- l^rr^ /w / */{,. V£ />r<$e \<\a Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from Research Library, The Getty Research Institute http://www.archive.org/details/antiquitatesceltOOjohn ANTIQUITATES Celto-NormannicjE, CONTAINING THE CHRONICLE OF #f*f#r-AHD THE Sr^jQStf, ABRIDGED BY CAMDEN, AND NOW FIRST PUBLISHED, COMPLETE, FROM THE ORIGINAL MS. IN THE BRITISH MUS/EUM; WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION, AND NOTES. TO WHICH ARE ADDED Extra£ta from the Annals of Ulster, and Sir J. Warts antiquities of Ireland: British topography by Ptolemy , Richard of Cirencester , the Geographer o£ Ravenna, and Andrew Bishop of Cathnefs : together with accurate catalogues of the Pi&ish and Scottish Kings. BY The Rev. JAMES JOHNSTONE, A. M. Rector of Maghj>ra-cross; and member of the Royal Societies of Edinburgh and Copenhagen, Printed by^i ng. Frid. Stein at Copenhagen, MDCCLXXXVI. TO THE RIGHT REVEREND JOHN HOT HAM d. d. LORD BISHOP OF CLOGHER AS A TESTIMONY OF GRATITUDE D. D. D. MDCCLXXXVI. CHRONICON MANNIiE. AD LECTOREM ADMONITIO. A. aliorum auctorit2S in chronologia Mannis ante oculos ponitur. C. circiter dsnotat. L. autem, le;;e. F. Nostram hie & illic conjeihiram in medio proponimus. Mi l-e&iones , Codicis membranei qvem secuti fuimus , marginales indicat , alia & manu & a:vi seqvioris inseitae. ( } Rasas denotat aliquot lireras & voces, (jve, ut artis diplomatics amatores dicere solent, rescripts fucrunt ab aliqvo ignoto, in MS. CHRONICON Incipiunt Chronica Regum MANNLE , & INSULA- RUM ; & Episcoporum ; & qvorundam Regum ANGLIC, SCOTI^E, NORWEGIjE. Anno ab incarnatione Domini M. Rex Cnutus filius * Siourt , totius Anglia, suscepit imperiuVn. Postea , occiso Edtvino & Clitoite germanis Regis Edmundi, & filios Regis ejusdem Edmundum upon the declivity devexo montis supercilio, qvi vocatur Scacafel. of the mountain ScacafeL At sun- rise the Orto lucis sidere, Mannenser consrruxerunt Manks drew up their troops, and attacked aciem suam, & magno impetu facto, congressi Godred with great fury. During the heat of sunt cum Godredo. Cumqve pugna vehemens the engagement, the three hundred men, issuing from esset , trecenti viri , surgentes de insidiarum an ambuscade , in the rear , galled the Manks, loco a tergo , Manncnses debilitare coeperunt v and obliged them to give ground. The Manks & in fugam compellere. Cum autem vidis- seeing tlemselies over power d ,. losing all hopes sent se superatos,. nee aliqvem diffugii sibl of a retreat, as it was full tide in the harbour locum patere; nam reuma maris Ramso amnis of Ramso and the enemy at their heels, with alveuin impleverat, & hoftes ex altera parte pitiful cries begged of Godred to spare their constanter perseqventes, qvi tunc remanserant, liver. He , moved with compassion, and com- clamore miserabili , postulabant a Godredo miserating the situation of a people among whom ritam sibi donari. llle autem flexus miferi- he had been educated, called off his forces , and cordia, & miserans calainitatem eorum , qvi put an end to the pursuit. On tbe following apud ipsos per aliqvod tempus nutrittrs fuerat, day , Godred gave his troops the option of revocavit exercitum, (Scprohibuit ne eos diutius dividing the isle of Man among them for an in- perseqverentur ; Godredus seqvente die optio- heritance ; or of pillaging it,, and returnin «tm exercitui suo dedit^ut si mallent Manniam. home.. They chose to plunder the country,. inter se dividere, & in ea habirare, vel tot cunSam substantianr terrs accipere , & ad pro- s CI! RON ICON M A N N I JE, propria reineare, Illis autem magis placuit totam insulam vastare, & de bonis illius ditari, & sic ad propria reverti. Godredus autem cum paucis, qvi secum remanserant de insu- lanis , australem partem insula: , & reliqvis Mannensium aqvilonarein tali pacto concessit, at nemo corum aliqvando auderet jure hire- ditario sibi aliqvam terra: partem ufurpare. Unde accidie ut usqve in hodiernum diem tora insula solius Regis sit, & omnis reditus ejus ad ipsum pertineat. c. 1068 Igitur Godredus subjugavit sibi Dubliniam & magnam paitem de Layneftir. Scotot vero ita perdomuit, ut nullus qvi fabricaret navem vel scapham , ausus esset plusqvam tres clavos inserere. Regnavit autem sexdecem annos & c. 1C87 mortuus est in insula, qvae vocatur Yle. Reliquit sane tres filios, Lagmannum, Haraldnm, & Olavum. Lagmannus major natu, regnum arripiens, septem annos regnavit. Rebellavit autem contra eum Haraldus frater ejus multo tempore. Sed tandem captus a Lagmanno , genitalibus & ocufis privatus eft. Poft hie, Lagmannus poenitens, qvod fratris sui oculos eruisset, sponte regnum suum dimisit, & signo c. 1C96 Crucis Dominica: insignitus , iter Hierofoly- mhtiuum airipuit, qvo & mortuus eft. a. IC93 MLXXIII. Occisus est Malcolmus Rex Scotia ab Anglis, cui successit Dtmcanut. Eodem anno obiit pia: memoria: Margareta Regina Scotia, MLXXV. Omnes proceres insularum sudientes mortem Lagmanni, miserunt legatos ad Murecardum O-Bricn Regem Hibernia , postulsntes ut aliqvem virum industriuin de rearali to enrich. themselves with the booty, and then retire. Godred, however, distributed to such of the Islanders as remained with him the southern fart of the islandf and the northern division to the natives, on condition, that no one whatever should attempt the establishment of a hereditary claim to any part of the land. Hence it comes, that, to this day, the property of the whole island is vested in the Sovereign, and all its revenues belong to him alone. Godred subdued Dublin , with a conside- rnhle portion o/Leinfter, and, besides, humbled the Scotch , to such a degree , that no ship- builder durst use above three bolts in any vessel. He reigned sixteen years, and died in the isle of Ila, leaving three sous, Lag-man, Harald, and Olave. Lag -man the eldest, mounting the throne, reigned seven years. His brother Harald continued , long , in rebellion against him. At last he was taken, and, after having his eyesx put out, was emasculated. Lag -man, after- wards , repenting of his cruelty towards his Brother, spontaneously resigned the sceptre, and set out on a pilgrimage to Jerufalein where he died. 1073. Maol-Colm, the Scottish King, was slain by the English ; and was succeeded by Duncan. This year the Queen of Scotland, famed for her piety, also, died. 1075. The Nobility nf the isles, bearing of Lag- man's death, sent commissioners to Muircheard O-Brian King of Ireland requesting him , to send them some worthy person , of the royal CHRONICON M A N N I JE. regali stirpe in regem eis mitteret , donee Olavus filius Godredi cresceret. Annuit eis Rex libentissime , & qvendam Domnaldtm filium Tiidte ad eos misit , monens & pi£- cipiens ei, ut cum omni benignitate & mo- destia regnum , qvod sibi non debebatur, gubernaret. Sed ille postqvam ad regnum peivenit, parvi pendens pncepta sui domini, cum magna tvrannide abufus est regno, & mukis sceleribus perpetratis , tribus annis enormiter regnavk. Tunc omnes principes Insularum una conspiratione commoti, adver- IUS euin congregati sunt, & expulerimt a finibus suis. Ille autem fugiens ad Hiber- niam, non est ultra reversus ad eos. MLXXVIL Quidam Ingetnnndus missus es" a Rege Norvegia , ut regnum infulaium arriperet. Cumqve ad insulam Leodus perve- nisset, misit nuncios ad omnes principes in- sularum prscipiens cuncHs in unum conveni- rent, & constituerent eum regem. Interim Veio ipse cum sociis suis rapinis & comessa- tionibus vacabat , mulierum & puellarum pudicitiam violabat, & ceteris voluptatibus & carnis illecebris operam dabat. Cumqve hare nunciata fuissent ( principibus insularum, jam in unum ad constituendum eum Regem con- gregatis, nimio succensi furore, domum in qva erat, combusserunt, & eum cum omnibus suis partim ferro, partim fiammis extinxerunt. MXCVIII. Fundata est Abbatia Star. Maria Cistertii. Amiochia a Christians capta est, & cometa apparuit. Cometa est Stella, qva;, non omni tempore, sed maxime autem in obitu Regis , aut in excidio Religionis B appa- royal family , who might act as Regent till the son ofGodved was of age to govern. The King willingly assenting, nominated Donald Mc'Tade to tic office, and ordered him to rule a country which was not his own, with all possible bounty, and moderation. He however , finding himself possessed of the reins of goverment, disregarded, the injunctions of his superior ; he behaved most tyrannically, and his despotism was aggravated. by the perpetration of many atrocious crimes. At length, the Hebridian chieftains, entering into a general association, collected their followers, and expelled him from the island. 1077. One Ingemund was then sent, by the King of Norway to fill the throne of the isles; and, on his arrival at the Lewes, he sent messengers to all the insular nobility, ordering them to hold an assembly, and nominate him King, In the mean while, he, and his retainers, spent the time in rapine , and revelling. They violated virgins and matrons, and gave themsel- ves up to every sensual gratification and enjoy- went. The Princes of the isles, already assembled for the election, wzre enraged at these enormities. During the night , they set fire to the house where he lodged ; and either burnt or slew him and all bis dependants. 1098- The Cistertian abbey of St. "Mat f was founded. Antiochia was taken; and tl comet was observed. A comet is a meteor which does not regularly appear, but only before the death of a king, or the downfal of religion. In 10 CHR0N1C0N M A N N 1 JE. apparet, Eodem anno commissum est pra;- lium inter Mannenses spud Santwat , & aqui- lonares vicroriam obtinuerunt. In qvo bello occisi sunt Otter Comes , & Macmaras prin- cipes ambarum partium. Eodem anno Magnus Rex "Norve'gitt filius Olavi filii Haralii Harfagre , volens explorare incorruptionem St. Olavi Regis & martyris, pr.tcepit ut ejus mausolium sibi aperiretur. Episcopo autem & Clero resistente, ipse Rex audacler accessit , & vi regia aperiri sibi scrinium fecit. Cumqve & oculis vidisset, eGalIoway- men so effectually that he obliged them to cut down timber ; carry it to the shore; and fix it on his entrenchments. He made an expedition to Anglesey in Wales , where he found Hugh Earl o/Chester, and Hugh Earl ((/"Shrewsbury. One of them he killed; routed the other ; and subdued the island. He raised great contri- butions in Wales, and , leaving it, returned to Man. He sent Muirchcard King of Ireland his shoes , with orders to cany them through the middle nf his Palace on Christmas day, and to, do it in presence of tie Norwegian messen- gers , that he might feel to what a degree he was at the mercy of King Magnus. On g this the Irish were greatly offended; and exasperated at the insult. The Sovereign, however, more prudent than bis subjects, said, "I will not only carry the shoes, but even eat "them, rather than that Magnus should destroy ' any province of Ireland " He, therefore, did what was enjoined him; he paid every attention to the Envoys ; sent many presents to Magnus ; and proposed a treaty. The messengers, retur- ning to their Sovereign, expatiated on the delight- ful situation o/ Ireland; its fertility in grain; and the salubrity of the climate. On learning this, Magnus, thought of nothing but how be might subjugate Ireland. He ordered his fleet to be assembled. He sailed , in person , with sixteen galleys to reconnoitre the coast, but, leaving his ships , & going carelessly a shore, be was suddenly surrounded by the Irish and cut off' with almost all his followers. He was MSS. buried in the Church of St. Patrick at Cluain. He 12 CHRONICON M A N N J JE> ihsularum sex annis. Qvo mortuo, miserunt Principes insularura propter Olavum {ilium Godredi, (Crouan) de qvo snperius menrionem fecimns, qvi tunc ttmporis degebat in curia Henrici Regis Anglia fiiii Wilhelmi , & ad- duxerunt eum. MC1I. Olavus Alius Godredi Crouan cepit regnare super omnes insulas , regnavit- qve XL annis. Erat autem vir pacificus , ha- buitqve omnes Reges Hybernia, & Scotia, ita sibi confoederatos, ur nullus auderet pertubare regnum insularum omnibus diebus ejus. Accepir autem uxorem Afrecam nomine filiam Fergusii de Gahvedia de qva genuit Godredum. Habuit & concubinas plures, de qvibus Alios tres scilicet Reignaldum, Lazmannum & Haral- dum, & Alias multas generavit, qvarum una nupsit Sumerlido regulo Her -Ergaidel , qvi fuit causa ruina? totius regni insularum. Genuit namqve ex ea filios IV. Dubgallum, Raignaldum, Engus (k Olavum, de qvibus latius in seqventibus dicemus. MCXII. Funda-ta est Abbatia Stac. Marias Saviniensis. MCXXYI. Obiit Alexander Rex Scotia, cni successit David frater ejus. Eodem anno fundata est Abbatia St£. Maria de Fumes. MCXXXTI!. Fundata eft Abbatia St* Maria Rievallensis. Eodem anno , Eclipsis solis facta est qvarto Nonas Augusti, feria Wed- qvat ta , ita ur. dies in noctem verteretur, r.esday ,. .. Angt,s. ahqvamdiu. MCXXXIV.. He reigned over the Isles six years. After his decease, the Princes of the isles sent for Olave, the son of Godred Cronan whom we lave already mentioned. At that time he lived at the Court of Henry King of England; and from thence they conducted him home. Jioi. Olave the son of Godred Cronan, began his reign over all the western isles, and ruled them forty years. He was a Prince of a pacific disposition ; and lived in so close a confederacy with the King- of Scotland, and Ireland, that none durst disturb the tranquillity of the isles while he lived. His Ojtecn was Afreca , the daughter of Fergus Prince of Galloway. She was mother to Godred fie Black. He also kept many concubines by whom he had three sons Ronald, Law-man, and Haraldj together with many daughters. One of his daughters was married to Sumir-lid Prince of Argyle, winch proved the ruin of the monarchy of the isles ; for she bore to him four jo«;Dubh- Gal, Ronald, Aongu?, and Olave, of whom we shall have occasion to speak in the sequel, II 12. St. Marys Abbey at Savigny was founded. 1 125. Alexander King of Scotland died, aud left the crown to bis brother David. This year the Abbey of St. Mary at Fur-nefs was founded. 1 133. The Abbey of St. Mary of Rieval was founded. The same autumn . so great an eclipse of the sun happened, on the fourth of the nones of * August and the fourth feria, that, for some time, the day seemed turned inte flight. 1134- CHRONICON M A N N 1 JE. n MCXXXIV. Fundata est Abbatia Stir. Maria de Cnldra. Eodem anno Olavus Rex dedic Yvoni Abbati de Fumes partem ternr jus in Mannia ad Abbatiam coiisrituendam, in loco qvi vocatur Russia; deditqve ecclesiis insularum terras, & libertates; & erat circa cultum divinuin devotus& fervidus, tarn DEO qvam hominibus acceptabilis , propter qvod plus isti domestico vicio Regum indulgebant. MCXXXVI. Obiit Henricns Rex Anglia, & Stephanus Comes Bolonia, nepos ejus suc- cessit in Regnum, 6c in die coronationis sux, ad Missara oblita est pax dari populo. MCXXXIX. Fundata est Abbatia Sta?. Maria de Mirfros. Eodem anno commissum est btllum de Sttintlarath inter Anglos & ScotoS) & Scoti • vicli fugerur.t, (MCXL) Obiit Stus. Malacbias episcopus & legatus Yliernia apud Claram-Faliem, fepul- tusqve est in oratorio Beats virginis Maria in qvo sibi bene complacuir, (MCXLI) Fundata est Abbatia Stir. Maria de Holm-Cohran. (MCXLII) Godredus filius Glavi trans- fretat ad Regem Norvegia , cui nomen erat Ingo, & hominium suum ei fecit, & moratus est apud euin, honorifiee susceptus ab eo. Eodem anno tres filii Harahli fratris Olnvi, qvi nutriti fuerant apud Dubliniam, con- grcgantes magnam turbam hominum, (Scomnes profbgos regis, venerunt ad Mantiiam postu- lates ab codsm Rege medictatem totius Regni B msn- 1134. The Abbey of St. Mary of, Caldrfl ■was founded. This year King Olave gave to Ivo Abbot of Fur-nefs a portion of bis lauds in Man, to found a Monastery at a place called Russin; and to otber churches in the isles lands end privileges. He was in religious matters devout; and zealous for the honour of GOD. His subjects, therefore, respected him, and made alloroani.es for the domejlic foibles of their Prince. II35- Henry King qfEngland died; and his nephew Stephen Earl of Boulogne mounted the throne. At Mafs, on the day of his coro- nation, by some mistake, the peace of GOD was forgotten to be pronounced over the people. 1139. The Abbey of St. Mary, at Maol- 10s , was founded. Tins same year the battle of the Standard was fought, benvcen the Er\g\\s\\ and the Scotch. The Scotch were worsted, and routed. 1 140. St. Maol-Madoch an Irish Bishop, and Legate, died at Clara-vallis; and, according, to his previous request , was interred in the Oratory of the Blessed Virgin Mary. 1 141. The Abbey of St. Mary at Holm- cultram was founded. TI42. Gbdred Olaveson passed over to Ingui King of Norway, did homage to him, and, being well received, continued, some time at his Court. That year the three sons of 'Harald, brother to Olave, and who bad been educated at Dublin, assembling a great multitude, and particularly of such as had been banished , came to Man, insisting that King Olave should give them half of *4 CHRONICON M A N N 1 J£. insularum sibi dari. Rex autem cum audisset, placare eos volens, respondet super hoc con- silium se habiturum; cumqve diem 6c locum ■constituissent, ubi concilium hnberi debuisset, interim illi neqvissimi de morte regis inter se tractabant. Constituta autem die convenerunt utra?qve partes in portu , qvi vocatur Ratnsa : sedcruntqve seriatim rex cum suis ex una parte, illi una cum suis ex altera. Regnaldus autem medianus fuerat, qvi eum percussurus erat, stabat seorsim loqvens cum qvodam viro de principibus terra?. Cumqve vocatus venisset ad Regem ; vertens se ad eum , qvasi salutans eum, securim fulgentem in altum levavit, & caput Regis uno ictu amputavit. Perpetrato autem tanto fcelere statim terram diviserunt inter se. Paucis diebus transacts, congregata clafle, transfretaverunt ad Galwediam, volentes sibi subjugare. Gahvedienses autem conglo- bati & magno impetu facto , congressi sunt cum eis. Illi statim terga vertentes, fugerunt cum magna confusione ad Manninm, oinnesqve Gahvedienses , qvi in ea habitabant, qvosdam jugulaverunt, alios expulerunt. of the isles. The King , having heard their demands, and wishing to pacify them, answered, " That he would take the affair into eonside- "ration;" He appointed both a time and place for 'adjusting the businefs ; but, in the mean time, they villainously laid a plot for his assas- sination. On the day appointed, the two parties met at the harbour of Rams-o, and sat down in lines ; the King, with his retinue, on one side; and they , with their followers, on the other. Ronald, who was to give the fatal blow , stood in the middle talking to one of the insular chieftains. Being summoned to appear before the King he turned about, as if to salute him, and with one stroke of his gleaming battle-ax severed the Kings head from his body. On the perpetration of this crime, the murderers divided the island among them ; and, a few days after, collecting a fleet they snlcdfor Galloway intending to make a conquest of that province. The Galloway -men, formed in a circle, and appeared eager for the combat. The enemy perceiving this fled, in great confusion, to Man; and cither massacred or expelled all the Gallo- vidians they found in the Island. "*• "S3 MCXLIII. Obiit beatx memoricc Bernar- dus primus Abbas Clarevallensis. Eodem anno obiir David Rex Scotia, cui successit Malcolm qs ejus , more regio in Regem sublimatus. In proximo anno occisus est OlaviusRex, sicut supra diximus, in die sanclorum apostolorum Petri 6c Pauli. In proximo autuinno venit Godredus filius ejus de Norvegia cum qvinqve navi- 1143. St. Bernard, of pious memory, first Abbot of Claravallis died. David king of Scotland also departed this life, and was sue ceeded by bis grandson Maol - Colm, who was inaugurated with regal pomp. During the foregoing year, king 0\a\e, as we have already mentioned , was kitted on the festival of the apostles St. Peter and St, Paul; and, in the succeeding autumn Godrcd bis son , coming from Nor- CHRONICON M A N N I JE. ij novibus , & applicuit apud Oroides. Omnes autem Principes insularum , audicntes eum venisse , gavisi sunt; &, convenientes in unuiTi, ipjum unanimiter elegerunt sibi Regem. Godredus igitur ad Manniam veniens tres filios Haraldi comprehendit : & in ultionem Patris sui digna morte mulravit, Fertur autem, qvod duorum oculos eruit, & unum occidit. * (MCXLI V) Coepit regnare Godredus & XXXIII. aiinis regnavit de qvo inulta memoris digna narrari potuissent, qvae nos brevitatis causa omisimus. Tertio anno regni sui , miserunt propter ilium Dublinenses, ut regna- ret super se. Qvi , collecta navium multitu- dine, & copioso exercitu, Dubliniam venit, & gratanter a civibus cum magno tripudio susceptus est. Paucis vero diebus interjectis, communi consilio & consensu, eum in Regem sublimarunt. Qvod cum audisset Murcardus Rex Ybernix , collecta imiumerabili multitu- dine Htbernensium , properavit versus Dubli- itiam , ut Gudrcdum expelleret & earn sibi subjugaret. Cum venisset prope civita em qvx vocatur * Cortcelis, ibidem, fixis tentoriis, permansit. Crastino die, elegit tria millia eqvitum sibi, qvibus prifecit fratrcm suuin co-utrerinum nomine * Osiblen, & misit eum cum pra>di£lis eqvitibus ad civitatem ut collo- qvium cum civibus liaberet, simul etiam ut virtutem eorum exploraret. Cum autem ap- propinqvarent civitati, Godredus cum suis, & omnes cives Dubliuia , grandi cum flrepitu exeurrtes, & magno impetu facto, irruerunt in Norway with five ships, landed in the Orkneys. The Princes of the islands , hearing of his arrival, assembled there in a body with great joy; and, unanimously, declared him their sovereign. Godred , thus established in the throne of Man, seized the three sons of Harald ; and, in revenge of his father's death, brought them to condign punishment. It is said that he killed one of them, and put out the eyes of the other two, 1144. Godred having obtained the sceptre f- "54 reigned thirty three years ; and of him we might record many anecdotes, which brevity obliges us to omit. In the third year of his reign, the people of Dublin invited him to he their king. He, immediately, procured a multitude , attacked his squadron with a tremeiiduous shout. They instantly fell upon O'Sbil- i6 CHRONICON M A N N I J£. In eos, & tanto imbre telorum eos debilitate coeperunt, ut continuo eos terga vertere coe- gissent. Osiblen autem frater Regis, cum audaciter resistere conaretur , circumseptus ab hostibus cum multis aliis intciiir. Ceteri beneficio cornipedum evaserunr. Cum ad domum revertissent totam rem ordine ei retu- lerunt. Rex autem cum audisset fratrem suura esse occisum inconsolabili dolore luxit eura, & per nimiam tristitiam przcepit exerciribus suis, ut redirent unusqvisqve ad loca sua. Godredus vero, post paucos dies , reversus est in Manniam, dimisitqve omnes Principes insu- larum redire nd propria. Cumqve vidisset regnuni confirmatum esse sibi, nullumqve ei poste resistere, coepit tyrannidem exercere con- tra principes suos ; nam qvosdam eorum exhireditavit, alios de dignitatibus ejecit, qvo- rum unus nomine Tborfinus Alius Oter, cete- risqve potentior , accessit ad Sumerlidum, <5c postulavit ab eo Dubgallum fllium suum ut constitueret eum Regem super iusulas. Audiens hie Sumerlidus gavisus est valde; & tradidit ei Dubgallum suum filiiun, qvi assumens eum circumduxit per omnes insulas, & subjugavit ei universes , accipiens obsides de singulis. r . r.iul Unus vero Princeps * Patilns nomine clam sun. fuglcns venit ad Godredum , & narravit ei omnia qvse gesta fuerant. Audiens hare Godrcdus consternatus efl: mente, iSc continuo pricepit suis naves pra-pai-are, <5c festinavit ire eis O'Sbillan, with incredible fury, and showered such vollics of missile weapons as galled bis men exceedingly , and obliged tbem to give ground. In this extremity O'Sbillan exerted himself manfully , but was , at last , surrounded and killed with many of his followers. The rest got ojf by the swiftnefs of their horses, and, going heme, carried with them the sad tidings of their mischance. Muircheard received tie news of his brothers death with extreme sor- row ; and so disleartned was he , that he ordered his troops to disperse and return to their Families. Soon after, Godred sailed for Man, and dismissed the Captains who had attended him in the expedition. Being now secure in the kingdom, and seeing none able to oppose bis dictates, be began to grow tyrannical to his troops , and even to bis vassals, some of wbuni he dispossessed , and others he degraded from their dignities. Among these the most powerful was Thorfin the son of Ottar. This Chieftain, therefore, went to Sumer-lid, and requested to have bis son Dubh-Gal that he might set him on the throm of the isles. Sumer-lid gladly embraced the proposal , and delivered up Dubli. Gal to his care. Tborfin, accordingly, took the young prince , and conducting him through the isles , forced the grandees to acknowledge him for their Sovereign, and to give hostages for their allegiance. Paul Balka-Son, a power- ful nobleman , however, thought proper to avoid such engagements. He, immediately , fled to Godred, and acquainted bint with the intended revolution. The intelligence terrified Godred. He, instantly, ordered bis vassals to get ready their CHR0N1C0N M A N N I JR. 17 cis obviaiti. Sumerlidus vcro cam suis col legit classem LXXX naviuin, 65 properavit obviam Godredo. MCLVI. Commissum estnavale prilium inter Godredum & Sumerlidum in nocle Epipha- nii Domini , & magna strages hominuin ex utraqve parte facia eft. Cum , autem , dies illucesseret pacificati sunt; & diviscrunt inter se regnum insularnm, fa£lumqve est Regnum bipartitum a die ilia usqve in przsens tempus; bere. " Qvibus dictis clerici ad sua sunt reversi, post qvorum discessuin coepit tanta multitudo muscarum grandium , & tetrarum circa faciem ejus & ora volitare ut poterant non, nee ipse, nee qvi ei assisterent eas abigere. Sic cum magnis tormentis & cruciatibus , circa sextam diei horam, expiravit. Qvo dcfunclo, tantus terror invasit Sumerlidum, & exercitum ejus, ut statim, accedente maris rheumate , -tf»«n'»H»»dudum Archiepisco- Bishops, was solemnly consecrated by Cardinal pumCarocuviacum est solemniter cum aliis oclo Prsenestino some time Bishop of Cracoviacum. Episcopis consecratus. In festo autem con- On the festival of the conversion of St. VaulA.D. versionis Sti. Pauli A. D. 1376- & suae con- 1376. and in the third year of his consecration, secrationis tertio, in dicta sua ecclesia cathedrali he was solemnly installed in his own cathedral fuit solempniter installatus, maximis oblatio- church, and on the same occasion , at the first nibus dicto die in sua prima missa pontificali episcopal service he performed, he received great acqvisitis offerings * * * * * I. LIMITS OF CHURCH LANDS. L H;rc est divisa inter terrain Regis & This is the line that divides the king's lands Monachorum de Russin, muro & fovea qvae from those belonging to the monastery of Russin. est inter villain castelli & terrain monachorum. It runs along the wail and ditch which is bet- Et circuit per austrum inter pratum moua- ween Castleton and the Monk's Lands ; it chorum & villain M'Akoen; & ascendit per winds to the south between the Monks meadow rivulum inter Gylosen & terrain eorundem and hVEwens farm ; asctnds the tivukt between monachorum & inclinat usqve ad Hentra; & Gylosen and the Monks Lands ; turns to Hen- circuit eandcin terrain de Hentra in the same volmnt nico MANNLE compa&o. with the Chronicle. MCXCVI. ft ilhclmus Rex Scottorum intravit 1196. William, King of Scotland , entered Moravian* ad debetlandum Haroldum Mac- Murray to expel Harold Macmadocli, who had madid, qvi terrain illam occupaverat, sed ante- seized upon that country, but before the King qvam Rex Catanesiam intraverat, Haroldns fugit reached Cathnefs, Harold , unwilling to risk an ad naves suas nolens contra Regcm helium engagement, fled to his ships. The King, there- inire. Tunc misit Rex exercitum suum ad fore, sent his troops to Thurso the residence of Tursehem villain prardicli Ilarolli, & castel- Harald, ami destroyed his castle. Herald seeing lum suum ibidem situm prostravit. Videns that G autem so CHRONICON M A N N I M. autcm Haroldus Rex qvod rex terrain suam ex toto devastaret, venit ad pedes Regis & posuit se in viam ejus, maxime qvia tempcstas sivie- bat in mare, & ventus erat ei contrarius volenti ad Orcadian* insulam ire. Et juravit Kegi, qvod adduceret illi oinnes inimicos suos cum Rex alia vice rediret in Moravian:, & per illam conditionem promisit ei Rex tenere me- dietatem Catanesia. Aliam medietatem Cata- nesia dedit Rex Scotia Haraldo, nepoti Reginald* qvondam Comitis de Orchaneia & Cataneia. Deinde reversus est Rex Scotia in terrain suam, &i Haroldus in Orcadian. Deinde in autumno rediit Rex Scotia in Moravian! usqve ad Nairn. * Innernarran , ut reciperet de Haraldo inimi- cos suos. Qvos cum Haroldus perduxisset usqve ad portuin de Lochloy prope de Inner, tiarran, permisit eos abire; & sero redeunte Rege de venatu, venit ad eum Haraldus ducens secum duos pueros nepotes suos ad tradendum Regi obsides. Et interrogans a Rege ubi erant inimici ejus, qvos tradere debuerat , & ubi esset Torfinnus filius ejus, qvem obsidem dare promiserat ? respondit : "Permisi eos "abire sciens qvod si tradidissem eos vobis "non evaderent manus vestras. Filium autein "meuin non potui, qvia in terra ilia non alius "est lures." Igitur qvia ipse, conventiones qvas fecerat cum Domino Rege non servave- rat, judicatum est eum in captione Regis mansurum, donee filius ejus veniret & obses fieret. Et pro eo qvod ipse permisit inimicos Regis abire, judicatum est terrain qvam ille de Rege tenebat eum demeruisse. Et Rex duxit that tie King was determined, to lay waste hk estates, fas the weather -was tempestuous and the wind did not admit of his returning to the Orkney?,) came and threiv himself at the King's feet. He swore to the King , that the first time his Majesty came to Murray , he would deliver up all his enemies. On these conditions the Scottish monarch promised to give him the half of Cathnefs, and the remainder to Harold the nephew of Ronald formerly Earl of Orkney and Cathnefs. After this, the King of Scotland returned home ; and Harald retired to the Orkneys. In autumn, the Scottish monarch marched through Murray, as far as Nairn , that he might have the satisfaction of receiving lis enemies from Harold. Harald, indeed, brought them as far as the harbour of Lochloy in the neighbourhood o/*Nairn, hut there permitted them to make their escape. The King returned late from a hunting party, and Harold came to him presenting two of his nephews as hostages. On being ashed by the King, where were the enemies that he was to deliver, and what was become of his son who' was to he surrendered as a pledge , he answered "As to the first I have suffered them to escape, "knowing that had 1 put them in thy hands their "punishment would have been inevitable; as to "my son, said he, I could not part with him, for " I have no other heir to my lands. "Since Harald, therefore , hroke the convention which he had made with his sovereign, he was ordered to remain in custody till his son appeared, and surrendered I. imself as a hostage ; for as he had suffered the Kings enemies 10 elope, it was judged cquitabh, that fie should forfeit tin lands which he held of the CHRONICON M A N N I JE. 5i cluxit secum Haraldum usqve castellum Puella- rum, & vincit eum in vinculis donee homines sui de Orcadia adduxerunt filium suuni Thor- f.num. Et tradentes eum Domino Regi obsi- dem libcraverunt Haraldum de captione Regis. Er Haroldus reversus est in Orcadian! , ik ibi mansit in paceer conductum Rogcri&. Rcginnldi Epis.opoiTin Sti. Andrea & Rosmarkyn ; & ob-ulit ei copiam auri & argenti pro Cathaneia rehabenda. Cui Rex respondit qvod terrain illnm ei traderet si uxorem suam filiam Mal- cholmi * Machat dimisisset & priorem sponsnm sr.am sororem Dttucani Comitis de Fyf rcsump- sisset, & tradidisset in obsides Laurentittm G 2 cleri- the same measures, and sailed for Man with the determination to force Harald the elder to a battle. Harald the elder, however, before his antagonist reached Man, steered for the Orkneys ■with his fleet , and slew all whom he found in those Islands. Hearing this, Harald the younger returned to Cathnefs to Wick, and engaged, but in the combat he and all his troops were cut to pieces. After this affair, Harald the elder came under the protection of Roger and Reginald, the Bishops of St. Andrews and Ros-markyn, to the Scottish monarch, and offered him a sum of money to be reestablished in the possession of Cathnefs. To this proposal the King answered, that he would give him a new grant of the county , provided he would divorce his wife the Matlinz. daughter o/Mal-colm, * Mac-Aod,rt/;^ take back his former countefs the daughter of Duncan Earl cf Fife; provided, also, that he mould deli- . * Earl of Murray. In tie chartitlitry of Dunfermlin bis ftther i; culled Head. Malcolm seems to have been brother in law to Somerlid. 52 CHRONICON M A N N I JE. clericum suuin, Hanef, Si filium Ingemundi, deliver up Laurence his chaplain, Hanef, ami qvod Haroldns facere noluit. Venit ergo the son q/'Ingemund. Harai:l, refusing to give Rcginaldus filius Somerlid Rex de Mannia ad his concurrence to these terms, Reginald M'So- Regem Scotia, & emit ab eo Cathanesiam salvo mcrlid King vfSlan went totheSco:t'nh monarch, Regis redditu annuo. and bought the property of all Cathnefs excepting the sovereigns yearly revenues, Transa&io de Regno MANNI./E & INSULARUM, inter serenissimos Reges AL'EXAN- DRUM.III. SCOTIA, & MAGNUM. IV. NORVEGL^. Ex Torfcro. In nomine PATRIS & HLII & SPIRITUS SAN'CTI. Amen. Ut certitudo pra?sentium det veram ac evi- dentem memoriam pntteritorum stern aliter est sciendum , qvod anno gratis MCCLXVF. die Veneris proxima post festum apostolorum Petri & Pauli in ecclesia fratrum prsedicato- rnm apud Per then, inita fuit hie compositio, & finalis concordia, super contentionibus, qverimoniis, damnis & injuriis ac discordiis insularum Mannia 6 498 503, 504 511 5'8 5 = 5 537 550 Cormac to this battle a period intervened 0/206 years. Battle of Ca'h-oha by Murcheard M'Erc, by Fergus M'Cervail Connel Crimthain and by Fiara.had Lonn king o/Dalariads. Machal'J Bishop of Man died. The Scotch say St. Patrick died. St- Patrick Bishop of the Scots died in the 120 year of his age, and the 60, after his arrival in Ireland, to convert the Scots. An eclipse of the sun. * Murdoch M'Erc victorious in battle. M'Erc victorious in battle. The battle in Man by Aodan. Birth of Brude M'Mal-cu. Birth of St. Kiaran. Birth of St. Columba. Death of St. Bridget. Z>flfr/eo/"Cath-lGra. Com-guil M'Doman- Kitig of Scotland died in the 35 year of his rei'/n. The relicks of St. Patrick brought to a shrine , 60 years after his death , by St. Columba. overcame by the prayert of St. Columba. 562. Battle oj Monad-ore-Lothair upon ibeCi-\i- thens by the Scots clan Nial of the North, Baodan M'Cin, with two of t e Cruthens, fought it against the other Cruthens. 569- Gildas died. 573. Battle of Folia flwiForthola in the country of the Picts. Conal M'Comgail died; he it was that gave the isle of A oi (Jona) to St. Columba. 575. Battle of Lora in Kintire where Dunchad M' Connel M' Com-geal fell , together with many of the partizans of Gabran's sons. 576. Battle of Lora according to others. 578. Death of Brude nepotis O'Failge (/. O' Mael-gu). The * * * with Aodan M' Gabhran. Death o/Kenelath King of Picts. War in Man by Aodan M' Gabhran where he was victorious. , War a/ Man according to others. 583. Death of Brude M'Msl-cu King 0/ Picts. 589. Battle o/Leithred by Aodan M'Gabhran. 594- 579- 58i. 58: * His Queens name was Inneanacli. Keating. ** His mother was £arca the daughter of Luare 0/ Scotland. Keatirg, 58 EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. 594. St. Columha died on the 5. of the ides of June aged 76. 594. * Death of Eogain M' Gabliran. 595. Aodhan's sons killed. 605. Death o/Aodban M' Gabhran, f. Do- 608. * Soghnagad M' Gabliran killed. card. 6l2. Battle of Caer -Legion where the saints ■wen massacred; and where Solan M'Conan King of Britons fell. 620. Duncath M' Aongus, Necton M'Canon, and Aod died. 621. Battle of Lindoris. 623. Birth q/~Adomnan , Ahhot q/"Jona. 626. Battle o/ArdCoran; the Dallied* were conquerors. 628- 'Coiniid-Keir King of 'Scotland fell. Ecbad buidhe * * * of the King of Piers by the sons of Aodlian. This is written in the hook o/Cuanach. 630. Battle q/" Islacallc ; and the death of Kined M' Luthren King of Picts. 631. Battle of Cath-loen King of Britons, and Anfiith. 632. Battle of Indrib King of Britons. 634. Battle of Se^aisc where fell Lactna M'Nech- tain M' Foith Cumasgach M' Aongus and Gartnaicb M* Foith. 635. Battle o/Salt re. Caol M' Mel-cov, with the Friends of Donald we>e victorious. 637, War of Glen- m uresan and the siege of Eden. 638- Battle by Oswald King 0/ Saxon*. 639. Battle of Catbracl , im con , Eneasach Jana was victorious. Maold-win M'Aod fed. 640. Mal-colm M' Fergus killed. Death of Brude M' Foith, The siege of Jona, Donald M'Aod (M'Eochod) encamped at Drumnaive. 641. Battle of Offa among the Britont. 642. Battle of Cru con loscoch Jornboidach M' Gartnaicb , Kellach , and Connel Oel, began to reign. 643- Loccni M' Finni King of Cruchne died. 648- W« r between Nechtanus, aud Gartnaich M'Accidan. 649. Birth of Beda. Death of Ferith M' Tra- tbalan. 651. Death of Segain Abbot of Jona, 6j .. Dea h of JDolairg M' Foith King of Picts. 656. Death of Dolairgan mo Anfrith King of Picts. 657- Death of Guiret King o/AIcluoith. 662. Killing of the two sons of Donald M'Aod viz. Conal and Colga. The death of Gartnach M'Donald. 653. An eclipse on the Kal. of May, at 9.6 clock. The battle of Ludo-seim in Fortran i. e. Piaiand. 665. Maldwin Eoch jarlaith King o/Cruthne died. 667. The voyage of the sons of Gartnach to Ireland. 668- * Keating says that when very old the Gael gave Mm the isle of Man* EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. 59 66 ';!• The sons of Garrnach returned from Ire- land. Cuminxus Abbot of Jona died. 669. OiTa /Z'e jo» of Ethelbert dies, 670. Mol-rive j/h'/.c to Britain. 671. Tie expulsion ofi )rust from bis dominions. Ban-gor in Wales is burned. 672. Doniangart son to M'Donald-brec King oyScorlan'.l killed. Constantine sun of the former * Cons-amine *** in the seventeenth year. Failbe Abbot of jona sailed to Ireland. 6j$. Tie son o/Feracbar returns from Ireland, and Con gal M' Maid win. 6j6 A comet appeared in September. 677. little at Calarofs where Donald -breck was conqueror. The death ofDmst the son of Domnel. 673. Death of Failbs Abbot of Jona. The Death of Neftan M'Domnel. 679. A terrible leprosy in Ireland, commonly called Bolga h. 630. Killing of Conal-Caoil M' Duncath in Kintire. The siege o/Dun-Fctbair. 631. The battle of Rath. more at Machlin, ag inst the ** Britons, where fell C&thaso ***M'Maldwin King o/*Crurhne,rt»iUltan tie son o/Du Colla. The Orkneys were desolated. Hi Bruide/. Hebrides *** 633 Death o/Dervorgail. 684. The Saxons plunder tie lands of Bregh and destroy many churches. 68 j. Battle of Drumiieebtan on the 10th. of" May where Egfrid M' OfFa was killed, with a vast number of his men, in the 15 year of his reign. He burnt Tula-aman, Duinolla. Talarg M'Accidan, and Donald- brec M' Eocbaid died. Adomnan released 60 captives and brought them to Ii eland. 638. Death o/Castasindle tiepos 0/ Donald; a partial edipse. 0^9- Foit M' Nechtain died. 691. Theodore Bishop of Briuin died. T e DalrieJsc were plundered by the Cruchnc tmd people of Ulster. 692. BrudeM'Bile A'(»^ o/Fortruin dies. The death of Alpin M* Nechtain. The killing of Ainfith and Pietbnel the sons of Boeno. 693. Death n/Fercbar M'Conad-keir. Dom- nal M'Apin King of, Alucluoith dies, Dun-Forhair besieged. 694. Conmaich Ferchair's queen dies. 696- Taran was banished from his kingdom i. e, Pittland. Fercbar-fad dies. Adamnan went to Jona and gave legem moiientium to the people. The Britons and people of Ulster plundered, Aberuf i. e. the plains of Muvthreimbne. 69J. Battle of Lemnha (f. Aberlemno) where jell Conquar Mac ecba M'Mnldwin, and Aod the tall King of Daleriaid. A war between the Piils and Saxons, in which H 2 the * Constantine a riitish prince wits about this time a monk at Rathan, vii. Keating, p. 397. ** Under their general Gelt *** Jibl duin M'M.tol-firhrich buried Scanlan and Kin-f.iola, two princes of the Irish Piils «f Dnn-keichcTOJ M*oJ-duin's sou Fear-gal beiumc King of Ireland. 6o EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. the son c/Bemith, called Brecha, fell. The burning of Duin-ola. Ainscellach son of Ferchair driven from bis kingdom, and carried in chains to Ireland. 699. Nepos Duncha King o/Dalrieda killed. 700. Duinoula destroyed by Sclvach, 701. Maircach mor Jargalaich nepos Conain killed by the Britons in the island called Inch-mac-nessan. 70a. The battle of Mach-culin between tit grandsons of Necran, the people of Ulster, and the Britons (Welsh), where the son of Rhadgain fell, 703. Adamnan Abbot of Jona died , in the 78 year of bis age. Aldfrid M' Offa the wise King of the Saxons dies, 705. Brude M'Derili died. 707. Killing of Canis-Cuaran (f. Conchobar) King o/Cruchne. 708- War in Leinster where Luirg with the Britons fell. The killing of Conal M' Ferad. 709. Conan M'Failbe Abbot of Jona died. 710. Slaughter of the Pi£b , in the field of Manan among the Saxons, where Finguin M'Delaroith perished, A battle between the Britons and Dalriada at Lougecolcth, where the Biitons were worsted. 711. * Coide Bishop of Jona died. The burning of Fairbert-Bothir. 712. The daughter of Osc (f. Orcha M'Erc M' Echach, died in the convent of Jona. Kinich M'Derili, and the son o/Mathgennan killed. Tholaig M'Drostan is sent to bis irorfo»- Nectan. Dorbene obtained the see of Jona , and, 5 months after , died on Sunday the 5 Kal. of November. 713. Battle near Essie. Dun-ola is rebuilt, by Selvach and destroyed by bis daughter A lena. 715. Easter is changed. Faolan M' Dorbene obtained the see n/"Icolmkill onSunday before the Kal. q/"September, and in the '7j t year of his age. The killing of Didric the son of Osfrith the grandson of Offa. Garnait the son o/Deliroirh died. Duncath M' Cin - Faolan Abbot of Jona died. 716. King Neclan drives the Family of Jona beyond Drum - albin. An engagement be tween Dalriada and the Britons at the rock called Cloch-Mionuire, where the Britons were beaten. 717. Eclipse at the full moon. 718. The killing of Drusten. The battle of Finglen between the two sons of Ferchar fad , in which Ainscellach , was killed on the Thursday preceding the ides of Septem- ber. A bloody battle was fought on the Friday before the nones of September, between Donach-beg King of Kintire, n-itb the clan Javrair (/.Jargael) WSelvach with the clan Lointin (f. Loairn). Selvach was worsted, and some earls slain. 720. Donach-beg King of Kintire dies. 721. Bile M" Elpin King of Alocluoith dies. Feredach (f. M'Engusa) M'ConguIa died. * The Al'lets of Jona, Deny, and Dunkeld art frequently styled Bishops. EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER, 61 723. Faolan M'Dorbene Abbot o/Jona was succeeded in the primacy by Killin-fada. 724. The son of Drust is bound. The moon eclipsed on the ig Kal, of" January. Con- gal M' Marie anfa brec Fortruin died. 725. Nectan M' Derili put in chains by King Drust. Talorgan Maphan M' Apia dies. 726- The battle Irois Foronetbi; some fell on both sides. Air gialla between Selvach and the family of Echach M' Domnal. Rclicks of Adainnan transferred to Ireland. 727. Battle o/"Moncrief between the Picts them- selves, where Aongus -was conqueror, and many o/"Arpin's party were killed. A ter- rible battle was fought between the same, fit the fortrefs of *Mo!icrief where Alpin fled. 728- Battle o/"Mon-na-Curna near Loch Loga b.tween the enemies of Nechtain , and the army of Aongus, and the persecutors of Nechran fell Ferach M* Monet, and his son Fingan M' Drostan. The batde of Drom-dearg-blathug in the country of the Picts between Aongus and Drust King of Picts. Drost fell. 729. The relicks of Adomnan brought from Ireland in the month of October. Bran M' Engain, and Selvach died. 730. Dungal M'Cnmgal M' Fergus /fa*. Echdac M' KJnid King of Saxons is bound and retires to a monastery. Faiibert - Boithiv * Others call it D'.ingreidhe, dec, Crei. ** Perhaps Dumbarton 01 Loch-Levin-castlc. burnt by Dungal. Battle between the Cruthen and Dalrieds at Marbuilg, where the Cruthene were worsted. A Battle between the son of Aongus (M'Fergus)e Dubh-gals; the Picb are defeated with great slaughter. Ead- ost (f. Eystein) M' Olave King of the Normans killed by a stratagem of Half, dan's. * A great flaying of cattle /«Lent. Constantine M'Kineach King of the Picls died. Rederych M'Murmhin King of Wales came into Ireland for refuge from the Dubh-gals. Battle at Loch -man (f. 877 879 881. 884^ 88? 890, 892 892 Lochryan) between the Fin-gals , and Dubh-gals where the latter lost Halfdart their captain. A great eclipse of the moon on the ides of October. Rederych M'Murmhin King of Wales killed by the Saxons. Aod M'Ki- neach King of the Picls killed by his own subjects. The shrine of St. Columba, his Oaths, and relicks carried to Ireland for fear of the Gals. Forach M'Cormac Abbot qfjona died. Oratory of St. Kiaran plundered by the Gals. Barreth the great tyrant of the north killed. Anfith M'Ed King of Ulster killed. The sun so eclipsed that the stars were visible. Godfred M' Ivar King of the Normans treacherously killed by his own Brother Sigtryg. Flan M'Maol-edrin Abbot of Jona died. A bloody battle between the Gals and Saxons. Violent factions among the Gals of Dublin, one party supporting Godfred- merle, the other Sigtryg M'lvar. Sigtryg M'lvar returns to Ireland. 894- * The Scandinavian expciiitinns were antiently conduced in the following manner. A chieftain sai- led, with a few ships for Britain, and collelted all the scattered adventurers he could find in his may. They landed on the coast, and formed a temporary fortrefs. To this stronghold they drove ell tl e cattle, and, having salted them, the freebooters returned home , where they spent their Jol, (1. e. Yule) or brumal feast, with much glee. Such an expedition was called * strand- hoggva, or strand slaughter. 66 EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. 894. Great flaying of cattle. Ardmach spoiled by the Gals of Dublin. 895. The Gals defeated by the men of Tir- connel, under M'Laigur who killed Olave M'lvar. Sygtryg M'lvar killed by the other Normans. Flanagan King of Brech killed by the Normans. Glun-iarn gains a victory, and takes 710 prisoners. 898- Domnel M' Constantine King of Scot- land died. 901. Gals expelled from Ireland. Those of Dublin were driven out by the men of Breth headed by Maol-Finia O' Flanagan, and the inhabitants of Leinster under Carrol. The Gals abandoned their ships, and a fere of their broken remains escaped eastwards. 902. Maol-Finia died, 903. Ivar O'lvar killed by the men o/Fortruin, together with a considerable number of his troops. 911. A comet appeared. 912- Mao!-mhuirerffl«gi«rroKineachM'Alpin, owJEtwulph King of the north Saxons died. Maol-Bhride M'Dornain came into Ireland to relieve pilgrims from Wales. 913. Sea-battle at Man between Barred O'Hair (/. O'Hivar) and Rognald O'lvar. The Gals with a numerous fleet arrive at Loch-da-caoch. 914. Domnal M'Aod King of Ailech died a penitent at the vernal equinox. 916. The Gals beaten at Imly by the people of Munster. Sigtryg M'lvar with his navy taken at Cousnad. Rognald O'lvar with his shift retired to the Gals at Loch-da- caoch. O'lvar overthrew the Irish, and drew near to Dublin. 917. The Gals leaving Ireland went to Scotland. The Scotch joined by the northern Saxons advanced to oppose them. The Gals formed into four divisions. The first was com- manded by Godfred O'lvar; the second by Earls; the third by chieftains; and the fourth by Reginald M'ReoInch, which last division the Scotch did not ohscrve. The Scotch routed the three first divisions, and made great bavock about Ottar an.l Gragava. Reginald at last attacked them in the rear with great slaughter. They , however, neither lost their King nor any captain of note, and night put an end to the combat. 918. Battle at Dublin by the Gals against the Irish in which Aod King of Ireland fell on the 17. Kal. of October. 919. Sigtryg M'lvar by the divine power was forced to leave Dublin. Gals receive a remarkable defeat from Dunchad O'Maol- Sechlain. 920. Reginald O'lvar King of Dubh-gals and Fin-gals killed. Godfred O'lvar returns to Dublin. Several fleets o/Gals came to Ireland, one to Loch-feval, another to Tirconnel under Varmaran M' Barred. Ardmach plundered on the 3. o/November. Dublin plundered by Godfrey O'lvar on the Saturday before Maruynas; most of the houses however were saved. Aloon telipsed on the 15. Kal. o/June. 921. EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. *7 931. Loch-nbIi,rt» I2II. * Thomas M'Uchtred , with the M'lln- nalds the sous o/Somerlid, came to Daire Collumkill (Deny) with six ships. They plundered Deny, Inis-owen, and the half vf Clan Connel. The castle of Clonois built by the Gals. 1213. * Thomas was a natural sen of A!I.m M'Utfcred Priuci of Galloway, and after war Us became tar! of Athole. He married a daughter of the King o/.Ytan; and was so much beh-.td by the Galovidians that they raised a rebellion to support lam. EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNALS OF ULSTER. 7' 1213. Thomas M' Uchtred and * Roderic M'Ranald rifled Deny, and carried away the most valuable effects of that town, and the north of Ireland, out of the church. O'Cathan came to Derry, and, attacking the M'Lauchlans , killed them before the great altar. In revenge of this, Thomas M' Uchtred , and the Gals of Ulster, destroyed every thing except the walls of the church. 12 14. An expedition by Hugh M'Lauchlan against Deny; he was killed by the Gals, W lliam Ga inh i. e. the rugged) King of Scotland dies, and his son succeeds. 1216. A Lateran council 0/300 Bishops. 121%. Diarmid killed by ** M'Gilroth. 1235. A great' expedition by the Justice of England, and M' William again st Co nacht. 1238. Donouch M'Uchtred killed. 1246- Ec Marchat O'Cahan killed by Magnus O'Cahan going to plunder Airthemay in Dalriada. 1247. M'Sumerlid killed by M' Moris in Belasena. 1249. It is now 712 years since the time that St.*** went to Jona. 1302. Robert Bruce an earl make king of Scotland against the King of England's will. Piendergast a young knight of great valour died. slNTI- * This Rotheric is probably the person -who, with Thorfin tic son o/Harald liar! of Orkney, was so very troublesome to the King: of Scotland, ** This Gil-roth was a celebrated freebooter, and his expeditions probably gave occasion to the b:illa-l •/ Gil-deroy, ?2 A NT1QV 1TATES HIBERNICAt. De OSTMANNIS, sivc DANIS & NORVEGIS ; deqve eorum rebus gestis in HIBERNIA, ab anno Christi DCCXCV, usqve ad ANGLORUM ingressmn , sub HENRICO II. per qvatuor ferme annorum centurias. yJstmannos magnam Hibernia partem olim subjugasse, 6c post plurima prxlia cum Hiber- nis , variante successu, per multos annos, acriter commissa , prsecipuas ibi urbes mariti- mas, zAAnglorum usqve adventurn in Hiberniam, occupasse certo constat. De eorum nomine & regione unde venerunt, ita eruditissimus Jacobus Usserius nuper Archiepiscopus Anna, chanus, in sua veterum Epist. Hiberuicarum recensione. Livonia ad Eoum maris Baltici litus porrecta , in ties partes , locis itf Unguis distiiidas, Estiam, Lettiai,. W Qttrlandiam distri- buiiur: Est id sive (ut Cramzius rtpellat') Estonia provinciam it incoluisse vidcmur, qyi a. vttcribus Gratis, Ostiai is? Ostiones , a Tacito in Germania sua, /Estii, ah Eginhardo in Caroli Magni vita, Aisti, a Saxone Grammatico, Estones , a nostris, Ostmanni appellantur. Ad Ostmannos Hibernia qvod attinet, hi aliis nominibus vocabantur etiam Dani, Norvcgi, ik Normanni, qvod & mediis temporibus (verba sunt iterum jam dicti Usierii) omnibus Dama, Norvegia, Livonia & reliqvarum Borealium gentium commune nomenfuisse docti norunt. Ut omi'.tam qvod a Scriptore vita Griffithi ftlii Conani est traditum, unum e tribus illis fratri- bus qvi in Hiberniam venerunt, cum Norve- giensibus suis in Galliam concessisse, fcf Francis devictis , sedes in Normanma fixisse. Hunc Rodulphum Me vvcat, qvem alii Rollonem; a qvo GuJielmus & alii Normanni qvi in Anglia regnaverunt, genus deducunt suum. Danos & Normannos, vel Ostmannos anno Christi DCCXCV, Hibernica & Albanica litora primum infestasse <5c speciatim Recran Insu- lam spoliasse produnt Annates Hiber nici. Sub eodem tempore vel paulo serius S. Findanum, Principis Lagenia filium , a Danis captivum duclum , sed mirabili modo elapsum , tradit in vita ejus, anonymus Hibernus, (qvi & ejus socius) a Melchiore Goldasto editus , Tom. I. Rerum Alamannicarum, pag. 318. Meminit illarum depra:dationum Normannicarum , Di- cuil Hibernus, qvi turn vixit, in libro de mensura Frovinciarum Orbis terra, secundum illorum author itatem (ut ipse loqvitur)^oy & Theodosius Imperator ad Provincias pradiclas mensurandas miserat. Sic enim ille, circum nostrum Insulam Hiberniam, sunt insula, scd alia parva, atqve alia minima. Et post pauca, sed shut a prin. cipio mundi deserta semper fuerunt , ita nunc causa latronum Nortmannorum vacua Anacbo- ritis, &c. Triennio postea, anno nempe DCCXCVIII, Normanni iterum Ultoniam, & Hebrides piratica infestarunt. Siqvidem anti- qvitus ANTIQVITATES HIBERNICJE. 73 fvittif npud Danos (m habet Olitis Wormius) Fir.itica bonesta ac Iicira crat , atqve in ca se crebro Reges ipsi, nut tor tun libcri exerctbaut, ascitis famosioribus (? fortissimis Athletis. Sed missis hisce Danorum piraticis, veniamus jam ad copias qvas in Hiberniam miscrunt, ad earn subjugandam, & secundum temporum seriem, ad alia corum acta ibidem, adAnglorum usqve sum. Anno J07. Datii & Norvegi in Hibernian appulerunt, (Sc Roscomoniam, regionemqve ad- jacentem ferro fbmmaqve vastarunt. Eodem tempore Cellacus Abbas coenobii S. Columba Hyensis , multis e suis, Norvegorum crudeli- tate, interfectis, in Hiberniam profugit, & Kcnanusa , alias Kenlisa in Midia, monaste- rium in honorem 5". Columba sive condidit, sive restauravit. Cum vero annos dicker 7 ilii prarfuisset Abbas, Dermit io qvodam in dido coenobio Abbate relicto , in Jonam sive Insu- lam Hyensem reversus est , ubi , post annum unum vel alterum, mortem obiit. Nescio an in laniena prsdiela, vel posteriore aliqva, tru- cidatus fuen't Blaitbmacus reguli Hibernici filius. Eum, sub his temporibus, a Danis sive Norvigis ethnicis in yoita insula cisum , ex vita ejus, a tVallafrido Strabone carmine de- scripta, liqvet. Omitto hie commenta Saxo- nis Grammatici , qvi (more suo) Fridclithum, Frotbonem III. & Haconem, Danos , multis annorum centuriis, ante hate tempora, Hiber- niam infestasse fingit. Anno 812. Classis Normannorum Hiber- nian* Ins id am aggressa, (inqvit Rhegino in Chronico) commissoqve cum Scotis prcrfio, muhi ex iis interfecti, cateri fuga lapsi sunt. Et, ad eundem annum, Herm.mnus Contractus, Classis Danorum Hiberniam invadens , a. Scotis victa eft. Item historici Hibernici Danos sub eodem tempore duobus prarliis ab Hibernis profliga- tos asserunt. Circa annum 815, aliis {? 1 8 > Turgesitts, Norvcgus Hiberniam primum invasit. Anno 835. Norvegi, majoribus instrucli copiis, magna classe appulerunt, sub duclu Turgcsii, ik Conacbtiam ferine universam , una cum qvibusdam Lagenia & Midia partibus, devastarunt. Intra triennium deinde postea, non parva Ultonia parte subjugata , ubiqve ferme templa demoliti sunt , & in Christiana religionis professores (cujus tunc hostes erant) magna crudelitate grassati. Qva de re, vid. Jocel. Furnessens. in vita S. Patricii, Cap. 175. Speciatim Turgesium Armacham occupasse & hide Farananum Archiepiscopum loci expu- lisse, una cum omnibus religiosis fcf studio sis tradunt historici Hibernici. Asserit porro Colganus (in Triade Thaumaturga) ex Anna- libus 4 Magistrorum,^H«o838> f ^ ,;;e sexaginta naiium Nortmaunos ingressos esse ostia Boandi fluminis, is 1 alia 60 navium, ostia Liffii fluvii in Lagenia. A Turgesio (qvod obiter adnoto) multa fossatorum illorum rotundorum, sive militarium vallorum, vulgo Danes Ratbs dictorum , facta dicuntur, qvae in plurimis Hibernia regionibus , etiamnum supersunt. Atqve talia fortasse fuerunt castella Brigantum veterum, de qvibus ita Juvena'.is, Satyr. 14. Dime Maurorum attegias, castella Brigantum, K Sunt 7 4 ANT1QV1TATES Sunt porro qvi credunt Datios & Nor- Topograph. Hibernia distinct. 3. Cap. 4. Ccttt- vegos extruxisse multos e collibus illis rotundis rum author Annalium Uhoniensium , de dolo nvos sine fossis, passim in Hibernia cernimus, eo tacens, Turgesium a Melacblino rege captum qvasi sepulchia Magnatibus & Ducibus suis. fuisse & in dicto lacu submersum, tradit. Eundem morem in Dnnia oliin viguisse, ex Fat/ia turn pernicibus nils (sic iternm Cam- supradicto Olao JVormio liqvet, in libro de brensis, Cap. 41.) totam stntim insulam pervo- Danicis Monumentis, Hafnta edito , Anno lante, & rei evemum, ut assolet divulgante, MDCXLIII. Speciatim (in Hibernia) e tali Norvegienses ulriqve t rune ant ur , l? in brcvi, colle in orientali suburbio civitatis Dublinii, omncs omnino , seu vi , sett dolo , vel morti tra- prope Collegium S, Trinitatis , effossum est duntur, vel iterum Norvegiam i? Insula: unit Anno MDCXLVI. monumentum qvod ossa venerant, navigio adire compelluntur. Deinde hominis combusta texit: opus uti creditur Cap. 42. Qyasiverat autem a Turgesio pradiclus Ostwannicum, de qvo fusius postea. Midensium rex, $? in dolo f ncqvitia jam animo An Sttxa ilia ingentia & rudia qvx in concepta) qvonam terrore vel arte, aves qvttdam planitie non longe a Kaasa in agro Kildariensi j n regnum nuper advecla , terra toti patriaqve & alibi visuntur , (victorianim puta monu- pestifera, destrui possent isf deleri. Cumqve nienta) a Danis erecla fuerint, non possum responsum accepisset , nidos eorum ubiqve pro certo affirmaie. Sed ut ad nostrum insti- destruendos, si jam forte nidificassent , (de tutum revertamur. castellis Norvegiensium hoc interpretantes) mor- Anno 845. Korvegi diripuerunt &incen- tuo Turgesio, in eorum destruclionem Hibernien- derunt Clonmacnoisam , Clonfertam , Logbran, ses per totam Insulam, un.wimiter insurrexerunt. & Tirdaglassam. Porro circa eundem annum, Annas igitur circiter 30 Norvegiensium pompa Turgesius Melachlini seu Melsechlini Regis & Turgesii tyrannis in Hibernia perduravit, 4? Midia filiam deperiisse fertur : Atqvi Rex ille deinde gens Hibernica servitute depulsa , isf (Giraldum Cambrensem audis) virus sub pristinam libert.neTn recuperavit , isf ad regni pectore versans , filiam suam iUi concedens , ad guhcrnacula denuo successit. Haftenus Giraldus. insulam qvandam Media, scil. de Locb-vair, illam. Hibernos qvidein hoc tempore Norvegnrum turn 15 puellis egregiis ei missurnm se spospondit. vires multum fregisse cerium est. Atramen Qnbns fe* Turgesius gavisus , cum totidem auxiliares copii , novis e Dnnia & Noriega nohiliorihus gaitis sua, statuto die dsr" loco, classibus , indues confluentes Hiberniam per obviam venit, isf invenit in Insula 15 adolescen- plurimos postea annos, gravissime attiixerunt, res imherbes, nuimosos, l? ad hoc elcclos, sub ut infra patebir. habitu puellari, dolum pnllinnies , culteliis, qvos Anno 848. Prtflium inter Melachlinum occnlte sccum attukrunt. Stasim inter ample- (de qvo supra) turn regem Hibernia & Danos xus , Turgesius cum suis ocenbuit. Sic ille, Foura commissum est, in qvo 700 Danis occi- HIBERNICJE. 75 occisis , vi^oria Mdachlino cessit. In pnrlio iti Jem ad Scia-na >bt, ab Olcobtiro rege Casselia (ijvem Abbatem etiam hnelaccnscm appellat Liber meus coenobii Iniifallcnsis) & Lorcano filio Kellachi , rege (ni fallor) Lageuia , cxsi sunt e Danis 1200, ac in duabus aliis pugnis, ante finem anni , ceciderunt circiter 1700. Ita hie annus Danis in Hibernia fuit luctuo- sissimus , unde M Aachlinus Rex ob partas viJlorias, ad Corolum Calvum Francorum regem, pads if amicitia gratia, hgatos cum muntribus misit, viam sibi petendi Romam coucedi deposcens. S'c Chronic. Norman. Anno 849. Auxiliares copia?, e Dania & Norvegia 140 navibus, in Hibcrniam appellen- tes , bellum , mag-no Hibcrnorum damno, redintegrarunt. Anno 850. Mdachlinus Rex, jam bello civili implieatus, pace, ad tempus, Danis stabilita, eorum auxilio, hostes magna strage profiigavit. Ante annum 351. Dattos , Dublinio & regiuncula vicina qvam Fingalliam vocamus, potitos esse, ex Historicis Hibemicis liqvet. Inter hos lio interficiunt 26 Febr. & die seqventi, Ar- macbam diripiunt. Anno 944. Donato Rege Hibernia morte repentina sublato, Congelacbus filius Malmitbi imperium snscepit, qvi eodein anno Brieni Regis Lagenia auxilio, Dublinium vi cepit & dirpuit , Ostmannis ibidem partim occisis, partim in fugam conversis. Anno 94J . Blacarus Ostmannus , Aulafi frater, copiis auxiliaribus, Dublinium recupe- ravit & restauravit. Anno 946. Ostmanni Dublinienses, ut cla- detn nnper acceptam ulciscerentur, hoc anno 11011 parvam Midia partem devastarunt. Anno 947. Ostmanni Dubtinhnsts a Con- gehd'O Kege, prsrlio piofligantur. Anno 943. Belkim redintegrarunt Dubli- nienses, scd a Congelacbo Rege iterum superati sunt, ipso Blacaro rege, <5c e suis ferme 1600 in prirlib occisis. Blncaro successit Godfridus Sitrici filius. Circa hare tempora Ostmanni Hibernici ad religionem Clristianam conversi sunt. Neqve desunt qvi , hoc ipso anno, Ostmannos coenobium B. Maria Virginis juxta Dublin. Monacbis Benedictinis posuisse tra- dunt, qvamvis alii, diu antea fundatum asse- runt, a Melacblino al. Malacbia Rege Hibernia, (qvi obiit 862) GiUemoholmoc nescio qvo «Sc Roisia uxore ejus, & alii, a Donaldo GiUemo- bolmoc. Ut ut fuerit, Monacjios ibidem Ordinis Cistertiensis institutionibus se submisisse anno 1 1 39 imitames patrem suum Abbatem Saviniacensem docent ejusdem coenobii Anna- tes. Jacobum Abbatem primuin obiisse 5 nonas Martii prodit loci codex antiqvus MS. penes Rogerum Trvysdenum eqvitem & Baronet, turn. De anno silet, sed Everardum Abbatem qvartum obiisse tradit 4 Idus Aprilis 113 1. Qvi si vera sint, vel pleriqve eorum Macrobti fuerunt , vel coenobium diu Abbate fuit viduatum. Anno 950. Ostmanni Dublinienses Slanam in Midia diripuerunt & incendio deformarunt. Eo incendio , Cinaum virum doclum & loci Vrslectorem , multosqve alios in ecclesia con- gregates periisse ferunt. Carterum anno se- qventi, postqvam magnam Midia partem, sub ductu Godfridi devastassent , ingenti pra?da onusti, in reditu Dublinium versus, sbHibemis intercepti sunt & magna strage profligati. Anno 956. Prarlium atrox inter Congela. chum Regem Hibernia, Ostmannos cui benefactor fuerat Brienus, fuisse condita, Prilio finito, Sitricus, cum Ostman- tiorum reliqviis, Dublinium se recepit, ac Melachlinus Rex Midia, a popularibus, Rex maximus Hibernia denuo dcclaratus est. Anno to 1 8- J am diclus Mchchlinui copias Lageniensts Ostmannicas , in prxlio ad Fodvay, fudit. Annoioi9. Brienus Malmurrii filiusRex Lagenia oculis orbatus est Dublin» , a Sitrico Rege. Anno I020. Reginaldus Ivari filius regu- lus Ostmannorum Watcrfordia improles obiit. Successit ei Sitricus frater. Anno 1022. Ugairus Rex Lagenia in confliclu ad Delgne , Sitricum Regem Dublinii fugavit. Anno 1023. Sitricus Ostmannorum Water- fordia regulus, ab Ossoriensibus , occisus est. Successit ei Reginaldus O-Hivar. Anno 1029. Sitricus Rex Ostmannorum Dublinii, peregrinatione Romam usqve susc^pta, in via defun£tus est. Successit ei filius Auhvus sive Auloedus, qvi anno seqvente, a Mattbao alias Matbgauno O-Riagan captus, pro lytro solvit 200 vaccas, go eqvos Britannicos, tres uncias ami, & gladium qvendam vulgo diclum Caroli gladium. Anno 1035. Auhvus filius Sitrici Rex Dublinii Romam profefturus, in Anglin occisus est, Successit ei filius Sitricus. Anno 1035. Reginaldus O-Hivar JVa- terfordia regulus occisus est Dublinii a Sitrico Rege. Anno 1038. Commuanns O-Raban regulus JVaterfordioe domesticis insidiis peiiit. Eodem anno Waterfordia a Dermitio Rege Lagenia direpta est & incensa. Anno 1042, (aliis 104I) Sitricus Aulavi filius Rex Ostmannorum Dublinii decessit. Hie fuit (ut reor) Sitricus ill?, qvein liber niger ecclesia; S. Trinitatis Dublinii Sitricum filium Ableb appellat, de qvo ibidem hare legimus, Sitricus Rex Dublinii filius Ableb Comitis Dublinii dedit Sancia Trinitati tf Donato prima Episcopo Dublinii locum ad adificandam Eccle- siam S. Trir.itati , ubi foinices sive volta sunt, cum terris subseqventihus, viz. Bealdukk, Re- cben , Portrabern , cum villanis & vaccis isf bladis ; nee non aurum if argentum, sufficient er ad itdificandum Ecelesiam , cum tota curia, con- tain, Sitrico successit Atdavus sive Auloedus, qvem Caradocus Lbancarvancnsis Alpbredum perperam appullat. Sub eodem tempore Cona- nus ap Jago , Aulavi gener , copiis Dublinii collcctis, in PValliam trajecit, contra Gruffinum ap Lbewellin regulum, qvi Venodotiam Conano profugo debitam , usurparat. Gruffinum ibi dolo cepit, sed dum captivum, naves versus, secum duceret, Jl'alli, de ea re certiores facti, tanto numero confluxerunt, ut facile Gruffinum liberaverint, & Conanum ad naves repulerint. Anno 1050. Conanus cum alia classe, e Dnblinio JValliam versus solvit, spe plenus, Venedotiam , lisreditario jure sibi debitam, recuperandi. Sed operam denuo lusit; nam L maxima 82 ANTiqVlTATES maxima classis parte tempestate amissa, ipse ad litora Hibernica rejectus est. Anno 1066. Codredus , sive Gotbricus cognomento Crovan Rex Mannia (ut e Cluonico Regum Mannia intelligimus) subjugavit sibi Dublinium if magnum partem de Laynester: Scotos vero ita perdomuit , ut nullus qvi fabri- earet navem vel scapham , ausus tsset plusqvam tres clavos inferere. Eum regem Hiberuia appellat Lanfrancus Archiepiscopus Cantua- riensis, in epistola qvandain , cujus exemplar habetur in Tomo undeciino Annalium Cardi- nalis Baronii. Anno 1071. Murchardus filius Dermitii Rex Lagenia mortem obiit, cvcvrJb~x 14 49.59 40, C. Cauci pop. KavKOt Vrltm nomini suo adop'asse videtur. Sed nominis ratioaein venentur alii. Hi olim incolebant partes aliqvas regionum, qvi hodie co- mitatus Galviensis & Roscoma- uensis dicuntur. Auterorum nomen in se prodit Athtnria uibecula in pago Galvietisi. Hodie Saint Helens-head alia Tele», in Donegallensi Comitatu. Habirabant regiones qvi nunc appellantur comitatus Catherlag- bensis, Kilkenniensis & Reginalis, Hodie Barons dictus , qvi Neoro auctus, post aliqvot mil- liaria, Sutra se consociat. Hi tres fluvii e Bladittis montibus Hibernice Sku-bloom, profluunr, & divisis alveis diu decurrentes, uno tandem eodemqvc ostio in mare se exonerant, prope turri- culam ds Hook, in agio Wexfor- diensi, unde tres sorores olim ditts. Qvi, nomine non prorsus de- perdito , Boinus hodie dicitur, Nechamo, Boand fluvius inMidia, a Bonn diclione tarn Britannica qvam Hibernica, qvi velocem significat , ita, ut opinantur, denominatus. Olim incolebant regiones qvi nobis hodie comitatus JVickloensis p. Rbo'vogdium. Prom. 1620.61 30 M 2 Erntii fluvius ex Erno lacu emissns, in agro DonegaUensi, a Giraldo Cambrensi Samariut diclus, a Camdeno, Mercaiore -0WTiCi hodie comitatus Dunensis. His forte Vhonietises noracn suum Qariofergusii sinus, sive Laganus flu, qvi ibi in mare se debenr. si non, qvod alii asscrunt, OUomaino Regi antiqvo ethnici Hibernitt. Uterni pop. Vel, pro exemplarium varie- OvripvQi tate, Iberni , Iberi & Jttern 1 incolebant australiores De.monia partes. Forsan colonix fuerunt Iberorum. E nomine & positu contra Hispattiam, hoc conjectare licet. Hacc , ordine alphabetico digess r mus. Cxterum non alienum erit, qvantulumcunqve sit, lire etiam annotare Ptolemaum, inGeog:a- phia sua, Septentr onale Hibernitt la ui pri- nium descripsisse, postea Occidentale, deinde Australe, ac demum Orientale; tumqve, post latera , civitates mediterraneas, ac postrcmo Insulas Hibtrnia adjacentes. Ex iis vero plu- rima? hodie inter Insulas magna; Britannia cui propriores, numerantur, Ebudtt scilicet Alaleos, Epidium, Mona-ada & Mona , qvas ideo'ia hac disqvisitione prauermissimus. Deni ;ve cum de antiqva Hibernitt hie agatnr, non ta- cendum est, qvod de ea Marcianus Herttcleota, in Periplo suo, tradir, Habet (Hibernia) Centes seu Provincias XVI, Urbes insignes XV, Pro- montoria insignia V, Insulas insignes VI. De Hibernitt veteris descriptione, hoc dixisse sufficiat. RICAR- 93 RICARDI MONACHI DE SITU BRITANNIA?. SICARDI MONACHI Westmonisteriensis coinmen- tarioli geographic! de situ BRITTANI£ & statiomim qvas ROM AN I ipsi in ea insula edificiveiunt. Liber Primus. Cap. I. finis erat orbis ora Galiici littoris, nisi Brit- tnniti insula, non qvalibet amplitudine, nomen pene orliis alterius inereretur. Octingentis enim & amplius millibus passuum longa por- rigicur : ita ut earn in Caledonicum usqve promuntorium metiamur. II. Veteres Britanniam, ab albis rupibus, primum ALBIONEM, postea, vocabulo gentis sua?, BRITTANIAM cognominaverunr, cum BRITTANlCiE vocarentur omnes, de qvibus mox pauio dicemus. III. Inter Scptemtriones <3c occidentem locata est, Gcrmania, Gallia, Hispania, maxu- mis Europa partibuc magno inta-vallo adversa, oceano Athlantico clauditur. IV. Habec ipsa Brittania a meridie Gal- Mam Btlgicam, cujus proximum littus rrans- meantihus civitas aperir, qvs Rbutupts portus dicitur, hie abest a Gessoriaco Alorinorum, Brittanica gentis porru , trnje&u milium L. sive, ut qvidam scripsere, stadioruin CCCCL. illinc confpiciuntnr BRITTONES qvos — — penitus toto divisos a be — — — emit Firgiliut ftlaro in Eclogii. V. Agrippa, vetus orbis descriptor, lati- tudinem ejus CCC. m. p. credit. Beda vero rectius CC. exceptis duntaxat prolixioribus diversorum promuntorioruin traclibus qvibus effidtur ut circuitus ejus qvadragies octies septuaginta qvinqve millia passuum coinpleat. Marcianus author Gracus mecum mdiddlxxy. lniiliaria haber. Cap. II. ALBION, qva? Brittania Magna a Cbry- sostbomo authore Graco dicitur, natura, ut refert Casar , triqvetra & Sicilies maxume similis est, cujus unum latus est contra Gal- Ham Celticam, hujus lateris alter angulus, qvi est ad Catitium, ad orientem solem; inferior, qvi est ad Ocrinum promuntorium apud Dam- noHos , ad meridiem & Hispaniam Tarraco- nensem speclat, hoc latus tenet dicker millia passuum D. II. Alterum iatus vergit ad Hibcrniam & occidentem solem, hujus est lon^itudo lateris, ut fert Vererum opinio, DCC. m. p. , III. Tertium est contra Septemtrfones cui parti nulla est objecta terra, prater insulas; sed ejus angulus lateris maxume ad Germa- nium Magnam speclat, huic a Novanto cher- soneso per Taixalorum regionis angulum Cantium promuntorium usqve millia passuum DCCC. in longitudinem esse existimatur. Ita M 3 omnes 94 R I C A R D I M O N AC HI omnes insulam computabant in circuitu vicies cemena millia passuum, sed eraut, nam a Cantio Ocrinum usqve in. p. est distantia CCCC. inde Novantum M. deinde Cantium rViMCC. totius insula: cimiitus, ut supra, MMMCCCCCC. millia passuum est. IV. Forma m totius Brhtanitt Livius & Fabius Rusticus , veterum doctissimi lutliores, oblongs scutulse vel bipenni assiniilavere, &, ut annalium conditor Tacitus, est ea fades citra Ciiledoniam , unde & in universam fama est transgressa; sed immensutn & enorme spatium procurrentium extremo jam littore terrarum , velut in cuneum tenuatur. Sed Casar , inclutissimus Dictator, cum Mela Ro- manorum nobili scriptore, pluribus earn tri- qvetra: dixere similar), de qvo supra. V. Si Ptokruao, orbis terrarum descriptor! egregio , aliisqve, coxvis illi scriptoribus ha- benda fides, litteramZ, sed inversam , repn- scntat hiec insula , nee tamen ex omni parte exacte qvadrare hoc simile suflficienter prarbet recentiori sevo descriptarum mapparum in- spectio. Triqvetra tamen figura soli Anglia qvodammodo videtur conveniens. Cap. III. Cffterum Brittaniam qvi mortales initio coluerinr, indigent an advecti, lit inter nationes ca-teras, parum compertum. Solis qvippe Judais, & per ipsos finitimis qvibusdam gen- tibus, hoc contigit felicitatis, ut a primo inde mundi exordio gentis sua: originem continua serie ex infaliibilibus deducere possint inonu- mentis. II. Habitus corporum varii, atqve ex eo argumenta. Namqve rutuli Cakdoniam habi- tantium coma: , magni artus , Germanicam originem asseverant; Silurum colorati vultu», & torti plerumqve crines, & positu contra Hispaniam, ut author est Tacitus, Ibevos veteres trajecisse, easqve & in Htbernia sedes occupasse fidem faciunt. Proximi Gallis & similes sunt, seu durante originis vi, seu procurrentibus in diversa terris, positlo coeli corporibus habitnm dedit. III. Heic, si luberet indulgere fabulis, notare possem Venetos ope commercii navalis incolas religionesqve his terris primum intu» lisse, imo non desunt scriptores qvi Hcrculcm hue qvoqve pervenisse, regnumqve constituisse, referunt; his vero tain alte reconditis antiqvi- tatibus , fabulis hinc inde refertis , immorari vix opera: pretium videtur. IV. In universum tamen estimanti, GaUot vicinum solum occupasse credibile est. Eorum sacra deprehendas, superstitionum, ait Tacitus, persuasionem. Sermo haud multum diversus, pro ulterior! signo inservit Druidum traditio, una cum nominibus civitatum , qvx vero omnes iis nominibus appellabantur , qwbus gentes, orta: ex Gallia civitatibus, qvse eo per- venerunt, atqve agios colere ceperunt. V. Hominum est, inqvit Casar, infTnitSI multitudo; creberrimaqve tfdificia, fere Gallicit consimilia, pecora sine numero. VI. Omnium tamen humanissimi , qvi Brittaniam austrinam incolebant , neqve mul- tum a Gallis differcbant consvetndine; ulte» riores pleriqve frumema non serebant, sed lacte, fructu D E SITU BRITANNIA. 95 frtictu & came vivebant , lanat iis usus ac vestiuin ignotus erat, & qvanqvam continuis frigoribus utebantur pellibus, tamen cervinis aut ovinis vestiti «rant, & lavabantur in fluminibus. VII. Omnes vero se Brittones olim vitro infccerunt, qvod coeruleum tfticit colorem, ttqve, rcfert Casar-, hoc horribiliore sunt in pugna adspeetu. Capilloqve sunt, ut ait Romanorum Dux, proinisso, atqvc omni parte corporis rasa prseter caput tk. labrum superius. VIII. Uxores habebant Brittones deni duodeniqve inter se communes, & maxume frnnes cum fratribus, parentes cum liberis; | sed, si qvi eiant ex his nati, eorum habcbantur 1 liberi, a qvibus primum virgines qva?qve ducla; eiant. Sua qvemqve mater uberibus alit, nee ancillis, nee nutiicibus delectantur. IX. Utebantur aut nummo sereo, aut ^ annulis ferreis, ad certum pondus examinatis, pro nummis, ut author est Casar Dictator. . X. Lepoiem & gallinam & anserem gustare Brittones fas non putabant, hax tamen alebant animi voluptatisqve causa. XI. Eiant autem margarita?, frena hebur- nea, & armilli, & eleclrina atqve vitrea vasa, & gagates lapides , & , qvod cacteris excellit, ftannum , magna copia meices. XII. Utebantur &navibus, qvarum carinas primum ac statuinina ex levi materia fiebanr, reliqvum corpus navium ambitus viminibus con r extus coriis bubu-lorum integebatur. Qvan- tocunqve tempore cursus tenebant, ut author est Solinus, navigantes, escis abstinent. De Re militari Brittotmm. XIII. Fert ipsa Brhtania populos Reges- qve populorum, ut Mela lib. III. scripsit, sed sunt inculti omnes, atqve ut longius a conti- nenti absunt, ita aliarum opum ignari, magis tantuin pecore ac finibus dites; causas autem & bella contrahunt, ac se freqventer invicem infestant, maxuine imperitandi cupidine studio. qve ea prolatandi, qvx possident. Solituin qvidem , Brittones foeminarum ductu bellasse, neqve sexum in imperiis discrevisse. XIV. Dimicabant Brittones non solum eqvitatus peditatusqve modo, sed etiam bigis c sacra, Druidum utebantur ministerio; nee credebant placari posse Deos nisi hominis csedes huinano kangvine pensaretur. Hinc instituta publice istiusmodi sacrificia, oblataqve, ut gratissima Diis hostia, qvi in furto, Iatrocinio, aliave graviori culpa deprehensi, his vero deficien- tibus, ad inndcentium qvoqve mactationem descendebam, ut qvocunqve deinum modo Dii placarentur. III. Ni i adfuerint Druides, res sacra rite celcbrari non credebatur. Hinc publica non minus qvam privata sacra procurandi negotium illis unice incumbebat, Erat penes hoc reli- gions cura, aeqve ac mysteriornm interpre- tatio, corporis qvoqve & sanitatis sive tuendae, sive restituendi curam habsbant, continuo nedicinx peritissimi. IV. Inter Deos ipsis pra»cipue colebatur Mtrcurius , cujus plurima prostabant simula- chra. Post huiic Justitinm, qvx Brutonibus Adrastt diceba ur. Hinc ApoUinem, Martem, qvi etiam Vitucadrus appellabatur. Jovcm, Minervam, Herculem , ViSoriam, Andatem vocatam, Dinnam, Cybelem & Plutonem venera- bautur, eandem fere de his Numinibus ac qvidem alii gentes opinionem amplexi. V. A Dite autem, ut & Galli, gentis sus originem deducere allaborabant Brirtones. Antiqvissimam hanc venditantes Druidum tra- ditionem, earn ob causam qva:libet temporum spatia, non dierum , sed noctium numero definiebant , dieiqve mensis & anni natalis initia ita numerate consveverunt, ut capto a nocte initio dies subseqveretur, qvs consvetudo omnino convenit cum antiqvtssima ilia, qvjc Gen. I. habetur noctium ac dierum compu- tatione. VI. Ad Druides magnus discipline causa confluebat adolescentium numerus, hi qvippe in magno erant apud ipsos honore, nam fere de omnibus controversiis, publicis privatisqve, constituebant, & si qvod admissum eratfacinus, si ca;des facta, si de hareditate, de finibus controversia erat, iidem decernebant. Prarmia poanasqve constituerunt , si qvis aut privatus aut publicus eorum decreto non stetit, sacri- ficiis interdicebant. Hie exclusionis poena apud eos erat gravissima. Qvibus ita inter- dictum, ii numero impiorum ac sceleratorum habebantur. lis omnes decedebant, aditum eorum sermonemqve defugientes, ne qvid ex contagions incommodi acciperent: neqve iis N peten- 5>8 R I C A R D 1 M N A C H I peteniibus jus" reddebatur , neqve honos habe- batur ullus. VII. His autem omnibus Druidibus pra> erat niius, qvi summam inter eos potestatem habebat & autboritatem. Hoc mortuo , suc- cessor dnbatur , qvi inter reliqvos excellebat dignitate. At si plures essent dignitate pares, suffragio Druidum res cominittebatur ; non- nunqvam etiam de Principatu armis conten- debant. VIII. Druides a bello abesse solebant, neqvc tributa una cum reliqvis pendebant, militia? vacationem , omniumqve rerum habe- bant immunitarem. Tantis excitati pranniis, & sua sponte multi in disciplinam conveniebant, & a propinqvis parentibusqve mittebanrur. IX. Magnum ibi numerum versuum ediscere solebant. Qvod unicum apud eos memoria: & annalium genus : itaqve nonnulli annos vicenos in disciplina permanebant. Neqve fas esse existimarunt earn litteris man- dare, qvum tamen in reliqvis fere rebus, publi- eis privatisqve rationibus , Grcecis litteris Uteientur. Id mibi duabus de causis , inqvit D. Julius instituisse vi demur ; qvod neqve in valgus disciplinam ejj'erri veliut ; neqve eos, qvi discunt, litteris confisos, minus memoria studcre. Oyod fere plerisqve accidit, ut prasidio littera- rum, diligent iam in perdiscendo , ac memoriam remittant. X. Inprimis hoc persvadere allaborabant, xion interire animas, sed ab aliis post mortem transire ad alios; atqve hoc maxume ad vir- tutem excitari putabant, metu mortis negleclo. Muka prsterea de syderibus atqve corum motu, de mundi & terrarum magnitudine, de rerum natura, de Deorum vi ac potestate disputabant, & juventuti tradebant sollirite, XI. Non est omittenda de Visco admi- ratio. Nihil habebant Druides visco & arbore, in qva gignatur (si modo sit roburj sacratius. Jam per se roborum eligebant lucos. Nee ulla sacra sine ea fronde conficiebant, ut inde appellaii qvoqve interpretatione Grarca possint Aput'Ss; (Druides) videri. Enimvero qvicqvid adnascatur i (.lis , e coelo missum putabant, signumqve esse electa? ab ipso Deo arboris. Est autem id rarum admodum inventu, & repertum magna religions petitur, & ante omnia sexta luna, qva principium mensium annorumqve bs facit, & seculi, post tricesi- mum annum; qvia jam virium abunde habebat. Nee tamen sit sui dimidia. Omnia sanantem appellantes suo vocabulo. Sacrificio epulisqve rite sub arbore prarparatis duos admovebant candidi colon's tauros, qvorum cornua tunc primum vinciantui. Sacerdos Candida veste eultus arborem scandebat, fake aurea dimetiens. Candido id excipieba:ur sago. Tunc demum victimas immolanr, prarcantes, ut suum donum Deus prosperum faceret, his, qvibus dederant, foecunditatem eo poto dari cuicunqve animali sterili arbitiabantur, contraqve venena omnia, esse remedio. Tanta gentium in rebus frivo- lis plerumqve religio fuerat! XII. Druidarum disciplina in nostra Brittaniii reperta, atqve inde in Galliam trans- lata esse existimatur. Unde F linias ekganter declamat libr. XXX. his verbis; Sed qvid ego bttc commemorem in arte Oceanum qvoqve trans- gressn, D E SITU BR1TANNIJE. 99 gresst, is" ad ttatura inane pervecla? Brittania bodieqve earn attonite celebrat tant s ceremoniis, ut dcdisse Persis videri possit. Idem Julius Cssar affirmat in Ephemeridis. Et nunc, qvi diligentius earn rem cognoscere volunt, pkrumyve iUo, discendi causa , proficiscuntur. XIIT. Druidei certo anni tempore in finibus Brittania, in insula? Mona luco conse- crato, considebant. Hue omnes undiqve, qvos inter controversia , conveni.-bnnt , eorumqve judiciis decretisqve acqviescebant. XIV. Prater Druidts apud Gallos atqve Brittones erant Bardi poets, qvi Deum Heroum- qve res gestas heroicis exposiras versibus cum dulcibus lyra modulis cantitabant. XV. De his ambobus ita cecinit Lucanus vates his versibus, qvibus hoc caput fliiiam. V os qvoqve, qvi fortes animas, billoqve pcremptas Laudibus in longum , vates ! dimittitis avunt, Plurima securi stttduistis carmina Bardi. Et vos baibariccs ritus , morctnqve sinhtrum. Stcrorum, Druida, pasitis repetistis ah armis. Solis nosse Deos, if coeli Numina vobis, Aut solis nescire datum : ncmora aha remotis Incolitis lucis. Vobis autboribus, umbra Kan tacitas Erebi sedes , Ditisqve profundi Pallida regnn pet tint ; regit idem spiritus artus Orbe alio: longa, canitis, si cognita, vita Mors media est. Ccrte populi, qvos despicit Arclos, Felices errore suo, qvos iUe timoium Maxumus, baud urgit Lethi met us : hide ruendi Infer rum mens prona virit, animaqve capaces Mortis: If ignavum reditura parcere vita. Cap. V. Optima frugibus atqve arboribus insula, & aiendis apta pecoribus ac jumentis. Vineas etiam qvibusdam in locis germinans. Sed & avium ferax terra mariqve generis diversi, Fluviis qvoqve multum piscosis, ac fontibus praclara copiosis, & qvidem pracipue Isicio abundar & anguilla. II. Capiuntur autem sa'pissime ck vituli marini, & delphines, nee non & ballena:, de qvo apud Saryricum mentionem inveniamus: Qyanto ddphinis ballena Bnttanica major? III. Exceptis autem variorum generibus conchyliorum, in qvibus sunt & masculi, qvi- bus inclusain sspe margaritam, omnis qvidem coloris optimam inveniunt, id est,& rubicundi, & purpurei, & hyacinthini, <3c prasini, sed maxume candidi, ut scripsit venerabilis Beda in prima Eccl. hist, ad Regem Colfulfum. IV. Sunt & cochlear, satis superqve abundantes, qvibus tinclura coccinei coloris confickur, cujus rubor pulcherrimus, nullo unqvam solis ardore, nulla valet pluviarum injuria pallescere; sed qvo vetustior est, eo solet esse venustior. V. Habet fontes salinarum & fontes calidos, & ex eis fluvios balnearum calidarum, omni atari & sexui per distincta loca, juxta suum cuiqve modum accommoda:os. VI. Nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterrnneis regionibus, in maritimis ferrum; sed ejus exigua est copia. JEre utuntur im- portato. Gignit & aurum,& argentum. Fert & lapidem gagatem plurimum optimumqve. E t a tern nigrogemmeus & ardens igni admo- N 3 tus, 100 R 1 C A R D 1 M N A C H 1 tus, incensus serpentes fugat, adtritu calefactus adplicita detinet atqve ut succinurn. VII. Er qvia Brittania prope sub septen- trionali ve:tice mundi jacet , lucidas estate noctes babet; ita ut medio sspe tempore lioctis in qvestionem veniat intuentibus , utrum crepusculum adhuc permaneat vespertinum, an jam advenerit matutinum? utpoto nocturno sole non longe sub terris ad orientem boreales per plagas redeunte. Unde etiam plurimss longitudinis habet dies a>state, sicu: & noctes contra in bruma, sob nitnirum tunc in l.ybicas partes secedente, id est, hoi arum X & VIII, ut author est Ckomides. Plurimi item brevi- tatis noctes estate & dies habet in bruma, hoc est, VI. solummodo a?qvinocrialium hora- rum : cum in Armenia , Macedonia , Italia, canerisqve ejusdem lines regionibus longissima dies sive non XV, brevissima IX, compleat horas. VIII. Sed de Brittania Brittonibusqve in genere satis prolixe commemoravi. Res ipsa reqvirit ad particularia tandem descendere, atqve, in seqventibus , statum fatumqve diver- sarum, qva? banc insulam incoluerunt, natio- num, qv* eandem nobilitarunt, civitates, cet. Qvales sub ditione Romana erant, ex ordine depingere mci jam erit propositi. Cap. VI. Brittania , secundum accuratissima vete- rum, qvx propius fidem sunt, monumenta, erat omnis divisa in partes septem; qvarum sex alio atqve alio tempore imperio Romano adjecla: fuerunt, septima vero sub solis barbaris Ctledoniis. II. Supra dictx Brittania partes eraiit Brittania Prima , Secunda , Flavin , Maxima, Valentin & Fcspasiana. Qvarum ultima non diu stetit in manibus Romanorum. Ex his Brittania» Primam a Flavin Tbamesis flumen, a Brittania Secunda mare di»idit. Flavia initium capit a mari Germaniro, continetur Tbamesi fluvio , Sabrina a finibus Silurian Ordovicumqve , vergit ad Septemtriones & Bri- gantum regionem. Maxima ab extremis Flavia finibus oritur pertinet ad inferiorem partem muri, qvi totam ex transverso percurrit insu- lam, spcctarqve in Septemtriones. Spatium inter ainbos, hunc & alium, qvi ablmperaiore Antonino Pio inter Bdoram & Cljiddam extruchis est, murum occupat Valentiana. Vcsp.isiana autem a Bdortt sstuario ad civitatem Akhiub, unde linea ad ostium fluminis Vararis duda terminos ostendit. Secun 'a ad earn partem Oceani , qva? ad Hiberniam pertinet , spectat inter occasum & Septemtriones. Sed de pro- vinces satis. III. Necessarium vero ducnnus, anteqvam ad accuratiorem nos conferamusdescriptionem, Regiminis in hisce Provinciis constitutionem paucis atingere. DeprehenJimus adeoqve, totam antiqvissimis tempoiibus, plurium Re- gulorum Statuumqve arbitrio divisim paruisse Brittaniam, qvorum nonnulli, etiam post occupatam a Romanis Provinciam, superfuisse commemorantur. Sed vix umbra Regia? digni- tatis istisPrincipibus relicla, contrarium nempe dissuadente politica ilia, qva Roman! olim, pra? cultissimis etiam qvibusqve gentibus, inclaruerunr piudentia. Vicuicibus Romano- rum, D E SITU BR1TANNIJE. IOI rum armis subjugat.T imperatoiia authoritate constitutus pra?erat Legatus, ipsa Brittania vero Provincia eratPROcoNSULARis. Per plures hie Imperii constitutio duravit a;tates, licet in plures interim ipsa insula divisa fuerit partes. Pn'muin nempe in superiorem & inferiorem, deinceps vero, uti antea demonstra- viinus, in septem dispertita Provincias, mutata regiminis forma. Deinde diu paruit, ut imperatoiia sedes, hie insula Carausio, eisqve, qvos in societatem adsciverat, Tyrannis. Gloria & presidium Clristianismi Constaminus Magnus creditur Maximam 6c Valentiam Consulares, Primam , Secnndam & Flaviam Pr.-esidiai.es fecisse, toti vero insula: propositus estVic.ARius vir perspicabilis sub dispositione viri illustris Domini Prscfecti Praetor» Gallia*. Piaster qvem in vetusto qvodam volumine circa eadem tempora commemoratur aliqvis exiinis digni- tatis vir , titulo Comitis Brittan'iarum insignis, alius itidem, Comes littoris Saxonici tertius prseterea Dux Brittani.* dictus, aliiqve plures, magnis prafccli muneribus, qva?, cum distincla eorum notitia, injuria temporis, im- petrari non potuerit, cogimur taciti prsterire. IV. Prolixum nunc tandem iter ingredior, totam non minus insulam, qvam singulasqve ejus partes curiosa lustraturus indagine, pres- surusqve optimorum in hoc negotio authorum vestigia. Fiat vero ab extreina Prima provincia: ora initinm , cujus littora Gallia; objiciuntur. Ties vero laudatissimos validissimosqve Status, Cantianum ncmpe, Bslgicum C\ Damnonicum eomplectitur hsc provincia, de qvibus ea, qva fieri potent, cura nobis sigiltatim agendum. Cantium primo lustremus. V. Ad extremam Brittania Prima: oiien- talem oram remotam CANTIUM, Cantiis qvondam habitatum, civitatibus Durobrobi & Cantiopoli, qva? eorum metropolis. Hie sepul. tus est D. Augustinus Anglorum Apostolus. Dubra , Lcmanus & Regulbium, prisidio a Romanis munita, eorumqve Primarium Rhutupi, deducla eo Colonia, Metropolis factum, portus- qve classi Romanorum, qva: Oceano Septen- trionali dominabatur, recipienda: faclus idoneus. Tanti nominis fuit ha?c civitas, ut littora vicina ex ea dicta sint Rbutupina, de qvibus Lucanus poeta : Aut vaga cum Thetis RJjutupin i qvc littora fervent. inde qvoqve ingentia & grati saporis ostrea Romam translata , ut author est Juvenalis Saryricus his verbis : — — — — Circeis tiata forent , an Lucrinum ad saxum, Rbntupinove cdita fundo Ostrea, callebat prima deprendere morsu. Statio etiam fuit sub dispositione viri specla- biiis Comitis littoris Saxonici legionis secunda Augusta. VI. Qvam plurimis hoc Cantiorum regnum fluminibusrigatur, qvoruin celebriora : Madus , Sturius , Dubris & Lemanus , qvi Cantios a Bibrocis discernebat. VII. Inter tria ista pneipua Brittania promuntoria , eminet illud , qvod a Cantio nomen habet. Ibi Oceanus in angulum qvasi redaclus cursum ita promovet, fluxionemqve suam donee, ut Yeteres uadunt, fretum istud N 3 Qceuni, 102 R 1 C A R D I M N A C H 1 Occam, qvod jam Brittania format insulam, effecerit. VIII. A Catnio vasta ilk, qvx Anreridia nonnullis, aliis Caledonia dicta sylva late exten- ditur ad CL. milliaria per Bibrocorum ac Segontiacorum terras ad Heduorum usqve fines excurrens. De hac sylva ita cecinit Lucan us : Unde Caledoniis fnllit turbata Brirtanos. IX. Cantiis proximi, &, ut putant non- nulli, subjecti Bibroci , qvi & aliis Rbemi dicuntur ; natio in monumentis non penitus ignota,qvibus liabitatum Bibroicum, Regentium, Novioniagumqve metropolis. Anderidam vero occupatam tenuerunt Romani. X. Confines illis apud ripam Tbamesis habitabant Attrebates , qvorum urbs priinaria Calebs. XI. Infra hos, proprius flumen Cuttetium, liabitabant Segontiaci , qvorum caput fuit Vindoiium, XII. Ad Oceanum, Bilirocis affines, infe- rius liabitabant, sic di£li, Belga, qvorum urbes priinaria: Clauscmcm , qvod nunc Sotbcamptoua dicitur, Portus Magnus, omninmqve prxcipua Vema, nobilissima civitas ad flumen Antonam sita. Sorbiodunum vero tenebat presidium Romanorum. Omnes enim Bclga Allobrogcs sunt , ut & nomina civitatum Graecam Phoeniciamqve originem redolentia. XIX. Ultra brachium in Oceann sits sunt insula Sygdilcs, qvae etiam Oestrominides & Cassuerrides vocabantur, dictae. XX. Cum praenominatis Damnonils Bel- gisqve conjunctis XXX proelia commisisse nar- ratur valentissimus ille Imperator Vespasian us. Decern hi ad australes Tbamesis & Sabring ripas habitantes populi, a Romanis sensim subacti , eorumqve regiones in provinciae for- mam redacts, qva; BRITTANIA PRIMA fuit appellata, cum hie fuerit in istis terris primus Romanorum victoria? fructus. XXI. Succedit ordine BRITTANIA SE- CUNDA qva; a prioribus, interfiuente Sabrina amne, discernitur. A provincia autem Flavia, turn memoratus amnis , turn Deva fluvius eandem sejungit, reliqvum cingitur a mari Interna. Hsc erat celebrata ilia regio Silurian, tr.bus validissimis habitata populis, qvos inter prs reliqvis celebres Silures proprie sic dicti, qv;im io4 R I C A R D I M N A C H I qvam ab ora relicta turbidum Sabrina fretum distinguit. Cujus homines , ut eruditissimus Solinus est author, etiam nunc custodiunt inorem vetustum, nundinas ac nummum refu- tant, dant res & accipiunt, mutationibus ne- cessaria potius, qvam pretiis parant. Deo» percolunt, scientiam futurorum pariter viri ac foeminx ostendunt. XXII. Civitates Si'iirum, Saricojiium, Magna, Gobantum & Vtnta, eorum caput, fuerunt. Isca vero, flumini imminentem ur- bem cognominem, tenebat RomanorumColonia, ibiqve per annos plures secunda legio, qvx Awusta alias vocabatur, stationem habebat, donee VaUmiam & Rbutupin transferebatur. Haec erat provincis Secundi piimaria Romana. XXIII. Olim ac diu potens erat ha?c Silurum regio, sed, cum earn regno Cbaraticus tenuit, longe potentissima. Hie continuis novem annis , omnia Romanorum anna pro ludibrio habita, sa?pe evertit, donee de illo, conjunctis viribus Romanes aggressuro, trium- phavit Legatus Ostoriw, Charaticus enim, j>ra>lio evadens, auxiliumqve a vicinis Regibus perens, per astutiam matrons Romana? Car- tbismandva cum Rege Brigamia Vemttio nuptx, Romanis deditus est. Post id temporis mascule tan turn suam ipsius ditionem idem ille popu- ius defendit usqve dum a Vnrionio spoliatus, ac tandem a Frontino devictus in formam Romana, cui BRlTTANIA SECUNDA, ut supra meminimus nomen erat, provincix suum ledigi pateretur imperium, XXIV. Dm alia? sub Siluribus gentes fuere, primum Ordovicts, qvi in septentrional! versus insulam Monam: & deinde Dimecia, qvi in extrema versus occidentem parte dege- bant , ubi promuntorium qvod Octorupiura nunenpatur, unde in Hiberniam transitus XXX. milliarium. Dimeciarum urbes Men.ipia , & piimaria Muridunum. Lovantium vero sibi habitandum vendicaverant Romani. Ultra hoi & Silurum terminos siti Ordovices, qvorum urbes Mediolanum & Brannogenium. Sabrinn in montibus illorum oriunda majoribus tribuj Brittania fluviis merito accensetur , addito nempe Thamtsi & Tavo. Elucet imprimis in historia nomen Ordovicutn oh sumtam de in- clutissimi ipsorum Regis captivitate vindiclain. Hinc enim toties redactum in angustias exer- citum Romanorum tarn misere vexarunt, ut de illorum fere imperio in hac regione actum fuisset , ni in tanta? cladis vindictam postea surrexisset Dux Agricola, qvi, vichicia circum- ferens arma, totam qvoqve banc gentem sub» jugavit, maximamqve partem ferro delevit. XXV. Hue qvoqve referendum illud, qvod a septentrione Ordovicum si turn , ab Ocean» alluitur, territorium, cum illorum regimini aliqvandiu fuerit subj ctum, hoc certo constat, qvod ilium Cangiani qvondem inhabitaverint tractum , qvorum urbs unica Segontium, pro- muntorio Cangano vicina. Incluta hie erat civitas, freto Meneviaco, contra Mown»», reli- giosissimam insulam, ubi olim Drnides habi- tat, adjacet. In hac insula pluriina sita erant oppida , tota autem insula in circuits I.X. m. p. fere complectitur , atqve , ut refcrt PhniuSy a Camaloduno colonia CC. m. p. abest. fluvii apud ipsos Tosibur, qvi & Canovius ; pro ter» D E SITU BRITANNIJE. 105 termini's rere eret utraqve Deva. In hoc vero regione mons Erici celsissimus maxu- musqve invenitur. Ordovicia una cum Can- giorum Carnabiorumqve regionibus , ni faraa me fallit, nomine Genania sub Imperatoribu$ post Trajani principatum inclaiescebat. XXVI. Ordo jam ad illam nos deducit provinciam , qva: FLAVIA Romattis vocata. Unde vero hoc nomen acceperir, utrum a matre Const nntmt Mr.gni Flavin Julia Helena, ex bis terris oriunda? an vero a Rom, norum familia Flnvia? qvominus determiner] possit, obstat injuria tempo'Uin , qva: nobis invidet genuina o inter Agricolam & Galgacum proelio, Romanis uti- lissimo, famam in annalibns habet insignein. Hie vires eorum veteresqve castramentationes hodieqve magnitudo ostendit moenium. Nam in loco ubi ingen» supradicium proelium habi- tum erat, qvidain ordinis nostri , hanc viam emensi , affirmant, se iminania vidisse castra, aliaqve argumenta Taciti relationem confir- mantia. XLIV. Nationes vero, Romanis hie sub- jects, ordine jam seqventur. Ultra htbmum, usqve ad Tavum, gens erant Horestti, qvoruin urbes, post pranenturam qvidem extruftam, prius enim Dammis accensebantur , fueiunt Alauna, Ltndum, &, re non minus qvam nomine reliqvis gloriosior , Victoria, ab Agricola ad flumen Tavum XX. milliaiia ab ejusdem in mare exitu a>dificata, memorifproditum dicunt» XLV. Supra hos ultra Tavum, qvi Iimites constituit, erant Veclurones, sive Fenricones, qvorum urbs primaria Orrea , fluvii vero ffLsica & Tino. XLVI. Oceani littus, ultra horum fines, accolebant Taixali , his urbium princeps Divana, fluvii autem Deva & Luna. Pars Grampii montis, qvae, ut promuntorium, late se in Oceanum , qvasi in Germania occursunn extendit, ab illis nomen mutuatur. XLVI I. D E SITU BR.ITANN1M. 109 XLYII. His coniermini ad occidentem, interveniente montium Grampiorum serie , ex- stitere Vaeomagi, qvi amplissimam regionem tencbant , qvo um urbes Tuessis , Tame» & Banatia. Rotnanorum autem statio, simulqve provincix urbs piimaria, erat, ad ostium fluvii Varar in littore situm, Ptoroton. Notiores hujus regionis fluvii prxter Varar tm, qvi pro- viiiciam terminabat, fuerunt Tuesis tk Celnius. XLVIII. Infra Vacomagos Tavumqve habitnbant Damnii-Albani. Gentes parum notx, & intra lacuum montiuinqve claustra plane reconditx. XLIX. Inferius adhuc Chtta ripas acco- lebant Attacoti , gens toti aliqvando olim Brittania tormidanda. Muxumus hie visitur lacus , cui nomen olim lyncalidor , ad cujus ostium condita a Romams urbs AUluitb, brevi tempore a Duce Tbeodosio nomen sortita , qvi occupatam a barbaris provinciam recuperave- rat; cum hac comparari potuit nulla, utpote qvx , post fractas cxteras circumjacentes pro- Tincias, impetum hostium ultimo sustinuit. L. Hxc provincia di£ta est, in honorem familix Flavia, cui suam Vomitianus Imperator originem debuit , & sub qvo expugnata, VESPASIAN A. Er, ni fallor , sub ultimis Imperatoribus nominata erat THULE, de qva Claudianus vates his versibus facit mentionem ; — — incaluit Piciorum sanguint Tbuh Scotorum cumulus flev'tt glacialis Hiernt, Sed non tain diu sub aqvila suopte tenuerunt Romani, ut posteritati innotescerent ejusdem & nomina & subjectio. Cursorio bucusqve ocuio, qvalis sub Rotnanorum Imperio erat, Brittaniam lustravimus. Restat ut parili eom- pendio Caledoniorum terras lustremus. De Caledonia. LI. Licet tota ultra Isthmum prxdiftuih Brittania non improprie dici posset Caledonia, ipsi tamen Caledonii ultra Vararem sedan ha- buere, unde ducta linea terminuni Romani in Brittaniam imperii accurate satis ostendit. Citerior vero insulx pars alio atqve alio tern- pore ab illis possessa fuit, reliqva, ut supra meminimus, a Brittonibus barbaris occupata. Hucusqve & proficiscentibus lumen aliqvod foenerant andqva historiarum monumenta. Trajicientes autem Varar flumen, extinfto lumine, in obscuro qvasi versamur, & qvamvis non nobis ignotum sit, extructas ibi pro limitibns Imperii Romani fuisse aras, Uljssem- qve, tempestate fluctibusqve jaftatum heic vota persolvisse, siqvidem condensx arboribus sylvx cum perpetuis montium saxetis ab ulteriori nos scrutatione prohibent. Relationem se- qventem a mercatoribus Brittonibus fugitivis acceptam posterisqve relictam, ut sufficientem xstimemus, necesse est. LII. Ad occidentem igitur Vararis habf- tabant Caledonii propric sic d.cti, qvorum regionis partem tegebat iminensa ilia Gi ledonin sjlva. LIII. Littus fncolebant minores qvidam populi , ex qvoruin numero ultra Vararem & ereftas supradiclas aras ad Loxam fluviura habitabant Canta, in qvorum finibus proinun- torium PcnoxuUum. LIV. Huic ordine proximus est fluvius Abona ejusdemqve accol* Logi, Hinc Ila O 3 fluyit» no R I C A R D 1 M N A C H 1 fluvius (5c ad ilium siti Carnabii Brittounm extremi, qvi ab Ostorio Propraetore subjugati jugum Romamm indigne fereiites , adscitis in societatem Cantiis, ut referunt tradkiones, trajectoqve mari ibi sedem eligunt. In varia heic promuntoria sese extendit Brittania, qvo- irum primum antiqvis dictum Vinvedrttm, turn Verubrium, aut extremitas Caledonia. LV. Post illos Catitti, Deinde, interiores Logisqve proximi , Merta siti lunt. In hi» oris piomuntorium Orcadum posituin, Cui adjacebant Orcades insula?. Ulterius manabat Nabaus fluvius, qvi terminus erat Camabica jurisdictionis. LVI. Ad infcriorem hujus regionis par- tem habitabant Carnonaca , in qvorum finibus piomuntorium Ebudum, ad cujus extrema eximium Oceania- sinum effbrmat , qvi olim Volsas appellatus. Ad inferiorem istius sinus i'ipam tendebant Cerones, & infra Ityn Creoms ad Longum usqve procurrit. Inde Oceanian inter & sinum Lelnnum di&um ab incolis Epidiis piomuntorium. LVII. Proveclus jam ultra flumen Varnris, idem illud remetiri non possum, qvin in trans- gressu admirer Romanos , alias satis expertos judicio atqve experientia, heic qvasi destitutos tarn perabsurda opinione laborasse , ut istam Brittania partem , qtx jam armis ipsorum intacla qviescebat, reliqvam jam subactam atqve possessam longe majori <5c longitudine & lati- tudine metirentur. (Qvam tamen eos fovisse opinionem satis suberqve constat.) Qvi enim ea, qva par est, mente insignem Romanorum erabitionem atqve insatiabilsm rcgnandi cnpi- dinem consideraverit, & qvo hostem v'x ira ipsorum & notiria, nedum timore dignum excluderent stupenda ista, qva? totum orbcm in admirationem sui facile traliunt, opera erexisse. In hoc ut in ca;teris qvam plurimis magnam summi Numinis merito providentiatn vcneremur, cui ut omnia subjetla sunt regna, ita & sempitema ab incolis gloria debetur 6c crit, Amen. Cap. VII. Lustbatis ita pro institu'i ratione cur- sim terris Brittanicis , necessarium videtur, anteqvam ad insularum desciiptionem aggie- diar , dubio a non nemine moto occurrere; ubinain, inqvit ille, earum qvas tu nobis com- memoras urbium nominumqve vestigia ? ha- bentur nulla! Licet vicissim qva?rere, ubinain hodie sint Assyrii, Parthi, Sarmatce, Cehiberi? at qvi has celeberrimas gentes exstitisse negef, impudentem satis spero futurum neminem, nonne inveniunturhodienum regiones urbesqve permulta? eisdem , qva: ante duo vel plura annorum millia habuerunt, qva? compellantur, nominibus ? Judtta, half*, Gallia, Brittanix, non hodie minus , qvam priscis illis tempori- bus nota. Londimim hodieqve lingva vernacula sono non adeo discrepante London appellatur. Incuria majorum & in colligendis ac conser- vandis illis, qva? hue facere & tunc temporis non difficulter haberi poterant monumentis negligentia si attendatur, non adeo qvidein graviter ilia videtur increpanda, vel ut hujus defeclus unica & primaria causa censenda, via enim prater illos, qvi oidini sacrorum se dede. D E SITU B R I T A N N I M. in dederant, opcram libris scribcndis commoda- bant. Hi vero a satro alienuin censuerunt munerc profanis istiusmodi , ut vocabanr, negodis operain suam impendere. Crediderim potius nos sine periculo scire, & sine piaculo ad posteros transmittere posse ilia, qvre de prisco rcgnorum statu sedula veterum monu- mentorum perlustratio & accuratius scrutinium ipoteri; investigate. Adaliud vero sentiendum me fere compulisset bonus ille Amines , ita me compellare visus: tune solus ignoras qvam breve, nobis in hoc orbe, temporis spatium sit exigendum omnesqve nostros etiam laboriosis- simos conatus ab inutilium servorum nomine nos lion posse r.eddere immunes? Omniaqve Rostra studia proximi usum pro scopo debent habere? haec ! cui unqvam sunt usui? bullati* istiusmodi nugis mundum deludi ! His merito reponimus. An ergo prohibita nobis simul omnis honesta delectatio? Nonne eximiac divina providentis documenta produnt istius- modi narrationes? Indene patet , qvomodo Evangelia de morte & merito Christi concio universum collustraverit & vicerit orbem gen- tilibus arwea superstitionibus obnoxium ? Obvertenti porro , non incongrue forte Chro- nologix istiusmodi res in compendio tractari. Denuo repono. Nee ergo nimium qvidqvam est novisse, majores nostros non, ut nonnulli fabulantur, Amochtones fuisse e terra prosilien- tes. Deum potius naturae librum aperuisse, Utex il!o constaret magni opificis omnipotentia, qvalis in Mosis voluminibus eadem descripta proponitur. Deniqve forte respondenti, operi- kus, authori apud posteros nomen laudemqve parituris/cxploratorium ignem esse subeundem, lure inqvam dicenti, vicia XIII. Pranurio XXV. Iter VI. ab Eboraco Devam usqve sic: Calcaria ra. p. IX. Camboduno XXII. Mancunio XVIII. finibus Maxima; & Fla- vii m. p. XVIII. Condate XVIII. Devi xvm. Iter VII. a Portu Sistuntiorum Ebora- cum usqve sic: Rerigonio m. p. XXIII. ad Alpes Peninos VIII. Alicana X. Isurio XVIII. Eboraco XVI. Ite* D E SITU BRITANNIM. "3 Iter VIII. abEboraeo Luguvalium usqve sic: Cattaraftioni m. p. XL. I.ataris XVI. Vataris XVI. Brocavonaas XVIII. Vorreda XVIII. Lugubalia XVIII. Iter IX. a Luguballio Ptorotonim usqve sic: Trimontio m. p Gadanica m. p Corio m.p ad Vallum m. p incip.t Vespasiana. Alauna lit. p. XII. Lindo IX. Victoria IX. adHiernnm IX. Orrea XIV. adTavumXIX. ad iEsicam XXIil. ad Tinam VIII. Devana XXIII. ad Itunam XXIV. ad montem Gra.npium m. p ad Selinam m. p Tuessis XIX. Ptorotone in. p Iter X. ab ultima Ptorotone per mediam insula Isca Damnonorum usqve sic: Varis , m.p. VIII. ad Tuessim XV1I1. TameaXXIX. I m. p. XXI. in Medio IX. Orrea IX. Victoria XVIII. ad Vallum XXXII. Luguballia LXXX. Brocavonacis XXII. ad Alaunam m. p Coccio m. p Mancunio XVIII. Condate XXIII. Mediolano XVIII. Etoceto m. p Salinis m.p Glebon coloniam.p, Corino XIV. Aqvas Solis m. p ad Aqvai XVIII. ad Uxellam amnem m. p. . . Isca m. p Iter XI. ab Aqvis per viam Juliam Menapiam usqve sic: ad Abonam m. p. VI. ad Sabrinam VI. unde trajectu intras in Brir- taniam Secundam & stationem Trajectum m. p. III. Venta Silurum VIII. Isca colonia IX. unde fuit Aaron Martyr. Tibia amne m. p. VIII. Bovio XX. Nido XV. Lencaro XV. ad Vigesimum XX. ad Menapiam XIX. ab hac nibe per XXX. m.p. navigas in Hiberniain. Iter XII. ab Aqvis Londinium usqve sic : Verlucione m. p. XV. Cunetionc XX. Spinis XV. Calleba Attrebatum XV. Bibrafte XX. Londinio XX. Iter XIII. ab Isca Uriconium usqve sic: Eultro m. p. VIII. Gobannio XII. Magna XXIIL Branogenio XXIII. Urioconio XXVII. Iter XIV. ab Isca per Glebon L ; ndum usqve sic: Ballio in. p. VIII. Blestio XII. Sarnonio XI. Glebon colonia XV. ad Antonam XV. Alauna XV Vennonis XII. Ratiscorion XII. VenromentoXlI. Margiduno XII. ad Pontem XII. Croco colana Lindum XII. Iter XV. a Londinio per Clausentum ire Londinium sic: Caleba m. p.XLIV. Vindomi XV. Venta Belgarum XXI. ad Lapidem VI. Clausento IV. Portu Magno X. Regno X. ad Dccimum X. Auderida portu m. p ad Lemanum in. p. XXV. Lemaniano portu X. Dubris X. Rhutupis colonia X. Regulbio X. Contiopoli X. Durelevo XVIII. Mado XII. Vagnaca XVIII. Novio Mago XVIII. Lon. dinio XV. Iter XVI. a Londinio Ceniam usqve sic: Venta Belgarum in. p. XC. Brige XI. Sorbio- duno VIII. Ventageladia XII. DurnovarialX. Moriduno XXXIII. Isca Dainnon XV ...... Durio amne m. p Tamara m. p Voluba m. p. Cenia in. p Iter XVII. ab Anderida (Eboracum) usqve sic : Sylva Anderida m. p Noviomago m. p Londinio m.p. XV. ad Fines m.p. .... Durolisponte P m.p. *..'* ii4 R J C A R D I M O N A C H 1 m. p Durnomago m. p. XXX. Corisennis XXX. Lindo XXX. in Medio XV. ad Abum XV. unde transis in Maximam ad Petuariam m. p. VI, deinde Eboraco, ut supra, m. p. XLVI. Iter XVIII. ab Eboraco per medium insula: Clausentum usqve sic: Legiolio m. p. XXI. ad Fines XVIII m.p. XVI. m. p. XVI Derventione m. p. XVI. ad Trivonam XII. Etoceto XII. Manduesuedo XVI. Benonnis XII. Tripontio XI. IsannavariaXU. Brinavis XII. iElia castra XVI. Dorocina XV. Tamesi VI. Vindomi XV. Clausentem XLVI. Plurima insuper habebant Romanl in Brittanis castella, suis qvarqve muris, tunibus, portis & repagulis munita. Finis Itinerariorum. Qvod hactenus auribus, in hoc capite percipitur pene oculis intuentibus. Nam huic adjuncta est mappa Brittania artificialiter depicta, qva: omnia loca carters evidenter ex- primit , ut ex ea cunctarum regionum incolas dignoscere detur. Cap. VIII. Lustravimus jam Albionem, dissitae non procul inde Hibernia, eadem, qva hactenus usi fuimus brevitate, descriptionem daturi. 11. Hibernia omnium , post Albionem diflam nuper, maxuine est ad occidentem qvidem sita, sed, sicut contra Septein:riones ea brevior, ita in meridiem sese trans illius fines plurimum protendens , usqve contra Hifpania Tarracontnsis septentrionalia, qvam- vis magno acqvore interjacente, pervenit. III. Mare, qvod BrittaniamSi Hibemiatn interfluit, undosum & inqvietum est, toto, ut author est Solinus , anno, non nisi aestivis pauculis diebus, navigabile. In medio inter ambas insula est, qva: olim appellabatur Monoeda, nunc autem Manavia. IV. Hibernia autem, & sui status con- ditione, & salubritate ac serenitate aeris, mul- tum Brittania prsstat , ut opinatur Beda, ita, ut raro ibi nix plus qvam triduaria reinaneat, nemo propter hiemem aut foena secet aut stabula fabricet jumentis. V. Nullum ibi reptile videri soler, nulla: vipera? aut serpentes valent. Nam sa?pe ilio de Brittania allati serpentes mox, ut proximante terris navigio odore aeris illius adtacli fuerint, intereunt. Qvin potiis omnia pene, qvx de eadem insula sunt, contra venerium valent. Deniqve vidimus, qvibusdam a serpente per- cussis rasa folia codicum , qvi de Hibernia fuerunt, & ipsam rasuram aqva: imissam ac potui datam talibus prot'nus totam vim veneni grassantis totum inflati corporis absumsisse ac sedasse tumorem. VI. Dives lactis & mellis insula, nee vinearum expers, piscium volucrumqve, sed & cervorum caprearumqve venatu insignis, ut author est venerabilis Beda. VII. Cultores ejus, inqvit Mela, incon- diti sunt & omnium virtutum ignari, magis qvam alia: gentes, aliqvatenus tamen gnari pietatis ad modum expertes. Gens inhospita & bellicosa a Solino Polybistore dicH sunt. Sanguine interemptorum hausto prius vicTores vultus suos oblinunt. Fas ac nefas eodem animo D E SITUBRITANN1M. "5 animo ducunt. Puerpera , si qvando marem edidit, primos cibos gladio imponit mariti, inqve os parvuli summo mucrone, auspicium alimentorum leviter infert, & gentilibus votis optat, non aliter qvam in bello & inter arms mortem oppetat. Qvi student cultui, dentibus mari nantium belluarum insigniunt ensium capulos, cnndicant enim ob heburneam clari- tatem. Nam prscipua viris gloria est in annorum splendore. VIII. Agrippa, geographus Romanus, tongitudinem Hibernix DC. inillia passuum esse, latitudinem vero CCC. sta f uit XX. olim gentibus habitata , qvarum XVIII. littus tenebant. IX. Hare autem propria Scottorum patria erat, ab hac egiessi, tertiam in Albiane Britto- minis Hyperboreo Oceano alluitur (Palat. codex addit. idem vocatur congelatus Oceanus & Saturnius & mortuus.) Boreum promontorium. Venicnium promont. Vidua; flu. Ostia. Argitar flu. Ostia. Rhobogdium promont. Occident, latus incolunt Venicnii. Deinde reliqvuin & orientale Rho- bogdii. Descriptio lateris Occidentalis, cui adjacet occidentalis Oceanus. Post boreum promont qvod est. Rhavii flu. Ostia. Nagnata urbs insiguis. Liboji flu. Ostia (Pal.Libnii&Lirnnii.) Ausobx flu. Ostia, Seni flu. Ostia. Dur flu. Ostia. Jerni flu. Ostia. Notium promont. Q 3 Po*c 126 KXctv&ov IlrsAf/Aftisu yeaygaQia aXftviwog. Tlapoiy.ouo'i $"e Tvp> nXevfccv /zeS' TOvg Ovmizviovg, EpStvoi. Palat. addit. 61 xou 'EfnreSiTavoi T<£' o6g tixyvxTXi 'EiTCl AVTSpCl 'YLnot. Txyyxvoi 'Tjy<«) &OWOV lovpvU (Pal. If/w's) Tiripmvrcti $s VYiJJ< e TCtpoi TVp> eepx- nxqv TXsvpav vto /xev tyiv o/jluvv- jjlov %epr6vvY d (T6v Hcvetvraa. Ylxp els £t). lAiTtx, 0% rode Aafivoviovc vpos avaro- Xxe apKTiyMTspot fiSV, onto TOO EtiSiou ciy.pou u? 7rp6g uvxrotii;, Em&oi Mf9* oils Kspuvec (P. Kp saves) Eirct KupvovxKca sits Kupqvoi. Kaw avaroAiyMTspoi kuI tsKsvrodoi Kopvafivioi 'Ato o*e tou AuiXafxovtou koXtov fis%pi rfc Ovxpccp ho~](6$ > KdCX^OVlOt Kcu vrep avTots KsAqSovios Spvpoc. ilv caot.Tofay£yrspoi $s Koivrca > /jls$' ctli Aoyot ffUvxTrovres toi$ Kop- vctfivioic. Km v7Tsp tou$ Aoyovg Msprxi. Long. hat. 20 30.59 10 21 40.60 00 21 30.59 20 22 45.59 2u 23 oi.59 30 23 30.59 00 20 10.59 co 21 00.58 45 Towards the north of them, hut more to the east, dwell the Damnii who inhabit the follawing towns. Calender. Aberdour. Cunie. Dunblane. (Lin-duin) Stir-ling. Ardoch. The Gadeni he more to tit north. The Otadeni more to the south; they have the following towns. Corbridge. Bramton. To the east of the Damnonii, hut more to the north , and on the east of the mull o/Kintire, are jffoEpidii» Beyond them the Kerones (Kearnes'). Then the Carnanach (Highlanders). More to the east and more remote are the Rofs shire-men. The country from Loch-Lomund to Glen-farrar is inhabited by the Caledonians i. e. Cael-y-dyn. Above them is Drum-Albin. More to the east are the Cathnefs men, next to them the inhabitants of Lochaber, who border on the people of Rofshire. Next to the Lochabrians are the inha- bitants of Mar, R 3 Above i3 2 Tirep deTOvslicetySoviovsOvcixoiJuyoi, Trap olg ffeteis TccfAtiot. YlTSpUTCV ffTpciToTreSov Tovsffn (£ Qopeo-is). TVo $e rovrov? SvtrfJUKunpoi [jJv> Ov&mcvtss) sit olg tto'Asis. Oppex AycijcXivMTepoi $sTt%u\oi (f.Tei;«Ae/) K«< iro^tg Ayovuvcc Ticikiv S'vto (J&v rods EXyovzg, m\ Tout Q.Tafyvo'vg JiijKOVTtg f<£' exk- repct TU n&xyvi Bptyuvreg, ev tig •tibXeig. Eireimev Oviwooviov KarovppcxKTOvio» KxAcctov Irovptw ViybSovvov OXixuvcs JLfio'pccxov Aeyiuv $ viK^opiog. K&ttovvXbSbuvov Ylpos Oii T£p) TU £vAl[A£VOV KOs\TOV , Tluptiroi, xm srbA/s TleTouapiu Tsrb Ss TovTovg kou Tovg BptyctvTzg OtKOVCl SvfflJUKUTUTU [tivj Opfoui- y.eg, ev oig zoteig Bpcwoy&iov KAuudiov TlToXepaiov •ytuy^atyict, ahftutaos. Long. Lnt. 24 oo 59 30 25 00.59 20 -7 15-59 20 26 54.59 10 26 15.59 45 19 00.57 45 18 3°-58 30 17 30.59 00 20 00.58 00 19 00.57 45 20 00.57 4° 18 00.57 3° 19 00-57 30 20 00.57 20 18 15-57 00 20 40.56 40 16 45.56 40 16 00.56 15 Above the Caledonians are the Murray- men who possefs. Ruthven c/Badenach. Ouare. Invemefs, Chanrie. Under them hut more to the east art tht Oenicones (Angus-men) who have tht fllorvittg totem, Ath-n'Rhi Invar. More to the east is Buclian. Aberdeen. Next to the Elgovae aud Otadeni, who extend to both seas, art the Brigantcs. Epiacum. Vinnovium. Caturactonium. Calatum. Isurium. Rhigodunum. Olicana. Eboracum Legio Sexta victrix. Camunlodunum. Apud hos penes sinuin portuosuin Parisi, fit urbs. Peru aria. Sub iis & Erigantibus, habitant magis ad occasum tendentes, Ordvices, penes qvos urbes. Mediolanium. Brannogeniuin. His KAuv&ov TlToXsficttev yewy^atpia, a\@vtuvof t »33 Tcvtuv ) Brun-Alban, i. e. Islandice limites Scotia. Catanenses Islandica lingua ucebantur. q) vid. Ran. Cest. Folyc. p. ico. & Gall. f~) Vox (,Fi3Q luud dubium hie redundac crrore scribts. *3? APPENDIX. EXCERPTA E CHRONICIS ANTIQVIS SCOTORUM. Prima Pars CHRONICI sive Catalogi Regum PICTORUM. E MS. Colbertm». I. Lruidnc filius Cingt Pater Pitlorum habi- tantium in hac insula C. annis regnavit. Seprem filios habuit hxc sun: noinina eorum: Fit, Fidacb, Floclaid, Fortreim, Got, Cecircum, Circui. Annis regn. 2. Circui 60 — 3- Fidnich 40 — 4- Fortreim 70 — 5- Floclaid - 30 — 6. Got- 12 — 7- Ce 15 — 8. Fibaid 24 — 9- Gedeolgudacb 80 — 10. Dtnbacnn loo — ii. Olfinecla 60 — 12. Guididgnedbrecacb 5° — 13- Gestgurticb 40 — 14. JVurgest 40 — IS* Brude-bout, (a qvo XXX. 43 — Bruit rcgnaverunt Hybern •tm a) &AU aniam Bet CL anuorum spati am) XLVIII. an. regn. Id est, Brudepant, Brude-urpant, Brude-Leo, BrS' de-urleo, Brude.gant, Brudt-urgtmt, Brude-guitb , Brude-urguitb, Brude-fee, Brude-urfec, Brudt' ca!,Brudc-urcal, Brude-cuit, Brude-urcuit, Brude- fec, Brude-urfec, Brudc-ru, Brudeuru, Brudt- gart, Brudeurgart, Brude-cinit, Brude-urcinit, Brude-inp , Brude-nrinp , Brude-grid , Brude' urgrid, Brude-muml, Brude-urmund. Annis regn. 1 6- Gilgidi 17. Tbaratt lg. Morleo 19. DeocilrtHon 20. Cinoiod filius Arcois 21. Dcoord 22. Bliciblhirth 23. Dectoteric frater Dili 24. Usconbuts 2J. Carvorst 26. Deoartavois 27. 28.. 29. 30. 101 100 40 7 5° 5 40 30 40 20 50 100 Via Ru Gartnoithboc, a qvo Garnait 4 Vtrt 9 3'* ti,i. Tunc enim fuic ills locus principalis, regalis & pontificalis, per aliqva tempora, totius regni Pu'iorum" APPENDIX, 139 5 S3- 1 554- 1 555- r 556. 30 A.D. An.regn. 46. Talorg (\l, Muirclwhicf) 542. n 47. Drest filius Munait 48. Gulam cum /JArp/j cum Bruide 49. Brides h) fil. Mailcom In VIII. /^ an. regni ejus bapti- tatus est a >?. Columba. 50. Gartnaicb filius Domekh 585. 5 1 . Neclon nepos FerbJ.O'Erb) 597. 52. Cineob filius Luthrin 6lJ. 53. Gurnard filius W74 54. Bridei filius /-F;'i 55. Talore frater eorum 56. Tahrcon filius En fret i. e. A/'w, £.6rf(i 57. Gartnait filius Donneli 661. 58. Drm frater 667. 59. Bredei filius J?/7i 674. 6o- Taran filius Entifidicb 695. 61. Bredei filius Dereli 699. 62. Necbton filius Dertli 710- 63. Dm» &/4//)i8coniegn. 725. 6 1. Onnust filius Urgust 730- 65. Bredei filius WWgust 761. 66- Ciniod filius fVirdecb 763. 67. £/p(» filius Wroid 775. 636. 640. 645. 657 II 20 II 4 5 13 4 6 7 21 4 11 15 5 3i 2 12 A.D. An.regn. 68- Drw/ filius Talorgan 779. 4J C9. Talorgan filius 0«na; 783. 2| 70. Canaul filius T), & occidit Celacb ; in VII. an. regn. annis. «) Fotbacb Episcopus pausavit: inter sui przdavit Anglos ad Amnem Tbesis & mul- at) Iijfr Caniculum y) sr." z) dorsum C»a£ titudinem rapuit liominum, & multa armenta (sic) in qvo Niger habuit victoria m, ubi ceci- * Dun- ptcorum qvam praedam vocaverunt Scotti dit Ducb.id Abbas * D'llcalden & Dttbdcu prxdarn Albudorum (sic, i. e. Nanudisi (f. sntrapasrjJ^f/jocWrtfZ>; expulsus NYgfr de regno Naven na Tise i. e. amnis lists). Alii autem & tenuit Caniculus brevi tempore. Domnall dicunt Cunstaminum fecisse banc pndam fil. Cu«;7/ mortuus est. II. Reginald M'Etolacb proculdubio. vid. Annates Vlton, ad An. 917. »0 Alias Brnueburg, Brimford, & B'tmynfeld. «) Geneatogia comitum Angusiae. Jnnrecbtaig, Dnffacban. MaolBbrid , Gil-Cov.g&n , Lugaid, vulgo Lulacb faruus. qvod ego mendam esse credo pro Lulach fratruus scilicet M' Death*, vocatur, enim, nepos filii Doi.'.e. Lulach habuit filiam qvx Angaria Mnrttvi* comiti, nupsit. \ id. Annul. Ult, 0) L. Edvard, v. E.idv.nd. p) L. Alttavia. itin-all>in) Hihtrnict significant. a) Atlwlice, APPENDIX, «43 II. Cukn-rig V. annis regno. Marcan Annis regn. fil. Breodalaig occisus es in ecclesia S. Micbae- scepit regnum Albania i. e. a monte Us, Leot & Sluagadacb exierunt ad Roman», Drum-alban usqve ad mare Hibernia M»elbrigd b) Episcopus pausavit. Cellacb c) & ad Incbegall. Iste regnavit fil. Ferduhig d) regnavir. Maelbridge filius Dubicatt obiit. Culen & frater ejus Eochodius occisi sunt a Brittombus. 12. Cinadius fil. Mtielcolami regn. ann. Statim prardavit Brhanniam ; ex parte, pedestres Cinadi occisi sunt maxima cide in wo»i uacornax (sic) , & ad Staugna e) de 2?«'«. Cinadius autem vallavit ripas vadorum Fort bin. Primo anno perrexit Cinadius & prrrdavit Saxoniam & tiaduxit filimn regis Saxonum. Hie est qvi tiibuit magnain civitatem y) Brecbtie domino. 3 5 32 22 34 Qvarta Par*. Chronica Regum SCOTTORUM CCCXIV. Annoritm. Ex cod. MS. Colbmint). I. Fergus-mor filius EWc fuit primus, qvi de semine Cbonar su- 2. Domangard fil. 3. Co 7/jgrt/ fil. Domangard g) 4. dabran frater Comgail 5. Conali filius Comgail 6. Aodan filius Gabhrain 7. Eochaid buide i. e. flavus b") filius Aodan 16 — 8. Conttad cear i. e. Sinister i) filius Com/ tribus mensibus. 5. Fearchad fil. Ev k) j<7»' longi j 15. £ogrt7i 2) filius Fercbar 13 — 17. J) Episcopus S. Ajifretf, di&us & Malisins. c) Episcopus S. Andrea; successor Miliiii sive MMrigid. d") i. e. rcxit seu gubernavit. £• StagM de KjVzti f.Lochryan. f) Brechin ab Brekkii Island, declivitas. ») In plerisqve aliis catalogs 22 aut 24 anni tribuuntur regno Congalli, cui hie dantur 3? «rrore, lit videtur, scribs. />) Hie vocatur lingva montana sive Galica Eocha-fotydhe i. e. Eocha-fiavits, i) Hie patrio sermone vocatur connadh cearr, i, e. sinister. It) F. £«» ut in Catalog. 5. Andrea;. V) Lingva propria vocatur Donmal Breac i. e. varius. 1«) Hie deest nomen Maldvini Regis XI. oscitantia sciiba;. ?j) Lingva propria Ferchur-fadn D: longus, 0) Lingva veteri propria Euhtid-riimeval, p) Alias Avikelleth. j) £o5'» J & Heatgun. 14* APPENDIX. f. Car- ron. Annis regn. xS-Mttredacb r~) fil. Ainbcbellacb 3 — 17. Eogtin fil. Muredacb 3 — 18. Aod-fionn i. e. /4//>«j fil. Eocbal curvi nasi 19. Fergus fil. Aod-fion Vel 20. Sclbac fiL Eogan 21. j) Eocoid Attgbuid i. e. venenosus filius Edalbi. 22. Dungal filius Sclbac 23. Atlpin fil. Eocboid vene- nosi 24. Cionnod filius Alpini primus Rex Scottorum 25. Domnal t) filius Ailfm 26. Constant'm filius Cionnod 27. .^oi filius Cionaoda 23. Gairig filius Dungail 29. Donnal filius Constant'm 30 — 3 — 24 — 30 — 7 — 3 — 30. 3*- 32. 33- 34- 35' 36 37' 33. 16 — 4 — 20 — 1 — 12 — 11 — 25 — 9 — 9 — 4i - Constantin filius ^4o^ Malcolm filius Domnail N' Duhb filius Constantin Dubb filius Maoile Coluint Cultn filius N'Dubb Cionaod fil. MaoileColum 22 — Constaintin filius Ca/f» ji — . Cionaoda filius D«M i| — M.iholum filius Cionaoda 30 — *|- 17 — Hie mngnum bellum fecit apud * Cirrum. Ipse etiam multas oblationes tarn ecclesiis, qvam clero ea die distribuit. 39. Hie oscitantia scribx omittitur Doncad f. Crionain , Abbatis de Dunkelden. An. reg, mens. 40. Macbeata filius Fionlaoic (aliis Fingal) 41. Lulacb ficpos filii JSoiVe (i. e, j/epox M'Beoda) 42. Malcnlum fil. Doncada 43. Domnal frater ejus {Mal- colmi R.) regnavit 44 Duncbad fil. Malcolmi 45. Edgarus fil. Malcolmi 46. Alexander frater ejus 47. David frater ejus 48. Malcolm fil. «) filii (1. e. Henrici) Davidis 49. JVillrfmus frater ejus. Ab anno x) i°. Wilbelmi Regum .SVor- for«»» mini CCCXV. ^) Willebelmus Rex Rufus ■, filius Henrici f. Maoile-colum f. Doncbad, qvi fuit nepos Maoile» Colum f. Cinaoda f. Maoile-Colum f. Domnail f, Constamin f. Cinaoda f. Ailpin f. Eoco.d f. f. Aoda-fionn, f. Eocoid Angbud (sive ronenu bail) f. z.) Eocoid f. Domangard f. Domnailbreae f. Eocoid-buidbe f. Aodan f. Gabbrnn f. Doman- gard f. Fergus f. fire f. Eocoii-munramhar f. 4! 375 — 4 -7 — 6 9 — 17 — 3? — 12 -61 v, nomma regnm supra. r) Alias Mnr.hcb. i) Eocbal alias Eo£a, Eofcc/, Acbnjus nominatur t) Dofnai sive Dn'inald. h) SUpIe, Henrici. x ) i, .y) Scilicet ab unionc regnorum Piciotnm & Szmornm circa A. s) Forsitan redundac hoc nomen. e. A.D. MCLXV. D. 8J0. APPENDIX. MS Aongus-ftar f. Feidlimii-ahJingig, f. Aongus- Summ» Regum XXIII. iiinorvtm CCCXXVII. & 3 buidhe f. Ftidlimid-romnaich f. Scan-chormaic f. Cruith-lindt f. Findacb f. Achircir f. Ecbacb- antoir f. Fiachrtich - cathmail f. Citirbrt riogb- fhada f. Chonair f. Modba-lamhn f. Lughaidh- AUatach f. Cairbre-chrup-cbin (vel cbrom-cimi) f. Dair-dorn-moir f. Cairbre-fion-moir (vel fada-moir f Conar-moir f. Edtrsgeoil f. Eogain f. Oiliala f. J'ur f. Deagba f. 5"«/'« , f. Romj'ji f Jrtr f. Rnthrein f. A.randilt. Maine f. Forgo f. Fcredach f. 0;/;'o/ aronn f. Fiacbafear-mara f. Aongus-iuirmbeacb f Fear charoid f. F«rtr- rwr£ primus in .£: a * fil. Monetb M. Monet. 1 — 28 Tngahd 4 __ 29. Brude f\\. Me'cbon M. Melcbo. iq — Hunc ad fidem convertit S.Coltimlm. 30. Garnat fil. Domnach 2.0 — M. Gernerd f. Dnmnel. 31. N«i/i» fil. I» M. fil. /r6 21 — (forte M' Firb.) Hie idificavit Abernetbyn. 32. Jl »e/ fil. Luthren M. Kinet. 33. Nectan fil. e". Fottle 34. Brude fil. F«ie 35. Ttlarg fil. Fetobar M. 11 an. 11 mens. 36. Talargan fil. Amfrude M. fil. Cousind. 14 — 5 — 5 — 11 — 5 — 37- rf) Exemplar J.icubi Gray ex iisdem S. Andre* monumentis, ut appsret, descriptum, nabet 100 ann. vixit, non aiitem rexit. Rex amiqvus Hiberni* etiam vocabatur Ce.ul.catbnch i. e. heFOS Centura prseliorum. «) Fot/e F,jt/je & Fetobar erronce pro Foirfc, Vid. Annales Vltoniennt. APPENDIX, t47 jff. Gar tint fil. Domnal M. Gurnard hi. Domiel, Annis regn, 5 — 38 Drust frater ejus 6 — 39 firwfc fil. 2?»7 — 45. Nethan fil. Derili 9 mens, M. Decili. 46 .<4fyi» fil. Ftrff 6 mens. 47. Oengusa fil. 2?rn Mac-Alpin 16 an. Super SVoror regnavit, destru£lis Pt£f»V. Mortuus in Fortevioth ; sepultus in Foaa insula, ubi trei filii Ere, scilicet Fergus, Loam & Enegus sepulti ftierant. Hie mira calliditate duxit Scotos de Argadia in terrain Piclorum. 25. Dovenald Mac-Alpin 4 an. Mortuusi in Raitb in Veramont (Inver-amond nunc Perth') sepultus in Yona insula. 26. Const antin Mac-Kinath 16 an. Inter- fe£tus est a Norwegensibus in bello in Merdo «) Fatba (lege Inver-dovet) sepultus in Fo«n insula. 27. Ed Mac-Kinet 1 an. Interfe£tus in bello in Strathalin (f. Stratbyla vel Stratbern) a G;>g filio Dungal sepultus in Jona. 28 G/rg Mac-Dungal 12 an. Mortuus est in Dundurn (Dun-doir vel forsitan Dun- durn ad Lacum Erti) & sepultus in Jfonrt. Hie subjugavit sibi Hyberniam totam & fere Angliam, & hie primus dedit libertatem eccle- sia? Scothanec, qvae sub servitute erat usqve ad illud tempus ex k) constitutione & more Ptctorum. T 2 29. f) Forte JWji Bbtede. 2) In charta donationis ff«H»r Ecdesiae de Kilrimcnt vocatur Ferath filius Bergeth; dicitur enim qvod Ebana filius Diidabrazb instruinentuin scripsic ret>-i Ferath fil. Bergeth ,in villa Migdak, (hodic Meigle) ubi mulca antiqva monumenta pi£tica exstant. fr) Haboiiir in veteri codice bibl. Cotton, (Vitellius A. 10.) exemplar hujus chronici regum Scatornm a Kenctbo & dsinceps. i) tVerdo fatb.1 MS. Cotton. k~) C nsvecudine MS. Cotton. 148 APPENDIX. f. Mon- y-vaird. 29. Dovetail Mac-Constantin 11 an. Mov- tuus est in Fores & sepultus in Jon». 30. Const antin Mac-Edba 40 an. Hie dimisso regno sponte Deo in babitu religionis Abbas factus Keledeorum S. Andrea 5 an. /) & ibi moituus est & sepultus. 31 Malcolm-Mic Dovenald gan. Inter- 37. G;Vg j) Mac-Kinatb Mac-Duff' g'annis. Interfeclus a filio 2fr»« in * Moegbanard, sepultus in Jona insula. 38. Malcolm Mac-Kinatb Rex vicloiiosis» simus 30 an. Moituus in Glamis & sepultus in Jona iniula. 39. Donacbatb r) Mac-Trim Abbatis de feclus in Vlum (Vlrint) a Moraviensibus m) Dunkeld & Betboc filia? Malcolm Mac-Kinatb alXoch- gosnane al M' Beth M' rinael. 6 inn. Interfectus a Macbeth- Mac-Finleg in * Botbguanan & sepultus in Jon,'.. 40. Macbeth * Mac-Fmlcg 17 an. Inter- fectus in Lunfanan a Malcolm Mac-Donchat & sepultus in Jona. 41. Lu'.acb fatuus 4 mens. Inter- sepultus in Jona. 3 1. Induff (N' Dubb) MacCoustantin 9 an. InterfeeUis a Nortvagensibus in Iuverculan 1 (Cullen) sepultus in ^ona. 33. Duff Mac-Malcolm 4 an. & 6 mens. Interfectus in Furw & absconditus sub ponte de Kinlos ; & sol non apparuit qvamdiu ibi feclus est in £^fi in Stratbbolgin & sepultus latuit ») sepultus in Jona. in j^oHit. 34. Culin Mac -In duff 4 aim. & 6 mens. 42. Malcolm Mac-Donechat 37 ann. & Interfeclus ab Andarch (forte Indrecbtaig) filio 8 mens. Interfecrus in Inner nldan (i. e. Alnwick') Dovcnald propter fib'am suam in Laudonia. sepultus in Jon: Hie fuit vir S. Mar- 35. Kinatb Mac-Malcolm 24 an. «ScsmenS. gareta. Interfeclus in Fotherkern a suis per perfidiam 43. Donald Mac-Donechat prius regnavit e>) Finella filio: Cunechat comitis de Angus; 6 menses & postea expulsus est. cujus FincUa filium unicum prsediclus Kinatb 44. Donekan Mac-Malcolm regn. 6 men», interfecit apud p) Dunfinoen. Hoc interfecloa /) Malpeder Malcoen Comite de 36. Constantin Mac Culin if an. Inter- Moerns in Monacbedin: rursum Donald Mac- feclu* a Kinatb filio Malcolm!, in Ratbveramoen Donechat regnavit 3 annis. Hie captus est ab (Ratb-inver-Amoni.e.Castrutn ad osuumAmondi Edgar MacMalcolta, carcatus est & mortuus Scilicet Perth), & sepultus in ^0»«, in I) Servivit MS. Cott. m) Per dolum Cott. n) Et inventus est & Cotton. ») Forte Finekch filii Cenchobar Comitis de Angus; Finthch vel F;'wge/ crcderem fuisse avum MBcth*. p) Nunc Fm-cv/m-castle in Angttsia. q) Girg vel Gi r, r irnw videtur Grittgtifft appellari ab Islandicis scriptoribus. -,) Mac tri'.i C. (al. M'Ttimi forte M'Grimi, atijve idem cum Albttimcb vel Btmchone. s) Forte Malbtth M' Gil-Owen, APPENDIX. 149 in Roscolpin , sepultus in Dunkeldcu , hinc translate ossa in 'jfona. 45. Edgar 9 an. Moituus in * Dunedin rg, & sepultus in Dunfermling. 46. Alexander 17 an. & 3 mens. & dim. In- Mortuus in * Crasleti, Sep. in Dunfermling. 47. Ddvii 29 an. & 3 mens. Moituus in Carleolo, sepultus in Dunfermling. 48. Malcolm fil. Henrici filii David 12 an. & 6 mens. & 20 d'eb. Mortuus apud J^rf- word sepultus in Dunfermling. 49. WiMmus 52 an. Mortuus laStrivtlin, sepultus in Aberbroihok, cui successit. 50. Alexander fil. /F/Z/. 34 an. & 8 mens. Obiit anno 1249 in expeditione in qvadam * insula Erregetbal