Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/iconographiascotOOpink } \ DuchtSit PI /rn/ ^rt?//i ///< ^/t// //// >/p if/ r //.'///y/t"t/y/ smtxmt^^ Illustrious Persons of cotfaiuS MIX CXCV1 1 . SUBSCRIBERS AND PATRON HIS MAJESTY, GEORGE III. Earl of Ancram. Mifs Ablett. Earl of Buchan. Countefs of Buchan. Earl of Breadalbainc. Lord Balgonie. Lady Balcarras. William Beckford, Efq. Font Hill, Wilts. Rev. Mr. Brand, S. A. S. Theodore Broadhead, Efq. Mr. Booker, Bookfeller, fix fets. Meffrs. Bell and Bradfute, Bookfellers, Edinburgh. Earl of Clarendon. Lord Colvill. Sir David Carnegie, Bart. M. P. J. C. Curwen, Efq. M. P. Lord F. Campbell. Thomas Coutts, Efq. Mr. Collins, Devizes. Ma RQUIS of Abercorn. A Rev* Mr. ( » ) Rev. Mr. Candler, Lammas, Norfolk. A. Lawfon Mansfelde de Cardonnell, Efq. Mr. Clarke, Bookfeller, fix fets. Mr. Chapman, Bookfeller. Mr. Colnaghi, Printfeller. Mr. Conftable, Bookfeller, Edinburgh, fix fets. Mr. James Caulfield. Right Rev. Bifhop of Dromore. Colonel Dowdfwell. Douglas, Efq. Francis Douce, Efq. F. A. S. R. J. Dimfdale, Efq. Hon. T. Erfkine, M. P. Mr. J. Edwards, Bookfeller, fifteen fets. Mr. R. Edwards, Bookfeller, fix fets. Mr. Egerton, Bookfeller, fix fets. Rev. R. Farmer, D. D. Matter of Emanuel College, Cambridge. Martin Fonnereau, Efq. Rev. Mr. Ford, Canterbury. Mr. Findlay. Mr. Faulder, Bookfeller, thirty fets. Mr. Gardner, Bookfeller. Hamilton, Efq. Adair Hawkins, Efq. Mrs. Herbert, Chefhunt, Herts. Mr. Harding, Printfeller, twenty-four fets. MefTrs. Hookham and Carpenter, Bookfellers, fix fets. Mr, S. Hayes, Bookfeller, fix fets. Rev. Mr. ( Hi ) Rev. Mr. Ireland, Wotton under Edge, Gloucefterfhire. ■ Ingram, Efq. Billiter Square. Thomas Johnnes, Efq. M. P. Mr. Jeffery, Bookfeller, three fets. Earl of Kelly. John Kerr, Efq. Newbottle. Major Alexander Kydd. His Grace the Duke of Leeds. Earl of Leven. Earl of Lauderdale. Lord Lefley. Colonel Lefley. Lloyd, Efq. Mr. Lowe, Bookfeller, Birmingham. General Melvil. R. Marfham, Efq. F. R. S. Stratton, Norfolk. M'cKintofh, Efq. Lieutenant Colonel Mackenzie. Mr. Manfon, Bookfeller, fix fets. Mr. Moltino, Printfeller, nine fets. G. Nicol, Efq. Mr. Deputy Nichols. Earl of Orford. Profefibr Ogilvie, Aberdeen. Alexander Orr, Efq. F. Pigou, Efq. Mr. Pennant. ( \» ) Mr. Pennant. Mr. Le Petit. His Grace the Duke of Quecnlberry. His Grace the Duke of Roxburgh. Dr. Rutherford, Kelfo. Meflrs. Robinfons, fix fets. Earl of Stair. Lord Sheffield. Sir John Sinclair, Bart. Andrew Stuart, Efq. M. P. . Smith, Efq. Grantham, Lincolnfhire. Mr. Simco, Bookfeller, eight fets. Mr. Stace, Bookfeller, twelve fets. Mr. G. Sael, Bookfeller. Mr. Scott, fix fets. S. Tighe, Efq. Dr. Tytler. Mr. Todd, Bookfeller, York. — — Townley, Efq. Mr. Turner. Wright, Efq. R. Waters, Efq. two fets. Meflrs. White, Bookfellers, fix fets. Mr. Walter, Bookfeller, three fets. Mr. Wilkinfon, Printfeller. Mr. Waldron, Bookfeller. FINIS. ADVERTISEMENT. THE firft part of the portraits of illuftrious perfons of Scotland, is now fubmitted to the public. The com- mencement, and arrangement, of a work of this nature are accompanied with unavoidable delays j and where many en- gravers are employed, many embarraflments mud arife : but the publifher hopes in future to bring forward each part, from three to fix months after the preceding ; a period of lefs delay, and more certain execution, than the publi- cation in monthly numbers, which he has been advifed to abandon. It is unneceffary to repeat what is mentioned in the Pro- Ipectus, concerning the plan of this work, and the furprifing neglect which has prevailed in Scotland, in this interesting department. The collection of Danilli portraits, by Hoff- man, may mew the attention of the moft remote countries to this pleafing branch of art and fcience, a favorite with the moft polifhed nations, both ancient and modern. Nor has it been obferved without reafon, that portrait painting is per- haps equal to any exertion of the pencil, as when it difplays a character really interefting, it awakens more numerous ideas of mind, life, and action, than any other allotment of the canvas can pretend to infpire. It renders us perfonally acquainted, fo to fpeak, with former ages ; and it imprints with double vigour on the memory the entertainment, and the instruction, of hiftory. From the fpecimen now publifhed, it is hoped it will fuf- fkiently appear to every candid reader, that the Editor has no view whatever, but to ferve his country, by introducing its illuftrious characters to more general attention, and their portraits to the moft diftant cabinets. Addicted to no party fave that of truth and fcience, whatever praife, or blame, may be fparingly distributed in the biographical notices, will be that of an impartial fpectator. It may therefore be wifhed, and expected, that the nobility and gentry of Scotland, in particular, will favour the Publifher with correct drawings of any remarkable portraits they poffefs, a favour which will be gratefully acknowledged in the work. Mr, ADVERTISEMENT. Mr. Pennant, in his Tour in Scotland, mentions the fol- lowing portraits : At Newbottel. Henry D^rnley — Mary of Guife — Car, earl of Somerfet — regent Morton — fir Patrick Ruthven, earl of Forth and Brentford — Mark, earl of Lothian, by fir An- tonio More — Mark Ker, prior of Newbottel. At Dalkeith. Countefs of Buccleugh, and lady Eglinton her fifter. At Dupplin. Sir George Hay of Maginnis, 1640 — Hay, earl of Carlifle — chancellor Hay — fecond earl of Kinnoul, Vandyke. At T ay mouth. Family of Glenurchy, a tree with minia- tures, by Jamefon, 1635 — Braidalban family in a book of miniatures. At Aberdeen. Earl Marfhall the founder — bifhop Burnet — Andrew Cant — Gordon of Straloch. Old College. Bilhop Forbes — ProfefTors Sandilands and Gordon. At Tarn away. Sir William Balfour, the parliamentary general — the bonny earl of Murray, his lady, and daughter. At Caftle Braan. Mary — Darnley, xz. 9. At Dunrobin caftle. Earl of Murray, an old man ; his fon and daughters by Co. G. (Cornelius Janfen ?) 1628 : (fome miftake, perhaps Mar.) At Hamilton. Earls Lauderdale, and Lanerk — duke of Chattelheraut, regent, in black, with the order of St. Mi- chael — regent Morton — Alexander Henderfon — Mifs Mary Scott, the flower of Yarrow. At Drumlanrig. Earls of Traquair, Rothes, and Dun- barton. In Douglas church. Monuments, with effigies, of good lir James, 1330 — Archibald, earl of Douglas, 1438 — James the Grofs, and his wife Beatrix Sinclair, 1443. Others may exilt at Bothwell, and Melrofe.* To thefe may be added, Cardinal Beton, at Holyrood houfe. Alexander Henderfon, at Yefter houfe. * Among the monumen's may alfo be named thofe at Swinton, At- .buthnot, Abernetby, Eorthw ick, Seton. James, ADVERTISEMENT. James, earl of Douglas, at C avers.* Vifcount Stair, earl of -tair's. Family of Seton of Winton, by fir Antonio More, lord So niervi lie's. Pn fident Gilmour, at the Inch, near Edinburgh. Baiilie of Jervifwood, Mellerftan houfe. Scott of Scotftarvet, Baicolmy. Chatteiaeraut, regent, Holyrood houfe. Chancellor Loudon, Loudon ufl.t. Sir Wiiiiam Bruce the architect, Bruce of Arnot. Sibbald the antiqu y, Duntervie, Weft Lothian. Cockburn of Ormmon, the family. Chancellor Glencairn, Coallfhoufe, near Edinburgh. Principal Carfh irs, univerfity of Edinbugh. Archbifhop Adamfon, Baiilie Duff, Aberdeen. Lady Mary Stuart, wife of Mar the treafurer, lord Buchan's. Alexander Erfldne, fon of the treafurer, the fame. Lockha t the ambaffador, at Lee. David, lft vifcount Stormont, church of Scone. Several perlbnages of the court of James VI. — a hunting piece, old gallery Scone. Principal Rolloch, univerfity Edinburgh. Eminent phyficians, furgeons hall, Edinburgh. Regent Murray, Mr. Beckford's at Fonthill. Sir Robert Murray, royal fociety. Robert II in armour, at Strawberry hill. Lord Balcarras, author of the Memoirs, lady Ann Lindfay. John Keill, and David Gregory, at Oxford. La Belle Stuart, duchefs of Richmond, at lord Weftcote's at Hagley. Sir Robert Douglas, afterwards vifcount Belhaven, and his lady JNicolaa Murray, Savoy chapel. * Called the fecond of the name, [1385]; probably the laft earl, [1452]. In the old palace of Whitehall, was the portrait of Archibald eail ot Douglas, painted while he was in England, about 1404. Hume's houfe of Douglas I, 224. Portraits of James IV, with a falcon on his wrift, are mentioned in the catalogues of the paintings belonging to Charles l } &c. Alicia ADVERTISEMENT. Alicia Stewart, Savoy. Robert Scott, Lambeth church. Dr. Burnet, Charter houfe. Edward 2d. lord Bruce of Kinlofs, lord Aylefbury. The fame, with his brothers and fitters, Rolls chapel. Ludovic, duke of Lennox, lord Pomfret. John, earl of Crawford. At the chateau of Aubigny in Berry, belonging to the duke of Richmond, were feveral portraits of the heroic family of the Stuarts, lords of Aubigny; but it is to be feared that they have perifhed during the prefent commotions in France.* %* Any additional information concerning Scotifh por- traits will be thankfully acknowledged. The following deferve particular refearch. 1400 — 1500. Livingfton and Crichton — the Boyds — earls of Douglas — Sinclair earl of Orkney, chancellor — Crawford and Huntley — Kennedy, bilhop of St. Andrews — Mary of Gelder — earls of Angus — Alexander, duke of Albany — fir Andrew Wood — fir Robert Barton — Arran — fir Patrick Hamilton. 1500 — 1600. Forman, bifhop of Moray — Home — John, duke of Albany — Gawin Douglas — earls of Hunt- ley — archbifhop Beton — fir James Hamilton — Oliver Sin- clair — Magdalen of France — archbifhop Hamilton — the leaders of the reformation, Argyle, Glencairn, John Er- fkine of Dun, Kirkaldy of Grange, Norman Lefley; with Arran, Rothes, Ruthven, Monteith, Boyd, Ochiltree — Both- well — Gowrie — fir James Melville, &c. * Many portraits not mentioned in the Profpec"tus have been procured ; but of thofe there named, the following remain. The royal portraits at Taymouth — James III at Kenfmgton, painted about 1482, as appears from the age of his fon ; Flemifti, but artift unknown. Mabufe was born in 1499 — Margaret and Angus, lord Bute's — Mary in widow's weeds, Kenfmgton — Hay earl of Carlifle — Andrew Cant, and Gordon of Straloch. Printed for ISAAC HERBERT, Bookseller, No. 29, Great Ruffell Street, Bloom/bury ; And fold by Mr. G. Nicol, Bookfeller to his Majefty, Mr. Ed- wards, Mr. John Nichols, Mr. Richardson, Mr* Thornton, Mr. Clarke, and Mr. Simco ; MefTrs. Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh j and Mr. Archer, Dublin. ALEXANDER III. HE print prefixed, is rather given as a curiofity, than as prefenting an accurate portrait of this monarch. It is taken from a copy, in the collection of the earl of Buchan, from an ancient limning, formerly, in the Col- lege of Arms, London. Alexander III. was born on the 4th of September, 1241. He afcended the throne, a minor not eight years of age, 13th July 1249, on tne death of his father Alexander II. His life was diftinguilhed by virtues ; his reign by wifdom and juftice. His accidental death, on the 16th March 1286, left Scotland a prey to the ambition of the Englifh monarch, Edward I.* The coronation of Edward took place on the 19th of Auguft, 1274. Alexander, with his queen, and many of his nobility, aflifted at the ceremony ;| as did Llewellyn, prince of Wales. From the delineation here given, it alfo appears, that Alexander and Llewellyn fat in the houfe of peers, in a parliament held, as ufual, after the inauguration. This reprefentation of the houfe of peers is curious and interefting. The archbifhops of Canterbury and York are feated fomewhat lower than Alexander and Llewellyn : the two * Annals of Scotland, by Sir David Dalrymple, vol. I. fub amis. t Ibid. Alexander III. two perfons behind the latter, are fuppofed to reprefent the pope's ambafladors : he behind Alexander to bear the deed of homage for the lands pofTeffed by that monarch in England. The mitred abbots amount to nineteen ; while the bifhops prefent are only eight ; the temporal , peers, twenty. In the midft, the chancellor and judges appear on their woolfacks. JAMES I. r T" , HIS monarch was born in 1394, for he was in his forty-fourth year when he was flain in 1437.* In 1405, when he was about eleven years of age, he was fent to France for his education, by his father Ro- bert III. ; but was captured by the Englifh on his voyage ;f and remained a prifoner in England for about nineteen. years. This captivity was neverthelefs attended with eminent advantages. Nurtured in the fchool of adverfity, his mind eagerly imbibed the elegant arts, and ufeful fciences : and, on the 21ft of May 1424,^ he afcended the throne of his fathers, perhaps the mod accomplilhed fovereign in Europe of his time. The regencies of Robert, and Murdac, dukes of Al- bany, had been fertile in public abufes : and the dilapi- dation of the royal lands and revenues, which they had ihared among the nobles, in order to eftablifh their own power, expofed the new fovereign to a choice of difficulties. His reign muft be degraded by penury ; or rendered dan- gerous by the arduous talk of refuming the royal patri- mony. The fpirit and genius of James preferred the latter alternative ; and, after a long feries of national dif- order, the fword of juftice at length filled the hand of the monarch, and flamed in the eyes of an ufurping arifto- cracy. The moft guilty of the public depredators fell under * Contin. of Fordun, II. 503. + Ibid. 439. Winton's Chronicle, MS. p. 895, who exprefsly dates this capture in 1405 ; and the death of Robert III. a year after, 1406. See alfo Ruddiman's notes on Buchanan, I. 436. \ Contin. of Fordun, II. 474. James I. under the axe of the law : neither rank, nor even royal blood, could fave them from equal juflice. Terror for a time feized the peers, and eftablifhed tranquillity. At length a confpiracy was formed ; and James perifhed un- der the fword of an aflaffin, on the night between the 20th and 2 1 ft of February, 1437.* In poetry, in mufic, in the learning of his age, this prince was eminently flailed. In the field of manly and martial exercife his management of the horfe, of the bow, of the fpear, excited admiration : his domeftic hours were dedicated to elegant writing, and miniature painting ; to mechanical arts ; and to the cultivation of the garden, and the orchard.t He was fhort of ftature ; and towards the end of his reign became very corpulent ; but his ftrength and agi- lity remained unimpaired. J The prefent portrait is taken, in fac-fimile, from that in the lnfcriptiones Hifiorica Regum Scotorum of Jonfton, 1602, a feries intitled to the greateft confidence of authenticity.§ * Contin. of Fordun, II. 503. Ruddi man's Buchanan, I. 439. + Contin. of Fordun, II. 504, 505, &c. % Compare Contin. of Fordun, II. 504, with the Defcriptio Afiae et Europae, by Pope Pius II. who had feen James in Scotland, edit. Paris 1534, 8vo. p. 415 ; " jacobus eo tempore [1435] regnabat, qua- dratus, et multa pinguedine gravis, qui cum olim in Anglia captus," &c. " His hair was auburn, a colour between white and red." Drumm. Hift. p. 31. \ The plates were afterwards ufed in Murray of Glendook's A£ts of Parliament, Edinburgh, 1681, folio. Thofe in Drummond's Hiftory, London, 1655, folio, feem copies, except James IV. but the likenefs is loft, and the whole are of no authority. IDAVIB 1 ««a MAJLCOJLMlV from a. Charter inAndersonsT)iplornata DAVID I, and MALCOM IV. * J^HESE delineations are given from the initial letter of a charter publifhed by Anderfon;* and are rather to be confidered as illustrative of the coflume, than as un- doubted portraits. David I afcended the throne on the 27th of April, 1124. His piety gained him the defignation of the Saint; but, as James I of Scotland obferved, " he was a fore faint to the crown;" for fuch was his profufion in favour of thech urch, that he considerably weakened the refources and power of fubfequent monarchs. He was, however, in other refpects, a virtuous, wife, and fpirited fovereign. His death happened on the 24th of May, 1 153, after a reign of twenty-nine years, f Henry prince of Scotland having died on the 12th of June, 1 152, MalcomlV fucceeded David his grand-father. This brave young prince died on the 28th of December, 1 165, in the twenty-fourth year of his age. His youth and beauty occafioned the vulgar appellation of The Maiden ; but his actions difplay vigour and enterprize. J * Diplomata, No. 24. This is a charter of Malcom IV, confirming that by David his grandfather, to the monaftery of Kelfo. t Dalrymple's Annals, vol. i. % Ibid. U O B Hi ET Mil ROBERT III. HIS portrait of Robert III, which is taken in fac- fimile from that in the Infcriptiones of Jonfton, being rather uncertain, it is unneceffary here to expatiate on the reign and character of that monarch. Suffice it to obfervc that he afcended the throne on the 14th of Auguft, 1390, aged upwards of fifty ; and died on the 4th of April 1406, in the feventeenth year of his reign. He was a pious and benevolent prince; but his reign was deltitute of energy and of fuccefs. The continuator of Fordun defcribcs his perfon as tall and majeftic, his countenance as florid and oval, enlivened with fparkling eyes, and rendered venerable by a long beard of fnowy whitenefs.* The prefent portrait appears much too young ; and the beard is wanting, though it form a ftriking feature on his feals, and it be certain that this appendage was worn in France and England, in the fourteenth century, was aban- doned in the fifteenth, and revived in the next. Yet artifts fometimes omitted it, as appears from the medal of David II, compared with his miniature portrait, the long beard in the latter being wanting in the former.f * II. 440. + Eflay on Medals, vol. II, plate ii. n. 4. Strutt's Regal and Ecclefiafti- cal Antiquities, plate liii. The Robert hi. The drefs is however faithful to the coftume of the times. The peculiar bonnet, and the tunic gathered about the neck, may be traced in the authentic reprefentations of Montfaucon. The robe and the fhort coat alfo appear, open, with flaps or lapells at the breaft, as in this portrait. * * Mon, de la Mon. Fr. tome III, plate 20, and plate 30, n. 1. fubfi.rhfd -i January Tj9£ bu l.tlrrbert N9?q Great Russell Street Blaonvbur* Xe tuner -fycit JOCOSA.f OUNTESS OJK 1DAJLHOITSUE ., iroTA a Monument in iheSavqy Church JOCOSA APSLEY, COUNTESS of DALHOUSIE. OF this lady nothing more has been difcovered than is contained in her epitaph, whence it appears that me was the daughter of fir Alan Apfley, knight, lieutenant of the tower of London ; that me was firft married to Lyfter Blunt, Efq. fon to lir Richard Blunt, of Maple-Durham, in Oxfordmire, and afterwards to William Ramfay, fecond earl of Dalhoufie. The epitaph adds, that me had no children, and that me died on the 28th of April, 1663. Douglas, in his peerage,* mentions that William Ramfay, whom he calls firft earl of Dalhoufie, married Margaret Carnegie, daughter of the earl of Southefk, by whom he had feven children. As this earl of Dalhoufie died in 1674, advanced in years, there is reafon to believe that this lady was his fecond wife; and, having no children, fhe efcaped the notice of genealogifls. This portrait is from her monument in the Savoy chapel, Strand, and the epitaph is in the following words : Memorial facrum Jocofc, natse Alano Apfley, equiti aurato, turris Londini locum-tenenti digniffimo, non indignas. f Primum Lyftero Blunt Armig. Richardi de j Maple-Durham, in agro Oxon. Equ. aurati filio. uptiaeX £) orn i n0j Domino Guil. Ramfey Comiti |_de Dalhoufey fecundo. Uxoris * Page 174. Jocosa ApsleYj Countess of Dalhousie. Uxons caftse, moribus fuaviffimis, prudentis et pudicae* Matris abfque liberis ; nempe liberalitatis, inopumquc facilis et foecundae. Filiae ecclefise, quam impenfe coluit, pu- rioris Anglicanae, devotiflimae. Arnicas, cito, fero, ferio, certas, bene-meritis munificae, univerfis benevolae. Denatse, anno falutis recuperate 1663, Aprilis 2 8vo die. / ^ \ Puhtitksd iul.'l.rbtrt N'iy Greal itiusiU. Strut, BLomsbun. William Eljpmjins. tow Bishop of Abe irmuis . KM WILLIAM ELPHINSTON, BISHOP of ABERDEEN. 'HIS celebrated prelate was born atGlafgow, in the year 1437. ^ e ftudied the civil and canon laws in France, where he refided nine years, and returned with diftinguifhed reputation in 1471. He afterwards proceeded on an embafTy to France; and in 1484, was appointed bilhop of Aber- deen. Other embaflies difplayed his political talents; and in Feb. 1488, he was appointed chancellor of Scotland by James III ; who being flain in June, the bifhop's high office terminated, after a brief duration of little more than three months. * But his diplomatic abilities were foon recalled into action by the fucceeding fovereign, and after again appear- ing as a negotiator, bilhop Elphinflon was made lord privy feal in the year 1492, an office which he appears to have held till his death, on the 25 th of October, 15 14, in his feventy-feventh year, f In the year 1500, he completed his noble inftitution of an univerfity at Aberdeen, being the third in Scotland in point of antiquity. The papal bulls had been procured in 1494; but the building and the arrangements occupied fix years. X % Ibid. Orem's Hiftory of the Chancery of Aberbeen, Bib. Topogr. Brit. No. iii. &c. Nor * Crawford's Officers, 50. + Keith's Bifhops, 70. William Elphinston, Bishop of Aberdeen. Nor was this learned prelate unknown as an author, but his hiftory of Scotland feems only a tranfcript of Fordun to the death of James I : and if Elphinfton wrote the hiftory of his own times, the lofs is great and irreparable. * This portrait is taken from a painting, apparently con- temporary, in the univerfity of Aberdeen. * The Hiftory afcribed to Elphinfton is among the Bodleian MSS. and clofes at the year 1437. -^ ut Drummond quotes him for an event of 1479, erroneoufly in appearance ; for Boyce, the bifhop's friend, only fpeaks of collections, Orem, p. xxvii. whence it alfo appears that Boyce had di- gefted his fables in 1522, four or five years before his work appeared. A long and interefting account of Elphinflon occupies half of Heftor Boyce's beft work, his Lives of the bifhops of Aberdeen, Paris 1522, 4to. A tranflation of this part is given in Orem's compilation above quoted, p. x — xxxiv. \ JiMES V. /'mm a Pazntuy in ///< DaJk of DevansJdre's possession JAMES V. AMES IV married Margaret of England, daughter of and early deaths intervened before a vivacious fruit of their union appeared. James V was born on the ioth of April 1512:* and in September 15 13, when he was an in- fant of a year and a half, the fceptre fell upon his cradle, after the unhappy battle of Flodden, in which his father perifhed. John duke of Albany afTumed the regency in May 1515 ; and held it, with fome intervals of abfence in France, until July 1524; when Margaret regained the fupreme power. In the following year (he was conftrained to fhare it with Beton the chancellor, and Angus her huf- band : and, in 1526, the latter ufurped the fole autho- rity.! In the beginning of July 1528, James burft from the fetters of Angus, in his feventeenth year, and the firft act of his power was the forfeiture and baniihment of that peer, his brothers, friends, and adherents. After a fhort, but active and juft exercife of fovereignty, he died on the 14th December, 1542, a victim to the embarraffments of the time, and his own high fpirit. His fceptre and misfortunes paffed to the celebrated Mary his daughter, an infant of a week old.;}; many mifcarriages James * Epift. Reg. Scot. M S. in Bibl. Reg. 13 B. II. + Lefley, Buchanan, Lindfay, &c. % Ibid. James V. James V was a prince of no mean abilities ; and from the reign of James I genius and love of the arts were he- reditary in the houfe of Stuart. His fubjects fmiled at his vague amours, while they admired his perfonal courage, his ftrict adminiftration of juftice.* His perfiftance in the religion of his anceftors, which was then that of the majority of the nation, has excited the calumny ofprotef- tant hiftorians ; but time extinguifhes party, and revives candour. The only apparent ftain on his reign is the exe- cution of lady Glamis, the filter of Angus : but that fhe was actually concerned in a plot of the houfe of Douglas againft the king's life, there is every room to believe, from original papers, which will foon be laid before the public. His fternnefs to the nobles was more than compenfated by the protection, affability, and generofity, which he difplayed to the people ; and every cottage exulted in his glorious epithet of king of the pooR.t His perfon was of the middle fize, elegant and majef- tic ; his face was oval, his eyes blue,;}; his hair yellow : add an aquiline nofe, and the moft ftriking features of the Stuarts, from the acceffion of the family to the death of this fovereign, will be delineated. This portrait is from a drawing in lord Orford's pofleffion, taken from a contem- porary painting in the collection of the duke of Devon- fiiire.jl * Lefl. 460. Buchan. xiv. 62. Lindfay 276. + Lefl. ib. t Oculi caefii, ac illi quidem peracres. Ibid. || The refemblance i.ecords with that given by Johnfton in his Infcriptiones, and in Drummond's hiftory, and with the gold coins. Yet by a miracle of inaccuracy, the late prints in Guthrie's hiftory, &c. have not a fhadow of likenefs. tithlijh&l i?f)avmb{ri704. bit T. fferhert Nfvff Orca/ jUtrsd Jirc?t flloo/nsburu . MAHY of GUIsiE . //'< /// aliuiUm/f in llic ftukt oi 'Jici oiishii(.(f>o.ms.si()ii MARY OF GUISE, Queen of James V. A/TAGDALEN of France, the firft wife of James V, having died in July 1537, in the feventh month af- ter the marriage, he, in the fubfequent year, wedded Mary of Guife, or Lorraine. This lady was the daughter of Claude, duke of Guife, a branch of thehoufe of Lorraine; and widow of Louis duke of Longueville. She arrived in Scotland on the 10th of June 1538; and the nuptials were immediately celebrated at St. Andrew's.* During the life of herhuflband me appears to have taken no part in the political intrigues of a bufy and important period. On his death, in Dec. 1542, fhe was immerfed . in the difputes between cardinal Beton and Arran, con- cerning the regency : and after the aflaflination of the for- mer, in 1 546, fhe began to afTumc an active fhare in the government. Inftigated by the counfels of her brothers, the duke of Guife and the cardinal of Lorraine, {he af- pired to the regency,, which fhe at length obtained in April 1554.. But, amid the vehemence of the proteftant and catholic parties, her fituation was expofed to numer- ous difficulties ; and her death on the 10th of June 1560, may be partly imputed to their prefTure. f An eminent hifiorian has delineated her character with his ufual ability. He reprefents her as pofTeffing the moft eminent qualities, difcernment, addrefs, intrepidity, pru- dence ; * Lefley, 447. + Robcrtfon's Hi ft. of Scotland, I. 122, 137, 229. Mary of Guise, Queen of James V. dence ; gentle and humane, without weaknefs ; zealous for her religion, without bigotry; a lover of juftice, without rigour. Her fole foible was a devotion to France and the houfe of Guife, natural and almoft unavoidable ; but •which became ruinous to her meafures, and to her politi- cal reputation.* Yet Ihe fhewed extreme lenity to the re- formers ; and on her death-bed exprefled to their chiefs, with many tears, her concern for any caufesof difTention,t and even condefcended to hear the pious advices of their eachers with reverence.^ Religious party, and bigotry, have now loft much of their force ; they perifh, but vir- tue is eternal : and Scotland may juftly regard Mary of Guife as one of the moft illuftrious queens who ever fhared the throne. Her beauty, and the elegant gentlenefs of her manners, are mentioned in general terms :§ but amid the fllence of hiftorians and writers of memoirs, her features may be beft difcerned from the portrait, which is contained in the fame picture with James V, in the collection of the duke of Devonftiire. * Robertfon, I. 229, 230. + Lefley, 569. X Knox, 228. $ Leflcy, 447. I \ William maitlahb ®w lethingtoi. Secretary of State /ram' the Oriainal at Lauder Ca.ttle . WILLIAM MAITLAND OF LETHINGTON, SECRETARY OF STATE. SIR Richard Maitland, of Lethington, lord privy feal, and a poet of fome note, had three fons, all men of celebrated abilities : I, William. 2. John the chancellor. 3. Thomas, who difputes with Buchanan in the famous dialogue De Jure Regni; and whofe Latin poems are in the De/ia'^e Poetarutn ScoJorum t with thofe of John his brother.* William was appointed fecretary of flate to Queen Mary, in 1558, when he was apparently not above twenty- three, or twenty-four years of age. He fo much diftinguimed himfelf in the reign of that un- fortunate princefs, and in the minority of James VI, that it is unneceflary to repeat what muft be known to every reader of hiftory. After the death of Murray the regent, in 1570, the fecretary, and Kirkaldy of Grange, joined the queen's party, and held the caftle of Edinburgh againfr. fuc- ceiTive regents, till Morton engaged an Englifh force to reduce it. In violation of the capitulation, Eliza- beth ordered them to be given up to the regent's re- fentment : the valiant Kirkaldy, one of the mod eminent characters in that memorable epoch, was hanged; while Maitland efcaped fuch ignominy by taking poifon.f His death happened about the 3d of Auguft, 1573. Of this celebrated ftatefman, Dr. Robertfon gives the following character. " Maitland had early ap- * Douglas's Peerage, art. Lauderdale. ■j- Caldenvood, p. 63, who adds, that his prifon was a vault under the fteeple of Leith church; and his body lay fo long unburied, that the vermin creeped from under the door, plied 1 William Maitland. plied to public bufinefs admirable natural talents, im- proved by an acquaintance with the liberal arts ; and at a time of life, when his countrymen of the fame quality were following the pleafures of the chace, or ferving as adventurers in the armies of France, he was admitted into all the fecrets of the cabinet, and put upon a level with perfons of the moft confummate experience in the management of affairs. He pof- fefl'ed, in an eminent degree, that intrepid fpirit which delights in purfuing bold defigns; and was no lefs matter of that political art and dexterity, which is necefTary for carrying them on with fuccefs. But thefe qualities were deeply tinctured with the neigh- bouring vices. His addrefs fometimes degenerated in- to cunning; his acutenefs bordered upon excefs of fubtlety and refinement; his invention over fertile fug- gefted to him, on iome occafions, chimerical fyftems of policy, little fuitable to the genius of the age; and his enterprizing fpirit engaged him in projects vaft and fplendid, but beyond his utmoft power to exe- cute. All the contemporary writers, to w hatever fac- tion they belong, mention him with an admiration, which nothing could have excited, but the greatefr. fuperiority of penetration and abilities."* This portrait is from an original, by an unknown painter, at Lauder Caftle, a feat of the earl of Lau- derdale. Eyes dark hazel; hair dark auburn; com- plexion healthy. Drapery black, with fur, and bands of heavy gold lace on the moulders. * Hift. Scotl. I, 214. ALEXANDER LESLEY, EARL OF LEVEN. THIS celebrated general was the Ton of captain George Lefley, who commanded the garrifon of Blair, in the reign of James VI.* He firft ferved in lord Vere's regiment, in Holland: then proceeded to Sweden, where he difplayed fuch high military ta- lents, that the heroic Guftaf Adolf railed him to the rank of lieutenant general ; and afterwards to that of field marlhal of the Swedilh army in Weftphalia, and governor general of all the cities on the Baltic. -j- In 1628 he defended Stralfund with fuch fpirit, that the fiege was rajfed, and medals were ftruck in his honour: and in 1630 he drove the Imperialifts from Rugen. Returning to his native country, his abilities excited the covenanters to appoint him their general, in the ftruggle againft Charles I. In Feb. 1639 he was unanimously named to that arduous fituation of firft conducting military operations againft his fovereign : and leading an army to the borders in May, the king was induced to conceffions.+ The rupture being un- happily renewed, general Lefley, in Auguft 1 640, led his army into England; and with his tin artillery co- vered with leather fo furprifed the Englifh troops, that they fled with precipitation, while the Scots got pofleffion of Newcaftle, and the northern counties.§ In 1 641 a treaty being concluded, the king, in order # Douglas, Peer. 405. f Monro's expedition with Mackay's regiment, London, 1637, folio, end of part I. fign. O 2. , X Guthrie's Memoirs, &c. § Burnet, own Time, i. 39. Thefe cannons would bear two or three difcharges. One Scott, a Scotimman who ferved under Guftaf Adolf, was the inventor, as his epitaph in Lambeth church bears. They are men- tioned, it is believed, in the accounts of the wars of Guftaf by PufFendorf and others. to Alexander Lesley. to win the general to his intereft, created him lord Balgony and earl of Leven. But his principles remained the fame; and in 1643 and 1644 he diftinguilhed himfelf in the field againft Charles. Yet difgufted with the fcenes of fanaticilm and tyranny, that followed the death of that monarch, he appeared in arms to fupport Charles II againit the infamous Cromwell; but was furprifed by iMonk in Angus, and fent prifoner to the tower of London, where he remained till he was liberated by the inter- ceflion of Chriftina of Sweden, daughter of Guftaf Adolf. His eftates being fequeftered by the ufurper, Leven went to Sweden ; and was received with that veneration, which his hoary head, covered with lau- rels, claimed in a country, which he had ferved, and adorned. On the reftoration, he returned to his na- tive land ; and died, extremely advanced in years, at Balgony in Fife, in 1662.* This interefting portrait is from an exquifite mi- niature in oil colours, upon copper, painted by Janfen, or Jamefon, probably the latter.-}- Eyes blue ; hair brown ; ruddy complexion ; black drapery. The miniature was moft obligingly fent by the earl of Leven to London, to be copied for this work : an ex- ample of condefcenfion, and love of the arts, which we hope to fee followed by others, to the honour of their anceftors, and their own praife. * Douglas, 406. f There is a wooden print of Leven on horfeback, with his fpe-ch in parliament 164.1, 4to. In the collection of portraits to Clarendon's h'iftory. Vol. VI, 1717, 8vo. there is one engraved by Veituc, after Vandyke, but poorly done, like moll oiT the others in that work. It has however a' general iikenefs, particularly in the lips, c'lofed in a manner that mew;, tftsi teeth were loft. The aidmicr abjue Cjricmtqn F?-vv// (>rt//rtn/'t/a///'. o/L J// >/ Era T ESME STUART, DUICE OF LENNOX. THIS mod worthy, and innocent, of the favorites of James VI, was the fon of John lord Aubigny, captain of the Scotim gens d'armes in France, and governor of Avignon. Being invited to Scotland, he was created earl of Lennox in 1579, the lineal branch having failed. James, profufe of honours, appointed him governor of the caftle of Dunbarton, captain of the guards* firft gentleman of the bed-chamber, great chamberlain of Scotland: and on the 5 th OcT:. 1581, he was created the firft duke of Lennox.* Robertfon has defervedly defcribed his character, as gentle, humane, and candid : and the affection of James for him, and his pofterity, as doing honour to that monarch. i- Efme firft duke of Lennox, being driven from Scot- land by a faction, died in France, on the 23d day of May 1583; the anguifh of his fall having occafioned his death in the prime of life.;}; But his defcendants, by Catherine Balfac, continued the illuftrious line of Lennox and Aubigny. The painting belongs to James Erlkine, Efq. of Alva. Dark blue eyes; hair auburn; complexion fair and ruddy. Drapery black, with gold buttons. * Douglas's Peer. 401. •f Hift. Scotl. II, 70—95. I Ibid. Stewart's Gen. &c. EDWARD BRUCE, FIRST LORD KINLOSS. HIS ftatefman was the fecond fon of Sir Edward JL Bruce, of Blair-hall, and the progenitor of the earls of Elgin, and Aylefbury. He was bred to the law, and difplayed abilities which gained him the confidence of James VI, who fent the earl of Mar, and Bruce, to con- gratulate Elizabeth on the fuppreffion of the infurreclion by EfTex, in 1601. The fubfequent correfpondence, be- tween Bruce and Sir Robert Cecil, operated greatly towards the peaceable accefTion of James to the Englifh throne. On the 2 2d Feb. 1603, James erected the diffolved abbey of Kinlofs, in Moray, into a lordfhip, in favour of this able negociator. Lord Kinlofs, attending his fovereign into England, was further rewarded by the office of Mafter of the Rolls : The patent is dated 8th July, 1604.* And his epitaph mentions that he died on the 14th of January, 16 10, aged lixty-two years. This figure is delineated from his monument in the Rolls Chapel, London ; and is accompanied by the fol- lowing infcription. * This account is derived from Douglas's Peerage, article Elgin. See alfo Pennant's London; and for the intercourfe between Cecil and Bruce, the " Secret Correfpondence," Edin. 1766, 12010. Sacra? Edward Bruce, First Lord Kinloss. Sacrae Memoriae Domini Edvardi Brvcii, Baronis Brvcii Kinloflenfis, Sacrorum Scriniorum Magiftri, dicatum, Qui obijt 14 0 Jan. Sal. 16 10, iEtat. 62 0 . Jacobi Regis 8°. Brucius Edvardus fitus hie, et Scotus, et Anglus ; Scotus ut Ortu, Anglis fic oriundus Avis. Regno in Utroq; decus tulit, auctus honoribus amplis, Regi a Conlilijs Regni utriufq; fuit. Conjuge, Prole, Nuru, Genero, Spe, Req; Beatus; Vivere nos docuit, nunc docet ecce mori. JAMES II. r T" , HIS monarch afcended the Scotifh throne in Fe- bruary, 1437, being only in the fixth year of his age. The hiftorical materials of his reign are remarkably barren.* His minority was chiefly rendered memorable by the contefts between Crichton and Livingfton, and fuc- cefTive earls of Douglas. In 1449 James II efpoufed Mary of Gelder, niece of Philip the Good, duke of Bur- gundy. The execution of William, fixth earl of Douglas, in the caftle of Edinburgh, 1440, had not quieted the rebel- lious fpirit of that great family; and in 1452 James was, in the effervefcence of pafiion, provoked to ftab William, the eighth earl of Douglas, with his own hand, in the caftle of Stirling. James, the fucceeding earl, raifed fome commotions, which were fpeedily appeafed, and the public tranquillity reftored. But in 1454 the grand rebellion of the houfe of Douglas commenced, which Ihook the Scotifh throne, and was fupprefled with much difficulty. In 1455 a forfeiture was led againft the houfe of Douglas ; and the four brothers, James it's chief, the earls of Moray and Ormond, and lord * The continuator of Fordun ends his work at the death of James I. Ile&or Boyce, the notorious fabulift, is the only writer who details the leign of James II ; and his account is tranflated by Lindfay of Pittfcottie, and abridged by Lefley and Buchanan ; though it deferve very littla credit, being generally ineconcileable with the genuine fragments and records. James II. lord Balveny, were doomed to expiate, by death or exile, the vengeance of their offended monarch and country. Yet in the courfe of a few years the branch of Angus fuc- ceeded to the exorbitant power of the ftem. Such Gran- gers were the monarchs to modern theoretic ideas of a defign to fubvert the ariftocracy; while, in fad, all they attempted was to withftand its incroachments, when they became abfolutely incompatible with royalty. On the 3d of Auguft, 1460, James II was accidentally flain by the burfting of a cannon, while he was befieging Roxburgh. James II was a prince of eminent fpirit ; and his mea- fures were decifive even to violence. The obfcurity at- tending his reign renders his private life little known. His perfon, according to a dry but veracious author, was robuft; and a red ftain, which covered one fide of his countenance, gave rife to the vulgar epithet of James with the Fiery Face.* This portrait is copied, in fac-fimile, from that in the Infcriptiones of Jonfton.t * John Major, or Mair, p. 322, 326. Compare alfo the fhort chronicle in profe to the year 1482, at the end of Winton. MS. Reg. 17 D. XX. + In Vol. II. of the Scotifh Poets, printed at Perth, by the Morifons, 1787, i2mo. is an engraving of James II after a painting by Jamefon, at Newbottel-Abbey, the feat of the Marquis of Lothian. The face has great refemblance to this; but Jamefon has bellowed a more brilliant, and rather a more modern drefs. ]LlA1D"V IVIIaIR(KAJKIK' ! I , U ( OT t ©LAS MOTM3SH OF Jffilv&WlKMSSr:iMtlMS.JEY From tfTainjiorf in the Potsession oftUorA of Scot- land half length with a hawk on his fift apparently the fame. This piece was at Whitehall, in both reigns ; and muft hare fallen into privare hands after the fire in 1697. In the fame collection two pictures of " King James with a hawk on his fift" are of James VI at five years of age, as appears from MSS. catalogues. The peregrine falcon. Willoughby p. 71, & tab. 8. PATRICK SCOUGAL, BISHOP OF ABERDEEN, '"AS more memorable as the father of the ▼ T author of " the Life of God in the Soul of Man," than from his own merits. He was fon of Sir John Scougal of Scougal : and, from the parfon- age of Salton in Eaft Lothian, was preferred to the fee of Aberdeen in 1664. He was a pious and worthy man ; and died 16th February 1682, aged 73. Bifhop Burnet, in the preface to his life of bifhop Bedel, gives a high character of the refpectable prelate of Aberdeen.* His contemporary, Scougal the painter, was appa- rently of the fame family. Betwixt Jamefon and Scougal there feems a break in the Scotifh lift of painters. Scotland indeed hardly produced a writer, or artift, during the commonwealth of England 1649 — 1660 j and even its annals of that period are obfcure. The Hiftory of Scotland under the com- monwealth, illuftrated from original papers, would form a curious and interefting work. * Keith, Bilh. 79. WILLIAM FOME S , Fir.rt Bishop ot 'Edinburgh . WILLIAM FORBES, FIRST BISHOP OF EDINBURGH. WHILE the Englifli poffeffed Lothian for a fhort time, in the feventh century, there was a bifliopric of Abercorn. The province, expofed to hoftile inroads, was afterwards ruled by the me- tropolitan fee of St. Andrews, which appointed an Archdeacon of Lothian, till Charles I, in 1633, created the bifhopric of Edinburgh. William Forbes, a native of Aberdeen, and Prin- cipal of the Marifhal college there, was nominated bilhop on the 26th of January 1634; but he only furvived his appointment about two months, dying on the 1 ft of April that year. He was fucceeded by David Lindfay, who was expofed to the fury of the populace on account of the new liturgy j and was depofed in 1638.* Of bifhop Forbes Keith gives the following cha- racter. " A perfon he was endued moft eminently with all chriftian virtues, infomuch that a very worthy man, Robert Burnet lord Crimond, a judge of the feflion, faid of our prelate, that he never faw him but he thought his heart was in heaven ; and that he was never alone with him but he felt within himfelf a commentary on thofe words of the Apoftle, * Keiih, Bi(h. 38, 39. " Did William Forbes. " Did not our hearts burn within us, while he yet talked with us, and opened to us the fcriptures ?" During the time he was principal at Aberdeen, he had interfperfed feveral things among his academical prelections, tending to create peace among the con- tending parties of chriftianity j fome notes whereof were publifhed, above twenty years after his death, under the title of Confiderationes Modejia et Pacifi- es, &c."* The book forms an 8vo volume, replete with theological learning ; and its intentions are the more laudable, becaufe very uncommon. But party, ever in extremes, is a ftranger to reafon, and to all Mo~ deft and Pacific Confiderations. He who takes the mid- dle open ground is only expofed to the fire of both armies. Power admits of no compromife : and, when overcome, receives no compromife : becaufe another power rules. * Keith, Bifli. 38, 39. SIR COIJRAB 1UTHVEF. from lIu Tableau.v dt Boi/er d LJaui/le.r . 4 SIR CONRAD RUTHVEN. OF this gentleman no memorials have yet arifen. The portrait is given from the book mentioned below : and the only information there to be found is that Sir Conrad was a Scotifh gentleman, and was furnamed the Red.* The infcription of the original print bears that he was a Scotifh Knight. He ap- pears to have lived about 1650 ; and was perhaps of the Gowrie family. * Recueil d'Eftampes d'apres les tableaux de M. Boyer d'Aguilles, a Aix. Paris 1744 folio. The articles are arranged by the names of the painters. No. 47 bears that John Bronchorft of Utrecht was born in 1603, and was yet living in 1661 ; that he was at firft a painter on glafs, but became acquainted with Cornelis Polemburg, and commenced painter in oil. Of the portrait we only have " Portrait de Conrad Ruten, Gentil- hommeEcoflbis, furnomme leRoux." The infcription is Conrardus Ruten, ex Scotia, Eque:. And from the context it was painted by Bronkhorft. / I'Unipoloiliarij for Sweden ALEXANDER ERSKINE, PLENIPOTENTIARY FOR SWEDEN AT THE TREATY OF MUNSTER. HIS noted treaty took place in 1 649 ; and there are fine prints of the meeting, and of the different ambaffadors, from one of which the pre- fent portrait is taken. The painter was Van Hulle. In the military annals of Guftaf Adolf, Erikine was an eminent character. He was of the family of Er- ikine of Kirkbuddo in Fife, fprung from the Erikines of Dun: and was ennobled in Sweden. Some of his defcendants were not long fince fettled at Bonne in Germany.* Further materials have not arifen. * This information was obligingly communicated by lord Buchan, MA1Y. thorn a Tainting m Ken-tinptcn redact . rrcm Jonstoni Inscription*.* ■ from a Tainting in Lord Bucharis poj.res.rion * MARY QUEEN OF SCOTLAND. HIS work is rather to be regarded as an account of _X. portraits, than of perfons ; and concerning this prin- cefs, in particular, fo much has been written, that it is only neceflary to ftate the chief dates, in order to illuftrate the portraits.* She was born on the 14th of Dec. 1542; went to France in June 1 548 ; was married to the Dauphin April 14, 1558, in her fixteenth year: queen of France, June 1559; a widow Dec. 1560. She came to Scotland, Auguft 1 56 1 ; wedded Darnley, July 1565 ; a widow Feb. 1567 ; married Bothwell two months after; fled to Eng- land May 1568 ; beheaded 7 Feb. 1 587, aged 44 years and 1 months, after a captivity of nearly nineteen years, the very term of that of James I of Scotland. The fictitious portraits of Mary are infinite. In fome of them me is confounded with Mary of Guife her mother, with Mary queen of France, filler of Henry VIII, and even with Mary of Medici. But any handfome woman is, with the picture dealers, Mary of Scotland. The follow- ing are the moll authentic portraits. The Scotifli filver coin of 1553 gives her buft at 11 years of age; the gold, 1555, at 13. The filver, 1561, mould be at 19. There is, it is believed, at Holyrood- houfe a portrait about 14, pale. Cock of Antwerp in 1559 engraved a fine print, three quarters, in her feventeenth year. Mr. Harding's half length is faithfully copied from this print, which the editor * Li that fplendid work, the Heads of Illuftrious Perfons of England, Dr. Birch has proceeded on a different plan. But no one confults fuch books for biography ; and it had been better if he had authenticated, and illuftrated, the portraits, feveral of which are well known to be erro- neous. This laft caufe, with the unwieldy fize of fuperfluous ornaments, for the portraits themfelves might have appeared in 8vo, may perhaps account for the abrupt termination of a work, which the more ample it had proved, the more honourable it had been to the nation. No patriot would wifh to confine the number of its illuftrious or eminent perfons. has Mary Queen OF Scotland. has feen in the pofleflion of Sir William Mufgrave. The fmall eyes, and oval features, occur in all the genuine por- traits ; but this has not that rife in the middle of the nofe, which appears in the others. Perhaps the engraver was carelefs ■, or this feature was the product of more advanced years.* The portraits by Elftrack, and a good modern profile by Stewart, may be clafied between her twentieth and thirtieth year. The prefent undoubted portrait at Kenfington, feems of a later date.f It has the marks of Charles I on the back, both when prince, and when king, with this infeription, £C Of Jennet. Queen Marye of Scotland, appointed by his Majefty for the cabinet roome, 1631. By Jennet." Charles I certainly knew the picture of his grandmother. In the catalogue this piece is afcribed to the younger Jennet, and is mentioned as a prefent of lord Danby. It is a deli- cate fmall picture j the face is very pale, perhaps by the fading of the painter's carnation. Auburn hair, black eyes. About the fame age may be that in Johnfton's Infcrip- tions which, if the drawing were fomewhat mended, would be a valuable portrait. It is publifhed fifteen years after her death. The tomb, Weftminfter abbey, gives a fine refemblance, between thirty and forty. Vertue's drawing in lord Orford's collection from lord Morton's picture ; and his fine print, jet. 38, follow. From the account of her execution it appears that fhe was then fat and bloated. There is a large print of her about this time, apparently by De Leu, with latin verfes by a G. Cr. Scotus. The face the fame as De Leu's fmall one. * Montfaucon, Mon. de la Mon. Fr. gives a curious fmall whole length of her, leaning on a chair. It is intended to be copied for this work. -j- Portraits of Mary between her twentieth and thirtieth year, 1563 — '573' are °f all others, the mod uncommon. Robert U, from Sorwtoru Jnsrnpfronej. ROBERT II. THIS firft monarch of the houfe of Stuart, afcended the throne on the 26th March, 1371, being in the fiftieth and fifth year of his age. He died on the 19th of April, 1390. His advanced years, and an inflammation in his eyes, prevented his perfonal appearance as an eminent aclor in hiftory ; but his reign was diftinguifhed by the battle of Otterburn, and other illuftrious incidents. He was a juft and beneficent Sovereign. In per- fon he was tall and majeftic, but his countenance was disfigured by the inflammation of his eyes, which, FroifTart fays, were diftorted and red as fandal wood j* a defect which procured him the vulgar epithet of blear eye. This portrait from the Infcriptions of Jonfton, feems not much to be depended on j the eyes are in- deed diftorted, but the beard worn in that age is wanting. The drefs however accords with the cof- tame. David II appears with the robe fringed on the fhoulders, as here : and the form of the bonnet repeatedly occurs in Montfaucon's prints. -j- * Tome 11. f. 177. f Strutt's Reg. and Ecc. Ant. plate liii. Montf. Mon. T. iii. pi. 32, 23, 36. JAMES 1 tike 'Kirs! , Kit/bay in Arabia . THIS portrait is taken from a painting at Kiel- berg, near Tubingen in Germany, the feat of the Von Lytrums. The late learned Sir James Stuart Denham had in- formed Lord Buchan, that he had often feen at M. Von Ly trum's, a portrait full length of a Scotifh king, in a clofe jacket, the peaks of his Jhoes fajlened to his girdle, with chains of gold j that it was in a gallery with portraits of many other princes j that an an- ceitor of M. Von Lytrum, being a great traveller, had vifited moft courts in Europe, and obtained thofe pictures of the reigning fovereigns.* Lord Buchan in confequence applied to M. Go- gnel, Chancellor to the Duke of Wirtemburg, atMont- beliard, for a copy of this piece ; which only came to hand half length, as here, though the remainder Would have prefented an inftance of a fmgular fa- fhion, mentioned by old Englifti writers as beginning in the reign of Richard II, but of which no other fpecimen is known in painting or miniature. The editor was led to fuppofe that this prince was James IV, becaufe the contemporary fovereigns were of his reign, or foon after. But he now inclines to infer James I, from the following reafons. i. M. Gognel named it the latter. 2. The features cor- refpond fo much with the fine portrait of James I * From his lordftiip's informaiion. ill in Johnfton's Infcriptions, that the beard, and more advanced years, feem to form the only difference. 3. The crown over the arms is too fimple for the time of James IV ; that of James III having fleurons of quite a different height and richnefs. 4. The hat re- fembles that of Charles VII of France, contemporary with James I, in Mezeray. 5. The jacket is not flafhed. There is in Montfaucon* a portrait of Charles duke of Burgundy, flain in 1477, in this very drefs, with the chain of the golden fleece; but the jacket is flafhed in ftrait lines : and this fafhion of flaming appears in the genuine portrait of James IV. 6. The fhoes, with chains, are fo rare, that it is probable they were only known in the latter part of the reign of Richard II, and in that of Henry IV, who died in 141 3, when James I was twenty years of age, and had been a captive for eight years. Long peaks are common, and appear in the ftatutes of Ed- ward IV ; but no mention of chains occurs after the above period. It is improbable that Von Lytrum fhould from fuch a diftance vifit Scotland : but moft likely that the portrait of James I was executed in England, during his captivity, and procured there by Von Lytrum, who not being able to get that of the reigning monarch, contented himfelf with another. » Mon. T. iii. pi. 64. JOBUN EAK.TL of MAK , Repent of Scod.an.i3 . from ti painting in the par.r&rsitm of Jantes ISnfkini !■■'•/ ofJUva JOHN ERSKINE EARL OF MAR, REGENT OF SCOTLAND. THIS truly illuftrious character was third fon of John twelfth lord Erfkine j and was edu- cated to the church : but the two elder brothers dying before their father, he became thirteenth lord Erfkine in 1552. Ten years after, he regained the title and eftates of Mar, which had been unjuftly wrefted from the family by James II.* On the birth of James VI, in 1566, the royal babe was committed to the cuftody of the earl of Mar, then governor of the caftle of Stirling. His candour and moderation became moft confpicuous in the public diffractions that followed -> and he was almoft the only man who wifhed to preferve the inde- pendence of his country, alike unviolated either by French or Englifh influence. On the death of Len- nox, the earl of Mar was chofen Regent, Sept. 6, j 571, in fpite of the artifices of Elizabeth ; but he did not hold that high office much above a year, dying on the 29th of Oct. 1572, not without fufpicions of poifon, a crime of which Elizabeth and Morton were not incapable. His age is not com- memorated, but there is room to infer he was born about 1520. * Douglas Peer. art. Mar. His Regent Mar. His courage was confpicuous in his fally from Stir- ling caftle at the head of thirty men, to repell the four hundred fent by Kirkaldy, to furprize the peers, and by his fuccefs in that unequal conflict. His at- tempts to conciliate all parties, and to maintain the independence of his country, againft foreign influence, evince the real patriot. a, . SIR ALEXANDER ERSKINE OF GOGAR, BROTHER of the celebrated Regent John earl of Mar, and anceftor of the earl of Kelly, was a diftinguifhed character in the minority of James VI.* After the death of the Regent, the care of the education of that prince fell to Sir Alexander ; under whom Buchanan, and Peter Young, acted as chief preceptors. In 1578 he favoured the party which op- pofed the infamous Morton the Regent, who in re- venge perfuaded the young earl of Mar that his uncle intended to deprive him of the cuftody of the king, and the government of Stirling caftle. The confe- quence was that Mar feized the command. of that fortrefs, and expelled Sir Alexander. -|- He was neverthelefs in the fame year appointed governor of the caftle of Edinburgh; and in 1580 vice-chamberlain of Scotland. He died before 1595, in which year his fon Sir Thomas Erfkine of Gogar appears, he who killed Alexander Ruthven in the Gowrie confpiracy, and was afterwards vifcount Fen- ton and earl of Kelly.J The painting is in the poffeflion of James Erlkine Efq. of Alva. * Doug. Peer. art. Mar, and Kelly, f Robertfon II. 56, 58, 62. I Dougl. art. Kelly. ' ; ;'.v/ l\blish~J 14 February by l.H&bir1 XCiy tlruit Rusjtl Jtmt OUomskuru . I R.-hsr:., JOHI EM STONE EARL of MAR. L.H.Treasttrer ih>in an original Paintina in l/u ■■ pofscfsion ot' Janus Erskine RtqVofAb^w. JOHN ERSKINE, EARL OF MAR, HIGH TREASURER OF SCOTLAND, WAS the only fon of the Regent who died in 1572. In ,1595 the king James VI en- trufted to him the cuftody of his fon : and it is high- ly to the honour of this illnftrious family, that the care of their minor fovereigns had been in a manner hereditary ; James V having been entrufted to lord Erfkine by his mother Margaret, and the parliament. It was folely a fpecial character of probity that pro- duced thofe fucceflive teftimonies of high approba* tion. This earl was joined with Bruce of Kinlofs, in con* certing with Cecil the means of fecuring to James VI the acceflion to the Englifh throne : and he difplayed much prudence in that grand tranfaclion. In 1603 he was made a knight of the garter. On the death of prince Henry, whole education he fuperintended, he returned to Scotland. In 16 15 he was appointed lord High Treafurer of that kingdom ; an office which he refigned three years before his death, which happened in 1634.* By his firft wife, daughter of lord Drummond, he left only one fon, John the frock of the family of Mar. But his fecond wife, lady Mary Stuart daugh- * Dougl. Peer, and Crawf. Off, ter Treasurer Mar. ter of Efme duke of Lennox, bore him feven fons, and four daughters. The fecond of thefe fons is the anceftor of the Erfldnes, earls of Buchan j one of the others of the Erikines of Alva j befides other il- luftrious defendants.* Nor has the family degene- rated in hereditary probity, and ability. The picture, by Paul Vanforner, is in the poffef- iion of James Erfkine Efq. of Alva. Eyes dark blue ; hair filver-grey : complexion healthy. Dra- pery black j blue ribbon, and george fufpended. * Douglas Peer. 464. from their Mother.! limb. Westminster Abbey . HENRY STUART LORD DARNLEY, AND CHARLES STUART EARL OF LENNOX, SONS of Matthew earl of Lennox, by lady Mar- garet Douglas, are here reprefented from their fi- gures in marble, kneeling by their mother's tomb, in Weftminfter abbey. Over the head of Darnley a gilt crown is fufpended, to indicate that he was king of Scotland. The fate of thisdiflipated, weak, and im- prudent youth is too well known, to need any recapitulation here. He was murdered 9 Feb. 1567, in the twenty firfl: year of his age. His brother Charles became earl of Lennox in 1571, on the death of his father. He died in 1 576, leaving ifTue Arabella Stuart. The earldom revolved to his uncle, the bifliop of Caithnefs j who, four years after, refigned it in favour of Efme, created duke of Len- nox, his nephew in the noble line of Aubigny.* * Dougl. art. Lennox. Stewart's Gen. &c. hli.rhnl wI>ay%- 9 6 «i vfMrrbei t.T..Jjrou jmH!t 3c. CSai irlt SBAJL S. TuliiSbf) >7!>« Ox iSertat r.Jlanrtt *T.1nr>ii.-mM . JMfJTei 'itgttylBmimt, EAnvmimUUtHumn \ SEALS. THE THREE LAST PLATES. THE firft is of Robert I, or Great, 1306— 1329. This is from a charter dated in his ninth year. Mr. Aftle, in his late publication of Scotifh feals, gives another, ufed by Robert I towards the clofe of his reign. In the fame plate is that of David II fon of Robert I, who reigned from A. D. 1329 to 137 1. The fecond plate of this fet contains that of Edward Baliol, who twice ufurped the throne, during the reign of David II, firft for three months Sept — Dec. 1332, and laftly for five years 1333 — 1338 : and that of Robert II, the firft of the houfe of Stuart, 1371 — 1390. On the third plate the firft in order of time is that of Euphemia Rofs fecond wife, but fole queen, of Robert II. The reverfe only bears the arms of David, Earl Palatine of Strathern, her fon, who joins in the deed, dated 1375 ; in which they agree with Alexander Murray of Drumfergath, that he mail wed lady Jonet of Monymufk, fifter of the queen, and be fupported in his claim of inheriting fome eftate ; and that Walter Murray, his brother, may if he chufe marry the eldeft daughter of the faid Jonet. This cu- rious feal reprefents Euphemia, clothed in the clofe kirtle and mantle of the times, with a particular fcepter alloted to the queens of Scotland in her hand. The Gothic architecture is well delineated j on her right hand are the arms of Scot- land j on her left thofe of Rofs. She appears to have died about 1387. The next feal in order of time is that of Robert III, 1390 — 1406. The beard agrees better with the defcription of Seals. of his perfon, given by the continuator of Fordun, than the portrait in Johnfon's Infcriptiones. That at the top of the plate is of Robert duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland, 1406 — 1419. The ducal coronet is of a fingular form. All thefe plates are from that rare and high-priced work, Anderfon's Diplomata. The fubjeft of the engravers of feals in the middle ages is obfcure. They were probably often Greeks from Con- ftantinople, fometimes Italians, and laterly Flemings. The feals of the four firft Jameses are all from the fame dye — and are befides unimportant, as from James I. the portraits of our monarchs are fufficiently identified. In this cafe, as in the former of Alex. I, David I, and Malcom IV, the firft feal alone is entitled to any attention.