Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/letterspapersill01stev_0 RERUM BRITANNICARUM MEDII iEVI SCRIPTURES, OR CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES. a . ■ THE CHRONICLES AND MEMORIALS OP GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND DURING THE 'MIDDLE AGES. PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF HER MAJESTY’S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OE THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. On the 26th of January 1857, the Master of the Rolls submitted to the Treasury a proposal for the publication of materials for the History of this Country from the Invasion of the Romans to the Reign of Henry VIII. The Master of the Rolls suggested that these materials should be selected for publication under competent editors without reference to periodical or chronological arrange- ment, without mutilation or abridgment, preference being given, in the first instance, to such materials as were most scarce and valuable. He proposed that each chronicle or historical document to be edited should be treated in the same way as if the editor were engaged on an Editio Princeps ; and for this purpose the most correct text should be formed from an accurate collation of the best MSS. To render the work more generally useful, the Master of the Rolls suggested that the editor should give an account of the MSS. employed by him, of their age and their peculiarities ; that he should add to the work a brief account of the life and times of the author, and any remarks necessary to explain the chronology ; but no other note or comment was to be allowed, except what might be necessary to establish the correctness of the text. 4 The works to be published in octavo, separately, as they were finished ; the whole responsibility of the task resting upon the editors, who were to be chosen by the Master of the Rolls with the sanction of the Treasury. The Lords of Her Majesty’s Treasury, after a careful consideration of the subject, expressed their opinion in a Treasury Minute, dated February 9, 1857, that the plan recommended by the Master of the Rolls “was well calculated for the accomplishment of this important national object, in an effectual and satisfactory manner, within a reasonable time, and provided proper attention be paid to economy, in making the detailed arrangements, without unnecessary expense.” They expressed their approbation of the proposal that each chronicle and historical document should be edited in such a manner as to represent with all possible correct- ness the text of each writer, derived from a collation of the best MSS., and that no notes should be added, except such as were illustrative of the various readings. They suggested, however, that the preface to each work should contain, in addition to the particulars proposed by the Master of the Rolls, a biographical account of the author, so far as authentic materials existed for that purpose, and an estimate of his historical credibility and value. liolls House , Decemlter 1857 . LETTERS AND PAPERS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE REIGN OE KING HENRY THE SIXTH. LETTERS AND PAPERS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE AVARS OF THE ENGLISH IN FRANCE DURING THE REIGN OF HENRY THE SIXTH, KING OF ENGLAND. EDITED BY THE REV. JOSEPH STEVENSON, M.A., OF UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, DURHAM, AND VICAR OF LEIGHTON BUZZARD. PUBLISHED BY TIIE AUTHORITY OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY’S TREASURY, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS. VOL. I. LONDON: Longman, green, longman, and Roberts^ 1861. Printed h Fill M«1 tforrwwoop*. Fnr II rr \lx *<\i t MMX* WTJ 0®C*. CONTENTS OF VOL. I. Preface - Appendix to the Preface - Letters and Papers (transcribed from various sources in France) - Supplementary Letters and Papers (transcribed from various sources in England) - Page. ix lxxv 1 379 PREFACE. ' PREFACE. § 1. This present volume contains the first instal- ment of a collection of miscellaneous Letters and Papers which illustrate the reign of king Henry the Sixth. The second volume, which will speedily fol- low, completes the series. These documents have for the most part been obtained from the libraries and archives of France, and consequently have reference to the relations existing between that kingdom and our own. Throughout the reign of the Lancastrian sovereigns, the history of the two realms, never widely apart, approximates so closely as to become nearly iden- tical. As it is with the history, so it is, to a great extent, with the sources whence that history is to be derived. France has turned to good account the infor- mation so amply supplied by our Chronicles and Records, and is both able and willing to repay the obligation. The results of an extended investigation in that direc- tion cannot but be important to us ; for it is now a recognized principle of historical investigation, that the half century included within these volumes cannot be understood by either country without a careful study of what was passing at the same time upon the other side of the Channel. § 2 . Yet, though the history of each nation thus reflects and illustrates that of its neighbour, the in- cidents themselves are widely different. If they admit of comparison, it is only by contrast. As regards ourselves, the reign of our sixth Henry (with which The sub- ject-matter of the present series of papers. X PREFACE. we are more immediately concerned at present), al- though most instructive and most interesting, is not one of those to which we would turn with any feeling of national satisfaction. It is for England a period of reverse and humiliation, the chronicle of how the possessions, won by the misdirected bravery and the unscrupulous diplomacy of Henry the Fifth, were lost by the folly of those who governed in the name of his son. With France it is different; it is the record of her progress. Her institutions, civil and military, are now placed upon a broader and firmer basis ; she developes and extends her commerce, and busies her- self in improving her domestic resources. The intense nationality which since that time has always been so conspicuous in her history, is now beginning to ex- hibit itself ; and “ Our Adversary of France ” is about to repay to England some portion of her long debt of sorrow and suffering. Within the limited period included in these volumes, the position of the two kingdoms shifts and revolves, and eventually becomes reversed. At its opening, Charles the Seventh was styled, in derision, the petty King of Bourges, for his dominion was limited to that city, while Henry the Sixth was proclaimed king of England and France at Westminster and Paris. At its close, Charles is king of Normandy and France, while Henry is in poverty and exile, dependent for his bread and his life upon those nations whose hostility he had defied and whose friendship he had scorned. § 3. This reverse was not the result of any one in- cident, nor was it accomplished by the agency of any single individual. Like nearly every other great national revolution, it was brought about by the operation of different causes ; causes widely distinct from each other in their origin and bearing, yet all pointing to one end. It could scarcely have been otherwise than it was. PREFACE. XI From the death of Henry the Fifth, his conquests were imperilled by a combination of hostile influences. While some of these lay in the pathway, and were obvious to all men, others started up from a distance so remote that they were scarcely perceptible at the first ; and their full magnitude was not discovered until it was too late to arrest their progress. § 4. For a due appreciation of the value of the docu- ments here printed, it becomes necessary that the reader should be made acquainted with the circumstances under which they were originally drawn up, and the indivi- duals by whom they were written, and to whom they were addressed. Some such preliminary statement as this is due to the reader. It is due also to the docu- ments themselves ; for the value of historical papers, such as these here printed, frequently depends rather upon the inferences which they indirectly tend to establish, than upon the information which they openly and broadly propound as matters of fact. Two modes of illustration present themselves. The information may be supplied either by prefixing to each document a short notice of its contents ; or the editor may furnish a general introduction, which shall deal with the subject in its broader and more comprehensive aspect. Each plan has its advantages ; but, in my opinion, they preponderate so decidedly in favour of the latter alternative that I have not hesitated to give it the preference. And since the larger proportion of the letters and papers contained in these volumes has reference to our dealings, diplo- matic or military, with France, it becomes necessary that our relations with that country, as they existed at the death of Henry the Fifth, should be explained in these introductory observations. § 5. Upon the accession of the House of Lancaster to Prelimi- tlie throne of England in the person of Henry the Fourth, nary remarks Xll PREFACE. upon the the fortunes of this country were upon the wane. The the d reign° f * son ^ ie Black Prince had disappointed the expecta- nt" Richard tions which had been formed of him when he had success- lf ’’ fully confronted the rebels at Smithfield ; 1 for not only had he proved himself unworthy of the name which he bore, but he had dimmed the honour of the nation over which he ruled. His domestic government was oppres- sive, his foreign policy was undignified. Indifferent him- self to military glory, he was careless of the reputation of his people. Hash and yet timid, by turns haughty and servile, to-day a prodigal and to-morrow a miser, he offended all — the clergy, the nobles, and the commons . 2 He was faithless to the traditions of his family ; he had no capacity for war as a general, and no liking for it as a soldier. Deficient in energy and enterprise, he wished for peace, and he bought it by concessions . 3 He gave up Brest to the duke of Bretagne, and sold Cherbourg to the king of Navarre . 4 Before his deposition he had nearly stripped England of those conquests upon which the Englishmen of that day so highly prided themselves, their possessions in France. The men who had been defeated at Cressy and Poitiers did not hesitate to declare that England was governed by a coward ; and worse than all, the taunt was repeated in the court at Westminster . 5 The nation was 1 Walsingh. 253, 10, speaks favourably of his courage, and ib. 55, of his clemency and discretion. 2 See his character as drawn by ; the Monk of Evesham, p. 169, ed. I Ileame. So also Juvenal des Ursins, ! “ Car il n’y avoit ne gens d’eglise, “ nobles, ne'Hidres, qui n’en feus- “ sent mal contents.” Hist, de Charles VI. p. 171, edit 1614. A characteristic letter, addressed by him to Albert duke of Bavaria, is extant, in which he relates with much satisfaction, how he had re- cently punished his ungrateful aud rebellious nobles ; and he urges his correspondent to follow his ex- ample in this respect. See Ap- pendix I. to this Preface, p. Ixxv. where the letter is printed. 3 Chron. de S. Denys, i. 170. 4 Juv. des Ursins, 142. 5 Chron. de S. Denys, i. 256, Juv. des Ursins, 44, Chronique de | Richart, p. 2, ed. Williams, 1846. PREFACE. xiil humbled in the person of her monarch ; and France felt that she had nothing to dread from such a rival as this. § G. The interest which the reign of Henry the Fourth possesses is chiefly derived from events which took place within our own island. It is the history of a successful invasion, and the record of the steps by which the in- vader secured the prize, and transmitted it to his de- scendants. All that he undertook was planned with skill and executed with energy. We cannot withhold our admiration from the first sovereign of the House of Lancaster. Intent upon the establishment of his own family and the consolidation of his own inter- ests, Henry estimated events solely with reference to these objects. He was too much occupied at home to look across the Channel. He dreaded nothing more than a rupture with France; and to avoid it, lie con- strained himself to submit to indignities which must have galled his spirit. The House of Valois would not acknowledge that of Lancaster ; Henry was only a soi- disant king of England . 1 He had stolen the crown by fraud, and held it by violence, contrary to all laws, human and divine. His ambassadors, whom lie sent into France, were not admitted into the presence of Charles, no safe-conduct was granted to them, and, in violation of the usages of nations and the courtesy of chivalry, the English herald was arrested and de- tained a prisoner . 2 Henry wrote to Charles thank- ing him for the kindness which he had experienced while an exile in France; but his letter remained un- 1 Ordonnances, ix. 4, xii. 218. See also the Tresor des Chartcs, 29 June 1399, SO Mai, 1399. The monk of S. Denys adopts the same language : “ Henricus Lancastrian “ qui se dicebat regem Anglian” iii. 230. Walleran, count de S. Pol, repeated the same charges in terms yet more offensive and insulting; he defied Henry of Lancaster to mortal combat as a murderer and usurper. His letter is printed in Monstrel., I. x., ed. Pantheon. 2 Proceedings of Privy Council, i. 103. and of Henry IV. XIV PREFACE. answered . 1 2 Henry bore all this patiently. He knew that a war with France would be fatal to him- self and his family. For a time England appeared to exist upon the forbearance of the French monarch. But when he had firmly established himself upon his throne, he did not forget past injuries and insults, and he re- venged himself in his own j)eculiar manner. It was done frugally, but effectually. If he did not wage war with France, upon a large scale, it was because the cir- cumstances of that kingdom afforded him the means of humbling its pride by a series of aggressions petty and irritating. At a small outlay of English blood and Eng- lish gold, he secured for England a large return of grati- fied resentment. The feuds between the rival Houses of Burgundy and Orleans had now broken out, and Henry prolonged the contest which was draining the strength of France. He helped each in turn, but never so long as effectually to disable the other. He interposed as soon as the fight was likely to become fatal. Either combatant might cripple the other, but he might not kill him ; if the gladiator should slay his antagonist, the game would be over. Burgundian and Armignac both courted him, and both hated him ; but whether as foe or ally, each in turn served his purpose. He played his part with skill, and it was successful. As long as diplomacy would suffice, he negotiated ; an embassy was cheaper than an army. When that failed, but not till then, troops and money were sent across the Channel . 3 1 MS. 10, 212, 3, Bibl. Imp. Paris, I “ Comment la royne d’Angleterre I “ retourna en France apres ce que le J “ roy Richart avoit este mis a mort.” i 2 Passing by other instances, we find that as early as January 1404 Charles VI. issued letters in which he states that Henry of Lancaster had usurped the throne of England, and had landed troops in Picardy, Normandy, Bretagne, and Poitou. | Ordonn., xii. 218. In June 1405, Geoffrey Goupil was sent express to Paris to inform the council that the English had landed at La Hogue. Addit. Chart. 51. And in 1406 Charles proclaims that, in order to resist the enterprise of Henry of Lancaster, whose army was about to make a descent upon some part of France, he had determined to send troops into Picarrly. Id. 1398. PREFACE. XV Henry’s reign was a short one, but it was long enough to render nugatory the hostile interests by which he had been opposed at its beginning. At its close, he saw his authority established upon a firm basis, his family had taken root in the soil of England, he had no rival fiction to dread, and the House of Lancaster was respected at home and feared abroad. § 7. It might have fared otherwise with England, it Rival fac- would certainly have fared otherwise with France, ifH onsin such a prince as that latter kingdom had recently lost in Charles the Fifth had still led her armies and directed her councils. While England was thus husbanding her resources, and increasing in material prosperity, that un- happy country was undergoing a trial which, for dura- tion and extremity of suffering, had hitherto been with- out a parallel in her history. The death of Charles the Fifth threw the government of the realm into the hands of a youthful sovereign, whose irregularities ended ere long in the loss of his reason. Whilst in this helpless condition, he was surrounded by persons who traded upon his madness and made a gain of the miseries of his people. And to make his position yet more lamentable, his enemies were chiefly those of his own household. § 8. Foremost on the list were the two individuals Orleanists ; from whom Charles might naturally have expected the th^queen warmest sympathy and the most effective help, his wife, Isabella of Isabella of Bavaria, and his brother, Louis, duke of Bavana ’ Orleans. The names of these two great criminals are inseparably associated. Of the former, it may be enough to say that she deserted her husband in the midst of his visitation, persecuted her son Charles the Seventh with implacable hatred as long as she had the power to injure him, and accepted as her paramour the brother of her crazed husband. She is the type of vulgar sensualism ; selfish, gross, and unspiritual : devoid of those brilliant and Louis duke of Orleans. xvi PREFACE. qualities which sometimes accompany sin, and make men think that it is not so exceeding sinful. 1 There was nothing to palliate the ugliness of her guilt, save simple animal beauty ; when that was gone all was gone, and then men wondered how it was that she ever could have been loved or admired. § 9. There were some redeeming natural graces in the character of the duke of Orleans, which might have become virtues had they been cultivated. 2 The estim- able qualities which promised so fairly in his youth vanished, or were perverted, as vice gained the ascen- dancy over him. His personal appearance was pleasing, there was a winning grace in his address, he acquired an ascendancy over all with whom he associated. There was no want in him of discretion, or judgment, or common sense, but he seldom listened to their dictates ; he was an accomplished speaker, but his eloquence was generally applied to the furtherance of some unworth}' object. Nor were his qualities simply negative ; there was in him a considerable amount of positive evil, un- mistakably developed. His vices were conspicuous and notorious. In later life he became arrogant and suspi- cious, sensual and cm el, cowardly and crafty. 3 His expenditure was boundless, 4 and it was supported by 1 The bust of the queen in the Gallery of Sculpture at Versailles, coincides with and supports this estimate of her character. The face is sensual and unintellectual, and the lower features are unpleasingly de- veloped. 2 “ Le due d’Orleans avoit assez “ bon sens et entendement, et estoit “ beau prince et gracieux,” Juv. des Ursins, 109. The monk of S. Denys has preserved many illus- trations of his temper and character, both for good and evil, but he has shown that the latter predominated. See also, “ Louis et Charles, dues “ d’Orleans, leur influence sur les “ arts, la litterature, et l’esprit de “ leur siecle,” par A. Champollion- Figeac. 8 Paris, 1844, a curious work, the utility of which, however, is considerably diminished by the absence of precise references to the documents upon which it is founded. 3 S. Denys, iii., 119, 458. 4 Id. in , 266, 330, 460. PREFACE. XVI L measures of the most unscrupulous audacity and dis- honesty. During his administration he ground down the people with taxes, which, as it was notorious, were never applied to the purpose for which they were col- lected . 1 Upon one occasion, he decided that it had be- come necessary for the exigencies of the state that a tax of seventeen millions 8 should be raised. The money so collected was deposited in a tower in the palace. The duke, finding that he wanted money — he always wanted money — came by night with some armed men, broke open the doom, and violently carried off a large portion ot the treasure. In the same year a second contribution w«is demanded in order to resist, it was said, a threat- ened invasion of the English, and eight hundred thou- sand crowns were again wrung from the people . 3 It was openly stated, and universally believed, that of this immense sum not one single piece of gold found its way into the public treasury ; the whole was squandered by the duke and the queen upon their pleasures . 4 Thus things went on until Paris rung with the execrations which the guilty couple drew down upon themselves. They had become a scandal to France, and a proverb and a by-word to the other nations of Europe . 5 A monk, preaching before the queen, ventured openly to tell her of the estimation in which she was held, in con- sequence of the laxity of her own personal morality and that of her court. " If you will not believe me/' said he, “ disguise yourself, put on the dress of a poor “ woman, and go into the town, and you will soon “ understand my meaning ." 6 faction, 1 S. Denys, iii., 229. 5 Id. 266. ; So says the monk of S. Denys ; but the question arises, Seventeen millions of what coin ? 7 Her life was frequently in danger. See Monstrel., p. 53, edit. Fanth. and Ordonn. x. 176. 0 Id. 268. 3 S. Denys, iii., 141. 4 Id. 229. XV111 PREFACE. forgiven her sin, but they could not forgive her heart- lessness. They found excuses for the inexcusable dissi- pation and extravagance of Louis of Orleans : he was so merry, so good-humoured with it all ; true, he was very wicked, but he sinned pleasantly. They could not brook the tranquil, heartless sensuality of the queen, so avari- cious too, in the midst of her excesses. The duke wanted money to spend it, she wanted money to hoard it. Besides, she was a foreigner. They had stories of frequent troops of horses laden with gold which she sent home to her native Bavaria, and they cried out that she was impoverishing France to enrich Germany . 1 They knew what was passing in the king's palace, from which she absented herself ; a palace, and yet a madhouse and a prison. The poor king and his child and hers were scantily supplied with the very necessaries of life. Upon one occasion, as the king was seated at dinner, the nurse of the young dauphin informed him that the royal household was unprovided with food and clothing, that she had asked for them, and that her applications were disregarded . 2 This occurred during one of the king’s intervals of sanity, then the queen left him, because she did not like his company ; when his malady returned, she would not live with him, because she was afraid of him . 3 His condition was horrible. When he ate, he fell upon his food like a wolf . 4 For five months he could not be persuaded to take off his clothes, and he was covered with filth and vermin. At length it became necessary that something should be done, and “a very “ skilful physician" prescribed the mode of treatment. Ten or twelve men, with their faces blackened, and in disguise, “ very fearful to look upon," burst into the room in which he lay at night, and seized the poor maniac. They violently stripped his filthy rags off his vermin- 1 S. Denys, iii., 232. 2 Jut. des Ursins, 215. 3 Chron. 8. Denys, vi., 486. 4 “ bien gloutement et “ louuissement.” Jut. des Ursins, 220 . PREFACE. XIX eaten skin, and dressed him in his 'new clothes. 1 It was believed that this disease was the result of witchcraft, and that a spell had been cast upon him by his brother of Orleans. 2 This at least was the popular idea ; while the more sober-minded held that these calamities which pressed so heavily upon all were sent as a punishment for the sins of the nation, and they waited in the ex- pectation that ere long a yet heavier vengeance would overtake the guilty. 3 They had not to wait long. The blow fell at last, but it was attended with results even more fatal than those which had been anticipated. §11. In his intervals of reason, Charles the Sixth and Bur- had invoked the aid of the duke of Burgundy against ® hy d popu- his brother and the queen, 4 and his appeal had not been lar. in vain. Jean sans Peur, as he was ostentatiously, but somewhat undeservedly, called, stood forward as the guardian of the king, as the protector of the nation, 1 These particulars and others equally horrible are given by Ju- venal des Ursins, 220. 2 The details of the magical arts used by the duke of Orleans against his brother are omitted in many manuscripts, and in all the printed editions of Monstrelet previous to that of Buchon. See his note p. 80, edit. Panth. The accusation was alluded to by Henry IV. in 1402, during the course of his angry correspondence with the duke. He writes thus, “ Et plut a u Dieu que vous n’eussiez oncques “ fait ni procure contre la personne i( de votre dit seigneur et frere, ou “ les siens, plus que nous n’avons “ de notre dit seigneur ; si creons “ quils en fussent a present plus “ aises.” Id. i. ch. ix. 3 Nicolas de Clamengis, who wrote at this time thus expresses the popular sentiment : “ Et mirari “ debet aliquis si Christi desertores “ Christus deseruit ? Quo deserente, “ cuncta super nos violenti torrentis “ impetu undique mala inundave- “ runt. Unde enim regem nostrum, “ suapte natura clementissimum et “ optimum, ita flagellatum credi- “ mus? . . unde postremo,utfontem “ malorum aperiam, bella inter nos “ tarn crudelia, tarn impia, tamque “ infausta, nisi propter execrabilia “ Deoque ulterius importabilia quse ‘‘ inter nos regnant scelera, quse ne- “ cesse est ut nos mature, nisi aliter “ obsistamus, in capitale atque irre- “ parabile demergant exitium.” De Lapsu et Reparatione Justitise, cap. viii, p. 47, ed. 1613. 4 Juv. des Ursins, 216. XX PREFACE. and as the vindicator of public morality . 1 He was a formidable antagonist to the party of Orleans and Isa- bella of Bavaria . 2 His position as a member of the family of Valois , 3 his wealth, and his immense posses- sions, gave him great weight in the councils of the nation. He was highly popular with that busy and in- fluential body which gave the tone to public opinion, the citizens of Paris ; for he proclaimed that he had come to reform the oppressive government of the Orleanists , 4 and to cut down the duke's expenditure, public and pri- vate. There were personal antipathies, moreover. Cold and haughty in manner, the duke of Burgundy disliked and despised the careless gaiety of his cousin of Orleans, who took his revenge by laughing at the solemn reserve and the steady respectability of the other. Political in- terests clashed, and gave an intensity to personal ani- mosity ; Orleans was plotting for the acquisition of in- fluence and territorial extension, which, if obtained, would cripple the power and compromise the safety of 1 Clamengis, after having de- picted the miseries into which France had fallen, thus addresses the duke : — “In hac tristissima “ temporum caligine, in hoc totius “ iniquitatis inundante diluvio, in “ hoc omnium vitiorum, scelerum, “ flagitiorumque inaudita con- “ fusione, te, infelix et calamitosa “ patria, dux illustris ac prsecla- “ rissime, auxiliatorem remediique “ ministrum expectat. Tu prse- “ sidium, tu refugium, tu salutis “ post Salvatorem spes amplissima “ es.” Cap. x., p. 49. 2 At one period open war seemed to be imminent. Charles recites, in one of his Ordonnances (12 Oct. 1405), that the dukes of Orleans and Burgundy, “ Ayent faictz grans “ mandemens de gens d’armes et “ autres gens de guerre.” Ordonn., ! xii. 223. Upon a previous occasion, 14 Jan. 1401, a reconciliation had been brought about by the interven- tion of queen Isabella, the king of Sicily, and the dukes of Berry and Orleans. De Laborde, iii., In- trod., p. vi., who cites the Register, K. 55, n. 16, in the Imperial Ar- chives. 3 He strengthened this relation- ship by marrying his daughter Margaret to the dauphin Louis, son of Charles VI. Art de Vcrif. les Dates, xi. 81, ed. 1818. 4 One of his proposals, which must have terrified the prodigal duke of Orleans, was that he should be re- quired to render an account of how he had expended the revenues of the nation which had been at his disposal for three years. P. Cochon, Chron. Normande, p. 373< PREFACE. XXI the House of Burgundy. 1 Hostility sprung up between them at each turn. They were rivals everywhere, in the camp and at the council-board, in peace and in war, even at the fireside ; for the crowning insult had come in the shape of a complaint from the young wife of Jean sans Peur, who told her husband that the profligate Orleans had ventured to make proposals to her which, if unavenged, would be an eternal stain upon her honour. 2 * § 12. Such was the position of affairs in France The duke towards the end of the year 1407. Yet the crisis, pf Orleans which, to all appearance, had so long been impending, dered seemed to be arrested by the mediation of the rela- tives of the two cousins. Upon Sunday, the twentieth of November, “ they heard mass together, and received “ puis xv. ans, en 9 a este en nostre “ royaume de France,” were calcu- lated from this date. Ordonn. xiii. 47. PREFACE. XXV revolution in public feeling. The inhabitants of Paris, never very rigid censors of morality, forgot the sins of his life in the extenuating circumstances of his death — it was so horrible, so base, so cowardly. Their sym- pathies were excited by the arrival of the widowed duchess, the blameless Valentine of Milan, who with her children threw herself at the feet of Charles, and ad- jured him to revenge the blood of her husband . 1 If the duke of Burgundy, men asked, had a grievance against him, why not proclaim it openly, and fight it out in the field ? Moreover, they remembered that Burgundy was the confederate of England, whereas the party of Or- leans was that which represented the nationality of France. Like a good knight he had defied Henry of Lancaster to single combat with lance, axe, sword, and dags'er . 2 It was he who had induced the Bretons to attack the islands of Jersey and Guernsey . 3 The descents which had been made upon the southern coasts of England were conducted by those generals, who were identified with his interest . 4 The insurrec- tion in Wales, which had so nearly cost .Henry his crown, was fomented and supported by the influence of Orleans . 5 It began to be obvious that there was an unsuspected vitality in the party which adopted the name of the murdered duke as its watchword ; 1 S. Denys, iii. 749, iv. 191. She died, 4 Dec. 1408. Upon the day of her death an inventory of her jewels and plate was commenced, concerning which, see De Laborde, iii. 6,063. Within a few months after the duke’s murder, we find her buying pewter plates for the use of her household. Without venturing to conclude that this was the result of her necessities, we can- not deny that the contrast between the expenditure of the husband and the wife is painfully suggestive. The document is printed in the Appendix to this Preface, Num- ber II., p. Ixxvi. 2 Monstrel. i. ix. ; Leibnitz, Cod. Jui\ Gent., pp. 266, 267, 270. In September, 1404, he announced his intention of making a voyage into England, and prepared pennons and standards. Add. Chart., 50. 3 Juv. des Ursins, 194. 4 Id. 225. 5 Id. 201, 218. XXY1 PREFACE. The quarrel becomes national. and could it but attain consistency of purpose and unity of action, it might yet avenge the blood which was crying from the ground. The feeling existed, if not as yet of hostility towards Burgundy, still of affection for Orleans ; it was vague and indefinite, but it might become formidable if properly nurtured. The first want, and the most pressing, and at the same time the most difficult of all others to supply, was that of a leader’; one who could unite the discordant elements of which this movement was composed, could control it and direct it. No such leader could be found in the royal family ; its members were either too young or too old, or too much under the control of Bur- gundy. From Paris northward as far as Antwerp his influence made itself felt and feared. It was vain to look in that direction ; the leader of the French party, if he would represent France, must come from France proper, from that part of France which lay to the south of the Loire. Such an one was found in the person of Bernard, count d’Armagnac, already connected with the family of Valois, “ one of the 4 4 most powerful princes and greatest captains of his 44 age and he was accepted as the representative of the French nationality. § 16. The strife had now attained an unexpected magnitude. It had become a quarrel of races, of the south against the north, of the Langue d’Oc against the Langue d'Oil. 1 2 It was the interest of each leader to encourage this sentiment. There existed a strongly marked line of separation between the two national- ities, a difference perceptible to the eye and the ear of the most unobservant. The count d’Armagnac marched at the head of his levies from Bdarn and 1 Art deYerif. les Dates, ix. 315. 2 This division of France is re- cognized in legal documents, which speak “ tant de Languedoil comme “ de Languedoc.” See Ordonn. xi. 14, 17, 99, 150, xii. 283. PREFACE. XXV11 Foix, Roussillon and the Bordelais ; men who in dress, appearance, and habits resembled the Catalans of Spain ; rude in manner, coarse in speech, and wild in aspect. Their barbarous patois was unintelligible then (as now) to the inhabitants of Paris. A like diversity of race was perceptible in the Burgundian army. It was formed of troops collected from Flanders, Holland, Zeeland, Hainault, Artois, and Picardy, half of whom spoke a Low German dialect ; and, as if to identify himself with this Teutonic element, so hostile to that of France, the duke caused his men to bear upon the pennons of their lances the motto “ Ich lioude.” 1 § 1 7. It is unnecessary to trace, step by step, the Its pro- progress of this conflict, in which neither party had gress ‘ for long a decided superiority. Upon the whole, how- ever, the Armagnacs appeared to have the ascendency, at least, such was the opinion of the duke of Bur- gundy, for in the year 1411 he called in the aid of the English. 2 * * When they arrived, they speedily dis- covered how to hold the balance between the con- tending parties so as to make it preponderate to the side which most favoured their own interests. The death of Henry the Fourth followed shortly afterwards, and then the aspect of affairs changed. Henry the Fifth would not consent to be em- ployed in the capacity of an auxiliary or an arbi- trator ; he commenced the war on a large scale, and upon his own responsibility. The sweeping demands of Edward the Third and the Black Prince were now revived in their fullest extent, demands inconsistent 1 “ Si avoit le dit due de Bour- “ gogne tres grand nombre de gens “ d’armes, lesquels si portoient es “ pennonceaux de lenrs lances, en “ Flamand, ‘ Ich houd,’ e’est a dire, “ ‘ Je le tiens. 5 ” Monstr. i. xxv. 2 The campaign of the English in France under the earl of Arundel in 1411 and 1412, is traced with much valuable detail by S. Remy. p. 329 ed. Panth. xxviii PREFACE. with the existence of France as an independent mon- archy. Then came the battle of Azincourt, the treaty of Troyes, and the marriage of Henry with the prin- cess Catherine. In the mean time, the duke of Bur- gundy, the murderer of Orleans, was himself murdered upon the bridge of Montereau, under circumstances equally base and atrocious, at the instigation (as was believed) of the dauphin Charles. This crime soon bore the fruits of its own punishment ; it was most fatal to the interests of France, and most favourable to those of England ; for it secured for Henry the whole weight of the immense influence of Burgundy. The son of the murdered duke immediately entered into a close alliance with the English, and pledged, him- self to avenge his father’s blood upon the dauphin and his adherents. By the pressure thus made to bear upon him from these two points, Charles the Sixth was constrained to disinherit his son, and to constitute Henry his heir . 1 The crown of France was declared to be united with that of England in the person of the English monarch, Henry the Fifth and his issue. Europe was shocked and scandalised, but her voice was raised in vain . 2 Henry, however, was not per- mitted to see the fulfilment of these dreams of his 1 In this disgraceful treaty Charles forbids the inhabitants of Paris to obey the dauphin, and directly charges him with the false and dis- loyal murder of the duke of Bur- gundy. It is dated 17 January 1420, and is printed in the Ordonn. xii. 273. The paper, however, is valuable, as giving the Burgundian version of the duke’s death, which it does at considerable length. Again on Feb. 13 of the same year Charles proclaims as traitors all those per- sons who serve in the army of the dauphin. Id. p. 278. 2 Louis the Eleventh, among the other arguments which he urged against the validity of the Treaty of Troyes, states that it was sent to Rome for the confirmation of Pope Martin the Fifth, who refused to give it his sanction. See Leibnitz, Cod. Juris Gentium, Mantissa, p. 76. From the tone of that pope’s corre- spondence with Henry V. and the dauphin Charles (which may be seen in Raynaldi, A.D. 1421, § 20, 21), it is obvious that he sympathised with the latter, and considered the former an intruder and usurper. PREFACE. XXIX I ambition, the substantial enjoyment of which, had he lived a few weeks longer, would have been within his grasp. lie was cut off suddenly, in the midst of his conquests and in the prime of his life ; and he was shortly afterwards followed to the tomb by the crazed Charles . 1 Two rival claimants now demanded the vacant throne, Henry the Sixth, the baby king of England, and Charles, the disinherited dauphin of France. There was no longer room for doubt or com- promise, for the dispute had now assumed an aspect clearly defined, precise and unmistakable. And it is at this point, and under these circumstances, that the series of documents here printed commences. § IS. When the hero of Azincourt was lying upon Arrange- his bed of death at Vincennes, lie made arrangements lf ems for 7 0 the govern- for the government of his two realms of England and ment of France during the minority of his son. With the thTdeathof former there was little difficulty, at least it apparently Henry V. gave him little concern ; but he spoke more fully and more earnestly about the security and extension of his acquisitions in France. Thoroughly acquainted with the strength and weakness of his position, he directed that the affairs of England should be carried on by his youngest brother, Humphry, Duke of Gloucester ; and he appointed the Duke of Burgundy to be the governor of France, if he would be pleased to accept that respon- sibility. The duke declined it ; and thus the regency of France, according to Henry’s arrangements, made with a view to this contingency, devolved upon his brother, John, Duke of Bedford . 2 1 Henry the Fifth died upon Monday, 31 August, 1422 (Feed, x. 253, Privy Counc. iii. 3.) and was followed by Charles the Sixth on the 22 October in the same year (Ordonn. xiii. 193, Monstr. i. cclxxvii. Chastellain, p. 117.) The Chron. de S. Denys, usually | so well informed, erroneously fixes this event on the 21st, and Ju- venal des Ursins yet more inaccu- rately, upon the 20th, p. 499. 2 Monstrelet here is full and ac- curate, i. cclxxv., and his narrative may be accepted without hesitation. XXX PREFACE. Character of the re- gent of France. § 19. The previous career of the duke of Bedford well fitted him for the efficient discharge of the du- ties of his new office. It was necessary that the regent, whoever he might be, should not only be a soldier, but also a politician ; that he should have had some experience in the court as well as in the camp. Bedford had been trained in each capacity. As a youth he had seen rough service in the north of England,- having for several years been governor of Berwick and warden of the East Marches towards Scotland. 1 Henry the Fifth had formed a high opi- nion of his discretion in the management of political affairs, and he evinced it by appointing him governor of England upon more than one 2 occasion, while he himself was absent in France ; and these tokens of his confidence are all the more remarkable, inasmuch as they occurred during the lifetime of the duke of Clarence, Bedford’s elder brother. Placed by the will of Henry the Fifth in a position of yet greater re- sponsibility and difficulty, at once prime-minister and commander-in-chief, he was virtually king of France. We shall see that his conduct justified the high ex- pectations which had been formed of him. The French themselves admitted that his administration was alike efficient, conciliatory, and prudent. 3 He aimed at the reformation of abuses, and he administered justice with a firm and strict impartiality. 4 In short, he was a brave soldier, a prudent general, and a skilful 1 Rot. Scot, ii., 164, 171, 195, 204. Several of his letters relating to Border affairs occur in the Cot- tonian MS. Vesp. F. vii. See num- bers 74, 76, 86, 87, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 105, 106, 116. - Namely, in 1415 (Feed. ix. 305), in 1417 (Id. 475), and in 1421 (x. 129). The last occasion, how- ever, occurred after the death of the duke of Clarence. 3 “ Francise regnum, quantum erat “ ditioni subactum, per ducem “ Betfordise satis strenue et pru- “ denter regebatur.” Tho. Basin, Hist. i. 47. 4 See a remarkable instance in the work last quoted, i. 105 e PREFACE. XXXI diplomatist . 1 Yet he has his faults, though they do not stand prominently forward in his history. He is a true representative of the House of Lancaster ; he inherits the temperament as well as the policy of his able father, Henry the Fourth, and his yet more able brother, Henry the Fifth. He is coldly and cruelly selfish, pursuing his own ends by his own means ; he conciliates with a good grace when con- ciliation is necessary for his purpose ; when he can afford to do so he lets it be seen what he is at heart — proud, arrogant, and uncompromising. His government, however, upon the whole, was most effi- cient ; and if he failed, it was through the faults of others rather than his own. From the beginning he played a losing game, and he knew it ; the tide which had carried on the English so proudly was already on the ebb, and, though he stemmed it manfully, it was too strong for him at the last. He saw the union of France and Burgundy, and he fully understood the significance of the fact. The treaty of Arras broke his heart. Happily for himself, lie was spared the misery of witnessing the calamities which were yet in store for England. Such was the individual whom we find regent of France at the commencement of the period embraced in these volumes. It concerns us to trace in outline the history of his administration. 1 A portrait of the duke occurs in the celebrated Book of Hours, exe- cuted for his wife, concerning which see page xxix. It scarcely realises our conception of the duke’s cha- racter as it is depicted in history. The features are broadly and strongly marked, but heavy and fleshy ; en- ergetic indeed, but deficient in the intellect which we should have ex- pected. There is the will to execute, but not the mind to plan. The adjuncts of the picture are signifi- cant. The duke kneels before his patron saint, St. George, who ap- pears to him in a church ; thus his devotion assumes the form of his nationality ; and the motto, several times repeated, “A vous entiere,” shows how absolute with him was that nationality. The man and his motto prefigured the “Thorough” of a later century. XXX11 PREFACE. The pro- clamation of Henry VI. in Paris. § 20. Bedford’s first care was to secure Paris, and to cause his nephew to be proclaimed there as king of France. For this purpose he summoned a parliament to assemble upon the nineteenth of November. His brother’s death, the death of Charles the Sixth, and other business, had occupied him longer than he had expected. 1 Pie had not been idle, however, and the arrangements which he had been making in the mean time were successful. Upon the day appointed he met the Parliament of Paris in their chamber. The meeting was a large one ; the chancellor was there, and the presi- dents of the parliament ; so were the bishop of Paris, the rector of the university, and the representatives of the clergy and the city. The duke occupied the chief seat of honour, and he called upon the chancellor to address the meeting. That officer in his speech reminded the assembly of the terms of the treaty of Troyes ; that, in virtue of its arrange- ments, Henry the Sixth, the grandson of Charles the Sixth, lately deceased, was legally king of France. The dauphin, he added, had no right to succeed to the crown, for whatever right he once might have pleaded was forfeited “by occasion of the horrible u and detestable crime committed and perpetrated in “ his presence, and by his consent, command, and “ advice,” upon the person of the late duke of Bur- gundy. The duke of Bedford, he could assure them, was prepared “ to spend body, soul, and substance for “ the good of this realm, and to preserve justice, “ peace, and quiet therein, as his late brother, the « king of England, would have done, had he lived.” 1 He arrived in Paris upon 5 November, Charles the Sixth having died upon 22 October. Felibien, Hist, de Paris, Preuves, iv. 588. Upon Monday, November 9, letters were drawn up in the name of Henry the Sixth, as king of France. Ibid. PREFACE. XXXlli And he concluded by enjoining them to swear that they would observe the terms of the said peace. There was no hesitation ; all took the prescribed oath upon a mass-book which was held by the chancellor of France ; and the meeting was dismissed. 1 § 21. Paris being thus tranquil, Bedford had leisure to look around and strengthen his position. His first thought was towards Burgundy. Henry the Fifth had charged his brother to make every effort to preserve the league then in force with the duke ; and Bedford was fully aware of the importance of the advice. So long as it existed, the conquest cf France was only a question of time ; province after province must of necessity fall before the invaders. In order to draw this union yet more closely together, a meeting was held at Amiens in the spring of the year 1423. The dukes of Bed- ford and Burgundy were present; so was the duke of Bretagne, who long had wavered between the two par- ties, but who now joined the stronger. The bishops of aris (titular patriarch of Constantinople), 2 of Tournai, Terrouaine, Nantes, Amiens, and Beauvais, represented with tolerable accuracy the geographical extent of the English interest. 3 The meeting had a double object in view. It celebrated the contract of marriage of the duke , of Bedford with Anne, the sister of the duke of Burgundy, 4 and of another of his sisters, Margaret 7 O ‘ 1 See the Appendix to this Pre- face, Number III., p. lxxvii. 2 Gall. Christ, vii. 145. 3 See the present volume, pp. 6, 10. 4 Art de Vcrif. les Dates, xi. 82. The celebrated Book of Hours, exe- cuted between 1423 and 1430, which is now in the British Museum, (Addit. MS. 18,850), contains a portrait of the duchess, fol. 258, b. She kneels before her patron saint, S. Anne, in front of whom stand two juvenile figures. One dressed in white, with the circular aureola, crowned, is the blessed Virgin Mary ; the other, the Saviour, also represented as a child, is dressed in a greyish brown robe, His head sur- rounded with a cruciform glory of rays, and holding in His hand the orb, surmounted by the cross, S. J oachim stands behind a chair, and The treaty of Amiens. XXXIV PREFACE. with Arthur, count de Richemont, * 1 an alliance which severed Bretagne from the dauphin's party, to which it had shown some preference. 2 The brothers-in-law entered into a treaty, 3 offensive and defensive, the terms of which were especially advantageous to Eng- land. Each of them pledged himself to forward the interest of king Henry by banishing war from the realm ; an expression which means that they would be satisfied with nothing short of the submission, the death, or the expulsion of Charles the Seventh. 4 § 22. The allies did not separate without taking a step towards this consummation. The dauphin's party had now concentrated itself to the south of the Loire ; from this quarter were derived the money and the behind are four angels looking over a curtain and playing on musical instruments. The countenance of the duchess is pleasing and amiable, quite in harmony with her motto, “ J’en suis content.” The arms of the duke and duchess occur several times, see ff. 31, 94 b., 207 b., 255 b., 287 b. See further, concerning this manuscript, the Appendix, Number IV., p. lxxxi. 1 She was the widow of the dauphin Louis of France, the son of Charles VI. who died 18 Dec. 1415. See Felibien, Preuves, iv. 561 . 2 Arthur seceded to the party of Charles in 1425 (see Cousinot, Geste des Nobles, 198,) who made him constable of France by letters dated 7 March 1425. See Hist, de Charles VII. p. 792, ed. fol. 1661. 3 It is printed in Rymer, x. 280, and in Monstrel. ii. 7. The archives at Lille contain various documents connected with these transactions ; among the rest, the confirmation by the duke of Burgundy of the mar- riage between his sister and Bedford, dated at Lille, 29 Dec. 1422 ; several receipts given by Bedford for the payment of instalments of his wife’s marriage-portion, and the contract of marriage between Arthur of Britanny and Margaret of Burgun- dy, dated at Amiens, 14 April 1423. 4 See Feed. x. 280, Plancher, Hist, de Bourgogne, iv. 70, Preuves, p. xxvij. So anxious was Bedford to obtain this meeting that he paid the expenses incurred by the duke of Bretagne, in his journey to Amiens, which amounted to 6,000 crowns. Monstrel. II. vii. Morice, Hist, de Bretagne, i. 491. And further, he discharged the arrears of dower due to the late duchess of Burgundy, and granted the villes of Peronne, Montdidier, and Roye, in confirmation of the letters of Henry V., dated 8 August 1418. See Plancher, Preuves, p. xxviij. and Regist. des Chartes, xiii. 103 in the Archives at Lille, as also Regist. viii. p. 6. PREFACE. XXXV troops with which he still carried, on this unequal conflict. It was difficult to find a partizan in this hostile district, but the duke of Bedford imagined that he had won over to his interests John count de Foix. 1 He constituted him lieutenant-general for the English in Languedoc and Bigorre, thus investing him with authority over a tract of land which ex- tended at the base of the entire ridge of the Pyrenees, from the gulf of Lyons to that of Gascony. The plan was judicious ; if successful it would at least have intercepted those auxiliaries whom Charles obtained from Spain ; 2 but it was a failure. The count de Foix and his brother, the count de Comminge, joined the English party only to abandon it; 3 and they associ- ated themselves more closely than ever with their neighbours, the sire d’Albret 4 and the counts d’Armig- nac and Pardiac, 6 all faithful in their attachment to their native country. § 23. Despite this partial success the position of Charles Position of was well nigh hopeless, and the French monarchy ^ t ^ elli ^ e ‘ tottered upon its basis. The combatants were most unequally matched. As an individual, Charles had few moral qualifications for success ; at this time he had not secured the respect of his people. He was a selfish spendthrift, an idle pleasure-seeker ; while the regent was active, prudent, and enterprising, potent alike at the council table and at the head of his army. The only provinces which Charles could call his own were Languedoc, Dauphiny, and Lyons. The English 1 See the present volume, pp. 1, 6, and Rymer, x. 271. On the 22 April in the previous year he had received 6,954 English nobles of gold from the treasury of England, Rymer, x. 205. 2 Hist. Chronol. de Charles VII. p. 370. ed. Godefr. 3 As early as May 1423 he recon- ciled himself with the dauphin, who in 1425, entrusted him with the command of his army and gave him the comte of Bigorre. See Art de Verif. les Dates, ix. 448. 4 Art de Verif. les Dates, ix. 273. 5 Id. ix. 357. XXXVI PREFACE. Wretched condition of France as re- garded life, had entrenched themselves in Normandy on the one hand, and in Guyenne and Gascony on the other. The occupation of Paris and its environs gave them an immense moral influence over the rest of the kingdom. 1 The duke of Burgundy, their ally, placed Artois, Flanders, Picardy and Champagne at their dis- posal. They were now pushing their conquests beyond the Loire, and town after town fell before them. Nearly the whole of the French seaboard was in their hands ; their troops and munitions passed over the Channel unmolested, for Charles had no navy where- with to intercept the supplies. He had no regular army ; the troops which still followed his standard were without discipline ; disorganized and demoralized they abandoned him at their will to pillage and de- vastate the country. The English, on the other hand, were well-trained and ably generaled ; with them desertion was nearly impracticable, for they knew that the sea cut off their retreat homeward. The sub- jugation of France seemed all but certain ; it was only a question of time, and the first decided success which the English should gain would probably settle the long dispute for ever. So at least thought Bedford ; and, strong in this conviction, lie was contented to await the result which he predicted to be near at hand. In the mean- time he turned his attention to the internal settle- ment of that portion of the country which he had already brought under his authority. § 21. It had been decided at the meeting at Amiens 2 that something should be done in order to alleviate, 1 Upon the possession of the capi- tal, said Ledford in his despatch to the council in London, depends the tenure of the realm of F ranee. Feed, x, 432. 2 The article is a curious one ; so curious, that it is worth transcribing : “ Item, que, de toute nostre puissans “ et par toutes les meillours voies “ et maneres que nous scavons PREFACE. XXXV 11 if possible, the distress under which France then laboured. The condition of the people was most miserable. War had not only exhausted the resources of the country but had debased and brutalized the people. Crime and misery were then, as now, insepa- rably associated. Each party as it passed to the war swept the land clean, and a state of peace was little less destructive ; for then armed bands roamed at their leisure from place to place, and supported themselves by violence and plunder. The roads were impassable, not so much on account of the English troops, as because they were beset with stragglers from the French army, who, when disappointed of their pay, deserted, and took up the more profitable occupation of the freebooter . 1 In the present volume we have an illustration of how the captains of the fortresses levied forced contributions upon such wayfarers as passed by their neighbourhood, the leader of the band, in this instance, being a personage of no less historic reputation than Enguerran de Monstrelet . 2 Others of these marauders assumed the arms and dress of the English, the better to disguise their depredations . 3 Robbery was reduced to a trade ; the leader of a band of thieves hired men to serve under him, and paid them regular wages for their service . 4 The ecclesiastic “ adviser pour le relievement du “ poure peuple de ce roiaume, qui “ tant a souffert et seuffre de mi- “ seres, et pour ce nous nous emploi- , “ erons abouter la guerre hors d’icellui roiaume, et le mettre en “ paix et tranquillite, ad fin que “ Dieu y soit servy et honnoure, et “ que marchandise et labourage y “ puissent avoir cours.” Rymer, x. 281. 1 See Juvenal des Ursins, 292,467. Jean Chartier. Chronique de Charles VOL. I. VII., ii. 79, 80. Cont. Monstrel. iii. 10, ed. 1603. In the Tresor des C'hartes, Reg. 175, No. 25, is a curious document, dated 31 Dec. 1431, which states that the road between Chauny and Noyon was in such a dangerous condition that communication was kept up only by water. 2 See p. 10 and another instance at p. 23. 3 Monstrel., ii. 157, b. ed. 1604. 4 Juvenal des Ursins, 439. d xxxvni PREFACE. abandoned his cowl and his monastery, and bought himself arms and horses with which to follow this new calling . 1 Children were carried off from their parents, and if not redeemed by an exorbitant ransom, were either drowned or had their throats cut . 2 Warfare was conducted upon a system of worse than barbarian ferocity. No quarter was given ; it was a customary thing to put all prisoners to death in cold blood . 3 If they escaped for a time, during the first flush of vic- tory, they were afterwards thrown into the oubliette, and permitted to perish of hunger . 4 It was sometimes found that before death relieved them from their suf- ferings they had gnawed the flesh off the limbs of their dead companions . 5 There was everywhere one wild thirst for blood, a craving after the infliction of suffering. The count de Ligny having taken some prisoners, permitted his nephew, the count de Saint Pol, to have “ the great pleasure ” of killing some of them . 6 The young murderer was fifteen years of age at the time . 7 “ The entire population seemed frenzied. 1 “ Les religieux laissoient leur ha- I “ bits de religion, et prenoient har- “ nois et chevaux et s’exercoient aux “ armes.” Juv. des Ursins, p. 439. 8 S. Denys, vi. 90. Henry Y. had attempted, hut ineffectually, to check this system of brigandage. The list of the robbers who were, executed in one year in Normandy fills seven folio pages in the ac- counts of William Allyngton, the Treasurer General. In the tenth year of the same king the same accountant paid a head-tax upon ninety-nine brigands who were exe- cuted within his jurisdiction between ! 1 May and 1 Sept. The sum paid upon each head was six pounds Toumois. See L’Accompte de Guillaume Allyngtone, Tresorier I General de Normandie, in the custody of the Master of the Rolls. Numerous illustrations occur among the Joursanvault Charters, showing how anxious the English were to punish these brigands. See, among others, the Additional Charters, 3556, 3558, 3576, 3720, 3721, 3730, 3745. 3 Juv. des Ursins, 439, 444. 4 Id. 485. 5 Id. 490. G Monstrelet coolly tells the story thus : — “ Si fut ce jour le jeune ' we have seen at how cheap a rate that was held. Paris, it might be presumed, was better garrisoned and better victualled than most other places, yet the con- dition of that city was wretched in the extreme. A large portion of the houses were in such a ruinous condition that it was necessary for the public safety that they should be pulled down ; and those which were still habitable produced only one-third of the rent at which they had previously been let. 2 It was nearly in a state of blockade ; the English, being masters of the Seine, prevented the arrival of provi- sions by water, and those which were brought by land were frequently intercepted. The inhabitants of Amiens and Beauvais levied an arbitrary toll upon such as passed on their way to the capital. 3 Men, women, and children laid themselves down and died in the street from hunger, and their bodies were left to putrefy. A pestilence followed, and the city was nearly depopulated. 4 § 26. The condition of the rural districts was even yet more distressing. From the Loire to the Seine, and from the Seine to the Somme, the country was a wilderness, 1 “ Multitude* .... in baratrum j “ grassando hostiliter, et prope “ desperationis deducta, et neglecta I “ vesano spiritu agitati . . . .” S. “ animadversione divina et hu- I Denys, vi. 64. “ mana, id solum excogitabat ut i 2 Ordonn. xiii. 47, 50, 135, 174, “ ubique praedas, strages et in- 261,340. “ cendia exerceret sine misericor- ! 3 Ordonn. xi. 115, 116. “ dia .... velut tempestas valida j 4 Juv. des Ursins, 448. d 2 xl PREFACE. no cultivation, no inhabitants. Thomas Basin, bishop of Lisieux, tells us that he was an eye-witness of the state to which at that time France was reduced. From Chartres on the west to the frontiers of ITai- nault on the east, and to the north as far as Abbe- ville, all was a desert. A few patches of cultivated land or vineyard might here and there be seen, but very rarely, and never but in the immediate neigh- bourhood of a castle or a walled town. Whenever the labourer ventured out into this enclosure, a watch- man took his stand upon the watch-tower, that he might blow his horn on the approach of the enemy, never far distant. So familiar had the sound become, so thoroughly was its meaning understood, that even the oxen and the sheep hurried homewards when they heard its first note of warning. 1 Bedford's § 27. It was difficult to grapple with this large reforms, amount of mischief and misery ; difficult to know at what point to begin to deal with it, what remedy to propose, or how to apply it. Our ancestors knew little of what we call political economy ; expe- rience taught them certain plain lessons, and upon these they acted, without attempting to systematise them, or to trace them back to established principles. It is with some surprise, therefore, that we find in the legislation of Bedford the recognition of a policy in advance of the spirit of his age. One of his first acts was to attempt the re-establishment of the cur- rency, which had become entirely disorganized by the acts of his predecessors, acts at once injudicious and ruinous. 2 Bedford fixed a standard of value propor- tionate to the real value of the uncoined metal, and according to this standard he issued a new coinage of o o 1 Hist, de Charles VII. i. 45, 46. [ VII. while dauphin, in the xiii. 2 See instances of the result of I volume of the Ordonn. Preface, this process upon the part of Charles I p. vi. PREFACE. xli gold and silver. He called in the base money with which Fiance was inundated, and he forbade its circu- lation within the English pale. 1 We find him atten- tive to the interests of commerce. He renewed (August 1 424) the privileges granted to the merchants of Oporto who traded to Harfleur ; and the document in which he did so contains the remarkable clause that, in the event of war breaking out between the sovereigns of France, Castille or Portugal, the Portuguese and Spanish merchants shall not be injured either in their persons or their property. 2 He aimed at the ex- tension of trade as well as of commerce. We lind him granting charters to the woollen manufacturers of Beauvais, 3 Rouen, 4 and Evreux, 5 and to the silk workers of Paris. 6 Some of the rules therein laid down contrast favourably with the local legislation of a more modern age. For example; the freemen of Beauvais 7 attempted to prevent strangers from settling among them ; but Bedford decided that all workmen of good character should be invited to take up their abode there, 8 and should participate in the privileges of the new charter. We have here the rudiments of a factory bill for the regulation of the hours of labour ; they were to extend from sunrise to sunset, during one portion of the year, and from six in the morning until six in the evening, during the remainder, with the usual intervals for meals ; 9 equivalent probably to ten hours of actual work. He laid down some 1 In A.D. 1422 he issued no less than six proclamations respecting the coinage, and twelve in 1423. See the Ordonn. vol. xiii. pref. xciv. where the results are shown in a tabular abstract. See also a pro- clamation of Letters of Henry YI. for the settlement of the French currency, dated at Caen, 10 July, 1423, Addit. Chart. 3569. 2 Ordonn. xiii. 58. 3 Id. 52. 4 Id. 55, 74. 5 Id. 77. 6 Id. 108. 7 Id. 52. 5 Id. 53. 9 Id. 54. xlii PREFACE. strict rules affecting the sale of articles of food. A daily inspection of the butcher market by qualified persons is provided for. 1 Cattle which have travelled more than five leagues shall not be slaughtered 2 until they have had one night’s rest, or until the clerk of the market has seen them eat and drink. No cow might be killed until six weeks after the time of her calving ; 3 nor might veal be sold under the age of three weeks. 4 The flesh of diseased animals and putrid meat were to be condemned. 5 The regulations respecting the feeding of swine were most stringent. 6 If these rules were violated, the meat was burnt or given to the dogs, according to circumstances, and the shop of the offender was closed for a year and a da}’. 7 § 28. Among the improvements which the regent endeavoured to introduce are some which affect the tenure and security of landed property in the country, and of house property in Paris, a foreshadowing of the Building Act and the Act for the sale of encum- bered estates. 8 His police regulations for the govern- ment of Paris aimed at the protection of public morality by confining the loose women within one district. 9 He attempted to reform the administration of justice by checking the bribery and intimidation which prevailed in the courts of law, and the cruelty which disgraced the conduct of the gaoler towards his prisoners. 10 Nor was learning forgotten; he con- firmed the extensive privileges already enjoyed by the university of Paris, 11 and founded a sister-esta- 8 Id. 135, 138, 174. 9 Id. 46. 10 The importance attached to this subject may he inferred | from the fact that the Ordonnance j consists of 185 articles. See j Ordonn. xiii. 88. 11 Id. 169j 170. 1 Ordonn. 82. § 8. 2 Id. § 11. 3 Id. 83. § 13. 4 Id. § 14. 5 Id. § 21 % 24. 6 Id. § 17. 7 Id. § 14, 16, 2L PREFACE. xliii blishment at Caen for the study of civil and canon law. 1 § 29. From this outline of the civil administration His want of the duke of Bedford we may form some estimate of success J # arises iron of the nature of his government. His measures show having a him to have possessed a mind of the highest order ; bad cause ' he had perception, moderation, energy, knowledge of the wants of the people, and an honest desire to supply them. We regret to see so much talent and zeal so thoroughly misapplied. Had John duke of Bedford been king of England, instead of regent of France, he would have found at home a legitimate sphere for the exercise of his great talents ; he would certainly have ranked with the wisest, and probably with the most fortunate of our sovereigns. The cir- cum stances in which he was placed ruined all. No talents however great, no integrity however pure, could reasonably expect to accomplish such a mighty wrong as that to which Bedford had pledged himself. The attempt to deprive France of her independence and her nationality, the birthright which God had given her, was an act at once so imprudent and unjust that it must of necessity fail ; and defeat and dis- appointment must be the lot of him who embarked in an undertaking which deserved to be hopeless. § 30. For a time, however, all was prosperous with Battle of the regent, and he appeared to be steadily advancing CraYant - towards his great object, the entire subjugation of France. A few insignificant skirmishes, and the capture of a few unimportant fortresses, without any marked success on either side, prepared the way for a greater effort. Charles found himself sufficiently strong to make the first move. Irritated by the 1 Ordonn. 1 76* xliv PREFACE. treaty of Amiens and conscious of its probable results, he resolved to attack Burgundy. His plans were judicious. He invaded the duchy on its most exposed frontier, that nearest Berri, the province in which the French troops could be most easily assembled, and most securely sheltered, until the moment for action should arrive. They were joined by levies, furnished by Lombardy and Spain. At length .the ortjer was given for their advance, and they marched under the command of Tannegui du Chastel. They laid siege to the fortress of Cravant, 1 a military position too important to be left in the hands of the enemy. The garrison, chiefly English, held out manfully, and Du Chastel applied to the king for a further supply of troops. It happened that at this time reinforcements had arrived from Scotland, and these, burning to meet their hereditary enemies, the English, were immediately despatched. Further supplies were ordered up from a distance ; and it was expected that the junction of these troops, if safely effected, would bring: fifteen thousand soldiers before Cravant, a force more than sufficient to ensure its surrender. 2 § 31. The intelligence surprised and alarmed the dowager duchess of Burgundy, who was resident in the neighbourhood. She despatched letters to her son, then in Picardy, and she urged him and the regent to hasten without a moment's delay to the rescue of the duchy. The danger was pressing. It was doubtful whether the garrison at Cravant could hold out much longer : they had been compelled to evacuate the 1 In the canton of Vermanton, ar- rondissement of Auxerre, and de- partment of Yonne. * S. Remy, p. 468. The Hist. Clironolog. (Godefr. p. 370) says that four hundred Spanish men at arms were despatched by Charles to the siege of Cravant. PREFACE. xtv town, and were now blockaded in the keep of the castle, which might be carried by assault at any moment. Many of them had died from hunger, and the survivors were compelled to eat their horses. 1 If Cravant fell, the whole of Burgundy lay open to the invaders, who might march, almost unchecked, up to the very gates of Dijon. It was with much satis- faction, therefore, that the marshal of Burgundy was informed of the near approach of four thousand chosen English soldiers under the earls of Salisbury and Suffolk, and the lords Willoughby and Scales. These troops joined the Burgundians on July 27th at Auxerre, and on the 29th, having decided upon their course of action, they marched against the enemy. Arriving at Cravant on the morrow, they discovered that the French had entrenched themselves in a position of great natural strength, which they had rendered im- pregnable. To attack them where they stood was madness, to return was impossible. They could not fall back upon Auxerre, for their retreat in that direction was already intercepted by the troops which Charles had summoned from the districts of the Loire. Their only chances of success, nay of escape, was to advance ; they must cross the Yonne or perish. There was no hesitation. Making a detour round the hill occupied by the French, they attempted to throw them- selves into the fortress. Their opponents, anticipating the movement, hastily abandoned their position, and coming down from the higher ground, they lined the banks of the river which the English had yet to cross, and prepared to dispute its passage. § 32. Such was the aspect of affairs on the evening of 30th July, 1423 ; but when the early morning dawned, the position of the two armies had undergone a de- Godefr. p. 370. xlvi PREFACE. cided change. During the night the English had discovered a bridge, which the enemy, by some unpardonable oversight, had neglected either to occupy or destroy. Of this they had taken pos- session. A considerable body of their troops had passed the Yonne, and were already forming upon the open ground which lay under the walls of Cravant. While the French hurried up to check this movement, another division of the English crossed by a ford, reached the bank in safety, and joined their countrymen. They found themselves face to face with the Scottish troops, whom the con- stable, Stuart, had placed in the front rank of Charles’s army. The struggle now began in earnest, and the victory was stubbornly contested. The issue, however, soon became apparent. The besieged garrison sallied forth from the castle, and assailed their late besiegers in the flank. Surprised and terrified, the Spaniards, Gascons, and Lombards fled. Weakened, but not yet defeated, the French and Scotch kept their ground. The latter fought with even more than their usual bravery, and they suffered accordingly. Their leader, the constable, after having lost an eye, was taken prisoner, and three thousand 1 * of their number were left upon the field. The French wavered, scattered and fled. The victory was now complete, and Salis- bury marched in triumph into Cravant. He had not only saved Burgundy from an invasion, but had at the same time crippled the power of Charles in that direction . 3 1 So says S. Remy, p. 468, who probably means men of all arms, whilst Monstrelet, who limits the number to twelve hundred, appears to think only of the heavy-armed troops. See also Hist. Chronol. (Godefr. p. 370). 2 See S. Remy, eh. cxxv. Mon- str. ii. x. Plancher, Hist, de Bourg. iv. 74, appears to have had access to information which I have not been able to trace to any authority, printed or manuscript. PREFACE. xlvii §33. Defeated in Burgundy, Charles was successful' Battle of in Bretagne and N6rmandy, the points at which it was Verneui1 ' most essential to his ultimate success that he should exhibit energy and enterprise. If the English could be beaten in their own quarters, could not they be beaten elsewhere ? They met with a considerable check at Mont S. Michel, which defied all their efforts, though vigorously assailed by sea and land. Not contented with acting upon the defensive, the Bretons attacked our navy, which blockaded the en- trance of the harbour, and having compelled it to withdraw from its position, they threw reinforcements into the garrison. 1 This success, however, was of little real advantage, for it served only to inspire hopes which were speedily crushed by the battle of Vemeuil 2 (17th August 14)24). This second Azin- court cost France more than four thousand of her best soldiers, 3 and demoralized the survivors. No more troops could be raised in the terror-stricken provinces. Scotland had made a last generous effort for her ancient ally, and it had failed. Charles was no 'longer safe in Bourges, and he debated with him- self whether it would not be best at once to abandon a conflict which Heaven appeared to have decided against him. The prize was within Bedford’s reach : he had but to put forth his hand and grasp it. Yet France was saved; saved too by an English- man, and that Englishman was the regent’s own brother. § 34. Throughout the whole of his career Humphry, Humphry, ^ o • L ^ duke of duke of Gloucester, shows himself to have been defi- Gloucester, 1 Chronique de la Pucelle, 219 ; Morice, Preuves, ii. 1143. 2 In the arrondissement of Evreux (Eure). 3 S. Remy 470, says that the slain amounted to 5,000 men, of -whom more than half were Scots. Monstrelet (ii. xx. ) calculates them as between 4,000 and 5,000. xlviii PREFACE. marries Jacqueline of Holland. cient in those qualities which the duke of Bedford possessed in such an eminent degree, temper and dis- cretion. He involved himself in a personal quarrel with the duke of Burgundy, whom he injured and insulted, and thus weakened the alliance upon the stability of which, as Henry the Fifth had pre- dicted, the success of the English arms chiefly depended. The breach was too wide to be healed ; all that could be done was to hide its extent. Bed- ford made every effort to appease the quarrel between his incensed ally and his unmanageable brother, but he experienced the proverbially hard fate of peace- makers ; without benefiting them he injured himself. The results of this quarrel are sufficiently important to require a detailed narrative of its origin and pro- gress. § 35. Bordering upon the wide possessions of the duke of Burgundy lay the duchies of Holland and Hain- ault. Their geographical position rendered them of the utmost importance to that house, always so eager to ex- tend its boundary. In the year 1 417, William count of Hainault died, leaving a daughter, Jacqueline, the sole heiress of his estates. The fortunes of this young countess were remarkable. No time was lost in securing her for the dauphin John, son of Charles the Sixth ; but lie died shortly after the marriage. 1 On the death of her husband, Charles added the comte of Ponthieu, together with extensive lands contiguous to Burgundy, to the wide possessions of the widow. 2 The first suitor for the hand of the wealthy girl-dowager was the bishop of Liege, her own uncle, who had obtained a dispensation enabling him to enter into 1 The marriage took place at | same town 4 April, 1417. Id. vi. Compiegne, 29 June, 1416. S- I 60. Denys, iii. 395. He died in the l 2 S. Denys, vi. 60. PREFACE. xlix the holy estate of matrimony. 1 2 Probably she had no great difficulty in refusing the hand of this venerable ecclesiastic; at all events, in April 1418 she married her cousin, John duke of Brabant,* the nephew of the duke of Burgundy, who favoured the alliance, in the belief that Brabant and Hainault would soon lapse into his keeping by the death of the bridegroom, a sickly and intirin lad of sixteen. The duke and duchess of Brabant were an ill-assorted couple : he was puny, lank, and effeminate ; she was a high-spirited woman, full of animal life and gaiety. 3 She soon tired of him, and sought the usual remedy, a divorce, upon the plea that they were cousins-german. 4 The application was fruitless ; but she took the matter into her own hands. Wearied with the reproaches and complaints of her husband and the unpalatable advice of her aunt, the duchess-dowager of Burgundy, she paid a long and unwelcome visit to her mother, who entreated her to return to her husband. Instead of doin O Primierement, vous jurez et promettez que a nous, the oath of comrne a roy de France et Dangleterre, et a noz t^Henry 6 heirs, perpetuelment, et a noz mandamentz et co- VI. mandementz, vous entendres et obeirs liumblement, loyaument, et diligentment, en toutes chouses tou- chans et concernans le guouvernement et regime du dit royaume de France, et de la chose publique dicellui. Item, que vous seres noz loyaux homes lieges et vrays subgiez et de noz hoirs perpetuelment, et nous, comme votre souverain seigneur et vray roy de France, sans opposition, contradiction ou difficulte aures, rece veres et obeyres ; et que jamays a nul autre, comme a roy de France, nobeyres, sinon a nous et a nos dits hoirs. Item, que vous ne seres en ayde, conseil, ne consentement que nous pardions la vie ou menbre, ou soyons prins de mauvise prinse, ne que nous souffrions dommaige ou diminucion en noz personne, estat, honneur, ou chouses quelzconques ; mais si vous First, you swear and promise that to us, as king of France and England, and to our heirs perpetually, and to our directions and commands, you will attend and obey, humbly, loyally, and diligently, in all things touching and concern- ing the government and rule of the said kingdom of France, and of the public good of the same. Item, that you will be our loyal liegemen, and true sub- jects, and of our heirs perpetually, and that you will accept, receive, and obey us as your sovereign lord and true king of France, without opposition, contradiction, or difficulty; and that you will never obey any other as king of France, except ourselves and our said heirs. Item, that you will not give aid, counsel, or consent, that we lose life or member, or be taken by stratagem, or that we should suffer harm or injury in our person, estate, honour, or in anything whatsoever ; but if you know or A 2 4 LETTERS AND PAPERS : scuiez ou congnoyssez aucune chose estre 1 contre nous pensee, ou machinee, vous lempeclieres en toute, comme vous pouries, efc par vous messaiges ou lettres nous faces assavoir le plustost que faire le porres. Et generaument, vous jurez que sans dol, fraude, et mal engin vous guarderes et observeres, et feirs guarder et observer, toutes les chouses, poins et arti- cles contenuz es lettres et appointementz de la dite paix fecte, accorde et juree entre nos dits feux seig- neur, ayeul et pere, sans jamais en juigement ne dehors, directement ou indirectement, publiquement ou secretement, par quelconque coleur ou voye que se soyt ou puist estre, venir, ou faire venir, ou consen- ts estre fait, ou contrayre des choses, articles et poins dessus dis. Mais en toutes manieres et voyes possibles, tant de fait comme de droyt, resisteres a tous ceulx qui vendront, ou attempteront, ou sefforceront de faire venir ou attempter, alencontre des chouses, be aware of there being any such against us, thought or planned, you will hinder it in all that you may, and by your messengers or letters, you will let us know as soon as you shall be able. And generally, you will swear that, without guile, fraud, and subtilty, you will keep and observe, and cause to be kept and observed, all things, points, and articles con- tained in the letters and appointments of the said peace, made, agreed, and sworn to between our said late lords, our grandfather and father, without ever, in judgment or with- out, directly or indirectly, publicly or secretly, by any color or way that may be, or might be, contravening or causing to be contravened, or consenting that aught be done contrary to any of the things, articles, and points above mentioned. But in all possible ways and means, as well by deed as by right, you will resist all those who oppose or attempt to oppose, or 1 Chose estre] The ISIS, reads “ chose, chouse, estre. 1 HENRY THE SIXTH. 5 articles efc poins dessus diz, ou aucun diceulx. Les quclx serementz nous voulons, commandons efc enjoig- nons expressemenfc a fcous noz subgiez de noz diz pays de Languedac et conte de Bigorre, fcanfc eccle- siastiques comme seculiers, de quelque esfcafc, dignite, noblesse efc condicion quilz soient, quilz les jurent ; et la dicte paix fceingnenfc et guardent sereraenfc efc invi- olablement, sans enfraindrc en quelque raaniere que ce soyfc. Efc sacuns sont refusans, confcredisans ou en demeure de ce faire, nous voulons que a ce les con- tinigues, et en cas de rebellion ou obsfcination les punissez efc corriges fcellemenfc que ce soifc cxeniple a fcous autres ; de ce faire vous donnons povoir, auc- fcorite et mandement especial. Mandons et comandons a fcous noz justices, olliciers et subgiez, que a vous efc a voz counnis efc deputez en ce faisanfc, obeissenfc efc en- tendent diligenfcemenfc, efc vous prestent efc donnent conseil, conforte, efc ayde, se mestre esfc, efc requis en sonfc. busy themselves to thwart or attempt any of the things, articles, and points above mentioned, or any of these. The which oaths we desire, command, and enjoin expressly to all our subjects of our said lands of Languedoc and comte of Bigorre, as well ecclesiastics as seculars, of whatever estate, dignity, rank, and condition they may be, that they swear; and that they hold, and keep faithfully and inviolably the said peace, without violating it in any way whatever. And if any refuse, gainsay, or demur about doing this, we will that these be con- strained thereto, and, in case of rebellion or obstinacy, that you punish, and correct them, so that this may be an example to all others ; and to this we give power, authority, and especial command. We order and command all our justices, officers, and subjects, that to you and to your commissioners and deputies in doing this, they obey and diligently give heed, and lend and give you counsel, comfort, and aid, if need be, and they be thereto required. 6 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. A.D. 1423. 18 April. Commis- sion to various persons, Donne a Amiens, le xviij. jour Davril, lan de grace mil, cccc. et xxiij. apres Pasques, et de notre regne le premier. Par le roy a la relacion du grant conseil tenu par monseigneur le regent le royaume de France et due de Bedfort, et ou quel messeig- neurs les dues de Bourgoigne, de Bretaigne, et de Tourayne, vous le patriarche de Constan- tinople, evesque de Paris, les evesques de Tournay, de Therouaine, de Nantes, Damiens, et de Beauvays, et plusours autres estoyent. 1423 . Commission to tlie count de Longueville and others, to inspect the troops raised in France for the ser- vice of Henry the Sixth . 1 Henry, par la grace de Dieu roy de France et Dangleterre, a notre tres elder et feal cousin le conte Given at Amiens, the xviij. day of April in the year of grace One thousand four hundred and twenty-three, after Easter, and the first of our reign. By the king, at the relation of the grand council held by my lord the regent of the kingdom of France and duke of Bedford, and at which were present my lords the dukes of Burgundy, of Brittany, and of Touraine, you the patriarch of Constantinople, the bishop of Paris, the bishops of Tournay, of Terouainne, of Nantes, of Amiens, and of Beauvais, and many others. Henry, by the grace of God, king of France and England, to our very dear and faithful cousin the Count of Longue- 1 From the contemporary copy in the MS. Colbert, 8387-4, fob 19, b. HENBY THE SIXTH. 7 cie Longueville, captal de Buch, Johan Radclyf, che- valier, naguere connestable de Bourdeaux et a present notre seneschal de Guienne, et a notre ame et feal secretaire maistre Pierre Ginault, recteur de la port an- tique de notre ville de Montpellier, salut et dilection. Comme par ladvis et deliberacion de notre tres cher reciting et tres ame oncle Johan, regent notre royaume de havVbeen 8 France, et due de Bedford, et nos tres chier et tres ame raised in oncles et cousins Philipe due de Bourgongne et J ohan andlfigorre. due de Bretaigne, et de notre tres cher et tres ame cousin Artur due de Touraine, et de plusieurs autres de notre grant conseil, nous ayons bailie, charge et retenue a notre tres cher et feal cousin le conte de Foix, gouverneur depar nous de noz pays de Languedoc et conte de Biguorre, de mil homines darmes et de mil homes de trait montans, pour tout a mil et sinq eens payez dommes darmes, ou autre tel nombre de gens darmes et de trait au dessus que mestre sera, et ville, Captal de Buch, Johan liadclyf, knight, lately con- stable of Bourdeaux, and at present our seneschal of Guienne, and to our beloved and faithful secretary master Pierre Ginault, governor of the ancient port of our town of Montpellier, greeting and love. Since by the advice and deliberation of our very dear and very well beloved uncle John, regent of our kingdom of France, and duke of Bedford, and our very dear and very well beloved uncles and cousins Philip duke of Burgundy and John duke of Bretaigne, and of our very dear and much beloved cousin Arthur duke of Touraine, and of many others of our grand council, we have granted, charged and retained to our very dear and faithful cousin the count de Foix, governour for us of our country of Languedoc and comte of Biguore, from a thousand men-at-arms and a thousand mounted archers, up to a thousand and five hundred paid men-at-arms, or such other greater number of men-at-arms and archers as shall be needed, and to employ them in our service, 8 LETTERS AND PAPERS*. and giving authority to muster and review the same. les employer en notre service a recouver, reduyre et mettre en notre obeissance, noz diz pays de Languedoc et conte de Biguorre, et resister tant a cellui qui se dit Daulphin, on roy de France, comme a autres a nous rebelles, deshobeissans, ennemis et adversaires, et pour voyr et recevoir les monstres, veues et reveues des dites gens darmes, soyt besoing de pourveoir et commettre pour nous aucunes notables personnes a nous feables ; Nous, confians a plain de voz loyaultez et bonnes diligences, et par lad vis et deliberacion que dessus, vo us avons commis et ordennez, commettons et ordennons par ces presentes, ou les deux de vous, a prendre et recevoir les monstres et reveues des dictes gens darmes et de trait. Si vous mandons et enjoignons expressement que vous receves les dictes monstres pour la premiere foys, et que vous, notre dit secretaire, receves les reveues de la en avant des dictes gens darmes et de trait di- cellui notre cousin, en leur faisant faire les serements in order to recover, reduce and bring into our obedi- ence our said country of Languedoc and comte of Bi- guorre, and to resist as well him who calls himself Dauphin, or king of France, as others who are rebellious and dis- obedient to us, our enemies and adversaries, and to see and receive the . musters, inspections, and reviews of the said men-at-arms, should there be need to provide and com- mission for us any notable personages who are faithful to us ; We, trusting entirely to your loyalty and good dili- gence, and by the advice and deliberation mentioned above, have commissioned and ordained you, and do commission and appoint you, by these presents, or two of you, to take and receive the musters and reviews of the said men- at-arms mid archers. Therefore we command and enjoin you expressly that you receive the said musters for the first time, and that you, our said secretary, receive the reviews from that time onwards, of the said men-at-arms and archers of our cousin, by causing them to take the oaths that they will HENRY THE SIXTH. 9 quil nous serviront ben et loyaument en la compaignie de notre dit cousin, alencontre du dit soy disant Daulphin, ou roy de France, ses alliez, adherens et complisses, et quilz ne se partiront de la compaignie de notre dit cousin sans son congie ; aincois luy obeiront commc a nous, se en personne y estions, et autres seremens en tel cas appertenans et acoustimiez. En nous certiffians souffisamment de ce que fait en avies, et renvoyant les dictes monstres et reveues feablement closes et scellees soubz vous seaulx, en la maniere acoustumee. De ce faire vous donnons povoir, aucto- rite et mandement especial. Mandons et commandons a notre dit cousin, et aus dictes gens darmes et de trayt de sa compaignie, et autres a qui il appartendra, que a vous, ou a deux de vous, pour la premiere monstre, et a vous notre dit secretaire pour les reveues, es choscs dessus dictes, circonstances et deppendentes dicelles, obeissent et entendent diligentement. serve us well and loyally in the company of our said cousin in opposition to the said self-styled Dauphin, or king of France, his allies, adherents and accomplices, and that they will not depart from the company of our said cousin without his permission ; but will be as obedient to him as to ourselves, if we were there in person, and such other oaths as are in such case appertaining and accus- tomed. Certifying us sufficiently of what you have done herein, and sending back the said musters and reviews faithfully closed and sealed under your seals, in the manner accustomed. And this to do we give you power, authority, and especial command. We charge and command our said cousin and the said men-at-arms and archers of his com- pany, and others whom it shall concern, that to you, or to two of you, for the first muster, and to our said secre- tary for the reviews, in the things above mentioned, and their circumstances and dependencies, they obey and give heed diligently. 10 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Date. A.D. 1424. Nov. Monstrelet states how he was Donne a Amiens, le xviij. jour Davril, lan de grace mil, cccc, et xxiij. apres Pasques, et de notre regne le premier. Par le roy, a la relation du grant conseil tenu par mosseigneur le regent le royaume de France, et due de Bedford, et ouquel messeigneurs les dues de Bourgongne, de Bretaigne et de Tou- raine vous le patriarch e de Constantin noble, evesque de Paris, les evesques de Tournay, de Tlierouuane, de Nantes, Damiens, et de Beauvays, et plusieurs autres estoient. 1424. Pardon granted upon the petition of Enguerran de Monstrelet to be exempt from the penalties in- curred by him in having joined in plundering- certain merchants . 1 Henry, par le grace de Dieu roy de France et Dan- gieterre. Savoir faisons a tous presens et avenir nous Given at Amiens, the xviij. day of April, the year of grace One thousand, cccc. and xxiij. after Easter, and of our reign the first year. By the king, at the report of the great council held by my lord the regent of the kingdom of France and duke of Bedford, and at which the following noblemen, the dukes of Burgundy, of Bretagne, and of Touraine, you the patriarch of Constantinople, the bishop of Paris, the bishops of Tournay, of Therounane, of Nantes, of Amiens, and of Beau- vais, and many others were present. Henry, by the grace of God, king of France and of England. We make known to all men, present and to 1 From the contemporary copy in the Register, clxxiii., fol. 6, b, in the Archives de la France, HENRY THE SIXTH. 11 avoir este humblement expose, de la partie de Enguer- induced to ran de Monstrelet, cappitaine du chastel de Freneuch l oin . 11 . expedition pour nostre tres chier et tres ame cousin le conte de against Saint Pol. comme, environ le mois de Fevrier, lan certa J n mil, iiij e . xxij. (ou quel temps les villes de Crotoy, Nou- believing- velle, Rue, et Maisons lez Pontieu, tenoient parti con- ^miSiacs traire a nous, desquelles villes issoit souvent pluseurs gens darmes Armignaz, pour aler aiguise et es mettes demurer, et passorent parmy les pais obeissans a nous), un nomme Jelian le Sergent, parent du dit Enguer- ran, feust venu au dit chastel de Freneuch pour le veoir, et arriva avec lui Jehan de Molliens, qui long temps a suy les guerres de nous et de nostre tres chier et tres ame cousin le due de Bourgoigne, et jeuient la nuitie au dit chastel de Freneuch, et landemain au matin le dit Jehan de Molliens dist au dit Enguerran ; “ Enguerran, se vous voulez estre prest vous iij . quant “ vous manderay, je vous feray gangnier bon bustin come, that it has been humbly stated to us, upon the part of Enguerran de Monstrelet, captain of the castle of Fre- neuch for our very dear and much-beloved cousin, the count de Saint Pol, how, about the month of February, in the year One thousand iiij c xxij. (at which time the towns of Crotoy, Nou velle, Rue, and Maisons lez Pontieu, took part against us, from which towns issued often many men- at-arms, Armignacs, to lay in ambush and to tarry upon the borders, and who passed through the provinces which were obedient to us), one named Jehan le Sergent, a re- lation of the said •Enguerran, came to the said castle of Freneuch to see him, and there came with him Jehan des Molliens, who for a long time has followed our wars and those of our very dear and much-beloved cousin the duke of Burgundy, and they lay that night at the said castle of Freneuch, and on the morrow, in the morning, the said Jehan de Molliens said to the said Enguerran, “ Enguerran, if you will be ready, three of you, when I 44 summon you, I will cause you to gain good bootv and 12 LETTERS AND PAPERS: “ et cle bonne prise, car jay aucuns qui sonfc mes foi- “ bles qni rnont promis de moy livrer Armignaz, “ portans grans finances dor et dargent ” et le dit Enguerran lui respondit quil seroit tout prest, et quil lui fist savoir de jour. Et environ six ou huit jours apres, revint le dit Molliens parler au dit Enguerran, et lui dist quil avoit parle a son homme, nomine Colinet de Grant Champ, dit Leseliopier, et quil seroit heure du partir au bout de deux jours ; et dist le dit Molliens quil orroit certains nouvelles a Lisle. Et sur ce parti le dit Enguerran, Guillim Croix son frere, et Jacob de Croiseites son varlet, et le dit Molliens, lui ij e ., et alerent droit a Lisle, et la vint le dit Colinet de Grant Champ et dist au dit Molliens et Enguerran que ceulx qui queroient passeroient a venir de Guise a Tournay, et de Tournay au Pont a Vendun, et de la au Crotoy, ou es places ennemis dentour. Et fut par les dis Molliens, Enguerran, et Colinet conclud “ of good value, for I have some who are faithful to me “ who have promised to deliver up some Armignacs to “ me, who are carrying great sums of gold and silver;” and the said Enguerran answered him that he would be quite ready, and that he should let him know the day. And about six or eight days after, the said Molliens re- turned to speak to the said Enguerran, and said to him that he had spoken to his man, named Colinet de Grant Champ, called Leseliopier, and that it would be time to set out at the end of two days ; and the said Molliens said that he would hear certain tidings at Lisle. And thereupon the said Enguerran, Guillim Croix, his brother, and Jacob de Croiseites, his varlet, and the said Molliens, he being the second, went forth, and came straight to Lisle, and thither came the said Colinet de Grant Champ, and said to the above-named Molliens and Enguerran that those whom they sought would pass on their road from Guise to Tournay, and from Tournay to Pont a Vendun, and from thence to Crotoy, or to the neighbouring places which were hostile. And it was decided by the said Molliens, Enguerran, and HENRY THE SIXTH. 13 que le (lit Colinet les yroit garder, et il les attendroit au Pont de Wendin. Et au second jour, ou environ, vindrent passer ceulx how the mesmes, et le dit Colinet, avec quil fist les signes tels merchants que diz estoient, et tantost eulx passez, le dit Mol - pillaged; liens et le dit Enguerran et leurs gens vinrent montez a cheval, et a deraie lieue du dit pont les vindrent rataindre et destrousser de iiij. a v. c. escuz dor, et avec ce leur osterent pluseurs bouges, esquelles il avoit pluseurs menues besoingnes, et leur decopperent leurs sangles et brides. Et lors ceste chose ainsi faite, vin- drent chevauchier les dis Enguerran et Molliens vers Saint Pol, et environ de iiij. a six lieues partirent leur bustin, et sen ala cliacun ou bon lui sembla. Et quant est du dit Enguerran, it tira au chastel de Freneucli, dont il estoit capitaine. Et au bout de viij. jours apres vint Colart Janglet, how, find • qui avoit espousee la suer du dit Colinet Eschoppier, been 1 G deceived, Colinet, that the said Colinet should go to watch them, and that lie should wait for them at Pont de Wendin. And on the second day, or thereabouts, those same per- sons came to pass them, and the said Colinet, with whom he made signals, such as had been agreed upon, and pre- sently, when they had passed, the said Molliens and the said Enguerran, and their men came mounted on horseback, and at half a league from the said bridge came up with them, and stopped them, and rifled them of from iiij. to v. c. crowns of gold, and along with that they took from them several boxes, in the which there were several small necessaries, and they cut their girths and bridles. And when this business was thus done, the said Enguerran and Molliens went riding towards Saint Pol, and at about from iiij. to six leagues olf they divided their booty, and each one went whither it seemed good to him. And as for the said Enguerran, he made for the castle of Freneuch, of which he was captain. And about viij. days after came Colart Janglet, who had married the sister of the said Colinet Eschoppier, to the 14 LETTERS AND PAPERS: au dit chastel de Frenach devers le dit Enguerran, et lui dist comment le dit Colinet avoit fait destroncier Jehan le Vaasseur, son beau frere, et iij. ou iiij. mer- chans Dabbeville ; et dist au dit Enguerran quil estoit renomme de y avoir este. Et lors le dit Enguerran lui dist la verite, et comment le dit Molliens et le dit Colinet, son beau frere, lui avoient donne a entendre que ceux estoient des places ennemis a nous ; et non obstant se le dit Molliens et le dit Colinet lui avoient donne bourdes a entendre, et que se ilz nestoient de bonne prise, il estoit prest, se il lavoit mauvaisement pris de bien, rendre, et que ceulx qui avoient fait ceste parte ne se soussaissent de ce que le dit En- guerran, son frere et varlet, en avoient eu, et que ilz ne perdroient riens. Et apres ce feust Hue le Sergent, parent du dit Enguerran, et Celart Janglet alez a Ligny sur Canclie, et le dit Enguerran avecques eulx, et la lui desirent said castle of Frenach, to the said Enguerran, and told him how the said Colinet had plundered Jehan le Vaasseur, his brother-in-law, and iij. or iiij. merchants of Abbeville, and he told the said Enguerran that it was reported that he had been there. And then the said Enguerran told him the truth, and how the said Molliens and the said Colinet, his brother-in-law, had given him to understand that those persons were from places which were at enmity with us ; and, notwithstanding this, if the said Molliens and the said Colinet had beguiled him, and if they had not made a lawful prize, he was ready, if he had wrongly taken any goods, to restore them, and that they who had sustained this loss should not take to heart what the said Enguerran, his brother, and his varlet had had of it, and that they should lose nothing. And after this, Hue le Serjent, the relation of the said Enguerran, and Celart Jonglet went to Ligny-sur- Canche, and the said Enguerran with them, and there they HENRY THE SIXTH. 15 quilz estoient mauvaisement traihiz, et que ceulx que on avoit destrousse estoient de la ville Dabbe- ville ; et lors le dit Enguerran fnt de ce grandement courrouce, et dist qnil courrouceroit le dit Molliens et le dit Coline t, qui se Ini avoient donne a enten- dre. Et depuis ce fut mande Jehan le Vaasseur, Jehan he makes Brunet, et ceulx qui ceste perte avoient faite, par restltutl01 h le dit Hue le Sergent, et vindrent a Arras, et la fut le dit Enguerran parler a ceulx, et conclud iceliui Enguerran de eulx recompenser ; et que lui, son frere et varlet, en avoient en dout, le dit Jehan le Vaasseur et le dit Brunet dirent, present le dit Hue le Sergent ; “ Enguerran, nous sommes bien " acertenez que vous avez este trahy en ce vous a “ fait le dit Jehan de Molliens, et faitz bien pour “ votre descharge de prendre le dit Molliens, et le “ nous livrer.’' Et adonc le dit Enguerran dist aux told him that they had been foully cheated, and that those persons who had been robbed were from the town of Abbeville; and then the said Enguerran was greatly en- raged, and said that he would punish the said Molliens and the said Colinet, who had given him to understand this. And after this, Jehan le Vaasseur, Jehan Brunet, and those who had sustained this loss, were summoned by the said Hue le Serjent, and they came to Arras, and there the said Enguerran caused them to be spoken to, and the same Enguerran determined to re-emburse them ; and because he, his brother, and varlet had some fear thereof, the said Jehan le Vaasseur and the said Brunet said, in the presence of the said Hue le Serjent, “Enguerran, we “ are well assured that you have been cheated in what “ the said Jehan de Molliens has done to you, and you “ would do well for your clearance to seize the said Molliens “ and deliver him up to us.” And then the said Enguerran 16 LETTERS AND PAPERS : clessus dit quil le prendroit de bon cuer, et mettra grant peine de a eulx le livrer. Et depnis fut le dit Enguerran bien acompaigne en la maison du dit Molliens pour le prendre et livrer au dit Yaasseur et Brunet ; mais il sailli par une petite fenestre et sen fouy, et ne la depuis le dit Enguerran peu prendre, combien quil sen est mis ou grant peine. Et depuis toutes ces crioses ainsi faites, fut traictie par Jehan de Maille, feu parent du dit Enguerran, a Abbeville, aus dits Jehan le Yaasseur, Jehan Brunet et autres, que pour tout ce que le dit Enguerran, Guilleum son frere, et Jacob son varlet, avoient eu, furent les dits merchans recompensez tout plainement, et passa le dit Jehan le Yaasseur lettres obligatoires royaulx, lui faisant fort de tous ceulx qui parte avoient eu a ceste besoingne, et en quitta le dit Enguerran, son dit frere et varlet, promettants de eulx en jamais poursuit, en disant quil estoit said to the persons above named that he would lay hold on him willingly, and would take great pains to deliver him up to them. And afterwards the said Enguerran, being well accompanied, was in the house of the said Molliens, to take him and give him up to the said Yaasseur and Brunet; but he leaped out by a little window and fled away, and since that time the said Enguerran has not been able to seize him, although he has put himself to much trouble. And since all these things were thus done, it was ar- ranged by Jehan de Maille, deceased, the relation of the said Enguerran, at Abbeville, with the above-named Jehan le Yaasseur, Jehan Brunet, and others, that for all that the said Enguerran, Guilleum his brother, and Jacob his varlet, had had, the said merchants should be fully and perfectly re-embursed; and the said Jehan le Yaasseur passed royal letters obligatory, making him free from all those persons whe had taken part in this affair, and acquitted the said Enguerran of it, his said brother and varlet, promising that he would never prosecute them on account of it, saying HENRY THE SIXTH. 17 deux bien recompense. Mais non obstant toutes les clioses ainsi faites, a este faite informacion par noz officers des cboses dessus dits; pour la quelle chose le dit Enguerran doubte que notre procureur, ou autres, le veullent de ce poursuir, qui serroit en son grant prejudice. Et nous humblement supplie que, attendu que le dit Enguerran cuidoit certainement que les clioses dessus dit ainsi prises feussent a noz ennemis, et ainsi lui avoit este donne a entendre, et que quant la verite est venue a sa congnoissance il a restitue ce que lui, ses dis freres, et varlet en avoient eu, et se sont les dis merchans tenuz pour contens, comme dit est ; — Nous sur ce vueillons au dit En- guerran notre grace et misericorde impartir. Pourquoy nous, ces clioses considerees, et attendu les bons et aggreables services faiz a nous et a notre dit cousin de Bourgoigne par le dit Enguerran en noz guerres, et autrement, et esperons 1 que face ou temps avenir, that lie was well repaid by them. But, notwithstanding all the things thus done, information has been given by our officers as to the matters above-mentioned ; in consequence of which the said Enguerran is afraid that our proctor, or others, will prosecute him for this, which would be to his great prejudice. And he humbly prays us that, considering that the said Enguerran believed truly that the things above-mentioned which he had thus taken belonged to our enemies, and he had been given to understand as much, and that when the truth came to his knowledge, he has restored what he, his said brother, and his varlet had received of it, and that the said merchants hold themselves satisfied, as is said, — we would be pleased on this account to impart our grace and mercy to the said Enguerran. Wherefore, these things considered, and having regard to the good and acceptable services done to us and to our said cousin of Burgundy by the said Enguerran in our wars, and otherwise, and hoping that he may do the like 1 Esperons ] So the MS. but we should probably read Esperans. VOL. T. b and peti- tions for pardon, which is granted. 18 LETTERS AND PAPERS : au dit Enguerran de Monstrelet 1 ou cas dessus dis, avons remis, quitte et parclonne, remettons, quittons et pardonnons, de notre grace especial, plaine puis- sance, et amite royal, le fait et cas dessus dit, avec toute peine, amende et offense, corporelle, criminelle, et civile, en quoy il puet estre encourie envers nous et justice pour occasion des clioses dessus dits. Et le remettons et restituons a sa bonne fame et renomme au pais, et a ses biens non confisquez, satisfacion faite a partie com[p]laignant tant seulement, se faite nest, et aucun en y a qui se plaigne, et sur ce im- posons silence perpetuel a notre procureur. Si don- nons en mandement par ces patentes aux bailli Damiens et seneschal de Pontieu, et a touz noz autres justices et officers, ou a leurs lieuxtenants presens et avenir, et ad chacun deulx, sicome a lui appertient, que de notre presente grace et remission in time to come, we have remitted, acquitted, and pardoned, and do remit, acquit, and pardon, to the said Enguerran de Monstrelet in the case above mentioned, of our special grace, full power, and royal friendship, the deed and case above mentioned, with all penalty, fine, and offence, corporal, cri- minal, and civil, in which he may be held towards us and justice by occasion of the things above mentioned. And we replace and restore him to his good fame and renown in the land, and to his goods not confiscated, satisfaction being made only to the party complaining, if it be not done, and to any one who has cause to complain therein ; and in this matter we impose perpetual silence ou our proctor. And so we give in command by these patents to the bayliff of Amiens, and to the seneschal of Pontieu, and to all our other justices and officers, or to their lieutenants, present and to come, and to each of them as it appertains to him, that they cause, suffer, and allow the said Enguerran to 1 De Monstrelet] Written above the line. 1.0 HENRY the stxth. facenfc seuffrer et laisser le Ait tt user paisiblement sans l e mn i t ngUe . n ’ an . J0uir et empeschier no snuff’ * i ° es ^ e^, travel lli er ou mon 1 son corps e t ses bi ’iT*' ' " maniei ‘ e ; cuns en sont DO ur ™ • ! 10n C0nhs( iuez, se au- iui s t uTr , p ■ *■ i,m t™r„ t; tr K S; z ‘ : ££ Donne a Paris, ou mois de Novembre lan do mil, cccc. xxiiii e t do „,i , re * lan tle grace Dafc J -’ et de notre regne le tiers. Ain.si signe, Par le roy, a la relation du conseil, G. Ferrebone. him to lie molefted tro ^’s "T'"' 1 ""* him, nor suffer goods, i„ anTmatL ,; ?; °J body or in not confiscated, have been ti ■ 18 0< ^ 01 an T kls goods, or arrested, they must n-i ve J* 8 acc0unt taken > seized, levied, without delay, Ml deliverance thereof * 'V'™* *° him, this may be a tliino- firm . i 111 or der that caused our seal to he placed to \L ° f °* eV ° r ’ "” e have a- other things our ^ the ^ our reitrn. ’ V’’ anc ^ 111 the third of Thus signed - th ° feing ’ at *0 report of the Council, Gr. FERREBONE. 1 Mon ] So the MS. We should probably read Mais, as at p. 3, B 2 20 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1425 . Letter from Margaret, countess of Douglas, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, claiming the third part of the duchy of Touraine . 1 AD. 1425 . Tres hault et tres puissant prince, et mon tres re- i4Maj. ge ig neurj J e me recommende tres humblement a vostre tres noble grace : et plaise a vostre roial ma- duchess ° . ‘ takes ad- geste a scavoir que le roy Descoce, mon souveram vantage of seingneur et nepveu, a enchargie son chancell ier et an embassy ° 1 ° . . from Scot- ambassadoure, mon tres chier cousin le sire de Crych- land to toune, pour aucuns de sez grans affaires dedens vostre tres noble excellence, et entre lez aultres, pour vous exposer le fait de mon droit, que me devoit appartenir, de la tierce partie de la duchie de Touraine, et des rentes et revenuz dicelle, du temps passe et avenir, par raison de monsieur mon mary to urge her (que Dieu pardonne), le feux due de Touraine. En the third vous suppliant tres humblement de vostre benigne part of the grace quaudit chancellere vueilliez donner gracieuse [Translation.] Most high and mighty prince and my much dreaded lord, I commend myself most humbly to }our very noble grace, and may it please your royal majesty to know that the king of Scotland, my sovereign lord and nephew, has entrusted his chancellor and ambassador, my very dear cousin the lord of Crychtoune, with some of his great affairs with your very noble excellency, and amongst others to make known to you the matter of my right which ought to belong to me, of the third part of the duchy of Tou- raine, and of the rents and revenues of the same, for the time past and future, by reason of my lord my husband (whom God forgive), the late duke of Touraine. Suppli- cating you very humbly that of your gentle grace you will be pleased to give a gracious audience to the said chancellor, From the original in the MS. Daluze, 9987-3, No. 4. HENRY THE SIXTH. 21 audience, et adjoustere plaine foy de tout ce quil vous dira depar moy, et luy baillier bonne expedicioune de response de mes sus dictes droitz, tant du temps passer que de venir ; veu et considere comment je les ay bien chierement achates du sane de inon dit seigneur mon mary et de mes enfans en votre service. Tres liault et tres puissant prince et mon tres re- doubte seigneur, le Saint Esprit vous ait en sa sainte garde, et vous doint bonne vie et longue, et accom- plissement de ce que vostre tres noble cuere desire. Escript a Douglas, le xiiij. jour de May. Vostre tres humble et obeissante cousine, Margarite, Duchesse de Touraine, contesse de Douglas, etc. (Dwso.) A tres liault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, le roy de France, mon tres redoubte seingneur, etc . 1 mid place full faith in all that he shall say to you on my behalf, and grant him a good and speedy reply concerning my above-mentioned rights, as well for the time past as for that to come; seeing and considering how veiy dearly I have bought them by the blood of my said lord my hus- band and of my children in your service. Very high and mighty prince, and my much dreaded lord, may the Holy Spirit have you in His holy keeping, and give you a good and long life, and the fulfilment of what your most noble heart desires. Written at Douglas, the xiiij. day of May. Your very humble and obedient cousin, Margaret, Duchess of Touraine, countess of Douglas, &c. {Dorso.) To the very high, very excellent, and very powerful prince, king of France, my much dreaded lord, &c. duchy of Touraine. Date. 1 The whole of this letter is written, in a clerk’s hand, upon paper, of which the water-mark is a bird, apparently a hawk, standing, with folded wings. 22 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1426. 17 January. Receipt. 1425-6. Receipt for 2801. 14s. 7 paid to the Receiver-General of the Finances of Normandy. 1 Pierre Surreau, Receveur-General des finances de Normandie, a receu de Jehan Deveaux, viconte de Ponteaudemer, sur ce quil doit a cause de sa recepte du second paiement de laide de neuf vings mil livres Tournois, octroiez au roy, notre seigneur, par les gens des trois estas du pais et duchie de Nor- mandie, en lassemble fait a Paris ou mois Doctobre, cccc.xxiij., et dont le dit Receiveur-General a pour ce baillie sa cedule a Jehan Chamberlain pour valeur di- celle recepte general, qui en ceste a mis son signe et semblablement la signee ycellui Receveur-General, la somme de deux cens, quatre vings livres, quatorze [Translation.] Pierre Surreau, Receiver-General of the finances of Nor- mandy, has received of Jehan Deveaux, viscount of Ponte- audemer, of what he owes in consequence of his receipt of the second payment of the aid of nine score thousand pounds Tournois, granted to the king, our lord, by the people of the three estates of the country and duchy of Normandy, in the assembly held at Paris in the month of October, cccc. xxiij. and of which the said Receiver-Ge- neral has for this given his schedule to Jehan Chamberlain to the value of the said general receipt, who hereto has put his signature, and in like manner the signature of the said Receiver-General, the sum of two hundred, four score 1 From the original document, written upon vellum, which occurs in the MS. 4770 of the Supplement Franyais. HENRY THE SIXTH. 23 solz, sept deniers ob., Tournoys, comptent par luy en doubles. Escript a Rouen, le septiesme jour de Januier, lan Date, rail, cccc., vint et cinq. J. Chamberlain. P. Surreau. 1427 . Pardon granted by Henry the Sixth upon the peti- tion of Jehan de Bonval, who had been engaged in various robberies . 1 Henry, par la grace Dangleterre. de Dieu roy de France et A D. 1427. 6 Sept. Savoir faisons a tous presens et avenir nous avoir Jehan de receu humble supplicacion de Jehan de Bonval, labou- Bonval, pounds, fourteen shillings, seven pence half-penny, Tournoys, counting with him in doubles. Written at Rouen, the seventh day of January, the year one thousand, cccc. twenty and five. J. Chamberlain. P. Surreau. Henry, by the grace of God, king of France and of England. We intimate to all persons, present and to come, that we have received the humble petition of Jehan de Bonval, labourer, 1 From the contemporaneous transcript contained in the Register clxxiv, fol. 20 b., in the Archives de !a France. LETTERS AND PAPERS : being driven by want thereto, joins a band, who plunder the king’s enemies. 24 leur, demourant a Noyant ou bailliage de Vermandois, lez la ville de Soissons, chargie de femme et denfans ylec vivant, du mestier de cousturier, contenant que comme a locassion des guerres. et divisions qui ont este, et encore sont, en notre royaume de France, et par les oppressions faites aux labourers, prises, raencons et imprisonnemens des ennemis de notre dit royaume, et mesmement es pais de Soissonnois, pluseurs bons preudommes, voyans que un chacun sestoit retrait du plat pais et alez demourer es bonnes villes, ou ailleurs en estrange pais, et que len ne savoit que fa ire, a quoy soy appliquer, ne a qui labourer pour avoir a gangnier sa vie, et ne avoient lieu ne retrait en place ou fortresse ou ilz se peussent retraire bonnement, si non es bois, roches, carriers, ou cavemes, pour les lieux occuppez par nos dis ennemis, — icellui suppliant, par contraincte et necessite de famine et de plusieurs autres necessitez, et a fin de pourvoir a sa vie et dwelling at Noyant in the bailliwick of Vermandois, near the city of Soissons, burdened with a wife and children there residing, a tailor by trade, containing how that in conse- quence of the wars and divisions which have been, and yet are, in our kingdom of France, and of the oppressions done to the labourers, of the captures, ransoms, and im- prisonments by the enemies of our said kingdom, and especially in the district around Soissons, many good and honest men, seeing that every person had withdrawn him- self from the open country and gone to dwell within the good towns, or elsewhere in a foreign land, and that no one knew what to do, where to apply himself, or for whom to labour so as to obtain his livelihood, and that they had neither place nor retreat in castle or for- tress, to which they could easily betake themselves, ex- cepting only in woods, rocks, quarries, or caverns, in consequence of the places being occupied by our said enemies — this petitioner, through the pressure and ur- gency of hunger and many other necessities, and in cider HENRY THE SIXTH. a sa })ouvre humanite, se soit applique de faire guerre a nos dits ennemis, en tenant tousjours de son coste notre parti, et celui de feu notre tres eliier cousin le due de Bourgogne, derrierement trespasse, et de fait a este avec et en la corapaignie de plusieurs cappitaines estans soubz la gouvernement de notre elder et feal cousin, Jelian de Luxembourg, conte de Guise et de Marie, et en especial a estc a la prise Their pro- dune carriere, nomme La Carriere de Bonvel, que^™p at tenoient nos dis ennemis, en laquelle prise not onques bleceure, navreure de violence, enforcement de femmes, ne de feu boute, et ne fu trouve ne pris en la dite place que deux muys de grain, que les dessus dis tenans la dite carriere donnerent aux compaignons qui prindrent icelle carriere. Et depuis fu le dit suppliant avec les dits com- Taiile Fon* . 1 , m T1 , . i taine, paignons en une place nomine lame rontaine, en la quele avoit des ennemis, ou au moins des sousteneurs to provide for lbs life and his poor humanity, employed himself in making war upon our said enemies, always keeping on the side of our party and on that of our late very dear cousin the Duke of Burgundy, last deceased, and in point of fact has been with and in the company of many captains, who were under the command of our dear and faithful cousin John de Luxembourg, count de Guise and de Marie, and particularly has been at the taking of a “ carriere ” called La Carriere de Bonvel, which our said enemies held, at the taking of which there were no wounds, nor violent hurts, nor forcing of women, nor tire-raising, nor was there found or taken in the said place anything save two “ muids ” of grain, which the above-named occupants of the said “carriere” gave to those of the company who took that “ carriere.” And afterwards the said petitioner was with the said companions in a place called Taiile Fontaine, in the which there were some enemies, or, at least, some who supported Arcy S. Reteinelle, 26 LETTERS AND PAPERS: cliceulx ennemis, comme len disoit, ou quel lieu iceulx compaignons prindrent de six a sept vaches, qui furent par eulx baillees a leur capital ne pour eulx vivre. Et pareillement aient este le dit suppliant et ses compaignons avec leur dit capitaine en une ville et eglise nomme Arcy Saincte Retineille, en la quele len disoit quil avoit des gens darmes de Fere en Tarde- nois, qui lors tenoient le party contraire a noz de- vanciers et nous, en laquele eglise eust assult depar les dits compaignons les ungs contre les autres, et telement que lun des compaignons assaillans, avec les- (juelz le dit suppliant estoit, pour grever ceulx dedans qui estoient leurs ennemis, savisa que il avoit un petit maquet de foing dessoubz une vassure dicele eglise, ou il getta un tison de feu, afin que la fuinee du dit foing feist mal a ceulx de dedans. Mais a la parfin, il con- vint que les dis assaillans par force de defense sen alassent, et ny ot autre violence ne mal a cause du these same enemies, as was said ; in which place those of the company took six or seven cows, which were given hy them to their captain for their support. And in like manner the said petitioner and his com- panions with their said captain were in a town and church named Arcy St. Retineille, in which it was reported that there were some soldiers of Fere en Tardenois, who at that time were of the party opposed to our ancestors and us, in which church there was an assault hy those of the said company, the one against the other, in such wise that one of the company who were assailants, with whom the said jKditioner was, in order to distress those persons within who were their enemies, perceiving that there was a little rick of hay under a vaulting of the said church, threw there a firebrand, iu order that the smoke of the said hay should incommode those who were within. But in the end, it was necessary that the said assailants should depart, in consequence of the force of the defence, and there was no other violence or mischief occasioned HENBY THE SIXTH. 27 dit feu, si non de fumee. Et y gangnerent une vache et une chievre, les queles le dit suppliant et ses com- paignons eurent pour eulx gouverner et vivre. Et avec ce ou temps dessus dit, ou environ, le dit and else- suppliant fu en une compaignie ou il et ses compaig- where * nons encontrerent un compaignon venant de Guise, comme il disoit, auquel fu oste une sainturee dargent, qui fut vendue xxxij. s., dont le dit suppliant ot sa part, avecques une paire de soliers et une paire de gans. Et oultre en icelui temps, ou environ, fu trouve sur les champs une femme, a laquele on osta la quantite de dixhuit aulnes de drap, ou environ, pour ce quo len disoit quelle portoit le dit drap a ceulx de La Folie, qui lore estoient noz ennerais, pour faire des luiques. Et depuis, pour ce (pie le dit suppliant a este adverti et infonne du contraire, il a rendu le dit drap a la partie, et paiee la part a ses compaignons, combion quil ne lavoit pas eu. by the said fire, but by the smoke only. And there they got a cow and a goat, which the said petitioner and liis companions had to quiet them, and for their support. And moreover, at the time aforesaid or thereabout, the said petitioner was in a company where he and his com- panions met a companion coming from Guise, as he said, from whom was taken a girdle of silver, which was sold for thirty-two shillings, of which the said petitioner had his share, along with a pair of shoes and a pair of gloves. And moreover at this time or thereabouts, a woman was found in the fields from whom was taken the quantity of eighteen ells of cloth, or thereabouts, because it was said that she was carrying the said cloth to those of La Folie, who at that time were our enemies, to make cloaks for them. And afterwards, because the said petitioner was advertised and informed to the contrary, he has restored the said cloth to the party, and paid the part belonging to his companions, although he did not have it. 28 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Returns to his work. His troubles. Et il soit advenu que des quatre ans a, oil environ, pour ce que le dit suppliant a veu que on povoit labourer, il a tout delaissie et cesse de plus aler a la guerre, et sest entremis de faire son labour et mestier, et non dautre chose. Et combien que durant le temps quil sest entremis de faire guerre, il fu licite et permis le faire pour grever et subjugier nos dis ennemis, combien aussi quil nait fait mal a personne, fors de prendre vivres, et quil se soit de quatre ans a, ou environ, remis a son labour, comme dit est, neantmoins aucuns prevosts fermiers, et mesmement notre provost forain de Laon, de sa voulente et contre raison, sest efforcie, et encore fait chacun jour, de grever, travailler et dommagier le dit suppbant, et le menacier de le prendre et mener prisonnier en noz prisons, a fin de avoir et exiger de lui argent, ou autrement le grever et molester, a cause de ce quil asmeuvy la guerre par la maniere que dit est, et est en tele doubte quil nose demourer seure- Aml because it happened that the said petitioner per- ceived about four years ago, or thereabouts, that it was jK)ssible to work, he has entirely discontinued and ceased to go any more to the war, and has devoted himself to his labour and his craft, and nothing else. And although during the time when he was occupied in making war, it was a thing lawful and permitted so to do, to distress and subdue our said enemies, and although, moreover, he has done harm to no one, excepting in taking provisions, and that it is four years ago, or there- abouts, since he returned to his employment, as has been said, nevertheless certain provost-farmers, and particularly our provost -forain of Laon, of his own will, and contrary to reason, has endeavoured (and yet endeavours daily) to grieve, trouble, and damage the said petitioner, and threatens to seize him and to put him as a prisoner in our prisons, on purpose to have and demand money of him, or otherwise to grieve him and molest him, because he has waged war in the manner aforesaid and he is in such fear that he dare IIENKY THE SIXTH. 20 ment en son labour, ne avecques sa femme, enfans et mesnage, et en est en voie quil lui conviengne guerper et laissier le pais, se par nous ne lui est sur ce pour- veu de notre grace et misericovde, sicome ll dit. tn nous humblement requerant que, come au temps quil sest entremis en la dite guerre, il estoit licite a elia- cnn de noz subgiez de resister et faire guerre a nos dits enneinis, et .pie le dit suppliant na pnns, ne eu, ne appliqua a soy, fors vivres qni estoient habandonnez pour tors, et si na este en lieu ou len ait fait autre mal que dessus est dit, et que en tous autres cas it a este hoinine de bonne fame, renomee, et honeste con- versacion, sans onquesmais avoir este reprins, attaint, ne oonvaincu daucun autre vilain cas, blasme ou re- prouche, nous lui vueillons imparter ycele notre grace. Pour quny nous, ces cboscs considerees, inclinans a The king sa supplication, voulans en ceste partie misencorde j>. m estre preferee a rigeur de justice, an dit suppliant ou not continue securely til bis work, nor with bis wilt, ibil drcn, nml household, and is in such a way that be must abandon and leave the country, unless provision lie hereupon made for him bv ns of our grace and mercy, ns be says Humbly requiring us that, -since the time when lie engaged in the said war it was lawful for any one of our subjects to resist and to wage war with our said enemies, and that the said petitioner bad neither taken, nor had, nor applied to himself, anything, excepting provisions which at the time were abandoned, and that lie had been in no place where mischief bad been done besides what is mentioned almve, and that in every other instance he has been a man of good fame, report, and honest conversation, with- out at any time having been accused, attainted, or con- victed of any other evil case, blame, or reproach, we would be pleased to grant him this our grace. Whereupon we, these things considered, inclining to bis supplication, willing that in this instance mercy should be preferred to the rigour of justice, have granted, remitted LETTERS AND PAPERS : SO cas dessus dit avons grante, remis, et pardonne, et par ces presentes, de grace especial, plaine puissance et auctorite royal, quit tons, remettons et pardonnons le fait et cas dessus dits, ensemble toute peine, amende et offense, corporele, criminele et civele, et tout ce en quoy pour le fait et occasion de ce que dit est, il puet, ou porroit, pour ce estre encouru envers nous et justice ; et le restituons et remettons a sa bonne fame, renomee, au pais, et a ses biens non confisquez, satis- faction faite a partie, se faite nest, et imposons sur ce silence perpetual a notre procureur. Si donnons en mandement par ces presentes au bailli de Yennandois, et a tous noz autres justiciers, ou a leurs lieux tenants, presents et avenir, et chacun deulx, sicomme a lui appertendra, que de notre presente grace, remission et pardon, ilz facent seuffrer et laisser le dit suppliant joir et user plainement et paisaiblement, sans pour ce ores ne a temps avenir le molester, travaillier, ou em- and pardoned to the said petitioner in the case uhove said, and by these presents, of our especial grace, full power and myal authority, wo do acquit, remit and pardon the exploit and case above-said, together with all punishments, amends and offence, corporal, criminal and civil, and everything into which ho may fall in consequence of the exploit and occasion which have been mentioned, now or hereafter, in this behalf, as far as regards us and justice ; and we restore him and replace him in his good fame and repu- tation in the country, and in his goods which are not con- fiscated, satisfaction being made to the party, if it be not done ; and herein we impose perpetual silence upon our proctor. Wherefore we give in command by these presents to the bailly of Yennandois, and to nil our other justices, or to their lieutenants, present and future, and to each of them, as to him shall appertain, that they shall suffer and leave the said petitioner to enjoy and use fully and peaceably our present grace, remission, and pardon, without thereupon, at present or for the time to come, molesting, HENRY TFTE SIXTH. 31 peschier, ne souffrir estre travaille, moleste on em- peschie, en aucune maniere ou contraire. Mais se son corps, ou aucuns de ses biens non confisquez, estoient, ou sont, pour ce prins, detenuz, ou empeschiez, ilz lui mettent, ou facent inettre, ces lettres veues, a plaine deliverance. Pourveu que ces presentes soient exhi- bees et presentes au dit bail li de Vermandois, ou a son lieutenant ; et que par lui, ou son dit lieutenant, elles soient entremees, dont il est acoustuine de faire en tel cas. Et afin que ce soit ferine chose et estable a tousjours, nous avons fait mettre notre seel a ces pre- sentes, sauf en autres clioses notre droit et lautruy, en toutes. Donne a Paris, le sixiesme jour de Septembre, lan Date, de grace mil, quatre cens et vint sept, et de notre regne le quint. Seellees soubz notre seel ordonne en labsence du grant. Ainsi signe, Pah le Conseil. Oger. oppressing or seizing him, or permitting him to he oppressed, molested or seized in any manner to the contrary. 15 ut if his body or any of his goods not confiscated, were or are upon this account taken, detained or seized, they shall fully deliver them, or cause them to be delivered, upon the sight of these letters. Provided that these presents he exhibited and presented to the said bailly of Verman- dois, or his lieutenant, and that by him, or his said lieutenant, they be dealt with as is customary to do in such a case. And to the end that this be a matter firm and established for ever, we have caused our seal to be set to these presents, saving in other matters our right and that of others in all things. Dated at Paris, the 6th day of September, in the year of grace 1427, and of our reign the fifth. Sealed under our seal provided in the absence of the great seal. Thus signed, By the Council. Oger. LETTERS AND PAPERS: 1428-9. Receipt for 2,000?. paid to the Receiver-General of the Finances of Normandy. 1 A/D. 1429. 8 January. Receipt. Je Pierre Surreau, Receveur-General de Normandie, certiffie a tous par ces presentes que Loys le Clerc, viconte Gauge, en obtemperant aux lettres closes par moy a luy envoiees, a apporte de la ville du Pont Le- vesque et fait venir en sa compaignie en cette ville du Rouen sur deux chevaulx a bas, la somme de deux mille livres Toumois, en pluseurs monnoies, dont il a eu descharge donne le jour duy sur sa recepte du premier paiement de htide de ix xx . mille livres Tour- nois, octroie au roy notre seigneur par les gens des trois estas du pais et duchie de Normandie, a Rouen, on moys de Septembre darnier passe. [Translation'.] I, Pierrf. Surreal', recei ver-general of Normandy, certify to all by these presents that Loys le Clerc, viconnt Gauge, in obedience to the sealed letters sent by me to him, has brought from the town of Pont Levesque and conveyed in his company to this town of Rouen upon two horses, the sum of two thousand pounds Tournois, in divers moneys, for which lie has had a discharge, dated this day, towards his receipt of the first payment of the aid of the ix* x . thousand pounds Tournois granted to the king our lord by the people of the three estates of the country and duchy of Normandy, at Rouen, in the month of September last past. 1 From the original document, written upon vellum, which occurs in the MS. 4770 of the Supplement Frnn^ais. henry the sixtit. 33 Le quel viconte, avee lui son clerc, deux chevaulx, T>~y a yacque venanb besongnant en ceste clicte ville pout ed to conveiev la dicte somme, trois jours, commencans lcKouen. xxvi. jour do ce present mois, et pour son retour deux jours ; et pour lo conveiance do la dicte finance amencr seurement (pour les perilz et daungicrs qm sont sur le pais de brigans et larrons, guetteurs de cliemins) avoit en sa coinpagnie six archers a cheval, les quelz out vacquis et vacqueront venant et retoui- nant cliacun deulx quatre jours, et le dit vo.ageur semblablement quatre jours. Tesmoing mon saing manuel cy mis a Rouen, le Date, vint huitiesme jour de Januier, lan mil, cccc. vint T SimnKAiT. The said viscount, with Ids clerk and two horses, have been engaged in coming upon this business to this said citv, to carry the said sum during three days commencing the xxvi. day of this present month, and two days upon his return; and for the sate conveyance of the said finance (in consequence of the perils and dangers which are in the country, in consequence of robbers and thieves who watch the roads) he has had in h.s com- pany six archers on horseback, who have been employed, and will be employed, in going and returning each of them, for four days, and the said traveller in like man- ner for four days. Witness, my sign manual hereto set, at Rouen, the twenty-eighth day of January, in the year one thousand, cccc. twenty-eight. p SuRREAIJ . YOL. T. C 34 . LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1430 . Pardon granted by Henry the Sixth upon the peti- tion of Jehan de Calais, who had conspired to deliver Paris to the French . 1 A.D. 1430. 5 April. The peti- tioner’s narrative how he joined the conspiracy. Henry, par la grace de Dieu, roy de France et Dangleterre. Savoir faisons a tous presens et avenir, nous avoir receu humble supplicacion de Jehan de Calais, pri- sonnier en notre chastellet de Paris, contenant que coniine depuis un mois ou environ avant ce present temps de Quaresme, Jaquet Perdirel se feust trait devers le dit suppliant par plusieurs foiz et diverses instances ; et entre autres choses lui eust requis et demande sil vouldroit estre de lalience de lui et plusieurs autres qui avoient entencion de bouter et mettre dedens ceste notre bonne ville de Paris celui qui se dit Haulphin, et ses gens, noz ennemis et [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God, king of France and England. We make known to all persons present and to come, that we have received the humble petition of Jehan de Calais, prisoner in our Chastellet of Paris, containing that about a month or thereabouts before this present time of Lent, Jaquet Perdirel came to the said sup- pliant at many times and different instances ; and among other matters demanded of him and asked whether he would be of the alliance of himself and many others who in- tended to introduce and bring within this our good city of Paris, the person who styles himself Daulphin, and his ‘ From the Register clxxv. fol. 1. in the Archives de la France, a con- temporaneous transcript. HENRY THE STXTTT. 35 adversaires. Et pour csmouvoir le dit suppliant a ce, lui ramena et mist audevant comment il avoit este mis en prison pour ce seulement, quil avoit parle de la paix, et dit autves paroles de noz amez et feaulx, les gens de notre Grant Conseil en France, et oul- tre que le dit Daulphin (quo icelui Perdirel nom- moit Roy) vouloit faire abolicion generale, de quoy pluseurs de lalience du dit Perdirel et autres estoient bien contens. Et apres le dit suppliant lui demanda la maniere comment on porroit faire et bailler la dite entree a nos diz ennemis, le quel Perdirel lui dist quil avoit beaucoup de gens de son alienee, et quilz feroient publier par les carrefours de ceste dite ville icelle abolicion a son de trompe, especialment a un jour de Dimenche a la Porte Bandit a lieure quil y avoit grant foison laboureurs , 1 et il ne faisoit nulle doubte people, our enemies and adversaries. And in order to move the said petitioner thereto, he recalled to his recol- lection, and placed before him, how he had been put in prison for this cause only, that he had spoken of the peace, and said other words of our beloved and faithful ones, the members of our Great Council in France, and moreover, that the said Daulpliin (whom this Perdirel styled king) would grant a general pardon, with which many of the alliance of the said Perdirel and others would be well pleased. And afterwards, the said petitioner enquired of him the manner how the said entrance could be made and granted to our said enemies, the which Perdirel told him that there were many people of his alliance, and that they would cause to be published, at the meetings of the streets of this said city, this general pardon, by the sound of the trumpet, especially upon a Sunday, at the Porte Baudit, at the hour when there was a great abundance of labourers, and he c 2 Foison laboureurs J So reads the MS. 3(5 LETTERS AND PAPERS : que le pan pie ne se trouvast avecques lui ; et ce fait, ilz yroient gangnier la porte Saint Antlioine, et par icelle mettroient dedens la ville nos dits ennemis. Alors le dit suppliant respondi au dit Perdirel que cestoit dit de coumtre , 1 et quil ne se povoit ainsi faire; car quant ilz se cuideroient trouver vint en- semble, ilz ne y seroient pas six ; le quel Perdirel lui dist que ce nestoit que un advis, ja soit ce que pluseurs feussent de celle opinion ; et icellui suppliant lui respondi que a ce faire, et baillier la dite en- tree par la maniere cy devant touchee, il ne seroit point avecques eulx. Adonc icelui Perdriel (qui paravant avoit dit au dit suppliant que le dit Daulphin et notre tres chier et tres ame oncle le due de Bourgoigne devoient as- sembler a Laon devers deux legas que notre Saint made no doubt that the people would hold with him ; and when this was done they would go to secure the Porte Saint Antlioine, and by it would introduce within the city our said enemies. Then the said petitioner answered the said Perdirel that he had been told the contrary, and that he could not do so ; for when they believed that they would find twenty together, six would not be there ; the which Perdirel told him that this was only an opinion, even although many should be of that way of thinking ; and this petitioner answered him that in doing this, and in giving the said entrance by the manner formerly touched upon, he would by no means be with them. Then this Perdirel (who previously had said to the said petitioner that the said Daulpliin and our very dear and well-beloved uncle the duke of Burgundy, would meet at Laon in the presence of two legates, whom our Coim tre~\ Com t re, MS. HENRV THE SIXTH. 37 Pere le Pape y devoit envoier pour les raettre daccord, efc que celui deulx deulx qui seroit refusant de faire paix, seroit excommunie de la bouche de notre dit Saint Pere) dist a icelui suppliant que on atten- droit encore que on eust response de ce que seroit fait par les diz legas ; et atant se departirent lun de lautre. Mais xv. jours, ou environ, apres ce, le dit Perdriel ala devers icelui suppliant en son hostel, disant que un messagier, dont autres foiz lui avoit parle, estoit retourne pour trouver maniere de faire lentree devant dite ; et lui demanda le dit Perdriel se avec lui et pluseurs autres il en vouloit estre consentant. Pt alors le dit suppliant respondu que Oil, se ainsi estoit, toutesvoies quil y eust gens notables qui sen entre- missent ; lequel Perdriel lui dist que pluseurs personnes de practique et dautres estas de bonne et grande auctorite, dont il lui nomma aucuns, sen mesleroient. holy father the Pope would send hither to put them at accord, aud that either of the two who should refuse to make peace, would he excommunicated by the mouth of our said holy father) said to this petitioner that it was necessary to wait yet longer to have an answer as to what would be done by the said legates ; and hereupon they departed the one from the other. But fifteen days, or thereabouts, after this, the said Per- driel went to this petitioner in his house, saying that a messenger, of whom he had previously spoken to him, had returned in order to discover means for making the entrance above-said ; and the said Perdriel asked him if he would agree thereto with him and many others. And then the said petitioner answered that he would, if it were so, especially if they were people of standing who were con- cerned herein ; the said Perdriel told him that many people of experience and of other gentry of good and great autho- rity, some of whom he named to him, had identified them- 38 LETTEBS AND PAPEBS : Et atant icelui suppliant se feust accorde et conde- scendu a aidier de faire et baillier icele entree avec le dit Perdriel et les autres qui sen entremettroient, auaquelz le dit message avoit parle, si comine disoit icelui Perdriel. His inter- Et oultre, afin ([lie le dit suppliant feust plus seur de a Carmelite besoigne, et pour adviser la maniere de faire ieele at St. Mem. entree, le dit Perdriel veult que icelui message perlast au dit suppliant, sur quoy ilz demourerent daccord que il yToit a Saint Merry, auquel lieu le dit Perdriel feroit aler icelui message, et dilec iroient en lostel dicelui suppliant, ce quilz eussent fait, comme dit est. Et quant le dit message, qui estoit ties bien et propre- inent habille en estat de laboureur, fu en lostel di- celui suppliant, il lui dist que il estoit religieux des Carmea, et lenvoioit devers lui le dit Perdriel, et que icelui Daulphin (quil nommoit Roy ) ne ceulx de son selves herein. Ami therefore this petitioner agreed and consented to aid in making and effecting this entrance along with the said Perdriel and the others who had en- gaged themselves herein, with whom the said messenger had talked, as this Perdriel said. And moreover, to the end that the said petitioner should l>e more sure of the business, and in order to delil»erate upon the manner in which this entrance should be effected, the said Perdriel desired that this messenger should speak to the said petitioner, respeetiug which they came to an agreement that he should go to Saint Merry, to which place the said Perdriel would cause this messenger to go, and from thence they should go into the house of this petitioner, which they did as is said. And when the said messenger, who was exceedingly well and properly dressed according to the condition of a labourer, was in the house of this petitioner, he told him that he was a monk of the Carmelites, and that he had sent the said Perdriel to him, and that neither the Dauphin (whom he styled King), nor HENRY THE SIXTH. 39 conseil ne le vouloient croire de lambassade quil avoit fait© dep&r icelui Perdriel et autres touchant lentrec ilevant elite, se ilz no avoient lettre de clmcun deulx, en requerant an dit suppliant quil en voukist fair© lettre ; et il lui respondi que quant a lui il non feroit ja lettre, et se rapportoit au dit Perdriel de ce quil en feroit, nmis il tendroit tel chemin que lui. Et atant se party du dit suppliant le dit Carme, disant quil retourneroit devers le dit Perdriel, et par lui lui feroit savoir co dont ilz demourroient daccord ensemble, et enveroioit dire par un laboureur a icelui Perdriel le jour, loure, et la maniere comment nos diz enneinis vouldroient entreprendre de fair© la dicte entree. Avec oo le premier ou second Sainedi de ce dit Details as Quaresme (ne scet le dit suppliant lequel), CUiillaume Loir, orfeure, ala devers lui en son hostel, disant que sing Paris le dit Perdriel lui envoioit dire que le laboureur. dont those of his council, would l»elieve him respecting the mis- sion which he had effected by this Perdriel and others touch- ing the entrance l*?fore-said, unless they had a letter from each of them, and he required of the said petitioner that he would l»e pleased to draw up a letter ; and he answered him that, as for him, ho would draw up no letter whatever thereupon, and would refer himself to the said Perdriel as to what he would do in the matter, but would hold on the same road with him. And immediately afterwards the said Carmelite left the said petitioner, saying that lie would return to the said Perdriel, and by him would cause to be made known to him the agreement at which they should mutually arrive, and would send a labourer to tell the said Perdriel the day, the hour, and the manner how our said enemies would attempt to make the said entrance. At length, on the first or second Saturday of this said Lent (the said petitioner does not know which), Guillaume Loir, goldsmith, went to him in his house, and told him that the said Perdriel had sent him to say that the la- LETTEIiS AND l’APEKS : 40 autresfoiz lui avoit parle, estoit venu; et pour taut que le clit suppliant ne avoit onques parle au clit Guillaume de la matiere clevant dicte, lui dist quil ne savoit que cestoit a dire, lequel Guillaume lui dist quil envoi- eroit parler le dit Perdriel a lui. Et pour taut que le lendemain les serviteurs dicelui suppliant lui dirent que le dit Perdriel lavoit ilemande, il ala en sou hostel et parla a lui en son coinptoir, et estoit icelui Guillaume de Loir present ; et lui dist icelui Perdriel que le Carme, qui autresfoiz avoit parle a lui, avoit apporte une abolicion du dit Daulphin, notre adversaire, par la quele tout estoit pardonne, et que icelui Per- driel et pluseurs autres estoient doppinion que a un jour de Dimanche on la venst a son de trompe a la dite Porte Baudot, presens lx. ou iiij**. liommes de leur societe, ou aliance, apres la quele publication eulx, et le peuple qui se joindroit avec eulx, yroient gangnier la dite Porte Saint Anthoine, pour mettre et bouter bourer, of whom ho hatl spoken at other times to him, had arrived ; and for as much as the said petitioner had never at any time spoken to the said Guillaume of the matter aforesaid, he told him that he did not know what he was talking about, the which Guillaume told him that he would send the said Perdriel to speak to him. And because on the morrow this petitioner’s servants told him that the said Perdriel had enquired for him, lie went to his house and spoke to him in his office, and this Guillaume de Loir was present ; and this Perdriel told him that the Carmelite, who had previously spoken to him, had brought an absolute pardon from the said Daulphin, our adversary, by the which all was pardoned, and that this Perdriel and many others were of opinion that upon a Sunday, they should come, at the sound of the trumpet, to the said Porte Baudot, sixty or four score men of their society, or alliance, being present, after which proclamation they, and the people who would join themselves with them, would seize the said Porte Saint Anthoine, in order to HENRY THE SIXTH. 41 par icele dedeus ceste dito ville nos dits ennemis et adversaires qui seroient embuscbiez pres diloc. Les aucuns disoient que certain nombre de gens feussent embuschiez es maisons prouchaines de la porte de Bordeles pour la gangnier soubdzamment, et par icele faire j>ar ce moyen la dite entree ; et il sembloit aux autres que ce seroit le plus expedient que iiij x \ ou c. Escoisois, habillez coniine Anglois, portans la Croix Rouge, venissent par petiz troupeaulx ou compaignies le droit chemin de Saint Denis en ceste ville, et en admenant de la maree ou du bestail entrassent tout cointoisement en la jxirte, puis feissent tant quilz eussent la maistrise des portiers, et alors autre partie de noz ennemis, qui seroient embuschiez pres tlilec, yindroient a puissance pour entrer dedens ceste dite ville et avoir la maistrise dicele. Et apres ce le dit Perdriel demanda au dit suppliant et a icelui Guillaume de Loir de quele opinion ilz put and introduce through it within the said city our said enemies and adversaries, >vho would he in ambush near the place. Some of them said that a certain number of people should he in ambush in the houses contiguous to the Porte de Bordeles, to seize it suddenly, and through it by this means to effect the said entrance ; and it ap- peared to others that it would be more expedient that four score or a hundred Scotchmen, dressed like English- men, carrying the red cross, should come by little bands or companies the direct road from Saint Denis into this city, and bringing some salt fish or cattle should enter secretly by the gate, and afterwards should do what was necessary in order to obtain the mastery of the porters, and then another party of our enemies, who should be in ambush near that place, should come in force to enter within this said city and have the mastery thereof. And after this the said Perdriel asked the said peti- tioner and this Guillaume de Loir of what opinion they Further confer- ences. 42 LETTERS AND PAPERS : estoient, lesquelz dirent quil leur sembloit que ce seroit le mieulx de faire la dite entree par icele porte de Saint Denis en la maniere dessus dite, combien (pie sur ce ne prendrent pour lors aucun conclusion. Mais iceulx Perdriel et Guillaume monstrerent au dit suppliant deux cedules, quilz avoient faites pour envoier a notre dit adversaire, ou ceulx de son conseil, lime grant escripte en parchemin, et lautre petite en papiere ; et pour tant quelles ne plurent au dit sup- pliant, il en fist une autre petite, quil bailla aux dessus nommez Perdriel et Guillaume, lesquelz dirent quilz monstreroient iceles cedules a leurs autres com- paignons pour adviser laquele seroit la meilleur. Et le landemain bien matin le dit Guillaume, le Carme dessus dit, et deux uutres compaignons, labou- reurs, ou en habit de laboureurs, que le dit suppliant ne conirnoissoit, alerent devera lui en son hostel et lui porterent pour lune des dites trois cedules, ne scet de were, and they said that it appeared to them that it would he best to make the said entrance by the Porte do Saint Denis in the manner above-said, yet upon this point they did not at that time arrive at any conclusion. But the said Perdriel and Guillaume showed to the said petitioner two schedules, which they had made to send to our said adversary, or those of his council, the one, a great writ- ing on parchment, anil the other a little one upon pu[>er ; and in as much as these did not please the said petitioner, he made another little one which he gave to the above- named Perdriel and Guillaume, who said that they would show these schedules to their other companions to deliberate which would be the beat. And on the morrow, very early, the said Guillaume, the Carmelite above-mentioned, and two other companions, la- bourers, or in the dress of labourers, whom the said peti- tioner did not know, went to him in his house and brought him one of the said three schedules, of a truth he does not HENRY THE SIXTH. 43 vray laquele, mais toutes voies il la signa le premier, puis la bailla au dit Guillaume, qui la promist faire signer a autres de leur aliance, dont il lui nomma auouns ; et ce fait, se department davecques lui les dessus diz. Et au surplus lie scet quo le dit Guil- laume fist de la dito cedule, car depuis il ne vit le dit Carme ; la quele cedule contenoit en effect ereancc sur le porteur dicele, et estoit la dicte creance tele, cest assavoir, que le dit Carme estoit chargie de dire a notre dit adversarie, et ceulx de son dit conseil, quo pour faire la dite entree ilz esleussent des trois voies cy devant recitees la quele quil leur sembleroit plus convenable, et mandassent la maniere, leure, et le jour comment ilz vouldroient (pielle feust executee. Avec ce ioeulx Perdriel et Guillaume de Loir dirent au dit suppliant que Pierre Moran t, procureur en notre dit chastellot de Paris, et Jaquet Guillaume, de- mourant a loui*s a la dite Porte Baudet, estoient know which, but at all events he signed it the first, then he delivered it to the said Guillaume, who promised that ho would cause it to be signed by others of their alliance, of whom he named some ; and this done, the persons above- named departed from him. And, moreover, he does not know what the said Guillaume did with the said schedule, for since then he has not seen the said Carmelite ; the which schedule contained in substance credence for the bearer thereof, and the said credence was to this effect, namely, that the said Carmelite was charged to say to our said adversary, and to those of his said council, that in order to effect the said entrance they should select from the three ways above- recited the one which to them appeared the most convenient, and should intimate the manner, the hour, and the day, how • they wished that it should be executed. In addition to this the said Perdriel and Guillaume de Loir told the said petitioner that Pierre Morant, proctor in our said Chastellet of Paris, and Jaquet Guillaume, dwell- ing at that time at the said Porte Baudet, had agreed 44 LETTERS AND PAPERS : consentans avec eulx cle faire lentree devant dite, et avoient grant quantite gens 1 avec eulx dicele Porte Baudet et denviron. Et trois ou quatre jours apres, icelui Moran t ren- contra en Greue le dit suppliant, et lui parla de la inatiere devant dite, disant quil avoit parle au dit Perdnel, et veu une cedule que icelui suppliant avoit signee, lequel Moran t lavoit semblablement signee, comine il disoit ; et lui ])arla que le Dimencbe ensui- vant il voulsist estre a desjeunner a la Pome de Pin en la cite, au quel lieu maistre Jehan de la Chapelle et Reguault Savin (qui estoient pareillement con- sentans de la dite besongne) devoient convenir, pour avoir advis sur ce quil serroit a faire touchant icele. Kt pour co quil lui dist quil ny pourroit estre, se departirent atant ; raais un jour ou deux apres, Jeban Morant dist au dit suppliant (pie au dit desjeunner along with them to effect the entrance above-mentioned, and had a large number of people with them, along with those of the said Porte Baudot and of the neighbourhood. And three or four days afterwards, this Morant met the said petitioner in the Greve, and spoke to him of the matter above-mentioned, remarking that he had s|>oken to the said Perdnel, and had seen a schedule which this pe- titioner had signed, and which also the said Morant had in a like manner signed, as he said ; and he told him that on the Sunday following he would be at breakfast at the Pineapple in the city, at which place master Jehan de la Chappello and Rcgnault Savin (who were in like manner consenting to the said business) would meet in order to have some deliberation ns to what should be done touch- ing the same. And because he told him that lie could not be there, they thereupon parted ; but a day or two afterwards, Jehan Morant informed the said petitioner that 1 Quantite i/cms] So the MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 45 avoit cste conclu quo ilz prendroient la voie adversee de faire la dite entree par icele Porte Saint Denis en la maniere autresfoiz pourparlee entre eulx ; et iroit icelui suppliant aux champs hors la dite porte, porteroit pour enseigne un Pavon Blanc, et iroit dire a nos dits ennemis ce quilz devroient faire touchant icele entree ; et le dit Guillaume so tendroit a la dite Porte ]>our leur dire semblablement cpiant ilz y arrivoient ; et le dit Morant, et les gens quil avoit avec lui, serroient es tavernes de la Rue Saint Denis prouchainos dioele porte, pour saillir a cop hors et aidier a nos diz ennemis aussi tost quils serroient entrez. La quele chose le dit suppliant eust este et fu daccord, disunt que des le matin que le dite besoigne devroit estre faite et executee, il yroit dehors, et feroit sem- blance de aler veoir ses vignes a la Chapelle Saint Denis. Et ja soit ce que entre eulx il ny eust point at the said breakfast it had been concluded that they should take the opposite way to effect the said entrance, by the Porte Saint Denis in the manner formerly discussed among them ; and that this petitioner should go to the fields outside the said gate, should bear for badge a white pea- cock, and should go to tell our said enemies what they were to do touching this entrance ; and the said Guil- laume should hold himself at the said gate to tell them in like manner when they should arrive there ; and that the said Morant and the people that he had with him, should be in the taverns of the Rue Saint Denis, near this gate, to rush out forthwith and aid our said enemies as soon as they should have entered. To which thing the said petitioner would have been and was agreed, saying that early the morning in which the said bu- siness was to be accomplished and executed, he would go outside and pretend to go to see his vines at the chapel of Saint Denis. And although no day had been 4(i LETTERS AND PAPERS : de jour prefix ne accorde pour faire icele entree, toutes voies ilz se attendoient tous que le Dimenche ensuiant elle feust faite, et que le dit Carme retour- nast on envoaist dire la maniere, et ce que nos diz ennemis vouldroient faire. imspendfcd ^ a i s obstant la prise et emprisonnement dime autre Carme, qui de present est prisonnier en ceste ville, le dit fait fu et a este delaye ; et se il eust este mis a execucion comme ilz lavoient conclu, le dit suppliant avoit voulento et propos de prendre et porter la croix droicte pare i llement que nos diz ennemis, eust crie “ La Paix,” et aidie de son povoir a ceulx qui eussent faite la dite entree, ainsi que les autres de son aliance, du quel fait lo dit suppliant a eu paroles a autres nommez ou proces de son confession pour savoir se avec lui et les dessus diz il vouldroient 1 estre consentans de aidier a faire lentree et besongne fixed or agreed upon between them, on which to effect this entrance, nevertheless they all expected that it would be done upon the Sunday following, and that the said Carmelite should return or should send to tell the way how and what our said enemies wished to do. Hut in consequence of the capture and imprisonment of another Carmelite, who at present is prisoner in this city, the said affair was aud has been delayed ; and if it had been put in execution, as they hud arranged it, the said petitioner had the will and intention to take and carry the straight cross in like manner as our said enemies, would have cried “Peace,” and aided to the best of his power those who would have effected the said entrance, just as the others of his alliance, concerning which affair the said petitioner has had conversation with the others, named in the process of his confession, to know if they would con- sent to aid along with him and the persons above-men - 1 // row/d/oien/] So the MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 47 < levant elite, et se sont aucuns diceulx par son moien consent iz ad ce. Pour raison et occasion desqueles choses, et autres The peti- pius a plain declaires ou dit proces de sa confession Jlreh^nded dessus dit, icelui suppliant a este pris et mene pri- sonnier en notre dit chastellet de Paris, ou il est encore detenu de present, a grant povrete et miserie de son corps, en adventure de brief finer miserable- ment ses jours, se par nous ne lui est sur ce pour- veu de remede gracieux et convenable ; requerant tres huinbleinent que attendu que soubz confiance que le dit cas lui feust par nous remis et pardonne, il a celui voluntairement recongneu et confesse a aucuns noz conseilleurs que de ce le requiroient instannnent, et promettoient de faire leur loyal devoir envers nous, ou les dits gens de notre conseii, de lui faire avoir le dit pardon, que il a tousjours este hoinme do bonne vie, renomee, et honneste conversacion, sans avoir tioned in muking the entrance and business aforesaid, and truly some of them by his means have consented thereto. By reason and occasion of which things, and others more fully declared in the said process of his confession above- said, this petitioner has been taken and put in prison in our said Chastellet of Paris, where he is still detained at the present time, in great poverty and misery of his body, and in dauger of speedily ending his days miserably, unless provision be hereupon made by us of our gracious and fitting remedy ; requiring most humbly that since under the confidence that the said case should by us be remitted and pardoned, he has voluntarily acknowledged and confessed it to certain of our councillors, who urgently pressed him thereto, and promised to do their loyal duty in regard to us, or the said members of our council, to cause him to have the said pardon, that he has always been a man of good life, reputation, and honest conversa- tion, without having been attainted or convicted of any 48 LETTERS AXD PAPERS : Grounds for his pardon. este attaint ne convaincu daucun autre vilain cas on reprouche, sicomme il dit, nous lui vuellons sur ce notre grace imparter et pourveoir du dit remede. Pour ce est il que nous, voulans misericorde pre- ferer a rigueur de justice, par lad vis et deliberacion des gens de notre dit conseil, avons au dit suppliant es diz cas (tant pour consideracion des choses dessus dites, comme pour certaines autres justes et raisonnables causes touchans le bien denouset de notre seigneurie, qui ad ce out meuz et meuvent nos dites gens de notre conseil) remis, quitte et pardonne, et par ces j>resentes de notre grace especial, plaine* puissance et auctoritie royal, remettons, quittons, et pardonnons, le fait et cas dessus dit, et autres declairez en sa elite, confession, avec toute peine, amende et offense corporele, criminele, et civele, en quoy, pour raison et occasion de ce que dit est, il puet, ou pourroit, estre encouru envers nous et justice ; et lavons restitue et other wicked action or imputation, ns he says, we would he pleased hereupon to impart our grace and provide the said remedy. Wherefore it is that we, — wishing to prefer mercy to the rigor of justice, by the advice and dclil»crntioii of the members of our said council, have to the said petitioner in the matters aforesaid, as well for the consideration of the things al>ove-said as for certain other just and reaso- nable causes touching the good of ourselves and our su- periority, which hereto have moved and move our said members of our council, — have remitted, acquitted and pardoned, and by these presents of our special grace, full power and royal authority, do remit, acquit, and pardon, the deed and case above-said, and others mentioned in his said confession, with all punishment, amend and offence, corporal, criminal and civil, in which, by reason and occa- sion of what has been mentioned, he may, or might, l»e involved in regard to us and justice ; and we have re- ttknry the sixTn. 49 — . • - »»r n>»» sos biens non confisquez, aV enir, et tous perpetuel a notro procure- ^ oistre , jugier autres qu. appertend *. 1 ; ser roient trouvez ct determiner du fait ' < 1" ““ , it 8 h a ll apper- present and future judge and deter- tain to cause to lie pui ’ ° , 3 hall t>e found cul- mine of the ense of t ‘esc pC1 j f w hich mention has " f the conspiracy « cn rance^^ ^ ^ w t0 hia been made here above, to ou 1 them, as lieutenant, present and to come. ^ to cae ^ to him shall appertain, that of ^ Ind pe4it the said sion and pardon, they ca so, eaC eably, without petitioner to enjoy and use it ^ ^ ? ole8ted) troubled, molesting him or suffer.n contr ary, at this time, or or seized in any manner causing to be set, for the time to come. Setting him, orjm ^ ^ his body, for this cause arrested or seized, on SiT* t£ C at Ml deliverance,' immediately and with- out delay. p VOL. I. 50 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Et afin que ce soit chose ferine et estable a tous jours, nous avons fait mettre notre seel a ces presentes, sauf en autres choses notre droit et lautruy en toutes. Date. Donne a Paris, le cinquieme jour Davril, lan de grace mil cccc. xxix., avant Pasques, et le viij e . de notre regne. Ainsi signe , Par le roy, a la relacion du Grant Conseil. J. DE LURRAIN. Ami to the end that this may be a thing firm and stable for ever, we have caused our seal to be set to these pre- sents, saving in other matters our right and that of others in all points. Dated at Paris, the fifth day of April, in the year of grace one thousand, cccc. xxix. before Easter, and the eighth of our reign. Tlius signed, By the king, at the report of the Great Council. J. DE LURRAIN. HENRY THE SIXTH. 51 1435. The first and second offers made by the ambassadors of France to those of England at the Treaty of Arras in 1435. Ce sont les euffres qui ont este avisees estre a FAIRE AUX AMBAXADEURS DANGLETERRE, POUR LA PREMIERE FOIX. 1 Cest assavoir ; que, soubz las protestacions et con- A.D. 1435. dicions acoustumees, on leur offrera depar le roy baillir, Thefirst delesser et transporter au roy Dangleterre, et a ses offer made heirs, tout ce que icellui roy Dangleterre tient de English, present en Guienne et en Gascoigne ; et oultre ce, tout ce quo le roy tient es diz pays, es senes- chaussees de Bourdeaulx, de Lannes et de Bazadez ; et [Translation.] TnESE ARE TITE OFFERS WHICH nAVE BEEN AGREED TO BE MADE TO TIIE AMBASSADORS OF ENGLAND, FOR THE FIRST TIME. That is to say ; that, under the protestations and con- ditions accustomed, the offer shall be made to them, on the part of the king, to grant, resign and transfer to the king of England, and to his heirs, all that ’which the said king of England holds at present in Guienne and in Gascoigne ; and besides this, all that the king holds in the said countries, in the seneschalcies of Bourdeaulx, of Lannes, and of Bazadez ; and 1 From the contemporaneous copy in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, No. 168. D 2 52 LETTERS AND PArERS : avecques ce, les cite et ville de Quaours et pays de Quercy, saif et reserve la ville et cite de Montauban et tout ce que est de la conte de Thoulouse. Et aussi baillir, delesser, et transporter au dit roy Dangleterre, et a ses heirs, la conte et pays de Pierre- gourt. Cest assavoir, au regart de toutes les choses dessus dites, ce qui est en fie, en fie ; et ce qui est en demaine, en demaine ; le tout a tenir en foy et horn- mage lige du roy et de la coronne de France, et en ressort et souverainte soubz lui et sa court de parle- ment ; et parmi ce que les gens deglise, nobles et autres, dung party et dautre, retourneront chascun a ses benefices, terres, seigneuries, heritages, possessions, rentes, et biens iinmeubles, en faisant les hommages et devoirs diceulx la ou ilz sont deuz danciennete. with this, the city ami town of Quaours and the country of Quercy, saving and reserving the town and city of Montau- han ; and all that l>elongs to the conte of Thoulouse. And also to give, resign and transfer to the said king of England, and to his heirs, the conte and country of Pierre- gourt. That is to say, in regard to all the things above said, what is in fee, in fee ; and what id in demesne, in demesne ; to hold the whole in fealty and liege homage of the king and of the crown of France, and in “ressort” and sovereignty under him and his court of parliament ; and herein, that the eccle- siastics, nobles and others, of the one side and of the other, shall return each to their benefices, lands, lordships, heri- tages, possessions, rents and immovable goods, rendering the homages and duties of the same at the place where they are due of old. HENRY THE SIXTH. 53 Ck sont les second es euffrez que semblent estre A FAIRE Al’X AMBAXADEURS DANOLETERRE VENUZ POUR LE FAIT I)E LA PAIX, AMPLIEES OULTRE LES PRIMIERES, POUR PARVENIR AU BIEN DE PAIX . 1 Ckst assnvoir; que soubz les profcestacions, condi- A.l). 1435. cions, et reservacions acoustu races, on leur euflrern de rhe^Tond par le roy donner pour bien de paix et laisser, bailler offer made et transporter au roy Dangletcrre, et a ses heirs et suecesseurs, Bordeaulx et Bayonne, et tout cc quo icellui roy Dangletcrre tient do present en Guyenno et en Gnscongne ; et en oultre, tout ce quo le roy tient cs diet pays es senechaucees de Bordeloiz, des Liinnes, et de Bazadoys; et avecques ce, tout ce (jue le roy a es cite et evesclie de Qunours et pays de [Translation.] Thksb are the second offers which apparently may RE MADE TO THE AMBASSADORS OF ENGLAND, WHO HAVE COME UPON THE BUSINESS OF THE PEACE, AMPLIFIED BEYOND THE FIRST, IN ORDER TO ATTAIN THE BLESSING OF PEACE. That is to say ; that under the protestations, conditions, and reservations accustomed, the offer shall he made to them, upon the part of the king, to give them, for the benefit of peace, and to resign, give and convey to the king of England, and to his heirs and successors, Bordeaulx and Bayonne, and all that the said king of England holds at present in Guycnne and in Gascongne ; and in addition, all that the king holds in the said country in the seneschalcies of the Bordeloiz, Lannes, and Bazadoys ; and therewith, all that the king possesses in the city and bishopric of Quaours and the 1 From the contemporaneous copy in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, No. 168. 54 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Quercy, sauf et reserve la ville et cite de Montauban; et tout ce qui est en la conte de Thoulouse. Et aussi donner, bailler, laisser, et transporter au dit roy Dangleterre, tout ce que le roy a es cite de Perregueux et pays de Peregort, et la terre Dagenoiz ; sauf et excepte les hommages Darmignac, de Fezausac, et de Bigorre, silz en estoient, et ce qui seroit es dit pays Dagenoyz et de Quercy, des terres et seigneuries appartenans, ou qui auroient appartenu, au conte Darmignac. Et oultre donner, bailler et transporter tout ce que le roy a es citez, ville et cliastel le Limoges et pays de Limosin, et aussi en Xantongne, oultre la riviere de la Charente. Cest assavoir, au regart de toutes les clioses dessus dits, ce que est en fie, en fie, et ce qui est en dem- maine, en demmaine ; le tout a tenir a foy et hommage lige du roy et de la coronne de France, et en parrie, country of Quercy, saving and reserving the town and city of Montauban : and all that is in the conte of Thoulouse. And also to give, grant, resign and transfer to the said king of England, all that the king has in the city of Perre- gueux and the district of Peregort, and the land of the Agenoiz, save and except the homages of Armignac, of Fezausac, and of Bigorre, if there be any, and what may be in the said county of the Agenoyz and of Quercy, of the lands and lordships appurtenant, or which might have been appurtenant, to the conte of Armignac. And moreover, to give, grant and convey all that the king has in the cities, town and castle of Limoges, and the country of the Limosin, and also in Xantongne, beyond the river of the Charente. That is to say, in regard to all the things above said, that which is in fee, in fee, and that which is in demesne, in demesne ; to hold the whole in fealty and liege homage of the king and of the crown of France, and as a peer, and HENRY TIIE SIXTH. 55 et a telz devoirs quil estoit acoustiune danciennete, et soubz le ressort et souverainete de luy et de sa court de parlement ; en retenant toute voie la cognoissance des eglises catliedrales et autres de fondacion royal estans es lieux et pays dessus dites ; et parmy ce, que les gens deglise, nobles et autres, dun party et dautre, retoumeront chascun a ses benefices, terres et seigneuries, heritages, possessions, rentes et biens im- meubles, et en faisant les liommages et devoirs diceleux la ou ilz sont deubz anciennete. Et oultre ce, le roy donra au roy Dangleterre, son nepveu, six 1 2 * cens mille escuz, a paier a six annees, par chascune cent mille escuz . 8 with such duties as have been accustomed of old, and under the “ ressort ” and sovereignty of him and of his court of parliament ; retaining by all means the acknowledgment of the cathedral churches and others of the royal foundation which are in the places and countries aforesaid ; and herein, that the ecclesiastics, nobles and others, of the one party and of the other, shall return each to his benefices, lands and lordships, heritages, possessions, rents and immovable goods, and rendering the homages and duties of the same, where they are due of old. And besides this, the king shall give to the king of England, his nephew, six hundred thousand crowns, to be paid in the course of six years, one hundred thousand crowns each year. 1 i Six] Above this word are writ- I evidence. It contains the present and ten the numerals “iiij.” ; but “ six” j the previous articles. The water- is not erased. j mark is an ox with a cross between 2 There is no endorsement to this ! its horns, paper, and the date is from internal I 50 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1435, Sept. 8. The last offer made to the English. 1435. The third and last offer made by the ambassadors of France to those of England at the Treaty of Arras, 8 September, 1435. 1 Les dernieres offres faites aux ambaxadeurs Dangleterre. Pour ce est il que nous, desirans le bon effect de la paix generale, a la priere et requeste des dessus dites, et especialement de moil dit seigneur de Bour- goigne, et en faveur et pour lamour de luy, a iceulx legatz et ambaxadeurs de notre saint pere le pape, et du saint concile, et a mon dit seigneur, avons acorde et consenti, pour et ou nom du roy, et par vertu du povoir a nous donne, accords et consentons par ces presentes les clioses qui sensuient, et soubz les protestacions, condicions, et modificacions cy apres declairees. [Translation.] The last offers made to tiie ambassadors of Eng- land. We, desiring the good effect of n general peace, at the prayer and request of the persons aforesaid, and especially of my said lord of Bourgoigue, and for the favour and love of him, have granted and consented to these legates and ambassadors of our holy father the pope, and of the holy council, and to my said lord, for and in the name of the king, and by virtue of the power to us given, we do grant and allow by these presents the matters which follow, and under the protestations, conditions, and modi- fications hereafter declared. 1 From the fair copy, by a contemporaneous hand, contained in the MS. Baluze, 9678, D. No. 16. HENRY THE SIXTH. 57 La premiere concli cion ; que de la part Dangle terre soit renonce, sonffisamment et a tons jours, au tiltre et droit quilz pretendent a la couronne de France. Secundement ; quilz delaissent au roy toutes les cites, villes, places, fortresses, terres et seigneuries, esquelles ilz pretendent droict ou occupent ou royaume de France, excepto celles dont cy apres sera faite mencion. Tiercement ; que au regart decelles dont cy apres sera faicte mencion, (pie ou nom du roy sommes et serons dacord de leur laisser, ilz les teingnent du roy et de la couronne de France en foy et lioinmage ressort et souverainete, et en parrie, comme les autres enciens pen? de France. Quartement ; que toutes gens deglise et seculiers retournent et soient receuz a leur benefices, fortresses, villes, terres, seigneuries et possessions immeubles quelzconques, et enjoissent es pays et seigneuries que The first condition ; that, upon the part of England, there be a renunciation, sufficiently and for ever, of the title and right which they advance to the crown of France. Secondly ; that they resign to the king all the cities, towns, [fortified] places, fortresses, lands, and lordships, to which they advance right or occupy in the realm of France, except those of which hereafter mention shall be made. Thirdly ; that, with regard to those of which hereafter mention shall be made, which we are and shall be agreed to leave them in the name of the king, they shall hold them of the king and of the crown of France in fealty and homage, “ ressort,” and sovereignty, and as peers, like the other ancient peers of France. Fourthly ; that all the ecclesiastics and seculars shall re- turn and be received in their benefices, fortresses, towns, lands, lordships, and possessions immovable whatsoever, and shall enjoy them in the countries and lordships which 58 LETTERS AND PAPERS : ou nom du roy sommes et serons dacord de laissir au dit Dangleterre. Et quinquement, que monseigneur le clue D Orleans, qui est prisonner cles dits Dangleterre, soit mis a finance et raenchon raisonable, et parmy ce quitte de sa foy et prison ; moiennant les quelles condicions, consentons et sommes daccord, pour et ou nom du roy, par vertu du povoir a nous doime, que au dit Dangleterre soit et demeure a heritage perpetuel tout ce quilz tiennent et occupent de present en la duchie de Guienne. Item, la duchie de Normandie, avecques toutes ses appartenances, honneurs et seigneuries, et en tous prouffiz et emolumenz quelzconques, ainsi et par la maniere que les feux roys Jehan et Charles son filz v e . comme duez lont tenue et possidee. Item, le droit, tel quil appertient au roy, es places et lieux que les dits Dangleterre ont tenuz et occupez in the king’s name we are and shall be agreed to leave to the said [king] of England. And, fifthly ; that to monseigneur the duke of Orleans, who is prisoner with the said English, shall be affixed the payment of a reasonable ransom, and in the mean time he shall bo freed from his parole and imprisonment ; by the intervention of which conditions, wo consent and agree, for and in the name of the king, by virtue of the power to us given, that to the said [king] of England shall belong and shall remain in perpetual inheritance all that they hold and occupy at present in the duchy of Guienne. Item, the duchy of Normandy, with all its appurtenances, honors, aud lordships, and in all profits and emoluments whatsoever, as and according to the manner in which the late kings John and Charles the Fifth, his son, have held and possessed it as dukes. Item, the right which belongs to the king, in the dis- tricts and places which the said English have held and HENRY THE SIXTH. 59 de long temps, et avant les derreines guerres, es marches de Picardie ; reserve au roy le ressort et souverainte, et les foy et hommage ou il diet, et sans prejudice du droit dautruy. Et sommes contens avecques ce dentendre, pour et ou nom du roy avec les dits Dangleterre, au manage, dont ilz ont fait la requeste pour leur roy avec lune des filles du roy ; pourveu quo ce soit sans autre dolt et charge que (lit est dessus. Et en oultre, sommes et serions contens, pour et ou nom du roy, que moyennant troys des condicions dessus dits, — cest assavoir, priemerement, que de la part Dangleterre soit delaisse des maintenant et rendu realement et de fait tout le surplus des autres cites, villes, places, fortresses, et terres quilz tiennent et occupent en ce royaulme ; secundement, que toutes gens deglise et seculiers, de quelque cstat quilz soient, occupied of long time, and before the last wars, in the marches of Picardy; reserving to the king the “ressort” and sovereignty, and the fealty and homage, where it falls, and without prejudice to the right of another. And, besides this, we are willing to deliberate, for and in the name of the king, with the said English, upon the marriage for which they have made the request for their king with one of the daughters of the king ; provided that this be without any other dower and charge than what is mentioned above. And moreover, we are and shall be satisfied, for and in the name of the king, that if three of the conditions above mentioned be acted upon, — that is to say, in the first place, that upon the part of England there be re- signed from this present time and surrendered, really and actually, all the remainder of the other cities, towns, [for- tified] places, fortresses, and lands which they hold and occupy in this kingdom ; secondly, that all ecclesiastics and seculars, of what estate soever they be, shall return GO LETTERS AND PAPERS : retournent a leurs benefices, cites, villes, fortresses, et possessions immeubles, comnie dessus est dit ; et tiercement, que mon dit seigneur Dorleans soit mis a raenchon raisonable, — que les autres condicions, — cest assavoir, la renonciacion a la couronne et la recong- noissance du ressort, souverainte et parrie, ensemble les foy et hommage au roy et a la couroune de France, et aussi le manage dessus dit, — soyent et demeurent en estat et surseance jusques au temps et terme de sept ans prochein venants ; pendent le quel temps, de la part des dits Dangleterre, leur roy, qui lors sera aage, pourra plus a plain deliberer et avoir bon con- seil sur les dits renunciacion et mariage ; et lors, sil est delibere et contens ou plus tost de faire et acom- plir les dits renonciacion, recoignoissance et mariage (ou au moins la renonciacion et recoignoissance), le roy de sa part y entendra par effect. Et encore, en ce cas, du regart de lommage, sera le roy contens que lommage, ou les hommages, soient faiz a luy et to their benefices, cities, towns, fortresses, and immovable possessions, as is above said ; and thirdly, that a reason- able ransom be fixed for the said seigneur of Orleans, — then the other conditions, — that is to say, the renunciation of the crown and the acknowledgment of the “ ressort,” sovereignty, and tenure ns peer, together with the fealty and homago to the king and the crown of France, and also the marriage above said, shall be and continue as at present and in suspense for the space and term of seven years next coming ; at which time, upon the part of the said English, their king, who then will be of age, can more fully deliberate and have good counsel upon the said renunciation and marriage ; and then, if he be de- cided and content as soon as possible to make and accom- plish the said renunciation, acknowledgment and marriage (or at least, the renunciation and acknowledment), the king, for his part, will effectually give heed thereto. And also, in that case, as regards the homage, the king will be satisfied that the homage, or the homages, shall be made ITENRY THE SIXTH. fil a ses successeurs, roys do France, par ung des legi- times du roy Dangleterre, au quel il vouldroit trans- pourter du tout les ditz duchie et seigneurie, ou par autre due notable, au quel il le transportera pareillement. Et par ce moyen sera entre eulx, et les royaumes de France et Dangleterre, final paix et certaine ; au- treinent cliacune des parties sera lors entier en ses droiz et querelles pareillement, comme de present ; et neantmoins ce pendent et durans les dits sept ans, sera et demourra entre icelles parties ferine et bonne paix, moyennant les choses dessus dits, et sera clia- cune des parties contens de tenir et possider ce pen- dent ; — cest assavoir, de la part Dangleterre ce quilz tiennent en Guienne, Normendie, et ce que de long temps et par avant les demiers guerres ilz ont tenu en Picardie, aussi et par la maniere que dessus est declaire, et le demourant de la part du roy. Pourveu toutes voyes que dedans de premier jour de Januier prochenement venant les choses dessus dits, et par to him and to his successors, the kings of France, by one of the legitimates of the king of England, to whom he would entirely transfer the said duchy and lordship, or by some other illustrious duke, to whom lie would convey it in like manner. And by this means there shall be between them and the realms of France and England, final and certain peace ; but if not, each of the parties shall be still entire in regard to his rights and claims equally, as at present ; and nevertheless in the mean time and during the said seven years there shall be and continue between these par- ties firm and good peace, by means of the things above said, and each of the parties shall be content to hold and possess in the mean time ; — that is to say, on the part of England what they hold in Guienne, Normandy, and what for a long time and before the last wars they have held in Picardy, in and by the manner above declared, and the remainder on the part of the king. Provided always that by the first day of January next ensuing the things above-said be accepted and agreed to, in the manner LETTERS AND PAPERS : f> 2 la maniere que dit est, soient acceptees et accordees de la part dea dits Dangleterre, et que de leur ac- cord et consentement ilz certifient souffissement et deuement mes dits seigneurs les cardinaulx, et mon seigneur de Bourgoigne, se lors ilz sont es marches de Picardie deca la riviere de Somme, ou au moins mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne, quelque part quil soit. Aus quelz, nos dits seigneurs les cardinaulx et mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne, et a chacuu deulx, nous donnons puissance et auctorite, pour et ou nom du roy, de recevoir les dits accord, con- sentement et certificacion, et de sur ce prandre et accepter journee avec les dits Dangleterre dedans Pasques proclienement venant au lieu Darras, Cam- bray, et Valencines, pour passer par les parties les choses dessus dites, et venir a effect et execqucion diceiles, et icelle journee signifier au roy, pour par luy y estre envoye et satisfait de sa part sans y faillir. Et aussi pour de sa part consentir et foumir toutes seurtez raisonnables qui seront advisees en la stated, upon the part of the said English, and that they certify their accord and consent sufficiently and duly to my said lords the cardinals, and to my lord of Bour- goigne, if at that time they are in the marches of Picardy, on this side the river of Somme, or at the least to my said lord of Bourgoigne, wheresoever he is. To whom, our said lords the cardinals and my lord of Bourgoigne, and to each of them, wo give power and authority, for and in the name of the king, to receive the said accord, consent, and certification, and hereupon to settle and accept a con- ference with the said English within the Easter next coming, at Anas, Cambray, and Valencines, to discuss the details of the affairs above-said and to come to the issue and execution of the same, and to signify this meet- ing to the king, in order that he may send and do his duty upon his part, without failing herein. And also for consenting upon his part and furnishing all reasonable sure- HENRY THE SIXTH. 63 dite journee, pour lentretenement et exequcion des choses dessus dits. Protestans par nous, de la part du roy, qui si dedans le dit primier jour de Januier procheinen\pnt venant les dits oblacions et overtures ne soient accep- tees par les dits Dangleterre, et lour voulente sur ce signifiee a nos dits seigneurs les cardinaulx et a moil dit seigneur de Bourgoigne, ou a lung deulx, ainsi que dessus a este declare, que icelles oblacions et overtures soient nulles, et de nul effect, et reputees non dites par nous de la part du roy. Toutes les quelles choses dessus dits et declairees nous, et chacun de nous, pour tant que a chacun peut toucher, et par vertu du povoir a nous donne, avons promis et promettons leaulement et en bonne foy faire, tenir, et accomplir de la part du roy et de nous, sans fraude, barat, ou mal engin quelcon- ques ; et a ce faire obligier le roy, nous et tous ses biens et les notres, sans contrevenir en quelque ma- niere que soit. ties which shall bo advised in the said meeting, for the continuance and execution of the things above said. Protesting by us, upon the part of the king, that if, by the said first day of January next ensuing the said offers and overtures be not accepted by the said English, and their pleasure hereupon signified to our said lords the cardinals and my said lord of Bourgoigne, or to one of them, as before has been declared, these offers and overtures be null and of no effect, and held as not said by us on the part of the king. All which things above said and declared, we, and each of us, as far as each individually can effect, and by vir- tue of the power to us given, we have promised and do promise loyally and in good faith to do, keep, and fulfil upon the part of the king and of ourselves, without any fraud, strife, or guile whatever, and herein to bind the king and ourselves and all his goods and our own, with- out opposing it in any manner whatsoever. 04 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Date. Et dabondant, promettons chacun de nous tout le contenu en ces presentes faire ratiffier, approuver et consentir par le roy, et en baillir ses lettres patentes, en forme deue, a nos dits seigneurs les cardinaulx, et a mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne, et a chacun deulx, se par eulx, ou lun deulx, requis en sommes ; renoncans a toutes choses, tant de droit com me de fait, que pourrions dire et alleguer au contraire de ce que dit est ; et mesmement en droit, disant que gene- ral renunciacion ne vault, si lespecial ne precede. En tesmoing de ce, nous avons ces presentes signees de noz saings manuelz, et fait seeler de noz seaulx. Donne a Arras, le viij. jour de Septembre, lan mil, quatre cens, trante, et cinq. (Dorso.) Offres faites aux Anglois par les ambaxa- deurs du roy, au traictie fait a Arras . 1 And in addition, we promise, each one of us, to cause the entire contents of these presents to be ratified, ap- proved and agreed to by the king, and thereof to give his letters patents in due form, to our said lords the cardinals, and to my said lord of Bourgoigne, and to each of them, if we are required thereto by them or either of them ; renouncing all things, as well of law as of fact, which one might adduce and allege against what has been said ; and more particularly as regards the law, which says that a general renunciation is valueless, unless a special precedes it. In testimony whereof, we have signed these presents with our signs manual, and caused them to be sealed with our seals. Dated at Arras, the viij. day of September, the year one thousand, four hundred, thirty and five, ( Dorso .) Offers made to the English by the ambassa- dors of the king, at the treaty made at Arras. 1 The watermark of the paper 1 ten is an ox, with large horns, upon which this document is writ- | between which is a cross. HENRY THE SIXTH. (j.j 1 *37. Receipt for 830/. 10$. 3 d. t paid to the Receiver-General of the finances of Normandy. 1 Pierre Baille, receveur-general de Normandie, a A.D. 143 receu de Guillem Poisson, receveur des aydes de la G viconte de Carenthen, sur ce quil doit a cause de sa Receipt, recepte en icelle viconte du second paiement de layde de ix«x. mi lie livres Tournois, octroy e au roy, notre seigneur, par les gens des trois estaz de Normendie en lassemble faicte a Rouen ou mois de Decembre darrein passe, et dont le dite recepeur-general a pour ce baille sa cedulle a Thomas Hunte, controller de la dite recepte generalle, qui en ceste a mis son signe, et semblablement la signee icellui receveur-general, la somme de huit cens trent livres, dixneuf solz, trois [Translation.] Pi f. it tie Baille, receiver-general of Normandy, has received of Guillem Poisson, receiver of the aids of the visconte of Carenthen, of what he owes by cause of his receipt in this visconte of the second payment of the aid of nine score and ten thousand pounds Tournois, granted to the king, our lord, by the people of the three estates of Nor- mandy in the assembly held at Rouen in the month of December last past, and of which the said receiver-gene- ral has hereupon given his schedule to Thomas Hunte, controller of the said general receipt, who hereto has put his signature, and in like manner the signature of this receiver-general, the sum of eight hundred and thirty pounds, 1 From the original document, upon vellum, in the MS. Supplement Fran9- 4770. VOL. I. E Date. CO LETTERS AND PAPERS : deniers Tournois, par assignacion faite a monseigneur de Talbot, mareschal de France. Escript a Rouen, le sixiesme jour Davril, apres Pasques, lan mil, cccc. trente sept. T. Hunte. P. Baille. {Dor so.) Paie sur le contenu, au blanc, le ij. jour du J uing, trois cens livres Tournois, lan mil, cccc.xxxvij. Item, le x. jour du dit mois, cinquante livres Tournois. Item, le xvj. jour du dit mois, deux cens cinquante livres Tournois. Item, le xxx. jour de dit mois, la somme de deux cens et trente livres, dixneuf solz. iij. d. et q. nineteen shillings, three pence, Tournois, by the assignment made to monseigneur de Talbot, mareschal of France. Written at Rouen, the sixteenth day of April, after Easter, the year one thousand, cccc. thirty-seven. J. Hunte. P. Baille. ( Dor so.) Paid upon the contents, in good silver, the second day of June, three hundred pounds Tournois, in the year one thousand, cccc. xxxvij. Item, the 10th day of the said month, fifty pounds Tournois. Item, the xvj. day of the said month, two hundred and fifty pounds Tournois. Item, the xxx. day of the said month, the sum of two hundred and thirty pounds, nineteen shil- lings, iij. d. and one farthing. HENRY THE SIXTH. G 7 1 143-4.. Instructions to the ambassadors sent by the king of France and the duke of Orleans to the earl of Suffolk to arrange a meeting at which to discuss the terms of peace between France and England . 1 Instruction, ou Memoibe, a monseigneur de Gau- CORT, GuiCHART DE ClSSE, CONSEILLIEllS, ET maistre Jacques Aude, secretaire du roy, de CE QUILZ AURONT A DIRE DEBAR LE DIT SEIG- NEUR ; ET AUSSI AU GOUVERNEUR DE BLOYS DE CE QUIL AURA A DIRE DEPAR MONSEIGNEUR LE DUC DORLEANS, AU CONTE DE SUFFOLK, ET AUTRES AMBAXADEURS DU ROY DANGLETERRE, EN- VOYEZ DEPAR LUI ES MARCHES DE PARDECA POUR LE FAIT DE LA PAIX DES DEUX ItOYAUMES. Premieremknt, leur diront les dits seigneur de a.J). 1444 . Gaucort, Guichart, et Aude, depar le roy, comment 30 March - The earl of Suffolk [Translation.] Instruction, or Memoir, to monseigneur de Gaucort, Guichart de Cisse, counsellors, and master Jacques Aude, secretary to the king, as to what THEY SHALL SAY ON THE PART OF THE SAID LORD ; AND ALSO TO THE GOVERNOR OF BLOYS AS TO WHAT HE SHALL SAY' UPON THE PART OF MONSEIGNEUR THE duke of Orleans, to the earl of Suffolk, and the OTnER AMBASSADORS OF THE KING OF ENGLAND, SENT BY* HIM TO THE MARCHES nERE CONCERNING THE BUSINESS OF A PEACE BETYVEEN THE TWO REALMS. In the first place, the said lord de Gaucort, Guichart nnd Aude, shall tell them, upon the part of the king, for transmission, and the outer leaf is much worn. E 2 1 From the contemporaneous copy in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7. No. 14. This document has been folded up G8 LETTERS AND PAPERS : lwSTat* l ° tro * s se P ma i nes > ou environ, mon dit seigneur Dorleans Calais. lui fist savoir que, par Valois son lierault venant tout droit Dangleterre, le dit conte de Suffolk lui avoit escript que lui et autres de la dite ambaxade descen- droient brief a Calaiz, et vindroient es marches dilec environ. Et a ceste occasion ordonna incontinent le roy aucuns de ses gens notables pour [aller] au devant de ceulx de la dite ambaxade, pour les conduire et amener jusques au lieu de Compiengne, ou en aucun autre lieu es marches de la riviere de Seine, au quel lieu il avoit ordonne que mon dit seigneur Dorleans alast. Et aussi mande a son chancellier, et autres notables gens de son conseil et de sa court de parlement, quilz tirassent celle part vers ceulx de la dicte ambaxade, pour adviser au seurplus a besongnier en la matire dessus dicte, ainsi que a faire seroit. Et envoia diligemment vers monseigneur de Bourgogne a ce quil envoyast de ses gens, tant pour conduire par ses how, three weeks ago, or thereabouts, my said lord of Orleans caused it to be intimated that the said earl of Suffolk had written to him by Valois, his herald, who was coming direct from England, that he and others of the said embassy would land shortly at Calais, and would come into the marches in that neighbourhood. And upon this occasion, the king immediately appointed certain men of mark of his own, to meet those of the said embassy, in order to conduct and bring them to the place of Compiengne, or some other locality in the neighbourhood of the river of Seine, to which place he had arranged that my said lord of Orleans should proceed. And likewise he directed that his chancellor and other notable people of his council and of his court of parliament should betake themselves from that side to those of the said embassy in order to advise with them, and further to arrange with them in the matter above-said, as was expedient. And he took care to send a message to monseigneur de Bourgogne that he would dispatch some of his people, as well to guide the HENKY THE SIXTH. 69 pays la dicte mnbaxade, quo pour estro avecques moil ait seigneur Dorleans et mon seigneur le chaucellier, que la dite ambaxade eust tire. Et envoya le roy Guillem Beslier, son bailly de Troys, diligemment vers mon dit seigneur le chaucellier, pour diligemment preparer et accomplir ce quo dit est. Item; diront aus diz ambaxadeurs que depuis et Tl« plan environ a xv. jours, le roy (par certaines lettres que hc ,. lnds at lo dit conte de Suffolk a escriptes puis nagaires tant HarOeur. a mon dit seigneur Dorleans, que aussi au seigneur de la Varenne, seneschal de Poitou), a sceu leur venue et descente a Hnrfleur, et que dilec devoient tirer a Rouen, puis apres en la ville du Mans ; qui est changement des dites premieres nouvelles ; et que pour ce incon- tinent le roy a fait assembler devers lui pluseurs des seigneurs de son sang, et especialment son beau frerc lc 'roy de Cecille, mon dit seigneur Dorleans, monseig- neur le conte du Maine, monseigneur Deu, monseigneur. said embassy through his territories, as to accompany my said lord of Orleans and monseigneur the chancellor, so that the said embassy should be conducted. And the king took care to send Guillem Beslier, his bailly of Troys, to my said lord, the chancellor, in order diligently to pre- pare and to accomplish what has been specified. Item • they shall say to the said ambassadors that since and about xv. davs ago, t'he king having ascertained (by certain letters which the said earl of Suffolk has written a short time a-o as well to my said lord of Orleans as also to the lord de la Varenne, seneschal of Poitou) that they would arrive and land at Ilarfleur, and that from thence they would proceed to Rouen, and after that to the town of Le Mans ; which is a change from the said first news ; hereupon the king immediately caused to come to him many of the lords of his blood, and especially his brother- in-law, the king of Cecille, my said lord of Orleans, mon- semneur the count du Maine, monseigneur Deu, monseig- 70 LETTERS AND PAPERS : de Yendosme et plusieurs autres seigneurs 1 et nobles, prelatz, et autres gens de son grant conseil, pour avoir adviz et deliberacion sur la conduite de la dicte ma- tiere ; et incontinent a fait envoy er par le dit seigneur de la Yarenne a Louviers et escripre a messire Jelian de Bressay et Jacques de Cleremont pour la conduite dicelle ambaxade jusques au dit lieu de Mans, selle en eust eu besong. Et oultre pour tousjours avenir la besongne des lors, escripvi et envoya derechief par devers raon dit seigneur de Bourgoingne, et plusieurs des autres seigneurs qui sont absens, pour leur faire savoir le changement de la dessente de la dite ambaxade, et pour les faire venir devers lui en cestes marches deca, ou y envoyer de leurs gens pour estre presens a besongner en icelle matiere. Et aussi a pour ce mande hastivement son dit chanceller venir devers lui, le quel neur de Yendosme, and many other lords and nobles, pre- lates and other personages of his great council, in order to have advice and deliberation how to conduct the said matter ; and immediately lie caused a message to be sent by the said lord de la Yarenne to Louvicres and that messire Johan de Bressay and Jaques de Clermont should be written to respecting the conveyance of the said em- bassy to the said place of Mans, if there were need for it. And moreover, with a view to the constant furthe- rance of the business from that time, he wrote and sent a second time to my said lord of Bourgoingne and many of the other lords who are absent, to intimate to them the change as to the landing of the said embassy, and to cause them to come to him in these marches here, or to send there some of their people to be present and give heed to this matter. And also, for this cause, he sent with haste for his said chancellor to come to him, 1 Seigneurs] An interlineation. HENRY THE SIXTH. 7 1 estoit a Paris attendant la elite ambaxade, pour ce que, comme dit est, on cuedoit quelle venist celle part. Item ; leur diront au9si que depuis le dit conto de Arrives at Suffolk a escript autres plus fresches lettres au dit ^ Ianb * seigneur de la Varenne, par les quelles lui a fait savoir leur venue et arrivee en la dite cite du Mans, lui requerant de les signiffier au roy, et quil leur feist savoir quelques nouvelles de son intencion, et ou son plaisir seroit quilz puissent venir devers lui. Item; leur diront oultre que quant le roy a sceu The king’s leur dite venue, et le desir quilz dient et monstrent avoir de diligeminent besongner et entendre au fait de thereupon, la diete paix, il a en este bien joyeulx ; car de sa part pareillement il a este, et est, et sera enclin, prest et dispose dy entendre en tous terrnes bonnes tea et rai- sonnables. Et pour ce envoye le roy pardevers et audevant deulx les dits seigneur de Oaucourt, Guichart, who was at Paris, waiting for the said embassy, because, as has been said, the belief was that it would come in that direction. Item ; they shall tell him also that since then, the said earl of Suffolk has written other more recent letters to the said lord de la Varenne, by the which he gave him to under- stand that they had come to and arrived in the said city of Le Mans, requiring him to signify it to king, aud that he should make them acquainted with some news as to his intention, and when it should be his pleasure that they might come to him. Item ; they shall tell him, moreover, that when the king knew of their arrival, and of the desire which they expressed and showed to have the matter of the said peace diligently looked into and attended to, he was herein exceedingly joyful ; for upon his part he has been, and is, and will be, equally inclined, ready and disposed to give heed thereto in all honourable and reasonable terms. And to this end the king has sent to meet them, the said lord 72 LETTERS AND PAPERS : The plans of the duke of Orleans et maistre Jacques au dits, pour les veoir et visiter, et leur faire savoir ce que dit est. Item ; et apres ce le dit gouverneur de Bloys leur dira, depar mon dit seigneur Dorleans, que pour ce que le roy est encore ung peu foible de sa personne al occasion de certain accident de maladie quil a nagaires eu, et aussi pour ce que al occasion de ce que Ion se atten- doit que la dite ambaxade deust descendre du coste de Calais, comme dit est, les gens de mon dit seigneur de Bounroin. Letter from Richard, Duke of York, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, respecting a marriage between one of the King’s daughters and Edward of York, the eldest son of the writer, after- wards King Edward the Fourth. 1 Tkks lmult, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, A.D.1445, et tres redoubte seigneur, je me reeommande a vous taut et si tres humbleinent que puis plus et scay. reeapitu- Et vous plaise savoir (juo par certaines voz lettres, previous rn iil vous a pleu envoyer, donnees a Nencey en Lor- com?*pon- , . , , . 1 done*, raine le xix. jour du moys dc revrier dernier passe, touchans la matere du manage de lune de mes tres honnorees dames voz filles et de Edou&rt do York, raon aisne filz ; et aussi par cc que men a dit et raporte de bouche mon tres chier et tres aine cousin le marquiz et conte de Suffolk, ay cogneu quo vous estos content de entendre au dit inariage; et quo [Translation.] Most high, most excellent and most powerful prince, and most dread lord, I recommend me to you in such wise as most humhly I can and know. And may it please you to know that by certain of your letters, which it has pleased you to send me, dated at Nencey in Lorraine, the xix. day of the month of February last past, touching the matter of the marriage of one of my three honoured ladies, your daughters, and of Edouart of York, my eldest son ; and also by what my very dear and well-beloved cousin, the marquess and earl of Suffolk, has reported to me by mouth, I have learned that you are pleased to take the said marriage into consideration; and 1 From the original letter, in the MS. Baluze. 9037-7, No. 35. 80 BETTERS AND PAPERS : quant vouldray envoyer mes ambaxadeurs pardevers vous pour .... la dicte matere, ilz y seront les bien venuz. J)e la quelle chose, tres lmult, tres king’s pro- tres puissant prince, et tres redou[bte] posal. excellent, et seigneur, je Would me suis moult console et esjoy, pour le singulier et vray desir que jay de acquerir votre amistie et acom- ta[nan]ce ; et de toute mon affection vous en remercye tres humblement. Vos dictes lettres par moy recoues, fu tantost dis- have sent p 0se jg en voyer pardevers votre luiultesce mes am- but ha* baxadeurs, pour la cause ; co que nay peu si tost vented™ ^ a * ro aocomplir que bien eusse voulu a locasion de until now. la venue pardeca de ma daine la royne, la quelle, depuis quelle fut aplicquee et arrivee en la ville de Pontoise, ay acorn paignee, comiue raison estoit, jusques a ce que elle fut montee sur mer pour aler en An- gleterre par devers le roy, vostre nepveu, et mon souverain seigneur. Si vous supplie tres humblement that when I should please to send my ambassadors to you to . . . the said matter, they would l>e welcome there. Concerning the which thing, most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and most redoubted lord, I am much comforted and joyful, in consequence of the singular and true desire which I have to acquire your friendship and society ; and with all my affection I thank you for it most humbly. Your said letters by me received, I was immediately in- clined to send my ambassadors to your highness, for the business ; n thing which I could not do and accomplish so speedily as I could well have wished, in consequence of the arrival, on this side, of ray lady the queen, whom, after that she was brought to and had arrived at the town of Pontoise, I have accompanied, ns reason was, until she had embarked on the sea to go into England to the king, your nephew, and mv sovereign lord. So I entreat you, most humbly, that HENRY THE SIXTH. 81 quo ose de envoyer ma dicte ambaxade par devers vostre dicte lmultesce, a tin de traictier, pourparler, et conclure sur le fait du dit mariacre. o Tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, et tres redoubte seigneur, plaise vous moy mander et of the delay of the mission of my said embassy to you, you would Ik* pleased to have and hold me excused. In order to declare more fully to you the causes of this said excuse, and other things touching the said matter under consideration, I send, at this present time, to you my well-beloved mess ires Richard Merbury, knight, and Jehan Ernoys, esquire, to whom, as concerns what they shall say and show to you at this time on my part upon the said matter, may it please you to yield full faith and credence, and to say or cause to say, and declare to them, the dis- trict in which you are, or shall be disposed to be, about the time of the fifteenth day of the month of May next following, at which time 1 am determined and entirely disposed to send my said embassy to your said highness, in order to treat, discuss, and conclude the business of the said marriage. Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and most dread lord, may it please you to send me and eom- VOL. I. F 82 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. commander voz tres nobles vouloirs et plaisirs, comme a cellui qui est prest de entendre alacomplissement diceulx de toute possibilite. Ce scet le Benoit Filz de Dieu, quil vous ait en sa saincte garde, et dount bonne vie et longue. Escript a Rouen, le xviij 0 . 1 jour Davril. Votre tres humble parent, Le due de York. R. York . 9 Drosayne. ( Dorso .) A tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puis- sant Prince, et tres redoubte seigneur, le Roy . 3 mand your most noble will uml pleasure as to one who is ready to give heed to the fulfilling of the same, as far as is at all possible. This knows the blessed Son of God, who havo you in Ilis holy keeping, and give you good life nml long. Written at Rouen, the xviij. day of April. Your most humble kinsman. The duke of York, R. York. Drosayne. ( Dorso ) To the most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and most dread lord, the king. ' rnij*."] These nnmemls are in- serted by a different hand in a space left for their reception. 3 The signature is autograph. * The paper upon which this document is written, is slightly damaged, and is without water- mark. Traces of a seal are visible. HENRY THE SIXTH. 83 1445. Letter from Richard, duke of York, to king Charles the Seventh upon the marriage discussed in the last letter. 1 Tuks lmult, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, et The duke tres redoubte seigneur, je me recommande a vous tres has re - Immblement. $£ ,he Kt vous pleise savoir que jay receu voz gracieuses K ™ lettres donnees a Heurres lez Saint Michiel en Bar- roiz, le xiiij. jour du moys de May nouvellement jwisse, a moy presentes par messieur Richard Merbury, chevalier, bailli de Oisors, et Jehan Harnoiz, es- cuier, bailli de Manfce ; et par icelles, et aussi par le raport des dessus nommez, ay sceu la bonne dispo- sition eu la quelle estes de entcndir a la conclusion [Translation.] Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and most dread lord, I recommend myself to you very humbly. And may it please you to know that I have received your gracious letters, dated at Heurres near Saint Michiel en Barroiz, the xiiij. day of the month of May lately past, presented to me by messieur Richard Merbury, knight, baillif of Gisors, and Jehan Harnoiz, esquire, baillif of Mnnte ; anil by them, and also by the report of the above- named, I have understood the good disposition in the which you are to further the conclusion of the mar- 1 From the original in the MS. 2875-4, No. 2. in the Supplement Fran^ais. F 2 84 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Suggests an altera- tion in the king’s plan. Sends another embassy. de manage de lune de mes tres honnourees dames, voz filles, et de mon filz aisne, . Edouart de York, dont je me suis parfaicteinent esjoy et console, et vous en remercie ; car jay bonne congnoissance que en plus hault lieu et parage ne pourroit estre colloque et assigne mon dit aisne filz. En voz dictes lettres est nominee Magdalene ; maiz attend u son tres tendre aage, et que naturaleinent et lo plus briefment que laage le donnera, je desire generacion proceder de mon dit aisne filz, veant par le raport des dits Merbuiy et Harnoiz que icellui mon filz aisne seroit daage plus convenient et sortis- sable avecque3 madame Jehanne de France, lune de voz dictes filles, je me suis arreste et determine a elle, se cest le bon plaisir de votre haltesce y enten- dre. Pardevers laquelle votre liaultesce et a celle cause je envoye presentement en ambaxade reverend pere en Dieu levesque de Bayeux, conseilleur de mon seigneur le roy, le dit messire Richard Merbuiy, riago of one of my three most honorable ladies, your daughters, and my eldest son Edouart of York, with which I am |H*r- fectly rejoiced and consoled, and thank you therein ; for I am well aware that my said eldest son could not Ik* placed in and appointed to a more lolly position and connexion. In your said letters Magdalene is named ; but consider- ing her very tender age, and that naturally and ns spee- dily as age will permit, I desire that issue should proceed of my said eldest son, seeing by the report of the said Merbury and Hnrnoiz that this my eldest son is of an age better adapted to and suitable for madam Jehanne de France, one of your said daughters, I have settled and fixed upon her, if it be the good pleasure of your highness to give heed thereunto. To which your highness and for this cause I send at this time, ns an embassy, the re- verend father in God the bishop of Bayeux, councillor of my lord the king, th * said messire Richard Merbury, HENRY THE SIXTH. 85 maistre Thomas Basin, doctcur en droiz canon ct civil, Jehan Declay, escuier , 1 tresorier de la depense de inon hostel, le dit Jehan Hernoiz, ct maistre Jehan de Drosayn, secretaire de mon dit seigneur le roy et le mien, pour parlor et conclure sur la dicte matiere, dont lour ay baillie pouvoir soufissant de nia partie. Les quelz, et les cinq oil les cpiatrc deulx, vous plaise de votre benign ite agreablement recevoir, et a ce cpie par eulx vous en sera dit et expose ceste foiz de ma part adjouster plenir foy et credence coniine a inoy mesmes, se present y estoye ; en inoy mandant et faisant savoir voz ties noble voulonte et plaisirs, pour entendre a lacomplissement diceaulx selon ma j»ossibilite. Tres liault, ties excellent, et ties puissant prince, et tres redoubte seigneur, je prie le Benoit Filz de master Thomas Basin, doctor in canon and civil law, Jehan Declay, esquire, treasurer of the expenditure of my household, the said Jehan Hernoiz, and master Jehan do Drosayn, secretary t" my i* l lord tin- king and i<> myself, to discuss and conclude upon the said matter, in which I have given them sufficient power upon my part. Whom, and five or four of them, may it please you of your grace to receive favorably, and to give ns full faith and cie- dence to what shall be said and told to you herein at this time on my part, as to myself, if I were there pre- sent ; sending and intimating to me your most noble will and pleasure, that I may give heed to the accomplish- ment of the same according to my ability. Most high, most excellent, aud most powerful prince, and my dread lord, I pray the Blessed Sou of God that 1 Escuier ] A hole in the paper makes the reading of this word somewhat uncertain. 8G LETTERS AND PAPERS : Dieu quil vous ait en la sainte garde, et doint bonne vie et longue. Date. * Escript a Rouen, le dixieme jour de Juing. Votre tres humble parent, Le due de York. R. York . 1 ( Darao .) A tres liault, tres excellent, et tres puis- sant prince et tres redoubt e seigneur le roy. Then , in another handj Lettres closes du due de York. He would have you in his holy keeping, and give you good life and long. Written at Rouen, the tenth day of June. Your very humble kinsman, the Duke of York. R. York. ( Dorso .) To the most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince and most dread lord the king. Closed letters of the duke of York. 1 Tlic duke’s autograph signature. The letter is slightly damaged. No watermark is visible. IIEXRY TIIE SIXTH. 87 JOURNAL OF THE EMBASSY SENT . INTO ENGLAND TO TREAT WITH HENRY THE SIXTH FOR A PEACE WITH FRANCE. Relation de l'ambassade de Loys de Bourbon, Comte de Vendosme ; Jacques Jouvenel des Ursins, archevesque de Rheims ; Guy, comte de Laval ; Bertrand de Beauvau, seigneur de Precigny ; Guillaume Cousinot, seigneur de Monstreuil, maistre des Requestes; et Es- tienne Chevalier, secretaire du Roy; envoyez en Angleterre vers le Roy Henry VI., et en leur compaignie les Ambassadeurs de Henry IIII., ROY D'ESPAGNE; DE llENE, ROY DE SeCILE et de Naples, duc d’Anjou; et de Jehan II., duc d'Alencon, pour traiter la paix, au mois de Juillet, mccccxlv. 1 1 From the MS. Baluze 8448-2, fol. 171, collated with MS. 9037-7, fol. 45, in the same collection. In the notes, these copies are dis tinguished, respectively, as A and B. For some further particulars re- specting these MSS. see the Intro- duction. It is probable that the above title did not occur in the original manuscript, but is an addition made by Baluze. 88 LETTERS AND PAPERS : [Translation.] A RELATION OF THE EMBASSY OF LoVS DE BOURBON, COUNT de Vendosme ; Jacques Joutenel des Ursins, arch- bishop of Riieims ; Guy, count de Laval ; Ber- trand de Beauvau, seigneur de Precigny; Guil- laume COUSINOT, SEIGNEUR DE MoNSTREl'IL, MASTER of the Requests ; and Estienne Chevalier, secre- tary TO THE KING, SENT INTO ENGLAND TO THE KING Henry VI., and in their company the ambassadors of IIenry IV. king of Spain ; of Rene, king of Sicily and Naples, duke of Anjou ; and or Jehan II. DUKE OF AlENCON, IN ORDER TO TREAT OF PEACE, IN THE MONTH OF JULY, MCCCCXLV. HENRY THE SIXTH. ■Si) Le Vondredy, second jour de Juillet, Ian mil, quatre cens, quurante cinq, laroevesque de Reins, le seig- neur de Precigny, maistres Guillaume Cousinofc et Kstienne Chevalier, ordonnez par le roy, avecques messieurs les eontes de Vendosme et de Laval, pour venir en ambassade devers le roy Dangleterre pour la matiere de la paix, arriverent a Calais, et avec- ques cube 1 messire Alphons, ambassadeur du roy Des- paigne ; 2 et la trouverent Jartiere roy darmes Damde- # ^ o terre, qui leur dist quil attendoit la la dite ambas- sade. Et la le dit areevesque porta sa croix ; et le lendemain , 3 apres quil cut clit sa inesse, sotfrit grant multitude de gens pour confermer les entans, et en confenna grant quantite. [Thaxslatiox.] Ox Friday, the second day of July, in the year one thou- sand, four hundred and forty-five, the archbishop of Reins, the seigueur do Precigny, masters Guillaume Cousinot and Kstienne Chevalier, appointed l»y the king, with messieurs the counts of Vendosme and de Laval, to come as an em- bassy to the king of England upon the subject of peace, arrived at Calais, and with them messire Alphons, ambas- sador of the king of Spain ; and there they found Garter, king-at-arms of England, who told them that he was there waiting for the said embassy. And there the said archbishop carried his cross ; and on the morrow, after- he had said his mass, a great multitude of people offered themselves for the confirmation of their children, and he confirmed a great many of them. 1 Avecques eulx] Written above the line in B. * Ambassadeur . . . Dtspaigne] Above the line in B. 3 Et le lendemain'] This passage, as far as the end of the paragraph, is a subsequent addition in B. A . 1 ). 1445. July 9. Friday. 90 LETTERS AND PAPERS : July 3. Saturday. July 4. Sunday. July 5. Monday. Le dit lendemain, troisieme jour du dit mois, les dis arcevesque, Precigny, Cousinot et Chevalier, pas- serent la mer et vindrent a Douvre au giste, et la trouverent le seigneur de Saint Pierre et le Beau- voisien, maistre J ehan Gillain et Alencon le Herault ; 1 lesquels 2 estoient arrivez de Bouloigne depar mon- sieur le due Dalencon, pour venir avesques la dite ambassade. Le Dimanche ensuivant le dit Jartiere retourna a Calais pour attendre mes dis seigneurs de Yendosme et de Laval; et laissa Bonneavanture , 3 poursuivant de messire Thomas Hoo , 4 pour aler loger et conduire les autres jusques a Cantorbery . 5 Le Lundy, cinquiesme jour du dit mois, les des- On the said morrow, the third day of the said month, the said archbishop, Precigny, Cousinot, and Chevalier, crossed the sea and arrived at Douvre at bed time, and there they found the seigneur de Saint Pierre and le Beauvoisien, master Jehan Gillain, and Alencon the Herald, who had arrived from Bouloigne on the part of monsieur the duke of Alencon, in order to come with the said embassy. On Sunday following the said Garter returned to Calais to wait for my said seigneurs de Vendosme and de Laval ; and he left Bonneavanture, the pursuivant of messire Thomas Hoo, to go to lodge and guide the others as far as Cantorbery. On Monday, the fifth day of the said month, the above- 1 Et le Beauvoisien . . . le Herault] An addition in B. 2 Lesquels] In B. the word “ seigneures ” has been added, hut afterwards struck through with the pen. 3 Bonneavanture] A blank has been left in the text of B. for the insertion of this designation, which has subsequently been filled in, as above. 4 De messire Thomas Hoo] An interlineation in B. but by the same hand. 5 Et conduire .... Cantorbery] A subsequent addition in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 91 sus dis arcevesque, Precigny, Cousinot et Chevalier, et ceulx Dalencon, vindrent a Cantorbery , 1 et la trou- verent les seigneur de Tuce, tresorier Danjou, et Sable, secretaire du roy de Secille, tous envoyez depar luy en la dite ambassade, qui estoient passez et venus deux ou trois jours devant. Le Mardy, sixiesme jour du dit mois, au matin, July 6. le dit arcevesque fut requis par le prieur du dit lieu Tuesda y» ou nom de larcevesque, de luy, et du couvent, de faire le service de la translation Saint Thomas, que estoit le lendemain. Ce quil octroya faire, et feist ce jour vespres et matines. Et le dit lendemain, jour de Mercredy, septiesme July 7. jour du dit mois, fist la messe et vespres apres dis- ^ dnes ' ner, et la fut grandement accompaignie au service, et la luy assisterent ung evesque qui est suffragant named archbishop, Precigny, Cousinot, and Chevalier, and those of Alencon, came to Cantorbery, and there they found the seigneur de Tuce, treasurer of Anjou, and Sable, secre- tary to the king of Sicily, all sent by him in the said em- bassy, who had crossed and arrived two or three days before. On Tuesday, the sixth day of the said month, in the morn- ing, the said archbishop was requested by the prior of the said place, in the name of the archbishop, himself, and of the convent, to perform the service of the translation of Saint Thomas, which was on the morrow. This he con- sented to do, and this day he performed vespers and matins. And on the said morrow, being Wednesday, the seventh day of the said month, he said the mass and vespers after dinner, and there he was largely accompanied to the service, and there he was assisted by a bishop who is Cantorbery\ Cantourbery, B. 92 LETTERS AND PAPERS : July 5. Monday. du dit Cantorbery, et le prieur, qui est crosse et mi- tre, et precedoit levesque; laccompagnoit aussi larce- diacre de Cantorbery, prothonotaire du pape et nep- veu de larcevesque, et plusieurs autres religieux de labbaye, tons ricliement revestus . 1 Et le dit jour de Mercredy furent les dis arcevesque et autres dessus dis grandement festoiez en la salle du dit prieur depar le dit arcevesque. Toutevoie les dis Dalencon, tresorier Danjou, et Sable, ny furent pas, pour ce quils voldrent disner plus matain. Le dit jour de Lundy, cinquiesme jour du dit mois, les dis seigneurs de Yendosme et de Laval, et les evesque de Nantes, chancellier de Bretaigne, senes- chal de Nantes, et Henry de Yilleblanclie , 2 arriverent au dit lieu de Calais , 3 et le lendemain passerent la suffragan to the said Cantorbery, and the prior, who is crossed and mitred, and preceded the bishop ; there accom- panied him also the archdeacon of Cantorbery, protonotary of the pope, and nephew to the archbishop, and many other monks of the abbey, all richly vested. On the said Wednesday the said archbishop and the others above-named were sumptuously feasted in the hall of the said prior by the said archbishop. Nevertheless the said Alencon, the treasurer of Anjou, and Sable were not there, because they wished to dine earlier. On the said Monday, being the fifth day of the said month, the said seigneurs of Yendosme and de Laval, and the bishop of Nantes, the chancellor of Bretaigne, the seneschal of Nantes, and Henry de Yilleblanclie, arrived at the said place of Calais, and on the morrow they crossed the sea and 1 Et plusieurs . . . revestus ] This clause is a subsequent addition in B. 2 Nantes et Henry de Ville- blancke'] Written on a blank ori- ginally left in the text of B. 3 De Calais ] Also written upon a blank space in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 93 mer efc vindrent a Douvre, efc le Jeudy ensuivant vin- drent a Cantorbery, et le dit Jartiere toujours avec- ques eulx. Le dit Yendredy ensuivant, neufuiesme jour, tous Ju|y9. les dessus dis vindrent a Rochestre, et la estoient mes- sire Robert Rooz et messire Thomas Hoo, qui vin- drent au devant deulx ; et dirent a mon dit seigneur de Yendosme que le roy Dangleterre navoit sceu la venue de la dite ambassade jusques au Lundy prece- dent a son coucher, et quil vouldroit bien recevoir la dite ambassade honnorablement, et en la presence des seigneurs de son sang et princes de son royaume, et que incontinent le lendemain les avoit mandez. Et pour ce requeroient que les dessus dis demourassent au dit lieu de Rochestre jusques au ce quils eussent 1 fait savoir au dit roy Dangleterre leur aprouchement au arrived at Douvre, and on the Thursday following they came to Cantorbery, the same Carter being always with them. On the said Friday following, the ninth day, all the above-said arrived at Rochestre, and there were messire Robert Rooz and messire Thomas Hoo, who came to meet them ; and they told my said seigneur de Yendosme that the king of England did not know of the arrival of the said embassy until the Monday previous, as he was going to bed, and that he would gladly receive the said embassy honorably, and in the presence of the lords of his blood and the princes of his kingdom, and that immediately on the morrow he had despatched them. And on this account they requested that the persons above-mentioned would tarry at the said place of Rochester until they had informed the said king of England of their arrival at the Eussent ] Here the style of the writing changes in B. 94 LETTERS AND PAPERS : clit lieu de Rochestre ; et quils eussent response de luy. La quelle chose ouye 1 monseigneur de Y andosme leur respondit quil en parleroit aux autres, et en parla a tous, tant aux gens du roy que des roys de Secille et Despagne, et aux gens de Bretaigne ; et dit levesque 2 de Nantes quils estoient la venus pour faire plaisir et service au roy de France, et que pour ce, et aussi pour obeir a leur prince, ils feroient ce que on vouldroit. Et finablement fut delibere leur respondre que tous estoient venus depar le roy et les seigneurs dessus dis pour la matiere de la paix et pour aler a la presence du roy Dangleterre, et quils estoient en son royaume et seigneurie ; et pour ce, et aussi quils savoient que cestoit bien le plaisir du roy de said place of Rochester ; and that they should have an answer from himself. When this matter had been heard, monseigneur de Van- dosme answered them that he would speak thereof to the others, and he spoke about it to all, as well to the king’s people as to those of the kings of Secille and Espagne ? and to the people of Bretaigne ; and the bishop of Nantes said that they were come thither to do pleasure and service to the king of France, and on this account, as well as to obey their prince, they would do what was desired. And in the end it was determined to answer them to the effect that all of them had come upon the part of the king and the lords above-said upon the business of the peace and to go into the presence of the king of England, and that they were in his kingdom and jurisdiction ; and on this account, and also because they knew that it was entirely the plea- sure of the king that in this matter as far as regards the 1 Ouye\ An interlineation in B. 2 Et dit levesque ] This passage, as far as the words “Et finable- ment,” forms an addition in B., where it is written in the margin. HENRY THE SIXTH. 95 faire en ceste matiere au regart du lien et temps davoir acces a la personne dn dit roy Dangleterre a son bon gre et plaisir, et pour ce quils estoient con- tens dattendre ail dit lieu a son plaisir. Mais ils luy supploient que le plus brief que faire se pour- roit, ils peussent aler vers luy et estre expediez. Requeroient aussi quils peussent, ou aucuns deulx, aler loger hors la dite ville de Rochestre, en quelque village, pour ce que on se mourroit au dit Rochestre, et ny avoit nulles eaues que sallees , 1 et en puis, et nen pouvoient estre bien aisiez, ne pour eulx, ne pour leurs clievaulx. La quelle response fut faite aus dit messages , 2 Robert Rooz et Thomas Hoo ; qui respondirent que incontinent ce jour , 3 mesmes toute nuit, ils envoy- eroient vers le roy Dangleterre, et que brief seroient mandez, et expediez le plus brief 4 quil pourroit. Et place and time at which access should be had to the person of the said king of England, it should be left to his good will and pleasure ; and consequently they would be pleased to wait at the said place at his pleasure. But they entreated him that in as brief a time as it were possible, they might go to him and conclude their business. They requested also that they, or some of them, might go to lodge outside the said city of Rochester, in some village, because there was a mortality in the said Rochestre, and there was no water but what was very brackish, and in wells ; and there they could not be well satisfied, neither for themselves nor their horses This was the answer made to the said messengers, Robert Rooz and Thomas Hoo ; who answered that immediately that day, though it were night, they would send to the king of England, and that they should speedily be summoned, and their business despatched as quickly as possible. And 1 Sallees ] Salees. B. 2 Messages ] Messires, in B. Cejour ] Le dit jour. B. Brief~\ Om. B. 96 LETTERS AND PAPERS : July 10. Saturday. July 11. Sunday. July 12. Monday. que an regard daler loger ailleurs pres de la en quelque village, ils en estoient bien contens. Le Samedy au matin, diziesme jour du dit mois, 1 * rnes dis seigneurs de Yandosme et de Precigny eurent lettres de monseigneur de Suffork, 3 par les quelles il leur escrivoit que le roy Dangleterre seroit le Mardy, ou Mercredy ensuivant, a Londres, et que le Jeudjr le verroient, et que les clioses estoient en bons termes et seroient brief expediez ; mais quil ne teinst a eulx, et quils neussent pas la boucbe si close comme avoient acoustume. Le Dimanche au soir, onziesme jour du dit mois, larcevesque de Heins, 3 Precigny, Cousinot et Chevalier, et le chevalier Despaigne, vindrent a Madoiston, a deux lieues de Rochestre ; 4 et le lendemain a matin 5 that as regarded their going to lodge elsewhere near at hand in some village, with that they were perfectly content. On Saturday, in the morning, the tenth day of the said month, the said seigneurs de Yandosme and de Precigny received letters from monseigneur de Suffork, in which he wrote to them that the king of England would he at London on the Tuesday or Wednesday following, and that on the Thursday he would see them, and that the business was in a good train, and would be speedily concluded ; but that he would not come to them, and that they should not keep their mouth so close as they had been accustomed to do. On Sunday in the evening, being the eleventh day of the said month, the archbishop of Reins, Precigny, Cousinot and Chevalier, and the knight of Spain, came to Madoiston, two leagues from Rochestre ; and on the morrow, in the 1 Le Samedy .... mois ] In the draft as it stood originally in B. the reading was, Le Dimanche au soir, xj. jour du dit moiz. This has been struck out, and the narrative, as given above in the text, has been inserted. 8 Suffork'] Sufok. B. 3 Larcevesque de Leins] Above the line in B. 4 A deux . . . Lochestre ] A mar- ginal addition in B. 5 A matin] An interlineation in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 97 y vinrent messires de Yandosme et de Laval et ceulx de Bretaigne ; et vint messire "Robert Rooz la, et Jartiere . 1 Ceulx du roy de Secille et Dalencon de- mourarent a Rochestre, et demoura messire Thomas Hoo avecques eulx. Le Mardy, treziesme jour 2 du dit mois, tous arrive- July 13. rent a Dertrefort ; et au vespre mes 3 dis seigneurs de Tuesda J- Yendosme, de Reins et de Laval, de Precigny, Cou- sinot et Chevalier furent 4 ensemble pour adviser quils avoient a faire ; et fut advise que le lendemain, quils devoient entrer a Londres, eulx et les autres ambaxa- deurs entreroient ensemble en bons et honnestes habil- lemens. Cest assavoir, lambassade du roy les premiers, et incontinent apres eulx messire Alphons, ambas- sadeur Despaigne, et ceulx du roy de Secille , 5 et puis morning, there arrived there messires de Vandosme and de Laval, and those of Bretaigne ; and messire Robert Rooz arrived there, and Garter. The people of the king of Secille and of Alencon continued at Rochestre, and messire Thomas IIoo remained with them. On Tuesday, the thirteenth day of the said month, all arrived at Dertreford ; and in the evening, my said seigneurs de Yendosme, of Reins and de Laval, de Precigny, Cousinot and Chevalier, assembled together to decide how they would act ; and it was determined that on the morrow, when they were to enter London, they, and the other ambassadors, should enter together in good and honourable garments. That is to say, the embassy of the king first, and imme- diately after them messire Alphons, ambassador of Spain, and the people of the king of Secille, and then those of 1 Et vint . . . Jartiere] Added between the lines in B. s Jour] Om. B. VOL. I. 3 Vespre mes] Vespre furent mes. B. 4 Furent] Om. B. 5 Secille] Cecille. B. a 98 LETTERS AND PAPERS: ceulx de Bretaigne, et puis ceulx Dalencon ; et que cet ordre seroit entre eulx tenu en autres choses, et a seoir en conseil , 1 et en tout. Secondement, fut advise que le lendemain au matin seroient mandez tous les dis ambassadeurs pour le leur dire, et aussi pour les advertir que en parolles 2 et en gestes, par eulx et par leurs gens, ils teinssent en tout et par tout bons termes, au 3 bien et lionneur du roy, et en eulx monstrant bien unis avecques et soubz luy au regard des dis seigneurs subjets ; et que lentencion de leur maistre estoit de suyvir le cheinin que le roy suivroit, fust ung, fust autre, sans ce que on peust apparcevoir chose parquoy on peust conjec- turer autrement, ne que ceulx des dessus dis qui sont subjets neussent et la reverence et lobeissance quils doivent avoir au roy. Et aussi que chascun deffendist Bretaigne, and then those of Alencon ; and that this order should be observed among them in other matters, and in their seats An council, and in everything. Secondly, it was agreed that upon the morrow in the morning all the said ambassadors should be summoned to be told this, and also to be cautioned that, in words and in actions, they and their people should observe, in all and through all, good behaviour, to the advantage and honor of the king, thereby showing themselves well united with and under him in regard to the said lords, his sub- jects ; and that the intention of their master was to follow the path which the king should take, be it this or be it that, unless something should appear whereby to judge otherwise, and that those of the persons above-said, who are subjects, had nothing but the reverence and obedience which they ought to have towards the king. And also that each one 1 En conseil] Au interlineation in B. 8 Parolles ] Paroles. B. 3 Termes , au] Termes en eaulx au, B. but the two middle words have been cancelled. IIENRY THE SIXTH. 99 a ses gens de prendre noises, claler de nuit, ne de parler on communiquer aux Anglois ne de querelles, ne de paix, ne de telles matieres. Fut aussi delibere de demander aux susdis leurs creances, et que ils ne feissent riens que premierement ils ne communicassent aux gens du roy, et quils ne presentassent leurs lettres si non apres celles du roy, et que les gens du roy auroient presente les dis ambassadeurs au roy Dangleterre ; en leur disant aussi que le roy avoit fiance es signeurs qui les avoient envoyez, et en eulx mesmes ; et que aussi, selon que les matieres surven- droient, on leur communiqueront. Ce dit jour arriva le roy Dangleterre a Wastmaistre, comine on dit. Et le lendemain, Mercredy, quatorziesme jour du dit Julyi4. mois, 1 environ neuf heurs, leur fut dit tout par lar- ^ dnes ' eevesque de Reins, eulx estant assemblez tous cbez should forbid his folio .vers to take up quarrels, to go out at nights, or to speak nor communicate with the English either about complaints, or peace, or such matters. It was also decided that the persons above-mentioned should be asked for their credentials, and that they should do nothing without previously communicating it to the king’s people ; and that they should not present their letters until after those of the king, and the king’s people had presented the said ambassadors to the king of England ; telling them also that the king had confidence in the lords who had sent them, and in themselves also ; and that also they should keep them informed of all such matters as might arise. This said day the king of England arrived at Westmin- ster, as was reported. And on the morrow, Wednesday, the fourteenth day of the said month, about nine o’clock, the whole was intimated to them by the archbishop of Reins, they being all assembled Mercredy . , . mots'] An addition between the lines in B. G 2 100 LETTERS AND PAPERS : monsieur cle Vandosme. Et premier respondi lam- bassadeur Despaigne moult lioimourablement, en disant quil nestoit la venu pour quelque cbose sinon pour servir et complaire au roy, et de son povoir semployer a son bien et honneur, comme pour les propres affaires du roy son maistre, et que ainsi le luy avoit charge, etc. 1 Ceulx du roy de Secille dirent quils avoient lettres et creance, et que vouluntiers communique- roient tout. Bretaigne dirent quils avoient lettres et creance pour exorter a bien de paix seulement ; et que (com- bien que pour le conte de Richemont et pour le fait de la mer, monsieur de Bretaigne eust bien a faire avec le roy de par deca) ils navoient charge que dexorter a paix, et de servir et complaire au roy, et fut en effet leur langage. in the house of monsieur de Vendosme. And first answered the ambassador of Spain very honorably, and he said that he had come there for no other purpose whatever but to serve and please the king, and to the best of his power to employ himself for his good and honor, just as he would do if the business of the king his master were exclusively that, and that the king had thus charged him, &c. The people of the king of Secille said that they had letters and credence, and that they would willingly com- municate all. Those of Bretaigne said that they had letters and credence to exhort towards the blessing of a peace only ; and that (although monsieur de Bretaigne had business enough with the king on the other side, as well with regard to the count de Richemont, as also with respect to naval affairs) they had charge only to recommend peace, and to serve and please the king ; and their language was to that effect. Charge , etc.'] So both in A. and B. IIEN11Y THE SIXTH. 101 Ceux Dalencon offrirent tout dire et moustrer bien plainement. Ce dit jour apres disner partirent tous les dessus dis et arrivent a Londres, et les conduiserent les dis inessire Robert Rooz * et messire Tlioruas ILoo, cjui estoient avecques eulx depuis Rochestre, ainsi quo dit est. Et au devant deulx jusques a environ une lieue de Londres vindrent premierement les contes de Suffork , 1 2 Dorset, de Saleberie, et de Chasteauberie , 3 et grant nombre de chevaliers et escuiers . 4 * Et un peu apres, environ demi quart de lieue, vindrent les dues Decestre et de V aruic et environ le quart dun quart apres vindrent les evesques de [ ] 6 et de Hely , 7 secretaire du due de Bouquinquan, le Prive Seel, lar- chidiacre de [ ]. 8 Tous lesquels recueillerent iliosc of Alencon offered to state and show everything quite openly. This said day after dinner all the persons above-said set out and came to London, and the said messire Robert Rooz and messire Thomas IIoo were their guides, having accom- panied them from Rochester, as lias been said. And to meet them, about a league from London came, first, the earls of Suffolk, Dorset, and Saleberie and of Chasteau- berie, and a great number of knights and esquires. And a little after, about the half of a quarter of a league, came the dukes of Ecestre and of Varuic ; and about the quarter of a quarter afterwards came the bishops of [ ] and of Hely, the secretary to the duke of Bouquinquan, the Privy Seal, the archdeacon of [ ]. All 1 Rooz ] Eos. B, 2 Suffork] Sufork. B. 3 Chasteauberie ] Shreusbere. B. 4 Escuiers ] Here in the margin of B. occur the names Scales, Petre (?) 3 Varuic~\ Varuye. B. 6 De [ ] Here a blank occurs in both A. and B. 7 Et de Hely] The passage, as far as “ Bouquinquan,” is blank in B. 8 De l ] Blank in both copies. 102 LETTERS AND PAPERS : les clis ambassacleurs honnorablement et joyeusement, et les amenerent par le pont de Lonclres jusques a leurs hostelleries. Estoient sur le pont de Londres les maire et bourgois, tous vestus de scarlate fourree de martres, arrangez deca et dela, et pouvoient estre bien soixante , 1 ou plus. Et avoit le maire lespee doree, que 2 ung homme tenoit devant luy. Et puis apres au long des rues estoient les mestiers, cliascun mestier abille 8 pareil et grandement ; et y avoit moult grant peuple a les veoir entrer, qui sembloit en avoir joye. Ce dit jour au soir les dis ambassadeurs du roy furont ensemble chez monsieur de Yandosme ; et fut dit la par monsieur de Precigny que monsieur de Suffork luy avoit dit que le lendemain au matin, environ neuf heures, on iroit vers le roy a Wast- maistre. tlieso received the said ambassadors honourably and joy- fully, and conducted them by London Bridge as far ns their residences. Upon London Bridge were the mayor and the burgesses, all dressed in scarlet furred with martin, ranged on either side, and there might be fully sixty or more. And the mayor had the gilt sword, which a man carried before him. And afterwards, along the streets, were the trades, each trade dressed uniformly and richly ; and there was a great multitude of people to sec them enter, who appeared to have joy thereat. On the said day, in the evening, the said ambassadors of the king assembled in the residence of monsieur de Yan- dosme ; and it was there mentioned by monsieur de Pre- cigny that monsieur de Sulfork had told him that on the morrow, in the morning, about nine o’clock, they should go to the king at Westmaistre. 1 Soixante] lx. B. Que I Qu< Abille] Habilli*. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 103 Et le dit lour de lendemain, que fut Jeudy, quinz- July -r ... , . \ . 1 • Thursday iesme jour de Juillet, messieurs les dues de Eouqiun- quan 1 et les contes de SufFork, Dorset et de Chasteau- berie, 2 vinrent querir les gens du roy jusques cliez monsieur de Vandosme, oil tous sestoient rendus, et allerent a Westmaistre par eaue, 3 et aussi toutes les autres ambassades, et y allerent ensemble, et tousjours les conduisoient les seigneurs dessusdis. Et trouverent le roy en une haute sallet, 4 sans lit tendue, dune tapisserie bleue, diapree, de la livree du feu roy, cest assavoir, de Cosses, et son mot “Jamais’* dor, et ung dosseret de tapisserie de 5 dames, qui presentoient a un^r seigneur les armes do France : et estoit tout sur or moult riche, et une haute chaire soubz le dit dosseret ; et lui vestu 0 dune riche robbe 7 longue jusques a terre, de drap dor vermeil. And on the said morrow, which was Thursday, the fifteenth day of July, messieurs the dukes of Bouquinquan and the earls of Suffolk, Dorset, and Chasteauberie, came, to fetch the king’s people, to the residence of monsieur de Vandosme, where all were assembled, and they went to Westmaistre by water, and also all the other embassies, and they went there together, and the lords above-men- tioned always conducted them. And they found the king upon a high stool, without a bed stretched over it, of blue tapestry, diapered, of the livery of the late king, that is to say, Pods, and his motto “Jamais,” of gold, and a back- piece of tapestry representing some ladies who present to a lord the arms of France ; and the whole was of gold, very rich, and a high chair under the said back-piece ; and he himself was clothed in a rich robe down to the ground, of red cloth of gold. 1 Bouquinquan ] Bouquingant. B. 2 Chasteauberie] Chenauberie. B. 3 Par eaue] An interlineation in B. 4 Sallet] Selet. B.. 5 De] Erroneously repeated in B, 6 Et luy vestu . . . vermeil] This passage has been added in B. be- tween the lines. 7 Robbe] Robe. B. 104 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Et si tost que le conte de Yendosme et larch- evesque de Reins, qui estoient les premiers, furent entrez en la dite salle, et que le roy les aparceut , 1 il descen- dit et se tint tout droit devant sa cliaire, et la atten- dit les dis ambassadeurs, et touclia tous ceulx du roy bien humblement, en ostant aus dis conte et arc- evesque son chaperon ung peu. Et venoient les dis ambassadeurs en cet ordre. Les dis de Yandosme et arcevesque ensemble, monseigneur de Laval apres, mes- sieurs de Precigny, Cousinot et Chevalier apres, et puis celuy Despaigne , 2 et puis ceulx du roy de Secille, et puis ceulx de Bretaigne, et apres ceulx Dalencon. Et avecques le roy estoient le cardinal Dyork , 3 le chan- cellier, arcevesque de Cantorbery, le due de Glocestre, le due de Cestre, le due de Warwic , 4 le Prive Seel , 5 et autres plusieurs. And as soon as the count de Yendosme and the arch- bishop of Reins, who were the first, had entered into the said hall, and the king perceived them, lie came down and stood exactly in front of his chair, and there waited for the said ambassadors, and took by the hand all those of the king’s party right humbly, taking off his hat a little to the said count and archbishop. And the said ambas- sadors came in this order. The said de Yandosme and the archbishop together, monseigneur de Laval afterwards, messieurs de Precigny, Cousinot, and Chevalier afterwards, and then he of Spain, and then those of the king of Sicille, and then they of Bretaigne, and afterwards they of Alen- con. And with the king there were the cardinal of York, the chancellor, the archbishop of Canterbury, the duke of Gloucestre, the duke of Chestre, the duke of Warwic, the Privy Seal, and many others. 1 Aparceut ] Eperceust. B. 2 Et puis celuy Despaigne] The draft in B. here reads, et puis celuy de Castelle, the words “ celuy de,” being above the line. 3 Et avecques . . . Dyork] An interlineation in B. 4 Warwic] Yaruic, B. 5 Le prive Seel] An interliueation in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 105 Et apres que les dessus dis furent eu la presence du roy, le dit arcevesque luy dist ainsi en effet, et en Francois , 5 pour ce que ainsi avoit este conclut entrc euls, et avoient sceu que le roy Dangleterre lentendoit bien, et aussi lavoit ainsi conseille le comte de Suffork. “ Tres liault et tres puissant prince, et tres noble roy, “ le tres Chrestien roy de France, vostre oncle, nostre “ souverain seigneur, envoye presentement 1 2 noble et “ puissant prince monseigneur Louys de Bourbon, “ comte de Vandosme et de Chartes, souverain maistre “ dostel de France, son parent et de son sang et “ lignage , 3 et monsieur le comte de Laval, seigneur “ de Vitre 4 et de Gaure, son cousin et beau nepveu *•' en affinite, et vostre cousin germain en affinite , 5 “ monsieur de Pressigny, son conseillier et cliam- And afterwards, when the persons above-mentioned were in the presence of the king, the said archbishop addressed him to this effect, and in French, because it had been thus determined between them, and they had ascertained that the kiim of England understood it well, and moreover the earl of Suffork had thus advised. “ Most high and most powerful prince, and most noble “ king, the most Christian king of France, your uncle, “ our sovereign lord, sends at the present time the noble “ and powerful prince monseigneur Louys de Bourbon, “ count de Vandosme and de Chartres, sovereign master “ of the household of France, his kinsman, and one of his “ blood and lineage, and monsieur the count de Laval, “ seigneur de Vitre and de Gaure, his cousin and nephew- “ in-law in affinity, and your cousin germain in affinity, “ monsieur de Pressigny, his councillor and chamberlain, 1 Et en Francois ] This passage, as far as the word “ Suffork” occurs as au addition in the margin of B. - Presentement ] An interlineation in B. 3 Son parent . . . lignage'] An addition between the lines in B. 4 Vitre] Vytre. B. 5 En affinite] These words do not occur in B. 106 LETTERS AND PAPERS : “ bellan, Cousinofc et Chevalier/' etc . 1 et desirant de tout son cueur de savoir 2 de son bon estat et pros- perite, et en tout cordial desir de lacroissement di- celuy en tout bien et honneur 3 luy envoyoit lettres, lesquelles monsieur de Yandosme tenoit, et les luy bailla. Item, et sont a noter cy deux choses ; lune, que des avant on sestoit conseille a monseigneur de 4 Suffork se on useroit de recommandation on salutation, et il 5 conseilla en effet de user de ce que dit est; et dist quil ne cuidoit point user a tours de recommandation, et pour ce il fut creu ; et conseilla aussi de parler en Francois, disant que le roy lentendoit bien . 6 Seconde- “ Cousinot and Chevalier,” etc., and that, desiring with all his heart to know of his good estate and prosperity, and with every cordial wish for the increase of the same in all good and honour, he had sent him letters, which mon- sieur de Yandosme held, and delivered them to him. Item, here two things are worthy of notice ; the one that deliberation had previously been had with monseigneur of Suffork whether recommendation or salutation should be used, and he advised, in effect, that the course mentioned above should be employed ; and he said that he did not think that any flights of recommendation whatever should be used, and herein he was credited ; and he advised also to speak in French, saying that the king understood it well. Secondly, it is noteworthy that monseigneur de Yandosme 1 Etc.] So both MSS. 2 Cueur de s avoir'] Cueur, la saintite et prosperite, de savoir, B. but the intermediate words are cancelled. 3 Tout bien et honneur'] The reading in the draft was originally, “ tout honneur et en bien,” but it has been reduced to that of the text. 4 De] In B. after this word is written “ Ses,” but it has been can- celled, and the reading proceeds as in the text. 5 It] An interlineation in B. 6 Et conseilla . . . bien] This passage is an interlineation in B. henhy the sixth. 107 ment, est a noter que monseigneur de Vandosmc dist quil devoit presenter les lettres, et non pas le prelat, ,„ais le dit prelat devoit parler et porter la parole. Et ainsy fut fait cette relation, et a son gre. Item, et le dit roy Dangleterre recent les dites lettres benignement et joyeusement, comme il sembloit et par 1 le dit arcevesque son chancellier fist due, cr Latin, quil estoit tres joyeus donyr nonvelles de tres hault et tres noble prince, son oncle de France, et comment il le faisoit. Luy fut respondu, par le di arcevesque, en Francois, que depar le roy son one o ils le mercoient de ce quil avoit fait dire et dema - dor; et que a leur partement le roy son oncle estoit on tres bon point ; et il fist respondre que lone fust Dieu, et quil en avoit grant joye. Et puis ■ tu « part ceulx qui estoient avecques luy, ct le dit chan- said that he ought to present the letters, and »ot thc p.elate hut that the said prelate ought to speak and to make the address. And thus the relation was made, and to his saus^actiom ^ ^ rf England received the said letters kindly and joyfully, as it seemed, and he ca " se ^ 1 t0 stated by the said archbishop, his chancellor, in Latin that he was ^ very happy to hear news of the most high and ‘cry noble prince, his uncle, of France, and how he was Ho^was answered by the said archbishop, in French, that they thanked him, on behalf of the king his uncle, for what he had said and asked; and that at their departure the kL his uncle was in very good health ; and he replied that God be praised for it, and that he had herem great ioy And then he took to one side those pet sons wh J W ere with him, and the said chancellor took them, and 1 Et par’] The passage ■words “ Et puis ” (see next 2 Et puis] Here ends the which here commences and ends with the note) is a marginal addition in the draft, marginal addition in B. 108 LETTERS AND PAPERS : cellier les prist, et les ouvrit et leust ; et puis dist aux dessus dis que le roy avoit veu les lettres de tres hault et tres noble prince et seigneur son oncle, et quil estoit tres joyeux douyr bonnes nouvelles de luy et de son bon estat, 1 et aussi que par les dites lettres il voit la bonne affection que le dit seigneur son oncle avoit a luy, et aussi la bonne inclination quil avoit a la paix, dont ils remercirent Dieu et luy. Dist apres que les lettres portoient creance, et que le roy verroit 2 vouluntiers et le plus bref quil pourroit, et bien bref ; et parloit le dit cbancellier en Latin. Apres les quelles parolles le dit arcevesque et les dessus dis se agenouillerent, et dist en brief que le roy avoit sceu par la relation de monseigneur de Suffork lamour et bonne affection que le dit roy son opened them, and read them ; and he then said to the persons above-mentioned that the king had seen the letters of the most high and very noble prince and lord his uncle, and that he was very joyful to hear good news of him and of his good estate, and also that by the said letters he saw the good affection which the said lord his uncle had towards him, and also the good inclination which he had for peace, for which they should thank God and him. He said afterwards that the letters contained a credential, and that the king would see it willingly, and as speedily as possible, and very soon ; and the said chancellor spoke in Latin. After these words the said archbishop and the above-said personages knelt down, and he said in brief, that the king had known, by the relation of monseigneur of Suffork, the love and good affection which the said king his nephew 1 Bon estat ] The draft in B. here read originally “ On demand,” but these words have been cancelled. 2 Verroit ] Lorroit. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 109 nepveu avoit a luy, et quil en avoit este, et estoit, moult joyeux, et len mercioit tres affectueusement ; et que pareillement, de sa part, il avoit a luy cor- dialle amour et entiere dilection, et singulierement entie tous les autres seigneurs de son sang et lignage apres monseigneur le Daulphin, son fils, et que aussi estoit il des plus prouchaines. Secondement, avoit le roy sceu la bonne inclination quil avoit a la paix, dont il avoit este, et estoit, bien joyeux, et en remercioit Dieu; et pareillement de sa part, pour honneur de Dieu et pour eviter leffusion de sang humain, et pour la proximite du lignage qui est entre eulx, qui y estoit le plus con- joint que on eust point lieu ne veu, 1 et la grant amour et affection quil avoit a sa personne, il desiroit sur toutes clioses que entre eulx eust bonne paix et raisonnable, et pour ces causes avoit envoye les dessus had for him, and that he lias been, and was, exceedingly joy- ful for the same, and thanked him for it very affectionately ; and that, in like manner, upon his part, he felt equally cordial love and entire affection to him, and especially amongst all the other lords of his blood and lineage after monseigneur the Daulphin, his son, and that also he was one of the nearest. Secondly, the king knew the good inclination which he had towards a peace, for which he has been, and was, very joyful, and thanked God for the same ; and in like manner upon his part, for the honour of God and in order to avoid the shedding of human blood, and out of regard to the nearness of the lineage which is between them, being the closest which can possibly exist, and the great love and affection which he had to his person, he desired above all things that there should be between them good peace and reasonable, and for these causes he had sent the persons 1 Qui y . . . ne veu] An interlineation in B. no LETTERS AND PAPERS : dis, ses parens et conseillers fiables, a deux fins et pour deux causes ; lune, pour le veoir, visiter et sea voir de son bon estat, prosperite et sante, duquel ouyr en bien luy est singulier plaisir ; lautre pour la dite matiere de la paix ; et leur avoit charge certaine creance, quils exposeroient quand il luy plairoit assig- ner heure et a son bon plaisir. Et 1 en disant les dites parolles le dit roy Dangle- terre faisoit tres bel 2 semblant destre tres content et tres joyeux ; et mesmement quant on parloit du roy son oncle, et de lamour quil avoit a luy, il sembloit que le cueur luy rist. Et a sa senestre estoit mon- sieur de Clocestre, quil regardoit a la fois, et puis se retournoit a la dextre a son chancellier et au conte de SufFork et cardinal Dyork, qui y estoient, en les above-mentioned, his kinsmen and trusty councillors, for two ends and two causes ; the one, to see and visit him, and know of his good estate, prosperity and health, of which to hear a good account is to him a singular pleasure ; the other was for the said matter of peace ; and he had given them in charge certain credentials, which they would produce to him when it should please him to assign them a certain hour and at his good pleasure. And while these said words were being spoken, the said king of England made a very good appearance of being well pleased and very joyful ; and especially when the king, his uncle, was mentioned, and the love which he bore towards him, it appeared that he rejoiced at the heart. And on his left hand were monsieur de Clocestre, at whom he looked at the time, and then he turned round to the right to his chancellor, and the earl of SufFork, and the 1 Et] The whole of this paragraph is an addition in B. The sentence stood originally thus ; “ Et le dit “ chauncelier respondit que le roy Dangleterre remerceroit Dieu et “ le roy.” It has been altered to the reading given in the text. 2 En disant . . . tres leT] Writ- ten above the line in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. Ill soubzrLant, et sembloit bien quil fist quelque signe. Et depuis fut dit par [ ] 1 2 quil estraignoit par la main son cliancellier, et luy dist en Anglois f “ Je suis moult joyeulx de ce que aucuns, qui cy “ sont, oyent ces parolles; ils ne sont pas a leur “ aise ” Et apres ces parolles son cliancellier commanca a parler, en remerciant Dieu et le roy de la bonne amour, et aussy de linclination du roy a bonne paix, et que le roy feroit savoir leure quil les orroit. Et le roy, ainsi que le dit chancelier parloit, savanca de luy et parla a luy Anglois, et nous fut dit depuis quil nestoit pas content quil ne disoit parolles de plus grande amitie. Et de fait vint aus dis ambas- sadeurs, et en mettant la main au chapperon et cardinal of York, who were there, smiling to them, and it was very obvious that he made some signal. And it was afterwards mentioned by [ ] that he pressed his chancellor’s hand, and said to him in English, “ I am veiy “ much rejoiced that some, who are present, should hear “ these words ; they are not at their ease.” And after these words his chancellor commenced speak- ing, thanking God and the king for the good love, and also for the inclination of the king for a good peace, and that the king would let them know the hour at which he could hear them. And the king, while the said chancellor was speaking, advanced and addressed him in English, and we were told afterwards that he was not pleased that he had not spoken words of greater friendship. And in fact he came to the said ambassadors, and putting his hand to his 1 Par [ ] Blank in both copies. 2 En Anglois ] In the draft in B. “ certaines paroles but the sen- tence has been afterwards extended to its present form by the translation given in the text. 112 LETTERS AND PAPERS : levant cle sur sa teste, dist deux on trois fois ; “ Saint Jehan, grant mercis ; Saint Jehan, grant mer- “ cis ; ,5 et les toucha arriere chascun, et faisoit plu- sieurs tres joyeuses manieres, et leur 1 fit dire par le dit conte de SufFork quil ne les tenoit point estranges, et quils feissent en sa maison comme en celle dn roy son oncle, et que a toutes heures ils y allassent et vinssent comme en celle du roy. Et apres le dit arcevesque se agenouilla, et dist que aussi estoient la plusieurs ambassadeurs venus pour acompaigner celle du roy et assister, et eulx employer en ce que besoing seroit 2 au bien des dites matieres. Cest assavoir, de par le roy de Cas telle, frere et allie du roy ; depar le roy de Secille, aussi hat and raising it from his head, he said two or. three times, “ Saint Jehan, grant mercis ; Saint Jehan, grant mer- “ cis;” and took each of them by the hand behind backs, and gave very many tokens of joy, and caused them to be informed by the said earl of Suffork that he did not con- sider them as strangers, and they should do in his house as they did in that of the king, his uncle, and that at all hours they should go out and come in there, as they did in that of the king. And after this the said archbishop knelt, and said that there were also there several ambassadors, who had come to accompany and assist that of the king, and to employ themselves in what might be necessary for the good of the said matters. That is to say, on the part of the king of Castelle, brother and ally of the king ; upon the part of the king of Secille, also his brother, and the father-in-law 1 Et leur] The remainder of the sentence is written, subsequently to the original draft, partly on a vacant space left at the end of the paragraph, and partly in the margin. 2 Et eulx . . . semV] An inter- lineation in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 113 son frere, et beaupere du (lit roy Dangleterre ; de par les dues de Bretaigne et Dalencon, et que autres des seigneurs de son sang, ainsi comme il croyoit, y en- voyoient de leur gens, qui venoient, et encore nestoient arrivez , 1 2 tous pour servir le roy au bien des dites matieres ; et que les aucuns de ceux qui ja estoient venus et estoient la, avoient lettres 8 pour luy pre- senter, et quils luy presenteroient quant il luy plairoit. Lors messire Alphons, ambassadeur Despaigne, qui la estoit, sagenouilla, et le roy luy toucha ; puis a ceulx du roy de Secille , 3 puis a ceulx de Bretaigne, et puis a ceulx Dalencon. Et les dis de Secille , 4 de Bretaigne, et Dalencon, presenterent leurs lettres, qui ne contenoient que creance, laquelle pour leure ils ne dirent point. of the said king of England ; upon the part of the dukes of Bretaigne and Alencon, and that others of the lords of his blood, as he l>elieved, would send thither some of their people, who would come, but had not yet arrived, all of them in order to serve the king to the furtherance of the said matters ; and that some of these who had already arrived and were there, had letters to present to him, and that they would present them when it should please him. Then messire Alphons, ambassador of Spain, who was there, knelt, and the king took liis hand ; then those of the kin" of Sicily, then those of Bretaigne, then those of Alencon. And the said [ambassadors] of Secille, Bretaigne and Alencon, presented their letters, which contained nothing but credence, which, because of the hour, they did not read. 1 Qui venoient .... arrive z] Between the lines in B. 2 Avoient lettres ] An interlinear addition in B. VOL. I. 3 Secille'] Cecille. B. 4 Secille] Cecille. B. H 114 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Et apres ces elioses, tous les dessus dis prirent congie du roy et sen retonrnerent a lenr logis, ou ils furent conduis par les due de Bouquinquan, 1 comtes Dorset, de Saleberie, 2 et de Chasteauberie, 3 et plu- sieurs seigneurs. Ce jour apres disner monseigneur de Suffolk parla a monseigneur de Precigny et au dit arceves- que, et leur dit que ils seroient le lendemain ouys ; et quil luy sembloit quil ne falloit ja user de grandes solemnitez de proposition, mais que priveement et familiarement ils deissent 4 ce que le jour precedant avoient dit en bref ; en concluant que quant et ainsi quil luy plairoit, ils estoient prestis 6 de communiquer des matieres et y besongner. July i6. Et le lendemain, qui fut Vendredy, seieiesme jour Frida y- du dit mois, fut fait sea voir aux dessus dis que And after these things, all the persons above-mentioned took leave of the king and returned to their abodes, whi- ther they were escorted by the duke of Bouquinquan, the earls of Dorset, of Saleberie and of Chasteauberie, and many lords. This day after dinner, monseigneur of Suffolk spoke with monseigneur de Precigny and the said archbishop, and told them that they would be heard on the morrow; and that in his opinion there was no need whatever for using great ceremony in stating their business, but that as private and familiar friends they should state what they had told in outline the day before ; concluding that they were ready to com- municate some matters and to give heed to them at the time and in the manner that would please him. And on the morrow, which was Friday, the sixteenth day of the said month, the above- said persons were given 1 Bouquinquan'] Bouquingan. B. 2 Saleberie] Saleberyc. B. 3 Chasteauberie] Chraubery. B. 4 Deissent] Dissent. B. 4 Prestis] Prestz. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 115 lapres disnee a trois lieures ils feussent vers le roy et ils seroient ouys. Et pour ce fut fait savoir a toutes les ambassades quils se rendissent a deux lieures cliez monsieur de Vandosme . 1 Et environs deux heures apres midy, les due de Bouquinquan , 8 comtes Dorset et Chasteauberie , 5 * vindrent cliez mon- sieur de Vandosme les querir ; et allerent tous, excepte eeluy Despaigne, qui estoit malade, et monsieur de Precigny, par eaue jusques a Wastmaistre , 4 et survint depuis monsieur de Precigny. Et en lattendant en la chambre du roy, aupres sa chambre de retrait, monsieur de Suffork dist au dis conte de Vandosme, arcevesque de Reins, et conte de Laval , 5 plusieurs bonnes parolles du roy ; et entre autres il dit tout hault que chascun le povoit ouyer (et si avoit la plusieurs princes et seigneurs to understand that after dinner, at three o’clock, they should go to the king and should be heard. And in consequence hereof it was intimated to all the ambassadors that they should meet at two o’clock at the residence of monsieur de Vandosme. And about two o’clock in the afternoon, the duke of Bouquinquan, the earls of Dorset and Chasteau- berie, came to the residence of monsieur de Vandosme to look for them ; and all of them, except the ambassador of Spain, Avho was sick, and monsieur de Precigny, went by water to Wastmaistre, and monsieur de Precigny arrived afterwards. And while they were waiting in the king’s chamber, near his privy chamber, monsieur de Suffork said to the said count de Vandosme, the archbishop of Reins and the count de Laval, many good words about the king ; and among others he said, quite aloud, so that every one might hear (as indeed did many princes and lords there, as the 1 Et pour . . . Vandosme ] An addition written in the margin of B. 2 Bouquinquan ] Bouquingant. B. 8 Chasteauberie] Chreauberie. B. 4 Wastmaistre] Watmestre. B. 5 Au dis . . . Laval ] An addition, written in the margin of B. 110 LETTERS AND PAPERS: comme les dues de Cestre, de Bouquinquan , 1 et de Yaruyc, les comtes Dorset et de Saleberie, de Chas- teauberie , 2 et autres), que il vouloit que chascun sceust quil estoit serviteur du roy de France, et que excepte la personne du roy Dangleterre, son maistre, il le serveroit de corps et de biens contre toute bomme ; et dit, “Je dy, excepte mon maistre sa “ personne ; je ne parle point des seigneuries, et “ nexcepte ne Daulpliin, ne Clocestre, en autre, fors “ sa personne.” Les dis arcevesque et comtes le remercierent au mieulx quils peurent ; et reytera les dits parolles de plus hault en plus liault trois ou quatre fois, en disant quil savoit bien que son 3 maistre le vouloit ainsi, et que cestoit la personne ou monde que son maistre aimoit mieulx apres sa femme ; et que en disant ce que dessus, il savoit bien que son maistre luy en sauroit bon gre. Et aussi dukes of Cestre, of Boiiquinquan, and of Yaruyc, the carls of Dorset and Saleberie, of Chasteauberie, and others), that lie wished' every one to know that he was a servitor of the king of France, and that with the exception of the person of the king of England, his master, he would serve him with his body and goods against all the world ; and lie said, “I say, “ except my master’s person ; I say nothing about lords, and “ I do not except either the Daulpliin, nor Clocestre, nor “ any other, except his person.” The said archbishop and the counts thanked him to the best of their ability ; and he repeated the said words more and more loudly three or four times, saying that he well knew that this was his master’s pleasure also ; and that this was the person in the world whom his master loved the best after his wife ; and that in saying what is stated above, he knew well that his master would be well pleased with him for it. And also 3 Que son] Que excepte son, B. I but the middle word is cancelled. 1 Bouquinquan'] Bouquingant. B. 2 Chasteauberie ] Chrauborie. B. HEN11Y THE SIXTH. 117 il avoifc taut veu de grant honneur et bien au roy de France, que il vouloit bien que chascun sceust quil le serviroit envers tous et contre tous, excepte la personne de son dit maistre. Apres que monsieur de Precigny fut arrive, les des- sus dis entrerent vers le roy en sa cliambre de retrait, et y entrerent aussi les autres ambassadeurs, et les dis 1 seigneurs du sang du roy, levesque de Constances, 2 le Prive Seel ; et trouverent la le roy tout droit sur 3 ung dressouer, et y faisoit bien oscur, 4 et estoit le roy vestu dune robbe 5 de veloux noir, longue jusques en terre. Et apres la reverence a luy faite, 6 le dit arcevesque dist la creance, contenant en effet ce que dit est, toute voye plus dilata ung peu, et bien brief, sans forme that he had seen so much of the great honor and excellence of the king of France, that he was very anxious that all should know that he would serve him in the presence of all men, and against all men, excepting the person of his said master. After monsieur de Precigny had arrived, the persons mentioned above entered into the king’s presence in his privy chamber, and the other ambassadors entered therein also, and the said lords of the king’s blood, the bishop of Coustauces, the Privy Seal ; and there they found the king [standing] upright against a cupboard, and it was very dark there, and the king was dressed in a robe of black velvet, down to the ground. And after reverence had been made to him, the said archbishop read the credential, which contained in import what had been stated, yet he enlarged it a little, but very shortly, 1 Et les dis , . . Prive Seel J This passage is an interlineation in B. 2 Coustances] Coustencey (?) B. 3 Droit st/r] Droit epuye sur. B. 4 Oacm/-] Obscur. B. 5 Robbe ] Robe. B. 6 Faite'] The draft, as it originally stood in B., here added “ il fust,” but these words have been can- celled. 118 LETTERS AND PAPERS: de proposition solempnelle, pour ce que le conte de Suffork lavoit ainsi counseille. Luy remonstra lamour que le roy avoit a luy, et durant la guerre mesme comment il faisoit honnorablement traiter ses gens, quelque part quil les trouvast, fust en prenant villes, ou quant ils venoient prisonniers, par sauf conduit ou autrement , 1 en les laissant venir jusques a sa per- sonne ; et depuis la venue du dit conte, encores est acreue cet ameur ; et le roy parle a luy familiaire- ment et priveement, comme il scet, et comment pour ce, et pour le bon rapport que le dit conte de Suf- fork luy avoit fait de lamour que le dit roy , 2 son nepvue, avoit a luy, il sestoit de bon cueur employe ou fait de son mariage en propre personne, non ob- stant quil eust este malade, et comment il fit com- without the form of a ceremonial proposition, because the earl of Suffork had advised this, lie showed him the love the king had towards him, and even during the war how he had caused his people to be honorably treated, wherever he found them, whether in the capture of towns, or when they arrived as prisoners, by safe conduct or otherwise, permitting them to come into his presence ; and that since the arrival of the said earl, this love is yet further increased ; and the king speaks of him as a familiar and confidential friend, as he knows, and how in consequence hereof, of the good report which the said earl of Suffork had made to him of the love which the said king, his nephew, had towards him, he had personally employed himself, with all his heart, in the business of his marriage, notwithstanding that he had been ill, and how 1 Ou autrement'] The passage which here commences and ends with the words “comme il scet,” three lines lower in the text, is an addition in B. written partly at the bottom of the page and partly in the margin. 2 Le dit roi/] B. here incorrectly adds “ avoit,” which occurs also presently after. HEN It Y THE SIXTH. 119 lnuniquer en la matiere de la paix ; et combien que lors il eust son annee prest, et avecques luy 1 2 tous les seigneurs de son sang, luy promettans service a quelque fin quil vouldroit tendre , 8 consenti et octroya treve, on esperanco de paix ; et apres comment, le plus brief quil a peu, a fait expedier la royne a ceulx qui lestoient venue querir, en excusant le retardement ct la maniere de locupation du roy et de son frere de Secille ; 3 et comment, quant il avoit sceu larrive- ment vers luy, en avoit este, et est, tres joyeux ; desirant leur bon estat et prosperite, accroissement de tout lonneur et bomie lignee et generacion, au bien de lamite perpetuelle deux deux et de leur lignee , 4 et de 5 son royaume et de celuy Dangleterre j 6 et pour ce ces- lie had interested himself in the matter of the peace: and that although his army was at that time ready, and there were with him all the lords of his blood, who promised him their service for whatever purpose he would employ himself, yet he consented to mid granted a truce, in the hope of peace ; and afterwards how, as speedily as he could, he caused the queen to be dispatched to those persons who were come to fetch her, excusing the delay, and the manner of the king’s occupation, and that of his brother of Secille ; and how when he knew of her arrival where he was, he was, and is, very joyful thereat, de- siring their good estate and prosperity, their increase in all honour and in good descent and issue, to the advan- tage of the perpetual friendship between them two and their successors, and of his kingdom and that of England ; 1 Et avecques luy] “Toute voye il,” B. but afterwards cancelled and the words “ et avecques luy ” added instead, above the line. 2 Tendre] B. here adds “ sencon- descende,” but the word is can- celled. 3 Secille] Cecille. B. 4 Deux deux . . . lignee ] An ad- dition above the line in B. 5 Et de ] Et confederacion de, B. I but the second word is erased. 6 Dangleterre ] An interlineation in B, which adds immediately after- wards “ de son dit nevieu,” but these words are cancelled. 120 LETTERS AND PAPERS : toit lune des causes de leur envoy, que pour savoir du bon estat et prosperite des dis roy et royne, et pour les veoir et visiter, et luy en faire certain rapport , 1 quil aura a tres grant joye et plaisir. Secondement, dit quils estoient envoy ez pour le fait de la paix ; et combien que autresfois en telles matieres on ait accoustume, et mesmement leurs predecesseurs, duser de grandes solennitez, et de chascun magnifier son fait et son droit, et garder plusieurs autres estranges manieres, toutevoye de present le roy veult garder tous autres termes, et veult proceder plainement et ouverte- nient, et sans faire difiiculte de parler et dire 2 3 quil voult et desire bonne paix a vous trop plus que guerre, ne de vous dire et faire remonstrer ce que le y meut, et aussi vous y doit mouvoir, et si fait il, and that this was one of the causes of their mission, as also to know of the good estate and prosperity of the said king and queen, to see them and visit them, and to give him a certain report thereof, which would be very great joy and pleasure. Secondly, he said that they were sent upon the business of the peace ; and although upon previous occasions in such matters the custom has been, and especially among their predecessors, to use great ceremonies, and that each side should magnify his own procedure and right, and observe several other strange usages, nevertheless, at the present time the king desires to observe totally different terms, and wishes to proceed plainly and openly, and without making any difficulty in speaking to say and state that he wishes and desires good peace with you much more than war, and to tell you and let you know what it is that moves him herein, and which also ought to move 1 Rapport ] B. here adds “ du quelle,” but cancels the addition. 3 Dire] B. here read originally “ dire en que le,” but the reading has been conformed to that of the text. HEN11Y THE SIXTH. 121 coniine il croit luy, cent assavoir, lonneur et reverence de Dieu, quil la commande et a Moyse et a ses Apo- stles eviter leffusion de sang et autres inconveniens ; la proximite de lignage, qui est entre eulx plus grande <[ue oncques entre deux maisons ; lamitie quils ont, etc. Et que pour ce 1 2 estoient les dessus dis venus pour y besongner a son bon plaisir, avecques tels, et quant il luy plairait. En oyant les quelles parolles il sembloit que le dit roy Dangleterre eust grant joye et grant, plaisir. Et apres 3 tira a luy les dis seigneurs qui estoient avecques luy, et le Prive Seel ; puis rapellerent les dessus dis, ct recita monseigneur de Suflork ce quils avoient dit, et puis dit que le roy avoit grant joye you, and so it does, as lie thinks, that is to say, the honour and reverence of God, who has commanded both Moses and his Apostles to avoid the spilling of blood and other mischiefs ; the nearness of relationship, which is closer between the two houses than at any previous period ; the friendship which they have, etc. And that, for these causes, the persons above-mentioned have come to employ themselves therein, to his good pleasure, with such persons and at such times as it should be agreeable to him. In hearing these words it appeared that the said king of England °had great joy and great pleasure. And after- wards he took to one side with him the said lords, who were in his company, and the Privy Seal; afterwards they summoned the parties above-mentioned, and mon- seigneur of Suffork repeated what they had said, and then he added that the king had great joy in hearing 1 Etc.'] So in both MSS. I 3 Apres] Apres seff . . . . , was 2 p our ce ] b. here adds and can- the original reading in B., but the cels “ sont.” * unfinished word is cancelled. 122 LETTERS AND PAPERS : douyr nouvelles de tres liaut et tres excellent prince le roy son oncle, et quil avoit amour a luy plus que a personne du monde apres le royne sa femme ; et que il avoit vouloir a la paix plus que a chose du monde ; et moult dautres bonnes parolles ; et que le roy commettroit de ses gens a communiquer avecques les dis ambassadeurs du roy. Apres monsieur de Vandosme dit que monsieur de Suffork avoit tellement fait avecques le roy, et luy avoit fait si bon rapport du roy, son nepveu, quil avoit gaigne son cueur ; et puis quils estoient si amis, maudit fust il qui leur conseilleroit avoir guerre ensemble ; et chascun qui la estoit dit, “Amen/’ Puis le roy les appella a luy, et la parlerent a luy familiarement ; et luy fut dit, entre autres choses, que le roy et luy pouvient mieulx faire paix ensemble que oncques, et que chascun avoit ses subgiez bien news of the very high and most excellent prince the king, his uncle, and that he had more affection for him than for any other person in the world, after the queen his wife ; and that he was more desirous for peace than any other thing in the world ; and many other good words ; and that the king would appoint certain of his people to communicate with the said ambassadors of the king. Afterwards monsieur de Vandosme said that monsieur of Suffork had dealt thus with the king, and had given him such a favourable report of the king, his nephew, that he had gained his heart ; and now that they were upon such friendly terms, cursed be he who would advise them to go to war together ; and every one who was there said, Amen. Then the king called them to him, and there they talked to him familiarly. And he was told, among other things, that the king and he could more easily conclude peace together than ever, and that each of them had his HEN 11 Y THE SIXTH. 123 unis soubz luy. Et monsieur de Suffork dit tout hault que luy estant en France il fut bruit que monsieur de Glocestre faisoit empescbement au roy , et que le roy softroit a y venir en personne luy ayder, mais que le dit sieur de Suffork respondit quil no lo creut point; et que monsieur de Glocestre no le vouldroit faire, et aussi navoit il pas le povoir. Et a une autre lois dit tout hault que la secoude personne du monde 1 que le roy aimoit mieulx, cestoit le roy, son oncle. Et le roy 2 respondit, “ Saint Jelian, “ ouy et aucunes fois en Anglois. Finablement, il ordonna la que le cardinal Dyork, le dit conte de Suffork et messire Raoul 3 le Bouteiller, grant Tresorier Dangleterre, commimiqueroient avec- t[ues eulx sur le fait de la paix, etc . 4 Et apres plu- subjects well united under him. And monsieur of Suffork said, quite aloud, that when ho was in France there was a report that monsieur of Glocestre was a hindrance to the king, and that the king offered to come there in person to assist him, but that the said sieur of Suffolk answered that he did not give any credence whatever to it ; and that monsieur de Glocestre would not do so, and moreover that he had not the power. And at another time he said quite aloud, that the second person in the world whom the king loved best was the king, his uncle. And the king answered, tf Saint Jelian, ouy,” and some- times in English. In the end, lie directed there that the cardinal of York, the said earl of Suffork, and messire Raoul le Bouteiller, grand Treasurer of England, should communicate with them upon the business of the peace, etc. And after much 1 Du monde ] An interlineation in B. 2 Le roy ] Written above the line in the draft in B. which immediately adds and then cancels “plusieurs et.” 3 Baoul] Om. B, 4 Etc.'] So both A, and B. 124 LETTERS AND PAPERS : July 17. Saturday. sieurs par oil es, quant les dessus dis vouloient partir, il disoit “ Nany,” et les retenoit, et sembloit quil fust tres aise de les veoir, mais il ne parloit autrement a eulx. Apres ils prirent congie et seslonguerent, lors ceulx de Bretaigne dirent leur creance, et ne loyrent pas ceulx du roy, mais on disoit quils avoient exorte a paix, en monstrant les biens dicelle en general ; et en parlant du roy lappelloient, “Le roy, vostre oncle,” et le plus le nommoient le premier. Ce fait ils sen department; et furent les dis ambas- sadeurs reconduis par les dis due de Bouquinquan , 1 comtes Dorset et de Chasteauberic , 2 jusques chez mon- seigneur de Vandosme. Le lendemain, qui fu Samedy, dix septiesme jour de Juillet, le roy sen alia a Wyndezore ; 3 et mon- conversation, when the persons above-said wished to leave, he said, “ No,” and detained them, and he appeared to he much pleased to see them, hut he did not speak other- wise to them. After they had taken their leave and departed, then those of Bretaigne read their credentials, and the king’s party did not hear them, but it was reported that they had advised peace, hy showing its advantages in general ; and in speaking of the king they called him, “ The king, “ your uncle,” and for the most part they named him first. This done they departed ; and the said ambassadors were accompanied hack again hy the said duke of Bouquinquan, the earls of Dorset and Chasteauberic, to the abode of mon- seigneur de Vandosme. On the morrow, which was Saturday, the seventeenth day of July, the king went to Wyndezore ; and monseig- 1 Bouquinquan ] Bouquinqan. B. I 3 Wyndezore ] Vuynezore. B. 2 Chasteauberic] Chenaubery. B. I HENTIY THE SIXTH. 125 seigneur do Vandosme so desloga, et vint loger en lostel (le Saleberic , 1 2 qui luy avoit este apparedle ; et monseigneur de Precigny en lostel de monseigneur de Suffork ; et le conte de Laval au Lion ou faulx bourc en allant a Wastmaistre , 3 4 pres de monseigneur de Vandosme. . T , Et le Dimenche, dixhuitiesme, au matin, larcevesque Juiyjs. de Reins vint logier en lostel des due de Waruic, qui luy avoit aussi este appareillie. Lapres disnee le due de Bouquinquan 5 les mena aux Cordeliers, et puis a labbaye de Wastmaistre , 6 veoir les sepultures et or- nements, qui y sont moult riclies. Lundy, dix neufuiesme jour de Juillet, les ambas- sadeurs du roy 7 receurent 8 les lettres du roy, et mes- neur de Vandosme removed from his lodging and came to lodo-e in the house of Saleberic, which had been prepara for* him; and monseigneur de Precigny in the house of monseigneur of Suffork ; and the count de Laval at the Lion, in the suburb, on the road to Wastmaistre, neat to monseigneur de V andosme. And on Sunday, the eighteenth, in the morning the archbishop of Reins came to lodge in the house of the duke of Waruic, which also had been prepared lor him. After dinner the duke of Bouquinquan took them to the Cordeliers, and then to the abbey of Westminster, to see the tombs and ornaments, which there are very rich. On Monday, the nineteenth day of July, the ambassadors of the kins received the king’s letters and those of mes- ' De Saleberic'] Omitted in B. a blank being left for its insertion. 2 Lion] Lyon. B. 3 Wastmaistre] Watmaistre. B. 4 Waruic] Varouic. B. 5 Bouquinquan] Bouquinqan. B. 6 Wastmaistre] Watmestre. B. Here ends the draft in the MS. B. but another leaf occurs in the same volume at f. 57. which furnishes the following notes. 7 Les ambassadeurs du my] An interlineation in B. 9 Receurent] The draft in B. ori- ginally read “ receuroms,” but the termination is altered. 12 G LETTERS AND PAPERS : sienrs les chancellier et confce Devreux , 1 contenant le traitie et appointement fait avecques madame de Bourgongne ; les quelles lettres furent leues en lostel de monseigneur de Yandosrae, tous les ambassadeurs du roy presenst. Et sur le contenu dicelles fut delibere par ines dis seigneurs ambassadeurs que on nen 2 fist pas grant bruit ne grant semblant, et que on le dist au chevaucheur, et de luy dist monseigneur de Pre- cigny. Item, reeeurent 3 le dit jour lettres de monseigneur de Bourgongne par un chevaucheur de son eseurye, contenant en brief lexcusation du retardement de son ambassade, qui estoit ordonne depar luy par le bon plaisir du roy 4 pour venir en Angleterre avecques sieurs the chancellor and the count Devreux, containing the treaty and agreement which had been made with madame de Bourgongne ; and these letters were read in the residence of monseigneur de Yandosme, all the ambas- sadors of the king being present. And deliberation having been had upon their contents by the said lords, the ambassadors, it was decided that no great talk should be made about them, or much notice taken of them, and that the courier should be told as much, and monseigneur de Precigny told him so. Item, on the same day they received letters from mon- seigneur de Bourgongne by a courier, one of his equerries, containing the import of his excuse for the delay of his embassy which, as it had been determined, with the king’s good pleasure, should come into England along with them, 1 Et messieurs . . . Devreux~\ This clause forms a marginal addi- tion in B. 2 Que on neii\ The conclusion of the sentence is a subsequent addi- tion in the draft, -where it is written partly between the lines and partly in the margin. 3 Reeeurent ] In B. originally “ receurons.” 4 Depar luy . . . du roy ] An in- terlineation in B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 127 eulx, 1 se il east eu 2 sauf conduit, pour le quel impetre avoit envoye en Angleterre, mais encores navoit eu 3 de nouvelles, mais derechief pour mesme cause 4 y a envoie son dit chevaucheur. En les 5 priant par icelles lettres que ou cas que il auroit difficult^ de obtenir le dit sauf conduit, ils 6 le voulsissent 7 faire expedier pour lavancement de sa dite ambassade, laquelle il afermoit envoyer incontinant que il pourroit avoir le dit sauf conduit. Item, en oultre les 8 prioit et requeroit par ces dites lettres que en la matiere de paix pour laquelle ostions venus au dit pays Dangleterre, ne voulsissions riens conclurre jusques a la venue de sa dite am- bassade ; en recitant comment par le traictie dentre if it had obtained a safe conduct, to procure which he had sent into England, but having hitherto received no intelli- gence he had again despatched thither his said courier for the same cause. And he entreated them, by the same letters, that, in the event of any difficulty occurring in obtaining the said safe conduct, they would be so good as hasten it for the despatch of his said embassy, which he affirmed he would send immediately upon his being able to procure the said safe conduct. Item, and moreover, he prayed and required them by his said letters, that in the matter of the peace for which we were come to the said country of England, we would conclude nothing until the arrival of his said embassy ; repeating how by the treaty between the king and him, 1 Eulx~\ Originally “ nous,” but cancelled in B. 2 Eu] Faite in B., but that read- ing has been cancelled. 3 Navoit eu] Navoit point eu. B. 4 Cause] B. here adds and can- cels “ il.” 5 Les] Originally “ Nous ” in B., but altered. 6 Ils] Que nous, B. originally, but corrected. 7 Voulsissent] Voulissons, B. ori- ginally. 8 Les] Noz, B. but corrected. 128 LETTERS AND PAPERS : le roy et luy, riens ne se doit 1 en la matiere de paix avecques les Anglois terminer 2 sans le consentement de dit monseigneur de Bourgongne, et aussi que ainsy luy a fait sea voir 3 le roy, que il veult que ses am- bassadeurs soient par tout pris , 4 et que ils 5 saichent tout. Pourquoy fut delibere que on parleroit du dit sauf conduit a monseigneur de Suffork, et ou il ap- partiendroit. Item, le dit jour, a leure de huit heures au matin, les dis ambassadeurs se transporterent 6 de lostel de mon dit seigneur de Yandosme en lostel des Jacobins, ou estoit 7 monseigneur 8 larcevesque Dyork, cardinal, lequel ils trouverent 9 au refectouer neuf des dis Jaco- nothing ought to be concluded in the matter of a peace with the English without the consent of the said mon- seigneur de Bourgongne, and also that the king had told him as much, that he was desirous that his ambassadors should be comprehended in the whole, and should know everything. Wherefore it was determined that the said safe conduct should be mentioned to monseigneur de Suffork, and at the fitting opportunity. Item, the said day, at eight o’clock in the morning, the said ambassadors removed from the residence of my said seigneur de Yandosme to the ’house of the Jacobins, where mon seigneur the archbishop of York, the cardinal, was, whom they found in the new refectory of the said Jacobins, 1 Doit] Doibt. B. 2 Terminer ] Om B. 3 Scavoir ] An interlineation in B. 4 Pm] Presens. B. 5 Ils] II. B. c A leure transporter ent] Originally nous transportasmes in B. but cancelled to make way for the reading of the text, which is an interlineation. 7 Estoit] Estoit logie, B., but the variation is cancelled. 9 Monseiyneur] Originally mon- seigneur le cardinal in B. 9 Ils trouverent] Nous trouvasmes is the original reading in B., that given in the text being an inter- lineation. HENRY TIIE SIXTH. 129 bins, et estoient avecques luy 1© compte cle Suffolk, et le Tresorier du dit 1 2 roy D angle terre, nomme messire Guillaume Bouteillier, 3 lcsquels, avecques le dit car- dinal, estoient deputez de par le dit roy et son conseil pour conferer avecques eulx 4 sur la matiere de la paix en particulier. Tantost se retrayrent les dis ambassadeurs et les dis trois deputez en une chambie apart, et apres aucunes parolles dites deca et dela qui commanceroit, monseigneur de Suffork dit quil avoit este vers le roy a Tours, et que la il avoit communique avesques luy bien priveement de sa grace, et avoit dit au roy sa charge, qui estoit en effet de demander Guyenne et Normandie, et les autres terres esquelles les rois Dangleterre avoient droit avant la and with them were the earl of Suffork and the treasuiei of the said king of England, named messire Guillaume Bouteillier, who, along with the said cardinal, were depu- ties especially appointed on the part of the king and his council to confer with them upon the matter of the peace. Immediately the said ambassadors and the said three de- puties withdrew into a chamber apart, and after some words spoken on this side and on that, as to who should begin, monseigneur de Suffork said that he had been with the king at Tours, and that there by his favour he had communicated with him most unreservedly, and had told the king his charge, which was in effect to demand Guienne and Normandy, and the other countries in which the kings of England had right before the question of the 1 Suffork ] Shufort, B. 2 Bit] An interlineation in B. 3 Bouteillier] Boutelier. B. 4 Eulx] The original reading is “nous” in B., the correction being added above the line. VOL. I* Here ends the draft contained in MS. B. fol. 57. The reverse of that leaf furnishes a passage which will be given in an Appendix. It has been entirely cancelled in the 1 manuscript. I ISO LETTERS AND PAPERS : question de la couronne ; et que autre puissance navoit lors, et que pour ce le roy entreprist denvoyer ca pour besongner sur ces matieres, et quil croioit que pour ceste cause avoit envoye les dessus dis, et pour ce quils dissent ce qui leur plairoit. Lors messieurs de Yandosme et de Precigny dirent an dit archevesque quil parlast. Et lors le dit arcevesque dit en effet : — “ Messieurs, comme vous savez, et que nous tons pouvons appar- “ cevoir, le vouloir et entention du roy, nostre sou- “ verain seigneur, et du roy son nepveu est de be- “ songner plainement et privement, et non pas par “ grandes sollempnitez ne estrangetez, ainsi que autres 44 fois on a accoustume de faire, dont venoient de “ grandes longueurs et obscuretez es matieres ; et aussi “ ils sont si prouchaines et la grace de Dieu de si “ bonne amour et affection lung a lautre, que on ne " doit pas faire les difficultez de proceder sommaire- crown ; and that he had no other power at that time, and that on this account the king had undertaken to send hither to discuss these matters, and that he believed that for this cause he had sent the persons above-said, and consequently they should say what would be agreeable to them. Then messieurs de Yandosme and de Precigny asked the said archbishop to speak. And then the said archbishop spoke to this effect 44 Messieurs, as you know, and as we can all perceive, the “ wish and intention of the king our sovereign lord, and “ of the king, his nephew, is, to deal plainly and amicably, “ and not by great ceremonies, nor as between strangers, “ as has usually been done at other times, whence have “ arisen great delays and obscurities in the business ; and 44 besides this, they are so near of kin and (by the grace “ of God) of such good love and affection the one to the 44 other, that no difficulties ought to be made in proceeding HENRY THE SIXTH. 131 “ ment et de plain que on fasoit es temps passez. “ Et pour ce je vous diray, pour commancement de e< ces matieres, lestat dicelles ou il semble quil les faut “ reprendre, sans reciter au long les serieuses et sol- “ lempnelles protestacions acoustumees a faire en “ telles matieres ; mais icelles tenues pour faites et “ repetees au long. “ Et premierement, mes seigneurs, — la grace de Pieu “ requise a nostre commancement, et Lequel par sa perseverat ; unde de tarn immoderatis regalibus sump- tibus et expensis circa prsemissa gratias debitas ad prsesens reddere vix valemus. Hsec tamen omnia usque ad aliquam recompensam in corde conservabi- mus. Qua in re aliud sapere non intendimus quam N 2 196 LETTERS AND PAPERS : id quod vestra decreverit gloriosa majestas. Status enim et circumstantias quorumlibet principum, quis excellentior quisve prsestantior, ac vestrse Chris tianis- simse majestati potentiori brachio assistere velit et valeat, longe melius novit memorata majestas, ac prudentissimi proceres vestro regio lateri continue assistentes, quam illam noverimus informare. and gives Et si ilia connubia inter nos ssepius commemorata, toher mar- d u8e P r8e C9e teris optamus, nullis modis aut mediis riage with. efFectum sortiri poterint, illius prseclari et illustris Austria. ducis Austrise, de cujus probitate et virtutibus, ac ejus domo, viget fama laudabilis, de quibus in eisdem litteris expressa mentio habetur, dummodo vestrse majestati et eidem dominse Elenorse, nostrse germanse, cujus res agitur, digniora et eligibiliora videntur, vestrse dignissimse dispositioni nos referimus. Cunctis attamen modis prsetactam rem vestrse potentissimse majestati plenius perimplendam, puro corde recom- mittimus. Ad quse per omnia, necnon ad qusecumque eidem majestati cara grateve accepta, pro posse et viribus paratissimos non immerito nos offerimus. Christianissime princeps et potentissime rex, con- fraterque clarissime, vestram gloriosissimam regiam dignitatem atque sublimam personam ad felix regni regimen dirigendo protegat Qui cuncta gubernat. Date. Scriptum apud Edinburghe, primo die mensis Sep- tembris. Jaques R. (Dorso.) Serenissimo et Christianissimo principi Karolo, Dei gracia Francorum regi, fratri ac confcederato nostro carissimo . 1 {Then, in a smaller hand.) Escosse. Apportatse per Monipeni, le dernier jour de Novembre, ann. xlvij. 1 The watermark is a star. HENRY THE SIXTH. 197 1448. Letter of James the Second to Charles the Seventh respecting his own marriage and the marriage of his sisters, in all of which he asks the advice of the king of France . * 1 Excellentissimo principi Christianissimoque Fran- a.d. 1448 . corum regi, fratri, ac confoederato nostro amantissimo, Jan ’ 9 - Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scottorum, successus ad vota felices, cordis ex intimis amorem sincerrimum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps fraterque amantissime, dum King de vestrae incolumitatis statu felici certificamur, Jam< i s ' 1S ingenti gaudio consolamur ; et quoniam dilectum He- send an raldum nostrum, Snaudonem nuncupatum, de nobili France genere procreatum, praesentium latorem, vestrae celsi- to settle tudini mittimus, ad eandem cum nostris litteris cer- specking his tiorandum, qualiter pro consorte nobis eligenda, nos- °. wn mar * trisque sororibus maritandis, ac aliis arduis nos et the S mar- rempublicam regni nostri concern entibus, ambaxiatam ria S e of his 0 • • • • • sisters. nostram ad vestrae celsitudinis serenissimam 2 praesen- tiam indilate proponimus destinare. In qua quidem serenissima 3 celsitudine praefata ad praemissa deducenda ad votivum effectum, specialissimam confidentiam prae caeteris gestamus. Quare vestram excellentissimam serenitatem praefatam exoramus quatenus interim quae in praemissis et circa ea magis expedire videntur, cle- menter perpendere, et in ejusdem ambaxiatae nostrae adventu eandem auxiliari, consolari, et dirigere, ac favoribus gratiosis prosequi et amplecti, de benignitate ! From the MS. Baluze, 9387-3, I 2 Serenissimam ] Cerenissimam. No. 12, an original letter. I MS. I 3 Serenissima'] Cerenissima. MS, Date. A.D. 1448. Jan. 20. The writer has heard 198 LETTERS AND PAPERS: solita dignetur vestra gratissima celsitudo fraterni- tasque carissima memorata. Offerentes nos paratissi- mos ad quselibet lseto animo perimplenda, contem- platione vestrse clarissimse celsitudinis fraternitatisque amantissimse prselibatee, quam in prosperitate votiva, ad vestri inclitissimi regni felicissima regimina, con- servet Altissimus. Scriptum apud Strivelin, ix° die mensis Januarii. James. {Bor so.) Excellentissimo principi Christianissimo- que Francorum regi, fratri ac confoederato nostro amantissimo . 1 1448. i Letter from Sir Thomas Hoo to Pierre de Brez^, remonstrating with him upon the levying of troops by Charles the Seventh. Tres honnore seigneur, je me recommande a vous tant comme je puis ; et vous plaise savoir que Jehan- nequin Baquier, escuier, est venu presentement en [Translation.] Most honoured lord, I recommend myself to you as best I can ; and may it please you to know that Jehannequin Baquier, esquire, has just arrived in this city of Rouen, 1 The remainder of the address, if any, is covered by the paper which secures this document in the volume. A fragment of the Great Seal remains. The watermark ap- pears to be a cinque foil or star. HENRY THE SIXTH. 199 ceste ville de Rouen, et ma expose plusieurs choses that large touchans ce que a este besongne au fait de la ville p^^ s h of du Mans. Et entre aultres choses, comme tres liault troops are et tres excellent prince, loncle en France du roy notre souverain seigneur, assemble de jour en jour grant armee de gens, en intencion de faire guerre es pays et subgetz du roy, notre dit seigneur ; de la quelle chose je me donne grant merveilles. Car de verite, quelques paroles qui vous ayent este dictes ou donnees a entendre par Foukes Eytone, cappitaine de Caudebec, ne aultres, ne faictes nulle difficulte que les promesses, because Le qui ont este traictees et appoinctees touchant la de- ^^sumin- li vrance de la dicte ville de Mante, seront entretenus dered to the et accomplyes de point en point, quelque delay qui rrench ’ en ait este ou soit fait. Et pour ce, tres honnore seigneur, attendu les grans He hopes peynes, myseres et povrettez que le povre peuple a lament supportes par le temps de la guerre, et des maulx will be dis- continued, and has informed me of several matters touching what has been done in relation to the town of Le Mans. And among other things, how the most high and most excellent prince, the uncle in France of the king our sovereign lord, is assembling from day to day a great army of people with the intention of waging war upon the country and sub- jects of the king, our said lord ; at which thing I am exceed- ingly astonished. For of a truth, whatever be the words which have been said to you, or you have been given to understand, by Foukes Eytone, captain of Caudebec, or others, have no doubt that the promises, which have been made and settled touching the deliverance of the said town of Mante, shall be kept and fulfilled point by point, whatever be the delay that has therein been or may be. And therefore, most honoured lord, considering the great pains, miseries, and poverty which the poor people have borne during the time of the war, and the irreparable evils 200 LETTERS AND PAPERS : irreparables qui en sont advenuz, et aussi que de votre part feustes moien et commancement de ces presentes treves, je vous escrip ces choses, affin que vous plaise de y avoir advis et consideracion ; et que de votre part ne vueilliez esmouvoyr chose dont guerre ou aucun inconvenient se puisse ensuyr, que Dieu ne vueille ; quelle chose ne seroit pas de legier appaysee, rnais du tout la destruction et desolation du povre peuple. Mesmement aussi que se les gens de guerre estoient une fois assemblez sur le pays, tout dun coste que daultre, forte chose seroit de les faire retraire et departir, et ne seroit que argent perdu et grant despense. as Le Mans En vous priant tres acertes que en ce vous veuilliez assuredly employer ainsi que avez fait le temps passe; et ne delivered faictes aucune doubte, car la dite ville du Mans sera Charles, rendu et delivree au roy, et de bref sans quelque delay ou difficulte ; en quoy fesant je me mettray en which have thence arisen, and also that upon your part you have been the means and the originator of this present truce, I write these matters to you, in order that it may please you therein to have advice and consideration; and that upon your part you would not put anything into motion by which war or any other disaster might follow, which God forbid ! For such a movement as this would not be lightly appeased, but be the utter destruction and desolation of the poor people. The more especially also that if the fighting men were once assembled over the country, either upon the one side or the other, it would be no easy matter to cause them to withdraw and depart, and it would be only money wasted and a great expense. I pray you very earnestly that herein you would be pleased to employ yourself as you have done in time past ; and make no doubt, for the said town of Le Mans shall be rendered and delivered to the king, and that speedily, without any delay or difficulty ; in the furtherance of HENRY THE SIXTH. 201 tout devoir, ainsi que par le dit Jehannequin Baquier aurez plus ample congnoyssance. Tres lionnore seigneur, sil est chose par deca que faire puisse pour vous, signiffiez le moy pour laccomplir a mon povoir et puissance, au plaisir de notre Seig- neur, quil vous doint tres bonne vie et longue. Escript a Eouen, le xx. jour de Januer. Dat Le bien votre, Thomas Hoo, chivalier, cliancellier de France. Hoo . 1 ( Durso .) A tres lionnore seigneur, messieur Pierre de Brezey, chevalier, seneschal de Poytou. 2 which I shall do my duty to the uttermost, as by the said Jehannequin Baquier you shall have more ample informa- tion. Most honoured lord, if there is anything here which I can do for you, let me know of it that I may fulfil it to my power and ability, to the pleasure of our Lord, whom I pray to give you a very good life and long. Written at Rouen, on the xx. day of January. Your’s entirely, Thomas Hoo, knight, Chanceller of France, Hoo. ( Dorso .) To the most honoured lord, messieur Pierre de Brezey, knight, seneschal of Poytou. 1 This signature is autograph. 2 The seal remains tolerably en- tire. No watermark is visible in the paper. 202 LETTERS AND PAPERS: 1448. Letter from Sir Thomas Hoo to Pierre de Breze respecting the continued levying of troops about to be employed by the French against the English garrison within Le Mans . 1 A.D. 1448. Feb. 18. Tres honnore seigneur ; cordiale recommandacion precedente. The writer Par la doulce communicacion que, vous estant "of pardeca, eusmes ensemble sur lenterteinement de la themjsing bonne amour et apaisement dentre les deux souve- troops, rains princes, me distes et affermastes entre autres choses (ou au moins en substance) que tres hault, tres [Translation.] Most honoured lord ; my hearty recommendation pre» mised. In the pleasant communication which we had together, when you were here, on the subject of the continuance of the good love and peace between the two sovereign princes, you told and assured me, among other matters (or at least you did so in substance), that the most high, the most excellent, and most powerful prince, the uncle of From the original letter in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, fol, 68. HENRY THE SIXTH. 203 excellent, et tres puissant prince, loncle de France du roy mon souverain seigneur, ne vouldroit entreprendre sur et contre la seigneurie du roy mon dit souve- rain seigneur, et deust ou peust il sur lui gaegnier grant chose. Et en verite, de ma part, je esperoye fermement que a ce tendriez la main et empescheriez toute entreprinse contraire. Or est ainsi, tres honnore seigneur, que pardeca courent which are nouvelles que le dit tres excellent prince oncle a en- be em - treprins mettre seige devant la ville des Mans, etagamstLe que de fait sont ja sur les champs de par lui gens Mans * de guerre en grande multitude pour proceder al encontre du roy son nepveu ; quel chose me a este, et est, tres estrange et desplaisant, atendu mesmement que par mon dit souverain seigneur Jarretiere, roy darmes, a este freschement envoye pardevers le dit tres excellent prince oncle, pour en especial le ad- France of the king my sovereign lord, would not take in hand any enterprise upon and against the lordship of the king my said sovereign lord, neither would he, nor could he attempt any great achievement against him. And of a truth, for my part, I firmly hope that to this end you will exert yourself and thwart every hostile enter- prise. But so it is, most honoured lord, that the report is current with us that the said most excellent prince the uncle has determined to lay siege to the town of Mans, and that in point of fact, on his side, a great host of soldiers have already taken the field, in order to march against the king, his nephew ; a matter which to me has been, and still is, passing strange and displeasing, especially when I bear in mind that lately Garter king-at-arms has been despatched by my said sovereign lord to the said most excellent prince, his uncle, for the especial purpose 204 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Ambassa- dors from England having ar- rived in E ranee, he hopes that all hostilities will be sus- pended for the present. verfcir que le roy, mon dit souverain seigneur, envoy- oit pardevers lui, et a la cause, notable ambaxade, cest assavoir, reverend pere en Dieu levesque de Chi- cliestre, garde du Prive Seel, et messire Robert Roos, chevelier, de tel estat que bien congnoissiez ; les quelz arriverent a Honnefleu Jeudi derrnierement passe, hastans leur voyage pardevers le dit tres excellent prince oncle, et garniz, comme je entens^ de povoir souffissant a besoignier et conclurre sur la matere du Mans, et des circumstances et dependences, telement que le dit tres excellent prince en devra par raison estre content. Pour quoy, tres hoimore seigneur, afin de eviter rupture de la paix tres desiree par chacun loyal Christien, et aux inconveniens qui pitieusement sen pourroient ensuivir ou prejudice inestimable de la chose publique, dont tant desplaisant seroye que par escript pourroit estre exprime, je vous prie et re- of intimating to him that the king, my said sovereign lord, was sending to him, and for a set purpose, a notable em- bassy, that is to say, the reverend father in God the bishop of Chichester, the keeper of the Privy Seal, and messire Robert Roos, knight, men of such dignity as you well know; who arrived at Ilonnefieu on Thursday last past, hastening on their road towards the said most excellent prince the uncle, and provided, as I understand, with ample power to discuss and settle the affair of Le Mans, and the circumstances thereupon dependent, in such wise that the said most excellent prince ought in reason to be therein satisfied. Wherefore, most honoured lord, in order to avoid the rupture of the peace so much desired by every true Christian, and the lamentable dangers which would follow, to the incalculable damage of the public welfare, at which I should be more grieved than can be expressed in writing, I pray and HENRY THE SIXTH. 205 qnier tres affectueusement que a ce vous plaise avoir regard, et vous y employer en telle maniere que larmee ausi subitement mise sus soit retraicte et cesse de proceder ; jusques a ce mesmement que les dits evesque de Chichestre et messire Robert Roos soient parvenuz a la presence du dit tres excellent prince oncle, et que la matiere soit communiquee et appoinctee. Car autrement seroit a doubter dangier de confusion entre lun et lautre part, que Dieu ne vueille per- mettre. Et pour mon apaisement propre je vous requier et supplie que de ce que faire y aurez voulu et peu vous me vueilliez escripre liastivement par le porteur de cestes, que poui* la cause envoye par devers vous ; avecques se chose quelconque voulez a moy possible pour lacomplir de tres bon cueur. Priant Dieu, tres honnore seigneur, quil vous ait en Sa saincte garde, et doint bonne vie et longue. require you most affectionately, that you could be pleased to take heed hereto, and employ yourself herein in such wise as that the army thus suddenly raised should be with- drawn and cease to advance, especially until that the said bishop of Chichester and messire Robert Roos shall have reached the presence of the said most excellent prince uncle, and the matter be communicated and appointed. For otherwise there is room to fear the danger of confusion between the one side and the other, which may it please God to prevent. And for my own private satisfaction I ask and entreat you that you would be pleased to send me a speedy reply, as to what you are willing and able to do herein, by the bearer of this letter, whom I send to you for this purpose ; as also whether there be anything which you would have me do, that I may accomplish it cordially, if it be possible. Praying God, my most honoured lord, that He would have you in His holy keeping, and give you a good life and a long. 206 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 'tere. Escript a Rouen, le Dimenche sur le tart, xviij. jour de Fevrier. Le tout votre, Thomas Hoo, chevalier, chancellier de France, Hoo . 1 (. Dorso .) A tres honnore seigneur, messire Pierre de Bresze, chevalier, conseillier, et chambellan de tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, loncle de France de roy, mon souve- rain seigneur, et seneschal de Poictou. (In another hand.) De messire Thomas Hoo, resceu le xxj. jour de Fevrier, cccc. xlvij . 2 Written at Rouen, late on Sunday, the xviij. day of February. Your’s wholly, Thomas Hoo, knight, Chancellor of France, Hoo. (Dorso.) To the most honoured lord, messire Pierre de Bresze, knight, councillor and chamberlain to the most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king my sove- reign lord, and seneschal of Poictou. (In another hand.) From messire Thomas Hoo, received the xxi. day of February, cccc. xlvij. 1 The writer’s autograph sig- I 2 The seal has entirely perished, nature. The paper is without watermark. HENRY THE SIXTH. 207 1448 . Certificate by Adam, bishop of Chichester, and Sir Robert Roos, as to the extension of the truce between France and England . 1 Monsieur Adam par la permission Divine evesque a.d. 1448. de Sichestre et garde du Prive Seel, et Robert de Ma rch 1 5 ‘ Roos, chevalier, ambaxadeurs, commis, et depputez du The Eng- roy, notre souverain seigneur, certiffions que les treues sartorsT^ 8 ” generalles par nous prises, acceptees, et accordees, par vertu du povir a nous donne par le roy, notre souverain seigneur, et tres reverend pere in Dieu Jacques archevesque et due de Rains, et nobles et have , 1 t 1 agreed puissans seigneurs Jehan bastard Dorleans, comte with those Dunois, Pierre de Breeze, seigneur de la Varenne, ofFrailce seneschal de Poictou, Bertrand de Beauvau, seigneur de Precigne, bailly de Tourainne, et Jehan de Mesnelsimon, seigneur de Maupas, ambaxadeurs, commis [Translation.] We, the lord Adam, by the divine permission, bishop of Sichestre and keeper of the Privy Seal, and Robert de Roos, knight, ambassadors, commissioners, and deputies of the king, our sovereign lord, certify that the general truce passed, accepted, and agreed by us, by virtue of the power to us given by the king, our sovereign lord, and the very reverend father in God Jacques, archbishop and duke of Rains, and the noble and powerful lords Jehan bastard of Orleans, count Dunois, Pierre de Breeze, seigneur de la Varenne, seneschal of Poictou, Bertrand de Beauvau, seig- neur de Precigne, bailly of Tourainne, and Jehan de Mes- nelsimon, seigneur de Maupas, ambassadors, commissioners, 1 From the original document in the Baluze MS., 9037-7, fol. 82. 208 LETTERS AND PAPERS : et depputez de tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puis- sant prince, loncle de France du roy notre souverain seigneur, ont lieu et commencent du jour duy, quin- astothe ziesme jour de ce present moys de Mars, jusques au extension . . ^ m i • n n of the truce P remier J our Favril prouchain, cccc. xlvnj., et de la between en avant jusques a deux ans entiers prouchains realms. apres ensuivants, fenissans le premier jour Davril, jour et heure de soiled levant, que len dira, selon lusage de France, lan mil, cccc., xlix, avant Pasques, et selon lusage Dangleterre, ]an mil, cccc. cinquante. Lesquelles treues nous, ou nom du roy notre dit souverain, promettons tenir et faire tenir bien et loy- aument. Date. Donne soubz noz saings manuelz, le dit xv. jour de Mars, lan dessus dit, mil, cccc. xlvij. Adam, episcopus Cicestrensis. Koos, R. 1 and deputies of the most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king our sovereign lord, takes place and commences from this day the fifteenth day of the present month of March, until the first day of April next, cccc. xlviij., and from that date onwards for two whole years following next after, finishing on the first day of April, on the day and hour of sunrise, which shall he called, according to the custom of France, the year One thousand cccc. xlix., before Easter, and according to the custom of England the year One thousand cccc. and fifty. Which truce, we, in the name of the king, our said sovereign, promise to keep and to cause to be kept well and faithfully. Given under our signs manual, the said fifteenth day of March, in the year above- said One thousand cccc. xlvij. Adam, bishop of Chichester. Roos, K. 1 A contemporary copy upon a single leaf of paper, which has no watermark. HENRY THE SIXTH. 209 1448 . Instructions given to Valois, the French herald, upon his mission into England. 1 O Instruction depar le roy a Valoys, le herault, DE CE QUIL AURA A FAIRE EN ENGLETERRE. Premierement, faite la presentation de ses lettres a.d. 1448. et les salutations eb reverences acoustumees, dira, en Au S- 22 * explication de sa creaunce, comme le roy a este bien Charles is joieux quant il a sceu par Havart des nouvelles de of° tres liault et puissant prince son nepveu Dangleterre, Henry’s et du bon estat, sainte et prosperite de sa personne, health * et quil luy prie que souvent il luy en face savoir, en quoy il prendra tres grant plaisir, comme de ce [Translation.] Instructions given by the king to Valoys, the herald, AS TO WHAT HE SHALL DO IN ENGLAND. In the first place, having presented his letters and made the accustomed salutations and reverences, he shall say, in explanation of his credentials, that the king was very happy when he was informed by Havart of the news respecting the most high and powerful prince his nephew of England, and of the good estate, health and prosperity of his person ; and that he prays him that he would fre- quently cause him to be informed of the same, which will afford him the greatest pleasure, it being a matter of which 1 From the original, or a contem- I contained in the Balnze MS., poraneous fair copy, upon vellum, | 9037-7, fol. 92. VOL. I. O 210 LETTERS AND PAPERS : and of his wish for peace. dont souvent oir et estre acertene en bien lui est sin- gular rejoissement. Item, dira comme pareillement le roy a este bien joieux quant par la relation du dit Havart il a sceu le bon vouloir, propos et entention esquelz le dit prince nepveu tousjours persiste et demeure a entendre et soy emploier au bien de paix ; et comme il veult que tous les appoinctements faiz et accordez entre le roy et lui touchant les treves soient entiere- ment entretenuz, gardez, et observez de sa part, et ce qui seroit fait au contraire deuement repare. Car a la verite, se ainsi nest fait, a grant paine seroit il possible que Ion peust pervenir au dit bon de paix ; et congnoissant le roy que la verite est telle, pour le bon vouloir quil a a la dicte matiere, sest dispose de sa part les faire entretenir et observer de point en point ; confisant que de la part du dit prince, son nepveu, soit fait le semblable. frequently to hear good news and to be informed is to him the cause of singular gratification. Item, he shall say how, in like manner, the king has been very happy when he was informed, by the relation of the said Havart, of the good will, purpose and intention in which the said prince his nephew always continues and abides, in watching over and employing himself about the furtherance of the advantage of a peace ; and how he wishes that all the arrangements made and agreed upon between the king and himself touching the truce should be entirely maintained, kept and observed upon his part, and that whatever is done in opposition thereto should be duly amended. For of a truth, if this be not done, it will be exceedingly difficult to attain to this blessing of peace ; and since the king is aware that this is the truth, so desirous is he herein that for his part he is disposed to cause them to be maintained and observed from point to point ; trusting that on the part of the said prince, his nephew, the like will be done. HENRY THE SIXTH. 211 Item, et que combien que le roy de sa part se The Eng- soit mis en tout devoir touchant les dictes matieres, lish are . toutes foiz il semble que ceulx qui sont deca la mermBre- 1 ' 6 pour la part du dit tres hault et puissant prince taigne * nepveu, veu les termes quilz tiennent, naient pas bien le vouloir de faire le semblable. Car depuis la venue du due de Sommercet, ung nomme Christofle a Beaulieu, Mundefort, Le Petit Treloy, Sendre, Aclmtreton, et plusieurs autres du parti et obeissance du dit prince nepveu, et qui sont soubz la charge et gouvernement du dit due de Sommercet, sont venuz emparer Saint Jame de Buvron, qui est marche de frontiere tant de Bretaigne, du Mont Saint Michiel, que de Grantville et lieux contencieux, pretendu estre de lobeissance du roy, et que la joyssance lui en doit appartenir ; et suppose que le dit lieu de Saint Jame de Buvron ne feust contencieux, si ne doit Ion rien fortiffier de nouvel en marche de fron- Item, and although the king upon liis part lias fully done his duty touching the said matters, nevertheless it appears that the persons who are on this side the sea, on the part of the said most high and powerful prince his nephew, judging by the course which they pursue, have no real intention to do the like. For since the arrival of the duke of Sommercet, a person named Christofle a Beaulieu, Mundefort, Le Petit Treloy, Sendre, Acliatreton, and many others of the party and under the allegiance of the said prince his nephew, and who are under the charge and government of the said duke of Sommercet, have come to carry by assault Saint Jame de Buvron, which borders on the frontier as well on the side of Bretaigne, of Mont Saint Michiel, as of Grantville, and of the places in dispute, claiming them to be in the jurisdiction of the king, and that the possession thereof ought to belong to him ; and even supposing that the said place of Saint Jame de Buvron were not in dispute, yet nothing ought to be fortified anew upon the line of O 2 212 LETTERS AND PAPERS : tiere, par quoy appert clerement que le dit empare- ment de Saint Jame est fait en venant directement contre la teneur de la dicte treve. The duke Item, et jacoit ce que le roy ait envoie devers le 1 dit due de Sommereet ses gens et ambaxadeurs, cest no redress, assavoir, monseigneur de Gaucourt, son premier cham- bellan, et maistre Guillaume Cousinot, maistre des requestes de son hostel, pour le sommer et requerir quil voulsist faire reparer le dit exces ; et que pa- reillement ceulx qui font le dit emparement aient par les conservateurs des treves de la part du roy este sommiez et requis de ainsi le faire, si na peu Ion jusques cy sur ce obtenir aucune provision. Threatens Item, mais qui plus est, quant le dit monseigneur ambassa- Ch Gaucourt et Cousinot ont voulu sommer sur ce dors. le dit de Sommereet, il leur a fait dire que silz le vouloient sommer, il vouloit savoir et estre assure, the frontier, by which it clearly appears that the said occupation of Saint Jame is done in direct opposition to the tenor of the said truce. Item, and although the king has sent to the said duke of Sommereet some of his people and ambassadors, that is to say, monseigneur de Gaucort, his first chamberlain, and master Guillaume Cousinot, master of the requests of his household, to summon him, and require that he would be pleased to cause the said excess to be repaired ; and although in like manner the persons who were engaged in this assault have been summoned, and required by the conservators of the truce upon the part of the king to do so, no satisfaction could herein be obtained up to the present period. Item, and what is more still, when the said monseigneur de Gaucourt and Cousinot, wished on this account to summon the said [duke] of Sommereet, he caused them to be informed that if they insisted upon summoning iiim he would l e glad to know and have some assurance, HENRY THE SIXTH. 213 avant quil partissent du chastel de Rouen, ou quel ilz estoient lors, qui seroit cellui qui lui repareroit son honneur ou cas quil seroit trouve quil indeuement il eust este somme. Qui leur sembloit estre 1 a dire, en leur entendement, que au cas quilz le vouldroient sommer il les feroit arrester. Item, et en effect nont peu avoir autre response aud sends du dit due de Sommercet, touchant la matiere dessus an unsatis * factory dit, fors seulement quil envoieroit Osberne M undeford answer, devers le roy et devers le Prive Seel et messire Robert Roos, qui avoit plus grant congnoissance du fait des dites treues quil navoit, ainsi quil disoit, et les quelz Prive Seel et Roos estoient pour lors, comme on disoit, devers le roy pour adviser ce qui seroit a faire touchant le fait du dit Saint Jame de Buvron before they should leave the castle of Rouen, in which they were at that time, who the person was who would repair his honor, in case it should be found that he had been wrongfully summoned. The meaning whereof, as they understood it, appeared to be this, that in the event of their determining to summon him he would cause them to be arrested. Item, and in effect, they could not obtain any other answer from the said duke of Sommercet, touching the matter above said, but only this, that he would dispatch Osberne Mundeford to the king, and to the Privy Seal, and messire Robert Roos, who had a much better acquaintance with the circumstances of the said truce than he [the duke] had, as he affirmed, the said Privy Seal and Roos at that time being, as was reported, with the king, to advise what should be done touching the business of the said Saint Jame de Buvron according to 1 Leur sembloit estre ] Nestoit autre chose. Such was the original reading, hut the alteration in the text is by a contemporary hand. LETTERS AND PAPERS : 2H selon la teneur des dits treues ; et que sur ce il es- cripvoit au roy et aus diz Prive Seel et Roos bien au long, tant de la requeste qui lui estoit faite tou- chant la dicte matiere, comme de la response quil faisoit; et sur ce ordonna lettres adressans au roy, pour estre baillees aus diz Gaucort et Cousinot a which is porter au roy, les quelles ilz ne voulurent recevoir ne mal instyle P ren d re charge dicelles porter, pour ce quelles estoient en ung stile desrogant a lonneur du roy, et autrement que par le due Dyork et autres seigneurs du sang du dit prince nepveu navoit este acoustume estre fait le temps passe. Et jacoit ce que par les dessus diz Gaucourt et Cousinot feust bien remonstre que la forme descripre autrement quil ne appartenoit, pouvoit estre cause dengriger les matieres et donner ymagina- cions a plusieurs, autres que bonnes, neantmoins le dit de Sommercet ne se remua de son propos, et par le dit Mundeford envoia ses dites lettres, dont le dit the tenor of the said truce : and that hereupon lie would write to the king and the said Privy Seal and Roos at much length, as well about the request which had been made to him touching the said matter, as also of the answer which he had given ; and thereupon he prepared letters addressed to the king, to be delivered to the said Gaucort and Cousinot to be by them conveyed to the king, the which they would not receive nor undertake to carry, because they were in a style derogatory to the honor of the king, and different from what had been used in time past by the duke of York and the other lords of the blood of the said prince [his] nephew. And although he was fully informed by the said Gaucourt and Cousinot that the form of address being different from what was fitting might be the occasion of involving the affairs and giving room to many persons to form conjectures other than favorable, nevertheless the said Sommercet did not depart from his purpose, and by the said Mundeford he sent his said letters, of which the said Valois has a copy, HENRY THE SIXTH. 215 Valois porte coppie, lesquelles le roy lie voulut rece- voir, combien quil oit en personne tout ce que le dit Mundeford voulut dire, qui estoit en effect quil re- queroit que la chose, qui par article de treue estoit seure, feust mis en delay pour adviser quel appoincte- ment seroit sur ce a trouver. La quelle ouverture estoit bien dangereuse, et povoit porter grant prejudice au fait des dictes treues qui leust accorde ; car autant de doubtes eust Ion peu faire sur chacun article dicelles, et par consequent ny eust rien seur ne cer- tain. Par quoy ne sembla pas au roy que raisonna- blement ne convenablement pour le bien des matieres principalles il deust accordir ne consentir la dicte requeste. Et lors le roy fist dire et offrir au dit Munde- ford, par ceulx de son conseil, que se il vouloit aler devers les diz Prive Seel et messire Robert Roos, qui estoient es parties de Bretaigne, il y en- wliich the king would not receive, although he heard in person all that the said Mundeford wished to communicate, which in effect was this, a demand that a matter which had been made certain by an article of the truce should be delayed in order to deliberate what arrangement should thereupon be adopted. This overture was very dangerous, and might occasion great prejudice to the stability of the said truce which he had granted ; for as many doubts might as reasonably be advanced against each article thereof, and as a consequence nothing therein would be sure or certain. Wherefore it does not appear to the king that it is either reasonable or convenient, for the good of the principal matters, that he ought to grant or consent to the said request. And then the king caused it to be intimated and offered to the said Muudeford, by those of his council, that if he would go to the said Privy Seal and messire Robert Roos, who were in the parts of Bretaigne, he would send 216 LETTERS AND PAPERS: voieroit de ses gens pour appoincter sur le fait du dit Saint Jame de Buvron et autres deppandances de la treue, ce que voulut faire le dit Mundeford, aincois dist quil navoit aucune charge daler devers eulx, puis quil ne les avoit trouvez devers le dit seigneur ; et en cest estat sen partie le dit Munde- ford, sans vouloir aler devers les dits Prive Seel et messire Robert Roos, ne autrement besongner. Et fut conseillie le roy, que non obstant les lettres a lui envoiees par le dit due de Sommercet,— les quelles sembloient estre faictes par trop grant arro- gance ou ignorance, pour lonneur du roy son nepveu ; 1 mesmement que en la superscripcion dicelles avoit, “ A tres bault et puissant prince loncle en France “ du roy, mon souverain seigneur,' 5 par quoy Ion ne savoit au vray a qui elles addressoient ; attendu que thither some of his people to arrange respecting the pro- ceedings of the said Saint Jame de Buvron and other matters depending upon the truce, which the said Munde- ford wished to have done, but lie said that he had no charge to go in search of them, since he had not found them with the said lord ; and upon these terms the said Mundeford departed, without caring to go to the said Privy- Seal and messire Robert Roos, nor taking any further proceedings. And the king was advised, notwithstanding the letters sent to him by the said duke of Sommercet — which appeared to be framed either by too great arrogance or ignorance, for the honor of the king his nephew ; espe- cially as in their superscription it stood thus ; “ To the “ most high and powerful prince, the uncle in France of “ the king, my sovereign lord,” whereby it was impossible to affirm with certainty to whom they were addressed 1 Four lonneur da roy son nepveu'] These words are cancelled. HENRY THE SIXTH. 217 messeigneurs Dorleans, de Bourgoigne et Du Mayne, sont “oncles en France” du dit prince nepveu, — de es- cripre au dit de Sommercet ainsi quil avoit acoustume escripre aux autres seigneurs, parens et lieuxtenans de son dit nepveu ; comme il pourra apparoir par le double des dits lettres que le dit Valois porte. Et tout pour 1 lonneur du dit prince nepveu, du quel le dit de Sommercet est lieutenant. Si semble estre de necessite, a fin que les choses promises es dits treves soient entremees et entre- tenues, pour eviter tous inconveniens, que provision y soit donnee par le dit prince nepveu plainement et absolument, ainsi que lui et son conseil sauront bien adviser. Item, dira le dit Valois que aussi le roy, de sa part, est tout prest de faire ce quil appartendra selon seeing that messeigneurs of Orleans, of Bourgoyne, and of Mayne are “uncles in France” of the said prince nephew — to write to the said [duke] of Sommercet as he was in the habit of writing to other lords, the relatives and lieutenants of his said nephew, as may appear by the duplicate of the said letters which the said Valois carries with him. And all this indeed for the honor of the said prince nephew, of whom the said [duke] of Sommercet is the lieutenant. It appears, therefore, to be a matter of necessity, in order that the things promised in the said truces may be observed and carried out, to avoid all mischances, that provision should be made therein by the said prince nephew, plainly and absolutely, as he and his council shall best know how to advise. Item, the said Valois shall also say that the king, upon his part, is quite prepared to do what shall appertain to 1 Et tout pour~\ This concluding sentence of the paragraph is in a different but contemporaneous hand. 218 LETTERS AND PAPERS : la teneur des treves, et les promesses sur ce faictes, sans aucune fiction on dissimulacion. Complaints Item, et sil est dit au dit Yalois de la part Dan- English.* 6 gleterre que du parti du roy ont este emparees plu- sieurs places, tant en Caux comme on pais dn Mayne, et avecques ce fait plusieurs mnrtres et larrecins sur cenlx de lobeissance du dit prince nepveu, lenr pourra respondre que, an regard des places emparees, il ne se trouvera point que en lien contencienx, ne dont il soit debat ; avecques ce en lienx merchissans en fron- tiere ancunes places de nouvel, ne depuis les treves, aient este emparees par main darmee, ne autrement, qni soit venu a la congnoissance dn roy . 1 Et an him according to the import of the truce, and of the promises made thereupon, without any pretence or dissimu- lation. Item, and if the said Yalois is told, upon the part of England, that on the king’s side many places, as well in Caux as in the country of Mayne, have been carried by assault, and that besides, many murders and robberies have been perpetrated upon the persons living in obedience to the said prince nephew, answer may be made to them to this effect, that, in regard to the places so seized, none can be found saving those in disputed localities, or re- specting which there is a disagreement ; and moreover, that no instance has come to the knowledge of the king in which any seizure has been made by any armed force, or otherwise, of any trading locality upon the frontiers, either recently, or since the truce . 2 And in regard to the mur- 1 Qui soit du roy ] Originally, “ Et quant il seroit trouve au contraire, et le roy en sera adverti, il y pourverroit en “ maniere que le roy son nepveu en “ devroit estre content.” This pa ragraph is cancelled, and the words given in the text are added above the line. 2 Originally, “ And when it shall “ he found to the contrary, and “ the king shall be informed “ thereof, he will make provi- “ sion therein in such wise that “ the king his nephew shall be “ satisfied.” HENRY THE SIXTH. 219 regard des murtres et larrecins, se aucune chose en a este faite, le roy en a este et est tres desplaisant ; et tous jours quant sommacion ou requeste a este faifce a lui, ou a ses conservateurs, daucuns de ses subgetz attains de murtres ou larrecins, par dene informacion, ceulx qui ont peu estre apprehendez ont este livrez a justice pour estre puniz selon leurs demerites ; et quant aucuns ne lont peu estre, a son de trompe es villes voisines des lieux ou ilz repairoient de lobeis- sance du roy, ont este criez et publiez banniz, offrant a tous ceulx, tant dun parti que de lautre, qui les pourroient prendre et livrer a justice, donner une bonne somme dargent. Et se aucuns malfaicteurs, comme brigans de bois, qui ne sont subgetz ou obeissance a nul parti, ont obtenu du roy aucune grace ou abolicion, ce ne pas este pour cause quil les reputast ou tenist ses subjetz ders and robberies, if anything of the kind lias been done, the king has been, and is exceedingly displeased thereat ; and always, whenever a notification or request has been made to him, or to his conservators, by due information, that any of his subjects have been attainted of murders or robberies, such persons as could be apprehended have been delivered over to justice that they might be punished according to their demerits ; and when they could not be thus apprehended, proclamation and public announcement has been made, by sound of trumpet, in the towns con- tiguous to the places which they frequent, if they be in the king’s jurisdiction, whereby the offer of the gift of a good sum of money is made to all such persons, as well of the one side as the other, as could apprehend them and deliver them up to justice. And if any malefactors, such as robbers in the woods, who are not subjects under obedience to any party, have obtained from the king some grace or pardon, this has not been done because he regarded or held them as his sub- 220 LETTERS AND PAPERS : ou obeissans, mais pour les oster de mauvaise et damp- nable voye, et par ladvis daucuns des conseilliers et serviteurs du dit prince nepveu ; et sur iceulx et tous autres brigans, guetteurs de chemins, et malfaicteurs, qui ne sont subgetz a aucune justice, le roy de sa part y fera ce quii appartendra, comme plus a plain il a charge a ses ambaxadeurs, par lui envoi ez pour le fait des attemptaz, dire aux gens et officers de son dit nepveu . 1 (. Dorso .) Instruction bailie a Valois 2 pour aler en Angleterre ; et parti le xxij. jour Daoust, cccc. xlviij. jects, or uuder his authority, but to remove them from that bad and damnable course, and by the advice of some of the councillors and servitors of the said prince nephew ; and upon them, and all other robbers, highwaymen, and evil doers, who are not subject to any justice, the king upon his part will do therein what is his duty, as he lias given in charge to his ambassadors, sent by him upon the business of the attempts, to state more fully to the people and officers of his nephew aforesaid. (Dorso.) An instruction given to Valois, when going into England ; and he set out on the xxj. day of August, cccc. xlviij. 1 Et se aucuns nepveu] The whole of this paragraph is cancelled in the MS. 2 Valois] Originally “Havart.” HENRY THE SIXTn. 221 1448. Letter from James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, requesting that Charles will nominate some lady whom he can recommend as the future queen of Scotland. Excellentissimo principi, Karolo, Dei gratia Fran- A.D. 1448. corum regi invictissimo, fratri et confoederato nostro Se P temb er - carissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scottorum, vestri Christianissimi regni et reipublicae ipsius felicissima regimina, prosperitatem votivam, cordis ex intimis amorem sincerissimum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps, fraterque ac confoederate James amantissime, satis putamus vestram celsitudinem recor- ^ri^of dare debere antiquam confoederationem inter inclita the old Franciae et Scotiae regna digesta maturitate initam, ipsamque cordialissime innovatam ex matrimonio nuper France inter serenissimum principem dominum Dalphinum, f^^ Scot ~ fratrem nostrum issimum, et inclitam quondam germanam nostram, dominam Margaretam, contracto, zelumque tenerrimum et affectiones sincerimas inter praefata regna ab antiquissimis temporibus observatas. Quibus pensatis, proposuimus, si fuisset aliqua sere- asks him to nissima filia in gloriosissima domo Francke, cum ipsa, recomme » d . . . . 5 1 3 a queen for si vestrae excellentissimae celsitudmi gratum fuisset, Scotland, matrimonium contraxisse. Sed quia ad plenum in- formati existimus quod non est aliqua de vestrae celsitudinis domo propria, volentes tamen, quantum poterimus, de propinquiore sanguine et serenissima 222 LETTERS AND PAPERS: and sends ambassa- dors into France. parentela ejusdem celsitudinis futuram conjugem sive consortem eligere, ac sub alis clarissimae radiisque splendidissimis stillantis diadematis 1 invictissimae celsi- tudinis vestrae exceilentissimae regiae majestatis, ex cujus latissimae atque nobilissimae parentelae illumina- tissimis fulgoribus mundi pars magna extat sublimata, ac super aurum et topasyon quaelibet, cujuscumque excellentiae existat, laetatur atque congaudet se tam praecellentis virtutis, et dictae fulgidissimae celsitudini tamque preciosissimae gemmae matrimoniali foedere aut alias conjungi. Quibus potissime attentis, quanto desiderio et volun- tate serena vestrae invictissimae celsitudinis gloriosissima parentela nostram domum nostramque posteritatem nobilitari ac illuminari exoptantes, ad efFectum celerem atque votivum deducere cupientes, consanguineum et cancellarium nostrum, Willelmum dominum Creicb- toune, Jobannem miseratione divina episcopum Duu- keldensem, consiliarios nostros, et magistrum Nicbolaum de Ottirburne, in decretis licenciatum, officialem Sancti Andreae ac canonicum Glasguensem, nostros ambax- atores, oratores et commissarios nostros speciales, ad perquirendum in vestro Christianissimo Franciae regno ubi nobis possit de futura conjuge de vestrae celsitu- dinis splendidissima et propinquiore parentela provideri, mittimus oneratos ; eandem celsitudinem gloriosissimam deprecantes attente, quatenus nostris oratoribus prmfatis in praemissorum expeditione celeri atque votiva con- solationes benignas impendere, ipsosque in illis et aliis peragendis favoribus gratiosis prosequi et am- plecti, nostri contemplatione, de benignitate solita dignetur vestra excellentissima celsitudo fraternitasque 1 Diadematis'] Dyadematis, MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 223 amantissima memorata, quam in prosperitate felici con- servet Altissimus. Scriptum . 1 2 Jaques R. ( Dorso .) Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia invictissimo Francorum regi, fratri ac con- foederato nostro amantissimo. {Above.) Escoce. Recepta die xxix. inensis Septembris, anno Domini * M.CCCC.XLVIII. 8 1 449. Letter from the duke of Somerset to the king of France respecting various acts of aggression com- mitted by the French upon the English . 3 * Tres hault et puissant prince, tres cordialment me AJX 1449. recommande a votre haultesce ; en la bonne memoire __ ’ [Translation.] Most high and mighty prince, most heartily do I recom- mend myself to your highness. I have no doubt you will 1 The date has not been filled in ; yet the document is without doubt an original. . The king’s signature is autograph. 2 The seal is totally gone. The watermark is somewhat indistinct, but it appears to be a staff with two circles upon it, one above the other. The upper circle is charged with a crescent, the lower with a cross. 3 From the original letter con- tained in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, fol. 83. 224 LETTERS A?sD PAPERS : The duke complains of various acts of violence committed by the French at different places, de laquelle tien bien estre, que, pour et a cause de plusieurs grans atemptas, crimes et delitz, commiz et perpetrez es marches de Louviers, et autrepart, par ceulx qui y sont, ou estoient, a vous obeissans, je en- voyay, es moys Daoust et de Septembre dernierement passez, pardevers votre dicte haultesse, reverend pere en Dieu levesque de Shichestre, garde du Prive Seel de monseigneur le roy, et maistre Loys Galet, lun des maistres des requestes de son hostel, les quelz, comme deulx entendi, vous remonstrerent et declairerent bien ampliement, a Meun sur Loire, iceulx atemptas, et mes- mes certain grant atemptat que pou de temps avant leur venue pardevers vous avoit este commiz par Robin de Floques, dit Floquet, et autres ses complices, tant au lieu appelle la bastille de Vanuray comme a deux lieues au dessus en lobeissance de mon dit seigneur le roy, ou aucuns de votre parti avoient par force prins tres grant nombre de vins, sans cause raisonnable, que perfectly well remember that, in consequence of many great attempts, crimes, and offences committed and perpetrated within the marches of Louviers, and elsewhere, by those per- sons who there are, or were, under your jurisdiction, I sent, in the months of August and September last past, to your said highness the revered father in God the bishop of Shichestre, keeper of the Privy Seal of my lord the king, and master Loys Galet, one of the masters of the requests of his house- hold, who, as they informed me, showed and declared these attempts to you, at considerable length, at Meun sur Loire, and especially a certain great attempt which had been committed a short time before their arrival in your presence by Robin de Floques, called Floquet, and others liis accomplices, not only at the place called “La bastille “ de Vanuray,” but also at two other places hereafter speci- fied, which are under the jurisdiction of my said lord the king, where some of your party had by force taken a great quantity of wines, without reasonable cause, which they HENRY THE SIXTH. 225 ilz navoient voulu, et ne vouloient, rendre a eulx a qui ilz appurtenoient. Sur quoy, apres plusieurs alter- cacions eues en la matere, leur aviez donne finale re- sponse que 1 voyeriez certains commissaires a la convencion qni le derrenier jour de Septembre ensui- vant devoit encommencier, le qu ssaires don- neriez bonne ere puissance de causes consid et vous declairces. Ausquelz commis- saires venuz en la dicte convencion, fut fort requiz au lieu de Lery de Rueil, par les commiz de mon dit seigneur le roy, que en acorn plissant votre dicte response ilz voulsissent faire raison des cboses par eulx exposees et restitucion des vins ainsi mal prins, comrae dit est, dont satisfaction appartenant ne fut obtenue, maiz seulement restitucions des vins qui estoient en nature, et demoura a restituer le vin que le dit Flo- have not, and will not, restore to those persons to whom they belong. Wherefore, after many disputes in the matter, you have given them as your final answer that .... you would send certain commissioners to the meeting which should begin on the last day of September next following, the which commissioners you would invest with good .... full power to ... . causes .... to you declared. These commissioners having come to the said convention, they were urgently required at the place called Lery Rueil, by the commissioners of my said lord the king, that according to the terms of your said answer they would be pleased to make satisfaction in reference to the matters by them stated, and cause Institution to be made of the wines thus wrongfully taken, as is aforesaid, whereof fitting satisfaction has not been obtained, but only resti- tution of the wines which were still in existence, no restitution having hitherto been made of the wine which J Que . . . . ] Here is a small I also damaged a few of the lines next hole occasioned by damp, which has | following. VOL. I. P 226 LETTERS AND PAPERS : quet et ses complices en la qualite avoient distribue a leur plaisir, montan ts a plus de la valeur de viij. c. livres, sanz y comprendre les dommages et interestz des mari- ners et autres gens en prejudice de la marchandise, et le dommage et esbahissement des subgiez des deux partiz, combien que par les lettres que sur ce ma- vez rescriptes appert que les commiz pour votre part vous avoient raporte la restitucion du dit dommaige avoir este faite, lequel raport a este depuis remonstre par Osberne Montford, escuier, tresorier de Normandie, et le dit maistre Loys Galet, a Jehan de Loncelles et maistre Jeban Bezon, nagueires par vous envoy ez an dit Louviers. Par les quelz a este formelment re- spondu, que, par leur commission, navoient povoir de pourvoir a aucuns atemptas. Et a ce leur avoit este dit que, par default de corriger telles voyes et entre- prinses de fait, les gens de guerre de la dicte marche, et autres de votre obeissance, se enhardissoient de jour the said Flocquet and his accomplices had distributed in the hulk at their pleasure, amounting in value to more than eight hundred pounds, without taking into calcu- lation the damage and loss of the sailors and other people by the hindrance of trade, and the damage and discourage- ment of the subjects on both sides, although it appears by the letters which you have written hack to me upon this matter, that the commissioners upon your part have reported that restitution of the said loss has been made, which report has since that time been produced by Osberne Montfort, esquire, treasurer of Normandy, and the said master Loys Galet, to Jehan de Loncelles and master Jehan Bezon, of late by you sent to Louviers aforesaid. And they have formally made answer that, by their commission, they had no power to consider any attempts. And hereupon the remark was made to them that the neglect of correcting such violent acts and enterprizes, the soldiers of the said borderland, and others under your jurisdiction, would be- come encouraged from day to day to encroach more and HENRY THE SIXTH. 227 en jour de plus avant entreprendre sur les subgiez de mon dit seigneur le roy ; en leur remonstrant que ung pou avant 1 une au dit Louviers, aucuns de la dicte garnison dillec, jusques au nombre de trente, es- toient venuz en ung vilage nomine Cuerarville, a une lieue du dit Pontdelarche, ou ilz avoient voulu tenir paroles pour cellui qui se dit Prevost de Chartres ; et pour ce que aucuns des bonnes gens du dit lieu ne avoient pas voulu obeir a leur plaisir, voz gens les avoient batuz, et grandement injuriez de parolles, en les appellant faulx traitres, chiens Angloiz, et fait grant dommaige a leurs biens. Et que dautre part, en la marclie de Mont Saint especially Michiel et de Grantville, ceulx des dictes places fai- at soient journelment infiniz maulx, murdres, larrecins, prinses de corps de laboureurs, quilz aloient querir de nuit a dix a douze lieues de leur place, et les met- more upon the subjects of my said lord the king ; and it was pointed out to them how, a short time before, .... at Louviers aforesaid, certain of the said garrison there, to the number of thirty, came to a village named Cuerar- ville, a league distant from Pont del Arche aforesaid, where they wished to hold a conference for the person who calls himself the Provost of Chartres ; and because some of the respectable inhabitants of the said place did not choose to obey their pleasure, your people beat them and gave them much foul language, calling them false traitors and English dogs, and did much damage to their property. And on the other side, as regards the border towards Mont Saint Michiel and Grantville, the inhabitants of the said places are daily committing infinite mischief, murders, robberies, seizures of the persons of labourers, of whom they go in search, during the night, a distance of ten or 1 Avant . . . . ] Here occurs another hole in the paper. p 2 228 LETTERS AND PAPERS : toient a reuccm, comme encores font, tout ainsi que se la guerre eust este et feust ouverte, sur quoy a este seulement prins ung apoinctement entre les parties ; et non obstant que par les dictes commissaires dune part et dautre eust este acorde que toutes voyes de fait ces- sassent, et lettres eussent este envoyees pour ceste cause a lieu de Dyeppe, et autre part, neantmoins de- puis le departement des commissaires de lun et de lautre parti, Mardi derrierement passe, ceulx de Dieppe, acompaigniez de plusieurs dautres forteresces, jusques au nombre de viij. a ix xx chevaulx, armez et habilliez comme en temps de guerre, vindrent liostilement en une parroisse nomme Torcby le Grant, situee a quatre lieues du dit Dieppe, et a deux lieues Darques, lieu moyen entre le dit Torchy et Dieppe, en la quelle paroisse de Torcby, ou paravant ne depuis les treves ne este fait aucune demand ou querelle de possession twelve leagues from their place of abode, and put them to ransom, as they do at present, just as if it were time of war, and hostilities were being carried on openly, where- upon nothing has been done beyond an appointment made between the parties ; and, notwithstanding that the said commissioners on the one part and on the other have agreed that all acts of violence should cease, and letters to this effect had been sent to the place of Dyeppe, and elsewhere, yet this notwithstanding, since the departure of the commissioners on the one side and on the other, upon Tuesday last past, the people of Dieppe, accompanied by persons from many other fortresses, to the number of eight or nine score horses, armed and accoutred as if it were time of war, came in hostile guise to a parish called Torchy le Grant, situated four leagues from Dieppe afore- said, and two leagues from Arques, a place midway between the said Torchy and Dieppe, in the which parish of Tor- chy, where, neither before nor since the truce, has there been made any demand or claim for possession upon your HENRY THE SIXTH. 229 pour vofcre parti. On quel lieu de Torchy le Grant voz gens trouverent messire Simon Morhier, chevalier, conseilleur de mon dit seigneur le roy, lequel messire Simon y estoit ale comparoir pour aucuns ses afaires dev ant les juges et officiers de eaues et forestz, le lieu- tenant general du bailly de Caulx, le procureur ou dit bailliage, le lieutenant du viconte du dit Arques, et autres gentilz hommes et gens notables en grant nom- bre, voz dictes gens prindrent et admenerent, oomme par temps de guerre, et iceulx officiers mistrent en la fosse du dit Diepe, et si navrerent plusieurs des gentilz hommes et serviteurs des dessus dites, et que plus est, tuerent deux autres gentilz hommes, et ne scet on pour quelle ocasion. Tant ya que votre haul- tesce congnoist, que pour quelque prinse, ou autre ma- niere qui eust estre tenue par forme de justice, ou autre ment, par aucuns de ceulx du parti de mon dit seigneur le roy sur aucuns des subgiez demourans en la dicte marche, si ne se peut, ou doit, soustenir le part. At this place of Torchy le Grant your people found messire Simon Morhier, knight, councillor of my said lord the king, which messire Simon had gone thither about some business of his own to appear before the judges and officers of the waters and forests, the lieutenant-general of the bailly of Caulx, the proctor of the said bailiwick, the lieutenant of the viscount of Arques aforesaid, and other gentlemen and people of consequence in great numbers ; and these your said people seized and took, as if it were time of Avar, and put these officers in the dungeon of the said Dieppe, and wounded many of the gentlemen and servants of the persons above-mentioned, and (what is AA r orse) killed two other gentlemen, for what reason is un- known. And truly, your highness knows that no capture whatever, or other proceeding which has occurred by form of justice, or otherwise, by any of those persons of the side of my lord the king upon any of the subjects resident in the said border- land, either could or ought to justify 230 LETTERS AND PAPERS : dit exploit ; mesmement que a certain complainte, que le capitaine du dit Dieppe avoit pardeca faite, sanz declairer les causes pourquoy, avoit este fait offre par les conservateurs de notre parti de faire com- paroir personnelment devant eulx cellui, on ceulx, de qui ilz se complaignoient, a certain jour limite, et que toute raison et justice leur seroit administree. Et, qui plus est, pour ce que depuis la dicte response, il avoit envoye autres lettres, monstrant sanblant par icelles que encores nestoit il pas assez content, reque- rant et sommant avoir plus ample provision, avoit este par les dictes commissionaires conservateurs ordonne aux juges de mon dit seigneur le roy estans a Arques, que le corps daucuns quilz avoient oy dire estre empri- sonnez, seroient eslargiz jusques a certain jour, au quel les parties se comparroient pardevant eulx, pour sa- voir les causes de leur emprisonnement, et leur faire ce quil appartendroit, les lettres du quel apoincte- the said exploit ; the rather as in answer to a certain complaint which the captain of Dieppe aforesaid has made here, without specifying the causes wherefore, the offer has been made by the conservators upon our side that they would cause the person or persons, against whom the complaint was lodged, to appear personally before them, at a certain day specified, and that all reason and justice should be administered to them. And (what is more still) because that since the said answer he has sent other letters by which he has intimated that he was not yet sufficiently satisfied, requiring and summoning them to afford him more ample provision, the commissioners who were conservators have enjoined the judges of my said lord the king who are at Arques, that the bodies of certain persons also, as they had heard, were imprisoned, should be set at liberty until a certain day, upon which the parties should appear before them, in order to know the causes of their imprisonment, and to do for them what was fitting, the letters of which appointment HENRY THE SIXTH. 231 ment furent baillees au poursuivant du dit Dieppe en lacompaignie dun autre poursuivant de ce parti le dit jour de Mardi. Et non obstant ce, sanz attendre la response que par ses lettres il requeroit, fut fait et commiz le dit exploit ; le quel, et autres devant diz et souvente foiz remonstrez, sont de si grant es- clandre et ouverture de inconveniens que votre dicte baultesce peut bien congnoistre et considerer. Pourquoy, tres hault et puissant prince, je vous prie et requier tres acertes, que pour le bien et en- tretenement des dictes treves, en quoy cliacune partie est tenue et obligee, il vous plaise faire et donner en la matere si bonne et briefue provision et reparacion, selon la teneur des dictes treves, que Dieu et le monde puissent apercevoir par effect le bon vouloir que vouz y avez. Tres hault et puissant prince, plaise vous moy escripre votre bon vouloir et entencion en la matere, avecques se chose vous est agreable et a moy possible pour la- were delivered to the pursuivant of Dieppe aforesaid, in the company of another pursuivant of that side on the said Tuesday. And notwithstanding this, without waiting for the answer which he required by his letters, the said exploit was done and committed ; which, and others for- merly mentioned and frequently complained of, occasion great mischief and open the door to many dangers, as your said highness c£n easily see and understand. Wherefore, most high and powerful prince, I pray and require ■ you very earnestly, that for the good and preser- vation of the said truce, by which either party is bound and obliged, you would please to make and give in this matter such good and speedy provision and reparation, according to the import of the said truce, that God and the world may perceive by the result the good will that you have therein. Most high and powerful prince, may it please you to write to me your good pleasure and purpose in the matter; and moreover, if there be any matter which you desire, 232 LETTERS xVND PAPERS : Date. complir de tres bon cueur ; priant Dieu quil vous ait en sa sainte garde, et doint bonne vie et longue. Escript a Rouen, ce Yendredi, derrenier jour de Fevrier. Votre cousin le due de Somerset, lieutenant general et gouverneur de France et Normandie. Somerset . 1 Drosayn. (Dor so.) A tres hault puissant prince, loncle de France du roy, mon souverain seigneur. (In another hand .) Du due de Sommerset, receues le xj me jour de Mars, mil, cccc. xlviij . 2 I will perform it most cordially, if it be possible ; praying God that He would have you in His holy keeping, and give you a good life and a long. Written at Rouen, on Friday, the last day of February. Your cousin the duke of Somerset, lieutenant- general and governor of France and Normandy. Somerset, Drosayn. (Dorso.) To the very high and powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king my sovereign lord. (In another hand.) From the duke of Somerset, received the xj. day of March, One thousand, cccc. xlviij. 1 In the duke’s autograph. 2 This letter is closely written, upon a large leaf of paper, the watermark of which is an anchor. It is slightly damaged by damp, and the seal is quite gone. HENRY THE SIXTH. 233 1449 . Letter from the duke of Somerset to Charles the Seventh, king of France, requesting credence for an embassy . 1 Tres hault et puissant prince, je me recommande a A D. 1449. vous bien affectueusement. Et vous plaise savoir que March 9 ‘ jay receu voz lettres, donnees a Tours, le xxiiij. jour The writer du moys de Fevrier nouvellement passe, narratives en ceived the effect que autrefoiz me ont este exposees et remon- king’s let- strees les entreprinses faites par aucuns des gensimportof du parti et obeissance de mon seigneur le roy, et which he en reparacion ou fortificacion de Saint Jame de Beuron ; late^and et par icelles lettres me priez, et neantmoins requerez ^eply t0 et sommez, que face reparer le dit exces, et demolir sends an ce que de nouvel et puis les treves y a este fait ; et classy, que par Salins le lierault, porteur dicelles voz lettres, vouz vueille certifier mon intencion sur ce. Most high and powerful prince, I recommend myself to you right affectionately. And may it please you to know that I have received your letters, dated at Tours on the xxiiij. day of the month of February lately past, stating, in effect, that I had been previously informed and acquainted with the enterprises done by certain people of the party and jurisdiction of my lord the king, and in the repa- ration or fortification of St. Jame de Beuron ; and by these letters you pray me, and further require me and summon me, to cause the said violation to he repaired, and to demolish what has been there done anew and since the truce ; and that I would be pleased to certify you, by Salins the herald, the bearer of these your letters, of my intention herein. 1 From the original letter contained in the Baluze MS., 9037 7, fol. 84. 234 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Tres hault et puissant prince, pour ce qne trop longue chose seroit vous envoyer par escript ce qui me semble estre a dire et a faire en la dicte rnatere, je envoy e presentement pardevers vous mes bien amez Thomas de Louraille, lun des maistres de la chambre des comptes de mon dit seigneur le roy a Rouen, et maistre Jehan Cousin, lun des clercs et auditeurs des dits comptes, pour depar moy vous signifier et declairer bien au long ce que me semble estre a faire par raison touchant le contenu de voz lettres. Si vous prie et requier, tres hault et puissant prince, que les dessus nommez Thomas de Louraille et maistre Jehan Cousin vous plaise benignement recevoir, et tout ce quilz vous diront et exposeront ceste foiz de ma part adj ouster pleine foy et credence ; en moy signi- fiant se chose vous est agreable, et a moy possible, pour lacomplir de tres bon cueur. Most high and powerful prince, because it would be too long a business to send you in writing what appears to me necessary to he said and done in this said affair, I dispatch to you at this time my well beloved Thomas de Louraille, one of the masters of the chamber of accounts of my said lord the king at Rouen, and master Jehan Cousin, one of the clerks and auditors of the said accounts, in order to signify and declare to you, on my part, at considerable length, what, as it appears to me, ought to be done in reason touching the contents of your letters. Thus I pray and require you, most high and powerful prince, that you would be pleased to give a gracious reception to the above-named Thomas de Louraille and master Jehan Cousin, and to place full faith and credence in all that they shall say and declare to you at this time upon my part ; letting me know if there is anything agreeable to you which I can do, so that I may perform it with all my heart. HENRY THE SIXTH. 235 Tres hault et puissant prince, je prie le Benoit Filz de Dieu quil vous ait en sa saincte garde, et doint bonne vie et longue. Escript a Rouen, le ix jour de Mars. Date. Yotre cousin, le due de Somerset, lieutenant-general et gouverneur de France et Normandie. Somerset . 1 Drosayn. (. Dorso .) A tres hault et puissant prince, loncle de France du roy, mon souverain seigneur. (In another hand) Receue a Tours, le xix e de Mars, cccc. xlviij . 2 Most high and powerful prince, I pray the Blessed Son of God that He would have you in His holy keeping, and give you a good and long life. Written at Rouen, the ix day of March. Your cousin, the duke of Somerset, Lieutenant- General and Governor of France and Normandie. Somerset. Drosayn. (Dorso) To the most high and powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king, my sovereign lord. (In another hand) Received at Tours, the xixth of March, cccc. xlviij. 1 This signature is the duke’s I 2 The seal is entirely perished, autograph. | The watermark is an anchor. 236 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1449. Letter from the duke of Somerset to the kina' of O France, respecting an embassy which he had despatched to the king . 1 ^Aprii 4 ? 9 ’ ^ RES hault et puissant prince, je me recommande * tres affectueusement a votre haultesse, a la quelle plaise after ac ltCr savo ^ r h ue nagaires ay receu voz lettres escriptes au knowiedg- Montiz les Tours, le xvj. jour du moys de Mars kirg's 6 nouvellement passe, responsives a certaines lettres que letters, premierement vous avoye escriptes par Sommerset le herault sur aucuns poins touchans le bon entretenement des present es treves, et par especial sur le fait de la prinse de messire Simon Morhier, conseillier de mon- seigneur le roy, et daucuns autres officers diceilui seigneur, les quelz avoient este prins par ceuix de Dieppe ; et de la recepcion dicelles voz lettres requeriez [Translation.] Most high and powerful prince, I recommend myself most affectionately to your highness, which may it please to be informed that of late I have received your letters written at Montiz les Tours, the xvj. day of the month of March last past, in answer to certain letters which I had previously written to you by Sommerset the herald upon some points touching the good conservation of the present truce, and more especially upon the matter of the capture of messire Simon Morhier, councillor of my lord the king, and certain other officers of the same lord, who have been taken prisoners by the people of Dieppe ; and of the receipt of which your letters you have requested 1 ITom the original letter in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, fol. 85. HENRY THE SIXTH. 237 que voulsisse vous certiffier par Pontoise, le herault le quel aviez envoye au dit lieu de Dieppe, pour estre enforme de la verite du cas. Tres hault efc puissant prince, jay congneu par icelles voz lettres le grant desir et noble vouloir que vous avez al entretenement des dictes treves ; et de verite, de la part de mon dit seigneur le ro} 7 , my emploieray pareillement de tout mon povoir. Touchant les materes con tenues en vos dites lettres, states that et aucunes autres, ouparavant de la venue du dit Pontoise, javoye envoie pardevers vous en ambaxade spatched an Thomas de Louraille et maistre Jehan Cousin, de bonne recepcion et expedicion des quelz vous mercie afFectueusement. Et depuiz avez ordonne venir pardeca maistre Guillaume Cousinot et Pierre de Fonteuil, eseuier, les quelz jatens aujourdui en ceste ville ; par quoy je me deporte de plus avant vous escrire de present. Et se le dit Pontoise a trop longuement demoure pardeca, je vous prie que len teniez pour that I would be pleased to certify you by Pontoise the herald, whom you had sent to the same place of Dieppe to be informed of the truth of the case. Most high and powerful prince, I perceive by these your letters the great desire and noble will that you have for the continuance of the said truce ; and of a truth, on the part of my said lord the king, I will employ myself to the same end to the best of my ability. Touching the matters contained in your said letters and some others, before the arrival of the said Pontoise I had despatched an embassy to you, consisting of Thomas de Louraille and master Jehan Cousin, of whose good recep- tion and despatch I thank you kindly. And since then you have arranged that master Guillaume Cousinot and Pierre de Fonteuil, esquire, should come here, whom I expect to-day in this city ; for which reason I forbear to write more fully to you at present. And if the said Pon- toise has tarried too long here/ I pray you that you would 238 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. excuse ; car pour la charge que lui avez baillee, il a convenu quil soit alle et venu plusieurs foiz au lieu de Dieppe. Tres hault et puissant prince, signiffiez moy, s . . . . vous est agreable, que faire puisse pour lacomplissement a mon poyoir de tres bon cueur. Ce 1 . . . . Qui vous ait en Sa saincte et benoist garde, et doint tres bonne vie et longue. Escript a Rouen, le vij. jour Davril. Somerset . 2 Lambart. (■ Dorso .) A tres hault et puissant prince, loncle de France du roy, mon souverain seigneur. (In another hand) Receues du due de Somerset, en Avril, xlviij . 3 excuse him ; since, in the discharge of the duty which you imposed upon him it was necessary that he should pass backwards and forwards several times to Dieppe. Most high and powerful prince, inform me, if there he anything agreeable to you, which I can do for its accom- plishment, and this I will do most cordially to the best of my power. This knows God, Who have you in His holy and blessed keeping, and give you a good and long life. Written at Rouen, the vij. day of April. Somerset. Lambart. (Dorso) To the most high and powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king, my sovereign lord. (In another hand) Received from the duke of Somerset, in April, xlviij. 1 Ce . . The blank is occasioned by a hole in the paper. 2 In the duke’s autograph. 3 The paper on which this docu- ment is written is slightly damaged, and exhibits no watermark. The seal has entirely perished. HENRY THE SIXTH. 239 1449. Letter from the Scottish ambassadors addressed to Charles the Seventh respecting the progress of their mission, and requesting permission to see the reliques in La Sainte Chapelle at Paris . 1 Illustrissime princeps ac Christianissime rex, humi- A.D. 1449. lima nostri recommendatione prsemissa, cum omnimoda A pnl 1 5, promptitudine ac desiderio complacendi. Vestra Christianissima majestas scire dignetur qua- The writers liter reverendi venerabilesque in Christo patres ac particulars domini episcopus Malleacensis et abbas de Cultura, respecting vestrse illustrissimse celsitudinis oratores, ad prsesentiam ^-ess^f illustrissimi domini Burgundise et Brabantise, etc., du~ t^eir mis- cis in oppido Bruxcellensi accesserunt, ac prout ves- slon ‘ tree celsitudini placuit, nobiscum in tractatibus de et super matrimonio metuendissimi ac supremi domini nostri regis Scottorum, ac super perpetuis confoedera- tionibus et amicitiarum vinculis cum eoclem domino duce habitis, interfuerunt, nobisque consilium et assis- tentiam ac lion ores maxim os exhibuerunt. Unde ne- dum pro honore prsefato supremo domino nostro et nobis per dictos oratores impenso, verum etiam de infinitis honoribus, gratiarumque ac liberalitatum muneribus nobis, dum ad prsesentiam vestrse Chris- tianissse majestatis eramus, magnifice impensis, merito quas possumus et valemus gratiarum exsolvimus actiones. Qualiter vero in his materiis tarn matrimonii quam confcederationis conclusum et concordatum extitit, prse- fati oratores, quia prsesentes fuerunt, et ante ipsorum adventum nihil seriose et cum effectu communicatum erat, vestram Christianissimam majestatem optime sci- unt informare, cum omnium concordatorum copias se- cum deferant. Prseterea, Christianissime rex, quanquam alias vestra and express celsitudo affectuose scripserat prseposito Parisiensi et f^iety to 1 From the original letter contained in the MS. Baluze, 9675 , B.,fol. 35 . 240 LETTERS AND PAPERS : see the Crown of Thorns and other reliques in La Sainte Chapelle a Paris. Scottish news. Date. ejus locum tenenti ad ostendendum nobis reliquias quae sunt in Sancta Capella, praecipue vero benedietissimam Coronam Spineam ; canonici tamen praefatae Capellae Sanctae, asserentes unam clavium, sub quarum firmi- ; tate dictae reliquiae custoditae sunt, penes vestram celsitudinem remanere, dictam Coronam Spineam nobis ostendere recusarunt. Ea propter, Christianissime rex, vestram Christianissimam majestatem instantissime requirimus et rogamus quatenus vestras gratiosas lit- teras praefato pra3posito et canonicis antedictis, pro prae- fata Spinea Corona nobis ostendenda, iterato dirigere velitis, ac clavem praedictam Parisius destinare. Cum enim in bis partibus pro praeparandis bis quae nobis in transitu nostro ad partes Scotiae sunt necessaria, ad- bue per certa tempora moraturi sumus, idcirco ad civi- tatem Parisiensem pro praefata Corona videnda iterum 1 laborare velimus ; ac signiferum Violet, praesentium latorem, vestrae Cbristianissimae majestati pro praemissis doximus transmittendum. De novis vero et statu regni Scotiae post recessum nostrum a vestrae celsitudinis praesentia, nulla audivi- mus praeter ea quae nobili viro Nicbolao de Camera, capitaneo gardae vestrae Cbristianissimae majestatis scripsimus, vestrae celsitudini per eundem referenda, quam Altissimus conservare dignetur in longaevum. Scrip turn Brugis; xv. Aprilis. Ad vestrae Cbristianissimae majestatis beneplacita parati, 2 Willelmus Crechtoun, Cancellarius Scotiae. Jo. episcopus Dunkeldensis. {Dor so.) Excellentissimo ac Cbristianissimo Franco- rum regi. {Then, in another hand.) Des ambaxadeurs Descoce, receu xxv. April, 1449. 1 lterum\ Iterim. MS. 2 Ad testrce . . . paratf\ In the hand of the bishop of Dun- keld. The two signatures are auto- graph. The paper has no water- mark. HENRY THE SIXTH. 241 1449. Letter from the duke of Somerset to the king of France, acknowledging the receipt of his Ma- jesty’s letters . 1 Tres hault et tres puissant prince, je me recom- A.D. 1449. mande tres affecteusement a votre haultesce; et vous A pnI 2 2, plaise savoir que par maistre Guillem Cousinot et The duke Pierre de Fontevil, escuier, voz conseilliers, ay resceu i e dges^the voz lettres contenans credence sur eulx, laquelle ilz jeedpt of me out dite et expose, et sur icelle leur ay faite et fetters? 6 S donne response et expedicion, ainsi et en la maniere que par eulx pourriez estre bien a plaine enforme, et mesmes par certains ambaxadeurs et commis depar monseigneur le roy, que presentement envoye pardevers votre dicte haultesce. Tres hault et tres puissant prince, se aucune chose me voulez escripre et signifier, je my employ era de [Translation.] Most high and most powerful prince, I recommend myself most affectionately to your highness ; and may it please you to know that, by master Guillem Cousinot and Pierre de Fontevil, esquire, your councillors, I have received your letters containing credence for them, which they have read and exhibited to me, and thereupon I have made and given them answer and despatch, so and in such manner as by them you may be more fully informed, and especially by certain ambassadors and commissioners on the part of my lord the king, whom at this time I send to your said highness. Most high and most powerful prince, if it please you to write to me upon any matter and make me acquainted there- 1 From the original letter in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, fol. 97. VOL. I. Q 242 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. tres bon cueur ; priant le Benoit Filz de Dieu quit vous ait en sa saincte garde. Escript a Rouen, le xxij.jour Davril. Yotre cousin le due de Somerset, lieutenant-general et gouverneur de France et de Normandie, Somerset . 1 Drosayn. (Dor so.) A tres hault et tres puissant prince, loncle de France du roy, mon souverain seigneur. (In another hand.) Apporte par monsieur G. Cousinot, le dernier Davril, cccc. xlviij. with, I will employ myself therein most cordially ; praying the Blessed Son of God that he would have you in His holy keeping. Written at Rouen, the xxij. day of April. Your cousin the duke of Somerset, lieutenant-general and governor of France and Normandy. Somerset. Drosayn. (Dorso.) To the most high and most powerful prince, the uncle of France of the king, my sovereign lord. (In another hand.) Conveyed by monsieur G. Cousinot, the last of April, cccc. xlviij. The signature is in the duke’s autograph. 2 The watermark on the paper of this letter is an anchor. HENRY THE SIXTH, 243 1449 . A Statement of the aggressions committed by the English upon the French, forming the subject- matter of a representation to be made to the duke of Somerset by the French ambassadors . 1 Pour faire response a maistres Jehan Lenfant et a.d. 1449. Jehan Cousin, nagueres envoy ez en ambaxade devers April, le roy depar le due de Sommercet, que on leur doit a truce dire, que cinq ans a ou environ, lui estans en la ville de Tours, grandement et honnourablement acompaignie England de la plus part des princes de son sang et autres concluded r r r . 0 . five years grans seigneurs de son royaume, le dit seigneur fut since, exhorte et requis par le due de Sufforde, messire Robert Ros, le Prive Seel, et autres ambaxadeurs de tres hault et puissant prince, le nepveu du roy notre dit seigneur, pour ce envoyez devers lui, quil voulsist entendre et faire treue avecques le prince nepveu. A quoy le dit seigneur (jacoit ce que [Translation.] In order to make an answer to master Jehan Lenfant and master Jehan Cousin, lately sent as an embassy to the king by the duke of Sommercet, they ought to be told that five years ago, or thereabouts, when he was in the town of Tours, numerously and honorably accompanied by the greater part of the princes of his blood and others the great lords of his realm, the said lord was exhorted and required by the duke of Sufforde, messire Robert Ros, the Privy Seal, and the other ambassadors of the most high and powerful prince, the nephew of the king our said lord, who on this account had been sent to him, that he would be pleased to take in hand and make a truce with the prince nephew. To which the said lord (although 1 Erom the Baluze MS. 9037-7. fol. 86. Q 2 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 244 ses gens feussent prestez et desposez dentrer en pais et faire guerre, et eussent de grans avantaiges) a condescendi ; principalment pour honneur et reverence de notre Createur, obvier a effusion de sang humain, aussi pour le grant et singulier amour et dilection quil a avecques le dit prince nepveu, et pour donner repox a son peuple, qui a loccasion de la guerre avoit tant souffert, esperant parvenir au bien de paix final. but fre- Item, et les quelles treues ont este entretenues violated by P ar ^ es o ens du conseil du prince nepveu estans a the English, Houan avant la venue du due de Somercet par long temps, en si bons termes que gens de tous estaz, tant deglise, nobles, que autres, marebans, povoient 1 aler sceurement ; et mesmement les marchans frequenter et mener 2 leurs marebandises 3 dung parti en autre, ainsi que bon leur sembleroit, sans aucune his people were ready and willing to invade the country and to make war, and they would have had great advan- tages), assented ; principally for the honor and reverence of our Creator, to obviate the spilling of human blood, and also for the great and singular love and affection which he has towards the said prince his nephew, and to give re- pose to his people, who have suffered so much in conse- quence of the war, hoping to arrive at the blessing of a final peace. Item, and this said truce has been continued, for a long time, by the members of the council of the prince nephew being at Rouen before the arrival of the duke of Somercet, in such good terms that people of all estates, as well of the church and nobles, as others who are merchants, could journey in safety ; and especially the merchants could ply and bring their merchandises from the one part to the other, 1 Povoient ] Originally pourroient. 3 Marchandises ] After this word the MS. originally added “ mener, 2 Et mener ] Added above the line. but it is cancelled. HENRY THE SIXTH. 245 doubte on difficulte. Et se aucuns attemptaz pendant ce temps sont survenuz, on y a donne provision convenable. Item, que depuis que le due de Somercet a este especially envoye gouvernant es marches de Normandie, nont ^^ai^of pas este entretenues les treues en la sceurte quelles the duke of estoient par avant ; ains ont este par lui et les siens Somcrset 1 # 5 r as governor faictes plusieurs poinctures estranges et attemptaz. of Nor- Et mesmement en venant directement contre larticle mandjr ’ de la treue, a este rempare le lieu de Saint James de Beuveron et de Mortaing, qui est marche de frontiere. Et combien quil ait este pour plusieurs foiz requis et avise de faire demolir les dits emparemens, selon que larticle de la treue contient, il nen a riens este fait. Et quant le roy congneust que aucune cliose nest faisoit sur la reparicion des dits attemptaz, il 1 envoya monseigneur da Gaucourt et maistre Guillem Cousinot as they thought fit, without any fear or difficulty. And if any attempts were made during that time, adequate provision was made for the same. Item, that since the duke of Somercet has been sent as governor into the marches of Normandie, the truce has not been continued in the security in which it was previously ; but many strange blows and attempts have been made by him and his people. And especially in directly contra- vening an article of the truce, the places of Saint James de Beuveron and of Mortaing, which are border land upon the frontier, have been seized. And although he has been several times required and directed to cause the demolition of the said places so seized, as is contained in the article of the truce, he has done nothing therein. And when the king knew that nothing had been done as to the repa- ration of the said outrages, he sent monseigneur de Gaucourt and master Guillem Cousinot to the said [duke] II] Il y originally. 246 LETTERS AND PAPERS : for which no redress has been obtained in England. devers le dit de Somercet, pour lui requerir de faire repares des dits attemptaz. Et quant ilz furent a Rouan, il leur fist sentir que se ilz lui faisoient aucune somacion, que leurs saufconduiz ne seroient par seurs. Parquoy, jasoit ce quilz len avisassent assez, sen retournerent, craintiz de faire la dite som- macion en termes expres. Item, et pour la quelle cause le roy, voyant que on nen faisoit autre reparacion, a envoye devers son nepveu Dangleterre, pour le requerir quil voulsist faire reparer les attemptaz ; a quoy le dit prince nepveu a respondu et escript au roy quil avoit donne toute puissance au dit de Somercet de pourveoir a tout, etc., et iceulx faire reparer, et que on eust recours a lui, car ainsi lui escrivoit ; et a le dit prince nepveu envoye au roy le double des lettres quil a sur ce escriptes au dit de Somercet, contenans quil avoit la charge de tout re- parer, et que ainsi le feist. of Somercet, to require him to cause the said outrages to be repaired. And when they were at Rouen, he gave them to understand that if they served any summons upon him, their safeconducts should be no security for them. Wherefore, although they had sufficiently deliberated therein, they returned, being afraid to make the said summons in express terms. Item, and for this cause the king, perceiving that no other reparation was made, has sent to his nephew of England to require that he would repair the outrages ; to which the said prince nephew has answered and written to the king that he had given all power to the said [duke] of Somercet, to look to all, etc., and to cause them to be repaired, and that reference should be made to him, for thus he wrote to him ; and the said prince nephew sent to the king the duplicate of the letters which he had hereupon written to the said [duke] of Somercet, con- taining that he had it in charge to repair all, and that he should do so. HENRY THE SIXTH. 247 Item, et derechief, a plusieurs journees et assemblees, qui ont este faites et tenues ou pays de Normandie par les gens et ambaxadeurs du roy avec ceulx du dit prince nepveu,- ont este remonstrez les grans attemptaz et dommaiges faiz, tant par mer comme par terre, par les dits Anglois sur le pays et subgiez du roy, ou prejudice des dits treues, et diceulx requis re- paracion ; a quoy le dit de Somercet, ne autre de la part des dits Anglois, na donne aucune provision. Item, et apres ce le dit de Somercet envoya aux The duke Monstilz pres Tours maistres Pierre de Loraille et of Somer - J ean Cousin, ses ambaxadeurs, par devers le roy, lui bassy to exposer aucunes clioses, et entre les autres dirent que Charles > le dit gouvernant avoit sceu que on avoit ouvert au roy aucunes clioses de reddicion de villes, a quoy navoit voulu entendre, ains lavoit regettee comme velin, dont moult len le louoit ; et que pareillement lui en avoient este ouvertes, a quoy pour rens ny eust Item, and more than this, at many of the meetings and assemblies which have been made and kept in the country of Normandy by the people and ambassadors of the king with those of the said prince nephew, there have been mentioned the great wrongs and damages made, as well by sea as by land, by the said English, upon the country and subjects of the king, to the prejudice of the said truce, and reparation has been required of them ; to which neither the said [duke] of Somercet nor any others on the part of the English have given any heed. Item, and after this the said [duke] of Somercet sent to Monstilz near Tours master Pierre de Loraille and Jean Cousin, his ambassadors, to the king, to make him acquainted with certain business, and that among others they should tell him that the said governor was aware that some affairs connected with the surrender of the towns had been opened to the king, to which he would give no heed, but had regretted them, as being dishonorable, whereby he had been much praised ; and that, in like manner similar over- while pending, 248 LETTERS AND PAPERS : voulu entendre. Et se toutes les places du royaume estant en lobeissance du roy , 1 estoient ouvertes, et il estoit a puissance sur les champs, il ny vouldroit entrer contre son gre ; le quelle chose le roy, notre souverain seigneur, tient estre vraye, ainsi quilz le disoyent. Item, et paravant que les dits de Loraille et Cousin partissent de devers le roy, fut appoincte en leur presence que le roy envoyeroit ses commissaires a Rouan pour besoigner de sa part sur la reparacion de tous les attemptaz qui avoient este faiz. Et y furent maistre Guillaume Cousinot et Fontevil, avecques plain pouvoir de besoigner. Item, et aussi fut appoinctie que dune part et dautre seroient ordeiniez commissaires; et que ceulx du roy yroient a Grant ville et au Mont Saint Michiel, et ceulx du prince nepveu a Avranches ; et se trouve- tures had been made to him, of which he would not on any account take notice. And if all the strongholds of the kingdom being in the king’s hands, were open, and he were in the field with an army, he would not enter without his leave ; which thing the king, our sovereign lord, holds to be true, just as they told him. Item, and before the said de Loraille and Cousin went away from the king, it was appointed in their presence that the king should send his commissioners to Rouan, to take steps upon his part for the repair of all the violences which have been committed. And master Guillaume Cousinot and Fontevil were there, with full power to give heed thereto. Item, and it was also determined that on the one part and upon the other commissioners should be appointed ; and that those of the king should go to Grantville and Mont Saint Michiel, and those of the prince nephew to 1 Estant . , . roy'] This clause is in the margin of the original. HENRY THE SIXTH. 249 rent ensemble les dits commissaires, cest assavoir Mondeford et maistre Loys Galet pour le dit prince nepveu, et maistre Jehan Beson 1 et Jehan de Non- celles pour la parte du roy, es dits lieux, pour devoir besoignier, ainsi que dit avoit este. Item, en lieu de reparer les attemptaz dessus dits, is inter- Francoys Larragonnoys, chevalier, qui est du grant conseil du dit prince nepveu, de lordre de la Jarretiere, ofFou- aiant charge de gens et de places soubz icellui prince fh^Eng- nepveu, acompaignie de grant nombre Danglois, a prins fish, damblee les ville et chastel de Fougieres, appartenants a monseigneur le due de Bretaigne, le quel, ensemble ses pais et subgiez, estoient, et sont nommement com- prins, pour la part du roy, es dites treues. Et laquelle ville, et ailleurs en plusieurs endroiz du pais de Bre- taigne, ont este faiz et commis par les dits Anglois sacrileges, murtres, larrecins, boutemens de feux, viole Avranches ; and that the said commissioners should meet together, that is to say Mondeford and master Loys Galet for the said prince nephew, and master Jehan Beson and Jehan de Noncelles on the king’s part, at the said places, to deliberate thereupon, as has been stated. Item, in place of repairing the outrages above said, Francoys Larragonnoys, knight, who is of the great coun- cil of the said prince nephew, and of the order of the Garter, having charge of troops and fortresses under the said prince nephew, accompanied by a great number of English, has taken by surprise the town and castle of Fougieres, belonging to monseigneur the duke of Bretaigne, who, together with his country and subjects, were, and are, comprised by name, upon the part of the king, in the said truce. In which town, and elsewhere in many places in the country of Bretaigne, have been done and committed by the said English, sacrileges, murders, thefts, fire-raisings, women Beson~\ Or Yeson. 250 LETTERS AND PAPERS: femmes, prins et rancoune prisonniers, et tous autres maulx qui en temps de guerre se peuent commettre, qui est piteuse chose a raconter. Item, et dicelle prinse les dits de Mondeford et maistre Loys Galet, qui besoignoient sur le fait des dits attemptas, furent avertiz • et combien quilz feus- sent requis de faire faire reparacion des dits attemptaz, toutes foyz ilz ny vouldrent entendre, mais sen alerent, incontinent la dite prinse de Fougieres venue a leur congnoissance, et sans aucune conclusion sur la repa- racion diceulx attemptaz. Item, et combien que pour lors maistre Guillaume Cousinot et Lorraille feussent a Rouan pour la repa- racion des autres attemptaz, toutesfoiz ilz advertirent bien le dit de Somercet de reparer les dits attemptaz de Fougieres, ou faire reparer, selon la teneur de la treue ; en demonstrant les in conveniens qui a cause de ce en pourroient avenir ; mais aucune reparacion nen fut faicte. have been violated, prisoners have been made and held to ransom, and all other evils which could be committed in time of war, as it is a melancholy thing to relate. Item, and that the said de Mondeford and master Loys Galet, who had charge of the business of the said outrages, were advertised of this capture ; and although they were required to cause reparation of the said outrages to be made, yet they would give no heed thereto, but departed, imme- diately that the said capture of Fougieres had come to their knowledge, and without any conclusion as to the repair of the said acts of violence. Item, and although that at this time master Guillaume Cousinot and Lorraille were at Rouen, for the repair of the other outrages, yet they fully required the said [duke] of Somercet to repair the said outrage of Fougieres, or to cause it to be repaired, according to the tenor of the truce ; pointing out the evil results which in consequence might issue therefrom ; but no repair has been made thereto. HENRY THE SIXTH. 251 Item, et oultre, le roy, notre souverain seigneur, en for which respondant aux lettres que le dit de Somercet lui avoit ^ n r ^J ress escriptes, escrivit au due de Somercet, en lui remon- obtained, strant commant le dit attemptat estoit expressement contre la treue ; et que se il ne le faisoit reparer, il en pourroit avenir inconveniant, car le dit monseigneur de Bretaigne estoit son nepveu et subgiet, expresse- ment comprins en la treue, et avoit plusieurs grans seigneurs, parans et amis en grant foison, ses subgiez, cliiefz de guerre, comme les connestable, ung mareschal et ladmiral, capitaine de gens darmes et autres, les quelz, silz mettoient peine de faire reparer le dit at- temptat, Ion ne sen devroit esmerveillier ; et que lui mesmes devroit faire a reparer le dit attemptat, selon la teneur de la dicte treue. Item, et que certain temps apres, le dit due de although Somercet envoya devers le roy, notre dit souverain odates seigneur, maistre Jehan Lenfant et messire Jehan thereupon, Hannfork, chevalier, aus quelz furent remonstrez les Item, and moreover, tlie king our sovereign lord, iii answering- the letters which the said [duke] of Somercet had written to him, wrote to the duke of Somercet, point- ing out to him how the said outrage was expressly against the truce ; and that if he did not cause it to be repaired, mischief might thereupon arise, for the said monseigneur de Bretaigne was his nephew and subject, expressly comprised in the truce, and had many great lords, his relatives and friends in great number, his subjects, chiefs of war, for instance, the constable, a marshal, and the admiral, a captain of the troops, and others, who, if they took the trouble to repair the said outrage, no one need wonder ; and that he himself ought to repair the said violence, according to the tenor of the said truce. Item, and that a certain time afterwards, the said duke of Somercet sent to the king, our said sovereign lord, master Jehan Lenfant, and messire Jehan Hannfork, knight, to whom were made known the said outrages which had 252 LETTERS AND PAPERS : dits attemptaz qui avoient este faiz, comme dit est. Et leur fut dit, de la part de nostre dit souverain Seigneur, que eulx retournez, quilz le voulsissent re- monstrier au dit de Somercet, et incontinent le feist reparer, ou autrement il en pourroit avenir incon- veniant ; et que tantost apres le roy, notre dit sou- verain seigneur, envoyeroit gens depar lui, veoir et savoir se le dits attemptaz auroient este reparez. Item, lesquelz Lenfant et Honneford requirent au roy quil leur pleust donner seurte aux places des dit prince nepveu, et feist cesser toute voye de fait ; et que semblablement le dit gouvernant le feroit ainsi faire et tenir aux places du roy. A quoy fut respondu, que le due de Bretaigne estoit grant prince et grant seigneur, et avoit de grans seigneurs ses parens, et aussi plusieurs capitaines et gens de guerre, et autres, ses serviteurs du dit pays de Bretaigne, been done, as it is said. And they were informed, upon the part of our said sovereign lord, that when they re- turned they should have the goodness to acquaint the said [duke] of Somercet therewith, and cause him to make imme- diate reparation, or otherwise that evils might thence arise ; and that speedily afterwards the king, our said sovereign lord, would send [an embassy] to him, in order to see and know whether the said outrages had been repaired. Item, the said Lenfant and Honneford requested the king to be pleased to give them security as to the places belonging to the said prince nephew, and would cause all acts of violence to cease ; and that in like manner the said governor would cause the same to be done and observed in regard to the places belonging to the king. To this it was answered, that the duke of Bretaigne was a great prince and a great lord, and had great lords among his relatives, and also many captains and soldiers, and others, his servitors, of the said country of HENRY THE STXTH. 253 comme dit est ; et quil estoit vraisemblablement a croyre quilz mettroyent peine de revancbier la grant injure et dommaige que len avoit faite a mon dit seigneur de Bretaigne a la dite prinse de Fougieres. Et pour ce que le roy ne donneroit nulle seurte, ne aussi ne commanderoit que len fist aucune chose de voye de fait, mais quilz gardassent bien leurs places, et que le roy mettroit peine de faire bien garder les siennes, et en oultre quil envoyeroit a Louviers ses ambaxadeurs, cest assavoir, monsieur de Culant et maistre Guillem Cousinot, pour veoir quelle reparacion auroit este faite du dit fait de Fougieres, et des autres attemptas, comme devant est dit, les quelz, quant ils ont este au dit lieu de Loviers, ont trouve que le dit de Somercet navoit aucune chose fait re- parer du dit Fougieres, ne des autres attemptaz. Item, ce non obstant, les dits ambaxadeurs, pour mettre tous jours le roy en son devoir, escriverent au due de Somercet quilz estoient venuz au dit lieu de Bretaigne, as is said ; and that it might reasonably be believed that they would make the effort to revenge the great injury and damage which had been done to my said lord of Bretaigne at the said taking of Fougieres. And because the king neither gave any surety, nor commanded that anything should be done by open force, but that they should watch well their strongholds, and that the king would take good care to guard his own, and moreover that he would send his ambassadors to Louviers, that is to say, monsieur de Culant and master Guillem Cousinot, to see what reparation would be made respecting the said matter of Fougieres, and some other outrages, as before has been said, when they were at the said place of Loviers, they found that the said [duke] of Somercet had made no repa- ration respecting the said Fougieres, nor the other outrages. Item, yet this notwithstanding, the said ambassadors, in order always to place the king in his right, wrote to the duke of Somercet that they had arrived at the said place 254 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Loviers, ainsi que dit avoit este, et avoient trouve qne imlle reparacion ny avoit este faite du dit de Fougiers, et des dits autres attemptaz. Parquoy ilz tenoient estre le roy grandement et honnourablement acquitte et deschargie. Item, et lors le dit de Somercet escrivit aus dits ambaxadeurs, et envoya devers eulx Mondeford et maistre Jehan Lenfant pour devoir besoignier, comme ilz disoient, sur la reparacion des dits attemptas. Mais ce pendant quilz estoient ensemble pour devoir pratiquer et besoignier sur la provision diceulx, les gens de la part du dit nepveu alerent a Neufbourg et cuiderent prendre la place damblee ; et quant ilz eurent failly, avant que partir dillec, bouterent le feu en plusieurs maisons du dit lieu (ee que paravant lattemptat de Fougieres navoit encores este fait nulle part), et brent tout exploit de guerre ; qui estoit petitement monstrer quilz eussent voulente de faire of Loviers, as had been decided upon, and had found that no reparation had been made concerning the said Fougiers, and the said other outrages. Wherefore they held that the king was fully and honourably acquitted and dis- charged. Item, and then the said [duke] of Somercet wrote to the said ambassadors, and sent Mondeford and master Jehan Lenfant to them, in order, as they said, to settle the said reparation of the said outrages. But in the meantime, while they were together in order to plan and settle respecting the provision of the same, the people who were upon the side of the said nephew went to Neufbourg and thought to take the stronghold by stratagem ; and having failed therein, before they departed thence, they set fire to several houses of the said place (a thing which before the out- rage at Fougieres had not yet been done on either side), and acted exactly as in time of war ; which was a sorry proof HENRY THE SIXTH. 255 la dite reparacion des attemptaz precedent et pour la quelle ilz estoient la assemblez. Item, et ce neantmoins, les ambaxadeurs du roy, during ils ■which cer- cuidans tous jours parvenir a la fin pour quoy xxo tain claims estoient alez par dela, cest assavoir, que la reparacion are advan- des attemptaz peust estre faiete, et que sur ce feust English^ donnee bonne provision, furent contens de demorer and re- par dela par plusieurs journees, et de rassambler avec {^French, les gens et ambaxeurs du due de Somercet, les quelz apres plusieurs paroles et communicacions eues en- semble firent loffre qui sensuit, etc. Icy sera recitee la 'premiere offre. Item, et pour ce que celle offre sembla si des- raisonable comme faire se puet, et que en icelle navoit aucune couleur de raison, firent les gens et ambax- eurs du dit due de Somercet autre offre, avec certains protestacions. Icy sera recitee la seconde offre, avec les protestacions . Item, et la quelle offre nestoit point recevable pour and why. of their wish to make the said reparation of the preceding outrages, and for which they were there assembled. Item, and notwithstanding this, the ambassadors of the king, hoping always to attain the object for which they had gone thither, that is to say, that reparation of the out- rages should be made, and that thereupon good provision should be had, were content to tarry there during several days, and to meet with the people and the ambassadors of the duke of Somercet, who, after many words and commu- nications had together, made the offer which follows, etc. Here shall he read the first offer. Item, and because this offer appeared as unreasonable as well might be, and because in it there was no colour of reason, the people and the ambassadors of the said duke of Somercet made another offer, with certain protestations. Here shall he read the second offer , with the protestations. Item, and this offer could not be received for many 256 LETTERS AND PAPERS : plusienrs raisons, ainsi que par les ainbaxadeurs du roy lenr fnt dit et remonstre. La premiere raison estoit ponr ce que les ambax- adeurs du dit due faisoient profcestacion que, par lofFre quilz faisoient, ilz nentendroyent prejudicier a la sub- jection et obeissance quilz avoient sur le due et duebie de Bretaigne, qui estoit mettre en question et debat la souverainete du dit duebie de Bretaigne, et la faire contencieuse, et toutes foiz le roy en a tous jours joy sans quelque debat ; et mesmement par les lettres patentes du prince nepveu donnees et passees sur la prinse des treves. Parquoy 1 il appert clerement que la subjeccion et obeissance du dit pais de Bretaigne appartient au roy, sans quelque question ou debat. Et de present la faire contencieuse seroit faire trop plus grant prejudice au roy que la restitucion de Fougieres ne lui pourroit prouffiter. reasons, as they were told and informed by the king’s am- bassadors. The first reason was, because the ambassadors of the said duke made protestation that, by the offer which they made, they did not intend to do prejudice to the subjection and obedience which they had over the duke and duchy of Bretaigne, which was to place in question and debate the sovereignty of the said duchy of Bretagne, and to make it a matter of dispute, and nevertheless the king has always enjoyed the same without any debate ; and especially by the letters patent of the prince nephew given and passed upon the taking of the truce. Wherefore it appears clearly that the subjection and obedience of the said country of Bretaigne belongs to the king, without any question or debate. And at the present time, to make it an open question would be to occasion far greater harm to the king than the restitution of Fougieres could be to his profit. Farquoy\ Written above the line. HENRY THE SIXTH. 257 Item, aussi ont proteste les dits gens du due de Somercet en faisant la dite offre, que ou cas quelle ne plairoit au prince nepven Dangleterre, que la diteville de Fougieres (suppose quelle feust restituee au due de Bretaigne), elle seroit remise en lestat en quoy elle est, et de ce seroient donnees bonnes seurtiz; par la quelle protestacion appert clerement que . la dite repa- racion de lattemptat de Fougieres seroit nulle et de nul effect ou cas quelle ne plairoit au dit prince nepveu Dangleterre ; et par ainsi loffre dessus . dit nestoit recevable ne raisonnable en aucune maniere. Aussi que ces causes et autres furent bien a plain remonstrees par les ambaxadeurs du roy aux gens du dit due de Somerset, mais et neantmoins ils nen peuvent autre cliose avoir, et leur fut respondu par les gens du dit due quilz navoient puissance de faire autrement ne plus avant. Item, et pour ce que les ambaxadeurs du roy The offers Item, the said people of the duke of Somercet have also protested, while making the said offer, that in case it did not please the prince nephew of England, then the said town of Fougieres (supposing that it were restored to the duke of Bretaigne) should be returned in the condition m which it is, and that to this effect good securities should be given ; by which protestation it appears clearly that the *said reparation of the outrage at Fougieres should be null and of no effect in case it were not pleasing to the said prince nephew of England ; and thus the offer above- said could not be accepted, nor was it reasonable in any manner. Although these causes and others were very fully declared by the ambassadors of the king to the people of the said duke of Somerset, yet and nevertheless, they could not receive any other reply ; and they were ans- wered by the people of the said duke that they had no power to do otherwise or proceed fui ther. Item, and because the ambassadors of the king perceived VOL. I. R 258 LETTERS AND PAPERS : the French voyoient et congnoissent clerement que la matiere amhassa- es t 0 p; taillie de cheoir en rompture, et dautre part dors are . rejected by quilz savoient le grant vouloir et bonne enten- lish Eng cion ( l ue r °y avo ^ que l es dits Irenes feussent entretenues, tant pour lamour quil avoit a son nepveu Dangleterre, que aussi pour le grant desir de pourvenir a paix final ; — eulx de ce certainement in- formez, savancerent de faire aux gens du dit due offre si grande et si avantageuse pour eulx que a peine homme de sain entendement eust ost conseilleir au roy de se bouter si avant. Icy sera recite loffre faicte par les ambaxadeurs du roy. Mais ce non obstant, et que la dite offre soit plus que raisonnable, neantmoins les gens du dit due ne lont voulu au- cunement accepter, dont les dis ambaxadeurs du roy furent moult esmerveilliez et desplaisans, eulx cong- noissans que les gens du dit due ne vouloient venir a aucune raison. Si firent protestacion que le roy sestoit mis tant et si avant en son devoir, quil en and knew clearly that the matter was in train to fall through, and on the other hand they knew the great desire and good intention which the king had that the said truce should be observed, as well for the love which he had for his nephew of England as also for his great desire to attain to a final peace ; — they, being certainly informed hereof, put themselves forward to make the people of the said duke an offer so great and so advantageous to them that scarcely would a man of sound judgment venture to advise the king to advance so far. Here shall be read the offer made by the king’s ambassadors. But this not- withstanding, and although the said offer was more than reasonable, nevertheless the people of the said duke would not by any means accept it, whereas the said ambassadors of the king were exceedingly astonished and displeased when they knew that the people of the said duke would not come to any reasonable terms. Whereupon they made a protest that the king had made such advances and gone so far in HENRY THE SIXTH. 259 devoit estre tenu acquites et deschargie envers Dieu et tous ceulx qui auroient congnoissance de la dite matiere. Et atant sen department, et sen retour- nerent devers le roy. Item, et ceulx venuz devers le roy firent relacion a The em- lui et a son conseil des choses dessus dictes, et com- ^ ment ilz sen estoient departiz sans aucune chose Charles *, . , . , , t . i i. the resolu- povoir besoignier avec les gens du dit due, et que tions at en besoignant de ces matieres les commissaires du dit which i i . , j . , they arrive, due de Somercet, entre autres choses, leur avoient cut que le dit due par faulte de puissance ne povoieut faire plus avant ; qui leur sembla response non raison- nable ne recevable, veu que on ne le requeroit de chose qui ne feust selon la teneur de la treve et con- tenue es lettres du dit prince nepveu, la quelle chose fut au roy moult dure a oyr, considerant la grant amour quil a a son dit nepveu Dangleterre, et le tres grant vouloir et desir quil a au bien de paix. Si his duty that therein he ought to be held acquitted and discharged in the sight of God and all those persons who should become acquainted with the said matter. And forth- with they departed and returned to the king. Item, and when they reached the king, they gave an account to him and his counsel of the matters above men- tioned, and how they had left without having been able to settle any matter with the people of the said duke, and that in the negotiation of these affairs the commis- sioners of the said duke of Somercet, among other things, had told them that the said duke could proceed no further for want of power ; which seemed to them an answer which was unreasonable and could not be received, considering that he was not requested to do anything inconsistent with the import of the truce and the contents of the letters of the said prince nephew, a thing the hearing of which was exceedingly harsh to the king, considering the great love which he bears to his said nephew of England, and the very great will and desire which he has for the blessing of peace. R 2 260 LETTERS AND PAPERS : eust advis et conseil avec aucuns de messigneurs de son sang et autres gens de son grant conseil, qni lors estoient empres Ini, quil avoit a faire, attendu les nou- velles dessns dictes. Si sembla a tous, veu les choses dessus dictes, que le roy sestoit mis tres grandement en son devoir, et plus que devoir, et quil avoit este et estoit clairement et honourablement deschargie, et sen tint pour bien acquitte ; attendu aussi quilz di- soient que le dit de Somercet navoit pas puissance, qui est chose bien estrange, veu que par larticle de la dite treue, le dit nepveu devoit commetre et ordonner homme de pardeca pour entretenir la dit treue, qui eust puissance de donner provision et faire reparer les dictes attemptas, quant le cas advendroit ; veu aussi que le dit prince nepveu, comme il avoit escript au roy, avoit donne toute puissance au dit de Somercet de entretenir les dictes treves, et faire reparer les attemptaz Whereupon he took advice and counsel with certain of the lords of his blood, and the other members of his great council, who at that time were with him, as to what he ought to do, bearing in mind the intelligence mentioned above. Whereupon it appeared to all, considering the matters pre- viously specified, that the king had most fully discharged his duty, and more than his duty, and that he had been, and was, clearly and honourably discharged, and might con- sider himself entirely acquitted herein ; considering also that they stated that the above-named [duke] of Somercet had no power, which is a very strange thing, remembering that by an article of the said truce the said nephew was bound to commission and appoint such a person here, for the preservation of the said truce, as should have power to make provision and to cause reparation of the said outrages, when the case should occur ; considering also that the said prince nephew, as he had written to the king, had given full powers to the said [duke] of Somercet for the preser- vation of the said truce, and to decree compensation for HENRY THE SIXTH. 261 qui auroient estre faiz alencontre dicelles, comme clit est dessus. Item, fut ainsi quil estoit besoing de dormer pro- vision a la seurte de ses places et de ses frontieres, tant pour lui comme pour ses parens et subgiez. Item, et apres la relacion des dictes commissaires oye, le roy la fait savoir au due de Bretaigne et a ses autres parens, et par tout ou il a veu que besoing estoit. Et aussi plusieurs qui lors estoient empres lui sen -sont tirez, cliescun vers sa marclie, pour soy donner provision ainsi que le cas le requeroit. Item, et que ses choses considerees, jasoit ce que le roy ait tous jours tres grant desir de povoir parvenir au bien de paix pom- la singuliere amour quil a a son dit nepveu Dangleterre, et autres causes cy dessus escriptes, toutes foiz ne voit il pas comment de pre- sent ceste matiere se puisse reprandre ; ne les gens de son conseil, qui sont yci en tres petit nombre, ne suck outrages as should be committed in violation of the same, as has been stated above. Item, so it is that it is necessary that, provision be made for the security of bis strongholds and bis frontiers, as well as regards himself as bis kinsmen and subjects. Item, and after the report of the said commissioners had been heard, the king made the duke of Bretaigne and his other kinsmen acquainted therewith, and wherever he thought it necessary so to do. And thereupon many persons, who at that time were with him, withdrew themselves, each to his own frontier, to make such arrangements as circum- stances required of him. Item, and these things considered, although the king has always very great desire to be able to attain the blessing of peace, out of the singular love which he has towards his said nephew of England, and for other causes above spe- cified, nevertheless he does not perceive how he can again open up this matter at the present time ; nor can the members of his council, a very small number of whom are 262 LETTERS AND PAPERS 1 lui oseroient conseillier de y rentrer pour plusieurs raisons, jasoit ce quil ait tres bon vouloir a la matiere. La premiere raison est que quant il auroit prins treue avec le dit due de Somercet, elle seroit tenue de sa part sans aucune difficulte ; et sil avenoit apres que aucun attemptat feust commis alencontre du roy, puet estre que le dit due diroit quil nauroit pas puissance de y donner provision, ne den faire faire reparation, ainsi que nagueres il a dit et fait dire par ses gens pour le fait de Fougieres. Et par ainsi toute la charge en vendroit sur ceulx qui aurient conseillie au roy de reprandre la matiere. Item, et pour autre raison, car quant le roy a acoustumie de besoignier en si haultes matieres, il a tous jours appelle messeigneurs de son sang et autres gens de conseil en bon nombre, les quelz de present here present, venture to recommend him to enter again upon it for many reasons, although he has a very great wish for the business. The first reason is that when he shall have made a truce with the said duke of Somercet, it would be observed without any difficulty upon his part, and if it happened afterwards that any outrage were committed against the king, it might so happen that the said duke should say that he had no power to take any notice of it, or to cause reparation to be made for the same, as of late he has said, and caused to be said by his people, in the matter of Fougieres. And by this means the whole responsibility thereof would fall upon those persons who had advised the king to resume the matter. Item, and for another reason, for when the king has been wont to deal in affairs of such high importance he has always summoned the lords of his blood and the other members of his council in good number, who at this time HENRY THE SIXTH. 263 sont absens, les ungs pour les causes dessus dictes, et les autres pour leurs besoignes et affaires. Item, pour ce que aussi les gens du dit due de Somercet se sont efforciez de faire la duchie de Bre- taigne contencieuse, qui est une des plus grans ma- tures, et qui plus touebe le roy qui puisse gueres avenir en ce royaume, par quoy plusieurs extiment que quelque parole de treue ou de paix que le dit due ait fait dire, quil na pas grant vouloir den venir a la bonne conclusion, que le roy desire puis quil met telle question en avant, jasoit ce que le roy croit bien que ceulx qui en ont porfce les paroles y procedent de bonne foy, neant moins toutes et quantes foiz que le roy congnoistra evidemment que, de la part de son dit nepveu Dangleterre, on vouldroit entendre par effect au bien de paix par toutes voyes justes et raisonnables, le roy se mettra tant et si avant en son devoir que are absent, some in consequence of the causes above spe- cified, and others upon their own business and affairs. Item, since, moreover, the people of the said duke of Somercet have attempted to make the duchy of Bretaigne an open question, which is a matter of the highest im- portance, and one which touches the king nearer than almost any other which can arise in this realm, in consequence of this many persons think that whatever may have been the words spoken by the said duke concerning a truce or peace, he has no great wish that the same should arrive at a good conclusion, still the king’s desire is that this question should be proceeded with, although the king firmly believes that those persons who have conveyed the message have proceeded therein with good faith, nevertheless when- soever and as often as the king shall clearly know that, upon the part of his said nephew of England, there exists the wish to give effectual attention to the blessing of peace by all means which are just and reasonable, then the king will proceed in such wise and so far in his duty that God A.D, 1449. July 24. Present position of affairs. 264 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Dieu et le monde pourra congnoistre la bonne enten- cion et bon vouloir quil a tons jours eu en ceste matiere . 1 1449. Beply of the Duke of Burgundy to the Ambassadors of Charles the Seventh, king of France, who had been sent to the duke requesting advice as to how the king should act towards the English, they having broken the truce . 2 Sur ce que monsieur le conte de Saint Pol, mon- sieur de Blainville, conseilliers et chambellans, et maistre Mathieu Beauvarler, secretaire du roy nostre seigneur, et ses ambaxadeurs envoiez devers monsieur le due de Bourgoigne et de Brabant, en lui exposant and the world shall he enabled to perceive the good in- tention and the good wishes which he has always had in this matter. In reference to what has been said by monsieur the count de Saint Pol, monsieur de Blainville, councillors and chamberlains, and master Mathieu Beauvarler, the secretary of the king, our master, and his ambassadors who have been sent to monsieur the duke de Bourgoigne and Bra- 1 Matiere ] This document has no endorsement. It is written upon three leaves of paper, forming folios 86, 87, and 88 of the Baluze MS., leaving the folios 89, 90, and 91 blank. The watermark is an ox, with a cross between his horns. 2 From the contemporaneous copy in the MS. Baluze, 9675, A., fol. 37. HENRY THE SIXTH. 265 la creaunce et charge quilz avoient de par le roy, ont dit ; — que puis nagaires le roy avoit receues lettres de son nepveu Dangleterre, contenants creance sur Edouart Grimeston, et aussi pluseurs lettres du due de Sombreset, tant par Sombreset le berault comme par SufFoick, et aussi par messire Jehan Hamesfort, chevalier, et maistre Jehan Lenfent, sur les quelles lettres le roy leur avoit faite response par escript, et aussi avoit envoie Jehan Havart, son varlet tren- chant, devers son dit nepveu Dangleterre avecques instrumens sur ces matieres. Et dautre part, aussi le roy avoit receues lettres de monsieur le due de Bre- taigne, les quelles lettres, avecques les copies des autres lettres, responses et instructions dessus dictes, faisans mencion tant de la paix comme des treves et at- temptas pretenduz dune parte et dautre contre icelles, et aussi de la guerre, le roy avoit fait baillier a iceulx ses ambaxadeurs pour les monstrer a mon dit bant, to state to him the credence and the charge with which they have been enstrusted by the king since of late the king has received letters from his nephew of England, which contained credence for Edouart Grimestone, and also several letters of the duke of Somberset, as well by Sombreset the herald as by SufFoick, and also by mes- sire Jehan Hamesfort, knight, and master Jehan Lenfent. to which letters the king has made answer in writing, and also has sent Jehan Havart, his valet carver, to his said nephew of England with instruments upon these matters. And on the other side, the king has also re- ceived letters from monsieur the duke of Bretaigne, which letters, together with the copies of other letters, the answers and instructions above mentioned, making mention as well of the peace as of the truce and the alleged outrages upon the one part and the other against them, and also of the war, the king has caused to be delivered to his ambas- sadors, so that they may exhibit them to my said lord 266 LETTERS AND PAPERS : The answer of the duke of Bur- gundy to the various articles suggested by the king of France. seigneur de Bourgoigne et lui communiquer les matieres y contenues, a fin davoir sur le tout son conseil et advis. A este respondu a iceulx ambaxeurs par mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne ce que sensuit. Premierement, que mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne remereie le roy tres humblement de lonneur quil lui fait, et de la bonne amour et affection quil demon- stre avoit envers lui en lui faisant communiquer les dits matiers si au long, et primierement, comme il a fait. Secondement, que mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne donneroit tres volentiers bon conseil au roy, et ne lui vouldroit point celer, mais dire tout ce quil sauroit estre a son bon et prosperite de son royaume, si ay ant quil en pourroit avoir congnoissance ; car de tout son cuer il desire lonneur et prosperite de lui et de son royaume. of Bourgoigne, and to communicate to him the matters contained therein, in order to have his counsel and advice upon the whole. The answer made to these ambassadors by my said lord of Bourgoigne is as follows. In the first place, that my said lord of Bourgoigne thanks the king very humbly for the honor which he has done to him, and for the good love and affection which he has shewn towards him in causing the said matters to be communicated to him so fully, and at the first, as he has done. Secondly, that my said lord of Bourgoigne will very willingly give the king good advice, and has no wish whatever to conceal it from him, but would tell him all he knows to be to his good and the prosperity of his realm, as far as he can have knowledge of the same ; for with all his heart he desires the honor and prosperity of him and his kingdom. HENRY THE SIXTH. 267 Tiercement, quil a fait veoir en son conseil les dictes lettres, copies, et escriptures baillees de la parte des dictes ambaxadeurs, et lui semble que le roy tres prudemment et saigement se est conduit, et a hon- neurablement et bien respondu a tout ce que lui a este expose et reques de la partie Dangleterre, dont es dictes escriptures et copies est faicte mencion. Et en particular, touchant la paix, semble que le roy y a bien et saigement respondu, en disant, entre autres cli oses, que a lui na tenu ne tiendra que paix ne soit, qui est a entendre de paix bonnorable et raisonnable, et selon la disposition des clioses an temps que on vouldroit traictier de paix. Et quant le roy par la deliberacion de son conseil trouvra les clioses dis- posees a bonne paix, et sera conseillie dy entendre, lors mon dit seigneur de Bourgoigne, qui tousjours a desire bonne paix, sera prest de sur ce donner et In the third place, that he has caused the said letters, copies and writings delivered upon the part of his said ambassadors to be exhibited in his council, and it appears to him that the king has conducted himself very prudently and wisely, and has answered honorably and well to all that has been produced and required of him upon the side of England, of which mention is made in the said writings and copies. And in particular, touching this peace, it appears that the king has replied well and wisely in saying, among other things, that it has been and shall be no fault of his, if there be no peace, which is to be understood of an honorable and reasonable peace, and according to the position of affairs at the time when it is desired that a peace should be treated for. And when the king shall find, by the deliberation of his council, that matters are in train towards a good peace, and shall be advised to give heed thereto, then my said lord of Bourgoigne, who has always desired a good peace, will be ready to give, and to cause to be given, advice to the 268 LETTERS AND PAPERS : faire donner conseil an roy, efc autrement soy y acquirier a son povoir, telement que le roy ponrra avoir clere congnoissance de la grant et bonne affec- tion quil a an bien de lui et de son royaume. Au regart des treves prises par le roy avecques les Anglois, il semble qne le roy, en entretenant de sa part icelles treves, a gran dement et bien garde son honneur, anssi a il bien et duement respondu aux attemptas pretendnz de la part des Anglois ; et pareillement la fait monseigneur de Bretaigne par ses ambaxadeurs es journees qui ont este sur ce tenues, selon que declaire est plus a plain es dictes escrip- tures. Et a surplus, touchant le fait de mon dit seigneur de Bretaigne, — attendu la proucbaintte de lignaige dont il attient au roy, quil est son subget, et lui a fait hommage, et le recongneu son souverain seigneur, et que a ceste occasion (comme il est assez notoire king thereupon, and in other respects to bring it about to the best of his power, in such wise that the king may have a clear perception of the great and good affec- tion which he has towards his prosperity and that of his kingdom. In regard to the truce entered into by the king with the English, it appears that the king, in observing this truce upon his part, has entirely and well preserved his own honour, and has also well and duly answered to the alleged outrages on the part of the English ; and mon- seigneur de Bretaigne has done the like by his ambas- sadors in the meetings which have been held hereupon, as is declared more at length in the said writings. And in addition, touching the business of my said lord of Bretaigne, — bearing in mind the nearness of the rela- tionship in which he stands to the king, that he is his subject, and has done him homage, and has acknowledged him as his sovereign lord, and that upon this occasion HENRY THE SIXTH. 269 par la commune renommee qui en est,) les Anglois ont fait la prinse cle Fougieres, et lui porteroient voulentiers plus grant dommaige ; attendu aussi que es dictes treves il est compris en deux manieres avec- ques ses pais, lune en la generalite, comme subget du roy et membre du royaume, et lautre especial- mi ent, pour ce que de la part du roy il y a este mis et compris par expres, — semble que le roy ne le peut ou doit habandonner ne dissimuler en ceste partie, et a tres bien fait de le avoir secouru, et lui avoit envoy e les gens darmes et de trait que envoiez lui a, et que au surplus il lui doit donner tout ayde, confort, et assistance possibles pour la seurte de lui et de son pays, et mesmement pour la recouvrance de la dicte place de Fougieres, et reparacion de si grant attemptat fait contre et en prejudice des dictes treves, et que en se faisant on ne peut dire que le roy face ou attempt riens contre (as is sufficiently notorious by the common report on the matter) the English have taken Fougieres, and wilfully inflicted upon him very great damage ; considering also that in the said truce he is comprised, as well as his country, in two ways, the one in general terms, as the king’s subject and a member of the kingdom, the other indi- vidually, in as much as he is expressly introduced and comprehended therein, upon the king’s part, — it appears that the king neither can nor ought to abandon him, nor dissemble in this matter, and that he has acted ex- ceedingly properly in having assisted him and in having sent him such men-at-arms and archers as he has sent to him, and that, moreover, he ought to give him all aid, comfort, and assistance possible, for the safety of himself and his country, and especially for the recovery of the said fortress of Fougieres, and for the reparation of the very great outrage committed against and in prejudice of the said truce, and^ that in so doing ifc cannot be said that the king has done or attempted anything contrary 270 LETTERS AND PAPERS: les dites treves, mais selon le contenu dicelles le peut et doit ainsi faire, et mesmes ceulx de la partie Dangleterre, silz estoient sur ce requis, y devroient eulx mesmes aidier. Et quant au surplus, que le roy se declaire des maintenant a guerre ouverte contre les dits Anglois, en tenant et reputant les dictes treves pour en- fraictes, ainsi que mon diet seigneur , de Bretaigne lui a nagaires et derreinement fait requerir par son clianceller et autres ses ambaxadeurs, veu ce que le roy a escript et signifie sur ce, tant a son diet nepveu Dangleterre comme a mou diet seigneur de Sombreset, dont es dictes escriptures est faicte decla- racion a plain, et quil est vraysemblable que le roy atendra le retour de ses ambaxadeurs quil devoit envoier a Louviers et illecques environ, se desia retournez ne sont, pour savoir se de la part des dits Anglois sera faicte restitucion et reparacion du to the said truce, but according to the contents thereof he can and ought so to do, and even the persons who are on the English side, were they thereto required, are themselves bound to assist therein. And as for the remainder, whether the king should, from the present time, declare himself at open war with the said English, holding and regarding the said truce to be broken, in such wise as my said lord of Bre- taigne has of late and recently required by his chan- cellor and others of his ambassadors, considering that the king has written and communicated hereupon, as well with his said nephew of England as with my said lord of Sombreset, of which a full statement is made in the said writings, and since it is probable that the king will await the return of his ambassadors whom he will send to Louviers and the neighbourhood, if they be not already returned, to ascertain whether any restitution and reparation will be made upon the part of the English for HENRY THE SIXTH. 271 dit attemptat de Fougieres, et peut estre aussi le retour de Havart, son escuier descurie, par lui envoie devers son dit nepveu Dangleterre, — seinble que en ayant consultacion de la part du roy a ce que ses predecesseurs ou fait de leurs guerres contre les dits Anglois se sont conduiz et gouvernez tant honnoura- blement que faire se peut par bon advis et conseil, et mesmement des seigneurs de leur sang, et le roy semblablement la ainsi fait de son temps, et tellement quil en a grant louenge et recommendacion, se le plaisir du roy estoit de ordonner une journee briefue en telle lieu quil lui plaira, a la quelle il feist assem- bler les gens de son conseil et y mander les seigneurs de son sang et autres ses officers et subgiz, telz et en tel nombre que bon lui sembleroit, pour avoir leur advice et conseil sur le dit article de la guerre, quil feroit tres bien ; et que ouy le rapport des dites am- the said outrage of Fougieres, as also may be the case in regard to the return of Havart, his esquire equerry, by him sent to his said nephew of England, — it appears that the king, regard being had, upon his part, to what his predecessors have done in their wars with the said English, how they have conducted and guided themselves as honourably as could possibly be done by good advice and counsel, and especially by that of the lords of their blood, and that the king in like manner has done the same in his time, and in such wise that therein he has had great praise and approbation, would do exceedingly well, if it were his pleasure, to appoint a speedy day of meeting at such a place as should please him, at which he might assemble the members of his council and summon there lords of his blood and others, his officers and subjects, such persons and in such number as to him should seem good, in order to have their advice and counsel touching the said article of the war, and that when he has heard the report of the said ambas- 272 LETTERS AND PAPERS: baxadeurs par lui envoiez devers son dit nepveu Dangleterre, mon seigneur de Sombreset et ailleurs, et sceu par eulx et autrement la disposicion au bien de paix, lors les matieres debatues et euz les advis de ceuJx que mandez auroit, il pourroit conclure sur le tout plus seurement et mieulx a son honneur, et au bien de lui et de son royaume, que de present il ne peut faire ; et lors aussi mon dit seigneur de Bour- gogne y envoiera de ses gens notables pour, avecques les autres qui y seront, donner au roy conseil et advis en ces matieres ainsi quil semblera selon la disposition des cboses ; et ce que len mettra lors en termes que faire il devra au bien du roy et de son royaume, dont il desire lonneur et prosperite de tout son cuer et vouloir. Et semble que le roy fera bien de preveoir ce pendant, se desia preveu ny a, a la garde et seurte sadors sent by him to his said nephew of England, my lord of Sombreset, and elsewhere, and has ascertained from them, and by other means, their disposition towards the blessing of a peace, then when the matters have been discussed, and he has had the opinion of the persons whom he has sent, he should arrive at some conclusion upon the whole which shall tend more surely and better to his honour, and to the advantage of himself and his kingdom, than he can do at this present time ; and then my said lord of Bourgogne will also send thither some of his people of influence, who, in conjunction with the others there present, will give the king such counsel and advice in these matters as shall seem fitting according to the position of affairs ; and then, whatever ought to be done for the good of the king and of his realm, the honour and prosperity of which he desires with all his heart and will, can be reduced into [express] terms. And it appears that the king would do well were he in the mean time to make provision, if he has not already done HENRY THE SIXTH. 273 de ses places, efc a faire aproucber ses gens de guerre les frontieres des Anglois. Demontesmes. (. Dor.so .) La relacion de Bourgoigne, faite par mon- sieur de Blainville et maistre Mathieu Beau- mond. (In another hand.) La response faite par monseigneur de Bourgoigne aux ambaxadeurs du roy envoiez devers lui a Bruges, et relates au roy par monseigneur de Blainville et maistre Mathew BrauiTbec, le xxiiij e . jour de Juillet, m.cccc.xlix . 1 so, for the protection and safety of his strongholds, and to cause his forces to draw near the frontiers of the English. Demontesmes. ( Dorso .) The report of Bourgoigne, made by monsieur de Blainville and master Mathieu Beaumond. (In another hand.) The answer made by monseigneur de Bourgoigne to the ambassadors of the king sent to him at Bruges, and reported to the king by monseigneur de Blainville and master Mathew Braun’bec, the xxiiij. day of July, m.cccc.xlix. 1 A contemporary copy. The watermark is an anchor surmounted by a cross. VOL. I. S 274 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1449. 28 Dec. The writer recom- mends Thomas Spence, papal pro- thonotary. 1449. Letter of James the Seventy king of Scotland, to Charles the Second, king of France, containing credence for Thomas Spence . 1 Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Chris- tianissimo Francorum regi, fratri ac confoederato nostro amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scotorum, successus ad vota felices, cordis ex intimis amorem sincerrimum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps, frater ac confederate aman- tissime, dum de vestrae clarissimae celsitudinis felici prosperitate informamur, ingenti laetitia consolamur ; exorantes attente quatenus in animi nostri consola- tionem quam maximam aut intermissis literis vel nunciorum relatibus de vestrae inclitissimae serenitatis statu felici nos certiorare velitis. Inclitissime princeps, vestram celsitudinem exoramus attente quatenus quoad communicata et appunctata per nostros ambaxiatores, ac alia nostrae personae ac nostrae amantissimae consortis reginae, ac regni nostri, cum aliis emergen tibus, statum et honor em concernen- tibus, spectabili viro magistro Thomae Spens, sacro- sanctae sedis apostolicae protonotario , 2 nostroque con- ciliario sincere dilecto ac specialiter confiso, quern pro finali praemissorum complemento communicatorum vestrae clarissimae celsitudini mittimus oneratum, benignam audientiam fidemque indubiam adhibere, ac gratam celeremque expeditionem impendere, nostri contempla« tione, velit eadem inclitissima celsitudo fraternitasque amantissima memorata ; offerentes nos ad quaeque eidem amantissimae celsitudini grata laetissime am- 5 Erom the original in the Baluze MS., 9987-3, No. 14. 2 Protonotario] Prothonotario. MS. HENRY THE SIXTH 275 plexanda, quam in prosperitate votiva ad vestri regni et reipublicte felicissima regimina conservet Altissimus. Scrip turn apud Edinburgh, xxviij. die mensis Bate. Decembris. James R. (Dor so.) Excellentissimo principi Karolo Dei gratia invictissimo Francorum regi, fratrique ac con- foederato nostro amantissimo. (In another hand.) R\ a Alencon, le xxvj. de Mars, m.ccccxlix. 1 1450 . Letter of Francois de Surienne, surnamed Arragonois, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, in which he claims to be considered as a subject of the king of Aragon. 2 Tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, a.D. H5o. je me recommande a votre tres haulte mageste tant 24 Jan ‘ et si tres humblement comme je puis. The writer mentions [Translation.] Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, I recommend myself to your most high majesty in such wise and as humbly as I can. 1 The watermark is a pair of open shears. 2 From the original letter, in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, No. 37, fol, 125. s 2 276 LETTERS AND PAPERS : his journey into Italy, and claims to be con- sidered as a subject of the king of Aragon. Et vous plaise savoir que jay este a Naples devers le roy Darragon, ainsi que derreinerement fut advise, et que lavoie dit a daucuns de messieurs de votre conseil, le quel ma fait tres honnorables acueil et bonne chere, et acbargie ung de ses roys darmes et ung poursuivant pour porter en Angleterre lordre du Jar tier, ainsi que le clixoie, et men suis deschargie, et lay delivere au dit roy darmes en la presence du dit roy Darragon, qui des lors le fist partir pour porter le dit ordre ; ensemble les escriptures necessaires pour mon fait et descharge ; desquelles escriptures jay laisse le double au dit roy Darragon, qui les a fait visiter par mes- sieurs de son conseil. Et pareillement les ay monstrees et laisses le dit double a Homme, et ailleurs en mon voiage en lieux appartenants, pour congnoistre la clarte du cas. Et tellement, tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, que pour ceste heure je ne me tien subget se nest au dit roy Darragon, pour ce And may it please you to know that I have been at Naples with the king of Arragon (as of late was decided upon, and as I have told certain of the nobles of your council), who gave me a most honourable reception and good treatment, and directed one of his kings-at-arms together with a poursuivant to convey the Order of the Garter into England, as I had told him, and thereof I have freed myself, and have delivered it to the said king-at- arms in the presence of the said king of Arragon, and he thereupon set out to convey the said order, together with the writings necessary for my business and discharge ; of which writings I have left a copy with the said king of Arragon, who has caused them to be examined by the lords of his council. And in like manner I have exhi- bited them at Rome, and left the said duplicate there and elsewhere in my journey in the proper places, in order to make known the clearness of the case. And thus, most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, from this hour I hold myself a subject only of the said king of Arragon, because he is my natural HENRY THE SIXTH. 277 quil est mon natnrel seigneur, et lattente que jay en votre elite tres haulte mageste et benigne grace, soubz la quelle jay esperance vivre et mourir moy et les miens, se cest votre plaisir, en obeissant a voz bons commandemens, comme voz vraiz et loiaulx subge^. Tres liault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, plaise vous me commander voz bon plaisirs, pour les accomplir de tout mon povoir, au plaisir de notre Seigneur, qui vous doint tres bonne vie et longue. Escript a Pisy, le xxiiij. jour de Januer. ° ] Yotre tres humble et obeyssant, 1 F. Laragonoys. (Dorso.) A tres liault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, le roy de France. ( In another hand) Francoys Larragonnoys, en Januer, 1450. lord, and the trust which I have in your said most high majesty and benign grace, under which I and mine hope to live and die, if it be your pleasure, in obedience to your good commandments, like your true and loyal subjects. Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, may it please you to intimate to me your good pleasure, that I may fulfil it with all my power, to the pleasure of our Lord, whom I pray to give you a very happy and long life. Written at Pisy, the xxiiij. day of January. Your most humble and obedient, F. Laragonoys. (Dorso) To the most high, most excellent, and very powerful prince, the king of France. (In another hand) Francoys Larragonnoys, in January, 1450 . 1 This line and the signature are autograph. There is no watermark. 278 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1450. 15 March. The rea- sons which induced the writer to draw up this present statement. 1450. A Statement by Francis de Surienne, of the cir- cumstances connected with the assault of Fougieres, transmitted by him to king Henry the Sixth . 1 A tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, le roy Dangleterre. Comme il soit ainsi que moy, Francoys de Surienne, dit Larragonnoys, naguaires votre subget et serviteur, eusse pris 2 la place de F ougeres, laquelle prise 3 le roy de France, votre bel oncle, et ses subgez maient donne charge, disans que javoie enfraint voz treves ; et au departement de la quelle place, considerant plusieurs faultes qui mont este faites, et grans dangers ou me suis trouve par plusieurs foiz en votre service, je me suis dispose de me retraire et aller, moy, ma femme [Translation.] To the most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, the king of England. Since it is so that I, Francoys de Surienne, called Larragonnoys, of late your subject and servant, have taken the stronghold of Fougeres, which capture has formed the subject of an accusation brought against me by the king of France, your uncle-in-law, and his subjects, who state that I have broken your truce ; and at my departure from the said place, considering the many losses which I have sustained, and the great dangers in which I have frequently found myself in your service, I have determined, 1 From the original, or a dupli- cate of the original, contained in the MS. Baluze, 9037-7, fol. 111. A fair copy, upon paper, is also contained in the same volume, which furnishes a few variations and two important additions. These two texts are cited as A. and B. 2 Pris ] Prins. B. 3 Prise ] Prins. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 279 et enfans, user le demourant de mes jours en mon hostel en Arragon. Et pour y aller seurement, ay fait requerir et supplier votre dit bel oncle quil lui pleust me donner son sauf conduit durant six mois, pour ce que ne savoie en quelle espace de temps y pourroie mener ma dicte femme, a cause de sa foiblesse et in- disposicion, le quel de sa grace ma octroye. Et en faisant mon chemin ma este rapporte que vous, tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, et autres messeigneurs de votre sang et conseil, avez ymagina- cion que le roy, votre dit bel oncle, ou autres de par lui, maient fait faire la dicte enterprise. F. Laragonoys . 1 Or est ainsi, tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puis- sant prince, ces choses venues a ma congnoissance, along with my wife and children, to withdraw myself and to go and pass the remainder of my days in my residence in Arragon. And in order to go thither in safety, I have requested and petitioned your said uncle-in-law that he would be pleased to give me a safe conduct during six months, since I do not know within what space of time I shall be able to convey thither my said wife, in conse- quence of her weakness and indisposition ; which safe conduct he has granted me of his grace. And in the progress of my journey it has been reported to me that you, most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and others, the lords of your blood and council, have supposed that the king, your said uncle-in-law, or other persons with him, have caused me to undertake the said enterprise. F. Laragonoys. But so it is, most high, most excellent, and most power- ful prince, that when I had knowledge of these things, I F. Laragonoys ] This, and all the other signatures are originals in A. 280 LETTERS AND PAPERS : The enter- prise against Fougieres originated with the duke of Suffolk. considerant que se ne declaroie la maniere de la dicte prise, que tant ou pays dont je suis que en autres royaumes, et en voz seigneuries et les siennes, la charge de ce fait pourroit demourer sur moy en perpetuel memoire, la quelle chose ne vouldroye que ainsi a tort fut pour tout le tresor du monde. Pour la quelle cause ay differe et rompu mon dit voyage, suratten- dant que la vraye congnoissance en soit a votre dit bel oncle, et a tous autres en son dit royaume et ailleurs, et a vous semblablement, en tant que le fait me touche et peult toucher avant que plus avant eslongne vos dictes seigneuries et les siennes. F. Laragonoys. Tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, pour donner a vous et a tous autres la vraye con- gnoissance du cas, et du commencement de la chose, vray est que Mathieu Go 1 et autres se penoient davoir considered that if I did not declare the manner of the said capture, accusation arising from this incident might continue in perpetual memory against me, as well in the country in which I am as in other realms, both in your dominions and in his own, which wrong I would not endure for all the treasure in the world. For this cause I have delayed and suspended my said journey, waiting that the true knowledge thereof should reach your said uncle -in- law, and all other persons in his said realm and elsewhere, and you also, since the fact does affect me, and can affect me as far as your said dominions and his, extend. F. Laragonoys. Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, in order to give you, and all others, the true knowledge of the case, and of the commencement of the business, true it is that Mathieu Go and others were urgent to have Go] Goult. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 281 Thommassin du Quesne, mon escheleur, et autres de mes gens, pour trouver moyen de recouvrer messire Gilles 1 de Bretaigne. Et avint que ung de mes gens, nomine Jehan le Roussellet, 2 lors mareschal de Yernueil, me demanda conge pour aller ou royaume Dangleterre, pourcliasser devers votre tres liaulte seig- neurie, et par le moyen de monseigneur de Suffolk, aucuns choses que lui estoient necessaires ; le quel conge je lui donnay. Et a son retour du dit royaume Dangleterre, 3 me dit que en parlant a mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, entre autres clioses, avoient parle ensemble des griefz que les Bretons faisoient sur vos diz subgez, et que mon dit seigneur lui avoit dit que se je voulloie entreprendre sur la place de Fougeres, que je le feisse et entreprisse 4 seurement ; et que la chose advenue, se Thommassin du Quesne, my escalade-master, and others of my people, in order to find the means of liberating messire Gilles de Bretaigne. And it happened that one of my people, named Jehan le Roussellet, at that time marshal of Yernueil, asked permission for me to go into the kingdom of England, in order to procure from your most high lordship, by means of my lord of Suffolk, certain articles which were necessary for him ; which permission I granted him. And upon his return from the said realm of Eng- land he told me that, in speaking with my said lord of Suffolk, among other things, they had some conversation upon the injuries committed by the Bretons upon your said subjects, and that my said lord had told him that if I would make an attempt upon the stronghold of Fougeres, the exploit and attempt would be done with certainty; and that when the thing occurred, if God were pleased to 1 Gules'] Giles. B. 2 Roussellet] Rousselet. B. 3 Du dit royaume Dangleterre] Du dit Augleterre. B. 4 Entreprisse] Entreprinsse. B. 282 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Dieu la voulloit conduire, je ne me soussisse 1 de quelque semblant ou manieres que len me feist, et quil en cheviroit bien, et me manderoit tousjours comment je my devroie conduire. Et a celle fin mapporta lettres de creance de par mon 2 dit seigneur de Suffolk, les quelles il me bailla, et me afferma que cestoit lex- position de la creance quil lui avoit charge me dire. Et par plusieurs foiz et en diverses distances je feis relater au dit Roussellet 3 la dite creance, pour savoir se aucunement le trouveroie variable, ce que non, maiz le trouvay tousjours en ung proppos, sans changer aucunnement la substance. Et moy cuidant faire votre plaisir et le bien de votre seigneurie, aussi que desiroie faire, feis dilligence de envoyer au dit Fougeres, pour savoir le plus convenable moyen pour parvenir a la dicte prise . 4 further it, I need not be anxious about any appearance or aspect which might be assumed towards me, and that he would manage the affair to my satisfaction, and would continually let me know liow I should conduct myself therein. And to this end he brought me letters of credence from my said lord of Suffolk, which he delivered to me, and he assured me that this was the meaning of the credentials, which he was charged to tell me. And at many times and at different intervals I repeated the said credence to the said Roussellet, in order to ascertain whether I should find him at all inconsistent therein, which I did not, but I found him always to the same purport, without in any way varying the statement. And believing that I was doing you a pleasure and the good of your sovereignty, as I desired to do, I did my diligence to send to the said Fougeres, to discover the most convenient mode of conducting the said capture. F. Laragonoys. F. Laragonoys, 1 Soussisse] Souciassc. B. 2 De par mon ] De mon. B 3 Roussellet ] Ronsselet. B. 1 Prise ] The following article occurs in the second copy only. HENKY THE SIXTH. 283 Item, pour ce que je navoye place aprouchant les Conde marches du dit Fougieres, j envoy e derecliief au dit ^ a “ h s ^ erred Angleterre ung mien surviteur, nomine Raoul de Ya- writer in tonne, pour advertir mon dit seigneur de Suffolk que se je navoye aucune place sur les dits marches, je ne terprise, pourroye conduire le fait de la dite place; le quel "XonTho mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, apres plusieurs ouvertures, writer, ad visa que la place de Conde sur Noire Eaue me seroit bien propice, et en escrivy a messire Jehan Fastolf, a qui la dicte place estoit, et la me fist de- livrer. Item, et certaine espace de temps aprez, alay au dit royaume Dangleterre, et en parlant a mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, en line de voz places nominee Monmood , 1 entre autres clioses, de son proppre mouve- ment me parla de lentreprise de la dicte place de Fougieres, et me dist que se la povoie prendre, que ce Item, because I had no place contiguous to the marches of the said Fougieres, I sent once more into England afore- said a servant of mine, named Raoul de Yatonne, to in- form my said lord of Suffolk that if I had no place upon the said borders I could not conduct the expedition against the said place ; and my said lord of Suffolk, after many overtures, decided that the place of Conde sur Noire Eaue would be very convenient for me, and he wrote about it to messire Jehan Fastolf, to whom the said place be- longed, and caused it to be delivered to me. Item, and a certain space of time afterwards, I went to the said kingdom of England, and then conversing with my said lord of Suffolk, in one of your places named Monmood, among other things, of his own free accord he spoke to me of the enterprise of the said place of Fou- gieres, and told me that if I could take it, that this would be 1 Monmood ] Moncord', B. 284 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Being fur- ther en- couraged by the duke of Somerset Surienne consents, seroit tres bien besongne, et que autres foiz lui mesmes avoit fait le cas semblable pour le bien cle son prince ; et que ung bon guerroieur ne doibt jamaiz faire diffi- culte pour chose qui soit de prendre une bonne place sur la frontiere des ennemis, ou ung bon port sur mer. Et quant je veis 1 que de lui mesmes me de- claroit la substaunce que je voulloie savoir de lui, ne lui en ozay plus avant toucher ; car il me sembloit quil vous en povoit avoir touche, et quil ne me appar- tenoit plus avant enquerir de vos secrez. F. Laragonoys. Item, et moy estant ou dit royaume Dangleterre, ordonnastes au gouvemement de Normandie monseig- neur de Somercet ; 2 et pour ce de votre tres 3 liaulte et benigne grace vous avoit pleu me faire lonneur de very well clone, and that upon a previous occasion lie himself had done a thing of the same kind for the ad- vantage of his prince ; and that a good warrior ought never to make any difficulty in such a matter as taking a good fortress upon the enemies’ frontiers, or a good port upon the sea. And when I perceived that he voluntarily proffered the information which I wished to learn of him, I did not venture to speak of the matter further ; for it appeared to me that he might have settled it with you, and that it was not my part to enquire further into your secrets. F. Laragonoys. Item, and while I was in the said kingdom of England, you appointed ns governor of Normandy my lord of Somercet ; and because of your most high and benign grace you were pleased to do me the honour to make me 1 Veis ] Vy. B. I 3 Tres ] Om. B. 2 Somercet] Sommercet. B. HENRY TnE SIXTH. 2S5 m acorn paigner de votre ordre du Jar tier , 1 parlay a mon (lit seigneur de Somerset 2 en son hostel des 3 Jacobins de Londres de la dicte entreprise de Fougeres, et lui suppliay quil lui pleust me conseillier se cestoit chose que je peusse, on deusse, faire sans votre des- plaisir, charge de repruche du dit ordre, ne autrement ; qui me dist et certiffia que se la povoie prendre, que je demourroie a jamaiz ami de vous et de votre royaume, et que le fait du dit ordre du Jartier ne me povoit 4 en riens prejudicier touchant ce cas. Et mesmement, depuis quil fu pardeca la mer, me parla de la dicte entreprise ; 5 6 me monstrant quil estoit tres courousse 0 contre ung de mes amis qui en avoit parle, doubtant que icelle entreprise ne fust descouverte, ou rompue. F. Laragonoys. one of tlie company of your Order of the Garter, I spoke to my said lord of Somerset, in his house of the Jacobins of London, about the said enterprise of Fougeres, and requested him to be pleased to advise me whether this were a thing which I could, or ought, to undertake without incurring your displeasure, or bringing a charge which should be a reproach upon the said order, or otherwise ; and he told me, and assured me, that if I could take it, I should continue for ever the friend of yourself and your realm, and that the fact of being of the said order of the Garter could not in any way prejudice me touching the present undertaking. And, moreover, since he has been on this side of the sea, he has talked with me respecting the said enterprise ; showing me that he was very angry with one of my friends who had spoken about it, being apprehensive that this enterprise should be discovered, or broken off. F. Laragonoys. 1 Du Jartier ] Om. B. 2 Somerset ] Soramercet. 3 Des] Es. B. 4 Povoit ] Peut. B. 5 Entreprise ] Here B. adds, Ou chastel de Caan. 6 Courousse'] Corrouue. B. 286 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Item, et derechief menvoya son herault nomme Mortaing, jusques en mon hostel a Longny , 1 qni map- porta lettres de creance, lequel me dist depar mon dit seigneur que sur tout que je voulloye faire service a vous et a lui, je entreprisse 2 sur le Francoys, loing ou prez, ainsi quil me seroit possible, car ilz avoient pris 3 le prevost de Paris et fait plusieurs autres entreprises ; et que je feisse tel devoir que de brief il peust savoir nouvelles de ma dilligence. Et lors envoya devers lui unes lettres de creaunce, par ung mien serviteur, nomme Pierre Tuvache, et luy char- gay de lui dire que je mettroye a effect la dicte entre- prise o layde 4 Notre Seigneur. Maiz pour ce«que les choses a advenir sont incertaines, lui deis quil lui suppliast de ma part, que se je failloie par aucun moyen, que je fusse et demourasse tousjours en sa Item, and moreover he sent his herald named Mor- taing, to my abode at Longny, who brought me letters of credence, and who told me, from my said lord, that if I wished to do an especial service to you and to him, I should operate upon the French, far off or near at hand, just as the opportunity might occur, for they had taken the provost of Paris and done many other acts of violence ; and that I ought to be so active that ere long he should hear tidings about my diligence. And then I sent to him a letter o'f credence, by a servant of my own, named Pierre Tuvache, whom I charged to tell him that I would put the said enterprise into execution, with the aid of Our Lord. But since the future is uncertain, I told him that he should entreat him [the duke] upon my part, that if by any means I failed, that I should always be and continue in his good grace. The which letters my said Longny ] Loigny. B. Entreprisse ] Entreprinsse. B. 3 Pris ] Prins. B. 4 O larjde'] Au plaisir. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 287 bonne grace. Les quelles lettres mon clit serviteur presenta a mon dit seigneur, et aprez quil eust declare sa dicte creance, lui fist responce quil estoit content, et que pour chose qui 1 adveinst, je demourroie tous jours en sa dicte bonne grace, et que je besongnasse le plus tost quil me seroit possible, et navoit doubte que de la faulte. Et pour ce que javoie commande a mon dit servi- and makes teur quil me fist faire unes longues tenailles a Bouen, the ncces “ .... sary pre- et autres clioses qui me3toient necessaires pour rompre parations les fermetures des portes de la dicte place de Fougeres, ? ccord : . r G mgiy, in et (pie cellui a qui il les requeroit ne les lui voulloit which he is faire ne delivrer sans conge de justice, et disoit que th^duke of telz liabillemens estoient deffendus a ouvriers, mon dit Somerset, seigneur mena le dit ouvrier devers mon dit seigneur de Somerset, 2 et lui dit le reffus que le dit ouvrier lui faisoit de faire et bailler les dits besongnes ; servant presented to my said lord, and after that he had delivered his said credence, he made answer to him that he was satisfied, and that whatever might be the issue which should occur, I should always remain in liis said good opinion, and that I ought to take the matter in hand as speedily as I possibly could, and that he had no ap- prehension but of a failure. And because I had directed my said servant to cause to be made for me at Bouen a pair of long j)incers, and other things which were necessary for me for breaking the fastenings of the gates of the said place of Fougeres, and the person of whom he ordered them would neither make them for him nor furnish them without the permission of the autho- rities, and said that [to make] such articles was forbidden to the workmen, my said lord took the said workman to my said lord of Somerset, and told him how the said workman had refused to make and supply the said articles ; 1 Quili Quil. B. 2 Somerset ] Sommercet. B. 288 LETTERS AND PAPERS : lequel lui commanda quil les lui fist et delivrast, et feist entierement tout ce que mon dit serviteur lui commanderoit, ainsi quil me rapporta ; et afferma que la dicte responce lui avoit este faicte par mon dit seigneur de Somerset. F. Laragonoys. who sends Item, aprez la prinse de la dicte place, mon dit th^fortress se ^ neur de Somerset envoya devers moy son dit when taken lierault Mortaing, et mapporta lettres depar lui, con- hy Sun- tenants entre autres choses comme ie tenisse mes enne. J gens en ordonnance, et que feisse ainsi qwe son beau frere de Shrosbery 1 me chargeroit, et quil estoit plus joyeux de la dicte prise que qui lui eust donne cent mil escus dor. Et lors je requis des arcs , 2 des trousses and lie ordered him to make and deliver them, and that lie should fully execute whatever my said servant should command him, as he reported to me ; and he assured me that the said answer had been given him by my said lord of Somerset. F. Laragonoys. Item, after the taking of the said place, my said lord of Somerset sent to me his said herald Mortaing, who brought me letters from him, which, among other things, contained that I should keep my troops in a state of preparation, and do as 1 should be directed by his brother-in-law of Shrosbury, and that he was more joyful about the said capture than if one had given him a hundred thousand crowns of gold. And then I requested to have some bows, some sheaves of 1 Shrosbery\ Chrosbery. B. 2 Et lors . . . des arcs] Et lors rescrivy a mon dit seigneur de Chros- lery, entre autres choses, que je eusse des arcs, etc. B. 3 And then I wrote to my said lord of Chrosbery, among other things, that I wanted some bows, etc. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 289 dc flesches, des poudres a canon et cuelevereins, et des cstoffes pour en fairc. Lcsquelles me furent incontinent envoy eez, et conduites jusquez en la dicte place de Fougeres . 1 F. Laragonoys. Item, pou aprez, envoyay mon pursuivant Bon The act Desir en Angleterre, et rescrisy a mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, lui faisant savoir la maniere de la dicte dukes of prise, et les termes que javoie tenuz, et comme jestoie Suffolk requis dappointer de la dicte place avecques le due de Bretaigne, a quoy je navoie voullu obtemperer pour offre quelconque, sans vostre plaisir et seen ; maiz tout ainsi quil vous plairoit me commander, ou mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, jestoie prest de obayr, et que dc arrows, some gunpowder, and culvcrins, and some materials whereof to make it. And these were immediately sent to me, and conveyed to the said fortress of Fougeres . 2 F. Laragonoys. Item, shortly after this, I sent my poursuivant Bon Desir into England, and I wrote to my said lord of Suffolk, in- forming him as to the mode of the said capture, and the terms which I had taken, and how I had been required to come to terms respecting the surrender of the said place with the duke of Bretaigne, whom I had no wish to obey for any offer whatsoever, without your pleasure and knowledge ; but that I was ready to obey you or my said lord of Suffolk, and to do exactly as you might please to command me, and that he would be pleased to inform you hereof. To Fougeres'] B. here adds : Les quelles pouldres et estoffes furent prinses a Rouen en lostel de Cardinet Roque, et les dits arcs et trousses furent prinses es villes du dit Rouen et Caan. VOL. I. 2 Which powder and stores were procured at Rouen, in the house of Cardinal Roque, and the said bows and sheaves were obtained in the said towns of Rouen and Caan. T 290 LETTERS AND PAPERS : and Somer- set. ce lui pleust vous advertir. A quoy vous pleust, de votre benigne grace, me rescrivre, avecquez autres choses, que entendisse en toute songneuse dilligence ou fait de la garde de la dicte place, et tenisse mes gens en bon regie ponr la seurte et deffense dicelle. Et semblablement mon dit seigneur de Suffolk me rescrisy en pareille substance, et que de brief jauroie bonnes nouvelles. F. Laragonoys. Item, mon dit seigneur de Somerset me rescrisy unes lettres, signees de sa main, et scelleez de son signet, contenants comme il me commandoit, depar vous et lui, que je gardasse la dite place bien et song- neusement sur tout que jen voulloie respondre ; et que ne feisse doubte que se siege me venoit, je aroie 1 le plus honnorable secours que pieca eust place ou roy- wliich you were pleased, of your benign grace, to write back, among other things, that I should give all diligent heed to the keeping of the said place, and hold my troops in good order for the safety and defence of the same. And in like manner my said lord of Suffolk wrote back to me to the same effect, and that ere long I should have good news. F. Laragonoys. Item, my said lord of Somerset wrote me a letter, signed by his own hand and sealed with his own signet, which contained a command from you and him that I should keep the said place well and carefully, as I would make answer for the same ; and that I need have no fear since, if I should be besieged, I should have the most honorable succour that for a long time had been sent to any place within the realm of France, and that already a notable company Aroie ] Auroye. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 291 aume de France, et que desia estoit passe notable compaignie, et de jour en jour attendoit le de- mourant. F. Laragonoys. Item, pour ce que les gens darmes qui estoient Reinforce- avecquez moy estoient soubz plusieurs cappitaines dej^^j^ Normendie, qui cliacun jour les requeroient daler devers England, eulx en leurs places, par ung commun acort me distrent quilz ne demourroient en la dicte place que jusques a la Saint Michiel derrainement passee. Et moy doubtant demourer desporveu de gens et la place en danger, envoyay Guillim de Lille 1 in Angleterre devers mon dit seigneur de Suffolk pour vous advertir de ce que dit est, et quil vous pleust de pourveoir a la garde de la dicte place, et de menvoyer certain nombre de gens pour la seurte et entretenement dicelle, ou me had crossed over, and that from day to day he expected the remainder. F. Laragonoys. Item, since the men-at-arms who were with me were under many of the captains of Normandy, who requested them, from day to day, to return to them to their own fortresses, with one accord they told me that they would not continue in the said place longer than the Michaelmas last past. And as I was afraid to remain, being deprived of soldiers and the place being in danger, I sent Guillim de Lille into England to my said lord of Suffolk to inform you of what is here stated, and that it would please you to provide for the keeping of the said place, and to send me a certain number of troops for the safety and preservation of the same, or to tell me what it was your T 2 1 Lille] Lisle. B. 292 LETTERS AND PAPERS : commander ce quil vous plairoifc que jen feisse, lui baillay cerfcaines articles et memoires signez de ma main, faisants mencion de ce que dit est, affin que se inconvenient en survenoit, que ce ne fust a ma charge, et de mon petit entendement remonstroie les termes en quoy les besoignes estoient, au mieulx que je povoie, pour le bien de votre seigneurie. Lequel Guillim fist telle dilligence que vous en eustes la congnoissance, comme il me dit, et me rapporta lettres de creance depar mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, et exposa sa dicte creance, disant que vous aviez fait appointer messire Robert Yer, chivalier, a tout certain nombre de gens, pour venir au dit Fougeres, et aprez devoit passer certaine 1 grosse armee, et que je ne me soussiasse que de faire bonne chere, car jauroie des gens a tel nombre que bon me sembleroit pour bien pleasure that I should do herein ; and I gave him certain articles and memoranda signed with my hand, making mention of what is stated, with the view that if any disaster should hereupon arise, it should not be laid to my charge, and to the best of my poor judgment I stated the condition in which things were, for the advantage of your lordship. This Guillim employed such diligence that, as he informs me, you were made acquainted herewith ; and he brought me back letters of credence from my said lord of Suffolk, and he produced his said credentials, telling me that you had appointed my lord Robert Yer, knight, with a certain number of soldiers, to proceed to the said Fougeres, and that a certain great army would afterwards cross over, and that I should be under no anxiety, but should be in good spirits, for I should have as many troops as I should think fitting for its safe 1 Passer ccrtaine~\ Passer pardcca certaine. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 293 besongner, et que souvent 1 lui feisse savoir de mes which, nouvelles. Et aprez le dit messire Robert Yer vint pardeca, aussi que le dit Guillim mavoit dit, et en* arrive, voiay devers lui par plusieurs foiz de mez gens pour le liaster de venir au dit F ougeres ; maiz il ne passa oncquez la ville de Caen , 2 me faisant responce que le bailli et ceulx de la dicte ville lavoient requiz de demourer illec. F. Laragonoys. Item, et pour faulte 3 de la venue du dit messire in conse- Robert Yer, je dem ouray desporveu de gens ; et ce ^ciT venu a la congnoissance du dit due de Bretaigne, me garrison is fist assiegir par son frere en la dite place, et depuis toTurren- y veint en personne ; a la garde de laquelle con- der. custody, and that I should frequently let him know my news. And afterwards the said lord Robert Yer came across, as the said Guillim had told me, and I sent some of my people to him several times to hasten his arrival at the said Fougeres ; but he never proceeded further than the town of Caen, making answer that the bailly and the inhabitants of the said town had requested him to continue there. F. Laragonoys. Item, and in consequence of the non-arrival of the said lord Robert Yer, I continued to be unprovided with troops ; and when this come to the knowledge of the said duke of Bretaigne, he caused me to be besieged within the said place by his brother, and afterwards he came there in person ; for the holding of which full a 1 Que souvent ] Que combien I 2 Caen ] Caan. ,B souvent. B. I 3 Pour faulte ] Pour la faulte. B. 294 LETTERS AND PAPERS : venoit bien mil combatans, et je nen avoie que environ quatre cens, que ungz que autres. Et ce non obstant, ay garde la dicte place environ cinq sepmaines, en telle peine et travail qui ceulx qui estoient dedens sceivent 1 bien, surattendant votre secours, ainsi que mon dit seigneur de Somerset mavoit adcertene par ses dictes lettres. Et pour la forte baterie des bombardes et autre artillerie, le petit nombre de gens que j avoie, (ce que durant le dit siege sestoient alez a plusieurs foiz rendre avecquez les diz Bretons de xxiiij. a xxv. des compaignons dicelle place, par lesquelz ilz sceurent partie de notre covine, et aussi que la greigneur partie des diets compaignons, considerans les cboses devant dictes, chacun jour me pressoient dappointer, disans que se nappointoie que je seroie cause de les faire mourir mauvaisement, et ne thousand fighting men are necessary, and I had only about four hundred, one with another. And this notwithstanding, I held the said place about five weeks with such diffi- culty and labour as those who were within it knew well, expecting your assistance, as my said lord of Somerset had informed me by his said letters. And in consequence of the powerful fire of the cannon and other artillery, and the small number of soldiers which I had, (twenty-four or twenty-five of those who were of the company of the said place, having gone during the said siege several times to meet the said Bretons, through whom they had cogni- sance of our arrangements, and because the greater part of the said companions, considering the matters aforesaid, also pressed me daily to come to terms, telling me that unless I surrendered I should be the cause of their coming to an evil end, and that they would neither defend thern- Sceivent] Sceuent. B. HENRY THE SIXTH. 295 se vouloient plus deffendre lie fortiflier, et avoient habandonne leurs gardes) me convint faire appointe- ment et baillir la dicte place. F. Laragonoys. Item, puis que ainsi est, et que je congnois clere- Surienne ment avoir tout 1 perdu mes peines, et ce 2 que javoie t^Henry en ce royaumc, et aussi use mon temps, je me suis the order dispose de me retraire et vivre du mien aussi que Dieu me donora 8 la grace. Et pour ce, tres hault, tres excellent, et tres puissant prince, pour considera- cion des choses dessus dictes, je vous remercie tout et si tres humblement que faire le puis, du grant honneur quil vous a pleu me faire de mavoir donne vostre ordre du Jartier, le quel je vous renvoye par Longue- selves nor hold out any longer, aud that they had aban- doned their posts) it became necessary for me to come to terms and to surrender the said place. F. Laragonoys. Item, and since it is so, and that I clearly perceived that I had entirely ■wasted my trouble, and lost what I had in this realm, and also misspent my time, I have determined to withdraw myself and live upon my own, as God will give me grace. And on this account, most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, considering the things above-said, I thank you as amply or as humbly as ever I can, for the great honour which you have been pleased to do me, in having granted me your Order of the Garter, which I send back to you by Longueville, the 1 Tout ] Om, B. 2 Et ce~] Et tout ce. B. Donora ] donrra, B. 296 LETTERS AND PAPERS : and complains of the treatment which he has re- ceived. Recapitu- lation of ville le herault , 1 porteur de cestes ; et me rapporte a Dieu, que jusques a ceste heure je vous cuide avoir servy de mon povoir aussi loyalment que chevalier de mon estat pourroit servir son naturel et souverain seigneur, et plus tendre al augmentacion de votre dite seigneurie que a mon prouffit particulier. Et bien y appert, car se je usse voullu user convoiteusement ou vicieusement, je neusse voullu perdre le temps passe, ce que je perdu pour vous loyalment servir ; et si eusse eu du dit due de Bretaigne cinquante mil escus dor, rendus quelque part que je les eusse voullu avoir, et plusieurs autres grans offres quil me faisoit faire pour remettre la dicte place en sa main, laquelle chose je neusse voullu faire pour tout le tresor du monde. Et pour venir a la verite des choses avant dictes herald, the bearer of these present letters ; and I appeal to God that until the present hour I believe that I have served you to the best of my power as loyally as any knight of my condition could serve his natural and sovereign lord, and 1 have been more tender over the augmentation of your said lordship than my own individual advantage. And this is very obvious, for if I had chosen to employ it covetously or wickedly, I need not have lost the time which is passed, as I have lost it, in order to serve you loyally ; and I might have had from the said duke of Bretaigne fifty thousand crowns of gold, paid down at any spot where I was pleased to have received them, and many other large offers which he caused to be made to me, to induce me to give up the said fortress into his hands, a thing which I could not have done for all the treasures in the world. And to come to the truth of the things above-said, and 1 Lonyuevillc le herault ] These words are om. in B., a blank space being left in the line. IIENRY THE SIXTH. 207 et dea charges que vous, votre dit bel oncle, on autres his state - dc voz subgez, ou des siens, me vouldroient donner, raent> affin que ce soit chose certainement congneue pour vous et tous autres princes ou seigneurs, je vous jure sur Dieu et sur le dampnement de mon arne, que la dicte prise de Fougeres a este conduite et faicte par les moyens dessus dits. Et se aucun, ou aucuns, de mon estat voulloient dire que 1 ne soit Jiussi que dit est, et que jaie pris la dicte place 2 de Fougeres sans le sceu et consentement de mon dit seigneur de Suffolk, et de mon dit seigneur de Somerset, votre lieutenant pardeca la mer, je offre den respondre de ma personne devant juge convenable, ausi quil appar- tendra. Et en tesmoing de ce jay signe ces presentes articles Date, dc ma main, et scelleez du seel de raes arincs, le of the charges which you, your said uncle-in-law, and others of your subjects, or his, would lay upon me, in order that this may become a matter known for a certainty by you and all other princes and lords, I swear to you by God, and upon the condemnation of my own soul, that the my own capture of Fougeres was planned and executed by the means above-said. And if any person, or persons, of my own rank will affirm that it is not as I have stated, and that I have taken the said fortress of Fougeres without the knowledge and consent of my said lord of Suffolk and my said lord of Somerset, your lieutenant on this side of the sea, I offer to make answer thereto with my body before a proper judge, as shall be fitting. And in witness of this, I have signed these present articles with my hand, and sealed them with my seal of 1 Que] Quil. B. | 2 Place] Ville. B. 208 LETTERS AND PAPERS : -quinziesme 1 jour de Mars , 2 lan de grace mil, quatre cens, quarante neuf. F. Laragonoys. (Dor so.) Process de messire F. Larragonnois toucliant Fougieres . 3 arms, the fifteenth clay of March, in the year of grace One thousand, four hundred, forty-nine. F. Laragonoys. ( Dor so .) The process of messire F. Larragonnois touching Fougieres. 1 Quinziesme] In A. this date is filled up in a blank left in the in- strument. A blank space, not filled up, occurs in B. 2 Mars ] Also in a blank space in A. and omitted in B. * Two copies of this instrument occur in the Baluze MS. The for- mer, whence the text is taken, is written upon two leaves of vellum, folios 111 and 112, the two outer leaves numbered 110 and 113 being blank, and forming the cover. The whole has been folded up and pierced through, apparently for the insertion of a string to obtain security during transmission. There is no trace of a seal, which, however, was proba- bly pendant. The second copy, here marked B. occurs in the same volume, f. 115- 119. It is written upon paper, the watermark of which is a pair of open shears. The variations which it furnishes are important. It has the following endorsement ; “ La deposition de messire Francois Larragonnois.” HENRY THE SIXTH. 299 Letter of James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, congratu- lating him upon his successes against the English . 1 Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Fran- A.D. 1450. corum Christianissimo regi, fratri ac confoederato A l>ul ~ 3 ' nostro amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Sco- torum, successus ad vota felices, cordis ex intimis amorem sincerrimum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps, frater ac confoederate James is amantissime, vestrae invictissimae celsitudinis literas ^ear ofrtu 1 per ejusdem celsitudinis ambaxatorem, conciliarium et success of cambellanum Willelmum Monypeny de Conquhirsalt, against the militem, ac spectabilem scutiferum David Lindesai, et English. Rogerum Regem Armorum Normanniee, nuncios, nobis prmsentatas, laete recepimus ; per quas vestrae clarissimae celsitudinis prosperitatem votivain, ac progressus et eventus felices, annuente Altissimo, in recuperatione dominiorum, villarum et aliorum fortaliciorum vestrae ditioni spectantium, de manibus vestrorum ac nostro- rum hostium antiquorum Angliae, ad plenum intellexi- raus. De qua felicissima victoria ingentissima consola- tione laetamur, et gratias devotas Altissimo indefesse fundimus toto corde ; eandem invictissimam celsitudi- nem certiorantes quod tempore confectionis praesen- tiarum nos ac consors nostra regina, Divina favente dementia, sospitate votiva fuimus indubie potiti. Prreterea, excellentissime princeps, credentiam ambax- iatoris et nunciorum antedictorum ex parte ejusdem clarissimae celsitudinis nobis expositam, et materias sub eadem comprehensas, claro intellectu concepimus. Tempore vero praesentationis nobilissimarum literarum A parlia- ejusdem celsitudinis, nostrum concilium generale in be villa de Perthe quarto mensis Maii proximo futuri in- held at Perth. 1 From the original letter in the Baluze, MS. 9987-3, No. 23, Date. 300 LETTERS AND PAPERS : cohandum , 1 propter di versa ardua rempublicam regni concernentia inibi tractanda, fuerat ordinatum, et tres status regni ad illud fecimus evocari. In quo generali concilio easdem materias juxta vestrse inclitissimee cel- situdinis gratam complacentiam tractare intendimus, ac nostram et trium statuum regni nostri super dictis materiis deliberationem maturare cum proefato ejus- dem celsitudinis ambaxatore Willelmo Monypeny, nos- tro etiam conciliario tenerrime dilecto, esedem invictis- simae celsitudini significare curabimus indilate. Offeri- mus etiam nos semper paratissimos ad quseque grata Isetissime perimplenda, contemplatione vestrse gloriosis- simse celsitudinis antedictse. Super nostro nostrseque consortis reginse ac regni nostri statu, Rex Armorum, nobis sincere dilectus, vestram clarissimam celsitudinem latius informabit ; qui se in sibi commissis in hoc regno laudabiliter gessit, quern nostri contemplatione, suis prseclaris exi- gentibus mentis, specialius recommissum suscipere de confidents specialissima velit eadem invictissima celsi- tudo fraternitasque amantissiraa memorata ; quam in prosperitate felici ad vestri inclitissimi et reipublicse utillima regimina conservet Altissimus. Scriptum Edinburgh, xxiij . 2 die mensis Aprilis. James R, (Dor so.) Excelientissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum regi Christian issimo, fratri ac con- foederato amantissimo . 2 1 Incohandum ] Inchoandum. MS. I 3 The seal is entirely gone. 2 The numerals are written on a There is no watermark in the blank left by the scribe. I paper. The signature is autograph. HENRY THE SIXTH. 301 1450. Letter from James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, congratu- lating him upon his successes against the English, and urging him to continue the war . 1 Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Franco- A.F. 1450. rum Christianissimo regi, fratri ac confoederato nostro 1 July ‘ amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scott or um, successus felicissimos, cordis ex intimis amorem sin- cerrimum, et salutem. Excellentissime ac invictissime princeps, frater ac James con- confoederate amantissime, dum de vestrse gloriosissimse c^aries teS celsitudinis incolumitate votiva informamur, ingenti u P on his gaudio consolamur ; exorantes attente quatenus in af?a i nst ^ animi nostri consolationem quam maximam aut inter- English, missis literis, vel nunciorum relatibus continuis, de vestrte invictissimse celsitudinis statu felici nos cer- tiorare velitis ; scientes quod tempore confectionis prtesentium corporali sanitate, disponente Altissimo, fuimus indubie potiti. Prseterea, excellentissime princeps, vestrse invictis- and sends simse celsitudinis nobilissimas litteras, per ejusdem toencou-^ celsitudinis conciliarium , 2 cambellanum, et ambaxiato- ra S e him to rem, Willelmum Monypeny de Conquhirsalt, militem, th^war^ et spectabilem scutiferum David Lindesai, et Kogerum regem armorum Normannise, nobis prsesentatas, et ex- posita per eosdem, ad plenum intelleximus. Ex qui- bus clare perpendimus infractionem treugarum inter 1 From the original letter contained in the MS. Baluze, 9987-3, No. 16. Conciliarium ] Consiliarum. MS. 302 LETTERS AND PAPERS : eandem celsitudinem et regem Angliae initarum per Anglicos, vestros atque nostros antiquissimos hostes, con- tra eandem celsitudinem fuisse inceptam multis actibus ipsorum subtilitate et culpa continuatam, ipsorumque injuriosam nequitiam per aliqua temporum curricula sub spe reformationis multis vicibus interpellatae dissimu- lates, et ulterius non tolerare 1 valentes, gratia suf- fragante Divine,, ducatum Normanniae ac dominia quamplurima, castra, civitates, villas, et comitatus vestrae ditioni brevi temp oris tractu, liostibus expulsis, felici progressu subjicere curastis. De qua re summe laetamur, et non minus quam de propria felicitate existimus consolati. He pro- mises that the treaties then exist- ingbetween France and Scotland shall be kept. Insuper, invictissime princeps, ubi in vestrae celsitu- dinis litteris continetur quod Anglicos, hostes nostros communes, in quodcumque treugarum aut conventionis foedus colligere, vobis et nobis, regnis ac regnicolis nostris, utile aut securum minime fore censendum est, et ad haec praecavenda praeteritorum actuum longa ex- perientia non minus nos et nostros quam vos et ves- tros debet reddere cautiores, sed nec ilia, mutuis nostris foederibus attentis, quoquomodo per nos fieri vobis inconsultis, indubie confiditis ; — ad haec respon- demus, quod nec praeteritis gesta credimus per nos, aut futuris temporibus facere intendimus, quae viola- tionem seu laesionem confoederationis nostrae tangere poterint quoquomodo. Et hoc idem per vestram clarissimam celsitudinem inviolabili constantia servari speramus. De abstinentiis guerrarum inter nos et regem Angliae, ad praemunitionem quinque mensium dumtaxat, nuper initarum, praefatus ambaxiator, conciliarius, et eambel- lanus vestrae celsitudinis Willelmus Monypeny de 1 Tolerare] Tollerare. MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 303 Conquhirsalt, miles, noster etiam conciliarius sincere dilectus, ac David Lindesai, armiger, poterunt infor- mare eandem dilectissimam celsitudinem fraternitatem- que amantissimam, quam in prosperitate votiva ad vestri inclitissimi regni felicissima regimina conservet Altissimus. Scriptum apud Linlithcu, primo die mensis Julii. Date. James R. (. Dovso .) Excellent issimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum Cbristianissimo regi, ac confoederato nostro amantissimo. (In another hand.) Pro W. Monypenny prima littera. 1450 . Letter of Mary of Guelders, queen of James the Second of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh of France, informing him that she is in good health . 1 2 Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia invic- a.d. uso. tissimo Francorum regi, Maria, regina Scotise, succes- 1 Jul ^* sus felicissimos, cordis ex intimis amorem sincerrimum in omni promptitudine complacendi. 1 The seal is totally lost. No watermark is visible on the paper. 2 From the original letter con- tained in the Baluze MS., 9987-3. 304 LETTERS AND PAPERS : The writer states that she is in good health. Date. Gloriosissime princeps, dum de vestrse invictissimse celsitudinis incolumitate votiva informamur, ingenti lsetitia consolamnr ; exorantes attente quatenus in animi nostri consolationem qnam maximam aut intermissis litteris, yel nunciorum relatibus continuis, de ejnsdem invictissimse celsitudinis statu felici nos certiorari velitis ; scientes quod tempore confectionis prsesentium corporali sanitate fuimus indubie potiti. Offerimus nos semper paratissimam ad quseque grata lsetissimis affec- tibus amplexanda, contemplatione vestrce clarissimse celsitudinis amantissimse memoratse, quam in prosper ritate votiva ad vestrum Cliristianissimum regnum et reipublicse felicissima regimina conservet Trinitas Sancta. Scriptum apud Edinburgh, primo die mensis Julii. Marie, R . 1 (. Dorso .) Excellentissimo ac invictissimo principi, Karolo, Dei gratia Christianissimo Francorum regi . 2 * Marie i?.] This signature is in the queen’s autograph. 2 The watermark of the paper on which this letter is written is a cinque foil upon a stem. HENRY TnE SIXTH. 305 1450 . Letter of William Turnbull, bishop of Glasgow, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, expressing devotion to his service . 1 Tres hault, tres puissant, tres excellent prince, et a.d. 1450. mon tres redoubte seigneur, je me recommande tant 17 Ju b'- et tres liumblement que je puis a vostre bonne grace. Et vous plaise savoir que jay receu les lettres quil The writer vous a pleu me escripre par voustre conseillier et ce i vet i the cliambellain missire Guillem Monipeny ; lesquelles J^ s g a s n ^ t_ faisoient mention que je tenisse la main envers w ni f or - mon souverain seignieur au bien des matieres pour- ^^ e g is quoy lavez envoye pardeca. Croiez, sire, que je lay fait ainsi, que le dit chevalier vous saura plus applain infourmer, et toute ma vie le feray, tant que pourrez [Translation.] Most high, most powerful, and most excellent prince, and my most redoubted lord, I recommend myself to your good grace in such and as humble wise as I can. And may it please you to know that I have received the letters which you have been pleased to write to me by your counsellor and chamberlain, missire Guillem Monipeny ; which make mention that I should render assistance towards my sovereign lord for the good of the matters for which you have sent hither. Believe, sire, that I have done so, as the said knight can inform you more fully, and I will do so all my life long, that you 1 From the MS. Baluze, 9987-3, No. 24. VOL. I. U 306 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. apparcever que je vous suys, et seray, vostre tres loyal et tres obeissant serviteur. Tres hault, tres puissant et tres excellent prince, et mon tres redoubte seigneur, je prie a nostre Seigneur quil vous doieut tres bonne vie et longue, et acomplis- sement de tous voz haulx et nobles desirs. Escript a Edinburgh, le xvij me jour de Juillet. Yostre tres humble et tres obeissant serviteur, Guillem Turnbull, Evesque de Glascou. (. Dorso .) A tres hault, tres puissant, tres excellent prince, et mon tres redoubte seigneur, le roy de France . 1 may perceive that I am, and will be, your most loyal and most obedient servant. Most high, most excellent, and most powerful prince, and my most dread lord, I pray our Lord that He would give you a very prosperous and long life, and the accom- plishment of all your high and noble desires. Written at Edinburgh, the xvij. day of July. Your most humble and most obedient servant, Guillem Turnbull, Bishop of Glascou. (Dorso.) To the most high, most powerful, most ex- cellent prince, and my most redoubted lord, the king of France. 1 Written upon thick glazed I pair of open shears. The letter is paper ; the papermark being a | holograph. HENRY THE SJXTH. 307 1450. Letter of Charles the Seventh to the Chapter of Chartres, respecting the foundation of a service commemorative of the expulsion of the English from Normandy . 1 Notre ame et feal et tres chers et bien aymes, vous A.D, 1450 . scavez la grace quil a plu a Dieu nous faire touchant 3 1 Aug > la recouvrance et totale reduction de nostre pays et The king duche de Normandie ; laquelle chose a este parfaite establish 116 et accomplie le xij. jour de ce present mois Daoust, ment of a que la place de Cherbourg, qui a este la derniere Chartres* detenue et occupee par nos ennemis en nostre dite commemo- pays de Normandie, a este reduite et remise en theTxpui- nostre dit obeissance. Esquels recouvrement et reduc- sion ? f the tion, a bien tout considerer, tant de la brievete du^om^or- temps que en ce a este employe, comme de la raand y« [Translation.] Our beloved and faithful, and our very dear and well- beloved, you know the favor which it has pleased God to grant us touching the recovery and total reduction of our country and duchy of Normandie ; a thing which has been perfected and accomplished on the xij. day of this present month of August, when the fortress of Cherbourg, which was the last of those detained and occupied by our enemies in our said country of Normandie, has been reduced and brought back to our said authority. Which recovery and reduction, when due consideration is given, as well to the shortness of the time which has been employed therein, 1 From the Supplement Fran?., 2875-7 (unpaged). U 2 308 LETTERS AND PAPERS : maniere de faire, et en quoy raisonnablement on ne peut noter aucnne cruaute ne inhumanite, ne ne sont entre venus les detestables manx qui sonvente fois aviennent au fait de la guerre, est plus a croire que cest oeuvre divine et miraculeuse quautrement. Pour laquelle cause, eu sur ce lavis et lopinion des gens de notre conseil, nous a semble que ce seroit chose bien convenable et raisonnable, que pour rendre de ces choses graces a notre Createur, auquel principale- ment en doibt estre attribue lhonneur et gloire, proces- sions generales et messes solemnelles fusent faites par toutes les eglises notables de nostre royaume au xiv. du mois Doctobre prochainement venant ; et en outre, a fin de perpetuer louange envers nostre Createur, et en reconnoissant a toujours la grace quil nous a faites, que, semblablement, pour le temps avenir, a tel jour comme la ditte recouvrance fut accomplie, cest a sea voir, le xij. jour Daoust, pareilles processions as also to the maimer in which it has been effected, in which no one can reasonably blame any cruelty or inhumanity, nor have those detestable evils which frequently occur in time of war been perpetrated, make it the rather to be regarded as a divine and miraculous work than aught else. For which cause, the advice and opinion of the members of our council being had hereupon, it seems to us to be ex- ceedingly fitting and reasonable that, in order to render for these things thanks to our Creator, to Whom principally the honor and glory of the same ought to be attributed, general processions and solemn masses should be performed in all the principal churches of our realm upon the xiv. of the month of October next coming : and moreover, in order to perpetuate the praise of our Creator, and to acknowledge for ever the favour which He has done us, in like manner, for the time to come, upon such day as the said recovery was completed, that is to say, upon the xij. day of August, henky the sixth. 309 efc messes avec les solemnites qui y appartiennent, fussent faites par toutes les eglises metropolis et onthedrales de nostre dit royaume. . . c . prions, de notre part, le vouliez ; amsi fame, et ciuen tant que touche le solemmte du dit xij. joui DaouS vous le fassiez enregistrer authentrquement en vos papiers et registres, a fin que la chose ne soit point oublie au temps avenir. En fiusant es (pie s choses, esperons que Dieu les aura bien a gl eables , de nostre part vous en scaurons bon gre. Donne a Mailly, le dernier jour Daoust. Charles, Date. similar processions and masses, with the solemmhes thereto binging, should be performed in all the metropohtan and cathedral churches in our sa.d realm. ld Wherefore we pray you, upon our pait, th y do l and that as far as concerns the solemmty of the slid xij’ day of August you would cause it to be regis- tered Authentically if your papers and r^ ut ordm that the matter be not forgotten m time to come, doing which things we hope that God w 1 accept tins as well-pleasing, and upon our part we wdl be grateful to you for tlio same. Dated at Mailly, the last day of August Daniel. 310 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1450. 10 Nov. Alfonso thanks Charles for kindness already shown to F. de So- riano, and hopes it will he continued. 1450. Letter from Alfonso, king of Aragon, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, recommending F. de Soriano to his protection . 1 Alfonsus, Dei gratia rex Aragonum, Siciliae citra et ultra Farum, etc., serenissimo et potentissimo principi Carolo, regi Francorum, consanguineo nobis carissimo, salutem et prosperorum successuum incrementa. Serenissime rex, consanguinee noster carissime, ex quo nobilis et dilectus noster Franciscus de Soriano, miles, dictus Aragonnensis, apud has partes se con- tulit, retulitque nobis non mediocri propitiatione atque honore a vestra serenitate tractatum fuisse, ingentes ea de re et habemus et agimus gratias eidem vestrae celsitudini, ac eo et de omni in eum collato confe- rendoque beneficio atque honore per vestram ipsam serenitatem, obnoxios sibi nos agnoscet. Et quoniam in praesentiarum istuc revertitur, et accepimus eundem habuisse, habereque, et ex vestri liberalitate habiturum sperare, nonnullas terras et bona in vestris regnis et ditione, e quibus aliquot ei ablatae sunt his de proximo defluxis istic 2 guerrarum temporibus, et ob virtutem animique praestantiam ejus- dem cupiamus, et quidem non mediocriter, ei omnia integre restitui, oramus obsecramusque totis viribus vestram serenitatem, ut nostri contemplatione et gratia, statim eidem omnia restitui reintegrarique mandet, et re ipsa efficiat, quae non secus ac in personam cujusvis ex propinquioribus et carioribus servitoribus nostri s fieri existimabimus ; identidem libentissime facturi pro 1 From the original letter con- tained in the Baluze MS. 9037-7, foL 122, 2 Istic] Istich. MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 311 vestri serenitate et quovis ex vestris subditis suo casu. Si quse incle, serenissime rex, vestrse serenitati placent his in partibus, scribat cum fiducia speciali, nam eidem procul dubio morem geremus. Et valeat semper vestra celsitudo in omnibus ut exoptat. Data in Turri Octavii, die x a mensis Novembris, Date, anno millessimo, cccc. 1. Rex Alfonsus . 1 (. Dorso .) Serenissimo et potentissimo principi, Carolo, regi Francorum, consanguineo nobis carissimo. (In another hand.) Recepta Turonis, iij. die Februarii, anno Domini cccc. quinquagesimo ; pour Francoys Larragonnoys. 2 1451 . Muster of men-at-arms and archers under the charge of Jehan d'Estouteville, seigneur de Torcy, in Normandy. 3 Monstre de six liommes darmes, de quinze archers A.D. 1451. de la grant ordonnance, soubs la charge et retenue 26 Muster of [Translation.] Muster of six men-at-arms, of fifteen archers of the great ordinance, under the charge and retinue of mon- 1 This signature is in the king’s autograph. 2 This document is written upon rellum : the seal is totally gone. 3 From the original muster, con- tained in the MS. Gaignieres, 872-1, No. 34 (67). 3L2 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Men- at- arms and Archers de monsieur de Torcy pour le quartier Davril, May, et Juin, dernierement passee, dont les noms et sure- noms sensuivent. Et premierement, Hommes darmes. Messire Jelian Destouteville, chevalier, seigneur de Torcy, Jehan de Pierrecourt, Jehan Becquet, Hutin de Quebienfay, GiefFroy du Puchot, J. Criquet. Summa, vj. hommes darmes. Archers. Le Barbret Gaimain, Jehan le Fauconnier, sieur de Torcy, for the quarter, comprising April, May, and June, last past, of whom the names and surnames follow. And first, Men-at-Arms. Messire Jelian Destouteville, knight, seigneur de Torcy, Jehan de Pierrecourt, Jehan Becquet, Hutin de Quebienfay, GiefFroy du Puchot, J. Criquet. The sum, vj. men-at-arms. Archers, Le Barbret Gaimain, Jehan le Fauconnier, HENRY THE SIXTH. 313 Jell an le Queux, J. Thomas, Le grant Pierre, Jelian de Caux, Colinet de la Mare, Colin Hout, Thomas de Gouldan, Fremmot de Grantvilliers, Regnault le Charpentier, Robin Fleurence, T. Amadoc, J ehan Beauchamp, Jelian Lucas. Summa, xv. archiers. Je, Jamet de Tillay, conseillieur et chambellan du under the roy, bailly de Vermandoys et commis par le dit sieur ^ n 0 e ” a veoir, prendre, et recevoir les monstres et reveues Jelian le Queux, J. Thomas, Le grant Pierre, Jehan de Caux, Colinet de la Mare, Colin Hout, Thomas de Gouldan, Fremmot de Grantvilliers, Regnault le Charpentier, Robin Fleurence, T. Amadoc, Jehan Beauchamp, Jehan Lucas. The sum, xv. archers. I, Jamet de Tillay, counsellor and chamberlain of the king, bailif of Vermandoys, and commissioner upon the part of the said sieur, to inspect, take, and receive the LETTERS AND PAPERS : 314 employed des gens de guerre logez et ordonnez ou pays de tection P of" Normandie, pour la garde et seurte dicellui, certiffie Normandy, a tous quil appartient que six hommes darmes et quinze archiers de la grant ordonnance de la charge et retenue de messire Jehan Destouteville, chevalier, seigneur de Torcy et maistre des arbalaistriers de France dessus nomine, dont les no ms et seurnoms sont cy dessus declairez, ont este veuz et passez aux monstres par Jehan de la Yarende, escuier, lequel jay commis pour icelles monstres veoir et recevoir. Les quelx hommes darmes et archiers estoient, et sont, souffisamment montez et armez, et ont servy le quar- tier dan fini le dernier jour de Juing dernierement passee, ainsi que certiffie ma este par le dit de la Yarende, mon commis ; a la relacion du quel, et en tesmoing de ce, jay signe ce present roole de mong seing manuel et seelle du seel de mes armes, et semblablement lay fait signer par mon dit commis, musters and reviews of the soldiers lodged and appointed in the country of Normandie for the guard and safety of the same, certify to all those whom it concerns that six men-at-arms and fifteen archers of the great ordinance, of the charge and retinue of messire Jelian Destouteville, knight, seigneur de Torcy, and master of the crossbowmen of France above-named, of whom the names and surnames are here above declared, have been inspected and passed in muster by Jehan de Yarende, esquire, whom I have commissioned to view and receive these musters. The which men -at arms and archers wei*e, and are, sufficiently mounted and armed, and have served the quarter of a year finishing upon the last day of June last past, as has been certified to me by the said de la Yarende, my com- missioner, at the report of whom, and in witness hereof, I have signed this present roll with my sign manual, and sealed it with the seal of my arms, and in like manner I have caused it to be signed by my said commissioner, HENRY THE SIXTH. 315 le xxvj. jour de Juillet, lan mil, cccc. cinquante et Date ung. Jamet de Tillay . 1 Signe, Yarende . 2 the xxvj. day of July, the year One thousand, and one. cccc. fifty Jamet de Tillay, Signed, Yarende. 1452. Letter ol James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, an- nouncing the death of the earl of Douglas . 3 Excellent™ pfincipi Karolo, Dei gratia Fran-A.U u corum C hnstianissimo regi, ffatri ac confoederato nos- 1 2 Ap tro amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scotto- rum, successus felicissimos, amorem tenerrimum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps, frater ac confcederate aman-j ame5 i tissime, dum de vestee incolumitatis prosperitate vo- h 3 PPy‘ tiva informamur ingenti tetitia consolamur, exorantes cwS attente quatenus m ammi nostri consolationem quam we11 ’ maximam, mtermissis litteris aut nuntiorum relatibus 1 This signature is autograph. 2 In the scribe’s hand, and placed at the extreme bottom of the document, which is written upon vellum. A fragment of the seal remains. The date of the day and month are added, by a different hand, in blanks left for the purpose. 3 From the original letter in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 7. 316 LETTERS AND PAPERS : continuis, de vestrae Cliristianissimae majestatis statu felici, vestrique inclitissimi regni prosperis successibus, nos certiorare velitis. mentions Prseterea de occurrentibus novis in regno nostro, oftiieearl signanter de morte quondam Willelmi comitis of Douglas, de Douglas nuper defuncti, et aliis materiis armorum munitiones concernentibus, ad praemissorum lucidam declarationem vestrae Christianissimae majestati faci- endam, spectatabilem scutiferum nostrum familiarem Johannem Addale mittimus oneratum, quern recom- and refers missum habere ac favoribus gratiosis prosequi et am- “T plecti, nostri contemplatione, de benignitate solita velit the bearer, eadem excellentissima majestas fraternitasque aman- tissima memorata ; quam in prosperitate votiva ad vestri inclitissimi regni et reipublicse felicissima regi- mina conservet Altissimus. Date. Script um apud Edinburghe, xij. die Aprilis. James R 1 (Dorso.) Excellentissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum Christianissimo regi, fratri ac confoe- derato nostro amantissimo. (In another hand) Du roy Descosse touchant le 2 conte Douglas, re- ceues le xxvj e . jour de May, Mcccclij. a Montre- chait, et Badouille doit avoir fait la creance . 3 1 James R.~\ The signature is in the king’s autograph. 2 Roy . . . le] Written between the lines. 3 “ From the king of Scotland “ touching the earl of Douglas, “ received the xxvj. day of May, “ Mcccclij. at Montrechait, and “ Badouille ought to have made “ the credence.” The watermark is a pair of open shears. A small fragment of the seal remains. HENRY THE SIXTH. 317 1455. Letter from James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, respecting the kindness shown by the latter to the sisters of the former, Elizabeth duchess of Britany, and Annabella of Savoy. 1 Excellentissimo et Christianissimo principi, Karolo, A.D. 1 455. Dei gratia Francorum regi invictissimo, fratri et con- 20 Nov * fcederato amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scotorum, cordialem ac sincerrimam in Domino dilec- tionem. Excellentissime princeps, frater et confederate aman- -lames is . . happy to tissime, vestras gratiosas literas nobis nuper per hear of nostrum heraldum Bothissay, presentium latorem, Charles’s J . . . good presentatas, keto recepimus animo. Et quia, Chris- health, tianissime princeps, dum de vestre incolumitatis statu felici informamur, ingenti letitia consolamur, vestram preclarissimam majestatem humiliter deprecamur, quate- nus in animi nostri consolationem quam maximam, aut intermissis litteris, vel nunciorum relatibus, de vestre excellentissime celsitudinis statu felici nos certiorare velitis. Et si vestra serenitas ne nostro statu scire libeat, plena fruebamur, Divina favcnte dementia, dum presentes ordirentur apices, sospitate. De vestrse enim excellentissime majestatis gra- and thanks ciosissimis auxiliis, supportationibus, et favoribus in kindnesses materiis nostre germane Elizabeth, ducisse Britanie, shown to et signanter in materia nostre germane Annabelle hls slstcrs ‘ in Sabaudia, aliisque nos tenerrime concernentibus, nostris ambaxatoribus nostra ex parte gratiosissime adhibitis, vestre excellentissime regie majestati grates 1 From the original letter in the Baluze MS. 9937-3, No. 31. 318 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. referimus multiformas, eandem vestram celsitudinem attente deprecantes quatenus vestros gratiosissimos favores in prsemissis, et aliis nos eoncernentibus, con- tinuare, ac venerando in Christo patri Thomse, episcopo Candidoe Casse , 1 nostri privati sigilli custodi, nostro con- ciliario tenerrime confiso, et cseteris nostris ambaxatori- bus, yestrse excellentissimse majestati alias secum transmissis, in prsefatis materiis et aliis nos tenerrime concernentibus, juxta instructionum nostrarum vestrse celsifcudini per nos nuper cum latore transmissarum, continentiam, quarum copiam cum dicto venerando in Christo patre alias misimus, benignam audientiam, et eis ac eorum cuilibet nostra pro parte in dicendis fidepi creditivam adhibere, ipsosque nobis gratiose et favori- biliter expeditos de benignitate solita remittere, ac de novis hoc in regno nostro occurrentibus nostro heraldo Rothessay, prsesentium latori, credentiam adhibere dignetur vestra prseclarissima majestas memorata, quern conservet feliciter Altissimus in prosperis et votivis per tempora diuturna. Scriptum Perth, vicesimo die mensis Novembris. James R . 2 (. Dorso .) Excellentissimo et Christianissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum regi invictissimo, fratri et confoederato nostro amantissimo. (In another hand.) R\ au Boschet, le xiiij e . jour de Fevrier, mil cccc. lv. du roy Descoce . 3 1 Candida Casa ] Candidicasse. 8 The watermark is a crown ; MS. the seal is totally lost. 2 The signature is autograph. HENRY THE SIXTH. 319 1455. Instructions to the Scottish ambassadors in France, urging Charles the Seventh, to take advantage of the disturbed state of English affairs to co-operate with James in an united and simultaneous attack . 1 Instructions transmissjs ex parte illustrissimi principis Jacobi regis Scotorum, per suum HERALDUM ROTHESAY, SUIS AMBACIATORIBUS EX- ISTENTIBUS IN REGNO FRANCIiE, EXPONENDiE EXCELLENTISSIMO PRINCIPI CHRISTIANISSIMO FrAN- CORUM REGI, FRATRI ET CONFCEDERATO SUO CON- FIDENTISSIMO. In primis, post salutationes debitas et condignas, una a.d. U55. cum gratiarum actionibus amplissimis de gratis labori- Tan ^~‘ bus et diligentiis Christianissimi regis supradicti, tarn thanks in factis Britannia quam Sabaldiae, exhortando pro Charl< ^ for 1 7 # 1 goodonices, continuatione, etc., intimabunt praedicti ambaciatores and states Chris tianissimae majestati qualiter alias, inter caetera po S si ]^ sent suae celsitudini exponenda, eis injunctum fuerat ex*= with regard ponere qualiter praefatus rex Scottorum illustrissimus, English laborans circa expulsionem rebellium de regno proprio, longa experientia recognoscens antiquam et induratam malitiam Anglicorum, utrorumque regnorum hostium, probabili aestimatione dubitat praedictos Anglicos sua innata malitia antedictos rebelles in regno Angliae, nedum recipere et favere, verum etiam sua letali malitia Anglicana, ad extremam destructionem praedicti regni sui, totis viribus operam dare et exhibere, ad finem quod, ipso devicto et regno suo destructo, securius et absque metu intestinae perturbationis ad exteras partes transfretare poterant. Dicunt enim et contra praedictum regem fundant se ex nunc, quod propter defectionem succursus praeparati ac impediti per regem From the original in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, numbers 27 and 28. 320 LETTERS AND PAPERS: •whom lie cannot re- sist without foreign aid, which he hopes to re- ceive from France, and why. et subditos Scotiae, perdiderunt Normanniam et Ecqui- taniam ex tribus conflictibus liabitis inter Scotos et Anglicos tempore reductionis earnndem . ad manus Christianissimi regis antedicti ; et in illius casus eventum requirere debent ambaciatores supradicti Christianissimum regem Francorum, tanquam fratrem et confoederatum prae caeteris confidentissimum, de consilio, auxilio, et succursu secundum vim, formam, et effectum antiquarum confoederationum, prout decet in tantae necessitatis articulo, etc. Praeterea, intimare debent ambaciatores supradicti qualiter jam nuper hostes memorati Anglici, suam antiquam malitiam prose quentes, conati sunt prsedictum regem Scotiae et regnum suum tarn per terrain quam per mare crudeliter invadere, destruere, et devastare. Quod utique prospiciens illustrissimus Scotorum rex ante- dictus, cum Dei Omnipotentis adjutorio et directione ad defensionem regni sui contra insultum praedictorum inimicorum viriliter intendens, populum suum ad anna praeparavit, et ad tuitionem regni sui exercitum prae- paratum in magno numero hucusque tenet in campo, non sine gravi dispendio permaximisque sumptibus et expensis. Yerum tamen tarn importabile onus absque ami corum et confoederatorum praesidio, auxilio, et succursu diu continuare minus commode poterit ; at- tento quod tota militia Anglicana, quae solet esse in partibus Franciae, Normanniae, et Equitaniae longe lateque dispersa, modo contra praedictum regem et regnum suum totaliter unita est et hostiliter intenta, in tantum quod totum periculum et onus guerrae, quod solent portare onus sui confcederati et amici, ipse solus jam portat in humeris ; et cum ipsius adversitas caeteris suis confoederatis cederit in pacem et tranquillitatem, eo celerius ab eisdem venit auxili- andus et succurrendus. Horum consideratione deductus mandat praefatus rex Scotiae suis ambaciatoribus praemissa omnia et HENRY THE SIXTH. 321 singula intimare et insinuare Christ! anissimo Fran- corum regi, tanquam fratri et confoederato suo prm cseteris confidentissimo, eundemque benigne exhor- tando quatenus, paterna meditatione compensa, et consi- deret antiquas amici tias gratissirnasque benevolentias et mutua prgesidia in similibus regum et regnorum Fran- cim et Scotim necessitatibus mutuo, absque defectu seu dissimulation^ semper exhibita et impensa ; et prmdicto Seotorum regi illustrissimo regnoque suo in prsesen- tiarum de talibus prsesidio et succursu benigne ac celeriter providere, quod ad sum majestatis Christianis- simm laudem et honorem, ac regis et regni Scotise gra- tam ac perutilem defensionem, mutumque dilectionis et potissimum incrementum, perpetuo remanere valeat, his potissime considerationibus et motivis subsequent ibus. Propter nefandissimam 1 malitiam Anglicorum, qui sua florente prosperitate a persecutione regni Francim nun- quam cessare coeperunt ; et si jam, propter eorum debili- tatem aut intestinam divisionem, seu Seotorum perse- cutionem, ad modicum tempus abstinuerint, hoc magis ad eorum inopiam quam ad zelum pacis arbitrari di- noscitur. Disponunt enim 2 primo removere prohi- bentia et consequenter prosequi inteiiturn ; dubitant enim in eorum absentia, in casu transmissionis armato- rum suorum de regno Anglim, persecutionem Sco- torum, prout alias experti fuerunt, quam dubitationem aut per tractatum aut per conqumstum ex nunc remo- vere conantur. Et si hujusmodi conqumstum prosperum progressum haberet (quod Deus diu avertat), prmfatus rex Christianissimus et regnum exinde verisimiliter quamplurima damna 3 et dispendia paterentur. Secundo, quia jam nuper subditi excellentissimi principis regis Anglise, nepotis Christianissimi Fran- corum regis, ac etiam consanguinei regis Seotorum supradicti, ausu temerario et proditione prsefatum principem regem Anglise vi armata et manu forti 1 Nefandissimam ] Nepnandissi- mara. MS. YOL. I. 2 j E nim] Added above the line. 3 Damna'] Dampna. MS. X 322 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Proposes an united attack. vulneraverunt et in armis ceperunt, et tanquam cap- tivum detinent de prsesenti ; cujus occasione, tam propter sanguinis propinquitatem quam etiam in regalis diadematis subsidium, saltern contra subditos proprios, apparet et videtur ssepedicto Scotorum regi illustrissimo quod eadem majestas Christianissima ad prsedicti sui excellentissimi nepotis juvamen manus porrigeret adjutrices, et prsefatis subditis Anglise, eorum principem sic proditorie detinentibus, tam per terrain quam per mare, guerram movere debeat, usque ad plenam libertatem et restitutionem sui nepotis 1 regis supradicti, cum nullo justiori titulo guerram quis- que movere poterit, et ad eandem guerram eodem titulo inter alia se offert idem rex memoratus. Tertio, quia prsedicti Anglici, communes hostes utrorumque regnorum, injuriose et malitiose detinent de regnis Francise et Scotise oppida , 2 scilicet Calicse et Beruicse ; et si 3 placuerit Christianissimo regi obsidium ponere oppido 4 Calicise, prsed ictus rex Scotise similiter contentus est ponere obsidium oppido 4 Beruicse, donee Divino auxilio et eorum justa querela eis provideatur de remedio. Item, reducantur memorise Christianissimse majestatis ssepedictse instructiones eisdem per suos ambaciatores, videlicet Balivum Rotumagensem et dominum Guillel- mum Monypenny, dominum de Conquirsault, prsefato Scotorum regi ultimo destinatse, prsedictam materiam concernentes. In quibus idem rex Scotorum ad prse- missa, ut prsemittitur, exequenda, quam magnam sumpsit audaciam et voluntatem. Et super prsemissis accelerare responsum Christianissimse majestatis, quam primum possibile fuerit ambaciatoribus supradictis . 5 1 Nepotis] An interlineation. 2 Oppida] Opida. MS. 3 Si] Added between the lines. 4 Oppido] Opido. MS. 5 Two copies of this State Paper occur in the Baluze MS., numbers 27 and 28. The former is the ori- ginal, and is written upon a large single leaf of paper, without water- mark. The second, a fair office copy, in a contemporary hand, occupies two leaves ; of which the papermark is a wheel, surmounted (apparently) by a cross. HENRY THE SIXTH. 323 1456. Letter of James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France. — The writer dissuades Charles from entering into a treaty of peace with England, the hereditary enemy of France and Scotland, and suggests that the domestic disturbances, occasioned by the claims of the duke of York to the English throne, present an advantageous opportunity for united aggression. 1 Excellentissimo et invictissimo principi Carolo, Dei A.D. 1456. gratia Christianissimo Francorum regi ac confoederato J une 2 8 ‘ nostro amantissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scotto- rum, felicissimse prosperitatis continuum incrementum et salutem. Excellentissime princeps, placuit vestrse prmcelsse James, majestati nobis cum credentia dominum Monypenny vestra intentione destinare instructum, nos exhortando his attempts ad laborandum honestis viis ad perpetuam pacem t° d °ggg in inter Francim, Anglit© et Scotise regna, pro universal, from Eng - bono Christianitatis et Christianse religionis defensione, land ’ tractandam ; et hoc deficiente (quod illam tractare nequivimus), ad finalem confusionem et extermina- tionem Anglorum, vestra assistentia et supportatione, adjunctis vestris et nostris confcederatis, ut deceret reges et principes, totis viribus intendere debeamus. Nos enim, vestrrn Christianissimse majestati complacere volentes, in prsefata materia perpetum pacis tractandse multis viis et modis ac diversis vicibus, et anno ultimo per nostrum servitorem, regem armorum Lyone nuncupatum, laboravimus, et nihil profecimus in eadem, nostris instanciis et laboribus desuper factis 1 From the original in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 18. x 2 321 - letters AND PAPERS : recom- mends Charles to take ad- vantage of the dis- turbed state of that country, per regem Anglise omnino vilipensis et repudiates, quse res nobis magnam ingerit displacentiam. Perpendentes prseterea spolia et rapinas tam per terram quam mare, incendia, homicidia, patriarum depr sedation es, ac alias intolerabiles injurias et enormitates ex parte Anglo- rum in regnum et ligeos ac subditos nostros tempore treugarum nequiter perpetra, et dato quod per multa media diversis vicibus lionorabilesque legationes et per- sonas reformationem prsemissorum nobis per regem Anglornm faciendam requisivimus, quas reformationes prsemissorum damnatorum 1 commissarii utriusque regni desuper potestatem babentes nobis fieri decreverunt per regem Anglise, et eundem desuper nobis decreverunt debitorem, nullam tamen reformationem obtinere potu- imus, nec nobis fidem per literas seu documenta aut instrumenta prsestita in prsemissis nobis aut ligeis nostris servare curarunt. Prseterea, intelligentes magnam atque gravem divisio- nem inter regem Anglise ex una, et ducem Eboracensem, comitem Salisbery et sibi adbserentes ex alia, in regno Anglise nunc existentem, et convenientia media quse in dicto regno habemus de prsesenti per ducem ac comitem et sibi adhserentes prsefatos ; — qui vero dux (ut supponimus,) clarum habet jus ad coronam et diadema regni Anglise ; ex quibus causis prsemissis et divisionis prsefatse tempus aptum nobis existit in- terponere vires regnum Anglise hostiliter aggrediendi, pro utilitate regnorum Francise et Scotise, dum talis apparentia utilitatis regnorum Francise et Scotise multis exactis temporibus nusquam apparuit, et si nunc eon- niventibus oculis transeat hsec opportunitas, temporibus nostris nusquam tempus ita aptum intervenire spe- ratur. Hac igitur causa, et certis aliis nos moventibus, prsefato inclitissimo duci Eboracensi promisimus ipsum 1 Damnatorum'] Dampnatorum. MS. IIENIIY THE SIXTH. 325 in querela diadematis et corona) Anglia) auxiliare et juvare, qui nos desuper intermissis lionorabilibus per- sonis et litteris tenerrime 1 requisivit. Ex quibus et aliis arduis nos, ut prsemittitur, mo- ventibus, qua) vestrse prcecelsse majestati per prsesentium latores ad longum plenius poterint recitare, nos de treugis nostris regi An riorum deoneravimus, firmiter sperantes, sicut alias, nunc vestram Christianissimam majestatem et nos communicatum atque promissum existit, quod quia prtefata perpetua pax inter tria regna prsefata desiderata nequit liaberi. et ex speciali con- solatione vestrse clarissimse majestatis lianc guerrarum materiam aggredimur, quod ejusdem inclitissimse celsi- tudinis assistentiam, adjunctis aliis principibus confce- deratis prsemissis, firmiter liabere speramus ad concur - rendum nobiscum in confusionem et exterminationcm antiquorum liostium nostrorum Anglise, qui principales perturbatores totius Christianitatis ex is tun t, et defensi- onem Christiana) religionis contra nequitiam Turcorum sua ingenti malitia impediunt . 2 Et in prannissis placeat vestne excellentissimae ma- jestati firmam credentiam dilectis nobis Jacobo de Douglas de Logtoune, militi, magistris Johanni Ken- nydi et Georgio de Abernethi, collegiorum Sancti Andrem et Dumbartane praepositis, et spectabili scu- tifero et mercatori nostro Johanni de Dalrirnpill, sen duobus eorumdem, exhibere, et gratam expeditionem impendere, et eo amplius quod praemissam guerrarum materiam sub consohitione et confidentia vestrae sup- portationis et assistentiae manucapimus de praesenti, sicut semper consuevimus, ac etiam intendimus quas- cunque graves et arduas materias nos concernentes vestrae praecelsae majestatis supportatione, directione, et auxilio peragere ; offerentes nos semper i.ndefesse 1 Tenerrime 1 Tcncrime. MS, | 2 Impediunt] Inpediunt. MS. to join with him in at - tacking their com- mon enemy, and sends an embassy into France to make the necessary arrange- ments. 326 LETTERS AND PAPERS: paratos ad similia juxta vires impendenda, contem- platione ejusdem inclitissimse celsitudinis amantissimse- que paternitatis memoratse, qnam in cunctis feliciter peragendis dirigat Altissimus. Ex Edinburgo, xxviij, die mensis Jnnii. James R ( Dorso .) Excellentissimo ac invictissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Christianissimo Francorum regi, patri ac confoederato nostro amantissimo . 1 1456. Letter from James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, mediating in favor of the Dauphin, afterwards Louis the Eleventh . 2 1456. Excellentissimo ac Christianissimo principi Karolo, * Dei gratia Francorum regi, fratri, et confoederato nostro confidentissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scotorum, cum promptitudine complacendi firmissimam dilectio- nem. James has Illustrissime princeps, frater et confoederate amantis- the want of sime, quia, fama publica deferente, intelleximus vestram b n t an eT ity ^hristianissimam majestatem erga vestrum filium pri- Charles mogenitum, fratrem nostrum carissimum, Dolphinum Dauphin Viennensem, quamdam displicentiam concepisse, cujus Louis, ’ rei occasione, (si de remedio non provideatur oppor- 1 The signature is autograph, and a portion of the seal remains. The watermark is indistinct, but appears to be a flower, from each side of the stem of which springs a single leaf. 2 From the original letter in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, fol. 45. HENRY THE SIXTH. 327 tuno, 1 ) varia damna 2 et incommoda exinde pervenire verisimiliter poterimus formidare, nostrisque commu- nibus Angliae inimicis major exinde praestabitur auda- cia regna nostra guerrarum insultibus invadendi ; ves- tram igitur celsitudinem instantissime requirimus et rogamus quatinus, prsemissis attentis, prsefati primoge- niti vestri, fratris nostri carissimi, puerilia facta tein- poribus retroactis ignoscentes, et ipsius insolenfciam paterna pietate castigantes, ipsum celsitudini vestrae paterni amoris vinculo unire et reconciliare 3 velitis, non he urges a moleste ferentes ea qua) in hac materia tarn plane scri- re concili- bimus de pnesenti. Nos enim ad vestrae celsitudinis ° commodum et honorem, praefatique primogeniti obedi- cntiam filialem procurandam, prae caeteris, exceptis ves- tri Christianissimi regni paribus, recognoscimus fore astrictos, quod utique bono animo semper facere et continuare intendimus. Insuper in hac materia dilecto secretario et oratori nostro, magistro Johanni Kennedy, praeposito Sancti Andreae, ad vestram celsitudinem in praemissis clarius informandam destinato, benignam audientiam et fidem indubiam adhibere velit vestra Christianissima majes- tas memorata, quam in augmento honoris et gratiae custodiat cuncta Regens. Scriptum Edinburghe, nono die mensis Octobris. Date> James . 4 (Dor so.) Excellentissimo et Christianissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Fran corum regi et confoede- rato nostro confidentissimo. (In another hand.) Receue du roy Descoce a Saint Priet, le x me jour de Januier, mil, cccc. lvj . 5 1 Opportune^] Oportuno. MS. 2 Damna] Dampna, MS. 3 Reconciliare] Reconsiliare. MS. 4 The signature is autograph. 5 The watermark is an anchor surmounted by a cross. 328 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1456. 13 October. James com- plains of the delay of his for- mer em- bassy, and as ag- gressions of the Eng- lish are on the in- crease, 1456. Letter from James the Second, king of Scotland, to Charles the Seventh, king of France, repeating and enforcing his request for united action against their common enemies the English . 1 Illustrissimo ac Chris tianissimo principi KaroJo, Dei gratia Francorum regi, fratri ac confoederato nos- tro confidentissimo, Jacobus, eadem gratia rex Scot- torum, cum recommendatione ac dilectione votivis feli- citer triumphare. Christianissime princeps, frater ac confoederate aman- tissime, celsitudinem vestram recordari non ambigimus qualiter alias ad ejusdem vestrse celsitudinis prsesen- tiam certos nostros oratores in certis arduis utriusque regni prosperitatem concernantibus, ac potissime pro certis auxilio, supportatione, et juvamine contra nos- tros communes inimicos Anglise, regnum nostrum in- vadere et deprsedare non cessantes, obtinendis, duxi- mus transmittendos. Et quanquam nonnulli dictorum oratorum circa eis commissorum expeditionem quasi per biennium elapsum apud vestram celsitudinem remanserunt, hucusque tamen de ipsorum expeditione votiva minime informamur ; qua de re non modi- cum miramur, id tamen potius dictorum oratorum negligentia quam vestrse celsitudinis inadvertentia provenire speramus. Verum, illustrissime et Christianissime princeps, quia modernis diebus nos major urget necessitas con- tra prsefatos inimicos vestrse celsitudinis auxilium invocandum quam tempore transmissionis dictorum ora- torum (nam quod tunc dubitabamus evenit, et quod verebamur accidit), nostros vero rebelles in regno An- glise continue receptare, fovere et confortari non veren- tur, fideles nostros per terrain et per mare invadere et deprsedare non cessant, nullam attemptatorum seu damnorum 2 contra vim treugarum alias initarum per- 1 From the original letter contained in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 17 . 2 Damnorum ] Dampnorum. MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 329 petratorum reforinationem facere curant, quanquam ad id ssepissime fuerint requisiti. Ea propter, illustrissime et Christianissime princeps, a . frater et confoederate confidentissime, ad prsemissa sentTnto 1S et alia vestne celsitudini clarius exponenda, vestrseque France > Christianissimse majestatis auxilium, presidium et juvamen in tantse necessitatis articulo invocandum, venerabilem virumm agistrum Patricium Jong, archidia- conum Candidae Casae ac decanum Dunkeldensem, nos- trum conciliarium intime confisum, et nostrum Armorum Regem, Lyon vulgariter nuncupatum, ad vestrae celsi- tudinis piaesentiam transmittimus de praesenti ; eandem for which vestram Christianissimam majestatem obnixe requirendo 1S et benigne exliortando quatenus praemissis, nec non regnorum rememorandis confoederationibus hucusque, Deo laus 5 inviolabiliter observatis, mutuisque auxiliis in similibus casibus bine inde saepissime impensis, debitae consideration^ intuitu pensatis, praefato Patricio et dicto nostro Armorum Regl, oratoribus nostris, benig- nam audientiam, fidem indubiam, et in his quae nostra ex parte pro dictis subsidio et auxilio liabendis et aliis intimabunt, votivam et celerem expeditionem, prout res ipsa surame desiderare videtur, concedere et adliibere velit vestra Christian! ssima majestas saepedicta. Quam omnium regum Princeps et Dominus in pro- speritate votiva custodiat atque regat. Scriptum Edinburghe, decimo tertio die mensis Date. Octobris. James R. (. Dorso .) Illustrissimo et Christianissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum regi, fratri et confoederato nostro confidentissimo. {In another hand.) Receues du roy Descoce a Saint Saphorin Dauzon, environ le xv. jour de Decembre, mil cccclvj . 1 1 The watermark is an anchor surmounted by a cross. 330 LETTERS AND PAPERS: 1456. The three Estates of Scotland, assembled in Parliament, request aid from France against their common enemy the English . 1 1456. Excellentissime et Christianissime princeps, humil- 20 ^^ bei 'lima recommendatione prsemissa, cum promptitudine tantse majestati pro yiribus complacendi. The writers Excellentissime et Christianissime princeps, quia from taid serenissimus ac invictissimus princeps, nosterque domi- Erancefor nus supremus Jacobus Scotorum rex, avisamento et con- S coti and, nos ^ ro nonnullos oratores suos, cum certis litteris et instructionibus sua intentione plenarie instructos, in cer- tis arduis vestrse Christianissime majestati, nostramque, et utri usque regni prosperitatem intime concernen- tibus, duxit transmittendos, presertim vero certis con- silio, auxilio, et supportatione prsefato supremo domino nostro prsestandis, contra utriusque regni antiquos et about to be communes Anglie inimicos, regnum Scotie in prsesen- mvaded by ^ arum acriter et inoessanter invadentes. Yestram igi- their com- . . . ° mon enemy tur exceirentissimam majestatem humillimis et quibus lish Eng " valemus et poterimus precibus requirimus et rogamus quatenus, attentis antiquis regnorum confoederationibus inviolabiliter hucusque observatis, mutuisque auxiliis prseteritis temporibus hinc inde impensis, prefato su- premo domino nostro, pro nunc in tante necessitatis articulo constituto, succurrere et sub venire, suisque ambaxiatoribus vestrse celsitudini propterea transmissis gratiosam audientiam et votivam expeditionem, juxta tenorem et effectum suarum instructionum, concedere et adhibere dignetur vestra Christianissima majestas memorata. Nos enim prefato supremo domino nostro Eromthe original in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 46. HENRY THE SIXTH. 331 dictas confoederationes fideliter observare, ac vestrae celsitudini in futurum consimile auxilium, quoties 1 ne- cesse fuerit, praestare, consulere et suadere nullatenus omittemus. Yes tram Christianissimam majestatem om- nium Hex et Dominus conservare dignetur in aevum. Scriptum apud Edinburgh e, sub sigillo venerandi in Christo patris Jacobi, episcopi Sancti Andreae, pro statu cleri, Willelmi comitis Orchadiae et de Cathnes, cancellarii Scotiae, pro statu procerum, et communi sigillo burgi de Edinburghe, pro statu communitatis regni, vicesimo die mensis Octobris. Ad quaeque vestrae Chris tianissimae majestati bene- placita parati, Praelati, Proceres et Communitas regni Scotiae, in praesenti concilio general i universaliter congregati. (Dorso.) Excellentissimo ac Christianissimo principi Karolo, Dei gratia Francorum regi. (In another hand.) Litterae regis Scotiae et trium statuum regni ejus- dem ad regem, cum parvis litteris scriptis manu propria 2 ejusdem regis Scotiae. Peceues a Saint Saphorin Dauzon, environ le xv. jour de Decembre, mil, cccc. lvj . 3 1 Quoties ] Quotiens. MS. 2 Manu propria ] This letter is not extant in the Manuscript which has furnished the present corre- spondence. 3 The watermark is an anchor, surmounted by a cross. The marks of the seals, but nothing more. 332 LETTERS AND PAPERS: 1457. The answer made by the king of France to the pro- posals submitted to him on the part of the king of Scotland . 1 1457. January. The king of Scotland (1) has lately invaded England; Les gens et ambaxadeurs du tres hault et puissant prince, le roy Descosse, frere et alie du roy, notre souverain seigneur, ont dit et expose au roy notre dit seigneur, en lexplicacion de leur creance, les trois poins qui sensuivent. Le premier a este du bon estat et disposition de la personne du dit roy Descosse ; et comme, en lannee derrainerement passe, il est entre a grant puissance en royaume Dangleterre, ou quel a demoure longue espace de temps ; lonneur et bonne fortune que Dieu lui a donnee contre les Anglois, anciens et communs ennemis des deux roys et royaumes de France et [Translation.] The people and ambassadors of the most high and powerful prince, the king of Scotland, the brother and ally of the king, our sovereign lord, have stated and opened to the king our said lord, in explaining their credentials, the three points which follow : The first is concerning the good estate and health of the person of the said king of Scotland ; and how, in the year last past, he has entered with a large army into the kingdom of England, in which he has continued a long space of time ; the honor and good fortune which God has given him against the English, the ancient and common enemies of the two kings and kingdoms of France and 1 From the Baluze MS. 99s7-3, fol. * 7 . HENRY THE SIXTH. 333 Descosse, et des pertes et doumages que les dits Anglois a cestc cause ont souffers et soustenuz, a leur con- fusion, et au bien, honneur, prouffit et renommee des dits deux roys et royaumes. Le second point ; comme le roy Descosse a este (2)contem- informe que les dits Anglois, courroussez et desplais- sans de ces choses, ont dispose eulx revenchier, et inroad, in porter tous les doumages a eulx possibles aus dits roy ^Vicits^tlie et royaume Descosse, a quoy le dit prince a esperance, aid of Dieu aidant, de resister, et non mie seulement dat- Flance ’ tendre leur venue au dit royaume Descosse, mais, cori- sidere le bon droit et la querelle quil a en ceste partie, a dispose dentrer derechief ou dit royaume Dangleterre, avoir, prendre et recouvrer certaines places que les Anglois occupent, les quelles sont danciennete du dit royaume Descosse, et lui compettent et appar- tiennent ; et proceder en oultre, ainsi que Dieu et fortune lui administrera. Requerant sur ce le bon Scotland ; and the losses and damages which the said English have suffered and sustained by this cause, to their confusion, and to the good, honor, profit and renown of the said two kings and kingdoms. The second point ; the king of Scotland has been in- formed that the said English, enraged and displeased at these doings, have determined to revenge themselves, and to do all the damage which they can to the said king and realm of Scotland, which the said prince hopes to resist, with the help of God, and not only to await their ar- rival in the said realm of Scotland, but, considering the good right and the quarrel in which he is engaged in this part, he is determined to enter again into the said king- dom of England, to have, take, and recover certain places which the English hold, and which of old time have been the property of the said realm of Scotland, and belong and appertain to it, and to advance yet further, as God and fortune shall decide. He requires herein, therefore, the 334 LETTERS AND PAPERS : conseil et aide du roy, lequel aide les dits ambaxa- deurs ont divise en deux parties ; cest assavoir, que le roy voulsist dun coste descendre en Angle terre a puis- sance, on y envoyer aucuns seigneurs de son sang avecques nombre de gens competent, pour faire guerre dune part aus dits Anglois ; et que le roy Descoce la feroit dautre. Ou, se le plaisir du roy nestoit de ainsi le faire (pour ce que le dit roy Descosse ne peut longuement continuer la guerre de son coste sans grans fraiz et despens, ce que de lui ne pourroit bonne- ment supporter), il pleut a roy notre dit seigneur aidier le dit roy Descoce, son frere et alie, daucun argent et artillerie. (3)and asks Le tiers point ; que combien que les grans fais et mation re- ex P er i ences du temps passe aient bien monstre la specting bonne amour et affection que a este entre les deux ceedings 10 " ro y s e t royaumes de France et Descosse, et que le dit roy Descosse amie le roy son frere et alie cordialement good counsel and aid of the king ; which aid the said ambassadors have divided into two points ; that is to say, that the king would be pleased to invade England with an army on one side, or to send thither some lords of his blood along with a fitting number of troops, to wage war against the said English on the one part ; and king of Scot- land will do the like on the other. Or, if it were not to the pleasure of the king to do this (since the said king of Scotland cannot long continue the war upon his side without great cost and expense, which he cannot well support), that it would please the king, our said lord, to aid the said king of Scotland, his brother and ally, with some money and munitions of war. The third point ; although the great events and expe- rience of past times have well shown the good love and affection which have existed between the two kings and kingdoms of France and Scotland, and the said king of Scotland loves the king, his brother and ally, cordially and HENRY THE SIXTH. 335 et entierement, et non mye seulement comme frere et against alie, mais comme sil estoit son propre pere, et que ^ambei jamais il ne se vonlclroit troubler al encontre de lui and others pour quelconque rapport que on lui peut faire. Toutes voyes pour ce que plusieurs lengaiges ont este al occasion de Eobin Cambel, qui a este execute par justice en ce royaume, et de plusieurs autres de la nation Descosse detenu z prisonniers a cause de cer- taines cboses que on leur impose et met sus, et que de ces matieres il a este parle bien sinistrement entre plusieurs de royaume Descosse, pour separer et des- mouveoir le bon couraige que ceulx de la dite nacion ont aux roy notre clit seigneur et aux royaume de France, le dit roy Descosse, qui de tout son cuer desire entretenir ses subgetz en bonne amour et affec- tion envers le roy notre dit seigneur et la nation de France, vouldroit bien, pour apaisier tous les murmures [et] bruis que ont este, et sont encores, en Escoce a entirely, and not only as a brother and ally, but also as if he were his own father, and has never thought it necessary to take the trouble to oppose him, whatever were the report which might reach him. Nevertheless, because many remarks have been made upon the occasion of Eobin Cambel, who was judicially executed in this realm, and many others of the Scottish nation are detained pri- soners because of certain charges brought and advanced asrainst them, and since these matters have been exceed- ingly ill spoken about by many of the kingdom of Scotland, in order to divide and remove the good feel- ing which the people of the said nation have towards the king our said lord and to the realm of France, the said king of Scotland, who with all his heart desires to keep his subjects in good love and affection towards the king our said lord and the nation of France, is most anxious (in order to appease all the murmurs and reports which have been, and are yet in Scotland, from this cause), that 336 LETTERS AND PAPERS : The answer of the king of France to these articles. To the first point. ceste cause, quil pleust au roy que le proces qui a este fait du dit Robin Cambel feust bailie aux dessus dits ambaxadeurs, pour porter au royaume Deseosse et monstrer a ceulx depar dela les causes pour les quelles il a este execute. Et quant aux autres detenus pri- sonniers, sil ny avoit matiere pour les detenir, que on les delivrast ; ou que sil y avoit matiere, quil pleust au roy en informer les dits ambaxadeurs, pour en faire relation au roy Deseosse et a ceulx de la nation, pour eschever les lengaiges, murmures, et autres inconveniens dessus dits. Aus quelz trois poincts a este respondu par le roy, notre dit seigneur, en la maniere qui ensuit. Et premierement ; en tant que touche le premier point, que le roy a este tres joieux davoir sceu du bon estat et disposition 1 de son beau frere et alie, it would please the king that the proceedings which have been carried on in the case of the said Robin Cambel should be delivered to the said ambassadors, in order that they may carry them into the realm of Scotland and show to the persons there the causes for which he has been executed. And as regards the other persons who are de- tained as prisoners, if there be no cause why they should be detained, that they he delivered ; or if there be a cause, that the king would he pleased to inform the said ambas- sadors, that they may make a report thereupon to the king of Scotland and the people of that nation, in order to put an end to the reports, complaints, and other mischiefs, mentioned above. To which three points, answer has been made by the king, our said lord, in the manner that follows. And in the first place ; as far as the first point is con- cerned, the king has been exceedingly joyful to hear of the good state and health of his brother-in-law and ally, Disposition ] Disposion. MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 337 le roy Descosse, le bien, lionneur et prosperite duquel il desire autant que comme le sien propre ; tant en remembrant les grandes amistiez et aliances qui de toute anciennete ont este entre les deux roys et royaumes, comme pour les services et secours quilz ont faiz les ungs aux autres en leurs necessitez. Et repute le roy le bien de lun estre le bien de lautre, et le mal et inconvenient de lun, le mal et incon- venient de lautre. Et pour ce quant il a sceu la grant et bonne fortune que Dieu a donne au roy Descosse, son beau frere et alie, quant darreinerement il est entre en Angleterre, et le hault et noble couraige quil a dist liaultes choses entreprendre, il en a eu grant joye [et] consolation , 1 et aura toutes les fois que de lui il orra parler, comme de son bonne frere et alie, et au quel il a singnlier amour et affection, non mie seulement comme a son frere et alie, mais comme a son propre filz. the king of Scotland ; the welfare, honor and prosperity of whom he desires as much as he does his own ; bearing in mind as well the great friendship and alliances which from all antiquity have existed between the two kings and kingdoms, as also the services and assistance which they have rendered the one to the other in their necessities. And the king holds that the good of the one is ' the good of the other, and that the hurt and harm of the one is the hurt and harm of the other. And consequently, when he was informed of the great and good fortune which God has given to the king of Scot- land, his brother-in-law and ally, in his late inroad into England, and the high and noble inclination which he professes to take in hand such important proceedings, he has had herein great joy and comfort, and will continue to have the same as often as he shall hear him spoken of, as of his good brother and ally, and one to whom he has a sin- gular love and affection, not only as towards his brother and ally, but as if he were his own son. YOL. I. Consolation ] Consalation. MS. Y 338 LETTERS AND PAPERS : To the second point. Au second point, touehant lentencion des Anglois ainsi que le roy Descosse a este informe, et de la deliberation que le dit seigneur a sur ce prinse, sur quoy il requiere au roy conseil et avis : — Le roy vouldroit tousjours conseiller le roy Descosse, son beau frere et alie, en toutes choses licites et honnestes, comme il vouldroit faire soy mesmes a son propre enffans. Et quant la matiere seroit telle que le roy peust veoir et cognoistre chose ou con- venablement il peust offroir advis ou opinion, le roy le feroit tres voulentiers et de bon cuer. Mais, comme chacun scet, les faiz de guerre sont matieres qui se cognoissent et jugent al oeil, selon la dispo- sition en quoy len se trouve tout de puissance de gens et autres choses necessaires a la guerre, et de temps continuable, comme de la disposition des ennemis et de leur povoir; et nest nul qui bonnement en ces matieres peust donner seul ne raisonnable conseil, sil To the second point ; touching the intention of the English, as the king of Scotland has been informed, and respecting the decision at which the said prince has arrived hereupon, respecting which he asks counsel and advice from the king - The king’s wish is always to give counsel to the king of Scotland, his brother-in-law and ally, in all lawful and honourable matters, as he himself would wish to do to his own children. And when the business is of that nature that the king can perceive and understand that therein he can befittingly offer his advice or opinion, the king will give it most willingly and with a good heart. But, as every one knows, military affairs are matters which must be understood and judged of by actual inspection, accord- ing to the existing position of the entire army as regards troops and other necessaries for the war, and for the continued maintenance of the same, as for instance, the condition of the enemies and their power; and no one can well give an individual or reasonable opinion if he have HENRY THE SIXTH. 339 ne veoit les clioses dessus dits, et fault en ce avoir sa principal le fiance a Dieu, et au surplus soy gou- verner par bon et notable conseil, ainsi que on voit le cas advenir. Et croit le roy que cest lintention de son beau frere et alie, le roy Descosse, le quel est gamy et acompaigne de gens sages et notables, tout prelas, nobles, que autres de diveres estas, qui cog- noissent et entendent le fait de la guerre, le fait de son royaume, et le povoir de ses ennemis de ainsi le faire, et par eulx et leur bon advis et conseil soy gouverner. Semblable conseil prent le roy, notre dit seigneur, en telles matieres, quant les cas se y offrent ; et sil pouvoit donner meilleur conseil au dit roy Des- cosse, son frere et alie, il le feroit de tres bon cuer. Quant a laide que le dit roy Descosse demande au roy, lequel les dits ambaxadeurs ont divise en deux menbres, lun, que le roy voulsist descendre, ou faire descendre, armee en Angleterre ; lautre, que se ce not seen the things above-said, herein a man ought to place his chief trust in God, and moreover to regulate his conduct by good and trustworthy advice, according to circumstances appear to require. And the king believes that this is the intention of his brother-in-law and ally, the king of Scotland, who is provided with and has in his company wise and illustrious individuals, as well prelates and nobles as others of divers conditions, who know and understand military affairs, the state of his realm and the power of his enemies to do the like, and he ought to regulate himself by them and their good advice and counsel. The king, our said lord, adopts the like counsel in such matters when similar cases present themselves ; and if he would give better advice to the said king of Scotland, his brother and ally, he would do so most willingly. As to the aid which the said king of Scotland asks from the king, and which the said ambassadors have divided into two members, the one, that the king would land an army in England, or cause one to be landed ; the other, Y 2 340 LETTERS AND PAPERS : nestoit le plaisir du roy de ainsi le faire, quil voulsist seconrir le dit roy Descosse daucune somme dargent et dartillerie. Le ro} T a bien voulu, et veult bien, qne le roy Descosse entende et cognoisse les grans affaires de ce royaume, et lestat et disposision dicellui, tant pour lamour et fiance quil a en lui, comme pour lui donner a entendre la verite de la chose telle comme elle est. Et a ceste cause primierement il le a fait remonstrer bien au long a les dits ambaxadeurs. Et pour aucune declaration de la matiere, il est vray que le roy, moyennant la grace de Dieu, qui tousjours lui a conduit ses affaires, et par la diligence aussi qui de sa part il a mise, et le service de ses bons et loyaulx subgetz, a recouvert la duchie de Normandie, la duchie de Guienne, et toutes ses autres terres, pais, et seigneuries, que les Anglois te- if this were not agreeable to the king, that he would assist the said king of Scotland with a certain sum of money and munitions of war. The king has always been most desirous, and still is most desirous, that the king of Scotland should understand and know the great affairs of this kingdom, and the state and condition of the same, as well from the love and con- fidence which he has towards him, as also that he may understand the true position of affairs, as they are in reality. And for this reason, in the first instance, he had stated them at considerable length to the said am- bassadors. And to give some explanation of the matter, true it is that the king, by the help of God’s grace, Who has always guided him in his affairs, and also by the diligence which he has employed upon his part, and by the service of his good and loyal subjects, has recovered the duchy of Normandy, the duchy of Guyenne, and all his other HENRY THE SIXTH. 341 noient en ce royaume, excepte Calaix et la marolie denviron. Et combien que son obeissance soit en ce fort acreue, et tout le royaume en soit en plusieurs lieux plus prisie et renomme, toutes voyes nen est pas la charge pour le roy, tant au regart des gens de guerre comme de dispence pour les paier, moindre que elle estoit au paravant. Car au temps que les Anglois occupoient Normandie et Guienne, le roy navoit a garder que certaines marches et lieux, certains et ordonnez, et qui estoient bien garniz et establiz, ainsi que en tel cas appartient. Et se les Anglois se vouloient efforcer de faire plus grans explois, le roy de bonne heure et long temps paravant en estoit ad- verti, et savoit leur puissance, et par ou ilz devoient passer, pour y donner la provision telle que au cas ap- partenoit. Mais de present le roy a agarder a chacun jour continued ement toute la coste de la mer, et de 1 autre, depuis Espaigne jusques en Picardie, qui lands, countries and lordships, which the English held in this kingdom, except Calaix, and the adjacent district. And although his sovereignty has considerably increased hereby, and the whole realm is hereby more valued and renowned in many places, nevertheless as far as regards the king, his charges, as well for soldiers as for the means of paying them, is not less herein than it was previously. For in the time when the English held Normandie and Guienne, the king had only to guard certain boundaries and places which were fixed and ascertained, and which were well provided and furnished, as such a state of affairs required. And if the English would take upon themselves to make further inroads, the king was warned hereof in good time and a considerable period beforehand, and he knew their strength, and by what road they would pass, so as to make arrangements accordingly, as the case demanded. But at present the king must daily and continually watch all the sea-coast, on both sides, from Spain to Picardy, 342 LETTERS AND PAPERS : monte plus de iiij.c.l. lieues de pais ; en quoy insesaim- ment il faute quil ait gens darmes en grant nombre et a grant puissance, paiez de leurs gaiges, qui ne bougent dessus les lieux, et tellement que toute la revenue de Normandie (qui est lun des plus beaux membres et des plus grandes revenues de ce royaume) ne poet pas souffire a c.m. frans pres au paiement des gens darmes ordonnez pour la garde dicellui ; mesmement que les Anglois ont tenu le dit pais le- space de xxij. ans, ou plus, et cognoissent les descentes et tout lestat du pais aussi bien que ceulx qui y demeurent; ne ne peut estre/ attendu le long temps quelz y ont demoure, quilz ny aient encores des faveurs, a quoy fault tousjours avoir loeil. Et tout pour ceste cause, comme pour ce quil ny a que six lieures de bon vent de venir Dangleterre jusques au dit pais de Normandie, est bien requis et necessaire which amounts to more than four hundred and fifty leagues of country ; in which it is necessary that he have continu- ally a considerable number of soldiers and a great force whose wages must be paid, who do not leave those places ; and in such wise that the entire revenue of Normandie (which is one of the fairest members of this realm, and produces the greatest revenues), does not suffice, by one hundred thousand francs, to pay the soldiers appointed to guard it ; the more especially as the English, having held the said country for the space of twenty-two years, years, or more, know the landing places and all the condition of the country quite as well as those persons do who reside therein ; nor, if we consider the long period that they have resided there, can it be otherwise than that they still have some adherents therein, upon whom it is always necessary to keep an eye. And as well from this reason, as also because only six hours of a favourable wind suffice to pass from England into the said country of Normandy, it is most requisite and necessary that the king con- HENRY THE SIXTH. 343 que le roy contimiellement y mette grant garde pour la seurte et defence du pais. Et quant au pais de Guienne, cliacun scet que a este Anglois le space de trois cens ans, ou environ, et sont ceulx de pais du leur droicte condicion tous enclins au parti Dangleterre ; par quoy est besoing de y pourvoir plus que a nul autre de ses pais. Et a ceste cause le dit seigneur continuellement y fait tenir grant nombre des gens de guerre, soubz la charge et conduite de plusieurs chiefz de guerre et des plus notables de ce royaume, tant seigneurs de son sang que autres ; et nest annee que le dit pais ne coste au roy a garder trois cens mil francs plus que en lui vault la revenue. Pareillement la duchie de Bretaigne, le pais de Pontou et Xantoigne, sont continuelment en doubte au regart des ennemis, pour ce quilz sont sur coustiere de mer, la ou les ennemis peuent cliacun jour de- tinually place there a great power for the surety and defence of the country. And as for the country of Guienne, every person knows that it has been English for the space of three hundred years, or thereabouts, and the people of the district are at heart entirely inclined to the English party ; wherefore it is more necessary to be watchful over that than over any other of his lands. And for this reason the said prince causes a large number of troops to remain there continually, under the charge and care of many officers and the most celebrated men of this realm, as well the lords of his blood as others ; and there is no single year in which the custody of the said country has not cost the king three hundred thousand francs more than its revenue has pro- duced. In like manner the duchy of Bretaigne and the country of Pontou and Xantoigne are continually in a state of fear in respect to the enemies, because they lie upon the sea-coast, where the enemy can make a descent any day. LETTERS AND PAPERS: SU scendre. Parquoy est aussi besoing que les dits pais ne demourent point despourveuz, a fin que inieulx ilz puissent resister aux entreprinses que les dits ennernis y vouldroient et peuent faire. Et en oultre, puis nagueres en eu aucuns seignieurs de ce royaume, gens de grant estat et renomme, et mesmes proucliains parens du roy, aurient fait des entreprinses alencontre du roy, a prejudice de ce roy- aume et en faveur des dits Anglois ; a quoy se le roy neust hastivement pourveu, estoient en voye den advenir inconveniens qui de ligier neussent pas este reparez, ainsi que plus amplement et particuli- erement a este dit et declaire aus dits ambaxadeurs, qui ont de ce assez cognoissance et sceuent bien quil est verite. Et avecques ce, ne sont pas toutes les differences de ce royaume apaisees, comme iceulx ambaxadeurs peuent veoir et cognoistre al oeil, ce que toutes foiz au plaisir de Dieu brief se sera ; et est bien lentencion du roy de y donner telle et si Wherefore it is also necessary that the said countries should not continue unprovided for, to the end that they may the better resist the attempts that the said enemies are willing and able to make there. And moreover, lately some of the lords of this kingdom, personages of great rank and reputation, and even of near relationship to the king, have made some attempts against the king, in prejudice of this realm and in favour of the said English, against which, if the king had not made hasty provision, there would have resulted therefrom mis- chief which could not have been easily remedied, as more fully and particularly has been stated and declared to the said ambassadors, who have sufficient knowledge thereof and are well convinced that it is true. And besides this, all the differences of this realm are not appeased, as these ambassadors can perceive and understand of their own knowledge, which, however, by the will of God, they speedily will be ; and it is fully the intention of the king HENRY THE SIXTH. 345 bonne provision que aucun inconveniens nen advien- dra. Mais toutes fois, estans les choses es termes en quoy elles sont, le roy Descosse et cenlx de son roy- aume peuent veoir que ce nest pas sans grant cause se le roy se tient sur ses gardes de tous costez ; et que tous jours il se teigne pourveu tant de gens que de finance et autres choses, qui lui sont necessaires pour garder son pais et resister aux entreprinses que on vouldroit, ou pourroit, faire alencontre de lui. Et ne feussent les choses dessus dits, et que a toute heure il fault que le roy se tiegne sur sa garde, tant de gens de guerre comme de finance pour les paier, considere la grant affaire que a eu la Cristiente puis aucun temps en ca, a cause des grans maulx et dommages que le Turq en plusieurs parties y a faiz et portez, et dont par diverses foiz le pape a este occasion a envoy e devers le roy, lentencion du dit to give thereto such good heed, that no mischief shall result therefrom. Yet since these matters are in the con- dition in which they stand, the king of Scotland and the people of his realm can perceive that it is not without good cause that the king stands upon the watch on all sides ; and that he should always keep himself provided as well with troops as with money and other things which are necessary for him to guard his country, and to resist the enterprises which might be planned or executed against him. And if the things mentioned above were not as they are, and were it not that the king is compelled to be upon the watch to provide as well troops as money to pay them, he, the said prince — considering the great difficulty in which Christianity has stood for some time past, in con- sequence of the great evils and damage which the Turk has done and perpetrated in many parts, and which have caused the pope several times to send an embassy to the king,— had fully arrived at the determination to despatch 346 LETTERS AND PAPERS: seigneur estoit bien de y envoyer secours et aide, aussi que ses predecessours ait fait le temps passe. Mais pour le grant et evident peril en quoy chacun jour on voit ce royaume, pour les doubtes et dangiers que dessus, le roy na pas este conseille, ne il na pas semble raisonnable ne commendable, de y envoyer, que ne feust a doubter de y venir inconvenient inre- parable. La quelle chose, ne pour ceste cause ne pour autre, le roy scet certainement que son beau frere, le roy Descosse, ne vouldroit pour riens ne que jamais a cause de lui ne autrement aucun inconvenient peust advenir au roy, ne a son royaume. To the Au tiers et derrenier point, faisant mencion de third point. j> 0 ]^ n Q am bel et autres detenuz prisonniers, etc. Le roy est bien souvenant des grans, bons et agreables services que ceulx de la nation Descosse lui ont faiz le temps passe, et de leur loyaulte, et de lamour et affection que les roys Descosse, pere et fils, et ceulx thither succour and aid, as his predecessors have done in time past. But in consequence of the great and evident peril in which it is evident that this kingdom stands daily, in consequence of the fears and dangers mentioned above, the king has not been advised, nor has he thought it rea- sonable nor commendable, to send thither, which would occasion, it is to be feared, irreparable mischief. And the king knows for a surety that his brother-in-law, the king of Scotland, neither for this cause nor for any other, would ever consent that any mischief should arise to the king, or to his reaim. To the third and last point, making mention of Robin Cambel aud the other prisoners who are in custody, etc. The king is well mindful of the great, good and ac- ceptable services which the people of the nation of Scotland have done him in time past, and of their loyalty, and of the love and affection which the kings of Scotland, the father HENRY THE SIXTH. 347 de la nation, Ini ont moustriez par effect. II en est tres content, et sen lone, et les en mercye ; et anssi de sa part il les a tractiez le plus donlcement et favourablement quil a este possible, et pins avantagez en tontes choses que nulz antres ; et en ce que touchie lonneur et le bien dn dit roy Descosse et * des siens, dont le roy a este adverty, il se y est employe, et vouldroit tous jours faire comme en ses propres af- faires. Et en onltre, pour lonneur et fiance quil a en ceulx de la nacion Descosse, peult chacnn cognoistre la seurte quil a prins en eulx, comme de leur bailler Ja garde de son propre corps. Et pose que en aucuns de la nation il ait este trouve faulte, comme estre ne peut en toutes nations quil nen y ait de ungs et dautres, ainsi que lexperience le monstre, tant en France que en Escosse et ailleurs, toutes voyes au regart des autres son vouloir et affection nen est en riens changie, et a en eulx aussi grant amour et and the son, and the people of that nation, have effectually shewn him. Therewith he is much gratified, and well pleased, and thanks them for the same ; and also upon his part, he has treated them in the most-gentle and favourable wise possible, and given them more advantages in all things than any other ; and in whatever affects the honor and the weal of the said king of Scotland and his people, if the king has been informed thereof, he has employed himself therein, and has wished at all times to act as he would do in his own personal affairs. And moreover, as to the honor and the trust which he has in the people of the nation of Scotland, every pne may perceive the confidence which he places in them by the fact that he has assigned to them the guard of his own person. And admitting that in some of the nation he has found a shortcoming, as it cannot be but that among all nations there must be some few such like, as experience shows, as well in France as in Scotland and elsewhere, nevertheless, as regards the others, his good will and affection towards them is nothing 348 LETTERS AND PAPERS : fiance que eut jamais, et le peust chacun jour veoir clerement tous les jours. Mais pour retourner aux particuliers en tant quil touche le dit Cambel. Le roy pense que les dits ambaxadeurs ont eu assez cognoissance du cas et crime par lui commis, lequel de soy mesmes et sans aucune force ou con- trainte il a deliberalment confesse, et par plusieurs fois, et y persevere jusques a la mort, et dont a ceste cause lexecution en est ensuye. Neantmoins encores pour obtemperer a la requeste des dits ambaxadeurs, et que le roy sera bien joyeux que son beau frere, le roy Descosse, et ceulx de la nacion sachent et en- tendent la verite de la matiere, le roy escripra a sa court de parlement (en la quelle le proces du dit Cambel a prins fin, et par lordonnance dicelle, qui est court souveraine de tout le royaume, a este le dit Cambel, apres sa confession faite, comme dessus, exe- clianged, and he has as great love and trust in them as he ever had, as may be clearly seen daily. But to return to the particulars as far as they affect the said Cambel. The king thinks that the said ambassadors have had sufficient knowledge of his case and of the crime by him committed, which, without any force or constraint, he has voluntarily and deliberately confessed, and this at several times, and has persevered therein to the death, and there- upon execution had followed for this reason. Neverthe- less, to yield to the request of the said ambassadors, and because the king will be very glad that his brother-in-law, the king of Scotland, and the people of that nation should know and understand the truth of the matter, the king will write to his court of parliament (in which the proceedings respecting the said Cambel were concluded, and by the ordinance thereof, — it being the supreme court of the whole realm, — the said Cambel was executed, after he had made liis confession, as has been stated above) that they should HENRY THE SIXTH. 349 cute), que la confession dicellui Cambel ilz monstrent aus dits ambaxadeurs ; et se besoing est, et que avoir en vueillent le double, quilz la leur baillent en forme deue et vallable pour porter en Escosse, ou la ou il leur plaira, et informer le roy Descosse et ceulx de la nacion, ainsi et par la forme et maniere que le plaisir du roy Descosse sera de faire. Et quant au fait de Robert Cogingam, et Thomas Halidaz, et les autres detenuz prisonniers pour les charges qui leur sont mises sus et imposees, le roy a este bien desplaisant davoir trouve sur eulx matiere parquoy il aye convenu les mettre et constituer en arrest ; et ny a riens fait que par grande et meure deliberacion, et apres plusieurs informacions qui tres fort le cliaro’oient, et dont de leur bouche sans aucune contrainte ilz en ont comme partie confesse, ainsi que plus a plain a este remonstre aus dits ambaxadeurs. exhibit the confession of the said Cambel to the said am- bassadors ; and if need be, and if they wish to have a copy thereof, that they should be supplied therewith in due and fitting form in order that they may carry it into Scotland, or wherever it shall please them, to inform the king of Scotland and the people of that nation, in such wise and by whatever form and manner it may be the pleasure of the king of Scotland to do. And as regards the case of Robert Cogingam and Thomas Halidaz, and the others yet detained in prison in consequence of the charges which are laid and brought against them, the king has been much pained at having found in them a good reason for putting and keeping them in arrest ; and herein he has done nothing without great and mature deliberation, and after many informations which pressed them very heavily, and of which, with their own mouths and without any constraint, they have made, as it were, a partial confession, as has been more fully shown to the said ambassadors. And the king would be more 350 LETTERS AND PAPERS: Et seroit le roy pins joyenx de deliverance des choses dessus dits que de leur coulpe. Mais quant telz cas adviennent, qui sont si grans et de si grant importance ; quant ilz touchent la personne du roy, de son lieutenant general, et de ses principaulx chiefz de guerre, et de la perdicon de toute son armee, et dont en peu advenu inconvenient irreparable a la chose publique de son royaume ; ce nest pas de mer- veille se le roy a este conseille de vouloir averer ces choses, et faire proceder en larreste de ceux qui sont trouvez chargiez, et la ou il y a grandes et se vehe- mentes presupcions, comme es choses dessus dites, jusques a ce que la verite en soit sceue. Et quant aucuns de la nacion de France en auroient, autant fait au royaume Descoce, le roy seroit bien joyeux que son beau frere, le roy Descosse, feist le semble ; ausi ne fait il point de doubter que le dit roy Descosse et ceulx de son royaume, de ce advertiz et informez, ne soyent joyeulx et contens de ce que le roy y a fait, pleased that they should he exonerated from these things above said than at their punishment. But when such cases arise, which are so great and of so great importance ; when they affect the person of the king, of his lieutenant-general and of the principal officers of the war, and the destruction of his entire army, and whence might have arisen irreparable damage to the public good of his realm, it is no wonder that the- king should be advised to be pleased to investigate those matters, and proceed to arrest those persons who are found charged therewith, and where there are such great and strong presumptions, as in the cases above specified, that the truth thereof should be dis- covered. And whenever any persons of the nation of France shall have done the like in the kingdom of Scotland, the king will be right glad if his brother-in-law, the king of Scotland, would do the like ; and he makes no doubt that the said king of Scotland and the people of hfs kingdom will be pleased and satisfied with what the king has done HENRY THE SIXTH. 351 et que la verite en soit sceue. Car, comme dit est dessus, le bien de lun est le bien de lautre, et le mal et inconvenient de lun est le mal et inconvenient de lautre ; et les aliances entre eulx sont si grandes, si bonnes, et si perfaictes, et ont este si bien entretenus le temps passe, et seront encores (si Dieu plaise), que dun doit faire pour lautre comme pour soy mesmes. Et ainsi le veult le roy faire de sa part, confiant et non revocant en doubte que le roy Descosse faire le semblable de sa part. Fait a Saint Priet, ou Daulphine. (. Dorso .) La response faite a ceulx Descoce a Saint Pryet, et depuis a eulx baillie par escript, ou moys de Jannier, mil cccc. lvj. 1 herein and that the truth thereof should be known. For, as has been said above, the good of the one is the good of the other, and the hurt and harm of the one is the hurt and harm of the other ; and the alliances between them are so great, so good, and so perfect, and have been so well kept in times past, and still shall be (if God please), that the one would act for the other as for himself. And thus will the king do, for his part, trusting and nothing doubting that the king of Scotland would do the like upon his part. Executed at Saint Priet, in Daulphine. (Dorso.) The answer made to the people of Scot- land at Saint Pryet, and afterwards delivered to them in writing, in the month of January, one thousand, cccc. lvj. 1 This document is •written upon four leaves of paper, namely, the folios numbered 47, 48, 49 and 50. The leaves 51, 52, 53 and 54 are blank, except that the indorsement, given above, occurs upon the back of the last. The watermark re- sembles the head of a mallet, sur- mounted by a cross. 852 LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1457. March 21. The bishop consents to the return of the prin- cess Joanna from France into Scot- land. 1457. Letter of Thomas Spence, bishop of Galloway, re- specting the return of the princess Joanna from France into Scotland . 1 Nous, Thomas, par la permission divine evesque de Galoue, ambaxeur envoye en ce royaulme de France par le roy Descoce, mon souverain seigneur, et avec nous le seigneur de Linezay et larcediacre de Glasco, certifions a tous ceulx quil appartendra, que, entre les autres choses dont le roy Descoce, mon dit souverain seigneur, nous a donne charge, il nous a ordonne requerir de par luy a tres hault et tres Christien prince le roy de France, son frere et alye, que son plaisir feust lui envoyer madame Johanne, seur de mon dit souverain seigneur le roy Descoce, estant des pieca en ce dit royaulme. Laquelle requeste oye par le roy de France tres Christien, en ensuivant le vouloir de mon dit souverain seigneur, a acorde, et [Translation.] We, Thomas, by the divine permission bishop of Galoue, an ambassador sent into this realm of France by the king of Scotland, my sovereign lord, and along with us the lord de Linezay and the archdeacon of Glasco, certify to all those persons whom it shall concern, that, among the other matters which the king of Scotland, my said sovereign lord, gave us in charge, he directed us to ask, upon his behalf, of his most high and most Christian prince the king of France, his brother and ally, that he would be pleased to send madame Johanne, the sister of my said sovereign lord the king of Scotland, who for some time past has re- sided in the said realm. When this request was heard by the most Christian king of France, he, yielding to the wishes of my said sovereign lord, has assented thereto, and with 1 From the original, contained in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 39. HENRY THE SIXTH. 353 de nostre consentement, et des ambaxeurs qui derreine- ment se sont retournez devers le roy, mon dit souve- rain seigneur, la fait bailler et delivrer a mon seigneur de Concressault, subgiect de mon dit souverain seigneur, pour icelle mener devers lui ou dit royaulme Descoce ; auquel monseigneur de Concressault nous et les dits ambaxeurs, par le povoir a nous donne par le roy notre dit seigneur, avons bailie la charge de la rece- voir, et par le povoir que dessus, et pour et ou nom du dit mon souverain seignur, nous en tenons pour contens. En tesmoing des quelles choses nous avons signe ces Date, presentes de notre main et fait seeler de notre seel, a Aigues Perse en Bourbonnoys, le xxjme. jour de Mars, lan mil quatre cens cinquante six. Votre 1 tres humble et obeyssant serviteur et chapi- laine, Levesque du Galoway . 2 our consent, and that of the ambassadors who have lately returned to the king, my said sovereign lord, has caused her to be given up and delivered to my lord de Concres- sault, the subject of my said sovereign lord, that he may convey her to him in the said realm of Scotland ; and to the said lord de Concressault we, and the said ambassadors, by virtue of the power to us given by the king our said lord, have granted the charge to receive her, and by the authority above named, and by and in the name of my said sovereign lord, we hold ourselves satisfied herein. In testimony of these things we have signed these pre- sents with our hand, and sealed them with our seal, at Aigues Perse, in the Bourbonnoys, the xxj. day of March, in the year One thousand four hundred and fifty-six. Your most humble and obedient servant and chaplain, The Bishop of Galoway. 1 This portion of the letter, to the end, is in the bishop’s handwriting. 8 A considerable portion of the seal remains. The letter, written VOL. I. upon a single leaf, has no endorse- ment or address. The watermark is a Catharine wheel. Z 354 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1457. Prohibition by Thomas Spence, bishop of Galloway, stating the reasons for preventing the departure from France into Scotland, of the princesses Joan and Annabel, the sisters of the king of Scotland . 1 A.D. 1457 . Thomas, evesque de Galloue, conseillier et ambax- Nov- 8 - adeur de mon souverain seigneur le roy Descoce es The bishop pais de France, certiffie a tous ceulx a qui il appar- reasons 16 Kendra

p 0 ur i es quelles choses accomplir, apres ce que le roy de France a fait mener et aconvoier mes dites dames par messire Guillaume de Monypeny, chevalier, seigneur de Concressault, son conseillier et chambellan, jusques quelles sont venues en ceste dicte ville de [Translation.] I, Thomas, bishop of Galloue, councillor and ambassador of my sovereign lord the king of Scotland in the country of France, make known to all those persons whom it shall concern, that some time ago, by the commandment of my said sovereign lord, I had charge to bring and conduct to him the most high and most powerful princesses, my ladies Johanne and Annable of Scotland, his sisters. For the accomplishment of which things the king of France after- wards caused my said ladies to he conveyed and conducted, by messire Guillaume de Monypeny, knight, lord de Con- cressault, his councillor and chamberlain, until their arrival in his said town of Harfleu to take shipping. At which 1 From the contemporary notarial copy contained in the Baluze MS. 9987-3, No. 42. HENRY THE SIXTH. 855 Harfleu pour faire leur passaige. Au quel lieu ont demoure longuement pour attendre seure et bonne compaignie, et tant y fut procede que mes dictes dames furent dedans le bort du navire pour faire leur diet passaige, et bonne et seure compaignie avecques eulx pour les conduire a certain nombre de navires. Mais neant moins, pour lindisposicion du temps, et les grans tormens qui survindrent depuis que mes dictes dames furent recueillies dedans le bort du dit navire, qui furent telz que la plus grosse nef de la compaignie et ung petit ballenjer, quavions achapte a conduire mes dictes dames, furent contrains acoupter leur maetz, et en tres grant peril de perdre et noyer, et aussi y eust pluseurs vesseaulx de pes- cheurs et autres, perilz, et grant nombre de gens noyez. Non obstans les quelles choses mes dites dames furent contrainctes de descendre a terre et revenir en la dite ville de Harfleu ; au quel lieu vin- drent par devers nous et le dit seigneur de Concres- sault, noble homme, Jacques de Clermont, escuier, bailli place they have tarried for a long time, waiting for a safe and good convoy, and so far had they proceeded that my said ladies were embarked onbord the ship to make their said passage, and there was good and safe convoy with them to escort them, together with a certain number of ships. But nevertheless, in consequence of the unfavour- ableness of the weather, and the great storms which have arisen since my said ladies have been received onbord the said ship, which were such that the largest ship in the company, and a little balinger (which we had purchased to accompany my said ladies), were compelled to cut away their masts, and were in very great danger of being lost and sunk, and so were many large vessels of fishermen and others in danger, and a great number of men were drowned. Notwithstanding which things, my said ladies were compelled to come on shore, and to return to the said town of Harfleu ; to which place there came to us and the said lord de Concressault, the noble man, Jacques de Cler- z 2 356 LETTERS AND PAPERS : de Caulx, Hector Duceetz, chevalier, seigneur de Long- nesse, Nicholas Baudier, lieutenant pour le roy en la dite ville de Harfleu ; avecques plusieurs maistres mariniers de mer et autres. Les quelz dirent quilz estoient tous subgectz et serviteurs du roy, et que tant pour lonneur de lui et de mon dit souverain seigneur, comme pour plusieurs inconveniences de tourmens et autres que se pourroient ensuivir, ilz ne conseilloient ne aprouvoient aucunement, se nous ne voulions perdre mes dites dames, a notre estient, que nullement nous passissions plus avant pour cest yver, car cestoit la plus dangereuse saison del annee. to forbid Pour les quelles choses dessus dites, moy aiant la kation oT" c ^ ar g e P ar mon ^ souverain seigneur et son the Scottish ambaxadeur pour icelle matiere, considere ce que dit arHarfleur es ^ na y v0 ^ u en aucune maniere que mes dites dames on their soient passees plus avant pour cest yver; et ay def- Scotland ^ enc ^ u commande expressement de par mon dit souverain seigneur, par vertu de mon pouvoir comme rnont, esquire, bailly of Caulx, Hector Duceetz, knight, lord de Longnesse, Nicholas Baudier, the king’s lieutenant in the said town of Harfleu, with many other master mari- ners of the sea and others. They affirmed that they were all the king’s subjects and servants, and that, as well for his honor and the honor of my said sovereign lord, as for other dangers which might arise from the storms and other occurrences which might follow, they could not by any means advise nor approve our intention (unless we wished that my said ladies should be lost), and that on no account should we proceed further for this winter, since it was the most dangerous period of the year. For these causes above mentioned, since I have been put in charge by my said sovereign lord, and am his ambassador in this matter, and taking into consideration what has been stated, I cannot by any means consent that my said ladies should advance further for this winter ; and upon the part of my said sovereign lord, by virtue of my authority as his said ambassador, I have forbidden it, and expressly com- HENRY THE SIXTH. 357 son dit ambaxadeur, au dit seigneur de Concressault que pour cest yver il ne passast plus avant ; et que pour signiffier les clioses dessus dites a mon dit souverain seigneur je me suis dispose daler par devers lui, a fin daviser quant ne comment mes dites dames passer on t. En tesmoing des quelles clioses dessus dictes jay D signe et fait seeler ces presentes de notre seel, le viij jour de Novembre, mil iiij c. lvij. De Reelhac. ( The notarial attestation then follows) Rolant. Collationne a loriginal, ou quel ce mot “ et ” estoit en glose, entre ces deux motz “ nous ” — “ le dit seigneur,” ( Dorso ) Copie du scelle de la defense faite a monsieur de Concressault par levesque de Galouy de mettre mes dames Descosse sur la mer. 1 manded the said lord de Concressault, that for this winter he proceed no further ; and that to make kuown to my said sovereign lord the facts above mentioned I have determined to proeeed to him, in order to deliberate when and how my said ladies shall cross over. In witness of the things above said I have signed and sealed these presents with our seal, the viij. day of November, One thousand iiij c. lvij. Rolant. Collated with the original, in which the word “et” was an interlineation between these two words “ nous” — “ le dit seigneur.” {Dorso.) Copy of the sealed instrument made to my lord de Concressault by the bishop of Galouy, forbidding the embarkation of my ladies of Scot- land. 1 A notarial copy on paper. The I rently an ox, with a cross between watermark is a quadruped, appa- | his horns 358 LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1458. Warrant for the payment of eighteen livres Tournois to Morice Doulcereau, for his expenses in attend- ing upon the English ambassadors . 1 A.D. 1458. Les generaulx conseillers du roy, notre seigneur, October 3i. gur f a y. e ^. g 0uve rnement fi e ses finances, a Jehan Warrant de Paris, commis en lellection de Gisors, a recevoir la ment to be porcion illec mise sus de loctroy des xxx. mille francs made for Tournois, fait au dit seigneur au mois de Juing der- a°safe^on- nier passe par les gens des trois estaz de Normandie, duct to the saluz. ambassa’ Nous vous mandons que, des deniers de votre dicte dors - recepte mis sus pour les frais oultre et pardessus le principal dicellui octroy, vous baillez et delivrez a Morice Doulcereau la somme de dix huit livres Tour- nois, que nous lui avons taxe et ordonnez par ces [Translation.] The general councillors of the king, our lord, respecting the business and management of his finances, to Jehan de Paris, commissioner in the division of Gisors, to receive the proportion thereupon fixed of the grant of thirty thousand francs Tournois, made to the said prince in the month of June last past by the people of the three estates of Normandy, greeting. We command you that, from the money in your said re- ceipt imposed for the expenses which are over and above the principal of that grant, you pay and deliver to Morice Doulcereau the sum of eighteen livres Tournois, which we have awarded and appointed to him by these presents, for 1 From tlie original in the Supplement Frany. 4770 (not paged). HENRY THE SIXTH. 359 presenter pour ung voyaige quil fait presentement partant de la ville de Rouen a Calays, pour porter ung saufconduit du roy a messeigneur Jehan Wanelok et messire Loys Galet, Anglois, estans au dit Calays, ou ailleurs ou quilz soient ; et aussi pour aider au dit Morice a avoir ung clieval, pour faire le dit voyage. Et par rapportant ces presentes, avecques quittance du dit Doulcereau de la dite somme de xviij. livres Toumois, icelle somme sera alloue en voz comptes, et rabatue de votre dit recepte par tout ou il apparten- dra, sans aucune difiiculte. Donne soubz noz signetz, le derenier jour Doctobre, Date. Ian mil, cccc. cinquante et huit. J. Leboursier. (Dorso.) En la presence de moy, Guillem le Picart, Receipt for notaire, et secretaire du roy notre seigneur, suni# Morice Doul a confesse avoir receu a journey which he is now making in going from the city of Rouen to Calays, to convey the king’s safe conduct to messeigneurs Jehan Wanelok and messire Loys Galet, Englishmen, who are at the said Calays, or elsewhere wherever they may be ; and also to help the said Morice in procuring a horse to make the said journey. And upon the production of these presents, together with the receipt of the said Doulcereau for the said sum of xviij. livres Tournois, that sum shall be allowed in your accounts, and entirely deducted from your said receipt where fitting, without any difficulty. Given under our signet, the last day of October, the year One thousand cccc. fifty and eight. J. Leboursier. (Dor so.) In the presence of me, Guillem le Picart. notary, and secretary of the king, our lord, Morice Doulc[ereau] acknowledges that he has received 3G0 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. de Jehan de Paris, nomine au blanc, la somme de dixliuit . . . . a lui tauxee et ordonne pour les causes contenus au dit blanc, de la quelle somme de le dit Doulcereau sest tenu pour content et bien paye, et en aquitte, et quitte le dit . . . . et tous autres. Tesmoing mon seign manuel cy mis a sa requeste, le premier de Novembre, lan mil, cccc. cinquante et huit. G. PlCART. of Jehan de Paris, named in the blanc, the sum of eighteen [livres Tournois], to him awarded and ordained, for the causes contained in the said blanc, for the which sum of [eighteen livres] the said Doulcereau holds himself satisfied and well paid and acquitted thereof ; and he acquits the said [Jehan de Paris] and all others. Witness my sign manual here placed at his request, the first [day] of November, the year One thou- sand cccc. fifty and eight. G. Pic art. HENRY THE SIXTH. 361 1458. News Letter addressed to the king of France from the court of the duke of Burgundy, giving an account of the negotiations which were in progress in that court by Wenlock, upon the part of the English, together with intelligence from England . 1 Des Nouvelles. Est vray qui les ainbassadeurs Dangleterre, estans A.D. 1458 . a la court de monseigneur de Bourgoigne, ont este No ™” ber * festiez bien, et grandement desfraiez de toute leur Wenlock’s despense, et fait donez honnourables et a eulx pour- [ng^on the fitables. Continent. Item, entre pluseurs overtures faites, tant par eulx comme aultres, a este pourparle des manages et ali~ ances, de la fille monsieur de Charolois, de deux altres, biles de Bourbon et de Gheiles, dune part, et des filz [Translation.] Some News. It is true that the ambassadors of England, being in the court of Monseigneur of Bourgoigne, have been well feasted and greatly reembursed for all their outlay, and honorable and profitable gifts have been made to them. Item, among many overtures made, as well by them as by others, there have been discussed certain marriages and alliances, of the daughter of Monsieur de Charolois, of two others, the daughters of Bourbon and of Gheiles, on the 1 From the original in the Baluze MS. 9675, D., fol. 34. 362 LETTERS AND PAPERS : du roy Dangleterre, da due Diork et du due de Som- breset. Item, sur ce pas ont este escriptes lettres par ma dame la duchesse aus dits roy et due contenants credence sur Wanelok, laquelle credence se dovoit envoier par ma dicte dame au diet Wanelok en dedens certain jour lors enscript, verifiee de sa main, pour lexposer aux dessus dit selon lintencion delle, et de ceulx de qui povoit elle use. Item, a cellui jour, ou environ, ma dicte dame fist escripre au dit Wanelok, lors estant a Kouen, que ob- stant aucunes doubtes que elle et aultres mettoient en sa commission, et quil ne traitast choses au contre des ouvertures faictes entre eulx, elle avoit deffense de non lui envoier par escript la dicte credence, et pour lors sen deporta. Item, le dit Wanelok retourne a Boulogne au dit one part, and of the son of the king of England, of the duke of York, and of the duke of Sombreset. Item, towards this end there have been written letters, by my lady the duchess, to the said king and duke, con- taining credence for Wanelok, which credence was to be sent by my said lady to the said Wanelok, within a certain day then written, verified by her hand, in order to instruct the persons aforesaid, according to her intention and the intention of those persons of whom she could make use. Item, on that day, or thereabouts, my said lady caused the said Wanelok, who was then at Kouen, to be written to, to the effect that some doubts had arisen, which she and others found in his commission, and in order that he should not treat of matters which were in opposition to the overtures made between them, she had forbidden the said credence to be sent to him in writing, and that for this time he should be gone. Item the said Wanelok, having returned to Boulogne HENRY THE SIXTH. 363 son compaignon, envoia quere lainy que scavez, et lui requist porter aucunes besongues a mon dit seigneur le due, et a ma dicte dame, dont lune partie il monstra et descouvry lors, qui contenoit ce que en- suit en substance. Cest assavoir; que tout le demene, ossi avant que signe a este par les deux ambassadeurs estans a Kouan, et ce qui fait avoit este entre eulx au maniere qui est mis par escript, a este envoie par coppie, avec aucuns articles et lettres closes, apart a monsieur le due et a madame. Et entre aucunes cboses y a este escript les over- tures des manages de la fille du roy, et au deliors des filles de monsieur Dorleans et monsieur du Maine pour les meismes princes Dangleterre, dont mention est faite cy dessus. Item, plus au dehors de la dicte coppie, que mon- seismeur le due, sur toutes les choses du monde que to liis said companion, sent to seek the friend, whom you know, and requested him to carry certain affairs to my said lord the duke, and to my said lady, one part of which he then shewed and exhibited, which contains that which follows in substance. That is to say, that all the device, as well that previously signed by the two ambassadors being at Rouan, as that which had been done between them in the manner which is put in writing, has been sent by copy, together with some articles and closed letters, separately to my lord the duke and to my lady. And among other things there have been written the overtures of the marriages of the king’s daughter, and, further, those of the daughters of monsieur Dorleans and monsieur du Maine, with the same princes of England, of whom mention is made above. Item [it is stated], further on in the said copy, that my ' lord the duke, above all things in the world which he 364 LETTERS AND PAPERS: plus desiroit, quil gardast et entretensist monsieur le daulphin, sans soy en desfier pour cliose quelzconques ; et pour pluseurs causes que lors ne voulu declairer de dit Wanelok, combien que fort en fust requis, etc. Item, ossi, au dehors de la dicte coppie estoit ung aultre article qui faisoifc mencion que ceulx de la partie de France desiroient beaucoup plus a avoir treves entre les deux royalmes, dont en icelle coppie en est aucune mencion faicte, que ne eut fait ne faisoient ceulx de la partie Dangleterre. Et sur ce point fut interroguie le dit Wanelok a savoir les causes pourquoy ; le quel respondi que cestoit a entendre que se les dites treves estoient prinses, le passage des Anglois seroit rompu de venir a layde de mon dit sire le due, se besoing et necessite lui en estoit pour guerre ou aultrement, au mains durant le temps des dites treves ; et que ce fut hardiment dit aux personnes de mon dit sire le due et de ma dicte dame. would most desire, should guard and keep monsieur the Dauphin, without doubting him therein in any matter whatsoever ; and this for many causes which the said Wanelok would not then disclose, although he was urgently requested so to do, etc. Item, moreover, further on the said copy was another article, which made mention that those of the party of France desired much more to have a truce between the two kingdoms, of which in this copy mention is made, than those of the party of England do, or did. And upon this point the said Wanelok was questioned in order to know the causes why ; who answered that its meaning was, that if the said truce was made, the passage of the English coming to the aid of my said lord the duke, would be interrupted, if he should have business or necessity for them for war or otherwise, at least during the time of the said truce ; and that this was boldly and personally said to my said lord the duke and my said lady. IIENRY THE SIXTH. 365 Item, ancoires au dehors de la dicte coppie y avoit ung autre cpii fiiisoit mencion que on lui avoit baillie ung heralt, nomme Maine, par le quel ceulx de France entendoient quil deust rescripre, lui venu en Angleterre, de la maniere et comment le roy, la royne et leur conseil les avoient receux ; avec une partie, se faire se povoit, des conclusions qui prinses seroient aprez leur raport fait ; et que anchois quele dit herault, ne nulz des ditz de France, en sceussent aucune chose, que mon dit sire le due en serroit adverti le primier ; et de ce se tensist seur. Pour cest article a este le dit Wanelok fort suspecte. Item, apres cestes clioses venues et exposes a mon dit sieur le due, il me voulu ouvrir les lettres en- voiees par le dit Wanelok a madame la duchesse, et les envoia par le porteur avec le gouvemeur de Lille, nomme messire Baudin Donguies, au Quesnoy le Coure en Henault. Laquelle les ouvrey ; et icelles Item, yet further on in the said copy there was another [article] which made mention that a herald had been assigned to him, named Maine, by whom those of France understood that he would write, when he had come into England, of the manner and how the king, the queen, and their council had received them ; together with a copy, if it were possible to do so, of the conclusions which should be arrived at, after their report made ; and that, before the said herald, or any of the said party of France could know anything thereof, my said lord the duke should be informed thereof the first ; and of this he might hold himself sure. For this article the said Wanelok has been much suspected. Item, after these things brought and related to my said lord the duke, he wished me to open the letters sent by the said Wanelok to my lady the duchess, and he sent them by the bearer, with the governor of Lille, named messire Baudin Donguies, to Quesnoy le Coure in Henault. The duchess opened them ; and having perused them, 306 LETTERS AND PAPERS : entendues, rescripsy au dit Wanelok comment elle avoit recen ses lettres et tout bien entendu ; elle noseroit escripre sa voulente au dit roy Dangleterre et due Diork, comme promis avoit, pour doubte quelle et aultres (sans nulz nommer) avoient que chose, par lui et ceulx avec qui il avoit converse, neussent este traictees ou pourparlees toutes contraires a sa voulente, qui ne seroit honneur a monseigneur ne a celle, sainsy estoit trouve ; et quil fut seur et certifiast par tout ou il appertiend, que quant les dessus dits vouldroient entendre aus dits ouvertures et envoier personnes habilles a conduire telz matieres, mon dit seigneur et elle seroient et demouroient en tout cel estat quil les avoit laissiez, prestz dentendre a toutes bonnes conclusions. Mais de present ne satendist point davoir aultre credence, tant quelle seroit acer- tenee de la voulente des dits roy et due Diork ; et she answered the said Wanelok that she had received his letters and comprehended them perfectly well ; that she did not dare to write her will to the said king of England and the duke of York, as she had promised, in consequence of the fear which she and others (without mentioning any names) had that the alfair should he treated and discussed by him, and those persons with whom he had conversed, clean contrary to her pleasure, which would be no honour either to my lord, or herself, if so it were found to be ; and that he was sure, and assured all those whom it might concern, that when the persons above-mentioned would give heed to the said overtures, and send persons qualified to conduct such matters, my said lord and she would be, and would continue to be, entirely in the estate in which he had left them, ready to give attention to all good conclu- sions. But that at present he should not wait to have another credence, until she should be certified of the plea- sure of the said king and duke of York ; and letters, the HENRY THE SIXTH. 3G7 sont ces lettres en celle meismes substance envoiees en Angleterre, et nulles aultres. ^ Item, quant a la descente des dits Wanelok et Galet en Angleterre, trop longue chose seroit en escripre. Mais en brief, ilz ont tout esmeu la coste depuis le north jusquos a west, disans que larmee de h ranee se preparoit de y venir a puissance ; et a ce faire y sont commis, avec grant nombre de gens de guene, larcevesque de Cantorbie, le sire de Rieveres, et sir Girvais Clifton. A leur venue devers le roy ny avoit que nulz State of seigneurs, sy non le due de Boquinghan, le conte de ™ Cyrosbery, grant tresourier Dangleterre, le sieur le " g ' Roosce, et aucuns evesques. Et sest le parlement (qui siet iiij. fois lan) leve devant les jours acoustumes par ung conteuc qui sest esmeu entre le due Dexstre et les gens de la loy, que on nomme les Juges Dangle- terre ; le quel due en print lun diceulx au palais de same in substance to these, are sent into England, and no others. Item, as to the descent of the said Wanelok and Galet, into England, it would be too long a matter to write about. But, in short, they have entirely raised the coast from the north to the west, saying that the army of France was prepared to come thither in force ; and to do this, there are commissioned, with a great number of soldiers, the archbishop of Canterbury, the lord of Rieveres, and Sir Girvais Clifton. At their coming to the king, he had no lords excej)ting the duke of Boquinghan, the earl of Cyrosbery, the great treasurer of England, the lord de Roosce, and certain bishops. And the parliament (which sits four times in the year) has risen before the usual time, in consequence of a dispute which has sprung up between the duke of Exeter and the lawyers, who are called the Judges of Eng- land ; the said duke having seized one of them in the 368 LETTERS AND PAPERS : Westmoutre, le bouta en sa barge, et emmena en la Tour de Londres. Et ceste cause, et ce qui sen est ensievy, nont fait ne fient que ilz avoient loy ne juge- ment en Angleterre, tant que le dit due aura repare le mesfait. Lambax de nostre saint pere y est, et proposa ung chevalier de Constanti noble devant le dit roy bien et lionnourable, comme la renommee est, a trois fins, lune pour la foy, le ij. pour la paix entre les Christians, le iij. pour tous dun commun accord secourir a icelle foy et retourer les infidles ; et lui a este donne jour de respondre au xij e . jour de ce mois. Et a le dit cheva- lier fut parle comment sy poy de seigneurs estoient a la court du dit roy alors quil proposa, veu la re- nommee que diceulx et du royaume avoit oy declarer. Item, est renommee C[ue se le grant parliament du roy se fut tenu ainsi quil avoit este propose, le palace of Westminster, thrust him into his barge and put him in the Tower of London. And in consequence of this event, and of what followed thereupon, they have not, and cannot have law nor judgment in England, until the said duke shall have repaired the misdeed. The embassy of our holy father is here, and a knight of Constantinoble has made a discourse before the said king, well and honourably, as the report goes, to three ends ; the one for the faith, the second for peace among Christians, the third that all, by one common assent, should succour the faith, and drive back the infidels ; and the twelfth day of this month has been appointed as that on which he will receive his answer. And it has been remarked to the said knight how very few of the lords were at the court of the said king, when he made his discourse, considering the reputation which he had heard declared of them and of the kingdom. Item, it is reported that if the great parliament of the king had been held as it had been proposed, the earl of HENRY THE SIXTH. SG9 conte de Warwic eust este deapointie du gouvernement de Calais, et est ce tout notoire ; et ainsi il lentend. Et au contre, il a declare publiquement que pour abandonner toutes ses terres, et ce quil a eii Angle- terre, il ne rendera Calais devan t le temps a lui or- donne, et puis qui est de ix. ans, dont il na fait que trois ; et desire soy trouver devers mon dit seigneur le due, ce que brief sera, par les moiens que sont dreschiez. 1 Warwic would have been disappointed of the government of Calais, and this is quite notorious ; and so he under- stands it. And on the other hand, he has declared pub- licly, that to abandon all his lands, and whatever he has in England, he will not give up Calais before the time ap- pointed to him, and that it is still for nine years, whereof only three have expired ; and he desires to visit my said lord the duke, which will shortly come to pass, by the means which are employed. 1 This document is written, in a very illegible hand, upon a single leaf of paper. The watermark is a shield bearing, quarterly, first and fourth, three fleurs de lys, second and third, a dolphin. VOL. I. A A 370 LETTERS AND PAPERS ; A.D. 1459, Jan. 15. Narrative of the pre- liminaries to the meeting. 1459. Report, by Sir John Wenlock, of certain proceedings with the French Commissioners; together with the reply of Charles the Seventh, king of France, to the suggestions submitted by them to him for his consideration . 1 COPPIE DES ECRITZ DONT WANELOK ENVOIA LE DOUBLE A MONSEIGNEUR DE BOURGOIGNE. En la communicacion faicte a Rouen ou mois de Decembre, mil, iiij. c. lviij., pour le bien de tres haulx, tres puissans et tres excellens princes, les oncle et nepveu, et de leurs royaumes de France et Dangle- terre, par tres reverend pere en Dieu, Loys de Har- court, arcevesque de Narbonne, conseilleur, Pierre de Breze, comte de Maulevrier, grant seneschal de Nor- mandie, et Jelian le Boursier, seigneur de Stemay [Translation.] A COPY OF TIIE WRITINGS OF WniCH WANELOK SENT TIIF. DUPLICATE TO MONSEIGNEUR OF BOURGOIGNE. In the communication made at Rouen in the month of December, one thousand iiij. c. lviij. for the advantage of the most high, most powerful and most excellent princes, the uncle and nephew, and of their kingdoms of France and England, by the most reverend father in God, Loys de Harcourt, archbishop of Narbonne, councillor, Pierre de Breze, count de Maulevrier, grand seneschal of Normandy, and Jelian le Boursier, seigneur de Sternay, knights, in 1 From tlm original in the Baluze MS. 7675. B. fol. 130. HENRY THE SIXTH. 371 chevaliers, pareillement conseilleurs et chambellans du roy de France, a ce commis et deputes depar luy, et Jehan Wanelok, seigneur de Sommoris, chevalier, raaistre Loys Galet, conseilleurs du roy Dangleterre, de sa part, aussy comme deputes et pour ce venus au dit lieu de Rouan. Et premierement ; a este proteste, tant de lune The pro- part que de lautre, avant quilz procedassent plus ^ e t ^“ gs avant, que quelque chose qui fut dite en la dite meeting, communicacion ne prejudicieroit ne lieroit aucune des dits princes a faire ou tenir quelque ouverture qui y fut faite, se bon ne leur sembloit ; et quilz estoient la assembles pour tout bien, et useroient lun envers lautre de bonne amour et equite, sans quelque fiction. Item ; et ce faire fut dit et communiquie par entre eulx, que en plusieurs terres et seigneuries des Chris- tiens y avoit de grans troubles et divisions, par quoy les inescreans y avoient fait, et faisont, de grans like manner councillors and chamberlains of the king of France, commissioned and deputed by him thereto, and Jehan Wanelok, lord of Sommoris, knight, master Loys Galet, councillors of the king of England, upon his part, in like manner deputed by him, and who for this purpose have come into the said place of Rouan. And in the first place ; protestation was made, as well upon the one part as the other, before they should advance further, that, what matter soever should be spoken in the said communication should not prejudice nor bind either of the said princes to do or hold any overture which should there be made, if it did not appear good unto them ; and that they were there assembled only for good, and would con- duct themselves, the one towards the other, in good love and equity, without any unfair dealing. Item ; and to do this, it was stated and communicated among them, that in many Christian lands and lordships there have been great troubles and divisions, in consequence of which the unbelievers have there committed, and are com- A A 2 372 LETTERS AND PAPERS : griefz et dommaiges, et seroient ancoires plus, se remede ny estoit briefment mis. Et dautre part, y avoit de tres grans maulx et dommaiges fais et portes chacun jour, tant par terre que par mer, sur les hommes et subgiez des royaumes de France et Dangle- terre. Parquoy convenable chose sembloit estre [et] tres necessaire daviser sil estoit maniere quelconque de y trouver quelque voie dapointement, tant pour evitier lefusion du sang humain et les aultres orribles maulx qui de la guerre des deux royaumes sestoient enssieuys et povoient ensieuir, que ossi pour secourir et aidier dun commun acord au bien de la foy et de la Christienete. Item ; et sur ce fut dit que forte chose et trop difficile seroit de trouver la dite voie dapointement se les coeurs des dits princes ny estoient entiere- ment disposes ; a quoy fut au respondre, tant par les ungs que par les autres des dits ambassadeurs, quilz mitting, great evils and mischiefs, and will commit yet more, unless a remedy be speedily applied thereto. And on the other hand, very great evils and losses have been daily committed and inflicted, as well by land as by sea, upon the people and subjects of the kingdoms of France and England. Wherefore it appeared to be a thing which was very fitting and very necessary to be deliberated upon, whether there were any means by which some way might be discovered for an arrangement whereby to avoid as well the spilling of human blood and the other horrible evils which have fol- lowed and must follow the wars of the two kingdoms, as also to aid and assist, by one common accord, the good of the faith and of Christianity. Item ; and hereupon it was said that it would be a hard matter and exceedingly difficult to find the said way of agreement, if the hearts of the said princes were not fully inclined thereto ; to which it was answered, as well by the one party as the other of the said ambassadors, that HENltY THE SIXTH. 373 creorient fermement en leurs consciences que les dits princes avoient bon desir au bien dicelle paix par tous les bons moiens, lionnourables et raisonnables, qui se pourient trouver. Item ; ce fait fat ouvrir par aucuns des dessus dits, que en chacun des dits royaumes y avoit de grans princes et princesses qui estoient a marier ; et que sembloit que qui en poivoit faire les manages, ou daucune diceulx, ce poiroit meulx aidier a icellui bien de paix final. Item ; de ce propos furent nommes aucuns des filz et lilies des dits princes et seigneurs, tant dune part que dautre ; les quelz, se cest le plaisir des dits deux rois et princes, de les savoir par leurs arnbas- sadeuxs et commis que leur sera clit. Et quant a besongner au fait dicelle paix, trop dilicille cliose et comme impossible estoit que pre- mierement entre les parties ne fussent accordees they firmly believed in their consciences that the said princes had a true desire for the advancement of the said peace, by all means which were good, honorable and rea- sonable which could be discovered. Item ; this way was suggested by some of the persons above said, that in each of the said kingdoms there were great princes and princesses to be married ; and that apparently, he who could arrange these marriages, or any of them, that person would help most effectually to further this advantage of a final peace. Item ; with this object, certain of the sons and daughters of the said princes and lords were named, as well upon the one side as upon the other ; who, if this were the pleasure of the said two kings and princes, should be informed by the said ambassadors and commissioners of what shall be stated to them. And as relates to the management of this peace, it would be an exceedingly difficult matter and almost impossible, unless, in the first place, a certain truce were agreed upon, 374 - letters AND PAPERS: Charles’s remarks upon these sugges- tions. aucunes treuves de ung, deux, ou trois ans, ou autre temps, plus long ou plus court, a la voulente des dits princes. Apres la quelle communicacion ainsi faite, comme dessus est escript, et icelle rapportee par le dit arce- vesque de Narbonne 1 au rov de France, pour en scavoir son bon vouloir et plaisir, le xv. jour de Januier ensuivant a este par les dits arcevesque de Narbonne, comte de Maulevrier et sire de Sternay, par lordonnance du dit roy, respondu sur la dite convencion ce qui senssuit. Et premierement ; pour lonneur et reverence de Dieu, notre Createur, Pere de paix, et en ensuivant lamonestement de notre saint pere le pappe, qui par ses deux legas, les cardinaux Destouteville et Da- for one, two, or three years, or some other period, be it longer or shorter, according to the pleasure of the said princes. After this communication thus made, as has been written above, and it had been reported by the said archbishop of Narbonne to the king of ‘France, in order to ascertain his good will and pleasure therein, on the xv. day of January following the answer to the said convention was made as follows by the said archbishop of Narbonne, the count de Maulevrier, and the sire de Sternay, by the com- mand of the said king. And in the first place ; for the honor and reverence of God, our Creator, the Father of peace, and in following the admonition of our holy father the pope, who by his two legates, the cardinals Destouteville and Davignon, has Aarionne] fterbanne, MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 375 vignon, aultres fois tout exorte, pour le grant proximite de lignage qui est entre lui et son nep- veu le roy Dnngleterre, pour evitier le grant effu- sion de sang liumain et aultrez grans maulx in- numerables qui chacrni jour adviennent, et porroient imcoires advenir, tant a lun royaume que a lautre, a locasion de la guerre. Et ossi pour tant dun commun accord et consentement aidir et secourir au fait de la foy et de la Christiente, que de jour et jour est grevee par le Turq, ennemy dicelle, il est content et dacord par toutes bonnes, honnourables, licites, et raisonnables voies, de entendre au bien de la paix final ; et de present a, et a eu le temps passe, tousjours celle vou- lente, commc il a dit, et fait dire, aus dits deux legas de notre saint pere. Item, et quant a louverture faite pour parvenir au dit bien de paix final par le moien des manages de la fille du roy et dautres enffans des princes de ce already exhorted him — out of regard to the near proximity of the relationship which is between him and his nephew the king of England — to avoid the great effusion of human blood and the other innumerable and great mis- chiefs which happen daily, and will still occur, as well to the one realm as to the other, by occasion of the war. However, by one common accord and agreement to aid and succour the faith and Christianity, which from day to day is aggrieved by its enemy the Turk, he is willing and assenting, by all good, honorable, lawful and reasonable means, to labour for the blessing of a final peace ; and at present he has, and has always had, this inclination in times past, as lie has stated to the two legates of our holy Father, and has caused them to be informed of the same. Item ; and as regards the overture made to attain the said benefit of a final peace by the means of the marriages of the king’s daughter and the other children of the princes of 376 LETTERS AND PAPERS : royaume avec ceulx Dangleterre, le roy congnoist bien que ce soit moiens tres convenables pour parvenir au bien de paix final, et dicelle mieulx entretenir. Et pour ce, quant le roy verra la matiere bien dispose a la dite paix final, il y entendra voulentiers de sa part. Et quant aux trieues dun an, deux, trois, ou plus longues ou plus courtes, a la voulente des deux ro} r s, pose que ceste matiere de primier face a semble ung poy estrange au roy pour plusieurs raisons bien grandes, toutes voies, a fin que len ne die pas quil veulle fouyr et eslonger les moiens de venir a la paix final, quant il verra gens qui auront desir, vouloir et pouvoir icelle paix trouver et traictier, il ne refusera nulz moiens raisonnables de parvenir a icelle, mais de tout son povoir y entendra tellement que le saint siege appostolique, qui exorte, comme dit est, le roy a la dite paix, et exorte continuelement ung chacun, pourra this realm with those of England, the king is well aware that this is a very proper mode of attaining the advantage of a final peace, and for its better continuance. And therefore, whenever tho king shall see the matter in a good train towards the said final peace, he, upon his part, will give attention thereto very willingly. And as regards the truce of one year, two, three, or a longer or shorter period, at the pleasure of the two kings, admitting that at the first glance the matter appears somewhat strange to the king for many and very grave reasons, nevertheless, that it may uot be said that his wish is to thwart and prolong the means for arriving at a final peace, when he shall see persons who have the desire, the will and the power to propose and treat of such a peace, he will refuse no reasonable means of at- taining it, but with all his ability he will give heed thereto in such wise that the holy apostolic see, which, as has been stated, has exhorted the king to the said HENRY THE SIXTH. 377 veoir et congnoistre la grande ct bonne affection quil a au dit bien de paix final. Et celle response ainsi faite, fat dit par les dits The Eng- seigneurs de Sommeris et maistrc Loys Galet quiiz lls . h p 0111 ' n J 1 missioners sen retourneroient et reporteroient au roy Dangleterre return toutes les clioses dessus dits, pour pareillement en honic - scavoir son bon plaisir et vouloir, a fin den advertir le roy son oncle, pour au surplus pour les deux roys y estre fait ainsi quiiz verroient bon estre et brief . 1 pcucc, and continually exhorts each, may perceive and understand the great and good affection which he has to- wards the said blessing of a final peace. And this answer being thus made, the said lords of Sommeris and master Loys Galet said that they would return and report to the king of England all the matters mentioned above, in order, in like manner, to know his good pleasure and wish herein, so as to inform the king his uncle of the same, that finally the two kings should act as to them shall seem good and expeditious. 1 This document is written upon i with three flours de lys, two and a single leaf of paper, the water- I one. mark of which is a shield charged i SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS ILLUSTRATIVE OF TIIL REIGN OF KING HENRY THE SIXTH. ■ SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE REIGN OF KING HENRY THE SIXTH, TRANSCRIBED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES IN ENGLAND. 1422. Mandate for the payment of a monthly allowance to Jacqueline, countess of Holland. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy d’Engleterre, heriter du roiaume de France, et seigneur dTrlande, as tresorer et chamberleins de notre Eschequier, saluz. Come notre tres redoubte seigneur et piere le roy (qui Dieu pardoint !) eust graimte a notre tres chere cousine la duchesse Jaque Baviere, countesse de Hay- naue, Hollande et Zellande etc. pur les expenses de [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England, heir to the kingdom of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and chamberlains of our Exchequer, greeting. As our very redouted lord and father the king (whom God pardon !) had granted to our very dear cousin the duchess Jaque Baviere, countess of Hainault, Hollande and Zellande, etc., for the expenses of her household during A.D. 1422. October 2. The king renews the grant of one hun- dredpounds a month to the countess Jacqueline of Holland. 382 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. soun h oust el, durant sa demeure en Engle terre, a ses coustages , 1 cent livres a rescevoirs chacun moys des Kalendars par les mains des 2 tresorer et chamber- leins de soun Eschequier pur le temps esteans, nous, de lavis et assent de notre consail, veullans ratifier, perfourner et accomplir tout ce que par notre dit seigneur et piere a este fait et grauntee au dicte notre cousine es choses premises, vous chargeons es- troitement que, depuis le trespassement du notre dit seigneur et piere, et continuelment encea, vous facez paier a notre dite cousine, ou a soun deputee, les dites cent livres ainsi a elle par luy pour le moys graunteez, et par nous confermez, come est devaunt, et ainsi de moys en moys, tanque vous eiez aultre commandement de par nous. Donne souz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le seconde jour (TOctobre, lan de notre regne primer. (Dorso.) Ducissa Holandiae. her residence in England, at his costs, one hundred pounds, to be received each calendar month by the hands of the treasurer and chamberlains of his exchequer for the time being, we, by the advice and consent of our council, wishing to ratify, perform, and accomplish all that by our said lord and father has been done and granted to our said cousin in the matters premised, strictly charge you that, since the death of our said lord and father, and continually from then, you cause to be paid to our said cousin, or to her deputy, the said hundred pounds thus granted to her by him for the month, and by us confirmed, as is aforesaid, and thus from month to month, until you may have other commandment from us. Given under our Privy Seal, at Westminstre, the second day of October, the first year of our reign. ( Dorso .) Ducissa Hollandiae. 1 A ses coustages ] An interlinea- 1 3 Des] Added, between the lines, tion. HENRY THE SIXTH. 383 1423 . Mandate for the payment of arrears due to the duke of Bavaria. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy d’Engleterre et de A.D. 1423. France, et seigneur dTrlande, as tresorier et chamber- J ao * 2 < leins de notre Eschequier, saluz. Mandate Nous volons, de lavis et assent de notre conseil, et payment of vous mandons que vous facez paier au due Lowys de one thou- Baviere mille marcs, lui esteant a deriere dune annui- to the tee a lui grauntee par notre tres chier seigneur et duke piere le roy (qi Dieux assoille !), apprendre a soun Eschequiere. Donne souz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le Date, seconde jour de Januere, lan de notre regne primer. ifiorso .) Dux Baviarim. [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and chamber- lains of our Exchequer, greeting. We will, by the advice and assent of our council, and wo command you, that you cause to be paid to the duke Lowys of Baviere, a thousand marks, which are in arrear to him of an annuity granted to him by our very dear lord and father, the king (whom God assoil !), to be received at his Exchequer. Dated under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the second day of January, in the first year of our reign. 384 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1423. Feb. 21. Mandate respecting the esti- mate for the charges of the royal wardrobe, and for the payment of expenses already incurred. 1423 . Mandate respecting the estimate for the charges of the Great Wardrobe during the ensuing year. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy d’Engleterre et de France, et seignur d’lrlande, as tresorer et cham- berlains de notre Exchequer, saluz. Nous yous envoions closes deinz cestes une cedule dun appoinctement accorde par notre conseil touchans et concernentz per estimacion les charges de notre Grand Garderobe pour lan prochain venant, sibien des choses a estre pourvoiees et achatees par notre bien ame clerc Robert Rollestone, gardein, et clercs de notre dite Garderobe, comme des sommes de deniers par lui a estre paiees a cause de soun dit office; les charges de nous mesmes et des gages du gardein et clercs de notre dite garderobe accontez. Si volons, de ladvis de notre dit conseil, et vous man- [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and chamber- lains of onr Exchequer, greeting. We send you enclosed herein a schedule of an estimate approved by our council, touching and concerning, by esti- mation, the charges of our Great Wardrobe for the year next coming, as -well of the things to be provided and pur- chased by our well beloved clerk Robert Rollestone, keeper, and the clerks of our said Wardrobe, as also of the sums of money by him to be paid by virtue of his said office ; the charges of ourselves and the wages of the keeper and the clerks of the said Wardrobe included. Where- fore we will, by the advice of our said council, and we HENRY THE SIXTH. 385 dons, que *a notre dit clerc facez vii J' valettorum custodum de arras regis ad vj. d. per diem, viij. valet- torum custodum lecti infra Turrim London^ ad vj ,1 pei d.em ynj. garcionum sub ipso existentium ad • 4 per them, et viij. portitorum garderoba, regis ad ,UJ ‘ * P er dlen »- Summa, Ixv. ii. vi j. 5 .°xj. a . , , umma vadiorum valettorum et . 1423, France, et seignur dTrlande, as tresourer et chant- Jul y 12 « berleins de notre Eschequier, saluz. Nous volons, de lavis et assent de notre conseil, et Warrant vous mandons, que pour les costages et expenses sibien forthepay- du Bastard de Burbon, liquel ad este en la garde de notre elder et foial chevaler Johan Pelham per deux of the bas- ans et demy ia passez, come pur les coustages et ex- Bourbon, penses de Johan Mortymer, chivaler, esteant auxi^Sh en la garde du dit Johan Pelham du vynt et noe- timer, fisme jour de May, lan du regne de notre tres chere seignur et pere le roy (qui Dieux assoille !) disme, 1 [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and cham- berlains of our Exchequer, greeting. We will,' by the advice and assent of our council, and we command you, that for the costs and expenses as well of the Bastard of Bourbon, who has been in the custody of our dear and faithful knight, John Pelham, for two years and a half last past, as also for the costs and ex- penses of John Mortymer, knight, being likewise in the keeping of the said John Pelham from the twenty- ninth day of May, in the tenth year of the reign of our most dear lord and father the king (whom God pardon !) until Dime] Namely, from 29 May, 1422, to 30 June, 1423, 398 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. tanque an darrein jour de Juyn darrein passez, facez paier a lavant dit Johan Pelham, cest assay oir, pur le dit Bastarde, chaeune semaigne, vynt et sys souldz et oyt deniers, et pur le dit Johan Mortymer, pur chacune semaigne, vynt et sept souldz et oyt deniers, durantz les temps dessus dit. Donne souz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le xij. jour de Juylle, lan de notre regne primer. A xxix. die Maii, anno x°. usque ultimum diem Junii, anno primo, scilicet per unum annum et xxxij. dies, faciunt Ivj. septimanas. 1 (Dorso.) Johannes Pelham. Summa pro Bastardo pro cxxx. septimanis clxxiij. li. vj. s. viij. d. Summa pro J. Mortymer, per lvj. septimanas lxxvij. li, ix. 3. iiij. d. Summa ccl. li. xvj. s. Inde recepit xv. die Novembris, anno secundo xl. li. Item, vij. die Februarii, eodem anno xx. li, Persolutum v die Junii, 2 anno secundo. the last day of June last past, you cause payment to he made to the aforesaid John Pelham, that is to say, for the said Bastard for each week twenty and six shillings and eight pence, and for the said John Mortymer, for each week, twenty and seven shillings and eight pence, during the time ahovesaid. Dated, under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the xij. day of July, in the first year of our reign. 'A . . . septimanas ] Written in a 2 Junii] Originally “ viij. die minute hand, at the bottom of the Maii.” instrument. HENRY THE SIXTH. 399 1424. The king remits the fine and fee due to the Great O Seal upon the naturalization of Anne, the wife of John, duke of Bedford. Henri, etc., a notre ame clerc Henri Kays, gardein a.d. 1424. del Haneper en notre chauncellerie, saluz. Febj20. Nous volons, de ladvis et assent de notre counseil, Mandate et vous mandons, que noz lettres desouz notre Grande fo V t ! ie re ; ’ 1 < mission 01 Seal, en votre garde esteantes en dit Haneper, par the fine due les quelles nous avons grante a notre tres chiere et ^p^ e t ^ ns tres amee cousine Anne, compaigne a notre tres chier grant of uncle Johan, due de Bedforde, qele soit tenue et tretee naJuraliza- en touz pointz come un denizeine nee deinz notre tion to roiaume d'Engleterre, sicome par noz dites lettres ap- duchess of paroir vous purra plus au plein, facez liverer, quitz Bedford, du fin et fee de notre Grand Seal que a nous ent appartient. Et volons, etc. (Dor so.) xx. die Fehruarii, anno secundo, apud Westmonasterium, concessum est quod fiat [Translation.] Henry, etc., to our wellbeloved clerk, Henry Kays, warden of the Haneper in our chancery, greeting. We will, by the advice and consent of our council, and we command you that you cause to be delivered, free of the fine and fee of our Great Seal which to us there- upon belongs, our letters under our Great Seal, being in your custody in the said Haneper, by the which we have granted to our very dear and wellbeloved cousin, Anne, the wife of our very dear uncle John, duke of Bedforde, that she should be held and treated in all points as a denizen born within our said realm of England, as by our said letters may appear to you more fully. And we will, etc. * 400 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: A.D. 1426. Jan. 14. Writ for the au- diting of the present account. warantum pro domina ducissa Bedefordiae, secundum formam et tenorem infrascriptos ; praesentibus dominis duce Gloucestriae, archi- episcopo Cantuariae ; Wintoniae, Norwici et Wygorniae episcopis ; comite Warrwici, Corne- welle, Hungerford, Fits Hughe ; cancellario, thesaurario, et custode Privati Sigilli. 1426. Account of the expenses incurred by the king upon the visit into England of First President of the Parliament of Paris and others. COMPOTUS Johannis Evertone, clerici, nuper assignati per venerabilem in Christo patrem, Johannem episco- pum Bathoniae, nuper thesaurarium Angliae, ad ordi- nandum et providendum pro expensis del Primer Pre- sident de Parys, sir Giles Clemency, et magistri Johannis Reyvelle, tempore quo fuerunt infra regnum Anglic, per breve regis de Privato Sigillo suo, datum xvj. die Maii, 1 anno quarto regis Henrici Sexti, baro- nibus et camerariis hujus Scaccarii directum, irrotula- tum in Memorandis de dicto anno quarto inter brevia directa baronibus, de termino Sanctae Trinitatis eodem anno, rotulo primo, ex parte Rememoratoris regis ; in quo quidem brevi, inter caetera, continetur, quod rex, de avisamento et assensu concilii sui, mandavit prae- fatis thesaurario et baronibus quod debite computent cum praefato Johanne Evertone, nuper assignato per HENRY TnE SIXTH. 401 praefatum episcopum Bathoniae, nuper thesaurarium Anglia?, pro custibus del Primer President de Parys, sir Giles Clemency, et magistri Joliannis Reyvelle, servientium et equorum suorum, pro tempore quo fuc- runt infra regnum Angliae, per sacramentum suum, tarn de quibuscumque victualibus quam de cariagiis, batellagiis, portagiis, expensis, et aliis rebus necessariis pro eisdem, tarn infra civitatem Londoniae quam alibi infra regnum Anglia?, simul cum vadiis officiariorum hospitii regis existentium et attendentium circa perso- nas praedictas extra hospitium regis praedicti, a xiiij. die Januarii, dicto anno quarto regis pra?dicti, usque xx. diem Martii tunc proximo sequentem, scilicet, ]>er lxvj. dies, utroque die computato ; faciendo etiam Jolmnni Evertone debitam allocationem in hac parte, per sacramentum suum tarn de quibuscumque victuali- bus, cariagiis, portagiis, batillagiis, expensis, et aliis rebus supradictis, quam de vadiis officiariorum prae- dictorum, secundum illud quod ordo compoti exigit et requirit. Et de eo quod per dictum compotum praefato Johanni Evertone rationabiliter invenitur fore debitum, aut creditoribus suis, pro tempore praefato, praefati tliesaurarius ct camerarii eidem Johanni solutionem habere faciant, seu sufficientem assignationem, prout ratio est ; videlicet, tarn de denariis per ipsum receptis, quam de misis, custibus et expensis, ut infra. Recepta Scaccarii. Idem reddit compotum de iiij xx . vj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. per ipsum receptis de thesaurario et camerariis ad Receptum Scaccarii termino Michaelis, dicto anno quarto regis Henrici vj., videlicet, xiiij. die Januarii, xxvj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. ; sexto die Februarii xx. li., et iiij. die Martii, tarn per manus proprias quam per manus aliorum ad diversas [vices] xl. li. super ex- pensis dictorum extraneorum Franciae ; sicut continetur VOL. i. c c The ac- countant’s receipts 402 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : and ex- penses. in Pelle Memorandorum ad eandem Receptam de eis- dem termino et anno, et sicut continetur in quodam rotulo ipsius Johannis de particulis hie in Thesauro liberato. Et de xliiij. Ii. xij. s. j. d. debitis diversis homini- bus, tam pro vinis, cerevisia, carne bourn, multorum, vitulorum, speciebus, foeno, littera, avena, et aliis rebus necessariis, emptis et provisis pro expensis extraneorum prsedictorum et expenditis, nondum solutis, quam pro deterioratione napperise sure, lecti, et vessellamentorum suorum per tempus prredictum, unde prsedictus com- putans habet allocationem inferius, quam creditorum nomina, cum summis eis singillatim debitis, sicut in quadam scedula 1 ipsius computantis super liunc com- potum liberata plenius annotantur. Summa receptre Scaccarii, cum creditoribus, cxxxj. ii. v. s. v. d. De quibus Expense. Idem computat in pane, vino, cerevisia, carnibus bourn, ovium, agnorum, piscibus salsis et recentibus, speciebus, foeno, littera, avena, focali, et aliis rebus necessariis emptis et provisis pro expensis extraneorum priedictorum, tam infra civitatem Londonire quam ex- tra, per tempus prredictum, cxxiiij. ii. xij. s. viij. d., per breve regis prredictum supra in titulo hujus com- poti annotatum, ac per sacramentum ipsius Johannis, sicut continetur in quodam rotulo de particulis hie in thesauro liberato, ubi singulorum liominum nomina cum diversis hujusmodi victualibus ab eis emptis, particulariter declarantur et singillatim annotantur. 1 Scedula ] This schedule, as well sought for, but cannot now be dis- as the “ Rotulus de Particulis,” covered, presently referred to, have been HENRY TIIE SIXTH. 403 Et in vadiis prmdicti Johannis Ever tone, clerici, ad vij. d. ob., Ricardi Stanes, Willelmi Fisshelake, et Wil- lelmi Welles, valettorum hospitii prsedicti regis, qui- libet ad iij. d. per diem, existentium et attendentium circa personas prsedictas extra hpspitium prsedicti regis per tempus prsedictum iiij. li. x. 3. ix. d. per breve regis prsedictum, sicut continetur in dicto rotulo de particulis. Summa totalis solutionis et expensarum, cxxix. li. iij. 3. v. d. Et debet xlij. s. Et respondit in Rotulo iiij. in Residuo Norhamp- toniae. 1428. Account of the receipts and expenses of Thomas, earl of Salisbury, in the French wars. De receptis, vadiis, regardis, custibus et ex- PENSIS FACTIS IN QUODAM VIAGIO VERSUS PARTES FRANCIAE, AB ULTIMO DIE JUNII ANNO VJ. REGIS HU JUS USQUE FINEM DIMIDII ANNI EXTUNC PROX- IME SEQUENTIS, PER THOMAM DE MONTEACUTO. Compotus Tliomse de Monte Acuto, nuper comitis A.D. 1428. Sarum, defuncti, tarn de denariis per ipsum nuper J upe 3 0, comitem receptis, quam de vadiis suis ad vj. s. viij. d., The ac- militum vocatorum Baneretez, quolibet ad iiij. 3., mili- Jedte^ 1 S turn vocatorum Bachelers, quolibet ad ij. s., dlix. scuti- ferorum, quolibet ad xij. d., et mdccc. sagittariorum, quolibet ad vj. d. per diem, una cum regardo consueto ipsius nuper comitis et hominum ad arma prsedictorum, scilicet, juxta afferentiam c. marcarum pro xxx. homi- nibus ad arma, per quarterium anni, nuper retentorum c c 2 404 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: The inden- ture of military service, respecting the earl’s troops. penes dominum nunc regem, scilicet, Henricum Sex- tum, per Indenturam inter ipsum dominum regem et prsefatum nuper comitem inde confectam, et super liunc compotum liberatam, cujus quidem Indenture tenor sequitur in hsec verba: — Ceste endenture faite perentre le roy notre sove- rayne seigneur dune part, et son tres chier cousyne Thomas de Montagu, conte de Salisbury et de Perche, dautre part, tesmoigne que le dit conte est demourrez devers le roi, notre dit seigneur, pur luy faire service de guerre es parties de France, Normandye, et autres marches et frontiers, contraires et prejudiciablez au dit notre seigneur le roy, du darrein jour de Juyn prochainement venant jusques a la fin de demy an lors prochein ensuant. Et avera le dit conte conti- nuellement demorantz ovec luy durant le dit temps sys centz liommez darmez, luy mesmez, sys chivalers bane- rettez, trent et quatre baclielers en sa compaigne accountez, et mille et oyt centz 1 archiers, bien et suf- [Translation.] This indenture made between the king, our sovereign lord on one part, and his very dear cousin Thomas of Mon- tagu, earl of Salisbury and of Perche, on the other part, witnesses that the said earl is retained with the king, our said lord, to do him service of war in the parts of France, Normandy and other marches and frontiers, contrary and prejudicial to our said lord the king, from the last day of June next coming to the end of the half year then next ensuing. And the said earl shall have continually remaining with him during the said time, six hundred men-at-arms, himself, six knights bannerets, thirty-four bachelors being accounted in liis company, and one thousand and eight Centz ] A n addition between the lines. HENRY THE SIXTH. 405 fisanteinent mountez, armez et arraiez, come a leur estatez il appertient. Pourveu toutesfoitez , 1 que le dit conte ne preigne, ne face prendre, ascun en ses gages, come un de ses liomez darmes ou archiers, qui de present soit en le royaume de Fraunce, ne nuls diceux qui saunz le counge de Jolian duk de Bedforde, uncle au roy notre dit souverayne seigneur, et regent de son royaume de Fraunce, sont venuz en le roiaume Dan- gleterre, et qui ount terrez, rentez, cens ou revenus, ou autres possessiones, en le dit royaume de Fraunce, par lesquellez ils sount tenuz de faire service de guerre au roy, notre dit seigneur. Et sil advenoit que, par inadvertence, aucuns tiels liommez darmez, ou archiers, feussent retinuez, et eus- sent recuz argent en prest de loure gages, en ce cas le dit conte, incontinent que cez cliosez vendront a sa congnissance, lez purra faire prendre et emprisoner par hundred archers well and sufficiently mounted, armed and arrayed, as becomes their estate. Provided always that the said earl neither takes, nor causes to be taken into liis service, as his men-ef-arms or archers, any persons who at present are in the kingdom of France, nor any of those who without the leave of John, duke of Bedford, uncle to the king, our said sovereign lord, and regent of his kingdom of France, are come into the kingdom of England, and who have lands, rents, charges or revenues, or other possessions, in the said kingdom of France, by which they are bound to do service of war to the king, our said lord. And if it happen that, by inadvertence, any such men- at-arms, or archers, should be retained, and had received money in payment of their wages, in this case the said earl, immediately that these things shall come to his know- ledge, shall have power to take and imprison them wliere- 1 Toutesfoitez'] Toutesfortcz, MS. 406 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : tout ou ils seront trouvez, et lez constraindro a rendre et restituer au roy lez deniers quils averoient receu. Et sils qui serroient ainsi pris et emprisonez navoient facultee 1 2 et povoir de restituer ce quils averoient receu, le dit conte se purra de ce prendre aux cappitains soubz qui ils serront passez a monstrez. Et serront tenuz les gaolers du roy, notre dit seigneur, plus prochains des lieuz ou lez homines darmez et archiers, tielx 3 come dessus est dit, serront pris et arestez en Engletere, de yceulz garder et tenir en prisone, jusques a ce que playne restitucione soit fait au roy, notre 3 dit seigneur, de ce que par eux avera estee receu. Et prendra le dit conte gages, assavoir, pur luy mesme, sys souldz et oyt deniers desterlinges le jour ; pur chacun chivalier baneret, quatre souldz dester- soever they may he found, and to oblige them to repay and to restore to the king the money they shall have re- ceived. And if those persons who shall thus he taken and imprisoned have not the means and the ability to return that which they have received, the said earl shall have power to take them to the captains under whom they shall pass at musters. And they shall he kept by the gaolers of the king, our said lord, who are nearest the place where the men-at-arms and archers . . . . as is above mentioned, shall be taken and arrested in England, to keep and hold them in prison until full restitution he made to the king, our said lord, of that which by them shall have been received. And the said earl shall receive his wages, that is to say, for himself six shillings and eight pence sterling by the day ; for each knight banneret, four shillings sterling ; for 1 Facultee] Faculter, MS. J been corrected by tbe aid of the 2 Tielx] The text, which is here j second. very incorrect in the first copy, has I 3 Notre] Are, MS. HENRY THE SIXTH. 407 linges ; pur cliacun cliivalier bacheler, deux souldz ; pur chacun dez ditz liommez darmes [xij. d.] le jour, avec le regarde accustumez ; et pur cliacun dez ditz arcliiers sys deners le jour, durant le temps dessus dyt. Des queux gages et regardez serra le dit counte paiez en monnoie Dengleterre, pur luy et sez ditz liommes dar- mes et arcliiers, par les mains du tresorer Dengleterre ; cest assavoir, pur le primer quarter du dit terme, prestement en main, et pur le seconde quartere du dit terme le dit counte serra paiez le dit darrein jour de Juyn, 1 auquel jour il ferra monstrez entiers de lui et des ditz hommez darmez et arcliiers a Sandewiz 2 sur son passage a la meere. Et commencera le dit terme le jour en quel les dictes monstrez seront faites. Ovec 3 ce serra paiez a Joline Parker de Cliesthunte 4 la somme de mille marcs desterelingz pour con- each knight bachelor, two shillings ; for each of the men-at- arms [xij. d.] by the day, with the accustomed allowance, and for each of the said archers sixpence by the day, during the time abovesaid. These wages and allowances shall be paid in English money to the said earl, for himself and his said men-at-arms and archers, by the hands of the treasurer of England ; that is to say, for the first quarter of the said term, by money paid in hand, and for the second quarter of the said term the said earl shall be paid upon the said last day of June, upon which day there shall be a com- plete muster of himself and his said men-at arms and archers at Sandewiz, upon his passage to the sea. And the said term shall commence on the day upon which the said muster shall take place. Moreover, there shall be paid to Johne Parker of Chest- hunte the sum of a thousand marks sterling, to be spent 1 Darrein jour de Juyn] Written upon a blank space in the original indenture. 2 Sandewiz] Written upon a blank space in the original. 3 Ovec] Over, MS. 4 Johne . . . Cliesthunte] This name is filled in on a blank left in the original. Artillery and gunners. 408 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : verter et emploiere en canons, pierres, cbarettes, cbariez, pincez de feer, chasblez, et antrez cbosez necessaires pur yceulx canons ; la quelle somme de mille mars serra distribue, emploie, et paie au fait dessusdicte par le dit Johan , 1 qui a ce faire serra corn- mis depar le roy, notre dit seigneur; li quel Johan 2 serra tenuz de rendre account au roy, notre dit seigneur, de la distribucion de la dicte somme, saunz ceo que dicelle le dit counte soit charge, ne jammes tenuz den acounter. Et serra faite allouance a cel- lui qui ainsi serra cornmis per reportant mandement du dit conte, et quitances des persones aux queux il avera fait paiementz pour les causes dessus dites, on a dessus de vynt souldz desterlings ; et de ce quil avera paie au dessoubz des dites vynt souldz serra faite allouance au dit cornmis par reportant and employed upon cannons, balls of stone, carts, carriages, pincers of iron, ropes, and other articles necessary for the said cannon ; the which sum of one thousand marks shall be expended, employed and paid in the above-said business by the said John, who shall be commissioned to do this by the king, our said lord ; the which John shall be bound to render an account to the king, our said lord, as to the disbursement of the said sum, without the said earl being charged therewith, nor shall he ever be required to account thereof. And an allowance shall be made to the person who shall be thus commissioned upon the production of the voucher of the said earl, and the acquittances of the persons to whom he shall have made payments for the causes above said, or above twenty shillings sterling ; and for what he shall have paid under the said twenty shillings, allowance shall be made to the said deputy, upon the simple 1 Dit Johan ] Written upon a I 2 Johan ] Filled in upon a blank blank in the original. | in the original indenture. HENRY THE SIXTH. 409 mandement 1 settlement du dit conte, et par laffirmacion et serement dicellui cominis. Et oultre, purra le dit conte comprendre en nombre dez homines darmes dessusditz, quatre maisters canoniers, les quelx serront passez a monstrez et reveuez come hommez darmes, et averont gages, cestassavoir, cliacun deux vynt deniers desterlinges par jour, dount ils serront paiez de dousze deniers chacun de eux, et de regardes accustumez, ainsi et par la fourme et ma- niere que lez ditz hommes darmes ; et de ce qil coviendra et fauldra oultre les ditz dousze 2 deniers et regards pur le paiment de leur ditz gages au pris dessusdyt, serront paiez des deniers du roy, notre dit seigneur. Et semblablement purra comprendre le dit conte en nombre dez ditz archiers, dys liommes mineurs ; lez queulx averont gages, cest assavoir, cha- production of 1 the voucher of the said earl, and by the statement and oath of the said commissioner. And moreover, the said earl shall have power to include among the number of the men-at-arms aforesaid, four master artillerymen, who shall pass at musters and reviews as men- at-arms, and they shall have their wages, that is to say, each of them twenty pence sterling by the day, of which they shall be paid twelve pence each of them, with the usual allowances, like, and in the form and manner as the said men-at-arms ; and of that which they shall and ought to have beyond the twelve pence and the allowances above- said for the payment of their said Avages at the rate specified above, they shall be paid by the money of the king, our said lord. And in like manner the said earl shall have power to include in the number of the said archers, ten men Avho are miners ; who shall have their Avages, that is to say, each 1 Mandement du dit conte . . . . mandement] Added from the origi- nal indenture and omitted in the exchequer copy. 2 Dousze] Deusers, MS. 410 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Killed and wounded men. cun de eux noef deniers par jour, dont ils serront paiez de sys deniers, come les ditz archiers, et du surplus serront paiez des deniers du roy, notre dit seigneur. Et avera le dit counte as despenses du roy, notre dit seigneur, eskipscone pur les canons, pierres, et autres chosez touchantez et regardantes le fait de lartillarie. En oultre, sil avient et aucuns souldours mourent, ou soient 1 tuez, en service du roy, notre dit seigneur, dedenz le demy an dessusdit, il ne serra pour ce fait quelque deffalquement ou rebat dez gages que ycellui counte averoit paiez as ditz souldeours, qui ainsi serroient mors ou tuez en service de notre dit seigneur le roy. Purveu toutesfoitz que le dit conte le certifye au roy, notre dit seigneur, en son eschequer, soubz le seal de ses armes. Et saucuns souldours sount malades durant le dit temps du dit demy an, le com- of them nine pence by the day, of which they shall be paid sixpence, like the said archers, and the remainder shall be paid by the money of the king, our said lord. And the said earl shall have shipping, at the expense of the king, our said lord, for the cannons, bullets of stone, and other articles which have connexion with and reference to the service of the artillery. And moreover, if any soldiers die, or are killed in the service of the king, our said lord, within the half year above-said, there shall not be for this cause, any dimi- nution or keeping back of the wages which this earl shall have paid to the said soldiers who thus shall be dead or slain in the service of our said lord, the king. Provided always that the said earl, under the seal of his arms, shall thereof certify the king, our sovereign lord, in his exchequer. And if any soldiers are ill during the said time of the said 1 Ou soient ] These words are erroneously repeated in the MS. HENRY THE SIXTH, 411 missaire, ou commissaires, qui serront ordonuz ap- prendre et recevoir les dites monstres, serront tenuz aler sur le lieu ou lez dictz souldeours serront gisantz malades, au fin de les veoir ; et si len les trouve ainsi, lour faire allouance de lour dictz gagez ; et si les ditz commissaires sont refusantz dy aler, pur savoir de ce la verite et veoir les dites malades, adonques lez ditz souldeours serront allouez par certificacion faite soubz le seal dez armes du dit conte. Et combien que par ces presentes endentures le 1 workmen, dit conte soit tenuz avoir sys centz hommes darmes et mille et oyt centz arcliiers, nientmains le dit conte purra, si bien luy semble, et luy serra loisible, de prendre et avoir sys centz arcliiers en lieu de deux centz liommes darmes dez sys centz hommes darmes dessus ditz, et de ce en ferra le dit conte a sa dis- crecione et bonne plaisir ; pour les queux sys centz half year, the commissioner or commissioners, who shall bo appointed to take and receive the said musters shall he bound to go to the place where the said soldiers are lying ill, in order to see them, and if they find them to be so, they shall make them the allowance of their said pay ; and if the said commissioners refuse to go thither, in order to know the truth hereof and to see the said invalides, then the said soldiers shall have the allowance, by virtue of a certificate, made under the seal of the arms of the said earl. And although by this present indenture the said earl is bound to have six hundred men-at-arms and eighteen hundred archers, nevertheless the said earl shall have the power, if it should seem good to him, and it shall be lawful for him, to take and have six hundred archers in place of two hundred men-at-arms out of the six hundred men-at-arms above-said, and this the said earl shall do at his discretion and good pleasure ; for the which six hundred archers he Ze] De, MS. i 12 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Also re- specting plunder and prison- ers. archiers il navra que gages et regardz de deux centz hommes darmes. Ou si le dit conte ne voelt counter en archiers jusques au nomhre dez ditz deux centz hommes darmes, mais para venture meins 1 que le dit nombre, unquore 2 il lui serra allouez solonc laffarant. Et purra le dit conte avoir et comprendre au nombre des 3 dessusdites archiers, jusques au sessant ou quatre vyntz persones, gens de meister, come carpentiers, masons , 4 faiseurs dares et de flesches, et tiels autres gens de meister propers pur la guerre ; lesquelx, ja soit ce que par adventure ne sachent pas bien tirer de larc, unquore nientmoins serront ils passez a mon- stres, et averront gages come archiers. Et avera notre dit seigneur le roy aussi bien la tierce partie des gaignes de guerre du dit conte, come la tierce partie dez tiercez, dont lez gens de sa dicte retenu serrount a lui respoignantz de lour gaignes shall have only the pay and allowance of two hundred men- at-arms. Or if the said carl will not extend his archers up to the number of the said two hundred men-at-arms, but possibly will have less than the said number, still the allowance shall be made to him, according to that proportion. And the said earl shall have the power to include and com- prehend in the number of the aforesaid archers, as many as seventy or four score persons, craftsmen, such as carpenters, masons, bowyers, fletcliers, and such other workmen required for the war ; who (although they possibly may not as yet be good bowmen) shall nevertheless be passed at musters, and shall have their wages as archers. And our said lord, the king, shall have as well tli6 third part of what the said earl captures in the war, as the third part of the thirds for which the persons in his said service 1 Meins ] The exchequer MS. reads Meure. 2 Unquore'] This word is added between the lines, and its reading is somewhat uncertain. 3 Des ] Ditz, MS. * 3/asons] Mesons, MS. nENRY TIIE SIXTH. 413 de guerre ; soienfc ils prisoners, preys, ou autres chosez prises, et toutz autres droitz accustumez durant le temps avantdit ; desqueulx droitz et tierces ainsi duez au roy, notre dit seigneur, le dit conte serra tenuz de respondre a luy en soun eschequier en Engle- tcrre per le serement du dit conte, ou de lexcutour ou execu tours de soun testamente en son noun, et autrement. Et avera le dit conte touz lez prisoners que, durant le temps dessusdit, serront pris par lui, ou aucun de sez ditz gentz, exceptz roys et graundz cappitaines du sang roial, et toutz lez leieutenantz, conestables et mareschallx, aiantz poair de Charles qui se dit roy de France ; et pur les queux le roy, notre dit seigneur, ferra raisonable agrement a cellui, ou ceux, qui lez averont pris. Et serra le dit conte tenuz au roy, notre dit Musters seigneur, qil, ovec ses gens darmes et archiers, face and gaite et garde, et aussi monstres, quant et si souvent come il eu serra par le dit Regent, ou aucun Corn- wall be answerable to him of their booty in the war ; be they prisoners, spoil, or other things captured, and all other usual rights during the said time ; of the which rights and thirds thus due to the king, our said lord, the said earl shall be bound to answer to him in his exchequer in England by the oath of the said earl, or of the executor or executors of his will in his name, and otherwise. And the said earl shall have all the prisoners who shall be taken by him or any of his people, during the period aforesaid, excepting kings and great captains of the blood-royal, and all the lieutenants, constables and marshals who have their authority from Charles, who styles himself king of France ; and for these the king, our said lord, shall make a reasonable satis- faction to the person or persons who shall have taken them. And the said earl shall be bound to the king, our said lord, that he, with liis men-at-arms and archers, shall make watch and ward, and also musters, when and as often as he shall be duly required to do so by the said Regent, or any 414 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: shipping for his troops. And, after a recapitu- lation of the above, missaire du roy, notre dit seigneur, en ceste partie duement requis durant le dit temps. Et avera le dit conte eskipscone et reskippeson pur lui et lez gens de sa dicte retenue as coustes et despenses du roy, notre dit seigneur. Et le tenue susdit finiz, il serra loisible au dit conte et as gens de sa dite retenue retourner en ce royaume Dangle- terre, saunz countredit ou empeschement du roy, notre dit seigneur, ou autres persones queconques. En tesmoignance de quelles clioses , 1 a la partie de ceste endenture demourrante devers le dit conte, notre dit seigneur le roy ad fait mettre son prive seal. Donne 2 * a Westminstre, le xxiiij. jour de Mars, lan du regne du roy notre dit souverain seigneur sysme; — ac per breve regis nunc de Privato Sigillo suo, datum xvj. die 8 Aprilis, anno regni sui viij., thesaurario, baro- of the commissioners of the king, our said lord, in this respect, during the said time. And the said earl shall have shipping and resliipping for himself and the people of his said retinue, at the costs and expenses of the king, our said lord. And the term above- said being finished, it shall be lawful for the said earl and the people of his said retinue, to return into this realm of England, without contradiction or hindrance of the king, our said lord, or any other persons whatsoever. In witness of which things, to the part of this indenture remaining with the said earl, our said lord the king has caused his privy seal to be placed. Dated at Westminster, the xxiiij. day of March, in the sixth year of the reign of the king our said sovereign lord. 1 C/ioses] Here ends the ex- chequer copy ; what follows is taken from the indenture. 2 Donne ] 24 March, A.D. 1428. 3 xvj. die ] Namely, 16 April, 1430. ITENRY THE SIXTn. 415 nibus et camerariis liujus scaccarii directum, quod irrotulatur in Memorandis de eodem anno, inter bre- via directa baronibus de termino Paschae, rotulo ix. ex parte Rememoratoris regis. In quo quidem brevi continetur, quod monstraverunt regi et concilio suo magister Nicholaus Uptone, Ricardus Alrede, Johannes Husey et Andrea Sperlyng, executores testamenti prae- dicti Thom se de Monte acuto, nuper comitis Sarum, qualiter idem nuper comes, per indenturam inter do- minum regem et dictum nuper comitem factam xxiiij. die Marti i anno dicti regis nunc vj., retent us fuit cum praedicto domino rege ad faciendum eidem do- mino regi servitium guerrinum in partibus Franciae, Normandia?, et aliis marchiis et fronteris regi contra- riis et praejudicialibus, ab ultimo die Junii dicto anno vj. usque finem dimidii anni ex tunc proximo sequen- tem ; durante quo tempore dictus nuper comes haberet secum continue commorantes dc. homines ad arma ; seipso, vj. militibus banerettis, xxxiiij. militibus bache- lers in comitiva sua computatis ; et m. dccc. sagitta- riis, bene et sufticienter armatis et arraiatis, prout ad eorum status pertineret ; percipientibus dicto nuper comite vadia, scilicet, pro semetipso vj. s. viij., pro quolibet milite baneretto iiij. s., pro quolibet milite bachillere ij. §., pro quolibet dictorum aliorum homi- num ad arma xij. d., per diem, unacum regardo con- sueto ; et pro quolibet dictorum sagittariorum vj. d. per diem, durante tempore prae dicto. De quibus qui- dem vadiis et regardis dictus nuper comes haberet solutionem in moneta Angliae pro semetipso et suis dictis hominibus ad arma et sagittariis, per manus thesaurarii Angliae ; videlicet, pro primo quarterio ter- mini prsedicti, prompte in manibus, et pro secundo quarterio ejusdem termini, dicto ultimo die Junii, ad quern diem dictus nuper comes faceret monstra In- tegra de se et dictis hominibus ad arma et sagitta- riis apud Sandewice, super passagium suum ad mare. 416 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Et incipiet prsedictus terminus ab illo die quo clicta monstra erunt facta. Et si contingat quod aliqui soldarii mortui fuerint, aut interfecti, in servitio regis prsedicto infra dictum dimidium annum, non erit aliqua defalta vel deductio vadiorum quae dictus nuper comes prsedictis soldariis [in] solutionem fecerat 1 qui sic mortui et interfecti faerint in dicti servitio regis ; et qualiter etiam idem nuper comes haberet eskippamentum et reskippamentum pro seipso et dictis gentibus de retinentia sua prse- dicta ad custus et expensas dicti regis, prout in dicta indentura, ut dicitur, plenius continetur. Rex igitur vult, de avisamento et assensu concilii sui, et mandat prsefatis thesaurario et baronibus quod debite computent cum prsefatis 2 executoribus, per eorum sacramenta, et in nomine prsedicti nuper co- rn itis, de et super omnibus et singulis contentis superius expressis, et de denariis per dictum nuper comitem receptis causa supradicta, faciendo in 3 eisdem executo- ribus debitam allocationem per eorum sacramenta de omnimodis vadiis et regardis supradictis, tarn pro prsedicto nuper comite, quam pro omnibus gentibus de retinentia sua, videlicet, de prsedicto ultimo die Junii, dicto anno vj. usque ad finem dimidii anni extun c proximo sequentis, unacum custibus rationabilibus pro eskippamento et reskippamento dicti nuper comitis et omnium gentium retinentise suse prsedictse; et quod prsedictus nuper comes moriabatur 4 infra dictum di- midium annum, et quod ipse in sua vita, nec prsedicti executores sui post mortem suam, non certificarunt in Scaccarium regis prsedictum mortem aliquorum gentium dictae retinentise suse, vel quod idem nuper comes, nec 1 Fecerat] Written upon an era- sure. 2 Prcefatis] Prsestitis, MS. 3 In] This word should be can- celled, or we should read “ inde.” It is erased from the second copy. 4 Moriabatur] He died on 3 Nov. 7 Hen. YI. (1428), See Dugd. Baron, i. 653. HENRY THE SIXTH. 417 dicti executores sui, non fecerunt aliqua monstra in partibus transmarinis infra terminum supradictum, secundum formam prsedictse indenture, seu quod aliqui gentes dicti nuper comitis fuerunt separati et dispersi in diversis partibus post mortem suam, non obstante et de eo quod per dictum compotum prmfatis executoribus rationabiliter invenitur fore debitam prsefatis tbesaurario et camerariis promittere solu- tionem, aut rationabile agreamentum eisdem execu- toribus habere facere, prout ratio exigit. Proviso semper quod prsedicti executores faciant promissionem super compotum suum ad donandum et liberandum prsefatis thesaurario et baronibus securi- tates, indenturas, et obligationes omnium capitaneorum et gentium retentorum cum prsefato nuper comite, qum factse fuerunt inter eundem nuper comitem et prse- fatos capitaneos pro viagio praedicto, et quod ipsi si- militer faciant promissionem ad dandam auctoritatem et potestatem attornatis regis in curiis suis ad pro- sequendum in nominibus suis capitaneos supradictos, et quemlibet eorum, qui vel quis prsefato nuper comiti bene et fideliter non serviverunt nec servivit secun- dum formam indent urarum suarum, durante tempore antedicto prsedictorum magistri Nicholai Uptone, Ricardi Alrede, Johannis Husey et Andrese Sper- ling, executorum testamenti prsedicti nuper comitis, sicut supra continetur, ac etiam in ligula brevium executorum pro rege, de termino Paschse anno viij. ejusdem regis nunc, ex parte Rememoratoris regis pro eodem nuper comite defuncto ; videlicet, tam de hujusmodi denariis per preedictum nuper comitem receptis, quam de vadiis et regardis, et aliis expensis, ut infra. I IDEM reddunt compotum de viij. m 1 . cccc. xx. li. xiij. s. They spe- iiij. receptis de thesaurario et camerariis ad Re- receipts VOL. I. d D 418 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: ceptam Scaccarii regis, xxv. die Marcii, 1 termino Sancti Michaelis, anno vj. prsedicti regis nunc, tarn super vadiis prsedicti nuper comitis, vj. militum voca- torum banerettes, xxxiiij. militum vocatorum ba- chillers, et dlix. bominum ad arma, unacum regardo consueto, quam super vadiis m 1 . dccc. sagittariorum, retentorum cum dicto nuper comite penes prsefatum dominum regem, ad faciendum eidem domino regi servitium guerrinum in partibus supradictis, sicut con- tinetur in Pelle Memorandorum ad eandem Receptam de eisdem termino et anno, ac etiam in quod am rotulo 2 de particulis, hie in thesauro liberate. Et de viij. m 1 . xlvij. li. xij. s. iiij. d. receptis de eis- dem thesaurario et camerariis ad Receptam prsedictam, xix. die Julii, termino Paschse, dicto anno vj., super vadia prsedicti nuper comitis, unius baneretti, viij. militum, cccc. xl. hominum ad arma, unacum regardo consueto, quam super vadia m 1 . m 1 . cc 1. sagittariorum, retentorum cum dicto nuper comite penes prsefatum dominum regem, ad faciendum eidem domino regi ser- vitium guerrinum in partibus supradictis, sicut con- tinetur in Pelle Memorandorum ad eandem Receptam de eisdem termino et anno, ac etiam in dicto rotulo de particulis. Et de xvj. li. xiiij. s. iiij. d, de tertia parte 1. li. receptis de redemptione xiiij. prisonariorum Francigena- rum ; videlicet xiii. li. vj. s. viij. d. de tertia parte xl.li. de hujusmodi redemptione ix. prisonariorum villse de Jenvylle, et Ixvj. s. viij. d. de tertia parte x. li. de redemptione v. prisonariorum castri et villse de Baugencye, regi pertinente juxta formam indenturse prsedictse, sicut continetur ibidem. Et de lxxv. li. xj. s. j. d. ob. de tertia parte cc. xxvj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. receptorum de compositione per ipsum 1 xxv. die Mar tii\ March 25, I 2 In quodam rotulo] This roll has 1428. | not been discovered. HEN11Y THE SIXTH. 419 nuper comitem facta cum liominibus ad arm a, burgen- sibus, et aliis inhabitantibus praedictae villae de Bau- gencye, regi similiter pertinente juxta formam indentures praedictae, sicut continetur ibidem. Et de xj. li. ij. s. ij. d. ob. de tertia parte xxxiij. li. vj. s. vii. d. receptorum de pretio frumenti et avenarum inventorum infra praedictum castrum de Baugency post lucrationem ejusdem castri, regi similiter pertinente, juxta formam praedictae indentures, sicut continetur ibidem. De regibus, aut magnis capitaneis de sanguine regali, vel de aliquibus aliis locum tenentibus, constabulariis, seu marescallis, potestatem habentibus de Charles qui dicit se esse regem Franciae, in viagio praedicto per praedictum nuper comitem, aut aliquem alium de re- tinentia sua, quos praefatus dominus rex juxta formam indenturae praedictaa haberet, si qui fuerint capti in viagio praedicto, faciendo rationabile aggreamentum, si qui eos sic ceperit in eodem viagio, videlicet per tempus prasdictum, non respondit ; eo quod nullae liujusmodi personae per prae dictum nuper comitem, vel aliquem alium de retenentia sua fuerunt in viagio praedicto, ut dicti executores dicunt super sacramentum suum, sicut continetur ibidem. Summa receptae, xvj. m 1 . dlxxj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. Praestita trahuntur in Rotulo vij. in Residuo Es- sexiae . 1 De quibus iidem computant in vadiis ipsius nuper comitis, ad vj. s. viij. d., sex militum vocatorum Banerettes, quolibet ad iiij. §., xxxiiij. militum voca- torum Bachillers, quolibet ad ij. §., dlix. hominum ad arma, quolibet ad xij. d., m 1 . dccc. sagittariorum, quo- 1 Prcestita . . . Essexice\ This passage does not occur in the second roll. D D 2 and ex- penses. 420 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : libet ad vj. d. per diem, nuper retentorum penes prse- fatum dominum regem ad faciendum eidem domino regi servitium guerrinum in partibus supradictis ; quo- rum hominum ad arma et sagittariorum numerus in quadam indentura retinentise 1 ipsius nuper comitis super hunc compotum liberata annotantur ; videlicet, ab ultimo die Junii, anno vj. prsedicti regis nunc, quo die idem nuper comes cum retinentia sua prse dicta fecit monstra sua apud villain Sandewice, usque xxviij. diem Decembris tunc proximo sequentem, scilicet, per dimidium annum, utroque die computato ; deductis inde m 1 . dec. xxxviij. li. ij. s. pro vadiis v. militum vocatorum Banerettes, xxvj. militum vocatorum Bacliil- lers, et xix. hominum ad arma, vacantium et extra servitium regis existentium per totum tempus hujus compoti, sicut continetur in quodam rotulo indentarum monstratse ipsius comitis et retinentise suse, captse coram Johanne Kadclyffe et aliis, virtute commissionis eis inde directse, et super hunc compotum liberate et exaininatse, xij. m 1 . cccxxxvj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d., sicut continetur in rotulo de particulis. Et in regardo consueto prsedictorum dc. hominum ad arma, juxta afferentiam c. marcarum pro xxx. hominibus ad arma per quarterium unius anni ; scilicet, per prse- dictum tempus hujus compoti ; deductis inde dclxvj. li. xiii. s. iiij. d. de regardo dictorum cl. hominum ad arma vacantium et extra servitium regis existentium per tempus prsedictum ; sicut continetur in prsedicto rotulo monstrationum, m 1 . m 1 . li. sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis ccccl. sagittariorum cum prsedicto comite retentorum in viagio prsedicto, vice et loco prsedicto- rum cl. hominum ad arma vacantium, ut supra, per- cipiendo pro tribus sagittariis talia vadia et regarda Indentura retinentia i] This indenture has not been found. HEN.11Y THE SIXTH. 421 qualia unus homo ad arma perciperet in viagio prse- dicto, juxta tenorem indenture prsedictae supra in titulo lmjus compoti annotatse, mb mb xxxj. li. xiij. s. iiij sicut conti netiu* ibidem. Summa vadiorum et regardorum, xvi. mb cccc. lxviij. li. vj. s. viij. Et debet, ciij. li. vi. s. viij. ct. 1429. Petition of Thomas Hostelle, wounded in the French wars of Henry the Fifth. To the king oure souverain lorde, Besechithe mekely youre povere leigemane and 1429 . humble horatour, Tliomas Hostelle, that, in conside- Pet ^~ of racone of his service doon to youre noble progeni- Hostelle, tours of ful blessid memory, kvng Henri the iiijtlT ^The^ and kyng Henri the lift, (whoos soules* God assoille !), Erench being at the siege of Hareflewe there smyten with a Henry the springolt tliroughe the hede, lesyng his oon eye and Fifth * his chek boon broken ; also at the bataille of A vino-- o o cours, and afore at the takyng of the carrakes on the see, there withe a gadde of yrene his plates smyten in to his body and his hande smyten in sondre, and sore hurte, maymed and wounded, by mean whereof he being sore febled and debrused, now falle to greet age and poverte, gretly endetted, and may not help him self, havyng not where withe to be sus- teyned ne relevede, but of mennes gracious almesse, and being for his said service never yet recompensed ne rewarded, it plese youre highe and excellent 422 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1430. January 8. Petition to carry into France 8,000 marcs for the pay- ment of the ransom of John lord Talbot. grace, the premises tenderly considered, of youre benigne pitee and grace to releve and refresshe youre saide povere oratour as it shal plese youwith youre most gracious almesse, at the reverence of God and in worke of charitee, and he shal devoutly pray for the soules of youre said noble progenitours and for youre most noble and highe astate. 1430. Petition that John Lord Talbot be allowed to carry into France eight thousand marcs for the pay- ment of his ransom. Plese au roy, notre tres souverain seigneur, graun- ter a votre humble liege J ohan le sire Talbot licence quil est en voz guerres en Fraunce, et ore mys a soun finance et raunsomme, avoir poura hors de votre royaume la somme de viij m 1 . marcz, ou dedeins, de votre coyne de mesme votre royaume, et que ces gentz et servauntz mes . . . * . purront porter et carier au dit sire pour la cause susdit, sauns [Translation.] May it please the king, our most sovereign lord, to grant to your humble liegeman, John lord Talbot, licence (he being in your wars in France, and at this time put upon his redemption and ransom) to have out of your realm the sum of eight thousand marcs, or less, of your coin of the same your realm, and also that his people and servants may convey and carry it to the said lord HENRY THE SIXTH. 423 empescliement de vous ou de voz lieires lun pour Dieu et en oevre de cliarite ; lestatut ent fait au contrarie nounobstant. H. Gloucestre. H. Cardinal. H. Cantuar. J. Ebor., cancellarius. J. Batbon. ■ B. Warrewyk. Scrope. (Dor so) viij. die Januarii, anno viij°. apud Westminstre concessa fuit prsesens suppli- catio, ut petitur, et warantizavit cancellarius de faciendo literas ut in forma ; prsesentibus dominis Gloucestrise, cardinali, Cantuarise, Ebor. cancellario, Londonim, Bathonise, War- rewici, Scrope, et custode Privati Sigilli . 1 for the causo abovesaid, without hindrance of you or your heirs .... for the sake of God and as an act of charity ; the statute thereupon made to the contrary not- withstanding. 1 A fair copy from the original draft. It is much discoloured by the application of galls. A.D. 1436. Jan. 28. The king recites the import of the letters received from Ilouen, ex- planatory of the state of affairs in France, 424 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1436 . Letter from the king to the chancellor of France and the English council resident at Rouen, pro- mising assistance against the French. Depar le Roy. Reverende piere en Dieu, noz tres chiers et foiaulx cousin et conseillers. Nous avons Lien veu et considere le contenu de pluseurs lettres que vous et autres nous avez rescriptes depuis la venue des ambassadeurs nadgaires envoiez pardevers nous, faisans mencion en effect par especiales lettres que, par notre beau cousin de Suffolk et les ditz ambassadeurs, nous avez signifie lestat et disposicion de notre royaume de Fraunce, pur y avoir provisione ; et depuis ce, par autres lettres, la prinse de Dieppe, et comment les ennemyes ont ars la ville d'Arques, induit le peuple de Caux deulx assem- bler, porter la Croix Blanche, et faire ce qils ont fait. [Translation.] By the King. Reverend father in God, our very dear and faithful cousin and councillors. We have well seen and considered the contents of many letters which you and others have written to us since the arrival of the ambassadors of late sent to us, making mention, in substance by special letters, that you have signified to us, by our good cousin of Suffolk and the said ambassadors, the state and condition of our kingdom of France, in order that provision thereupon may be had ; and after this, by other letters, the taking of Dieppe, and how the enemy lias burnt the town of Arques, induced the inhabitants of the Caux to assemble, to wear the White Cross, and to HENRY THE SIXTH. 425 Des deputez aussi des bonnes villes de Rouen, d’Evreux, de Gisors ct autres assemblez pur avoir aide a conduire les plus necessaires affaires jusques a notre venue pardela, ou que plus grant provision y soit myse. De la response par la quelle a este requis que on donne delay jusques a la venue des ditz ambassadeurs, ce que vous avez fait, pour les causes contenues en voz dites lettres ; en suppliant en con- clusion, que y purveons de gens et de finances hastivement, come le caas le requiert. Et entre ycelles choses, et pluseurs autres, icy none recitez, ausqueles serra au plaisire de Dieu purveu, de fait nous escripvez que non obstant que par pluseurs messages nous aiez escript et signifie les choses dessus dites, toutes voies nen avez depuis depar nous, ne depar notre conseil, ne les ditz ambassadeurs, oy ne eu aucunes nouvelles, dont cstez graundement esmerveillez ; et semble a ceste cause a touz noz loiaulx subgitz depar dela quilz do what they have done. That the deputies also of the good towns of Rouen, Evreux, Gisors, and others have assembled to have assistance in carrying on their most necessary affairs until our arrival there, or until more ample provision be sent thither. In reply thereto, the request was made that delay might be given until the arrival of the said ambassadors, to which you consented, for the causes mentioned in your said letters ; entreating, in conclusion, that a supply of troops and money should speedily be sent, as the case demanded. And among these things, and many others which are not repeated here, for which provision shall be made, if God will, you wrote to us in conclusion that, notwithstanding you had written and informed us of the matters abovesaid by many messengers, yet you had neither heard nor received any tidings since then from us, or our council, nor had the said ambassadors, whereat you were greatly astonished ; and for this cause it appeared to all our faithful subjects 426 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : in reply to which he explains the causes of the pre- vious delay, and promises speedy succour. soient delaissiez et habandonnez, considere linstante poursuite des ennemyes. Sur quoy, reverend piere en Dieu, nos tres cliiers et feaulx cousin et consaillers, sacbes que depuis la venue de notre dit cousin de Suffolke, et des ditz ambassadeurs, vous avons pieca par pluseurs foitz escript et signifie le grant et notable appareil que, moyennant la grace de Dieu, par le bone advis, aide et conseil de ceux de notre sang et lignage, des gens de notre grand conseil, et de trois estas de notre royaume d'Angleterre, fait, conclu et ordonne, et en- cores le vous signifions par lettres et autrement plus amplement par la bouche des ditz ambassadeurs ; et fault dire que par le peril des chemyns, fortune de mere, ou autrement, empeschement soit survenu, par quoy nen ayez oy nouvelles, dont il nous desplaist. Pour ce que nous esperons et cuidons savoir veritable- ment que ycelles nouvelles a vous venues, vous seriez there that they were deserted and abandoned, regard be- ing had to the active aggression of their enemies. In reply to which, reverend father in God, our most dear and faithful cousin and councillors, we would have you know that, since the arrival of our said cousin of Suffolk and the said ambassadors, we have written to you, some time ago and frequently, and told you of the great and notable preparations which, with the grace of God, had been made, concluded, and ordained by the good advice, aid, and counsel of those of our blood and lineage, the members of our great council, and of the three estates of our realm of England ; and we signify the same to you again by letters, and otherwise more fully by the verbal re- port of the said ambassadors ; and we must add that, in consequence of the danger of the roads, the chances of the sea, and from some other causes, there have arisen delays, which have prevented you from hearing tidings, at which we are displeased. Wherefore we hope and trust to be veritably informed that, when this intelligence has HENRY THE SIXTH. 427 reconfortez et resjoiz, et apparcevres clerement que non obstant les villes de Dieppe, Harefleu, Monstrevillier, et autres places nadgairs prinses par les ennemyes et leure dite pursuite, ne leurs aidans et confortans, nest pas notre entencione, ne ne serra, de riens haban- donner pardela la mere tant que Dieu nous donrra vie. Et sil eust plen a Dieu que le vent eust este propice a assembler les niefs, vasseaulx et passagiers au porte de Hamptone, et illec enviroune, vous eussiez ja eu pardela surtout la certainetee de toutes nouvelles depardeca avecques notable armee, et avies de present la seconde ; mais la mere a este si perilleuse, et est encores, que les ditz deux armees et les ditz ambassa- deurs, lesquelz avons delivres des devant Noel, nont encores peu passer, et ne attendent autre chose fors que le vent lour soit convenable. La quelle chose est en la voulente de Dieu seulement. reached you, you will be comforted again and will rejoice, and will clearly perceive that neither for the towns of Dieppe, Harefleu, Monstrevillier, and other places which have of late been taken by the enemy and their said efforts, nor yet for those who aid and comfort them, is it our intention, nor shall it be, to abandon anything on your side of the sea, so long as God shall give us life. And if it had pleased God that the wind had been favourable, so that our ships, vessels, and passenger boats could have assembled at the port of Hampton, or there- abouts, you would already have had, upon your side, at least the certainty of the intelligence of what is done upon ours, and also a notable army, and at this time you might have had the second ; but the sea has been so dangerous, and is equally so still, so that the said two armies and the said ambassadors, whom we have licensed to depart before Christmas, cannot yet cross over, and are waiting only for the wind being fair for them. And this matter is in the pleasure of God alone. 428 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Si eonvient en bonne pacience attendir sa grace donne, en la quelle aiez vraye confiance sans vous troubler, esbaire ne doubter, ne souffrer noz autres loyaulx subgitz depardela desmouvoir autrement de leure loyaultees, ainz les reconfortez diligemment ; car soiez certain, que tres briefe aures tele et si grant provision quil nest pas memoire domme que oncques feust faite tielle en ce royaume ; noun pur querere feu et tost retournere, mais, al aide de notre Creatoure, pour y attendre a la vindenge du pais et reboutement de noz adversaires, ainsi que de tout ce seres plus au plain et au vray infourmez par les ditz ambassadeurs, eux venus pardevers vous. Toutevoies des continueles diligences, et aussi de ce que pieca et toutz jours continuelement avez pris et prenez si a cuer noz affaires de par dela, des peines et labeurs que a ceste cause avez suffert, et que de jour en jour plus soeffrez et portez, vous remercions tres Wherefore it is necessary to wait, in good patience, upon His grace given, in which have true confidence, without troubling, caring, or fearing, nor suffering our other loyal subjects with you to depart at all from their loyalty, but comforting them diligently ; for be you cer- tain that, within a very short time, you shall have such and so great an aid that, within the memory of man, none such has been made in this kingdom ; not to raise a fire, and then to return, but, with the help of our Creator, to continue there till the vintage of the coun- try and the repulse of our adversaries, as you shall be more fully and more truly informed of the whole hereof by the said ambassadors, when they have reached you. Nevertheless, we thank you most cordially for your continual diligence, and also for what you have done for long past, and still continue to do, in taking so entirely to heart our affairs on your side, and for the pains and labours which you have suffered on this account, and HENRY THE SIXTH. 429 cordialment ; sachans que, a laide de notre doulx Crea- toure, de noz bons parens et loyaulx vassaulx et sub- gitz, vous serres briefe relevez dicenlx labeurs et peins, ensemble touz noz bons amis et loyaulx subgiz depar- dela, comme par les ditz ambassadeurs le saures. Si volons et vous prions que le faces par tout savoir ou vous verrez quil serra convenable pour le reconfort et consolacione de notre loyel peuple, en nous signifiant tous jours toutes nouvelles que survendront. Donne soubz notre Prive Seal, a notre paloys debate. Westminstre, le xxviij. de Januer. A reverend 1 pere en Dieu, et nos tres chers et foialx cousins et counsaillers, levesque de Teruuhane, notre chaunceller de Fraunce, et les gens de notre consail estantz a R . 2 which you suffer and endure yet more from day to day; knowing this, that, with the help of our good Creator of our good relations and loyal vassals and subjects, you shall speedily be relieved of these labours and pains, as will likewise all our good friends and loyal subjects there as you shall be informed by our said ambassadors. Where- fore we will and pray you to cause this to be made known wherever you shall perceive it to be necessary for the comfort and consolation of our loyal people ; let- ting us know always whatever incidents may arise. Given under our Privy Seal, at our palace of West- minster, the xxviij. of January. To the reverend father in God, and our very dear and faithful cousins and councillors, the bishop of Teruuhane, our chancellor of France, and those of our council who are at R. * 1 A reverend ] This clause is written at the bottom of the docu- ment in a different hand. 2 Estantz a i?.] So the draft, but doubtless we should understand Rouen to be the place indicated. 430 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1442. May 6. Sir Henry Clifford to have 400 marcs for his expedi- tion into France. Date. 1442 . Mandate for the payment of four hundred marks to Sir Henry Clifford, who is about to join the army in France. Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tre- sourer and chamberleins of oure Eschequier, greting. We late you wite that we have assigned and ap- pointed oure trusty and welbeloved knighte, Sir Henri Clyfford, to goo in this present voiage withe oure cousin, the lord Talbot, unto the parties of oure reaume of Fraunce sithens thappointement of the re- tenue of the saide lord Talbot and the making of his endentures ; for the whiche cause the saide sir Henri is as yet unperveied of feleshipe to accom- panye him withe. Wlierfore we, havyng consideracion unto the premisses, have of oure grace especiale yeven unto the same sir Henri iiij. c. marc, by waye of rewarde, to thentent that therwithal he shal mowe make him, and suche as he shal mowe gete in his feleshipe, redy ayenste the saide voiage. Wherfore we wol and charge you that ye delivere the saide iiij. c. marc unto the saide Henri in the fourme abovesaide. Yevene undre oure Prive Seel, at oure castel of Windesore, the vj. day of May, the yere of oure regne the xx. Benet. (Dor so) Inde solutum in denariis viij. die Maii, anno xx. c. marc. Item, alia vice in denariis, c. marc, Item, alia vice, cc. marc. HENRY THE SIXTH. 431 1442. Mandate for employing certain jewels in procuring money for the despatch of the army into France. Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande A.D. 1442. and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tre- May 18 ‘ sorer and chamberleins of oure Eschequier, gretyng. The king For asmuche as for the settyng over the see of oure cousin the lord Talbot, and of tharmee that surer to shal goo in his compaignie to oure cousin the due certain ° f of Yorke, etc., into oure reaume of Fraunce and j ewels fo ducliie of Normandie, for the conservacion and keping ra i se of hem, and also for thentretenue of oure subgettes “ one y for in oure obeissance in the same, us nedethe in haste in France, greet and notable sommes of monneye, wherof we be not as now purveied, nother can not be withoute chevissaunce of oure subgettes, or sale, or departyng from us of parcelle of oure joialx. And in so muche as the chevissaunce that we can make at this tyme for the saide cause wol not suffice for the contentyng of the saide armee over redye monneye by us ther- fore paied, and that we wolde not, for pease of us and of alle oure trewe subgittes, but that the same armee shal, by the grace of oure Lord, take good effect and exploit, into the good reliefe and socours of oure saide reaume, duchie, and of alle oure sub- gittes, we wol, therfore, and charge you straitely, that anoon after the sighte of thees, ye do breke, cune, selle and leye to wedde, suche and as many of oure joialx as, over the paiementes by you made for the saide armee and over rec .... apprestes to us made for the same, wol resonable suffice for the settyng over of the saide armee, and paiemente and content- inge of xv. m 1 . ii. by us due unto oure cousin the 432 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: due of Yorke, lieutenant general and gouvernoure [of] oure reaulme of Fraunce and ducliie of Normandie, and as far us the saide joialx wol strecche, if ye can and may doo it. And thees oure letters shal be unto you herein sufficeant warrant and discharge. Yeven undre oure Prive Seel, at oure castel of Windesore, the xviij. day of May, the yere of oure regne xx. Benet. 1443. Mandate for accounting with Sir John Stourtone respecting the expenses of the duke of Orleans. AT). 1443. May 18. Mandate respecting the pay- ment of the expenses of the duke of Orleans from 9 July, 1438, to 10 Feb. 1440. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorere, barons, and chamberlains of oure Eschequiere, greting. For asmuche as oure righte trusty and welbelovede knyghte, J ohne Stourtone, now late by oure com- maundement hathe hadde the kepynge of the due of Orliaunce fro the ix. day 1 of Juyl, the yere of oure regne xvj., unto the viij. day of May, the yere of oure said regne xvij., takyng for the day for his costages and expenses xiij. s. iiij. d. as oure righte trusty and righte welbelovede cousin therle of Suffolk toke before hym for the saide keping ; and after that the saide J ohne, by oure commaundement, remoevede, in oure ambas- sade withe the saide due, from Stourtone, the duelling 1 ix. day ] Namely, from 9 July 1438 to 10 February 1440. HENRY THE SIXTH. 433 place of the saide Jolian, the saide viij. day of May, unto the seewarde, and soo unto oure towne of Caleis, and to the marches there, unto the xiiij. day of Octobre thenne nexte folowyng, the whiche day the saide Johne retourned unto Stourtone aforesaid ; the whiche tyme it was appointede by us and oure counsail that he sliolde take of us, by the day, during the said tyme of his remoevinge, abidinge and retournynge, iij. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. And fro the same xiiij. day of Octobre the saide Johne hadde the keping of the said due unto the x. day of Feverere thanne next folowing, taking, by day, during that tyme, xiiij. s. iiij. d. And it is soo that the saide Johne hathe receivede of us, by the handes of you, oure saide tresorere, cer- taine monnoye in assignement, in partie of paiement of the saide couvenauntz, the whiche is sette upone hym by waye of apprest. We wol therfore and charge you that ye accounte duely withe the said Johne, or withe an other persone convenable in his name, by the othe of oon of theim, or of the othere, aswel of the monnoie that he hathe receivede in this behalf, as of the dayes that the saide due hathe be soo in his kepinge, makyng unto hym due allouuaunce by the othe aforesaid of xiij. s. iiij. d. for every day fro the saide ix. day of Juyl the saide yere of oure regne xvj. unto the viij. day of May thenne nexte folowing. And that ye also allowe unto the said Johne, and by the said othe, xiij. s. iiij. d. for every day in the whiche he was riding with the said due, bringing the same due to di verses townes and places withinne the same tyme, over thabovesaide xiij. s. iiij. d. for every day aforesaide, before asked, in like wise as it was allowede to oure saide cousin. And of alle that that by the saide accountes shal be founde due unto the saide Johne, we wol that ye, oure saide tresourere and chamberlains, make unto hym paiement, or sufficeant assignement, as reason wol. VOL. i. E E 434 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Date. A.D. 1443. August 6. Mandate for the pay- ment, to the earl of Shrews- bury, Yevene undre oure Prive Seal, at Westminster, the xviij. day of May, the yere of oure regne xxj. Benet. (. Dorso .) Irrotulatur termino Paschye, anno xxj. rotulo xiij. Prsetextu hujus brevis computatum est ad Scacca- rium compotorum cum Johanne Stourtone, milite infrascripto, tarn de denariis per ipsum receptis, quam de custubus et expensis ducis Orliensis, nuper in custodia sua existentis, ad xiij. s. iiij. d. per diem, a ix. die Julii, anno xvj. regis hujus, quo die idem Johannes cepit ipsum ducem Orliensem in custodiam suam, usque viij. diem Maii, anno ejusdem regis xvij., scilicet, per ccciij. dies. Qui quidem computus irrotulatur rotulo xx. rotulo compotorum J. Et debent ur ei per compotum pnedictum iiij xx xv. li. Inde recepit per assignationem, termino Miehaelis anno xxiij. lxxiij. li. xvij. s. vij. d. 1443. Mandate for the payment of certain sums of money to John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberleyns of oure Eschequier that now bee, and that for the tyme shalle be, gretinge. We late you wite that where that now late for the services that oure right trusty and right welbelovede HENRY THE SIXTH. 435 cousin Joline, erle of Shrowesbury, lord Talbot and of arrears Furnyval, hadde doon us in oure reaume of Fraunce ofpay and duchie of Normandie, there was by us due unto him the somme of iiij. m 1 . vj. c. xxvij. li. x. 3. vj. d. ferthing of sterlings, as by accomptes in that behalf maad in oure royaume of Fraunce by oure saide cousin with oure officers there we bee wel enfourmede and verraily acertained for trouth. Of the whiche somme due unto oure saide cousin he hath relessed unto us the somme of ij. m 1 . ij. c. vj. li. x. 3. ij. d., to tlientent to have redy paiement, or sufficeant as- signement of the remenant of the same somme, the whiche amounteth to ij. m 1 . iiij. c. xxvj. li. iiij d. q., the whiche we have graunted unto him. And also we late you wite that longe agoo we and impost graunted unto oure saide cousin, in relievement of upon Ralt ' him after suche tyme as that he was taken prisonere in oure werres in oure saide royaume of Fraunce, and in aide and paiement of his raunson and finance, the gavel of ij. mb mewes of salt, to have be taken in oure saide royaume of Fraunce and in oure saide duchie of Normandie, the whiche gavel, at the tyme of oure graunte of hit, was worth the somme of viiij. mb li. sterlinges ; and for the grete charges that we hadde in oure said royaume and duchie, and the litel revenues that we hadde to do ther with, oure saide cousin hath not as yit had mowe have the saide gavel ; for the whiche abovesaide causes he hath be- soghte us of redy paiement, or suffisant assignement, as wel of the saide somme of ij. mb iiij. c. xxvj. li. iiij. d. q. as of the saide viij. mb li. Wherfore we, havyng consideracion unto the pre- misses, wol and charge you that unto oure saide cousin ye make redy paiement, or sufficeant assignement, as wel of the saide somme of ij. mb iiij. c. xxvj. li. iiij. d. q. due to him as above, as of the saide viij. mb li., in aide E E 2 436 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date, of his saide finance and for the saide gavel of salt, as above. Yevene undre oure Prive Seal, at oure manoire of Eltham, the vj. day of Angst, the yere of onre regne xxj 1 Benet. (Bor so) Inde habet litteras speciales ad recipiendum per manus collectorum in diversis portubus summas infrascript as. In denariis m 1 . li. per thesaurarium Anglise, qurn summa debet deduci ex illis denariis per manus collectorum percipiendis. Item, alia vice d. marc. 1443. Mandate for the payment of five marks expended in writing to the pope on the death of the cardinal of Luxemburg. \ A.d. 1443. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy Dangleterre et de Oct. 16. Fraunce, et seignure Dirlande, as tresorier et cham- belains de notre Eschequiere, saluz. [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and cham- berlains of our Exchequer, greeting. At oure , . . xxj.~] Added in a different hand and in a different ink. HENRY THE SIXTH. 437 Nous volons de lad vis de not re conseil efc vous The arch- mandons que, au tres reverend pier en Dieu, larche- canterbury vesque de Cantorbirs, notre chaunceller, liquel, au tielle is repaid temps que nouvellement oiaist de la mort de le tres pensi" in- reverend pier en Dieu, le cardinal de Lieuxebourghe, curred by archevesque de Roan, escriva ses letters a notre tres ^Sing to saint piere le pape, et les a luy par un son messager the P°P e - envoia, desirant que luy plerroit lui abstiegner de promoever aucune personne au dite erchevescie devant ce que nous eussions a luy escriptz en ceste partie, au quel messager il bailla cynque marcs, vous facez paier et deliver de notre tresore cynque marcs a avoire de nous pour les cynque marcs par luy baillez et delivrez au dit messager, comme dessus. Donne soubz notre Prive Seal, a' Westminster, le Date, seszisme joure Doctobre, lan de notre regne vynt seconde. {Dor so) Persolutum in denariis hoc termino. We will, by the advice of our council, and we coni' mand you that, to the reverend father in God, the arch- bishop of Canterbury, our chancellor (who, at the time when he had newly heard of the death of the very reve- rend father in God, the cardinal of Lieuxebourghe, arch- bishop of Roan, wrote his letters to our very holy father the pope, and sent them to him by his messenger, de- siring that he would be pleased to abstain from promoting any person to the said archbishopric before we had written to him on this matter, to which messenger he gave five marks), you cause to be paid and delivered, out of our treasure, five marks, to have of us for the five marks by him given and delivered to the said messenger, as above. Given under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the six- teenth day of October, in the twenty-second year of our reign. 438 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1443. Mandate for the payment of one hundred pounds to a servant of Francis de Surienne. A.D. U43. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy Dengleterre et de Nov^2 7 . p rauncej e -t seigneur Dirlande, as tresorer et cham- Thomas de berlains de notre Eschequier, saluz. haye^ioo/ Nous volons de lavis de notre counsail et vous by the mandons que, a notre chier et bien ame Thomas de kmgs gift. Q uesne? i demorrant ovec notre chier et foial chevalier, Franceys Arrageneys, liquel par commaundement de son dit meistre pour certaines noz et ses affaires ad demourre en ceste notre reaume Dengleterre par sys moys, vous facez paiere et cleliverere, de notre tresore, pour ses expenses et de notre regard, cent livres, a avoir de notre donne. Donne soubz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le xxvij . 2 jour de Novembre, lan de notre regne vynt second. Benet. (. Dorso .) Persolutum in denariis hoc termino. [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and chamber- lains of our Exchequer, greeting. We will, by the advice of our council, and we charge you that, to our dear and well beloved Thomas de Quesne, residing with our dear and faithful knight, Franceys Arrageneys, who, by the commandment of his said master, for certain affairs of ours and his own, has resided in this our realm of England for six months, you cause to be paid and delivered, from our treasure, for his expenses and of our reward, one hundred pounds, to have of our gift. Given under our Privy Seal, at Westminster) the xxvij. day of November, in the twenty-second year of our reign; Benet. * Quesne ] An erasure occurs after I 8 xxvij.'] These numerals arc this word. [ written upon an erasure; HENRY THE SIXTH. 439 1443 . Mandate for the delivery of two books to Gilles de Bretagne, by the gift of king Henry the Sixth. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and A.D. 1443 of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorer and I )ec ’ L chamberlains of oure Eschequier, greting. Two books F or asmuche as we have graunted unto oure righte property trusti and righte entieidy welbeloved cousin, Gilles of of the car* Bretaigne, two bokis of song for his chapel, whiclie Luxem- were the moost reverend fadres in God, the cardinal bourg, to of Luxemburghe, oure chaunceller of Fraunce, late ^Gilles de deqessed, whereof oon is couvered withe white lether, Bretaigne. and the secunde leef begynnethe in the thridde lyne leison, and the last lef begynnethe, Secundum verbum ; and a nother booke of ymnys and Venites noted, whereof the secunde lefe in the begynnyng begynnythe, A soils, and the last leef -stia vegncc , — we wol and charge you that unto oure saide cousin, or to the bringer hereof in his name, ye deliver the saide bookes. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal, at oure castel at Date. Wyndesore, the first day of Decembre, the yere of oure regne xxij. Benet. 440 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1443. Dec. 13. Gilles of Bretaigne to have prompt payment of the sum due to him on 2 Feb., 1444. Date, 1443. Mandate for the payment of certain money to Gilles de Bretaigne. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberlains of oure Eschequier, greting. There as by onre letters, nndre oure Prive Seal, we have commaunded yon to paie and deliver unto oure right trusty and right welbeloved cousin Gilles of Bretaigne, for the tyme that he shal abyde withinne this oure reaume, at iiij. termes of the yere after thaf- ferant of m 1 . marc by yere, and that after the tyme of oure saide graunte, this terme wol not finisshe unto the fest of Candelmesse next comyng, yit for asmoche as that oure saide cousin is now on his departing oute of this oure reaume, we wol and charge you that, oure saide letters notwithstanding, and that the time of his paiement is not yit com me, ye paie and deliver unto the same oure cousin now in hande that that he sholde have and receive of us by force of oure saide letters yif the fest of Candelmesse were nowe come. Yevene undre oure Prive Seal, at Westminster, the xiij. day of Decembre, the yere of oure regne xxij. Benet. ( jDotso .) Inde recipit ccl. marcas, hoc termino, tarn virtute hujus brevis quam virtute alterius brevis 1 hoc termino. 1 Brevis] An addition between the lines; HENRY THE SIXTH. 441 14 Mandate for the gift of a cup of gold and 100?. to Gilles of Bretagne. Henri, par la grace de Dieu roy Dengleterre et de Fraunce, et seigneur Dirlande, as tresorer et chamberlains de notre Eschequiere, saluz. Nous volons, de lavis de notre counsail, et vous man- dons que, a notre tres chier et tres ame cousin, Gilles de Bretaigne, de present esteant en ceste notre roy- aume Dengleterre, liquel est sur son depertison hors diceste notre reaurne, vous facez delivrer de notre donne ung hanappe dore de la value de cent marcs, et centz livres dedeins. Donne soubz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le xiij. jour de Decembre, lan de notre regne vynt second. Benet. (. Dorso .) Persolutum hoc termino. A.D. 1443. Dec. 13. A cup of gold and 100/. to be given to Gilles of Bretagne, on his departure from Eng- land. Date. [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and cham- berlains of our Exchequer, greeting. We will, by the advice of our council, and we com- mand you, that, to our very dear and wellbeloved cousin, Gilles of Bretaigne, at present being in this our realm of England, who is on his departure out of this our realm, you cause to be delivered of our gift a cup of gold of the value of a hundred marks, and a hundred pounds therein. Given under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the xiij. day of December, in the twenty-second year of our reign. Benet. 442 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1444 . Mandate for the payment to Windsor herald of the arrears of his wages. wages, to be paid to Windsor herald. A D. 1444. Henri, by the grace of God, kinge of Engelande June 3. an( j 0 f France, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer Forty and chamberleins of oure Eschequier, greting. theamount ^ or asmoc ^ e as we have nnderstande, by a suppli- of his cacion presented unto ns, that where onre welbeloved servant Wyndesore herault, by oure commaundement, by the space of iiij. yere past, or nerby, went into oure reauime of Fraunce and duchie of Normandie to bere unto oure cousin of Somerset, now decessed, and to oure righte trusty and welbeloved the lorde Fauconberge, thordre of Gartier, he, in his goinge unto the siege of Harefleu, there beinge the said lordes at that tyme, brast iij. of his ribbes and his arme by fallinge of his hors, as he seithe ; and for asmoche as he mighte not pursue for his wages of x. ti. by yere, by cause of the said infortune, he is behincle therof into this day, as he seithe, whiche wages extenden to the somme of xl. li. as he seithe. We therfore, con[si]deringe the premisses, wol and charge you that ye doo make redy paiement, or sufficient assignement, unto the said Wyndesore, of al suehe fees and wages beinge behinde as be due unto him into this day. Yevene undre oure Prive Seel, at oure castel of Berkhampstede, the iij. day of Juyn, the yere of oure regne xxij. ( Dorse >.) Inde reeepit hoc termino in denariis x. li. Date. HENRY THE SIXTH. 443 1444 . Account of the expenses incurred upon the part of queen Margaret in her journey into England. De JVIISIS, CUSTUBUS ET EXPENSIS FACTIS ULTRA MARE A.D. 1444. PRO ADVENTU PR/EDI LECTiE CONSORTIS REGIS, July 17 ‘ Margarets begins, ad pr^esentiam suam in Angliam, inter 1 xvii. diem Julii, anno xxii. REGIS NUNC, AD XVI. DIEM OCTOBRIS, ANNO XXIIII., PER JOHANNEM BrEKENOKE ET JOHANNEM Everdone. Auditores rWillelmus Fallane, baro. 1 Ricardus Bedforde, clericus. Compotus Johannis Brckenok et Joliannis Ever- The ac- done, clericorum compotorum in hospitio regis, nuper opened deputatorum et assignatorum ad eundum ultra mare, ad solvendum et contentandum pro omnibus talibus oneribus quae rex supportaret pro adventu prsedi- lectse uxoris suse reginse ad prsesentiam suam in Angliam, per breve regis de Privato Sigillo suo, datum xvj. die Octobris 2 anno xxiiij. regis Henrici vj., thesaurario et camerariis 3 et baronibus hujus scaccarii directum, et irrotulatum in Memorandis de dicto anno xxiiij. inter brevia directa baronibus de termino Michaelis eodem anno, rotulo xvijmo. ex parte Rememoratoris regis. In quo continetur, pro kyv ir(ue eo quod rex nuper deputavit et assignavit dilectos king’s writ, suos dictos Johannem Breknoke et Johannem Ever- ^ ere reci " done, clericos compotorum in hospitio suo, ad eundum ultra mare ad solvendum et contentandum pro 1 Inter'] Namely, between 17 July, A.D. 1444, and 16 Oct. A.D. 1445. 2 xvj. die Octobris ] 1 6 October, A.D. 1445. 3 Et camerariis J An addition between the lines. 444 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: omnibus talibus oneribus quse rex supportaret et sustentaret pro adventu prsedilectse consortis suse reginse ad prsesentiam suam in Angliam, qua de causa ipsi diversas denari orum summas de rege de prsestito receperunt. Rex igitur vult, et prsefatis thesaurario et baronibus mandat, quod debite com- putent cum prsefatis Jolianne et Johanne, conjunctim et divisim, per eorum sacramenta, et per sacramen- tum alterius eorum, de omnimodis custagiis, expensis et solutionibus, quae ipsi aliquo modo supportaverunt et sustinuerunt a tempore quo, causa prsedicta, ipsi ceperunt ' super eos onus prsedictum, tarn in eundo ultra mare pro 1 dilecta consorte regis, regin a Anglise, cum dilecto et fideli consanguineo suo, marcbione Suffolcise, quam ibidem expectando, et in reveniendo ad prsesentiam regis in regnum suum Anglise, et de denariis quos ipsi de rege, causa prsedicta, receperunt ; et quod iidem tliesaurarii et barones eisdem Jo- hanni et Jolianni in compotis suis per eorum sacra- menta faciant allocacionem de omnimodis custagiis, expensis, et solutionibus per ipsos aliquo modo pro adventu reginse prsedictse ad prsesentiam regis factis et solutis, a tempore quo ipsi super eos ceperunt onus prsedictum, ut supra, usque datum hujus brevis. Et per idem breve rex vult quod prsefati thesau- rarii et camerarii de omni eo quod per compotum prsedictum invenitur fore debitum eisdem Jolianni et Jolianni, solutionem vel sufficiens assignamentum ha- bere faciant, prout ratio vult: videlicet, tam de denariis per ipsos, vel ali quern alium eorum nomine, receptis, quam de omnibus et singulis custis, misis et expensis, causa prsedicta factis inter xvij. diem Julii anno xxij. dicti regis nunc, quo die idem Johannes et Johannes causa prsedicta ceperunt onus prsedictum, de mandato domini regis et consilii sui, Pro] The MS. reads prse* HENRY THE SIXTH. 445 et prcedictum xvj. diem Octobris, anno ejusdem regis xxiiij., scilicet, per uniim annum et unum quarterium anni, ut infra. Recepta Scaccarii. Ii dem reddunt compotum de ml ml dcccc. iiij xx j. li. T l eir ij. 5. ix. d. ob. per ipsos receptis de thesaurario et ceipts ’ camerariis ad Receptam Scaccarii regis, termino Pas- clue, anno xxij. dicti regis nunc, per manus proprias, quam aliter ad vices, videlicet xxvj. die Augusti, per manus proprias ml ml ix.c.xlvj. li. ij. s. ix. d. tarn super vadiis quinque baronum et baronissarum, cujus- libet ad iiij. s. vj. d. per diem ; xvij. militum, cujus- libet ad ij. s. vj. d„ ; lxv. armigerorum, cujuslibet ad xviij. d. ; clxxiiiij. valettorum, cujuslibet ad vj. d. j 1 xj. valettorum charemene, xix valettorum palfredorum et sumpterorum, cujuslibet ad iiij. d. per diem, per quar- terium unius anni ; quam super expensis liospitii regime, ac pro aliis rebus necessariis pro eodem lios- pitio, necnon pro eskippamento et passagio reginse et personarum priedictarum, eodem die, per manus Petri Bowmane xxxj. li., super passagio et repassagio mar- cliionis Suffolciee et aliarum personarum, et eodem die per manus Henrici Whitliorne, servientis regis, iiij. li., super passagium prsefatse regime et aliorum, sicut continetur in Pelle Memorandorum de eisdem termino et anno, et etiam in quodam iibro 2 ipsorum Johannis Brekenoke et Joliannis Everdone, clericorum compoto- rum, de particulis hie in thesauro liberato. Et de dcccc.lxvj. li. xiiij. s. iiij. d. per ipsos receptis de eisdem thesaurario et camerariis ad Receptam 1 vj. d ~\ Written above tbe line ; a correction of the previous faulty reading, “ iiij.d. per diem per quar- terium unius.” These words are underlined, for omission. . 2 In quodam libro'] This book has been sought for among the Exche- quer Accounts, but unsuccessfully. 446 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : preedictam, termino Michaelis, anno xxiij., tam per manus proprias quam aliter, videlicet, xiij mo die Novembris, per manns Petri Bowmane, ccc.xxxiij. li. vj. s. viij. d. super passaginm reginee^ marchionis Suffolkiee, et aliarnm personarum, xxviij. die Novembris, per manus suas proprias, c. li. super passagio eorum- dem reginee ad partes exteras pro transportatione et conductu reginee et aliarnm personarum in preesentia sua versus regnnm Angliee, sicut continetur in Pelle Memorandorum, eisdem termino et anno, et etiam in dicto libro de particulis. Et de cxxxiij. li. vi. s. viij. d. receptis de eisdem. thesaurario et camerariis ad Beceptam prtedictam, ix. die Aprilis, termino Paschee, dicto anno xxiij., per manus dicti Johannis Brekenoke, de bospitio regis, recipientis denarios per manus Willelmi Buctone, servientis Willelmi Cantelowe, merceri Londoniee, apud Boan, super passaginm reginee et aliarum per- sonarum versus partes Anglise, sicut continetur in Pelle Memorandorum ad eandem Beceptam de eisdem ter- mino et anno, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et de clij. li. x. s. receptis de eisdem thesaurario et camerariis ad Beceptam preedictam, videlicet, primo die Martii, termino Michaelis, dicto anno xxiij. vide- licet, per manus Johannis Brekenoke, cxvij. li. vj. s. viij. d. per manus Petri Bowmane, xiij. li. iij. s. iiij. d., per manus Willelmi Wittelsey, xxij. li., super eskippa- mento reginse ac passagio et repassagio marchionis Suffolcise, et aliorum in comitiva sua proficiscentium pro transportatione reginee versus prsesentiam regis, sicut continetur in Pelle Memorandorum ad eandem Beceptam de eisdem termino et anno, et sicut con- tinetur ibidem. Summa receptee Scaccarii, m 1 . m 1 . m 1 . m 1 . cc.xxxiij. li. xij. s. ix. d. ob. HENRY THE SIXTH. 447 Recepta Forinseca. Et de xl. s. receptis de Thoma Wente, valetto officii stabularise domini regis, ut in pretio nnius equi ambuleri albi, eidem Thomge per Joliannem Hamptone, armigerum, magistrnm equorum dominse reginse, libe- rate et postea per eundem Tliomam ad usum domini regis venditi ; sicut continetur in dicto libro ipsorum clericorum de particulis, hie in thesauro liberato. Et de lij. li. xv. s. receptis primo die Octobris, dicto anno xxiij . de hominibus vilke Quinque Portnum per nianus J ohannis Brekenoke, videlicet, de hominibus villse 1 de Hithe, xxx. li. de hominibus villse de Wyn- chelsey, x. li. xv. s. de hominibus villse de Rumpney, xij. li., in partem solutionis vadiorum diversorum marinariorum tunc temporis in servitio domini regis existentium, pro eskippamento dominm reginse et familise suse in Anglia, quod quidem servitium pro xv. diebus ad sumptus proprios domino regi debetur, causa liber tatis franchesii sui, sicut continetur ibidem. Et de xx. li. receptis, die et anno prsedictis, de diver- sis dominis, militibus, et aliis, per manus dicti Johan- nis Brekenoke ad vices, dicto anno xxiij. • videlicet, una vice, de venerabili in Christo patre, episcopo de Coustaunce, vj. li., alia vice de domino Jacobo Ormonde, vj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d., et tertia vice de Hugone Coke- sey, milite, vij. li. vj. s. viij. d. pro eskippamento hominum et equorum suorum in comitiva marchionis Suffolcise transeuntium et redeuntium, ultra certum numerum per consilium domini regis illis appunctua- tum, sicut continetur ibidem. Et do cvj. s. viij. d. receptis de hominibus villre de Portesmouthe, die et anno prsedictis, per manus Johan- nis Brekenoke, dominse regime, ibidem ix. die Aprilis Villa'] Added between the lines. 448 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS ; anno praedicto applicant^ collatis, in partem solutionis expensarum suarum et family suae ibidem, sicut con- tine tur ibidem. Et de xx. s. receptis de praedicto Thoma Wente, valetto stabuli, ut in pretio unius equi ambuleri albi, recepti de praedicto Jolianne Hamptone, armigero, ac magistro equorum dominae reginae, de dono episcopi Hereforde, et per ipsum venditi infra tempus computi, sicut con tine tur ibidem. Et de dccc. xliij. li. vij. s. vj. d. ob. debitis diversis creditoribus pro vadiis diversis dominorum, dominarum, damisellarum, militum, scutiferorum, valettorum, et marinariorum supradictorum, eis a retro existentibus et non solutis, unde praedicti computantes habent allo- cationem in isto computo suo, ut patet inferius ; quo- rum creditorum nomina, cum su minis eis particulariter debitis. in dicto libro de particulis singillatim anno- tantur. Summa Receptae forinsecae, dccc. iiij xx . xv. li. ix. s. ij. d. ob. Summa totalis Receptae conjunctae, vm 1 . cxxix. li. ij. s. Expense. Expenses, De quibus iidem computant in expensis hospitii u^Qu^en’s reginae praedictae per dietas, videlicet, a xviij mo die household. Martii, dicto anno xxiij dicti regis nunc, quo die dicta regina cum familia sua incipiebat liospitium apud Pounteyse, usque diem Mercurii, scilicet, xiiij. die Aprilis eodem anno, quo die eadem regina cum tota familia sua venit ad praesentiam regis apud Suthamp- tone, scilicet, per xxviij. dies, dxxx. li. ij. s. x. d. tarn per praedictum breve regis supra in titulo hujus com- poti annotatum, quam per sacramentum ipsorum Johan- nis et Jobannis, et sicut continetur in dicto libro de- par ticulis. HENRY THE SIXTH. 449 Et in oblationibus ipsius dominpe reginpe, tam in Offerings, parfcibus Fraucipe et Normannipe, quam in partibns Anglipe, ad Missas principales in prpesentia sua ad diversas vices celebratas, iiij. li. x. s., per breve et sacramentum prpedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis duabus vicibns Henrico Trevilliane, Alms, capellano, eleemosinario dominpe reginpe, liberatis, vide- licet, una vice xxij. s. iiij. d. ad distribuendum diversis pauperibus inter Mannte et Hounflete, et in die Para- sceves de eleemosyna dominpe reginpe ; et secunda vice vj. li. xvij. s. ix. d. ob. ut in precio xxxix. ulnarum, iij. quarteriorum, panni, colons de Gryse, ad diversa pretia, pro xiiij. robis et xiiij. 1 capiciis inde faciendis, pro vesturis xiiij. pauperum mulierum, et pro factura eorumdem xiiij. parium sotularium emptornm pro eis- dem ; viij. ulnis teli linei champ’, pro naprons, una cum xvj. s. iiij. d. in moneta, videlicet, cuilibet pauperi mulieri xiiij. d. die Coenpe Domini, de eleemosyna ipsius reginpe, viij. 1. i. d. ob. per breve et sacramen- tum prpedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis et regardis Joliannis Boyes de Rone, Wages, magistri unius balenger vocati Le Martynet, cum xij. marinariis et navigantibus ; Johannis de Connewe, magistri balinger vocati George de Yenys, cum viij. marinariis ; Johannis Greke, magistri unius bargpe vo- catpe Le IJrce, cum vij. marinariis ; Geffrey de Mo- ley ne, magistri unius bargipe vocatpe Le Moleyne, cum vij. marinariis, venientibus in servitiis regis primo die Marcii anno xxiij., cum marinariis et navigantibus prpedictis de Rone usque Maunte, et ibidem attenden- tibus super adventu dominpe reginpe et familipe suoe, et redeuntibus de ibidem usque Rone, per iij. septi- manas infra tempus prpedictum, xvj. li. xiiij. s. vj. d. per breve et sacramentum prpedicta, et sicut contine- tur ibidem. 1 Robis et xiiij.'] Added above the line. VOL. I. F F 450 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : ofplate 10n ^ ^ enar ^ s s °l u tis Johanni Tybaude, aurifabro Rothomagensi, pro expulsione et remotione armornm Henrici de Luxenburghe, nuper cancellarii Franciae, de diversis vessellamentis argenteis ab eo emptis pro do- mina regina, et armis praedictis assignatis, unacum verbratione praedietorum vessellamentorum argenteorum et planatione ibidem, de regardo ei facto, liij. s. iiij. d. per breve et sacramentum praedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Keep of a Et in denariis solutis Johanni Fouke et Peryne Galy- mane pro putura et custodia unius leonis praesentati dominae reginae apud Tichefelde, nna cum cariagio ejus- dem leonis de ibidem usque Turrim Londoniae, pro liujusmodi expensis suis et dicti leonis, lxv. s. iiij. d. per breve et sacramentum praedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Outlay of Et in expensis dictorum Johannis Everdone et Jo- tants CC ° Un ^ ann i s Brekenoke, assignatorum pro expensis hospitii dominae reginae faciendis et solvendis ; scilicet, J ohannis Everdone, equitantis de Wodestoke usque Londone pro diversis necessariis pro dicto hospitio providendis, nec- non super solutione vadiorum diversorum dominorum, dominarum, militum, scutiferorum, et aliorum officia- riorum in partes Franciae proficiscendorum, solvendo- rum et prosequendorum penes concilium domini regis pro moneta pro dicto hospitio liabenda ; et dicti *J o- hannis Brekenoke, pro salvo conductu et cariagio mo- netae de Londonia usque Portesmouthe et Normanniam pro vadiis diversorum marinariorum solvendis, necnon existentis Londone et alibi attendentis super concilium domini regis super diversis appunctuamentis pro ad- ventu dominae reginae in Angliam faciendis, necnon transeuntis de Rone usque in Angliam ad Londone, et ibidem prosequendi penes consilium domini regis pro moneta pro solutione diversorum marinariorum liabenda, et super aliis negotiis dictae reginae, et redeuntis usque Normanniam, una cum conductione hominum pro salvo HENRY THE SIXTH. 451 concluctu et cariagio monetse prsedictse cxxxvj. li. xiiij. s. iiij. d'. per breve et sacramentum pnedicta, et sicut con- tinetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis pro expensis lj. equorum do- Horses, minse reginse venientium ad expensas domini regis, ab xj. die Septembris anno xxiij. usque xviij. diem Martii extunc proxime sequentis, in partibus Anglise, Francise et Normanniae, videlicet, per ciiij xx . viij. dies, primo die computato et non ultimo, cxxviij. li. xix. s. ij. d., per breve et sacramentum prsedicta, et sicut con- tinetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis diversis marinariis tarn pro Wages of passagio Beatricis dominre de Talbot et aliarum do- sailors ’ minarum [et] damisellarum in comitiva domince regina^, de Hounflete usque Rone, unacum batillagio hernesim suae, quam batillagio et frettagio hernesise diversorum officiariorum et victualium liospitii dominse reginse de Hounflete usque Rone, et recariagio dictse hernesise de Rone usque Hounflete, cum lodmonagio ; necnon pro batillagio diversorum hernesiorum, curruum et stabuli dominse reginse de Caudebeke usque Rone, ac etiam pro batillagio diversorum victualium et hernesise hospitii dominse reginse de Hounflete usque navim vocatam Mary of Hamptone, remigantis apud Kid- cawe, assignatse pro bospitio dominse reginse ; et etiam pro consimili batillagio victualium et hernesise eamerse, et dominis officiariis hospitii dominse reginse de Hounflete usque navim vocatam Cocke Jobne, assignatam pro passagio corporis dominse reginse et aliorum dominorum et dominarum super prsesentiam suam attendentium, remigantem apud Kidcawse, vj. li. ij. s. viij. d. per eadem breve et sacramentum, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis Laurentio Werbam et Merlvne Messen- €/ pursevaunte, missis de Hounflete usque Cane et alia ° ’ diversa loca ad arrestandas et providendas diversas naves pro passagio dictse regime ; videlicet, de hujus- F F 2 452 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Personal attendants. Miscella- neous pay- ments. modi expensis suis, liominum et equorum suorum, una cum diversis batellis conductis pro arestatione et providentia praedictis faciendis, xxxviij. s. per breve et sacramentum praedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis liberatis tarn ad manus retinae in O camera sua 1 pro regardis et expensis diversorum domicellorum, armigerorum, et aliorum familiae suae extraneorum secum venientium de partibus Aurilienciae et Loreyne, et super personam suam quotidie atten- dentium, quam in denariis solutis duobus valettis pedestribus ejusdem reginae, quotidie similiter atten- dentibus super personam suam in partibus Franciae, Normanniae et Angliae ; necnon in denariis liberatis magistro Francisco, physico ejusdem reginae, pro diversis aromatibus, confectionibus, pulveribus et speciebus, per ipsum emptis et provisis pro medicina inde facienda pro salva custodia personae dictae reginae ; ac etiam in denariis solutis Peryne Angeatre, valetto coquinae, conducto ad auxiliandum et laborandum in officio co- quinae 2 pro persona praefatae reginae per iiij or sep- timanas ; et in denariis solutis Johanni Pole, valetto, misso de Soutliamptone versus Londone cum tribus equis pro Margareta Cliamberleyne, tyremakere, in praesentia dominae reginae conducta, pro diversis negotiis dictam dominant reginam tangentibus, pro expensis suis eundo et redeundo de domo dominae praedictae, per praeceptum et mandatum Willelmi de la Pole, marcbionis et comitis SufFolciae, per eadem breve et sacramentum, et sicut continetur, xxxvj. li. v. s. x. (I ibidem. Et in diversis donis et regardis factis diversis hos- pitii reginae famulis, et liernesiis suis 3 in diversis locis 1 Camera sua] Cameram suam, MS. 2 Coquince ] Written above the line. 3 Et liernesiis The text appears to be faulty here. HENRY THE SIXTH. 453 in partibus Francise et Normannke, pro deterioratione domorum et yessellorum suorum ad diversas vices, xxvij. s. viij. d. per breve et sacramentum prsedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis diversis clericis scribentibns et compilantibus particulas hujus compoti, et aliarum evidentiarum liuic compoto incumbentium, de regardo pro laboribus suis, lxvj. s. viij. d. per eadem breve et sacramentum, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis vij. trumpettis alienigenis, tu- bantibus et venientibus cum domina regina in duabus galeis de Geene passantibus dictam reginam inter Portesmouthe et Hamptone, x mo die Aprilis, dicto anno xxiij., de dono dictse reginse, xxiij. s. iiij. d. per eadem breve et sacramentum, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in denariis solutis Johanni Gippe, Willelmo Smythe, Hawkyne Dowe et Radulpho Mors, pro iiij. equis ab eis emptis ad diversa pretia, unde unus equus liberatus pro sommario pro officio celarii, in custodia Willelmi Mallam ; unius alii pro sommario domus compoti, in custodia J ohannis Snelle ; tertius pro sommario in officio panetarke et eleemosynarise, in custodia J ohannis Skynner ; et iiij tus pro sommario in officio scutellarke et salsarise, in custodia Ricardi Wyngolde, xiij. li. vj. s. viii. d. per breve et sacra- mentum prsedicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis diversorum baronum, baronissarum, militum, dominarum, capellanorum, clericorum, dami- sellarum, scutiferorum, valettorum et aliorum officia- riorum hospitii domini regis in comitiva marchionis Suffolcise in partes Francise proficiscentis, pro trans- portatione prsefatse domino reginse ad prsesentiam domini regis in Anglia, anno regni dicti regis nunc xxiij. et sic transire tando, ibidem morando et redeundo per dimidium anni in servitio regis ; videlicet, trium baronum, quolibet ad iiij. s. vj. d. ; duarum baronessa- 454 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : rum, utraque ad iiij. s. vj. d. ; ix. militum, quolibet ad ij. s. vj. ; duarum dominarum, utraque ad ij. s. vj. d. • vj. damisellarum, qualibet ad xviij. d. ; iiij. chamberers, qualibet ad vj. d. ; iiij. capellauorum et clericorum officiariorum, quolibet ad ij. s. vj. d. ; et 1. scutiferorum, capellanorum, clericorum et servientium ad arma, quolibet ad xviij. d. ; clij. valettorum, quo- libet ad vj. d. ; et xxx. valettorum, quolibet ad iiij. a., per idem tempus m 1 . m 1 . cxx. li. vj. s. per breve et sa- cramentum predicta, et sicut conti net ur ibidem. Et in vadiis Thome Roche, servientis curie domine regine, pro vadiis suis ad xij. d. ad diem, in comitiva prefati marchionis in dictas partes Francie in forma predicta proficiscentis, scilicet, per tempus predictum ix. li. ij. s., per breve et sacramentum predicta, et sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis Henrici Treviliane, subeleemosynarii domine regine, in comitiva predicti marchionis in partes Francie, ut supra,, proficiscentis, scilicet, per iiij xx . xj. dies ; capientis per diem xij. d., scilicet, per idem tempus, iiij. li. xj. s. per eadem breve et sacramentum, sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis Johannis Blake et Willelmi Nethe, va- lettorum, vicissim karremen, scilicet, in comitiva ejus- dem marchionis proficiscentium in partibus prsedictis ; videlicet, dicti Johannis per cxxj. dies, et dicti Wil- elmi per iiij xx . j. dies, utroque eorum capiente per diem iiij. d. per idem tempus, Ixx. s. viij. d. per eadem breve et sacramentum, sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis Agnetis Parre, damicellse dominse regi- nee, ad xviij. d., et unius chamberere ad vj. d. per diem, pro iiij xx . xj. diebus, recipientium denarios et non ve- nientium in partes Francise in servitio domini regis, eo quod licentiate fuerunt per ipsum regem, ix. li. ij. s. per breve regis de privato sigillo suo, datum xiiij. die Novembris, anno xxiiij. regis prsedicti, the- saurario et baronibus hujus scaccarii directum, inter HENRY THE SIXTH. 455 brevia directa baronibus de termino Hillarii, eodem anno, rotulo xxv., ex parte Rememoratoris regis. In quo, inter csetera, continetur, quod rex prsefatis the- saurario et baronibus certificavit quod qualiter dilecta sibi Agnes, uxor dilecti et fidelis armigeri, Gilberti Parre, hostiarii camerse sum, inter alias dominas et damisellas per mandatum domini regis assignata fuit ad attendendum super consanguineam suam, comitis- sam Suffolcim, pro conductu prmdilectse uxoris sum reginm extra regnum suum Francim ad prmsentiam suam, et pro qua intentione ipsa recipit ix. li. ij. s. pro vadiis per man us prmdictorum Johannis Brekenoke et Johannis; Everdone et ita est quod pro diversis causis et considerationibus, prmdicta Agnes ad volun- tatem et licentiam regis infra regnum suum Anglia? expectabit, et causa prmdicta non transmeabit, ideo rex vult, et per idem breve thesaurario et baronibus mandat, quod in compoto quod prmfati Johannes et Johannes prmfato domino regi coram eis reddituri [sunt], iidem thesaurarius et barones ipsos pro delibe- ration dictarum ix. li. ij. s. prmfatm Agnetrn in forma prmdicta, in scaccario prmdicto, exonerent et acquietent. Et etiam idem rex vult, et dictis thesaurario et ba- ronibus mandat, quod dictos Gilbert um et Agnetem pro receptione ejusdem summm, expectatione ipsius Agnetis non obstante, ut supra dictum est, exonerent, sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis Willelmi Gedney, scutiferi, ad xviij. d. et unius valetti ad vj. d. per diem, pro iiij xx . xj. die- bus, recipientium denarios et non venientium in partes Francim in servitio domini regis, eo quod licentiati fuerunt per ipsum regem, ix. ii. ij. s. per breve regis de privato sigillo suo, datum primo die Januarii, dicto anno xxiij., prmfatis thesaurario et baronibus directum, et irrotulatum inter brevia directa baronibus de ter- mino Sanctse Trinitatis eodem anno, rotulo xxiij. ex parte Rememoratoris regis. In quo continetur pro eo 456 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : quod rex constituit dilectum sibi prsefatum Willelmum Gedney, secretarium prsedilectse uxoris suae reginse, et ad ipsum praeparandum ad transeundum ultra mare cum aliis servientibus suis, ac etiam dedit in mandatis quod dictae ix. li. ij. s. sibi per manus Jobannis Breke- noke deliberarentur pro vadiis suis in viagio prsedicto, rex considerans qualiter praefatus Willelmus dictas ix. ii. ij. s. unde multo magis de bonis suis propriis expendidit, et paratus et promptus fuit ad perimplen- dum mandatum regis praedictum antequam nunc secre- tarius ad dictum officium oneratus fuit, ut dicitur, rex, de gratia sua speciali, concessit praefato Willelmo dictas ix. li. ij. s. ad habendum de dono suo absque damno in tempore futuro. Ideo rex vult, et praefatis thesaurario et baronibus mandat, quod ipsi in compoto ipsius Johannis Brekenoke allocent sibi dictas ix. li. ij s., non obstante quod idem Willelmus eandem sum- mam in servitio regis ultra mare non expendidit prout per regem appunctuatum fuit, sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis xviij. magistrorum xviij. navium cum ciiij xx . xviij. marinariis et xv. pagettis, a v. die Sep- tembris dicto anno xxvij. usque xj. diem Aprilis ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet per xxxj. septimanas ; ix. magistrorum ix. navium, cum xlviij. marinariis et viij. pagettis, a prsedicto v. die Septembris eodem anno usque vij. diem Novembris ex tunc proximo sequentis, per ix septimanas ; duorum magistrorum duarum na- vium cum xxj. marinariis et duobus pagettis, ab eodem v. die Septembris, dicto anno xxiij., usque xxj. diem Novembris tunc proximo sequentis, per xj. septima- nas ; xiiij. magistrorum xiiij. navium, cum clxviij. ma- rinariis et v. pagettis, a dicto v. die Septembris anno xxiij. usque x. diem Januarii ex tunc proximo sequen- tis, per xviij. septimanas, continue attendentium super eskippamentum prsefatse dominse reginse, et super pas- sagium et repassagium Willelmi de la Pole, marchionis HENKY THE SIXTH. 457 et comifcis Suffolche, et aliarum personarum in comi- tiva sua in partes Francise proficiscentium pro trans- portatione ejusdem reginse versus prsesentiam regis in Angliam ; quolibet magistro capiente vj. d. per diem, quolibet marinario ij. s. iij. d., et quolibet pagetto xiij. d. ob. per septimanam ; nec non in diversis dp- nis et regardis factis magistris diversis navium pas- santium dominam reginam, famulos domini regis et reginaj, dominos, dominas, scutiferos, valettos et alios homines, equos et hernesias suas 1 inter Hounflete et Portesmouthe et alios diversos portus et loca in Anglia et Francia, cum quodam regardo facto Wil- lelmo Sopere pro passagio suo inter Hamptone et Rone per mandatum domini regis transmisso, et ibi- dem demoranti super adventu dominse reginte et super personam suam in navi sua pro salvo conductu prse- fatte per mare continue attendenti. Ac etiam in vadiis et regardis Johannis Cole, magistri marinarii, et aliorum marinariorum pro lodmanage diversarum navium attendentium super personam domime regime et famulorum suorum, una cum denariis solutis Jo- lianni Sympsone, pursero navis vocatse Cokke Johne, pro uno magno caballo per ipsum empto pro securi- tate dictse navis residentis prope Kiddecaws, et ibidem expectantis adventum dominse regime ; et pro custi- bus et expensis per ipsum factis in dicta navi fa- ciendo diversas cameras et kabanas, et j. pontem pro ingressu et herbergagio prsefatse reginse et aliorum dominorum et dominarum secum transfretantium in dicta navi. Ac in uno homine conducto in lodma- nage cujusdam navis vocatse Christofre of New Cas- telle, inter Thamise et Portesmouthe, nec non [pro] una batella conducta pro passagio domime reginse de Hounflete usque navem Thomse Eliot vocatam Trinite 1 Silas'] An interlineation. 458 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : cle Colcliestre, m. dccc. x. ii. ix. s. viij. d. ob. per breve regis prsedictum, supra in titulo liujus compoti an- notatum, et sacramentum ipsorum computantium, sicut continetur ibidem. Et in vadiis iiij. magistrorum iiij. navi uni de Has- tynges cum xlvij. marinariis etj. pagetto, applicantium apud Portesmouthe in servitio regis, videlicet, a xxix. die Septembris dicto anno xxiij. usque xj. diem Aprilis ex tunc proximo sequentem, per clxxix. dies ; magistri navis vocatse Peter de Wynclielsey cum xviij. mari- nariis, a v. die Octobris anno prsedicto, usque xj. diem Aprilis, per clxxij. dies ; magistri navis vocatse Mawd- deyne of Wynclielsey, cum vij. marinariis et uno pagetto, a prsedicto v. die Octobris usque ix. diem Februarii ex tunc proxime sequentis, per cxij. dies ; duorum magistrorum duarum navium de Wynclielsey cum xvij. marinariis, a xxix. die Septembris anno prmdicto, usque xj. diem Aprilis ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet, per clxxix. dies ; duorum magis- trorum duarum navium de Wynchelsey cum xvij. marinariis, a xxxix. die Septembris anno prsedicto usque x. diem Januarii turn proximo sequentis, scilicet, per iiij xx . viij. dies ; magistri navis vocatse Mary of Wynclielsey cum x. marinariis, a v. die Octobris usque xxx. diem ejusdem mensis per x. dies ; iiij. magistro- rum iiij. navium de Pyee, Lydde et Romney, cum xlviij. marinariis et ij. pagettis, ab eodem v. die Octo- bris usque xj. diem Aprilis ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet, per clxxij. dies ; duorum magistrorum duarum navium de Hitlie cum xiij. marinariis et uno pagetto, de prsedicto v. die Octobris usque xxiij. diem Novem- bris, ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet, per xxxiiij. dies ; trium magistrorum iij. navium de Dovoyre cum xlviij. marinariis, a prmdicto v. die Octobris 1 usque xj. Octobris ] Written upon an erasure. HENRY THE SIXTH. 459 diem Aprilis tunc proximo sequentis per clxvij. dies : magistri navis vocatm Mary of Sandewyclie cum xxiij. marinariis, per tempus prsedictum ; magistri unius navis vocatrn George de Sandewyclie cum xviij. marinariis, ab eodem v. die Octobris usque xix. diem Januarii ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet, per iiijxx. x j. dies; trium magistrorum iij. navium de Sandewyclie, et magistri unius navis de Feversham, cum xxxviij. mari- nariis, a dicto v. die Octobris usque xj. diem Aprilis ex tunc proximo sequentis, scilicet, per clxxij. dies, venientium in servitium regis in dictis navibus et sic existentium usque dies supradictos, ultra vadia dicto- ruin marinariorum Quinque Portuum pro servitio xv. diertim domino regi dcbito causa libertatis et franchesim sum, dclxxij. li. ix. s. j. d. ob. per breve et sacramentum prsedicta, sicut continetur ibidem. Summa expensarum v. m 1 . dxxxiij. li. xxiij. d. PllYESTITA. Iidem computant in denariis penes Petrum Bow- i>re mane de prsestito, ut in denariis in navibus suis rema« nentibus per ipsum receptis ad Beceptam Scaccarii, videlicet, una vice, iij. s. iiij. d. alia vice, xiij. li. viij. s. x. d., xxvj. die Augusti termino Paschm anno xxij., et tertia vice, videlicet, primo die Martii termino Micbaelis anno xxiiij., xiiij. li. iij. s. iiij. d., ob. super passagium et repassagium marcliionis Suffolcise et alio- rum in comitiva sua versus partes Franciee proficis- centium pro transportation dominrn reginge in An- gliam, et oneratis super prsefatos Johannem Brekenoke et Johannem Everdone, sicut continetur in Pelle Memo- randorum ad eandam Keceptam de eisdem diebus et annis, unde eis nondum computavit, xxvj. li. xv. s. vj. d. sicut continetur in dicto libro de particulis ; de quibus quidem xxvj. xv. s. vj. d. prmfatus Petrus Bowmane debet regi respond ere. Et respondit. 460 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Balance of the account. A.D. 1444. August 12. 26Z.135.4d to be paid to certain persons going into Erance. Et Henricus Withom, serviens regis ad arraa, de prsestito, ufc in denariis in manibus snis remanentibus per ipsum receptis ad Receptam prsedictam prsedicto xxvj. die Augusti, termino Paschse, anno xxij. ad dnas vices, super passagium et repassagiura prsedicta, et super prsedictos Johannem et Joliannem oneratis, sicut continetur in Pelle prsedicta, unde eis nondum computavit, iiij. li., sicut continetur ibidem. De qui- bus quidem iiij. li. prsefatus Henricus Withom debet regi respondere. Et respondit. Summa prsestitorum xxx. li. xv. s. vj. d. Summa omnium expensarum et prsestitarum v. m 1 . dlxxiij. ii. xvij. s. v. cl. Et habent superplus ccccxxxiiij. li. xx s. v. d. Qui allocantur prsefato Johanni Breke- noke in Botulo xxvij. in Item Beddford, videlicet, in quodam debito suo de officio Generalis Receptoris ducatus regis Cornubise. 1444. Mandate for the payment of money to certain persons going to the queen in France. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberlains of oure Eschequier, greting. We wol, by tliadvis of oure counsail, and charge you that, unto oure trusty and welbeloved knyghtes, Robert Roos and Thomas Hoo, and to Garter kyng-of- armes, whom we sende nowe into oure reaume ol Fraunce, unto oure best beloved wyf the quene, etc., HENRY THE SIXTH. 4G1 ye paie and deliver in hande, for tlieire shipping toward onre saide reaume, xxvj. li. xiij.s. iiij. d. Ycvene undre oure Prive Seel, at Westminster, the Date, xij. day of Augst, the yere of oure reyne xxij. Benet. (Dor so) Persolutum hoc termino. 1444. Mandate for the payment of money to Lowys ap Meredetli. Henri, par la grace de Dieu, roy Dengleterre ct a.d. 1444. de Fraunce, et seigneur Dirlande, as tresorer et Au gust 18 - chamberlains de notre Eschequier, saluz. Fifty Pour ce que nous envoions presentement, ovec autres, ° to en notre message en notre roiaulme de Fraunce, a Lowys ap notre treschier et tresame compaigne la reigne, notre marshal ot ’ chier et bien ame Lowys ap Meredithe, maresclial Mantes, de Maunte, volons purtant, de lavis de notre counsail, [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God, king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and cham- berlains of our Exchequer, greeting. Because we send at this time, with others, upon our message into our realm of France, to our very dear and wellbeloved wife the queen, our dear and wellbeloved Lowys ap Meredithe, mareschal of Maunte, we will never- theless, by the advice of our council, and we command 462 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : et vous mandons que vous facez paier a luy de notre tresor cynquant marcs de notre regarde. Date. Donne soubz notre Prive Seal, a Westminster, le xviij. 1 joure Daugust, lan de notre regne vynt second. Benet. (. Dorso .) Persolutum hoc termino, per manns proprias. 1444. Mandate for the payment of moneys for the expenses of the queen's journey into England. A.D. 1444. Henri, by the grace of God, kyng of Englande Au gust 19. an( j JT raunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorere and chamberlains of oure Eschequier, greting. The estL We, by the advice of oure counsail, have maade mated ex- cer ^ a j n advisamentz of dispenses and coustages that the queen’s by estimacione wolde sumse for the bringing oute of from 67 our reaurae of Fraunce unto oure presence of oure France into mooste beste beloved wyf the quene, as by ij. copies England. ^ ^ said advises, the whiche we sende unto you closed witliinne thees, it may appere unto you more yon, that you cause to be paid to him, of our treasure, fifty marks of our reward. Dated under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the xviij. day of August, in -the twenty-second year of our reign. Benet. 1 xviij.'] These numerals are written upon an erasure, as is also the name of the month. HENRY THE SIXTH. 463 at plain. We wol therfore, by thadvis of oure saide counsail, and charge you that ye deliver, by way of apprest, unto oure welbeloved servantz J ohne Breknoke and to Joline Everdone, clercs in oure housliolde, or to the oon of theim, whom we have assigned to en- tende for and aboute the said expenses, the sommes conteigned in the said cedules after the tenour of theim, to paie the same sommes after the teneure of the said advises. Yevene undre oure Prive Seal, at Westminster, the Date, xix. day of Augst, the yere of oure regne xxij. Benet. (The first schedule .) For thexpenses of the quenes house, after that she is received into the kinges hande, by estimacione of xlv. dayes viij. c. iiij xx ii. vij. d. ob. For other smalle necessaries to be bough te for her saide liousholde, by estimacione cc. li. For lvj. shippes for ij. monethes wages for the pas- sage and repassage of the quene and of her housholde m 1 . ccxxx. ii. xiiij. s. viij. d. Benet. (The second schedule.) v. barons et baronesses, chacun iiij. s. vj. d. le jour, et iij. esquiers, chacun ad xxiij. d. le jour, ij. valettes, chacun ad vj. d. le jour, pour iiij xx xj. dies. [Translation.] Five barons and baronesses, each four shillings and six- pence the day, and three esquires, each at twenty-three pence the day, two valets, each at sixpence the day, for ninety-one days. 464 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Le countroller ad ij. s. vj. d. le jour et j. esquier ad xviij. d. le jour, ij. valettes, chacun ad vj. le jour, pour iiij xx x j. dies. xiij. chivalers, cliacun ad ij. S. vj. le jour, et vj. valett, chacun ad vj. d. le jour, pour iiij xx xj. dies. xlvij. esquiers, chacun ad xviij. d. le jour, et j. vallet, chacun ad vj. d. le jour, pour iiij xx xj. dies. iiij xx ij. vallets, chacun ad vj. d. le jour, pour iiij xx xj. dies. xx. sumptermen et alii, chacun ad iiij. d. le jour, pour iiijxx xj. dies. Benet. 1445. Petition to the king for the redress of certain frauds committed at Calais. A.D. 1445. Please hit the kinges good grace to he enfourmed of diversez wronges and disceites done to divers mer- Petition to chauntz of Leythe, in Holancle, he divers merchauntz the king for The controuller at two shillings and sixpence the day, and one esquire at eighteen pence the day, two valets, each at sixpence the day, for ninety-one days. Thirteen knights, each at two shillings and sixpence the day, and six valets, each at sixpence the day, for ninety- one days. Forty-seven esquires, each at eighteen pence the day, and one valet, each at sixpence the day, for ninety-one days. Eighty-two valets, each at sixpence the day, for ninety- one days. Twenty sumptermen and others, each at four pence the day, for ninety-one days. Benet. HENRY THE SIXTH. 465 of the Staple of Caleys, and tliereupone to ordeyne redress of and provide the menes for redresse and remedie in mercantile that partie, as, under the favour of his goode grace, fraudscom- to > mitted, by hereaiter shalle be desirede. means of falsified -p tt i bills upon • CL - the royal The caas is this. Ther is oon Richarde Whete- mint > and crofte, whiche hathe occupied by fete of merchaundize at Calais.’ in Holande, Brabande, Flaundres and at Caleys as factour and attourne to Thomas Thurlande, William Thurlande and to J olxne Lowes, and brought into credence and trust of the saide Holanders by the saide Thomas Thurlande, the whiche seyde and promyttede to the saide Holanders, in the mart at Andewerpe, in the year passede, that thei shulde yeve credence to the said Richarde as to him selfe, and what that thei wolde delivere to the said Richarde, in presence or in absence of the saide Thomas, he wolde answere fore truly to be content and satisfied. Upon trust of whiche thing the saide Holanders at sundry tymes deliverede to the saide Richarde, as welle in presence as in absence of the said Thomas, withyn the saide terme, xxx. m. ii. and more, and toke lettres of paiement of him therefore, somme made as factour of Thomas Thurlande, somme as factour of William Thurlande, and somme as factour of Johne Lowes, to be paide and answerede to theym for byeng of wolle and wollefelle at Caleys. And alle the said lettres were to hem welle and truly answerede and contented. So hit hapnede that at Beroghe at Estren last passede, and at Brugge mart thereafter, and at Witsontide next thereaftere, the said Holanders deliverede to the saide Richarde in like wyse grete and notable sommes of money, and toke of him suche VOL. i. H. //.] In the king’s autograph. G G 466 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : lettres as bifoure, wherupone the burglie-maister and xvj. merchantz of the saide toune of Lyethe cam to Caleys the first day of August next thereafter folowying, to the entent to have employede the saide money, and more that thei brought with hem to Caleys, for byeng of wolle and wollefelle there ; but the saide Eicharde and other of his assent at Caleys counceillede hem to bye none there at that tyme, seying that the ordenannce made atte Staple shulde be brokene, and that thei shulde withynne short tyme have better chepe wolle and wollefelle than tlienne ; and seide furthermore that the king shulde be mariede, and that the Staple must lene him a grete somme of money, upon whiche lene tliordenaunce shulde be brokene. Hereupone the saide merchauntz thought hit were folye for tlieym to bye any wolle or wollefelle there at that tyme, by cause thei understode by the saide informacione that withyn a while ther- after othir menne shulde bye there better chepe, therfore thei forbare and bought none at that tyme, to the grete hurt of the seide Holanders and of the O seide toune of Leythe ; for withyn a while therafter ther voidede out of the same toune of Leythe, mor than M 1 . M 1 . personnes for lakke of werke of wolle and wollefelle to erne with thair lyvyng, and have set hem in labour of lande and otherwise. So that of necessitie for to have werke in the saide toune of Leythe some of the saide merchauntz, bifoure Beroghe mart at Martynmasse last passed, cam to Caleys for to bye wolle and wollefelle, and somme of theym went to do their businesse atte same mart where the seide Eicharde was with the seid Thomas Thurlande awaityng upon him as his servaunt in businesse, as he was wont to do, and loggede in his oun lierberghe in oo chaumbre and kept oo countour, as thei were accustumede to do bifore that tyme as welle there as at Andewerpe and Brugges HENRY THE SIXTH. 4fi7 and at Caleys. And atte same tyme the saide Richarde receyvede more money of the seide Ho- landers, and delivered hem lettres therfore as bifoure, and over that deliverede hem certein billes of the kynges mynt at Caleys, and receyved of him money therfore, amonge which oo bille was shewede to the seide Thomas Thurlande by one of the seide Holanders that owed him money, and axed of him iff he wold receyve hit in payement, and he seide hit was to hem paiement good ynoughe. Upon trist and comfort of whiche seyeng, moo of the seide billes were hadde and receyvede of the seide Richarde, amountyng in alle to the somme of M 1 . ti. and more. And whan the seide merchauntz Holanders that went to Caleys hadde bought there grete substance of wolle and wollefelle, and that thei sliulde make the rekenyng thereof, and bringe payement unto the Staple, according to thordenaunce of the place, thei put fortlie the seide letters and billes for paiement, whiche lettres were there refused for unsufficience, and the billes of the mynte, for thei were falsede with Cees set above, that of iij. ii. was made iij. c. li. and of ij. li. was made ij. c. li. Also oon William Whetecrofte, attorne to Joline Revelyng, receyvede of the saide Holanders grete and notable sommes of money, and deliverede hem lettres therfore as bifoure, whiche letters they wolde at that tyme have deliverede for paiement into the Staple, and for unsufficience were in like wyse refusede, to the grettest hurt that ever eny merchauntz straungers haddene syne the begynnynge that the Staple was set at Caleys. Wherupon the merchaunts Holanders grevede, remembring the promys made to hem by the seide Thomas Thurlande for the seide Richarde as above, (the whiche promys was to hem in no manere wise revokede, nor the seide Richarde as for factour and attourne to the seide Thomas Thurlande, William G G 2 468 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Thurlande and Johne Lowes to their knonlege in no wise dischargede,) cam to Caleys, and made playntes in the Staple court after the laws there usede, as cours of merchandize requirethe, upon Thomas Thur- lande, William Thurlande, Johne Revelynge, and thaire godes, at whiche Staple they at alle tymes passede have hadde gode and spedy remedie and redresse of alle greves there by hem compleynede, supposing to theym to have hade the same there at this tyme, and where they were put in a manere of delay at the saide Staple from bifore Cristemasse, that thei first compleynede in these materes, into after Candelmasse now next folowyng, supposing to theym that withynne that tyme, or at that tyme atte ferthest, to have remedie and redresse of thair saide greves by the lawes after course of merchandize there uside, as right wolde. Now it is done him to understande that the saide Thomas Thurlande maketh grete sute to bring the saide maters from the saide Staple of Caleys to be determynede afore my lorde chaunceller in Englande, the whiche thing, if it shulde be demenede, shulde be the finalle undoynge of the saide merchauntz straungers, and grete hurt to the saide toun of Lyethe in sundry wyses ; one is, the longe delay of forbering of their money, wherthrughe thei be not, ne shulle not be, of power to bye wolle and wollefelle at Caleys to fynde werke by mene of that merchaundize to the multi- tude of the people of the seide toune of Leythe to erne withe their lyvyng, for whiche cause, yf other remedie may not for hem be purveyede, the seide multitude of peple must nedes voide the saide toune of Leythe, and put hem in other labour, to Wynne in other wise thair lyvying, to grete deso- lacionne of the same toune in that partie. Wherfore please hit youre noble grace, the premisses eonsiderede, to commande my lorde chauncellere by HENRY THE SIXTH. 469 youre lettres, or in what other wyse it shalle like youre grace, that he in no manere wise graunte, ne suffre passe, any writte wlierby the saide writtes, or cny of hem, myght be called e fro the saide Staple of Caleys afore him into Englande, and that yf eny suche writtes be grauntede and passede the sealle, that forth withe he do make a 'procedendo in due fourme addressed to the mail*, or his lieutenant, constables and feleshipe of the saide Staple of Caleys, commaundyng tlieym to procede that the saide materes be there clerly examy- nede, remediede and redressede, after the lawes there usede, as cours of merchaundize requirethe [and] as right wolle. Considering that the seide merchauntz of Leytlie ben straungers, and how that into the toune is more wolle and wollefelle yerly uttrede from Caleys, and true paiement had tlierfore, than into eny v. townes of the worlde, and how that at alle tymes herebiforne thei have hade la we and goode justice of alle tliair greves in the saide Staple by hem there compleynede. And also, how it was nevere seen in tyme passede that eny complaynt made by hem, or by eny other mer- chaunt straunger in the saide Staple, was ever re- mevede from thens to be determynede in Englande. Considering also that the proves for the verrey trouthe in the saide maters, as cours of merchaundize requirethe, can not, ne may not, be brought into Englande, to the knowleche of my lorde chaunceller, in no manere wyse so clerly as it may be brought to the saide Staple of Caleys. And also that it like youre grace to com- maunde youre Prive Sealle to make youre lettres under youre same sealle in due fourme addressed to the mail* or his lieutenaunt, constables and feleshippe, of the saide Staple there, commandyng theym streitly to redresse and remedie the greves of the saide Holan- ders after the lawes and usages and cours of merchaun- dize there usede, as right wille, and that thei late not this in no wyse, eny commaundement or writyng to 470 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : hem, or to eny of hem, unto the contrarie made, or to be made, notwithstandyng. And alle the saide mer- chauntz and multitude of peple of the seide towne of Leythe shall praye to oure Lorde God for you. (. Dorso .) Vicesimo die Januarii, anno, etc. xxiij 0 ., in castro suo de Wyndesore, rex concessit prsesentem supplicationem ut petitur, manda- vitque custodi Privati Sigilli desuper fieri man- dare litteras sub eodem sigillo, etc. Prmsenti- bus, magistro 1 Ricardo Andrewe, secretario regis, Jolianne Hamptone, armigero, et fratre Thoma Bridde, etc. T. Kent. 1447. Warrant for the payment of various sums of money to several persons. Ajx 1447 . Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and October 28. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberleins of oure Eschequyer, greting. Warrant We wol and charge you that, of the sommes of money for pay- being in youre warde of the dismes and quinszismes Mony t0 l a te graunted unto us by the communes and clergie penny and 0 f this oure reaume, for the defense and saufgarde of the same, ye do pay and delivre unto Monypeny, Scotte, and iij. other persones, that is to say, an heraulde and two pursevantes, late comyng towardes us with certain messages from oure oncle of Fraunce, Magistro .... regis'] Written upon an erasure. HENRY THE SIXTH. 471 xxv. marc, to have of oure yefte by way of rewarde for the saide cause. Also we wol and charge you that of thabove- saide sommes of money ye do paye unto Percyvale Merchexano, marchant of Jene, xij. ii. xiij. s. iiij. d. for xix. yardes of purpre damaske, price the yarde xiij. S. iiij. d., on oure belialfe boughte of him by the reverent fadre in God, oure riglite trusty and welbeloved, Adam bissliope of Chichestre ; and atte the relacion of oure riglite trusty and riglite welbeloved cousin the marquis of Suffolk delivred of oure yifte, by way of rewarde, unto oone Rawdyn, squyer of Sir Piers de Bresze, knighte, late being in this oure rcaume from oure oncle of Fraunce ; any act, orden- nance or commandement unto the contrarie made, not- withstanding. Yevene undre oure Prive Seel, atte Westminstre, the Date, xxv iij. day of Octobre, the yere of oure regne xxvj. Langport. (. Dorso .) Inde Monypeny et tres alii personae receperunt xiij. i. xiij. s. iiij. d. Et Percivalle Marcliexano pretium. 1447. Mandate for the payment of certain sums to Andrew Holes. Henri, by the grace of God King of Englande and A.D. 1447. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and 1_ ' Chamberleins of oure Eschequier, greting. Mandate We have understande by the humble supplicacione of mento f y oure trusty and welbeloved clerc, maistre Andreau Holes, certai f J sums to 472 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Andrew Holes, whose ser- vices are here re- counted. how that we, by oure lettres patentes undre oure grete seal, bering date the xxvij. day ] of Feverere the xv. yere of oure regne, ordeigned him oure procutoure in the courte of Rome, as in the saide lettres more plainly it is expressed, by force of the whiche he occupied the saide office of procutoure, aftre the tenure of the same lettres, unto the xxix. day 1 2 of Decembre, the xxiij. yere of oure regne ; withinne whiche tyme he was putt to gretter costes and laboures than oure procu- toure there haad be accustumed afore tyme to have, and often tymes was in grete perille of his persone by reasone of the saide office in suyng the saide courte by cause that the pope, for the rebellione of the Romaynes agenst his Holynesse, departed secretly from Rome by water to the cite of Pise with fewe personnes, and afterwarde at sundry tymes translated his courte into many and divers places in Italy, be- ing there in the same tyme grete and sharp werre betwixt divers lordes and comonialties, for the whiche tyme the saide Andreau hathe hadde no peny of re- warde of us for the occupacione of the saide office, as he saith. And therfor he haath humbly besoughte us for the saide tyme of rewarde. And we, considering the premisses, and the good and notable services that he dide in the saide courte for us, oure landes, lordshippes and sub- gittes ; and also how that during the abovesaid tyme by cause of his absence out of this oure reaume in oure saide service he was febly an- swered of the frutes of his benefices in this oure reaume, and also lost moche of that that he shulde have receved of tlieim yif he haad be present and resident upone theim, and also how that aftre the 1 xxxij. day ] That is to say 27 I 2 xxix. day ] Namely, 29 Dec, Feb. A.D. 1437. | A.D. 1444. HENRY THE SIXTH. 473 proinocione 1 of maistre Robert Fitzhughe, sumtyme oure proeutoure in tlie saide courte, unto the bisshop- riche of Londone and his departing from the same courte, the saide Andreau served us in the same courte as oure proeutoure by v. yere and more con- tinually before the date of oure saide lettres patentes, to his grete costes, and also to the grete laboure and peri lie of his personne, withoute any rewarde taking of us therfor, as he saithe, wolle and charge you that ye paye of oure tresoure, or sufficiently assigne unto the saide Andreau, for every yere from the saide xxvij. day of Feverere unto the saide xxix. day of Decembre, after thafferant of c. li. by yere, to have it of oure rewarde for the occupacione of the saide office for and during the tyme abovesaide. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal, at oure castel of Wyn-Date. desore, the iij. day of Novembre, the yere of oure regne xxvi. T. Hammond. (. Dorso .) Vij. c. iiij xx * iij. t. vj. s. viij. d persoluti per assignationem xj. die Novcmbris anno xxvj., pro vij. annis et x. mensibus. 1447. Mandate for the payment to Francois de Surienne of the arrears of his pension. Henrt, by the grace of God king of Engelande and AX). 144 of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and — — chamberleins of oure Eschequier, greting. 1 Promotions'] Robert Fitz Hugh I him on 4 Aug. 1431. Hardy’s Le had the temporalities restored to | Neve, ii. 296. The king orders the arrears of his pension to he paid to F. Su- ricnne. Date. A.D. 1447 Dec. 12. 474 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: For asmoche as we have understande that ther is due unto oure righte trusty and welbeloved knighte, Francois Surienne, called Larragonnois, of his pension of an c. marc by yere graunted unto him by us for terme of his lyfe, the somme of iiij xx ‘ x. ti., wherof he hathe assignement of xxiij. li. vi. s. viij. cl. by two tailles raised in the Kecepte of oure Escliequyer upone Jolme Poutrelle and Thomas Pounde, the xiiij. day 1 of Novembre the yere of oure regne xxv, we therfore, and for suche other causes and consideracions as move us, wol and charge you that, receivyng towardes you the said ij. tailles of xxiij. li. vj. 5. viij. d'., ye, of the sommes of money being in youre warde of the dismes and quinzismes late graunted unto us by the com- munes and clergie of this oure lande, make unto the said Francois redy and undelaied payment of the somme of iiij xx * x. li. abovesaicl, so unto him due for the cause above reherced ; any act, ordennance or com- maundement made to the contrary hereof, notwith- standinge. Ye ven undre oure Prive Seel atte Westminstre, the vij. day of Decembre, the yere of oure regne xxvj. 1447. Mandate for the repayment of various payments made to several individuals by the marquis of Suffolk. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresourer and chamberlains of oure Eschcquier, gretyng. xiiij. day~\ That is, 14 Nov. 144G. IIENRY THE SIXTH. Wo wollo and charge you that unto oure right trusty Mandate and welbeloved cousyn 1 the marquys of Suffolk ve for the re - aume, the which by oure commaundement, the v. day of Juyl last passed, he delyvered unto Johan Havart, Fransheman, the whiclie broght certaine tydynges unto us; and also xxxiij. li. vj. 3. viij. d. the whiclie Aragonez, the second day of August last passed ; and also lxvj. 3. viij. d. the whiclie the same oure cousyn delyvered the same day unto Johan Peger, a man of the lorde Giles of Britaigne ; and also lxvj. 3. viij. d. the which, the xxviij. day of August, oure saide cousyn delivered to the foresaide Havart, the whiche had bens in Fraunce and broghte newe tidynges ; also lxvj. 3. viij. d., the whiche oure saide cousyn delyvered the last day of August to a poursi vaunt of the lorde Duddeleys, the which went in oure erand into Fraunce ; and also x. li., that the same oure 2 cousyn delivered unto Joline Pason and Chardowne, servauntes unto the saide lorde Gyles, the whiclie late come in message unto us. Yevene under oure Prive Seal, at Westminster, Date, the xij. day of Decembre, the yere of oure regne yiftc, of the quinszeme and disme late graunted unto ™ Jol \ n Havart, liclv ill l, us by the clergie and comonaltee of this oure roy- and others. oure saide cousyn delivered unto the son of Franceys XXVj. J. Brewestere. ( Dorso .) Persolutuin in denariis, hoc termino. 1 Cousyn'] An interlineation. | 2 Oure'] Written between the lines. 476 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1447. Dec, 12. F. de Su- rienne has repayment of the fees paid by him when he was made a knight of the garter. Date. A.D. 1447, Dec. 20. 1447, Mandate for tlie payment of \ol. 6s. Sd. to Francois de Surienne. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunee, and lord of Irlande, to the tresourer and chamberlayns of oure Eschequier, gretyng. For asmuche as we, understonding howe that oure right trusty and welbeloved Franceys Aragonez, late made knight of the garter, hath paied for his fees to the college of Saint George at Wyndesore xiij. li. vj. s. viij. d., have of oure grace especiale graunted unto him xiij. 1L vj. s. viij. d to be taken by youre liandes. We wolle, therefore, and charge you that unto the same Franceys ye delivere xiij. li. vj. s. viij. d. to be had and taken, of oure gifte, of the quinszeme and disme late graunted unto us by the clergie and commonaltec of this oure royaume. Yeven under oure Privie Seal at Westminster, the xij. day of Decembre, the ycre of oure regnc xxvj. J. Brewester, {Dor so.) Persolutum in denariis, hoc tcrmino. 1447. Mandate for the payment of 100 1. to the ambassadors from Normandy. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunee and lord of Ireland, to the tresorer and chamberlains of oure Eschequer, gretyng. HENRY THE SIXTH. 477 We wolle and charge you that, for the costes and One hun- expenses that thambassatours of iij. bailliages in pounds t0 oure duchie of Normandie, that is to say, Caen, l \ e paid to , the ambas - Costentme and Alancone, late commyng towardes us sadorsfrom from the saide places for diverse matiers touching Oaen, the the wele and good publique of oure con tree and sub- anc i Aien- erettes there, have hadde and suffred in theire abode ? on - here, ye, of the sommes of money beyng in youre warde of the dysmes and quinzismes late graunted unto us by the commons and clergie of this oure lande, for the saufgarde of the same, do paye unto theime the somme of c. li. to have of oure gift by wcy of rewarde for the cause abovesaide. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal at Westminster, the Date, xx. day of Decembre, the year of our regne xxvj. ( Dorso .) Persolutum hoc termino. 1447. Mandate for the payment of 4,000 marks to Edmund marquess of Dorset. Henry, by the grace of God king of Englande and AJ). 1457. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberlains of oure Excliequier, gretyng. fand^marks For asmuche as we, by tliadvis of oure counsail, to be paid have appointed with oure right trusty and right wel- beloved cousin, Edmund marquis of Dorset, to goo 0 f Dorset, oure lieutenaunt into oure duchie of Normandie, for the sure and save garde of the same, for the whiche mandy. cause we have endented withe him, by vertue of whiche endentures he shuld receyve nowe certaine sommes of money, besides his shippyng; neverthelesse, Date. A.D. 1447. Dec. 20. Repetition of a pre- vious man- date for the payment of 100/. to E. de Suri- enne. 478 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : for alle suche sommes as lie shuld so no we receyve of us, and also for his shippyng, wol and charge yon that, of the somes of money beyng in your warde of the dismes and quinzismes late graunted unto us in oure parlement by the communes and clergie in the convocacion of this oure royaulme, for the reule, governaunce and kepyng of the same, ye do pay nowe without e delay e or tarying to oure said cousin iiij. m. 1 marc, withoute any deduction or rebatement to be made therin of the xviij. c. li, by nym afore thys tyme of us receyved by vertue of the said endentures ; any comman dement to the contrary e notwithstand- ing. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal, at oure castelle of Wyndesore, the xx. day of Decembre, the year of oure regne xxvj. Foston. CDorso.) Persolutum in denariis hoe termino. 1447. Mandate for the payment of one hundred pounds to Francois de Surienne. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande and of Fraunce, and lord of Irlande, to the tresorer and chamberlains of oure Eschequer, gretyng. How be it that now late by oure other lettres undre oure Prive Seal we yave you in commaunde- ment to delivere unto oure righte trusty and welbe- loved knyglite, Francois Arragonoys, c. li. by conside- racion that we late ago made liym knyghte of the iiij, }?'.] In the original, an erasure occurs before these numerals. HENRY THE SIXTH. 479 Garter, of the whiche c. ii. he hath receyved no par- celle therof, nor is like to do, withoute more special warant directed unto you, as he saithe. We, this con- siderynge, wolle and charge you that ye do paye for the saide cause unto the said Francois c. ii. by way of rewarde, of the money beyng in youre warde of the dismes and quinzismes late graunted unto us b}^ the commons and clergie of this oure reume ; any statut, restraint, act, or commaundement made unto the contrarie, notwithstandynge. Purvueied alweyes that, by vertue of oure other lettres, the saide Francois hathe not, ne shal not receyve any parcelle of the c. ti. abovesaide. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal, at oure castelle of Date. Wyndesore, the xx. day of Decembre, the yere of oure regne xxvj. ( Dorso .) Inde recepit hoc termino x. ii. 1448. Mandate for the payment of 2,27 ol. to one thousand archers proceeding into France, in the service of the marquess of Dorset. Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and a.d. 1448. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and J an ~ 31 • chambreleins of our Eschequier, greting, For asmuche as we have ordeinede and made our Payment to riglite trusty and welbelovede cousin, the marques of t0 Dorset, to be oure lievetenaunt in our reame of quess of Fraunce, duchees of Normandie and Guyenne, for the?? orsetof whiche cause, in case that the w T erre folowed, he of 1000 shulde have yerely xx. m. ii., as more at large it gotlginto apperithe by the endenteures made by twixt us and Prance, our saide cousine, for the governance and saufgarde of 480 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. the saide contreys. And considering as welle the dis- posicioune of tliier habitauntes there, as by divers practisinges and labours of our adversarie partie, the whiche, as we be crediblie enformed, dothe daylie growe to oure grete hurte, by the whiche mighte falle, witlioute forsighte and hasty remedie, grete inconve- nience, yf provisione wer not so hadde in that bihalfe, we, by the advyse of our consaille, have ordeined and graunted that oure feaide cousin shalle have withe hym in our said contreis M 1 . yemenne, and wages for them accustumede as into Fraunce aforesaid, for lialfe a yere, for the more sure keping of our lande above saide. Wherfore we wolle and charge you straitly that, without any delay, ye do pay in honde to our said cousin, of the summes of money beyng in your keping, of the dismes and quinzismes late graunted unto us by the comyns and clergie of this our reame wages for M 1 . yemenne archers, that is to say, for eche of them vj. d by the day, for a quarter of a yere. And for another quarter of a yere paide by assignements of the saide dismes unto us payable at Mydsummer next commyng by weye 1 of a preste ; alle the said somme so receivede to be deducted© of the xx. m 1 . li. afore saide to be receivede of oure said cousin yf werre folowe within the tyme of the said endenturs ; any statute, act, ordinaunce or commaunde- ment into the contrarie made notwithstanding. Yevene undre our Prive Seelle at our castelle of Wyndesore, the laste day of Janiver, the yere of oure regne xxvj. (. Dorso .) Inde recepit in denariis per manus Thomas Manselle super vadiis m 1 . sagittariorum pro primo quarterio unius anni. m 1 . m 1 . cc. lxxv. li. 1 Of a yere . ... by weye ] This I erasure and partly upon an inter- passage is written partly upon an | lineation in the original. HENRY THE SIXTH. 481 1 4 * 8 . Mandate for the payment of one thousand marks for the expenses of the shipping for the transit of the marquess of Dorset. Henri, by the grace of God kyng of Englande A.D. 1448. and of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresourer M arch 5 ‘ and chamberlains of oure Eschequier, gretyng. We wolle and charge you that unto oure trusty and One thou- welbelovede Piers Bowemane, clerc, whome we, by oure to^™aid S lettres of commissione unclre oure grete seel, withe th . e other persones have assignedc to areste, take, and thermal? ° f purvey as many shippes and wesselles in certain chamberlains of oure Eschequier, greting. We late you wite that we have undrestonde, by the Upon the peteous supplicacion presented unto us by oure welbeloved oi William Forstede, squier, how lie was late charged with stede, late oure artillarie and ordinaunce of werre in oure duchie of Normandie, as by oure lettres patentes undre oure nance in seal of oure reaume of Fraunce more plainly it ap- rance ’ perethe ; for the stuf of the which artillarie and or- dinaunce purveied and brought by the saide William of divers and certain personnes in Roen, Londone and elles where, and also for divers sommes of monney by him unto the same use borowed, there is due unto him the somme of vij. c. xlij. li. of lawfulle monney of Englande, as by iij. severalx accomptes, the which he hath yeldene therof unto us in oure Chambre of Accomptes at Roene, the which he hath undre aute- tique signes of oure auditours there, after the custume of the same chamber, redy for to showe of recorde. And like as oure righte trusty and righte welbeloved H H 2 the king orders the payment to him of 742/. Date. 4 84 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : cousin the due of Yorke, then oure lieutenaunt and gouvernoure general there, by his lettres of recorde hath certified unto us, for the same cause, and for satisfaccione of the saide somme, the saide William is gretly endetted unto many divers personnes, which daily callen upone him for tlieire paiement on this behalfe the see, which lie is not of power to paie, satisfie, nor contente, withouten lie be paied, satisfied, and contente of the same somme by us ; wherfor we, havyng tendre consideracione as wel unto the pre- missis, as unto the longe and continue! services that the saide William hath doone unto oure noble pro- genitours and unto us in theire werres and oures in Irlande, Scotlande, Wales, Gwyenne, Normandie and Fraunce, wol that lie have paiement of the somme abovesaide, or sufficeant assignement therof. Wherfor we wol and charge you that unto the same William ye make paiement, or sufficiant assignement, of vij. c. xlij. li. of the custumes and subsidies commyng and growing in such of oure portes within this oure reaume as to you shall seme good ; to have and to take of us the saide vij. c. xlij. li. as for monney lent unto us in ful paiement and contentement of vij. c. xlij. li . 1 by us due unto him as above. Ye veil e undre oure Prive Seal at Westminster, the xx vij. day of Juyne, the yere of oure regne xxyj. ( Dorso .) Persolutum per assignationem vij. die Julii, anno xxvj. rij. c. xiij. //.] These numerals are written upon an erasure. IIENItY THE SIXTH. 485 1448 . Mandate for the payment of fifty marks to Garter, going into France. o o Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and A.D. H48. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the lord tresorer Au gust 17, and chamberleins of oure Eschequyer, greting. For as moche as we sende at this tymo oure welbeloved Mandate servant Gartier king-of-armes withe certain instruction f^cnt of aJ " and lettres unto oure ambassatorcs over the sea, and fifty marks also with lettres unto oure oncle of France and other places, we wil and charge you that, for thexpenses arms, and costes that the said Garter shal make in this c int0 behalfe, ye, of the sommes of money being in youre warde of the dismes and quinszismes late graunted unto us bv the commones and clergie of this oure v Q reaume, do paye and deliver unto him 1. marc, to have of oure yifte by wayc of rcwardc for the causes above saide ; any statut, act, or ordennance made unto the contrary, notwithstanding. Yevene undre oure privie seel, at our College of Date. Etone, the xvij. day of August, the yere of oure regne xxvj. LANGrORT. Fersolutum in denariis hoc termino. 1418. Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and a.d. 1448. France, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and Sept 20 * chamberleins of oure Exchequyer, greting. For asmoche as it hathe be shewed unto us by Mandate the humble supplicacion of oure welbeloved servantis fortlie A A ’ payment of 486 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: expenses for the parliament and council. Date. Richarde Baron and Simonde Edwarde, usshers of oure parlement and grete counsail chambers, liowe they have payede of thaire oune goodes for divers thinges boughte by thaim and employed abowte oure saide parlement and greet counsail chambres, wherof the parcelles ensewe. Burst, for iiij. fourmes and barres of tree made in oure parlement chambre at Westminstre iiij. s. Item, for nayles and pynnes of irene for the saide barres xij. d. Item, for russhes to the saide chambre vj. s. viij. d. Item, for bourdes and barres to make a chaire of astate for us at Wynchestre, and for amending of fourmes at Wolvesey x. s. viij, d. Item, for russhes for the saide parlement chambre vj. s. viij. d. And now late for strawing of oure counsail chambre at Sheen ij. the whiche in alle drawethe to the some of xx xj. s., wherof thay can have no repay- ment withoutone oure grace beshewede unto thaim in this behalfe. Wherfore we wol and charge you that unto the saide Richarde and Symonde ye doo make repayement of the saide sommes, thay to have it for the causes abovesaide. Yevene undre oure Prive Seal, at Sheen , 1 the xx. day of Septembre, the yere of oure regne xxvij. (Dorso.) Richarde Bartone, Simone Edwarde. Sheen ] Written upon an erasure. HENRY THE SIXTH, 487 1449. Mandate for the payment of the salary of the duke of York as governor of Ireland. Henri, par le grace de Dieu roy d’Engleterre et A.D. 1449. de France, et seignur d’lrlande, as tresorer et chain- berleins de notre Eschequier, saluz. Come par en denture faite le trentisme jour de Juyne, Recapitu- lan de notre regne vint et quint, perentre nous dune ^e°terms part et notre cousin Richard due de Yorke dautre part, upon which notre dit cousin soit retenuz devers nous notre lieutenant yorkisfo!* en notre terre dTrlande, durantz dys ans, commenceant he paid for le primer an des ditz dys ans le vynt et noefisme ment°of rn " jour de Septembre, lan de notre regne vint et sys. Et Ireland, prendra le dit due de nous, pour luy mesmes et pour date fordhe touz ses gens quil retiendra ovec lui pour la guerre payment of et pour la gouvernance de la elite terre, durantes les ditz dys ans, cest assavoir, pur le primer an, quatre mille marcs, dont pur le primer demy an il serra paiez en maine de deux mil marcs, et cle les aultres deux [Translation.] Henry, by the grace of God, king of England and of France, and lord of Ireland, to the treasurer and chamberlains of our Exchequer, greeting. Since by an indenture made upon the thirtieth day of June, in the twenty-fifth year of our reign, between us, upon the one part, and our cousin Richard duke of York upon the other part, our said cousin is retained towards us as our lieutenant in our land of Ireland, during ten years, the first of the said ten years beginning on the twenty-ninth day of September in the twenty-sixth year of our reign. And the said duke shall receive from us, for himself and all the people whom he shall retain Avith him for the war and for the government of the said country, during the said ten years, that is to say, for the first year four thousand marks, of which for the first half year he shall have paid down two thousand marks, and of the other tAvo thousand marks he shall 488 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. mil marcs il serra paiez ung moys avant le commence- ment du dit seconde demy an dicellui primer an ; et pour les noefs ans residues, il prendra pur chacun an deux mille livres, dount il serra paiez un moys avant le commencement de chacun demy an des ditz noefe ans par les mains du tresorer d'Engleterre pur le temps esteant, sicome en la dite endenture il est contenuz plus au plain. Et est ainsi que pur le primer an des ditz dys ans nous avons fait contentement a notre dit cousin de quatre mil marcs ; si volons et vous mandons que au susdit notre cousin vous facez avoir paiement pour chacun an des ditz noefe ans residues, deux mil livres, assavoir, un moys avant le commencement de chacun demy an de les noef ans dessus ditz. Donne souz notre Prive Seal, a Westminstre, le x. jour de Feverer, lan de notre regne vint et sept. Frank. (Dor so.) Persolutum per aliud warrantum hoc termino de m 1 cc. li. in assignatione. Pro duce Ebor. be paid one month before the beginning of the second half year of the said first year ; and for the other nine years he shall receive for each year two thousand pounds, •whereof he shall receive payment a month before the commencement of each half year of the said nine years by the hands of the treasurer of England for the time being, as in the said indenture it is contained more fully. And so it is that for the first of the said ten years we have made payment to our said cousin of four thousand marks ; wherefore we will and command you. that you cause our foresaid cousin to have payment for each year of the said nine years which remain, two thousand pounds, that is to say, a month before the beginning of each half year of the nine years abovesaid. Given under our Privy Seal, at Westminster, the x. day of February, in the twenty-seventh year of our reign. Frank. HENRY THE SIXTH. 489 1449. The king recommends Robert Wynnyngton, esquire, employed to do him service upon the sea. By the King . 1 Trusty and welbeloved. For asmoche as oure trusty A.I). 1449. and welbeloved squyer Robert Wynnyngtone, of oure A pnl 3 ‘ counte of Devonshire, is withliolde towardes us by en- Recom- denture made in this behalfe, to do us service in ^^vourof the see, for the clensing of the same and rebukying Robert of the robbeurs and pirates therof, whiche dayly do tJn^about" alle the noysance thay canne, wlios resistence and t0 be em- putting aside is, and shalbe, botlie to oure worshipe, Span the renome and fame, and to the good publique of us, sea - this oure lande and subgittes ; we pray you therfore, as hertily as we can, that unto the saide Robert ye wol, in that may touche the good spede and furth- rance of this his saide journey, shewe unto him alle the faveure and helpe to you possible, tendryng this oure writyuge as oure singuler trust is on you. Wherein ye shal doo us ful grete plesire. Yeven, etc. at Westminstre, the iij. day of Aprille. Date. To tlierle of Devonshire. To the lorde Fitz warren. -f- The lorde Boneville. To sir Philipe Courteney. -f To sir Jolme of Dynham. 4- To the bisshope of Excestre. -f To Jolme Copstone, squyer. Item, vj. lettres in like fourme, with blank taylles. 1 This and the three next following documents are fastened together. 490 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1449. April 3. Mandate respecting the deten- tion of persons captured in a certain ship. Date. 1449. The king gives directions respecting certain persons captured on board a ship lately taken. By the King. Righte trusty and welbelovede, and trusty and wel- belovede. We have understande that it is so, by the goode and trew diligence of oure welbeloved subjectes and in timely disposicion, there is taken a greet shippe, the whiche made werre to us and oure people, and therin many notable persons, blessed be Jhesu ! And for asmoclie as we deme verrayly that by the persones that ben so takene upone goode examinacione, we shal mowe have, knowlache of other thinges, we wol and pray you hertily, and either of you, that ye wol so ordeigne that the saide persones be not delivered unto suche tyme that examinacioun be made of suche thinges as we wol thai sha[l] be examined upone. And we wol that ye so commande in oure behalfe alle thoo persones that have the saide pri- soners in keping : wherin ye shal do us singuler plesire. Yeven, etc. at Westminster, the iij. day of Aprille. To oure right trusty and welbeloved, and trusty and welbeloved , 1 the lord Boneville, and the maistre of a shippe callid Cocke Johne , 2 and to either of thaim. T. Kent. 1 And trusty and welbeloved] An | 2 Cocke Johne] Written in a space addition. I left for its insertion. HENRY THE SIXTH. 491 1449. The king will make the necessary arrangements for the safety of the Scottish borders. Anno xxvii. Henrici YI. By the King . 1 Trusty and welbeloved, we grete you wel. a.d. 1449. We bene righte wel acertaigned of the grete A P nl 3 - laboure, paine, and diligences that ye of late agoo Respecting have had, and have continually, by alle meanes to the s ^ fe ; J guard 01 you possible, for the saufgarde and defense of oure theScottish countrees and marches toward Scotlande, and also 1)orders - rebuking and resisting of the malice of oure 2 ennemys the Scottes, that studiene by alle the weies thei can, to do that in thaim is, that may be to the noysance of oure saide countree and subgettes ; wlierof, and of the certificate that ye have made unto us late in this behalfe, we thanke you fulle hertely. Praying in like wise ye wolle continue as ye have begunne ; lating you vvite that for the purveaunce and saufgarde of the saide countrees and marches it hath ben righte sadly communed of by the lordes of this oure parlement, and furthermore slial be at theire reassemblyng* which shal be anoone upone Estre, in suche wise that, with the grace of God, good conclusion shal folowe. Yevene at Westminstre, the iijde day of Aprille. Rate. To oure trusty and welbeloved Rauf Percy, Robert Ogle, knyghtes, William Barteram, Johne Ogle, John Hettone, squiers, and other [that] certified late unto us thastate of oure contrey towarde Scotlande, and to everiche of them. 1 This document is considerably j 2 Oure ] An interlineation, injured by infusion of galls. A.D. 1449. April .‘5. Respecting the safety of Calais, and the payment of the gar- rison there. 492 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1 449 . The king will provide for the safety of Calais, and the payment of its garrison. By the King . 1 Bight e trusty and welbeloved, and trusty and welbeloved, we grete you wel. Daylv we understande by notable reporte the dili- gence and sad demenyng that ye have be of for aboute the deffense, good gouvernance and saufgarde of our towne of Caleys and the marches there, also of the towardnes, effectuel disposicion and grete paine and laboure of you, oure soiddeours, employing by alle menes possible aboute the same entent. Wherfor liertely we thanke you, praying ye wolle so continue. Moreover it is righte wel in oure mynde and dayly remembraunce, and also it hath be shewed unto us ful effectually by such as ben here, of your partie, how and in what condicione oure saide towne, the lieutenaunt and oure souldeours abovesaide, standetli in for lacke of paie- mcnt of your wages, and other purveaunce, such as is necessaire and behovefulle for the tuicion and cn- treteignyng in good astate of oure saide towne and marches ; to wlioos conservacionc, and also reliefe of oure lieutenaunt and oure saide souldeours, we must and ivolle with effecte entende, and in alle wise, by Codes mercy ; for the which we have at this time* as ferforth as we goodly mighte, entreted oure righte trusty and welbelovede cousin the due of Bukingham, eapitaine of oure saide towne. And for asmuch as 1 This and the previous document are written upon the same piece of parchment. HENRY THE SIXTH. 493 yit noone encle as yit is hadde in this oure present parlement, but is deferrede, but after the holy 1 feste of Paschc, now neiglie at liande, noe provisione such as we wolde, cannot ne may not be made for you before the reassembly ng of the lordes of oure saide parlement. Wherfor we pray you riglito hertely to have paciencc unto the said tyme ; lating you wite that tlienne, by the help of Jhesu, purveaunce shalbe made for you in such wise as of reasonc ye shal holde you wel contente, and this youre abode righte wele 2 besette. Ye veil, etc. at Westminstre, the iij day of Aprille. Date. To oure righte trusty and welbeloved, and trusty and welbeloved, the lieutenant of oure tonne of Calays, and to oure souldeours there. T. Kent. 1449 . Petition of the executors of John, late duke of Bed- ford, reciting how Sir John Fastolfe, having cap- tured plate belonging to the late bishop of Sdez, is threatened with proceedings for its restitution. To the kinge oure souverayn lorde A.D. 1449. Shewithe righte mekely youre moost humble ora- A pnl G ' tures Johne cardinal and archebishope of York, Rauf Petition lorde Crom welle, Andrew Ogarde and Johne Fastoif, Mentors knyghtes, executours named in the testament of my of the late lorde youre uncle, due of Bedforde, late regent of Bedford respecting 1 Holy] An addition between the lines. - Wele] An interlineation. 494 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : an arrest of youre roiame of Fraunce and ducliie of Normandie good-by (whoom God assoile ! ) that where youre said moost which they humble and true liegemane Johne Fastolf, tlienne aged. bemge capitayne, gardeme and governoure ol youre castelle, places, and fortrasses of Alaunsone, Fresnay le Vicounte, and of the countreys aboute hem, havyng knowlech of certeine vesselles of silver and money liidde withynne the ertlie in the bisshoppis place of Seese by him that was thoo bisshope there, holding and being thoo, and alle his dayes, with youre adverse partie, the whiche vesselles, how it were that considering that it was an enemyes good, he might be the law of armes have takene to hi3 owen propre behove, he arrested it and seised it, callinge to him tlierto youre officeres of justice there, that is to say, the baillif of Alaunsone, vicount of Falloise, and otliere notable menne, and after that delivered the saide goodis to my said lorde youre uncle, thoo occupying the regencie there, as it may appiere by souffisaunt acquitaunce yeven under his seel, and by othere evidences notable. And this noghtwithestandinge now of late tyme, the bisshope of Seese that now is, (which is the iijde bishoppe sitlie the tyme of the said arrest and sesine, born in the cuntre that is occupied by youre partie adverse, in the whiche he hathe alway dwellid til now late that oure holy fadir the Pope promoted him to the said bisshopriche by his untrue suggestione maad unto the noble and miglite prince my lorde the due of Somerset, youre lieutenant in thoo parties), pretending the said vessel and goodis to perteyne to the said bisshope and to his chirche, hathe obteined maunde- mentes roialle, be vertue of the whiche the said bisshope hathe maad to be arrested and put in hand of justice, alle the goodes, heritages, rentes and revenuz belonging to the said Fastolf in youre ducliie of Normandie, making hem to be kept under arrest unto the tyme HENRY THE SIXTH. 495 lie be answered and satisfied of the summe of vm 1 . vjc. xxxvj. s. Tournois, to the whiche summe the said bishoppe and his ministeres have estemed and sommed the said goodis, as thoughe they liadde belonged to the same bissliope, as executoure above- said, to whoom it belongithe to answere for the said Fastolf and kepe him harmeles, considerede that the said vesselle and good come to the handes ot youre uncle, not beinge called therto. Plese it therfore youre highenesse, these premisses tenderly considered, and that youre said uncle, of the moost singulere trust that he liadde in youre moost noble grace, desired you, as ferforthe as in him was, to be in his said testament principal survisure therof, and protectoure of his said executoures in execucione of his saide testament, to directe youre gracious lettres of commaimdement unto youre saide lieutenant, charging him to make al the said goodis 1 heritages, rentes, revenues and profites of the said Fastolf, and every parcelle of theim, to be discharged of the said arreste, and the said Fastolf to be put atte ful fredam to dispose hem and to rejoyse hem, as well thoo goodis , 1 rentes, revenues and profits abovesaid that have growene of the said heritages sithe the said arreste maade, as thoo that shal growe from hens forthe, withouten any empecliemente or lette to be yevene him in that belialfe. And youre said oratoures shal ever pray God for the good prosperite of youre moost noble estate. Yeven, etc. at Westminstre, the vj. day of Aprile the yere, etc. xxvij. The king hath eommaunded a Prive Seel to be made herupone. Date. Goodis ] Above the line. A.D. 1449. May 12. The king has re- ceived their letter of April 12 and replies to its contents. 496 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1449. Letter from king Henry the Sixth to lord Talbot and others at Rouen, in reply to their communication addressed to him. Depar le Roy. Tres cliier et foial cousin, et noz tres chiers et bien amez foiaux. Nous avons receu voz lettres escrites a notre ville de Rouene le xj°. jour Daverille darrein passez, a nouz envoiees par Guillem Gloucestre, maistre de noz ordennances en notre duchie de Normandie, contenantes credence , 1 avec certains articles a nous baillees. Lesqueles credence et articles nous avons oyees, et les matieres en ycelles articles bien entenduz, as queux nous avons donnez respounse et fait purveanco dancuns 2 diceux, sicome notre tres elder et foial cousin [Translation.] By tiie King. Very dear and faithful cousin, and our very dear and wellbeloved liegemen. We have received your letters written at our city of Rouene on the xj. day of April last past, and sent to us by William Gloucestre, the master of our ordnance in our duchy of Normandy, containing credence, with certain articles delivered to us. Which credence and articles we have heard, and given good heed to the matters contained in these articles, to which we have given an answer and made provision for some of them, as our very dear and faithful cousin the earl of Suffolk 1 Credence ] Written on an era- I 2 Daucuns ] An interlineation. sure. HENRY TIIE SIXTH. 497 le conte de Suffolk et le dit Guillem, pleinement en- formez en les elites matires, venautz presentement devers notre dite ville, vous purront enfourmer . 1 Par- quoy volons et vous mandons que as ditz notre cousin et Guillem facez adj ouster ferme foy et creance de ce quils vous dirront depar nous touchant les articles dessus ditz. Et notre Seigneur vous ait toutdys en sa seinte garde. Donne, etc. le xij. jour de May. A notre tres elder et foiall cousin le sire de Talbot, et a noz tres chiers et bien amez foiaux les gens de notre conseil en Normandie esti- antz a notre ville de Rouen. and the said William, who are fully informed in the said matters, aud who are at this time coming to your said city, can inform you. Wherefore our will is and -we command you that to our said cousin and the said William you give full faith and credence in regard to what they shall tell you from us touching the articles abovesaid. And may our Lord have you always in His holy keeping. Dated, etc., the xij day of May. To our dear and faithful cousin the lord of Talbot, and to our very dear and wellbeloved liegemen, the members of our council in Normandy being at our city of Rouen. 1 Enfourmer] Originally “ pleinement enfourmer,” but the former word has been struck out. I I Date. VOL. I. 498 SUPPLEMENT ARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1449. May 13. Respecting the safe custody of the city of Rouen. 1449. The king will speedily despatch assistance for the safe keeping of the city of Rouen. Chiers et bien amez feaulx, nous vous saluons souvent. Et pour ce que par linformacione de notre treschier et foial cousin, Johan sire de Talbot, nous sumes creablement enfourmez quen conservacion de notre droit et lentiertenue de nous vrays et loiaulx subgiz de notre ville de Rouen et y environ , 1 vouz avez eu et soeffert grandes peine et diligence en gar- dant yceux illocques en notre obeissance, a graunde honur et profit de nous et reboutement de noz enmys ; dount nous vous mercions dentier cuer, empriantz de les continuer tous temps devers nous. Sachantz que nous avons pourveuz au present pur [Translation.] Dear and well beloved liegemen, we salute you often. And as by the information of our very dear and faithful cousin John, lord of Talbot, we are credibly informed that in the protection of our right and the preservation of our true and loyal subjects of our town of Rouen and the neighbourhood, you have had and taken great pains and diligence in keeping them there in our obedience, to the great honour and profit of us and the discomfiture of our enemies ; for which we thank you with our whole heart, praying you always to continue them towards us. Knowing that we- have at this time made provision for 1 Ville . . . environ] These words I and partly above the line in the are written partly upon an erasure | original. HENRY THE SIXTH. 499 vous et pur noz ditz autres liges et subjiz illocques, et ensi de temps en temps nous purvoierons, si Dieu plest, par tielle manere que vous serrez deinz briefue recom- fortez, sicome notre trescliier et feal cousin, le conte de SufFolke, et Guillem Gloucestre, mestre de noz ordon- nances en notre dit duchie, qui pur cella ad diligen- tement poursuiz devers nous et notre counseil en Engleterre, venantz presentement devers vous, vous saveront dire depar nous plus a large. Et notre Seigneur vous ait toutdys en sa seinte garde. Donne, etc., le xiij. jour de May. A Richard Cuesone, lieutenaunt de Rouen, et Date. Johan Salve} 7 n, chivaler, baillif ilocques . * 1 you and for our other said lieges and subjects there, and so from time to time we will provide, if it please God, in such manner that you shall be shortly comforted, as our very dear and faithful cousin, the earl of Suffolk, and William Gloucester, master of our ordinance in our said duchy, who for this cause has diligently interceded with us and our council in England, who are now coming to you, will know how to tell you more fully from us. And may our Lord have you always in his holy keeping. Dated, etc., the xiij. day of May. To Richard Cuesone, lieutenant of Rouen, and John Salveyn, knight, bailly there. 1 A Richard .... illocques ] Written in the bottom margin of the original, by a different hand. I I 2 500 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 1449. Mandate for payment to be made to certain persons coming from Normandy. A. D. 1449 . Henri, etc. to the tresorer and chamberlain of onre 0ct ' Eschequyer, greting. Payments We wolle and charge yon that of the money to John de ordeined 1 2 for this present arme, ye doo paye unto Lenfant maistre Johne Lenfant, late comyng towardes us with Michael de lettres and message oute of oure dnchie of Normandie, Paris. f or 0 ure riglite trusty and right welbeloved cousin the due of Somerset, oure lieutenant general there, - xx. marc, and in semblable wise ye do paye 3 unto maistre Michael de Parys, secretary, comyng from the saide parties also with message and retournyng ayene, x. marc, to have of oure yifte, by waye of rewarde for thaire expenses in that behalfe. Date. Yevene, etc. at Westminstre, the iij. day of Octobre, the yere, etc., xxviij. De mandato regis, per avisamentum sui consilii ; prsesentibus dominis cancellario, custode Pri- vati Sigilli, Suffolcire, thesaurario, abbate Glou- cestrise, etc . 4 Longport. 1 Ordeined'] Written upon an era- sure. 2 There] Originally . . . there, ye do paye . . . but cancelled. 3 Ye do paye] An interlineation. 4 A fair copy of this mandate is preserved in the same collection, in the dorse of which are these notes — “ Pro magistro Johanne Lenfant, et Michaele de Parisshe. Persolutum hoc termino.” HENRY THE SIXTH. 501 1m Mandate for the transmission of certain stores to Caen. Henri, etc., to cure trusty and welbeloved squyer, A.D. 1449. Gilbert Parr, keper of oure artillerie within oure Toure y ° v ' 2 1 ‘ of London, greting. We wolle and charge you that anoon aftir the sight Stores to of thees ye deliver unto oure trusty and welbelovede Q C a ^ nt t0 squyere, Robert Whitingham, or his depute in his name, for the defens and sauf keping of oure towne of Caen, within oure duchie of Normandie, m . 1 long- bo wes, m 1 . m 1 . shefe of arowes, xx. gros of strenges, ij. pipes of gunpowdre, ij. pipes of 1 saltpetre, a pipe of brimstone, vj. tonnetighte 2 of irene, a barelle of steel, ij. barrelle of osemunde, xij. barelle of picche, xij. barelle of tere, a pipe of caltraps. Item, ij. gunners and a cunnyng carpentere for the ordenancc. And we wol that thees oure lettres be unto you lierin suffi- ciant warant and discharge, and that by the same ye have due allowance in youre accomptes. Yevene, etc., West ' 3 Londone, the xxj. day of No- Date, vembre, the yere, etc., xxviij. De mandato regis, per advisamentum consilii. T. Kent. 1 O/] All interlineation. j 3 West ’ Londone~\ Such is the 2 Tonnetighte ] So the MS. plain- I reading of the original, ly ; perhaps “ tonne wighte.” I 502 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: 1449. Mandate for the payment of certain stores sent to Cherbourg. A.D. 1449 . Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande Nov ' 2 2 ' and of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresourier and chambrelains of oure Eschequiere, greting. Stores to For asmuche as we at this tyme, for the stuf and Cherbourg sau ^ kepinge of oure towne and castelle of Shirburghe, within oure duchie of Normandie, have boughte of William Cantlowe, marchant of oure cite of Londone, and commaunded to be deliverede for the saide cause unto sir Johne Goghe, preste, curat of the said Shir- burghe, m 1 . viij. c. li. of gunpowdre and ij. c. li. of saltpetre, price the li. viij. d. whiche amountithe to the summe of c. marc., we wol and charge you that unto the said William Cantlowe ye do paye, of oure tresoure beynge in youre warde, the said c. marcs of the money beynge in your handes of the dismes and quinzismes to us in the last parlement graunted. Date. Yeven undre oure Prive Seel at oure saide cite of Londone, the xxij. day of Novembre, the yere of oure regne xxviij. And the above saide c. marcs we wol ye doo sette uppone Thomas Gower, capitaine of oure saide towne and castelle, by way of prest, by the handis of the saide sir Johne, for the cause abovesaid. Yeven as above. T. Kent. (. Dorso .) Persolutum in denariis, per manus Johannis Goghe, capellani, et Willelmi Cantelowe, hoc termino. c. marc. Schyrbourue. HENRY THE SIXTH. 503 1449. The king raises money for the army of Normandy by pledging certain jewels. Henri, by the grace of God king of England and a.d. 1449. of Fraunce, and lorde of Irlande, to the tresorer and • P ec * 20 , chamberleins of onre Eschequier, greting. For asmuch as, for the setting forthe of this oure Mandate present armee into Normandie, we be not as yet pur- ^ of veied of monneie, we wolle therfore and charge you money for that oure jeuelx lierafter under writene, being in youre Normandy* keping, ye deliver to Thomas Maunsel, squier, with oure cousin the due of Somerset, he for to chevisshe upon hem m 1 . li. or more, for to be emploied and clis- pended upon and aboute the sending forthe of tharme aforesaide. First, ij. grete chaundelers of golde, garnisshed with iiij. saphirs, iiij. baleys, iiij. emeraudes, and xxv. perles ; wliiche chaundelers weyen togideres xliiij. marc of Troy sauf ij. unces, price the unce, xxvj. s. viij. d. Summa, cccc. lx. vj. li. xiij. s. iiij. d. Item, a swerd of gold, calede the Swerde of Spayne, garnisshed with vj. grete balis, vj. grete sapphires, iiij**. xix. grete 1 perles upone the scabarde, and the hilt is garnisshed with iij. baleis, ij. saphires, xvi. grete perles, and the pomil of the same ys garnysshede with a balis, a sapphire and x. perles ; weying in alle x. mark and a halfe, and half an unce of Troy, the price ccc. xxxiij. li. vj. s. and viij. d. Also a grete ouche of Seint George, armed, in whiche ouche are sett viij. baleis, vj. saphirs, xiiij. dia- mondes and ij. counterfet diamondes, iiij**. xj. perles, and upon the same ouche are viij. troches, vij. of hem xix. grete] Written upon an erasure. 5 04 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. conteignyng xxviij. perles, and the viijthe troche con- teygnyng iij. perles, and in the same ouche is a crosse of Seinte George conteignyng xiij. 1 baleys smale ; wey- ing in alle xxx. unces of Troy, the prise cc. li. Also ij. newe cencers of silver and overgilte, weying togiders vij. li. vj. unces and iij. quarters, pris every pounde, xl. 3. Summa xv. li. ij. 3. vj. d. Also, a cupp of silver of the olde making, enameled, the covercle is garnisshed with lyons and the toper 2 of the same covercle is broke of, and lyeth in the same cuppe, weying viij. li. viiij. unces ; price everi li. xxxiij. s. iiij. d. Summa xiiij. li. ix. 3. Also, a litle cofre of silver and over gilte, and a chaufer of silver made in manner of a rounde balle, weying ij. li. ij. unces ; pris per lb. xxxvj. 3. viij. d. Summa Ixxix, 3. vj. d. Yeven undre oure Prive Seal, at Westminstre, the xx. day of December the yere of oure reigne xxviij. The whiche juelx were now late delivered unto you by Johne Wenlok, knyght, oone of thexecetours of the testement of the lord Fanhope, that ded is. Yeven as above. Benet. (Dor so.) Pro jocalibus regis invadiandis. 1 xiij.'] A numeral has been erased I 2 Topcr\ This -word is followed before the sum as it stands at present. I by an erasure. HENRY THE SIXTH. .505 1449. The king warrants the pledging of certain jewels for the payment of the army of Normandy. Henri, by the grace of God king of Englande and a.d. 1449 - ’ J ° . j) cc> 2*>. of France, and lorde of Irlande, to the chamberleins of onre Eschequier, greting. For asmuch as we, by oure lettres patentes undre The kin s oure grete seal, have assigned oure welbeloved and the pledg- trusty James Fenes, of Say, knyght, oure tresorere of in P° fce r J J tain jewels Englande, to ley m gage for monnoye to be boroued for the to oure use for the setting forthe of this present armee into Normandie, thejuelx herafter ensuyng, that is toarmvof save • ^ Normandy. A tabulett of golde with j. ymage of Seint George, gamisshed with a ruby and viij. diamondes, and on that oone partie of the ymage is an angel holding an lielme garnisshed with j. rubye and five 1 perles, and on that other partie a mayde kneling with a lambe, garnisshed with j. ruby, and the saide tabulet over the ymage garnisshed with 2 xvij . 3 balis and xxv. saphirs, iij. emeraudes and lv . 4 gi’ete perles and iiij xx . ix. perles of a lasse 5 sort, and with many other small perles ; weyng lxxix. unces and an halfe. Also a saler of golde, covered and made with flour- delys , 6 garnisshed with xiiij. baleys, xv . 7 saphirs, xxiiij. troches , 8 everich of iij. perles, and withe many other 1 Five] Upon an erasure, and the reading is somewhat doubtful. 2 With] An interlineation. 3 xvij.] Uncertain whether xvij. or xxij. 4 lv.] The latter numeral is altered by erasure 5 Lasse] Written upon an erasure. 0 Flourdelys] Upon an erasure. 7 .ru.] Upon an erasure. s Troches] Upon an erasure. SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : 506 small perles; and in the middil, within the saide saler, is a tunge of a serpent and a pece of a 1 uni- corn ; weying, by Troy weight, iiij. li. vij. unces and a halfe. Also a grete 2 cupp of gold, cuvered and chased, garnisshed with ix. saphirs, ix. pericottes, xviij. trochez, 8 everich of iiij. perles, and upon the top a gantii- woman 4 knelyng, and in the myddyl, within the saide cuppe, is a serpentes tunge and a pece of an uni- corne ; weying iiij xiij. unces. Item, an other cuppe of gold, 5 covered and 6 gar- nisshed with 1. rubies, xliiij. perles, and the copet garnisshed with ij. 7 saphires and viij. perles ; weyng 1. unces. Also, iij. pottes of silver and gilte, of oon sorte, with handillis made in maner 8 of writhez ; weying of Troy weyght xl. li. ix. unces. Item, ij. other pottes of silver and gilt chased. plompted 9 with the armes of the lord Audeley upone the liddis ; weying xix. li. iiij. unces. Item, iij. 10 chargeours of silver and gilt, marked with a katerfoyle and a liberdes liede; weying xj. li. j. unce iij. quarters. Item, v. chargeours of silver and gilte, marked with the armes of Courteney ; weying xvj. li. iij. unces, iij. quarters. Item, iiij. chargeours of silver and gilt, wherof oon is marked with a katerfoyle and iij. not marked; weying xiiij. li. vij. unces and iij. quarters. 'a pece of cl] Written upon an erasure. 2 Grete] Between the lines. 3 Troches] Upon an erasure. 4 Gantilwoman] Partly altered by erasure. 5 Gold] Written upon an erasure. 6 And] An erasure occurs before this word. 7 ij.] On an erasure. 8 In maner] Written partly upon an erasure, partly above the line. 9 Plompsted] Upon an erasure. 10 *y.] Originally iiij. HENRY THE SIXTH. 507 Item, viij. chargeours of silver and gilt, and marked with the kinges armes ; weying xl. ii. xj. nnces. j. quarter. Item, iij . 1 disslies of silver and gilt, and not marked ; weying vj. li. viij. unces. Item, iiij. disshes of silver and gilt, graved 2 with bondes in a skochon ; 3 weying v. li. viij. unces, j. quarter. Item, ij. disshes of silver and gilt, marked with j. katerfoyle : weying iii. li. Item, ij. disshes of silver and gilt, wherof j. is marked with a liberdes liedde, and that other with a greffant ; weying ij. li. ix. unces. Item, ij. disshes of silver and gilt, wherof oone is marked with a libardes lied and that other with a katerfoyle and a lozeng in the bottom of the disslie ; weying iij. li. Item, xiij. disshes of silver and gilt, marked with the kinges armes ; weying xxix. li. v. unces and iij. quarters. Item, vij. holow disshes of silver and gilt, marked with the kinges armes ; weying xiij. li. iij. unces, iij. quarters. Item, viij. disshes of silver and gilt, of oone sute ; weying xv. li. viij. unces, iij. quarters. Item, xvj. disshes of silver and gilt, unmarked ; wey- ing xxviij. li. x. unces, iij. quarters. Item, vj. disshes of silver and gilt; weying xviij . 4 marc, j. unce. Item, xij. disshes of silver and gilt, of a lasse sorte ; weying xviij. marc, iiij. unces. Item, xxiiij. sawcers of silver and gilt, marked with 1 iij.'] After these numerals occurs j 3 A skochon j Altered by erasure, an erasure. 4 xviij.] Written upon an erasure. 2 Graved] Upon an erasure. I 503 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. A.D. 1450. Jan. 1 the armes of Harforde ; weying xv. ti. iij. unces, iij quarters. Item, j. cupp of gold covered and anameled with divers images, and garnished with ij. baleis, iiij. sa- phires and iiij xx * xvj. perles ; weying iij xx * viiij. unces. The whiche juelx were late deliverede to oure saide tresorere and to you by Johne Merstone. tresorer of oure chambre . 1 We wol therfore and charge you that, anon after the sight© of thees, that ye deliver unto oure saide tre- sorere the saide juelx for the cause aforesaide. And thees oure lettres shal be unto you in this partie ful discharge. Yeven (In a different hand.) De mandato regis, xxij. die Decembris, anno, etc., xxviij. etc. T. Kent. 1 450. Mandate for expediting the departure of Sir Henry Norbury and Richard Wastnesse into France. By the King . 2 Righte trusty and welbeloved. Sithe yt is so, as we be informed, that your abiding, and youre retenues, 1 The whiche . . . chambre'] An j addition, between the lines, by a , different hand. It was previously ! inserted in the lower margin, and stood thus, “ delivered to oure said tresorere and to you by Johne Merstone, squyer, tresorer of oure chambre.” But the passage has been struck out. 2 Two copies of this document exist, fastened together, a fair copy (from which the text is taken,) and the original draft, which furnishes the following notes. HENRY THE SIXTH. 509 in this oure reaume is because that ye may not have Mandate sufticeante and redy shippyng for you bo the to passe theftranslt togeder into oure reaume of Fraunce, we, by thadvis Sir and assent of oure counseil, wol and charge you, that Norbury yf so be that ye may not bothe passe at oons, that ^ ye, Sir Henry Norbury, first take youre shippyng, for waste- you and for youre retenuc. And as to your arrival " esse lnto J J . . France, be yonde see, oure wil is that ye arrive in the coun- tree of Cause, at suchc place as yt may be though te unto you moost seure for to do, as neghe toward 1 the place there as oure trewe subgiz ben assembled in the saide countree of Cause as ye may ; takyng youre feli- shipe and compaignie, and cherisshing in youre most best and tendre wyse thambassatours late sent unto us from oure counseilx of Fraunce and Normandie. And in like maner we wol that ye, Wastenesse, be demencd, as sone as ye may have shippyng for you and youre retenuc aforeseide. Praying you bothe, and straytely 2 chargyng you, that ye spede you thiderward in al godely hast that ye may, for the more comfort of oure saide trew sub- gittz and to the rebuke of oure ennemys aforeseide. Ye ven 3 Date. To oure right trusty and wel belovedHerry Norbury, Knygt, and to Richard Wastenesse, esquier, and to eche of hem. 1 1 Toward . . ] This clause stood , originally thus : — “Toward Caude- ! bek as ye may. After the whiche your arrival, we wol and charge you that ye with your seide retenue drawe you to oure other trewe sub- gittz, there geddred togcdder lo resiste the malice of oure ennemys.” ! The alteration is made by a different i hand in the margin. 2 Straytely ] Added above the line in the original draft. 3 Yeven\ “ Yeven under oure Drive Seal, at Westmynstre, the xvj. day of Januer.” 4 To oure . . . hem ] This clause does not occur in the draft. In the fair copy it is added by the hand which has corrected the former. 510 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : A.D. 1450. Jan. 21. Harfleur and Dieppe having been taken by the French, the king is apprehen- sive for the safety of Cherbourg and other places ; 1450. Letters from the king requesting aid in the preser- vation of Lower Normandy. Righte deire and entirely welbelovede, etc. We trowe that it be noghte unknowyne to yow how that but late ago, oure enemyys, assocyyd and accom- panyyd of oure rebelles and traytours of the cuntre of Cauce, assemblid with hem in grete nombre, and be thaire covyne, assent and ymaginacone, haave gotyne oure townes of Harflete and Depe, and other certayne fortresses there ; the whiche how be it that with the grace of oure Lorde and the good helpe and assistance of yow, and other owre trewe sugites and welwil- ynges, shal esyly and soon be rekeveryd ; nevertheless as we be lernyd, oure sugites there beene, as for the tyme, gretly discoraged and discomforthyde be the said enterprises, and oure said rebelles and enemyys gretly rejoysyd, enhardyyd and encoragid ther by, and disposide one every partye and behalve to assemble hem in all the haste that thai kane, in swiche puissance and noumbre as thai may gedire, to thentent semblably to gete be tresone or be force other townes, places and fortresses of oure obeisaunce there (that God defende !) and namly dispose hem to approche oure towne and castell of Chirborowc and other places in the Basse Normandie. And how it be that we have ordeynid to send over, in al the haste that we goodly kane and may, a grete and notable puissaunce and arme in to oure said reme of Fraunce, for the defense of oure said obeisaunce and sugites, and in especial, to thentent to purchas and gete, with the grace of God, a pees to bothe oure remes be the HENRY THE SIXTH. 511 mene 1 of therefore and abidyne were, that oure said arme shal make to oure said enemy ys and rebelles there, neverthelees the ordinaunce and redyynge of the said arme, with that that belongithe to the settynge over therof, wol aske a covenable tyme, within the whiche, as it is dowtid, grete inconvenyent and hurt myghte fal unto us, namely in oure saide cuntre of Basse Normandie, the whiche with esy releve and cumforth for a tyme shulde mowe be lettyd and eschuyd. For so moche, owre righte diere, etc., we write whereupon unto yow, exhortynge and prayynge yow as hertily aj d . S ° llCltS and as tendirly as we kane, and upone al the love and affeccion that ye bere unto us, and to the wor- shipe and welfare of us and both oure remes , 2 that ye wol, fro tyme to tyme, with as grete and good diligence as ye kane, have a diligent herkenynge and awayte upone owre said cuntre of Basse Normandie, the whiche ys nye to yow, and upone thastaat and disposicion therof , 3 * do al the labour and diligence that ye kane and may to make oure sugites of youre cuntre to be arayyd and redy in thaire best maniere and wise, every manne after his degre, for the defense of thaire cuntre. And that in caas of necessite of hasty and undelayyd releve and socour of owre said cuntre of Basse Normandie, thai wille she we us sem- blable love and affeccion, kyndenesse and good wille, as thai dide to the kynge (to whoos soule God do mercye !) that was oure lorde and fadiree in the tyme that oure bele uncle of Gloucestre lay at the sege 1 The mene ] 'Written above the line. The sentence is obscure, and apparently incorrect. 2 Of us and boihe oure remes J An interlineation. 3 Therof ] Here a marginal note directs that the following clause be inserted : — “ To therle and that ye, callynge to you other notable personis, swiche as it shal be thognt unto you expedient, — Aliis : — and that ye, with other notable persons.” 512 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS : Date. before Chirburowc ; wberinne ye, and thai , 1 so doynge, shal yeve us cause and matiere alway to liave in remembrance tlie kyndenesse so to be shewyd unto us by yow, in this oure grete necessite and tendre age, and at al dayes to be to yow the more tendre and good lorde. And as owre trust ys in yow, fay- litlie us noRlite in this owre niede. Yevene 2 at Westminstre, the xxj. day of Januer. o ff + To tlierle of Devensliire. o C + To the bisshope of Excestre. o b + To sir William Boneville, knygt. o b + To sir Philipe Courtenay, knygt. o h -f Thomas 3 Carmeneaw, squier. P. C. To sir Thomas Arundelle, knvght. o + To sir Thomas Brooke, o f. To the barone of Carrewe. o T. To sir Joline Denham, o p. To the lorde Botreaux. o M. To sir John Darondelle. To thabbot of Tavestoke. o C. To the priour of Plymmouthe . 4 * And thai ] Added between the lines. * Yevene ~\ The draft from this point, to the end is in a different hand. 3 Thomas ] Above the line. 4 This document, a draft, is writ- ten upon paper, the watermark of which is either the sole of a shoe, or a pot. The whole surface is much discoloured by the application of an infusion of galls. HENRY THE SIXTH. 513 1450. Mandate for the despatch of munitions for the defence of Caen. Be ther maade a warant undre Prive Sealle to the A.T). uso. tresorere and chaumberleins of tlieschequier, com- * cb ‘ 4 ‘ maunding them to delivore, or to do be delivered, Gunpow- for the defense, seure and sauve garde of Caene, to arrows, ^and Robert Whitingham, cappitaine tlierof, or to Johne other mu - r ■. • i • i i • i • , . „ nitions Cauners, squier, Ins cleputee in this partie, m. ti. of despatched gonne poudre, m. ti. of salpetre, vj. c. bowes and vj. toCaen - groos stringes and xxviij. ti. in moneye, for thexpenses and costes of cofres, shipping, housing, charging, dis- charging and also cariage of alle the thinges abovesaide to Caene. 1 Item, be ther maade an othre warrant to Gilbart Par, keper of oure artillarie, to deliver for the de- fence, seure and sauf garde of the above saide Caene, to the saide Robert Whitingham, or to Johne Cauniers, m 1 . sheef of arowes and v. c. ti. of brymstone. Tn palacio suo Westmonasterii, iiij Februarii, anno Date, etc. xxviij 0 rex, per avisamentum dominorum spiritualium et temporalium, mandavit fieri warranta sub privato sigillo secundum quod su- perius petitur. T. Kent. Inde recepit, videlicet per manus Johannis Nycolle xlj. ti. xvj. 5. iiij. d. Thom re Haukyne xxij. ti. v. 5. iiij. d. Johannis Kirkeby xxv. marc, pro gunpoudre et salpetre ab eis emptis. Item, recepit per manus Rieardi Riche. For oure towne and castelle of Caene. Or the dorse of the warrant. VOL. I. K K 514 SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: A.D. 1450. March 8. John Mel- ton, being unable to pay his ransom has permission from the king to trade with France. 1450. The king grants permission to John Meltone, to trade with France, for the payment of Ills ransom, By the King. Richte trusty and welbeloved. For asmuche as we have understande, by a supplicacion presentede unto us in the behalve of Johne Meltone, squier, that he, being prisoner with the lord Gaucourt, hathe left in plegge for the paiement of his finance two of his children, and may not ordeino for the redy and sure paiement of his said finance, as he saithe, withoute our grace be shewed unto liym in that partie. We therfore, and in consideracion of the good service that the said Johne hathe do unto us in oure werres of Fraunee and duchie of Normandie, have of our grace especial graunted unto hym licence, during to the xj. day of May next commyng, that he, by Richard Ludlowe and Johne William, and theire factours and attourneyes, may lede, sendo and carye oute of oure porte of Southe- amptone al maner of merchandises lawful of this our royaume, except staple ware, in a balinger of oui said town of Southeamptone, called the Thomas of Hamp- tone, of the portage of xxij. tonne, or within, withe x. mariners and a page in the said balinger, wherof ben owners Johne William, Thomas Saundre, and Wil- liam Elys, and maistre therof, Thomas Saundre, in to thobbeissance of our adversaire of Fraunee, and from tho parties to bringe al othre maner marohaundisses into this our royaume, as slial be thoughte most be- hoveful and prouffuitable unto the said Richard Lud- lowe and Johne William, their factours and attour- neyes, and from hens thider and ayen, during the said tyme ; paying unto us al maner custumcs, sub- sidies, and devoirs therof to us due. HENRY THE SIXTH. 515 Wherupon we wol and charge you that, under oure Privo Seel, being in your keeping, ye do make oure lottres directed to ouro chaunceller of Englande, charg- ing hym hem pon to do make ouro lettres of licence in due fourme. And thees oure lettres shal be your warrant. Yeven under oure signet, at oure palois of West- Date, mynstre, the viij. day of Marche, the yere of oure regne xxviij. Purveied alleway that he excede not the somme of c. tonne tyghte, going and commyng, during the said terme. De mandato domini. Est. ( Dorso .) To oure righte trusty and welbeloved clerc, maister Andrew Holes, keper of oure Prive Seel. 1450 . Mandate for the discharge of certain persons who had in custody William de la Pole, duke of Suffolk. By the King. Righte trusty and welbeloved ; we late you wite A.D. 1450. ^ ^ March 1 9 that whereas we now late committed William de la Pole, due of Suffolk, unto the keping and warde of oure Th e duke welbeloved servantes and squiers William Myneurs, having Jolme Stanley, and Thomas Stauntone, we, for divers taken considerations moeving us at this tyme, have dis- custody of charged the said oure squiers of the keping and warde of the said due. K K 2 they have letters of discharge thereupon. Date. A.D. 14. p ,0. April 1. Mandate for the payment of money to Gervays Clyftone. 51G SUPPLEMENTARY LETTERS AND PAPERS: Wherfore we wol and charge you that, under oure Prive Seel, being in youre warde, ye do make oure lettres of suffisant warrant directed unto oure chaun- celler of Englande, charging him to do make, under oure grete Seel, suffissant lettres of 1 discharge unto everiche of the said oure squiers of keping and warde of the said due. By the wliiche oure lettres of dis- charge they, and everiche of theym, and the heirs of theym and of everiche of theym, may be discharged and acquieted anenst us and our heirs for evermore in that behalf. And thees oure lettres shal be your warrant. Yeven under oure signet, at oure Palaisc of West- minstre, the xix day of Marche, the yere of oure regne xxviij. Osbern. (Dor. 90 .) To oure rigid trusty and welbeloved clerc, maistre Andrew Holes, keper of oure Prive Seel. 1450 . Four hundred marks to be paid to Gervays Clyftone for the keeping of the see. Henri, etc. to the tresorer and chnmborlcins of oure Eschequier, greting. Forasmoche as we, considering the greet charges and manyfolde costes, also the good and notable service and effectuel labourcs and true diligence, that oure welbeloved squyer Gervays Clyftone of long tyme bathe had and done, and dayly so bathe and Lettres of] An addition between the lines. HENRY THE SIXTH. 517 doafche, for and aboute the hoping of the see and rebukyng of oure adversaries and enemies, suclie as bysily occupie tliaim upon the see for to greve and noye, as wel oure lige men and subgittes, as oure lrendes going and comyng with marchandises and otherwise to and from this oure reaume, and other places of oure obeisance, have graunted unto him iiij. c. marc, to be taken of us by youre handes by way of rewarde, we wol and charge you that unto the said Gervais ye doo make redy payment of the iiij. c. marc, to have of oure yefte, for the cause abovesaide. Yevene etc. at Westminstre, the furst 1 day of Date. Aprille, the yere &c. xxviij.. * De mandato regis. T. Kent. 1150. The king orders the despatch of military stores to Cherbourg. Henry, by the grace of God king of Englande A.D. 1450. and of Fraimce, and lordc of Irlande, to the tresourer J uDG 4 " and chamberlains of oure Eschequier,