THE 
 
 COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION 
 
 ALBUM 
 
 Containing Views of the Grounds, Main and State Buildings, Statuary, Architectural 
 Details, Interiors, Midway Plaisance Scenes, and other Interesting Objects 
 
 WHICH HAD PLACE AT THE 
 
 World’s Columbian Exposition 
 
 Chicago, 1893 
 
 RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, Publishers 
 Chicago and New York 
 
Copyright , 1893, by Rand , McNally < 5 n> G?. 
 
 JM£ GETTY CENIH? 
 
 USMflf 
 
PREFACE 
 
 'T'HIS volume is published with two objects in view: First, to provide a fitting memento of the World’s Fair for 
 1 those who made themselves familiar with its wonders and desire to keep its memories green; secondly, to 
 supply the sixty odd million people in the United States, who have not seen the Fair, with a series of pictures 
 that will convey, to the fullest extent made possible by art, a true and vivid idea of the sublimity of the great 
 Exposition, and, as far as can be, minimize the loss they sustained through absence. 
 
 To accomplish this two-fold design the illustrations were so selected that they collectively cover the entire ground 
 embraced by the Exposition, and to each a full explanatory and critical note is appended. Comprehensive views, 
 showing the grouping of the buildings and statuary, give a general idea of the plan of the grounds and the magnitude 
 of the White City. Each building is also separately treated in a manner that renders obvious the character and scope 
 of its design, while the most richly decorated parts are made subjects of special illustrations, in which the 
 architectural details are brought out in strong relief. Other pictures depict the statuary that beautifies the grounds, 
 the interiors of the principal buildings, with the exhibits they contain, scenes in the Midway Plaisance, and many 
 other subjects of interest. 
 
 Neither expense nor pains has been spared to make the Album in every sense the best book of its kind ever 
 offered to the public. Many thousands of views were taken from which to select the fittest. The photography, 
 engraving, and printing are each the work of a master of his art. It is intended that this book shall be not only a 
 pleasing souvenir of to-day, but be valued in years to come as a memento altogether worthy of the great subject 
 of which it treats. 
 
ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, eastern exposure. Situated at the west end of the Great Court. Designed by Richard M. Hunt. It is, in its main body an 
 ADMIN ISO. RA i tuiN d ’ „ f f t re at each corner. It rises to a height of 275 feet, and its gilded dome is a striking landmark from all parts of 
 
 feToiltl adored witl twenty-eight groups of statuary and many single figures and bas-reliefs. The beauty of this building has been recognized as fully 
 ibrofd aSn tJs country, and its distinguished architect has been the recipient of many honors from foreign art associations. Cost, $450,000. 
 
ArchUe'cTofthf^ury “f 0 ^" fro "' Wooded Island. Designed byW.J. Edbrooke, Supervising 
 
 The architecture of the buildfng is in stri W to thlse surround^ t andTa a 3 ?* 420 ^ “* ^ [ eactesa ^t of c 75 feet. Its cost was ^S.cxi 
 
 purpose evidently being the main object kept in view. It is built solidly of brick, iron, and glass, ^ ^ ^ ***’ adaptabiUty t0 itS 
 
 10 
 
A STREET IN THE WHITE CITY. In the above illustration a view is presented looking north between the Electricity and Mines and Mining buildings toward 
 the Wooded Island. Beyond the foliage of the Island, toward the left, the Horticultural and Woman’s buildings can be seen, whilst still farther on, near the horizon, 
 the Illinois Building and the Art Palace are dimly visible. In the foreground an opportunity is given to examine in detail some of the wealth of bas-relief with which 
 the buildings are decorated, and which, from the very multitude of beauties presented, is apt to be overlooked. 
 
 11 
 
Mah^L^ OL r 7 MBIA ^ F ° UNTA ™' An all egorical creation, designed by Frederick MacMonnies, fronts the Administration Building on the western verge of th, 
 Columbus ' Father Time^t^rs'the^ship^nMte^urid 1 “ 7 °*“ Ex P osition S ro ™ ds - « closely resembles a symbolical design said to have been sketched b. 
 
 12 
 
PERISTYLE AND STATUE OF THE REPUBLIC. The Peristyle was designed by Mr. C. B. Atwood. The center portion, resembling the famous Arc 
 de Triomphe, of Paris, is surmounted by the Quadriga representing “The Triumph of Columbus,” who stands in his chariot drawn by four horses led by two 
 
 The Statue of the Republic is one of the most notable of the works of art that beautify the Fair grounds. Standing ninety feet high, with arms raised aloft many 
 feet above, placed on a pedestal thirty-five feet above the surface of the Grand Basin, the proportions are so true that its magnitude is not apparent Clad in golden 
 robes, the Republic, dignified and serenely simple, faces the Administration Building, and offers liberty to all the oppressed peoples of the earth. Mr. Darnel C. French is 
 the designer. 
 
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ELECTRICITY BUILDING (interior view of central aisle). The Moresque pavilion, surmounted by a column seen near the middle of the picture, occupies the 
 center of the building where the main aisles cross. At night the column, illuminated by thousands of miniature incandescent bulbs of every imaginable color, 
 changing in tint and pattern with kaleidoscopic rapidity, form one of the most striking exhibits in this wonderland. Exhibits were sent to this building from every 
 civilized nation of the world, and showed to a striking degree how universally electricity has, within the last decade, been subdued to the use of man. 
 
 15 
 
WOMAN S BUILDING. The above illustrate shows the eastern exposure of the Woman's Building, facing the Lagoon. The building was designed by Miss Sophia. 
 G Hayden, of Boston The pediment and statues on the roof line were designed by Miss Alice Rideout, of California, and the carytides were modeled by Miss Yandell 
 of Kentucky. All of the decorations were planned and executed by women. The size of the building is 400 x 200 feet. The style of architecture is Italian Renaissance., 
 in artistic conception, delicacy of line and grace of detail, it is a fitting illustration of the high position held by women in the world of art. 
 
 10 
 

 ILLINOIS BUILDING, as seen from the Wooded tth^eSs^^and^s'feet 6 of Mr. W. W. Boyington From the 
 
 : a Greek cross, one axis of which is 450 feet long by 1 o e , drum surmounte< i by a lantern 234 feet above the ground. The people of Illinois 
 
 a h ° me f ° r the Exposition - in this theyfuUysucceedea ' as isweiish ° wnbytheabOTc 
 
 lustration. Cost, $ 250 , 000 . 
 
 17 
 
size is S 5 ox 500 feet. Designed by Peabody & Stefrn^Thearchftecture i^Ldilrly suitabletofcT **£ Tb ° f • building frontin g °n the South Canal. It, 
 
 such as was prevalent in Spain during the lifetime of the great discoverer thLrohitelts h ■ ^ -a f° h “ ublaa celebra ti°n, the general character of the design beinj 
 
 chime of bells is hung in one of the towers, and toll out simple airs that vibrate over the 1 ^ mg ai , ^ llle a f d other S P amsl1 towns under tribute for ideas. A nobl< 
 with annex and power-house, $1,200,000. P V ^ OVer the lag °° ns and thro ^ h ^^ny colonnades hourly throughout the day. Cost, 
 
 18 
 
THE HOO-DEN, OR PHCENIX PALACE, situated on the Wooded Island, is “ 
 squires the vivid imagination of a Japanese to see the likeness of the fab ous ir^^^ from ^ laQ | of P the Mikado> and everything used in the construction 
 
 ^ZmSI S J^ 2 o^ :X xt LV“d S regard to cost, "xhe building has been presented to the city of Chicago by the Government of Japan, 
 >gether with its contents of native works of art and curios. 
 
 19 
 
HORTICULTURAL BUILDING, eastern exposure, facing the Lagoon and Wooded Island. The architects, Messrs WLB Tenney and W B Munii 1 * • 
 
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 contained in this building, the most 
 

 -®Sp 
 
 This noble creation of Messrs. McKim, Meade /white is'Tecond!^ statuary Ind^h “ L,beral Arts Buildin 8 
 
 compass with which they are frolicking. The size of the building is 800 x 500 feetfand itcost $618,000. ’ d f play Wlth and show the P oints of th. 
 
 22 
 
KENTUCKY BUILDING. This building —of Southern colonial architecture, the creation of Messrs. Maury & Dodd, of Louisville — is charmingly simple and 
 homelike, its cool, creamy color, brightened by the white of the columns and cornices, being suggestive of repose and comfort during the hot days of the summer. 
 Besides containing three large rooms for the exhibition of local industry and art, the house contains dining-rooms, smoking-rooms, libraries, retiring-rooms, and all 
 the comforts of a high-class Southern home. Its size is 75 x 95 feet. 
 
 23 
 
THE GREAT BASIN, looking west from the Peristyle, showing the Statue of the Republic in the foreground and the Administration Building in the distance. 
 On the right is the southern fapade of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, and on the left the northern fapade of the Agricultural Building. From this point 
 is obtained, perhaps, the most comprehensive and impressive view of any in the grounds; especially at night, when the buildings and grounds are ablaze with electric 
 light, the scene is indescribably grand. 
 
 24 
 
VIEW FROM THE NORTH END OF THE LAGOON. The Lagoon furnishes a vantage point from which an endless variety of charming views can be obtained. 
 The one presented here is typical of the northern part of the grounds. To the right is Mr. Cobb’s delightfully irregular Fisheries Building, culminating in the central 
 cupola behind the Marine Cafe, which, with its turreted roof, forms a charmingly picturesque contrast to its surroundings. In the distance, near the center of the 
 picture, the steeple and flagstaff of the Swedish Building pierces the sky, while nearer to hand, a little to the left, the ornate construction of Brazil tells of the educated 
 .and artistic tastes of the people of the far-away southern republic. 
 
 25 
 
ELECTRICITY BUILDING The above view of the Electricity Building shows the south front and main entrance, facing upon the Administration Plaza. In the 
 foreground are the Electric and MacMonmes fountains, situated at the head of the Basin, and at the right the waters of the North Canal stretch away in the distance 
 The building was designed by Van Brunt & Howe. Its dimensions are 350 x 700 feet, and its cost was $410,000. Its architectural treatment, with the sky-line broken by 
 numerous towers and domes, is suggestive of restlessness of movement, corresponding to the quality of the mysterious force whose eccentricities are so vividly displayed 
 within. Conspicuously placed at the mam entrance is a heroic statue of Benjamin Franklin, executed by the Danish sculptor, Carl Rohl-Smith. This is the first time in 
 the history of international expositions that a great structure has been erected solely for electrical exhibits. 
 
 2G 
 
"117 
 
 
 FCTRICITY BUILDING NORTHEAST CORNER. The above illustration shows the Electricity Building as viewed from a point on the west side of 
 Uustration. The size of the building is 350 x 700 feet, and the style of architecture modified Corinthian. Its cost was $410,000. 
 
 27 
 
JiLELXKUJiTK ±5ulljJJIJNG INTERIOR, LOOKING SOUTH. The illustration here nresentod 
 displayed in the Electricity Building. The left foreground of this view shows a section occupied by France whjhjofnto ^ ^ ” U . ltl] - llClty of electrical device! 
 
 Foremost of all among the marvelous contrivances is shown the wonderful flashlight of 200 000 candle-power similar to ib ™ akeS ° n , e ° £ the la >-gest of foreign exhibits 
 building. Another view of the interior of this building, looking down the central aisle hasSta Zen l wh X Xf “T v ^ ^ ° f th£ 
 
 Pavilion and Column, here seen in the distance. ^ ’ in w ^ llc ^ 1 1S shown to better effect the Moresque 
 
 28 
 
r 
 
 THE COLUMBIAN FOUNTAIN, designed by Frederick MacMonnies, has already been fully described. The above view, looking toward the northeast, at or s 
 a different aspect, and shows more in detail a few of the representations of legendary marine creatures that adorn the basin around the fountain and a so gives 
 a general idea of some of the surroundings. The stupendous Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building occupies the background ; one of Proctor s Me-like stags, a 
 rostral column of Gelert's, and a bear by Kemeys fill in the space at the left of the picture. It will be noticed that from whatever quarter this beautiful creation is 
 looked at, its proportions are equally admirable. 
 
 29 
 
SOL IHbASr ACROSS THE LAGOON. Two of the most noteworthy structures of the Exposition occupy the central -narf of m . . 
 
 is the stupendous Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, the largest of the kind ever constructed covering an area of t ft’s, s h f above lUustratlon - r ° the 
 build,ng is large enough to seat 300,000 people. Its roof reaches a point only eleven feet lower than Bunkfr Hill Monument It B t’ ““L C ° Stmg f 1 ' 700 ’ 000 ’ The 
 times as long and more than two and a half times as wide as the Capitol at Washington. Geo B Post of New York is the a Vt f 1 °“; 1 13 n ® 7 tW ° and a half 
 
 of the Manufactures Building stands the U. S. Government Building, its towering dome being the mosfco^spiclous’Ililct ^ t t ^’ Z at n ° rthern end ' 
 
 more fully described elsewhere. The front of this architectural panorama is occupied by the Lagoon and the Woodld Island 1 Ih r”' 6 buddmg haS been 
 
 standing amid the foliage. g ana the Wooded Island, with the Japanese Pavilion I-Ioo-den 
 
 30 
 
IOWA BUILDING. Standing within a stone’s throw of Lake Michigan, the Iowa i^uSs a building *at haTlong stood^po/the site, and which was 
 
 inland sea. The structure is homelike and picturesquely irregular in design lorn measure 60x140 feet, are two stories high, and maintain the 
 
 industries and products of the State. Cost, $ 35 , 000 . 
 
 31 
 
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 IE CE-NTKAL portion and main entrance of THE HORTICULTURAI BUIT I)I\T 1 • 
 
 JS a work well worthy of special illustration. The noble, satisfying curves of its major and minor domes a ■ ’ eS 'f ned by Messrs - w - L. B. Jenney and W. B. Mundie 
 
 o the closest study. At each side of the entrance is a group of statuary, the work of Lorado Taft which T +h ^ ^ details o£ the graceful friezes worth- 
 
 idea of autumn, and called by him ■ • The Sleep of the Flowers." The quiet, almost melancMv smTh of a t n® r ° rder ° f art That t0 the left is the “fist' 
 
 spring, and is named by Mr. Taft " The Battle of Flowers." The vigor and push of awakenkt 3 et t T" 1S , beaUtlfull y su ggested. That to the right speaks o 
 group of the dying year. The central dome is 180 feet in diameter Ind^HfeeHn height"^vegetation is strongly suggested, and is in vivid contrast to the opposit, 
 
 32 
 
THE STATUE OF THE BULL, facing the Main Basin north of the Agricultural Building, is the work of Mr. E. C. Potter the figure the work of Mr. D C. 
 French. Each has done his part to perfection, and worked in a harmony of spirit that has resulted in one of the most telling and artistically perfect statues^ on the 
 grounds. The massive, sturdy solidity of the animal is in marvelous contrast to the flexibly graceful figure of the woman The charm of the originalmss g Y 
 recalled by the illustration. French's Statue of the Republic and the Peristyle, surmounted by the Quadnga-the joint work of the two above-mentioned artists appear 
 in the distance, and are fully described on another page. 
 
 33 
 
THE INDIANA BUILDING possesses a coigne of vantage by being placed in the angle where two roads meet. The building thus has three facades which face 
 expenditure of $37,000. The first story is of Indiana graystone, the second and third of staff-covered wood. g P f 5 53 * ’ d Ca ° r an 
 
 34 
 

 „„„„„ TTR OM THF MINES AND MINING BUILDING. The point of observation from which the above picture was taken is one of half a dozen withm the 
 
 SsSSraSsiS. r" ,h “ 
 
 m 
 
 
 35 
 
bu firmS *? the 6XClUSiVe exhibit «' f ^ pertaining to their 
 
 the scenery along their line of road. A corps of officials were in attendance to sdve info 5 f ° m ? S< f“ S ° £ vlews whlch formed almost a complete panorama of 
 
 The surrounding lawns were beautifully kept and made brilliant with flowers -md the c w T w P ° n ^ ° f A® 11 ™ umerable subjects connected with this vast system, 
 sight-seers. onmant with flowers, and the comfortable seats and oool interior made a refreshing resting-place for tired 
 
 30 
 
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THE JOHN BULL TRAIN. “ John Bull ” is the pioneer American locomotive, and in its day was considered a marvel of mechanical ingenuity. It was built in 
 England, by George Stephenson, and first ran on the Camden & Amboy Railroad in the year 1831. In no way has the Columbian Exposition been more impressive than 
 in illustrating the immense advance made in the arts and sciences during this century. The past and present are placed side by side, and teach their lesson with 
 incisive force. Near by is a magnificent modern engine and the cars used on the “ Chicago Limited.” The comparison of the two trains leads to expressions of 
 satisfaction that we live to-day when in twenty hours one can be rushed from New York to the White City with all the comforts of a first-class modern hotel. The 
 engine is now the property of the National Museum of Science, Washington. 
 
 37 
 
! 
 
 THE BUREAU OF PUBLIC COMFORT BUILDING stands in the foreground to the left. Here the weary sight-seer could find rest and the inquirer 
 information upon almost any conceivable subject and in almost any language desired. On the extreme right is a portion of the western wing of the Illinois Building 
 and the western entrance to it. Just beyond, toward the east,' is tlfgcharming home of the State of Indiana. The Illinois Building is described on another page. Of 
 the Indiana Building it may be said that its Gothic towers and chariiiing proportions are a special delight, even in this place of architectural masterpieces. To the left, 
 seen over the roof of the Public Comfort Building, are the minarets' find cupolas of the California Building, which irresistibly carry one mentally to the romantic old 
 missions of California, of one of which the building is a reproduction. Parts of other State buildings are visible in the distance. 
 
 38 
 
MAIN BASIN, LOOKING NORTH. The cupola of the Illinois Building—the most striking architectural landmark in the grounds, next to the dome of the 
 Administration Building—stands out boldly in the distance. The eye is gradually led up to it through a noble vista hedged on the left by the east front of the Electricity 
 Building and on the right by the apparently endless western fapade of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. Gay flags give a touch of color and a festive 
 appearance to the scene, and with the blue of the sky and waters prevent the immense white building from looking cheerless ; whilst gondolas and electric launches, 
 darting hither and thither, give life to a scene that the passing of years will not efface from memory. 
 
 39 
 
UTAH BUILDING. The Utah Building is situated at the extreme north end of the Fair grounds,, and, as the illustration.shows, is a comfortable, home-like 
 structure of the renaissance style of architecture. Dallas & Hedges, of Salt Lake City, are the architects.' The building is' ninety feet long by fifty feet wide, and its 
 cost was $18,500. The entrance is reached by a spacious approach and broad steps leading to a semi-circular portico, which'forms the principal feature of the south front. 
 Beyond, to the right of the picture, can be seen the western fapade and dome of the Montana Building, and In the foreground is a beautiful statue of Brigham Young. 
 
 40 
 
MINES AND MINING BUILDING. The southern exposure of the Mines and Mining Building occupies the northwestern corner of the Court of Honor, and faces 
 the Administration Building. It is modified Italian renaissance in style, sufficient liberty having been taken to invest the building with the animation appropriate to a 
 great general Exposition. The arched entrance is richly embellished with sculptural decorations emblematic of mining and its allied industries. In size the building is 
 700x350 feet; its cost, $265,000. Mr. S. S. Beman, of Chicago, was the designer. 
 
 41 
 
OHIO BUILDING. A simple yet dignified structure, of the Italian renaissance style of architecture, is the Ohio State Building. Its dimensions are 100x80 feet, 
 exclusive of porticos and terraces, and it cost $30,000. James W. H. McLaughlin is the architect whose excellent taste provided so dignified a home for the people of 
 Ohio who came to the Fair. Rising above the roof of this building can be seen the pinnacle of the Michigan Building, its nearest neighbor on the west. On the lawn, 
 .to the right, is the large “ Gracchi ” monument, which finds no mean place in the long list of statues which adorn the grounds of the Exposition. 
 
 43 
 
in the South Inlot, with the east wall of the Agriontutral Ibbldh^for ^ ba^bgroond° They w^builfhf slT^t'th 0 1116 hist ° r ' cal fleet of Columbus, ate moorei 
 
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 45 
 
THE FORESTRY BUILDING, situated on the lake front near the 
 
 entirely of rough logs pegged together with wooden pins, not a single nail or piece of metal beino- used in its ’cnrt ^ & g ? dlSP ' ay ° f f ° reSt P roducts ' bein S bullt 
 colonnade, the pillars consisting of three tree-trunks bound together and clothed in their natural bark Various < 7 !+™Trn ,, “ surrounded on a11 sides b y a roofed 
 material to construct this interesting building. The roof is thatched with many varieties of barks This , U ?T and foreign nations contributed the 
 
 528x208 feet, and cost about $100,000. ^ structure was designed by Mr. C. B. Atwood, is in size 
 
 
THE LAGOON ON A REGATTA DAY presented an animated appearance. The water bicycle competed with the South Sea catamaran, the gondola of Venice 
 ... nllt of the Southern Pacific the modern American shell with the West Indian surf-boat; all nations, and colors, and creeds meeting m friendly rivalry. 
 
 Nowhere scene before been presented to the human eye set in such a framework of beauty. The glistening white of the endless fa 9 ade 
 
 of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, the softer tints of the Government Building, the bright-red roof of the Fisheries Building beyond, the intense green 
 of the Wooded Island, the multi-colored flags and pennants, the sky, the water, the boats, the cheering and excited people, combined to form a picture that will linger 
 
 long in memory. 
 
 47 
 
THE LOCOMOTIVE 
 
 ‘DeWITT CLINTON” and the coaches drawn bv it in the vear tS-jt an* , 
 
 New York Central Railroad Company, showing the evolution in railway transportation from that date to the present time^O 60811168 T CarS by / 
 
 neighbors, it seems almost impossible that only sixty-two years have passed since such primitivemethodsoV ZZTVZ 
 hour was considered a terrific speed, and the accommodations afforded by the coaches were considered the height of comfort 
 cars and engines of to-day, standing close by, we can see how much better off we are than were our fathers, and give thanks. 
 
 Then fifteen miles an 
 On turning round and viewing the 
 
 
 48 
 
CONVENT OF LA RABIDA. Situated on tne peninsula south of tne Great Pier, with the waters of Lake Michigan and the South Pond on either hand, and 
 the building of the Krupp Gun Exhibit on the south, is the Convent of Santa Maria de la Rabida, of which the above is a good representation. Its quaint walls and 
 ancient appearance contrast strangely with the modern architecture seen everywhere about. This building is more closely .connected with Columbus and his great work 
 than any other, as it contains priceless relics of the great discoverer. The credit for the reproduction of this building is due largely to Hon. William b. Curtis, ot the 
 Bureau of American Republics, who traversed all Europe in search of traces and relics of the Genoese admiral. Cost, $50,000. 
 
 49 
 
TRANSPORTATION BUILDING is the only one on the grounds that depends mainly upon its coloring to produce effect. That its decorators, Messrs. 
 Millet & Healy, succeeded m producing a striking result, can not be denied, but whether it was ill too vivid contrast with its surroundings and was more or less a 
 discordant note in the symphony of white, has been a matter of much discussion amongst artists; but however that may be, there can be no doubt but that considered 
 by itself it was magnificently daring m conception and ably carried out. The golden doorway was one of the most impressive features of the Exposition both as to its 
 .architecture and coloring. In size, the main building is 960 x 256 feet, with an annex 900 x 425 feet. It cost $370,000, and Messrs Adler & 
 
 50 
 
LOOKING EAST ACROSS THE LAGOON. A diversification of architectural style is seen from the point from which this picture was taken. To the rig t, 
 looking ovevL Japanese temple Hoo-den, on the Wooded Island, the stupendous bulk of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building, 
 
 and white fa ? ade, at once forces attention. Towards the center the more softly-tinted Government Building, massively impressive and dig:nified fidtingly 
 solidity of the power that caused its existence; and to the left the vivacious Fisheries Building and the many-turreted Marine Cafe complete a scene which, 
 foreground of blue waters, is charming in its variety. 
 
 51 
 
FISHERIES BUILDING, as seen from the Wooded Island, looking- northeast across the Lao-onn ThiQ -hm’teterr „ . . . . 
 
 main buildings on the grounds, and forms a striking and pleasing contrast thereto. The architect Mr Henrv itefr^n^ 6SSent ! ally 111 Spint from an ^ of the othe 
 remarkable for its grace and beauty of detail than for its fitness ZhTpu^ose f “°f f n ° leS 
 
 of fish and other marine animals, which give a key to the nature of the exhibits within The circular outlying m*„!T f formed ° f re P resentatl ° n 
 
 connected with the main body by arcades, which form delightfully cool and shady resting-places The style oT^rcVt^ 63 ™ ° ne c ° ntain “g th e aquariums, ar 
 length is 1,100 feet and the greatest width 200 feet. Its cost was $200,000. 7 ar chitectuie is Spanish renaissance. The extrem 
 
 52 
 
SWEDISH GOVERNMENT BUILDING. A picturesque, triangular edifice, located just north of the Fisheries Building, is the contribution of the Government of 
 Sweden It was modeled by Mr. Gustaf Wickman, of Stockholm, after a style prevalent in the sixteenth century, and was made in Sweden, where it was temporarily 
 put together, and afterward sent to this country in pieces. The lower part of the front wall is composed cf brick, terra cotta, and cement of Swedish importation, and 
 the rest of the structure is of wood, covered with shingles. The huge crown on the top of the steeple, as well as the frame-work around the bell, are gilded, and touches 
 of color here and there lend a pleasing effect to the eye. 
 
 53 
 
In striking contrast to other buildings in the northern part of the grounds is the modern structure w ■ , 
 
 near the west bank of the North Pond. It has a frontage of ninety feet, exclusive of the porches, and a depth of fifty feet. The walls of the lower story are of rake 
 Superior brownstone and Menominee red pressed brick, and above that the exterior finish is chiefly in native dimension shinrieT M?Jr l t ®° ® 
 
 polished granite columns support the front and rear porches. In the angles of the gables is seen the coat-of-arms p™” T fuV 
 
 of Eau Claire. A pleasing effect is produced by the harmoniously contrasting color! in which the exterior is paTnted Its cost ^^ “0 “ Wmterb ° tham ' 
 
THE INTERIOR OF THE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING, as seen from the western gallery, gives a comprehensive idea of the multiplicity of exhibits displayed 
 bv the several States and Territories and foreign countries. In such a view perfection of detail, as a matter of course, must be sacrificed to general effect. Looking 
 down this vista, 800 feet in length, one is almost overwhelmed by the variety and number of objects that come under the eye. 
 possible to gain’some idea of the enormous magnitude of the Exposition and the incalculable variety of objects exhibited. 
 
 It is by such views as this that it is 
 
 55 
 
A SOUTHERN VIEW The Puck Building, designed by Mr, Henry Baerer, occupies the lower part of the extreme right of the picture. It is a charmingly ornate 
 building, over the entrance of which the well-known figure of Puck is keeping guard. To the left of it, near the center of the illustration, is the pavilion of the White 
 Star Steamship Company, which contains reproductions of smoking-rooms, dining-rooms, and state-rooms of the famed steamships “Majestic and Teutonic. 
 Across the Lagoon, over the Wooded Island, the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building stretches off beyond the south and east. 
 
 57 
 
HUNTER'S ISLAND. Standing in front of the Mines and Mining Building and looking north, directly in front, across the southern end of the I atroon is a small 
 island occupied by a primitive log structure known as the Hunter's Cabin. Beyond is the stately dome of the United States Government Building and at Lhe'extreme 
 left the Fisheries Building is faintly outlined against the sky. A corner of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building stretches away to the right 
 
 58 
 
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 THE MODEL OF THE KRUPP GUN, and the car upon which the original was brought to Chicago, forms a portion of the Pennsylvania Railroad Exhibit This 
 car or rather combination of cars, had to be specially constructed to carry this monster, which weighs 124 tons, measures 57 feet from breech to muzzle, and has a bore i6§ 
 car or rather com ’ of this weapon-the largest gun in the world-costs $1,100. The original is housed m the Krupp Building, situated on the Lake 
 
 Front 5 eastoTthe Agricultural Building. Its range is sixteen miles. To the right is the Pennsylvania Railway Building, and to the left specimens of track and signals. 
 
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 n-TTF rastN OF THE MacMONNIES FOUNTAIN— 150 feet in diameter—was raised twelve feet above the level of the surrounding Mam Basin. Over the edge of 
 
 it water rushed in a series of miniature cascades. Sea-horses, mounted by figures representing modern advance, plunging forward, lead the way for the barge bearing 
 Columbia. The detail of that part of the Basin facing the northeast is well shown in the accompanying illustration. In the distance the western half of the north 
 facade of the noble Agricultural Building—the airy form of Diana clearly silhouetted against the sky—adds a charming completeness to the picture. 
 
 61 
 
THE NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, with what it contained, formed an exposition in itself. At the main entrances are casts of the celebrated Barberini lions 
 and he pedestal lamps lighting the terraces are reproductions of the best examples in the museum of Naples. At either side of the entrance shown in the illustration 
 are placed busts of George Clinton and Roswell P. Flower, the first and present Governors of the Empire State. In niches, on the front facade of the two win vs stand 
 heroic statues of Columbus and Hudson, the works of Olin Warner. Messrs. McKim, Meade & White were the architects. ’ * ’ 
 
 62 
 
. 
 
 ,atriarchal building of the State of Massachusetts. I peabodv & Stearns Li ke the original, which it strikingly resembles, it is surrounded by a raised 
 
 LlSwira^Tls'nof LlrTlnl foUage°' The exterior is finished in staff, in imitation of cut granite, but the unique interior is of more durable construct™. 
 
 63 
 

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 THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDING occupies the central portion of the above view, as seen from a point between the Horticultural and 
 Woman s Bmldmgs, looking east over the Lagoon, Wooded Island, and Hoo-den Palace. The northern entrance to the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building the 
 
 transitory at"' 6Xtreme ^ ° f ^ P^ 6 ' The ““ e ° f and roofs at the left * f-nt idea of the immensity of’this 
 
 64 
 
THF CALIFORNIA STATE BUILDING possesses a spirit of poetry and romance and is unlike any other building on the grounds Representing as it does an 
 old monastery, it carries one's mind back to the early days of Spanish occupation, when the valiant soldiers of the cross braved the terrors of ocean and desert to preach 
 the true faith to the heathen aborigines. Even the material used m its construction - 
 The building, which measures 435 x 144 feet, housed a magnificent display of Californian products. 
 
 -adobe or sun-dried brick—is similar to what was used in those old days of romance. 
 
 65 
 
THE NEW HAMPSHIRE BUILDING is constructed in imitation of the heavily-bracketed and balconied chalets of Switzerland nr- ,, „ . 
 
 America, as New Hampshire is often called. It occupies one of the most favorable locations on the grounds facing LakeMichigan“d, symbohzmg the Switzerland o 
 with quoins to the doors and windows of various kinds of New Hampshire granite. The building is rectangular in form th S t ^ 6 1 St ° ry 1S bUllt ° f plaster 
 feet, which extends up through two stories to the roof. The building cost fbout $I2 ,ooo, and was^ignfdTy Mr. G. B Howe oT^onTnd OmaTa " & ^ 22X21 
 
 
 60 
 
. . , f Mr Potter and Mr French-stands in front of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building looking across the 
 
 THE CART-HORSE GROUP—-the joint work of Mr. Potter treated with ter dignity and beauty. The confidence existing between man 
 
 lain Basin, facing the Bull Group, by the same with his arc hed neck and intelligent eye, seems proud of the confidence reposed in him and 
 
 nd horse, and the nobility of labor, anTthlt wifhout him the tilling of the fields would be impossible. Both the man and the horse are splendid specimens of their 
 ^d aT Tko the right'is^en^he Adrninistration Building; to the left the delicate towers and columned porticoes of Machinery Hall. 
 
 67 
 
Illil 
 
 THE CANADIAN BUILDING stands on the lake shore, and was designed by tile Department of Public Wni-l-o nf n . 
 
 the veranda, which is ten feet wide and entirely surrounds the house, covers nearly 6 ooo square feet A simole anrfin he ™ nel gbbor. The building, includin 
 
 as to keep the cost within $30,000, the sum appropriated for the purpose by the Canadian Government. ' The interior wasWsWm M architecture wasadopted, s 
 of the several provinces. The building contained no exhibits, being used entirely for official purposes and as a meeting ^Fair " 
 
 68 
 
TTYjiNjr provides a ioint home for the Territories of New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma, having been designed for that purpose Dy 
 THE TERRITORIAL BIDING pWes , exhibited fey these Territories was fully equal to those o£ the older states. New Mexico and 
 
 Ir Seymour Davis. oug y semi-tropical fruits and flowers, besides specimens of the handiwork of the fast-disappearing natives, which included some 
 
 SSKST-SiSSSi iHahom P a added a rich collection of grains and grasses and other agricultural product. 
 
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 THE NORTH DAKOTA B 1 ILDING proves that the State, though young in years, possesses the vigor of maturity. The charming little home of this north 
 western State is an architectural gem of colonial style. The entire first floor is one large room, which measures 90x60 feet, and affords ample scope for the display 
 of the many productions of the State, which includes nearly every product of the soil grown in the temperate zone. The decorations consist of „„„ « it a 
 
 representations of North Dakota grains and grasses, shown in bas-reliefs on bands, panels, and angles. The cost of the building was $11 000 VSn ° ^ 
 
 70 
 
THE WEST VIRGINIA BUILDING is strictly colonial in its style of architecture, its wide-spreading piazzas resembling those of Mount Vernon, Monticello, 
 Malvern and other historic houses The main entrance is surmounted by the arms of the State in bas-relief. The aim of the architect was to combine utility with 
 simolicit’v in which idea he was eminently successful. What ornamentation there is, is in classic form, and consists of festoons and other graceful arrangements of flower 
 and leaf. The ceilings are of ornamental ironwork from Wheeling, W. Va., and all the exterior is built of material from that State. It is 123 x 58 feet m size, and cost $20,000. 
 
 71 
 
on t he h ri e e M the min° n t ^ t0 ^ beSt “*"“**> from elevated position 
 
 Woodlawn Avenue viaduct are the Turkish Villaee the Panorama of th tt S ° a <4, °° riSl1 Palace first meet the eye, and next in succession, beyond the 
 
 then comes the German Village and the Dutch Settlement. Beyond all is thTg^nd p^ramatf 
 
 72 
 
WESTERLY VIEW OF THE GRAND BASIN. The above view of the Basin is taken from the roof of the Casino, which stands at the head of the Great Pier 
 and forms one of the connecting supports of the Peristyle. To the right are the southern fa9ades of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts, the Electricity, and the Mines 
 and Mining Buildings. In the foreground stands the majestic Statue of the Republic, and at the end of the Basin, forming the left background of the picture, is the 
 Administration Building. The northern and western boundaries of the Court of Honor are here shown. 
 
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THE SOUTH ENTRANCE OF THE ART BUILDING gives a good idea of the character of the details of this most beautiful building, the creation of 
 Mr. C. B Atwood. The four figures over the center of the portico represent Architecture, Painting, Music, and Sculpture, and are flanked at either end by a winged 
 female holding a garland of flowers. To the right and left of the entrance are two classic female figures supporting the gabled pediments. The lions that guard the 
 entrance are the work of Messrs. Theodore Bauer and A. P. Proctor. There is a chaste, restful spirit to this building that is irresistible. 
 
NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD BUILDING. Near the Sixty-fifth Street entrance to the Exposition Grounds the New York Central & Hudson River 
 Railroad has a building, which includes also an exhibit by the Wagner Palace Car Company. This is an overflow of the Transportation Building, in which the evolution 
 of the locomotive and the development of modern means of transportation are fittingly and elaborately set forth. 
 
THE NORTHEAST ANGLE OP THE LAGOON is surrounded by a varied architecture. To the left the Woman’s Building affords a glimpse of Italian 
 renaissance; the modern nondescript Public Comfort Building lies ahead, partly hiding the California Building, whose red-tiled towers tell of old mission days on the 
 Pacific Coast; near at hand, to the right, the classic Illinois State Building completes the picture, which is enlivened by the coloring afforded by water and trees. 
 
the world will see another such display. 
 
A TURKISH TENT of the character illustrated above means the investment of a large sum of money, this particular specimen having swallowed up $100,000. 
 It seems an outrageous price for such a shelter until the marvelous richness of the intricate embroideries is realized, the making of which meant not only the use of a 
 large amount of heavy gold thread, but also years of toil and great artistic ability. The illustration is the reproduction of a photograph taken during the instantaneous 
 illumination afforded by a flash-light. 
 
THE FIRE-PLACE in the Main Hall of the Idaho Building shows what artistic taste can do with natural material left 
 in its native state. The entire building is constructed of rough logs modeled after the pattern of a Swiss chalet, and is 
 remarkably striking. The same idea is faithfully carried out in the interior with no less charming result. On the chimney- 
 piece are preserved zoological specimens native to Idaho, which seem naturally at home amidst their rustic surroundings. 
 
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THE CEYLON TEA HOUSE, situated on the lake front, near the main Ceylon Building, afforded a delightful retreat during the hot days of summer. Until 
 comparatively lately the staple product of the ‘ ‘ Spicy Isle ” was coffee; now, however, tea has taken first place in its list of exports. In the native house depicted 
 above, Ceylon tea was served, and the public given an opportunity to compare it with the product of China and Japan. The house was built almost entirely of 
 native reeds and grasses, and exhibited the ingenuity with which the Cingalese utilize such primitive materials in their building operations. 
 
lIlIV J..™,. . . T J, , rn TIIV ,- HORTICULTURAL BUILDING. The glazed dome and central entrance to the Horticultural Building are here displayed 
 
THE SOUTH DAKOTA BUILDING is entirely the creation of the muscle, brain, material, and money of that State. The exterior is coated with Yankton 
 cement, the timber is the product of her forests, and the roofing the product of her mines. Within its walls a wonderfully varied exhibit of the natural resources of the 
 State are exhibited, including all the fruits of the temperate zone, and almost all known metals. The building measures 100x60 feet, is Romanesque in style, and 
 cost $25,000. 
 
THE WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING is very original in design. It was built of lumber and materials brought from the Pacific Slope, and serves to show in a 
 marked degree the immense timber resources of that young State. In the foundation are pine logs measuring 52 inches in diameter and 120 feet in length, perfectly 
 clear and sound. Much larger timber could have been procured had the railroads been able to carry it. The exterior of the building—which is 140 x 220 feet—is covered 
 with Puget Sound lumber, and the roof is of cedar shingles from the same district. 
 
THE NORWEGIAN BUILDING is built after the model of the old Stavkirke, a peculiar Norwegian style of architecture which dates back to the twelfth century. 
 The peaks of the gables of this oddly constructed, cross-gabled edifice are ornamented with decorations similar to those with which the Norsemen embellished the 
 prows of their ships in the time of Lief Ericsson, the alleged discoverer of America. It was planned and built in sections in Norway, then taken to ; pieces, shipped 
 here, and set up. by Norwegian mechanics. The building is 6o x 25 feet in size. 
 

 THE DECORATIONS OF THE FISHERIES BUILDING are of great beauty, and deserving of the closest study. The grace and delicacy of Mr. Cobb’s work 
 is well shown in the above illustration of the southern entrance of the eastern arcade. Fish and frogs, shell fish and water snakes, besides many other kinds of marine 
 forms, add their quota toward the beautification of the building dedicated to showing their habits of life. How the most unpicturesque objects can be handled and 
 forced into combinations of beauty when treated with true artistic taste, is here vividly shown. 
 
 6 a 
 
THE COLORADO STATE BUILDING is a pleasing building of the Spanish renaissance type, occupying a space 125 x 45 feet. The two towers are provided with 
 spiral stairways, and a journey to the top was well repaid by the magnificent view presented. The ornamental front and red Spanish-tiled roof lent warmth to the 
 building which was very pleasing. The interior fittings of native marble and onyx were well worth seeing, and showed the richness of the “Centennial State” in 
 these materials. 
 
THE UNITED STATES SIGNAL SERVICE EXHIBIT and Life Saving Station proved of great interest to visitors of the World’s Fair. The light-house is of 
 the modern steel pattern, ioo feet high, and furnished with the most powerful revolving white and red lights. It will shortly be taken down and be removed to the 
 mouth of the Columbia River. In the distance just beyond is the Life Saving Station, where daily drills of life-boat crews, etc., were held. To the left are the small 
 buildings of the Naval Observatory, and over them, farther off, the Main United States Government Building. 
 
THE MINNESOTA STATE BUILDING is the work of Mr. W. C. Whitney, who created one of the most beautiful and homelike of State buildings. In the 
 I HE MUNINEEU executed by Taeob Fjielde, the cost being contributed by the school children of Minnesota. It will shortly be duplicated m bronze 
 
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THE NEBRASKA STATE BUILDING is of the colonial style of architecture, and classic in its simple impressiveness. On each side of the building is a large 
 portico with eight massive columns upholding the pediment, which bears the State coat-of-arms in bas-relief. The house measures 100x60 feet, and is constructed of 
 staff treated to represent stone. On the first floor is a large hall for exhibition purposes, besides reception-rooms and toilet-rooms. On the second floor are other 
 rooms for the display of native products, and ladies’ reception-rooms, etc. The architect was Mr. Henry Voss, and the building cost $15,000. 
 
FIRE STATION. The provisions made for extinguishing fire at the Exposition were very complete. Fire Stations 
 were plentiful throughout the grounds, and within a very few seconds of the discovery of a fire a dozen engines could be on 
 the spot. This was a very necessary provision, the value of the exhibits being immense and many of them being of a highly 
 inflammable nature. The number of small conflagrations extinguished by the fire department was very large. 
 
 NEWEXcumj 
 
 
KALIHL SAWABIM, the handsome Oriental, who so complacently draws the smoke of fragrant Eastern tobacco through the scented, cooling water in the bowl of 
 his hookah, is the son of a native Damascus banker, his mother being an Arabian. The rush and activity of an American city is a riddle to him. He spent six months 
 at the Exposition, and in his quiet way picked up a vast store of knowledge and some American dollars; but, nevertheless, goes home more than ever assured that the 
 restful existence which awaits him in his Eastern home is better than the restless hurry-skurry of Western lands. 
 
THE DAHOMEYANS and their village proved to be one of the most attractive features in the Midway Plaisance at the World’s Fair. They are an extremely cruel 
 and brutal race, and it is to be hoped that they will carry back to their West African home some of the influences of civilization with which they were surrounded in 
 Jackson Park. The two members of the tribe pictured above are about average specimens. The great height and muscular power they possess is hardly shown in their 
 attitude of repose. 
 
THE KANSAS STATE BUILDING possesses a character very much its own, being a decided departure from conventional ideas of architecture, and unlike any other 
 building on the grounds. The bas-relief near the left corner represents the State as she is now and as she was armed for her struggle “ ad astra per aspera ,” when 
 admitted to the Union in 1861. The building is cruciform, and measures 135 x 140 feet. The architect was Mr. Seymour Davis. 
 
THE MONTANA BUILDING with its arched entrance, surmounted by a noble elk whose antlers measure ten feet from tip to tip, is of the Roman order of 
 architecture. Its ground area is 113 x 63 feet, and it was designed by Messrs. Galbraith & Fuller of Livingston, Montana. From the vestibule, which is marble-floored, 
 open reception-rooms and parlors, and at the rear of the building is a banquet-hall wherein the hospitable people of Montana constantly entertained their friends. The 
 cost of the building was $15,125. 
 
IIE LOUISIANA STATE BUILDING is a reproduction o£ an old Southern plantation home, with broad corridors, large doors, and quaint dormer windows 
 One of the features of the building was a restaurant where all the delicacies for which the State is famous were served in ante-bellum style. A creole covert Upany 
 discoursed plantation music. There were few pleasanter ways of spending a restful hour than in lunching at this hospitable Southern abode company 
 
THE ENTRANCE TO THE SWEDISH BUILDING presents an interesting study of the architecture of Sweden during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, 
 which it closely follows. The building, the design of Mr. Gustaf Wickman of Stockholm, was constructed in that country, and then taken apart and brought over heie 
 to be reconstructed in Jackson Park. The entrance is of brick and decorated with terra cotta, the product of famous Swedish manufactories, and is of itself no 
 insignificant exhibit. The building is in the form of a triangle. The entrance leads into an immense hexangular hall, from which open rooms used for the display 
 of exhibits. 
 
THE MANUFACTURES AND LiBERAL ARTS BUILDING, when viewed from the point where this picture was taken, gives a better idea of its vast size 
 than when seen from any other place. Even this aspect, however, fails to convey the reality of its unparalleled magnitude. The western facade —the one to the left — 
 is 1,687 feet in length, the southern face 787 feet from end to end, the building covering an area of nearly thirty-one acres. The highest point of the roof is 245 feet 
 above the ground. The amount of lumber used in its construction would deforest 1,100 acres of Michigan pine-land; the iron and steel in its roof alone would build two 
 Brooklyn bridges. Its architect, Mr. G. B. Post, performed the feat of designing this building even more remarkable for its architectural beauty than for its size. 
 
THE RUINS OF YUCATAN occupy a space near the Dairy Building, in the southeastern part of the grounds. They are exact reproductions from the 
 group of Labna, the rains of Uxtnal, and the “ House of the Nuns." These reproductions of the architecture of a forgotten and mysterious race are made of staff by 
 means of papier-mache molds taken from the original ruins by Mr. E. H. Thompson, United States Consul at Yucatan, under Professor Putnam’s instructions. 
 
 7 a 
 
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 THE CEYLON BUILDING is of the Dravidian style of architecture as it appears in the ruins of ancient temples throughout the island. The exquisite Singhalese 
 woods used in its construction were fitted in Ceylon and put together again in Jackson Park. The stairways and general plan of the court are copied from the ruined 
 temples of Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa, the capitals of Ceylon from 543 B. C. to 1235 A. D. The decorations are wonderful specimens of oriental work 
 representing mythological subjects. 
 
THE MAINE BUILDING is situated on an angular piece of ground, which fact determined the plan of the house. The first story is built of many varieties of 
 granite from Maine, of various textures and colors. The upper story is of wood and plaster, and its balconies and bay-windows project over the stone below, the whole 
 forming a very picturesque structure. Besides serving as a State headquarters, the building contains maps, profiles, and paintings illustrating the State, together with 
 unany historic relics. Its cost was $20,000, and is from the design of Mr. C. S. Frost. 
 
DAVID SHON KAIR is the son of the Cadi who for over sixty years has dispensed justice in the district which embraces 
 
 Mount Lebanon of Bible fame. He came from Syria during the early days of the Fair, and has remained throughout, 
 overseeing the display of products exhibited by that oriental region and incidentally exchanging the manufactures of his 
 country for American dollars. He is a man of marked intelligence and commercial astuteness. 
 
I 
 
 THE MISSOURI STATE BUILDING is an imposing structure of Spanish renaissance order of architecture. It was built practically entirely of Missouri 
 material, handled by Missouri mechanics, and its rugs, carpets, curtains, and other furnishings were largely the products of that State. The interior of the building is 
 divided into large halls for the display of women’s work, historical relics, etc. The cost of the building was $40,000. 
 
 7 b 
 
THE EGYPTIAN MERCHANT AND SOUDANESE BOY were attracted from the land of the Pharaohs by the 
 reported wonders of the World’s Fair. They exhibited and sold Eastern embroideries, beaten brass-work, and curious pottery 
 in the “ Streets of Cairo,” which were transplanted to the Exposition and proved to be one of the most attractive exhibits on 
 
 the Midway Plaisance. 
 
THE GROUP OF TURKS and Arabs depicted in the above illustration consists of the portraits of Eastern merchants who came to the World’s Fair to exhibit 
 and sell the manufactures of their countries. The gay clothing of the orientals lent a pleasing touch of color to the sober-clad multitudes that crowded the Midway 
 Plaisance, and their presence was a picturesque addition to the cosmopolitan gathering that peopled that street of all nations. They return home laden with American 
 dollars, well pleased with their venture. 
 
THE DAIRY BUILDING housed an exhibit that brought the dairyman of the Eastern States in competition with the farmer from the Western prairies, and both in 
 friendly rivalry with the hereditary herdsmen of Switzerland, Holland, and other European countries famed for their butter and cheese. The exhibit proved to be an 
 educator of great value — the Old World and the New learning from each other. The building is 200 x 100 feet in size, and cost $30,000. Provision was made for seating 
 the large audiences that attended the lectures on butter-making and allied subjects. 
 
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 THE SINGHALESE LADY, the subject of the above illustration, should be happier than her white sisters, in one respect at least, for by the laws of her people 
 she has the right to possess as many husbands as she can find room for in her accommodating heart. Graceful in every movement, with flashing dark eyes, and robed 
 in the picturesque dress of her country, the Singhalese maiden no doubt has many aspirants to her hand, and is in the happy position that she can accept them all. 
 
THE SOUTHEASTERN CORNER OF THE FAIR GROUNDS is the site of many interesting buildings. In the foreground stands the Convent de la Rabida 
 with its invaluable mementoes of Columbus, surrounded by a rampart-like wall to fend it from the waters of Lake Michigan, which prove very destructive when angered 
 by an eastern gale ; beyond is the Krupp Building, housing the monster gun ; next to it the Shoe and Leather Building, and farther on the Forestry Building, which is- 
 the extreme southern structure on the lake front. 
 
1 
 
 MINES AND MINING BUILDING. The northern part of this building faces the Lagoon. At the left is seen a portion of one of the islets skirting the Wooded 
 Island, and on the right, fronting the Transportation Building, the golden entrance of which we get a partial view, is the heroic statue of the Indian, designed and 
 executed by Mr. A. P. Proctor. This and its accompanying statue of the Cowboy, flanking the electric launch landing on either side, are intended to perpetuate two 
 rapidly disappearing - types of our western frontier life, the hard-riding “ centaurs of the plains. 
 
UNDER THE CENTRAL DOME Ob THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDING was a rocky hill, clad in a profusion of trailing vines, tree ferns, feathery bamboo, 
 
 and other luxuriant tropical growths. Within the mound was a reproduction of one of the 1,400 chambers which have so far been explored of the Mammoth Crystal 
 Cave of South Dakota. It was an enchanted chamber glittering with diamond-like stalagmites and other forms of crystal. Both within and without its beauty was one 
 of the chief attractions in the building. 
 

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 THE NORTHERN PAVILION OF THE HORTICULTURAL BUILDING and the southern fapade of the Children’s Building bound on two. sides a lawn, 
 upon which are exhibited various forms of greenhouses, hothouses, and summer-houses, many of which are the exhibits of foreign manufacturers-Switzeriand being 
 specially well represented. The flat roof of the Children’s Building is covered by an awning, as is shown to the left of the illustration, and forms a shady, cool 
 playground, much enjoyed by the youngsters. A wire netting inclosed it, and prevented the possibility of a fall to the ground, fifty feet below. 
 
THE BEDOUIN FAMILY whose portrait appears above are a long way from their Asiatic home. The baby, swathed in endless bandages, to protect its little body 
 from the chill American air, was born in Jackson Park, within the horse-hair tent that forms the background of the illustration. They brought with them all their 
 household goocis, including the ever-necessary hooka, which the warrior seldom ceases to smoke, and his sharp, curved scimitar, for which, fortunately, he has not found 
 use since his arrival. J 
 
THE “ SHIPS OF THE DESERT ” formed an attraction at the World’s Fair nearly as great as the caravels from Spain and the Viking ships from the land of the 
 Norseman. For a small fee one could ride on the back of a camel around the inclosure of the “ Wild East,” which was one of the many interesting “ side-shows ’ in the 
 Midway Plaisance. With many grunts and groans and appearance of stiffness the animal would squat on the ground, as seen in the illustration, to receive his load, 
 and then arise with a series of jerks that was liable to send one flying off, unless a firm hold was taken of the handles attached to the saddle. 
 
 
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tn f P r ml i “ te J' eSt a “ ached to it- Here for the first time in the history of expositions, woman had a building dedicated expressly 
 
 to her uses. What has been the result of her efforts and how specimens of her work were collected from every quarter of the globe for exhibition here, is too well 
 
 K!ndicra e ft r'th W " R iH- detad «* important departure is referred to the able and richly illustrated book entitled 
 
 Art and Handicraft m the Woman s Building,’ edited by Mrs. Maud Ho-e Elliot. The architecture of the building is treated of in another part of this album. 
 
THE SOUTH POND, as seen from its north end, presents a diversified view. To the right in the foreground is the southeast corner of the Agricultural Building; 
 beyond, the Windmill Exhibit. In the center of the picture floats the old Whaling-Bark “ Progress” ; to its left, nearer at hand, is the Government Indian School, 
 surrounded by the terminal loop of the Intramural Railway. In the foreground, to the extreme left, the west end of the Convent de la Rabida is seen, and beyond it 
 -parts of the Krupp Building, Leather Building, etc. 
 
 8 a 
 
THE HALL OF THE TERMINAL STATION provided ample room for the vast crowds which arrived at the Exposition Grounds by the railroad lines that ran 
 trains direct to the White City. Within the building were restaurants, barber-shops, toilet-rooms, and a hundred and one other conveniences for the benefit of travelers. 
 The building is of the Roman-Corinthian style of architecture, modeled after the famed baths of Caracalla in Rome. 
 
THE RHODE ISLAND BUILDING, in the style of a Greek mansion, is the most purely classic of the State structures. The columns and pilasters are surmounted 
 by enriched Ionic entablature with decorated moldings, above which the building is finished with a balustrade, with ornamental urns over each pedestal. In the hall is 
 a fire-place and marble mantel taken from the old colonial mansion where the destruction of the British schooner “ Gaspee ” by the citizens of Providence was planned 
 June 9, 1792. The house measures 39 X42 feet, cost $10,000, and was planned by Messrs. Stone, Carpenter & Wilson. 
 
THE FRENCH BUILDING consists of two pavilions connected by a semi-circular colonnade which incloses a lawn that faces the lake and is beautified by a bronze 
 fountain, the statuary of which is of a very high order of merit. The pavilion to the north is named after Lafayette, and contains all the gifts mem “andMstoncS 
 
 Mot? ?? T F TV n C ° Untry; °? C6S ^ alS ° iDClUded “ tWS PaviU ° n - The buMin S’ which measures a50 x 175 fert was designed b^ Messrs 
 
 Motte & Du Buysson, and is of the French renaissance style of architecture. uebigueu. uy mesbrs. 
 
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 THE CONNECTICUT BUILDING represents a high-class residence of that State, and is of the colonial order of architecture. There were many interesting 
 historic relics treasured within, amongst which was a copy of a New York newspaper dated October 8, 1789, and the lately discovered shaving-mug of George Washington. 
 The ground area of the house is 73 x 72 feet, and it cost $10,000. 
 
 8b 
 
 
THE WESTERN END OF THE COURT OF HONOR is richer m architectural beauty and in statuary than perhaps any area of ground in the world of equal 
 space. The above illustration shows much of it. The south fa 5 ade of the Electricity Building forms a charming background; to its right and in the middle distance 
 Gelert’s rostral columns and MacMonnies’ exquisite Fountain are completely satisfying to one’s sense of the beautiful, whilst near at hand Proctor’s stately Elks complete 
 a picture that silences criticism. 3 r 
 
THE BRIDGE spanning the water between the Wooded Island and the west shore of the Lagoon, near the Horticultural Building, is one of many similar structures 
 throughout the Exposition Grounds, the abutments of which are all surmounted by statues of American animals. The pair of moose shown in the above illustration are 
 the work of Mr. A. P. Proctor, and are wonderfully powerful in their vivid truth to nature. 
 
THE BATTLE-SHIP ILLINOIS was an interesting part of the United States exhibit. Though built of brick and cement, with a substantial foundation of piling, 
 it was hard to believe it was not a veritable war-ship floating beside the pier. In every respect it was an exact duplication of its namesake, one of the new coast line 
 battle-ships, carrying the same number and caliber of guns, either real or make-believe, the magazines, officers’ and men’s quarters, torpedoes, etc., being all exact 
 reproductions. The discipline and drills were also such as would be carried out on a real man-of-war, and enabled the visitor to learn how “ Jack ” spends his life in the 
 •service of his country. 
 
THE INTERIOR OF THE ELECTRICITY BUILDING, either by day or night, but especially at the latter time, was a place to conjure by. Crackling sparks — 
 lightning in miniature —flew from buzzing dynamos, luminous balls of ever-changing colors chased one another along cornices, up pillars, and round comers; mysterious 
 automatic wands traced iridescent words and erased them again with magic touch; and the voice of far-off singers was heard as if near by, echoed from the Atlantic 
 Coast along conducting wires. Viewed as from the above point of observation, it was a wonderland, the enchanted throne-room of Electra. 
 
: 
 
 
 
 THE WHITE HORSE INN is an exact representation of the hostelry of that name at Ipswich, England, made immortal by Dickens in his Pickwick Papers. It 
 was for centuries a famous stopping-place for the coaches which were wiped out of existence by the modern railway train. Frequent mention of it was made as far back 
 as the year 1450. This reproduction was used as a restaurant during the World’s Fair. The character of cookery and service was such as that found at English country 
 inns, and the wants of the thirsty were supplied by genuine English barmaids. 
 
THE BRAZILIAN BUILDING is a strikingly beautiful structure of the French renaissance style of architecture. The Indian figures in the bas-reliefs of the 
 facades and those on the stylobate of the dome are allegorical of the republic of Brazil. The semi-circular transoms are filled with glass hand-painted with appropriate 
 designs m harmonious colors. The four campaniles each provide an open observatory seventy feet above the ground. The building is 148 feet square, cost $90,000, and 
 was designed by Colonel Francisco de Souza Aguiar, of the Brazilian army. * 
 
A DECORATED PANEL made of variously colored grains and grasses was one of the objects of interest to be seen in the Agricultural Building. Its artistic 
 merit and ingenuity can be judged from the above reproduction. It will be noticed that the Stars and Stripes hold a central position, flanked on the left by the coat-of- 
 arms of Ferdinand and Isabella, and on the right by the standard of Spain, a combination appropriate to the occasion. 
 

 horned aTres°t^f IN It had a°™LTof ^ Urcd Its broad verandas were invitingly cool and shadv, its whole aspect being 
 
 *—»-*i 
 
 coat-of-arms, modeled by Miss Eunice Winterbotham, of Eau Claire. S character. 
 
 Over the front entrance was the State 
 
THE VIRGINIA BUILDING is an exact reproduction of the Mount Vernon mansion, where George Washington lived and died. In thus honoring the Father of 
 
 his Country, the State did not furnish a building architecturally the equal of those of some other commonwealths, but the historic interest attached to the house far more 
 than made up for the deficiency. The building measures 92 x 32 feet, and is two stories in height, with an attic. Altogether there are twenty-five rooms, which are 
 
 filled with valuable historic relics. 
 
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 decoration of the ceiling and the detail of the classic columns is clearly brought out. and are well worthy of ckLe stud, ln entlret> '' " ' 34 *** “ length ' Th ° ° rnate 
 
THE SOUTH CANAL, viewed from the north, presents a charming view. Flanking the steps at each side are the exquisite Horse and Bull groups, the subjects 
 ■of special illustration elsewhere. At the end stands the Obelisk, also depicted on another page; beyond is the classic colonnade, and to the left the western facade of 
 the Agricultural Building, with its wealth of statuary and gay banners. 
 
 9 a 
 
THE VIEW WEST FROM THE FERRIS WHEEL was vast and striking. From under foot the Midway Plaisance stretched away to the limit of the Exposition 
 Grounds. Close at hand, to the left, Old Vienna, doubly charming when seen as a whole, could be comprehended at a glance. To the right is the cyclorama of the 
 Volcano of Kilauea, the Hawaiian Goddess of Fire—Pele—guarding the entrance; beyond, the Chinese Theater, and in the distance the mysterious indistinct background 
 natural to the vicinity of a great city. 
 
THE LIVE STOCK PAVILION was designed more for use than beauty, and this being the case it was placed somewhat in the background, near the southern 
 end of the grounds. The exterior is of staff, and the formation of the building is such that the interior is an open arena 400 feet in length, with ten tiers of seats and a 
 broad balcony. An iron roof protects the spectators, 15,000 of whom can be seated at one time. It was designed by Messrs. Holabird & Roche. 
 
THE TOTEM POLE is to the Indian of Alaska what a coat-of-arms is to the European. In the one case the higher the 
 social standing of the individual the taller the pole and the more numerous the figures carved thereon; in the other case, the 
 greater the multiplication of quarterings. The exact meaning of the figures on the Alaskan poles is not understood, but they 
 are supposed to represent special deeds of valor or wisdom performed by the family of the owner. 
 
THE GROUP OF SAMOAN ACTORS illustrated above performed dramas in their theater on the Midway Plaisance. By the aid of a flash-light they were 
 photographed while acting one of their plays. Because of the late disturbances in their island, in which the United States Government took a hand, these people were 
 an object of special interest to World’s Fair visitors, and their performances always drew a full house. 
 
 9 b 
 
THE REFRESHMENT BOOTH depicted in the above illustration represents a Russian kiosk. The principle followed 
 by the Exposition authorities, always to combine beauty with utility, is here well exemplified. 
 
THE TUNISIAN BUILDING was one of the principal structures which had place in the French Colonies Exhibit. Its moresque architecture was striking and 
 attractive, the glittering domes furnishing a bright touch of color. The large central room was furnished by the Bey of Tunis in exact representation of an apartment 
 in his palace. On either side of the building sheds furnished a shelter where “ soucks,” a native drink, was sold, also tropical fruits and oriental knickknacks. 
 
THE CENTRAL CLOCK TOWER OF THE MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING was 
 situated at the junction of the main east and west avenue with that running north and south. It was 120 feet high, with a 
 base formed of four towers rising to a height of forty feet. A melodious chime of bells rang out the hours, and four dials 
 facing the points of the compass told the time. 
 
THE OBELISK, situated at the southern end of the South Canal, is an exact reproduction of Cleopatra's Needle, presented by the Khedive of Egypt to the United 
 States, and now standing in Central Park, New York. Its fellow, given to England, occupies a position in London on the Thames Embankment. The monument is 
 thickly covered with hieroglyphics representing scenes in the ancient history of Egypt, dating back to the age of myths. 
 
THE STATUE OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, which stands at the main south entrance of the Electricity Building, 
 is numbered among the chief artistic successes of the Fair. It is the work of Carl Rohl-Smith, a Danish-American sculptor, 
 and places him among the leaders of his art. The pose is striking and natural, as, with head thrown back, gazing toward 
 the sky, the great scientist stands ready with kite in hand to draw the lightning from cloud to earth. 
 
THE MICHIGAN BUILDING is an imposing structure of a mixed style of architecture, 104 x 144 feet in ground area, with a central tower 131 feet in height. It 
 contained a pomological display presenting five hundred models of the various fruits grown in the State, besides a vast number of specimens of the flora and fauna. 
 A poem entitled “ The Red Man’s Rebuke,” composed by the last Chief of the Pottawatomies, and written on birch bark, was one of the most interesting exhibits. The 
 exterior of the building is of Michigan pine and shingles, the latter stained a soft red color. $50,000 was expended in its construction. 
 
THE BANQUETING HALL in the New York Building affords a charming exhibition of cultured taste. The general scheme of decoration is white and gold. 
 The panel in the center of the ceiling, representing allegorical subjects, is the work of Mr. F. D. Millet, and is characterized by the artistic delicacy which invariably 
 marks his work. The room measures 84 x 46 feet, and was the scene of many festive gatherings during the period of the World’s Fair. 
 
THE MARINE CAFE and Brazilian Building, as seen from the Lagoon, present a view illustrative of the charming diversification of architecture; that lent such a 
 delightful interest to the northeastern part of the Fair Grounds. That quarter was a world in miniature. East and West, North and SouthEurope,^Asia, Afnc 
 Amfrica were all represented, and the characteristics of different peoples, as shown by the spirit of their architecture, were expressed within the compass of a few ac S. 
 and provided one of the most striking object lessons of the Exposition. 
 
AIR. At tlie north entrance to the Administration Building stands the above depicted group representing “ Air.” Two 
 maidens disport among the clouds. Overhead two cupid-like figures join in the play. The whole group possesses a light 
 airiness of spirit charmingly characteristic of the element it personifies. It speaks in everlasting praise of its sculptor, 
 Mr. Karl Bitter. 
 
THE TAVANESE BRIDE AND BRIDEGROOM, the subjects of the above illustration, met far away from home on the Midway Plaisance, and resolved to make 
 up for the breaking of old home ties by the formation of new ones. It is to be hoped that their youthful anticipations may be fulfilled and that their married life, begun 
 under the auspices of the American Eagle, may continue happily to the end in their distant home in the Indian Ocean, to which they have returned. 
 
west fagades, gives perhaps more than any’o^a^nUconcepaon of its^r^ jj ' 10 P resen ^ tion . lowing at an angle both the north an. 
 
 as a foreground, the green lawn with its variegated flower-beds in the middle distance the srlistenino- genera spirit and imperial magnitude. With the limpid water 
 its kind, fills every mental and emotional desire. ’ S ng tem P le dedicated to the goddess Ceres completes a picture that, c 
 

 THE WESTERN FACADE of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building is seen to better advantage and the immensity of the length betiei J™™J'J'* 
 
 point oflwfrom which this picture was taken than from elsewhere on the grounds. The ornate surroundings add to its simple impressiveness, and form a fit setting 
 for the noble structure—the largest ever constructed by man. 
 
 10 a 
 
T HE DE L AW AR E STAT . E BUILDING is a neat structure, not as large as some of its neighbors, and of the Southern colonial order of architecture It i< 
 trgroandr 6 ' m6aSUreS 6 ° X58 fe6t ' $7 ' 5 °°- ™ S ^ ™ ^ ** a W ° rid ’ s appropriation, and the building 
 
TIIE YFXF/FFI \ F.FILIFXFi H constructed of white marble, and is Greco-Roman in arehitectuie. On the apex of the left tower is a F s * 
 
THE COLOMBIAN BUILDING is Italian renaissance in style, and is flanked on each side by conservatories filled with 
 rare tropical plants brought from the little republic. The building was designed by Mr. Gaston Lecarge, a French architect of 
 Bogota, and was erected under the direction of Lieut. H. R. Lemly of the U. S. Army, who was U. S. Commissioner for the 
 World s Fair in Colombia. The lower story was filled with an interesting collection of exhumed prehistoric antiquities, 
 
A BRIDAL PROCESSION IN THE STREETS OF CAIRO — on, .1 ****J~~~ 1 ^^“ 
 
 S"—*'iSSon S“>»”»“i ■— o,’,h, embarrassment ...all, ..Ian. „ .„h • «!«., — ■ 
 
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TUB GUATEMALA BUILDING t. ^ House ^ ^ 
 
 m^XSg ta Zi"^“ exhibit of that berry. The exterior of the building is colored in two peculiar tints, in imitation of stone and salmon-rose, the 
 specialty of Mr. Moras, the architect. The cost of its construction was $40,000. 
 
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 THE BRITISH BUILDING —VICTORIA HOUSE —stands on the lake front ashort way north of the Manufactures and T iheml Ti -in- .. . 
 
 of the best type of half-timber house of the time of Henry VIII., somewhat modified and modernized by the use of terra cotta on the 1 B “ ldm S- Tt 1S characteristic 
 the way of exhibits, and was used almost entirely for office purposes by the British Commissioners. It was open for inspection “ 
 
“ BLINDMAN’S BUFF,” the delightful product of the talent of Mr, Richards, was placed close to the Illinois State Building, and charmed the millions who passed 
 that way. The group is full of vigor, the figures being not stiffly posed automatons, but living, active children engrossed in the interest of their play. 
 
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 ,, ™ E GALLERIES GE THE TERMINAL STATION are well worthy of attention because of the beauty of their arches and the richness of their detail. Modeled 
 a ter the famous baths of Caracalla at Rome, the interior of this building is purely classic and richly satisfying to the esthetic sense. It is to be hoped that the building 
 will be reproduced permanently elsewhere after the destruction of the White City. 
 
 
THE TURKISH BUILDING is a reproduction of a fountain-house erected two hundred years ago by Selim the Great, of pious memory. On three sides of the 
 building are marble basins into which water falls, and on the fourth side is the entrance. The exterior walls are composed of mucharabia, an f 
 
 beauty and value. Exquisite mosaic floors of many colors and hangings of rich fabrics gave an air of true Eastern luxury to the interior. Many curios 
 Stamboul museum were housed within and guarded by the brightly uniformed and turbaned soldiers of the Ottoman Empire. 
 

 • -11 OE THE peri STYLE presents a striking view, unfortunately somewhat marred by the presence of the rods necessary to stay the statuary. The Quadriga 
 
 is silhouetted nobly against the sny, while the lines of figures, the work of Mr. Theodore Baur, entitled Eloquence, Music, Fisher Boy, Navigation, and Indian Chief 
 
 rep ? ated ’ are se ® n from a pomt of view unobtainable elsewhere. The roof of the mammoth Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building is seen to the left' 
 Lake Michigan lies to the right, stretching away to the horizon. 
 
 
] 
 
 PENOBSCOT INDIAN DWELLINGS, as above illustrated, formed a part of the Ethnographic Exhibit made by the Anthropological Department. This Indian 
 tribe, numbering some five hundred souls, is native to Maine, and is a branch of the Algonquin nation. They elect a Governor and Lieutenant-Governor, and are m a 
 measure self-governing. Roman Catholic missionaries long since gathered them into the fold of that church, of which they have proved docile members. 
 

 
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 tribe once onefofthe mos'/oowfrfu^n ARK H ° L ' SI j' S for ‘ llud P art <>f thu Ethnographic Exhibit, which was a subdivision of the Department of Anthropology Thi' 
 
 United States became the possessor of their domains ThTylave^enThe^obTect o^nTh T title * 1 “*? in New Y °rk State was extinguished, and thf 
 
 tribe have now all embraced Christianity in some form The f r 1 £ “ Sollcltude to man y rell g 10us denominations, and the different divisions of thf 
 
 emoracea Christianity m some form. The structure of their houses shows that their ideas of architecture and carpentry are still primitive. 
 
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 THE HAITIAN BUILDING is of the Southern colonial style, adapted from the Grecian. The national coat-of-arms adorns the portico and forms the only exterior 
 decoration of much importance. In the center of the main hall stood a statue—“ Reverie by a native sculptor, which received the second medal at the Pans Salon. 
 All the exhibits of the republic were concentrated in the building. The most interesting among many historical relics there was one of Columbus anchors. 
 
1 HE FRENCH COLONIES EXHIBIT formed a part of the French Government display, 
 colonies were -rouped together near the south end of the park, and proved a great attraction, 
 which contained an interesting display of the paraphernalia of the chase of the mammoth animal. 
 
 Buildings and productions from Tunis, Algiers, Tonquin, and other 
 To the left, afloat on the South Pond, is the Whaling-Bark Progress, 
 
THE EASTERN FACADE OF MACHINERY HALL is an architectural work entirely satisfying to one’s sense of the beautiful. The dignity of the noble, 
 classic portico, with its richly-molded pediment, and the severity of the long stretches of colonnade, are relieved and lightened by the animated treatment of the belfries 
 from where bells chimed familiar airs during the day. One of Mr. Proctor’s moose stands in the foreground, whilst in the distance, to the left, Cleopatra’s Needle and 
 
 •the Colonnade fill the picture. 
 
 11 a 
 
THE MUSIC HALL, situated at the north end of the Peristyle, is a three-storied structure of Roman renaissance style of architecture. The statues surmounting 
 
 it are repetitions of those on the Peristyle, seen to the right in the distance, and described elsewhere. The building has a seating capacity of 2,000, with place for an 
 orchestra of seventy-five pieces and a chorus of three hundred people. The object of the Music Hall was to furnish a home for the production of classic works the 
 larger Choral Hall being intended for the more popular class of music. 
 
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 THE CHORAL HALL, also known as Festival Hall, situated between the Transportation and Horticultural buildings, p „ a lleries to obstruct 
 
 Doric style of architecture. The interior is in the form of a Greek theater, the part assigned to the chorus taking the place of a stage There are no galleries 
 -view or sound, the main floor having seating capacity for 6,500 people. A deep foyer extends round the building, giving amp e room or promena 
 
 
THE STATUE OF A FEMALE PANTHER, entitled by its author, Mr. Kemeys, “At Bay,” is one of a series of American animals that beautify the Court of 
 Honor and the bridges throughout the grounds. The switching tail, upraised head, and snarling expression of rage, characteristic of this feline when cornered, are 
 reproduced with a realism, artistic strength, and truth to nature quite unusual. 
 
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 A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE GREAT BASIN -"-3^ 
 
 Michig^parldL to IheTonfon. To the right stands the Agricultural Building; opposite it, to the left, the Manufactures 
 .nd Liberal Arts Building, their whiteness, warmed up by the touches of color, lent by the many banners. 
 
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 1 1 b 
 
THE MOOR was invested by the great bard with a poetic individuality that has remained with him to the present time 
 The representative of this race here shown is a merchant who vended his native wares on the Midway Plaisance and at the 
 same time satisfied popular curiosity in regard to the appearance of that historic people. 
 
OLD VIENNA was a reproduction of " Der Graben,” a part of Austria's capital as it existed 150 years ago. The concession covered an area of 195x590 feet, 
 and within its central court the wants of hungry multitudes were supplied, and an Austrian orchestra discoursed the sweetest of music during certain hours of the 
 day. The combination consisting of good things for the inner man, architecture that enchanted the eye, and sounds that pleased the ear made it one of the most popular 
 
 resorts on the Midway. 
 
THE MAIN EASTERN ENTRANCE OF THE TERMINAL STATION is in architectural harmony with the Peristyle and its flanking buildings_the Music 
 
 Hall and Casino — the statues surmounting the balustrade being a repetition of those which grace the eastern end of the Grand Court, the Roman-Corinthian style of the 
 building completing the similarity. The station is fully described on other pages. 
 

 
 THE MOOSE above represented is one ui lwu, ~ ' . ' , . -,= f _ - n t,:- -native awkwardness, 
 
 with his disproportionately long legs, short, thick neck, and ponderous antlers, is reproduced to the life in all his native awkwar 
 
 Mr. Gelerts’ rostral columns is seen. 
 
 of two the creations of Mr. A. P. Proctor, which stand on the bridge near the Agricultural Building. The ungainly beast, 
 
 . 1 , ,1 1 ! 1' .. 1 .. nil h..-, n n TTO olTTlrilTdT'M tIPQQ I O the "Tl Q 
 
 To the right, a detail of one of 
 
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THE POLAR BEAR represented above stands on the west end of the middle bridge fronting the Administration 
 Building. It is the work of Mr. A. P. Proctor. It appears to be gazing across some imaginary field of ice, sniffing the air for 
 scent of seals or unfortunate Arctic explorers. 
 
 THE POLAR BEAR illustrated above is the companion of the one also pictured on this page, and the creation of the 
 same artist. He seems to await the decision of his brother whether or not the scent of dinner hangs in the breeze, and is as 
 passive in attitude as his fellow is actively attentive. They are an ideal pair. 
 

 THE WHALING BARK “ PROGRESS ” and her kind in a few years will be looked upon as relics of a past age. Steam propellers are rapidly taking the place of 
 sails cannon-hurled darts of harpoons, and swift motor-driven launches glide silently up to the mammoth inhabitant of the arctic seas, the bending backs and straining 
 muscles of rowers becoming picturesque memories. The “ Progress” was built in New England in the year 1841, and was exhibited by the citizens of Bedford, Mass. 
 
A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE JAVANESE VILLAGE is reproduced above, and gives a complete view of that most interesting and picturesque though 
 somewhat unsubstantial village. The cool airiness of construction which characterizes the houses speaks well of the climatic conditions of "ava, and proves the 
 absence of such North American institutions as blizzards in that favored locality. There seems also to be little provision made against the inrc of the class of men 
 who break through and steal, which may be accounted for as much from the small value of their household goods as from the honesty of the isla- 
 
Bi 
 
 T'TTP MOOR TSH PALACE situated on the Midway Piaisance, afforded a characteristic piece of Moorish architecture. The interior, with its ingenious arrangement 
 of ™ L 1 the marvels of Aladdin's Palace. Grottoes and fountains illuminated by colored mectric lights, native attendants m prcturesque costumes, artistic 
 
 bronzes, rich rm l hangings charmed the visitor, who for a consideration could view this home of North African luxury 
 
THE CLAM BAKE was one of the largest of the numerous restaurants scattered through the grounds. It had a seating 
 capacity of 22,000 persons, and as well as supplying the wants of hungry multitudes was an addition to the architectural 
 features of the grounds. It occupied a commanding position near the Fisheries Building, and from its upper stories afforded 
 a lovely view of the lake and park. 
 
 was exhibited in the Illinois State Building. 
 
THF FLORIDA BUILDING possesses strong individuality and differs widely from any other in the grounds. It emulates the California Building in recalling the 
 . , , America's conquest being a reproduction of the ancient Spanish fortress at St. Augustine which figured m the warfare of three centuries. Its present 
 name-Fort’Marion-was given to it lately, its builders having originally christened it San Juan de Pinos. Instead of munitions of war the fortress is filled with t e 
 peaceful productions of Florida, the exhibit of semi-tropical fruits being especially noticeable. On the building and display $100,000 was expended. 
 
, rHE FACADE OF THE AUSTRIAN SECTION IN THE MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING was one of the interesting objects on 
 *' Columbia Avenue ’ — as the main roadway from north to south was called. It measured 120 feet in length, and the top of the main entrance rose to a height of sixty 
 fwefeet. It was in itself an exhibit of the highest order. The Austrian collection was chiefly remarkable for the great display made by Vienna wood-carvers the 
 exquisite gold, silver, and porcelain wares, textile fabrics, statuettes, etc. 
 

 
 2 * 5 :..'■. '. 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 A GENERAL VIEW OF THE WHITE CITY from the vantage-point afforded by Lake Michigan was beyond all power of description. To the left a monotone 
 t blue water spread away to the horizon, where it met the sky it reflected. On the other hand, snow-white palaces. 8* 
 
 toting the entire gamut of colors, the green of trees and grass obtruding here and there, together formed a scene the like of which never before charmed eye 
 
 12 a 
 
THE VIEW FROM THE DOME OF THE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING is vast and entrancing. The illustration above shows what is to be seen from 
 there when looking toward the northwest. The gaudy coloring of the Transportation Building first catches the eye, near at hand; beyond, towering high, the Ferris 
 Wheel is a striking landmark, the interval being filled with a variety of buildings representing the architecture of nearly every country under the sun. The sculptured 
 group represents “ Fine Arts, and is one of the many beautiful products of Mr. Karl Bitter’s skill that beautify the Administration Building. 
 

 
 THE INTERIOR OF THE MUSIC HALL — especially when decorated for some gala performance, as in the above representation was fully up to the high 
 standard of beauty set by the artists responsible for the erection of the World's Fair buildings. The acoustic properties, also, were admirable. Ihe tamtest 
 whisper could be heard from end to end of the auditorium, and the fortissimo of the entire orchestra caused no echo. There was seating room or , P P 
 besides accommodations for an orchestra of seventy-five pieces and a chorus of 300. 
 
EARTH. The upper figure represents the imposing form of rock and bulk of mountain. The man below rests on 
 
 a mammoth-tooth, and looks at his wife, who is wrestling for fruit with an ape. Thus the earth, at an age when man 
 
 competed with brutes for possession, is exemplified. Mr. Karl Bitter, in this group, produced one of his greatest works. 
 
 It graces the western entrance of the Administration Building. 
 
THE WOODED ISLAND, with its colored flowers and green grass and trees, made a charming foreground for the southward view, which had for a background 
 
 4.1 11 . +1 „„ r1 A rlmini^tration Buildinc flanked by the Electricity Building to the left and the Mines and Mining Building to the right. As will be seen by the 
 
 notice depicted at the right-hand corner of the illustration, the island was used as an exhibition ground for floricultural displays-home and foreign. At night, w en 
 lighted by thousands of colored bulbs, the place was a veritable fairyland. 
 
 12b 
 
THE IRISH VILLAGE under the able management of Mrs. Hart must not be confused with the other mentioned elsewhere. The entrance to this exhibit is 
 through a reproduction of the famous St. Lawrence Gate of Dragheda. Within. Donegal Castle and one of the remarkable round towers built a thousand years ago 
 are also reproduced, besides many other objects dear to the heart and eye of the Irishman. Spinning, weaving, lace-making, working in metals, and other industries Z 
 taught to the Donegal peasants by Mrs. Hart were carried on and the products sold. The many buildings were rich in treasures of Irish art and historic relics 
 
THE VILLAGE STORE, as represented in the Irish Industries.Association's exhibit, is what is met with many times during a day’s journey through the country- 
 parts of the Emerald Isle. The white, gravel-filled plaster on the walls, the straw-thatched roof, the windows glazed with small panes of glass, are all true to life; the 
 pig of fiction being absent as it is in reality. Within, Irish wares were exposed for sale and found ready buyers. 
 
exhibit^ BWy Castes XXZ'S.Sr ° f *° °""?« ° f Aberdeen, proved to be a most intern, 
 
 consideration and after much muscular contortion The famous Trfsli P (< r f n -i ai f .! n ltS almost inaccessible position, where it could be osculated for i 
 
 which represented the doorway of a medieval Irish eastle. A grand displa'y “L made ofTe W6lC ° meS ' " ^ *“ ““ 
 
THE STATUE OF JUSTICE, made of solid silver, six feet in height and 
 weighing 5,000 pounds, was the chief attraction of the exhibit made by Montana 
 in the Mines and Mining Building. The selection of a model for this statue 
 became almost a national question, the honor finally resting on the favorite 
 actress, Miss Ada Rehan. 
 
 THE FOUNTAIN “ INNOCENCE,” exhibited by Mexico in the Horticultural 
 Building, is a delightful piece of sculpture, the graceful pose and true proportions 
 of the figure being exquisite. The purity of thought depicted in the face speaks 
 charmingly of the innocence represented. 
 
OLD EPHRAIM —by which title is known Mr. Kemeys’ life-like representation of a grizzly bear —guards the bridge opposite the southwest comer of the 
 Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. He is depicted just as his quick ear catches some suspicious sound, and he stops to reconnoiter, prepared to fight or fly — 
 probably the former—as circumstances may dictate. Beyond the statue a detail of the molding that ornaments the western fagade of the Manufactures and Liberal 
 Arts Building is well shown. 
 
“A PRAIRIE KING ’’ by which name Mr. Kemeys’ statue of a buffalo is known, stands on the northwest corner of the bridge between Machinery Hall and 
 Agricultural Building. He is an imposing figure, his shaggy, grim frontlet, short, thick horns, and ponderous head lowered menacingly as he paces round, keeping 
 guard at the outskirts of the herd. The sculptor has here nobly perpetuated the form of an animal practically extinct. 
 
THE TEXAS STATE BUILDING was erected through the munificence of the women of that State, who provided $40,000 for the purpose and left the planning of 
 it in the able hands of Mr. J. R. Gordon of San Antonio, who followed the traditions of the Lone Star State and constructed a building Spanish in character. The 
 interior provided many large and handsome as embly rooms, besides many offices and a museum containing interesting historic relics. . The surrounding lawn was 
 tastefully planted with Texas vegetation, including the banana, palm, magnolia, orange, and other rare semi-tropical plants. 
 
™E BUILDING OF INDIA is not directly a government undertaking, it having been erected by the private contributions of merchants in Hindoostan, whose- 
 e or s, owever, were recognized by the rulers of that country in such a manner as to give the enterprise a semi-official character. The building is an exquisite 
 specimen of eastern workmanship, the delicate tracery and graceful outlines being characteristic of the esthetic tendencies of the oriental mind. It contained a rare- 
 collection of Indian productions. 
 
TWP SPANISH GOVERNMENT BUILDING has a favorable location facing Lake Michigan. It is a reproduction-somewhat smaller-of a section of the Silk 
 Ji lS ZSLl building dating back to the year r^-a time previous to the sailing of Columbus. Many relics of the great navigator were 
 xbibtted within its walls, where, also, the offices of the Spanish Commissioners had place, besides reception rooms for the entertainment of visitors. 
 
Africa America and Asia^ 'The EER *%™ L ’ AN D PE ^f AN . THEATER formed an interesting group, illustrating characteristics of three continents, 
 
 A A “ ’ a . d A The Moorish Palace was the home of luxurious ease; the American wheel a marvel of mechanical construction and engineering skill_ 
 
 mental and muscular activity crystallized—while at the Persian Theater dimmed lights, soft music, and sensuous dancing held sway. 
 
THE BIRD’S-EYE VIEW from the promenade on the north end of the roof of the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building embraces a vast variety of 
 architecture. Underfoot the great United States Government Building is spread out; beyond, the Fisheries Building partly hides the Brazilian Building and the Marine 
 Cafe; to the left the Illinois Building edges the waters of the Lagoon which flow on to the classic Art Building that stands out against the misty background of Chicago, 
 •dim in its pall of settling smoke. 
 
 13a 
 
THE LIBBEY GLASS WORKS was one of the few purely American exhibits on the Midway Plaisance. The many processes of glass-making, from the first, 
 when oxide of lead, lime, and sand are mixed, to the last, when the polishing of the finished article takes place, were performed in public. An attractive feature was the 
 glass-blowing, also the glass-spinning, where threads of the material are drawn out so fine that they can be woven into fabrics of strength and beauty fitted for making 
 dresses, napkins, etc. 
 
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 THE CHINESE THEATER, JOSS HOUSE, AND RESTAURANT was an exhibit largely patronized by sight-seers. The theatrical performances were 
 remarkable for the rich and exquisitely colored clothing of the actors and the clever impersonation of female characters by young men. I he orchestra was pronounced 
 by Celestials to be of the first excellence, but to the differently trained ear of the American musician it was not pleasingly harmonious. The Joss House contained an 
 assorted collection of gods of unquestionable omnipotence, if their ferocity of expression was any indication of their power. 
 
THE INTERIOR OF THE CASINO and the stairway leading from the ground floor upward is represented in the above illustration. The ground floor contained 
 baeeas-e-rooms lavatories, parlors, etc., in charge of the Public Comfort Bureau. On the first floor above was a restaurant with a seating capacity for 1,500 persons. 
 The kitchen and a cafe was on the third floor. The Casino was situated at the south end of the Peristyle, and its exterior is described elsewhere m this volume. 
 
THE KING OF THE FORE? 0 —the noble elk —is reproduced with a life-like truth to nature by Mr. A. P. Proctor in his four statues that stand in front of the 
 Administration Building. The arti k !c force with which the graceful form and nervous alertness of the animal are depicted is beyond all criticism. To the left one of 
 Mr. Gelert’s powerful rostral colutrns is seen. The rostra — or prows of ships-are clearly silhouetted, and Neptune, clear-cut against the sky, stands proudly 
 surveying the grand scene surrounding him —the result of discoveries made by his votaries four centuries ago. 
 
Casino and ^lusic H^all"and ^ °» ***** and danked b y the 
 
 looking southeast from the roof of the Manufaetures and Liberal Arts Building. The above illustration rtrikin^SK^^dfele^ ^ CharmS *”* ° bSerVer 
 
THE VIEW FROM THE ROOF OF THE MANUFACTURES AND LIBERAL ARTS BUILDING toward the northeast included the U. S. Naval Exhibit, 
 the British Building, the Clam Bake, the Government buildings of Canada, Spain, and Germany, and underfoot the tents of a military encampment. Lake Michigan, 
 glittering in sunlight or tossed by storm, formed a fitting background to the striking scene. 
 
 13b 
 
THE WORLD’S CONGRESS OF BEAUTIES, as conspicuously stated on the building, was composed of forty ladies from forty lands. The houri of Arabia vied 
 with the blue-eyed blonde of Saxony, the dreamy languor of the daughters of the Orient contrasted with the bright vigor of Western maidens, the vivacity of the French 
 demoiselle with the serene calmness of her German neighbor. It goes without saying it was an exhibition largely patronized by the sterner sex, and at the same time 
 one of deep interest to ladies, from the fact that the national representatives were clothed in habiliments from the establishment of the immortal Worth. 
 
 Exhibit ~ 
 
 LADIES 
 
 World’s oonqbess" of aw*JM s 
 
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THE VENETIAN GLASS WORKS surmounted by the winged lion of St. Mark — the emblem of Venice — was one of the striking buildings on the Midway 
 Plaisance. Thirty artists produced the blown-glass wares for which Venice is famous. Vases, reproductions of art treasures contained in European museums, etchings, 
 mosaics, etc., were made in view of visitors, and proved an exceptionally attractive exhibit. 
 
 
THE ENTRANCE TO THE IRISH VILLAGE, the exhibit of the Irish Industries Association — a society that has done so much toward helping the Irish 
 peasantry to help themselves — is well worthy of special illustration. It is an exact reproduction of the doorway of King Cormac’s chapel at the Rock of Cashel, of 
 historic fame The chapel was built in those days when Ireland was divided among a number of petty kings who were continually at war with each other, and, as is 
 shown by the architecture, the pious Cormac did not forget the question of defensive strength when building his place of worship. The words over the doorway, as 
 explained elsewhere, are Celtic for “A hundred thousand welcomes ! ” 
 
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A ROOM IN A DAMASCUS PALACE reproduced in Jackson Park is the subject of the above illustration. No exhibit at the Fair conveyed a better idea of 
 oriental luxury than this apartment. The odor of rose-water filled the air, soft carpets deadened sound, cushioned divans suggested repose, everything bespoke thought 
 for the comfort of the body, if starvation for the mind. The sudden transition from the bustle and glare of the Fair Grounds to the scented dusk of this room was one 
 of the most startling experiences afforded by the White City. 
 
THE JAVANESE TEA HOUSE, situated in the Javanese Village, on the Midway Plaisance, was a favorite resting-place where lie-ht refresh™^ , + . , , 
 
 The natives understand the making of tea, coffee, and cocoa as few other people do, and they served these products of their island in their mol Hi* T ^ ° 6 • 
 neatness and quietness that were very refreshing after the glare and bustle of the Fair Grounds. Slr darkened hous e with a 
 
THE ENTRANCE TO THE IRISH VILLAGE (Mrs. Hart’s) is a reproduction of the historic St. Lawrence gate of Drogheda, Ireland, which was built in the 
 year 1400, and has since been the scene of many a hard-fought battle. The interior of the village afforded a variety of interesting exhibits, which have been treated of 
 
 elsewhere in this volume. 
 
 14 a 
 

THE EASTERN COLONNADE OF THE FISHERIES BUILDING, which joined the outlying aquarium to the main building, is reproduced above. The 
 details of ornamentation are clearly seen, and show the artistic faithfulness with which Mr. Cobb —the architect of the building —clung to the idea of grouping 
 marine forms to produce effect. The colonnade provided a delightfully cool resting-place during the hot days of summer. 
 
MERCHANT TAILORS' BUILDING is beautifully located on the west edge of the northern extension of the Lagoon. It is a reproduction of one of the Greek 
 temples of the Erectheum at Athens, which was built about the year 410 B. C., planned by Pericles and erected under the supervision of the great sculptor Phidias. It 
 covers a space 94 feet square, and the interior is exquisitely finished in cream and gold, decorated with painted panels representing the eight great historical epochs i 
 beginning with Adam and ending at the present day. 
 
EARTH. A woman proudly holding aloft a crown of pearls and precious stones tells how man forces from the earth all 
 that is exquisite and valuable. Beneath her a strong man is breaking the rock to procure the raw material. At her right is 
 a youth who smilingly carries a basketful of fruit, flowers, and grain. It is one of the delightful groups, the work of Karl 
 Bitter, adorning the Administration Building, and representing the four elements. 
 
LIBERTY BELL, to Americans, was one of the great attractions at the Fair. Its tongue proclaimed to the world the birth of a new liberty more than a 
 century ago, and, though time has not dealt kindly with it, its age-broken tones are dearer to the people of this land than the clearest note chimed by newer bells. 
 It was housed in the Pennsylvania State Building, and guarded day and night by watchmen from that State. 
 
enchantment^haH^producei^bythis^^Sghtful^re^tion of 6 Jdr^cf B 6 AtwoocTs^ 1T /“T ■ ^ to —yin words th, 
 
 for themselves more L>n gly h/far than a^" “e^dfn “* “ — 
 
seen, while to the extreme left is shown a corner of the Administration Burldrng. 
 
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 magnificent a.etfiefi fip JaCt.en Pa* i.datfing a, « fi.e, a panetam, „, ,„. Corn. „, Hen,Xfi’e" "»' “* ““ 
 
A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE FAIR GROUNDS from the roof of the McKay Spectatorium, as shown above, included practically all the buildings in 
 Jackson Park. The varied architecture and tinting, the domes silhouetted against the sky, the green grass and trees, and the blue waters of Lake Michigan together 
 formed a combination of form and color with certainty surpassing anything else the world can show to-day. 
 
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 NEW LIBERTY BELL. This illustration fittingly closes this series of World's Pair Views. Relics of past wars weaoons made for tho = 1 =, , ut t , 
 brother man, bullets molded for his death, have been fashioned into this full-toned bell whose tongue proclaims liberty and commands men toK2Z The 
 metal does not now vibrate to the sound of battle and shock of shot and shell, but sweetly chimes a song of peace and good will to the nations gathered inharmonic 
 concord among the snowy palaces of the White City. May its hymn long guide men, and Chicago prove to have been the birthplace of a new Liberty feading to eternal peace