urlington Fine Arts Club EXHIBITION OF THE FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST LONDON PRINTED FOR THE BURLINGTON FINE ARTS CLUB 1907 From the Library oi fSrank Simpson THE FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 http://archive.org/details/exhibitionoffaieOOburl Burlington Fine Arts Club EXHIBITION OF THE FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST PRINTED FOR THE LONDON BURLINGTON 1907 FINE ARTS CLUB CHISWICK PRESS : CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. COMMITTEE FOR THIS EXHIBITION EDWARD DILLON, ESQ. F. DU CANE GODMAN, ESQ. LIEUT.-COL. CROFT LYONS. W. G. RAWLINSON, ESQ. CHARLES HERCULES READ, ESQ. CECIL H. SMITH, ESQ. HENRY WALLIS, ESQ. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS # Ralph Brocklebank, Esq. # Rev. Herbert A. Bull. # Sir T. D. Gibson Carmichael, Bart. Alexander Casella, Esq. # Prof. A. H. Church. # Alfred E. Darby, Esq. The Lady Davey. * Frank Dillon, Esq. The Earl of Dysart. # F. Du Cane Godman, Esq. c. s. gulbenkian, esq. * Sir Samuel Montagu, Bart. # Right Hon. Lord Justice Fletcher Moulton. * Henry Oppenheimer, Esq. Senor Don G. J. de Osma. Mrs. Dillwyn Parrish. * Henry J. Pfungst, Esq. # Sir William H. Preece, K.C.B. * W. G. Rawlinson, Esq. * Charles H. Read, Esq. Vincent Robinson, Esq. * George Salting, Esq. W. Harding Smith, Esq. Edward Stebbing, Esq. Mrs. Taylor, and the Trustees of the late J. E. Taylor, Esq. Victoria and Albert Museum. * Henry Wallis, Esq. Contributors whose names are marked thus * are members of the Club. INTRODUCTION T is twenty-two years since an exhibition of Persian and Arab art was held in the gallery of the Club. So long an interval is in itself an adequate justi- fication for allowing the members and their friends an opportunity of renewing the pleasure and interest that was aroused by the collection of 1885. Another reason is to be found in the fact that it is hardly possible for the amateurs in any other than our own country to bring together so superb a series of these Oriental wares as the gallery now contains. Those who remember the previous exhibition will observe that the Com- mittee has thought well to restrict the present one within some- what narrower limits, by which metalwork and some of the products of the decadent period are excluded ; while, on the other hand, the quantity is sufficient to tell the story of the artistic ceramic industry of the nearer East without confusing the mind or weary- ing the eye. In the introduction to the previous catalogue, the writer, Mr. Henry Wallis, deplored the fact that historical documents were almost entirely wanting, and that we could only depend on the objects themselves for their elucidation. No change has taken place in this respect in the last twenty years; but a great number of more or less casual explorations have furnished us with a greatly increased amount of material. In Persia, in Syria, and in Asia Minor, the natives have turned out quantities of fragmentary, or more or less perfect vases, some of them indubitably from the b FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST sites of factories, that have added somewhat to the data of the subject. One inherent and unsurmountable difficulty, however, makes these discoveries of far less value than they might be. This is the innate mendacity of the Oriental nomad who is mostly the purveyor of these relics. If a vase be really from excavations in Asia Minor he will surely declare that it comes from the neigh- bourhood of Teheran, perhaps in the belief that the buyer might, if he knew the truth, send an agent thither to buy direct, or that he imagines the one locality to command a higher price than the other. Whatever the reason, the story of the cosmopolitan oriental is untrustworthy, and thus, though ample new material is daily coming into the market, it provides but little sure ground for additions to the history of the wares. The same negative result, for other reasons, was arrived at by the more or less systematic excavations at Fostat. Large quantities of fragments of ancient wares were obtained from the great mounds there, native Egyptian, Chinese, Damascus, Spanish, and many others, but the absence of any stratification in the heaps made them useless for the deter- mination of date. The same objection applies to almost all oriental sites, unless the exploration be conducted with the greatest care. Yakoub, the geographer, who visited Rhages in 1220, shortly after its destruction, states that the walls were still intact, and that two- thirds of the houses were destroyed. It is unlikely that it was ever entirely without inhabitants, perhaps for centuries afterwards, and it is therefore unsafe to assume that pottery from its ruins is necessarily of an earlier date than its so-called destruction. Intel- ligent investigation and inquiry on the spot alone can supply the necessary indications of date, but this is impossible for England to obtain at the present moment. Some eight or nine years ago the French Government obtained from Persia the sole right of archaeological exploration in that country, and some of the results of that monopoly can be seen in the Louvre. But while, on the one hand, those results do not justify such a monopoly, on the other, there are sites enough in ancient Persia to furnish employ- INTRODUCTION xi ment for the whole energies of both France and England, and the more so that it is believed that in the French official world the feeling is not one of complete satisfaction with the work of the mission in Persia. In France, archaeological and artistic circles are probably the most intelligent in the world. Their vision is clearer and more sympathetic than that of any other people, while popular feeling towards ourselves has never been more friendly than it is at the present moment. It is to be hoped that at the proper time the necessary representations may be made to the French and Persian Government so as to admit English explorers on equal terms into Persia. If this be done there is some chance of obtaining the facts we need for a history of Persian art, not only in the limited sense of this exhibition, but in the broader aspect of its relation to the other civilizations of the ancient world. By such an archaeological entente Persia would be the richer, France none the poorer, and the whole world of art would gain. France, and, indeed, the whole civilized world, may profit- ably study the advantages of our system of " free trade " in archae- ology in Egypt. Not only have Englishmen there no special privileges in exploration, and all nationalities are bound alike by the same rules, but the directorship of the whole department of antiquities is invariably confided to a French subject. The wares included in the following catalogue have their origin in Persia, and in what is now the Turkish empire. With regard to the former, though we may have but little knowledge as to the particular part of the country where they were made, yet they are in their several classes and periods, homogeneous. The Turkish faience cannot be regarded in so definite a manner. Thirty or forty years ago it was all classed as Persian, but we now know that to be inaccurate, and during the past generation the broad distinction of Rhodian and Damascus has divided the bulk of it into two classes, in the main with well-defined characteristics. More recently a third division has been made, and classed as Kutahian ware, from the town of Kutahia in Anatolia, where it is xii FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST believed to have been made. All the Turkish wares, Damascus, Rhodian, and Kutahian, are, as a rule, of the sixteenth century, while the Persian begins in the early thirteenth century, and ends in the eighteenth. Another class of ware, perhaps the most interesting, is that placed together in Case A. Isolated examples have appeared from time to time in collections, and have attracted the attention of the more earnest students. Its relation to Persia in the method of manufacture, particularly in the rich luscious glaze, is very evident, but as a rule the decorative scheme is widely different from the contemporary productions of the Persian potter. A marked preference for a heavy black outline, for added details in slip (or liquid clay), enlivened by dashes of brilliant colour, fre- quently blue, characterizes one variety. Another recalls the well- known fragments of a dish from the walls of the church of Sta. Cecilia at Pisa, published by the late Mr. Fortnum. This beautiful ware has a decoration of scrolls, in what potters call a "still" black, in which the edges of the colour are as clear as if drawn upon paper, although the black design is afterwards coated with a deep turquoise glaze. These may perhaps be called the two principal varieties, though others are found in the Exhibition, for instance the large oviform vase decorated in a subdued golden yellow, lent by Mr. Godman (Case A, No. 14). Of the turquoise and black there are several specimens, notably the large albarello- like vase (Case A, No. 1), and the small oviform vase (Case A, No. 4). In both of these the peculiar " still " quality of the black is very apparent, and the latter example demonstrates also that the black is of a more enduring nature than the turquoise, inas- much as long burial in the earth has eaten away the latter on one side of the vase, leaving the black design on the raw clay. It is evident that the process continued in use at least up to the sixteenth or seventeenth century, for the two charming jugs and a large dish in Case L, Nos. 6, 7, 8, are decorated in the same manner, and the two colours have the same marked qualities. INTRODUCTION xiii Whether or no all of the pieces grouped together in Case A are from the same centre, there can be no question on two points. They differ essentially in their artistic qualities from the true Persian faience, and a certain number of such pieces, especially the turquoise and black kind, have been found on the site of a pottery said to be at Rakka, near Aleppo. 1 Such quantities of fragments, many of them " wasters " from the potworks, have come with the same story during the last few years, that there can be no reason- able doubt that they were made on the spot, nor that they have been buried in the earth for a very considerable time. In many cases the iridescent decay of the glaze has been so complete as to hide the design entirely. The town of Rakka was destroyed by Khulagu Khan in the year 1259. It is quite conceivable that the pottery now being found dates from before that time. Whether the first-named variety of this group, that with black outlined ornament and added details in slip, can so surely be set down as of Syrian origin is by no means so clear. An albarello of this kind in the British Museum is credibly stated to have been found in Cyprus, a point rather in favour of such a theory; but two pieces in the Exhibition, most assuredly of the same make, were quite cer- tainly from definite excavations in Persia. These are the fine albarello in Case B (No. 1) and the bowl in Case C (No. 16), both from the collection of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. Moreover, I do not know of any pieces of this type claiming to have come from excavations in Syria. The three fine albarelli in Case A, with deep blue ground and lustre decoration, belong to yet another type, which although allied to the true Persian, yet has its own distinctive qualities. These are of the same family as the two fine jars in the Victoria and Albert Museum, which were for long attributed to a Sicilian factory. While that seems unlikely, the truth is not yet quite apparent. Our knowledge of the art in both Syria and Persia in the thirteenth century is, however, so scanty that it is not likely 1 The Report of H.B.M. Consul at Aleppo for 1906 gives an acount of the visit of Mr. Macridis of the Stamboul Museum, who carried away a quantity of the specimens. xiv FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST that more precise indications will be found until the spade takes the place of the pen. All that we can do at present is to class such pieces together, until in the fullness of time we can give them a more precise attribution. It is scarcely necessary to speak about the fine series of true Persian early wares. The great majority of the pieces here shown have been already so well described and figured by Mr. Henry Wallis, whose skill in reproducing their delightful qualities is as great as his appreciation of them. In his two catalogues of Mr. Godman's wonderful collection he has exhausted the resources of the available Persian authorities, and has drawn upon the collections of all Europe and the Nearer East for his comparisons. The splendid vase in the centre of Case B is probably the most important document of its kind in existence; the bottle-like jug in Case C (No. 6), with the plaintive song of the thirteenth-century Persian lover, has the additional value of a date as well as its artistic charm. Perhaps the most striking quality displayed by the Persian wares, both in their earlier and later development, is a kind of coyness that withholds the full sight of their charms until the owner has merited greater knowledge by long acquaint- ance. The subtle qualities of some of the earlier lustre vases, dis- playing here and there a mere spark of ruby or golden light, shifting and evasive, form a remarkable contrast to the bold and obvious brilliancy of the products of Damascus and Rhodes. Gorgeous and grandly decorative as these are, there can be no ques- tion that the Persian potter moved on a higher plane, and breathed an infinitely rarer atmosphere. Such a judgement is not likely to meet with general acceptance, but it may be none the less true. A few words must be said about the small series of wall tiles of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. They display fully as well as the vases the marvellous decorative skill of the Persian artist. The Persians, fortunately in this respect, are not so orthodox as the Turks as to representing living beings. Thus we get some- thing more than the arabesques and floral scrolls that perforce INTRODUCTION xv content the more rigid sect of Muslims, and human beings, birds ) and animals freely enter into the decorative scheme. None the less the Persian is as capable of dealing with the conventional style as if he were absolutely orthodox. What can be more entirely satisfactory, for example, than the fine Veramin star tile on the wall beside Case A? The motive is of the simplest, the colour fully as simple, but nothing can surpass the facile dexterity of the arrangement of the scrolls that form the whole subject. The same may be said of the tile with the group of figures lent by Senor de Osma, which has the merit also of illustrating a Persian popular tale. Tiles, moreover, serve the useful purpose of furnishing us with a goodly number of dates. The small star tile lent by Mr. Wallis (Case A, No. 12) belongs to a set bearing the date a.d. 12 17, the earliest yet known, the Veramin tiles are dated about 1260, the huge panel from the centre of a mihrab over the fireplace was made in the year 1264, the dark blue frieze tile on one side of it is one of a set dated 13 10, and a similar one in the British Museum is five years earlier, while Mr. Harding Smith lends another star tile with the date 1308. Thus we have fixed dates for particular styles of decoration, or for special qualities of lustre, and by comparison can safely set down the undated examples within very narrow limits. The later Persian wares in the exhibition are of a very different aspect, and are in fact of a very different material from those just dealt with. Mr. W. Burton, chemist and potter, has described the more characteristic variety as "an artificial porcelain, apparently made of pipe clay and glass." Thus it is scarcely a faience, and when sufficiently thin is of the same translucency and appearance as a piece of milk-white glass. This is more especially the case with the so-called Gombroon ware, which is of a late date, probably as recent as the eighteenth century. A similar ware was, however, certainly made as early as the fourteenth century. Fragments have been found which were clearly much older than the usual lustred porcellanous wares, but xvi FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST until lately there was no sufficient ground for attributing these to any definite period. A few months ago, however, the British Museum was fortunate enough to secure a bowl of this translucent ware in which is painted the figure of an animal in a style that can only be set down as of the fourteenth century, or perhaps earlier. Here, perhaps, we have the survival of what Nassiri Khosrau saw at Cairo in the eleventh century, a ware " so fine and so diaphanous that one could see through the sides of a vase one's hand when placed on the outside." This bowl has been described and figured in the " Burlington Magazine " for the present month. The bulk of this ware in the present exhibition, however, is not only later, but has a very different style of decoration, though the "body" itself may be much the same. The use of lustre is often entirely unrestrained, and produces a richness of effect that has never been surpassed. At the same time there is a marked restraint in the tone of the lustre that may possibly have its origin in the use of silver rather than of copper. The colours pass insensibly from the brightest ruby to the palest golden tint, and sometimes, when examined with a strong lens, show rich prismatic effects. How far the present appearance of such pieces is original or even in- tentional is difficult to decide. But it may be assumed that the potter's methods in mediaeval Persia were of a somewhat primitive kind, much as they are in India at the present day; and in such circumstances it is unlikely that the potter would have been able to command a uniform tint, even had he desired it. The handling and cleaning of the surface undoubtedly have served to wear away the lustre decoration and to reduce the strength of the colour, and many collectors have found that the mere washing of a lustred specimen has had this effect. There is some uncertainty as to the dates of the bulk of such pieces as are in Cases D, E, and F. They hardly ever have upon them anything in the nature of an inscription that helps in this direction; and none have been found in European mounting. We are thus reduced to comparison with Persian drawings in order to arrive at some conclusion. Judged INTRODUCTION xvii by this method it would seem hardly probable that any of them date as far back as the sixteenth century; and more likely that they originated towards the end of the reign of Shah Abbas, who died in 1627. This agrees with the statement of Chardin (about 1670) in his often quoted account of the porcelain of Kerman and Meshed, which can pass for that of Japan and China, the " body" being the same within as without. That the white ware was made in direct imitation of Chinese there can be no reasonable doubt, and here again the dates would fairly correspond with the period when the milk-white porcelain was made in China. At Yezd a factory existed where good imitations of Chinese porcelain were „ made about the year 1600. A vase now in the British Museum, and formerly in the collection of the late Cosmo Monkhouse, bears an interesting inscription recording that it was made in Yezd in the year 1616. On this, however, is painted in blue under glaze, an admirable copy of a commonplace Chinese design, but the quality of the ware, as an imitation, well merits the praise that Chardin bestows on the products of Kerman. It is, no doubt, of this kind of ware that the Capuchin Father Raphael du Mans speaks (in his " Estat de la Perse en 1660 "), " Kachipez ou potiers de faience. Ceux cy surpassent encor nos ouvriers de Nevers, de Cosne et d'Orleans, car icy ils la font aussi blanche dedans que dehors, pointee d'azur de Venise, qui est du verre bleu qui vient de la icy, et ces gens le prdparent comme l'azur d'outre mer, en quoy ceux qui ne le cognoissent pas y seroient trompds. De mesme que dans cette poterie cy qui vient de Kirman, la ou se faict la meilleure, difficilement la scauroit on distinguer de la tchini" (= Chinese). Here it is interesting to note that the blue colour was imported from Venice. The small series of Kutahian ware that follows the Persian presents a very different colour scheme, and must be regarded from a different standpoint. The forms are generally good, and the potting shows all the skill of long generations of trained crafts- c xviii FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST men. The colour, a greyish-blue with darker outlines, is agreeable to the eye, but the feature for which the Kutahian faience is chiefly remarkable is the elegance and masterly drawing of its ornament. The dexterous arrangement of the arabesques recalls the charming productions of the metal-workers of Mosul and Cairo in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, which, as pure surface decora- tion, have never been surpassed. This ware must have come into existence some time during the fifteenth century, for the little "mass cruet " made to commemorate Abraham of Kutahia bears the date 1510 of our era. It is fully as advanced in style as the majority of the pieces around it, and the combined skill of potter and artist is not likely to have been suddenly acquired. Other pieces of Kutahian ware bear dates, but this is one of the earliest, and is thus of very great interest. Much has been written from time to time of the beauty of the Damascus ware, but very little has been added to our knowledge of its origin. The productions of the city itself figure largely in mediaeval inventories, but it is of little avail to quote them. Damascus pots or glasses may have been among the treasures of Charles V of France, but in the first place we do not know what kind of things they were, and in the second, the mere fact, that in the fourteenth century they bore this name, is poor evidence that they were made in or even near Damascus. (In our own time the term " Nankin china" is colloquially used, though probably little if any of it was made in that city.) The experience of recent years seems to show that but little of this charming ware remains in the East itself. Its decorative beauties are so obvious and so uni- versally appreciated that for many years past the finer qualities have commanded a relatively high price, and in this way its original home has been denuded of them to furnish European cabinets. Probably no other faience, not even Italian majolica, has been so successfully treated as to produce all the refined qualities of a porcelain while retaining its own. The ware itself is admirable from the technical point of view, and the beautiful surface, pro- INTRODUCTION xix duced by covering the coarser earth with a finely levigated " slip " of a white clay, lends to the brilliant colours laid upon it the soft effect of the "pate tendre" of the early European factories. The Damascus potter had a fantastic botany of his own, and the task of describing his involved floral inventions imposes a severe tax on the English language: but involved as his material may be, he produces a most fascinating whole, with all the subtle, indescrib- able charm born of many centuries of natural artistic skill. No doubt a time will come when the mystery of the place of origin of " Rhodian " ware will be solved by the discovery in some corner, perhaps of European Turkey, of the remains of the kilns with its rubbish heaps full of distorted and rejected "wasters." Till then the term Rhodian has the merit of being well under- stood, though it may be inaccurate as a description. Like Damas- cus, it was long called Persian, but the late Sir Wollaston Franks discovered that the inscription on the large covered bowl in Case Q was in Turkish, a fact which made a Persian origin for the piece unlikely; another similar inscription is on a specimen in the British Museum. At Lindus in Rhodes, every well-to-do family had examples of the ware, and the local story was strongly in favour of its being of local make. For this, however, it turned out that no evidence existed. Of late, surmises and positive state- ments have been freely made, but of real evidence there is little. Its close relation to the Damascus ware is fairly clear. We find the dishes made in the same form, with wavy edges exactly alike, and a number of the motives of decoration are again almost identical. But a different artistic temperament seems to have inspired the Rhodian artist, a tendency towards the obvious, a desire to turn out something that should immediately attract, was apparently the goal. He has his reward, for even the gorgeous palette of the best period of Chinese porcelain can scarcely com- pete with the striking brilliancy of the Rhodian red and blue. The ware must have been even more oriental in its magnificence x FAIENCE OF PERSIA AND THE NEARER EAST if most of the pieces had their colours enhanced with oil gilding, as seems to have been the case. Ample remains of the gold still exist on not a few of the plates and jugs in the exhibition. The technical methods of the Rhodian potter were the same as those of Damascus; a body of good clay, over which was spread a coating of fine white slip to form a surface for the colour. There is little direct evidence as to the period when the Damascus and Rhodian wares were made. The fine Damascus lamp from the Mosque of Omar, presented to the British Museum by the late Mr. Fortnum, is, however, an exception, as it bears the date 1549 of our era. That this is the time when the factories were at their prime seems probable on all grounds. This lamp is as fine as any piece known, both in its potting and artistic qualities ; and with regard to the Rhodian wares the three fine jugs in silver mounts in Case P, show that the latter half of the sixteenth century was the period when the ware was in a flourishing state. All three mounts are of the end of the century, two of them, oddly enough, having been made by the same London silversmith, while the third is probably of Dutch make. A very fine jug with London mounts of the year 1596 was at the exhibition in 1885, but passed into the British Museum at the death of its owner, Sir A. W. Franks. The Committee desires to thank the members and others whose contributions have made the exhibition possible, and es- pecially Mr. F. Ducane Godman, whose liberality has temporarily deprived his house of a number of its choicest treasures. For help in the decipherment of the inscriptions the Committee is indebted to Mr. A. G. Ellis and Mr. E. Edwards, both of the British Museum, and for the loan of the carpets that have been used in the decoration of the gallery to Mr. R. H. Benson, Mr. E. Bond, Sir Frederick Cook, Sir William Preece, and Mr. Edward Stebbing. Charles Hercules Read. %th May, 1907. CATALOGUE FRAME NO. I EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, coated with tin glaze and painted in reddish-brown lustre with ruby lights. A herd of seven antelopes are running across the middle; plants above and below, vermicular ground; at the bottom two fishes. The border has a long inscrip- tion in the Neshky character; Koran, chap, lxxxvii, omitting last three verses. Persian, about 1260. Probably from Veramin, near Teheran. Diameter, 12J inches. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. FRAME NO. 2 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in brown lustre with ruby lights. Formal floral scrolls, symmetrically arranged on lustre ground, with white vermicular scrolls; border white with Neshky inscription in lustre; Koran, chapters i, etc. Persian, thirteenth century. Probably from Veramin near Teheran. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. B CASE A ANCIENT SYRIAN On top of Case : DISH with shaped edge painted in blue under glaze. In the centre a vase of formal flowers; beyond, scrolls with blooms of similar flowers; border of a formal design, perhaps to represent clouds. On the back three monograms. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 18 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. i ALBARELLO, with sides moulded in a pattern of octagons resembling tile-work; painted in still black under a turquoise glaze; in the central compartments of each octagon is a pair of fishes, and in the surrounding members a formal plant; round the neck, a pro- cession of fishes. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, \i\ in.; diameter, 6f in. Lent by the trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 2 JUG moulded in relief with horizontal bands of ornament, consisting of leaves in relief, alternating with zigzag; painted in black. Brilliant iridescence from burial. Syrian, thirteenth century. Said to have been found near Teheran. Height, 71 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 3 VASE with oviform body divided into eight panels by vertical ribs, painted in blue under the glaze; on each panel symmetrical floral scrolls enclosing two large aster-like flowers; on the neck similar floral scrolls. The inside entirely coated with pale greenish glaze. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, \i\ in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. Case A] ANCIENT SYRIAN 3 4 OVIFORM VASE, painted in intense black under a turquoise glaze, four long-legged birds alternating with pear-shaped cartouches filled with arabesque, the whole on a background of boldly drawn arabesque scrolls ; part of the turquoise glaze has decayed from burial, leaving only the black design. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, 5 \ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Mtiseum. 5 ALBARELLO with incurved sides, covered with blue glaze over which the decoration is in rich green lustre with ruby lights ; around the sides five peacocks formally disposed, the intervening spaces filled with leaf-shaped spots. Scroll border on the neck. Syro-Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 13 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 ALBARELLO, with incurved sides divided diagonally by six spiral ribs. The entire surface is covered with an intense deep blue glaze, upon which the decoration is in a brilliant bronze-green lustre. The ribs are lustred, and between them are lines of inscription ; on the neck a formal interlacing border. Syro-Persian, thirteenth century. From the Fortnum Collection. Exhibited B.F.A.C. 1885, No. 479. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. xii. Height, 14} in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 BOWL, painted in still black, under a pale blue glaze : inside, a rosette in the centre from which springs a radiating design of eight points, with kite-shaped panels alternately hatched and filled with reserved arabesques in a black ground: outside, a pattern of many petals. Part of the rim of another bowl adheres to the outside. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, \\ in.; diameter, 10 in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 8 OVIFORM VASE, with decoration in black outline splashed with deep blue, part of the subject being accentuated in slip. Round the body, three geese walking among aquatic plants which fill up the whole background. Around the neck a band of Neshky writing in outline ; at foot a similar band in black. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, \i\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Compare Wallis, " Notes on Early Persian Pottery," No. 2. 4 ANCIENT SYRIAN [Case A g DEEP PLATE, painted in black and bright blue, with a sixfoil design, three of the points being angular, the others round. The three angular divisions each contain an elegant ornamental motive, and the rounded ends of the other lobes have a similar but smaller design. The intervening spaces are all filled with graceful scroll designs. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 9f in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 10 ALBARELLO, covered with an intense deep blue glaze with orna- ment in bronze green lustre, with golden and ruby lights. On the sides eleven diagonal lines alternating with bands of simple scroll- work. On the neck a band of carelessly written inscription. Syrian, thirteenth century. From the Fortnum Collection. Exhibited, B.F.A.C., 1885. No. 475. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. i. Height, 13! in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 11 VASE with oviform body, painted in black with touches of turquoise under the glaze. On the body, three horizontal bands of similar design, a row of freely drawn circles filled with turquoise, alternat- ing with a sprig, the ground filled with hatched lines. On the neck, vertical bars, alternately turquoise, edged with black, and black with horizontal hatching. Thick glaze falling in irregular tears at the base. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, 13^ in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 12 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in golden lustre with blue. In the centre, a formal cartouche in blue, having a running hare on either side on a vermicular ground with formal scrolls. Border of inscription, Persian poetry in Neshky character. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 6| in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 13 BOWL, with angular incurved edge, painted in blue and black with brown, under glaze. In the centre a trellis medallion filled with circles, etc. ; this is bordered by radiating acanthus-like leaves in blue and black, with a warm brown ground. On the shoulder Case A] ANCIENT SYRIAN 5 sketchy herring-bone pattern in black. Thick glaze falling in tears, and iridescent from decay. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter of mouth, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 14 OVIFORM VASE, decorated in brownish yellow. The design con- sists of a diaper of vesica-shaped medallions, each containing a formal pattern; the ground between covered with reserved circles containing dots; the neck has a band of elegant scrollwork. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, 15^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 15 TILE, eight-pointed star, painted in golden lustre with blue lines; in the centre a design on vermicular ground, consisting of a seated hare, surrounded by seven flying ducks, and one bird standing; from four of the points of the star proceed as many formal leaves outlined in blue. Border of Persian poetry in Neshky character. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, "Persian Lustre Vases," fig. 12, Diameter, 8 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 16 BOWL, with small base, coated with an intense blue glaze, over which is painted in red and white with gilding a cruciform design inclosing small scrolls and squares of gold; the spaces between the arms of the cross contain trefoil medallions; outside, vertical lines of red and white. Persian, thirteenth century. Found near Teheran. Diameter, 6£ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 17 OVIFORM VASE, decorated in an archaic style in black and blue, on the body six vertical panels containing alternately formal scrolls and three zones of ornament ; on the neck, vertical lines in blue and black. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, \2\ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. CASE B ANCIENT PERSIAN On top of Case : DISH of porcelain, painted in bright blue and sage green. In the centre a medallion with four groups of deer, reserved in white on blue ground. Borders of sage green with white vandyke and scrolls on blue. On the bottom in black the name of the maker, Kwaja Gohar. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 1 8 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 1 ALBARELLO: ornament in blue and brown with details slightly raised; on body, two broad bands, each containing four vertical panels separated by plain bands with vertical blue lines; in each panel, a leaf-shaped ornament filled in with a flower and foliage reserved in a blue ground, and in the spaces foliage reserved in a stippled brown ground; formal borders above and below; on the shoulders, a band of formal pattern, and on the neck, a wreath. Syrian, thirteenth century. Dug up in Persia. Height, 13^ in.; diameter, j\ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 2 BOWL with straight sides, painted in brown lustre with ruby lights. In the centre a horseman, with radiating border; around eight standing figures roughly sketched and alternating with formal trees ; outside rude scrolls. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 6^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 VASE moulded in relief and entirely covered with an intense blue glaze. The ornament consists of a tall ornamental Kufic inscription, the letters having foliated tops, and joined in the middle by inter- lacing ; the spaces between filled with scrolls. On the shoulder a band of plaiting ; at foot a series of plain panels. Brass Persian foot, modern. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. v. Height, 13^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case B] ANCIENT PERSIAN 7 4 HEXAGONAL DISH on foot, brown lustre. In the bowl, within a sixfoil depression, a seated figure with a nimbus; around, sketchy scrolls, etc. On the back a band of rough inscription. Persian, thirteenth century. Found at Rhages. Richard Collection. Wallis, " Ceramic Art," pi. vi. Diameter, 6} in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 VASE, oviform, mounted as a jug with metal neck and handle; the body divided into irregular compartments with blue outlines, and orna- ment reserved in a ground of brown lustre ; seven seated figures between ovals enclosing birds ; below them arched compartments with birds, and above, a band of lobes filled in with spiral scrolls ; band of formal ornament on the shoulder and arabesque foliage above the base. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, ii in.; diameter, j\ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 6 OVIFORM VASE, painted in black outline with touches of dull blue; round the body a procession of geese; below, a band of imitation inscription; the whole ground is covered with trefoil leaves and occasional rosettes; part of the decoration has not been reached by the glaze, showing that the painting was executed on the raw clay. Syrian, thirteenth century. Height, i3§ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Musetim. 7 FLOWER VASE, of elegant make, coated with tin glaze, and decor- ated in golden brown lustre, three small flower tubes on the shoulders. On the body three horsemen riding to the left, with rich dresses; the field filled with formal plants and trees. The neck has a border in two zones, with ornamental Kufic letters on the upper one; the lower formal arabesques. Within the neck Kufic letters repeated. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Lustre Vases," pi. ii. Height, 8^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 ANCIENT PERSIAN [Case B 8 SHALLOW BOWL, with incurved sides; deep blue glaze with painted ornament in dull white; inside, a rosette in the centre enclosed by a band of arabesques, round which is a procession of fishes; out- side, rosettes enriched with leaf gold, and scrolls between. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, if in.; diameter, 5^- in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 9 VASE moulded with vertical ribs, covered with a cream-coloured tin glaze, and decorated with brown lustre having golden lights. The design is in two zones, the upper consisting of eight standing figures of women, each with nimbus, divided from each other by a band of scrolls; the lower has similar bands of scrolls, but dividing panels of formal ornament reserved on a lustre ground. Outside the neck a band of small scrollwork; within, a thick starch blue glaze. Persian, thirteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C. Wallis, "Early Persian Lustre Vases," fig. 2, and " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. iv. Height, 13 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 10 BOWL, indented at the edge to form ten lobes, coated with a tin glaze, and decorated in golden brown lustre; in the bottom a circular medallion with indented edges, containing two hares seated back to back, with a plant between them, on which is a bird; the design is completed by formal flowers on a vermicular ground. Brown edge with imitation inscription. Outside, formal floral medallions. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. iii. Diameter, 7f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 11 SHALLOW BOWL, with incurved sides: deep blue glaze, with painted ornament in dull white and a little red, enriched with leaf gold; inside, a rosette surrounded by a band of running scrollwork ; outside, a scroll band with rosettes and lozenges at regular in- tervals. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, 2 in.; diameter, 5^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. Case B] ANCIENT PERSIAN 9 12 ALBARELLO, painted with diagonal lines in blue alternating with Neshky inscriptions running from bottom to top; on the shoulder, imitation inscriptions ; on the neck blue zigzag. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, iof in. Lent by Don G. J. de Osma. 13 VASE, oviform: deep blue glaze with painted ornament in dull white, red and leaf-gilding : on lower part, vertical stripes; in upper part, five panels enclosing quatrefoils, with a diaper of quatrefoils, single leaves and scrolls between : band of similar ornament on the neck, and a cable band below: mounted with bronze rim en- graved with a band of Neshky inscription. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 4f in.; diameter, 4^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 14 BOWL, with ornament in slight relief; inside, in the centre, medallion with a bird among plants; around, four similar birds, each with three long tail feathers, on floral ground in blue with splashes of green, border of circles; outside, vertical lines in blue. Syrian, thirteenth century, iridescent from burial. Diameter, nf in. Lent by Mr. C. Gulbenkian. 15 & 18 TWO EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILES covered with a dark blue glaze, over which a pattern of formal leaves and flowers, in gilding; on the ground small spirals in white. Persian, fourteenth century. Diameter, 7% in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 16 VASE, in the form of a bull or ram, coated with a tin glaze, and decorated in golden brown lustre. The horns curve towards each other over the head, the opening is in the middle of the back, from which a handle joins the neck. The body is covered with bold scrollwork on a vermicular ground. Oblong base. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 7| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. c IO ANCIENT PERSIAN [Case B 17 OVIFORM VASE, with ornament in relief, painted in rich brown lustre, and a somewhat dull blue. The surface is covered with boldly modelled formal plants with trefoil blooms, coloured alternately in blue and brown, the field between being covered with dots in brown. A formal border of trefoils on the lip. The surface partly iridescent from burial. Persian, twelfth-thirteenth century. Height, 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 19 JUG, coated with tin glaze, the design in brownish yellow, once lustrous, with touches of pale blue. The design is of a formal floral char- acter, chiefly reserved, with line ornament in the blank spaces. Round the lip and the body a band of imitation Neshky inscrip- tion. At the base a band of scrollwork. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. vii. Height, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 20 VASE, oviform with cylindrical neck; arabesque ornament in low relief on the shoulders; the neck vertically grooved; blue glaze which has run deep between the reliefs and stops in a thick irregular line two inches short of the base ; two metal handles made out of powder horns; the form of the vase shows Chinese influence. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, 12 in.; diameter, gl in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. FRAME NO. 3 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in golden lustre blue and turquoise, with a figure riding on a bull with two attendants; ground of scrolls. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 8 in. Lent by Don G. J. de Osma. This represents the mythical King Feridun mounted on the cow Pur-Maya (by which he was suckled as a child), preceded by the blacksmith Kava (who headed the rising which resulted in his restoration and the overthrow of Dahek), carrying in his hand the Daraksh-I-Kaviyan or flag of Kava, the blacksmith's leather apron which was hoisted as the standard of revolt, and afterwards became the royal standard of Persia; he is followed by the captive tyrant Dahak, with the two snakes growing from his shoulders, bound, and being led away a captive to Mt. Damavand (N. of Rhe or Rhages) on the confines of Mazandarum. FRAME NO. 4 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in a reddish lustre. In the middle bold floral scrolls on a vermicular ground ; on the edge a band of Neshky inscription, being the Koran, Chap. II, v. 256 (the Verse of the Throne). Persian, about 1260. Probably from Veramin. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. W. Harding Smith. FRAME NO. 5 PANEL OF THREE TILES, painted in brown with a trefoil arch filled with floral design and having a floral scroll on either side. Persian, sixteenth century. Total height, 23^ in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. FRAME NO. 6 OBLONG TILE with Neshky in deep blue in relief, on a ground of brown lustred scrolls, with spiral scrolls in light green. Persian, fourteenth century. Size, I2f x 8 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. For description of Table Case containing Tiles, see p. 81. CASE C ANCIENT PERSIAN 1 BOWL with small foot, the outside moulded in many petals; ornament reserved in a ground of yellowish brown lustre with golden lights; blue borders; inside, a radiating design in six compartments filled with formal flowers in a ground of vermicular scrolls; border of stiff leaves in a similar ground; outside, the petals are edged with blue and turquoise, and filled in with scrollwork and Neshky inscriptions. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 3 in.; diameter, 6\ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 2 JUG painted in yellowish lustre with golden lights; on the body arabesque pendants and festoons, on the neck a band of Kufic writing. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 DISH painted in greenish black and blue; in the centre a medallion with geometrical interlacing; border of five panels of formal orna- ment in blue, the spaces between having designs in black; two narrower borders of blue lines alternating with black medallions. The surface iridescent from burial. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, i2f in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 4 SMALL EWER, moulded in relief, coated with a tin glaze and decorated with golden brown lustre; on each side two seated female figures, each with a nimbus; beneath the spout a hare. On the neck formal arabesques, and on the handle rude Neshky inscription : god the compassionate. Persian, thirteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 47. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," Fig. 3 and Notes, No. I, frontispiece. Height, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. i 4 ANCIENT PERSIAN [Case C 5 BOWL on small foot, painted in blue and brown lustre with golden lights ; in the centre, a formal cypress in blue in the midst of dense foliage reserved in a lustre ground; above this, two borders of ovals in lustre between blue bands; outside, a pattern of radiating petals. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 3 in.; diameter, 6\ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 6 BOTTLE, covered with tin glaze and painted in brown lustre with outlines of blue. Round the neck is a row of winged lions, with a band of Neshky inscription in Persian below; from this hangs a row of shaped scallops, each containing a pair of birds on a ground of spirals. Below, formal curves with leaves between. Around the body a set of vertical bands, each containing a Neshky inscription of Persian verse running downwards. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Lustre Vases," fig. i. Height, yl in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 DEEP DISH, the edge moulded in sixteen lobes, painted in black outline with dark blue and turquoise. In the centre a circular medallion enclosing a seated hare among formal flowers in turquoise on a dark blue ground. The lobes contain alternating a formal flower in black and a band of blue dots. On the outside are blue dots. Iridescent from burial. Persian, thirteenth century. Compare Wallis, " Notes on Persian Pottery," No. 2. Diameter, 7 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 8 JUG, with bottle-like body and narrow neck expanding upwards (handle wanting); covered with a cream-coloured tin glaze and decorated in brown lustre with golden and ruby lights. The design is peculiar, consisting of open plaited bands containing inscriptions, the spaces between the bands filled with flowers. The inscription is as follows: " I am wandering in the desert separated from my well beloved, I write these words on this flask that they may be a remembrance of me, in the year of the Hejra 609 ( = a.d. 1231) Trusting that she of whom I dream evermore, may refresh herself by putting this pitcher Case C] ANCIENT PERSIAN 15 to her lips; that she will recognize my writing and think of me and take pity on my love." Persian, a.d. 1231. Height, gl in. Lent by Mr. F D. Godman. 9 SHALLOW BOWL, painted in golden lustre with pale blue and turquoise. In the centre a medallion with an ibex in turquoise, on plant background ; around radiating bands of various patterns ; border of Neshky inscription reserved on vermicular ground. On the back six ornamental medallions and border of Neshky writing. All the inscriptions are in Persian. Thirteenth century? Diameter, 8^ in. Lent by Mr. C. Gulbenkian. 10 ALBARELLO, covered with a tin glaze, and decorated with brown lustre with golden and ruby lights. The design is in two zones, the upper having four medallions with ornament, the interspaces with formal design reserved on lustre, the lower rows of circles pierced by vertical lines. Around the middle a band of Neshky inscription, being complimentary phrases in Arabic; Kufic inscrip- tion on neck and shoulder. Persian, thirteenth century. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. ix. Height, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 11 JUG (handle wanting), moulded in slight relief and painted in golden brown lustre, turning in places to ruby. Round the body eight star- shaped medallions enclosed in a border of lozenges, each of the medallions containing a flower or a circle; below a similar number of shaped panels containing formal scrolls. On the neck interlac- ing lines forming four eight-pointed stars containing formal scrolls like those below. Within the neck a band of formal ornament. The glaze of this piece is of unusual brilliancy. Persian, thirteenth centuiy. Wallis, " Persian Lustre Vases," pi. iii. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. i6 ANCIENT PERSIAN [Case C 12 BOTTLE, coated with tin (?) glaze, and decorated in yellowish brown lustre; lip with double flange. Round the shoulder three hares walking; below, a Vandyke edging with pendants. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 6| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 13 DISH painted in golden lustre with touches of blue. In the centre a formal growing tree between two seated hares, border of radiating panels with geometrical design, on the back scrolls. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, \\\ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 14 BOTTLE, coated with tin(?) glaze and decorated in yellowish brown lustre; lip with double flange. Round the shoulder three quadrupeds walking ; below a vandyke edging with pendants : one spot of blue on side. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 6 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 15 EWER, painted in reddish lustre with golden lights and turquoise lines; the body is decorated with vertical bands alternately containing Neshky inscriptions in Arabic and formal scrolls; round the shoulder a line of inscription with date 674 (or possibly 774) A.H. = a.d. 1275 (or 1372); top imperfect, mounted in modern silver. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, 14! in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 16 DEEP BOWL, with incurved sides and wide flange, painted in brown and blue; inside, the ornament outlined in brown and raised in white slip, the ground being stippled and hatched in brown; a hare in foliage in the centre, and four phoenixes in foliage (showing Chinese influence) with leaf-shaped cartouches between; outside, a band of raised inscription on brown ground, and dotted pattern in blue and brown. Syrian, thirteenth century. Dug up in Persia. Height, 5 in.; diameter, 11 in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. Case C] ANCIENT PERSIAN 17 17 LARGE VASE, with ornament modelled in relief and covered with a deep blue glaze, around the shoulder three pairs of sphinxes with formal ornament ; below, two ribs confining a wavy band and dots, the lower part unglazed. Persian, thirteenth century. Height, 1 4 in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. 18 HEMISPHERICAL BOWL painted in dark grey and blue, in the centre a seated hare on a background of plants ; broad border divided by radiating bands into five panels filled with leaves in white and blue; the outside sprinkled with blue spots. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 8Jr in. Lent by Mr. C. Gulbenkian. CASE D LATER PERSIAN On top of Case : BOWL, with unfinished decoration; designs outlined in brown and left blank, the ground filled in with blue. Outside, medallions in a ground of floral scrollwork; inside, a border of running floral scrollwork. Seventeenth century. Height, 6^ in. ; diameter, 16 in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 1 OCTAGONAL BOWL (fragmentary), coated with a tin glaze and decorated in brilliant blue with rich golden brown lustre. Inside, blue with radiating lines of lustre. Outside the panels are alter- nately lustre on white and on blue, the designs being formal arabesques. Persian, thirteenth century. Found at Rhages. Richard Collection. Wallis, " Persian Ceramic Art," pi. x. Height, 4^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Goclman. 2 DEEP PLATE, painted in brown lustre, and blue under the glaze. The centre of the plate closely covered with flying birds; in the centre, a square imitating a Chinese seal mark; the border in blue, a quatrefoil diaper of Chinese style, interrupted with four medallions with flowers. Outside, painted in lustre with deep blue ground, a formal arrangement of growing plants alternating with ornamental cartouches; on the bottom, four spots of lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 9§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 EWER, with wide lip, painted in golden lustre with two peacocks and growing plants ; inside the lip two groups of plants, and two cypresses. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 8^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. Case D] LATER PERSIAN 19 4 EWER, painted in dark lustre with ruby lights, on a bright blue ground; on the body, growing flowers enclosed by curved lines; on the neck, vertical bands of formal pattern; inside lip, four groups of iris, etc. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 7| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Goaman. 5 SPITTOON, painted in brown lustre with golden ruby lights, with bands of formal design; round the body shaped Vandykes filled with cross hatching; below, a formal scroll; within the lip, a pale ruby lustre. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 4^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, moulded into eight lobes, alternately deep blue and uncoloured; on each lobe flowering plants and trees with birds seated upon them, all painted in brown lustre with brilliant green and ruby lights. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, \2\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 SPITTOON, coarsely painted in ruby lustre and canary yellow, with growing plants. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 4f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 EWER, with wide mouth, painted with dark lustre, with ruby lights on a blue ground; on the body groups of iris alternating with other flowers ; inside lip similar design on white. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 20 LATER PERSIAN [Case D 9 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE with wide mouth, painted in brilliant ruby lustre ; on the body, leaf-shaped reserved panels filled with plants; on the shoulder a band of scroll pattern and a wider one of formal flowers. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, i of in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 10 SPITTOON, painted in ruby lustre, canary yellow ground with radiating petals, filled with scale work and formal patterns. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 5 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 11 BOWL, with expanding edge; the outside coated with a bright blue glaze, over which is painted, in golden brown lustre, trees and plants, cypress, iris, etc., with birds flying and walking. Inside painted in dull blue and lustre; circular centre with trees; on the sides six panels with shaped medallions and plants. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, n-£ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 12 SPITTOON. Painted in dark brown lustre with animals and growing plants in three zones. Round the shoulder two deer. Round the body a flying bird and plants. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 4f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 13 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, moulded in eight lobes, and painted in brilliant ruby lustre with growing trees, on one a bird; one panel has formal ornament reserved on lustre ground ; broad lustre band on neck. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 12 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 14 FLASK, with bulbous mouth, coated with an apple-green glaze, over which is roughly painted a bird and a snake with flowers. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, \\\ in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. Case D] LATER PERSIAN 21 15 BOWL. Painted in brown lustre, very dark on the outside, with ruby lights. Inside a peacock on a floral ground, around four groups of flowers alternating with as many cartouches. Outside six plain lustre cartouches among flowers; formal zigzag border. On the bottom an inscription, " muhammad riza," the name, probably, of the maker, in a cartouche. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 8£ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 16 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, moulded in eight lobes, coated with a canary-yellow glaze over which are painted in ruby lustre a variety of subjects on the several lobes, viz., fish, flowering trees with birds, formal floral designs. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 12 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 17 BOWL, painted in brilliant ruby lustre, the outside having an intense blue ground. Inside, an eight foil medallion from which radiate eight serrated petals alternating with cartouches. Outside growing plants. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 8| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 18 BOTTLE, coated with a dark turquoise glaze, and painted in dark lustre with vertical bands of rosettes and sketchy leaves; formal border at foot. Silver mount. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, i2± in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE E LATER PERSIAN 1 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, painted in golden ruby lustre on white ground, the whole surface covered with growing plants, iris, cypress, pinks, etc., and among them a fish pond, and a running gazelle. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 BOWL, coated outside with a pale coffee-coloured glaze, with two narrow borders of leaves engraved through the brown and showing white ; inside painted in blue, a border of indeterminate design, and a sprig in the centre. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7?, in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 MINIATURE SPITTOON, painted in brown lustre with ruby tints on a blue ground, on the shoulder a formal design, round the body a border of growing flowers. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 2f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, moulded in six lobes, pale turquoise ground, the lobes are alternately coated with a bronze-green lustre with ruby and golden lights, and decorated with a cypress between flowers, all in the same lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 1 1^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 BOWL, the outside coated with a coffee-coloured glaze, through which are engraved two groups of growing flowers, and a narrow border of leaves; inside painted in blue, indeterminate border and sprig in centre. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case E] LATER PERSIAN 23 6 MINIATURE SPITTOON, painted in brown lustre, with golden tints with two zones of ornaments; round the shoulder, radiating Vandykes ; round the body a roughly sketched formal border. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 2 J. in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, painted in deep purple brown lustre, with ruby lights; growing plants rendered in a bold style, iris, poppy, plant with broad pear-shaped leaf, etc. Formal borders on the neck. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 10J in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 BOWL, with narrow mouth painted in dark lustre, with ruby lights on deep blue ground, with growing trees, two flying birds, and a running hound. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 3f in.; diameter, 6j in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 9 SAUCER DISH, painted in brown lustre, with brilliant ruby lights on a deep blue ground, on the inner side growing trees, cypress, etc. In the middle a fish pond with stream on either side, below which a hare. Outside, a border of cartouches alternating with growing plants. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 10 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, with spreading lip and bulb on neck, decorated in brown lustre with ruby lights, on a white ground. On the body plants, iris, fern-like leaves, poppies (?) etc. The neck entirely in lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 6 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 11 FLOWER VASE, oviform body with spreading lip and four subsidiary nozzles on the shoulders, painted in golden lustre with ruby lights, on a white ground. On the body various growing plants, iris, fern-like leaves, cypress, etc. On the neck similar plants and three lozenge- shaped cartouches. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 10^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 24 LATER PERSIAN [Case E 12 SAUCER DISH, painted in brown lustre with ruby lights; inside, a flowing design of formal flowers and a rough cable border on a deep blue ground ; outside, a band of arabesque foliage and formal border. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 8 } in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 13 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, slightly moulded into eight lobes, divided from each other by broad blue lines ; the rest of the decoration is in golden ruby lustre ; on each lobe a row of blooms with spiky leaves within a broad border ; broad lustre border at the neck. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 7 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 14 GLOBULAR VASE, with constricted mouth ; painted in brown lustre with ruby lights on a blue ground ; a broad band with a peacock in the midst of flowers and ferns ; border of arabesque foliage on shoulder ; metal cover inlaid with gold and silver. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 4! in. ; diameter, 5^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 15 BOTTLE, painted in brown lustre with ruby lights on a blue ground ; on the body growing plants ; round the shoulder band of vertical lines ; on the neck growing plants. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 9} in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 16 BOWL, with central boss, of milk-white ware, the edge pierced and filled in with glaze ; around the boss a radiating design in blue, edged with black. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 17 SMALL BOWL of milk-white ware, with broad border, pierced and filled in with glaze so as to resemble lace. The edge, a cable pattern in black and white. In the centre, a small boss with rosettes around it. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, \\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case E] LATER PERSIAN 25 18 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, entirely covered with a delicate pale green glaze, over which is painted with lustre of a darker tint, in two zones, a shaped lozenge diaper, filled with panels alternately in openwork and closed ; a series of simple borders on the neck. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, i2\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 19 BOWL, with central boss, of milk-white ware, the edge pierced and filled in with glaze ; around the boss a sixfoil medallion in black outline. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 20 BOWL, painted in lustre, with brilliant ruby lights; inside, growing trees and flowers, on white ground; outside, a floral scroll pattern, and radiating border on blue ground. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter of mouth, 4I in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 21 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, coated with a blue glaze, and painted in dark lustre with ruby lights; round the body a broad band of tangled flowers, the large blooms depending diagonally; above and below, vertical lines; on the neck, borders of formal scrolls. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 1 of in. Lent by Air. F. D. Godman. 22 BASE OF NARGHILI, painted in green lustre with ruby lights, on a light green ground. The upper part is bulbous; the sides of the body flattened and ornamented with plain lustre ; the rest of the body is covered with growing plants. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 23 SAUCER DISH, coated with a green glaze to imitate celadon, and painted with growing flowers in yellow and white slip; the edge ornamented with radiating channels. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 10 in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. 26 LATER PERSIAN [Case E 24 SMALL SAUCER DISH of milk-white ware. Inside, engraved with a broad border of five heart-shaped scallops, enclosing cinque- foils. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 25 BASE OF A NARGHILI, painted in brown lustre with ruby lights; a running leaf-scroll reserved in a lustred ground, and itself orna- mented with flowering plants ; formal borders. Mounted with an enamelled brass mouth of eighteenth-century work. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 12 in. ; diameter, 6^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 26 SAUCER DISH, coated with an intense blue glaze. The design engraved in white of conventional flowers with arabesque leaves; on the back a scroll border in blue, and a square mark imitating Chinese. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 1 1^ in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. 27 SMALL SAUCER DISH of milk-white ware. Inside incised under the glaze with a border of nine heart-shaped scallops enclosing trefoils. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 6|- in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 28 SPITTOON of milk-white ware; spreading lip and bulbous shoulder; moulded and engraved with radiating lines on shoulder, dividing design into three parts, alternating with trilobed scallops ; below, larger scallops. Persian, eighteenth century. Height, 4^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. FRAME NO. 7 LARGE FRIEZE TILE, with ornament in relief, painted in golden brown lustre and blue with touches of green. The main design consists of an ornamental Kufic inscription in blue, joined by interlacing vertical lines with elaborate knot in the middle; the field is covered with bold scrollwork in white, touched with green and lustre, on a lustre ground with vermicular pattern in white. Above, border of blue Neshky writing in relief on vermicular ground. Persian, early fourteenth century. Height, 24 in.; width, 19^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. FRAMES NOS. 8 & II TWO FRIEZE TILES, each with part of an inscription in relief, covered with a pale turquoise glaze, the letters showing traces of gilding. Persian, fourteenth century. Size of each, 20 x 9^ in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. FRAME NO. 9 FRIEZE TILE, painted in golden and ruby lustre and blue with touches of green; a broad band of Neshky inscription in relief in blue, being Koran, chap, xlviii, part of verse 5, on a coved surface; the ground covered with spiral scrolls on a vermicular ground; above, border in relief of plants splashed with blue. Persian, early fourteenth century; part of a set dated a.d. 13 10. Size, 1 5^ x 16^ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. FRAME NO. IO PRAYER NICHE from a Mosque, formed of two large tiles moulded in relief and painted in blue turquoise and brown lustre. The design consists of a broken arch springing from the inscription capped by a broken circle, and in the middle hangs a lamp, now defective; the whole of the ground within and without the arch covered with inscriptions, being verses from the Koran, those in the spandrels being in the Kufic character. It is signed by the artist, Ali ibn Muhammad, and dated A H 663 (a.d. 1264). The ground entirely covered with floral scrolls in golden lustre. Persian, a.d. 1264. Height, 62 x 29 in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. FRAME NO. 12 FRIEZE TILE, with ornament in relief, painted with intense blue, tur- quoise, and golden lustre; a broad band of Neshky inscription in blue (Koran, chap, vi, part of verse 164), on a ground of lustre with large floral scrolls in turquoise; in the spaces, birds, etc.; above, a broad border with conventional floral ornament in white on lustre. Persian, early fourteenth century. Size, 18^ x 16^ in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. FRAME NO. 13 CENTRAL TILE OF PRAYER NICHE with designs in relief, painted in blue and golden brown lustre with touches of green. An oblong doorway with trefoil opening, in which hangs a lamp, the spandrils and ground filled with scrolls and the 1 12th Chapter of the Koran in relief; pentagonal tympanum filled with bold arabesque scroll design in relief; around the tympanum the Verse of the Throne in lustre; rounded columns and ogee capitals. Beyond, a border with large Neshky inscription in relief, in blue on lustre scroll ground. Persian, thirteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 149. Height, 24 in.; width, 18 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. CASE F LATER PERSIAN I BOWL of milk-white ware, the outside coated with a pale turquoise glaze, through which are engraved radiating bands in white. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 8{ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 BOWL, with central boss, painted in canary yellow, with black outlines. Inside radiating design, forming a rosette of many petals; outside, pairs of sprigs of fritillary, alternating with conventional flowers. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 SPITTOON. Painted in golden lustre on deep blue ground. On the shoulder and round the body, two bands of floral scroll work, divided from each other by a border of lozenges. Inside the lip, lustre on white. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 4} in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 SAUCER DISH. Painted in dark lustre, with golden and ruby lights. The whole of the surface is covered with a growing iris on a dull turquoise ground. Simple cable border. The back has a formal vandyke border on similar ground. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 BOWL, with central boss; painted in canary yellow, with black outlines. Inside, a radiating design, forming a rosette of many petals, altern- ately white and yellow ; in the centre a medallion with scroll border. Outside, a design of similar kind, but entirely yellow. Persian, eighteenth century. Diameter, 7 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case F] LATER PERSIAN 3i 6 SPITTOON. Painted in brown lustre, on pale turquoise ground. The shoulder and body entirely covered with growing plants. The inside of the lip with an arrowhead diaper. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 4 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 BOWL, painted in lustre, the outside a dark greyish blue, with golden lights, the inside has in the centre a rosette of eight points altern- ately in lustre, and with a formal pattern; scroll border; all in golden yellow lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 7^ in. Lent by Sir Thos. D. Gibson-Carmichael, Bart. 8 COFFEE CUP. Painted in dark brown lustre, with ruby lights on a very pale turquoise ground. Inside, a formal floral medallion, surrounded by four cartouches, and as many sprigs. Outside, interlacing floral band, with a cable pattern above. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 31 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 9 SAUCER DISH, of milk-white ware. Inside, engraved with a broad border of formal flowers. Outside, coated with a delicate green glaze. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 9! in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 10 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, eight lobed, ornamented with intense blue and brilliant ruby lustre. The design consists of delicately pencilled growing plants in lustre alternately on the cream- coloured ground, and on one of deep blue. The mouth entirely blue, with broad band of lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 9f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 32 LATER PERSIAN [Case F 11 FLOWER VASE, with expanding lip, and four subsidiary nozzles on the shoulders; painted in dark purple lustre, with ruby lights. On the body birds flying among growing plants; between the nozzles oval cartouches. Similar cartouches in and outside the neck. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 12 SAUCER. Painted in ruby lustre and canary yellow, with rudely drawn plants, iris, etc. ; on the back, radiating design. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 13 SAUCER-DISH of milk-white ware. Inside, broad white border engraved with radiating bands of quatrefoils. Outside coated with a pale lilac glaze. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 14 PEAR-SHAPED BOTTLE, six lobed, ornamented with intense blue and brilliant ruby lustre. The design consists of growing plants boldly drawn in lustre, the panels being alternately blue and uncoloured, on the former irises and other flowers, on the latter a tree with broad pear-shaped leaves, etc. The mouth entirely blue with broad band of lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 10 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 15 CUP on small foot. Painted in ruby lustre. Outside, floral Vandykes, vertical lines on foot. Inside, plain lustre. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 2\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 16 BOWL on foot. Painted in brown lustre with ruby lights. Inside, a circular medallion with iris, surrounded by four groups of other flowers, alternating with cartouches. Outside is a pattern of grow- ing trees and plants; cypress, iris, etc., on a blue ground. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 4^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case F] LATER PERSIAN 33 17 SMALL JUG, of elegant pear shape, having flat handle with projections. The decoration is in golden lustre with ruby lights on white ground, painted in a minute style with plants, birds, weeping willow, cypresses, etc., the birds being ducks, peacocks, and pheasants. A band of formal ornament round the shoulder. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 5|- in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 18 EWER with eight-foil melon-shaped body covered with a deep blue glaze; four of the lobes in openwork, and glazed with purple (one defective); round the neck and mouth rosettes in relief; modern brass mounts. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 1 3^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. 19 COFFEE CUP. Painted in brown lustre with ruby lights on white ground. Inside, a rosette surrounded by eight sprigs. Outside, formal floral pattern, covering whole surface. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 2f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 20 DRINKING VESSEL; a low vase with spout and three handles (two only remaining) ; painted in brown lustre with ruby lights on a white ground; round the sides growing trees and plants; formal scroll border on base and neck. Within, a Persian inscription sig- nifying, " May it be good for your stomach." Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 3f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 21 BOWL on foot. Painted in dark brown lustre with ruby lights on white ground. Inside, a medallion with cypress and other trees sur- rounded by a border of radiating cypress, alternating with car- touches. Outside, two peacocks, iris, and other plants. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 5 -J in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. F 34 LATER PERSIAN [Case F 22 BOWL with central boss; painted in brown lustre with ruby lights, the ground on the outside being of a brilliant blue. Inside, four radiating groups of growing iris, with another plant in the spaces; border, twelve reserved panels with the same Neshky inscription in each. On the outside a running pattern of plants. Persian, seventeenth century. Richard Collection. Diameter, 8f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 23 BOTTLE, with bulb on the neck of milk-white ware, with engraved designs. Round the body a broad band of heart-shaped panels enclosing flowers. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 5 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 24 BOTTLE, moulded in relief, with a close pattern of birds, animals, and flowers, the whole covered with an intense dark purple glaze. Brass mount. Persian, seventeenth century. Height, 15I- in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 25 DIMINUTIVE TILE, moulded in relief and painted in blue, green, and purple, on a yellow ground. A floral scroll with large blooms, among which is perched a bird. Persian, seventeenth century. Said to be from Rhages. Size, 5 x 3 in. Lent by Prof. A. H. Church. 26 EWER of milk-white ware, with slender handle and bulb on neck. Round the shoulder and under the handle and spout are rows of shaped bosses in high relief. Persian, eighteenth century. Richard Collection. Height, 5|- in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 27 BOWL, painted in yellowish brown lustre with ruby lights. Inside a circular medallion with cypress and growing plants; around a broad border with similar plants and four shaped cartouches; out- side growing plants and trees. Persian, seventeenth century. Diameter, 7§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE G KUTAHIAN AND DAMASCUS On top of Case : LARGE BOWL on foot, painted in pale blue with darker outlines. Outside ornamented with a bold wavy arabesque scroll with inter- secting subsidiary scrolls in white on a blue ground. Inside, blue on white; eight trefoil pendants rising from the edge; in the centre a medallion with interlacing scrolls on the ground; from it proceed eight openwork rays of interlacing bands. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 17 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 1 BOWL, with boss in centre; painted in blue with darker outlines. The decoration inside and out consists of a wide band of Neshky in- scription in white on blue ground, enriched with floral scrolls. The central boss is hollow, and contains loose pellets. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 8^ in. Lent by Air. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH, painted in dark blue; in the centre an elaborate eight-foil rosette, from which proceeds a spiral of small five-petalled flowers, the spiral ending in a scroll; the ground diapered with trefoil spirals. Narrow formal border. On the back, five scroll designs. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 13^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 BALL, for a lamp chain, painted on a brilliant blue ground, with a pattern of pointed oval interlacing arabesques in white, with manganese details ; each oval contains a pair of circular blooms with serrated edges, with green stems. The upper end white. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 7§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 36 KUTAHIAN AND DAMASCUS [Case G 4 MOSQUE LAMP, with three handles, and chains for suspension; painted in pale blue with darker outlines. On the body three shaped panels enclosing smaller ones, with Neshky inscriptions in white on blue, the intervening spaces filled with arabesque scrolls. On the neck, three eight-foil medallions, with similar inscriptions on blue ground, connected with cartouches, by ornamental strap- work. On the bottom a trellis pattern. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Height, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 EWER, with dragon-shaped handle; ornament in white on blue, with darker outlines. On the body conventional arabesque scrolls; on the spout interlacing angular lines. Kutahian, a.d. 1510. On the bottom an inscription in Armenian: "This mass cruet com- memorates the servant of God Abraham of Kutahia. Anno Armen: 959 ( = a.d. 15 10)." Height, 7 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 EWER, hexagonal, with chased metal neck, handle and spout; deep blue ground with reserved ornament shaded in blue ; on the sides, interlacing arabesques ; on the ends, stiff lilies ; on the shoulders, a floral scroll ; four small feet. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Height, 9 in, ; diameter, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 7 JUG, painted in blue with darker outlines, with conventional floral scrolls on a blue ground ; the centres of the large blooms are filled with turquoise colour. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Height, 6\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 MOSQUE LAMP, painted in pale blue with darker outlines; three handles and chains for suspension. On the body three arabesque trefoils, with scrolls, etc., on blue ground, the intervening spaces, also of trefoil shape, filled with arabesques on white ; on the neck floral scrolls on white, and three panels of Neshky inscription in white on blue. At the base scroll design similar to the neck, and on the bottom interlacing bands. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Height, 1 \\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case G] KUTAHIAN AND DAMASCUS 37 9 BODY OF A BOTTLE-SHAPED VASE, painted in green and purple on a rich blue ground. The decoration consists of four pairs of curved formal leaves filled with ornament in green and reserved white; the spaces between contain formal scroll ornament reserved in white on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 535. Height, 7 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 10 DISH, with narrow rim and wavy edge; painted in deep blue and turquoise ; in the centre, scalloped panel with a serpent pursuing a bird in a tree, over a blue background with formal floral orna- ments reserved in white ; on the sides, a floral wreath ; on the rim, white gadroons with trefoils in turquoise in a blue ground ; outside, a band of foliated scrolls in blue. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 13^- in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 11 INKSTAND, oblong with rounded ends, painted in pale and dark blue; on the sides, inscriptions in Kufic, on the top and ends, formal arabesques and a band of Neshky inscription; silver fittings. On the bottom, arch-shaped scrolls. Kutahian, sixteenth century. The Neshky inscription reads: " Help from God and speedy victory." Diameter, nf in. Lent by Mr. F D. Godman. 12 BOWL, on foot, and cover painted in blue, manganese and turquoise; on the body a series of purple roses alternating with blue hyacinths, across each rose stem a blue fritillary, inside a medallion with the same flowers. On the cover, pairs of purple roses alternating with hyacinths. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 549. Height, 7f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 13 DISH (tondino), of Italian shape, with wide rim and deep centre; painted in vivid blue ; in the centre, a medallion with a pointed oval cartouche in blue with four petals reserved in white, and 38 KUTAHIAN AND DAMASCUS [Case G round it crocus-like sprigs ; on the rim, eight similar cartouches symmetrically arranged with sprigs between. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 224. Diameter, 10^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 14 VASE, with wide mouth and bulbous body painted in blue with darker outlines. On the body a number of large conventional blooms with a number of smaller ones in the spaces, curved stems ; on the neck, rosettes, like flowers; leaves, etc., on a blue ground. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Height, 12 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 15 DISH (tondino), of Italian form, with wide rim and deep centre ; painted in vivid blue in two shades; in the centre a medallion with a conventional tulip flanked by two pinks ; on the rim eight similar designs symmetrically arranged in oval panels, the spaces blue with reserved flowers. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 218. Diameter, 10^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. \ CASE H DAMASCUS I BOWL, painted in pale purple, green, and turquoise, on a cloudy blue ground; outside crossing sprays of fritillary, many-petalled white rosettes with turquoise centres and hyacinths; green edge. Inside a medallion with similar flowers on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 2 MOSQUE LAMP, painted with flowers in dull blue, green and purple. Sprays of hyacinths and other flowers alternating with pinks; on one side a large green leaf, on another a cartouche in blue. Three loops for suspension (metal mounts). Bought in a bazaar at Damascus. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 524. Height, 9! in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 3 BOWL with a formal arrangement of flowers in white, green and manganese on a bright blue ground; alternately a group of five cinquefoil blooms springing from a trefoil panel, and two pome- granate-like blooms with white fritillaries and trefoils on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 SAUCER DISH, painted in turquoise, sage green, and purple on an intense blue ground, with a quatrefoil design, consisting of con- ventional pomegranates, between them a cruciform design, with white crocus-like blossoms. Between the pomegranates are pendants of turquoise and purple. On the back, sprigs and rosettes. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, iof in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4o DAMASCUS [Case H 5 JUG with pinched lip; fine white ware painted with rosettes and cruci- form ornaments in blue, turquoise and manganese, in a blue ground diapered with scale pattern; outlines in black; borders of wicker and key patterns. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, io^-in. ; diameter, 7 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 6 DISH, painted in blue of two tints, with growing flowers on a deep blue ground. Three blooms of pomegranate type, with scale pattern. Large leaves with serrated edges and a single fritillary flower. Narrow borders in black. On the back floral scrolls. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 \ \ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 SMALL LAMP with three handles and silver chain, painted in blue with turquoise. On the body nine-pointed oval panels in turquoise, the ground blue with cinquefoil flowers in white; the neck similarly ornamented; narrow turquoise borders. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 DISH, saucer-shaped, painted in deep blue, turquoise, and green; a hexagonal frame enclosing a radiating design of six quatrefoil cartouches and formal flowers springing from a central rosette; outside the hexagon are twelve radiating floral ornaments of tulip- like form. On back six groups of three discs with S-shaped scrolls between. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 9 JUG, painted in blue with turquoise. Clouded bright blue ground with pinks and many-petalled rosettes reserved in white with turquoise details. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 320. Height, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case H] DAMASCUS 4i 10 DISH with circular panel painted with sprays of fritillaries, pinks and other flowers in white, turquoise and manganese in a vivid blue ground; on edge, groups of dots in blue; outside, rosettes and crocus-like ornaments alternating. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, iof in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. n VASE, painted in blue with touches of green. On the body floral scrolls with large blooms on white ground, at base a gadroon border. On the neck similar scrolls in white on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 331. Height, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 12 DISH with narrow rim, painted in deep blue, turquoise, purple and green; in the centre a rosette enclosed by pointed oval frame, from which spring four flowering sprays; on the rim, twelve plain rosettes with crocuses between, reserved in a deep blue ground; on back a similar band of flowers on white. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. FRAME NO. 14 FRIEZE TILE, with design modelled in bold relief and painted in golden lustre and blue; a broad band of Neshky inscription on a back- ground of scrolls with trefoil buds; the upper part coved and with conventional arabesque ornament; along the bottom, a band of Neshky inscription in lustre. All the inscriptions are Koranic. Upper part imperfect. Persian, thirteenth century. Size, 19 x 1 7^ in. Lent by Mr. Vincent Robinson. FRAME NO. 15 FOUR TILES, deep blue glaze with large Neshky inscription in relief, gilt and outlined with red, the ground covered with thin scrollwork in white; along the lower edges a raised border with gilt and red lines. Persian, fourteenth century. Total length, 31^ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. FRAME NO. 16 TWELVE EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILES, coated with a dark blue glaze, and having in relief, with remains of gilding, a pattern of formal leaves and flowers, on a background of small spirals in white; the edges painted red. Persian, fourteenth century. Diameter of each tile, 8^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. FRAME NO. 17 SQUARE TILE, painted in blue with green. A large fritillary and spray of hyacinths (part of large design), reserved in white on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Size, 8 x 8|- in. Lent by Mr. E. St ebbing. FRAME NO. 18 SQUARE TILE, part of border of large design, painted in blue, green, and black ; portions of two lobed panels with flowers and ara- besques ; along the lower edge a scalloped border of blue pendants with white edges. Damascus, sixteenth century. Square, in. Lent by Mr. E. Stebbing. CASE I DAMASCUS On top of Case : LARGE BOWL, on foot, painted in blue with darker outlines, white ground; outside, characteristic floral scrolls with large conven- tional blooms; on the foot scrolls on blue ground. Inside, a central medallion with interlacing leaf scrolls on blue ground; from the edge proceed five scroll pendants, with ornament on blue ground touched with turquoise; between them, pointed ovals of floral scrolls and rosettes. Kutahian, sixteenth century. Diameter, \y\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 1 DISH with narrow rim and wavy edge, painted with bold sprays of hyacinth and other flowers in turquoise, blue and manganese on a deep blue mottled ground ; on rim, similar ground with symmetrical pattern of rosettes and crocus-like flowers reserved and coloured with turquoise and manganese; outside, a band of rosettes and crocuses. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 2 DISH, painted in delicate blues, and purple, with formal ornament com- posed of elegant scrolls derived from Chinese clouds. Through this run tendrils of floral scroll-work, with blooms in the spaces. Border of clouds, formed of spirals in black; on the back, sprigs and rosettes. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 338. Diameter, 141 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case I] DAMASCUS 45 3 DISH with shaped edge painted in blue, sage-green, manganese and turquoise; in the centre, two large pomegranate-shaped blooms enclosed by two sprays of blue and green, on which are six large blue blooms ; the ground has various sprays of pinks, etc. Border of green rosettes alternating with sprigs of fritillary between ara- besque scrolls. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15^- in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 DISH with narrow rim and wavy edge, painted with fritillaries and many-petalled flowers in purple, turquoise and green in a deep blue ground; on rim, rosettes and crocuses alternating on a blue ground; outside, a band of rosettes and crocuses. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 5 DISH with shaped edge; in the centre, a radiating design with four leaf-shaped panels in white enclosing formal flowers, and between them flowers and buds; on the sides, flowers and leaf-shaped panels alternating: on the rim, a running floral pattern reserved in white ; blue ground, the flowers painted in colours, chiefly tur- quoise, green and purple ; on the back, rosettes and fritillaries. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, \\\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 DISH, painted in blue, sage green and turquoise, with growing plants; six large blooms, of which two resemble pomegranates covered with scale pattern. In the middle a fritillary flower in blue; above, a large pear-shaped bloom with trellis-pattern and blue rosettes. On the back, green rosettes and fritillary sprigs. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE J DAMASCUS On top of Case : LARGE BOWL on foot, painted in blue, sage green, turquoise, and manganese. Outside, conventional flowers and leaves, the latter pale blue and green with turquoise centres. Inside, six pointed ovals enclosing black arabesques on turquoise ground, around a string of rosettes on blue ground. Each oval is bordered by two pairs of sprays of blue blossoms, with purple fritillaries at the base. In the centre a medallion with flowers on blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 16J in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. I DISH, with shaped edge. Painted in blue, sage green, and manganese, with a number of conventional blossoms, symmetrically arranged. In the centre, a cartouche-like bloom with serrated edges, and with a pomegranate-shaped centre, containing two crossed leaves, enclosed by two delicate sprigs of hyacinth. Border of clouds, formed of spirals. On the back, rosettes alternating with sprigs of fritillary, in blue and manganese. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH. Painted in brilliant colours, two blues, sage green, manganese, and turquoise. The design is symmetrical, with a large blue flower in the middle from which proceed two green and purple leaves. Below, on either side, other blooms, the lowest of which are hyacinths and fritillaries. Crossing the general design are two sprays of hyacinths in manganese. Border of eccentric clouds, etc. in blue and black spirals. On the back sprigs and rosettes in blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, \\\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case J] DAMASCUS 47 3 DISH, painted in bright blue, sage green and turquoise: large formal blooms, with crossing leaves with serrated edges partly hiding sage green blooms. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 DISH, painted in sage green and blue with turquoise details; growing plants with five large blooms, three of one kind, two of another; the latter appear to be spherical, with a granular surface, and over each passes a fritillary flower ; smaller flowers in the spaces. On the back, rosettes alternating with sprigs. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 DISH, with shaped edges painted in sage green; in the centre three bunches of grapes with leaves; around are eight formal sprigs ; border, overlapping scale work, etc. ; on the back, formal sprigs. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 5f- in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 6 DISH with shaped edge; in the centre and on the rim, flowers, fritil- laries, hyacinths etc, in turquoise, green, brown and white, on a deep blue ground : on the sides, flowers in colour on a white ground ; on back, rosettes and S-shaped ornaments in green and turquoise. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE K DAMASCUS On top of Case : LARGE BOWL, on foot, painted in blue, sage green, and turquoise. Outside, scrolls of flowers and leaves of the usual conventional character, the leaves sage green. Inside, six pointed-oval turquoise medallions with arabesques in green ; each is enclosed by two sprays of hyacinth; pendants between; in the centre a similar turquoise medallion. Damascus, sixteenth century. Fortnum and Huth Collections. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 533. Diameter, 1 71 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 1 DISH with shaped edge, painted in blue, manganese and sage green, with turquoise details. Three large blue formal blooms, four fritillaries and four sprays of hyacinth in manganese. Border oi conventional clouds in pale green and blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH, painted in white outline and in turquoise with flowers, formally arranged on a blue ground. In the centre a large plant with a circular head covered with scale pattern, across this is a fritillary in turquoise. Above, another, and on the right a pink. Around is a formal border of pinks, and beyond, another of fritillaries and eight foil blooms in pairs. On the back a border of floral scrolls. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14I in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 DISH with shaped edge, painted with flowers on a brilliant blue ground ; two large and four smaller blooms in white with manganese and turquoise centres; between them four fritillaries in turquoise. Border of fritillary sprigs alternating with turquoise rosettes, all on a blue ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14! in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case K] DAMASCUS 49 4 DISH with shaped edge painted in bright blue with manganese, sage green and turquoise. Three large blue formal blooms, two of them of aster type, three large fritillaries in manganese, a spray of hyacinth, etc. Border of formal spiral clouds. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 DISH with shaped edge ; painted in dark blue, sage green and manganese with turquoise, with flowering plants. Three large circular blooms with indented edges in blue with turquoise centres; the rest of the blooms are many-petalled, in manganese, blue and sage green; across the design pass two large serrated leaves; on the edge formal clouds, discoloured by smoke in the firing. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 DISH, with intense blue ground, on which are reserved in white sprays of flowers with turquoise details; four large pomegranate-like blooms, across the middle are two sprays of hyacinth (?) and a large serrated leaf ; at the top a single bloom of fritillary. On the back rosettes and sprigs. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, i5§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. H FRAME NO. 19 SQUARE TILE, part of edge of large design, painted in blue and tur- quoise with yellow. Tops of two cypresses with hanging lamp between, under an arch with twisted columns ; part of border on left side. Turkish, seventeenth century. Square, 9 in. Lent by Mr. E. Stebbing. FRAME NO. 20 SQUARE TILE, painted in deep blue and light green, with turquoise and purple; part of large design. Large serrated leaf, fritillary and pinks in white on blue ground ; at one side, part of large shaped panel with arabesques and flowers on green ground. Damascus, sixteenth century. Square, \o\ in. Lent by Mr. E. Stebbing. FRAME NO. 21 PANEL OF THREE TILES, painted in blue and green with turquoise, in each an oval lobed panel filled with arabesque ornament in white on blue ground; beyond, cloudlike scrolls in green. On either side a border of arabesque of green and white on blue ground. Damascus. Length, 2 ft. 11 in. Lent by Lady Davey. FRAME NO. 22 PANEL OF NINE TILES, painted in dark blue, green, and manganese. Two parrots at a fountain, from which spring sprays of hyacinth, fritillary, and pinks; on either side a cypress tree and a vine; at the bottom, a band of arabesque scrolls. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 2 ft. 7 in.; width, 2 ft. 5 in. Lent by Lady Davey. FRAME NO. 23 TWO SQUARE TILES, moulded in relief, and painted in golden brown lustre with blue and turquoise; along the upper edge, a broad frieze with arabesque floral ornament ; below, on each tile, a double trefoil arch enclosing Persian inscriptions (imperfect) ; in the span- drils, scrolls terminating in animals' heads; in the arches, arabesque scrolls. Persian, thirteenth century. Probably from Nattinz. Square, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Oppenheimer. FRAME NO. 24 TWO FRIEZE TILES, moulded in relief and covered with an intense blue glaze; a broad band of large Neshky inscription with a border at the top with a flight of phoenixes in Chinese style. Persian, fourteenth century. Size, i6f x 15 in. „ i6f x 1 1 in. Lent by Sir William Preece, K.C.B. CASE L DAMASCUS On top of Case : DISH, saucer-shaped, with imitation celadon green ground painted in white slip with blue dots; a cypress between floral sprays with birds ; interlacing border and blue edge. Persian, seventeenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 57. Diameter, 17^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 1 BOWL, painted in manganese, sage green, and turquoise, on a brilliant blue ground. Outside, eight quatrefoil panels containing blue sprigs, the ground with purple fritillaries and white many-petalled flowers. Inside, a circular medallion with white quatrefoil on blue ground with fritillaries, etc. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH with shaped edge, painted with flowers in dull blue, orange, and green, on a white ground. Two large serrated leaves in blue with white blooms, in the middle an elaborate formal flower in pale blue and orange; below, two similar flowers. Border of conventional spiral clouds in blue. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 DISH painted in blue, purple, and sage green with turquoise, five sprays of growing plants, including pinks, proceeding from one point, the leaves and stems green, the blooms purple or blue, with centres of other colours. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, icvjr in. Lent by Mr. Henry Oppenheimer. Case L] DAMASCUS 53 4 VASE with wide mouth and oviform body; painted in pale colours, blue, turquoise and neutral tint. Seven sprays of roses with undulating stems vertically disposed, the leaves in neutral tint. Border a scroll of similar design. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 12^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 DISH painted in delicate colours, with growing plants. Six blooms in blue of the pomegranate type with scale work. The rest consists of petalled blooms in manganese with turquoise centres. The leaves in dull green resemble those of roses. Turquoise rosettes on the back. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, ioj in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 JUG painted with a design of floral scrolls in black, over which is a brilliant glaze of deep turquoise. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., No. 6 # . Height, y% in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 DISH, painted in black; in the centre a circle surrounded by four pear- shaped medallions containing a rosette and formal flowers; the rest of the ground and the border ornamented with scrolls and spirals scratched through the black ground, the whole including the back covered with a brilliant turquoise glaze. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 4^ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 8 JUG, painted in black floral scrolls, over which is a turquoise glaze. Damascus, sixteenth century. Piot and Gerard Collections. Exhibited, 1897, Exposition Nationale de Ceramique (Section Retro- spective), No. 882. Height, y\ in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. CASE M DAMASCUS 1 DISH, with shaped edge; painted in blue and turquoise with sage green and touches of Rhodian red; plants springing from a common root, a blue fritillary and another red; blue hyacinths, composite blooms, etc. Border of spirals, and clouds in blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. W. G. Rawlinson. 2 BOWL, painted in blue and turquoise. Outside are eight pointed ovals with sixfoil rosettes on a turquoise ground; between, growing plants with sixfoil blooms reserved in white on a deep blue ground. Inside, a medallion, blue ground, three turquoise fritillaries, and two sprays of sixfoil flowers; zigzag border. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 if in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 BOTTLE, painted in blue and turquoise on a white ground; round the body, six blue cartouches with turquoise centres between sprays of flowers; around the shoulder, a band of blue with sprigs and tur- quoise cartouches; above, a diaper of shaped cartouches surrounded by sprays. Damascus, sixteenth century. Figured in colours in " Fortnum, Majolica, S. K. Museum," p. 25. Height, i6f in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 4 MOSQUE LAMP with three handles; base pierced; painted in bluish grey with a number of circular medallions with leaf edges, contain- ing interlacing designs in white; in the spaces, rosettes with over- lapping petals. Damascus, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 525. Height, 17^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case M] DAMASCUS 55 5 BOTTLE, painted in pale blue and turquoise, with turquoise knop; the body and neck decorated with sprigs of spotted fritillaries in white issuing from turquoise crescents; the ground blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 15^ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 6 TANKARD, painted in blue, green, and manganese, with symmetrically disposed ogee-shaped panels filled with formal ornament in green; between them, pendent cartouches on a bright blue ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 BOWL, painted in blue and sage-green with touches of turquoise. Out- side, floral scrolls with large oval blooms; borders of fritillaries and rosettes on blue ground. Inside, circular medallion with two large blooms, from which issue four sprigs with similar blooms; between them, pendants in blue with scale pattern; border of fritillaries and rosettes on blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 13 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 JUG, painted in deep blue with turquoise and manganese. Sprigs of fritillary in white, rosettes in turquoise, and trilobed ornaments in manganese on a ground of deep blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. FRAME NO. 25 PANEL OF FOUR TILES, painted in green, blue, turquoise, etc.; in the middle a shaped cartouche in rich green, on which in gold the name of "Allah" in Neshky characters; above and below trefoil border with flowers. Said to be from the Kaaba at Mecca. Turkish, seventeenth century. Size, 18 in. by 11^ in Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. FRAME NO. 26 PANEL OF FOUR TILES, painted in green, blue, turquoise, etc.; in the middle a shaped cartouche in rich green, on which in gold the name of Muhammad in Neshky characters; above and below trefoil border with flowers. Said to be from the Kaaba at Mecca. Turkish, seventeenth century. Size, 18 in. by 11^ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Mtiseum. CASE N RHODIAN On top of Cases N and O : DISH, painted in blue, green, and red. In the centre a conventional rose, with blue centre and green calix, within circles in black; on the outside six conventional roses, with green centres, between which are scrolled pendants in blue, and a shield-shaped ornament of leaves, in green on a red ground, surmounted by a coronet in blue, from which issue two branches in green. On either side the initials "n v — d l." Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15 in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. I DISH with narrow rim, painted in thick red, deep blue, and copper green; across the centre a panel with waved edge enclosing a green spray with red flowers, flanked by two sprays of similar flowers reserved in a blue ground ; on the rim five irregular scrolls reserved in white in a ground of cloud diaper in green and blue ; on back, formal ornaments. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH, painted in bright colours, green and red on a pale blue ground, symmetrical design of pinks, large leaves, fritillaries with red details; border of overlapping trefoils with red spots. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 if in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. 3 JUG, with coffee-coloured ground faintly marbled with black, and vertic- ally striped with white slip ; on the neck two white bands clouded with blue. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 1 \\ in.; diameter, 8f in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 1 58 RHODIAN [Case N 4 DEEP DISH: in centre, a large medallion with a deer, two hounds, birds, and foliage, reserved in a vivid green ground, and touched with blue and thick red ; border, pointed ovals in white, diagonally disposed, with half rosettes between ; the ground, blue above and green below; on back, formal ornaments. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 5 BOTTLE, painted in blue, green, and red, with turquoise knop. The body entirely covered with scalework in blue and green, divided by arabesques of red and white; on the shoulders bold gadroons in blue and white; the upper part of the neck ornamented like the body. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 564. Height, t8| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 DISH, painted in deep blue, red, and green. In the centre, a circular medallion, with deer, lion, etc., in white, on a deep blue ground ; border of clouds in spirals. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, n| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 BOTTLE, painted in blue, green, and red, with turquoise knop. The whole surface is covered with scalework in blue, alternating with red, divided from each other by archlike scrolls, with red orna- ment; on the shoulders ogee-shaped curves in white. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 566. Height, 17! in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 LARGE JUG, roughly painted in blue and green, with manganese ; the design consists of a number of feluccas, with blue sails, each having two cypresses on the stern; between them conventional rocks in green; on the neck, fish. Mouth imperfect and restored; metal handle. Rhodian, seventeenth century. Height, i6f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case N] RHODIAN 59 9 TWO QUADRANGULAR TILES, part of a large diaper pattern, painted in deep blue, red, and green. The design consists of serpentine bands in blue with white rosettes forming medallions, each enclosing a large conventional bloom, with blue serrated edges, between two sprays of hyacinth; from each bloom spring pairs of fritillaries or pinks. Turkish, sixteenth century. Size of each tile, 14 in. by 13 in. Lent by Rev. Herbert Bull. 10 MOSQUE LAMP, painted in blue, green, and red. Three handles, with three bosses between them, with cruciform design on a green ground. Round the neck three panels of laudatory inscription, between two borders of leaves, arranged cable-wise; around the body inscription and sprigs, invocations to Muhammad and the first four Khalifs ; below a band of panels filled with inscriptions in blue, being ch. xlviii, 1 and 2 of the Koran, between two guilloche borders. The bottom is pierced and ornamented with a rosette and quatrefoil border. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 12^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE O RHODIAN DISH, with shaped edge, painted in brilliant colours, blue and green, with red details. The centre covered with green scale-work, over which are two leaves in white, with serrated edges, in each a row of rosettes in red; a cartouche outlined in red, with blue scale-work, and halves of two others at the sides. Border of deep blue with white leaves, dotted with red. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. DISH, with wavy edge, painted in deep blue, thick red, and turquoise; in centre, a flower with feathery leaves within a leaf-shaped frame from which spring two sprays of similar flowers; on rim, a diaper of cloud scrolls with blue outlines broken by irregular reserves; outside, a band of rosettes and crocus-like flowers. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. TANKARD, painted in brilliant colours, with symmetrical arabesques on an intense blue ground ; the ornament outlined in red with white edges, and filled with turquoise. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 7 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. DISH with wavy edge; chocolate ground painted with slender sprays of fritillaries and forget-me-nots, the stems black, the flowers in slip, white and blue; same flowers symmetrically disposed on the rim; outside, a band of blue blossoms with black scrolls between; turquoise blue base. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. Case O] RHODIAN 61 5 BOTTLE, with globular body and long slender neck, with bulbous swelling in the middle; painted in thick red with a little blue and green, and black outlines; the ornament in three principal bands, a running band of dove-tailed palmettes on the body and upper part of neck, and a band of gadroons in green and white on lower part of neck; on the shoulders a formal pattern reserved in white in a red ground, and a band of leaf ornaments in blue with white palmettes in their centres. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, i4.h in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 5 JUG, painted in blue, green and red; the whole surface covered with overlapping scale pattern in blue and green, the two colours divided by large white leaves with serrated edges, and rows of red rosettes; between the leaves vertical cypresses in blue on green and counterchanged. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, of in. Lent by Mr. H. /. Pfungst. 7 DISH with narrow rim, painted in deep blue, thick red and green ; pattern of six tulip-shaped ornaments radiating from a central rosette, on a ground diapered with scale patterns in green, blue, and red; on rim, white leaf-shaped ornaments with red centres in a blue ground diapered with cloud scrolls : outside, a band of rosettes and crocuses. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 8 JUG, painted in brilliant colours, blue, green and red, with remains of oil gilding; on the body curved leaves alternating with roses fritillaries and pinks ; on the neck similar decoration on a smaller scale. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, in. Lent by Mr. Alfred Darby. g TANKARD, narrowing to the mouth; the whole surface covered with an open arabesque trellis in blue with red touches, inclosing car- touches with green ground; the ground of the whole vessel is red; angular cable borders at top and bottom. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 7§ in. Lent by Lord Justice Fletcher Moulton. RHODIAN [Case O PANEL OF SIX TILES, painted in blue and turquoise; in one a vase of pinks, in another serrated leaves; two others florial-diaper. Damascus, fifteenth century. Height, 2 ft.; width, i ft. 7 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. BOTTLE, painted in turquoise, red and black, with a number of animals, deer, hares, and two harpy figures in white on turquoise ground; on the shoulder vertical bands of overlapping discs on blue ground ; turquoise knop ; the upper part of the neck similarly ornamented to the body. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, i8| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE P RHODIAN On Wall over Case P : PANEL OF SIX OBLONG TILES, with a continuous scroll pattern painted in blue, turquoise, and green, with touches of purple. A meander scroll formed of large conventional leaves in turquoise, with serrated edges interlaced with an arabesque scroll containing formal design in green. The ground deep blue. Damascus, sixteenth century. Length, 65-^ in.; width, 5^ in. Lent by the Trustees of the late Mr. J. E. Taylor. On top of Case: SAUCER DISH, painted in red, green, and blue, with a large eight- pointed medallion with green and blue centre, with red cartouches in the petals. Border of radiating pendants on blue ground with red centres. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Huth Collection. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. H. J. Pfungst. 1 TANKARD, painted in red and blue, with green; formal ornament, consisting of a flower in red, enclosed in an arabesque line; zigzag borders at lip and base. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 6 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 2 LARGE BOWL, the outside covered with animals, pairs of harpies, and other monsters, on bright green ground; they are painted in outline with touches of blue and red. Inside, a medallion of similar design, and border of sprigs in panels. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Boy Collection, Paris. Diameter, 1 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 6 4 RHODIAN [Case P 3 TANKARD, contracting towards the mouth; painted in blue, orange, and green, with two zones of fritillaries and serrated leaves. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 396. Height, d\ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 JUG, in European silver mounts, painted in cloudy blue, and having in white, both on the body and neck, a number of fritillaries and serrated leaves, spotted with red. Silver gilt cover and foot rim embossed with cartouches and fruit, in the style of the latter half of the sixteenth century. Rhodian, sixteenth century. The mount probably Dutch. Height, \o\ in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 5 DISH, with shaped edge, painted in orange, white, sage green, and black on a lavender ground; in the centre a group of flowers springing from a common base; pinks between two sprays of white flowers, and two of pinks like the centre. Border of sprigs and arabesque pendants. On the back, lavender border with rosettes alternating with arabesques. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 13! in. Lent by Mr. Ralph Brocklebank. 6 JUG, in silver mounts. The jug is painted in blue, orange, and green; on the body sprays of orange hyacinths, with blue medallions having white rosettes in the centres. The mounts are in silver- gilt, embossed with bunches of fruit and lion masks; thumb-piece with winged figure and mount continuing down handle to join that on the foot. London date, letter for 1592, and maker's mark, " 1 . h . ," the same as that of the mounts of No. 7. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 10 in. Lent by the Earl of Dysart. 7 JUG, with cover, in English silver mounts of the year 1586. The jug is decorated with gadrooned lines alternately full green, with a black line, and white with a blue line; flat cover with radiating design in colour, probably cut from the centre of a dish. Maker's stamp, I.H., in a shaped shield. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 10 in. Lent by Sir Samuel Montagu, Bart. Case P] RHODIAN 65 8 BOTTLE, painted with feluccas, reserved in white on a green ground, the hulls coloured blue and black, the spaces between with flowers and conventional rocks, touched with red; turquoise knop, below which pendants with red lines ; above, feluccas as on the body. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, i6f in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 9 LARGE JUG, delicately painted in brilliant colours on a white ground. The decoration consists of four pointed ovals formed of pairs of serrated green leaves edged with red, enclosing pairs of sprays of red rosettes, while the centre is formed of a conventional medallion of serrated blue leaves containing a white sprig on a red ground. The neck is similarly ornamented on a smaller scale. Snake-like handle. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Huth Collection. Height, 12 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 10 BOTTLE, painted with animals reserved in white on a brilliant green ground, touched with red and blue; blue knop; on the body lions, hares, birds, and harpies; below the knop hanging pendants with green lines; above decoration similar to the body. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, i6f in. Lent by the Victoria and Albert Museum. 11 VASE for flowers, the shoulder pierced to receive the stems, painted in brilliant red, blue, and green, with crossing sprays of fritillaries and pinks; the foot has a gadroon border in red, with white edges, on the bottom in blue the mark Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. Note. — This mark is only known to occur on one other specimen, which is in the British Museum. See Fortnum, " Majolica, S. K. Museum," p. 1 3. 12 PANEL OF FOUR SQUARE TILES, painted in gray blue with a symmetrical pattern of arabesque scrolls. Probably Syrian, sixteenth century. From the Mosque of Omar, in Jerusalem. Size, 14^ in. square. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. K RHODIAN [Case P 3 DISH, painted in red and green on a pale blue ground. The lion and sun of Persia, the former reserved in white; over the field formal sprigs of flowers in colour. Border of clouds in blue, with touches of green. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Huth Collection. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 342. Diameter, 1 5f in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 JUG (handle wanting) painted with feluccas on a green ground; in the spaces, conventional rocks touched with red. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 7| in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. CASE Q RHODIAN Top of Cases Q and R : DISH with shaped edge, painted in blue and turquoise. In the centre a conventional floral medallion; around, two rows of S shaped arabesques, with smaller designs between. Damascus, sixteenth century. Diameter, 15 in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. I DISH, painted in brilliant colours, green and blue with red. Cruciform design, outlined in red, with red and blue rosette in centre ; the rest of the cross filled with scale pattern on green; ground, the same pattern in blue. Border, clouds formed of spirals in blue, touched with green. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, \ \\ in. Lent by Mr. W. G. Rawlinson. 2 CIRCULAR DISH on foot, covered with a lavender blue glaze; in the centre, a circular medallion with floral scrolls, with five large blooms, four smaller, and a number of small red ones; around and outside, sprigs with similar large blooms. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 10^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 BOTTLE, the body covered with a diaper of formal clouds in green; on the neck, vertical red lines enclosing rows of shaped spots in blue and green; blue knop. (Neck restored.) Rhodian, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 431. Height, i4§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 68 RHODIAN [Case Q 4 DISH, with wavy edge; dull orange ground painted in dull green and pale blue with rosettes on white slip. In the centre a circular medallion with scrolls and five rosettes; around, sprigs with two rosettes in each; border of rosettes and scrolls. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 5 TANKARD, painted in blue and green with red, and traces of oil gilding; the whole surface is covered with scalework alternately blue and red, divided by curved leaves in white with serrated edges ; sprigs between at the base. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 6 JUG, painted in blue and green with red on the body ; elegant scroll-work of formal leaves in blue on a pale green ground ; round the neck a band of gadroons in red with white outlines. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Huth Collection. Height, 9 in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. 7 DISH, painted in brilliant blue black, with details in red, and enriched with oil gilding. The design represents a growing plant with curved leaves serrated at the edges, and with red spots along the middle; ground of black spirals; cloud border formed of spirals in blue ; sprigs on back. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 3^ in. Lent by Mr. W. G. Rawlinson. 8 JUG, painted with leaves and flowers reserved in white on blue ground, and with rows of red spots. On the body a serrated leaf and a pomegranate-shaped bloom alternately, below flowers with four petals, all springing from the base; on the neck similar ornaments on a smaller scale. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8f in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. Case Q] RHODIAN 69 9 JUG, with turquoise ground, diapered with cloud-like ornaments reserved in white and studded with dots of thick red ; on the shoulder is a band of gadroons alternately blue and white, the latter having a red centre; formal ornament on lip and handle. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, io£ in.; diameter, 7 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 10 PANEL OF SIX TILES, painted in blue and turquoise, with a bold design of conventional flowers. Upper border of pendants in green, with conventional flowers in white. Damascus, sixteenth century. Height, 2 ft.; width, 1 ft. 7 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 11 LARGE BOWL on foot, with cover painted in blue, red, and green, on a vermicular background in black. On the body and cover, large serrated leaves, from which spring various flowers. Between are diagonal panels outlined in red, on each two lines of Turkish poetry in Neshky character in black. On the foot a band of trefoil pendants and rosettes on a red ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 14! in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Note. — The presence of the Turkish inscription on this piece first suggested to the late Sir A. W. Franks the improbability of the ware being of Persian make. CASE R RH O D I AN I DISH, with narrow rim; painted in brilliant colours, thick red, deep blue, and copper green; in centre, a pointed oval panel with three fritillaries in a red ground; from this spring four serrated leaves with a row of red rosettes down the centre, blue ground between ; beyond these two bulbous ornaments in a green ground ; on the rim, five S-shaped scrolls in a blue ground diapered with green cloud, scrolls, and leaves; on back, formal ornaments. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 FLAT DISH, with narrow edge; bright blue ground with scrolls, having seven many-petalled flowers in white, with red and green centres; in the centre, a large rosette with green centre in gadroons and white edging with red spots. Border with trefoils on blue ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 \ \ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 DISH, with narrow rim; the central ornament reserved in a turquoise ground, and coloured with blue and thick red; sprays of flowers and long feathery leaves, in the midst of which a pheasant. On rim, a cable pattern with blue outlines and red centres; outside, a band of alternate flowers and fruit. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. George Salting. 4 TANKARD of unusually large size; salmon-coloured ground; ornamented with eight tall sprays of flowers ; cinquefoil blooms alternately white and light blue ; subsidiary sprigs at base ; scroll borders of deep brown. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 1 \\ in. Lent by Lord Justice Fletcher Moulton. Case R] RHODIAN 7i 5 BOTTLE painted in blue, green, and red; on the body a number of feluccas with white sails on bright green ground, between them conventional rocks in red; on the shoulder, vertical bands with overlapping disks alternately on red and blue ground; blue knop; the neck ornamented like the body. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Huth Collection. Height, 17I in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. 6 DISH, painted in green, orange and black; a circular medallion, with five lions reserved in white on a green ground, with conventional rocks and scrolls in red; border of overlapping trefoils, with orange spots. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 12 in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. 7 BOTTLE painted in blue, rich green, and red; on the body conven- tional floral scroll work in white, green, and red on blue ground; on shoulder a border of pendants in white and red on green; neck restored. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 16^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 JUG, painted in bright blue, green, and red, with gadrooned bands con- taining cinquefoil blooms in white on a blue ground, alternating with white bands with a green line down the middle; round the base a band of similar blooms on a red ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8| in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 9 PANEL OF FOUR SQUARE TILES, painted in blue, green, and red; in each a medallion edged with serrated leaves, the centre filled with a conventional floral design; from each medallion spring scrolls giving the effect of a quatrefoil. Rhodian, seventeenth century. 20 in. square. Lent by Mr. Frank Dillon. RHODIAN [Case R HOLLOW BALL for a mosque lamp, painted in brilliant colours, red, deep blue, and turquoise with green ; one half only (the lower) is ornamented, the rest plain white. The design springs from a quatrefoil of turquoise enclosing elaborate conventional blooms in bright colours ; beyond are symmetrical arabesques and similar blooms on an intense blue ground. Border of trefoils in turquoise. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Exhibited at B.F.A.C., 1885, No. 373. Diameter, 11^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. JUG, painted in red and blue, ornamented with vertical bands; the ground red with overlapping trefoils, alternating with cinquefoil blooms on a blue ground; a band round the neck with red and green pendants. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 9^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. FRAME NO. 27 TILE from a prayer niche, moulded in relief with an arch, and painted in golden lustre, dark blue and turquoise. In the arch and around it Neshky inscriptions, being, in the former, ascriptions of praise, in the latter, Koran, chap, xcvii ; in the tympanum, scrolls; on the spandrils Kufic inscriptions; around the extreme edge Neshky inscriptions in lustre, being Koran, chap, lxxvi. t Persian, middle of the thirteenth century. Height, 28 in.; width, 19 in. Lent by Mrs. Dillwyn Parrisk. L CASE S RHODIAN On top of Case: DISH painted in blue; in the middle a shaped panel with large orna- mental inscription in Arabic in Neshky characters on white ground, viz., " Said the ambassador of God the blessing of God be upon him and peace. Hussein is for me and I am for Hussein." Around formal scrolls in somewhat Chinese style and a hatched edge. Persian, late sixteenth century. Diameter, 16 in. Lent by Mr. W. Harding Smith. 1 BOWL, painted in blue and green with red ; the decoration consists entirely of scale work in the several colours, divided from each other by elegant arabesque scrolls; in the bottom a medallion of similar ornament. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 5 in. Lent by Mr. C. H. Read. 2 SMALL DISH painted in bright blue, red, and green, with a formal arrangement of sprigs of sixfoil blooms, three in a group; narrow scalloped borders of blue, with red spots; on the back four fritil- lary sprigs alternating with rosettes. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 7^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 BOWL on foot; bright turquoise ground with formal leaf scrolls, reserved in white with red touches. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 5f in. Lent by Mr. F. D, Godman. 4 SAUCER DISH, coarsely painted in black, green, red and blue, with a three-masted ship; green masts, blue reefed sails, high poop; zig- zag border. Rhodian, seventeenth century. Diameter, if in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. Case S] RHODIAN 75 5 PLATE OF ITALIAN FORM, painted with wild animals in blue on a vivid green ground. In the centre a tiger-like creature fighting a serpent. On the border the tigers, deer, monstrous creatures with groups of black streaks to indicate vegetation. On the back, sprigs and rosettes in blue. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 9 J in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. TANKARD, painted in red, blue, and green; around the body four conventional birds in blue and green with red legs; above and below blue tabs with green spot in each; borders at top and bottom of pointed ovals arranged diagonally on a red ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 9 in. Lent by Mr Hmry Wallis 7 SAUCER DISH, painted in blue and green. In the centre a circular medallion with bright red ground, on which, in white, is a sym- metrically arranged growing plant of the daisy family ; below, large green leaves with serrated edges. Border of eleven white lobes, each with a green centre and red spot ; ground deep blue. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14I in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 8 DISH, painted in blue with touches of turquoise and red; the centre is filled with a group of flowers, fritillaries alternating with pinks, with a six-petalled flower in the middle, all diverging from a common root; the stalks and leaves in turquoise; border of clouds in blue formed of spirals. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1 in. Lent by Mr. W. G. Rawlinson. 9 JUG, painted with formal leaves in black outline on a turquoise ground; round the neck a band of gadroons alternately red and blue with white edges. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 91 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. RHODIAN [Case S DISH, painted in green, with black, red, and blue. The centre filled with an interlacing arabesque design producing the effect of a quatrefoil; outlined in black, with touches of red and blue on a bright green ground. Border of spiral cloud design. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. W. G. Rawlinson. TANKARD, painted in blue, red and green; around the body sprays of formal roses and fritillaries, alternating with curved leaves; sprigs at the base. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. DISH, saucer-shaped; painted in colours, deep and light blue, thin red, green, purple, and brown, with radiating pattern of conventional flowers springing from a central rosette; between the points of the design are six triangular cartouches edged with formal leaves; narrow border of running leaf scroll in brown; on back, six rosettes with groups of leaves between. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 1 inches. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. CASE T RHODIAN 1 BOWL, painted in red and blue, with green; inside and out are sprigs of fritillary in red, alternating with blue lanceolate leaves with serrated edges; blue medallion with wheel design in bottom. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 7§ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 2 DISH, painted in blue, vivid green and red; in the centre, a conventional bloom of intense red, with blue and green centre; around, con- ventional flowers arranged scroll fashion. A narrow wavy border in blue. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 3 BOWL, on foot (no cover), painted in brilliant green, blue and red. Formally arranged groups of five conventional flowers in blue and green, with red spots; between them are arabesque pendants in red and blue. In the bottom, pinks and fritillaries. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 5^ in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 4 DISH, with narrow edge; bright red ground with a growing plant with cinquefoil blooms reserved in white with blue centres; at the bottom, two fritillaries; narrow border of trefoils on blue ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, i2§ in. Lent by Mr. H.J. Pfungst. 5 DISH roughly painted in blue and green with black outlines; in the centre a felucca showing three sails in blue; below, brilliant green with fish; border an arabesque zigzag. Rhodian, late sixteenth century. Diameter, i if in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. 78 RHODIAN [Case T 6 DISH, painted in vivid green and red, with blue, with growing roses and hyacinths, on a white ground. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. 7 DISH with shaped edge, painted in delicate colours; blue, red, and green. In the middle various flowers, roses, fritillaries, etc., springing from a common root: border of spiral clouds. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, \2\ in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. 8 DISH, painted in somewhat heavy colours, red, blue, green, and black; sprays of flowers and leaves, three large formal roses, a spray of blue hyacinth, etc. Border of spiral clonds in black. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 14^ in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. 9 TANKARD, painted in green and blue with spots of red. The decora- tion is in three zones; in the middle an interlacing design: above and below Vandykes filled with half rosettes. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 8 in. Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. 10 DISH, painted in brown, red, blue and green; in the centre a panther attacking an antelope, in the background a rose, fritillary, pink, etc. ; border of spirals alternating with scrolls. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Diameter, 1 if in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. FRAME NO. 28 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in brown lustre and blue. In the middle a radiating design of formal flowers in brown. On the edge a band of Neshky inscription in white, with lustre out- lines and blue ground, with the date a.h. 707 = a.d. 1307. Persian, a.d. 1307. Diameter, 8 in. Lent by Mr. W. Harding Smith. FRAME NO. 29 FRIEZE TILE, moulded in relief; deep blue glaze, with scrolls in white. Large Neshky inscription in relief; along the top a band with formal flowers, once covered with leaf gold. The inscription and flowers both outlined in red. The inscription reads: " And may God bless him," a common invocation after the mention of Muham- mad's name. Persian, fourteenth century. Height, 13 in.; width, i2|-in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. FRAME NO. 30 EIGHT-POINTED STAR TILE, painted in brown lustre, blue, and turquoise. In the middle a running gazelle in turquoise, with a formal plant in deep blue on a ground of floral scrolls in lustre. On the edge a band of Neshky inscription, translated as follows: "Since, my friend, you have come to the decision to travel, my heart is satisfied . . . whatever misfortune may happen . . . my heart is a running stream." Persian, early thirteenth century. Figured in Wallis's "Persian Ceramic Art," 1894, pi. xxv, 2. Diameter, 8^ in. Lent by Mr. W. Harding Smith. FRAME NO. V TILE, eight-pointed star, moulded in relief and painted in brown lustre and blue; in the centre a flying bird among formal flowers, on the edge a line of Neshky inscription on blue ground. Persian, fourteenth century. Diameter, 7^ in. ? (edges under frame). Lent by Mr. Henry Wallis. FRAME NO. 32 PORTION OF WALL TILE, with formal floral design in brilliant colours, blue, red, and green; in one corner part of a panel of arabesque scrolls. Rhodian, sixteenth century. Height, 9^ in.; width, 7§ in. Lent by Mr. A. Casella. FRAME NO. 33 PORTION OF A TILE, painted in black outline with a bust, the hair washed gray, cloak deep blue, the collar red; over each shoulder a flower. Persian, early seventeenth century. Diameter, 6f in. Lent by Mr. Vincent Robinson. TABLE CASE ANCIENT PERSIAN No. i CRUCIFORM TILE, painted in golden brown lustre, with scroll pattern on vermicular ground. Border of Neshky writing, being Koran, chap, i and xviii, no etc. Persian, about 1260. Probably from Veramin. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. No. 2 CRUCIFORM TILE, painted in golden brown lustre, with floral pattern on vermicular ground; a quatrefoil in the centre. Border of Neshky writing, being Koran, chap, xcvii and cxiii. Persian, about 1260. Probably from Veramin. Diameter, 1 2 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. No. 3 GROUP OF FOUR TILES, two cruciform, two star-shaped; painted in dark brown lustre, the two latter with turquoise. On each of these, four animals with flowers, on vermicular ground ; on each of the star-tiles two animals on similar grounds, with cypress and outlines in turquoise; borders of Neshky writing, being Persian poetry. Persian, middle of thirteenth century. Diameter, 8 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. No. 4 FOUR STAR-TILES, painted in golden lustre with blue. On two of them a young woman seated, on one a man playing a guitar, on the fourth a seated hare. All have floral backgrounds and blue geometrical borders. Persian, thirteenth century. Diameter, 5 in. Lent by Mr. F. D. Godman. M CHISWICK PRESS: CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. ■84- 53)'St>9