SPANISH ARMADA, THE TAPESTRY HANGINGS OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS, REPRESENTING THE SEVERAL' ENGAGEMENTS BET\VeEN THE ENGLISH AND SPANISH FLEETS. JOHN PINE, Engraver. REPRODUCED IN HELIOTYPE FROM AN ORIGINAL COPY IN THE COLLECTION OF CHARLES HERVEY TOWNSHEND. WITH An Appendix containing Biographical Sketches of the Principal English Commanders Knighted by the Admiral at Sea, Jiily 26, 1^88. BOSTON: BY HOUGHTON, OSGOOD AND COMPANY. €J)c CmiilinDgc. 1878. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 9 https://archive.org/details/spanisharmada15800pine . 'A I THE SPANISH ARMADA, 1588. THE TAPESTRY HANGINGS OE THE HOUSE OF LORDS, REPRESENTING THE SEVERAL ENGAGEMENTS BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND SPANISH FLEETS. JOHN PINE, Engraver. 1 REPRODUCED IN HELIOTYPE FROM AN ORIGINAL COPY IN THE COLLECTION OF CHARLES HERVEY TOWNSHEND. WITH An Appendix containing Biographical Sketches of the P7'mcipal English Commanders K^iighted by the Admiral at Sea, July 26, 1588. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY HOUGHTON, OSGOOD AND COMPANY. t 1878. Copyright, 1S7S, By CHARLES HERVEY TOWNSHEND RIVERSIDE, CAMBRIDGE TEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY H O. HOUGHTON AND COMPANV TAPESTRY HANGINGS OF T H K HOUSE of LORD S; UoprcliMitnig the fevernl E N G A G E M E N T S » E T W E E N T H E ENGLISH ■m<\ SPANISH FLEETS, In fhc ever ineinorablc Year &i ijlxxxviii, Wirli the Portraits of the Lord Hioji-Adiiiiral, and rlic other Noble Coimiuniders, taken from the Life. To whieli aiv aihU-il, From a Book entitlwl, ExpedilionU Uijlmnontm in Angliam irrn Deferiptio, A. D. done, as is fiipjK)lod, h)r the laid Tapclrry to be \eork'd after. irM, Ten CHARTS of the Sea-Coasts of England, And a Gen krai One of Engl(f?nU Srotlam/^ IrdaKd, Framr^ Holland^ Shewing tlic Places of Action between the two F l e e t s ; ' Ornamented with MEDALS If niek upon that Occasion, And other fiiitablc Devices. '■M Alfo AiiHisTORicAEAccouNTof cacli Days Adion, Collected from the moft Auheiitic Manulcripts and Writers. By yOHN PINE, Engraver. LONDON, MDCCXXXIX. c T O THE KING. SIR, T Humbly beg Leave to prefent to Your Majefty, thefe Reprelentations of the Hangings in the Houle of Lords, which contain the leveral Vidories obtained a- gainft the King of Spain in iy88. That the lame glorious Succels may at- tend your Majelly, whenever your Fleets lhall be engaged with any of your Ma- jelly ’s Enemies, is the hearty Prayer of Tour MAjESTTs Mojl dutiful and mofi obedient Subjeif and Servant, JOHN PINE RISERS S U B S C His Royal Highnefs the P R INC E ^ W A L E S. His Royal Highnefs the DU K E. His mojl Serene Highnefs the P R IN C E o/^ORANGE. T" Grace the Duke of St. Alban’s. K—i His Grace the Duke of Ancafter. J. J- His Grace the Duke of Argyll and Greenwich. His Grace the Duke of Athol. rhe Right Honourable the Earl of Albemarle. IThe Right Honourable the Earl ^ Aylesford. The Right Honourable the Lord Abergavenny. The Right Reverend the Lord Eifhop of Sc. Alaph. Sir Jofeph Ayliffe, Bart. 2 Setts. The Honourable Richard Arundell, Efp Richard Arnold, Efq% Jacob Aftley, Efq\ Mr. Chriftopher Anderfon. His Grace the Duke of Beaufort. His Grace the Duke of Bedford. His Grace the Duke of Bolton. His Grace the Duke of Buccleugh. The Right Honourable the Earl of Burlington, 2 Setts. The Right Honourable the Lord Bruce. The Right Honourable the Lord Bathurft. The Right Reverend the Lord Bijhop of Bangor, 2 Setts. The Right Honourable the Lord Verc Beauclerk. The Right Honourable the Lord Baltimore. Sir George Beaumont, Bart. Sir John Bland, Bart. Sir Roger Burgogne, Bart. Sir Thomas Brand, Knt. Thomas Bacon, EJq-, Henry Barham, Efq\ 'William Bajrners, Efq-r Nicholas Bayley, Efq-, Nathanael Blackerby, Eiq\ The Honourable Martin Bladen, Efyt Thomas Bladen, Efq\ Walter Blackett, Efq\ Robert Briftow, Efq-, Thomas Brian, Efq-, Alexander Brodie, JoQah Burchett, Ejq% The Rev. Dr. John Burton, Mafter of Winchefter School. Robert Burd, Efq-, Samuel Burroughs, Efq-, Robert Byng, .Efq-, His Grace the Duke of Chandos. The Right Honourable the Makquis of Caernarvon. The Right Honourable the Earl of Cardigan. The Right Honourable the. Earl of Coventry. The Right Honourable the Earl of Chefterfield. The Right Honourable the Earl of Cholmondeley. The Right Honourable the Earl of Clarendon and Rochefter. The Right Honourable the Earl Cowper. The Right Honourable the Lrd Craven. The Right Honourable the Lord Carteret, Sir James Campbell, Bart. Sir 'William Carew, Bart. Sir John Hinde Cotton, Bart. Sir William Courtenay, Bart, Sir Francis Child, Knt. Alderman of London, Sir Clement Cottrell, Knt. Trinity College Library in the Umverfitytf Cambridge, Richard Chandler, Efq-, James Chetham, Efq-, The Rev. Dr. Alured Clarke. Matthew Clarke, M. D. John Codrington, Efq-, John Conduit, Efq-, Thomas Coplefton, EJq^i Thomas Corbett, Efq-, The Honourable Spencer Cowper, Efqn William Cowper, Efq% James Cockburn, Efq-, John Crawley, Efu Mrs. Crewe. John Crewe, fun. Efq\ Jofeph Crewe, Ef^, Thomas CrolTe, Efq-, Andrew Crofle, Efq% J ohn Crofle, Efqs 'hilip Carter, A. M. Mr. Charles Cary. His Grace the Duke of Devonlhire. HU Grace the Duke of Dorfet. The Right Honourable the Earl of Darnley. The Right Honourable the Lord De La Warr, Sir James Da fh wood, Bart. 2 Setts. Sir Francis Henry Drake, Bart. Sir Charles Dalton, Knt. The Honourable General James Dormer. Robert Douglas, Efq\ Mr. James Deacon, fun. Andrew Ducarel, Efq-, James Douglas, Efq-, Thomas Duncombe, Efq-, The Right Honourable the Earl of Exeter. The Right Honourable the Countefs of Exeter. The Right Honourable the Earl of Effingham. The Right Honourable the Earl of Egmont. Sir Richard Ellys, Bart. The Honourable Richard Edgeumbe, Efq-, The Honourable George Evens, Efq-, Mr. Charles Egleton. The Right Honourable the Earl of Fitz- Walter. The Right Honourable the Earl of Findlater. The Right Honourable the Lord Vifeount Falconbergh, The Right Honourable the Lrd Foley. The Honourable Mr. Juftice Fortefeue. Sir Robert Fagg, Bart. Sir John Frederick, Bart. Sir Andrew Fountaine, Knt. The Honourable John Finch, Efq-, of Cavendilh Square. The Honourable Duncan Forbes, Efq-, Nicholas Fenwick, Efq-, Thomas Foley, Jun. Efq-, Matthew Frampton, M. D. of Oxford, Thomas Frederick, Efq-, Richard Frewin, M.D. of Oxford. His Grace the Duke of Grafton. The Right Honourable the Lord North and Guilford. The Right Honourable the Lord Gower. The Eighty Honourable the Lrd Gallway. The Right Honourable the Lrd Grey. The Right Honourable the Lady El iz. Germain, t Setts. Sir Robert Grofvenor, Bart. The Honourable Vil'i\\\ 3 io.he:ve.toa Gower, Efin Henry Gardie, Efq-, Francis GauflTend, EJq-, Edward Gibbon, Efq-, Weftby Gill, Efq-, WilKam Gore, Efq-, Edward Le Grande, Efq-, Charles Gray, Efq-, of Colchefter, Mr. John Godfrey. His Grace the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon. The Right Honourable the Earl of Hallifkx. The Right Honourable the Lrd Hardwick. Nicholas Hardinge, Efqy Edward Harley, Efq-, Michael Harvey, Efq-, Carleton Hayward, Efq-, Eol. Thomas Herbert. Francis Haywood, Efq-, Thomas Hill, Efq-, The Reverend Dr. Hodges, Prevoft »/ Oriel Cdlege Oxford. Henry Hoarc, EJq-, Richard. Hoare, Efq-, Thomas Strangways Horner, EJq% John Hylton, Efq-, William Handley, Efq-, Mr. Samuel Haynes. Mr. Gerrard Howard, The R^bt Honourable the Lrd Vifcoustt Irwin. Sir William Irby, Bart. Juftinian Ilham, Bart. The Honourable and Reverend Mr. Ingram. Captain Thomas James. Cdonel Charles Ingram, "^C/ATlQl fits SUBSCRIBERS. Jib Graci the Duke of Kent. Sir J 5 hn Lifter Kaye, Bart. Edward Kinafton, Efq\ Thomas King, Efqi His Craot~thi T>ukt of Leeds. The Right Honourable the Earl of Litchfield. The. Right Honourable the Lord I.ovell. The Right Reverend the Lord Bifhop of L-andaff. The Right Honourable the Lord Chiif JuJlice Lee. Sir Darcy Lever, Knt. LL. D. Lancelot Charles Lake, Efq-, John Lethieullier, Efq-, George Liddell, Efq-, Thomas Lifter, Efq-, Mr. Charles Lowth. Hit Grace the Duke of Marlborough. His Grace the Duke of Montague. His Grace the Duke of Manchefter. The Right Honourable the E,arl of Macclesfield. The Right Honourable the Earl of Mai ton. The Right Honourable the Lord Monfon. Sir John Morgan, Bart. Sir William Morris, Bart. 2 Setts. J. R. Madan, Efq-, Pierce Manaton, Af. D. of Oxford. Benjamin Martyn, Efq-, Thomas Mafter, Efq-, Thomas May, Efq-, Richard Mead, M. D. Philip Mercier, Efq-, 2 Setts. Richard Mitchell, Efq-, John Machell, Efq-, Maule, Efq-, Thomas Morgan, Efq-, Thomas Moftyn, Efq-, Mr. Solomon Merrett. His Grace the Duke of Norfolk, 2 Setts. His Grace the Duke of Ncwcaftle. The Right Honourable the Earl of Northampton. Sir Michael Newton, Bart. The Honourable James Noel, Efq-, George Noyes, Efq-, The Right Honourable the Earl of Orrery, The Right Reverend the I,ord Bijhop of Oflbry. The Right Honourable Arthur Onflow, Efq-, Speaker of the H. of Commons, General James Oglethorpe. Nathanael Oldham, Efq-, Leak Okeover, Efq-, Samuel Ongley, Efq-, William Oflialdeflon, Efqi Jonathan Oldham, Painter, Mr. Edward Oakley. In the Univerfity of Oxford the following Libraries, Chrift-Church College. Trinity College. All-Souls College. Jefus College, Wadham College, His Grace the Duke of Portland. The Right Honourable the Earl of Pembroke. The Right Honourable Micajah Perry, Efq-, Lord Mayor of London, The Honourable Mr. Juftice Probyn. Sir Erafmus Philipps, Bart. The Honourable Henry Pelham, Efq-,, The Honourable Stephen Poyntz, Efq\ Charles Palmer, Efq-, Humphry Parfons, Efq-, Alderman of l.ondon. Thomas Pitt, Efq-, John Plumptree, Efq-, David Polhill, Efq-, Arthur Pollard, Efq-, Thomas Potter, Efq-, Richard Powys, Efq-, Newdigate Poyntz, Efq-, Thomas Prowfe, Efq-, Mr. John Perkins. Mr. William Pate, IVoollen-Draper. His Grace the Duke of Queenfberry. Hts Grace the Duke of Richmond, LcBOX, and Aubigny, 2 Setts. His, Grace the Duke of Rutland. NAMES The Right Honourable the Lord Petre. The Right Honourable the Lord Sherard Manners. The Honourable Sir jehn E'yles, Bart. Poftmafter General. Papillion Ball, Efq-, John Carew, Efq-, The Right Honourable the Earl of Rockingham. The Right Honourable the Eqrl of Rochford. The Right Honourable the Lord Romney. The Right Honourable the Lord Raymond. The Right Honourable the Lord Chief Baron Reynolds, Geard. Andrew Reibhe, Efq-, 2 Setts. Richard Rawlinfon, LL. D, R. S, S. Francis Reynolds, Efq-, William Robinfon, Efq-, Mr. John Roeque. The Right Honourable the Earl of Suffolk. The Right Honourable the Earl of Shaftfbury. The Right Honourable the Earl of Scarborough, The Right Honou'rable the Earl of Strafford. The Right Honourable the Earl Stanhope. The Right Reverend the Lord Bifhop of Sarum. The Right Honourable the Lord Charles Noel Sonierfet, Sir Jer. Vanacker Sambrooke, Bart. Sir William Sanderfon, Bart. Sir Brownlow Sherard, Bart, Sir Hans Sloane, Bart, Sir William Stapleton, Bart. The Honourable Edward Southwell, Efq;, The Honourable John Spencer, Efq-, Samuel Sandys, Efq-, The Reverend Mr. Archdeacon Sayer. Charles Sav.age, Efq-, John Sawbridge, Efq-, Thomas Scawen, Efq-, Gervaife Scroope, Efq-, John Selwyn, Efq-, Thomas Sergifon, Efq-, Edward Seymour, Efq-, Peter Shakerley, Efq-, The Honourable John Sherard, Efq-, Powell Snell, Efq-, The Reverend Dr. Shippen, Principal of Brafen-Nofe College, Oxford. Uriah Shudal, Efq-, Richard Shuttleworth, Efq-, Theodore Smith, Efq-, Robert Smith, Efq-, J.imes Sotheby, Efq-, Paulet St. John, Efq-, Mr. Ch.irles' Scriven. Mr. Symonds, Bookfeller. The Right Hotwurable the Earl of Tankerville, The Right Honourable the Earl of Thomond. The Right Honourable the Lord Vifcouut T orrington. The Right Honourable the Lord Fj/rottB; Tyrconriel. The Right Honourable the Lord Talbot. The Right Honourable and Reverend Richard Trevor, D. D, John Talbot, Efq-, John Tempeft, Efq-, Tie Honourable John Temple, Efq\ The Reverend Dr. Thiftlcthwayte, Warden of Wadham College, Oxon, Edward Thompfon, Efq-, Robert Trefufis, Efq-, Cholmly Turner, Efq-, William Vaughan, Efq-, The Right Honourable the Earl of Warwick atsd Holland. The Right Honourable the Earl of Warrington, 4 Setts. The Right Honourable the Earl Waldegrave. The Right Honourable the Earl of Wilmington. The Right Honourable Sir Robert Walpole. The Right Honourable the Lord Chief JuJlice Willes, Sir Thomas Webfter, Bart. Sir Thomas Wheate, Bart. iSir William Wyndham, Bart.' Sir George Wynne, Bart. Sir Charles Wager, Knt. Sir George Walter, Knt. Edward Walpole, Efqi James Weft, Efq-,, Francis Whitworth, Efq Lawrence Williams, Efq-, Charles Hanbury Williams, Efqi Watkins Williams Wynn, Efqi William VlWmtc Efqi Mr. John Williams. Mr. Timothy Wyld. The Rev. Mr. John Wyatt, Mafter of Felfted School, in Effex. ‘The Right -Honourable SirW illkm Yonge, Bart. Mr. Thomas Hyam, Merchant. Mr. Andrews Jelfe. Charles Peers, Efqi William Roope, -Eff, OMITTED. to A N ACCOUNT OF THE SPANISH INVASION In the Year mdlxxxviii. T he Defeat of the Spanish Armada being the moft glorious Victory that was ever obtained at Sea, and the moft important to the Britijh Nation, every Method deferves Ibme Praife, that may in a iliitable Manner propagate the Memory of it. Our Anceftors, that were perfonally interefted in it, were lb careful it Ihotild not pals into Oblivion, that they procured the Engagements between the two Fleets to be reprelented in ten curious Pieces of Tapeftry, with the Portraits of the feveral Ettglijh Captains, tak^n from the Life, worked in the Borders, which are now placed, fome in the Royal Wardrobe, Ibme in the Houle of Lords, the moft auguft Aflembly of the Kingdom, there to remain as a lafting Memorial of the Triumphs of Britijh Valour, guided by Britijh Counfels. But becaule Time, or Accident, or Moths may deface thele valu- able Shadows, we have endeavoured to pre- ferve their Likenels in the preceding Prints, which, by being multiplied and difperfed in various Hands, may meet with that Secu- rity from the Clolets of the Curious, which the Originals muft fcarce always hope for, even from the Sanctity of the Place they are kept in. Thus far we have been able to go within our own Province; but as a more particu- lar Detail of the Circumftances of this glo- rious Expedition, which lye blended in our Hi- ftories with other Matters, may not be alto- gether unacceptable, we lhall beg Leave to of- fer the following brief Account of it, colle^ed from the moft authentic Writers and Manu- Icripts. SECT I. T H E Author and Undertaker of this ever memorable Expedition was Philip II. King of Spain^ eldeft Son of the renowned Em- peror CharlesY. In the Year 1554. he married Mary I. Queen of England, with a View of u- niting, by this Marriage, the Englijh Dominions to thole large and noble Territories of which he was Heir-Apparent. But all his Proje£b were defeated by a Falle-Conception the C^een had in 155s; and efpecially by her Death, which happened on Nwemb. 17, 1558. — In 1555, OSiober 25. he became King of Spain, and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging, upon the voluntary Relignation of his Father Charles V. As to King Philipps, real Views and Motives in this Expedition, they feem to have been thefe : 1 . A firm Hope and certain Profpe6I as he imagin’d, of eafily acquiring fo confiderable an Addition to his Dominions, as the flourilhing Kingdoms of England and Ireland. Kingdoms whole Advantages and Excellencies he was well acquainted withal; and from whence he could be continually fupplied with Tin, Lead, Wool, and many other ufeful, neceffary, and profita- ble Commodities. II. He was alfo excited by another Motive, which is generally fufficient for Conquerors; A and 2 AN ACCOUNT OF THE and it was this: England and Ireland ftood very convenient for him, as being near his Do- minions in the Low-Countries j and might, by their advantageous Situation, and the many good Harbours they abound with, have rende- red him Mafter of the Trade and Navigation of thefe Northern Parts of the World; and, what is more, they would have enabled him to carry it on throughout all North and South- A- merica^ exclufively of all others ; which is fuch an Advantage as cannot well be exprefled. III. Moreover thefe Iflands had proved, and might always prove a grievous Thorn in his Side. For, by reafon of their Situation, the Englijh could, at any Time, almoft totally ob- ftrudf the Navigation of the Netherlands^ and deftroy all their Traffick by Sea. Becaufe, as it mull unavoidably be carried on almoft with- in Sight of the Britijh Coafts, fo long as the Inhabitants of thofe Iflands remained indepen- dent of him -, and were Mafters at Sea, they could feize, with the utmoft Eafe, the Shipping fent from the Ports of Flanders to the feveral Parts of the World. What lay therefore fo convenient, and was in other Hands fo dange- rous a Neighbour, muft be purchas’d at any Rate. IV. Revenge may be alTigned as another Motive of this Expedition. C^een Elizabeth had affifted all along the States of the United Provinces, in their feveral Attempts to fhake off the Spanijh Yoke. Now, that furely was a very great Provocation : And Forgivenels of Injuries, it is well known, was then, no more than at prefent, a Spaniard'’ s Virtue. To be revenged therefore of fuch a conftant Enemy as Elizabeth had been, may well be fuppos’d to have been an additional Inducement to this Un- dertaking. V. This other important Motive is aftigned by HackluyS " ‘‘ King Philip deemed this to be the moft ready and dire£l; Courle, to re- “ cover his hereditary Pofleflion . of the Low- “ Countries. For, having with little Advan- “ tage, for above twenty Years together, waged “ War againft the Netherlands^ after mature “ Deliberation, he thought it moft. convenient “ to aflault them once more by Sea, which had “ been fruitlefsly attempted feveral Times be- “ fore for want of fufficient Forces. And he “ thought good to begin with England.^ being “ perfuaded, that the Conqueft of that Ifland “ was lefs difficult than the Conqueft of Hol- “ land and Zealand. Moreover, the Spaniards “ were of O- inion, that it would be far more * See Grotli Hill. lib. i. p. 1 17. Fol. ^ Vol. I. p. 591, 592. behoveful for their King to conquer England ‘‘ and the Low-Countries at once, than to be “ conftrained continually to maintain a warlike “ Navy, to defend his Eaji and JVejl-lndia “ Fleets from the EnglijhP Thefe (with a Defire of reftorlng the Roman- Catholick Religion) feem to have been the real and true Motives of this great Expedition. The Reafons alledged by Philip were thefe k I. That Elizabeth had, from the firft affift- ed his rebellious Subjects in the Netherlands., with Men and Money, and fpirited them up againft him, her greateft Friend and Benefaftor; whom fhe was indebted to for her Life, when her Sifter Queen Mary and Gardiner were for removing her out of the Way. II. Drake, and others of her Subjedfs, had committed feveral Depredations in Spain and America. III. She had been fo unnatural as to flop his Money, when, for fear of Pirates, it had been landed in her Dominions ; and had put an Embargo on the Veflels employed to carry it to the Low-Countries : (As is related by Cam- den, under the Year 1568.) IV. She had acknowledged his Enemy Don Antonio King of Portugal, and armed him a- gainft Spain. V. That it was by her Inftrudfion and Ad- vice the Duke of Alenpon had been crowned King of Brabant. VI. And, moreover, fhe herfelf had accept- ed the Sovereignty of the Low-Countries, and fent the Earl of Leicejler thither with confider- able Forces; which was an open Declaration of War. VII. That he undertook it, to revenue the Death of the innocent Queen of Scots. VIII. And in Compliance with the Holy Fa- ther Innocent VIII.’s earneft Injun£fions, who ceafed not to exhort and importune him, to a- boliffi Herefy in England, and replant the Ro- man-Catholick Religion there. In fhort therefore, the Aim and Defign of the King of Spain in this great Expedition, w as to conquer England, in order to come more eafily at the revolted Netherlands, and facili- tate their Redudfion to his Obedience; as alfo, for the Sake of fo meritorious an A£hon, as the bringing this Ifland back to the Catholick Religion: And to be revenged, at the fame Time, for the Difgrace, Contempt, and Dilho- nour, he had, at feveral Times, received from 3 Strada Dec. II. 1 . 9. the 3 SPANISH INVASION. the Engltjh Nation ; and for divers others real or pretended Injuries, which had made a deep Impreffion on his proud and revengeful Spirit. Animated and furred on by thefe Motives, King Philip made fuch vaft Preparations for his intended Conqueft, as had hardly ever been known before in any Age, or Nation : Whe- ther we confider the Time fjjent about them 5 or the prodigious Strength and Quantity of the Materials of all Kinds that were provided. As for the Time fpent about thefe Prepara- tions; King Philip feems to have form’d this Defign as early as the Year 1583. + For, in that Year, he ordered Alexander Duke of Parma, Governor of the Low-Countries, to procure an exafl Account and Defcription of the Harbours, Caftles, Rivers, and Roads be- longing to England, and tranfmit them to him ; which was accordingly done: And in this Francis Tdorockmorton appears to have been concerned. But, according to Rapin, ^ this Proje6l was formed by Philip only from the Time Mary Queen of Scots had been perfua- ded to convey to him her Right to England, as being the only Means to reftore the Ca- tholick Religion ^ : According to the received Maxim in the Church of Rome, That an He- retick is unworthy and incapable of enjoying a Crown ; Philip thought he might juftly claim that of England, as being the next Catholick prince defcended from the Houfe of Lancafler', namely, from Catharine Daughter of "John of Ghent Duke of Lancajler, married in 1389 to Henry, then Prince, and afterwards King, of Caftile. Upon this Defcent therefore, and the Queen of Scots Conveyance and Will, he had projedled the Conqueft of England. However it be, or whenever thefe Prepara- tions were begun, it is certain that King Philip aflembled fo powerful a Fleet, and fo well fur- nifhed with all kinds of Provifions and Am- munition, that, thinking it unconquerable by human Power, he gave it the Title of the Invincible Armada. ^ This Fleet conlifted of one hundred and thirty two Ships, (befides twenty Caravels for ♦ Strada, Dec. II. 1 . 9. s Vol. II. p. 135. * Mary Queen of Scots, the Day before (he fuffer'd Death, did under her own Hand in the French Tongue, declare, “ That her “ Son (hould not inherit England, if he remained a Proteftant, <• but that the Right of the Kingdom fliould be tranflated to Philip King of Spain." Rug. Tritonii Fita Fin. Laurei Cardin. 7 This Account is according to the Lifts below. But it will be proper to obferve, that Authors do very much difi^ in their Ac- counts of this Armada, and the feveral things belonging to it. Ac- cording to T'huanus, it contifted of 150 Ships of all Sorts; 140 lays Grotius-, J30 Camden and \-^gStrada\ 128 Speed-, 150 Hakluyt-, 160 others, &c. — Tuns 57868, Spanijh Book, Hakluyt, Purchas. — Cannons 26^0.- Hakluyt. Thuanus (1600 of Brafs, and 1050 of Iron.) 2630. Camden, — Sailor 8450 Spanijh Books, 8009 the Service of the Army, and ten Salves with fix Oars apiece,) containing fifty nine thoufand one hundred, and twenty Tons ; three thoufand, one hundred, and fixty five Cannons; eight thoufand, feven hundred, and fixty fix Sailors ; two thoufand and eighty eight Galley-Slaves, and twenty one thoufand, eight hundred, and fifty five Soldiers; befides Noblemen and Vo- luntiers *. For there was not a Family in Spain of any Note, but what had a Son, a Brother, or a Kinfman in the Fleet’. Of thefe Volun- tiers there were two hundred and twenty four ; attended by four hundred and fifty fix Ser- vants bearing Arms. There were alfo two hundred and thirty eight Gentlemen more, maintained by the King; with one hundred and fixty three Ser- vants. An hundred and feventy feven Perfons, with two Engineers, one Phyfician, one Sur- geon, and thirty Servants belonging to the Ar- tillery; eighty five Phyficians and Surgeons for the Hofpital-Ships ; three and twenty Gen- tlemen belonging to the Duke of Medina- Sidonia\ Court, and fifty Servants ; feventeen Superlntendants General of the Army; and one hundred Servants more, belonging to them, or to the Officers of Juftice, who were twenty in Number Nay even there were in it one hundred and eighty Capuchins, Dominicans, Jefuits, and Mendicant Friars ; with Martin Alarco, Vicar of the Inquilition, And becaufe none were allowed to have Wives or Concubines on board, fome Women had hired Ships to follow the Fleet; two or three of which Ships were driven by the Storm on the Coaft of France ". Moft of the Ships of this Armada were of an uncommon Size, Strength, and Thick- nefs, more like floating Caftles than any thing elfe ; and they were cafed above Water with thick Planks to hinder the Cannon-Balls from piercing their Sides. The Mails alfb were braced round with ftrong pitched Ropes, to fave them from being foon fhatter’d or broke by the Shot. Thuanus, ^t,^o Camden, Strada. — Soldiers, 20000 Thuanui and Stow, 19295 Spamjh Book, 19290 Camden, 18857 Strada. * Thuanus, lib. 89. 9 Difcourfe of the Armada by D. .Archdeacon, being a Tranfla- tion of the Spanijh Account, Land. 1588. Lediard'% Naval Hiftoiy, p. 234, (Sc. According to Strada there were 220 Noblemen and Gentlemen, 354 Voluntiers; Their Servants 624; Priefts, Surgeons, and other Otficers, and Servants 669. Decas ii. lib. 9. •' Thuanus, lib. 89. " Being the chofen Veflels of all K. Philip's Dominions, exceflivc monftrous, beyond all the Navies that ever had been feen in Cbri- Jlendom. Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 16. Then 4 AN ACCOUNT OF THE Then as to Ammunition, this Fleet had a very great Number of Cannons, double Can- nons, Culverlns, and Field-Pieces for Land- Service ; feven thoufand Mulkets and Calie- vers ; ten thoufand Halberts and Partizans 5 one hundred and tw^enty thoufand Cannon- Balls; one hundred C^intals of Lead for Bullets (each Quintal being a hundred weight,) twelve thoufand Quintals of Match ; fifty fix thoufand Quintals of Gunpowder; and alfo. Waggons, and other Carriages ; Horfes, Mules, and other Inftruments and Necelfaries for Con- veyance by Land; Torches, Lanthorns, Can- vas, Hides, Lead ; Chains, Whips, Butcher- ing-Knives, Halters, and other Inftruments of Death and Slavery ; and Spades, Mattocks, Balkets, and every thing elfe requifite for Pio- neers Work ; as alfo eight hundred Mules for drawing the Ordnance and Carriages. Proportionable to thefe Forces was their great Store of Provifions of every Sort ; for, be- fides Ralfins in great abundance, they had eight thoufand Quintals of Filh; three thou- fand Quintals of Rice ; fix thoufand three hundred and twenty ' ^ Septiers of Beans, Peafe, eleven thoufand three hundred and nine- ty eight Pounds of Olive-Oyl ; thirty three thoufand eight hundred and feventy Meafures of Vinegar ; ninety fix thoufand Quintals of Bifcuit ; three thoufand four hundred and fifty eight Quintals of Goats Cheefe ; fix thoufand five hundred Quintals of Bacon ; one hundred and forty feven thoufand Pipes of Wine ; twelve thoufand Pipes of Water, ^c . — Pro- vifions in a word they had for fix Months ; and fo well furniftied were they, that Sir Fran- cis Drake obferves, in a Letter of his, they had Provifions of Bread and Wine fufficient to maintain forty thoufand Men for a whole Year. The whole Fleet, in general, is faid to have contained thirty two thoufand Perfons, and coft every Day thirty thoufand Ducats The General of the Land Forces, and the Commander in Chief in the whole Expedition, was Don Alfonfo Perez de Guzman^ Duke of Medina Sidonia ; and the Admiral was Don "Juan Martinez de Recalde. But it was not in Spain only, that fuch great Preparations were carrying on, for the •3 Difcourfe of the Armada by J). Archdeacon, T'huanus, Ledi- ard, Hakluyt, Purchas, &c. 1200,000, ‘Thuan. 20,200 Harris, 220,000 Speed, 119,000 Spanijb Book. '5 Laqiiei certe, & plura necis inftrumenta, aut Jervitutis inter Jpolia vi/itatf" Grotii Hilt. p. 118. See Letter to B. Mendoza, in the Pojlcript, p. 37. Difcourfe of the Armada, &c, Tiuanus, Lediard, fs’c. Invafion of England. For, Alexander Duke of Parma was alfo making on his Side prodi- gious and amazing Preparations, to aflift in this grand Defign. He gathered together out of Spain, France, Savoy, Italy, Naples, Sicily, Germany, and e- ven out of America, a very confiderable and choice Army; confifting of about forty thou- fand Foot, and three thoufand Horfe ; out of which he feleifled thirty thoufand Foot, and eighteen hundred Horfe, that were to be ready to pafs into England. Thefe Troops were quarter’d as follows : Near Nieuport there lay ready thirty Companies of Italians ; ten of Walloons-, and eight of Scots, and as many of Burgundians : At Dixmude were eighty Com- panies of Netherlander s ; fixty of Spaniards ; fixty of Germans-, and above feven hundred fugitive Englijh, Scots, and Irijh, under the Command of Sir William Stanley, and Charles Nevil Earl of Weflmoreland. There were moreover four thoufand Men pofted at Cur- rick, ancF nine hundred at Watene. For the Tranfportation of thefe Forces, the Duke of Parma prepar’d Ships at Nieuport, Dunkirk, Antwerp, and other Places ; and caufed fome new ones to be built with fuch Expedition, that they feem’d, as Strada ex- prefles it, ^Ho be transform’d in a Moment, from Trees into Ships. More particularly : In the River of IFat- ten he caufed feventy flat-bottom’d Boats to be built, each of which could carry thirty Horfes ; and to each of them were Bridges fitted for the convenient Shipping, or Landing of the Horfes. There were in moft of them, two Ovens for baking Bread, with a great Quantity of Sad- dles, Bridles, Hamels, and a good Number of Draught-Horl^, to draw the Engines, Can- nons, and other Ammunition, after the Spa- niards Ihould be landed. Of the fame Form he had provided two hundred other Veffels at Nieuport, but not fo large. And at Dunkirk he had aflembled thirty eight Men of War ; for the navigating of which, he had hired Sai- lors from Bremen, Hatnburgh, Emden, and Genoa. In their Ballaft he had put a great Quantity of Beams, or thick Blanks, lharpned at the Ends, and covered with Iron ; but full of Clafps and Hooks on the Sides, that they '3 A Septier is twelve Bulhels. Strype’s Annals, tom. iii. p. 45 r. ’’ Hakluyt, vol. I. p. 593. “ And, as Thuanus computes it, before it failed from Lijbon, it had flood K. Philip in Centies vicies centena millia aureorurn, lib. 89. above two Millions. ’■ Strada Dec. II. 1 . 9. Hakluyt, Speed’s Chron. •3 Decad. 1 . II. p. 9. Thuan. lib. 89. Hakluyt and Purchas, might SPANISH INVASION. might be ealily joined together. At Gravelings he had provided twenty thoufand Calks, which might in a fhort Time be faftened together with Nails and Cords, and reduced into the Form of a Bridge. Whatever, in a Word, was neceflary for making Bridges, or for choaking up the Mouths of Havens and Rivers, was by him got in readinels. And he had even cau- fed a great Pile of wooden Faggots to be laid near Mieuports for erecting a Mount or Ram- part. Whilft he was thus furnilhing himfelf with all proper Veflels and other Neceffaries, he caufed the {hallow and fandy Places of Ri- vers to be cleared j and had deep Channels cut in proper Places, from Ghent to Tfendycks SluySs and Nieuport, on purpoie to convey the Ships built at Antwerp, Ghent, ^c. into the Sea. Finally, he alTembled at Bruges above one hundred Hoys loaden with Provifions, which he defigned to bring into the Ports of Flanders, either by the Way of Sluys, or through the forementioned Channels. The Duke of Guife had alfo twelve thou- iand Men on the Coaft of Normandy, ready to land in the Weft of England as foon as the SpanishArmada had enter’d the Chan- nel 5 but the Spaniards coming two Months later than they intended, (or for (bme other Reafons) the Duke difmilTed his Forces about the End of yune. And that this famous Expedition might be fupported with Ipiritual as well as temporal Weapons Pope Sixtus V created Wtllia7n Allen, a feditious Englijh Prieft, Cardinal ; and fent him as his Legate into the Low-Countries, with a Bull ; wherein, after enumerating the leveral Caufes of Complaint the See of Rome had againft Queen EliTsabeth^ (namely her (lip- prcfling the Catholic Religion, her putting the Queen of Scots to Death, ^c.) he renewed and confirmed the Sentence of Excommunica- tion pronounced againft her by his Predecelfors Pius V and Gregory XIII, deprived her, as illegitimate, and an Ufurper, from all Princely Dignity, and Dominion over the Kingdoms of England and Ireland', abfolved her Subjedfs from their Allegiance; and ftridily enjoined them, upon Pain of God Almighty’s Difplea- fure, not to lend her any Help or Affiftance, but to join the Spanijh Army, and the Duke of Parma^s Forces, as foon as they fhould be landed: Promifing withal a plenary Indul- gence and the Pardon of all their Sins, to as *5 Stow, p. 746. ** l^huan, 1 . 89. *7 Welwood’% Memoirs, pi 8, 9. Camden, Thuanus, 1 . 89. many as would engage in fo laudable an Un- dertaking. Such were the extraordinary Preparations made by the Spaniards for invading England. Preparations fo great and fo dreadful, that all Europe was alarmed at them. Moft Sovereigns expe^ed for fome Time, with the utmoft Hor- ror and Aftoniihrnent, where the threatening Storm, which had been fo long gathering, would at laft fall. But this, though kept as a great Secret, did not long efcape the great Sir Francis IFalJingharAs Sagacity. He had Intelligence from Madrid, that King Philip had told his Council, he had dilpatched an Ex- preis to Rome with a Letter writ with his own Hand to the Pope, acquainting him with the true Defign of his Preparations, and alking his BlelTmg upon it ; which for fome Reafons he would not yet difclofe to them, ’till die Return of the Courier. The Secret being thus lodg’d with the Pope, JFalftngham, by the means of a Fenetian Prieft retain’d at Rome as his Spy, got a Copy of the original Letter, which was ftolen out of the Pope’s Cabinet by a Gentle- man of the Bed-Chamber, who took the Keys out of the Pope’s Pocket whilft he flept. Up- on this Intelligence Wdlfmgham found a Way to retard the Spanijh Invafion for a whole Year, by getting the Spanijh Bills protefted at Genoa, which Ihould have fiipplied them with Money to carry on their Preparations. Queen Elizabeth, it may well be fuppofed, could not help being extremely anxious about the IlTue of the great and dreadful Preparations that were going on, to deprive her of her Crown and Dignity, and perhaps of her * ** Life. This inclined her more readily to embrace fome Overtures of Peace, made to her by the Spaniard : But it being foon found out that they were intended only to lull her afleep, and induce her, by depending upon a Peace, to be carelefs of her own Defence ; and moreover, Henry III King of France fending her Word, fhe ought to (land upon her Guard ; ftie did not therefore rely much on the Negociations in hand, but took all proper Meaflires for fe- curing herfelf, and protedling her Dominions. Her Situation was indeed very melancholy, and her Fears well grounded : For fhe was without fo much as one Ally abroad, except the United-Provinces, which therrifeives wanted AlTiftance; and at home fhe had a fadlious and '9 ~Eo confiUo, ut 'Regina, ob colloquium pads de defenfione fecura, fa- cilius opprimeretur : quam tamcn ilia mininte ncglexit. Thuan. 1 . 89. 3“ Grotius, p. 1 19. Hakluyt vol. i. p. 595. B difcon- 6 AN ACCOUNT OF THE difcontented Party, ready to join with the En- emy: But, by the Affiftance of Heaven, by her good Management, and the lincere Affe- dfion of the Generality of her People, fhe fur- mounted all Difficulties, and came off Con- queror. When fhe was fure the Spaniards Prepa- rations were defign’d againft her, that fhe might not be taken unprovided, fhe fitted out as ftrong a Fleet as fhe poflibly could ; and herein fo great was the Diligence of her Subjects, that diough her Preparations were begun but about the 1^ of November 1587, yet her Fleet was ready to put to Sea by the 20*^ of December the fame Year. Charles Lord Howard of Efingham, High Admiral of England, a Perfon of great Pru- dence and Bravery, was appointed Commander in Chief of this whole Fleet. His Inftrudhons were. To repair to the Weftward, in conjun- £hon with Sir Francis Drake Vice-Admiral, and Captain yohn Hawkins, and Captain Mar- tin Frobijher Rear-Admirals: At the fame Time, the Lord Henry Seymour, fecond Son of the late Duke of Some)-fet, had Orders to lye on the Coaft of Flanders, with forty Eng- lip and Dutch Ships (the latter under the Command of yujlin of Najfau, Admiral of Zealand) to prevent the Duke of Parma's put- ting out to Sea with his Forces. For Land Service, there were difpofed along the Southern Coafts of England twenty thou- fand Men. Belides which, two Armies were raifed of choice, well-difciplin’d, and experien- ced Men ; one (under the Command of Ro- bert Dudley Earl of Leicefler, confifting of one thoufand Horfe, and twenty two thoufand Foot,) was encamped at ’Tilbury, near the Thames Mouth, for the Safeguard of the City of London ; becaufe it was given out that the Spaniards, after having joined the Duke of Parma, intended to come up the Thames, in order to make themfelves Matters of the Metropolis of the Kingdom. The other Army, under the Command of Henry Carey Lord Hunfdon, confitted of thirty four thoufand Foot, and two thoufand Horfe, and was detti- ned to guard the Queen’s Perfon. Arthur Lord Grey, Sir Francis KnolleSy Sir yohn Norris, Sir Richard Bingham, and Sir Roger Williams, Knights, and excellent Soldiers, were chofen to conlult about the bett Way of managing the War at Land. After mature Deliberation, they thought fit that the mott convenient Landing-Places for the Enemy, as well out of Spain as out of the Low-Coun- tries, (hould be well mann’d and fortify’d, name- ly Milford- Haven, Falmouth, Plymouth, Port- land, the I lie of Wight, Portfmouth, the open Coatt of Kent called the Downs, the Thames Mouth, Harwich, Tarmouth, Hull, that the Train’d Bands, all along the Maritime Counties, Ihould meet in Arms upon a Signal given, to defend the faid Ports, and do their bett to prevent the Enemy’s landing; and, in Cafe of their landing, that they ftiould lay all the Country watte round about, and leave neither Booty nor Forage for them; that they ftiould annoy them Night and Day with con- tinual Alarms, fo as to give them no Reft; but not venture the Hazard of a Battle, ’till more Commanders with their Companies ftiould come up ; of whom one in every Shire was nominated Chief. Moreover, the a£live Queen, in order to quicken the Zeal and Diligence of her Sub- je£fs, efpecially of thofe who lay near the Sea- Coafts, caufed Letters to be lent to the chief of them : Wherein, after putting them in mind of the common and imminent Danger the whole Nation was in, ftie told them, that flie “ expected on this extraordinary Occafion, a “ larger Proportion of Furniture, both for “ Horlemen and Footmen; thereby to be in “ their bett Strength againft any Attempt what- “ foever, tq be employed, whether about her “ own Perlbn, or otherwile. And the Num- “ her Ihe required them to fignify to her Pri- “ vy-Council She required moreover the Nobility in the leveral Counties, to provide themfelves, and their Servants and Dependants in like manner, with Horfes and Armour, to be ready to repair upon Summons to the Queen, for Defence of her Perlbn : And to this Pur- pofe Letters were addrels’d to them from the Lords of the Council, by her Command. Such were the Dire6Hons given. And ac- COTdingly Cities, Countries, Towns, and Vil- lages, the Cinque-Ports, and all other Havens of England, manifefted as great Forwardnels in their zealous Love and Duty, as either Sub- je£fs could perform, or Prince expe£l:. The City of London, in particular, being requefted by the Privy-Council, to find five thoufiuid Men, and fifteen Ships, they willingly and cheerfully ftimilhed thirty Ships provided with all Neceflaries, and ten thouland able Men, well armed and trained ; belides which, they Shrype’s Annals, tom. Hi. p. 516. m Slew Chron. p, ^44. kept 3 ‘ Cotton MSS. 3 * Camden. SPANISH INVASION. kept in readinefs thirty thoufand Men more, prepared to march wherever there ftiould be Occafion”; and alfo lent the Queen fifty one thouland nine hundred Pounds, in ready Money, Then, as to the reft of the Nation ; As loon as it was reported that the Queen was come near London^ and the Spanijh Fleet ap- peared in the Channel, the greateft Part of the Nobility, except thofe that were obliged to ftay in each County on account of their Offices, repaired to London, to preferve the Queen’s Perfon; bringing with them goodly Bands of Horlemen, about five thoufand in all, and maintainii^ them at their own Charge ’till the Spanijh Navy was known to be paf- fed beyond Scotland: Thefe were the Lord Chancellor Hatton, the Earls of Lincoln, War- wick, Leicejler, EjJfex, Worcejler, and Here- ford ; the Lx)rd Vifcount Montacute ; the Lords Burghley, Compton, Morley, Rich, Dacres, Windfor, Audley, Sandes, Mor daunt, Lumley, Mountjoy, Stourton, and Darcy. In a Word, all Perlbns throughout Eng- land in general, unanimoufly concurred to be ready to ferve for the Defence of the Queen and Kingdom In this there was no Diffe- rence between the Catholic and the Proteftant, but herein appeared a perfedl: Sympathy, Con- courle, and Conlent of all Sorts of Perfons, without relpe6t of Religion. By this hearty Zeal, feconded with fuitable Endeavours, it came to pafs, that fome Counties were able to bring into the Field twenty thoufand, and o- thers even forty thoufand able fighting Men : The Maritime Counties, in particular, on the South and Eaft of England, from Cornwall to Lincolnjhire, were lb well fumiflied with a ftout and well regulated Militia, that there was no Place for landing foreign Forces, but within eight and forty Hours there colild re- Ibrt to that Place above twenty thoufand fight- ing Men, with Ordnance and other fuitable Provifions. And that the Popifh difcontented Party at home might neither join the Enemy, nor fa- vour their Defcent, the Queen caufed the moft « S/w’s Survey, Edit. 1720. B, i. p. 283. J* Letter to B, Mendoza, p. 23, 24, &c. v Ibid, p, 6, 7, 8. 3* Camden, 3 » Strada, Dec. ii. lib. 9. Camden, Rapin, vol. ii. p. 136, obnoxious of them to be imprifoned in Wif- bich-Cajlle in the Ifle of Ely. She alfo diredied Sir William Fitz-WUli- ams. Lord Deputy of Ireland, what to do, in cafe the Enemy fhould land in any Part of his Government, and pointed out to him what Precautions he fhould rife to hinder the Irijh from rifing. There remained only the King of Scots, of whom Queen Elizabeth had moft Reafon to be afraid j fince Ihe had newly given him an unpardonable Provocation, namely, in caufing his Mother to be publickly beheaded, who was a Sovereign Princefs, independent of her. This was fufficient to difpofe him, out of a Princi- ple of Revenge, to favour the Defcent of the Spaniards in one Extremity of the Kingdom, by making a Diverfion in the other. With that View he had been tampered with by the Duke of Parma, and had received from him Offers of A ffi fiance : But the politic Queen fo effe^lually carefs’d him, made him fuch ad- vantageous Propofals, and fo plainly convinc’d him, that the Lois of England would not fail of being attended with that of Scotland that he, fenfible of the common Danger wherewith he was threatened, declar’d the Spaniards E- nemies, and made Preparations againft them with great Chearfulnefs and Alacrity ; Giv- ing a ftri£l Charge upon all the Sea-Coafts, that the Spaniards fhould not be fliffered to land in any Part, but that the EnglijJo might land, and be reliev’d of any Wants : He moreover offer’d Queen Elizabeth his Forces, his Perfbn, and all that he could command, to be employed againft the common Enemy : And he humouroufly obferv’d upon this Oc- cafion'*’’, 'That h^ looPd for no other Favour from the Spaniards, than what Polyphemus pro- mid d Ulyfles, that he Jhould be referdd for the lajl Morfel. After this general Account, the Reader will undoubtedly be pleafed to fee a particular Lift of the Fleets on both Sides, which I have accordingly fubjoined hereunto. 4’ Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 30, 35. 4* See his Letter in Rymer’s Feeder a, tom. xvi. p. 18. 43 Camden, c SECT. AN ACCOUNT OF THE SECT. II. A complete Lift of the Spanijh Fleet, called die Invincible Armada'. The Squadron of Portuguefe Galleons, Sfc. under the particular Command of the Generaliffimo, the Duke of Medina. Sidonia. Number of Ships. Burden Tuns. Guns. Mariners. Soldiers. The St. Martin, Captain Ge neral of all the Fleet, 1000 50 177 300 St. yohn. Admiral General, 1050 50 170 231 St. Mark, 792 117 292 St. Philip, 800 40 117 41S St. Lewis, 830 40 1 16 376 St. Matthew, 750 40 50 177 St. yames. 520 30 100 300 Galleon of Florence, 961 52 100 300 St. Chrijlopher, 352 30 90 300 St. Bernard, 352 30 100 280 Zabra Augujlq, 166 13 SS SS Zabra yuli5 30 60, 230 810 40 40 250 569 20 60 170 862 2J 6j 200 900 30 80 2 JO 650 20 80 200 730 30 80 240 730 30 80 259 730 30 80 225 10 33 40 8692 315 776 2359 The Squadron of Gwypufcoay commanded by Don Mi- OHEL DE OqUENDA. St. Ann, General, 1200 5° 60 300 Ship, Our Lady of the Rft,l Admiral, j • 945 30 64 230 St. Saviour, 9 j 8 30 50 330 St. Stephen, 936 30 70 200 St. Martha, 548 25 70 180 St. Barba, 525 15 50 160 St. Bonaventura, 369 ^5 60 170 Mary, zgi 15 40 120 Santa Cruce, 680 20 40 1 50 Vrfa doncella Hulk, 500 i8 40 160 Annunciation Pinnace, 60 12 16 30 St. Bamaby, 60 12 16 30 Magdalene, 60 12 16 30 Pinnace, Our La^ of Guadalupe, 60 12 16 30 7192 296 608 2120 The Eajiern Fleet of Ships, called Levantifcasy command- ed by Don Martinez de Vertendona, The Ragazone, General, 1294 35 90 35® Rama, Admiral, 728 30 80 210 Rata, St. Mary, crowned, 820 40 90 340 St. yohn of Cecilia, 8S0 30 70 290 Trinity Valencera, 1000 41 90 240 Annunciation, 730 30 90 200 St. Nicolas, Prodaveli, 834 30 84 280 yuliana. 780 36 80 330 St. Mary of Pifon, 666 22 80 250 Trinity Efcala, 900 25 90 302 8632 319 844 2792 The Fleet of Ships, called Urcasy or Hulks, commanded by Don Joan Lopez de Medina. Great Griffin, General, 650 40 60 240 St. Saviour, Admiral, 650 30 60 230 Sea Dog, 200 10 30 80 White Falcon, 500 18 40 160 Black Caftle, 7jo 25 5 ® 250 Bark of Hamburg, 600 25 5 ® 250 Houfe of Peace, 600 25 50 250 St. Peter the Greater, 600 25 50 250 Sampfon, 600 25 50 2 JO St. Peter the Lefs, 600 25 50 250 Bark of Dantzick, 45 ® 26 5 ® 210 I Taken from the Spat^ Book printed in 15M. compar’d with Leiiard. mite 9 SPANISH INVASION. Burden T uns. Guns. Mariners. Soldiers, White Falcon, Mediana, 300 )8 30 So .St. Andrew, 400 '5 40 160 Little HouJ'e of Peace, 350 15 40 160 Flying Raven, 400 18 40 210 White Dove, 250 12 3 ° 60 Adventure, 600 40 60 Santa Barba, 600 19 40 60 Cat, 400 9 3 ° 50 St. Gabriel, 280 9 23 5° Efayas, 280 9 25 5° St. y antes. 600 19 40 60 Peter Martin, 200 3 ° 30 80 10860 466 95° 4170 Pataches and Zabras commanded by Don Antonio de Mendoza. Our ILady del Pilar de Saragojfa, 300 12 5° 120 Englijh Charity, 180 12 36 80 St. Aidrew of Scotland, 150 12 30 51 Crucifix, 150 8 30 5° Our Lady of the Port, 150 8 30 5° Conception of Caraffa, 70 8 30 5° Our Lady of Begova, 70 8 30 5° Conception of Capitillo, 60 8 30 5° St. Hieronymus, 60 8 3 => 60 Our Lady of Grace, 60 8 3 ° 60 Conception of Francis Lafero, 60 8 30 60 Our Lady of Guadalupe, 60 8 3 ° 60 St. Francis, 60 8 30 60 Holy Ghojl, 60 8 30 60 Our Lady of Frcnefda, 60 8 30 60 Zabra of the Trinity, 60 8 30 60 Zabra of our Lady del Czifro, 60 8 30 60 St. Andrew, 60 8 30 60 Conception, 60 8 30 60 Conception of Sommariba, 60 8 30 60 Santa Clara, 60 8 30 60 St. Katherine, 60 8 30 60 St. John de Caraffa, 60 8 30 60 Ayjiimption, 60 8 30 60 2090 204 746 I 103 The Lift of the English Fleet*. Ships. The Raleigh, Elizabeth Bomventure, Rambow, Golden Lion, White Bear, Vanguard, Revenge, Elizabeth Jonas, ViShi-y, Antelope, ‘Triumph, Dreadnought, Mary.Rofe, Nonpareil, Hope, Galley Bonavolta, Swipl-Jure, Swallow, Foreftgbt, Aid, Bull, Tyger, Tramontana, Scout, Achates, Charles, Moon, Advice, Martin, Sun, Signet, Brigantine, George Hoye, Tuns. Sailors. Captains. 800 425 C The Lord Charles Howard. \ Lord High Admiral. 600 250 The Earl of Cumberland. 500 250 The Lord Henry Seymor. 500 250 The Lord Thomas Howard. JOOO 500 Tile Lord Edmund Sheffield. 500 250 Sir William Winter. 500 230 ("Sir Francis Drake, Vice- L Admiral. 900 500 Sir Robert Southwell. 800 400 j Sir John Hawkins, Rear- 1 Admiral. 400 160 Sir Henry Palmer. 1 100 500 Sir Martin ForbiJluT, 400 200 Sir George Beflon. 600 250 Edward Fenton. 500 250 Thomas Fennar. 600 250 Robert Crofs. 250 William Burouffjs. 400 200 Edward Fennar. 300 160 Richard Hawkins. 300 160 Chriftopher Baker. 250 120 William Fennar. 200 100 Jeremy Turner. 200 100 John Bofiock. 150 70 Luke Ward. 120 70 Henry AJhley. 100 60 George Rigges. 70 40 John Roberts. 60 40 Alexander Clifford. 5° 40 John Harris. 5° 40 Ambrofe Ward. 5° 35 Walter Gower. 40 30 Richard Buckley. 3 ° 20 John Shrive. 35 Thomas Scot. 120 24 Richard Hodges. II 850 6279 2. Ships ferving by Tunnage with the Lord Admiral, WhiA’ Lion, 140 5° Charles Howard. he lour Galeafles of Naples, commanded by Don Difdain, 80 45 Jonas Bradbery. Hugo DE Moncada. Lark, 50 30 Thomas Chichefter. Edward of Malden^ 180 30 William Pierce. St. Laurence General, 5° 130 270 Marigold, 30 20 W '.lliam Newton. Patrona, 5° 112 180 Black Dog, 20 10 John Davis. Girona, 50 120 170 Catherine, 20 10 Neopolitana, 5° 115 124 Fancy, 5° 20 John Paul. Poppin, 20 8 200 477 744 Nigbtingal, 160 16 John Doate-, Thefe four Galeaffes had Slaves 1200. 75° 239 The four Gallies of Portugal, commanded by Don Diego de Medrana. The Capitaaa, 50 106 no Princefs, 5 ° io6 JIO Diana, S° 106 no Vazana, 5 ° 106 no 200 424 440 In thefc four Gallies were Slaves 888. * From a MS, in the 3. Ships ferving with Sir Francis Drake. The Galleon Leicefer, 400 160 George Fennar. Merchant Royal, 400 160 Robert Flyke. Edward Bonaventure, 300 120 James Lancafer, Roebuck, 300 120 Jacob Whitton. Golden Noble, 250 no Adam Seigar. Griffn, 200 100 William Hawkins, Minion, 200 80 William Winter. Bark Talbot, 200 90 Henry White. Royal Library, 14 B XIII. G Thomas I® AN ACCOUNT OF THE Ships. Tuns. Sailors. Captains. ‘fhinas Drake, 200 80 Henry Spendelow, Spark, 200 90 William Spark. Hopewell, 200 100 fohn Marchaunt. Galleon Dudley, 250 100 fames Erizey. Virgin, God-fave-her , 200 80 John Greenfield, Hope of Plymouth, 200 70 John Rivers. Bark Bond, J50 70 William Poole. Bark Bonner, 150 70 Charles Cafar. Bark Hawkins, J50 70 Pridexe. Unity, 80 70 Humplrry Sidnam. Elizabeth-Drake, 60 30 'thomas Seely. Bark Buggins, 80 50 John Langford. Frigat Elizabeth Bonnes, 80 50 Roger Grant. Bark Sellinger, 160 80 John Sellinger. Bark Mannington, 160 80 Ambrofe ManningtO) Golden Hind, 50 30 Bhomas Flemming. Makefoift, 60 40 Peerce Leman. Diamond of Dartmouth, 60 40 Robert Holland. Speedwell, 60 H Hugh Harding. Bear-Young, J40 70 John Young. Chance, 60 40 James Foues. Delight, 50 30 William Cox. Nightingale, 40 30 Jolm Grifiing. Carvel, 30 24 5120 2348 4. London Ships, fitted out by the City. Hercules, 0 0 120 George Barnes. Toby, 250 100 Robert Barret. May-Flower, 200 90 Edward Banks. Minion, 200 90 John Dales. Royal-Defence, 160 80 John Chefier, Afeenfion, 200 100 John Bacon. Gift of God, 180 80 Flmias Luntlowe. Primrofe, 200 90 Robert Bringboom, Margaret and John, 200 90 John Fifixr. Golden Lion, 140 70 Robert Wilcox. Diana, 80 70 Rirk Burre, 160 70 John Saracole. feigur. 200 90 William Cajar. Berfabe, Red Lion, 160 200 70 90 William Furthoe. Jarvis Wild. Centurion, 250 lOO Samuel Foxcraft. Paffport, 80 40 Chrifiopher Colthirfi, Moonflnne, 60 30 John Brough, Thomas Bonaventure, 140 70 William Adridge. Relief, 60 3 ° John King. Sufan Am Parnell, 220 80 Nicholas George. Violet, 220 60 Martin Hakes. Solomon, 170 80 Edmund Mufgrave. Ann Francis, 180 70 Chrifiopher Lifier. George Bonaventure, 200 80 Eleazar Hikeman. Jane Bonaventure, 100 50 fhomas Hailwood. Vinyard, 160 60 Benjamin Cook. Samuel, 140 50 John Vaffcl George Noble, 150 Bo Henry Bellinger. Anthony, no 60 George Harper. Foby, 140 70 Chrifiopher Pigott. Salamander, 120 60 Samford. Rcfe Lion, no 50 Barnaby ABon. Antelope, -120 60 Dennifon. Jewel, 120 60 Rewell. Paurice, 160 70 William Butler. Providence, 130 60 Richard Chfier. Dolphin, 160 ■70 William Hares. 6130 2710 5. Ck)afters with the Lord Admiral, Ships. Tuns. Sailors. Captains. Bark Web, 80 50 John Trelawny, 150 70 Hxmas Meeke. Hart of Dartmouth, 60 30 James Houghton. Bark Potts, 180 80 Anthony Potts. Little John, 40 20 Lawrence Cleyton, Bartholomew of Apjham, 130 70 Nicolas Wright. Rofe of Apfirnm, no 50 ‘Lhomas Sandy. , Gift of Apjham, 25 20 Jacob of Lime, 90 SO Revenge of Lime, 60 30 Richard Be^ord. William of Bridgewater, 70 30 John Smith. Crefeent of Dartmouth, 140 7 S Galleon of Weymouth, 100 50 Richard Miller. Katherine of Weymouth, 60 30 John of Chichefier, 70 SO John Young, Hearty Ann, 60 30 John Winoll. Minion tf Brifiol, 230 I lO John Satcbfield. Unicom of Brijto'l, 130 66 James Laughton. Handmaid of Brifiol, 85 56 Chrifiopher Pitt. Aid of Brifiol, 60 26 William Megar. 1930 993 6. Coafters with the Lord Henry Seymor. Daniel, 160 70 Robert Johnfon. Galleon Hutchins, 150 60 Thomas Tucker. Bark Lamb, 150 60 Leonard Harvel. Fancy, 60 30 Richard Feam. Griffin, 75 35 John Dobfon. Little Hare, JO 25 Matthew Raifion. Handmaid, 75 35 John Gatenbury. Marygold, 150 70 Francis Johnfon. Matthew, 35 16 Richard Mitchel. Sufan, 40 20 John Mu fgrave. William of Ipfioicb, 140 30 Bamaby Lewe. Katherine of Ipfimich, 125 50 Thomas Grimble. Primrofe of Harwich, 120 40 John Cardinal, Ann- Bonaventure, 60 50 John Canny. William of Rye, 80 60 William Coxon. Grace of God, 50 30 William Fordred. Ellnathan of Dover, 120 70 John Ladder. Reuben of Sandwich, 1 10 68 William Crippt. Hazard of Feverfham, 38 34 Nicolas Turner. Grace of Yarmouth, rso 70 William Mufgrave. May-flower, 150 70 Alexander i^fgrave. William of Brickelfca, 100 50 Thomas Lambert. John Young, 60 30 Reynold Veyzey. 224.. 1073 7. Volunteers with the Lord Admiral. Samfon, 300 108 John Mingfield. Francis of Foy, 140 60 John Rejbley. Heath-Hen of Weymouth, 60 30 Golden Rial of Weymouth, 120 60 Bark Sutton of Weymouth, 70 40 Hugh Prefion, Carowfe, 50 25 Samaritan tf Jfartmouth, 250 100 William of Flymoutb, 120 60 Gallego of Plymouth, 30 20 Bark Haulfe, 60 40 Greenfield Haulfi, Unicorn of Dartmouth, 76 30 Ralph Hawes. Grace of Apjham, 100 50 Wdter Edney. Tlnmas Bonaventure, 60 30 John Pentyre. Rat of Wight. ‘ 80 60 Gilbert Lea. Margett^ SPANISH INVASION. I r Ships. Tuns. Sailors. Captains. Margett, 60 46 William Hubberd, Elizabeth of Layfletf, 40 30 Raphael, 40 30 Nicolas Webb, Fly-boat Toung, 60 40 1716 859 8. Viduallers. Francis Burnell, B With thefe Inilru£iions, the Spanijh Fleet let fail on the 19''’ of May from the 'Tagus, and fteer’d for the Groyne, the Place of gene- ral Rendezvous. But they had not been long at Sea, before they were fo difperfed by a violent Storm, off of Cape Finiflerre, that fcarce the third Part of them reached, fome Days after, the intended Port: And three of the Gallies, by the Stratagem of David Gvyn, an Englifh Slave, affifted by fome of the Moorijh Rowers, were run into a Harbour of France In the mean time, the Lord Howard hav- ing continued a good while upon the Narrow Seas between England and Flanders"', fent Sir Trancis Drake towards the Weftern Coafts, with about fifty Sail, great and fmall \ intend- ing to follow himfelf, with a ftronger Force, if there Ihould be Occafion. For the prefent he remained in the Downs, with the Lord Henry Seymour his Vice-Admiral, where they had under their Command twenty Ships 1 k'- longing to the City of London, with leveral other Vcffels fitted out by the Coaft-Towns, from the Thames to Newcajlle. But News being brought of the Armada’s being ready to put to Sea, the Admiral left the Lord Henry Seymour with a convenient Number of Ships, to watch the Duke of Parma's Mo- tions; and fettlng Sail on the 21“ of May, with about thirty Veffels of all Sorts, arrived on the 2,3'^ at Plymouth. Here he was joined by Sir Francis Drake, whom he conftituted OTH Sides being thus fitted out, and his Vice-Admiral, and whole Squadron, by prepared for A(^on, let us now proceed, the Addition of fome Veflels from the Weftern Ports, amounted now to fixty Sail. The Lord Howard, upon his Arrival at Plymouth, gave Orders for the Vidhialling, and putting in Readmels, the whole Fleet, which now confifted in all of about ninety Ships and Barks. As focn as it was ready he put out Elizabeth Bmruenture of London, 60 Pelican, 50 Hope, 40 Unity, 40 Pearl, 50 ■Elizabeth of London, 60 fohn of London, 70 Barfaby, 60 Marygold, 50 White Hind, 40 Gift of God, 40 fonas of Alborough, 50 Solomon of Alborough, 60 Richard Duffield, 70 Mary Rofe, 70 8 10 “John of Barrfaple, 40 Greyhound of Alborough, 65 Jonas, 30 Fortune of Alborough, 25 Hearts-Eafe, 24 Elizabeth of Low Aftof, 30 A Galley, not fpecified by Name, 250 474 Henry Harpham. SECT. III. Thirdly, To give an Account of the Expe- dition, and the feveral Engagements between the two Fleets, with the final Event of the whole. The King of Spain's Inftru^hons to his Ge- neral, were'. To repair to Calais Road, and to Sea, and cniized at the Channel’s Mouth, there wait for the Arrival of the Duke of between Ujhen: and Scilly, looking out for the Parma, who had Orders to join him with his Spanijh Fleet. He thus continued cruizing for Fleet and Forces ; and, upon their meeting, to feveral Days, fometimes upon the Coaft of open a Letter diredled to them both, with fur- France, and fometimes upon that of England', ther Orders [particularly, to advance up the and, at laft, hearing nothing of the Spaniards, 'Thames, and attack London^ He was ftri^Uy returned to Plymouth, for a new Supply of enjoined, in the mean time, to fail along the Vi£hials, and other Neceffaries. Coafts of Bretagne and Normandy, in order to Mean while, fourteen Spanijh Ships were avoid being difeovered by the Englijh Fleet ; difeovered between UJhent and Scilly, which and if unexpe6bedly he Ihould meet them, not were afterwards known to have been Separated to offer Battle, but ad! only upon tbe De- from the reft of the Fleet by the late Storm, fenfive. But before they could be met with by any * MSS. in the Cottonian Library, 'Jul. F X. 17. fol. 1 1 1. E Englijh ’ Strada, Dec. ii. lib. 9. • Hakluyt, Camden. 12 AN ACCOUNT OF THE EngUjh Ships, they had a Northerly Wind, which carried them back to the Groyne’^ where, and at the neighbouring Ports, the whole Fleet took in their Soldiers and Warlike Provifions. The Spanijh Fleet, as has been faid above, had been difperfed, and fomewhat difabled by a violent Storm. This had like to have proved more fatal to the Englijh than to the Spaniards themlelves For it being reported all over Europe^ that the whole Spanijh Fleet was de- ftroyed. Queen Elizabeth and her Minifters thought' that it was at leaft fo damaged, as that it could not proceed ’till the next Year. Relying therefore upon this Intelligence, which they took for certain, Secretary Walfingham lignified the Queen’s Pleafure to the Lord High-Admiral, to fend back four of his largeft Ships into Port. His Lordfhip had, in the mean time, likewife Intelligences fundry ways, that the Enemy’s Fleet was difperfed into feve- ral Ports of Spain, diftrefled, fpoiled, in want of Provifions, and with a great Mortality a- mong the Men. This, however, happened to be only a falfe Rumour. The Lord-Admiral not thinking it fafe to depend upon fuch Un- certainties, when the Nation’s All was at Stake, got the Order countermanded 5 alledging how- dangerous it was to be too credulous in a mat- ter of fuch Importance, and that he would ra- ther keep the Ships out at his own Charge, than hazard his Country’s Safety. But, in or- der to be fully fatisfied, (as he was fure that the Coafts of England and France, which he had examined, were clear) he thought proper % with the Advice of a Council of War, to take the Opportunity of the firft Northerly Wind, and go in queft of the Spanijh Fleet, in the Groyne, and other Ports of Gallicia ; and there utterly deftroy it, if it were already fo dila- bled as was reported 5 or, if otherwife, to get certain Intelligence concerning its true State and Condition. Accordingly his Lordftiip made Sail for the Coaft of Spain, with a Northerly Wind, and held the fame Courfe for about three Days, from the to the i o"" of jlufy. He was not then above forty Leagues from that Kingdom, when being informed that the Enemy’s Fleet was not fo much damaged as reported, and the Wind coming to be Sou- therly, he judged it beft (as his Inftruftions were to guard the Englijh Coafts,) to return to Plymouth ; left the fame Wind ftiould bring the Enemies out, and carry them by him, un- feen, towards England. He arrived at Ply- ^ Camden Ann, and Burchett. 5 Cotton MSS. mouth the 1 2* of "July, and with great Expe- dition fupplied his Fleet with whatever Necef- laries were wanting. His Caution was indeed very leafonable: For with the lame Southerly Wind the Duke of Medina Sidonia failed, with the whole Fleet under his Command, from the Groyne, on the 12''’ of July, (the very fame Day the Lord Admiral arrived at Plymouth J and in two or three Days detached a Yatch to the Duke of Parma, with Notice of his being advanced fo far. He prefled him at the fame Time, to be ready with the Troops and Ships he was dire- cted to provide, in order to pals over into England under his Convoy, as foon as he Ihould be arrived in the Streights of Dover. While the Spanijh Fleet lay at the Groyne an Englijh Filherman that was taken and brought to that Place, gave the Enemies, ei- ther out of Ignorance or Delign, this falle Ac- count : “ That the Englijh Fleet had lately “ been at Sea ; but leeing no ProfpeCI of the “ Spaniards purfuing their Defign that Year, “ was returned, and the greater Part of the “ Men belonging to the Ships difcharged. ” This falfe Intelligence made the Duke of dina Sidonia deviate from his InftruCIions; and as he vainly fuppofed that he could eafi- ly furprize our Fleet, and burn or otherwife deftroy it, he refolved not to lofe fo glorious an Opportunity. Inftead therefore of going direClly to join the Duke of Parma, a Refo- lution was taken in the Spanijh Fleet, to bend their Courfe towards England. ’’ On the 16''' of July there was a Calm and a thick Fog ’till Noon. Then the North Eaft Wind blew very ftrong, and prefently after the Weft Wind ’till Midnight; and then the Eaft -South -Eaft Wind; infomuch that the Spanijh Fleet being thereby difperfed, was hardly joined again ’till it came within Sight of England. At length this Fleet, after an indifferent PalTage over the Bay of Bifcayy arrived July 1 9, in Sight of England, and en- tered the Channel. The firft Land they made was the Lizard, which they took to be the Rards Head near Plymouth’, but Night ap- proaching, they ftood oflF, defigning the next Morning to attack the Englijh Ships in Ply- mouth Harbour. The fame Day *, the Lord Admiral . was informed by Captain Thomas Flemming, Com- mander of the Golden Hind YmresLC^, who had been left io the Channel for Difcovery, that ‘ Lediard's Naval Hift, p. 254. J Camden, * Cotton MSS. the *3 SPANISH die Spanijh Fleet was feen near the Plate i, Wind being then South- erly, or South-Weft. Tho’ the Wind blew hard into Plymouth-Sound, and the Intelligence was not received ’till about Four o’ Clock in the Afternoon, yet his Lordlhip, with much Diligence and Induftry, got out the fame E- vening with fix of his Ships, and anchored with them alone the whole Night, without the Harbour. ® The next Day, yuly ao, the Lord High- Admiral, accompanied with fifty four Ships of his Fleet, that had plied out of the Sound, notwithftanding the South -Weft Wind, ad- vanced towards the Enemy. They were fcarce got as far as the Eddyflone, when they dilco- vcred, about Noon, the Spantjh Fleet to the Plate 2 Weftward, oppofite to Fowey, in form of a half Moon (the Points whereof were about (even Miles afiinder) coming flowly up the Channel, tho’ with full Sails. The Englijh fuffered them to pals by unmolefted, that they might chace them in the rear, with all the Advantage of the Wind, The next Morning, yuly ar, all the Eng- lijh Ships being then come out of Plymouth, and in number near a hundred, had recovered the Wind of the Spaniards two Leagues to the Weftward of Eddyjlone. About Nine o’ Clock, the Lord-Admiral fent his Pinnace, named the Defiance", to denounce War a- gainft the Enemy, by the Difcharge of all her GUns. He himfelf immediately feconded her from his own Ship, the Ark-Royal, by thun- dering furioufly on one of the Enemy’s, com- manded by Alphonfo de Leva, which he mif- took for the St. Martin, the Admiral’s Ship -, p but Ihe was, after a fmart Engagement, refcued by the Spaniards. In the mean time. Sir Francis Drake, Captain fiohn Haw- kins, and Captain Martin For bi (her, vigoroully engaged the Enemy’s fternmoft; Ships, under the Conduit of their Vice-Admiral Recalde-, in one of which Recalde himlelf was luppoled to be. He did all that a gallant Officer could do to keep his Ships together ; but the Fight was fo brilkly maintained, that, notwithftand- ing all his Endeavours, they were forced to retreat to the main Body of the Fleet; and at length, his own Ship being very much dama- ged with Shot, and grown unferviceable, he retired thither himlelf, tho’ with much ado. » Camden, Hakluyt, Purchas, Cotton MSS, &c. Cotton MSS. •» It is called the DiJ'dain in Cotton MSS. Eman, Fremofa's Examination, printed in 1588. In thefol- ’owing Engagements they loft twenty five Men more, Ihid. INVASION, In this firft Engagement Recatde\ Ship loft fifteen Men At the 'fame time, the Duke of Medina gathered together his Fleet‘d, which was dif- perled about ; and hoifting more Sail, held on his Courfe with all the Speed he could make. Nor was it in his Power to do otherwile, fee- ing the Wind favoured the Englijh, and their Ships were fo light and nimble, that they would charge, wind, and tack about with in- credible Swiftnels; whereas the Spanijh great and heavy Slugs, ftood like fo many Butts for the Englijh Shot. Although the Spaniards were fo brilkly charged by the Englijh, they made a running Fight of it; and, after a fmart Engagement of two Hours, the Lord High- Admiral thought fit to defift, becaufe forty of his Ships were not yet come up, being fcarce got out of Plymouth Haven So not proceed- ing any farther, he gave the Signal for a Council of War ; Wherein his Lordlhip’s prudent and confiderate Advice being very much approved. Orders were delivered to each Captain, in what manner they Ihould purfue the Enemy. The Night following, one of the Spanip Ships, called the St. Katherine, having recei- ved much Damage in the Fight, was brought into the midft of their Fleet, to be repaired And a large Bifcayan Ship of eight hundred Tuns, belonging to Michael de Oquendo, Ad- miral of the Guypufcoan Squadron, on board of which was the Treafurer of the Fleet, was defignedly fet on Fire by a Dutch Gunner, who had been ill ufed ; but the Spaniards took out the beft Part of the Money, when they faw the Ship in Danger ; and after her upper Part was burnt and blown up, the Flame was extinguilhed by fome Ships that came feafonably to her Affiftance. But one of them, a great Galleon, commanded by Don Pedro de Valdez, Iprung her Foremaft and Boltfprit, by falling foul of another Velfel in the Hurr)^ and Conftifion; and fo, not being able to keep Company with the reft of the Fleet, was left behind. The Night being ex- trenlely dark, and the Sea running lb hi^, that no Succour could come to her, Ihe fell the next Day, fiuly Z2, into the Hands of Sir Francis Drake ; who had her con- du6Ied to Dartmouth, and fent the Captain, and fome other Gentlemen who were on board, •3 Camden. h Cotton htSS. 's Camden. A Spanijh Officer had quarrel’d with him, and called him Traytor, imagining he had not done his Duty in the laft Engagement. Strada, Dec, ii, lib. 9. F Prilbners i6 AN ACCOUNT OF THE the third her Peak-head. Thus many Shots were interchanged between the Ark and Lion and the Gallealles, in Sight of both Fleets, which looked on, and could not come hear by Teafon of the Calm. At length it began to blow a fmall Gale, whereupon the Spanijh Fleet edo-ed up to fuccour their Gallealfes, and fo refcued them; but fo roughly were the Gal- leaffes handled, that after this none of them would venture upon any new Engagement. Then the Fleets drawing near one another the Fight was renewed ; but it did not conti- nue long ; except that the Nojipareil and the Mary Rofe were for fome time engaged with the Enemy, and ftriking their Topfails, lay a while by, and braved the whole Fleet of Spain. In the mean while, the 'Triumphyto the North- ward of the Spanijh Fleet, was fo far to Le- ward, that being apprehenfive fome of the E- nemy might weather her, Ihe towed off with the Help of feveral Boats, and fo recovered the Wind. The Bear and the Elizabeth yonas perceiving her in Diftrefs, bore down to refcue her, and by their Boldnefs put themfelves into the like Danger; but they, however, made their party good, ’till they had recovered the Wind. And thus ended this Day’s Fight, which was very fharp for the time. The Spaniards gave a different Account of this Day’s Engagement; for they faid that the Englijh did miferably batter, with their great Guns, the Spanijh Admiral, who lay in the rear ; came fo near him as to kill many of his Men ; brought his Mainmaft by the board; and he was in great Danger of being loft, had not Mexia and Recalde come timely to his Af- fiftance ; but that, after this, the Spanip Ad- miral and his Men, feconded by Recalde., and others, fet upon the Englip Admiral, who by the turning of the Wind happily efcaped ; that the Spaniards from that time gave over the Chace, and keeping on their Courfe, difpatch’d a Meflenger to the Duke of Parma, to defire him to come and join the Armada with his own Squadron as loon as poffible ; and to fend them withal fome great Shot for the ufe of the main Fleet. However it be, the Englip had fo batter- ed the Enemy in the laft Conflidl, that the latter had Recourfe to the Form of a Roundel for their better Security. On Friday, yuly 26, the Lord High- Ad- miral fent for the Lord Thomas Howard, the Lord Sheffield, Roger L'ownjend, Captain Mar- ** Cotton MSS. *9 Camden. J® Purchaf, Harris. 1' Camden, Cotton MSS, 3 * Cotton MSS, « Camden, tin Forbiper, Captain yobn Hawkins,, on board his own Ship the Ark ; and there confer’d on them the Honour of Knighthood, as well for a Reward of their good Services in the late Engagement, as for an Encouragement to the reft of the Officers. Next, a Council of War being held, it was determined, as our Ships began to want Powder and Shot, that they ffiould not attack the Spaniards again ’till they came to the Streights of Calais ; becaufe they would there be joined and reinforced by the Squadron un- der the Command of the Lord Henry Seymour and Sir IVilliam JVinter, ftationed in thofe Parts to block up the Duke of Parma', and might, at the fame time, receive a plentiful Store of Ammunition from our Coafts. So the Spanip Fleet failed forward, this and the beft part of the next Day, with a gentle Gale at South- Weft and by South, the Englip following them clofe, and driving them like Sheep before them ; and fo far was this Invincible Armada from alarming the Sea-Coafts with any frightful Apprehenfi- ons, that a great many of the young Nobility and Gentry entered themfelves Volunteers, and taking leave of their Parents, Wives, and Chil- dren, did, with incredible Chearfulnefs, hire Ships at their own Charge ; and, in pure Love to their Country, joined the Grand Fleet in vaft numbers : Among which were, the Earls of Oxford, Northumberland, and Cumberland the Lord Dudley ; Sir Fhomas, Sir Robert, and William Cecil ; Sir Henry Brooke, Sir William Hatton, Sir Charles Blount, Sir Walter Ra- leigh, Sir Robert Carey, Sir Ambrofe Willough- by, Sir Thomas Favafor, Sir Horatio Pallavi- cini ; Thomas Gerard, Henry Nowel, Edward Darcy, Thomas JFoodhoufe, William Harvey, Arthur Gorges, and others ; and at the fame time, the Juftices of Peace in the maritime Counties, as alfo the Earl of Suffix, Sir George Carey, and the Captains of the Forts and Caf- tles along the Sea-Coafts, fent Ships, Men, Powder, Shot, Vi£hials, and all kinds of Pro- vifions, for the Relief and Affiftance of the main Fleet. y^b ^ 7 * Day, towards the Even- ing, the Spanip Fleet came to an Anchor be- fore Calais ; intending for Dunkirk, where they were to join the Prince of Parma's For- ces; but their Pilots having told them, that, if they ventured any .ffirther, they ffiould be in danger of being carried away by the Force of 3+ Camden, T'huanus, Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 28. 33 Cotton MSS. 3 * Ibid. Harris. 3* Camden. the 17 SPANISH the Tide into the Northern Channel, for that Reafon they proceeded no farther than Calais the Englipt on their part, followed them dole, and- anchored within Culverin-Shot of them ; and, by the acceffion of the Ships under the Lord Henry Seymour and Sir William Winter^ confifted now of a hundred and forty Sail, all ftout Ships, and nimble and good Sailors ; tho’ the main Brunt of the Engagement lay but upon fifteen or fixteen of them. The Spaniards now fent feveral Meffengers, one after another, to the Duke of Parma^ to prefs and importune him to fend out forty Fly- Boats to their Affiftance ; without which, by reafon of the Unweildinefs of their Ships, they could not, as they faid, engage the light and a£five Veflels of the Englip ; they entreated him likewilc, with great Earneftnefs, to ufe all Speed in embarking his Army, and be ready to take the firft Opportunity, under their Pro- tection, of landing in England \ but it feems he was not ready, and fo could not anfwer their Summons; his flat-bottom’d Boats were all leaky, his Provifions not yet all brought in, and his Sailors, who had been hitherto kept together againft their Wills, had deferred in 'great numbers; befides, thirty five Men ot W^ar belonging to Holland and Zealand^ com- manded by Count yuftin de Najfau^ continued to block up the very Mouth of the Harbours of Dunkirk and Nieuport, from whence alone he could put to Sea ; and fo well were theyi furnilhed with great Guns and fmall Arms, that he could not poffibly put from Shore, without running a very great and manifeft Danger ; however, intending as foon as he con- veniently could, to join the Spanip Fleet, he lent a Pinnace to inform the Duke of Medina^ “ That he could not be ready for them ’till “ the Friday following, September 4 ; ” but the Spanip Fleet was forced to depart before that time, in the utmoft Hurry and Confufion. For, on yuly 28, the next Day late 9 . coming to an Anchor, the Lord Admiral, by the Queen’s exprefs Com- mand and Direction, fingled out eight of his worft Ships ; beftowed upon them good Plenty of Pitch, Tar, Rofin, and Wildfire ; lined them well with Brimftone and other combuftible Mat- ter ; and loaded all their Cannon with Bullets, Chains, and the like deftruCtive Inftruments; thus equip’d, he fent them with the Wind and Tide, about two o’ Clock in the Morning, Eman. Fremofa& ExamiHation. a? Camden., Fhuanus, See Strada de Bello Belgico, Dec. ii. lib. 6. INVASION. into the midft of the Spanip Fleet, under the ConduCl of Eoung and Prowfe ; who when they were come within Cannon-Shot, fet Fire to the Trains, and then retired. The Ap- proach of thefe Fire-Ships, and the dreadful Blaze which the Fire made all the Sea over, was no fooner perceived by the Spaniards^ but it put their whole Fleet into the utmoft Con- fternation. Many of the Soldiers on board had been at the Siege of Antwerp and feen the deftruClive Machines made ufe of there : Suf- peCting therefore that thefe were big with other Engines of Slaughter, befides the deftruChve Element that Ihow’d itfelf without, they beo^an to raife a moft hideous Clamour of. Cut your Cables, or get up your Anchors ; and in a panic Fright put to Sea with all the Confufion and Precipitancy imaginable. The Spaniards reported, however. That their Admiral, upon the Approach of the Fire- Ships, made the Signal for weighing Anchor, and ftanding out to Sea; and ordered that each Ship, after the Danger was over, ftiould return to her Station ; that he did return him- felf, and fired a Gun as a Signal for the reft to do the like; but the Report thereof was heard but by few ; becaufe their Fears had fo difperfed them, that fome were got a confide- rable way out to Sea, and others among the Shoals on the Coaft of Flanders. However it was, the Spanip Fleet being by this fuccefsful Stratagem thus driven from their Station in Calais-Road another very ftiarp Engagement began the next Morning about Eight o’ Clock, yuly 29, and continued eight Hours. The chief Galleafs, commanded by Hugo de Moncada, having in the laft Night’s Confufion loft her Rudder, by falling foul of another Ship’s Cable, and floated up and down for fome time before the Wind, endea- voured to fave herfelf by rowing into Calais Harbour ; which the Lord Admiral per- ceiving, he difpatch’d Mr. Amias Prefion, one of his Lieutenants, into his Long-Boat, with Mr. 'Thomas Gerrard, Mr. William Hervey, and others, to take her ; (he did not however furrender ’till after a (harp and doubtful Dif- pute, wherein Hugo de Moncada was killed, by a Shot in the Head ; and the Soldiers and Rowers to the number of four hundred, either drowned or put to the Sword : « The Ship and Guns, after the Englip had freed three hundred Galley-Slaves which were on board, A* Each of their Ships loft two Anchors here, Em Frenmrn\ Examinat. Camden, Burchett. ■r>emoja% 4 + Eman, Fremoja’% Examinat. 45 Fhuanus, Lediard H and i8 AN ACCOUNT OF THE and taken out -fifty thoufand Ducats of Gold, of the King of Spain's Money, fell, as a Wreck to Monfieur Gourden, Governor of Calais In the taking of this Galleafs, Mr. Ge- rard and Mr. Harvey fignalized themfelves ; for they entered it only with their Swords; a thing then commonly fpoken of with Admira- tion, the like having never been hazarded be- fore, confidering the Height ot this Galleals compar’d to a Ship’s Boat. The reft of the Spaniards in the mean time, managed their Fleet as well as they could, and ftood over againft Gravelings where the Engliflj once more getting the Weather-Gage of them, deprived them of the Conveniency of Calais-Road, and kept them from receiving a- ny Supplies from Dunkirk. +5 Whilft the Lord Admiral was employed in taking the forementioned Galleafs, Sir Fran- cis Drake in the Revenge ^ with Mr. Fhomas Fenner in the NonpareiL and the reft of his Squadron, warmly engaged the Spanifld Fleet ; foon after Sir yohn Hawkins in the ViSlorys accompanied with Mr. Edward Fenton in the Mary Rofe, Sir George Beejlon in the Dread- noughts Mr. Richard Hawkins in the Swallow, and the reft of that Squadron; together with Sir Robert Southwell in the Elizabeth-yonas, and Mr. Robert Crofs in the Hope ; bearing up with the Middle of the Spanijh Fleet, there continued all that Forenoon a furious Engage- ment, wherein Sir George Beejlon behaved him- felf very valiantly ; they were in the mean time feconded by the Lord Admiral, the Lord Fhomas Howard, and the Lord Sheffield, who alfo acquitted themfelves very bravely: Aftern of thefe a great Galleon was attack’d by the Earl of Cumberland and Mr. George Ryman in the Bonaventure, and was likewife battered by the Lord Henry Seymour in the Rainbow, and Sir IFilliam JVinter in the Vanguard ; and tho’ (he then recovered the Fleet, yet Ihe funk the Night following. On the other hand, the Duke of Medina, with the reft of the Spanifh Captains, as Leva, Ocquendo, Recalde, ^c. having with much ado got clear of the Shallows, were forced to ftand the Brunt of the EtigUjlo Fire, ’till they were mlferably torn, and in feveral Places Ihot through ; ‘ and a great Galleon of Bifcay, of Cotton MSS. 47 Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 28. 4* Hakluyt, Purchas, Harris. 49 Cotton MSS. 5° Camden, Burchett. * Eman. Francifco'% Examinat. » Phuanus, Purchas, Harris. 3 Purthas and Harris call him Bauderdues. ♦ Em. Fremoja'% and* Em, Francifco'% Examinat. s Burchett. five hundred Tuns, with two Saicks, were funk. The Galleon St. Matthew, of eight hundred Tuns, commanded by Don Diego de Piemen- telli, coming to the Affiftance of Don Fran- cifco de Toledo, in the St. Philip, another Gal- leon of feven hundred Tuns, they were both miferably (battered by the Lord Henry Sey- mour and Sir William IVinter ; ^ and being dri- ven on the Coaft of Ojiend, were likewife there roughly handled by the Zealanders ; but Pie- mentelli refufmg to leave his Ship, (though the Duke of Medina fent him his own,) did all he could to difengage himfelf ; and therefore ma- king towards the Coaft o( Flanders, he was there again attacked by five Dutch Men of War, and forc’d at laft to ftrike to Peter Doufa one of the Dutch Captains, who car- ried him into Zealand, and, for a Trophy of his Vl(£l:ory, hung his Flag in the Church of Leyden, which reach’d from the top of it to the bottom ; during which, a Cajiilian Ship of four hundred Tuns, was caft away on the Flemifl.i Coaft. The St. Philip', after having been driven almoft as far as OJlend, where her Commander left her becaufe Ihe proved ex- tremely leaky, was feized by fome Ships of FluJJjing. Thus did the Fight continue for the beft part of this whole Day ; during which the Spa- nijh Fleet was clofely purfued, extremely bat- tered, and reduced to the utmoft Diftrefs K The Englijh Commanders in general, (hewed on all Occafions great Refolution and Bravery ; and in this laft Adlion, the Earl of Cumber- land, the Lords Henry Seymour, Thomas How- ard, and Edmund Sheffield', Sir kVilliam JVin- ter, Sir Robert Southwell, Sir George Beejlon, Sir yohn Hawkins ; and the Captains Edward Fenton, Richard Hawkins, George Ryman, and ^ Robert Crofs fignalized themfelves in a re- markable manner; the latter, in particular, funk the great Galleon of Bifcay above men- tioned, and two other Veflels. As for the Spaniards, though fome of them performed their Duty, and fought with great Bravery, yet, in general, they a^led but faintly, and ftood for the moft part only upon the del'en- five, efpecially after they faw themfelves difap- pointed of the Duke of Parma's Affiftance. “ The Duke of Medina, we are told \ to his “ Dilhonour, was lodged in the Bottom of his * This worthy Commander, for his gallant Behaviour in this Aftion, and afterwards at the Overthrow and Burning of the Spanijh Navy in the Bay of Cadiz 1588, and Taking the Town 1596, when he was Vice-Admiral, was Knighted, and the following Motto added to his Arms, se inserit astris. ^ Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 18, “ Ship SPANISH Ship for his Safety, and the reft of the ‘‘ Commanders would never turn their Ships, nor ftop them, to defend any of their own “ Friends that were forced to tarry behind, “ but fuffered divers to perifh ; and (6 fearful was the Admiral, that if the Englijh had offered to board the Spanijlo Ships, it was thought they would have yielded without making any Refiftance.” * In this laft En- gagement the Spaniards loft five thoufand Men, a thoufand whereof were drowned ^ ; and the next Day two Venetian Ships funk, having eight hundred and forty three Men on board, which all perilhed, ■° After this Fight there remained of the whole SpaniJJj Fleet but one hundred and ten, or one hundred and twelve Ships, and thofe extremely battered and fhot through, and ha- ving their Rigging much damaged with the Shot. " The next Day, yuly 30, the Lord Ad- miral. ordered the Lord Henry Seymour, and Sir TVilliam IVinter to return back with their Squadron into the narrow Seas, to guard the Coafts ; as for himfelf, he refolved to follow the Spanijh Fleet, ’till they came as far North- ward as the Forth in Scotland, if they bent their Courfe that way and, in the mean time, he thought it beft not to attack them any more, ’till he faw what they propofed to do : However, being perfiiaded that they intended to put into the Firth of Forth, his Lordlhip had Hevifed Stratagems, and taken Meafures to make an utter End of them there. yuly 31. This Day the Spaniards would fain have retreated, early in the Morning, thro’ the Streights of Dover but the Wind coming up with hard Gales at North Weft, forced them towards the Coaft of Zealand-, the glijh then gave over the Chace, becaufe they perceived them haftening faft enough to their own Deftruiftion j for with the Wind at Weft North-Weft, they could not fail of being driven among the Shallows and Sands of that Coaft : But the Wind foon happening to come about to the South-Weft and by Weft, Spaniards tacked, and failing before the Wind, got out of Danger. In the Evening, they held a Council of War, wherein it was unanimoufly refolved That feeing they were in want ol many Ne- ceffarles, efpecially of Cannon-Ball, that the Ships were very much ihattered, their Anchors left in Calais-Road, their Provifions ftiort, their Water fpent, a great number of their Soldiers * Em. Fremofds Exaniinat. a J. Antonid% Examinat, Em. Francifco’% and J de le Concedds Examinat. INVASION. (,9 flain, many of their Men fick and wounded, and that there was no hopes of the Duke of Parma's coming out to join them, they ftiould return to Spain, by the North of Scotland. Purfuant to this Refolution, being now out of Danger, and in the main Ocean, and having thrown all their Horfes and Mules over board to fave Water, they fteer’d North- general ward, and the Englijh renew’d the Chart. Chace after them 5 now and then the Spanijid Ships flacken’d their Sails, and feem’d to ftay for the coming up of the Englijh, fo that it was generally thought their Fleet would tack about, but they thought beft, after all, to keep on their Courfe Northward. Here it will not be improper to leave them for a while, and fee what was doing in the mean time in England''^. The 9'’' of Auguji Queen Elizabeth was pleafed, in order both to comfort her People, and to (hew her own Magnanimity, to come and view her Army and Camp at Tilbury ; the next Morning after her Arrival, Ihe rode with a General’s Truncheon in her Hand, thro’ all the Ranks of the Army, like armed Pallas, attended by the Earls of Leicejler and EJfex, Henry Norris, Lord Marlhall, and o- thers ; having the Sword carried before her by the Earl of Ormond ; and amongr other kind and obliging Difcourfes, made the following moft excellent Speech to her Army ; My loving People, TT/'E have been perfuaded by fome that are careful of our Safety, to take heed how we commit ourfelves to armed Multitudes ; but I affure you, 1 do not defre to live to diflrufi my faithful and loving People. Let Tyrants fear ; I have always fo behaved myfelf that un- der God I have placed my chief efl Strength and Safeguard in the loyal Hearts and Good- will of my SubjeSls 5 and therefore I am come amongft you, as you fee at this time, not for my Recreation and Difport, but being refolved, in the Midjl and Heat of the Battle, to live or die among ji you all j to lay down for my God, and for my Kingdom, and for my Peo- ple, my Honour and my Blood, even in the Dufi. I know I have the Body but of a weak and feeble Woman, but I have the Heart and Stomach of a King, and of a King of England too j and think foul Scorn that Parma or Spain, or any Prince of Europe, foould dare ” Cotton MSS. ‘Thuanus. Camden, Burchett, Strada. ’3 Harris, Lediard. 'i- Speed, p. 862. 's Cabala, ,p- 373- I to 2,0 AN ACCOUNT OF THE to invade the Borders of my Realm ; to which, rather than any Difionour jhall grow by me, J myfelf will take up Arms, I myfelf will be your General, Judge, and Rewarder of every one of your Virtues in the Field. I know al- ready for your Forwardnefs, you have deferved Rewards and Crowns 5 and we do ajjure you, in the Word of a Prince, they jhall be duly paid you. In the mean time, my Lieutenant-Gene- ral jhall be in my flead, than whom never Prince commanded a more noble or worthy Sub- jeSl not doubting but by your Obedience to my General, by your Concord in the Camp, and your Valour in the Field, we jhall floortly have a famous ViElory over thofe Enemies of my God, of tny Kingdoms, and of my People. It is fcarce to be conceived what a Spirit of Bravery this great Queen’s Prefence and no- ble Behaviour infus’d into the Officers and Soldiers: They faluted her with Cries, with Shouts, with all Tokens of Love, of Obedi- ence, and of Readinefs to fight for her j they praifed her ftately Perfon and princely Beha- viour, prayed for her Life and Happlnefs, and curfed all her Enemies, both Traitors and Pa- pifts, with earnell Defire to venture their Lives for her Safety: One who was an Eye Wit- nefs relates moreover, that “ the whole Armie “ in every Quarter,, did devoutely, at certaine “ Times, fing in her hearing, in a very tuna- “ ble manner, divers Pfalmes put into Forme “ of Prayers in Pralfe of Almighty God, “ which ffie greatly commended, and with ‘‘ very earneft Speech thanked God with “ them Next, if we look into Flanders, we ffiall find, that on the 29'*^ of July, the Duke of Parma having paid his Addreffes to our Lady of Halle, came to Dunkirk, tho’ fomethlng of the lateft ; for which Reafon the Spaniards received him in a very reproachful manner; as if, out of fome By-Regards to ^een Eli- zabeth, he had defignedly flipt fo fair an Op- portunity of doing Wonders for the Service of Camden- Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 22. Ibid. ’9 One Night, as the Oueen was in the Camp, guarded by her Army, the Lord Treafurer Burleigh came thither, and delivered to the Earl of Leicejler the Examination of Don Pedro, who was ta- ken and brought in by Sir Francis Drake-, the Sum of which was this; Don Pedro being alked what was the Intent of their coming, ftoutfv anfwer’d the Lords, What, but to fubdue your Nation, .and root'it out. Good, faid the Lords, and what meant you then to do with the Catholicks ? He anfwered. We meant to fend them (good Men) direftly unto Heaven, as all you that are Hereticks to HelL Yea but, faid the Lords, What meant you to do with your Whips of Cord and Wyer? (whereof they had great Store in their Ships,) What, faid he, we meant to whip you Hereticks to Death, that have affifted my Mafter’s Rebels, and done fuch Dilhonours to our Catiiolick iving and People. Yea, but what would you have done his Country. The Duke, to appeafe this Storm, puniffi’d thofe who had the Charge of Vi( 2 ;ualling his Fleet; but, however, he did not attempt to put to Sea, being ftill block’d up by the Lord Henry SeymouPs and Sir Wil- liam WintePs Squadron, which were returned from the Chace. In the mean time, he could not but lecretly laugh at the laucy and info- lent Brags of the Spaniards, whom he had heard talking at this vain rate, “ That where- “ ever they turn’d their Sails, a moft certain “ Vi^Iory waited upon their Courfe, and that “ the Englijh would not have Courage enough “ to look them in the Face.” To return now to the two Fleets. We left the Spaniards failing Northward, and the Eng- lifh in Purfuit of them : When the latter were come to fifty five Degrees thirteen Mi- nutes North Latitude, and thirty Leagues Eaft of Newcaflle, the Lord High Admiral deter- mined to attack the Spanijh Fleet again on the Friday following, Augufl 2, but he thought fit to alter his Refolution, chiefly upon thefe two Accounts : Becaufe he plainly perceived by the Enemies Courfe, that they had no Qther Intention but to lave themfelves, by falling North, round the Britijh Iflands; and, be- caufe feveral of his Ships wanted Viftuals and other Necefiaries ; w'hich was not fo much owing to any Neglect, as to the Vidluallers not knowing where to fend to the Fleet; for the Queen had moft: amply and carefully pro- vided whatever was convenient and necelfary. It was therefore concluded, to leave the Spa- nijh Fleet to purfue their Courfe, and to fail for the Firth of Forth', both to get Refreffi- ment, and to perform fome other Bufinels which the Lord Admiral thought neceflary to be done ; but the Wind coming contrary, that is Wefterly, the next Day his Lordffiip al- tered his Courfe, and fending only fome Ad- vice-Boats tc obferve the Enemies farther Mo- tion, he returned with the whole Fleet back to England, where they arrived, fome at Tar- faid they, with their voting Children. They, faid he, which were above feven Years old Ihould liave gone the Way their Fathers went ; the reft (hould have lived, branded in the Forehead with the Letter L, for Lutheran, to perpetual Bondage, Cabala, p. 372. Let- ter to Mendoza, p. 37. It was alfo publilhed, that the Ldrds of Spain which were in the Navy, had made a fpecial Divilion amongft themfelves, of all the Noblemens Houfes in England by their Names, and had in a fort quartered England among themfelves, and had de- termined of fundry manners of cruel Death, both of the Nobility and the reft of the People, The Ladies, Women, and Maidens were alfo deftined to all Villany; the rich Merchants Houles in Lon- don were put into a Regifter, by their very Names, and limited to the Companies of the Squadrons of the Navy for their Spoil. Letter to Mendoza, p. 37. 1 ° Camden, Pbuanus. *' Cotton MSS. mouth. SPANISH INVASION. ai mouthy fome at Harwich^ and others at the Downs, about the 7''' of Augufl. The Spaniards being now got clear of their troublefome Purfuers, refolv’d to make the be ft of their way for Spain. Some Sufpicions there were, that they defign’d to betake them- leives to the King of Scots, who was provok’d to an high degree for his Mother’s Death ; and therefore, the better to keep him in Temper, AJhly, the Queen of England^ Ambaftador in Scotland, made him very confiderable Of- fers, which, however, were not performed ; But the Spaniards having nOw laid afide all Thoughts and Hopes of returning to attack the Englifh and perceiving their main Safety lay in their Flight, they made no Stop at any Port whatever. About twenty five Ships now remain’d with the Duke of Medina, and forty with Recalde -, thefe, with the reft of the Fleet, fail’d about Cathnefs for the Coaft of Ireland, and pafs’d between the Orcades and Fair-Ifle, to the fixty firft Degree of North Latitude ; an unaccuftom’d Place for the young Gallants of Spain, that had never felt Storms on the Sea, or cold Weather in Augufl. When the Engliflj left off purfuing the Spaniards, the latter wanted of their whole Fleet fifteen or fixteen Ships ; and had loft, in the feveral Engagements, and by Sicknefs, eight thoufand Men at leaft. And here their ill Fortune did not ftop, but continued to perfecute them all the reft of their Voyage 5 for on the Coaft of Scotland they loft the two following Ships, which had been fo extremely battered by the Englijh Shot, that they founder’d at Sea; namely, the St. Matthew, a Ship of five hundred Tuns, in which four hundred and fifty Men were drown- ed ; and a Bifcainer of St. SebafliaFs, of four hundred Tuns, in which three hundred and fifty Men periftied : Moreover, in thefe or other Ships, above feven hundred Soldiers were caft on Shore in Scotland, who, by the Duke of Parma's Mediation with the King of Scots, and with Queen Elizabeth's Permiffion, were fent over, a Year after, into the Low-Coun- tries. About four Days after the Englijh left the Spaniards, they came to an Ifiand in the North Part of Scotland, where they ftaid not, nor had any Relief: And at this Place the Duke of Medina calling all the Ships to- gether, charged them to make the beft of their way for the Coafts of Spain or Portugal, be- caufe they were in the utmoft Diftrefs for want of Victuals and other Provifions. For an Addition to their Misfortunes, a- bout the 23'' of Augufl, when there were fe- venty eight Ships of them together failing in the Ocean, a violent Storm arofe at South- South-Weft, which continued from Four o’ Clock in the Afternoon ’till Ten the next Morning, and feparated them fo, that not a- bove twenty feven of them were to be feen to- gether : And again, on the 2,^ of September, they had another violent Storm, with a Mift, which fo difperfed them, that of the forefaid twenty feven, only three came together» into Dingle-Bay ; and during their Paffage round the North of Scotland, they had fo terrible a Sicknefs, that their Mariners and Soldiers died daily in great Multitudes. As for the Particulars of the Ships (link, and Men drowned, killed, and taken upon the Coaft of Ireland, during the Month of Sep- tember, they were as follows : In Tirconnel in Longhfoyle In Connaught In Munjier, Men. I Ship 1100 and others that efcaped, 3 great Ships ijoo I Ship 400 I 300 I 400 I zoo z Ships, the Men efcaped into other VelTds. in Gallway-Bay i Ship 70 ''in the Shannon 2 Ships <5oo in the fame i Ship burnt, the Men embarked in another Ship, in Traylie, Sept. 7. i Ship 24 in Dingle i joo Jn Defmond, Sept. lO. i 300 “"in Slego-Haven in Tirawley in Clare-] [land in FtnglaJJe in OPa’rtie in Irrife In all 17 Ships. Men 5394 33 ” Camden. ’’ J. Antonio's Examinat. >5 Appendix to Letter to Mendoza, p. i. J. A. de Monoma's Examinat. *7 Ibid. Harris, tic. Camden. Befides which. Our Lady of the Rofary, the Admiral Ship of the Guypufcoan Squadron, of near a thoufand Tuns, and thirty Guns, that had fifty Brafs Field-Pieces on board, was loft upon the Rocks in Blejhey -Sound ■, fo that of five hundred Men, only one eftap’d ; and in this periftied the Prince of Afcula, a natural Son of King Philip, Mighel de Oquendo the Captain, and feveral other confiderable and e- minent Perfons. According to other Accounts nine Spaniflj *9 Tlhuanus. 3 ° Eman. Fremofa’s Examinat. and Re-Examinat. 3' Certain Advertifements out of Ireland, Printed in 1588. 3^ Ibid. 33 Ibid. 34 Appendix to Letter to Mendoza, p. 2. K Ships Lofs of Ships, Met!. AN ACCOUNT OF THE Ships were driven aihore between the Rivers of Jjough-Foile and Lough-Swilley, many whereof were broken to Pieces, and the Spaniards for^ ced to ftielter among the wild Irijh. 35 As for fuch of the Spaniards as had the ill Fortune to be drove upon the Irijh Shore, they met with the moft barbarous Treatment; for fome of them were butcher’d by the w'ild Irijh^ and the reft put to the Sword by the Lord Deputy Sir William Fitz-Williams, who fearing they might join with the Irijh Male- contents, and obferving that Bingham^ Gover- nor of Connaught treated them with more Gen- tlenefs than he had feveral times ordered him to do; upon their Surrender, he difpatched Fowle, Deputy Marfhal, to execute his Or- ders ; who fir ft diilodg’d them from the Places where they lay conceal’d, and then executed about two hundred of them : But this Rigour the Queen condemn’d, and complain’d of as too extreme : However, the reft being terrified by this way of proceeding, tho’ they were fick and half familh’d, yet chofe to truft themfelves to their (halter’d Barks, and the Mercy of the Seas ; and fb became many of them a Sacrifice to the Waves. The Duke of Medina^ with twenty or tv/enty five Ships, keeping in the Ocean, return’d to Spain. 3^ About forty of the Spanifh Ships fell in with the Irijh Coaft, and intended to touch at Cape Clear., in hopes of meeting there with fome Refrefhment ; but the Wind proving con- trary, and the Weather tempeftuous, many of them perifh’d on that Coaft ; 3? thofe that got off, fome w'ere driven by a ftrong Weft Wind into the Englijh Channel, where part of them were attack’d again and taken by the Engliflo., others by the Rochellers, and fome arriv’d at Newhaven (or Havre de Grace) in Normandy. Such were the Spaniards Lofies of Men and Ships, in their return round Ireland. The Loffes they had fuffered before, were thus: Lofs of Ships. Men. julj zi. The Spantfh Vice-Admiral^ Ship difabled at the firft En- > i 40 gagement near Eddyflone, j zi. D. Pedro de Falde'z'^ Gall, taken i 41 z Ship, St. Ame, burnt i z8p Jalj z 3 . A great V ?netmn Ship, ? t and other fmaller ones, j ^ The chief Galleafs, taken i A great Galleon, funk i A Galleon of Bifcay funk i Tv/o Saicks funk z The Galleon, St.'Matth. taken i The Galleon St. Philip taken i both by the Flufhingers. A Caftdian Ship wreck’d i 30. Two Ships funk 2 Aug. The St. Matthew funk i A Bifcayner funk i both on the Coaft of Scotland. Two loft upon the Coaft of > Norway, 5 ^ <536 39 ^ 53 ^ 845 4JO 3JO Total of Ships i8 Men 8000 at leaft. So that by adding their feveral Lofies toge- ther, it plainly appears, they loft thirty FIVE Ships, and above thirteen thousand Men ; befides many others of which no Efti- mate w'as or could be made 3*; and above two thoufand Prifoners w'ere taken in the Fight in Ireland, and the Low-Countries: Thofe taken in Ireland were brought to England^^, and confined in Bridewell ’till they v/ere ranfbmed. The moft eminent of the Prifoners were, Don Pedro de Valdez, Don Vafquez de Silvea, Don Alonzo de Sayes, and others taken in the Channel ; in Ireland, Don Alonzo de Luzon, Roderigo de Lajjo, ^c. in Zealand, Don Die- go Piementelli, ^c. In a Word, there was hardly a noble Family in all Spain, that did not lole a Son, a Brother, or a Kinfman ; up- on which account the Mourning was fo univer- fal in that whole Kingdom, “3° that King Philip was obliged by Proclamation to fhorten the u- fual'Time; as the Romans of old, upon their great Defeat of Canna, found it neceflary to limit the publick Mourning to thirty Days. ' The (batter’d Remains of the SpanijJj Fleet after having weather’d many Storms, and fuf- fered all the Inconveniences of War and Wea- ther, arriv’d at laft, about the End of Septem- ber, at St. Andero, and other Ports of Spain, laden with nothing but Shame and Dilhonour. The Duke of Medina was forbid the Court, and ordered to go and live privately ; Marti- nez de Recalde died immediately after his Re- •35 Camden. Speed, Harris. si Grotius, Strada. 3 * This Account is taken from the relation given above, and from certain Advertifements out of Ireland, and Depofitions of Prifoners, printed 'in 1588. with which Strada and the Spanijh Writers agree. But our 6iftprians vary extremely in this, as well as other Particu- lars : Ha \luyt, vol. i. p. 604. and others, fay the Spaniards loft eighty one ^ips out of their hundred and thirty two; and that there ccturn’d .to Spain only one of the Galleafies of Naples, one of the four Galleons of Portugal, and thirty three of the Galleons and Hulks from divers Provinces, CSc. Stow afErms there return’d to Spain only threefcore Sail ; and others fay only fifty three. See Pur- cbas, Thuanus 1 . Ixxxix. Harris, Speed, tSc. 39 Strype’s Annals vol. iii. p. 533. Don Pedro de Valdez, who was Sir Francis Drake's Prifoner, remained three ca" four Years in Eng- land, and paid three thoufand five hundred Pounds for his Ranfora, Ibid. p. 532. Strada, Grolius. ♦' Camden. turn; ^3 SPANISH I turn ; and two of their Ships were accidentally burnt in the Harbour not long after their Ar- rival. Surely fuch a Series of ill Succefs was hardly ever known in any other Age or Nation. As for the Englijh they loft only Captain Coxe*s Ship abovementioned, and not more than one hundred Men. Such was the End of the formidable S^anijh Armada, that had been three Years fitting out at a vaft Expence; and which in lefs than three Months was Ihamefully beaten, and put to a moft ignominious Flight, without taking at the fame time, in feveral Engagements, and in many Days Fight, any Englip Ship or Boat, or making one Prifoner; not having fo much as fired a Cottage at Land, or taken a Cock- Boat of ours at Sea, as the Lord Bacon ob- ferves'^’, it wandered through the Wildernefs of the Northern Seas ; and, according to the Curfe in Scripture, Came out againfi us one way, and fled before us feven ways. Well might the Spaniards marvel at this, and be heartily vexed, as one of their Friends obferves they did ; fo as fome of them to fay in their Anguifh of Heart, “ That in all thefe Fights, “ Christ (hewed himfelf Lutheran! Surely “ it is moft manifeft, as he goes on. That in “ all this Voiage, from the Armada’s coming “ out of Lijbon, even to the very laft, God “ (hewed no Favour to the Spaniards any one “ Day, as he did continually to the Englip!'* For this fignal Deliverance, the Thanks of all true Lovers of their County, and of the Proteftant Religion, are due to that Almighty Being, by whofe AlTiftance their Anceftors ob- tained the Victory ; and it ought at the fame time, to make them love and reverence the Me- mory of that wife and excellent Queen, by whofe Prudence and good Management they were enabled to conquer. Upon the firft News of this wonderful De- liverance and Viftory, the Kingdom was filled with Joy, and a Senfe of Gratitude to God. The firft Notice given of it in publick, was on the 20* of Augufl, when Nowel Dean of St. PauFs preached at the Crofs a Thankfgiv- ing Sermon before the Lord-Mayor, Aldermen, and the Companies in their beft Liveries. A- aain September the 8* being another and chief Thankfgiving Day, the Preacher at St. PauPs Cro(s moved the People to give Thanks for See Letter to Mendoza, p. ij. Of a War with Spain. Sec his Works, Fol. voU iii. p. 523, NVASION, their Enemies Overthrow; and at the (ame time were fet upon the lower Battlements of the Church, eleven Enfigns or Banners taken from the Spaniflo Fleet ; one Streamer in parti- cular, on which was reprefented the Virgin Mary with her Son in her Arms, was held in a Man’s Hand over the Pulpit : Thefe Banners were afterwards carried to Ae Crofs in Cheap- fide^^', and the next Day, September were hanged on London-Bridge towards Southwark, where the Fair was kept. The 17* of iYo- vember, being Sunday, was another Rejoicing- Day, as well upon account of the (^een’s AccelTion to the Throne, as for this Victory. Her Majefty intended to have been at PauPs Cro(s, to hear a Sermon preach’d by Dr. Coo- per Bilhop of TPlnchefler, and Provifion had accordingly been made for her Reception ; but upon fome Occafion or other, her coming was put off ’till the Sunday following: The 19* being 'Tuefday was a general Thank(giving-Day throughout the whole Kingdom, The next Sunday, November 24, the Queen, attended by her Privy Council, by the Nobility, and other honourable Perlbns, as well Spiritual as Temporal, in great number, the French Am- baffador, the Judges, the Heralds, and Trum- peters all on Horfeback, came in a Chariot fupported by four Pillars, and drawn by two white Horfes, to St. PauPs Church ; where a- lighting at the Weft Door, (he fell on her Knees, and audibly praifed God for her own and the Nation’s fignal Deliverance ; and, af- ter a Sermon fuitable to the Occafion, preached by Dr. Pierce, Biihop of Sarum, (he exhorted the People in a moft Royal and Chriftian man- ner, to a due Performance of the religious Duty of Thankfgiving ; then going to the Bilhop of London's Palace, where (he dined, (he returned in the fame Order as before, by Torch-light, to Somerfet-Houfe. Thofe brave Men that had ventur’d their Lives in the Defence of their Country, were confidered and rewarded by the Queen. She fettled a Penfion on the Lord High-Admiral for his great Service, and bellow’d a handfome yearly Allowance on the poor and difabled Seamen; and upon all Occafions (he diftin- guilh’d the reft of the Officers, Soldiers, and Sailors with particular Marks of her Regard and Efteem ; but their Rewards confided gene- rally more in Words than in Deeds. ++ Letter to Mendoza, p. 17. ‘••s Strype'% Ann, vol. iii, p, 525- Stow's Ann. Letter to B. Mendoza, p. 37, Camden. h A (hort A ftiort Explanation and Account of what is contained in each of the ten Tapeftry-Plates, and the ten Charts. The firft Plate of the Tapeftry and Chart L -reprefent the Spanip Fleet comiag up the Channel, oppofite to the Lizard, as it was firft difcovered. See Account of the Spanifi Invafon, p. 12, 43. Plate H. and Chart II. The Spanip Fleet aga'jnft Fowey, drawn up in the Form of a Half Moon, and the Englip Fleet purfuing them. Account, ( 3 c. p. 13. ■plateTII. and Chart III. At the left Hand Corner is reprefented the lirft Engagement between the Spanip Englip Fleets: After which the Englip give Chace to the Spaniards, who draw them- felves up into a Roundel. Account, &c. ibid. •Plate IV. and Chart IV. De Valdezs Galleon fprings her Foremaft, and is taken by Sir Francis Drake. The Lord-Admiral with the Bear and Mary Rofe, purfue the Enemy, who are in the Form of a Half Moon. Account, ( 3 c. p. 13, 14. Plate V. and Chart V. The Admiral of the Guypufeoan Squadron being fet on Fire, is taken by the Englip. The reft of the Spa- nip Fleet continue their Courfe in the Form of a Half Moon: And when both Fleets were againft the Ifle of Portland, they come to an Engagement. Account, ( 3 c. p. 14. Plate VI. and Chart VI. Some Englip Ships attack the Spanip Fleet to the Weftward. The Spaniards draw themfclves into a Roundel : And afterwards keeping on their Courfe, arc followed by the Englip. Account, ( 3 c. p. 14, 15. Plate VII. and Chart VII. Reprefent the ftiarpeft Engagement that happen’d between the two Fleets, on July 25, againft the Ifle of Wight. Account, ( 3 c. p. 15. In Plate VIII. and Chart VIII. the Spanip Fleet is feen failing up the Channel, intending to flop at Dunkirk or Calais, where they were to be join’d by the Duke of Parma : The Englip follow them clofe. Account, ( 3 c. p. 16. Plate IX. and Chart IX. The Spaniards come to an Anchor before Calais, from whence they are diflodg’d by the Fircftiips fent a- mongft them in the Night: The Englip prepare to purfue them. Account, ( 3 c. p. 16, 17. Plate X. and Chart X. The Spaniards make the beft of their way for the Northern Seas ; and are, in the mean time, very much battered by the Englip, who clofely purfue them. The chief Galleafs is ftranded near Calaii. Account, ( 3 c. p. 17, 18, 19. The Reader is defired to obferve, that the Border in Plate II, IV, VI, VIII, X, is an exadt Reprefentation of the Border to the Tape- ftry-Hangings, which is ornamented with the Portraits of the prin- cipal Commanders; and is the fame in all the Pieces of the Tapeftry ; only the Heads are differently placed. But for more Variety, and in order to bring in the Heads of Sir Robert Carey, the Earl of Northum- berland, Sir Roger Founpend, and Sir Fhomas Gerard, another Border has been contrived, being that which is round Plate I, III, V, Vll, IX. We are inform’d by foachim de Sandrart *, that the Defigns of the Tapeftry were made by Henry Cornelius Vroom, a famous Painter of Harlem, eminent for his great Skill in drawing all Sorts of Ship- ping; and that it was Wove by Francis Spiring. * Academia Artis Pidories Noribergee, p. 274. Explanation of the Medals and other Ornaments round the Charts. Gen. Chart. On the left Side Britannia is reprefented darting Thun- der and Lightning, upon Envt, Superstition, and the King- dom of Spain, delineated by thofe of Cajlile and Leon, which lye groveling below: On the other Side, True Religion, reprefented "by a Woman fitting, and holding a Bible in one Hand, thunders down upon Hvpocrisy, Ignorance, and Popery: The Medal at the Top has, on one Side, the Spanip Fleet in a Storm, and this infeription, FLAVIT • ET- DISSIPATI • SVNT- 1588. Fhe Lord blew, and they were difpers'd. On the Reverie is reprefented a Church founded upon a Rock, (meaning the Proteftant Religion,) which the Waves beat againft, and the Heavens feem to frown upon ; the Infeription is ALLIDOR-'NON • LM- DOR, I am beat (by the Waves) but not hurt. That at the Bottom, which is of Silver, and in the Colleftion of Dr. Mead, has on one Side, the Pope, Cardinals, and Bifhops ; the Emperor, King Philip, and other Princes in their Robes of State, fitting in Confultadon, bound about their Eyes with Fillets, the Ends of which are fticking up, and the Floor of the Room they are aflem- bled in all foil of Pricks: The Infeription above them, O COE- CAS-HOMINVM-MENTES- O • PECTOR A ■ COE- CA. O the blind TJnderJlandings of Men I O their blind Hearts ! About the Circle, DVRVM • EST • CONTRA • STIMV- LOS • CALCITRARE, It is hard to kick againjl the Pricks: On the R .verfe, A Fleet of Ships dafh’d againft Rocks, and fink- ing: Above, VENI- VIDE- VIVE, 1588. Come, fee, live, 1588 : T V • DEVS - MAGN VS • ET • MAGNA • FACIS • TV • SOLVS - DEVS, Fhou, 0 God, art great, and doft great things, thou art God alone. Chart I, and II. Above is a profile Face of Queen Elizabeth (taken from a Minute of If Oliver,, in the ColleAion of Dr. Mead,) be- fore which fits History with an Olive-Branch, recording her great Aftions; and behind her, Fxmt founding her Praifet. On each Side of the Queen arc moreover feveral warlike Inftruments taken out of the Spanip Fleet, and now preferved in the Tower. From Elizabeth's Pidlure hangs the Anchor of Hope, the Arms of the Admiralty, furrounded by the Winds; and below ftands Neptune, the God of the Sea, in his Chariot, to denote the Queen’s Dominion of the Narrow Seas. At the Corner of the firft Chart Britannia fitting upon a Rock in the Sea, and looking fcornfolly upon the Spanip Fleet, has this very pertinent Motto by her. Maturate fugam, ( 3 c. Hence to your Lord my Royal Mandate bear, Fhe Realms of Ocean, and the Fields of Air, Are mine, mot his. Virg. Mn. 1 . 1. Chart III, and IV. At the Top is a Pidture of the Lord High-Ad- miral, (taken from an original Painting of Frederico Zucchero, in Poffeffion of his Grace the Duke of Kent) having on one Side Prudence, fanus like, with a double Face; and on the other. Courage : Among which are intermix’d feveral Spanip Weapons, now in the Tower. The Silver Coin, which was ftruck on this glorious Occafion by the Zealanders, has on one fide two Ships cng.ig’d, and under CLASSIS • HISP. Round the Circle, VENIT-IVIT-FVIT, 1588. TAr Spanilh Fleet came, went, was, 1588. On the Reverfe, the Arms of Zealand, with this Infeription, SOLI • DEO-GLORIA, Glory to God alone: Under the Lord-Admiral, Victory fitting, holds in her right Hand a Laurel Crown, and his Lordfliip’s Arms: In her left, a Chain, to which arc faftened below the Duke of Medina, and the other chief Spanip Commanders. Chart V. and VI. At the Top is a Portait of Sir Francis Drake, (taken out of Mr. Knaptons Colledlion of illuftrious Men,) and adorned on each Side with proper Naval Ornam-nts. The Coin at the Top has on one Side the Arms of Zealand crown’d, with this Infeription. NON • NOBIS • DOMINE • NON • NO- BIS, 1588. Not to us, 0 Lord, not to us: Reverfe, "Wx. Spanip Fleet flying, thus circumferibed, SED • NOMINI • TVO ♦ D A • G LOR I AM, But to thy Name give the Praife: That at the Bottom reprefents on one Side Queen Elizabeth, fitting in a triumphal Chariot, holding in her right Hand a Palm Branch, the Emblem of Vidlory; and in her left a Book open, in which is the Beginning of the Lord’s Prayer in Dutch, and round the Cir- cle. TANDEM • BONA-CAVSA - TRIVMPHAT, 1588. Ac lajl the good Caufe triumphs : Upon the Reverfe, -a Tree in which is a Neft full of fmall Birds, that jointly defend them- felves againft a Bird of Prey, by whom they are attack’d : At the Bottom BEL L V M-NECESS. A War of Necepty : Roirtid the Circle, SI • NON • VIRIBVS- AT • CAVSA • POTIO- RES, Superior, if not in Strength, yet in the Goodnefs of our Caufe. . At the Bottom of thefe two Charts is reprefented Sir Francis Drake, diftributing amongft his Officers and Sailors, the Money, ( 3 c. that was found in a great Galleon brought to Dart- mouth, Ste. Account, ( 3 c. p. 13, 14, Others are driving the Pri- foners before them. Chart VII. and VIII. At the upper Part are the Portraits of Sir M. Forbiper, and Sir f. Hawkins (taken from Holland's Hero- ologia Anglicana ) with a naval Crown betweeen them, and other fuitable Decorations. Below them, upon a Columna Roflrata, (/. e. a Pillar adorned with the Beaks of Ships,) ftands ViElory, holding a Shield, upon which are the Names of thofe brave Per- fons that were knighted by the Lord-Admiral, as is reprefented at the Bottom. See Account, ( 3 c. p. 1 6. Others are bringing Wea- pons out of the Spanip Ships. Chart IX. and X. At the Top is a curious Portrait of Queen Eli- zabeth, (taken from a Gold .Alto Relievo, in the Colledlion of Dr. Mead,) thundering down upon Philip II. King of Spain, Pope Sixtus V. (taken from a Copper Medal in the Colleftion of Fho. Sadler Efq;) and Alexander Duke of Parma, whom fhe holds in Chains. At the two bottom Corners are two Boys weep»- ing, and pointing at the Spanip Fleet, which is reprefented. as fhipwreck’d, and in the utmoft Diftrefs. The Coin at the left Hand Corner of the Top, was ftruck by the Zealanders, and ex- hibits the Spanip Fleet in a violent Storm, the Sun above, break- ing out of a thick Cloud; the Infeription is, POST • NVBI- LA - PHOEBVS- After cloudy Weather Sun-pine ■, or. After a Storm a Calm. On the Coin at the Right Hand, are four Per- fons upon their Knees, looking up to Heaven, with this Inferip- tion, HOMO • PROPONIT- DEVS • DISPONIT, Man propofeth, God difpofeth : The Reverfe, which is not copied here, had this Infeription, HISPANI* FVGIVNT-ET - PE- REVNT • NEMINE- SEQVENTE. The above Medals, excepting thofe taken from the Collcftibns mentioned, are from Hifoire Metallique des Pays Bas, par G. van Loon. Fhis Account was drawn up by the Rev. Mr. Philip Morant, M. A. ReSlor of St. Mary’r, Colchefter. E R R A F A. Page 3. Col. I. Line uk. of Notes, /«■ Sailor reai Sailors. Ihii. ftr Books retd Book. Page 8. CoL l. Line 54.. ftr del Barrio 150 read 530. Ibid. CoL 1. Line 38. far Ram* read Lama. tjA“ I -iU r i^vyi.N^ ^ O S ' < Mi^yyK:}V «x'aTi\" ii\A:^ s a A'oitiV^ 7aVA«7J> tJUX ; ( r.y *>r r t, _ >j??rxv;^ :nii ^ -j^t A'OsNpJ UVSt^’’ 7%VAju>- F^^iS?*«rC mU t t, I Stw-' ..'h f/"f f&tt jQ 'j ‘ilt ^ v, i$^iaa«vj'^' ,^vx:#3 "^V,