^^«p-3 vm- '"^inr- ■^ «•».-- -v. ft * ir» ..-^ / ^ ^^/^•> ^, Digitized by the Internet Arcinive in 2012 witii funding from Researcii Library, Tine Getty Researcii Institute http://archive.org/details/catalogueofcurioOOfair A C A T.A L O G U E Of the Curious ' " COLLECTION of PICTURES OF QEORGE VILLIERS, Duke of Buckingham. In which is kcladed , , The valuable Colledlon of Sir P e t e r P a u l R u b e n s. WITH The LIFE of George Villiers, Duke of, Buckingham, The celebrated Poet. Written by B R I A N . F A I R F A X, Efq; And never before publifhed. ^ A L s o, A Catalogue of Sir Peter Lely's capital Colleftion of Pi6lurcs, Statues, Bronzes, &c. with the exaft Meafures of die Piflures in both Colledions : ; . r A Defcription of East o n;-N eston In Northamptonshire, the Seat of the Right Honourable the Earl ofPoMFRET; with an Account of the cUriowSi^itique Statues, Bufto's, Urns, &c : A Defcription of the Cartoons at Hampton-Court: A Letter from Mr. I.TALMANto Dr. A l d r i c h, Dean of Chrift- Churchy giving an Account of a fine CoUeftion of Drawings of Monfignor Marchetti, Biihop of A r e z z Oi colleded by the celebrated Father R e s t a. ' LONDON: Printed for W. B A T H E, at his Circulating Library, near Exeter -Change, in the S t r a n d. MDCCLVm. .,.. (--.^c^- . ADVERTISEMENT. WE proceed to gratify the curiofity of the public with fome other lifts of valuable collections j the principal one belonged to that magnificent favourite, George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham j and was only fuch part of his Mufeum as was preferved by an old fervant of the family, Mr. Traylman, and by him fent to Antwerp to the young duke, to be fold for his fub- liftence ; great part having been embezzled, when the eftate was fequeftered by the parliament. Some of the pidtures, on the aflaflination of the firft duke, had been purchafed by the king, the earl of Northumberland, and Abbot Montagu. The colledtion was kept at York-houfe in the Strand, and had been bought by the duke at great prices. He gave 10,000 1, for what had been coUedted by Sir Peter Paul Rubens ; and Sir Henry Wootton, when ambaflador at Venice, purchafasJ many other capital ones for his grace. One may judge a little how valuable the entire colledtion muft have been, by this lift of what remained, where we find no fewer than nineteen by Titian, feventeen by Tintoret, twenty-one by Baffan, two by Julio Romano, two by Giorgione, thirteen by Paul Veronefe, eight by Palma, three hy Guido, thirteen by Rubens, three by Leonardo da Vincij, two by Corregio, and three by Raphael j befides other efteemed and fcarce mafters. Mr. Duart of Antwerp bought fome of them, but the greater part were purchafed by the archduke Leo- pold, and added to his noble coUedtion in the caftle of Prague. He bought the chief pidture, the Ecce Homo ADVERTISEMENT. ■by Titian, in which were introduced the portraits of the pope, the emperor Charles the Fifth, and Solyman the magnificent. It appears by a note of Mr. Vertue, in the original manufcript, that Thomas earl of Arundel ■ offered the firft duke the value of 7000 1. in money or land for that fmglc piece. There is a copy of it at Northumberland houfe. It may not be improper to mention in this place, that Villiers, when fent with the earl of Holland to the States, to negotiate the reftoration of the Palatinate, purchafed a curious colleftion of Arabic manufcripts, colle<3:ed by Erpinins, a famous linguift ; which, accord- ing to the duke's defignation of them, were, after his death, beftowed on the univerfity of Cambridge, of Rvhich his grace had been chancellor. if.. The Duke of B U C K I N G H A M's COLLECTION of PICTURES, Sent to and Sold at Antwerp^ in the Time of his Exile, by his Agents and Order. No. I. ^^'"?*l Feet.Inch, Paintings by Titian. Apiece reprefenting our Lady holding Chrift on her lap, St. John and St. Jofeph by, and a man kneeling before our Saviour. 3?. 6 No>. 2. The pidure of our Lady. 3f. o No. 3. A Magdalene. j£. q No. 4. The Pidure of an Italian lady. «£ q No. 5. The pi(5lure of Aretine. ^f. o No. 6. A Venus looking in a glafs with a Cupid near her. ^f. o No. 7. ' Our lady with Chrifl:.- ^f. q No. 8. The Holy Family with St. John. 3f. 6 No. 9. A piece reprefenting our Lady,.Chrift, St John, and St. Ann. qf. 6 B ^ Breadth. Fest.Inch. 5f. 2 2f. 6 O .10 2f- 3 . 2f. 3- 3f. o 2f. 6 3f. 6 af. s. 2 TheDn^EofBvCYLlNGKAu's Length. No. ro. Feet.Inch; Another large piece called the Ecce HomOy wherein our Lord is brought before the people, as if it were in a great hall. There are in this pic- ture fcventeen large figures. . 8f. o N. B, It is now in the caftle of Prague, No. II. A Sifyphus rolling a large flone. 4f. 6 No. 12. The pidure of an Italian lady fitting on a chair with by. jf. o No. 13. A piece of Diana and Adeon, where Diana is near a fountain with her nymphs. 3f, 2 No. 14. Our Saviour laid in his fepulchre by Jofeph, our Lady, and Magdalene. There are five figures in this piece. 4f. o No. 15. The Holy Family with St. John, and another figure. 4f. o No, 16. Two pictures reprefenting Adam and Eve. 6f. 6 No. 17. Another piece being our Lady with Chrifl, and another figure. No. 18. A naked Venus, with a Cupid, Breadth. Feet.Inch. laf. o '*■i^ 3f.o 4f. o 3f.3 3f.3 3f. o af. 2 Collection e/ Pictures. No. 19. fget.Ineh. Ptit.faeh. Two heads, fuppofed to be thof@ of two priifti. j£ 6 if. By PaffdfgEtOfe f^^ A Hgad don§ with a pifi. The head of a rhepherdo if, 6 2f. o No. 2. Our Lady with Chrift. j£ 6 if. 3 By Calcan Two pidlureSj the one being that of a manj and the other that of a woman. By Julio Romano* A Venus lying naked, a Cupid and a Satyr by. ^f, ^ 6f. By Del Greco. Chrift driving the traders out of the temple* There are about thirty-two figures in this pidture, four whereof are the pidures of Titian, Raphael,&;c. No. I. By Baflan. A piece reprefenting St. Ann going to meet the angels. Several figures of men, women, {heep, and other animals are painted therein, in a landlkip after the manner of Baflan* 4f. 6 4f. © 4 Ti^gDuKE o/'Buckingham'j Length. _ No. 2. _ " ^"'•^"^^• Another large piece reprefenting the battle of Pavia, where Francis I. appears on horfeback with feveral horfe and foot foldiers, and all kinds of war- like inflruments, &c. 8f. 2 No. 3. Another large piece, reprefenting the facking of Rome by the Duke of Bourbon. Several figures and fuch of the warlike machines as are ufed in the fiege of places are to be feen therein. 8f. 2 No: 4: The pidure of a young man playing on the lute. 2L 3 2f. 7 Breadth. Feet.Inch. I2f. O No. 5". The pidture of a monk. No. 6. Four pieces of the four feafons of the year, con- taining many figures of men, women, and animals. 3^*^'-' No. 7. The three kings worfbipping our Saviour in the arms of his mother. There are in this pidure fe- veral figures of men and animals in a landikip; ^f. o No. 8. Vulcan in a forge, Venus lookiag at him, with many other figures, animals, pots, &c. 5f. 8 No. 9. A large piece of the Circumcifion, containing £xte€n figures and fome animals. pf. o I2f. 4 2f. 4 2f 8 5£o yL o 3f. 2 5f. 6 Collection^ Pictures. : No. lO. I-eng*- The angel appearing to the fliepherds. There^^""^"'^^ are in this pidure feveral fheep, other beafts, &c. 3f. o No, II. Our Sivlour laid in his fepulchre, many figures, &c. by 3f. 6 ■ No. 12. A Leprous held up by another man, with other figures. 3f. 3 No. 13. A man's head. if. o No. 14. Four pieces of the four feafons, where many figures of men, women, children, animals, &c. are painted after the manner of Baffan. 2f. 8 No. 15. A piece reprefenting a market place, wherein, befides all kinds of commodities, are to be feen fhambles, feveral figures of men, women, and chil- dren, a great number of (hops, all forts of animals, &c. S^' ° No. 16. Noah's ark, with all kinds of animals getting in it. 4f. o N. B. This piece was fold for 2000 gilders. No. 17. A large piece reprefenting Hercules fpinning amongft the women, and Omphale domineer- ing over him. There are in this pidlure many figures, &c. after the mannner of Baffan. ' 8f. o No. 18. Four pieces of the four feafons which have been engraved on copper-plates. 2f. 6 C Breadth. Feet.Inch. 2f. 6 Sl o 3f. o if. o l^- 9 8f. o 5^- o. j6f. o 4f; o i jT/S^Duke ©/"Buckingham'* ' No. 1 9. Length. The Journey of Abraham wherein there are fe- ^*'"^"*^ ' veral figures and animals. 2f. o No. 20. The annunciation of Chrift's birth to the fliep- herds by an angel. There are in this piece feveral Iheep and other animals. No. 21. The circumcifion. No. I. By Georgione. A lady and a foldier. No. 2. The head of an armed man. 4f. d 2f. 6 2f. 6 if. 6 By Andrea Del Sarto. A piece containing the corpfe of our Saviour, held up by two angels, and our Lady weeping. 4f. o No. I. By Caracci. The corpfe of St. Sebaftian. 2f. o No. 2. St. Jerom in a wildernefs. 2f. o No. I. By Paolo Veronefe. A large pidure of a lady in an Italian drefs. 6f. 3 No. 2. The centurion prefenting himfelf with foldiers before Chrift, There are feven large figures in this Breadth. Feet.Inch. 4f. o 6f. o if. 9 2f. O If. 6 5f. o if. o if. 4 4f. 8 o^ Collection g L^fi^ "ioiir-'t. ssa^ £>r% Jinn^, £l:„ . gjtg- iTfc. Stz) T^ s SbiL^ rmaV % Sin. 2. 3IIS 3JS Tm XK S null fit \ UK IM 2 ^«x> Ajca^B^ 2i c ' i£ 9 1^ t) I n. o * ,x „ rd. o ^ ^^^ 4^^ c" zL ]» 3^ 3 ^3 Collection of Pictures. No. 2. The Virgin Mary, our Saviour, and St. Ann, with four other figures. if. 9 l,cn);lli. Tlrnidth* I''cct.lii( li No. 3. The pidlurc of a man. 2f. o No. 4. The Virgin Mary with St. Andrew and St. Katherine. 3f. 6 • No. 5. • ^ A piece reprefenting the appearing of our Saviour to Magdalen, with St. John and an angel. 4f. o No. 6. Another large piece reprefenting Venus lying down in a wood, a Satyr, and a Cupid ^ as alfo a huntfman and his dogs, the whole being in a land- fcape. 6f, 4 No.. 7. A pricked piece of gilded copper, reprefenting the judgment of Paris. No. 8. A fmall head^ of Melanfthon. No. 9; "XJy^O Another fmall head with a cap on.' No. 10. The head of our Saviour. if. o No. II. The pidure of an abbot with a furpllce on, fit- ting before a table. 4f , 2f,t I'cit.liullt •f. 3 if. 6 4f. o Si o i3f o if. a .f. o 22 T'/^^DuKE ^/'BuckinghamV No. 12. A fmall pidure of the duke of Bourbon; Feet. Inch. Breadth. Lengtii. Feet.Inch No. 13. The holy family with St. John. 4f. 5f. 3 No. 14. St. Cecilia playing upon a harp. 4f- 3 3f. No. 15. The Virgin Mary and our Saviour. 2f. 6 2f. 6 No. 16. The holy family with St. John. No. 17. Lucretia with two other figures. 5f. 4f. No. 18. Venus, Mercury, and Cupid. jf- 4 3f. 2 No. 19. A charity. 2f. 3 if. 6 MODEL s. No. I. Henry IV. king of France, with a in metal. -kt. _ pedeflal, a model The model of the horfe in metal which is on the new bridge at Paris. ^^_ ^_ A lion and a horfe in metal, being the models of thofe which are in the capitol at Rome. No. 4. A model in metal of the bull which is in the Far- nefian palace at Rome. Collection ^ Pictures, 23 No. 5. A model of the Sabine which is in the great palace at Florence. ^^^ ^^ A centaur in metal, Leing the model of that of Flo- ^^"^^- No. 7. A Venus and a Satyr in metal. No. 8. Cain and Abel in marble, by John of Bologna, now in York-houfe garden, or at Chelfea. No. 9. Two fmall figures in metal, by John of Bologna. No, 10. The figure of a woman, in metal. No, 1 1 . A Venus and a Cupid in ivory. No. 12. The figure of a woman, her head, hands and feet be- ing in ivory, and the drapery metai. No. 13. The three graces in ivory. No. 14. St. Peter in chains, in alabafier. No. 15. _ Twelve boxes of agates and other precious ilones chafed in gold, and all antiques. N. B, Thefe cafes of agates and other ilones are • particularly exprefled in the Englilh inventory of the duke of Buckingham's colledions, anno 1635. The [ 24 3 l^:)e original paper's frojn whence this manufcript is faithfully taken., were written by Mr.. Brian Fairfax, and in the poffeffton of the late bifoop Atterbury., Memoirs of the Life of George Villiers, Duke of B u C K I N G H A M. . GEORGE Villiers, duke of Buckingham, was the fon of that noble favourite to two kings j who, in the height of his fortune and flower of his age, engaged his eftate and expofed his life, in the ferviee of his king and country. . The name of Villiers is ancient and honourable in France and England. Philip de Villiers L'ifle Adam, was the lafl great mafter of Rhodes, and defended it fix months againft the Turkifh emperor, Solyman. The duke's mother was the Lady Katherine Manners, fole daughter and heir of Francis earl of Rutland. He was born at Wallingford houfe in Weftminfter,. Jan. 30, 1627. Kis elder brother, Charles, died an infant. His filler Mary was dutchefs of Richmond and Lenox. His bro- ther Francis was born at Chclfca, after his father*s death. The duke inherited from his father the greateft titk, and from his mother the greateft eflate of any fubjed; in England ; and from them both fo graceful a body, as gave a luftre to the ornaments of his mind, and made bim the glory of the Englifh court at home and abroad. The 6rfl: vifit the king made to the dutchefs after her bufband's dieath, he was pleafed to lay. He would be a hufband Memoirs^'/^^ Life 0^, &c. 25 hufband to her, a father to her children ; and he per- formed his promife. The dutchefs was then great with child, and the king iaid. He would be godfather : Francis earl of Rut- land, the child's grandfather, was the other. They com- plimented who fliould give the name. The king named him Francis, and the grandfather gave him his benedidlion, feven thoufand pounds a year. The duke and his brother, Francis, were bred up by king Charles*, with his own children, the fame tutors* So in the- and governors. °"S' They were fent to Trinity College in Cambridge, their names entered in the college-book the fame year with prince Charles. Here the duke became acquainted with two excellent men, Mr. Ab. Cowley, and Mr. Martin Clifford, whom he loved ever after, and they as faithfully and af- fedlionately ferved him. [To thefe two a third was ad- '*-■ -• - '/ ' ' '" ded afterwards, who had an equal fhare with them in his ^'^ 'ur'/ A "-yj r/ affedion, his domeftic chaplain ; and it was a good argu- ment of his own wit and judgment, and good nature, that he knew how to value a man who had all thefe and other good qualities to recommend him-j-.] thlsfenteoce From hence they went to the king at Oxford, laying is interlined, their lives and fortunes at his feet, as a teftimony of their loyalty and gratitude, worthy to be imprinted in the memory of the royal family. This they did, not in words and compliments j for they loft their eftates, and one of them, foon after, his life. At Oxford they chofe two good tutors to enter them in the war, prince Rupert and my lord Gerard ; and went with them into very (harp fervice : the ftorming of the clofe at Litchfield. At their return to Oxford, the dutchefs, their mother, was very angry with my lord Gerard, for tempting her H fons fons Into fuch danger; but he told her, it was their own inclination, and the more danger the more honour. For this the parliament feized on their eftates, but by a rare example of their compaffion, reftored it again iri confjderation of their nonage : but the young men kept it no longer than till they came to be at age to forfeit it again. About this time their mother married the marquis of Antrim, and thereby offended the king, and ruined herfelf. They were now committed to the care of the earl of Northumberland, and were fent to travel in France and Italy, where they lived in as great ftate as fome of thofe fovereign princes. Florence and Rome were the places of their refidence, and they brought their religion home again, wherein they had been educated under the eye of the moft devout and beft of kings. The duke did not, as his predeceflbr, in the title of Lord Rofs, had done before him, who changed his religion at Rome, and left his tutor, Mr. Mole, in the inquifition, for having tran- flated king James's book, his admonition to princes, into latin; and Du Pleffis Morney's book of the mafs into englifh. Their return into England was in fo critical a time, as if they had now chofen the laft opportunity, as they had done the firft, of venturing all in the king's fervice. In the year 1648 the king was a prifoner in the ifle of Wight, and his friends in feveral parts of England de- iigning to renew the war ; duke Hamilton in Scotland, the earl of Holland and others in Surry, Goring in Kent, many in London and Effex, and thefe were the laft efforts of the dying caufe. The duke and brother, my lord Francis, in the heat of their courage, engaged with the earl of Holland ; and •were the firft that took the field about Rygate in Surry. The 75^^ Duke o^BucKiNGHAM. 27 The parliament, with their old army, knew all theTe defiigns, and defpifed them ; till they grew fo numerous in Kent, that the general himfelf was fent to fupprefs them, who found (harp fervice in ftorming of Maidftone, and taking of Colchefter. Some troops of horfe were fent, under the command of colonel Gibbons, to fupprefs them in Surry ; and they drove my lord of Holland before them to Kingfton, but engaged his party before they got thither, near Nonfuch, and defeated them. My lord Francis, at the head of his troop having his horfe flain under him, got to an oak tree in the high way about two miles from Kingfton, where he flood with his back againft it, defending himfelf, fcorning to afk quarter, and they barbaroufly refufing to give it j till, with nine wounds in his beautiful face and body, he was flain. The oak tree is his monument, and has the two firft letters of his name F. V. cut in it to this day. Thus died this noble, valiant, and beautiful youth, in the twentieth year of his age. A few days before his death, when he left London, he ordered his fteward, Mr. John May, to bring him in a lift of his debts, and he fo charged his eftate with them, that the parliament, who feized on the eftate, payed his debts. His body was brought from Kingfton by water to York houfe in the Strand, and was there embalmed and depofited in his father's vault in Henry Vllth's chapel, at the abbey of Weftminfter j with tliis infcription, which it is pity ftiould be buried with him : Depofitum lUuftriffimi domini Francifci Villiers Ingentis fpecie juvenis Filii pofthumi GeorgU Duels 28 Memoirs^/^^Life o/* Dacis Buckinghamii 1 Qui vicefimo astatis anno Pro rege Carolo Et patria Fortiter pugnando Novem honeflis vulneribus acceptis Obiit vii'' die Julii Anno Domino 1648. The body of the illuftrious lord Francis Villiers, a moft beautiful youth, the pofthumous fon of George duke of Buckingham, who, in the 20th year of his age, fighting valiantly for king Charles and his country, having nine honourable wounds, died the 7th of July, 1648. The duke, after the lofs of his brother, hardly efcaped with his life to St. Neods, whither alfo came the earl of Holland, who was there taken, and foon after beheaded. The duke, the next morning finding the houfe where he lay furrounded, and a troop of horfe drawn up before the gate, had time with his fervants to get to horfe, and then caufing the gate to be opened, he charged the enemy, and killed the officer at the head of them, and made his "^ efcape to the fea-fide, and to prince Charles who was in the Downs with thofe ihips that had deferted the earl of Warwick. And now again the parliament gave him forty days time to return to England, but he refufed, and chofe ra- ther to flay with the prince, who was foon after king Charles the Second, and to follow him in his exile. The parliament feized on his eftate, the greatcft of any fubjedl in England, having now his brother's eftate fallen to him J the yearly value was above 250001. It happened that the manor of Helmefly, which was his brother's, was given to my lord Fairfax, with York- houfe in the Strand, for part of his arrears, and this fortu- nately TiJ^DuKE ^Buckingham. 2:9; nately came to him by his marrying my lord Fairfax's daughter- All that he had to live on beyond fea was the money he got at Antwerp for his pidtures, which were part of that coftly and curious colledlion his father got together from Italy, by the help of Sir Henry Wotton and others, which adorned York-houfe, to the admiration of all men of judgment in pidlures; A note of their names and dimenfions is all that is now left of them. The Ecce Homo of Titian was valued at 5000 1. being the figure of all the great perfons in his time. The arch- duke bought it, and it is now in the caftle of Prague. Thefe pictures were fecured and fent to him by his old trufty fervant, Mr. John Trayleman, who lived in York- houfe. The king refolving: to go into Scotland, the duke at- tended him, and now again the parliament offered him^ to compound for his eftate for 20000 1. which was lefs: than a year's value j but he ehofe to run the king's for- tune in Scotland, worfe than exile, came with him out of Scotland into England j and at Worcefter his efcape was almoft as miraculous as the king's in the royal oak. He efcaped again into France, and went a voluntier into, the French army, and was much regarded by all the great officers^ fignalizing his courage at the fiege of Ar- ras and Valenciennes. When he came to the Englifli court, which was but feldom, the king was always glad to fee him. He loved, his perfon and his company ; but the great men about him defired rather his room than his company. There now happened a great turn in the courfe of his life. My lord Fairfax had part of his eftate, about 5000 1. per ann.. allotted him by the parliament towards, the payment of his arrears due to him as general, and he. remitted more than would have purchafed a greater eftate. I Theyv 3^) "Memoirs ©/".//^^ Life I?/" They gave him the mannor of Helmefly, the feat of the noble family of Rutland in Yorkfhire, as a falve for the wound he received there, being fhot through the body. They gave him alfo York-houfe in London, which was alfo the duke's. The duke heard how kind and generous my lord Fair- fax was to the countefs of Derby, in paying all the rents of the Ille of Man, which the parliament had alfo af- figned to him for his arrears, into her own hands, and flie confeffed it was more than all her fervants before had done. . The duke had reafon to hope my lord had the fame inclinations as to this eflate of his, which he never ac- counted his own, and the duke wanted it as much as the countefs. • He was not deceived in his hopes, for my lord Fairfax wiflied only for an opportunity of doing it. He lived in York-houfe, where every chamber was adorned with the arms of Villiers and Manners, lions and peacocks. He was defcendcd from the fame anceftors, earls of Rutland, Sir Guy Fairfax bis two fons having married two of the daughters of the earl of Rutland ; which my lord took frequent occafion to remember. The duke refolved to try his fortune, which had hi- therto been adverfe enough, and he had fome revenge on her, by his tranflation of the ode in Horace, " Fortuna " fevis lasta negotiis." Over he came into England, to make love to his only daughter, a moft virtuous and amiable lady. He found a friend to propofe it, and I think it was Mr. Robert Harlow. The parents confented, and the young lady could not refift his charms, being the moft graceful and beautiful perfon that any court in Europe ever faw, &c. All his trouble in wooing was. He came, faw, and conquered. When he came into England he was not fure either of life 7^^ Duke and found by experience, that the half or third part of his own eftate which he now enjoyed, was more than the whole which he had at the king and his reftauration. Now he lived a mofl regular life, no courtfhips but to his own wife, not fo much as to his after-beloved and coftly miftrefs, the philofopher's flone. My lord Fairfax was much pleafed with his company, and to fee him fo conformable to the orders and good go- vernment of the family. If they had any plots together,, they were to the befl purpofes, the reftoration of the royal family. My lord Fairfax's maxims in politicks was, that the old veteran army which he had commanded, was not to be beaten by any new rais'd force in England j and that the king's friends fhewed mcwe affeftion than difcretion in their plots, to reftore them while they were united : and that this old army would never be beaten but by itfelf;. as the event (hewed, when Lambert and Monk divided them. But the rnoft fatal influence of this opinion in my lord Fairfax was the night before the thirtieth of Janu- ary, when fome of his friends propofed to him to attempt the next day to refcue the king, telling him that twenty thoufand men were ready to join with him ; he faid, he was ready to venture his own life, but not the lives of others againft the army now united againft them. The fame appeared in. the infurredtion of Sir George Booth, which Lambert, with a brigade of this old army, did fo eafily fuj^refs j. the foccefs whereof infpired him with & DukE ^Buckingham.' 33 with the ambition of imitating Cromwell, in diflblving the parliament, and making himfelf protedior. The duke had given fufficient teftimony of his loyalty, and my lord Fairfax of his affe£lion and dedre to fee the royal family reftored j and now was the time of doing it. General Monk in Scotland declared againft Lambert, who marched againft him with a ftrong body of horfe. My lord Fairfax, and the duke with him, declared for Monk in Yorkfliire j but the duke was obliged to with- draw, becaufe his prefence gave a jealoufy, that the de- fign was to bring in the king, which was too foon to be owned. What the event was is well known. I (hall only re- peat the duke's words in an exppftulatory letter to king Charles fome years after : " As to your majefty's return into England, I may " juftly pretend to fome fliare ; fincc without my lord " Fairfax his engaging in Yorklhire, Lambert's army " had never quitted him, nor the duke of Albemarle " marched out of Scotland." The king's reftoration, volvenda dies en attullt ultro, reftored the duke to his eftate, but fuch a train of ex- pence with it, as brought him acquainted with bankers and fcriveners, that infefted it with the gangreen of ufury, which it never recovered. At the king's coronation no fubjecS: appeared in greater fplendor. None kept greater hofpitallty than he did at Wallingford-houfe, efpecially for the French nobility that came over. This engaged him in play, which had he continued, his eftate had not lafted fo long ; but he refolved to give it over, and kept his refolution ever af- ter. He was moderate in all his expences, his table, ftable, laboratory. All the king's favours to him were occafions of great expence. His lord lieutenancy in Yorkftiire coft him more than it did all that fucceeded K him. :vr«,j-\ 24 Memoirs (?/*//5e Life 0/ him. The mafter of the horfes place cofl him twenty thoufand pounds to the duke of Albemarle. His embaffies into France and Holland coft him more than a diamond ring could recompenfe : that into Hol- land (fetting afide the politick part of it) being a confe- quence of that into France. We took barge at Whitehall, June 1673, and lay that night on board the Englifh admiral at the buoy in the Nore, the king and duke being there. The next night we came to anchor in our yacht in the Dutch fleet on the coaft of Holland. The next night we were entertained by the ftates at the Hague. The next night we fupp'd with the prince of Orange at his camp at Bode- grave. Next night with the king of France at Utrecht,, where we ftaid two or three days, and then march'd back with him at the head of his army to Arnheim, ' where we vifited the prince of Conde, who lay ill there of a wound in his arm, which he got pafling the Rhine at Tolhua, and Marfhal Turin. Thence we went with the king to Nimeguen, Grave, Boxteil, and there wd parted. The king went to Paris, and we into the Spa- Bifh dominions, to Antwerp, Bruflels, Bruges, Ghent,, Dunkirk, and Calais ; where our yachts flayed for us, and we came to Dover, Canterbury, London j where we arrived the day month that we left it. He was fent ambaflador into France, where he was highly careffed by the king, and many of the nobility, his old acquaintance. This was before the other into Holland. At his return he was chofen chancellor of the aniverfity of Cambridge, and entertained them nobly at York-houfe, where his father had done it on the fame occafion forty years before. He now feemed to be fetting up for a favourite, but he wanted his father's diligence, which fitted him to ftand before princes. He The Duke (?/"Buckingham. 55 He fell into a new way of expence in building, in that fort of architedture which Cicero calls, Infant fubftruc- tiones ; and himfelf, when his friends difluaded him from itj called it his folly. The world has been fevere in cenfuring his foibles, but not fo juft in noting his good qualities. For his perfon, he was the glory of the age and any court wherever he came. Of a moft graceful and charm- ing mien and behaviour j a ftrong, tall and adlive body, all which gave a luftre to the ornaments of his mind j of an admirable wit and excellent judgment j and had all other qualities of a gentleman. He was courteous and affable to all ; of a compaffionate nature ; ready to for- give and forget injuries. What was faid of a great man in the court of queen Elizabeth, that he ufed to vent his . . , difcontents at court by^ittiting from company, and wri- J^" '^*"^'*^ ting fonnetts, may be faid of him ; but when he was "^ provoked by the malice of fome and ingratitude of others, he might fhew that a good natured man might have an ill natured mufe. He gave a good inftance of his readinels to forgive in- juries. When a confiderable man at court did him an injury, which he was fearful he would refeijt, he defired a friend to mediate for him, and endeavour a reconcilia- tion, which he undertook. The duke told him he did not remember he had ever injured him 5. if he had ha freely forgave him. His charitable difpofition he feemed to inherit from- his grandfather, Francis earl of Rutland, who ufed every quarter day at London to fend his fteward with bags of money to feveral prifons to relieve prifoners and pay their debts, bidding them thank God, and pray for their be-^ nefa(5lor, but not telling them who it was.. He was a man of great courage and prefence of mind^ in danger. One inftance of it was when a melancholy- 36 Memoirs (9/*/^^ Life ^ mad fervant aflaulted him with a drawn fword in his hand when he was at fupper, and he with a knife difarmed him. The man was afterwards hanged for faying he would do it to the king. The charafter which Sir Henry Wotton gives of his father might be faid of him, viz. " Among all the favourites which mine eyes have be- *' held in divers courts and times, I never faw before a " ftrong heart and eminent condition fo clearly void of *' all pride and fliocking arrogance either in his face or ** in his falliion." It is to be wifhed the reft of his father's charadler had been as true of him ; his diligence and application to bii- finefs, and that he had left his few honeH: fervants in as good fortune as reputation, who never wronged him in his eftate, nor flattered him in his faults, and thought they efcaped well in not being oppreffed under the ruins of his fortune. In the origi- [When he firft began to fettle his family he defired his ''ri'hisw^-°^^ friends, A. Cowley and M. C. to recommend to him tenonafideofa domeftick chaplain. They knew how hard it was to paper, tacked pleafc him ; he muft be a man of learning, wit, eood na- to the other ^ , r 1 r j j i by a wafer, ti^^^i Z°^^ manners, a graceful perfon and decent be- and is referred ha viour. They found one to their own mind, and 'rls^ wriu^n '° ^^^ ' ^^^^'^ ^^ valued as a friend, and loved as a com- in the famepanion ; who lived to be an ornament to the church ^^'^ among thofe of the highefl order. He brought the duke acquainted with another excellent perfon, whofe friend- fhip and converfation he much coveted, and wi(hed he could have more of it, who attained afterwards to the higheft dignity in the church, and with a lawyer as emi- nent in his profefTion . fo that his father was not more happy in the choice of a few friends and fervants than he was, if he had followed their advice. He faw and appro- ved the beftj but did too often deteriora fequi.l His Z^ Duke (p/'BucKiNGHAM^ 37 His father had two crimes objedted againfl him which he was not guilty of ; plurality of ofRces, and preferring his relations. The faults objected againil him were, that he loved women, and fpent his eftate. His eftate was his own. He had often loft it for the king, and might now be allowed to enjoy it himfelf. If he was fui profufus, he never was alieni appetens. If he was extravagant in fpending, he was juft in paying his debts, and at his death charged his debts on his eftate, leaving much more than enough to pay them. " If he was a grievance, as he told the houfe of com- mons, he was the cheapeft to the public that ever was complained of." He had no children by his dutchefs, nor heirs ca- pable of inheriting his eftate or title. His amours were too notorious to be conceahd, and too fcandalous to be juftlfied, by faying he was bred in the latitude of foreign climates,- and now lived in a ^- cious age and court ; where his accafers of this crime were as guilty as himfelf. He lay under lb ill a name for this, that whenever he was {hut up in his cham.ber, as he loved to be, nefcio quid, or in his laboratorv, meditans pugarum, over the fum.es of charcoal, it was faid to be with women. When a dirty chymift:, a fox- hunter, a pretender to poetry or politicks, a rebearfkl fhould entertain him, when a meflenger to fummon hini to council could not be admitted. This is true of him, that of all the noife made of his loving women, he never had fo much as a bailard laid to his charge, that he or any body elfe believed to be his own. Some pretended to love bis perfon, bat it was his eftate, which Irnarted for it. It is bard fo te!! bv his expence which was his favourite pleai'ire. I tji.r.r:, ^.., chymiftxy at home, and fcx-huntinr i:::;:, I will conclude his charadrer i.vith layiiig, L'l: '.- ha- L ciaa 3 S Me m o I r s of the L i f e ij/ man fraiky will not zyiz'^'^ thefe faults, let chriftian cha- rity oblige us to hope, that ds God gave him time, he gave him alfo the grace of true repentance. We are now come to the laft fcene of the tragi-comedy ot his life. At the death of king Charles he went into the country to his own manor of Helmefly, the feat of the earls of Rutland in Yorkfliire. King Charles was his beft friend, he loved him and excufed his faults. He was not fo well ailured of his fucceflbr. In the country he paft his time in hunting, and entertaining his friends ; which he did a fortnight before his death as pleafantly and hofpitably as ever he did in his life. He took cold one day after fox-hunting, by fitting on the cold ground, which cafl him into an ague and fever, of which he died, after three days ficknefs, at a tenant's houfe, Kirkby more fide, a lordfhip of his own, near Helmefly, Ap. i6, 1688; jstat. 60. The day before his death he fent to his old fervant Mr. Brian Fairfax, to defire him to provide him a bed at his houfe at Bifhop-hill in York, but the next morning the fame man returned with the news that his life was de- fpaircd of. Mr. Fairfax went poll, but before he got to him he was fpeechlefs. The earl of Arran, fon to duke Hamilton, was with him ; who, hearing he v/as fick, vifited him in his way to Scotland. When Mr. Fairfax came, the duke knew him, look'd earnedly at him, and held him by the hand, but could not fpeak. Mr. Fairfax afk'd a gentleman there prefent, a jullice of peace, and a worthy difcreet man in the neighbourhood, what he had faid or done before he be- came fpeechlefs. He told me fome queftions had been afked him about his eftate, to which he gave no anfwer. Then he was admoniChed of the danger he was in, which he feemed not to apprehend ; he was afk'd", if he would have the minifler of the parifh fent for to pray with 7/!;^ Duke (j/'BucKiNGH AM. 39 with him, to which he gave no anfwer ; which made another queftion be afked, If he would have a popifh prieft; to which he anl'wered with great vehemence, no, no ! repeating the words, He would have nothing to do with them. Then the aforefaid gentleman, Mr. Gibfon, alk'd him again if he would have the miniiler fent for, and he calmly anfwered. Yes, pray fend for him. This was the morning, and he died that night.' The minifter came, and did the office required by the church ; the duke devoutly attending it, and received the facrament, and an hour after became fpeechlefs ; but appearing fenfible, we had the prayers of the church re- peated by his bed-fide, recommending him to the mercy of God, through the merits of Jefus Chrift.. Thus he died quietly in his bed, the fate of few of his predeceflbrs in the title of Buckingham. His body was embalmed and brought t® Weflminfler-abbey, and there laid in the vault with his father and brothers, in Hen. the Vllth's chapel. Mary dutchefs of Buckingham was the only daughter of Thomas lord Fairfax, and Ann, the daughter of Ho- race lord Vere. A mod virtuous and pious lady, in a vitious age and court. If (he had any of the vanities, {he had certainly none of the vices of it. The duke and fhe lived lovingly and decently together ; fhe patiently bear- ing with thofe faults in him which fhe could not remedy. She furvived him many years, and died near St. James at Weftminfler, and was buried in the vault of the family of Villiers, in Hen. Vllth's chapel, anno 1705. ffitat. 66. [40] A Catalogue of Sir Peter Lely's capital Colleftion of Pidures and other Rarities, as Statues, Bronzes, &c. Paul' Vero- nefe. Ditto. No. I. Ditto. Ditto, Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Titian. VIRGIN Mary, Chrift, Jofcph, and St. Catherine, as big as the life. No. 2. Judgment of Solomon. Length. Feet. Inch. 3f. 8 3f. 5 The affamption of the blefled Virgin, with the twelve apoftles, in an oval. 2f. 9 No. 4. The death of our Saviour, with angels and other figures. 2f. 7 No. 5. Sf. Jerome, a whole figure, with a landfcape. 3^. 6 No. 6. The bleffed Virgin, our Saviour, and Jofeph. if- 7 No. 7. A pidure after the life with both hands. 5f. o No. 8. The four evangelifts, and a duke of Venice. of. i o No. 9. Venus and Adonis, as big as the life, in manner of a feluzze. 5f. 61 Breadth, Feet. Inch. Sf- 4 5f. I if. 9^ af. o 2f. 9 if. 3f. 74 of. 6 7f 4 Tirfan, Sir Peter L e l yV, &c.' 5f, 2\ Tantalus, a whole figure. Length. Feet.Inch. No. II. Paris Bor- Venus and Cupid, whole figures in a °"^' ^ landfcape. No. 12. Peter da Cor- St. Stephen. tOBa. BafTan. Ditto. No. 13. The building of Noah's ark. No. 14. The entry into the ark. Ditto. The deluge. No. 15. Ditto. GJorgione. Ditto. Ditto. No. 16. The going out of the ark. 2f. 9 if. 6i 4f. I 4f. I 4f. I 4f. I No. 17. A fortune teller and other figures; 3?. o No. 18. A head of a pope. if. 8 No. 19. Venus and Adonis, with many other figures at a diftance. 2f. 8 rf- 5 No. 20. Ditto. A head. No. 21. Andrea Sthi- Our Saviour before Pilate, as big as '^°"'' the life ; and other figures. 3'f.io 4t Breadth, Feet.Inch. 3f.8 4^- 7i of.iil- 6f. o 6f. o 6L o 6f. o 3f. 6 If. 4 4f. 44 if. 2v 6f. c 42 Sir P E T E R L E L y'f No. 22. Paima Vec- St, Jeromc. No. 23. James Pairaa. A Satyr With a naked nymph, as big as the Ufe. No. 24. Titjtore:. Venus, Vulcan, and Cupid on a bed, as big as the hfe. Ditto. No. 25, A pidure after the life, with both hands. No. 26. Ditto. A pidure after the life with a book. No, 27. X Carlo Ve- The bleffed Virgin and the twelve netiauo. apoflles in a church. No. 28. Ditto. A youth taking a thorn from his foot, after the antique. No. 29. Pordenont. A picture after the life, with two hands. No. 30. Garofalo. A head, in an oval. No. 31. GiiidoRhenf. A head of St. Peter. Ber tini da ^°' ^^' Q9Hfml * A Pifture of Paol BriU Length. Feet.Inch. if. 1 1 8f. 8 4f. 5- 2f. I 3f. 8 if. 6 S^'S 2f. 8 2f. I 2f. 6 1 jf.ll Breadth. Feet.Inch. 2f. » 6f. 7 2f. 6 2f.IO of. 1 1 3f. 6 3f. o if. 9^ if. 10 if. 7-: Collection c/Pictu?. zs. 43 Dm». Di^b. LscaPeaflL flaOCS&H TeaL N:._:^, A hsi:! ct a pbuoiopaer* N:, : r. Ahead. Xj, :-. The Rci"j::ef:;:-;:cc, No. 38. H:::crr cf T:bit. - 6f.io if. o -<■ » 2£ 2 ff, c 2f. 5 2£ 2^ i£io :.:=; Az. A rifiure. No, <9. \'-, .f ^ -r ^O I' :: '■■'-^•^ The t:ijr:rhi: arci: c: Co-::i-:.l; ■• / No. 41. Hi=i E^re- All forts of berbs, with m^zj tr^rei. xf.u -^ i 3 3£ 2 N:, SI. I^BT- A ir.c:r.;.':g p^;-",. vr::'z Mi-d-Civ \v:;h ii;urc.-, 3f. 2 |4£ o 3£ o I>;;;c. San-fctti: N'c, J..L. £ • : -: f ^ e _, ih f pherd and 4£ 3: 3f- 3 14 4£ 3i 44. ^^ P E T E R L E L yV No. 45, Bamboccio. A landfcape, with the hiflory of Er- no and Ermine. af. 7^ Length . I Breadth, Feet.Inch, Feet.Inch. Dicto. Ditto. Ditto. No. 46. A grotto with figures playing a la mode. No. 47. A grotto with hunters. No. 48. A man on horfeback, an oval. OJdVroome. A landfcape. No. 49. Bott. Sun fetting. No. 50. Rubens. A landfcape. No. 51. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. No. 52* The laft judgment. No. 53. Hiftory of Hero and Leander. if. i^ 2f. O if. 1 if. 7 2f. 7: If. 7 4f. 8 3f. 2 3f. 2i if. 10 2f. 6 if. 5 2f. 8 of. 8 2f. .8-:. 3f. 2 4f. 2^ No. 54. Hiftory of Pfyche, Mercury carrying her before the gods. ^f. 7 . No. SS* Rubens's wife. 6f. 9 3f. 8 laf. 7 Collection ^Pictures. No. 56. Everding. Rocks and a cafcadc. Length Feet.Inch. 3f. 6 Ditto. No, 57, Of the fame, another Landfcape, if. 9 No. 58. Rowland Sa- ^ landfcape, with the temptation of "'^- St. Anthony. No. 59. Wouters. A landfcape with figures. No, 6o^ Ditto. A landfcape. No. 61.. Lanfranc. A landfcape with rocks» No. 62. Labrador. A piece of fruits Fleflieer. Laca:. !U)«ftrat£n. No. 63,, A piece of fruit. No. 64. PblenburgB. ^ landfcape with figures. No, 65^ Dfheem. ^ ^\qqq of fruit. No. 66, A piece of fruit. No. 67.. N. if. 74 2f. 4 if, 4 3f. 64 if, 54 4f. 2 if. 8 2f. 3 af. 8 45 Breadth. Feet.Inch. 4f. 7- 2f. 6 3f. I 3f, r 2f. 5 4f, o? 2f. O 3f. 24 2f. 5^ ;2f. 94 lf..I I 2f..I li Sir P B T E R L E L y'f No; 6?. Sachtlevea. Several Perfons. No. 6^. Stanwick. A Prifon With figuffis. No. 70, Elflieimet. A carious fmall piece being the hiftory of Philemon and Baucis. No. 7!. SottoCie«ve. A bacchanal. £)itto. No. 72. The marriage of Cana. No. 73. SwancTelt. A landfcape. No, 74. Wouetaains. A flable with horfes, &c. Ditto. No. js. A landfcape and horfes; No. y6. Brueghel. ^0^^ landfcapes in a roond hall. of. 5 No. 77. Wyke, Tho. Small figures, &c. Bfewn. , No. 78; A man finging. No. 79. vkis Eyck. A piece of flowers. Length. Feet.Inch. Breaddi. Feet.Inch. zL li it 94, 3f. 8 4f. 6 of. 6i of. n 2f. i: 3^- 4 ti, 61 of. 9 if. 6-i If. 3^ If. 5 if.iK if. zl If. 5^ of. 5^ of. Si if. If. 3I if. I if. 1 2f. 24: If. 9^ V*n %ek. t)e Lune. Baur Will. Hanneman. Laireffe. Hals FraA. Collection ^Pictures. 47 No. ^0. A piece of flowers. No. 8r. A piece of flowers. No, 82. The bleflTed Virgin, the child Jefus, and Jofeph. No. 83, A man playing on a lute. No. 84. The golden age, many figures. No. 85. A youth's head. No. U, Largilliere. Dead fowl. Scorei. Van. Geor. Van Dieft. Ditto. Ditto. Ditto. No. 87; Van Leyden, the lewd men of Salo- mar. No. 88. A landfcape. No. 89. A landfcape. 3f« 7 No. 90. Ditto. No. 91. Ditto. 3f. 2 No. 92. Ditto. 3f. 2 Length. Feet. Inch. Breadth, Feet.Inch. 2f. 2i if. 9t 2f. if.lo 4f. 3f- ^ af.io 2f.IO af.io 2f. 3^ ull-ru(hes, by Marcus Aurelius on horfeback, in ivory, over the chimney piece. Little Bed-chamber fecond. Yellow damalk bed and hangings. A dead Chrift. St, Francis and St. Anthony, both by ^ A nativity, by Teniers. Pietro di Pietro. Giovani Paolo. n Parlour. A piece of architedlure and St. Paul atAthens, by The dutchefs of Richmond. King James the firft. Anne, his queen.. Countefs of Thomond. Snyden. A fox- hunting, by Monfiear David. Live birds, by Verelft. Dead birds and fruit, by ».oeilraten; Firft lord Camden, by -4^ Apieceofftilllife. Mrs. Cope. Lady Bindlafs.- o< Snyden, Vandevelde. Verelft, Sir Bitter Ldy. In Northamptonshire; A woman's head. ..«, A kite in poultry-yard, by 6j Sir Godfrey Knellcr. Ditto. Zeaman. Ditto. A view of Conftantinople, by three hands, the fea, by Two flower pieces, by Second lord Camden, Sir Paul Rycaut, by Mrs. Cope and the countefs of Peterborough, PICTURES above Stairs. Gallery. Sir George Fermor. Mary Curfon, his wife* Sir Hatton Fermor. Anne Cockaine, his wife» Sir William Fermor. Mary Perry, his wife. Sir William Fermor, lord Lempfter*, by Lady Sophia Oiborne^ his wife, by Thomas Farmer, earlof Pontefraft, by Henrietta Louifa JefFerles, his wife, by O -^ * Built the houfe, created lord, 1692, 4th William and Mary ; and bought the colily coUeflion of antient Greek, Roman, and Egyptiaa Statues, &c. part of the Aiandei coilefttofl. The 64 A Defcription o/'Easton-Neston: Baffano. The deluge, by \^ Carlo Maratti. J-—- St. John baptizing in the wildernefs, by HorizontJ. A landfcape, by Nicb. Pouflin. -f^ A kndfcape, by Claude Lorain, figures by Vereift. A flower-picce, by Monfieur David. Live birds, hj Little Dreffing-room. Crofs-ftitch'd hangings. Dutchefs of Portfmouth; Drawing-room, Raphael. Grotefque hangings, very fine,, after An agate table. A fine chimney-piece, by Mr. Kent, Ionic pillars, of Verde Antique, capitals of Gialla An»- tiqua. Sir James TbornhiU. Ruins of Holmby caftle, by VereliK Ditto. Raphael; Two flower-pieces, by A boy with a buftard, by ' Great Bed-chamber third. Gold and red velvet bed and chairs. Grotefque hangings, after The GuifeppeChiari, Verelft. Kent. /» Northamptonshire. 65 The daughter of Herodias with the head of . —St. John Baptift, after Guide, by Two flower-pieces, by "r Hercules and Omphale, by Baroeci. Vandyck. Little Drefling-room» ii^-- . The holy family, by Little Bed-chamber fourth. Queen, mother to Charles IL by The Clofet. Green tabby hangings, with gold lace. The marriage of Henry VIL with Elizabeth o£ York, on copper*^ Salvator Rola. A rock, by Ditto. A trunk of a tree, by Carlo Marratti. -^"-'The holy family, by Filipo Lauro. ^ Sylvio and Dorinda, by Ditto. -.^ — i— Jupiter and Mercury, by lourgonogni. A battle-piece, by A copper fatyr,, over the chiraney. * This curious piflare was bought by Henrietta Louifa, coantefs. • cf Pontefraft, for aool. The earl of Oxford offered 500I. for it. It was purchafed at lord Pontefraft's fale by Mr. Walpole for 84I. and is BOW at Strawberry hill. * " "^ S. The 66 ^ De/cripHm of Emt on -1:^EBT ov(. Giufeppe Arpino. Verelil Dicta. The red Bedchamber fifth. Crimfon damalk bed. Hangings tapeftry, of vineyards and boys, very Ene. Adam and Eve drove from paradife. Mrs. Rogers. A man. Prefling-room. A flower-piece, by Lady Diana, by Figured green velvet and brocade hangings. The Chints bed-chamber fixth. Chrift raifing Lazarus from the dead, by Sir William Fermor. Lady Fermor. Clofet. Over the chimney, a gladiator, in copper: St. John beheading, in marble, baflb relievd. Poufiin. —4-' The death of Germanicus, by Bloemart. 5^ ■c *^# ''/''fc'<^--^"*- '"^"^ "^^i 0-.vi^ ^V-*"^^ t^^/^^^ 4/k.i^''0 [ 67 3 ADsscRiPTioNof the Cartoons at Hampton-Court, What is more lnftru L . > \yOi"Hv: ■5