DAViD I. OWEN 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA 
 THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM 
 PUBLICATIONS OF THE BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 VoL. VII 
 
 BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE 
 HAMMURAPI PERIOD 
 
 BY 
 
 ARTHUR UNGNAD 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM 
 
 1915 
 
TO MY TEACHER 
 
 Friedrich Delitzsch 
 
 THIS VOLUME GRATEFULLY IS DEDICATED 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2017 with funding from 
 Getty Research Institute 
 
 V 
 
 https://archive.org/details/babylonianletterOOungn 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 PAG E 
 
 PREFACE 7 
 
 INTRODUCTION 13 
 
 OFFICIAL LETTERS 14 
 
 PRIVATE LETTERS 23 
 
 A NEW INSCRIPTION OF HAMMURAPI 30 
 
 INDEX OF PROPER NAMES 34 
 
 Names of Persons 34 
 
 Names of Cities, Gates, Nations, Rivers, Temples, 
 
 ETC 42 
 
 Names of Gods 43 
 
 LIST OF TABLETS 46 
 
 NUMBERS OF THE CATALOGUE 50 
 
 CUNEIFORM TEXTS. 
 
 Autographic Reproductions i 
 
 Photographic Reproductions xcvii 
 

PREFACE 
 
 The cuneiform texts published in this volume were copied 
 and autographed during my stay in Philadelphia in the winter 
 of 191 3-1914. Nearly all of therh are letters belonging to 
 the time of the so-called first Babylonian or Hammurapi 
 dynasty (2225-1926 B. C.). 
 
 There are only two (or three) exceptions: the first is an 
 Assyrian ahit sarrim (No. 132), addressed to a certain Ardi- 
 Gula. This man seems to be identical with Ardi-Gula of the 
 letter H ( = Harper, Assyrian letters), No. 117, mentioning 
 Asur-hdn-apli and Samas-sum-ukm (1. 5), by which fact the 
 time of our letter is determined. The other exception is a cone 
 of King Hammurapi, about 17, 3 cm. high, having an in- 
 scription as well on the shaft as on the base. Both inscrip- 
 tions are (as far as they are preserved) identical, though it 
 may be possible, that the inscription on the base^ was not 
 quite as long as that on the shaft. This text of King Ham- 
 murapi, mentioning the building of the (or a) wall of Sippar, 
 is especially interesting by the fact that it is the onl>' official 
 inscription before the time of the king’s great victory over 
 Rtm-Sin. For a transcription and translation see pp. 30 ff. 
 A third exception may be the letter No. 29, the writing of 
 
 ^ This seems to have been written in three columns, the third being totally destroyed; the 
 inscription on the shaft, however, is written in two columns. 
 
 ( 7 ) 
 
8 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 which might suggest some time at the end of the Hammurapi 
 dynasty; but as well the word ia-a-nu-um, hitherto never 
 found in texts of that period, as the mentioning of the city 
 of Luhdi^, are in favor for a later (Cassite) time. Unfor- 
 tunately the letter is too badly preserved to settle the ques- 
 tion definitely. 
 
 Most of the letters published in this volume have been 
 purchased by the Museum from dealers; only the first twenty- 
 nine texts were found during the excavations of the University 
 of Pennsylvania in Nippur. The publication of all these texts 
 had been assigned by the former editor of the Babylonian 
 Expedition, Dr. H. V. Hilprecht, to Dr. A. T. Clay. But the 
 latter very kindly ceded his rights to the present writer and 
 even gave him about twenty copies previously made by him 
 which could be utilized during the preparation of this work. 
 
 1 beg to offer my sincerest thanks to Professor A. T. Clay for his 
 kindness. My thanks are also due to Dr. G. A. Barton, who 
 gave some old Babylonian letters over to me which had been 
 assigned to him. In this way practically the whole amount of 
 old Babylonian letters, preserved in the Museum, could be 
 included in the present volumeC* only those not yet cleaned 
 and repaired and some assigned to Dr. A. Poebel which could 
 not be obtained for this collection were not made use of. 1 
 even published those letters which were very badly damaged 
 as every little piece of information we can get from the classical 
 
 1 Phis city also occurs in the Cassite letter No. 99 ( 1 . 6 ) of Radau’s collection (BE, XVl 1 , i) 
 who, however, read Lu-uh-di-shd^^ (p. 153) instead of ^^^Lu-up-di sd ki-[. . . .]. 
 
 ‘ Letter No. 37 published by H. Ranke in BE, VI, i. No. 32, has been repeated here, especially 
 as the interesting seal inscription was omitted in the’first publication. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 9 
 
 time of the Babylonian language seems to be worth while 
 publishing. 
 
 The letters bought from dealers came from the same 
 source as the contracts published by Dr. H. Ranke and Dr. 
 A. Poebel in BE, VI, i and 2 (second part), i.e., Sippar in North 
 Babylonia. It is, of course, often very difficult to determine 
 the place of such a letter by internal evidence only, and it 
 may even be the case that one or the other of them was picked 
 up at another tell; but, on the other hand, these letters are 
 so similar to other letters found at Sippar and so different 
 from those found at Nippur that we may consider their origin 
 as fairly certain. 
 
 An attempt has been made to give the letters of the two 
 sections of this volume in historical order. As nearl\' alwa\'s 
 internal evidence is the only guide, such an arrangement can- 
 not be considered as absolutely correct, though, on the other 
 hand, the character of the writing and the formulae of the 
 introduction give some evidence at least for the arrangement. 
 Quite unique are those few letters which mention the king’s 
 name in the introductory formula, i.e., No. 75,7 f .* 
 
 su-lum-ka ma-har ^^“samas ^^^‘mardiik ii be-U-ia am-mi-di-ta-ua \ 
 lu da-ri “may thy welfare be lasting before Satnas, Marduk 
 and my lord Ammiditana,” 
 
 and No. 90,,oi=9t,9[.: 
 
 su-lum-ka ma-har ’'“samas ' “marduk \ u be-li-ia am-mi-^a-dii-ga 
 I lu da-ri 
 
 There are a few other letters the time of which is deter- 
 mined by a date, namely No. 37 (23d (?) \'ear of Hammiirapi) 
 
10 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 and No. 89 (13th or 17th + a year of Ammisadiiga) . The latter 
 is especially interesting, because it is expressly called a copy 
 (mehir, 1 . 42) of a letter which was sent by Ihni-Sin and the 
 judges of Sippar-Amnanum to the king.^ Another letter men- 
 tioning Hammurapi (No. 83,1 7) is only furnishing us with 
 a terminus post quern. The oldest letter in the collection is 
 probably No. i, a case-tablet with remarkable seal impressions.^ 
 
 The writing of the letters found at Nippur might, at the 
 first glance, suggest that they are much older than they really 
 are. But when we compare for instance those four letters 
 addressed to the same person Lugd (No. 5-8) we will find 
 young and old forms of signs even in the same letter which 
 fact clearly shows that the old forms are merely artificial ones. 
 As it is very probable that Agua or Aguia mentioned in No. 
 9,1 and 10,13 is identical with Agua mentioned in contracts 
 found at Nippur and dated in the time of Rtm-Sin^ and Sam- 
 su'iluna,^ and that N anna- sala sir, the writer of No. 9 is iden- 
 tical with the witness in BE, VI, 2, No. 51,13 (time of Samsui- 
 luna), it is at least probable that most of the letters found at 
 Nippur belong to the reigns of Rtm-Sin or Hammurapi and 
 Samsuiluna. More exact dates are unfortunately not obtainable. 
 
 As 1 am going to give full transcriptions and translations of 
 
 ^ There can be little doubt that helu means “king” in this letter. That this belu (beli, bUni) 
 was the official address of the king is shown by quotations given in various letters written by the 
 kings themselves; cf. BB, 43 ( 1 . 13, bUi my lord — Hammurapi); BB, 49 ( 1 . 10, 14, bUi — Hammu- 
 rapi); BB, 51 ( 1 . 5, beli = Hammurapi); BB, 63 ( 1 . 10 flF. belini = Samsuiluna) ; BB, 70(1. 10, 
 belni = Abie sub) ; BB, 88 ( 1 . 9, belni — Samsuditana). 
 
 2 Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. XCVII. The case could not be removed 
 without destroying it. Therefore, the letter was not opened. 
 
 3 BE, VI, 2, No. 6, 3. 
 
 •’ BE, VI, 2, No. 29, 3. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD I I 
 
 all these letters in the second part of my “Babylonische Briefe”^ 
 I will only give a few interesting specimens in the introduc- 
 tion of this volume together with the translation of the remark- 
 able cone of King Hammurapi. 
 
 My thanks are due to the University of Pennsylvania and 
 especially to Provost Dr. Edgar F. Smith, who enabled me to 
 spend the winter in Philadelphia, and also to the Director 
 of the Museum, Dr. George B. Gordon, for his indefatigable 
 assistance during the preparation of this work. 
 
 Arthur Ungnad. 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 BA Beitrdge fiir Assyriologie und vergl. sem. Sprachwissen- 
 schaft. 
 
 BB A. Ungnad, Babylonische Brief e aus der Zeit der Ham- 
 murapi- Dynastie, Leipzig, 1914. 
 
 BE Babylonian Expedition of the University of Penns}i- 
 vania. 
 
 CT Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the Brit- 
 ish Museum. 
 
 OLZ Orientalistische Liter aturie Hung. 
 
 ^ A. Ungnad, Babylonische Brieje aus der Zeit der Hammurapi-Dynasiie (Vorderasiatische 
 Bibliothek), Leipzig, 1914. The second part is finished in manuscript. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 The letters published in this volume may be divided into 
 official and private letters. Official letters are those which 
 are either written by or to a king or high official. There are 
 no letters in our collection written by any king of the Ham- 
 murapi dynasty, but there are several official letters which may 
 be considered as addressed to a king. As we mentioned in 
 the Preface,^ the usual address to the king is simply helu {ana 
 heliia)\ but from this fact we are not allowed to infer that 
 every letter having the formula ana heliia is addressed to a 
 king. When we consider letters like BB No. 235, which is 
 addressed ana helim, we certainly do not get the impression 
 that the addressee is the king. There are furthermore a good 
 many letters written by women ana heliia: in this case it is 
 very probable that helu simply means the husband. ^ In most 
 of the cases, it is therefore quite impossible to say whether 
 a letter addressed ana helna is written to the king or another 
 high official. Only the contents may give some information 
 in one or the other direction. 
 
 ^ Cf. p. 10, note I. 
 
 2 Cf. BB, No. 1 13, 1 14, 115. 
 
 ( 13 ) 
 
14 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 OFFICIAL LETTERS 
 
 A good specimen of this class is No. 89 of our collection 
 dated in the time of King Ammisaduga} It is written by a 
 certain lhni-[. . .] and the judges of Sippar-Amnanum. As 
 several of the letters of King Ammisaduga are addressed to a 
 certain Ihni-Sin, a high official of Sippar^ it is very probable 
 that the name broken in our letter has to be supplied as Ibni- 
 [Am]. The letter is unfortunately damaged, but we can recognize 
 that it is concerned with a reproach of the king to the high 
 officials of Sippar for not having given certain taxes to a tax 
 collector^ of Babylon sent by the king. As we mentioned 
 before, the letter is no original but a copy that had been pre- 
 served in the archives of Sippar. It runs as follows. 
 
 (i. No. 89)^ 
 
 be- l[i- ni] 
 bi- [ma] 
 ib- ni- 'fNm] 
 
 u daianu[”®^ sijppar’"' am-na-nu-u[m-ma] 
 
 O. a-na 
 ki- 
 
 um-ma 
 
 5. as-sum sa be-el-ni is-pu-ra-an-ni-a-s[i-i]m 
 um-ma be-el-ni-ma 
 ki-ma a-na mi-ik-si ma-ka-si ta-ap-ri-ka-ma 
 a-di i-na-an-na mi-ik-su la [i]m-ma-ak-su 
 
 makis bab-ili^' i^/-[...].. 
 
 10. a-na mi-nim ta-[ap-ri-ka-m]a 
 
 1 Cf. Preface, p. lo. 
 
 ^ BB, 83-85, 87. 
 
 ^ ZAG.HA = mdkisu: Thureau-Dangin, RA VII, p. 185. 
 
 Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. C. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD I 5 
 
 mi-ik-su a-di i-na-an-na [la im-ma-ki-is] 
 
 [jnjakis bab-ili^''[ 
 
 (about 20 lines missing) 
 
 R. im-ma- 2i[k-ka-as] 
 
 an-ni-tam nu-u&-[ 
 
 35. ma-la i-na e-sag-ila ma-har '^""marduk [ 
 
 ^gi-mil- '^""marduk DUB . SAR. ZAG . GA^ sa a-na ib-[ni- 
 Sin is-saj-ak-nu 
 
 a-na tup-sar-ru-tim u-te-ir-ma a-na E. DUB. BA i[-ru-ii\h 
 
 ki-ma be-el-ni is-pu-ra-an-[ni-a-si-im] 
 
 makis bab-ili^' mi-ik-sa 2i-h[a..] i-n[a....s]u 
 
 40. uk- ti-in-nu . . . . [ 
 
 a-na se-me-e be-li-ni ni-i[s-pu-ra-am] 
 
 me-hi-ir tup-pi s[d 
 
 sa as-sum makis . . [ 
 
 U.E. ""^" 4 ebetu u[m 
 
 45. mu am-mi-za-du-g[a lugal-e] 
 
 "^"""ki.lugal-g[ub P 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ To [our] lord ^ speak: Hhus (say) Ibni-[Sin] ^ and the 
 judges of Sippar-Amnanum : ^ as to what our lord wrote unto 
 us, ® our lord (saying) as follows: ^ The tax collector of 
 Babylon has [reported], ^ that ye have acted unlawfully with 
 regard to the paying of the taxes, so that, ^ up to the present 
 time, the taxes have not been paid! ^°Why have ye [acted 
 unlawfully, so] that ^Hhe taxes, up to the present time, [have 
 
 not been paid]? ^^The tax collector of Babylon [ 
 
 (about 20 lines missing) 
 
 ^ Cf. Thureau-Dangin, Lettres et Contrats 152. 
 
 2 Supply either [ni-mah-a] or [ih-dirig-ga\\ in the first case it would be the 13th year, in the 
 latter a year after the i6th (v. A. Ungnad, BA VI 3, p. 14). 
 
1 6 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 ] shall he paid. This matter we have [ ]. 
 
 ^Whatever [has been delivered] in Esagila before the god Mar- 
 duk, has Gimil-Marduk, the clerk, who had been appointed 
 to lb[ni-Sin], written down, and then he [has ent]ered into the 
 archives. According to what our lord has written unto 
 [us], the tax collector of Babylon has [collected] the taxes 
 
 They have proved (it)....[ ]. ^Mn order 
 
 that our lord might hear it, we are writing (this letter). 
 
 Copy of a letter [ ] which in regard to the 
 
 tax collector. . [ ] 
 
 Tebetu, the [...th], year in which [King] Ammi- 
 saduga [set up] a kingly monument made of brass [ ] 
 
 Another letter sent by Ibni-Sin and the judges of Sippar 
 is No. 102 which is unfortunately badly preserved and care- 
 lessly written, many signs and even whole lines (26, 27) being 
 erased. This fact shows that this letter, too, is not the original 
 sent ana belini,^ but a rough draft from which the official letter 
 was copied. This draft was then preserved in the archives 
 of Sippar. The letter runs as follows. 
 
 (2. No. 102)^ 
 
 O. a-na be- li- ni 
 
 ki- b:- ma 
 
 um-ma ib-ni- sin 
 
 u daianu -ma 
 
 3. i-nu-ma be-el-ni i-na sippar^' wa-as-bu 
 wa-ar-ka-tum ip-pa-ar-ra-as-ma 
 i-na M-al-ma-ti be-el-ni at-ta tu-sa-si-a-an-ni-a-ti 
 
 ^ There can be little doubt that here the hHu is King Ammisaduga. 
 2 Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. C 11. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD IJ 
 
 i-na-an-na it-ti puhadi^'"'' sa ekallim 
 puhadi^'"" ni-na-ad-di-iiz 
 10. wa-ar-ka-tum ip-pa-ar-ra-as-ma 
 i-na sa-al-ma-ti nu-us-si 
 is-tu i-na tup-pi sar-ri-im 
 
 ^ilu-sa-ib-[ni i-na sipjparim*"' 
 
 it-ti . . [ 
 
 (about 10 lines missing) 
 
 R. um-ma [ 
 
 26. ma-an-nu^ [ 
 
 an^ 
 
 a-wa-at ni-ga-ab-bu-su-nu-si-im u-ul i-se-im-mu-u 
 sum-ma ag-ga-li u ^^daltum sa ni.. ad-da-ma 
 
 30. ma.... t\-m na-da-nim 
 
 ni-ga- bi- su- nu-si-im-ma 
 u-ul /[iw-ta-ag]-ga-ru-ni-a-ti 
 ^ilu-su-[ib-ni . . . i..mu i-na pi-ha-at 
 
 a-na /z-la [ ] . . hi 
 
 35. ^-5z-ka [ ] se 
 
 V w r 
 
 U IS- [ 
 
 a-na [ 
 
 L.E. [ ]-im u-sa-si u be-li at-ta ti-di 
 
 [i-n]a-an-na ab..la-a si-it-ti ta-tum 
 
 [....] ^-si-ti ti-di ni-a-ti-im-ma . . . .t2i-\R-a[k-k]u 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ To our lord ^ speak: ^ thus (say) Ibni-Sin ^ and the 
 judges : ^ When our lord stayed at Sippar ® the matter used 
 
 ^ an and nu are erased 
 2 All the signs after an are erased. 
 
 ® The beginning of the line is erased. 
 
i8 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 to be inquired into, and ^ safely thou, our lord, hast delivered 
 us. ^ Now ^ we want to give lambs ^ together with the lambs 
 of the palace. The matter will be inquired into and safely 
 we shall be delivered. After, by royal letter, llusu- 
 ib[ni 
 
 (about 10 lines missing) 
 
 ] the word which we say to them they do not hear . . . . 
 (the rest is nearly quite unintelligible) 
 
 Several letters the envelop of which probably had the 
 address ana heliia have no introduction at all. One of the 
 most interesting texts of this kind is No. 119, bringing a law- 
 case of a certain Isme-Adad against his brother Muhaddum 
 before the king. The writer .is not mentioned in the text: 
 probably he was a high official {sdpiru?) at the place where 
 the wronged man was living. The letter runs as follows. 
 
 (3. No. 119)^ 
 
 O. hs-me- '‘""adad mar ig-miW^'^sm wa[rad-ka] 
 ki-a-am ik-bi-a-am um-ma su-[ma] 
 
 I "^^amtam libbi sa bit a-bi-ia 
 a-na-ku u ah-hu-ia 
 
 w w A 
 
 5. a-na kaspim a-na tamkarim ni-id-di-in-ma 
 [kas]ap-sa ni-il-ki-e 
 ^^^amtam sii-a-ti it-ti tamkarim 
 a-na-ku ap-tu-u[r-s]i-m[a] 
 ka-ni-ik-sa na-si-[a-ku] 
 
 10. is-tu sattim 
 
 "^^amtum si-i ma-ah-ri-ia [wa-ds-ba-at] 
 ah-hu-ia u-ul ib-ku-r[u-si] 
 
 ^ Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. Cl I. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD IQ 
 
 i-na-an-na mu-ha-ad-du-um [a-hi] 
 
 "^^amtam su-a-ti a-sar [M-ni-im-ma] 
 
 15. il- te- [ki] 
 
 R. ki-a-am ik-bi-[a-am] 
 
 Ss-me-^'^adad [su-u] 
 
 a-na ma-har be-Ii-ia it-t[a-al-kam] 
 
 be-li sa-ap-ti-su l[i-is-me] 
 
 20. ka-ni-ka-ti-su li-m[u-ur] 
 
 i-na mu-uh-hi mu-ha-ad-d[u-um] 
 li-is -s[i- ma] 
 
 '^^amtam li-te-ir-ru-n[i-is-sum] 
 
 ^is-me- "‘""adad wara[d-ka] 
 
 25. ma-har '^""samas a-na be-li-[ija 
 li- ik -ru- ub 
 
 be-li at-ta i-na su-ul-mi u ba-la-ti 
 a-na bab-ili^' ir-ba-am-ma 
 bu-nu nam-ru-tum sa '^""marduk ra-i-mi-ka 
 30. u '^""adad ba-ni-ka li-im-hu-ru-ka 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ Isme-Adad, son of Igmil-Sin, [thy] servant, ^ has spoken 
 to me as follows: thus he (has said): ^ ‘'One female slave 
 belonging to those of my father’s house ^ 1 and my brothers 
 ® had given to a merchant for silver. ® Silver for her we had 
 received. That slave from the merchant ® 1 myself had 
 released [and] ^a sealed document concerning her [I have] 
 taken. For ten years that slave [A living] at my house: 
 
 my brothers did not claim her. Now, Muhaddum, [a 
 brother of mine], has taken that slave [at another] place 
 for himself.” 
 
 ^®Thus he has spoken to me. 
 
 [That man] Isme-Adad 
 
20 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 is now coming into the presence of my lord. My lord 
 may hear it from his own lips ; his sealed documents he may 
 look at. Against Muhaddum he may give orders [that] 
 they shall give back the slave to him (i.e., Isme-Adad). 
 
 Isme-Adad, thy servant, may pray before Samas 
 for the sake of my lord! My lord, in welfare and health 
 enter into the city of Babylon, and then may the splen- 
 did revelation of Marduk who loves thee and of Adad, who 
 has created thee, give their benedictions unto thee! 
 
 Other letters addressed ana heliia are Nos. 63, 78, 103, 
 104, and probably the mutilated texts Nos. 29, 30, 62, 72, 130. 
 Some others having no introduction (Nos. 82, 83, 84, 88, 123, 
 129) probably had the address ana helim on the envelop. 
 
 Another kind of official letters are those addressed ana 
 sa'piriia '‘to my governor.” The position of such a sdpiru 
 may best be understood from the text BB, 238 ( = CT, IV, i, 2). 
 In our collection only the badly preserved text No. 70 has the 
 address ana Mpiriia. 
 
 Some of the letters addressed ana awUim may be classed 
 under the heading “official letters” (Nos. 66, 68, 69, 75, 76, 77(?), 
 90-96, 98-101, 1 1 1 (?)), though it is quite certain that aweln 
 simply is an honorific title like Sir, Esquire or German “Hoch- 
 wohlgeboren.” As an example we may give No. 90, 
 
 (4. No. 90)^ 
 
 O. a-na a-we-lim 
 ki- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma '^''sm-na-di-i[n-a]h-hi-ma 
 ‘^""samas u '^""marduk da-ri-is umi“' 
 
 ^ Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. C. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 2 1 
 
 5. li-ba-al-li-tu-ka 
 
 lu sa-al-ma-ta lu ba-al-ta-ta 
 
 ilum na-si-ir-ka ri-es-ka a-na da-mi-ik-tim 
 
 li- ki- il 
 
 a-na su-ul-mi-ka as-pu-ra-am 
 10. su-Ium-ka ma-har '^""samas '‘""marduk 
 u be-li-ia am-mi-za-du-ga 
 lu da- ri 
 
 as-sum di-ib-ba-at '^'"sm-ri-me-ni 
 u ib-ni- '^'"adad a-hi-su 
 15. sa i-na sippar"' ia-ah-ru-rum 
 a- mu- ru- ma 
 
 ka-ni-ik ri-ik-sa-tim u-se-zi-bu-su-nu-ti 
 ku-nu-uk sange ‘‘""samas sange '^""a-a 
 Lo.E. u ku-nu-uk- ka-ti-ku-nu 
 20. ta- ak- nu- ka 
 R. ka-ni-ik ri-ik-sa-ti si-na-ti 
 ^'^""sm-ri-me-ni su-u na-si 
 ki-ma '''sm-ri-me-ni su-u 
 a-na si-im-ti-su il-li-ku 
 25. ^ib-ni- '^""adad a-hu-su 
 
 a-na bit '^""sm-ri-me-ni ur-ta-ag-gi 
 
 V 1 IV A iluv V V A ill! 
 
 sa ku-nu-uk sange samas sange a-a 
 u ku-nu-uk-ka-at-ku-nu ba-ak-ra. 
 ku-nu-uk ma-an-ni-im-ma im-ma-ah-ha-ar 
 30. ^ib-ni- *‘'adad su-a-ti 
 li-ki-ir-ri-bu-ni-ik-kum 
 
 i-na mu-uh-hi-su si-si 
 
 ni-sa-am i-na sa-ap-ti-su li-is-sa-ki-ma^ 
 
 a-na bit '^""sm-ri-me-ni a-hi-su 
 
 la u- ra-ag-ga 
 
 M. e., lis<akimma = lissakin-ma. The accusative is very remarkable. 
 
22 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM— -BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ To the noble one ^ speak: ^ thus (says) Sin-nadin-ahhi : 
 ^ Samas and Marduk may, for the duration of time, ^ keep thee 
 healthy! ® Mayest thou be well, mayest thou be healthy! 
 ^ The god who guards thee, ^ may lift up ^ thy head to happi- 
 ness! M am sending now (to inquire) after thy welfare: 
 may thy welfare be perpetual before Samas, Marduk 
 and my lord Ammisaduga! 
 
 As to the case of Sin-rimeni and Ibni-Adad, his 
 brother, which have investigated ^Mn Sippar-Jahrurum 
 
 and thereupon had caused them to draw up a sealed docu- 
 ment of their treaty, you had sealed (the document) with 
 the seal of the priest of the god Samas, the priest of the goddess 
 Aya and your seals. The sealed document of that treaty 
 had that man Sin-rimeni received. After that man Sin- 
 rimeni had gone to his destiny (i.e., died), Ibni-Adad, his 
 brother, raised claims against the house of Sin-rimeni. If 
 one is doubting the seal of the priest of Samas, the priest of 
 Aya and your seals, whose seal should be accepted! Let 
 them bring before thee ^Hhat man Ibni-Adad: give orders 
 
 against him! An oath shall be put on his lips, that he 
 will raise no claims against the house of Sin-rimeni, his 
 brother. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 23 
 
 PRIVATE LETTERS 
 
 Like all old-Babylonian letters the letters referring to 
 private affairs are very important from the linguistic point of 
 view. Rare words and forms occur which can not be found 
 in any historical or religious texts. The Babylonian Grammar 
 especially benefits by the great number of verbal forms of the 
 second person of which those of the plural are the most inter- 
 esting ones. The rule, established by the present writer,^ that 
 the ending of the second person of the plural is a and not it, 
 even when it is masculine, is confirmed throughout these letters. 
 There is also a new example of a letter addressed to two women 
 giving a number of those exceedingly rare forms of the second 
 person of the feminine plural. As only one letter so far is 
 known, ^ besides that in our collection (No. 51), we will give 
 this specimen here in transcription and, as far as it is possible, 
 in translation, too. 
 
 (5. No. 51)^ 
 
 O. a-na ka-ka-a u mi-ir-si-ia 
 ki- bi- ma 
 um-ma ’^Nm-ma-gir-ma 
 '^''samas li-ba-al-li-it-ki-na-ti 
 5. na-/M an-nu-um 
 
 sa warham . . . ma-ma a-na SO.KAZKAL se-e 
 lihhim 
 
 a-na su-ul-mi-ia la ta-as-pu-ra-nim 
 
 ^ OLZ. 1906, p. 585 ff. 
 
 2 Thureau-Dangin, Lettres ei Conirats, No. 23; cf. BB, 129. 
 ® Cf. the photographic reproduction on pi. XCN'III. 
 
24 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM-““BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 a-nu-um-ma ^ '^'"samas-e-pi-ri 
 a-na si-ri“ki-na at-tar-dam 
 Lo.E. 3/30 kem se’im 1/30 kem ke 
 II. su- bi- la- nim 
 R. sa si-bu-tim ma-ah-ri-ia 
 
 • w ^ 
 
 * 1 ^ ^ ^ * TpS * * * 
 
 i-ba-aS"Si amtum a-na si-ri-ia 
 
 • ^ 
 
 li-li-kam-ma lu-sa-bi-la-ki-im-ma 
 15. a-sa-ri-is id-na-a-ma 
 sa tu-sa-bi-la-nim 
 i-na is-ri-ki-na-a-ma 
 hu-ur-sa-ma si-ta-tum 
 ki-ma a“Sa-pa-(ra)-ki-na-si-im 
 20. su- bi- la- nim 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ To Kaka and Mirsiya ^ speak: ^ thus (says) Sin-magir. 
 ^ Samas may keep you healthy ! ^ How is it possible,^ ^ that 
 
 for a (whole) month ^ you have not sent ® anybody to me because 
 
 of the provisions for the journey ^ and in order to inquire 
 
 after my welfare! 
 
 ^ Now I am despatching Samas-epiri ^ to you: i/io kur 
 
 of barley flour and 1/30 kur of bean flour send to me! ^Mt 
 is wanted for some purpose with me. A female servant 
 
 ^^may come to me, and then 1 shall send thee^ (silver). There- 
 upon give (the flour) immediately and what you will have 
 sent to me take off from your own tithe. The rest send 
 to me according to what I shall write to you. 
 
 ^ Very doubtful; there may have been, at this place, a form belonging to the root 
 
 2 Instead of "yoti”! 
 
 3 Omitted by the scribe? 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD 25 
 
 Among the letters referring to business transactions we 
 may select two dealing with the same affair, the famous 
 LuHamarAetters . Both of them (Nos. 46 and 47) were enclosed 
 in envelops which were opened, so that the letters could be 
 read. Their having being preserved together with the envelops 
 is an indication that they were copies kept in the archives. 
 Both envelops are sealed: No. 46 with the seal of a certain 
 IVarad-Sin (though the writer is a certain Sin-rimeni) , No. 47 
 with the seal of the writer llum-hdni, son of Ibi-Ilabrat, known 
 also from the Sippar-texts BE, VI, 2, No. 72, 1 . 3 (21st year of 
 Hammurapi) and BE, VI, i. No. 50a: 19 and b: 19 (2d year of 
 Samsuiluna). The last text also mentions a brother of his 
 Sin-rtmeni (50 b: 19) who may be identical with the writer 
 of letter No. 46. 
 
 Both letters deal with transgressions of the ni'putu-n^l. 
 As we know from the code of Hammurapi (§§ ii4ff.), a man 
 who had certain claims against another was allowed to take 
 away a slave or even a free person from the household of his 
 debtor, in order to have this person work for him. Such a 
 person was called niputu (pi. nipdtu). Evidently Lustamar 
 had taken such a niputu from the daughters of a certain lasi- 
 ili, though his claims already had been satisfied. We read: 
 
 (6. No. 46)^ 
 
 Envelop: ^[a-na l]u-us-ta-mar 
 {seal) Varad- '^Nm 
 mar an-na-ili 
 warad ‘^""amurrim 
 Letter: O. a-na lu-us-ta-mar 
 ki- bi- ma 
 
 ^ Cf. the photographic reproductions on pi. XCVllI. 
 
26 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — -BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 um-rna ^'^""sm-ri-me-ni-ma 
 ni-pu-tum si marat ia-si-li 
 5. a-di ma-ha-ar ra-bi-a-nim 
 nu- lu-xu a-na bi-tim 
 sa marat ia-si-li 
 la ta-sa -zi 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 Envelop: ^ [To] Lustamar. 
 
 {seal) ^ Warad-Sin, ^ son of Anna-ili, ^ servant of 
 the god Amurrum. 
 
 Letter: ^ To Lustamar ^ speak: ^ thus (says) Sin-rimeni: 
 ^ The niputu of the daughter of I^asili ^ to the presence of the 
 
 prefect ® Against the house ^ of the daughter of Jasili 
 
 ® thou shalt not make a claim. ^ 
 
 (7. No. 47)2 
 
 Envelop: ^ana lu-us-ta-mar 
 
 {seal) ^ilu-su-ba-ni dam-gar 
 dumu i-bi- '^'"ilabrat 
 arad '^'''^'Tin-subura-g[e] 
 
 Letter: O. a-na lu-us-ta-mar 
 ki- bi- ma 
 um-ma ilu-su-ba-ni-ma 
 marat™^^ ia-si-ili 
 
 5. ki-a-am is-pur-ra-nim um-ma si-na-ma 
 se’a-am sa G1 . PA.SlK. IS^"" 
 ma- hi- ir 
 li-ib-ba-su ta-ab 
 
 ^ Literally "call.” 
 
 * Cf. the photographic reproductions on pi. XCIX. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD 27 
 
 i-na-an-na ni-pa-ti-ni 
 10. it-ti-pi 
 
 R. ki-a-am is-pur-ra-nim 
 se’a-am ma-ah-ra-a-ta 
 li-ib-ba-ka ta-ab 
 a-li-a-am-ma marat™^^ ia-si-ili 
 15. a- pu- ul 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 Envelop: ^ To Lustamar. 
 
 {seal) Mlusu-bani, the merchant, ^ son of Ibi- 
 Ilabrat, ^servant of the god Ilabrat ( = Nin- 
 subur). 
 
 Letter: ^ To Lustamar ^ speak: ^ thus (says) Ilusu-bani; 
 ^ the daughters of ](asi-ili ^ have written to me as follows ; 
 
 Barley for ^ he {vi^., Lustamar) has received, * his 
 
 heart is satisfied. ^ Now he has taken away ® niputus belong- 
 ing to us.” After this fashion they have written to me. 
 The barley thou hast received, thy heart is satisfied! 
 (the requests of) the daughters of lasi-ili answer! 
 
 Among the letters found at Nippur we may, at least, select 
 one dealing with a very interesting law suit: 
 
 (8. No. 7). 
 
 O. a-na lu-ga-a 
 ki- bi- ma 
 
 um-ma '^Nm-pu-ut-ra-am-ma 
 ''"en-lil u ""NIN.IB li-ba-li-tu-ka 
 5. hu-ga-tum alpf'^-su a-na dimtim''" 
 
28 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 a-na ekil samassammim e-pi-si-im 
 iz-zu-ha-[am]-ma 
 ^u-bar-lu-lu wa-ar-k[i-su] i-la-ak 
 alap-su i-mU"Ut-ma 
 10. a-na si-ri-ia a-na di-ni-im il-li-k[u-n]im-ma 
 SA.GUD'"'''' a-Ii-ik i-di-su a-sa-al-ma 
 ki-a-am ik-bu-nim um-ma su-nu-ma 
 alpum ip-du-ur-ma sa-am-mi i-ka-al 
 [im-k]u-ut-ma im-tu-ut 
 L.E. [um-m]a a-na-ku-u-ma 
 R. [a-na njippurim^' a-na a-al daidnr^' 
 a-al-ka-a-ma 
 di-nam li-di-nu-ku-nu-ti 
 
 i-na nippurim^' daianu^^^ di-nam i-di-nu-su-nu-ti 
 20. a-na ha-dih '^kirem a-na ni-is ilim 
 ^u-bar-lu-lu i-di-nu 
 ^^^lu-ga-tum di-nam su-a-ti 
 u-ul l[i-k]i 
 
 wa-ar-ka-zu p[u-ru-u]s-[ma] 
 la ih-ha-ab-ba-al 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ To Luga 2 speak: ^ thus (says) Sin-putram: ^ Enlil and 
 NIN.IB may keep thee healthy! Lugatum had fetched 
 his oxen to the town of Dimtu, in order to till a field of sesame. 
 Thereupon ^ Ubar-Lulu followed him: ^ one ox of his died; 
 therefore they came into my presence for judgment. Then 
 the herdsmen, who had helped him, I asked and they spoke 
 as follows: ^^‘'The ox went aside in order to eat grass; [he 
 fell] down and died.'’ 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 29 
 
 Thus I (replied) : [“To] Nippur to the city of the‘ 
 
 judges ye must go; then they will render you a judgment/' 
 ^Mn Nippur the judges rendered a judgment to them: 
 20-21 assigned Ubar-Lulu to the Garden Gate for an oath. 
 22-23 Lugatum has not accepted that judgment. [Inquire] 
 into his matter, [in order that] he may not suffer any 
 damage. 
 
30 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 A NEW INSCRIPTION OF HAMMURAPI 
 
 The cone published here as an appendix (No. 133 = pi. 
 cm f.) belongs to the oldest collections of the Museum. That 
 this inscription was written during Hammurapi’ s earlier reign/ 
 is shown by the fact that the king does not call himself sar 
 kibrat arha’im ''king of the four quarters of the world. It 
 refers to the building of the wall of Sippar, certainly the same 
 operation which was celebrated by the naming of the king’s 
 25th year: mu had ‘'year in which the wall of Sippar 
 
 (was finished).” This building operation probably was begun 
 in the king’s 23d year: mu apin had limhi/' “year in which 
 the foundation of the wall of Sippar (was laid).” Therefore 
 the whole work took about two years. 
 
 The walls of Sippar again collapsed during the last years 
 of the king’s reign. He therefore had built them anew and 
 this operation is mentioned in the inscriptions of the British 
 Museum No. 122 12 and 12216^ in which the king is called 
 ^ar kibrat arhaim ( 1 . 4). The same operation was celebrated 
 by naming the king’s 43d year mu limhir^' '‘year of Sippar.” 
 
 The inscription published in this volume runs as follows: 
 
 1 
 
 i-nu ‘‘^'samas sarrum sa ilP 
 
 be-lum ra-bi-um 5 ha-am-mu-ra-pi 
 
 sa^ sa-ma-i u ir-si-tim ru-ba-am mi-gir®-su ia-ti 
 
 ^ Cf. also Preface, p. 7. 
 
 * Vil-, Sumer- Akkad, Elamtu, Amurru, Subartu; cf. BA, VI, 5, p. 18. 
 
 ® King, Letters and Inscriptions of Hammurabi, I, 57 (pi. 97 ff.), 58 (pi. 102 ff.); Ill, p. 177 ff. 
 
 ^ Original ta. 
 
 ^AN-AN. 
 
 ^ Orig. ha. 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD 3 1 
 
 7 in pa(-ni)^-su nam-ru-tim 
 ha- di- is 
 ip-pa-al- sa^- ni 
 10 sar-ru-tam da-n-tam^ 
 pala umi”"' ar-ku-tim 
 is- ru- kam 
 isid matim^ 
 sa a-na be-li-im 
 15 i-ti- na- am 
 u- ki- in- nam^ 
 ni-si® sippar’"' 
 u bab-:li^‘ 
 su-ba-at ne-ih-ti 
 20 su- su- ba-am 
 in pi-su el-li-im 
 sa la na-ka-ar ik-bi-u 
 dur sippar’"' 
 e-pi- sa- am 
 25 ri-si-su ul-la-a-am 
 ra-bi- is 
 
 46 ^a is-tu um'''" si-a-tim 
 sar-ru in sarrf* 
 
 lu-wa-ir-ra-an-ni 
 
 • A ‘mi V r 
 
 i-nu-umi - su 
 ha-am-mu-ra- pi 
 30 sarrum da-num 
 sar bab-ili^' 
 
 na-’i-du-um se-mu ‘‘'"samas 
 na-ra-am "‘'"a-a 
 mu-ti-ib li-bi^ 
 
 35 ‘‘'"marduk be-li-su a-na-ku 
 in e-mu-ki-in 
 si-ra- tim 
 
 V ^ iluv V . • Q 
 
 sa samas it -ti-na -am 
 in ti- bu-ut 
 40 um-ma-an ma-ti-ia 
 us-si dur sippar'"’ 
 in e-pi- ri 
 
 ki-ma sadi^^-im ra-bi-m 
 ri-si- 52 i^^-nu lu u-ul-li 
 45 duram siram^^ lu e-pu-us 
 
 II 
 
 48 ma-na-ma la i-pu-su 
 a-na '^""samas be-li-ia 
 
 ^ Omitted by orig. 
 
 2 Sign lag — damku. 
 
 ^ dam. 
 
 4 UN. 
 
 ® B: na-a[m\{l) . 
 
 ® Sign sig. 
 
 7 B: ib-hi. 
 
 ^ Orig. da. 
 
 ^ Omitted by B. 
 
 10 SA.TU. 
 
 Orig. apparently {u. 
 
 Or badmahham instead of duram siram. 
 
32 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 50 ra-bi-is lu e-pu-us-zum 
 durum su- u 
 in ki-bi-it '^'"samas 
 ha-am- mu-ra-pi 
 ma-hi-ri a ir-si 
 
 w 
 
 55 sum- su 
 
 in pale-ia dam-ki-im 
 
 V r iluv V *1 1 V 
 
 sa samas ib-bu-u 
 sippar^' 
 
 al^' [s]z-a-tim s[d ] 
 
 60 umman-su in . . [ ] 
 
 a-na '^""samas lu [ ] 
 
 nar-su lu ah-[ri] 
 a-na ir-si-[ti-su] 
 me-e d[a- ru-tim] 
 
 65 lu as-ku- [un] 
 
 nu-uh-s[a-am u tu-uh-da-am] 
 lu u- [ki-in] 
 a-na ni-s[i si]ppar^' 
 r[z-z]5-tam lu as-ku-u[n] 
 
 70 a-[. . . .]-at-ti-. . [ ] 
 
 . .[ ]-ka-ra-[ ] 
 
 [sa] a-na /z^^r^'^samas b[e-lM]a 
 u '^""a-a be-el-ti-ia 
 ta-a-bu lu e-pu-us 
 75 su-mi dam-ga-am 
 
 A 'mi V 
 
 umi - sa-am 
 ki-ma ilim za-ka-ra-am 
 sa a-na da-ar 
 la im-ma-as-su-u 
 80 in pi-i[ n]i-s[i\ 
 lu as- ku- un 
 
 TRANSLATION 
 
 ^ When Samas, ^ the great lord ^ of heaven and earth, 
 ^ the king of the gods, ^ had joyfully ^ looked upon ® me, 
 ^ Hammurapi, ® the prince, his favorite, with his shining face, 
 (when) he had presented to me an everlasting kingdom, 
 a reign of long time, (when) he has established ^'the 
 foundation of the land which, in order to rule, he had 
 given to me, (when he), with his pure mouth, which cannot 
 be altered, had given orders to let live the people of 
 Sippar and Babylon in a peaceful habitation, he truly 
 commanded me in a great fashion to make the wall of 
 Sippar (and) to lift its head. 
 
 At that time have I, Hammurapi, the mighty king, 
 the king of Babylon, the sublime, the obedient (worshipper) 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD 33 
 
 of Samas, the favorite of Aya, who makes rejoice the heart 
 of Marduk, his lord, I, with the high strength that 
 Samas gave to me, by means of the rising of the folk of 
 my land, as to the foundations of the wall of Sippar, in 
 clay like a great mountain 1 have lifted their head. 
 
 A great wall 1 built. What since the oldest times no 
 king among the kings had made, to Samas, my lord, in 
 a great fashion 1 made for him. 
 
 That wall has the name: By the command of Samas 
 may Hammurapi not have any adversaries! 
 
 During my splendid reign which Samas had pro- 
 nounced, Sippar, the everlasting city..[ ], its folk 
 
 in . . [ ] to Samas truly [1 ] ; its canal truly 1 dug. 
 
 For [its] country ever[lasting] water truly 1 procured. 
 Riches [and abundance] truly 1 established. For the 
 
 people of Sippar the best position 1 truly established. . . 
 
 [....] [ ] [ ]. [That which] 
 
 was pleasant for the heart of Samas, my lord, and of 
 Aya, my mistress, truly 1 did. 
 
 My splendid name daily like a god to be men- 
 tioned who, for all times, never will be forgotten, in the 
 mouth of the people truly 1 have established. 
 
34 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 INDEX OF PROPER NAMES 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 b. = brother; d. = daughter; f. = father; PN = personal name: 
 R = receiver; S = sender; s. = son; si. = sister. 
 
 Feminine names are indicated by i has been inserted 
 after z; k after k; s and 5 after 5; t after t. 
 
 Names of Persons 
 
 Ahaii: A-ba-ii 
 
 I. 106: [23(?)], 34 
 Ahiiatum: A-hi-ia-tum 
 
 1 . akil ispari: 32 : 5, 8 
 
 2. f. of Gimil-Gula: 33:6 
 
 Ahum-ktma-ilim: A-bu-um-ki-ma- 
 
 AN 
 
 I . 11:13 
 
 Adad-idinnam: ^^^1 M-i-din-nam 
 1 . 86 : 29 
 
 Adad-lu-Ay' ^’'^IM-lu-pr 
 1 . 88:3 
 
 Adi-ili: A-di-AN 
 
 I. R: 52 : I, [4], 7, 1 1 
 Agma: A-gu-ia, *A-gu-u-a 
 
 1 . R: 9 : I 
 
 2. *10:13 
 
 Ahu{m)-wakar: A-hu-um-wa-kar , 
 *A-hu-wa-kar 
 
 1 . *11:19 
 
 2. S: *12 : 3 
 
 3 . R : *42 : 1 
 
 4-43:7 
 
 Ai-abds-ili: A-ia-ba-ds-'i-Vi 
 I. S: 70:3 
 
 °Aia-ldmassi: ^^^a-a-la-ma[-it\ 
 
 1. 34:34 
 
 °Aia-ummi: a-a-um-m[i] 
 
 1 . 38:22 
 
 Aka l-ana-M arduk : A-ga-al-a-na- 
 ““AMAR.UD 
 ^ I. S: 33:3 
 °Aliiatum: A-li-ia-tum 
 
 I. cousin(?) of Nardmidni: 55: 
 
 17 
 
 Al{i)-taltmi: A-l'i~ta-li-mi, *A-U-ta- 
 li-me, 'fA-U-[t]a-[li-mi]{?), 
 
 1. ti9:24 
 
 2. s. of Bur-Adad: 37:3, **14 
 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 3 - *94:7 
 
 Ammiditana: Am-mi-di-ta-na 
 1 . (sarru ) : 75:7 
 Ammisaduga: Am-mi-ia-du-ga 
 
 I . {sarru ) : 89 : 45 | 90 : 1 1 | 91 : 
 10 
 
 Ana-ilia^'^Gfakldku : A-na-[t-li-i a- 
 ta-ak-la-ku 
 1 . 23:6 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 35 
 
 Ana-M arduk-takldku: A-na- 
 ^^^AMAR.UD-tdk-la-ku 
 
 1 . 36 : 8 
 
 Ana-Sin-takldku: A-na-^^EN .ZU- 
 tdk-la-ku 
 I. 127:27 
 
 Ana-. . .-takldku: A-na-idk-la-ku 
 
 (erroneous) 
 
 I. suhdru of Ibkatum: 43:14 
 Anna-ili: An-na-AN 
 
 I . f. of IV arad-Sin: 46 A : 3 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Ansar {?)-haldti: A N-SA R {?)-ha (?)- 
 la-ti 
 I. 25 : 17 
 
 Anum{?)-hdbil (or Ili-hdbil): AN- 
 ha-bil 
 I . R: 56:1 
 
 Apil-ilisu: A-pil-t-U-su, *A-pil-i- 
 lt[-su\, ][A]-p'il-t-li-su 
 
 1. R: *31:1 
 
 2. muirru: ^82 : 7 
 
 3. S: 112:4 
 Apil-Istar: A-pil-lstar 
 
 I . R, f. of {?)IUdni: 58 : 1 
 Apil-iaki: A-pil-^a-ki 
 
 1. 108 : 13, 41 
 
 2. dl A.: 113: 13 
 Aplatum: Ap-la-tum 
 
 I . S: 61:2 
 
 [Ardi-Gula (assyr.): ARAD-^^Gu-la 
 1. 132:2; 
 
 Ardu{m): Ar-du-um, *Ar-du 
 
 1 . S: *71:3 
 
 2. 101:11,21 
 Asum{?): A{?)-su-um 
 
 1. 53:8 
 
 Asigulul: A-si-gu-lu-iil 
 I . R: 19:1 
 
 Askuddnum: As-ku-da-na-am (acc.) 
 
 1 . 60:17 
 
 Askudum: As-ku-dii-um 
 I . S : 40 : 3 
 
 Assnr-dsu: ^^^A . USAR-a-su 
 I . S : 49:2 
 °Atkalsi: At-kal-si 
 1. 94:33 
 
 AwdV^^SamaL- KA.^^^UDA[K]Ai?)- 
 
 1. S: *20:4 
 
 2. mdru A.: 45:9 
 AwUiia: A-we-li-ia 
 
 I. f. of AwU-Istar: lOO' 14 
 Awel-lstar: A-we-il-Istar 
 
 1. S: 78:3 
 
 2. tamkaru, s. of Aweliia: 100: 
 
 ^4 
 
 Awel-Sin: A-we-iV^^VN .ZU 
 1 . S : 80:3 
 °Babd: Ba-ba-a 
 
 I. si. of Samas-garri: 5 : 5 
 Baginn: Ba-gi-nu 
 
 1 . mdru B.: 103:5 
 Baltu-kasid: Ba-al-iii-ka- si-id 
 I. S: 56:3 
 Bassi: Ba-as-si 
 
 ^ 63 : 3 _ _ 
 
 BA . SA-Sarratum: BA . SA-‘"sd-ra- 
 turn 
 
 1 . 82 : 9, 12 
 Baiiiu: Ba-(i-^u 
 1 . 110:13 
 Beid: Be-e-ia-a 
 
 1 . 14:19 
 
 2. Idin-Amurriim: 61 : i 
 Beldnu{m): Be-la-nii-iim, *Be-la-}tu 
 
 1 . R: 39:1 
 
 2. kalamahhii Aniinitiim: *107: 
 
 16 
 
 BHiiatiim: Be-li-ia-tiim 
 
 1. s. of Daniakiim {?): 67:13 
 
 2 . 108:40 
 
36 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 ° BUissunu: Be-li-^u-nu 
 I . S : 60:3 
 
 Bel-kdli{?)-[ Be-el-k[a-lWy 
 
 [....]^ . 
 
 I . f. of Iltdni: 72 : 19 
 Belliti{?): Be-el-li-ti (doubtful if 
 proper name) 
 
 I . s. of EU(?) : 83:21 
 BUmnu: Be-el-su-nu 
 I. R: 35:1 
 
 °BiUetum: Bi-it-te-tum 
 
 I. si. of Ilusu-bdni: 100: 10 
 Bunene-gdmil: *^^bu~ne-ne-ga-mil 
 I . R: 34:1 
 Bur-Adad: Bur-^^AM 
 
 .A 
 
 I. f. of Al{i)-talimi: 37 : 15 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Damakum{?): Da-ma-ku-um (all 
 signs uncertain) 
 
 I. f. of BHiiatum{?): 67:13 
 °Dumki-Istar: Du-um-ki~Istar 
 1 . 36:14, 16, 19 
 Ea-muballit: E-a-mu-ba-li-it 
 I . S: 21 : 3, 20 
 
 Elt{?): E-li-i (uncertain if proper 
 name) 
 
 I . f. of Belliti{?): 83:21 
 ElmHum: El-me-sum 
 I . S: 110:3 
 
 Enlil-turam: En-lil-tu-r[a-a]m 
 
 I . R: 3 : i 
 
 Enltl{?)-[. . .]: ^^^E[n-ltl-. . .](?) 
 
 I . R: 26:1 
 Eribam: E-ri-ba-am 
 1 . R : 42 : 2 
 °Eristum: E-ri-is-tum 
 1.6:6 
 
 Etel-pi-N abium: E-tel-K A-^^N a-bi- 
 um 
 
 I. S: 94:3 
 
 °Gemutum (uncertain, if feminine) : 
 Ge-mu-tu[m]{?) 
 
 I. 17: 19 
 
 Gimil-Gula: Gi-mil-^^Gu-la 
 I. s. of Abiiatum: 33 : 5 
 Gimil-ili: SU-i-lt 
 I . R: 1:2 
 
 Gimillum: Gi-mil-lum 
 
 1 . 32 : 14, 18 
 
 2. R: 33 : I 
 
 Gimil-M arduk: Gi-mil-^^^ A M AR . 
 
 UD 
 
 I . tupsarru: 89 : 36 
 Habil-ahi: Ha-bil-a-bi 
 1 . 95 : 12 
 
 Haburum: Ha-bu-rum 
 I . S : 42 : 5 
 
 Haiab-ili: Ha-ia-ab-AN 
 
 I . f . of Imdi-lstar: 49 : 7 
 Hammurapi : H a-am-mu-ra-p'i, 
 *Ha-am-mu-r[a-pt\, ^[Ha- 
 am]-mu-ra-pi 
 I. ( = 2): 83 : *1, t 7 
 [2. (=1): 133 A : 5, 29, 53] 
 Hulatum: Hu-la-tum 
 I . R : 48 : I 
 
 Hunnum: Hu-un-nu-u[m] 
 
 I. 97:4 
 
 Huidlum: Hu-^a-lum 
 
 1. S: 41 :3 
 
 2. R: 42 : 3 
 
 3. 94:7, 41 
 
 4. 130:31 
 
 Ibi-Enhl: I-bi-^^^En-lil 
 
 1 . sdkinu: 17:16 
 
 2. 1 16 : 18 
 
 Ibi- llabrat: I-bi-^^^N IN .SUBUR 
 I . f . of Ilusu-bdni: 47 A : 3 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Ibi-ilum: I-bt-t-lum 
 I. S: I • 1 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 37 
 
 ' Ihik-ilisu: SIG-i-U-[su] 
 
 I . f . of Sumum-Uhsi and Labis- 
 tum; his daughter men- 
 tioned: 1 1 7 : II 
 * '1 
 
 Ihi-Sahan: I-bi- Sd-ha-an 
 
 I. S: 75 : 3 
 Ibkatum: Ib-ga-tum 
 
 1. R: 43 : I 
 
 2. f. of N ardmtdni: 55:3 
 Ibku-Anunitum: Ib-ku-AN-nu-ni- 
 
 tum 
 
 I . S: 103:3 
 
 Ibku-Damu{?): Ib-ku-^^D[a-mu\{?) 
 
 1 . 10:18 
 
 Ibku-N abium: Ib-ku-’'’^N a-bi-um 
 I. 107 : 14, 27, 29 
 Ibku-[...]: lb-ku-\^^^-\ . .] 
 
 I. 91:37 
 
 Ibni-Adad: Ib-ni-^^l M 
 
 1. Nl.SAGi?): 88:2 
 
 2. b. of Sin-rimeni: 90:14, 
 
 25, 30 
 
 3. R: 112:1 
 
 4. malahu: 122, 5 
 Ibni-Marduk: Ib-ni-^^UMAR.UD 
 
 1 . R: 112:2 
 
 2. 123 : 18, 21 (?) 
 
 Ibni-Sin: lb-ni-^^^*'^EN .ZU, *Ib-ni- 
 
 ^Ib-m-XXX 
 
 1. S: *89:3, 36 (supplied ac- 
 
 cording to BB 83-83) 
 
 2. ti02 : 3 
 
 3. S: 109 : 3 
 
 Ibni-Samas: Ib-ni-^'^U D 
 I. S: 93 :3 
 Iddatum: Id-da-tum 
 I . S: 101:3 
 
 Idin-Amurrum: I-din-^"'M AR.TU 
 I. s. of Beta: 61 : 5 
 Idin-Ea: I-din-^^^E-a 
 I. 107 : 14, 21, 25 
 
 Idin-Ilabrat: I-din-^^^N I N . SUBUR 
 1. daidnii: 117:19 (probably 
 erroneously instead of 
 Idin-lrra) 
 
 Idin-Irra: I-din-’'^Ir-ra 
 
 I . daidnii: 117:11, 15 (1. 19 
 erroneously 1 -din- IN . 
 SUBUR) 
 
 Idin-Sin: I-din-’'^EN .ZU 
 
 1 . 94:21 
 
 2. I 1 3 : 14, 20, 23, 26 
 Igmil-Sin{?): Ig-mil-‘^‘^EN.ZU (all 
 
 signs uncertain) 
 
 I. f. of Isme-Adad and Muhad- 
 dum: 119:1 
 
 Ili-asri{?): I-lt-as(?)-ri[. .] 
 
 I. 54:11^ 
 
 Ili-atpalam: I-li-at-pa-lam * 
 
 1 . R: 4:1 
 
 Ili-bdni: l-l'i-ba-ni-i 
 1 . 11:18 
 
 Ili{?)-darimiim: A N-da-ri-mu-iim 
 1. R: 21 : 1 
 
 lli-enbam: I-li-e-ri-ba-am 
 
 1 . R : 2 : 1 
 
 2. 62 : 23 
 
 Ili-idinnam: 1-li-i-din-nam 
 
 I. s. of Sin-bH-aplim: 118: 14, 
 16, 21, 24 
 
 Ili-ikisam: I-Vi-i-ki-sd-am 
 1 . 84 : 9, 11 
 
 AN-7nii-[. . .] 
 
 1 . 10:17 
 °IUdni: Il-ta-ni 
 
 1. S, d. (?) of Apil-Istar: 58 : 3 
 
 2. d. of BA-kdli{?)-[. . .], tigilti 
 
 Smnas: 72 : 18, 21 (doubt- 
 ful) 
 
 Iluni: 1-lu-ni 
 
 1. samallii: 117:9 
 
 2. 130 : 23, 29 
 
38 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 Ilusu-abusu: A N -su-a-bu-su 
 I. R: 45 :1 
 
 llusu-bdni: AN-su-ba-ni 
 
 1 . S: 19:3 
 
 2. S, tamkaru, s. of Ibi-Ilabrai: 
 
 47A : 2 (i.e. seal); B : 3 
 
 3. 99:14 
 
 4. S, b. of Bittetum: 100, 3 
 
 5. s. oi llusu-ibni{?): 108:15, 17 
 llusu-ibni: AN~su-ib-[ni], *AN-s[u- 
 
 i]b-ni{?) (last signs uncer- 
 tain) 
 
 1. 102 : 13, 33 
 
 2. f. of llusu-bdni: *108: 15 
 Imdi-lstar: Im-di-lstar 
 
 I. s. of Haiab-ili, b.(?) of 
 IVarad-Sin: 49:5, 10, 15, 
 21 
 
 Imgur-Sin: Im-gur-^^EN .ZU 
 1. 35:6 
 
 .A 
 
 Ina-Esagila-ier : 1 -na-E-sag-ila- 
 
 ZIR 
 1 . 84:12 
 
 Ina-pi-Samas: I-na-pi-^'^UD 
 1 . 26 : 16 
 
 I nnunatiia{?) : In-nu-na-ti-ia (first 
 three signs uncertain) 
 
 I . mdrat 1 72 : 8 
 Iskur-manse: M-ma-an-se 
 
 1 . S : 99 : 3 
 
 2. akil tamkari: 103: 12 
 Isme-Adad: 
 
 I . s. of 1 gmil-Sin{?), b. of 
 Muhaddum: 119:1, 17,24 
 °Isiar-ekalli: Isiar-E.GAL-li 
 
 I . S, wife(?) of Nabium-mdlik: 
 36 : 2 
 
 °Istar-[. . .]: Ista[r-. . .] 
 
 I. S; 38:3 
 I^irum: 1 -ii-rum 
 1 . 95 : 28 
 
 lakburum: la-ak-bu-ri-im (gen.) 
 
 1. 127:23 
 
 lasi-ili, lasili: la-si-AN, 
 
 I . mdrdt I: *46 B : 4, 7 | 47 
 B :4, 14 
 
 °Kakd: Ka-ka-a 
 1 . R: 51:1 
 Ka[. . .]: Ka-[. . .] 
 
 1 . R: 50:1 
 
 Kubburum: Ku-ub-bu-rum 
 
 1 . 81:7, II 
 
 2. 82 : 1, 20 
 
 Ku-Innanna: AZAG-^^^^*AN- 
 NANNA 
 
 1 . nuhatimmu: 15:4 
 °Kukuia: Ku-ku-ia 
 1 . R: 36 : 1 
 
 °KuttuUu: Ku-ut-tu-ut-ta (acc.) 
 
 1 . 120 : 6 
 
 Labistum: La-bi-is-tum, *La-b[i-i]s- 
 {?)-tum 
 
 1 . galldbu: 100 : 19, 24 
 
 2. s. of Ibik-ilisu, b. of Sumum- 
 
 libsi: *117:13 
 
 °Ldmassdni: La-ma-^a-ni, ^La-ma- 
 ia-na{?) 
 
 1. *83 :7(?) 
 
 2. S: 105:3 I [106 : 3] 
 
 °Ldmassi: La-ma-si-i{-ma) 
 
 I. S: 57:3 
 
 Ltser-Sippar: Li-se-ir-UD . KI B . 
 NUN.Kl 
 i- 37:4 
 
 Lu-Asari(?): LIG-LU- 
 
 V ^ 
 
 [SAR] (uncertain) 
 
 I . f. of Sin-idinnam: 97:15 
 Lu-Enlilla: En-lil-[ld] 
 
 1 . R: 15:1 
 Lugd: Lu-ga-a 
 
 1 . R: 5:1 I 6 : I | 7 : i | 8 : i 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 39 
 
 Lugatum: Lu-ga-tum 
 I. 7:5, 22 
 Lu-N ingunanna{?) : 
 
 gun-an]-na (uncertain) 
 
 I . S: 26:2 
 
 Lustamar: Lu-us-ta-mar 
 
 1 . R : 46 A : I ; B : i [ 47 A : i ; 
 
 B ; I 
 
 2. S: 48:3 
 3 - 59:15 
 
 Malltlum: M a-al-li-i-li-im (gen.) 
 
 I. R: 23 ; I, 8 
 
 Marduk-ldmassasu: ^^^AMAR.UD- 
 la-ma-ia-su 
 I . S : 98:3 
 
 Marduk-muballit: ^^^AMAR.UD- 
 mu-ha-U-it 
 
 1 . 69:8 
 
 2. 76 : 14, 18 
 
 3. kalamahhu{?) : 93 : 36 
 
 4. awelu, abi ummdni: 108:28 
 Marduk-musallim: ^^^AMAR.UD- 
 
 mii-sd-lim 
 I . awelu: 130: 18 
 
 Marduk-mu[. . ^^'^AMAR.UD- 
 mu-[. . .] 
 
 I . S: 81:3 
 
 Marduk-ndsir: ^^^*AMAR. UD-na- 
 
 si-ir 
 
 I. S: 32:3 
 
 M arduk-nisu: '^“AMAR. UD-ni-su 
 
 I . 36:18 
 
 Mdr-irsitim: TUR-Kl 
 !. 48:5 
 
 Mdr-Purattim: TUR-^°’' KI B.NUN. 
 KI (erroneous) 
 
 1 . 83 : 2 
 
 °Mirsiia: Mi-ir-si-ia 
 I . R: 51:1 
 
 Muhaddum: Mu-ha-ad-du-um 
 
 I . s. of 1 gmil-Sin{?) , b. of Isme- 
 Adad: 1 19 : 13, 21 
 
 Nabi-llabrat: Na-bid^^NIN . SUB UR 
 I. sangu Anunitum: 117 : 17, 
 22, 26 
 
 N abi-ilisu: N a-bi-i-li-lu 
 1. 78:4 
 
 N abium-gamil: ' "na-bi-um-ga-mil 
 
 N abium-ibni: ’^’*na~bi-uni-ib-ni 
 I . 80:4 
 
 Nabium-mdlik: *^^7ta-bi-iim-ma-lik 
 I. husband(?) of Istar-ekalli: 
 36:5 
 
 N abinm-nisu: ''“na-bi-um-ni-su 
 
 I. R, b. of(?) Sin-rimeni: 44: i 
 N abium-seme{?) : *^^7ta-bi-imi-s[e-\e- 
 
 me (not quite certain) 
 
 I. 94:35 
 
 Na'imu: Na-i-mii 
 1 . 42 : 29 
 
 N anna-manse: . Kl-ma- 
 
 a[77-se] 
 
 I . awelu: 129: 18 
 
 Na^ina-salasir: . Kl-sd-ld- 
 
 sir 
 
 I . S: 9:2 
 
 Nard^n-ilisu: N a-r[a-am]-i-li-su 
 1. b. of Sa{?)-Nand: 24 : 6 
 Nard^n-Sm: Na-ra-am-^'‘EN .ZU 
 I. S: 6:3 
 
 °Nard77il»dni: Na-ra-am-ta-ni 
 
 I. S: d. of Ibkatum, cousin(?) 
 of Aliiatum: 53:3 
 Na[. . .]: Na-[. . .] 
 
 1 . 81:9, 12 
 Ninnua: N i-in-nu-u-a 
 1 . 22:16 
 
 °Nisi-hiih(: Mi-U-i-ni -h'(, *[A’/-5/- 
 i]-ni-su(?) 
 
 1 . R: *14 : I (?) 
 
 2. S: 39:4 
 
 3. R: 40 : I 141:1 
 
40 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM 
 
 BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 Nur-Adad: Nu-ur-^I[M] 
 
 I. S: 79 :3 
 
 Nuratum: Nu-ra-tum 
 
 1 . 53-9 
 
 Nur-Ilahrat: Nu-ur-^^^N I N .S U B U R 
 1 . 17:18 
 
 Nur-Kahta: N ti-ur-K a-ah-ta 
 I. R: 57:1 
 
 Nurum-liA: Nu-rum-li-A 
 j. 129: 5, 14 
 
 Rts-Suhula: Ri-is-^''[S\u-bu-la 
 I . S: 52 : 2 
 ^Sahitum: Za-bi-tum 
 I . R: 97:1 
 
 Sag-Enlilla: En-lil-ld 
 
 I. 17:5 
 
 Sagila-manse: Sag-ila-ma-an-se 
 I . R: 32 : I 
 
 Sin-asarid: ^^^'EN .ZU-a-sd~ri-id 
 
 1. 31:7 
 
 2. S: 53:3 I 54:3 
 Sinatum: Si-na-fum 
 
 I. R: 53 : I 
 
 Sin-bM-aplim: *^^EN .ZU-be~el-ap- 
 lim 
 
 I. f. of lli-idinnam: Ii8:[i4], 
 16, 21 
 
 Sin-bel-dumkija: ^^^EN .ZU-be-el- 
 
 du-um-ki-ia 
 1 . 66:28 
 
 Sin-bel-[. . .]: ^^^EN .ZU-be-e[l- . . .] 
 
 1 . 69:6 
 
 2. 81:6 
 
 Sin-idinnam: ^^^EN .ZU-i-din-nam 
 
 1. 3:8 
 
 2. S: 95:3 I 96 : 3 
 
 3. s. of Lu-Asari{?): 97:3, 13 
 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Sin-iktsam: ^^^EN .ZU-i-ki-sd-am 
 1. awelu, tupsarru: 112:5 
 
 Sin-imguranni: ^^^^EN .ZU-im-gur- 
 
 an-ni 
 
 1 . 69:3 
 
 2. awUu: 107: 13, 18, 32(?) 
 
 Sin-isme anni .ZU-is-me-a-ni 
 
 * X X X-is-me-a-ni 
 1 R: 13 : 1 
 2, rakbu: 88 : 7 
 3. 94:8 
 
 4. tupsarru{?): 98:17 
 
 5 . *108:40 
 
 6. deku{?): 118: 18, 28 
 Sin-magir: ^^^EN .ZU-ma-gir 
 
 1. S: 51:3 
 
 Sin-mem, read Sin-rimeni 
 Sin-nddin-ahhi: ^^^EN .ZU-na-d[i- 
 i]n-ah-hi 
 I . S : 90:3 
 
 Sin-nddin-sumi: ^^^EN .ZU-na-di- 
 
 in-su-mi 
 
 I . S : 9 1 : 3 I 92 : 3 
 Sin-putram: ^^^EN . Z U-pu-ut-ra-am 
 I- 8: 7:3 
 
 Sin-rimeni: ^^^EN . Z U-ri-me-ni, 
 *^^^EN .ZU-me-ni (errone- 
 ous) 
 
 1. 19:5(?) 
 
 2. S: 43:3 I 45:3 I 46 8:3 
 
 3. S, b. of(?) N abium-ntsu: 44:3 
 
 4. R: 54:1 
 
 5. *75 : 9 
 
 6. b. of Ibni-Adad: 90: 13, 22, 
 
 23, 26, 34 
 
 Sin-semi: ^^^EN .ZU-se-mi 
 
 1 . 69:22 
 
 Sin-tappi-wMim{?) : ^^^EN .ZU-tap- 
 p[t-we-di-im] (uncertain) 
 
 1. S: 16 : 3(?) 
 
 Sin-uballissu{?) : ^^^EN .ZU-u-ba-a - 
 li-is {-{u omitted) 
 
 1 . 94:19 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 4I 
 
 Sin-[. . .]-age: .ZU-[. . .]-a-gi-e 
 
 I. 131 ;3 
 
 Sin-[. . ^^^EN.ZU-l. . .] 
 
 I. S: 17:3 
 
 Silliia: Si-il-li-ia 
 
 I . mar at S: 125 : 1 8, 25 
 
 °Salurtum: Sd-lu-ur-[tum] 
 
 I. R: 15 : 15 
 
 V 
 
 Salurum: Sd-lu-ru-um 
 I. S: 27:3 
 
 Samas-asaridi?): '‘‘‘UD-a-[sd-r]i-[id] 
 (uncertain) 
 
 I. S: 73 :3(?) 
 
 Samas-haldti: \^^U]D-T[I . L]A-ti 
 I. R: b. of(?) Samas-ktnam- 
 
 idi: 1 1 : I 
 
 Samas-bdni: ^^^UD-ba-n[i] {ni 
 
 doubtful) 
 
 I . R : 80 ; I 
 
 Samas-enlil-ili : ^^^UDd^^E[n-lil-i-li\ 
 (uncertain) 
 
 I . Subaru: 35:19 
 
 Samas-epiri: D-e-pi-ri 
 
 I. 51:8 
 
 Samas-garri: UD-ga-ar-ri 
 
 I . S, b. of Baba: 5 : 3 
 
 Samas-ktnam-idi : ^ U D-k i-nam-i-d i 
 I. S, b. of(?) Samas-ba dti: 
 11:3 
 
 Samas-manni: ^ UD-ma-an-nt 
 (scarcely ^^^UD-ma-AN-ni 
 = Samasma-iluni) 
 
 Samas-nasir: ‘‘“UD-na-sir 
 I. S: 31:3 
 
 Samas-nisu: ^^^UD-ni-su 
 I. S: 4:3 
 
 Samsatum, read Utatum 
 
 Samsiia: Sd-am-si-ia 
 I. R: 55 : I 
 
 °Sa-Nand(?): [SWy'^Na-na-a 
 I. si. of Nardm-ilisu: 24:6 
 
 Sarrum-imn[i . . LUCA L-im-n[i- 
 
 {?)■■■] 
 
 1 . 10:15 
 
 v V' v . . 
 
 Sa-Samas-damka: Sd-^^U D-dam-ga 
 
 I. S:_ 34 : 3 _ 
 
 Sep-Ea: Se-ip-E-a 
 
 I . nuhatimmu: 15:6 
 
 V' ^ . V' 
 
 Subula-ndnr: ^ Su-bu-la-na-si-ir 
 1 . 129, 10, 20 : 2 1 
 
 V" ^ V 
 
 Sumum-libsi: Su-mu-um-li-ib-si 
 
 1 . S : 108:3 
 
 2. s. of Ibik-ilisu, b. of Labis- 
 
 tum{?): 117: 13 
 
 V v 
 
 Sumum-liA: Su-mu-um-li-si 
 I . S : 68:3 
 
 V’ v 
 
 Sunuma-ili: Su-nu-ma-AN 
 I . S : 66 : 3 I 67 : 3 
 r adin-Niinu: T a-di-in-N u-nu 
 I . R: 39 : 2 
 
 Taribatum: Ta-ri-ba-tum 
 I. S: 3:3, 13(?) 
 
 Tarth-Sini?): T Ehl . Z]U 
 
 (uncertain) 
 
 I . S: 111:3 
 
 Taribum: *Ta-ri-bu-um, Ta-ri-bu 
 
 1 . S : *2:3 
 
 2. 88:1 
 
 3. tupsarru{?): 91 : 36(?), 40 
 
 4. mar T.: 91 : 38 
 
 T utu-ndsir: T ii-tu-na-si-ir 
 
 1 . 113:10, 16, 26 
 Ubdr-Lulu: U-bar-Ln-lu 
 I. 7 :8, 21 
 
 Ubdr-Nunu: L-bar-Nii-mi 
 1 . 68:24 
 
 Ubdr-Samas: U-bar-^^L D 
 
 1-45:4 
 
 U gni-Antiim{?) : L g{?)-ni-An-iiim 
 I. 37:9 
 
 Ur-Sidpae: UrA^^^^^SUL . PA . L D . 
 DU 
 
 I. S: 15:3. 17 
 
42 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 U r-Su^ianna : U r-^^^^^’'Su-ii-an-na 
 I. S: 13:3 
 
 U 5 [...]: Us-[...] 
 
 1 . 10:16 
 
 ^ V 
 
 Utatum: U-ta-tum (scarcely Sam- 
 sd~tum) 
 
 I . S : 104:3 
 
 IVarad-essesim: ARAD-AB . AB 
 I. 125:37 
 
 Warad-Marduk: ARAD^^^AMAR. 
 UD 
 
 1 . 63:6, 7 
 
 IVarad-Stn: ARAD-^^^EN .ZU 
 
 1. s. of Anna-ili: 46 A : 2 
 
 (i.e. seal) 
 
 2. R: b. of(?) Imdi-lstar: 49: 
 
 I, 12 
 
 lVarad-[. . .]: ARADk^^[. . .] 
 
 I. 125 :39 
 
 [. . .]- amhut-sul{?) : [. . .]-am-hu- 
 
 ut-su-ul (every sign doubt- 
 ful) 
 
 1 . S: 10:2 
 
 [ . . . ]-beli: [ . . . ]-be-lt 
 I . S: 8:4 
 
 [. . .]-Enlil: [. . .]-^^En-lil 
 I . R: 8 : 2 
 
 [ . . . ]-his: [ . . . ]-e-ri-is 
 I . kudimmu: 44 : 8 
 [. . [. . (doubtful) 
 
 I . tups arm: 104 : 14 
 [. . .]mia: [. . .]-mi-a 
 I. S: 17:3 
 
 [ . . . ]-muballit: [ . . . ]-m[u-b]a-l[i-i\t 
 (doubtful) 
 
 I . S : 76:3 
 
 [. . .]-ndnr: [. . .-n]a-s[i-ir] 
 
 1 . S: 24:3 
 
 [. . .ySin: [. . .y^^EN.ZU 
 I . S: 65:3 
 [. . .ytalimi: [. . 
 
 1. 130:32 
 
 [. . .]-tum: [. . .]-tum 
 
 1. S: 14:3 
 
 2. R: 1 7 : I (?) 
 
 [. . . .]um: [. . . .]-um 
 
 I . R: 65 : i 
 
 Names of Cities, Gates, Nations, Rivers, Temples, etc. 
 
 Al-Apil-iaki: ERI-A-pil-^a-ki 
 113:13 
 
 Al-Guenna: ERl-Gu-en-na 
 16 : 7 
 
 Amnanum: v. Sippar 
 Bdb-ilt: KA-DINGIR.RA^'^ 
 
 16:6, 12 I 44 : 6(?) I 52 : 8 I 61 : 
 10 I 76:11 I 77:29 I 81 : 
 14 I 89:9, 12, 39 I 95 • 53 I 
 1 00 : 29 I 1 08 : 1 9 I 110:10 
 I 111 : 26 I 114:19! 119:28 
 I 125 : 9, 22, 34 I 126 : 9 I 
 131 :8 I [133 A: 18, 31 ; B 18] 
 Basu: Ba-^i 
 130:30 
 
 Dimtu: AN.ZA.KAR^^ 
 
 7-5 
 
 Duru: BAD^^^ 
 
 4:7 ^ 
 
 Ebarra: E.UD.RA 
 97:15 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Elammu: IM 
 
 86 : 1 1 
 
 Esagila: E .SAG . 1 LA 
 
 89 : 35; V. PN Sagila-manse, 
 Ina-Esagila-ier 
 
 Gdgum: ^’^ga-gi-a, *^^^gd-ge-a, ]gd- 
 ge-a, *^gd-gi-a 
 
 72 : 3, 5, 20, 24, 28, 30 I *83 : 
 20 I 185 : 2 I **125:26 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 43 
 
 Hiritum: Hi-ri-t[um. . .] 
 
 59:9 
 
 In-kibti-Samas-Hammurapi-mdhiri- 
 ai-irsi: In-ki-bi-it-^^UD- 
 
 Ha - am-mu-ra-pi-ma-hi - ri- 
 a-ir-si (wall of Sippar) 
 
 133 : 52 fT. 
 
 Isin: Ni-si-in'“ 
 
 22 : io(?) I 32 ; 6 
 lahrurum, v. Sippar 
 
 Puraitu: v. PN Mdr-Puraiiim 
 Sagila: v. Esagila 
 
 Sippar: UD . KI B . N UN . KI ; v. 
 
 PN Liser-Sippar 
 
 32:9 
 
 1 37 
 
 : 12 1 
 
 49: 
 
 1 1 1 
 
 6 1 
 
 75 : I 
 
 2 79 : 10 1 83 
 
 00 
 
 -1 \ 
 
 102 
 
 : 5 > 
 
 13 1 1 
 
 16 
 
 108 : 
 
 10 I 
 
 113: 
 
 : 17 1 1 
 
 14 1 
 
 125 
 
 : 13. 
 
 22 1 
 
 [133 
 
 17, 23, 41, 58, 68; B : 17, 
 
 Kdr-Samas: KAR-^^^UD 
 72 : 1 1 
 
 TyT vv A A 1 jy / V V * * 
 
 Kassu: sab Ka-as-si-i 
 94:10 
 
 Kibalmasi?): Ki-bal-md[s . . .] 
 83:3 
 
 Kit: KIS.KI 
 127: 13 
 
 Kutu: TIG.GAB.A'‘‘ 
 
 112:6 
 
 Lubdi: Lu-ub-di 
 
 29:7 
 
 Nippur: EN .LIL.KI 
 
 7:16, 19 I 14 : 4 I 27 : 29 
 
 Nukili?): Nu-kiP^ 
 
 101:11; cf. 77, 15 
 
 4 '] 
 
 2. Sippar- Amnanum (U D . 
 
 K I B . N U N . K I -Am-na- 
 nu-u[m]): Sg : 4 
 
 3. Sippar- A nuniium {L D . 
 
 KIB.NUN. KI-AN-nu-ni- 
 ium): 100 : 15 
 
 4. Sippar-I ahrurum {UD. 
 
 KIB.NUN .Kl-Ia-ah-ru- 
 rum): 90:15 
 
 V ^ V ^ . 
 
 vS iiullum : S i-tu-iil-liim 
 
 34:32 
 
 Zabalum saplii: Za-ba-lu[m]{?) 
 K 1 {?).TA 
 72 : 10 
 
 Names of Gods 
 
 Adad: (cf. Iskur) 
 
 1 . 61 : 4 I 1 19 : 30 
 
 2. PN : A dad-id innam, -lu-ptr; 
 
 Bur-, Ibni-, Isme-, Nur- 
 Adad 
 
 °Aia: ^^^A-a 
 
 1. 90:18,27 [i33A:33, 73; 8:33] 
 
 2. PN : °Aia-ldmassi, °Aia- 
 
 ummi 
 
 Amurrum: ^^^^MAR.TU 
 
 1 . 46 A : 4 (i.e. seal) 
 
 2. PN : Idin-Amurrum 
 
 Ansar{?): AN .SAR{?) 
 
 I. PN : . 4 mar-baldii{?) 
 °Anium: An-tum 
 
 1. PN : U gni-. 4 utu}u{?) 
 
 Anum: AN 
 
 1. PN : A}iu}u{?)-hdbil 
 °Anunitiim: AN-nu-ui-tuni. 
 
 nu-ni-tiim , i. 4 nu-ni-'um 
 (erroneousl\'?) 
 
 1. 71:1 I 101:18 *107:16 
 
 117: 17, 22, t26 
 
 2. PN : Ibku-Aniinitiim 
 
44 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 A sari: . LU .SAR 
 
 I. PN: Lu-Asari 
 As{s)ur: ^^^A.USAR 
 
 1 . 49 : 3 
 
 2. PN: Assur-asu 
 BUti-ili: ''^^Be-el-ti-i-U 
 
 1 . 15:18 
 
 Bunene: Bu-ne-ne 
 
 I. PN: Bunene-gdmil 
 Damn: Da-mu 
 
 1. 23:4 
 
 2. PN : lhku-Damu{?) 
 
 Ea: E-a, *^^^E-a (cf. Enki) 
 
 I. PN: Ea-muhallit, *Idin-Ea, 
 Sep-Ea 
 
 Enki: 
 
 1 . 27 : 5, 22 
 Enlil: ^^^En-hl 
 
 1. 2 :4 I 6 :4 I 7 :4 I [8 : 5] | 12 : 
 
 4116:4! 18:4! 26:3 I 
 27:5 
 
 2. PN : Enlil-turam, Enlil-[. . .], 
 
 Ibi-Enlil, Lu-Enlilla, Sag- 
 Enlilla, [. . .]-Enlil 
 °Gula: ^^^Gu-la 
 
 1. 23 :4 
 
 2. PN : [Ardi-Gula], Gimil-Gula 
 llahrat: ^^^NIN.SUBUR 
 
 1 . 47 A : 4 (i.e. seal) 
 
 2. PN : Ibi-, Idin-, Nabi-, Nur- 
 
 Ilabrat 
 
 °lnnanna: INN ANN A 
 
 1. 17:34 
 
 2. PN : Ku-Innanna 
 Irra: ^^""Ir-ra 
 
 I . PN : Idin- Irra 
 Iskur: (cf. Adad) 
 
 I . PN : Iskur-manse 
 °Istar: Isiar 
 
 1 . 62 : 20 
 
 2. PN : °Istar-ekalli, °Istar- 
 
 [...]; Apil-, Awel-, °Dum- 
 ki-, Imdi-Istar 
 
 Kabta: Ka-ab-ta 
 
 I . PN : Nur-Kabta 
 Lugal-dua^agga: Lugal-duiTj-aiag-ga 
 I. 4:4 
 Lulu: Lu-lu 
 
 I . PN : Ubar-Lulu 
 Marduk: ^^^^AMAR.UD 
 
 I :4 
 
 1 32 :4 
 
 1 33 : 4 1 34:4 
 
 1 35 
 
 :4 1 36 
 
 :3 1 
 
 40:4 1 
 
 41 : 
 
 4 1 
 
 42 : 6 1 . 
 
 49 : 
 
 3 1 [50: 
 
 4] ! 
 
 54: 
 
 4 1 56 : : 
 
 > 1 57:4 1 6 
 
 " -3 
 
 66 
 
 ■.4, 10 
 
 1 67 
 
 ^ : 4. 9 1 
 
 68 : 
 
 4 
 
 1 69 : I , 
 
 4 1 
 
 70:4 1 
 
 73 : 
 
 4 (?) 
 
 1 75 : 1 
 
 . 4. 
 
 7 1 76 
 
 : 4], 
 
 9 1 77 :[i. 4I 
 
 , 10 
 
 1 78:20 
 
 (?) 1 
 
 19 - 
 
 4 1 81 : 
 
 4 1 
 
 84 : I 1 
 
 85: 
 
 6 1 
 
 87 : 12 1 
 
 89 
 
 :35 1 90:4, 
 
 10 1 
 
 91 : I, . 
 
 P 9 
 
 1 92 : 1 
 
 > 4 1 
 
 93 : 
 
 1. 4 [9] 
 
 1 94 : 4. 
 
 ' 6 1 
 
 95 : 
 
 4, 10 1 
 
 96 : 
 
 4, 10 1 
 
 98 : 
 
 4 > 9 
 
 1 99 • 4 > 
 
 , 10 
 
 1 100 : 
 
 4 > 9 
 
 10 
 
 I : 4, 9 ! 
 
 107: [1,4]. 
 
 10 1 
 
 108 
 
 : I, 4, 9 
 
 1 
 
 39:4 1 
 
 1 10: 
 
 [4] 1 
 
 III : I ; 
 
 . 4 
 
 1 ['<3: 
 
 9] 1 
 
 114 
 
 : 5 (?) 1 
 
 1 19 
 
 : 29 1 122 : 1 1 
 
 [133 
 
 A :35; 
 
 B : 
 
 35] 
 
 
 2. PN : Marduk-ldmas sasu, 
 -muballit, -musallim, -mu- 
 [. . .], -ndsir, -msu; Ana- 
 Mar duk-takldku, Akdl-ana- 
 Marduk; Gimil-, Ibni-, 
 IV arad-M arduk 
 Nabium: ^^^Na-bi-um 
 
 I . PN : N abium-gdmil, -ibni, 
 -mdlik,-msu,-seme{?) ; Etel- 
 pi-, Ibku-Nabium 
 °Nand: ^^^Na-na-a 
 I. °Sa{?)-Nand 
 Nanna{r): . KI 
 
 I . PN : N anna-manse , -salasir 
 Nergal: ^^^N E .UNU .GAL 
 1. 3 :4 I 1 1 : 5 1 65 ;4 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 45 
 
 °Ningunanna : in-gun-an-na 
 
 I. PN : Lu-N ingunanna{?) 
 NIN.IB 
 
 [*^^^BAR] 
 
 1. 2:417:4 I [8:5] I 12:4 1 16: 
 4 I 18 : [4] I 24 : 4 I 26 : 3 I 
 27 : 5, 22 I [*i 32 : 1 1] 
 
 °N inkarrand: ^^^Nin-kar-ra-AG- 
 { = nd) 
 
 1 . 98:13 
 
 I. 17:34 
 
 Nin-PlS.BAR.BAR 
 I. [132 : 10] . 
 
 Nunu: Nu-nu 
 
 I. PN: Tadin-Nunu, Uhar- 
 Nunu 
 Silulu{?): 
 
 1 . 28:4 (i.e. seal) 
 
 Sin: ^^^EN.ZU, *XXX 
 
 1 . 53:4! 120 ; 10, 12 
 
 2. PN : Sin-asarid, -hel-apUm, 
 
 -bH dumkiia, -hU-[. . .], 
 -idinnam, -iktsam, -imgur- 
 anni, -ismeannP, -magir, 
 -nddin-ahhi, -nddin-sumi, 
 -putram, -rtmeni, -semi, 
 -tappi-we-dim{?) , -uhallissu 
 {?), -[. . .] age; Ana-Sin- 
 takldku; Awel-, Ihni*-, 
 Idin-, lgmil{?)-, Imgur-, 
 Nardm-, Tar'ihi?)-, IVarad- 
 Sin, [. . .]-Sin 
 Sahan: ^^^Sd-ha-an 
 I . PN : Ihi-Sahan 
 Samas: 
 
 1. 3 :4 I 4:4 1 5 : 4 I 15 : 23 I 
 19:4 I 21 :4 I 24:4(?) 1 31 : 
 4 I 32:4 1 33:4 I 34-4 I 
 
 35:4 1 
 
 36 
 
 : 3 1 40 : 4 1 4 1 : 4 
 
 1 42 : 6 
 
 1 49 : 3 1 50 
 
 :4 i 51 : 
 
 4 1 [52 
 
 : 3 ] 
 
 1 53:4 ! 
 
 54:4 1 
 
 56: 5 1 
 
 57 
 
 : 4 1 61 : 
 
 3 1 66 : 
 
 4 : 10 1 
 
 67 
 
 '■A 9 1 
 
 68:4 1 
 
 69:4 1 
 
 70 
 
 : 4 1 72 : 
 
 18 1 73: 
 
 4, 5 1 75 : 4. 7 1 76 
 
 : [4I. 9 1 
 
 [77 : 4. 
 
 10] 
 
 1 78:20 
 
 1 79:4 
 
 81:4 
 
 1 8= 
 
 1 : 1 , 6, 9, 
 
 10, 16 
 
 90:4, 
 
 10, 
 
 18, i-j 1 
 
 91 : 4 , 9 
 
 1 92:4 
 
 I93 
 
 : 4, 9 1 94 : 4, 6 1 
 
 95:4, 1 
 
 [0 1 
 
 96:4, 10 
 
 1 98 : 4, 
 
 9 1 99 
 
 ■ 4 > 
 
 1 0 1 100 
 
 ': 4 . 9 ! 
 
 lOI ‘.4, 
 
 9 
 
 1 107 .-[4]. 10 1 
 
 A 
 
 00 
 
 0 
 
 9 1 
 
 109:4 ; 
 
 110:4 
 
 1 111:4 
 
 [n 3 - 9 ] : 
 
 114: 5 
 
 1 119:2 
 
 :5 1 
 
 120 : 8 1 
 
 23:15! 
 
 [133 A:i, 32, 38, 49, 52, 57, 
 61, 72: B : 38] 
 
 2. PN : Samas-asarid{?), -ba- 
 Idti, -bdni, -enlil-ili{?), 
 -epiri, -garri,. -ktnam-idi, 
 -rnanni , -ndsir, -nisu; 
 Aw at-, Ibni-, Ina-pi-, 
 Kdr-Samas (city), Sa- 
 Samas-damka, Ubar-Samas 
 °Sarratum: ^^"^sd-ra-ium, *'^'^sd-ra- 
 tim (gen.) 
 
 1 . *82 : 1 4 
 
 2. PN : BA.SA-Sarratiim 
 Siibula: ^^^^Sii-bu-la 
 
 1 . PN : Snbida-ndGir, Ris-Sn- 
 bida 
 
 Sidpae: ^^"'^^''SuI-pa-UD . DU 
 
 I . PN : Ur-Sidpae 
 Siqianna: ^*”^‘’'Su-^i-au-na 
 
 1 . PN : Ur-Suiianna 
 Tidii: '^""Tu-iu 
 
 I. PN : Tutu-ndAr 
 
46 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 LIST OF TABLETS 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 (found at) Nippur; C. ^.5 = Catalogue of the Babylonian Sec- 
 tion; K¥ = i\rsi Khabaza Collection; = second Khabaza Collection; 
 
 J.D.P = 
 
 J- D 
 
 . Prince Collection; 
 
 J-s 
 
 = Joseph Shemtob Collection; 
 
 H = 
 
 time of 
 
 Hammurapi; 5 z = timie 
 
 of Sam.suiluna; Ae = 
 
 -- time 
 
 of 
 
 Abi-esuh; 
 
 Ad = X.\m^ of 
 
 Ammdditana; As = 
 
 time of Ammisaduga; 
 
 Ab = time of Asur- 
 
 banipal ; 
 
 * = 
 
 dated; j = photographed. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Text 
 
 Plate 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Time 
 
 Collection 
 
 C. B.S. 
 
 ti 
 
 I 
 
 Gimil-ili 
 
 
 Ibi-ilum 
 
 j before \ 
 H { 
 
 N 
 
 4711 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 Ili-enham 
 
 
 T arthum 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4706 
 
 3 
 
 II 
 
 Enlil-turam 
 
 
 Taribatum 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4709 
 
 4 
 
 III 
 
 Ili-atpalam 
 
 
 Samas-nisii 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4710 
 
 5 
 
 IV 
 
 Lugd 
 
 
 Samas-garri 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4726 
 
 6 
 
 IV 
 
 ( ( 
 
 
 N ardm-Sin 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4717 
 
 7 
 
 V 
 
 ( i 
 
 
 Sin-putram 
 
 H 
 
 
 N 
 
 4716 
 
 8 
 
 VI 
 
 ( { 
 
 
 [ . . . . ]-Enlil u [ 
 
 ] h 
 
 
 N 
 
 4714 
 
 9 
 
 VI 
 
 Aguia 
 
 
 N anna- s ala sir 
 
 St 
 
 
 N 
 
 4703 
 
 10 
 
 VII 
 
 [ ] 
 
 
 [. .]^mhut-sul{?) 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4708 
 
 1 1 
 
 VIII 
 
 Samas-haldti{?) 
 
 
 Samas-ktnam-idi 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4704 
 
 12 
 
 IX 
 
 ana ahiia 
 
 
 A hu-wakar 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 3375 
 
 13 
 
 IX 
 
 Sin-ilme anni 
 
 
 Ur-Suiianna 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4725 
 
 14 
 
 X 
 
 YNisi-ilnisui?) 
 
 
 [. . . 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4707 
 
 15 
 
 XI 
 
 Lu-Enlil[la\ 
 
 
 Ur-Sulpae 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 3780 
 
 i6 
 
 XII 
 
 [ ] 
 
 
 Sin-taplpi-wMim] {?) 
 
 St 
 
 
 N 
 
 4712 
 
 17 
 
 XIII 
 
 [ . . . . ]tum 
 
 
 [ . . u Sin -[. . . . 
 
 ] Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4713 
 
 i8 
 
 XIV 
 
 [ ] 
 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 3977 
 
 19 
 
 XIV 
 
 Asigulul 
 
 
 Ilusu-bdni 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4723 
 
 20 
 
 XV 
 
 [ ]ul ] 
 
 
 Awdt-Samas{?) 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4705 
 
 21 
 
 XV 
 
 Ili-darimum{?) 
 
 
 [Ea]-muballit 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4722 
 
 22 
 
 XVI 
 
 [ ) 
 
 
 i ] 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4715 
 
 23 
 
 XVI 
 
 Mallilum 
 
 
 Samas-manni 
 
 Si 
 
 
 N 
 
 4721 
 
25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 43 
 
 44 
 
 45 
 
 -46 
 
 ^47 
 
 48 
 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 ^51 
 
 52 
 
 53 
 
 54 
 
 55 
 
 56 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 59 
 
 6o 
 
 61 
 
 ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURABI PERIOD 
 
 ^7 
 
 Plate 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Time Collection 
 
 C . B.S. 
 
 XVII 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [. . .]-ndsi[r] 
 
 Si 
 
 N 
 
 4720 
 
 XVII 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ 1 
 
 Si 
 
 N 
 
 4719 
 
 XVIII 
 
 E[nUl-. . . .](?) 
 
 Lii-[N ingnnan]na{?) 
 
 Si 
 
 N 
 
 4724 
 
 XIX 
 
 ana ahiia 
 
 Salunim 
 
 Si 
 
 N 
 
 12527 
 
 XX 
 
 ana awUim 
 
 
 Ae 
 
 N 
 
 4727 
 
 XX 
 
 [ana heliia]{?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 ? 
 
 N 
 
 \ 
 
 4718 
 
 XXI 
 
 [ana heliia]{?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 j beiore 
 
 1 H 
 
 > KR 
 
 718 
 
 XXI 
 
 Apil-ilisii 
 
 V 
 
 Samas-ndAr 
 
 H 
 
 Klf- 
 
 1387 
 
 XXII 
 
 Sagila-manse 
 
 Marditk-ndAr 
 
 H 
 
 KE- 
 
 1334 
 
 XXIII 
 
 Gimillum 
 
 A kdl-ana-M arduk 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 1 366 
 
 XXIV 
 
 Bunene-gdmil 
 
 V V 
 
 Sa-Samas-damka 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 463 
 
 XXIV 
 
 BHsunu 
 
 N abium-gdinil 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 662 
 
 XXV 
 
 Kukma 
 
 Istar-ekalli 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 I 193 
 
 XXVI 
 
 Al{i)-taltmi{?) 
 
 Liser-Sippar{?) 
 
 
 J.S 
 
 87 
 
 XXVI 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Istar -[ . . . .] 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 1492 
 
 XXVII 
 
 Beldnum 
 
 T adin-N unit 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 720 
 
 XXVIII 
 
 Nin-inisu 
 
 Askiidiim 
 
 H 
 
 J.D.P 
 
 1795 
 
 XXIX 
 
 i i 
 
 Hiildlnm 
 
 H 
 
 J.D.P 
 
 1809 
 
 XXX 
 
 Ahu-wakar, Eriham u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Hiildlum 
 
 Habiiriim 
 
 H 
 
 KE 
 
 1390 
 
 XXXI 
 
 Ibkatum 
 
 Sin-rimeni 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1280 
 
 XXXI 
 
 N abium-nisu 
 
 ( ( 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 542 
 
 XXXII 
 
 Ihisu-abusu 
 
 ( ( 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1377 
 
 XXXIII 
 
 Lustamar 
 
 ( i 
 
 Si 
 
 J.D.P 
 
 1805 
 
 XXXIV 
 
 ( ( 
 
 Ilusu-bdni 
 
 Si 
 
 J.D.P 
 
 1808 
 
 XXXV 
 
 Hulatum 
 
 Lustamar 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 417 
 
 XXXV 
 
 IVarad-Sin 
 
 Assiir-asu 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 I 326 
 
 XXXV 
 
 Kal....] 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 4427 
 
 XXXVI 
 
 Kakd u Mirsim 
 
 Sin-magir 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 396 
 
 XXXVI 
 
 Adi-ili 
 
 Ris-Siibida 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1555 
 
 XXXVII 
 
 Sinatum 
 
 Sin-asarid 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 423 
 
 XXXVIII 
 
 Sin-rimeni 
 
 i ( 
 
 Si 
 
 f.s 
 
 169 
 
 XXXIX 
 
 V 
 
 Samsiia 
 
 N ardmtdni 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 •371 
 
 XL 
 
 Anum-hdbil{?) 
 
 BaUii-kasid 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1 189 
 
 XL 
 
 Niir-Kabta 
 
 Ldmassi 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1 142 
 
 XLI 
 
 Apil-lstar 
 
 Iltdni 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 351 
 
 XLI 
 
 [ ] 
 
 \ 1 
 
 Si 
 
 KE 
 
 1 706 
 
 XLII 
 
 ana abim 
 
 BA is sunn 
 
 Si 
 
 J.D.P 
 
 1807 
 
 XLIII 
 
 BaA 
 
 Aplatiim 
 
 St 
 
 KE 
 
 1 144 
 
UNIVERSITY MUSEUM BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 48 
 
 Text 
 
 Plate 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 Time 
 
 Collection 
 
 C. B.S. 
 
 62 
 
 XLIV 
 
 [ana beliia\{?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Si 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1659 
 
 63 
 
 XLV 
 
 ana heliia 
 
 Bassi 
 
 Si 
 
 K¥ 
 
 425 
 
 64 
 
 XLV 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Si 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 4429 
 
 65 
 
 XLV 
 
 [ ]um 
 
 [ . . . ]-Sin 
 
 Si 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 4457 
 
 66 
 
 XLVI 
 
 ana awUim 
 
 Sunuma-ili 
 
 Ae 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1249 
 
 67 
 
 XLVIl 
 
 [ ] 
 
 1 1 
 
 Ae 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1319 
 
 68 
 
 XLVIII 
 
 ana awelim 
 
 Sumum-Usi 
 
 Ae 
 
 K¥ 
 
 1328 
 
 69 
 
 XLIX 
 
 a 
 
 Sin-imguranni 
 
 Ae 
 
 K¥ 
 
 477 
 
 70 
 
 L 
 
 ana sapiriia 
 
 Ai-abds-ili 
 
 Ae 
 
 J-S 
 
 172 
 
 71 
 
 L 
 
 ana ahiia 
 
 Ardu 
 
 Ae 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 4475 
 
 72 
 
 LI 
 
 [ana beliia\{?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Ae 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1614 
 
 73 
 
 LII 
 
 { ] 
 
 Samas-asarid 
 
 Ae 
 
 J.S 
 
 139 
 
 74 
 
 LII 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Ae 
 
 K¥ 
 
 1495 
 
 75 
 
 LII 
 
 ana awelim 
 
 Ibi-Sahan 
 
 *Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 361 
 
 76 
 
 LIII 
 
 n a 
 
 [. . .]-muballit{?) 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1379 
 
 77 
 
 LIV 
 
 [“ “ ](?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1573 
 
 78 
 
 LV 
 
 ana beliia 
 
 Awel-Istar 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh'^ 
 
 1247 
 
 79 
 
 LVI 
 
 ana abiia 
 
 Nur-Adad{?) 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1604 
 
 80 
 
 LVI 
 
 Samas-bdni{?) 
 
 Awel-Sin 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1463 
 
 81 
 
 LVI I 
 
 [ 1 
 
 Marduk-mu[. . .] 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1722 
 
 82 
 
 LVI I 
 
 [ana bUiia]{?) 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 K¥ 
 
 1436 
 
 83 
 
 LVI 1 1 
 
 [ana bUiia\{?) 
 
 — 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1227 
 
 84 
 
 LIX 
 
 [ana beliia\{?) 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1282 
 
 85 
 
 LIX 
 
 — 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1453 
 
 86 
 
 LX 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ 1 
 
 Ad 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1225 
 
 87 
 
 88 
 
 LX I 
 
 [ 1 
 
 [ 1 
 
 Ad 
 
 
 1690 
 
 409, 
 
 LX I 
 
 [ana beliia]{?) 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 K¥ 
 
 t 89 
 
 LXII 
 
 ana bUini 
 
 j lbni-[Sin] u daidnu 
 \Sippar-Amnanum J 
 
 j> *As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1710 
 
 t 90 
 
 LXIII 
 
 ana awelim 
 
 Sin-nddin-ahhi 
 
 *As 
 
 Kh‘^ 
 
 1246 
 
 91 
 
 LXIV 
 
 H ( ( 
 
 Sin-nddin-sumi 
 
 *As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1602 
 
 92 
 
 LXIV 
 
 ( < (( 
 
 1 1 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 422 
 
 93 
 
 LXV 
 
 < ( ( ( 
 
 Ibni-Samas 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 584 
 
 t 94 
 
 LXVI 
 
 it if 
 
 Etel-pi-N abium 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1332 
 
 95 
 
 LXVII 
 
 tt tt 
 
 S n-idinnam 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 380 
 
 96 
 
 LXVIII 
 
 tt if 
 
 1 1 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1725 
 
 97 
 
 LXVIII 
 
 Sab turn 
 
 1 1 
 
 As 
 
 K¥ 
 
 387 
 
 98 
 
 LXIX 
 
 ana awUim 
 
 Marduk-ldmassasu 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1347 
 
 99 
 
 LXX 
 
 tt tt 
 
 Iskur-manse 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1383 
 
 100 
 
 LXXI 
 
 tt tt 
 
 Ilusu-bdni 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1357 
 
ARTHUR UNGNAD — BABYLONIAN LETTERS OF THE HAMMURAPI PERIOD 
 
 49 
 
 Text 
 
 Plate 
 
 Addressed to 
 
 Sent by 
 
 lOI 
 
 LXXII 
 
 ana awelim 
 
 Iddatum 
 
 tl02 
 
 LXXIII 
 
 ana helini 
 
 Ibni-Sin u dajdnu 
 
 103 
 
 LXXIV 
 
 ana heliia 
 
 Ibku-Anuntium 
 
 104 
 
 LXXV 
 
 it (< 
 
 Utatum 
 
 105 
 
 LXXVI 
 
 ana abiia 
 
 Ldmassdni 
 
 106 
 
 LXXVII 
 
 [“ “ ] 
 
 1 “ ] 
 
 107 
 
 LXXVIII 
 
 ti 4 ( 
 
 [ ] 
 
 io8| 
 
 LXXIX 
 
 LXXX 
 
 {( (( 
 
 Sumum-libsi 
 
 109 
 
 LXXXI 
 
 i < ( ( 
 
 Ibni-Sin 
 
 1 10 
 
 LXXXII 
 
 ana ahdtiia 
 
 Elmesum 
 
 1 1 1 
 
 LXXXIII 
 
 [ana awelim\{?) 
 
 T ar\b-Sin{?) 
 
 1 12 
 
 LXXXIII 
 
 Ibni-Adad H Ibni-Marduk 
 
 Apil-ilisu 
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 21 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 33 
 
 LXXXIV 
 
 LXXXIV 
 
 LXXXV 
 
 LXXXV 
 
 LXXXVI 
 
 LXXXVI 
 
 LXXXVII 
 
 LXXXVIII 
 
 LXXXVIII 
 
 LXXXVIII 
 
 LXXXIX 
 
 LXXXIX 
 
 XC 
 
 XCI 
 
 XCI 
 
 XCII 
 
 XCII 
 
 XCIII 
 
 XCIV 
 
 XCIV 
 
 XCV, XCVI 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ n.... 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ana abiia]{?) 
 [ana heliia\{?) 
 
 [ana heliia\{?) 
 
 [ J 
 
 [ana hUtiia\{?) 
 
 [ ] 
 
 [ana heltiia\{?) 
 
 [ana hUiia]{?) 
 
 [ana heliia]{?) 
 
 Ardi-Gula 
 Building inscription of Ijammurapi 
 
 sarrum 
 
 Time Collection 
 
 C. B. S. 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1348 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1682 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1709 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 >433 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1358 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1364 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1578 
 
 As 
 
 
 1 264 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 4363 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1587 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1 146 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1342 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1675 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 ■447 
 
 As 
 
 Kh‘^ 
 
 1676 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1648 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1619 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1721 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 576 
 
 As 
 
 Kh-^ 
 
 1281 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1466 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1454 
 
 As 
 
 Kk^ 
 
 1458 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1226 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1713 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1683 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 513 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 427 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1430 « 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1540 
 
 As 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1637 
 
 Ab 
 
 Kh^ 
 
 1471 
 
 H 
 
 J.S 
 
 I I 
 
50 
 
 UNIVERSITY MUSEUM — BABYLONIAN SECTION 
 
 NUMBERS OF THE CATALOGUE 
 
 C. B. S. 
 
 Text 
 
 C. B. S. 
 
 Text 
 
 C. B. S. 
 
 I I 
 
 *33 
 
 I 146 
 
 I I I 
 
 *379 
 
 87 
 
 37 
 
 I 189 
 
 56 
 
 1383 
 
 09 
 
 73 
 
 **95 
 
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 67 
 
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AUTOGRAPH PLATES 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE I 
 
 1 
 
 CASE 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Reverse Uninscribed 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE II 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
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 ( 20 ) 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII PLATE IV 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE V 
 
 10 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNiV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 d 
 
 lO 
 

 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE VII 
 
 10 
 
 
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 15 
 
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BABYL, PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE VIII 
 
 11 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE IX 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
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 20 
 
 25 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE [X 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL, VII 
 
 PLATE X 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XI 
 
 16 
 
 0 . 
 
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 20 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XIII 
 
 17 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XIV 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XV 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII PLATE XVI 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII PLATE XVI 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XV 
 
 O 
 
 5 
 
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 26 
 
 
 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 V 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XXII 
 
 32 
 
 10 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 in 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 38 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL, VII 
 
 PLATE XXVIII 
 
 40 
 
 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 41 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XXXIII 
 
 46 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VN 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 48 
 
 10 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VI 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 54 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XXXIX 
 
 55 
 
 10 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VM 
 
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BABYL, PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE XL! 
 
 60 
 
 Lo. E. 
 
 20 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII PLATE XLV 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 67 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
 PLATE L 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 RIGHT EDGE 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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 46 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII 
 
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BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VII ' PLATE Clll 
 
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 INSCRIPTION OF HAMMURAPI 
 
BABYL. PUB. UNIV. MUSEUM VOL. VI 
 
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 INSCRIPTION OF HAMMURAPI