T 
 
Digitized by tine Internet Arcliive 
 in 2014 
 
 littps://arcliive.org/details/annalsofworsliipfOOwill 
 
1^ I 
 
ANNALS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 WORSHIPFUL COMPANY 
 
 OF 
 OF THE 
 
 CITY OF LONDOlSr. 
 
 COMPILED, WITH NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM MEADE WILLIAMS, 
 
 Master 1852-3 and 18S3-4. 
 
 TUBAL-CAIN, 
 
 An Instructor of every Artificer in Brass. — Genesis iv. 22. 
 
 (PRIVATELY PRINTED.) 
 
PRINTED BY W. H. BOOSEY AND CO., ST. MARY-AT-HILL, E.G. 
 
MASTER, WARDENS, AND COURT OF ASSISTANTS 
 
 OP THE 
 
 THESE ANNALS, 
 PRINTED AT THEIR REQUEST, 
 ARE PRESENTED WITH MUCH ESTEEM, 
 
 BY THEIR 
 FRIEND AND BROTHEK, 
 
 WILLIAM MEADE WILLIAMS. 
 
 Highbury Crescent, 
 Jtihj, 1867. 
 
PEEFACE. 
 
 From my earliest connection with the Company it 
 was a matter of regret that I could gain no infor- 
 mation as to its history, and my curiosity^ perhaps, 
 thereby became a deeper feeling. The loye to trace 
 the links that connect ns with the past, and to make 
 acquaintance with the names and history of those 
 of our fellow citizens of former days, is one of 
 man's most natural instincts. Circumstances, well 
 known to most of you, which occurred shortly after 
 my installation as Master, gave me during two 
 eventful years " the desired opportunity of looking 
 through our own records, and induced me also to con- 
 sult the archives of the Corporation of London, where 
 I found the register of the application of the Master 
 and Wardens for Ordinances, A.D. 1365, proving, 
 satisfactorily, that the origin of the Company may be 
 dated back to an earlier period. An Act was passed, 
 
vi. 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 37tli Edward III., A.D. 1363, which ordained " that 
 all artificers and people of mysteries shall each choose 
 his own mystery before the next Candlemas, and that 
 having so chosen it, he shall henceforth use no other." 
 Here, says Macaulay, commences the history of the 
 English nation. 
 
 Very many extracts from the Corporation records 
 will be found in the accompanying work, all of which 
 are distinguished by the Regnal Year^ in addition to 
 the civil or historical year, as also by a reference to 
 the particular Letter-book, Journal, orEepertory, from 
 which they have been taken. In respect to the 
 
 Annals themselves, I can only lay claim to some 
 industry in their compilation, mastering, as well as 
 I could, the difficulties of antiquated penmanship and 
 the orthography of the old court books, and others of 
 the early, fraternities, sometimes written either in 
 I^orman French, intermixed with abbreviated Latin, 
 or in the vernacular of Chaucer's days. I am fully 
 sensible that the work abounds with faults of 
 omission and commission; already I feel that if it 
 was to be done again, it should be done with clearer 
 views of what was required, or it should not be 
 done at all. It must also be remembered, that this 
 is the first attempt at any account of the Founders' 
 Company based upon authentic documents ; that the 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 vii. 
 
 time actually required in its compilation has been 
 taken from business pursuits in which I was actively 
 engaged ; and these not of a literary character. 
 None but those who are acquainted with ancient 
 documents can form the slightest idea of the number 
 of hours expended in elucidating their meaning, and 
 frequently with most unimportant results : instead of 
 when found make a note of," it too frequently 
 happens, after long, patient, and tedious investigation, 
 that the " note when found " is not worth making 
 at all. 
 
 At the present day it would be idle for me to dilate 
 upon the advantages of the Livery Companies of 
 London to the well-being of society, and their con- 
 nexion with British and foreign commerce. If we 
 consider only the influence and power which they 
 exercised in former times on behalf of the civil and 
 religious liberties of the nation, we may well com- 
 mend the far-sighted policy of the third Edward in 
 fostering and encouraging such institutions. 
 
 The Founders, as a small Company, have never 
 taken any prominent part in the passing turmoils or 
 political struggles of the day. As a corporate body 
 it has unostentatiously endeavoured to perform its 
 own prescribed duties, in relieving its poorer brethren, 
 in settling disputes, and punishing those dishonest 
 
viii. 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 members of the trade who were found acting contrary 
 to its standing Ordinances. 
 
 It will be observed, that the subject of weights, 
 which for nearly 300 years has formed the most im- 
 portant portion of the duties of the Company, is not 
 found in the early Ordinances, the first intimation 
 thereof being under date 1584 — 5 (page 66), Payd 
 for writing of a suplycatyon to the Maior about the 
 Waights." Considerable alarm and distrust had arisen 
 at this period from the loss of the legal standards ; 
 the Charter, which was granted thirty years after, is 
 thus prefaced — Whereas it is parte of our regall 
 office to see our people justlie dealt withall, and to 
 take care that in Waights and Measures our subjects 
 doe deal one with another after a true proportion, 
 wherein as we are informed there is a great abuse.'' 
 In the body of the work will be found the principal 
 matters in our own books relating to the subject ; but 
 these being very imperfect I had to seek further 
 information elsewhere, hence a large mass of curious 
 and interesting matter has thus accumulated, but 
 its elucidation, condensation, and arrangement, would 
 require very much time and great labour. Its pub- 
 lication may take place at a future period, but I 
 deemed it inexpedient for that object to incur further 
 delay in sending out the present volume. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 ix. 
 
 The taskj though somewhat laborious, has been a 
 labour of love, inasmuch as it has made me thoroughly 
 sensible of the progress made by the Society in its 
 later years. Most heartily do I indeed congratulate 
 my brother Founders that the monies advanced by 
 Members of the Court for the purchase of our present 
 location (referred to at page 209) have been repaid, and 
 that by careful and judicious management the valuable 
 unencumbered freehold property in St. S within' s Lane 
 is our own. 
 
 Participating most heartily in the sentiments of 
 Eichard Wioley, that " the whole body may live in 
 unity, concord, and brotherly love," I cannot breathe 
 a better and more appropriate prayer for the well 
 being of the fellowship than by fervently reciting the 
 grace which is made on all festive occasions : — May 
 God preserve the Church, — the Queen, — and grant 
 prosperity to the Worshipful Company of Founders." 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 HISTORICAL ESSAY 1 to 42 
 
 GENERAL HISTORY 43 to 189 
 
 THE HALL 191 to 209 
 
 ARMED WATCH, PAGEANTS, &c 211 to 239 
 
 BENEFACTIONS 241 to 259 
 
ILLUSTEATIONS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 ST. CLEMENT (Frontispiece). 
 ILLUMINATED TITLE. 
 
 ARMS OF THE COMPANY 1 
 
 ANNIVERSARY TICKET 186 
 
 FOUNDERS' HALL 191 
 
 MARBLE TABLET 206 
 
 MURAL TABLET 209 
 
 ROSETTE 239 
 
 MASER BOWLS 243 
 
 HUMPHRY BOWIN'S SPOON 245 
 
 VENETIAN DRINKING GLASS 247 
 
 POOR'S BOX 249 
 
 TANKARDS 251 
 
HISTOKICAL ESSAY. 
 
 )HE Livery Companies of London derive their origin 
 from the early associations termed Guilds, and were 
 either ecclesiastical or secular. Ecclesiastical Guilds 
 were for devotion and alms deeds : Secular Guilds were 
 for trade and alms deeds : both in ancient times were 
 
 distinguished by various religious observances. 
 
 By degrees the offices of the Guilds were extended, and 
 undertook to enforce for one another those rights which the 
 law neglected. One of the first occupations added to con- 
 viviaUty was the superintendence of the burial of members ; 
 the assistance of the Clergy being necessary on those occasions, 
 the payment of Soul Shot,* and a certain sum for Masses, were 
 among the earliest recognised charges on the corporate funds. 
 
 Guilds are spoken of in the reign of Henry 11. as common 
 institutions. In the same reign the History of the Exchequer 
 gives a list of eighteen of the London Guilds which were 
 amerced as adulterine Guilds, or set up without the king^s 
 license. This afibrds another proof of the Guilds being 
 numerous at this time, for we can only suppose a part of them 
 
 * Or soul scot, an ancient funeral fee for a requiem for the soul of one deceased. 
 
 B 
 
2 
 
 to have subjected themselves to this penalty. These Guilds so 
 amerced are described in various ways, sometimes by the 
 name of their Alderman, sometimes by their trade, and in 
 other instances from their patron saint or locality. 
 
 The City's jurisdiction over the Companies appears to have 
 existed long before the latter were admitted to any exclusive 
 monopoly of municipal rights, though such monopoly soon 
 followed, for with Edward II. we discern the first authentic 
 mention of the mercantile nature of the civic constitution of 
 London, and of the mercantile qualification requisite in the 
 candidates for admission to the freedom of the City. By one 
 of a number of Articles of regulation ordained by the Citizens 
 for their internal government, which Articles were confirmed 
 by the King and incorporated into a Charter, it was provided 
 that no person, whether an inhabitant of the City or otherwise, 
 should be admitted into the Civic Freedom unless he was a 
 Member of one of the Trades or Mysteries^ or with the 
 full consent of the whole commonalty convened ; except that 
 Apprentices might still be admitted according to the accustomed 
 forms. Before this, no mention occurs of any mercantile 
 qualification to entitle the householder to his admission to the 
 Corporation. 
 
 The reign of Edward III.,* the great dawn of the Fine Arts 
 and of Commerce, gave birth to an entire reconstruction of the 
 trading fraternities, which now generally assuming a distinctive 
 dress or livery, came to be called Livery Companies. The 
 alterations under this reconstruction were numerous. Amongst 
 the principal may be reckoned their change of name from 
 Guilds to Crafts and Mysteries, and the substituting for the old 
 title of Alderman, that of Master or Warden, — the name of 
 Alderman being now restricted to the head of the City Ward. 
 A more important change for the interest of the Companies 
 
 * The 13tli and 14tli centuries may be considered, in regard to society, as the 
 English Middle Ages, the age of Feudalism in its English form.— Wright's 
 Domestic Manners^ 1862, p. 8. 
 
3 
 
 was their being at this time first generally chartered, or h aving 
 those pri^dleges confirmed by Letters Patent, which they had 
 before only exercised through sufi*erance. Aggregate bodies 
 were deemed to have perpetual succession without being 
 incorporated. The incorporations of Edward III. were, how- 
 ever, only partial, they had no grant at this time of a Common 
 Seal, nor, generally, liberty to accept or buy lands, to sue or to 
 be sued, or to enjoy various other liberties necessary to esta- 
 blish them full incorporations as at present. 
 
 The public records aff'ord us the earliest notice of the 
 Companies on their being Chartered, and amongst them we 
 find the names and other particulars of all, or most of the 
 Companies, then in existence. The document which furnishes 
 this information is an account, in Latin, of the names and 
 sums received by the City Chamberlain from thirty- two different 
 Companies, as gifts to the King towards carrying on his French 
 wars, and throws much additional light on the state and nature 
 of the Metropolitan trade fraternities at this early period, 
 37th Edward IIL, A.D. 1363. 
 
 In 49th Edward III. an enactment passed the whole assem- 
 bled commonalty of the City, by which the right of election 
 to all City dignitaries and offices, including Members of Parlia- 
 ment, was transferred from the ward representatives to the 
 trading Companies, and in them it continued until a recent 
 period. By a subsequent act of Common Council it was 
 opened to all Liverymen of Companies generally. 
 
 By a list, in Norman French, of the number of persons 
 chosen by the several Mysteries to be of the Common Council 
 the next year (1376, 50th Edward III.), it appears the Com- 
 panies sending members in pursuance of this Ordinance were 
 increased from thirty- two to forty-eight. This list contains the 
 names of every Company,* with its proportion of members, and 
 furnishes on other accounts matter for curious observation. 
 The whole forty-eight Companies returned exactly 148 mem- 
 
 * The two members noted for the Founders are Will. Gosrich and Will Wollerich. 
 
 B 2 
 
4 
 
 bers, of these the principal ones sent six, the secondary four, 
 and the minor Companies two. Amongst the latter are the 
 Founders.* 
 
 The earliest notice of the Founders, with which it has been 
 my good fortune to meet, occurs in the Letter Books at 
 Guildhall, containing the proceedings of the Courts of 
 Aldermen and Common Council, from the year 1276, 
 4th Edward I. Under date — 
 
 1365 Z^th Edward III. July2Q. AdamdeBury,Mmor,Lib.G.fo.l59. 
 
 " Petition to the Maior and Aldermen from the Good Men. 
 
 ♦ Number of Persons clioseii by the several Mysteries to be of the Common 
 Council. 
 
 1376. 
 Grossers 
 Mercers 
 Drape's- 
 Pesson''^ 
 Orfev^'s 
 Vyntrs 
 TaiUors 
 Sellars 
 Webbers 
 Tapicers 
 Leathersell''s 
 Foundo^s 
 Joigno^s 
 Chaundel's 
 Fullo^s 
 Curreo^'s 
 
 50th Edward III. WardCy Maior y 
 
 Freemasons 
 
 Bracks 
 
 Fleech'-s 
 
 Bakers 
 
 PeU's 
 
 Zona'r 
 
 Tinctores 
 
 Burillo's 
 
 Hab'rdash'"s 
 
 Brasiers 
 
 Sale's 
 
 Capellar 
 
 Peutr's 
 
 Brewers (Ales) 
 Hurra's 
 Fabr^m 
 
 2 
 5 
 2 
 2 
 6 
 4 
 4 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 4 
 2 
 2 
 2 
 
 12 2 
 ^3 6 
 
 Lib. H. fo. 466. 
 Homrs 
 Masons 
 Ir^mong^s 
 Allucar 
 Armurerz 
 Boch'rs 
 
 CulteUa IS 
 
 Sporiers 
 
 Plom^s 
 
 "Wax Chaund^'s 
 Tonsores 
 Peynt's 
 Tann'-s 
 
 Pouche Mak's 
 
 Wodmong'"s 
 
 Pynn''s 
 
 Explanatory Notes to the above. 
 
 1. Fishmongers 
 
 2. Goldsmiths 
 
 3. Saddlers 
 
 4. Tapestry Weavers 
 
 5. Brewers 
 
 6. Skinners 
 
 7. Girdlers 
 
 8. Stainers 
 
 9. Cloth Measurers 
 
 10. Cappers 
 
 11. Pewterers 
 
 12. Hatters. 
 
 13. Smiths 
 
 14. Leather Dressers 
 
 15. Cutlers 
 
 16. Spurriers 
 
 17. Barbers 
 
 18. Wood Sawyers 
 
6 
 
 of the Mystery* of the Founders of the City of London/' for 
 their Ordinances, which were granted at the above date, and 
 ordered to be enrolled in the Rolls, Guildhall. 
 
 " J ohn de Lincoln, elected and sworn Master, and presented 
 to the Mayor and Aldermen.'^f 
 
 The petition, which is in Norman French, is as follows : — J 
 " To the honorable and right worthy Masters the Maior 
 and Aldermen of the City of London. 
 
 The good Men of the Mystery of Founders complain, that 
 whereas some of the said Mystery do work and make their 
 works of false metal and false solder, so that their said work, 
 to wit. Candlesticks, Buckles, Straps, and other such like 
 articles, when exposed to fire or great strain, crack, break, and 
 dissolve, to the peril and damage of those who purchase them, 
 and to the great slander of the City and the whole Mystery : 
 Wherefore the good Men aforesaid pray, that it may please 
 
 * Madox, Firma Burgi, p. 32, says " In England men have been told, that in 
 regard there is some Mystery in every trade, therefore a trade is called a 
 Mystery/' That writer, however, rejects the idea of their being any affinity 
 between the secrets of the trades and the term Mystery in the common accepta- 
 tion of the word, and derives the custom of calling the Companies Mysteries from 
 the French, who he says use the word Mestiere " for a craft, calling, or 
 employment. In a Venetian statute (1519) mention is made of the crafts or 
 trades in their City by the name of Mestieri. The term was applied to the trade 
 Guilds by the ancestors of Edward III. Tom Brown very facetiously jokes on 
 this word, in a letter which he purports to have been sent from an old Vintner in 
 the City to a new one set up in Covent Garden. The Trade of a Vintner, he 
 assures him " is a perfect Mystery," for that is the term, he observes, which 
 the law bestows on it. 
 
 t In accordance with the pious custom of the period, a Priest or Chaplain was 
 most probably elected at the same time to celebrate divine offices for their 
 souls' welfare. — SeaWs Grocers^ Company, p. 41. 
 
 X The following form of Oath was taken by all the "Wardens or other Principals 
 before their admission to office : — 
 
 Oath of the Wardens of Crafts. 
 
 " Ye shall swere that ye shall wele and treuly ov'see the Craft of 
 
 whereof ye be chosen Wardeyns for the yeere. And all the goode reules and 
 ordyn'nces of the same Craft that hath been approved here be the Court, and 
 noon other, ye shal kepe and doo to be kept. And all the defautes that ye finds 
 
6 
 
 your right worthy Masterships to grant, That the points under 
 written may be conceded, allowed, and by you accepted and 
 enrolled in the Chamber of Guildhall. 
 
 In the first place, That no Man of the said Mystery shall 
 work in the said Mystery, or do any Work unless it be of good 
 Metal. 
 
 " That no one shall make any Stirrups, Buckles, or Spurs, 
 unless of the best and finest Metal that can be found or 
 obtained, and of Metal that will not break, and no other. 
 
 That no one of the said Mystery shall solder any Candle- 
 sticks with white Solder, or make Candlesticks, Lavers, Pots, or 
 other things with any pieces soldered thereto, but such things 
 as in reason ought to be soldered, such as the pipes of Layers 
 and other like articles. 
 
 " Also, That all the Work in the said Mystery called 
 Closwork* shall be made of good, fine, and pure Metal, and no 
 other. 
 
 Also, That no one of the said Mystery shall make any 
 manner of moulding, or work in the said Mystery by Night, 
 or on Saturday, or on the Vigil of a double Feast, when the 
 Vigil shall begin after the hour of none (3 o'clock) tolled at 
 the Church where he resides. 
 
 Also, That no man that is not of the Mystery abovesaid, 
 shall receive or put any Servant, Apprentice,t or hired person, 
 
 in the same Craft ydon to the Chambleyn of Citee for the tyme heyng, ye 
 shal wele and treuly p'sente. Sparyng noo man for favour, ne grevyng noo 
 p'sone for hate. Extorcion ne wrong, under colour of your office ye shal non doo, 
 nethir to noo thing that shalbe ayenst the state, peas, and profite of oure Soveryn 
 Lord the Kyng, or to the Citee, ye shall not consente ; but for the tyme that ye 
 shall be in office, in all things that shalbe longyng unto the same craft after the 
 lawes and franchises of the seide Citee welle and laufuUy ye shall have you. 
 So helpe you God and all seyntes, &c.'* — Herbert, Livery Companies, i. 35. 
 
 * Closwork, to unite the parts of a breach or fracture. A Closer is one who 
 finishes, or concludes a piece of work. 
 
 t Many were the Bye-Laws and Eegulations by which these interests were 
 secured, but none were so decisively effectual as those by which long 
 apprenticeships were ordained. The scion thus grafted upon the stock of 
 monopoly was, like the parent plant itself, originally of foreign growth ; but very 
 
7 
 
 of the same Mystery to work with him in the said Mystery, 
 on pain of paying to the Chamber each liftie he shall be 
 attainted or convicted thereof, Forty Shillings. 
 
 " Also, That no one of the said Mystery coming to the said 
 City, shall be suffered to keep a House or Shop unless he be 
 first examined by the Masters of the said Mystery, who are 
 elected and sworn to govern such Mystery, whether he be able, 
 and sufficient, and knowing in the said Mystery, to have such 
 state or not. And if he be able, sufficient, and knowing, 
 That they may cause him to come before you to enfranchise 
 him by the Masters abovesaid and not by others, so that they 
 may know him to be good sufficient and profitable to the 
 common people and to the City, under the same pain. 
 
 " Also, That no man of the said Mystery, under the said 
 pain, shall receive any one to work in the said Mystery as a 
 hired person before he be tried and proved by the Masters 
 abovesaid, whether he be able to work in the said Mystery as 
 a hired person or not, and it be adjudged by the said Masters 
 what he shall receive by the day ; and if he shall be found not 
 able or knowing in the said Mystery, that he be ousted thereof 
 if he will not be apprentice. 
 
 soon became, in most mercantile Corporations in England, the only branch -which 
 produced the fruit of civic freedom. It is remarkable, however, that although 
 service by apprenticeship became by degrees the regular and more usual path to 
 enfranchisement in London, this burthensome progress was never universally 
 established amongst the trading companies, or as of absolute necessity in the 
 civic Corporation itself. Any inhabitant, or even stranger, might and may still 
 be admitted a member of many, if not most, of the Companies ; and also to the 
 freedom of the City, by virtue of his title by birth or patrimony, or he might 
 become a candidate for admission, either by donation, or upon a pecuniary 
 payment usually exacted on such occasions. In the latter case he became 
 free by what is called Eedemption, an expression implying the purchased 
 acquisition of the more authentic title. — Norton's Commentaries on London, p. 138. 
 
 In the reign of King John apprenticeship service does not appear to have been 
 common, if indeed it had been introduced at all in England. It is probable it 
 came into general use during the succeeding reign of Henry III., for apprentices 
 both to trades and to the law are noticed in records of the reign of Edward I. 
 —-Ibid, p. 139. 
 
8 
 
 Also, if any Master of the said Mystery and his Varlet or 
 Servant shall disagree by reason of any contention between 
 them, That no other Master of the said Mystery shall be so 
 daring as to place or procure such Varlet or Servant to be 
 put to any work until the Master and Varlet be reasonably 
 reconciled. 
 
 " Also, if any Varlet or Servant of the said Mystery has 
 served his Master in the said Mystery for any certain term 
 or covenant made between them, and no defaulte shall be 
 found in the Varlet or Servant, and the Master through malice 
 will not pay to such Varlet or Servant his salary for his service 
 according to the Covenant made between them, or that the 
 Master will compel him to serve contrary to his will beyond 
 his Covenant, well and lawfully fulfilled, that then the said 
 Master shall suffer the penalty above written. 
 
 " Also, if any Varlet or Servant of the said Mystery shall 
 be found in any default towards his Master, whether by the 
 deceit or enticement of another, or by his own malice, he 
 may be punished at the discretion of the Mayor and Aldermen 
 according to the degree of the trespass. 
 
 Also, That no one of the said Mystery shall be so daring 
 to procure any Servant, Hired person, or Apprentice, out of the 
 service of his Master before the Covenant made between them 
 shall be fully performed ; and if any one do so, and shall be 
 convicted thereof, he shall pay to the Chamber each time he 
 shall be attainted thereof. Forty Shillings. 
 
 Also, That two or three of the best Men of the said 
 Mystery may be selected and sworn to watch and oversee the 
 whole Mystery, and present to you all the default they may 
 reasonably find in the said Mystery.* 
 
 * That this power was really beneficial, and therefore necessary, is evident 
 from the petition of the Wax Chandlers' Company, where they say that their 
 Craft is " greatly slandered of all the good folk of the said Craft and of the 
 City, for that they have not Masters sworn of the said Craft " before the Mayor 
 and Aldermen, as other Crafts have, to oversee the defaults which be in their 
 said Craft. 
 
9 
 
 Also, That if any one of the said Mystery, be he Master 
 or Servant shall be found rebellious or opposing to the said 
 Masters elected and sworn, so that they cannot duly make 
 their search in the said Mystery, he shall suffer the pain 
 heretofore ordained in such case. 
 
 Also, That all the work of the said Mystery that may be 
 found falsely wrought, or of false and brittle Metal, may be 
 forfeited to the Chamber, in whose hands soever it may be 
 found. 
 
 " Also, That the Masters elected and sworn together with a 
 Sergeant of the Chamber, may have power to make their 
 search as well over those who are not of the said Mystery, 
 and have articles touching the same Mystery to sell, as those 
 who are of such Mystery.'' 
 
 1391 15th Richard 11. Mar. 25. Hende, Maior, Lib. H. fo. 262. 
 
 Thomas Grace and Robert Newman elected Masters of 
 the Mystery of the Founders, and presented to the Mayor and 
 Aldermen of the Citie of London in the Chamber, to see the 
 carrjdng out of the Ordinances.'' 
 
 1487 ^rd Henry VII. Feb. 1. Home, Maior, Jor. 9, fo. 163. 
 
 " This day it was agreed* that the Wardens of the City 
 shall not make Ordinances unless they are approved and 
 ratified by the Maior and Aldermen for the time being ; and 
 the Wardens of certain Companies brought in their Book of 
 
 * In an argument of the Corporation of London against the granting of fresh 
 privileges to the Tallow Chandlers' Company, as to their right of Trade Search, 
 it was averred " that the Maior and Aldermen of the City and all other, the 
 chief governors thereof and their predecessors, always time out of mind, had, 
 and used to have, the view, search, and direction of all mysteries and crafts 
 within the City, for and concerning all manner of deceits and defaults in all 
 things touching their mysteries," which was to be proved, as well by the daily 
 usage, as also by a great number of records and precedents of the said City. — 
 Strype's Stow, 1720, ii. 211. Herbert, i. 47. 
 
10 
 
 Ordinances, which, not being approved of, were cancelled, and 
 the leaves on which they were written, torn out/' It may be 
 presumed that the Founders' Ordinances were of the latter 
 description, as the next entry relating to the Company is as 
 follows : — 
 
 1489 ^th Henry VIL April 2. Whyte, Maior, Lib. L. fo. 278. 
 
 Memorandum. — The Wardens and other Good Men of 
 the Craft or Mystery of the Founders within the Citie of 
 London came into the Inner Chamber of the Guyldhall of 
 London before William White, Maior of the same Citie and 
 his Brethren the Aldermen, and exhibited and put unto them 
 a Bill or Supplication, the tenor whereof foUoweth in these 
 words : — 
 
 To the Hon. the Lord Maior, &c., 
 " Mekely beseech^ your good Lordshippes and Mastershippes, 
 the gode folks of the Crafte of Founders of the Citie of 
 London, That it wold please your sayd Lordshippes and 
 Mastershippes for the wele and gode rule to be had and kepte 
 in the same Crafte, to graunt and establishe these Articles 
 underwritten, from hensforth to be observed and kepte. 
 
 1st. — That every Brother of the Crafte shall attend and 
 wayte upon the Wardens upon due warninge by the Bedell. 
 Also to wayte upon the Maior, Aldermen, and Sheriffs, at such 
 tymes and seasons as has ben accustomed upon payne of vi^- as 
 often as any of them is found doing contrary without reasonable 
 excuse, the fine of vi"^* so paid, the one half to the use of the 
 Chamber, the other halfe to the use of the Crafte. 
 
 2nd. — Keeping of Masses, Burying of poor Brethren and 
 other dede of Almes, and charge every Brother pay yerely his 
 Quarterage to the Wardens. Every brother of the Clothing 
 iii^- a Quarter. Every Householder not of the Clothing ii^- a 
 Quarter. Every Journeyman i^- a Quarter, upon payne to 
 pay xii^' one halfe to the Chamber, the other halfe to the use 
 of the Crafte. 
 
11 
 
 " 3rd. — Every Brother of the Clothing, as [also] not of the 
 Clothing, to attend upon the Wardens at S*- Lawrence Church, 
 Old Jewry, on the feste of the Assumption of our Ladye,* there 
 to have a Solemn Masse unless upon reasonable excuse, upon 
 payne to forfeit vi^- to be divided as aforesaid. 
 
 " 4th. — That if any Brother be misruled or of evil will and 
 malice> to revile, call, or rebuke the Wardens or any other of 
 the Crafte being in the Livery, to lye to him, or unfittinge 
 language, &c., in the presence of the Wardens, &c., and 
 being duly convicted, shall pay at every tyme iii^- iiij^- to the 
 use aforesaid. 
 
 5th. — That it shall be lawful to every Brother of the 
 Craft, being out of the Clothing, that is able with his own stuff 
 and goodes to teche and finde an Apprentice, to have one and 
 no more at once, except he shew his Complaynt to the Chamb^ln, 
 and if he find him perfect and able, to have Uvo Apprentices and no 
 more, if the Chambl^- will admyt him. Those of the Clothing 
 to have two Apprentices and no more at once. And to him 
 that has been Warden iij and no more. The Upper Warden 
 to have iiij and no more at once. Every Brother of the same 
 having no more Apprentices above rehearsed, at any time that 
 any Apprentice goeth out of his tyme, to take another ij years 
 before out of his tyme, if one die to take another, so that he has 
 not above the number aforesaid after his degree. Who doth, 
 to the contrary shall, at every tyme he doth so, forfeit xx^- to 
 the use aforesaid. 
 
 " 6th. — Every Brother taking any Apprentice shall present 
 the same unto the Wardens ere he be bounde, so that he may 
 
 * Assumption of the Virgin Mary, 15th August. 
 
 " The Blessed Virgin Marie's feast hath here his place and time, 
 Wherein, departing from the Earth, she did the Heavens clime ; 
 Great bundles then of hearbes to church the people fast doo beare, 
 The which against all hurtfull things the priest doth hallow theare." 
 
 Bamabe Googe, Popish Kingdom^ p. 65. 
 
12 
 
 see he be right bounde for the Worshippe of the Citie, upon payne 
 of iii^- iiij^' as often as any p'sone doth to the contrary, to the 
 use aforesaid ; any Act or Ordinance concerning the matter 
 of this Article afore this made of any greater penalty than is 
 in the same Article expressed notwithstanding. 
 
 7th. — That every Brother going to any Feyre to the which 
 he shalbe by the s^ Wardens assigned unto him, shall shew 
 his Wares unto the Wardens ere he pack them ; the said 
 Wares to be allowed by the Wardens to be able and suflGicient 
 for the King's liege people, upon payne of iii^- iiij^- to the use 
 ♦ aforesaid ; any other Acte afore this made concerning the 
 
 matter of this Article notwithstanding. 
 
 " 8th. — No Brother no tyme from hensforth shall vexe, sue, 
 or trouble any Brother within the Citie, nor without the Citie, 
 without special license of the said Wardens, upon payne 
 of iii^- iiijd. to the use aforesayd. 
 
 9th. — If any Brother of the sayd Crafte pay not their 
 Quarterage as is aforesaid, or disobey, or do the contrarie to 
 any of these Articles before specified: — That no Brother from 
 hensforth put himself to work until such tyme he come to the 
 Wardens, and there submyt himself to obey and fulfill all 
 such Awarde and Judgment the Wardens shall shew hym, 
 upon payn to pay iij^- iiij^- to be employed in manner 
 aforesayd. 
 
 " The Bill above agreed to unanimously, and ordered to be 
 entered in record by the Court of Aldermen." 
 
 1491 7th Eenry VIL Dec. 1. Clopton, Maior, Jor. 9, fo. 282. 
 
 This day it is commanded to the Maister and Wardeyns to 
 see that good rule be kept among their Feelishippes, and that 
 the same Maister and Wardeyns shall call their FeeHshippes 
 afore them, and to shew theym the same Commandment, 
 observing that they keep a due order for them and their 
 servants." 
 
13 
 
 1497 im Henry VIL Oct. 5. Tate, Maior, Lib, if. fo. 3. 
 
 A petition of a similar character with reference to Apprentices, 
 and also for the comfort and relief of the poore, impotent, 
 and gode people of the same. Forasmuche as your sayd 
 Besechers ben poore Handy craftsmen, not having any Landes, 
 Tenements, or other Livelihood or Godes in comon to relyve 
 the poor people of the same Crafte fallinge into povertye, 
 impotence, and grett age — that every Brother taking an 
 Apprentice shall present him to the Wardeyns afore he be 
 bounde, so that he may see and understande that he be free 
 bom and hole of lym for the worship of this Citie, and pay 
 towards the reliefe of the poor people of the sayd Crafte, now 
 beyng or hereafter to be iij^- iiij^* sterling." 
 
 1498 " Item. — P<i for the Copie of a draught for a Corpora'con 
 for the Crafte x^ " 
 
 1508 24:th Henry VIL Oct. 26. Aylmer, Maior, Jor. 11, fo. 51. 
 
 " By the asente and consente of all the hooUe feloshippe 
 both Olde and Yonge. Praying the Wardens to labor on to 
 the Lord Chancellor to have ouer Acts and Rules corrected, 
 that the Crafte myte be harmless agenst the Kyng our 
 Soveryng Lord, nottewithestandyng oon of the semplesse 
 persons of all the feleshippe hoose name is John Sandeforde of 
 evyll and grett melesse, presented the Wardens into the Cheker, 
 for that they had made an Acte contrary to the P^lement, 
 whereuppon they were trydde by the Law, which gave the 
 Crafte grett coste and put the Wardens in grett fer, that they 
 dorste not do no ponychement in the time of ther yer, nor 
 gader no quarterage, nor take no mony for ablyng of no 
 prentysses, Whereuppon the Wardens take nothyng to help 
 the charge upon the aforesayd matter." 
 
 Money spent in the Cheker the first terme 
 
 Sum Tottalle iiiji- x»- v^-" 
 
14 
 
 1508 2Uh Henry VIL Oct 26. Aylmer, Maior, Jor. 11, /o. 51. 
 
 " The award of Sir Lawrence Aylmer Lord Maior as to great 
 variance and discord in the Founders Company. 
 
 " Be it remembered that lately there hath been great 
 variance and discord between the Wardens and other the 
 Livery of the sayd Crafte on the one parte, and the Yeomanry 
 on the other parte, as well for the Custodie of certain plate, 
 Napyre,* Money, and other Juells belongyng to the said Crafte 
 as for other Misdemeanours : Know ye, We, the said Sir 
 Lawrence, willing to reduce both the said parties to a good 
 concord and from hensforth for a perpetuall peace to be hadde 
 betwene them, &c.. Have called both the sayd parties affore 
 me, and w* good delibera'con have herd the greves and 
 complaynts of bothe the parties aforesaid, and have decreed 
 and awarded in manner and fourme following : Forasmuch as 
 the plate belongyng to the said Crafte in time past hath been 
 soldo by them that had it in their kepyng, Firste, I awarde 
 that all the Plate, Money, N"apyre, and other Juells belongyng 
 to the saide Crafte of Founders, shall from hensforth remayne 
 in a Chest with iiij Locks & iiij Keyes, three of the sayd 
 Keyes shall ev'rmore remayne in iij of the Wardens handes 
 for the tyme beyng. And that the said Chest shall stand in 
 St. Margaret^s Church, Lothbury, in S^- Clement's Chapel f in 
 the same Church, where the sayd Crafte have yerely there 
 Masse for the Brethren and Sisters of the sayd Fealship 
 of Founders. And the same Chest to be taken out of the 
 sayd Chapel at all tymes at the pleasure of the Wardens and 
 Fealship of the sayd Craft for the tyme beyng. 
 
 Also, I award that yerely, as well at the Elections of the 
 New Wardens, as at the tyme of makyng up the Old Wardens 
 Accompts, that the Wardens for the time beyng, $ shall call 
 
 * Table Linen. 
 
 t St. Margaret, Lothbury, bad three chantry Chapels. Newcourfs Repertorium^ 
 i. 400. 
 
 X The first hint of Assistants in the Livery Companies occurs in the records 
 of the Grocers, under the year 1379 : — 
 
 At y« furst congregacyon of y^ Wardeyns there shal be chosin six of y« 
 
15 
 
 unto them vi of the Yeomanry which they shall think the 
 most notable and convenient, to here the Old Wardens 
 Accompts, forasmuch as they be Members of the sayd 
 Fealiship. And that yerely at the sayd Accompt makyng, the 
 4*^ key of the sayd Chest shal be delyvred to oon of the sayd 
 vi p'sonnes which shall be thought by them most able and 
 convenient to have the custody of the sayd Key. 
 
 " Also, I award that the Old Wardens shall yerely at the 
 ende of their Accompts call all persons of the sayd Craft afore 
 them, and cause the Ordinances granted unto them by the 
 Maior and Aldermen to be red unto them, so that they shall 
 not rune into no wylful disobedience for lakke of informac'on. 
 
 " Also, I award that the Box with the Money shall 
 remayne in the Custody of the Wardens as it hath bene used 
 in tyme past, so that yerely they shall yield a just and true 
 accompte to their felishipe. 
 
 Also, I award that whosoever of the Wardens or 
 Yeomanry shall broke or disobey any of these Articles, shall 
 forfett and paye to the Chamber of the Citie of London 26 
 
 companie to be helpyng and counsellynge of same wardeyns for the yeere 
 followinge." — Herbert ^ i. 53. 
 
 The Brewers' books in 1420 mention in decided terms the establishment in 
 that Company of what may be considered a Court of Assistants, though not so 
 named, and specify its duties. The entry states a "resolution made by 
 Thomas Greene, Master, and the three Wardens, and others, that they and their 
 successors should meet at Breweres' halle, there to holde their communication, on 
 what necessities of the same craft were to be enquired of, sought into, and 
 executed by them, as they should see most expedient for its honor and 
 prosperity." — Ibid, 54. 
 
 The books of the Merchant Taylors make the first mention we have met with 
 of Assistants byname, in 1512; when " the common Clerk of the Company 
 is said to have transacted certain affairs of the Company, at the commandment 
 and request of the Master and Wardens, with the advice of the more part of the 
 most substanciall and discreet persons, Assistants and counsellors of the said 
 fraternity." — Ibidy i. 55. 
 
16 
 
 the one halfe of the sayd penalty to be delyvi^ed to the 
 Wardens of the sayd Crafte for the use of the Fealiship, and 
 the other half to the sayd Chamber for the use of the 
 Cominaltie." 
 
 1513 " Mem. — That one Thomas Senelow, Founder, came befoyr 
 the Barjnis of the Exchekker the 24^^ June in the v*^ year of 
 Eyng Hary y^ S^h his owyn proper p'son and Boddly swayr 
 fflattly upon a Boke that Thomas Halyfax and others, Masters 
 of the Crafte of Founders, y* they made an Act the 12^^ Apryll 
 in Colman Street, that no Man schuUd taeke no Aprense, but 
 he pay for first 3«-/4^- second 3''/i^' and the third 3«-/4^-, the 
 whyche persons had never noyn siche Act: now too of the 
 sayd persons was new Wardens, and for Thomas Bassett was 
 never in the Clothing. Thus was the sayd Senelow forsworne 
 wyllyntly, and for y*^ an Informac'on that hathe coste the 
 Crafte and y^ Comon Box this sume foUowyng £5 • 2 • 4." 
 
 1513 Mem.— For the expense of the Corporac'on £5 • 6 • 2.'' 
 
 1514 6a Eenrj/ VIIL Dec. 11. Monoux, Maior, Rep. 2,fo. 206. 
 
 At this Court Thomas Halyfax p^myssed to delyv^ tomorrow 
 the Chest w^ certen plate and other godes belongjnig to the 
 Founders, accordyng to the Bill of Complaynt of D^vse of the 
 Crafte of Founders, to the intent that the sayd Chest shal 
 remayne in the Chapell of the Chyrche of S^* Margarett of 
 Lothebury, to the use of the hole Crafte of Founders, as of 
 old tyme accustomed hath been used." 
 
 1515 7th Henry VIIL Feb. 28. Butler, Maior, Jor. 11, fo. 245. 
 
 " The Wardens and other gode Men of the Crafte of 
 Founders came unto this Court with a Byll or Supplication, 
 that it wold please their Lordshippes for the weale and gode 
 
17 
 
 rule of the Craft, to 
 hensforth observed and 
 
 For choysyng the 
 "Wardens. 
 
 2. Quarterage. 
 
 3. Kepyng of Masse. 
 
 4. Somons. 
 
 5. Serche. 
 
 6. That no Stranger 
 work in the Crafte. 
 
 9. 
 10. 
 11. 
 
 12. 
 
 establish certen 
 kepte : 
 
 Caryng of Wares 
 to the Fayres. 
 
 Variance between 
 Bro^- & Bror- 
 
 Takyng of Aprentice 
 
 Termes of Aprentice. 
 
 Presentyng of Ap- 
 rentice. 
 
 Bryng about Wares 
 as Hawkers. 
 
 Articles to be from 
 
 13. S*- Clement Brother- 
 hood. 
 
 14. P'sentyng every per- 
 son before setting up. 
 
 15. Clothyng. 
 
 16. Takyng of distress. 
 
 17. Otbe of New Bre- 
 thren. 
 
 18. Confirmation of Or- 
 dinances. 
 
 Agreed to, and to be entered of Record.'' 
 
 Lib. N., fo. 7, has in addition, the order of makyng 
 Fumess." 
 
 1516 He^iry VIII. Feb, 21. Buteley, Maior, Rep. 3, fo. 69. 
 
 The examination of the Ordinances committed to the 
 Common Sergeant and Town Clerk. 
 
 1516 ^th Henry VIII Feb. 28. Buteley, Maior, Rep. 3, fo. 70. 
 The Ordinances of the Founders read and admitted. 
 
 Itm. — Payd at Leddryrsellars Hall at the fyrste 
 
 Semblyng iiij^ 
 „ Payd to Mr. Pajrver for oderseyng of the 
 
 Booke iij^ iiij^ 
 „ Payd to Mr. Green for to speak to the 
 Mayre and his Bredryn y®Alld^"^ 
 for to ovyrsee y® Book & correctyng iij® iiij^ 
 
 1556 3rc? 8f 4:th Philip and Mary. September 10. Garrard, Maior, 
 
 Rep. 13 2 fo. 425 b. 
 " Itm. — It was agreyd that the Wardeyns of the Founders, 
 and of divers other fealowshippes hereunder named, beyng hand 
 Craftemen, shalbe warnyd to be here the next Corte day, for 
 order to be take w*^ theym for the numbre of theire App^ntices 
 and of other thinges.'' 
 
18 
 
 1556 3rc/ 8f 4:th Thilip and Mary. September 16. Oarrard, Maior, 
 
 Rep. 13 2 fo. 426 5. 
 
 " This day the Wardeyns of the Founders Compy, Pasterlers, 
 Bowyers, Tylers, Fletchers, Blakysmyths, Spurryers, Joyners, 
 Weavers and Cordweyners, Coryers, Plomers, Paynters, 
 Masons, Armurers, Cutlers & Pewterers, dyd here appere, 
 and were very well contentyd and agreable to stande to the 
 order of thys Corte for the apoyntyug of the numbre of 
 the Apprentices that ev'ry Householder of ev'ry of there 
 fealowshippes shal receave and keepe at once, and by cause of 
 the sayd Wardeyns of the Founders and others confessed that 
 they had certayn Ordenances for the same effect already, they 
 have this day seven-nyght to bring in their Bookes thereof 
 — and as for the reasidue as yeat not having such Ordenances 
 the Corte agreyd to call theym agayne shortly." 
 
 1578 ^^th Elizabeth. April . Ramsay, Maior, Rep. 19, fo. 310. 
 
 " Y* wos ordered that Sir John Ryvers, Kn*- Mr. Dyxie and 
 Mr. Bowyer, Alderman, shal here and examyn the requeste 
 made unto thys Corte by the Companye of the Founders of 
 thys Cytie, and they to take such Order therein as to their 
 dyscresions shal seame good ; and hereof to make reporte unto 
 this Corte with convey ente spede." 
 
 1579 21st Elizabeth. January 28. Pype, Maior, Rep. 19, fo. 13. 
 
 " This day the Aldermen abovenamed made their reporte in 
 Wrytinge of their opinions therein, the tenor whereof ensueth 
 in these words, viz. 
 
 " When a Supplycasion of late was made and exhibited by 
 certayn p'sons free of the Company of Founders, upon certyn 
 cawses of varyance arysen amonge the Freemen of the same 
 Company, touching a certyn reliefs to be gathered towards the 
 ayde of the poor of the same Company and the order and 
 dystrybution of the same — Who callyng before them as well 
 the Wardeyns as others of the sayd Company, and hearyngne 
 
19 
 
 theire allegac'oiis at large touchinge the sayd maters in 
 controversye and for the curynge of the same, Ordered, Decreyd, 
 and Determyned as foloweth : 
 
 " Fyrste. That the Wardeyns for the tyme beinge, and 
 every other p^'sone beyng of the Lyvery of the sayd Companye, 
 shal from hensforth paye quarterlye towards the ayde and 
 relyfe of the poore of the same Companye, Three pense by 
 the Quarter. And that all p^'sones beynge of the Yomanry 
 of the sayd Company shal paye quarterly towards the ayde and 
 relyfe of the same poore, Two pence by the Quarter. Upon 
 payne that ev'ry p^son of the sayd Companye beynge Wardeyn, 
 or of the Lyvery, and refusyng so to doe, shal forfeyte and 
 paye for every tyme he shal refuse, Fyve Pense. And upon 
 payne, that ev'ry other p^son of the Yomanry so refusing so 
 to doe, to forfeyte and paye for ev'ry tyme he shal refuse, 
 Fourpence, which forfeytures be and goe, the one halfe to the 
 Chamber of London, the other halfe to the use of the poore 
 of the sayde Company of Founders. The same forfeytures to 
 be levyed by dystress or otherwyse by the dys'cretion of the 
 sayd Wardens. 
 
 " Itm. — That the Younger "Wardeyn for the tyme beynge 
 shal gather the sayd Threepence quarterly of the Wardeyns 
 and other persons of the Lyverye. And that the Wardens 
 and others of the Lyvery, or the more parte of them, shal from 
 hensforth at such tyme as they chuse New Wardeyns, nomynate 
 foure honest p^sones out of the Yeomanrye, w^^ sayde foure 
 p^sones so nomynated shal be publyshed at the nexte quarter 
 daye — to the ende that the sayde Yomanry may Electe two of 
 them to supply the names of the sayde CoUectorshippes for 
 the Yeomanrye for the yere to come, and as in lyke sorte to be 
 done by the Wardeyns and Lyverye from yere to yere. Which 
 nomynation shall of all syde be done withoute any feastinge, 
 drynkyng, or other chardges, and if any persons so being 
 chosen shal refuse to execute the same offyce, then he or they 
 
 c 2 
 
20 
 
 so refusinge shal forfeyte vj^ viij^ to be divided and levyed by 
 distress as in the previous case. And that the moneys so 
 collected, as well by the sayd Younger "Warden as by the sayd 
 two Collectors, to be from tyme to tyme quarterly put into a 
 Box now remaynyng in the Founders Hall having three Locks : 
 The Keye of one such Locke to be in the custody of the 
 Younger Wardeyn for the tyme beyng, and the other two 
 Keyes to be severally in the custody of the sayd two Collectors. 
 And for the dystrybutinge of the sayd Money, Y^ is ordeyned 
 that the sayd Yonger Wardeyn and two Collectors for the 
 tyme beynge, shall by ther dyscretions, give and distribute the 
 same to such p^sons of the sayd Company as shal have node of 
 
 the same And yf any varyance shal for tyme 
 
 hereafter to arryse about the dystributyng of any some of 
 money to any pore p^son, such varyance to be decided by the 
 other two Wardens of the sayd Company. Which sayd 
 Reporte beinge reade was lyked and allowed." 
 
 1587 292^A Elizabeth, April 6. Burne, Maior, Rep. 21, fo, 424. 
 
 Y* is ordered that Mr. Aid" Slaney shall sytt at the 
 Founders Hall w^ the Wardens and others of the same Company, 
 to have consyderac^on whether the Ordynances be duelye 
 observed as they ought to be or not : And to informe thys 
 Cote of hys opynion thereon." 
 
 1587 29jfA Elizabeth, April 27. Burne, Maior, Rep, 21, fo, 427. 
 
 " At this Co^te Mr. Aid" Slaney made his Report as follows. 
 Octavo die Aprilis 1587. 
 
 " At the Courte holden at Fownders Hall the daye and yere 
 abovesayd. It was orderyed and Agreyd as foUoweth, viz. — 
 That everye one beynge in the Lyverye of the Companye, 
 being Metall Men or Workers of Metall, and the Moulders, 
 shal from hensforth take no more Apprentyse, untill the 
 
21 
 
 Number of Apprentyses be dyminislied. And the number 
 being dyminished they of the Lyverye being Mettallmen and 
 Moulders, to take but one Apprentyse abled unto them, and 
 to be abled two yeares before the ende of the tearme of his 
 last Apprentyse. And they that be out of the Lyverye, from 
 hensforth to have no Apprentyse abled unto them until the 
 number be dyminished. And that yf any p^son shal break theys 
 Ordinance, to forfayte xx^ to the use of the Companye, and 
 neverthelesse lose hys Apprentyse. 
 
 " Provj^ded that theys Orders are to remayne in force untill 
 uppon occasion the Company of Fowndors shal be Sutors unto 
 the Lord Mayor and Cote of Ald^mn for the alteracon thereof. 
 
 " AYhich Reporte beinge redde in this Cote was very well 
 lyked, and allowed by the same, and theare uppon orderyd 
 that the same shalbe entered into the Repertorye and Obs^ved 
 accordyngely.'^ 
 
 1592 Mt/i Elizabeth, June 20. Wehhe, Maior, Rep, 22, fo. 389 S. 
 
 FOUNDERS' ORDERS. 
 
 And wheareas theire have been granted and allowed unto 
 them by the Lord Maior and Ald^men, Ordynances orders fit 
 for the Government, and by the same, the said Company hase 
 bene well and peaceably e governed, ordered, and demeaned. 
 And for as tyme has wrought and broughte change and alteration 
 in thinges concerninge their Companyes, and some thinges 
 meete to have Newe Ordynances to be granted and allowed 
 unto them, and for them to be putt in practice and use. 
 
 " Whereupon the L^ Mair and Courte of Aldermen, at a 
 Courte holden on the 28^^ of March 34 Eliz., have made and 
 ordayned these Ordynances hereafter ensuinge, and the same 
 have granted and allowed unto the said Companye of 
 ffounders, that the same may be practized and put in use 
 
22 
 
 accordinge to the tenor and true 
 hereafter. 
 
 1. For the closing of ^yardens 
 
 2. For Quarterage 
 
 3. For Somons 
 
 4. For Serche 
 
 5. No Stranger worke in the Crafte 
 
 6 . Carrying of Wares to the Fay res 
 
 7. Variance betw" Brother & 
 
 Brother 
 
 8. Takinge & p^'sentinge of 
 
 App^tyses 
 
 meaninge of the same for ever 
 
 9. Setting over the terms of Ai3prcs 
 
 10. Bearing ab* Wares as Hawkers 
 
 11. P^'senting ev'ry p^sone before 
 
 setting up 
 
 12. For Clothing 
 
 13. Makinge of Furnes 
 
 14. Eelief of the poor of the Comi)y 
 
 15. Assizing of Waights 
 
 16. The taking of distresses 
 
 17. The Othe of New Brethren 
 
 1612 July 15. 
 
 Rawlins and Tomson ffoundershad twenty shillings 
 allowed them, touching their proceedings in the sute in the 
 Maior's Court for a Corporacion for the Company of ffounders, 
 with which they were fully satisfied/' 
 
 1613 October m. 
 
 That the charge of the proceeding about the Corporation, 
 should be wholly at the charge of the said Company." 
 
 161 3 llth James I, Nov, 4. Middleton, Maior, Eep, 31 2, fo, 300 h. 
 
 " This day the Committee appointed to consider of the 
 petition of Rob* Thompson flfounder, did deliver in a report 
 in writing of their opinions touching the same, the tenor 
 whereof foUoweth in these words : — 
 
 We, whose names are hereunder subscribed, to whom the 
 petition of the ffounders was referred, do certify — That we have 
 often met together and advisedly considered thereof, and called 
 before us all such persons whom we did think the same might 
 concerne, and heard their objeccions against the things desired. 
 And upon full hearing of all p^sons interested at several tymes 
 are of opinion — 
 
23 
 
 " First. That the Oompany of fFounders, who now are a 
 Brotherhood and noe Corpora^on, may with^ any inconvenience 
 (if it so please the King's Ma*^^) be incorporated by the name 
 of Master and "Wardens of the Mistery of the Company of 
 ffounders, jffreemen of the City of London. 
 
 Secondly. That all Melters and Workers of Moulten 
 Brasses and Copper Metalls with" the said Citty, and three 
 Miles compass of the same, may be subject to such orders and 
 ordenances of the said Company, as by them shall be 
 reasonably made, and confirmed by the Lord Chancellor of 
 England, and the two Chief Justices for the tyme being. 
 Saving that it shall not be lawfuU for them to have any 
 medling, or anything to with the Company of Pewterers of 
 this Citty, for or concerning any Copper or Brasse which they 
 shall melt or worke for their owne Trades of Pewterers, and 
 have bene accustomed to doe by the space of Ten Years last 
 past. 
 
 " Thirdly. That the said Mast"* and Wardens may be 
 authorised by His Ma^^^ to make orders and ordenances for the 
 good government of the said Mysterie, so as they be not 
 repugnant to the lawes of the land, nor against the freedom 
 and liberties of this Citty. 
 
 " Fourthly. That the Master and Wardens may have the 
 viewe of all Brasen Weights in the hands of the flounders or 
 Makers thereof within the Citty of London, or three Miles 
 compass thereof, and all Brasse Weights of any kind made 
 beyonde the Seas, and brought from thence into this Citty, or 
 within three miles compass thereof, to be sould : And that the 
 said Weights being found true and sufficient, shall before they 
 be sould or uttered, be sized by the Standard at flPounders' 
 Hall, and marked with their mark for that service ; and then 
 to be sealed at Guyldhall, yf they be Haverdepois, and at 
 
24 
 
 Goldsmyths' Hall, yf they be Troy Weights, and yf they be 
 found defective to be defaced. 
 
 " Geven under o"" hands the xxyj day of Oct^ 1613. 
 
 Thomas Middleton, Maior. 
 John Jolley. John Leman. 
 Geffery Elwes. Edw^ Rotherham. 
 
 John Stone. 
 
 The whch Report being here openly redd, was well liked 
 and allowed of, and ordered to be entered in the Repertory, 
 and in all points to be observed accordingly." 
 
 1614 May 2nd. 
 
 At this Court divers of the Yeomanry were suters unto 
 the Wardens, &c.. That the Corporation formerly intended, 
 might proceed, and towards the charge of obtaining the same, 
 they proffered Twenty Pounds, and further that if necessary, 
 they would pay for the interest of £100 for two years ensuing." 
 
 1614 June m. 
 
 It was decreed upon the reading of a draught of a 
 Corporation, formerlie considered, of which was this present 
 day generally concluded, should goe forward and be obtained 
 at the charges of all the said Company. And forasmuch as 
 the Company at present is unprovided of money for procuring 
 of the same, and instant money is to be employed for 
 proceeding thereof, Mr. Richard Rowdinge for the good of the 
 said Misterie did voluntarily grant to disburse the sum of One 
 Hundred and flS.fty Pounds for present use, to be employed only 
 in procuring the same Corporation, which being kindlie 
 accepted, the Wardens and Assistants as firmly promise that 
 the lands, revenues, &c., shall stand engaged for the 
 repajTiient thereof." 
 
25 
 
 EXPENSES OF THE CHARTER. 
 
 
 
 
 " Paid for wrytyng our reasons and desired — what 
 
 
 
 
 wee desired to have graunted for our Corporation 
 
 0 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 " Geven under Sir H. Montagu, Recorder for his 
 
 
 
 
 Advisse 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 0 
 
 " Geven to Mr. Young, Clerk to Sir Francis Bacon 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 0 
 
 " Geven to Mr. Bassett, Secretary to Sir JuHus 
 
 
 
 
 Caesar 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 0 
 
 " Geven to Mr. Lock, Clerk to the King's Commiss'^'* 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 " Paid unto Mr. Diss for procuring of a Corporacion 
 
 
 
 
 for the Company 
 
 100 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 Total, with sundry other ffees £115 14 0 
 
 HEADS OF THE CHARTER. 
 
 j by the Grace of God, &c. &c. 
 
 " Whereas it is parte of our regall ofRce to see our people 
 justlie dealt withall, and amongst other things to take care 
 that in Waightes and Measures our Subjects doe deale one 
 with another after a true proportion, wherein as we are 
 informed there is a great abuse, — as also the Workers in Brass 
 & Copper Wares — are not reduced into any oerteine Company, 
 nor the Men of that Misterie are not governed, nor their 
 Workes searched and viewed as in other Misteries where there 
 is a settled Corporation — Wee therefore for the prevention of 
 such abuses — ^have granted that from henceforth all and everie 
 of our loving subjects the Founders of the City of London and 
 the Suburbs thereof shall be one body corporate by the name 
 of Master, Wardens, and Cominaltie of the Misterie of 
 fFounders of the Cittie of London. 
 
26 
 
 " To be for ever capable in Law to hold Lands not exceeding 
 £40 per annum. 
 
 To be able and capable to plead and be impleaded. 
 To have for ever a Comon Seale. 
 
 There shall be One Master, Two Wardens, and Fifteen 
 Assistants. 
 
 The Master and Wardens to be elected yearly on the 
 Monday next before the Feast of St. Michaell the Archangell. 
 
 The Assistants to be elected for life unless removed or 
 dismissed. 
 
 " To have Hall or House of Oounsell. 
 
 Two persons to be nominated for Master who have served 
 • the Upper Wardenship, and reputed the Senior Assistants. — 
 One to be chosen. 
 
 " Six persons out of the Assistants, or from the Livery, to 
 be nominated for Wardens. Two to be chosen. The Master 
 and One Warden to be present. 
 
 New Election for Master or Wardens, within fifteen days 
 after death, dismission, or removal. 
 
 On death or removal of Assistants, new Election within 
 convenyent tyme. 
 
 " Master, Wardens, and Assist^, to have full power to elect 
 Officers, to hold Courts, and make Statutes, Laws, &c. 
 
 " Touching the searching and finding out deceipts 
 
 in Brass and Copper Works, Weights and Wares : Also as to 
 Sizing and marking all Brass Weightes within the Cittie and 
 three Miles compas thereof — which shall be first brought to 
 fi'ounders Hall to be sized and marked with their Comon Mark, 
 taking pajonent as heretofore. All ofienders against the 
 Ordinances to be fined at the discretion of Master, Wardens, 
 and Assist^ by distress or otherwise. 
 
 Discrete persons to be appointed under the Comon Seale, 
 and sworne to search all Shoppes, Warehouses, and other places, 
 for deceiptful Works and Waightes, and if need be by the 
 Aid of the Maior and Sheriffs of our Citie aforesaid, and the 
 
27 
 
 Justices of the Peace in whatsoever place within the compas 
 of three Miles without the said Citie. 
 
 " Given at Westminster, 18th September, 1614, in the 
 twelfth year of our raigne of England, France and Ireland, 
 and of Scotland, the Eight and Fortieth." 
 
 People to whom 
 this present wri- 
 ting shall come, 
 Thomas Lord 
 Ellesmere, Lord 
 Chanc^ of England, Sir 
 Edw^ Coke, Kn* Chief 
 Justice, &c., and Sir 
 
 Henry Hobart, Kn* Chief Justice of the Court of Com on Pleas, 
 Send greeting in our Lord God everlasting. 
 
 Imprimis. — There hath of long time been a Company or 
 ffellowship of ffounders as a bodie collective, though not 
 
 incorporate until now and they have desired 
 
 us that we would examine their said Statutes, Ordinances, and 
 other hereafter sett down, and correct and amende in due 
 and convenient manner and forme — We well considering their 
 supplication — have all and everie of them seen, examined, 
 corrected, reformed, and approved, the tenure wherefore 
 hereafter ensue and bee theise, 
 
28 
 
 " Imprimis. — That Courts of Master and Wardens be held 
 on Monday everie Week, Weeklie for ever, if occasion serve. 
 
 Courts of Assist^^ to be held by appointment of Master 
 and Wardens as often as business shall require. 
 
 General Courts for the appearance of Livery and general 
 bodie or ffellowshippe, there shall be four of them called 
 Quarter-day Courts. — 29th October.* — Monday next Candlemas 
 Day,t — Monday next May Day. — Monday next Lammas Day.J 
 
 Every person under the government of this Company shall 
 then and there pay for quarterage 12^ pence in money for the 
 use of the Company, or in default thereof, or not performing 
 such other rights and duties as may be required of him, shall 
 forfeit Five Shillings. Any person not appearing at Courts • 
 by the time appointed shall forfeit 2y and not coming at all or 
 departing before the Court ended without license to pay 3^4^ 
 
 That if the Master, Wardens, Assistants, or Liveries, 
 shall repair to such Court without his Gowne, or being other- 
 wise undecently attired, to forfeit 12 pence. 
 
 " That if any person elected into the Livery do not within 
 Fourteen days after notice given, prepare himself with Habit 
 and Livery fitting thereunto, shall for the first offence forfeit 
 Twenty Shillings, and the further sum of Ten Shillings 
 Monthlie, until he conform thereto. 
 
 If failing to attend the King's Ma^^^ when repairing to or 
 towards the Citty of London, or if appointed by the Master to 
 any reasonable Service, either in Livery or otherwise by Horse 
 or Foot, to forfeit Twenty Shillings. 
 
 " In default of the Master or any of the Wardens not 
 appearing for Service of the Lord Mayor at the hower 
 
 * 29tli October, the Lord Mayor's Day at tliat period. 
 
 t The Purification, or Candlemas Day, Feb. 2, is so called from the practice 
 of the Roman Church of lighting the churches with candles of wax. It is 
 called a Grand Day in the Inns of Court ; a Gaudy Day at the two universities ; 
 and a Collar Day at St. James's. 
 
 X Lammas Day, August 1, is a corruption of hlaf-maesse, or loaf-mass, from a 
 custom of bestowing loaves on the poor on this day. 
 
29 
 
 appointed, to pay Five Shillings, or not coming at all. Ten 
 Shillings, and every person of the Livery not attending at the 
 Hower appointed to pay 3^4^, and coming not at all 6^/8"^- 
 
 " That if request be made to the Master and Wardens to 
 accompany the dead Corpse of the brethren of the Livery 
 deceased, or his or their Wife or Wives, if they the said 
 M & W shall think fit, the whole of the brethren of the 
 Liverie shall attend at the place and tyme appointed upon 
 paine and forfeiture of Ten Shillings. 
 
 " That as well the Master and Wardens as also all such 
 persons, as shall meddle or have anything to do with receipts 
 or pajonents, or with the money or goods of the Company, 
 shall within Ten days after being required present a true and 
 plain Account to the Auditors, or in default thereof shall bind 
 himself with sufficient Sureties to bring in whatsoever money, 
 plate or other things, or the verie true value thereof, or shall 
 undergo and suffer such lawful punishment as to the Master 
 and Wardens and Assistants shall seem meete. 
 
 Every person refusing to take upon him the Office of 
 Master to be fined Ten Pounds, and every person refusing to 
 take upon him the office of Assistant to forfeit Twenty 
 Shillings. 
 
 " That if for the service of the King's Ma^^^ or of the Citty 
 of London, or of the afi'airs of this Company, any just and 
 reasonable Assessments shall by the Master Ward^^ and Assist^ 
 be rated upon the Members of this Company, the same shall 
 be obeyed and paid accordingly, and every person refusing to 
 pay such sum as may be assessed upon him to forfeit the sum 
 of Ten Shillings. 
 
 That if any Member shall revile, or give any blows, or 
 speak opprobrious or unseemly words to any person of the 
 said Misterie, whereby the King's peace or brotherly love may 
 ' be broken or impaired amongst them, such person shall 
 undergo and perform such just order or sentence as the Court 
 may determine. Penalty for refusal Twenty Shillings. 
 
30 
 
 That the Master and Wardens, or such discrete persons as 
 they shall depute, shall make, view, and search, once everie 
 quarter or oftener through the Citie and Three Miles Compas 
 thereof, for all kinds of deceiptful Worke in anie kind of 
 Brass or Copper Wares, as also for all manner of deceiptful 
 Weights made of Brasse. 
 
 That upon the day of Election of the Master and Wardens 
 Two of the Livery shall be nominated to take the place of 
 Steward at the Assistants Dinner to be always kept on the 
 Lord Mayors Day, or such other Day as the Master Wardens 
 and Assistants shall appoint, at the Cost and Charges of the said 
 Stewards. At which Dinner for the maintenance of brotherly 
 love and familiaritee, the Master Wardens and Assistants and 
 all or any of their Wives maie be present, as also all the full 
 Liverie of the said Society. And if any one shall refuse or 
 omitt to performe the same, he shall forfeit the sum of Five 
 Pounds. None shall be taken to be Assistants unless he 
 have first been one of the Stewards or paid his fine. No Man 
 to be twice called to the charge of Stewardshippe. 
 
 " That every person working Brass or Copper Wares to 
 mark the same with their own Mark, which shall have been 
 allowed them by the Master Wardens and Assistants. 
 " All penalties to be for the use of the Company. 
 " Every person and persons which shall from time to time 
 be appointed Master or Warden, or be of the Assistants, 
 Liverie or ffreedom, or that shall be Auditors, Clerk, Bedell, 
 Sizer, Searcher, or Searchers, shall take the severall Oathes, as 
 also the Oathes of Allegiance and Supremacy. 
 
 Ratified and approved this 27th day of January, in the 
 year of the raigne of our Soveraigne Lord James, &c. &c. of 
 England, France, and Ireland the Twelfth, and of Scotland the 
 Eight and Fortieth.'' 
 
31 
 
 November 30. 
 
 " That the Corporation and the Ordinances be engrossed and 
 bound up for a Book for the Company. 
 
 " Itm. — for 0^ Book of Ordynances, Wrighting & Making, 
 
 £5 0 0 
 
 October 29. 
 
 It was ordered by general consent as foUoweth — That the 
 Master, Wardens, and Ass*^ with the consent of the liverie of 
 the Company, should with what convenient speed could be 
 made, become humble petitioners unto the Hon. Com^^^ for 
 Corporations and renewing of Charters appointed by the 
 Supreame Authority of England. That the Charter granted 
 in the 12"^ yeare of King James unto this Company of ffounders 
 might be renewed and confirmed under the authority of the 
 Great Scale of England, and also that all the founders of 
 Brass and Copper in and about London and three miles 
 compasse might be incorporated into the Company of ffounders, 
 London, as the Company unto which they doe all properly 
 belong unto, and yf the Hon. Com*^^ shall seeme fitting for this 
 Companye to become further pet^^ unto them to inlarge the 
 bounds of our Charter for Seaven or Tenn myles compas as to 
 their grave Wisdomes shall seem most expedient. 
 
 Simon Cave, Master. 
 
 Stephen Pilcher, ) 
 
 Moses Brown, ) ^^^dens. 
 
 And 45 others.'' 
 
 " The Humble Petition of divers of the Comonalty of the 
 Company of Founders, to the Hon^^^ Committee for Corporac^ons 
 and reneiving Charters, 
 
 Sheweth — That the sayd Company were incorporated in 
 King James's tyme — and understanding that the Hon. Com- 
 mittee are empowered to renew Charters, &c. &c. We make 
 
32 
 
 bold humblie to inform you — that we have been for maine 
 years extreamly trodden and kept under foote by the power 
 and will of the Master and Wardens and Assistants. 
 
 " We therefore humbly pray that your Honours would send 
 for the Charter and renewe the same with alterations of such 
 things as are destructive to the Comonwealth, and that we 
 may have a day appointed when we shall make known every 
 particular of our grievance, &c. 
 
 cc ysf[\\m NickoUs. Philip Thomas. Rich Smyth. 
 
 Tho® Browne. John Lucas.'' 
 
 " To the Hon, Committee for regulation of Corporations, 
 The himhle petition of the Comonalty of the Company of 
 ffounders. 
 
 Your petitioners did acquaint your Honors of the insulting 
 power and usurped authority of the Master, Wardens, and 
 Assist® — and thereupon your honours were pleased to make an 
 Order that your petitioners should by the 4th November 
 bring in the heads of our grievances — which have been drawn 
 up and hereto annexed — further informing your honours that 
 these do arise by the means of the perpetuity of these persons 
 being our rulers who are not able to judge of anything relating 
 to the Trade, for that they being men of other callings, of 
 which three-thirds parts of the Assistants doe consist. 
 
 " That your petitioners do also conceive that if all Melters 
 and Workers of Brasse were reduced into one Corporation 
 many evils would be prevented. — Many things more your 
 pet^^® have to offer which would conduce to the publique good 
 of the nation in generall. We therefore doe humbly pray that 
 your pet"® being the greater parte of the bodie of the sayd 
 Company may be heard what they can offer — and if such their 
 offers shall be approved of, that the same may be inserted in 
 their New Charter, and your petitioners delivered from their 
 present grievances. 
 
 Signed by 16 persons." 
 
33 
 
 1652 November 4. 
 
 " By the Committee for Corporations, 
 " Ordered, by the consent of parties on both sides, that the 
 . cause between the Comonalty of the Company of ffounders and 
 the Master and Wardens of the same Company — be referred 
 till the 18th November, by which day the Master and Wardens 
 are to bring to this Committee the Charter whereby the sayd 
 Company are incorporated, and the Bookes of Orders and 
 Bookes of Accompts belonging to the sayd Company, and the 
 Committee do appoint on the sayd day to consider of the 
 Complaynts of the sayd Comonalty — at which time the sayd 
 Comonalty have libertie to present farther complaynts if they 
 have any. And the sayd Master and Wardens are to answer 
 the same.'' 
 
 The true Coppie delivered against the Master, Wardens and 
 Assist^ of the ffounders, hy the Men ivhose names are hereunto 
 subscrihed : — 
 
 The Heads of certaine grevances suffered by the Comonalty 
 of the ffounders of London through the oppression of the 
 Master, Wardens and Assist^ of the sayd Company. 
 
 " Jmprimis. That the M^ W^^^^ & Ass*^ have and still doe 
 insult over the Comonalty of the sayd Company by fyning them 
 according to their pleasure, for not obeying theire lawes and 
 injunctions which never yet were known to the Com^^y, nor 
 made known to any of them, though Mast^ & Wardens are 
 directed by the Ordinances and Charter of the sayd Company 
 to reade, or cause the same to be read, to the Comonalty in the 
 Comon Hall of the sayd Company once a yeere or moore, yf it 
 be required to the end that offenders might not plead ignorance 
 yf thereby punished. That divers of the Comonalty of the 
 sayd Company have bin fyned upon pretence of breakinge these 
 Ordinances, the which the Mast^ & Wardens have refused to 
 read unto the Comonalty, though they have thereunto often bin 
 desired by the Com^, giving noe other answer unto their desires, 
 
 D 
 
34 
 
 then, that when they had spent a C pound apeece as they had 
 done, then they should see them and not before. 
 
 " Secondly. — That the Com^^^ being desirous to know their 
 dutie, and their duties, did, at their great charge and trouble 
 procure a coppie of their sayd Charter out of the Eowles in 
 January laste, about which tyme the Mast^ Ward"^ & Assist^ 
 after many petitions for the reading of the Charter and 
 Ordinances did condescend that the Charter should be read in 
 the Comon Hall ; but in reading thereof the Clark did wilfully 
 omitt the reading of the priviledges which to the Comonalty 
 did belong, and justified himself therein, until the Comonalty 
 did make the truth thereof appear by the Coppie of the sayd 
 Charter. 
 
 Thirdly, — Tk^i the Mast^ W^^^ & Ass^« of the said 
 Company doe privatly cary on the affaires of the sayd Company 
 without the consent of the Comonalty as may be instanced by 
 many — as if the Comonalty had no right to any thing, and 
 much less worthie to know any thing of the Company, it 
 being accounted high presumption for the Comonalty to know 
 any thing of their proceedings, even contrarie to the verie 
 Charter itself. 
 
 Fourthly, — That they misapplie the Giftes and Charities. 
 
 " Fifthly, — That they do things contrarie to the Charter. 
 
 " Sixthly, — That they fyne Men unreasonably for doing 
 things, which themselves doe usually practice. 
 
 " Seventhly, — That they have wasted the stock and revenues 
 of the Company, and threaten to sell the Comon Hall and all 
 things thereunto belonging. 
 
 Eighthly, — That the major parte of them are notoriously 
 disaffected to the present Government, and uppon all opportu- 
 nities have manifested theire malignity in words and deeds, 
 particularly in chousing one M^- Pilchard, Upp^ Warden this 
 present year, being a Man twice sequestered for delinquency 
 and served the late King at Oxford, during the times of the 
 Wars, — not much good to be expected from Men soe qualified. 
 
35 
 
 Ninthly. — That in Auguste last a fyne of 5y a piece was 
 ymposed upon Six of the Comonalty, before they were acquainted 
 with their offense, and their goods distrayned for the same ... 
 to their charge and disparagement . . . and the said Members 
 are by the Mast^ Wardens & Assist^ violently prosecuted, they 
 showing themselves, instead of norishers of the Members of 
 their Company to be destroyers. 
 
 " Tenthly, — That they do countenance the Clarke of the 
 Company who is a Mocker and Scoffer of all manner of godliness, 
 and holiness, and goodness, in coniving at and passing over his 
 unfaithfulness . . . without any controulement at all, and allsoe 
 counterfetteth the Goldsmiths' Mark to seal Troy "Weightes. 
 
 Eleventh, — That on Quarter days when the Comonalty is 
 summoned to appear at the Hall, they are compelled to stay till 
 they are called one by one into a close parlor where the Court 
 sitteth haveing the doors shut upon them, whereas other 
 Companies keep open Court in their Halls for every Member 
 thereof to hear and make his complaint known. 
 
 A true Copie. Examined Sa. Oneale, Clerk.'' 
 
 An Answer unto the Scandales and false reports, put iippon 
 (and can be noe way proved) against the Mr Ward^ and Assistants 
 of the Company of ffounders, 1652. 
 
 Imps. — We, the Mart^ Wardens & Assists . . . as we can 
 justlie prove, never yet did use eyther will or power over or 
 againste any of the false pHending Complayners, but intreated 
 as brethren in love when they would levell the government 
 and orders of the Company according to their own perverse, 
 proud, and peevish mynds, and that they never desired any 
 thing to be read over but it was granted in convenient time 
 and order. 
 
 2ndly. — We know right well — the Comonalty of ffounders 
 never had any desire to have any thing read to be instructed by, 
 
 D 2 
 
36 
 
 but what they could catch at to enlarge their levelling myndes 
 and proud imperious wills . . . and came for no other purpose 
 but to quarrell with the Company. 
 
 " 3rr%. — We can fully prove that there is nothing done by 
 us in any designe concerning the affairs . . of the Company but 
 what is allowed by our Charter . . and that every turbulent and 
 idle person is nothing concerned therein. 
 
 " ^hly, — We doe nothing . . . but what we have precedent 
 and custom for sixty years and upwards. 
 
 " 6thly. — We never did any such thing — ^but gave the 
 legacies to the poor, miserable, and honnest. That peradven- 
 ture of the 11 false grevances, One may in parte be true, 
 for divers of these scandalous and black mouthed people and 
 their parents have tasted and felt of the said guiftes and 
 legacies, and soe far we doe think they may be misemployed. 
 
 " Qth, — . . . Wee dare them to prove whoe of the Assist® 
 hath practised the same shameful cryme. 
 
 " 7th. — ^Wee answer that we are soe far from wasting the 
 stock and revenues of the Company, though we began in the 
 year 1472* with 24 poor honest men. That we have in love 
 and unitie . . . bin helping unto severall Princes in their 
 raignes. In the Citty to severall Taxes, To the Parish in 
 severall duties, To the poor of the Company and miserable 
 people thereof. To this happie and glorious Government in 
 these times . . . and by a reserve we have yet in store. 
 
 ^th. — Wee answer that these Men are filled with disobe- 
 dience and lyes, . . . that there is not a Man amongst the 
 Assist^ that hath not . . . given and lent unto this P'liament : 
 That hath not willingly subscribed unto every Comand and 
 Order of P'liament, or let them show any one Man that hath 
 bin ymprisoned, sequestrid or boore arms against the Pliament 
 . . . then wee shall give these slanderous people further 
 answer. 
 
 * See ante page 5, Ordinances granted 
 
37 
 
 I Qthly. — Wee answer that in Auguste laste, these Com- 
 
 ' playners in open Court, put many afFrontes and scoffes and 
 
 saucy languages, and denyed to pay their Quartridge belonging 
 unto the poore . . . and excited others to like disobeydience 
 .... and therefore fyned 5^. pr man . . . and the sayd fyne 
 demanded over and oyer again, before the distress was at- 
 tempted to be taken, and the assault was made by these men, 
 . . . and therefore were indicted and their great charge and 
 exp^ grew through theire owne misbehaviour. ' 
 
 " lOthly. — Wee doe not countenance the Clarke ... or 
 doe wee believe that he doeth . . . size or scale any Brass 
 Waightes made of base and adulterate Mettales . . . He is old 
 enough, and we hope homiest enough, lett him answer the 
 Complaint himselfe, if he hath soe offended. 
 
 llt/i. — These Men showe forthe their violent and proud 
 Sperritts by desiring admittance equall with a Court of Assistants 
 . . . where was it ever known to have all to heare and 
 determine alike in any Nation or bodie Corporate, or that the 
 people which should be ruled should seeme to instruct their 
 rulers. The Cloud of Witnesses wee have to prove these 
 Men's private contrivings and mischievous threatenings of the 
 Company and (yet they) never yet would prove anythinge, but 
 their own Wills to levill all alike, without any needless dis- 
 j tinctions between Member and Member, as they please to sett 
 
 it forth in theire peremtory demands, wee will leave God to 
 judge and this Hon^^^ Committee, unto whom they have thus 
 falsely accused us." 
 
 j 1652 November 15. 
 
 ' It was ordered, That the Work in hand concerning the 
 
 renewing of our Charter should be prosecuted and carried on 
 by the best means and counsell as wee may have . . . and 
 meantime . . . the Counsell to see and direct according to his 
 Wisdome in the matters depending concerning our Charter, 
 and the desenting Members of the sayd Company." 
 
38 
 
 1684 Aprils. (Quo Warranto.)* 
 
 It was taken into consideration that there would come a 
 Writ against the Company at his Majesty's suit. And upon 
 
 * Quo Warranto. — The circumstances which gave occasion to this arbitrary 
 proceeding arose from the illegal interference of the Court with the privileges of 
 the Citizens in the Election of their Sheriffs. The Court Party, with the 
 assistance of the Lord Mayor, succeeded in forcing the Election of their own 
 Candidates for that time, and resolved to strike a blow which should leave the 
 lives and liberties of the subject entirely at the mercy of the Crown. Their 
 project was to seize the Charters of all the Corporate bodies in England. The 
 Attorney-General undertook to prove forfeiture of the City Charter and Liberties, 
 a Writ of Quo Warranto, that is an inquiry into the validity of the Charter was 
 prosecuted. The pretence of forfeiture was fii'st, an Act of Common Council 
 passed nine years previously ; secondly, a petition presented to the King two 
 years before, in which it was alledged, that by the King's prorogation of 
 Parliament public justice had been interrupted, and which petition the Court of 
 Common Council had ordered to be printed. 
 
 Though ostensibly directed against the Corporation of London, the Mastership 
 of the City Companies, there seems no doubt, was deemed a most important 
 object. In the case of the Founders, we find that Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe 
 who commanded at the Battle of Sedgemore, appears at the head of the list of 
 the Livery as presented for the approval of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, 
 although there is no record of his having taken any part in the proceedings of 
 the Company. 
 
 Previously to the Charter of the City being declared forfeited, several of the 
 Companies, terrified by the proceedings against London, surrendered their 
 Charters, but after the judgment almost all the Corporations did so. 
 
 The surrender of the Charter was in most of the Companies preceded by a 
 petition, stating their having been chartered and incorporated by former Royal 
 Grants, which conferred on them divers immunities, privileges, and franchises, 
 that his Sacred Majesty, having *' in his princely wisdom," thought proper to 
 issue a Quo Warranto against them, they had reason to fear they had highly 
 off'ended him, and they therefore earnestly begged his pardon for what was past, 
 and " to accept their humble submission to his good will and pleasure, and that 
 he would be graciously pleased to continue their former Charters with such 
 regulations for their future government as he should please." 
 
 James the second's first act on his succeeding to his Brother, 6th February, 
 1685, was an attempt to influence the Company's selection of Voters; he directed 
 the Lord Mayor to issue precepts requiring them to return " such loyal and 
 worthy Members " as might be judged worthy and fit to be by the Lord Mayor 
 
39 
 
 consideration of enlarging their Charter in getting a New 
 Charter, It is Ordered, That a petition with advice of Counsell 
 be forthwith drawn, and that care be taken if possible to stop the 
 Writt from being served, and that the present Master and 
 "Wardens with others be a Committee for the best managing the 
 business as Counsell shall direct. — It is ordered that the Writ 
 shall be seen by four of the Committee before the petition shall 
 be delivered to his Majesty/' 
 
 1684 May 5. 
 
 That the Committee do forthwith by advice of Counsell 
 draw a petition to the King's Majesty, and deliver it with what 
 speed may be for preventing a Quo Warranto to be served, 
 and for getting a New Charter under such regulations as to his 
 Sacred Majesty shall seem meet." 
 
 1684 May 12. 
 
 The Master acquainted the Court that the Committee had 
 petitioned the King, and been graciously received by his 
 
 and Court of Aldermen approved of as Liverymen to elect Members to serve for 
 the City of London at tlie approacliing Parliament. 
 
 In this manner the City remained until the news of the coming of the Prince 
 of Orange, in 1688, forced from James an hasty order in Council, by which all 
 restrictions consequent upon the judgment in the Quo Warranto were repealed, 
 and the Lord Chancellor Jeffries, who had been very instrumental in getting 
 sentence pronounced against it, was ordered to carry back the City Charter in 
 great formality to Guildhall. The abdication of James confirmed this emancipa- 
 tion. The security of the City of London and its immunities and privileges 
 being considered in this joyful event essential to the National welfare, the 
 Statute of William and Mary passed, which not only reversed the Quo Warranto, 
 but enacted That all and every of the several Companies and Corporations of 
 the said City shall henceforth stand and be incorporated as they respectively were 
 at the time of the said judgment given. And that as well all surrenders, as 
 Charters, Letters Patent, &c., touching or concerning any of their Liberties, 
 shall be void to all intents and purposes.*' This is the last confirmation of the 
 rights and privileges of the Citizens of London. 
 
40 
 
 Majesty. It was ordered that money be forthwith raised to 
 carry on the charge that may arise for the .New Charter. 
 That a list of the Livery and Assistants be given to the King's 
 Majestic.'' 
 
 1684 ^^^^^^ 2. 
 
 " The Master reported that the Committee had received a 
 copy of a Surrender to his Majestic under the Comon Scale of 
 the Court, which Copy and the Ingrossed being read, It is 
 ordered, That the Seal of the Company be fixed to the 
 Ingrossed Surrender, and that it be delivered with the List of 
 the whole Livery to the Attorney General as he required them, 
 and that the Committee do advise with Counsell to get as much 
 putt into the New Charter for the getting as much advantages 
 in the same as shall be thought fitt.'^ 
 
 168f Paid the Comon Sargeants Fee for advice 
 
 about the Charter £2 2 0 
 
 Paid the Attorney General his ffees ... 16 0 0 
 Paid Mr. Burton towards passing the New 
 
 Charter 50 0 0 
 
 Paid for a Coach to "Windsor 2 10 0 
 
 P^ by Expenses going to Windsor .... 639 
 
 Pd for a gift to the Duke's Servants ... 2 10 0 
 
 P^ with the Committee, &c 4 17 8 
 
 Paid Mr. Burton to pay y^ Charter ... 165 2 6 
 
 P^ in getinge the Charter copied .... 0 12 5 
 
 P^ for a Statute Book 2 8 0 
 
 P^ for getinge some additions to the Charter . 26 17 6 
 
 168| *'We, whose names are hereunder written. Wardens and 
 Assistants of the Company of Founders of the City of London, 
 have surrendered all our rights, title, or interest, of being 
 Wardens or Assistants of the said Company of Founders of 
 the City aforesaid, according as his Majesty's Letters Patent 
 
41 
 
 King James the Second doe direct. Witness our hands the 
 seventeenth day of March 168f in the first year of his 
 Majesty's reign 
 
 Daniel Houghton George Chew 
 
 Peter Causton Anthony Gibbs, Upper Warden/' 
 
 1 James II, May 2. Smith, Maior, Bej), 90, fo, 83. 
 
 " This day were presented unto this Court by the Master 
 Wardens and Assistants of the Companies of Drapers, Mercers, 
 Grocers, Fishmongers, Goldsmiths, Skinners, Merchant Taylors, 
 Haberdashers, Salters, Ironmongers, Yintners, Cloth Workers, 
 Founders and others, several Lists of the names of the Members 
 of their respective Companies, by them nominated to be of 
 their Liveries. Whereuppon this Court did allow and approve 
 of such of the said persons as are hereafter named to be of the 
 Liverys of the said respective Companies, viz. of the said 
 Company of Drapers the Hon Sir James Smith, Lord Maior, 
 &c., &c. 
 
 All the said persons being freemen of the said Citie and 
 first sworne according to the direction of His Ma*^^^ Letters 
 Patent for the due execution of the said place : and it is ordered 
 by this Court that the Master and Wardens of all the said 
 Companies doe bring to this Court without faile on this day 
 se'night the names of such of the said Liveriemen of their 
 respective Companies as shall omit to take the said oathes, 
 accordingly. 
 
 ''Livery of the Founders^ Company, 
 '' Colonel Theoppilus Oglethorpe, Master* 
 " Richard Meakin and Henry Warren, Wardens. 
 
 * Register of Freemen, 3rd October, 1684. — Admitted Honorable Colonel 
 Theopbilus Oglethorpe, Captain Henry Griffith ; and on the 29th October, 
 
42 
 
 Assistants. 
 
 John White, Thomas Aylward, John Underwood, Henry 
 Henims, William Rutter, John Prince, Thomas Hamgood, 
 Thomas Watson, Edm^ Read, W«^ Walmesly. 
 
 Livery. 
 
 " Owen Humphries, Daniel Sturmy, Math. Beavers, James 
 Bartlett, Nath^ Stringer, Richard Plaister, J ohn Bugden, Law^ 
 Finder, Will"^ Rogers, Rich^ Symons, George Clarke, Ezek, 
 Gibbs.'^ 
 
 1685 " the Town Clerk his Fee in registering 
 
 the Charter £4 6 0'^ 
 
 1686 October 27. 
 
 Upon reading the Ordinances, the two Lord Chief Justices 
 reported to the Lord Chancellor that they are reasonable and 
 ought to be allowed. Whereupon the Court desireth the 
 Master to have them Engrossed.^' 
 
 1686 " Paid for New Ordinances by Order of the Court £65 15 9'^ 
 
 Colonel Edmond May, Captain Charles Aderley, and Mr. John Pey, being the 
 only occasion in which their names appear in the books of the Company. 
 
 Sir Theophilus Oglethorpe, born in 1650, was Lieutenant Colonel in the Duke 
 of York's troop of Horse Guards, and Commissioner for executing the office of 
 Master of the Horse to King Charles II., Deputy-Lieutenant for the County of 
 Surrey, M.P. for Haslemere, in the time of William and Mary. 
 
 Sir Theophilus fought under the Duke of Monmouth at Both well Bridge, 1679, 
 and commanded a party of Horse at Sedgemore Fight, where the said Duke was 
 defeated, 6th July, 1685. His attachment to the reigning family continued after 
 their abdication, and two different proclamations, 12th July, 1690, and 8th May, 
 1692, were issued for apprehending him. He died in London, in the year A.D. 
 1701, and was buried in St. James's Church, Piccadilly, where there is a monu- 
 ment to his memory. — Gentlemen's Magazine, (1785), vol. Iv., p. 517, 573, 602. 
 
GENERAL HISTORY. 
 
 It will be observed that I have gone somewhat into detail 
 with reference to the early history of the Company, as found in 
 the muniments preserved in the Guildhall. In the reply to 
 complaints brought against the Company before The Com- 
 mittee for Corporations and renewing of Charters appointed 
 by the Supreme Authority of England " in 1652, it is stated 
 " we began in 1472 with 24 poor honest Men," this being 
 strangely at variance with the Ordinances, which as I have 
 shown were granted in 1365, and proving that the Company 
 was in existence at a still earlier period. The oldest book in 
 the possession of the Company commences as follows : — 
 
 " Inventory of the goodes of the Crafte of ffoiinders of London, 
 at CristmaSy in the yere of our Lord 1497. 
 
 onz. pt. 
 
 ffirst. — A Maser* w* a Boost of the gift of a Widow 
 
 called Weygne .... viij iij 
 
 Item — ^A Maser w^ a Boss of the gift of J ohn Badcock xv iiij 
 
 * Maser. A wooden drinking vessel of a capacious form, bowl shaped, and 
 sometimes having a low foot. — Fairholfs Die. Terms of Art, 287. 
 
 Davies, Ancient Eites of Durham^ ed. 1672, p. 126, mentions several Masers ; 
 one ''largely and finely edg'd about with silver and double-gilt with gold;'* 
 another, 'Hhe outside whereof was of black maser, and the inside of silver, double 
 gilte, the edge finely wrought round about with silver and double-gilt." The 
 maser was of a large size. "Trulla, a great cuppe, brode and deepe, such as great 
 masers were wont to bee." Cooper, ed. 1559. "A maser, or brode piece to drink 
 in.'' Baret, 1580. Maser "Wood is said to be of maple. 
 
 HaUiweU^ Archaic Dictionary^ 544 > 
 
 t Boss, The stud, or projecting ornament. 
 
44 
 
 Item — A Maser a Boss and an Herte of Silver onz. 
 
 and gilted, tlie gifte of Rob* Reynolds . ix 
 
 Item — A Maser a Boss the gifte of Henry 
 
 Pentlowe vj 
 
 Item — A Maser a Boss the gifte of John Seykyn iv 
 
 Item — A double Cuppe an handill on gilted. The 
 gifte of Johan the wife of Robert Rey- 
 nolds aforesaid xviij 
 
 Item — A Standynt Cuppe a Cover not gilte, with 
 a Hawke on the same, the gifte of Robert 
 Hawke xxxiij iiij 
 
 Item — V] Spones of Silver w* round Knoppes* of the 
 
 gifte of John Baldwyn vij ix 
 
 Item — viij Spones of Silver of the gifte of William 
 
 Chambleyn the Elder . . . . . .vij iij 
 
 Item — A Nutte covered harnessed w* Silver gilte of 
 
 the gifte of John Blowbell. .weygnt xxvij oz. ^^^^^ 
 
 Item — ^A grete Maser harnessed w* Silver gilte of the 
 gifte of John Betenden otherwise called 
 Wayte xvj „ 
 
 Item — A grete Maser harnessed w* Silver gilte of the 
 
 gifte of John Pynchbeck xj „ 
 
 A Spoon of the gifte of John Peys of Syller xij „ 
 
 Item — ^A Maser of the gifte of some unknown widow. 
 
 Item — A Standyng Goblett p'cell gilte, with one Spone with a 
 
 Gunner on the Cover. 
 Item — A fyne table Cloth diapre of the gifte of Alice Claner, 
 
 cont° x yardes. 
 
 Item — A Towell diapre of the gifte of the same Alice cont^ 
 
 xxv yards and a q*" 
 Item — Of redy money given by the same Alice xl^ 
 Item — A Table Cloth diapre of the gifte of the Wife of John 
 
 Belwyn aforenamed conteynyng . . . 
 
 * Knopp. A boss, or an ornament of a rounded buncli of flowers, or leaves. 
 
45 
 
 Item — A Table for an Altar an ymage of Seint Clement of 
 
 the gifte of John Blowbell. 
 Item — ij Bacyns & Ewers of Latton* of the gifte of the Wife 
 of John Artas. 
 
 Item — Henry Jordan, Citizen and Fishmonger, of London, 
 bequeathed in his Testament xiij^ iiij^ yerely to be 
 distributed among poor householders ffreemen and 
 women w^ y" the Crafte of ffounders of London, 
 That is say, that the same xiif iiij^ shall be 
 bestowed in Charcole yerely at such price as then 
 may bie. 
 
 Item — A Tabyl Cloth pleyn of the charge of the Crafte, bo* of 
 the hands of Thomas Swetyng conteyn« x yd® & a halfe. 
 Item — A Tabyl Cloth of diapre conteynyng vi yd^ and a halfe* 
 Item — A Tabyl Cloth of pleyn conteynyng x yd^ and a halfe. 
 Item — A Tabyl Cloth of Dyaper, Old, conteynyng vij yd^ 
 Item — ij pleyne Waychyng Towells conteynyng x yd^ both. 
 Item — A Cofer payne, old. f 
 
 1497 " Th' accompte of Rob* Setcole, EdmondBird, John Parker, 
 otherwise called John Sena, Wardeyns of the Crafte of 
 ffounders of the Citie of London, of there recepte, and pay- 
 ment by them for the said Crafte, had, made, and done, fi'om 
 the fest of S* Clement the Pope and Martir, in the xiij*^ yere 
 of the raygne of Kyng Henry the 7*^ unto the same fest in, 
 
 * Latton. A fine kind of brass, of wMch sepulchral monuments, crosses, and 
 a great proportion of the candlesticks, &c. used in the parochial Churches were 
 made. The antique laton of the 14th century was a mixed metal, resembling 
 brass in its nature and colour ; but white laton is also named, which was a 
 mixture of brass and tin. There is a pun on the word latten not uncommon 
 among our early di'amatists. Shakspeare is said to have given his godson, a 
 child of Ben Jonson, a dozen latten spoons, and told the parent he should 
 translate them. 
 
 t An old plain chest. 
 
46 
 
 the xiiij^^ yere of the same Kyng, that is by one hoole yere as 
 folio with ; that is to say 
 
 ffirst, the said accomptaunts accompted and charge themself 
 the money by them recevyed at their entrye into theire 
 office of John Sponer to the some of xvj^ xvij^ ij^ 
 
 " Recvyed for fynes 
 
 ffirst of Maister Chambleyne of London for a 
 
 fyne lost by E-ob* Wells for romaunce * . ij^ 
 
 Item — for a fyne lost by Rob* Calven for the same ij^ 
 
 Item — for a fyne lost by Thomas Berys . . ij^ 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 Sum recevyed for fynes . . viij^ vj^ 
 
 Eecejrved of Nine Brothers admitted and taken 
 
 into the Lyvery this yere. .vj^ viij^ ech.. . iij^ 
 
 Receyved of Brethren 
 
 Rec^ of the Masse Money . . vij« iiij^ 
 S"^ „ of there Quarterage . . 
 S"^ „ for ablyng and admission of 10 
 
 Apprentices at iij® iiij^ ech . xxx^ iiij*^ 
 
 30 of the Brethren paid xij^ ech and ij^ for Masse 
 28 „ „ viijd „ jd 
 
 19 „ „ iiijd 
 
 17 „ „ jd and 1 forgiven by the Maister. 
 
 Item — Rec^ of Rob* Pynchbek of Almes Money 
 
 restyng in his hands . . . . vj^ viij^ 
 
 Item — at djrnner for Sonday and Monday for the 
 
 Lyvery xlix^ 
 
 Item — for Monday for them out of the Lyvery . xvij® x^ 
 
 S"^ Rec^ for the Dyn^ of both daies . . iij^ vj® x^ 
 
 * A Romance is a mere fiction or lie. A Romancer is a teller of lies, tales, 
 or false stories. — Phillips's New World of Words ^ 1706. 
 
47 
 
 Item — Rec^ for the Barge hire* at both tynies . xix^ iiij^ 
 Payments made by the said Accomptants 
 
 First — Paid for iij Baners, Stuff and Workmanship xxxiij^ iiij^ 
 
 Item — for a cofyn & a roUynt Pin for the same Baners xx^ 
 
 Item — Paid to Ric^ Watson for entryng of the Juells 
 
 and Goods belonging to the Crafte into this Boke viij^ 
 
 Item — ^Paid to the same for a Wrytyng sealed by 
 
 the hoole Compentry ...... xvj^ 
 
 Item — P^ to the same for a bill delyvrded to the 
 
 Mayr for going to Fayres . . . . . ij^ 
 
 Item — Paid at Brewer's Hallef for ij daies assemblyng viij^ 
 
 Item — P^ at Armorer's HalleJ likewise for ij daies . viij^ 
 
 Item— P^ to Will"^ Mepell, Clerk for his Wage by 
 
 the Yere xvj^ viij^ 
 
 Item — P^ to hym towards his Gowne . . xiiij^ iiij^ 
 
 Item — Delyvred to our Brethren not Dynyg w* 
 
 the Shereff vj^ iiij^ 
 
 * The City companies continued to hire barges for state occasions long after 
 this period. In 1636 it was thought beneath the dignity of the Grocers' Com- 
 pany to appear in a barge which was not their own, and accordingly the 
 "Wardens were empowered to contract for the construction of " a fair and large 
 barge for the use of this Company ; and that they should take care for the pro- 
 vision of a house and place for the safe keeping of the said barge." — Knighfs 
 London^ vol. vi. 146. 
 
 t Then is Adle Street, not far from thence is Brewers' Hall, a fair house, 
 which Company of Brewers was incorporated by King Henry YI. — Stow. 
 
 X On the East side of Coleman Street, almost at the North end thereof, is the 
 Armourers' Hall, which Company of Armourers were made a fraternity or guild 
 of St. George, with a Chantry in the Chapel of St. Thomas, in St. Paule's 
 Church, in the first of Henry VI. — Stow. 
 
48 
 
 And to our Brethren not Dynyg the Maire 
 
 likewise* iiij*^ 
 
 Item — to Smith, Yeoman of the Chamber 
 for bryntynt John Banye to the Compter . . . 
 from the Compter to my Lord the Mayre and 
 from thence to Newgatte, and from Newgatte 
 to the Guyldhalle . . . . . xvj^ 
 
 Item — to Rob* Horn, Yeoman of the Chambre 
 for bryng}Tig of Will"^ Apprentice the 
 good wyfe Chetwynd into Newgatte, and from 
 Newgatte to Guyldhalle .... viij^ 
 
 Item — P^ to the Waxchandler for ij torchets 
 
 weynt iij quart^^^ vj* 
 
 Item — For x square tapres made ageinst 
 Lawrence Day weynt xj^^ and for vj^^ of 
 newe Wax put thereto .... iiij^ iiij^ 
 
 * The 23rd Henry VIII. these companies had place at the Mayor's Feast in 
 
 GuildhaU in order as foUoweth — 
 
 Persons. Messes. 
 
 Mercers .... .... 17 .... 6 
 
 Grocers .... 16 .... 4 
 
 Drapers .... .... 12 .... 4 
 
 Fishmongers .... .... 12 .... 4 
 
 Goldsmiths rt:^ 10 3 
 
 Skinners .... .... § 8 .... 3 
 
 Merchant Taylors ^ 9 .... 3 
 
 Vintners ^ 6 .... 2 
 
 Ironmongers ..... .... ^ 4 .... 4| 
 
 Haberdashers . . H 14 .... 4 J 
 
 Salters 8 2J 
 
 Dyers 6 2 
 
 Founders .... .... 1 1 
 
 In all sixty Companies. 
 
 So that at the Feast of Richard Gresham, the 23rd Henry VIII. were messes of 
 meat III5, and guests of the freemen entertained at Guildhall 273, besides the 
 >^'arden of each company, reckoning two to each company, 120 — in all 393. 
 
49 
 
 Item — Wasted in gijTit of the Wax of the old 
 
 tapres iij^^® price ..... ij® 
 
 Item — For ij torchetts ageinst our Lady Day 
 
 th' Assumption ..... iiij^ 
 
 Item — for the Wyndynt Shete for Edward 
 
 Jordan's Wife viij^ 
 
 Item — to Moder Campion on Michaelmas 
 
 Day towards her House Rent ... xij^ 
 
 Item — P^ to Will'^ Perry wekely from Midsom^' 
 Day unto Martyn's Day, that is xxj wekes, 
 Every weke xxj^ and ij weke folowynt iiij^ ij^ 
 
 Item — P^ for Barge hyre w^ the Shireff and the 
 
 Maire xvj^ iiij^ 
 
 Item — For Rushes and Drjmkyng money to the 
 
 Barge Men at both tymes .... xvj^ 
 
 Item — P^ for our Masse ij Decons viij^, to Rob* 
 Holmes iij^ iiij^. Item to the ij Parish Clerks 
 viij^. to the Sextyn for attendyng our ... by 
 the yere, and for wrytyng xij^ . . . , iiij^ 
 
 Item — P^ for our Dyn^^ on both Daies . . viij^ viij^ 
 
 Item — to Rich^ Watson for wrytyng into this 
 boke certeyn Articles of our Ordinances, and 
 our Dyn^" p'tularly, and also for wrytyng & 
 makyng this Accompte . . . . ij^ iiij^ 
 
 This Accompte was receyved and allowed so that 
 
 ther rested clier in the Box . . . xiij^ vj^ viij^ 
 
 Whereof was delyvred afore the Compentny to 
 
 Randolfe Austyne iij^ and to Thomas Halifax iij^ 
 
 Also was delyvred to the New Maister all things conteyned in 
 the Inventorye before in the Boke specified. 
 
 Paid in Almes Money . . liij^ iiij*^ 
 
50 
 
 Recevyed for Fines : 
 
 First of Robert Hopson for revylyng a Brother 
 
 Item of Robert Bancroft for Workyng by Nyght xx^ 
 
 Item of John Pynchbeck for late comyng to Powles . .iij^ 
 
 1505 Paid to WiUiamMivell, Clerk & Bedell for a yere. .xyj« iiij^ 
 
 1506 Mem.— the y^' Henry VII. then being Wardens 
 Randolphe Austen Maister, Edmonde Borde & Rob^ SetcoU, 
 Robert Bassett presented them in the Court of Exchequer for 
 takyng of hym a fyne of 3V4^ for which they were condemned 
 in a penalty of £40. for which they sold the plate & w* the 
 money that they toke for the Juells & wHhe money that was in 
 the Boxe they went and payd it unto the Tresorer, and so they 
 were clerly discharged agenst ouer Soveryng Lord the Kyng. 
 
 And the imediately servyng next, in the 22^*^ yere of the 
 Kyng, the Master and Wardens w* many others thus seeing 
 the Goods goon and loste by reason of the takyng of presump- 
 tion of the mind of the forsaid Randolphe Austin the sayd 
 :^Tie of 3V4^ Av^owte any consell of any of the feleshippe of 
 the Crafte ; the new Master and Wardens toke Consell, and so 
 caused him to be called before my Lord Chancellor into the Star 
 Chamber,* and caused the sayd Randolfe with the other too. 
 
 * So called from the Starr a, or Jewish accounts, deposited there by Eichard I. 
 No Star was allowed to be valid except found in these repositories, and here they 
 remained until the banishment of the Jews by Edward I. — HaydrHs Dates. 
 
 The judicature of the court of Star Chamber appears to have originated in 
 the exercise of a criminal and civil jurisdiction by the King's Council, and was 
 considered as an encroachment upon the common law, and being the subject of 
 frequent complaint by the Commons, was greatly abridged by several Acts of 
 Parliament in the reign of Edward III. The proceeding in this Court was 
 tedious and troublesome ; during the last century of its existence every variety 
 of punishment, short of death, vf ere often inflicted upon a mere oral proceeding, 
 without hearing the accused, without a written charge or record of any kind, 
 and without appeal. A proposal for the entire abolition was adopted without 
 opposition in both Houses of Parliament, 16th Charles I. — National Cyclopcedia. 
 
51 
 
 to make and bryiig forthe all the goods, plate, redyinony, and 
 other thyngs that belongyd unto the Crafte as good as ever 
 it was before the sute, to the grete coste and damage of all the 
 outhers before named and to the grett hyndrance, they bering 
 the cooste of all the hooU matter upon ther owne goodes." 
 
 1514 6tt Henry VIIL Dec, 11. 3Ionoux, Maior, Bep. 2, fo. 206. 
 
 At this Court Thomas Halyfax p'myssed to delyer to- 
 morrow the Chest w^ certen plate and other goodes belongyng 
 to the Founders, accordyng to the Bill of Complaynt of d'vse 
 of the Crafte of Founders, to the intent that the sayd Chest 
 shall remayne in the Chapell of the Chyrche of Margarett 
 of Lothbury,* as of old tyme accustomed hath ben used.'' 
 
 1519 This is the Coste of your Soper the xx^^ day of Auguste 
 in the xi*^ yere of Kyng Henry the viij*^. Then beyng 
 Mr. Davy Myllys, Thomas Seton, and WiUiam Knyght, 
 Wardens wyth hym. 
 
 " Item — The fyrste corss, Scholdyes of Moton, and backs, 
 conye and pycke to the second corss beyng rostyd. 
 
 Ite^n. For the Bocher. 
 Item — Payd for iij doz. Scholdyrs of Moton , . . . . .ix*^ 
 
 Item — Leegths of Moton a doz iij® 
 
 Item — xij lbs. of Sebyts . .xij^ xij Marybonnes . . xij^ 
 Item — ij neeks of Moton. .vj^ Sum xiij® vj^ 
 
 * " Now for tlie north side of this Lothburie, upon the water-course of 
 Walbrooke, have ye a proper parish Church called St. Margaret, which seemeth 
 to be newly re-edified and built about the year 1440 ; for Robert Large gave to 
 the Choir of that Church, one hundred shillings and twenty pounds for orna- 
 ments ; more, to the vaulting over the water-course of Walbrook by the said 
 church, for the enlarging thereof two hundred Marks. 
 
 " By the west end of the church have ye a fair water conduit, built at the 
 charges of the city in 1546. This water is conveyed in great abundance in 
 divers springs lying betwixt Hoxton and Iseldon." — Stow, 
 
 B 2 
 
52 
 
 The Paltur. 
 
 Item — Firste iij dox. Conys & ij P^^s vj' viij^ 
 
 Item — viij doz. Pegons vi® ix^ ij Keyss xij^ 
 
 Item — ij C Hecks. . . . ij^ ij Pygks xij^ 
 
 Item — ^iiij dysshes of Better viij^ Sum xvij^ ix^ 
 
 Item — Forhyer of y® P'slie iiij® viij^ Payd for vj Pycks . . viij^ 
 Item — Payd for a ft of Pepper, .xviij^ Payd for an oz. of 
 Saffron, .xij^ 
 
 Item — vj ft of Corss Sukyr ij^ vj^ A ft of fyne Sukyr v"^ 
 
 Item — vj lb small Ressons. .viij^ iij lb Dayts ix^ 
 
 Item — A q*^ of Cloavys and Mass ij"^ 
 
 Item — iij lb of Prownys . . Sum xxvj^ ij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for GawUons of Gasskyn Wyne . .iiij-^ 
 
 Item — Payd for a Gall, of Mosscadell xvj^ 
 
 Sum v^ iiij*^ 
 
 Item — Payd for Breyd v^ ij^ ij Barrels of Coals, .vij^ iiij^ 
 Item — ij Bushells and a peck of Bastard Floor . . . .iij^ ix^ 
 
 Item — A Kyllderkyn of Beyr. .xi^ Sum xvij^ ij^ 
 
 Sum of the Soper iiij^ iiij^ vij^'' 
 
 1519 " Item- — Payd to your Bedyll for the yere xx^ 
 
 Item — Payd to your Sargant for a yere vj^ viij^ 
 
 Item — for a Queyr of Paper ij^ 
 
 Item — Payd at Ledyrsellers HalP for a semelyntt i]^ 
 
 1522 Item — Payd to y® Wax Chandler for the Beryin lychtf at 
 Sen Margetts in Lodbery viij "Wax Tap^^ weynt Images 
 xxix lb. Of thys ther was xxi lb. pris the lb. x^ the sum of all 
 payment is xviij^ ij^ " 
 
 ♦ Leathersellers' Hall at this period was in London Wall, on the site now 
 occupied by Leathersellers* Buildings. — CGmmtmicated hy Mr. Vinds, Clerk to 
 the Company. 
 
 t The custom of using torches and lights at funerals appears to have been 
 of long standing. The learned Gregory informs us that ^* the Funeral Tapers, 
 
53 
 
 1522 Item — In the list of the payments by the Brethren and 
 Sisters of the Crafte this year there appears — 
 Fifteen who paid 12^ 
 Sixty do. 8^ 
 
 OneSyster do. 12^ 
 Three do. do. 8^ 
 One do. do. 4^ 
 Five no payment.'' 
 
 1528 Item — Spent at the Maydens Hede when the 
 
 Wardens was Sworne . . . . ' 
 
 iijs 
 
 viij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for Asemblyng at Mr. Comyn's place 
 
 
 yd 
 
 Item — Payd for a of Wyne . . 
 
 
 iiij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for a Kylderkyn of AUe . . 
 
 ij^ 
 
 iiij^ 
 
 Item — Payd to Dyneslay the Bocchur for flyssh. . 
 
 vj^ 
 
 ^ ix^ 
 
 Item — Paydto Abreme the Poulter for xiij Rabbets 
 
 ij^ 
 
 iiij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for V gese . . 
 
 
 ' ix^ 
 
 Item — Payd for ij Doz^ pegyns . . 
 
 
 xviij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for halfe 0 of Eggys 
 
 
 
 however thought of by some, are of harmless import. Their meaning is to shew 
 that the departed souls are not quite put out, but having walked here as children 
 of light, are now gone to walk before God in the light of the living." 
 
 Dr. Pegge observes, " little was done in these ages of gross Popery without 
 lights. The Torches it is considered were made of wax, which in ordinary 
 cases were let out by the Church and charged to the party according to the 
 consumption at the moment. Thus in Coates's History of Beading^ page 215, in 
 the Churchwarden's accounts of St. Lawrence parish, a.d. 1502, — " Itm. Rec. 
 of Wast of Torchis at the berying of Sir John Hide, ij» vj*^ a.d. 1503 — Itm. 
 Rec. for "Wast of Torchis at the Beryng of John Long, Vicar of Sonyng, Maister 
 of the Gram"^ Scole vi^ viij^^ " — Brand's Antiq. vol. ii. 181. 
 
 Though the corpse had been buried, the funeral rites were not yet over, all 
 through the month following. Placebo, and Dirige, and Masses, continued to be 
 said in the Church — and lights more or less in number, sometimes all day and 
 night, sometimes only during the services, were kept burning there. 
 
 Rock, ii. 516. 
 
54 
 
 1529 Item — Payd for Asemblyng at Armourers' Hall 
 
 xvj*^ January . . . . . . . . . . 
 
 Item — Payd for makyng viij square tap^^* for the 
 
 heme lyglitf of Saynt M'rgret in Lothebury at 
 
 the feste of Ester 
 
 
 iiijd 
 
 Item — Payd for x Capons 
 
 
 
 Item — for vj brests of Veal & nj Marybonys & e 
 
 
 
 Dobyll Rompe of Beffe 
 
 Vjs 
 
 viij^ 
 
 Item — for a Sawmon 
 
 . x^ 
 
 
 Item — ^for ij gallons of Wyne 
 
 
 xx^ 
 
 Item — for bere and alle . . 
 
 
 xv^ 
 
 Item — Payd for ij neks of Motton 
 
 
 vij^ 
 
 Item — Payd for a payle of Yeste 
 
 
 iij^- 
 
 Item — Payd for Spyss 
 
 vij« 
 
 ix^ 
 
 1531 Rewyd for Q'rage of Brethren & Systers as it 
 
 doth appear in y^ other Boke . . . . iij^ vij^ iiij^'' 
 
 * Square Tapers, — Square Candles are now in liturgical use in tlie western parts 
 of tlie Church. An old square wax candle, ornamented with figures of Saints in 
 low relief, which was shown to me not long ago, I think is of ancient Eussian 
 workmanship. These square candles seem to have heen much employed at 
 one time. Eobert, Earl of Sufiblk, who died a.d. 1369, says " I will that five 
 square tapers and four mortars, besides torches shall bum about my corpse at my 
 funeral," Testamenta Vetusta, i. 74, as quoted by Eock, The Church of our 
 Fathers, iii. 71. 
 
 t That piece of timber upon which the rood loft stood, was often called the 
 rood beam, sometimes the candle beam, from the tapers being stuck there upon 
 their laton branches, to bum at the foot of the cmcifix or rood. — Br. Bochy The 
 Church of our Fathers^ vol. iii. 470-1. 
 
 Gervase, the monk of Canterbury, in his description of that Cathedral, makes 
 the following statement :~" Under the great Tower was erected the Altar of the 
 Holy Cross, and a screen which separated the Tower from the nave : a beam was 
 laid across, and upon the middle of this beam a great Cross, with images of the 
 Blessed Virgin and St. John, and two cherubim." — Puginy on Chancel 
 Screens y ^c, 21. 
 
 Extract from the Churchwarden's account of St. Mary-at-Hill, London 
 *' 1497. Item. For makyng clone of Standard Candlesticks, Braunches, with 
 the bolls of laten upon the beame of the rode loft anenst the fest of Est. A.D. 
 ) 486."—/^/^, 72. 
 
55 
 
 1536 Be in remembrance y^ 23 day of October y® 27^^ yere 
 of the reygne of King Henry VIII^^ at a Court &c., &c., It 
 was condescented and agreed to at y® Master's Fest, Every 
 Man in the Lyvery shall pay for h^ Dyner 2/. whether Man 
 & Wyfe, or the Man lone be ther, or not be ther, in towne or 
 not in towne, whether they come or come not, they shal pay no 
 less than 2/. as afoyrnamed." 
 
 1536 Thys byll wytnessyth y^ it y« condyssendyd & agreed of all 
 y^ Company y^ y^ Quartrage shal be p^ q'uerly y^ fyrst day 
 asenyght befor Allholows day (1 November) y® sechond day 
 asenyght befor Candyllmas (2 February) y^ iij^^ day asenyght 
 befor May-Day, Ye iiij^^ day, asenyght befor C^^mas." * 
 
 1538 30^A Henry VIIL Nov, 10. Gresham, Maior, Rep, 1, fo, 4. 
 
 Obyt of the Queue, 
 " At thys Corte y* was agreed that a solemn Hersef shal be 
 made in Poules wyth iiij great candlesticks w* iiij great Tapers, 
 and the Herse to be garnyshed w* xxx other great Tapers w^ ij 
 Branches of Yirgyn waxe, and the same to be garnyshed w* 
 Black Clothe and w* the Queues Armys. And upon Monday 
 next at afternoone the great Belles in every Church at one of 
 the clocke to be rounge, and so contynue tyll three, and then 
 
 * The accounts for this year shew that the sum of £56 . 2 . 11 was 
 received, and £78 .9.2 expended, leaving a halance of £22 .6.3 due to the 
 Master. 
 
 t To receive the dead body, there used to be put up for churchmen and 
 nobles, in the middle of the choir, for all others, in the nave of the Church, a 
 " Hearse," which was a lofty framework of wood, usually of four, but sometimes 
 for high personages, of six and even eight posts, with another springing in the 
 upper story from the centre, all of them so bound round with fine black cloth, 
 silk, or velvet, as to hide the timbers. From these uprights, technically called 
 
 principals," as well as from the ribs which spanned the top, and kept the whole 
 together, sprouted out hundreds of gilt metal branches for wax tapers ; and dotted 
 all over amid them, drooped a great many small flags or pennoncels. 
 
 Rock^ ii. 495-6. 
 
56 
 
 all the Belles in every Churche to ryng tyll vi of the clocke. 
 Aiid my Lord Maior and Sheriffes to contynue by y^ space of 
 xiiij daies. And also agreed that all the Aldermen shall goe in 
 Black ; and agreed that at twoo of the clocke in the afternoone 
 to assemble here upon Monday next, and that at afternoone a 
 solemn obyt to be kept at Powles, and on the morowe the 
 Masse, and that of ev'ry Churche twoo prestos shal give 
 attendance, every one in theyre surplesses, and the sayd prestos 
 to be devyded in fyve places, in our Lady Chappell, St. George's 
 Chappell and St. Dunstan's, the great Chappells on the North 
 and South parte. And that warnynge be gyven by the clerke 
 of every Churche to the Churchwardens of every Churche and 
 officer of my Lord Mayres to goe Weste and another Easte. 
 Also to gyve warnynge to the Churchwardens that the Belles 
 of every Churche upon Tuesday next shal begynne at ix of the 
 clocke and contynue untyll xi of the clocke aforenoone, and 
 •then the Great Belles of every Churche to ryng alone tyll 
 xii of the clocke by stryken, and that my Lorde for his 
 officers viij black gownes shall have, and every one of the 
 Sheriffes to have iiij a piece at the cost of thys Cytie, and that 
 Mr. Recorder shall have xxxiij^ iv^. The Chamberlayne, the 
 under Chamberlayne, and the Town Clerk, every one of them 
 xx^ a piece by the comandment of the Lord Mayre.'' 
 
 1539 31.s-^ Henry VIIL Dec. 10. HoUys, Maior, 14, fo, 147. 
 
 By the Maior. 
 
 " We wyll and comande you upon the Kynge o^' Sov'aign 
 Lords byhalf that w*yn vi dayes next comyng p^pare a convenynt 
 Barge for y^ Companye y^ y^' best lyvery, the sayd Barge to 
 be aft^ the best manor ap'pelled w* Banners, Targets, and 
 Minstrelsy, as y^ wyll answer to the Kyng's highness at yo^ 
 uttermost pyrill. Gyven at the Gujldhall the x*^^ day of 
 December y^* in xxxi^* yere of the reigne of o'" Sov'aign Lord 
 Kynge Henry the viij^^." 
 
 Ryshton. 
 
57 
 
 1540 These be charges at the thorofare of Queen Kathrine — * 
 Item — for a grene fyshe, a gryle of Saltsawmond, 
 
 & a haberdyne. . 
 
 
 
 Item — for Brede vj^, Bere, Ale, & fagots viij*^, 
 
 
 
 Butter ij*^ 
 
 
 xvj<J 
 
 Item — for Hyre of the Barge 
 
 xiij^ 
 
 iiijd 
 
 Item — Payd for Bowers and Steersmen . . 
 
 
 
 Item — Payd for the Hyre of an Instrument 
 
 
 xx"! 
 
 Item — Payd for Cords and Packthread 
 
 
 
 Item — for Oysters . . 
 
 
 
 Item — Payd in Dr}Tikyng Money to the Rowyers. . 
 
 
 
 Item — Payd to the Clerk for Playyng of the 
 
 
 
 Instrument 
 
 
 iiijd" 
 
 1544 The Sisters of theCrafte are described as " Mestres Yaughan, 
 Grysby's Wjdfe, Goodwyfe Morphybett, Mother Lawyng/' 
 &c., &c. 
 
 " Rec*^ of the Crafte Money . . . . . . xxxiij^ 
 
 Rec^ of the Yeomanry's Money . . • • iiij^ 
 Rec^ for Quartrage of o^ Brethren & the 
 
 Company of the Crafte . . . . . . xlviij® vij^ 
 
 Rec^ for ablyng of fyve prentyzes . . • • xij® y]^ 
 Rec^ of players for playing in the Hall . . viij^ 
 Rec^ upon a Gagef the which is a Standyng 
 Cuppe . . . . . . . . . . xl^ 
 
 Among the payments this Year are the following — 
 
 " Item — To the Lyvery when the Mayor went to 
 Westminster to make merry w* all . . . . x^ 
 Item — to the Beddyll for his q^'^ Wages . . . . 
 
 * On the 8tli of August, 1530, Katharine Howard was introduced by Henry 
 at Hampton Court as his Queen, and on the 15th was publicly prayed for 
 throughout the realm as Queen of England. But the day, the hour, the wit- 
 nesses, and the person by whom the nuptial benediction was pronounced, are 
 not on record. — Miss Strickland' s Queens of England^ III. 120, edit. 1854. 
 
 t A pledge. 
 
58 
 
 Item— for making of a copy of Henry Allen's 
 
 Words ij^ 
 
 Item— Payd to the Kyng y^ xxiiij*^ Apryll, xxxvj*^ 
 
 yere Henry viij*^ . . . . . • • • xxx^ 
 Item— Payd to Adam Wood, Clerk of Crafte for 
 
 his fyrst Wages . . . . . . . . 
 
 Item — Payd for bryngyng Harry Allen to Ward xij^ 
 Item — Payd at the Three Towns certayne of 
 
 our Companie for a quart of Ma^sey . . . . iij^ 
 
 1544 ^^^^ ^^^^ Common Council was passed for 
 
 retrenching the extravagant method of living by the Lord 
 Mayor, Aldermen, Sheriffs and City Companies, in which it 
 was enacted that thenceforth they should have no more than 
 one course, either at Dinner or Supper ; and that on a Festival, 
 being a flesh day, they should have no more than seven dishes, 
 whether hot or cold ; and on every Festival being a fish day 
 eight dishes, exclusive of Brawn, CoUops with Eggs, Sallads, 
 Pottage, Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Herrings, Sprats and Shrimps, 
 together with all sorts of shell fish and fruits. That the 
 Aldermen and Sherifi's should have one dish less than the 
 Lord Mayor, and all the City Companies at their several 
 Entertainments, the same number of dishes as the Aldermen 
 and Sherifl's, but with this restriction, to have neither Swan, 
 Crane, nor Bustard, provided always that no other entertainment 
 be given after dinner than Ipocrass and Wafers. It was also 
 enacted in consideration of the great and annual expense the 
 Mayor and Sheriffs were at in providing a sumptuous entertain- 
 ment every Lord Mayor's day at the Guildhall, for the honor 
 of the City, and regaling persons of the greatest distinction, 
 that every subsequent Mayor, as an alleviation of that charge, 
 should be paid out of the Chamber of the City, the sum of 
 One Hundred Pounds." — Harrison's London, p. 207. 
 
 1556 Alderman Draper, of Cordwainers' Ward, first instituted the 
 office of Bellman, whose business was to go about the Ward by 
 
59 
 
 Night, and ringing his Bell at certain places, exhort the 
 inhabitants, with an audible voice, to take care of their fires 
 and lights, to help the poor, and to pray for the dead. This 
 institution was soon after adopted in all the wards of the City. 
 
 1549 SrdUdtvard VL Feb 13. Hill, Maior, Rep. 12. fo, 202. 
 
 The Byll of Pet^con of the Founders agaynst cer'ten 
 Pverse Psons of theire Felowship was red, and afterwarde 
 bothe the pities here herde thereon, the further examination 
 of the contents of the sayd Byll was comytted to M^' Wylforde, 
 
 Hynd and M^* Lambe, Ald"^; and the next Courte daye 
 before Easter next comyng to make reporte here what they 
 shal percevyre therein. 
 
 Rec^ of Players for playing in the Hall . . . . 
 Rec^ for Sweryng of iiij men to the Crafte . . iiij^ 
 Rec^ for the Hall for a Weddyng iiij^ 
 
 1550 Payd for Bread and Drynke when the Aldermen satt 
 
 at our Hall . . . . . . . . . . viij^ 
 
 1550 These be the costes for the beryng of John Wells : — 
 
 Imprimis — delyyyd for hys kepyng for the space of a "Wek xx^ 
 Item — for hys Pytt and hys Knell . . . . . . xiiij ^ 
 
 Item — for a W}Tidyng Schete . . ; . . . . x^ 
 
 Item — for ij torche berarrs . . . . . . . . ij^ 
 
 Item — for ofieryng . . . . . . . . • • 
 
 1551 " Item — In the tyme of Rob* Reynolds Master (1535) w^ 
 assente and consent of all ther Company it was accorded, that 
 from that tyme forth the Maister and Wardeyns for the yere 
 to come shal be chosen in forme foUowynt, that is to say : 
 Upon Saturday next after the Fest of the Assumption of our 
 Ladye yerely (15 Aug*) the Maister & Ward^^ for the tyme 
 beyngt and all ther that have ben Maisters & Ward'^^ shal 
 
60 
 
 asemble at a certeyn place assyngsd by the M & W for the 
 tyme bepigt, and ther they shal elect and chose ij p^sones 
 which have ben Wardeyns, and longest out of ofiice, and 
 other ij which have not ben Wardeyns, all able to here the 
 office. And then upon the morow Sunday at Dyner, if a 
 DjTicr be made, or at Souper if no Djuer be made, the ij 
 WardejTLS for the tyme beyng shal chose one of the ij which 
 have ben Wardeyns, and other of the ij which have not been 
 Wardeyns so named on the Saturday, for to be Ward^^^ the 
 yere folowynt. And that the Old Maister and the ij old 
 Wardeyns and ij New Wardeyns shall name and chose at the 
 end of every ij yeres the Maister for to stande in office the 
 space of ij yeres then next ensuynt." 
 
 1552 Qth Edtvard VL July 24. Dobhes, Maior, Bep. 12. fo. 505^ 
 
 This day the Wardeyns of the Founders brought in ther 
 Book of the Ordynances, wh^^ remaynes w^ the Town Clerk, 
 and they were comandyd to stay orderyng of the matter ag^^ 
 
 Rob* Langworth a Founder who maryed the Wydowe of 
 
 Wyle, Founder, tyll ther sayd Ordynance shalbe p^'^used by 
 the Courte/' 
 
 1552 6th Edward VL August 6. 
 
 " Item — After debating of the mater in varyance betwene 
 R Langworth and his feloshipe, it was finally agreed that he 
 the said Langworth shall stand to my Lord Mayor's Order 
 thereon." 
 
 1553 7th Edward VL April 27. Barnes, Maior, Bep. 13. fo, 44. 
 
 " Forasmuch as after the informa'con made unto thys Corte 
 by the Wardeyns ageynst certayne Alien Borne, that of late 
 hathe broughte certeyne Andyrons * and other thyngs made of 
 
 * The ornamental irons on each side of the hearth in old houses, which were 
 accompanied with small rests for the ends of the logs. 
 
61 
 
 Latten, into this Cytie to be soldo contrary to the forme of 
 P^'honent made in the tyme of Kyng Edward the 4^^, it was 
 disclosed by the sayd Wardeyns that the Kynges Attorney 
 was alreadye informed thereof, they were comytted to the 
 Comon Lawe for the same," 
 
 1553 " Item — Payd for the charge of our Frame at the 
 
 Coronation of Queen Mary* . . xxiiij^ 
 
 1555 Pay afor the setting up o^ Standyng when the 
 
 Queen came through the Citie . . . . iij^ 
 
 1557 Resevde at the offeringe at the Masse . . . . iij^ 
 Paide unto the presto for syngyng Masse . . xyJ^ 
 Paide to the Gierke for his paynes . . . . iij*^ iiij^ 
 Paide for drynke for the Clarke . . . . ix^ " 
 
 1558 In the fyrste year of the Raynge of o^ Soverayng ladye 
 Elizabeth, Queue of England, Frannce & Ireland, &c. 
 
 * " On the last day of September, the Queen rode in great state from the 
 Tower, through the City of London towards Westminster, setting in a chariot 
 covered with Cloth of Gold. Before her rode the Lord Mayor of London, clad 
 in crimson velvet, bearing the Sceptre of Gold. After the Queen's chariot. Sir 
 Edward Hastings led her horse in hand : and then came another chariot covered 
 all over with white silver cloth, wherein sat side by side, with smiling faces, 
 the Princess Elizabeth, and our old fair-complexioned and contented friend 
 The Lady Anne of Cleves. The enumeration of the rest of the train would 
 excite little interest ; but there were two other chariots covered with red satin, 
 with hosts of gentlemen and gentlewomen riding on horseback in crimson satin ; 
 and there was much wine running in the streets ; and there were pageants and 
 conjurings at certain stages all the way from Cornhill and Cheap to Charing 
 Cross, where the Queen took leave of the Lord Mayor, giving him gracious 
 thanks for his pains, and the City for their cost and loyalty. 
 
 *'At this coronation the Princess Elizabeth carried the Crown. It is said that she 
 whispered to the French Ambassador Noailles * that it was very heavy,' and 
 that he replied, * Be patient, it will seem lighter when it is on your own head.' " 
 — Pict. Hist. Englandy vol. ii. pp. 507, 8. 
 
62 
 
 Payde to the Bargemen for hyer of a Barge the 
 xii^^ daye of Janiver to re®^ the Company at 
 the Quene's com}Tige from Westmynster* . . xiiij^ 
 
 Payde for settynge up the Rayle at the comyng in 
 
 of Quene Elizabeth . . . . . . . . iij^ 
 
 Payde for AUmaner of charge as by a byll declared 
 for charge at o'' Feast Dyner . . . .vij^ 
 
 Payde to the Syngyne Men in the Barge . . iiij^ 
 
 Payde unto Master Verene f for preachinge . . 
 
 Resevyed of M^ Cryan a fyne for unconvenient 
 
 words between Thomas Stepney and hym . • viij^ 
 Resevyde of Thomas Stepney for the same fawte viij*^ 
 
 * " On the 12tli of January, the Queen took her barge and went down the 
 river, being attended by the Lord Mayor and Citizens, and greeted with peals of 
 ordnance, with music, and many triumphant shows on the water. She landed 
 at the Tower ; but this time it was not as a criminal at the Traitors' Gate, but 
 as a triumphant Queen preparing for her coronation. 
 
 Two days after, the Queen rode with great majesty out of the Tower most 
 honorably accompanied. The Lord Mayor and Citizens had been lavish of their 
 loyalty and their money, and all the streets through which the procession passed 
 on its way to Westminster were furnished with stately pageants, sumptuous 
 shows, and cunning devices. The figures of the Queen's grandfather and 
 grandmother, father and mother, were brought upon the stage, and Henry YIII. 
 and Anne Bole^Ti, with a glorious forgetfulness of the past, were seen walking 
 lovingly together. In another pageant. Time led forth his daughter Truth, and 
 Truth greeting Her Majesty, presented to her an English Bible, which the 
 Queen accepted with a gracious countenance, and reverently kissing it and 
 pressing it to her bosom, said that she would oft times read that Holy Book. 
 * Be ye well assured,' said Elizabeth to the people, * I shall stand your good 
 Queen,' — a promise which in the whole was gloriously kept." — Fictorial History 
 of England, Vol. II. p. 541. 
 
 t This is no doubt J ohn Veron, a popular preacher at this time. He was 
 ordained Deacon at Fulham, by Bishop Ridley, on August the 2nd, 1551, and 
 Priest on the 24th of the same month. He became Rector of St. Martin's at 
 Ludgate, on March the 8th, 1559, and obtained the Vicarage of St. Sepulchre's, 
 October the 21st, 1560. He is frequently noticed as a preacher in Machyn's 
 Diary y published by the Camden Society in 1848. 
 
63 
 
 Resevyde a fyne of M^* Couche for gojTige to o^' 
 Lady Fayre wythe owte — & searched owte 
 
 lycens. . . . . . . . . . . . iiij^ 
 
 Eesevyde of Richard Hill for a Weddjug . . xij^ 
 
 Resevyde of a Haberdasher for a Weddjug , . iij^ 
 
 Resevyde of Mother Goodwyne for a Weddyng , . xij^ " 
 
 1558 The Company at this tyme consisted of" 
 
 19 Members who payd iij^ a quarter 
 
 54 styled Masters of the Yeomanry payng ij^ a q^' 
 
 11 Strangers iij^ a quarter 
 
 11 Jorn}Tnen Strangers ij^ a quarter. 
 
 1561 Item for the Djuer at the chosynge of the 
 
 Wardens . . . . . . . . . . iij^ xi< 
 
 Paid for the Court Dyner iiij^ and for the 
 
 Dyner at the Mayres feast . . . . xj'^ 
 
 1563 The Chargys of Masters Dynner y^ 29^^ of August 
 
 Payde for xj Capons to boyll and to roste xvij*^ 
 
 Payde for a Turkey Hene ij^ 
 
 Payde for vj Gesse 
 
 Payde for xiiij Rabbetts iiij' iiij^ 
 
 Payde for ij dossen of Pygyons ij^ iiij^ 
 
 Payde for xij stone and v lb. of Beffe xij^ vj^ 
 
 Payde for v legs of Motton iij' vj^ 
 
 Payde for viij pounds of Showitt & longe Marybones iij^ iiij"^ 
 
 Payde for jx dossen and a halfe of Bred ix^ vj^ 
 
 Payde for iiij galones of Creme vij^ viij^ 
 
 Payde for a Boshell of fyne floor ij^ viij^ 
 
64 
 
 Payde for vj gallones & a of Wyne mtlie a of 
 
 Moscadyn vij^ 
 
 Payde to the Mynstrells ij' iiij^ 
 
 Payde to the Coke for hys laborars vj^ 
 
 Payde for Watter iiij^ 
 
 Payde for a pynte of Eosse Watter^ vj^ 
 
 Payde for p^per Nutmegs, Gynger, Suger, &c vj^ vj^ 
 
 Payde for vj lbs. Oorrants, iiij lbs. Prunys, & ij lbs 
 
 Datts y viij^ 
 
 &c. &c. &c. 
 
 Som tot vj^ ix^ " 
 
 1564 Payde to the Bedell for hys hoUe yeres Wages xxvj^ viij"^ 
 
 1566 " Auditors of this Accompte the xvij of October An^ 1566. 
 
 Faucner, Langwith, Asbeys, Genyt. 
 
 And we the sayd Auditores do find by thys accompte due to 
 the House all things discharged the some of xiiij^ xvj^ and ij 
 Gobletts Covers, parcell gylte weynge xljx oz. iij p^^ and a 
 byll of debte of v^ dew by the Chamberlayne of London, 
 wherew^ we the said Auditores do charge and deliver into the 
 hands of Barley, Evans, and M'' Chambers, Wardeyns 
 of the Company of Founders for the yere next ensuynge.^' 
 
 * We cannot pretend to say when this article was first in vogue, but not very 
 many years earlier it seems to have been considered a present fit for royalty. 
 This would indicate that the City Companies in the elegancies of the table, fully 
 kept pace with the general, progress of refinement. Among several similar 
 entries in the privy purse expenses of Henry VIII., we read under date 29 July, 
 1530, Paied to a Man in reward for bringing a glasse of Rosse Water fro 
 Enylford to Wyndesor, v^ " — and in the privy purse expenses of Queen Mary, 
 (then Princess), under date March 1536-7, " Item geven to a pore prest of 
 Hatfield, bringing to my lad*® a glasse of Rose Water, if \f " — Jupp's 
 History of the Carpenters' Company^ p. 333. 
 
65 
 
 1568 " -^t the serche a Bartelme fayre.* 
 
 Payd Evans 
 
 One Candlestick .... 
 
 
 Payd Peter Amore 
 
 iij Candlesticks . . . , 
 
 xijd 
 
 Payd M^' Barley 
 
 A YoUoe Dish 
 
 iiijd 
 
 M^' Milsome 
 
 One Candlestick .... 
 
 iiij^ 
 
 Robarte Craffte 
 
 ij Candlesticks .... 
 
 
 M^' Gunny 
 
 A YoUoe Plate 
 
 vjd 
 
 William Lester 
 
 ij Candlesticks bauls 
 
 
 & topes and v more Candlesticks &c. &c. &c. 
 
 1569 nth Elhaheth, July 19. Roice, Maior, Rep. 16, fo, 490^. 
 
 " This day M^' Ald'rm. Nicholas and M^* Ald'rm. Bond were 
 apoynted to here the Complaynte of the Wardeyns of Founders 
 agajTLst the Wardeyns of Ire^^mongers.^' 
 
 1576 ISth Elizabeth, Feb. 9. Nicholas, Maior, Rep. 19, fo. 41. 
 
 It was ordered and decrede by this Courte that y* shalbe 
 lawful to and for the Wardeyns of the Founders of this Citye, 
 to comyte to prison those two Strangers which do refuse to be 
 sworne to observe and kepe Ordynances of theyre sayde Com- 
 
 * The Cloth and Drapery Fair was originally confined to three days, and 
 kept in the Churchyard of the Priory, where the Corporation of London held a 
 Court of Piepowder * with Criminal jurisdiction — A^miversarp Zrd September. 
 
 Extract from the Proclamation made on Bartholomew Eve, at the great gate 
 going into the Cloth Fair, Smithfield : — 
 
 and that no manner of person buy nor sell but with true 
 weights and measures sealed according to the statute in that behalf, made upon 
 pain that will fall thereof. 
 
 " * * * * and that no manner of Cook, Pye Baker, nor Huckster, 
 sell, nor put to sale any manner of victual, except it be good, and wholesome 
 for man's body, upon pain that will fall thereof." — Bohiwis Privilegia Zondini, 
 p. 304. 
 
 * Court of Pie Powder.— Courts were granted at Fairs, to take aSTotice of all manner of causes 
 and disorders committed upon the place, and called Pie Powder, because justice was done to any 
 injured person before the dust of the fair was off his feet. — Brandy ii. 322. Pie Powder is from 
 the French, " Poudre des Piez," dust of the fQQi.—Archceologia, i. 190. 
 
 F 
 
66 
 
 panye, unless the sayde Strangers consent to submyte them- 
 selves hereunto accordynglie.'^ 
 
 1584 Itm. — Payd for writinge of a Suplycatyon to the 
 
 Maior about y^ wayghts xij^ * " 
 
 1585 " Audit. We Bryan Danyell, John Chambers, Robert 
 Walldoe and Richard ffabbott, Audytors of the accompte of 
 Edw^ Faulkner, Nicholas Roberts, and Richard Rowdinge, the 
 viij*^ daye of October, 1585 : And we the sayd Audytors doe 
 finde by thys Accompte dew unto the Companye in redy money 
 the somme of xxix^ xix^ ix^ the whiche we have recevyed of 
 them, wythe two gobletts of sylver wythe their Covers parcell 
 gyltef waynge xlix ounces & iij Quarters, and vj Spones. iiij of 
 them gylte and ij parcell gylte, waynge xii onces & iij quarters : 
 and an oblegatyon of George Nash wythe a reradge Byll % of 
 Quarteradge, the whiche Roberts was charged wythe : and 
 for the whyche full somme of monye, platt, and oblegatyon, 
 we the sayd Audytors doe charge and delyver into the handes 
 of M^* Edward Horne, Upper Warden of the Companye of 
 ffounders, for the yeare ensuwynge/' 
 
 1686 2m Elizabeth. July 1. Dixie, Maior, Jor, 22, fo. 50. 
 
 " Rate of Wages, to the best and most skilful Workmen, 
 Journeymen of any of the Companyes hereundernamed : 
 Settled by the Justices. 
 Founders, by the yere with Meat and Drynk. ... v^ 
 Do. by the daye without Meat and Drynk. . xvj^ " 
 
 1586 " Payd for the dinner the daye my Lord took his othe xx-^ 
 
 Payd towards the dinner the daye the Queen began 
 
 her raynge . . . . . . . vj^ viij^ 
 
 * See Appendix, art. ''Weights." f That is, partly gilt. X ^il^ of arrears. 
 
67 
 
 Payd to Cull the Scryyenor for ingrossinge the 
 draught of our Corporacion unto Parliament . 
 
 Payd unto Dawes, Scryvenor, for ingrossinge of a 
 supplicacion to the Queens Maiestie for our Cor- 
 poracion ij'^ 
 
 Payd toM^Thomas, Attorney Generales his Man, 
 to procure his Master to sign our Corporacion . " 
 
 158? 29^A EKzaheth, February 5. 
 
 It is ordered and agreed by the Warden & Assistants of 
 the Company of the Founders of the Citie of London, that 
 Richard Dixon, a freeman of the Company now dwelling at 
 Shrewsbury in consideration of Twentie Shillings by him now 
 paid for all duties past, shal from hensforth so long as he shall 
 dwell out of London, pay to the said Company Two Shillings 
 by the Yere for all charge, that is to say xii^ for his quarteridge 
 and xii^ to the use of the said Company and no more/' 
 
 1587 4^^^'^ 8. 
 
 " At a Courte holden in Founders Hall, Raymond Daniell, 
 William Leister, and William Glover, Wardens, a Complaynt 
 was made by the whole Company to M^' Alderman Slaney (who 
 had been appoynted by the Court of Aldermen to enquire into 
 several matters connected with the Company) of the evill 
 doings of M^' Warden Leister, for that he and M^ Edward 
 Falkner were put in trust by the whole Company to sewe for a 
 trewe Standarde of brassen waights, which waights shuled be 
 made and offered within the Companye, which sutte should be 
 borne at the charge of the whole Companye, whereunto they 
 faythefuUy promysed they would do, for the profitte of the 
 Companye and the better settinge of the poorer sorte a worke 
 of the saide Companye. 
 
 And then it was proved that M^ Leister contrarye to his 
 faythefuU promyse made to the Companye had left off his sutte 
 on the behalfe of the Companye, and had got a grant of the 
 
 r 2 
 
68 
 
 Lord Mayor that he shuld have the assisinge of all waightes 
 under xiiij-lbs. to his own use as he himselfe reported to the 
 Companye, which when he had declared to the Companye, the 
 Companye thought themselves very evill dealt withall, for that 
 he beinge Warden and putt in trust by them, shuld gett the 
 offyce to himselfe, which offyce of assiseinge of waights y* was 
 declared unto Alderman, that the whole Companyes mynde 
 was, that he of all other men was most unfitt, for that it was 
 a matter of grett waight, and that the creditt of the matter 
 wolde be in the Companye, and nott in one particular man, and 
 that he was bothe oulde and partly blind, and that he lacked 
 knowledge to do them satisfactorilye as the Companye wolde 
 have them done, this matter being proved before his face, the 
 saide Alderman willed him to go a parte and begun to speak 
 in his behalfe as hereafter ffoUoweth : — I shall desire all to 
 be good unto this man, who is your Warden, and a brother of 
 yours, and one which is as I am informed by himselfe that hath 
 bin at charge in foUo^vinge this suite, that you will be so good 
 unto him, although y^ was putt in trust by you, and you havinge 
 good cause to conceyve an evill opinion of him in that matter, 
 at my request I pray you to grant him his chardge, and some- 
 what yerelye for two or three years, that he will with your 
 helpe prosecute the matter for the Companies behalfe and not 
 for himselfe,'^ which request was graunted ; and the Companye 
 said moreover, for that Alderman had desired y* himselfe, 
 that y^ they did obtaine their sutte at his requeste that they 
 wolde not onelye pay him his coste and chardge, but also wolde 
 putt him in choyse whether he wolde take fewer pounds a yere 
 to be payd him quarterlye, or the thirde parte of the profitte 
 that shulde aryse or growe of y* duringe his lyffe, alwayse 
 provided that he shulde leve off suinge for himselfe ; which 
 matter beinge graunted, the Alderman very well lyked of y* 
 and gave the Company thanks, that at his request they had so 
 willinglye and liberallye graunted him, and saide moreover " I 
 promys you he is greatly in my judgment beholden unto you 
 
69 
 
 all in graunting so large an offer : ^' with, that M^' Leister was 
 called into the parlour, and Alderman declared what the 
 Company at his request had graunted him, he saide to 
 M^' Alderman that he thought yt was notliinge, but that he 
 had deserved a grett deal more. Well, saide M^' Alderman, 
 you be wyse refuse not one of theyse offers, y^ you do you are 
 not so wyse as I wish you were, and therefore give us an 
 answer, whether of the two you will take, and he desired that 
 he mought make his answer on Wednesday, after which was 
 graunted him, he givinge his fayth promyse to M^' Alderman 
 and the rest of the Companye that he wolde nott in the meane 
 season labor to the Lord Thresurer nor to any man ells, nor that 
 any man for him shuld labor for him to prevent the Companye 
 of their saide sutte : with that M^' Alderman tooke his worde, 
 and rose, and went his ways. At which tyme Leister followed 
 him, and Alderman willed Leister to be ruled by his 
 Companye, and goe backe againe and give the Companye thanks 
 for that they have dealt soe well with you, and make them 
 answer at your return which of the two offers you will take. 
 So I will, said he, for I will take the third penye, and in so 
 doinge you do very well, and theise words Alderman 
 reported of his own credytt, that M^' Leister used theise wordes 
 to him going homewards. When he had taken his leave of 
 the Alderman M^' Leister came amongst us, and was withe us 
 halfe an owre, but used no speach att all touchinge any matter, 
 and went to M^* Alderman and tould him that the Companye 
 was ryssen and goon before he came back, whene in trothe the 
 Companye was with him as longe as is aforewrytten. 
 
 " Within two dayes after M^' Warden Leister, contrarye to 
 his faythfuU promise made to the Worshipful gentlemen and 
 the rest of the Companye, called a Courte at one Father Crofte 
 his howse in Whytcross Street, who beinge a very poore man 
 and kepinge an AUehowse, and beinge free of the saide 
 Companye, called xviij or xx^^ persons beinge of the worste 
 sorte and poorest of the Companye, and requested them to putt 
 
70 
 
 theire handes to a Byll which he drew out of his bosome, and 
 bad them not to be afFeard of any thinge, for they shuld do no 
 more but as some of the Assystantes of the Companye had 
 done before them, and there tould them and shewed them one 
 
 Roberts hand, one which had bin thryse Warden before of 
 the Companye, which when they did see they putt theyre 
 hands they could not tell to whatt, when in truth the saide 
 M'' Roberts never putt his hand to anye thing for Leister 
 in all his lyfe, as he himselfe reported the same. When this 
 matter came to the other Wardens eares they called a Court 
 of Assystannts, and warned the other poore men to appeare, 
 who did, and there reported the Speeches as before is wrytten, 
 and saide moreover that they putt their hands so that they 
 could not tell what, and there Roberts testyfyed before 
 
 Leister and the Assystants that he had not done well in 
 using his name to any Byll, but Leister would nott shew 
 his Byll, and when he was asked wherefore hee did this, he wold 
 answer nothinge, but saide that that he did, he wold doe y* 
 againe, and so the Wardens by the consent of the Assistannce 
 for that offence sent him to warde beinge Warden. 
 
 And so, when he had bin there till he was wearye, he did 
 make friends unto Alderman Slaney to take up the matter 
 between the Companye, and he prayinge Alderman to make 
 an ende of the matter. Alderman sent for the other 
 
 Wardens and two or three of the Assistannce, and herde the 
 matter at his owne howse, and sent for Warden Leister 
 forthe of the Compter, and withe long debating the matter at 
 
 Aldermans request, yett once agayne they promyssed him 
 that if he wold be quiet and live amongst them as a brother 
 ought to do, that if he wold sett downe a true accompte of his 
 chardge and prove yS he shuld have y* everye penye, or ells 
 that he shuld have fewer pounds payd him in recompense of 
 his charge at such tyme as he with the Companye had obtained 
 their sute of Assysinge of Waightes, and that he shuld have 
 halfe the profitte that shuld growe thereupon, he the said 
 
71 
 
 Leister paying halfe the reasonable charges that shuld be 
 spent to or about the same — And so much touchinge Warden 
 Leisters Sute/^ 
 
 1587 2m Elizabeth, May 9. Barne, Maior, Eep, 21, fo, 431. 
 
 " It is Ordered and decreyd amongste the Company of 
 Founders wyth all theire consente p^'sente in this Courte that 
 the sayd Company shall have no more for the Assysynge of 
 Wayghtes then the Sealer of thys Cytie hathe, w^^ ys iiij^ for 
 every Eyghte pound wayghte : ij^ for the iiij lb. wayght, 
 
 for the ij lb. wayght. for the whoU pound wayght. And 
 j^^ for a broken pound wayght. And so after the lyke rate, 
 whether the wayght be more or lesse. And it is further 
 orderyed with lyke consente that Wyllam Leycester, Fownder, 
 shall have the one halfe the profeite and gaynes w^^ shall aryse 
 and growe by reason of the same Assysynge, he payeinge and 
 bearynge halfe the reasonable chardges towarde the doeing 
 thearof & provyded allwayes that no person shall put any 
 wayghtes to sale, before such wayghte be fyrste assyzed and 
 marked wyth the Fownder's marke ; Sealed by the Keeper of 
 the Guyldhalle and allowed by the Compayne, ' upon payne 
 that Offenders thearein shall paye for everye suche offence the 
 sum of xx*^ wheareof the one halfe to the Chamberlayne of 
 London to the Cyttys use, and the other halfe to the use of 
 the sayd Companye of ffounders." 
 
 2Uh Elizabeth. May 16. Barne, Maior, Rep, 21, fo, 435. 
 
 " is orderyd and decreyd that the Companye of the 
 ffounders of thys Cyttye, shall sett and stampe upon every 
 Brasse Weyght that shalbe hereafter assyzed, the Armes of 
 theyre sayd Companye.'^ 
 
 2Wi Elizabeth, October 17. Barne, Maior, Rep, 21, fo, 481. 
 
 " Thys day the revercon & next Avoydance of the Roome 
 and Office of the Fownder of thys Citye, by what wayes or 
 
72 
 
 meanes soever, the same shall fyrste and next happen to fall 
 or become voyd ; was freelye and lovinglie gyven and graunted 
 by thys Corte to Humfrey Lyddell, ffounder. To have, hold, 
 exercyse, and enjoye the same w*^ all fees, profeites, comodytyes, 
 and advantages theareunto belongynge and apperteynynge, so 
 longe as he shall well and honestlye use and behave himselfe 
 in the execuc'on therof " 
 
 October 17. 
 
 The Accompt of Mr, Leister , Seconde Warden : — 
 His payments allowed by the Auditors came to xxxiij^ ij^ 
 Whereof he is to allowe to the Oompanye the 
 one halfe for that those payments growe for 
 charges of the Suete, and thinges bought 
 since the order taken .... xvj^ vij^ 
 Also he is to allowe for the halfe of two payre 
 
 of Scales xx^ 
 
 Also for his halfe of v® payde to Downes' 
 Clerk for settinge down the order in the 
 Report aryt . . . . . . ij^ vj^ 
 
 Also for the halfe of ij^ vj^ payde to M^' Tolbette 
 for settinge the order in our Book of 
 Ordinance ... ... xv^ " 
 
 Payd the xviij*^ of November for y® hiar of Formes^ 
 
 at PouUes xij^ " 
 
 * The next Sunday Dr. Watson preached at Paul's Cross, — there were 
 present all the Crafts of London in their best Liveries sitting on Forms : every 
 Craft by themselves, together with the Lord Maior and Aldermen." — Strype, 
 JEccl. Memor. vol. iii. p. 21. 
 
 November 24:th, 1588. — ^'Over the gate at Temple Barr were placed the Waites 
 of the Cittie. And at the same barre the Lord Maior and his Brethren the 
 Aldermen in scarlet received and welcomed her Majesty to the Cittie and Chamber, 
 delivering to her hands the Scepter, which after certain speeches had, her 
 Highness re-delivered to the Maior, and he again taking his horse bore the same 
 before her. The Companies of the Cittie in their Liveries stood in their Rayles 
 of timber, covered with blew Cloth, all of them saluting her highnesse as she 
 proceeded along to Panic's Church." — Howe's Chronicle, p. 750. 
 
73 
 
 1588 Xvf^^ daye of Octoher\ the Accompte of John Syinons, 
 Seconde Warden : — 
 
 "Eecevyed by him for Sysinge of Wayghts* viij^ viij^ yj^ 
 Payments by him made touchinge the same 
 
 Assizeinge of Wayghtes . ' . . xvij'^ 
 
 Reste Ij^ 
 
 Payde by him to M^' Leister for his reste 
 due to him for Assizeinge of Wayghtes, 
 the charge deducted .... xx^ ix^ 
 
 1589 13^^ October, the Accompte of Richard RoivdingCy Second 
 Warden : — 
 
 " Recevyed by him this year for Sizeing of 
 Wayghts clere to the Hall for three 
 quarters ended the xi*^ August . . iij^ xiiij^ 
 His receytes for Assizeing of Wayghtes from 
 the xj*^ August until the xiij*^ of October, 
 1589 xxxij^ iiij^'' 
 
 1590 October 19. 
 
 Recevyed for Sizeinge of Wayghts clere to the 
 
 Hall for the year paste since the last Accompte P vij"^ 
 
 Recevyed of Leister for a debt remayninge 
 
 of the last year for Assizeinge of Wayghts . viij^ " 
 
 1591 October l^. 
 
 " Recevyed for Sysinge of Wayghts clere to the 
 Hall for thys yere paste since the laste 
 Accompte Ivij^ x^ 
 
 33r6? Elizabeth, April 26. Eemembrancia, wL 1, fo. 310. 
 
 Letr- 607. 
 
 Petition from the Lord Mayor and Aldermen to the Right 
 
 * This is the first entry for sysinge of weights. 
 
74 
 
 Hon^^^ the Lords and others of Her Ma^^^^ most Hon^^^ Privye 
 Counsell. "Whereas it pleased y'' Lordshippes to recommend 
 unto us, to bee considered upon the late complainte made unto 
 you by the Wardens and Companie of the Founders, touching 
 the wrong doon unto them, (as they pretend) and to other the 
 Queen's Ma*^^^ subjects, by the use of Leaden Waits, wheareupon 
 they desier that all smaller Waits of Lead under Two Pounds, 
 may be turned into Brasse : Wee have, according to your 
 Lordshippes direction and charge on this behalfe, considered of 
 their requeste, and the reason alledged by them for the same, 
 and finde the same in our opinions to bee yerye inconvenient 
 to be yielded unto, for the causes following : — 
 
 "First. — For that the reason wheareupon that said Complaint 
 is founded is very weak, viz. For that the Leaden Waits may 
 sooner wear and diminish than the other of Brasse, as though 
 such Sellers as ar evill disposed, and make no conscience of 
 defrauding others, could not, or would not, practice the lyke as 
 well by the Brasse, as by the Leaden Wait. The remedie 
 whereof, as well in the one, as in the other, must bee the wise 
 and faithfuU dealing of such Officers as have the search and 
 oversight of such Waits comitted unto them, other wise the 
 changeing of the Wait from one description to another will bee 
 to small purpose. 
 
 " Secondlye. — Bycause the said Leaden Waits ar and have 
 been used time out of mynd by all Shoppmen & Sellers of 
 smaller Wares, except such as retail fine wares, as Sewing Silk, 
 Gold Lace, and such lyke, who have ever used the Brazen 
 Wait, and thearfore need not be compelled thearunto. 
 Whearuppon the Leaden Waits being so generally used, there 
 must needs follow a very great charge upon divirs Her Ma*^^^ 
 subjects that ar Shoppmen and Sellers of smaller Wares, 
 (whcarof divirs are very poor Men) if every one of them should 
 bee bound to cast away his Leaden Waits, and to furnish 
 himself with New Waits of Brasse; as also to the sayd 
 
75 
 
 ffounders an exceedingly great gain out of the expense of 
 other Her Ma*^^^ subjects, which thing thearfore is expected by 
 them as appeareth by the scope of their sayed supplication. 
 
 '^Further. — It may please y^ Lordshippes to consider by what 
 reason and right wee can constrain men to buy Brazen "Waits, 
 which in case we shoulde doe, the Plummers also, who the 
 moste parte are verie poor Men, will bee as ready to complaine 
 that their living is taken from them, and given to the Founders. 
 To this effect wee have made our Answer beefore to the sayed 
 ffounders, and therefore marvel the more they would trouble 
 your Lordshippes with so partiall a request, that respecteth 
 nothing ells but their o^vn proffitt. If they importune your 
 Lordshippes any farther heareafter, wee leave it to your 
 Lordshippes wisdom and discretion what is meet to be sayed 
 unto them touchinge their request, And thus humbly wee take 
 our leave.^' 
 
 1591 " Payd to Clarenceux, Kinge at Armes, for the 
 Armes of the Company w*^ a Creste thereunto 
 added of the gifte of the said King at Armes ; 
 and confirmed to the Company under his Seal 
 of Office 
 
 1595 '^Rec^ of Francis Watson, Warden, in Quart- 
 ridge of the Lyverye . . . . . ix^'' 
 Rec^ by Geo. Lester & Rob^- Langton in 
 Quartridge of the Yeomanry . . . ijMx^ iiij^'^ 
 
 1598 Note. — After finishing of this Accompt, M^' Glover presented 
 a debte of iij^ iiij^ wh^^^ was laid out for bakeing of Pyes when 
 they went Swan Hopping.'^ * 
 
 iiji ij« viij^ 
 
 * The yearly visit of the Companies of London to the Swans on its nohle 
 river was commonly termed Swan Hopping. This name is a vulgar and long-used 
 
76 
 
 Receyved of Walter ffletcher for the [sale] 
 of the Swannes xv^ ' 
 
 ^2nd Elizabeth, January 5. Mosley, Maior, Rejj, 25, fo. 27. 
 
 Whereas divers p^'sons w*^ in this Citie hath lately brought 
 divers Iron Waights to the Keeper of the Guildhall to be 
 sealed, which Waights are then come to the hands of 
 — Leicester, ffounder. It is ordered and agreed that the said 
 Leicester delyver all the same Waights to the said Keeper of 
 the Guildhall, by him to be made juste and accordinge to the 
 standard, and seal them, and after redelyver them to the 
 owners/^ 
 
 4:2nd Elizabeth. Feb, 12. Mosley, Maior, Rep, 25, fo, 38^. 
 
 ''It is ordered That Sir Stephen Soame, Kn* Eider, 
 Bennett, Rowe, Godard, M^' Smith, Campbell, 
 
 corruption of Swan Tipping, signifying tlie duties of tlie official visitors, which 
 was to take up the Swans and mark them, being manorial and royal Birds, 
 and in proof of their estimation in former times, a scarce Tract of four leaves, 
 printed in 1570, may be referred to. It mentions the " Tipping dales," and 
 declares what persons shall "up no swannes," and speaks of a Court, no longer 
 popularly known, called " The King's Majesties Justices of Sessions of 
 Swannes." It is headed — " The order for Swannes both by the Statutes and by 
 the Ancient Orders and Customes used within the realme of England. First. — 
 Ye shall enquire if there be any person that doth possess any Swannes and hath 
 not compounded with the King's Majestie for his Marke (that is to say) Six 
 Shillings and Eight pence for his Marke during his life : If you know any such you 
 shall present them, that all such Swans and Cygnets may be seized to the King. 
 Certain penalties are to be enforced for driving the Swans, Stealing the Eggs, &c. 
 Every owner to pay yearly for every Swan mark four pence to the Master of 
 the Game for his fee and his dinner and supper upon the upping dales." — Horn's 
 Every -day Book, vol. ii. 279. 
 
 The Beaks of the Swans were notched with Stars, Chevrons, Crosses, the 
 initials of the owners' names, or other devices. — In the roll of Swan Marks extant 
 at Loseley are given the marks of the principal persons resident in Surrey, as also 
 the marks of the Dyers' and Vintners' Companies. — Loseley Mmiuscripts, edited 
 by Kempe, 305. 
 
77 
 
 Aldermen ; J ohn Storer, Will"^ Baker & Rob* Waldoe, Founders, 
 shall consider what course they think litt to be taken for the 
 reformacion of abuses in unlawful Waightes and measures 
 wherew*^ gold and silver is usually bought and soldo. And 
 also to call before them Geo. Leicester and Eob* Thompson, 
 ffounders, who have lately taken paines in seazing of sundry 
 unla^vful waights nowe remayning in the Guildhall, and to 
 yelde their oj)inions to this Court what recompense they shall 
 think them worthy of in respect of their peynes therein ; and 
 to acquaint this Court with their opinions thereon, that such 
 farther order may be taken therein, as shalbe further 
 convenyent/' 
 
 1599 42nd Elizabeth. March 6. MosUy, Maior, Eep, 25, fo. 55. 
 
 ^^This day Sir Stephen Soame, K*. and others, did make 
 their report, the tenor whereof is as follows : — 
 
 ''We think it fitt that there be no Waightes used but suche 
 as are comonally called Troy Waights or Havier depoix Waight,* 
 
 * The Troy Pound is the legal Standard, though only actually used in 
 weighing precious metals and stones and Apothecaries' drugs. There is no doubt 
 that it was originally the Pound of Silver, the Pound sterling. The Pound Troy 
 is now di^dded for Gold and Silver, into twelve ounces, each ounce into 20 penny- 
 weights, and each pennyweight in 24 grains. But for Medicine it is divided into 
 12 ounces, each ounce into 8 drachms, each drachm into 3 scruples, and each 
 scruple into 20 grains. Avoirdupoiz, the name given to the common system of 
 weights in England, now applied to all goods except the precious Metals and 
 Medicines. Thus, apound of Tea is a pound Averdupois, and contains 7,000 grains ; 
 a Pound of Gold is a Pound Troy, and contains 5,760 grains. 
 
 The earliest regulations on the subject fix troy weight. The first statute that 
 directs the use of Averdupois is that of the 24th of Henry YIIL, A.D. 1532, 
 that statute gave it a legal sanction, and the particular use to which the said 
 weight is thus directed, is simply for weighing Butchers' Meat in the Market. 
 How or when it came into private use is not clearly known, and a pound of this 
 sort was placed in the Exchequer as a Standard by Elizabeth, A.D. 1588. — 
 PMlosophical Transactions, vol. xxv., part 1, art. 3. 
 
78 
 
 and that all other Waighte may be utterly defaced and abolished. 
 And whosoever shalbe found to use or exercise any other 
 Waight then before mencioned, For the first ofience to forfeit 
 Five Shillings and Eightpence : For the second offence Thirteen 
 Shillings and Fourpence, and for the next time soe offending 
 Twenty Shillings, and so after to increase such further punish- 
 ment as by the Statute in that case provided, is more at large 
 expressed. 
 
 Whereas it is supposed that great and manifold abuses are 
 daily comitted by such as use false and unlawful Waightes and 
 Ballances, it is thought meete by us that whosoever shall at 
 any time hereafter be found either to use any false Waightes, 
 Scales, or Balances, or shall use any Beame to way withall, 
 other such as are now allowed by the Laws of this Realme, 
 shall for the first offence forfeit vj^ viij^ for the seconde ofience 
 xiij^ iiij^, and for the third time so ofi'ending xx^ and so after 
 to incurre such further penaltye as the Statute provydeth. 
 
 " Forasmuch as all Leaden Waightes within a very small time 
 after the use thereof, do weare and become lighter, and soe 
 consequently false. Wee think it very meete and convenient 
 that all waightes hereafter to bee made and used within this 
 Citie, be made of Iron, Lead, or Brasse, and to be sealed on 
 the toppe thereof; and those of Iron only, to be fashioned 
 accordinge to a pattern delivered : And after that all Waightes 
 heretofore taken or hereafter to be taken from any person or 
 persones, should be sealed and delivered to the owners thereof 
 from whom they were taken. 
 
 "Whereas heretofore the Plumbers of this Citie have demanded 
 Three Shillings for sizing of every hundred Waight being de- 
 fective, which demand we think unreasonable, it is therefore 
 thought meet by us, that the reformacion and amendment of 
 the said defective waightes be done at the appointment of 
 James Harman, Keeper of the Guildhall, and that he shall 
 
79 
 
 call unto him for his better assistance, George Leicester and 
 Eobert Thompson, who have undertaken to Size and Amend 
 the said Waightes for reasonable consideration. 
 
 "And whereas the search of Waightes and Measures is 
 graunted by Charter to the Twelve Worshipful Companies and 
 others of this Citie, if any of them having such graunt shall 
 neglect the due search of the same, it is thought good that my 
 Lord Mayor and the Court should appoint others for that purpose. 
 
 "Which report was very well liked and approved, and ordered 
 to be observed in all points accordingly.'^ 
 
 1603 October 11. 
 
 " Mem^^ — That we having audited the Accompte of 
 Mr Edward Hearne, Upper Warden, Will"^ Sherlve, Second 
 Warden, and John Bond, Younger Warden, doe find that it is 
 requisite and convenant that the Upper Warden to have the 
 receavinge the whole rents of the Company, within the Gate 
 of ffounders Hall. The seconde Warden to receave the money 
 dueby arreage Bill, and to have the oversight of assissinge the 
 Waights, and to receave the Money for the same. The 
 Younger Warden to receave the Quartridge Money dueby the 
 Liverie to the poore, and all the rent due to the Company 
 without the Founders Hall Gate." 
 
 1604 May 7. 
 
 " It is ordered that the Wardens of the Company of 
 ffounders, with permission of the Lord Maire and five of the 
 Assistants, shall make search of all Wares made, sold, or used 
 within the said Company ; and the said search to be made 
 thrice in the year at the leaste, or oftener, at the discretion of 
 the Wardens of the said Company for the tyme being." 
 
80 
 
 1604 August 15. 
 
 It was agreed between M^'^ Faulkner, Widow, and W^^ 
 Bonde, Founder, That the said W"^ Bonde is oweing to 
 Faulkner the sum of xiv'' which he doth promise to pay by 
 vi^ a Week untill all be paid." 
 
 1604 February 4. 
 
 ''It was agreed That wee the Wardens and Ass*^ — That 
 John Hull, a Member of our Company, for divers and sundry 
 occasions by him performed contrary to his othe here taken, 
 according to the Orders and Customs of the Cytie of London : 
 Wee doe give Order to an Officer of my Lorde Maire's that 
 the said John Hull be carried, upon my Lord Maire's command, 
 to warde for the offense, and also to pay such fines as shalbe 
 laid upon him." 
 
 1605 Juhj 30. 
 
 " It is ordered. That if any Brother of our Crafte shall keepe 
 one more Apprentice than by our Book of Lawes they may 
 
 And farther sufficient warning given unto Henry 
 
 Rogers and John Falkner, that what Servant or Servants they 
 keep contrary to our Order, that they put them away, other- 
 wise to pay such fine as shall be laid upon them for so ofi'ending." 
 
 1605 September 2. ^ 
 
 '' It is ordered. That the fifth day of Auguste* being a day 
 observed as a Holiday, for the King's Majesties deliverance 
 from his Ennemys, at which day the Company to use to 
 
 * In order to preserve the memory of the King's miraculous escape from the 
 Gowrie conspiracy (August 5, 1600), and to declare the sense which the nation 
 had of the Divine Goodness to all future ages, the Scottish parliament appointed 
 
81 
 
 assemble to hear the Sermon at Poules, and after to dyne 
 together : There shall be allowed by the Hall, towards that 
 dynner xxx® and that every person of the Lyvery shall pay vj^ 
 towards the sayde dynner, and every one of the sayde Lyvery 
 that shall make defaute and come not to the service, then shall 
 pay xij^ whether he come to the dynner or not, except sicknesse 
 or other reasonable cause. 
 
 *'Also, That at the Election of the New Wardens, the Upper 
 Warden shall not be brought home to his House after the ould 
 manner heretofore used.* And that the second Warden shall 
 ^ be brought home or pay vj^ viij^ at the Election, and that the 
 younger Warden shall be brought home on paying xiij^ iiij^ and 
 the same vi^ viij^ and xiii^ iv^ be spent upon a dynner on Mychel- 
 mas day after the Election of the new Lord Maior by those per- 
 sons of the Livery which shall be present at the said Election. 
 
 1605 December 9. 
 
 It is agreed That J ohn Faulkner at his request had granted 
 leave to keep his Man which he now hath and not prenticed 
 unto him, until our Lady Day next coming and no longer, upon 
 his promise in the said tyme, not to put or suffer him to do any 
 work whereby to hinder any poor Brother of the Company, 
 but only to go of arrants, or do drugery, alledging he knows 
 not how to bestow him." 
 
 the 5tli of August to be observed annually as a day of public thanksgiving. The 
 authors of this conspiracy were John Euthven, Earl of Gowrie, and his brother 
 Alexander, the sons of that Earl who was beheaded in the year 1584. — 
 Eobertson's Scotland, ii. 203. The transaction, usually called the Gowrie plot, 
 is one of the most obscure in Scottish history. 
 
 * " The assistants and livery are to accompany the Master and "Wardens 
 elected, home to their houses as formerly they have done." — Jupp's Carpenters* 
 Company y p. 100. 
 
 G 
 
82 
 
 1605 February 24. 
 
 " It is agreed That John Tyffins, Cook, dwelling in Colman 
 Street, shalbe Cooke* to the Company of ffounders, so long as 
 it shall please the Wardens and the Assistants of the said 
 Company, or the more parte of them. And for the tyme that 
 he shall continue Cooke to the said Company he shall have for 
 his Wages xxvj^ viij^ by the year — Provided that at any tyme 
 hereafter they shall myslike of the said Cooke, that they may 
 remove him and choose a new Cooke at their pleasure/' 
 
 1606 October 4. 
 
 " Ordered by the Wardens and Assistants, that the fifth day 
 of November, being a day observed as a Holiday for the King's 
 Majestie and the rest of the whole estate of this Lande, their 
 deliverance from the grievous treason pretended against them 
 and the Parliament House, at which day the Company to use 
 to assemble at Poules ; and after to dyne together, there shalbe 
 allowed by the Hall towards that dynner xxx^ and that every 
 person of the Livery shall pay towards the sayd dynner, and 
 every one of the sayde Lyvery that shall make defaute and come 
 not to the service, then shall pay xij^ whether he come to the 
 d}Tiner or not, except sicknesse or other reasonable cause." 
 
 October 7. 
 
 " That Christopher Stubbes for certain def antes by him con- 
 trary to his othe, in not coming to the Hall, as also to Poules to 
 Sermon, and other ways upon lawfull warning to him being 
 given — and also demeringe to pay such fine as is ordered to be 
 
 * A Coke they hadden with hem for the nones, 
 To boil the chickenes and the marie bones." 
 
 Chaucer — Prologue to Canterbury Tales, 
 
83 
 
 paid for the said defaultes : It is ordered That the said 
 Christopher Stubbes shall not be henceforward warned to any 
 particular days, Court dayes, or any other meeting, except it 
 shall please the Wardens and Assistants to think good and give 
 Order for the same/^ * 
 
 1607 February 12. 
 
 ''That a Note be delivered to the Privy Council touching 
 the getting reformation for all Brass Weights and other false 
 weights. John Atkinson & John Pepys to stand bound in 
 £200, that if they go forward in that business to do nothing 
 but that which shall be good to the Company." 
 
 February 17. 
 
 "Morris Austin to pay his fine of xx^ for confining John 
 Springham to work in a Buckle Casters House in filing gynner 
 Eings, & to bring in his fine within three days, & also to use 
 his best means to get J. Springham before the Wardens, or else 
 to have him to the Compter.'^ 
 
 September 28. 
 
 "It is agreed between John Hilyard, Jun^\, John Hilyard 
 the Elder, and Thomas Piatt, for certain evill words between 
 the said Thomas Piatt and the Wife of the said John Hilyard, 
 
 * Disrespect to the Court, as the first sign of insubordination, was severely 
 punished. Any person of the mystery, presumptuouslie, obstinately, rudely, 
 and without reverence, speaking unseemlie wordes, rebuking and reviling 
 another, or otherwise misbehaving himself against any person of that, or any 
 other mystery, in any matter before the Master and "Wardens, whether it were 
 within the Common Hall or without in aine other place in open audience tvithin 
 the precincts of the Cittie," was to be fined according to the nature of the ofience 
 and the ability of the party. — Herbert, i. 190. 
 
 G 2 
 
84 
 
 all to be put up in quietness amongst them without any further 
 trouble. 
 
 "It is also agreed between Ansellffalkner andJohnSpringham, 
 upon a difference in Accompts between them, to make choice of 
 Bayley and M'' Parnell to arbitrate and end the reckoning 
 for them. And either of them to enter into a Bond of £10 to 
 stand to that ende, and also all abusive words of disgrace which 
 of late was offered between them. 
 
 "It is further agreed with John Springham for the arreare of 
 Quarterage owing by him, which is Five Years and One 
 Quarter, to be paid by iij*^ a week.'' 
 
 " Rec^ in Quarterage of the Livery at iij^ ^ 
 
 Quarter xvij^ vj^ 
 
 Eec^ in Quarterage of the Yeomanry at ij^ ^ 
 
 Quarter . . . . . . . ij^ o^ iiij^ 
 
 June 15. 
 
 " That Gregory Hobbs, for the prevision of the 20 Quarters 
 of Corn, the quantity for which our Company is rated, to have 
 in Store in readiness for the Market — ^be allowed by the 
 Year.''* 
 
 " Leave was given to Edm^ Aspinall to take course of law 
 against David Lomete." 
 
 * "To be sold at the Market of Queenhytlie every Wednesday to the Poore.*^ 
 The plan was excellent, and was continued for many years. 
 
 " To the City granary s, where, it seems, every Company have their granary, 
 and obliged to keep such a quantity of Come always there, or at a time of 
 scarcity to issue it at so much a bushell ; and a fine thing it is to see their stores 
 for all sorts, for piles for the bridge, and for pipes." — Fepys's Diary y 2^th Jme^ 
 1664. 
 
85 
 
 1608 August 5. 
 
 At this Court, W. Collens is bound to Rob* Tomson that 
 hereafter he is not to play at bowles — bett at bowles or at cards, 
 dice, and tables, shovelboard, or any other unlawful game for 
 any money to the value of ij^ a game : — if he do, then Rob* 
 Tomson is to take course of law against him." 
 
 1609 January 31. 
 
 At a Court, &c, was chosen to be in their Livery against 
 Candlemas day next, to sarve for the burial of M^* Rich^ Pearce 
 deceased, viz. Anthony Morgan, Abraham Woodhall, Jon^ 
 Bower, Francis Curwyn, Gregory Hobbs, Richard WyUey.'' * 
 
 1609 July 4. 
 
 " It is ordered. That at the taking in of any Brethren into 
 the Livery, That at the delivering the patterns of Cloth of 
 Black and Red, That the Officer of the Company shall have 
 for the delivering of the Cloth, viz. of all the Livery, being in 
 the Livery before tyme, of every Man vj^ and of every person 
 newly taken into the Livery xij^." f 
 
 * " "With the rest of the Officers to M"*- Eussell's buriall, where we had wine 
 and rings, and a great and good company of the aldermen and the livery of the 
 Skinners' Company. We went to St. Dunstan's in the East Church, where 
 Sermon, but I staid not." — Fepys^s Diary, Jan. 22, 1662-63. 
 
 Grocers' Ordinances, — " And if any one of the fraternity dies in London, all 
 shall attend his dirge and funeral until he is buried, and those who shall be 
 warned thereof and fail, shall pay twelve pence." 
 
 " And if any of the fraternity dies, and it happens that he has not left sufficient 
 to bury him according to his Station, he shall be interred out of the common 
 eleemosynary money for the honor of the fraternity." — Heath's Grocers^ 
 Company, p. 46. 
 
 t Liveries are not mentioned to have been worn by any of the Companies 
 before the reign of Edward L, at whose marriage with his second Queen Margaret, 
 the fraternities rode to the number of Six Hundred in one Livery of Red and 
 White, with the connuzans of their Mysteries embroidered on their sleeves. Of 
 their afterwards assuming a Mourning dress. Stow instances the case of Henry 
 
86 
 
 1611 July 29. 
 
 ^ At this Court is an Election for Six Brothers to be received 
 into the Livery." 
 
 September 2. 
 
 It is ordered and agreed, with the consent general of the 
 rest of the Livery of our said Company, that from henceforth 
 every person of the Livery shall pay for every Quarter day xij^ 
 towards a dynner for that quarter-day, whether he be at the 
 sayd dynner or not. Also for every day of Meeting for the 
 King's Majesties Sarves, as namely his Crownation, the 5*^ 
 August, and the 5*^ November being days observed, and usually 
 the Company do meet at Poule's Cross * to hear a Sermon and 
 afterwards to dyne together. Towards which dynner every 
 person of our Livery shall pay xij^ whether he be at the said 
 
 the Seventh's Funeral, when the Corporation of London with all the Livery Com- 
 panies, met theKinge's bodyin St. George's Fields, dressed inBlack.-jff(?r^^r^,p. 59. 
 
 All the Companies continued to vary in the colour of this habit, until it became 
 settled about the beginning of the Seventeenth Century, but they appear, 
 notwithstanding their difference as to colours, to have all dressed, as to fashion, 
 nearly uniform as now. 
 
 Assigning Liveries to dependents and followers had been common from the 
 Conquest. The adoption of Liveries by the Companies was probably in imitation. 
 "When they had got into established use, we find the Aldermen assuming the power 
 of granting and regulating them ; and they subsequently required that the 
 Companies should attend in that garb at all solemnities. — Norton's Commentaries 
 on London^ p. 183. 
 
 * We find no mention of the Cross until the latter part of the reign of Henry 
 III., during the struggles between the King and the Barons, in the midst, we 
 may say, of the birth throes of English liberty. An assembly of the people 
 met to pass judgment on their Civic rulers, whom the King's Minister, speaking 
 from the Cross, charges with extortion and oppression. It is the Comitia of the 
 Citizens of London held in their Forum. Stow describes it as "a Pulpit or Cross 
 of timber moimted upon Steps of Stone, and covered with Lead." It stood at 
 the eastern extremity of the vacant space on the North side of the Cathedral. 
 
 One of the earliest sermons recorded to have been preached at Paul's Cross is 
 still preserved, and may be found printed at full length in Fox's Booh of Martyrs, 
 (Edition " Church Historians of England^'' vol. iii., pt. 1, fo. 292.) It was 
 preached on Quinquagesima Simday, 1388. 
 
87 
 
 dynner or not as aforesaid for the Quarter days. Excepting 
 the Ancients of the Company which have borne the office of 
 Upper Warden, that they or any of them to pay vj^ toward 
 the dynner as aforesaid. 
 
 "Also, That every person of our Livery having lawful 
 warning given him for every Quarter day or Court day being 
 warned to the Hall — that they or any of them make defaute 
 and come too late of this owre, to fine for his coming late xij^ 
 and if not at all to pay fine ij*^ — likewise if being warned for any 
 Buriall is too late, and if not at all, ij"^ as aforesaid, except sick- 
 nesse or such reasonable cause as shall be allowed by the 
 Wardens. Except the Ancients.'' 
 
 1612 Jaly 6. 
 
 Complaint against Geo. Webb by Will"^ Shafte both being 
 flounders, for a debt of Seventeen Shillings and Six Pence, 
 which was Ordered by the Wardens and Assistants that the 
 Sum of Six Shillings should be paid on the 12*^ ins*, and the 
 Sum of 12^ every week, until the Sum of x^ more were paid, 
 unto which they both consented. 
 
 " Complaint likewise made by the brother of Tho^ Bosworth 
 against M^' Gasley for the some of forty one Shillings, which 
 
 Hither in 1533 \Yas brouglit to make public confession of her imposture, 
 Elizabeth Barton, called the Holy Maid of Kent. Many were the penances 
 performed here in the days of Mary, several of which Strype records, are cases 
 of Priests who had taken to themselves wives, which they were now willing to 
 part with. Thus it is noted that on the 8th Feb., 1556, a Priest named Sir 
 Thomas Sampson did penance standing before the preacher with a sheet about 
 him, and a taper in his hand burning. The Lord Mayor, the Aldermen, &c., 
 being present. This man's crime was that he had two wives, and one was 
 enough to make him do penance. 
 
 In 1643, the famous Cross in the Church Yard which had been for many ages 
 the most noted and solemn place in this nation for the gravest divines and greatest 
 scholars to preach at, was with the rest of the Crosses about London and West- 
 minster pulled down to the ground by order of the Parliament. — Knight's 
 London^ vol. i. p. 56. 
 
88 
 
 he had of the same T. B. in parte payment of a years hire for 
 a large room, &c., but by reason that the said T. B. did not 
 behave uprightly, he was forced to stand to the order of the 
 Company. To which they are both contented." 
 
 1612 July 22. 
 
 " That Liddell, ffounder, should supply the place of 
 Clarkshipp, and to receive the yearly stipend of £4, and all 
 other duties as Henry Fendrey deceased had heretofore : pro- 
 vided that he perform the business as he ought to do, and when 
 their need requires, otherwise to be removed from the place at 
 their pleasure. 
 
 " That Tho^ Piatt should supply the place of Beadleshipp, 
 and to have for his paines the profit and gaine of the Sizeing 
 of the Weights as heretofore he hath had, and also his dwelling 
 in the house which Fendrey had in his lyfetime — Provided 
 that the said T. P. be ready and willing to perform the business 
 for the said Company, otherwise to be dismissed at their 
 pleasure.'' 
 
 August 26. 
 
 That the Michaelmas dinner should for certain causes be 
 deferred and not holden, nor the year ensuing as heretofore it 
 accustomably has been done. But only to be warned to meet 
 together for the making of New Wardens. And after the 
 Election, some provision to be prepared at the charge of the 
 Wardens then in office, for a remembrance of the said Election, 
 and so the Hall to be at no charge." 
 
 August 26. 
 
 " That the distributing of the Money forth of the Poor's 
 Box, &c. shall be at a Court to be holden for that purpose before 
 the Feast of the Nativity of our Lord, and that then there 
 shall not be given away above the sum of fourty-three shillings 
 and four pence." 
 
89 
 
 1612 October 30. 
 
 " That forasmuch as the Company is greatly impoverished 
 by reason of the daily wages and taxes levied both for his 
 Majesty's service and also for the service of the Citie, We think 
 it fitting for the good of the said Society, and for the increase 
 of the Stock of the same, that no Man having served his full 
 time of Years, or otherwise, to be made a new brother of the 
 fraternity, but first before he be sworne a Brother of the same, 
 he shall give for the benefit of the saide Company, One Silver 
 Spoon, being in value at the least of Six Shillings and Eight 
 pence — be he ever so poor/' 
 
 16J2 Fehruary 1. 
 
 That forasmuch as Edmund Clapham, ffounder, had 
 contrary to his Othe, molested and troubled Tho^ Houlton 
 without leave of the Wardens, he being a brother of the said 
 Society, should pay the sum of Twenty Shillings, which if he 
 do not perform, then to be comitted to prison without any 
 further hearing of the matter/' 
 
 1613 April 26. 
 
 Edmund Clapham, ffounder, brought in his fine of twenty 
 Shillings according to former order, and they considering his 
 poor Estate and his submission for his ofi*ence, gave the said 
 fine unto him back again, and soe lett the matter reste." 
 
 June 24. 
 
 " That M^ Parnell, Warden, should have a hearing of the 
 controversy between the Wyfes of E. Clapham and Thos. 
 Holden, and to make Unity betwixt them, and if they could 
 not, they and their Wyfes to come to Hall the next quarter 
 day, and the Company to have the hearing thereof.'' * 
 
 * In 1547, a proclamation was issued that Women should not meet together 
 to babble and talk, and that all men should keep their wives in their houses.—- 
 Hume^ iv. 241, 
 
90 
 
 1613 November 12. 
 
 That whereas heretofore, any Young Man when he was 
 made free, did invite the Wardens and their Wyfes and some 
 of the Auncients of the Assistants to a dinner besides the 
 comon charges of the House : It was thought fitting — for the 
 benefit and saving of charges to such new Brother, that from 
 henceforth every such person should give, at the tyme of his 
 making free, for the benefit of the house, a Silver Spoon, mostly 
 in value the some of 13V4^ at the leaste, and so to be free 
 from making of a dinner according to the usual custome." 
 
 1614 October 26. 
 
 " It was ordered and decreed for the public good of the said 
 Misterie, that from henceforth yearlie, the Master Wardens, 
 Assistants, and Livery, should pay to the Stewards for the pro- 
 viding of dynner on the day of the Master's Feast the some 
 of Two Shillings each, towards the charge of the same, and 
 any person as aforesaid bringing with him any other person 
 more than his Wife without leave of the Stewards, shall pay 
 for every such person the sum of Two Shillings .... At which 
 present M^' J ohn Bower being Under Warden was entreated to 
 bear the said place and charge of Stewardshippe, and F. Darwin 
 one of the Livery and Assistant, chosen to join with him . . . 
 and these parties werejthe first Stewards after obtaining of the 
 Corporation. 
 
 " It was likewise ordered, that the said Master and Wardens 
 should year after year bear the costs and charges of all quarter 
 day Meetings, and also of the dinners made on the days of 
 service for the preservation of the King's Ma^^^ imposed here- 
 tofore upon the House Stock. Every person of the Livery 
 paying towards the charge of the same dinner according to the 
 order made 2^^ Sept' 1611. And also that the sum of Twenty 
 ShiUings be allowed towards the charge of a dinner, on the 
 day when they did examine their Accounts according to Ancient 
 Custom, at which dinner is to be present the Master, Wardens, 
 and Assistants, and their Wives as usually hath been. 
 
91 
 
 " Likewise that on the day of Election, or choice of a Master 
 and Wardens hereafter, there should be no Dinner holden at 
 the Comon Hall for the Master, Wardens, and Assistants, and 
 whole Livery and their Wives, as hath been heretofore ; but 
 some small Banquet, whereby the said Master, Wardens, and 
 others, may drink together and perform such business in decent 
 sort ; which Banquet and drinking shall be at the cost of the 
 Master and Wardens then in office." 
 
 1614 October 29. 
 
 It was enacted, &c. by the Master, Wardens, and Livery, 
 then met together. That every person of the Livery should pay 
 Quarterlie for Quarterage Fivepence; and to the use of the 
 poor of the said Company Threepence : and also by consent of 
 the Yeomanry there present. That every person of the said 
 Yeomanry should pay Four pence per Quarter, and Two pence 
 to the use of the poor. All which money to be employed for 
 the use of the Company at the good discretion of the Master 
 and Wardens as heretofore." 
 
 Novemher 30. 
 
 Upon complaint made touching George Rogers that he was 
 married, not having served the term of his Apprenticeship, for 
 which cause he was debarred from working for the said Mystery, 
 and warning given unto the Society not to employ him." 
 
 1615 " Imprimis. — P*^ for a Printed Proclamation con- 
 
 cerning Strangers . . . . . 6 0" 
 
 March 8. 
 
 " Whereas divers persons being free of sundry Companies, 
 and using the Art and Mystery of making Brass and Copper 
 Works and Wares .... have formerly been warned to have 
 a Mark allowed them, for marking the works and wares which 
 they have made for Sale. It was concluded. That the Master 
 and Wardens shall go and take a distress of any person so 
 offending." 
 
92 
 
 1615 March 28. 
 
 That the Clerk do provide Beams and Scales and Standards 
 as other things fitting for the trying and Sizing of Troy Weights 
 for the use of this Company, and also any other provision for 
 the going abroad to search, to be had or needful to be made/' 
 
 Itm. — for two Beames and Skailes to size Troy 
 
 Waights 4 0 0 
 
 Itm. — for on Sixten and pyle of "Waights . 16 0 
 
 Itm.— Pd for on Sute of BeU Waights compleat 6 12 0 
 
 September 14. 
 
 " That every person coming into the Livery should pay unto 
 the Clerk, for the bringing of a pattern or skantling of their 
 goods, the sum of two shillings a piece." 
 
 1616 8e2ote7nher 30. 
 
 " That John Falkener, ffounder, should supply the place of 
 Clerkshippe at the yearly stipend of Fore Pounds, and all 
 other duties, as William Liddell had heretofore." 
 
 Taken out of the Poore's Box by consent of the 
 
 Corporacion 13 14 2 " 
 
 1617 "Pec^ for 48 Spownes Silver gilt weyng 89 oz. . 23 18 9" 
 April 7. 
 
 " That view and search should be made of all Shops and 
 Warehouses within the Citty of London or elsewhere in this 
 present Month of April." 
 
 May 30. 
 
 " That they would be Suters to the Lord Mayor and Court 
 of Aldermen about the turning over all Apprentices of all 
 Workers of Brass or Copper Wares to be presented at 
 Founders' Hall." 
 
93 
 
 1617 September 7. 
 
 " That no old waights of any kind should be sealed or allowed 
 of, by reason that there are many defaced or bottomed with lead/' 
 
 1619 Rec^ of two new Brethren for want of the 
 
 Spownes 16 8'' 
 
 Rec^ of WiUiam Williams One Gilt Spowne " 
 
 1620 " Rec^ for 25 Gilt Spownes waing 49 J oz. at 5/8 
 
 Woz 14 0 6 " 
 
 1623 September 8. 
 
 " That all such which be of the Livery or Yeomanry which 
 are behind in Quarterage be warned to attend on Friday the 
 19^^ there to pay all such quarterage, and that all those which 
 do deny payment shall answer the same before the Lord Mayor." 
 
 September 29. 
 
 " That all those which have or shall have borne the place of 
 Master and Wardens, six times, or one Steward, and five times 
 Master and Wardens, shall be for ever hereafter freed from that 
 service, or being again chosen, all such charges which to him 
 shall arise to be allowed out of the Company's Stock." 
 
 Form of Audit : 
 " The which some of <£17 . 18 . 5 was delivered by the 
 Auditors unto M^ Ezekiell Maior, Master of the said Mystery 
 of ffounders, and he standeth bound in a Bond of a Hundred 
 Pounds, with these conditions, to be accountable for such somes 
 of money and plate, which by the meanes of the said office 
 shall come to his Hand for the yere ensuing." 
 
 1624 Paid at Mr Parnell's funeral more than was 
 
 aUowed 16 5" 
 
 Paid for the formes at Powles Cross, 3 severall 
 
 tymes 9 0" 
 
94 
 
 1624 October 12. 
 
 " That in consequence of some want of Money for the use 
 - of the Company. It was ordered and agreed to sell twelve 
 gilt spoons." 
 
 1626 " Rec^ for 23 oz of Old Plate sold by consent of 
 
 the Company 5 14 0 
 
 " Paid M^* Ball and M^* Trossam for making the 
 
 Banners 13 10 0 
 
 Paid for Staves for the Banners and Stremers . 110" 
 
 1628 January 26. 
 
 Whereas divers weight and wares have been seized by the 
 Company, it is now ordered that a report shall be made of the 
 number and value thereof, as also with regard to a Livery 
 Gown of M'* Hobbs being in the custody of John Falkner." 
 
 January 26. 
 
 " It is also Ordered, That whatsoever shall hereafter be 
 ordered by a Court of Assistants shall be forthwith entered in 
 a Book of Orders by the Clerk of the Company, and presented 
 to the next Court, and by them under their Hands confirmed." 
 
 Plate belonging to the Company. 
 
 " 27 Spones, way^ 54 oz. 
 2 parcell gilt Gobletts 27 oz. 
 A Cupp & Cover wa^ 20 oz. 
 A Standing Cupp, the Banker's Gifte way^ 10 oz. 
 A Doble BeU Salte, Gilte lOJ oz. 
 A Gilt Beare Bowlle way^ lOJ oz." 
 
 Paid to Howell for making cleane of certeine s. a. 
 Beames and Scales 5 0" 
 
95 
 
 1631 October 10. 
 
 That if any person or persons nominated as Stewards 
 (agreably to resolution 26 Oct. 1614) shall refuse to performe 
 the same in convenient, seemly, and decente sorte, he shall 
 forfeit the sum of Ten Pounds ; and if the Master, Wardens, 
 and Assistants, shall think fitting he shall be dismissed from 
 his place of Livery of the said Company. And none shall be 
 taken to be Assistants of the Company, except he hath first been 
 one of the Stewards of the said dinner or paid his fine. No 
 person to be twice called to that charge of Stewardshippe." 
 
 " Lost by Corne* this year . . . .£9 4 3'' 
 
 2g33 ^< This Year all the Spoones were sold but One which was 
 W Humphrey bowins Spoone.'' 
 
 1634 September 22. 
 
 It was agreed amongst us, That £10 towards the re-edifying 
 S* Paules Church should be given in this manner that is to say 
 40/- in hand and 40/- Annum for four Years, f 
 
 " That the Master and Wardens shall every year pay £6 
 a piece to clear them of all charges for their dynners (except 
 only One Supper to be had at the choosing of a New Master 
 and Wardens) and every Liveryman to pay (as they have 
 formerly done) 12 pence a piece for every their Dynners in the 
 Year. 
 
 * This year the Grocers record that they had hitherto furnished the Markets 
 and Wards, agreeably to the direction of the Privy Council, to their apparent 
 loss of £400 at the least. — Heath's Grocers' Company, p. 70. 
 
 -f Many honorable instances of private zeal for the restoration of the Cathe- 
 dral have been recorded. Charles himself set the example, by erecting, at his 
 own expense, the portico on the "West, whilst Sir Paul Pindar restored the beau- 
 tiful screen at the entrance into the choir, and gave £4,000 to the repairs of the 
 South Transept, and thus, by 1643, the whole was finished, except the steeple, 
 at an expense of £100,000. 
 
96 
 
 " That the Court Dynner shall be borne and paid at the 
 Howse charge (not exceeding the sum of 40/) and the Elder 
 Master and Wardens, and the New Master and Wardens and 
 the Auditors to be there and no other. 
 
 " That the Stewards shall pay to discharge them of their 
 two dynners £7 a piece. 
 
 " That the House shall be at the charges of a dynner on 
 Lord Mayor's Day (not exceeding £6) and if any be left thereof, 
 it be returned to the House. 
 
 " That the money in Stock shall be put forth for the good 
 of the Company only at £6 W Cent, when Money shall come 
 in to be disposed of. 
 
 " That the Master and Wardens shall repair to the dwelling 
 houses of such Brethren as are in Arrearages for their 
 Quarterage and Dynners, as well of the Livery as of the 
 Yeomanry ; and such as be refractory and shall refuse to pay — 
 such other course shall be taken as may be thought fitt." 
 
 1635 January 11. 
 
 That M^ Collins for misbehaving himself in the face of this 
 Court, is ordered to pay for his offence Five Shillings, if he 
 shall refuse to pay — that then and from thenceforth he shall be 
 dismissed from being Assistant of this Company.'^ 
 
 July 20. 
 
 " Leonard Lambert and William Burrowes for certain words 
 passing between them contrary to our Orders, it was thought 
 fit, that Leonard Lambert should pay us a fine for his fault 
 Five Shillings, and William Burrowes Twenty Shillings.'' 
 " Rec^ of the Master and Wardens to clear 
 
 them of all Dinners for their Yeare . £18 0 0 '* 
 
 1638 May 21. 
 
 " That William Freeman should pay to Edmund Clapham 
 the 4*^ of June the sum of 5/- and on the 25*^ July other 5/- 
 
97 
 
 in full satisfaction of matters in difference or otherwise to take 
 his course in Law/' 
 
 1638 January 8. 
 
 " Mr John Major lately elected to serve the place of Younger 
 Warden, is (for causes appearing) from the said office of 
 Wardenship absolutely dismissed.'' 
 
 1639 Paid for a Dinner at chusing Burgesses for y® 
 
 Par^ £2 10 10 " 
 
 1640 Octobers. 
 
 That no Founder free of this Company, shall sett up any 
 Furnace or Nealing in London, or three miles compass thereof, 
 without it be allowed by the Master, Wardens, and Assistants, 
 to the end it may be known — the same furnace be free from 
 firing the place wherein it standeth, and if the same furnace 
 be not allowed (to) melt in it without leave, he shall forfeit 
 for the first offence 20V and for the second £6." 
 
 " Recev^of the Lyvery for Quarterage for y^ year. .£1 16 4 
 Eecev^ of the Yeomanry do. do. £19 0 
 
 Payments to y^ Poore this year £4 12 6 
 
 Sundry Payments from 6^ to 1/ each £1 6 0 
 
 To Thomas Benson in his Sicknesse and at his burial 10^ 10*^ 
 
 1641 Spent on the Lord Maiors Day at Dinar, having all the 
 Company and their Wives at Dinar, and the Master and 
 Wardens and Stewards and their Wives at Supar next day 
 at night £18 0 3 '' 
 
 1646 September 12. 
 
 " That William Basspoole shall hold the place of Clerk, 
 and sizing the Weights." 
 
 H 
 
98 
 
 1645 October. 
 
 Thomas Embry, a member of the Company, was complained 
 of, that he did trim and make up Brass Works for persons not 
 free of the Company of ffounders. The said Thomas then 
 confessed himself guilty, because he said he knew not before that 
 time that it was in any way a breach of his Oath. Whereupon 
 the Court took into consideration the great hurt as might arise 
 to the said Mistery — and did order and agree that no Man 
 whatsoever free of that Society and Workers in Brass, should 
 never hereafter trim or make up any Work in Brass or Copper — 
 save only for them that were free of the Mistery and Company 
 of ffounders. 
 
 That no ffounder of this Company shall fill or stop with 
 Lead any Brass Works made up by them — whereby the King^s 
 liege people may be damnified or any private person cheated in 
 buying the same again for Brasse, when a great parte of the 
 same is Lead. Any person who shall be found to offend, shall 
 pay for the first offence Twenty Shillings — the second offence 
 to be proceeded against according to the Statute.^^ 
 
 November 12. 
 
 " It was agreed, That the Old Hearse Cloth* embroydered 
 with Gould and Popish Images, being contrarie to a late 
 ordinance of Parliament should be burned by Mr. Major one 
 of the Assistants ; and the Silver thereof to be putt to pay for 
 the amending and repair of the said Hall, and that the old 
 popish painted Cloth should be taken away, and other new 
 put into the room.'^ 
 
 * That no due respect might be wanting in celebrating the funerals of deceased 
 members, indeed, that they might be buried with a degree of grandeur, worthy 
 the consequence of the fraternities they belonged to, almost the whole of them 
 appear to have kept a State Pall, or Herse Cloth." 
 
99 
 
 1645 Fehniary 9. 
 
 "Memorandum. That upon Candlemas Quarter Day, by- 
 reason of the Two Wardens having died before the Quarter, 
 
 The following curious par timlars as to the maldncj of a New Herse Cloth occur in 
 the Accounts of the Coopers' Company : — 
 
 6 lt5 6i oz. of Gold and SHver at 54/- tlie lb £17 19 10 
 
 Silks of divers Coloiu'S 138 
 
 Yellow White Purple and Black Silks, at oz 2 13 2 
 
 5 J yds. Purple Velvet, at 26 / 8 yd 7 6 8 
 
 For Pearls 16 0 
 
 For working 14 oz. Purple Silk into Fringes ... ... ... 060 
 
 For Yellow Cotton, made fit for the Cloth, to keep it from fretting., . 0 3 6 
 
 For Canvas 05 0 
 
 For Paper, Flour, Saffron Wax, Searing Candle, Ink, Glue, Bread 
 
 to make Clean the Work, Buckram, &c. ... ... ... 0 87 
 
 For Candles spent in the night time about making the said Cloth 0 9 0 
 Paid to the Brod^ess, for their Workmanship done in the making 
 
 the said Herse Cloth in great, with 20 / - in reward, by consent 
 
 of the Court, in the whole 24 10 4 
 
 And for their bedding all the time of their Work, the time of Seven 
 
 Months 0 4 4 
 
 Paid the Painter for drawing the Crest and Arms for the New Herse 
 
 Cloth 0 3 4 
 
 The State Pall of the Fishmongers, yet kept at that Company's Hall, affords 
 a competent idea of the magnificent Palls of Roman Catholic times. It consists 
 of a centre slip, about twelve feet long, and two feet and a half wide ; and two 
 shorter sides, each eight feet and eleven inches long, by one foot four inches 
 wide, and when laid over the corpse must have totally enveloped the cofiin. 
 In the style of ornament, workmanship, and materials, this is one of the most 
 superb works of its kind of ancient art ; and in this country, as a relic of the 
 Eoman Catholic faith, has probably no parallel. The pattern of the central part 
 is a sprig or running flower, composed of gold network, bordered with Eed, and 
 the whole whereof reposes on a smooth solid ground of Cloth of Gold. The 
 end pieces consist of a very rich and massy- wrought picture, in gold and silk, 
 of the patron saint Peter, in pontificalibus. Seated on a superb throne, his 
 liead crowned with the papal Tiara. One hand holds the keys, the other is in 
 the posture of giving the benediction. On each side of the saint is a kneeling 
 Angel with a golden censer. The Angels' wings are composed of peacocks' 
 feathers ; the outer robes are gold, raised with crimson, their under vests white, 
 shaded with sky blue ; the faces are finely worked in satin, after nature, and 
 they have long yellow hair. Saint Peter's vest, or under robe, is crimson, raised 
 with gold ; the inside of the hanging sleeves of his outer robe or coat ; azure, 
 'powdered with gold stars. A golden nimbus, or rather glory, encircles his head ; 
 and in his lap is placed an open book, 
 
 H 2 
 
100 
 
 Two New Ones were chosen, the whole Court did there give 
 consent that the Quarter Dinner should be paid as foUoweth : 
 The Master to pay a third, and the Upper Warden 6/8, and 
 the Renter Warden 13/4 and the House to discharge the rest, 
 
 which came unto £2.0.8 which dinner came unto 
 
 £4 1. 0." 
 
 1646 -4pn7 22. 
 
 That the Weights of William Lambert should be seized 
 upon and taken, and being priced by Workmen, the worth of 
 them should be sold to discharge the Stewards' Fine that was 
 imposed upon him the Lord Maior's Day before.'^ 
 
 September 24. 
 
 " Certain persons were put in Nomination to come upon the 
 Clothing,* and were all summoned as follows : — 
 
 You are required by the Master, Wardens, and Assistants 
 of the Company of ffounders, who hath made choice of you to 
 
 The side pieces are divided into three compartments. The centre, Christ 
 delivering the keys to Peter. Both figures stand in a beantiful-worked recess, 
 within gothic pinnacles and ornaments. On each side of this middle picture 
 (it is the same on both sides) appear the Fishmongers* Arms. The supporters, 
 Merman and Mermaid, are worked in their natural colours. The Merman wears 
 gold armour ; the Mermaid's body is of white silk thread, beautifully worked, 
 her long tresses of golden thread, a superb jewel hangs by a gold chain from 
 her neck. Her mirror reflects a head like that of Christ. The entire Pall has 
 a fringe two inches deep, of gold and purple silk threads, and is lined inside with 
 black silk. The weight of the whole is very considerable, and is in the finest 
 preservation. — Serhert^ 72. 
 
 * To be admitted on the Livery of a Company, was technically called, having 
 the Clothing. Stow notices the Hood (which was evidently copied from the 
 monk's cowl) as an indispensable appendage to the ancient Civic Liveries. The 
 coverture of men's heads, he says, in these times, was Sood, for neither cap 
 nor hat is spoken of, except in the case of J ohn Wells, Mayor. He continues, 
 
 these hoods were worn, the roundlets upon their heads, the skirts to hang 
 behind in their necks, to keep them warm, the tippet to be on the shoulder, or 
 to wind about their necks, &c." — Strype^ ii. 248, (as quoted by Herbert^ 60.) 
 
101 
 
 I 
 
 be one of the Brethren of the Clothing, to provide yourself 
 with a Livery Gown and Hood, and comely apparel, according 
 unto the Custom of this City and order of the Company, and 
 to appear at ffounders Hall by 9 of the Clock in the forenoon 
 upon the Lord Mayor's day next, 1646, as you will answer the 
 contrary at your peril. 
 
 Paid for Midsummer day at the Windmill ..£266 
 Paid upon Bartholomew day at the Globe at 
 
 Islington £6 8 7 
 
 Delv^ one Bond more into our Master's Custodie, 
 being my Lord Mayor and the Court of Alder- 
 men bound unto the Company of ffounders £50 0 0 " 
 
 1647 Memorandum. Mr. Careles made free Anthony Avis for 
 the time he had served him, and Robert Hardie his Major for 
 the time of his Service in the Parliamentary Army." 
 
 October 29. 
 
 ^^That every New Master, and every Upper Warden, and 
 every Renter Warden,* at the first serving of their said places, 
 shall pay down their fyne of £6 of lawful English Money upon 
 the day they be sworne, and that the said two Wardens shall 
 pay upon the day of the choice of a Lord Mayor, the Upper 
 Warden Six Shillings and Eightpence, and the Renter Warden 
 Thirteen Shillings and Fourpence for and towards a Dinner for 
 those of the Livery as shall be warned to be at the choice of 
 the said new Lord Mayor, according to an ancient custom 
 used in this Company. 
 
 '^That every Master and Wardens so sworne shall upon 
 Candlemas Quarter, May Quarter, and Lammas Quarter, pay 
 
 * A Eenter Warden is an officer that receives the rents and profits belonging 
 to any particular company or corporation. 
 
102 
 
 towards the dinner that shall be kept on those Quarter days 
 Three Nobles * a piece, and that every of the Clothing that 
 hath not borne the place of Renter Warden shall pay their 
 12*^ a piece, as well he that dineth as he that cannot come, for 
 and towards the maintaining of Love and Brotherly Society in 
 the said Company, and that the rest of the charge be borne by 
 the Hall. 
 
 " Further. — That £200, parte of a fyne given unto the 
 Company (arising from the two Houses given by Rowdinge} 
 should be put forth at Interest unto the Merchant Adventurers, f 
 with the other £300, and the old Bond called in, and a new 
 one made of £500, which Bond is made and delivered, being 
 £516 due upon the 26^^ May, 1648, and the Bond put in the 
 Trunk in the Inner Butterie. 
 
 That £30 or thereabouts should be bestowed in such plate 
 as the Company did want with the name of M^* Eich^ Rowdinge 
 upon each piece, in Memory of his Guift given unto the 
 Company. 
 
 ^' That £10 out of the Money in the Trunk should be given 
 unto 20 Poor People with M^ Woodalls 40/- and the Fish- 
 mongers' Mark, which is accordingly done and performed. 
 
 " That no Stewards as shall henceforth be chosen to provide 
 the dinner for the Lord Mayor's day, shall from this day 
 forward ever be allowed to buy the provisions themselves, but 
 to pay down their Seven Pound a Man — upon the Court day 
 which shall happen within some five days after the said 
 Stewards shall be chosen. 
 
 " At this Court there was heard a difference between two 
 brethren of the Company : upon which the Court ordered that 
 
 * A Noble was of the value of 65. M. sterling, 
 t Tenants of the Company. 
 
103 
 
 they should like Brethren be Mends together, and if they would 
 not, but with stubbornness stand out against the said Court — 
 then leave should be given to take a course of Law ; but they 
 both submitted themselves, and promised a brotherly friendship 
 for the time to come, or else to stand to the sentence of the said 
 Court, for what punishment their discretion should inflict upon 
 them/' 
 
 February 21. 
 
 " That no person free of this Society shall under any pre- 
 tence whatever, carrie or beare about the Streets, or cause to 
 be borne, any Ware made of Brasse or Copper, by the way of 
 Hawking or Proffering ; for the first offence he shall pay Ten 
 Grottes: for the second 10 V- . . . and if stubborn and refuse 
 to pay such fine or fines — shall forthwith be proceeded against 
 according to the Laws of the Kingdom in that cause provided, 
 or otherwise punished by the discretion of the said Court. 
 
 " That the Wayghtes of Brass which be cast by any Member 
 of the Company, shall not have any Pott Brasse or Lead cast 
 in them, whereby the Wayghtes may be debased or made of 
 any worse Brass than Yellow Mettell as of former times they 
 were, and if any shalbe found so doing he shall forfeit the sum 
 of 20V. 
 
 " That no ff'ounder shall under what pretence soever bottom 
 any Wayghtes, that the bottom shalbe discarnable by any Man 
 but a Working ffbunder. 
 
 That no Wayght Maker that doth cast Brass Wayghtes 
 and make them up and put them to sale, but shall within Seven 
 days provide a Stamp, and mark all the said Wayghts from 
 the greatest unto the Quarter of a Pound ; upon pajoie of 
 paying for the first offence 3^4^, and for the second and third or 
 more offences to be fined according to the discretion of the Court. 
 
 " At the same Court complaynt was made of John Falkner, 
 Abell Hodges, Anthony Greene, Rob^ Haselton, who came into 
 
104 
 
 the Court and confessed as folio weth : J ohn Falkner that he 
 had offended in hawking and proffering his Ware at under 
 Rates, and casting his Wayghtes of Brass Mettle, and promised 
 amendment — and was forgiven without paying any fyne at ail. 
 Robert Haselton confessed that he did do it by his Wyff, and 
 would do it again, with many other unseemly speeches, — ^being 
 unable to discharge the fyne, an Officer was sent for ; but by 
 the earnest entreaty of M^' Parratt, whom he had most offended, 
 and the consideration that from disease — he was no way fit to 
 go to the Counter, upon submission he was discharged. Abell 
 Hodge having many things proved against him, denyed them 
 all, whereupon he was fined lOY, but the Court taking into 
 consideration his pleading of poverty, and the simplicity of the 
 man, ordered him to pay Ten Grottes within Seven days. 
 Anthony Greene confessed that he had kept his Boy contrary 
 to the Order of the Company, and was fined Five Shillings ; 
 but upon his humble petition shewing many reasons that his 
 other Apprentice had long been lame upon his hands, and how 
 he aimed at nothing but the good of the Company and help to 
 himself now in his old age, — was permitted to bind that Boy 
 also. 
 
 " Edward Evans, ffounder, warned in John Tibbott — to pay 
 him the sum of <£6 . 8 . 0. It was agreed. That Tibbott should 
 pay Evans a Pair of Brass Andirons, priced at 20/- and after 
 12/- per Month untill the debt was fully paid.'' 
 
 1648 ^P^^^^ 
 
 " Mem^ — That James Maltby did contrary to his Oath 
 dishonestly cause to be made two Stamps of Steel, to counterfeit 
 and Seal Brass Waights, which he is bound to bring to ffounders 
 Hall, for which at the Sessions at the Old Bailey he was fyned 
 by the Jurie in Twenty Pounds ; besides his charges and 
 disgrace, and doth humbly crave pardon of this his Company, 
 that he may not be further questioned for the same Offence, 
 
105 
 
 and doth promise never to offend in like manner againe ; and 
 have further had all his Stamps defaced and broke, and the 
 Waightes soe sealed by him taken away and defaced." 
 
 1648 May 8. 
 
 Forasmuch as by the Letters Patent of Incorporation, they 
 have full power to Elect a Master and Wardens upon the 
 Monday before the Feast of Michael the Archangel, and 
 that after the choice of him or them, they be sworne before 
 the said Court, We do find that the imposing of the said Oath 
 upon the same day they are chosen is not meete, but prejudicial 
 and hurtful unto the Company, and contrary to the Custom of 
 other Companies of this honorable Citty : Be it ordained That 
 from henceforth no Master or Warden chosen into this Society 
 upon the abovenamed day, but upon the Accompt day following 
 — which shall be within fourteen days after the said day of 
 choice. To the end that if any Master or Wardens shalbe 
 unfitt of boddie, or unable to pay those fines and charges which 
 will grow due by his holding the place or places, he or them 
 may have that time to take into consideration — and provide 
 accordingly, and to give the Company time to chuse others in 
 their places, according to their payments or answers.'^ 
 
 1649 August 6. 
 
 Forasmuch as this Company of ffounders hath had power 
 and authority for well nigh 200 Years, as apperes upon Record 
 in their said Hall from the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, and 
 t that power confirmed in our Charter. That the Master 
 Wardens or greater parte of the Court of Assistants have 
 power to view and search all and every furness and nealing 
 hearth belonging to every ffreeman of the said Company, to 
 the end that they may be builded free from fireing the House 
 or place whereon they stand, and to have the said fumesses or 
 hearthes allowed and entered in a Register in their Common 
 Hall." 
 
106 
 
 1649 Paid at the Three Tuns, two severall tymes 
 about our Whifflers and other business, 
 
 concearning Lord Mayors day .... 
 
 £3 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 Paid when the New Sheriff was chosen . . 
 
 
 18 
 
 0 
 
 Paid Candlemas Quarter day Dinner . . . 
 
 £6 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 
 £4 
 
 18 
 
 2 
 
 Paid Lammas Quarter day Dinner .... 
 
 £4 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 Paid upon Midsummer Day at the Daggar* . 
 
 £2 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 Paid upon a Thanksgiving Day in July . . 
 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 
 Paid upon Bartholomew Day at Islington . . 
 
 £5 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 Paid upon — Sep"^ at the Shipp in Ould Fish St' 
 
 £2 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 Paid upon Choice Supper 
 
 £2 
 
 19 
 
 0 
 
 Paid upon Michaelmas Day at the 3 Tuns . 
 
 £4 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 Paid upon 8'* Oof being a Thanksgiving Day 
 
 
 19 
 
 3 
 
 Paid with going 3 severall times to West- 
 minster befor the Committee with the 
 Corporation £1 15 4 " 
 
 1650 Septemher 23. 
 
 " That John Stead, J ohn Castle, and William NickoUs have 
 Order to provide themselves with Livery Gowns and Hoods, 
 and comely apparell, according to the custom of this Citty, 
 
 * In a Play of 1608, tlie Apprentice of Old Hobson, a rich Citizen, fre- 
 quents the "Rose and Crown," in the Poultry, and the "Dagger," in Cheapside. 
 
 [Enter Two Prentices and a Boy.] 
 First Apprentice. — Prithee fellow Goodman, set forth the Ware and looke to 
 the Shop a little : I'll but drink a cup of Wine with a Customer, at the Eose 
 and Crown, in the Poultry, and come again presently. 
 
 ^'•Second Apprentice. — I must needs step to the Dagger, in Cheape, to send a 
 letter into the country to my father ; stay boy, you are the youngest prentice, 
 lf>ok you to the shop." — Timbs's Club Life in LondoUy ii. 112. 
 
107 
 
 against next Lord Mayor's day, and not to fail as they will 
 answer the contrary at their peril.'^ 
 
 1651 ^ay 5. 
 
 " That the Gown and Hood of William Morgan shall be sold, 
 to make satisfaction for a debt of £3 due to the Company." 
 
 August 4. 
 
 " Whereas W. Freeman, E. Clapham, and J. Bush, had 
 either vexed other in Suits of Law concerning words of defama- 
 tion : It was ordered, that either the other should loose their 
 charges they had been at, and let all suits fall on each side : 
 except the suits of Assault and Battery between Freeman and his 
 Wife and Bush and his Wife. Freeman and Bush to use the 
 best means to end the same by Arbitration ; but the Court 
 declined to take upon them the arbitration, because it was then 
 committed to the hearing of the next Session of Peace." 
 
 October 9. 
 
 " That from this day forward there shall be no Dinners nor 
 Expenses laid forth by this Company but such as are hereunder 
 mentioned. 
 
 The 29^^ October being the Lord Mayor's Day shall be 
 kept at the charge of the Stewards. 
 
 " That Candlemas Quarter day. May Quarter day, and 
 Lammas Quarter day, shall be borne by the Hall Stock, not 
 exceeding £5 each Dinner. 
 
 That Choice Day Dinner, and Michaelmas Day, and the 
 Day of Account, shall be kept upon their proper times appointed, 
 and 40/- for each day shall be allowed by the Hall for those 
 three Dinners, as in former times it doth appear. 
 
 " That upon Michaelmas Day the Upper Warden shall pay 
 his Noble, and the Renter Warden his Mark, as in former 
 
108 
 
 times. The Master and Wardens shall pay three Nobles a piece 
 each of the three Quarter day dinners as is ordered in the Hall 
 Book for 1647. 
 
 " And that all the other comings in shall be put to the Hall 
 Stock, to defray all charges. 
 
 That upon any Public Thanksgiving Day, or any special 
 occasion, what expenses are laid forth shall be wholly unto the 
 discretion of the Master and Wardens." 
 
 1651 JdYiii^ry 30. 
 
 " Paid Jan^ 30. A Thanksgiving Day at the 
 
 Cardinals Cap* £5 9 0 
 
 February 9. 
 
 " The Addressment of the Commonalty of the Corporation 
 of ffounders. 
 
 . To the Worshipful Master Wardens and Assistants of the 
 Company of ffounders these sheweth : — 
 
 That whereas it is most falsely and unjustly reported that 
 we are those whose design it is to overthrow and bring into 
 confusion the government of this Company— for the vindication 
 of ourselves we greet you with this brief account of our desires, 
 if you will be pleased to take cognizance of them. We do, 
 for our parts declare — that we are so tender of the reputation 
 of you our Governors, that we are in nowise willing to do any 
 thing of a disparaging reflection upon you — but to attend the 
 providence of God for a reducement of ourselves to our primi- 
 tive rights and privileges, and this we know is justifiable both 
 by the law of God, of Nature and of Nations. The Motive 
 being the consideration of the engagements that lieth upon you 
 to preserve the liberties of those people over whom you rule — 
 for very sensible we are of many things done in the exercise of 
 
 * A Tavern in Lombard Street. 
 
109 
 
 your power over us, altogether inconsistent with the laws of 
 righteousness, the rules of safety and our public good. There- 
 fore seeing men in all ages have, through their supine 
 carelessness, degenerated from the righteousness of their first 
 principles, and if your ancestors have been guilty of any 
 thing of this nature, we entreat that it may be your sorrow 
 and not your sin — and suffer us to persuade you to a recollection 
 of all those things that are held up on corrupt customs. 
 Examine them by the Law and by the Testimony — so shall 
 you make good that you have spoken in the ears of the Lord — 
 when you vowed to reform all things so far as in you lay 
 according to his words. This our Addressment presenteth you 
 with an opportunity of being seen in the best of your glory if 
 you Avill make your names to be the repairers of the great 
 breach and restorers of paths to dwell in through many 
 generations. I^ow we humbly desire you would let us have 
 the Charter of the Company read — without which we are in 
 no rational capacity to know our privileges— but we shall be 
 led in a way of ignorance and blindness, as we have been 
 hitherto all our days, doing things we know not why, for ends 
 we know not what : these things we pray you to consider, and 
 return us a positive answer, and so you shall engage our hearts 
 to be willing to serve you in any Christian Service.^' 
 
 Fehruary 9. 
 
 The above petition was this day presented. Under the 
 pretence that they required nothing but to have the Charter 
 read to them — there were used many unseemly speeches, claiming 
 an equal power with the Court of Assistants in government and 
 authority, without distinction of persons, to the great dis- 
 turbance of the sayd Court. The Charter was read by order 
 of the sayd Court. After much discussion several of the ring- 
 leaders went away and would pay no Quarterage except the 
 Company would keep better their Charter, and let them have 
 
110 
 
 those privileges unto which they were born, for they had been 
 made slaves long enough by the Company." 
 
 1652 July 2. 
 
 The Master and Wardens with the Committee proceeded 
 to search severall Shops, and left strict orders that no Brass 
 Work should be filled with Lead to deceive and cuzen any people 
 of the Nation, and that all kinds of Brass Ware be made of 
 good strong mettle without any deceit. They found at Abell 
 Hodges (of whom many complaints had been made previously) 
 one great Stop Cock, so thin, that it would be of no service, 
 and another Stop Cock filled with Lead. And at Evan Evens's 
 other great still Cockes filled with Lead and so basely wrought, 
 that they were at once broken and defaced, and the said Evens 
 summoned to the next Court, where he was fined 20^ which 
 he paid and confessed his fault, and promised amendment ; 
 whereupon the Court seeing his submission gave him a Mark 
 of his Money back again, and the rest of his broken ware.'* 
 
 Aitgust 2. 
 
 Abel Hodges for his bad and defective work (which had 
 been broken up end defaced) was fined 20 y, but sternly refused 
 to yield obedience, and would pay none — It was ordered That 
 the Master and Wardens, and such as they shall call to their 
 Assistance by the Beadle, — shall take a distress of the goods 
 of the said Abel Hodges for so much Money as is imposed upon 
 him, being the sum of Fortie three Shillings and four Pence. 
 That is to say 20V according to an Order May 12, 1652, for 
 defective Works and putting lead in to sell for Brass, and 20y 
 for work taken in the search, made up to deceive and damage 
 the buyers, and Ten Grootes for unseemly speeches uttered 
 unto the said Company. 
 
 At the same Court it was Ordered — that for denying to 
 pay the Quartridge towards the poor of the Company and with 
 many unseemly words — and exciting others not to pay — that 
 
Ill 
 
 the Master and Wardens with assistance should take and carry 
 away by distress so many of the goods of those Men which 
 refused to the value of 5V ^ Man, and the same goods to keep 
 and detayne according to the true meaning of the Ordinances 
 of the Company/^ 
 
 1652 ^t(gt(^st 11. 
 
 There was a distress taken of the goods of Abel Hodges 
 for the sum of 43/4 of Thomas Brown for 5/- of John Lucas 
 for 5/-. Upon the 13*^ following they went unto the houses 
 of W. Nichols, P. Thomas, D. Baker and J. Eannalds — 
 Thomas resisted them with many threatening words and taking 
 up tooles in his hands — and bid them look to themselves if 
 they but touch any thing there. Baker and Nichols would yield 
 no obedience, but kept them forth of their doors by violence. 
 Eannalds yielded obedience and payd the fine.^' 
 
 September 27. 
 
 " That the Sizer should not deliver the Waights again untill 
 such time as the owners had fuUie satisfied for the sealing of 
 them, both unto the Oittie and the Company and to the Sizer, 
 which is a Halfpenny for every Waight from the 8 unto the 
 Dram. 
 
 " "Where also was chosen Six Liverymen to come in upon 
 the Lord Mayor\s day next with Livery Gowns and Hoodes and 
 comelie Apparel, according unto the Custom of the Cittie of 
 London and orders of the Company.'' 
 
 February 7. 
 
 That the Sealer of the Troy Waightes that weare brought 
 to ffounders Hall to be sized and made just . . . should have 
 the profitts unto his owne proper use without giving the 
 Company any Account of the same : AUwaies provided — that 
 he should take no more for the same, but what antiently had 
 bin given by the former ffounders, and agreable to the Laws of 
 the nation. 
 
112 
 
 Ik 
 
 Whereas John Cook being bound at Founders Hall, 29 
 Sej^t. 1616, was made free May 4, 1625, since which tyme 
 hath lived unknowne unto the Company that he was free 
 thereof ; and by the prosecution of John Goodall the Informer 
 he was admitted a free Man of the Cittie January 25^^. 
 AVTiereuppon by Order of the Court, by a general consent, he 
 was admitted into the Clothing — and after by a generall 
 consent of all those, which were not Assistants, in regard of 
 his age and want of such men, he was sworne Assistant — and 
 payd his fyne for holding the Stewards' dinner according to the 
 Custom, being the sum of Seaven Pounds and Ten Shillings. 
 There were present also at the same Court many which weare 
 of the Livery, that gave consent that M^' Cook should go before 
 them in the Company." 
 
 1 G52 " Rec^ of the Gunpowder deF forth of the Hall* £4 0 0 
 Paid for States Arms t in the Glass Winder 18 0 
 
 1653 3Iay 12. 
 
 Ordered, That the goods and wares taken upon the 11 
 June, 1652, of Abell Hodges, Thomas Browne, and John 
 Lucas, by distress for certain fynes, — should be priced and 
 
 * So early as 1574 it was thought necessary *Uhat certain provision of 
 Gunpowder should be made to remaine within the Citie, as well for the better 
 defence thereof in times of peryl and danger, as well as for present service of 
 the same if need required ; " that this and the other Companies should, after the 
 rateable and proportionable allotment, provide their Shares thereof. Entries 
 relating thereto are continued in the Records, until 1666, when all mention 
 respecting them ceases. — Heathy p. 11. 
 
 t In the Merchant Taylors' Records, under date 1650, August 25, it was 
 ordered that the New Arms for this State and Commonwealth of England and 
 Ireland be provided by this Court against the next Lord's Day, as the City and 
 other Companies have done. 
 
 The above resolution was the consequence of the following precept Council of 
 State : — Information having been directed to me, that in severall Common Halls 
 of Companies and other public places, there still remains the Arms and Pictures 
 of the late King, and which have been ordered to be taken away. These, in the 
 
valued at a just and exact value, and were sold to M^* 
 Burroughes at the same rate, no other man would give any- 
 more. " 
 
 1653 August 24. 
 
 Bartholomew Day. A General Search for deceited and base 
 work by the Master Wardens and Assistants. Seizures made 
 from fourteen persons, who at the next Court were summoned 
 before the Lord Mayor for uttering and putting to sale defective 
 and unlawful wares, and punished and proceeded against 
 according to law and justice.^^ 
 
 1655 November 5. 
 
 " That speedy course be taken against Marmaduke Almonds 
 the Elder for the recovery by way of Action of the sum of Six 
 Pounds being his Warden's fyne, the nonpayment thereof 
 being deemed an evill example to all the rest that should come 
 after. 
 
 '^That the Stewards' Feast kept upon the Lord Mayor's day 
 for the Livery and their Wives shall be kept, and the charges 
 allways borne by the Two Stewards which shall be chosen by 
 the Court of Assistants for that day's Feast." 
 
 1656 July 9. 
 
 Agreed, That John Cock a freeman of this Company shall 
 be translated into the Brewers' Company on payment of £30." 
 
 WL names of the Keepers of the Liberties of England, by authority of Parliament, 
 
 are to require the Masters and Wardens to cause the said Pictures and Arms to 
 be removed and destroyed, and to send forth a certificate thereof. — Herbert, i. 181. 
 
 ^^p. " 21st April, 1660. — All their discourse and others are of the King's coming, 
 
 and we begin to speak of it very freely; and heard how in many churches in Lon- 
 don, and upon many signs there, they had set up the King's Arms." — Pepys^ i. 46. 
 
 " 9th April, 1661. — After dinner we went to fit books and things for the sale, 
 by an inch of candle, and very good sport we and the ladies' that stood by had, 
 
 I to see the people bid. Among other things sold there was all the State's Arms, 
 which Sir "W. Batten bought, intending to set up some of the images in his 
 garden, and the rest to burn on the Coronacion Night." — Pepys, i. 166. 
 
 I 
 
114 
 
 1657 September 28. 
 
 " John Beauchamp in nomination for Upper Warden being 
 very old and infirm, requested that his son might be brought 
 into the Livery and chosen Eenter Warden with himself, that 
 he might be a stay and help to him ; promising that his son 
 should pay all fynes and duties. Agreed to." 
 
 October 29. 
 
 " That yf any ffounder shall carry any Waights unto the 
 Guildhall of London before he hath brought them first unto 
 the Sizers at Founders Hall, he shall forfeit for so doing the 
 sum of Twenty Shillings for the use of the Company's Poor. 
 And every flounder that shall make Brass Waights, shall mark 
 them with his own proper Stampe before he hath them sealed, 
 or shall be fined Ten Shillings. 
 
 That the money which is due for the Sealing shall be payd 
 unto the Gierke when they are delivered to the owners thereof ; 
 And looke what waightes the sayd Gierke shall deliver upon 
 trust, he shall beare the loss himself of his owne Money,* and 
 of the Citties and Gompanies which is due to them.'' 
 
 March 23. 
 
 " Coppie of Orders made this day, 
 " That from henceforth it shall not be lawful for any person 
 using the Art or Mystery of a flounder — to take unto them- 
 selves or bynde any Apprentice which is not borne within the 
 dominions of this Gomonwealth — Neither shall they have or 
 keep above the number of Apprentices hereafter mentioned. 
 
 That every one that is, or hath been Master Warden or 
 Assistant, from henceforth, three Apprentices. 
 
 Every one of the Livery Two Apprentices, and every other 
 person who do keep shopp or howse for himselfe (not a 
 journejmaan) shall keep One Apprentice : all of which 
 Apprentices shall be bound for Seaven Years at the least. . . . 
 And also that the Master shall within one Year next after 
 
115 
 
 his byndinge inroU the said Indenture of Apprenticeship, 
 according unto the Custom of the Citty of London : and 
 whosoe offendeth in any point shall forfeit and pay Six 
 Shillings and Eightpence ^ week to the Master and Wardens 
 of this Company/' 
 
 1658 Jul!/ 16. 
 
 " After mature consideration of several complaints against 
 Basspoole, Clerk to this Company : Resolved, That from 
 henceforth the said Basspoole be dismissed from being Clerk 
 of the said Company/' 
 
 September 2. 
 
 " That every Member that shall be chosen to be one of the 
 Stewards for the feast to be holden on Lord Maior's day, shall 
 hold the sayd Dinner at their proper charges, and shall have a 
 Bill of Fare given him by the sayd Company, to be provided 
 in a comely and decente sorte." 
 
 November 17. Ireton, Mayor, Book of M88., Report No, 7. 
 
 " Report upon the Petitions of the Founders, Scriveners, 
 Upholders, Freemasons, Clockmakers, Carpenters, and Gun 
 Makers Companies respecting Apprentices : — 
 
 ^' To the R* Hon. the Lord Mayor, &c. in Comon Counsell 
 assembled — According to an Order of this Hon. Court of the 
 Qth. Aiigt last, whereby was referred to the Committee of Trades 
 the consideration of the several Acts presented to this Court 
 to be passed for the Companys of ffounders, &c. to the end that 
 all persons using those severall occupations free of other 
 Companies, to bind theire Apprentices to each of those 
 Companies whose Art they exercise. Wee have severall times 
 met, and some of the said Companies appeared before us and 
 delivered in their reasons in writing — But wee being directed 
 to hear what other Companies would say, and also better to 
 inform ourselves of the consequences that might ensue in case 
 
 i2 
 
116 
 
 those Actcs were granted — gave notice to some of the principal 
 Companies to attend, who signified their desire to be heard 
 before a Report was made — And thereupon the Twelve 
 Companies presented sundry reasons which did not appear to 
 us heretofore ; and wee are fully satisfied that such Acts should 
 not be passed, but that they should be whoUy laid aside. 
 Howbeit we think that some expedient as to view and search, 
 and the limitation of persons free of other Companies different 
 from their Acts in binding Apprentices, be thought on as to the 
 contentment of those Companies as the weale of the Citty and 
 Cittyzens. All which we leave to the grave judgment and 
 consideration of this Honorable Court/^ 
 
 1659 June 24. 
 
 " The Court by general consent chose Eight members into 
 the Livery. Notice thereof to be given to them in Wryting 
 as foUoweth : — 
 
 " A. B. You are required by the Master Wardens and 
 Assistants of the Company of ffounders whereof you are free, 
 to appeare at ffounders Hall the next 29*^ October, 1659, in a 
 Livery Gowne and Hoode, and decent good apparell, according 
 unto the Custom of the Cittie and Order of the Company, And 
 that you be there by nine of the Clocke in the Morning to give 
 your attendance with the rest of the Livery, as you will answer 
 the same at your perill. 
 
 " Likewise the sayd Court hath ordered that you should 
 appear the next generall Quarter day to be kept at ffounders 
 Hall, to bring the fyne that is imposed uppon every New 
 Member admitted into the Livery, which is Three Pounds, Six 
 Shillings and Eightpence." 
 
 November 5. 
 
 That a distress should be taken of the goods of Cuthbert 
 Barber, for that he hath, contrary to an Order of the Court of 
 Aldermen, kept one Thomas Marshall unbound in defiance of 
 
117 
 
 the sayd Company — The sayd distress was about the quantity 
 of 120ib« of Wayghts/' 
 
 1659 Fehntary 11. 
 
 " That forasmuch that it hath been usual for some years for 
 the Livery to dine with the Assistants, Candlemas, May, and 
 Lammas Quarter days, paying Twelve pence the Peece : We 
 fynding that it is to the charge and loss of the Company, and 
 not any profit or quiet, do order that from henceforth that 
 custom shall cease for the time to come until further order — 
 in regard the times are very bad, and great charge is like to 
 faU upon the Hall." 
 
 1660 Jy^ne 5. Broivn, Mayor, Conf Ball Booh, No. 5, fo. 444^. 
 
 " Precept from the Lord Mayor for taking the Oaths of 
 Allegiance and Supremacy by all persons in Council in the 
 several Companies." 
 
 June 22. 
 
 " Memorandum That the Master and Wardens with the 
 greater part of the Livery — did upon the 19^^ of June 1660, 
 before the Lord Maior, Alderman Foote and Alderman 
 Delkwick, solemnly take the Oathes of Allegiance and Supre- 
 macie, and hath sirtyficates for soe doing." 
 
 Paid & gave when the Company took the Oathes* d. 
 
 of Allegiance and Supremacie 7 6 
 
 Paid for the Kinges Arms 246" 
 
 * ''July 6th y 1660. — I saw liis Majesty go with as mucli pomp and splendour as 
 any eartlily Prince could do to the great City feast ; the first they had invited 
 him to since his return, but the exceeding rain which fell all that day much 
 eclipsed its lustres. This was at Guild Hall, and there was also all the Parliament 
 men, both Lords and Commons. The streets were adorned with pageants at 
 immense cost." — Evelyn, i. 323. 
 
 ''April 2Zrd, 1661, was the Coronation of his Majesty, Charles the Second, in 
 the Abbey Church of Westminster, at all which ceremony I was present. The 
 
118 
 
 16G0 September 3. 
 
 Memorandum. That upon this day the Mast^ & Wardens 
 did visit all the fFounders shopps in Bartholomew Lane and 
 Lothebury — as well of them that were free of the fFounders 
 Company as those of the Coppersmiths, and found in the shop 
 of John Lucas, one cock of Brass filled in with 20 oz of Lead 
 & One 4*^ "Weight unsealed, unsized, and unmarked with the 
 owner's Stamp which work was brought into the Hall, &c. &c." 
 
 October 16. 
 
 That John Lucas for resisting the authority of the Court 
 — should be from the present day dismissed out of the Livery. 
 The words given to the Assistants were : That they were a 
 Company of Knaves and Fools, and that one Knave searched 
 another, and renownced their authority.'' ^ 
 
 1661 ^arch 13. 
 
 In regard to Anthony Bernard a ffreeman of this Company* 
 It was granted that he should be translated into the Company 
 of Woodmongers. His livelihood as a Carman depending on 
 the privilege granted to work by that Company and his having 
 been three times in trouble respecting it." 
 
 King and all his Nobility went to the Tower — and proceeded from thence to 
 Westminster. This magnificent train on horseback, as rich as embroidery, 
 velvet, cloth of gold and silver, and jewels, could make them and their prancing 
 horses, proceeded through the streets strewed with flowers, houses hung with 
 rich tapestry, windows and balconies full of ladies ; the London Militia lining 
 the ways, and the several Companies, with their banners and loud music ranked 
 in their orders ; the fountains running wine, bells ringing, with speeches made 
 at the several triumphant arches : at that of the Temple Bar (neere which I 
 stood) ye Lord Maior was receiv'd by the Bayliff of Westminster, who, in a 
 scarlet robe, made a speech. Thence with joyful acclamations his Ma"« passed 
 to Whitehall."— ^w^yw, i. 333. 
 
119 
 
 1662 May 4. 
 
 " Whereas John Lucas who was degraded out of the Livery 
 submytted himself, and payd the fyne of 20V, whereupon Five 
 ShilHngs thereof was put into the Poor's Box, and the rest of 
 the money returned to him again/' 
 
 1663 February 8. 
 
 J ohn Lucas appeared making his submission to the Court 
 — Whereupon the Court did order that the sayd John Lucas 
 should be readmitted again into the Livery." 
 
 1666 January 17. 
 
 That the Bonds of M^* Clement Dawes should be put in 
 Sute for his not paying in the Money that came into his hands, 
 by his being Master of the Company. Also against M^ John 
 White for not paying his Steward's fine." 
 
 February 4. 
 
 " That the present Master and Wardens with certain of the 
 Assistants should have full power to weigh and make sale of 
 all the Plate with Pewter, Brass, and Linen, or what else 
 appertains to the Hall." 
 
 1669 August 20. 
 
 Beadle's Wages £2 ^ Annum. 
 
 " That all persons that shall be chosen Master and Wardens 
 of the sayd Company for the future shall pay for their fyne 
 coming on £8. 
 
 " That all that shall be chosen Stewards for the future shall 
 pay for their fine £7 . 13 . 4. And that all that shall be 
 chosen on the Livery shall pay for their fyne coming on £6. 
 And also that all persons that shall be made free of the sayd 
 Company shall pay Twenty five Shillings, out of which the 
 Clerk to have Two Shillings and Six pence, and the Beadle 
 
120 
 
 One Shilling. And all that shall bind any Apprentice shall 
 pay lOy, out of which the Clerk to have fewer Shillings and 
 the Beadle One Shilling. Also, that all the Plate be forthwith 
 sold, and the money applied towards the building of the Hall. 
 Paid Charges for arresting Tho^ Pope for his 
 
 Steward's and Livery fine and subscription 0 9 9 
 
 Pec^ of Thomas Pope in full £14 4 0 
 
 Rec^ in Plate 275 oz. 12 dwts £68 18 0 
 
 Rec^^ in Fynes and Subscriptions .... £230 10 0 
 Eec^ taken up at Interest £500 0 0 
 
 1670 22)id Charles IL May 24. 
 
 To the Master and Wardens. 
 
 Sunday next the 29^^ day of May, being his Ma^^^^ Birth 
 day and of his most happy restoration. These are to require you 
 with the Livery of your Company to attend y^ Service and 
 devotion of the day at the Guildhall Chappie* in yo^ best Livery 
 Gowns, according to the Custom and usage in y* behalf. 
 Whereof you may not faile.^' 
 
 * S*- Mary Magdalen and All Saints, a chapel adjoining Guildliall, founded 
 1368, by A. F. and H. de Fowyk, to pray for the souls of themselves and friends. 
 It was rebuilt 1431, and at the dissolution of religious houses was bought by 
 the Mayor and Commonalty as a chapel to their hall. For many years service 
 was regularly performed in it once a week, and also at the Election of the Mayor, 
 and before the Mayor's feast, " to deprecate," says Pennant, indigestion and all 
 plethoric evils." The Lord Mayor and Aldermen at that time had seats appro- 
 priated to them, and the walls were covered with tapestry. In Pennant's time 
 the service was discontinued, and the chapel used as a justice room. The last 
 change was into a Court of Eequests, which continued until its destruction in 
 1822. Shortly afterwards, the Courts of Queen's Bench and Common Pleas 
 were erected on the site of the ancient Guildhall Chapel, Library, and part of 
 Blakewell Hall. The Books, Eegisters, and Monuments that remained, were 
 removed to the Church of S*- Lawrence, Jewry, whilst the statues of King 
 Edward VI., Queen Elizabeth, and King Charles L, which adorned the exterior, 
 were removed to the interior of the Guildhall, where they still remain, vmder 
 the great east window.— ^ ceo 2m ^ of Guildhall, Harveij. 
 
121 
 
 1671 Paid for a Breakfast for all the Company at 
 
 the Hall being Lord Mayor's Day ...£614'' 
 
 1672 April 3. 
 
 " Francis Lambert, Clerk to the Company, presented his 
 humble petition : That the Company would give him some 
 allowance towards his losses and extraordinary charge in 
 paying rent for a House to dwell in, since the late dreadful 
 fyer, for the term of fewer years, which did appear to be above 
 Sixty Pounds. It is therefore ordered that the sum of Thirty 
 Six pounds 6/6 be allowed towards his extraordinary charges." 
 
 September 23. 
 
 It was taken into consideration and debated and found by 
 the Court then sitting : That many good Laws and Ordinances, 
 Orders, Customs, and Usages of the Company of ffounders, 
 hath bin of late very much neglected and omitted, by reason of 
 the great trouble and distractions that have befallen the sayd 
 Company in generall as well as the particular Members, 
 occasioned by the late dreadful fyer in London, which wholly 
 consumed the Hall, and all the Lands and Tenements and 
 many of the movables, books and papers belonging to the sayd 
 Company. And now seeing it hath pleased God to bless the 
 sayd Company soe well as to enable them to procure the 
 rebuilding of their Hall and Tenements again : Therefore it is 
 ordered by this Court of Assistants, that all those Laws, 
 Ordinances, Orders, Customs, and Usages of the sayd Company, 
 shall be put in practice againe and be observed as formerly, and 
 that an Abstract or Memorandum of them shall be fairly 
 written by the Clerk, and be delivered to every Master soe soon 
 as he shall be sworne into his office, that he may the better 
 understand and know, what his office of Master requires him 
 to observe, and see it be done for the best government and 
 management of the good welfare and honor of the Company.'^ 
 
122 
 
 1673 25/A Charles IL January 27. 
 
 " For the more solemn and religious keeping of the two Fast 
 days* appointed by law to be kept within this Citie and the 
 liberties thereof, viz. on the 30^^ Jan^ ins^ and the 14*^ February f 
 next following. These are to command you forthwith to give 
 notice to the Liverymen of your Company, that they fail not 
 to accompany you in their Growns and Hoods on those days at 
 the hour of 8 in the Morning at Guildhall to attend myself 
 and brethren the Aldermen to the Chapel to hear Divine 
 service. Hereof fail not. Wagstaff.'' 
 
 1674 July 3. 
 
 That a fyne of Ten pounds shall be paid by those that may 
 be chosen Stewards within fourteen days after their Election, 
 or otherwise they shall hold the usual feast on the Lord 
 Mayor's day, which by the Charter doth belong to the said 
 Stewards to doe/' 
 
 1676 October 19 
 
 That Richard Smith the present Beadle shall be allowed 
 for his Salary from the Company £4 a year." 
 
 1678 Ju^e 21. 
 
 That all persons using the Art or Mystery of a ffounder, 
 shall pay unto the said Company of ffounders the sum of One 
 
 * ''^January 1*lth^ 1660-1, Lord's Bay. — This day tlie Parson read a Procla- 
 mation at Church, for the keeping of Wednesday next, the 30th January, a Fast 
 for the Murther of the late King." 
 
 January SOth, (Fast Day). — The first time that this day hath heen yet 
 ohserved, and Mr. Mills made a most excellent Sermon upon * Lord forgive us 
 our former iniquities : ' speaking excellently of the justice of God in punishing 
 men for the sins of their ancestors.'* — Fepys^ i. 148-149. 
 
 ''January SOth, 1661-2.— Fast Day for the Murthering of the late King. I 
 went to Church, and Mr. MiUs made a good Sermon upon David's words — 'Who 
 can lay his hands upon the Lord's anoynted and be guiltlesse ?' " — Ibid^ i. 253. 
 
 t The 14th of February was Ash- Wednesday in that year. 
 
123 
 
 Shilling for allowing of the Stamp or Marke with which they 
 are to marke their Wares before exposing them to sale." 
 
 1678 September 23. 
 
 That any Member refusing to hold the place of Master 
 shall pay for his fyne the sum of Twelve pounds, and any 
 Member refusing to hold the place of Upper Warden or Eenter 
 Warden shall pay the 'sum of Ten pounds. 
 Paid the Painters for the Banners .... £30 0 0 
 
 1679 July 24. 
 
 " James Dickinson, chosen Clerk in the room of Francis 
 Lambert, deceased. Ordered, That both the Clerk and Beadle 
 shall be chosen upon the day of the Election of the Master 
 and Wardens yearly for ever.'^ 
 
 Novemher 13. 
 
 That John Annison Cooke shall be Cook to this Company 
 during the pleasure of this Court." 
 
 1680 Paid for the Audit Dinner £6 14 8 " 
 
 1681 " Bill of Fare ordered by the Court of Assistants for the 
 three Stewards 20*^ October, 1681. 
 
 For Lord Mayor^s Day. 
 One Large Surloyne of Beefe, 
 A Fore rib of Beefe containing Four Ribs, 
 Five Leggs of Pork and Turnips, 
 Half a Barrell of Beere, Three Firkins of Ale, 
 Eight Gallons of Canary, Four Gallons of French Wine. 
 ''For the Feast Day, 
 " Three Large Surloynes of Beefe, 
 Twenty Pullets, Bacon, and Savoys, 
 Ten Dishes of Mince Pyes, 
 
 Ten Geese roasted, Ten Tongues, and Ten Udders roasted. 
 
124 
 
 Ten Turkeys, larded and roasted, 
 Ten Dishes of Custards, Ten Pippin Tarts, 
 Twenty Gallons of Canary, Ten Gallons of French Wine, 
 Halfe a Barrell of Beere, Halfe a Barrell of Ale. 
 " This Yeere the feast day to be ony^ 10^^ November, 1681.'' 
 
 1082 In an Inventory of the Goods in Founders Hall in the 
 custody of the Clerk taken the 23^ day of October by the 
 Auditors, there appears 12 Bushells with the Company's Arms 
 on, 12 Large Pewter dishes, 6 Two Quart Potts, 3 Salts, 9 
 dozen Pewter Plates, One Diaper Table Cloth, 44 Napkins, 1 
 doz. Case Knives and Case, 4 Silk Trophies, One with the 
 Kings Arms, One with the Cittys Arms, One the Founders 
 Arms and Tubal Cain, One Muskett, Bandelier, Swords & Belt, 
 One Wooden Mallettfor the Master, 3 pairs Brass Candlesticks 
 with the Companys Arms engraved thereon. Two pair of Snuff 
 Cups, Two paires of Snuffers, Two Snuffer Pans and y® 
 Poores Box." 
 
 1683 " M^^' Knowls agreed to keep the Stands and sett them up 
 every year. The Company to pay for the years standing and 
 setting up Seventy Feet of Standing or thereabouts every Lord 
 Mayor's Day for the sum of £2 . 10 . 6 Yearly." 
 
 1684 January 17. 
 
 " This day the present Master and Upper Warden played at 
 Nine Pins on y^ Thames, and a Coach and Horses came trotinge 
 over the Midell of y^ Thames upon y® Ice. * 
 
 * January 9th. — I went across the Thames on the ice, now become so thick 
 as to bear not only streets of booths, in which they roasted meat, and had 
 divers shops of wares quite across as in a to^Ti, but coaches, carts, and horses 
 passed over. 
 
 January 2ith. — The frost continuing more and more severe, all sorts of 
 trades, even to a printing press, where the people and ladies took a fancy to 
 have their names printed, and the day and year set down when printed on the 
 
1684 The Hoiii Colonel Oglethorpe, Master, M^' John White, 
 Deputy Master, M^' Anthony Gilles, M^* John Attwick, 
 Wardens, Colonel Edmond Mayn, Capt" Charles Aderley and 
 M^' John Pey, admitted October 29, 1684.'^ 
 
 1685 " We, whose names are hereunder written, Wardens and 
 Assistants of the Company of Founders of the City of London, 
 have surrendered all our rights, title, or interest of being 
 Wardens or Assistants of the said Company to the said present 
 Master and Wardens of the said Company of Founders afore- 
 said, according as his Majesty's Letters Patent, King James the 
 Second, doe direct. 
 
 Witness our hands the 17*^ day of March, 168|, in the 
 first year of his Majesty's reign. 
 
 Daniel Houghton, George Chew, 
 
 Peter Causton, Anthony Gibbs, Upper Warden." 
 
 1685 1st James IL May 7. Rep, Smith, No, 90, fo, 83. 
 
 This day was presented to this Court (Lord Mayor and 
 
 Thames ; this humour took so universally, that it was estimated the printer gained 
 £5 a day, at sixpence a name, besides what he got for ballads, &c. Coaches 
 plied from Westminster to the Temple, and from several other stairs to and 
 fro, as in the streets — a bull baiting, horse and coach races, puppet plays and 
 interludes, cooks, tippling, and other lewd places, so that it seemed a Bacchana- 
 lian triumph, or carnival on the water, whilst it was a severe judgment on the 
 land. — Evelyn's Diary, i. 568. 
 
 The principal scene, called Blanket Fair, was opposite the Temple Stairs — 
 *' Come listen awhile, tho' the weather be cold, 
 In your pockets and plackets your hands you may hold ; 
 I'll tell you a story as true as 'tis rare, 
 Of a river turn'd into a Bartholomew Fair. 
 Since old Christmas last 
 There has been such a frost, 
 That the Thames has by half the whole nation been crost ; 
 Oh ! Scullers, I pity your fate of extreames, 
 Each land-man is now become free of the Thames." 
 
 Great Frost, Percy Society, No. 42. 
 
126 
 
 Aldermen) Lists of the names* of the Members of the several 
 Companies by them nominated to be of their Liveries : Where- 
 upon the Court did allow and approve of such of the said 
 persons as are hereafter named to be of such Livery. All the 
 said persons being ffreemen of this Citie, and first sworne 
 according to the directions of his Majesty^s Letters Patents. 
 The names of such of the said Liverymen as shall omit to take 
 their Oathes to be forwarded to this Court. 
 
 Founders' Livery, 
 " Col. Theophilus Oglethorpe, Master, 
 " Ric^ Meakin, Hen^ Warren, Wardens. 
 
 Assistants, 
 
 " John White, Tho' Aylward, John Underwood, Will^ Rutter, 
 Hen. Hemins, John Prince, Tho^ Hamgood, Tho^ Watson, 
 Edm^ Read, W^^ Walmesly. 
 
 Livery, 
 
 Owen Humphries, Dan^ Sturmey, Math. Beavers, Ja® Bartlett, 
 Naty Stringer, Rich^ Plaister, John Bugden, Law® Pinder, 
 Will"^ Rogers, Rich^ Symons, Gfeo. Clarke, Ezek. Gibbs.'' 
 
 February 8. 
 
 That all the four persons now chosen Assistants, shall 
 before they be admitted Assistants, present and give to the 
 
 * *' The Wardens and Clerks names were to be first presented to the King, and 
 if approved, under the Sign Manual or Privy Signet, they may proceed to take 
 the Oaths ; if, on the contrary, they are rejected, the Court of Assistants are to 
 elect others, and so on, until his Majesty is satisfied. The King reserves to 
 himself the power of removing, by an Order of Privy Council, any Warden, 
 Assistant, or Clerk. The said Wardens and Commonalty are to be subject to the 
 Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen (who were themselves to be appointed by 
 the Crown) and who were to approve of all persons admitted to the Clothing or 
 Livery. J ames the Second's first act, on his succeeding his brother, 6th February, 
 1695, was an attempt to influence the Company's selection of voters. He 
 directed the Lord Mayor to issue precepts requiring them to return * such loyal 
 and worthy members as might be judged worthy and fit to be, by the Lord 
 Mayor and Court of Aldermen, approved of as Liverymen to elect members to 
 Bcrvo for the City of London at the approaching parliament.' " 
 
127 
 
 Master, Wardens, Assistants and Clerk of the said Company 
 All and every one, A pair of Cordabout * Gloves, and that all 
 persons hereafter to be chosen Assistants shall do the same as 
 a Token of Brotherly love and friendship/' 
 
 1687 September 26. 
 
 " That the Wardens shall pay their fines, which is £8 a 
 piece to the New Master. The Master to keep all payments 
 and reckonings, and not the Wardens." 
 
 October 19. 
 
 " That if either or both the Wardens shall be removed by 
 the Master, then he shall repay so much of the fyne as may 
 be proportionable to the time wanting of the year for which he 
 was chosen." 
 
 1689 September 23. 
 
 That the Master do treat with M^ Skinner, a Member of 
 this Company, or any other person for them to fine for all 
 Ofiices, and to raise so much money for the Company's use, as 
 he shall reasonably think fitt." 
 
 1692 James Dickenson re-elected Clerk, with this restriction, 
 That neither himself nor any of his family shall inhabit or 
 lodge within the said Hall ; and that Sarah Shurley be con- 
 firmed to be Housekeeper to the Company, giving security for 
 the Company's Goods and Chattels : The said Housekeeper to 
 receive for her own use the money which is given by the 
 Meeting and Dancing quarterly." 
 
 1693 " the Church Warden for pewing S^ Margaret's 
 
 Church and all difi'erences £9 10 0 
 
 P^a Year's Rent for Eiver Water t ... £1 10 0" 
 
 * Cordevan gloves, — Spanish, leather, from Cordova, formerly celebrated for 
 its manufacture. 
 
 t In 1582 was first erected at the city end of London Bridge, the famous 
 engine for raising water for the supply of the citizens, the invention of Peter 
 
128 
 
 1694 raid M^- Newton for One Eight day Clock . £10 0 0 
 
 1695 Augmt 5. 
 
 The Master acquainted the Court that on account of the 
 debts due from the Company, he had left off the Candlemas 
 quarter dinner and other quarter days, and that he thought it 
 \Yould be very well if the Company would make an Order 
 against ffeasting except for Lord Mayor's day. The Court 
 taking into consideration what hath been said, It is Ordered, 
 That the usual dyett that was the last year on Lord Mayor's 
 day shall be continued, and it is further Ordered, That no 
 Master or Warden shall at any quarter day or any other tyme 
 spend more than Ten Shillings at any one tyme, and that not 
 more than Twenty Shillings shall be spent at the Auditing the 
 Accounts. That the usual manner of Bread, Butter, Cheese, 
 Drink, and other things that hath been at the Hall for Break- 
 fast at Quarter or other days, shall be paid by the Master as 
 formerly, and not reckoned part of the Ten Shillings, and that 
 Three Pounds yearly be paid to the Clerk and One Pound Ten 
 ShilKngs to the Beadle, in lieu of money that used to be given 
 at Candlemas." 
 
 1696 December 9. 
 
 That the Master and Wardens be indemnified and Kept 
 harmless, and their charges and expenses that they shall expend 
 on behalf of the Company paid — provided they act by the 
 advice of this Court. 
 
 Morris, ' a Dutchman, but a free Denizen,' which was originally moved only by 
 the tide flowing through the first arch ; but, for the support of which, several 
 more of the water courses at that end of the Bridge, were afterwards successively 
 converted into cataracts or rapids, to the no small inconvenience of the navigation. 
 The lease of the proprietors, which ran for five hundred years, from the first 
 grant to Morris, at last comprehended all the stream of the river to the fifth arch 
 inclusive ; and the Water V^orks, which had, by various improvements, become 
 one of the most curious and powerful systems of hydraulic mechanism ever 
 constructed, continued in operation till an Act of Parliament was obtained for 
 their removal in 1822. 
 
129 
 
 " That J ames Dickinson the Clerk of this Company be dis- 
 charged until such time as he can discharge himself of the 
 crimes laid to his charge. 
 
 " That John Martin, Beadle of this Company be turned out, 
 and be no niore Beadle/' 
 
 1697 10. 
 
 " Charles Watts petitioned to be dismissed from being a 
 Member of this Company by reason of his poverty, which was 
 agreed to." 
 
 October 14. 
 
 " That Sam^ Kerrison and John Apthorpe be prosecuted at 
 Common Law for their not holding of the Offices of Steward, 
 and for their not fining for the same, and that the Clerk do 
 proceed forthwith." 
 
 October 19. 
 
 " That Sam^ Kerrison and John Apthorpe be from hence- 
 forth dismissed of being Liverymen of this Company for the 
 future, by reason of their not providing a Stewards' Dinner for 
 this Company, according to our Charter and ancient custom." 
 
 1697 William IIL April 30. Bep. Smith, JSTo. 101, /o. 206. 
 
 " It is ordered by the Court of Aldermen, that the Master 
 and Wardens, and Court of Assistants, do not proceed to the 
 Election of a Clerk, until report be made unto the Court by the 
 Committee appointed to examine into some irregularities in the 
 Founders' Company." 
 
 9th William IIL July 27. Bep, Smith, JSTo. 101, fo. 315. 
 
 The Company of ffounders having brought in their Answer 
 to the several Articles against them contained in a report from 
 the Committee of Aldermen, the examination of the same is 
 referred to the said Committee." 
 
 K 
 
130 
 
 1697 Wi William IIL Nov. 25. Rep. Edwin, No. 102, fo. 39. 
 
 This day the above Committee brought in their report in 
 writing, as followeth : — 
 
 We whose names are under written have further examined 
 into the several disorders of the Company of ffounders and y^ 
 mismanagement of the government of the said Company, and 
 doe find that the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants, 
 have noe way regarded the end and institution of the said 
 Company ; that is of soe great influence to the good or mischief 
 of the public weale, as they are intrusted with the examination, 
 sizeing, and marking of all Brass Weights and of Brass and 
 Copper Works made within three Miles compass, and of all 
 Brass Weights made beyond the Seas and brought into the 
 Citie of London, or three Miles compass. But the said Master 
 and Wardens have filled their Court of Assistants chiefly with 
 unskilful Members that have not been bxed to the Art and 
 Mystery of the Founders, and with great partiality have kept 
 out those that have been bred to the Trade, and who by seniority 
 ought to have been admitted. 
 
 That the late Master, Owen Humphries, was an ale house 
 keeper, and not only cheated the Citie of his own ffreedom, 
 but made severall others free who had not served him, and 
 bought false weights of a foreigner; and, notwithstanding 
 diligent search, should be made in all Shops and Warehouses, 
 the Master and Wardens have greatly neglected their duty 
 therein. 
 
 And further, we find many false weights have been sold 
 which are marked with the flounders' mark : and so greatly 
 negligent have the Court been, that persons altogether unfaithfuU 
 and unskilful have been intrusted to size and scale the Weights, 
 soe that several thousands of Weights have been marked that 
 never were sized or examined. 
 
 We also find that the late Clerk Dickinson hath been 
 guilty of many enormous practices, entering persons bound long 
 before he came to be Clerk, helping to give surreptitious free- 
 
131 
 
 doms, as well of the Citie, as of the said Company, for which 
 he stands indicted, but could not be brought to justice, the 
 Court of Assistants sheltering him. And further we find by 
 their Books, that several of the late Masters have cheated the 
 Company. In 1685 one White made free twenty-one and 
 accounted only for nine : bound forty-one, and accounted for 
 twenty- two. In 1691 one Hemings bound forty-six, and 
 accounted only for fourteen, and several others of the like 
 nature. The same persons that have thus cheated and defrauded 
 the Company are still continued upon the Court of Assistants, &c. 
 
 Further, we find that they have admitted persons of their 
 Livery who were never free of the Citie, restraining some as to 
 the number of their Apprentices, and granting exorbitant liberty 
 to others ; so that one person hath bound ten in ten years, &c. 
 All which abuses of the Company, of the Citie, with the high 
 contempt and insolence offered to this Court, We do with all 
 submission represent for remedy, as this honourable Court in 
 their grave wisdom shall think fitt. 
 Dated this 9*^^ November, 1697. 
 
 Thomas Lane, William Hedges, 
 
 OvsHEN Buckingham, Rig. Levett. 
 " Which report being read, the farther consideration was 
 adjourned 'till Tuesday next, at which time the complaynants* 
 as also the Master and Wardens, and all the Assistants, are to 
 attend with their former Clerk ; to bring with them their Court 
 Books, and all other Books of the Company in their Custody." 
 
 1697 ^th William III. Nov. 30. Rep. Edwin, No. 102, fo. 39. 
 
 Further consideration adjourned. M^- Humphreys to 
 answer whether two persons bound to him, lived with him or 
 served as his Apprentices.'' 
 
 Qth William III. Bee. 14. Rep. Edioin, ISo. 102, fo. 64. 
 
 " All parties now appearing, the report being again read 
 through, and the several frauds and abuses and irregularities 
 
 K 2 
 
132 
 
 being fully proved : It is ordered, That the said Master, Wardens, 
 and Assistants, as alsoe the late Master and Clerk, doe appear 
 the third Court day after Christmas to answer the several 
 charges against them/' 
 
 1698 10th William III. Oct 11. Rep, Edwin, No. 102, fo. 403. 
 
 " This Court resuming the debate of the many abuses and 
 mismanagement of this Company, doth Order that no one shall 
 hereafter be admitted into the freedom of this Citie in the 
 Company of ffounders. And that such persons as have a right 
 to their Freedom by service or patrimony shall be admitted into 
 some other Company, and M'' Chamberlain be hereby enjoyned 
 to observe the same." 
 
 October 24. 
 
 " Mr. Richard Litchfield accepted the Steward's place, and 
 is to pay One Moiety that the Master shall lay out in providing 
 a dinner for the Company against my Lord Mayor's day next." 
 
 November 2. 
 
 That a petition be presented to the Court of Aldermen, 
 humbly desiring them to restore the Company their Books, 
 upon the Court of Assistants promising that they will take 
 care that no misdemeanours shall be committed in the Company 
 as far as lies in their power : And that the Court of Aldermen 
 be moved by Mr. Common Serjeant, or such other Counsell, 
 as the Master shall be advised." 
 
 mh William III. Nov. 10. Rep. Child, No. 103, fo. 7. 
 
 This Court (of Aldermen) being now informed that the 
 Master and Wardens of the Company of ffounders being at 
 last sensible of their many frauds and abuses in their Trade, 
 as well of their contempt and misdemeanour to this Court, are 
 resolved to make their humble submission, and a petition of 
 
133 
 
 several of the Livery and others of the Trade being now 
 presented and read, praying that they be not received ^till the 
 grievances complained of are redressed : Resolved that all 
 parties shall attend this day fortnight/' 
 
 1699 nth William III. July 27. Rep. Child, No. 103, fo. 366. 
 
 This day the Committee (of Aldermen) appointed to 
 examine and settle all differences between the Court of 
 Assistants and the Livery and Yeomanry of the Company of 
 ffounders reported as follows : 
 
 We have heard the matters in difference, and both parties 
 being desirous to put an end to all further debates and contro- 
 versy, were content to submit to such proposals as wee should 
 deem expedient. "Wee therefore, &c., propose that all 
 Bindings and making free shall be done as of antient custom 
 at the Monthly Court, in the presence of the Master, Wardens, 
 and Assistants, and not elsewhere. 
 
 " That such fines as are recognised by antient usage, and by 
 the Bye Laws, and no other shall be taken. 
 
 That all Brass Weights shall be sized according to the 
 Charter, &c., and that honest and able men be deputed for 
 executing that trust, care to be taken that it is faithfully 
 performed. Fees to be taken as by antient usage, &c. 
 
 " That the Accounts be fairly entered in a Booke, and 
 audited at least once in every year. 
 
 That whereas these controversies having occasioned the 
 expense of moneys, five pounds to be paid out of the Public 
 Stock to such persons of the Livery and Yeomanry towards 
 their charges therein expended. 
 
 Which Report being openly read was approved. Ordered, that 
 the Books of the said Company be delivered to the present Master. * ' 
 
 nth William IIL Nov. 14. Rep. Levett, No. 104, fo. 23. 
 
 " That the order of this Court (of Aldermen) made 11 Oct., 
 1698, prohibiting any person to be admitted into the freedom 
 of this City in the Company of ffounders be repealed. 
 
134 
 
 • Money laid out by the Master Delaunay from 17*^ Oct. 
 1698 to the 17^^^ Oct. 1699, for provisions and other things 
 necessary for the use of the Company. 
 
 " Paid for 10 Lcggs of Porke 38/6 ; For Salting 
 
 the Pork 5/4i 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 
 „ for 12 Stone & 7 lb. of Beefe 32/ ; for 
 
 
 
 
 Salting 2/6 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Tumepps & other things my Lord 
 
 
 
 
 
 0 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 „ the Cooke my Lord Mayor's Day . . . 
 
 0 
 
 5 
 
 0 
 
 „ the two Women that worked in the 
 
 
 
 
 
 0 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 „ Mrs. Beaver for her Copper 
 
 0 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 „ for 4 lbs. & a q'^ Tobacco 8/6 ; Barrel of 
 
 
 
 
 Ale my Lord May''^ Day 24/ ... 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Wyne my Lord Mayor's Day . . . 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 0 
 
 „ for 14 Sticks & Ribbons for the Whifflers 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 1699 October 17. 
 
 That the Clerk shall have 4Y for every binding and the 
 half of all the Weight Money. 
 
 " That the Clerk shall have Half a Crown for every ffreedom. 
 The Beadle to have IV for every binding and freedom, but if 
 the Clerk binds any Apprentices out of Court he shall be paid 
 for his extraordinary trouble." 
 
 1700 William III. Feh 27. Rep, Ahney, No. 105, /o. 186. 
 
 Several Members of the Company of ffounders now appear- 
 ing with their Clerke, and informing the Court that James 
 Dickenson, their late Clerke, had by fraud and collusion made 
 Roger Fleming and many others free of this Citty : It is 
 Ordered, That the said Dickenson be at the Citty's charge 
 forthAvith prosecuted effectually for the same." 
 
135 
 
 February 3. 
 
 " The Company being indebted to several persons, the 
 Master M^' Thomas Aylward offered on behalf of his daughter, 
 M}'^ Evans, to advance a further sum of £150, at £5 W Cent., 
 to which the Company agreed, and gave the Company's Bond 
 for that amount, in addition to what was previously due to her. 
 A part of the said amount only being advanced, several of the 
 Creditors complained of their disappointment and trouble, upon 
 which M^' Aylward grew weary and shy of meeting any of the 
 Old Masters ; but the Upper Warden, Clerk, and he, bound 
 and made free of themselves and ordered the Company as they 
 thought fitt, and the Master having done ill himself, as much 
 as in him lay, protected the Clerk in his evil practices, who had 
 very much wronged the Company ; and on Monday, May the 
 5*^, being Quarter-day, declared that Humphries should be 
 Clerk whilst he was Master, and that he would keep no more 
 Courts in his year of Mastershipp. 
 
 Some persons being desirous to be bound and made free, 
 some of the Old Masters consulted together (no Court having 
 been held on the first Monday in June as usual), and sent a 
 letter to the Master, who upon better consideration came to 
 the Hall on the 16*^ June, and promised that for the future he 
 would keep Court according to custom, and desired that the 
 charges against the Clerk should be sent him in writing. And 
 on Midsummer day in a full Court the Clerk was asked what 
 he had to say for himself, and he desired that a Counsellor whom 
 he had brought might be allowed to speak for him. He was 
 answered That there was no man so fit to answer as himself, 
 for that the Court were all tradesmen and he an Attorney at 
 Law. The majority of the Court were for having him answer ; 
 but the Master and Wardens would hear the counsell who was 
 called in, but in short had nothing to say for him, but said that 
 the Clerk should ask all their pardons and promise to be good 
 for the future. All the Members, excepting the Master and 
 Upper Warden, deciding to proceed with the case, the Master 
 
136 
 
 adjourned the Court. Against which illegal proceedings the 
 Members protested, and sought counsel's advice, who informed 
 them that they might turn the Master and Clerk out and choose 
 others ; but considering that Election day was fast approaching, 
 they determined to wait quietly until that time. At which 
 Court there were present the Master, "Wardens, and thirteen 
 Assistants. The usual custom being to nominate an Old Master 
 and a New one, M^' Rogers was named as being next in rotation, 
 and M^ Delaunay was nominated with him, to which the Master 
 objected, and threatened to adjourn the Court if it was persisted 
 in. Upon which an Ancient Member stood up and said ^ So 
 many of you as would have M^ Delaunay to be put in nomina- 
 tion with M^' Rogers hold up your hands.' Upon which thirteen 
 Members held up their hands. Whereupon the Master and 
 Wardens rose up, and withdrew themselves to the King's Head 
 Tavern, but before they went out the same Member desired all 
 that were for M^' Delaunay to remain and confirm their choice, 
 and they accordingly did so. — Whereupon they proceeded to 
 the Election, and appointed Saturday Oct^ 18*^ to be Audit day. 
 John Humphries the Clerk having likewise withdrawn himself, 
 was sent for to do his duty, but refused to come, for which 
 neglect and contempt and for other crimes he was dismissed from 
 his ofiice of Clerk for ever. 
 
 After several conferences with the Master a Court was held 
 at which the Master-Elect M^' Delaunay desired that the Books 
 and Charter should be laid on the Table according to custom, 
 that they might choose Stewards, &c. The Master said the 
 Clerk had them, and being desired to demand them, he declined 
 to do so unless they would Elect Humphries Clerk again. — Upon 
 which Notice was given to the Company's Tenants not to pay 
 any Monies until further orders. 
 
 The same afternoon the Master-Elect summoned the Master 
 and Clerk before the Lord Mayor, but at length they were left 
 to agree among themselves. M^' Aylward refused to deliver up 
 the Books, and declared that he would destroy the Charter. 
 Before they departed it was agreed to hold a Court on the 18*^ 
 
137 
 
 Oct^, and the Master not attending, Roger Fisher was 
 appointed Master for the occasion, and the New Master, 
 Wardens, and Auditors, were sworn in and took their places, 
 and kept Court according to custom.'^ 
 
 1701 October 21. 
 
 " It was unanimously agreed. That we will endeavour to 
 maintain the rights and privileges of our Company, and that if 
 the late Master Thomas Aylward ; Tim. Lee, Tipper Warden ; 
 or John Humphreys, Clerk, or any other by their means shall 
 bring any action, or cause any charge to be brought against 
 any Member of this Company, we hereby promise to defend 
 and keep harmless every such Member at the charge and 
 expense of the Company." 
 
 November 10. 
 
 M^ Thomas Aylward appearing at this Court was desired 
 to sit down and take his place. Upon which he delivered the 
 Key of the Chest to the Master, and delivered his Accounts to 
 the eldest Auditor, and afterwards he sat down. A paper was 
 then shewn to him, drawn up by J. Humphreys reflecting on 
 several Members of the Court, being asked whether it was true 
 or not. M^ Aylward declared that most of it was false." 
 
 1702 Uth William III, March 3. Eep. Gore, No, 106, fo. 176. 
 
 " Whereas frequent complaints having been made of fraudu- 
 lent practices used in the Company of fi'ounders, and particularly 
 in obtaining freedoms for several persons by deceits, It is ordered 
 that they do attend with all their Books, and that the several 
 persons mentioned in the List as having been unduly made free 
 of this City be also summoned to attend this Court upon this 
 day seven-night." 
 
 1st Anne, June 9. Rep. Gore, No, 106, fo, 356. 
 
 That the Books belonging to the Company of ffounders 
 now in the custody of the Town Clerk be forthwith delivered 
 
138 
 
 back to Thomas Aylward, the late Master, upon his giving 
 a receipt for the same.'^ 
 
 Paid for 5 Leggs of Pork, a Sirline and Ribbs of 
 
 JJUUl lUl JJl Udx^ldiot \JLL Illy J_J\J± Ul -LTXd y UJL OJL/Ciy 
 
 £2 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 
 SnfiTit anrl e'fl.vfi a.t tyiv Tjoyd IVTa vor^s Court about 
 
 
 
 
 obliffino* the TV^ardens to nav their f&nes . 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 Snpnt abont obbp'inp* IVT^' Turnftv to como on the 
 
 
 
 
 XJiVUiy ....... 
 
 0 
 
 X J. 
 
 0 
 
 "Pnirl Tnv n TTPcsfiTTi Of "f.Tip /i IVr pn filinf, livnlrp n"np"n 
 
 
 
 
 the Hall 
 
 0 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 Paid for 2 Warr*^ against Aylward and 
 
 
 
 
 Humphreys ...... 
 
 0 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 Paid the Poultry Compter Officers on my Lord 
 
 
 
 
 May^« Day 
 
 3 
 
 1] 
 
 3 
 
 Paid for 2 Summonses to have the Stewards 
 
 
 
 
 before the Lord Mayor .... 
 
 0 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 Paid for Music, 3 Trumpets and a Kettle Drum 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 0 
 
 1702 August 2, 
 
 That for the future every Member of the Company shall 
 pay 12^ W Quarter, in accordance with the Charter and 
 Ordinances. 
 
 " That all Masters and Wardens for the future shall before 
 they be sworn into their respective offices pay down their 
 respective ffines of eight pounds each. 
 
 That every Master before he be sworn into office shall give 
 and sign a Bond and give security to the Company according to 
 custom. 
 
 That every person who shall hereafter be chosen Clerk to 
 this Company shall give a Bond for £200, and security for his 
 good service, and shall also give it under his hand that he will 
 resign his place and quit the Hall within fourteen days if the 
 Court shaU think fitt." 
 
 September 19. 
 
 " That the next and all succeeding Clerks shall receive for 
 his Salary £12 a year ; according to custom 2V6^ for binding 
 
139 
 
 each Apprentice ; for making a Member free ; and shall 
 
 make proof of his good service before he be admitted into the 
 HaU/' 
 
 1702 September 28. 
 
 " Twelve Candidates having applied for the office of Clerk, 
 were reduced to Four by shew of hands. Joshua Hadfield was 
 chosen Clerk.'' 
 
 October 9. 
 
 " The Stewards chosen at the last Court having refused to 
 comply with the orders of this Company to treat the Assistants, 
 Livery and Yeomanry, or to pay their ffines : Ordered that 
 they be summoned before the Lord Mayor to shew their reasons 
 why they refuse/' 
 
 1703 Paid for 21^ Yards of Broad Cloth and for 
 
 Embroidering the Company's Arms upon 
 
 it for y^ stand £9 16 8 " 
 
 February 8. 
 
 " That if any Members of the Company not exceeding Four 
 are willing to come upon the Court of Assistants, and will pay 
 down their money before their admittance, that such Members 
 shall be admitted on the Court of Assistants.'^ 
 
 March 6. 
 
 " That the Members of the Court of Assistants not now 
 present, shall pay the forfeitures for not appearing this day 
 according to the Laws and Ordinances of the Company, and 
 shall not be admitted to sit any more in this Court 'till they 
 shall have paid the same. 
 
 ^' That what Order or Orders shall for the future be made by 
 the Court of Assistants of this Company shall be entered in 
 
140 
 
 the Book of Orders of this Company, and the next Court day 
 be read by the Clerk to the said Court ; which said Order or 
 Orders shall be as binding as if the Assistants had sett their 
 hands to the said Order, as formerly hath been used by them/' 
 
 1703 August 2. 
 
 " Upon reading the Charter in a fall Court, it was fully 
 resolved, That the Court would stand and act by, and fally 
 maintain the Charter and Ordinances of the same, and it being 
 then declared and made appear, that Thomas Aylward, 
 M^' Timothy Lee, and others, had been enemys to the Court — 
 It was Ordered, That they should not be put in nomination for 
 any office for the future.'^ 
 
 September 10, 
 
 " John Humphreys, the late Clerk, this day appeared in 
 Court, and acknowledged his former crimes and misdemeanours, 
 for which he was dismissed their service, and begged the 
 Master, Wardens, and Assistants' pardons. Whereupon it was 
 ordered, That the said Humphreys be discharged out of the 
 Fleet Prison, wherein he now stands charged at the Company's 
 suit, he paying all the fees/' 
 
 September 27. 
 
 " That for the future, such persons as shall be chosen 
 Stewards shall have a Bill of Fare given them of what they 
 are to provide for the Stewards' dinner according to ancient 
 custom, which if the Steward or Stewards shall refuse to accept 
 and provide accordingly, he or they so refusing shall pay Ten 
 pounds as a fine." 
 
 October 7. 
 
 That for the future the whole Court of Assistants shall 
 have a free choice in the Election of a Master. 
 
 This Court having taken into consideration the affairs of 
 the Company, and how easy it is to run into debt, but hard to 
 
141 
 
 get out, and the Company being willing to do what in them 
 lyeth to preserve and maintain not only the Hall, but also all 
 the rights and privileges for the future, One good expedient 
 they think will be to take care that the Company shall not run 
 in debt for the future. They therefore order that if any Master 
 or Wardens, or others, shall lay out or expend (without special 
 order) more moneys than the Company's income will pay, such 
 expense shall not be allowed them, but they shall pay the same 
 out of their own private stock/' 
 
 1703 October 18. 
 
 That if any Member shall presume to speak or give his 
 opinion in Court upon any matter without leave of the Master, 
 or shall interrupt any person or persons of the Assistants 
 speaking, such person so offending shall forfeit six pence to the 
 Poor Box.— Renewed, 18^^^ Oct^ 1708." 
 
 Accounts of Noah Delaunay, Master, from 21st October, 
 1701, to 18th October, 1703 .•— 
 
 " We, the Auditors elected and chosen by the Worshipful 
 Company of Founders, to Audit the Accompts of M^* Noah 
 Delaunay, Master of the said Company, have read and perused 
 the whole accompts, receipts, and disbursements, and doe not 
 only allow and approve the said accompts to be just and reason- 
 able, but doe highly commend his good husbanding, industry, 
 and diligence ; and who, notwithstanding the charge in Law, 
 hath bought a handsome Carpett for the Parlour table, a new 
 Cloth for the Stand in Cheapside, paid off all the Company's 
 old debts, which come to £105 2s. 6c^., andpaid off Underwood's 
 Bond of £23 6^. 9d,, of thirteen years' standing, and left the 
 Company out of debt. 
 
 John White, Thomas Webb, 
 
 Thomas Brown, Richard Nevill." 
 
 1704 Paid to redeem the Company's Staff Head, 
 
 being Pawned by the Beadle . . .£3 5 0 " 
 
142 
 
 1704 September 6. 
 
 That the Whifflers, Music and Trophies, and other usual 
 Ornaments of the Company, be and appear on Thursday next, 
 being Thanksgiving Day, according to the direction of my Lord 
 Mayor's precept. 
 
 That it be left to the Master's discretion what sort and 
 quantity of Wine should be provided for the Stand. 
 
 That a Supper be provided for the Company after their 
 return from the Stand." 
 
 1705 " Paid for a Table Cloth and Embroadring it .£666 
 
 Paid for lengthening the Cloth and Embroadring 
 
 the Company's Armes thereon . .980 
 Paid for 3 doz. and 6 Buckets . . .630 
 Paid for the Beadle's Gown . . . . 5 18 3 
 Beadle & Clerks' Salaries £12 each. '^ 
 
 October 29. 
 
 " The Master reported that he had received from M^ Henry 
 Sherwin for his Steward's fine £4 in money, and for the 
 remaining £6 had taken his bond to be paid at the said 
 Sherwin's return from Jamaica." 
 
 " That the Beadle for the future, after his attendance on 
 the Company, carry the Staff Head and his Gowne to the 
 Hall and deliver them to the Clerk, and that he take care of 
 them, and be accountable for the same." 
 
 March 4. 
 
 " The Complaint against Mr. Drury, one of the Court of 
 Assistants for binding his son apprentice to the Drapers' 
 Company, and for setting him up in trade for himself, having 
 for himself neither served his time, nor been made free, and 
 also for endeavouring to destroy and overturn the Company : 
 Resolved, — that the said Mr. Drury should be removed and 
 dismissed from his office as one of the Court of Assistants." 
 
143 
 
 October 17. 
 
 Wee, whose names are hereunto written, being duly elected 
 and chosen to audit the accounts of Mr. Richard Nevill, Master 
 of the worshipful Company of Founders, from the 19^^ October, 
 1705, to the 17*^ October, 1706, have carefully perused the said 
 accounts, and do not only allow and approve of the same to be 
 a good and true account, but do highly commend and applaud 
 his prudent wisdom and zeale in managing the affairs and busi- 
 ness of the Company, and in discharging the trust reposed in 
 him, to the great advantage of the Company. In having found 
 and brought into the Livery of the Company, three and thirty 
 new Members, some of whose names were not in the Company's 
 books ; and besides, over and above his paying the usual and 
 yearly debt and expenses of the Company, has treated the 
 Company genteelly and respectably, and paid off £200 of their 
 old debt, and also several other debts amounting to £108 6s. 9d, 
 and has paid to the auditors, to be delivered to the next Master, 
 a balance of £39 9 s. lid,; for which great and laudable services 
 we are of opinion, that he not only deserves the thanks of the 
 whole Company, but that his name may be putt up in the public 
 Hall, that so great and good services may not be soon forgotten; 
 and accordingly, we have ordered his name to be putt up in the 
 glass window, between the two parlors. In witness whereof, 
 we have sett our hands, this 17^^ day of October, 1706. 
 
 John White, Samuel Applebury, 
 Noah Delaunay, James Damping." 
 
 " Paid for painting the Master's name in the 
 
 window and putting up the same . . £3 10 0 
 
 August 29. 
 
 That for the future the Auditors shall be four good and 
 able men, whether the same shall be above or below the 
 Chair, instead of the usual custom of choosing two who have 
 served the office of Master and two from below the Chair." 
 
144 
 
 1706 September 23. 
 
 It appearing that Mr. Timothy Ley and others were con- 
 senting and accessory to the carrying away of the Company's 
 Books, &c., to the great prejudice of the Company, Mr. Ley 
 having also scandalously reflected upon several members of the 
 Company when summoned before the Lord Mayor for non- 
 payment of his Quarterage : It was ordered, — that the said 
 Mr. Ley be dismissed from the ofl&ce of one of the Court of 
 Assistants of this Company. 
 
 " It being also alledged that Mr. Downton Bridges was also 
 a party to the carrying away of the Books, Mr. Bridges 
 declared that what he did was not wilfully but innocently : 
 It was ordered, — that the said Mr. Bridges be continued as 
 one of the Assistants, but not to be put in. nomination for 
 Master or any other office.^' 
 
 October 17. 
 
 That for the future the Master of the Company shall not 
 lend the Company's linen, pewter, knives, forks, brass, nor any 
 other thing that is now moveable in the Hall to any person 
 without an, order from this Court." 
 
 February 3. 
 
 " Two members, summoned before the Court for speaking 
 opprobrious words against the Master, Wardens, and the whole 
 Court, submitted themselves to such fine as the Court should 
 lay upon them, — fined 10s. which was paid accordingly.'* 
 
 1707 September 29. 
 
 " Promissory Notes taken for Stewards' Fines." 
 
 1708 May 3. 
 
 " That Mr. Withan be sued for the note under his hand for 
 six pounds for his Livery Fine. 
 
 " That for the future neither the Master nor th^ Wardens 
 
145 
 
 shall carry away any victuals out of the Hall upon any day 
 that the Company treats/' 
 
 1708 May 2d. 
 
 " The Master and Wardens were fined for sitting in Court 
 without their gowns, and paid their fines accordingly.'' 
 
 September 27. 
 
 That the Livery Fine be increased to £8 over and above 
 the seven and sixpence to the Clerk and Beadle. 
 " Fine for not serving the office of Master £10.'^ 
 
 October 18. 
 
 That the Master and Wardens do prosecute such person or 
 persons of the Court of Assistants that have not for several 
 Courts last past given their attendance." 
 
 That for the future the Master shall not provide any 
 Dinner at the Hall upon any of the Quarter-days." 
 
 1709 Aiicjustl. 
 
 " Master's Fine in future to be £12, but if he serves, then 
 only £8 as formerly. Warden's fine to be £10 each, serve 
 or not." 
 
 1710 August 7. 
 
 " That whosoever shall hereafter be chosen Master, shall 
 before he be sworne, give a sufficient person or persons that 
 dwell within the Bills of Mortality (as his security) such 
 as the Court of Assistants shall approve of, and shall fur- 
 nish the names thereof to the Auditors at least six days before 
 Audit-day." 
 
 October 2. 
 
 " Warden's Fine for not serving in future to be £12, 
 £10 only if he serves." 
 
 L 
 
146 
 
 1710 October 11, 
 
 The custody of the gown, staff and hood, be for the future 
 committed to the Beadle/' 
 
 October 16. 
 
 The Stewards to have the use of the Company's linen, 
 pewter, &c., for Lord Mayor's Day, they giving an undertaking 
 to return the same clean, whole, and entire within six days." - 
 
 1714 August 2. 
 
 Three Members of the Court fined 2^ each for departing 
 from the Court without leave." 
 
 1716 September 24. 
 
 That all persons hereafter serving the office of Master 
 shall be excused paying any fine." 
 
 1717 May 6. 
 
 That Mr. Brooks, for opprobrious language in the Court, 
 be fined 20^ according to the Company's Charter, and not to be 
 admitted to sit any more in the Court until such fine be paid." 
 
 August 5. 
 
 " Mr. John Brooks acknowledging his offence, and desiring 
 to be excused, on paying 6^ to the Poor Box : It was ordered 
 accordingly." 
 
 1719 February 1. 
 
 That if any Member of the Court of Assistants discover 
 to any person out of Court any business done, or what was 
 said in Court, be fined at the discretion of the Court. 
 
 That the present, or any succeeding Master, not to expend 
 upon any one Quarter-day (Lord Mayor's Quarter-day only 
 excepted) exceeding seven pounds. 
 
147 
 
 " That the Auditors not to expend upon settling the Audit 
 above the sum of three pounds, and the Audit Dinner to be at 
 the Hall. Ten shillings only to be expended on any one first 
 Monday in the month/' 
 
 1720 October 12. 
 
 " Mr. Newman, Mr. Brooks, and Mr. Meakins, having for 
 some time past neglected to attend the Court : Ordered that 
 their names be struck out of the Court of Assistants.^' 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " That the Auditors be allowed seven pounds to expend in 
 settling the Audit.'' 
 
 1724 October 19. 
 
 That the late Master and Wardens take an Inventory of 
 all the goods and efiects belonging to the Company, and deliver 
 the same to the new Master, and a Copy thereof to be left with 
 the Clerk, who is to furnish every succeeding Master with a 
 true Copy thereof." 
 
 1725 September 27. 
 
 That the Wardens be each fined one shilling for not 
 having the Keys of the Company's Chest." 
 
 1726 August 1. 
 
 That for the future, all such Members of the Court of 
 Assistants that shall come to the Court within one hour after 
 the time mentioned in the Summons, and shall stay and keep 
 Court, shall receive one shilling." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " That the breakfast on Lord Mayor's Day for the Court and 
 Livery be ready at Eleven o'Clock." 
 
 L 2 
 
148 
 
 1727 May 1. 
 
 " That a Committee be appointed to enquire of any persons 
 who shall work of the Founders' Trade, and not having a 
 right to do so, such persons to be sued at the Company's 
 charge.'' 
 
 October 18. 
 
 That for the future the Clerk read the Minutes of the 
 preceding Court, which if agreed to, shall be signed by the 
 Master as an authority for the Clerk to engross them in the 
 Book of Orders by the next Court-day." 
 
 1729 May 6. 
 
 Letter read from Mr. North the Master, stating that he 
 was at present under misfortunes, and unable to make up his 
 accounts, but would endeavour to make them up in a small 
 time, and desired that the Court would cause another person 
 to serve for the remainder of the year. Whereupon it was 
 resolved that Mr. North be dismissed accordingly. 
 
 Ann Story having served Mrs. Ann Kemp seven years 
 was made free." 
 
 June 7. 
 
 " That the Master shall make no entertainment at the Hall 
 for the women, neither any other Master for the future, without 
 an order from the Court.'' 
 
 December 11. 
 
 That the Beadle shall give security by bond with two good 
 persons in the sum of £50." 
 
 Records missing to 2^^ August, 1736, when the Court 
 consisted of Master, Wardens, and twenty-nine Assistants.'' 
 
149 
 
 1736 August 2. 
 
 Eight freemen being thought proper persons to be chosen 
 on the Livery : Ordered, That they be summoned before the 
 Lord Mayor/' 
 
 October 29. 
 
 The Master received Quarterage of twenty-two Assistants 
 and returned the same to them/' 
 
 1739 August 6. 
 
 That the Master employ some person to buy such Weights 
 of the Makers as are not stamped at the Hall according to the 
 Charter, in order to proceed against such Makers." 
 
 1740 February 2. 
 
 " That four persons be taken on the Court of Assistants in 
 order to defray the expenses of the Company. 
 
 That the Clerk write to M^ Dale and M^* Warner to desist 
 exercising the Trade of a Casting Founder. 
 
 1743 January 2. 
 
 The Committee relating to the sealing and sizing of 
 Weights reported that they had prepared a petition to the 
 Parliament on behalf of the Company, and that the said 
 petition had been laid before some of the Gentlemen of the 
 Royal Society and some of the City Members ; Ordered, That 
 the petition be engrossed and sealed with the Company's Seal, 
 and that the Committee prosecute the same as they shall think 
 most proper. 
 
 " That the Master borrow any sum not exceeding £100 
 towards defraying the necessary charges of the above petition.'' 
 
 1744 February 4. 
 
 That a petition be preferred to the Lord Mayor and Court 
 of Aldermen for them to join with this Company in an adver- 
 tisement relating to the making and Sizing of Brass Weights," 
 
150 
 
 1745 February 3. • 
 
 " That the Scale Maker be paid only one guinea a year for 
 cleaning and keeping the Scales in order. Altered to \\ 
 guineas at the next Court/' 
 
 1746 May 5. 
 
 That Six of the Livery be called on the Court of Assistants : 
 paid their Fines of £12 each. The Court at this time consist- 
 ing of twenty-eight persons, besides the Master and Wardens.^' 
 
 October 29. 
 
 " The Searchers chosen on Election day were sworn this day. 
 Ordered, That a Warrant be executed with them according to 
 custom." 
 
 1747 October 19. 
 
 Thomas Foster, a Freeman of the Company, being sued 
 for 11 J Years' Quarterage paid £2 . 2 . 0, and applied to be 
 excused the remainder, and also the Law Charges ; but the 
 Court believing him to be in good circumstances, refused the 
 application.'' 
 
 October 29. 
 
 " M^ Walker, Carpenter, agreed to keep the Stand and Music 
 place in good repair, and to take it down and to put it up once 
 a year on Lord Mayor's day, and keep the Stand in a convenient 
 place, dry, and provide proper servants to attend the Stand when 
 put up, during the term of seven years, at £7 per year." 
 
 1749 May 1. 
 
 That M^ John Watkins having refused to serve as one of 
 the Stewards, shall forfeit the sum of five pounds, and be 
 dismissed from his place of Livery of this Company." 
 
 1750 February 17. 
 
 Resolved to petition the Court of Common Council That 
 from henceforth no person using the Trade of a Founder be 
 
151 
 
 permitted to take up his freedom of this City but in the said 
 Company of Founders ; which petition having been referred to 
 a Committee, the Master and Wardens were examined in 
 support thereof, and having fully proved their case, an Act of 
 Common Council was agreed to and a Bill brought in accord- 
 ingly, 20*^ June, 1750/' 
 
 17^1 August 5. 
 
 " Warden Astley fined 2/- for not appearing in Court in 
 his Livery Grown.'' 
 
 1753 August 3. 
 
 " M^*^ Jacomb, summoned for selling Brass Weights without 
 being first sized at Founders' Hall, and for counterfeiting the 
 Company's Mark, said that the Company might do their worst. 
 Upon which it was Ordered, That M^® Jacomb be prosecuted 
 for her said ofience, proceedings were taken accordingly, and 
 on the 9^^ Feb^" following on her application. It was Ordered, 
 That upon M^'^ Jacomb paying £50 towards the Company's 
 expenses, all further prosecution should be stayed." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 By an Act of Parliament of the 24^^ year of the reign of 
 his present Majesty, George II., it was enacted That the 
 Swearing in of the Lord Mayor, hereto held on the 29^^ 
 October, should be kept and observed on the 9*^ November in 
 every year : It is therefore ordered by this Court, That the 
 Quarterly Court day heretofore held on the 29*^ October shall 
 for the future be held on the said 9^^ day of November." * 
 
 * On the 22nd May, 1751, was passed that remarkable Act for regulating the 
 commencement of the year, and correcting the Calendar agreeable to the Grego- 
 rian computation, which had been long adopted by most other kingdoms. It 
 was, by this Statute, enacted, that the year should for the future begin on the 
 first of J anuary, and that the eleven intermediate or nominal days between the 
 
162 
 
 1755 February 3. 
 
 " That all persons that exercise the trade of a Founder, and 
 free of any other Company, should be invited to become free 
 of this Company, as Love Brothers ; and that the Master and 
 Wardens, for the time being, shall be at liberty to make such 
 persons free without any fee or expense from them, except two 
 shilHngs for the King's duty ; such persons not to be called on 
 any oflB.ce of this Company.'' 
 
 1756 August 2. 
 
 The Hall keeper of Guildhall being paid half the money 
 that is received for sealing the weights, it is ordered that s 
 demand be made in future of his quota, towards the expenses 
 of files, stamps, scales, &c." 
 
 September 27. 
 
 " A list of fees was settled and allowed of; three copies 
 thereof to be put up in such places in the Hall as the Master 
 and Wardens shall direct." 
 
 1757 September 26. 
 
 Mr. Robert Goadby applied to be translated from this 
 Company to the Stationers' Company, which was agreed to, on 
 his paying a fine of £20, in addition to the Clerk and Beadle's 
 fees, and his quarterage, all which he paid accordingly." 
 
 2nd and 14tli September, 1752, should, for that year, be omitted; so that the 
 day which, would otherwise have been called the 3rd September, was dated the 
 14th. By this correction, the Equinoxes and Solstices happen nearly on the 
 same nominal days on which they fell at the Council of Nice, in the year 325. 
 This Act was modelled with great skiU and learning by the Earl of Macclesfield, 
 and was productive of great utility ; for, besides the computation being more 
 correct than the former style, the correspondence between English merchants and 
 those of foreign countries was much facilitated, mistakes in business were 
 removed, and errors in chronology obviated. — Harrison's London, p. 389. 
 
153 
 
 1758 Fehmary 6. 
 
 " That for the future the pensioners be paid out of the poor's 
 money, and not out of the Company's money, and that they be 
 widows of Liverymen, and no other be admitted for the future." 
 
 May 1. 
 
 The Clerk reported that he had attended the Committee 
 of the House of Commons, touching the sizing and marking of 
 brass weights, with a copy of the Company's Charter, Bye 
 Laws, &c/' 
 
 October 18. 
 
 That every Master's security bond be made in the penalty 
 of £100." 
 
 1762 May 3. 
 
 " That Mr. Dance, the City Surveyor, be paid £3 3s. for 
 the ground for the stand, last Lord Mayor's Day." 
 
 1763 May 2. 
 
 That such journeymen and porters who are free of this 
 Company, shall for the future have their quarterage mitigated 
 to two shillings per year, instead of four shillings. 
 
 ^' A weight made of lead and covered with brass was brought 
 to be sealed. The Court apprehending that such weights could 
 not properly be called brass weights, and were an imposition on 
 the public ; resolved, that such weights should not be sealed." 
 
 1764 February 9. 
 
 " That all Members of the Court residing beyond the distance 
 of a twelve-penny stage coach fare, be excused attendance on 
 Court days. 
 
 That for the future there be no breakfast on Lord Mayor's 
 day, except when the Company goes to the stand. 
 
 Court — Master, Wardens, and thirty-five Assistants." 
 
154 
 
 1764 May 7. 
 
 " That the Company be paid for the future £2 12s. 6d for 
 the use of the Court room and parlour, for every funeral/^ 
 
 November 9. 
 
 An apprentice having applied for his freedom, his master 
 objected that he had not served him faithfully, having refused 
 to work longer than from six o'clock in the morning until eight 
 o'clock in the evening; whereas, he ought to have worked until 
 nine o'clock. The Court were of opinion that the usual hours 
 were from six to eight o'clock, and admitted him to his 
 freedom." 
 
 1765 -^P^i^ 1- 
 
 " The two late Beadles of the Company having been paid a 
 yearly salary of £6, for what it appears they never did anything, 
 they charging in their bills for every thing they did. It was 
 ordered, that for the future the Beadle should deliver all 
 summonses, and attend upon all occasions as Beadle of the 
 Company. 
 
 That the allowance of ten shillings a year for winding the 
 clock be discontinued, the Beadle living in the Hall, and having 
 the benefit thereof, ought to do it without making any charge 
 for so doing. 
 
 " That the Beadle be allowed yearly for washing the linen, 
 £1 10s., and no more, which we think is very sufficient for that 
 purpose. 
 
 " That the Beadle shall be allowed yearly for cleaning the 
 knives, forks, and brasses, £1 10s., and no more, and fifteen 
 shillings for scouring and cleaning the pewter. That ten 
 shillings and sixpence be allowed yearly for chairwomen, for 
 cleaning the Hall and other places. That one shilhng and 
 sixpence per annum be allowed for sawdust, oil, and trimming 
 the lamps. One shilling yearly for porters. That the Beadle 
 be paid for sizing the weights, one shilling per gross, as at 
 
155 
 
 present, and also for collecting the quarterage ; that the fees 
 remain as at present, and that he shall have lodging and rooms 
 in the Hall ; and we are of opinion that upon a moderate 
 calculation, the Beadle's place of this Company, according to 
 the above allowances, will be upwards of £60 per annum/' 
 
 1766 May 5. 
 
 That the pensioners be paid five shillings and threepence 
 per quarter, instead of three shillings and fourpence per 
 quarter*" 
 
 1767 August 3. 
 
 " Mr. Samuel Smith applied to be discharged from this 
 Company, and to be translated to the Fishmongers' Company, 
 which was agreed to, Mr. Smith paying a fine of £24." 
 
 November 9. 
 
 " The Master acquainted the Court that he and the Wardens, 
 and three other senior Members of the Court of Assistants 
 attended and consented to the translation of Mr. Samuel Smith 
 to the Fishmongers' Company. 
 
 Mr. Edward Warner, Citizen and Draper of London, but 
 exercising the trade of a Founder, desired to be admitted a 
 Love Brother of this Company, which was granted, on his 
 paying a fine of one guinea to the Company, and the Clerk's 
 and Beadle's fees, which he did, and was sworn and admitted 
 accordingly." 
 
 1769 February 6. 
 
 That the Charter be read yearly to the Court of Assistants, 
 on the first Monday in May." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " Mr. William Phillips being chosen Beadle, resigned his 
 office as one of the Court of Assistants." 
 
156 
 
 1771 February 4. 
 
 " A printed copy of the abstract of the Act of Common 
 Council, for regulating the Company of Founders, be sent to 
 each Member of the Company, and all other persons exercising 
 the trade of a Founder.'^ 
 
 May 6. 
 
 " That the Clerk's salary be £20, with the usual fees." 
 
 1772 3Iay 4. 
 
 Mr. Lotall applied to have the fine which he paid on being 
 made free of this Company returned to him, he being by trade 
 a Clockmaker, and the Chamberlain refusing to make him free 
 of any other Company than the Clockmakers', the said Company 
 having an Act of Common Council for that purpose. Ordered, 
 that the said fine be returned, and the Clerk and Beadle at the 
 same time returned their fees.'^ 
 
 1773 February 1. 
 
 Upon the petition of the Beadle, it was ordered, that the 
 annual sum of £8 8s. be tacked to his salary." 
 
 May 3. 
 
 " Mr. John Cole, who was, on the 9*^ November last admitted 
 in the Livery of this Company, attended this day at the 
 Company's Hall, and a message being sent from him, by the 
 Beadle of this Company, to the Court, then and there sitting, 
 that the said Mr. Cole requested this Court that he might be 
 cloathed in his Livery Gown and Hood in open Court, appre- 
 hending that he was not regularly a Liveryman without such 
 ceremony, and that he might, when cloathed, be received and 
 acknowledged as a Liveryman of this Company. Whereupon, 
 it was ordered accordingly, and Mr. Warden Holmes and 
 Mr. Warden Trent quitted their seats and went without the 
 folding doors of the Hall, where Mr. Cole was waiting, and a 
 
157 
 
 Livery Gown and Hood was given into the hands of the said 
 Mr. Holmes and Mr. Trent, Mr. Holmes taking in his right 
 hand, the right hand sleeve of such Gown, and Mr. Trent 
 taking the left of the said Gown in his hand, when Mr. Holmes 
 introduced the right arm of said Mr. Cole into the right hand 
 sleeve of the said Gown, and Mr. Trent then introducing the 
 left into the left arm sleeve of the aforesaid Gown ; Mr. Cole 
 being thus gowned, Mr. Holmes proceeded to put on a Hood 
 belonging to the said Gown, on the head of the said Mr. Cole, 
 which he did. Mr. Cole being thus gowned and hooded, 
 Mr. Holmes came into open Court, and informed this Company 
 thereof, and enquired whether they were ready to receive 
 Mr. Cole, which was answered in the affirmative. Silence 
 being immediately commanded, the folding doors ordered to be 
 opened wide, and Mr. Cole was desired to come into the Court 
 Room. Whereupon, the said doors were opened accordingly, 
 and the Beadle of this Company having on his Gown, and the 
 Company's staff in his right hand, came forward int othe Court 
 Room, Mr. Cole following (being the centre) having Mr. Holmes 
 on his right hand, and Mr. Trent on his left, was by them 
 introduced to the Master and the Court of Assistants, the said 
 Mr. Holmes informing the Court of Mr. Cole's request ; where- 
 upon, the Master rising from his chair, and the rest of the 
 Court from their seats, the Master with his right hand, taking 
 the right hand of the said Mr. Cole therein, and holding the 
 same, with an audible voice expressed the words following, 
 viz. — ' Gentlemen, I pronounce Brother Cole a Liveryman of 
 this Company ; ' whereupon, the rest of the Court taking 
 Mr. Cole by the right hand, and shaking the same, acknow- 
 ledged and received him as such, the Master at the same time 
 inviting Mr. Cole to dine with the Company this day, which 
 Mr. Cole very genteely excused himself from, alledging that he 
 was engaged in parish business or he should gladly have 
 accepted the invitation. Mr. Cole then bowing respectfully to the 
 Court, took his leave of them very politely, and gave two shilKngs 
 and sixpence to the Beadle, and the like sum to the poor box." 
 
158 
 
 1773 November 9. 
 
 A freeman attended to bind an apprentice, but, being 
 greatly in arrears of his quarterage, it was ordered, that the 
 whole arrears should be paid before such apprentice should be 
 bound to him. 
 
 " That the Beadle be permitted to size and mark the 
 following weights, viz. — one guinea, half guinea, and quarter 
 guinea ; that the price for sizing such weights should be six- 
 pence per dozen." 
 
 1774 May 19. 
 
 The Clerk reported that a Bill had been introduced into 
 the House of Commons, for regulating the weights of the gold 
 and silver coinage of the realm, and which would entirely take 
 away the rights and privileges of the Company; conferences 
 had been held with the City members, and a clause introduced 
 into the Bill, protecting the rights and interests of the 
 Company.'' 0 
 
 November 9. 
 
 The Charter was this day read to the Court and Livery, 
 in pursuance of notice given for that purpose. 
 
 " Mr. James Sims refusing to take upon himself the office of 
 steward, ordered, that the said J ames Sims should be proceeded 
 against at law, for such refusal and contempt." 
 
 1775 November 9. 
 
 " That the sum of twenty guineas be given for the use of 
 the soldiers employed in His Majesty's service in America, and 
 for the relief of the widows and orphans of such men as have 
 fallen in defending the constitutional government of this 
 country." 
 
 1776 March 8. 
 
 The Clerk reported the occasion of the nonsuit obtained 
 by John Sims against this Company, that there was no evidence 
 
159 
 
 to ascertain the making of the bye law on which the Company 
 prosecuted him, and that the only way to punish the defendant 
 was to procure a new set of bye laws forthwith. 
 
 Paid the Clerk in the cause, Founders' Company against 
 Mr. Sims, including charges of the defendant's attorney, as 
 taxed, £96 17s, bdr 
 
 1777 February 17. 
 
 " The Clerk read the draft of a new set of bye laws, as 
 settled by Counsel : — 
 
 First. — That every Member having served or fined for 
 Under Warden, being called on the Court, should be admitted 
 without paying any fine. But if called on the Court without 
 having so fined or served, that then he should pay the sum of 
 £10 for his Assistant's fine, and then such Member should be 
 chosen Under Warden. 
 
 Second. — That no Court of Assistants shall and may con- 
 sist of less than nine Members, whereof the Master and one 
 of the Wardens to be two. 
 
 " Third. — That two Stewards only shall be elected for provi- 
 ding a dinner for this Company annually on Lord Mayor's day, 
 as directed by the ordinances. 
 
 " Fourth. — That if the Court shall think proper, at any 
 time to dismiss any Member for improper conduct, or disobe- 
 dience to the rules and ordinances of the Company, the same 
 shall be carried by a majority of two-thirds of the Members 
 present at three several Courts of Assistants. 
 
 Ordered, that the opinion of Counsel be taken as to the 
 Company's being restrained to the number of fifteen Assistants, 
 and no more, this Company being of opinion, they were, by 
 the words of the Charter, confined to have not less than fifteen 
 Assistants ; but not that they were confined to that number, 
 and no more.'' 
 
 May 5. 
 
 " That at every election of Clerk to this Company (which 
 should be by ballot) the candidates should not be reduced to 
 
160 
 
 any smaller number, and that any Member of tlie Court absent 
 on such occasion, should be allowed to send his deputation to 
 the Master/' 
 
 1777 2. 
 
 ^^At a meeting of the Master, Wardens, Assistants, and 
 Commonalty of the Company : present, the Master, two 
 Wardens, twelve Assistants, twenty-nine Livery, fifty-nine 
 Commonalty ; the Master stated that the meeting was for the 
 purpose of making and agreeing to certain new Bye Laws. 
 The Company's agent was then ordered to read over the 
 Company's Charter, their ancient Bye Laws, and the draft of 
 the intended Bye Laws, which he accordingly did. 
 
 Resolved, that the draft of the intended Bye Laws be left 
 at the Hall, for the inspection of every Member of the Company, 
 for the space of three months." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 That the Charter of this Company be read in the Hall on 
 Lord Mayor's day next, at one o'clock, and that a N.B. for 
 that purpose be inserted at the bottom of the summons for that 
 day.^' 
 
 1778 February 2. 
 
 " That the standard weights, for the coinage of silver, be 
 procured for the use of the Company." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " By direction of the Court, the new Master gave Mr. John 
 Cole, the late Master, a note for £77 13^. 9^/., being the balance 
 due to him from this Corporation. 
 
 That the Master have liberty, at every quarterly Court or 
 election day, to invite two friends to dinner, and that each of 
 the Wardens have liberty to introduce one ; and that in case 
 any other Member of this Court shall invite a friend, that he 
 shall pay for every such friend the sum of five shillings." 
 
161 
 
 1779 May 4. 
 
 ^' At a Court of Master, AVardens, Assistants, and Common- 
 alty : present, the Master, Wardens, eleven Assistants, and 
 twenty-nine Liverymen; the new Bye Laws, as settled by 
 Counsel, were read, and unanimously agreed to." 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " That £500 in the reduced three per cent. Bank Annuities 
 be sold out, to pay Mr. John Jenkin, the late Master, the 
 balance due to him. Sold at £60| per cent. 
 
 " That Mr. Charles Delwave be appointed to take care of 
 the Company^s scales, &c., in the room of Mr. Read, and that 
 he be allowed £2 lOs. per annum." 
 
 1780 Odoher 18. 
 
 That the Clerk wait upon Mr. B. Smith (one of the Court 
 of Assistants) for the quarterage due from him to the Company, 
 and also acquaint him of the difficulty of making a Court for 
 the transaction of the business of the said Company, and 
 therefore request the favour of his resignation of the said 
 office." 
 
 November 9. 
 
 " That the six Ushers be allowed two shillings and sixpence 
 each for their attendance, instead of being supplied with 
 ribbons, as usual.'* 
 
 1781 October 18. 
 
 " That the journeymen who are not upon the Livery (on 
 account of their ill behaviour, particularly on last Lord Mayor's 
 day) be not admitted into the Hall on Lord Mayor's day next." 
 
 1782 Februanj 4. 
 
 " That the Clerk pay the R*- Hon. Lord Loughborough, 
 Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, his fee, for looking 
 over and settling the draft of the intended Bye Laws." 
 
 M 
 
162 
 
 1782 August 6. 
 
 Jolin Mullins and Thomas Boston, who were summoned 
 for the Livery, and not attending; ordered, that the Clerk 
 acquaint them that unless they take up their Livery at the 
 next Court, that he has orders to proceed against tl^em.'' 
 
 September 23. 
 
 Mr. George Cooke, who was elected Master for the year 
 ensuing, desired to be admitted to fine for the said office, as he 
 resided in the country (Lincoln), which being granted, he paid 
 the sum of £12, 7s. 6d, for that purpose/' 
 
 1783 February 3. 
 
 " The new set of Bye Laws, as settled by Lord Mansfield 
 and Lord Loughborough, were signed by all the Members 
 present." 
 
 1785 February 7. 
 
 The Clerk laid before the Court the several bills due from 
 the Company, and desired to know what methods should be 
 taken to discharge the same : ordered, that Mr. Thomas King 
 (the Clerk) be desired to advance to this Company the sum of 
 £200, and that he be allowed £5 per cent, interest thereon, 
 and that he do forthwith discharge all the bills.'' 
 
 May 2. 
 
 Sixteen persons summoned to take up their Livery." 
 October 31. 
 
 That Mr. Lewis, of the New London Tavern, Cheapside, 
 provide a dinner for seventy of the Livery, on the 9*^ November 
 next (being Lord Mayor's day) and that he be allowed for the 
 same, four shillings per head (including strong beer, bread, 
 butter, cheese, &c.) and that dinner be upon the table at two 
 o'clock precisely." 
 
163 
 
 1787 November 5. 
 
 That Mr. Lewis (as above) provide, &c., for seventy of the 
 Livery, at four shillings per head (including strong beer, ale, 
 bread, butter, cheese, and lemons) and one shilling each for 
 supper ; dinner at half-past two precisely.'' 
 
 1788 November 10. 
 
 " That the Master and Wardens attend the Court in their 
 Livery Gowns, or forfeit two shillings and sixpence to the 
 poor's box." 
 
 1790 February 1. 
 
 " That the Beadle's salary be £15 per annum, and not be 
 permitted to work out as a journeyman." 
 
 August 2. 
 
 " That the Beadle be allowed one chaldron of coals yearly, 
 and also three dozen of candles. 
 
 " William Borradaile was elected a Member of the Court of 
 Assistants, in the room of William Kinman, a bankrupt. 
 
 " That letters be written to Benjamin Smith, Esq., of the 
 Isle of Wight, and Mr. George Cooke, of Lincoln, acquainting 
 them of the difficulty the Company are often put to in making 
 a Court for transacting the business of the Company, on account 
 of their absence from London, and to know if it would be 
 agreeable to them to resign their places as Members of the 
 Court." 
 
 1792 February 6. 
 
 " That in future, the senior of the Court take the chair in 
 the absence of the Master.'' 
 
 September 24. 
 
 " That it be recommended to the Master and Wardens not 
 to put the Company to the expense of a dinner, at the monthly 
 Courts. 
 
 M 2 
 
164 
 
 That the Master be at liberty to invite, to the quarterly 
 dinner, one friend, as also his security. The Wardens, one 
 friend each, and that, if any person be introduced by any other 
 Members of the Court, that he shall forfeit one guinea to the 
 poor's box. 
 
 That on Lord Mayor's day, the Livery be called over, and 
 each Member take their place according to seniority. That at 
 this dinner the Master be at liberty to invite three friends, 
 including his security. The Wardens two each, the Stewards 
 one each, and that the Livery be not, on any account whatso- 
 ever, permitted to bring any person with them." 
 
 1793 October 18. 
 
 " That for the future no tea or coffee be introduced into the 
 room where the Company dine, but that such gentlemen who 
 choose to drink tea or coffee, have the same in another room.'' 
 
 1794 November 3. 
 
 " That Mr. Griffiths, of the Horns Tavern, Doctors' Commons, 
 provide a dinner for eighty of the Livery, on Lord Mayor's day, 
 at four shillings and sixpence per head, and one shilling for 
 supper. Dinner at three o'clock." 
 
 1795 February 3. 
 
 ^^'That no quarterly or other dinner be paid by the Company." 
 
 September 29. 
 
 There not being sufficient Members present to form a Court, 
 the election of Master, &c., be postponed to October the 5^^." 
 
 October 5. 
 
 " Neither Master nor Wardens present." 
 November 2. 
 
 " That on account of the high price of provisions, the annual 
 dinner, usual on Lord Mayor's day, be omitted. 
 
165 
 
 On mature consideration of the Company's affairs, it was 
 ordered, that there be no quarterly nor other dinner in the next 
 year at the Company's expense." 
 
 1796 September 26. 
 
 That as two stewards, properly enabled to serve the office, 
 cannot be immediately fixed upon, the annual dinner, on Lord 
 Mayor's day, be omitted." 
 
 1798 February 19. 
 
 " Moved, that the subscription now opened for the defence 
 of the country be taken into consideration. Resolved, that it 
 be taken into consideration at the next Court ; at which there 
 being not sufficient Members present to make a Court, it was 
 agreed to meet again on the following Monday, and that the 
 Court should dine at the Horns Tavern^ Doctors' Commons, at 
 three o'clock." 
 
 1799 April 1. 
 
 " That the Company's income be estimated at £120, and 
 that a return of that sum be made to the Commissioners." 
 
 1800 October 18. 
 
 " That there be no dinner for either the Court or Livery on 
 Lord Mayor's Day next, owing to the very high price of pro- 
 visions." 
 
 November 9. 
 
 " Upon the petition of the Beadle, it was ordered, that in 
 future the Beadle be allowed one shilling and sixpence per 
 dozen for adjusting and sizing the quarter and half-hundred 
 Weights." 
 
 1804 August 6. 
 
 ^'At this Court, ten freemen, who had been summoned, 
 attended, and took up their Livery." 
 
166 
 
 1805 February 4. 
 
 That each Member of the Court who keeps a residence in 
 town, shall forfeit the sum of two shillings and sixpence, for 
 every non-attendance in time, at a quarterly Court." 
 
 1806 February 6. 
 
 The Court took into consideration the propriety of disposing 
 of the Plate for the use of the poor. Resolved, that the 
 Master and Wardens, assisted by the Clerk, do search the 
 books, to learn what entries are made therein relative to the 
 said Plate, and report to the next Court.^' 
 
 May 5. 
 
 " Report that they had searched the books, and were not 
 able to find any entries relating to the Three Silver Tankards,* 
 but found that the Spoons were purchased by the Company ; 
 and also, that one or two of the books belonging to the Company 
 were missing. Question adjourned." 
 
 1807 August 3. 
 
 " Indenture from the Exchequer relative to the Weights, 
 acknowledging the receipt of certain standard Weights, sized 
 and sealed by His Majesty's standard Weights, remaining in 
 the Exchequer.'^ 
 
 September 26. 
 
 F. J. Bouchet having been summoned to take up his 
 Livery, threw the summons at the Beadle, and behaved with 
 great indecency and insolence to the Court. Ordered, that he 
 be served with an action to compel him to do so." 
 
 December 22. 
 
 " F. J. Bouchet attended, and stating his inability to take up 
 his Livery, prayed that the proceedings might be stayed, upon 
 his paying the costs, which was agreed to." 
 
 * See Benefactions. 
 
167 
 
 1811 Fehruanj 4. 
 
 " The Master acquainted the Court that several persons were 
 in the habit of stamping their own Weights, and neglected to 
 bring them to the Hall for that purpose. Resolved, that the 
 Charter and Bye Laws be delivered to Mr. Gatty, Attorney-at- 
 Law, to consider the best method to proceed thereon. 
 
 " The petition of the freemen journe}anen Brass Founders 
 was read, complaining that many persons were employed by 
 Masters in the trade, who never served any apprenticeship 
 thereto, and that they had applied to shops where they could 
 not get employ ; and upon examination it appeared that fre- 
 quently there were not free journeymen sufficient to supply the 
 trade. Consideration postponed." 
 
 1813 Octoher 18. 
 
 " That the Court do not meet on Lord Mayor's Day next.'' 
 
 1814 February 7. 
 
 " Drafts of two letters, relative to the making and adjusting 
 of Brass Weights, and their being neglected to be brought to 
 the Hall to be marked, were read and approved.'^ 
 
 December 12. 
 
 Sarah Bruce, widow of late Beadle, allowed ten guineas 
 per annum, during pleasure. Continued until her death, July, 
 1854.'' 
 
 1815 September 28. 
 
 " That the order of the 4th February, 1805, relative to 
 forfeitures to the Poor's Box, be extended to all General Courts, 
 and that Members who attend in time be allowed five shillings 
 each for coach hire." 
 
168 
 
 1822 August 5. 
 
 That in future, the cash belonging to this Company be 
 kept at Messrs. Ladbroke and Co., Bankers, in the name of 
 the Company, and that the Master, for the time being, be 
 empowered to draw for the same, as required/^ 
 
 1824 Sej^tember 6. 
 
 " That Charles HoUier be appointed Clerk in the room of 
 "William Bond, Esq., deceased. Ordered, that the freedom of 
 the Company be presented to the said Charles Hollier.'^ 
 
 September 17. * 
 
 List of Liyery ordered to be printed. 
 " That the expense of printing and delivering letters for 
 promoting the election of Mr. William Gillman to the vacant 
 situation of Bridge Master, be paid by the Court.^^ 
 
 1825 May 2. 
 
 " That each Member of the Court have the privilege of 
 inviting a friend to the Court dinners twice in each year. This 
 order renewed 6th February, 1827. 
 
 " That Mr. W. Borradaile, of King's Arms Yard, Solicitor, 
 be appointed Assistant Clerk to the Company for the remainder 
 of this year.'' 
 
 August 1. 
 
 " Several persons who had been summoned to take up their 
 Livery, failing to attend, it was ordered, that they should be 
 summoned peremptorily to attend at the next quarterly Court 
 ior t.^at purpose. 
 
 That Mr. Barnes, Mr. Thornhill, Mr. Hornsby, and 
 Mr. Mayor, be requested to relinquish their office as Members 
 of the Court of Assistants, as by their non-attendance, there 
 
169 
 
 was great diifficulty to procure a full Court, and the business of 
 the Company greatly impeded. 
 
 " That in future the fees, on all bindings, be as follows : — 
 Stamps, £2, 2s. 6d. ; Orphan Fund, 2s. 6d. ; Company, £1, Is. ; 
 Clerk, 5s. Od. ; Beadle, 2s. Gd. : £3, 13s. 6d.'' 
 
 1825 September 6. 
 
 Notice given of the death of the Clerk, Mr. HoUier. 
 " Committee appointed to superintend the alteration of the 
 mark of the different Weights, and to do therein as they may 
 deem expedient.''' 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " That the salary of the Clerk be increased from £20 to £40 
 per annum. 
 
 That the Livery of the Company be invited to dine with 
 the Court of Assistants on Lord Mayor's day." 
 
 December 5. 
 
 " A warrant from the Court of Exchequer, authorising the 
 Company to use the Weights under the Act IV. George lY., 
 was ordered to be deposited in the iron chest." 
 
 December 13. 
 
 " Report of the Committee, authorising a new scale of 
 charges for stamping Brass Weights, was unanimously agreed to. 
 
 " It was also agreed, that a new set of Punches be made, 
 and that the one ounce Weight have the letter A placed thereon, 
 and that 1826, in figures, be placed at the side of the ewer, as 
 follows : — 18 on one side and 26 on the other, on all Weights 
 commencing with one ounce and upwards ; and that all below 
 the ounce be marked with the ewer as heretofore." 
 
170 
 
 1825 December 22. 
 
 " That the money received in the Poor's Box be made up by 
 the Master out of the funds in his hands, to make the sum of 
 £2 each for the ten poor women who have applied for their 
 pension/' 
 
 1826 Ma^/ 1. 
 
 " The petition of the Company of Tobacco Pipe Makers was 
 read. Resolved, that a letter be written, declining to render 
 them any assistance. 
 
 That the Beadle be allowed £1 per week, in lieu of his 
 former allowance of one shilling per dozen. 
 
 That the Livery fine be £16, 15s., in lieu of the former fine 
 of £8. 
 
 That the fine of freedom by purchase be £2 10s., and that 
 the fine by service or patrimony be £1 12s. 6d. That the 
 following be the fees : — 
 
 Redemption 
 Stamp . . 
 Clerk. . . 
 Beadle . . 
 
 10 
 0 
 5 
 2 
 
 d. 
 
 0 
 0 
 0 
 6 
 
 £5 17 6 
 
 Servitude or ) 
 Patrimony ) 
 
 Stamp . . 
 
 Clerk. . . 
 
 Beadle . . 
 
 £ 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 0 
 0 
 
 12 
 
 0 
 5 
 2 
 
 d. 
 
 6 
 
 0 
 0 
 6 
 
 £3 0 0 
 
 That the fine on the election of Upper or Under Warden 
 be £15, in the lieu of the former fine of £10. 
 
 That the fine paid on the election of a Member of the 
 Court of Assistants be £15, in lieu of the former fine of £10.'' 
 
 1828 April 3. 
 
 That no Member who may attend at any Court, convened 
 by the Master, after one o'clock, shall receive the usual sum of 
 five shiUings ; and that all Members of the Court who arrive 
 
171 
 
 after that time, or are absent throughout the Meeting, be fined 
 two shillings and sixpence each." 
 
 1828 Ma^/ 1. 
 
 That the Clerk write to Mr. Mayor and Mr. Joseph Warner, 
 requesting them to resign, if not able to attend the usual 
 Meetings of the Company. 
 
 June 5. 
 
 In pursuance of a requisition from the Lord Mayor, the 
 Beadle was ordered to attend at the door of the Guildhall, on 
 Tuesday, the 24th instant, at ten of the clock in the forenoon. 
 
 Moved by Mr. James Burrows, Upper "Warden, seconded 
 by Mr. John Williams, Under Warden, and resolved unani- 
 mously, that all transactions relating to the Company that shall 
 take place at every monthly or quarterly Court, shall be recorded 
 on the minutes. 
 
 " Moved and seconded by the same parties, and resolved 
 unanimously, that all business relating to the Company shall 
 be transacted at the Court, and not elsewhere. 
 
 That an iron chest be purchased for the use of the Company, 
 to be kept in the room where the Court do meet ; also two keys, 
 one to be in the custody of the Master, the other of the Clerk 
 for the time being ; and that the books shall be kept there 
 always, and never removed from the Court.'' 
 
 September 19. 
 
 " Meeting, to examine and arrange the books and records^ 
 &c., of the Company, on account of many of them being much 
 neglected and exposed. 
 
 " That an inventory of the property of the Company be 
 inserted in a book, kept for that purpose.'' 
 
172 
 
 1829 May 21. 
 
 That one guinea be charged for turning over an apprentice, 
 viz. — thirteen shillings and sixpence to the Company, and seven 
 shillings and sixpence to Clerk and Beadle. 
 
 " That every person who brings a person to take up his free- 
 dom, shall be entitled to one guinea.'^ 
 
 September 24. 
 
 " That the thanks of this Court be given to Mr. Thomas 
 Mears, the ex-Master, for his very great exertions, liberal con- 
 duct, and indefatigable labor, in promoting the best interests of 
 the Company, and instituting a subscription, by which a 
 charitable fund has been established for the relief of the poor 
 of this Company.^^ * 
 
 DQcember 3. 
 
 " That the Court do in future appoint the house where they 
 are to dine at their Quarterly and Livery Dinners, and that 
 they do continue to dine at the Albion^ as long as the Court 
 approve of their treatment.^^ 
 
 December 22. 
 
 " Th at at the Quarterly and Livery Dinners of this Company 
 the Members of the Court do take precedence at the table, to 
 the right and left of the Master and Wardens, according to the 
 seniority of their election on the Court, and that each Member 
 of the Court introducing a friend, that friend be placed next 
 immediately above such friend introducing him (except as to 
 the Wardens). 
 
 That the Beadle of the Company do attend in his Livery 
 Gown, as used to be the custom, at such dinners, sufficiently early 
 to receive the tickets and names of all visitors, and make a list 
 of them for the information of the Master, and to put a ticket. 
 
 * See Charitable Fund. 
 
173 
 
 "witli the name of each and every gentleman intending to dine, 
 into the plate where he is to sit, so that on entering the dining- 
 room, he will immediately know where his station is, according 
 to the following plan : — 
 
 Warden, 
 Master's Friend, 
 Warden's Friend, 
 Senior Member's Friend, 
 Senior Member, 
 Tliird Senior Member's Friend, 
 Third Senior, 
 Fifth Senior's Friend, 
 Fifth Senior, &c., &c. 
 
 Master, 
 
 Under Warden, 
 Master's Friend, 
 Under Warden's Friend, 
 Second Senior's Friend, 
 Second Senior, 
 Fourth Senior's Friend, 
 Fourth Senior, 
 Sixth Senior's Friend, 
 Sixth Senior, &c., &c. 
 
 1830 May 6. 
 
 " That in future, should it be requisite to elect any gentleman 
 on the Court, who has not served the offices of Under and Upper 
 Warden, before he can take his seat as a Member of the Court, 
 he must pay the fines attached to those offices, as well as the 
 fine for coming on the Court; such gentlemen to be entitled to 
 the same privileges as if they had served the offices." 
 
 August 5. 
 
 " Mr. John Moxon elected on the Court, and paid the fines 
 for Under and Upper Warden and Assistant : total, £46, 2s. Qd'^ 
 
 September 24. 
 
 " Members of the Court to be allowed to introduce one or 
 more friends to each dinner of the Company, by consent of the 
 
174 
 
 Master, on payment of one guinea for every friend so invited. 
 
 That Mr. Pontifex, of Kentish Town, be summoned to the 
 Court of Requests, for quarterage.' ' 
 
 1830 October 18. 
 
 That Mr. Frederick Thornhill be summoned to the Court 
 of Requests for his quarterage.^' 
 
 December 22. 
 
 " The Clerk reported that he had summoned Mr. Pontifex 
 to the Kingsgate Court of Requests, when the Court required 
 the production of the original Charter. The summons had 
 therefore been waived for the authority of this Court. 
 
 " The Clerk also reported that he had summoned Mr. Thornhill 
 to the City Court of Requests, when the Court requested evidence 
 that the rightful expenditure of the Company required such a 
 contribution, and that he had waived the summons for the 
 opinion of the Court. 
 
 Resolved, that a Committee be appointed to examine the 
 Charter, as regards the power of the Company to compel persons 
 carrying on the trade of Founders to take up their freedom in 
 this Company, they being freemen or not of another Company. 
 
 "Also, whether this Company have the power to compel 
 persons, freemen of this Company, and at the same time free 
 or not free of another Company, to pay up all fines due to this 
 Company. '* 
 
 1831 January 20. 
 
 " That the Court dine here in their Court Room on next 
 quarterly Court day, and that no visitors be admitted." 
 
175 
 
 1831 May 5. 
 
 " That Mr. J oseph Mayer, not having attended any meetings 
 of the Company since August 5th, 1822, be dismissed from 
 being one of the Assistants of this Court. The above reso- 
 lution carried for the second time, August the 4th ; third time, 
 September 24th. 
 
 The Committee appointed to examine the Charter reported: 
 that they are of opinion that quarterage can be recovered for 
 the general purposes of the Company. 
 
 " That it does not appear, by the Charter, that the Court 
 can compel Founders to take up their freedom in this Company." 
 
 September 1. 
 
 " Mr. Soward attended and took up his freedom ; the usual 
 donation of one guinea was claimed, and received by the Ward 
 Beadle of Bishopsgate, who had introduced him.'' 
 
 September 24. 
 
 Committee appointed to ascertain as nearly as possible the 
 income of the Company, and to consider the best means of 
 reducing the expenditure to meet the exigencies of the times, 
 and to report the result of their enquiry and opinion to the 
 next Court.'' 
 
 October 18. 
 
 " Report. That the Master shall have four visitors' tickets 
 only during the year; the Wardens two tickets each; and each 
 of the Assistants one ticket during the year. 
 
 " That the Members of the Court only dine in their Court 
 Eoom on the 18th October, and at the May quarterly Court. 
 That the August dinner be held at Blackwall, and a Livery 
 dinner every year on the 9th of November. 
 
176 
 
 That the expense of the Oyster Feast be paid by the 
 Master this year, and by the new Wardens at the next Oyster 
 Feast.'' 
 
 1831 November 3. 
 
 " That the Clerk enter a case at the Chamberlain's Office 
 against the admission of Mr. Robert Williams into the freedom 
 of the City in any other Company than the Founders'." 
 
 1832 January 5. 
 
 In obedience to a precept from the Lord Mayor, requiring 
 a return of the Freemen and Liverymen of this Company, the 
 Clerk, assisted by the Beadle, went through the register, from 
 the year 1770 to the present time, and made a return of 350 
 Freemen, of whom 130 are Liverymen." 
 
 January 11. 
 
 " Order of Common Council, 9th May, 1753, to be hung up 
 in the Chamberlain's Office ; entered in the minutes. 
 
 By virtue of this Act, it was enacted that from the 29th 
 September, 1753, all and every person and persons, not being 
 free of the said City, occupying, using, or exercising the art, 
 trade, or manual occupation of a Founder, within the City of 
 London or liberties thereof, shall take upon himself the freedom, 
 and be made a Freeman of the said Company of Founders. 
 
 " And that no person or persons than using or exercising, or 
 who should thereafter use, occupy, or exercise the said art, 
 trade, or manual occupation of a Founder, should, from and 
 after the 29th September, 1753, be admitted by the Chamber- 
 lain of the said City, or go into any other Company than the 
 said Company of Founders. 
 
 " And that if any person (other than and except such persons 
 as were on the 29th September, 1753, free of the said City) 
 should, at any time or times, from and after the said 29th 
 
177 
 
 September, 1753, occupy, use, or exercise the art, trade, or 
 manual occupation of a Founder, within the said. City or 
 Liberties thereof, not being free of the said City, and not being 
 free of the said Company of Founders, then every such person 
 (other than and except as aforesaid) shall forfeit and pay the 
 sum of £5 for every such offence. 
 
 (Signed) Michael Tovey, 
 Clerh of the Worshqyful Company of Founder b.^'^ 
 
 1832 February 2. 
 
 That in future, the yearly examination of the register be 
 held at the February Quarterly Court.'' 
 
 August 2. 
 
 " The Clerk reported, that in pursuance of a requisition from 
 the Sheriffs of London, requiring one written list and two 
 printed lists of the Livery of the Company entitled to vote, in 
 the election of Members for the City of London, pursuant to 
 2 William IV., c. 45, he had prepared such lists, and returned 
 the same with two printed copies, as required, having previously 
 advertised in the Times and Morning Advertiser for the addresses 
 of Liverymen not known, or removed." 
 
 1834 October 18. 
 
 Committee appointed to watch the Bill now before Parlia- 
 ment, relative to weights and measures. Reported, that they 
 had succeeded in getting a clause inserted, reserving the rights 
 of the Company." 
 
 October 23. 
 
 The Commissioners on municipal corporations having re- 
 quested the attendance of the Master and Wardens, it was 
 resolved, on the motion of Mr. Moxon, that the said 
 Commissioners be informed that it would be inconvenient to 
 the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants, to attend (being 
 
 N 
 
178 
 
 gentlemen engaged in business) so it would be incorrect for any 
 individual Member of the Court to take upon himself to answer 
 any enquiries ; but if the Commissioners will put any further 
 questions in writing, the Master, Wardens, and Court, will take 
 them into their consideration the next court day/' 
 
 1834 November 14. 
 
 Written answers returned to the circular queries from the 
 municipal Commissioners." 
 
 December 3. 
 
 " That Brass-cased Weights, marked cased, pursuant to 5 
 and 6 William IV., be adjusted and stamped by the Company.'* 
 
 1839 Aprils. 
 
 " That the standard Weights be adjusted and sent to the 
 Exchequer, to be verified as correct/' 
 
 December 22. 
 
 That the Court dinners be discontinued until Midsummer 
 next.'' 
 
 1841 August 5. 
 
 " On the motion of Mr. Christie, a Committee was appointed 
 to examine the Register of Freemen to be elected Liverymen; 
 and at the following Court, September 2nd, sixteen Freemen 
 were written to, to take up their Livery. Four persons carrying 
 on the trade of a Founder were summoned to take up their 
 freedom in this Company." 
 
 1842 December 22. 
 
 That the fines due to the poor's box, be called over at every 
 Meeting of the Court. 
 
179 
 
 Deputation appointed to enquire as to terms, &c., with 
 reference to the purchase of the Dyers' Alms Houses in the 
 City Road, in reference to the charitable fund/' 
 
 1842 August 3. 
 
 Catherine Richardson, widow of John Richardson, late a 
 Liveryman, having petitioned for relief: resolved, that Mrs. 
 Richardson be informed that her late husband's quarterage not 
 having been paid, she is not eligible for the charitable fund.'' 
 
 November 2. 
 
 Jeremiah Barrett having been applied to with reference to 
 his non-attendance at the meetings of the Court, and for pay- 
 ment of his fines thereon, tendered his resignation, which was 
 accepted, and the fines remitted." 
 
 1845 May 1. 
 
 The Beadle reported that Brass Weights having the 
 Company^s mark and the City's, had been required by the 
 Sadler's Wells inspector to have the County mark also ; further, 
 that the inspector stamps Brass Weights without the Company's 
 or City's mark, and that a great number of Brass Weights went 
 to the County inspectors from London, without coming here, or 
 to Guildhall. Resolved, that the Clerk re-issue the circular, as 
 to Weights, with additional notice, that any infringement of 
 the Charter will be followed by legal proceedings to enforce it." 
 
 1852 April 8. 
 
 To consider a Bill for regulating Elections within the City 
 of London, conferring the rights and privileges of Liverymen 
 upon persons occupying and rated to premises therein. 
 
 Resolved, that the Livery be summoned to meet on the 
 16th instant, and invited to elect two Members of the Court to 
 represent the Livery in the Committee appointed at a Common 
 HaU, held on the 24th ulto.'^ n 2 
 
180 
 
 1852 April 16. 
 
 " In addition to the Court, only six Liverymen attended. 
 Mr. William Devey and Mr. James Moul were chosen to oppose 
 the Bill, as they may deem advisable." 
 
 December 16. 
 
 Special Court. — The Master stated that he had called this 
 special Court to enquire into the affairs of the Company, as, 
 from a cursory examination of the books, it appeared that there 
 were considerable errors in the accounts. Resolved, that a 
 Committee be appointed to investigate the affairs, and that the 
 Master and Wardens be requested to take charge of the pre- 
 mises and property of the Company.'^ 
 
 1853 January 6. 
 
 ^' The Committee appointed at the last Court made their 
 report, upon which the Clerk was requested to resign his situa- 
 tion in connection with the Company, with which he complied." 
 
 March 3. 
 
 Mr. Algernon Wells elected Clerk." 
 
 July 4. 
 
 " The Master reported on the misconduct of the Beadle — his 
 having left the Hall a whole night untenanted — his intoxication 
 — ^his violent conduct and demeanour — his appearance before 
 Sir F. Gr. Moon, Baronet, the sitting magistrate at Guildhall — 
 his remand and discharge. 
 
 " That the Beadle be dismissed from the service of the 
 Company." 
 
 Avgust 1. 
 
 " Edward Yaughan elected Beadle." 
 
181 
 
 1853 August 29. 
 
 Mr. Warner reported that the Company's standards had 
 been adjusted at the Exchequer Office, and that a pile of twelve 
 ounce Troy working standards were wanting to make up the 
 Company's set. Ordered. 
 
 That there be entered on the minutes of the present Court, 
 a record of its satisfaction with the general arrangements of the 
 recent water excursion, together with an expression of its thanks 
 to the Master, to whose courtesy and judicious management so 
 much of the pleasure on that occasion was attributable." 
 
 September 26. 
 
 " The Court then proceeded to the Annual Election, when 
 it was reminded by Mr. Hems that the year of office of the 
 present Master had been a remarkable one in the history of the 
 Company. That difficulties of no common order had been 
 discovered to exist, out of which it had been extricated ; and 
 that obstacles to its prosperity had been met and overcome ; 
 that to this fortunate result and the present satisfactory position 
 of the Company, William M. Williams, Esq., the present 
 Master, had, by his business-like conduct and attention to the 
 duties of his office, mainly contributed : Mr. Hems therefore 
 submitted that the minutes of the past year would disclose 
 sufficient to justify some special notice of the valuable services 
 rendered by Mr. Williams to the Company, and that this would 
 best be done by re-electing that gentleman as Master for the 
 year ensuing. He also noticed the advantage which the Clerk, 
 still new to his office, would derive from the continued counsel 
 of the present Master, and concluded by moving — 
 
 That William M. Williams, Esq. be re-elected Master of 
 the Company, for the year ensuing. 
 
 The motion being seconded by Mr. Mears (next in rotation 
 for the office of Master) was carried unanimously." 
 
182 
 
 1854 January 30. 
 
 Read a letter from Mr. Fowler, a Liveryman of tlie 
 Company, requesting the transfer, to his firm, of the business 
 of adjusting the Scales, &c. Agreed to. 
 
 " Read a letter from the Clerk of the Mercers' Company, 
 containing resolutions adapted at a meeting of the Associated 
 Livery Companies, whereby contributions were invited towards 
 the costs of their successful opposition to the London Corpora- 
 tion Election Bill.'' 
 
 Febntary 6. 
 
 In reply to a letter from the Charity Commissioners, it 
 was ordered, that a copy of the last printed statement of the 
 Charitable Fund be forwarded to the Commissioners, and to 
 express the readiness of the Company to furnish any information 
 of this nature that may be required." 
 
 October 30. 
 
 " Proposed by the Master, and resolved — 
 
 " That the Clerk, under the direction of the Master and 
 Wardens, do prepare an inventory of all the goods and effects 
 belonging to the Company — a copy thereof to be kept by the 
 Clerk for the information of the Court, and that every new 
 Master be furnished with a true copy thereof, and give a receipt 
 /' to the retiring Master as to its correctness. 
 
 " That the Clerk furnish every new Master with a list of 
 the rental and gifts appertaining to the Company, with the 
 dates at which the same respectively fall due. 
 
 George Mears, Esq., having been sworn in as Master of 
 the Company, for the year ensuing, Mr. William Christie said 
 that he availed himself of the first opportunity afforded, by the 
 past Master's resignation of the Chair, to make the following 
 motion, which, having been seconded by Mr. Devey (the Father 
 of the Company) was put by the new Master, and carried 
 unanimously." 
 
183 
 
 1854 That William M. Williams, Esq., having served two event- 
 ful official years as Master of the Company, and during both of 
 them displayed great skill in the management of its affairs, and 
 uniform courtesy towards the Members of this Court, merits 
 the thanks, which are hereby cordially tendered to him ; and 
 that the minute of this resolution, when entered in due course 
 and confirmed, be fairly written out and presented to the late 
 Master as a permanent record of the esteem in which he is 
 held by them." 
 
 1857 May 4. 
 
 " That the fine, payable by an Assistant of the Company on 
 Election, be henceforward thirty guineas.'' 
 
 August 5. 
 
 " The Clerk reported the receipt of the Graham's Town 
 Journal, of the 14th March, 1857, containing an account of 
 the assumption by the District of Aliwal North, in the Cape 
 Colony, of the Arms of this Company. This Article, though 
 unaccompanied by any letter, had no doubt been communicated 
 by Mr. Chase, of TJitenhage, the Civil Commissioner of Albert, 
 and resident Magistrate, a Freeman and Liveryman of this 
 Company." 
 
 October 29. 
 
 " The Clerk was instructed to address a letter to J ohn Cent- 
 livre Chase, Esq., Civil Commissioner of the Aliwal District of 
 Cape Colony, expressing the gratification of the Court at the 
 assumption by that District of this Company's Arms, and that 
 such letter should be accompanied by a careful copy of the Coat 
 of Arms, authenticated from the original Grant, made by the 
 Heralds' College in the 32nd year of the reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, a.d. 1590.'' 
 
184 
 
 1858 February 8, 
 
 That inasmuch as Mr. , a Liveryman of 
 
 this Company, has pertinaciously continued annoyance of a 
 very obnoxious character, after great forbearance shown him by 
 those whom he annoyed, the Clerk be, and he is hereby 
 instructed to see that no invitation for fature Livery Dinners be 
 
 sent to Mr. , and that the Beadle do not again 
 
 call upon him for quarterage. 
 
 1859 February 7. 
 
 " The following letter was read from J. C. Chase, Esq. : — 
 
 TJlTENHAGE, EaSTEEN PeOVINCE, 
 
 Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 November 16, 1858. 
 
 To the Master of The Poundees' Company. 
 
 SlE, 
 
 I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of a very 
 gratifying communication, conveying a Minute of the Worshipful 
 Company of Founders, and the very handsome copy of the Coat of 
 Arms of that Co^npany, of which ancient guild I wish I were a 
 worthier Member and nearer neighbour. 
 
 You ivill oblige me by stating to the Court, that I grate- 
 fully achnowledge this hind marlc of their consideration, and, while 
 wishing you and the Members individually all happiness and prospe- 
 rity, I beg to state that the toivn of Aliwal, North, is steadily pro- 
 gressing, and is highly thought of by our present excellent Governor, 
 SiE Geoege Geey, who has just again visited it on his journey, to 
 mediate between the Basuto Chieftain and the Dutch Republic of the 
 Orange Free State. 
 
 Believe me, dear Sir, 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 John Centliyee Chase, 
 
 Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate, 
 ^'•Division (or County) of UitenhageP 
 
185 
 
 1863 Februanj 20. 
 
 ^' The Court took into consideration the course to be adopted 
 with reference to the public entry into London of the Princess 
 Alexandra of Denmark, on her approaching Marriage with the 
 Prince of Wales ; the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's having 
 granted the use of the space within the railings of the Church- 
 yard, for the erecti'on of seats upon the occasion, upon the 
 understanding that the expenses of erection, &c., be paid, j:>ro 
 rata, by each Company. It having been ascertained that the 
 expense would be very considerable — it was resolved, in lieu 
 thereof — 
 
 That the Master be requested to issue invitations to the 
 Court and Livery to dine at the Albion Tavern, on the 10th 
 day of March next, being the day appointed for the celebration 
 of the auspicious Marriage of their Royal Highnesses, the 
 Prince of Wales and the Princess Alexandra of Denmark.'^ 
 
 1864 August 1. 
 
 Mr. Williams read to the Court Extracts from the Rolls at 
 Guildhall, in support of his view, that the year 1865 may be 
 taken as the Five Hundredth Anniversary of the Founders' 
 Company. * 
 
 On the motion of Mr. Moul, seconded by Mr. Franks, the 
 thanks of the Court were accorded to Mr. Williams for the 
 skill and pains exhibited by him in reference to this subject, 
 and upon many similar occasions ; and this vote, together with 
 the Roll itself, as extracted and translated (the original being 
 in the Norman French of the period) by Mr. Williams, was 
 ordered to be entered on the Minutes of this Court.'' 
 
 1865 February 6. 
 
 " Read letter from the Charity Commissioners, proposing to 
 hold an enquiry into the Charities under the management of 
 the Company. 
 
 * See Ordinances, page 4. 
 
186 
 
 " Eesolved — That William Christie and Mark E. Marsden, 
 Esqs., be requested to attend on Saturday next, with authority 
 to give such information as may be required." 
 
 1865 May 1. 
 
 " It appearing from the Copy of the Ordinances granted to 
 this Company, 29th July, 1365, by the Court of Lord Mayor 
 and Aldermen, as extracted from the records in the Chamber 
 of London, and lately entered on the Minutes of this Company, 
 that the Founders' Company, on the 29th July next, will have 
 had a recognised existence of at least five hundred years. 
 
 " Eesolved — That it be referred to the Master and Wardens 
 to carry out Mr. Williams's resolution, by arranging for a 
 Banquet to be given on that day at the Crystal Palace, to the 
 Court and Livery, whose Members shall each have the privi- 
 lege of personally introducing a lady. 
 
 " That on the same occasion, the sum of <£2 2s. Od, each be 
 presented from the funds of the Company to each recipient of 
 its charities. 
 
 That on the same occasion the like sum, from the same 
 source, be presented to the Beadle. 
 
 " That the Clerk of the Company, in token of the satisfaction 
 of the Court with the manner in which the duties of that office 
 have been hitherto fulfilled, be presented with the Freedom and 
 Livery of the Company." 
 
 July 31. 
 
 " The Master reported that the Dinner, commemorating the 
 attainment by the Company of the five hundredth year of its 
 recognised existence as a Guild or Fraternity, had been held at 
 the Crystal Palace, * on Friday, the 28th instant (the" large 
 
 * " The City Peess " of the 5th August, I860, gives the following graphic 
 
 Account of the Entertainment : — 
 *' Founders' Company. — Commemoration Festival of the oOOth Anniver- 
 sary.— This Banquet, at the Crystal Palace, on the 28th ult., afforded a fitting 
 
187 
 
 room having been previously engaged for the 29th). That one 
 
 opportunity for social enjoyment, with an unusually legitimate object. There is 
 nothing particularly dignified in assembling for the mere purpose of eating and 
 drinking, proposing toasts and making indififerent speeches, yet such meetings go 
 far to preserve and extend a kindly feeling among the myriad units of this vast 
 community. The Companies must dine, and do well to make the necessity a 
 pleasure. Nearly sixteen generations have passed away since the Founders 
 became a brotherhood and obtained a royal charter. The fact was not entirely 
 without a precedent. The Grocers' Company and a few other of the City guilds, 
 have celebrated a 500th anniversary, and if the Weavers' have not performed the 
 duty, they have abundant cause, since they were incorporated by Henry II. ; 
 yet it may be doubted whether any of the great trading cities of Europe ever 
 held such a festival. A few strokes of the pen suffice to typify 500 years, but 
 how many empires have waxed and waned duriag the time ^ The Doges of 
 Venice, the magnates of Genoa, the Dukes of Florence, and their High Mighti- 
 nesses of Dutchland ; where are they ? None of them ever chronicled a 500th 
 anniversary of commercial prosperity, while our glorious London boasts a whole 
 band of princely Companies, whose annals extend over from four to nearly six 
 hundred years. 
 
 The Founders did well to celebrate the festival, and with what good taste 
 and full-handed liberality they kept it may be inferred from the fact, that 150 
 guests sat down at their social board, on Friday, at the Crystal Palace, and that 
 nearly, or quite half the number, were ladies. No such formal inauguration of 
 the pleasant custom of associating our better halves in the delights of the table 
 had before occurred. Now, however, " the spell is broken," and 
 Citizens will deem it a pleasant thing to dine 
 With fair ones, gay in all the pride of silk and crinoline. 
 
 The Banquet Hall at the Crystal Palace was admirably fitted for the occasion. 
 It is both wide and lofty, and accommodated four long ranges of tables, with a 
 crowning cross for the grandees, without any difficulty. There was a large 
 number to dine in the same room, and commonly, even during the winter, when 
 so many assemble, the heat soon becomes extremely inconvenient. Yet, though 
 Friday was quite a tropical summer day, the ventilation was so perfect, and such 
 a delightful stream of cool air found admittance through the open windows, that 
 the temperature of the apartment never rose to annoyance point. The Hall 
 commands a broad platform with an outlook over the beautiful grounds of the 
 Palace, and it was but a step for any guest who needed cooling after an extra 
 glass of champagne. The tables had a really grand and tasteful appearance. 
 They were covered with a profusion of flowers, with an adequate supply of glass 
 and plate, and melons, pines, peaches, and other choice products of the hot-house 
 or garden, were awaiting the guests in tempting variety. The delicacies and 
 ornaments were elegantly walled in by the company ; here a portly Founder and 
 
188 
 
 hundred and fifty guests had attended, and that the hospitality 
 
 his stately wife, quite queenly in her moire antique and rich jewellery ; there a 
 bright, blushing miss in her teens — keeping timorously close to papa, decorously 
 solid and silent ; then a young bride symboHsing a blown rose, in contrast with 
 the younger undeveloped blossom, and the fond young husband neglecting both 
 his plate and glass to gaze at the charmer by his side. The Masters and 
 Wardens, past and de facto, looked " grave and reverend " on the cross seats, 
 while on either side, and at the far end of the apartment, graceful folds of tam- 
 boured muslin mellowed the flood of sunny light, and while seeming to obscure 
 portions of the richly- coloured scene really rendered it more beautiful. 
 
 We obtained a very nice corner seat, opposite an open window, and what was 
 better, our immediate companions, a lady and two gentlemen, were just the 
 people a visitor needed at his elbow to make him comfortable. While brooding 
 over the probability that we might sit for several hours (being strangers), in 
 dismal silence, and trying to think of a plan to avert our fate, the lady (if she 
 ever reads this account will she accept our thanks ?) in a frank, natural tone, 
 commenced conversing with us, and a flow of agreeable talk continued the whole 
 evening. The dinner was choice, well-cooked, well served, no guest waited a 
 moment with an empty plate, some careful waiter was constantly soliciting 
 attention to a fresh dish, and when a wish was expressed for something not 
 ofiered, it was instantly gratified. Then the wines, " Sherry or Hock, Sir ? " 
 both excellent in quality, ^' Champagne or Moselle, Madam ? " and these last 
 were so liberally supplied that sealed lips began to grow vocal, and low, soft 
 murmurs dropped from ladies' tongues. The actual dining occupied from half- 
 past five to eight o'clock, then the substantial melted into thin air"; custards, 
 and ice puddings (how nice they are !) began to circulate, and while we were 
 contemplating a bright lump of Wenham Lake in our Hock glass, Stilton cheese 
 and Port, of unexceptionable quality, arrived, and the comforted guests subsided 
 into a resigned expectation of toasts to come. Over the chairs of the Master 
 and Wardens, encircled by civic and national flags, appeared in gigantic figures 
 600, suggestive why we feasted ; and while we eyed these symbols, the Toast- 
 master was supposed to demand attention for grace ; but where was our old 
 friend, the inimitable Harker ? Had he got a cold, or an attack of diphtheria ? 
 In his absence let us hope his substitute will improve. The vocalists, among 
 whom were Miss Banks, Mr. Montem Smith, and both the Bucklands, gave the 
 " Benedictus " reading, 1675, but the eff'ect was poor, in part, no doubt, from 
 the great size of the Hall, and their position quite at the end. 
 
 The speeches commenced — The Health of Her Majesty the Queen." — 
 (Cheers) — " God save the Queen." (The toasts followed in quick fire.) You 
 were desired to Fill your glasses, and assist the Ladies," and " Silence for the 
 Master." No. 2. " The Prince and Princess of Wales." A song by Miss 
 Whytock, " Her Pathway Strew with Flowers." The singer has a powerful 
 voice, but not much skill in using it. No. 3. ^'Army, Navy, and Volunteers," 
 
189 
 
 of the Company had appeared to afford general and complete 
 satisfaction/^ 
 
 backed by PurceH's glorious " Come if you dare/* sung by Mr. Montem Smith, 
 and cborus ; moderately well done, and gaining but faint applause. No. 4. The 
 toast of the night — " Prosperity to the Company.'* The gentleman who pro- 
 posed this toast doubtless understood his subject, and felt duly impressed with its 
 importance, but his well-selected facts were imperfectly heard, the hearers were 
 strangely inattentive, and a fine opportunity was lost. No, 5. *^ The Health of 
 the Father of the Founders, Mr. Franks, Senr.," a Past Master, whose son is 
 one of the present "Wardens. This toast excited the nearest approach to enthu- 
 siasm we had had. It was followed by three cheers, and one cheer more. Mr. 
 Franks, whatever his age may be, is by no means infirm. He acknowledged the 
 compliment with a quaintness and drollery which told on his hearers. " You 
 must be my children, since you call me your father ; I trust I shall never be 
 ashamed of you." Miss Banks then gave with expression and neatness, " Tell 
 me, my Heart." The toasts after this became " small by degrees," not " beauti- 
 fully less ; " there was some fair singing, particularly "Hail, Smiling Morn," 
 and " Could a Man be Secure." Four of the pieces were not performed, for it 
 was near ten o'clock ; the guests were leaving, at first by twos and threes, then 
 in a continued stream, and dreary it was to address the departing diners, the 
 gentlemen longing for cigars, the ladies for the soft, cool air of the Palace garden. 
 
 It would be unjust not to mention that there were two or three speakers of 
 average ability, and one Mr. Marsden, a Past Master, whose polished style, 
 correct enunciation, and finished sentences, replete with humour or sound sense, 
 would deserve attention in any assembly ; but no speaker could be at his ease 
 where scarcely one word in three could be heard at aU, and the rest were almost 
 sui^e to be misinterpreted. We cordially congratulate the Founders on a success- 
 ful field-day, and trust they will have many many more of them." — Alpha, 
 
J'' 
 
 y S-.Sbfihen!, VokmanSlreei 
 
 /O grocers jBall. 
 
 // Xf Mildreds. 3i>ult>-v 
 
 8. FOUNDERS' HALL. ^ ^-^^ajs^s^,-^ stocks. 
 
 /.3 SarthoUimews 
 
 A' S^Senet Fink. 
 
 fS Merchant Tailors M^aU 
 
THE HALL.* 
 
 Previous to the year 1531 the Founders' Company held 
 their meetings at various places; Armorers' Hall, Brewers 
 Hall, Ledyrsellers' Hall are frequently mentioned, the usual 
 payment being 4d per day. In this year the following entry 
 occurs : — 
 
 Payd for asemblyng at dyvers tymes, 
 
 at one place or other .... ij^ ij^" 
 
 In the previous year it is recorded, 
 
 " These be the names of those that will give towards the 
 Hall- 
 Mr. Knyght, Mr. Brygewater, Mr. Grygly, Mr. Greyn, 
 Mr. Paxton, Mr, Lawrence, Mr. Fynche, Mr. Goter, 
 xx/- each, and ten others in smaller sums, amounting together 
 to £10 15s. Or/. the result being, that under date, 1531 — 
 
 * "If any think those Halls were huilt merely for feasting and entertainment 
 they are much deceived; certainly, they were hoth intended and improved to 
 higher and better uses. All great bodies and societies of men must need, for 
 order's sake, be divided and subdivided. The Citizens of London being a great 
 body of traders, and those of several professions, it was but necessary they 
 should be parcelled into several Companies, each having their peculiar officers, 
 which made them, as it were, an entire body by themselves, fitted with head and 
 members of all sorts, the respective Masters being, as it were, the head, the sub- 
 ordinate officers the essential parts, and the ordinary members the integral. Both 
 decency and convenience required there should be a handsome place, for each of 
 these Societies to meet in, which was, as it were, a little Parliament House be- 
 
192 
 
 This yere the Founders' Company bought two houses and 
 a garden to build their Hall,* supposed to be the garden or 
 burial ground of the Monastery of Austin/' 
 
 Some observations respecting the locality may be acceptable — 
 Dugdale, in his Monasticon, page 221, states that — " In the 
 year 1252, Lanfranc, of Milan, first general of the Eremites of 
 St. Augustine, sent some of them into England, to provide a 
 house for themselves ; Humphrey Bohun, Earl of Hereford and 
 Essex, gave them, in 1253, a house and beautiful Church, re- 
 markable for a spire of wonderful workmanship, in London, 
 now partly a Meeting House for the German Protestants settled 
 in London." 
 
 longing to them, in which, the representatives of each Company did meet together 
 to consult and parley what might be for the good of the whole. Here the 
 grievances of each Society (falling within their cognizance) were complained of 
 and redressed. Here they advised and agreed together what to do, and what to 
 petition their superiors for, that might be for the benefit of their respective trades 
 and professions ; how they might prevent encroachments and abuses ; how they 
 might maintain their privileges ; how they might take all advantages for the best 
 improvement of their respective trades. In all of these, a common stock was 
 kept on foot, and carefully looked after, for divers needful purposes; as, namely, 
 for the relief of such of their own Society as should fall to decay, for helping 
 young beginners, &c." — HolUs Burning of London^ 1667, Meditation on the 
 Burning of Fuhlic Halls, part iii., p. 55. 
 
 * The Founders appear to have settled in this neighbourhood at a very early 
 period. Stow says — First the street of Lothberie, Lathberie, or Loadberie, 
 (for by all these names have I read it) took the name, as it seemeth, of Berie, or 
 Court of old time there kept, but by whom is grown out of memory. This 
 street is possessed for the most part by Founders that cast candlesticks, chafing 
 dishes, spice mortars, and such like copper or laton works, and do afterwards 
 turn them with the foot, and not with the wheel, to make them smooth and 
 bright with turning and scrating (as some do term it), making a loathsome noise 
 to the by-passers that have not been used to the like, and therefore by them 
 disdainfully called Lothberie. Next is Founders' Hall, a proper house." — 
 Stow, ed. 1842, 104. 
 
 Maitland says, its more probable that its original name was Latenbury, 
 alluding to the dealers and workers of tin or laton dwelling there." — 
 Vol. ii., 894. 
 
 The different traders in Cairo have each their proper quarter of the City 
 apportioned to them. I therefore need not caution the stranger to avoid that of 
 the Braziers, the din is 'm^\i^emh\Q.—FairhoWs Up the Nile, p. 53. 
 
193 
 
 Stow, after having noticed the Church of St. Peter le Poor, 
 says — ''Then next have ye the Augustine Friars' Church and 
 Church Yard, a large Church, havmg a most fine-spired steeple, 
 small, high and straight. I have not seen the like." After the 
 dissolution of religious houses, the site of St. Augustine Monas- 
 tery and other buildings were granted to divers nobles. ''East 
 from Curriers' Row is a long and high wall of stone, enclosing 
 the north side of a large garden ; adjoining was a large house, 
 built by the Marquis of Winchester, Lord Treasurer of England, 
 in place of Augustine Friars' House, Cloysters, Garden, &c. 
 The Friars' House he pulled not down, but the west end thereof, 
 enclosed from the steeple and quire, was, in the year 1550, let 
 to the Dutch nation in London, to be their preaching place. 
 That portion of the Church which was not granted to these 
 strangers, namely — the steeple, quire, and side aisles, the said 
 Lord reserved to household uses, as for stowage of corn, coals, &c. 
 His son and heir sold the monuments of noblemen, there buried, 
 in great numbers, and in place thereof, made stabling for horses ; 
 he caused the lead to be taken off the roofs of the Church, and 
 laid tiles in place thereof. The goodly steeple, and all the east 
 part of the Church have lately been taken down, and houses, 
 for one main commodity, raised in the place, and now called 
 Winchester Street. It was standing in 1602, but in a very 
 dangerous and tottering condition. But such was the venerable 
 regard for it, that a petition was presented to the Lord Mayor 
 and Aldermen, urging them to use their interest with the 
 Marquis of Winchester, and suggesting, that by the expendi- 
 ture of £50 or £60, the steeple might be preserved, it being 
 for architecture, one of the beautifuUest and rarest spectacles 
 in the City." 
 
 1541 -^^ -^^^ Forde for one hoUe yere's rent for the 
 
 howsse y* he dwells in xvf 
 
 of John Brown for y® howsse y^ he dwellyth in xx^ 
 
 of Gyfford's Wyfe for one holle yere . . . ix^ viij^ 
 
 of M^* Green for one holle yere xiij^ iiij^^ " 
 
 o 
 
194 
 
 1565 " of the Merchant Adventurers* for iij quarter's rent . iij^ " 
 
 1583 " Paid on Lamas quarter day for Drynk having no dinner vj^ '* 
 
 1586 Payd to Kemp the Cooke for his yeres wages . . xlv^ " 
 
 1594 16^A daye of December, 
 
 Whereas, the Company of Brown Bakers f have already 
 paid towardes the charge of the paveing of our kitchen, 
 ij^ x^, and now, in respecte of a former promise, made loveing- 
 lie, offer to pay to our said Companie, iij^ x% towards the 
 paveing of our yard. Itt is at this Court agreed by the said 
 Companie of ffounders, that the said iij^ x^ shall be accepted 
 and received accordinglie." 
 
 1604 " Rec^ of the Eastland Merchants, J for one 
 
 year's rent . . . iij^ vj^ viij^ 
 
 * " The account of the Company, di-awn up by the Secretary in 1601, states 
 that the Company consists of a great number of wealthy merchants, of divers 
 great cities and maritime towns, &c., in England. These of old time linked 
 themselves together for the purposes of trading in cloth, and all other English, 
 as well as foreign commodities, vendible abroad, whereby they brought much 
 wealth home. They annually exported white cloths, worth at least £600,000, 
 and of coarse, £400,000. The Company imported of the Dutch and German 
 merchants, rhenish wines, fustians, copper, gunpowder, &c. ; of the Easterlings, 
 naval stores, furs, soap, &c. ; of the Portuguese, spices and drugs. They have 
 a great trade with France and Spain, and so serve England directly with the 
 commodities of those two countries." — Macx^herson' s Annals of Commerce^ 
 vol. ii., 221. 
 
 t " The Company of the Brown Bakers, a society of long standing and con- 
 tinuance, prevailed to have their incorporating granted the 9th day of June, in 
 the 19th year of the reign of our sovereign lord, King James." — Stow. 
 
 X " In various periods of time, the merchants of England had Charters from 
 the Crown, for regulating their commerce into the east country, a name of old, 
 and still given by mercantile people to the ports of the Baltic Sea. Queen 
 Elizabeth, now (1579) agreeable to the genius of the age, granted them a Charter, 
 by the name of the fellowship of the Eastland Merchants ; their privileges were 
 
195 
 
 Rec*^ of the East India Merchants, * for two 
 years' rent viij^ 
 
 Rec^ of the Company of Brown Bakers, for 
 
 one year's rent " 
 
 1605 T^ec^ of the Merchant Adventurers, for one year's rent . iiij^ " 
 
 1626 Money taken out of the Poor's Box, towards 
 
 repairing the HaU £3 10 11 " 
 
 1628 Jcinnnry 26. 
 
 " That the passage over the wall in the Hall yard, by a 
 ladder, shall not be henceforth used, the same being thought 
 very inconvenient, and may in time prove prejudicial to the 
 Company, but shall be forthwith taken away." 
 
 1654 ^ay 1. 
 
 " That the warehouse (under the Hall) sometime called 
 Brown Bakers' Hall, be lett at the yerely rent of £8." 
 
 to enjoy the sole trade through the Sound, into Norway, Sweden, Poland, 
 Lithumia, Prussia, &c., &c. ; to have a governor and twenty-four assistants, who 
 may make bye-laws and impose fines, imprisonment, &c., on all non-freemen 
 trading to those parts. It was principally designed by the Queen for the 
 encouragement of her own merchants, in opposition to the Hanseatics." — 
 Macphersony ii. 164. 
 
 * ^' Our own Turkey merchants first, and the Dutch East India Company next, 
 who had got the start of us in the East India trade, keeping up the price of 
 pepper from 8 / - to 4/- per pound, we being at war with Spain, and so could not 
 get our spices from Lisbon at first hand. Queen Elizabeth now determined to 
 enter her people directly upon a commerce to East India. Accordingly, on the 
 21st December, 1600, she granted a Chai^ter to George, Earl of Cumberland, and 
 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Merchants, that at their own costs and charges, they 
 might set forth one or more voyages to the East Indians, in the country, and 
 parts of Asia and Africa, divers of which countries, islands, &c., have long since 
 been discovered by others of our subjects : to be one body politic and corporate, 
 by the name of the Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading to 
 the East Indies." — Macpliersoriy ii. 216. 
 
 o 2 
 
196 
 
 1656 The Auditors reported that Pilchard, the late Master, 
 chargeth himself mth the sum of £120 18s. Id., his payments 
 by his Bills is £82 65. 4rf., whereby he makes payd £22 6s. 6d 
 for charges of repayring the Hall, which we doe not allow of 
 being layd forth without consent of a Court of Assistants, and 
 to the great inconveniency and prejudice of the Hall and 
 Company, which sum being deducted remaynes upon his pay- 
 ments, and allowed by us only, £59 19s. 10 
 
 1661 February 4. 
 
 That the present Master and Wardens, with certain of the 
 Assistants, examine the workmen's bills, for work done to the 
 late Hall, and further, to take a view of the ground belonging 
 to the Hall, and what the charges may be for the re-building 
 thereof." 
 
 1669 August 20. 
 
 " That a subscription be opened towards the building of the 
 Hall (after the great fire).'' 
 
 October 13. 
 
 " That £400 be taken up at interest, for carrying on the 
 building of the Hall, and that the sayd Hall be given as secu- 
 . rity for fewer years ; and that the front of the Hall, next the 
 alley, be beautified with stone work 
 
 1670 December 23. 
 
 " That a course of law should be taken against all persons 
 that have not paid their subscriptions towards the building of 
 the Hall, as also with those that have already served any office, 
 and not paid their fynes.'' 
 
197 
 
 1672 April 3. 
 
 " That the Company of Woolwinders * have liberty to meet 
 at ffounders' Hall two days in the year, and to sett a chest or 
 trunk in some convenient place to putt their papers in, for 
 which they shall pay forty shillings. 
 
 " That a Committee be appointed to contract for letting the 
 Hall and Parlor to such persons as will desire to have them for 
 a publick place to preach in." f 
 
 September 23. 
 
 " That there shall be an account drawn up of the charges 
 which this Company hath bin att for the re-building of their 
 Hall, and la}^ng on the water ; and a catalogue of the names 
 and somes of moneys which the Members of this Company 
 have already or shall hereafter contribute towards this good 
 work ; all of which shall be fairly entered into this Book of 
 Orders, for our successors to see and know who have bin our 
 good bennefactors.'^ 
 
 * The Company has existed under various names, such as Woolpackers, 
 Woolwinders, and Woolmen. It was designated by all these titles in a Procla- 
 mation of Charles II. The Company seems to have allowed their Livery to fall 
 into disuse, until, in the year 1825, they applied to the Court of Aldermen for a 
 renewal of their Livery, which was granted on certain conditions, the number of 
 the Livery being limited to forty. 
 
 t " The Halls of the different Companies appear, at this period, to have been 
 used for almost every public purpose, but particularly for the sighings and 
 groanings of grace and overrighteousness, and to reverberate in thrice-dissonant 
 thunder the voices of the elect, who saved themselves, and dealt universal misery 
 to all around them." 
 
 " Sunday, a world of women, with green aprons, get on their pattens, after 
 eight, reach Brewers' Hall and White Hart Cornet by nine, are ready to burst 
 with the spirit a minute or two after, and are delivered of it by ten. Much 
 sighing at Salters' Hall about the same hour; great frowning at St. Paul's, while 
 the service is singing, a tolerable attention to the sermon, but no respect at all is 
 paid to the sacrament." — Malcolm's Manners and Customs of London, ii. 129-30. 
 
198 
 
 The Account of the charges for the building of the Hall, 
 made up to 22nd October, 1672. 
 
 Paid expenses of several meetings of the Comitty 
 
 
 5. 
 
 d. 
 
 
 4 
 
 13 
 
 0 
 
 Paid to M'' Thomas Beauchamp, the contractor, 
 
 
 
 
 a Member of the Company 
 
 778 
 
 15 
 
 5 
 
 Paid the Mason for the stone work at the 
 
 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 Paid the Painter for his work 
 
 22 
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 
 1 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 Paid WilHamson, the Paynter, for the 2 King's 
 
 
 
 
 Arms 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 0 
 
 Paid charges and expenses occasioned by the 
 
 
 
 
 bdiU. lu. XJCaUOlia-lliU b UUiUiUllillg lilt! VUlUUally 
 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 0 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 0 
 
 Paid M"" Beauchamp, in full, according to the 
 
 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 Sundry items, amounting together to ... 
 
 45 
 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 £1,037 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 The names and particular sums of money lohich the Members 
 have contributed and pay d toivards the New Building : — 
 
 £ s. d, 
 
 M^ WiUiam Burroughs 10 10 0 
 
 And the Hall Window, over the entrance, was 
 fixed at his own cost and charge ; and all the 
 
 brass work for the water 7 12 0 
 
 Stephen Pilchard, M^' David Pursey, M^ 
 
 Moses Brown, £10 each 30 0 0 
 
 M^- "William Eagdale, M^' Poger Fisher, £5 each 10 0 0 
 
 With sundry others, amounting to ... . 277 9 0 
 
 £335 11 0^ 
 
199 
 
 1678 October 17. 
 
 " That for every funeral that shall be brought out of the 
 Hall, there shall be paid for the use of the sayd Hall twenty 
 shillings, and the same Service to be given to the Master and 
 Wardens as to the people that are invited. The sayd twenty 
 shillings to be divided as follows : — ten shillings to the Clerk, 
 five sliillings to the Beadle, and five shillings to the Poor Box. 
 But if the funeral be that of a Member of the Company, then 
 nothing to be demanded, but only for the cleaning of the Hall.'' 
 
 1682 ^' Rec^ of the Gun Makers, * for meeting in 
 
 theHaU £2 3s. M:' 
 
 1683 November 27. 
 
 Agreed to let the Sizing Room and Gowne Room to the 
 Merchant Adventurers, at £16 ^ Ann"^.'' 
 
 1687 August 16. 
 
 " That the Master and Wardens have full power to lett the 
 Hall or Parlour to any persons to preach or pray in. Not to 
 take less than £20 a year, and a year's rent beforehand. 
 " Rec^ one year's rent beforehand, for the 
 
 meeting in the HaU £30. Os. Odr 
 
 1690 Rec^ half a year's rent, for dancing in the Hall £7. Qs. Ocl, 
 Rec^ for preaching in the Hall, a year's rent 
 
 beforehand 25. Os. 0(5?. 
 
 " The Hall to be lett for two days and a halfe in the week, 
 not to agree for less than twelve pounds a year." 
 
 * Gun Makers : Incorporated by Charles I., 1637. It was provided by 53rd 
 George III., that no barrels should be used in the manufactuiing of any gun or 
 fowling piece, or any other description of fire arms, unless the same had been 
 proved at the proof-house of the Company, and marked. 
 
200 
 
 1699 October 30. 
 
 " Agreement, in writing, with M^' Fleming's * congregation, 
 and on February 5^^ following, a lease of forty -one years for 
 the use of the Hall and Parlour, with divers covenants, was 
 sealed in the presence of the Court." 
 
 1700 July 9. 
 
 " Agreed, that the Hall may be altered, by removing the 
 windows backward into the yard. A skie-light to be made into 
 the roome belonging to the Hamburgh Merchants. f All to be 
 done at the charge of the Mooters. 
 
 * "The Scots' Churcli, formerly meeting at Founders' Hall, is the oldest Church 
 belonging to that nation in London. In a printed memorial, drawn up by 
 Mr. Lawson, one of the former pastors, it is stated — * That the said congregation 
 hath subsisted ever since there was a sufficient number of people from Scotland 
 of the Presbyterian persuasion to form a public religious Society, and where the 
 Scots' Ambassadors attended Divine service.' 
 
 " By consulting the records, we find that the Hall was first let for * a public 
 place to preach in* to the Nonconformists, in 1672, the year of King Charles' 
 indulgence. The Hall being then newly-built after the great Fire of London, 
 a fresh lease was granted during the time of King James' liberty, in 1687. In 
 the year 1699, a new lease for forty-one years was granted to the congregation, 
 then being under the pastoral care of Mr. Fleming, who, upon a call from the 
 Scots' Church, had removed from Rotterdam to London, and at this place they 
 continued until 1764, when, in consequence of its being too small to accommo- 
 date the congregation, they erected a New Meeting House upon London Wall, 
 at the corner of Coleman Street." — Wilson's Dissenting Churches, vol. ii. 460. 
 
 " The Meeting House is situated at the top of Founders' Hall Court, and is 
 accessible by means of a flight of stairs, the lower part being occupied by a 
 Tavern. The building is of an oblong form, the size moderate, and the whole 
 fitted up with great neatness. There are four galleries, one being raised a tier 
 above the rest." — Ihid, ii., 294. 
 
 " Founders' Hall is remarkable for having a Scotch Kirk Meeting in it, there 
 being but one more of the kind in England." — Maitland's London, vol. ii. 893. 
 
 t " The cities of Antwerp and Hamburg possessed, at one time, the principal 
 commerce of the northern and middle parts of Europe ; and, at this period, 
 Hamburg is styled a staple or store-house for all the trade of the north, and is 
 usually very helpful to us in taking ofi" our commodities, and in supplying us 
 with what we want." — Macpherson, ii. 716. 
 
201 
 
 That the Parlour be lett to a Dancing Master for six 
 months for six pounds, for the use of the Parlour three days 
 a week/' 
 
 1702 August 2. 
 
 The Clock Makers' Company * to have the use of the 
 Parlour for their meetings, at a rental of ten pounds per annum." 
 
 1706 February 3. 
 
 Committee appointed to confer with the Clock Makers' 
 Company, concerning their continuing in the Hall, and to 
 raise their rent, or give them warning, as they shall think fit." 
 
 1713 October 19. 
 
 That the Parlour be let for Dancing, at what rent and time 
 the Master and Wardens shall think convenient." 
 
 1738 June 24. 
 
 That a lease be granted to the Members of the Meeting, 
 for twenty- three years certain, on paying twenty pounds a year, 
 a fine of one hundred pounds, and all charges." 
 
 1759 May 7. 
 
 The use of the Court Room to be granted to the Tackle 
 and Ticket Porters, on the second Tuesday in every month, at 
 a rental of six pounds per annum." 
 
 1763 May 2. 
 
 " The Society for Promoting Religious Knowledge had leave 
 to use the Parlour on the first Wednesday in the month, and 
 
 * The Company of Clock Makers were incorporated by Ckarter, 22nd August, 
 in the seventh, year of King Charles I., but their Livery did not receive the 
 sanction of the Court of Aldermen until 1764, 
 
202 
 
 the Court Room four times a year, in the evening, at a rental 
 of four pounds per annum/' 
 
 1765 August 5. 
 
 " Lease of the Hall, * with the Pews, Galleries, and other 
 things therein, granted to Uffington and others, for thirty- 
 one years, at a rental of twenty-eight pounds per annum ; they 
 agreeing to lay out three or four hundred pounds in substantial 
 repairs and improvements of the said Meeting and premises. 
 
 Lease granted of the adjoining house, for twenty-one years, 
 at the annual rent of twenty pounds." 
 
 1767 May 4. 
 
 The Loriners' Company f applied for the use of the Hall 
 for their Monthly Courts, and to hold their Annual Dinner, 
 which was agreed to, at a rental of ten pounds per annum." 
 
 1772 May 4. 
 
 " M^' John Wood, of Noble Street, Broker, applied for the 
 
 * In the year 1760, nearly half the Church, previonsly meeting at Three 
 Cranes, went off to Little St. Helen's, and invited Mr. Barber, from Basingstoke, 
 to be their pastor, who continued to preach there until 1764, when Founders' 
 Hall Meeting becoming vacant in consequence of the removal of Mr. Lawson's 
 congregation to London Wall, his people took a lease of that place, and continued 
 to assemble there until the year 1797, when, the lease having expired, the 
 remaining Members joined the congregation meeting at Aldermanbury Postern." 
 — Wilson's Dissenting Churches^ ii. 68, 294, 556. 
 
 At this time a pamphlet came forth, addressed to Mr. Pike, the Minister from 
 whom the above congregation had seceded, entitled — The Scripture Account of 
 Justifying Faith, interspersed with reflections on some modern sentiments in 
 religion, by T. U., that is, Thomas Uffington, a Member of the Church, and one 
 of Mr. Pike's opponents." — Ihid, ii. 95. 
 
 t " Their Hall, situated over against the north end of Basinghall Street, was 
 occupied for many years by the Dissenters for a Meeting House ; but, like many 
 of the other City HaUs, it passed through various hands, and no distinct history 
 of it is now to be obtained. The preacher at Loriners' Hall, in 1750, was a 
 Mr. Samuel Hall. After which it was at length taken down, and all traces of it 
 are now lost." — Ihid^ ii. 559. 
 
203 
 
 use of the Court Room, to show and dispose of Plate, Jewellery, 
 Toys, &c., on such days as he might require it. Agreed to, on 
 his paying the sum of one guinea for each time he shall make 
 use of it." 
 
 1789 Auffust 3. 
 
 In consequence of the great expense incurred by beeping 
 the Hall for doing the Company's business: resolved — to repair 
 the Company's premises adjoining the Hall, in order to do the 
 business there, instead of the Hall, and that a Surveyor be 
 engaged to take an account of the necessary repairs." 
 
 1799 Ju^2/ 8. 
 
 "A lease of the Meeting House granted to the Rev^ Crole* 
 and others, on a running lease for seven pounds fourteen shillings, 
 or twenty- one years, at the rent of thirty pounds per annum, 
 clear of all taxes. One hundred pounds to be spent in repairs." 
 
 * " Anthony Crole was a native of Scotland, born in the year 1740, at the 
 village of Fettercairn, about twelve miles from Montrose. Upon leaving school 
 he was apprenticed to a Cabinet Maker ; at about twenty-two years of age he 
 removed to London and established a business for himself, in which it pleased 
 God to prosper him. "With a view to the ministry he relinquished his business, 
 and entered the College under the patronage of the Countess of Huntingdon, 
 where he remained three years. In the year 1776 he was ordained Minister of 
 Cumberland Street Chapel, where he laboured with considerable success. Some 
 differences arising in the congregation respecting form of worship and Church 
 order, Mr. Crole and a considerable number of the congregation agreed to with- 
 draw peaceably, and to adopt the Independent mode of worship and discipline ; 
 and a lease of Pinners' Hall was taken, where they remained until 1797, when 
 Pinners' Hall being about to be taken down, Mr. Crole' s church removed ta 
 Founders' Hall. In this situation he continued until his death, 3rd July, 1803. 
 Few ministers were more entirely beloved by their people, and few congregations 
 were happier in their pastoral relation. Mr. Crole was succeeded by Mr. John 
 Thomas, a student in the Academy at Hoxton, who was ordained to the pastoral 
 office in Founders' Hall, 28th March, 1804." — Wilson's Dissenting Churches, ii. 
 294-301. 
 
204 
 
 1810 March 5. 
 
 " Report of Surveyor as to the appropriation of some part 
 of the Hall for the purposes of the Company, and for the resi- 
 dence of the Beadle ; also as to the conversion of a part of the 
 Ground Floor into Offices, which he estimated at six hundred 
 and eighty-eight pounds ; and that one hundred pounds per 
 annum would be obtained for the Offices." 
 
 1821 May 7. 
 
 " D^* Collyer and M^' Pearce, from the Salters' Hall congre- 
 gation, attended and offered to take the Meeting for one year, 
 and to quit at three months' notice." 
 
 August 6. 
 
 " The above offer being taken into consideration, was agreed 
 to. One quarter's rent allowed towards repairs." 
 
 1822 May 13. 
 
 Lease of the Hall granted to Mess^^ Martyr for twenty- one 
 years, at £105 per annum. To pay all rates and taxes. To 
 keep the premises in proper repair, and insure for £3,500." 
 
 1839 December 5. 
 
 " Notice of an intended application to Parliament to alter 
 the present streets, &c., in and near Lothbury, and proposing 
 to take the Hall and Houses in Founders' Court ; deputation 
 appointed thereon : and on December 23rd, the Master re- 
 ported that the Company's property had been withdrawn from 
 the Bill, and thanks voted to Mr. Christie for his earnest 
 attention to the interests of the Company in the Court of 
 Common Council.'' 
 
 1841 March 4. , 
 
 " Notice to be given to Mr. Hudson, who held, from the 
 Corporation of London, the frontage ground in Lothbury, 
 
205 
 
 adjoining the Company's premises, that the Founders' Company 
 would oppose any encroachment upon light, air, and way to 
 their premises, by the intended new buildings. After much 
 negotiation, an action was proceeded against Mr. Hudson, 
 which terminated in May, 1842, in favor of the Company, upon 
 all the points ; and in the following October, Mr. Hudson's 
 Solicitor attended and paid £675 for damages and costs, under 
 the action and reference.'' 
 
 1844 May 2. 
 
 Report, as to letting the Company's Hall, and re-building 
 on the site of the Company's two houses, for the acconmiodation 
 of the Company. Suggesting, that if they did not object to 
 the Court Eoom being on the Second Floor, the Plan was pro- 
 posed as follows : — 
 Ground Floor — 
 
 Front Office, 12-ft. >< 11-ft. Back, 12-ft. >< 8-ft. 
 First Floor — 
 
 Front Office, 17-ft. >< 11-ft. Back, 12-ft. >< 8-ft. 
 Second Floor — 
 
 Court Eoom, 23-ft. >< IS-ft. Ante Eoom, 12-ft. X 8-ft. 
 Third Floor — 
 
 Four Eooms for accommodation of Beadle. 
 Basement — 
 . Kitchens, Scullery, &c." 
 
 Matj 9. 
 
 " In anticipation of the Metropolitan Buildings Bill, the 
 above Eeport was adopted, and instructions given at once to 
 pull down the two houses, and re-build on the site, in conformity 
 with the above Plan." 
 
 1845 April 3. 
 
 The Master reported that he had paid £213 Is. 9d, for 
 redemption of Land Tax, on Founders' Hall, and £152 4s. Id. 
 for the same on the houses, Nos. 5 and 6, Founders' Court." 
 
206 
 
 1845 October 18. 
 
 Tenders for the Company's Ground, on a Building Lease 
 for eighty years : — 
 
 Messrs. Hawke, BiUiter Street . . . £100 Os. 
 Mr. W. Nunn, 73, Basinghall Street . 105 Os. 
 „ H. Godfrey, 27, Wood Street . . 301 Os. 
 „ T. Harvey, 61, Old Broad Street . 500 Os. 
 „ B. Franklin, 5, Harley Street . . 552 10^. 
 Sir John Hare, 11, Langham Place, a Ground Rent of five 
 pounds per annum above the highest Tender sent in. 
 
 Mr. Franklin's offer accepted, on his agreeing to lay out not 
 less than £6,000, and paying all expenses. It afterwards 
 appearing that, from pecuniary losses, Mr. Franklin was unable 
 to fulfil his agreement ; the Committee, on the 5th February 
 following, cancelled his Tender, on the payment of £50, and 
 ordered the Ground to be again advertised.'^ 
 
 1846 June 4. 
 
 " Mr. Burton's Account for Building the Hall, amounting to 
 £1,854 Is. 8c?., was approved." 
 
 December 16. 
 
 Messrs. Ricardo and others agreed to take a Lease of the 
 Ground, at £325 per annum, for eighty-one years. To pay 
 three hundred guineas for party walls, &c., and expending not 
 less than £4,000 on the building. The premises being re- 
 quired for the Electric Telegraph Company." 
 
 1847 July 8. 
 
 " That a Marble Tablet be placed over the mantel-piece in 
 the Court Room, to commemorate Opening of the New Hall, 
 with the Arms at the top, and the following inscription : — 
 
207 
 
 This Tablet is intended to commemorate the Erection of the 
 New Founders'* Hall, ivhich tvas opened for business, 3rd July, 
 1845, to wliich was appended the names of the Master, 
 Wardens, and Court. 
 
 1853 February 16. 
 
 The Master stated that he had received an application from 
 the Electric Telegraph Company, proposing to take a Lease of 
 the Company's Hall, at £170 per annum; but that he had 
 informed them that the offer must be at least doubled, before 
 he should feel justified in placing the matter before the Court.'' 
 
 June 20. 
 
 " That the offer of the Electric Telegraph Company, to take 
 a Lease at £400 per annum, be accepted. 
 
 Committee appointed to look out for suitable premises for 
 the purposes of the Company.'' 
 
 July 4. 
 
 " The Committee on Offices brought up a Report, soliciting 
 instructions as to whether it was desirable to continue the 
 Stamping of Weights, some difference of opinion having arisen 
 in the Committee on this subject, a tabular statement of the 
 Company's Financial History during the previous eleven years, 
 prepared by the Master, was read, by which it appeared that 
 the average gross annual income from that source had been 
 £85 3s. lOd, Out of this amount there had been paid to 
 the Beadle, for commission, an average sum of £17 per annum. 
 
 The Report of the Committee on Ofiices having been again 
 read : Resolved — that the Committee do proceed with its 
 enquiries for suitable Offices for the Company's accommoda- 
 tion, as originally intended to include Court and Ante-Rooms, 
 Weight Office and Offices to be occupied by the Clerk." 
 
208 
 
 1854 January 2. 
 
 " The Master mentioned that a Freehold House, No. 13, 
 St. Swithin's Lane, which appeared to him to be in many re- 
 spects suitable for the Company, was to be sold. The Court at 
 once proceeded to inspect it, and the Master was requested to 
 take such steps as, in his judgment, might be necessary for 
 securing to the Court the refusal of the premises, and to direct 
 a special Court to be summoned, as soon as the position of the 
 negotiations may warrant such a step.'^ 
 
 January 9. 
 
 Special Court. — The Members present proceeded to view 
 the house ; and after a full discussion, it was resolved — that 
 the premises. No. 13, St. Swithin's Lane, be purchased, 
 subject to Counsers opinion as to the power of this Company 
 to acquire Freehold Property.'* 
 
 May 8. 
 
 " That a Hcense to the Founders' Company to hold in mort- 
 main the house in question, be applied for forthwith." 
 
 July 31. 
 
 " The Master reported that it having been found impracti- 
 cable to obtain the Queen's license before the 17th June, (the 
 day appointed for the completion of the purchase) the Wardens 
 and himself had carried out the resolution of the Court, and 
 that from twelve Members thereof, he had received the sum 
 of £3,500, in accordance with the following Memorandum : — 
 
 " That it having been proposed that three Members of the 
 Court should purchase No. 13, St. Swithin's Lane, in their own 
 names, on behalf of the Company, we promise to advance the 
 amounts set opposite to our respective names hereto subscribed, 
 to enable such three Members to complete the purchase. 
 
THIS EDIFICE 
 
 PURCHASED FOR THE TRANSACTION OF 
 THE GENERAL BUSINESS OF THE 
 WORSHIPFUL COMPANY OF FOUNDERS. 
 AND TO REPLACE THEIR . 
 ANCIENT HALL IN LOTHBURY. 
 WAS OPENED 
 MONDAY, JULY 3|ST,I85^. 
 WILLIAM r/lEADE WILLIAMS, 
 MASTER. 
 
 WILLIAM SAMUEL BURTON. RICHARD FARRELL DALE. 
 WARDEN S. 
 COURT OF ASSISTANTS. 
 
 WILLIAM DEVEY. 
 WILUAM EDWARD FRANKS. 
 THOMAS MOXON. 
 WILLIAM CHRISTIE. 
 CHARLES BOTTEN. 
 JOHN SEXTON. 
 WILLIAM THOMAS HUCOINS. 
 
 WILLIAM HEMS. 
 CHARLES BORHAM WARNER 
 STEPHEN LOWDELL. 
 JAMES MOUL. 
 MARK EAGLES MARSDEN. 
 GEORGE MEARS. 
 JOHN CHRISTOPHER CHRISTIE. 
 THOMAS OLIVER. 
 
 ALGERNON WELLS, CLERK. 
 
209 
 
 James Moul 
 Mark E. Marsden 
 ■Win-" Cliristie . 
 Wni™ E. Franks 
 Will'" Devey . 
 
 Will™ M. Williams, 
 Master 
 
 £300 
 300 
 300 
 300 
 300 
 300 
 
 Thomas Moxon, Junr. £300 
 Charles B. Warner . 300 
 John 0. Christie . . 300 
 Will™ Hems ... 200 
 WiU™ Hems, Junr. . 300 
 Will™ S. Burton, 
 
 Warden 300 " 
 
 September 4. 
 
 " The Drawing of a proposed Mural Tablet to be placed in 
 the Court Room, commemorating the change of the Company's 
 locaUty, with a suitable inscription, was examined and approved, 
 and directions given for its being put up forthwith." 
 
AEMED WATCH.— PAGEANTS.— EXACTIONS. 
 
 lOth Edward IV. Sep. 17. Jor. Lee. ' No. 7, fo. 221. 
 
 "muster of CRA.FTS SHOWED IN LONDON. 
 
 Grocers xi^^ 
 
 Mercers cc 
 
 Drapers cc 
 
 Fishmongers ... vi^^ 
 
 Goldsmythes ... c 
 
 Skyners Ix 
 
 Salters xx 
 
 Vyntners iiij^^ viij 
 
 Taillors cc 
 
 Iremongers xl 
 
 Hab' dashers ... iiij xx 
 
 Scryvenors xx 
 
 Dyers Ixiiij 
 
 Peawtrers xvj 
 
 Cutlers xl 
 
 Talough Cha^^ Ix 
 
 Surgeons nihil 
 
 Sadlers Ix 
 
 Barbers iiij^*^ 
 
 Armorers xxxiiij 
 
 Eraziers viij 
 
 "Wax Chand^^'s . . . xxi 
 
 Shermen cxl 
 
 Fullers Ixx 
 
 Girdillers Ix 
 
 Bochers Ixij 
 
 Bakers xliiij 
 
 Brewers ccx 
 
 Lethersellers ... xliiij 
 
 Glovers xxxiiij 
 
 Hurers xxx 
 
 Upholders xxiiij 
 
 Cordwain^rs . . . xxiiij 
 
 Joyn'rs xxx 
 
 Masons xx 
 
 Carpenters xliiij 
 
 Flechers xx 
 
 Bowyers xxxj 
 
 Hostillers xviij 
 
 "Wolpackers — 
 
 Hatters ^viij 
 
 Plomers viij 
 
 Stacioners xxij 
 
 Founders "..1 xxx I 
 
 Cop'' Smythes... ix 
 
 Peynters xx 
 
 Pynners xx 
 
 Staynrs xiijj 
 
 Browdrs xij 
 
 Patynmak'"^ xij 
 
 Woodrng"*^ .Kj... xiij 
 
 Turners v 
 
 Curriers xxv 
 
 Pulters X 
 
 Pastlers xxxiiij 
 
 Coupers xvij 
 
 Grey Tawers ... xx 
 
 Blacksmythes . . . xxiiij 
 
 Bladsmyths xx 
 
 Wevers Ix 
 
 Spurriers xi 
 
 Loryners xiiij 
 
 Horners viij 
 
 Wyre Draw"^^ ... x 
 
 Lynnen Drapes iiij 
 
 Be it remembered, that tlie Master and "Wardens of the 
 Mysteries aforesaid were brought to the Guildhall before the 
 Mayor and Aldermen on the Monday, to wit, on the 17th day 
 of September, on which day musters were made more than 
 double in number. The men armed in the best manner.^' 
 
 p 2 
 
212 
 
 1475 I5th Edward IV. May 30. Jor, Drope. No. 8,/o. 100—1. 
 
 A Watch was made by the Aldermen and Mysteries when 
 the King went through the Citie by night from the palace 
 of the Bishop of London through Chepe to the Bridge and 
 from thence to Greenwich. The standing of the Founders 
 was in the ' Pultry/ where were also placed the ^ Armurers, 
 Talugh Chand^^'^ Paten Makers, and Poulters.' 
 
 1483 1st Richard IIL Jor. Shaa, No. 9, fo. 36. 
 
 These Crafte aft^ following, shall Watch nightly from 
 viii of the Clock at night unto vi of the Clock in the morning 
 and mete in the Chepe.'' Neither of the Twelve Companies 
 appear in the above List. The Founders supplied two persons. 
 
 ?>rd Richard IIL July 28. Jor. Hille. No. 9, fo. 81 h. 
 
 On this day it was decreed that on Monday next there 
 shall be a Watch and display of Armed Men for the Mysterie 
 according to the number underwritten.^' The largest number 
 in this List was supplied by the Grocers who furnished 
 220 men, the number required of the Founders being 30 as 
 in 1409. 
 
 It was also agreed by the said Mayor and Aldermen that 
 the said Watch and Muster shall be ordered after the manner 
 ensuying, that is to say, 2 sadde and discrete Commoners with 
 certain officers assigned unto them to go afore the Bowes, and 
 after the same Bowes 2 Aldermen on Horseback, that is to 
 say, John Swayne and John Tate, and aft^' same Aldermen 
 shall follow the Brigondynes, and after them shall follow the 
 Maior and Sheriffs on Horsback, and after the Maior and 
 Sheriffs shaU follow the Armed Men, and after them shall 
 follow certain Aldermen on Horsback, &c. &c.'' 
 
 1501 Henry VIL Jor. Shaa. No. 10, fo. 373 b. 
 
 The names of the ArU of the City which have Livery. 
 
213 
 
 In this list the Founders rank as the 33*^ Company, and is 
 stated to consist of 22 Members. The whole number of the 
 Crafts having Livery being 47, comprising 1458 Members." 
 
 1515 "ith Henry VIIL Jan. 31. Bep. Boteler. No. 3, fo. 66 b. 
 
 Lib. N. fo, 6. 
 
 " Here after ensuyth the order and direc'on taken at thys 
 Court by the Mayor and Aldermen of and for all the Craftes 
 and Mysteryes ensuying, for they going as well in all pro- 
 cessions, as all other going, standynge, and rydynge, for the 
 businesses and causes of this Citie. The seyd order and 
 direc'on to be from hensforth fermely observed and kepte. — 
 P'vided always that the Felyship, whereof the Mayre for the 
 Yere according to the old custome shall have prominence, in 
 going afore all other Felyshippes in all places during the tyme 
 of Mayroltie. 
 
 1. 
 
 Mercers 
 
 17. 
 
 Cutlers 
 
 Inliolders 
 
 2. 
 
 Grocers 
 
 18. 
 
 Fullers 
 
 Founders 
 
 3. 
 
 Drapers 
 
 19. 
 
 Bakers 
 
 Pultrrs 
 
 4. 
 
 Fishmongers 
 
 20. 
 
 Wax Chandi" 
 
 Pastelers 
 
 5. 
 
 Goldsmythes 
 
 21. 
 
 TaUough Chand^"-^ 
 
 Cowpers 
 
 *6. 
 
 Skynners 
 
 22. 
 
 Armorers 
 
 Tylers 
 
 7. 
 
 Tayllors 
 
 23. 
 
 Girdelers 
 
 Bowyers 
 
 8. 
 
 Hab'^dasliers 
 
 24. 
 
 Bochers 
 
 Flechers 
 
 9. 
 
 Salters 
 
 25. 
 
 Sadelers 
 
 Blakesmytbs 
 
 10. 
 
 Iremongers 
 
 26. 
 
 Carpenters 
 
 Joyners 
 
 11. 
 
 Yyntners 
 
 27. 
 
 Cordwainers 
 
 W^ire Sellers 
 
 19. 
 
 Shermen 
 
 28. 
 
 Barbours 
 
 Wevers 
 
 13. 
 
 Dyers 
 
 
 Paynter Steyn""^ 
 
 WoUepackers 
 
 U. 
 
 Brewers 
 
 
 Coriers 
 
 Sporiers 
 
 15. 
 
 Lethersellers 
 
 
 Masons 
 
 Felmongers 
 
 16. 
 
 Pewterers 
 
 
 Plomers 
 
 Fruterers 
 
 Sum xlviij " 
 
 * The Skynners to have the preference one year, Tayllors the next, and so 
 on alternately every other yere for ever. Accordyng to an ordinance made 
 in the tyme of Mayoraltie of M. Billesdon, 1483, 1 Ric. III. Apl. 10. Lib. L. 
 fo. 196. 
 
214 
 
 1532 23rd Henry VIIL Lamhard, Maior. Lib. 0. fo. 243. 
 
 Theys be tlie number of Bowmen wbich sbalbe yerely 
 provided by the Companies and Craftes under written on the 
 Vigylls of Seynt John and Seynt Peter, to awayte upon the 
 Maior in the Watche, every of the sayd Vigylls. 
 
 " Total 233 Bowmen. The Founders proportion being 
 2 men.'' 
 
 These be the charges for the fyrst Soygears* 
 Itm — Payd for harnes for too men .... xviij^ 
 Itm — For mendying the same harnes w^ buccles, 
 
 lether and nayles thereto belongyng . . . xij^ 
 Itm — ^for fyve yards of flPusthyanyne for doubletts . iij^ iiij^ 
 Itm — for an ell of canvass . . . * . . vj^ 
 Itm — for two Hatts xvj^ for two Swerds & dagars . vj^ 
 Itm — for new translatyng ther garments . . • viy^ 
 &c. &c. &c. Sm. . viij^ xv^ xj*^ 
 
 Rec*^ towards the charge of the first Soygears for 
 
 their Coats vij^ viij^ 
 
 " These be the charge of the last Soygears for the same 
 year. 
 
 Itm — for harnes for too men xix^ vj^ 
 
 Itm — for one Byll x^ Two dagars ij^ 
 Itm — for makyng of ij Cotts xij^ for ij payre of Bowtts v^ 
 Itm — for Meat, Drynk, and Botte hyre . . . viij^ 
 
 &c. &c. &c.'' 
 
 1549 3rd Edward VL July 12. Rep. Amcotes. No, 12, fo. 108. 
 
 It is ordered and agreyd that P'cepte shall be made foorth 
 this afternoon to the Wardens & Feloshyp of e'ry Companye 
 of this Citie, that were charged w*^ fyndyng of any Men towards 
 
 * In the montli of August in this year the City of London, at its own expense, 
 raised and completely fitted out a regiment of Foot, consisting of a thousand 
 men, as a reinforcement to the army in France/' — Maitland, i. 239. 
 
215 
 
 the makying up of the nombre of 500 Men that the Citie sent 
 to the King's Majestic at the wynnyng of BuUeyn, that every 
 of the same Companyes doe forthwith make nowe the like 
 p^vysion for the like nombre of Men for the saufe guarde of the 
 Citie, as they then furnyshed & sett forthe & w^^ like wepons, 
 savyng that e'ry of the same Companyes must now p'vyde 
 number of Handgones or Haybutters in stedd of p'cell of their 
 Byllmen, as their sayd Precept shall be apoynted." 
 
 1553 1st Mary. August 3. Bep. Same, JSfo. 13, Book 1, fo. 70 k 
 
 Itm — ^All the Companies of Crafte to p^'pare Eaylles for 
 ther Standyngs, and they to stand in ther Lyverys to recej^v^e 
 Her Grace, begynnyge w* the meaneste Companies firste, at 
 the Well with ij Buckets within Aldgate, and so the Companies 
 in order after other foUowin, shal as they be of Aunciyetie, so 
 farre as they may stretche." 
 
 1556 ^nd and 3rd Philip and Mary. February 28. Jor. Garrard, 
 
 No. 16, fo. 370 b. 
 
 " At this Comon Councell the Mayor and Aldermen apoynted 
 to Taxe and Assesse and Call before them the Wardeyns of the 
 several Companies of this Citie without delay, for raysyng 
 Monies for the repayryng and fittyng of Brydewell* for the 
 reception of the numerous Yagrantes, Beggars, &c., within 
 thys Citie/' 
 
 * King Henry VIII built there a stately and beautiful house, for receipt of the 
 Emperor Charles V, who in the year of Christ 1522 was lodged himself at the 
 Blacke Friers, but his nobles in this new built Bridewell. King Henry himself 
 oftentimes lodged there. But now you shall hear how this house became a house 
 of correction. In the year 1553, the 7*^ King Edward YI, Sir George Baron 
 being Mayor of this City, was sent for to the court at Whitehall, and there at 
 that time the King gave unto him for the commonalty and citizens to be a 
 workhouse for the poor and idle persons of the city, his house of Bridewell, and 
 seven hundred marks land, late of the possessions of the house of the Savoy, 
 and all the bedding and other furniture towards the maintenance of the said 
 workhouse of Bridewell, and the hospital of St. Thomas in Southwark." — 
 Stoxv, 147, ed. 1842. 
 
216 
 
 1557 " Payde unto Brydewell the Charitie geven to the 
 poore, which parte thereof was gatheride of the 
 Companye, and the other portion to make up the fall 
 
 com* was the charge of the House. . . . iiy^-" 
 
 1558 " Payde for ij Morys Picks .... v« iiif 
 
 Payde for xiiij yards of Cotton at vij^ a yard . . viij^ ij*^ 
 
 Payde for the makyng of the Coats and for red Clothe xviij^ 
 
 Payde for ij swerds . . . . . vj^ 
 Payde Conduyte Money for ij Men . . . 
 
 Payde for settyng them aborde the Shyppe . . ij^ 
 Payde for ij hargabusiers w* all things to them and 
 
 a lb. of gonpother xix^ ij^ 
 
 Payde for ij Jacks for the Warres . . . xv^ 
 
 Payde for a lb. of Lead for Pelletts ... j^ 
 
 Payde for charge to brynge the Soldiers to Quynborogh viij^ 
 
 Payde for the Soldiars Dyner .... xx^ 
 
 Payde the Soldiars for a reward . . . . ij^ 
 
 Payde unto a Tylar & his laborar for a day's worke xx^ 
 
 Payde for a quart of Wyne .... iiij^ '' 
 
 156| " Rec^ a Byll of x^ dew to the Company of Founders by 
 the C}^ie of London for sartayne Come bought by the 
 Cytie.''* 
 
 1586 Payd for lending of the Armor on Mydsommer 
 
 nyght to M^ Glover, M^ Hannott, and Joyce Bond . iij^ 
 
 * " Com was accustomed to be provided by tbe City and Companies against 
 times of scarcity for more than two centuries. The origin of the custom is 
 involved in obscurity. Sir Stephen Browne in 1438 is the first Mayor who is 
 mentioned as making this provision, and he is eulogised for it both by Stow and 
 Fuller. The latter' s words are — * That during a great dearth in his Mayoralty, 
 he charitably relieved the wants of the poor citizens, by sending ships at his 
 own expense to Dantsic which returned laden with rye, and which seasonable 
 supply soon sunk grain to reasonable rates.' 
 
 " Before 1520 a regular custom obtained of the City providing com. The first 
 notice of the Companies being compelled to assist in this provision is in 1521, 
 
217 
 
 " The charge of the four Soldyers. 
 
 Itm — Payd xix*^ of Aprill for iiij^^ of gonne powder iiij^ 
 Payd for dreyssinge of all the Swords & dagars . iij® ij^ 
 Payd the xxyj*^ of Aprill to the two gonners for 
 
 Wagys ........ xx^ 
 
 Payd the xxviij*^ of Aprill to y^ 4 Sodgars for Wagys iij^ iiij^ 
 Payd the same day for mendying of the ij gonnes . xij^ 
 Payd the xxix*^ of Aprill for ij dagars . . • iiy^ 
 
 With sundry other charges amounting altogether to ix^ 
 
 when an Act of Common Council passed for £1000 to be borrowed on account 
 of the great dearth and scarcity of wheat which had then lately been, and was 
 more like to ensue * yf good and politique provision were not shortly made and 
 had.' It was in consequence agreed * that in all goodly haste the said sum 
 should be levyed and payd by the felishippes of sondry misteries and craftes 
 of this Citie, by a prest and lone,' and that the Lord Mayor and Aldermen 
 should ' at their discretion ' appoint what sum should be levied of each 
 Company. And it was further agreed, that in making such payment, ' Ev'ry 
 p'ticular p'son of the said feHship should be assessed by the Wardens thereof.' 
 
 In 1645 the Common Council agreed * that my Lord Mayor ' should imme- 
 diately * call the "Wardeyns of all the substancyall companies before hym, and 
 move theym for the lone of some money to pay for the wheat that is now come 
 from beyond the sea.' In 1546 and following years similar precepts were 
 issued. In 1552 it was agreed that * my Lord Mayor assisted with some of the 
 Aldermen, calling the Wardens of aU the Companies and fealoshippes of this 
 Cytie ' before them, should * advise theym to call theyre several companies 
 together ' and * to move them to make some provision of the rye which was 
 then at the water side to be bought,' so that every one of them might * have 
 somewhat in store ' whereby they might * eschewe such damages as might 
 issue by the lack thereof.' 
 
 The peremptory manner in which these loans were demanded, or the incon- 
 venience the Companies found themselves put to in making them, caused an 
 application from the merchants in 1561 for the return of their money formerly 
 lent, which was answered by another precept, * that they should call together 
 those of their company who had disbursed any money for the saide use, and 
 declare to them that they should have if they would, wheat out of the Bridge 
 House at 23/ the quarter.' 
 
 " The continuance of the Com custom is to be traced down to the Fire of 
 London, when the Companies' mills and granaries being destroyed the provision 
 ceased, and it was not afterwards renewed." — Herbert, 132 — 150. 
 
218 
 
 " The charge of Robert Weller, Soldgar into Flanders. 
 
 _LlJJ.l JLdyU. Ult;oo ILLUilUy » • . . » • 
 
 
 
 A. d y U. ±\J1 d lit/W KJWUIU. iit/lU.t/11 • • • • • 
 
 
 
 JL dVU. ±\J1 cL KJUltli^Cll O V^Udu • • • • • 
 
 V 
 
 
 X tl-yu. lUl OL-d/Ud/lU. lUX d OWUltL • • • • • 
 
 
 
 Payd unto the Soldgar at his deUvery unto the 
 
 
 
 Oaptayne 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Payd for Bred and drynke at severall tymes 
 
 
 
 &c. &c. &c. together 
 
 
 
 mth Elizabeth. Nov. 8. Jor. Calthropp. No. 22, 
 
 
 233. 
 
 Whereas the Queenes most excellent Ma*^® entendeth to 
 come in hir Ma' ties most royal person on the xviij daye of thys 
 present Moneth from Somersett House to Powles to heare a 
 Sermon. These therefore shalbe to require and charge you — 
 that you take especial care that all p'sons of the Lyyerye of 
 your sayd Companye maye be in readinesse against the sayd 
 tyme, with their Lyvery Hoddes, attyred in their best Apparell, 
 to wayte and attende her Ma' ties comming. Requiring you 
 not to fail hereof as you will answer the contrary at yo^ peril. 
 " At the Guyldhall of the Cittie of London 
 
 Sebright. 
 
 " The hole nomber of your Lyyery. 
 ^' Wifflers * in Coates of Velvet and Chaynes, Tenne at the 
 least. Your Standings to be strong and well rayled. The 
 fore rayle to be covered with a faire blew Cloth — Yo^* Standers 
 and Streamers to be sett up as shall best beseeme the place." 
 
 * " The Wliifflers were generally pipers and horn-blowers, who headed a 
 procession and cleared the way for it." — HalliwelVs Dictionary^ vol. ii. 297. 
 
 Whiffler of a Company inLondon, a young Freeman, who goes before and 
 waits on the Company on occasions of public solemnities." — Bees' s Cyclopcedia. 
 
 Whifflers. — 31st Henry YIII. " "When the Kyng himself would see the 
 people of the Citie muster. 
 
 ^' The Chamberlayne of the Citie and the Councillors of the same and the 
 
219 
 
 1588 SOth Elizabeth. Nov. 9. Jor. Catthropp. No. 22, fo. 235. 
 
 These are in her Ma*^^^ name to charge and comande you, 
 that you repaire to your Standyng on Monday Morninge at 
 Eight oClocke at the furthest, where you shall staie untill her 
 Ma^^^ be past. 
 
 " Then the Companies next to Temple Bar shall first sett 
 forward ymediately after the Trayne towards the preaching 
 place, by two and two, or fewer and fewer, as the passage give 
 leave, and for the rest in order followin, which place you shall 
 appoint Six of your yeomanry to be there by Six of the Clock 
 on Mondaie Morninge for the keeping of Formes for you, 
 where order is taken, the Gates to be kept shut untill you be 
 entered. Upon your entrie all the Governors of the Hospital 
 of yo^ Company shall repaire with their Staves in their Hands 
 to the Scaffold for them appointed. The rest unto Formes for 
 
 them kept. Immediately after Dinner you shall resort to 
 
 your place againe, there to stand untiU her Ma^^^ be returned.'^ 
 
 Rec^ for lending of the Armour at Mydsommer Night iij^'^ 
 
 1590 ^^rd Elizabeth. June 16. Jor. Allott. No. 23, fo. 37. 
 
 At this Comon Counsaile, It is enacted, granted, and agreed, 
 at the request of the Queenes most excellent Ma*^^ signified to 
 the Lord Maior . . . that Shippes of War and one Pynesse 
 shalbe forthwith taken upp, furnished, and had in a redinesse 
 
 Aldermen deputies which wer appoynted to be WyfFelers on horsbacke were all 
 in whyte damaske coates on their hamesse, mounted on good horses well trapped, 
 with great Chaynes about their neckes & proper Javelyns or battel axes in ther 
 hands and cappes of velvet richely decked. 
 
 " The Wiffelers on foote iiii c. propre and tyght persons all apparelled in 
 Whyte silk or J erkyns of lether cutte, with whyte hose and shoes, every man 
 having a javelyn or slaugh sword to keepe the people in aray, and chaynes about 
 their neckes and whyte fethers in their cappes." — HalVs Chronicles , 829 — 841. 
 
220 
 
 by this Citie for hir Ma*^®^ Service by Sea, and that all manner 
 of charges for p'yiding, victualling, mannying, and furnishing 
 of the same for five months from the tyme of theire first 
 setting forthe, shalbe wholly defraied, and borne, by and 
 among all the severall Halls of this Citie. 
 
 " And for the more indifi'erent usage in the rating and 
 assessing of all the severall Halls of this Citie towards the 
 p^formance of this s^vice. It is also enacted that an equaU rate 
 and assessment shall be made upon all and every of the saide 
 Halls, for the levying of the some of £7400 for the 
 charges of the saide service, whereof two third partes to be 
 levyed forthwith, and all the rest thereof within One Month 
 next after the departure of the said Shippes. 
 
 " Of the above amount the Twelve Companies were rated in 
 the sum of £6174 8s. Od. of the remaining amount the pro- 
 portion of the ffounders Company was £16 Os. Od. the smallest 
 assessments were those of the Fletchers, Woolmen, and 
 Minstrells, £2 8s. Od. each." 
 
 1591 " Eecyved by Glover towards the setting fourthe of Six 
 Shippes and one pynnace as by his bill of p^ticulars dothe 
 appear the sume of xvij^ xix^ iiij^ " 
 
 1698 Elizabeth. Aug.26, Jor. Saltonstall iVo. 24, 324 5. 
 
 " BY THE MAYOR. 
 
 " "Whereas Hir Ma^^^^ most gracious pleasure was latelye 
 signified unto me the Lord Maior, th' Aldermen, and my 
 brethren the Com" Counsell of this Citie, by Letters from the 
 Hon^^^ the Lordes and others of Hir Ma*^^^ privye Counsell, 
 that for the necessarie defence of this realme and suppressing 
 the Rebells in Ireland, Hir Highnesse's desire was to borrowe 
 the sum of xx Thousand pounds of this Citie for the space 
 of Six Months upon Hir Highness' Bond under the Great Scale 
 of England. In accomplishment whereof it was this dale 
 
221 
 
 enacted & granted and agreed — the said some of xx Thousand 
 pounds shalbe lent unto Hir Ma^^^ gratis for the sayd tyme, 
 and to be paid and disbursed by all the severall Companyes. 
 All which Companyes are to be indifferently p^portioned by 
 certaine Aldermen and Comoners thereunto appointed . . . 
 Whereof your said Company of ffounders is by them rated to 
 lend to hir Ma^^® the some of Thirty Pounds. 
 
 " This therefore shalbe to comand you that upon receipte 
 hereof, you call the Freemen of your Company at y^ good 
 discretion to make a generall assessment for levying of the 
 said some of Thirty Pounds, and to cause the same to be paid 
 over into Hir Ma*^^^ receipt at Westminster before the yj*^ of 
 September next. Whereof so you faile not at your uttermost 
 perill, and will answere the same y^ through y^' neghgence or 
 defaulte Hir Ma^^^® said service be hindered. Given at the 
 Guyld Hall of this Citie this present xxvj*^ of August 1598. 
 
 Sebright. 
 
 " The Highest Assessment was that of the Merchant Taylors, 
 amounting to £1800. The lowest those of the Bowyers, 
 Fletchers, Wolmen, and Minstrells, £10 each/* 
 
 43rc? Elizabeth. Dec. 12. Jor. Ryder. No. 25, fo. 221. 
 
 " Whereas the Lord Maior and his Brethren the Ald'men, 
 dulie considering of the great numbers of idle, lewd, and wicked 
 p^sones flocking and resorting hither from all quarters of this 
 realme, which doe live here and maintain themselves by 
 Robing and Stealing, &c. &c. — they to be sett to work in 
 Brydewell. The revenue not being sufficient to support with- 
 out contributions, Five Hundred Pounds to be assessed upon 
 the Taxes. 
 
 It is enacted .... that the some of Five Hundred 
 pounds shalbe fully paid and disbursed by all the severall 
 Companies of this Citie. That is to say, by such and so many 
 of them as were lately rated and assessed by Act of Comon 
 Counsell for and towards the p^vision of 10,000 quarters of 
 
222 
 
 wheate for the store of this Citie. The said sum to be equally 
 p^portioned upon every of the said Companies after the rate 
 of xii^ upon every Quarter of Wheate, which they were by 
 the Acte appointed to p^vide. Faile not therein/' 
 
 1604 1st James L Feb,2^. Rep, Bennett. No, 26 2, A 288 6. 
 
 It is ordered That Lawrence Tristram and John Clarke, 
 Wardens of the Company of Brewers, for refusing to pay the 
 sum of Fifty Pounds or thereabouts imposed on their Company 
 towards the charges of p^paring of the Pageants and other Shewes 
 against the King's Ma*^^^ passage through the Cittye, shalbe 
 p^sentlie comitted to Warde into the Compter in Wood Street, 
 theire to remayne untill they make p^'sent payment thereof 
 accordinglie/' 
 
 2nd James L Oet 17. Jor. Bennett, No, 26, fo. 265 I. 
 
 " Whereas divers of the Companies of this Cittie, complaine 
 that they have of late yeeres bene overrated and assessed at 
 higher rates for Loanes of Money, Provisions of Corne, Going 
 and precedence of Companies, and other grevances then in 
 right they ought : to the end that contentment may be given — 
 It is enacted — That the Master and Wardens of every of the 
 xii Companies, shall appoint two persons of their several Com- 
 panies, and likewise the Master and Wardens of the inferior 
 Companies shall appoint one p^sone of their Companies, that 
 they may rate and proportion every such Companie as find 
 themselves agreeved, and present their opinions thereon to this 
 Court/' 
 
 1605 2/^(/ James I, Jan, 29. Jor, Lowe. No. 26, fo. 302 b. 
 
 BY THE MAYOR. 
 
 " Whereas I and my Brethren the Ald'men have agreed that 
 the full quantity of Tenne Thousand Quarters of Wheat shall 
 be bought and provided by all the sev^'all Companies of this 
 Citie — according to such proportions as were formerlye rated 
 
223 
 
 for the lyke services. Whereof we straitlye charge and com- 
 mand you, that you buye and provide 25 quarters of Wheate 
 which is rateably proporcioned for yo^ Company — requiring 
 you to have such speciall care in the buying thereof as the 
 prices of Come in the markets be not thereby increased, and 
 that you have the same here in London before the last daye 
 of March. Whereof see you fail not at yo^ perill.'^ 
 
 1606 Uh James L July 23. Jor, EoUyday. No. 27, fo. 75. 
 
 It is enacted : That towards the support of the charges 
 to be disbursed by this Citie, as well for the making of a 
 Pageant, and rayling of the Streets from Tower to Temple 
 Barr — at the Royal Passage of the Kings Ma*^^ and the King 
 of Denmark through this Cittie on the last day of the p^sent 
 month, the some of £1000 should be paid by all the severall 
 Companies of this Cittie. This therefore shalbe to charge and 
 comand you in his Ma^^^^ name, that on receipt hereof, you do 
 tax and assess the Freemen of y^ sayd Company for and 
 towards the payment thereof^' 
 
 1607 " R^c^ the Kings Majestic for money lent by the 
 
 Companie upon a Privie Seal . . . xxii^ 
 
 1608 June lb. 
 
 It is agreed with Gregory Hobbs for the prevision of the 
 quantity of corn rated our Company to have in store in a 
 readiness for the market, which is 20 quarters of wheat and 
 rye, viz. the said Gregory Hobbs hath agreed to have the 
 said quantity in store at severaU tymes to the use of the Com- 
 pany of Founders, always at four or five days warning at 
 Queenhive in London ; for which prevision he is to be allowed 
 xl^ by the year, provided always if he be by his account at the 
 year's ende, be at less damage and charge than xxx% then he to 
 repay the x^ back again, and to have but xxx^ p^ ann.'' 
 
224 
 
 Fehmary 7. 
 
 " It is ordered and agreed by the Wardens and Assistants 
 of the Company concerning a precepte received from the 
 Lord Maior touching the sum of £20,000 to be paid by the 
 Companies of the City towards the plantation in the North * 
 parte of Ireland to be taxed upon the Companies as the Master 
 Wardens and Assistants of every Company shall think good 
 to be taxed by the Poule, and by which precepte this Company 
 is charged to pay £34. — ^We, the Wardens and others, have 
 agreed, That every person being the Livery of our said 
 Company be taxed to pay the sum of £1 towards the said 
 sum — and for the residue to be taxed upon such of the 
 Yeomanry as they shall see good: and if any parte cannot 
 be so had, then the Stock of the Court to bear the loss/* 
 
 * The causes which led to the establishment of a colony of Londoners in the 
 North of Ireland may be thus briefly stated : — 
 
 In the early part of the seventeenth century, at the close of the reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth, several distinguished Koman Catholics of the province of Ulster 
 broke out into a revolt against the Crown of England. After considerable 
 resistance on their part they were overcome, and finally attainted of high treason, 
 and their princely possessions, consisting of six counties, were in the reign of 
 James I., vested in the Crown by Act of Parliament as forfeited property. 
 
 This part of Ireland having been always notorious for the shelter it afforded 
 to disaffected persons, the Eang on his accession to the throne resolved, in order 
 to support his power, to avail himself of the reformed religion as a means 
 of establishing a settlement on the escheated lands, to be composed of such 
 English and Scottish Protestants as could be induced to settle amongst a people 
 so turbulent and restless as the natives of this part of the country then were ; 
 and with a view to the formation of such a colony, he applied to the City of 
 London, offering to grant the citizens a large portion of the forfeited estates by 
 way of inducement to them to entertain the project. The citizens accordingly 
 imdertook the plantation, and King James, on the 29th March, 1613, granted 
 them a Charter for carrying the same into effect : and although they encountered 
 great difficulties on account of the enormous expense which attended the 
 measure and the opposition they met with, they finally succeeded in accomplish- 
 ing the intended abject. 
 
225 
 
 1610 February 6. 
 
 Touching a precepte* received from the Lord Maior 
 whether to excepte and take a proportion of land at the City 
 of Derry and Town of Coleraine in the reahne of Ireland, and 
 to build and plant the same at our own costes and charges, 
 and also to have the parte of Seven Thousand Acres of Com- 
 mon Land thereto adjoyning with fishing and divers immunities, 
 privileges, &c. To which we having better considered thereof, 
 now we do excepte thereof at our own cost and charges accord- 
 ing to the printed book it is required." 
 
 1611 July 2^, 
 
 Touching the precepte above referred to. We do now 
 agree that for every man of our Livery and other of our 
 Yeomanry do freely give the xx^ before paid unto the Hall, 
 with this condition, that whatever charges hereafter shall 
 happen to arise for the plantation, that the Hall shall have the 
 charge thereof, and not to be taxed by the Poule, and also 
 what profit shall arise and come in for that account, when it 
 shall please God to send it, shall come only to the Hall, to our 
 successors for the Hall for ever, and not to any of our Heires 
 or Executors for any private money accompt in.'' 
 
 1612 ^th James I. Jan. 24. Jor. Pemberton. No. 28, fo. 282. 
 
 " Precept to provide 10,000 quarters of Corn (as in 1604)." 
 
 * " 1609, 4 July. This day, at an assembly of the Wardens and Court of 
 Assistants, a precept was read, dated the 1st instant, directed to them by the 
 Lord Mayor, with a copy of certain motives and reasons to induce the citizens 
 of this City to undertake a plantation in the north parts of Ireland, and a 
 printed book, containing a collection of such orders and conditions as are to be 
 observed by the undertakers upon the distribution and plantation of the 
 escheated lands in Ulster, lately received by his Lordship from the Lords 
 of H. Mat'®8 Most Hon. Privy Council, and to the said precept annexed." — 
 Heath's History of the Grocers' Company^ p. 546. 
 
 a 
 
226 
 
 1612 Fehniary 3. 
 
 Touching the above precept It was agreed, That we do 
 rest and not provide, referring it to the next precepte which 
 . shalbe sent from the Lord Maior touching the same, and we do 
 stand to the hassard of the price of the same." 
 
 the 4^^ May to the Chamberlain of the Cytie 
 of London for the laste payment of £35 for 
 the taxments for Ireland . . . . £7 10 0 " 
 
 1614 March 28, 
 
 It was agreed to nominate certain persons for the Livery. 
 Each person to pay towards the use of the House the some 
 of Five pounds, or else not to be admitted into the Clothing. 
 
 That the Master and Wardens should confer with the 
 Master and "Wardens of the Company of Waxchandlers* and 
 the Company of Turners, concerning an answer to be given 
 unto the undertakers for the Company of Haberdashers in that 
 behalf touching the money disbursed on the Ireland business, 
 and the proceedings to be taken about the said plantation." 
 
 16] 7 At a Court of Common Council Mr. Alderman Cockayne, 
 the Governor of the Irish Society, represented to the Court 
 and to the Masters and Wardens of all the several Companies 
 then assembled, that a division of the estates, which was pro- 
 posed to be made in Ireland belonging to the plantation, had 
 been made into twelve parts, which were particularly expressed 
 
 * From a manuscript in my possession : 
 
 Whereof Haberdashers proportion is . . . £1688 0 0 
 
 The Waxchandlers 120 0 0 
 
 The Turners 102 0 0 
 
 The Founders 90 0 0 
 
 £2000 0 0 " 
 
227 
 
 on twelve several sheets of paper, the same being numbered 
 from one to twelve inclusive ; and that answerable to those 
 proportions, the Committee for the plantation had prepared 
 twelve pieces of paper, each piece having one of the aforesaid 
 numbers thereon, which were rolled and tied up severally, like 
 lots, each lot referring to some one of the same twelve pro- 
 portions of land; which twelve lots were brought into the 
 Court, by the Governor, in a box by themselves/' — Concise 
 View of the Irish Society y p. 34. 
 
 1620 mh James L Dec. 14. Jor. Jones, No. 13, fo. 362 5. 
 
 " Whereas Letters have been received from His Ma*^®^ 
 Privy counsell, desiring contributions of some reasonable 
 somes of money towards the palatinate allready invaded by the 
 enemy (being the ancient inheritance of His Majesty's Son-in- 
 Law, which is to descend to His Ma^^^ posterity). A matter 
 of that importance which every good subject is sensible of, and 
 how much it doth and may concern his Ma^^^ himselfe, his 
 children, and posterity, and the welfare of his kingdom and the 
 state of religion. 
 
 " This is therefore to entreat that forthwith you collect 
 amongst yourselves by such ways and means as in your 
 judgments you shall think fittest, the sum of Seven pounds 10/ 
 towards the contribution expected at the hands of the Citty." 
 
 1622 Rec^ for rent of o^* Land . . . £8 16 9 
 
 1 624 " Ilec^ for 0^ Land in Ireland, due 25 Mar. 1623 £14 19 0 J " 
 
 1626 Eec^ of Mr. Stone for One Year's fishing in 
 
 lerland £14 2" 
 
 1627 " PRECEPTE FROM THE LORD MAYOR. 
 
 Whereas by an Act of Comon Council the 17th Dec, 1627, 
 
 q2 
 
228 
 
 It was for special causes agreed, that this City shall famish 
 His Majesty* with the sum of £120,000, viz. £60,000 within 
 ten days after the signing of the articles between his highness 
 and the City, touching the assurance of His Ma*^^^ Lands to be 
 absolutely conveyed in fee farm to this City after the rate 
 of Twenty Eight Years purchase, for and in satisfaction as 
 well of the said £60,000 of the Citty's former debts, and the 
 other £60,000 to be at Six Months after the signing of the 
 said articles. It was also agreed. That the first £60,000 shall 
 be raised by and upon the several Companies — according to the 
 several proportions as they now are rated towards the provisions 
 of 10,000 Quarters of Corn. Interest to be allowed at the rate 
 of Six pounds per Cent, which shall be repaid by the first monies 
 to be made by the Citty from the sale of the said Lands. For 
 the better furnishing of his Majesty with the said money — ^we 
 command you that upon Sight hereof, you provide within your 
 Company the sum of Ninety^ Pounds, being your rateable part 
 thereof. Hereof fail not, as you tender his Majesty's service, 
 and will answer the contrary at your peril.'' 
 
 * " This was one of those ill-judged stretches of prerogative which Charles I. 
 so frequently committed, and which at length terminated in a civil war. 
 At the end of the year 1626 an Act of Council was passed, * importing 
 that as the urgency of affairs admitted not the way of Parliament, the most 
 speedy, effectual, and convenient method of supply was hy a general loan from 
 the subject according as every man was assessed in the rolls of the last subsidy/ 
 That precise sum was required which each would have paid had the vote of the 
 four subsidies passed into a law ; but care was taken to inform the people that 
 the sums exacted were not to be called subsidies but loans. Had any doubt 
 remained whether forced loans, however authorised by precedent and even by 
 statute, were a violation of liberty, and must by necessary consequence render 
 all Parliaments superfluous, this was the proper expedient for opening the eyes 
 of the whole nation." — Hume, vol. vi. 197. 
 
 t " Half the amount was to be paid in ten days from the 20th December, 1627, 
 and the remainder in six months. The security given for this loan proved to be 
 available, as it appears by an entry in the Grocers' Books, dated 10th March, 
 1630, that the Wardens ' made reporte unto this Courte that they have received 
 out of the Chamber of London £6006, and £751 for interest.' " — Heath, p, 103. 
 
229 
 
 1627 December 29. 
 
 " Further precept, straitly to command you to pay the said 
 sum on Tuesday next, without further delay." 
 
 162:1 January 1. 
 
 " By much entreaty of those whose names are underwritten 
 hath prevailed so far with M^* Maior, as that he hath promised 
 to go before the Lord Mayor, &c. concerning the some of money 
 which is summoned on the Company — and we have likewise 
 promised to aid and assist him in any thing he shall do, and 
 to bear all such charges as shall happen against him or the 
 Wardens.'' 
 
 3rd Charles L Jan. 9. Bep. Hamersley, No, 42, fo. 60. 
 
 " This day the Wardens of the Company of Sadlers for not 
 having done their best endeavours to rayse the moneyes rated 
 
 upon their Company were by this Courte comitted to 
 
 the Gaole of Newgate, there to remayne untill further orders 
 be taken by this Courte for their enlargement. 
 
 Also Ezekiell Maior, Master, Henrie Carles and Joseph 
 Barrett, Wardens of the Company of ffounders, and the Master 
 and Wardens of the Company of Glaziers, for the like cause 
 and oJffence were likewise comitted to the Gaole of Newgate, 
 &c. &c.'' 
 
 " Paid for the Company being comitted to Newgate 
 by the Lord Maior and Aldermen for that wee 
 paid not the lone money to the King . . £3 15 0 
 
 " Paid for the coppie of the petition which was to 
 the Lord Maior and Aldermen concerning the 
 
 lone money 4^ 
 
 Paid to the Lord Maior to be cleered of the 
 
 lone money . . . . . . . 20 0 0 
 
 " Paid for Ship money 5 0 0 
 
230 
 
 1628 Srd Charles I. Jan, 
 
 " COPY OF DYSCHARGE FROM THE LORD MAYOR. 
 
 To all Christian people, &c. Whereas the Master, Wardens, 
 and Comonalty of the Company of fFounders . . . are required 
 
 to provide the some of Ninety pounds and whereas the 
 
 Lord Mayor in consideration of the some of Twenty Pounds to 
 him paid .... hath undertaken to discharge the said Com- 
 pany of payment of the said some of Ninety Pounds, and on 
 their behalf hath made payment of the said some of Ninety 
 Pounds to the Chamberlain of the Citty of London . . Now 
 know you . . . That the said Master &c. . . are contented 
 and well pleased that his said Lordship shall enjoy to his only 
 use and benefit as well the said Ninety pounds and interest, as 
 also all such profits &c. ... as shall accrue in respect of the 
 said Ninety Pounds or any part thereof.'^ 
 
 1629 5^^^ Charles I, Oct, 11. Jor, Deane, No. 35, /o. 112, et seq. 
 
 It was ordered that the sum of £4300 which the Chamber 
 of London hath payed for Pageants and other Solemnities, 
 Shews, and Work for beautifying the Citty against the late 
 intended tyme of His Ma^^'^^ passage through the same for His 
 Highnesses Coronation — shalbe raised amongst the several 
 Companies — according to the proportion of 10,000 Quarters of 
 Corne as each Company is rated at to provide, by equall 
 parcells at Four Six Monthes of £1075 until the said £4300 
 be paid. 
 
 " The Rates which every Company is to pay at this tyme 
 for their parte of £2150 the moiety of £4300 towards the 
 above charges. 
 
 Qrs. £ 8. d. 
 
 Mercers 600. ..13B 6 0 
 
 Grocers 1000. ..215 0 0 
 
 Drapers 788.. .165 2 4| 
 
 Fislimongers 565... 121 9 6 
 
 Gonldsmithes ... 730.. .156 19 0 
 
 Skinners 470. ..101 1 0^ 
 
 Merclit Tayir^ ...1050... 225 15 0 
 
 Qrs. & 8. d. 
 
 Hab'dashers 800... 172 0 0 
 
 Salters 480. ..103 4 0 
 
 Ironmongers 358... 76 19 5 
 
 Yinteners 520.. .111 16 0 
 
 Cloth workers ... 565. ..121 9 6 
 
 Dyers 160... 34 8 0 
 
 Brewers 100... 21 10 0 
 
231 
 
 
 Urs. 
 
 
 8. 
 
 a. 
 
 
 250... 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 
 60... 
 
 12 
 
 1 o 
 
 lo 
 
 0 
 
 
 60... 
 
 12 
 
 18 
 
 0 
 
 Wmte xJakers ... 
 
 120... 
 
 
 16 
 
 0 
 
 \v ax onana.''^8 . . . 
 
 OA 
 
 ^0... 
 
 A 
 
 4 
 
 O 
 
 r\ 
 
 0 
 
 1 allow L-iiaii" ... 
 
 OU... 
 
 
 1 Q 
 
 lo 
 
 A 
 U 
 
 
 1 rt 
 
 9 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 A 
 U 
 
 
 ivU.. . 
 
 91 
 
 1 rt 
 
 A 
 U 
 
 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 1 0 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 
 1 rt 
 iU 
 
 A3 
 
 ^j; 
 
 
 oO... 
 
 10 
 
 lo 
 
 0 
 
 
 ^lA 
 
 oU... 
 
 1 o 
 
 io 
 
 A 
 
 u 
 
 Barbsr Surgeons . 
 
 Art 
 
 1 0 
 IZ 
 
 1 Q 
 lo 
 
 A 
 U 
 
 Paynter Stay°^ ... 
 
 1 1 
 11.. 
 
 o 
 
 7 
 
 Q 1 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 11... 
 
 0 
 
 < 
 
 
 TVTn ^nns 
 
 25 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 OA 
 
 
 O 
 
 A 
 
 u 
 
 Inholders 
 
 50.. 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 Founders 
 
 15.. 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 
 20.. 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 0 
 
 
 50.. 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 Qrs. £ 8. d. 
 
 Cowpers 70... 15 1 0 
 
 Tilers & Brick'■^ . . 20 . . . 4 6 0 
 
 Bowyers 5... 1 1 6 
 
 Fletchers 5... 1 1 6 
 
 Blacksmyths 16... 3 8 9^ 
 
 Joyners 41... 8 16 Z\ 
 
 Weavers 95... 5 7 6 
 
 Woolmen 5... 1 1 6 
 
 Woodmong'^ 60... 12 18 0 
 
 Scriveners 100... 21 10 0 
 
 Fruterers 16... 3 8 9^ 
 
 Plasterers 10... 2 3 0 
 
 Brown Bakers ... 20 . . . 4 6 0 
 
 Stacioners 140... 30 2 0 
 
 Imbroderers 40... 8 12 0 
 
 Upholders 11... 2 7 3^ 
 
 Musicians 5... 1 1 6 
 
 Turners 17... 3 13 1 
 
 Basket Makers ... 8... 114 4} 
 
 Glaziers 8... 1 14 4| 
 
 Total 10,000 Quarters. £2150.'* 
 
 1630 m Charles L Aug. 26. Jor, Camhell No. 35, fo. 219. 
 
 Whereas the severall Companies of the City were taxed 
 towards the charge of the Pageants against the Coronation 
 of our soY^ Lord King Charles — to the some of £4300 towards 
 which there hath been paid the some of £3326 9 8 the 
 residue thereof being £973 10 4 yet remayning unpaid by 
 sundry Companies towards which your Company still oweth 
 the some of £6 9 0. These are therefore to command you 
 to pay the said sum forthwith. 
 
 " Paid towards relieife of the Poor . . in the . . 
 
 being forced by the Lord Maior . . .£2 8 8 
 
 1640 Charles I. Oct. 3. Jor. Ganvay. No. 39, fo. 137 h. 
 
 Letter from the Lord Mayor to the Companys inclosing 
 
232 
 
 Copy of a Letter from the King at York for a supply of 
 money £200,000." 
 
 1640 October S. 
 
 It was debated, Whether the £50 assessed upon this 
 Company in consequence of the Letter of his Majesty, as also 
 the like from the Lords, &c. assembled with his Majesty at 
 York, shall be paid out of the Stock of the House, or to be 
 otherways assessed by the Poule, It was agreed that it be 
 paid by the house.'' 
 
 1642 18^A Charles I, June 6. Jor. Pennington. No, 39, fo, 314. 
 
 To the Master and Wardens of the Company of Founders. 
 Whereas at Comon Hall called on Thursday last in the after- 
 noon, by orders of the Lords and Comons in P'lement, the 
 severall Companies heer assembled were moved for the Loan 
 of £100,000 for a Year, towards the relief and preservation 
 of the Kingdom of Ireland, and speedy supply of the great and 
 urgent necessities of the Kingdom, intimatyng that the sayd 
 money with interest at 8 per cent, shall be secured and repayd 
 upon the public Faith of the P'lyament .... It was by the 
 sayd Comon Hall then most freely and with great alacrity 
 condiscended unto & agreed that £100,000 should be forthwith 
 sent and furnished . . by the sev^all Companies of this Citty. 
 These are therefore to desire you with all convenient expedition 
 . . . that the some of according to the usual p'portion 
 
 allotted upon the Companies for Corne may be raysed by yo^ 
 Company. And for the better expediting of the business that 
 you cause a Court of Assistants to bee called to bee held on 
 Wednesday next in the afternoon. Hereof you faile not." 
 
 June 8. 
 
 " That the £100 assessed upon this Company by virtue of 
 an order of both the Houses of Parliament and the Chamber 
 of London shall bQ taken up at Interest upon the Seal of the 
 Company." 
 
233 
 
 1643 " Monyes owing to the Company. 
 
 Lent to the Worshipful Company of Merch* Advent^^ £300 
 Lent at severall tymes to the King & Parlement . . £200." 
 
 1647 Owing by his Majesty and Parliament £336 
 
 May Quarter/' 
 
 1653 February 25. 
 
 " Made three severall Claims at Worcester House. 
 
 " Wee— — the Master and Warden and Comonalty of the 
 
 Company of Founders doe elaime as money lent unto 
 
 the State as by the Bonds & Bills doe moore at large appeare. 
 
 One Hundred pounds lent 13^^^ Dec. 1642— 
 after the rate of 8 per C^* Due for 
 11 Yeeres for Interest .... £88 0 0 
 " One Bond for £52. 10 Yeeres Interest . £80 0 0 
 " One Bond for £52. 10 Yeeres Interest . £80 0 0 
 Eest due unto the Company from the State .£422 11 4 
 
 1654 January 18. 
 
 " That the Comon Scale of the Company be given to ratify 
 the Twelve Companies Comitte for the sale of lands in Ireland, 
 to satisfie and pay the sum of One Hundred Pounds lent by 
 the Company of ffounders 13 Dec. 1642." 
 
 1660 mh Charles IL May 2. Jor. Akyn, No, 41^ fo, 231 b. 
 
 " Eesolved That £10,000 be presented to the King's Matie 
 as from this Cittie, and that the same with £2000 to defray 
 charges in attending on His Ma*^^ be forthwith raised by way 
 of the Companies with all convenient speed. 
 
 " And that £3000 be presented to the Lord Viscount 
 Mordaunt and Sir John Grenville, (who brought to this Court 
 His most gracious Ma^^^^ declaration) to buy each of them a 
 Einge.'' . . 
 
234 
 
 1660 May 25. 
 
 Whereas this Court . . did lately think fitt to desire the 
 Companies to raise £12,000. whereof £10,000 to be presented 
 to His Majesty and £1000 a-piece to his Brethren the Dukes 
 of York and Gloucester .... Doth declare that they doe not 
 intend to make this a precedent for the future.^' 
 
 " Paid or gave His Majesty .... £12 0 0 
 Lent the Cittie upon Bylls . . . .300 
 ^' Paid upon several Bylls when His Majestie 
 
 came to GmldhaU 8 12 2." 
 
 1661 mh Charles 11. Feb. 13. Jor. Browne, No. 41^ fo. 245 6. 
 
 " It being signified that his Majesty hath appointed the 
 three and twentieth day of Aprill next for his Coronation at 
 Westminster, and that he intends the day before to pass from 
 the Tower of London through this City to his palace at 
 Whitehall with such magnificence as becomes the Majesty of 
 soe great a King. This Court — expressing to the utmost, the 
 unspeakable joy, love, and loyalty of this Citty (his Majesty's 
 Poyall Chamber) . . . doth appoint a Committee . . to order 
 and direct all most fitting and worthy preparations to be made 
 
 for the ornament of his passage in as stately and 
 
 sumptuous a manner as hath been performed towards the 
 greatest of his Royall predecessors. 
 
 And that towards the charge thereof — the sum of Six 
 Thousand Pounds shall be disbursed by the several Companies, 
 in such proportions as they are allotted for provision of 
 Ten Thousand Quarters of Wheat: And farther, that the 
 said Committee doe send for the Merchant Strangers within 
 this Citty, and all others whome they shall think fitt to treat 
 with, of such charge of the said solemnity." 
 " Payd by severall Bylls when his Majesty came 
 
 thro' the Citty £10 3 0'' 
 
235 
 
 1661 mh Charles IL Aprils. 
 
 The above sum of £6000 proving not sufficient, a further 
 sum of £3000 was assessed in like manner." 
 
 1664 Novemher 17. 
 
 " Letter from the Lord Mayor, That the Company were 
 ordered to rayse £200 to be lent to the King's Majestic for his 
 present urgent occasions. It is therefore ordered that £200 
 be taken up at Interest and the Scale of the Company given 
 for security, and the sayde £200 to be lent to his Majesty's 
 use.'' 
 
 1666 February 4. 
 
 " Received of y® collections towards the build- 
 ing of the ship £12 8 6." 
 
 1677 "a precept fkom the lord mayor. 
 
 " Whereas divers of the Livery of the sevcrall companies 
 of this Citty doe frequently take the liberty to appear at 
 Comon Halls held for the public affairs of this citty without 
 their gowns, contrary to the ancient custome ; These arc there- 
 fore strcightly to charge and require you, that you forthwith 
 give notice to the severall Liverymen of your Company that 
 hereafter they appeare at all comon halls in their gowns as 
 citizens and the gravity of that assembly : and that all that 
 shall presume otherwise shall be expelled the hall and looked 
 upon as invaders of the antient and laudable usage of the 
 Citty. And hereof faile not. 
 
 Date this 21st July 1677. Wagstaffe." 
 
 1685 November 8. 
 
 " That the Master and Wardens have full power to sell or 
 make a bargain for the lands in Ireland, which the Turners 
 and Wax Chandlers are concerned in, and to do and seal any 
 writing as to their discretions shall seem meet." 
 
236 
 
 1686 July 13. 
 
 " The Master acquainted the Court that the three Companys 
 that are concerned in the Lands in Ireland have sold all their 
 interest therein, and that the Founders dividend will come to 
 about £140. The Company taking into consideration that 
 they have nothing to shew for the Land, nor what money was 
 paid for the Land, nor having received any rent or proifits for 
 above fifty years past, hath ordered the master to sign any 
 deeds that may be necessary, and to receive the money for the 
 Company's use. 
 
 " Rec^ for the Land in Ireland . . . £144. 4. 6." 
 
 1690 July 17. 
 
 " According to a precept from the Lord Mayor for raising 
 One Regiment of Horse and one Regiment of Dragoons for 
 the present service of Her Majesty. It was taken into con- 
 sideration that the Company having no Stock, but being 
 Six Hundred pounds in debt. Yet nevertheless considering the 
 imminent danger that may ensue. It is ordered. That the Master 
 shall provide a good and able Horse and Man to serve in their 
 Majestie's service, according to the order of the Common 
 Council, dated the 10*^ of this instant July.'^ 
 
 1730 January 1. 
 
 That the Master and Wardens treat with the Haberdashers' 
 Company for the sale to them of this Company's right to the 
 Fisheries in Ireland, but not to take less than £60." 
 
 1747 OdoUr 29. 
 
 Mr. Walker, Carpenter, agreed to put the Company's stand 
 and the place for the Music forthwith into good repairs, and 
 new pannel boards to the back of the stand for £3 . 10 . 0, 
 and also to keep the stand and Music-place in good repair, 
 and to take it down and to put it up once a year on Lord 
 Mayor's-day, and keep the same in a convenient place dry ; 
 
237 
 
 and provide proper servants to attend the stand when put up, 
 during the term of seven years from this day at £7 p^ year. 
 The Company to be at no expense whatever." 
 
 1761 Augusts. 
 
 That the Company go out on next Lord Mayor's Day, on 
 account of His Majesty's coming into the City on that day. 
 
 " The Company's Stand being found in a very bad condition, 
 an estimate was laid before the Court for a new Stand at the 
 sum of £70." 
 
 1762 February 1. 
 
 " A Liveryman having introduced two friends into the Stand 
 contrary to the orders of the Company was fined £1, which he 
 immediately paid. 
 
 " Complaint was made that the Master had introduced his 
 Wife into the Stand on Lord Mayor's Day ; the Court resolved 
 that the Master had a right to do so. It having been always 
 usual for the Master to introduce his Wife or a Friend if he 
 thought fit." 
 
 1837 October l^. 
 
 Read a precept from the Hon. the Lord Mayor, and a 
 Letter from the Committee of the Court of Aldermen, 
 suggesting the propriety of the 'Livery Companys of London, 
 availing themselves of the opportunity of the Queen's proposed 
 visit to the City of London on Lord Mayor's day next, to 
 adopt some mode of exhibiting their loyalty and afiection, by 
 taking up their ancient and accustomed standings in their 
 Livery Gowns in the public Streets of the City through which 
 Her Majesty may pass to the Guildhall, and by the display of 
 their Flags and Banners, and other Emblems of their respective 
 Companies, &c., and requesting to know if the Founders' 
 Company proposed to occupy any Standings, and the number 
 of persons who might probably attend, in order that the 
 
238 
 
 Committee of Magistrates might make such arrangements as 
 might be requisite for their convenience. Resolved, That the 
 Livery of this Company be requested to meet the Master, 
 Wardens, and Court of Assistants, at the London Tavern on 
 Monday 23^'^ October at 12 o'clock precisely, to consider and 
 determine the course to be adopted in reference thereto/' 
 
 1838 February L 
 
 " Report of proceedings in relation to the Queen's coming 
 to the GuildhaU, 9^^ November, 1837. 
 
 " At the Meeting of the Livery held at the London Tavern 
 23^^ October, 
 
 " It was unanimously resolved. That the Liverymen of this 
 Company show their loyalty and affection to Her Most gracious 
 Majesty the Queen by attending in their Livery Gowns on 
 Lord Mayor's Day, and taking their Standings on that occasion. 
 
 That each Liveryman should pay Five Shillings for the 
 use of a gown to be provided by the Master and Wardens. 
 
 " That a Band of Music be provided. 
 
 " That the Clerk write to the absent Liver jmaen of the 
 Company communicating the Resolutions of this Meeting, and 
 requesting to know if they wished to attend, and that a 
 Committee be appointed to make the necessary arrangements. 
 
 " Accommodation was afforded by the Dean and Chapter of 
 St. Paul's, in St. Paul's Church Yard for Seventy Persons, 
 and Orders given by the Committee for the erection of 
 handsome Standings for the Company. 
 
 " That pursuant to Circulars the Court and Livery met at 
 the London Tavern on the 9*^ ISTovember and were clothed in 
 their Livery Gowns with Rosettes of Company's colour attached, 
 and having each received a printed Card for their admission to 
 the Company's standing within St. Paul's Church Yard, formed 
 in procession and proceeded with Band playing and Colours (a 
 New Pair having been presented by certain Members of the 
 Company,) flying to the Royal Exchange, and from thence 
 
239 
 
 (preceded by the Merchant Tailors and followed by the Distillers) 
 to St. PauFs Church Yard, received Her Majesty Queen Victoria 
 with great loyalty and affection, and returned in procession 
 to the London Tavern to the Annual Livery Dinner of the 
 Founders' Company. 
 
 " Ordered that the Vergers of St. Paul's Cathedral be 
 presented with £3 3s. for their assistance on the above day." 
 
 October 25. 
 
 " Notice from the Committee of Aldermen offering Standings 
 in the Poultry on the occasion of Her Majesty's honoring the 
 City with her presence to open the Eoyal Exchange on 
 the 28th inst. 
 
 Eesolved, That the Founders' Company do attend, and 
 that Fifty Tickets be requested for the use of the Court and 
 Livery. Not being able to obtain a sufficient number of Livery 
 Gowns, application was made to the Committee of Aldermen, 
 that the Livery might be admitted with Rosettes of the Colours 
 of the Company, to which after inspection of the proposed 
 Rosette, the Committee acceded." 
 
 October 28. 
 
 " The whole of the Livery having been summoned to attend 
 at Founders' Hall to receive a Ticket and a Rosette, they went 
 in procession to their Standing in the Poultry (in front of 
 St. Mildred's Church) and received Her Majesty with great 
 loyalty." 
 
I 
 
 BENEFACTIONS. 
 
 1468 " Henry Jordeyn by his Will dated 15tli October, 1468, 
 gave certain lands and tenements to the Fishmongers' 
 Company, to pay certain sums to superstitious uses,* and 
 
 * As the "superstitious uses" above referred to, have not, so far as I 
 am aware, ever appeared in print, a recital of the principal matters may be 
 interesting. 
 
 Extract from the Will of Henry Jordon, dated the 15th day of Octoher, 1468. 
 
 " I, the aforesaid Henry Jordon, will and ordain that the said Wardens and 
 their successors for the time being yearly and for evermore, shall find within the 
 revenues, profit, and rent coming of the said lands, &c., an honest priest to sing 
 and say divine service daily in the Church of St. Botolph without Algate of 
 London, saying or singing his Masses daily at the Altar of our Lady in the 
 North side of the Choir there, and that the said priest be attending and helping 
 to sing and say all divine service there throughout the year, year by year, 
 one after another, as well at Matins, Mass, and Evensong, and at salve, and also 
 as at all other divine service there to be sung and said. And the same priest for 
 to say or sing his Masses daily about the hour of 8 of the clock in the morning, 
 without a cause reasonable or letting, than he to be ruled by the discretion of the 
 said Wardens with advice of the principal parishioners of the same church. And 
 I will also, that the same priest and every of his successors every day at his Mass 
 after the Gospel said and done, shall turn him from the Altar unter the Church 
 Ward, and shall pray and openly say these words for the souls of Henry Jordon 
 and Johane his wife, Giles Jordon and Margaret his wife, Eichard Hill and 
 Johane his wife, and for all Christian souls, De profundis, &c. &c., and so to say 
 the Psalm of De profundis, with special CoUetts for the said souls, the same 
 priest taking yearly of the said Wardens and their successors at four times of 
 the year, by even portions in money, £7 sterling for his salary. And also I will, 
 that the said priest and his successors for evermore, after and afore that he hath 
 sung or said his Mass in the said Church be waiting and attendant upon the said 
 Wardens, &c., at all such lawful and convenient times as he shall be warned or 
 called ; and I will also that the said Wardens of the said Mystery, with seven 
 
 R 
 
242 
 
 also to buy and deliver 138 quarters of Coals^ or else 
 money to buy the same Coals, unto the same number, after 
 the price of viij^ for every quarter ; whereof he willed, 
 among others, to xx of the poor Householders of the Craft of 
 Founders, dwelling within the "Walls of the City of London, 
 a quarter of Coals each.'^ Thirteen shillings and fourpence is 
 still received annually from the Fishmongers' Company, being 
 the proportion at the rate of 8d. per quarter, payable under 
 the above Will. 
 
 other worshipM persons of tlie clothing of Fishmongers every year and for 
 evermore, the day of my decease or within a month next evening thereupon, 
 hold and keep in the aforesaid Church an Obit or anniversary of placebo and 
 dirige, by the Priests and Clerks of the same Church solemnly to be sung, on the 
 morrow next insuing, forthwith lights and ringing of Bells for my Soul and the 
 Souls above rehearsed openly to be named, at the which Obit so yearly to be 
 held and kept and for all necessaries thereto behoofful. I will that there be 
 expended Twenty One Shillings and four pence among the Priests and Clerks, 
 and for ringing of Bells there Four Shillings ; also for the hire and waste of 
 two tapers of "W ax both of the weight of Twenty Poimds which stand and burn 
 in the said Church of St. Botolphe beside my tomb and my wife's there before 
 the image of our Lady, and two other tapers of the same weight which shall 
 stand and burn in the same Church, whereof one shall stand upon the middle of 
 the stone there as the bodies of my father and mother there lying buried, and 
 the other taper shall stand on the middle of the stone there as the bodies of the 
 aforesaid Eichard Hill and Johane his wife lie buried, Six Shillings. Also for 
 bread, ale, cheese, spices, wine, and other necessaries for the same, Thirteen 
 Shillings and Fourpence. Also I will that the said "Wardens, &c. on the same 
 day yearly for ever, shall pay and deliver within the place and close of the 
 Minories without Algate to the Abbess of the same for the time being Ten 
 Shillings, so that the same Abbess and Convent in their Conventual Church, 
 and also to the Five Friars resident in the said place of Minoresse, yearly and 
 for ever to each of them Eightpence to say in the same Church placebo and 
 dirige over eve and Mass of Requiem in the morn next after, saying for my 
 Soul and the Souls abovesaid : and I will that another Obit, placebo, &c. be 
 held in the Church of St. Nicholas Cold Abbey, yearly for evermore. Also to 
 pay and deliver to the Wardens of fraternity of St. Giles without Cripplegate, 
 Six Shillings and Eightpence, so that my Soul and the Souls aforesaid may be 
 prayed for daily as the souls of the Brethren and Sisters of the same fraternity." 
 
My\ZER BOWL. 
 
 temp: Richard 11. 
 
 MAZER BOWL, 
 with 
 
 COVER. 1390. 
 
243 
 
 1497 In the inventory of the goods of the craft at this period, 
 the following gifts appear : — 
 
 onz. pt. 
 
 f&rst — A Maser* a boos of the gifte of a Widow 
 
 called Weygne .... viij iij 
 
 Item — A Maser w* aBoss of the gifte of J ohn Badcock xv iiij 
 Item — A Maser w* a Boss and an Herte of Silver 
 
 and gilted of the gifte of Bob* Reynolds . ix 
 Item — ^A Maser w* a Boss of the gifte of Henry 
 
 Pentlowe vj 
 
 Item — A Maser w* Boss of the gifte of John Seykyn iv 
 Item — A double Cuppe w^ an handill on gilted. The 
 gifte of Johan the wife of Rob* Reynolds 
 
 aforesaid xviij 
 
 Item — A standynt Cuppe w* a cover not gilte, w*^ a 
 Hawke on the same, the gifte of Richard 
 
 Hawke xxxiij iiij 
 
 Item — vj Spones of Silver w* round Knoppes of the 
 
 gifte of John Baldwyn . . . . vij ix^'* 
 Item — ^viij Spones of Silver of the gifte of William 
 
 Chambleyn the Elder . . . .vij iij 
 Item — A Cuppe covred harnessed w* Silver gilte, of 
 
 the gifte of John Blowbell . . . xxvij ^^^^* 
 Item — A grete Maser harnessed w* Silver gilte, of the 
 gifte of John Betenden otherwise called 
 Wayte • xvj 
 
 * At page 43, the Maser is described as a wooden drinking vessel, and one is 
 specially referred to, " the outside whereof was of Black Maser (Maple wood), 
 and the inside of Silver double gilte, the edge finely wrought round about with 
 Silver and double gilte." Finding it difficult to understand the weight as stated 
 against each Maser, I consulted my late esteemed friend F.W. Fairholt, F.S.A., 
 from whom I received a communication a very short time previous to his death, 
 in which he stated " I cannot understand your Masers at all, the weight is so 
 extraordinary. No drinking cup could ever weigh so little as four ounces ! or 
 even fifteen ! ! Can it be that they merely value the silver lining at its supposed 
 weight ? " 
 
 K 2 
 
244 
 
 Item — A grete Maser harnessed Silver gilte, of the 
 
 gifte of John Pynchbeck . . . xj. 
 
 Item — A Spone of the gifte of John Peys, of Syller xij 
 
 Item — A Maser of the gifte of some unknown Widow. 
 
 Item — A standyng goblett p'cell gilt, with one Spone, w* a 
 gunner on the cover. 
 
 Item — A fyne table Cloth diapre, of the gifte of Alice Claner, 
 cont^ X yardes. 
 
 Item — A Towell diapre of the gifte of the same Alice, cont^ 
 
 XXV y*^^ and a q^' 
 Item — Of redy money given by the same Alice . xP 
 Item — A Table Cloth diapre of the gifte of the wife of John 
 
 Belwyn aforenamed. 
 Item — A Table for an Altar w* an ymage of Seint Clement of 
 
 the gifte of John Blowbell. 
 Item — ^ij bacyns & ewers of Latton of the gifte of the wife of 
 
 John Artas. 
 
 1564 " Mem. — That Peter Tayeler, ffounder, departed thys lyfe the 
 xij*^ daye of November, in the yere of our Lord, 1564, who 
 hathe geven to this Company xiij^ iv^ for dyvers years to 
 come as dothe appear by evidens remaynyng in thys Hall, 
 and more a Cuppe otherways callyd a Goblytt of Sylver 
 parcell gilte w* a Cover weynt xxij ounces. 
 
 Item — Payd for the Brekfast which was made for 
 Mystrys Teller when she brought in the 
 Gobblytt into the Hall, w^ was the xxj^* day 
 of November, 1564 xj^ viij^ 
 
 1594 " None die Octobris. 
 
 " Whereas, Roberto Thompson hath this day given and 
 delivered to the Company of ffounders. Five Marks, to the 
 end that the said Company shall add to the said Five Marks 
 Twentie Nobles to make up a Stock of Ten Pounds to be put 
 
« 
 
245 
 
 out yearlie for ever, after the rate of in the Hundred, and 
 the money growing upon the use of the said to be yearlie 
 for ever distributed amongst the poor people of the said 
 Companie, between the feast of Andrew the Apostle and 
 the feast of the birth of our Lord God, by the discretion of 
 the Wardens of the said Companie for the tyme beinge : Itt is 
 at this Oourte fully agreed that Tiventie Nobles shall be added 
 to the said Five Markes to make up the said Stocke of x^, and 
 that the same shall yearlie for ever be putt forthe after the 
 said rate of x^ in the hundred upon such assurance as shalbe 
 allowed and lyked by the Wardens and Assistance of the sayd 
 Companye for the tyme beinge, or the more parte of them. 
 And that the Money growing upon the use thereof, shalbe 
 yearlie for ever distributed among the poor of the said 
 Company, and that the said Rob* Thompson shall have the 
 use of the said x^ for five years next ensuyng, upon assurance 
 to be given and allowed yearlie in forme aforesaid, and payinge 
 therfor yearlie after the rate of x^ in the hundred for the use 
 thereof" 
 
 1594 " The xvj*^ daye of December. 
 
 Whereas the Companie of Brown Bakers have already 
 peyd to our Company of Founders towards the charge of the 
 paving of our kitchen fiftie shillings ; and now the said Com- 
 panie of Brown Bakers, in respecte of a former promise made, 
 doe lovinglie offer to paye to our sayd Companye Three 
 Pounds, Ten Shillings, towards the payving of our yard to 
 make up the sayd fiftie shillings. Six pounds. Itt is at thys 
 Court agreed by the sayd Companie of Founders, that the sayd 
 Three Pounds, Ten Shillings, shalbe accepted and receyved 
 accordinglie." 
 
 1633 page 95 there is an entry, all the Spoones were sould 
 
 but one, w^^ was Humphry Bowines' Spoone." 
 
246 
 
 The Spoon which has been kept for many years in the 
 
 case, with the Drinking Glass, (page 247) and with which 
 
 it has always been supposed to be connected, is of Nuremberg 
 
 manufacture, and of great beauty and rarity. The initials 
 
 H.B., 1625 on the back of the bowl, identify it with the 
 
 Spoon above referred to, Humphry Bowin having been 
 
 admitted into the Company in that year ; and on which 
 
 occasion, as before recorded, it was the practice for every 
 
 new brother to give a silver spoon of the value of 13s. 4d. 
 
 at the least. The Spoon bears the following inscription 
 
 ; lengthwise on the handle — 
 
 " If you loye me — Keep me ever, 
 That's my desire — and your endeavour." 
 
 1638 July 2, 
 
 The sum of £100 given to the Company by the last Will 
 of Mr. John Eelye, alias Eawlins, of the City of Westminster, 
 1 Esq., was paid, together with a certain lease and counterpart 
 of leases by the said Will, given to the Company to pay £6 
 yearly to six working Founders.^' 
 
 1640 September 20. 
 
 Abraham Woodhall, by Will of the above date, left to the 
 Churchwardens of the parish of St. Bride, Fleet Street, certain 
 houses standing, and being at the south end of his garden, 
 situate in George Alley, in Shoe Lane, on trust, to pay yearly, 
 amongst other charges, to the Master and Wardens of the 
 Company of Founders, at the feast of the Nativity and St. John 
 Baptist, by even and equal portions, the sum of 40s. yearly 
 for ever, to be given and distributed by them to the poorer sort 
 of their Company. 
 
 The property upon which this charge was made being 
 destroyed at the dreadful fire in 1666, the annuity fell consi- 
 derably in arrear, but on the 9th February, 1673, it was 
 decreed, That Abraham Downing shall pay the sum of Five 
 
/ 
 
247 
 
 Pounds in full of all arrears due to the Company from him of 
 the gift of Mr. Abraham Woodall, of Forty Shillings per 
 annum to theire poore, and that the sayd Mr. Downing shall 
 pay to the sayd Company for eighteen years yett to come, 
 twenty shillings a year for the use of the poor as aforesaid, and 
 after that period to pay the whole forty shillings as formerly.^' 
 The Corporation of London having taken the ground as a 
 portion of the site of Farringdon Market, the amount is now 
 paid by them. 
 
 Richard Wioley,* Master of the Company, 1631, and again 
 in 1640, bequeathed a Venetian Drinking Glass, richly painted 
 in colors, with a silver gilt foot, to be used yearly on the 
 inauguration of the new master, as appears by the following 
 extract from his Will : — 
 
 " And whereas I the said Richard Wioley, for 34 Years 
 have been a Member of the Livery of the Company of 
 Founders of the City of London, from whom I always have 
 good respect and observation ever showed to me in that time 
 aforesaid, in requital whereof I give and bequeath unto the 
 said Company my painted Drinking Glass, with the Silver and 
 Guilte foote, which by relation was brought from BuUen out 
 of France, t at the time when Henry the viij^^ King of England 
 had that place yielded unto him ; this Glasse being parte of 
 the pillage then taken by a Yeoman of the Crowne, and hath 
 
 * I regret my inability to give tlie date of this Will, or when the Glass came 
 into the possession of the Company. Notwithstanding many hours' tedious 
 search at Doctors' Commons, I have been unable to find the Will ; neither is 
 there, so far as I am aware, any entry in the Company's Books respecting it. 
 
 t 1544. The 14th July, the Eong in person, accompanied wyth divers of the 
 nobility, passed the seas from Dover to Calais, and the 26th of the same month 
 encamped himself before BuUounge, and assaulted the towne, and after numerous 
 assaults, so manie of their valiant Captains and brave Soldiers were slain, 
 that they sent two of their Chiefs which declared unto the Kyng that the 
 governor of the towne with his retinue was contented to deliver the towne to 
 his grace, with condition that they might passe with bag and baggage, which 
 
248 
 
 remained in one and the same familie to this day : which 
 Glasse I bought for a valluable consideration, and do desire 
 that this Glasse may be used in the Founders' Hall only upon 
 the Election Day, when the Master and Wardens are to be 
 Elected and chosen according to the ancient custom of this 
 Company. The Old Master presenting to the New Master a 
 Cupp of Hipocrass,* drinking unto Him by the name of Master, 
 which I desire may be in this Glasse. And I do hearby wish 
 that my means were agreable to my "Will, then should they 
 record me a better Benefactor : And I shall ever wish the 
 whole Body may ever live in Unity, Concord, and Brotherly 
 Love, which is pleasing to God and Man. Even thus the God 
 of Heaven Bless them all. — ^Amen. " 
 
 This is an exceedingly beautiful specimen of Venetian 
 painted glass of the fifteenth century. It is stated on good 
 authority that there are only two other examples known of 
 the glass manufacture of the above period, one of which is 
 in the possession of the Baron Rothschild, by whom it was 
 
 request the Kyng, like a noble and merciful person, freely graunted, and on the 
 3rd September, like a puissant conqueror, rode into Bullounge. — Holinshed, 964* 
 " The French rested not till they came to Hardilo Sands, a place of great 
 strength and advantage, and then despatched a Messenger unto the English 
 armie, that there they meant to abide and to give them battell if they would 
 advance forth to meet them, whereupon the Englishmen to light them a candle 
 that they might see where they were, set all the villages and houses about on a 
 light fire, continuing the same all that afternoone and the night following, and 
 then came back to Bullounge with all their spoils and prisoners. They took in 
 this encounter, seven pieces of artillerie, the armour of Monsieur de Bies, the 
 French general, beside apparell, plate, and furniture in great plentie." — Ibid, 968. 
 
 * The " Hippocrass " used on these occasions is from the following receipt, 
 taken from Arnold's Chronicle of London, p. 72 : 
 
 The Crafte to make Ypocras. 
 Take a quart of Eed Wyne, an unce of Synamon and halfe an unce of 
 Gynger, a quartir of an unce of greynes, and halfe a pound of Suger, and brose 
 all these, not too small, then putt them in a bage of wuUen clothe made 
 therefore, with the Wyne ; lete it hange ouir a vessell tyll ye Wyne be rune 
 thorow." 
 
249 
 
 lately purchased for 350 guineas. The original glass foot is 
 supposed to have been broken at the siege of Boulogne, and 
 has been replaced by one of silver gilt; the mounting is English 
 by the plate marks, which are partially obliterated, but refer 
 to the year 1607. 
 
 The painting on the glass may be considered to represent 
 Tethys, the greatest of the sea deities, wife of Oceanus ; she is 
 clad in a mantle, edged with gold, wearing a crown, and riding 
 on a sea horse at the bottom of the ocean, accompanied by two 
 of her 3,000 daughters, also on sea horses ; there is an altar with 
 incense burning on it, surmounted by a human skull, with 
 drapery hanging between each goddess, from the altar down to 
 the weeds and shells at the bottom of the sea, emblematical of 
 the libations and sacrifices which were offered to them. 
 
 1647 September 29. 
 
 Ordered, that the Master and Wardens, with divers of the 
 Assistants, and the Clerk and Beadle, should go and take pos- 
 session of two houses standing in St. Margaret's, Lothbury, in 
 the occupation of Thomas Duncan, Merchant, and the Widow 
 Gates, given unto the Company by Mr. Richard Rowdinge, 
 to commence from the 29th September, 1647, unto the full 
 end and term of thirty-one years, and had possession delivered 
 to them accordingly. 
 
 1653 February 7. 
 
 " Mr. Steven Pilchard, Upper Warden, gave for the use of 
 the Company, an Hower Glass with 4 Glasses, and a Copper 
 Box with 2 Keyes and 2 severall Lockes, with Half a Crown 
 in Money, Uppon condition that the Master should keep one 
 Key and the Renter Warden the other ; and that the Master 
 and Wardens in whose time the money was given should have 
 the disposeing thereof every Christmas at the same time the 
 guifte of Mr. Woodall is distributed unto the poor and needy 
 people of the Company." 
 
250 
 
 At the same time, Mr. Anthony Green and Mr. John Brett 
 gave, for the use of the Company, One Staff tipped with 
 Silver, the Silver waying 3 ounces, for the Beadle to carry 
 before the Company, and yf it happen for the sayd Beadle to 
 Dy or be dismissed of his place, for the next Beadle to give to 
 the Wyff of the sayd Cha^ Campion, five shillings, and to 
 leave the sayd Stafi* into the Companie's handes againe.'^ 
 
 1654 August 18. 
 
 Joseph Parratt, by his Will of the above date, directed that 
 from and after the death of his said Wife, there shall be 
 paid yearly, for ever, unto the Master, Wardens and Company, 
 of Founders, for the time being, and their successors, the sum 
 of four pounds, to be by them disposed of at their discretions, 
 to and for the use of the most indigent poor and needy persons, 
 freemen of the said Company.^' 
 
 The property, on which this charge was made, having been 
 destroyed by the fire of London, the then freeholder petitioned 
 the Judges for an abatement of this and other charges, to 
 enable him to rebuild. On the 22nd of November, 1670, an 
 order was made that he should pay 40s. a year for forty years 
 to the Company, in respect of the above gift, and after the 
 expiration thereof, the full sum of £4 yearly for ever. The 
 property on which this gift was chargeable appears to have 
 been Nos. 29 and 30 Shoe Lane, and was paid regularly up to 
 the year 1823, when the Corporation of London purchased 
 the property for the site of Farringdon Market, but refused to 
 pay the rent charge, not having been informed thereof, and 
 the Company being unable clearly to identify the property, the 
 bequest has been lost. 
 
 1655 May 7, 
 
 " That the Common Scale of the Company of Founders be 
 given unto the Widdowe Dorithy Parratt, for an acquittance 
 
251 
 
 for the sume of Twenty Pounds, given as a legacy by Joseph 
 Parratt, her late husband, which sayd sum the now present 
 Master hath in his hands, and hath putt it uppon accounte." 
 
 1708 The Master and Wardens reported (5th May, 1806) that 
 they had searched the books, and were not able to find any 
 entry relating to the three silver Tankards.'^ 
 
 The tankards thus referred to (always used at the Livery 
 Dinners, when the toast-master announces that " the Master 
 drinks to you in a loving cup, and bids you all a hearty 
 welcome,^^) have the inscription the gift of Thomas Fisher, 
 Merchant and Founder, of London." By reference to the 
 Register of Freemen, it appears that Thomas Fisher served 
 Mr. Cawston, and was admitted the 13th of June, 1689 ; that 
 he fined for all offices in 1703; and died in 1708. The 
 Tankards bear the initials B.A. as the maker, with the Hall 
 mark of 1708. The following is an extract from his Will, 
 dated 23rd March, 1706, proved April, 1708 : I give also and 
 bequeath to the Master and Wardens of the Mistery of Founders 
 of London, of which Company I am a Member, the sum of 
 Fifty Pounds, to buy them a piece of useful plate to be used 
 by the said Company." 
 
 1736 August 2. 
 
 Mrs. Wood gave the Company* £200 on condition of 
 receiving £20 a year during her life. 
 
 1756 February 2. 
 
 Mrs. Ann Cannon, of Romford, Widow, aged 60, paid the 
 Company £200, for an annuity of £15 per annum during her 
 life. 
 
252 
 
 1784 October 18. 
 
 That the thanks of the Company be given to Tho^ 
 King (Clerk of the Company) for his present of Six China 
 Bowls, with the Company's Coat of Arms thereon/' 
 
 These Bowls form a set, measuring from 10 to 20 inches in 
 diameter, they have a deep gold border, and are ornamented 
 with roses and pines. Upon the authority of Mr. Chaffers, 
 author of Marks and Monograms on Pottery and Porcelam, 
 they are from the Manufactory at Lowestoft, which was 
 founded in 1757 and closed in 1802. 
 
 1802 May^. 
 
 Extract from the Will of the above Mr. King : I give to 
 the Master and Wardens of the Founders' Company, the sum 
 of Fifty Pounds, to be distributed amongst Ten of the poor of 
 the Company, on the 21^* day of December next ; also to each 
 Member of the Court of Assistants, being such at my decease, 
 £2foraEing." 
 
 Ten poor widows received £4 14s. each, £3 being paid for 
 duty. 
 
 1824 Extract from the Will of William Bond, late Clerk to the 
 Company, who died 28th July, 1824, leaving Sophia Wood- 
 cock and Charlotte Woodcock, Spinsters, Executors — 
 
 I request the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants 
 of the worshipful Company of Founders, to accept the donation 
 of a Ring each. I give to the Court of Assistants the sum of 
 £1000 in trust, to pay the interest thereof to the said Sophia 
 and Charlotte Woodcock during their lives, and after the death 
 of the survivor, in further trust, to pay £40 of the said interest 
 to four young men, who have served their time of Apprentice- 
 ship to a free Founder — Ten pounds each ; the remaining Ten 
 pounds to be applied towards refreshments on the day of 
 opening the Poor Box, or on any other day the Court may 
 appoint. If four young men do not yearly apply, the lapsed 
 £10 to be applied as the Court may direct, after paying the 
 ; Clerk for his attendance." 
 
 i 
 
253 
 
 1829 February 5. 
 
 The Founder's Charitable Fund. 
 
 At the suggestion of the Master, Thomas Mears, Esq., a 
 Committee was appointed to consider of the most eligible mode 
 of raising a Fund for the relief of the distressed and deserving 
 Liverymen, and the Widows of Liverymen, of the Founders 
 Company, and upon their report — 
 
 At a Meeting of the Master, Wardens, and Court of 
 Assistants, held at the Hall, the 2nd April, 1829, 
 
 It was unanimously resolved : — 
 
 " That the Members of the Court do subscribe such sums as 
 they think fit, as the commencement of this Subscription, to 
 be paid to Messrs. Ladbroke, Gillman, & Co., Bankers, under 
 the title of ' The Founders' Charitable Fund,' and that the 
 aid and assistance of the Livery of the Company and others be 
 solicited, and that the whole Court be a Committee for that 
 purpose. 
 
 " That a clause for Donations by Will may be suggested, in 
 case any benevolent Member of the Company or others should 
 be disposed to assist the Fund by that means. 
 
 " Form of Bequest. 
 
 I give unto the Trustees for the time being, of a certain 
 voluntary Society, formed in the city of London, called ^ The 
 Founders' Charitable Fund,' the sum of Pounds 
 sterling, to be paid out of such part of my personal estate as 
 shall not consist of chattels real upon trust for the purposes of 
 the said institution, and for which the receipt of such Trustees 
 shall be a sufiicient discharge." 
 
 " Devizes of Land, or of money charged on Land, or to be 
 laid out in Lands or Tenements, or secured on Mortgage of 
 Lands are void ; but Money or Stock may be given by Will, if 
 not directed to be so charged, laid out, or secured, as aforesaid. 
 
254 
 
 That all sums thus collected, should not be subject to the 
 debts and contingencies of the Company, but applicable only 
 to the charitable purposes proposed, and that the interest 
 arising therefrom, shall be distributed at such times as the 
 Court shall appoint, so as not to interfere with the usual 
 charitable distributions of the Company ; and that the principal 
 thus collected, be invested in the Bank Consols, in the names 
 of three members of the Court, whose names shall be replaced 
 by the Court as vacancies occur. 
 
 " That Annual Subscriptions be solicited, and paid into the 
 hands of the Master, to be invested in like manner as the 
 principal, but if any gentleman wishes to contribute for 
 immediate distribution, the sum so contributed shall be appro- 
 priated according to his intentions. 
 
 " That the Subscribers may have an opportunity of inspect- 
 ing the accounts, a book with the amount of the receipts and 
 disbursements shall be kept, which may be inspected by 
 application every Court day. 
 
 That these Resolutions be printed and sent to the Livery 
 and others, and also be presented to every new Member.'' 
 
 The following Subscriptions were announced. 
 
 COURT. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Robert Warner, Esq 100 0 0 
 
 John Warner, Esq 50 0 0 
 
 Thomas Mears, Esq 50 0 0 
 
 James Burrows, Esq 20 0 0 
 
 William Gillman, Esq. ... 20 0 0 
 
 John William Roper, Esq. 25 0 0 
 
 Robert Davies, Esq 5 5 0 
 
 John Gray, Esq 5 5 0 
 
 James Schooling, Esq. ... 10 10 0 
 
 John Stott, Esq 5 5 0 
 
 James Burrows, Jun. Esq. 10 10 0 
 
 William Borradaile, Esq. 25 0 0 
 
 326 15 0 
 
255 
 
 LIVERY. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Mr. W. E. Franks 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. Jolm Wniiams 10 10 0 
 
 Mr. John Jolinston 5 5 0 
 
 Mr. Charles Hawkes 1 11 6 
 
 Mr. J. H. Chapman 110 
 
 Mr. WilHam Devey 10 10 0 
 
 Mr. William Bruce 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. Davis, jun. ... 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. T. Bacon 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. Robert Death 6 0 0 
 
 Mr Thomas Williams 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. WilHam Christie 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. William Hems 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. Richard Evered 5 0 0 
 
 Messrs. Botten 10 0 0 
 
 Mr. W. J. HuiTell 5 5 0 
 
 Mr. David Simpson 2 2 0 
 
 Mr. Joseph Terry 110 
 
 Mr. Harry Terry 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. William Terry 1*1 0 
 
 Mr. Stephen Hale 2 2 0 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 Mr. W. Borradaile, Jun.... 110 
 
 Mr. G. M. Glascott 10 10 0 
 
 Mr. James Smith 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. Dillon 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. William Palmer 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. George Meadway 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. Thomas James 1 1 0 
 
 Mr. Wallis 10 0 0 
 
 Mr. John Sexton 5 5 0 
 
 Mr. Robert Warner, Exe- 
 cutor of Mr. Proud 18 0 0 
 
 Messrs. Barrett 10 0 0 
 
 Mr. B. Norris 110 
 
 Mr. J. Atkins 110 
 
 Mr. Moxon 1 0 0 
 
 Mr. John Burnell 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. Thomas Sadler 5 0 0 
 
 Mr. J.C.Stahlschmidt,Jun. 110 
 Small Sums 1 5 6 
 
 160 2 0 
 
 " Bye Laws. 
 
 That the interest arising from the principal of the said 
 fund, after deducting incidental charges, shall be distributed 
 twice in each year, viz. — the first Thursday in February, and 
 the first Thursday in August. 
 
 " That three pounds per annum shall be paid to each 
 Liveryman, or Widow, that may be admitted on the list, for 
 life, and to be continued to their Widows after their decease ; 
 but on no account shall any greater sum be paid without a 
 special order by the Court, with discretional power in the 
 Court to strike them off the list, should they in their after 
 situation in life be considered by the Court no longer eligible, 
 or from any gross misconduct. 
 
256 
 
 That should any Member of the Court, or his Widow, fall 
 into decayed circumstances, he or she shall be admitted on the 
 list the first vacancy, in preference to any other Liveryman or 
 Widow, and if more than one claimant, the Senior on the 
 Court or his Widow, shall be put on the list, such Member or 
 his Widow, to be allowed double the amount of the pension 
 given to a Liveryman so soon as the funds of the charity will 
 admit, and no other Member admitted until he or she shall 
 have the double allowance. 
 
 That the preference of others not on the Court (if of good 
 character) shall be given according to seniority of Liveryship 
 on the books, unless they shall have refused to serve such 
 ofiices as they may have been called on to serve, then those 
 who have served to be preferred, notwithstanding they may be 
 junior Liverymen, the same to apply to Widows as to the 
 Liveryship and services of their late husbands. 
 
 " That no Liveryman or Widow be eligible for election 
 under the age of sixty years, unless from any total disability, 
 and then by special order of the Court, nor shall any be 
 eligible whose incomes shall exceed twenty pounds per annum, 
 and Widows marrying again are no longer to be eligible. 
 
 " That no person shall receive this pension if they continue 
 on the poor's list of the Company. 
 
 " That no Member continuing to be a Member of the Court 
 of Assistants, be eligible to receive the pension allowed by this 
 Charity. 
 
 That no person be eligible to come on the list of the 
 Charitable Fund unless he pays his quarterage from the 
 present time. 
 
 That Members of this Company applying for rehef from 
 this fund are not eligible if they have received parochial relief 
 within six months of their application, and be no longer con- 
 tinued on the list whilst receiving parochial relief. 
 
 " That when the Trustees have enough money in hand to 
 purchase Fifty Pounds Stock, the same to be invested." 
 
257 
 
 1829 September 2i. 
 
 " That the thanks of this Court be given to Thomas Mears, 
 Esq., the Ex-Master, for his very great exertions, liberal 
 conduct, and indefatigable labours in promoting the best 
 interests of the Company, and instituting a subscription, by 
 which a Charitable Fund has been established for the relief of 
 the poor of this Company/' 
 
 The great interest which the Founder of the Charitable 
 Fund took in the prosperity of the Company is farther shown 
 in the minutes of the 18th October, 1847. 
 
 Eead a letter from Thomas Mears, Esq., tendering his 
 resignation as one of the Court of Assistants, in consequence 
 of his inability to attend the Courts, and assist in the business 
 of the Company from ill health and absence from London ; and 
 expressing his best wishes for the prosperity of every Member 
 of the Company, and that they might for many years continue 
 to witness the increasing prosperity of the Company, such a 
 prospect being the fruits of the care and prudence exercised by 
 the Court in the management of the property of the Company.'' 
 
 The resignation of Thomas Mears, Esq., being accepted, the 
 Court at once shewed their high appreciation of his services by 
 electing his son Charles Mears, Esq., in his place. 
 
 1835 ^(^rcf^ 25, 
 
 Fifty books — Affectionate Advice to Apprentices^ — with a 
 copper-plate engraving of the Arms of the Company, were 
 presented by Robert Davis, Esq., a Member of the Court, for 
 presentation to apprentices when bound at the Hall. 
 
 1837 Nove^^^ber 9. 
 
 A new pair of Colours was subscribed for by certain Members 
 of the Company, on the occasion of the Queen's visit to 
 Guildhall, at an expense of £45. The subscriptions amounting 
 to £47 — the balance £2 was given to the Charitable Fund. 
 
 s 
 
/ 
 
 \j 258 
 / 
 
 1846 February 5. 
 
 The following presents were reported from Members of the 
 Court, upon the opening of the New Hall — 
 
 Master, 
 
 W. T. Huggins, Esq. . .A large Damask Table Cloth. 
 
 TTardens. 
 
 S. Lowdell, Esq Two doz. Silver Table Forks. 
 
 C. Mears, Esq Six Silver Sauce Ladles. 
 
 Assistants, 
 
 J. Gray, Esq Two doz. Silver Table Spoons. 
 
 W. T. Roper, Esq A Plate Warmer. 
 
 J. Schooling, Esq One doz. Silver Table Forks. 
 
 W. Devey, Esq The Company's Arms over the 
 
 Entrance. 
 
 J. Burnell, Esq Two Silver Fish Slices. 
 
 W. E. Franks, Esq A China Tea Caddy. 
 
 W. Christie, Esq The Lamp in Court Room. 
 
 F. Bacon, Esq Six Silver Salt Cellars and Spoons 
 
 C. Botten, Esq Two Silver Soup Ladles and Two 
 
 Gravy Spoons. 
 
 J. Sexton, Esq One doz. Silver Tea Spoons. 
 
 "W. Hems, Esq One doz. Large and One doz. 
 
 Small Knives and Forks and 
 
 Carvers. 
 
 C. B. Warner, Esq A Cruet Stand and a Silver Waiter 
 
 Jtme 7. 
 
 Advertisements were ordered to be inserted in The Times and 
 Morning Chronicle requesting applications from decayed Livery- 
 men and their Widows as Pensioners on the Charitable Fund, 
 " Times, 9th and 11th July, Morning Advertiser, 9th, 11th 
 and 13th July.'' 
 
 1849 
 
259 
 
 1850 March 28, 
 
 Mr. Williams gave a Map of London in the time of 
 Queen Elizabeth ; — also in 1864 presented two photographs, 
 being different views of the Drinking Glass " the gift of 
 Richard Wioley, forwarded two copies to the Master and 
 Wardens, and to each Member of the Court, not forgetting the 
 Clerk and the Beadle. 
 
 1851 February 6. 
 
 The late Master and Wardens C. Mears, Esq., S. Foster, Esq. 
 and Gr. Mears, Esq., presented to the Court a Silver Snuff Box, 
 weighing 18 ozs., 15 dwts., with the Arms of the Company 
 engraved thereon. The thanks of the Court voted to them, 
 and a suitable inscription ordered to be engraved on the Box. 
 
260 
 
 THE OATH or EYEEY MEMBER OE THE COMPANY 
 OF FOUNDEES, LONDON. 
 
 TO U shall Swear that you will he Faithful and True to our 
 Sovereign Lady the Queen, and to her Heirs and Successors ; 
 You shall he True and Faithful to the Craft and Mystery 
 of Founders within the City of London ; and ahoays you 
 shall he ohedient unto the Master and Wardens of the said 
 Mystery or Company for the time being, in all Lawful 
 Things; You shall he ready to come to all manner of 
 Summons to yuu, to he given hy the Beadle of the said 
 Craft, or other Officer deputed thereunto, except you shall 
 have a lawful and sufficient Excuse, and in all things lawful 
 and reasonable you shall behave yourself as a Freeman of 
 this Company ought to do ; and all the lawful Secrets and 
 Counsel of this Mystery or Company, from time to time 
 you shall keep and not disclose ; and the Credit and lawful 
 Profit of this Company, to the utmost of your Skill, 
 Power, and Ability, you shall uphold and maintain ; all 
 the lawful Ordinances of this Mystery made, or hereafter 
 to he made, for the good Government and Rule of the same, 
 you shall keep and maintain to your utmost Power ; or else 
 in default thereof submit yourself to the Master, Wardens, 
 and Assistants, of this Mystery or Company, from time to 
 time to pay such just and reasonable Fine as hy the 
 Ordinance of this Mystery is prescribed to be paid, and in 
 every other thing befitting your Calling in the said Mystery 
 or Company you shall well, honestly, and obediently behave 
 yourself, 
 
 So HELP YOU GOD. 
 
261 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE APPRENTICES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 COMPANY OF FOUNDERS^ of the CITY OF LONDON. 
 
 YOU shall constantly and devoutly every Day, Morning and 
 Evening, on your knees, serve GOD, attending at the 
 publick service of the Church, and hearing of the Word 
 preached, and endeavour the right Practice thereof in your 
 life and conversation : You shall he diligent and faithful 
 in your Master'' s Service during the time of your Appren- 
 ticeship, and deal truly in what you shall be trusted : You 
 shall often read over the Covenants of your Indenture, 
 together with these Instructions, and endeavour to perform 
 the same to the utmost in your potver : You shall avoid all 
 evil Company, and all Occasions which may tend or draw 
 you to the same ; and make speedy Return when you shall 
 he sent on your Master* s and Mistresses Errands : You 
 shall avoid Idleness, and he ever employed in GOD'S 
 service, or ahout your Master's business : You shall he of 
 fair, gentle, and lowly Speech and Behaviour to all Men, 
 and especially to your Governors ; and avoid all manner 
 of Gaming, Cursing, Swearing, and Drunkenness ; and 
 according to your Carriage, you must expect your Good or 
 Evil from GOD and your Friends. 
 
262 
 
 of jFotttttrersi, Hontion — 2wJ Mat/, 1720. 
 
 On Private Days j ^^^^^ ^ J 00 03 06 
 
 / Company 01 01 06 \ 
 
 For every person made Free \ Clerk 00 02 06 / 
 
 By Eedemption 00 18 10 
 
 his Mark ) 
 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 
 To the Company 
 
 00 
 
 09 
 
 00 ^ 
 
 
 -L 0 ine vjierK . . . 
 
 uu 
 
 no 
 
 OA 1 
 
 UD \ 
 
 > 00 
 
 ffor the Duty .... 
 
 UU 
 
 AQ 
 
 Uo 
 
 AA i 
 UU \ 
 
 X 0 ine Deaciie . . . 
 
 uu 
 
 Ul 
 
 00 ^ 
 
 uu 
 
 
 rii 1 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 "1 
 
 
 
 uu 
 
 Ui 
 
 no 1 
 uu J 
 
 1 00 
 
 Company 
 
 01 
 
 01 
 
 06 N 
 
 
 
 UU 
 
 AO 
 
 Uz 
 
 A£J / 
 
 Uo I 
 
 > 01 
 
 Duty 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 00 j 
 
 Eeadle 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 00/ 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 13 
 
 04 > 
 
 
 Clerk 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 1 
 
 
 Tin f -17- 
 
 on 
 
 U^ 
 
 00 1 
 uu \ 
 
 > 00 
 
 
 yjyj 
 
 01 
 
 00 J 
 
 \J\J ' 
 
 
 Company 
 
 00 
 
 06 
 
 08 
 
 00 
 
 
 Uo 
 
 A A 
 UU 
 
 A A ' 
 
 UU 1 
 
 
 Clprk 
 
 \J\J 
 
 05 
 
 00 / 
 
 \)\J 1 
 
 > 08 
 
 
 uu 
 
 AO 
 
 C\CK ) 
 
 Uo ^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 A A V 
 
 UU ^ 
 
 
 
 on 
 uu 
 
 O'^ 
 UQ 
 
 00 ' 
 uu 
 
 10 
 
 T) ^ ,1 1 _ 
 
 A A 
 
 UU 
 
 AO 
 
 06 > 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 > 
 
 
 
 UU 
 
 A^; 
 UO 
 
 AA 
 UU 
 
 10 
 
 T> n 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 J 
 
 
 itnTrrnPTTv 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 00 \ 
 
 
 Clerk . 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 J 
 
 j 12 
 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 
 niprlr 
 
 on 
 
 uu 
 
 \jo 
 
 00 
 
 uu . 
 
 !.o 
 
 Beadle 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 j 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 9 
 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 00 ^ 
 
 Clerk 
 
 00 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 02 
 
 06 j 
 
 
 01 
 
 05 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 15 06 
 
 00 06 08 
 
 08 07 06 
 
 upon the Livery 
 
 For every person Fineing ) clerk...'. 00 05 00 ( 10 07 06 
 
 , 10 07 06 
 
 ffine if serve , 
 
 If not serve i Clerk 00 05 00 M 2 07 06 
 
 Ditto Upper Warden if serve J Clerk 00 05 00 | 10 07 06 
 
 07 06 
 
 Master's Fine if not serve... < Clerk 00 05 00 | -^^ 07 06 
 
 For every person Wed ) Oompanv 
 
 from the Hall ) 
 
 Besides Master, Wardens, and Clerk's services as given to other 
 
 persons. 
 
263 
 
 At a Court held 22nd December, 1825, the following prices 
 for adjusting and stamping Weights were ordered to be paid : — 
 
 Flat Weights. 
 
 2 ozs. down ... ... /4 per doz. 
 
 J-lb., i-lb., and 1-lb /6 „ 
 
 2-lb., 4-lb., and 7-lb 1/ 
 
 From 14-Ib. to 28-lb 6/ „ 
 
 56-lb. 1/ each. 
 
 Small Bell Weights. 
 
 1-lb. down ... ... ... ... ... /9 per doz. 
 
 56-lb. down in sets to |-oz. if common 5/, if engraved 7/6 „ 
 
 28-lb. down „ „ 3/6 „ 5/3 „ 
 
 From 14-lb. down „ „ 2/6 „ 3/9 „ 
 
 7-lb. down „ „ 1/6 „ 2/3 „ 
 
 4-lb. down „ „ 1/3 „ 2/ „ 
 
 Cup Weights. 
 
 Avoidupois. Troy. 
 
 256-oz. down to l^-oz. ... 3/6 per sett. 5/3 per sett. 
 
 121-oz. „ ... 2/6 „ 3/9 „ 
 
 64-oz. „ ... 1/6 „ 2/3 „ 
 
 32-oz. „ ... 1/ „ 1/6 „ 
 
 From 16-oz. „ ... /9 „ 1/3 „ 
 
 1- oz. „ ... /8 „ 1/ 
 4-oz. „ ... /7 „ /lO „ 
 
 2- oz. „ ... /6 „ /9 „ 
 1-oz. „ ... /6 „ /9 „ 
 
 NOTICE. 
 
 All brass Weights sent to this office to be adjusted and marked 
 must be brought as near the Standard Weights as under, or 
 the Beadle is ordered by the Court of Assistants to return them. 
 56-lb. and 28-lb not to exceed a i ounce. 
 
 14-lb. and 7-lb 2 drachms 
 
 4-lb., 2-lb., 1-lb, JandJ-lb.... ,, 1 drachm. 
 
 2-oz. and 1 oz ^ a drach. 
 
 i-oz. and J-oz., 2-drs. and 1-dr. 12 grains. 
 
264 
 
 The following are Special Articles referred to in the petition 
 of the Founders y page 17. 
 
 KEPYNG OF MASSE* 
 
 " Also be it ordeyned, that the Wardeyns of the said Crafte 
 yerely doo kepe a solemyne Masse of o^' lady the Sonday next 
 aft^ th' assumpcion of our lady in Seynt Margaret's Church in 
 Lothbury, or in some other convenyent place as shalbe thought 
 most expedient by the discrecion of the same Wardeyns, and 
 that all p^sones of the said Crafte as well in the Clothyng and 
 lyvery, as oute of the Clothyng and ly very shal at the warnyng 
 of the Bedyll of the same Crafte com to the said Masse and 
 ther offer after ther deyocyons." 
 
 SEYNT CLEMENT'S BRETHEEHED.f 
 Item — Be it ordeyned that ev'ry p'sone of the said Crafte 
 or Mystry of Founders shal obey to all good rule and ordjniance 
 
 * " A Priest was considered an indispensable part of all tlie fraternities. Many 
 of tlie Companies had a portion of the Church reserved for them, as has been 
 abeady stated with reference to the Founders (page 14) in the Chapel of St. 
 Clement, in the Church of St. Margaret, Lothbury. The Merchant Tailors, at 
 their Church of St. Martin Outwich, had a gallery expressly erected for them- 
 selves. In like manner the Fishmongers had an aisle set apart for them in 
 St. Michael's, Crooked Lane. Besides these duties we find mention made of 
 common prayer on Court days, according to the laudable custom of this land. 
 The prayer used on these occasions as recorded in the Fishmongers' Book, under 
 the year 1566, concludes in the following excellent manner : — * Merciful Father, 
 bless this Society and Brotherhood, and be present with us in all our councils, 
 that we may use them to Thy glory, and the discharge of our duties. Bless 
 and direct by Thy Holy Spirit all our actions and endeavours, and give us grace 
 faithfully and honestly to discharge the trust reposed in us, as well for our good 
 friends and brethren deceased, as any other way belonging to us, to the glory 
 of Thy holy name and peaceful comforts of our own souls, and good example 
 and incitements of others.' " — ICerhert, i. 183. 
 
 t In the middle ages, each trade or profession had at heart equally the care 
 of the soulb and bodies of its members. Under the influence of these principles 
 each collective trade usually chose the Blessed Virgin Mary, or one of the Saints 
 for its particular patron. Thus the Virgin was the patron of the Mercers, the 
 Drapers, the Skinners, and the Cloth workers ; St. Anthony of the Grocers ; 
 St. Peter of the Fishmongers ; St. Dunstan of the Goldsmiths ; St. John the 
 Baptist of the Merchant Tailors ; St. Catherine of the Haberdashers ; St. Law- 
 rence of the Ironmongers ; and so forth. 
 
265 
 
 of Clement Bretherhed founded and kepte in the p^'sshe 
 Church of Margaret in Lothbury, at all tymes when they 
 shalbe thereto warnyd by the Bedyll of the same Crafte, or of 
 the Masters of the said Bretherhed. And also ev'ry p^'sone of 
 the said Crafte pay towards the maynteynyng and upholdyng 
 of the same Bretherhed quarterly oon peny. And ev'ry p^sone 
 refusyng that to doo, and doyng contrary, to forfaite and paye 
 at ev'ry tyme yj^, the oon halfe thereof to be to th' use of the 
 Chambre of London, and the other halfe thereof to be to th' 
 use of the said Bretherhed of Seynt Clement.'' 
 
 The following are the Fees and Fines now received by the 
 Company, inclusive of the Government Stamp, and the pay- 
 ments to the Clerk and Beadle : — 
 
 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 Fee for Binding an Apprentice 
 
 4 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 „ for Turning Over an Apprentice 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 0 
 
 „ for Freedom by Servitude or Patrimony . 
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Freedom by Redemption . 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 Fine for the Livery . . . . . 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Steward 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Under Warden . . . . 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 „ for Upper Warden . . . . 
 
 15 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 „ on becoming a Member of the Court 
 
 31 
 
 10 
 
 0 
 
266 
 
 A List of the Ilembers of the Worshipful Company of Founders^ 
 
 July, 1867. 
 
 Master. 
 Kobert Warner, Esq. 
 
 Wardens. 
 
 Edward Baldock, Esq. | Edward Augustus Franks, Esq. 
 
 Court of Assistants. 
 
 4, Little Tower Street. 
 
 Thomas Moxon, Esq 
 
 29, Throgmorton Street. 
 
 William Christie, Esq 
 
 Myrtle Cottage, Wellington- 
 Road, Bow. 
 
 William Hems, Esq 
 
 23, Aldgate. 
 
 8, Crescent, Jewin Street. 
 James Moul, Esq 
 
 Mark Eagles Marsden, Esq. . 
 26, Budge Eow. 
 
 Highbury Crescent. 
 George Mears, Esq 
 
 1, Albert Villas, Bridge 
 Eoad West, Battersea. 
 John Christopher Christie, Esq. . 
 
 Thomas Oliver, Esq 
 
 11, Old Jewry Chambers 
 
 39, Oxford Street. 
 Eichard Farrell Dale, Esq. 
 
 8, Shoe Lane. 
 Gervas Parnell, Esq 
 
 on-the-hill. 
 Eobert Warner, Esq 
 
 8, Crescent, Jewin Street. 
 James Franks, Esq 
 
 ■ Freedom. 
 
 . 1818 
 
 Livery. 
 
 1824 
 
 steward. 
 
 1829 
 
 Warden. 
 
 1832 
 
 Assistant. 
 
 1834 
 
 1815 
 
 1815 
 
 1823 
 
 1834 
 
 1835 
 
 , 1822 
 
 1822 
 
 1831 
 
 1836 
 
 1839 
 
 1823 
 
 1823 
 
 1832 
 
 1842 
 
 1843 
 
 . 1833 
 
 1833 
 
 1838 
 
 1843 
 
 1845 
 
 1834 
 
 1837 
 
 1841 
 
 1847 
 
 1850 
 
 s 
 
 1832 
 
 1832 
 
 1837 
 
 1847 
 
 1850 
 
 . 1840 
 
 1840 
 
 1843 
 
 1848 
 
 1850 
 
 . 1841 
 
 1841 
 
 1842 
 
 1850 
 
 1852 
 
 . 1834 
 
 1835 
 
 1843 
 
 1852 
 
 1853 
 
 e 
 
 . 1845 
 
 1845 
 
 1849 
 
 1852 
 
 1853 
 
 . 1848 
 
 1848 
 
 1850 
 
 1853 
 
 1859 
 
 . 1848 
 
 1848 
 
 1851 
 
 1853 
 
 1861 
 
 . 1842 
 
 1842 
 
 1853 
 
 1857 
 
 1863 
 
 . 1842 
 
 1853 
 
 1855 
 
 1859 
 
 1865 
 
 . 1853 
 
 e 
 
 1853 
 
 1855 
 
 1860 
 
 1865 
 
267 
 
 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF LIVERYMEN. 
 
 Ackland, William 
 Aitchison, Frederick 
 Aitchison, George 
 Austin, Thomas 
 Eadham, George 
 Baldock, Edward 
 Berry, George • 
 Birt, Henry 
 
 Boosey, William Henry 
 Boughey, George 
 Bridgewater, Edward 
 Bruty, W. J. 
 Burnell, George 
 Burton, Edwin 
 Chambers, William Edward 
 Chapman, J. H. 
 Chase, J. J. C. 
 Cheffins, P. E. 
 Christian, Richard May 
 Church, Jabez 
 Cockerell, G. J. 
 Cockerell, George R. 
 Cockrell, Alfred 
 Cole, Richard John 
 Cooper, Henry 
 Cornell, Martin 
 Crane, Joseph 
 Crowther, Joseph 
 Dale, John 
 Devey, Charles Hill 
 Dillon, John 
 Dixon, Ebenezer 
 Dixon, J. W. 
 Dixon, Matthew 
 Dixon, Robert S. 
 Easto, Thornton G. 
 Egg, Henry D. 
 Farley, Albert E. 
 Forrest, George E. 
 Fowler, William C. 
 Franks, Edward A. 
 Franks, Walter J. 
 Franks, William E. 
 Franks, Joseph Fletcher 
 Franks, Ebenezer 
 Gold, John 
 Goslee, Charles H. 
 Grimes, Robert G. 
 Harris, Charles 
 Harris, Frederick A. 
 Heath Henry H. 
 Holland, Joseph W. 
 Huggins, Henry 
 Jepson, Octavius 
 
 Kimber, Edward 
 Lawrence, Jc W. 
 Joinder, Samuel 
 Lloyd, John C. 
 Lyall, James B. 
 Macdowall, John 
 Marsh, Henry E. 
 Martin, J. B. 
 Martin, Samuel 
 Meadway, George 
 Metcalf, Edward Coveney 
 Metcalf, Edward Charles 
 Millard, Charles P. 
 Moxon, John 
 Norton, William Joseph 
 Pawle, John 
 Peek, Francis 
 Peek, Richard 
 Piper, Thomas 
 Pritchett, Francis 
 Pritchett, John T. 
 Pritchett, John T., Jun. 
 Reddall, WiUiam 
 Roberts, Thomas Aitkin 
 Robinson, Crescens 
 Robinson, Josiah 
 Saunders, James 
 SiUifant, Edward 
 Simpson, David 
 Stahlschmidt, J. C. L. 
 Stanley, John 
 Taylor, G. A. 
 Tetley, John Edward 
 Thomas, Joseph 
 Todd, Frederick 
 Trehonnais, Frederick de la 
 Yaughan, Edward B. 
 Vivanti, Anselmo 
 Wales, ThoiMaBl^o>ev'l' 
 Walker, Edmund W. 
 Walker, Micajah H. 
 Warner, Charles 
 Warner, Compton 
 Warner, Metford 
 Warner, Robert G. 
 Watson, John H. 
 Wells, Algernon 
 White, William 
 Williams, Richard Westall 
 Wood, William Turner 
 Woodcock, Richard J. 
 Youle, William 
 Zanzi, Alexander 
 
268 
 
 LIVERYMEN. 
 
 Those marked S hai^e paid the Steward'' s Fine. 
 
 Freedom. 
 20 Feb. 1810 
 
 Livery. 
 20 Mar. 1810 
 
 
 Lloyd, John Cressy, 
 
 Potten, Bedfordshire. 
 
 25 Sept. 
 
 1811 
 
 25 Sept. 
 
 1811 
 
 S 
 
 Moxon, John, 
 
 8, Hanover Terrace, Regent's Park. 
 
 7 April, 
 
 1812 
 
 2 Aug. 
 
 1816 
 
 S 
 
 Simpson, David, 
 Exeter. 
 
 4 Nov. 
 
 1816 
 
 4 Nov. 
 
 1816 
 
 
 Dixon, Matt., 
 
 Bexley Heath, Kent. 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1818 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1818 
 
 
 Chase, J. J. C, 
 
 Uitenhage, Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 13 Oct. 
 
 1819 
 
 13 Oct. 
 
 1819 
 
 
 Boughey, George, 
 
 22, Mincing Lane. 
 
 5 June, 
 
 1820 
 
 26 Sept. 
 
 1825 
 
 s 
 
 Chapman, John Henry, 
 
 Freemantle Square, Bristol. 
 
 7 Aug. 
 
 1820 
 
 7 Aug. 
 
 1820 
 
 s 
 
 Meadway, George, 
 Croydon. 
 
 4 Mar. 
 
 1822 
 
 4 Mar. 
 
 1822 
 
 
 Lawrence, James "WiUiam, 
 Victoria Park. 
 
 1 July, 
 
 1822 
 
 1 July, 
 
 1822 
 
 s 
 
 Egg, Henry Durrs, 
 
 5, Eoman Road, Old Ford. 
 
 18 Oct. 
 
 1822 
 
 18 Oct. 
 
 1822 
 
 s 
 
 Lyall, James Baxter, 
 
 Swan Brewery, Chelsea. 
 
 2 Aug. 
 
 1824 
 
 2 Aug. 
 
 1824 
 
 
 Goslee, C. H., 
 
 Chiswell Street. 
 
 12 Oct. 
 
 1826 
 
 12 Oct. 
 
 1826 
 
 s 
 
 Dillon, John, 
 
 31, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington 
 
 13 Jan. 
 
 1835 
 
 13 Jan, 
 
 1835 
 
 s 
 
 Martin, Samuel, 
 Lime Street. 
 
 2 June, 
 
 1836 
 
 2 Nov. 
 
 1837 
 
 s 
 
 Youle, William, 
 
 Shepherd's Lane, Brixton. 
 
 3 Feb. 
 
 1853 
 
 ♦ 3 Feb. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Cole, Richard John 
 
 11, Pembridge Gardens, Bays water. 
 
269 
 
 Freedom. 
 21 Mar. 1853 
 
 Livery. 
 21 Mar. 1853 
 
 S 
 
 Baldock, Edward, 
 
 154, Westbom-ne Terrace. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 
 Crane, Joseph, 
 
 Commercial Road East. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 
 Dixon, Ebenezer, 
 
 Providence "Wharf, Belvedere- 
 Road, Lambeth. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Dixon, Robert Stainton, 
 Upper Tulse Hill. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 MacDowall, John, 
 Friday Street. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Easto, Thornton George, 
 
 146, Upper Thames Street. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Franks, Edward Augustus, 
 28, Mincing Lane. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Franks, William Evan, 
 4, Little Tower Street. 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 21 Mar. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Millard, Charles Paul, 
 37, Crutched Friars. 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1853 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Cockrell, Alfred, 
 
 37, Upper Thames Street. 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Pritchett, John Thomas, 
 131, Fenchurch Street. 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 
 Pritchett, John Thomas, Jun., 
 131, Fenchurch Street. 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 20 June, 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Metcalf, Edward Coveney, 
 74, Mark Lane. 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 20 June, 
 
 1853 
 
 
 Harris, Charles, 
 
 15, Fenchurch Street. 
 
 1 Aug. 
 
 1853 
 
 1 Aug. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Holland, Joseph William, 
 
 Birley House, Forest Hill. 
 
 26 Sept. 
 
 1853 
 
 26 Sept. 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Austin, Thomas, 
 
 Reid's Brewery, Liquorpond Street. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1853 
 
 29 Oct 
 
 1853 
 
 s 
 
 Fowler, Wm. Cave, 
 
 16, Alder sgate btreet. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1853 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1853 
 
 
 Thomas, Joseph, 
 
 6, Stratford Green. 
 
 4 Dec. 
 
 1854 
 
 4 Dec. 
 
 1854 
 
 
 Aitchison, Frederick, 
 
 6, Muscovy Court, Irmity Square. 
 
 3 Sept 
 
 1855 
 
 3 Sept. 
 
 1855 
 
 s 
 
 Burnell, George, 
 
 Rook's Nest, Banstead, Surrey. 
 
 24 Sept 
 
 1855 
 
 24 Sept. 
 
 1855 
 
 s 
 
 Forrest, George Edward, 
 
 Nevill's Court, Fetter Lane. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1855 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1855 
 
 s 
 
 Aitchison, George, 
 
 6, Muscovy Court, Trinity Square. 
 
270 
 
 Freedom. 
 
 4 Aug. 1856 
 
 29 Oct. 1856 
 
 2 Feb. 1857 
 
 2 Feb. 1857 
 
 28 Sept. 1857 
 7 June, 1858 
 
 27 Sept 1858 
 
 27 Sept. 1858 
 
 29 Oct. 1858 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 
 2 May, 1859 
 
 1 Aug. 1859 
 
 6 Aug. 1860 
 
 4 Feb. 1861 
 
 6 May, 1861 
 
 129 July, 1861 
 
 29 July, 1861 
 
 5 Aug. 1861 
 
 Livery. 
 
 4 Aug. 1856 
 
 29 Oct. 1856 
 
 2 Feb. 1857 
 
 2 Feb. 1857 
 
 28 Sept. 1857 
 7 June, 1858 
 
 27 Sept. 1858 
 
 27 Sept. 1858 
 
 29 Oct. 1858 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 7 Feb. 1859 
 
 2 May, 1859 
 
 1 Aug. 1859 
 
 6 Aug. 1860 
 
 4 Feb. 1861 
 
 6 May, 1861 
 
 29 July, 1861 
 
 29 July, 1861 
 
 5 Aug. 1861 
 
 Peek, Richard, 
 Brighton. 
 
 Pritchett, Francis, 
 
 131, Fenchurch Street. 
 
 Marsh, Henry Edward, 
 54, Cannon Street. 
 
 Heath, Henry Hodsoll, 
 
 39, Great Tower Street. 
 
 Walker, Micajah Hilditch, 
 13, St. S within' s Lane. 
 
 Grimes, Robert Green, 
 
 Fieldgate Street, Whitechapel. 
 
 Stahlschmidt, John Charles Lett, 
 17, Crowhurst Road, Brixton. 
 
 Woodcock, Richard James, 
 
 16, Fish Street HHl. 
 
 Walker, Edmund William, 
 13, St. S within' s Lane. 
 
 Berry, George, 
 
 41, St. Mary-at-Hill. 
 
 Cockerell, George Joseph, 
 13, Cornhill. 
 
 Cockerell, George Russell, 
 13, Cornhill. 
 
 Franks, Walter James, 
 
 40, Queen Street, E.C. 
 
 Linder, Samuel, 
 
 3, Corbet Court, Gracechurcli 
 Street. 
 
 Farley, Albert Edmund, 
 79, Tower Street. 
 
 Vaughan, Edward Bates, 
 Founder's Hall. 
 
 Warner, Compton, 
 
 8, Crescent, Jewin Street. 
 
 Piper, Thomas, 
 
 15 and 16, Gough Square, Fh 
 Street. 
 
 Watson, John Harman, 
 
 Jerusalem Coffee House. 
 
 White, William, 
 
 9, St. Mary-at-Hill. 
 
 Harris, Frederick Augustus, 
 
 17, Silver Street, Wood Street. 
 
 Birt, Henry, 
 
 21, Mincing Lane. 
 
271 
 
 Freedom. Livery. 
 
 23 Sept. 
 
 1861 
 
 23 Sept. 
 
 1861 
 
 S 
 
 Warner, Robert Greenwood, 
 8, Crescent, Jewin Street. 
 
 2 June, 
 
 1862 
 
 2 June, 
 
 1862 
 
 s 
 
 Burton, Edwin, 
 
 39, Oxford Street. 
 
 4 Aug. 
 
 1862 
 
 4 Aug. 
 
 1862 
 
 
 Cheffins, Percy Ellis, 
 Botolph Lane. 
 
 4 Aug. 
 
 1862 
 
 4 Aug. 
 
 1862 
 
 s 
 
 Bridgewater, Edward, 
 
 6, College Hill, Highbury Park North 
 
 1 Dec. 
 
 1862 
 
 1 Dec. 
 
 1862 
 
 s 
 
 Devey, Charles Hill, 
 6, Mincing Lane. 
 
 1 Dec. 
 
 1862 
 
 1 Dec. 
 
 1862 
 
 
 Crowther, Joseph, 
 
 67, Upper Thames Street. 
 
 5 Jan. 
 
 1863 
 
 5 Jan. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Chambers, William Edward, 
 40, Seething Lane. 
 
 5 Jan. 
 
 1863 
 
 5 Jan. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Wood, WiUiam Turner, 
 
 13, Upper Ground St., Blackfriars. 
 
 2 Mar. 
 
 1863 
 
 2 Mar. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Dale, John, 
 
 18 and 19, Chiswell Street. 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Norton, William Joseph, 
 Sutton, Surrey. 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 s 
 
 Franks, Joseph Fletcher, 
 4, Tower Street. 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 4 May, 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Franks, Ebenezer, 
 
 28, Mincing Lane. 
 
 3 Aug. 
 
 1863 
 
 3 Aug. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Koberts, ihomas Aitkm, 
 9, Billiter Street. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Eobinson, Crescens, 
 
 79, Upper Thames Street. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Saunders, James, 
 
 6, Mincing Lane. 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1863 
 
 
 Stanley, John, 
 
 14, Camden Grove, Peckham. 
 
 1 Feb. 
 
 1864 
 
 1 Feb. 
 
 1864 
 
 
 Badham, George, 
 
 40, Queen Street, Cheapside. 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1864 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1864 
 
 
 Boosey, William Henry, 
 40, St. Mary-at-Hill. 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1864 
 
 2 May, 
 
 1864 
 
 
 Yivanti, Anselmo, 
 
 15, St. Mary Axe. 
 
 1 Aug. 
 
 1864 
 
 1 Aug. 
 
 1864 
 
 
 Metcalf, Edward Charles, 
 74, Mark Lane. 
 
 1 May, 
 
 1865 
 
 1 May, 
 
 1865 
 
 
 Wells, Algernon, 
 Founders' Hall. 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 
 Eobinson, Josiah, 
 
 51, Old Broad Street. 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 
 Tetley, John Edward, 
 3, Mincing Lane. 
 
272 
 
 Freedom. 
 31 July, 1865 
 
 Livery. 
 31 July, 1865 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 31 July, 
 
 1865 
 
 25 Sept. 
 
 1865 
 
 25 Sept. 
 
 1865 
 
 25 Sept. 
 
 1865 
 
 29 Sept. 
 
 1865 
 
 30 Oct. 
 
 1865 
 
 30 Oct. 
 
 1865 
 
 30 Oct. 
 
 1865 
 
 30 Oct. 
 
 1865 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Feb. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Mar. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Mar. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Mar. 
 
 1866 
 
 5 Mar. 
 
 1866 
 
 7 May, 
 
 1866 
 
 7 May, 
 
 1866 
 
 6 Aug. 
 
 1866 
 
 6 Aug. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 29 Oct. 
 
 1866 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Feb. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Mar. 
 
 1867 
 
 4 Mar. 
 
 1867 
 
 17 April, 
 
 1867 
 
 17 April, 
 
 1867 
 
 6 May, 
 
 1867 
 
 6 May, 
 
 1867 
 
 Zanzi, Alexander, 
 
 9d, New Broad Street. 
 
 Christian, Richard May, 
 7, Cross Lane. 
 
 Cornell, Martin, 
 
 15, St. Paul's Churchyard. 
 
 Eeddall, WilHam, 
 
 15, South Street, Finsbury. 
 
 Warner, Charles, 
 Enfield. 
 
 AYamer, Metford, 
 Stratford. 
 
 Trehonnais, Frederick de la, 
 
 6, Martin's Lane, Cannon Street. 
 
 Sillifant, Edwin, 
 
 60, Threadneedle Street. 
 
 Taylor, George Augustus, 
 27, Change Alley. 
 
 Dixon, James "Willis, Jun., 
 37, Ludgate Hill. 
 
 Jepson, Octavius, M.D., 
 Stone, Greenhithe. 
 
 Huggins, Henry, 
 
 Gordon House, Kentish Town. 
 
 Cooper, Henry, 
 
 20, Moor Street, Soho. 
 
 Church, Jabez, 
 
 Springfield Eoad, Chelmsford. 
 
 Gold, John, 
 
 45, Couper Eoad, Stoke Newington. 
 
 Martin, John Bowen, 
 
 1 6, Wellington Eoad, Stoke New- 
 ington . 
 
 / 
 
 Williams, Eichard W estall, 
 
 51, Eupert Street, Haymarket, 
 
 Bruty, William John, . 
 
 6, Tokenhouse Yard. ^ 
 
 Wales, Eobert, 
 
 28, Fenchurch Street. 
 
 Peek, Francis, 
 
 23, Eood Lane. 
 
 Pawle, John Christopher, 
 
 7, New Inn, Strand. 
 
 Kimber, Edward, 
 
 West Harding Street, Fetter Lane. 
 
 Todd, Frederick, 
 
 6, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall. 
 
 Ackland William, 
 
 7, Dover Terrace, Cold Harbour 
 Lane, Camberwell, 
 
273 
 
 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF FREEMEN. 
 
 Austing, James 
 Barrett, Hemy 
 Earrett, Richard 
 Bastick, Thomas 
 Busher, Henry 
 Crowfoot, John 
 Deacon, T. W. 
 Gayton, Benjamin 
 Gayton, H. H. 
 Glascott, T. T. 
 Granger, T. D. 
 Granger, T. D., Jun. 
 Granger, J. J. 
 Gray, Henry 
 Gray, John 
 Grenfell, G. St. L. 0. 
 Hooper, J. J. 
 
 Hurrell, William 
 Little, Burgess 
 Mathie, J. C. 
 Mundin, W. T. 
 Nettleton, Thomas 
 Nutt, William 
 Phillips, Paul 
 Pontifex, William 
 Ridgway, Thomas 
 Robertson, John 
 Sinnott, William 
 Snowden, W. S. 
 Stott, John 
 Sylvester, William 
 Terry, Joseph 
 Terry, Thomas 
 Yates, James 
 
 T 
 
274 
 
 FREEMEN. 
 
 20 May, 1814 
 27 November, 1817 
 
 2 August, 
 
 30 March, 
 
 2 March, 
 4 May, 
 1 June, 
 
 1821 
 
 1824 
 
 1827 
 
 10 May, 
 
 4 December, 1828 
 
 5 February, 1829 
 23 September, 1833 
 
 3 March, 1836 
 
 26 September, 1836 
 
 3 November, 1836 
 
 2 February, 1837 
 
 2 February, 1837 
 
 1837 
 1837 
 1837 
 
 2 November, 1837 
 
 Pontifex, William, 
 Shoe Lane. 
 
 Sylvester, "William, 
 Yorkshire. 
 
 Bastick, Thomas, 
 
 2 and 23, Holywell Row, Curtain Road. 
 
 Sinnott, William, 
 
 Pedlar's Acre, Lambeth. 
 
 Nutt, William, 
 
 11, Craven Buildings, Drury Lane. 
 
 Gayton, Henry Hammond, 
 Hosier Lane. 
 
 Gray, John. 
 
 Robertson, John, 
 
 42, Brook Street, Lambeth. 
 
 Crowfoot, John, 
 
 Chigwell Row. 
 
 Ridgway, Thomas, 
 
 5, King William Street, City. 
 
 Terry, Joseph, 
 
 Clapham. 
 
 Barrett, Henry, 
 
 King's Head Court, Beech Street. 
 
 Glascott, Thomas T., 
 
 Melbourne, Australia. 
 
 Mathie, John Charles, 
 
 81, Tower Street. 
 
 Granger, John James, 
 Deptford. 
 
 Austing, James, 
 
 48, Cowper Street, City Road. 
 
 Little, Burgess. 
 
275 
 
 G June, 1839 
 
 4 July, 1839 
 
 5 December, 1839 
 23 December, 1839 
 
 5 November, 1840 
 
 7 January, 1841 
 
 8 February, 1841 
 1 April, 1841 
 
 1 April, 1843 
 7 August, 1845 
 
 18 October, 1845 
 
 13 November, 1845 
 
 7 May, 1846 
 
 4 February, 1847 
 
 4 October, 1849 
 
 2 May, 1850 
 29 September, 1862 
 
 Deacon, T. W., 
 
 39, Collier Street, Pentonville. 
 
 Granger, Thomas Digby, 
 Billingsgate. 
 
 Phillips, Paul, 
 
 17i, Addle Street. 
 
 Barrett, Richard, 
 
 13, Mark Lane. 
 
 Grenfell, George St. Leger Ommannoy. 
 
 Nettleton, Thomas, 
 
 75, Farringdon Street. 
 
 Hooper, J. J., 
 
 Brewhouse Yard, St. John Street. 
 
 Terry, Thomas, 
 
 Clapham. 
 
 Busher, Henry, 
 
 Reading. 
 
 Gayton, Benjamin, 
 
 86, Cow Cross Street. 
 
 Stott, John, 
 
 Yorkshire. 
 
 Snowdon, William Smith, 
 Yarmouth. 
 
 Hurrell, William, 
 
 66, Houndsditch. 
 
 Mundin, W. T., 
 
 38, Bowling Green Lane. 
 
 Gray, Henry, 
 
 13, Throgmorton Street. 
 
 Yates, James, 
 
 95, Upper Thames Street. 
 
 Granger, Thomas Digby, Jun., 
 35, Trafalgar Square. 
 
 ALGERNON WELLS, Clerk. 
 EDWARD BATES YAUGHAN, Beadle. 
 
^rtns of tije SEorsijipM Compans of Jounto. 
 
3 
 
 GRANT OF ARMS TO THE FOUNDERS' COM- 
 PANY BY ROBERT COOKE, CLARENCEUX, 
 13 OCTOBER, 1590 * 
 
 To all and singuler-\ aswell Nobles and gentilz as others to 
 whome these presentes shall come be seene heard read or vnder- 
 stood Robert Cooke Esquire alias Clarencieulx Kinge of Armes 
 and principall heralde of the East West and Southe partes of 
 this Realme of England Sendithe due com'endations. Forasmoche 
 as Auncientlj from the beginninge the valyent and vertuous 
 actes of excellent persons haue ben com'ended to the world with 
 sondrey monumentes and rememberances of their good deseartes, 
 Emongest the which the chiefest and most vsuall hath ben 
 the bearinge of signes and tokens in shildes called Armes beinge 
 none other thinges then euydences and demonstracions of prowes 
 and yaluor diuersly distributed accordinge to the qualities and 
 deseartes of the persons. To the entent that suche as haue 
 done com'endable seruice to their prince or Countrey either in 
 warre or peace or otherwise by the Lawedable and Couragious 
 enterprice or procedinges of any person or persons in the aug- 
 mentacion of the estate or com'on wealth of their Realme or 
 Countrey, myght theirby bothe receaue due honor in their lyues 
 and also deriue the same successiuely to their posteritie and suc- 
 cessours after them. And whereas the Company of the arte and 
 misterie of the Founders of the Citie of London are Incorpo- 
 ratyd by the name of three Wardens and Comynaltye and that 
 they shall haue a perpetuall succession, they have therefore re- 
 quired me the said Clarencieulx Kinge of Armes to assigne 
 vnto them suche Armes and Creast as they maye Lawefully 
 beare without offence of any other person or persons. Where- 
 uppon consideringe their request to be reasonable and accordinge 
 to the auncient orders of the Lawes of Armes, I haue thought by 
 vertue of my Office to assigne vnto them these Armes and Creast 
 
 * Copied from the original document in the possess^ion of the Worshipful 
 Company of Founders. 
 
 t The words in italics are written in red ink in the original grant. 
 
4 
 
 hereafter Polowinge, That is to saye the field azure a Lauerpott 
 betwene two taper Candelstickes gold. And to the Creast vppon 
 the healme on a wreathe golde and azure a fejrye furnes proper 
 out of the cloudes proper two Armes the hands earnat the sleues 
 azure holdinge a payer of Closingtonges sables takinge holde of 
 a meltyngpott proper manteled gules doubled siluer as more 
 playnley appereth depicted in the margent. To haue and to holde 
 the sayd Armes and Creast to Robert Waldo James Lambert 
 and Thomas Jackson now wardens of the sayde Company, and to 
 their successours in lyke place and Ofiice, and to all the Com'y- 
 naltye of the Founders of the Citie of London, and they the 
 same to vse beare and shewe foorthe for euer, in all places for the 
 credite of the same Company in shield standard Banner Pennon 
 or otherwayes at their libertye and pleasure, accordinge to the 
 Auncient Lawes of Armes, without ympediment lett or interrup- 
 tion of any person or persons. In witness whereof I the said 
 Clarencieulx Kinge of Armes haue sett hereunto my hande and 
 Seale of Office the xiij*^ daye of October in the yere of our Lord 
 Grod 1590 and in the xxxij^^ yere of the reigne of our most gra- 
 cious Souuereigne Lady Elizabeth by the grace of god Queene 
 of England Fraunce and Ireland defender of the faithe. 
 
 EoB^ Cooke Alias Clarencieulx 
 Roy D armes. 
 
 Viewed approved and entred in the Visitation of London 1634. 
 
 Hen. S"^ GtEORGE Richmond. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Aldermen, Court of, irregularities in the 
 Company of Founders, to be enquired 
 into, 129 
 
 Court of, Report thereon, 
 
 130, 131 
 
 Master and Wardens to attend 
 
 and bring- all their books, 131, 137 
 
 No one hereafter to be ad- 
 mitted to the Freedom of the City in 
 this Company, 132 
 
 on submission the above order 
 
 repealed, and the Books restored, 133, 
 137 
 
 Alien Borne selling goods to be com- 
 mitted, 61 
 
 Allegiance and Supremacy, Oaths to be 
 
 taken, 117 
 America, Subscription for Relief of 
 
 Widows and Orphans of Soldiers, 
 
 158 
 
 Anniversary, 500th, to be celebrated, 186 
 Apprentices, 6, 13, 17, 80, 114, 115, 
 
 169, 172 
 
 sent to Newgate, 48 
 
 Man not Apprenticed, only 
 
 to go Arrants, or do drudgery, 81 
 
 Apprentices Married, warning given 
 that he is not to be employed, 91 
 
 all turned over to be brought 
 
 to Foimders' Hall, 92 
 
 made Free, part of the term 
 
 of his service having been in the Par- 
 liamentary Army, 101 
 
 Female made Free, 148 
 
 refusal to bind until quar- 
 terage is paid, 158 
 
 ^Affectionate Advice' to, 257 
 
 instructions for, 261 
 
 fees for binding, &c., 265 
 
 Arbitration as to abusive words, 84, 103 
 Armourers' Hall, 47 
 Arms, grant of, 75, 277 
 
 embroidering thereof, 139, 142 
 
 of the Company, adopted in Cape 
 
 Colony, 183 ' 
 
 of Commonwealth, 112 
 
 of Charles II., 113 
 
 Assessments on Companies, 220, 221, 
 
 222, 230 
 Assistants, first mentioned, 15 
 
 none to be elected unless first 
 
 been Steward, 95 
 
282 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Assistants, fined for misbehaviour, 96, 
 146 
 
 having lived 27 years un- 
 known to the Company, from the day 
 he was admitted to the freedom, was 
 chosen Assistant and paid his Stew- 
 ard's fine, 112 
 
 to give gloves, 127 
 
 four to be admitted, 139 
 
 not to sit in the Court until 
 
 they have paid their fines, 139 
 
 enemies to the court, 140 
 
 the whole court to have free 
 
 choice in election of the Master, 140 
 
 orders of court to be entered 
 
 in a book, 140 
 
 dismissed, 142, 144, 147, 175 
 
 not to be put in nomination 
 
 for any office, 144 
 to be prosecuted for non- 
 attendance, 145 
 
 not to mention what has been 
 
 said or done out of the court, 146 
 
 fined for departing without 
 
 leave, 146 
 
 to receive one shilling for 
 
 attendance, 147 
 
 paid quarterage, which was 
 
 returned to them, 149 
 
 to be taken on, to defray ex- 
 penses of the Company, 149 
 
 six of the Livery to be called 
 
 on the Court, 150 
 
 to be excused attendance if 
 
 residing beyond a twelve-penny stage 
 coach fare, 153 
 
 resigned on being chosen Bea- 
 dle, 155 
 
 Charter to be read yearly to 
 
 them, 156 
 
 may invite a friend on pay- 
 ment, 160, 164 
 
 requested to resign, 161, 163, 
 
 168, 171 
 
 Assistants, resigned, 179 
 
 fine for serving, 183 
 
 Assumption, feast of the, 11 
 Audit, 1703, 141 
 
 — form of, 93 
 
 dinner, 123, 128, 147 
 
 Auditors of Accompte, 64 
 
 to be four good and able men, 
 
 143 
 
 disallowed payment by Mas- 
 ter, 196 
 
 Augustine, St., Monastery, 192 
 Austin, M., fined for confining a man 
 
 to work in a buckle casters' house, 83 
 Aylmer, Sir Lawrence, award of, 14 
 Bakers, the Brown, Company, 198 
 
 gift, 245 
 
 Bankers appointed, 168 
 
 Banners, staves, and streamers, 94 
 
 Barge, hire of, 47, 49, 56 
 
 Beadle, wages of, 57, 64, 119, 122, 156, 
 
 163 
 
 dismissed, 129, 180 
 
 pawned the staff head, 141 
 
 gown, expense of, 142 
 
 staff head and gown to be left 
 
 in charge of Clerk, 142 
 gown, staff, and hood, to be left 
 
 in the custody of, 146 
 
 to give security, 148 
 
 allowances to, 154 
 
 allowance for sizing weights, 
 
 165 
 
 widow, pension to, 167 
 
 to attend Guildhall, 171 
 
 to attend dinners, 172 
 
 staff, gift of a, 250 
 
 Bell, curfew, 58 
 Beme lyght, 54 
 
 Bond, William, bequest of, 252 
 
 ring to each Member of 
 
 Court, 252 
 Boulogne, siege of, 247 
 Bowin's, Humphry, spoon, 245 
 
INDEX. 
 
 283 
 
 Bowmen, 214 
 
 Brass wares not to be hawked about the 
 
 streets, 103 
 Brass work not to be filled up with lead, 
 
 98 
 
 not to be made up for non- 
 Freemen, 98 
 
 Breakfast on Lord Mayor's Day, 121, 
 147 
 
 not to be on Lord Mayor's 
 
 Day, 153 
 
 to be paid for by the Master, 
 
 128 
 
 Brewers' Hall, 47 
 
 Company, Freemen translated 
 
 into, 113 
 
 Wardens sent to the 
 
 Compter, 222 
 Bridge Master, election of, 168 
 Brown Bakers' Gift, 245 
 
 Company, 194 
 
 Brydewell, repayryng of, 215, 216 
 
 idle persons to be sett to 
 
 work at, 221 
 Burial of Members, 1 
 Bye Laws, new set of, 159 
 
 fees paid for revision, 161 
 
 agreed to, 160, 161, 162 
 
 Cannon, Mrs., Annuity, 251 
 Casting Founder, warning not to exer- 
 cise the trade of, 149 
 Charitable Fund instituted, 172, 258 
 
 as to alms houses, 179 
 
 application for, 179 
 
 report to Charity Com- 
 missioners, 182 
 advertisements for Pen- 
 sioners, 258 
 
 subscriptions to, 253 
 
 bye laws, 253 
 
 Charity Commissioners, 185 
 Members to at- 
 tend, 186 
 
 Charles II., Coronation of, 117, 234 
 
 at City feast, 117 
 
 Charter, expenses of, 25 
 
 1614, heads of, 25 
 
 petition for confirmation, 1652, 
 
 31 
 
 petition of commonalty, 31, 32, 
 
 109 
 
 to be renewed, 37 
 
 surrender of, 40, 125 
 
 Court and Livery under new, 41 
 
 126 
 
 read to Court and Livery, 158, 
 
 160 
 
 Chase, J. C, letter from, 184 
 Chest to be provided, 14, 171 
 to remain in the Chapel of St. 
 
 Margaret, Lothbury, 14, 16, 51 
 Choice Day, Michaelmas Day, and 
 
 Accompt Day to be allowed by the 
 
 HaU, 107 
 
 Christie, "W., thanks for attention to the 
 interests of the Company, 204 
 
 Clapham, E., fined 20s., or to be com- 
 mitted to prison, 89 
 
 Clement's, St., Chapel, 14, 16 
 
 Clement, St., Pope and Martyr, 45 
 
 Bretherhed, 17, 264 
 
 Clerk's wages, 47, 50, 156, 169 
 
 Clerk and Bedell, 50, 88 
 
 Clerk to size weights, 97 
 
 dismissed, 115, 129 
 
 elected, not to lodge within the 
 
 Hall, 127 
 
 petition for allowance on account 
 
 of losses by fire of London, 121 
 
 not to be elected until irregulari- 
 ties are enquired into, 129 
 
 to have half the weight money, 
 
 134 
 
 and Beadle's Fees, 134 
 
 to be prosecuted, 134 
 
 to give a bond, 138 
 
284 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Clerk, salary and fees of, 138 
 
 on making humble submission to 
 
 be discharged out of the Fleet prison, 
 
 140 
 
 to furnish every new Master with 
 
 inventory of goods, 147 
 at every election of, Members of 
 
 the Court may vote by proxy, 159 
 
 Assistant, 168 
 
 resigned, 180 
 
 and Beadle to be chosen same day 
 
 as Master and Wardens, 123 
 Freedom and Livery presented to, 
 
 168, 186 
 Clock purchased, 128 
 Clockmakers' Company, 201 
 Member of the 
 
 Founders' Company obliged to take 
 
 up his Freedom in the, that being his 
 
 trade, 156 
 Colours, presentation of, 257 
 Common Council, List of Members, 
 
 1376, 3 
 
 Companies, order of precedence, 213 
 Cook, elected diu"ing pleasure, 82, 123 
 Cook's wages, 194 
 
 Corn to be held in store, 84, 223, 225 
 
 loss by, 95 
 
 bought, 216, 222 
 
 Coiporac'on, expense of, 16 
 Corporation to be applied for, 22 
 recommended by Mayor 
 
 and Aldermen, 22 
 
 money to be provided, 24 
 
 petition to Queen, 66 
 
 Country, defence of, 165 
 
 Court, consisting of Master, Wardens, 
 
 and twenty-nine Assistants, 148 
 consisting of Master, Wardens, 
 
 and thirty-five Assistants, 153 
 formerly held 29th October, for 
 
 the future to be held on the 9th of 
 
 November, 151 
 regulations as to, 159 
 
 Court, fine for non-attendance, 166, 170 
 
 each Member to have 2 friends, 
 
 168 
 
 allowances, 167, 170 
 
 all business to be transacted at 
 
 the, 171 
 
 election of Members not having 
 
 served as Wardens, 173 
 to introduce friends by consent 
 
 of the Master, 173 
 Crafts, Master of the, 211 
 Crole, Rev. Mr., Memoir of, 203 
 Days, Choice, Michaelmas, and Accompt, 
 
 107 
 
 Debt, arrangement as to payment of, 80, 
 
 87, 104, 236 
 Dinner for those out of the Livery, 46 
 Sunday and Monday for Livery, 
 
 46 
 
 Livery, to be paid for, 55, 87 
 
 at choosing Wardens, 63 
 
 at the Mayre's Feast, 63 
 
 30s. allowed towards, after Ser- 
 mon at Poules, 81, 82 
 to be deferred, but some provi- 
 sion at charge of the Wardens, 88, 91 
 
 provided by Stewards, 90, 96 
 
 at cost of Master and Wardens, 
 
 90, 95 
 
 Lord Mayor's Day, 96, 107, 128, 
 
 169 
 
 all the Company and their wives, 
 
 97 
 
 at three of the quarter days to be 
 
 borne by the Hall stock, 107 
 
 on Audit Day, 123, 128, 147 
 
 not on quarter days, 145 
 
 and Supper, 162, 163, 164 
 
 not on Lord Mayor's Day on 
 
 account of high price of provisions, 
 164, 165, 167 
 
 not at Monthly Courts, 163, 178 
 
 order of precedence, 173 
 
 in Court Koom, 174, 175 
 
INDEX. 
 
 285 
 
 Dinner account of, anniversary from the 
 
 CiUj Press, 186 
 Drynk, payment for, 194 
 East India Merchants, 195 
 Eastland Merchants, 194 
 Elizabeth, Princess, anecdote of, 61 
 
 Queen, procession, 62 
 
 Fast Days, Livery to attend Chapel, 122 
 Fees, list of, to be placed in the Hall, 152 
 
 1720, 262 
 
 and Fines, 170, 265 
 
 Fines, 1497, 50 
 
 to be called over at every Court, 
 
 178 
 
 Fisher, Thomas, the gift of, 251 
 
 Fishmongers' Company, Member trans- 
 lated to, 155 
 
 Fleming, Eev. Mr., notice of, 200 
 
 Forms, hire of, 72, 93 
 
 Founder of thys City, 71 
 
 no working, to take up his 
 
 Freedom in any other Company, 151, 
 176 
 
 Founders' Company, first notice of, 4 
 
 to be prosecuted, not having a 
 
 right to work at the trade, 148 
 
 free of other Companies, to be 
 
 invited to become love brothers, 152 
 
 Abstract of Act to be circula- 
 ted, 156 
 
 mark, 71, 151, 169, 179 
 
 petition of journeymen, 167 
 
 Freedom of City, not unless a member 
 
 of one of the trades or mysteries, 2 
 Fine, 119 
 
 master objecting to freedom, 
 
 154 
 
 presented to Clerk, 168, 186 
 
 Civic, not to be granted in 
 
 any other Company, 176 
 Freeman of the Company dismissed by 
 
 reason of his poverty, 129 
 
 reward for bringing, 172, 175 
 
 Freemen, Oath of, 260 
 
 • Freemen, summoned before the Lord 
 Mayor to take up the Li^'ery, 149 
 Frost Fair on the Thames, 124 
 Funeral, Livery elected to attend, 85 
 
 paid more than was allowed, 
 
 93 
 
 charge for Court Eoom and 
 
 parlour, 154 
 
 at the Hall, 199 
 
 Furnace not to be set up without license, 
 
 97 
 
 to be .viewed, 105 
 
 Games, unlawful, 85 
 
 General History, 43 
 
 Glass, painted drinking, 247 
 
 Goods, inventory of, 43, 124 
 
 seized for fines, 112 
 
 Gowrie Conspii-acy, 80 
 
 Graham's Town Journal, 183 
 
 Guildhall Chapel, account of, 120 
 
 Guilds, Ecclesiastical and Civil, 1 
 
 Gun Makers' Company, 199 
 
 Gunpowder Plot, 82 
 
 store at the Hall, 112 
 
 Hall, subscriptions, &c., towards re- 
 building, 120, 191, 194, 198, 209 
 
 journeymen not to be admitted to 
 
 the, 161 
 
 purchase of ground to build, 192 
 
 charge for re-building, 198, 206 
 
 let for dancing, 199, 201 
 
 and parlour let to preach in, 197, 
 
 199, 200, 202 
 proposal to take for the new street, 
 
 204 
 
 notice as to encroachments, 204 
 
 report as to building on site of two 
 
 houses, 205 
 
 groimd let on building lease, 206 
 
 new, let to Electric Telegraph Com- 
 pany, 207 
 
 donations upon opening of new, " 
 
 Halls, note as to City, 191 
 
 Hamburgh Merchants, 200 
 
286 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Hearse Cloth to be burned, 98 
 of the Fishmongers' Com- 
 pany, 99 
 Hippocrass, receipt for, 248 
 Housekeeper to give security, 127 
 Hull, J.J to be taken before the Lord 
 
 Mayor, 80 
 Income Tax, 165 
 Inventory of property, 171 
 
 of goods to be given to every 
 
 new Master, 147, 182 
 Investigation Committee, 180 
 Ireland, RebelHon in, 220, 224 
 
 colony in, 224, 225 
 
 money to be raised for, 225, 226 
 
 Fisheries in, 227, 236 
 
 receipts of our land in, 227 
 
 lands to be sold in, 233, 235, 
 
 236 
 
 Irish Society, 226 
 
 Ironmongers' Company, complaint a- 
 gainst, 65 
 
 Jane Seymour, Queen, herse at her 
 death, 55 
 
 Jordeyn, Henry, gift of, 45 ; will, 241 
 
 Katharine Howard, Queen, charges at 
 her thorofare, 57 ; her marriage un- 
 known, 57. 
 
 King, Thomas, Gifts of, 252 
 
 Land Tax redeemed, 205 
 
 Latton, of what composed, 45 
 
 Law, leave to go to, 84 
 
 Leathersellers' Hall, 52 
 
 Leister, Mr. Warden, malpractices, 67 — 
 71 
 
 Liveries not worn before time of Ed- 
 ward I., 85 
 Livery Companies, first so called, 2 
 
 patterns of cloth, 85 
 
 election of, 86, 100, 116 
 
 Members fined for non-atten- 
 dance, 87 
 
 bringing pattern of their goods 
 
 to pay 2s., 92 
 
 Livery, to provide gown and hood, 101, 
 106, 111, 116 
 
 gown and hood to be sold, 107 
 
 not to dine with the Court on 
 
 Candlemas, May, and Lammas Quar- 
 ter days, 117 
 
 John Lucas dismissed for resist- 
 ing the authority of the Court, 118 
 
 Fine, 119, 145 
 
 to attend Guildhall Chapel, 120, 
 
 122 
 
 Fine to be sued for, 144, 145 
 
 dismissed for not serving Stew- 
 ard, 129, 150 
 
 widows of, only to be pensioners, 
 
 153 
 
 ceremony of admission to the, 156 
 
 Freemen not attending to take 
 
 up their Livery, to be proceeded 
 
 against, 161 
 to be caUed over on Lord Mayor's 
 
 Day, and take their place according to 
 
 seniority, 164 
 summons to take'up, 162, 166, 
 
 178 
 
 proceedings stayed, 166, 168 
 
 lists to be prepared, 177 
 
 meeting as to rights and privi- 
 leges, 179 
 
 deputation appointed, 180 
 
 arts of the City having, 213 
 
 to attend the Queen, 218, 219 
 
 to be nominated, 226 
 
 to wear their gowns, 233 
 
 Liverymen fined for opprobrious words, 
 144 
 
 obnoxious, 184 
 
 Living, restriction on extravagant, 58 
 Loan to the Company, 208 
 Loans to the Queen, 220 
 
 to the King, 223, 228, 229, 231, 
 
 235 
 
 to the Parliament, 232 
 
 London Corporation Election Bill, 182 
 
INDEX. 
 
 287 
 
 Lord Mayor's Day, alteration of, 151 
 
 Loriners' Company, 202 
 
 Lothbiiry, 192 
 
 Love Brothers, 152, 155 
 
 Loughborougli, Lord, fees for looking 
 
 over bye-laws, 161 
 Marble tablet, 206 
 
 Margaret's Churcb, St., subscription for 
 
 pewing, 127 
 Marks allowed for brass and copper 
 
 wares, 91, 123 
 Mary, L, Queen, coronation, 61 
 Maser bowls, 43, 243 
 Mass, 1, 11, 14, 17, 49, 61, 264 
 money. 46 
 
 Master, bow and when to be elected, 
 59 
 
 Master, Wardens, Assistants, and Livery 
 
 Hst of, 126, 266 
 Master's bond to be enforced for not 
 
 paying over the Company's money, 
 
 119 
 
 Master to have memorandum of all 
 
 Laws, Ordinances, &c., to be observed 
 
 as formerly, 121 
 to treat with persons to fine for 
 
 aU offices. 127 
 
 to keep accounts, 127 
 
 to pay for breakfasts, 128 
 
 acting in opposition to the Court, 
 
 135 
 
 elected by Court in the absence 
 
 of the old Master and AVardens, 136 
 to sign a bond and give security, 
 
 93, 138, 145, 153 
 no person to speak without leave 
 
 of the, 141 
 name to be put up in the glass 
 
 window, 143 
 not to lend the property of the 
 
 Company without order, 144 
 not to provide dinner on Quarter 
 
 days, 145 
 
 Master's Fine, 119, 123, 127, 145, 161 
 
 not to expend more than seven 
 
 pounds, 146 
 not to pay any fine for the 
 
 future, 146 
 not to make entertainment for 
 
 the women, 148 
 — under misfortune, dismissed the 
 
 office, 148 
 
 to sign minutes of previous 
 
 Court, 148 
 promissory note given to late, 
 
 for balance due to him, 160 
 to invite two friends to dinner, 
 
 160 
 
 in his absence the senior Mem- 
 ber to preside, 163 
 
 election of, postponed, 164 
 
 to have one friend, and also his 
 
 security at Quarterly dinners, and one 
 friend extra on Lord Mayor's Day, 164 
 
 elected for second year, 181 
 
 to have inventory of effects, 147, 
 
 182 
 
 to have list of rental and gifts, 
 
 182 
 
 vote of thanks to, 183 
 
 payment by, disallowed by the 
 
 Auditors, 196 
 
 privileges of, 237 
 
 Wardens and their wives to be 
 
 present, 90 
 
 and Wardens not to serve more 
 
 than six times, 93 
 
 to pay for the Quar- 
 ter Day dinners, 102, 108 
 
 not to be sworn on 
 
 election day, 105 
 
 played at nine pins, 
 
 124 
 
 to have expenses paid 
 
 provided they act by the advice of the 
 Company, 128 
 
288 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Master and Wardens, to i)ay their fines 
 
 before being sworn, 138 
 if expending more 
 
 than the income, to pay it out of their 
 
 own private stock, 141 
 not to carry any 
 
 victuals out of the Hall, 144 
 fined for sitting in 
 
 Court without their gowns, 145 
 ■ to attend Courts in 
 
 Livery gowns, 163 
 
 not to provide dinner 
 
 at Monthly Courts, 163 
 not present, 164 
 
 Masters of the Company presented to 
 
 the Mayor and Aldermen, 5, 9 
 Mayor's feast, Founders at, 48 
 Mears, Thomas, vote of thanks, 257, 259 
 Members, register of, 176, 266 
 Merchant Adventurers' Company, 103, 
 
 194, 195, 199 
 Minutes, all proceedings to be entered 
 
 on the, 171 
 Monastery of St. Augustine, 192 
 Money to be lent only at £6 per cent. 96 
 lent to Merchant Adventurers, 
 
 103 
 
 £500 Stock to be sold out to pay 
 
 late Master's balance, 161 
 
 presented to the king, 233 
 
 owing to the Company, 233 
 
 Municipal enquiry, 177, 178 
 
 Oath of Founders, 260 
 
 Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, 117 
 
 Oglethorpe, Colonel, Master, 41, 125 
 
 Orders' book to be provided, 94 
 
 Ordinances, 5, 10, 17, 18, 21, 27, 31, 42 
 
 expenses of, 42 
 
 to be perused by Court of 
 
 Aldermen, 60 
 
 to be enforced, 121 
 
 information as to, 185 
 
 Oyster feast, 176 
 
 Pageants, 215, 218, 219, 223. 230, 231 
 
 Palatinate, contribution for, 227 
 Parliament, Members of, elected by the 
 
 trading Companies, 3 
 Parratts, Joseph, gift of, 250 
 Paul's, St., Church, subscription towards 
 
 re-edifying, 95 
 
 Cross, Sermons at, 86 
 
 described, 86 
 
 penances at, 87 
 
 Payments, sundry, 1649, 106 
 Pensions, 154, 170 
 Pie Powder, Coui't of, 65 
 Pilchard, Steven, gift of, 249 
 Plate, inventory of, 94 
 
 £30 to be spent in, 102 
 
 &c. to be sold, 119, 120, 166 
 
 Poor, relief of the, 97, 102, 186 
 
 box, 88, 92, 249 
 
 Poultry, the Rose and Crown," 106 
 Quarterage, 53, 55, 63, 75, 91, 97, 138 
 non-payment, 93, 96, 174, 
 
 175 
 
 110, 111 
 
 distress on goods to pay, 
 
 arrears to be paid by 3d. a 
 
 week, 84 
 
 Freeman sued for, 150 
 
 of Freemen reduced, 153 
 
 refusal to bind an apprentice 
 
 until paid, 158 
 Quo warranto, 38 
 Rawlins J., gift of, 246, 249 
 Receipt and expenditure, 175 
 Records to be examined, 171 
 Register to be examined yearly, 177 
 Religious Knowledge Society, 201 
 Rental and gifts, lists to be furnished to 
 
 every new Master, 182 
 River water, rent for, 127 
 Rood loft, 54 
 Rose water, 64 
 
 Saints, patron, of several Companies, 
 264 
 
 Salters' Hall congregation, 204. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 289 
 
 Scales, 150, 161, 182 
 Scotch Church at Founders' Hall, 200, 
 201 
 
 Search, 9, 65, 79, 92, 110, 113, 118 
 right of, granted to the twelve 
 
 principal Companies, 79 
 Searchers sworn, and warrant executed, 
 
 150 
 
 Ships to be provided, 219, 220, 235 
 Sisters of the Crafte, 57 
 Slaney, Alderman, award of, 20 
 Snuff Box presented by Master and 
 
 "Wardens, 259 
 Soldiers, charges for, 214, 216, 217, 218 
 
 236 
 
 Spoons, every Brother to give one silver 
 Spoon, value 6/8 at the least, 89 
 
 to be given of the value of 13/4 
 
 in lieu of dinner, 90 
 
 payment in lieu of, 93 
 
 gilt, by W.W., 93 
 
 sold, 92, 93, 94 
 
 all sold except one, 95 
 
 Stand, payment for ground, 153 
 Stands, expense of, 124, 139, 150, 236, 
 237 
 
 Standings to be prepared, 215 
 Star Chamber, 50 
 
 Stationers' Company, member translated 
 to, 152 
 
 Stewards to provide dinner on day of 
 
 the Master's Feast, 90 
 none to be called twice to that 
 
 charge, 95 
 refusing to provide dinner to 
 
 forfeit £10, or be dismissed the Livery, 
 
 95 
 
 not to buy the provisions for 
 
 Lord Mayor's Day, 102 
 to pay for feast on Lord 
 
 Mayor's day, 113, 115, 122, 123, 132, 
 
 140 
 
 summoned before the Lord 
 
 Mayor, 138, 139 
 
 Stewards to have use of the linen, 
 pewter, &c., on Lord Mayor's day, 146 
 
 fine, weights seized to pay, 
 
 100 
 
 fines, 119, 122 
 
 prosecuted for not holding the 
 
 office, 129, 150 
 fine, part to be paid on his 
 
 return from Jamaica, 142 
 promissory notes taken for 
 
 fines, 144 
 
 Liveryman fined and dismissed 
 
 the Livery for not serving, 150 
 
 the Company non-suited in 
 
 action, for not serving," 159 
 
 not elected, 165 
 
 Strangers refusing to keep ordinances to 
 be committed, 65 
 
 proclamation as to, 91 
 
 Stubbes, C, for ill conduct not to bo 
 summoned to any Court, 83 
 
 Superstitious uses, 241 
 
 Supper, cost of, 1519, 51 
 
 — to Master, Wardens, and Stew- 
 ards, and their wives, 97 
 
 and wine to be provided, 142 
 
 Swan hopping, 75 
 
 Swans, sale of the, 76 
 
 S within' s Lane, St., premises purchased, 
 208 
 
 Tackle and ticket porters, 201 
 
 Tankards, three silver, 251 
 
 Tayeler, P., silver goblet, 244 
 
 Tea and Coffee not to be drank in the 
 
 dining room, 164 
 Thompson's, Robert, gift, 244 
 Tobacco pipe makers, 170 
 Torches at funeralls, 52 
 Turners' Company, 226 
 Uffington, Thomas, notice of, 202 
 Ushers, 161 
 
 Variance and discord, 14, 18, 96 
 Victoria, Queen, visit to Guildhall, 237, 
 
 238 
 
290 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Victoria, Queen, opens tlic Royal Ex- 
 change, 239 
 
 application for li- 
 cense, 208 
 
 Vintners', a mystery, 5 
 
 Wages, rate of, 66 
 
 Wales, Prince of, marriage of, 185 
 
 Warden dismissed, 97 
 
 Renter, his office, 101, 114 
 
 Wardens, Oath of, 5 
 
 not to make ordinances, 9 
 
 — in the Cheker " conrt, 13, 
 
 16, 50 
 
 accounts, 45—49, 53, 66, 72, 
 
 73 
 
 in the Star Chamber, 50 
 
 sell the plate, 50 
 
 upper,to receive rents— second, 
 
 for weights, — younger, quarterage, 79 
 to be brought home after 
 
 election, 81 
 having died before the quarter 
 
 ordered how the dinner should be paid 
 
 for, 100 
 
 fines, course of law for, 113 
 
 upper, being infirm, his son 
 
 brought on to the Livery and chosen 
 Renter Warden in order to assist him, 
 114 
 
 removed during year of office, 
 
 proportion of fine to be repaid, 127 
 
 summoned to pay their 
 
 fines, 138 
 
 fined for not having the keys 
 
 of the chest, 147 
 fined for not wearing his 
 
 Livery gown, 151 
 one friend each extra on 
 
 Lord Mayor's day, 164 
 
 committed to Newgate, 229 
 
 Watch and display of armed men, 212 
 Water works at London Bridge, 127 
 Wax Chandlers' Company, 8, 226 
 
 Wax Tapers, 48, 52, 54 
 
 Weights, petition about, 66 
 
 evill doings of Mr. Warden 
 
 Leister as to, 67 — 71 
 
 charges for, assysyns of W. 
 
 Leister to have half profits, 71 
 
 marked with the Founders' 
 
 mark, 71, 151 
 
 to have arms of the Comp- 
 any, 71 
 
 for gold and silver, 77 
 
 troy, 77 
 
 avoirdupois, 77 
 
 unlawful, 74, 76, 78, 103, 104 
 
 Plumber's charge for sizing, 
 
 78 
 
 reformation of. 83 
 
 Beadle to have the profit of 
 
 sizing, 88, 165 
 scales, and standards, 92, 166, 
 
 169, 181 
 
 old, not to be sealed, 93 
 
 and wares seized, 94, 117 
 
 cleaning of, beams and scales, 
 
 94 
 
 the actual, to be stamped upon 
 
 them, 103 
 
 Members fined respecting, 104 
 
 not to be delivered up until 
 
 sizing is paid for, 111, 114 
 the sealer of, to have the 
 
 profits. 111 
 to be first sized at Founders' 
 
 Hall, 114 
 
 to have the maker's stamp, 114 
 
 petition to Parliament, 149, 
 
 177 
 
 petition to Lord Mayor and 
 
 Aldermen, 149 
 unstamped, makers of, to be 
 
 prosecuted, 149 
 Hall-keeper of Guildhall to 
 
 pay half the expenses, 152 
 
INDEX. 
 
 291 
 
 AVeiglits, made of lead and cased witli | 
 J3rass, not to be sealed, 153, 178 
 
 for gold and silver coin, lo8, 
 
 160 
 
 notices as to, 167, 207 
 
 not brought to the Hall, 167 
 
 charges as to, 169, 263 
 
 alteration of mark on, 169 
 
 to be verified, 178 
 
 to have county mark, 179 
 
 I Whimers, U2, 218 
 AVioley's, Richd., gift, 247, 259 
 Wives, evil words between, 83, 89, 107 
 Women not to babble and talk, 89 
 Wood's, Mrs., annuity, 251 
 Woodhall's, Abraham, gift, 246 
 Woodmongers' Company, Freemen trans- 
 lated into the, 118 
 Woolwinders' Company, 197 
 
 Printed by W. H. Boosey & Co., St. Mary-at-TIill, E.G. 
 
GETTY CENTER LIBRARY 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 3125 00780 4707