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Eleven Pictures 
 
 SELECTED FOR THIS RECORD FROM 
 THE GENERAL EXHIBIT AT 
 THE ATLANTA, GA., 
 CONVENTION 
 of the P. A. of A. 
 
 The Jury 
 
 G. HANMER CROUGHTON, ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 RYLAND W. PHILLIPS . PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 JOS. KNAFFL KNOXVILLE. TENN. 
 
The Eleven Pictures 
 
 ARE BY 
 
 JOSEPH KNAFFI 
 
 . . KNOXVILLE, TENN. 
 
 DUDLEY HOYT 
 
 NEW YORK CITY 
 
 E. H. WESTON 
 
 TROPICO, CAL. 
 
 B. FRANK MOORE 
 
 ...CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 H. C. MANN 
 
 NORFOLK, VA. 
 
 FOSTER STUDIO ARCADE, BALTIMORE, MD. 
 
 pi r i e Macdonald 
 
 NEW YORK CITY 
 
 HOMEIER & CLARK 
 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 
 J. W. PORTER 
 
 .YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO 
 
 HUBERT BROTHERS 
 
 CLIFFORD NORTON 
 
 BUFFALO, N. Y. 
 
 ...CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 CLIFFORD NORTON 
 
COPYRIGHTED 
 
 " THE FLOWER SELLER 
 
 By JOSEPH KNAFFL 
 Knoxville. Tenn. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2015 
 
 https ://arch ive.org/detai Is/m i n utesof proceedOOphot 
 
MINUTES 
 
 Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 1914 
 

 
Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PROCEEDINGS 
 
 34™ ANNUAL CONVENTION 
 
 JUNE 15-16-17-18-19-20, 1914 
 ATLANTA, GA. 
 
 Manly W. Tyree President 
 
 Raleigh, North Carolina 
 
 W. H. Towles First Vice-President 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Homer T. Harden Second Vice-President 
 Wichita, Kansas 
 
 L. A. Dozer Treasurer 
 
 Bucyrcs, Ohio 
 
 John I. Hoffman Secretary 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
Copyright 1914 
 
 BY THE 
 
 Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 The Minutes of the 
 Proceedings 
 
 Published under the supervision of 
 FRANK V. CHAMBERS 
 
 Made at the Private Printery 
 of the 
 
 Bulletin of Photography 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
Proceedings of the Thirty- Fourth Annual 
 Convention of the Photographers’ 
 Association of America 
 
 Held at Atlanta, Georgia, Week of June 15th, 1914 
 
 Opening Session, Monday, June 15, 1914, 2 P. M. 
 
 By President Tyree: I will now call the Thirty-fourth Annual Con- 
 vention to order, and will ask you to arise while H. A. Earp will invoke 
 God’s blessing on this meeting. 
 
 By Mr. Earp: Oh, Lord, our Father, our God, whom we magnate 
 and adore, we ask thy blessing in thy holy name, because of the loving kind- 
 ness and tender mercies of our dear Father. Our dear Heavenly Father, 
 we would ask thy blessing. We ask that thou be with us in our delibera- 
 tions and in everything we do. We ask now, our dear Heavenly Father, 
 that thou bless each and every one of us, and guide us, and lead us, and 
 direct us, and finalty save us in Heaven, for Christ’s sake. Amen. 
 
 By President Tyree: I will ask Mr. Goodhart, of Atlanta, Ga., to 
 introduce the man who is at the head of the affairs in Georgia — the Gov- 
 ernor. 
 
 By Mr. Goodhart: Mr. President , Ladies and Gentlemen: Last Fri- 
 day, when Manly Tyree arrived here, the first thing he asked me was, “Did 
 you get the Governor?” I told him that I had not been able to get in touch 
 with the Governor as yet, but not to worry about that, as the people of 
 Georgia had the best Governor in the world, and I knew that all that was 
 necessary for me to do was to go there the day before the convention opened 
 and ask him, and if he was not going to be out of town he would come and 
 give us an address of welcome. Therefore, when I went up there on Satur- 
 day and found there was a big crowd in his ante-room, I stated what I de- 
 sired to his secretary, and was immediately ushered in ; when I told him 
 what I wanted he instantly came back and said it would be the pleasure of 
 his life. 
 
 We do not call him the Governor — but Jack — Jack Slaton. So that 
 will give you an idea of how good a fellow he is. Therefore, I take great 
 pleasure and great honor in introducing to you the Hon. John M. Slaton, 
 the Governor of the State of Georgia. (Applause.) 
 
 Page five 
 
ADDRESS OF WELCOME. 
 
 Governor John M. Slaton, of Georgia: 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: I might have declined to wel- 
 come any other body, except the photographers, but that I am so much in 
 their debt. I have been all over Georgia recently, and there has hardly 
 been a town that I have gone to that some one, who was more truthful than 
 complimentary, would say to me, “You are not half as good looking as your 
 picture.” So you see that I am indebted to the photographer’s art for 
 representing me as a handsome man, and necessarily I feel kindly toward 
 the photographers. 
 
 The truth of the matter is, I think if I had had merely a photograph 
 I might have gotten my wife a good deal earlier. As it was, I had to plead 
 in person. And that reminds me very much of what happened the first day 
 of a legislative session in Georgia a few years ago. The Western Union 
 Telegraph Company had a large number of messages coming to the various 
 members of the Legislature, and they had all kinds of trouble in getting the 
 members located in the evenings. So the Western Union Telegraph Com- 
 pany sent word that they would like to know the night address of our 
 members. And one fellow from the rural district said, “There now, Slaton,” 
 he says, “these corporations have been taking all our rights, and now they 
 are interfering with our private affairs.” 
 
 You know we cannot do anything now without having it told on us, 
 and in such a way that the evidence is indisputable. You have the dicta- 
 graph that takes down what we say ; then you have the photograph that 
 takes the picture of what we are doing, and so we cannot have much free- 
 dom of action. You cannot dispute what your apparatus tells. 
 
 But then, I welcome you. I welcome you as the students of science 
 and of art. As I sat next the Honorable Mayor of Atlanta, I thought, as 
 I looked out at you, that there is not one person here who has not taken a 
 photograph of some dimpled young girl, who was having it taken to send 
 as a present to her sweetheart, and the photograph made her look her best. 
 And there is not one here who has not taken the photograph of some 
 young man, who loved some girl, somewhere, more than all the world to- 
 gether; and the photograph represented, to the best of the photographer’s 
 ability, that this young man possessed all the charms ever given to man- 
 hood. Now that, to me, is lovable. 
 
 In going to the homes of this State, I see upon the walls photographs. 
 The head of the household will say, “This is the picture of my old mother,” 
 in whose countenance all the lines of sweetness and loveliness were shown 
 to the best advantage. “This is a picture of a wife or a child.” And it is 
 your art, your business, which shows off all the features which are so dear 
 to the observer. 
 
 Page six 
 
In science, when a man falls and breaks a bone, you take a photograph. 
 It is the photograph which shows the physician just where the bone is 
 broken so he may properly treat it. The astronomer, when he wishes to tell 
 the distance of the stars, appeals to the photographei*. 
 
 I once read, when a painting was to be made of Oliver Cromwell, the 
 painter wanted to know how to represent him. He wanted to know whether 
 to leave in the lines on his face. The old man said, “Paint me as I am and 
 leave in the lines that are there, which I got serving the country I love.” 
 There would have been no necessity of saying that if there had been photo- 
 graphs in those days, because the camera would have been accurate and 
 truthful. 
 
 In fact, speaking of genuineness, if we could have had your art at 
 the time when Marie Antoinette lived we could have preserved her likeness 
 as she was then, and we would never have lost her beauty. 
 
 You are of service to the State because of your contribution to senti- 
 ment, because of your service to science, because of the accuracy of your 
 art ; and I welcome you to the State of Georgia on behalf of and repre- 
 senting three million people, each of whom welcomes the stranger within its 
 gates. I welcome all of you and trust you will feel at home. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: We certainly appreciate the hearty welcome 
 the Governor has given us, and I asked him if he would not stay with us 
 for the meeting, but he states that he is to leave town this afternoon, and 
 we w r ere very fortunate, indeed, to get him to give us this splendid talk. So 
 I am going to excuse him now. Mr. Harris, will you escort the Governor 
 to the door. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I want to ask Thurston Hatcher, of 
 Atlanta, to introduce to you the man who is going to give us the keys of the 
 city, so that we will not get into too much trouble — the Mayor. 
 
 By Thurston Hatcher: Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 As chairman of the Local Entertainment Committee, I wish to add my word 
 of welcome to you ; and I want to say that we are going to do our best to 
 make you have a good time, and I think that we will be perfectly able to do 
 that; and when the week is over we all hope that you will be able to go home 
 and be Atlanta boosters. We call this building the Auditorium or Conven- 
 tion Hall, but I think the real name of it is the Atlanta Booster Training 
 School. That is what we had made it this year; and we have already 
 turned out about one hundred thousand boosters. 
 
 I wish to introduce to you Mayor .Tames G. Woodward, who will tell 
 you what the city will do for you, and what a good time you will have. 
 (Applause.) 
 
 Page seven 
 
GLAD HAND OF ATLANTA. 
 
 By Mayor James G. Woodward, of Atlanta: 
 
 Mr. President , Delegates to the Photographers’ Association of America, 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: It is a great pleasure for me to say that Atlanta 
 extends to you a most hearty welcome. When I say that, it is not mere 
 empty words. Atlanta is known as the convention city of the South, and 
 she brags upon the fact that there is none too large for her to entertain, 
 and we want you to feel that while you are in the city, if you don’t run 
 across members of your own organization who know, you are at perfect 
 liberty to call upon any citizen for any information that you may wish. 
 
 You represent an organization, or profession rather, that possibly has 
 made more rapid strides in the last fifty years than any I know. I call to 
 mind the old Daguerreotype, and the many developments in the art up to 
 the present time. You represent a profession that deals with all classes of 
 our people; and there is none too rich or mighty, and none too humble (who 
 has the price) but what will have his picture taken. 
 
 In your visit to this city, you come to a city that has been built, practi- 
 cally within the last forty years, and the main portion of it within the last 
 fifteen years. You have selected a city for your meeting this year that rep- 
 resents more skyscraper buildings, fireproof steel structures, than any city 
 of its size possibly on this continent — and nearly every one of them has 
 been built within the last fourteen or fifteen years. In other words, you are 
 visiting a city that is new, modern and up-to-date. You are visiting a city 
 that has recently sent one of the largest conventions of any kind, anywhere, 
 away from here with the loudest praise for Atlanta. Possibly some of you 
 were in that delegation. I have reference to the Shriners. It is recog- 
 nized that any city that can take care of the Shriners can take care of any 
 convention that wishes to meet. 
 
 We want you to feel at home while you are here. It is of no use for me 
 to go through the formality of extending the keys of this city to you, for 
 they are yours ; not only officially, but we want you to feel that it is also to 
 the homes of the people of this city — that you are welcome in reality. There 
 is no empty formality, but a glad feeling that the people of Atlanta entertain 
 for the stranger that comes within her gates. We are glad to have you 
 with us. 
 
 May your convention, through its deliberations with the business for 
 which you have come together, prove creditable, may you return to your 
 families and your loved ones in health. 
 
 Allow me again, and in conclusion to say, that the gates and keys of 
 Atlanta are open to you; and if jmu do not see what you want, ask for it. 
 ( Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I will ask Ben Larrimer, of Marion, Ind., 
 to respond to the glad welcome extended to us by the Governor of Georgia 
 and the Mayor of Atlanta. 
 
 Page eight 
 
By E. H. WESTON 
 Tropico, Cal. 
 

 
RESPONSE. 
 
 By Past President Ben Larrimer: 
 
 Mr. President, and Your Honor, and my Friends: A very few days ago 
 I received a characteristic letter from our President, saying: “Dear Ben: I 
 have asked you to respond to the address of welcome to be given by the 
 Governor of Georgia and the Mayor of Atlanta, and I want you to do your 
 durndest.” 
 
 Tyree, of course, knew that I could not make a speech, and I believe I 
 am bright enough not to try. I am going to talk but a minute. 
 
 I see a gentleman out in the middle — Mr. Houser — whose persuasive 
 language brought the convention to Atlanta. This is the only time it has 
 ever been south of the Ohio River. There seems to be a prejudice against 
 going South, largely on account of the hot trip and the hot weather; and I 
 will assure you that Mr. Houser and Mr. Hicks made us believe in Kansas 
 City that Atlanta was perhaps the coolest spot in the Western Hemisphere. 
 
 Now 1 , Mr. Honorable Mayor, I want to assure you, while this body does 
 not compare in size to the Shriners, yet we are earnest ; we are here to help 
 ourselves and to help others. We are going to try to behave ourselves. 
 
 We like the city — at least I do. As I stepped out on Peachtree Street 
 I saw the beautiful peaches in adornment. (Laughter.) I, as well as the 
 rest of us, can feel a deep sympathy for the blind. 
 
 The State of Georgia, the State that produced — I believe this city was 
 the home of one of the most humane writers in American history — I refer to 
 Joel Chandler Harris. And another man, perhaps more widely known at 
 present ; any State that produces a man like Ty Cobb is “some” State. 
 The President agrees with me, because he saw him knock a home run in Phil- 
 adelphia three weeks ago. 
 
 Now, my dear friends, we are here for business, and I would like to say 
 just a word about the innovations to be tried during this meeting. We now 
 have a Secretary whose business it is to devote his entire time to attempting 
 to boost this Association. I may not have another opportunity to say this, 
 but the members in this territory who have joined the Association since it 
 has come to your doors, owe it to yourselves and to your profession, and to 
 the good of the Association to keep your membership up. That is the busi- 
 ness part of this. (Applause.) Some time we may come back; as far as 
 I am concerned, I hope so. I would like to give my friend Houser a chance 
 to prove that he is not a liar about this weather. 
 
 Now t I really don’t know what the balance of this program is; I be- 
 lieve that I have carried out, to the best of my ability, the instructions of the 
 President and “did my durndest.” And I thank you for your attention. 
 
 By President Tyree: Well, Ben can make a very good speech if he 
 w r ants to, and I believe I had the goods to make him do it. 
 
 Page nine 
 
I would like to have the reading of the communications. 
 
 By Secretary Hoffman: (Applause.) Mr. President : I know we are 
 going to have a great convention here because there is a spirit in the air that 
 is going to make it a grand convention. 
 
 We have here a great many communications that came in, and the Pres- 
 ident has asked me to read two or three of them that we want every one to 
 know about. Mr. Townsend, who was President of the Association last 
 year, finds it impossible to come and sends this communication: 
 
 “Des Moines, Iowa, June 13, 1914 
 “Mr. Manly W. Tyree, 
 
 “Atlanta, Georgia. 
 
 “My Dear Manly: Owing to physical condition can’t attend; 
 but my heart is with you all, and I trust you will have another 
 rattling good convention. Here’s wishing you success in every 
 way. 
 
 “C’has. F. Townsend, P. P.” 
 
 Here is one from H. O. Bodine, who has been attending the convention 
 for years : 
 
 “New York, June 15, 1914. 
 
 “Mr. Manly W. Tyree, President, 
 
 “Photographers’ Association of America, 
 
 “Hotel Ansley, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 “I would appreciate it if you would convey my best wishes to 
 my friends among the officers and members of the Association and 
 express to them my regret for being unable to be with them during 
 the convention, which I trust will be the largest, the best and the 
 most enthusiastic of any in the history of the Association. I shall 
 try to be with you next year wherever you meet. 
 
 “H. O. Bodine.” 
 
 By President Tyree : In the past I believe the correct form was for 
 the President to make you an annual address. I am going to fool you. I 
 am going to have what I have to say in our Association Record, which comes 
 out thirty days after the convention, and which you will receive. That will 
 save you from sitting in this hot room listening to me talk. It will save me 
 the feeling of looking into your faces and knowing you are thinking, “I 
 wish to Heaven he would stop.” It will save your time, because if you 
 don’t want to read what I have to say in the Association Record you can 
 forget it, and I will never know anything about it. 
 
 I want to say this: That I am in a very peculiar position to-day; that 
 of being the only Southern boy to occupy the chair of P. A. of A., and it so 
 happened to be my good fortune, when I was selected, that the convention, 
 for the first time in thirty-four years, after continued hard work on the 
 
 Par/e ten 
 
part of many Southern delegates, is meeting in the heart of the Southland, 
 and you can imagine how good I feel that this honor has been conferred on 
 me as a Southern boy. 
 
 For just a moment I want to call your attention to the program. We 
 have tried very hard to get a program that will give you something to take 
 home with you, something that you can apply to your every-day business, 
 something that means improvement in yourself, and work which means dol- 
 lars in your pockets. The men who will give you these instructions are men 
 who are able to impart this knowledge to you. We have with us Dudley 
 Hoyt, of New York, and Howard D. Beach, of Buffalo, N. Y. ; Emine Ger- 
 hard, of St. Louis, and W. O. Breckon, of Pittsburgh, Pa., who will con- 
 duct demonstrations on negative making. They will do everything they can 
 to make these demonstrations so clear and plain that you can understand 
 their methods of working. 
 
 And Fred G. Quimby, the painter for Sprague-Hathaway Company, is 
 with us. You know him by reputation, as pictures painted by him have been 
 hung in the best galleries throughout the country. He is one of those men 
 who are able to take your photograph and perfect it with the proper color- 
 ing and touches, and make it of increased value. You want to see that by 
 all means. 
 
 Ask any questions you wish, about anything you want to know r , of any 
 of the demonstrators. The idea of this whole program is to give you some- 
 thing that you can take home with you. 
 
 Miss Kate Cameron Simmons is to give you three lessons. Her first 
 will be: Lessons in art principles; photography as a fine art; line, and dark 
 and light arrangement. Her second lesson will be: Principles of composi- 
 tion applied to dark and light photography ; unity through subordination ; 
 balance, rhythm. Her third lesson will be: Principles of composition ap- 
 plied to line in photography, the photographer as a creative artist; self- 
 expression. 
 
 C. H. Claudy, of Washington, D. C., will tell you something new r about 
 photographs for publication. It will be a new field for you in your own 
 town. Mr. Claudy has some seventy slides of pictures, and when he explains 
 these slides you will find you have a new field at home. 
 
 PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS. 
 
 My Dear Friends: 
 
 I greet you and welcome you. Although the officers and others inter- 
 ested have been preparing for this convention for many months, now that 
 we are actually holding the opening session on this beautiful June morning 
 and now that a Photographers’ National Convention is being held in this 
 great city of Atlanta, situated in the heart of the Southland — it is very 
 hard for me — having watched the plans of this convention mature — plans 
 molded from a widely scattered and confused mass of ideas into a more 
 
 Page eleven 
 
systematic business, so that at last the gavel has fallen opening this, the 
 Thirty-fourth Annual Convention of the Photographers’ Association of 
 America. 
 
 My heart is pulsating with happiness, and I am glad to see so many 
 of you at this convention. For to me it is a testimony that you had faith 
 in the Association, faith that brought you to leave your home and business 
 in order that you might mingle with your fellow-craftsmen for a week and 
 learn from this close and intimate personal contact “who is who” and what 
 is being done in the photographic world of which you are a part. 
 
 This convention is yours. The manufacturers and dealers have not 
 been stingy with either time or money, and have arranged, for your interest 
 and pleasure, beautiful and magnificent displays, showing you the results of 
 ideas in making for you more perfect instruments with which to work your 
 skill. I believe that I can truthfully say that I never saw a more com- 
 plete and attractive manufacturers’ exhibit, and I am proud, indeed. 
 
 The dominant idea of the officers in preparing a program for this con- 
 vention was that it should be complete in the matter of instruction, cover- 
 ing as nearly as possible the different fields of photographic progress — to 
 give you something in the way of demonstrations, lectures, etc., that would 
 be of real every-day value to you after you get home. If this program be 
 carried out as we hope and expect, I believe that you will be satisfied, and 
 the time and thought that it has taken to do this has been well spent, the 
 long, weary, anxious hours of planning for this event will be changed from 
 hours of worry to hours of pleasant memories. 
 
 This convention should accomplish many good deeds. This is the 
 first time that the southern photographer has ever been given the oppor- 
 tunity of visiting a National Convention in a representative body, on ac- 
 count of the meetings being held heretofore in cities so far from their re- 
 spective homes. In other words, the South has long needed a convention 
 held within its borders, so that all Southerners engaged in the art of pho- 
 tography could meet and learn the true meaning of the get-together spirit 
 and of that co-operation which can only exist among people who are engaged 
 in the same pursuit of life. I feel that when the week is over you will all 
 go to your homes, not only with knowledge gained, but with the more kindly 
 feeling of good-fellowship— a better understanding of each other. 
 
 The photographer who is doing business in the same town as you is in 
 reality your best friend in a business way, if you would only come to under- 
 stand him better, for after you get acquainted with each other, by this 
 understanding you can help to boost prices, also to stimulate your public 
 into wanting photographs, which means that all will be doing better busi- 
 ness and automatically stop all cut-throat competition that destroys profit. 
 Oh, if this true doctrine would only sink deep into our minds, what a change 
 for the better it would be for all ! This is a simple truth, but it seems a 
 strange and true fact that the simplest truths are the hardest for us to 
 grasp. 
 
 Page tzvelve 
 
In creating the P. A. of A. the photographers wrought a wonderful 
 instrument for the betterment of their profession. It is an organization 
 that will assist us in every way, therefore we should give to this Association 
 our loyal support — and I do not mean by this that when you pay your dues 
 every year that you shall feel that your duty is done, but that you should 
 give thought and time, if necessary, so that all can co-operate in making 
 the Photographers’ Association of America bigger and stronger, so that it 
 will fulfill to the last letter the principles upon which it is founded. The 
 Association has accomplished much in the past and my hat is off to the 
 faithful workers who have shielded and nursed this organization through its 
 experimental stages. You are now enjoying the fruits of their labors, the 
 results of which is this Thirty-fourth Annual Convention, the program of 
 which is before you. I hope that in your opinion this convention proves 
 profitable. This is the last time, as President, that I shall make you an 
 opening address. I am adding my little mite to the Photographers’ Asso- 
 ciation of America and I hope that it will be one tiny cog, at least, in this 
 great wheel of progress — then shall I take my place in the ranks satisfied. 
 
 I thank you. 
 
 By President Tyree: I will now announce the committee appoint- 
 ments : 
 
 On legislation. — R. W. Holsinger, Charlottesville, Va. ; George W. 
 Harris, Washington, D. C., and Ben Larrimer, Marion, Ind. 
 
 Membership and Credentials. — Waller Holliday, Durham, N. C., and 
 Joseph Knaffl, Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Applied Ethics. — Ben Larrimer, Marion, Ind. ; Homer T. Harden, 
 Wichita, Kans., and Emme Gerhard, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Progress of Photography. — J. L. C'usick, Louisville, Ky. ; L. G. Stude- 
 baker, Kansas City, Mo., and C. W. Cole, Danville, Va. 
 
 Foreign Affairs. — Pirie MacDonald, New York City; Eduard Blum, 
 Chicago, 111., and D. P. Thompson, Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 Nominating Committee. — Ben Larrimer, Marion, Ind.; George W. 
 Harris, Washington, D. C. ; W. S. Lively, McMinnville, Tenn.; Waller Hol- 
 liday, Durham, N. C., and E. E. Doty, Battle Creek, Mich. 
 
 Selection of Next Place of Meeting. — George G. Holloway, Terre 
 Haute, Ind.; B. Frank Moore, Cleveland, Ohio; Herbert B. Medlar, Wood- 
 stock, 111.; George W. Topliff, Binghamton, N. Y., and Harry M. Fell, 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 (This was followed by the calling of the delegates from the several 
 States, but as the list had to be revised the same is omitted here, and may 
 be found on the pages of the proceedings of the Congress of Photography.) 
 
 Now those delegates who have not received their credentials will get 
 them in the morning about 9 o’clock. The opening session of Congress will 
 be at that hour, and every one is invited to this meeting. All active mem- 
 
 Page thirteen 
 
bers are invited ; you ought to be there, because there will be some important 
 legislation which means advancement and progress. Nobody can vote ex- 
 cepting the delegates. Your State is represented, and you can talk to your 
 delegates, and you can talk for yourself. If you want a voice you can get it. 
 
 By Mb. Cole: As I understand it, the question is now discussed before 
 the body, and then taken before the Congress. 
 
 By President Tyree: No, sir; the body has nothing to do with it, 
 except through their delegates. If you want anything you can speak to 
 your delegate. If you want to talk in Congress you can ask my permis- 
 sion and I will be glad to recognize you. This was to do away with all this 
 unnecessary, long, hot-air work that some of our fellows get into in our 
 meetings, and then when we are through we haven’t done anything. We now 
 expect to go through with this in a business-like manner. What is good we 
 will adopt, and if it isn’t good we will kill it, and kill it quick. 
 
 (President makes announcements of social features.) 
 
 By President Tyree: We are going to adjourn in a few minutes, but 
 I want to introduce a young fellow who is now located at Bucyrus, Ohio, who 
 is now in the new position that was created last year in Kansas City. It is 
 the most progressive move we have ever made, in order to have an association 
 that will be of benefit to you, not only at the convention, but for every day 
 in the year. This young man has been in office six months. He has 
 worked hard, and you have heard from him. 
 
 I want to introduce him to you personally. I want you to get ac- 
 quainted with him. You will find that he is tall, long and big enough to 
 hang all your troubles on. If you are looking for a printer he will help 
 you ; if you are in trouble, he will help you. I take great pleasure in intro- 
 ducing to you our new Secretary, John I. Hoffman. (Applause.) 
 
 By Secretary Hoffman: The President was exactly right when he 
 said that I wanted to meet every one of you. I want to get acquainted 
 with you, and I want, if possible, to find out a way whereby the National 
 Association can be of service to all and every one of you twelve months in 
 the year. (Applause.) 
 
 By the way, as you come into the hall, you are asked to sign your name 
 on a little piece of paper. We are doing that for the purpose of getting 
 the names and addresses of every one who attends this convention in order 
 that we can send to you the Association News — a sixteen-page magazine. 
 I want to ask, how many have received the May and June issues of the Asso- 
 ciation News? Hold up your hands. How many have not? We sent out 
 thirteen thousand copies, and this will be a sort of a test to find out how 
 accurate our mailing list is. It must be revised we know, but we want you 
 to get this little magazine all the time, and find out what we are doing for 
 you. 
 
 It is going to take a great deal of co-operation to build up the Asso- 
 ciation. No one man can do it alone, but we must work together, and by 
 that means we can build up a wonderful organization. 
 
 Page fourteen 
 
I want to meet you and I want to talk over the Association with you ; 
 and if in any way the Association can be of any service to you, I want you 
 to tell me about it. I thank you. 
 
 By President Tyree: I want to hold you about two minutes. There 
 is one real good thing that I had forgotten. Mr. Towles called mv attention 
 to it. I am going to ask Mr. Towles to tell you about it. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Towles: Friends, we have a real treat for you to-morrow. I 
 did not want it to be overlooked. We are going to give you the opportunity 
 to-morrow of seeing in person a young lady who has entertained, no doubt, 
 every one of you, very pleasantly and frequently in your own town on the 
 screen. We have been fortunate enough to secure the serv ices of little Mary 
 Fuller for our demonstrations to-morrow here. 
 
 By President Tyree: She is the queen of the moving pictures. If 
 there is no other business we will stand adjourned. 
 
 Page fifteen 
 
Friday Morning Session, June 19, 1914 
 
 10.30 o’clock 
 
 By President Tyree: The meeting will please come to order. 
 
 On account of the length of time that you were held in the hall yester- 
 day, we postponed the talk and entertainment to be given by us and that was 
 on the program at 12 o’clock by Howard D. Beach, and I am glad to say 
 that we will have time to hear this talk this morning. 
 
 Now I take great pleasure in introducing to you Howard D. Beach, of 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHY AND POETRY. 
 
 By Howard D. Beach, Buffalo, N. Y. : 
 
 There is a kind of photography that is, or should be, classed among 
 the fine arts. It is the kind that is governed by the same rules that must 
 be applied in painting and in sculpture; and as all of the fine arts, namely, 
 poetry, painting, sculpture, architecture, music, eloquence and the drama, 
 are closely related, we often compare their various qualities ; for instance, 
 music has color; pictures have tone; poetry is alive with pictures and music. 
 Now we are interested to know that pictures often have many of the qualities 
 of poetry. This is just as true of the photograph as it is of any other 
 picture. 
 
 The word photography has come to be a general term, including sev- 
 eral branches, which range all the way from scientific, or very exact pho- 
 tography, to kodakery. Still the great mass of photographs might be 
 likened to the kind of prose that is very matter-of-fact, pictures that show 
 the undeniable existence or reality of the subject. 
 
 The nurse girl, too, was matter-of-fact when the fond mother advised 
 the use of a thermometer to ascertain the temperature of the water for 
 baby’s bath. Bridget declared against it, saying: “I don’t need a ther- 
 mometer, mum; if the little man turns red, the water’s too hot; if he turns 
 blue, the water’s too cold, and there you are.” Now r the extensive field cov- 
 ered by the photograph is conceded to it because, almost no matter how one 
 comes by the result, it can be said with some certainty, “there you are.” 
 
 Hov 'ever, the photographs that I wish to speak of now, those that can 
 have anything in them of a poetical quality, are of the pictorial class. This 
 class includes portraits and genre pictures, landscapes, marine and deco- 
 rative pictures. 
 
 Suppose that, in order to get a little closer to the topic, we freshen 
 our minds on what constitutes poetry. 
 
 Page sixteen 
 
By CLIFFORD NORTON 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A very estimable friend of mine expresses it this way: “Poetry differs 
 from prose in these respects: 1. The subject matter of poetry must be 
 intrinsically beautiful, and must appeal to the imagination and the emo- 
 tions. 2. The expression of the thought must be in melodious and metrical 
 language. 3 . The form must be artistic and must have for its first object, to 
 please. Prose often meets one or two of these requirements, but never meets 
 all three of them.” 
 
 You surely have noticed how well these rules for poetry apply to the 
 kind of pictures we have in mind. Intrinsically beautiful ! Appeal to the 
 imagination and emotions ! Artistic in form ! And must have for its first 
 object, to please! Metrical! And we might almost lay claim to melody. 
 
 To take up the first item, “intrinsically beautiful,” the little poem by 
 William Watson might well be considered the artist’s creed. It is this: 
 
 “I follow beauty; of her train am I : 
 
 Beauty, whose voice is earth and sea and air; 
 
 Who serveth, and her hands for all things ply ; 
 
 Who reigneth, and her throne is everywhere.” 
 
 However, a picture might be beautiful to a degree and yet not poetical. 
 Beautiful in subject, but not poetically beautiful; beautiful in spots, but not 
 as a whole; beautiful in color, but false in other respects. Pictures must 
 have unity, and unity comes from feeling. Poetical pictures must lead the 
 imagination into action, they must stir the emotions, and emotion is the most 
 fascinating thing in art, though the most difficult to define. 
 
 There is a painting at the Albright Art Gallery in Buffalo, by Charles 
 Melville Dewey, in which the poetic characteristics are exceedingly strong. 
 There are few objects in the picture. Trees and a brook are vaguely por- 
 trayed, and the moon is a little above the horizon. But the picture breathes 
 a perfect melody of stillness. One, after concentrating his mind upon it 
 for a few moments, is loath even to whisper for fear he is disturbing the 
 serene and wondrous atmosphere. It is only occasionally that such pictures 
 are produced in any medium, whether in painting, photography or any 
 other process. Therefore, do not become discouraged if you have not yet 
 attained to this height, but study, and ponder, never mind what people say 
 concerning your work, think within yourself and the result will be a part of 
 you ; it will possess originality. 
 
 Now, while we are on this phase of the subject, let me tell you a secret. 
 One of the best times to get a landscape picture containing a great sense of 
 mystery, is the witching hour of day when night is busily engaged in spread- 
 ing her slumber-robe. It is the time between daylight and darkness, when, 
 for a very few minutes only, Nature seems to be off her guard, and will not 
 surmise she may be sitting for a picture. 
 
 Go with me into the meadow. The light is rapidly growing dim. The 
 clouds in the West are losing their crimson tinge; a stillness pervades the 
 
 Page seventeen 
 
scene. Trees, bushes and smaller bits, that would be void of pictorial in- 
 terest, could we distinguish every detail, are huddling themselves together 
 like drowsy sheep, and welding their divergent shapes into huge and inter- 
 esting masses. 
 
 Or shall we go to the swamp? Here Nature spreads first her white 
 covering of mist, out of which rise strange notes of birds, with the whirring 
 of their wings; the splashing and chirping of frogs, and the suction of air 
 underneath the bogs on which we stand. “But,” you say, “these things 
 would not come into the photograph.” No, perhaps not, yet we become so 
 imbued with the spirit of the thing that any picture that we desire to take 
 will breathe with a feeling akin to the feeling that is stirred in our souls. 
 Dawn, too, is full of imaginings, but here we have the difference of the dewy 
 masses separating themselves into smaller and smaller groups, as the light 
 increases. Of course a long exposure is required, and as a result only one 
 or two pictures can be made in one excursion. Still, have we not said that 
 only occasionally a wonderful picture is made, and who would not be 
 accredited with one? 
 
 I would not have you think that dawn and dusk are the only hours for 
 the making of poetical pictures : nor must you think that vagueness and 
 indictinctness are indispensable properties. Pictures that are made right 
 out in the open light may fairly sing with poetic feeling, but these pictures 
 are, if anything, even more difficult to produce. A very important point, 
 as you know, about a real picture is this: There must be no discordant lines 
 to carry the eye away from the point of interest, and strong light is very 
 apt to produce many of these lines, and with the result that undue emphasis 
 is given to the less important parts of the picture. 
 
 Now, the real artist is able to direct the eye of the spectator to any 
 part of the picture at will. Through a succession of lights and shadows and 
 points of interest he can carry the gaze of the observer to any part he 
 wishes. In this way he can tell his story, give his interpretation of the 
 subject and impress the observer as he was impressed upon first beholding 
 the scene. That is true art, and poetic art must needs be true art. 
 
 In portraiture these rules apply with equal if not with greater force. 
 The intensest feeling should guide the jdacing of every light and shadow, 
 every mass and detail. Take advantage of the so-called accidentals, they 
 help wonderfully in alleviating the stiffness ; see that the picture is full of 
 vibration. Every part of it must vibrate, must seem alive ; good poetry 
 never has dead lines, every word is built into the structure with a purpose. 
 So in picture making, every line must have its mission, its purpose. 
 
 Portraits may be poetical and yet strong, and of strong and sturdy 
 subjects; some of the greatest characters in history we know best through 
 poetry. The picture that conforms most closely to poetical ideas will live 
 the longest, because it will embrace the highest ideals in art; it will be con- 
 sistent; it will appeal to the imagination; it will be handed down from gen- 
 eration to generation. 
 
 Page eighteen 
 
Now let us recapitulate. We must assume that the highest type of 
 photograph, highest from the art standpoint, is one which has in it some 
 poetic feeling. 
 
 We have found that poetic feeling is generated first through the beau- 
 tiful. In picture making we would produce beautiful lines, beautiful tones 
 and values ; William Watson has told us that beauty’s throne is everywhere, 
 so that subjects are unlimited. Our poetical picture must appeal to the 
 imagination and the emotions ; that is to say, it must make us think and feel, 
 it must take hold of us, not alone because the subject may be dramatic, but 
 the illusion, the delineation itself must make our pulses throb in some degree, 
 as music sweeps all our senses into one appreciative ensemble. 
 
 I cannot tell you just exactly how* to produce such a result, but this 
 much is certain, unless at the time of taking the picture you feel all that I 
 have described, your result will not be poetic except by mere chance. 
 
 Take then your camera, and know that within its darkened chamber is 
 contained a God-given power to reveal truth, to interpret beauty, to express 
 thought in a melodious and metrical language, unencumbered by words, a 
 language that all people of all nationalities may understand. 
 
 John Keats, in the opening lines of his Endymion, has given us some of 
 his most sublime thoughts on beauty. 
 
 “A thing of beauty is a joy for ever: 
 
 Tts loveliness increases; it will never 
 Pass into nothingness; but still will keep 
 A bower quiet for us, and a sleep 
 Full of sweet dreams, and health, and 
 quiet breathing.” 
 
 Yet in picture making we cannot always get into the mood. 
 
 Thomas Bailey Aldrich cites an example in a monologue poem of the 
 perversity of the artist’s spirit. The poem is entitled, “In an Atelier.” 
 
 “I pray you, do not turn your head; 
 And let your hands lie folded, so. 
 It was a dress like this, wine-red, 
 That troubled Dante, long ago. 
 
 You don’t know Dante? Nevermind. 
 
 He loved a lady wondrous fair — 
 His model? Something of the kind. 
 
 I wonder if she had your hair!” 
 
 Robert Browning gives us a hint as to how to select and how to paint 
 a subject. Browning had a great appreciation for pictures. His poem is 
 
 entitled, “A Face.” 
 
 If one could have that little head of hers 
 Painted upon a background of pale gold, 
 
 Such as the Tuscan's early art prefers! 
 
 No shade encroaching on the matchless 
 mould 
 
 Of those two lips, which should be opening- 
 soft 
 
 In the pure profile; not as when she 
 laughs, 
 
 For that spoils all: but rather as if aloft 
 Yon hyacinth, she loves so, leaned its 
 staff’s 
 
 Burthen of honey-colored buds to kiss 
 
 And capture ’twixt the lips apart for this. 
 
 Then her lithe neck, three fingers might 
 surround, 
 
 How it should waver on the pale gold 
 ground 
 
 Up to the fruit-shaped, perfect chin it lifts! 
 I know, Correggio loves to mass, in rifts 
 Of heaven, his angel faces, orb on orb 
 Breaking its outline, burning shades absorb: 
 But these are only massed there, I should 
 think, 
 
 Waiting to see some wonder momently 
 
 Grow out, stand full, fade slow against 
 the sky 
 
 That’s the pale ground you’d see this 
 sweet face by). 
 
 All heaven, meanwhile, condensed into 
 one eye 
 
 Which fears to lose the wonder, should it 
 wink. 
 
 Page nineteen 
 
Now if the painting just described could be replaced by a photograph 
 of a dusky face, perhaps in some respects not less beautiful, let us see what 
 the effect might be on the young lady’s lover. Paul Lawrence Dunbar has 
 given us a sketchy poem entitled, “A Photograph.” 
 
 See dis piety ah in my han’? 
 Dat’s my gal; 
 
 Ain’t she purty? goodness lan’! 
 
 Huh name Sal. 
 
 Dat’s de very way she be — 
 Kin’ o’ tickles me to see 
 Huh a-smilin’ back at me. 
 
 Often when I ’s all alone 
 Layin’ here, 
 
 I git Finkin' ’bout my own 
 Sallie dear; 
 
 How she say dat I ’s huh beau, 
 An’ hit tickles me to know 
 Dat de gal do love me so. 
 
 She sont me dis photygraph 
 Jes’ las’ week; 
 
 An’ aldough hit made me laugh— 
 My black cheek 
 Felt somethin’ a-runnin’ queer; 
 Bless yo’ soul, it was a tear 
 Jes’ Fom wishin’ she was here. 
 
 Some bright day I ’s goin’ back, 
 Fo’ de la! 
 
 An’ ez sho’ ’s my face is black. 
 Ax huh pa 
 
 Fu’ de blessed little miss 
 Who ’s a-smilin’ out o dis 
 Pictyah, lak she wan’ed a kiss ! 
 
 Long before photography was discovered pictures were of great in- 
 terest, especially to the little ones. Dunbar has expressed himself concern- 
 ing a different art: “At Candle-Lightin’ Time.” 
 
 When I come in f’om de co’n-fiel’ aftah 
 wo’kin’ ha’d all day, 
 
 It’s amazin’ nice to fin’ my suppah all erpon 
 de way; 
 
 An’ it’s nice to smell de coffee bubblin’ 
 ovah in de pot, 
 
 An’ it’s fine to see de meat a-sizzlin’ teasin’- 
 lak an’ hot. 
 
 But when suppah-time is ovah, an’ de t’ings 
 is cleahed away; 
 
 Den de happy hours dat fuller are de 
 sweetes’ of de day. 
 
 When my co’ncob pipe is sta’ted, an’ de 
 smoke is drawin’ prime, 
 
 My ole ’oornan says, “I reckon, Ike, it’s 
 eandle-lightin’ time.” 
 
 Den de chillun snuggle up to me, an’ all 
 commence to call, 
 
 “Oh, say, daddy, now it’s time to mek de 
 shadders on de wall.” 
 
 So I puts my han’s togethah — evah daddy 
 knows de way, — 
 
 An’ de chillun snuggle closer roun’ ez I 
 I begin to say: — 
 
 “Fus’ thing, hyeah come Mistah Rabbit; 
 don’ you see him wo’k his eahs? 
 
 Huh, uh! dis mus’ be a donkey, — look, how 
 innercent he ’pears! 
 
 Dah’s de ole black swan a-swimmin’ — ain’t 
 she got a’ awful neck? 
 
 Who’s dis feller dats a-comin’? Why, dat’s 
 ole dog Tray, I ’spec’ !” 
 
 Dat’s de way I run on, tryin’ fu’ to please 
 ’em all I can; 
 
 Den I hollahs, “Now be keerful — dis hyeah 
 las' ’s de bugaman !” 
 
 An’ dey runs an’ hides dey faces; dey ain’t 
 skeered — dey’s lettin’ on: 
 
 But de play ain’t raaly ovah twell dat buga- 
 man is gone. 
 
 So I jes’ teks up my banjo, an’ I plays a 
 little chune. 
 
 An’ you see dem haids come peepin’ out to 
 listen mighty soon. 
 
 Den my wife says, “Sich a pappy fu’ to 
 give you sich a fright! 
 
 Jes, you go to baid, an’ leave him: say yo’ 
 prayers an’ say good-night.” 
 
 By President Tyree : I will ask the Secretary now to give you the 
 minutes and proceedings of the Congress, that you may know what we have 
 done. 
 
 (The stenographer here read the condensed minutes of the proceedings 
 of the Congress of Photography, together with all resolutions passed. 
 These are set out in full in the transcript of the proceedings of the Con- 
 gress, and would be mere repetition here.) 
 
 By President Tyree: As chairman I ask this convention to adopt 
 these proceedings. I would like to have some one put a motion to that 
 
 Page twenty 
 
effect. While I know it is not necessary, I would like to get your endorse- 
 ment. 
 
 By President Tyree : The next on the program is the presentation of 
 life membership to Past President Charles F. Townsend, of Des Moines, 
 Iowa, by Past President George Graham Holloway, of Terre Haute, Ind. 
 We read to you at the first meeting a letter from our esteemed past presi- 
 dent, Mr. Townsend, stating that his health is in such condition that he is 
 unable to be present, and we are very sorry indeed that he cannot be with us 
 to receive this certificate. 
 
 We will have the report of the Committee on Nominations. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : Mr. President, I have the report of 
 the Nominating Committee appointed by you. This was decided upon yes- 
 terday and sealed and put into my care and is directed to our Secretary, Mr. 
 Hoffman, but I will hand it over to you sealed as I got it. 
 
 President Tyree reads report as follows: We, the Nominating Com- 
 mittee, beg to submit the following report : 
 
 For President, Will H. Towles, Washington, D. C. 
 
 For First Vice-President, L. A. Dozer, Bucyrus, Ohio. 
 
 For Second Vice-President, Ryland W. Phillips, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 For Treasurer, R. W. Holsinger, Charlottesville, Va. 
 
 (Signed) Ben Larrimer, 
 
 J. E. Giffin, 
 
 Waller Holliday, 
 
 E. B. Core, 
 
 George W. Harris. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I move that the report be 
 adopted and the committee discharged. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: You are now to vote on each officer. For Presi- 
 dent, Will H. Towles, of Washington, I). C. 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : I move that the nominations be closed, the 
 rules suspended and the Secretary instructed to cast the unanimous vote of 
 the Association for Will H. Towles for President. 
 
 ( Motion seconded, put and carried ; and the secretary cast the vote as 
 directed, amid applause.) 
 
 Mr. Towles, President-elect: (Applause.) Friends, I want to express 
 my appreciation for the confidence you have expressed in electing me to the 
 highest office within your gift; and I assure you at the same time that I am 
 not unmindful of the responsibility and the labor that is connected with it, 
 and ask you for your hearty co-operation. This is no one man’s conven- 
 tion, nor is it a board’s convention. This board is merely your business 
 manager, and we must have your support ; and I want you to all feel that 
 
 Page tweny-one 
 
you are a vital part of it. I want you to give us your suggestions and help 
 us in every way you can. I thank you. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: The next is for First Vice-President, L. A. 
 Dozer, of Bucyrus, Ohio. 
 
 By Mr. Lively : I move that the nominations be closed. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : I move you that the Secretary be in- 
 structed to cast the unanimous vote of the Association for Mr. Dozer as 
 First Vice-President. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried; and the secretary cast the vote as 
 directed, amid applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Dozer, First Vice-President-elect (continued applause) : Mr. 
 Chairman and Friends: That is certainly fine. A good many years ago, in 
 the early history of our country, there was a man who said that he would 
 rather be right than be President. Now, my friends, I will admit to you that 
 I do not feel real good this morning. I am not as happy as I might have 
 been, but I feel this way about it, that I am going to work for the best in- 
 terests of this Association. I am going to do the thing that I think is the 
 proper thing for me to do. I am going to say right now that I am going to 
 take my friend Towles’ hand (applause) and we will pull and work together 
 for you. I am going to work with him this year. I am going to accept the 
 office, and I am going to do to the best of my ability all the work I can in 
 assisting Mr. Towles to make the next convention the best we have ever had, 
 ( Applause. ) 
 
 By President Tyree: For Second Vice-President, Ryland W. Phil- 
 lips, of Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 By Mr. Siiriever (of Pennsylvania) : I move that the nominations for 
 Second Vice-President be closed. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : I also move that the Secretary be in- 
 structed to cast the unanimous ballot of the Association for Ryland W. 
 Phillips as Second Vice-President. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried; and the secretary cast the vote as 
 directed, amid applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Phillips, Second Vice-President-elect: Ladies and Gentlemen, 
 Members of the P. A. of A.: I have, for a long time, been in the work of con- 
 ventions, and the work of conventions is to help photographers. It has been 
 my desire to help them and to receive help myself. I have never felt that 
 my field of action was on the Board of the National Association, but this 
 year it has been pointed out to me that it might be possible that I could do 
 some good, and I therefore consented to allow my name to stand, if there was 
 no one else to take the place. I want to thank you very heartily for elect- 
 ing me to this position; and I assure you that I will do everything in my 
 power to further the interests of the P. A. of A. and represent every photog- 
 rapher under that banner, building up, if possible, to double the size of the 
 
 Page twenty-two 
 
organization, and to treble the size of the organization, until we will have 
 an organization in which we will find all photographers doing the best work 
 they know how. This I say because I have seen in the last few years a 
 number of photographers that I do not believe were doing the best they 
 knew how. 
 
 And I hope my part on this Board can be the part which I have tried 
 to play heretofore, of helping the little man up and boosting the big man 
 upper. I thank you. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: For Treasurer, R. W. Holsinger, of Charlottes- 
 ville, Va. (Applause.) 
 
 (It was moved, seconded, put and carried that the nominations be 
 closed.) 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : It gives me great pleasure to move that 
 the Secretary be instructed to cast the unanimous ballot of this Association 
 for R. W. Holsinger as our Treasurer. He is succeeding a mighty good 
 man. (Applause.) 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried, and Secretary cast the vote for 
 Mr. Holsinger for Treasurer, amid applause.) 
 
 (Mr. Holsinger goes to the stage amid continued applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I know } r ou will pardon me. Mr. Holsinger and 
 I were sent to Milwaukee as delegates from the Virginia-Carolina Association 
 at the second Congress of Photography. This was where Mr. Holsinger 
 began to fight for the Association — at Milwaukee. Before that we w r ere on 
 the Virginia-Carolina Board together for two or three years, and we have 
 been very closely associated, so you can understand how happy it makes 
 me to know r that our good friend, R. W. Holsinger, can use his talents in a 
 bigger field and help this Association which he holds so close at heart. 
 ( Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger, Treasurer-elect : I thank you for the honor you 
 have bestowed upon me this morning, and I realize that it is up to me to 
 show that you have honored yourselves by electing me. I have refrained 
 from making speeches at this convention, as I have been feeling pretty badly 
 and was sick for ten days before I left home. But really, as the Irishman 
 says, this makes me feel very nearly better. 
 
 I assure you that I appreciate the difficult task that I will have in suc- 
 ceeding a man like Mr. Dozer. He has made an ideal Treasurer. 
 
 And I would also like to say that I believe in co-operation, and I have 
 been pleased with the co-operative spirit that has existed all through this 
 convention. Perhaps you have made a mistake in your Treasurer, but I wfill 
 try to show you that you did not. I know you didn’t in the rest of them. 
 We are going to work together on this Board for the good of the Associa- 
 tion, knowing that the other members of this Board have the welfare of their 
 co-workers at heart. I assure you that we w ill try to give you a convention 
 that will uplift the Association. And with the assistance of the Secretary, 
 who has made a magnificent Secretary in the time that he has been in office 
 
 Page twenty-three 
 
(applause), I will guarantee that in a few years from now you will be sur- 
 prised with the conventions that we will give you. I thank you. 
 
 By President Tyree: Mr. Harris, of Washington, D. C., is going to 
 leave, and he wants to say just a word. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I want to make just one an- 
 nouncement before I leave. “Papa” Cramer is real sick this morning. He 
 is a little bit worse than he was last night, and about the same as he was 
 yesterday morning. They hope to start him on his way home at 4 o’clock 
 this afternoon. The only thing that seemed to be in his mind was that he 
 wanted to thank everybody for those beautiful flowers. He says to take 
 back to you folks his blessing, and he is the most disappointed man in all 
 this town that he cannot be with you. I am glad that I can deliver that 
 message to you. I know we all hope to see “Papa” Cramer get home safely. 
 
 I am leaving in a minute for Texas. I am sorry I cannot stay with 
 you, for if I were here I would insist that San Francisco be our next meet- 
 ing place. 
 
 By P resident Tyree : We will have the report of the Committee on 
 Resolutions. 
 
 By Mr. Beach: Whereas, It has come to our knowledge that “Papa” 
 Cramer, our dearly beloved ex-President of the Association, has been con- 
 fined to his room throughout our convention week ; 
 
 Be it Resolved, That w r e transmit to him our sincere regret that he has 
 not been able to meet with us, and express our heartfelt wash that his re- 
 covery may be speedy. 
 
 I move that this be adopted. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Beach: Whereas, In the opinion of all who have been for- 
 tunate enough and wise enough to be in Atlanta this past week, this, the 
 Thirty-fourth Annual Convention of the grand old P. A. of A., has been not 
 only a complete success, but has also been exceptionally strong in educational 
 features and more than usually enjoyable from the many entertainments 
 offered; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That the most hearty thanks of the members here assembled 
 lie extended: 
 
 First. To his Honor, Governor Slaton, of the State of Georgia, for 
 his cordial words of greeting and also to his Honor, Mayor Woodw T ard, who 
 so generously extended to us the keys and the welcome of this splendid city 
 of Atlanta. 
 
 Second. To the splendid body of men and women who comprised the 
 demonstrating and lecturing staff of this convention, namely, Emme Ger- 
 hard, Miss Kate Simmons, Dudley Hoyt, Howard D. Beach, W. O. Breckon, 
 Fred G. Quimby and George H. Hance, George Clifton and C. H. Claudy, all 
 of whom gave of their knowledge and experience that others might benefit 
 thereby. 
 
 Page twenty-four 
 
By H. C. MANN 
 Norfolk, Va. 
 

 
 
 
 
Third. To the Board of Judges who spent long hours in examining 
 and criticising the pictures submitted for the exhibition, namely, Joe Knaffl, 
 Ryland W. Phillips and G. Hanmer Croughton. 
 
 Fourth. — To W. S. Lively for his work in connection with the fine 
 collection of autochromes. 
 
 Fifth. To the manufacturers and dealers for their fine generosity in 
 providing for the entertainment of the members and for their liberal dis- 
 plays of photographic products, and also for their ever ready support in all 
 things planned by the P. A. of A. 
 
 Sixth. To the committee of local photographers and dealers who had 
 the many entertainments in charge and whose hospitality and willing assist- 
 ance did so much toward making our stay such a pleasant one. 
 
 Seventh. To the local and also the photographic press for the liberal 
 space accorded the Association and its doings. 
 
 Eighth. To the Board of Officers, in whose charge are the destinies 
 of the Association, and who have shown that not only are they capable men, 
 but that they have worked to their utmost in the interest of our members, 
 and the uplifting of American photography. 
 
 Ninth. To the committee for selection of permanent Secretary, 
 Messrs. Plarris, Larrimer and Schneider, who performed their work to the 
 entire satisfaction of the Association in selecting John I. Hoffman for Secre- 
 tary for the P. A. of A. 
 
 Tenth. To AbeVs Photographic Weekly for the loan of the Traveling 
 Collection of American Portraiture. 
 
 Eleventh. And finally to all others who have been helpful in making 
 this convention successful, entertaining and otherwise so completely satis- 
 factory. And be it also 
 
 Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of the 
 Association and that copies be sent to all those who have been named herein. 
 
 W. G. Thuss, 
 
 J. C. Abel, 
 
 Howard D. Beach. 
 
 I move the adoption of these resolutions. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Harden (of Kansas) : Mr. President, I want to say I have 
 served the Photographers’ Association of America on the Board for two 
 years. During the past year a great many of you know I have not been in 
 accord with the majority of the members of the Board, consequently I was 
 not reported for re-election. I want to say there are absolutely no sore 
 spots, and it is probably for the best interests of the Association that I 
 should not continue on the Board. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: We will now have the report from the Com- 
 mittee on the Next Place of Meeting. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway: I will try to make this as brief as possible: 
 
 Page twenty-five 
 
“To the President and Executive Board, Photographers’’ Association of 
 A meric a : 
 
 “We, the Committee on Location, have diligently sought information 
 and have listened to the claims of various cities in order that we may report, 
 as our recommendation, points for the earnest consideration of the Thirty- 
 fourth Annual Convention in the naming of choice for the 1915 National 
 gathering. 
 
 “We unanimously agree upon and submit to the pleasure of this body 
 the name of the city of Indianapolis, Ind., being influenced by the signed 
 statement of the Chamber of Commerce and the features presented to us by 
 Commissioner Raphun, their personal representative here. 
 
 “We believe it our duty, and that of each member of the Association, to 
 name and vote for a meeting place at the center of population, in the heart 
 of the photographers’ population, and that if our 1915 convention is held 
 in Indianapolis, we will be insured an attendance of record breaking pro- 
 portion. 
 
 “It is our judgment that Indianapolis offers inducements that are un- 
 equaled by any other cities, and the important items meaning a great saving 
 to our Association, really about $1200, in the necessary conduct of our 
 yearly meetings and may be named as follows : 
 
 “1. Free convention and exhibition halls. 
 
 “2. Committee rooms and clerks, telephone and telegraph stations. 
 
 “3. Official stenographer or stenotypist to report the proceedings of 
 Congress. 
 
 “4. Hotel rooms free to five officers and their wives, at any hotel that 
 they may select in the city. 
 
 “5. Direct communication by mail to members and others interested 
 in the purposes of our Association, urging attendance at the 1915 meeting. 
 
 “6. Entertainment program in conjunction with local committee and 
 subject to the committee’s approval. 
 
 “7. Support of the three leading newspapers and the co-operation of 
 the Associated Press and the United Press, and the co-operation of the Con- 
 vention Bureau. 
 
 “Therefore, we, the Committee on Location, respectfully present this 
 report and move its adoption and admission to the records. 
 
 “Geo. Graham Holloway, Chairman, 
 
 “B. Frank Moore, 
 
 “H. B. Medlar, 
 
 “H. M. Fell, 
 
 “Geo. W. Topliff.” 
 
 Page twenty-six 
 
Now, Mr. President and members, I believe that if you will come to old 
 Indiana next year we will have, with the assistance of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce of Indianapolis, the largest attendance that has ever been held in 
 the history of the P. A. of A. Now that is going some. 
 
 There is a feature here that has never been brought up in the organiza- 
 tion before. That is Section 5 : Direct communication by mail with members 
 and others interested in the purposes of our Association. That means that 
 the Chamber of Commerce of Indianapolis will begin, six months before the 
 National Convention, the sending out of letters to all parts of the United 
 States, and keep sending them, urging photographers to come to the conven- 
 tion. That will bring us one thousand possibly, from that work alone. 
 That is all I have to say about it. 
 
 By Mr. Medlar : I move the nominations be closed. I would like to 
 hear from Mr. Raphun, the representative of the Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 By Mr. Raphun: Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: I am not a 
 public speaker, and I am going to ask to be excused from standing on the 
 platform, because I might be subject to stage fright. There seems very 
 little for me to do on behalf of my city other than, first, to thank you for 
 the honor of being permitted to address you, and, secondly, to ask that you 
 will not judge the reception that Indianapolis will tender you by the poor 
 oratorical efforts of its personal representative. I have not been expected 
 to make speeches. My particular business is to see that the conventions 
 that do visit the Hoosier capital are handled from a business standpoint, and 
 to see that each of these gatherings may have the assistance that they need. 
 
 I realize that the time of this convention meeting is short, otherwise I 
 might transgress and take up your time with my maiden speech, because the 
 only chance I ever had of addressing an audience like this is right here. 
 We have presented to your officers a signed statement, signed by the Cham- 
 ber of Commerce of Indianapolis, promising you support, specializing and 
 distinctly mentioning what we will do. Now I trust that there is no one 
 within the hearing of my voice that will believe there is an effort to bribe 
 this Association. 
 
 We do supply rooms for the officers and their wives, but that same 
 proposition has been made to every convention that has met in Indianapolis 
 since the establishment of the Convention Bureau. So that there has been 
 no special feature offered you on the part of the Chamber of Commerce. It 
 is a matter of business assistance that we trust we may be able to render you. 
 
 I want to say to you that there are so many beautiful features to a visit 
 to Indianapolis, that an ordinarily intelligent person could present to you, 
 that I am not going to try to take up your time with it. 
 
 I will tell you one thing, however. You have been invited to come by 
 the Governor of our State, the Honorable Samuel M. Ralston, which is, in 
 this particular, not the usual type of Governor’s invitation. Ordinarily 
 Governors are quick to send invitations. Governor Ralston has issued only 
 seven invitations up to this time. The Governor has sent an invitation to 
 
 Page twenty-seven 
 
your Association, asking that the convention next year be held in our city, 
 and his invitation is on file with your General Secretary. 
 
 Our Mayor, the Honorable Joseph E. Bell, goes a step further. When- 
 ever we ask for a convention our Mayor’s invitation goes with it and is 
 attached at the head of the list. He notified me that he is tired of signing 
 his name to invitations, so in your case he has issued a peremptory order to 
 bring your friends. 
 
 Now added to that, ladies and gentlemen, is the invitation of the Indian- 
 apolis Chamber of Commerce, representing, as it does, 2700 of Indianapolis’ 
 best business men from all walks of life. Men who do not promise to leave 
 their business to entertain you, but men who employ people for the purpose 
 of seeing that you have that which you are promised; so that, ladies and 
 gentlemen, is the way Indianapolis is asking you to meet with them next 
 year. We will give you all we promise. We will see that your entertain- 
 ment features will be secondary to the business of your Association, but the 
 entertainment features will be adequate. We will supply you with that 
 which you want to make a successful convention. 
 
 I ask you to honor us with your presence next year — 1915. I thank 
 you, Mr. Chairman. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : I move you that the invitation to hold our 
 next convention in Indianapolis be accepted. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): Mr. President, I have here a list of 
 the officers elected by the Women’s Federation. I have been requested to 
 hand it to you. 
 
 By President Tyree: The officers who are elected for the Women’s 
 Federation for the year 1915 are as follows: Miss Maybelle Goodlander, of 
 Muncie, Ind., president. I would like to have you come forward. Mr. 
 Larrimer, escort Miss Goodlander to the stage. (Applause.) 
 
 By Miss Goodlander (of Muncie, Ind.) : I am not a speech maker, this 
 will have to be my maiden speech also ; but I want all of you to come down 
 to Indianapolis. I am a Hoosier and Indianapolis is only a short distance 
 from us. I believe we will give you as good a convention as any State pos- 
 sibly could give you ; and I hope to see you all next year. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: For Vice-President, Miss Clara Louise Hagins, 
 of Chicago. I will ask Mr. Cole, of Virginia, to escort Miss Hagins to the 
 stage. ( Applause. ) 
 
 By President Tyree: For Second Vice-President, Mrs. Sara F. T. 
 Price, of Philadelphia. (Applause.) Mrs. Price come forward. Mr. 
 
 Shriever, kindly conduct Mrs. Price to the stage. (Applause.) Mrs. 
 Price, you’ve got to say something. Give us that thirty-nine sixty-three 
 piece. 
 
 (Mrs. Price recites the story, and is accorded hearty applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: For Secretary-Treasurer, Mrs. Bayard Woot- 
 ten, of New Berne, N. C. Mr. Cole, conduct Mrs. Wootten to the stage. 
 
 Page twenty-eight 
 
I want to hear the report from the Committee on Progress of Photog- 
 raphy, please. 
 
 By Mr. Cusick : I am a very poor speaker, but we have prepared a re- 
 port, and Mr. Cole will read it. 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia): Ladies and gentlemen, I expect you will 
 find me equally as poor a reader as Mr. Cusick says he is a speaker. How- 
 ever, the subject is so broad that I do not think there is any one within 
 hearing but will be sorry that some other thing, that he had in mind, was 
 not added to this report. I will read you the report, and it will give you 
 the details of a few things that will be open for you : 
 
 “There is no profession, art (or craft, if you please to call it so) that 
 has made more progress than photography. Just a few years ago Daguerre 
 and Niepce invented the Daguerreotype. We have at least one man attend- 
 ing this convention who began with the Daguerreotype. I refer to the ven- 
 erable Mr. Placard. I believe it was mentioned in the newspapers that he 
 is the oldest man in our Association. 
 
 “Since that time photography has gone forward steadily, and to-day it 
 touches almost everything else. Compare the Daguerreotype with the 
 beautiful art work of the present time. You do not have to go out of this 
 hall to feast your eyes on the most beautiful art, and to-day photography 
 has a place in the fine arts of the world. Page after page could be written 
 on the art side of photography. 
 
 “Now for a moment let us notice some of the uses in the trades and in 
 the commerce and in the science of the world. A great portion of the goeds 
 and wares made to-day are sold from photographs. The field of usefulness 
 is broadening each year. Stoves, furniture, clothing and thousands of 
 articles I could mention are sold almost exclusively from photographs. The 
 use of our art in the newspapers and magazines of the world is indispensable. 
 The college annual, the thousand and one magazines and books, all look to 
 us for aid. Take the scientific world and we come in for our share. There 
 is the X-Ray, showing often the location of the bullet or a diseased bone or 
 fractured member of the body, thus helping the physician to diagnose his 
 case. With the aid of photography the heavens are laid out like map- 
 ping out the streets in a large city. The projectile or bullets from the 
 cannon or rifle are easily photographed, showing the wonderful inventions 
 of Edison and others, so you see the use of photography. Millions of dollars 
 are spent each year on amusement and entertainments. Look at the part 
 photography plays in the world’s amusement and fun. 
 
 “The moving pictures entertain and instruct and furnish amusement 
 for millions of people every day, and it would be safe to say that $10 is 
 spent for entertainment and amusement in the ‘movies’ alone for every dol 
 lar that is spent for photographs in your town or city, and so I could go on 
 for hours naming the uses that photography is made to conserve. Take the 
 illustrated lecture given by Mr. Claudy, showing the great possibilities of 
 photography as applied to publications. I refer you also to Mr. Hance’s 
 
 Page twenty-nine 
 
illustrated lecture on commercial photography, also the illustrated lecture 
 by Miss Simmons, of New York, showing the relation of art in composition 
 and the use of light and shade and the balance of light as applied to pho- 
 tography. These speak with more force than your committee on progress 
 in photography could hope to do, and we predict that in five years hence, 
 the moving picture will play an active part in the world’s advertising meth- 
 ods. Therefore, we report wonderful progress along all lines wherein pho- 
 tography touches, so that even to-day the world could not get along nearly so 
 well without our art. 
 
 “The field of at-home portraiture is also another forward move, and its 
 scope of possibility is well-nigh unlimited. The kodak has made the photog- 
 rapher ‘sit up and take notice.’ Photography has become an educator and 
 helps to shape the thinking of the world to-day, thus making us, as photog- 
 raphers, educators of the public minds. 
 
 “J. L. ClTSICK, 
 
 “O. W. Cole.” 
 
 (Motion made to adopt report, seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mb. Core (of New York) : I would like to say a few words. (Ap- 
 plause.) I really owe it to myself and to you to appear in the sense of 
 making an apology. In the meeting at St. Paul it was very strongly urged 
 that the convention should be taken to Atlanta, Ga., and I tell you I feel a 
 good deal like the darkey who was asked to stay in a house that was sup- 
 posed to be haunted. He was put there and was to stay in the house all 
 night. His friends w r ent away and left him there, but decided to go down 
 about midnight to see how he w 7 as getting along. When they got down there 
 he was outside, and when they talked to him he was stuttering. One of the 
 party said, “Say, Mose, what is the matter with you?” He said, “Well, I 
 don’t know, I don’t kind of like it in there.” “What is the matter — are you 
 superstitious?” “No, I am not superstitious, but I am sox - t of suspicion- 
 anxious.” 
 
 Now t that is a good deal the way I feel about Atlanta. I owe an 
 apology to two of my good friends here — Mr. Holliday and Mr. Ho] singer, 
 because I openly antagonized them in the choice of Atlanta as a place of 
 meeting. 1 knew how 7 hard it is to get a body of men together in a photo- 
 graphic convention. I have had a little experience on the job. I thought 
 that I knew that Atlanta was a hot place to go to in the summer time, but 
 I tell you I did not know all about Tyree. 
 
 Tyree is a man whom I met several years ago, and right away some- 
 thing in the man appealed to me. I felt like taking him right into my arms 
 and calling him my own. 
 
 That, though, is secondary to what comes to me now. Tyree has not 
 only grown in my love, he has grown in the love of every one of you. But 
 Tyree has developed a character that we did not know 7 anything about. 
 We did not know that he was possessed of such power, such fascination, such 
 
 Page thirty 
 
executive ability. Why we all knew that Atlanta was hot, but just as soon 
 as Tyree took up the gavel the temperature dropped twenty-two degrees. 
 (Laughter.) 
 
 Now in this spirit of love, it is my great pleasure — it is my great 
 pleasure and it is a great honor to me to present to Mr. Tyree, our beloved 
 President, on behalf of the Association, a most beautiful watch, whose hands 
 will ever (like our own) in his presence be before his face and home, and 
 never will we cease to love him until our hands are crossed and still. When- 
 ever he looks at the face of this watch he will be reminded that the friends 
 who gave it to him are just as faithful to him as they always were. It will 
 tell him the “time” that he has them. It will also remind him of the time 
 that we had in Atlanta. (Applause.) It was subscribed for from those 
 who love him. It bears the inscription: “From those you love to one we 
 love.” I present you with this most beautiful watch. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: My good friends. There is a certain animal 
 that always travels with us, that we can usually control, but sometimes this 
 animal gets to where we cannot control it, and I am afraid that, if you will 
 allow me to say it, the presentation of this beautiful gift to me has gotten 
 my “goat.” 
 
 Four years ago, at Milwaukee, much to my surprise, they made me 
 Secretary of your Association. This is a confession. Up to that time I 
 attended the conventions, but I attended for one specific purpose, and that 
 was to have a good time. 1 didn’t pay much attention to the meetings. I 
 didn’t care much of anything about it, but I did love to meet the people who 
 became my friends, and I loved those friends, and I could not stay away 
 from the conventions on that account. 
 
 I was elected Secretary at that meeting, and from that time my interest 
 in the Association began to grow, and also in each member ; and I want to tell 
 you that just the moment a man pays his money in the box office for Asso- 
 ciation dues, just that minute he has grasped the key that has opened the 
 heart of Manly Tyree, and he grows in my heart from that time on. 
 
 I love every one of you, and this comes from my heart. I wish that I 
 could take every one of you by the hand. I appreciate this (watch), it is 
 priceless, and I shall always wear it and will go back to the time when this 
 gift was presented to me in such beautiful words. I really wish that I had 
 sufficient command of the English language to express the depth of my feel- 
 ings, but I cannot; I assure you I love you and appreciate this from the 
 bottom of my heart. 
 
 By Mr. Core : I beg your pardon for appearing once more, but really 
 I forgot the very best part of the speech. There used to be an old proverb 
 that the mothers handed down to their daughters : “That you should give 
 your cheek to your friends to kiss, but save your lips for your lover.” If 
 any pretty girl has ever been able to keep that, she has never been in Tyree’s 
 company. 
 
 Page thirty-one 
 
By President Tyree: I wish to say right now there is not a lady in 
 the room that I would not feel honored to kiss, and I dare her to come to the 
 platform. 
 
 By Mr. Shriever (of Pennsylvania) : Mr. President, and Ladies and 
 Gentlemen: This is indeed a pleasant occasion when the love and esteem of 
 our beloved organization expresses itself and its sentiment in such a way as 
 this. It is a great privilege to be selected as the spokesman of the “boys” 
 in presentation of the love and respect in which they hold you, Mr. Presi- 
 dent. I can well realize what this hour means to you, sir, for I shall never 
 forget the big appreciation that welled up in my heart when I was made the 
 recipient of the same expression of love and esteem they are extending to 
 you to-day. 
 
 The boys have remembered your expression at that time, when you said : 
 “My God, if I could go out of office this year with the same place in the 
 hearts of the boys as Jim, I would be the happiest man in the world.” It 
 was resolved then that you should. They have asked me to represent them 
 and to present you with this beautiful chain. May each link of its precious 
 metal ever remind you of your friends, the boys. (Applause.) 
 
 (Mr. Shriever presented a gold and platinum chain and a gold pen- 
 knife. ) 
 
 By President Tyree: Well, now that first present was not such a sur- 
 prise, because that has been going on for years, but this last one — I wasn’t 
 expecting anything like that. That was a very fortunate remark I made, 
 but I did mean that from the bottom of my heart. 
 
 I never saw r such love, such esteem, such honor, as was shown to Jim 
 Shriever in his own State at Scranton ; and it was a revelation to me of what 
 work and sincerity would do for a man. And I want to say that everything 
 I have done, every sacrifice I have made for the Association, for the work, 
 every criticism that I have received, every shot that was aimed at me, and 
 every blow that I got — well, it is worth it I thought, if I can go out of office 
 with the same love that they had for Jim Shriever, and now this chain is 
 given to me. 
 
 I appreciate it in connection with my other beautiful present, and I 
 think those boys mean it. I feel that you feel that way about me, and I 
 want to tell you that I believe it in my heart. 
 
 Now next year, when I am a co-worker, when I am marked down to 
 “39 cents,” I don’t want you to turn up your noses at me. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Shriever ( of Pennsylvania ) : Again, Mr. President, I have an 
 added pleasure for you. The generous firm of Sprague-Hathaway Com- 
 pany, which has had on exhibition at their booth a splendid portrait of you, 
 that has been much admired, have requested me, through you, sir, to present 
 it to your wife as a token of their esteem and regard. 
 
 By President Tyree : Everything is coming mv way this morning. 
 Now I certainly do appreciate this heartily, coming from Sprague-Hath- 
 
 Page thirty-two 
 
By PIRIE MacDONALD 
 New York 
 
away Company ; I appreciate it because it is such a good-looking picture of 
 me. You know it was taken a few years ago. 
 
 When Mr. Elwell was visiting me in Raleigh he asked me for a nega- 
 tive of myself. I am so used to having the magazines request pictures of me 
 since I have been a celebrity (laughter) that I didn’t give it any thought. 
 The only thing I told the receptionist to do was to select the best looking 
 negative I had. She thought this was a good-looking picture of me, and 
 so do I. 
 
 I heartily appreciate this in my own name and in the name of Mrs. 
 Tyree. Right now I wish to say that Mrs. Tyree fully expected to be here, 
 but she received a letter from an aunt of hers in Kentucky, that she had not 
 seen for ten years, stating she was coming to visit her. It was either miss 
 the convention or miss seeing the aunt, but next year she will be with you 
 at Indianapolis, as will our daughter of sweet sixteen, whom I wish to pre- 
 sent to you. I have missed Mrs. Tyree here a good deal this week. I ap- 
 preciate this gift very much indeed, I assure you. 
 
 By Mrs. Wootten: Mr. President, I was worried a good deal this 
 morning because I was asked to talk. While I do love to talk and I wanted 
 to talk to you, I knew when I got up here I was going to be awfully fright- 
 ened, because I have never talked to a body that was as representative as 
 you are — men of intelligence and women of ability. 
 
 So I got together about what I thought I would say, and came over to 
 the hall and thought I would say it over to myself. But I saw two members 
 I knew', and I caught them by the buttonhole and started to give them 
 my spoil. I had not any more than got started than one of them jerked 
 away and ran away just as fast as he could go. That kind of worried me 
 for a minute. I though perhaps the whole National Association might get 
 up and run away when I started; and when I got to thinking you couldn’t all 
 get out of the door at one time, I thought maybe I would have a chance to 
 talk. And I was happy. 
 
 I do love to talk, but there is one thing I love to do better. There is 
 one thing that brings me a joy I cannot quite explain; that is, when I have 
 the privilege of telling a woman that she has done superlatively well, some- 
 thing better than perhaps anybody else could do it. And when I was asked 
 to present this beautiful loving cup as a token of affection from all of the 
 people that have attended this convention to Pearl Grace Loehr, retiring 
 President of the Women’s Federation, I was indeed happy. 
 
 Pearl Grace Loehr is a big woman, and a capable woman, a master in 
 her chosen work at home portraiture. She has done more for ihe women 
 photographers of America than perhaps any other woman, unless it is Mary 
 Carnell and Katherine Jamieson. She has made the little woman feel that 
 she had a place at home among us. She has trained many w'omen w orkers ; 
 and it is certainly an honor and a pleasure to be asked to present this to 
 Miss Loehr as a token of affection from us all. (Applause.) 
 
 Page thirty-three 
 
Miss Loehr (Applause): For this beautiful cup there are so many 
 grand things I should say, but there is only one simple thing I can say. I 
 thank you. 
 
 (President Tyree then made the announcements of the day. and the 
 meeting stood adjourned to meet again on Saturday morning at 10 o’clock.) 
 
 Page thirty-four 
 
Saturday Morning Session, June 20, 1914 
 
 11.00 o’clock 
 
 Meeting called to order at 11 a. m. try President Tyree. 
 
 (Note. — This meeting was very informal, there was a good deal of 
 noise going on, and it was conducted more in the nature of conversations 
 than anything else, and the stenographer does not give the following as an 
 absolutely verbatim report, but more in the nature of a synopsis of what was 
 done.) 
 
 By President Tyree (addressing the manufacturers) : Did you find 
 that our program this year was taking up so much time that you could not 
 do business? 
 
 By a Manufacturer : I had all the time I needed to do business, and 
 I talked myself sick, and I did all the business that I could expect. 
 
 By Mr. Salzgeber : I have not heard any complaints, so far as we were 
 concerned. We were visitors any way. 
 
 By Mr. Fell: We had plenty of time, Mr. Tyree. 
 
 By Mr. Blum : I am well satisfied with the promises that have been 
 made to me for future business. 
 
 By the President: There has been a complaint in the past that the 
 program took up so much time and tired the people out so, that when it came 
 to the time allowed to the manufacturers they didn’t have anybody to do 
 business with. This year, notwithstanding the officers tried their very best 
 to hold down the program, we had a program that was complete all the time. 
 I want the manufacturers and dealers to understand that the officers of the 
 Association appreciate your co-operation and the support you have given 
 them. It is a support that we do not want to do without, and we could not 
 do without it. This is your convention as well as our convention, and if 
 you have any complaint — make it, or if you have any suggestions that you 
 can offer that will help us in the future, every officer will thank you for it. 
 We want to see all sides in order to make this convention a success. If you 
 do business and are successful, we feel better and it makes us more suc- 
 cessful. If there are any suggestions from the manufacturers or dealers I 
 certainly would like to hear them. 
 
 By Some One Present: There is one thing that I think would help. A 
 great deal of the time we do not have any one to talk to, and it is in the 
 earlier part of the session. They seem to be timid and hold back, and if there 
 was some way that we could get to showing our wares earlier in the term, I 
 would like it. 
 
 By President Tyree: That brings up a question I would like to ask 
 about. Since this Congress has taken over the legislation of the Association, 
 we only really have two open meetings. This time it happened on Monday 
 and Friday. That is, meetings of the entire membership. Of course, you 
 
 Page thirty-five 
 
are all welcome to Congress, but only two meetings that are really your 
 meetings. This body should be brought together every morning for five 
 minutes to announce the program for the day. As a rule, we hold our morn- 
 ing sessions at 10 o’clock. Maybe that is too early. 
 
 By Mr. Loeb : Let me make a suggestion that has more to do with the 
 psychology of sales than the actual sales. The men coming to the conven- 
 tions I generally find are rather indifferent, because they don’t feel at home. 
 I am not speaking of those who come to the conventions regularly, but the 
 others. I wonder if there isn’t some way to make them feel at home earlier 
 in the week. You cannot do any business until they limber up, as it were. 
 But after this feeling of timidity is over there is a feeling of good fellowship 
 and it brings an acquaintance between the manufacturers and dealers, and 
 the different members of the organization. When this ice is broken we com- 
 mence to do business. Right at the beginning of the session why can we not 
 have a foolscap idea of some kind and make everybody feel perfectly easy and 
 natural. It will make us all boys and girls again. I have found it is ef- 
 fective in business. It would also bring a large attendance on the first day, 
 and we would commence to accomplish business right away. We dealers 
 largely have the same goods, and after you are acquainted it is merely a mat- 
 ter of salesmanship. Therefore, if we can begin the program with some sort 
 of a jollification, it will help us out wonderfully. 
 
 By Mr. Tyree : That is the most valuable idea that I have yet received. 
 
 By Emme Gerhard: The first evening, or early in the week, say on 
 Monday night, why not have a great big banquet. At our convention we 
 did that, and we had 350 members at the convention in Missouri, and it 
 broke the ice and made us all feel acquainted. We got them together the 
 very first night. 
 
 By C. O. Towi.es: Why wouldn’t it be a good suggestion for this con- 
 vention to inaugurate a carnival day. Start right off in the morning with 
 a carnival and finish that night with a banquet. In my convention experi- 
 ence, which covers some years, I want to say to you that there is not any 
 feature that brings a body of people together and enthuses them and makes 
 them acquainted like a banquet. We have tried that thing out a good many 
 times. You get acquainted through fun and foolishness more quickly than in 
 any other way. 
 
 I believe if the Executive Board of next year would work out a program 
 somewhat like this, select one day early in the week and start it off as a 
 carnival, and let every manufacturer decorate his booth, and buy a couple 
 thousand pieces of foolish head gear, let everybody catch the spirit of the 
 thing, and wind it up with a banquet, I believe it would produce a feeling of 
 enthusiasm that you could not get in any other way, and I believe it is a 
 proper thing. (Applause.) 
 
 Bi' President Tyree: I don’t believe we can estimate the value of these 
 suggestions. I think they are dandy, I do. A great big carnival with a 
 banquet following will break the ice. The reason for the officers’ reception is 
 
 Page thirty-six 
 
not that we want to stand in line and receive, because we are officers or any- 
 thing like that, but it is to break the ice. That was the idea of the officers’ 
 reception on Monday night ; it was to get people to become acquainted 
 quicker. These suggestions are fine. The officers’ reception is too formal. 
 In these conventions so many people are timid, but if we can get them started 
 off right they will be all right. 
 
 By Somebody: I suggest that the Association furnish every member 
 with a card with his name on it, or so he can write his name on it, and in 
 such a way that everybody can read it. 
 
 By President Tyree: The Rotary idea. That is the best idea so far. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : Just a little suggestion. As you are 
 going to hold your next convention in Indiana, which is my State — and I 
 don’t want to brag on it (they havn’t so much to brag about), except for 
 two things. They have one of the finest things of its kind in the world, that 
 is their automobile track ; another thing that they have is this : They have 
 the most magnificent artificial bathing pool in the world; this pool is 900 feet 
 long and 400 feet wide, and it will hold more than ten thousand people. 
 There is a possibility there, if you want to get close to your neighbor in a 
 carnival, I believe you could do it in the water pretty fine. 
 
 By President Tyree: I just want to ask if anybody wants to 
 
 make a suggestion; if you do, don’t go any further than Mr. Larrimer has 
 gone. There has got to be a limit to such things. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer: I think if you would hold a reception in the bathing- 
 pool it would be a success. 
 
 By President Tyree : The trouble with Mr. Larrimer is that he went 
 to see Neptune’s Daughter last night, and he wants to hold the convention 
 in Bermuda. But I want to tell you that these suggestions are fine indeed, 
 and it is the very thing ive want to know. 
 
 By Mr. Rich : I am not a manufacturer, but I have a personal view- 
 point. Personally I don’t have as much time with them (the manufacturers) 
 as I would like. There was more for me to see probably than for the rest 
 of you. I tried to take in all the paper demonstrations, and I did not get 
 acquainted with the manufacturers. I think we should have a half a day for 
 that purpose. In that way they could demonstrate to us, and they could 
 just as well do it to fifteen or twenty as to two or three at a time. 
 
 By Mrs. Price : Why wouldn’t it he a good idea to have no printed 
 program, but to make your announcement each day? Then the members 
 would have to stay around for fear they would miss something they would 
 want to hear. When we would get through with one thing, then we could 
 announce the next thing, and so on. You could keep your crowd around 
 better, because as it is they decide it is going to be so-and-so and decide they 
 can afford to miss that and leave. But this other way, they would not leave 
 for fear they would miss something they would want to hear or see. 
 
 By President Tyree : Another idea ; keep them in doubt. More 
 
 Rotary. 
 
 Page thirty-seven 
 
By Mr. Fell: On behalf of the manufacturers I desire to express our 
 thanks to the Board, and particularly to John I. Hoffman, with whom we 
 have come more closely in contact, for his courteous and kind conduct toward 
 us during this convention. Isn’t that right, boys? (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: On behalf of the Board of Officers and our new 
 Secretary, Mr. Hoffman, I want to tell you that we feel deeply indebted to 
 every one of you good fellows who came here and helped us out, and put up 
 your beautiful displays. We are very proud of them, and we are especially 
 proud of your friendship. I thank you. 
 
 By Mr. Chambers: I would suggest next year that, to get a complete 
 record and list of names of those attending, a clerk be employed to do 
 this. In the National Daily fully 20 per cent, of the names are wrong, owing 
 to the illegibility of the signatures. Your bank can recognize it, but the 
 printer doesn’t know you and could not make out your writing. There’s 
 nobody to blame if your name is wrong in the list but yourselves. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina) : It has made my heart warm, 
 and I am glad to have seen the good spirit that has prevailed in this whole 
 convention, and especially was that shown yesterday. The best laid plans 
 of men and mice cannot always go aright. However, while I cannot say it 
 in just the way I would like, this feeling prevails and the atmosphere will 
 make up for any deficiency of mine in expressing my meaning. I wish I could 
 express what I have to say in a better manner, but I will do the best that I 
 can. 
 
 We wish to convey to you, sir, our appreciation of the manner in which 
 the Board has served us so faithfully during the past year, and we wish to 
 remember particularly the one who is retiring from it just at this time, who 
 has given of his time, and has served most faithfully. He is held in high 
 esteem by every member of the Association, and we wish this morning to pre- 
 sent him with a token of our love for him. I refer to Mr. Harden. Will he 
 come forward please? 
 
 (Mr. Harden came forward amid applause; stenographer unable to hear 
 the balance of Mr. Holliday’s remarks so as to report them accurately.) 
 
 I wish to present to you on behalf of the members of the Association 
 and of the manufacturers, from each and every one of us, this token of our 
 esteem, and we trust that you will accept it in the spirit that it is given, and 
 that when you look at it in the future it will bring to you recollections of the 
 sincere regard in which we hold you. 
 
 (Mr. Holliday presented a diamond studded gold match box.) 
 
 By Mr. Harden : I want to look at this, not as a pad for the toe of a 
 boot, but as I believe it is an expression of friendship from my friends. I 
 thank you. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree : I am very glad indeed that we held this meeting 
 this morning. I think it has paid you fellows to stop your hammering long 
 enough to come in here as I requested you to. I assure you the courtesy is 
 deeply appreciated. Personally, I think your remarks are most valuable, and 
 
 Page thirty-eight 
 
that is the way to get results. The exchange of ideas is the only way by 
 which we can progress. I believe, if we follow some of the suggestions, 
 that next year we will have the best convention we have ever had. 
 
 By Mr. Goodhart: Owing to the fact that possibly four or five years 
 ago I was quite anxious to get the convention to come to Atlanta (though I 
 failed to get them here then) I talked to the manufacturers all over the 
 country about the possibility of their coming here, I believe that I am now 
 due for an expression of thanks in that you have now come to Atlanta. I 
 told the people of the South that you were coming, and the boys said they 
 would come, and this Atlanta convention, backed up by the manufacturers, 
 has been a surprise to them. They have asked time and time again what the 
 convention would do for them, and they certainly have been shown by this 
 splendid convention, with its wonderful support and magnificent displays— 
 the best that we have ever had at a convention, I think. I want to say for 
 the South, to the manufacturers, that we are thoroughly pleased by the w r ay 
 in which you have backed up this National Convention. I think the boys 
 enjoyed themselves. 
 
 We are going to bring from the South a big delegation next year to 
 Indianapolis to show you that we are glad you came here. 
 
 By President Tyree: Frank Jewell Raymond says “we only use one- 
 thirtieth of one-thirtieth of our brain power.” There is no doubt in the 
 world but what Mr. Raymond is right. Mr. Goodhart is the one individual 
 who is responsible for us being in Atlanta this week. I want to say for him 
 that when we saw him in Kansas City we followed him to Atlanta. They 
 have made good down here, and they have given us their assistance, and I 
 will say that the Local Committee has co-operated with us. In fact, they 
 went so fast I could not keep up with them, and I had a darned hard fight 
 with that man Goodhart. He has more ideas than any individual I ever saw. 
 He is the one who is responsible for this. 
 
 By Mr. Feel: Mr. President, I move three cheers for Atlanta, the En- 
 tertainment Committee and Mr. Goodhart. 
 
 (Three cheers given and the meeting stood adjourned, sine die.) 
 
 Page thirty-nine 
 
Illustrated Lecture : “Photographs for Publication ’’ 
 
 C. H. CLAUDY, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 
 A small boy at boarding school received from home a jar of brandied 
 peaches. With it was a letter directing him to eat the fruit, but not to drink 
 the liquid in which they were preserved. The small boy disobeyed, and not 
 only ate the peaches, but drank the liquor. Then he became conscience 
 stricken, and desired to acknowledge his disobedience, but feared that, if he 
 did, there would be no repetitions of the gift. Finally he solved the problem 
 by writing home as follows : 
 
 “Dear Mother : 
 
 “I enjoyed the peaches very much. I want to tell you that I 
 appreciated not only the fruit, but the spirit in which it was sent.” 
 
 Like the small boy, I appreciate your kindly welcome, as much for the 
 spirit in which you give it as for the fact of your applause, because the title 
 of my talk must be in the nature of a mystery to many of you. 
 
 My understanding of the reason for being in business is that of a desire 
 to make money. Any method, then, by which any business man may add to 
 his income legitimately and honestly, is a good method. Fully understanding 
 that the main business of those who make portraits by photography for a 
 living is to make portraits, it seems, nevertheless, that there should be no 
 prejudice against any branch of photography which will bring in the dollars. 
 
 There are in the United States between twenty-two and twenty-three 
 thousand different periodicals. The majority of these are illustrated. The 
 majority of the illustrations are originally photographs. Somebody makes 
 those photographs. Somebody buys those photographs. Somebody pays 
 money for those photographs. 
 
 It is this variety of photography about which I am to tell you and this 
 money of which you can get a part. 
 
 It would be beyond my powers to attempt to explain in an hour the 
 whole story of the business either of making or selling photographs for pub- 
 lication. The market is before you, in the many publications, the publishers 
 of calendars, of post cards, of novelty pictures, in the advertisers who use 
 each year more and more photographs. The only way to sell goods is, first, 
 to have the goods to sell, and next, to show the goods to the customer. If 
 you have the idea, and work it out, the selling problem is the least difficult 
 of all. And as there are several pamphlets published on the subject, giving 
 the names and addresses of periodical and other publishers who buy photo- 
 graphs, I will not dwell further on that side of the subject now. 
 
 Nor must the photographic questions involved occupy much time. 
 While it is ti Tie that the expert illustrator with a camera, and the strictly 
 
 Page forty 
 
By JAMES W. PORTER 
 Youngstown. Ohio 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
news photographer, usually use special instruments and become proficient 
 in both personal nerve and in speed work, such helps are not necessities. Any 
 camera will do for most work — several of the most effective pictures which 
 will shortly be projected w r ere made with the smallest and most inexpensive 
 of hand cameras. 
 
 When all is said and done, the thing which counts in making photo- 
 graphs for publication is not photographic ability, but brains. Any child 
 can press a button. Those who “do the rest” are on every street corner. 
 What the editor, the publisher and the advertiser w r ant from you is not 
 photographic skill alone, but your brains, your ideas, your inner vision, 
 translated in black and white by means of your skill with the camera. 
 
 It is no part of my intention to advise any one to leave studio work 
 and engage exclusively in making photographs for publication. But few 
 photographers are so busy as never to have any spare time, and none so 
 isolated that they do not have the opportunity, from time to time, of making 
 those pictures for which various periodicals are willing to pay good prices. 
 
 As a rule, from two to five dollars is paid by a magazine or a news- 
 paper for a single print. Four to ten prints are frequently used to illus- 
 trate one article, so it is not uncommon to realize from twenty to forty 
 dollars for a single set of prints, made all at the same time. Moreover, these 
 pictures do not necessarily lose their marketability with one sale. A new T s 
 picture is seldom salable more than once — a purely illustrative picture, how - 
 ever, may sell many times to different publications over a term of years. Ad- 
 vertisers and art companies pay from ten to one hundred dollars for prints, 
 and magazines will pay prices as large, if the goods justify the expense. 
 
 I do not wish to attempt to add a financial interest to the subject it 
 does not possess. I do not think the average portrait photographer can 
 make any fortune by making news or illustrative pictures at odd times. I do 
 know that he can make additional money, often easy money, by the use of his 
 camera in combination with eyes and brains, and it is my belief that he who 
 can add to his income, whether he adds ten or a thousand dollars in a year, 
 and fails to do it, is either rich or foolish ! 
 
 The pictures shortly to be shown you upon the screen are fair examples 
 of illustrative photography. But I do not wish you to gain the impression 
 that this collection is representative of all the many varieties of pictures 
 which are salable to publications, or that, because you have not the oppor- 
 tunity to make the duplicates of these, therefore illustrative photography is 
 not for you. On the contrary, these pictures represent but the bare outline 
 of the field of w'ork which is before you. If they serve to illustrate the points 
 I shall try to make, they will serve their purpose, and the fact that similar 
 opportunities may be beyond the reach of some photographers is no reason 
 for discouragement. Opportunities lie everywhere. 
 
 That the pictures might possess a greater appeal than if they were the 
 work of one man, I have borrowed freely from many sources. And I trust 
 you will bear w ith me for a moment if I give public thanks to those who have 
 
 Page forty-one 
 
supplied me with material for the projection which I assure you is about to 
 begin. I would make my acknowledgments to J. Ellsworth Gross, of Chi- 
 cago, for slides of advertising pictures ; to the Eastman Kodak Company 
 for many action pictures, all made with some variety of kodak; to my friend, 
 Colonel T. C. Northcott, for a picture of Luray Caverns ; to the Multi- 
 Speed Shutter Company for slides of guns ; to my friend Folmer, of Folmer 
 & Schwing, for many slides from Graflex negatives ; to Frank V. Chambers, 
 of The Camera and Bulletin of Photography, for flowers and sheep; to Wil- 
 fred A. French, of the Photo Era, for travel pictures; to Country Life in 
 America for a slide of one of its covers, and last, but by no means least, to 
 your past President and my good friend, George W. Harris, for supplying 
 me with news pictures. 
 
 Therefore, if the pictures please you, you will kindly give me the credit 
 for having collected them. If they do not interest you, you know now the 
 various people whom you must blame ! 
 
 Photographs designed for publication can be broadly divided into two 
 great classes, which may be denominated News Pictures and those which are 
 merely Illustrative without news value. The two classes are usually fairly 
 distinct — occasionally a picture falls in both. Often a picture which has 
 real news value continues alive in the illustrative field — more seldom, a purely 
 illustrative picture develops news value later on. 
 
 Because the opportunity for making a news picture comes more seldom 
 to the operator who sticks to his studio than does the chance to make purely 
 illustrative pictures, I shall pay the less attention to the news side of the 
 question, and deal with it first. If the lanternist will kindly oblige. (Here 
 Mr. Claudy commented upon the slides shown. ) 
 
 America-' T rent . — Here is a typical news picture. It is that of the air- 
 ship America, which you will recall set forth upon what was to be an ill- 
 fated voyage for Europe some time ago. After various adventures, the life 
 began to go from the good airship America, and she drooped low r er and lower 
 toward the hungry sea beneath. The passengers of the Trent were inter- 
 ested, as you may believe, in the antics of the ship of the air, which l’ose and 
 dipped and rose again, and seemed in such sore distress. I cannot think 
 they were as pleased with the America, however, as were the crew of the 
 America w r ith the appearance of the Trent! However, that may be, as you 
 all know, the America was abandoned, her crew rescued, even to the cat, and 
 no harm was done save the loss of the airship and the disappointment of her 
 owners. One of the passengers upon the Trent had the forethought to turn 
 his camera upon the struggling airship, which picture later became of intense 
 interest to all the world, showing, as it did, the actual scene of the first 
 rescue of a ship of the air by a ship of the sea. 
 
 This picture is of international news interest. Sharply contrasted with 
 it is this picture: 
 
 Fire Scene, in Street. — Which has a purely local news value, unless, in- 
 deed, in such a fire so many lose their lives as to make the scene of interest 
 
 Page forty-two 
 
at large. Pictures of this kind are to be made by any of you who will re- 
 spond to an alarm, and in cities in which the local papers are not sufficiently 
 large to support a photographer of their own, such views should sell for more 
 than enough to pay for the trouble of making them, not to speak of the 
 interest which can be excited in your show case by displaying such views, to- 
 gether with others of its like. 
 
 Fire Engine , with Steam . — This photograph, while more striking from 
 the pictorial standpoint than the one which has just passed from the screen, 
 is in no sense a news picture. It might be any fire engine, at any fire. It 
 represents a very common mistake made by the beginner in news photog- 
 raphy. It is an excellent thing to have an eye for the beautiful and the 
 striking, and to make one’s news pictures both, if possible. But when beauty 
 is the main thing pictured, news value is usually conspicuous by its absence, 
 as in this interesting picture of a fire engine blowing off steam. 
 
 Broken Wall . — While on the subject of fire pictures, look at this ex- 
 ample of news photography. It is remarkable only in that the maker of the 
 picture has been clever enough to see that the damage done in this fire is 
 going to be a large part of the story. Hence he made not only pictures from 
 the street, showing the firemen at work, but climbed to the top of a building 
 across the way, to make a view which would show most plainly the disastrous 
 effect of flame and water upon the gutted building. It is a point worth 
 noting, not only in fire pictures, but in all sorts of news pictures which allow 
 a few minutes’ time to the photographer, that the point of view is important 
 here, even as it is in the studio, although the underlying reasons are entirely 
 different. 
 
 Wilson in Congress . — The news picture is as often concerned with per- 
 sons as with things — more often made of people in the public eye at their 
 work and play than any other variety of news picture. Here is the President 
 of the United States delivering his message to Congress assembled upon the 
 Mexican question. It is a news picture of intense interest, and one which was 
 widely published in both newspapers and magazines at the time. Of course, 
 few photographers have the opportunity to make pictures of the President. 
 But the point I wish to make is not inherent in any one man. Every State 
 has a governor, every city has some prominent citizens, every town has a 
 Mayor, every village has a celebrity of some sort. Pictures of these gentle- 
 men (or ladies) are news pictures when those gentlemen or ladies are doing 
 something, have done something, or are expected to do something, which 
 will bring their names before the public. 
 
 Wilson at Ball Game — -It is not at all necessary that the person to be 
 photographed for a news picture be engaged in some grave and dignified 
 occupation, such as telling Congress about the Mexican trouble or asking 
 for a repeal of the tolls legislation. The person may be playing a game or 
 taking a walk or riding a wheel, or, as in the picture before you, he may be 
 the first gentleman in the land throwing out the first ball of the baseball 
 
 Pag e forty-three 
 
season to be caught by the most prominent citizen of Washington, D. C. I 
 refer to Walter Johnson, sometimes known as “smokeball.” 
 
 Bryan and Reporters . — If it is possible to get a humorous aspect to a 
 news photograph, it is in just that amount the better picture. Before you is 
 a clever example of getting personality in portraiture. Notice the expres- 
 sion of the central figui’e, who is, of course, the Secretary of State, Mr. 
 Bryan. You will observe a certain worried, far-off look in his eyes, and an 
 evident desire to escape from the many young men who surround him. The 
 young men are the pick of the Washington correspondents of the great news- 
 papers of the country. They are attempting to interview' Mr. Bryan upon 
 two vitally important subjects. One of these is the recipe for a grape-juice 
 cocktail, and the other is the price of Chautauqua lectures, and as both these 
 were interesting sidelights on the Nebraska gentleman, the picture sold. 
 
 Battery at Harper's Ferry .- — I regret to admit that in the business of 
 making photographs for illustration, there are occasionally tricks of the 
 trade. It is, how'ever, undeniable that pictures made to-day and stored away 
 for future reference are sometimes used next year and the year after, and 
 referred to as “up-to-the-minute” photographs. Before you is a picture 
 recently published under the title “On to Mexico.” I happn to know that 
 the picture W'as made several years ago and at least two thousand miles aw r ay 
 from the troubled republic to the south. Yet it is a harmless deception. 
 The battery shown entrained at 4 o’clock in the morning. There w r as no 
 opportunity to get a good picture of it then, for the art of flashlight pho- 
 tography has not progressed to the point where it can make a picture show- 
 ing a quarter of a mile of road. Hence the newspaper broker pulled from 
 his files this picture, made a long time before, and quite shamelessly published 
 it. I should not like to be accused of standing here and advising immoral 
 practices, but it seems obvious that if there is in your town a military or- 
 ganization, for instance, a few pictures of it and of its officers, made now, 
 may some day be valuable as new r s pictures, particular^ with the chance of 
 service so plain before the country. 
 
 Indians at, White House . — I have one more photograph which I cata- 
 logue under the strictly news heading before passing to illustrative photog- 
 raphy proper. It is an illustration of how a photographer can manufacture 
 news pictures at will. The story of this picture, which is of half a dozen 
 Sioux chiefs coming to see the Great White Father at Washington, is simple. 
 The morning paper carried the information that a certain number of prom- 
 inent Indian chiefs had come to Washington to see the President and ask him 
 for something — it doesn’t matter what. 
 
 “Here,” said a city editor to his photographer. “Go get a couple of 
 automobiles, pile those Indians in them, and take them up and photograph 
 them in front of the White House.” 
 
 The city editor had had experience with Indians before. 
 
 “Be sure they have on their fancy dress,” he said. 
 
 Page forty-four 
 
Indians, as a rule, don’t like to dress up in civilization, because it makes 
 them conspicuous and draws too much attention. But the bribe of 
 a long automobile ride was too much for them. They dressed up willingly 
 enough, were photographed in front of the White House, taken around the 
 city, and given, I am afraid, an occasional treat of fire water by a reporter 
 more charitable than discreet. However, the newspaper had a unique picture 
 (and the fact that the Indians did not actually go into the White House 
 until several days later made no difference to the story) and the photogra- 
 pher later found a wide market for this picture in other newspapers and 
 finally in the automobile journals. 
 
 Racing Auto . — The illustrative value of a magazine illustration de- 
 pends less upon timeliness than upon that elusive quality known as human 
 interest. No ten-word definition of the phrase is known to me. A picture 
 may be full of people and lack human interest. It may have no people and 
 be full of human interest. Broadly speaking, that photograph has human 
 interest which will tell some story to one human being about another. 
 
 Apart from human interest, the greatest factor in making salable maga- 
 zine illustrations from every-day subjects is tersely defined in editorial 
 offices with a slang phrase. They say of a good picture of an old subject, 
 “It has a new slant.” “New slant” is a phrase you will hear again, because 
 there is no substitute for it. And if you can capture it and make it yours, 
 and get the “new’ slant” on the old subject, there is no reason why you should 
 not be highly successful in making photographs for illustration. To illus- 
 trate the point, consider this picture of somebody skedaddling down a track 
 at a hundred miles an hour or more, in an automobile. Taken as the illus- 
 tration of some special race, it is a news picture. As an illustration of a 
 story about racing cars in a motor magazine, it would help “carry” the 
 story. But taken by itself and without any printed story, it is too com- 
 monplace, good photograph though it is, to have much “human interest.” 
 Contrast it with 
 
 Automobile Crossing a Stream . — This picture, which, in spite of the 
 fact that the driver is practically invisible, is yet full of human interest. 
 This picture, which has earned me something like two hundred dollars and is 
 still working, has human interest in large measure. For you know that au- 
 tomobiles don’t drive themselves across country streams, and you surmise 
 that the driver is probably getting damp, not to say drowned. Here is some- 
 thing unusual happening to a human being, in a way with which you, the 
 beholder, are not personally familiar. Therefore, the photograph has 
 human interest, whether it be published as an illustration to a story on “The 
 Use of the Fool Killer,” or one which treats of “Water Proof Automobile 
 Engines.” This picture has been published in general magazines, in automo- 
 bile magazines, in technical magazines, in a children’s magazine, and I have 
 hopes of selling it to a Sunday-school paper and a bee-keeper’s journal be- 
 fore I get through, on account of its “new slant.” 
 
 Page forty-five 
 
This sort of picture is not in the classification of those that “just 
 happen.” It has to be planned for, arranged for, beforehand. In the illus- 
 trative field, these are the pictures which will bring in money in the exact 
 proportion to the amount of brains you expend in digging up your subjects. 
 
 Making this picture suggested a whole series, in which an automobile 
 forsook the roads and traveled across country. I will leave to your imagina- 
 tion the question as to whether the automobile really did travel across the 
 country or not. But the stories published said that it did, and here are two 
 photographs which seem to prove it. For the camera, in the editor’s fond 
 belief, never lies ! 
 
 Off the Road. — Behold, then, a party of cross-country automobilists 
 leaving the road for their excursion across the fields. It will be unnecessary 
 for me to explain to an audience of photographers that the hillside is not, 
 perhaps, as steep as it appears, or to remind you again that there are tricks 
 in all trades. A little tipping of the camera to one side, a little trimming 
 crooked on the other, and the car apparently takes a plunge ! 
 
 Taking Down Fence . — Nor did the rail fence stop the mad cross-coun- 
 try career of these daring motorists. As a matter of sober truth, we first 
 took down the fence, then backed the automobile into the field, put back the 
 fence and then took a picture. But the effect is there, and taken in conjunc- 
 tion with the rest of them — there were eight altogether — it made a successful 
 series. 
 
 The lot took one afternoon’s time. A friend loaned himself and the car 
 and the other fellows went along for a lark. The set has sold several times, 
 and altogether has brought in a little less than one hundred dollars. I 
 trust I am not in error in saying that even George Harris would not sniff at 
 a hundred dollars for an afternoon’s work. 
 
 Almost an Accident . — The automobile is a fruitful field for the making 
 of illustrations. Good ones are always salable to the automobile journals, 
 the country life and agricultural journals, often to the semi-technical maga- 
 zines. All you have to do is think up some “new slant” and go out and pic- 
 ture it. The commonplace picture before you was, at the time it was made, 
 such a “new slant.” Series of pictures had often been made showing the 
 teaching of people to drive. At that time few women drove gasoline cars 
 and there was some prejudice against it. Hence, a picture showing a near 
 accident to a woman driver while learning sold readily. 
 
 Leopard . — There is always a market for first-class animal pictures, 
 whether they be of spotted cats like this, too anxious to turn around and see 
 the nervous photographer with a pale face, sticking his head and shoulder in 
 the cage, or the common house cat playing with her tail. Naturally, few of 
 us have the opportunity to make pictures of cats like these in their native 
 haunts, and not all of us can have access to the zoo or the circus. Yet when 
 either opportunity comes, there is money in sight, particularly for the pho- 
 
 Page forty-six 
 
tograph which shows either the wild creature in his native haunts or the cap- 
 tive, as in 
 
 Feeding Elephant . — This view, in which Dunk, with a reputation for 
 vicious temper, indulges in a sparring match with his keeper. A picture of 
 this sort is really more newspaper than magazine in character. But it is 
 necessary to draw a broad line between the newspaper part of a newspaper 
 and the magazine or Sunday supplement part. There is no news value in 
 this picture — it would be just as good published next week or next year as 
 now. But it will go in a Sunday section of any newspaper whose editor 
 happens to fancy it, because it ties up the human interest to the animal in- 
 terest. Taken with a few more zoo pictures, it formed a series which sold for 
 twenty dollars and cost two hours’ work in a zoo, besides a couple of cigars to 
 the keeper. The title of this picture, 
 
 A Surprise . — Which is “A Surprise,” is more or less a mystery to me. 
 
 I don’t know whether the gentleman with the pleased smile is throwing the 
 horse or whether he is the trainer and the horse is turning a somersault. Nor 
 does it make any difference. There is action here, in large quantity. There 
 is human and equine interest, both. Of course, it would be necessary to know 
 just what was happening before selling the picture, but it would be equally 
 salable if entitled “Throwing a Vicious Horse” or “The Only Somersaulting 
 Horse in the World.” I am quite well aware that you have not, as a rule, 
 any very large number of acquaintances among trainers of horses, who have 
 vicious animals they are anxious to take out and turn upside down for your 
 benefit. But, as I endeavored to make plain in the beginning, these pictures 
 are not shown you with the idea that you will go and imitate them. They 
 are merely examples of newspapers and magazine photographs which have 
 sold. The same reasons which make these salable will make others of the 
 same subjects, though totally different in character, also salable. 
 
 The clean-cut action picture is always of interest to the editor. 
 
 Over the Bars . — Here is a good example of this kind of action picture. 
 To be sure, it looks as if the top bar is going down in an instant, but the 
 action of the picture is unusually fine, and the photography unusually clear 
 cut. A picture of this kind, showing one stage in a progressive operation, is 
 far more salable if it is one of a series than if taken alone. A photograph 
 showing the horse just leaving the ground, another on the near side, and one 
 on the far side of the bars and a fifth showing the landing, would, if they 
 were all as good as this, provide a series which would certainly bring in a 
 handsome profit to the maker, not once, but several times. Yet it would be 
 little more difficult and take but little more time, to get the whole series, than 
 to get the single picture. 
 
 Laughing Carl . — Any photograph which can produce a smile can be 
 sold somewhere. As a rule, photographs fall away below drawings in their 
 power to evoke mirth. I shall have to refer you to artists among you for an 
 explanation. I only know the facts. Now and then, however, you will have 
 
 Page forty-seven 
 
the opportunity to make a picture which will draw smiles or laughter. Such 
 a picture is always salable as a contents’ design, a cover design, or as an 
 illustration published simply for its interest and its power to please. Nat- 
 urally, many such pictures concern children — I suppose because we were all 
 children once, and love to remember our own good times, and think of our 
 own youngsters in their time of joy. 
 
 Children on the Beach. — Wouldn’t you, for instance, like to be there 
 now? I wouldn’t advise submitting such a picture as that for sale to an 
 editor for publication in January. Get it to him in early spring for late 
 summer publication, and you will have small difficulty in selling it. In fact, 
 attractive pictures of attractive children doing almost anything a child can 
 do, can be sold if you will only see to it that something more than beauty of 
 feature or beauty of clothes is in the picture. To sell, beauty alone must be 
 superlative.. Merely pretty will not do. But interest — that something in 
 a picture which makes you laugh or smile or want to cry, or wish you were 
 in bathing or desire a drink — interest which evokes some emotion within you 
 —that picture is invariably salable. 
 
 Polo . — The field of sport is a fertile one for the photographer who wants 
 to make pictures to sell to magazines. It is near at hand, for we are a sport- 
 loving people, and games of all sorts are played everywhere. A great maga- 
 zine used a picture similar to this for its cover this month, and had eight 
 more polo pictures illustrating its leading article. Nor was the story on the 
 game of polo alone. The editor had a “new slant” on the subject, and so 
 printed a story on the share the polo pony plays in the game. This picture 
 would serve as well as any he had to illustrate that story. The point in all 
 such pictures is action, and we, who form the reading public, like such pic- 
 tures because they recall either similar scenes in the sports we ourselves 
 enjoy, or moments of interest in games and sports we have enjoyed vicari- 
 ously from the side lines. 
 
 It is essential that the photographer who will picture any game or 
 sport should know something about it. 
 
 Baseball . — The man who went out to photograph a baseball game and 
 sat in the grand stand would have to have a telephoto lens, for instance, to 
 get a picture like this. Strenuous action, seen from a close viewpoint, is 
 always of interest. The photographer who knows baseball crouches near 
 third base when a man gets on second, and gets close to the plate when there 
 is a score even remotely possible. Editors of newspapers use a thousand 
 baseball pictures where the magazine uses one, yet there has been no year for 
 many past when I have not sold a number of such illustrations to magazines, 
 each seeking something new to tell about the game, but all depending on the 
 camera, the close play and the dusty slide for their illustrations. 
 
 Tennis Player .— There is less demand for pictures of the player of 
 tennis than for those of him who wields bat against ball. Yet there are cer- 
 tain magazines, among which are those of outdoor life and sporting interest. 
 
 Page forty-eight 
 
By HUBERT BROTHERS 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
which are always on the lookout for tennis pictures. Unless they are of 
 news interest, showing some great player in action, they must depend upon 
 something else than personality to carry them. In the picture before you, 
 one of the rarer plays of the game is shown — what is technically known as a 
 “pick up.” The play is difficult of illustration for two reasons. It is never 
 made if the player can handle the ball by any other play, and consequently 
 cannot be expected by the photographer. It is a play made with a quick flirt 
 of the wrist and therefore hard to get. This particular picture formed one 
 of a set of ten showing how tennis strokes should be made and brought fifty 
 dollars without a protest from the editor who bought them. I direct your 
 attention to the ball, off the ground, as shown by its shadows. The editor 
 was pleased with that ball, and others in the other pictures, because, as he 
 was at some pains to explain to me, he had just returned a lot of tennis pic- 
 tures which, as he said, showed the ball sewed to the racket ! 
 
 Football . — The football picture is always of use, somewhere. I do not 
 mean to say that you can go out to the next football game you have in your 
 town, make half a dozen action pictures and straightway sell them. There are 
 too many of them for that. If you can get any “new slant” on the game, 
 show any new side, picture any new play, your pictures are sure to sell. 
 This particular sample is remarkable because it shows the open work of the 
 new plays and the ball just leaving the kicker’s foot. Too many such plays 
 are but masses of young athletes piled on top of each other. Close-to pho- 
 tographs made with fast telephoto lens, showing a flying tackle or a fall on 
 the ball, will always go. But don’t expect to sell them the next day after 
 you make them. I recall one disappointed beginner in newspaper and maga- 
 azine photography who complained bitterly when I sent back to him a dozen 
 fine football pictures which he had submitted to me two days after the 
 Thanksgiving day game. 
 
 “What’s the use of my making these fine pictures if you won’t buy 
 them?” he asked me. 
 
 I was obliged to tell him that as the football season ended upon Thanks- 
 giving Day, I couldn’t sell his pictures after that date any more than I 
 could sell Thanksgiving Day turkeys. But I agreed to buy them the fol- 
 lowing August, if nothing better turned up in the meantime. 
 
 Pole Vaulter .— In many sports there is one and only one moment when 
 the height of interest and action occurs. These are more commonly races 
 and contests, rather than games. In the picture of the flying gentleman on 
 the screen, the moment is the moment you see pictures — the instant when the 
 athlete is just coming over the bar. In spite of the fact that many people 
 make magazine pictures with a pocket kodak and the skill of the average 
 amateur and the luck of the devil himself, it is none the less true that he who 
 can pick them out of the air like that by means of skill and practice is the 
 one who is going to land the order in sport pictures. 
 
 Page forty-nine 
 
Dash . — In a foot race, by all odds the exciting moment is at the finish. 
 The photographer who took this picture was so skillful that he actually 
 caught the runner with one foot on either side of the line, the tape against 
 his chest and neither foot on the ground. Any editor who wants any foot- 
 race pictures at all will naturally be interested in such an unusual feature in 
 any you submit, so that it is wise to call his attention to such pieces of luck 
 (or skill) when you make them. 
 
 Three Hurdlers .- — As an example of the difference between a too inclu- 
 sive picture and one of restricted action but intensified interest, I will ask 
 you to examine this illustration and the one which follows it. In this picture 
 three men are jumping a hurdle. Their expressions are interesting, their 
 attitudes are amazing, and the photography is beyond dispute. Yet there 
 is something about this picture which is distracting. Perhaps it is the too 
 many arms and legs, perhaps the evident fact that this isn’t a race but a 
 group of gentlemen having their pictures taken in the air for an afternoon’s 
 sport. Contrast it with this one: 
 
 Single Hurdler . — And you will, I am sure, catch my meaning. The 
 hurdler here is clearing the high hurdle on the hurdle path and we have a 
 better opportunity to study his action, decide upon his skill and mentally re- 
 solve that we will not go and do likewise at any opportunity. We have plenty 
 of chance to observe the gritty determination of his face and admire the 
 swelling muscles of his arms and legs and to thank our stars that w T e don’t 
 have to go and try it. Both these two hurdle pictures show T the art of pick- 
 ing the moment to perfection. 
 
 Diver . — One more sport picture, and we are finished with this short 
 sketch of the athletic activities in magazine picturing. It often happens that 
 the editor wants a picture of how not to do a thing as w r ell as one showing 
 how it ought to be done. Here is an excellent photograph of a bather 
 making a rather haphazard dive. A critic of swimming and diving would 
 point out that his legs are not together, that he is entering the water at an 
 angle, and that in about half a second he is going to make an awful splash. 
 Such a picture, combined with one showing how a dive ought to be made, will 
 bring more money than either could command separately. 
 
 Self ridge . — The “before and after” picture is the shortest possible 
 series of pictures. It tells a story. It emphasizes a point, or it explains 
 something. I know' of no better example to put before you than two pictures 
 which, stretching across five minutes of time, mark the making of the first 
 martyrdom to the conquest of the air by an aeroplane. 
 
 The picture before you shows Lieutenant Self ridge, his hand upon the 
 trigger of the Wright aeroplane, with Orville Wright beside him. The aero- 
 plane is about to start on its last journey on that fatal September day in 
 1908 when Lieutenant Selfridge w 7 as to lose his life. It is perhaps a melan- 
 choly boast to say one has made the last picture of a man alive. I not only 
 had that doubtful privilege in this case, but I am confident that I was the 
 
 Page fifty 
 
last man on earth to whom Lieutenant Selfridge spoke. You can see that he 
 i was looking directly at me. He was waiting for me to get the picture and 
 became impatient. 
 
 “Step back, Claudy !” he said. “We are going — ” 
 
 I stepped back, and they did go. 
 
 Wreck . — Five minutes later, after a quarter of a mile run, I made this 
 photograph. 
 
 As you all know, for it is ancient history now and hundreds of daring 
 flyers have been killed since then, Self ridge died. Wright was badly injured, 
 but recovered. Those two pictures, side by side, the one showing the start, 
 the other the finish of that fatal ride, were widely published. Of course, 
 when made, they were news pictures, pure and simple, and were out of date 
 two days after their making. But magazines bought them largely, and even 
 now, once in a while, I get a call for the “Last Sclfridge Picture.” 
 
 It may interest you to know that it is not, actually, the last picture of 
 Selfridge, though the last one of him conscious. I was heartless enough to 
 make a picture of him as he lay, broken, on his stretcher. But I never had 
 the lack of heart to sell it, and it has never been published. 
 
 Hauling Up Whistler . — Another example of the two pictures series in 
 which both are essential to the telling of a story, is seen in this and the pic- 
 ture to follow. A certain whistling buoy was reported to be on a strike. 
 Its mournful warning tones had failed to warn, and some fog-bound vessel had 
 all but struck upon a sand bar. Sent out to investigate, the Government 
 tender hauled the three-ton monster out of the sea. The photographer 
 tied himself to a tipsy ship with his belt and a rope’s end and got as close as 
 he dared to the huge iron pendulum as it came over the side. A whistling 
 buoy is moored only in rough w r ater, since it is the movement of the waves 
 which makes it speak. And a three-ton pendulum, upon a rocking ship, is a 
 very good thing not to get in the w r ay of. 
 
 But this picture, interesting as it may be, did not show why the buoy 
 didn’t whistle. So the photographer waited until the buoy was safely landed. 
 Then he made this. 
 
 Buoy Cut in Half . — Showing where and how some giant proptllor wheel 
 had sheared the long stem of the whistler in half. Both pictures sold to 
 newspapers, and appear at intervals in yachting, boating and marine jour- 
 nals, as well as in magazines which publish stories about the lighthouse and 
 life-saving services. 
 
 While on the subject of pictures which pertain to the water, let me say 
 that the editor likes his ocean pictures to have the different “slant” as well 
 as his land pictures. 
 
 Beach Scene . — The beach scene, for instance, is one which is continually 
 being taken and never getting published except as an advertisement or to 
 carry a story on vacation resorts. It is interesting, but commonplace. Yet 
 
 Page fifty-one 
 
so simple a thing as climbing up an electric-light pole on a boardwalk al- 
 lowed a photographer to get this. 
 
 Good Beach Scene . — Which was published as soon as offered, merely 
 because it was a little different from the common run of such pictures, as 
 usually submitted. The maker was clever enough to see that the flat per- 
 spective of the usual beach scene with more land than water was overdone, 
 whereas one from on high, looking down, was comparatively seldom photo- 
 graphed. 
 
 Launch at Speed . — The same principle is to be found in the next two 
 photographs. This is an excellent picture of a racing boat, and doubtless 
 as a news picture of that particular boat when she won an important race, 
 was perfectly salable. But as an illustration of the romance of the ocean, 
 of speed of vessel, as an example of picturesque water photography, it leaves 
 a great deal to be desired. In sharp contrast to it is this 
 
 Battleship . — A stunning example of a salable photograph. The mar- 
 kets for a picture of this kind are everywhere. Are the battleships ordered 
 anywhere — to Mexico, for service, or Cape Cod, for manoeuvers? Send a 
 picture like this. Does the editor want something picturesque and forceful? 
 Here it is. Is it a sea story which is to be illustrated? The very spirit of 
 the angry water seems to breathe in this picture. Is some battleship on a 
 trial trip? Publish this as an example of trial trip seas. Does some editor 
 want an illustration of man’s dominion over the forces of Nature? Here it 
 is, ready to bring in money to the lucky photographer, at intervals, from 
 the day he makes it to the day he breaks the negative. 
 
 Of course, not all of us have the opportunity to be in a storm at sea 
 when the battleships go by, and some of us wouldn’t be able to come on deck 
 if we were. But the point is not that you go straight away and hire a tug 
 to make a battleship picture, but that you never lose the opportunity to get 
 the picturesque, the startling, the unusual “slant” on a picture, of even a 
 commonplace thing. 
 
 Railroad Train . — None of us is so situated but that he can get a pic- 
 ture of a railway train going at breakneck speed. Such pictures are a drug 
 on the market. Every editor has a drawer full. If he hasn’t, hundreds of 
 amateurs will give them to him for the asking. There is no profit in the 
 picture because it is overdone— because it is the obvious thing. The picture 
 before you is a good example of its kind — it is sharp, well taken, the motion 
 is well shown both by the smoke and the dust, but — it wouldn’t make you 
 turn your head or the page in a magazine. 
 
 Snow Plow. — Here, however, is the “new slant” — the picture of a rail- 
 road engine which is different. In the north and northwest the snow is the 
 greatest enemy of the railroad — it covers up the tracks and stalls the cars 
 and buries the engines. Only a rotary snow plow can conquer it. But the 
 north and northwest is a strange country to most of us, and consequently 
 when we see a picture of the rotary eating its way through a drift and labor- 
 
 Page fifty-two 
 
ing mightily to do it — if the smoke, steam and falling snow are anv criterion 
 — we are interested. And so was the editor, and this, and half a dozen 
 more of the same series, have brought me in many a dollar and probably will 
 in the future. At least, unless some one offers me a very fancy price indeed, 
 the negatives are not for sale. 
 
 It should not be forgotten by any one who wants to sell pictures to mag- 
 azines that what is commonplace to one part of the country is strange and 
 therefore interesting to another part. One wouldn’t be able to sell a snow 
 plow r picture to a St. Paul magazine, or a field of cotton picture to one pub- 
 lished in Atlanta, with half the ease that the effort could be reversed. 
 
 Canoe and Deer . — It is for this reason that the true hunting, fishing or 
 camping picture is usually salable. The vast majority of the citizens of 
 the United States do not go camping in Canada or the Rockies or the South- 
 west. But we like to see how the other fellow does it. 
 
 And when, as in this case, we can tie our picture to the feminine interest, 
 it is a sure seller. Less women go camping than do men. There are less 
 women swimmers, hunters, fishers, sailors, than there are men. Therefore, 
 pictures of women doing any of these things are always interesting. In the 
 present instance, the picture speaks with the authority of truth to those who 
 have been camping and canoeing and moose hunting. Canoe, costumes, 
 backgi’ound, moose head, all speak of the great outdoors, with no suggestion 
 of fake about it. The matter of the fake outdoor picture is important be- 
 cause, so the editors of outdoor and recreation magazines will tell you, so 
 many fake photographs are sent them. And the funny part of it is that 
 many of the supposed fakes are real pictures which nevertheless look like 
 fakes. One must guard not only against an actual untruth in a photograph 
 offered for sale, but must avoid even the appearance of the fake. 
 
 Cowboy . — For instance, here is a perfectly good picture of what ap 
 pears to be a perfectly good cowboy cooking a perfectly good supper on the 
 plains. Now it doesn’t make any difference whether he is or isn’t genuine. 
 He w r as too perfect, if he was true, to look true. The dents in his hat are too 
 careful, the w'rist watch on his arm too elaborate, to look natural. The 
 editor said that when he went camping on the mesa, he took off his hot 
 chaps when he stopped to cook supper. He said he didn’t wear fifty pounds 
 of lead around his waist while he flapped the flap jack. He said he couldn’t 
 cook flap jacks, anyway, without some flour and salt and a little water, and 
 he didn’t see any evidence of any of them. He said the fire wasn’t properly 
 laid and the background didn’t look natural — Oh, the things the editor said 
 about the picture were enough to damn it over and over again. The maker 
 protested that he couldn’t help it — it was a real picture. Of course, they 
 all say that, whether it’s real or a fake. The point is, don’t make pictures, 
 even truthful ones, which look as if they were fakes. If you want to picture 
 a cowboy cooking a flap jack, have him look like a cowboy cooking a flap 
 jack and not like a motion-picture actor posing for his photograph. 
 
 Page fifty -three 
 
Rope Jumper . — Here is a cowboy picture which smacks much more of 
 the real thing because, while any one can put on a pair of chaps, smoke a 
 cigarette, and hold a frying pan, any one can’t jump the lariat without con- 
 siderable practice. It illustrates the point I am trying to make in regard 
 to making one’s illustrations seem truthful. It may well be that this is a 
 photograph, too, of a moving-picture actor learning a circus stunt. But it 
 doesn’t look like it. If you can get your subjects to look truthful, it doesn’t 
 make any difference whether they are fakes, whited sepulchres, or the real 
 thing. Incidentally, it might be said that almost any “stunt” of this kind 
 will make a salable magazine picture. People like to look at their kind 
 doing things they can’t do, whether it be a man jumping a lariat or 
 
 Bicycle Jump . — Careering through the air on a bicycle from one spring 
 board to another. Again I call your attention to the matter of point of 
 view. In a picture of this kind, which has a somewhat involved and compli- 
 cated background, it would be all too easy for the photographer to make a 
 mistake. The man who made this picture, however, calculated carefully be- 
 forehand (or else was lucky!) and placed his camera at such a height that 
 the jumping figure would be silhouetted against the sky, thus affording that 
 brilliancy of contrast which, in action pictures, is dear to the hearts of all 
 who must make cuts of photographs to print with ink upon paper 
 
 First Gun Picture . — The most spectacular “stunts” which have been 
 photographed recently w'ere those hig-gun pictures which appeared in Mc- 
 Clure's Magazine a few' weeks ago. Nothing just like them has ever been 
 published before, although many a gun fire has been printed. Here on the 
 screen is one of such a series, showing the first w'hite smoke just beginning to 
 issue from the cannon’s mouth. Only those who have tried to photograph 
 such relatively slow' objects as racing automobiles and express trains and 
 stop their motion at some predetermined point, can realize what it means to 
 try to photograph a ten-inch gun in action and get a picture of the pro- 
 jectile. 
 
 Second Gun Picture . — Yet that is exactly what the photogiapher has 
 here succeeded in doing — you can just see the elongated streak which is the 
 projectile traveling some five miles a second, three hundred miles a minute, 
 or at a rate which would more than carry it around the earth in an liour- 
 and-a-half ! Naturally, the opportunity to make such pictures comes to but 
 few'. But at the risk of becoming tiresome, I want to impress it upon you; 
 there are just as good and just as interesting pictures to be made for pub- 
 lication as ever have been made. You don’t have to hunt for ten-inch guns 
 or snow' plows or jumping bicycles — they are but examples of various classes 
 of pictures. The opportunity is everywhere, all about you, if you have but 
 the eyes to see. 
 
 Alexander Bell . — The technical photograph — meaning a picture of 
 some piece of mechanism, invention or discovery — is always salable, first, to 
 the trade journals dealing with the particular subject, and, secondly, if of 
 
 Page fifty -four 
 
popular interest, to popular scientific magazines, as well as the general mag- 
 azines. When making such pictures always include life, and, if possible, get 
 into the picture the inventor or maker or some prominent man who is exam- 
 ining the thing under discussion. 
 
 For instance, here is a photograph of a piece of apparatus called a 
 tetrahedral kite. At one time it was supposed that the future of the naviga- 
 tion of the air rested in the perfection of this peculiar sort of Hying machine. 
 The name and fame of the inventor brought serious consideration to the kite, 
 even before it was tried in public, for its father is no less a personage than 
 that Ur. Alexander Graham Bell, to whose untiring labors we owe the tele- 
 phone. In the picture, Doctor Bell is standing near the side, a white hat on 
 his venerable head, his pipe in his hand. Taken together with a few others 
 showing the kite performing in the air, this set of pictures had a successful 
 sale. 
 
 Big Camera. — If I should tell you that this picture represents the lens 
 end of the biggest camera in the United States, you would probably greet me 
 with polite incredulity. Yet it is a fact. The camera is forty feet long, 
 and has a lens of that focal length. It is at the United States Naval Ob- 
 servatory and is used for making pictures of the sun, every bright day at 
 noon. The image of the sun is cast through the long stationery tube which 
 corresponds to the bellows of the camera, by means of a heliostat or movable 
 mirror. I am showing this picture because it is the second one of this in- 
 strument I made. The first time I pictured only the lens. The editor 
 promptly sent it back and asked me to have some famous astronomer pose 
 with the mirror. There was a famine in famous astronomers at the time, 
 and I couldn’t get one. So I did the next best thing- — got in the picture 
 myself and told the editor that the title of the picture was “Photographer at 
 the Naval Observatory Making a Picture of the Sun,” which was as literally 
 true as it was misleading! Did I say before that there were tricks in this 
 trade? 
 
 Life Boat. — Once in a while it becomes necessary to use more than one 
 picture to show an invention, discovery or device. Here, for instance, is a 
 photograph of a new life boat, which is supposed to be impossible to capsize. 
 If it is turned upside down, it promptly turns itself right side up. Before 
 buying any of these, the United States tested them. The picture shows the 
 mechanism of the test, in which several men, hauling on a rope, attempt to 
 turn the boat over. But such a picture only tells part of the stor\ . 
 
 Second Life Boat. — Here is the needed sequel. The ropes are released, 
 and the boat, true to its reputation, promptly turns itself right side up 
 again, with a convincing splash which the camera caught. The market for 
 such a picture is a wide one. Newspapers all along the coast, boating maga- 
 zines, publications like the Scientific American, T e clinical World, Popular 
 Mechanics, all the bo vs’ papers — they are all glad to get pictures of this 
 kind because the pictures themselves are full of life and “go.” and because of 
 the interest of the subject. 
 
 Page fifty-fiv • 
 
Breaking Wave.— I have said that the merely pretty picture is not 
 salable to magazines. A scenic picture, to be salable, must have some un- 
 usual point of interest. I would not go so far as to say that the picture on 
 the screen could not be sold, because no one but the editor knows for sure 
 in advance what the editor will buy — and he doesn’t always know. I do 
 know, however, that it is a waste of time to go about making pictures like 
 this with the idea of selling them. While it is well taken, and pretty, and 
 might be used as a filler up, it has nothing particularly to recommend it. 
 
 Kodak Seascape. — Nor has this kind of picture, pretty as it undoubt- 
 edly is, a wide market. The photographer has made the most of his oppor- 
 tunity — he has clouds and a good lighting and a framing effect of trees, but 
 it is after all, merely a pretty waterscape. I have received literally hun- 
 dreds of such from photographers, both professional and amateur, who want 
 me to buy them, or to sell them on commission. So have I received dozens 
 of pastoral subjects, like this. 
 
 Sheep. — Which, while undeniably pretty and peaceful, will not sell ex- 
 cept for some very special purpose, as, for instance, if the editor happens 
 to be publishing a story on “Sheep Farming” or “The Joys of the Country,” 
 or “Where the Wool Comes From,” or something like that. But the chances 
 of your finding the particular editor who has the particular story for which 
 you have the particular illustration, are very slim. In a few words and 
 short, then, don’t send off merely pretty pictures. If you try to sell beauty, 
 send something stunning — something that takes the editor right off his feet, 
 either because it is beautiful or because it has some spectacular lighting 
 effect. 
 
 Night Anto. — For instance, here is a picture of an automobile at night, 
 photographed from the rear to give the effect of a silhouette against the 
 light of its own headlamps. A flash, the operator hidden by the machine, 
 made this oddity possible. I made it several years ago and I still sell copies 
 of it. 
 
 Mountains— Trees. — Here is an example of a picture so beautiful that 
 it can’t help selling! You will recognize it at once as being an unusual 
 piece of photography— you who have never tried it are requested to go into 
 the mountains and make a foreground and far distant study like this and 
 get as much softness and detail in both at once — then you will appreciate 
 that whoever the man was who did this piece of Avork, he knew how to use a 
 camera. 
 
 Clouds and Snow. — Here is another mountain scene which is unusual in 
 its appeal from the ruggedness of rock and snow to the storm clouds sweep- 
 ing overhead. Of course, you can’t pack half a dozen mountain pictures up 
 and send them off to the Iron Age or Home Needlework Magazine and get 
 fifty dollars for the outfit! You have to pick your market. But the market 
 is broader than the travel magazines alone, since all the great illustrated 
 periodicals, both here and abroad, occasionally publish pictures of unusual 
 or beautiful scenery. 
 
 Page fifty-six 
 
By FOSTER STUDIO 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
Flower Slide (Poor ). — If they want snow scenes in winter for cover and 
 for contents, they as frequently want flower studies in spring and summer. 
 Here again the market is overdone with ordinary pictures and wide open for 
 the unusual. I cannot tell you, nor can the editor, what makes the difference 
 between a striking and a beautiful and an ordinary flower picture, both of 
 which are well photographed. But I can show you. The one before you is 
 perfect as a photograph, but poor as a salable picture. It is too confused, 
 too massy — almost I said too messy. 
 
 Flower Slide ( Good). — Here, on the contrary, is one which is clean cut, 
 striking, dramatic and beautiful. There would be no question in any edi- 
 tor’s mind as to which he wanted, if he wanted either. Neither would he 
 doubt that he wanted none if I should send him only the first one shown you ! 
 
 Venice Pigeons . — There is an exaggerated idea possessed by many 
 people who travel that all one has to do is to bring back a few hundred for- 
 eign pictures, to make his everlasting fortune. Nothing could be further 
 from the truth. Illustrations of almost any place in the world can be 
 bought for three dollars in New York City. Of course, travel magazines 
 and editors publishing travel stories, get tired of publishing the same old 
 scenes, year after year, and they do buy new ones. But competition is 
 largely stifled, as far as scenery in this country is concerned, by the adver- 
 tising efforts of Boards of Trade, Chambers of Commerce, railroads and 
 steamship lines. 
 
 A few years ago I was in New Orleans. I met there one Frank S. Noble, 
 who comes from Rochester, N. Y. Friend Noble spent a whole day showing 
 me the city. I went home and wrote a three-thousand word story about New 
 Orleans, and when I got through, I believed I had lived there all my life. I 
 wanted a lot of illustrations of New Orleans. Did I buy them? I did not! 
 I wrote to a railroad, and the New Orleans Board of Trade, and they 
 swamped me with free photographs, so that what I sold was entirely profit. 
 One Ann was paying my traveling expenses, Frank S. Noble gave me the 
 story, and New Orleans and the railroad gave me the photographs. I had a 
 good time, and a three-figure check for the outfit I sent to the friendly editor. 
 
 Well, then, travel pictures are, as a rule, difficult to sell because so many 
 can be obtained for nothing. I suppose there is never a man, woman or 
 child goes to Venice who doesn’t photograph St. Mark’s and the pigeons — 
 and tries to sell it when they get home! 
 
 Paris . — Then they go to Paris and take some of her wonderful vistas — 
 corking photographs, too, some of them — like the one before you — interest- 
 ing, beautiful, and precious to the maker. But why should the editor buy 
 them? They are commonplaces to most travelers, and, anyway, the big 
 stock houses, like Underwood & Underwood, or Paul Thompson, have them 
 by scores. 
 
 Russian Church . — The travel picture which is more readily salable is the 
 picture which is of some special thing, rather than an inclusive scene. Had 
 
 Page fifty-seven 
 
I been to Geneva and pictured this Russian Church, for instance, I do not 
 think I would have much difficulty in selling it, with a few facts about it, to 
 some denominational paper. But that it would pay me to go to Geneva to 
 make the picture and get the facts, in order to sell it, is, of course, an 
 absurdity. 
 
 Alhambra Court Yard. — On the other hand, the beautiful picture made 
 as a travel illustration will always sell — if only it is beautiful enough. I 
 would like to own the negative of this, for instance. It is not only a replica 
 of a beautiful thing itself — it is a superb example of photography, taken, as 
 it is, against the light and yet with its shadows absolutely transparent and 
 no halation whatever to mar the wonderful carving. 
 
 Luray. — Presumably you will travel first and more in your own country 
 than abroad. And you will find a thousand natural wonders here to photo- 
 graph. The trouble is, as I have said, there are so many to be obtained free. 
 Yet once in a while you will find a chance to get a good picture of some 
 natural phenomenon, or to get that everlasting “new slant” which always 
 spells cash. In the screen is a photograph of what is known as Skeleton 
 Gorge in the caverns of Luray, Va., because the remains of some prehistoric 
 ancestors of yours and mine are to be seen there. You have probably seen 
 this picture in print — at least it has been published many times. And 
 whether you live near Luray or Mammoth Cave, or the geysers of the Yel- 
 lowstone, or the natural bridges of Utah, or the Grand Canyon of Arizona, 
 or the Natural Bridge of Virginia, or Hot Springs, or Niagara Falls, or an 
 irrigation project or a petrified forest, there is always material which will 
 sell- — if only you can get the new slant upon it, different from what the other 
 fellow has had before you. 
 
 Interior.- — While on the subject of pictures which sell because of their 
 beauty, I want to mention interiors of striking loveliness or interest. I also 
 want to say that I am not showing this picture because of its beauty. It is 
 the interior of one of the rooms of the German Embassy in Washington, and 
 is interesting because of the great value of the art objects which are there. 
 While few of you will have access to embassies, all of you who practice the 
 making of home portraits will have the opportunity to make interiors of 
 homes, and such journals as House and Garden, American Homes and Gar- 
 dens, Suburban Life, and Country Life in America, are always on the look- 
 out for interiors which show beauty, interest, unique arrangement or un- 
 usual decoration. While making a home portrait, it takes but little more 
 time and only a plate or so to secure an interior of the room, and the ma- 
 jority of home owners will be glad to have you make such a picture if you 
 desire. 
 
 Beautiful Women. — That Ansco contest to determine the most beautiful 
 women in America is an opportunity for all who make photographs for illus- 
 tration, and I want to impress on you that it is not going to be won by femi- 
 nine beauty alone. If 1 knew in advance the name of the most beautiful 
 
 Page fifty-eight 
 
woman in America and if she was willing to pose for me, would I win that 
 prize? I would not. I could not compete with you who are masters and 
 mistresses of portraiture. Nor can you, skillful though you are, win without 
 some beauty of model. Who wins this contest is he who can best translate a 
 woman’s beauty in picture form — who can, in other words, best do it justice 
 - — -with a new slant ! 
 
 Head and Bird . — Another form of the picture of beauty alone is the 
 fancy or so-called “art” picture or “art study,” of which many are made 
 and few are sold. There are few sold because few are sufficiently beautiful. 
 The one on the screen, which many of you will recognize as an old convention 
 picture, is of the type which sells to the manufacturers of calendars, fancy 
 post cards, etc. At least one member of this body, Mr. Knaffi, can give you 
 information regarding such pictures, since his Madonna is famous through- 
 out both homes and art stores of the land. I can speak with less authority, 
 because I have personally done but little of such work. One of my excur- 
 sions into it netted considerable money, however. I refer to 
 
 The Patrol — which is before you. I regret to say that the lantern slide 
 is by no means as good as the original, and you may perhaps wonder what 
 there is in this picture to make it sell. I have sometimes wondered myself. 
 Yet I can only say that it has been exhibited at three international exposi- 
 tions as showing the very spirit of the life-saving service, that I have person- 
 ally sold more than fifty copies, and that I then sold the negative to an art 
 company which paid me a lump sum and at the same time left me with the 
 publication rights in the picture. 
 
 Girl Carrying Camera . — The subject of making photographs for the 
 use of advertisers is a large one — much too large to handle in the small in- 
 terval left me. But it would surely be a sad omission if I left the subject 
 without showing a few samples of advertising photography. 
 
 The example which will immediately occur to you all is that annual 
 advertising competition in which the Eastman Kodak Company offers large 
 prizes for the making of photographs suitable for its own advertising. 
 
 In these pictures, as in all photographs for use of advertisers, it is the 
 idea which counts — not the mere technical skill. It is not sufficient merely 
 to show a kodak in use. I know of a photographer who made a picture of a 
 woman in widow’s weeds kodaking a grave stone, with the idea of winning a 
 kodak prize. Can }'ou imagine any sane person thinking that such a picture 
 would be good advertising? Thousands of pictures are sent to Rochester in 
 that competition which are of no advertising value whatever — merely good 
 or bad photographs. 
 
 Here is an example of good advertising photography as applied to the 
 kodak — a picture of a girl carrying an instrument. It is a good advertising 
 picture because it ties up a joyous and pretty girl with a kodak. 
 
 Bride Picture . — Another excellent example of the art is this attractive 
 picture of photographing the bride — tieing up the kodak with an event which 
 
 Page fifty-nine 
 
is attractive in itself, and doing it by means of a first-class photograph. 
 Personally, I think the picture is open to criticism because of the case hang- 
 ing from the arm of the fair photographer. It not only makes an unat- 
 tractive black spot upon the light dress in the light surroundings, but it is 
 unnatural. Surely the lady would take enough pains with photographing 
 her friend in bridal array to make it necessary to lay down the case while 
 doing the work ! It is not necessary to have too many evidences of kodaks 
 all over the place in order to make such a picture good advertising. 
 
 Girls with Book . — For instance, here is a first-class advertising picture 
 which has no hint of a kodak in it. Merely two attractive young ladies with 
 an album — by implication an album of kodak prints — showing the enjoyment 
 to be had out of a kodak after the summer is over. 
 
 Nor is it necessary to make such pictures with pretty girls, although, 
 if one uses girls at all, certainly pretty ones are indicated. 
 
 Boy Scout . — This attractive picture puts kodakery before the boy 
 scout in a way in which he must notice it, and such a way that it is very 
 likely to be brought to the attention of his parents. It would seem that the 
 apparent lump of ice on which he is seated might me metamorphosed into 
 something more comfortable, and a less studio-like background might make 
 the picture more natural, but in spite of these things, it is a wholesome, in- 
 teresting, clever picture — a good advertising picture. 
 
 Boys on Bank . — The obvious naturalness of this picture needs no praise 
 from me. All boys like the country, the woods, the water. If more boys 
 can be taught to use kodaks on their “hikes,” then more cameras and sup- 
 plies will be sold — and that is what advertising is for. Hence, a picture 
 which shows two boys interested in photographing something on the river is 
 sure to carry the suggestion to an}' lad w r ho sees it, “By George, I’d like to 
 have a camera. I must ask Dad !” and there you are. 
 
 Omega Oil . — Do not get the idea that because the Eastman Kodak 
 Company offers prizes for advertising photographs, it is your only market. 
 Every advertiser who uses the magazines is a possible market. More and 
 more are advertisers coming to use the photograph in preference to the 
 drawing, painting or line picture, partly because of increased perfection in 
 the printing of the half-tones wdiich reproduce photographs and partly be- 
 cause of the increased perfection of the photograph as a means of telling a 
 good advertising story. 
 
 J. Ellsworth Gross, who is famous as a maker of photographs for ad- 
 vertisers, sends me this and the following pictures, as illustrations of the fact 
 that it is the idea, not the photograph, which counts. There is nothing in 
 any of his photographs which could not be duplicated by any photographer, 
 as far as models are concerned. What you see is, of course, the finished 
 advertisement, not the original photograph. No one who rides in street cars 
 but knows the Omega Oil people — with their lame backs and sore legs and 
 
 Page sixty 
 
bruised arms and aching heads ! A perfectly simple idea, but yet a salable 
 one. 
 
 Boy and Slate . — Children make especially attractive models for adver- 
 tisers, since we all respond, more or less, to the appeal of childish beauty 
 and the winningness of a childish smile. This has been utilized here in this 
 attractive picture of a small boy with a giant slate, on which is inscribed a 
 smile-producing reference to “sending the holler right out of me !” 
 
 Bachelor Cigar . — Those of you who smoke have probably sampled a 
 Bachelor cigar. If you haven’t, ask for it next time you go to a cigar stand 
 and notice the lithograph on the end of the box. You will see that it was 
 made from this combination print of a bachelor, seeing in the curls of smoke 
 from his cigar a dream of his lady fair. There was nothing inherently diffi- 
 cult in this idea, either, any more than there was in 
 
 Mammy . — Mammy and her bag of flour. Mammy is famous as that 
 cook who smiles at you from the rear of every magazine on the news stands, 
 yet Mammy, like the cook, started as an idea and finished as a photograph 
 and a good-sized check. There were mammies and cooks before there were 
 advertisements, and there are plenty left. It remains only for you to use 
 your thinking apparatus to enjoy some of the money paid out for photo- 
 graphs containing clever advertising ideas. 
 
 Snow Girl .- — The world is full of pretty girls. Your sister— -some other 
 fellow’s sister — a professional model — -are to be found everywhere. This was 
 another simple thought — a black background, some dots of white, and a 
 pretty girl with a muff. Yet it is an excellent and attractive advertisement, 
 and, as such, made money for its maker. 
 
 Cover Designs . — One more suggestion, and I will tax your patience no 
 longer. Making covers for magazines is a separate art in itself. A cover 
 photograph must either fill a want, or be, in some way, striking or original. 
 On the screen is a picture which appeared as the cover photograph of the 
 largest motoring magazine published. You may, perhaps, wonder in what 
 way it is either beautiful or striking. Yet it covered a magazine which at 
 that time was anxious to impress upon the public the suitability of the gaso- 
 line car for woman’s use. The picture is further worth a moment’s attention 
 in that it combines the cover photograph with the advertising photograph. 
 I made it and took in one hundred and ten dollars for it. Ten for the pho- 
 tograph, paid by the publication, and one hundred from the manufacturers of 
 the car who were willing to pay me that amount for the sake of having me 
 use their car in this connection. 
 
 Those early days of the industry are over — such sums would hardly be 
 paid to-day by motor-car manufacturers for such an opportunity. But 
 there are other opportunities just waiting to be picked up if you will only 
 look for them. 
 
 Country Life . — It was such an opportunity which was embraced in this 
 cover, in which an automobile chasing a dirigible w r as the editor’s idea of a 
 
 Page sixty-one 
 
cover which should typify the spirit of the new year. The editor thought it 
 would be a simple matter to get such a picture, but after chasing around 
 Hying fields in a motor car for a month or so he gave it up, and asked me if 
 I could get him such a picture. I told him I could if he wouldn’t ask me too 
 many questions. He agreed to throttle his curiosity. I took a friend in 
 his car and had him wave his hat at the air while I photographed him with 
 the camera held near the ground, giving plenty of sky room. To print in a 
 picture of a dirigible actually made months before was a simple matter. And 
 it wouldn’t be fair to tell you what the satisfied editor gave up for my simple 
 device. Have I mentioned, yet, that there are tricks even in this branch of 
 photography ? 
 
 There — I am almost done. If, however, I have not succeeded in im- 
 pressing on you three things, I will have failed in what I undertook to tell. 
 
 First — Any one who cares to can make extra money in selling photo- 
 graphs to magazines, art companies, calendar companies, postal-card manu- 
 facturers, newspapers, advertisers, if he only will. 
 
 Second — The opportunities are everywhere — in your home, across the 
 street, all about you. What is needed is human interest and the new slant to 
 the old idea. 
 
 Finally — What is paid for is not your photographic skill, but your 
 idea ; not your ability as an artist so much as your ability to think, to 
 originate, to use your brains. 
 
 Page sixty-two 
 
Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 34 th annual convention 
 
 JUNE 15 ■ 16 • 17* 18 • 19-20, 1914 
 ATLANTA, GA. 
 
 PROCEEDINGS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Sixth Annual Session of the 
 American Congress of 
 Photography 
 
 Manly W. Tyree President 
 
 Raleigh, North Carolina 
 
 W. H. Towles First Vice-President 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Homer T. Harden Second Vice-President 
 
 Wichita, Kansas 
 
 L. A. Dozer Treasurer 
 
 Bucyuus, Ohio 
 
 John I. Hoffman Secretary 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
Roster of Congress of Photography 
 
 Manly W. Ty ree, President and Chairman. 
 
 DELEGATES. 
 
 Alabama. — Mercer Wilson, Birmingham ; F. A. Boyle, Mobile. 
 
 Arizona . — A. R. Buchman, Tucson. 
 
 Arkansas. — J. H. Harris, Little Rock; Joseph Shrader, Little Rock. 
 Colorado. — F. E. Post, Denver. 
 
 California. — Edward Belle-Oudry, Oakland; Mr. Webster, Oakland. 
 Delaware. — James Cummings, Wilmington. 
 
 Florida. — H. Lee Bell, Pensacola; R. E. Neck, Palatka. 
 
 Georgia. — Thurston Hatcher, Atlanta; G. W. Foltz, Savannah. 
 
 Illinois. — Herbert B. Medlar, Woodstock ; D. D. Tennyson, Litchfield. 
 Indiana. — Ben Larrimer, Marion; Geo. G. Holloway, Terre Haute. 
 
 Iowa. — Chas. F. Townsend, Des Moines; H. E. Voiland, Sioux City. 
 Kentucky. — J. L. Cusick, Louisville ; Mrs. Ethel C. Standiford, Louisville. 
 Kansas. — Homer T. Harden, Wichita; Mrs. J. M. Yoder, Herrington. 
 Louisiana.— Richard Rolf, PI. D. Harvey. 
 
 Mississippi. — J. A. Hammond, Meridian ; J. R. Holmes, Louisville. 
 Maryland. — John Bachrach, Baltimore; J. T. Selby, Baltimore. 
 
 Michigan. — E. E. Doty, Battle Creek. 
 
 Missouri. — F. W. Crowe, Marysville; Mamie Gerhard, St. Louis. 
 
 New York. — Dudley Hoyt, New York; Howard D. Beach, Buffalo. 
 
 New Jersey. — Arthur Hull, Long Branch; Geo. W. Wonfer, Camden. 
 Nebraska. — Julius P. F. Leschinsky, Grand Island. 
 
 North Carolina. — Waller Holliday, Durham; L. L. Higgason, Asheville. 
 Ohio. — B. Frank Moore, Cleveland ; L. F. Redman, Cincinnati. 
 
 Oklahoma. — W. E. Brooks, Shawnee. 
 
 Pennsylvania. — Ryland W. Phillips, Philadelphia; J. B. Shriever, Scranton. 
 South Carolina. — J. P. Howie, Columbia; W. D. Clark, Charlotte. 
 Tennessee. — W. G. Thuss, Nashville; James H. Brakebill, Knoxville. 
 
 Texas. — Martyn Elliott, Austin ; Mrs. Martyn Elliott, Austin. 
 
 Virginia. — R. W. Holsinger, Charlottesville ; 0. W. Cole, Danville. 
 
 West Virginia.- — J. E. Giffin, Wheeling; A. T. Proctor, Huntington. 
 Washington, D. C. — Geo. W. Harris, Will H. Towles. 
 
 Page sixty-four 
 
By B. FRANK MOORE 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 

 
Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Session of 
 the American Congress of Photography 
 
 Held at Atlanta, Georgia, Week of June 15, 1914 
 
 Opening Session, Tuesday, June 16, 1914, 9.30 A. M. 
 
 By President Tyree : The meeting will please come to order. I now 
 declare that the Sixth Annual Congress of Photography is now ready for 
 business. 
 
 I want to call the names of the States and delegates. Will you please 
 answer “Here”? If you have your credentials remain in your seats. Those 
 of you who have not credentials will immediately come forward to the Secre- 
 tary, who will give you the cards. 
 
 (Roll call.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I would like to hear the report of the Committee 
 on Resolutions that was appointed yesterday morning. Mr. Holsinger, I 
 believe, is chairman. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: We have 
 had a very short time to formulate this report ; and we have not a very for- 
 midable report to make. The first resolution that we make is : 
 
 “ Resolved , That the P. A. of A., assembled in Atlanta, wish to go on 
 record as expressing their feelings of indignation against the unfair discrimi- 
 nation by the postal authorities for not allowing photographs the benefits of 
 parcel post rates ; be it further 
 
 “ Resolved , That the Legislative Committee take proper steps to secure 
 parcel post rates for photographs.” 
 
 And next: “This committee having read with pleasure the previous is- 
 sues of the Association News heartily approve it, and recommend that the 
 same be issued monthly.” 
 
 “This committee recommends that the Executive Board of State Socie- 
 ties shall confer with the Secretary of the P. A. of A. before selecting their 
 convention dates.” 
 
 “The Legislative Committee, having no insurance statistics to enable 
 them to make an intelligent report on insurance matters, therefore recom- 
 mend an appointment of a special committee to be composed of the President 
 as chairman and two or more members of his selection to be appointed at this 
 meeting to secure the proper information and report at the next convention.” 
 
 We have got a report to make in regard to allowing photographers to 
 use copyrighted trade-marks. 
 
 Page sixty -five 
 
By W. D. Clark : I move that the other matters just read be taken up 
 before we take up the matter of the trade-mark. 
 
 By President Tyree: I would think it would be best to take them up 
 one by one. I am trying to expedite this business so we will not have to go 
 through a lot of extra routine. I think they should be taken up separately, 
 one by one, each resolution, before it is adopted or rejected. But we are 
 now simply getting the entire report. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: We have been discriminated against in the way of 
 a trade-mark the same as we have in the parcel post. This proposed law 
 changes the trade-mark law to apply to photographers as well as other busi- 
 ness men. As it is now, a great many men of ability will make ten or fifteen 
 negatives of a customer, probably ten by twelve, or eleven by fourteen. They 
 will make nice proofs of each one, and the customer will perhaps come back 
 with one proof and give you an order ; and the rest are carried off to some 
 cheap copying house and copied. They have got this man’s ideas, his 
 methods, his time and his work, and so forth, and he has no way of protect- 
 ing himself. Under this proposed trade-mark law, we can stamp every 
 photograph before it goes out and it makes it unlawful for any one to copy 
 it. We have simply taken the trade-mark law and applied it to the photog- 
 raphers. I will read it to you: 
 
 AN ACT TO AUTHORIZE THE COPYRIGHTING OF PHOTO- 
 GRAPHS BY USE OF TRADE-MARKS. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
 States of America, in Congress assembled: That any person entitled to copy- 
 right any photograph, negative, proof, print or plate, under the general 
 copyright laws of the United States, may secure a copyright thereof by com- 
 plying with the requirements hereinafter set forth. 
 
 First. By obtaining registration of a trade-mark, of the description 
 hereinafter set forth, in accordance with the requirements of the general 
 trade-mark laws of the United States. 
 
 Second, (a) By applying, printing or stamping such registered 
 trade-mark on each and every photograph, negative, proof, print or plate 
 made by him, which he desires to copyright, and on each and every copy 
 thereof made by him, in such manner as to be permanent, legible and intelli- 
 gible. 
 
 ( b ) Such registered trade-mark shall be applied, printed or stamped 
 upon the photograph, negative, print or plate or copy thereof, itself, or upon 
 the margin or mounting thereof. 
 
 Third. A trade-mark within the meaning of this act shall consist of 
 the word “copyright,” or the abbreviation “copy.,” or the letter “C,” en- 
 closed within a circle thus : ©. together with the name, initial, monogram, 
 mark or symbol of the copyright proprietor, and such other matter as the 
 copyright proprietor may desire if approved by the Commissioner of Patents, 
 
 Page sixty-sir. 
 
and not prohibited by the general trade-mark laws of the United States. 
 Such a trade-mark shall be known as a photographer’s trade-mark. 
 
 Fourth. A certificate of registration of a photographer’s trade-mark 
 under this act, shall remain in force and may be from time to time renewed 
 by complying with the requirements of the general trade-mark laws of the 
 United States, upon request by the registrant, his legal representatives or 
 transferees of record in the Patent Office. 
 
 Fifth. Any person who shall deem himself injured by the registration 
 of a photographer’s trade-mark under this act, shall be entitled to the reme- 
 dies provided by the general trade-mark laws of the United States. 
 
 Sixth. A copyright proprietor under this act shall have all the rights, 
 privileges and remedies secured to copyright proprietors, and be subject to 
 the penalties prescribed by the general copyright laws of the United States. 
 
 Seventh. Any court given jurisdiction by the general copyright laws of 
 the United States and any court given jurisdiction by the general trade- 
 mark laws of the United States shall have like jurisdiction of all actions, 
 suits or proceedings arising under this act. 
 
 Eighth. Any person who shall willfully infringe any copyright se- 
 cured by this act, or any person who shall knowingly procure, aid or abet 
 such infringement, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon con- 
 viction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment for not exceeding one 
 year, or by a fine of not less than $100.00, nor more than $1000.00, or both, 
 in the discretion of the court. 
 
 Ninth. Any person who shall use an unregistered photographers’ 
 trade-mark, or who, after failing to renew any such trade-mark as provided 
 in this act, continues to use the same by applying, printing or stamping it 
 upon any photograph, negative, proof, print or plate made by him after the 
 expiration of the period for which such trade-mark was registered or re- 
 newed, and any person who shall knowingly procure, aid or abet such use of 
 any such trade-mark, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon 
 conviction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment for not exceeding one 
 year or by fine of not less than $100.00 or not more than $1000.00, or both, 
 in the discretion of the court. 
 
 Tenth. The Commissioner of Patents shall provide and keep such rec- 
 ords as are required to carry out the provisions of this act ; and shall certify 
 to the Register of Copyrights all photographers’ trade-marks, which may be 
 registered or renewed in accordance with the provisions of this act. 
 
 Eleventh. The Register of Copyrights shall provide and keep such 
 records in the copyright office as are required to carry out the provisions of 
 this act. 
 
 Twelfth. This act shall go into effect on the first day of July, 1917. 
 
 Approved : 
 
 R. W. Holsinger, 
 Ben Larrimer, 
 George W. Harris. 
 
 Page sixty-seven 
 
By Mb. Holsinger (continuing) : This bill was drawn up by one of 
 the most able lawyers in Virginia. I can read you some letters received by 
 Mr. Walker from some of the leading publishing firms and others. He has 
 drawn many bills. So there is no doubt in the world about the bill being 
 right; and if we all stand together I think we can get this through without 
 much trouble. We shall be enabled to copyright our pictures immediately 
 when we get this through, and then nobody can copy our work. If we pass 
 this, I think it will be one of the best things that we have done ; and if we do 
 this, it will show photographers that we are really here to help them. 
 
 I thank you very much. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : In order to get the matter 
 thoroughly before the Association, I would like to say just a few words on 
 this. 
 
 I don’t believe there is anything in the way of legislation that has ever 
 come up before us that is more interesting, at least to me, than this proposi- 
 tion. On first listening to it, you would think, or one would naturally 
 have the thought, that it would take away the idea of copyright. It does 
 not touch the copyright, so far as the laws are concerned at this time, but it 
 would give each of us the right to make some kind of a trade-mark and put 
 it on everything we send out, it would then be illegal for any one to make 
 copies of work which carries that trade-mark. Now, if we copyright a pic- 
 ture you have to put it on the negative and if any one should get hold of 
 a print that does not have the copyright mark on, it would not 
 stand. There are a whole lot of people that will not let you put 
 the print on the negative. I have found that we cannot put our 
 copyright on the prints lots of times on account of the customer 
 objecting. When they object to it, of course instead of losing that 
 business I take it off. Now with a trade-mark, I don’t think they would 
 have the same feeling, and if we pay for a blanket right to put that trade- 
 mark on everything that we happen to turn out we have got the whole 
 thing. I think if we endorse this proposition here, now, then we can have 
 this Legislative Committee put it up before the Congress, and bring it be- 
 fore the Houses of Congress of the United States ; then when it is up 
 before Congress the thing for ail of us to do is to write our own Congress- 
 man, and get all other photographers to do the same thing. 
 
 I move you, Mr. President, that this Congress and this convention en- 
 dorse this legislation, and ask the Legislative Committee to bring it up at 
 the proper time and proper place, and before the proper persons to put it 
 before Congress. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 By Mr. Shrader: Mr. President, I want to understand that clearly. 
 You state that if you put the trade-mark on a photograph it will pre- 
 vent any other photographer from making a copy. We are often asked 
 to copy pictures by people, and they pay us for it. What course would you 
 
 Page s-ixty-eight 
 
take in such a case where a person brings you a photograph to copy and 
 pays you for it, and it is marked by some other man in the country? 
 
 By President Tyree: I will ask Mr. Holsinger, the father of this, to 
 explain it and get it straight in your mind. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: I did not understand his question. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer : I did. If this bill became a law, and a copyrighted 
 photograph is brought to a photographer to copy he would not be allowed to 
 do it. The rights remain absolutely with the man who originally took the 
 picture. 
 
 By Mr. Shrader: Does the trade-mark do away with the copyright? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer : This perhaps is a substitute for the old, cumber- 
 some, expensive method of copyrighting pictures, by paying a fee into 
 the offices of the United States you can register a trade-mark, and when 
 you stamp that upon a negative or picture it supplants the present 
 method of copyrighting the picture and it protects your rights in the pic- 
 ture, and no one has any right to make any sort of a copy for any 7 purpose. 
 This trade-mark picture will have the same effect as if copyrighted under the 
 present method. 
 
 This suggestion, members of the Congress of Photography, is simply an 
 easy method of copyrighting your pictures without the delay. You pay in 
 advance a certain fee and register this trade-mark, and as soon as you make 
 a picture you stamp this trade-mark upon it. In answer to your question 
 (referring to Mr. Shrader) no photographer would have a right to make 
 any sort of a copy from a picture that was stamped. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: This does not repeal the old copyright law. It 
 leaves it optional whether he (the photographer) copyrights it under the 
 old method, or whether he takes a trade-mark. We do not want to repeal 
 it, because the newspapers would go down there in numbers and defeat the 
 whole proposition. So we do not change that at all, but leave it optional 
 whether he takes a trade-mark or not. 
 
 By Mr. Shrader : Just taking the words of Mr. Holsinger, we will lose 
 everything. It appears to me that we are asking too much in that way. 
 Suppose somebody has a photograph of a relative, or whatever it may be, 
 taken somewhere thousands of miles away from the city I live in. The cus- 
 tomer brings me that photograph, and asks me to copy that. It has a trade- 
 mark of somebody a thousand miles away. I must say to the customer, 
 “Excuse me, I would like to do it, but I cannot ; it is against the law.” Is 
 that fair to the customer? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer : This question was never put, Mr. President. It 
 has been moved and seconded that this question be referred to the Legisla- 
 tive Committee with instructions to bring it before Congress. I would sug- 
 gest that you put that question, and then ask for any remarks. 
 
 By Mr. Harris : That was not the motion. 
 
 Page sixty-nine 
 
(Motion read by stenographer as follows: “I move you, Mr. President, 
 that this Congress and this convention endorse this legislation, and ask the 
 Legislative Committee to bring it up at the proper time and proper place and 
 before the proper persons to put it before Congress.”) 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: I suggest that you had better state what legisla- 
 tion this is, so we can carry that resolution before the committee in case it 
 is necessary to go to Washington. The motion says simply we “endorse 
 this legislation.” We understand what legislation he has reference to, but 
 I think it should be stated more definitely. 
 
 (Question called for, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Abel: May I say a word or two? I believe you gentlemen are 
 laboring under a misapprehension and a misunderstanding of w r hat a trade- 
 mark is. The fact is, a trade-mark is for the original business — 
 
 By President Tyree : The motion was carried, Mr. Abel. 
 
 By Mr. Abel: Well, I would like to explain. The copyright protects 
 the article itself. The trade-mark is simply a picture which designates the 
 article. If I put a trade-mark on it, it simply means that nobody can abso- 
 lutely copy that trade-mark, but he can copy the article, unless patented. 
 If a man brings me a photograph and I see it is copyrighted, I cannot copy 
 it. But if it says “trade-mark” I can copy it, but I do not dare copy the 
 emblem that is on it. The trade-mark merely protects the trade-mark, but 
 the copyright protects the articles. That is the difference. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger: We understand that. We have a copy of the 
 trade-mark law\ If you will read that proposed trade-mark law again, that 
 w'e have just carried, you will see that we have just as carefully protected 
 our pictures under the trade-mark as under the copyright law'. It is a com- 
 bination between the two. No photographer’s trade-mark will be valid, 
 unless it includes the word copyright. It has got to be in his trade-mark 
 in order to get the copyright protection ; and in that method w r e get the 
 same copyright protection we have under the old method. It makes it un- 
 lawful to copy a photograph with the copyright trade-mark. 
 
 By Mr. Labrimer: Will you allow' me a word to explain Mr. Abel’s 
 position. Mr. Abel has explained the condition as it now is. This propo- 
 sition, if you read that carefully, changes the present condition. I appre- 
 ciate Mr. Abel’s effort, but it simply clouded the issue. It is not the way it 
 will be if this proposition is enacted. 
 
 By Mr. Claudy (not a delegate): I move that the other resolu- 
 tions be carried as a whole. I do not think there is anything very particular 
 there, except the first one. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried unanimously.) 
 
 By Mr. White (not a delegate) : If I understand this bill it abso- 
 lutely prevents a copying house from copying a photograph made by any 
 one, even for an enlargement. 
 
 Page seventy 
 
By the President : If it is copyrighted. 
 
 By Mr. White (not a delegate): Then as I understand it, this trade- 
 mark under that bill is a substitute for that trade-mark. Therefore, I move 
 you, sir, if I am in order, for a reconsideration on this bill, and that it be 
 not put up to the Congress of the United States in this hasty manner. 
 
 By Mr. Giffin (of West Virginia) : This matter that you are now 
 discussing has been passed upon by this Congress, and I move you there be 
 no further debate at this time. 
 
 By President Tyree : There is no debate. This gentleman wanted to 
 talk and get it out of his system. 
 
 By Mr. White (not a delegate) : I call upon the delegates of Georgia 
 to move for a reconsideration of this bill, and do not move, gentlemen, in 
 such a hasty manner over such an important matter of legislation. 
 
 By Mr. Doty: Mr. President and Assembled Delegates: This propo- 
 sition is “a tempest in a tea pot.” What this bill is intended to accomplish 
 is to give you better facilities. The general objection that a “gentleman” 
 cannot copy a photograph stands to-day exactly as it will stand after this 
 bill is passed. It simply gives you more facilities. You have the right to 
 delegate to any publisher the right to copy any photograph you have taken, 
 even if copyrighted. You now have the right to transfer that authority. 
 We simply want greater facilities and more photographs copyrighted. It 
 is the habit of the theatrical profession to get reproductions at thirteen 
 cents a piece and less down in New York City. That is one of the things 
 we want to overcome. If we copyright more photographs, you will be bet- 
 ter off. This bill is not to put a muzzle upon the press, but only to facili- 
 tate the copyrighting of photographs and do away with that cheap repro- 
 duction business in New York. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: You are under the wrong impression, Mr. 
 White. This does not change it one iota from the present time. It is just 
 the same now as it will be then. Mr. Larrimer, will you explain it? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer: I think he is under a misapprehension. I will say 
 at the start that this Photographers’ Association is not working against the 
 interests of the copying houses, but the professional copyist in New York. 
 If we are going to do anything, the intention of this bill was to raise our 
 own standard — to give the creator the invested right in his own goods. 
 And, excuse me for the term, but it was our purpose to throw as much of 
 an obstacle in the way of the parasite as we can. 
 
 Now, so far as making this unavoidable and irrevocable, I think Mr. 
 Doty explained it when he said it was “a tempest in a tea pot.” The whole 
 proposition is to make it easier for us photographers to copyright our 
 stuff. At the present time you must take two copies and mail them to 
 Washington with a fee. This proposition is that you pay an annual fee, 
 which all photographers will not take advantage of, instead of going 
 through the routine and bother of copyrighting each separate picture by 
 
 Page seventy-one 
 
paying a separate fee. The annual fee would register the copyrighted 
 trade-mark, and all that is necessary to do is to put it on the picture with- 
 out the formality of mailing copies to Washington. It does not change the 
 proposition, except it makes it easier for the photographer to copyright 
 his pictures. 
 
 I tell you I want to go on record as telling this convention you need 
 not be at all afraid of this proposition. 
 
 By Mr. Harden (of Kansas): It might also be well to enlighten the 
 brethren as to the length of time this proposition has been in existence. If 
 I remember correctly, and I have been in regular attendance at the con- 
 ventions, this proposition has now come up three years. Therefore, we have 
 considered it for at least three separate years. 
 
 By President Tyree: I want to make a statement. In ten minutes 
 Dudley Hoyt will demonstrate the Seed plates, assisted by the demon- 
 strators of the Seed Company. They wanted about ten or fifteen minutes 
 to prepare themselves, and it is now twenty minutes after ten. We got a late 
 start. I think that the delegates ought to get here on time. 
 
 By Mr. Abel: Could I be heard; I want just two minutes. 
 
 By President Tyree: Just two minutes. 
 
 By Mr. Abel: I just want to refer to the resolution adopted, and 
 which the Committee on Legislation adopted, that is as to the Photographic 
 News. I want to say that the photographic press heartily endorse your 
 publication, the Association News. We do ask, however, in all common 
 fairness, that your Association keep it as a bulletin, as it is now. We do 
 ask you to keep from seeking advertising for that journal. We do not 
 believe it is the province of the Association to seek advertising for what you 
 might call an Association publication. It is merely news that you want. 
 And I want you to be sincere with the photographic press, as it has been 
 sincere with you in the past. It is helping to upbuild you. I ask you to 
 place a resolution in your endorsement of the Association News so that you 
 will not carry advertisements from photographic manufacturers and I really 
 believe that I am standing on my rights when I ask you to settle that ques- 
 tion, gentlemen and delegates. 
 
 By Mr. Harden (of Kansas): It is rather late this morning to go 
 into that matter. It would take some little time perhaps. It is time now 
 to adjourn this meeting in order to prepare this daylight demonstration. 
 I move you we adjourn. 
 
 By President Tyree : I have one or two announcements that I want 
 to make. At 10.30 o’clock this demonstration takes place here. Dudley 
 Ho 3 't, using the Seed plates, assisted b} 7 the demonstrators. 
 
 At 4.30 the women asked me to announce that they have a meeting of 
 the Executive Board. 
 
 I want to state to you that in accordance with our rules as to the pic- 
 ture exhibits, the Board decided to purchase up to twenty pictures that, in 
 
 Page seventy-two 
 

 By DUDLEY HOYT 
 New York 
 

 
the opinion of the judges, were worthy, to start a permanent collection in 
 the Photographers’ Association of America. We sent this literature out, 
 and I am glad to state that the judges have decided to purchase eleven pic- 
 tures that they consider are worthy, and purchased the same at $525 each. 
 
 No. 235— Joseph Knaffl. 
 
 No. 135 — Dudley Hoyt. 
 
 No. 261— E. H. Weston. 
 
 No. 141 — B. Frank Moore. 
 
 No. 61- — H. C. Mann. 
 
 No. 126 — Foster Studio. 
 
 No. 177— Pirie MacDonald. 
 
 No. 130 — Homeier & Clark. 
 
 No. 248— J. W. Porter. 
 
 No. 229- — Hubert Brothers. 
 
 No. 85 — Clifford Norton. 
 
 I congratulate you gentlemen. I wish I were one of you myself. I 
 need the money. 
 
 In the morning we have Congress at 9 o’clock, and every man ought to 
 be here and in his seat. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway: In view of the fact that you are buying a perma- 
 nent collection of pictures, and that you have no place to keep them, it gives 
 me a chance to get something out of my system. We want to offer to you 
 and the National Association, a place in the Winona Building for your pic- 
 tures. We want to give you a place there where you can come every year 
 and see those pictures ; and then we also promise you that if this convention 
 should come to Indiana next year we will move that Winona Building over 
 there so you can see it. But we will take care of this collection for you. 
 
 By President Tyree: At 11.30 the ladies take an automobile ride. 
 You will see it in the morning’s National Daily. It starts from here, I be- 
 lieve. 
 
 Also at 11.30, on the stage here, Fred G. Quimby, the painter of 
 Sprague-Hathaway Company, will show you the use of the air brush as 
 applied to photography and wash drawing effects. He will show you his 
 work, how it is done, and it should prove very interesting to you. 
 
 At 12.30, recess and luncheon served at the Auditorium. I understand 
 that a great many took advantage of that yesterday. 
 
 At 1.30, a daylight demonstration using Cramer plates, conducted by 
 Howard D. Beach, of Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 At 2.30 Miss Kate Cameron Simmons, of New York, will give the first 
 of three lessons, the subject of which will be: Art principles; photography 
 as a fine art ; line and dark and light arrangements. 
 
 Page seventy-three 
 
Then at 3.30, in this room, there will be demonstrations by the manu- 
 facturers of papers, showing fancy masking, dodging, etc. And that con- 
 tinues on up until the afternoon, late. 
 
 At 8 o’clock to-night, here in Taft Hall, will be given the illustrated 
 lecture, “Photographs for Publication,” by C. H. C'laudy. I made this an- 
 nouncement yesterday and told you what to expect. And I sincerely hope 
 that you will all attend this lecture. I am sure it will prove very interest- 
 ing, as well as profitable, because it is opening up an entire new field that is 
 being neglected in your own territory. 
 
 Let us get here in the morning at 9 o’clock. 
 
 There being no further business, we will stand adjourned. 
 
 Page seventy-four 
 
Wednesday Morning Session, June 17, 1914 
 
 9.00 o’clock 
 
 (President Manly W. Tyree in the chair; roll call; and minutes of 
 previous meeting were read and approved.) 
 
 By President Tyree: The Congress is open for new business. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California): There is a question I would 
 like to bring before the Congress, that of the Temple of Childhood. A num- 
 ber of our members have asked me about it, and I have to tell them I don’t 
 know. I was approached, before I left San Francicsco, by one of their 
 representatives ; and I told our members that I would let them know when 
 I come back from Congress. Is it possible for you fellows to give your 
 opinion on that subject? 
 
 By President Tyree: On what subject? 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California) : The Temple of Childhood. 
 
 By President Tyree: The Association went on record, or perhaps I 
 should say there was an expression from the Board that we do not favor it. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California) : Have any of you gentlemen 
 had any experience with it? 
 
 By President Tyree: Bring it up in the form of a resolution. That 
 is the best way to get it before the Congress. 
 
 By Mr. Shrader (of Arkansas): In reference to the Temple of Child- 
 hood, it is too late to pass a resolution. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry: They are going around among the photogra- 
 phers asking a donation of fifty dollars. I was approached by one of their 
 salesmen just before I left, the day before I left, and from what I under- 
 stand they wanted me to make a deposit of fifty dollars with them. I guess 
 that is to pay for the canvasser, and then for every child they send in they 
 wanted me to sign an agreement to pay them one dollar. 
 
 By President Tyree: What is the size of your town? 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California): Two hundred and fifty thou- 
 sand people. I know lots of photographers will bite at it. I don’t know 
 whether it is a good thing or not. I don’t want to pass any opinion be- 
 cause I know nothing about it. From what I have read, I understand it is 
 a fraud. 
 
 Mr. Hammond (of Mississippi): Mr. President, they made a proposi- 
 tion to me in my city, and I am in a city of 25,000; they wanted $100 and 
 one-fourth of what I took in. 
 
 By President Tyree: Put it in the shape of a resolution and bring 
 it up. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway: I move you that they bring that resolution up 
 this morning. 
 
 Page seventy-five 
 
By President Tyree : I was not going to say anything about it at this 
 time, but from what I can hear from different delegates, there is an im- 
 mense amount of business to come before this Congress, and it has got to be 
 gone through with. We cannot take care of it according to the program 
 that I have arranged. That is simply impossible, and the only thing that 
 I see for this body to do is to have a night session, and if necessary to run 
 for five or six hours and clean it up. I know that every delegate here would 
 be glad to do it, so you can frame that resolution and bring it into that next 
 meeting. 
 
 By Mr. Hatcher (of Georgia) : I make a motion that we have a night 
 session ; you to appoint the time. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Harden (of Kansas) : Mr. Hance will be through by 9 o’clock 
 to-night. Let’s have a session after that. I make a motion that this body 
 meet at 9 o’clock to-night; that when this session adjourns this morning 
 that we adjourn until 9 o’clock to-night. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: We are open for new business right now. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : I have a few ideas that I 
 would like to bring before this Congress that I consider of great importance 
 to this Association. 
 
 One of them is the expense of the Executive Board. As it is now, they 
 are permitted an absolutely unlimited expense account; and in a sense my 
 proposition is to put the Executive Board on a per diem, so that we will 
 know what our expenses will amount to each year. I believe that they 
 should be allowed their railroad fare, and about six dollars from the day 
 they leave home, to cover their hotel expenses, including meals. This is just 
 a suggestion, then we shall have an absolutely correct figure of just what 
 the expenses are going to be. This thing of an unlimited expense account is 
 a mistake. Some men are conservative and some are extravagant, and this 
 is an equalizing proposition and prevents any overindulgence upon the 
 Association by any member of the Board. 
 
 Another thing, which is of even greater importance to my mind: We 
 have, I believe, in the neighborhood of about twenty-two or twenty-five con- 
 ventions in this country a year, which is a mistake, because in many cases 
 they are weak organizations, and it is not fair to the manufacturers to 
 make them put up exhibits where there are onty a few photographers 
 present. I understand some of our associations opened this year with as 
 many as thirteen photographers present on the opening day. That is not 
 right. It is an injustice to the manufacturers to compel them to spend 
 thousands of dollars to attend these conventions when they have more men 
 present than there are photographers. My proposition wmuld be for the 
 National Secretary to take up the propositions with the various State Asso- 
 ciations throughout the country and secure their co-operation in dividing 
 this country up into, say, eight divisions, which would give us eight asso- 
 
 Page seventy-six 
 
ciations, outside of the National. Each photographer in that section must 
 belong to the Association. In that way it would give you State Associa- 
 tions that would be strong. It would give you a section that would be 
 worth something. This way, we have a lot of little associations around 
 over the country that do no good and create a lot of useless expense. My 
 idea is to divide it up into eight sections. It would be less expensive; it 
 would be a strong organization ; and it would be in closer co-operation with 
 the National. The divisional convention could be under the control of the 
 National, so they would not be conflicting, and they would not work a hard- 
 ship on the manufacturer. The year the National met in a particular sec- 
 tion of the country the annual convention of that section would be sus- 
 pended. That would give us eight meetings throughout the year, instead 
 of twenty-three or twenty-five. 
 
 By President Tyree: I cannot have any business come before this 
 Congress, unless in the shape of a written resolution. It has got to be put 
 in shape so we can get through with it. These ideas Mr. Towles advances 
 are splendid ideas, but he has not got them in shape. You have got to get it 
 into shape to be acted upon. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway: Probably after he gets through we will know 
 whether we want a resolution on it. I think we ought to hear this out first 
 and probably we can pass it without a resolution. I think we ought to hear 
 this out thoroughly. 
 
 By President Tyree: I want to hear it out, too, but if it is not in 
 shape we will not get anywhere. 
 
 By Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania) : This suggestion is an unusually 
 good one in my mind, and it should not be dropped. Isn’t there time for 
 the Resolution Committee, or a committee to be appointed, to report at 
 another meeting of Congress with those resolutions in form. It seems to 
 me that we would waste time in threshing it out now, and then rethreshing it 
 later. I would put it in as a resolution and then fight it out. 
 
 By President Ty'ree: This Congress comes together and we have 
 three or four meetings. The greatest criticism that I know of that has 
 been passed on this Congress is, we never get anywhere. We start things 
 and never finish them; and then we are criticised for it — and the unfortu- 
 nate part of it is, that it is true. If you will put your ideas into resolutions, 
 and get it into shape so as to explain it, put it before Congress, we will know 
 whether we want it or not. We will either put it through or kill it. That is 
 my idea. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.): You already have more 
 than half of what I was going to say. It will not take much longer to hear 
 the rest of it. 
 
 By President Tyree: I would like to announce right now, to all dele- 
 gates, that anything you wish introduced into this Congress will have to put 
 into workable shape and written. 
 
 Now, Mr. Towles, I will be glad to hear you finish it. 
 
 Page seventy-seven 
 
By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : I am sorry you destroyed 
 my thoughts. Concentration of thought is a very difficult thing when a 
 man is on his feet, and I am liable to miss something now that I meant to 
 say. 
 
 My idea was to go even farther than that in co-operation with the 
 State organizations. I would like to see it made possible for the National 
 Board to supply a jury of judges to pass upon the entire exhibits of the 
 country during each year, so that we can get a uniform opinion from the 
 entire United States ; and if it would be possible to secure the services of 
 the same men for a period of five years, we would be getting closer to the 
 establishment of a standard, especially a standard agreed upon by these 
 particular men, and that is about as close as you can get to it. It would 
 enable us to make our Association bigger and stronger and create a close 
 co-operation between the State and National organizations, which now is 
 absent. Some of them do not realize there is a National. It could be 
 worked out so it would be compulsory for a man, who is a member of the 
 State organization, to become a member of the National. 
 
 As the old saying is, “United we stand; divided we fall.” We are very 
 much divided in this country 7 . Every little place where they get a couple 
 of dozen people together they think they ought to have a State organiza- 
 tion. They organize, but they don’t accomplish anything. There is no 
 strength. There is no co-operation. But under this plan, I believe it 
 would be possible to make it stronger in the National, and stronger in the 
 State Associations, and accomplish something nearer a standard in our 
 work. The States, if possible, should contribute something toward the 
 expenses of this jury, and they should visit each meeting during the year. 
 
 By Mr. Shrader (of Arkansas) : The President would be traveling all 
 the time at six dollars a day? 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : No; three men elected for 
 that work. We would have seven State meetings and one National. 
 
 By Mr. Shrader (of Arkansas): The President of the Association 
 would have to be there. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, I). C.) : Certainly not. The idea is 
 to have the State Associations under the jurisdiction of the National so as 
 to make it one big organization. Now we are divided; we don’t accomplish 
 anything. 
 
 If you think it is worthy of a resolution, we will get it in shape. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I move you that Mr. Towles be re- 
 quested and instructed by this body to condense his ideas into the form 
 of a resolution and have it typed and presented here for action at the next 
 meeting. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : I can’t do it by to-night, 
 but I can by to-morrow. 
 
 (Suggestion approved by Mr. Larrimer, and the motion as approved 
 is seconded.) 
 
 Page seventy-eight 
 
By President Tyree: It has been moved and seconded that Mr. 
 Towles be instructed and requested by the Congress to put this in the form 
 of a resolution, and in workable shape, and submit it for Congress’ delib- 
 eration to-morrow morning. 
 
 ( Carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.): There are a good many 
 here now that were not here when I brought up the question of officers’ 
 expenses. 
 
 By President Tyree: Don’t fight it over two or three times. It 
 doesn’t take us a week to do it. 
 
 Congress is ready for new business. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, 1). C.) : Mr. President, and mem- 
 bers of the Congress, the Legislative Committee has O. K.’d a proposition 
 submitted by Mr. Dozer, as follows: 
 
 “ To the Members of the Sixth Congress of Photography. Greeting: 
 
 “Gentlemen : I propose for your careful consideration the following 
 change in the Constitution of the Photographers’ Association of America: 
 
 “Article V, Section 1, now reads: Active members, initiation fee, $3.00; 
 annual dues, $3.00. 
 
 “Section 2 now reads: Associate members, no initiation fee; annual 
 dues, $2.00. 
 
 “I propose to change these two sections to read as follows : Article V, 
 Section 1. Active members, annual dues, $2.00. No initiation fee. Section 
 2. Associate members, annual dues, $2.00. 
 
 “Respectfully submitted, 
 
 “I,. A. Dozer.” 
 
 To that the Legislative Committee has added the following. We have 
 changed it a little, and have brought in the resolution following: 
 
 “ Resolved , That the Executive Board be and are hereby authorized to 
 charge the sum of $2.00 for button and convention privileges.” 
 
 In other words, as you members now are taxed $3.00 for initiation fee, 
 annual dues $3.00, the plan now is to charge $2.00 and no initiation fee. 
 That will give a chance to the officers to build up a permanent membership. 
 We cannot run, as I understand from the officers, this convention on $2.00. 
 So we give them the right to charge $2.00 more for any one who attends 
 this convention for the privileges of the convention — $2.00 more. If they 
 find next year that they cannot run it on $2.00, we can raise it a dollar. 
 The Legislative Committee thinks that this is one of the best things that 
 has been proposed. The whole Board has been figuring on this. They have 
 all thought a great deal upon one idea, and that is to try to build up a per- 
 manent membership, and your Legislative Committee thinks that this is the 
 very best way to go about that plan. 
 
 Page seventy-nine 
 
Mr. President, to bring this matter before the Congress, I move that we 
 adopt this report, and make it a matter of special business to-morrow 
 morning. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 By President Tyree: It has been moved and seconded that we adopt 
 this report and change our Constitution, and bring it up as a matter of 
 special business to-morrow morning. Are there any remarks? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I would like to explain that a little 
 bit. That is in two sections. The first part of it is constitutional, chang- 
 ing the dues to $2.00 a year and eliminating the initiation fee. The second 
 part is merely a by-law, which may be temporary or may be permanent, or 
 subject to change at your will at any time. The second part of that is a 
 suggestion that the Board be authorized to charge $2.00 for entertainment 
 and instruction at the convention, and which the permanent members who 
 do not attend the convention do not have to pay. Also that this $2.00 
 annual dues will include probably the subscription to the Association News. 
 That is all. I am just saying this to save time. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.): We can save time on this 
 matter again by discussing it in the morning and not now. 
 
 (Question called for, original motion put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I am now talking for Mr. 
 Holsinger. They have another proposition that they have decided on and 
 which I cannot bring up very well in the form of a resolution. It is a mat- 
 ter of the salary of the Secretary, and I would like to have him leave the 
 room a minute while we discuss the matter. The Committee on the Secre- 
 tary, of course, will make their report to the convention probably on Fri- 
 day morning. That will be finished business, because it is all settled. 
 
 But in talking about the Secretary, it is a matter of his future salary 
 and just how we are going to conduct his office. Now, as far as the office 
 and the location and all that, the Legislative Committee thinks that is up 
 to the Board, and we have decided in our minds that it really should not be 
 taken up here at all, only in the sense of explanation. 
 
 The question of his salary is really what they wish to bring up, and they 
 have thought out a scheme which I think is a very good one. (I would like 
 the officers to listen, too.) And that is that the salary be placed at the point 
 we made it last year, $2000 a year. Now that covers that, as far as the 
 salary is concerned, but there ought to be some way to let that man show 
 his work and to pay him for the work he does, and at the same time do 
 away with getting up before this body every year and asking that the 
 salary be raised or lowered, as the case may be. So we figured that we 
 should take the active members and allow him 10 per cent, of the moneys 
 received from the active members. We figure that the commission should 
 apply on all active members brought into this organization, and bv build- 
 ing it up he can show his ability in that line better than any other way; 
 and by making an arrangement whereby we give him 10 per cent, he is being 
 
 Page eighty 
 
paid according to the success he has, and that is the proposition that the 
 Legislative Committee has “O. K.’d,” coming from the Board. Ten per 
 cent, of the amount that comes in from the active members’ dues. I could 
 go into that a little further and explain if we had 500 active members — 
 
 By President Tyree: What do you want — the “O. K.” of Congress? 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.): They will have to “O. K.” it 
 for us to do it. The convention “O. K.’d” the salary last year. If we do 
 this once we are through with it. 
 
 By President Tyree: Have you got this written up? 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : How can you figure it up? 
 Let me explain it just a minute. On this 10 per cent, basis — my friend here 
 asked a question, so let me explain it. We have 500 active members this 
 year. If this dues proposition goes through, so that on the average he 
 would get $150. He thinks he can build this up to 5000 members in time. 
 If he builds it up to 2000 members at $3 apiece that would be $6000 ; he 
 would get $600. I think it is worth $600 to have 2000 members. Isn’t it 
 worth that money which we pay him, if he can build it up? With this in- 
 centive he will use his spare time to build this organization up — to 5000, 
 3000, or 1000 extra members. He will work harder to build it up. It will 
 be his business to build it up and he will work night and day. I think it is 
 the best thing we have thought of. 
 
 By Mr. Hatcher (of Georgia) : I believe that this would be a paying 
 investment, and I move that we adopt it. 
 
 By Mr. Redman (of Ohio): I think that we should delay this, and 
 take a little time for discussion. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : In order to get it in proper 
 form I will offer this resolution: 
 
 Resolved , That the Secretary’s salary be made $2000 a year, and a 
 commission of 10 per cent, be allowed on all moneys received from active 
 members’ dues. 
 
 (Motion is seconded.) 
 
 By the President: You have heard the resolution; are there any 
 remarks ? 
 
 By Mr. Redman (of Ohio) : It appears to me that this is a new office 
 that has been created, and it is in the experimental stage at the present. 
 Now, I believe the man should show some form, inasmuch as it is in the ex- 
 perimental stage, before any commissions be paid. If a man is getting a 
 fair salary or a good salary there is an incentive to do his best without a 
 commission. The commission form is very fine, but is it a paying invest- 
 ment this year, or ought it be held over for a year until the office has proven 
 that it is worthy of that extra amount ? 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger : We thought it best to offer this commission as an 
 incentive for him to reach out and get new members and get the dues. The 
 same principles are laid down in all municipalities — that is almost all of 
 them — where the treasurers are paid a commission on what they collect. 
 
 Page eighty-one 
 
They are paid commissions instead of salaries, because there is an incentive 
 to reach out after the dues. Of course, this resolution only holds good for 
 another year, and I really think it a very good plan to give him a commis- 
 sion. We have over 15,000 photographers and perhaps a thousand regu- 
 lar paid-up members. If he can be successful in getting 5000 new members 
 the Association will be well paid for the 10 per cent, paid him. I would 
 like to see this go through. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Don’t forget that this could 
 not apply this year. It will begin with next year. His salary this year 
 will be two thousand dollars. If we adopt this scheme it will not be for this 
 year. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California) : I don’t think this Association 
 is very rich; you are putting new expenses on us. There are lots of pho- 
 tographers who don’t make $2000, and I think when that man gets $2000 
 he is pretty well paid, and I think that is all he deserves. It is an incentive 
 for him to hold his job. 
 
 Mr. Haggison (of North Carolina): Why not give him 25 per cent, 
 of the new members, and 10 per cent, of the old steady members, or perhaps 
 pay him only for the increased membership? 
 
 By President Tyree: The officers have been worrying and working 
 over this proposition for the entire year, and with the assistance of two or 
 three on the outside, and especially the committee who selected this Gen- 
 eral Secretary ; and it is complicated enough as it is. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : This is one of the most difficult 
 things we had to combat with in Pennsylvania. We were forced to raise 
 our dues ; not necessarily our dues, but in some way to provide means. The 
 matter of increasing the membership in any organization is one of the most 
 important. 
 
 By the President: This is in regard to the Secretary’s salary. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania): I am going to get to that. 
 The larger your membership is the more successful the organization will 
 lie. The more inducement you can give your officers, the more results. 
 It seems to me if you can offer your Secretary a fair salary and a good 
 commission, it is an incentive to build up your organization. He is either 
 worth $2000, or he is not worth 10 cents. He is either worth $3000 
 or he is not worth 30 cents. Let’s pay him all he is worth. If he gets us 
 10,000 members we should give him $5000. For that reason I think that is 
 a splendid, good move; one of the best things that I ever heard. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Holloway (of Indiana): All of you here who were present 
 at the last convention know that I was opposed to the permanent Secre- 
 tary plan. But I have fallen in line now and wish to see it a success. Still 
 I don’t think that we ought to commence to add on a commission until he 
 has earned his $2000. I have been hearing from all sections of country, and 
 they ask, “Why he hasn’t done anytliing yet.” What has he done? John 
 is a good friend of mine. I don’t know what he has done yet. Let’s wait 
 
 Page eighty-two 
 
until he earns his $2000. He has been in six months and he has not had a 
 chance to make good, but until he earns $2000 a year, why let’s not pay 
 him another cent. He has got two or three years before him yet before he 
 will make good enough to make $2000 a year by increase in the membership. 
 
 We may add 500 members in the South, and when we move North or 
 West, we may lose 200 or 250 of them. We have lost many this year. 
 Until we devise some method whereby the membership is going to stick, we 
 have not made anything on the membership. Why pay him more now until 
 he has earned what we have agreed to give him. It seems to me that if I was 
 placed on a salary of $2000 I would want to first earn that $2000. And 
 then when he does, let us pay him as Mr. Schriever says. But let him earn 
 every bit of it. He has not had a chance to make good. You have not 
 seen anything of John Hoffman yet. John Hoffman has not been before 
 you long enough; it will be two or three years before he is a factor. It is 
 too soon to begin to pay out a commission. 
 
 I believe if it goes along two more years, without adding to the mem- 
 bership, as I said before, that is going to stick, we will not have anything 
 in the treasury. If we pay him $2000 a year and his expenses, he is going to 
 cost us $3000 a year, and he cannot add one cent to our funds for this year. 
 By the beginning of next January, after the expenses are all paid, we will 
 have about $2000 in the treasury to start another year. With $2000 ex- 
 pense already contracted for to pay out next year, and unless he increases 
 this membership, and makes it stick, three years from now this treasury will 
 be busted, absolutely broke, unless he makes them stick. It seems to me it is 
 up to Congress to devise some means whereby we can get to our members and 
 make them stick, something that will bind us together closer and closer, so 
 that a member will not leave the organization. He pays his dues wherever 
 the convention goes, but does he stick? That is why I was opposed 
 to the paid Secretary. I find John a young man, anxious to make 
 good, but he has not had the opportunity yet. He has not shown that he 
 can make good. I like him personally, but until he does make good let us 
 not add on any commission. That is not practical. What is the use of 
 paying more than a man earns? If a man hasn’t made good in six months, 
 why increase his salary? My opinion is that that man should be held right 
 where he is, for God knows that we have not any spare money in our treas- 
 ury, and inside of three years we will be broke and will not have a cent. It 
 is the easiest thing in the world to get up here and spend your money, our 
 money, but the thing is, how are we going to get that money in so that 
 we will have enough of it to do big things? Now that is right. We should 
 take into consideration how much money we will have in the treasury after 
 this new office has been in existence a while. 
 
 Last year we had the big sum of $7000, representing thirty-five years 
 of existence, and we commenced this year to spend $3000, and we have lost 
 by coming down here. The attendance is not what it should be. We will 
 not have $2000 next January. You have not got the people here. The 
 
 Page eighty-three 
 
next move we may be worse off, and then we are broke. With all due re- 
 spects to our friends over there, if we go so far West we will not have a 
 penny, because we will not have the people. We have nothing to hold these 
 people ; when we get something to hold them, wherever we go, then we can 
 talk business. 
 
 By Mr. Foltz (of Georgia) : My friend insinuated that we have no 
 money by coming here. I think, Mr. President, that the South has done her 
 best. I do not like to hear a man insinuate that by coming South this or- 
 ganization has lost money. 
 
 In regard to paying that Secretary 10 per cent, of all new members 
 coming in here, I think I want to heartily endorse the remarks of my friend 
 from Pennsylvania; and I hope this man, Mr. Hoffman, will get the 10 per 
 cent, and help build it up, and not run down the organization by not paying 
 him this commission. It will help him build up the organization. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : We are consuming a lot of 
 time, and we have a good many things on our program. I move we adjourn. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I move the previous question. The 
 motion to adjourn had no second, and I move the question be voted on with- 
 out further argument. 
 
 By Mr. Moore (of Ohio): I don’t understand how George Holloway 
 ever come to be president of a Rotary Club. The Rotary Club is a club that 
 is always building up, and George is always looking at the black side of 
 things. 
 
 All of us men come here for one w r eek in each year, and we go away from 
 here and forget about this Association. This Association has got to have 
 somebody that is plugging for it all the time. We have got to have some 
 one who is looking after this Association, and if you are going to get some- 
 body to think about it, you cannot get him for $2000. That is settled; that 
 is his salary. If this man is able to make our Association a permanent body 
 in which all men will stick from one place to another — if he is able to do that 
 —for Heaven’s sake pay him. If he would devote the same amount of brain 
 to something else than our Association he would be worth a great deal more 
 than $2000. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway (of Indiana) : I don’t see why people get up in- 
 variably and interpret me incorrectly. Take me for what I mean. Every 
 one of you know that I hold my life membership in this organization and 
 that I treasure it greater than anything else I have in the world, except my 
 family. What I say, I say in the interest of the organization. I don’t want 
 to take any more time and I want to apologize to this gentleman (referring 
 to Mr. Foltz, of Georgia). 
 
 I have got the highest regard in the world for the boys in the South, but 
 they did not turn out as we wanted them to. We are short of funds, and I 
 am not saying anything against the South. 
 
 There is no use. You fellows get together and trump up against me. 
 You all know how I feel about the Association. I don’t want to see it lose 
 
 Page eighty-four 
 
money. You three or four fellows can get together and put anything 
 through, if you want to, but I am not going to let you if I can help myself. 
 I am alone in this matter. I don’t think that we ought to spend our money 
 foolishly. I don’t think any one of you would take a man in your employ, 
 and because he was not making good on $2000 that you would increase his 
 salary so he could make good. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I ask the personal privilege 
 of speaking. 
 
 Mr. Holloway made the statement a moment ago that we had been get- 
 ting our heads together against him. That is not so. There has been no 
 such thing. I have been fighting Mr. Holloway for the last, at least, 
 eighteen years. He always gets on one side and I am on the other — and he 
 is always on the wrong side. (Laughter.) I will say that I have never 
 seen a time y r et but what he was on the dark side. He is always slowing 
 down. 
 
 Every successful man in this country is moving forward. When 
 they try a new thing they get together and talk it over, and they improve 
 their system whenever they can. And in a successful business everybody 
 gets together heart and soul to make that business a success. 
 
 You can go home and take your own reception room women, and put 
 them on a basis of per cent., and they will work twice as hard for you. 
 
 You can take the Secretary of this organization, and the reason we 
 recommended this 10 per cent, is because he will get behind this and push for 
 memberships. Of course, he is working for your Association during the hours 
 for which he is employed ; but his leisure time he can put in on anything he 
 pleases. If you give him an interest in the Association he will work night 
 and day, and then every year you will not have to get up here and move to 
 increase or decrease his pay. He will work like “Ned” for this Association, 
 and I hope that you will put this thing through. 
 
 This is a progressive movement. It is a movement of going ahead, and 
 it is not going backwards. So far as spending the money of this Associa- 
 tion is concerned, this Association will be better off than it has ever been, 
 because we have a new proposition as far as expense is concerned. For 
 every ten cents we are paying him we are getting ninety in return. We 
 are adding to it and it will make the Association stronger. Suppose he 
 brings the membership up to 5000 and lie gets 10 per cent. What is the 
 10 per cent., if we get the 90? It is not a proposition of giving him more 
 money, but it is a proposition of getting more money and members for our 
 Association. 
 
 It is an efficient and forward movement. 
 
 (Motion called for, put and carried, 31 to 7.) 
 
 (President Tyree then made the announcement of events for the day, 
 and Congress stood adjourned to meet again at 9 o’clock to-night.) 
 
 Page eiglity-jive 
 
Wednesday Night Session (Special), June 17 
 
 9.30 o’clock 
 
 Meeting called to order at 9.30 p. m. 
 
 Roll call. 
 
 Minutes of previous meeting were read and approved. 
 
 By President Tyree : I want to ask you if there had better not be 
 a time limit put on the speeches. If you put a time limit you give the chair- 
 man a chance to call a man down, and I think we had better do that. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina) : I move you that we make it 
 three minutes. 
 
 (Seconded.) 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I suggest that you incorporate in 
 that, under the regular parliamentary rulings, that no member will be 
 allowed to talk a second time without the unanimous consent of the Con- 
 gress. 
 
 (Motion put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: This Congress is open for new business. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California): I want to offer a resolution on 
 the subject of the Temple of Childhood. 
 
 To the Congress of the Photographers' Association of America: 
 
 Whereas, The plan of a company known as the Child Life Exhibit 
 Company, or the Temple of Childhood, is conducting a scheme that is detri- 
 mental to the interest of the photographers of America, inasmuch as the 
 Temple of Childhood scheme destroys the confidence of our patrons, and 
 we therefore deem it unfair and an illegitimate method of procuring busi- 
 ness ; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That we, the Congress of Photographers’ Association of 
 America, go on record and condemn the method and schemes of the Temple 
 of Childhood as being unbusinesslike and not profitable to the photogra- 
 phers of America. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): In order to bring this before the 
 house, I move the adoption of that resolution. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 By President Tyree: It is moved and seconded that we adopt the 
 resolution as it stands. Are there any remarks? 
 
 Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania): I object to the word “illegitimate.” 
 The insertion of unfair would be a great deal better. I don’t think we want 
 to go on record that way, no matter how much we wish to condemn this ; I 
 am in favor of this, but I am not in favor of this Association using that 
 word. 
 
 Page eighty-six 
 
By Mr. Abel (of Cleveland, and not a delegate): If you will allow 
 me a few words. 
 
 By President Tyree: There seems to be no objections, so we will 
 allow you, Mr. Abel, to speak. 
 
 By Mr. Abel (of Cleveland, and not a delegate) : There are several 
 words used there that will put you in bad, but with a little change you can 
 make it read just as strong and be just as good for you. 
 
 By President Tyree: I think that is good. And I want to tell you 
 now, Mr. Belle-Oudry, that it seems as if they want it to be put through. 
 The wording is what we object to, and if that was changed and rewritten I 
 think that we could dispose of this very quickly and avoid every question. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : It can be rewritten right 
 
 now. 
 
 By President Tyree: There is no use of talking on it. All we have to 
 do is to change the wording, and let’s do it. Let’s not every man get up 
 and say he objects to such and such a word. I am trying to expedite busi- 
 ness. 
 
 By Mr. Harden (of Kansas) : My suggestion is, as the resolution 
 reads it covers all of the exhibits in that building. Our interests are only 
 in the photographic concession part of it. 
 
 And I move you that this resolution be referred to the Committee on 
 Legislation with instructions to incorporate these different suggestions and 
 put it in the right shape and bring it up. 
 
 (Motion seconded and put.) 
 
 By President Tyree: Are there any remarks? 
 
 By Mr. Giffin (of West Virginia) : I am compelled to take the same 
 position on it to-night that I did in our little State Association last fall ; 
 and that is, that we have an Association, and as such have nothing in par- 
 ticular to do with this. We must first remember that the Temple of Child- 
 hood has not asked us for advice. They have not come to us as a body for 
 co-operation, and therefore we have nothing in common at all with them as 
 a body. I am somewhat surprised that this bill was framed in the manner 
 it is. If put up here, I certainly do hope it will be modified so that we will 
 not insult some of the best people in our Association, and some of the most 
 substantial men in the country. I want to go on record as saying that I 
 believe it is not a good thing for photographers, but I do not think it is up 
 to the Association to condemn a private enterprise and private people be- 
 cause of the scheme. It is an individual affair, pure and simple. 
 
 By President Tyree: Are there any other remarks? Are you ready 
 for the question? 
 
 (Question put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Post (of Colorado): The Woman’’ s World, of New York, is 
 running a scheme very similar to this Temple of Childhood. I thought per- 
 haps this scheme might be included in that. It is very similar to it, which 
 w r ould make it in the same class. It makes the photographer pay a dollar 
 
 Page eighty-seven 
 
for every name that is sent in to the official photographer in that territory. 
 The album is to hold 30,000 pictures. I would like to see that scheme in- 
 cluded with this. 
 
 By President Tyree: I believe you are correct, and I think that 
 Congress is against such schemes of all kinds, but I don’t know as we can 
 nurse all this stuff. 
 
 The Congress is ready and open for new business. 
 
 By Mr. Giffin (of West Virginia): This Temple of Childhood has 
 prompted me to think out another line, possibly somewhat similar you may 
 say, and that is this. I thought of a scheme that would be possible for one 
 State or all States to be represented at the Panama Exposition. In fram- 
 ing it up I first went to our secretary of the Board of Trade and a few 
 promoters of our neighborhood in regard to the Panama Exposition, and 
 told them of my plan. They thought it was a good one, and asked me to 
 see the Governor of our State. The plan was this : To let the State of West 
 Virginia, we will say for instance, set apart a portion of their building for 
 children’s portraits. We would call that “West Virginia Youth.” The 
 whole affair would be conducted by the State of West Virginia — their seal, 
 their co-operation, they to offer some medals perhaps ; and then let us pho- 
 tographers co-operate with them and furnish them the pictures. We then 
 would be in a position to go to work and offer any extra inducement that we 
 might want to do, legitimately, in connection with our State to carry out 
 this scheme. This would bring in a lot of business and would be done in an 
 honest and legitimate way. So I think that that plan could be worked out 
 in any State that might want to do it, without any reflections. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : Mr. President, I am reading this for 
 Mr. Holsinger, whose voice is not in the best condition. I will say this was 
 done hurriedly, but to the best of our ability, and was put in such phrase- 
 ology that states it clearly and you can pass upon it, yes or no, without 
 quibbling : 
 
 Whereas, A company, known as the Child Life Exhibit Company or 
 the Temple of Childhood, has adopted a plan for securing pictures of chil- 
 dren that we deem detrimental to the best interest of the members of our 
 Association, as it destroys the confidence of our patrons, which is our most 
 valuable asset; and we deem it unethical and an unfair method of attempt- 
 ing to procure business ; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That we, the Congress of Photography, condemn this plan 
 of the Temple of Childhood as being unprofitable and opposing the spirit of 
 fraternalism, which is the foundation of our Association. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): I move the adoption of the resolu- 
 tion. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 By the President: It has been moved and seconded that we adopt 
 the resolution. Are there any remarks? 
 
 Page eighty-eight 
 
By HOMEIER & CLARK 
 Richmond, Va. 
 
By Mr. Giffin (of West Virginia) : I move that this resolution be 
 tabled. 
 
 By President Tyree: I fail to hear a second. Are there any re- 
 marks ? 
 
 (Question put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : I have a matter that I desire to 
 present to you and I don’t know whether I can do it in three minutes, but 
 will try to do so as far as possible. 
 
 We members of the National Association have devoted a great deal of 
 time in the past to instruction. We have been very successful along this 
 line. But it seems to me that the time has come when we should devote some 
 time to the business end of photography. 
 
 There is not any other profession in the world that has the possibili- 
 ties that we have as a profession to obtain publicity and advertising at no 
 cost whatever. We have great advertising possibilities out of the magazines 
 through the Association, and it will benefit all of the photographers. 
 
 Every profession in the land is looking for advertising of some kind 
 indirectly. All merchants are using every means for advertising their busi- 
 ness. They are devoting a certain percentage of their business toward ad- 
 vertising. The fact is to-day that photographers should try to gain some 
 of the patronage, or should get some of the money, that is being invested 
 and spent for things other than photographs. I believe that some induce- 
 ment should be offered the public to get them, to induce them to spend more 
 money for photographs. 
 
 We have a plan that we have adopted in Pennsjdvania whereby we be- 
 lieve that we can get people to talking, thinking and dreaming of photo- 
 graphs. The more we can get people to talk photographs, the more we can 
 get them to think of photographs, the more they are tempted to have pho- 
 tographs made. With this idea in mind, I have taken it upon myself to 
 visit some of the magazine proprietors to see if there was not some means 
 whereby we could get them to write articles in these magazines on photog- 
 raphy, thus bringing to the minds of the people photography all the time, 
 with the result before our spring convention I had two men call upon me in 
 the matter, and they intimated that they would only be too glad to bring it 
 up, but in a different way from what I have outlined. 
 
 We, at Scranton, adopted a resolution, but since that time I went to a 
 publisher in New York and outlined my plan — and I only had fifteen min- 
 utes with him, as he was leaving for Europe that afternoon. This man pub- 
 lishes a magazine with over a million circulation. He said, “Mr. Schriever, 
 if we can have the exclusive right, we will devote two pages each month for 
 a year to this.” My idea was to get one magazine to take up woman’s por- 
 traiture, for instance; another to take up men’s portraiture, and a third to 
 take up the commercial and scientific side of photography ; taking three dif- 
 ferent subjects to handle, and giving the magazine the exclusive articles for 
 one year. 
 
 Page eighty-nine 
 
It is an inducement to them, and it is better for us, for we can pre- 
 pare articles enough for all three magazines. I also saw the representative 
 of a scientific magazine, and he said, “My publication is open to you.” 
 From these three magazines, with three millions of readers, we can receive 
 two pages from each every month for one year, and it does not cost us one 
 cent. 
 
 I have prepared a resolution to present before this body. 
 
 Whereas, The P. A. of A. has arrived at a time when it has reached a 
 stage for making known to the public its advancements in all lines of pho- 
 tography ; and 
 
 Whereas, We understand that some of the general magazines will 
 gladly devote a department of their publications to photography and stand 
 ready to publish articles on this subject, provided the necessary data and 
 illustrations are furnished them by this society ; and 
 
 Whereas, The Pennsylvania Society, at their late convention, adopted 
 resolutions and has appropriated one hundred ($100.00) dollars toward 
 this fund for the furtherance of this proposition, provided the P. A. of A. 
 contributes an amount of not less than two hundred ($200.00) dollars, and 
 that they will also extend an invitation to all other State societies to con- 
 tribute any amount they see fit to assist in the carrying out of these plans ; 
 therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That we, the delegates to the Congress of Photography, do 
 hereby give this proposition our hearty approval and endorsement, and 
 empower the President to proceed with the raising of funds for this pur- 
 pose and the carrying out of these plans, and when this fund has reached 
 an amount sufficient to warrant the proceedings with the work the Presi- 
 dent is empowered to proceed with the execution of the work. 
 
 I offer this resolution and I ask its adoption by this Congress. 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia): I move its adoption. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : My idea was that we should get 
 all the advertising we can where we can get it for nothing. There is not an- 
 other organization in the world that has the opportunity to get this advertis- 
 ing free, as we can. It will take a little money to get this data together and 
 take care of the expense. The story must be written in a way that will in- 
 terest the general public. My idea is to furnish the data and get the mag- 
 azines to write the articles. I don’t suppose the first year it will require 
 over $1000 to cover expenses. That is merely to get your committee to 
 working, and there must be some funds in order to take care of them. 
 
 By Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania): I want to make one thing clear, 
 and that is, that photographs to be used as illustrations in these articles 
 should not be used with the names of the photographers who made them. 
 That was thoroughly understood with the Pennsylvania Association, but is 
 not in these resolutions, but it should be understood before it goes before 
 the committee. 
 
 Page ninety 
 
By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania): The idea is to have no names 
 whatever. 
 
 Mr. Holloway (of Indiana): I heartily endorse the plan that Mr. 
 Schriever has outlined, because that recalls to my mind, back in 1894, when 
 I conceived the beautiful plan of having stories written and published in the 
 magazines so as to go broadcast over the land, one of the objects of which 
 would be to point out the misfortune, or something of that kind, from not 
 having the pictures of some dear relative, and I went so far as to present 
 this before the Association — the year I was President we met in Boston, and 
 we met before the Brush and Lens Club, and it was fresh in my mind. They 
 all said to a man, “that is a good thing, go ahead and do it.” I suppose I 
 looked like a fellow who had several thousand dollars in my “jeans.” Every- 
 body thought the plan was all right, but nobody came forward to assist me. 
 I happened to write one story myself when I was in the right mood. This 
 little story was entitled “Uncle Billy’s Version of a Lost Opportunity.” 
 
 I will try to outline a little of it so you can get my idea. I laid the 
 scene around a club, wherein the members of the club were staying in 
 the summer time. I don’t want you to think that I am an author, but the 
 idea appealed to me, and how it could be carried out if we had some 
 good author to write this story for us. This scene was laid in the club 
 room ; the men were there, and their wives were away, and the question came 
 up as to what was their greatest lost opportunity. And finally they called 
 on Uncle Billy, who was a favorite, to give his version of what he considered 
 his greatest lost opportunity. The story wound up by the death of a little 
 child — not his own, but of a very dear neighbor; and they had planned 
 several times to have the picture taken of the child, but something came up 
 and they put it off. And it wound up by saying that that was the greatest 
 lost opportunity that he ever knew of in his life. 
 
 I think if we get stories along that line, so when people read these 
 stories they will know the duty before them, what they ought to do. Now 
 I had conceived this idea when I was elected President of the Association, 
 and then following that I came across some magazines that were published 
 in Indianapolis, and I came across one story devoted to insurance It was 
 written by a man by the name of Flower, and that story told of half a dozen 
 different phases of insurance. But in writing them, there was not the name 
 of any insurance company. He dealt with life insurance, casualty insur- 
 ance, and insurance as an investment financially, and I venture to say that 
 people who read those stories were more or less induced to take out insur- 
 ance. I kept right up with the series of stories because it was right along 
 the line of my thought, and I knew then that I was on the right track in its 
 application, but I did not have the spare money to carry it out. 
 
 Mr. Schriever’ s idea, while it is different from mine, is good and the two 
 can be worked out together; and every magazine in the country would 
 publish stories if they were exclusive. The only question is of getting some 
 one to write those stories, and I believe, as several magazines already 
 
 Page ninety-one 
 
promised to give us two pages a month for a year, that we ought to go just 
 a little further and get these stories well written, and if it is possible to get 
 them broadcast over the country, it will be a big help to all photographers. 
 
 Mr. Phillips just said that no man’s name should be mentioned. That is 
 one thing you would have to watch for, or some fellow will get in his name 
 some way. No fellow’s name should be in there, and it should be written so 
 you could not help reading it. We all know that there was a large fund 
 provided by the life insurance companies to take care of that campaign. 
 
 It has been ten years since I had that idea, and I am glad to see that 
 some one has a better one. 
 
 Mr. Dozer (of Ohio) : The success or failure of the whole thing lies in 
 the sort of story you have, and what it represents. We talk about photog- 
 raphy — the brightest lights you see are in front of the picture show. 
 People are spending lots of money for photography. While it is moving 
 pictures, yet it is photography. We want to get people to want pictures 
 of themselves and their families. It is not just photography that we want 
 to advertise, but those engaged in professional photography. We want to 
 get people into the notion of getting pictures of themselves and their 
 families. 
 
 By President Tyree: As I understand this resolution the Pennsyl- 
 vania Society has already donated $100, provided the P. A. of A. votes 
 $200, and the plan is to get all other State societies to join with us in rais- 
 ing the funds to carry this out ; and the President be empowered, when he has 
 sufficient funds, to appoint a committee to carry out this plan. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania): I might state, Mr. Pi’esident, 
 that these magazines furnish the editors — we furnish the data and the illus- 
 trations, and then the stories are subject to our “O. K.” 
 
 By President Tyree: It is up to the President then when he thinks 
 he has sufficient funds to carry on this work? 
 
 By Mr. Dozer (of Ohio): Did you enter into the discussion of the 
 class of stuff; do they want stories — fiction? Did you talk to them about 
 this? Or have they in mind some scientific facts? 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : I went into detail of four stories. 
 The first story was “Advancement in Photography.” The second story 
 would be “Picture Portraits of Women.” And the third story would be 
 “Principles of Woman Portraiture,” and the final number would be “The 
 Pictures in the Home Pioperly Hung.” I told the editor about the method 
 of decorating the home, and it seemed to appeal to him, and he wanted to 
 know how they should be hung. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : You know’ when you talk 
 about advertising photography you hit a subject that covers every man in 
 photography, and covers the whole country at large. There is no question 
 about it that if w T e get. something in the way of a place that would advertise 
 photography in the right w^ay, it would not be any time at all until we would 
 all double our business, because we all know there are not enough photogra- 
 
 Page ninety-two 
 
pliers who are competent. How many times do we remember of the 
 photograph being brought in of a dear mother, or wife, and we had to re- 
 produce it from an old, soiled, inferior picture. And we have to make it look 
 as near as we can what the mother thinks, or the father thinks, the children 
 looked like when they died. 
 
 Now this scheme, this plan, is a good one, it seems to me, if we could get 
 it to going. I would like to see this thing right away, but I don’t know 
 hardly how to see it. If we could appoint a committee, and not wait until 
 these gentlemen get to it, it would be better. Appoint a committee and let 
 them devise a scheme and a plan that will push this forward. The faster 
 and the quicker we get it together the better it will be for all of us. I think 
 the best plan would be to get this committee going and they will move it 
 quicker than the Board could do it. 
 
 I would like to see Mr. Schriever’s plan tried. It would be the best plan 
 to appoint him a member of that committee, and let them get to work on it, 
 and keep on working for it, for no doubt this thing would do more good for 
 photography than anything else we know of. 
 
 It is not a hard thing to get the magazines. I don’t question that. 
 The magazines are looking for something new all the time. Now they will 
 accept it if we can get them the data, which is a hard thing, and they will 
 furnish the writers, but they have got to get the idea from us. They can- 
 not do without that. It seems to me if we could get a committee going 
 perhaps they could get action quicker. 
 
 By President Tyree: The reason I was very careful to state the 
 proposition to you the way I did, is that I thought it would not do to delay it 
 the way we might have to. It should be attended to promptly and you would 
 leave it to the President to wait until he saw fit, or rather until he had suf- 
 ficient funds to go ahead. That is why I am so glad that Mr. Harris has 
 spoken on this and brought it up. I should think it would be best to ap- 
 point a committee to go to work on it at once. 
 
 While I am on this line, I want to tell you something. When you are 
 appointed on a committee and accept, your obligations to do your work 
 are just as much and just as strong as when you are elected an officer of 
 this Association. When you elect a man president of the P. A. of A. you 
 expect him to devote enough time to make you a president, and make your 
 Association progress, and do just as much for the Association as he is able. 
 In the way of a committee, when you are appointed on a committee you 
 ought to do the work of that committee. When you are appointed on a 
 committee don’t wait until you come to the meeting next year and then meet 
 for two or three hours and make up your report. Committees sometimes do 
 not do what they should. A man should not accept a committee appoint- 
 ment unless he intends to carry on the work. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : My only object in making the 
 delay was to raise some funds. We have got to have some funds in order 
 to get this thing pushed. We have got to get in touch with each other, and 
 
 Page ninety-three 
 
it will take some money. I presume in three months we could get some 
 money. If you will appropriate $200 for this we can get it started. I got 
 $100 from our State. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina): I know of nothing that will 
 do photography as much good as this idea. I think the quicker, the better ; 
 and if it is not out of order I would like to move that we appropriate $200. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Mr. Chambers suggests 
 that perhaps the manufacturers will help. 
 
 By Mr. Doty (of Michigan): It was my intention to bring it before 
 the Ohio-Michigan Association at our meeting in August ; and while we 
 cannot make any positive promises, I have every reason to believe that you 
 will have an appropriation from the Ohio-Michigan Association. 
 
 Just to verify this, I will say that I personally have been making a 
 good deal of advertising absolutely without expense in a very similar man- 
 ner. I happen to be lucky enough to keep in touch personalty with the 
 manager of the Publishers’ Syndicate, and found that he wanted stuff of 
 that kind. And he was after me all the time for some such stuff that would 
 be interesting reading, and so I have been giving him some stuff from time 
 to time, and somewhere in it there is a touch of Doty. There is one little 
 story that has gone clear to the London Times ; The Youth's Companion 
 published it a short time ago, and the New York Tribune wrote me for 
 copies. 
 
 By a Delegate : Why not change that resolution and get this com- 
 mittee appointed? 
 
 By President Tyree: I think Mr. Schriever has taken it back there 
 now to possibly correct it and get it before the body so we can get on with it. 
 
 There were four resolutions brought in and adopted on Tuesday morn- 
 ing. Unfortunately the reporter did not bring them over with him to-night 
 and I cannot state how they read. They were passed, but the Secretary 
 hasn’t the resolutions with him. Can any one inform me what they were? 
 There were a few matters there that should be acted on. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : I have the resolution corrected 
 now; the last portion of it I have revised. It reads as follows: 
 
 Whereas, The P. A. of A. has arrived at a time when it has reached 
 a stage for making known to the public its advancements in all lines of pho- 
 tography ; and 
 
 Whereas, We understand that some of the general magazines will 
 gladly devote a department of their publication to photography and stand 
 ready to publish articles on this subject, provided the necessary data and 
 illustrations are furnished them by this society ; and 
 
 Whereas, The Pennsylvania Society, at their late convention, have 
 adopted resolutions and have appropriated one hundred ($100.00) dollars 
 toward this fund for the furtherance of this proposition, provided the 
 P. A. of A. contributes an amount of not less than two hundred ($200.00) 
 dollars, and that they will also extend an invitation to all other State 
 
 Page ninety-four 
 
societies to contribute any amount they see fit to assist in the carrying out 
 of these plans ; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That we, the delegates to the Congress of Photography, do 
 hereby give this proposition our hearty approval and endorsement, and 
 empower our President to proceed with the raising of funds for this pur- 
 pose, and that the President is empowered to appoint a committee of three, 
 which shall include the Secretary, to prepare plans and make all necessary 
 arrangements and proceed with the work. 
 
 I move that it be accepted. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 Mr. Dozer (of Ohio) : I move you that we appropriate from the funds 
 of the Photographers’ Association of America, the sum of two hundred 
 ($200.00) dollars for furthering this proposition. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): Last year w r e brought up a bill 
 creating an examining board for photographers and endorsed it, and asked 
 the various State Associations to take it up and get it through the various 
 State Legislatures. How many States in the United States, except Vir- 
 ginia and Oklahoma, have attempted to get that through? 
 
 We would have been successful in Virginia, but it was crowded off the 
 calendar because there were 250 bills that they never reached at all. It 
 makes it very difficult to get a bill through there. We lost some very im- 
 portant bills because we did not have time to get them through on 
 account of the crowded calendar. But I would like to know what was done 
 in other States. I fear that you do not understand it. You mistake it for 
 a license bill. This bill does not need to carry a license feature with it at 
 all — not over a dollar for the certificate. Does anybody know whether the 
 bill has been introduced anywhere? 
 
 By President Tyree: I believe it can be done in North Carolina. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : I think I can do it another year. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : What is the object of this bill? 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : It is a bill creating an examining 
 board similar to the one created for doctors, lawyers, eye and ear and 
 throat specialists, veterinary surgeons, and even the barbers have a bill. 
 It is a board appointed by the Governor of each State, which sits twice a 
 year. And everybody who wishes to embark in the photographic business 
 will have to go before that board and stand an examination to get their 
 certificate showing that they are capable of conducting a studio. As it is 
 now, it is about the only thing that people can get into without having an 
 examination of some kind, or passing an examination. And that makes us 
 subject to a great many undesirable, non-responsible people that will natur- 
 ally be driven into our profession, unless you throw the same safeguards 
 around us that are being thrown around others. In my State you cannot 
 teach children five years old unless you have passed a State examination. 
 You cannot be a policeman any more unless you stand an examination and 
 
 Page ninety-five 
 
show you are competent. I really think it is a good thing. I have a copy 
 of it in my room and I will show it to you to-morrow. I feel very much dis- 
 appointed that we have not got a report. 
 
 I see there is some opposition to it, but that will all die away, I think, 
 after people understand. I think it is the only way to elevate our profes- 
 sion to where we will command the respect of everybody the same as other 
 professions. 
 
 Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania): I would just like to ask one ques- 
 tion, and that is, whether this matter was brought directly to the State 
 societies? At our convention in Scranton I heard nothing of such a bill, 
 and I heard nothing of a recommendation from the National Association 
 that we should take it up. Now was it just published or were notices sent 
 to State societies? 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): I don’t know whether notices were 
 sent out by the Secretary, but the bill was in the minutes and published in 
 the record of our last convention. 
 
 By Mr. Stewart (not a delegate, but given permission to address the 
 Congress) : I would say for Mr. Holsinger’s information, and the informa- 
 tion of Congress that I have secured the promise of the representative from 
 our county to introduce a bill at the next Legislature. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : If our Secretary will just 
 take the points that come up, such as Mr. Phillips asked about, the discus- 
 sion will make him stronger and will give him suggestions that he could never 
 get in any other way. Here is the point, do the State societies know what 
 we did last year? If you will remember that now, and get in touch with the 
 State societies, our National Association through you will reach every State 
 society that we have never been able to reach before. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Doty (of Michigan) : This bill of Mr. Holsinger’s, with the 
 attendant resolution, was taken up in my report to the Ohio-Michigan 
 Association, I being the delegate from Ohio-Michigan last year. It re- 
 ceived considerable discussion and the concensus of opinion was that it was 
 contrary to the Constitution and no further action was taken on it. 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : What I wished to say was that this mat- 
 ter, after the National Association recommended it and adopted it, was 
 taken to our Association in October, and was discussed fully and thor- 
 oughly and adopted unanimously by the Virginia Association. 
 
 By Mr. Holloway (of Indiana) : I believe that all of us are in favor 
 of something of that kind, and I believe that every State organization w r ould 
 adopt it, and get the Legislatures to pass it, and pass a bill that would stick 
 but for two different things. A man can take a camera (it has been 
 threshed out for the last ten years) and can make any kind of a hideous 
 picture of anybody, but he has not injured that party. A barber comes in 
 for protection under the sanitary laws. We would all like to see this law 
 passed, but it will not stick. You may say a carpenter needs protection. 
 You may say an individual cannot build his own fence unless he passes the 
 
 Page ninety-six 
 
same examination. But you cannot keep a man from building his own 
 fence even if he is not a carpenter. You all agree with me that it will not 
 stick. However, we are wasting valuable time talking on it. You might 
 just as well cease talking on that. Our State Associations can all pass 
 that, but then we are not going to see it stick afterward. That is true, be- 
 cause it will not hold water. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): I am sorry to see some take that 
 stand. We have come here to uplift the Association and help ourselves, if 
 we get anything done. Do you think 15,000 photographers in the United 
 States cannot get a bill through like that, when the barbers have done it? 
 
 What is dearer to any man than the features of his dear old mother? 
 And then think how often you receive the cheap print of some itinerant pho- 
 tographer who traveled through your town and robbed the people of their 
 money. 
 
 Where are the lawyers endangering life? They have got the same bill. 
 You cannot practice law unless you stand an examination. You have got 
 to have an education before you can practice law ; you have to have a col- 
 lege education before you can get in. 
 
 What is required to be a photographer? You can be taking tickets on 
 a street car at 12 o’clock, and go and get you a camera, open a place of 
 business and be a photographer at 4< o’clock. Why — because you have a 
 camera. I want to put our profession on the highest plane. We want to 
 throw safeguards around it. I don’t know what Constitution you have in 
 your State, Mr. Doty. 
 
 By Mr. Doty (of Michigan): It wasn’t that; it was the question of 
 the Constitution of the United States. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : You must have had pessimists in 
 your society also. It has been passed upon by some of the best lawyers in 
 Virginia and Oklahoma; it is absolutely the same as the law for dentists, 
 doctors, lawyers, veterinary surgeons ; and besides that it doesn’t prevent 
 any man from making his own pictures. The law does not prevent any 
 man from administering medicine, provided he does not charge for it. 
 The lawyers’ bill says it does not prevent a man from writing wills or 
 doing other legal work, unless he charges for it. A man can write you a 
 worthless will, and it is all right, as long as he does not charge you for it. 
 A man can make all the photographs in the world under this proposed bill 
 if he does not charge for them. But it will put our Association upon a 
 higher plane. (Applause.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I would like to ask Mr. Holsinger, what do 
 you want this body to do? 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): I want this body to request the 
 various State Associations to get after this bill and get behind it and push 
 it through. 
 
 Page ninety-seven 
 
I move you that we request the various State Associations to appoint 
 a special committee to get behind this bill and have it passed. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 By President Tyree: Are there any remarks? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I certainly do not want to obstruct 
 anything. I want to clear up a little, and also to help out my colleague 
 from Indiana. That is, to point out the difference between the amateur 
 and the professional. Brother Holloway says it is illegal to cut his face. 
 Certainly it is. A man can do all the barbering he wants to, he doesn’t 
 have to pass an examination to do work, providing he does it as an ama- 
 teur. It is the proposition of setting up in business. You must under- 
 stand that in this discussion at Kansas City it was clearly understood and 
 the bill clearly states that any one who wishes to make pictures for their 
 own pleasure or misery, or pleasure and misery of their friends, without 
 charge, is not in any way affected by this. It is aimed to do away with the 
 professional itinerant, and I am heartily in favor of it if we can do it. 
 
 Mr. Hesse (of Kentucky, not a delegate, is given permission to talk) : 
 What are we going to do with the State that has no organization? We can- 
 not get them together and cannot hold them together, and we have never 
 been able to hold them together. 
 
 By P resident Tyree: My dear sir, you can get them together. You 
 surely can have a State Association to-morrow if you will get the men be- 
 hind it and make it go. 
 
 Mr. Abel desires to make a remark. 
 
 By' Mr. Abel (of Ohio, not a delegate) : Mr. Chairman and delegates 
 of the Congress, I believe I was largely responsible for the action of the 
 Ohio-Michigan Association refusing to adopt it, because it was against my 
 business. I want to say for Mr. Holsinger’s benefit, and the benefit of 
 several others who know, I want to say this, I shall keep nvy hands off of 
 this matter for one whole year and see if you can put it through. (Ap- 
 plause.) 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): This law eliminates the itinerant 
 photographer. It will be so arranged that the boards meet in the several 
 States at the same time. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday' (of North Carolina): It strikes me to have a uni- 
 form movement upon that, the Secretary should secure copies of that bill 
 and send to the State societies, and then you have a concerted action. Now 
 if you have put up something in good form we will go to work on it; some- 
 thing that is sensible and something that Holloway thinks will gc through. 
 
 By' Mr. Hammond (of Mississippi): Mr. Chairman, I want to state 
 that if I can be furnished with the necessary data, I will present it to our 
 representative in our city, and will have a bill put there as soon as we pos- 
 sibly can. 
 
 Mr. Hesse (of Kentucky, not a delegate, is given permission to talk): 
 I sometimes have photographed all over America and Europe. Now you 
 
 Page ninety-eight 
 
are endeavoring to enact legislation that requires an examination of a pho- 
 tographer. Do you want to examine him in every State that we enter? 
 You are conflicting against the Interstate Commerce, and you are inter- 
 fering with the Constitution of the United States when you stop me from 
 making a livelihood when I am injuring no one. It has been held that if I 
 ship material into Atlanta from outside of Georgia, you cannot stop my 
 work, as I did not buy the material in the State. If you enact those laws 
 you have got to enact them so they do not conflict with the Constitution of 
 the United States, and do not conflict with the Interstate Commerce law. 
 
 You are not enacting legislation for the benefit of all photographers. 
 You have got to consider everybody that goes from one point to another. 
 Those are things that I don’t think you considered at all. They must be 
 thought out. 
 
 You are putting up a bill before the Legislature, probably like one they 
 enacted in the State of Kentucky only this last year. A most foolish law. 
 If a faucet gets out of repair in my house I cannot replace the handle or fix 
 that faucet. This is the same character of legislation that you are trying 
 to enact before your State Legislatures. Unless you carry it out thor- 
 oughly and give a man his privileges so they do not conflict with the In- 
 terstate Commerce laws and the Constitution of the United States, why you 
 had better quit. Consider these things first. I don’t think that any law 
 that you can pass would make a photographer pass an examination. 
 
 What are you going to examine him on? On what grounds? On what 
 basis? What are you going to make him pass on? Chemistry examina- 
 tion? No. Probably Mr. Holsinger isn’t a chemist. Maybe he can answer 
 some questions in chemistry. I don’t know. How many of you do know 
 anything about chemistry? How many of you can tell how a dry plate is 
 manufactured? None. What are you going to examine a photographer 
 on? Do you know how to make pictures? Do you know how to make 
 lighting? 
 
 I think if you try to enact laws to examine a photographer you are 
 going to make the Association the laughing stock, not of America, but of 
 the world, and you will find out that I am right. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): We have looked into this matter 
 thoroughly. We have not jumped at this thing. There are one or two 
 things that you should not overlook. It is not going to hurt the old prac- 
 titioner who is competent. If you are a reputable photographer you are 
 going to have no trouble at our hands. But if you are the itinerant, un- 
 derstand, you may have some trouble getting your certificate, and those 
 are the men for whom we want to make the trouble. We have looked into this 
 thing thoroughly. Any photographer, who is an honorable photographer, 
 will have no trouble in going from one State to another. Why I have even 
 loaned them my dark room. And if you come to my town and are an hon- 
 orable photographer, I will let you use my dark room and facilities. I will 
 help you along. 
 
 Page ninety-rime 
 
I am sorry there are so many pessimists here. I know if we want to 
 do anything we must all get together. It will paralyze these cheap men 
 that get in front of you and knock your prices. 
 
 (Mr. Hesse, of Kentucky, not a delegate, rises to his feet.) 
 
 By Mb. Labrimeb (of Indiana): In the interest of the good of the 
 Association, I rise to a point of order. This gentleman spoke first by 
 consent here. We must certainly enforce the rule that he cannot take up 
 the time of this Congress in arguing this question. 
 
 By President Tyree: You are right. This matter could be kept up 
 until to-morrow morning, so let’s pass along. 
 
 Is there any new business for the Congress? While Mr. Holsinger is 
 reducing his resolution to writing — I wish I had those resolutions in regard 
 to the parcel post. We meet but once a year and now is the time to do 
 business. When we bring these delegates together it is the time to do busi- 
 ness. We cannot do it next week, so let’s stick here until it is finished. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I think I have a carbon copy 
 of those resolutions passed the other day. 
 
 (Produces same and gives them to the President.) 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : I have my resolution ready now: 
 
 Resolved, That the various State Associations appoint a steering com- 
 mittee to secure the passage of the law creating an examining board, and 
 that the Secretary be instructed to send a copy of said bill to the secretary 
 of the State Association or some representative member in each State. 
 
 By Mr. Brakebill (of Tennessee) : It occurs to me that the resolution 
 should carry with it something that would reach every State. 
 
 By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia): I have just added on here, “or 
 some representative member in each State.” 
 
 (Motion to adopt resolution put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: Now in regard to this parcel post, I see some- 
 thing here, which I want to say is the reason I asked for it — I want to read 
 this resolution as adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the P. A. of A., assembled in Atlanta, wish to go on 
 record as expressing their feelings of indignation against the unfair dis- 
 crimination by the postal authorities for not allowing photographs the 
 benefits of parcel post rates ; be it further 
 
 Resolved, That the Legislative Committee take proper steps to secure 
 parcel post rates for photographs. 
 
 The reason I wanted it was just that last clause. As I understand it, 
 the Legislative Committee has this in hand to evolve some scheme by which 
 you can get after these people. You have adopted it. If there is no further 
 business before this house, I w r ould like some discussion as to how we can go 
 about this. 
 
 We almost got that in at one time. We w r ere up as far as the first 
 assistant postmaster general and also the father of the parcel post bill. 
 But after we went home, and after w r e had this nice personal interview, it 
 
 Page one hundred 
 
died out, and after that the closest I could get to this hill was the third 
 assistant postmaster general ; and I specifically wrote him letter after let- 
 ter, and I have never been able to get a reply so that I could understand his 
 letter at all, and he never would answer a question. 
 
 I want to know of some way of getting after these people and of bring- 
 ing some pressure to bear, because the parcel post carries books now, and we 
 were in the same classification as books. It was extended to them, and we 
 certainly ought to have it. It is a discrimination against us, and I think it is 
 rather an important thing that we get the benefit of the parcel post. I 
 would like to hear from the Legislative Committee something about this. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : Mr. Chaii-man, we had that in mind; 
 and I believe all that we can do is to carry it to the assistant postmaster 
 general of the smallest possible numeral we can approach. But we are do- 
 ing it this time authorized by the Photographers’ Association of America. 
 What more can we do? It is not a matter for representatives and senators. 
 It is left in the hands of the Post Office Department. What more can 
 we do? 
 
 Mr. Pelton (of North Carolina, not a delegate, is given permission to 
 address the Congress) : I understand there was a provision passed in the 
 March bill that allows photographs to come in. I understand that photo- 
 graphs have been accepted under that bill. We have been sending them by 
 parcel post ever since. 
 
 By Mr. Towi >es (of Washington, D. C.) : The only condition under 
 w T hich it could be sent is that it is framed and the frame weighs more than 
 the picture. 
 
 By Mr. Core (of New York, not a delegate, but given permission to 
 address Congress): I wrote to the postmaster general in regard to the 
 parcel post matter. I was informed that if photographs weighed as much as 
 four pounds that we were entitled to the parcel post rates, and I suggest 
 that we put a brick in each package. I should like to know if anybody here 
 is prepared to tell me the difference in cost between pounds? If that is true 
 we can easily load up a package. My ideas may be a little bit fancy, but I 
 think that we are entitled to the same privileges as beef, stocks and babies. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Mr. President, I am not 
 much interested in this parcel post proposition personally, but what is good 
 for the Association I am for. And whatever is a general plan good for pho- 
 tographers, I try to keep my fingers on, so that if anybody should ask a 
 question I could tell him. It is pretty hard to keep up with this bill. It is 
 changed so often. When the postmaster general had the right to do as he 
 pleased, which he did have, then he was called down good and strong — you 
 remember? He cannot change anything at all now; it has to be ratified by 
 Congress. That is what Mr. Rubber told me. I asked him just, a short time 
 ago if there was any chance for photographs to come into parcel post rates 
 without any restrictions. “No,” he said, “I have got it on my desk and 
 have had ever since that good-looking gentleman from North Carolina was 
 
 Page one hundred and one 
 
here. The minute that I get the right from Congress that is the first thing 
 I am directed to do.” 
 
 Now I will promise this: The very minute that Mr. Holsinger can find 
 the time, because I would not expect Mr. Larrimer to come that far, I will 
 go down with him and see Mr. Lewis. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : Mr. Harris has explained that 
 matter and he gave me some very good suggestions. He says it is almost 
 impossible to move the postal authorities. He says there is only one 
 way to make those people take action, and that is to flood them with mail. 
 Send them these resolutions, send them to your State societies, and have 
 your State societies send them in, together with letters urging it. Not only 
 to the Post Office Department, but also to the committee investigating the 
 parcel post, and also every congressman and get them all talking about it, 
 and perhaps they can do something with the department. He gave me a list 
 of all members of the parcel post investigating committee, and told me we 
 could make use of it. 
 
 The list is as follows : 
 
 Chairman, Joseph L. Bristow, senator from Kansas, 2612 Garfield 
 Street, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Vice-chairman, David E. Finley, representative from South Carolina, 
 2020 P Street, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Nathan P. Bryan, senator from Florida, The Connecticut, Washing- 
 ton, D. C. 
 
 Charles E. Townsend, senator from Michigan, The Portland, Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 David J. Lew r is, representative from Maryland. 
 
 John F. Gardner, Egg Harbor City, N. J. 
 
 Secretary, Fay N. Seaton, 608 Quincy Street, Washington, D. C. 
 
 And in addition he also gave me the following committee: 
 
 Joint Committee on Postage on Second-class Mail Matter and Com- 
 pensation for Transportation of Mails : 
 
 Chairman, Jonathen Bourne, Jr., Portland, Ore. 
 
 Harry Richardson, Dover, Del. 
 
 John H. Bankhead, senator from Alabama, The New Willard, Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 John W. Weeks, senator from Massachusetts, 1701 Massachusetts 
 Avenue, Washington, D. C. 
 
 James T. Lloyd, representative fi'om Missouri, The Brighton (Club), 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 William E. Tuttle, Jr., representative from New Jersey, The Cosmos, 
 Washington, I). C. 
 
 Secretary, Robert H. Turner, The Hoffman, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Page one hundred and two 
 
By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : I move that the Secretary have a 
 copy of the resolution that we offered and passed the other morning, in re- 
 gard to parcel post, printed and sent out to the various photographers, and 
 to the members of those committees, with the recommendation that they each 
 write these members and include in the letter a copy of the resolution with 
 their personal recommendation. 
 
 (Motion seconded and put.) 
 
 By Mr. Chambers (of Pennsylvania, not a delegate, but given permis- 
 sion to address Congress) : In behalf of the Photographic Publishers’ Asso- 
 ciation of America, we will, jointly, request that at a certain date all pho- 
 tographers of America send in a letter as you now wish ; and we will print it, 
 not only in one issue, but possibly three or four times if you wish. On be- 
 half of the photographic weeklies, and on behalf of Mr. Abel and myself I 
 know it will be done. 
 
 By President Tyree: I wish to say that is one way of getting it. If 
 you delegates will go home and put your shoulders to the wheel, and see that 
 every photographer in your State on a certain date should w rite in a letter, 
 and then follow' it up, I am sure the officials would take notice all right — 
 with such a flood of letters coming in on them, and the pressure they 
 will bring to bear. 
 
 By Mr. Belle-Oudry (of California) : I have been discussing so much 
 before this Congress that perhaps you will not care to listen, but I want to 
 say something just the same. 
 
 The little pamphlet that we publish, the Association News, is published 
 — I don’t know where, I can’t pronounce it, but in a small place. I am a 
 photographer in Oakland, and sometimes people intend to come to see me 
 and they don’t come, and I investigate and find that they went to San Fran- 
 cisco. Why? Because they didn’t want to see Oakland printed on it. 
 They wanted to see a big cit} r . 
 
 You are sending this magazine all over the country, to a great body of 
 photographers, and it does not carry as much w'eight when it comes from a 
 small place. I don’t know the place. I never heard of it, and I cannot pro- 
 nounce it. Now r , if it was published in Philadelphia or New* York, I think 
 it would be of more importance. 
 
 (Mr. Holsinger’s motion is put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : Judging from the remarks 
 
 made you would like to have this list printed. I would move you that this 
 list of committees be printed. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: I would like to ask Mr. Towles as to these sug- 
 gestions that he offered before Congress this morning, I want to know if you 
 can get them in the right shape and present it to Congress in the morning? 
 
 By' Mr. Tow les (of Washington, D. C.) : I will get it in shape. 
 
 Page one hundred and three 
 
By Secretary Hoffman : I would like to speak just a word with the 
 consent of the Congress. There are a great many plans that have been 
 outlined to-night, and I have been sitting here listening, and I know that it 
 will be necessary for me to work along with every one of these committees 
 that are appointed, and the different State societies on every proposition 
 that has been presented. And the work that you have outlined here to- 
 night is enough to keep me at work three years on it. And I was just won- 
 dering how you wanted me to proceed, whether to work on the entire prop- 
 osition, or to concentrate my efforts on one proposition at a time ; then when 
 I get that through, take up something else. How do you desire me to work 
 on this? I want to get results, because next year when we come back to the 
 next meeting of Congress you will ask, “what have you been doing?” “You 
 didn’t do a thing about licensing photographers,” when probably I had been 
 working hard on something else, and put in all the time. I believe it is best 
 to concentrate the best efforts on one line, and then work on the others, but 
 you cannot do it all at once. 
 
 By President Tyree: I would like to state that, to my mind, the way 
 to go about getting effective work, in the first place, is to have the Presi- 
 dent to be on his job. In the second place, is to have the special committee 
 appointed for each of these resolutions to attend to it, and the President 
 should see that they do attend to it. And it will take some of the work off 
 of the Secretary, and it will give these good men something to do. And I 
 think putting these things in the hands of a committee that will work, and a 
 man behind to see that they do work, is the way to get effective work out of 
 Congress. That is my idea of putting this thing over. 
 
 That is why I brought up the parcel post matter. I did not know 
 whether a committee was to be appointed or not, but I think this committee 
 will take care of it and go right after it. 
 
 My idea is to put different things in the hands of committees of two 
 or three, and then see that the work is carried on. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I would like to say some- 
 thing on that same subject. The Secretary can take this down. The reason 
 why our committees don’t work is not known to you. You take three men 
 and appoint them. For instance, you have Ben Larrimer, Mr. Holsinger 
 and myself, and then you expect us to meet during the year and attend 
 to the work. It is impossible. You pick out men who are scattered all over 
 the country. Why not pick out men who can reach each other now and 
 then, and then let that set of men do one thing; and appoint another set in 
 another section of the country to do another. But you cannot get men in 
 N ew York and Chicago and Washington together to do any work — they’re 
 too far apart. The Secretary can help the President along these lines if 
 lie will keep it in mind. It is one of the things that you ought to keep in 
 mind, to pick out the men who are in certain localities to do the work you 
 want them to do. You pick out men in Baltimore, Washington and Phila- 
 
 Paye one hundred and four 
 
delphia, and it is possible for us to get together once in a while. You pick 
 out another set of men over near Chicago, and around in there, and they 
 can do some other work. Pick jmur committees by grouping men in sec- 
 tions. Don’t divide the committee all over the United States. 
 
 Bv President Tyree : That is a good suggestion. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I would like to say one thing 
 in answer to the Secretary. The Secretary says he has got enough work 
 to do for three years. He has not got enough work for this year, because 
 he can go to it in a systematic way and he can do it in nine months. He 
 will have all the work he can do and more, of course, than he can do. He 
 can take up one thing at a time if he deems it best and the proposition big 
 enough. He can follow his own inclination. He has got to make good. He 
 may do it as it suits him. If he can handle three things at one time, go 
 ahead. If one thing seems big enough to do and it is worthy of special 
 effort, why specialize on it. When he comes back, then he can say, this is 
 what I have to show. He can tell us how much trouble that result was, and 
 we will have to judge by how much trouble it was. We know that he can 
 only do so much, and I know that this whole Congress will be perfectly fair 
 with him, and I know that he will give his best efforts. We know that he 
 will give his best work to pull this thing out. 
 
 By President Tyree: The remarks are all right. He can take care 
 of it S3 7 stematically. We will stand adjourned. 
 
 Page one hundred and five 
 
Thursday Morning Session, June 18, 1914 
 
 9.15 o’clock 
 
 Meeting called to order at 9.15, President Tyree in chair. 
 
 Roll call. 
 
 Minutes of previous meeting were read and approved. 
 
 By President Tyree: The meeting is open for business? 
 
 By Mrs. Standiford (of Kentucky): Mr. President, I want to know 
 if it is in order for me to ask a personal question for advice? I have been a 
 member of this organization about twelve years, and a member of the 
 Women’s Federation for about three years. And I cannot attend both 
 meetings, and I feel that I want to offer my resignation to the Women’s 
 Federation; and if I do where will I stand, and how will I be taken care of 
 in this? I want to belong to this and be a regular member so that I can 
 be recognized as are other members. And I want to know if the ladies will 
 have a place on the Board? I have been asked by some of the ladies to see 
 about that also. 
 
 By Mr. Dozer (Treasurer) : I think that I can reply to Mrs. Standi- 
 ford. The Women’s Federation is simply a kin, or rather a part of our 
 regular organization. Every person who is a member of the Women’s 
 Federation and attends our convention is supposed to be an active member 
 in the National, and there is no reason under the sun why you could not 
 withdraw from the Women’s Federation and still be a member of the Na- 
 tional. If the Women’s Federation was dissolved, you would still be a 
 member of the National. 
 
 As far as a place on the Board, that is up to the convention. A 
 woman, who is a member, is eligible to office in the Association. A woman 
 has the privilege of ballot, and I presume is eligible to office if she is elected. 
 
 Bv r Mrs. Wootten: I was not fortunate enough to hear the first of 
 Mrs. Standiford’s remarks, but I believe it a question of disbanding the 
 Federation as a union. The people of North Carolina, Mr. Tyree, Mr. 
 Holsinger and Mr. Cole, and all these men that we have had our convention 
 experience with, know that the woman with a microbe for doing things is a 
 very uncomfortable and unrestful thing where there is no outlet for that 
 microbe to express itself, and things happen that hurt them very much. 
 Mr. Tyree and my friends know what I refer to, and I am not going into it. 
 
 Now we have no such feeling in the National Convention, and I am 
 thankful for it. One reason we have not is on account of the Women’s 
 Federation. That is an organization within the National, submissive to the 
 National Board. While there can be no infraction, at the same time it gives a 
 proper vent for this energy that lots of us have. I work because I have got 
 
 Page one hundred and six 
 
to make money and I have got to develop my business ; and I think it would 
 be a very sad thing for the National Convention at large if the Women’s 
 Federation is allowed to be disbanded and dissolved. 
 
 One thing I see that comes up, and that is the matter of expense. The 
 women will raise their own funds. There will be not one dollar’s expense to 
 the National. They will always be glad to work in harmony; and I have 
 served on the Board of the Women’s Federation for four years, and I think 
 we can say that there never will be any friction. They always work in har- 
 mony with the National, and I hope before you gentlemen and ladies pass 
 any resolution dissolving the Federation that you will give it most serious 
 thought, because it means very much to that body of working women. I 
 thank you. (Applause.) 
 
 By Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania) : As I understand, as near as I 
 can remember of what Mrs. Standiford said, this is not a matter up to the 
 Association or Congress. We have no right to disband the Women’s Federa- 
 tion as far as we are concerned, and it seems to me that Mr. Dozer placed 
 the matter before us very clearly. That is, women are considered as active 
 members — that covers the whole ground. As to whether they have a rep- 
 resentative on the Board, that is a matter of election, the same as for any 
 candidate. But the women have to disband of their own free will. 
 
 By President Tyree: What Mrs. Standiford desires is to be- 
 
 an active member, and she wants to resign as a member of the Federation. 
 Mrs. Standiford, you are an active member. You are entitled to a voice the 
 same as any of us, and to office if elected. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.): The way I understand the 
 organization of the Women’s Federation, it is a distinct, separate organiza- 
 tion ; in fact, they have two organizations within themselves. They have a 
 Circle and a Federation. It is not even necessary for their members to be 
 a member of the National. I don’t see that the National Association has 
 any jurisdiction over the Federation whatsoever. 
 
 By President Tyree: A woman cannot be a member of the Federa- 
 tion without being a member of the P. A. of A., but she can of the Circle. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : The Women’s Federation 
 is an affiliated body. The only connection is that the National Association 
 has been donating a certain amount of money to assist them. I don’t think 
 we have any control over what they do. 
 
 By Mr. Dozer (Treasurer) : I would like to say just a word. I don’t 
 know what is in the air, but I think every man and every woman will agree 
 with me that this collection of pictures that the women have been showing at 
 this convention has been well worth every cent it has cost our Association. 
 I think the quality of our exhibits have increased a great deal since these 
 women have been taking a collection of pictures ; and personally I am very 
 glad to have this Association contribute what we have contributed. (Ap- 
 plause.) 
 
 Page one hundred and seven 
 
I would dislike very much to have the ladies withdraw this support and 
 help in making the conventions the successes they have been the last few 
 years. 
 
 By President Tyree: Mr. Towles, please take the chair. 
 
 By Mr. Tyree (of North Carolina) : I want to go on record as stating 
 this : I don’t know that there is any one that would more gladly give their 
 support to the women than I would. I think we should co-operate wdth 
 them in every way. 
 
 But I want to tell you that I don’t believe in organizations within an 
 organization all the way around, covering all branches of photography. It 
 is not necessary for the portrait men to have an organization, and the com- 
 mercial men to have an organization, and so on through. That is not neces- 
 sary. All in the world we have to do is to appoint a committee to take care 
 of the women. Appoint a committee to take care of the commercial end of 
 it, and so on, to provide entertainment and instructions to these people. 
 And a woman is a member of the P. A. of A. whether she is a member of the 
 Federation or not. If the women w r ant a little federation or a club within 
 this organization, that is all right. The women have certainly given us the 
 best that we have had. They have worked diligently, and the women have 
 never worked any harder than they have this last year. But I don’t believe 
 in organizations within organizations, and organizations within organiza- 
 tions, and organizations within organizations. The P. A. of A. is an or- 
 ganization to take care of us all. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I don’t think that is the 
 question at all. The question that this lady wants to know, and I have been 
 asked about it a dozen times this last year, is whether a lady can become a 
 member of the P. A. of A. without joining the Federation? This Federa- 
 tion has nothing to do with us, and we have nothing to do with it. The 
 officers have come to us several times and asked for money, and w r e have given 
 it to them. As long as the Board sees they are getting results from this Fed- 
 eration, they will keep on giving money to help it. As far as a woman is 
 concerned, she can come in here, and she can be just as much a part of the 
 P. A. of A. as any man in it. 
 
 A woman cannot join the Federation without joining this society. I 
 think that is a good thing. 
 
 Here is another thing. A federation of any class of photography 
 could be formed in here, and it does not matter how many of them. But 
 just the minute this Board thinks they are getting too big they can stop 
 them, but they can only stop them so far as their support is concerned. If 
 I were going to suggest something, I would suggest that our Board do some- 
 thing for these federations, only do it through our Association and in our 
 way, and not through the Federation. When the Federation comes up here 
 and asks for something let them say what they want, but do it in our way 
 and not in the other fellow’s w r ay, and then you can stop any more federa- 
 tions being started. 
 
 Page one hundred and eight 
 
I want to say that these women have done a wonderful work. They 
 have organized themselves, and they have their own meeting. It is a good 
 thing. It gives them a place to get it out of their system. When my wife 
 gets started I let her go and get it out of her system, and then I can live 
 with her again. And my wife does the same thing with me. When I get 
 started she lets me go, and then when I get it out of my system she can live 
 with me again, she says. 
 
 Here is the trouble. They go home and announce I have not seen any- 
 thing of this convention. You ask them what is the matter, and they will 
 say the Federation kept me so durned busy I have not had a chance. 
 
 But the point we want to make clear at this time is: A woman can join 
 this Association and be just as big in this Association here, whether a mem- 
 ber of the Federation or not. We have nothing in the Constitution con- 
 cerning the Federation, but the Federation has something concerning us in 
 their Constitution. 
 
 By Mr. Cole (of Virginia) : I think there is a great deal of good that 
 the Federation has done. I think it has done a great deal of good in 
 more ways than one; and I think it has put forth more energy in trying 
 to interest the lady members in the fraternity at large. I think that it 
 has tried to reach all of the women with its literature, and tried to 
 get them here. If they should decide to withdraw, wouldn’t that lessen the 
 attendance of the ladies at our convention? Anything that would tend to 
 lessen their interest or make their attendance smaller, I would certainly not 
 be in favor of. We need more women in the photographic profession. The 
 Federation will be a great deal of help in interesting and helping us along 
 that line. I feel that the women have done a great deal for this Association, 
 and I candidly believe it would be a very sad mistake to us to let them dis- 
 band. Because I don’t believe the Association could exercise the same influ- 
 ence over the ladies at the convention as the Women’s Federation itself does. 
 
 By President Tyree: Mrs. Standiford, your question has been an- 
 swered, hasn’t it? You are entitled to all privileges. We are ready for new 
 business. 
 
 By Mr. Core (of New York) : I have been requested by Mr. Falk — 
 and I don’t know whether it is the proper place or not — to enter a plea for 
 the Copyright League. Mr. Falk is president of the Copyright League, 
 and they are anxious to come in here with us. I don’t know whether you all 
 understand the benefit to come from the Copyright League. Personally, I 
 believe that the Copyright League ought to be a part of the National Asso- 
 ciation. In the first place we hear a great deal about selling pictures to the 
 newspapers and publications of all kinds. And it is a fact that they take 
 pictures and print them irrespective of any private right that you have, 
 and they are very seldom interfered with from the fact that there is none 
 that feels like buying a law suit. 
 
 Now the Copyright League has incorporated in their Constitution a 
 clause employing legal counsel. One dollar a year entitles you to member- 
 
 Page one hundred and nine 
 
ship in the Copyright League. One dollar entitles you to counsel of the 
 League, a man who has the entire handling of the Copyright. League legal 
 affairs, and from the fact that he has the entire handling of the Copyright 
 League would be very well posted on all sorts of procedure, and would be 
 able to determine very readily what sort of a case you have. They agree to 
 give you counsel— all that you need. They also agree to take your case 
 without trouble to you. If you run an automobile and you have liability in- 
 surance on the same, and you have an accident, why the insurance company 
 takes it all off your hands ; you just simply turn the matter over to the insur- 
 ance company. In this case, the Copyright League stands in the same place 
 as the insurance company. However, with this difference, whatever you 
 get, they take it on a contingent fee ; whatever recovery is had they get a 
 portion of it. It seems to me it is a very small outlay for such big returns. 
 
 I would also like to enter a plea — but for some reason the National has 
 refused or ignored the request of the Copyright League to come into the 
 National Association, or become a part of it ; or, in other words, to take 
 over the Copyright League. It seems to me that we are neglecting a chance 
 as a National Photographers’ Association to give to each man that comes 
 here something that is tangible. 
 
 Many of you come here at a great deal of expense, and you would like 
 to have something to take back to your wife, something that she can see. 
 She doesn’t see the things that made you grow. And every man that comes 
 to a photographers’ convention is very blind and very dull if he does 
 not grow some, but that growth is always slow and it is not noticeable to 
 his wife, although it is there just the same. That benefit is not one that 
 you are able to show the minute you get home, but if you have a material 
 benefit, such as it seems to me this Copyright League affords you, it is 
 tangible and it can be shown that you have accomplished something. I thank 
 you for the courtesy afforded me by the National Association. 
 
 By Mr. Harris: I move you that a committee, consisting of Ryland 
 W. Phillips, Will H. Towles and E. B. Core, take this matter up, for this 
 convention, with the Copyright League, and let them devise a plan before the 
 next meeting of the next Board of officers, and give the right to the Board 
 to accept or reject their proposition to make the Copyright League a part 
 of this Association; and they report to our next Board meeting. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): There is a resolution that can be 
 settled immediately in regard to paying the expenses of the Board. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : Here is the resolution: 
 
 Be it Resolved, That each officer be given railroad fare and $6.00 per 
 diem to cover all expenses while away from home on any business for the 
 Association. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I move the adoption of that part of 
 that resolution. 
 
 (Motion seconded.) 
 
 Page one hundred and ten 
 
By Me. Shhader (of Arkansas) : I wish to make an amendment. I 
 wish to make it $10.00 a day. A man cannot live on $6.00 a day when 
 traveling. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I just want to disagree with him, be- 
 cause he is mistaken. Any man, or any photographer, can live on $6.00 a 
 day, and 99 per cent, of them have done it all their lives. 
 
 By Treasurer Dozer: The object of this resolution is to reduce, if 
 possible, the officers’ expense account; and if you made that $10.00 a day, 
 you had better leave us the way we are going because the Association will 
 be worse off than now. 
 
 By Mr. Phillips (of Pennsylvania): I am very apt to want to put 
 words in. There is just one little slip there, and that is the w T ord “Pullman 
 fare.” I am thinking of when you have pretty long trips. 
 
 By' Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : We discussed that, and de- 
 cided if he was allowed $6.00 a day from the time he left home his expense 
 would not be any heavier on the Pullman than at a hotel. 
 
 By President Tyree: Mr. Towles, will you take the chair? 
 
 By' Mr. Tyree (of North Carolina) : I am going off of this Board and 
 I will soon be a past president. But I do object to that, and I want to 
 tell you if I was limited to $6.00 a day I don’t believe I would want to spend 
 money out of my owm pocket for the Association. I have never gone home 
 that I was not short seventy-five or a hundred dollars of my own money. I 
 expect to spend money enough to get along, and you cannot do it on $6.00 
 a day. I don’t want to be limited to $6.00. I have never seen an exorbitant 
 expense account, and I believe to-day you have got just as economical a 
 Board, considering the present time. There is not a man on that Board 
 that spends money for anything except for legitimate hotel bills. In order 
 to represent this Association it costs us two or three dollars a day for a 
 room. I don’t believe you have investigated this thing as you should. 
 There are times when w r e go into a town, in order to be properly represented, 
 your officers are compelled to stop at the best hotel. And oftentimes we are 
 called upon to take people to dinner, and we are compelled to do it, and we 
 extend that invitation to them because we are doing the work of the Asso- 
 ciation and have it to do. I believe in curtailing expenses all that we 
 possibly can, but at the same time this thing of limiting a man to $6.00 a 
 day is not right. 
 
 I just want to go on record as saying I object to a resolution of that 
 
 kind. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I moved the adoption of it. I have 
 not anything to say in answer to you. I appreciate what Mr. Tyree has 
 said. The Board is necessarily called upon sometimes to entertain. At 
 the same time I believe that a certain stated amount is better than an ex- 
 pense account left to the discretion of the man. If $6.00 is not enough, 
 why make it more. The idea at the present time was to put on some kind 
 of a limit. We get men of different dispositions on the Board. I believe 
 
 Page one hundred and eleven 
 
that a certain stated amount to cover expenses is better than a discretionary 
 expense account, which varies very largely with the temperament and the 
 disposition of the man. I really think that $6.00 is about a legitimate 
 amount — not to speak of the fact that entertainment is not legitimate, but 
 it is very often subject to abuse. Really, I haven’t very strong feelings on 
 this subject, and I cannot talk unless I am interested in it. But I do be- 
 lieve that a stated amount is better. 
 
 By President Tyree : Does any officer believe that he can really cover 
 his expenses at $6.00 while away from home? 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Here is your answer. He 
 can get a room for $3.00 a day. I am the kind of a fellow that cannot live 
 in a room without a bath. Many of you will not live in a room unless it 
 has a bath. That leaves $3.00 for meals. There is not a man in this room 
 that spends a dollar a day for breakfast, and there are lots of men that will 
 not spend a dollar a day for lunch. But lots of us will spend $2.00 for 
 dinner; so I would say if you do anything along that line, I would raise it 
 $1.00. It is not so much an argument of where to start— it would take up 
 all the rest of this afternoon, because we would all have our own ideas. 
 
 The expenses of this convention are more than they should be. It is 
 absolutely terrible. The last convention was the most expensive that was 
 ever pulled off. If we could appoint some kind of a committee, who know 
 what expenses mean, to go over these expense accounts and go into them, 
 that might be all right. I would like to find out why these expenses are 
 jumping all the time. I think a committee could bring in a report by next 
 year that would straighten us out. 
 
 You know the last four or five presidents — that includes me now — 
 have gone out and hired men to do work for this convention when they 
 could have made the men work who are on this Board. They did not do it. 
 Why — I don’t know. We have all been doing the same thing. I did it, too. 
 So I can point to the fellow who did it the worst. It seems to me if we 
 would get a good committee we might come to a basis where we could stop 
 this expense. 
 
 One more thing. You know our President can do almost anything. 
 There is, of course, a kind of a restraint, but not a good restraint, in the 
 Treasurer and the Secretary. Now when he spends the money, the other 
 two have to pay it. I don’t care, there is not a man in this Association who 
 will absolutely “butt” a friend of his into the chair. Some of our presi- 
 dents put bills through where it was an injustice to put those bills through 
 in that way. I remember distinctly one President who wired two men to 
 come on at the expense of the convention, both of them to do his personal 
 bidding, and that was all. 
 
 Now the point is that we want to get up some kind of a scheme of 
 financing so that one man cannot spend all of our money in one year. 
 
 I want it to go on record, right now, that I object to the amount of ex- 
 pense of our last convention, and the way the President spent our money. 
 
 Page one hundred and twelve 
 
It was the most expensive convention that we have ever pulled off, and it did 
 not need to be, and I object to it. And if I did not object to it, some other 
 man is going to get on this Board and spend more money than he did, not 
 only in that way, but in other ways. I don’t mean anything personal 
 against the last President at all in this particular thing, but I would like to 
 see three men that live close enough together, and who know what finances 
 mean, who can get down into an expense account and say what should be 
 eliminated, and what should not be done. And after that, it will not cost us 
 as much money as it has in the last five conventions. 
 
 I hope you will let it go until next year, and bring in a proposition 
 that will cover the whole finance scheme of this convention. 
 
 By Secretary Hoffman : This is a question that I am interested in 
 possibly as much, if not more, than any other one in the room, because my 
 future depends upon the future of the Association. When you get to 
 thinking of the finances of the Association it is really an alarming fact that 
 we pay so much money for the little amount we get. At the present time 
 we have $2500, drawing interest, and there is a loan out against that. So 
 you will see that we are really down to $2000. This is not a million-dollar 
 organization, and I think every step that can properly be taken toward the 
 reduction of expense should be taken. The resolution has been thought 
 over very carefully, and it has been figured out what a man can live on, and 
 $6.00, while it is conservative, will cover the expenses of a conservative 
 man. I believe it is in proportion, and I think it should be passed. 
 
 As far as curtailing the President in the expense of running the con- 
 vention, the most satisfactory way is to fix a budget at the beginning of the 
 year. The President shall have so much money to spend, and keep him 
 within that, and in that way you are protected all around. 
 
 By Mr. Core (of New York): This is a question of incorporating a 
 specified amount for a daily expense account, as I understand it. It is per- 
 haps not altogether complimentary to a man to say to him that he shall not 
 spend of the Association’s money any more than a small stipulated amount, 
 when he is doing work that, applied in almost any other field, would be worth 
 about three times that amount. That is one side. 
 
 On the other hand, if you place a specified amount, whoever the officer 
 is, no matter what the case might be, he is entitled to that much ; and I 
 know from my own experience that I never would think of entering an ex- 
 pense bill of what I actually spent at the time that I was President of the 
 National Association. It was not in my mind that I should do it. There 
 was not any specified amount that I was supposed to have. The conse- 
 quence was — perhaps I am a little too honest- — I felt that the service that 
 I rendered the Association was not worth more than just a few cents rail- 
 road fare. On the other hand, if the Constitution afforded me a certain 
 specified amount, there would be no reason why I should not take it. That 
 is the other side of this question. Some are perfectly willing to do a lot of 
 
 Page one hundred and thirteen 
 
work for nothing, and others may do it in a great deal more expensive way 
 than the former. 
 
 By Mr. Dozer (Treasurer) : I want to take an exception to a few of 
 the remarks made by Mr. Harris. In the first place, the last convention was 
 not the most expensive convention. The Philadelphia convention was more 
 expensive. Mr. Townsend, the President, was limited on the amount of 
 money that we allowed him to spend, and while he exceeded the expense 
 allowed him, the Board saw fit to allow those bills. 
 
 There are bills passed by the Secretary that are held up by the present 
 Treasurer. Because the President or Secretary, or any other officer of this 
 Association, decides to send in a bill that is not right, it is not assured that 
 he is going to get his money. There have been bills held up. 
 
 By President Tyree: Will you allow me to speak again, while I jump 
 on my friend Harris? Last year’s convention was not the most expensive, 
 and I don’t believe he wants to go on record as objecting to it. I think he 
 spoke rather hastily. 
 
 I am going to tell you a little something — you may not like it, It was 
 predicted that Tyree, with his expensive tastes, would bust this Association 
 this year. I am informed by the Treasurer that he thinks the expenses will 
 run $3000 less than last year, notwithstanding that prophecy. 
 
 Don’t limit a man on expenses. Put it up to him. Use the honor sys- 
 tem that we are using to-day. If you have to limit a man, why get some 
 one else, and I especially object to a resolution of this kind. I am sorry 
 it was ever brought before this Association. 
 
 Mr. Dozer is right, and is looking after the treasury. Bills have been 
 presented to the Treasurer, and he has refused to issue vouchers for them. 
 There is not a man who has the good of the Association at heart, but what 
 he certainly wants the Association to prosper, but he cannot do it without 
 that big vehicle “money.” 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I would like to just answer 
 these two questions put up to me. Of course, if you take into consideration 
 as convention expenses the trip to Atlantic City, that was the most ex- 
 pensive convention. I did not take that in as part of the convention ex- 
 penses. Was it not the largest outside of that one item? That is ex- 
 actly what I meant. 
 
 The second proposition is this: Mr. Tyree, under my plan, is to ap- 
 point a committee of three men close together— I mean an expense com- 
 mittee, whatever term they might be called, but within a circle that they can 
 meet often. I question whether you could get a committee within a far 
 radius to take in the situation of finances in such a way that it would be of 
 consequence. Unless you cover thoroughly this matter there is no use of 
 going into it. 
 
 I think we ought to put this resolution out of business, and get a com- 
 mittee to look into the finances of this convention. I think it will be a good 
 thing for us. It cannot do any harm. I think it ought to be done. I am 
 
 Page one hundred and fourteen 
 
fully in accord with the proposition of trying to put some fence around the 
 President. The Board is all right, but it is the President who is always 
 doing these things. 
 
 By President Tyree: It is unfortunate, but true, you talk about 
 your President. It doesn’t make any difference what the President of the 
 convention does, how hard he works, how much he does to make it a success ; 
 if that convention is not a success, Tyree is to blame. It doesn’t make any 
 difference who is to blame — it is laid on him personally. Yes, it is. Of 
 course, if it is a success all the officers of the Association and everybody 
 contributed to that success, but they don’t look at it that way. If it fails, 
 the President gets the blame. It is perfectly natural for the President to 
 secure the best talent even if it does cost money. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Whether I got in wrong with 
 the President or not, that doesn’t make any difference. I wasn’t going to 
 say it, but I will now. Last year the President had two men on this Board 
 that he did not work. He did not have them do anything, or if he did, they 
 didn’t do it. If the President last year asked two of the officers to do any- 
 thing they did not do it, and he only had three or four men to do their 
 work. I don’t think it is right for the Association to pay the expenses for 
 work that the Board should do themselves. They have two weeks at a con- 
 vention, and they go out and hire other people to do the work. The first 
 thing you know we are going to have a President who will go out and hire 
 the whole force and leave his whole Board to do nothing. I did not want to 
 say it, but I have said it, and I am going to stand by it. It is not right. 
 The Association expenses are climbing up, and I am beginning to wonder 
 how long we can stand for it. 
 
 Take our Board meetings, for instance. We used to do the Board work 
 in four days, and it is now taking eight to get done, because two or three 
 men cannot agree — and we pay the bills. I don’t believe it is right. I feel 
 that we must do something now to save us money. That is what I want. 
 We are expecting our new Secretary to save us money. That is who I am 
 trying to fight for. I want to see that man pull the Association together, 
 and spend the money where it belongs. In Philadelphia we had the same 
 trouble the year before. They were two or three days longer doing their 
 business up there. I see Ben Larrimer getting ready to answer me. There 
 is no reason why they should spend eight or ten days at it. I know that they 
 used to do it in four days, and now it is taking twice that long. Now there 
 are other men coming here and will be on this Board, and they will take that 
 precedent — that is what I am kicking about. 
 
 I don’t care how much money has been spent in the past, but if they 
 don’t stop it these members will be coming in in January and staying there 
 until the convention comes off. 
 
 By Mr. Dozer (Treasurer) : I want to say, in reply to Mr. Harris, 
 that I don’t believe that there is a member of this Executive Board who 
 wants to spend his time around with nothing to do, and nothing coming in. 
 
 Page one hundred and fifteen 
 
He has business at home. I feel that we spend no more time at our Board 
 meetings than is absolutely necessar}^. We all have business to look after 
 of our own. We go to the Board meetings and work and get through as 
 quickly as we can. 
 
 By President Tyree: In January, at the Atlanta Board meeting, we 
 attended a little banquet. That was over at 10.30, and we went back into 
 session and stayed there until 2 o’clock on Saturday night, and we were 
 working every night. After it was over, one member of the Board said: 
 “Tyree, I would not work that way again for any darned Association.” 
 We did not go to any entertainments, except a vaudeville show and the 
 banquet. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.): I think this resolution has 
 accomplished exactly what I wanted to accomplish. A few things have been 
 brought out that I wanted brought out, and I wanted the members of this 
 Congress to think along these lines in order to provide some safeguards. 
 The resolution is not the thing we want, but we have to start to thinking 
 along this line, and it will eventually result in some plan to throw safeguards 
 around this Association. I will withdraw the resolution, with the consent of 
 the second. 
 
 By' Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I will withdraw the motion to adopt 
 it, with the consent of the second. 
 
 (Consent given, and the meeting stood adjourned to meet again at 
 4 p. m. of the same day.) 
 
 Page one hundred and sixteen 
 
Thursday Afternoon Session, June 18, 1914 
 
 4.15 o’clock 
 
 Meeting called to order at 4.15, President Tyree in the chair. 
 
 By President Tyree: This is the last meeting of Congress, the last 
 session, and the Congress is now open for new business. 
 
 By Mr. Moore (of Ohio) : I have got a little matter here, and my rea- 
 son for bringing this subject up and talking about it is the fact that there is 
 a crew of home portrait people working in my home town, and it was called 
 to my attention a few weeks ago that the representatives of these people 
 would call upon a man to photograph him, and if the man was in the iron 
 business or steel business, they would give him a card, and on this card it 
 would read, “Special Representative of the Iron Age,” and the agent would 
 represent that he had been sent out there especially to take that firm’s pho- 
 tographs. If they approached a bank, they used a different card with the 
 name of some bank publication, and they used cards representing six or eight 
 or ten different trade publications, of each of which they had these cards. 
 They had cards printed for each one, and each and every man would be pre- 
 sented with a card from a trade publication that he would be interested in. I 
 inquired of the Iron Age people, and they stated that they had absolutely 
 nothing to do with these men, and they did not want to have anybody photo- 
 graphing people for them, because if a man was approached in this manner 
 and was photographed for them, and in the course of human events, if these 
 pictures were not published, he would be sore, and here is a resolution that 
 Mr. Edmonson and myself drew up : 
 
 Whereas, It has been the custom of some traveling photographers to 
 procure sittings of business men by wrongfully claiming to represent various 
 trade papers and magazines; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That the Congress of Photography here assembled do in- 
 struct the Secretary of the Photographers’ Association of America to in- 
 form the editors of the different trade papers and magazines of the schemes 
 practiced by unscrupulous photographers to procure business by using the 
 names of papers and magazines solely for the profit of said photographers, 
 by request of any member of the P. A. of A. ; he it further 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary inform the editors of the various trade 
 journals that he will furnish, by request, lists of photographers, members of 
 the Photographers’ Association of America, in any city or town in the 
 United States. 
 
 What I am trying to get at is to have the Photographers’ Association 
 write to these magazines telling them how their name is being used. If I 
 would write a personal letter to the editor of the magazine it would prob- 
 ably get thrown into the waste basket, but I think if our Secretary would 
 
 Page one hundred and seventeen 
 
write a letter calling attention to the fact that such things are being 
 done, they would recognize it quicker coming from the Association than 
 from me. If these people knew what was being done, I think they would 
 object to it. I know that the concern that was using the name of the Iron 
 Age a very few days afterward denied that they had anything to do with 
 the Iron Age, because they had been called down. 
 
 I move the adoption of the resolution. 
 
 (Seconded. Motion put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Doty (of Michigan) : I have just a little matter that I thought 
 perhaps was forgotten. It was planned to take up at this meeting the ques- 
 tion of the adoption of a permanent emblem. Has anything been done 
 along that line? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I move that a committee, consisting 
 of Will H. Towles, George W. Harris and Manly W. Tyree, be authorized 
 by this Congress to secure designs, competitive designs, for a permanent 
 emblem representing the P. A. of A. ; that they secure as many as they can 
 from the best concerns possible, and that they be further authorized to 
 adopt an emblem which shall be a permanent emblem of the Photographers’ 
 Association of America. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : We have now determined upon 
 a permanent Secretary. It seems to me that it is quite important that we 
 should have a permanent home for him. 
 
 By President Tyree: Mr. Schriever, we have gotten into the habit of 
 saying permanent Secretary. It is really General Secretary. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : After this meeting I will call 
 him a General Secretary. In selecting a home for a General Secretary, if you 
 please, it seems to me that the selection of the location of his home would be 
 of importance to this Association — it should stand for something. There is 
 one location that seems to me would be better than any other location in the 
 United States. It seems to me our national capitol w'ould add strength to 
 our organization, and he would know what was going on in the way of legis- 
 lation at the same time. 
 
 I move you that our General Secretary be permanently located at 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Ackerman (of New York City, not a delegate, but given per- 
 mission to address Congress) : It is needless to say, Mr. President and gen- 
 tlemen of the Congress, that the privilege of addressing the Association is 
 one which is esteemed, not only by those of the photographic fraternity, but 
 also by those who live upon the photographic fraternity, namely, the pho- 
 tographic publisher. 
 
 As long as we have the official headquarters now in Washington, D. C., 
 I Avould like to talk to you for a moment about some pending legislation 
 which I believe the Association should go on record as endorsing. That is, 
 
 Page one hundred and eighteen 
 
the Stevens bill, which is known throughout the country as the fair trade 
 bill, now before Congress. Many of you remember that in recent years 
 there have been decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States which 
 have taken from the manufacturers of products the right to fix the price at 
 which those products shall be sold. This has brought into trade conditions 
 in the country a problem which spells disaster for the legitimate, honest 
 manufacturers, who continue to deliver the goods. It opens the way for 
 price cutting, for department store practice, and mail order campaigns, 
 which deal through advertising campaigns, on large scopes, in unsatisfac- 
 tory goods which do not measure up to the standard required in our business. 
 
 The Stevens bill was drawn by Louis Brandeis, who was known all over 
 the country as the people’s lawyer, for the protection of the people. We 
 are just as much interested in pure photographic goods and standard prices 
 on these goods as is the druggist, the grocer, jeweler or hardware man, and 
 I believe that we should go on record as endorsing this measure, because it 
 has been endorsed by every association of standard and character in the 
 country which has held conventions so far this year. 
 
 One thing that I want to talk to you in connection with this is the price 
 that we should get on the goods that we manufacture. Every photographer 
 is a manufacturer. He takes the raw material and transforms it into the 
 finished product. The cost of production of goods is continually increas- 
 ing the cost of doing business, the overhead charges are increased — and the 
 charges that the photographers are making to the public to-day are not in 
 keeping or keeping pace with the advance in the cost of production, or in 
 pace with the cost of doing business in other lines. 
 
 You take the work that you are doing to-day — you look at } r our exhi- 
 bition upon the walls here to-day, and you will find that the work that you 
 have to put upon the photograph itself is greater than you ever had before. 
 You have heard of the “automobile face” and the “bicycle face,” and now 
 you have to wrestle with the “tango face” — and to take pictures of the 
 American type of “tango face” is one thing which renders your work more 
 difficult than ever before. The strained expressions of the men. The al- 
 most frozen smile of the women, make for the photographers a harder job 
 than he ever had, all of which should make it necessary for you to 
 raise prices to keep pace with the competition of the other industries. I 
 want to do this — I want to introduce a resolution : 
 
 Be it Resolved, By the Congress of Photography of the Photographers’ 
 Association of America in convention assembled, that we do hereby endorse 
 the provisions of the Stevens bill, for the maintenance of fair price and the 
 upbuilding of the retail business men of the country. 
 
 I want to read from the provisions of this bill, and then I would like to 
 hear from Mr. Harris. 
 
 (Mr. Ackerman then reads from the New York Times, of June 16th, 
 the following:) 
 
 Page one hundred and nineteen 
 
“Unfair competition in commerce is hereby declared unlawful. The 
 commission is hereby empowered and directed to prevent corporations from 
 using unfair methods of competition in commerce. Whenever the commis- 
 sion shall have reason to believe that any corporation has been or is using 
 any unfair method of competition in commerce it shall issue and serve upon 
 such corporation a written order at least thirty days in advance of the time 
 set therein for hearing, directing it to appear before the commission and 
 show cause why an order shall not be issued by the commission restraining 
 and prohibiting it from using such method of competition, and if upon such 
 hearing the commission shall find that the method of competition in ques- 
 tion is prohibited by this act it shall thereupon issue an order restraining 
 and prohibiting the use of the same.” 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : There was quite an uproar 
 raised in the House over this particular bill. Now I cannot pull out of my 
 memory what it was about. I don’t follow those things very closely. I am 
 not interested in them, and there are so many bills there. I distinctly re- 
 member it being discussed in the Literary Digest, but I cannot call to mind 
 what it was. 
 
 I don’t think it is fair— I don’t like to say it this way, but I don’t think 
 it is the thing for this Congress to go on record endorsing any bill until 
 every one of us knows exactly what the bill is about. The mere fact that 
 any one of us brings something up here and asks all of us to endorse some- 
 thing w e have no means of knowing about, I don’t think it is the thing to do. 
 If it is done, a precedent is established, and any motion can be passed. I 
 w r ish you had not called on me. 
 
 By Mr. Ackerman (of New York, not a delegate): The resolution 
 that I introduced has been withdrawn, and the resolution which we are now 
 considering is this: That the Congress go on record as endorsing the move- 
 ment for legislation leading to fair trade conditions. We can stand for 
 honesty in business. Certainly this Association is big enough and strong 
 enough to endorse a great national movement looking for the uplift of the 
 country and a grow th along legitimate lines. 
 
 I move the adoption of the resolution that was introduced in place of 
 the original resolution. 
 
 By Mr. Laii rimer (of Indiana) : Mr. Chairman, I move that the reso- 
 lution which has been reduced from the concrete to the abstract by Mr. 
 Ackerman, and which I understand to be that this Congress go on record as 
 endorsing a national movement desiring fair practices in trade getting — as 
 placed in the abstract it cannot possibly do us any harm, and I move its 
 adoption. I would object to the other for the same reasons that have al- 
 ready been raised. At the last session of Congress it would be impossible 
 for the members to give an intelligent vote on a specific bill, which has much 
 good, together with something that might not be so good. I believe the 
 movement is good. I am always for anything that points to the light, and 
 in the abstract way it is presented I think it does point to the light. 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty 
 
I realize that Mr. Ackerman cannot really introduce the resolution, 
 and I would be glad to move that this resolution be adopted, and I don’t 
 believe it could do us any harm. 
 
 (Motion seconded and put.) 
 
 By Mr. Doty (of Michigan) : I want to go on record as objecting to 
 the adoption of this resolution, because it points directly toward making it 
 harder for the consumer of goods. As I understand the Stevens bill, which 
 I have given some attention, it is an attempt to legalize in business that 
 which has been thrown out by the courts under the Sherman anti-trust law. 
 That is my belief. And I give it as such. 
 
 I object very seriously to the Congress acting on this, as we have not 
 proper knowledge of what we are passing. 
 
 (Motion carried.) 
 
 By Mr. Ackerman (of New York, not a delegate) : The Photogra- 
 phic Publishers’ Association of America, at their meeting, held in conjunc- 
 tion with this convention, transmit a resolution passed by them, thanking the 
 Association for the courtesies extended to its members and tendering to the 
 Association a continuation of the earnest efforts of the members toward the 
 uplift and upbuilding of the National Association work. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C. ) : Mr. President, we have a 
 special order of business of changing the by-laws as follows : 
 
 “Article V, Section 1. Active members: Annual dues, $2.00. No in- 
 itiation fee. Section 2. Associate members : Annual dues, $2.00.” 
 
 And attached to it is also the following resolution : 
 
 Resolved, That the Executive Board be and are hereby authorized to 
 charge the sum of two ($2.00) dollars for button and convention privileges. 
 
 Mr. President, I move that this be done. 
 
 (Motion seconded, put and carried.) 
 
 By Secretary Hoffman: I would like to ask if it is the intention or 
 the desire of this Congress that this two-dollar membership shall include the 
 subscription to the Association News, and not to charge fifty cents additional 
 for that? 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): That was the understanding of the 
 Legislative Committee, to put the Association News in Math it. 
 
 By Mr. Redman (of Ohio) : You have to charge fifty cents to get into 
 the second-class rate. They agreed to appropriate fifty cents from the 
 membership in order to cover the subscription. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : I outlined yesterday, I think 
 it was, a little plan that I had thought out, which I believe would be of great 
 benefit to the Association, not only to the National Association, but to 
 every association, and every photographer connected with the Association, 
 and you requested me to put it into a resolution. I have done so: 
 
 “Since this Congress is the national legislative body composed of rep- 
 resentatives from the various States, and since the present system of hold- 
 ing State conventions necessitates the useless expenditure of thousands of 
 
 Page one hundred and, twenty-one 
 
dollars every year on the part of the manufacturers and makes less effective 
 our organization; be it 
 
 “ Resolved , That the Secretary be instructed to communicate with the 
 various State Associations to secure their co-operation in redistricting the 
 United States into eight sections, in each of which shall be a photographic 
 organization, the membership of which shall consist of the photographers of 
 each respective section ; be it also 
 
 “ Resolved , That the National Board be authorized to name the dates 
 for the various State conventions and be instructed to solicit the support 
 of the manufacturers in putting these provisions into operation; be it also 
 
 “ Resolved , That the National Board arrange for a uniform system of 
 rating the pictures for the different exhibits, by providing a jury, which shall 
 grade all the exhibits during the year, for which service each organization 
 shall contribute a sum sufficient to cover all expenses of this jury in grading 
 their exhibits.” 
 
 Now the object of this resolution is to eliminate some of the small 
 State conventions. As I understand it, we have had State conventions this 
 year with as many as thirteen photographers present on the opening day. 
 The home paper came out with the headline, “Home Photographers in the 
 Minority.” There were more exhibitors than photographers. That is an 
 injustice. 
 
 I believe if we can get the consent of these societies to redistrict the 
 country, it will strengthen us and enable us to do bigger and better things. 
 We will have closer co-operation. These State societies meeting as often 
 as they do are a terrible drain on the manufacturers, their dates conflict, 
 and it works a hardship all around. I believe if we can put a thing of this 
 kind through it will be of great benefit. We may be able to do great things 
 for the photographers. 
 
 By Mr. Hoffman (Secretary) : And right along that line, I might say 
 that several of the manufacturers mentioned this to me, when I first took up 
 the work, and suggested that I write the different manufacturers about it. 
 I wrote to forty manufacturers, and received thirty-two replies, and every 
 one was in favor of having the National control the dates of these different 
 State Associations, because the receipts did not bring them a proportionate 
 return. 
 
 By Mr. Abel (of Ohio, not a delegate, but given permission to address 
 Congress) : Mr. Chairman and delegates of the Congress, you will remem- 
 ber that I brought that up at Kansas City about eliminating a number of 
 the conventions throughout the country. I told you at that time that if the 
 National Association adopted the plan that the manufacturers would back 
 you up, but the Congress, at that time, felt strongly against stating to a 
 State Association, you shall not hold a convention unless we say so. 
 
 I want to tell you now, that the manufacturers will all back you up by 
 remaining away from these conventions to which you do not give your 
 “O. K.” I can speak for several of them, and I believe the rest, clear down 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-two 
 
the line, will promise as much, if the National Association will take the 
 initiative. We will promise not to go to a convention unless your Associa- 
 tion says we can. We will assist you in that way. I tell you right now, that 
 if you will take such action, the manufacturers will back you up. If you will 
 pass a resolution to the effect that you will control the conventions of the 
 various States, if any do not come into line we will withdraw our support, 
 and that means that the convention cannot be held. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I heartily endorse what Mr. Abel has 
 said. In going back a year or two more than he, I thought up a scheme of 
 my own, and that was that all subordinate associations, either by States or 
 sections, should only operate under a charter granted by the Photographers’ 
 Association of America. They may be brought about in time, and I think 
 it will be the ultimate disposition to make of this question. And taking my 
 usual position as an optimist, I believe this is a good thing. I move that we 
 adopt this resolution as read. 
 
 (Motion seconded and put.) 
 
 By Mr. Redman (of Ohio) : There is only one point I would like to 
 bring up for consideration, which is a small one, but evidently would be 
 rather a large one. That is, as I understand it there will be eight conven- 
 tions and the one of the National would be nine. 
 
 By Mr. Tow'les (of Washington, D. C.) : The year the National meets 
 in any particular section that section would suspend their meeting, so it 
 would make eight all told. 
 
 By Mr. Redman (of Ohio) : The point is you mention a permanent set 
 of judges. Now then what occurs to me, could you get competent judges, 
 men whom we would recognize? Men who have the ability to judge profes- 
 sional work? I don’t believe you could. I question whether you could get 
 three competent men, or the number of judges you have, to give that much 
 attention to the judging of pictures away from their business. That is 
 what occurs to me and I would like to have it considered. 
 
 By Mr. Moore (of Ohio) : This last clause in this thing I don’t think 
 is fair. This motion states that they would be a permanent set of judges 
 for eight weeks. How are you going to pay them? 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : Each section will donate 
 their expenses. The object in having a permanent set of judges is to reach 
 a standard in photography, which is impossible, but the nearest we can get 
 to it would be to get a standard according to three men’s understanding. 
 If these men judge the entire exhibits for the country for one year, you 
 could get a standard for that year; if they serve three years or five years it 
 is better, and that is possible. Nothing is impossible you know. You 
 would then be able to get nearer to an understanding. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : The trouble in picture mak- 
 ing is that it changes with the individual looking at it. The picture is just 
 as good as the man thinks it is who is looking at it. There is no standard to 
 measure it by. 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-three 
 
By Mr. Holsinger (of Virginia) : Wouldn’t your standard change 
 every time you changed your judges? 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : Certainly; we want to do 
 something that will mean something to the photographers. We don’t know 
 now how our pictures are going to be rated, because we have no standard. 
 These three men could give us some idea of what three men would recognize 
 as a standard. If we can get three good men on that jury, I believe we can 
 accomplish something. You take three men to judge pictures to-day, and 
 turn around and take three to-morrow, and you have a difference right 
 away. 
 
 By President Tyree: I want to tell you something. Do you know 
 how effective this is going to be? Mr. Abel says that the manufacturers 
 will give us a signed statement that they will support the National Associa- 
 tion in naming the dates of these different State conventions. In that case 
 we can name and they must abide by us, or they will not receive the support 
 of the manufacturers. 
 
 “ Be it Resolved, That the Secretary be instructed to communicate with 
 the various State Associations to secure their co-operation in redistricting 
 the United States into eight sections, in each of which shall be a photo- 
 graphic organization, the membership of which shall consist of the photogra- 
 phers of each respective section.” 
 
 You are passing something that doesn’t mean anything. If you are 
 going to do something, let’s take the “bull by the horns.” If you are going 
 to do something, let’s do it. For heaven’s sake don’t play with something 
 that don’t amount to anything. 
 
 By Mr. Core (of New York) : In listening to these talks I happen to 
 know something about what the support of the manufacturers means. I 
 think it is a pretty well known thing that the convention proposition to the 
 manufacturer is quite a burden. I think he would welcome anything that 
 would get rid of some of that burden. We, in New York, never had to aslv 
 the manufacturer for one dollar to carry on our convention. The only 
 thing that sticks in my craw is that we could not have earned on our con- 
 vention in the way it was without the aid of the manufacturer, whom we 
 really turned out of our Association. This thing w T ould not be effective, ex- 
 cept that it is impossible for many States to hold a convention at all with- 
 out the aid of the manufacturer, and I think it looks like a good move in 
 the right direction. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina) : For a long time it seems to me 
 that our small State Associations have not accomplished anything. It 
 seems to me that it would accomplish very much if we could get an organiza- 
 tion for effective work under organized lines. I think Mr. Towles’ move is 
 a good one. Take my own section, for instance. Our State society has not 
 done very much the past few years. But suppose all of us had a southeast- 
 ern association when the National was meeting at a distance and a lot of 
 fellows could not afford to go that far, but they could get to some central 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-four 
 
point in that section. And the manufacturers would be glad to support it. 
 1 know it must be a burden to the manufacturers to come to us at great 
 expense, and I personally have been ashamed to ask them, because I knew it 
 was not worth their while to do it. Let us do something that will make it 
 worth their while, and let us work together in a unit and get results, and 
 make it worth while in every section that we can possibly get together. 
 
 By Mr. Medlar (of Illinois) : I think that is a mighty good thing. In 
 my personal experience in the working of the Association of Iowa, the last 
 four or five years it has been like pulling teeth. I believe if we could join 
 with Illinois, Indiana and possibly Ohio and Michigan, we would get a lot of 
 these fellows in our State that will not pay any attention to a State asso- 
 ciation. I think it is a fine move. 
 
 By President Tyree: The Secretary has just brought in some letters 
 endorsing this movement. And it seems that he has received replies from 
 thirty-two manufacturers. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania): We have thought a whole long 
 time of doing something for the manufacturer, but you have overlooked the 
 fact that if you divide up the sections of the country into eight sections, you 
 are not only helping the manufacturers, but you are helping yourselves, for 
 the reason if you have four or five States joined together, your membership 
 will bring you in more revenue with which you can entertain and furnish 
 instruction for your Association. It is our intention in the State of Penn- 
 sylvania to build up our membership in order to supply more talent. If 
 you have 500 members in your Association you will have a great deal more 
 money than you will have with 100 members with which to transact busi- 
 ness. The trouble has been in our Association that we have not had rev- 
 enue enough. We have some fine ideas, but we lack the revenue, and I don’t 
 believe in taxing the manufacturers to death. I believe that the members 
 should contribute enough to finance your Association. Therefore, this move 
 is one of the best that I have heard. In fact, we expect to invite other 
 States to our State, and there is an invitation extended now to two other 
 States to join us, for the reason that we wish to increase our membership 
 to 1000. That will increase our revenue, and the more money we get from 
 the members, the more we can do for the members, and I am in favor of this 
 resolution, and I think it is a good move. 
 
 By President Tyree: I am very glad indeed to hear from Mr. 
 Schriever. I wanted to hear what he would say. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.) : Mr. Chairman, I did not 
 think it wise to put a clause in this resolution that would make it absolutely 
 iron clad. The idea was suggested to see just how r these States felt about it. 
 I don’t want to bring in anything that would look as if we were going to put 
 these State societies out of existence. It would be a mistake to do that, un- 
 less w r e provided a remedy for it. We could not very well have the co-opera- 
 tion of the members, unless we provided some remedy and some means to take 
 care of them, and I think it would be absolutely practical for this Associa- 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-five 
 
tion to incorporate this plan, and then when we have the co-operation of 
 the manufacturers and we have outlined our plan, we can say to each State 
 that you must have a membership in this section, and in that way you will 
 build up a stronger organization. The photographers don’t go to the State 
 societies because they have nothing to give them. 
 
 I remember in Pennsylvania, when we met in Harrisburg, a year ago, a 
 man came over from Baltimore to attend, and they wanted five dollars. He 
 said, “You have not got five dollars’ worth to give me,” and he went home 
 again, and I don’t blame him. They did not have it to give him. Just as 
 soon as you get a sufficient membership you can do big things, you can get 
 big results. 
 
 By Mr. Elliott (of Texas) : I am heartily in favor of this movement. 
 I think it ought to be fixed up with the clause to do what we are going to do, 
 and do it right now. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): My speech is all shot to pieces now, 
 but I am not in favor of the clause. I think the resolution as it stands is 
 radical ; and you have not any right to destroy work that is being done, and 
 conventions that are already arranged for this year. I object to the clause, 
 and I believe you had better coax them instead of trying to kill them. We 
 have a good many conventions that are already decided on for this year that 
 a clause would knock out. I believe that is just about the way it ought to 
 be, and I believe it is plenty strong enough. I don’t think you want to go 
 at it with a club, but correspond with the officers of the State Associations. 
 They know that they are poor. They are doing their best. A few fellows in 
 each one are working their heads off and trying to make things go. I strenu- 
 ously object to putting any more clauses in the resolution. It is the right 
 thing and leading toward the light. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D, C.): I have just heard from the 
 manufacturers, and they suggest that we do the coaxing act first. So let’s 
 try coaxing first. 
 
 By President Tyree: I didn’t for one moment mean to state that the 
 the Association should destroy this year’s conventions. Did I make any re- 
 marks of such a nature? I didn’t mean any such a thing. I simply say this 
 is absolutely harmless the way it is. The same thing will be brought up five 
 years from now. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : No, it will not. Let me read 
 part of this to you : 
 
 “ Be it Resolved , That the Secretary be instructed to communicate with 
 the various State Associations to secure their co-operation in redistricting 
 the United States into eight sections, in each of which shall be a photo- 
 graphic organization, the membership of which shall consist of the photog- 
 raphers of each respective section ; be it also 
 
 “ Resolved , That the National Board be authorized to name the dates 
 for the various State conventions and be instructed to solicit the support of 
 the manufacturers in putting these provisions into operation.” 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-six 
 
N ow this can be divided into two parts and what I have read is one 
 part. Why not pass that, and give the Secretary the right to use these 
 letters that we have in his correspondence witli the State Associations as he 
 sees fit. It will give us something we are absolutely sure of. That will give 
 the Secretary until next year to get these State societies in line, and that 
 is all we can do. We will work a whole lot of them in this way, and later we 
 can drive the rest of them in, one way or the other. Let us give the Secre- 
 tary a year to see what he can do with them ; let us try the matter out first. 
 If the person who made the original motion would accept it, I would suggest 
 that we adopt just what I read first. 
 
 I move an amendment, that the first two sections be adopted. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I will accept the amendment. 
 
 (Amended motion put and carried.) 
 
 By President Tyree: It is adopted up to that point. 
 
 By Mr. Elliott (of Texas) : May I have just a moment to put myself 
 on record. I just wanted to make this statement as endorsing this as it 
 stands. This question came up of redistricting in our State society and in- 
 viting the other societies around us, and I have used every influence I could 
 to oppose it because I thought the time was not ripe. Now that we have 
 authority back of us to build up the Association, I am in favor of it. I want 
 that to go into the record, so I can go back with a respectable explanation 
 of why I changed my mind. 
 
 By President Tyree: Now we will take up the next section. 
 
 By Mr. Towles (of Washington, D. C.): I will withdraw that. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana) : I will withdraw my second. 
 
 By President Tyree : Congress is ready for new business. 
 
 By Secretary Hoffman: I would like to ask for a little more infor- 
 mation. You have just passed a resolution providing for membership in 
 the Association for $2.00 a year, and it was my intention to go out after 
 the new members immediately after this convention is over with. Now, 
 as I understand it, this clause of the Constitution will not take effect until 
 the first of next year, but I cannot go out and get new members to pay 
 their $2.00 and pay them for 1915. 
 
 You are starting out on a campaign for new members — 5000 mem- 
 bers. I believe under this system that in two years’ time on this basis that 
 we will have 5000 members. I would like to ask permission of this Congress 
 to go out on a membership campaign immediately after this convention, per- 
 mitting these men to join by paying $2.00 for 1915. We will send them 
 their membership certificates for 1915 at once, and then they can put them up 
 in their studios and be up-to-date. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : I think the Secretary could 
 give an order on the Treasurer that these memberships are to be applied on 
 next year. 
 
 While we are talking about that, Mr. President, Mr. Schriever and I 
 were talking on the train coming down here, and he made a suggestion that 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-seven 
 
he thought we had the wrong time of year in closing up our fiscal year. He 
 thinks we ought to close our year up within two months after the conven- 
 tion. That is not a good thing to bring up now, but it is a good thing to 
 get into the minutes, so when the members of the Association are reading 
 these minutes they can think about it. It would mean that the new officers 
 could get to work quicker. Perhaps the time should be two months after 
 the convention, and maybe it should be put at a date. Say we have our 
 convention in July, then change officers say the 1st of October. 
 
 I just make the suggestion now, so when we are reading the minutes it 
 will come to our minds again, and let’s put a little thought on that. 
 
 By Mr. Schriever (of Pennsylvania) : As Mr. Harris says, we talked 
 over that coming down on the train. It has occurred to me many times, 
 and most especially this. You generally hold your convention in July. It 
 doesn’t give the new officers time to prepare their campaign, and the result 
 is they have to crowd everything into a short time. They should have at 
 least nine months. I understand that the newly elected officers are laying 
 their plans, but they cannot take hold of the wheel and give it a good push. 
 I believe three months after the close of the convention, at the latest, is the 
 most suitable time to close up the affairs of that convention. 
 
 By President Tyree: Is there any unfinished business? 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina) : It strikes me just no^, in 
 thinking over the proposition of redistricting the country, in order to get 
 started, you have got to start off in a concrete way. How are you going to 
 start that off? In other words, organization is necessary to start off with. 
 It strikes me if the President of the Association were allowed to appoint in 
 that district the officers for their first meeting it would help matters, and 
 then let them elect their own set of officers after that. 
 
 By President Tyree: You mean to form a temporary organization. 
 
 By Mr. Holliday (of North Carolina): Yes; it seems to me that is 
 the way to get it started. 
 
 By President Tyree: I thought I was optimistic, but I am not as 
 optimistic as Congress. I have not got the new slant on this. 
 
 By Mr. Harris (of Washington, D. C.) : Let us leave that up to the 
 Secretary. Let him figure that out. 
 
 By President Tyree : I have got to appoint a committee on resolu- 
 tions, and I want to name Mr. Core, of New York, and Mr. Thuss, of Nash- 
 ville, Tenn., and Mr. Abel. 
 
 By Mr. Core (of New York): Mr. President, it is generally under- 
 stood that I have retired, and I would like to still be retired, and will ask 
 you to excuse me. 
 
 By President Tyree: You must get the new slant. I will appoint 
 Mr. Beach, Mr. Thuss and Mr. Abel. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): I hold in my hand a communication 
 addressed to the Congress of Photography from W. E. Brooks, of Okla- 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-eight 
 
homa. It is rather voluminous and I suggest that this communication re- 
 ceive no attention from this body, but if there is no objection I would be 
 glad to read some po-et-ry that is on the back of it. 
 
 A perfectly beautiful yet sad “Pome,” written for Decoration Day, 
 by the Pessimist and Grouch of Shawnee, Okla. , W. E. Brooks, entitled 
 
 “THE DEAD PHOTO GRAPHER.” 
 
 The happy summer days have come, the saddest of the year; 
 
 The photo-grapher’s awful glum because these days are here. 
 
 The Eastman Kodak Kompanee, with Ansco close behind. 
 
 Have got the “goat” — likewise goat-ee — of him and all his kind. 
 
 No more he flings the “funny stuff” nor smiles that sunny smile, 
 
 Kodak has peeled him quite enough to hold him for awhile; 
 
 The halting step — the drooping head — the fringes on his pants — 
 
 Proclaim the man with soul as dead as Julius Caesar’s aunts. 
 
 He scarce can raise a final squawk in plaintive pleasantree; 
 
 The dodo and the giant auk are not more dead than he. 
 
 So now you Koming Kodak Kids, with firm and deadly tread, 
 
 Just dip the flag and lift your lids to our heroic dead. 
 
 Just wave it wide, but do not hide, the tears you do (not) shed 
 That all these photo-graphers died to give you room to spread; 
 
 Just wipe your nose and lay a rose upon the unmarked stone 
 Where Art and Patience now repose forgotten and alone. 
 
 If you would speak a word of praise for those “who blazed the way,” 
 A shaft of ruddy granite raise and carve it thus I pray: 
 
 “Hie Jacet, Johnny — surname Doe — a photographer true.” 
 
 He used to take the cake, you know. Now he is dough all through. 
 
 His throbbing heart would pant for Art, regardless of finance; 
 
 That’s why he wore ’till he was sore those fringes on his pants. 
 
 His patient hands would kindly set the Kodak kids aright; 
 
 They stole his job, and have it yet — he’s dead enough all right. 
 
 They got his goat, that’s all, and then they busted up his show. 
 
 Now he has gone where honest men and photo-graphers go. 
 
 But when the harps are handed out (a crown upon his brow), 
 
 Dear John will smile again and shout, “Wish ma could see me now.” 
 
 Now you have my little po-em, in the which I try to show-’em 
 How the Kodak people throw-’em in the discard at their need; 
 
 Just a sil-lu lit-tle fic-tion, that does not induce con-vic-tion, 
 
 Is in fact, a sad in-flic-tion on the read-er who must read. 
 
 But dear brother, wait a minute. There’s a cud worth chewing in; 
 
 We have got to “go agin it ” — now don’t lay this on the shelf. 
 
 If your business is worth saving, if you’re tired of daily slaving, 
 
 If you have an honest craving for a profit for yourself. 
 
 Cut this monkey doodle hurrah over wild Chiaroscuro 
 Of the Camera Obscura, and the soft and fuzzy Phiz. 
 
 Get a line on stockhouse dealers and the corner drugstore peelers 
 And their backers and their heelers, and get down to talking biz. 
 
 Page one hundred and twenty-nine 
 
By President Tyree: I want to say to you that this will be the last 
 time probably that I will ever address you as your chairman ; and I want to 
 thank you for your close attention and close application to your duties. 
 Even the first of the week, when it was so hot, the delegates were true to 
 their obligations and attended these meetings. While I will never be your 
 chairman again, I certainly do hope that I will be a member of this honor- 
 able body next year, and shall be along by the side of my good friends Ben 
 Larrimer, Pop Core, George Harris, and the rest of these P. P.’s. 
 
 By Mr. Larrimer (of Indiana): Will Towles, Vice-President, on 
 behalf of the members of this Congress of Photography, I move you that we 
 extend to our President a rising vote of thanks for the fair and impartial 
 manner in which he has conducted these meetings. 
 
 (Rising vote of thanks extended the President unanimously.) 
 
 (And thereupon, there being no further business to come before Con- 
 gress, it stood adjourned sine die.) 
 
 Page one hundred cmd thirty 
 
Summary of Treasurer 
 for 1914 
 
 Cash on hand, January 1, 1913. . . . 
 Received from memberships and dues 
 Received from sale of ladies’ pins. . 
 Received from advertising in Annual 
 Received from sale of floor space. . . 
 Received from interest 
 
 . $4,379.00 
 58.00 
 . 1,420.00 
 . 4,970.75 
 . 120.00 
 
 Received from sale of extra copies of 
 Annual 
 
 15.00 
 
 Expenditures. 
 
 Paid out on vouchers Nos. 1249 to 1372, inclu- 
 sive, as per Secretary’s Report 
 
 Cash on hand, January 10, 1914 
 
 s Report 
 
 $5,461.75 
 
 10,962.75 
 
 $16,424.50 
 
 $10,913.92 
 
 5,510.58 
 
 $16,424.50 
 
 L. A. Dozer, 
 
 Treasurer. 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-one 
 
The Women’s Federation 
 
Report of the Women’s Federation 
 of the P. A. of A. 
 
 Atlanta, Ga., June 15 to 20, 1914 
 
 On the call of the President, Miss Pearl Grace Loehr, of New York, a 
 meeting of the Executive Board was held in the rest room of the Convention 
 Hall, Atlanta, Ga., Wednesday, June 17, 1914. 
 
 The meeting was called to order at 10.30 a. m. 
 
 The Committees on Nominations and Resolutions were appointed as 
 follows : 
 
 Nominations . — Emme Gerhard, St. Louis, Mo. ; Mrs. M. E. Gillam, 
 Morgantown, N. C. ; Miss G. I. Launey, Savannah, Ga. ; Miss Harriet Oonk, 
 Cincinnati, Ohio; Miss Adelaide Mead, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Resolutions. — Mrs. H. F. Bernhardt, Spartanburg, S. C. ; Miss Maude 
 Goodlander, Muncie, Ind. ; Miss Lotta Mead, Atlanta, Ga. ; Mrs. Bayard 
 Wootten, Newbern, N. C. ; Miss Clara Louise Hagins, Chicago, 111. 
 
 The meeting adjourned until Friday, June 19, 1914. 
 
 On Tuesday, at 1.30, the visiting ladies were entertained by automo- 
 bile rides to Brookhaven Club, where a luncheon was served. Every one 
 was delighted with this entertainment, which was given with the compliments 
 of the manufacturers, dealers and local photographers. 
 
 On Wednesday, June 17th, there was a great barbecue for all attend- 
 ing the convention. This entertainment was unique, being a southern form 
 of amusement. It was enjoyed thoroughly by every one. 
 
 A big feature of the Women’s Federation was the engagement of Miss 
 Kate Cameron Simmons, of New York. 
 
 Miss Simmons is wonderfully versed in the principles of art, and her 
 lectures were well attended and most instructive. It is to be regretted that 
 owing to an over-crowded program one of Miss Simmons’ lectures had to be 
 omitted. 
 
 The P. A. of A. is to be congratulated on the wonderful scope they 
 covered. Every possible side of photography was taken up and the lectures 
 placed in the hands of the best talent. 
 
 The City of Atlanta did all in its power to entertain us, and the com- 
 mittees certainly “knew how.” The special entertainment and ball at At- 
 lanta Club Roof was charming in every way, and much credit is due the 
 committee. 
 
 For the accommodation of all, the Women’s Federation engaged a 
 famous southern cook to provide luncheon daily at Convention Hall. This 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-three 
 
was installed on a commission basis. Owing to the several luncheons pro- 
 vided by the Entertainment Committee the returns were small, but we feel 
 the accommodation was great, and we are glad we made the effort. 
 
 We feel that the judging of the prints was most instructive to the indi- 
 vidual and think the effect will be the improvement of future exhibits. 
 
 The manufacturers’ exhibits were wonderfully interesting as well as in- 
 structive. On the whole we feel that the convention was a decided success 
 and we congratulate the officers of the P. A. of A. 
 
 Friday afternoon and evening, June 19th, the exhibition of photo- 
 graphs was open to the public. Invitations having been sent to the general 
 public by the local committee and the women’s clubs of Atlanta by the 
 Women’s Federation. 
 
 Prior to the opening of the convention, the Carnegie Library placed on 
 its walls a loan exhibit gathered by the Women’s Federation, to stimulate in- 
 terest in the national convention. 
 
 Friday, June 19th, there was a business meeting of the Women’s Fed- 
 eration. 
 
 The meeting was called to order by the President, Miss Pearl Grace 
 Loehr, of New York, at 9.30 A. M. 
 
 Communications were read from Miss Hallie Elizabeth Wilson, chair- 
 man of Section 1 ; Miss Belle Johnson and from our past President, Miss 
 Katherine Jamieson, of Pittsburgh, Pa., expressing the deep regret they felt 
 at being unavoidably absent from the convention this year. 
 
 The Secretary-Treasurer, Sara F. T. Price, of Philadelphia, then read 
 the minutes of the last session at Kansas City, 1913. 
 
 Moved by Mary Carncll and seconded by Mrs. Ethel Standiford that 
 minutes be accepted as read. 
 
 The President then called for the report of the various officers for 
 1914. 
 
 From the offices of the President, Y r ice-President, Secretary-Treasurer 
 and several section chairmen, the reports were read and accepted, being 
 chiefly the financial reports. 
 
 UNFINISHED BUSINESS. 
 
 At the meeting in 1913, a motion was put that a clause be inserted in 
 the By-Laws covering life and honorary membership in the Women’s Fed- 
 eration, and this motion was seconded by Miss Carlstead. Under Article 7 
 of the Constitution this motion was laid on the table until the business 
 meeting, 1914. 
 
 On motion of Mary Carncll, of Pennsylvania, seconded by Pearl Talia- 
 ferro, of Mississippi, that a committee be appointed by the President to con- 
 sider the matter of changing the By-Laws to conform to any change that 
 might come up in the national platform. 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-four 
 
The President appointed the following committee: 
 
 Mary Carnell, Philadelphia, Pa,; Katherine Jamieson, Pittsburgh, Pa.; 
 Bayard Wootten, Newbern, N. C. 
 
 Mrs. Elliott, of Texas, moved that proposed change be submitted to 
 the Board. Mrs. Gillam, of South Carolina, seconded this motion. 
 
 On motion of Mary Carnell, seconded by Mrs. Elliott, the changing of 
 the By-Law r s was laid upon the table to be taken up at the Board meeting, 
 1915. Carried. 
 
 The report of the Nominating Committee was then read by the chair- 
 man, Emme Gerhard. 
 
 For President, Maybelle D. Goodlandcr, Muncie, Ind. 
 
 First Vice-President, Clara Louise Hagins, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Second Vice-President, Sara F. T. Price, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Secretary-Treasurer, Bayard Wootten, Newbern, N. C. 
 
 There being no nominations from the floor they were unanimously 
 elected. 
 
 Report of the Committee on Resolutions was then read by the chair- 
 man, Clara Louise Hagins, Chicago, 111. 
 
 RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS 
 WOMEN’S FEDERATION, P. A. of A. 
 
 Atlanta, Ga., June 19, 1914. 
 
 First. That be it hereby Resolved, That we of the Women’s Federa- 
 tion, P. A. of A., desire to express our thanks and appreciation to the Glenn 
 Photo Stock Company, the Southern Photo Material Company, the Eastman 
 Kodak Company, all local manufacturers and organizations and the photo- 
 graphic press for their many provisions for our entertainment during our 
 stay in Atlanta, also Harry Fell for making it possible for all to enjoy 
 the grand organ recital. 
 
 Second. That we of the Women’s Federation of the P. A. of A. do 
 most gratefully acknowledge the cordial support and generous ci’edit ex- 
 tended to us by the Executive Board of the P. A. of A. 
 
 Third. That we of the Women’s Federation of the P. A. of A. desire 
 to express our deep regret that the illness of “Papa” Cramer prevented him 
 from being with us, and that one of our most loyal workers, Miss Blanche 
 Reineke, could not be in attendance. 
 
 Fourth. That we of the Women’s Federation of the P. A. of A. wish 
 to voice our sincere appreciation of the delightful welcome and hospitality 
 extended to us by the Misses Mead, of Atlanta, the women of Atlanta and 
 the local entertainment committee. 
 
 Fifth. That we of the Women’s Federation of the P. A. of A. have a 
 deep sense of regret that our former President, Miss Katherine Jamieson, 
 could not be with us and wish to thank her for her most generous gift. 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-five 
 
Sixth. That we of the Women’s Federation of the P. A. of A. do 
 hereby express our appreciation of the wise and untiring work of our officers 
 and the chairmen of sections during their term of office. 
 
 Nana Bernhardt, Spartanburg, S. C. 
 
 Lotta Mead, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Maude Goodlander, Muncie, Ind. 
 
 Bayard Wootten, Newbern, N. C. 
 
 Clara Louise Hagins, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Committee. 
 
 A short discussion of the Circle and its benefits was brought up. The 
 
 Treasurer’s report was then read. 
 
 Balance in the treasury from January, 1914 $32.70 
 
 (This includes dues from seven members for 1914, $7.00.) 
 
 Other membership dues, 1914 110.00 
 
 Exchanges on checks .30 
 
 Received from P. A. of A. toward expenses (on account) 150.00 
 
 Restaurant receipts (commission) 18.01 
 
 Received from Miss Katherine Jamieson, Past President, toward 
 
 expenses 10.00 
 
 Total receipts $321.01 
 
 Amount paid out 208.68 
 
 Balance on hand $112.33 
 
 Bills Paid to July 10, 1914. 
 
 Miss Pearl Grace Loehr, President, for office expenses during the 
 
 year $100.00 
 
 To printer for stationery sent to officers 74.93 
 
 Extra for stationery sent to officers 2.50 
 
 Printing and 500 postal cards 7.25 
 
 Miss Marbourg, of New York, for newspaper write-up 10.00 
 
 Printer in Atlanta for checks, placards, etc., for restaurant 6.50 
 
 To cashier for restaurant 7.50 
 
 $208.68 
 
 A full financial report will be sent to the members of the Women’s Fed- 
 eration later on, owing to several Section Chairmen failing to send in their 
 expense account. 
 
 This report was accepted and the meeting adjourned until 1915 at 
 Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 (Signed) Pearl Grace Loehr, President. 
 Attest : Sara F. T. Price, Secretary-Treasurer. 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-six 
 
The Members 
 
Past Presidents 
 of 
 
 The Photographers’ Association 
 of America 
 
 Convention 
 
 Year 
 
 President 
 
 Address 
 
 Chicago, III. 
 
 1880 
 
 # J. F. RYDER, 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 1881 
 
 ‘JOHN CARBUTT, 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 1882 
 
 JOSHUA SMITH, 
 
 South Haven, Mich. 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 1883 
 
 J. E. BEEBE, 
 
 Denver, Colo, 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 1884 
 
 *J. H. KENT, 
 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 1885 
 
 ‘JAMES LANDY, 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 1886 
 
 W. H. POTTER, 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Chicago, III. 
 
 1887 
 
 *G. CRAMER, 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Minneapolis, Minn. 
 
 1888 
 
 *E. DECKER, 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 1889 
 
 *M. MacMICHAEL, 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 1890 
 
 J. M. APPLETON, 
 
 Dayton, Ohio 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 1891 
 
 GEO. H. HASTINGS, 
 
 Haverhill, Mass. 
 
 No Convention 
 
 1892 
 
 *W. G. ENTREKIN, 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Chicago, III. 
 
 1893 
 
 FRANCIS A. PLACE, 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 1894 
 
 ADAM HEIM BERGER, 
 
 New Albany, Ind. 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 1895 
 
 JOHN S. SCHNEIDER, 
 
 Columbus, Ohio 
 
 Celoron, N. Y. 
 
 1896 
 
 *R. P. BELLSMITH, 
 
 Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Celoron, N. Y. 
 
 1897 
 
 C. M. HAYES, 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Celoron, N. Y. 
 
 1898 
 
 J. WILL KELLMER, 
 
 Hazleton, Pa. 
 
 Celoron, N. Y. 
 
 1899 
 
 *F. W. GUERIN, 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 1900 
 
 S. L. STEIN, 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 1901 
 
 E. B. CORE, 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 1902 
 
 GEO. M. EDMONDSON, 
 
 Cleveland, Ohio 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 1903 
 
 J. GEO. NUSSBAUMER, 
 
 Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 1904 
 
 C. R. REEVES, 
 
 Anderson, Ind. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 1905 
 
 GEO. G. HOLLOWAY, 
 
 Terre Haute, Ind. 
 
 Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
 
 1906 
 
 CHAS. W. HEARN, 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Dayton, Ohio 
 
 1907 
 
 C. J. VAN DEVENTER, 
 
 Decatur, 111. 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 1908 
 
 FRANK W. MEDLAR, 
 
 Spencer, Iowa 
 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 1909 
 
 FRANK R. BARROWS, 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 1910 
 
 A. T. PROCTOR, 
 
 Huntington, W. Va. 
 
 St. Paul, Minn. 
 
 1911 
 
 GEORGE W. HARRIS 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 1912 
 
 BEN LARRIMER, 
 
 Marion, Ind. 
 
 Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 1913 
 
 CHAS. F. TOWNSEND, 
 
 Des Moines, Iowa 
 
 President 
 
 Atlanta, Ga. 1914 MANLY W. TYREE, Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 * Deceased. 
 
 By an act of the Convention, at Indianapolis, Ind., 1903, and the revised Constitution 
 of 1909-1912, all presidents were made life members of this Association. 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty -eight 
 
The Membership 
 
 Honorary Members 
 
 Sir Wm. de W. Abney, London, Eng. 
 R. Diihrkoop, Berlin, Germany. 
 
 Prof. A. H. Griffiths, Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Elbert Hubbard, East Aurora, N. Y. 
 Gov. Eberhart, St. Paul, Minn. 
 
 F. F. Perez, Mexico. 
 
 Life Members 
 
 Appleton, J. M., Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Barrows, Frank R., 49 High St., Medford, Mass. 
 Core, E. B., 74 Landscape Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. 
 Edmondson, G. M., Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 
 Harris, G. W„ 1311 F St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 
 Hastings, Geo. H., Newtonville, Mass. 
 
 Hayes, C. M., 246 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 
 Hearn, C. W„ 374 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. 
 Heimburger, A., New Albany, Ind. 
 
 Holloway, Geo. G., Terre Haute, Ind. 
 
 Van Deventer, 
 
 Kellmer, J. W., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 Larrimer, Ben, Marion, Ind. 
 
 Medlar, Frank W., Spencer, Iowa 
 
 Nussbaumer, J. Geo., 500 Main St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 Potter, W. H., Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Proctor, A. T., Huntington, W. Va. 
 
 Reeves, C. R., 119 S. Burdick St., Anderson, Ind. 
 Schneider, J. S., Baker Gallery, Columbus, Ohio 
 Stein, S. L., 126 Wisconsin St., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 Townsend, Chas. F., Des Moines, Iowa 
 '. J., Decatur, 111. 
 
 Honorary Life Members 
 
 Pirie MacDonald, New York City J. Ed. Rosch, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 B. J. Falk, New York City Andy Rosch, New Rochelle, N. Y. 
 
 G. Hanmer Croughton, Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Active Members 
 
 This list of names represents members of the P. A. of A. who are in good standing as this 
 annual goes to press. 
 
 Many there are who are in arrears for 1913 and 1914, and who are allowed reinstatement upon 
 payment of these dues. 
 
 *The star appearing before names in this list is considered an Honorary Mark. It indicates 
 that such persons have paid their dues regularly for five or more years. 
 
 ** A double star signifies that the dues have been paid regularly for ten or more years. 
 
 **Abbott, F. E., 547 E. Main St., Little Falls, N. Y. 
 Abbott, W. R., Opelika, Okla. 
 
 ‘Aitken, J. T., 78 Pike St., Port Jervis, N. Y. 
 Alderman, S. L., Greensboro, N. C. 
 
 Alexander, J. E., Salsbury, N. C. 
 
 Alexander, Kenneth, 917 Seneca St., Seattle, Wash. 
 Allen, G. J., Winder, Ga. 
 
 Allen, Miss Katie, Wheatland, Wyo. 
 
 Allred, Jno., Jr., Toccoa, Ga. 
 
 Anderson, Geo. H., 428 5th Ave. No., Nashville, 
 Tenn. 
 
 Anderson, John, Mankato Studio, Mankato, Minn. 
 Anderson, R. E., Thomasville, Ala. 
 
 ‘Arthur, J. L., 209 Main St., Streator, 111. 
 
 ‘Askren, I. M., Casey, Iowa 
 “Atkins, E. M., 1948 N. Clark St., Chicago, 111. 
 Austin, W. B., Charleston, S. C. 
 
 ‘Aune, S., Estrella Ave. and 23d St., Los Angeles, 
 Cal. 
 
 Bacon, Frank T., 1030 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 Baker, W. H., Washington, N. C. 
 
 Barnes, P. B., Union, S. C. 
 
 ‘Bass, W. H., 308-310 S. New Jersey Ave., Indian- 
 apolis, Ind. 
 
 ‘Beach, Howard D., 469 Virginia St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 “Beals, W. L„ Middleboro, Mass. 
 
 Bedow, Arthur P., 1707 Bienville Ave., New Or- 
 leans, La. 
 
 Bell, H. Lee, 14J4 Palafox St., Pensacola, Fla. 
 
 Bell, Miss Zelda M., Girard, Kans. 
 
 ‘Bellinger, Harry, Mt. Pleasant, Mich. 
 
 ‘Bellinger, J. A., Lakefield, Minn. 
 
 “Benjamin, I., 130 4th St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Page one hundred and thirty-nine 
 
Active Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 ’’Benke, H. C., 1305 Washington St., Manitowoc, Wis. 
 Bernhardt, H., Spartanburg, S. C. 
 
 Berry, John F., care Berkley Studio, Stanton, Va. 
 ’’Bill, Frank R., 746 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 
 ’Bill, J. A., 130 W. 4th St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 ’’Billings, E. T., 501 Monument Sq., Racine, Wis. 
 ’’Bissell, L. H., Effingham, 111. 
 
 Blackburn, V., Valdosta, Ga. 
 
 Blair, L. W., Merritt, Fla. 
 
 Blanchard, W. L., Columbia, S. C. 
 
 Biasing, Bert L., 1230 16th St., Denver, Colo. 
 
 ’Blum, Eduard, 32 S. Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111. 
 Bock, Leo H., Lyndbrook, Long Island, N. Y. 
 Boeger, C. J., 707 Kansas Ave., Topeka, Kans. 
 Bolsius, E. H., 15 Vendbie St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Booth, Fred., 181 George St., Toronto, Ont., Can. 
 Boozer, Virgil R., Lake City, Fla. 
 
 Bordeaux, D. J., 486 Main St., Springfield, Mass. 
 Borry, J., Thief River Falls, Minn. 
 
 ’’Bowles, Mrs. E. A., 123 Biddle Ave. No., Wyan- 
 dotte, Mich. 
 
 Bowles, W. R., Hopkinsville, Ky. 
 
 Boy, S. A., Bristol, Tenn. 
 
 Boyd, F. L., Hutsonville, 111. 
 
 Boyle, Frank A., Mobile, Ala. 
 
 Boyles, W. H., Jr., 711 S. Gas St., Knoxville, Tenn. 
 Bradley, Eugene A., Georgetown, Ky. 
 
 Bradley, Miss Katherine Stout, Georgetown, Ky. 
 “Brakebill, Jas. H., 522 Gay St., Knoxville, Tenn. 
 Breckon, W. O., Forbes and Atwood Sts., Pitts- 
 burgh, Pa. 
 
 ’’Bretzman, Chas. F., 22K N. Pennsylvania St., In- 
 dianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Bridwell, Arthur, Baldwin, Kans. 
 
 Brock, N. A., Asheville, N. C. 
 
 Brown, Ernest W., 422J4 S. 4th Ave., Louisville, 
 Ky. 
 
 Brooks, W. E., 127 N. Bell St., Shawnee, Okla. 
 ’“Brown, C. H., 323 S. 12th St., San Jose, Cal. 
 Brown, Fred. A., 858 Purchase St., New Bedford, 
 Mass. 
 
 Browne, Clarence I., 1218 Elm St., Dallas, Texas 
 Buck, G. V., 1113 F St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 
 “Buckley, L. J., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Buehman, A. R., Tucson, Ariz. 
 
 Bunker, Ada, Butler, Ind. 
 
 Burke, J. W., Manchester, Ga. 
 
 Burnitt, John T., Selma, Ala. 
 
 Butler, Mrs. W. E., Bismark, N. D. 
 
 ’Buxbaum, I., 1031 Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Caldwell, C. A., Wetmore, Kans. 
 
 ’’Call, W. R., 913 Elm St., Manchester, N. H. 
 Campbell, J. C., Honeapath, S. C. 
 
 Cargille, C. E., Johnson City, Tenn. 
 
 ’’Carl, R. E., 7th and Vine, Cincinnati, Ohio 
 ’Carlson, A., Eveleth, Minn. 
 
 ’’Carnell, Mary, 3731 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Carnes, E. M., Monroe, Ga. 
 
 Carr, June H., Gaffney, S. C. 
 
 Cawthon, T. Hope, Florala, Ala. 
 
 Cayce, Edgar, Selma, Ala. 
 
 Chambers, W. J., Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 “Clark, Frank Scott, 654 Woodward Ave., Detroit 
 
 Clarke, W. D., 301 King St., Charleston, S. C. 
 ’’Clarke, L. F., Aylmer West, Ontario, Canada 
 
 Claus, George, 100-102 Grand Ave., Eau Claire, Wis. 
 Clifton, A. V., 30’/2 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Clinkenbeard, W. H., Aberdeen, Wash. 
 
 Coble, W. M„ Kingston, N. C. 
 
 ’’Cole, O. W., 317 Main St., Danville, Va. 
 
 Coleman, Herbert, Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 ’Coller, J. Lester, Tecumseh, Mich. 
 
 ’’Collins, Joel, Oberlin, Ohio 
 
 Cones, J. W., San Antonio, Texas 
 ’’Conklin, Mrs. C., 46 Union St., Newark, N. J. 
 
 Cooke, L. C., Charlotte, N. C. 
 
 ’’Coovert, J. C., 67 N. Main St., Memphis, Tenn. 
 Corbitt, E. F., Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Corbitt, J. C., Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Coursen, W. L., Daytonia, Fla. 
 
 ’’Courtright, O. C„ Des Moines, Iowa 
 Cross, W. L., Jacksonville, Fla. 
 
 ’Crow, F. W., Maryville, Mo. 
 
 Crowell, Bert, Rochester, Minn. 
 
 Cummings, Geo. W., Andalusia, Ala. 
 
 Cummins, A. A., St. Augustine, Fla. 
 
 Cusick, J. L., 415 S. 4th Ave., Louisville, Ky. 
 Cutler, George II., 5th and Johnson Sts., Winona, 
 Minn. 
 
 Dahlgren, R. E., Winter Haven, Fla. 
 
 Dalton, II. A., Montrie, Ga. 
 
 Daniel, A. F., Jackson, Miss. 
 
 Death, Harry, Covington, Ga., 
 
 ’De Groat, A. B., Advocate Block, Bath, N. Y. 
 Deibert, W. 1L, West Superior St., Munising, 
 Mich. 
 
 Denning, Miss May, 414 Wyatt St., Chattanooga, 
 Tenn. 
 
 Dishinger, C. W., Mobile, Ala. 
 
 Dillon, Jas. L., 1017 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Dixon, G. H., Liberal, Mo. 
 
 Doln, M. J., May Cross, Ga. 
 
 ’Donaldson, C. A., Wahpeton, N. D. 
 
 Donaldson, Mrs. C. A., Wahpeton, N. D. 
 
 Donnelly, W. F., 1062-1064 Chapel St., New Haven, 
 Conn. 
 
 Doss, J. H., Winfield, Ala. 
 
 ’“Doty, E. E., 42 N. Washington Ave., Battle Creek, 
 Mich. 
 
 ’’Dozer, L. A., Bucyrus, Ohio 
 Drace, C. W., Greer, S. C. 
 
 Dunnington, W. W., Weston, W. Va. 
 
 Durham, R. L., Depot St., Latrobe, Pa. 
 
 ’Dworshak, Lewis, 105 W. Superior St., Duluth, 
 Minn. 
 
 Dyal, Will, Main St., Mt. Pleasant, Iowa 
 Earp, A. J., Winchester, Ky. 
 
 Easter, Frank, Eskridge, Kans. 
 
 Eblen, Newton C., 119 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Edmonston, D. B., 1407 F St., Washington, D. C. 
 Eddy, R. W., Catlettsburg, Ky. 
 
 Edwards, Chas. H., 25 Laura St., Jacksonville, Fla. 
 Edwards, R. H., Shawnee, Okla. 
 
 Eitner, Karl, 107 S. 16th St., Omaha, Neb. 
 
 Eklund, H. C., Central Ave., Great Falls, Mont. 
 Elbrick, Win. F„ 210 5th Ave. No., Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty 
 
Active Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 **Elliott, Martyn, Austin, Texas 
 * Elliott, Mrs. Martyn, Austin, Texas 
 *Ellis, William Shewell, 1628 Chestnut St., Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 **Esson, Jas., Preston, Ontario, Canada 
 Fawkner, Frederick P., Cairo, 111. 
 
 **Feldman, Fred J., El Paso, Texas 
 Fields, J. H., Fayetteville, Ark. 
 
 Finn, A. J., Jefferson, Iowa 
 **Fisher, G., 10-12 Kenmore St., New York City 
 Flora, J. G., Bessemer, Ala. 
 
 *Foltz, Geo. R., 116 Bull St., Savannah, Ga. 
 Foreman, Mrs. S. O., Ashburn, Ga. 
 
 Foust, O. V., Wilson, N. C. 
 
 Fowler, O. V., Carrollton, Ga. 
 
 Fowler, S. L., Newman, Ga. 
 
 *Franklin, Alton W., 1 W. 5th, Charlotte, N. C. 
 **Frey, Carl K., 11 Broad St., Utica, N. Y. 
 
 Fromm, Richard, Trinidad, Colo. 
 
 Gable, Robert B., Altoona, Pa. 
 
 Gallagher, C. D., Ely, Nev. 
 
 *Galbraith, C. H., 1231 Washington Ave. N., Minne- 
 apolis, Minn. 
 
 **Gallichan, Ii. W., Gravenhurst, Ontario, Canada 
 Gardner, C. Smith, De Land, Fla. 
 
 Gardner, Jared, Rockland, Mass. 
 
 Gardner, Miss W. A., Aliceville, Ala. 
 
 Geiger, C. C., Boaz, Ala. 
 
 *Georg, Victor, The Blackstone, Chicago, 111. 
 *Gerhard, Emme, Olive St., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 *Gerhard, Mamie, Olive St., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Gibbons, J. H., 24 N. Main St., Chambersburg, Fa. 
 Gidwell, C. W., 30 }4 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Giffin, J. E., Wheeling, W. Va. 
 
 **Gilbert, C. H., Independence, Iowa 
 Gillam, M. E., Morganton, N. C. 
 
 Glines, J. L., Ironton, Ohio 
 # Gloege, E. H., Monroe, Wis. 
 
 **Goldensky, Elias, 1705 Chestnut, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 **Golling, Ben. C., Ryan Bldg., St. Paul, Minn. 
 *Goodlander, Maud, Muncie, Ind. 
 
 *Goodlander, Maybelle, Muncie, Ind. 
 
 Gray, SanTl R., Main and Coulter Sts., German- 
 town, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Grebe, Arthur E., Scottsbluff, Neb. 
 
 Greene, William P., Muskogee, Okla. 
 
 Gribble, J. R., Rockmart, Ga. 
 
 Grogg, W. B., Lumberton, N. C. 
 
 Hafer, W. F., Augusta, Ga. 
 
 Hagins, Clara L., N. W. cor. State and Madison, 
 Chicago, 111. 
 
 Haller, L., Tampa, Fla. 
 
 **Halliday, Waller, Durham, N. C. 
 
 *Hamel, J., 939 Elm St., Manchester, N. H. 
 
 Hames, W. E., Cliffside, N. C. 
 
 Hammond, J. A., Hammond Studio, Meridian, Miss. 
 **Hanson, G. M., Albert Lea, Minn. 
 
 Hanson, H. O., Story City, Iowa 
 ^Harden, Homer T., Wichita, Kans. 
 
 **Harris, Jas. H., Little Rock, Ark. 
 
 Hatcher, Thurston, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Harvey, H. J., 204 Camp St., New Orleans, La. 
 *Harwood, Eb., Appleton, Wis. 
 
 Hays, F. S., Abbeville, S. C. 
 
 Hearn, R. E., 614 Cherry St., Macon, Ga. 
 
 Heath, R. A., Pontiac, 111. 
 
 Heebner, J. W., Lansdale, Pa. 
 
 Heim, W. H., 342 Pine St., Williamsport, Pa. 
 **IIeinemann, A., 5049 S. Ashland Ave., Chicago, 111. 
 **Hemp, Z. W., Eaton, Ohio 
 
 Henley, D. B., 134^4 Front St., Hattiesburg, Miss. 
 Hesse, H., 628 3d Ave., Louisville, Ky. 
 
 Hicks, Carrie B., 26 New St., Ansonia, Conn. 
 Higgason & Pelton, Asheville, N. C. 
 
 Hillhouse, J. N., Vicksburg, Miss. 
 
 Hinke, C. H., 513^4 Franklin St., Tampa, Fla. 
 Hirshberg, Wesley, 34 J4 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Hitchler, A. H., 149 Baronne St., New Orleans, La. 
 Hoffman, Jno. I., General Secretary, care Chamber 
 of Commerce, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Iloffmeister, H. E. Columbus, Miss. 
 
 **Holgerson, P., 2348 W. North Ave., Chicago, 111. 
 Holland, H. S., 29 7 King St., Charleston, S. C. 
 Holley, M. A., Coal City, Ala. 
 
 Holmboe, F., 4th St., Bismark, N. D. 
 
 Holmes, J. R., Louisville, Miss. 
 
 *Holsinger, R. W., Charlottesville, Va. 
 
 Homeier, A. H., Homeier & Clark, Richmond, Va. 
 Hope, J. L., Lenoir City, Tenn. 
 
 Hopson, S. J., Burlington Jc., Mo. 
 
 *Hornbaker, F. W., Washington Ave., Scranton, Pa. 
 Horton, J. A., Las Cruces, N. M. 
 
 ^Hostetler, J. B., 210 Brady St., Davenport, Iowa 
 *Hostetler, Roger H., Ottawa, 111. 
 
 Howard, F. B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
 
 Howard, L. A., Clarksville, Tenn. 
 
 Howe, E. N., Sylvester, Ga. 
 
 **Hoyt, Dudley, 753 5th Ave., N. Y. 
 
 Hubert, Celia A., 324 W. Ferry St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Hubner, G. A., 1030 Nicollette Ave., Minneapolis, 
 Minn. 
 
 Hurd, E. O., Forsythe, Ga. 
 
 **Hunt, Chas. E., North Tonawanda, N. Y. 
 
 Hunt, F. W., Ft. Myers, Fla. 
 
 *Hunt, P. S., Valdez, Alaska 
 Husband, J. S., care Camp Art Co., Jamestown, 
 N. Y. * 
 
 *Hyneman, R. W., Eden Valley, Minn. 
 
 Immke, H. W., Princeton, 111. 
 
 Ingalls, F. H., 818 S. Adams St., Spokane, Wash. 
 **Jacobson, S. E., 23 Frederick St., Port of Spain, 
 Trinidad, B. W. I. 
 
 **Jamieson, Katherine, 242 S. Highland Ave., Pitts- 
 burgh, Pa. 
 
 Jenkins, G. D., Big Stone Gap, Va. 
 
 ^Johannes, Bernhard P., 2624 Lisbon Ave., Milwau- 
 kee, Wis. 
 
 **Johnson, Belle, Monroe City, Mo. 
 
 **Johnson, C. W., Danville, Pa. 
 
 Johnson, P. E., care McMann & Johnson, Pensa- 
 cola, Fla. 
 
 Johnston, R. W., 241 5th Ave., Pittsburgh, P'a. 
 Judd, A. W., Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 Judd, S. W., Huntsville, Ala. 
 
 Jukes, M. F., Elko, Nev. 
 
 Jungerman, E., Columbus, Ga. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-one 
 
Active Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 “Kalt, A. C., 984 Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Keller, Robert R., Fayetteville, W. Va. 
 
 Kelley, M. F., Griffin, Ga. 
 
 Kelly, Miss L. F., Box 63, Blackville, S. C. 
 ‘Kendall, John B., Titusville, Pa. 
 
 ‘Kennedy, Rob. B., 23 Wyndham St., Guelph, On- 
 tario, Canada 
 
 Kern, J. A., Crawford, Neb. 
 
 ‘King, Warren C., 396 Congress St., Portland, Me. 
 Kirby, W. B., St. Petersburg, Fla. 
 
 “Knaffl, Joe, Gay St., Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Knowles, R. A., 81554 Market St., Chattanooga, 
 Tenn. 
 
 Koch, H. E., La Porte, Ind. 
 
 “Koehne, W. L., Bush Temple ox Music, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Kohler, Robert, 278 W. Water St., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 “Krueger, Herman, 23 Wealthy Ave. S. W., Grand 
 Rapids, Mich. 
 
 ‘Kuhnert, C. A., Wilmerding, Pa. 
 
 Kuhns, W. T., 3354 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Laudrum, G. W., Court St., Florence, Ala. 
 
 Launey, Garnett I., 554 York St. E., Savannah, Ga. 
 ‘Leatherdale, T. J., 350 Yonge St., Toronto, Can. 
 Leavitt, A. E., Harriman, Tenn. 
 
 ‘Lee, Peder, 25-27 West 5th, St. Paul, Minn. 
 “Leister, J. R., 243 Market St., Kittanning, Pa. 
 Lenney, W. E., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 ‘Lerski, Helmar, 1601 State St., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 ‘Lieberherr, Fred., 130 N. 8th St., Quincy, 111. 
 “Lifshey, S. H„ 1281 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Littleton, W. H., 2 Boyce Block, Muncie, Ind. 
 Lively, L. A., Murfreesboro, Tenn. 
 
 Lively, Owen, 2 3 54 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Lively, Miss Ruth, 2 3 54 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 “Lively, W. S., McMinnville, Tenn. 
 
 “Lloyd, Al., 44 3d St., Troy, N. Y. 
 
 ‘Loehr, Pearl Grace, 3 9 54 Washington Sq., New York 
 City 
 
 Lomax, Alfa, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 “Loomis, F. A., Emporia, Kans. 
 
 Lovins, Miss Eva B., Gadsden, Ala. 
 
 Lynch, Mrs. Myrtle A., Telluride, Colo. 
 
 McCaa, Wm. G., Ill W. 4th St., South Bethlehem, 
 Pa. 
 
 McCallum, Jno. B., Columbus, Ga. 
 
 McCollum, R. C., Dawson, Ga. 
 
 McCorkle, C. C., Newton, 111. 
 
 McCreary, Willis, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 McDaniel, J. W., Covington, Tenn. 
 
 McDannell, C. F., 220 Courtland, Atlanta, Ga. 
 McElfish, G. W., Frostburg, Md. 
 
 McGee, M. L., McRae, Georgia. 
 
 “McKee, Mrs. E. H. W., Homewood Ave. and Ben- 
 nett, Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 McKinstry, G. P., 5 1 3 54 Jackson St., Americus, Ga. 
 Mader, Chas. H., Greenville, Ala. 
 
 Mann, Paul, Mann Studio, Birmingham, Ala. 
 Maplestone, Esse E., 754 S. Horman St., Hammond, 
 Ind. 
 
 Marable, E. H., Columbus, Ga. 
 
 “Marceau, T. C., 258 5th Ave., New York City 
 Marchant, F., Hamlet, N. C. 
 
 Marks, E., Clinton, Mo. 
 
 Marston, E. F., 82 N. Pryor St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Mason, H. M., Talldega, Ala. 
 
 Mason, O. C„ 210 W. 80th St., New York City 
 Mathews, B. V., Concord, N. C. 
 
 Maurer, Jos. M., 418 Tremont St., Galveston, Texas 
 Mead, Adelaide, 56 E. Ellis, Altanta, Ga. 
 
 Mead, Lotta, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 “Medlar, Herbert B., Woodstock, 111. 
 
 ‘Meiser, Bessie L., Ill N. 9th St., Richmond, Ind. 
 “Mertens, W. J., 409 Yonge St., Toronto Ontario, 
 Canada 
 
 Miller, A. A., 139 N. West Center, Goldsboro, N. C. 
 ‘Miller, Mary W., 917 N. Sheridan Road, Wau- 
 kegan, 111. 
 
 Milner, J. S., Macon, Ga. 
 
 Moller, A. W., Broad St., Thomasville, Ga. 
 “Moore, B. Frank, Lennox Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio 
 Moore, R. A., Jackson, Tenn. 
 
 Morden, J. Russell, Greensburg, Pa. 
 
 “Morris, H. H., 2119 Post Office St., Galveston, 
 Texas 
 
 Morris, Paul, Greenwood, S. C. 
 
 “Morrison, Wm. M., 54 E. Division St., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Morton, H. T., 1922 3d Ave., Birmingham, Ala. 
 “Moyemont, S., La Junta, Colo. 
 
 “Murphy, Will R., 5th St., Newton, Kans. 
 
 Murray, J. E., Marietta, Ga. 
 
 Neck, R. E., P'alatka, Fla. 
 
 Nelson, Albert S., Glenwood, Minn. 
 
 ‘Nelson, H. G., Iloquiam, Washington 
 ‘Newman, Almeron, Raton, N. M. 
 
 Nichols, J. H., Shelbyville, Mo. 
 
 Norton, Clifford, 8221 Cedar Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 
 Novark, Frank, Kedzie Ave. and 22d St., Chicago 
 Nuglamb, J. B„ Natchez, Miss. 
 
 “Oliver, W. F., 16 Elm St., Baldwinsville, Mass. 
 Oonk, Miss Harriett, 1212 E. McMillan, Walnut 
 Hills, Cincinnati, Ohio 
 Orebaugh, C. E., Middlesborough, Ky. 
 
 Orr, J. H., 2 1 654 N. Main, Greenville, S. C. 
 Overbey, E. P., Mobile, Ala. 
 
 Overhall, O. E., S. Maple St., Lebanon, Tenn. 
 ‘Overholt, E. G., 84 William St., Hamilton, Ontario, 
 Canada 
 
 “Palethorp, Thomas, Greenville, Mich. 
 
 “Parrot, Geo. J., Fort Wayne, Ind. 
 
 Paschal, A. D., 31654 Broadway, Paducah, Ky. 
 Paton Studio, over National Bank, Fayetteville, N. C. 
 Peddinghaus, E. B., Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 Pelton, H. W., Asheville, N. C. 
 
 Perrey, Ed. F., Fort Wayne, Ind. 
 
 Peterson, R. F., Spartanburg, S. C. 
 
 ‘Phillips, Lewis D., 3 4 54 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 “Phillips, Ryland W„ 1507 Walnut St., Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 “Plecker, A. H., 202 9th St., Lynchburg, Va. 
 “Pohle, Frederick, 9 W. Chippewa St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 ‘Pontius, Sid. M., 208 W. Center St., Marion, Ohio 
 Pope, C'. E., Taylorville, 111. 
 
 Porter, B. G., Eustis, Fla. 
 
 “Porter, James W., 213 N. Phelps St., Youngstown, 
 Ohio 
 
 “Post, F. E„ 1132 15th St., Denver, Colo. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-two 
 
Active Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 Potter, Mrs. Lena, Scott City, Kans. 
 
 Powell, Miss Cenie, Philadelphia, Miss. 
 
 Powell, L. T., San Antonio, Texas 
 •Price, Sara F. T., 7430 Sprague St., Mt. Airy, 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Pumroy, A. Bellamy, Corning, Iowa 
 Raba, E., 203 Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, Texas 
 Rader, Wm. O. J., Rembrant Studio, Charlotte, N. C. 
 Rarick, Mrs. M. E., 155 Ellison St., Paterson, N. J. 
 *Rau, William H., 238 S. Camac St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 **Reece, Miss Jane, Callahan Bank Bldg., Dayton, O. 
 Reese, B. F., 220 W. Main St., Morristown, Tenn. 
 Reeves, J. H., Jasper, Ala. 
 
 Reeves Studio, Macon, Ga. 
 
 Reeves, W. R., 91 H Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 **Reinecke, Miss E. B., 1029 Oak St., Kansas City, 
 Mo. 
 
 ^Reiser, Jno. G., 2744 La Grange St., Toledo, Ohio 
 Relf, Richard, 809 Canal, New Orleans, La. 
 
 Reppe, E. O., 117 W. Bay St., Jacksonville, Fla. 
 Resler, R. E., West Palm Beach, Fla. 
 
 **Rentschler, J. F., Ann Arbor, Mich. 
 
 Rhodes, B. N., 126 Marquette St., La Salle, 111. 
 Rice, T. J., Oberlin, Ohio 
 Ricks, W. L., Valdosta, Ga. 
 
 **Riley, A. E., Coshocton, Ohio 
 Ringer, Arthur, Paola, Kans. 
 
 Robb, Chas., Robb & Co., Jackson, Miss. 
 
 Robinson, Chas. D., Tuskegee East, Ala. 
 
 Robinson, C. P., Orlando, Fla. 
 
 *Rogalinski, P. F., 315 S. Walnut St., South Bend, 
 Ind. 
 
 *Rossie, E. C., Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada 
 Rounds, W. R., Woodstock, Ontario, Canada 
 ^Rudolph, H. W., 509 Commercial St., Atchison, 
 Kans. 
 
 *'*Runkle, T. Will, 116 N. 10th St., Cedar Rapids, 
 Iowa 
 
 S. A. Russell, Anniston, Ala. 
 
 Salter, Leroy A., Newberry, S. C. 
 
 Salter, T. E., Newberry, S. C. 
 
 Scarbrough, Mrs. A., 212 W. Cherry St., Nevada, 
 Mo. 
 
 **Schanz, F., Fort Wayne, Ind. 
 
 *Schattschneider, E. G., Zion City, 111. 
 
 **Scheide, C. W., Elyria, Ohio 
 
 Schlechten, Albert, Bozeman, Mont. 
 
 **Schlessinger, M., 609 Braddock Ave., Braddock, Pa. 
 Schlotzhauer, Carl, 163 N. Oueen St., Lancaster, Pa. 
 Schriever, Jas. B., Scranton, Pa. 
 
 Schub, Mrs. Alice, Sandersville, Ga. 
 
 *Schultz, A. F., 468 11th Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 Schwartz, Ira D., 8724 Bay 15th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Scott, J. W., 205 W. Fayette St., Baltimore, Md. 
 **Seavy, E. E., New Castle, Pa. 
 
 Sherman, E. C., 404J4 S. Main St., Middletown, 
 Ohio 
 
 * Shrader, Joseph, 120 Main St., Little Rock, Ark. 
 Shubart, C. A., Princeton, Ind. 
 
 Siday, Geo., Sylvania, Ga. 
 
 Sigler, R. Harold, 617 Overland Bldg., Boise, Idaho 
 Silverstein, S., 43 E. Broughton, Savannah, Ga. 
 **Slear, J. C., Miffiinburg, Pa. 
 
 **Smith, C. E., 1613 Orrington Ave., Evanston, 111. 
 Smith, G. D., Oak Harbor, Ohio 
 Smith, J. A., Easley, S. C. 
 
 Smith, N. P., Elgin, Tex. 
 
 Smith, P. C., Alabama City, Ala. 
 
 **Snow, Jno. R., Mankato, Minn. 
 
 Snow, Lewis R., Room 730, City Hall, Philadelphia 
 ** Somers, F. M., 304 W. 4th St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 South, H. W., Bainbridge, Ga. 
 
 Southworth, Thos., Union City, Tenn. 
 
 Spahr, J. Lester, Wilmington, Ohio 
 Spieth, Otto, Jacksonville, 111. 
 
 **Standiford, Mrs. Ethel C., 621 S. 4th St., Louisville, 
 Ky. 
 
 Stanfield, J. M., Cleveland, Tenn. 
 
 Stanley, Katherine, 317 Main St., Springfield, Mass. 
 Stanton, C. Ray, Westerville, Ohio 
 Stead, Hubert, 720 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 
 *Stebbins, A. B., Canisteo, N. Y. 
 
 ""Stein, N. L., 452 Mitchell St., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 Stephenson, W. M., 30 x /z Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga., 
 *'*Stokes, Will H., Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 Stoner, M. R., 726 Market St., Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 ’'"Strauss, Julius C., Franklin, near Grand, St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 **Strickrott, John F., Topeka, Kans. 
 
 Stuart, E. O., Quincy, Fla. 
 
 *Studebaker, L. J., 91 1 Grand Ave., Kansas City, Mo. 
 Stump, K. A., 65 Rundle St., Adelaide, S. Australia 
 Sullivan, F. D., Kendallville, Ind. 
 
 *Surdam, Mrs. Sherman E., Westminster Hotel, To- 
 ronto, Ontario, Canada 
 
 Swilley, D. A., 78 S. Main St., Memphis, Tenn. 
 Taliaferro, Pearl, Port Gibson, Miss. 
 
 Taylor, M. E., Middletown, N. Y. 
 
 Tevis, E. F., 407 Market St., Wilmington, Del. 
 
 * "Thompson, D. P., 1118 Walnut St., Kansas City, 
 Mo. 
 
 Thompson, Jas. E., Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Thuss, A. J., Nashville, Tenn. 
 x Thuss, W. G., Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 **Tingley, Geo. E., Mystic, Conn. 
 
 Tipton, J. A., Helena, Ark. 
 
 Titus, A. O., 210 Grant St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Tomlinson, Jas. G., 209 E. State St., Trenton, N. J. 
 Tommins, Geo. R., Augusta, Ga. 
 
 **Towles, Will H., 1520 Connecticut Ave., Washing- 
 ton, D. C. 
 
 Towne, C. C., The Dalles, Ore. 
 
 ^"Townsend, Alva C., 226 S. 11th St., Lincoln, Neb. 
 
 Tressler, H. P., 14 Dexter Ave., Montgomery, Ala. 
 **Triplett, Will. A., Bluffton, Ohio 
 Turano, M. J., Bradford,. Pa. 
 
 Tuthill, J. H., 42 North St., Middletown, N. Y. 
 *"Tyree, Manly W., Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 Van Gorder, A. D., Milledgeville, Ga. 
 
 **Van Fleet, Mrs. Margaret, 220 E. Grand Blvd., De- 
 troit, Mich. 
 
 Van de Sande, Josephine E., New Smyrna, Fla. 
 *Van Vranken, J. I., Winona, Minn. 
 
 Veatch, W. L., 312 Main St., Cedar Falls, Iowa 
 Vessels, C. W., Apalachicola, Fla. 
 
 **Voiland, H. E., 513 4th St., Sioux City, Iowa 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-three 
 
Active Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 Wachter, J. T., 428 Spring St., West Hoboken, N. J. 
 Wagner, L. J., Cullman, Ala. 
 
 “Walden, W. Neal, Evansville, Ind. 
 
 Wallace, Harry, Anderson, S. C. 
 
 Walton, H. C., 204 Terminal Arcade, Oklahoma 
 City, Okla. 
 
 Warlick, D. A„ Macon, Ga. 
 
 Watts, G. N„ Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 Webb, Chas. D., McAlester, Okla. 
 
 ‘Weier, Mary M., Colfax, Wis. 
 
 Westberger, L. E., 2330 W. 3d St., Duluth, Minn. 
 Weston, E. H., Tropico, Cal. 
 
 Wheeler, W. M., Jr., Greenville, S. C. 
 
 White, N. C., 40 S. Main St., Gainesville, Ga. 
 Whitney, Aubrey, Fayette, Ala. 
 
 Willakowshi, E. W., St. Petersburg, Fla. 
 
 Willard, S. H., Corona, Cal. 
 
 ‘Williams, R. Morris, 206 Main St., Evansville, Ind. 
 
 ‘Williamson, Mary, 15 N. Ashland Ave., La Grange, 
 
 111 . 
 
 ‘Wills, II. B„ Seattle, Wash. 
 
 Wilson, M. H., 416 N. 21st St., Birmingham, Ala. 
 “Wint, R. W., Allentown, Pa. 
 
 Wisner, Miss Anna, Oxford, Ohio 
 “Wolbach, T. D., Wadsworth, Ohio 
 Wolf, H. L., Manhattan, Kans. 
 
 ‘Wolfe, Max, 112 N. 5th St., Manhattan, Kans. 
 Wood, Alice M., Miami, Fla. 
 
 Woodward, G. T., 32yi W. Forsythe St., Jackson- 
 ville, Fla. 
 
 Wootten, Mrs. Bayard, New Bern, N. C. 
 
 Wortman, F. P., Albany, Ga. 
 
 Yeager, J. E„ Monte Vallo, Ala. 
 
 ‘Zener, Ethel, 520 Minnesota Ave., Kansas City, 
 Kans. 
 
 “Zweifel, J. R., 20 Phoenix Block, Duluth, Minn. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-fowr 
 
Associate Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 Associate Members 
 
 ""Abel, Juan C., 917 Schofield Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio 
 "Ackerman, Carl E„ 42 E. 23d St„ New York City 
 Adam, H., Portrero Ave. and Mariposa St., San 
 Francisco, Cal., care Cal. Card Mfg. Co. 
 Adams, W. I. Lincoln, 135 W. 14th St., New York 
 City 
 
 Allan, Miss, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Allison, J. W., 235 5th Ave., New York City 
 ""Ames, C. F., Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Anderson, Chas. H., 351 N. Water St., Decatur, 111. 
 Anderson, W. C., Denver, Colo. 
 
 "Anthony, C. H., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Archey, R. Bruce, 104 Stadium Place, Syracuse, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Arnold, Mrs. G. M., 2322 E. 95th St., Cleveland, 
 Ohio 
 
 Arnett, L. C., 16414 Clayton St., Athens, Ga. 
 ""Barbeau, R. W„ E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Barnum, G. H., Springgrove Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 "Barrows, G. L„ 213 and 215 Water St., New York 
 City 
 
 Bartz, W. A., Youngstown, Ohio 
 ""Bausch, Edward, care Bausch & Lomb, Rochester. 
 N. Y. 
 
 "Beattie, J. W., care Cramer Dry Plate Co., St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Beatty, Chas. T., care Knaffl & Brakebill, Knoxville, 
 Tenn. 
 
 Bell, G. C., Evansville, Ind. 
 
 Bernhardt, Mrs. H., Spartanburg, S. C. 
 
 Betts, Farron S., 200 5th Ave., New York City 
 Blacher, Miss Jessie, care Mr. Kuhns, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Bodine, H. O., care Raw Film Supply Co., 15 E. 
 
 26th St., New York City 
 Boggs, G. H., 5814 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Bolen, E. S., Johnson City, Tenn. 
 
 Boynton, Miss Clyde, care Kelley Studio, Griffin, 
 Ga. 
 
 Brackett, R. P., care Cramer Dry Plate Co., St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Briefer, M., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 "Browne, W. B., care J. B. Hostetler, Davenport, 
 Iowa 
 
 Brooks, A. M., care Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Buck, A. W., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Burgetts, W. C., Tampa Photo Supply Co., Tampa, 
 Fla. 
 
 Burke, E. J., 45 W. Bay St., Jacksonville, Fla, 
 Burkhardt, Clay, Box 172 S. Side Station, Spring- 
 field, Mo. 
 
 "Burley, C. W., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Burnhardt, L. A., care Alfa Lomax, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Caldwell, T. G., care Rough & Caldwell, New York 
 City 
 
 ""Cameron, J. A., care Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chi- 
 cago, 111. 
 
 Carrick, Stuart, 812 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 ""Chambers, Frank V., 210-212 N. 13th St., Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 Cheatham, R. S., 5814 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Clark, Miss Fletcher, care Woodward Studio, Jack- 
 sonville, Fla. 
 
 Clark, Jos. Robt., Rome, Ga. 
 
 Clifton, G. F., 501 5th Ave., New York City 
 
 Closson, Chas. B., Woodstock, III. 
 
 "Clute, Fayette J., Call Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Coleman, Mrs. Herbert, Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 ""Collins, Henry H., care A. M. Collins Mfg. Co., 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Collins, Henry H., Jr., 226-240 Columbia Ave., 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Connor, Mary, care Mrs. Ethel Standiford, Louis- 
 ville, Ky. 
 
 Copley, B. C., Lansdale, P'a. 
 
 Cook, D. J., Effingham School, Effingham, 111. 
 
 Cooper, Edwin H., Central D. P. Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Cornell, S. B., care Canadian Kodak Co., Toronto, 
 Ontario, Can. 
 
 "Corning, Nate A., 436 Monroe Ave., Kansas City, 
 Mo. 
 
 Cowley, Rox, Glenn Photo Supply Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Craig, E. Mae, 252 Frank St., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Cubley, Guy, Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Dalton, Mrs. H. A., Montrie, Ga. 
 
 Dawes, J. A., Wollensak Opt. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 De Groat, J., care E. H. Cone, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 De Mulder, Chas., Greenville, S. C. 
 
 de Ories, S. G., care Boyler Studio, Mobile, Ala. 
 
 "Di Nunzio, Joe, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 ""Dorella, Joe P., care Cramer Dry Plate Co., Atlanta, 
 Ga. 
 
 Dosser, Ralph M,, care Knaffl & Brakebill, Knox- 
 ville, Tenn. 
 
 Dotta, C. IL, Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Dowling, North, care Helios Chemical Co., Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 Dry, Minnie L., care J. E. Alexander, Salisbury, 
 N. C. 
 
 Dunford, P. W., care W. W. Foster, Richmond, Va. 
 
 Earle, Chas. W., care Central D. P. Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 Easterling, H. A., 28 54 Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 ""Eisleben, Louis, care Hyatts, 417 N. Broadway, St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Elsinger, Harrold, care Van Gorder, Milledgeville, 
 Ga. 
 
 Elwell, F. B., care Sprague-Hathaway Co., Boston, 
 Mass. 
 
 Emminger, Frank, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 "Eppert, G. M., Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Erickson, Julius, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Escobar, A. C., 1438J4 Main St., Columbia, S. C. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-five 
 
Associate Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 Etchison, W. P., care Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Eutsler, Chas. W., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Evanoff, J. H. C., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y 
 Evans, R. T., Clifton, Ariz. 
 
 ♦♦Favour, Paul, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 ♦Fell, Harry M., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Fenn, B. S., Courtnay, British Columbia, Canada 
 Fenner, J. T., care A. M. Collins Mfg. Co., Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 Ferrell, C. A., Winston-Salem, N. C. 
 
 Field, L. D., care Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Fincke, Harry, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Finn, W. J., care Perkins Studio, Honolulu, T. H. 
 ♦Fitch, Ross E., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Fitzpatrick, J. T., care Tenn. Coal, Iron & Ry. Co., 
 Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 Fleischbein, Miss Myrtle, Atchison, Kans. 
 
 ♦*Folmer, W. F., Century Camera Div., E. K. Co., 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 ♦♦Fowler, H. M., 806-812 Huron Rd., Cleveland, Ohio 
 ♦Fraprie, Frank R., Columbus Ave., Boston, Mass. 
 Fraze, Glenn B., Flushing, Mich. 
 
 Freeman, Mrs. G. P., Bartow, Fla. 
 
 Freeman, Miss M. A., Jacksonville, Fla. 
 
 Freeman, W. N., care Defender P. S. Co., Rochester, 
 N. Y. 
 
 ♦French, Wilfred A., 383 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. 
 
 Gatchel, F. E., Louisville, Ky. 
 
 ♦Gennert, G., 24 E. 13th St., New York City 
 Gibson, J. E., 543 ^ 3d St., San Bernardino, Cal. 
 Gillbee, M. A. T., care A. M. Collins Mfg. Co., 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Glover, Harry M. R., Gundlach-Manhattan Optical 
 Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Goodhart, E. II., Southern Photo Material Co., At- 
 lanta, Ga. 
 
 ♦Gorton, H. C., care Wollensak Optical Co., Roches- 
 ter, N. Y. 
 
 ♦♦Govan, Minott M., 4 W. 29th St., New York City 
 Graves, R. J., Sussman Photo Stock Co., Baltimore, 
 Md. 
 
 Greene, II. S., Jacksonville, Fla. 
 
 Greer, L. C., Birmingham, 2716 Pine Ave., Ala. 
 Griesedeck, W. A., Central D. P. Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 Griffith, S. S., 318 N. 20th St., Birmingham, Ala. 
 Grove, H. B., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Hadaway, Thomas W., care Allison & Hadaway, 235 
 5th Ave., New York City 
 Hage, J. W., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Hall, W. E., care Orr, Greenville, S. C. 
 
 Halldorson, T. E., 9 S. Clinton St., Chicago, 111. 
 Hamilton, J. A., care Reeves Studio, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Hammer, Henry, Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 ♦“Hammer, L. F., Hammer D. P. Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 Hammer, O. W., Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 Hansbrough, C. A., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Hansen, Victor, care Glenn P. S. Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 Hapke, Henry, Boston Block, Room 122, Denver, 
 Colo. 
 
 Harding, J. P., care Bert P. Corvell, Birmingham, 
 Ala. 
 
 Ilarriman, J. H., care A. M. Collins Mfg. Co., 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Harris, Miss Rose, Roanoke, Va. 
 
 Harris, W. L., care Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago 
 Heffner, R. B., Sweet, Wallach & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 Hein, Max, 35 E. 13th St., New York City 
 Henke, A., Cresham, Wis. 
 
 Henry, J. J., Streator, 111. 
 
 Ilenshaw, L. M., Michigan Photo Shutter Co., Kala- 
 mazoo, Mich. 
 
 Herschel, R. D., Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 Hirschfeld, G., Carl Ernst & Co., 154 E. 23d St., 
 New York City 
 
 Hodges, Frederick A., Rome, N. Y. 
 
 **Tloefle, H. F., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Holland, C. Arthur, P. O. Box 304, Washington, 111. 
 ♦♦Hollowood, F., 75 E. State St., Columbus, Ohio 
 Holt, A. A., care Seneca Camera Mfg. Co., 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Honiker, A. R., S l A N. Forsythe, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Hopkins, Geo. L. 203 S. Spring St., Greensboro, 
 N. C. 
 
 *Hord, Spencer B., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Howard, Jessie, Asheville, N. C. 
 
 Howland, E. A., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Huntley, Miss Loree, Mason City, Iowa 
 Huske, G. L., 610 14th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 
 Hutcheson, Keefe, care Knaffl & Brakebill, Knox- 
 ville, Tenn. 
 
 Hutchinson, C. S., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Isaacs, Clarence C., Eau Claire, Wis. 
 
 Johnson, M. A., Memphis Photo Supply Co., Mem- 
 phis, Tenn. 
 
 Johnson, Miss, 815^2 Market St., Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 Johnson, Theo., Sweet, Wallach & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 ♦♦Jones, L. B., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 Jungerman, Miss Kate, Columbus, Ga. 
 
 Kerst, W. W., care F. J. Curry, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 ♦♦Kirschner, C. IL, Carl Ernst Co., New York City 
 ♦♦Kixmoeller, H. W., care O. H. Peck Co., Minne- 
 apolis, Minn. 
 
 Kuhns, J. H., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Kuhs, Carl A., 33Vz Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga. 
 ♦Laver, E. A., Ernst Oeser & Co., New York City 
 Lake, Miss Edith M., care Misses Mead, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Lane, F. E., Wollensak Opt. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 ♦♦Lamoutte, A. C., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Lawrence, A. M., care Gardner, De Land, Fla. 
 ♦♦Lawrence, Chas., 149 N. Lawrence Ave., Wichita, 
 Kans. 
 
 Leache, Frank M., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Leonard, Wm. A., care Ernst Oeser & Co., New 
 York City 
 
 Lewis, M., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 ♦♦Lieber, Robert, 24 Washington St., Indianapolis, Ind. 
 Lips, Herman, 55 John St., New York City 
 ♦Loeb, S. S., Presto Mfg. Co., 5907 Baum St., Pitts- 
 burgh, Pa. 
 
 ♦♦Lomb, A., care Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Roches- 
 ter, N. Y. 
 
 Long, L. F., care Wheeler & Son, Greenville, S. C. 
 Luckiesh, Frank W., Glenn Photo Stock Co., At- 
 lanta, Ga. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-six 
 
Associate Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 Lugar, R. A., 167 E. 154th St.. Harvey, 111. 
 
 Lutz, Elsie, McMinnville, Tenn. 
 
 Lutz, Iva, care Lively, McMinnville, Tenn. 
 
 Lynn, S. G., care June Carr, Gaffney, S. C. 
 
 Lyon, Mrs. P. H., Danville, Va. 
 
 McCall, Mrs., care Harris & Ewing, Washington, 
 D. C. 
 
 McCutcheon, Jno. J., care Thuss, 217 Fifth Ave., 
 Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 ^McDowell, J. W., Am. Paper Goods Co., Kensing- 
 ton, Conn. 
 
 McFessell, R. W., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 **Mackness, G. W., care Burke & James, Chicago, 111. 
 Markley, W. J., Willis & Clements, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Melody, Jos. T., 4 Adams Ave. W., Detroit, Mich. 
 Mendel, Louis, 1321 Franklin Ave., l^ew York City 
 Milentz, A. L., care G. Cramer Dry Plate Co., St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Miller, M. F., 182 Meeting St., Providence, R. I. 
 Moose, Roy, Greensboro, S. C. 
 
 **Mullett, R. B., 920-922 Grand Ave., Kansas City, 
 Mo. 
 
 *Mundy, Frank D., 7 Lainberton Park, Rochester, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Murdock, J. A., 58^ Whitehall, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Murphy, Geo., 57 E. 9th St., New York City 
 Mussen, W. B., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Neff, Chas. C., Altoona, Pa. 
 
 Niles, II. E., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Nilner, Miss A. P., care Tresslar Studio, Mont- 
 gomery, Ala. 
 
 **Noble, Frank S., Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Norwood, A. A., Eutsler Studio, Greensboro, N. C. 
 Osesek, S. F., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 *Palmer, J. G., care Canadian Kodak Co., Toronto, 
 Canada. 
 
 Panfield, J. D., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 *Paul, A. H., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Paulger, Stanley, care Tresslar Studio, Montgomery, 
 Ala. 
 
 Pepper, W. M., care Canadian Kodak Co., Toronto, 
 Ontario, Canada 
 Percy, Albert, Ft. Meyers, Fla. 
 
 Peterson, Anna Laurie, Spartanburg, S. C. 
 
 *Pilon, F. H., care Albany Card & Paper Co., N. Y. 
 Pittman, Ed F., 1300 Elm St., Dallas, Texas 
 Plaisance, F. L., care Moses, New Orleans, La. 
 Potter, C. F., Jr., Morris Park, L. I., N. Y. 
 
 Potter, R. A., care 111 E. 2d St., Sedalia, Mo. 
 **Prince, L. M., 108 W. 4th St., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 Ray, J. V., 38 Bowery, New York City 
 * Reckling, Cliff, Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 *Reeder, O. B., 1010 Grand Ave., Kansas City, Mo. 
 *Reimers, Henry, 3d and Cedar Sts., Milwaukee, Wis. 
 Reiner, C. II., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Rice, A. D., care Camp Art Co., Jamestown, N. Y. 
 Ricks, Miss Ethel, Valdosta, Ga. 
 
 ‘^Robinson, C. B., 234 Huron St., Grand Rapids, 
 Mich. 
 
 Rockwood, W. A., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 Rose, Leon G., 1741 G St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 
 
 Ruffner, C. II., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Russell, Miss Roberta, Ensley, Ala. 
 
 *Salzgeber, Richard, Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Sattawhite, F. II., care Glenn Photo Stock Co., At- 
 lanta, Ga. 
 
 **Savage, C. IL, care Francis Hendricks Co., Syra- 
 cuse, N. Y. 
 
 Sclianz, Paul W., Gundlach Manhattan Opt. Co., 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Schenck, F. D. P., care A. M. Collins Mfg. Co., 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Schweitzer, J., Schering & Glatz, New York City 
 
 Schlegel, V. A., 318 N. 20th St., Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 *Schmid, F., C. P. Goerz, Am. Optical Co., N. Y. 
 
 * Schultz, J. C., Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Sevier, Jno. F., care Elkin Drug Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 *Seyler, Fred, Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Shafer, Clint, Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 *Sharp, Geo. II., Quaker City Card Co., Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 Sheets, W. IL, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Shelton, J. A., Murfreesboro, Tenn. 
 
 Slioberg, D. C., Sioux City, Iowa 
 
 **Sievers, II. C., Sweet, Wallach & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Simons, E. Colborn, 800 Center Ave., Bay City, 
 Mich. 
 
 Sims, Miss Pearl, care McChaney, Paragould, Ark. 
 
 Smith, A. A., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Smith, Al, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Smith, C. H. care Forbes Dry Plate Co., Rochester, 
 N. Y. 
 
 **Smith, Jas. H., 725 E. 35th St., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Smith, W. C., care C. P. Goerz Am. Op. Co., N. Y. 
 
 Snow, C. E., E. K. Co., Rochester, N Y 
 
 Spies, C. C., Carl Ernst Co., New York City 
 
 Steffins, A. F., care Reflex Camera Co., Newark, 
 N. J. 
 
 ^Stephens, T. W., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Stephenson, S. J., Southern Photo Material Co., At- 
 lanta, Ga. 
 
 Stokes, Herbert G., 1909 N. 63d St., Philadelphia, 
 Pa. 
 
 Stone, J. W., care E. H. Cone, Inc., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 **Strong, Harry U., Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago, 
 
 111 . 
 
 Sullivan, Edw., E. K. Co., 125 Baronne, New Or- 
 leans, La. 
 
 *Swingley, C. L., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 **Taprell, W. A., Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Taylor, Ada B., care G. E. Richer, Fitzgerald, Ga. 
 
 Taylor, Anna E., care Lively, McMinnville, Tenn. 
 
 *Taylor, C. W., Hammer D. P. Co., 6130 Prairie 
 Ave., Chicago, 111. 
 
 *Taylor, E. A., care Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., 
 Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Terreson, A. T., Birmingham, Ala. 
 
 Thrower, Miss L., Clarksville, Tenn. 
 
 Tompkins, E. D., care Southern Photo Co., Atlanta, 
 Ga. 
 
 **Topliff, Geo. W., Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 *Towles, C. O., Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty -seven 
 
Associate Members of the Photographers’ Association of America 
 
 •Tozier, H. H., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Trout, C. W., Glenn P. S. Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Troyford, Loren C., care Mrs. Oscar Drum, 
 Bartlesville, Okla. 
 
 True, Paul E., care Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Tucker, R. M., care Allen Studio, Winder, Ga. 
 
 *Twitt, A. A., 4359 W. Belle Place, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Tyus, Lulu, care Stephenson Studio, Birmingham, 
 Ala. 
 
 Van Allen, C. J., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Van Gilder, Edgar, E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Van Horn, G. B., Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Van Ness, James H., Jr., Charlotte, N. C. 
 
 Voetter, A., care Schering & Glatz, New York City 
 
 Von der Heiden, C. R., care Hitchler Studio, New 
 Orleans, La. 
 
 Wagner, Jno., Cullman, Ala. 
 
 **Waite, F. B., Am. Dry Plate Co., Worcester, Mass. 
 
 Wallace, C. E., Sprague-Hathaway Co., West Som- 
 erville, Mass. 
 
 Wambsgauss, Jacques, care Bert Corell, Birming- 
 ham, Ala. 
 
 Watkins, Thomas Coke, 122 E. 25th St., New York 
 City 
 
 Webster, J. T., care J. R. Holmes, Louisville, Miss. 
 
 Webster, W. P„ care McCreary Studio, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Werber, C. A., Elkin Drug Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 West, J. E., care Woodward, Jacksonville, Fla. 
 
 Wettig, Geo., care Stephenson Studio, Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 * Whipple, F. M., care Central D. P. Co., St. Louis, 
 Mo. 
 
 White, H. C., North Bennington, Vt. 
 
 Whiteman, Sidney W., Ansco Co., Binghamton, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Wiegner, H. J., 1705 N. 29th St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Wilcox, J. H., 1246 Pacific St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Wills, H. B., E. K. Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Wing, H. H., Elkin Drug Co., Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 Wolff, William, Wolff & Dolan, San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 *Wollensak, Andrew, Wollensak Optical Co., Roches- 
 ter, N. Y. 
 
 Wolter, Frank C., 30 E. Randolph, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Wright, E. D., care Cramer Dry Plate Co., St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 Wunderlich, Albert, care John Haworth Co., Phila- 
 delphia, Pa. 
 
 Yeager, Mrs. J. E., Monte Vallo, Ala. 
 
 Zehnle, W. J., care W. D. Gatchel & Son, Louis- 
 ville, Ky. 
 
 Page one hundred and forty-eight 
 
The Advertiser 
 
The Advertisers 
 
 Cameras 
 
 Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Chemicals 
 
 Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 G. Gennert, New York City 
 Mallincrodt Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Card Mounts 
 
 California Card Manufacturing Co., San Francisco, Cal. 
 Kimball-Mathews Co., Columbus, O. 
 
 Taprell, Loomis & Co., Chicago, III. 
 
 Dry Plates 
 
 Allison & Hadaway, New York City 
 Central Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 G. Cramer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Hammer Dry Plate Co., St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Lenses 
 
 Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 C. P. Goerz American Optical Co., New York City 
 Voigtlander & Sohn, Chicago, III. 
 
 Wollensak Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Miscellaneous 
 
 Albermarle Paper Mfg. Co., Blotting, Richmond, Va. 
 Burke & James, Inc., General Supplies, Chicago, III. 
 Conley Camera Co., Shutters, Rochester, Minn. 
 Wolff & Dolan, Probus Paint, San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Paper 
 
 Ansco Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
 Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y. 
 
 Photo Products Co., Chicago, 111. 
 
 Willis & Clements, Philadelphia 
 
 Photographic Magazines 
 
 Abel’s Photographic Weekly, Cleveland, O. 
 
 American Photography, Boston. Mass. 
 
 Bulletin of Photography, Philadelphia 
 Camera Craft, San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Photo-Era, Boston, Mass. 
 
 Photo-Miniature, New York City 
 Photographic News, New York City 
 Photographic Times, New York City 
 The Camera, Philadelphia 
 
 Wilson’s Photographic Magazine, New York City 
 
 Portrait Work 
 
 Eduard Blum, Chicago. 111. 
 
 Sprague-Hathaway Co., West Somerville. Mass. 
 
is impossible to determine the 
 
 QUIET-RESTFUL-CONVINCING INFLU' 
 ENCE OF A LARGE PORTRAIT OF THE 
 BETTER SORT -WHETHER IN YOUR 
 OWN RECEPTION ROOM OR IN THE 
 HOME OF YOUR PATRON— 
 
 THIS LARGER PORTRAITURE— 
 RIGHTLY MADE -CARRIES TO 
 THE WAITING PATRON THIS 
 ONE FACT-THAT YOUR WORK 
 IS WORTH THE PRICE YOU 
 ASK - WHATEVER IT MAY BE 
 
 plrlthrl W(lO M PORTRAIT STANDS IN A 
 A v: 1 ^ CLASS A LONE-rr SPEAKS 
 
 FOR ITSELF AND FOR YOU -IT SPEAKS 
 IN EVERY HOME WHERE YOU PLACE 
 A PORTRAIT'- 
 
 pragfle-N atliawa^ 
 
 WEST SOMERVILLE 
 MASSACHUSETTS — 
 

 Photo- Era Magazine 
 
 
 Upholds and encourages the highest standards of photographic 
 
 /y 
 
 craftsmanship and ethics, as practiced by the better class of pro- 
 
 
 fessional and amateur workers throughout the world. 
 
 
 If interested, send for a free specimen copy. 
 
 J 
 
 PHOTO-FRA is published monthly ; 15 cents the copy, and 
 
 By Katherine Stanley 
 
 $1.50 the year. 
 
 WILFRED A. FRENCH, Editor and Publisher 
 
 Photo-Era Building, Boylston Street, BOSTON, U. S. A. 
 
 THE KIMBALL-MATHEWS COMPANY 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 HIGH GRADE 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHIC MOUNTS 
 
 203-215 NORTH NINTH STREET 
 
 COLUMBUS, OHIO 
 
 When you really need practical information about some method of photography, see 
 
 T 1 1 E PHOTO-MINIA T U R E 
 
 SERI K S O F PRACTICAL PHOTOGRAPHIC HANDBOOKS 
 
 This series covers more than fifty different branches of work. Its information is intensely 
 practical, gathered from the real experience of men who have done the work. Some numbers 
 are worth $50 to the man who can apply their information. 
 
 S E E T II E H O OKS A T Y O UR DEAL E R ’ S 
 
 25 Cents per Copy, Subscription $2.50 per year. List on request. 
 
 Tennant & Ward, Publishers .... 103 Park Avenue, New York 
 
Notice how simple they are made 
 
 “ SILENCE IS GOLDEN ” 
 
 T HE Professional Photographer 
 appreciates the advantage of a 
 Silent Shutter. When that desirable 
 feature is combined with a simple 
 and scientific construction, one doing 
 away with all cogs, ratchets, valves, 
 scraping wings, and the like, one 
 then has the Only Silent Studio 
 Shutter. It “opens without a 
 sound. 
 
 They are patented and made only 
 by us. Be sure your order reads 
 S-I-L-E-N-T, and accept no other. 
 It’s best recommendation— thousands 
 of satisfied users. Made with both 
 plain and pivot bearings. 
 
 The “Success” Vignetter — simple 
 — effective — easy to operate — cannot 
 get out of order — readily attached to 
 any Studio Camera. 
 
 CONLEY CAMERA 
 COMPANY 
 
 ROCHESTER, - MINNESOTA 
 
 FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS 
 
 The Element of Time 
 
 Is the prominent factor in photography 
 to-day. There is a greater waste from 
 insufficient exposure or movement on 
 the part of the subject than occurs from 
 any other cause in the process. 
 
 A & H Record Plates enable you 
 to make snap-shots in the house, and 
 short-time exposures by the light of one 
 incandescent lamp. 
 
 Record Plates are coated with a fog- 
 less emulsion of great latitude They 
 stand the limit of forcing, keep well 
 and are of fine grain. 
 
 PRICE LIST 
 
 of the A & H Brand of MARION & CO.’S 
 RECORD PLATES, the fastest on earth: 
 
 214 x 
 
 314 
 
 Plain 
 
 $0.35 
 
 Backed 
 
 $0.42 
 
 3/4 X 
 
 4/ 4 K Plate 
 
 .45 
 
 .52 
 
 4 x 
 
 5 
 
 .65 
 
 .77 
 
 3' 4 x 
 
 5 J4 Postcard . 
 
 .65 
 
 .77 
 
 4 x 
 
 6 
 
 .88 
 
 1.00 
 
 4 :1 4 X 
 
 614 
 
 1.00 
 
 1.15 
 
 5 x 
 
 7 
 
 1.10 
 
 1.40 
 
 5 x 
 
 8 
 
 1.25 
 
 1.50 
 
 6', x 
 
 814 Whole Plate 
 
 1.65 
 
 1.90 
 
 8 x 
 
 10 
 
 2.40 
 
 2.75 
 
 11 X 
 
 14 
 
 6.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 
 METRIC SIZES 
 
 
 Plain 
 
 45 
 
 x 107 mm 
 
 
 . $0.40 
 
 414 
 
 x 6 cm. 
 
 
 .30 
 
 6 
 
 x 9 cm. . 
 
 
 . .40 
 
 6/4 
 
 x 9 cm. 
 
 
 . .40 
 
 9 
 
 x 12 cm. . 
 
 
 . .60 
 
 10 
 
 x 15 cm 
 
 
 . .90 
 
 Send us the price of a trial dozen — 
 we will buy the parcel-post stamps. 
 
 Allison & Hadaway 
 
 Photographic Manufacturers 
 and Importers 
 
 235 FIFTH AVENUE 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
PHOTO PAPERS 
 
 PLATORA 
 
 AND 
 
 INSTANTO 
 
 FROM FACTORY TO YOU PRE- 
 PAID— WRITE FOR OUR 
 DIRECT PROPOSITION 
 
 The Photo Products Co. 
 
 6100 LaSalle Street, Chicago 
 
 CAMERA 
 
 OWNERS 
 
 I F you would like to see a copy of a 
 beautiful, practical, interesting, 
 modern photographic magazine, 
 written and edited with the purpose of 
 teaching all photographers how to use 
 their materials and skill to best ad- 
 vantage, either for profit or amusement, 
 send us your name on a postcard. 
 Don’t forget or delay, but write at 
 once. The three latest numbers will 
 be sent for 25c. $1.50 a year. 
 
 American Photography 
 
 221 Columbus Avenue 
 
 Rost on, Mass., U. S. A. 
 
 THE PHOTOGRAPHIC 
 BUSINESS PAPER 
 IS THE 
 
 Photographic 
 
 News 
 
 $1.0 0 A YEAR 
 NO FREE LIST 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS 
 
 — inc.— 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 PROBUS 
 
 PROBUS is a preservative paint or 
 varnish manufactured es- 
 pecially for photographic purposes. It 
 will not effect the most sensitive solution 
 and is impervious to the action of any 
 of the chemicals used in photography. 
 Applied to wood, fiber or similar com- 
 positions, tin or iron, it renders the 
 material proof against water, acid, alkali 
 and rust. 
 
 PROBUS lends itself splendidly to 
 
 the home production of 
 
 wooden trays, sinks and similar recep- 
 tacles used in photographic work-rooms. 
 Used as a paint for shelves and floors, it 
 means a clean, dry dark room. A half 
 pint trial tin sells for 35 cents and will 
 save almost as many dollars. 
 
 Pint 65c Quart $1.00 Half Gal. $1.65 
 One Gallon $3.00 Five Gallons $13.50 
 ALL DEALERS 
 
 WOLFF & DOLAN 
 
 MANUFACTURERS 
 
 220 POST ST. SAN FRANCISCO 
 
CAMERA CRAFT 
 
 A monthly magazine covering all that is best in Photography. Carries more 
 advertising than any other photographic journal. That tells the tale. 
 
 Subscription Price $1.00 a Year 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO 
 
 CALIFORNIA 
 
 BLUM! 
 
 CHICAGO! — 
 — QUALITY! 
 
 EDUARD BLUM 
 
 32 So. Wabash Ave. 
 Chicago 
 
 The Photo Art Shop 
 in the Service of the 
 Profession 
 
 WRITE FOR BOOKLET 
 
 The Photographic Times 
 
 AN INDEPENDENT ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY MAGAZINE, DEVOTED 
 TO THE INTERESTS OF PICTORIAL AND SCIENTIFIC PHOTOGRAPHY 
 SAMPLE COPY WILL BE SENT UPON REQUEST. 
 
 Single Copy 15 cents. $1.50 the year. 
 
 EDITED BY W. I. LINCOLN ADAMS 
 
 The Photographic Times Publishing Association 
 
 135 WEST l ith STREET, NEW YORK 
 
ABEL’S PHOTOGRAPHIC WEEKLY 
 
 The Professional Man’s Journal — Helpful — Breezy — Alive — Fair 
 
 Honest, fair-dealing journalism, not sparing censure where it is deserved nor withholding 
 the kind word when it is due; giving facts as full and accurate and both-sided as can be 
 obtained, carefully separating information from opinion, striving to upbuild rather than tear 
 down, deserving the confidence of readers, and thereby the patronage of honest advertisers — 
 such is Optimistic, Constructive Journalism, the ideal which Abel's Photographic Weekly' 
 is endeavoring to achieve. 
 
 SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $1.50 PER YEAR 
 917 SCHOFIELD BLDG. :: :: CLEVELAND, OHIO 
 
 Photo Finish “ WORLD ” Blotting 
 
 THE BEST AND PUREST QUALITY FOR 
 PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES. 
 
 Non-Jinting Chemically pure. 
 
 MADE EXCLUSIVELY BY 
 
 The Albemarle Paper Mfg. Co. 
 
 RICHMOND, YA., U. S. A. 
 
 Working samples furnished on receipt of five cents 
 for postage. 
 
 Wilson’s Photographic Magazine 
 
 THE OLDEST PHOTOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE IN AMERICA 
 THOMAS COKE WATKINS, Editor 
 
 Now in its fifty-first year, and better and more helpful than ever. 
 Practical, original, money-making articles and splendid reproductions of 
 the world's best portraiture. A sample copy for ten cents will convince. 
 
 THREE DOLLARS A YEAR AND WORTH IT. 
 
 EDWARD L. WILSON CO., Inc., 122 E. 2.5th Street, N. Y. 
 
California Card Manufacturing 
 
 Company 
 
 Potrero Avenue and Mariposa Street 
 San Francisco, California 
 
 Our goods are up-to-date to the last minute. They are 
 made of the best material, both domestic and imported. 
 
 We please and satisfy every customer. For this reason 
 our business is extending and growing constantly. 
 
 EASTERN OFFICE, 30 E. Randolph St., CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 
 
 M. M. FREY, Eastern Agent 
 
 Pyrogallic Acid 
 
 “M. C. W.” BRAND 
 
 Our Acid is as pure an article as can be made, light and 
 bulky in appearance, dissolves perfectly, and may always 
 be relied upon to produce the best photographic results. 
 
 When placing your orders for “PYRO” specify “M.C. W.” 
 CRYSTALS RESUBLIMED 
 
 Mallinckrodt Chemical Works 
 
 ST. LOUIS :: NEW YORK 
 
YOU CAN NOW SECURE AN 
 
 Ingento Rapid Printer 
 
 STYLE C 
 
 For Only $16.00 
 
 Ingento, Style C, is in reality, two 
 rapid printers in one, as it can be used 
 with equal facility as an oblique or 
 Hat bed printer. In tbe oblique 
 position it automatically ejects each 
 exposed print into a removable print 
 receiver. The Printer is lined on all 
 four sides with brilliant reflecting 
 mirrors which greatly increase the 
 effective candle power of the light. 
 Supplied with wiring and plug, ready 
 for attachment to any incandescent 
 socket. 
 
 Reduced Price, each $16.00 
 
 Every photographer should own 
 this machine. It will soon pay 
 for itself in time and labor saved. 
 
 Burke & James, Inc. 
 
 240-258 E. Ontario St. 
 
 1 photo suppues! CHICAGO 
 
 New York Office and Sales Room 
 225 FIFTH AVENUE 
 
 Building a Reputation 
 
 The quickest way to eliminate com- 
 petition is by building a reputation for 
 producing pictures of the highest artis- 
 tic quality, and the easiest way to 
 accomplish this is to use a 
 
 Heliar Lens 
 
 This lens has every quality needed 
 for the production of pictures of the 
 highest merit. Its speed, so important 
 in portraiture is F 4.5, sufficient to 
 make instantaneous exposures in a well 
 lighted studio. Its optical corrections 
 are the highest. Sharpest definition or 
 exquisite softness can be obtained at 
 the desire of the operator. 
 
 Add your skill to Heliar quality and 
 your reputation as a photographer is safe. 
 
 Voigtlander & Sohn 
 
 240-258 E. Ontario St.. Chicago 
 225 Fifth Avenue, - New York 
 WORKS — BRUNSWICK, GERMANY 
 
 CANADIAN AGENTS: 
 
 IIUPFELD, LI DECKING & CO., Montreal, Canada 
 
Bulletin_2LPhotography 
 
 FILLED WITH ORIGINAL ARTICLES TO AID YOU IN YOUR BUSINESS. 
 
 THE WEEKLY PROFESSIONAL MAGAZINE THAT YOU SHOULD READ. 
 
 $1.75 a year 
 
 Pur I A A/TT7 13 A ° ur Monthly Magazine for 
 A n Hi Hi I\ “ live ” Photographers. 
 
 $1.50 a year 
 
 FRANK V. CHAMBERS, Publisher 
 
 210-216 N. Thirteenth St. :: :: PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
 Ask for sample copy 
 
 The 
 
 Platinotype 
 
 ^-Satista 
 
 Papers 
 
 Send for Sample Print and 
 information 
 
 WILLIS & CLEMENTS 
 
 Philadelphia 
 
 JUST A FEW COPIES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PROCEEDINGS 
 
 CAN BE O B T A I N E D 
 AT ONE DOLLAR EACH 
 FROM THE TREASURER 
 
 L. A. DOZER 
 
 BUCYRUS :: OHIO 
 
The Standard of the Photographers’ 
 Association for the past twenty years 
 
 AT YOUR DEALER S 
 
 G. GENNERT 
 
 24-26 East 13th Street 
 NEW YORK 
 
 820 S. W abash Ave. (582 Mission St. 
 
 CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO 
 
WHO’S WHO? 
 and WHY? 
 
 The CENTRAL is the NEW 
 DRY PLATE COMPANY 
 that appeared on the PHOTO- 
 GRAPHIC Horizon a little 
 oevr three years ago, taking 
 rank with the BEST in an 
 almost Incredible short space 
 of time. WHY? A careful 
 test of CENTRALS will give 
 you the answer. 
 
 Central Dry Plate Co. 
 
 ST. LOUIS, MO. 
 
 N. B. — Write for Dark Room Pointers and description of our 
 
 various brands. 
 
THEY 
 
 ARE BEING 
 USED IN MANY 
 OF THE 
 LEADING 
 STUDIOS 
 AND BY 
 THE BEST 
 WORKERS 
 IN EVERY 
 BRANCH 
 OF 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHY 
 
 Copyright Harris & Ewing Series II Velostigmat 
 
 SERIES II VELOSTIGMAT, F:4.5 — The ideal Studio Objective. A Rapid Anastigmat 
 
 with diffusion attachment. 
 
 VITAX, F:3.8 — The Portrait Lens supreme — having diffusion knob, it is excellent for 
 groups, etc., as well. 
 
 VERITO DIFFUSED FOCUS, F:4 — The totally different objective for those natural, artistic, 
 real and pleasing photos. The “human eye” of photography. 
 
 VESTA, F:5 -A moderate priced Studio Lens. 
 
 SERIES III VELOSTIGMAT, F:9.5 -High Speed, Wide Angle Lens, for commercial and 
 banquet flashlight work. 
 
 Send tor Catalogue describing complete line. 
 
 O jd 1 1 c. l C o vn jp> «a 11 
 
 /ro CHEST ER NEW V O R, KL 
 
Think of Cyko 
 and you think of 
 photographic success 
 
 T 
 
 Most of the prize-winning pictures are 
 made on CYKO. 
 
 HE successful photographers are 
 users of CYKO. 
 
 The cheap amateur finisher who uses cheap 
 papers, always keeps a little C Y KO on hand 
 lor the customer “who knows.” 
 
 The manufacturers of C\ KO have won out 
 against big odds in everything they have 
 undertaken: 
 
 In making the best photo print- 
 ing mediums. 
 
 In constructing the best cameras. 
 
 In producing the best film, and 
 in protecting the inventor trom 
 film substitutes that have in- 
 fringed his rights. 
 
 To think of CYKO is to think of success, of 
 right against might, of the triumph of 
 justice, and to think right is to do right. 
 
 Ansco Company 
 
 Binghamton, N. Y. 
 
LENS EFFICIENCY 
 
 is ability to cover a large field in proportion to focal length. 
 The test of efficiency is ability to make large size standing 
 figures and groups right up to the limit of listed size of lens. 
 
 is the most efficient lens ever offered to the studio man. Its 
 speed is available whenever dark days demand. The fiat field 
 adapts it to standing figure and group work at large apertures. 
 
 No. 18 — The best lens for home portraits, 12-inch focus - $139.50 
 
 No. 18a— The ideal studio lens, 14%-inch focus ------- 180.00 
 
 No. 19 —The lens for 11x14 work, 1 5 ' -inch focus ------ 217.00 
 
 Save spoiling plates by movement of subject. Buy your efficiency 
 in the lens. Try a lens yourself. Ask your dealer or write us. 
 
 Bausch £/ Ipmb Optical (5. 
 
 NEW YORK WASHINGTON CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO 
 
 LONDON ROCHESTER, N. Y. Frankfort 
 
Do You Ever Think 
 
 of the reason the pictures by acknowledged 
 leaders in photography always show such delicate 
 gradation of tone values — such smooth shadows, 
 delicate detail and general chemical excellence ? 
 
 THEY USE 
 
 CRAMER 
 
 PLATES 
 
 THIS IS NOT ‘ADVERTISING’’ 
 
 IT IS FACT 
 
 40 
 
 G. Cramer Dry Plate Co. 
 
 ST. LOUIS, MO. 
 
Wide Range of 
 Color Sensitiveness 
 
 and chemical perfection that insures high 
 speed and great latitude of exposure, make 
 
 Hammer 
 
 Orthochromatic Plates 
 
 Ideal Plates for the varying and uncertain 
 values of Spring. Hammer’s Special 
 Extra Fast (red label) and Extra Fast 
 (blue label) Plates are recognized standards. 
 
 Hammer’s little hook, “A Short Talk on 
 Negative Making,” mailed free. 
 
 H ammer Dry Plate Company 
 
 Ohio Avenue and Miami Street, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
Our 1914 Seasons Styles 
 
 Will add the selling point to your good grade 
 Fall and Holiday Portraits — specially made, 
 all rag stocks in beautiful photographic shades 
 — original designs — for popular sized prints. 
 
 The Kind that Insures a Profitable Season. 
 
 OUR SPECIAL FALL OFFER FOR $1.00 
 
 Will bring you a set of our latest styles and a set 
 of latest show case ad cards — all ready to take 
 orders from at the Reception Room sales desk. 
 
 TAPRELL, LOOMIS & COMPANY 
 
 Eastman Kodak Co. 
 
 CHICAGO, IT. S. A. 
 
 THE LEADING CARD NOVELTY HOUSE OF AMERICA. 
 
ASK 
 YOUR 
 DEALER 
 
 TO GET 
 
 YOU 
 
 ON 
 
 Ten Days’ 
 Trial 
 
 A 
 
 = <2>0E RZ = 
 PORTRAIT HYPAR 
 
 T he hypar is not a semi -corrected lens, useful only for “ post- 
 impressionist ” studies, but a GOERZ PORTRAIT ANASTIGMAT. 
 It excels the older types of portrait lenses in speed, covering power and freedom 
 from fog-producing coma and internal reflections; and it differs from all general- 
 purpose anastigmats in delicate softness of definition — the hall-mark of 
 artistic portraiture. 
 
 Catalog and sample print on request 
 
 C. P. GOERZ AMERICAN OPTICAL COMPANY 
 
 Office and Factory: 317 East 34th Street, New York City 
 
 Dealers’ Distributing Agents West of Ohio— BURKE & JAMES, Inc., Chicago 
 
Where there is an advantage in using a non-halation 
 plate — there is a greater advantage in using 
 
 EASTMAN 
 PORTRAIT FILMS 
 
 For Studio, Home Portrait 
 or Commercial Work 
 
 Portrait Films are non-halation in a greater degree than 
 any plate, and in addition have all the speed and quality of the 
 hest portrait plate made, the Seed Gilt Edge 30. 
 
 All the snappy lights and gradations of white draperies, so 
 often destroyed by halation, are preserved in the negative made 
 on Portrait Film. Tn home portraiture, negatives may he made 
 directly against a window without showing halation, while in 
 commercial work there are numberless instances where film 
 results are superior to those of plates. 
 
 The light, flexible, unbreakable film base also reduces 
 weight, prevents loss and facilitates handling and storing. 
 
 May be retouched or etched on either side or on hath sides. 
 
 No special skill required for manipulation. Listed: 5 x 7, 
 6]h x Hlh, 8x10, 11x14. 
 
 PRICE -SAME AS SEED 30 PLATES. 
 
 Special illustrated circular at your dealers or by mail. 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
The condition of your Chemicals 
 in hot weather is of the 
 greatest importance. 
 
 Eastman Tested Chemicals are of cer- 
 tain strength, action and purity, are packed 
 in air-tight, damp-proof containers, and 
 are stamped with the mark of approval of 
 our chemical experts. 
 
 Our interest in your results warrants 
 such painstaking care in the preparation 
 of these chemicals for your use. 
 
 They cost no more . 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
 All Dealers. 
 
If you are satisfied with a negative that 
 merely looks good, there are a number of 
 developing agents— if you wish the best 
 printing quality, regardless of looks, there 
 is but one — Pyro. 
 
 Buy it in its most convenient 
 form — crystals. 
 
 EASTMAN 
 PERMANENT 
 CRYSTAL 
 PYRO 
 
 Is easy to handle — 
 gives off no dust — 
 stays where you put it. 
 
 Specify Eastman Permanent Crystal 
 Pyro in your next order . 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
 All Dealers. 
 
The perfect developing agent y 
 
 ELON 
 
 In combination with Hydro- 
 chinon, Elon retains in the 
 print all the delicate gradation 
 and modeling of a perfect neg- 
 ative, together with brilliancy 
 and warmth of tone. Elon has 
 excellent keeping quality in 
 solution — does not deteriorate 
 rapidly in developing. 
 
 Specify ELON — your dealer 
 can supply you. 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
 All Dealer's. 
 
PLATES 
 
 SEED 
 
 it is th e same Seed quality, based on years of 
 uniform excellence in the Seed product, that has 
 raised the Seed standard a step higher to a plate 
 of greater speed and utility. 
 
 Seed 30 Gilt Edge Plates combine exceptional 
 speed with those essential points of excellence 
 which lor years have made Seed 27 Gilt Edge the 
 standard of quality in portrait plates. 
 
 U se Seed 30 Gilt Edge Plates for portraiture 
 and secure the best results under all conditions. 
 
 
 Seed Dry Plate Division, 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 
 All dealers. 
 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
The distinctive character of the print on 
 
 EASTMAN 
 
 PLATINUM 
 
 Leaves no uncertainty as to its worth. Its 
 texture, tone and general effect combine to 
 give it the richness and quality of a rare 
 old etching. And such quality is appre- 
 ciated by those very customers who can 
 afford the best. 
 
 Warm black prints with cold bath 
 on IP. h — rich Sepias with hot bath 
 on . 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
 All Dealer’s. 
 
y\ 
 
 EASTMAN VIEW CAMERAS, No. i and No. 2 
 Improved Mode/s of Empire State and 
 Century View Cameras. 
 
 Our many years experience in the manufacture of View Cameras has been concen- 
 trated in producing the Eastman View Camera in two models which combine every 
 possible convenience of practical value. Special attention is called to the Complete 
 Outfits, which offer unusual value for so small an outlay. 
 
 The Eastman View Camera No. i is the most substantial, convenient and reliable 
 camera on the market, for the money. The mission finish of the wood is both pleasing 
 and novel and in perfect harmony with the black bellows and oxidized metal parts. 
 
 The camera has double extension, front and back focus, rising front with rack and pinion, 
 large front board, double swing back, reversible back with vertical cut-off board for making 
 two negatives on one plate, automatic bellows support and carrying case accommodating 
 camera, six plate holders and tripod. 
 
 The Eastman View Camera No. 2 combines every adjustment of practical value, 
 with strength, rigidity and handsomeness of design. The camera proper is of solid 
 mahogany, hand-finished, the extensions being of cherry for its greater strength. 
 
 The extensions are extra heavy, standards large and rigid, corners dovetailed and rein- 
 forced with brass, front board is large and rising and falling front, vertical and horizontal 
 swings and front and back focus are all actuated by rack and pinion. The back may be 
 racked as close to the front as desired, a sliding tripod block permits placing the center of 
 weight directly over tripod head, the back is reversible and both horizontal and vertical cut-out 
 boards are supplied. 
 
 The bellows, of genuine leather, has automatic support to prevent sagging, extensions are 
 firmly locked by quarter turn of a key, while two clamp catches insure rigidity. All nuts con- 
 trolling adjustments are on right side — binding nuts on left. The canvas case accommodates 
 camera, six holders and tripod. 
 
 This is undoubtedly the most efficient, as well as the handsomest camera of the 
 kind ever placed on the market. 
 
 
 THE PRICE 
 
 
 6K x m. 
 
 8 X 10 
 
 
 5x7 
 
 Eastman View Camera 
 
 No. 1, with case and holder. 
 
 $19.00 
 
 $21.00 
 
 $23.00 
 
 “ 
 
 “ 2, 
 
 25.00 
 
 28.00 
 
 30.00 
 
 “ 
 
 “ 1, Complete Outfit*, 
 
 34.00 
 
 43.00 
 
 51.00 
 
 •• 
 
 “ 2, “ “ *, 
 
 40.00 
 
 50.00 
 
 58.00 
 
 Complete Outfit No. 
 
 1, with Rectigraphic instead of 
 
 
 
 
 Symmetrical lens, 
 
 45.00 
 
 55.00 
 
 65.00 
 
 Complete Outfit No, 
 
 2, with Rectigraphic instead of 
 
 
 
 
 Symmetrical lens. 
 
 51.00 
 
 62.00 
 
 72.00 
 
 * Eastman View Complete Outfits include : Camera, Symmetrical 1 
 
 ens, Doub 
 
 le Valve Auto I 
 
 shutter, sii 
 
 Plate Holders, Combination Tripod, R. O. C. Focusing 1 Cloth and Case to hold complete outfit. 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 
 All Dealers. ROCHESTER. N. Y. 
 

 
 
 90 - 863 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
The paper without a 
 disappointment. 
 
 ARTURA DIVISION, 
 
 EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 
 
 ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
 
 All Dtaler' t.