\ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/calendarofmanusc01grea_1 HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION. CALENDAR OF THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE Most HonAtHE MARQUIS OF SALISBURY, KG., ^ — &c. &c. &c. PRESERVED AT HATFIELD HOUSE, HERTFORDSHIRE. PART I. $rt*mtcfc to fcofy fàauieà at parliament fcn Coinmanto of $er ^ajrsftg. LONDON: PRATED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE, PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN*S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from EYRE and SPOTTISWOODE, East Harding Street, Fleet Street, E.C., and 32, Abingdon Street, Westminster, S.W.; or JOHN MENZIES & Co., 12, Hanover Street, Edinburgh, and 90, West Nile Street, Glasgow; or HODGES, FIGGIS, & Co., Limited, 104, Grafton Street, Dublin. 1883. [C— 3777.] Price Three Shillings and Fivepence. HISTOEICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION. CALENDAR OF THE MANUSCRIPTS OF THE Most Hon. THE MARQUIS OF SALISBURY, K.G., &c. &c. &c. PRESERVED AT HATFIELD HOUSE, HERTFORDSHIRE. PART I. prrtfentetf t0 ïiatï) fâaxtéeii ai parliament ïig Command ai fâtt ifêla|aStg. LONDON: PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE, PRINTERS TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from EYRE and SPOTTISWOODE, East Harding Street, Fleet Street, E.C., and 32, Abingdon Street, Westminster, S.W. ; or JOHN MENZIES & Co., 12, Hanover Street, Edinburgh-, and 90, West Nile Street, Glasgow; or HODGES, FIGGIS, & Co., Limited, 104, Grafton Street, Dublin. 1883. Price Three Shillings and Fivepence. [O— 3777.] INTRODUCTION It has been observed by an eminent historian that amongst the treasures which a great nation should hold to be most precious are the original and authentic materials of its own history. The Cecil Manuscripts preserved in the Library of Hatfield House, although forming a private collection, may indeed be justly regarded in the light of a national treasure. Their value is not to be described by the mere statement that they contri- bute to the elucidation of one of the most remarkable epochs in English History ; no complete narrative of the period to which they relate could be constructed without their aid. They represent in fact a detached portion of the State correspondence during the memorable administration of Sir William Cecil, afterwards Lord Burghley, and of his son the first Earl of Salisbury, without which the national muniments would exhibit a very imperfect record of the transactions of those stirring times. Some account of the manner in which the State Papers of that period became distributed will not perhaps be considered out of place, inasmuch as it will serve at once to show the supreme importance of the Cecil Papers at Hatfield as a connecting link in the chain of historical evidence, and also to point out the principal collections to which reference should be made for the completion of the Burghley correspondence. Prior to the establishment of the State Paper Office, originally called the " Office of Her Majesty's Papers for business of State " and Council," which took place in the year 1578, each of the Principal Secretaries of State — of whom, since the passing of the Statute of Precedence in the 31st year of Henry the Eighth, there were always two, and occasionally three — had the custody of the papers and correspondence accruing in his own department, their future destination depending in great measure " upon accident, " upon the care or negligence of the individual or of his clerks, " and above all, upon the good or evil fate which awaited the " Secretary when he resigned his Seals." Thus, on the death or resignation of a Secretary of State, the correspondence accumulated u 84066. Wt. 13998. a 2 iv by him was frequently broken up and dispersed, many valuable documents being entirely lost, and others finding their way into the hands of private individuals. Extensive collections of such scattered papers were made by Sir Robert Cotton in the reign of James the First, by Sir J oseph Williamson in that of Charles the Second, and by Robert Harley, afterwards Earl of Oxford, towards the close of the seventeenth century. Two of these, the Cottonian and Harleian collections, now form part of the Library of the British Museum ; whilst the collection of Sir Joseph Williamson, having been placed by its originator in the State Paper Office, is now amalgamated with the series of Domestic State Papers in the Public Record Office. On the other hand, much of the correspondence relating to affairs of State remained undisturbed in the possession of the representatives of those noblemen or statesmen to whom it was originally addressed. In the Letters Patent, dated 15 March 1609-10, appointing Levinus Muncke and Thomas Wilson to be " Keepers and Regis- " trars of the Papers and Records concerning Matters of State " and Council," especial reference is made to "the careful endea- " vours of Robert Earl of Salisbury, our Principal Secretary and " our High Treasurer of England, to reduce all such papers, as H well those that heretofore remained in the custody of Sir Thomas " Lake, Knight, being the papers of some of the Principal Secre- " taries of our Predecessors, as also some such papers as he shall " think fit to depart with, being either such as he hath collected " of his own times, or such as were left to him from his late " father the Lord Burleigh, then Lord High Treasurer of " England, into a set form or library, in some convenient place " within our palace of Whitehall, to be at all times the readier " for our use and for the use of any of our Principal Secretaries " hereafter, for the better enabling them to do us service." On the death of the Earl of Salisbury, in 1612, a Warrant was accordingly issued directing his papers to be delivered up to the said Levinus Muncke and Thomas Wilson, and in a subsequent Memorial by Thomas Wilson, made apparently about the year 1613, [State Paper Office Documents, Vol. 1. No. 12.] it is stated that there were at that time two sorts of papers in the State Paper Office, " those that have been long kept at Whitehall, " and those brought from Salisbury House by himself since the " Lord Treasurer's decease, which were far the greater in number." V Notwithstanding this transfer, however, a large mass of papers comprising, in addition to a great number of drafts and private memoranda, original Letters and Papers of the highest interest and importance, appears to have been retained by the Secretaries of the late Lord Treasurer, one portion of which is now preserved in the Library of Hatfield House, the other having found its way after a number of vicissitudes into the Lansdowne Collection of MSS. in the British Museum, of which, under the title of (t Burghley Papers," it forms a most important division, its description occupying the whole of the first portion of the printed catalogue of the Lansdowne MSS. It will therefore be seen that there are, in addition to the Cottonian and Harleian Collections, three leading groups of State Papers to which the student should refer for the corres- pondence dealing with the fascinating period comprised in the administration of Lord Burghley and of his successor, the infor- mation contained in which is so inextricably interwoven that the draft of a letter is frequently found in one collection, the letter itself in another, and the reply in the third. Several instances have indeed occurred in which the portion of a document pre- served in one collection has found its continuation and completion in another. The first of these groups, the series of Domestic State Papers preserved in the Public Record Office, is rendered accessible to the student by the printed Calendars of State Papers issued under the direction of the Master of the Rolls ; the second group, the "Burghley Papers" in the British Museum, are, as has been already stated, described in the printed catalogue of the Lansdowne Collection. The third, and equally important group, consisting of the " Cecil Papers," preserved in the Library at Hatfield, is now for the first time fully described in the present Calendar. A list of the Cecil Papers appeared in former Reports of the Commissioners on Historical Manuscripts, and, although merely an enumeration of the documents without any attempt at description, it occupied not fewer than 280 printed columns. The collection was then pronounced by such an eminent authority as the late Professor Brewer to be " perhaps the largest, certainly the most u valuable, of any private collection in this kingdom." The access so liberally granted to the Hatfield Archives at all times by their noble owner had already secured for them a wide- vi spread fame, and the increased interest awakened by the above- mentioned list strengthened the desire of the Commissioners to publish a Calendar of the entire collection. To this course the Marquis of Salisbury gave a ready and generous consent, and the first portion of the Calendar is now issued. The Cecil Manuscripts consist of upwards of 30,000 documents, the great majority of which are bound up in 210 large volumes. Many of these papers have been discovered in quite recent times, through researches instituted by the late, and also by the present Marquis. The collection may be divided into two classes, the first of which comprises Grants from the Crown, Privy Seals, and other Records of a strictly legal character, together with various illuminated manuscripts, theological treatises, rolls of genealogy, common-place books, plans, charts, &c. The second consists of documents of a more directly historical nature, as State Papers, Treaties, Despatches, correspondence of public personages, and political memoranda. The Commissioners on Historical Manu- scripts have expressed an opinion that the value and extent of the correspondence, "to which every person of any note at the time " contributed, may be judged by the fact, that scarcely a day " passes in any year from the accession of Edward VI. to the " close of the century, which does not produce one or more " letters connected with passing events, and generally from those " whose rank and position enabled them to furnish the most " correct and authentic intelligence. In these papers the history " of the times writes itself off from day to day, and almost from " hour to hour, with the minuteness of a daily journal, but with u a precision to which no ordinary journal could make any " pretence." The papers of Lord Burghley illustrate the times from the beginning of his ministry, on the accession of Queen Elizabeth, to his death in 1598. Those of his son, Sir Robert Cecil (afterwards the first Earl of Salisbury), supply similar materials from the close of his father's ministry to that of his own, which terminated by his death in 1612. The Papers of the Earl of Essex and of Sir Walter Raleigh, which have been considered to belong to Sir R,obert Cecil's collection, are also preserved at Hatfield House. A selection of the more important State Papers amongst the Cecil Manuscripts, extending from the year 1542 to the year vii 1570 inclusive, was published in 1740 by the Reverend Samuel Haynes, Vicar of Hatfield, a continuation of his work by the Reverend Wm. Murdin in 1759 bringing the date of the papers so published down to the year 1596. Many documents amongst the Cecil Papers have also been printed by Lodge in his Illus- trations of English History, and by other historical writers. It may, however, be here remarked that, in addition to the papers already published in the collections above alluded to, 1,140 documents belonging to the comparatively short period embraced by the present volume are now described and calen- dared for the first time. The portion of the calendar now issued extends from the earliest date represented in the Cecil Manu- scripts, viz. 1306, to the close of the year 1571. There are, however, very few documents of a date earlier than the reign of Henry the Eighth, the reigns of Elizabeth and James the First being those which receive the fullest elucidation from these in- valuable manuscripts. With these introductory remarks we may now direct attention to some of the most noteworthy documents calendared in the following pages. Two holograph letters of Cardinal Wolsey to his former servant and secretary, Stephen Gardiner, are given in extenso on pp. 6, 7. They are of special and unique interest, and bear the endorsement " These be 1res written w* the Cardinalles own hand after his fall." A very different document, signed by the same hand, is a despatch. 64 pages long, dated Feb. 1528, and addressed to Gardiner and Foxe. This forms their Instructions with reference to Henry's divorce, and speaks in highly eulogistic terms of Anne Boleyn. At Hatfield also are the original depositions respecting the mar- riage of Henry Y III. with Anne of Cleves, printed in Strype's Ecclesiastical Memorials. The chronic disorder and tumult of the Borders is vividly depicted during the years 1542-4, in the correspondence between the Privy Council and the Earl of Hert- ford ; and when the latter, as commander of the English forces, carried the war into the south parts of Scotland, and laid waste the whole country as far as Edinburgh, burning the capital itself, and many other towns and villages, we have minute accounts of the terrible devastation he wrought. Both the Earl of Hertford, and Viscount Lisle, the Admiral of the English fleet, are heartily thanked by the King and Privy Council for their " wise, manly, viii " and discrete handling " of the charge committed to them. Early in 1544, Sir William Paget had informed the Earl of Henry's opinion, that it would be well for such as made raids into Scotland, when they had despoiled any towns or states, to leave a written notice on the church door, or some other notable place therein, in the following or similar words, " Youe may thank your Cardinal " of this, for if he had not bene, youe myght have bene in quiet " and rest, for the contrary whereof he hath travailed as moche " as can be, to bring you to sorow and trowble." Even after the " good success " of the English arms, Lord Hertford's instructions were that he should " not f orbeare by the way to burn and spoyle " in his journey, without respect to whome the places shall apper- " tayne." Four days later, the Scots were reported, " of their " naturall stoberness and arrogancie," to be preparing to assemble their forces against the 24th of the same month (May 1544), and peace was not concluded without further fighting of a desul- tory nature, extending over several months. A holograph letter of Prince Edward to Henry VIII., written in Latin, although the Prince was then only about eleven years old, will be found on p. 47. The gross frauds on the revenue, per- petrated at the Bristol Mint, are revealed in the examinations and confessions of its Master, Sir William Sharington. The extra- ordinary conduct of Lord Admiral Seymour towards the Princess Elizabeth at Hatfield, is described in the well-known statements of the Princess herself, of her governess Mrs. Ashley, of her cofferer Thomas Parry, and others. Some characteristic details about Bishop Bonner are furnished by the examinations of William Seth, who was imprisoned on a charge of bringing from Paris into England, " a barrel of Dr. Smith's most false and detestable a books." Seth confesses to have brought over the books, some letters, and " two painted papers of the image of Luther/' one of which he determined to have given Bonner. Two holograph letters of Bishop Hooper, addressed to Sir William Cecil, and dated respectively February 2 and July 20, 1553, are of singular pathos, and confirm the high character borne by the Reformer for zeal and fidelity in the discharge of his episcopal functions. In the Manuscripts belonging to Edward VI.'s reign may be found the Articles of the Church of England, as set out by the King, signed by him, and endorsed " K. Edward his confession of his " religion." In the same series is also Bishop Ridley's " Canones ix y de modo concionandi," signed, " Your Highness Chaplain Nie : « London." On pp. 127-132 is given a very curious Inventory, being an account of apparel, furniture, jewels, plate, &c, in the Palace at Westminster, made by its late Keepers, Sir Andrew Dudley and Arthur Sturton. Attention must also be called to an interesting document headed, "Considerations delivered to " the Parliament, 1559." This is printed in extenso in the Calendar, and contains some singular proposals relating to the social and commercial state of the country. The various matters dwelt upon are classed under twenty-four heads. Under that of " Vagabonds," we read, " That the statute 1 Edward VI. chap, iii., " concerning idle persons and vagabonds being made slaves, now " repealed, be revived, with additions." Under the head of " Merchants " comes this proposal, " No merchant to purchase " above 501. a year of inheritance, except aldermen and sheriffs " of London, who, because they approach to the degree of " knighthood, may purchase to the value of 200£." Under the head of " Schoolmasters " we have these words, " None under the " degree of baron to keep any schoolmaster in his house to teach 7 children, for it is the decay of the universities and common " schools." One further instance of the proposals may be given in the following, " That none study the laws, temporal or civil, " except he be immediately descended from a nobleman or " gentleman, for they are the entries to rule and government, and generation is the chiefest foundation of inclination." With respect to Sir William Cecil himself, not only is his guiding influence in all the home and foreign policy of England abundantly illustrated, but many details of his private life are revealed, his friendships, his literary tastes (especially in the way of genealogical research), his journal, and even matters relating to his household, the liveries of his servants, the stock of materials in his bakehouse, pantry, brewhouse, kitchen, &c, the sheep on his farms, the extent of his estates, together with many other particulars. The progress of events on the Continent is minutely chronicled in the newsletters sent, chiefly to Sir William Cecil, by the English Ambassadors accredited to the various European Courts, and by his agents abroad (especially by Christopher Mundt, Queen Elizabeth's agent in Germany). Among the former are several illustrious names. Sir Thomas Challoner, author states- X man, and soldier, who had seen fighting in Algiers under Charles V., and in Scotland under Somerset, was employed by Mary, and after the accession of Elizabeth, was sent as ambassador to Cam- bray, to Brussels, and to Spain. Sir John Mason, whose able despatches are full of interesting gossip, served as Ambassador to Henry II. of France and to the Emperor Charles V. Sir Nicholas Throckmorton's despatches from France show the high talent and courage of their author, qualities not so evident in his colleague and successor Sir Thomas Smith. Besides these must be mentioned Sir Richard Morysine, Ambassador to Brussels, and Sir Thomas Chamberlain, who filled a like capacity both at Brussels and in Spain. Sir Thomas Gresham gives in his letters minute details of the financial and commercial operations that he conducted in the Low Countries for Elizabeth, with marked ability and success. The Queen, in her dealings with foreign powers, leant in no small measure to a policy of covert inter- ference, for the purpose of exciting and fomenting disturbances ; but, with all the Roman Catholic States of Europe intriguing against her, she was left small freedom of action. As regards the principalities in Germany, which were quite ready to fight on her side against France and Spain on the basis of liberal payment, Elizabeth negotiated with them in order to arouse among her enemies the fear of a general Protestant league, but never came to any terms with the States themselves. These remarks are borne out by the letters of her ambassadors and agents abroad which appear in this Calendar. In along and important letter to the Emperor of Germany, of which a full abstract is given on p. 359, the Duke of Alva defends the recent executions which had taken place in the Netherlands under his administration, especially those of Counts Egmont and Horn. The Emperor, in writing to the Duke, had spoken of the universal indignation and animosity excited throughout Germany by these executions, and the latter answers that " the perverted " nature of certain wicked people leads them to give to every - " thing the worst possible interpretation , the truth of which can " then only be committed to time and to God to decide." The Duke sends to the Emperor the principal articles of the " most culpable misdeeds " charged against the two Counts, and states that it becomes the King of Spain, " as the supreme fount of " salutary justice, to give to such detestable crimes their due xi <( punishment, and once more to put into execution, with all " earnestness, the edicts already issued by him against the " rebels." The Duke further complains of the very great assistance obtained from Germany by the rebels in the Nether- lands, and concludes by beseeching the Emperor to exercise his authority against the open disturbers of the public peace. The papers of Queen Elizabeth's reign, on events nearer home, lead almost at once into the struggle between the Queen Regent of Scotland and the Lords of the Congregation. The active interference of France in Scottish affairs was forcing the English Queen to a similar course. In the correspondence of the Duke of Norfolk aid his Council with Sir William Cecil and the Privy Council may be seen a full record of the preparations made by England in view of war, of her negotiations with both parties in Scotland in the endeavour to effect a pacific solution of difficul- ties, and of the alliance, offensive and defensive, concluded by the English Government with the Lords of the Congregation in the Articles of Berwick. Then follow immediately after, the advance of the English forces into Scotland, under the command of Lord Grey, and the memorable siege of Leith. The weary skirmishing, the one disastrous repulse of the besiegers, the difficulties in the way of obtaining money and munitions of war, the courage but incapacity of Lord Grey, the anxieties of the English Govern- ment, are all detailed. After the siege had lasted for some months, negotiations were again entered into. Sir William Cecil and Dr. Wotton were sent to Edinburgh to confer with the Scottish Lords and the French Commissioners, the Bishop of Valence and M. de Randan. Articles were agreed upon, by which Leith was to be demolished, and the troops in that place were to leave Scotland. Two other treaties were concluded at the same time ; the first, by the above-mentioned Commissioners, whereby France acknowledged the undoubted right of Elizabeth to the Crown of England and Ireland, and the second, by the French Commissioners with the Scottish Lords, whereby guarantees were given for the peace and liberty of Scotland. The original of the famous letter, in which John Knox gives his estimate of the character of Mary Queen of Scots, is among the Cecil Papers (see p. 262). The negotiations for the proposed interview between Elizabeth and Mary at York, the Darnley marriage, the assassination of Rizzio, the murder of Darnley, the xii trial at York and Westminster, and all the chief events in the subsequent history of the ill-fated Queen of Scots, are narrated at length. The letters of Mary to Bothwell, which had been privately seen by the Duke of Norfolk and other Commissioners during the proceedings at York, were formally produced in Court, when the trial was removed to Westminster. And here a few words may be said about the two letters in this famous series preserved at Hatfield. In the second volume of the " Calendar of State Papers, Scotland" (Rolls Series), will be found under date, 1568, Dec. 7, a narrative of proceedings between the Commissioners of the Queen of England and those of the King of Scotland, in which mention is made of the production of a small gilded coffer, con- taining the letters just referred to, a promise of marriage made to Bothwell, another marriage contract, and the divorce between Bothwell and his wife. Of these " Casket Letters " four are preserved at the Public Record Office ; the other two are in the Hatfield Collection. Each of the latter, owing to the peculiar interest attaching to this series, is printed in extenso in the Calendar, both in the English and French versions. One of the two letters is written in a hand different from that which appears in all the rest, and the writing has not yet been identified. It is a fair imitation of Mary's hand in her earlier days, but the letter has been suspiciously manipulated. None of the series can be adduced in direct evidence against Mary, seeing that not one is an original document, all being copies, and probably copies of copies. In Buchanan's " Detection, translated into Scotch, and now made English, 1651," there is a version of the letter beginning, " I have watched," &c, different, however, from that in the Calendar, as the following extract will show : — " I have " waked later there up then I would have done, if it had not been " to draw something out of him, which this bearer will show you, " which is the fairest commodity that can be offered to excuse " your affairs. I have promised to bring him to him in the *' morn. Put order to it if you find it good," &c. Hugh Camp- bell, in his " Love Letters of Mary Queen of Scots," quotes this version of Buchanan. The French version of this letter, begin- ning, " J'ay veillé," &c, is printed on p. 23 of Baron Kervyn de Lettenhove's article, "Marie Stuart, d'après les documents con- " serves au Chateau de Hatfield," published in 1872 in the xiii " Bulletins de l'Académie Royale de Belgique." It is also printed in Dr. Harry Breslau's paper, " Die Kassettenbriefe der " Konigin Maria Stuart/' published in the " Historisches Taschen- " buch." Buchanan's " Detectio," the Scotch edition of which (Sanctandrois, 1572), is reprinted in Anderson's > c Collections," gives (Vol. II., p. 147) only the first few lines of this letter, down to " presenter." The text of these lines is exactly the same as that in the Calendar. In the French translation, however, of Buchanan's work, known as the Rochelle version (Edinbourg, 1572) the text given runs alike as far as " presenter ; " but from that word there is a material difference in the language of the two texts, though the general sense is similar. A short extract from the Rochelle version, commencing from \ (l presenter," will illus- trate this : — " J 'ay promis, que je luy maneray demain cestuy-là. " Yous aiez en soin, si la chose vous semble commode. Main- * tenant j'ai voilé l'accord ; car vous aviez deffendu que je 4< n'escri visse, ou que je n'envoyasse par devers vous : neantmoins e< je ne l'ay faict pour vous offenser," &c. The French text given by subsequent writers, such as Jebfy Goodall, Teulet, Gaedeke, Wiesener, Hosack, &c, agrees with the Rochelle version, The letter beginning, * Alas my Lord," &c, is printed in the English version of Buchanan's (i Detectio " above cited, but with the following differences (besides those of spelling) : — Campbell and Hosack both give Buchanan's version of this letter, and Froude (Vol. IX. p. 61) quotes a few sentences. The French version, beginning " Monsieur helas," &c, is to be found on p. 28 of Baron de Lettenhove's article mentioned above, and on p. 91 of that of Dr. Breslau. What has been noted with regard to the former letter applies also to this one. The Scotch edition of Buchanan's work, reprinted by Anderson, gives from the beginning to " promis " only. These opening words agree with the text in the Calendar, with the exception that the word " J'enrasje " occurs in the latter only in the margin, whereas in Buchanan it is in the body of the text. As with the previous casket letter, so with this, the Rochelle version (p. 72) agrees Cecil MS. I am wood. Buchanan. I am mad. to ask such resolving, with the business, quite against it. to ask such resolution. with the diligen[ce]. all against it. xiv with the Cecil Manuscript in the first portion (i.e. to the word " promis "), but after that differs materially in the phraseology, though not in the general sense. The Rochelle version is followed by J ebb, Goodall, and the other writers mentioned above. The policy adopted towards Mary after her flight into England is illustrated by numerous papers. The vacillation and shifts of Elizabeth, scarce governed at times by the resolution and skill of her advisers, are made as clear as the courage and subtlety of hev great rival. The intrigues engaged in on Mary's behalf in England, Scotland, and on the Continent (particularly Ridolphi's mission to the Duke of Alva, the King of Spain, and the Pope), are made known to us in the confessions and examinations of the Duke of Norfolk, the servants of the Duke, the Bishop of Ross, and in those of divers other noblemen, as the Earls of Pembroke and Arundel, and Lord Lumley. A large number of the English nobility were implicated in the Ridolphi conspiracy, which had for its object the restoration of the Roman Catholic faith in England, by deposing Elizabeth and substituting the Queen of Scots. Among the many plots for the liberation of Mary during her captivity in England may be mentioned the one to effect her escape from Chats worth, of which some details are given by Mr. Fronde. Further particulars will be found in the examinations of Sir Thomas Stanley, Sir Thomas Gerrard, Francis Rolleston, John Hall, and some others, which are printed in the Calendar. Those of Hall, who fell into the hands of the English Government on the capture of Dumbarton Castle, are the fullest and most interesting. In the letters of Lord Hunsdon, Governor of Berwick, we obtain a graphic description of the raids made into England by the Borderers, who were partisans of the Scottish Queen ; the object of these depredations being to bring on war between the two countries. Some of Hunsdon's letters, which are not included in Hay n es' collection, are of great interest. He represents very plainly to the Queen and Council the well-nigh defenceless state of Berwick, which formed the key of the Borders, and the unhappy plight of the soldiers in garrison there. Under date of 20 Nov. [1568] he writes, " Whereas the pay for Berwick is appointed " twice a year, it is never made but once a year, viz., at Christmas, " by reason whereof the poor men are fain to take corn, beef, " mutton, and other victuals of the Treasurer, and to sell them XV " for half the money they take them for ; ' so as they are not " ' able to buy themselves almost a pair of hose to their legs, that " ' it pities me to see them.' They would rather take 7d. a day, " payable twice a year, than 8d. payable once a year ; ' and all is " ( one to her Majesty.' " In unhappy contrast to this condition of matters, we read in a statement of payments made out of the Exchequer (July 1568-July 1569), « The Great Wardrobe, 2,996Z. 6s. M," " The Jewel House, 2,604Z. 2s. Id." What Hunsdon thought of the Scots in his wardenry may be seen in his letter just referred to, where he says, " Besides there is dwelling " there [Tweedmouth] at the least 200 Scots, and being not past "15 that wards at that gate a days, it is very dangerous for this " town [Berwick], and therefore I do mean between this and " Candlemas to avoid all the Scots from thence, but such as must " needs remain there for necessary service, and for those I will * take sufficient bonds for their good behaviour. I shall be forced " to make a general riddance of a great number of Scots out of * this wardenry, where are above 3,000 of all sorts, very unfit " members to be suffered here, saving some such as have or may " deserve to be made denizens, as my Lord Wharton had, of " which some yet remains ; since whose time every man comes in " that will, so as all Mr. Gray's lands is only inhabited with Scots. " How unnecessary it is to be suffered you know ; and therefore " I would gladly have some direction what to do with them ; for " I think it would pity ye if ye saw how I am daily and hourly " cumbered with them ; and as sure as they have done any mis- " chief, straight they leap into Scotland." Many of the papers printed in this Calendar throw much light on the Great Rebellion in the North under the Earls of North- umberland and Westmoreland, which broke out in November 1569, and came to an ignominious end the next month by the flight of the Earls across the border. The warning conveyed to the Earl of Northumberland at Topcliffe that he was betrayed and would speedily be arrested, was the immediate cause of the open rebellion,, which, but for this alarm, would probably never have occurred, owing to the indecision and mismanagement of its leaders. The lengthy evidence of Thomas Bishop, given at p. 469, is of special interest. The documents with which the volume concludes are those relating to the second arrest and imprisonment of the Duke of xvi Norfolk, who was tried and executed in the early part of 1572. All his treasons are unfolded in his own confessions, in those of the Bishop of Ross, and in the evidence of various noblemen, and of his own servants. The secret dealings of the Duke during the conference at York, with respect to the proposed marriage between himself and the Queen of Scots, his temporary abandon- ment of the project and subsequent endeavours to effect h% his submission to Elizabeth and his after treachery, his connexion with the rebellion of the Earls in the North, the prominent part he played in the Ridolphi conspiracy, these, and all the many intrigues in which h^ was engaged, are revealed in ample detail. But the evidence is too famous to require any comment here. Among other papers deserving of mention are the letters of the Duchess of Suffolk to Sir William Cecil ; the Settlements (dated Aug. 6, 1569) for the proposed marriage of Sir Philip Sidney and Ann, Cecil's daughter ; and an unpublished letter of Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh to Raulet, dated Aug. 18 [1570], in which the writer states that if the Queen of Scots " will not haif no regarde " on me for trew service, I am uncertaine quha will do ye lyk ? service to hir hytnes againe. And farder, gyf hir grace will l( tak na ordo r w* me in yir partis, q r by I may leif honesly, thair " is na prince in ye wardle (sic, warld) will luyk on me." There is also a very curious " Collection of Original Letters " from the several Bishops, &c, to the Privy Council, with " Returns of the Justices of the Peace within their respective ft Dioceses." These letters bear date, October to November 1564. They form an entire volume of the Hatfield Archives, and are full of quaint and interesting information respecting the religious state of England at the time. Thus the Bishop of Worcester considers " that all such as mislike and contemn true " religion should be put out of authority and public office/' and sends a return of all gentlemen in his diocese, classified under the heads of " Favourers of true religion," " Adversaries of true " religion," and " Indifferent, or of no religion." The Bishop of Chichester thanks God that the county of Sussex is free from all violent attempts " eyther to affiite the godlye or to disturbe the " stablished good orders of this realme." The Bishop of Here- ford is certified by the Dean that in his Cathedral Church " all " the canons resendensaries (except Jones, qui dicit et non facit, " which is rashe, hastei, and ondiscrete) ar but dissemblers and xvii rancke papistes," and so that Church, " which should be the light " of all the diocese, is very darkness and an ensample of con- " tempt of true religion. 5 ' The Bishop of Winchester says that " in that city, all that bear authority, except one or two, are ce addicte to the olde superstition and earnest fautors thereof." The Bishop of Durham is of opinion that there are two great hindrances to religion. One is, " the Scottish priests that are " fledde out of Scotland for their wickedness, and here be hyred " in parisshes on the borders, bicause they take less wages than (i others, and do more harme than others wolde or colde in dis- " swading the peple." The other is, " the grete number of e ' scholers borne hereaboute, now lieng at Lovan without lycense, " and sending in bokes and letters which cause many tymes evill c * rumours to be spredde, and disquiet the people." In preparing this Calendar the Commissioners on Historical Manu- scripts have had the assistance of Mr. S. R. Bird, Mr. W. D. Selby, Mr. G. J. Morris, and Mr. E. G. Atkinson, of the Public Record Office. To Mr. R. T. Griinton, the Marquis of Salisbury's secretary, their best thanks are due for his courteous and ready help on all occasions. u 840G6. b CALENDAR OF THE CECIL MANUSCRIPTS PRESERVED AT HATFIELD HOUSE, HERTFORDSHIRE. EDWARD I. L Bishop of Durham. 1306. — Abstract from the roll of the Parliament at Carlisle, 35 Edw. I. [1306]. Complaint against the Bishop of Durham for waste committed by him in his diocese. Inhibition granted to prevent the same. J p. [See Rotuli Parliamentorum, vol. i., p. 198.] 2. The Knights Templars, Cobham Family, &c. Edw. I. — A volume containing enrolments of Charters, Deeds, Feet of Fines, &c, entitled on the fly-leaf : — " Cartae de Libertatibus Tem- plariorum," and " Cartae et alia Recorda ad Familiam de Cobham spectantia." The following heading appears on fo. 30 : — " Redditus Domini Johannis de Cobeham del Gavelland in Schornes [Shorne] de dono Domini Regis Henrici Secundi facto domino Willielmo de Quatre- mars militi suo de Normandia," &c. Small folio. Parchment. 54 fo. EDWARD II. 3. John Chaucombe. 1325-6, March 24. — Writ directed to the Barons of the Exchequer, for seizure of the lands of John Chaucombe. — Kenilworth, 24 March, 19 Edw. IL, [1325-6]. Copy. Latin. 1 p. EDWARD III. 4. Staffordshire and Shropshire. Edw. III. — Extracts from the Originalia Rolls, relating to Stafford- shire and Shropshire. 2 pp. u 84066. A. 2 HENRY VI. 5. Memoranda respecting Foreign Affairs. 1441, 22 May. — 1. Commission granted by the King, at the suit of the Duke of Orleans to John Sutton, Lord Dudley, Robert Ross, and Thomas Keriell, knights, Stephen Wilton, doctor of the laws, and others, to treat with other ambassadors of the King's adversary, betwixt Grave- lines and Calais, for a peace. [See Rymer's Feeder a, x. 847.] 2. Humphrey, Earl Stafford, made captain of the Castle of Calais, for ten years. 3. Ambassadors sent from the Earl of " Dermynack " [? d'Armagnr;.] into England, to the number of 16, among whom were William do Beasis, Lord of Mountaud, and Lord de la Mote of Pordilian, with 50 persons in their train. 4. A commission to treat for the King of England and his subjects of the one part, and the countries and lands of Holland and Zeeland, with the inhabitants of the same of the other part, for peace and trade of merchandize. They of Holland and Zeeland sent for their depu- ties Mr. Henry Utynhelf, Arnold de Zand, James Lango, Cornelius Baro, and six more ; on the King's part were in commission, M r W m Linwood, Keeper of the Privy Seal, " doctor of both the laws," Sir W m Estfeld, knight, Roger Hunt, Baron of the Exchequer. Headed in Cecil's hand : " 19 Henr. VI. — Ric. D x Ebor Co. March, et ullor. Gubernator reg. Franc, ac Ducat. Norm. Joes de Veer Co. Oxon. in comitiva sua." I p. 6. Constantinople. 1453. — Oraison faite pur Mustapha, à Mahomet bisayeul de Solyman Tan de grace 1453 après le sac de Constantinople. EDWARD IV. 7. Will of Robert at Hoo of Cheshunt. 1474-5, March 6.— The last Will of Robert at Hoo of Cheshunt, co. Hertford, dated 6th March 1474. The executors' names are John Peele, and John Adam, jun r . The testator bequeaths his property, after his wife's decease, to his daughter, and then to her son ; after whose death, the property is to be disposed of " to the welfare of the Church of our Lady of Chesthunt & for the souls' health that it came of." Endorsed by Cecil. — " Robert at Hoo' s will, 1474, for his house to the use of the church at Chesthunt." Copy. 1 p. HENRY VII. 8. Customs levied in Guernsey. Feb. 1497-8. — " Icy commence l'estente du Roy nostre sire en l'isle de Guernsey extraicte de latin en franczois." Parchment. 100 pp. 3 9. Subsidies for Scottish Wars. 1503, May 28. — lloll of warrants and receipts for subsidies or the wars against the Scots, collected from the clergy by William [Siver], late Bishop of Carlisle, now Bishop of Durham, from the Feast of St. Michael, 12 Henry [VII.] to 28 May, 18 Henry [VII.] [1503]. A Roll, 50 feet long. 10. Subsidies. 1504. — Declaration by William [Siver], Bishop of Carlisle, of monies received by him for the King, to 12 Feb., 17 Henry VII. With memorandum by Henry VII., and his signature. Note, at foot, of payments by the Bishop to John Heron, for the King, under date, 18, 19, and 20 Henry VII. A Roll, 16 feet long. 11. Isle of Jersey. 1506, March 25. — Accounts of the Isle of Jersey, from the Feast of St. John the Baptist, 19 Henry VII., [June 24, 1504,] to the Annun- ciation, 21 Henry VII., [March 25, 1506]. A Roll, 8 feet long. 12. Will. 1508, Oct 8.— Testament of Philip Cecil. Parchment. \\ pp. 13. Manor of Swinbroke. [1508 ?]. — Particulars relating to the manor of Swinbroke, Oxon., recently belonging to James Tirell, knight. — Undated. Latin. | p. HENRY VIII. 14. Calais. 1509, Sept. 14. — Signed Bill for the payment of 100 men under Sir John Pecche, sent to garrison Calais. — Wanstede, 14 Sept., 1 Hen. VIII. [1509,] Parchment. 1 membrane. 15. Henry VIII. to Dr. Knight. 1513, June 29. — Thanking him for divers letters containing the news occurrent. As he writes that he knows no cause or occasion for staying, he is to return, leaving John Style " at our father of Arragon's Court." Sends 100/. for his charges. "Touching news here, the Earl of Shrewsbury & Lord Herbert, with our vanguard & rereward, to the number of 30,000 men, have now besieged Tyrwyn ; and the most part of our ward, 15,000 men, be now passed over to Calais. We tarry here at Dover only for wind to take our shipping thither for to provide in our wars against the Frenchmen, which ye may show unto our father of Arragon, effectually moving and pressing him at your departure to a 2 4 know his determinate mind, what order he will take according to the treaty lately passed betwixt us and him." — Dover, 29 June. Endorsed : " R. H. the eight to M r Doctor Knight, ambassador to the Lady Margaret, 29 June 1513." \P; 16. Military Levies. [1513 ?]. — Persons, with their numbers, appointed to join the King's battle. l4 i PP- 17. Military Levies. [1513?]. — 1. Horsemen and footmen to bg provided for the " Vantgarde." List of noblemen and gentlemen in various counties, and the number to be provided by each. Begins with the Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of Surrey. Total, 9,778 men. — Undated. 12 pp. 2. The same for the " Rereward." Total, 9,564 men. — Undated. 5 pp. 18. Treaty of Peace. [1515, April 5]. — Treaty of Peace (portion of) between France and England. Renewed, 1515. 12 pp. [See Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XIII., p. 477.] 19. Francis I. to the English Ambassador. 1515, Dec. 13. — Requesting him to appoint a day for conference with certain of his Privy Council. Fontainebleau, 13 Dec. 15 — . Signed: " Francoys," and countersigned : si Bayard." French. ^ p. 20. Bernard Andrée. [1520]. — A tract headed : "Rex pacificus exaltatus est super omnes reges Universe terre. Nobilissimi ac potentissimi Henrici octavi pros- perrime regnationis undecimus annus per Bernardus Andrée féliciter incipit."— 11 [Hen. VIII.] 22 pp. 21. Poem by Bernard Andrée. [1520?]. — " Invocatio. — De inclita invictissimi Regis nostri Henrici octavi in Gallis et Scotis victoria, per Bernardum Andrée poetam Regium." Begins : — Dii maris et terre studium quibus angla tueri Septra favete pio nostro pia numina regi. Ends : — Quippe alias alio describam tempore laudes Tantaque pyeria bella sonabo tubo." IS pp. The first page is illuminated with the Royal arms, red and white roses, ôçc. 22. Truce between the Emperor Henry VIII. and Francis I. 1524, April 6, Ac. — 1. " Articuli fratris Nicolai super induciis apud Bles assignatis secundum colloquia primo habita cum Rege Christian- issimo." 5 For a truce between the Emperor, the Kings of England and France, and their respective allies. Dated, 6 April 1524. Latin. 2 pp. 2. " Responsio verbatim facta per Regem Gallorum, qui turn omnia remittit alteri responsioni facte per Cancellarium et Robertettum ; " also, " Summa responsionis facte secundum indicium, et sniam magni Cancel- larii et Robertetti, excerpta ex alia Galliae conscripta, et ab eis missa ad San Marsan et ad agentes Gallorum Regis in urbe." Latin. \\pp> 3. " Ad ea que pro parte Serenissimi Domini Nostri Clementis VII. per Reverendissimum Archiepiscopum Capuannum pro pace seu Induciis inter Christianissimos principes proposita fuere, respondatur pro parte Cesaris, ut infra." Latin. 4J pp. 23. Lubeck, &c. 1524, April 21. — Decision of the Commissioners in a matter of dis- pute between Lubeck, Denmark, and Alsace. Latin. 13 pp. 24. Treaty with Charles V. 1624, May 28. — Treaty concluded by Thomas Docwra, prior of St. John of Jerusalem in England, on the part of Henry VIII., and Louis de Praet on the part of the; Emperor Charles V., for the invasion of France by the Duke of Bourbon. — London, 28 May 1524. Copy. Latin. pp. Headed : Tractatus inter Cesaream Majestatem, Regem Anglie, et Dominam Margaretam, contra Gallorum Regem. A.D. 1524. [See Brewer's Calendar of Letters and Papers, Henry VIII., Vol. IV., Part L, No. 365, under date 25 May.] 25. Treaty of Madrid. 1526-7, Jan. 14. — Copy of the articles (thirty in number) of the treaty of Madrid between the Emperor Charles V. and Francis I. Imperfect. French. 77 pp. 26. Charles V. to Clement VII. 1527, April 6. — Informing him that Cesar Ferramosca, and, in his absence, Secretary Perez, will ask certain questions touching the Cardinal of York [ Wolsey], and begging the Pope to furnish all the information he can. — Valladolid, 6 April 1527. Spanish. ^ p. 27. Oath of Francis I. 1527, Aug. 18. — A copy of the oath of Francis I. of France, for the observance of the Treaty dated 30th April 1527 between the Ambassa- dors of Henry VIII. and of himself, and also of three other Treaties dated 18th August 1527, and severally concluded between the said Francis in person and Cardinal Wolsey acting on behalf of the said Henry. Dated at Amiens the 18th of August 1527. An account is appended of the several payments and disbursements of money to the said Francis which amount altogether to 112,437 pounds 1 1 shillings. Latin. 2 pp. [The oath is printed in extenso in Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XIV., p. 216.] 6 28. Divorce of Henry VIII. 1527.— The King's [Divorce] Case, printed by Cassalis, "pro Rege." 1 Sheet. 29. Robert Thorne. 1527. — Two letters by Robert Thorne being : — 1. Proposal for an expedition of discovery to the North Pole. 2. Difference between the Emperor and the King of Portugal. 25J pp. 30. Wolsey to Gardiner and Fox. 1527-8, Feb. — Instructions for their mission to Rome respecting the King's Divorce. Signed by Wolsey. In Tube's hand. Slightly mutilated. 64 pp. [See abstract of this paper in Brewer's Calendar of Letters Papers, Foreign Domestic, Henry VIII., Vo\. IV., Part II., 1526-1528, pp. 1740- 1743.] 31. France and Germany. 1528. — Part of an agreement submitted to the Emperor, respecting an arrangement proposed between France and the Emperor for the restora- tion of Francis' children. Much damaged. 4 pp, 32. Diet of Spires. 1529. Jan. 30 to Feb. 20. — A Journal or Diary of the Proceedings at the Diet of Spires on the 30th Jan. and on the 9th, 10th, 12th, 18th, and 20th Feb. 1529. H PP- 33. Treaty between Charles V. and Francis I. 1529, Aug. 5. — Treaty of Cambray between the Emperor, the King of France, Margaret Archduchess of Austria, and Louise Queen-Mother of France. — Cambray, 5 August 1529. Copy. Latin. 38J pp. [Printed in extenso in Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. XIV., pp. 326-344.] 34. Sabina Palatine to the English Ambassador at Brussels [D. Wilson]. 1529, Dec. 6. — Has a little business which she will lay before him by her adviser in Brussels. Begs his favour and assistance therein. From the Monastery of " Forest les Bruxelles," the 6th of December 1529. French. 1 p. 35. Cardinal Wolsey to Stephen Gardiner. [1529]. — Myn owne goode M Secretary. Thes shalbe not onely to welcome yow home, whos psens I have gretly missy d here in the furtherance of my poore pursutys, but also most hartyly to desyre yow for the love that ye have and bere towardys me as yo r olde frende, to ley to your frendly and charytable hand for the atteyning of suche thynges as my trusty frend, bearer hereof, shal opyn on my behalf unto 7 yow ; in the doyng whereof ye shall admynystyr syngler comforte to hym that ys in as gret hevynes and anxyete of mynde as any lyvying man can be, as God knowyth, who increase and send yow moche honor. At the Logew* the rude hand andhevy hert of hym that ys assurydly yo rs w* herte and prayer. T. CARms EBOR. Addressed : — To the rygth honorable and my singuler goode frende Mastyr Secretary. Holograph. 1 p. 36. Cardinal Wolsey to Stephen Gardiner. [1529]. — My owne goode Mastyr Secretary. I can not expresse how muche I am bowndyn to my Lorde of Norfolkes grace and yow to whom w* my dayly servys and prayer I beseche yow to geve my moste humble and effectuall thanckes, lycke as I do the semblabyl to yow ; praying God to rewarde yow bothe for yo r chary table goodnes shewyd onto me in thys my calamyte and hevynes ; most humbly praying yow to con- tynue to the fynal acçomplyshyng of all myn poore sutys and the esta- byllyshing of my poore state, to the honor of God and His Churche whereof I am a poore membyr. And dowt ye not, besydes my servys and prayer ye shall deserve hyghe mery te of God and excellent fame in thys world ; and I w* all my frendes shall ascrybe to my seyd Lordes grace and yow the preservacon of ray lyff, w* the redubbyng of my poore condicon to an honeste lyvyng, as our Lorde knowyth whom I beseche to sende yow moche honor and to contynue my good M r and frende. At Asher thys mornyng w t the rude hande of yo r assuryd bedysman. T. CARus EBOR. I beseche yow to geve credens to suche thinges as Thomas Alvard shal declare unto yow on my behalf, and to interpone yow r favorable ayde with yow r accustomyd dexteryte for the atteynyng of the same. Addressed: — To the Rygth honorable and my singler goode frende M Secretary. Endorsed: — "These be 1res, written w* the Cardinalles own hand after his fall." Holograph. 1 p. 37. Francis I. 1529-30, Jan. 29.— Copy of an obligation of Francis I., K. of France, to pay divers sums due to England, amongst others, one of 44,444 gold crowns 22 shillings and 6 pence for a jewel pawned by the Emperor Maximilian to Henry VII. — Dijon, 29th Jan. 1529. Latin. 4 pp. [Printed in Rymer's Fcedera, Vol, XIV., p. 360.] 38. Commerce with the Low Countries. [1531 ?]. — Statement of the grievances of the merchants and subjects of the English nation — with regard to a certain new imposition of the centisme — made by the Ambassador of the King of England at the com- mand of the Queen Dowager of Hungary, Regent, &c. And also with regard to a provision of the 19th of June last past, which is contrary to thft form and teuour of the treaties of intercourse contracted between their imperial and royal Majesties. Copy. French, 18 pp. 8 39. Mary Queen Dowager of Hungary, Archduchess of Austria, Regent, &c, to the Commissioners and Deputies of the King of England [ Henry VIII.]. 1531-2, Feb. 26. — Sends the Archdeacon of Terouenne, Philip Nigri, Chancellor of the Order of the Golden Fleece, the Provost of Cassel, and Jerome Van Dorp, of the Emperor's Council, with Jehan de la Sauch, his Secretary, to Bourbourg " pour entendre au fait de la tournée que scaves." — Brussels, 26 February 1531. Signed : " Marie." French. ^ p. 40. Treaty of Commerce. 1532, May 8. — Commission of the Emperor Charles V. to Philip Nigri, Chancellor of the Golden Fleece, George de Themsicke, Provost of Cassel, Jerome Van Dorp, and John de la Sauch [de Salice], Secre- tary to the Emperor, to conclude a new commercial treaty with England, and to effect the reparation of certain injuries inflicted by the merchants of either side on those of the other. — Aldenarde [Oudenarde], 8 May 1532. Signed by Sauch. Copy. Latin. 2^ pp. 41. Henry VIII. and Francis I. 1532, Sept. I. — Confirmation by Henry VIII. of the treaty concluded by him with Francis I., on 23 June 1532.— Windsor, 1 Sept. 1532. Latin. 3} pp. [See Rymer's Fœdera, XIV., 435.] 42. St. Mary's, Gloucester. 1532, Sept. 29. — Accounts of the Trinity Guild, St. Mary's Church, Gloucester, to the Feast of St. Michael, 24 Her.ry VIII., [Sept. 29, 1532]. 2 sheets. 43. England and France. [1532]. — Copies of and extracts from treaties, &c, including : — 1. Treaty of Amiens. Confirmation by Francis I. of the treaty of perpetual peace. — Amiens, 18 August 1527. Copy. Latin. 13 pp. [Printed in extenso in Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XIV., pp. 218-227.] 2. The treaty for the exchange of the pension of salt into money. — Hampton Court, 2 December 1530. Copy. Latin. 2| pp. [See Brewer's Calendar of Letters and Papers, Henry VIII., Vol. IV., Part III., No. 6755.] 3. Treaty with France concluded by Giles de la Pomeraye, knight, Steward of the French King, with Thomas Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond, Keeper of the Privy Seal, and Edward Fox, Almoner to the King of England, confirming former treaties, and covenanting for mutual aid against the Emperor. — London, 23 June 1532. Copy. Latin. S^pp- [Printed m extenso in Hymer's Fœdei-a, Vol. XIV., pp. 435-438.] 9 4. Summary of the treaty of reciprocal obligation between Henry VIII. and Francis I.— [8 Aug. 1526.] Copy. Latin. = % p. [See the treaty in extenso in Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XIV., pp. 185-187.] 5. Treaty at the More. — Confession of Louise of Savoy as to the debts and obligations of herself and the French King to the King of England under the treaty dated The More, 30 August 1525, together with a summary of the articles of that treaty. — Undated. Copy Latin. 2 pp. 6. Summary of the articles of the confirmation of the treaty of perpetual peace between Henry VIII. and Francis I., dated Amiens, 18 August 1327. Copy. Latin. 1 p. [See the treaty in extenso in Rymer, Vol. XIV., pp. 218-227.] 7. Copy of the article relating to Scotland in the treaty of peace between Henry VIII. and Francis I. — London, 5 April 1515. Latin. J p. [Fœdera, Vol. XIII., pp. 482, col. ii., and 483, col. i. In extenso.] 8. Obligation of Francis I. to pay divers sums due to England, among others, for a jewel pawned by the Emperor Maximilian to Henry VII. for 44,444 gold crowns 22 shillings and 6 pence. — Dijon, 29 January 1529. Copy. Latin. [Fœdera, Vol. XIV., pp. 360-362. In extenso.] 9. The oath of Francis I. for the observance of the treaties made with Cardinal Wolsey. — Amiens, 18 August 1527. Latin — ^ p. [Fœdera, Vol. XIV., page 216. In extenso.] 10. " Hereafter followeth the accompt how the said money was paid and disbursed " : — Paid to the aforesaid King in the city of Amiens on the 25îh of August in the 19th year (1527) the sum of £32,999 17* Paid to the aforesaid King by the hands of the Grand Master of France, 11 Nov. 1527 ; the sum of £14,499 18*. Paid out of the pension due to our King, 1 May 1529, £10,157 16*. Paid by the hands of the Bishop of Bayonne, 17 Nov. 1528, £44,480. Paid in a certain jewel (noted in margin : " of the King's free gift ") £10,000. Sum Total— £112,437 11*. = I p. 44. Robert Whitinton, poet laureate to Henry VIII. [1532]. — Three sets of verses entitled " Apophoreton." They consist of: — 1. In laudem Regis Henrici Octavi cum fœlicissimo hujus anni auspitio, humilimi sui Roberti Whitintoni Apophoretum. Begins : — " Anni prseteriti finis, Venientis origo " Jane pater bifrons Janitor ipse poli." Ends: — " In Christi cultum ferus hostis Thurca Tyrannus " Sit per Chri3ticolum haud Regna superbus eat." 9ipp. 10 2. De illustrium Heroum, et praecipua ante alios praestantissimi Henrici Octavi laude carmen panegyricum. Begins r — " Laudat terra suos Belos Meraphitica Ninos " Vasta Semiramidem mœnia cœlsa suam," Ends : — " Sit Rex Vive, Vale Lauri decorande triumphis H Tithoni et videas saecula laeta senis." 3. In laudem Heroinae dominae Annae marchionissae Penbrochiae. Begins : — " Salue Gemma nitens praepollens Anna décore " Hic tibi perlœtus, prosper et annus eat," Ends ,• — " Sint longaeva tibi Cumseae saecla Sybillae, " Lausque perenne Volans, Anne decora Vale." 4±pp. 45. Divorce of Henry VIII. [1532?]. — Responsio super proposita qusestione [de matrimonio] a elar. juris nostri doctoribus, Joanne Oldendorpio, Jacobo Omphalio, ac aliis. 53 pp. 46. General Councils. [1534]. — Treatise on General Councils, supposed to be by Cranmer. Begins : — " My Lord : I have don as ye commanded me, and that with right good will," &c. Ends : — That tbey may apply themselves also to follow it accordingly. Headings : — Address to my Lord. A declaration of a general council. Whether it be necessary that one be head in general council. Whether the Bishop of Rome may be ruler in the council. What power he hath who is head in the general council. Of what matters the general council hath power to entreat on. What is to be sticked unto, &c. That the Bishop of Rome may not be head of the council. 80 pp. [See Gairdner's Calendar of Letters and Papers, Henry VIIL, Vol. VIL, No. 691 ; also, Lambeth MSS., 1107, fol. 163 ; and Burnet, Hist, Réf. Part I., page 172.] 47. General Councils. [1534]. — Treatise on General Councils, supposed to be by Cranmer. Begins : — " The auctoryte & powre of generall counseiles ne yet the time," &c. Ends : — " Wherefor kings & princes nowe in this daungerous tyme are more bounden in consequence to look uppon suche matiers then ne any other is." Chapters : — 1. Of the power of kings and princes. 2. What ministrations priests have power to exercise. 3. What ministrations priests have used only by custom. 4. Of divers things which bishops of Rome and other bishops have used under colour of the law of God, &c. 5. By what authority the catholic general councils first began. 6. Of councils held by the power of the Bp. of Rome. 11 7. Of the gathering and summoning of general councils. 8. Of divers untrue laws and decrees made by the clergy. 63 pp. [See Gairdner's Calendar of Letters and Papers, Henry VIIL, Vol. VIL, No. 691 (2).] 48. Lord Richard Grey. 1 536, June 24. — Warrant to Lord Richard Grey for two bucks from Brigstock Park. Dated, Westminster, June 24, 28 Henry VIII. Not signed. I p. 49. Deanery of St. Paul's, London. 1536, July 20. — Letter of appointment from the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Bishop of Chichester, authorising the said Bishop, according to the King's wish, to hold the Deanery of St. Paul's, London, along with his Bishopric. — Lambeth, 20 July 1536. Signed by " Rogerus Tonneshend, commissarius," and " Jo. Hughes, legum doctor." Parchment. Latin. 1 membrane. 50, Alexander Alesius. [1536?].— Psalmi XXV. ex Hebrœo. Dedicated to Henry VIII. by Alexander Alesius. 100 pp. 51. [Alexander Alesius.] [1536 ?]. — Psalm IX., with commentary. 7 pp. 52. Naval Affairs. [1538]. — Ships for the keeping of the narrow seas, whereof Sir Thomas Clere hath charge. — Undated. H pp. 53. The King's Ships. 1538-9, Jan. 26. — Number and state of the King's ships in the Thames.— Jan. 26, 30 Henry VIII. 1 sheet. 54. Memorial. 1539, Sept. — A note of certain matters to be laid before the Council. 55. Holland. 1539. — Sailing directions how to know Hardyerwyk [Harder wick] in Guelderland, and the Southern Sea from thence to the Tarsieli, and so into the Haggs of Holland ; by J. de Borough and R. Coche. A narrow Roll, 4 feet long. 56. Naval Affairs. [1539?].— Order of battle for a fleet; Sir Thomas Clere, Vice Admiral. Gives names of principal officers. The complement of the " Marly ne " and notes of " sea and land matters." — Undated. Drafts. 11% pp. 12 57. Lady Anne of Cleves. 1539-40, Jan. 5. — Copy of Letters Patent granting to her, for life in contemplation of the marriage to be celebrated between the King and her, and in conformity with a treaty with John Frederick, Duke of Saxony, &c, and William, Duke of Juliers, Gueldres, &c, of certain annuities, honors, castles, and manors in various counties ; to be held in as ample manner as Jane, late Queen of England, held the same; being of the yearly value of 4,367 marks 7*. lfd. Greenwich, 5 January 1539. Latin. 9£ pp. [See Patent Roll, 31 Hen. VIII., pt. 7, m. 29 (4).] 58. Jointure of Anne of Cleves. 1539-40, Jan. 5. — Copy of Letters Patent granting, in partial satis- faction of her dower, the site of the Priory of S. Margaret, near Marl- borough, co. Wilts, lands in Marlborough, East Kennet, Manton, Yeatesbury, Lokeryche, Monkton, Putballam, within the parish of Mildenhall and Alyngton, co. Wilts ; also, the rectory of East Kennet, the manors of Baberstokk and Foosfownte, otherwise Fovent ; also, the manors of Ha (sic), Sutton, Sootney, Moundesmere, Old Fish- bourn, Demmedmoleme, Prior's Dean, Culmere, Stubbington, and Hoo, in co. Southampton, late of the Priory of Southwyke ; also the manor of Bulborne, in Bremmere, with the site of the Priory of Bremmere y Barnes Grange, the manors of Heywoode, Rokkestede, and Langley, in co, Southampton, late belonging to the Priory of Bremmere ; the pre- mises being valued at 32 7 marks 5s. \\d. — Greenwich, 5 January 1539. Latin. \\pp. 59. Jointure of Anne of Cleves. 1539-40, Jan. 5. — Copy of Letters Patent granting the Manors of Great Waltham, Maysbury, Dunmowe, Great Leighes, Great Haddowe, and Farneham, in the county of Essex, of the annual value of 312 marks, Hs. l^d., in satisfaction of a part of the dower under the treaty of marriage. — Greenwich, 5 January 1539. Latin. 1 J pp. 60. Arthur, Lord Lisle to the Earl of Hertford. [1540], Apr. 2. — According to his Lordship's desire has sent here- with, as well the letter of Mons. de Vies, as the letter written to the said de Vies by Captain Dependale touching the dam or passage that *' they of Arde " have made between the King's pale here and that of the French, concerning which, by his Lordship's advice, he wrote a letter to the said Mons. de Vyes, — Calais, April 2. I p. 61. Lord Cromwell to Henry VIII. [1540] June 30. — Concerning the marriage of the King to Anne of Cleves.— The Tower, 30 June. 8 pp. [Burnet's History of the Reformation, Vol. I., pp. 193-196. — Collectanea (ed. 1681). In extenso.] 13 62. Star Chamber Proceedings. 1540, July 5. — An Order of the Court of Star Chamber, dated 5 July, 31 Hen. VIII., between Sir Thomas Wyatt, owner of the lordship of Hoo, in the county of Kent, and the Mayor, &c. of Rochester, referring to certain proceedings in the said court between Richard Maye, the Mayor, and the citizens of Rochester of the one part, and Robert Iden, bailiff of the lordship of Hoo, of the other part, concerning the dredg- ing, gathering, and laying of mussels within the limits of Sherenasshe (Sheerness) and Hawkwood, and ordering a new trial in consequence of the absence of Sir Tims. Wyatt, on the occasion of the former trial, as the King's Ambassador in Spain. H pp. A copy of the foregoing order. 2 pp. 63. Lady Anne of Cleves to Henry VIII. 1540, July 16. — "Most excellent and noble prince and my most benign and good brother. I do most humbly thank you for your great goodness, favor, and liberality, which, as well by your Majesty's own letters as by the report and declaration of your Councillors, the Lord Great Master, the Lord Privy Seal, and your Grace's Secretary, I perceive it bath pleased you to determine towards me. Whereunto I have no more to answer, but that I shall ever remain your Majesty's most humble sister and servant, according to such letters as I have written to your Highness, and to such advertisement as I have given unto your Grace by your said Councillors, which is correspondent and agreeable to my first mind and answer made at the first opening of this matter unto me, from the which, as I neither have varied from the beginning, nor will vary here- after, so, if any man have said the contrary, I assure your Grace that he hath done it without my consent or commission. Thus I beseech our Lord to send your Majesty long life with good health, and perpetual felicity. From Richmounte the 16th of July [1540]. Your Majesty's humble sister and servant." Addressed : — " To the King's most Royal Majesty." Endorsed: — " The Queen's letter to the King." Copy. 1 p. 64. Lady Anne op Cleves to the Duke of Cleves. 1540, July 21. — "My dear and wellbeloved brother. After my most hearty commendations. Where by your letters of 1 the 13th of this month, which I have seen written to the King's Majesty of England, my most dear and most kind brother, I do perceive that you take the matter, lately moved and determined between him and me, some- what to heart. Forasmuch as I had rather you knew the truth by mine advertisement, than, for want thereof, you should be deceived by vain reports, I thought meet to write these present letters unto you, by the which it shall please you to understand that, being substantially adver- tised how the nobles and commons of this Realm desired the King's highness to commit the examination of the matter of marriage between his Majesty and me, to the examination and determination of the whole Clergy of this Realm, I did then willingly consent thereunto. And since the determination made, have also, upon intimation of their proceedings, allowed, approved, and agreed unto the same, wherein I had more respect (as beseemed me) to truth than to any worldly affection, that 14 might move me to the contrary. And did the rather condescend there- unto, for that my tody remaineth in the integrity which I brought into this Realm. And being the matter thus finished, to advertise you how I am used. Surely the king's highness, whom I cannot now justly have, nor will repute, as my husband, hath nevertheless taken and adopted me for his sister, and, as a most kind, loving, and friendly brother useth me, with as much or more humanity and liberality, as you, I myself, or any of our kin or allies, could well wish or desire. Wherewith I am, for mine own part, so well satisfied, that I much desire that my good mother and you should know this my state and condition, not doubting but when you shall thoroughly weigh all things, you will so use yourself towards this noble and good Prince, as he may continue his friendship towards you, which, on his highness' behalf, shall nothing be impaired or altered for this matter, unless the fault should be in yourself, whereof I would be most sorry. For so it hath pleased his highness to signify unto me, which I have thought necessary to write unto you, and also that, God willing, I purpose to lead my life in this Realm, having his grace so good Lord as he is towards me, lest, for want of true knowledge of my mind and condition, you might otherwise take this matter than you ought, and in other sort care for me than you have cause. Thus etc." — Richmond, 21 July. Subscribed " Anna Duchess born of Cleves, Julich, Gelders et Berg the lo\ing Sister." Endorsed : — " The Minute in English of the letter sent by the lady Anne to her brother 21 July 1540." 4 pp. 2. Original of the preceding. [The version given in Burnet's History of the Reformation, Vol. I. f p. 200 — Collectanea (ed. 1681) — differs greatly from this original^ German. 2 pp. 65. Ordnance from the Tower. 1540, July. — Artillery, &c, delivered from the Tower for the King's service by Sir Christopher Morres, Master of Ordnance, May to July, 32 Henry VIII. 2 pp. 66. Anne of Cleves. [1540.] — List of the original depositions made by the following in the matter of the King's marriage with Anne of Cleves : — Henry VIII., the Lord Chancellor, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk, the Earl of Southampton, the Bishop of Durham, the Lord Admiral, Sir Antony Browne, Sir Thomas Heneage, Antony Denny, Lord Cobham, Sir Thomas Wriothesley, Dr. Chamber, Dr. Butts, Ladies Rutland, Rochford, and Edgecombe, Cromwell, and Anne of Cleves. \p. 67. Original Depositions respecting the Marriage of Henry VIII with Anne of Cleves. [1540.] 1. By Henry VIII. l\ pp. 2. By the Lord Chancellor, Archbishop of Canterbury, Duke of Norfolk, Duke of Suffolk, Earl of Southampton, and Bishop of Durham. 3 pp. 15 3. By the Puke of Suffolk, Lord Great Master. 1 p. 4. By the Earl of Southampton, Lord Privy Seal. 2 pp. 5. By the Lord Admiral. 1 p. 6. By Sir Antony Browne, Master of the Horse 3 pp. 7. By Sir Thomas Heneage, knight. 1 p. 8. By Master Antony Denny, gentleman of the Privy Chamber. 2 pp. 9. By George, Lord Cobham. J p. 10. By Sir Thomas Wriothesley, one of the King's Majesty's Principal Secretaries. 1^ pp. 1 1 . By Dr. Chamber. 2 pp. 12. By Doctor Butts. 1 p. 13. By Ladies Rutland, Rochford, and Edgecombe. H pp. [The above depositions (except No. 1), are printed in extenso in Strype's Ecclesiastical Memorials, Vol. I., pt. 2, pp. 452-463. (ed. 1822.) No. 1. is printed in extenso in Burnet's History of the Reformation, Vol. I., p. 197 —Collectanea (ed. 1681).] 68. Notes about the Isle of Guernsey, &c. [Ab. 1540.] " The Receipts, eight score £. & the garrison paid with other privy profits. " The isle of Sark plenished with s connys ' [conies] gulls & with many other strange fowls : the rent by the year, 5/. " The isle of Arme & the isle of Alderney by the year, 40/. : this is due when there is no war, but in wars the customs riseth to great sums, the which is uncertain, and in the isle of Guernsey there is a xj (sic) parish churches beside the parish church in Alderney." 69. Grant to Anne of Cleves. 1540-1, Jan. 20. — Grant, for life, to Dame Anne Cleve, daughter of John, late Duke of Cleves, Guligh, Gelder, and Barry, and sister of William, now Duke of Cleves, Guligh, Gelder, and Barry, Count of Marke, Ravensborough, and Sutfyn, and Lord of Ravenston, on con- dition of her remaining in England, and in consideration of her sub- mission to the laws of this realm and the authority of Parliament touching her marriage with the King, which though celebrated under certain conditions in the face of the Church was never consummated, and was declared by Parliament to be invalid, — of certain manors, rectories, lands, &c. in the counties of Essex, Suffolk, Sussex, Leicester, Oxon, York, Northampton, and Surrey. — Westminster, 20 January. Copy. Latin. 3£ pp. [Fœdera, Vol. XIV., pp, 710-713. In extenso. See Patent Roll 32 Hen. VIII., pt. 6, m 29 (10).] 70. Earl of Southampton to the Earl of Hertford. [1540-1], Feb. 5. — Doubts not he has received from Mr. Secretary Wriothesley, before the arrival hereof, a copy of the Articles of Treaty between the Black Prince and the Dolphin touching the " bunder " of the East Pale and the West Pale, as it was when Calais was first English. They also have received from him the copy of a Commission addressed to Sir Sampson Norton and others in the time of King Henry the Seventh, and although diligent search has been made in the 16 Chancery, the Exchequer, and the Tower, where the King's Records remain, no Return thereto can be found. Nevertheless, in searching for the said Return, another Commission has been found, addressed by Richard the Third to Sir John Dynham, Knight, and others, to survey the said Pale, which is sent herewith ; together with certain Articles devised and penned by Sir John Dawney and Master Polaid, com- prising " reasons, grounds, and presumptions" to show and prove that the "Couswade" must needs be English. A copy of so much of the Article of the " Perpetual Peace " as concerns this matter is also sent herewith ; and this is all that can be found amongst his Majesty's Records touching this matter, which his Lordship must make use of according to his wisdom. His Majesty, and the Queen, with my Lord Prince, are in good health. His Highness hath appointed him with the Lord Admiral, the Lord Warden, and other younger men associated with them, as Sir Thos. Arundel, Sir Richard Southwell, and Tirwhit, to survey the whole of the ordnance in the Tower, and at his departure gave hitn special charge to search for the writings and muniments, copies whereof are sent herewith. — London, 5 February. Addressed: — "To my verie good Lorde my Lord Therle of Herford, The Kinges Majesties Chief Commissionar nowe at Calais," &c. 3 pp. 71. Naval Affairs. 1541. — Report of shipwrights and caulkers on repairs required for the King's ships: and determinations of Wm, Gunson, Paym[aster], John Osborn, Controller, and Edward Water, Clerk of the Ships, on the report.— 33 Henry VIII. 72. Draft of a Letter from the Privy Council to Sir Ralph Sadleir. 1542, April 14. — The King has seen the letters from him and the Lord Admiral of the 17th of this month, with those from the Earl of Angus, and Sir George Douglas, and whilst marvelling greatly at the proceedings in Scotland, thinks that be has wisely considered the matter and approves his resolution not to stir a great trouble there. Nevertheless the King's pleasure is that he shall take an early oppor- tunity of ascertaining the feeling of the Earls of Angus, Cassilis, and Glencairn, the Lords Flemyng, Maxwell, Somerville, and Sir G. Douglas on the matter, whom he is to address as follows : That there is one thing which greatly troubles him to arrange for the satisfaction of his Majesty and their own honour and advantage, which is the esta- blishment of the Governors by Parliament with a determination amongst them to îvmain the King's friends. That he is much afraid that it will not stand with their promise to the King, and fearing lest they have forgotten themselves therein, and considering that they have to do with a most grave and prudent prince, who will surely kick at this matter, and perchance ihink that it will not. be meet for him to surfer as the King has done, but to take his advantage otherwise, he thought he could do no less than demand of them in a friendly manner how they can make this establishment and their said promise stand together. He is to communicate their answer to the King with all diligence, and further he is to declare to the Earl of Angus and Sir G. D. that the 17 Sheriff of Ayr is here with the King, and hath declared to him for the truth at his departure that the Earl of Lennox was ready to pass by the West Seas into Scotland. He may chance to be met with on the way by some of the King's ships, but at all events it will be necessary for the Governors and them to provide for them in the west parts, for what face soever he shall bear he is wholly for France, and desireth only to get his footing for that purpose. Finally, he shall of himself say unto them that he trusts they will show themselves true gentlemen, and that the whole realm will be ready at all times to serve the King's Majesty against all men and all nations, wherein they shall undoubtedly reap their own honour and advantage. Endorsed .— " 24 April 34 Hen. viij. Raf Sadler — Scotland." 4 pp. 73. The Articles and Conditions subscribed by [Con] O'Neill at the time of his Submission. [1542], Sept. — That he will renounce the name of O'Neill, and adopt such name as it shall please the King to give him. That he, his heirs and assigns, and the inhabitants of such lands as it shall please the King to give him, will adopt the English habits and language. That he, his heirs and assigns, will put such of their lands as are suitable under tillage ; will impose no tax or charge on their tenants except with the approval of the Deputy, and will keep only so many and such galloglass and kerne as the said Deputy and Council shall approve ; will submit them- selves to the King's laws and answer his writs in the Castle of Dublin and elsewhere ; will answer and go with the King's lieutenant or deputy to all such " hostings rodes and journeys " as shall be assigned to them ; and will not succour any of the King's enemies or any rebels ; and finally that the said O'Neill shall hold his lands by one whole knight's fee. Hpp- 74. Lord Russell to the Earl of Hertford. 1542, Oct. 17. — "My Lord, since your departure here arrived letters whereby it appeareth that my Lord of Norfolk thinketh that the ships prepared in Dieppe be come into the Frith. It may like you to adver- tise his Grace for truth, that no one of those ships be gone thither. The King's Majesty had Fletcher of Rye hovering in the sea before Dieppe, till they were all despatched, which was after this sort : 5 to waft the herring fleet ; 6 to meet with certain ships of the Emperor's coming from Gynney ; 4 to Burdeulx [Bordeaux] ; and the rest a-fishing. This is so confirmed besides, and upon the sight of Fletcher and other two boats also sent out for the names so testify that we take it for truth that they shall take no damage by that company. Thus we pray God to send you health. — From Westminster, this 17th of October." t P . Modern copy of the preceding with marginal note: k ' 1542. 17 Oct., in the hand of Sec. Wriothesley." 75. French Ships. 1542, Oct. 19. — " Le décret, escriptures, contiactz, et breves con- cernans l'Andrien et La Guillemette." Decision of the Court of Rouen, Oct. 19, 1542, in a case of disputed succession to property in Dieppe. 53J pp. u 84066. B 18 76. Sir Thos. Wriothesley to the Duke of Suffolk. [1542 ?], Oct. 31. — His Majesty is informed that there is about the' Borders or in Scotland one Tuckfield, formerly servant to the Lord Chancellor, who is accused of counterfeiting his Grace's " Signe " and Great Seal. His Majesty therefore requires the Dukes of Suffolk and Norfolk to make diligent search for him and to do all they cau for his apprehension. — " From Hampton Courte, this Alhalow Even." lp. 77. The Duke of Norfolk to the Earl of Hertford. [1542], Nov. 2. — Whereas he sent word for one of the " Stratford Cartes," will not fail to stay two for him, unless he hears from him to the contrary. As it is most necessary for his Lordship to have good knowledge by espial, desires him to entreat gently u John Carre, and Gilbert Swynowe," and also his own espial, (" whom the Captain of Norham brought to him,") and by these three men he shall know as much as can be, Begs him also to handle well " Lawry Bele, and Clement Mustyan of Berwick," who are very sure men to get knowledge. Finally, as soon as Somerset the Herald and Ray the Pursuivant are returned,, desires him to forward their answer to him by post. — Morpeth, 2 Nov. I p. 78. The Council of the North to the Earl of. Hertford, Lord Warden of the Marches. [1542], Nov. 5. — Enclose letters, by one of which, to be returned to them after perusal, he will perceive that the E. of Rutland is appointed Warden. Trust he will remain at his post until the latter arrives to supply his place. — Durham, 5 Nov., "in the mornyng at 6 of the clock." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 1. In extenso J] 79. The Council of the North to the Earl of Hertfoed. [1542], Nov. 8. — With reference to his Lordship's wish that they should have returned to Newcastle, point out that it would not have been possible for them to have tarried there and yet to have accomplished his Majesty's pleasure, which was that they should put 4,000 men in garrison, a number that could only be furnished from the chief parts and not from that country. Even now they have not a little difficulty to find such a number, but have to use all possible diligence. As to his Lordship's opinion that there is no more occasion for him to remain there than for themselves, they think the contrary, for although his Majesty has written to inform them that he has appointed the E. of Rutland to be Warden before long, they think he has fscarcely yet got his commission. Besides, having but lately returned to his house, and his men and horses being distressed by long turmoil and travail, and he himself in infirm bodily health, it must be some little time before he can return to take up his appointment, until which time they are of opinion that his Lordship's commission does not expire. Nevertheless they have not, neither do they appoint him to remain there, but strongly advise him so to do, assuring him that if any of them were in his place they would not do otherwise "for all that they are worth." They will, how- ever, endeavour to relieve him from his charge as soon as they possibly may, and have written to his Majesty stating their opinion that in con- sequence of the debility of the E. of Rutland, and the overworked condi- tion of his men and horses, the E. of Cumberland is from his proximity 19 to the Borders, and the readiness of his forces, much more fitted to serve his Majesty in the capacity of Warden. They expect an answer from his Majesty in a few days, and in the mean time have instructed both the Earls of Rutland and Cumberland to hold themselves in readiness to take up that office with all speed as soon as they shall learn his Majesty's decision. — York, 8 Nov. [Haynes, p. 1. In extenso.'] 80. Sir Thos. Wriothesley to the Earl of Hertford. [1542], Nov. 8. — He will perceive from the letters of the D. of Norfolk and others the cause of his stay for a short time on the Borders, and how Lord Lisle is appointed to be his successor. Will so " lay his hands about him " that Lord Lisle shall be with him by the end of the month, having already despatched letters for the levying of his men. Asks for the clerkship of the Admiralty in Norfolk or Suffolk for a special friend of his own. — Hampton Court, 8 Nov. lp. 81. The Duke of Norfolk to the King of Scots. [1542], Nov. 10. — By command of the King his sovereign, wrote to his Highness from Berwick by Somerset the Herald and Ray, the Pursuivant of Berwick, asking that such of his Majesty's subjects as are now prisoners in Scotland might be delivered up on reasonable ransom, or pledges, according to the custom of the borders always observed in such cases. Received an answer thereto from the E. of Murray, stating that he would speak with his Grace on the subject. Prays that he may now be advertised of his Grace's pleasure therein. — York, 10 Nov. Copy. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 3. In extenso.] 82. Sir Thomas Wriothesley to the Earl of Hertford. [1542], Nov. 10. — Sends letters from her Ladyship to which he beseeches him to make a speedy answer, for he perceives she will not be merry till she hears from him. Desires him also to write often to the King of the occurrences in those parts. — Hampton Court, 1 Nov. 1 p. 83. The Council of the North to the Earl of Hertford. [1542], Nov. 11. — Have received letters from his Majesty, dated the 8th inst., by which it appears that he has appointed Lord Lisle to be Warden of the Marches, and the E. of Cumberland to be one of the Council there with him, my Lord of Durham to remain for a time with Lord Lisle to assist him with his aid and council. He (the E. of Hertford) is to remain on the Borders till the arrival of the said Lord Lisle, which shall be with all diligence. His Majesty's pleasure is to have on the Borders only 2,000 men, whereof 1,500 are to be of the North parts, and the remainder Lord Lisle will bring with him from the South.— York, 11 Nov. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 3. In extenso.] 84c The King to the Earl of Hertford. 1542, Nov. 12. — Sign manual notifying the appointment of Lord Lisle as Lord Warden of the Marches, and his own recall. — " Given at Hampton Court the 12th day of Nov r in the 12th year of our reign." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 4. In extenso.] B 2 20 85. Sir Thos. Wriothesley to the Earl op Hertford. [1542], Nov. 18- — Thanks him for granting his late suit. His Lordship will receive herewith letters from her Ladyship who, from a clause in his last letters to the effect that she was " slak in wrytyng," fears that all her letters have not reached him. Beseeches his Lordship to exonerate him in that behalf with her Ladyship, and for that pur- pose to bring back with him all the letters he has received. The King takes his Lordship's letters of the 14th inst. in most thankful part. Lord Lisle, being despatched two days since, has promised to be with his Lordship before the end of this month, so that within three or four days of his arrival his Lordship may depart homewards. Lord Lisle brings 500 horse with him, and his Lordship will therefore do his Majesty good service by taking order in all places near the Borders for their refreshment on their arrival. — Hampton Court, 18 Nov. I p. 86. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1542], Nov. 20. — His Majesty has seen and perused his Lord- ship's letters of the 13th and 16th instant, and has commanded them to signify unto him his Majesty's astonishment that the D. of Norfolk, and the rest of his Grace's Council there with him should leave him u so naked, so incertayn in all things, and so yvel furnished," as his letters do purport and specify, and also that his Lordship, being himself a Commissioner with them, should so receive the charge from them, knowing how his Majesty even from the beginning gave them com- mandment to see his Borders well furnished, and all things set in order. Nevertheless his Highness takes his proceedings since the time of his entry into that charge in very good and thankful part, and requires him, on his Majesty's behalf, to give special thanks to Sir William Eure, Sir Thomas Wharton, Sir George Douglas, Sir Ralph Eure, Sir Wil- liam Bulmer, Balph Bulmer, John Carr of Warke, John Musgrave, and all other gentlemen of the three Marches, " who have travailed and taken payn in those enterprices." — Hampton Court, 20 Nov. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 4. In extenso.] 87. Sir Thos. Wriothesley to the Earl of Hertford. 1542, Nov. 25. — The King has well accepted the doings of his army and commends his execution of the affairs committed to him by the D. of Norfolk and others. And yet his Lordship's letter of the 13th seemed to complain of a lack of instruction and to impute a sudden departure to the others, the things there not being first set in order. This he knows happened rather" for lacke of large writing," as his Lordship should have said that they did what they might, although the furniture was no better than he wrote of, rather than have seemed to accuse them who could not be altogether faulty alone without his Lordship having some part in it. Trusts, however, that now all is on all parts well pacified and contented. The King requires his Lordship before he departs to enquire and make a note in writing of all the laws, con- stitutions, and orders of the Borders, especially of those the inhabitants of the same are bound unto, to be done substantially and yet as secretly as may be, which note he is to bring with him on his return. — West- minster, 25 Nov. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 5. In extenso.] 21 88. Sir Thos. Wriothesley to the Earl op Hertford. [1542], Nov. 28. — Encloses letters to him from "her Ladyship." It hath been thought here that it should not be best for him to cause much corn to be burnt, lest " uppon a face only, the Scotts shuld cause him to doo therin that which might after be repented." This he writes as he has heard it for his Lordship's consideration. — Hampton Court, 28 Nov. I p. 89. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford, &c. [1542], Dec. 4. — Whereas they lately wrote to Sir Thos. Wharton signifying the King's pleasure touching the sending up to London of the Lord Maxwell, with twenty or twenty-four other of the Scottish prisoners lately taken, to be conveyed first to the Lord Scrope, and by him to be brought to the Lord President of the Council in the North ; learning since that time that by his Lordship's appointment the said Sir Thos. Wharton has sent twelve of the number to their Lordships, his Majesty's pleasure is that in case the prisoners have arrived according to the said order, their Lordships should with all convenient diligence see the same safely in an honest sort conveyed to York to the said Lord President accordingly. — Hampton Court, 4 Dec. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 6. In extenso.] 90. The Earl of Tyrone to Henry VIII. 1542-3, Jan. 31. — After commending to his Majesty his son and heir apparent, the Earl of Dungannon, the bearer of the present letter, humbly beseeches him to move his Deputy in Ireland on his return thither to give him relief against such Irishmen as heretofore owed him rent and other duties, of which his ancestors were justly seized, and who do now withdraw the same because they perceive that being the King's servant and subject he no longer uses force against them to obtain satisfaction thereof, and who are not yet so reclaimed that by due order of law he may recover the same. Dated : — "from my house of Dongennene, the lasteof January." Endorsed : — The Earl of Tyrone to the King's Majesty. 31 January, 1543. I p. 91. Sir Thomas Seymour to the Earl of Hertford. [1542-3], March 14. — For lack of weighty matter has sent the news that was sent to him out of Almain by Mr. Wotton. Concerning the two " falcons," the founders have been so set to work lately by the King's commandment, that they will have no time for any other work till that is finished. The King's provision, it appeareth, will cost him ere he goeth over 7,000/. at the least. Westminster, 14 March. Hoi. i\ pp. [A copy of Dr. Wctton's letter p.) relating to affairs in Germany and Piedmont is prefixed."] 92. Sir William Paget to the Earl of Hertford. 1543, March 27. — Has received his letters and such other letters as he has addressed to the King, which he assures him his Majesty takes in right good part. They have prepared as much as they can upon the sea to speak with u my Lord Patriarche," &c, and shall meet with him, Grod willing. 22 From the Emperor they have news that the whole Empire hath declared themselves enemies to France. The King of Denmark's ambassadors are arrived with the Emperor, and there is hope of some unity between them. The Count Palatine Louis the Elector is deceased, and Duke Frederick succeedeth him. Other news there is none, save that the King is now well again, who hath for two or three days been troubled with " a humour descending to his leg." — Westminster, 27 March 1543. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 6. In extenso.'] 93. Treaty. 1543, March 31. — Confirmation of a treaty of peace and friendship between the Emperor Charles V. and King Henry VIII. — Molin del Key, 31 March 1543. Signed : — Charles. Copy. Latin. 13 J pp. [The articles are the same as those of the treaty of 11 Feb. 1542, and are printed with the other instru- ments recited by Bynier, Vol. XIV., pp. 768-780. 94. Sir William Paget to the Earl of Hertford. 1543, April . — The King has received his letters and takes his proceedings in good part. Nevertheless advises him if he should find anything amiss in those parts rather to amend it himself, if possible, than to signify hither that it is amiss, as by such advertisement some of his friends might be offended as in fact has already happened in one instance. Trusts his Lordship will take this his folly in good part, and think that men may better speak or do, being present^ than absent. — Westminster, the day of April 1543. (Postscript.) His Lordship will do well to salute now and then with a word or two in a letter my Lord of Suffolk, my Lord Wriothesley, and others, forgetting not Mr. Denye. 1 p. [Haynes. p. 7. In extenso. ,] 95. League with Scotland. 1543, July 1. — Rough abridgment of the articles of the treaty between England and Scotland, in relation to the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scotland, with Prince Edward, as also of the treaty of peace between the same, dated 1 July 1543. Draft. 8J pp. [The treaties are printed in extenso in Bymer's Fœdera, Vol. XIV., pp. 786-796.] 97. The Duke of Norfolk and Sir Anthony Browne to the Earl of Hertford. [1543], Nov. 14. — Enclose letters addressed to his Lordship, which they have just received from the Council. " Written at Sir Bob 1 Tyr- whitt's house in Lincolnshire this 14th of November/' Endorsed: — " B. from my Lord of Norf. xix. Nov." On the back of this letter is the following note : — "John Hume of the Hithlas, brother to the Lord of Wetherborne, was slayne w*in Couldingam Towar w* a narow att the last Rod before Couldingam. He is birid this day ; att which biriall ther is mani gentell of Skotland att " 23 98. The Duke of Suffolk to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4]. — Has seen the letters addressed to his Lordship by the Lords of the Council, and as regards the making up of the 100/. to " Donmarycke " concerning which they write, that is done already, for it was thought not meet to stick with him for 25/. ; for if the other were well spent so would this be, and if not, it is but the loss of 25/. more. 99. Lord Lisle to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], Jan. 11. — Thanks him for his loving letter, wherein lie perceives that it has pleased his Majesty, having advanced his Lordship to the office of Great Chamberlain, to give to him (Lord Lisle) the office of High Admiral of England, for which " highe rome " he feels himself most unmeet and unworthy, but will do his utmost to serve his Majesty faithfully in this and all other his affairs. — Alnwick Castle, 11 January. [Haynes, p. 8. In extenso.'] ICO. Sir Ralph Constable, Thomas Alrede, and Robert Kellyngham to Sir Michael Stanhope. [1543-4], Jan. 29. — The greater part of the powder issued to them in the second year of the present king's reign has been spent in his Majesty's service at Scarborough and Flamborough, only eight half barrels remaining. Have thought it their duty to apprize him thereof. —Hull, 29 Jan. lp. 101. Sir Wm. Paget to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 3. — Sends herewith an answer in writing from the King to the letter written to his Majesty by the Earls of Angus and Glencairn, with a copy thereof for his Lordship's information, of which he requests to have a duplicate. — Westminster, 3 March (at midnight). I p. Uncloses, The King to the Earls of Angus and Glencairn. 1543-4, March 3. — Has received this day their Lordships' letter, dated at Douglas the last of February, and requiring an answer before the 9th of the present month, but inasmuch as they have written very obscurely without stating in what they require to know his Majesty's pleasure, and have allowed him so short a space of time in which to reply, he can for this time only make answer that if they will instruct Mr. Penven, his Majesty's chaplain, to declare unto his Majesty on their behalf what it is they intend and purpose to do, he will thereupon make such further answer as will content them. Wherefore he inquires them to despatch the said chaplain to him with all diligence, and in the meantime counsels them so to dispose their affairs that their enemies may no more catch them at such an advantage as they have done at their last encounter together. States further that in case they conduct themselves 24 towards his Majesty like men of honour and courage, as he has no doubt they will, they shall not want the aid at his hands that they can reasonably demand. — Westminster, 3 March. Copy. \\ pp. [Haynes, p. 8, In extenso.'] 102. Tho Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. ] 543-4, March 5. — The King having lately instructed the Lord Warton to give to one Dunlanerick, by way of reward for certain services rendered to his Majesty, the sum of 300 crowns, the latter thinking himself but ill-recompensed, sent by his servant an acquittance for a hundred pounds. His Majesty, thinking from certain expressions in Dunlanerick's letters that he may be willing for gain and profit to serve his Majesty's turn in some things, is willing that the three hundred crowns should be made up to the sum of 100 pounds sterling, and directs that he should be asked when he says in his letter " that he woold be redye to further his Majesties aflayres with all leful service," what he meaneth by " lefull service." And also when he says that u he must of his honour if the Cardinal! and the rest of that sorte cum agaynst the King's host, do as they do," whether he means to do against his Majesty's army, or else to serve his Majesty ; and if he intend to serve his Majesty with what kind of service ? His Lordship is further to understand that whereas on the occasion of scarcity of fish in those parts the Duke of Suffolk lately made suit in his letters that his Majesty would give licence to his subjects there to eat white meats, his Majesty is pleased to grant the same. Further, his Majesty's pleasure is that all the Scottish prisoners shall be called in, and kept securely guarded in England until the exploit his Lordship knoweth of shall be finished. — Westminster, 5 March 1543. 2\ pp. [Haynes. p. 9. In extenso.~\ 103. Leonard Grenewood to the Earl of Hertford. [1553-4], March 5. — With reference to the six score tous of timber which he was appointed by his Lordship to provide in " planckes, quarters, and gyests," &c, to be delivered at Hull, begs to be instructed as to the length of the said planks, &c, which is not specified in the schedule furnished to him. — York, 5 March. I p. 104. Sir Ealph Eure to the Duke of Suffolk. [1543-4], March 6. — Reports that the Armstrongs and Nixons of Liddesdale, lately made a raid into Tyndale, and took away certain cattle belonging to one Percy Robson ; and also that yesterday one Edmond Nixon, and certain of Hector Armstrong's servants, came into Tyndale and slew "as proper a man as is within all Tyndale, callide Bartye Yowng, upon no caws but only that the sayde Bartye Yowng's frends was my gydes when I borned Mangerton." Has forborne to avenge these wrongs because these men are " assurede to Englande," but will certainly do so on them or on some of their friends unless he hears from his Grace to the contrary. — Chipchase, 6th March. i\pp. 25 105. The Earl of Hertford to Sir Thos. Wharton. [1543-4], March 7. — Has received his letter of the 5th inst., and also the account of his conference with Lord Maxwell's chaplain, wherein it appears that his Lordship is desirous to meet Sir Thos. Wharton. Thinks it well that he should meet his Lordship in some convenient place, and hear such intelligence a? he has to offer. And as it appears that Lord Maxwell has professed his willingness to give himself up at his Majesty's command when and where it shall please his Grace to appoint, he is to let him know that as it is his Majesty's intention shortly to summon all his Grace's prisoners to come in, his Lordship will by such voluntary surrender be much more thankfully received than if he merely came in on commandment. Requires him finally to be at Newcastle on Wednesday night next, bringing with him Sir John Loder, when he shall know further of his Majesty's pleasure. — 7 March. Draft. 2 pp. (detached.) [Haynes, p. 10. In extenso. 1 1C6 The Duke of Suffolk to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 8. — Has appointed Thomas Nysson to serve his Majesty as post at Alberford in the place of Robert Harpyne, who was found to be very negligent in his duties. Prays his Lordship to afford the said Nysson his support in case the said Harpyne should try to supplant him. Darnton, 8 March. [Postscript]. Sends also herewith a certificate of draught horses from the Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. i P . 107. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 8. — Have, " for the necessity of the thing," des- patched a warrant for the present payment of 912/. 9*. 4c?. Beg him, u when John Hales shall send unto Master Sadleir," to cause a warrant to be made therefore in due form, and to return their warrant unto them cancelled. — Westminster, 8 March. I p. 108. Sir Ralph Eure to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 11. — Has had a conference with one "John Charl- tone the Outlawe," the substance of which he sends enclosed. Also sends his opinion concerning the burning of Jedworth which is the strength of all <; Tyvidale," and that once destroyed, his Majesty may with a small force have all the borders of Scotland at his com- mand. Is informed that the Provost of Jedworth has been with the Governor and the Cardinal to solicit aid from them, to which they replied " that they trustyde not long to be at a quyatnes with Englonde, or ells they shulde have ayde." — Chipchase, 1 1 March. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 12. In extenso.] 109. Sir Wm. Paget to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 1 1. — Answers to various enquiries made by his Lord- ship touching his instructions and equipment. His Majesty's opinion is that it would be well for such as make raids into Scotland, when they have despoiled any towns or states, to leave a written notice on the 26 church door, or some other notable place therein, in the following or similar words : " Youe may thank your Cardinal of this, for if he had not bene, youe myght have bene in quiet and rest, for the contrary whereof he hath travailed as moche as can be, to bring you to sorow and trowble." Gives items of news concerning the progress of affairs on the continent. — Westminster, 11 March, 1543. 4 pp. [Haynes, p. 1 1. In extenso.'] 110. The Earl of Hertford to Sir Ralph Eure. [1543-4], March 12. — Touching the burning of Jed worth b}' certain Scotsmen as he proposes, his opinion is that, if he can be sure that the whole town or the better part thereof shall be spoiled and burnt, then the twenty marks would be well employed in the doing thereof ; but if only that a house here and there is to be burnt, whereby the town shall not be much injured, then he thinks that the twenty marks might be better bestowed. Has appointed a meeting for Monday next to consult on this and other exploits, at which he trusts Sir Ralph will be present. — Newcastle, 12 March. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 13. In extenso.] 1 11. The Bishop of Llandaff to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 13. — Has received his letters dated at Darnton the 1 1th of March, and, according to the effect thereof, has appointed Launcelot Allfurthe, the King's servant, and William Grymstone, gentleman, to go and view the cart-horses mentioned in the certificate sent to his Lordship from Mr. Stanhope, and in that sent to himself by the Sheriff of Yorkshire and other officers, the duplicate whereof he sends by Richard Goldthorpe, the bearer of this letter. Has furcher commanded the aforesaid gentleman to choose and take forth 140 of the strongest of the said cart-horses. Has also sent one Arthur Dyneley (whom he takes to be an honest and witty man) to view all the horses certified by the Sheriff of Nottingham. Requests that the money for the provision of the said horses may be given to the said Richard Gold- thorpe. Further, ascertaining that, at the last return of his Majesty's army from Scotland, the D. of Norfolk and others of his Majesty's Council there sent certain cart-horses into sundry parks in Yorkshire to be there kept, wishes to know whether such of the said horses as may be found in fit condition shall be reckoned as a part of the 140 required. — York, 13 March. Hpp- 112. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 13. — With reference to Lord Maxwell, his Majesty's pleasure is that if he should make his entry according to the summons sent to him by his Lordship, he is to have all necessary assurance. But if he do not enter, his Lordship is to cause to be done " what may be doon. for the annoyaunce of him to the uttermost." — Westminster, 12 March. v I p. [Haynes, p. 15. In extenso.] 27 113. The Earl of Hertford and Sir Ralph Sadleir to the Privy Council. 1543-4, March 13. — Send a certificate of the Mayor and Brethren of Newcastle, by which it will appear that the town is utterly disfurnished and unprovided with all manner of grain, of which there is great dearth and scarcity in all the country thereabouts, especially in Northumber- land and the Bishopric. The said Mayor and Brethren have also shewed unto them that they had made certain bargains in Norfolk and Suffolk for grain which they expected to have had conveyed hither by this time, but the ships sent by them for that purpose have been stayed by their Lordships' command and their bargains frustrated in conse- quence of the general restraint of corn for his Majesty's provisions. Wherefore they pray that such ships may be released and discharged from the ports in which they are now stayed, and that they may enjoy such bargains as they have made for grain, and be permitted to bring the same home with them with all speed. At the same time, as seven sail, supposed to be Frenchmen, have been seen hovering round the coast, they beg to suggest that the said ships should be sent under strong convoy. Ask also that a thousand demy-hakes may be sent for the Kerne who are to be sent hither out of Ireland, and for instructions respecting a sum of 612 pounds nine shillings and four pence, part of a sum of 6,000 pounds left with John Hales by the warrant of two of their Lordships for the furniture of provisions for the enterprise against Scotland. — Newcastle, 13 March. Draft. 4 pp. [Haynes, p. 13. In extenso.~\ 114. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1543-4], March 14. — The bearer has been appointed by the King to "serve him in the capacity of Trumpeter. The Duke of Suffolk's trumpeter, " who is instructed in the French tongue," is required by his Grace for his journey into France. — Westminster, 14 March 1543. I p. 115. The Earl of Hertford to the Bishop of Llandaff, the " President at Tork." [1543-4], March 15. — Has received his letter of the 13th instant, together with the certificate of draught horses by Richard Groldthcrpe, who has received 200 marks in prest for the provision and transport of the same. Thanks him for his diligence herein, and w T ith reference to the King's horses which he mentions as being out " at gresse," he may use as many of them as are sufficiently strong and can by good feeding be got ready towards the making up of the number asked for. — Newcastle, 15 March. Draft. 1 p. 116. The King to the Lords Maxwell and Fleming. lc>43-4, March 20.— Summoning them as his Majesty's prisoners on parole, to come in and submit themselves to the Lord Wharton, Warden of the West Marches, within twelve days within the receipt of the present letters. Given, &c. on the 20th March in the 35 th year of His Majesty's reign. Copy, \\pp- [Haynes, p. 18. In extenso.] 28 117. Sir Wm. Paget to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 21.— Yesterday the Lord Admiral took his leave of his Majesty and this day goes towards Harwich. All the ships in the Thames also this day " avale outward." Prays Grod to send him and them all good speed. Fears the long treaty they are now beginning to enter into with the Earl of Angus and others will keep them from doing any good to his Lordship in Scotland. Prays God to keep them from doing any hurt. — Westminster, 21 March, 1543. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 15. In extenso.] 118. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford, the Bishop of Durham, and Sir Ralph Sadleir. 1543-4, March 21. — His Majesty wishes them to desire his Lordship to signify to the Warden of the West Marches that his Majesty's pleasure is to have two hundred of the best horsemen on the borders in readiness, Sir William Musgrave to Lave the leading and levying of one hundred of them, and the other hundred to be under the leadership and levying of Thomas or Richard of Dacre. His Lordship is also to write to the Warden of the Middle Marches to enquire what horsemen can be spared out of Tynedale and Riddesdale, and whom he thinks meet to have the leading of the same. And whereas his Majesty has been informed that divers Scottishmen, Borderers (who are bound, and some of whom have given hostages to serve his Majesty, and have already according to advertisements received done divers exploits against his Majesty's enemies in Scotland,) have offered to serve his Majesty wherever his Highness should appoint, his Majesty desires him to write to the Lord Wharton and require him to provide, if he can, a hundred and fifty of the best horsemen amongst the said Borderers, who shall hold them- selves in readiness to serve his Majesty in France, at his wages, on due warning thereof being sent to them. His Majesty is also at the Lord Lieutenant's request pleased to permit Mr. (Sir Ralph) Sadleir to go with him into Scotland, notwithstanding the former determination to the contrary. Touching the Scottish prisoners, the King's pleasure is that the chief amongst them, and those most able to do either hurt or good at home, shall be detained and placed where they shall think most convenient ; the rest are to be suffered to return home again, such assurance being taken for their good conduct as is usual in that behalf. Forasmuch as Robert Maxwell, being heretofore summoned to come in, has answered that he is not bound to come in except upon his father's refusal, whose pledge he is, they think it well that his Lordship should take order, in case the Lord Maxwell should not come in on the day appointed, to call upon the said Robert Maxwell to come in according to his promise. — Westminster, 21 March 1543. 5 pp. [Haynes, p. 16. In extenso.] 119. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 22. — The bearer, Sir John Borthwick, knight, has been taken into his Majesty's service with a pension of 300 crowns by the year. His Majesty has appointed him to repair unto his Lordship, giving him 100 crowns as a reward, and desires his Lordship to employ him as he shall see cause. — Westminster, 22 March 1543. I p. 29 120. Edward Shelley to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 22. — This day Sir George Douglas sent a servant of his with information that there are six sail of Scottish ships tarrying for the wind with the intention of making their course to Flanders. The said ships carry three several ambassadors with them, one to the Emperor, another to the French King, and the third to the King of Denmark, to obtain aid for Scotland. It was proclaimed yesterday at Edinburgh that all the " freeholders " and others that were the Governor's friends should be at Stirling on the last day of this month, every man to be victualled for 12 days, to go against the Earl of Lennox and his friends. If the Governor do not prosper in this journey, it is thought that the Cardinal will pass into France. Sir George Douglas hath not been accustomed to send unto him in such affairs, and in order to resort to him personally he must have the Captain's licence so to do, if such should stand with his Lordship's pleasure. — Berwick, 22 March. Endorsed : — " Shelley's Lre to my Lord. Rec d 23 March." Copy. 1 p. 121. The Bishop of Winchester and Lord St. John to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 24. — Reporting in gross the number of ships ready to sail from London and other ports (160 sail), with the amount of victuals and furniture provided. They hope to make a more particular declara- tion in four or five days. — Westminster, 24 March. \\ pp. [Haynes, p. 20. In extenso.~\ 122. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1543-4, March 24. — Requiring him to provide ten ships from New- castle and other ports for the transport of certain wool from Boston to Calais, and also to appoint " wafters " for the said wool fleet and such other ships as shall be sent from time to time with victuals for Calais. — Westminster, 24 March 1543. 1 p. Modern copy of preceding. 123. Sir Thomas Palmer to Henry VIII. 1544, March 25. — Describes the extent of the fortifications at the " Old Man," at Boulogne, and accounts for the apparent slow progress therein. The books that should have been signed for the works at Guisnes by John Burgate, in the place of his brother William, remain still unsigned, and owing to the death of the said John this account causes him much unquietness. Begs to know his Majesty's pleasure in that behalf. — Dated from the Bastillion at the Old Man the 25th of March. Endorsed : — " Sir Thos. Palmer's letter to Hen. 8 from the Old Man at Boulogne. 25 Mar. 1544." 2 pp. 124. The Council to the [Council of the North ?]. 1544, March 25. — Have received their Lordships' letters oi the 21st March, according to the contents of whjch they have written to the Lord Wharton and to Sir Ralph Euere to provide and hold in readiness the number of horsemen therein specified. Draft, ip. 30 125. Sir Thomas Wharton to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], March 26. — Has had before him at Penrith many gentlemen of the West Marches in the county of Westmoreland, upon whom he enjoined the putting of themselves, and those under their rule, in readi- ness for his Majesty's service, according to the proclamations heretofore made. It. there appeared that divers gentlemen, whose names he sends here- with, have sent a certain number of their servants out of the bounds of the West Marches to serve in other places. Thinks it right to advise his Lordship of this " disfurnishment," but has not taken it upon himself to stay the same, it being stated that they were sent to attend on his Lordship at Newcastle. — Penrith, 26 March. I p. 126. Sir Thomas Wharton to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], March 27. — Has been at Keswick, and has had before him all the gentlemen in the west part of Cumberland, to whom he declared his Lordship's commandments as to their readiness to serve the King's Majesty. Finds many that grudge the services required. — Keswick, 27 March. I p. 127. Edward Shelley to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, March 27, — Concerning the provision of biscuit, &c, for the army. Begs his Lordship's safe conduct for certain fishermen of Eye- mouth who have brought into this town, for the victualling thereof, above 10,000 fish, without which provision the garrison would have fared badly. The said fishermen now come daily with their fish, and are at all times ready to serve his Majesty with their great cobles. — Berwick, 27 March. 128. Sir William Eure to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, March 27. — A " Grentilman of the Marse," called Edmond Trotter, who is his prisoner, has assured him that he knoweth perfectly that the Lord Maxwell " travailethe as muche as he canne to bringe agré- ment and a quietnes bitwene the Governor and Therle of Lenhouse " (Lennox) ; one of his own spies also, who was in Edinburgh on Monday last, states that the E. of Lennox was in Stirling on Friday last, and had audience there of the Queen, and that the report in Edinburgh is that the Governor and the E. of Lennox will come to an agreement. Sends the musters of the garrisons of the East Marches.— Berwick Castle, 27 March. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 22. In extenso.'] 129. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, March 27. — His Majesty has received his letters containing the device for the several invasions by land on the East and West Marches at once, when they shall be thought at a point to land with the army by sea, which both he and the Council like very well, and think it would be well to make the Earls of Cumberland and Westmoreland participant thereof, which would encourage them as noblemen desirous to serve his 31 Majesty, and would give them cause to think they are not altogether for- gotten. His Majesty also approves his device for the proclamation which he thinks surely proceedeth from a good heart and will to serve him. And yet inasmuch as if he should cause the same to be proclaimed now at his first entry before he is sure of the feeling of the country towards his Majesty he cannot afterwards burn and , spoil the country with honour, having once proclaimed his Majesty to be as it were chief Governor of the Queen and Protector of the Realm. They think it better, therefore, to defer the proclamation until such time as he shall get the upper hand of the enemy, and the mastery of the country in his hands, and until he shall find that such as should be his Majesty's friends there do join earnestly with him, failing which, " he may fall to burning, having proclaimed nothing openly before, which ought to hinder him therefrom in honour." The Lord Admiral, with the whole fleet, are lying ready without Harwich, and will, they trust, be with them shortly, " God sending them a mery wynde." — Westminster, 27 March 1544. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 21. In extenso.'] 130. Sir Ralph Eure to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, March 28. — Is credibly informed that " a gret sorte of the Lards of Tevedale " intend to make suit to his Lordship secretly to obtain assurance for the space of twenty or forty days, in the meantime making such large offers to his Lordship as they doubt not he would be contented with. He is, however, informed by one of his spies that their intent is only to ascertain whether they will receive the aid which has been promised them by the Governor and the Cardinal within this fortnight, in which case they will stand at defiance with England, and if not they will yield. His poor opinion is, therefore, that unless they will bind themselves straightway to be partakers with England, and give pledges for the same, they shoidd have no assurance or friendship of England. — Chipchase, 28 March. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 22. In extenso.] 131. Sir Ralph Eure to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], March 29. — Has this Friday night received a letter from his father with the muster book of the inhabitants of the East March and of the garrisons there ; and also a letter from a Scotsman directed to his Lordship, which he sends herewith. Has received the returns of the musters for all the Middle March, excepting those of Newcastle Ward, Morpeth Ward, and Tynemouth Shire, the Commissioners of which have not yet returned their books, although Thursday last was the furthest day allowed. Encloses a billet of their names, and has written to them pretty sharply desiring them to bring the said books to him on Sunday next at Newcastle. According to his Lordship's com- mandment, has spoken with the Scotsmen of whom he has bond and pledges, as to the number of men they could provide to serve his Majesty in France on horseback, if they should be called upon ; and they have answered him that in Scotland they are able and willing to do his Majesty good service, but are loth to go into France. Nevertheless they have desired a respite to Thursday next to enable them to speak with their friends. — Chipchase. 29 March. H VP- 32 132. Sir Christopher Morris to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], March 30. — Gives an account of the number of pieces of ordnance, and of the quantity of armour and other munitions at Ber- wick. — From Berwick, " thys Sonday." Endorsed : — " Rec d xxxj March." I p. 133. The King to the Earl of Lennox. [1543-4, March]. — Acknowledges the receipt of his letter by the bearer, his Lordship's secretary, Thomas Bishoppe, and thanks him for his good affection towards his Majesty, which shall receive all honour- able consideration. Has appointed the Warden of the West Marches and Sir Robert Bowes, Knight, to meet at Carlisle such Commissioners as his Lordship and his friends shall send to convene and conclude further on the articles to be observed by both parties. Copy. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 18. In extenso.'] 134. The King to the Earl of Angus. [1543-4], March. — Whereas he, with some other nobiemen friends to his Majesty, has requested that a main army should be sent into Scot- land for their relief ; his Majesty's answer to some part of their request may be perceived by the report of his Majesty's chaplain, Mr. Penven, and Thomas Bishop, the Earl of Lennox's secretary. Desires him to consider how good and gracious his Majesty has been to him ever since the beginning of their acquaintance, and points out to him that, although bound in honour to serve his Majesty loyally, in recompense thereof nothing has by his means taken effect or come to any good purpose. For if he had taken and prosecuted things now gone past earnestly, and like a man of heart and courage, and used his enemies when he had them at advantage, as now he sees they use him and his, he would not have been driven to the point he is now at, nor his Majesty have been put to the charges which he has been, and for his sake now intends to be, in case he and the others shall agree to the reasonable things re- quired of them for the assurance of their good service. Exhorts him, therefore, to bestir himself now, and to play the man, and being a noble- man and a man of known courage, not to suffer himself to be overcome with delicateness at this, when he should show himself most industrious for the preservation of his honour and credit. Assures him that if he now serves his Majesty frankly, he will find that he is a prince who " hath yet in store much liberality to imparte unto him." Copy. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 19. In extenso.'] 135. The King to the Earls of Angus, Cassilis, and Glencairn. [1543-4], March. — Perceiving from Mr. Penven, his Majesty's chaplain, and the Earl of Lennox's secretary, their desire to have a " main army " sent into Scotland for their relief, his Majesty, albeit their proceedings hitherto have been such that he would not easily be induced to be at any further charges on their behalf until he sees some better effect thereof than he has hitherto, yet conceiving by the report of the said chaplain and the said secretary that they will " ernestly re- dubbe things negligently handled in tymes by past," and prosecute what they have in hand against the King's enemies and their own with more constant and better courage than heretofore, has sent unto them \ 33 such an answer by the bearer hereof as will give them good cause to think themselves well satisfied in that behalf. — Westminster, the day of March. Copy. 1 p. [Haynes, pi 20. In extenso.'] 136. [The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford.] [1543-4, March]. — Requiring him to appoint one or two trusty persons to go into Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, and Derbyshire, there to select 140 draught horses for his Majesty's service, to be sent to Newcastle-on-Tyne before the 26th of this present March. Draft. 2 pp. 137. The Earl of Hertford to [Sir William Paget.] [1543-4, March]. — Has received certain letters from Sir Thos. Wharton and also from Sir W. Euers with such espial news and intelli- gence as they addressed to the Duke of Suffolk and himself, which he encloses herewith. Prays him to show the same to his Majesty. Whereas he had appointed the said Sir Thos. Wharton and the other Wardens to have been with him on Wednesday next to arrange certain matters, has now, for the reasons expressed in the said Sir Thos. Wharton's letters, put off his coming and that of the others till Monday, the 17th instant. Also* as the said Sir Thomas -is desirous to know what answer he shall make to Lord Maxwell (if they meet) in case he should desire a new assurance, has written to him directing him to grant no assurance, but to answer that he dare not take it upon himself to do so without his (the E. of Hertford's) consent. Begs therefore to be advertised of his Majesty's pleasure in that behalf. Reminds him of the scarcity of grain, and all manner of victual at Newcastle, and begs him to arrange for the relief thereof before the arrival of the army there. Draft. 2 pp. 138. The Earl of Hertford to Sir Thos. Wharton. 1544, April 2. — With reference to his desire to know how he is to receive the Lords Maxwell and Fleming if they do " enter," and also what answer he shall make Robert Maxwell " anempst " the assurance which he requireth, informs him that the Lords Maxwell and Fleming, if they do enter, are to be used u in honest sorte with gentyli inter- teynment," until he shall know further of his Majesty's pleasure in that behalf, and Robert Maxwell is to be answered in good terms, that con- sidering the old assurance is broken, you dare not take upon yourself to grant any new assurance until the Lord Maxwell, his father, shall make his entry, and so with good words he is to be put off for a time. Endorsed : — " Depeched, 2 Aprilis." Draft. 1 J pp. [Haynes, p. 23. In extenso. ] 139. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, April 5. — His Majesty thinks it well, for several reasons, that the application of Robert Maxwell for assurance should be granted. Notwithstanding his former order therefore, he is to instruct the Lord Wharton to give the said Robert assurance for eight days, to be renewed from eight days to eight days, until the said Robert do fail to assist and help truly and directly the E. of Lennox and the rest of his Majesty's friends.— - Westminster, 5 April 1544. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 23. In extenso.'] u 84066. Q 34 140. The Earl of Hertford to Alexander Gordon. 1544, April 8. — Has received his letter by which he perceives not only the hard case and danger into which the E. of Angus and his father, with other friends of his Majesty are plunged by the treasonable and false dealing of the Lord Maxwell, but also his honest and wise determination to defend and keep the castles of Dalkeith and Tantallon to his Majesty's pleasure. Prays him to persist in such determination and to take great heed lest the Governor and Cardinal with their ad- herents should either by fair words with subtile and crafty persuasions, or by force suddenly entrap them, as they have done the rest of their friends, assuring him of such aid and supply from his Majesty that he need not fear the power of Scotland. Assures him also that in case the Governor and Cardinal do send the E. of Angus and his father into France with the Ambassador and iS the Patriarch," as is expressed in his letter, in the ship called the " Lyon," such order has been already taken that if they proceed to that purpose " they wilbe encountered and mette withall." — Newcastle, 8 April. Draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 24. In extenso.'] 141. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, April 12. — The King, understanding that Robert Maxwell has made certain offers touching the keeping and delivery into the King's hands if need be of Lochmaben and three other places, desires him to send secretly " Patie Gray me, or some other trusty wise man," under colour of some other business, to view the state and strength of the said places ; and in case he shall upon his report perceive them to be tenable, to use any means he can devise to get them into his own hands for his Majesty's use. — -Westminster, 12 April 1544. (Postscript). — Instructions are to be left with the Earls of Westmore- land and Cumberland for their conduct in case of any sudden invasion. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 25. In extenso. ,] 142. The Earl of Hertford to "the Lord Eure." 1544, April 14. — With reference to the message sent by Alexander Grordon respecting Tantallon, he will do well either to write unto him or to send him a message giving him thanks for his honest offer ; he is also to assure him that if he will deliver up Tantallon to the Earl of Hertford on his arrival there with the army, he shall have such liberal reward and yearly pension from the King " that he and all his shall be made for ever." — April 14. Endorsed : — " Lre to the Lord Eure per Alex r Lawder. Depeched xiiij. April." Draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 26. In extenso.'] 143. Sir Ralph Eure to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], April 14. — Whereas his father and himself have been appointed to make an enterprise to burn Haddington at the time his Lordship is landing at Leith with the army, points out that they have hardly sufficient force to draw the enemy after them until the army is disembarked as was intended, and asks that they may be reinforced with one thousand more archers on horseback to be taken from Yorkshire and Durham within six days, if his Lordship can tarry so long, by 35 whose assistance when they have burned Haddington they will be able with half a dozen pieces of ordnance, to keep the Scots occupied for one day in skirmishing, until such time as the greater part of the army were landed. — Alnwick Castle, April 14. (Postcript). — The thousand men being taken from Durham and Yorkshire, his Majesty need not be charged with more than a fortnight's wages at the utmost. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 26. In extenso.] 144. The Earl of Hertford to Sir Thos. Wharton and Sir Robert Bowes. [1544], April 15. — Requiring them, at his Majesty's desire, to send " Patie Grayme " or some other trusty man to find out the strength and situation of the castles of Lochmaben, Carlaverock, and Langhole, which are now in the rule and custody of Robert Maxwell. Endorsed: — " To the L. Wharton and Sir R. Bowes. Depeched xv. Apl." Draft. l\pp> [Haynes, p. 27. In extenso. ~] 145. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], April 16. — His Majesty, understanding by sundry letters and advertisements from the Lord Eure " the good service and manly for- wardnes of John Car, Captayne of Warke Castell," desires him to convey to the said John Car, his Majesty's hearty thanks and assurance of future consideration. — Westminster, 16 April. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 28. In extenso.] 146. The Earl of Hertford to Sir Thomas Wharton. [1544], April 21. — Desires him to appoint a day for Lord Fleming's entry, and to prepare a pledge for him who shall enter Scotland as he shall enter England, according to his request. With reference to Sir Roger Lassels, he having already componed and agreed with his taker for his ransom, is clearly discharged of his cap- tivity. Requests him also to assay and prove Robert Maxwell by requiring the delivery to the King's hands of such of his houses as are tenable, which if he refuses to do, he is to be required to enter as his father's pledge, according to promise, seeing that his father has not. complied with his Majesty's letters in that behalf. Draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 28. In extenso.] 147. Edward Sbelley to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], April 22. — Has showed Sir Christopher Morris the tenor of his Lordship's letter, who has stayed here the hoy and two other small vessels. Asks for instructions as to the lading of biscuit and other provisions, the baking of bread or biscuit, and the brewing of beer. — Berwick, 22 April. I p. 148. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, April 23. — His Majesty has caused six thousand pounds to be despatched to him for the expenses of his return by land. With respect to the strongholds of Robert Maxwell, his Majesty would be glad to C 2 36 have Lochmaben in his hands and also Tries ; but is not disposed towards the giving of any ordnance or munition to the said Maxwell.— Westminster, 23 April 1544. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 29. In extenso.'] 149. The Earl of Hertford to the Privy Council. 1544, April 23. — Signifies their great lack of money, not so much being left as will pay the month's wages of the officers and mariners of the fleet which are now due. Thirty thousand pounds were appointed for the furnishing of this enterprise, but by reason of the long delay of the ships for lack of wind the army hath unfruitfully consumed a month's wages, which if the ships had come in time would have advanced a great piece of the enterprise. They cannot moreover expect to make any money by the sale of the remaining victuals, great deceit having been practised by the petty ministers, and great part of the provision being u so ill that no man can eat it." Draft, 2\ pp. [Haynes, p. 30. In extenso.] 150. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, April 26. — The bearer hereof, Wishart, who came from £< Brounston," has been with his Majesty and for his credence declared the same matters whereof his Lordship hath written. Touching the feat against the Cardinal he hath received for answer that in case the lords and gentlemen whom he named shall undertake the same earnestly, and do the best they can to bring the same to pass, and shall thereupon not be able to continue longer in Scotland, but be compelled to fly into this realm for refuge, his Majesty will be content to accept them and relieve them accordingly. As to their desire to have the entertainment of a certain number of men at his Majesty's charge, covenanting therewith to burn and destroy the abbots', bishops', and other kirkmen's lands, his Majesty thinks the time too short for further communication on this matter by writing as proposed, but if they mind effectually to burn and destroy, as they have offered at the time of his Majesty's army being in Scotland, and will give hostages for their upright dealings therein, his Majesty will take order that one thousand pounds sterling shall be delivered to them for their furniture in that behalf. — Greenwich, 26 April 1544. \\pp. [Haynes, p. 32. In extenso.'] 151. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, April 26. — With reference to his letters of the 22nd and 23rd inst., wherein he declares his want of money, the King who has already three days ago despatched six thousand pounds, has commanded four thousand more to be advanced, which will be sent to-morrow, and de- sires at the same time to express his hearty thanks to his Lordship for his diligence and courage in coming homeward by land. They are in some doubt whether his Lordship intends that the Lord Wharton should go to Jedworth or no, and pray to be resolved on that point. In case he shall see in his return homewards that either Tantallon or any other place lies commodiously for being kept and revictualled, his Majesty's pleasure is that he should take the place and man it, and furnish it with sufficient victuals to last until it can be re-victualled ; and if such place 37 shall lie near the borders, so much the better, for then it can be re- victualled from Berwick. — Greenwich, 26 April 1544. (Postscript). — A "plat" of Tantallon is sent herewith to be used by him as occasion shall serve. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 31. In extenso.'] 152. The Council to Lord Lisle, and the Earl of Hertford. [1544], April 27. — With reference to their letters to his Majesty concerning the deficiency in the provisions supplied to them, have ex- amined the Bishop of Winchester and the Lord Chamberlain on the subject, whose explanations they give in fulh — Greenwich, 27 April. 5 pp. 153. Donna Maria of Arragon to Princess Mary. 1544, April 28. — Has heard from the bearer of this letter, Captain F. that she is very fond of Spanish gloves, and takes the liberty of sending some which she hopes will suit her Highness, &c. — Ballameda, 28 April 1544. J p. Spanish. 154. The Lord Admiral (Lord Lisle) and the Earl of Hertford to the King. [1544, April]. — Complain of serious deficiencies in the quantities of the provisions supplied to them for their enterprise into Scotland, in which it appears his Majesty has been not a little deceived. Have sent for the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches, " and other expert men of these parts," to consult and devise with them how they, with the number of horsemen required to burn Haddington, may join forces with the army at Edinburgh. Draft. 4 pp, 155. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 6. — Signifying his Majesty's pleasure that the Surveyor of Calais should be sent to him with all diligence. The said Surveyor to come to Berwick by sea, and thence by post. — Westminster, 6 May 1544. \p. 156. John Lynne to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], May 6. — According to his Lordship's commandment has repaired to West Chester and Liverpool, to enquire for the kerne who should come from Ireland to serve his Majesty in his wars, and im- mediately after his arrival one Walter Peperd came to Chester with his Majesty's commission to receive 600 of the best of the said kerne and conduct them to London, the remaining 400 being directed to repair to the north parts. ETowever, as yet the said kerne have not arrived on this coast, although the wind hath been lately favourable, and it is reported that, there being two great ships and a barque of war hostile to his Majesty on this coast, the said kerne dare not venture to come till the coast be clear. Nevertheless, he and the said Walter Peperd will remain until they can gain further knowledge of the said kerne, or shall be otherwise commanded. — West Chester, 6 May. Copy, 1 p. 38 157. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. [1544?], May 9. — Whereas one Thomas Bodenham, gentleman, has been lately accused, and " cast " by verdict of twelve men, of having feloniously robbed one John Allshire, whom at the time of the alleged robbery " he did put in jeopardy of his life," it has now been declared to his Majesty that the money pretended to have been feloniously taken from the said John Allshire was by him, without any compulsion, freely delivered up to the said Thomas Bodenham ; these are to require him to enquire into the truth of the said matter, and to certify his Majesty thereof. — Charing, 9 May. I p. 158. The Bishops of Durham and Llandaff to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 14. — They have received a letter from the Privy Council containing a clause to the effect that order should be taken with the Wardens of the Marches to send straightway to Dover such horsemen as are appointed by them to wait upon his Majesty into France, amounting to the number of four hundred, as also the footmen chosen for the same purpose. Have written to the Lord Wharton to have regard that the King's pleasure herein be accomplished. — Newcastle, 14 May. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 33. In extenso.] 159. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford and Viscount Lisle. 1544, May 15. — His Majesty has received the accounts of their pro- ceedings, as well in landing as in the repulse of the E. of Arran and the Cardinall, the taking of the town of Leith, and the burning of Edin- burgh and other towns and villages, and of the " wise, manly, and dis- crete handling" of the charge committed to them, for which he gives them his most hearty thanks. And inasmuch as they wrote that the Scots, after the first taking of the town of Edinburgh, had chosen themselves a new Provost, and made new ramparts, and prepared themselves again for the defence of the said town, his Majesty's pleasure is that if they have not already left Edin- burgh they should cause the gates of that town to be overthrown, and so rased that not only shall there remain in this part a perpetual memory of their untrue and disloyal behaviour, but also the occasion of any such fortification henceforth shall be taken from them. Requires them further on the return homeward to see that the army marches always in good order for defence, so that the voyage honourably begun and carried out may end accordingly. And also, after the return of the army, to appoint 2,900 able soldiers from the landsmen, and one thousand from such as were carried hence by sea, to embark at Newcastle or some other convenient port for Calais, there to be used in his Majesty's wars against France. — Westminster, 15 May 1544. 2| pp. [Haynes, p. 33. In extenso.'] 160. The Privy Council to the Bishop of Durham. [1544], May 15. — Enclose letters to the Lord Lieutenant, which he is to peruse, and then to forward them to bim. His Majesty's further pleasure is that if he has not already taken order with the Wardens for 39 the four hundred horsemen and the others on foot, he should do so, and cause them to be sent to Dover as soon as may he.— Westminster, 15 May. I p. 161. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 154 4, May 16, — The King's pleasure is that in case Sir George Douglas, or any other of that sort, who under pretext of friendship have dealt suspiciously with his Majesty, should now, upon the bruit of their good success, repair unto his Lordship, whatever offers or fair language they may use, his Lordship is to execute and carry out the instructions already given to him, " and not forbeare by the way to burn and spoyle in his journey, without respect to whome the places shall appertayne." — Westminster, 16 May. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 35. In extenso.'] 162. The Bishops of Durham and Llandaff to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], May 17. — Forward three letters received from the Council addressed to his Lordship, and also the copy of a letter sent to the Bishop of Durham by which he will perceive that the King looks for the two hundred horsemen to be sent from these, and as many from the West Borders, besides the footmen, whereof they have advertised the Lord Wharton. — Newcastle, 17th May. I p. 163. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 20. — Whereas it appears by his last letters that the Scots, " notwithstanding this plage wherewith they for their open untrouth and disloyall behaviour, have been moost wortheley and justly plaged, yet of their naturall stoberness and arrogancie prepare to assemble their forces and power against the 24th of this present," his Majesty's pleasure is that, taking the advice of the Wardens and others on the Borders, his Lordship should take such order before the dismissal of the army as will provide for the defence of the same. His Majesty further wishes his Lordship to understand that one " Scott " was lately appre- hended here, upon whose examination it appeared that he was sent by the procurement of a Scottish Lord, called the Lord Massey, to have set fire to London and to have procured by all means the destruction of the same ; to the intent that his Lordship, having special respect to such Scots as are now or shall hereafter come to the Borders, shall take such precautions as may seem to him necessary. — Westminster, 20 May 1544. (Postscript). — His Majesty's pleasure is that the men appointed in obedience to his Majesty's late letters to serve him in the wars against France may be shipped off to Calais with all diligence. 2>\pp. [Haynes, p. 35. In extenso.'] 164. The Bishops of Durham and Llandaff to the Earl of Hertford. [1544], May 21. — Have received his letter, dated at Berwick, by which they perceive that his Lordship intends to stay both the horsemen and the footmen that should be sent from the Borders, whereas the staying 40 was intended only for the footmen. Desire him, therefore, to send up in all haste the two hundred horsemen of. the East and Middle Marches according to his Majesty's letters. — Newcastle, 21 May. I p. 165. Sir Wm. Eure to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 25.— Has received his Lordship's letter, and with regard to his desire that assurance shall be given to the servants, friends, and tenants of Sir George Douglas, till his Lordship's pleasure shall be further known, beseeches his Lordship to write to him (Sir George Douglas) for a particular statement of their names, " with their landes, townes, and steids." For in times past it was his custom, when all those of the East end of the March sustained any loss by the English, to declare that they were his friends and claim redress for them ; but if they did any harm to any Englishman, he " refused them, and said they were["not at his commaundement." And whereas his Lordship writes that " Lyddisdaile and Tyvidaile takethe pryde of the spoiles they have done in th' Este Marches of England," the truth was the greatest and most heinous spoils were by those of the March, who he trusts will prove by the statement now asked for to have been, many of them, those whom Sir George Douglas takes for his servants and friends. Nevertheless,, till he hears further from his Lordship will command stay to be made in the proceedings against all those of the March, except against the servants of Lord Hume, who are far west, adjoining Wark and there- abouts. — Berwick, 25 May. i p. 166. The Earl of Hertford to the King. 1544, May 27. — Sends letters received by him from Lord Wharton, with others addressed to the said Lord Wharton from Drumlaveryk and one Lindsey. In order that his Majesty's money spent upon the garrisons on the Borders may not be unfruitfully employed, he, the said Earl, has devised with the Wardens of the East and Middle Marches that, as soon as their horses, which were much tired and wearied by the late journey into Scotland, shall be well refreshed and rested (which they think will be within 12 days), there shall be a M Warden's rode " made unto Jedworth, not doubting but that, with the grace of God, it shall be feasible enough to win the town, and also the Church or Abbey thereof, which is thought to be a house of some strength, and may be made a good fortress. Begs his Majesty to signify his pleasure whether, in case the said Abbey and Town of Jedworth be won and be found tenable without a " mayn army," they shall arrange with the said Wardens to put a good number of men there as a garrison to hold the place to his Majesty's behoof ; or whether his Highness wishes them to proceed to the burning and utter devastation of the same. And whereas George Douglas, as they lately wrote to his Majesty, desireth assurance for his friends, they think it good, if it shall stand with his Majesty's pleasure (considering that his garrisons cannot yet make any roads or attempts into Scotland, because their horses are so wearied as aforesaid ; and again, because the Lord Maxwell has written for the E. of Angus to come into England, as his Majesty knoweth, whereunto he has as yet had no answer) that the said George Douglas may have assurance for the time, until his Majesty shall see whether the said E. of Angus will come or not, and also till such time as the said road to Jedworth be accomplished ; after which 41 time, unless the said George Douglas and bis friends will put in sufficient hostages and pledges to serve his Majesty, he, the said Earl, will not give them any longer assurance, subject, of course, to his Majesty's pleasure. Finally he, the said Earl, did yesternight break with the Lord Maxwell for his repairing to his Majesty, telling him that his Highness wished to confer with him upon the state of affairs in Scotland, and to have his advice touching the same, whereat " he was marvelously perplexed ; and, as one that having an ill conscience seameth almost to accuse himself hath been in hand with me at the least 6 or 7 tymes, syns he knew of his repay re to your Majestie, to wry te unto the same in his favour,, and to give him my good word unto your Majestic.'' Endorsed .— " To the K.'s Mat e . Depeched xxvij 8 Maii." Draft. 5\ pp. [Haynes, p. 37. In extenso. ~\ 167. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 28. — With reference to George Douglas his Majesty's pleasure is that " 1'orasmuche as, beside his former more than suspitious proceedings, itt doth appere by continuance of the same, that his sayings doth far differ and disagree from his doings," he shall grant him no such assurance as he requires. Perceiving by the letters of the Lord Wharton that he is desirous to know his Grace's pleasure concerning the Bishop of Caithness, now remaining in hostage for the Earl of Lennox, they desire him to inform the said Lord Wharton that his Grace's pleasure is that the said Bishop shall repair hither unto the Court.— Westminster, 28th May 1544. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 38. In extenso J] 168. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, May 31. — His Majesty approves his device concerning the " Warden rode " to be made to Jed worth, and if they should win the Town and the Abbey, is pleased that he should arrange for a suitable number of men to remain as a garrison, his Lordship using in this and all other circumstances touching the same such order as shall seem to him and the Wardens most convenient. His Majesty also thinks the taking of Hume Castle of great importance to the furtherance of his Highness' affairs, as it also may with little cost be made tenable. Touching Sir George Douglas, his Majesty, taking into prudent con- sideration the reports that have been made concerning him from time to time, thinks it most meet that, except he shall deliver good and sufficient hostages for himself and his friends, his Lordship shall in no wise grant any assurance to him, 4 'but procède to the devastacion of his frends and countrees, as occasion shall and may serve yow most commodiously." In the handling of this matter, nevertheless, considering that it may be inconvenient to undertake such an exploit presently, his Lord- ship may for the time, " and for the more sure prove and triall of him," use such other means and devices as he shall think best. His Majesty's pleasure is also that the Earl of Lennox, if he shall come on land of the West Marches, shall be received " in a good and gentle sorte," and that some honest gentleman shall be appointed to conduct and accompany him in his journey towards the Court. The Earl of Glencairn having made suit for a good gelding, his Majesty prays his Lordship to take order with the Lord Wharton to have one pro- vided and sent to him. — Westminster, 31 May. 2 pp . [Haynes, p. 39. In extenso,"] 42 169, Sir Thomas Wharton to the Earl of Hertford. [1544, May 31]. — This Whitsuneve has received a letter from Robert Maxwell, and has also seen an unsealed letter sent from him to the Lord his father by John Douglas, the Lord Maxwell's servant, whoin, together with his despatches, he sends to his Lordship accord- ing to the instructions in his Lordship's letter of the 26th instant. Sends also a letter received by him from Sir George Douglas, and desires to know what answer he shall make both to Robert Maxwell and to the said Sir George. One Robert Graham, called " Gares," has corne to him from Scot- land, where he alleges that he has been by his Lordship's command- ment, asking him <£ if he wold anything to his Lordship." Advertises him that the said " Gares " is servant to Lord Dacres and also served his father. One " Ryneane Gares," a Scotchman, his brother, is servant and Warden-Sergeant to the Lord Maxwell, and one of the said Robert Gaire's sons was lately servant to Robert Maxwell. That son he has now in custody for his offences in intelligence-giving and his " practice " in Scotland. Has lately, in obedience to orders received by him from the Council cf the North, travailed for the appre- hension of divers Turpins and others, " murderers of Rotherfurthe," one of whom, called Martin Turpin, married Lord Dacre's base sister. He and others, " for the more pleasure of my Lord Dacre," have been rather willing to " deface and lett " his service to his Majesty than to advance the same. — " At the Kinges Highnes Castle of Carlisle, this Witsoneve." Hpp- 170. Princess Mary to Lady Hertford, and Queen Catherine Parr to the Same. [1544, June 3. — 1. "Madame, after my mooste herty cômendacons this shalbe to ad^tise you that I have receyved yo r 1res and I hertely thanke you for yo r kinde rememb a unce and the desire ye have of my healthe I have byn nothing well as yet thes holydayes wherfore I p a ye you holde me excused that I write not this to you w* my hand. I have delyved yo r 1res unto the Quenes grace who accepted the same very well. And thus, good Madame I byd you mooste hertely well to fare. At Saynt James the iii daye of June. Your assured frend to my power duryng my lyef Marye." Underwritten : — 2. " Madam, my lord youre husbandes comyng hyther is not altered, for he schall come home before the Kynges maiestye take hys journey over the sees, as it pleasyth hys maiestye to declare to me of late. You may be ryght asseuryd I wold not have forgotten my promyse to you in a mater of lesse effect than thys, and so I pray you most hartely to thynke. And thus w* my very harty comendations to you I ende, wyshing you so well to fare as I wold myself. Your asseuryd frend, Kateryn the Quene, K.P." Endorsed : — " To my Lady of Hertford. Q. Katheryne to the La. Hertford." \P> 43 171. Sir Ralph Eure to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, June 7. — Prays that his father "being something crosside," may remain at home this time and that he may conduct " the exploit " in his stead. Will take such order that his father's men shall be " rewlide " by him and the enterprise accomplished as much to the honour of his Majesty and of his Lordship as if his father were there present. With reference to the hundred men which his Lordship com- manded him to have in readiness to serve the King in France, he appointed a muster of the gentlemen of the country at Newcastle, but divers of them disobeyed his letters and would not come to the muster. Some of these are pensioners and have livings of the King which he thinks they ought to lose. Intends on his return from Scotland, if his Lordship's pleasure is not to the contrary, to take the same gentlemen and put them in Ward for disobeying his commandment. — Warkworth Castle, 7 June. (Postscript). — Would be glad if his Lordship could spare him his " Trompyte ;" and if it were possible that he might have him on Monday morning by six or seven of the clock 61 it shoulde be a grete encorag- ment for our men and a discourage for the Scotts." I p. [Haynes, p. 41. In extenso.'] 172. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, June 9. — Sir Peter Mewtys having made suit to the King that being appointed to serve his Majesty with 500 hacquebutiers (part of whom are already sent to Calais) that he might have with him Walter Urbes and Robert Crache, who were " Peti-capitaynes" under him in the late voyage into Scotland, they are to be sent up with all diligence and to bring with them such eight other hacquebutiers as they shall think meet. The E. of Lennox has arrived at Chester and is expected at Court within one or two days. — St. James, 9th June 1544. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 41. In extenso.] 173. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford. 1544, June 11. — Herewith he will receive his Majesty's letters for his return, and also letters and a commission for* the E. of Shrewsbury whom his Highness hath appointed to supply the place of his Lieutenant General in those parts ; to whom he is requested to communicate the whole state of affairs there and to assist him by his good advice and otherwise. His Lordship will also receive a minute of a letter to be sent from the Lord Wharton to the E. of Grlencairn which, when he has read it, he is to forward to the said Lord Wharton to be by him addressed accord- ingly. — St. James, 11th June 1544. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 42. In extenso.] 174. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir John Wallop. [1544, June ?] The King's pleasure is that he should advertise him, [the D. of Norfolk], with all possible diligence of such conference and communication as he has had with the two persons mentioned in his Majesty's last letters ; and if he has not yet spoken with the last of them, as soon as he has done so, to send his discourse with all speed by a trusty messenger. — " From Canterbury, this Whitsunday." I p. 44 175. John Dudley (Viscount Lisle) to the Lord Privy Seal. J 544, July 20. — Has received this night at 9 of the clock his Lord- ship's letters with the King's instructions for their voyage, which they will endeavour to accomplish to the uttermost of their power. — ' ' Scrybled in haste in the Downes the xxth day of July (attending thes thyngs wch we have nowe recey ved) w* thrude hand of yo r most bounden. John DuDDLEY." Endorsed .— " Mr. Dudley. 1544." I p. 176. John Burston to Sir John Thynne. [1544?], Aug. 11. — Arrangements as to a marriage settlement to be made by one of Sir John Thynne's servants. i P . 177. Surrender of Boulogne. 1544, Sept. 13. — Articles agreed upon between the Duke of Suffolk and M. Jacques de Coucy, Seigneur de Ver vins, for the surrender of Boulogne by the French King to King Henry VIII. — The Camp before Boulogne, 13 September 1544. Endorsed: — "Kecepi 18 Septembr. 1544." Copy. French. 3 pp. [Printed in extenso in State Papers^ Henry VIII., Vol. X., pp. 66-68.] 178. Francis I. and Charles V. 1544, Sept. 24. — Copy of the treaty between Francis I. and the Emperor. — Warty, 24 September 1544. French. 18 pp. [See Dumont. Recueil des Traitez» Tome IV., Partie ii., pp. 179-287. In extenso.'] 179. The Privy Council to the Earl of Hertford, the Bishop of Winchester, and Dr. Wotton. [1544, Oct. 31]. — Containing instructions as to what they shall say in their conference with the Emperor (Charles V.) touching the peace with France, and inclosing a copy of the answers to be made by his Majesty's Commissioners to the French Ambassadors concerning the cession of Boulogne, to be communicated by them to the Emperor. [ The original letter of which this is an imperfect copy is printed in State Papers, Hen. VIII., Vol. X., p. 161.] Copy. 5 pp. [Haynes, pp. 56-60. In extenso.] 180. Invasion of Scotland. 1544, Nov. 17. — Exploits done upon the Scots from the beginning of July, Anno 36 Henry VIII. to Nov. 17. 15 pp. [Haynes, pp. 43-51. In extenso.] 181. Naval Affairs. [1544?]. — Ships* rigging and stores received from Dantzig, delivered to Master Gonson. A Boll, 6 feet long. 45 182. " E. Suffoulk" to . [1545 ?], March 30. — Has forborne to write to her all this while hoping to have been able to send her some other news. Has thought it his duty to visit her with these letters in order to learn her estate in " this her heaviness," praying her to be as plain with him in stating her con- dition, and what she lacks, as he has in times past been bold to seek redress at her husband's hands. Assures her that, though he lacks such plenty as he could wish to help her with, he will have no penny in the world that will not be always readily at her service. Has not been slothful in her husband's behalf, and if his letters do not speed soon will make the more haste up himself. When they have done what they can the matter iieth in God's hands who will order all things for the best. — Grimsthorp, 30th March. i P . 183. Pedro de Ganboa to the King. 1545, April 14. — Believes his Majesty is informed by advice of the General of Calais that on Saturday last he went to Boulogne on his Majesty's service. Thereupon two of the captains at Calais, Captains de Mora and Arze, taking advantage of his absence, repaired to Lord Grey, the General of Guisnes, and obtaining from him by false repre- sentations a licence to go into France, together with guides and pass- ports, on Sunday last mustered their companies to the number of 100 men and deserted into France, the soldiers obeying them under the impression that they were about to make a raid. This evil counsel has put him and the rest of those in his Majesty's service into great con- fusion, and they will undergo any risk and peril to remedy the evil thus committed. It appears that another Spanish captain, John de Haro, had concerted with the others to pass into France, but a Captain Mon- toya, a true servant of his Majesty, gave notice of his intended treason, and on his attempting to put his purpose into effect, two English cap- tains endeavoured to bring him back into Calais, and on his refusal killed him and 20 or 25 of his men, the rest of his company being either taken prisoners or taking refuge with the other two companies. All this took place during his absence. Has pacified the disturbance and all the Spaniards offer to serve his Majesty at his pleasure. Refers his Majesty for further particulars to Cesar de Encinas for whom he pray credence. — From Calais, the 14th of April 1545. Spanish. 2 pp. 184. Solly, co. Cornwall. 1545, June 6. — Lease to Sir T. Arundel of certain rights in Scilly, Cornwall, formerly in possession of the monastery of Tavistock, Devon, now dissolved. — June 6, 37 Henry VIII. Note at foot that the rent has not been paid by Arundel, and that there has been no minister found by him there, without which the lease is void. Latin, 2\pp. 185. Viscount Lisle to Henry VIII. [1545], July 21. — Respecting an intended movement against the French fleet. Will not do anything without receiving instructions from his Majesty. — In the " Harry Grace à Dieu," 21 July. Endorsed:— 21 July 1545. S pp. [Haynes, pp. 51-2. In extenso.] 46 186. Invasion of Scotland. 1545, Sept. 23. — Fortresses, abbeys, friar houses, market towns, villages, towers, and places burnt, razed, and cast down under the Earl of Hertford, the King's Lieutenant-General in the north parts, in his invasion of Scotland, from 8 to 23 Sept. 1545. Total 287. 4 J pp. [ Hay nes, pp. 52-54. In extenso. ~\ 187. The Bishop of Meath, Sir Gerald Aylmer, and Sir Thos. Cusack to Sir John Thynne. [1545?], Sept. 30. — Whereas a seizure of halfpence, packed in bags, had been made on the coast of Wales by one Copinger (a servant of Sir John Thynne) and others, supposing them to have been " forssed complaint whereof had been made to the Lord Deputy and Council by one Coynye, to whom the bags belonged, who alleged that two of the said bags had been abstracted ; they, at the request of the said Copinger, hereby certify that, having examined into the circumstances, they find that he was blameless in the matter, and had always been to their knowledge truthful and honest. Signed : — Edward Miden. Gerald Aylmer, Justic. Thomas Cusake, Mr Rottlof . I p. 188. Boulogne, &c. [1545]. — A brief statement of various sums of money sent to Boulogne, Calais, and Guisnes since the coming of the King from Boulogne, the total amount being 115,720/. 34?. Modern copy of preceding. 189. Boulogne, &c. [1545], — " Note of the defraying of victuals for Bullogn, Callais, &c, with the discourse of the Parliament." The charges are for six months, December to May, for Boulogne, Calais, sea matters, munition, &c, total, 180,000/., " and, the Parliament going forward, there will lack of this sum 44,000/." " Discourse of the Parliament." That Parliament begins the 1st of February, and cannot end before the last of February. Of what time must be allowed for levying the money required, and whether it had better be by levy of Parliament or by benevolence. — Undated. 5 pp. [Haynes, pp. 54-56. In extenso.] 190. Foreign Goods. [1545]. — "Ici est contenuz des queux marchandises venaunts e Loundres," &c. Bates of scavage to be charged on foreign goods (specified) entering London. [At the head is the date 1545, in a contemporary hand, but crossed out.] î\pp. 191. Will. 1545-6, Feb. 9.— Copy of the will of John Grymstone (the elder) of Edmonton. 47 192. Treaty between England and France. 1546, June 7. — Copy of the treaty of peace between Henry VIII. and Francis I., King of France ; the French king to pay the pensions due under previous treaties, and 2,000,000 crowns; Boulogne to be restored in 1554. — Campen, 7 June 1546. Latin. 9 pp. [Printed in extenso in Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XV., pp. 93-98.] 193. Treaty. 1546, July 7. — Ratification by Henry VIII. of the treaty of peace between England and France, dated Campen, 7 June 1546. Heading : — "The copy of the ratification. Tractatus Campensis de dat. 17 Julii 1546, super renditione ville Bollonie post 8 annos." Latin and French. 19 pp. [The articles are printed in Rymer's Fœdera, Vol. XV., pp. 94-98.] 194. Boulogne, &e. [1546], Nov. 4. — Victuals and other things sent, and ready to be sent, to Boulogne, and such as shall be sent thither monthly for 5 months, for 8,000 men.— Nov. 4. S pp. 195. William, Lord Howard to John, Lord Russell, Lord Privy Seal. [1546], Dec. 11. — Advertises him that "upon Allhollonday in the morning," the 12th day after his departure, he came to my Lord of Winchester at a town called Grenoble three score mile and more beyond Lyons, where they were forced to tarry till Monday to make provision for victuals to carry with them, knowing that they would find none on the way ; so that they could go no further in a day than their bag- gage might reach at night, and were six days before they came to the town where they found his Grace, which is called Bryanson, a hundred miles beyond Grenoble, and did ride continually amcng the mountains. Prays him to consider what it is to pass the mountains at this time of the year, when they are covered with snow, and begs his good word with the [King, on account of this ill journey. His Lordship has sent him to a king that is very strange to know. Will declare him on his coming home. — i( Bryanson," 11 Dec. I p. 196. Prince Edward to Henry VIII. [1546]. — "Si filiorum pietas omnibus ofiiciis parentes suos prosequi debet, venerande pater, non sum adeo tenerae etatis quin possim intelli- gere officiuni meum esse omnibus modis gratificari majestati tuae ; non solum quia pater es, sed quia pater pientissimus, et filii tui amantis- simus. Quare cum nullum adhuc aliud oflicium pietati tuse prestare possum prêter salutationes, idque per literas non per sermonem, visum est iterum scribere. Peto autem a celsitudine tua benedictionem mihi impertiri, ut videre celsitudinem tuam gestio, sic non importune peto, nisi celsitudini tuœ placuerit. Opto denique atque oro deum, ut diutissime ac felicissime vivat tua majestas. Majestatis tuas filius obsequentissimus. Edouardus Princeps." Addressed : — " To the kinges majesti my father." Holograph, f p. 48 197. Sir Eichard Lee. [1546]. — Parcel of the lands and possessions of Eichard Lee, knight, viz., the Manor of Tring, co. Hertford. — Dated, 37 Hen. VIII. %p. 198. Calais, &c. [1546]. — Proportion of victuals for the garrisons of Calais and Guisnes, and for the north parts : 30,000 men for 40 days. — Undated. S pp. 199. Calais. [1546]. — Ships to serve for transporting men to Calais (20 ships, 524 mariners, 5,000 soldiers) : the Great Galley, the Samson, the Grande Maistre, &c. — Undated. \ P . 200. Boulogne. [1546]. — Note of such provisions as be now sent, and are ready to be sent, to Boulogne, " besides the victuals for 5,000 men on the sea, which shall now be victualled at Portsmouth, and besides the victuals first sent to Calais and Boulogne." — Undated. If pp. 201. Boulogne. [1546]. — Victuals to be provided monthly within certain shires, and to be transported to Boulogne, for five months, beginning November. — Undated. 202. Panegyric on Henry VIII. [1546?]. — "Ad serenissimum potentissimumque Anglise et Francise Eegem, Henricum octavum, propter suam felicem, ut sic dicam, octavi- tatem qua Octaviano Imperatore, ob res tarn bello quam pace féliciter gestas non est inferior, aliquot senarii iambici." Begins : — " Octavus es Eex clare Eex et inclyte Henricus hoc in orbe solus est potens." Ends : — " Serenitati prospère rogamusque Nostras bénigne sumat ut recululas." i P . 203. Sir Henry Long to the Duke of Somerset. [1546-7 ?], Jan. 22. — Whereas he wrote some time ago to his Grace touching his lease of the herbage of Vastarne Parke, and received in reply a letter from his Grace's steward, Mr. Thynne, stating that his Grace had then no time to take order for the same, which long delay is much to his hindrance ; prays once more that he may enjoy the herbage according to his lease. — Dray cot, 22 January. P.S. — Has written to the Earl of Warwick begging him to intercede with his Grace in this behalf. I p. 49 204. Fortification*. [1546-7?] — " Certain fortifications to be made, according to the King's Majesty's device, at hi i Highness' town of Portsmouth and his Grace's Castle of Southsea." " First, a great bastillion to be made before the gate. u Item, the Town to be closed in between the corner bulwark and the great Storehouse with a vameur of turf and a great dyke. " Item, from the said Storehouse, all the wharfs to be set with maunds, filled with earth, till we come to the town wall between the tower and the platform. " Ttem, a bastillion to be made from the corner of the Murder-house to the end of the pale, with maunds towards the sea, and with planks towards the haven within. " Item, the great platform to be set with maunds, and filled with earth. " Item, at the Castle of Southsea eight flankers to be made with stone, four close traverses to be made, timber and planks, and two long traverses to be made of timber, to beat the entry of the platforms. " Item, the platform of stone to be brought to his height, and set with maunds. "Item, to make the bulwark of earth next to the Southsea (sic) as strong to the land, as it is to the water, and to make a ditch with a bank from the bulwark to the plash." I p. [ Cf. State Papers, Domestic, Ï 546-7, Feb.] 205. Inhabitants of Westminster. [Hen. VIII].— Copy of a charter dated 3 Feb. 25 Hen. VI. granting to the inhabitants and commonalty of Westminster, their heirs and successors, the waste water or overflow from the conduit in the Royal palace at Westminster. [See Patent Roll, 25 Hen. VI., Part 2, m. 35.] Latin. 1 p. EDWARD VI. 206. Treaty. 1546-7, Jan. 31. — Ratification by the Émperor Charles V. of the explanation of certain articles in the treaty with England of 11 February 1542, dated Utrecht, 16 January 1546. — Utrecht, 31 January 1547. Copy. Latin. 3f pp. [Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. XV., p. 118. In extenso.] 207. Confirmation of a Treaty. 1546-7, March 11. — Treaty confirming the treaty between Francis I., King of France, and King Henry VIII., dated Campen, 7 June 1546. Endorsed : — "Recepi 17 Martii 1546 post horam 11 noctis." Copy. Imperfect. 6| pp. [Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. XV., p. 139. In extenso.] 208. The Privy Council to all Mayors, &c. 1547, May 28. — A mandate to provide post-horses for the bearers who are journeying towards the Earl of Hertford in the North. — Westminster, 28 May, 36 Hen. VIII. I p. u 84066. D 50 209. Sir Henry Longe to the Duke of Somerset. [1547 ?], July 15. — Beseeches his Grace to be a good and gracious lord unto him, and, as he has long been a suitor unto him concerning " Vastorne Parité," to grant that he may be restored to the same during his lease, according to right and good conscience. — Draycot 15 July. I p. 210. [Sir John Tiiynne] to Sir H. Long. [1547 ?], July 22. — With regard to his suit to be restored to the remainder of his lease of Vastarne Park, reminds him of his bargain to surrender his interest in the said lease to his Grace (theD. of Somerset), for the sum of 200/., which can be attested by his own servants, and requests him either to send for the money accordingly or to appoint when it may be sent to him, and thus to fulfil the bargain he has made. — -Eston, 22 July. Copy. 1 p. 211. [Sir John Thynne] to Mr. Pye. [1547 ?], July 22. — Prays him, on his Grace's behalf, to repair to Sir Henry Long, and, with reference to the claim of the latter to Vastarne Park, to persuade him to fulfil the bargain made between himself and Sir John Thynne for its surrender to his Graced use. — Eston, 22 July. Copy. 1 p. 212. Edward VI. and the Duke of Somerset. 1547, Aug. 21. — "Abstract of the Deed of the great exchange between King Edward the Sixth and the Duke of Somerset," dated July 26, 1 Edw. VI. [1547]. This deed confirms and carries into effect a deed of exchange made between Henry VIII. and the Duke of Somerset. The abstract describes the Wiltshire lands to be given up by the Duke of Somerset, but furnishes little information of the lands he is to receive in exchange. Noted as having passed the Augmentation and Chancery Courts, Aug. 21 [1547]. " Extracted by Christopher Smith, Clerk of the Pipe." Modern Copy. 6 pp. 213. John Mardeley. 1547, Sept. 6. — Poem on the ingratitude of the Scots, by John Mardeley, Clerk of the Southwark Mint. Begins : — " When I do consydre, that unto oure salvacyone, Their ys but one onely waye, to lyfe eternall." Ends : — " And fre withoute boundage with us to remaigne, As in one hole kingdome called great breataigne." 15 pp. 214. The Earl of Warwick to the Duke of Somerset. [1547], Sept. 17. — Has received by "Master" Mason a message from his Grace by which he perceives that his Grace hath his bold suit in remembrance. Begs him not to be offended therewith, as he is a suitor for the house in question in no otherwise than as a purchaser, though " marry, to 51 have as easy a purchase as my Lord's grace may conveniently spare yt."— Ely Place, 17 Sept. [Postscript]. — His wife and Lady Clinton have been very sick, and he himself, being at the E. of Southampton's house, felt there "soche a dampish savour that he thought he was stricken to the heart, and ever since hath been very ill in his stomach. 2 pp. 215. Archibald Douglas to John Douglas. [1547], Oct. 1. — States the distressed condition he is in, and craves speedy assistance. — Paris, 1 Oct. [1547?: the year has been struck out]. i P . 216. Parliament. [1547, Nov. 4]. — Roll of knights and burgesses returned to Parlia- ment, 1 Edward VI. 12 pp. 217. Sir Edward North to the Lord Protector. [1547 ?], Nov. 10. — Begs hiin to be "his gracious Lord" in the matter of the suit mentioned in a letter herein enclosed. Will never mind to trouble his Grace with speech of friends therein, but will re- ceive his goodness therein as shall seem unto him most meet. Assures his Grace that his favourable consideration thereof will put him in courage and comfort again, " whych undoughtydlye he hadde not syns Mydelent last past." — Nov. 10. I p. 218. The Protectorship. [1547]. — The names of those who signed the Patent of Protector- ship, and the "Patent of Eight Thousand Marks." i P . 219. The Protectorship. [1547]. — Notes concerning the office of Lord Protector. Stating the ages of the several Kings of England for whom Protectors were appointed, &c. i P . 220. Roger Choi meley and others to Queen Katharine Parr. [1547]. — Whereas her Grace desired to be advised by them whether a certain oath taken by the King's servants, and sent for their con- sideration, is invalidated by his Majesty's decease, they reply that they think not. Touching certain other questions submitted to them, they have delivered their opinions to Sir Anthony Cope, her Grace's Vice- Chamberlain. Signed : — Roger Cholmeley, Richard Morgan, Robert Broke, Thomas Atkyns. Endorsed : — Minutes noting the Queen's estate and some [of] her Grace's affairs depending upon the same. i p. D 2 52 22 1 . Articles to be submitted to the Lord Protector concerning the Household at Bromeham. [1547]. — Asking, whether the Lady Seymour is to remain at Brome- ham ; also asking directions as to the payment of necessary expenses, as to the continuance of certain annuities to several gentlewomen of the household, and the granting to them of other privileges for which they make request. I The answers are noted in the margin.) — Undated. lp. 222. The Duke of Norfolk. [1547]. — Stuff delivered to the Lord Protector and others belonging to the late Duke of Norfolk and Earl of Surrey. — Undated. 223. The Duke of Norfolk. [1547]. — The Duke of Norfolk's stuff delivered by my Lord Pro- tector's grace to sundry persons. — Undated. h\pp. 224. William Gonson. [1547]. — Inventory of the goods of William Gonson, deceased. hp- 225. Treatise on England. [1547]. — Three dialogues between a knight, a merchant, a doctor, a husbandman, and a craftsman, as to the Common Weal of England. [ There is a full account of this treatise in the Report on the MSS. of the Earl of Jersey, by Mr. J. C. Jeaffreson. See Eighth Report of Hist. MSS. Commission, App. I., p. 93.] 135 pp. 226. Naval Affairs. [1547 ?]. — Muster roll of the navy; captains, ships, tonnage, and men. Total : 68 ships of war, 10,811 men. — Undated. Begins : — The Lord Admiral- -Henry Grace à Dieu Sir Geo. Carew — the Mary Rose. Peter Carew — the Great Venetian. A\pp. 227. Naval Affairs. [1547 ?]. — Note as to ordnance of certain ships. The King's Gal- lyot, the Great Pinnace, the shallop at Deptford, the Marlyon, the shallop Hulton. — Undated. J p. Corrected in pencil. 228. Aliens. [1547 ?]. — Particulars of aliens who sue to the King to be made denizens. — Undated. 7 pp. 229. Ireland. [1547 ?].— Brief of the getting and of the decay of Ireland, and ordinances and provisions for the same. — Undated. 30 pp. 53 230. Colleges and Chantries. [1547 ?]. — Colleges and chantries whereof my L. grace has granted the preferment. — Undated. 22 pp. 231. The Controversy with Rome. [1547 ?].- -Controversial inter nostrum et Romanam ecclesiam. — Undated. 54 pp. 232. Anthony Brasavola. [1547?]. — Antonii Musae Brasavoli, Medici Ferrarieusis, in octo libros Aphorismorum Hippocratis et Galeni commentaria et annota- tions. — Dedicated to Henry [VIII.]. 802 pp. 233. Katherine Parr. [1547 ?]. — Religious poem in French by Katherine Parr, with intro- duction by another writer. Introduction begins : — u Celuy qui a eu du prouffit beaucoup Par avoir leu ce traité, en desire Autant, ou plus, au lecteur, chacun coup Qu'il luy viendra à gré d'y vouloir lire." Ends : — " Auquel soit gloire et louange éternelle A tous jamais en terre universelle." "Amen." Poem begins : — " Considérant ma vie misérable Mon coeur marbrin, obstiné, intraitable, Outrecuidé, tant, que non seullement Dieu n'estimoit ny son commandement." Ends " Qui préparé vous est divinement Ains que le monde eust son commencement Au Pere au Filz au Saint Esprit soit gloire Loz et honneur d'éternelle mémoire." " Finis. 114 pp. 234. Proclamation. [1547 ?]. — Proclamation attributed to Edward VI. Begins : — " Forasmuch as it hath pleased Almighty God," &c. Ends : — " that they may apply themselves also to follow it accord- ingly." Extracts ; — " Yea how little our laws made touching the abolishing of the usurped power of the Bishop of Rome be put in execution against such persons as in corners do mutter for the continuance and advancement of the same." "Seditious tales that we had departed our present life," &c. " to leave the great excess in apparel and delicate feeding." " parents to keep their children from the evil and pernicious games of dising, carding, bowling, tenys, coy tes, closshes, and the like." 54 Endorsed : — " A K. protestation after his coronation." " H. 8. his protestation after he was crowned to his subjects." [Pencil note says of above endorsement : " hand of Wriothsley."] 25£ pp. 235. The " Interim." 1548, May 15. — A translation of the Preface to the " Interim," a con- stitution proposed by the Emperor Charles V., and ratified in the Diet at Augsburg on the 15th May 1548, as a measure to be observed during the interruption or adjournment of the Council of Trent. [The " Interim" together with the preface, of which this is a translation, is printed in the " Constitution's Impériales" by Goldastus, Vol. I, p. 518]. Si pp. 236. Mr. John Fowler to the Lord Admiral. 1548, Juue 26. — Writes at the King's request to say that his Majesty desires the Lord Admiral, if he conveniently may, to let him have some money. His Majesty will name no sum but such as it pleases his Lord- ship to send him. There is no news but that the Bishop of Winchester preaches before the King on St. Peter's day at Westminster. Desires his Lordship to burn this letter. " Written in haste at St. James's, the 26th of June." [At the beginning of this letter is written in the King's own hand : — " 1 commende me to you my Lord, and praie you to credit this writer. — Edward."] 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 75, In extenso.] 237. Memoranda addressed to the Lord Protector by E. Wotton and others, the Commissioners in Kent. [1548], July 18. — In case the King of Arms had not gone thither their journey had been in vain, for on the first day many behaved them- selves rudely to that officer. They have been enforced to give not only letters of assurance to the people that retired, but also to the poor a piece of money each for their conduct home. This they think will amount to 80/. or 100/. They think that the King's pardon for all offences committed up to the present date should be sent to them to enable them to discharge such letters of assurance as they have given. They also ask that the procla- mation for tale-bearers last made may be sent to them, together with authority to make proclamation at Maidstone and elsewhere, that all such as are disposed to serve the King at Boulogne or in Scotland may repair to them, and that they may have money to supply such persons with coats and conduct money. They also send certain articles for his Grace's consideration which have been exhibited to them by a great number of the Commons for presentation to his Majesty. Signed by : — E. Wotton, the Attorney-General, James Hales, G. Harper, and John Norton. Endorsed: — " Remembrances from the Commissioners in Kent. 18 July." Hpp- 238. Richard Weston to the Lord Admiral. 1548, July 19. — As concerning the contents of his Lordship's letters sent to the writer by the bearer hereof, Mr. Carell and Mr. Gawde are now in the country. Howbeit at the time of his request to them to know their opinions in the said two Articles, Mr. Antony Browne of the Temple was present for the same cause, and can witness their answers made to the writer. Such lawyers as are of long continuance in study of the law, and in estimation, therefore, for their knowledge and judgment, are now out of London in their several countries, whence they will not return till next term ; but meantime the writer will do his utmost to get the opinions of as many of the best sort as are in London, following his Lordship's will and pleasure touching all such as shall refuse the declaration of their opinions in the same. " Occasion so serveth that your lordship's business in London finished, I cannot till a farther knowledge of your lordship's pleasure attend upon your lord- ship according to my bounden duty and as I intended, for that we have very late been visited with the plague in the Temple, which yet con- tin ueth." His Lordship's lease is not yet sealed, but when it is finished the writer, according to command, will retain it until his Lordship's return to London. — London, 19 July. Endorsed ; — 1 548. 1 p. [Haynes, pp. 73, 74. In extenso.] 239. The Lord Admiral to the Marquis op Dorset. 1548, Sept. 17. — Whereas at the time of the Queen's death, being both amazed at his great loss and thinking that it would constrain him to break up his household, he offered to send back the Lady Jane to his Lordship, he now, finding that by God's help he will be able to continue his house without any great diminution thereof, and fearing lest his Lordship should think it unkind in him to take occasion to rid himself of the Lady Jane so soon after the Queen's death, desires to keep her till he shall next see his Lordship. The Lady, his mother, will, he doubts not, be as dear unto the Lady Jane as though she were her own daughter and for his own part he will continue her half father and more. Endorsed : — " The Coppye of a Lre to my Lord Marquess Dorset the 17th of Sept. 1548." 2\ pp. [Haynes, p. 77. In extenso.'] 240. The Marquis of Dorset to the Lord Admiral. 1548, Sept. 19. — Acknowledges the friendly affection of his Lordship in offering his daughter an abode in his Lordship's house, for which he renders him most deserved thanks. Nevertheless, considering her tender years and her need of careful education and admonition, he begs his Lordship to commit her to the governance of her mother. — From Brood- gate, the 19th of September. Endorsed .-—"My L. Marq. Dorset, the 19th of Sept. 1548." 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 78. In extenso.] 241. Lady Frances Dorset to the Lord Admiral. [1548], 19 Sept. — Gives him most hearty thanks for his brotherly good- will in wishing to have the Lady Jane, her daughter, still in his house, but trusts nevertheless that he has such good opinion of his sister as to be willing to charge her with the care of his dear niece. Promises 56 to be ready at all times to account to him for the ordering of her, and also to use his counsel and advice in the bestowing of her when it shall happen. — From Broodgate, the 19th of September. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 79. In extenso.] 242. The Lord Admiral to the Princess Mary. [1548], Dec. 17. — After stating that the late Queen, whose soul God hath, did often during her lifetime declare unto him, when talking of such jewels and other things as were kept from her possession by his brother, that she [the Princess Mary] knew and could well testify how and after what sort the King used to depart with things unto her, and particularly with regard to the jewels which the King delivered to her at the coming of the French Admiral. And inasmuch as it may happen that a further communication will hereafter be made for the trial of her title unto them, he begs her Grace to let him have a brief note in 3 or 4 lines of her own knowledge whether his Majesty gave her highness the said jewels or did only lend them to her till such time as the " triumphs " were finished, which some few persons do think. For her opinion he will be greatly bounden to her Grace. Has sent the bearer to wait upon her this Christmas, and to renew such lessons as he thinks she has forgotten, because at his last stay at St. James's he saw never a pair of virginals stirring in the whole house. — From Seymour, the 17th of December. Endorsed : — M The Coppye of a Lre to my Ladye Marye's Grace, the 17th of Décembre 1548." 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 73. In extenso,"] 243. Scotland. 1548, Dec. 20. — List of the signatories to the letter " from the nobility of the realm to the bishop of Rome [Boniface XIX.] upon his request to have the determination of the debate betwixt England and Scotland to be put in his hands." After a note of the letter from Edw. J. to the Pope in 1295, and of the Barons' letter from Lincoln in 1300, the fol- lowing is added, " This was copied out of the book of notes gathered out of the King's Majesty's records for the justification of his Highness' pro- priety and superiority to the realm of Scotland, which book remaineth in Mr. Mason's keeping, Clerk of the Parliament, 20th Dec. 1548." Hpp- 244. Sir B. Fane to Sir J. Thynne. 1548, Dec. 30. — Knowing that he has heard of the misfortune of the Earl of Huntley's escape, and being persuaded that the only version of the story is that of which the Lord Grey is author, which for divers reasons cannot sound well for himself; has, since his coming into these parts, investigated the matter to the bottom, and by letter (a copy of which is enclosed) advertised the Lord Protector how the mishap befell. Has also sent his son-in-law to make his own purgation by mouth, and prays him to further his son's declaration and to help his bashfulness with some comfort. As for the Lord Grey, although in writing to the Lord Protector he has let fall against him one word only, will now say that, "all malice and displeasure set apart, he is the man worse reporte I of, and hath left the country more rawly than he has yet heard of or seen." Such men 57 of experience as remain here fear that great mischief will ensue from his negligence. — Berwick, 30 Dec, 1548. 1 p. Encloses, Sir R. Fane to the Lord Protector. Details the circumstances of the escape of the Earl of Huntley, into which he has made the fullest investigation, stating that his son-in-law, as soon as the Earl incurred his suspicion, did all he possibly could to detain him at Newcastle, but was over-ruled by Lord Grey, by whom also he was charged not to show any appearance of suspicion of the Earl. Submits, therefore, that the burden of the Earl's escape ought of right to rest on the Lord Grey's shoulders, in whom also he fears that his Grace will shortly hear of as great oversight in other matters. H PP- Copy. Modern copies of preceding. 245. Sir E. Fane to Sir J. Thynne. [1548, Dec.]. — Sends the bearer, his servant, with letters to the Lord Protector, and also the copy of one of Lord Grey's, which plainly declares his negligence in the matter of the Earl's escape. Prays him to peruse both, and if he finds anything needful to be omitted from his letter to the Protector, to permit his servant to insert it in his name. I p. 246. to Sir J. Thynne. [1548 ?]. — Has, both by letter and otherwise, made known his present condition to his Grace, whose advice is, that however grievous it may be " to acknowledge a fault where, if indiferency and truth might take place, none is in deade," he should yet submit himself entirely to the Council, not doubting but that, being more truly instructed, they will consider his estate more favourably than they now seem to do. His Grace adds further that for his part he hath submitted himself, and " though forgoon a great mater thereby, yet he seamith contented and hath his hoope and affiaunce in God." — Unsigned and undated. (Postscript). — Has this afternoon been with my Lady Warwick, whoso advice in any wise is that he should submit himself. Sir Kalph Vane's advice and that of all his friends is after the same sort. For his part begs him to follow the advice of his friends and to have no mistrust in God, " who is as great a power as heretofore he was." 247. The Queen-Dowager to the Lord Admiral [1548]. — Thanks him for his letter. Supposed the Lord Protector would have used no delay with his own brother. He is not to " unquiet " himself with any of the Protector's " unfriendly parts." Is very sorry for the news of the Frenchmen. Desires to be informed what they will do. Her advanced pregnancy. — Han worth. [Postscript]. — Desires him to use his good offices with Lord Dacres for Master Hatton. Holograph. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 62. In extenso.'] 58 248. The Queen-Dowager to the Lord Admiral. [1548]. — Complaining of the conduct of his brother towards her. Intends to see the King. The matter of Long's lease. " My Lord, I beseech you, send me word with speed, how I shall use myself to my new brother." — Chelsea. Holograph. I p. [Haynes, p. 61. In extenso.] 249. Council of Trent. [1548]. — "Summary of the reply of the Princes and States to the proposition of his Imperial Majesty." It is replied that, for the ending of religious controversies, the council begun at Trent be continued there and brought to a conclusion, and assistance be rendered to give it effect; meanwhile that his Majesty take care for the maintenance of the "Interim," and the continuance of the ecclesiastical reformation ; the rebels to be warned again by the Emperor, to desist, on pain of the severest penalties, from their re- bellion, and if they refuse, to be put down by force. The reply then touches briefly on the proposed addition to the 24 assessors of the Imperial Chamber, the restitution of ecclesiastical goods, the general contribution, &c. Copy. Latin. ^\pp> 250. Staffordshire. 1548. — Account of the administrators of certain lands and possessions in the county of Stafford. — 2 Edw. VI. Latin. 2 pp. 251. New College, Oxford. [1548?]. — Certain statutes of St. Mary, Oxon. (New College). In a head-note the compiler complains of the wrongful interpretations of the statutes, and of injurious dealing with the founders' kinsmen. — Undated. 122 pp. 252. T. Chamberlain, J. Berwyk, and T. Fisher to the Lord Protector. 1548-9, Jan. 6. — Reporting that according to his Grace's command- ment they have hastened to Bristol, calling on the way at Sir Wm. Sharington's house at Laycock, where, under Lady Sharington's super- vision, they collected all the writings, money, plate, and jewels they could find, and sealed them up in chests, leaving four servants in charge thereof, and have now begun to view the Mint there, and also to examine the officers, from whom they learnt that one Mr. Paget, a Teller in the Mint, arrived at Bristol from London on Wednesday last, and took all Sir Wm. Sharington's writings away with him, calling also at Laycock on his way back to London. Suggest that it would not be amiss to call the said Mr. Paget and examine him, for he knoweth much. Have thought it good to continue the work at the Mint so as to avoid suspicion, and also so as to have the " Moneyers " ready when called upon. — From the King's Majesty's Castle of Bristol, the 6th of January 1548. 2 pp. Copy of preceding. 59 253. Sir R. Fane to Sir J. Thynne. 1548-9, Jan. 10. — Thanks him for his friendly letters and his kind- ness in the matter of the Earl of Huntley's escape. Will be glad to learn, as soon as he may, how his Grace takes the matter, and whether he is inclined to grant him his whole recompense as if the Earl had never escaped, or part only, or none. Thinks it were a wrong if, because the Earl was stayed for the King's advantage, he should lose any part of his ransom which he might have been paid more than a year ago. Is resolved rather to lay his bones in these parts than to return to Kent to be " defaced " by foregoing his house and other things which he had already received in part recompense. As for the Earl, he behaveth himself in Scotland, so far as he can learn, so strangely, that no man knoweth where to have him nor which way he will incline. If he receives any certain intelligence will advertise his Grace thereof. The Queen and Monsieur Dessey have earnestly laboured the Governor to burn and " harrie " (as they call it) all our assured Scots, but he by no means could be persuaded thereunto, neither would the Earl Huntley consent to the same. Thus far he hears even from the Earl's enemies, but refers the judgment of his meaning to wiser heads. — Berwick, 10 Jan. 1548. S pp. Modern copy of preceding. 254. Scottish Affairs. 1548-9, Jan. 10. — Information concerning Scottish affairs presented to the Lord Protector by Robert Lockhart, Scotsman, 1548. Dated, London, 10 January 1548. Advocates marriage contract between the King of England and the Queen of Scotland. Advises the sending of an English army into Scot- land before the arrival of the French army, so that the Queen may be got into the King's keeping. Recommends the Laird of Dun, the Laird of Fyvie, the Laird of Pittarow, and the Provost of Aberdeen to be dealt with for aid in the matter. Relations of the above-named to other Scotchmen. On the other hand, the Governor of Scotland, the priests, the Earl of Huntley, and the Earl of Argyll are against the pro- position. Recommends that the Earl of Huntley should not be suffered to go home. Speaks of his good reception at first by the Lord Protector, who gave him a book of Dr. Smith's recanting, and sent him to confer with gentle- men at St. Andrew's, and in the north, of this matter. Reported the result to the Lord Protector, and does not know what hindered his Grace from proceeding further with it. 29 pp. 255. Thos. Dowrishe to Sir Wm. Sharington. [1548-9, Jan. 15?]. — Has received from Clowde his letter of the 5th instant., and also an ingot of silver weighing 40 lbs. 11 oz., better 16 dwt., with two bags of light money containing 200/. ; has further received from Mr. Comptroller his letter of the 9th inst., all things men- tioned in which shall be accomplished with celerity and with all possible diligence. He shall receive towards it at once 3,000/., that is to say, 60 1,000/, from Clowde and 2,000/. from Corrj. In addition, he shall receive from the said Corry " in fayre testornes " 36/., aud " in fayre grotes " 36/. Prays him if he has any store of silver in his hands to send it as shortly as possible, for by the time his request is complied with there will be small store left to keep the men working ; and besides, thinks it best that he should be sending it down so that it may be thought that the money now required at his hands is made of the same, otherwise it may happen to be suspected that more money hath been made than doth appear by the indentures and books of account. Remembering the communication had between them, everything on his prirt is ended accordingly. The indentures and all other books of account are perfect, and truly cast and examined, so as to be ready when called upon. Wishes him to get possession of an abstract remaining in the hands of Mr. Knight's brother for a certain reason. Is much troubled because in his letter of the 5th inst. Sharington accuses him of having disclosed a letter sent to him by Sharington "to warn his hostess." Protests that no one had sight of it but only she for whom it was intended. Subscribed : — " Yours in all that I may. T.D." P.S. — Begs him to be so good to hii poor chaplain, " Sir Browne," as to speak a good word for him to help him to a vacant room in the College of Windsor. 3 pp. Copy of preceding. 256. Sir R. Fane to Sir J. Thynne. 1.548-9, Jan. 17. — Has this morning received a letter from his wife in which she states that she lately took the opportunity of a conversa- tion with the Duchess of Somerset on the subject of the Earl of Huntley's escape, to desire her Grace's furtherance of her husband's excuse therein. Whereupon her Grace answered that she had little cause to be his friend, for that he had made such communications to the Duke concerning secrets which he supposed to have been disclosed by her to Lady Fitzwilliams and others, " that she had never so much dis- (i pleasure of her husband syns she was first Sir Edward Seymour's * wife." States that he never gave any such information, and only said (what he knew to be true) " that Lady Fitzwilliams was an instrument to dis- " cover any of b is Grace's secrets that she might by any means get " knowledge of," so that he rather deserved thanks than displeasure at her Grace's hands. Yet this, he perceives, has been the only thing that has hindered him so long, both in obtaining his recompense for the Earl of Huntley and in all his other suits. There is no news of any import- ance in these parts, only this he may be bold to say (which he cannot write to his Grace without suspicion of malice) " that for wante of justice, robries being committed without restitution, murder without punishement, open lecherie without shame, the country is in such murmure and disobedience that it is exceeding nedeful to be reformed." —Berwick, 17 Jan. 1548. 24^. Modern copy of preceding. 61 257. The further Confession of W. Wightman, servant to the Lord Admiral. [1548-9], Jan. 20. — Stating the times at which the Lord Admiral had secret conferences with Parrye, and giving the substance of a con- versation between Wightman and Mr. Nicholas Throckmorton on the occasion of the decease of the Lord Admiral's wife [the late Queen], in which Throckmorton said that if the Lord Admiral were either wise or politic he would now become a new manner of man both in heart and service, for the world began to talk very unfavourably of him both for his slothfulness to serve and his greediness to get, and that it might happen now that the Queen was gone that he would be desirous of a match with one of the King's sisters, entreating Wightman, if he heard anything sounding that way, as he loved his Master to do all he could to stop that intent. Wightman further states that he did his best to dis- suade the Lord Admiral from his extreme measures against Mr. Bridge and others, in matters which touched only his own private gain, but without effect. [ Written and signed by Wightman.] 3 pp. [Haynes, pp. 68-69. In extenso.] 258. Sir Robert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], Jan. 22. — Grief of the Princess Elizabeth on hearing of the imprisonment of Mrs. Ashley and her cofferer. Is sent for by her, and learns certain matters the Princess had forgotten to mention to the Lord Great Master and Master Denny. But she will not confess any practice by Mrs. Ashley or the cofferer concerning the Lord Admiral. Conduct of the cofferer on sudden news of the arrival of the gate of the Lord Great Master and Master Denny. — Hatfield, 22 January. S pp. [Haynes, pp. 70, 71. In extenso.] 259. Sir Robert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], Jan. 23. — Since writing his last letter on the 22nd January, has deliberated many matters with his Lady's Grace [the Princess Elizabeth], and she hath confessed that at the return of her cofferer from the Lord Admiral he said that Durham Place was to be a Mint, and that the Lord Admiral offered her his own house for the time being to see the King ; and he further asked whether, if the Council would con- sent that the Lord Admiral should have her, she would be content therewith, to which she answered that she would not tell him her mind therein, and demanded who bade him ask that question. He replied, nobody, but that he thought he perceived by the Lord Admiral's enquiries that he was given that way. Assures his Grace that the Princess hath a very good wit, and that nothing is gotten of her but by great policy. — From Hatfield, the 23rd of January. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 71. In extenso.] 260. Thomas Dowrishe (Deputy of the Mint at Bristol) to Sir Wm. Sharington. [1548-9], Jan. 24. — According to his promise, has sent an abstract and certificate of what silver has been molten, wrought, and brought into ready money, from the beginning of this Mint until the last day of the present month of January. Has caused the same to be made up to the 62 end of the month for reasons he cannot write here, yet Sharington's profit shall be the more as he will understand. By the same abstract he will perceive what money is due unto the King, all things allowed and deducted. Sends also an Indenture between himself and Sharington for the signature of the latter. Has also sent two copies of the Rules and Ordinances to be observed in the Mint for Sharington's approval, one of which is to be signed and returned to him. Has communed with his bedfellow concerning the matter Sharington wots of, and doubts not that everything shall be according to his expectation and pleasure. — Dated the 24th of January. S pp. Copy of preceding. 261. Two Drafts of the Declaration by the Lord Admiral. 1548-9, Jan. 25. — Both of these Drafts have, with the exception of the Interrogatories, been carefully obliterated or cancelled. S pp. 262. Sir Bobert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], Jan. 25. — Has shewed his letter to the Princess Elizabeth, with a great protestation that he would not for 1,000/. let it be known, but cannot frame her to all points as he would wish. Would wish Lady Brown to return to Hatfield again, for, from his experience of her, he thinks no one can more wisely counsel the Princess and cause her to confess the truth. — From Hatfield, the 25th of January. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 88. In ex(enso.~\ 263. The Lord Admiral's Minute of his Examination. 1548-9, Jan. 25. — Hath conferred concerning the ordering of the King's person with no creature living save the Earl of Rutland, to whom he said that the King would be a man three years before any child living, and would, he thought, within two or three years desire more liberty and the honour of his own things ; and that if his Highness wished him to make such a motion to the Lord his brother and to the Council he would do it. Protests that he meant no more harm to his brother than to his own soul. {Signed) T. S. Addressed : — u To my very good Lordes, my Lord Grett Master, my Lord Prevy Selle, my Lord of Shrewsbery, my Lord of Southampton, and Mr. Controller, and Mr. Smeth, Secretary." 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 87. In extenso.'] 264. The Examination of Sir Wm. Sharington. 1548-9, Jan. 25. — Being asked what he knows of the Lord Admiral's determination touching the governance and order of the King or of the Realm, or touching the marriage of the Lord Admiral, or the business to be made against the Lord Protector or the Council, he answereth that he never heard anything concerning or appertaining to any of these matters. — In Turre. Signed. 1 jp. Copy of preceding. 63 265, The Examination of Harington concerning the Lord Admiral. 1548-9, Jan. 25. — Stating that he hath heard the Lord Admiral declare openly that during the minority of a King, when there hath been two brothers, it hath never been seen that one brother should have all rule and the other none, but that if one were Protector the other should be Governor, but if it were offered to him he would take neither the one nor the other. That the Lord Admiral never stated to him that such and such were his assured friends. That he never moved any man to take the Lord Admiral's part, but that he brought about a friendship between the Lord Admiral and the Marquis Dorset when the former was still Sir Thomas Seymour. That he hath made no promises to any man to allure him to his master's friendship. Concerning the Lady Jane, the Lord Marquis' daughter, he states that he had heard the Lord Admiral cast forth hints that she would be a suitable wife for the King, and had therefore by like hints endeavoured to persuade the Marquis Dorset to let her come to the Lord Admiral's house. He states further that he said to Wight- man, the day after the Lord Admiral's committal, that he would the Lord Admiral had followed his first determination, which was that Mr. Comptroller should be sent for him and should be kept as a pledge for his safe return. — In Turre. [ The original examination, written by Sir T. Smith and signed by Harrington.'] 6 pp. [Haynes, p. 82. In extenso.] 266. Thos. Dowrishe to Sir Wm. Sharington. [1548-9], Jan. 27.— On the 26th inst. did receive by Clowde from his cousin Heton, 12 ingots of silver, the weight whereof, and how they rise by the assay, he will signify in his next letter. The abstract of the account furnished by him to Sharington is incor- rect, a remanet of 660 lbs. having been omitted. Further advises him that all his affairs with the company are in a forward state. — Dated the 27th January. Copy of preceding. I p. 267. A Minute by the Lord Admiral of his Letter to the Lord Protector. 1548-9, Jan. 27. — Since the finishing of his letter to the Lord Great Master has remembered saying on one occasion to the King, that he trusted withiD three or four years his Highness should be the ruler of his own things, and should by that time help his men himself to such things as fell in his gift. Craves pardon for the oversight. — From the Tower, the 27th of January 1548. Signed : — T. S. [ This and the preceding Minute are endorsed : " 30th Jan?. The L. Adrayralles Copies."] H pp. [Haynes, p. 87. In extenso.] 268. A copy of the Instructions to Mons. d'Avoys, the envoy sent to England by the French King on the occasion of the troubles caused by the Lord Admiral. [Communicated to Sir Thomas Gresham by the Regent of the Low Countries. See No. 401 below.] 1548-9, Jan. 27. — He is to repair to M. de Selve, the King's ambas- sador in England, and to say to him that the King has received his 64 letter of the 19th Jan. informing him of the arrest of the Lord Admiral and other great Lords and of the occasion thereof, and that his Majesty- is of opinion that these things happen very opportunely for the advance- ment of his affairs in Scotland, and would be very glad to find the means if possible of embroiling England in a civil war. Wherefore M. d'Avoys is to communicate fully with M. de Selve as to the nature and extent of the conspiracy, and to endeavour to ascertain if any members of the faction remain undiscovered who might be made use of for that purpose. He is also to take pains to ascertain the strength in men and ships of the aid to be sent to Scotland, and to enquire respecting the truth of an alleged capture by the English of 60 Flemish vessels bound with herrings to Eouen to the Fair of la Chandelleur, on account of which the Emperor has caused the arrest of all the English in the Low Countries, which is very different to the reports published by the English of the cordial understanding existing between them and the Emperor. Dated from St. Germain-en-Laye, the 27th of January 1548. Signed: — "Henry," and countersigned : "De l'Aubespine." French. pp. [Haynes, p. 135. In extenso.] 269. The Lady Elizabeth to the Lord Protector. 1548-9, Jan. 28. — Thanks him for his gentleness and goodwill. What she said to Tyrwhitt about the Lord Admiral. Her talk to Catherine Ashley about him. Protests against the slanders respecting herself and the Lord Admiral. — Hatfield, 28 Jan. Modern copy. 2 pp. [Haynes, pp. 89, 90. In extenso.] 270. Sir Robert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], Jan. 28. — Has received his letter of the 26th instant, and according to its purport has used all means and policy to cause the Princess to confess more than she hath already done, but she denieth plainly that she knoweth any more than what she hath willingly written to his Grace with her own hand. He believes there has been some secret promise between her and Mistress Ashley and the Cofferer never to confess to death. The Princess's Controller, Master Beverley, and he, have examined the Cofferer's books, which they find very indiscreetly made, and her charges more than she can continue withal. — From Hatfield the 28th of January. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 88. In extenso.] 271. The Confession of Sir Wm. Sharington, the Master of the Mint at Bristol. 1548-9, Jan. 29. — Stating that, thinking himself to be undone by the frequent melting of the badly made money, he had withheld certain sums from his books in every month, and had burnt the originals from which the indentures were made up, wherein he confesses his " great decept and lewdeness." Touching the Lord Admiral, has heard him say that the King's daughters should be married within the Tlealm, and that he thought it was not the late King's will that one man should have both the government of the King and of the Realm. Has also known him to be very desirous of stewardships, and to entertain gentlemen, and has heard him say that he would never consent that the King should be kept 65 as a ward till the age of 18. Has also heard him say that he misliked it in the Lord Protector that he took away the Queen's jewels, and that he [the Lord Admiral], had given the King money two or three times. [ The original confession in his own hand.'] Endorsed : — "29 Jan?, Sharington's Confession." 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 90. In extenso.'] 272. Interrogatories for Sir William Sharington. [1548-9], Jan. 30. — A Minute [by Sir Thos. Smith] of Interroga- tories to be administered to Sir Wm. Sharington, requiring from him a more explicit declaration respecting the coining of testeras after the pro- hibition, and of the occasions on which the Lord Admiral made the statements referred to in his [Sharington's] confession. ^ PP" [Haynes, p. 91. In extenso.] 273. Answers of Sir W. Sharrington. [1548-9, Jan.] — The Answers of Sir Wm. Sharington to the foregoing Interrogatories. \_In Sharington's own hand.] 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 92. In extenso.] 274. Harrington's Examination. [1548-9, Jan.] — Minutes [by Sir Wm. Petre] of the chief points ia the examination of Harrington concerning the Lord Admiral. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 84. In extenso.] 275. A Minute (by Mr. Secretary Paget) of the Interrogatories to be administered to the Lord Admiral. [1548-9, Jan.]. — As to whether he had conferred with any person or persons, or with the King himself, touching an alteration in the govern- ment of the King's person, and of the Council, and in what manner; whether he had given any sums of money to the King or to any one about him ; what communications had taken place between him and any man touching the marriage of the King's sisters, or of the King himself, and to what effect ; and what statements he had made respecting his accusa- tion, &c. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 86. In extenso.] 276. A Minute (by Sir Wm. Petre) of the Interrogatories to be administered to the Lord Admiral. [1548-9, Jan.]. — Concerning his alleged endeavours to bring about a marriage between the King and the daughter of the Marquis of Dorset, and certain statements said to have been made by him evincing dissatis- faction with the proceedings of the Protector and Council ; and also as to his advising other noblemen to strengthen themselves in the country by the number of their retainers. &c. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 85. In extenso.] 277. The Confession of King Edward the Sixth concerning the Lord Admiral. [1548-9, Jan.]; — Stating that on one occasion the Lord Admiral said to him that he must now take upon himself to rule, for he was ahle U 84066. -R enough as well as other Kings ; and that his uncle was old, and he [the Lord Admiral] trusted would not live long. To which the King answered that " it were better that he should die." The Lord Admiral also said that he was but a very beggarly King now and had nothing for play or to give to his servants. And the Lord Admiral gave money for him to Fowler and to Cheke, and divers others. [ The original confession, signed by the King.] 1 p. [Haynes, p. 74. In extenso.] 278. The Confession of the Earl of Rutland concerning the Lord Admiral. [1548-9, Jan.]. — Giving the details of a conversation between him and the Lord Admiral, in which the latter talked of the number of his friends in the country, and amongst other things asked what he should think, if he [the Lord Admiral] should in a year or two say to the Council ''that the King was now of some discretion and that he would that he should have the honour and rule of his own doings," adding, that he did not desire his brother's hurt, but that he would wish him to rule as a chief councillor. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 81. In extenso.] 279. Examination of Sir W. Sharington. [1548-9, Jan.]. — The interrogatories administered to Sir Wm. Shar- ington, the Master of the Mint at Bristol, concerning the coining of money there, with the answers thereto in Sharington's own hand. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 65. In extenso.] 280. Interrogatories to be administered to Roger "Wigmore. [1548-9, Jan.]. — Concerning the management of His Majesty's Mint at Bristol. [ The answers are not given.] 2 pp. Copy of preceding. 281. The further Confession of J. Harrington concerning the Lord Admiral. [1548-9, Feb. 2]. — Has remembered that, when the Queen was living at Chelsea, Mistress Ashley called him aside and told him that the Queen and the Lord Admiral came sometimes to the Lady Elizabeth's chamber, which was well taken of everybody ; but that the Lord Admiral came sometimes without the Queen, which some misliked. Signed: Jo. Harrington. Endorsed: «2 Feb. 1548, Harryngton." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 93. In extenso.] 282. J. Harrington to the Lords of the Council. [1548-9, Feb. 3]. — Giving the substance of a conversation between himself and Mr. Rouse [the Comptroller of the Lord Admiral's house- hold] on the occasion of his [Harrington] being sent by the Lord Admiral to accompany the Lady Jane to the house of the Marquis of Dorset. Endorsed 3 Feb. 1548, Harryngton." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 93. In extenso.] 67 283. The Examination of Sir Wii. Sharington. [1548-9, Feb. 4]. — The examinate says that about Christmas week last he had been at Canterbury, and suspecting that some trouble might come to him, he went to the Lord Admiral and told him that he had taken more of the King's money than he ought to do, and that he could not justify his doing thereof if it was known. However he told him that he had so ordered it that he thought no man might accuse him. He states also that he had received sums from the Lord Admiral amounting to 2,300/. sterling, and that he had laid out for the Lord Admiral in building, &c. 5,100/. : so that the Lord Admiral owed him at that time 2,800/. He nevertheless requested the Lord Admiral that be [Sharing- ton] might give him a bill confessing debt to the amount of 2,000/. ; so that, if any trouble should ensue to examinate, it might appear that he was in the debt of the Lord Admiral, to which the Lord Admiral agreed and also promised to aid him in any trouble that might befall him. As to who made the books or indentures that were falsified and by whose counsel or device it was done, he says that the paper book was written by James Paget or John Beldon, and the monthly inden- tures either by John Beldon or George Knight, the Clerk of the Mint. But that to the putting in or putting out no man was privy but him- self, for he caused them to write as he bade them. That Duns would not receive the whole account which examinate brought on paper, but caused his [Duns'] man to write it on parchment, which exa- minate set his hand to, and sent it down by Paget to be subscribed by the other vouchees at Bristol. Howbeit he thinks that neither Duns nor his man were privy to any fraud in that or any other account of his. Signed: — W. Sharington. 2\pp. Endorsed: — "4 February, Sir W. Sharington." Copy of preceding. 284. Sir Bobert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. 1548-9, Feb. 5. — Has got, with good advice, a letter from the Lady Elizabeth to his Grace, and also she hath promised to put down in writing all things she can call to her remembrance. She was much abashed at the reading of Mistress Ashley's letter, and half breathless " or " she could read it to an end. Will travail all he can to frame her for her own surety, and to utter the truth. — From Hatfield, the 5th of February. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 94. In extenso.] 285. Sir Robt. Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. 1548-9, Feb. 7. — Has sent by the bearer the Lady Elizabeth's con- fession, which is not so full as he would wish. She will in no way confess that either Mistress Ashley or Parry willed her to any practice with the Lord Admiral either by message or writing. They all sing one song, which he thinks they would not do unless they had set the note before. — From Hatfield, the 7th of February. Endorsed: — " 7 February 1548. Mr. Turwhit to my L. P." 1 p, [Haynes, p. 102. In extenso.] e 2 68 286. The Confession of Jenkin Dee. 1548-9, Feb. 8. — Jenkin Dee, shoemaker of Bristol, examined touch- ing certain words addressed to him by the wife of one Baron, sometime an officer in this [Bristol] Mint, answereth that she said in Welsh, which deponent understands, that her husband was he that brought all them of the Mint first to knowledge whereof they were ignorant, and now that they had learned of him was thrust out of office, but that she trusted he would be reinstated by the King, and would prove as good a man as anv of them. ip- Copy of preceding. 287. The Examination of Sir Wm. Sharington touching the Lord- Admiral. 1548-9, Feb. 11. — Stating that the Lord Admiral on one occasion pressed him to say what money he could make him if need were, and did oftentimes advise him to get as much money as he could into his hands. That at divers times the Lord Admiral boasted to him of his power and of the number of his friends ; and on another occasion cal- culated the cost of keeping 10,000 men a month, which he made about 10,000/. sterling, and did then ask this examinate if he could make so much, saying it were good to have money in readiness. \_In the hand of Sir Thos. Smith, and signed by Sharing 'ton.] 5 pp. [Haynes, p. 104. In extenso.] 288. Confession of Sir William Sharington, Vice-Treasurer of the Bristol Mint. 1548-9, Feb. 11. — That about a fortnight before Christmas he delivered his "specialties" to Sir William Woodhouse, to keep for him. When last at Bristol he commanded Dowrishe to keep money out of the way. Paget knew altogether of his doings, and Paget and Dowrishe were privy to the striking out of the books ; they had each 40/. a year, and meat and drink for themselves and wives. He owed Paget 500/. and 1,000 marks [and Sir John Gats, Sir Miles Partrich, Lady Suffolk, Mr. Herbert, and Mr. Hoby owed him together 5,300/. (crossed out)]. Signed .— W. Sharington. Endorsed: — Feb. 11, W. Sharington. At the end of the paper a note in the same hand runs : — " He knoweth that the Lord Admiral doth not love my L[ord] P[rotector] because of my Lady of Somerset, whom he did know did not love him, and therefore my L[ord] P[rotector] loved him the worse." Copy. 289. William Wever. 1548-9, Feb. 13. — The examination of William Wever concerning the coining of testoons after the same was prohibited, and other dealings in connexion with the Mint at Bristol. Signed:—" By me Wyllyam Wever." I p. Copy of preceding. 69 290. The Confession of Sir Wm. Sharington. 1548-9, Feb. 15. — Doth further remember that the Lord Admiral did say that he could bring of those within his rule (if he should be commanded to serve) ten thousand men. That when he was made Lord Admiral he declared himself as glad of that office as of any office in the Realm, for that now he should have the rule of ships and men. States further that he heard the Lord Admiral say that the Lady Jane was a fit marriage for the King, and that he had rather the King should marry her than the Lord Protector's daughter. Signed. \ \ pp. [Haynes, p. 105. In extenso.'] 291. The Examination of Christopher Eyre, the Lord Admiral's Keeper. 1548-9, Feb. 16. — Concerning the demeanour of the Lord Admiral after his arrest, and the statements made by him to the examinate of his loyalty to the King and his succession, &c. [In the hand of Sir T. Smith and signed by Christopher Eyre.~] 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 106. In extenso.] 292. Minute (by Sir Wm. Paget) of a Letter from the Lords of the Council to the Princess Elizabeth. 1548-9, Feb. 17..-~--As they are informed that the Lady Tyrvvhitt, who by their desire had superseded Katherine Ashley in the charge of lier Grace's person, hath not showed herself so attendant to her office as they looked for, they have thought it good to speak to her somewhat roundly in that behalf, and doubt not that henceforth she will endeavour in all things to act for the weal and honour of her Grace. — From the Court, the 17th day of February 1548. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 107. In extenso,] Copy of preceding. 293. A Minute (by Sir T. Smith) of the Examination of the Lord Admiral. 1548-9, Feb. 18. — In which the Lord Admiral states in what manner he learnt the determination of the Council respecting his committal, and what conferences he hath had, and with whom, concerning the receiving of the King into his custody. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 107. In extenso.] 294. Sir Robert Tyrwhitt to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], Feb. 19. — On his wife's declaring to the Lady Elizabeth that she had received a rebuke from the Council for not taking upon herself the office to see her Grace well governed in lieu of Mistress Ashley, she replied " that she had not so demeaned herself that the Court need put any more mistresses upon her," and she wept all that night and lowered all the next day. He perceives that she is very loth to have a governor and that she fully hopes to recover her old mistress again, the love she beareth to whom is to be wondered at. If he should say his "fantasy," thinks it were more meet that she should have two governors than one. She cannot bear to hear the Lord Admiral dis- 70 commended, but is always ready to make answer thereto. — From Hat- field, the 19th of February. 2 jip. [Haynes, p. 108. In extenso.] Copy of preceding. 295. Sir Wm. Shakington to the Earls of Shrewsbury and Southampton. [1548-9], Feb. 20. — Bygs them to have in remembrance his humble suit to his Lord's Grace for his life, even 1o abide in perpetual prison, for he coveteth nothing else on earth, as God is his judge. Addressed : — " To the right honourable and very good Lords, the Earl of Shrewsbury, the Earl of Southampton, and to Mr. Secretary, or to any of them." Endorsed: — u Sharington, 20 February." \p. Modern copy of preceding. 296. Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Court of Augmenta- tions, and others, to Sir Ralph Bulmer, Knight, and others. 1548-9, Feb. 22. — Requiring them to make payment of a certain sum of 1007., in which they appear to be indebted to his Majesty, or else, by themselves or their sufficient deputy, to appear and make reasonable answer why they ought not so to do. — London, 22 Feb., 1548. 297. Sir William Sharington to the Lord Protector. [1548-9], [Feb.]. — His profits by the shear during the past three years were above 4,000/. How much more he does not know, as he kept no account, and no man knew but himself. He answered the King I2d. for the say and shear, and took profit of the rest himself. Begs mercy of his Grace, who is "accounted to seek no blood." •| p. [Haynes, p. 67. In extenso.] 298. The Declaration of the Marquis of Northampton as to his conferences with the Lord Admiral during the past twelvemonth. [1548-9, Feb.]. — Stating that the Lord Admiral about a year past advised him to go and set up house in the North Country, where being well beloved of his friends and tenants, he should be stronger and more able to serve the King's Majesty. Also that when the Lord Admiral came to court after the Queen's death he showed deponent sundry suits he had to the Lord Protector, touching the Queen's jewels and other things, and gave him presents of some value, showing him much friendship and kindness. That the Lord Admiral told him [deponent] that there would be much ado about the Lady Jane, the Marquis of Dorset's daughter, for the Lord Protector and Lady Somer- set would do what they could to obtain her for the Earl of Hertford, but would not prevail, for the Lord Marquis had given her wholly to him [the Lord Admiral], upon certain covenants that were between them. That, at another time, the Lord Admiral told deponent that he was credibly informed that the Lord Protector had said he would clap him in the Tower if he went to the Lady Elizabeth ; whereupon he said that there was no woman living that he went about to marry, but that he would take an opportunity of speaking plainly to the Lord Protector in the matter. ^2 IP' [Haynes, p. 79. In extenso.] 71 299. The Marquis op Northampton. [1548-9, Feb.].— A 376. Edward VI. to the Seignory of Lucca. [1551]. — Minute of a letter recommendatory of Peter Vannes, a native of Lucca, and now the King's Ambassador at Venice. — Undated. Latin. 1 p. 377. The Great Seal. [1551 ?] — " Names of eligible persons to be Keeper of the Great Seal during the time of the Lord Chancellor's sickness." These are, — the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Treasurer, the Bishop of Ely, Mr. Secretary Petre, Doctor Wotton, Mr. Mason, Mr. Bowes, Justice Hales, Mr. Gosnold, Sir Wm. Cecil, and Sir Anthony Cooke. — \_There are several marks against the Bishop of Ely's name.] \P> 378. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1551-2, March 4. — His sudden coming hither, and short return, maketh these folks somewhat astonished. Had plenty of good words at the Queen's hands. They must needs desire to keep in with some that are already out with so many. These Germany matters trouble them sore, and seem to promise some dangerous success. It is rumoured that the Elector of Treves is become altogether French. — Antwerp, 4 March 1551. \ p. [Haynes, p. 117. In extenso.] 95 379. Memorial. 1552, April 1. — " Remembraunce of things to be moved to the Kinge's Majestie " : — The letting out of the old ships ; the petition of Lord Bergavenny ; Lord Rich's patent ; the Bishop of York's case ; discharge of the super- fluous bulwarks in Essex and Kent, &c. Endorsed by Cecil: — " Primo Aprilis 1552." I p. [Haynes, p. 119. In extenso.'] 380. The Duke of Northumberland to the Lords of the Council. 1552, April 26. — Has received their letters requiring his attendance, as also his opinion concerning the answer to be made to the French Ambassadors. Excuses himself on the score of illness. Trusts that his answers touching the Archbishop of Canterbury, conveyed to their Lordships by the Lord Chancellor and Mr. Cecil, may be found satisfac- tory. Hopes they will not impute the matter to be his, or for his cause, and that in any reformation to be had, the foundation be fetched from the original cause. — 26 April 1552. A i PP* [Haynes, p, 119. In extenso.'] 381. The Bishop-Elect of Chichester to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552, May 17. — Thanks Cecil for his pains taken in the suits of him- self and his fellows. The true and only cause why he has not set out his book is that he wants money, and cannot get a penny from his receiver for the last half year. Asks Cecil to send him word how the Bishops of Worcester and Lincoln are ordered for their first fruits. — Bromley, 17 May. Endorsed :— 17 May 1552. \ p. [Haynes, p. 151. In extenso.] 382. Suits to the King. [1552], May. — Certain suits to be moved to the King's Majesty, on behalf of Sir Thomas Chamberlain, Sir John York, and the Master and Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge. Endorsed:— " Mens. Maii 1552." \p. [Haynes, p. 120. In extenso.] 383. [Sir Edward North to Sir Wm. Cecil.] 1552, June 5. — Has been engaged with Mr. Attorney and Mr. Solicitor at the Tower all the afternoon taking the surrenders of Thynne and Whalley, according to the command of the Council. As the day is far spent desires Cecil to inform the Council, in case they should meet in the meantime, that the report shall be made to-morrow. — June 5. Endorsed: — "5 June 1552. From Sir Edw. North to Sir Wm, Cecill." Half a page ; the signature has been torn off. 384. to . 1552, June 12. — My good brother. — The Queen has commanded me to write to you, that she has been informed by M. de Mansfeldt, that on the 9th of the month the French attacked Damvilliers on the three sides which they had battered with 40 large pieces of artillery, and that our men had repulsed them with 3,000 killed and others wounded, 96 among them many of the nobility. Moreover, the King had asked for a truce in order to withdraw the dead from the trenches, but it was not known whether this had been granted. The King of the Romans assists the Emperor Avith 20 ensigns from Germany, and with 1,000 horse. The Duke of Alva has brought from Spain 4,000 Spaniards. The Marquis of Marignan joins him with 4,000 Italians, old soldiers. And, over and above these, His Majesty will have 70 ensigns of Germans, and 8,000 horse, Nine large ships carrying a large quantity of gold for his Majesty have arrived at New Spain, one of the Azores, from the Indies. — Brest, 12 June [Juing ?] 1552. 1 p. M imite. French. 385. The Lords of the Council to the [Duke of Northumberland ?] [1552, June 20].— On Sunday last they had before them Sir Thomas Holcroft, Sir John Thynne, and Whalley, who surrendered their offices, and were bound to stand to such further order as might be taken. On Monday they had Lord Paget again before them at the Lord Chancellor's, and informed him that he was to be fined 8,000/., to give up his offices of the Duchy, to pay his debts to the King, and to repair to Staffordshire within six weeks. He prayed that the order for his going into Staffordshire might be mitigated, on account of the want there of advice and remedies for his own and his wife's serious diseases, and also through want of provision and suitable habitation. They are moved to pray his Majesty to grant his request. They had released Sir J. Arundell, binding him to absent himself from the Court, and to remain within London or two or three miles from it. Had forgotten to state in their last that the French Queen, Regent in the absence of the King, had complained, through the French Ambassador, of very great quantities of wine carried by English merchants from France to Flanders, and had ordered that the exportation of wine, except for sale in England, should be stopped, but had deferred the confirmation of the order till she had written to them. They had thanked her for staying the order, and said that they had at no time suffered wines once within the realm to be brought out again, and that they would consider the matter ; and now propose to answer the Ambassador that in none of the wars between France and the Emperor had their merchants been im- peached of their free traffic, and they trust they will be suffered to continue their accustomed liberty ; they will give straight charge to prevent excessive carrying of wines. M. de Courrieres and Mr. Cham- berlain are gone. News had come through the French ambassador that Danvilliars was now T in the French King's possession, without loss of men, or assault, as was reported from Antwerp. This news amazes the Imperialists of the Low Countries, as appears from Thomas Gresham's letters. Beaumont had that day confessed before them in the Star Chamber to every part of the bill laid against him, " which con- taineth so many foul matters as we think have seldom appeared in any one man." He was bound in 30,000/. to pay such fines and to stand to such order as might be appointed, and was again returned to the Fleet. Westminster the [20] June. 4| pp. [Lodge, Vol. L, pp. 170-175. In extenso.] 380. The Duke of Northumberland, Earl of Pemeroke, and others to the Privy Council. 1552, June 21. — Communicate their proceedings with reference to the matter of the Debatable. Forward a plat of the same, having three 97 lines drawn across over the Debatable. Thin); it fit that a second Article be comprehended in the Instructions to the Commissioners, that if they cannot reduce the Scots to the very direct division, as the Linea Stellata leadeth, they may have authority to relent to the Scots some- what from the said right line. — Sempringham, 21 June 1552. P.S. — (Omitted by Haynes). A paper is enclosed with the names of gentlemen who have been commended to the writers, as very meet men to be placed in the Commission of the Peace for Lincolnshire, and they pray that their names may be included. 2^ pp. [Haynes, p. 120. In extenso.'] 387. The Duke of Northumberland to the Privy Council. 1552, June 29. — Received their letters of the 27th inst., on his arrival here with the Earl of Shrewsbury. Is pleased to hear of the prosperous health of the King. Commends their wise and politick orders, for the shunning and avoiding the peril of the sickness, which, as they inform him, is much increased ; as it is not of one or two years' infection and engendering;, so must it have a time of purging. — York, 29 June. Endorsed:— "1552." 1J pp. [Haynes, p. 122. In extenso.'] 388. The Duke of Northumberland to Sir W. Cecil, and in his absence to Sir W. Petre, Knt. 1552, July 9. — Says that Thomas Gresham writes from Antwerp of the great fear and doubt which the Low Countries now stand in by reason of the French conquests. Has thought it good to put Cecil in remembrance, that our part is next of repentance, if these countries fall into French hands ; " considering as well the vent of this whole realm is then at their courtes}'-, as how Calais and Guisnes shall be neigh- boured." — Alnwick, 9 July 1552. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 122. In extenso.] 389. Dr. N. Wotton to Sir Wm. Petre and Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552, July 20. — Thinks that for the labour taken in obtaining an answer to the Council's letters he deserves a buck out of Eltham park, or, at least, a fat goose or a duck. Mr. Lyell unlucky if he has not obtained Dr. Brittain's prebend at Westminster. Desires news. — London, 20 July 1552. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 124. In extenso.] 390. The Bishop of Norwich [Thomas Thirlby] and Dr. N. Wotton to the Secretaries of State. 1552, July 20. — Send their letter to the Council, with a book con- taining the determination of the doctors and writers upon the question moved unto them, written in English and Latin ; the English containing the decision only, the Latin the allegations and proofs upon every article. They give reasons for making the answer in this manner, instead of answering directly, whether the King be bounden or not. — London 20 July 1552. ' 1 p. [Haynes, p. 123. In extenso.] 391. Bernardino Ferrario to the Duke of Northumberland. 1552, July 22.— "From Porsenon in German Brixen, the 22 July 1552. By mine of the 16th from Lienze, at the Imperial Court, I wrote as o 8406G. - a 98 much as had happened up to that hour. The following day his Imperial Majesty came to Bruneck, and after two days arrived here at Porsenon, a place distant from Trent two days' journey, and as much from Inu- spruck. Here he was in such continual consultation, deliberating what had to be done, that as yet he has not come to any resolution. And, verily, in difficulties so great, in times so troublous, in so many events adverse to His Imperial Majesty, in such great suspicion of everybody, it must be difficult to find out what resolution is the best for his said Imperial Majesty. " The 4000 Italians under the Marquis of Marignano, and the 5000 Spaniards come from Spain are continually on the march, but have no orders yet whore to join his Imperial Majesty, as he has not yet resolved what road he will take : although it is said he will go to Constance, where there are 36 German ensigns, others say 46, with whom, and with the Italians, Spaniards, and these ten ensigns under the Count of Lodrone, it is said that a move will be made towards Flanders. The artillery will hold Ratisbon, and it will have moreover troops from Strasburg and elsewhere. In short, his Imperial Majesty, hearing such bad news from Flanders, is stimulated, urged, and compelled, to use every endeavour for its succour. It is said that the opposition of Duke Maurice will stay Duke Frederick of Saxony, who will receive some money with which to enter the country of the said Maurice. Others say that his Imperial Majesty will enter France, to divert the most Christian King from the attack on Flanders. But the determination respecting all these matters will quickly be known. His Imperial Majesty shews great spirit, as I have seen on this journey; and yester- day, as he was out, there came post-haste to Lienze the Duke of Alva, who was welcomed and caressed by his Imperial Majesty. " Nothing is spoken of Duke Maurice except that he was sent towards Frankfort, as also Marquis Albert. " Here they do not yet know the resolution of the Council of the Prince of Salerno and of other Neapolitans and gentlemen of the French party, that was to be held at Chioza. " Of the Turkish fleet there are advices that it has burned Riggio in Calabria, and done great destruction by fire to the Campagna. It passed afterwards by Salerno, whence it came to Porzo, seven miles from Naples, where is the harbour called the 4 Dead Sea,' near to the ancient city of Baise. The said fleet they say consists of 120 vessels; a hundred and six galleys, two ' malione,' and the rest foists [light galleys] and galliots. " From Genoa they send advices that 40 galleys from Algiers had appeared in the direction of Corsica, which, it is believed, will join the French fleet for some enterprise." Italian. l£ pp. 392. Dr, N. Wotton to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552, Aug. 1. — The last letter from the Council found him still here, ready to have gone down as yesterday, but that letter stayed him till this day. Is, within this hour, going to Canterbury, there to tarry till the King returns to some place near London, unless otherwise ccmmanded. — London, 1 Aug. 1552. Holograph. I p. 393. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir W. Cecil. 1552, Aug. 21. — Where Cecil writes that one Monsieur Obrye is looked for to come out of France shortly, to answer the spoiling and taking of English ships by the French, doubts not he will come with 99 fair words, according to their accustomed manner ; but trusts the Council will order the matter that the poor Englishmen be recompensed, as the case requireth. As to Cecil's intention to go to the baths in September, reminds him that as that month is cold here, and hot in other countries, baths here cannot be good to amend Cecil's cold legs against winter. Recommends rest and liberty. Asks Cecil's aid with the Council for his own leave of absence, as Sir Arthur Darcy, Lieutenant, is sufficient enough to look unto this place of charge. Prays to be commended to the Duke of Northumberland, who corneth shortly to the Court ; is glad to hear of the excellent service he hath done the King, especially in bringing to light who were the conveyers away of the Earl of Huntley, and causing them to be put to execution. As to the wine he sends, it is to my Lady and not to Cecil : his adventure was great, and he cannot tell what it stands him in. — The Tower, 21 August 1552. If PP- [Haynes, p. 124. In extenso.] 394. Charges. 1552, Sept. 29.— Charges of the wars of Henry VIII. and Edward VI. with France and Scotland ; of the fortifications at Calais and the Marches, Berwick and the Borders, and elsewhere in England, and the Channel Islands ; and also of the suppression of the late rebellion in England, to Michaelmas, 6 Edward VI. 25 pp. 395. The King's Debts. 1552, Oct. 2. — Minute, in Cecil's handwriting, being "A BrefFe of all the King's Majesties dettes, with provisions for the discharge thereof." Debts external : to the Shetts and Fuggars — 110,860/. Debts in the realm : to the Household, &c— 108,826/. 19s. lOd. Provisions for Payments. Sales of chantry lands, alum, fustians, &c. — 59,000/. Item, Church plate, bell metal, lead, &c. Names of persons to appear before the Lord Treasurer, the D. of Northumberland, the Lord Privy Seal. To declare to .the K's. Majesty, that my Lord of Northumberland de- sires to render the manor of Tynmouth for recompense ; that John Ha) I be sergeant of Tyndale and Riddesdale. Endorsed : — " Dettes of the King's Majesty. 2 Octob. 1552." 3 pp. [Haynes, pp. 126-128. In extenso. ~] 396. Device to pay the Debt. [1552], [Oct. 2].— Minute by Cecil, "For the devise to paye the dett at November," including such items as : — by sale of chantries, 12,000/. ; sale of tenths and other quilletts; to buy up lead at reason- able prices ; to continue the Commission for sale of chantries ; to pro* ceed for the collection of Church plate, — Item, Sir John Gilford to have the Marsh of Gilford. Item, where one Day has the privilege for the Catechism, and one Reyne Wolfe for all Latin books, that they both may join in printing the Catechism. Endorsed by Cecil : — f< Memory." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 127. In extenso.'] G 2 100 397. The Queen Dowager of Scots and the Sieur D'Oysel to the French King. [Communicated to Sir Thomas Gresham by the Regent of the Low Countries. See No. 401 beloiv.~] 1552, Oct. 6. — Extract from a writing headed : — " These are the Articles which the Queen Dowager of Scots and le Sieur D'Oysel, Lieutenant for the King in the said country, presently send to His Majesty, to inform and instruct him as to the present state of affairs in Scotland." His Majesty is advertised that of the two Irishmen who came into this country, as they stated, by his Majesty's command, one is named George Paris, who has made many journeys into France with letters from the Princes and Lords of Ireland to his Majesty, and has been found guilty of treason to his Majesty ; in fact, he had obtained a pardon from the King of England, to whom lie intended to go, carrying with him his Majesty's letters to the Irish Princes, &c, had not M. D'Oysel, a few days since, seized all his papers, which contained proofs of his intercourse with the English. He has therefore been put in a place of security. The other gentleman, his companion, has but lately returned from Ireland with some letters from certain Princes and Lords of that country to the Queen Dowager ; he had reported that the said Princes greatly suspected Paris, and the Earl of Ormond, now at the English Court, had informed the Earl of Desmond, that Paris had done much to the prejudice of Desmond and his adherents. The gentleman is named Cormock Courquhor, and is a man of good service and credit, banished from his home, his father a prisoner in England : he therefore prays his Majesty's aid. — Falkland, 6 October 1552. Signed : — " Marie," and underwritten : " H. dentin." Copy. French. 2\ pp. [Haynes, p. 133. In extenso.] 398. Dr. N. Wotton to Sir W. Cecil. 1552, Oct. 10. — To-morrow they intend to wait on Cecil to declare what they have done with the ambassadors. Desires to know what answer he shall make to M. de Villandre as to the required escort from Calais to Guisnes, for fear of the English Burgoines, who lie at Guisnes and in villages thereabout. Had been asked by the French ambassador to remind Cecil about the answer touching an order which the French King had made in France for the seas. — Warwick, 10 October 1552. Endorsed by Cecil: — " Vileandrees matters." \\pp. [Haynes, p. 128. In extenso .] 399. Christian, King of Denmark, to Edward VI. 1552, Oct. 30. — Acknowledges his letter, dated Greenwich, 19 June, sent by John Borthwick, now returning at Edward's request. Thanks him for his expression of friendship which he reciprocates. Testifies to Edward's ardent zeal for the pure doctrine of God's word and for its dissemination throughout his dominions. — Copenhagen, 30 October 1552. Latin. 1 p. [Ha) nes, p. 129. In extenso. ~\ 400. Dr. Richard Smith to Sir Nicholas Strelley, Captain of Berwick. 1552, Nov. 11.— One Digby came to him at St. Andrew's the 10th ©f November and said that Sir Nicholas had received the King's 101 pardon for G. Paris, for his priest Robert Daly, and the third for the writer- As for Paris, he is in prison by the Queen's commandment, and Monsieur Doosyes [? D'Osye3], his servant, had given information that he had in his coffer a great box of letters. Whereupon the Queen sent to the Provost of Edinburgh to search his chamber, and found in a coffer the King's pardon and other letters. There is a common bruit that he and Paris wrote the secrets of this realm to the Council, which is very false. If Paris is once out of prison he will soon do the King good service in Ireland. Hears that O'Connor is sent by the Queen into Ireland, to comfort them, that they go not from their promise made to the French King concerning that country. Has sent the doctrine set out by the clergy in their assembly at Candlemas last. Asks that the pardon may be sent. — St. Andrew's, 11 November. H PP' [Haynes, p. 130. In extenso. ~\ 401. Sir Thomas Gresham to the Duke of Northumberland. 1552, Nov. 16. — Particulars of his financial transactions for the Government. His talk with the Emperor's ambassador. Schetz gives a good report of the writer to the Regent, who sends her Treasurer to him. Is shown important letters of the Queen of Scots that had come into the Regent's hands, also a letter of the French King. Is to receive copies [See Nos. 268 and 397 above], and then will repair to his Grace with all diligence. Tells him to have regard to the Lord of Ormond, who is "touched" in the Queen of Scot's letters. — Antwerp. 16 Nov., 1552. 3 pp. [Haynes, pp. 132, 133. I?i extenso.'] 402. Sir Nicholas Strelley to Lord Wharton. 1552, Nov. 18. — Encloses a letter from Dr. Smythe. Asks that the pardon for the said Doctor and for Robert Daly, priest, may be obtained as soon as possible. Sends certain books, set out by the clergy of Scotland, sent unto him by Dr. Smythe. Intends to be at Newcastle by the 20th inst., concerning the ship there arrested. — Berwick Castle^ 18 November 1552. I p. [Haynes, p. 129. In extenso. ~] 403. Thomas Parry to Sir W. Cecil. 1552, Nov. 19. — Her Grace prays Cecil's diligence touching Blakes- ley, and to advertise her by bearer. Will not forget Cecil's letter as to his office. Her Grace's mind is that Parry, the Auditor, and some other of her own folks shall forth to survey after Candlemas. — 19 November 1552. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 131. In extenso.] 404. The Duke of Northumberland to the Secretaries of State (Sir W. Petre and Sir W. Cecil). 1552, Nov. 23. — Has perused their letters and wishes — since the mat- ter is so forward, that his Highness hath nominated personages for managing this weighty and secret affair — that no time should be lost in consulting what is to be done in it. Approves the choice of councillors, all save himself, who neither hath understanding nor wit meet for the association, nor body apt to render his duty, as the will and heart de- 102 siretb. Eeceived before dinner a packet from the North, which con- firmed the letters from Falkland, and also the ratifying by Mr. Cham- berlain's letters, how all things come together. Has perceived by their letter that the Count of Horn, with others of the Privy Chamber of the Emperor, should have arrived at London ; wishes some of the Chamber were sent to welcome them. Endorsed by Cecil " 23 Nov. 1552." 1 p. [Haynes, p. 137. In extenso.] 405. The Priyy Council to Sir Thomas Chamberlain. 1552, Nov. 23. — Have of late had certain matter opened to them from the Regent, that it is thought meet that some further progress shall be used in the same through Chamberlain. In the end of this summer, Thomas Gresham entered into talk with the Emperor's am- bassador here resident, as to a closer friendship and amity between this realm and the Emperor's Low Countries. VVliereupon, when Gresham was last in Flanders, at Jasper Schetz's house, the Regent sent Trea- surer Longine to commune further with him, who showed unto him for demonstration of the Queen's amity towards the King, that a courier from Scotland to the French King had been stopped near Boulogne with a packet of letters, among which was one from the Queen Dowager to the French King, with reference to George Paris, one who had ap- plied himself to all the traitorous practices of Ireland, against the King's "Majesty in the French Court, Paris had obtained a pardon, which had been sent to Berwick, to be delivered to him at his entry out of Scot- land, but the same was indiscreetly handled by Sir Nicholas Strelley, who sent it to Edinburgh to him. The result appears in the Queen's letter, with other matter of much importance for the better order of Ireland. Another writing was showed to Gresham, which was the instruction from the French King, dated 15é8, at the time the Lord Admiral, the Duke of Somerset's brother, was imprisoned, showing what good meaning the French King had, to have moved a civil war by the matter. A copy of this instruction was delivered to Gresham. [Haynes, p. 135.] The Treasurer also had much friendly talk with Gresham, touching the corroboration of the amity between the Regent and the King ; making mention of the King of the Romans' daughters, by speech of marriage for the King. To which Gresham replied that he was not expert or brought up to understand such great and princely matters, but was willing to repair to the Council with the copies of the letters ; and so he had done. They, therefore, instruct Chamberlain to convey his Majesty's most hearty thanks to the Regent for this friendly discover}' of the letters, and to assure the Queen that if any man should be sent to propound any matter tending to the augmentation of the amity betwixt the King and the Emperor, they would always be ready to further the same. lie is also to let Her Majesty understand that the French King had made arrangements in Scotland to have 5,000 footmen and 500 horsemen to serve against the Emperor next spring, with the Earl of Cassilis as their general ; the French ambassador had also made means with certain merchants to provide 400,000 crowns in the lower parts of Germany about Lubeck. [From a minute, with portions underlined for cipher.'] Endorsed by Cecil: — " 23 Nov. Letter to Sir Thomas Chamber- lain e — the practise of Ireland." S pp. [Haynes, p. 138. In extenso.] 103 406. The Duke of Northumberland to the Secretaries of State. 1552, Nov. 23. — Requires to know how the matter stands with the Dean of Durham. Reminds them that some order should be taken for Knox, otherwise they shall not avoid the Scots from out of Newcastle. Has been moved by sundry honest men to be a suitor to the King, that the linen that appertained to the churches in London, as surplices and altar-cloths, should be given for the health of the poor. Desires that the Lord Chamberlain may move the King in the following matters : — 1. That the Duke of Suffolk and the Earls of Salop and Huntingdon be put in certain commissions. 2. That some fit person may be nominated for Ireland. 3. That some apt men having learning and language may be nominated to reside about the Emperor and the Regent of Flanders. 4. That a fit person take charge of Berwick, in the place of Mr. Sturley [Strelley] ; and that his Majesty's pleasure be known concerning the Marshalship of Rokesby. — Chelsea, 23 November 1552. 1^ pp. [Haynes, p. 136. In extenso.] 407. The Duke of Northumberland to the Lord Chamberlain and the Secretaries of State. [1552. Post Nov. 26]. — Reminding them of the talk, he willed ■Gresham to entertain the Emperor's ambassador with, at his first «oming to Windsor. The result of this is seen in a letter from Grresham which he encloses, and which he desires they will communicate to the King in such secret wise as shall seem to their wisdom. Remarks that there doth appear in this more goodwill than of long time he has seen on that side. — Undated. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 132. In extenso.] 408. Walter Hele, Vicar of Iplepen, co. Devon. 1552, Nov. 27.— Recantation of Walter Hele, Vicar of Tplepen pronounced in the Cathedral Church of St. Peter, Exon. A contempo- rary copy attested by Miles [Coverdale], Bishop of Exeter. 13 pp. 409. The King to the Lord Deputy of Ireland. 1552, Nov. 29.— Minute (in Petre's handwriting) of a letter from the King to the Lord Deputy of Ireland [Sir J. Croft], requiring him to delay his coming thence, until the King's further pleasure be signified unto him. Desiring him also to send unto the Council a full opinion of the whole state of that realm, and of such things as require present consideration. Endorsed: — "M. from the King to the L. Deputy of Ireland 29 Nov. 1552." [Haynes, p. 140. In extenso.] 410. Articles sent to the Lord Deputy of Ireland. 1552, Nov. 29.— " Articles to be delivered to the Lord Deputy in Ireland, of divers matters concerning the King's affairs in that realm whereof the King's Privy Council require answer." The items refer to the following matters :— the army ; fortifications ; the mint ; the 104 revenue ; Martin Pyrrye ; mines ; the countries of Lesse and Offally ; the kindred of O'Connor and O'More ; ordnance; navy; O'Baylee; the Earl of Desmond; McCarthy More; Earl of Thomond; Earl of Clanricard ; Baron of Dungarvan ; Earl of Tyrone ; James M'Conell ; and O'Donnell and his children. Endorsed : — " Minute of tharticles sent to the Lord Depute of Irian cl by Mr. Knolles, 29° Novembr. 1552." %\pp~ [Haynes, p. 141. In extenso. ~] 411. The Privy Council to the Lord Deputy of Ireland. 1552, Nov. 29. — Minute from the Privy Council to the Lord Deputy of Ireland [Sir J. Croft], signifying the King's pleasure for his continu- ance in Ireland for a few weeks longer, for certain weighty considerations. (Here follow two lines in cipher.) Instructing him to make some convenient excuse for this delay in his return, and on no account to let it be known that it is owing to this order from them. Urging the speedy return of the messenger, with his opinion on the articles sent herewith. In case he should meet the messenger on this side, he is to continue his journey towards the King. Endorsed: — "M. from the Lords to the Lord Deputy of Ireland^ 29° Novemb. 1552." 412. PiEEE Yeulnerice to John [Dudley], Duke of Northumber- land. 1552, Dec. 12. — Forwarding a letter from Liege, addressed to the Duke. He is to pay the bearer three " patars de Flandre. " Eequests that any reply may be sent to Bruges, Rue des Armeuries, at the sign of the Burchgrave Coultier de Lainnes. — Bruges, 12 December 1552. Endorsed by Cecil: — "9 Dec. 1552. Geffery Pooles letters to the. Lords for his safe conduct." \ p. French. Annexed, Sir Geoffrey Pole to the Privy Council. To his great grief he has not heard particularly from his wife and children for four years. By the bruit that goeth he hears that their Lordships are very good to them. Prays permis>- sion to come and see his family and to declare his poor heart and mind to their Lordships. Trusts they will then perceive that not without reason he required such sort of safe conduct. Beseeches their favour, whom, none vf them all, he has offended. Asks that his wife may be allowed to have the letter directed to her, and that she may have licence to write to him again. Prays pardon of his scribbling, " that use no secretary" — Liège, 9 December 1552. Addressed: — " To my lor des grace off \No\rthumberland and the \resi\dew of the Kynge's Ma tie hys honorable Cowncellers.'* 1 p. Holograph. Sir Geoffrey Pole to Lady Constance Pole. Is glad to hear that the Duke of Northumberland shows favour unto her, and that Arthur, delivered out of prison, is in his Grace's service. Has been four years absent, and is desirous 105 to return to her and his children, trusting that his desire to return may be taken in as good part, as his departure ivithout licence was taken in ill part. Prays her to certify what favour he shall find at the hands of the Council, and whether they will grant him a safe conduct to come and return. — Ledge (Liège), 9 December 1552. Signed : — " Your louying bedfellow, Geoffrey PoleT 1 p. Holograph. 413. Sir T. Chamberlain to the Lords of the Council. 1552, Dec. 13. — Reports the conversation between himself and the two Presidents as to the intercepted letters which had been shown to Thomas Gresham, and as to the necessity of a closer amity between England and the Low Countries. A.s to the latter is sure the Council will perceive that they are anxious about it, but are loath to be the seekers. A Councillor gave him to understand " that they had received a nay of you which I guess doth now cause them to stand the stiffer." Speaking of the amity the same Councillor said, " What should we trust thereto seeing you refuse to aid us, which by the treaty you are bound unto ? " Nevertheless has good hope as their Lordships shall see by the end of the two Presidents' talk.' — Brussels, 13 December 1552. In cipher. 7^ pp. [Haynes, p. 142. I?i extenso.] Contemporary decipher of the preceding. Endorsed by Cecil: — 13 Dec. 1552. From Mr. Chamberlain to y e Council ; answer made by y e Regent to him." 4±pp. 414. Sir William Pickering to Sir W. Cecil. [1552], Dec. [22]. — So far as he can see other fruit will not ensue by the French Commissioners coming hither in our merchants' complaints than their wonted fair words. Fears their new promises will still prove old delays. Thinks Cecil somewhat relented in his last answer to the Commissioners. M. Bois-Daulphin cometh home shortly. " We say here that Bois-Daulphin hath so feasted and banqueted you in England that ye will with very evil will suffer him to depart." — Compiegne, December. Partly cipher, deciphered. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 144. In extenso.'] 415. Intelligence from France. 1552, Dec. 23.— This day, the 23rd of December 1552, MM. de Vaudeville and de Halloye came out of Hesdin to agree upon articles for its surrender with the Duke de Vendôme et de Beaumont, Governor and Lieutenant-General of the King in Picardy, Boulogne, and Artois, who has granted the following terms : — 1. M. de Beaurin, Lieutenant of the Emperor, shall march out with all the captains and men of war, horse and foot, with their arms, horses, and ensigns furled, without sound of drum, until they are out of sight of the camp. 2. The Duke permits them to remove two " faulcons " which they brought into the place, with horses to conduct them, as also to carry off the sick and wounded. 3. The Duke will retain the French prisoners unless M. de Beaurin can remove them. 106 4. M. de Beaurin promises to leave the place without fraud or deception, leaving all the artillery and other munitions of war without concealing or injuring anything. In witness whereof M. de Beaurin has signed these presents in the town of Hesdin the day and year above written. — Signed, Jehan de Croy. Minute. Endorsed by W. Pickering : — " The rendering of Hudyng." 1 p. French. 416. The Mint at Dublin. 1552, Dec. 27. — Draft Signet Bill, granting liberty to the officers of the Mint at Dublin, to coin further bullion to the extent of 8,000/., notwithstanding the previous restraint sent to the Lord Deputy, Sir James Croft. — Greenwich, the day of December, 6 Edw. VI. Endorsed by Cecil: — "27 December, 1552. Minute of the King's letter to the Justices in Ireland for setting the Mint at liberty." \ sheet. 417. Records, &c. [1552?].— Index Nominum, "out of Mr. Webbe's book " (41pp.) [See No. 331 above], followed by notes headed, " Records that remain in the King's Majesty's Treasury of Receipt be as follow ; delivered to my Lord by Mr. Lambe ultimo Maii, 1552," (2J pp.), and " Also remains their fines from Richard I. unto Henry VIII." (J p.) Further index of names (7^ pp.). Partly Latin. 418. Bernardo Nayagiero, 1552. — Relatione del clarissimo M. Bernardo Navagiero, fatta nell' Excell mo Conseglio de Pregadi, 1'anno 1552, quando ritorno da Costan- tinopoli, ova era stato Baylo appresso Sultan Solimano, Ottomano Imperatore de' Turchi. 71 pp. 419. Henry Lacy to Sir W. Cecil. 1552-3, elan. 27. — Upon sight of Cecil's letter to the alderman and brethren, for the election of Sir Anthony Coke, his father-in-law, to be burgess for Stamford, the whole company agreed without contradiction. And where the Lord Admiral has written in the favour of another burgess, the writer intimates that the burgesses of Stamford are in favour of his son Robert Lacy, of Lincoln's Inn, Prays Cecil to persuade his lordship not to molest this election. — Stamford, 27 January. [The return, dated 16th Feb., 7 Edio. VI, (1553), gives Richard Cooke, Esq., and Robert Lacy, gent., as the burgesses for Stamford, Co. Lincoln. — Pari. Writs and Returns (Public Record Office), Bund. 20.] Endorsed: — 27 January 1553. \p. [Haynes, p. 201. In extenso.'] 420. William Thorold and Henry Sayile to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, Jan. 31. — Have examined the enclosed bill of complaint presented by Lawrence Wymberley and 14 other inhabitants of South Witham. Report that upon examination of the matter it appeared that R. Troughton and the greater part of the inhabitants had met in the church, and agreed to lay parcel of the common ground several for that 107 year only, for the protection of their corn. That the action in the King's Bench is because, as Troughton allegeth, they, with their cattle, did depasture his corn. The inhabitants also seemed to fear, hearing Troughton had taken their farms in lease from the King, that he might alter things, by enclosure of commons orothewise, and deprive them of their farms. — Grantham, 31 January 1552. Enclosure, Bill of complaint, presented by certain inhabitants of South Wit ham to Sir JVm. Cecily showing, that they and their predecessors had time out of mind used a common ground called " Bradgate" where all the tenants at all times of the year did depasture their beasts. That Richard Troughton, of Witham aforesaid, had of late refused to allow them to depasture their said several beasts upon the common ground, and had sued four of their neighbours by w?'its of the King's Bench, and a latitat had been directed to the Sheriff of Lincoln, to execute against the said tenants. Praying Cecil to stay the proceedings, I P. 421. Sir Anthony Auchar to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 1. — Has received no answer touching the matter between Cecil and Mistress Hall. Desires now, help and advice. One Mr. Leonard, a lawyer, who married the widow of Anthony Brickes, late Clerk Comp- troller of the late King's Household, with whom Auchar had served at Boulogne when Brickes was taken prisoner, has, as executor to Brickes, produced four actions for horse-collars, salt, &c, against Auchar, to which he has offered denial. Since his coming hither, Leonard has obtained a condemnation of all four actions to the value of 100/., which he shall be forced to pay unless the Council will stay the proceedings and the matter be called before Mr. Cox or the Council. Has written to Mr. Mason and Mr. Hoby. — -Calais, 1 February. Endorsed : — 1553. i p. 422. John Hooper, Bishop of Worcester and Gloucester, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 2. — The morn after I had ended my long and full circuit from church to church in Worcester and Warwickshire, I received your letter, and so do answer the effect of it by the letter enclosed. I did not persuade my conscience to judge upon the reporter of the tale, but rather lamented mine own state, that is as much subject to slander and calumniation as a wretched man's may be. The mercy of God preserve me that I merit them not, and give patience to be con- tented with all things that he shall send. You and I, if we should kneel all days of our life, could not give condign thanks to God for that he hath mercifully inclined the hearts of the people to wish and hunger for the word of God, as they do. Doubtless it is a great nock that Christ will save in England. I see none worse than we ourselves that have good and true knowledge and yet not the effect in fruits. There lacketh nothing among the people but sober, learned, and wise men. I pray you, for the discharge of your own soul, cause your servant to remember how many souls he is accountable for in Hertiibury ; let him be assured, in case neither by himself, nor by a sufficient deputy, he see not God's 108 flock fed before Easter, if I live and have health and go about again, he shall go with a great many others out of his benefice. It is a shame before God so to dally with souls, and let them perish by ignorance, for whom Christ hath shed his precious blood. Tell him what he is — a pastor — pascat igitur ; he knoweth this terrible and yet most true sentence : to ouy.a, eic ttjç xeifoq tov a-Konov è^T^a-a. \_Bzekiel, xxxiii. v. 6.J — Worcester, 2 February 1553. Addressed: "To the right honorable my singuler frend S r Wm. Cecill, Knight, one of the Kinges Mat 63 cheife Secretaries." Holograph. 1 p. Copy of preceding. Encloses, The Same to John Drew, gentleman. Perceiving by your letter you uttered not your grief after such sort as I charged you, in case ye did not, the more charity was in you and the less in him that reported the fault ; but this is, and always will be, the hap of the sufferer, to bear the beginning of the bruit with all the increase and augmentation it taketh by often reporting. Your labours shall not be un- discerned. Where you think Bowcher had a fee, when you see the conveyance between the dead bishop and him, you will understand he had none. Before the allowance I have of the King for that office, I assure you it is not one penny his Majesty hath allowed, as his pleasure is a great deal more to mine office than I am able to deserve, and out of that, not hurting my successors, I will with tcisdom and charity recom- pense such men's labours as serve with me and for me the glory of God in my travailous and painful vocation. I will perform all promises with you, and would have done at this time, if I coidd have set you in the place clearly. — i Worcester, 2 February, 1553. Holograph, § p. Copy of preceding. 423. Richard Ogle to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 5. — With regard to his patent as Deputy Recorder of Boston, informs Cecil that Sir John Browne had said in Boston that Cecil being Recorder could make no deputy. Wendon had delivered the patent to the Mayor instead of to Cecil for whom it was intended. The Mayor now refuses to let him have it. Requests Cecil to write to the Mayor to deliver it up. Has sent Cecil's fees, that of the D. of Suffolk is too little. Has forwarded Suffolk's court-roll. — Pinchbeck, 5 February 1552. Signed. Copy of preceding. 424. The Lord Chancellor [Thomas Goodrich, Bishop of Ely] to Sir W. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 16. — Has consulted with the Lord Chief Justice and others, and finds that there are precedents for Parliaments being kept, 109 when the Kings were absent, but they were ill taken afterwards. They think it best to have the Parliament adjourned. — 16 February. Endorsed:—" 16 Februarii 1553." \ p. [Haynes, p. 145. In extenso.'] 425. Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Privy Council. 1552-3, Feb. 20. — Since the Emperor's arrival no matter of moment had occurred, every man attending to hear wherefore the estates of the Low Countries were called. On Tuesday last the same were assembled, and called upon by the Emperor, and by his sister the Lady Regent, to furnish supplies for the war against France. The President of the Estates also spoke, as well as the Treasurer. Six thousand guilders re- quired of Brabant, 9,000 of Flanders, and 3,000 of Holland, and of the other countries after like rate, whereupon the Commissioners of each country departed home, to see how the same might be levied, and so to make answer. The spirituality, it appeared, must give the half of their revenues for the year, as they did the previous year. Great likeli- hood that by this means, and by great loans made for him in Antwerp, his Majesty would want no money to make the French King a good war. Intelligence that the Count Palatine was appointed to come as commissary of the Princes of the Empire, who desired the Emperor to have the King of Bohemia as his coadjutor in the Empire, and, on that condition, would take the wars wholly upon them that way, and seek to make the French King restore what he had wrongfully usurped since the beginning of the wars. Rumoured jealousy of the Venetians by the Emperor. His Majesty demanded of the Estates payment of one half at the end of next month, and the rest within four months after. Rumour that a son of the King of the Romans was coming towards Brussels shortly. — Brussels, 20 Feb. 1553. pp. [Lodge, Vol. L, pp. 192-195. In extenso.] 426. Francis Ayscoughe to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 20. — Has required Mr. Moryson to inform Cecil "that there is a church in Grimsby called St. Mary's Church, being of a great circuit and compass, all covered with lead, and the town being in great ruin and decay, and nothing so populous as it hath been," so that the parson, Thomas Williamson, who dwells at Eystcn of the Hill beside Stamford [Easton], having little profit thereof, did not find a curate to serve there for the space of two months together ; and the people of that parish went to St. James' within the same town, which could easily accommodate them. Since St. Mary's is worth only 71. l*7s. 2d. in the King's books, by the statute it may be united to another church. Suggests, therefore, that this should be done, with the consent of the King and Sir Thomas Hennage, the patrons ; Cecil to have the lead, worth 400/.. for his trouble in the matter, and he (Ayscoughe) would crave the stone and timber at a reasonable price. — « Kelsey, 20 February. Endorsed " 1553." I p. 427. Sir Richard Morysine to the Privy Council. 1552-3, Feb. 20. — The meeting of the great Princes this Shrovetide, Sit Duke Maurice's house, called Dresden, was not held. It is said the Electors, Princes, and States of Germany mean to offer, by the Palsgrave, 110 to the Emperor, men and money to recover Metz, and anything else that pertains to the Empire, in return for his making Maximilian coad- jutor of the Empire with him, hut it is thought he will rather want the one than consent to the other. The practice most probably proceeds from Duke Maurice. It was a great "corsey" [grievance] to the Emperor that the Electors and States refused to make his son Philip coadjutor, but if all Germany, freely and unsought for, offer that to his nephew, which they would neither give nor sell to his son, it is like to be a far bigger grief to him. If the suit be now made, it is made in such time as the Emperor can as evil say nay do it, as it must needs be against his will to grant it. It is stated that the Emperor will make Maximilian his general in Almain. As to the rumoured marriage of Marquis Albert with the Duchess of Lorraine, the Palsgrave and the Marquis desire it, and it was thought the Emperor would help it. The Palsgrave would by it hope to come by his part of Denmark ; the Marquis desires it because the Duke of Holstein, who was nigh marrying his sister, and broke off on sight of the Duchess of Lorraine, is a great suitor to her, and the Emperor may thus, by his deputy, trouble Denmark. Perhaps Maximilian is sent for to be made general, and some way to be devised so that he be here before the Palsgrave ; but, if there be a practice in it, Maximilian will rather stand to be coadjutor than hastily accept to become general. Reasons why the suit is not made for the King of the Romans. The Bishops are so in fear of the Marquis that they would consent to anything that may be their safety. The Bishop[ric]s of Magonce [Mentz], Triers [Treves], and Cologne are to be destroyed if some able and willing man is not found to see them defended against the French King. The Emperor will receive in all from the clergy 1,200,000 crowns for these last two years, and shall have from the Low Countries 2,500,000 of gold, and it is said 2,000,000 of gold from Spain. D' Arras, M. di Prato, and others have sent their plate to the . mint, receiving 36 stivers per ounce, instead of 31. Pre- parations for war both by the Emperor and by France. For matters in Italy the imperials already speak against the Viceroy of Naples [Don Pedro de Toledo] for taking in hand this enterprise [of the recovery of Sienna], complaining that he acted without commission. The Viceroy left in his absence his one son, Governor of Naples, and made the other, Don Garzias, general of the enterprise, he lying at Florence with the Duke. If the Prince of Salerno comes towards Italy his coming shall be the Viceroy's excuse, and his retire taken for honourable. The Duke of Florence does what he can to seem neutral, lending 12 battery pieces to the imperials, and aiding the passage of money to the Cardinal of Ferrara in Sienna. The Bishop of Rome, the Venetians, the Duke of Ferrara, and the Duke of Florence too desire Sienna to be independent of both Emperor and King. The Bishop of Rome has sent Signor Junta, his Master of the Posts, with an offer of mediation ; and it is said, if the Emperor had won Metz, the legates would have already been here. Before Junta has his answer and can be at home again the war will wax " good and warm." It is thought the best part of this summer's war will be in Italy, where it will last till want of money on both sides parts the fray. The Turk has placed a navy under the orders of the Prince of Salerno, who if he get to Naples before the Viceroy, will turn that State upside down. He (the Viceroy) at Sienna beheaded the Marquis di Castel Vetere and imprisoned Signor Caasare Caraffe. The short letter concerning Transylvania came from the Venetian Am- bassador with the King of the Romans. It is supposed the Turk will go to the wars in person this summer, and will either come hither, or Ill meet the Sophy, who this winter besieged Argis. Exchange of cour- tesies between the Turk and the King of Poland. While the French King practices in all places to abase the House of Austria, three of the Emperor's chief councillors, the Duke of Alva, Don Pedro de Toledo, and the Duke of Florence are in a league against other three, Ferrante Gouzaga, d' Arras, and Don Diego. The Queen scarce thinks anything of them, the " Emperor's good servant," but the Emperor countenances Alva, who is going to Spain, and shows some displeasure to d* Arras. The recriminations of either three against the other three described. The Prince of Suimona, General Captain in Italy of the Emperor's horse, is dead, and M. du Ruelx is here sick ; M. di Prat could not bear that he [du Ruelx] had done well at Heding. The Emperor would give Sulmona's charge to Signor Francisco di Este, but one " three " or the other ever find ways to excuse the non-charge. The Duke of Ferrara is not, as was said, made General Captain by the Venetians. The Duke of Urbino, they say, is made Gonfaloniere of the Church, and the Bishop's nephew is to marry the Duke's daughter and be made Duke of Camarino. The French King's liberality to his troops that served in Metz has been followed by the Emperor's having given extra pay to Marquis Hans' horsemen ; it is said, however, that he will trust more to the Germans hereafter than to either Italians or Spaniards, and that this is done to get him the name of a good payer. Some jealously between the Court and the Venetians, because the Frenchmen took up soldiers for Sienna out of Grema. — Brussels, 20 Feb. 1553. 7 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 180-191. In extenso.'] 428. The Lord Treasurer [ Marquis of Winchester] to Sir W. Cecil. 1552-3, Feb. 27. — Has read the strange things contained in Cecil's letters. The Emperor and Lady Regent make great provision of money, declaring thereby that he mindeth not to lose honour for all his sickness. Though others think to bring Maximilian into the defence of Italy at the charges of the country, he thinks the Emperor will not of it. Matters are like to move great trouble in Christendom, and give the Turk liberty to do many more things than he could do if the Princes of Christendom were in peace. Is glad of the King's recovery, and likes well the beginning of the Parliament, to stay the King yet from the open air. Trusts by the full Parliament to be ready himself to attend. — Monday, 27 February 1552. \\ pp. [Haynes, p. 145. In extenso.] 429. The Intelligence of the Spy sent into Normandy. [1552-3, February.] Jan. 17.— There are at Estaples five ships laden with wine and two ships with malt to brew withal ; and before Mons- treuil 10 boats with wine, oats, &c. Jan. 18. — At Crottoy, two ships of war and one ship with pickaxes and mattocks, and at St. Vallery upon the Somme two ships laden with artillery and two ships of war amending, and one ship laden with " gonstones," and two ships of war. Jan. 20. — At Trayport, two ships of war and three ships with hay for horse meat. Jan. 21. — At Dieppe, 17 ships with hay and garbage and two with tents and pavilions ; five ships with wine and three with bread ; 15 ships of war, two laden with shovels and other implements of pioneers, 112 and 30 ships amending and preparing for the war. There is proclaimed by the King that every baker shall bake four times the week. Jan. 22. — At Fécainp, two ships of war, and other ships with victuals and implements of war. At St. Valéry in Caux, five ships of war. Jan. 23. — At Newhaven, called Havre de Grace, is great quantity of wheat brought to be shipped ; also five great ships of war and the " Sacre " of Dieppe in the road, new victualled to go to sea. Jan. 25. — At Honfleur, eight ships laden with wine and bread ; and at Harfleur, 10 ships with wine, wheat, and oats, " whereof be three great ships rigged to the war." Jan. 26. — At Rouen, five ships of war and 18 laden with wine, &c. ; " the saying was, the same to go to Boulogne or into Scotland. And from St. Valéry to Rouen be well 8,000 footmen of war to keep the Englishmen from descending, or else to tarry till the ships be ready." Jan. 19. — AtCrottoy is Mons. de Cormasters, brother to the Marshal de Bies, with 300 horses and many footmen. Feb. 8. — At Hesdine, the saying is that the garrison should issue, and that Hesdine should be rendered unto Mons. de Reulx this next week. — Undated. \\pp. 430. Suits to the King. 1552-3, March 7. — List of suits presented to the King and notes of the decisions. 3 pp. 431. Sir Richard Morysine to the Privy Council. 1552-3, Mar. 24. — Not till to-day did the Queen send for him to declare his Majesty's answer to his message. Had allowed them leisure for the business, as there were some hindrances ; the Emperor's ambas- sador resident " there " having sent over his secretary on Wednesday last, which would cause the matters to be longer debated ; perhaps also the Monk, Abbate di San Giovanni, or Bassamp, was looked for. M. D' Arras was with the Queen, and interpreted to him the Em- peror's answer. The Emperor said he was sorry he could not see him (Morysine) ; he rejoiced to see in the King of England such a love and earnestness to help to settle things that were now lost and far out of order, and thanked him ; but the French King being he that began the brawl, and making no such offers as showed any desire of peace, he could make no other answer than he had made to Mr. Dudley; yet when such offers of peace were made to him as the French King of reason ought to make, and such as he with his honour might accept, the King of England should understand that he wished the weal of Christen- dom, and he exhorts the said King to continue his mediation. The Emperor was about present Edward with ten Italian horses. He (Morysine) had answered that the Emperor might be assured of King Edward doing his best to have honour of this enterprise which he had taken in hand. As to Edward's intention of changing ambassadors and recalling him, d' Arras said the Emperor would be sorry for his going hence. He had sent to the Queen that if either she or the Emperor should see occasion for him to send his master word what he might do, or how he might step to some new labour, no pleasure would be so grateful to him as to do it. He also said to the Queen that he had heard there was a monk here with great offers of restitution, with entreaty for marriages, which she and d' Arras laughed away and said were fables. 113 The rumour is that the French King would render all Piedmont, save Turin and Pignerol, to the Prince of Piedmont, and all Savoy, except Montmelian, to the Duke, and (if the Prince of Spain have a son by the French King's sister) all his rights to Milan to that son ; Metz to the Empire; Sienna to those of Sienna; and Lorraine to the Duchess thereof. They have also devised the Emperor's answer, that his son is already promised in marriage, but if the French King will bestow his sister upon the Prince of Piedmont the Emperor would make up the marriage, so that the French King will do that out of hand which he promises in time to come. These rumours are thought to be devised by such as favour the French, to make the people loth to pay the taxes agreed upon. But it were much that the French King should trust Bassamp with articles ; more, that he would take them to a monk, and not make the King of England privy thereto. The King of France would thereby mean little honour to the King of England for his travail. The French King is sending Cardinal Chatillon as bis ambassador to Rome. It is thought that the Constable sees a time when he may do the King his master good service, or else he would not see this done. Duke Horatio and Pietro Strozzi are said to be going into Italy, but much war is not looked for this summer. The Marquis of Marignano is paying the soldiers for their services at Metz. The Duke of Florence, as the Turk is thought not to come, and France is said to lack money, will show himself Imperial, and being persuaded that the French King means to turn him out of Florence, will do his best to turn the French King out of Sienna. In Sienna the French have abandoned Pienza and divers other forts, but still hold Monticelli and Chiusi. The Emperor is somewhat amended. Had spoken with Vesalius, the * Emperor's physician. When his successor comes they will have a view of him, and judge better then as to his condition. Believes he shall never see him weaker than Mr. Dudley, and he saw him at Luxemburg. — Brussels, 24 March 1553. 5 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 196-204. In extenso.'] 432. John Johnson to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, Mar. 31. — Thanks Cecil for the good comfort in his letter of the 29th instant. Where Cecil requires that there may be assurance made for the wools he had of Cecil's father, which are appointed to one of Cecil's young sisters, states that all his goods have been attached by his creditors. Desires Cecil to be his good master so that some good order may be taken to distribute his goods to the best advantage both for satis- fying what he owes for the wools, and that Cecil's sister lose nothing. — London, 31 March 1553. Holograph. 1 p. 433. Sir Richard Morysine and Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Privy Council. 1553, April 4. — The departure of Marquis Albert and his attitude towards the German bishops. The other princes remain at Heidelberg. The Duke of Wurtemberg has agreed with Magister Teutonice Ordinis for 66,000 thalers, and has offered 150,000 thalers to settle his suit with the K. of Pome, which is thought reasonable. Wolradus, for want of money, has stolen from his soldiers, and given them leave to shift for themselves. The Duke of Brunswick gathers forces, and means to drive Albertus, the father, and Wolradus, his son, out of their countries, and o 84066. H 114 threatens revenge on the sea cities. The King of Denmark, favoured by the Emperor, intends to place his brother, Hans Frederick, in the Bishopric of Bream, though the Dean of Colain, brother to the Duke of Brunswick, is entered thereupon. Agents from Duke Maurice are looked for to treat of a much desired agreement between him and Duke Frederick. Duke Maurice hath parted of late with the Duke of Bruns- wick at Hala. Maurice rnaketh money by all means he can, and has received 56,000 thalers from the Bishop and Chapter of Magdeburg to- wards his siege expenses. Marquis Hans of Brandenburg, who hath men in readiness, and Duke Maurice, are at enmity. Since Maurice practised with France, the French King has stopped the 20,000 guilders he used to pay yearly to Marquis Hans. Duke John Frederick has had bequeathed to him by his brother Ernest a great deal of plate and ready money besides his yearly revenue of 20,000 guilders. The two brothers, Dukes of Mecklenburg, are at great discord. Description of the Emperor's state of health, and of the remedies applied. By the Queen's advice he had taken some Soldanella pills, through which, his apothecary told Aschara, he is very well amended. D'Alva it is said has either gone to Spain or will tarry at Naples as Viceroy. The King of the Romans and the Turks have, it is reported, agreed upon a truce. From various circumstances it is thought the Turk intends nothing this year. Duke John Frederick, it is said, will be General of the Emperor's wars, and Marquis Albert Vice-general. The Baylo of Brabant is buying plate for coining at 36 stivers the ounce, instead of 31. M. du Ruelx has already gone to his charge, and most of the great men are making ready to go, and some have left. The Tran- sylvanian army complain to the King of the Romans for the lack of pay- ment. The King of the Romans has sent Gusman to the Emperor to exhort him to appoint a diet for the quietness of Germany. The deputies of Milan, sent by Ferrante Gonzaga, have protested to the Emperor that Gonzaga can do no more without money, the subjects being so strained that they began to mutiny, and the French King could make an easy conquest of any of the forts of Milan. M. D' Aremberg's soldiers, which he had before Metz, being evil paid, mutinied, and he was in peril amongst them. The French have burned some villages in Artois. The warlike preparations here will cost, it is reckoned, 51,000 guilders a month. M. de Glasion, Master of the Artillery, is gone towards Artois, and M. de Hoghstraet goes shortly to the frontiers. They (the writers) do not think it possible for the Emperor to make this year any invasion upon the enemy from these parts, nor for his enemy to come hither with any army, " so sore both the limits have wasted eao.h other in so great compass, that, instead of water, famine is bond sufficient to keep them asunder." — Brussels, 4 April 1553. 3 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 204-212. In extenso.] 434. Thomas Parry to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, April 7. — Forwards a copy of the certificate of Mr. Kingsmyll and Mr. Bridges, as to the " lewd demeanour " of Mr. Key, in his management of the possessions of the House of Ewelme. Points out that the certificate does not mention the plate, ornaments, ready money, or jewels of the said House, amounting to good round sums, nor yet the other lands belonging to the House similarly wasted and spoiled, and converted from the poor, which are speedily to be considered, lest the foundation and almshouse come to perpetual ruin. Inasmuch as her 115 Grace [Princess Elizabeth] tenders much this matter at her heart, she prays Cecil's advice how she may best remedy the evil. She proposes to direct her commission, as Foundress, to Cecil, Sir J. Kingsmyll, and others, for a thorough examination of the matter. Her Grace is deter- mined to remove the violence and oppression, and to have the poor on every hand thoroughly considered. She has written to Mr. Key to come to her, and also to her steward, to forbear holding courts for the present, so that the poor tenants should not be further troubled. She desires Cecil to send a Commission drawn for the purpose of visitation, with a note of such general articles as are to be sent therewith. Sends Cecil a patent of the Stewardship of Colly- Weston signed by her Grace, and sealed with her seal. — Hatfield, 7 April, 1553. Signed. 2 pp. Enclosure, Copy of the certificate of Sir J. Kingsmyll, Knt., and Richard Bridges, Esq., appointed by the letters of the Lady Eliza' bet h to survey the waste and destructions done upon the Manors of Connocke 9 Co. Wilts, and Weyhill, Co. Hants, parcel of the possessions of the House of Ewelme, by Thomas Keye, Paymaster of the said House. Connocke. — Since his coming thither, 380 trees had been sold and given away by Keye, " to the great decay, ruin, and lack of the inhabitants of the village of Connocke, for that the same village standeth in a cold country in the vale of Konnyng- March, where is very barren of wood." Many of these trees he had to build up his own parsonage ; he also obtained 35/. 2s. by the sale of the timber. Keye had granted away the reversion of the farm of Connocke to one Huncle, an Oxford companion, by deed under the Common seal of the House, and had compelled one Deane, the farmer, to give Huncle 40/. for the lease of that reversion. Also, under a promise to Deane to add cer- tain u lokage " lands to his farm, Keye had obtained from Deane 6 silver spoons, 40s. of old gold, and a cow, but failed to fulfil his promise as regards the lands. He was asked to drink at one of the tenants' houses, whereupon he took a fancy to certain masers bound with silver, and obtained them from the tenant's wife, though she was loth to part with them, but feared to displease him ; " and so Mr. Keye left that town without plate" He exacted " knowledge " money, contrary to custom and equity, the particulars being given. Weyhill. — A great quantity of timber had been sold by Keye to strangers, also the pollards and " shrobe " trees that stood in the tenants'' hedge-rows. Names of those tenants from whom he had exacted " knowledge " money, against all cus- tom and right of that manor. Signed. 8 pp. [At the end are some additional notes, in a different hand, as to other irregularities on the part of Keye, stating that he had sold reversions to strangers contrary to the custom of the manor ; further, that he took a chalice from Weyhill valued at 6/., and left 40s. therefor it, not having any consent of the parish.] h 2 116 435. Roger Alforde to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, April 9. — The morrow after the arrival of Cecil's mother, to wit, Wednesday at night last, Mr. Robert Harrington and Mr. White with their wives came to visit her, to whom she communicated the manner of the administration committed to her. Tbey thereupon de- clared their opinions for the making of the inventory, which she seemed nothing to mislike, but said that no man should see the will. In the morning she showed it to Mr. Harrington, as Harrington informed him, when Alforde remarked, that as Cecil was willing to perform more than he was bound by the will, it were well if she were moved for her part to perform the will also. Harrington thought this reasonable, and would urge it, upon conference with Mr. Ogle, and as for Mr. White, he said he knew she had no confidence iu him. She stated that Cecil's father made a will touching his goods when he went to Boulogne, which not being forthcoming, she said might be with Mr. Digby. Alforde, thinking this might have been about the time he conceived displeasure against Cecil for his first marriage, rode over to Mr.. Digby himself, especially as he had been required by Cecil's mother to arrange a lease of Tynwell. On broaching the matter of the will, Mr. Digby at first denied that he had any, but after explaining that Cecil and his mother were well accorded that nothing should remain contrary to the testator's meaning, said he thought he bad one, but whether it was touching his goods or lands, he could not say. Being further questioned said that about Michaelmas last, Cecil's father, showed him about 15 or 16 lines written on a great skin of parchment with his own hand, which he told him was his will of his goods, but was not made privy thereto, for he said that no man should know his mind before his death. Thinks that if his father did engross it, the will was probably drawn before by Mr. Digby. Digby had promised to meet Lord Rutland at Stamford on Thursday, and to bring all the writings, and had promised a sight of them before delivery to Cecil's mother. The Escheator sits on Thursday at Oundell for the finding of the office, as he cannot sit at Stamford within the liberties of Peterborough. The jury are of the freeholders in these parts. Gives particulars as to the wood sales and collection of rents ; as to the latter, says, that the tenants affirm that they have been accustomed to pay the rents a month after they were due. — Burleigh, 9 April 1553. 6 pp. [The Inquisition is dated 13 April, 7 Edw. VI. It states that Richard Cecil died 19 March last past, and that Sir William Cecil is his son and heir, aged 30 years and more. A note at the top sets out that it was delivered to the Court 25 April, 7 Edw. VI, by the hands of Roger Alford, Gent. Inq. p.m. (Chancery), 7 Edw. VI, No. b0.— Public Record Office.^ 436. Sir Richard Morysine to the Duke of Northumberland. 1553, Apr. 11. — Thanks him for the comfort of his letters. If the Commission be amended, Mr. Dudley hath a wrong, yet he cometh not to end that, which he had so good thanks in this Court, for beginning thereof. If no more offers come than those which came before, he would be loth to tarry till seeds sown in so cold a time and ground as they were, should bring forth any fruits. If " these " bring no better stuff than they had to help themselves with, they and he will do no more than Mr. Dudley and he did. Thinks the Queen would aid, if besought. 117 Looks daily for the Bishop of Norwich and Mr. Hoby, " longing to see what we have to do, and wishing it done, that I might end all the rest my evil lucks in the journey with so good a luck at the latter end. The Princes of Germany are about many leagues ; what will ensue it will hardly be guessed, till it be done." Thanks him for the kindness of himself and the Duchess to his wife. Don Diego has promised to write to the Duke. Lord Guildford, his son, shall have a fair jennet from Diego ; two or three greyhounds, and a gelding or two, were not amiss bestowed upon him. — Brussels, 11 April, 1553. 3 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 212-214. In extenso.'] 437. Sir T. Chamberlain to the Privy Council. 1553, Apr. 11. — The Emperor is well recovered, and begins to attend to his affairs more than he has ever done since his arrival here. It is said the Prince of Piedmont is appointed general of his army to be set forth this year, and is to have for councillors M. du Reux, M. de Hoghstraet, M. d'Arenberg, M. de Lalayne, M. de Busshowe, and M. de Biancourt, who, as well as M. du Rye, shall have 1 ,000 horse apiece, besides the ordinary bands of the Low Counties. It is thought that ere long the Duke of Arschot, the Prince of Orange, and the Count of Egmont shall have some charge, for the Prince of Orange has been commanded not to depart for Breda. Great preparation of war material which goes towards Artois, whence it is thought an army will invade Picardy ; but M. du Reux last summer left a great part of the limits of that country " so full of famine," that any army conducted there must carry its provision, Discharge of the Duke of Holstein's Swart R utters, and two other bands of horse, which served at Metz. It is thought the Duke of Alva is gone for the Prince of Spain, and at his return shall be Viceroy of Naples. — Brussels, 11 April 1553. 3^ pp. [Lodge, Vol. L, pp. 214-217. In extenso.] 438. Sir Thomas Gresham to the Duke op Northumberland. 1553, April 12. — After the fall of the exchange from 20s. Ad. to 19s., signified in his letter of the 7th, and which was the fault as much of English merchants as of strangers, he took up by exchange 1,837/. Ss. sterling, or 1,756/. 2s. 3d. Flemish, and admonished the merchants that if they took no other way to pay him than by taking up their money by exchange (which lowered the exchange), he would advertise the King and Council of their slender provision, and who they were that did take up any money by exchange. He did this to bring up the ex- change, and then gave his word for 4,000/. to be delivered to him by exchange, and raised the exchange in two hours from 19s. to 19s. 8c/., where he hopes to keep it. If the Duke has, as he trusts, bargained with the merchants — adventurers and staplers — to have for every pound sterling 23s. 4c/. Flemish, to pay here in England, August next, in valued money, it will, when known, bring up the exchange to 23s. 4d. Advises that, if the merchants require to have any more money before- hand to be disbursed, the Duke should not consent, and gives reasons. Writes in favour of Adrian de Borsseland, a kinsman of M. de Bevie, recommended by Schetz, who desires to enter the Duke's service. Has conveyed the Duke's thanks to the Company of Merchants Adven- turers, who offer their services. — Antwerp, 12 April 1553. 3 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 217-221. In extenso.] 118 439. Suits to the King, 1553, April 15. — Endorsed: " Mernoryall of sûtes to the King's Majesty : Answered, 15 Apr. 1553, at Greenwich." Among these are : — The suits of Lord Talbot and Lord Thomas Grey, noted "granted " ; Sir Eobert Chester's suit ; Thomas Foster's pardon ; the request of Alice Dinham, widow, for the manor of West Witting- ham, co. Berks; the parsonage of Hillington, co. .Middlesex, for Sir Edw. Hastings ; the petition of the Vice Chamberlain for Dengiehall, Essex ; remission for Lord Delawarr ; for the Bishop of York ; for licence to the Bp. of Worcester to augment three poor vicarages ; and the suit of Thomas Wyndham for the Manor of Preston, co Somerset. Noted by Cecil. \\ pp. [Haynes, p. 146. In extenso. ~\ 440. Dr. Wotton and Sir T. Challoner to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, April 15. — Notwithstanding the bruit they heard at Calais of an army under the Prince of Piedmont, and other great lords of the Low Countries, who did intend to besiege Hesdin ; here at Monstrueil, they understand of M. de Villebon, that the imperial army yesterday approached Therouenne. This enterprise of the imperials cometh sud- denly, inasmuch as M. de Loches, Captain of Therouenne, is absent from his charge. The garrisons both of Boulogne and this town seem but small. M. de Villebon told them that the French King had dispersed his old bands and gendarmerie, but they were to re-assemble by the 20th instant. They understand they shall find the King at St. Germain, where he will remain until the deliverance of the Queen, now great with child. — Monstreuil, 15 April 1553. Endorsed : — " Hast, hast, post hast. Cito. Cito. Cito. " Pur les affairez du Roy de Inghelterre." 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 147. In extenso.'] 441. Francis Yaxlee to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. 1553, April 20. — Had had no occasion of writing, nor yet had any, having arrived in Paris two days before, and that day thought to depart thence, and wait upon Sir Thos. Challoner at Poissy, where he thought Mr. Wotton and Mr. Pickering would be ; yet he had thought it his duty to advertise Cecil of his arrival at Paris. His great in- debtedness for Cecil's " godly counsels and fatherly admonitions." Wishes to know if Cecil desires either ''books, maps, or any other thing in these parts." — Paris, 20 April 1553. [Postscript.] "I cannot pretermit to shew unto your mastership how going to Chelsea with Sir Thomas Challoner, my Lord's grace of Northumberland used me very gently, and did give unto me ten crowns, willing me to assure myself of his grace's favour, and further required to hear from me out of* France, so as I stand in doubt whether I may be so bold as to trouble his grace with my rude letters without your mastership's advice." I p. 442. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, April 22. — Has received Cecil's letter and the rose, which he has tied to a lace, and carries about his neck, in token of his office. Tenders his most humble thanks for it, to the King and Council. — Brussels, 22 April 1553. ^ p. [Haynes, p. 148. In extenso.] 119 443. John Burton to [Sir Wm. Cecil], 1553, April 25. — Informs Cecil that the warrants delivered to him at London, in February last, for the making of the fines toward the main- tenance of the great rivers and drains, especially of Weyiand, as well for Kesteven as Holland, by Mr. Ogle's means, were subscribed by Sir Edward Dymok, Sir Francis Astne, and Mr. Welby, in addition to Cecil himself ; and so sent to Sir John Harrington, who, intending the furtherance thereof, procured a sessions therein, for the same to be had by precept, assigned by Sir John, Mr. Ogle, and Mr. Welby. The knights of Lindsey, who might have assigned the day at the Lent assizes, would not, referring it over. Deferred from time to time, it was assigned at Spalding the 20th of April last. There repaired Sir John Harrington, Mr. Ogle, and Mr. Welby, having with them the controllers of both countries, the bailiff of Deeping, and other the surveyors on both sides, " and so lovingly and neighbourly conferred for all devices, as T never saw the like." Whereupon Sterffenra was broached, and ran fairly toward the outfall and into Weyiand. Devices were since had for the continuance thereof, according to the order of Cecil and other Com- missioners. The enormous foundation of old Halmeend thought good to be held shut, but the fen water will issue. " Well considered that the weir dyke is well made on Deeping side, most devised by my master your father, whose soul God pardon, whose example by Boston dyke our countrymen will neighbourly be content to practise." Because tlie bridge of " Langall-drole " is now to be set with the same setting on- ward, they are determined in Pinchbeck to dyke the river from " Dowff- hurn " to the sea, and further upward, as the time and weather will give them leave. But for the fines, as the matter rests upon assurance to the owners, and as the Commissioners are so far from one another, asks Cecil to write soon, as he had before done to them, to hold a sessions for that and the subscribing of the whole decrees, whereof he wishes he were able to write Cecil one book, and another, to be by them subscribed, and to remain in the country, which lie was of late purposed to perform. Thinks the year will pass away at the present, as the last, and others have done, in this and such-like affairs, for the common weal of the country. Trusts for his attention to Cecil's directions, that he will hear from him. Asks Cecil to procure such money, to remain in the hands of the king's bailiffs and officers, as may serve the same, other drains and conveyances, and especially 40/. to be bestowed by his high- ness in Weyiand drain, where most need shall be. Mr. Ogle will procure Mr. Thorrold's hand to the said warrant, and then they will be bold to put the money to collection, in good hope of a sessions, for full order in the premisses, specially for the decree of their assurances, on whose marshes the facts are first to be done. The banks of the country lately viewed have not been thought well, and so he must needs say, but the water not so held in the banks in his remembrance, and now willingly consented to have them ordered equivalent, as on Deeping side. Trusts that all men of leisure will yield themselves to the com- mon weal of the country. Kefers to Cecil's request made for the drain- ing of the country. — Pinchbeck, 25 April 1553. 2 pp. 444. John Fenton and others to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1553], April 28 — Thank Cecil for his goodness shown to them. Where, by the common consent of the parishioners of Stamford, such plate and jewels, as were in the churches there, were sold toward the 120 purchase of divers decayed houses and tenements in Stamford, that late were of divers guilds there, which plate and jewels, together with great sums of money, by the inhabitants of the said town were laid forth and disbursed to the intent that the issues and profits thereof should be employed to " the exhibition and finding of an honest learned man continually to teach Grammar" within the said town of Stamford ; and forasmuch as such lands and tenements, as late were Master William RadclifFe's, deceased, in Stamford, by Cecil's furtherance and help, by Act of Parliament, were given and established for like intent and pur- pose, be not at this present of the clear yearly value of 6/., besides charges, " not able to find an honest learned man," unless the other Guild land now purchased may be applied and occupied for the same intent ; and now they are informed that the plate and jewels above- mentioned are now called for, to be answered to the King's Majesty ; if this should so chance, then, of necessity, the said Guild lands pur- chased must needs be sold again, to their great hindrance and loss: " and then this godly intent begun should take none effect, and that were great pity. In consideration whereof our most humble suit is unto you that, for the love of God and in the way of charity, it may please you to make suit to the King's Majesty for us, that, by your means, this godly Act begun may have a perpetual continuance." The obligations they would be under to Cecil. Beg him to give credit to the bearer. — Stamford, 28 April. — {Signed) "John Fenton, Alderman of Stamford, and his bredern comburges of the same Town." Endorsed by Cecil : " 1553." \\pp. 445. Memorial. 1553, April 29. — Memoranda in Secretary Petre's handwriting: — " The bills of Worcester and Rochester. The letters of Pole. The writings touching the merchants' complaints. The letters of the Commissioners at Carlisle. The letters of Thomas Gresham — his instructions and Mr. Audley's. The Danish matters — Ranger. The answer of the ' steedes ' Ambassadors." Endorsed : — " Memorial of matters to be considered in Council. 29 April 1553." 446. Sir W. Petre to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, April 30. — Our ambassadors are now referred to the Regent, because the Emperor is not yet strong enough to give any open audience. Hears that two Cardinals are coming to treat of this peace, and that there shall be a meeting of Princes in Germany, for com- pounding the differences between Marquis Albert and the Bishops. They say that the D. of Brunswick, General for the Bishops, has repulsed Marquis Albert's men. — Greenwich, 30 April 1553. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 148. In extenso.~\ 447. Sir Philip Hoby. 1553, April. — Draft letter to the Emperor [Charles V.] notifying the recall of Sir Richard Morysine, and the appointment of Sir Philip Hoby as ambassador resident at his Court. — Westminster, April, 1553. 121 448. Sir W. Petre to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, May 7. — Desires to hear of Cecil's good health and recovery. The King is very well amended, and that so apparently, as, continuing to keep himself close a few days longer, his Majesty shall be able to take the air in better case than he hath been a good while. — Greenwich, 7 May 1553. § p. [Haynes, p. 149. In extenso.] 449. Sut W. Petre to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, May 12. — The D. of Northumberland had informed him that the King was desirous to understand, whether Cecil's health would permit him to be at the Court at Whitsuntide, when the ceremony of the feast for the Order shall be kept. Sends for sealing, letters signed by the King.— Greenwich, 12 May 1553. § p. [Haynes, p. 149. In extenso.'] 450. Sir W. Petre to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, May 15.- — Has delivered Cecil's letter to the D.of Northumber- land ; the fashion of Cecil's robes, &c, will be settled when Garter comes to Court. The day may be deferred, as they think it not ex- pedient, that the King should yet remain so long abroad as the ceremony requireth. The ambassadors have not yet spoken with the Emperor ; in France they had access long ago, many fair words, and certain small requests, the realms of Naples, Sicily, Aragon, the country of Tour- nay, &c. Things go slowly forward, whether on account of the Emperor's weakness, or that they will not hear of peace, he knows not. — Greenwich, 15 May 1553. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 150. In extenso.] 451. Sir Thomas Challoner to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. 1553, May 16. — " The occasion of the sending of this our despatch was so sudden, as, after the letter written, we forthwith sent away this bearer. " I marvel not a little at this sending of de l'Aubespine, we never having been made privy to the same. And specially that they should tell us of his readiness to depart in the afternoon, when he was' already departed in the morning. " 1 cannot tell, nor am not yet well acquainted with, the usances of this Court, but by report of others my predecessors. I am not yet in room to have recourse unto me of such as know the estate of things here ; which after Mr. Pickering's departure hence, I shall have more occasion to confer withal, and then will travail to attain to the perfect understanding of things which as yet I have none entry unto. This bearer is a servant of mine own. I do most heartily pray you to be good unto him for his speedy return, for I cannot spare him any time. Thus," &c— Poissy, 16 May 1553. 452. Francis Yaxlee to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. 1553, May 16. — Has thought it his part to signify unto Cecil that the agreement of the peace to be made at Sienna is like to take small success, for as he was informed by sundry Sieunese, his friends, that evening, a certain very strong castle of theirs called Mont' Alcino was 122 then besieged, and the Imperialists minded to give the assault, so as the same was in great peril. There was no peace hoped upon between the Emperor and the French King for that year; the talk was, that, if any peace were made, the same would proceed by the motion of the Pope, the proof whereof would shortly be known then, as was judged, upon the arrival of the Cardinal of St. George, called Capo di Ferro, from the Bishop of Rome. The bearer, steward of Sir T. Challoner's house- hold, ready to take horse. Dr. Wotton's commendations. — Poissy, 16 May 1553. I p. +53. John Johnson to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, May 20. — In answer to the request through Sir Andrew Judd, states that he cannot at present pay what he owed Cecil's father for his wools, but hopes to do so. — London, 20 May 1553. I p. 454. James Morice to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, May 26.— Is very glad of Cecil's recovery. The bearer, his son Philip, has been with him for books and precedents of Deeping, and thinks that such as Cecil has already are not the same as may show him pleasure. Has a great sort of precedents and books, touching the King's Majesty's lands and others, worth looking at. By reason of his age he is not able to search them. Will deliver themto anyone on the King's warrant. Expresses thanks for Cecil's " great gentleness " to him and his, especially to his son, the bearer. Would do any service in his power to Cecil or any of his friends. — Roydon, 26 May. [The year is taken from the contemporary endorsement.'] i P . 455. John Johnson to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, May 27. — States that the " Trinity," a London vessel, is bring- ing him five tuns of Seville oil. Desires Cecil to enter an attachment against the same, before the ship's arrival, in satisfaction of the writer's debt to Cecil's father for wool. Thanks Cecil for his goodness. Is willing to be occupied in any work he can do. — London, 27 May 1553. I p. 456. Sir Conrad Penny to Edward VI. 1553, June 6. — Thinks it his duty to acquaint the King with the affairs of Germany, but hitherto has had nothing of sufficient importance to communicate. Now, however, when a fitting opportunity has offered itself, he could not but write. Philip the Great, son of Henry Duke of Brunswick, has collected in those parts a large body of horse and foot. He enters many cities and towns, and by his warlike tumult drives not a small number of good men to poverty and want. He has, besides, recovered and holds most of the strongholds and castles taken by Count Wolrad de Mansfeldt, and has imposed a heavy fine on the bishopric of Munster and Osnaburg, under threat of devastating it by fire, and has also forcibly gained possession of the diocese of Minden. The said Philip the Great has, moreover, concluded a treaty with the Bishops of Bamberg and Wurtzburg, who are the chief enemies of Albert, Marquis of Nuremberg. In opposition to the aforesaid Duke Philip, a consi- dfefable number of horse and foot are gathering in that part of Germany, and- daily, almost every hour, the army is seen to be largely increased. 123 The whole of it is being raised in the name of the Marquis Albert of Nuremberg, the head of whose army is Christopher, Count of Aldenberg, with De Warburg second in command, and Walderdon. The force, however, is not being collected very hastily, yet horse and foot flock to it every day. The writer is summoned to join, but something of great importance is intended, which as yet is concealed. Nevertheless, he hopes shortly to know, and then he will not fail to signify the same to the King. What will come of this warlike commotion will be seen in due course. Prays for the continuation of the King's favour, and offers his services. Offers to enter the service of the King are constantly made to the writer by nobles, knights, captains, &c. — Hamburg, 6 June, 1553. Latin. A\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 221-224. In extenso.'] 457. Savoy Hospital. 1553, June 10. — Copy of the surrender by Kadulphus Jackson of the Savoy Hospital to Edward VI. hp- 458. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, June 20. — Clad to hear of Cecil's recovery. State of his own health. Has been recommended to go to some baths, distant two days' journey from Brussels. Requests leave to do so. — Brussels, 20 June 1553. [Postscript.] Declining health and credit of the Emperor. 2 pp. [Haynes, pp. 151, 152. In extenso.] 459. Dr. N. Wotton to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, June 21. — Regrets to hear of Cecil's illness. Bids him moderate his labour, his complexion not being strong enough to continue as he began. A good part of the labour which was wont to lie on the Clerk of the Council's hands is now turned to Cecil. Mentions books, which he offers to bring home for him. — Poissy, 21 June 1553. \ p. [Haynes, p. 152. In extenso.] 460. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, June 25. — As many variable bruits run there about King Edward, would like to be informed of his Majesty's exact state, as also of such proceedings as the Council have determined, or shall determine, thereon. Thus he will be able to answer such bruits as do, and will, arise. Prays Cod that England's wickedness may not be the cause of His taking away the King. — Brussels, 25 J une, 1 553. [Postscript.] The night before there came to them one Evered, the King's jeweller, dwelling at Westminster ; he had come from Antwerp, and showed them that, in that place, it was reported for truth, and wagers were laid, not only that Edward VI. was dead, but also that Mary had succeeded : likewise, that the Emperor was sending with all speed the three personages who were on their way to England, that they might be as Councillors to Mary. Sir Philip's estimate of them. England would go to utter ruin if ruled by such men. 2% pp. [Haynes, pp. 152-154. In extenso.] Modern copy of the preceding. 2ipp. 124 461. James Haddon to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1553, June 26.] — Had perceived by Mr. Petre's early reply his and Cecil's goodwill towards him. Requires advice as to the entry of his first fruits, whether he should follow the ordinary way and appoint sureties. Asks that the first day of payment may be delayed as long as possible. If it be thought good, as they (Cecil and Petre) have already determined, and that there be some such way of entrance of first fruits as he knows not, then, when he has certain word that the matter is settled, the writer asks, whether he may (as thoroughly possessed), appoint one to execute the office in his jurisdiction, as he hears by Mr. Weston and others it is very needful. — Suffolk Place, 26 June 1553. Hpp- \In the First Fruits Index of Persons compounding, James Haddon compounds for the Deanery of Exeter, 30 June, 7 Edw. VI.'] 462. Dr. N. Wotton to Sir Wm. Petre and Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, June 27. — His last warrant of two month's diet he has received already, and as he sees no certainty of his short revocation, has written to the Council to have the warrant amended. Has also referred to the expense of his journey to the Emperor and the present one, requiring them to take some respect thereunto, and if nothing better can be obtained, he would be glad if the King would give him the silver vessels, which by the late King's commandment, Dr. Tunstall, late Bishop of Durham, delivered to his custody, when Tunstall and he waited upon the D. of Northumberland to the French Court. The parcels of silver are : — three [p]l[at]ers, eightee[n di]shes, [eig]hteen trenchers, and six saucers of silver ung[ilt], weighing about 669 ounces. Requests Cecil not to forward his enclosed letter to the Council unless he approves of the requests. — Poissy, 27 June 1553. I p. Copy of preceding. MARY. 463. John Burton to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, July 9. — Asks to have the direction of the new Commission of Sewers, and Sessions thereon, " for confirmation of your late travail for Weyland." Cecil's last warrant was sent to Mr. Thorrold, and not yet returned, which should be for the levy of the money towards the costs of the fens ; and in that part lacketh only a Sessions, for order of Sir John Harrington's recompense, and of others upon whose grounds the fens should be out. Says, that Burn Ee from Dowffhurn to the outfall is in good order. The beche or river called Chelebeche and now Poynton Lode, and Rysgate Ee, are diked within the value of two weeks' work. So that Burn Ee and the north part of the same, so far as the content of Cecil's last Commission, are in good case. And now Weyland — for the chief drain of the fens on the South of Burn Ee, and of all that part of Kesteven and Holland, unless Cecil affords his assistance — shall rather surround the same fens and parts, than give any ready conveyance or drain to the same. Submits the premises for Cecil's discreet provision. —Spalding, 9 July 1553. Holograph. 1 p. 125 464. John Hooper, Bishop of Worcester and Gloucester, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, July 10. — When he returned home on the 3rd of July, weary from his journey through the whole diocese of Gloucester, was rejoiced to l'eceive a letter from Cecil, announcing his recovery from a severe illness. Had received Drew with Christian affection. To day he pro- ceeds on a new visitation, that the affairs of the Church, if God should will it, may be amended — Worcester, 10 July. Endorsed .-— " 3 Junii 1553." Latin. Holograph, § p. Modern copy of preceding. 465. Death of Edward VI. [1553, July.] — Rough draft of letters of the Council to the English ambassadors with the Emperor and the King of France to announce the death of Edward VI., on the 6th of the month, from disease of the lungs. The ambassador at the French court is further directed to thank the King for his friendship shown by his letters touching the detection of certain practices of the Emperor intended with the Lady Mary. 2\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 225-227. In extenso.'] 466. The Rebellion in the North. [1553, August.] — A list of names, being " Prisoners in the Rebellion of the North, primo Mariae," commencing with the Duke of Northum- berland and endiug with Dr. Cocks. The method of proceeding against the said prisoners ; the persons appointed to examine the prisoners ; the persons to take order for the arraignment, and for the ordering of all the matters ; and the persons appointed for the examination of the other offenders, and to assess their fines. 1\pp. [Haynes, p. 192. In extenso.] Annexed, A list of 35 Peers, commencing with the Marquis of Winchester, Lord Treasurer, and ending with Lord Darcy. I p. 467. The Lords of the Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1553, Sept. 21. — Notifying the Queen's pleasure that he should imme- diately send to her Highness the seals belonging to the Order of the Garter, together with the old register. St. James', 21 September 1553. Endorsed by Cecil : — " Counselles letter for y e ord r ." \p. [Haynes, p. 201. In extenso.] 468. Sir Edward Dtmoke to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1553], Sept. 28 Had the Queen's warrant unto Sir Richard South- well for his " complete harness to serve at the coronation," with other " parcels," as appears by a letter to Lenthall from Southwell. Because no such things are to be had in the armoury, and Lenthall, for his dis- charge of the delivery of those parcels, would have Cecil's commandment for his discharge, the writer desires Cecil, as the time of the service is at hand [Mary was crowned on 1 Oct. 1553], to command that he may 126 have such things as are contained in Southwell's letter, which he sends. If the letter be not sufficient discharge for Cecil, the writer will be bound to deliver the " stuff" to him again after the service has been done, un- less he can see Cecil discharged as he himself will devise. — " Michaelmas even." i p. 469. Christopher Heron. [155.3], Nov. 11. — Petition of Christopher Heron to the Bishop of Winchester, Lord Chancellor, desiring a letter to Sir William Cecil, for the consideration of his complaint as to his lease and grant. Endorsed : — " Saturday, 1 1th Nov. — Granted." 470. Sir Edward Dymoke to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1553], Nov. 23. — Since he last spake to Cecil for allowance of such things as he should have had against the coronation, he has never heard from him, nor will Lenthall deliver him any such " parcels " without Cecil's commandment. As to Cecil requiring a warrant from the Queen, the truth was, that at the coronation of Edward VI. the writer had all such parcels delivered him by Cecil's father, without warrant, and at this coronation he had no warrant for anything, except for his " harness." He had his cup of gold, his horse, and all his trappings and crimson satin without warrant, nor was any required from him, " inasmuch as it doth appear by old precedents of my claim that I ought to have it, and I do intend to have my claim exemplified under seal." Prays Cecil not to be i ' more stray tor " with him than his father and others have been. It was the Queen's pleasure that he should have all things per- taining to the office, and so she willed him to declare to the Lord Treasurer. Rather than be driven to sue out a warrant for so small a thing, he would lose it. Has sent Cecil Lenthall's bill, which he has paid. Prays he may have either such-like things delivered to him, or their money's worth. He ought to have all contained in the bill, except the two partizans. Prays Cecil to be as favourable as possible, and to weigh the case as his own. Will not fail to requite Cecil's friendship, if he lives. " I do not pass so much of the value of the allowance as I do for the precedent to hinder them that shall come of me, if I do lose it at this time."— 23 Nov. [ The " stuff " in Philip Lenthall 9 s bill consists of a shroud, a girdle, and a scabbard, of velvet, " two gilt partizans," " a pole-aœe," "a chasing staff" and a gilt pair of spurs; amount, ijl. 2s. 8d.~] 2\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 229-231 (ed. 1838). In extenso.] 471. The Council in the Marches of Wales. 1553, [Nov.]. — Instructions for the Council in the Marches of Wales, in the first year of Queen Mary's reign, addressed to Nicholas, Bishop of Worcester, President of the Council of Wales ; William, Earl of Worcester; Walter, Viscount Hereford ; Robert, Bishop of St. Asaph ; Sir Thomas Bromley, Knt., Chief Justice of England; Sir Richard Morgan, Knt., Chief Justice of the Common Pleas ; Sir David Brooke, Knt., Chief Baron of the Exchequer ; Sir Robert Townshend, Knt., Justicier of Chester ; Sir Rice Maunxell and others, her Highness' Com- 127 missioners now appointed by Commission within the Principality of Wales and Marches of the same. Endorsed: — "Primo Marias — receaved of M r William, my Lord Treasurer's man, the xxiiij th of November." 12^ pp. [ Hay n es, pp. 193-201. In extenso.'] 472. Lord Edward Clinton, Lord High Admiral, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1553, Dec. 13. — Has received Cecil's letter and thanks him for the goodwill in the farm he required of him. Will willingly give Cecil's price for the same. Still, if he could have him for his neighbour in that county, would be content to forbear that and a good piece of his own. Asks him to travail with Markham for his part, and will perform" any arrangement made by Cecil. — London, 13 December 1553. Signed. Addressed to Wimbledon. hp. Copy of preceding. 473. Sir Wm. Cecil's Servants. 1553. — List of Cecil's servants to whom liveries were given ; twelve of them receive liveries of the best cloth, with badges ; eleven receive 1^ yards of best cloth each, with cognisances of the second sort ; and nine receive coals of the second cloth. " Item, a coote clothe remaineth with my Lady to bestow at yo r pleasure." 2 pp. Notes in Cecil's handwriting as to the distribution of the above liveries, with calculations of the prices of the materials. Also — in another hand — stock of materials in the bakehouse, pantry, brew-house, kitchen, &c, valued at 23/. 19*. 6d. Endorsed by Cecil ; — " Servants and their lyueryes. 1 553." 2 pp. 474. Thos. Paynell. 1553. — Commonplace-book, various, by Thomas Paynell. 244 pp. 475. Westminster Palace. [1553].— Account of Sir Andrew Dudley, knight, and Arthur Sturton esquire, deceased, keepers of the Palace at Westminster. [This account is divided under five heads : — ] 1. Stuff wanting at a Remayne [account of all stuff remaining un- spent] taken at the Palace at Westminster by virtue of a Commission directed to the Lord Hastings of Loughborough, then Lord Chamberlain, Sir Henry Jerningham, Sir Edward Waldgrave, and Sir Walter Mildmay, knights, James Bassett, and Richard Weston, esquires, late in the custody and charge of Sir A.. Dudley and A. Sturton. [Among the items under this head are the following : — ] " One celler tester [canopy for the fixed top and head parts of a bed- stead] and iij single vallances of carnation velvet all over, embroidered with cloth of silver." " One bedstead of walnut tree, having celler tester and three single vallances of crimson cloth of gold, with works, and blue velvet 128 cloudwise, paned [striped] with purple velvet; one bed undone bolster of tick filled with feathers ; three quilts filled with wool ; one pillow of fustian filled with down ; and one counterpane of crimson Turkey silk." " One walking-staff having a cross upon the upper end of black horn." " One set of chessmen, the one side black wood, the other side white bone." " Four topnets of feathers for horses." " Two horse-tops of red and yellow feathers." " One top for a head piece of red and yellow feathers." "One clock like a heart [or hart] set in copper." u One basin of white work." " Seven layers of glass." c< One layer of jasper colour." " A glass quarter full of civet." " Nine looking-glasses of sundry colours sorts." [sic]. il A little coffer of Danskwork " [Danish work]. " One Sieve coffer covered with red fustian of Naples." " One small box furnished with toothpicks." " One case of crimson velvet for a hat." " Two screens of purple taffeta." " Fifteen fire-forks [shovels] of iron." " Five pipes of Venice gold and rolls of passamayne of Venice gold." " One tassel of Venice gold belonging to a pair of beads." " One cabinet covered with leather of Paris work." " Certain pieces of perfume cakes to burn." " A good quantity of Storaxe Calamytye." " One Venice lute." "One cradlecloth of crimson velvet, the ground satin." " Md. that sundry of the parcels afore written remain in the house at Westminster in sundry store-houses and garrets, old and broken, (that is to say) Tables with pictures, maps, looking- glasses, standards, chests, coffers, cases, candlesticks, lanterns, tables, trestles, cupboards, forms, stools, and irons [ornamental irons on each side of a hearth] skins and such like." (2.) Stuff' delivered to the Lady Jane, usurper, at the Tower, by commandment only, over and above sundry things delivered by two several warrants. [Among the items under this head are the following : — ] " One muflier of purple velvet, embroidered with pearls, of damask gold, garnished with small stones of sundry sorts, and lined with white satin." " One muffler of purple velvet, embroidered with purples of damask gold, garnished with small pearls and small stones of sundry sorts, and furred with sables." "One sable skin, with a head of gold, muffled, garnished and set with four emeralds, four turquoises, six rubies, two diamonds, and five pearls ; four feet of gold, each set with a turquoise ; the tongue being a ruby." " One case of black leather, containing a muffler of black velvet, striped with small chains of gold, garnished with small pearls, small rubies, and small diamonds, lacking pearls in divers places, and one small ruby, and one small diamond, the same muflier 129 being furred with sables, and having thereat a chain of gold enamelled green, garnished with certain pearls." " One hat of purple velvet, embroidered with pearls of damask gold, garnished with small pearls, and small stones of sundry sorts, and fringed with gold." " A cap of black velvet, with a white plume, laced with aglets [tags] enamelled, with a brooch of gold." " A cap of black velvet, having a fair brooch with a little square table ruby, and divers pictures enamelled with red, black, and green, with xviij buttons, with small rock rubies, and xviij buttons also of gold with three small pearls the piece." " A brooch of gold, with a face and a helmet upon his head, and a white ostrich feather." " Three garters, having buckles and pendants of gold." "A shirt, the collar and ruffles of gold." " Three shirts ; the one of red work ; the other of gold and black ; the third of gold, silver, and red silk." " A purse of sable skin perfumed." K A sword girdle of red silk and gold." " Two little images of box, graven, representing the king's majesty, and the late king Henry his father." " A sword and a dagger gilt, with a girdle to the same." "Two dog collars, wrought with needlework, the iron gilt." " One Turkey bow, and a quiver of Turkey arrows, the quiver of crimson velvet, embroidered with leather, and a cover for the same of red cloth." " One fair striking clock standing upon a mine of silver : the clock being garnished with silver and gilt, having in the top a crystal, and also garnished w ith divers counterfeit stones and pearls, the garnishment of the same being broken, and lacking in sundry places." " One alarum of silver enamelled, standing upon four balls." " One round striking dial, set in crystal, garnished with metal gilt." " One round hanging dial, with an alarum closed in crystal." " One pillar, with a man having a device of astronomy in his hand, and a sphere in the top, all being of metal gilt." " One alarum of copper garnished with silver, enamelled with divers colours, having in the top a box of silver, standing upon a green molehill, and under the molehill a flower of silver, the same alarum standing upon three pomegranates of silver. " One little striking clock within a case of fatten, book fashion, en- graven with a rose crowned, and Dieu et Mon droit." " One sable skin with a head of gold, containing in it a clock, with a collar of gold, enamelled black, set with four diamonds, and four rubies, and two pearls hanging at the ears, and two rubies in the ears, the same skin also having feet of gold, the claws thereof being sapphires, two of them being broken, and with a diamond^ipon the clock." " A coronet for a duke, set with five roses of diamonds, six small pointed diamonds, one table emerald, six great ballasses [kind of rubies], seven blue sapphires, and thirty-eight great pearls, with a cap of crimson velvet, and a roll of powdered army on s [ermines] about the same." 84066. T 130 (3.) Stuff delivered by Arthur Sturton, deceased, without warrant, as well to sundry persons, who have subscribed his book for the same, as also delivered by his own book, without testimony. [Against each item is a marginal note, stating to whom the article or articles were lent, and sometimes adding further information. Among the items under this head are the following, the marginal notes being put in italics :■■ — ] "One piece of black silver tinsel — 7 yards.''' (Given to Mary Jerningham toicards her marriage by the hand of the Lady Jerningham, xxvij Januarii Anno V t0 . R. Marie, §c.) " One pair of playing tables of wood " (lent to the Lord Chancellor, Bishop of Winchester, in the time of his sickness at the Court, and so lost at his death). " The phismanye [physiognomy] of King Henry the eight painted in a table, like an antique " (broken because it was the destruction of the Bishop of Rome). " One kirtlc of white velvet ; one kirtle of crimson taffeta ; one kirtle of purple damask.' 1 (Delivered to Mrs. Clarencius.) " Two sheets of two breadths." (Delivered to Mrs. Clarencius for poor folks at the Savoy.) " Eight table napkins of diaper and damask-work " (lost by the Duke of Northumberland). " Two large squirts of copper " (delivered to Sir Henry Sidney at Greenwich, to be occupied in the King's lodgings toward the icaterside) . " One whole piece of carnation velvet — 15| yards." (Delivered to Mrs. Sturley, to the Queen's use, per billam suam vf" Mail A . primo R. Marie, fyc.) " One whole piece of purple velvet containing 23| yards." (Delivered to Edward Jones, at sundry times, to the Queen's use, by book subscribed with his hand.) " One Paper of the Passion painted." (Delivered to Mrs. Clarencius.) "Thirty-eight sable skins." (Delivered to Thomas Percy, to the Queen's use, at sundry times, by book subscribed, §-c.) " Seventy-nine tables, with pictures, some of pearl, some embroidered, and some painted ; six stained cloths ; eight pictures of earth ; twelve maps or descriptions of cities, towns, and countries." (There is a general warrant to discharge these parcels, dated iiij t0 Martii Anno iij tio R. Marie, tyc.) "A ring of gold, having the king's majesty's arms in a stone for a signet." (Delivered to the Earl of Arundel, then Lord Cham- berlain, for the king's majesty.) " One casting bottle [bottle for casting or sprinkling perfumes] of gold." (Delivered to the king for his bedchamber.) " One round coin of gold representing the image of the late king Henry the eight." (Delivered tu Mrs. Rogers for the king's majesty.) " Two Guernsey white petticoats." (The one given to the Earl of Arundel, the other to Mr. Rogers, by the king.) " One Song Book; one trunk to shut in, covered with leather." (De- livered to the King.) " Two pair of perfumed gloves, plain ; one pair of friezed velvet gloves, embroidered with purls [borders] of gold, and lined with crimson velvet." (Given array by the said L,ord Chamberlain.) m 6i Qne qpverpane [counterpane] of ostrich feathers." (Delivered to the Duchess of Northumberland, mensis Mail A vij° RR. Ed. vj#) "Two little babies [dolls] in a box of wood, one of them having a gown of crimson satin, and the other a gown of white velvet. {Taken away by Sir Henry Jerningham.) " One bag or green velvet with chessmen and table men." (Delivered to the Court at St. dames, and there lost in Queen Mary's time.) (4.) Stuff remaining in the custody of George Brydeman, uncharged, viewed by the Lord Chamberlain, and laid apart, to be shown to the Queen her majesty. [Among the items under this head are the following : — ] " One French hood." " One sleeve furred with poles and shanks of sables." " Two neckerchiefs of cipers, [cipress, a fine kind of gauze,] with six clasps of gold." " Eight collars of crypens, [crépine, or golden net-caul,] wrought with gold." " A picture of the Lady of Suffolk in a yellow box ; another picture of Andrew Dorye in another box ; and a picture of Queen Katherine, that last died, in a box. All which parcels aforesaid are within a coffer of murrey [dark red] velvet, plated with copper." "One pair of gloves embroidered with friars' knots and Venice gold." " One other pair of gloves with Stafford knots and antique flowers of Venice gold." " Three pair of gloves knit of white silk and gold, lacking the tops of the fingers." " Two pair of Spanish gloves." " A picture of Princess Dowager." " A little book with the Lord's prayers, and the lord of Somerset's arms." " The picture of king Edward in a little box." " A little parchment book with prayers." " Four hour-glasses set in ebony, in a box of printed leather." " A quill for a pen, garnished with gold and silver." " A cushion-cloth, wrought with silk and gold, having a beast in the midst, like a lion." " Cv. books of sundry kinds, diversely covered, and part of them garnished with silver." " Certain writings, late the Duke of Somerset's." (5.) Sundry kinds of jewels, plate, and other stuff of the king's majesty's borrowed by Sir Andrew Dudley, knight, parcel of his own charge at the king his majesty's Palace at West- minster, for the furniture of his pretended marriage to the Lady Clifford, Anno R. R. Ed. vj 4i vij mo . [Among the items under this head are the following:—] " One fair tablet of gold, to open in the back, made like a castle, garnished with xxvij diamonds, eight rubies, and four sapphires, cut lozenze-wise, with a picture of a woman and an agate [small figure cut in agate] holding a small diamond in her hand, like a glass." 132 "A flower of gold, with a rose of diamonds in the midst, and eight small table diamonds on the borders, and three pearls pendant." " Two crypen parteletts [partlets, or ruffs] of cipress wrought with gold." " A fair ring of gold, with a blue sapphire, enamelled black and white." " A brush of hair, witii a handle of purple velvet, garnished with passamen lace of silver and gold." " Sleeves of cambric and calico cloth for plucking out of French sleeves as following, viz., two pair wrought with black silk, three pair wrought with blue silk, and two pair wrought with red silk." " Three linings for partlets of nettlecioth, wrought with red silk." " A pair of shears of iron for a woman, parcel gilt." " A table of Diana and nymphs bathing themselves, and how Actaeon was turned into a hart." " Two targets of steel lined with velvet." "One cassock of black velvet all over embroidered with Venice gold.'* " An ewer of antique work of silver and gilt, garnished with pearls, jacinths, amethysts, and other stones of small value — 22 J oz." " Three bowls with a cover of silver and gilt poz. [i.e. weighing] 97^ oz." " Three spoons of gold taken out of the green coffer in the silk house." " One Allmayn cup with a cover thin beaten of silver and gilt, in a case." "Six launsedegayes with brassell staves, trimmed with green velvet, and fringe of green silk, save one is with blue silk and velvet." " One case of knives, of black leather printed with gold, furnished with knives tipped with metal gilt." " Three combs, a glass, an ear-pick, and a bodkin, all of white bone, garnished with damascene work." " Fifty-one ostrich feathers." " A Flanders chest." u Six learns [collars for hounds] and collars of red velvet." 29J pp. 476. The Merchant Adventurers. [1553]. — Petition to Thomas Goodrich, Bishop of Ely and Lord Chancellor, from the " New Haunce " of the Merchant Adventurers, for redress of their grievances against those of the "Old Haunce." — Undated. A Roll, \Ofeet long. 477, Royal Castles and Parks. [1553]. — Survey of royal castles and parks, with names of their constables or keepers, and their fees. — Undated. 56 pp. 478. Bishop Ridley to Edward VI. [1553]. — Canones de raodo coneionandi [by Nic. Ridley]. Signed ; — "Your Highnes Chaplain Nic: London." 3 pp. 133 479. John Mardeley. [1553] — " Short recitall of certayne holy doctors w ch proveth that the naturall body of Christe ys not contayned in the Sacrament of the lordes supper, but figuratively. Collected in myter by J. M[ardeley]." — Undated. Begins : — " We marvell muche Yo r mynde ys suche." Ends : — " And the papystycale levene To be beloved ys most worthye." 480. Articles of the Church of England. [1553]. — The Articles of the Church of England, as put out by Edward VI. — Undated. Signed by the King. Endorsed : — " K. Edward his confession of his religion." 14 pp. 481. Robert Ferrar, Bishop of St. David's. [1553 ?]. — Exceptions purposed by Robert [Ferrar], Bishop of St. David's, against his accusers, Hugh Rawlins and Thomas Lee. — Undated. H pp- 482. Homilies. [1553]. — Two homilies on the doctrine and government of the primi- tive church. — Undated. Latin. 134 pp. 483. Topographical. [1553]. — List of counties and chief towns in England and Wales. 6 pp. 484. Petition of the Inhabitants of Reading. [1553]. — Petition of the inhabitants of the parish of St. Lawrence, in Reading, to the Privy Council, for the appointment of an additional priest, at 10/. a year salary, to assist the Vicar of the said parish. — Undated, but temp. Edw, VI. Broadside. \ p. 485. Proposal for a Common Bank. [1553?]. — Summary of the contents of a book, in two parts, by Fitzherbert [Sir Anthony ?], proposing the plan of a common bank, the capital to be raised by the sale of the best garment — to be taken as a mortuary — of every person of property who died. Estimating the parishes in England at 15,000, and the value of the mortuaries of every parish in one year at 40s., the annual profit is calculated at 30,000/. ; this treasure to be employed to the relief of the needy or of " the 134 Prince," if he need money, at the rate of 6/. in the hundred. The second part of the book deals with a scheme for the reformation of base money, as also with the subject of the lawfulness to receive reasonable interest for the loan of money, with the authorities for the proof thereof.— Undated. Endorsed by Cecil : — " Fitzherbert." If ». 486. " The Order and State of Calais." [1553 ?]. — In the citadel lies the Governor's cousin, who is his lieu- tenant, his name his Captain Rock, and there are 150 soldiers in it. The captains in the town are — Captains St. Marten, Monteiya, and Lecost, each one with 100 men. There is one Captain Rogers, who is sergeant-major, having the charge and oversight cf the soldiers and of the locking of the gates. One Mr. Park is, as it were, gentleman^ porter, who takes the report and names of all strangers. Describes " The order of the watch," under which head the manner of posting the soldiers is given. Under the heading, " The watch in the town," it is stated that " at 10 of the clock at night they have a great bell that doth ring for the space of half a quarter of an hour, so that it is heard in all the town, so that whatsoever they be that doth come out of their house after that bell without a lantern, either townsmen or others, he is carried to ward, except he be a soldier, and make a lawful excuse. As further, because ho hath the soldiers in suspicion, whereas they had been accustomed to keep every one their search house six or eight nights together, now he will not let them know to what place they should go to, but when they be all gathered, the three sergeants come to the sergeant-major, and so there is three papers like unto 4 walentynes ' put in a cap and so they draw, and by that they know their place and not before." The citadel has two gates, one towards the town, daily guarded, and the other the Boulogne gate, which is not open but as they have occasion. In Rysbank there are three soldiers every night and as many every day. — Undated. Endorsed: — The manner of the guard of Calais. 3 pp. 487. The Duke of Medina Sidonia to the Queen. 1554, April 20. — Congratulating the Queen on her approaching marriage. Trusts there may shortly be such fruit as the world hath need of, to preserve it in peace and unity of the Catholic Church. The Earl, his brother, shall better declare his meaning, and in his name kiss Her Majesty's hands. — San Lucar, 20 April 1554. Translation, § p. 488. The Duchess of Medina Sidonia to the Queen. 1554, April 20. — Offering her congratulations on the Queen's ap- proaching marriage. The Earl of Olivares will in her name kiss Her Majesty's hands. — San Lucar, 20 April 1554. Translation from the Spanish. ^ p. [See State Papers, Foreign. 1554. No. 189.] 135 489. The Queen of Bohemia to the Queen. [1554], April 27. — Congratulates the Queen on her match with her brother. Requests to be informed by Don Pedro de Castilla wherein she may serve her. — Vienna, 27 April. Translation from the Spanish. \p. 490. The Kino of Bohemia to the Queen. [1554], [April]. — Sends Don Hernando de Gam boa to congratulate her upon her marriage with the Prince his brother. — Undated. Translation from the Spanish. J p. 491. The Kino of the Romans to the Queen. [1554], [April]. — Having understood the conclusion of the Queen's marriage with his nephew the Prince of Spain, recommends to her Don Pero Laso de Castilla, his councillor, and grand master of the house- hold to the Queen of Bohemia, his daughter, who is to be present at the marriage. — U ndated. Translation from the French . \p. 492. The Kino of the Romans to the Queen. [1554], May 23. — Recommending Count Jehan Cristofle de Tarnof, son of one of the principal personages of Polonia, who is visiting different countries. — Vienna, 23 May. Translation from the French. \p. 493. The Cardinal of Burgos to the Queen. 1554, June 22.— Sends his nephew, Don Pedro Pacheco, to kiss Her Majesty's hands on his behalf, and to offer his services unto her in the same sort that he is bent unto the service of the Emperor, and to the King and Prince his Sovereign. — Naples, 22 June 1554. Translation from the Spanish, f p. [See State Papers, Foreign. 1554. No. 228.] PHILIP and MARY. 494. Don Francisco de Este to the Queen. [ 1554].— Congratulates the Queen on her happy marriage. As he is engaged in the Emperor's service in these parts, has sent one of his gentlemen to felicitate the Queen on his behalf. — Undated. Translation from the Italian, j p. 495. The Princess of Portugal to the Queen. [1554]. — Congratulates the Queen on her marriage. Has sent Luys Vanegas to communicate her troubles, which she forbears to write at this time. — Undated. Translation from the Spanish. \ p. 136 496. The Duchess of Florence to the Queen. [1554]. — The Bishop of Cortona will congratulate the Queen on her happy marriage, on her behalf. — Undated. Translation from the Spanish. 7 lines. 497. Weights and Measures. [1554]. — Extracts from various statutes, from Magna Char ta to 1554, regulating the weights and measures of the kingdom. — Undated. Hpp- 498. Ireland, [1554?]. — Treaties on the causes of the disorder of Ireland, with the redress thereof. By an Irishman. Temp. Phil, and Mary. Ap- parently in answer to Sir Johu Allen (Lord Chancellor of Ireland). Urges that the distinctions made by law between English and Irish in Ireland should be abolished, Presidents appointed, tenures registered, &c, " and other good constitutions as set forth in the book exhibited to the Council by Mr. Ay liner." 15£ pp. 499. Court of Wards and Liveries. 1555, May 10.— Exemplification of a Decree of the Court of Wards and Liveries, of Easter Term, 1 and 2 Philip and Mary, setting out, that at the erection of the Court, Sir William Dansell, Knt., Receiver General of the said Court, had appointed to him a yearly fee of 100/., and 50/. yearly for diet, which was afterwards, owing to the increase of the revenues of the Court, increased by the sum of 43/. 6s-. 8c?. It is now ordered that this yearly allowance shall be increased, so as to make a gross sum of 210/. yearly. — Witness, Francis Englefelde, Knt., Master of the said Court, 10 May, I a nd 2 Philip and Mary. 2 pp. 500. Order of the Golden Fleece. 1555-6, Jan. 26.— "Livre de l'ordre du Thoyson d'Or." Extracts from proceedings of various chapters of the order from its institution to Jan. 26, 1556. 50 pp. 501. John Norris to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, May 15. — Desires leave to come up by the 7th of June. Details progress of the alterations in the house. — Burleigh, 15 May. Endorsed by Cecil : — u 1556." I p. 502. Sir John Abraham to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, May 15. — Informs Cecil, "that yesternight was my lady her " black mare brought from the park with ' an fare sadd bay horse foole ' " like to the Jenet but without any white, and this day was she put to " your black horse, who served her ij times, and in the morning be let " to him again, and after had to the park, and in the end of the next w week shall your other mares be put to him." Grives dimensions of the tables in the hall, and amount of coals [charcoal] made. — Burleigh, 15 May. Endorsed by Cecil : — " 1556," 137 503. Sir Thomas Benger to Sir W. Cecil. 1556, Oct. 24. — Has finished the accounts of Maxsey and Barrow- down as usual. Expresses his goodwill towards Cecil. Concerning Cecil's request, both he and Parry will earnestly move her Grace to grant it. Trusts that Cecil may also receive her Grace's thanks for his pains about Colly Weston. — Hatfield, 24 Oct., 15-56. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 202. In extenso.~\ 504. Margaret, Countess of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, Oct. 31. — She is advertised that the Bishop of Peterborough is anxious to get into his hands the lease of Iberye [Eybury, co. Northamp- ton], and trusts through my Lord Cardinal's means to have no nay thereof. The Bishop's offer is only 200/., whilst she holds it at 300/. Asks Cecil's opinion, which she will stand by. Mr. Issham shall report to him other matters of the Earl's on which advice is required. — Woburn, 31 October 1556. Signed. I p. 505. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, Nov. [29]. — Departing suddenly the writer leaves Cecil unseen not unsaluted, nor his friend the bearer unrecommended, in whose business he begs him to work as he has determined.— From Blackfriars this Sunday. Endorsed:— 28 Nov. 1556, "for Mr. Dr. Standish." Modern copy of preceding. 506. Sir Philip Hoby to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. 1556, Dec. [10]. — I received yours of the 9th. What unreasonable a request is meant by demanding 400/. It should not be more than half, whereof I take my lord's own word to witness, who promised I should pay for no woods save as surveyed by his officers, &c. Mr. Secre- tary Bourne, though therewith in hand, will surely not buy anything out of mine to the hindrance of a young man, my son-in-law, unable to overbid him. Through him whom the matter concerneth let me hear if I should come to London. Of my lady's daughter (in hope of a son here- after) I trust ye be now no sorrowful man, and the sooner to see you here. — This Thursday, Byssham. Endorsed in a contemporary hand : — " 12 Dec. 1556." I p. 507. Sir Rich. Wingfield to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, Dec. 14. — Thanks him for his offer. Cannot travel for the 10/., but will set his hand to the bill Cecil's servant brings. Is not re- covered of his rheum, — Loudon the 14 Dec, 1556. [With notes in Cecil's hand of various places, beginning " Villa Warr."] 508. Wm. Fisher to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556, Dec. 31. — Bearer brings the Michaelmas accounts with 12/. 5s. lid. in settlement thereof. As directed Rich. Mor- ley has this year's wool, 33£ stone in all, at the rate you and he agreed for, 8s. 6d. a stone. He will pay before 12 January. I dare not meddle with sheep, the price is so unreasonable. The order of 138 your farmers is not what it should be for lack of a court keeping. Certain tenants complain that Harry Horner overpresseth the commons with keeping 500 sheep, more than was ever wont to be kept on that farm, and say that if you had a court you would so pain him that there would soon be redress. — From Grantham, the last day of December. Endorsed by Cecil : — " 1556/' \\pp. 509. Sir Wm. Cecil's Sheep. 1556. — Account of Sir W. Cecil's sheep at Grantham. In CeciVs hand. 1 p. 510. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, Jan. 2. — I thank you for the kindly visitation of your friends here at Bisham, to whom you should have been welcome if my Lady might have spared you, to whom you have been as good a nurse, as you would have her to be good nurse to you. Your man has been here to view my work, but it is not sufficiently advanced ; if he returns in three or four weeks he will be better able to serve yôur turn. Mr. Mason arrives with his wife to-morrow night, and the Lord Privy Seal on Monday. You would be welcome, but fear you can make no step without the licence of my Lady. — Bisham, 2 January 1556. Signed. I p. Modern copy of preceding. 511. Sir Anthony Cooke to Sir Wm, Cecil. 1556-7, Jan. 10. — Has received Cecil's letter of the 12th Dec. Is glad to hear his daughter is well delivered, and although a son might have been more welcome, yet the bringing forth fruit twice in so few years and in this time of her nge, gives good hope, " though she were not happy at the beginning." Has no good tidings from hence, has been very ill with a colick. Mr. Haddon's health is not yet restored. It is said here that the holy father at Rome is hardly handled by the Duke of Alva ; thinks it hard to say whether they are glad or sorry for it in England. — Strasburg, 10 January 1556. Holograph . I p. 512. Lord Thomas Wentworth to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, Jan. 16. — Desires Cecil to furnish his cousin Sir Thomas Cornwalleys, now at court, with a note of a house standing near Thames side, built by the Duke of Somerset, then Sir Edward Seymour. — Calais, 16 January 1556. Signed. i P- 513. Sir Robert Brooke [Chief Justice of the Common Pleas] to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, Feb. 15. — Requesting Cecil to allow his neighbours, John Spede, of London, tailor, and Elizabeth, his wife, to rent Cecil's house in Paul's Churchyard. — London, 15 February 1556. lp 514. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1Ô.56.-7, Feb. 21. — Has perceived by my Lord's letter, forwarded by Cecil, how sti aightlaced he is, in not taking less than 400/. When last in London, had offered his man 300/. Now sends bearer to join with my 139 Lord's man, and to go through with the assurance thereof. Requests Cecil to direct the bearer to some learned counsel, to investigate the title, and to make search for the award between Sir Walter Stoner and Sir Adrian Fortescue. Advises Cecil " to come abroad and not to tarry so long with my Lady, and in such a stinking city, the filthiest of the world," whereby he should drive bees out of his head, and see now that which before was not thought upon. — Bisham, 21 February 1556. Signed. I p. 515. Lord John Grey to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7,Feb. 26. — Announces his wife's deliverance of a " gholly boye," and requests Cecil and his cousin Thomas Wotton to make it a Christian soul. His wife was taken five weeks before her time, otherwise they would have been in London, proving the proverb, that man proposeth and God disposeth. Asks Cecil to send a deputy in case business or sickness should occasion his absence. — Walden, 26 February. Endorsed by Cecil: — " 1556, Lord John Grey, from Walden, for shreuyng of his sonne." Holograph. \ p. Modern copy of preceding, 516. Sir Thomas Cornwallis to Sir W. Cecil. 1556-7, March 5. — Informs Cecil that my Lord Lieutenant showed an earnest inclination of goodwill towards him. Finds that the cause of this was Cecil's offer to clear his Lordship of many articles, when the matter between him and Recorde was opened before the Judges. Thinks it may stand him in good stead if he have any occasion to use his Lordship, who is now in great credit with the Queen.— Calais, 5 March 1556. Addressed to : — Cannon Row, Westminster. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 203. In extenso.] 517. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, March 7. — Perceives by Cecil's letter, as by Walter Walshe, his great travail to help him, for which his thanks are offered. Is satisfied with my Lord's title, and suggests that the conveyance should be arranged by Walshe, as the purchase money is to be provided out of monies held by him [Hoby] in trust and payable to Walshe's sisters on marriage ; the sisters to receive the rent of the land, by way of interest, until the loan is paid off. Is content that the fine be only to Walshe, and possession to be taken by Rob. Shelden. If the King comes so shortly, thinks he shall see Cecil before his coming hither, for he minds then to come to kiss his hand. — Bisham, 7 March 1556. Signed. 2 pp. 518. Sir Philip Hoby to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, March 10. — Requesting Cecil to keep the 400/. till my Lord authorizes the delivery of his plate, which is to be held as security-until the assurance be made. Asks him also to retain the plate, until the writings between my Lord and Walter Walshe are perfected. — Bisham, 10 March 1556. Signed. 140 519. The Earl of Rutland to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, March 15. — Perceives by Cecil's letter of the 12th of March, that he has received 300/. from Sir Philip Hoby for Grafton, the other 100/. to be paid at Easter. His servant Ferrer will receive the money, and deliver the pawn until the assurance shall be made. —The Eagle, 15 March 1556. P.S. — Prays Cecil to tell Mr. Hoby that he promised to send his armourer ere this. Addressed to : — Cannon Row, Westminster. [On the outside of this letter there are some rough pedigree notes in Cecil's handwriting, relating to the families of Medici and Ubaldo.] I p. 520. John Hales to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1556-7, March 23. — Announcing the death of Mr. Moryson, who has left a very poor widow. Requests Cecil to aid her in obtaining the cus- tody of her son — " who lame, still lieth under the surgeon's fingers " — it being of little value to any one. — 23 March 1556. Endorsed by Cecil : — " 1556. 18 Martii. Jho Hales tow M r Morysys dethe." \P- 521. Sir Anthony Cook to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, March 27. — Yours of the 19th Feb. was very welcome. God send you and my daughter much comfort of your little daughter with increase of sons to serve and fear Him. My mind touching my daughter M. I have signified more at large. God grant she may be as well bestowed as I think long till she be bestowed. I marvel leave could not be given for my son Richard. Would to God his sickness improved ! I have not had at all times most cause to be content with him, but now, I fear, I shall be loth to lack him. My being here is not pleasant, but necessary. God amend the starving that has already begun in England and turn away the threatening of the sword, removing the cause of these and the like plagues, our disobedience to His word and will. Mr. S. hath had a relapse, but will, I hope, recover. — From Strasburg, the 27th of March 1557. 522. Edward Griffin, the Queen's Attorney, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, April 20. — Has received Cecil's letter touching Kirkham and Norwich. Cannot return to London so soon, because of ague. Is sorry Cecil was never of Gray's Inn,. " nor can skill of no law." — From Dingley, 20 April 1557. 523. Sir Thos. Cornwaleys to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, April 29. — Has received his letter, dated Good Friday, not the two former. Thanks him for his advertisement touching Mr. Garden's travail with Lady Anne of Cleves, whereby lie understands she cannot be dissuaded from Westropp, unless recompensed with the house and park of Gulford. Thinks it hard to get for her, yet will confer with his friends, and if encouraged by them will wade further. As Garden says, her grace's disposition towards Westropp is increased by pro- curement of Mr. Freston, Cofferer. Cecil may let Garden know that if 141 this be true Mr. Cofferer deals doubly. He was one of the first that moved the writer to Westropp. Thinks it is Dune, my lady's auditor, who was of Freston's bringing up. — From Calais, the 29 April, 1557. P.S. by John Overton, that he will, within 10 days, wait on his master. " Adversity sometimes spiced with good luck is tolerable, so is my oft " crossing the seas, having a good master." Modern copy of preceding. 524. Sir Anthony Cooke to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, May 17. — I have received your letter, dated on St. George's Day. Here is much talk that the King shall bring great aid with him out of England. God grant it to be for the safety of the realm. Touching my letters, I have written my mind to my son Bacon, which I intend to follow. For your friendly care of me at this time, I take it very thankfully ; and if it might so be, I would gladly so declare it presently, but what hope can I have thereof P Thither I cannot yet come, and it should be a very good errand that could draw you hither. — Strasburg, 17 May 1557. P.S. — God send my son Richard better health, if it be His will. Original. i P . 525. Sir John Mason to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, June 15. — If I can by any honest means displace the pest now at Witham, your man shall have it. I hear complaints of Wymberley. When charged therewith he offered to be tried for his honesty and duty by any gentlemen living near him. I appointed Mr. Porter and another, by whom I may be advertised of the honest man's behaviour. If I find to have a just quarrel he shall remove and give place to a man of more honesty. Mr. Spilman and I will work what we can to satisfy your man. — From my poor house at Gonelsbery, the 15 June 1557. hp- 526. Sir Anthony Cooke to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, July 12. — Has received his letters of 12th and 18th June, and is glad to perceive the confirmation of son Bacon's amendment. Utique Dominas non solum misereatur illius sed etiam mei, ne dolorem habeam super dolorem. As to Cecil's disliking him to remain, trusts he will not be dealt wilh otherwise than lie deserves, the cause thereof is not will but necessity. Cannot fashion himself to write for help to such as he knows not. Has regard in whose debt he comes. Commits his cause to God, the clemency of the Queen, and the goodwill of friends, so as not to be miser ante tempus, to which end prays Cecil to direct his doings, &c. Wishes his son Bacon not to journey too soon upon his amendment for fear of distemperance. Wrote to the same a good while since his opinion of Mr. N., wherein he desires Cecil's help, &c. — From Stras- burg, the 12 July 1557. I p. 527. Thos. Lord Wentworth, Lord Deputy, and the Council at Calais to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, July 14. — Beg payment of 71., the portion of Cecil's ward's assessment, Francis Hall's heir, for putting Sandgate Castle into better 142 defence at the commencement of the war with France. The imposition on the under-tenants, together with their labour, will not finish the work. As the landlords profit by the earlier inning of the harvest the sur- charge is llevied on them 16c?. of every £, and 16d. of every raser of wheat. The charge will be gained on the year's profits, notwith- standing the war. — From Calais, this 14 July 1557. Modern copy of preceding. 528. Francis, Earl of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, July 26. — At the writing hereof we were in a manner in readi- ness to set forwards out of Calais ; in a very short space you shall hear further. Be good to my wife and children, under whose {sic) protection 1 do altogether commit them.— -From Calais, the 26 July 1557. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 204. In extenso.'] 529. Sir Fras. Englefield to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, July 27. — Has received his letter with that from the Council of Calais, as to the tax on the lands of the heir of Francis Hall, the Queen's ward, to whom Cecil is committee. Being lessee of the lauds Cecil is required to pay 71. ; on examination and proof that he ought not to be so charged he will receive allowance in payment of the rent. —From the Court this 27 July 1557. \p. Modern copy of preceding. 530. Wm. Lord Paget, Lord Privy Seal, to the Privy Council. 1557, July 28. — Has received their letter with the complaint of Tylma O'Denstell to them touching the seizure of his ship. As half the salt was Frenchmen's goods, the ship carrying it is according to French and English laws of war fair prize. Yet to avoid trouble and out of charity to the poor man, has written to his man at Plymouth to restore him his ship. As to the misdemeanour with the mayors of Plymouth and Saltash, it grew upon (sic) between the two mayors for their liberties. — From Drayton, the 28th July, 1 557. I p. 531. Sir Wm. Cecil's Household. 1557. Whitsuntide [July]. — Names of those of the household at Wimbledon and Burleigh for whom Cecil provides liveries and badges, with note of the quality of the same provided for each. He provides 28 in all, "Abraham" 3. '-'Thomas Cecil" occurs in second column under Wymbleton to have a livery and badge of the best. Endorsed : — " Nôïa Serviêt." 532. Margaret, Countess of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Aug. 9. — The last letter she received from her lord was dated 1 August, when he was in good health and merry. Trusts the sickness that reigns here will not come to the camp ; the guns and sword will be punishment enough for them. Hears say when the camp lay within a mile of Ard they lacked no gunshot. For her lord's valiantness Mrs. Clarences tells her the report was made very good. Is going to Chelsea to see stuff and jewels there to be sold, where she wishes she might see Lady Cecil, who, however, is not likely to bestow 143 much money, nor she, yet her mother would have lier bestow some for her lord's daughter. " As for the ague I fear not my son. I dare put him to my lady your wife's order," — From London, the 9th of August. Endorsed ••— 1557. 533. Margaret, Countess of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Aug* 13. — Sends the bond, and prays Cecil to consider the danger thereof, whether the merchant with extremity may require the 400/. or can have no more than the principal. Sends letters from her lord, one for Cecil received yesternight ; also 3/. which is four double ducats. — From London, Friday, 13th August. P.S. Begs him to return lier lord's letter. She will come to Wim- bledon and teach Cecil's guest a way, if she goes to Antwerp, which is doubtful. Endorsed : — 1557. I p. 534. Sir Nicholas Bacon to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Aug. 18. — I and my wife thank you of your letter, and are glad that my sister Margaret hath for health sake gotten liberty, and of my sister Elizabeth's recovery ; your goddaughter, thanks be to God, is somewhat amended, her iits being more easy, but not delivered of any. It is a double tertian that holds her, and her nurse had a single, but it is gone clearly. To-morrow, by the grace of God, by ten of the clock, I will be at Chanon Row, and if I shall like upon the sight I shall be glad to join with you for the hanging. My doubt is whether Mr. Cofferer be at his house. There be other things I had rather buy than any you write of if they be to be sold, as at our next meeting I shall show you, only the fear of provision for war is the let of this provision meet for peace. Thus wishing to you and my lady as to ourselves, we bid you farewell.— Written at Bedford, this present Wednesday, 1557, by your brother and sister-in-law. N. Bacon. \_Postcript.~\ We at Bedford are no less glad of Wimbledon's welfare and especially of little Nan, trusting for all this shrewed fever to see her and mine playfellows many times. Thus wishing continuance of all good things to you at once because your man hasteth away and my husband to dinner. Your loving sister, A. Bacon. Holograph. \ p. 535. Fras., Earl of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Aug. 21. — "Of our proceedings touching the overthrow. I ensure you it was very great, and such another as the like hath not chanced to France of a good while. Since which time, Count Egmont with 2,000 Spaniards and Swartroters, and as many of us, has made a "rode" into France of 22 miles and found no great resistance, nor should have done though we had gone much further. As for the state of the town, I think it will be gotten, whereof our soldiers will not be sorry, by reason they are pinched with scarcity and divers are fallen sick." I thank you for your continued travail in all my causes. — From our camp before St. Quentins, the 21 August. Endorsed: — 1557. [Haynes, p. 204. In extenso, j 144 536. George, Lord Cobham to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Aug. 27. — T thought to have tarried in London till Monday, intending then to have seen my lady's grace. I understand since from thence that her grace is in such wise diseased that she keepeth her chamber. I have therefore deferred my going thither, and am minded to-morrow to repair home again, expecting your coming and my lady's unto my house with my cousin your sister. Send me word what time you will come, and I shall accordingly give order that my barge shall attend for you at your house in London, and my wife's litter at Graves- end. — London, 27 August 1557. Signed, I p. 537. John Beaumont to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557. Sept. 10. — Asking that the Rectory of Market Deping may be given to John Oudly. — Stamford, 10 Sept. 1557. Latin. 1 p. 538. Eras., Earl of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Sept. 13. — " It were too old to write you of the great overthrow or of the winning of St. Quintins or Chatelett. The Duke of Savoy came before Hawne 8 Sept. ; the King's Majesty the 9th. The town gave over immediately. The castle being very strong held out a while, but yielded likewise. At the same time a number of our Swartroters took Scheney, a town thought to be of good force. As now we look for a remove, but it is not known. Most men think we shall to Pyron, by report the strongest town in France." — From our Camp beside Hawne, 13 Sept. 1557. Endorsed : — 1 6th Sept ember. [Haynes, p. 204. In extenso.'] 539. Francis, Earl of Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Sept. 21. — Desires him to take order with Lady Bedford that money may be made towards discharging his debts now on her hands, and to talk with Mr. Isham, and write to Mr. Charles and Mr. Pollard that the wood sales may go forward with all speed though with some loss. His charge this journey has been much greater than he expected, which he begs him to consider. Touching news, there is none other than that the King fortifietb his peace gotten, and will no further this year. " The French King maketh a new power, but we can bear (sic) nothing of the coming forward. The Swartroters have overtlnown two or three hundred horse, their service bath been very notable. Our general is sick of an ague, our pay very slack, and people grudge for want." Trusts they will be speedily discharged. — Camp beside Hawne, 21 Sept. 1557. I p. Modern copy of preceding. 540. Sir Robt. Brooke, Lord Chief Justice, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Sept. 29. — Begs him to be good to the bearer touching a house of Cecil's which he holds in Paul's Churchyard, and which another would put him from. — London, 29 Sept. En dorsed : — 1557. 145 541. John Skinner, Collector of the Loan for the Queen, to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Oct. 20. — Begs Cecil to send a man to receive the 100/. he lent to the Queen last year, which the writer is authorised by warrant of the Queen to repay to him. — At Reigate, 20 October 1557. Modern copy of preceding. 542. Margaret, Lady Bedford to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1557], Oct. 25. — Thanks him for offering to come up touching her and her lord's causes, but would not have him come yet without great occasions as there reigns such sickness at London. If he comes before the end of the term she will require his help towards staying the pro- cesses for debt against her lord. Thanks him for conferring witr Isham about raising money, and is glad 100/. can be had there. As to Hack's wife feeling aggrieved at such short notice to quit, Servington, the tenant, is responsible ; he had as much notice as is required by law. Her request to stay till Lady-day can only be granted on condition she neither sell, fell, nor carry away any underwood. — London, 25 October. P.S. — My lord is now with the king's majesty at Brussels, and within this se'nnight, I trust he will be at home. 2 pp. 543. George, Lord Cobham to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557, Dec. 26. — I thought to make you mindful of your promise to see me this Christmas if my house might entertain so desired a guest. . . And what day you will appoint to come 1 shall take order for horse and horse litter to attend your arrival. — Cobham Hall, the 26 December 1557. 544. Calais. 1557. — Pay of the officers and garrison, and the revenue, of Calais. 3 pp. 545. St. Quentin. 1557. — Wages of the armament under the Earl of Pembroke, sent Anno 1557 to St. Quentin. 6 pp. 546. " Petitions of the Lord Deputy of Ireland" [Thomas RatclifFe, Earl of Sussex]. 1557. — (1.) For the remission of the fine of his livery for the land that was the jointure of the Countess of Arundel. (2.) For the increase of his entertainment to 2,000/. per annum. (3.) For re-payment of 800/. lent to the Queen, which he " borrowed at his coming away, when no money was to be gotten." (4.) For the renewing of his patent for the Justice of the Forests, for lite, in like manner as Charles, Duke of Suffolk, or any other before him. (5.) For remission of payment of the subsidy, for that he is informed that the Deputy of Calais and Deputy of Ireland pay no subsidy. (6.) That consideration may be had of the great charges Sir Henry Sidney hath been and shall be at. Endorsed:— "1557." I p. c 84066. K 146 547. Memoranda Cor COMMERCIAL TREATY between ENGLAND and Muscov v. 1557. — The subjects of Muscovy to have liberty to come and go and to sell their merchandise ; the merchants to be under the special pro- tection of their Majesties | Philip and Mary]; to pay the taxes paid by other Christian Princes' subjects ; to have a house in London or else- where; justice of the Lord Chancellor, &c. Wrecked goods to be kept, Sec. Artificers and craftsmen to have liberty to come and go. Ambas- sadors to be sent (Mr. Chamberlain). Presents to the Duke, &c. /Indorsed : — 1557. Hp- 548. Names of the Lords and Gentlemen who attended the Earl of Lincoln into France. [1557]. — Lords Talbot, Clinton, Dacre, Sand, Rich, Sir Edward Hastings, Sir Henry Borough, Giles Brydges, Sir Arthur Champer- nowne, Philip Sidney, Sir Jerome Bowes, Messrs. Charles Arundel, Middlemore, Scadamore, Ralph Bowes, Leke Paston, and Captain Shute. . — U ndated. ip- 549. Boulogne. [1557]. — Wages at Boulogne. — Undated. 2 i PP- 550. Military Expenses. [1557]. — Wages, charges, &c, of 10,000 men. Staff of the Duke's Grace, Lord Grey, &c. Notes of troops in Almayn, Normandy, and Newhaven. — Undated. 4 pp. 551. Naval Affairs. [1557 ?]. — View of repairs requisite for certain ships, by James Baker, Benjamin Gonson, &c. — Undated. hp- 552. Arthur Hall to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557-8, January 12. — Requests an allowance from Cecil, his guardian, either to go into France, as he and his mother desire, or, if wars hinder, to the Inns of Court. She will provide 20/, or 30/. a year towards it. — 12 January 1557. Endorsed : — 13 Jan. 155(>. 2 pp. 553. Sir Anthony Cook to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1557-8, January 24. — Is much troubled with the ill news of the taking of Calais. " Was not a little astonied with these news which make in England a sorrowful end of Christmas and altereth matters this Parliament purposed, whereof the good had no need of let, and if any were otherwise this will increase and not remedy them." The book he wrote of to his knowledge he never saw. Mr. Cheke's books here have been perused but it cannot be found. Has seen a register of Mr. Cheke's own hand of his Greek written books, and it is not among them. — From Strasburg the 24th January 1557. [Haynes, p. 205. In extenso.'] ip. 147 554. Philip II. to Lord Admiral Clinton. 1558, April 6. — Thanking him for his diligence and zeal in fitting out the fleet and for his valour and affection for the Queen, and urging him to maintain the same. — Brussels, 6 April mdlviii. Latin. \ p. 555. Wm. Tooke, Auditor of the Court of Wards and Liveries. 1558, June 29. — Warrants for allowances to William Tooke, Auditor of the Court of Wards and Liveries, for engrossing his accounts. — Dec. 2, 1553 to June 29, 1558. 3 pp. ELIZABETH. 556. Will of Lady Anne Cobham. 1558, Oct. 7.-— Will of Lady Anne Cobham, dated 7 Oct. 1558. Gives direction for her body to be buried in the church of Cobham " without pomp or pride." Bequeaths sundry legacies to her children, Katherine Cobham, George, John, Henry, Thomas, Edmund, and Edward Cobham ; to each of the four alms children whom she found 40*. and 2 " kene " a piece ; to Mr. Okenton and his wife, 61. 13s. 4e?. ; to Anne Gardyner, alias Watts, 6s. 8d, one quarter of wheat, and another of malt. " As touching my jewels and apparel, I give and bequeath to my daughter the Lady Marquis, a jewel set with diamonds, with a great pearl thereto appendant, three boxes of silver, a taglet of gold for a lace to a kirtle, two of my best wrought handkerchiefs, a piece of gold called a sovereign, and the best ring I have." Gives to her son, Henry Cobham, her cup of silver, with a brake upon the cover, and two of her handkerchiefs ; to her daughter, George Cobham's wife, a gown of wrought velvet furred with jennets, a kirtle of purple velvet, and 4/. in money to pay for the nursing of her child ; to Elizabeth, child of the said George Cobham, a pomander enclosed with gold, and a little " mawdelyn " cup of silver gilt ; to her daughter Katherine divers gowns, &c, specified, " a piece of gold called a double ducat," and two rings. Then follow divers bequests to Mr. and Mrs. Okenton, to Richard Brooke and his wife, and to her servants. " All my yarn & hemp I give & bequeath amongst my laundry servants, and all the wool that I refined for myself to be likewise divided amongst them to make them frocks." Gives 40s. to Henry Byer for making this will. The residue of her goods bequeathed to her son William Brook, knight, Lord Cobham, who is appointed sole executor, Sir Percival Hart, knight, being appointed *< overseer." Orignal. Seal. 2 pp. 557. Antonio Pecci to Francis Yaxley. 1558, Dec. 6. — In his last from Rome he informed Yaxley of his arrival. Thence he journeyed to Naples where he found that Don Giovanni Mauriques, the Viceroy, had already left, and Cardinal de Quona remained in his place till the arrival from Spain of the new k 2 148 Viceroy, the Marquis of Tarifa. Has commenced his business but fears it will be long and troublesome, because the King had been so liberal to all who had been of service to him that almost all the ordinary revenues are assigned, and there is some difficulty how to allot to him the 500 golden crowns which his Majesty wished to be paid to him annually for life. Has not been wanting in diligence, being anxious to get to Rome. Begs Yaxley's aid if he has any opportunity to assist him. Has already been 18 months without pay from the King, or aid from anyone, and hardly knows how he is still alive. From Rome they hear that, the King having sent as ambassador Don Giovanni Figarola, his Holiness would not receive him, as he had fallen under excommunication, whilst Governor of Milan, for sequestrating the revenues of the Archbishopric of Milan, and on a notary of the Chamber being sent to him to tell him that he ought not to retain them, he imprisoned the messenger ; so that the Pope had caused him to understand by Signor Ascanio Caracciolo, ambassador in Rome for the affairs of this kingdom, that if he came to Rome he would be burnt, and his Holiness by a messenger to his Majesty has requested a new choice. We await the result. — Naples, 6 December 1558. Italian. 1 p. 558. [The Merchant Strangers of London] to the Privy Council. 1558, December. — Complain that the customers and controllers of the Customs serve not the Queen truly but convert much thereof to their own private lucre and advantage, to the great annoyance of mer- chant strangers, and pray the Queen to stay the granting of those offices and make inquiry and search. Whereas by statute no customer or controller nor their deputies or clerks should have any part of shipping, or use or occupy any stock of merchandise, or have any wharves for lading or unlading, yet divers of them occupy great stocks privily by their factors that bear the name thereof who may carry and convey at all times all manner of wares prohibited by the statutes. " If any merchant stranger or other bring any wares of commodity or profit, when they come to the customers to make their entry, then im- mediately their factors shall have knowledge of such wares before they shall make their entry, and if they will not sell it to their factors they shall be searched." Bribes and rewards given them must needs be great. " It is manifest to all men that not only the customer after he is in office is soon a great rich man, although he come bare to it, but also his clerk that keepeth the custom house. Some there be that be well known that at their coming into office to be the customer's clerk were not able to have (your honours not offended) so much as a pair of hosen to their Joins, and within 11 or 12 years worth thousands." Pray the Queen of the avoiding of all craft and deceit, to set it in farm to the township of the port for three, five, or more years, with good assurance, and to have the rates of all manner of wares and merchandise set over the gate of the Custom House that all men may know what they ought to pay. If any merchant convey prohibited wares beyond seas it may well to be known by the owner, master, boatswain, &c, after their return upon their oaths taken within one month following what wares were so taken, and if the default be found contrary to the entry in the Custom House then to be forfeited all that is not entered. Also, for the encouragement of merchants, that the Q. would bear favour to them in every 20 ton lading to allow four or five ton paying no custom, &c. Endorsed: — December 1558. 2 pp. 149 559. "Burghley's Journal." 1558. — A brief diary of events from 1553 to 1558 ; being part of Burghley's Journal. 4 pp. [Murdin, pp. 746, 747.] 560. Lord Clinton. [1558]. " The cause I was sent for to Brussels." [From indorsement in Lord Clinton's hand.'] First, of the readiness of the navy and what number of ships and men, and for what time victuals. What number may be set on land by the said navy. What knowledge I have of the coast of France. What port or haven may be taken there, and whether the same may be only with an army by sea, or not, without any army by land. What my opinion is touching the recovery of Calais, wherein was long discourse divers ways. What I understand of the seat and strength of Mottrell [Montreuil] and Boulogne. What my opinion is touching the passing of an army over the water of Somme towards Rew [Rue] and St. Valéry, and how vessels may enter there out of the sea, and of what burden. How victuals might come out of Flanders and England upon necessity. In what case England is for plenty of corn and victuals, and the likelihood of the fruit of this year. What regard and preparation is had for the defence of the frontier against Scotland for " Sodens " [suddens], and what further order is taken if any invasion by an army shall be offered, whereof his Highness seemed to have great care, and feareth that slackness may be a danger to it as [it] was to Calais, whereof his Majesty gave warning and offered aid which was refused. His Majesty commanded me to put the Queen's Majesty in remem- brance, and her Council to have good foresight, of the defence of the frontier and the forts there; saying, that rather than such chance should happen as of late to Calais, he would rather be at the defence thereof his own person. That his Majesty hath intelligence out of France of great preparation to the sea, for transporting of an army into Scotland under the charge of the Duke of Vendôme, as some say, but it is thought to be the Vidame of Chartres [François de Vendôme] accompanied with many Captains. What may be taken for the meeting on the sea of the said army for to impeach that journey. " The second calling." Repeating the first conference, willed me to speak in his Majesty's behalf, that there may be order taken that victuals for the said navy may be in readiness to serve upon all occasions until the last of September. And that between this and the last of the next of the month the whole navy may be in readiness to set sail, by which time his Highness will advertise the Queen what is to be done best for the advancement of their Majesties' service against the enemy. And in the meantime if any knowledge of the French navy be had, of their going to Scotland, that then all be done that is possible to encounter them with the Queen's navy. 150 His Highness, at my departing, specially commanded me to declare his displeasure and grief by the let of his journey lately intended to see the Queen's Majesty. — Undated. 2 pp. 561. Genealogy of the Cobham Family, &c. [1558]. — Genealogy of the Cobham family, with those of the Earl of Hereford, and the house of Peverel, from Edward I. to Philip and Mary. — Undated. A Roll, 10 feet long. 562. Royal Genealogy of England. [1558]. — Genealogical roll of the Kings of England, from the creation of the world to Queen Elizabeth, with their collateral branches. Il- luminated coats of arms. — Undated. A Roll, 30 yards long. 563. Instructions for Cavalcanti. 1558-9, Jan. [8]. — The first instructions to Sir Guido Cavalcanti from the Queen to the French King. — January, 1558. Copy. 2 pp. [See State Papers, Foreign, 1558-1559, No. 216. Printed by Forbes, Vol. I., pp. 14-15 ; in extenso.'] 564. Queen Elizabeth. 1558-9, Jan. 25. — Act of restitution of the Queen. Contemporary copy. 2 pp. 565. Negotiations with France. [1558-9, Jan. 29]. — A portion of the instructions given by Queen Elizabeth to Sir Guido Cavalcanti, in reply to the King of France on the subject of the restitution of Calais. — Undated. Copy. Imperfect. 5 \ pp. [These w Instructions " are printed in extenso in Forbes, Vol. I., pp. 31-36. The imperfect copy noticed above is by mistake bound up with a copy of some instruc- tions to Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. See also State Papers, Foreign, 1558-1559, No. 285.] 566. Edw. Lord North to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1558-9, Jan. 30. — Cannot come as yet through the thunderstorms. Has travailed with the bearer concerning the matter for coining of half- pence and farthings. He is content to take but 400/. for the current moneys, and repay it in three months, &c, the Queen to be at no manner of charge for the same, but to receive a clear gain of 200,000 marks. Thinks the matter should not be delayed as there are others touching the mint whereby further gain will ensue. Desires to know the Queen's determination herein ; if it go forward bearer should have a commission for that purpose. P.S. — Bearer is content to serve the Queen, her Majesty to bear all charges, and he to take no penny, but to stand to Her Majesty's reward. Writer prefers his former offer. Endorsed m Jan. 1558. I p. 151 567. Lord Wm. Paget to Sir Thos. Parry, Treasurer of the Household, and Sir Wm. Cecil. 1558-9, Feb. 3. — Sends two deviees for the Q.'s choice for the amendment of the moneys, one of 11 oz. fine at 5s., the other of 10 oz. at 4s. The gain from the first will be the greater if diligence is used that the money be not conveyed away. It should be of the same smallness as the silver money coined already by the Q. and formerly by Q. Mary and by Edw. VI., i.e., 15 groats to the oz. ; the angel if brought to the right standard, 22 carats fine, will be worth 105. If the other standard please better, the Q. will gain little, but her subjects will be less aggrieved by loss in the decry. Money coined for Ireland to be of better value; all moneys in England, groats, twopences, &c, to be of one standard ; no more testons coined ; 12 groats to go to the oz. Likes not Bumsteed's device. Warns them to inform the Q. that if the secret is not confined to her Majesty and four or five of her counsel- lors at most, marvellous great inconvenience will follow. The late Q., in her husband's presence, appointed the [Lord] of Ely, Mr. Englefield, Mr. Peter, Mr. Baker and another to take charge of the matter wholly, and their Majesties and the Council were content that the day of the decrying should be kept from them till the very day before it. The K. of Spain went over and never came here since : the writer went to the Bains ; and the rest cared not for the calling upon it in his absence and so the matter was dashed. If the Q. amend the coin universally there shall grow thereby a great commodity to her and the realm. They of the Mint should have warn- ing to coin but little silver, much gold, and to keep the gold in hand. — This 3rd of February 1558. HjRP- [Haynes, p. 207. In extenso.'] 568. Lord Wm. Paget to Sir Thos. Parry, Treasurer of the Household, and Sir Wm. Cecil. 1558-9, February 20. — Puts them in remembrance of things they have known : the necessity of friendship with the house of Burgundy " which is abler to stand us in stead than in K. Edward IV. and Henry VII.'s days ; " the natural enmity between England and France, their greater power to pursue their revenge. As for their disposition Wootton and Shelley can tell of their promise touching Boulogne, the like is well known touching the surprise of Calais " when we were at peace with them at both times." And yet we believe their words still as the gospel. The French grow every day more and more patientes laboris, vigiliarum, inedie, sitis, &c, and we socordes et ignavi, &c. The Burgundians, though mighty, are cold and phlegmatic, slow in their doings, &c. If the French invade us by sea or by Scotland, the K. of Spain would also enter as our friend or foe. " If we take part with neither, they will fasten their feet both of them here, and make a Piedmont of us. If we take part with the one, we ourselves shall be after- wards made a prey by the victor. God save us from the sword, for we have been plagued of late with famine and pestilence." For God's sake move the Q. to put her sword into her hand. She shall the better make her bargain with doubtful frjends and enemies. Move her to cause those things that she will have done by Parliament to be shortly done. — 20 February 1558. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 208, In extenso.'} 152 569. Preliminary Treaty of Chateau Cambresis. 1558-9, March 12. — Articles agreed upon between the deputies of the King of France, the King and Queen Dauphins, and the King and Queen of Scotland, on the one part, and those of the Queen of England on the other, by the mediation of the deputies of the King of Spain, in the presence of the Duchess Dowager of Lorraine and Milan, and of the Duke of Lorraine, her son. Calais to be restored at the end of eight years, the fortifications at Eyemouth to be demolished.— Chateau Cambresis, 12 March 1558. Endorsed: — Minute of the Articles penned by the English. [See State Papers, Foreigu, 1558-9, No. 405.] Copy. French. 5^ pp. 570. Agreement for observation of the Truce between England and Scotland by M. D'Oysel, Lieutenant General of the French King in Scotland. 1558-9, March 18. — Promising not to make, nor suffer to be made, any incursions within the limits of England during the truce, which lasts from 6th March to 6th May next, made between the Earl of Northum- berland and the Count de Bandonel ; and engaging if any invasion is made by accident to make, or cause to be made, prompt redress without fraud, dissimulation, or delay. — Edinburgh, 18 March 1558. Sealed. French. J p. [Haynes, p. 209. In extenso.] 571. Treaty of Chateau Cambresis. 1559 [March 25]. — Epitome of the chief articles of the peace arranged between the Kings of Spain and France. The following tetrastich on the date [the day before Easter Day] precedes the articles:— " Pacis ut excussor fuit, banc Mars intulit orbi, Surgit et in Christo, quae ante sepulta fuit : Atque resurrexit cum Christo, vivat in ipso JEterna hsec pacis fœdera Christus alat." After the articles (29 in number) follows a long list of the names of those States named by each King, and included in the treaty. Latin. 6 pp. 572. Lord Wm. Paget to Sir Thos. Parry, Treasurer of the Household. 1559, April 2H. — Desires to know the Queen's pleasure touching his licence for wines, whereof somewhat was treated in both Houses of Parliament. Complains of the Lord Admiral and Lord Hastings of Loughborough, for raising false tales about him ; he has done the former many a great good turn ; the other hates him, " because the Queen his old mistress deceased hated me." The greatest injury is done to the Queen's Majesty as the King her father and brother first advanced him to his place. " If her Majesty think me not a man meet to continue in the place wherein I am, I would be a suitor to have a writ of dotage, whereby I shall absent myself from all Parliaments, &c. " My lord of Sussex and I be not all one, but I hope that may be compounded by friendship. Marry, that of the others cannot be ended 153 but by authority, they be so maliciously bent against me to verify the Italian proverb, Chi offende non mai perdona, he that doth offend doth never forgive, &c. — From my house this St. George's Day. Endorsed : — 1559. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 210. In extenso.~\ 573. Philip II. to the Queen. 1559, April 24. — He does not write oftener as the Count de Feria always keeps her informed of all that passes. He now writes merely to express the great interest he takes in her affairs, which he cares for as much as for his own. In everything he will remain as true and good a brother as in the past. Refers her to the Count in everything, so as not to weary her with a long letter. — Brussels, 24 April 1559. Holograph, Spanish. 1 p. 574. The Earl of Northumberland to the Queen Dowager of Scotland. 1559, May 15. — Has received from his sovereign a commission directed to the Bishop of Durham, Lord Dacres, Sir James Croftes, and himself giving them power to meet with the Orators of the King and Queen Dauphins of Scotland, to conclude certain articles contained in the treaty of Cameryke [Cambray] in April last. Requests that the time and place of meeting may be appointed before the 28th instant, and desires her answer by the bearer, as well as the names of those appointed, and the place of meeting. — From Alnwick, 15 Ma)', 1559. Copy. \ p. [Haynes, p. 211. In extenso.] 575. Memorial. [1559], May 20. — A Memoryall of sôdry thygs to be found out. 1. Therefusall of y e K. of Spays Comiss. at Casteau in Cambresy to stey ther côclusiô of a peace w* the Fr. except they wold rëd r Calliss. 2. The loss of Calliss by entryg into warr w* y e Fr. K. at y e request of y e K. of Spay ageynst the myd of all y e Coûsell of Englâd savyg y e L. Pagett. 3. The miseryes of y e realm in y e tymes of X. H. y e vi., Edw. 4th, Edw. V., Richard 3. The many rebelliôs in for. K. tymes, y 6 derth y° famy y e plages. 4. A note of such obstinat traytours papish as have suffred beyg côdëned for refusyg ther nail allegiâce to y e Q. 5. The causes of y e «Dclamat. in Novëb. uppô knolledg of y e multitud of Jesuitts and seminary es secrettly côë into y 6 realm. To have certi- ficat of ye nôbers y* war seë côë into y e realm. 6. The K. caused certen Jewells to be delyvered at y e first whâ he also by y e Coût Feria did won hir to be his wkT at w c tyme also y e sayd Coût Feria bestowed sôdry Joells of y e lady es in the Court to furd r y e mariadg but whan y e Q. Ma 1 ? moved y e Coût to forbeare y e cause as a matter unlefull he offred in y e K.s name to gcure a dispensatiô frô y 9 Pope but whâ the Q. also refused those meanes thâ y e D. dept w fc offëce leavyg y e Bishop behynd to kyndle Coles of unkydnes as he did in sôdry sorts. He comforted certen of y e Pooles to a rebelliô sekyng to plfer on of y e Pooles to a rebelliô and kept sôe of y e Conspirators in his house frô whêce they war had (sic) and nothyg doone to hy but comâded for a few days to kepe his house being thâ frely lodged in y e Q. house called Durhâ Place. 154 About y 4 tyme y e K. was moved not to suffer y e Scots to have ire traffick in his Contrées as frends who côtynued warrs w 4 Englâd as joynîg w 4 France w 4 whô K. Phillipp had ncured Q. Mary his wiff to begy a war for St. Qùtys ageynst y e myd of all hir Conseil nobillite and people sayyg y e L. Pagett who for a reward y e K. not w 4 out great unkydnes urged y e Q. to mak hy L. P've Seale. But for Scotland y e K. wold not assent to break w 4 it and for y 4 purpoos sent Môs. Ûasovik who I thynk yet lyveth to shew sôe collorable reasôs why it was to y e loss of his Low Coutrees to forbyd y e trades of y e Scots. Thâ ye Q. sent âbassadors to Casteau in Câbresis to joyne w 4 the K. to mak a peace w 4 Frâce & Scotlâd duryg w h tyme y e Fr. Kyng caused his son y e Dolphy of Frâce & his wif y e Q. of Scotts to publish a title to y e Crown of Englâd insomuch as y e Fr. K. Cofhissioners whâ motio was made for peace w 4 Engl, and for delyvery of Callis the Card, of Lorray and others sayd y t they douted whyther they shuld treat w 4 any for Églâd but w 4 the Dolph. & his wiff. But y e Constable of Frâce coûselled the Cardinall and his côplyces to forbeare those speches and gave advise y 4 tyme y 4 the Dolphy and the Scots Quene shuld iorbeare to putt y e arms of Englâd into his Scutchyns thereof dyvers war brought thyther to be sene. And though ernest meanes war made to ye Spanish Comissionars to rephëd y e Cardinall for this his fuirrios challëdg yet ther cold be nothyg obteyned of the, but the tyme was most spent by y e Spa. to côclude a peace w 4 the Freeh both for y e K. of Spay and y e D. of Savoy. And whâ y e English pssed to have Callis restored as y e D. of Savoye had all his côtreys and y 4 the Fr. refused it utterly offryng to consent to all y e Spa. demâds, y e Engl, instâtly re- qred y e Spanish to stand fast to refuse peace except Callis might be restored, the Spanish wold not assent thereto, but advised y 4 sôe Covenât might be made to restore it after certen yers uppo a pecuniary payne and except y e English wold be so côtent the peace shuld be made w 4 Spay and y e D. of Savoy and y e warrs shuld côtynew betw. Englâd, Frâce, and Scotlâd and so y e Engl. Comissionars adv'tised y e Q. of Englâd wherat she and her whole Cousell troubled, and Endorsed: — "Memorial 20 May." Cecil's holograph. 3 pp. Imperfect. 576. Edwd. Loud North to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559, June 21. — Has communed with the merchant, who, for Cecil's favour, is contented to give him a thousand marks, at the rate of 100 a month. The writer thinks there cannot be a better device for the Queen's purpose nor one that shall less offend other people. Yet the Queen will get by the same 200,000 marks clear. On Monday he will wait upon Cecil and the Treasurer at the Guildhall. — 21 June 1559. hp- 577. Edwd. Lord North to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559, July 9. — Desires Cecil, with Mr. Treasurer, to hear the bearer, Christopher Bumpsteed, as to the objections raised to the let and hindrance of his long suit. He has made three several offers in writing touching the coinage. Begs that no man may be preferred to take the commodity, and thanks of his good meaning and trouble from him, &c. —9 July 1559. 1 p. .V;;. i I .;u-Ui(j. i>*>Lu».> 155 578. The Coinage. 1559, August 12. — Bomsted's Reckoning. Calculations as to the silver coinage, e.g. : — 2,000 lb. weight of fine silver will make 43,200/., out of which take the fine silver 6,537/. 10s., and there remains in money towards the charges 36,662/. 10s. The alloy to the same will cost 333/, 16s. 8c/., and the charge of coinage estimated at 1,600/., &c, &c. Endorsed: — "M. Bomsted his reckning the xiith of August 1559." 2 pp. and 2 half pages. 579. Edwd. Lord North to [Sir Wm. Cecil]. 1559, [? Aug.]. — The bearer [Bumpstead] will give you 500 marks for your pains, and offers me 500 marks to dispose at my pleasure. I am desirous to bestow unto yourself 200 marks, unto Mr. Treasurer 200 marks, and to take the rest myself. The money is to be defalked out of that which he is presently to receive of the Queen. If advice is taken touching the mints of Ireland before Cecil concludes with Petter, perchance there may be gotten 100,000 marks for the Queen. Endorsed : — " L. North, 1559." Fragment. 1 p. 580. Affairs of Scotland. 1. The Lords of the Congregation to the Queen Regent. 1559, Oct. 19. — Remind her how at the last convention in Hamilton they required her most humbly to desist from fortifying Leith, then enterprised and begun, which appears to be a manifest entry to a con- quest and overthrow to their liberties, and against the laws and customs of the realm, seeing it was begun and yet continues without any advice or consent of the nobility or council thereof. According to their duty they now, as before, humbly require her to cause all strangers and soldiers without delay to leave the said town, and make the same patent not only to the inhabitants but to all Scottishmen her liege subjects. " Assuring your Highness that if ye in refusing the same declare thereby your evil mind towards the common weal of this realm or nation and liberty of the same, we will without delay mean, as before, the cause unto the whole nobility and commonalty thereof," and according to their oath they will provide remedy. Request most humbly her Grace's answer in haste by the bearer, because the fact proceeds daily to the conquest as appears to all men. — At Edinburgh, 19 October 1559. Annexed is the answer following : — 2. The Regent of Scotland to the Lords of the Congregation. 1559, Oct. 21. — Having received the letter dated Edinburgh, 19th instant (which appears to come from a Prince to his subjects, rather than from subjects to one that bears authority), for answer she has sent the bearer Lion Herald, king at arms, instructed with her mind, to whom they shall give credence. — At Leith, 21 October 1559. With note added that the copy of the credit is not yet to be had. The effect was that forasmuch as divers ways they had offended, and now especially in being in arms, she charged them upon their obedience to depart every man to his house. She burdened them also with practices out of England, naming Balnaves, Kyrcaldie, Whytlaw, &c. She knoweth also of Barnabie being in this country. 156 [From a Minute of Mr. Thomas Randolphe the Queen's Agent in Scotland. ] 1 p. [Haynes, pp. 21 L, 212. In extenso. Also in Keith, p. 231, and Knox, pp. 437, 440.] 58 L [Sir Thomas Challoner] to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559, Dec. 6. — Assures him that these folks are " broad mowthed " where he spoke of one too much in favour, as they esteem. He can guess whom they named, if not he will inform him further in his next. Conceives it a most false slander, yet " a Princess cannot be too wary what countenance of familiar demonstration she maketh, more to one than another." He judges no man's service in the realm worthy the entertaining with such a tale of obloquy, or occasion of speech to such men as of evil will are ready to find faults. This delay of ripe time for marriage, besides the loss of the realm (for without posterity of the Queen what hope is left them ?) ministers matter for these lewd tongues to descant upon, and breeds contempt. Wishes for one hour's talk with him. Trust his good nature or he would not write thus. 2. Let him consider how he deals now in the Emperor's matter, much depends on it. Here they hang in expectation, as men desirous it should go forward, but yet they have small hope. In the writer's opinion (to be said to Cecil only) the affinity is great and honourable ; the amity necessary to stop and cool many enterprises. They need not fear his greatness should overrule them. " He is not a Philip, but better for us than a Philip." 3. Let the time work for Scotland as God will, for be sure the French shall never enjoy them long. When the English are stronger and more ready they may proceed with that, which yet is unripe. The time itself will work when their great neighbours fall out next. Wishes England would settle things begun, and arm and fortify the frontiers with the Isle of Wight and Portsmouth where needs, and at Dover Castle out of hand. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 212. In extenso.'] 582. Mathieu Earl op Lennox to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559, Dec. 14. — 1. On the 10th inst. the writer received a letter with credit from his brother, the Bp. of Caithness, by a Scotchman and a friend of his called the Laird of Gaston, who being desirous to return to the writer's brother, is repaired home ; which letter and credit are enclosed that Cecil may participate the same to the Queen according to his [the Earl's] duty. He desires her to be gracious unto him as her progenitors have been heretofore, and that his wife and himself may have her licence in manner and form as this other is, which the bearer will show to Cecil. And (as he wrote heretofore) that which she has done for the recovery of their living in Scotland, he trusts shall redound to her own commodity, and he shall be able to do her better service there than here, &c. 2. He desires the furtherance of his suit, for he intends to send a servant to the Regent as shortly as may be after receiving the Queen's licence. — " From my house at Settrington the 14th of December." Endorsed : — 1559. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 213. In extenso.] 157 583. No ailles to the Queen Dowager. 1559, Dec. 21. — 1. Since his last letters to her he has been informed that certain of the Congregation have been very secretly introduced to the Queen here, one of whom, Lord Halton, was brought from Berwick by Teleby [Selby ?] Secretary Lethington and Melville have since been here endeavouring to obtain help, and have made large offers on the part of the Congregation and tried to persuade her that unless she assists them she will herself be ruined. Immediately afterwards com- missions to raise money were despatched everywhere, and payments not due for five or six months have been anticipated. The arming of the navy has been pushed on with redoubled vigour, fourteen vessels are only waiting for the wind to proceed to Berwick under Winter, who is to be Vice-Admiral, while the rest remain in the river for its protection and to guard the coasts. The Duke of Norfolk is ready to proceed to the North as Lieutenant-General. Lord Gray is to supersede the Duke of Northumberland. He has obtained a summary of the Duke's com- mission, which is to this effect : — 2. " The hostility of the French to this realm being now notorious by transporting large forces into Scotland under the pretence of con- quering that kingdom, the Queen has determined to provide against the same. Being jealous of Berwick, the chief key of her realm, she sends horse and foot-soldiers thither for its protection and that of the borders, under her Lieutenant-General the Duke of Norfolk." 3. Thus it appears that she would make out that those scanty forces sent into Scotland are really intended for the conquest of England, thereby is found a readier pretext for thwarting the just and necessary proceedings of the [French] King and by the same means to favour the rebels. In confirmation of his opinion the writer has to-day been given to understand by his previous informant that the Queen has just issued 500 commissions to the gentlemen nearest the North, requiring them to levy the greatest possible number of demi-lances and foot-soldiers to pro- ceed to Newcastle, where the said Duke will receive them. Therein she states that the King's plans point not at the conquest of Scotland, but towards England, and she is driven to resist him ; in order to prevent matters growing worse she must take the initiative. The writer ques- tioned his informant as to the precise time at which these troops were to be at Newcastle, but was told the exact date was left blank and would be filled up by Cecil himself, but that January was mentioned and he imagined it would be towards the end. 4. Late yesterday a Frenchman named Nesbet (who states he is corf- nected with the Earl of Lennox) came to the writer and said his master had been informed by Captain Bourdicq [Borthwick] (who lately called on him) of the conversation which the writer and the captain had had about the Earl, in which the writer had expressed a wish to see the Lennox pedigree. The Earl sent one specifying the advantages he possesses over the House of Arran and its present chiefs. Nesbet also stated that a Scottish gentleman, Master Gaston, had been with the Earl a short time previously, to inform him that the Queen Dowager advised him to take advantage of the present convenient season for the prosecution ot his affairs, and that the Earl had sent to ask this Queen for the same permission to do so as he had under her late sister. 5. The writer admitted that he had talked with Bourdicq on the subject, but he did not know why the Earl should have taken the trouble of sending his pedigree. Nesbit said he was charged to apply 158 to Cecil upon the subject and that he would inform the writer of the issue. He expressed the anxiety of his master to serve the Queen Dowager against the disloyal and ungrateful. house of Arran. 6. When the Earl of Arran was here, the Queen and he made a secret agreement (signed by both), that if she would help him to drive the French out of Scotland, and to be crowned king of that realm, he would admit that he held it of her, would pay her a yearly acknowledgment, and deliver up to her Dumbarton, Dumfries, Dunbar, and Inchkeith. Although this is probably true, the writer cannot believe either that the Scottish Lords would accept such articles or that this Queen would marry anybody. French. 5 pp. [Haynes, p. 213. In extenso.] 584. Philip II. to Queen Elizabeth. 1559, Dec. 24. — Has received her letter of 3 Oct. in which she con- gratulates him upon his safe arrival in Spain. Expresses his great good will and friendship towards her. Does not approve of her determination, expressed in the said letter, of deferring her marriage, and thinks it would be better for herself and her Kingdom, if she would take a consort who might relieve her of those labours which are only fit for men. If she should decide on Charles, Archduke of Austria, Philip's cousin, it would be most pleasing to himself and beneficial to her Kingdom ; and he requests that she would hear the writer's orator upon the subject. Should the matter have affected Philip's only son, he would immediately have set about preparing for his departure, but as it chiefly concerns the Emperor, Philip has written to him upon the subject, in order to avoid all misapprehension. — Toledo, 24 Dec. 1559. Signed : — Philippus. Countersigned : G. Perezius. Latin 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 215. In extenso.~\ 585. John Mydelton to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559, Dec. 29. — You shall understand that lately, I lying here at Antwerp, the Count de Feria sent for me to come to Mechlin to speak with him, who, at my coming thither, did not with a little courtesy welcome me. The next night he sent for me up into his bedchamber, where he talked with me secretly almost an hour. Amongst the rest, he told me that the lady K. [Knollys ?] with her sister were of the Queen's privy chamber and " straytely " looked to. Then he fell into other matters, of the Queen's enriching herself in her coffers and the double impoverishing herself in another way, meaning by the hearts of her subjects, whicli were plucked from her, for that she used no kind of liberality; that the Prince being covetous, and the councillors covetous, seeking more their own private gain than the honour of their country, being void both of liberality and courtesy, misusing and " tromping," with princes, which in the end would turn them some displeasure, if it shall happen to have need of them ; of the preparation that the Queen maketh to the seas, with the number of ships, and the provision of powder and other munition the Queen prepareth both in Antwerp and Germany. He said, that when she had all done, she shall not be able to maintain wars above four months ; the best captains, which being but few in number he rehearsed, naming but two of them to be principal and had knowledge of what belonged to wars, concluding, that a few others there were skilful in leading soldiers, but soldiers of Englishmen no number at all. And to have any from hence, " either of the Spaniards or Dutchmen, they shall be letted ; " for he understood that 159 certain captains of the Spaniards had offered to bring into England 500 harquebussiers if they were sure to be entertained, and a Dutchman called Senor Jon de Loco Novo who offered to bring 3,000 " pystolers " horsemen in like manner. He commanded me, that if I heard of any others that would go, to let him understand it, saying, that the King himself should have occasion to employ their service. " That it were as good reason that the King should aid the French King brother, as the Queen of England to aid a sort Scottish Lutheran rebels." Here is much murmuring against England. He told me that Mr. Drury was in the Tower for conspiring against my Lord Robert, and for being too great with the ambassador. I think I can, betwixt two, guess who doth utter much of the secrets of England ; by a word that escaped unbe- wares, the Count has very great intelligence of the affairs of England. They say here that they know the very secret bowels of England ; of the removing of captains from the Isle of Wight and Portsmouth, with the names of the new ; that Portsmouth is nothing strong, and that a man may gallop his horse up the ditch. Of all the ports and havens he knows them better than I who am born there, enquiring where the best landing place was, with very much suspicious talk. The Count does not think to depart before June or July, unless the King writes contrary commandment. The King with his sister of Portugal are newly sworn to be obedient unto the Inquisition in Spain. On the 10th of this present month there was no Pope chosen in Rome. I did see letters that came from thence of the entertaining of Count Mansfeldt, and what pension the Queen hath given unto him. There is such posting still to and from the Count, as if the King lay there ; he hath told that he hath the King's full authority for all the affairs of this country, although he do not bear the name, and of England also. In France there is proclamation made that the houses where Pro- testants do assemble shall be overthrown and rased up for ever, and the like order is taken in Spain where they take up the bodies, the same that were buried four or five years past — which, by the confession of others, being lately accused that such had conferred with heretics — and burned the said bodies. There is at present great murmuring in Spain amongst those that be condemned to wear a certain kind of coat with a cross, in token that they have been condemned by the Inquisition. The archbishop of Toledo shall do well enough in spite of the arch- bishop of Valladolid, who, with certain friars, for malice conspired against him. After I had tarried three days at the Count's house I asked leave to depart, when he offered that I should save my money and lie at his house free of cost, which I thought it good to refuse, " for though I be an Englishman, yet I do stand upon my honour as well as the Spaniards doth." Then he willed me to be ready within a day's warning, for he thought upon the coming of the post he should have occasion to employ me about the King's service. I must earnestly require you to use secretness herein. — Antwerp, 29 December. P.S. — The French King hath written unto King Philip requiring him to aid him with men and money against the Scots who rebel against him, saying, that the late wars made by his father have so impoverished both him and his realm, that [he] is not able without his brotherly friendship to withstand them. He also sent his ambassador unto the Emperor requiring him to give him leave to levy men in Germany, but the Emperor hath resolutely answered, that unless the King will render Metz with other towns under the Empire, being wrongfully withholden 160 by the said French King, he shall not by his consent levy any men, but rather he will become his enemy and make war against him. King Philip's answer is, that the French King should not be too hasty in making of wars if he may by any other reasonable means appease the same, considering his great poverty ; willing him also with extremity to chastise the great sects of Lutherans that he marvellously rooted in his country, the which being done, he should neither want men or money to withstand his enemies at all* times, but he would join with him and assist him to the uttermost of his power. I fear we shall see Calais and Ardres in the custody of King Philip, I know that there is such a matter in talk and offered by the French King upon certain con- siderations. Endorsed by Cecil ;— 29 Dec. 1559.— Huggvns to W. [Ce.] " See No. 645. 8} pp. 586. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559, 29 Dec. — Advertises him as follows : — Until the horsemen arrive at Newcastle he cannot well take in hand any exploit into Scot- land ; it will be the 30th before they can arrive. Orders have been given to certain shires to time the arrival of the footmen together. Those that are gone are to be victualled at less expense than those nigh the border. Meanwhile the men shall be trained and taught to use their weapons. As for money to prest to them beforehand, though Valentine Brown is ready to depart, yet considering the carriage will take time, she advises him to borrow 700/. or 800/. of some Newcastle merchants for 15 days, or eise let the treasurer of Berwick forbear, if he can, some payment there, and imprest such sum to the captains. Meanwhile he is to confer with Sir Ralph Sadler whether it be not sufficient aid to the Scots if the Queen's ships be in the Frith and prevent the entry of French succours; which they shall do rather of themselves than to declare any open hostility. For further aid upon land some good English captains are secretly t o depart, to lead their men, and some vessel fraught with powder, small field ordnance and shot, to be colourably taken by the Scotchmen in the Frith, either on Lothian side or Fife side, and some gunners, &c. And they are to give them such further aid as may serve their turn to expel the French, and yet not to have any open hostility shown on her part at first; as although the French give her just occasion, yet certain respects cause her to forbear for one or two months. This conference need not delay the preparation of things accorded upon. The day of assembling being prolonged, he is not to take into pay any more officers or soldiers than may be requisite to put things into order for that day. The Council orders that Sir G. Howard, and the rest who ought to depart home, shall not make such haste, but be there about 25 January. When service begins it is very chargeable, so it is meet it be not overcharged before. William Winter at his departure had not his full complement of men and some may hap to be sick ; he is to give order that the lack may be supplied upon that shore near Ber- wick ; and also so " to use his doing in impeaching of French succours, as the same may appear to come of himself, and not by any direction." P.S. — Since writing the above the Queen has commanded the horse and foot that have not departed to be rather put in readiness to set forward upon warning from her or Norfolk than upon a certain day. Kil Desires first to hear from him of the state of things there and of the arrival of victual and munition which was sent by ship. Endorsed : — 29 December 155b». Cecil's draft with many interlineations and erasures. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 217. In extenso. ,] 586«. Report of Discount Montague to the Queen of his conver- sation with [Gaspar Pregnor], the Emperor's Ambassador. [1559, Dec.]—* * * * The Emperor * * # no further to molest the Queen touching the marriage of his son, wherewith, he said, the Queen was also well pleased and had said that it pleased her no less to be rid of the importunity of the Ambassador in that suit than before she was glad to be rid of the motion of the King of Spain for him- self. Yet the Ambassador will in no wise fail the Queen and realm in any other friendship, but therein he mindeth not to travel but esteems it finished and forgotten. Demanded whether this advertise- ment were sent to him or were rumours brought to him, he said as before, it was assuredly true, and that the Count of Helfenstein remained but to treat of the Easterlings' privileges. "I said I assuredly knew your Majesty [the Queen] did always esteem that motion of Charles of Austria as most honourable, and thought yourself much beholden to the Emperor for his goodwill therein ; but forasmuch as marriage is the ordinance of God, your Majesty not finding disposition as yet to marry, would not seem to give comfort to such a prince in a matter you were not resolved in. 'The Queen,' quoth he, 'at the first seemed to like the offer, after, less ; and lastly, did refuse the coming of Charles of Austria.' ' Therein,' said I, 'she did well and honourably consider not to grant the coming of such a prince, whom after her Highness might happen not to like.' He protested he spake not as an ambassador but as a well wisher to the Queen and the realm. For his own opinion he never wished the Arch- Duke to marry there or elsewhere, considering the number of children his brother hath. ' But now,' said he, ' this matter ended, I wish the Queen well guarded both with, friends and other sureties, lest perhaps more peril be toward her than she doth know of.' ' I trust,' said I, ' the Emperor will know no peril towards the Queen, but he will admonish her Highness thereof.' 6 No,' quoth he, ' I assure you the Emperor's Am- bassador knoweth nothing hereof, that I can tell, neither do I, nor can I anything say herein either as an Ambassador or from him, whereby it might seem the Emperor is minded indirectly to put fear to the Queen without cause, other than to serve his purpose in that which now he intendeth not. And therefore,' quoth he, ' with this protestation, I will impart unto you that which before God I know to be true, and that I have at no mean hands, but worthy credit. Though it appertain not to mine office here, and I am presently to depart home, yet for the love aforesaid, I cannot but say unto you that the Queen and all England is in no small peril, yea and the very person of the Queen. I would say more if I might, but by I may not, and therefore require it not of me.' < Signify unto me,' said I, ' or to the Queen by any mean which way this peril doth grow to her Majesty's realm and chiefly her person.' He said he would. ' And for the first,' quoth he, ' there hath been talks and devices in no small places for dividing Scotland and England. For the person of the Queen's Majesty, I know it hath been offered and is that she shall be slain, which offer of both, how they have been taken, I know not, but sure I am, they have been made. Wherefore if the Queen presently foresee not this peril, she will be undone and the realm con- o 84066. L 162 founded.' * Sir,' said I, ' you meant not to impart this to me to hide from the Queen.' ' No/ quoth he, 'so it be in order, which is neither to take these words spoken as by an ambassador nor by appointment, but only (God I take to record) knowing the same and wishing well to the realm ; nor yet to publish the same to many, but such of her Council as might with wisdom foresee the danger.' After such talks given as the adver- tisement deserved, I said this terrible tale advertised to the Queen without knowledge of some men, whereby the danger may be particu- larly avoided, must needs be troublesome to lier Highness, and therefore if it be possible add this much more, not only to give warning of an enemy but also to show which way he cometh. ' Then,' quoth he, 6 she will easily judge by this much of the rest and more he might not tell.' I said again, ' Yet you that know this peril are able to give your good advice.' ' That is not my part,' quoth he, ' but because you ask me this much I say of myself, it behoveth the Queen in any wise to please the King of Spain and lose him by no mean ; to be temperate in those matters which may and do offend him ; lastly to have fidele satellitium for the guard of her person.' He said the rumour was great that your Majesty had consented to the death of the French King, and his wife, and the moving of the rebellion in France, which did much exasperate all who believed it. 1 answered that the thing was so fake that I thought there needed none other means to discredit such persons that the making such bruits." 3 pp., with blanks passim, some supplied by Cecil. [Haynes, p. 233. In extenso.~\ 587. Considerations delivered to the Parliament, 1559. 1559, 1. Vagabonds. — That the statute 1 Edward VI. chap, iii., concern- ing idle persons and vagabonds being made slaves now repealed be revived, with additions. 2. Labourers and servants. — That the statutes 12 Richard II. chap, iii., " that no servant or labourer at the end of his term depart out of the " hundred or place where he dwells &c," and 13 Richard II. chap, viii., ordering the justices at every session to appoint by proclamation the wages of workers, &c. be confirmed, with the addition ' that no man here- after receive into service any servant without a testimonial from the master he last dwelt with, sealed with a parish seal kept by the constable or churchwarden, witnessing he left with the free licence of his master, penalty 10/.' So, by the heed of the masters, servants maybe reduced to obedience, which shall reduce obedience to the Prince and to God also ; by the looseness of the times no other remedy is left but by awe of law to acquaint men with virtue again, whereby the reformation of religion may be brought in credit, with the amendment of manners, the want whereof hath been imputed as a thing grown by the liberty of the Gospel, &c. 3. Husbandry.— -That the statutes 4 Henry VII. chap. 9, " for re-edifying houses of husbandry and to avoid the decay of towns and villages," and 5 Edward VI. chap. 5, " for maintenance of husbandry and tillage," be put in execution. 4. Purchase of lands.— No husbandman, yeoman, or artificer to pur- chase above 51. by the year of inheritance ; no clothier, tanner, or common butcher above 10/. a year, save in cities, towns, and boroughs for their better repair ; one mansion house only to be purchased over and above the said yearly value. The common purchasing thereof is the ground of dearth of victuals, raising of rents, &c. 163 5. Merchants. — No merchant to purchase above 50/. a year of inherit- ance, except aldermen and sheriffs of London who, because they approach to the degree of knighthood, may purchase to the value of 200/. 6. Apprentices. — None to be received apprentice except his father spends 40s. a year of freehold, nor to be apprenticed to a merchant except his father spend 10/. a year of freehold, or be descended from a gentle- man or merchant. Through the idleness of those professions so many embrace them that they are only a cloak for vagabonds and thieves, and there is such a decay of husbandry that masters cannot get skilful servants to till the ground without unreasonable wages, &c. 7. Schoolmasters. — None under the degree of baron to keep any schoolmaster in his house to teach children, for it is the decay of the universities and common schools. 8. Education of the nobility. — That an ordinance be made to bind the nobility to bring up their children in learning at some university in England or beyond the sea from the age of 12 to 18 at least ; and that one- third of all the free scholarships at the universities be filled by the poorer sort of gentlemen's sons. The wanton bringing up and ignorance of the nobility forces the Prince to advance new men that can serve, which for the most part neither affecting true honour, because the glory thereof descended not to them, nor yet the common wealth (through coveting to be hastily in wealth and honour), forget their duty and old estate and subvert the noble houses to have their rooms themselves, &c. 9. That none study the laws, temporal or civil, except he be im- mediately descended from a nobleman or gentleman, for they are the entries to rule and government, and generation is the chiefest foundation of inclination , 10. That the statutes 3 Henry IV. chap. 9, and 3 Henry VII. chap. 8, for keeping gold and silver and for increase of the commodities of the realm, ordaining that any merchant stranger bringing in merchandise sell it within three months and employ the money therefor received in England by exchange upon the commodities of the realm, &c« ; and the statute 1 Richard III. chap. 9, that no stranger host or sojourn with a stranger of another country, be revived and executed. The Italians above all other to be taken heed of, for they in all times pass to go to and fro everywhere and for themselves serve all princes at once, and with their perfumed gloves and wanton presents, and gold enough to boot if need be, work what they list and lick the fat even from our beards. 11. Haberdashers' wares. — That the statute 3 Edward IV. chap. 4, ordaining that no merchant, English or stranger, bring into the realm caps, pins, points, dice, gilt stirrups, &c, be revived ; for they are not only false and deceitful wares, rather serving for the gaze than any good use, but for such trilles they lilch from us the chief and substantial staple wares of the realm, whese the people might be better employed in making them, if we will needs have them, and then for our precious commodities we shall receive things of price again. 12. Wines. — That the statute 40 Edward III. ch. 8, be revived, ordain- ing that no Englishman fetch or buy any wines in Gascony or France, but have them brought into the realm by Gascons for the profit of the realm. For they are not able to live two years together without making their vent hither, and we are well able to forbear their wines for ever, whereby our fine gold being yearly 100,000/. at the least which is carried into France by Englishmen shall be kept still within the realm, L 2 164 and wo shall rule the price alike of our commodities and their wines, and so make the French King " afeard " to break friendship with us, &c. 13. Stillyard.— -That the Queen's Highness in no wise restore to the Stillyard their liberties, for they not only intercepted much of the English merchants' trade, but by concealment of strangers' goods robbed the Queen of customs 10,000 marks a year at least, which was so sweet to them that, as some of them confess, they gained in Queen Mary's time amongst solicitors above 10,000/. in bribes. 14. Staple. — That the staple be removed from Middleburg, where it is now newly erected, into England, as it was removed from Calais into England in the 14th year of Richard II. and kept in places appointed by the statute 27 Edward III. ch. 1, which will be for the reparation and main- tenance of the havens and ports of the realm, without the Queen's charge, which now that Calais is gone is chiefly to be looked to, and also for the increase of custom. To have it out of the realm is for the profit of the Staplers and of the Prince where they keep their staple. But rather than the reformation should come to pass the Staplers will shrine some solicitors in gold to tnke upon them to abuse the Queen. Merchants have grown so cunning in the trade of corrupting, and found it so sweet, that since the 1 Henry "VIII. there could never be won any good law or order which touched their liberty or state ; but they stayed it, either in the Commons or higher House of Parliament or else by the Prince him- self, with either le roy non veut or le roi s'advisera, and if they get the Prince to be advised they give him leave to forget it altogether. 16. Licences. — That the Queen be pleased after the example of the law 21 Richard II. ch. 17, to establish that no special licences be granted to carry out of the realm any staple wares, victuals, or other commodities ; if any hereafter happen to be granted the same to be void. The Prince is thereby abused of his revenue, corruption full fed, the authority and diligence of Parliament disgraced, &c. 17. Bankrupts. — That bankruptcy be made felony, and bankrupts' goods and lands sold and divided among their creditors after the statute 34 Henry VIII. ch. — , provided that if all his creditors join in peti- tion for his pardon he have it allowed for the first time. Where a poor thief doth steal a sheep or pick a purse, they come away with hundreds and thousands at least, and undo a great many honest men. 18. Perjury. — Perjuries of juries to be punished by attaint as it was at common law before the statute. 19. Iron Mills. — That iron mills be banished out of the realm. Where wood was formerly sold at the stock at Id. the load, by reason of the iron mills it is now at 2s. the load. Formerly Spanish iron was sold for 5 marks the ton, now there are iron-mills English iron is sold it 91. 20. Sugar. — That no sugar be made within the realm, for it is counterfeit and unwholesome ; and that none be brought into the realm but pure and simple as it cometh out of the cane. Where before it was sold at 4d. the lb., it is now at 14c/. the lb. 21. Sheriffs. — None to be sheriff of more than one shire at once; his undersheriff to be resident in his house to answer for his defaults; &c. 22. Leather and shoes. — That provision be made for the price of leather and shoes. A pair of shoes within this half year was at 12e£, and now at 20c?. and 2s. The remedy to be had by calling a convenient number of the most skilful tanners, curriers and shoemakers, each sort apart, before the Queen's Council. 165 23. That the Queen be pleased not to remit any money penalty, after the example of Plenty VII., "for thereby he did enrich himself without exacting of his people, kept law and justice in remembrance, aud was both loved and feared." 24. Navy. — If any object against the articles aforesaid touching wine and merchandise, that they will decay the navy, it may be answered that England was never in so great wealth and strength both by sea and land as when those laws were observed; there are new navigations since found out, which will alone maintain as great a navy, e.g., those to Guinea, to Barbary, to Muscovy, yea, the navigation into Flanders, Antwerp, and Spain, was not then half so much used as now; besides, there may be still a course into France for their woad, salt, and canvas, though if the law made for sowing hemp and flax were executed and provision made for growing woad and madder in the realm, as by some men's diligence it is already practised, which growth is here found better than that from beyond the seas, we should not need to seek into France for it. Besides Flanders has enough ; no country robbeth England so much as France. 25. Fishing. — Let the old course of fishing be maintained by the straitest observation of fish days, for policy sake ; so the sea coasts shall be strong with men and habitations and the fleet flourish more than ever. Endorsed : — " Considerable in Parliament, 1559." 8 pp. 588. The Second Device for the Scottish Queen. 1559. — Illuminated coat of arms, headed: — " Thys is the Seconde Arche whych Shalbe in the Tryumph of The Maryage of the -Kynge of Spayne and the dowghter of The French Kynge." Endorsed by Cecil : — " 1559. The second devise for y e Scott. Q. to use y e armes of England." I p. 589. Eecusants in Suffolk. [1559]. — Names of recusants in various parishes in the county of Suffolk. The following is the entry as to Wingfield : — Henry Jerningham, Esquire, and his wife, come neither to church nor com- munion there ; his child was baptized by the Lady Beddingfield's priest. Mr. John Baker, steward of his house, cometh not to church. Durham, his schoolmaster, persuaded the old Lady Jerningham, that for receiving the communion she had damned herself." — Undated. Endorsed by Cecil : — " Suffolk. — Persons recusants." 5 pp. 590. Sir Edwd. Bogers to Sir Wm. Cecil. [1559]. — For delivering 32 oz. of gold for a Collar and George for the Lord Marquis of Northampton. 591. The Queen's Instructions for Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. [1559-60, Jan. 9.] — 1. You shall make all haste to return to our good brother the French King, and with the delivery of our letters require him to bear with your absence, being yourself so uecessarily occasioned by sickness of your wife, that you could not have departed sooner from hence. 166 2. You shall say, that where we understand there be others named to succeed in place of the hostages here with us, we are pleased to authorise you to consider the estates of such as shall be named ; and for your proceeding herein, you shall do your best to understand the qualities, degrees, and especially the " valours " of the livelihood of the persons named, and if any shall appear insufficient, you shall rather pretend an ignorance thereof than otherwise, and allege for excuse that you cannot attain to the knowledge of the same, and so find means to have some other in place. Indeed, we could be content to have the Vidame D'Amises rather than any other for him, and the rest to be like him in " valour." 3. Because we think the sending of our cousin of Norfolk to the north as our lieutenant, and certain ships witli victual and munition to Berwick, is not unknown, we have thought meet to inform you of the whole, and to use the utterance thereof as you can see. True it is that we have done these things, and although these preparations be very chargeable unto us, yet, considering the occasions be given us by the proceedings of our said brother, both in Scotland, in France, and on the seas, between those realms, we cannot forbear to prefer our surety before charges, but would wish such occasions brought not with them so great doubt of evil meaning towards us as they do. And, if the King or any of his Council shall require to know the occasions of doubt, you may say, that such as we do consider, be better known to them there, for indeed for our part we have observed none but such as all the world seeth and observeth, and so you may defer the matter, but yet in the end, after some pause, indirectly you may say, the world is not ignorant of the great injuries offered to us there in France, by taking our arms, our style, and title, so many manner of ways, by using seals and com- missions into Scotland at this present, with the arms of England and the style of England and Ireland. But as all these and suchlike things be outward arguments of inward meanings, yet comparing therewith the sequel of these hostile preparations sent with all this haste towards our north parts by Scotland, there cannot be any excuse or pretence made, but that of mere necessity we are occasioned with convenient speed to put our realm in strength and defence. And in this point you may show the continual sending of all things requisite for great wars into Scotland, besides the amassing men of war in all places, and, you may say, it is too evident that the matter of Scotland doth no wise require a fourth part of this preparation, being indeed their cause such as it is reported, that either by granting to the nobility their liberty to remain in their due obedience, with preservation of liberties of the realm, all the troubles may cease, or else with a mean power they may be soon reduced to good order. The proof whereof appeareth by the Queen Dowager's proceedings there, that, with a small number, of late defeated the. whole power of Scots, driving them from Ediuburgh, so as the more part of the realm remaineth already at her devotion. And if they shall reply, that they must chastise their rebels, and that they will therefore double their forces, you may say, that whether they be rebels or no you cannot much dispute, but this you have heard, that the nobility of Scot- land have by clivers means delivered their estate unto our ministers upon the borders, and plainly shewed that their standing at their defence hath been but to preserve the Crown and dignity of the realm for their sovereign lady the Queen, being married out of the realm, and having yet no issue of her body; and that the Queen Dowager there seeks nothing more, than by force to have the strength of the realm in her hands, out of the possession of such as had the same committed to them 107 by Act of Parliament for the use of the Queen and the realm. And further also, the extirpation of the nobility there, and hath so many ways oppressed the realm by violation of their liberties, and impoverish- ing of the people thereof, they have been forced to assemble themselves as the principal states of the realm, and to see to the governance of the same, for the use of their sovereign lady and the common weal of the realm jointly. All which things, you may say, have made means that, now in the absence of their sovereign Queen, we would take the pro- tection of that realm into our hands, to this only end, that it be not conquered. That hitherto we have forborne to intermeddle, and so would gladly continue, without any regard to their doings, were it not that upon consideration of the injurious attempts, as have been already shown in France divers ways against us, and the hostility prepared thereupon, we find no small danger ensuing to our realm if the realm of Scotland should be conquered, as appeareth is meant by the men of war now in Scotland, being presently occupied with besieging Edinburgh Castle, and by the daily increase of more powers. Finally, if they shall ask whether we mean indeed to aid the Scots or no, you may assure them, that at your departure hence no such thing was meant, but this you think of yourself, that if any such attempt will be made by the French there, as shall [ The " Instructions " terminate abruptly here, the manuscript being imperfect, and having been bound up by mistake with some Instructions to Sir Guido Cavalcanti (No. 565).] Copy. Imperfect. 4 pp. [See State Papers, Foreign, 1559-60, No. 567.] 592. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 10— Has received Her Majesty's letters of the 30th December, and also Cecil's of the 31st. Perceiving Her Majesty's pleasure that the horsemen and footmen should be stayed for a time, and also that they should be so placed that they may be victualled without expending such victual as is provided near the Borders, gives him to understand that, before his arrival here, sixteen hundred foot- men of the first appointed number had passed the town, and were quartered in various towns and villages in Northumberland, where they remain, and are victualled in the country without expending any of Her Majesty's provision. Such others as have arrived since his coming he has stayed and quartered in the neighbourhood, giving their captains instructions to have them well trained in the use of their weapons. For money for their provision and victual, he has borrowed five hundred pounds from the merchants of Berwick to be repaid in ten days, for the treasurer of that town has scarcely sufficient to pay his garrisons. Trusts Cecil will see that his credit is not impaired. As he is restrained by his instructions from employing any part of the treasure to be brought by Valentine Browne on any of the said garrisons of Berwick, to which no less than nine or ten thousand pounds are due at present, must needs state his opinion that, if the intended exploit into Scotland takes place, the services of the said garrisons will be most meet and necessary for the purpose, for they are well trained, and for the most part old soldiers, and as he understands, especially skilled in Harque- buserie; and if their service is to be used they must needs have payment, whereof he prays him to have some consideration, and to let him know Her Majesty's pleasure therein. He also conferred with Sir Ralph Sadleir touching the expulsion of the French in the manner 168 expressed in Her Majesty's letters. As the French have abandoned Edinburgh, and seem to make little account of Leith, having left only- two or three ensigns there, and having now also (as they understand) left Stirling and entered into Fife, as appears by a letter of Sir James Crofts to the said Sir Ralph, till it may appear what they intend to do, it is hard to devise how Her Majesty may best aid the Scots. In the meantime, if Her Majesty's Navy were arrived in the Frith it might minister unto them great aid and comfort, both in the impeachment of the French succours and otherwise. How the aid rendered to them may be so coloured as not to be construed into a plain breach of the peace, and taken for open hostility, he doubts not Cecil will be able to judge, and also to discern what the sequel thereof is likely to be. Cecil will also perceive by the letter of the said Sir James how La Marque is distressed by certain Scottishmen and carried to the Duke of Chastelherault. [Postscript.] — Forasmuch as he finds the town and country here- abouts far out of order in matters of religion, " the aultars still standing in the churches, contrarye to the Quene's Majistie's proceedings ; " it would be well that Her Majesty's Commission should be addressed to the Bishop of Durham and such others as shall be thought meet, autho- rising them to see these matters reformed. And whereas Sir F. Leeke is appointed to serve here with a band of 400 soldiers, judging him to be a wise man, and of good experience of the country, prays that he may be authorised to employ him about Her Majesty's affairs. Finds great comfort in the presence* and advice of Sir Ralph Sadleir, and also in his " perfecte and greate good freendship." Mr. John Fitzwilliams, whensoever he cometh, shall not be unwelcome. \Duke of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 1. Haynes, p. 220. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.] 593. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Jan. 10. — I. Notwithstanding her former prohibition he is to pay out of the 16,000/. brought by Valentine Browne the wages of such of the ordinary bands of Berwick as are by him appointed to voyage with Lord Grey; as to the rest, money shall with all speed be provided to pay them till Dec. 20. 2. Sir Henry Percy appointed to the charge of Tay mouth, vice Sir — Hilton, is to have his charges therein considered and discharged. As to the tithes there, when the lease expires at Lady day it is to be let only to the keeper of the house, not away from him ; and so with the demesnes thereof, the lease of which the Queen means to have redeemed for the use of the house. Cecils minute. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 220. In extenso.] 594. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 11. — Sends herewith letters from Sir James Crofts to Sir Ralph Sadlier, with others addressed to them by the Earl of Arran and Lord James Stuart, by which he will understand the doings between the French and those in Fife, and their great desire to have relief at our hands. On his part thinks it should not be denied to them, but rather that it were good to devise how to comfort them with some convenient sums of money until the ships do arrive, whereof as yet they hear nothing. Has therefore thought it good punctually to license Sir 169 Ralph Sadleir to go to Berwick for the accomplishment and expedition of the same as the case shall require. And if the Earl of Huntly will take part with them, as by their said letters it seemeth he will do, it is thought the matter will take much better effect. Prays to be advertised with all speed what shall be thought meet and convenient to be done further in this behalf. [Duke of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 2. Haynes, p. 222. In extenso, .] 595. The Queen to the Ddke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Jan. 11.— As the French, in marching to Stirling and entering Fife, either misl iking the strength of Leith, seek a place in Fife of greater strength, or mean to assail the Earl of Arran and Lord James, who are in Fife separated from the rest of the power of Scot- land ; and as it would be a great furtherance to put 500 arquesbusiers out of Berwick aboard to aid the protestants of Fife, he is to take counsel with Sir Ralph Sadler, and, if it appear advantageous, to give order for the same, making it appear to be for arming the navy against any chance. Wm. Winter should have the landing of them where need shall require, adding such of his own numbers as he can spare. The Queen's ships have been stayed by contrary winds. So be the French. Martyges is driven by weather into Denmark, and 1,000 Frenchmen lost by tempest in Zealand ; the Marquis de Boeuf blown back into Dieppe with 9 ships of 11. God is pleased the French pur- poses should not so speedily be accomplished as their meaning is. The Queen presently gives order that the horsemen appointed to serve there shall be in readiness at Newcastle by the 10th of February. Cecil's draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 223. In extenso.] 596. The Lords of the Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Jan. [13]. — A servant of the Earl of Lennox, named Nesbitt, came here with letters from his master to the Secretary, to the effect that he had received letters from the Bishop of Caithness, his brother, out of Scotland, by one Gaston, a gentleman of that country, advising him to set forward his old right and claim there ; he there- fore required licence from the Queen to send thither from time to time to practise with his friends there. The Secretary communicated this to the Council, as a matter of no small moment, considering the French practices in the same points ; and they, having understood that Nesbitt repaired secretly to the French Ambassador here in London, called him [Nesbitt] before them. He confessed his master had re- quired the Ambassador to write to the Dowager of Scotland in his [the Earl's] favour and that he should be privy to his proceedings here. Seeing this to be very dangerous we have committed the party to the Tower, where he shall be further examined, and have advertised the Earl thereof, as appears by copy of our letter enclosed, which send on to him without appearing to him or to his wife to have any knowledge of the cause, signifying that with other letters to us the same was also sent to be delivered to him. This information shall cause you to be more vigilant on all the frontiers, East, Middle, and West, that no Scottish - man be permitted to come or go. The French maintain no small 170 practice in setting up this matter of the Earl of Lennox "to reserve to themselves a quarrellose oilence," therefore the son and heir of t lie said Earl is better in Scotland than elsewhere. Endorsed : — January 1 559. Cecil's draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 219. In extenso. Another draft in State Papers, Scotland.] 597. The Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Jan. 15.- -The Queen understands, by his last letters with those included from the Earl of Arran and Lord James, the dangerous estate of the said Lords and their power in Fife. The most present remedy, the navy, is hindered by contrary winds. Her Majesty means that the French should not have their wills in Fife, and would have Norfolk look to it speedily (as he has already by sending Sir Ralph Sadler to Berwick) and devise means for relieving the said Lords. As ships are lacking, it must be with aid of money, unless he shall see meet otherwise. The Council cannot so well resolve as he, but all think the Scottish power should not be overcome, considering they shall have aid as soon as possible, as he will best understand by the Queen's letters sent by the Lord of Brinaston [Brunston]. From Westminster, 15 January 1559. Cecil's draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 224. In extenso.] 598. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 18. — Has received her Majesty's letters, and also Cecil's of the 11th instant. Having before determined to repair to this town to see the fortifications, has, upon his arrival here, conferred with Sir R„ Sadleir and Sir James Crofts concerning these affairs, by whom he understands that, as they have learned by their espials, the French still remain in Fife and lie in Kinghorn and Burnt Island, and are so straight holden in by the Protestants, who have had sundry skirmishes with them, that they dare not adventure far into the iand of Fife, nor can they come by any victuals there, but such as they have are carried over to them in boats from Leith. The Earl of Arran and Lord James Stuart do herein sustain great travail and expenses, and as they understand, have challenged the French to battle, which they have refused. Whereupon the said Sir Ralph and Sir James have written to them to comfort them with the coming of the Queen's ships, and to advise them in no wise to hazard any battle without appearance of good advantage, and have also offered to relieve their charges with some con- venient portion of money if they will arrange for the safe conveyance of the same. They also understand for certainty that Martigues is arrived at Leith, and not more than eighty or a hundred with him of his own train and family ; and after his landing the ship in which he arrived, being in the road in the Frith, was in the night season taken by the Protes- tants and carried (as it is thought) to St. Andrew's or Dundee, or some other port thereabouts. This feat was performed by one Andrew Sands, a merchant, who is a great Protestant. In the ship is great plenty of armour, much of \v r hich is gilt, and also artillery, munition, and powder, and certain jewels, and some think also a great mass of treasure, " which they wish to be trowe." They hear not yet of Mr. Winter, nor of her Majesty's ships, but on their arrival think it expedient to furnish them with five hundred " Harquebuttiers " to the intent that, being in 171 the Frith, they may set some good number ashore to join with the Protestants, which is thought here will not only much encourage and comfort them, but also is like to cause the French to retire again to Leith, or at least, if they intend to fortify on the other side of the water, be a means to hinder their purpose. [Postscript.] — Whereas he lately recommended Mr. Tempest for the appointment of sheriff in the County Palatine of Durham, to which he has received no answer, begs to put Cecil in remembrance of the same, fearing that his letter may have miscarried. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 2. Haynes, p. 224. In extenso. Orig. i?i State Papers, Foreign.] 599. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 20. — On Thursday last the Lord Brunston arrived here with the Queen's letters and Cecil's of the 13th instant, and also the answers by Lethington to such questions as were proponed to him by the Lords of the Council. As their doings must in great measure depend on the proceedings of the Protestants, and on their readiness to join them in the field as occasion shall require, will in the meantime omit nothing that may tend to the making ready of such force as hath been before determined, without putting her Majesty to more charge than is necessary. Yesterday, despatched from hence the said Lord Brunston, whom, because the passage through Lothian is very difficult, he was forced to send by Carlisle, and despatched a special man with him to Lord Dacre, by whom he would be conveyed to the Master of Maxwell, where he would then be out of all danger. Has required the said Brunston to hasten hither such of the nobility of Scotland as shall come to confer with them respecting these affairs, till which time they can mnke no certain resolu- tions of their purposes. Has also sent, " by the said speciall man," instructions to Lord Dacre to confer with the Master of Maxwell and to give him good countenance, and " staie the Borders," according to Cecil's advertisement. Yesterday, there arrived a Herald of Arms sent to him by the Queen Dowager of Scotland to complain of the taking of La Marque, whom she supposes to have been taken within the bounds of Berwick, whereas he was really taken in Scotland; and also of the staying of a French ship at Newcastle which was but a feigned matter and no such thing occurred in deed. Answered the said Herald accord- ingly, who he thinks was rather sent hither to espy and hearken to their doing than for any special matter. They hear nothing yet of Winter nor of her Majesty's navy, nor of the provision for grain, whereof there is great lack, and will be greater. [Postscript.] — One Robert Boss has arrived here with a letter in cipher from the Earl of Arran and Lord J ames Stuart which he sends herewith. By him they are informed that the said Lords lie with five hundred horse three miles from the French, whom they have hitherto holden in so straightly that they dare not wander far from the waterside. The purpose of the French is, as he saith, to take St. Andrews and fortify themselves there, which the said Lords mean to hinder to the uttermost of their power. Their great hope, however, lies in the arrival of our ships, the sight of which in the Frith would double their courage and, cause a great number to rise and take part with them who now sit 172 still. Sir Ralph Sadleir and Sir James Crofts have written to them to encourage and entreat them to stand fast, copies of whose letters he sends herewith. [D. of Norfolk* s Letter Book,îo\. 2, d. Haynes, p. 225. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland!] 600. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 22. — In fulfilment of his promise made before his departure from London gives his opinions on the site of Berwick, which he finds to be by nature " marvelous unapte to be fortyfied. without greate pay ne, travaile, and industrye." Finds that what has been begun of the works has been carried on by Mr. Lee with great diligence, and is " as muche as any man with so lytell chardge coulde bringe to passe." The work must now be finished at whatever cost, though it were better it had never been begun, for if the town were to be defended in its present state their lack of completion would render the fortifications rather an annoyance to the defenders than any strength or succour ; and yet, if the enemy should prevail, they might in a short time be put into such a strong condition that the recovery thereof would cost many a broken head. There is one point respecting which, if there be any one about the court or elsewhere especially skilled in fortification, he would be glad that he should be sent hither to give an opinion, as it admits of many weighty reasons for and against. That is, "whether it be more expedient to have that side of the old towne next to the haven cut off awey, wherein consisteth all the Queen's storehouses and the best houses of the towne ; or else to fortyfye the old wall, and by that means to save all the houses." The reasons on both sides are so great that he himself can judge nothing. One way must needs be agreed upon shortly, and Sir R. Lee will, he dares say, call upon Cecil fast enough, for his own discharge sake. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 4. Haynes, p. 228. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.] 601. Instructions for Lord Grey of Wilton. 1559-60, Jan. 23. — 1. According to the authority given him by letters patent whereby he is constituted Warden of the East and Middle Marches, he shall repair to his charge and see the same governed according to the ancient orders of the Borders. 2. At his arrival he shall confer with Norfolk on the state of Scotland, and in what case the French be ; the danger the realm is in of being subdued by the French, and by what means it may be best preserved in obedience to the Queen of Scots without danger of subduing the same ; also what danger is tending to the realm of Scotland by the French proceedings ; also how the number of horsemen and footmen that are ordered to be at Newcastle by the 1st Feb. shall be put in speedy order, if it be found necessary to remove the French from endangering the realm ; and in the meantime as the horsemen arrive, orders should be given to teach them to use their lances and pistols. 3. He shall consider whether the danger to the conquest of Scotland be more or less by the French sending their force into Fife beyond the Frith. 173 4. He shall on all points endeavour himself to obey the authority of the Lieutenant-General, who in all martial cases will use the advice of the Lord Warden. 5. He shall place a good keeper in Tyndale, and reduce it to better order. 6. He shall favour and encourage all borderers who are disposed to take part in the liberty of Scotland against the French ; and show the reverse to those that neglect it ; and in all other things he is to follow the tenor of his Commission, and such commandments as he shall receive from the Lord Lieutenant. 7. If the Lord Lieutenant shall perceive th»t upon the only demon- stration of the English power by sea and land, the Scots shall be able to expel the French, then the same shall be prosecuted without any manifestation or hostility by the English ; but if they cannot do it of themselves nor by probability it shall appear possible to be done by the power of England appointed, then the matter shall be prosecuted by the power of England, but they shall stay the Queen's advertisement. But if it shall appear that England, being joined with the Scots, be able to deliver Scotland from the French, then the Lord Lieutenant shall do his best to expedite the matter. Endorsed : — 23 Jan. 1559. Cecil's draft. S pp. [Haynes, p. 229. In extenso.] 602. The Duke of Norfolk and Sir Ralph Sadleir to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 23. — Yesternight on his arrival in this town from Berwick found here one Holstocke, captain of the " Swallowe," by whom he understands that on Sunday the 14th inst. Mr. Winter with fourteen men of war and seventeen other ships laden with munition, armour, and artillery were all together at Lowestoft Road ; and the same night the said Mr. Winter, leaving two of the fourteen as w wafters " to the seventeen loaded with munition, took the seas with the other twelve. On Monday morning he was off Flamborough Head, whence he was driven by stress of w r eather to put back into the Humber mouth. On Tuesday he put to sea again, and on Friday, having been separated from the others by violent weather, Captain Holstocke, in the Swallowe," and two others in the " Fawcon " and " Gerfawcon " came into Tynmouth. Admiral Winter with seven ships was certainly, as Holstock was advertised, on Thursday night off Bamborough Castle, and he himself saw them on Saturday morning before Berwick. Thereupon gave orders to Sir James Crofts for the embarking of five or six hundred Harquebuts and also for the instruction of Mr. Winter how to behave himself on his arrival in the Frith. [Postscript.] — Has received letters from Sir James Crofts and Mr. Winter which he sends herewith, and will take order for supplying the wants of the navy and for their furniture and re-inforcement with as much expedition as possible. Hears nothing as yet of any of the ships with the provision of grain, of which there will be great lack if thev arrive not shortly. Begs Cecil also to hasten his Commission of " Oyer and Determyner." [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 3, d. Haynes, p. 227. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 174 603. The Duke of Norfolk and Sir Ralph Sadlejr to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 24. — Has received Cecil's letters of the 20th Jan. with such others as came from the Lords and others of the Council. By the first he understands that Cecil doubts the arrival of the horsemen by the first of February; and also u howe gladd the Quene's Majesté wold be that the Scotts wold expell the French of themselfs, without their oppen aide"; and thirdly that some doubts are expressed whether this con- troversy between the French and the Scots be not "a traîne to betrappe us." With regard to the first point, considering the time that will be required to make the necessary provision, he judges that if the horsemen arrive before the 5th of February, they will come in good time to serve the purpose. As to the second, Cecil may be sure that if the Scots had been able to expel the French of themselves, they would not now be requiring our aid. And considering how far her Majesty hath proceeded with them, and in what hope they stand of her Majesty's aid, which hath been so assuredly promised unto them, he cannot see how the same can now be stayed without some dishonour, and also great danger to both these realms. For the third point, he sees no reason to maintain such an opinion, considering the enmity and daily hostility between the French and the Protestants is so manifest ; which is so rooted and confirmed by the shedding of their blood on both sides, that he cannot think they would make any such " traine to betrappe us." Finally, whether the French purpose to repair to St. Andrews or to return to Leith they have no certainty, but it is thought impossible for them to keep both, and there is some conjecture that they will return to Leith ; but thinks that now, on the arrival of our ships in the Frith, their determination will be made apparent. If the French should remain in Fife it would be easy to surprise Leith, but does not see what could be done with it, as it could not be fortified without much time and expense ; and besides, thinks it would be unwise to occupy any part of Scotland lest the Scots should mislike it and fear our conquest as now they do the French. Has received a packet of letters from Sir J as. Crofts, addressed to him by the Earl of Arran and the Lord James, one of which is in cipher. Sends them herewith together with the decipher. [ D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 4, d. Haynes, p. 230. In extenso, Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 604. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 26. — Has just received a letter from Sir James Crofts, which he sends herewith. By the same it will appear, amongst other things, that as the Humes and Carrs of the Marches and Tyvi- dale have been long sought after by the Duke and the other Lords of Scotland to take part with them in their common cause (which for the most part they favour, so far as relates to the expulsion of the French rule and authority, though perhaps not so thoroughly inclined to the devotion of the said Duke and the others in matters of religion), and have hitherto been content to sit still as neutrals ; they now, on the ap- pearance of our ships in the Frith and other show of assistance to the said Duke, seem to seek some appointment and conference on these matters ; for which the said Sir James has appointed a day, as Cecil will perceive 175 by his letters, and will also learn therefrom what courage and comfort the Protestants have taken from the arrival of the said ships. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 5. Haynes, p. 231. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 605. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Jan. 26.- — They have received advertisement from Mr. Winter that, having resolved with the ships under his charge to enter the Frith as the safest harbour in the north parts, " thinking non other but that all Princes had boren towards the Queue's Majiste our Mistress peax and amytte ; " as soon as his ships entered the same they were shot at very sore by the French lying at Inchkeith, Burnt Island, and Leith, so that he was in danger to have some of them sunken. Being thus uncourteously served, where he hoped to have received relief and friendship, he immediately fell upon some French ships lying on the Fife side, and as he informs them, took two of ihem, being men- of-war, and one hoy laden with ordnance and various implements neces- sary for fortification, which they suppose to have been intended for Eyemouth or some other place convenient for the annoyance of Berwick. ID. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 5 d. Haynes, p. 231. In ex- tenso.] 606. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 28. — Has this day received letters from Sir James Crofts, with a letter to him and Sir R. Sadleir from the E. of Arran and Lord James Stuart, all which he sends herewith, together with copies of the replies of Sir James to the said Lords and to Mr. Winter, and also of his own letters to the said Earl and the Lord James, and to Sir Jas. Crofts and Mr. Winter. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 5. Haynes, p. 232. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 607. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Jan. 29. — Sends letters from Sir Jas. Crofts and Mr. Winter, together with copies of his own replies thereto. On the arrival of the letters aforesaid there were with him the Earl of West- moreland, Lord Dacres, and the Lord Wharton, whom, in order to avoid displeasing them, he informed verbally that he had received news from Mr. Winter of a cruel attack on him by the French ships, which he had nevertheless avenged by taking two of their ships and a hoy which he retained as pledges. He also thought good to tell them that the hoy contained great store of artillery, and of all things requisite for fortification, which, he added, were, as he suspected, rather intended for Eyemouth or some neighbouring place than for any place further towards St. Andrews or along their own coast. With these or like words they, weighing the case, thought good to write to the Lords of the Council this as their conjecture, which he was well contented withal, wishing that the matter should rather burst out by little and little than make all here, with the suddenness of things, in a hurly- burly. 170 Cecil nevertheless may well perceive by the letters of advertisement, that indeed all these things were provided by the French for the winning and re- enforcing of St. Andrews, <: and for non other purposse." Wishes him no longer to seek to hide that which is here now so manifest. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 6. Haynes, p. 232. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 60S. The Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Jan. — Commend the bearer, Valentine Browne, one of the Queen's auditors, who brings 16,000/. to be paid upon the Duke's war- rant; 4,000 to the garrison of Berwick, in part of the amount due 12 December. He will need the Duke's countenance in viewing the accounts of the treasurer of Berwick and of Abington for victual. Has approved himself in like duties at Calais, Berwick, in Ireland and else- where. Endorsed: — January 1559. Cecil's draft. I p. [Haynes, p. 219. In extenso. .] 609. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 2. — Has received his letters of the 28th January, by which he perceives that her Majesty thinks that, if the neutrals of the Marches and Lothian would show themselves open enemies to the French, there would need no open hostility from England. Tn answer thereto encloses a letter from Sir James Crofts, by whom a day of con- ference had been appointed with Lord Hume, the head and chief of the said neutrals in the Marsh, by which Cecil will perceive how the latter holdeth off and how loth he is to come to any good j)oint. Gives it as his opinion that if anything make the neutrals show themselves open enemies to the French it must be our own open hostility, without the plain show and manifestation whereof they will surely sit still as they have done hitherto. And, perchance, if they shall not see any stay or alteration on our part, it may be a means to cause them to revolt and take plain part with the French, " whiche were not expedient for us." Expects daily that the Lords of Scotland will appoint him a time to receive their pledges, and also when some of them will repair to him to confer with him on the promised expedition to Leith. Begs to be instructed what shall be done in this behalf. Reminds him of the great expense her Majesty is sustaining at this present time, many of the troops having been here since Christmas and having fruitlessly consumed from six weeks' to two months' wages. [Postscript.] Will relieve Mr. Winter with money according to his necessity, as he has been desired to do by the Council, but trusts Cecil will consider that this was no part of his appointment. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 5 d. Haynes, p. 235. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign, ,] 610. Sir Thomas Challoner to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 5. — 1. This forenoon he and Sir Thos. Gresham had audience with the Regent and presented to her the Queen's letters, con- taining her pleasure touching his revocation, and Sir Thomas's substitu- tion as her agent. &c. After they had both used words of compliment to the Regent, they received from her such good words of answer, and with 177 such good countenance from her, as they rest therewith well satisfied. Has not yet presented the letter for the horses, nor will he do so, in case his own passport should serve, which " to-morrow videbimus" 2. Three or four of his last letters have by contrary weather been stayed at Dunkirk. The Spanish bands are here secretly solicited by the French. Admiral Chastillon is at present at Calais with twelve ensigns, and by the end of this month they shall be thirty ensigns, not so much meant for Scotland as for descent somewhere in England. "Take heed of the Isle of Wight." The French also will join to this force eight companies of their gendarmerie and 1,000 swart rutters. They have made otter to the Duke of Savoy to restore out of hand Turin and the other pieces in Piedmont yet kept by them, for a round sum of money to be employed against us. u . Consider this well, for it is likely to be true." Sends the last Italian advices touching the detection of the con- spiracy against the Duke of Florence, It is hoped certainly that this Pope will out of hand have a General Council, yea, though it be in the middle of Germany, and to be personally at it. " Think what moment this is of, and how it may touch us " ! 3. The Emperor has received great demonstration of amity at this Pope's hands. Wroie " nil praeterita3 " with divers important advices out of Italy. All men account that the Emperor's and King Catholic's puis- sance will be much advanced by means of this Pope. Wishes and trusts it is considered what their strange amity imports, which may be unto us a pillow in utramque aurem dormire. Sir T. Gresham makes much haste (as he cannot bla ne him) for the Queen's affairs. He is a jewel of trust, wit, and diligent endeavour. Horrible tempests for two nights past have troubled both the writer and Sir Thos. Gresham. — Brussels, 5 Febr. 1559. Copy, 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 236. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign^] 611. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 8. — Send letters from Sir James Crofts and Mr. Winter, brought to them by Mr. Southacke, one of the Captains in her Majesty's navy, by whom they are informed that her Majesty's ships to the number of thirteen men-of-war remain in the Frith, where they ride in peace. They are in good state saving that they fear some lack of victual, for the furnishing of which Mr. Winter desireth aid and money which shall be given to him accordingly. Cecil will perceive by the said letters that the French are returned to Edinburgh, and therefore they expect every day to hear that some of the nobility of" Scotland will repair to them to confer with them on the intended exploit to Leith for the expulsion of the French. Beg to be advertised of her Majesty's pleasure therein and how they are to proceed. On Sunday last there arrived here the Lord Grey, and Sir George Howard on the day after, on whose arrival they consulted together how the said exploit may be best achieved ; but they cannot certainly resolve until they have con- ferred with some of the Lords of Scotland, by whom they may be better instructed in many things which they cannot now determine ; in the meantime have thought good to send an estimate of such ordnance and munition as is thought necessary and meet. They fir-d a great difficulty in the carriage of the same by land at this time of the year, both on account of the deep and foul ways between Berwick aud Leith, and because such a number of draught horses as the same would require O 84066. M 178 cannot be had in time. They therefore suppose that it must of necessity- be transported by sea, as also the footmen appointed for the journey, who should be landed as near to Leith as conveniently may be. In that case the horsemen would enter by laud as soon as they received intelligence of the arrival of the footmen. [Postscript.] They send letters received from Tho3. Randall, alias Barnabie, by which Cecil will learn what Scottish Lords and others are about to confer with them, to whom they have appointed a day of meet- ing at Berwick on the 25th inst. Pray to be informed how they are to proceed with them, and also which of the pledges they shall retain, as they think the whole number of twelve would entail more expense and trouble than necessary. They subjoin the names of the six whom they think most fitting. Beg him to consider the charge her Majesty is now sustaining here, and how fast the treasure will be consumed without any fruit of service, fearing that without a further supply the same will not extend to the accomplishment of the intended journey. The names of the pledges : — 1. The Duke's second son. 2. The Earl of Argyll's father's brother's son. 3. The Lord James's brother uterine, Robert Douglas. 4. The Earl of Glencarne's son, James Cunyngham. 5. The Lord Ruthen's son, Archibald Ruthen. 6. The Earl of Monteith's son, George Graham. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 7. Haynes, p. 237. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 612. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 8. — Remembering his promise to her Majesty con- cerning 6i the reformynge the inordynaunce of captains in robbinge here Highnes " thinks himself in conscience not discharged thereof till he has either redressed the fault, or failing that, shown how, in his opinion, it may hereafter be amended. For the four thousand footmen now last come with the demi-lances, if there be any great fault, is con- tented to answer it as long as they remain in his charge, but for the two thousand at Berwick he takes no charge. And yet he does not think the captain much to blame, for he thinks him rather deceived than otherwise. To be plain with him, thinks there is not one captain of Berwick, or if there be any very few, but that doth rather serve for gain than for any good will of service. " And what good service is likely to ensewe of suche myndes ? I cann judge, nothing but polling and pilling of the Queue's Majestie's treasure." Cannot perceive how these extremities may be amended at present for it is no time, till this journey be past, to find fault. Assures him, however, that if he may understand it to be her Majesty's pleasure, he will either reduce them to think it sufficient to live on her Majesty's wages without these " in- ordynaunces." or else will set others in their places that will. [Z)« of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 6. Haynes, p. 238. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.] 179 613. Lord Montagu and Sir Thomas Chamberlain to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Feb. 11. — Finding no shipping for transporting horses they have sent away the greater n umber of them, though by report there is great want thereof in Spain. For their own transport there is no ship above 60 tons and those not furnished. The Vice- Admiral s are utterly without money. Where they find ordnance the owners will not part with it without assurance of restoring the same or its value. Have travailed with the customers of Exeter and Plymouth, and the collectors of the subsidy there to disburse the needful sums, promising to procure them privy seals for their discharge. These iast having no money of the Queen's, have borrowed somehow of merchants, for which the writers earnestly entreat privy seals. The wind has not yet served. The Vice- Admirals travail painfully to provide necessaries. — From Plymouth, 11 Febr. 1559. Original icith seal. I p. [Haynes, p. 239. In extenso.'] 614. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir VVm. Cecil. 1559-60. Feb. 11. — Has received letters from the Queen Dowager of Scotland which he sends herewith. They were brought by a Scottish herald, who had nevertheless nothing at all to say beyond the contents of his letters. Supposing therefore that he was addressed hither rather to espie their doings than for any other special cause, has thought good "for the réciproque," to send an answer to the said Dowager by an English herald to the intent that he may bring such intelligence of their doings in Scotland as he can obtain, at the same time dismissing the Scottish herald with an assurance that an answer should be sent to the said Dowager by special messenger. Has accordingly now sent Chester Herald to Edinburgh for that purpose with letters, a copy of which he encloses. Also sends a copy of a Proclamation issued by the said Dowager whereby Cecil may perceive that they look for nothing more certainly than for open hostility and war at our hands, and will do what they can to provide for the same. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 8. Haynes, p. 240. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 615. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 14. — Have received his letter of the 11th inst., with others from the Lords and others of the Council, by which, and also by his other letters of the 8th, they perceive the anxiety of Cecil and the others to hear of the French proceedings, their retirement out of Fife, and also of the state of her Majesty's ships. Trust they have received the Duke's letters of the 8th inst., by which they will be somewhat satisfied in that behalf. On their part, have long been expecting news from Berwick which they forwarded as soon as it came. The determination of the Council to have an eye to the preparations of the Marquis d'Elbœuf is very good and necessary, as is also their intention to reinforce the navy here. Whether they can have ships from Newcastle and Hull meet for that purpose and in such m 2 180 readiness as is supposed they doubt much ; both because there is some want of mariners here, and also because " apte and exploit soldiers, specially harquebuttiers," cannot be so readily had as in the ports about London. Finally they beg him to take order that the posts may use more diligence in the conveyance of her Majesty's letters, wherein they are very negligent, having only twelve pence per diem instead of two shillings as heretofore. Have consented to a postponement of the day of meeting with the Scottish Lords at Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 8. Haynes, p. 240. In extenso. Grig, in State Papers, Scotland.'] 616. The Queen to Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Feb. 15.— 1. Perceives by his letter of the 8th February that he has assigned a meeting and conference with the Lord James, the Master of Maxwell, Lord Rutheu and Mr. Balnaves, the 25th of this month. Also that he wishes to be instructed how to proceed in this matter. 2. The Queen is of the same mind as at his departure. She might refer him to his instructions given in December ; but lets him under- stand how great and inevitable a danger it would be to England if the French were permitted to subdue Scotland by force or by practice. If it shall appear after conference with wise men, or the lords of Scotland, that the nobility and part of Scotland are able to expel the French and preserve the Kingdom from subversion, her former intent must needs continue, to aid the part of Scotlaud to the clear expulsion of the French, whereby England may be more free from the invasion of France. The manner in which this aid is given (if it be seen neces- sary) shall be best considered upon conference with the Lords of Scot- land at the day appointed. 3. First, to make it strange to them, that they, being stronger in number than the French, have not in so long a time expelled them ; next, that the rest of the nobility of Scotland, especially those in the Marsh and Lothnm, have not taken part against the French, which if they had done it would have been finished long since. If they answer that without her aid they can neither expel the French, nor yet cause the neutrals to take a plain part, she thinks it meet to proceed with them to consider which is the best way to expel the French ; what power they require of their part and what of ours ; in what time the same may be best done ; whether by a long or a short siege, assault, or otherwise, and with what charge by estimation the same may be done. And other things of importance, viz., provision of victual, carriage of ordnance, and munition, meat for the horses, &c. ; all this she refers to himself. He is to have regard that time be not spent to the increase of her charge, and that her charge and number be not greater than requisite. He is to confer with them how they shall be able to keep their country free from another invasion of the French, if by God's goodness they shall be delivered ; and to inform himself how and by what manner they will do the same, so that he may be able to judge whether it be probable or not. He is to inform them that the charge is intolerable to her to maintain a continual army by sea in the north parts, although she means not to neglect their defence ; and he shall give them his advice how to proceed for the preservation of their country. He shall let them understand that the 181 French will enter into open hostility with lier upon her aid being given them. It is necessary to know what friendship she may hope of them towards impeaching the French in case they invade her country, as is most likely. 4. If he sees it convenient he may cause some other as of themselves to propound these two ways : either to have an aid of their men and ships by sea or land to withstand the French if they attempt any invasion in the north parts of her realm, or to establish a concord betwixt the two realms, especially upon the frontiers, as the one might live in surety of the other, without jealousy or doubt; she, for her part, then might better employ the charges for guarding her frontier against the French, and they also. For which purpose two places are to be considered, viz., the town of Berwick and the frontier (where she keeps a chargeable garrison), which, if she were assured of no evil meaning on their part, she might lessen. Whatsoever answer they may make thereto, it might better serve her purpose to stay Berwick in security, than if she might have Eyemouth in her possession guarded by a small number, which she doubts might engender a jealousy with the Scotch ; this is to be circum- spectly moved or forborne for a season lest there be some sinister con- struction raised, to the hindrance of the cause. 5. Other means may be devised by Scotland, especially by the Earl of Argyle that the north of Ireland may be reduced to obedience so that the force there may be employed against the French, an enemy to both ; it being very beneficial to Ireland she doubts not but the Earl of Argyle wilt do his best. 6. When he has proceeded thus in conference and concluded any beneficial point to be observed on the part of Scotland, she thinks it convenient the same be put in Articles and hostages delivered for per- formance thereof. She thinks his choice good of the six hostages named in his letter of the 8th ; and wishes that it might be compassed that when any of the Lords upon the frontiers, as the Earl of Moreton, Lord Hume, the Lord of Cesford, or such like be brought to the devotion of this common cause, there be hostages had of them. Having pre- viously given orders to him not to employ any part of the 16,000/. upon the payments of Berwick, yet it is thought meet that he shall pay such of her garrison there as shall at this point be employed by his order in this service and exploit. Endorsed .— 15 Feb. 1559. Cecils draft. 4 pp. [Haynes, p. 242. In extenso. ~\ 617. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 15. — Enclose letters from Sir James Crofts in reply to the Articles submitted to him by Cecil's direction concerning the fortifications of Berwick, In their opinion, before the works proceed any further the matter should be reasoned and debated " rather upon view of the ground than of any plott." Recommended therefore that Sir R. Lee and some skilful men should be sent with all speed for that purpose. \_D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol 9. Haynes, p. 241. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.^ 618. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 15. — His letters of the 11th at night, arrived here on the loth at 5 in the morning. In them they are not answered either 182 bow they are to proceed in their consultation and conference with the Lords of Scotland, nor which of the hostages they are to receive. Trust he will not forget to advise them in that behalf with all speed. Their meeting with the said Lords is " prevented " by two days, as stated in their last letters, and a new day cannot at once be con- veniently appointed. Their proportion of artillery, although it may to him seem large, is with th em thought to be of the least. They will make the best shift they can for the furniture thereof, but lack especially limber horses and harness. They are not to be had within the limits of his (the Duke of Norfolk's) Commission of Lieutenancy, prays Cecil therefore to take order for the provision of three hundred from Northamptonshire, and other southern counties. Marvel not a little that they hear nothing of Abington, nor of the arrival of any sufficient store of victual, whereof they will shortly be in such lack as will be the hindrance of the whole service. Send letters which arrived yesternight from Sir James Crofts, with others addressed to Sir Ralph Sadleir and him, from the Earl of Arran and the Lord James Stuart. — Newcastle, 15 Feb. 1559. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 9. Haynes, p. 242. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.^ 619. Sir Edward Carne to the Queen. 1559-60, Feb. 16.— The French here can obtain nothing at his Holiness' [Pius T.J hands against your Majesty ; his Holiness hath such respect to your Majesty and to your realms that he will attempt nothing against you, unless occasion be given first ' therhence.' One of the Cardinals that is greatest with his Holiness shewed me that hë and another do mind to move his Holiness to send his nuncio to your Majesty, but that they stay till your Majesty send first to his Holiness. His Holiness continues sending away his kinsfolk hence ; some of his nieces were left out of the decree of banishment, which his Holiness perceiving, made a new decree for them, and would none of them here, but to depart out of hand ; and so all they of his kinsfolk that were great here, men and women, be gone, and [he] will hear no man to entreat for them. From France the advice came late that there is a sure hope of the peace and that Philip will marry the French King's daughter ; and yet I am informed by an ambassador of Philip's, who lies here for the erection of certain Bishoprics in Flanders and Brabant, Philip hath an army ready of horse and foot and hath taken up 4,000 swartrutters, and that the French King doth prepare an army. The cause is that both will be in readiness in all events. The saying is in the Court here that his Holiness waxes very weak and cannot sleep. The Spaniards here be the gladdest men in the world upon advertisements that they had of late, trusting that your Majesty will marry with King Philip, which is liked far better here, than the French King's daughter for him. Yesterday was kept a consistory here wherein was nothing done but that the bishopric of Brescia was given to the Potestate of Brescia as the Venetians desire, whereby Signor Prioli, that was there with my late Lord Cardinal, is clean excluded from the right he pretended to it, who had an access unto it, they say. His Holiness had made a bull against all Cardinals that be inquired upon of heresy in the Holy Inquisition, that they should be deprived of their voices, active and passive, in the election of any Pope, i.e., they 183 should neither vote nor be capable of election, which bull the Pope subscribed but the Dean of the College refused, because, he said, the honestest man of all might have an enemy that might give wrong information against him, and he thereby be inquired upon, though not faulty, and therefore unless any Cardinal were convicted, he could not reasonably be deprived of his right. On this opinion passed all the Cardinals present (sic), and so the bull could not pass. Rome, 16 February 1559. Orig. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 245. In extenso.'] 620. The Duke op Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Feb. 16. — In obedience to their Lordship's instructions of the 12th inst., to prepare certain ships from the towns of Newcastle and Hull, for the reinforcement of Her Majesty's Navy in the Frith, have, in the absence of Geoffrey Vaughan, appointed Bartram Anderson for the setting forth of the said ships. The ships provided are, however, utterly unfurnished both with ordnance and victual and also with mariners, so that, as far as they can perceive, they cannot be got ready in time for the service for which they are required. And also, as they wrote in their letter of the 14th inst., they cannot levy in these parts such apt and expert soldiers, especially arquebusiers, as in this case were meet and convenient. Have thought it well to advise their Lordships hereof, to the intent they may the better supply these lacks. Will nevertheless do all that may be done for the furtherance of the service. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 9d. Haynes, p. 245. In extenso, Orig in State Papers, Foreign.] 621. The Duke of Norfolk to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Feb. 19.— In debating the weightiness of the service here they have found one matter not yet appointed respecting which they desire a speedy answer. My Lord Grey, " accounting of himself not otherwise than a man may in this transitory world," and considering that, if by any uufortunate means he should not be able to furnish this service according to his earnest good will, lack might be found in him hereafter, has thought gcod most earnestly to require them to entreat their Lordships in time that some worthy man might be appointed, who, by his experience and understanding in warlike matters, should supply such a want. Wherefore they are most earnestly suitors to their Lordships that " this my Lord Grey's wise and circumspect request " may receive the attention it deserves. [Z). of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 6d. Haynes, p. 246. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.] 622. The Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Feb. 20.— 1. We have perused yours of the 15th con- taining a letter of Crofts to you, and certain articles concerning your 184 difference of opinions for the fortifications of Berwick next the sea. We have informed the Queen who does not disallow the answer of Crofts. Although we would have been glad to understand some particular matter for answer of the said articles, yet it is determined as soon as Sir Richard Lee returns from Portsmouth (whither he must be sent next week) he shall go to Berwick with some other men of skill. You having Lord Grey and other experts there, who can judge as well as any in the south, it will be sufficient that at the coming of Lee the same may be considered by each as you think fit ; meanwhile keep the question a secret and cause the workmen to proceed with works begun. 2. By another letter of the 16th directed to us we perceive the calling of Bartram Anderson in the absence of Geoffrey Vaughan. You find the merchant ships, which have been stayed there a long time, unfurnished with ordnance, victuals, and mariners, &c. In answer, it appears by Vaughan's of the ICth directed to the admiral that he certified the case to be otherwise. For remedy we think that where there are 12 stayed for service, at least six (and the rest also) might be furnished and sent to sea, each one as soon as ready. There be partly despatched hence four or five ships well armed and equipped which shall countervail 10 or 12 of those merchant ships. The Marquis d'Elbœuf makes all haste he can, having hitherto but 10 or 12 ships ready. We think Winter should be warned to stand upon his guard and be in good wait with one bark on the coast of Lothian and another on Fife side, and that you also help that his ships be relieved and furnished with archers and hagbutters, &c. 3. For answer of certain points in a letter of the 15th to Cecil you shall understand, where you find lack of answer in letters of the llth for your proceeding in conference with the Lords of Scotland, the Queen, the same day addressed you with sufficient declaration of her pleasure. As to lack of horses for carriage of great ordnance being so great that you require 300 from the south shires with harness and draught gear, it has perplexed us that so necessary a matter should be now to provide. Though we think you chargeable with no neglect therein, yet first, the number allotted to the draught of your ordnance exceeds the common use ; a cannon is generally drawn by 30 horses, you assign 60 ; a demi- cannon by 20, you assign thirty ; and so in the rest. Then we thought (as once was written) you would devise to carry your ordnance by sea, and laud it five or six miles on this side of Leith, and so have spared some number of horses, having also the help of some oxen of your friends in Scotland. 4. As for the provision hence, we think it difficult and likely to breed delay. We see not how such a number can be suddenly pro- vided and sent before the time you should commence the exploit. Yet we have moved the Queen to be at the charge thereof, to buy 200 or 60 more if she can, within the cos. Leicester, Lincoln, Huntingdon, and Cambridge, wherein will be much travel and expense of time, but we must prefer surety before all other respects. Some of us think the number might have been made out of Yorkshire and other shires beyond Trent on sufficient warning. The harness and draught gear were sent last December, and as we are informed by officers of the ordnance, all arrived in the north, saving a few left at Lestoc by miscarriage of a vessel. We trust it has arrived, or shortly will arrive ; if it should not, Bennett can furnish 500. Abbington is on his des- 185 patch; of the state and mass of victuals there, you shall receive a brief, &c. 5. As for treasure, you shall shortly hear of a reinforcement; order should be taken that the Queen's victuals and armour be duly paid for. Sir George Howard must be admonished and ordered that the money arising therefrom be preserved and accounted for, &c. It is reported that besides the band of 100 horsemen allowed you, and the like to Lord Grey and 600 lances also, there be 100 lances more in charge, and 600 light horsemen also presently in wages, which we think ought not to be, or else there is greater cause for the 3ame than we know of. At your departure our opinion was that 600 lances and pistolets should have been sufficient, and no more horsemen in pay, Lord Gray's band to be part of the same, and at the time of the exploit such light horsemen as were needful could be levied in Northumberland and the bisphopric without charge to the Queen. We are confirmed in that opinion. And for our satisfaction, we covet to be advertised what are the ordinary charges at this present, and of the particular charges, how the same ended in January, and how they shall end this month, and if increase shall grow the next, that we may under- stand the same also. — From Westminster, 20 Feb. 1559. Draft. 6J pp. [Haynes, p. 248. In extenso.'] 623. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559.-60, Feb. 20. — Since the writing of their letters of the 16th inst. have called before them Bartram Anderson, of this town, who is joined with Geoffrey Vaiighan, for the furniture and setting forth to sea of such ships as are appointed here and at Hull. By him they are put in good hope that six ships of this town, or at least four of them, will be well furnished and set to sea within ten days, and the other two will follow as speedily as may be. For the thorough manning thereof have taken order for the levying of 400 soldiers, besides a sufficient number of mariners. Have also written to the said Vaughan, who is at Hull, for the setting forth of four more ships with all speed ; and for the manning thereof have given order to Sir Thomas Gargrave to furnish him with such a number of soldiers out of Holderness as he shall think to be necessary. As it is thought here that the number of 4,000 footmen is of the least for the good accomplishment of the intended exploit into Scotland, have thought fit to put a thousand more in readiness ; for which purpose, he, the Duke of Norfolk, has sent his letters into Cheshire, Lancashire, Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Nottinghamshire, for the levying of two hundred men in each shire to be sent hither by the 6th of March. To-morrow they intend to repair to Berwick to meet the Scottish Lords, with whom they will treat according to her Majesty's pleasure on such points as are contained in her Majesty's letters of the 15th inst., and upon such other things as they shall think meet and necessary. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 9d. Haynes, p. 247. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 186 624. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, Feb. 24— In their letters of the 11th inst. advertised him of the sending of Chester Herald to the Queen Dowager of Scotland. He is now returned, and the result of his conference and such intel- ligence as he has obtained they send in writing. A French gentleman called Montaignac arrived here with the said Chester on his way with letters from the Queen Dowager to her Majesty. Have taken order for his passage to the Court accordingly. The Lord of Lethington and the Master of Maxwell have arrived here, but the rest of the Lords who come by sea are detained by contrary winds. Send herewith a letter received by the Duke of Norfolk from Mr. Winter. [Postscript.] One of lier Majesty's ships named the Falcon has arrived in the Haven Mouth with the Lord James and the rest of the Lords of Scotland appointed to this meeting. Have just sent out boats to meet them. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 10. Haynes, p. 250. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 625. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Feb. 26. — Have received their Lordships' letters of the 20th on the 24th inst. In answer thereto signify, firstly : touching the setting forth of the ships from Newcastle and Hull for the reinforcement of Mr. Winter, their Lordships will by this time have learnt from their letters of the 20th inst. what steps they have taken therein by means of Bartram Anderson and Geoffrey Van ghan, and they will not fail to carry out the effectual execution thereof with all diligence. They will also forthwith give warning to Mr. Winter of the Marquis Delbœuf's hearty preparations and will advise him to stand upon his guard, and to lie " in good away te," with one barque upon the coast of Lothian, and another upon the Fife side, as their Lordships have advised. Have also furnished him with 200 arquebussiers from the garrison of this town, so that they think him well strengthened to meet with any evil event. Secondly, as regards the carriage and draught horses, perceiving their Lordships to be somewhat perplexed, state that they have not neglected their duty in that behalf, but with much ado have got together some of the best in these parts, which they are informed are nevertheless weak and insufficient for the service, so that unless their Lordships can help them with 250 out of the southern shires they will have great lack thereof. Trust they may have them within 10 days. Are still in mind to carry their great pieces of ordnance with other munitions by sea, but yet, when they are landed, horses will be required to carry them from the sea side to the place where they must be occupied, and they dare not trust to the carriage of Scotland. Thirdly, touching the bands of horsemen here. Whereas it has been reported to their Lordships that there are 100 lances more in charge than were appointed, and 600 light horsemen also presently in wages ; the truth is that there were 600 " launces and pistoletts " appointed and levied from sundry shires of the realm, which are all arrived ; and 100 besides were appointed by them, the Duke of Norfolk 187 and Lord Grey, not intending to make any gain by them, but to employ them amongst the rest in this service, u trusting that no one hundreth of all the rest is better appointed." The occasion whereof was, that by their instructions the service is limited to 700 lances. For the light horsemen they have thought it good to levy 400 in Yorkshire, and 200 on the Marches, whereof there are not more than 300 iu wages. The said 400 they have devised to use " with curriars or harquebusshes," and therefore did the sooner levy the said 300 in wages to the intent they might have time to exercise themselves in the " feate of the curriar." The reason why they levied such a number is because there is no surety in the Marches whether they are amongst friends, enemies, or neutrals; and therefore when the Lord Grey is in Scotland the Duke of Norfolk intends to lie at Berwick with a convenient power of horsemen, besides the garrisons of the country, in order the better to keep the said neighbours in awe. Fourthly, their Lordships will understand from Valentine Browne the charge of the last month, and as soon as the next pay shall be made for February, they will advise them of the charges thereof. Although the wars are always so chargeable, and will exhaust much treasure, their Lordships may be assured that they have done and will do as much as lieth in them to prevent her Majesty being put to further charges than necessary. Finally, they have had some conference with the Lords of Scotland, and according to their instructions " made it strange " that they could not expel the French, being no greater power than they are, out of Scotland. They answered thereunto " right discreatly, as wise and grave men that seamed to lament their insuffycyency in that behalf ;" but what their answer was their Lordships, they doubt not, can easily consider, as, in effect, it is touched in her Majesty's letters, and in others received from Mr. Secretary. Have 'proposed certain questions unto them, to which they look this day for answers. [Z>. of Noi-foWs Entry Book, fol. 10. Haynes, p. 251. In extenso, Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.~] 626. Articles agreed upon at Berwick. 1559-60, Feb. 27.— 1. At Berwick 27 Feb. 1559, it was agreed between Thomas, Duke of Norfolk, Lieutenant in the North, on the one part, and the Lords James Stewart, Patrick Lord Ruthven, Sir John Maxwell of Terricles, William Maitland, the younger of Lethington, John Wyschert of Pyttarrow, and Master Hendry Balnevis of Hallhill, in the name of James, Duke of Châtellerault, second person of the realm of Scotland, and the others joined with him, for maintenance of Christian religion, and defence of the ancient rights and liberty of their country, on the other part, in form following : — 2. The Queen, understanding that the French intend to conquer the realm of Scotland, suppress the liberty thereof, and unite it to France, and being required thereto by the nobility of Scotland in the name of the whole realm, shall accept the said realm, the said Duke of Châtellerault, the heir apparent to the crown, the nobility and the subjects thereof, into her protection for preservation of their old freedoms and liberties from conquest as a Christian realm in the pro- fession of Christ's true religion, during the time the marriage shall continue between the Queen of Scots and the French King, and one year after. 188 3. For that purpose with all speed she shall send into Scotland sufficient aid of men to join with the Scots, as well by sea as by land, not only to expel the present power of the French, but also to stop all greater forces entering therein, and shall continue the same till they be utterly expelled, making no league with them except by agreement of the Scots. 4. In case any forts within the realm be won out of the hands of the French by the Queen, the same shall be immediately demolished, or delivered to the said Duke and his party, nor shall the English fortify within Scotland, but by advice of the said Duke and the nobility and estates of the realm. 5. The Scottish nobility shall aid the Queen's army against the French. 6. They shall be enemies to all such Scotch and French as shall be enemies to England. 7. They shall never assent that the realm of Scotland shall be knit to the crown of France, otherwise than as it is already by the marriage of the Queen of Scotland to the French King. 8. If the French at any time hereafter invade England, they shall furnish at least 2,000 horsemen, and 1,000 footmen to pass upon her charges to any part of England. And if the invasion be north of York they shall convene their whole forces at their own charges, and continue so long in the field as they are wont to do for the defence of Scotland. 9. The Earl of Argyle shall employ his force to reduce the north parts of Ireland to the perfect obedience of England, according to an agreement between the deputy of Ireland and the said Earl. 10. For performance and sure keeping hereof, they shall enter to the Duke of Norfolk certain pledges, before the entry of the Queen's forces in Scottish ground, the time of the continuance of the hostages to be only during the marriage of the Queen of Scotland with the French King, and one whole year after. 11. These articles to be signed by the said Duke of Châtelherault, and the nobility joined with him, within 20 or 30 days of the delivery of the said hostages ; they declaring that they mean not thereby to with- draw any due obedience to their sovereign lady the Queen, nor in any- thing to withstand the French King being her husband and head, that shall not tend to the subversion and oppression of the just and ancient liberties of the Kingdom. 12. For the performance of the same on the part of England, the Queen shall confirm the same by her Letters Patents, to be delivered to the nobility of Scotland at the entry of their pledges. Draft, with Cecil's endorsement : — " 27 Feb. 1559." 5 pp. [Haynes, p. 253. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign. 1 ^ 627. The Queen to Sir Ralph Sadler. 1559-60, Feb. 28. — We have ordered that whensoever Lord Grey shall be appointed to enter into Scotland, Sir James Crofts be joined with him, to take the principal charge and conduct of our forces, if any mishap should come to the said Lord Grey. In his absence we have commanded the Duke of Norfolk to commit to you the charge of Berwick, and of the two wardenries in the absence of Lord Grey, which ye shall, as our said lieutenant shall order, take and keep to our use till 189 their return, authorizing you to choose skilful captains, &c, without any- notable hindrance of our purposed exploit. Given under our signet. Endorsed:— -28 Feb. 1559. Cecil's draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 258. In extenso.'] 628. The Privy Council to Sir James Crofts. 1559-60, Feb. 28. — Request him to accompany Lord Grey. It is not meet to burden him with any charge as long as Lord Grey shall prosper, save to bestow his advice and counsel. The Lord Lieutenant will have due regard of his lacks and thereafter augment his entertain- ment. Endorsed:— 28 Feb. 1559. Cecil's draft. 1 p. [Haynes, 257. In extenso.'] 629. The Privy Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Feb. 28. — By your letters of the 24th we perceive in what estate things be there, both by Chester's report w r hom you sent to Edinburgh, and by the arrival of the Lords of Scotland. We fear the purpose has too many delays, the adversary will grow too strong and the Queen's charges too great. We think you do well to comfort Winter and such as serve there, for they have a sore and painful time. By your persuasion procure that Sir James Crofts may not think it any lack of consideration of him that he is so suddenly appointed to enter with Lord Grey. To further the cause two things should be considered, the one, in giving him reputation and credit, the other, in making him a convenient allowance for his entertainment, &c. Endorsed :— 28 Feb. 1559. Cecil's minute. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 257. In extenso.] 630. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, Feb. 28. — It has always been thought meet that if any succour should be given by you to the removing of the French it should be under the conduct of Lord Grey. We also think some trusty and meet person should be sent with Lord Grey, that if any mishap befell him, there might be one ready to take that charge. We have chosen Sir James Crofts, Captain of Berwick. Considering this is such short warning, that he may not be able to put himself in such good furniture as his desire would be, ye may persuade him not to prolong herein but enter with Lord Grey, as one having no other par- ticular charge than himself will be content withal, except in case of miscarriage of Lord Grey. For his entertainment our pleasure is you shall determine what shall seem convenient for his degree, with authority to be chief of council with and second to Lord Grey. Sir Ralph Sadler to be Captain of Berwick in place of Sir James Crofts, and to be Warden of the East and Middle Marches during Lord Grey's absence, with choice of good captains to be with him at Berwick. Endorsed .- -28 Feb. 1559. Cecil s minute. I p. [Haynes, p. 256. In extenso.] 631. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1559-60, Feb. 28. — Have been these three days in conference and consultation with these Lords of Scotland upon this great and weighty matter. Having proposed unto them certain questions, and received their answers thereto (which questions and answers they send here- 190 with in writing), they came in the end to debate with them concerning the conditions on which their hostages should remain in England, And because they require certain promises of her Majesty under the Great Seal of England, concerning which they, the Council, thought it not meet to resolve and conclude without knowledge of her Highness's pleasure, they have determined to send eftsoons the Lord of " Lydington " to be a humble suitor to her Majesty in all their names for the ob- taining of their said requests, which they seem to desire more for the satisfaction of others of the nobility of Scotland. iC who are not yet fully reduced to their devotion and party," than from any mistrust in her Majesty. In the meantime have agreed that they shall repair home to put their force and power in readiness to join with our power at " Achinson's Haven " in Lothian, the 25th of March next coming, and that, as soon as her Majesty's pleasure shall be known, they shall have their hostages together, ready to be put into one of her Majesty's ships in the Frith to be transported hither. They surely find them to be grave and discreet men, and although they seem to be in great hope that the whole nobility of the realm will join with them (being assured of her Majesty's support), yet are they loth to promise anything more than they think themselves able assuredly to perform. They find them also of singular zeal and good- will to do all things that may tend to the establishment of these two realms in perpetual unity and concord, but of so little power and substance that of themselves they are unable to defend or offend the common enemy without the support of England. As it is thought here that the power promised by the said Lords, being but 5,000 men will not, joined with our power, be sufficient for the achieving of this exploit, (i if they are driven to abide upon the siege at Leith," have sent the bearers hereof, Sir Nicholas Strange and Mr. Randall, to declare unto their Lordships the opinions which move them to think a greater power desirable. In the meantime the Duke of Norfolk has taken order for the levying of 2,000 footmen to be in readiness by the 25th of March to set forwards at an hour's warning. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. lid. Haynes, p. 255. In extenso. Orig. in State .Papers, Scotland.'] 632. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, March 8. — Whereas the Queen Dowager of Scotland has of late, by a herald, sent us letters (copy herewith) wherein she com- plains of Mr. Winter, Admiral of our fleet in the North : albeit we have had always that opinion of the said Winter that he would not commit anything that exceeded his commission, or that should be any breach of peace between us and the French King ; yet for satisfaction of the Queen Dowager, we require you either to send for Winter, if con- venient, or to send some one to him to learn the truth, and thereupon to advertise us. His principal coming thither was rather to preserve peace than to break the same. Endorsed: — 8 March 1559. Cecil's minute. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 258. In extenso.] 633. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, March 9. — We perceive, amongst other things written to our Council and reported by Sir Nicholas L'Estrange and Edwd. Randall, that ye have accorded with the Lords of Scotland to meet the 191 power of England at Achinson's Haven the 25th inst. We have thought meet to let you understand that at this present we have received a message from the French King tending, in words, to reform all the injuries done us, to make an accord with us for the same, and to leave Scotland free from danger of conquest ; for answer thereof we have given the French till the 20th to withdraw his force in part, till the 24th for a third, till the 28th for a half, and till the 2nd April for the whole. We think it meet that the appointment with the Lords of Scotland be deferred till the 31st, because ye shall not need thereby to put any power into Scotland before the 27th or 28th, before which time, if they come to any reasonable accord, it will be then necessary to forbear the entry. If it appear that they mean but to abuse us and to gain time, then may the entry be convenient the 27th or 28th. Meanwhile let nothing be omitted to make our army ready, thereby if accord follow the French will sooner agree. Cecil minute. I p. Another copy of above with the addition : — We have also, on request of the French, accorded that our ships should attempt nothing against the French already in Scotland, unless provoked ; so give charge to Winter, willing him so to use himself and yet not to forbear the stay of any new succours that may come by sea. Endorsed : — 9 March 1559. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 258. In extenso.'] 634. The Privy Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, March 12. — Have received his letters dated the last of February, and perceived his proceedings with the Lords of Scotland in the paper of seven articles of an accord to be made betwixt the realm of England and the nobility of Scotland for defence of that realm against conquest by the French. Understand by the report of Sir Nicholas L'Estrange and Eanclall that the power he has, together with that promised by Scotland, 5,000 men of certainty, will not suffice if he should be driven to besiege, as two batteries would be required. 1. The Queen sees no cause for alteration in the substance of the articles, but has had them newly written and enlarged, will confirm them with her great seal, and perform the same in all points unless the French meanwhile accord with her and Avith Scotland, The French King makes an appearance of meaning to redress all injuries, but con- sidering the accustomed practices of the French, they have small hope their meaning agrees with their words. Yet the Queen is pleased to make proof of their intent. The Duke's appointment for the meeting of England and Scotland at Achynson's Haven on the 25th had better be postponed to the 31st, the Queen having offered that if the French will begin to withdraw their forces, part on the 21st and the whole by April 2, she also will begin to withdraw hers. If they do not begin to withdraw by the 28th the Queen may with honour permit the exploit to be taken in hand. All things to be in full readiness, not to abide an hour. 2. Though they know the more batteries, the more speed will be, yet the time being so far spent, the place so far off, and there being no store there to furnish another battery without disfurnishing ships or the town of Berwick, they have given order for sending a proportion of 10 battery pieces which will arrive as soon as wind and sea permit. Meanwhile, if it be not expedient to approach the place when the enemy retire, yet 192 it should be environed with a siege volant, to restrain the enemy within his strength and exclude supplies of men and victuals. His putting in order 2,000 more men against the day of entry is approved. Endorsed:— 12 March 1559. Draft. 4 pp. [ Haynes, p. 259. In extenso.'] 635. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, March 12. — Has received his friendly letter of the 9th instant, whereby he perceives his care of his own well proceeding in her Majesty's affairs here. With regard to his choice of this journey, whether he wishes to go himself or else that it should proceed according to the former appointment, assures him that he has learned one principle, " never to seek chardge at the Prince's hands, nor never to refuse what yt shall please hym to commaunde me." The reasons that lead him to seek none are these ; firstly, inability that he finds in himself. Secondly, that he is not so well furnished as he could wish for the Prince's honour in such a journey. Thirdly, and chiefly, for fear lest if the journey should not proceed according to his earnest good will, it might be said that if he had not craved it someone of better experience and conduct might have been chosen, whereby the success might have been more ensured. On the other hand, he is never minded to refuse, partly because it becomes him not to judge what occasions cause the Prince to choose him, and also because he is born to live and die in his quarrel and to fulfil his commandment in all things. Accordingly till he receives an answer to this letter will occupy himself in furnishing himself, according to his poor ability, either to go or to tarry, as it shall please the Queen's Majesty to command. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 30. Haynes, p. 261. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, ForeignP\ 636. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, March 13. — The bearer hereof, Mr. Kier, servant to the Earl of Huntly, has just arrived here bringing a letter from the Earl of Arran which he sends herewith. He has also informed him that he has letters and evidence to her Majesty from the said Earl, who has joined himself to the Duke of Chaste! hcrault and the other partakers in their common cause, and will come to the field with them on the day appointed with such power as he can command. This, in his opinion, makes their enterprise much more easy and feasible. Sends one, in post, by whom Cecil shall understand the matter at greater length. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 12. Haynes, p. 26. In extenso.] 637. The Duke of Norfolk to Siu W. Cecil. 1559-60, March 14. — Encloses letters from the Lord James Stuart. Understands that the Lords of the Congregation do prepare their forces to meet with our army at the place and day appointed at their last conference. Nevertheless, on receipt of Cecil's letters of the 7th inst., wrote and deferred the day to the 28th of this present, and has now again, on receipt of her Majesty's letters of the 10th, written to prolong the day further till the 31st inst., which delays he supposes will scarcely please them. Has also written to the Duke of Chastel- 193 herault and the said Lords advising them of the French practices, and admonishing them to beware of the same and to stand fast against all temptations. Has in like manner written to Mr. Winter desiring him to use no hostility in the Frith against the French now in Scotland, except they provoke him thereto ; and yet to do as he hath done to prevent their receiving any new succours. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 12. Haynes, p. 262. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 638. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1559-60, March 15. — Understanding that the sum of twenty thousand pounds of her Majesty's treasure is coming hither, whereof they have great need, are inforced to put their Lordships in remembrance of the greatness of their charges which are daily increased, and to beseech them to " put their helping hands " so that another mass of treasure may be sent immediately to follow the said twenty thousand pounds, as when the pay has bepn made for the month of February past and the present month of March, not much will remain of what is now coming. Besides, when the army shall enter Scotland, they must perfoice advance them a month's wages beforehand because the victu- alling of the army will then depend much upon the market, for which the soldiers must needs have always ready money. There is also much money owing to the garrison of Berwick, which must needs be paid, especially to such as are going this journey. Have also a great lack of armour, and if it were possible to send two thousand corslets more the same would be well bought. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 12d. Haynes, p. 262. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.] 639. Sir William Cecil to George Gordon, Earl of Huntley. 1559-60, March 18. — The letters and message sent by him to the Queen and brought by Mr. Key re have been well accepted by her. " The Queen meaneth princely, and like a good neighbour, to relieve the declination of that Kingdom of Scotland." Of the Queen's purpose Cecil thinks the Earl is not ignorant by the declaration of Lord James Stewart and his colleagues who were lately at Berwick and there concluded a treaty with Norfolk which the Queen has ratified. Prays him (since the time has come, the power ready, nothing is wanting, the enemy at the worst, themselves honourably accorded and provided with such a patron and friend as the Queen of England) to proceed to the safety of his country and preserve his ancient house. There is no third thing to choose, but either to suffer the insolence of France or be preserved with a natural governance; he who shall speak of a third, that is of a favourable government by Frenchmen, is either ignorant or means deceit. " No governance shall so accord with Scotlaud but a lawful governance of natural people." Is glad to perceive that the Earl will accept the remedy which God has offered. The writer is commanded to write tc him on the Queen's part, that he may be certain of her favour and aid to the common state of the realm, and that she accepts him with all his friends and allies into her protection. As soon as he shall make any demonstration of any action to concur with her aid towards this purpose he shall see the proof thereof. Endorsed:— 18 March 1559. Cecil's draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 263. In extenso.] o 84066. N 640. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk'. 1556-60, March 19. — Has weighed the Articles containing the con- ference betwixt him as her Lieutenant-Gen eral and Lord James Stewart and the other Lords of Scotland commissioned by James Duke of Ohatellerault, the scope whereof she perceives to be, first, the preserva- tion of Scotland from conquest, and second of England from invasion by France. She sends the said articles reformed to be by him with all expedition notified to the said Lord James and his colleagues. He is to procure their seals and signatures to the same and forward by such persons as receive his part, and to assure them the Queen agrees to ratify them under the great seal, which ratification they shall have on sending the hostages promised. Sends the confirmation by Sir Nicholas L'Estrange. Proceeds thus for surety lest the party of Scotland fall into doubt and mistrust of her expected aid, yet hourly looks for some answer from the French King for redress, as well of his unfriendly dealings with her as of his violence and force in Scotland. Jf this answer be without delay to redress all his attempts against her and with- draw his whole forces out of Scotland, she will forbear. If she is not satisfied by the 24th or 25th she has a just cause to pursue her request by force. Meanwhile neither her power nor that of Scotland should be out of readiness nor forbear meeting at Achynson's Haven the 31st as formerly ordered. If any party of Scotland be abused by the practices of tnfe French that this delay is to leave the matter at random, he is to assure them that the principal cause was " for that we thought it a part of princely honour on our behalf, although it be not so used on the French King's part, to demand first rather by our request and [in] amicable manner the redress of the enormities and hostilities than by force." He is to see everything is ready for the exploit against the day assigned and to follow the former instructions. The blanks in the copy of articles for the number of horsemen and footmen are so left for agreement with the Lords of Scotland ; if possible he is to obtain that the number of horsemen be 2,000 or 1,500 at least, the footmen 1,000. Endorsed:— 19 March 1559. Cecil's draft. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 264. In extenso.] 641. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, March 19. — As he advertised Cecil that he had written to the Duke of Chastelherault signifying unto him amongst other things what report the French Ambassador now resident at London made of him touching his submission to the French King, so now the said Duke hath written to him again, and also sent Thos. Randall with credence to make his purgation in that behalf. To the intent that Cecil may the better understand the same, sends herewith his letters, and has also caused Thos. Randall to commit his credence to writing, which he also sends herewith, and so has despatched Randall back again to the said Duke. The said Randall hath gotten in Scotland the copy of the be- ginning and ending of a Patent granted when he was " King and Dolphin," which copy he sends herewith so that Cecil may perceive how they use the Title and Arms of England and Ireland. Randall tells him that he saw and had in his hands the original patent in Scotland. He hath showed him also that the said Duke and the rest of the Lords fife of that party make all the preparations they eau eouie to the tield on the day appointed. He says also that the Earl of Huntley being now joined with them prepareth also to come to the field, and that their party and power daily increaseth and do much rejoice to join with the English for the expulsion of the French out of Scotland. Was yesterday adver- tised that eight Ensigns of the French departed on Friday last from Edinburgh and Leith towards Stirling, for what purpose he knoweth not. The said Randall, however, shows him that the Earl of Arran and the Lord James intended to levy a power suddenly to distress the four Ensigns of the French which remain at Stirling, for which purpose they desired of Mr. Winter the aid of five hundred arquebusiers ; so it is supposed that the French, having received intelligence thereof, do there- fore send the eight Ensigns from Edinburgh and Leith, either to re- inforce them at Stirling and to keep the town and passage there, or else to retire and withdraw them from thence to Leith with, the more safety. \_D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 13. Haynes, p. 265. In extenso. Orig. in State Paper's, Scotland.] 642. James, Duke of Chatellerault to M. de Seurre, the French Ambassador in England. 15.59-60, March 21. — Having been informed that he has told the Queen of England and her Council that the writer and the other Lords have sought pardon from the King and Queen of France for their rebellion, he denies that he has ever done so ; and if M. de Seurre or any other Frenchmen (the King excepted) maintains the same, it is false. The Duke has a hundred gentlemen of his family, the least of whom is M. de Seurre's equal, and who will when he is discharged from the office of ambassador avouch body to body in this quarrel that he has falsely and maliciously lied. — Hamilton, 21 March 1559. Copy endorsed by Cecil. French. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 267. In extenso. Another copy ht State Papers, Scotland ] 643. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1559-60, March 21 . — Sends letters addressed to himself from the Queen Dowager of Scotland and brought by one of her Trumpets, who arrived here yesterday, rather, he thinks, to espy our doings here than for any other purpose, as therefore let him make no stay here but sent him back immediately. Has in return sent an English Trumpet with letters (copy whereof he encloses) to do the like by her. There also arrived yesterday from Scotland a Frenchman called Guillaume Chaperon, who passed lately from De Sevré, the French Ambassador there, with the Scottish hearld. Has learned from him that the French Ensigns, of whom he wrote in his last letter, have now directed their journey towards Glasgow, with the intent, as the said Guillaume says, to raise a siege laid to Lord Symple's house by the Duke of Chastelherault. It is, however, most untrue that the Duke has attempted any such matter, or they would certainly have heard of it from Thos. Randall. The truth is that, as far as they can learn, the French, perceiving that the said Duke and the others begin to assemble their power for the appointed meeting, intend to do what they can to impeach and disturb the same, and for that purpose have repaired to Glasgow as the place of assembly of the said Lords in the western parts. Sends also herewith the copy of the complaints made by the French Ambassador against N 2 196 Mr. Winter, together with the latter's reply thereto. To-morrow they intend to repair to Berwick, where they have ordered the army to certainly assemble and encamp on Monday night. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 13d. Haynes, p. 266. In extenso. Grig, in State Papers, Scotland. ~] 644. The Privy Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1559-60, March 22. — Sir Nicholas Le Strange has tarried longer by reason of the French proceedings with the Queen tending to persuade and entice her to surcease from all hostility. The French King sent hither of late one M. Montluc, Bishop of Valence, to gain time. The Queen is determined Norfolk shall proceed according to his former instructions, and at the time appointed Lord Grey shall enter Scotland, and with the aid of the Scots expel the French, and such Scots as take their part against the liberty of their country. For the more speedy execution thereof the Queen now sends by Le Strange the ratification of the articles agreed upon between Norfolk and the Lord Lieutenant of Scot- land, to be signified to them with all speed, lest any doubt of slackness be occasioned, and delivered to them on receipt of hostages by Norfolk. If after the entry any French men would depart out of Scotland, they are to have safe conduct, which is to be notified to them. As for com- mission from Lord Grey to exercise martial affairs it is found on examina- tion of Norfolk's commission it is sutficient that he be deputed by Norfolk. Endorsed:— 22 March 1559. Copy. l\pp- [Haynes, p. 267. In extenso.] 645. John Middleton to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1559-60, March 24. — " Whereas I have written unto you of the Count de Feria's departure into Spain, here is, since that time, another post come from the King with letters to the said Count, whereupon it is bruited that the Count doth appoint to go into England, but I do not certainly know it. Nevertheless, I do much suspect it to be true that he shall come, but not so soon, for on Tuesday last he did ride post from Brussels to Louvaine to visit my lady Dormer, unto whom at his departure he said these words, " Madame, 1 trust to be in England sooner than you do think." The Prince of Orange said, the night before he departed from Brussels, unto the Count d'Egmont openly at supper, that the Count de Feria told him that he should go again into England, at the which he did not a little marvel, for that he had told him before that he would never come more there, because he loved the country so evil. Here is a great bruit that all the ships and certain ot the galleys, which were appointed to go to Tripoli, are appointed to come from Malta into France to serve the French King, which I do hardly credit ; but I heard the Count say that the matters of England were the occasion why that journey was stayed. There be three score and six ships, fifty galleys, 8,000 venturers, 20,000 men paid, that were appointed for that journey ; but lately I have bp en letters that they have fallen out amongst them- selves, insomuch that there be eight thousand men killed amongst them. All the Spaniards that should have been discharged here to go into Spain be stayed again. The King hath levied [at] this present throughout all these Low Countries ten of every hundred of money. By certain report of the Count de Feria's mouth, the French King with his brethren and others by conspiracy had like to have been taken in France, of the which 1 will write no more, because 1 think the Queen's Ambassador 197 there hath informed you of it. They be here almost at their wits' end, because they do not know what the Germans do mind to do, otherwise than as they do suspect that they will set upon Metz in Lorraine. Sir Thomas Gresham is so cried out of for taking up of the money in Antwerp that he hath made a dry bourse. If his credit there by any means may be hindered, it shall be, and so it hath been told me, and I do know that there shall be all the practises made that may be with speed. 1 am told that there is practising for a marriage to be made betwixt the Prince of Spain and the Lady Katherine Grey, which is not of the best liked for divers respects, and by some hindered. The Bishop un- doubtedly hath written marvellously against the Queen : amongst other things he hath said that the Queen told him that she did set up the cross in her chapel only to content him, and not otherwise. Thus for this time I do leave to trouble you any further, most humbly praying you to advertise me of the receipt of my letters, as also to consider my other letters." — Brussels, 24 March. [Postscript.'] "Whereas the Count de Feria was appointed to come into England since the Regent, and he hath had great consultation with the nobility of this country, and they have agreed to send Monsieur de Glasion, master of the ordnance, who is one of the Council, and of the Order of the Toison, otherwise called the Golden Fleece ; he is a man of few words but very wise, he cometh into England. The King of Spain certainly hath sent hither to know what number of ships may be made ready throughout all these Low Countries, and in what, space they may be made ready, and as I am credibly informed by one unto whom the Count hath told it secretly, there is such a number that England is not able to make the third part so many, notwithstanding one of the Queen's ships shall be better than three of the others. I had thought that things would have fallen out otherwise than now they be like to do. Here is all the world against England. They do say that the Duke of Alva cometh into France. The Bishop of Aquila, the King's Ambassador there, sent his physician hither unto the Count de Feria, who, for the space of two or three days together, was secretly conferring with the Duchess of Parma and the said Count, who now is returned again into England." Endorsed by Cecil .— " 24 Martii 1559. Huggvns to W. Ce." 646. The Queen's Proclamation concerning Peace. 1560, March 24. — A Proclamation declaring the Queen's purpose to keep peace with France and Scotland, and to provide for the surety of her kingdom. 1. Although it is evidently seen, not only by the Queen's subjects but also by many strangers in all parts of Christendom, what occasions have of late been given and continued by the French that she should fear the invasion of this realm by way of Scotland, yet she notifies her intent therein. 2. She thinks that the injurious pretences made by the Queen of Scots to this realm proceed from the principals of the House of Guise, who now have the chief governance of the Crown of France, and that neither the French King (who by reason of his years is not capable of such an enterprise) nor the Queen of Scots, his wife, (also being in her minority) nor yet the Princes of the blood royal and other estates of France have imagined such an unjust enterprise. The house of Guise, for their private advancement exalting their niece, the Queen of Scots, 198 have thus injuriously set forth and in time of peace continued in public the arras of England and Ireland in the name of their niece ; and have used the authority of the King and Queen to enterprise the eviction of the crown of Scotland out of the power of the natural people of the land, and thereby to proceed with force, meaning to invade England. The Queen takes these insolent attempts to be but the abuse of the house of Guise during the minority of the King and Queen, and without the consent of the greater states of France ; and being desirous to keep peace with all Princes, and also with France and Scotland, she notifies that she is forced to put in order, to her great charge, certain forces by see and land for the safeguard of England. Yet she intends not any hostilities, as she has required of the Cardiual of Lorraine and his brother, and by means of them, of the French King, that these insolent titles and claims might cease and be revoked ; and that there might be a natural governance granted to the people of Scotland, that they may live in their due obedience to their Queen without further oppression and fear of conquest ; that the men of war of France in Scotland might be revoked, being, by reason of the French in their claims against this kingdom, dangerous to be so nigh. It has been offered that they should have safe conduct by water or by land, or both, for their departure ; and that according to their ceasing from arms the Queen's power by land and sea should also cease. To these requests the Queen can get no answer, although much time has been spent to her excessive charge, and to the delay of concord. 3. Finally she declares she will keep peace with France and Scotland so long as no invasion be made upon her countries, dominions, or people ; and will procure by good and fair means that concord may be had in Scotland, and the French men of war depart without harm and in surety ; if they will not, she must of necessity attempt to compel them. 4. She therefore charges her subjects to use with friendship all the French King's subjects, as in times of peace, except they be provoked by any hostility ; and although of late intolerable injuries have been com- mitted in France against the crown of England, yet to judge thereof not otherwise than the Queen is pleased to think and judge. They shall make no other preparations for war, but for the defence of the realm. For better intelligence "hereof, site lias 'willed this' fo be proclaiiïiéd in English and French, although the same has been declared to the French King, the principals of the House of Guise in France, the Queen Dowager of Scotland, and all the Ambassadors of France here resident, whereunto no answer can be obtained. Draft, tvith Cecil's additions. 7 pp. [Haynes, p. 261. In extenso. Another copy in State Papers, Foreign.'] 647. M. dp: Seurre (French Ambassador in London) to the Duke of Chatellerault. 15(50, March 28. — As he came from the Queen's presence one Mr. Harris, a clerk of the Council, presented him in the lower court of the palace with a letter purporting to come from the Duke to the writer, in which he says it has come to his knowledge that he has reported to the Queen and her Council that he (the Duke) has lately sent to the King and Queen of France to ask pardon, &c. [See 21 March 1560, No. 642.] The writer cannot think the letter was written by the Duke, not having received it from one of his servants, &c, nor that he would give the lie so unjustly to the Ambassador of so great a prince, <&c. He will 199 not tail to reply that the suspicion is altogether false, and that in the first place, being the King's Ambassador, he cannot be held a reporter nor dealer in reports either to the Queen of England, her Council, or any other persons. Secondly, as to the crimes he alleged the Duke commit f ed, he declares he never said so, and never would have said so without authority from the King, to whom he leaves the quarrel, and to whom alone he will render his account thereof. When it shall please God to unite the King and the Duke, the latter will learn what good offices the writer has done him. If any lord or person of the same rank, from the hundred gentlemen of the Duke's family, will accuse him before the said King of having uttered the said words in the manner asserted he will tell him, when relieved of his functions as Ambassador, and with the King's permission, he lies, and so maintain in arms, body to body, &c. — London, 28 March 1560. Original. French. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 270. In extenso.] 648. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, March 28. — Sends letters received yesternight from Thomas Randall. The Trumpet whom he sent to the Queen Dowager of Scotland also returned yesterday, and one of her Trumpets with him, with letters addressed to himself, which he sends herewith. Has written to the Queen Dowager that the Lord Grey with her Majesty's army is presently to enter into Scotland, as he was directed to do by his instructions under her Majesty's hand. The said army has been delayed by the late coming of the treasure, but march on this day and will encamp for the night at Dunglas, and trusts they will keep the day appointed with the Duke of Chastelherault and the Lords of the Scots, who, as he understands, are assembled with their powers and coming forwards ; but whether the Earl of Huntley be arrived with them or not, he cannot tell. Mr. Winter is appointed to receive the hostages and to send them hither. If the weather had not been somewhat stormy they had been here ere this time. [2>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 13d. Haynes, p. 271 . In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland^ 649. The Duke of Norfolk to Sni W. Cecil. 1560, March 31. — They shave now (thanks be to God) gotten the army forward, who lay at Dunglas this night past, and hope to meet with the Scots at the appointed day. If he should tell him what ado they had to make the money stretch to content everybody, he " wold petye to see the Quene's Lyeutenant to lye to gage for so much money as now he does." Sends herewith a brief declaration of the expenses here since his coming, which he doubts not her Majesty and the Council will well consider, and how foraging, robbing, and wasting of the country cannot now be permitted unless they will make enemies of friends. On the other part Cecil knows well enough " howe mutynows Englishmen be when they cannot have their ordynarye nesessarys." There was a rumour, on my Lord Hume's coming from Edinburgh, that when our army was entered, he, with those whom he was able to make, would set fire in England, but they have provided such sauce for him that he thinks he will deal not in such matter, u but if he do fire but on Haygoff, he shall not go to Hume agayn without torchlight, and peradventur may fynd a lanterne at his own House." 200 For this consideration, as well as for conveying of convoys, has levied certain light horsemen here in the Wardenries, who he hopes will keep them in quiet. And as he would be loth to be left at home without some man able to take a charge if need be, has stayed here Sir F. Leeke and another of his country called Sir John Foster, the only man to serve in Northumberland. Assures him that, for his knowledge of the country and other experience, he knows not how he could have spared Mr. Leeke. Complains of the conduct of Lord Dacres, who, he assures Cecil, is the " undutyfullest subject of England." His unaptness has so dis- ordered the Wardenry that he thinks it will trouble the wisest man who shall be appointed to bring it again to order in one year. Having now declared his opinion, trusts that whatsoever may chance he will be, held discharged of his duty. [Postscript.] They will do nothing now but hearken for good news of the enterprise northward, and for the coming of the treasure from the south. If Cecil should deal for the placing of a new officer in the West Borders, he must in no wise place the Lord Wharton there, although his wisdom and experience be great, for the Master of Maxwell and he are at deadly feud. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 30. Haynes, p. 274. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.'] 650. The Duke op Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 1. — Received his letters of the 28th of March, on the last of the same. Has himself already written to the Downger (in such sort as Cecil will perceive from the copy of his letters already sent to him), and has also given orders to Lord Grey to follow Cecil's direction in offering courtesy and reason to her and to the French, but as far as he can understand they mean not to accept their offers, but to keep their forts and strength both of Leith and Dunbar, and to abide the extremity thereof. Has advertised Lord Grey of the coining of the Bishop of Valence, to the intent he may communicate the same to the Lords ol Scotland and understand their opinions concerning his usage and entreaty when he shall arrive. In his poor opinion the Bishop will have but a hard passage to Edinburgh or Leith, the Lords being now in arms in the field, especially if the French will stand on their defence, as he thinks they will. Will therefore be glad to understand from Cecil how he shall use him in case he should adventure into Scotland, where he cannot assure his passage in safety. Finally encloses such letters as he has received from the camp, by which Cecil will perceive that the hostages are in the possession of Mr. Winter, and will arrive here as soon as the wind will serve. Prays him to consider that it will be much to her Majesty's honour to have them, being children, well brought up and placed where they may go to school and have learning, either in Cambridge or Oxford, which their parents have earnestly required at his hands. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 14. Haynes, p. 275. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 651. Otto, Duke of Brunswick. 1560, April 2. — Copy of the Queen's letters patent, granting an annuity of 375/. to Otto, Duke of Brunswick, during pleasure. — Westminster, 2 April, 2 Elizabeth. Latin. \\ pp. 201 652. The Luke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 2. — His letters of the 29th March arrived here on the 1st inst. By them they perceive her Majesty's earnest desire to have this matter accorded by Treaty (if it may be compassed without loss of time), that Scotland may be put to due freedom and the force removed from thence ; or if the same will not be accepted, that then no further delay should be made, by which the present great expense would be much increased. In these two points they have already done as much as they can do, and have now again written to Lord Grey trusting that he will ensure the same accordingly. They are indeed of opinion, as they re- solved with Lord Grey before his departure, that if the French will accept the offers made to them the matter will be composed without force ; and if not, they see not but that extremity must follow, and as far as they can learn, the French are prepared to abide the same. The pursuivant whom they sent to the Dowager is not yet returned, but on his return they expect to hear somewhat of their disposition, which they will com- municate forthwith. Have had no advertisements from the camp since their last despatch, but hear that the English and Scottish powers are joined together, and tru^t that if the French will not come to reasonable accord, Lord Grey will use no delay to end the matter otherwise. The battery pieces and munition shipped at Newcastle are already in the Frith, but as yet hear nothing of the battery pieces nor of the armour shipped at London. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 14d. Haynes, p. 276. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 653. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 4. — Send letters received this morning from the camp. It seems by the Queen Dowager's answer to the pursuivant, Henry Hay, that she will agree to no composition till she may have authority thereto from France. The said pursuivant was, however, on his return taken and detained at Dunbar by the French (whether by direction of the Dowager or not he cannot tell), but on that account he cannot know certainly what answer he received. Indeed, by their proceedings hitherto, it seems that they mind nothing less than to end this matter by amicable treaty. Neverthless, all that may be honourably attempted to induce them thereunto shall not be neglected on their part, and if they will not b;) induced to reasonable accord, they trust that all diligence will be exerted to end the matter otherwise. If, however, they find that any unnecessary delay is made, Sir Ralph Sadleir shall be sent to the camp in accordance with her Majesty's desire. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 14d. Haynes, p. 277. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 654. The Queen of Scots' Claim to the English Crown. 1560, April 5. — Memorial, in Sir Wm. Cecil's hand, of injuries committed by the French since the treaty of the last peace. Relates principally to the assumption by the Queen of Scots and her husband of the title of King and Queen of England and Ireland. Endorsed by Cecil : — " 5 Aprilis 1560. Memorial of wrongs done by France." [1 p. Haynes, pp. 277, 278. In extenso.] 202 6.55. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil, 1560, April 0. — Enclose letters from the camp, by one of which it will appear that Lord Grey is inclined to besiege Edinburgh Castle, which, for their pari, they think not expedient, as they have answered him already. Because, in the first place, they consider that her Majesty would, as they take it, wish no such extremity to be used to the Queen Dowager, who is in the said castle ; and again, because they think it might be the means, not only of making Lord Erskine an utter enemy (who perchance may be a friend, or at least a neutral), but also ot withdrawing the hearts of the Scottish nation from us, "when they shall see us leave the pursuit of the French enemy in Leith, and assail the Scots in Edinburgh Castle." Nevertheless they beg Cecil to consider it and to advise them of her Majesty's pleasure therein. Lord Grey and the rest are much perplexed by what they hear of the recalling of the Navy out of the Frith (which indeed, in their opinion, ought not to be done so long as the army shall remain in Scotland), but they trust that the doubt thereof will cause them to use the more expedition in their enterprise, which they will not fail to urge by all the means they can devise. [_D. of Norfolk's Entry Book,îo\. 15. Haynes, p. 278. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland. 1 ^ 656. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 7. — Yesternight the Bishop of Valence arrived here, bringing her Majesty's letters directing him, the Duke of Norfolk, to provide for his safe conduct to the Queen Dowager of Scotland. This is somewhat difficult for him to accomplish, considering that the Duke of Chastelherault and his companions are now in arms in the field, the said Dowager in Edinburgh Castle, and the French shut up in Leith ; but on his showing the Bishop what danger might happen to him in his passage, he replied somewhat hotly that he had not, nor would not have come hither but at her Majesty's desire, and that for her Majesty's cause, and not for the Scots' sake he desired to travel between the Dowager and them to make an accord, for which purpose he said- he would bestow his labour if he, the Duke, would undertake for his safety. This, however, he durst not assure him, but promised to do for him all that he could if he would make the venture. In the end the Bishop has resolved to send a man of his own with his letters enclosed, both to the dowager and to the Duke of Chastelherault, and upon their answer thinks he will resolve either to go forward or to return, as he shall see cause. In the meantime, as it is not meet that he should abide longer in this town, begs to be informed of her Majesty's pleasure, and what shall be done further in this behalf. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 15d. Haynes, p. 279. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] '>}"'.« '"'it îo f'Ufd H t ['~- L ill inYf 'fïf ci fiji' ï { > fct9 fcff — • c <~&.\'\\\-ir Qr)<»f 657. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to Sir W. Ce< tl. 1560, April 7. — Encloses letters from Lord Grey by which he will perceive the French bravery and the hot skirmishes before Leith, and also such conference as hath passed between the Queen Dowager, and Sir Jas. Crofts, and Sir G. Howard, It seems thereby that she could be content to have this, matter taken up and to win time by treaty. 203 Whereof, as they think it good that she should not have the advantage ; so if she will accept such reasonable offers as have been made unto her, they think the matter might be well ended. But forasmuch as she seems to doubt what surety can be made unto her of her subjects, who have given hostages upon a contract made with a foreign Prince, they doubt whether she means to come to any such end or good conclusion as may be for their surety and the freedom of Scotland; which, never- theless, they refer to be considered by their wisdom. Beg to be informed of her Majesty's pleasure therein with such speed as the case requires. At the writing hereof the hostages arrived here; pray that their former request for their education may be remembered. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 15d. Haynes, p. 279. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 658. The Spantsh Ambassador's Declaration to Sir Francis Knollys. 1560, April 8. — 1. The ambassador says that King Philip well allows that the Queen has stood upon her guard ; to the end that she might have her realm in safety, and out of the danger of the French, and that matters might be so arranged in Scotland that the rebels should be chastised. His master has therefore sent him to be a mediator between the French King and the Queen for a conclusion of peace, and reforma- tion of all injuries ; but he finding, contrary to his expectations, that the Queen's army has entered Scotland, he cannot proceed according to the tenor of embassage ; lie therefore requires the Queen to revoke her army or abstain from force for 40 or 50 days, until he advertises his master, and receives answer in that behalf. His master would not leave the French destitute of his aid to the chastening of the rebels in Scotland, if the Queen takes part with them ; unto which request they require speedy answer. The effect of the answer the writer supposes must be that since the Queen cannot eschew the imminent danger of the French unless they remove their force, or else by force they be removed, the Queen has not done unjustly in sending her forces into Scotland, and it is not meet to revoke the same unless the French remove their men-of-war, upon due acknowledging by the Scots of their allegiance to their Queen, and her husband the French King; this has been offered to the French Ambassadors, and by them thought reason- able. Unless it appears that the French had ruled in Scotland according to compacts made between the two realms, and that the Scots had rebelled without breach of compacts offered to them, the English hope that the King Catholic will not assist the French to the bondage of the Scots and satisfying of the French, who thereby seek the conquest of this realm. Endorsed by Cecil : — 8 April 1560. Drafts by Knollys. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 280. In extenso.] 659. Answer to the Declaration of M. de Glasion, the Spanish Ambassador. 1560, April 9. — The King Catholic having excused the Queen's preparations and allowed them, would have advised her, had he heard her Ambassadors before despatching his instructions to M. de Glasion, not to endure the danger the realm stood in by the French proceedings m Scotland. Her Ambassadors to the King Catholic arrived a t Toledo last March, and she will surely hear other advice after their declaration 204 of her grievances. M. de Glasion requiring her to revoke her army for 40 or 50 days, the Queen in reply doubts not, when his master is well informed how long she has endured the danger, how loth to be con- strained to do as she has done for safeguard of the realm, he will rather use his office, that a treaty may be had. To make such accord the Queen is most willing, and will be content to take advice of M. de Glasion, and the King Catholic's Ambassador, so they be content to be informed of her proceedings and the causes thereof. She requires them to suspend their judgments if she think it not convenient to revoke her army. A brief information to M. de Glasion, of the Queen's proceedings from the beginning. 1. When it was understood last year, soon after the peace, that the French King was provoked by the Duke of Guise and the Cardinal and his sister, the Queen Dowager, in Scotland, to entitle their niece, the Queen of Scots, to the crown of England, and to discover it to the world, and it was covertly signified to the Queen from the King Catholic by Count Feria and by John de Ayalu and the Bishop of Aquila, the Queen thought to cover her understanding hereof, and trusted that the House of Guise should not so prevail for their own particular ambition, as to cause the French King to enter into open war for the same. 2. Yet when the practice increased and the Dauphin and his wife revealed to the world this intent, by taking the arms of England and despitefully hung them up in June last in all open places of triumphs in Paris, yea, upon the stage where the judges sat upon the tourney there, and the heralds of the Dauphin were newly arrayed therewith, the Queen of England began to look more about her. 3. Yet not to make any open quarrel, she caused her ambassador to complain thereof, »s of his own mind, to the Constable, who, though he made himself ignorant thereof, because he said the Messieurs de Guise intermeddled in those matters, and that the marriage was made whilst he was prisoner in Flanders, yet lie willed the ambassador to forbear further complaint, for he would speak to them of Guise, and it should be remedied. 4. Hereupon the King died, the administration came to the hands of the Cardinal and his brother, whereupon followed more manifestations of their purpose. Besides the universal changing of the Scottish Queen's arms in her clothes of state, her hangings, her plate and vessels, her chapel, her writings, seals, styles, &c, her evil words of the Queen's right, they began divers preparations at sea, rigging their ships, amassing along the coasts of Picardy and Normandy great quantities of victuals, setting in order at Calais and all other ports great quantity of artillery, specially of brass pieces, as cannon ; and they began also to send and practise secretly in Almayn for bands of horsemen and footmen. 5. All this they coloured under pretence of subduing a few of the nobility and gentlemen of Scotland, whom the Queen there sought to have put to death for certain quarrels she pretended against them, for matters of religion, having only the last Lent before licensed the same to use the freedom of their conscience, to receive the Sacrament under both kinds. 6. The matter is notorious how the conquest of that realm was diverse ways sought, upon which so much is to be said, as it is too great shame for the French ministers there to have their practices disclosed, but the matter is to be heard betwixt the French King's ministers and the subjects of the land. 205 7. When these things had proceeded two or three months, the Queen, on deliberation with her Council, finding the matter very dangerous and likely to break out with speed, as soon as they might convey their powers into Scotland, thought it most necessary to review her ships, send for armour and munition bought in the Low Countries, and muster her realm. 8. From June to September great quantity of victuals, munition, and artillery were carried by the French into Scotland, as well as men, and doubting the French finesse might be to pretend a tumult in Scotland, and afterwards suddenly accord all these quarrels, join their forces, invade England and surprise Berwick, the Queen, therefore, had the garrisons of Berwick augmented, and in November made preparation for furnishing it and the other forts. 9. Then came intelligence from France of the great number of ships there prepared to conduct men into Scotland, that La Bross and the Bishop of Amiens had gone, and Martignes and the Marquis D'Elbœuf were to follow, both with large forces ; whereupon there was thought no way more convenient to withstand so dangerous a matter than to augment the navy, &c. Cecil's holograph with endorsement : — " Y e first opinio for answ r to Môsr. de Grlasiô, 9 April 1560." 5 pp. [Haynes, p. 281. In extenso.~\ 660. The Duke of "Norfolk to the Queen. 1560, April 9. — Although he has not written to her Majesty since his arrival here, nothing having occurred of sufficient importance for him to trouble her Highness withal, has yet, according to the directions of her Majesty and the Council, sent in the army under the conduct of Lord Grey, the governance whereof hitherto he trusts will in no wise mislike her Majesty. In what case they now stand between war and peace the bearer hereof (who hath been at the debating of the whole matter with the Queen Dowager of Scotland) can better instruct her Highness than his rude pen can declare. Trusts that when her Majesty has considered the whole of the circumstances, ^he will find no wanr. of duty in him, nor yet in any that have the doing of her Highness' service here in accomplishing and fulfilling their directions. — Berwick. \_D. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 16d. Haynes, p. 283. In extenso.'] 661. Viscount Montagu and Sir Thos. Chamberlayne to the Privy Council. 1560, April 10. — For declaration of their proceedings and the King's answer they refer to their letter to the Queen which they send by sea with this express messenger, within the King's packet through Fiance. The King is very well disposed to take the honour in compounding all things in this case, and had therein travailed with the French King before their arrival, upon the Bishop of Aquila's advertise- ment, which serves to good purpose, insomuch that they gather from the Duke of Alva that the French King is already brought to good purpose, the conclusion hanging upon these points : the French King would leave the Queen's title and style, using the arms only in the nether quarter of his wife's arms ; he would pardon the Scots of all things past, and leave them to their ancient liberties and government with some personage amongst them ; but in respect of alteration of religion he would not endure it, neither would this King counsel him thereto. He will be content to revoke his extraordinary power in Scotland, reserving a small garrison for four holds only, which he minds to keep with three or four ensigns in a piece. This King thinks meet to take advantage of the time to treat upon compounding of this matter with all expedition, whilst the tumults in France endure, and for that purpose sends now in post one Garcia Lass to treat with the French King ; and for greater speed turns the matter towards their Lordships to be concluded, lest in sending to and fro to him the opportunity might be lost, and the French King, finding his tumults appeased, would stand firmer in the matter. Their abode seems likely to be chargeable to the Queen and a discredit to themselves, as they find no disposition to rectify the treaties, the meaning whereof they cannot understand. The French King, like as he had proved to have borrowed of this King his ships and Spaniards in Flanders, has also now sent one of his chamber to the King of Portugal, to crave passage for his galleys by his realm, as also to borrow some of his ships only rigged with tackle and ordnance, offering good assurance of merchants for restitution of the same. The French sow here slanderous bruits, imputing the cause of all their tumults to the English as fautors of the Protestant religion, knowing the same best to serve their turn to induce this King to hearken to the matter as the only thing meetest to move him. They think the Council has heard of the risings in Provence. The Pope's nuncio newly arrived here saw 4,000 or 5,000. Two ambassadors of the Emperor have very courteously visited the writers, acknowledging the good entertainment received by their master's ministers in England. — Toledo, 10 April 1560. 2\ pp. [Haynes, p. 285. In extenso.~\ 662. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 20. — Although in their general letters they have sufficiently declared the whole state of things here, thinks it good to tell him plainly (as one with whom he is always bold to impart his whole mind, for the great friendship he has found ; in him) what their conjectures are. As the case now stands the matter between the French and them depends on the agreement between them and the Queen Dowager of Scotland on certain articles which Sir (x. Howard is now bringing to Cecil. These, although they seem but small, do, when they shall be well weighed, under the colour of a true pretence to seek amitie and peace, cloak that which he is afraid, if it be not well considered, may turn her Majesty at this time to save a pound, and ere it be long cause her to spend ten. Is sure Cecil can well enough consider that so long- as the Dowager remaineth the ruler, with a garrison of French, be it never so small, they may, when their strength is ready and ours unfurnished, quickly revenge themselves on those whom her Majesty hath now taken to her protection. In this case, he thinks, her Majesty's honour and the surety of her realm is much to be regarded, for either it will come to this pass or else, for necessity's sake, the Scots, to make amends, will be fain to join themselves with the French to be our utter enemies. Begs him therefore not to let a small expense now cast away all that hath already been spent. — Berwick. [/X of Norfolk's Entry Book,îo\. 16. Haynes, p. 284. In extenso. Oricf. in State Papers, Scotland^] 207 663. The Duke of Norfolk and his Council to the Privy Council. 1560, April 10. — Have presently received letters from the camp in cipher, which, being deciphered, they send herewith, with other letters addressed from thence to Mr. Secretary. By the same it will appear to their Lordships, not only how loth the Scots are to have this matter compounded hy treaty, unless the Queen Dowager be deprived of lier government here, and the same be left to some of the nobility of the Scottish nation, and the whole force and power of the French be removed out of Scotland (without which they think themselves in no surety) ; but also what difficulty there is on their side in winning to Leith, if the matter come to force, without the supply of a greater number both of soldiers and of pioneers. These cannot be obtained so quickly as the case requires unless it is thought meet by their Lordships that her Majesty should be at the charge of entertaining such a number of the Scots as may serve the turn. The two thousand soldiers who should have been here by the 25th of March, arrived only yesternight, and to- morrow will depart hence towards Lord Grey ; so that when they are altogether there will be eight thousand soldiers and seven hundred pioneers, besides the horsemen, and yet the circuit of Leith is so great, and there are so many soldiers in it (supposed to be at the least three thousand five hundred French, and five hundred Scots), that this number is not thought sufficient to prevail against it. Remind their Lordships that, being thus far entered into the matter, if it cannot be ended by treaty it must be followed with such effect as not to leave the enterprise unachieved, although it may be chargeable to her Majesty. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 16d. Haynes, p. 284. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 664. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, April 11. — She has received his letters of 6th and 7th inst.,with letters from Lord Grey out of Scotland, and allows the advice given by him to Grey not to intermeddle with the siege of Edinburgh Castle for the reasons alleged, as well out of reverence for the Queen's person as for avoiding offence to the Scots ; allows also the offers made to the Dowager, provided time is not lost thereby for the exploit against Leith. As Grey cannot attend to both the martial affairs and a treaty, Sadler should repair to the camp to proceed in the treaty with all diligence. She wishes to have that matter of Scotland accorded rather by communication than by force of bloodshed. Sadler shall assure the Dowager in the Queen's name that she means nothing more than the preservation of England, which her daughter challenged, and the continuance of that Kingdom in due obedience to be governed by the laws without force of arms. If -it be objected, as always is, by the French, to colour the remaining of their men-of-war, that it is done for subduing of rebellion, she is content that covenants shall be made on her part to give aid to the Queen of Scotland for subduing such as withstand her authority. Of this purpose Sadler shall make the Duke of Châtellerault and his party privy, using their advice, and requiring them to be content. If they have any reason to alter this offer, or part thereof, then Sadler should reform the same according to their opinions, as it may tend to an accord, and not be prejudicial to her realm. In this point Sadler shall use the advice of Grey and Crofts. Divers great causes move the Queen not to reject any probable offers of the Dowager ; for if the matter be 208 not ended by force or treaty shortly, it will he harder to be compassed hereafter, which Sadler may show to the Duke and his party. 2. This instruction Norfolk shall deliver by authority of his office, in the Queen's name, to Sadler signed with his hand, for the warrant of the latter. If any more matter be needful to be committed to him for any other treaty Norfolk is authorised to do so. 3. As to the hostages which he desired to be brought up, according to their parents' requests, in some University, the Queen thinks it better to have them distributed hereabouts to certain of her Bishops, as of Canterbury, London, and Ely, where they may be safely kept and increase their learning. In Grey's letter of the 6th inst, mention is made of the offer of the Dowager to Crofts and Howard ; she likes the good service done by divers gentlemen captains, to whom she doubts not he has given thanks, and now he is to give them thanks expressly from her. Draft. 6^ pp. [Hscynas, p. 286. In extenso .] 665. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 1 1. — Has received letters from the Laird of Lethington which he sends herewith. Has determined to send Sir R. Sadleir to the camp with the footmen who go thither this day, and also, in order to have certain report of their doings and the state of things in the camp, sends with them Sir F. Leeke and a band of horsemen under the con- duct of Sir John Foster. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 17.] 666. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 12. — Encloses letters received this morning, addressed, some to Cecil, some to Sir R. Sadleir, and some to himself. By them Cecil may perceive the great pensiveness and fear the Scots are in of good success of this treaty, wherein he can in no way blame them. What good may come of this communication in the end he knows not, but in the mean time is sure it hath greatly hindered us in the holding of those " who were now determined to take plain part with the Congregation, who all this time have lain still as neutrals." Trusts her Majesty and the Council will consider how it standeth with them, for the safety of the realm, to bring this enterprise to a good end, and " how it is cheaper to finish this war now begun than here- after to begin anew." Lest the Scots should be put in greater fear than necessary, and be driven to desperation, has thought good, till he hears her Majesty's resolute determination, to send Sir Ralph Sadleir and Sir F. Leeke to content them somewhat in the meantime with fair and good words. — Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 17. Haynes, p. 288. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland^] 667. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 15b0, April 14. — She has received his letters, and the charge sent by Sir George Howard, all of which might have been sent by writing or one of less note ; she has returned him with speed. As she would not have the Scots mistrust her, she desires that the siege should be more earnestly prosecuted, and the treaty less regarded ; and the Scots should be informed that she will augment her force by sea and land, lest the 209 French conceive slackness in them. And although this be the outward show, she would not that any reasonable offers of the French for accord be neglected, and indeed the more hardly handled the French be in the siege the better it shall be. As for the two articles touching the expulsion utterly of all the French, and removing the Dowager from her authority, though she will shortly advertise her opinion, yet'now would she have it appear that she will agree no otherwise than for the surety of Scotland. Understanding that she now entertains in Scotland more horsemen than necessary she would have him take Lord Grey's opinion, and if some may be spared it may be done, but so discreetly that neither the French should conceive comfort or the Scots discomfort. Thinking he may find Lord Grey unwilling, she authorizes him to use plainness with him if need be. Endorsed :— 14 April 1560. Draft. 3 pp. [Haynes, p. 288. In extenso.] 668. The Queen to Lord Grey. 1560, April 14. — Has understood from Sir George Howard his whole proceedings, and exhorts him to continue such as she has ever judged him, and to thank those with him for their services, and by name those who adventured themselves at the approach at Leith. Hears much com- mendation of Sir Henry Percy, of Lord Grey's own son Barnaby, and of Knevet (of whose hurt she is very sorry), besides Tremayn, Randall, Ligons, and others. Begs when any notable service is done he will certify herself or some about her for her information. Would wish on the bearer's coming there were some such matter demonstrate as might give the enemy discomfort, and so cause him to come to a better accord ; in this matter he will understand her mind more fully from Norfolk, her lieutenant. Draft. \\ pp. [Haynes, p. 289. In extenso.'] 669. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560 April 15. — Has received Cecil's and her Majesty's letters of the 9th inst., by which he gathers the good will her Majesty has to accord these great matters with an amicable peace, for which cause she wishes Sir R. Sadleir to be sent thither, who is already gone. Her Majesty doth gather " no frustratt opinion " in chosing him as her instrument for, making no comparison, he is the best esteemed with the Scots of any Englishman, and by his credit there is able to do most for her Majesty's service. Has, nevertheless, for the better executing of her Highness's pleasure therein, sent him the articles drawn out of her Majesty's letter the accomplishment whereof he does no more mistrust than if he were present there himself, This day there is past by here 27 or 28 sail of ships, which they are in good hope contain the ordnance ; if so, it will much avail her Majesty's service here. [Postscript.] They need fear no hurt that may befall by the Bishop's man, for he went no further than the Scottish camp. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. I7d. Haynes, p. 290. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 670. The Qeeen to Lord Grey. 1560, April 16. — Understanding that the Lords of the Council be brought to some perplexity by conference lately had with the French, wherein they doubt they shall not be sufficiently provided for their surety, and upon intelligence given them that it was not likely for lack of money i 84066. O 210 and such like that the purpose should be prosecuted by her army to the end, the Queen is sorry the cause is so hindered. Requires him to remedy this and recomfort them with the assurance that " we mean to keep our covenants with them, and to make no accord but for their surety, nor spare anything to reduce this purpose to good end." in approaching the town he is to omit nothing that may tend to compel the French to come to treaty or accord, or to depart or to be surprised. Sir Ralph Sadler had better attend to the treaty, not Lord Grey, who is to do his best to force the French to it, ike. Trusts the rest of the battery is with him. Endorsed: — 16 April 1560. Cecil's draft, 1 p. [Haynes, p. 292. In extenso.] 671. The Queen to Lord Grey and the Council assisting him. 1560, April 16. — By divers means, partly by treaty offered to the Dowager, and partly by doubts cast amongst them that the Queen's army will not continue to the achieving of the purpose for lack of money, the Lords of Scotland in the field are brought into great perplexity, and neutrals hang in suspense, mistrusting the end will be made to their danger and ruin. The Queen marvels much any person should suggest doubts, and requires them to redub this, to establish the Scots in good comfort, and to abate the courage of the French, making both to under- stand she will not leave her covenants unperformed, &c. Endorsed : — 16 April 1560. Cecil's draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 292. In extenso.] 672. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, April 16. — Perceiving by his letters of 12 April the perplexity of the Lords of Scotland by reason of the treaty had with the French by Sir James Crofts and Sir George Howard, which they doubt would prove nothing to the surety of the realm, &c, the Queen is grieved at such a result. He is with all diligence to advertise Lord Grey and the rest that the Queen never meant any treaty should be had with the French but with the knowledge and consent of the Scots, nor any thing concluded, but to the benefit of Scotland, nor any stay of the siege till accord were either made with Scotland or were very likely to be made. He (Lord Grey) is instructed to demonstrate her mind to keep all covenants between her and the Scots, and to lose no time towards the siege ; yet to neglect no offers of the French tending to the accord with Scotland. If by communication peace might be had, that should not be dangerous to Scotland, the Queen had rather have the same in that sort than by force. The report of lack of money is doubly foolish. 1°. There was no lack many days past, nor will be as soon as the treasurer shall come. 2°. If there has been any lack, it was not the part of any good minister to utter it to the discomfort of the Scots. If Lord Grey should lack numbers in prosecuting the siege, it were better to take Scottishmen into wages than to send for English. She suspends sending a special- man, as she wrote by Sir G. Howard, consi- dering Sir R. Sadler is gone thither. Endorsed: — 16 April 1560. Cecil's draft. 2^ pp. [Haynes, p. 291. In extenso.] 673. The Privy Council to Lord Grey and his Council. 1560, April 16. — They are troubled to learn that the Lords of Scotland received discomfort, and the French the contrary, by the late treaty with 211 the Dowager, and by reports that the Queen's army would not long continue there tor want of money. The Queen writes presently to him how much it miscontenteth her ; they, after thanking him and his Council for their «reat pains, advertise them that it is necessary to redub the wound given, and by prosecution of the siege and light estimation of the treaty to demonstrate to friends and to the enemy that they mean to pursue the cause with all vehemence. The Queen and her Council have fully determined not to desist the achieving the enterprise, either for expense of treasure or men, &c. Endorsed : — 16 April 1560. Cecil's draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 292. In extenso.'] 674. Wm. Maitland to Lady Cecil. 1560, April 18. — Has delayed writing how things have proceeded lest he should increase her care. If once clear of all terms of treaty he sees no likelihood but of good success. Saving that they stand in doubt that the Queen may be entreated to fall to a communication, he sees nothing yet to be misliked. The Lord St. John will shortly be directed to the Queen. — Camp before Leith, 18th April 1.560. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 293. In extenso. ~] 675. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 18. — Hopes he will not think him remiss in sending advertisements of the proceedings here, assuring him that either in his general letters to the Lords of the Council, or else in his private letters to himself, he has certified as much M as his harte did knowe ;" and for his better satisfaction concerning all things and opinions at the camp has moreover sent his cousin, Sir Geo. Howard, as better able to certify them than his own rude pen. Has had no messenger from Lord Grey since Monday morning, but hears from some Scottish espials that there was a great skirmish on that day. \_D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. I7d. [Haynes, p. 293. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.'] 676. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 18. — Whereas he wrote that on Monday last a skirmish occurred at Leith, Mr. Leeke is now arrived here who saw the whole and certifieth of certainty that it was one of the hottest skirmishes that ever he saw ; and there were killed and hurt on either side (as he saith) a hundred and forty or a hundred and sixty. It was hard to judge who had the better; on our side there was none above the degree of a Lieutenant slain ; Capt. Barkleye was hurt and taken ; Mr. Arthur Gray shot through the shoulder, but thanks be to God, in no danger ; Bryan Fitzwilliams shot through the leg ; and of the French, one of their • chiefest captains slain called " Monsieur Chapper." Hopes this will be a lesson to them that have the charge there to keep their men out of Edinburgh. Thinks, as far as he can gather by the report, there were at the skirmish almost one half of the footmen. Captain Reede and Captain Vaughan, as he is informed, showed themselves very stout and valiant at the said skirmish. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 18. Haynes, p. 294. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] o 2 212 677. French Marine Affairs. 15b'0, April 19. — Two acquittances given by captains of ships and merchants to M. Jehan Lat, Treasurer of the Marine, for the King of France. French. I p. 678. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 19. — Her Majesty's letters, and his of the 26th of this present, were the best welcome of any since his arrival here. For now they know that her Majesty will go through, either by fair or foul means, as shall seem most agreeable for the surety of both the realms here. Has this night despatched Her Majesty's letters to Lord Grey, in whom of any there lacks least good will of forwardness ; " ther be others that cast perrils, if the skye fall we shall have larks." Their letters will, he liO'pes, " redubbe this longe slackness." The Lords of Scotland and they are agreed that if Her Majesty would be contented that Edinburgh Castle should be taken, it would much ad- vance the expedition of the taking of the other, for they think she doth more hurt than five hundred of the French. She " sendeth contynuallye upp and downe," which cannot be remedied without a siege ; this may be done and no slackness used towards Leith, which, he is assured, they will have in four days. She were better to be at the Queen's courtesy than we at hers, and the taking and demolishing of it will do the realm no hurt. Concerning Inchkeith, Cecil will sufficiently understand the state thereof by the Admiral's letters which he will receive herewith. Other news he has none but that the French have gained but little. The Bishop of Valence taketh his journey to-morrow into Scotland, having leave to tarry there eight days in going and coming. Looks for neither good nor bad by his going, and yet he is accounted amongst the Lords of Scotland that know him one of the finest engineers in Christendom. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 18. Haynes, p. 294. hi extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 679. Lord John Grey to Secretary Cecil. 1560, April 20. — Thanks him for his letter and friendship, the con- tinuance of which he requires the rather for that he well understands Cecil is the only maintainer of God's cause and defender of his country. As to the Philippians both abroad and of the Queen's Council, her Highness must either disperse them abroad to their own houses or else wipe them quite out of her Council ; in which number he reckons Lord Arundel, Petre and Mason. AVhat. the writer thinks of Parry the Treasurer he had rather tell him to his face than write it. Too much lenity and gentleness hath marred all ; the Queen should now go through with that she hath begun, because it is God's cause, the common-wealth's safety, and her own surety. As for King Philip's aiding his brother against the heretic Scots, the Queen may (and she will not sleep her matters) win Leith and put the country in some good stay before he shall be able to levy a man. There are but three ways to winning a fort, famine, assault, and the mine ; the last is easiest of all, the ground serving for it. If the Duke of Norfolk have good provision of wheels every ship there may lend him a cannon, and the ship not be a whit the more unfurnished ; so whilst they trench for the placing of their battery, they may with more safety and less suspicion enter their mines. Knows the ground well, and is sure the upper part of the town will be undermined. The coalminers 213 at Newcastle will serve to do it, and begs Cecil to set it awork. The Queen should so countenance Lord Grey with entertainment as to put new courage into him. — From Pyrgo the 20th of April 1560. Endorsed:— 20 April 1560. 2 pp. f HayneSj p. 295. In extenso."] 680. The Duke op Norfolk to Sin W. Cecil. 1560, April 21. — Sends letters received this morning from the camp, by which it appears, that although at the late skirmish it was thought that the loss on our side was great, that of the French was greater ; and that the enterprise to Leith is supposed to be more feasible than before. Intends to send " Levinston the Scott," whom he has stayed here on suspicion, to the Duke of Chastelherault with the next convoy. Begs to be supplied with an alphabet of the cipher which was lately deciphered by " Sommer," certain letters having been lately intercepted which came from Leith to the Dowager, which he thinks he might perhaps decipher by the aid of the said alphabet. Trusts Cecil will send him her Majesty's resolution touching the besieging of Edinburgh Castle and Inchkeith both of which are thought feasible and easy to be done, without hindering any part of the purpose to Leith, and that within a short time. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 18d. Haynes, p. 296. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 681. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, April 23. — Perceives by his letters of the 19th that it is agreed by the Lords of Scotland and her ministers that if she would be content, Edinburgh castle might be taken (and the taking of Leith advanced) within four days. To this proposal and the surprise of Inchkeith, which by Winter's report is hard pressed for victuals, he desires answer. The Queen and Council reply that the matter of Edinburgh Castle shall be well and circumspectly considered. If Lord Grey and his Council think Leilh cannot be otherwise taken with expedition, neither by treaty nor force, they are to use their discretions to attempt Edinburgh. Before force is showed to thé Castle they are to make some honourable offers to the Dowager ; which if she will not accept then they are to proceed to the enterprise, but with honourable considerations towards her person. Inchkeith being well kept from refreshing of victual cannot long endure, therefore she remits it to Lord Grey, his Council, and the Admiral to do what is most necessary, so as the prosecution of the taking of Leith be not neglected. He is to advertise Lord Grey and Council hereof with speed. She marvels not to have heard of any communication betwixt the Queen and the English since the coming away of Sir George Howard, as there was an appoint- ment for six to communicate thereupon. Endorsed:— 23 April 1560. Cecil's Draft. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 297. In extenso.] 682. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 23. — Sends letters received this day from the camp. As he is wont always to be plain with Cecil, must however tell him his " fantasie " in one thing, which is, that he in no way likes the apparent intention of the Scots (if they should relent in any part of their demands, as Lord Grey writes), to give place to have a certain number of French, 214 left in Dunbar ; which he thinks to be too near to " Berwick's chief enemy," that is Eyemouth. Does not say this as if the thing were already agreed upon, but because he would be loth to speak too late ; for if Leith be, as it seems by Lord Grey's letter, shortly to be taken, " there will no way fall out so sure for the safety of the English and the Scots as to win it by force." This, however, is but his foolish opinion. There are two things in Randall's letters to Cecil and himself chiefly to be considered ; the one in Cecil's letter's, " of the Lord Erskine's warning to the Lord James" ; the other in his own, " of the dissembling Bisshop's venemous wordes." [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 18d. Haynes, p. 296. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.^ 683. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, April 25. — Authorises him to appoint lieutenants in the shires which are within the limits of his commission, chosing those who have filled the office before, unless for urgent reasons to the contrary. Sends instructions for deputies, which on perusal he is to adapt as occasion may require. He is to return certificate of his proceedings herein. Endorsed .— -25 April 1560. Minute corrected by Cecil. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 298. In eci'tensoJ] 684. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 26. — Complains of the slowness of his advertisements from Lord Grey. Intends to send a man of his own (Strange), by means of whom he will be able to advertise Cecil both with more speed and more certainty. With reference to Cecil's request to know his opinion concerning the state of Leith and their doings there, will tell his mind, with the protestation he has always made use of heretofore. Leith of itself is accounted no ways strong, nor yet, he believes, when it shall be tried will be found in it half the four thousand men that have been by our fearful men so often named, and yet a great many of their best captains slain and hurt. Must needs say plainly unto him there be two in the field, " the one so far to seek, the other so desperate/' that nothing proceedeth. Lord Grey, to say the truth, showeth himself forward enough, but all is not in him that has been thought. Is a subject and will obey ; but if with his allegiance he may, will rather lie in prison than ever come such a journey, where another shall have the doing and himself the burthen. He dares say that if they would once go in hand withal, Cecil would hear good news within three days after, but he cannot get them to leave off treating, which, Cecil may be sure, " shall never fall to our bent " except they find themselves unable to defend. In order that Cecil may be assured whence all this desperation and treaty cometh, sends herewith a private letter of Mr. Crofts to him with his answer thereto. There is no way to further this matter in his opinion, but by direct forbidding of the treaty and commanding " the battrye with the assaulte." The mariners offer, if they might have the spoil, to enter it or die therefore ; there is no defence towards the water side, but borders with nand cast against it ; and no other part of the town much stronger, except it be towards the north-west part where they have made a citadel, which will serve them to small purpose when they have lost the nether part of the town. Whereas the Scots were charged divers times by my 215 L ord Grey and Sir James Crofts that they had not their full numbers, they stood in the trial that they missed not one man, and to prove the truth of their statement required them to be called twice a day, and they should answer to their names. Thus the message his cousin Sir Geo. Howard was commanded to do was not true. [Duke of Norfolk's- Entry Book, fol. 19. Kaynes, p. 298. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 685. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 27. — Sends a letter received by him from Lord Grey by which he will see that as yet the French gain nothing at our hands. The taking and overthrowing of the Dunbar men will make our letters pass now in more safety. Would hope that we shall quickly make an end of Leith and be ready to go in hand with Dunbar, which will not be long in doing "if this abusing dissembling treatye were quytt shaken off." One thing Cecil may be sure of, they will never conclude any before her Majesty will release her pledges and covenants to be taken between the Scots and her Majesty; and whenever it shall be brought to that pass, her Majesty will have "a faire catche " in recompense of her great charges. If Leith were not easy to be won, then it were good treating ; but if it is, there is no way so sure for us as the sword. Has sent thither Sir Richard Lee, and doubts not but with his experience and understanding he will prick them forwards to make an end. It is a shame to lie so long at a " sand wall." Durst not send in the treasure by land for it was in such cumbersome money that it could only be carried in carts, for which the country serveth not ; and besides the borderers are lately appointed to be ready at one hour's warning, the meaning of which he cannot judge except it were, with the succours of Dunbar, to have set upon the convoy. Sends however Valentine Browne this night by sea with a " wafter " and the Elizabeth of Hull. Begs, for God's sake, when they send any more money that it may be in gold or else in new silver ; this last was in " pence, twopence, and old testones." [Duke of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 19d. Haynes, p. 299. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 686. Wm. Maitland to Lady Cecil. 1560, April 28. — Begs her not to chide his slowness in writing. The practices of the enemy, who have driven much time in unfruitful communication, have kept him continually in fear of having no comfort- able matter. Praises God the matter is like to fall out better. When all communication is dissolved neutrals begin to come in apace. More at Lord St. John's coming ; Mailvin will keep him company. — Camp before Leith, 28 April 1560. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 301. In extenso.] 687. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1660, April 28. — Sends herewith a letter from the Lord of Lidding- ton, and also certain articles proposed by the Dowager of Scotland to the Lords of the congregation, by which he may soon gather what the French shoot at. For his part, can judge no other but that they would make her Majesty lose all her excessive charges, and in the end go forward with their former devices, when time shall serve them, both 216 against the Scots and us. What have they lost if they get Dumbarton for Leith ? And why may not they whensoever they list ? They are best able, having under their conduct the whole of the havens of Scotland, and being in greater numbers of men than ever they had yet. And if the French keep Dunbar, and he should speak like an Englishman, he had rather they had Leith still. " Loke upon yt well, for if it fall out so, I look the Queens Majestie shall rather augment here Barwick chardgs, then dymynysshe yt." Writes the more earnestly for he would be loth that hereafter it should be said, u and if we had thought somuche, we wold better have looked unto yt." [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 20. Haynes, p. 300. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 688. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, April 29. — He may see by Lord Grey's letters that now things go forward, and that the past slackness hath not been for lack of his often calling on. Assures him that if things had been handled with the same celerity before, as they have been since the 14th of this month, Leith had not been now to win. Nevertheless Cecil knows the nature of my Lord Grey, and although he will in the meantime "feed his humor with som gentle lettres," prays Cecil, " for his better harting," to procure some letter of thanks from the Queen's Majesty unto him ; and it would do no hurt if there were some private letters of the like effect to those that he requireth. Whereas Lord Grey writes that he can get no Scots in wages neither for love nor money, intends to write to the Lord of Lethington, and will advertise Cecil of the certainty thereof. Has stayed the giving of his authority for the besieging of Edinburgh Castle according to Cecil's letters, and has also sent his letters to Mr. Winter with such advertisements as he thought necessary. Prays him to send him speedy word whether, " if King Philip will needs land any men in Scotland," they shall use him as an enemy or not. The matter is of great importance, and yet he knows not her Majesty's pleasure. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 20. Haynes, p. 301. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 689. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560. May 1. — Sends herewith a letter from Lord Grey, by which Cecil will perceive what forwardness they are now in, and also how they now think good to defer all other things till Leith be brought to a good end, which he hopes will shortly come to pass. In the end of his letter Lord Grey writes that he has not been answered concerning her Majesty's relinquishment of her league and pledges of Scotland. Although he had no commission to give him a direct answer, he desired him in no case to deal with the matter till they knew further of her Majesty's pleasure. Would nevertheless be loth to hear that her Majesty would give place to that their request. The Bishop of Valence arrived here yesternight, thereby infringing his safe conduct, which extended only for eight or ten days. If he be " so colerycke " at his coming to court, as he hath been here, they may soon put him to silence by saying that, " if extremitye were taken, he might be a sufficient prisoner." However, refers the whole declaration of the matter to Mr. Killi- grew's report. When Chaperon comes will be so bold as to stay him four or five days, " and yet yt shall be clenly handelled." The Lord 217 Hume is come in with some other of the Marches to the number of three hunJred horses. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 20d. Haynes, p. 301. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 690. The Duke op Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 2. — The fire in Leith, of which he wrote to Cecil yester- day, is quenched. As far as can be judged it happened by chance, hopes nevertheless it is a sign of good luck. Cecil may perceive by Lord Grey's letters that they hope on Saturday to give the assault, a copy of the order of which he sends herewith. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 20d.] 691. The Queen to Lord Grey. 1560, May 3. — Thanks him for his continual worthy service before Leith, and prays him to distribute these her thanks to such captains as specially served at the skirmish under its walls 27 April. Hopes to hear of some honourable end, either by the treaty, wherein the Bishop of Aquila continues though with small credit, or by that other kind of treaty with the town in which he (Lord Grey) is occupied. Endorsed .—3 May 1560. Cecil's Draft. \ p. [Haynes, p. 302. In extenso.] 692. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 3. — Sends herewith letters from Lord Grey and the Lord of Lyddington, by which he may easily discern their state here, and also how the neutrals do now begin to seek favour and to become " playne partakers." If God send them but good luck in the winning of Leith, there will be left few Scots in Scotland but will be open enemies to the French. Sends also a letter received from Mr. Valentine Browne, by which he will understand the state of her Majesty's charges here. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 21.] 693. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 4. — Has thought good to ply him with letters lest he should accuse them of negligence in advertisements. Perceives nothing however from Lord Grey's letters but that he hath good hope of success. Doubts not but that whoever shall review his (the Duke of Norfolk's) proceedings here, will say that he has done his duty, or at least, if anything has not been so well ordered as it might have been, that the fault proceeded more from ignorance than from lack of good-will. [B. ofNorJolk's Entry Book, fol. 21.] 694. The Earl of Arran to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 5. — 1. He cannot find praises enough to thank the Queen for the pity she has shown his miserable country whose relief she seeks with infinite charges, hazarding the displeasure and enmity of mighty estates and princes. When he calls these things to remembrance, "who " can say but that God has framed her in the shape of a woman to " excel any of her progenitors, and that He of His infinite wisdom will " show what He is able to work to the manifestation of His glory in " such a vessel and kind as has from the first been repute fullest of " imperfection compared unto man." The good success that is like to its ensue of this noble enterprise, what glory of any prince could be thought more perfect ? Besides the benefit his country has received, he oft calls to mind the private cause that moves him to have her in remembrance, until he finds himself in such perplexity that he knows not where his wits are become. She may vaunt that she has delivered his life (destined to tyrannical death) to his father, friends, and country, that long thirsted after the same. Requests Cecil to recommend his services to the Queen and to receive this bill signed with his own hand, for perpetual allegiance unto her and continuance of service to his life's end. 2. Touching the affairs here he has often requested Lethington and Randolph not to be negligent in reporting them ; in doing whereof, for their duty to the Queen and good will to him, he trusts they have not failed. Recommends Grey, and in the rest of the noblemen and others he finds no less diligence. The doings of Sir Harry Percy are according to the Queen's expectation and Cecil's opinion of him. The arrival of Sadler has restored them to spirits again ; confesses they were more afraid than hurt ; but knowing with what personage they had to do, they thought they could not fear over much. Trusts that Cecil is not ignorant of the Bishop of Valence's doings here, or he will at least know by Mr. Killigrew in what sort he has dealt with them. His countrymen are so evil disposed to hear any talk, and seeing how little good can ensue thereof, he trusts they will be willing to try it with them by the teeth ; the time also is now too late. The cannon and good courage, he trusts, shall give a happy and short end to this matter. His duty to his country and service to the Qaeen admonish him where he ought to be. — From the Camp, 5 May 1560. Original. Signed. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 302. In extenso .] 695. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 5. — If he had not continually sent Lord Grey's own letters, but instead had merely written his own opinion of them, Cecil might well have thought the changeableness and inconstancy in advertisements io have proceeded from himself; but when he sees Lord Grey's own letters he will perceive great alterations. Had he been as they are there, either he w r ould have gone through withal, " or els have lyen in the ditches," seeing that they have set their hands to sundry letters, that they made no doubt of the winning thereof. The service is his Mistress's, and therefore he may not be silent, whereby the fault may be hereafter laid in his neck. Out of doubt my Lord Grey's service doth consist but upon a courage, without any conduct; every man that can lead a band of horsemen is not for so great an enterprise ; and to abate his forwardness there be others that be as backward. Prays him to compare Valentine Browne's letter with this of Lord Grey's for the number of the Scots, and then to judge whether Mr. Browne will deceive her Majesty of the pay of so many hundreds or no. [Duke of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 2 Id. Haynes, p. 303. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland?^ 696. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 6. — By the slackness of the master of the ordnance of this town, and of Mr. Benett, the North is left qui te destitute of ammunition. Can therefore do no less than send unto him Mr. Benett, by whose means their wants may be supplied whilst the sea is open. \Duke of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 21d.] 219 697. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 6. — Sends herewith letters received by him from Lord Grey, of which he does not know what to make. For his part thinks the matter hath been well hastened if they shall now go about to win Leith by famishment. [Z>, of Norfolk'* Entry Book, fol. 22.] 698. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 8. — Sends herewith Lord Grey's letters, by which he thinks Cecil will not understand so much of the truth of this matter, as by Sir George Howard's and Valentine Browne's. " The thinge was marvellously ill handled, for to saie the verie trewth, neither was there any Breche sautable, no skaling ladder longe ynoughe by two yards or more, nor any flanker taken awaye." So the matter might have been ordered (as he is advertised) that the thing might have been won with much less loss. [Postscript.] The loss being fallen out as it is, has thought good presently to send to levy two thousand men with all expedition, till he knows further of her Majesty's pleasure. Prays him for God's sake to have a care to relieve the wants both of money and munitions, " els this matter woll quaile," and more men as they think good. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 22. Haynes, p. 304. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 699. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 8. — Since writing this morning Mr. Killinghall arrived there bringing messages from Lord Grey ; first, that whereas they went out of this town eight thousand live hundred footmen, they are not able now to show four thousand five hundred ; and that if her Majesty minds the winning of Leith it is not to be done under twenty thousand men; and as for the munition and powder it is quite spent, insomuch that they were fain to borrow five last from the ships who could ill spare it. Prays him to consider these matters well. Lord Grey also sent him word that, " if it had not been for the hastening he received by letters," (meaning by his), he would not have ventured this assault. States that he never advised him to anything, but left all to his own direction ; and, moreover, that he, Lord Grey, promised, before attempt- ing any assault, to advise him both of the manner thereof and of the time ; and yet he never heard of the matter from Lord Grey till this morning, the thing being done yesterday. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 22. Haynes, p. 304. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.] 700. War Munitions at Leith. 1560, May 9. — Note of the gunpowder shot and other munitions of war in the camp [Leith] the 9th May 1560. \p. 701. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, May 11. — By Lord Grey's letters of the 7th. she perceives that on Tuesday last an assault was given to Leith wherein, through disorder, the English had a repulse ; and that as the place was not 220 assaultable no second assault was given, nor will be adventured by Lord Grey with his present numbers. She is sorry the success was no better, but as the enterprise must be achieved for the honour and safety of the realm she means to send him in addition to the 2,000 men he was directed to levy within his lieutenancy. 2,000 more from the shires lying next to it. He is presently to reoomfort the English arms with assurance of speedy reinforcement, and that he himself will come in person with a main power rather than the enterprise should not be speedily accomplished. Endorsed : 11 May 1560. Cecil's Draft. 1 p, [Haynes, p. 305. In extenso. .] 702. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 13. — Has thought good to advertise him from time to time of their whole proceedings here ; and if he had not sent such messengers as he could trust, with the report of his whole mind, two or three sheets of paper would not have sufficed him to declare " the hoole fond doings of those that have the chardge, by the Quene's Majisty's command- ment, in Scotland ; " but, as both Sir Henry Peirce (Percy) and Sir N. Straunge are fully instructed of the whole circumstances, will trouble him no further with so unpleasant a matter, but only with wishing " that Godd had ben, and were, better served then he hath been hitherto in the filde." Received yesterday from Mr. Sadleir a letter, which he sends here- with, in which he requires him to send Mr. Leeke's five hundred men to the camp presently. It seemed hard to him that any necessity should cause this town to be left so unfurnished that oï two thousand men there should be left but one hundred, yet, for their better encouraging, has this day sent Mr. Leeke thither with his men, and is fain to furnish the town for a time till more men be come, with horsemen of the Borders. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 22d. Haynes, p. 305. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Foreign.'] 703. Memorial of things to be inquired into, as to Leith, by Sir Peter Carew, sent by the Queen to the Duke of Norfolk, and by his direction into Scotland. 1560, May 15. — 1. The numbers of men of war and others in the town. 2. The quantity of victual, whether the English army secludes it from succour. 3. In what places it is weakest, by what means it is likeliest to be taken, if by assault whether the mine may not help, if by famine in bow long time. 4. The reason of the failure of the assault on the 7th. 5. The number serving compared with the whole number in the Queen's pay. 6. The number of Scotch and Englishmen slain. 7. The opinions of Lord Grey, Sir Ralph Sadler, Sir Jas. Crofts, Sir George Howard, Captain Randall, &c, as to how to surprise the town. 8. By whose direction the batteries were made, &c. 9. He is to confer with Wm. Winter as to his ships ; if any of the 11 ships of the North are of no use the Lord Lieutenant is to discharge them. 10. He is to comfort all men with the assurance that aid is at hand, money and provisions on the sea. 1 1 He is to cause everything to be got in readiness. 12. He is to assure the Lords of Scotland the Queen will never give up the enterprise till she has this revenged and that lnnd set at liberty. Cecil's Draft. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 310. In extenso.] 221 704. The Queen to the Duke op Norfolk. 1560, May 15. — Approves his levy of 2,000 more footmen and has sent to levy 3,000 more with all speed, and ordered money, munition, powder, &c. to be sent forthwith. The following is the result of her deliberations with the Privy Council, but if upon some accident there unknown to her he think it not meet for the accomplishment of the enterprise, he is to suspend the execution thereof. Her opinion upon advice of the Council is that whilst every encouragement should be given to Lord Grey and the army under him, yet as there is great occasion to doubt some negligence or secret discord or worse thing amongst the chieftains of Scotland, he (Norfolk) should prepare to go into Scotland himself and repair to the camp. If he thinks the matter can be achieved with giving aid and supply, and with direction to Lord Grey, but without his (Norfolk's) abode there, he is to return ; but if not, the Queen's pleasure is that in the name of God he take the charge upon him. Before going he is to write to Lord Grey, that, if at his coming Lord Grey shall think his presence necessary, he will remain, but that, if Lord Grey thinks he can achieve the enterprise without his (Norfolk's) continuance there in person, he will not tarry, but gladly further Lord Grey's honour as much as he would in like case have his own considered. The time of his entry she remits to his discretion, but he is to go in strongly with as many horsemen as may be spared. Berwick may be left to the Earl of Westmoreland or Lord Evers or other fit person. The Queen marvels at Sir Henry Percy's report that he (Norfolk) has levied 12,000 men since entering on his charge, considering the power now remaining in Scotland is so small, and begs certificate how the number came to be so diminished. Cecil's Draft. 3^ pp. [Haynes, p. 307. In extenso.] 705. The Privy Council to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, May 15. — They assure him they have had no small regard of his honour, but not being so fully informent of all things in Scotland have referred his entry into that country to his further consideration. Not only his presence but the bruit thereof will much avail. They beseech him not to be carried with any affection of honour to enterprise anything otherwise than may tend to the achieving of the Queen's purpose. The determination to have this error redubbed is not theirs only who sign this letter, but was uniformly agreed to by the whole Council yesterday assembled for the purpose, excepting one who is absent. Not one of them but will be glad to serve under him ; if there be any whom he requires they will be suitors therein to the Queen. As much comfort and courage should be given to the English and to the Scots ; in any wise Leith to be kept straitly from succours of victual or intelligence, and no hazard given in any enterprise for revenge, &c. Endorsed .—15 May 1560. Cecil's Minute. 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 309. In extenso.] 706. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 15. — Has received her Majesty's and Cecil's letters this morning, by which he perceives that her Majesty is minded to go through with this intended exploit, which, in his foolish opinion, is the only way for the preservation of her own person, her realm, and honour. Received yesternight two letters from Lord Grey which he sends herewith, the 222 one is concerning a communication between the Dowager and some of the Lords of the Congregation ; the other, in answer to a letter of his own sent unto them with some news of Leith. In the letter of the Dowager's proceedings, Cecil may see devices of delay and nothing else, and therefore here there is " lytle accompt made of her bluddy sworde in a skabarde of peax ; here blowbering is not for nothing." * Things go not for the best with the French, either they are in disperation of succour or else they lack victuals. Trusts that God will think this last assault punishment enough for them, and now so direct their ways as shall seem to him best, " whereby we may nowe becom his souldiers, who hitherto have called upon his name with nothing but swering." Begs him, if any flying tales come to his ear without his advertisement, to assure himself that they are either false or of no moment. As for Doctor Martin's foolish prating, he may consider all that he says to be spoken in the cup. [Postcript.] — They are so troubled with conveying the money into Scotland, it being old money, that they are fain to send it by sea, which, as Cecil may judge, is somewhat dangerous. Sir Richard Lee sends herewith a "Platte" of Leith to her Majesty. He is worthy of some letter of thanks for his pains in going thither, being not so well able to ride as he could have wished him to be. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 23. Haynes, p. 306. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers^ Scotland.'] 707. The Queen to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, May 17. — As it appears to him and to others that the Queen's service in Scotland has not been so well furthered as it might have been by reason of* [Sir James Croft], and the importance of her service exceeding any such man's credit, he is upon respect of his entry into Scotland or on any better pretence to send for him to Berwick and there stay him, pretending to give him the charge thereof yet using the Queen's letter sent herewith directed to him, to address him by the same to the Queen, and appoint in his place the Earl of Westmoreland or Lord Evers. If Norfolk sees cause to forbear proceeding in this manner, he is to certify his opinion with all speed. As for all other things she refers him to Sir Peter Carew and Sir Henry Percy. [Postcript.] — If he does not mistrust any danger to her service in Scotland by forbearing his revocation, she would be content it were forborne till he (Norfolk) advertised her. Endorsed:— -17 May 1560. Cecil's draft. I p. [Haynes, p. 311. In extenso.'] 708. The E>uke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 18. — Has received his gentle letter of the 13th of this present, and is much beholden to him for that ill tongues, or rather malicious letters, cannot make him find further fault in him than he has deserved. By this time he hopes he is more fully instructed of the truth than he was by Mr. Kennynghall's instructions or messages. Will pray for his enemies and wish that their doings had been better and more circumspect. Has this day written to Lord Grey, putting him in all the comfort he can, who, in his opinion, is no way to be blamed, " except yt be for * Blank in the original. 223 that he hath not his wytts, and memorie laileth hym." As long as the Queen's service coDtinueth, there shall he no quarrel made to any body for him whatsoever occasion be given him. Has also written to the Lords of the Congregation of her Majesty's forwardness for the revenge of this last mishap, and also of the great power that she intends to relieve them withal, besides money and all kinds of munitions. Has also written of his own going in, as he was required. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, foi. 23. Haynes, p. 311. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 709. Acquittance given to Merchants of Dieppe. 1560, May 18. — Acquittance given by Walter Dobbes, of Amsterdam, to Antoine Lerouge and Nicolas de Candecoste, merchants of Dieppe. French. ^ p. 710. The Duke of Norfolk to the Privy Council. [1560], May 19. — Has received this morning her Majesty's letters and theirs of the 15th of this month, with a most friendly letter of the Lords, for which he must account himself most bounden unto the same. Her Majesty's letters contain divers points; first, as to the number of men required for the accomplishment of the enterprise ; secondly, as to his going, for a time or longer, as should seem to him best ; thirdly, that he should do what he could for the better contenting of Lord Grey, for fear he should take his coming in turn to his own dishonour ; lastly, her Majesty wishes to be advertised how the great numbers, which have been levied within his Lieutenancy, have been disposed of. In answer to the first, has thought it good plainly to declare unto their Lordships " a yonge man's opynyon ; " which is, that when their three thousand men are come out of the south parts, and three thousand are levied here in his Lieutenancy, they, with those that are left at the camp, will not amount to so many men, or very few more, than entered with Lord Grey at his going in. What with deaths, hurts, sickness, passports, and with deceiving her Majesty, there is less now than her Majesty paid for, at the army's going out of Berwick, by well nigh five thousand men. The "pilling and polling " of her Majesty will, however, let no true muster be made. Begs them for God's sake to consider the weight of this cause, and to consider how near it would touch the realm if there should chance another repulse. The French have taken too good a heart now " to be feared with bruts ; " there is no way now to abash them but with power. To the second point, as to his going in ; hopes her Majesty will believe that whatever her Highness pleaseth to command him, he will either do, " or els not be in cause to say why he did yt not ; " neverthe- less, hopes she will not have him go but with a sufficient number of men and all other things necessary, and also so accompanied that the lack of his young years may be supplied with both wise, honourable, and grave counsel. And as her Majesty leaves it to his discretion either to tarry there or to come away again when things are set in order, states that he will rather be torn by wild horses than after he had once showed his face there, he will return, leaving his countrymen there to live and die under his charge. As for comforting Lord Grey, both has done so and will continue so to do, as by the copies of his letters will always appear. 224 For the numbers of men levied in his Lieutenancy, will by his next pacquet send divided how, when, and upon what consideration they have been levied. — From Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 23d. Haynes, p. 312. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 711. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 19. — Sends herewith a letter from Lord Grey to himself and two from the Laird of Lydington, one addressed to himself and one to Cecil, with certain copies of Chaperon's commission and instructions. Lest "Cecil should think that he has not done his part in fulfilling her Majesty's passport when he finds Chaperon stayed and his packet from the French King to the Dowager broken up, will tell him what message he sent to Lord Grey, as to his conduct in this case, by Mr. Leeke, under whose safe conduct Chaperon was sent unto him. First, he showed him how he came under the Queen's Majesty's protection ; therefore, if the Lords of the Congregation would so agree, that he might deliver the letters and commission to the Queen Dowager ; if they suspected the person, then that they would suffer some of the Dowager's folks to receivp the packet at his hand, without speaking with the messenger ; if these two offers were not liked, he then required that he might be sent to him as he went in, thinking her Majesty by these means to be sufficiently discharged in honour, without any hurt either to the Scots or to themselves by his going in. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 24. Haynes, p. 313. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.'] 712. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 22. — Has written these few lines to assure him that there is no news of any great importance. Sends a note of the Admiral's wants. There was great shot heard from Leith yesternight. Thinks he will have some news to send concerning the same shortly. [B. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 24d.] 713. The Earl of Arkan to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 23. — Though it pleased not God that the last enterprise against Leith had the success hoped for, yet their minds are not de- jected, &c. Though the Queen's charges have been marvellously great, yet the end will redound to her honour. They have no mistrust of the con- tinuance of Cecil's good will, and cannot think how much it may redound to God's glory and the weal of both realms to have them united in one. Beseeches the enclosed may come to Her Majesty's hands. " Spare not to speak, though above my deserving. I will not fail in my endeavour to pass any good report ye shall make of me, nor be unmindful, when time shall be, of any pleasure ye shew me." — From the camp foranent Leith, May 23, 1560. Original. J p. [Haynes, p. 314. In extenso.] 714. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, May 23. — Although he is not able to write of such certain news as he would wish, has thought it good to make Cecil privy to all that occurs there. There were certain Englishmen, who about three weeks or a month since were taken prisoners at Dunbar, and who, returning 225 hither for three or four days, " upon their word " declared that the French had a Piatt of Hartlepool, where they intended to land some men and to fortify the place, which being done, they hoped " to make Yorke the bounds of Ingland." This came by an Italian who is the fortifier at Dunbar. If he knew her Majesty's pleasure he " might chaunce to entice that Italian hither." He seemeth to bear great good will to this realm, and saith that before this time he hath offered his services hither. The Lord Hume hath taxed those in that March that are not able to serve, and the others he hath commanded to be ready at an hour's warning. No man yet can tell what he meaneth to do, but they look rather for ill than good. His cousin Percy came to him yesterday, who, he perceives by Her Majesty's letters, hath so plainly executed his instructions that he (Norfolk) may now think himself fully discharged of his duty. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 24d. Haynes, p. 314. In extenso. ~\ 715. Lord (trey to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, May 23. — He intercepted a messenger iast night passing between the Queen Dowager and Leith with the cipher inclosed. The messenger confesses that fires should have been made by them of the town for certain special signification of matter of importance. Begs it may be deciphered. — At the camp, 2£. May 1560. J p. [Haynes p. 315. In extenso.'] 716. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 24. — Sends letters received from the camp together with a cipher that came out of Leith. As to the great shot heard at Leith the 21st, which he wrote of, it seems 400 or 500 French issued out at their postern next the church and made towards Wauhan's fort. No man of war could judge their intent. The ordnance of both forts issuing, and they between both, divided them twice or thrice. The English went to them, skirmished an hour, and returned with two slain and two hurt. It is thought there were divers French hurt, besides 12 or 14 slain. They say Martygues is hurt in the thigh ; but after so many bruits thereof, the writer believes none. He has sent Winter to understand the state of Inchkeith, and to discharge the Newcastle and Hull ships. — From Berwick, 24 May 1 560. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 316. In extenso. A copy is in the D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 25.] 717. The Earl of Morton to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 24. — Doubts not but that Cecil has sufficiently understood by Lethington's report what mind the writer has borne to the common cause, and what moved him to stay from declaring himself before the entry of the Queen's army. The French being masters of the field where his lands lay, he might as well have given up his men to their fury. He stayed while the treaty was dissolved, and then, before the assault, when power was required, joined his force with the rest. Would that her Majesty had that opinion of him that no one of that nation more esteems her liberal support granted to that afflicted realm, &c. Begs that by Cecil's means the Queen may understand his affection to do her service. — Camp before Leith, 24 May 1560. Sealed. \p. [Haynes, p. 315. In extenso.] I 84066. P 226 718. Thos. Randolph to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, May 24. — The Lords here receive no small comfort of his (Norfolk's) letters and greatly desire his presence. Such as joined the cause remain one ; his presence would draw many that yet lie back. What has been written of the Earl of Huntley agrees with his doings ; he seeks to be Lieutenant of the North, where his country is. There is no likelihood of it. He desires 12 days' leave ; he came so late men doubt how soon he will return. His presence can be ill-spared, though the common cause is little furthered by any doings of his. Captain Chapron's entertainment in the Duke's house is very honest, and he is not discontented to abide the Lords' resolution. There is no great access to him, &c. His abode will not be very long, as men are ill- disposed to have further talk of the matter. — From the Camp, 24th May, 1560. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 316. In extenso.'] 719. Thos. Randolph to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 24. — Encloses letters from Lethington. Has no news. In a P.S. adds that it is determined that Lord St. John shall shortly be with Cecil. His advice therein is greatly desired ; till it arrives the writer will do what he can to stay Lord St. John. The Lords are greatly encouraged by the Duke's letters of the Queen's determination to sup- port them, and Sir Peter Carew's declaration. — From the camp, 24 May 1560. 1 p. [Haynes, 317. In extenso.'] 720. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 27. — Perceives he has resolved upon a sure ground, viz., to send him (Norfolk) into Scotland with a sufficient number of men ; also upon a new treaty whereof he (Cecil) and Wooton are Commissioners, which name of treaty, although dilatory handling hath made it odious, yet because Cecil's true and faithful zeal to bring it to good effect is so well known, is now most wished for, because Cecil is to be the agent therein. Hopes howsoever the treaty speed Cecil will not forthink this journey. " Here is no amendment at the camp, but omnia in pejora se convertunt. Money overthroweth men's wits. I hope at my entry to do some good, for my letters be now regarded but as papers. Capel, Lord Grey's director, is made captain of 500 footmen. The hour is to come that ever he shewed 100 since going into the field." — From Berwick, 27 May 1560. ^ p. [Haynes, p. 318. In extenso. A copy is in the D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 25.] Endorsed by Cecil :— To S r W m Petre. Sir, I opened this packet and find Mr. Carew's letter lacking, whereof my Lord of Norfolk makes mention, so that I think it is in some other packet directed to the Queen's Majesty. Yours ever, W.Cecil. 227 721. Sir Peter Carew to the Queen. [See No. 703, 15 May 1560, " Memorial of things to be inquired into, &c."] 1560, May 28. — 1. It is supposed that there remain in Leith above 2,300 good soldiers, whereof 200 have served as captain, lieutenant, or ensign ; and 2,000 people besides. 2. The soldiers have had neither flesh nor drink but water these three weeks ; bread and salt salmon are their best supplies, apportioned thus : 16 oz. of bread for a man a day, and a salmon among six a week. He cannot see how they should be relieved but by boat in some stormy night. 3. The strongest part of the town is from Vaughan's fort to the sea, the weakest the citadel, a mass of earth cast up without any scourdish in it ; the mine is not likely to do any good, the ground being so hard. 4. The causes why the assault took not effect were the insufficient breaches, ladders not long enough by two yards, lack of arquebusiers in the English trenches, the men put out at the battery with ill instruc- tions, &c. 5. By note from the treasurer's book it appears that with the new supply of 900 footmen brought by Sir Francis Leeke since the assault, and 500 Scots, the Queen is more charged at present than at the first entrance of the army. Though charged with 8,813 footmen there are not 5,000 serving in the camp, whereby he gathers that the Queen is marvellously robbed. 6. About 120, whereof a third were Scots, were slain at the assault. 7. All agree that battery prevaileth not, and that the only way to win is by sap or famine. 8. As to who directed the batteries the Master of the Ordnance saith he was directed by the General. 9. Winter saith the Queen's Council know better than he what need for the ships of the North, but thinks they may be well spared, for the which the Duke of Norfolk taketh order immediately. 10. He has comforted all with the assurance of aid. 11. Has spoken to the Duke of Norfolk and the other officers to see everything in readiness. 12. The Lords of Scotland despair not, but think themselves most bounden to the Queen, and sent after his departure from the camp desiring him to be means for hastening Norfolk's going into Scotland. If it please the Queen to confer with Mr. Secretary herein who hath a plat of the town, her Majesty will better understand what is written. — From Berwick, 28 May 1560. 8 pp. [Haynes, p. 345; In extenso.'] Enclosing certificate following : — 1560, May 25. — Certificate of Valentine Browne of the number of horsemen and footmen in the Army in Scotland in the Queen's service. Horse, 1,990. Foot, 8,813. Pioneers, Gunners, and Carters, 1,663. making a total of 12,466, including the sick and wounded, ivith note that although pay is required for this number yet not above 7,600 can appear at any time ; and that the monthly charge of the whole army is 20,000/. < 1 p. [Haynes, p. 348. In extenso.'] p 2 228 722. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 28. — Sir Peter Carew' s packet sent herewith answers all things committed to his charge. He (Norfolk) has sent for Sir Jas. Croft, whom he minds to stay till Cecil's coming, having things to show Cecil touching him which will cause the Queen to take vigilant care how she trusteth. Perceives the Queen thinks he (Norfolk) has forgotten his promise in seeing her Majesty no trulier answered of her musters. Has laboured to redress the mischief, but what help can be found when Lord Grey will suffer no musters to be taken. If he goes into Scotland it shall be seen whether he (Norfolk) will suffer the Queen to be so deceived. His countrymen not being sufficiently cunning with shot he thinks London might furnish five or six hundred arquebusiers. —From Berwick, 28 May 1560. P.S. — He would fain have Carew with Cecil before his setting out. That he may better know how unfruitful is the service of horsemen in the camp, he has sent for Sir George Howard, whom Cecil will find there with him. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 318. In extenso. A copy is in the D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 25.] 723. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, May 30. — That Cecil may not think his journey long, he scribbles of " occurrents." Hears from the camp the penury of victual the French are in groweth most manifest. They could be content to te rid of their women and children, but by the grace of God that shall not be suffered. At the assault the women did the English much woe; they will now recompense them by eating up the victual. God send them such scarcity as to prevent the treaty. Nothing is more to be desired than the new supply of men, money, and ammunition. Lord Grey doubts what the French will enterprise on his few numbers if driven to desperation. — From Berwick, 30 May 1560. i p. [Haynes, p. 319. In extenso.] A copy is in the D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 25d. 724. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, May 31. — Is in Koyston, in no apparent doubt of health, yet by foulness of weather afraid to ride to Huntingdon till to-morrow. Sends letters from the Duke of Norfolk and Sir P. Carew for the Queen, &c. Original. Holograph. \ p. [Haynes, p. 319. In extenso.'] 725. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 2. — Is at his house at Burleigh, rubbing on between health and sickness, yet his heart serving him to get the mastery. From letter inclosed sees it necessary that the Lord Treasurer be called on to dispatch money. If need be to encourage men to fight, money must serve ; if by peace they return it may not be spared to cass the bands. Marvels the ships had not arrived in the Frith ; beseeches Petre to inquire of Bromfield, Lieutenant of the ordnance, whether from his observations since their departure they might be there by this time ; also to speak with Mr. Treasurer to quicken the Lord Treasurer, aud to trust, as St. Thomas did, with proof that money is sent down in deed. Sends his wife word he has his health very well. Departs in the morning. Trusts to be at Newcastle by the 6th or 7th. 229 " This 2nd of June, the day of comfort by the imparting to us all of the Holy Ghost, 1560." Original. Holograph. \ p. [Haynes, p. 320. In extenso.] 726. The Duke of Norfolk to the Queen. 1560, June 2. — Reminds her Majesty that before his departure she willed him, when any matter of weight occurred which was not meet to be made common, to write to her his opinion thereon ; and also that she showed him how she put her whole confidence in him to see the numbers of her men fully furnished according to her Highness's charge and pay. In consideration of which he has sought all the means he could to fulfil the trust committed unto him, assuring her Majesty that the abominable robbery of the garrison of Berwick hath infected the country bands. Her Majesty's garrison was first encouraged to robbery by the insatiable (i pilling and pollinge " of her captain, Sir James Crofts, who has used himself so suspiciously in this her Majesty's last service (as he partly advertised her Highness by his cousin Percy), that having the choice put to him, he could do no other but deliver him her Majesty's letters for his repair to the court. If his 14 disordynatt doings " escape unpunished, let her Majesty ever think hereafter rather to be worse served than better. Three things can be tried to his face ; first, that since his going into Scotland he hath gone about by all means to discourage her Majesty's friends there, and, however he was affected at the first, he never found him otherwise than opposed to these her Majesty's proceedings. Secondly, as it is to be tried by all those that were in the field, at the day of the assault he did wholly neglect his duty and the charge committed unto him. Thirdly, his manifest deceiving of her Majesty, which, considering the great disorder arisen thereby, he does not consider the least of his ill doings. All these are to be tried to his face, besides many other " greate presumptions of greter matters," which whensoever her Majesty shall command he will declare unto any one whom she shall appoint. Ag he himself is lying in the town here till the new supplies do arrive, has forborne to appoint any other captain for the same till he learns her Majesty's further pleasure. In his opinion " neither my Lord of Westmoreland nor my Lord Eures is meet for the same, nor any nobleman here in the north, except it be my Lord Wharton." Begs therefore to be advertised with speed to whom he shall commit the charge. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 25d. Haynes, p. 320. In extenso. Orig, in State Papers, Foreign.] 727. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560. June 4. — Letters to the Queen, &c. He means this night to lodge at Doncaster and trusts to lie on Friday at Newcastle. Whether the rainy weather continue there he knows not, but where he writes the trouble is dust ; if any lack, it is of rain, yet no desire of it. Perceives great lack of a bishop of York ; thinks if Petre would move the Queen she would pass the congé d'élire for Dr. Maye ; the sooner the better. Any letters to Cecil from Gresham and Throckmorton, after the contents have answered the Queen's service, are to be sent down to him. Recommendations to Lord Marquis, Lord Pembroke, Lord Chamberlain, and Mr. Treasurer. Let one of his men repair with knowledge to Lady Cecil of his health. — From Scrooby, 4th June 1 560. Cecil's holograph. I p. [Haynes, p. 323. In extenso,] 230 728. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, June 4. — Yesternight arrived here Lord Ruthen, " a man very well estymed with the Lords of the Congregation," having commission from them to confer with him as to a suitable place for the French to be permitted to come to treat in. The Lords put the appointment of the place, and their own lives, entirely in her Majesty's hands ; nevertheless, they would be glad if it stood with her Majesty's pleasure that they should come no nigher to Scotland nor to the Borders than Newcastle, alleging divers annoyances that come unto them by the Bishop of Valence's entry. First, they say, that the Bishop delivered a sum of money in French crowns unto the Dowager, whereby their enemies, as they think, have been somewhat heartened. Secondly, they are afraid that it should withhold the neutrals from being plain partakers, the Dowager having already sent unto them " promysing them great montagnes," if they withhold themselves from the congregation till it may be seen what point the treaty will fall to. Thirdly, they have advertisements that there would be divers skilled men as " captains and fortifiers " in their train, passing as though they were their men. Begs Cecil to consider these things, and to let him have some speedy answer herein. If the footmen were come would hope to " ease the French of their paine," for, once before Leith with a greater power, it would be ours " eyther perforce, or els by rendring "; they made a resolution that plainly, if they should of necessity yield they would trust rather to Winter's courtesy than to Lord Grey's. They are afraid of revengement, and yet he sees not how they can be made prisoners, the Queen's proclamation being as it is. The hope of this gain one way and " greate swetenes that cometh by polling the Quene's Majestie" the other, would make some to wish the countinuance of this " brute lyff." So that the Queen's Majesty and this Realm were delivered with honour and good success in their enterprises, and he himself at home at Kennynghall, he cares not in what other country they had their fill thereof. Hopes shortly to decipher unto Cecil by mouth a great many other matters whereof he will think strange. " The Bell-Wether of all myschyff " will meet with Cecil by the way, whose company he is sure Cecil cannot miss even for half a score of miles. * I never had so muche adoo as to use temperaunce with hym ; he saw I did no wey like his doings, nor greatly his companye ; and I could never be rydd of his inquysytifr hed." Hears that to some points he will plead ignorance. Is very sorry to hear of Cecil's " unstedfast helthe," which he hopes God will now maintain, considering the necessity for his help and service. [Postscript.] Hopes Cecil and his " Uncle Wotton " will take his house at Newcastle. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 26. Haynes, p. 321. In extenso. Orig. in State Papers, Scotland.~\ 729. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 5. — The French lie this night at Durham; Cecil at Boroughbridge, and will be at Newcastle on Friday. Lord Ruthen is sent from the Scots to Berwick, and will, he thinks, come to Newcastle. Understands this bruit of treaty perplexes the Lords of Scotland. Must see some remedy, or the French will practice. Is marvellously troubled, understanding that the train of M. de Randan is almost all captains and engineers, who mean to be occupied both at Berwick and in Scotland, to enter Leith if they can ; but for their safe conduct they should not depart from Newcastle. " We will prove if the Scots may take exception to them for their offensive qualities," &c, " And so I end full weary." — 5th June 1560. Cecil's holograph. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 323. In extenso.'] 730. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm, Petre. 1560, June 6. — At two p.m. Cecil received the letters and the book of the Queen's answers to the French ambassador's protestation, which, on reading, he finds faultily printed. Returns it to be immediately corrected, the printer to be admonished thereof, and to correct, as he may, all the rest. Has no leisure to reply to the earnest and friendly letters of Mr. Treasurer and Lord Eobert, the day scantily serving him to go to Darnton to bed. The treasure mentioned by the Lord Treasurer was the 12,000/. well known to be sent before Cecil left, but Cecil's meaning was to hasten away the rest, as what is come will not pay the debt of May. Hears of great lack at Leith. Thanks God his health amends, and wishes the rest of the journey finished to the weal of the realm on condition he lacked his health or his life. — Northallerton, 6 June, hora, 3 p.m. Cecil's holograph. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 324. In extenso.'] 731. Sir Nicholas Throckmorton to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 7. — I received with a letter from Mr. Secretary by the way of Flanders the others in a French cipher, which, being deciphered by Sommer, I sent presently by bearer to the Q. Pray advertise Mr. Secretary and Mr. Wotton thereof, and of the discourse contained therein, and send this my letter directed to Mr. Secretary with speed. — Blois, 7 June, 1560. Part cipher, deciphered. ^ p. Modern copy of preceding. 732. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Nicholas Wotton to the Privy Council. 1560, June 8. — They have spent this afternoon in talk with these Frenchmen and entered into many matters. Eandan affirms precisely he may not treat of any matter of Scotland without speech with the Dowager. Much has been said, nothing resolved. They perceive the Dowager is in great peril. The town makes some appearance of lack of victual ; but they fear the lack comes not near the soldiers, but the superfluous people. Cecil means, for divers respects, as it were by stealth to meet to-morrow night the Duke of Norfolk at Alnwick ; and returning on Monday morning they will con- clude with the French for their going or tarrying. — Newcastle, 8 June (in the night) 1560. Cecil's holograph. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 324. In extenso.'] 733. Sir Wm. Cecil and Nicholas Wotton to the Privy Council. 1 560, June 1 1 . — 1 . The writers have to deal with men who leave no way unsought for their purpose. The Queen's letter will show that now they are all going into Scotland, two reasons chiefly moving them; one, the danger of the Queen's life and the discourage in the town will rather 232 provoke the Ambassadors to be more ready to accord ; the other, because they see that without being nigh they will not without loss of much time come to an end. They trust to be in Edinburgh on Saturday, and on Sunday afternoon and Monday forenoon to enter into substantial talk. The supply of southern men comes very slowly, although mar- vellously chargeable to the people by new devices, &c. They look hourly to hear of the state of the Dowager ; on Saturday they hear she was speechless. The town is reported very destitute of victuals, but they have suspicion to the contrary. It is true D'Oysel offered Sir Henry Percy to have some communication, being afraid of Grey's cruelty. They thank their Lordships for imparting to them Lord Mon- tague's letters with their opinions thereupon. They think it were well to let the Catholic King's ministers understand that they have entered into a fair way towards accord, and that they find things not so hard to accord as was doubted upon ; by this means it shall be reason that the King of Spain be neither at cost of sending ships nor at pain to name umpires. — Newcastle, 11 June 1560. Cecil's holograph. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 325. In extenso.] 1560, June 11. — 2. Duplicate of above in Wotton's hand with post- script by Cecil : — Their Lordships will perceive by Norfolk's letter what he is adver- tised of the Dowager's death. Hereupon will follow sundry alterations. If the French will return now without following their commission, although they will provoke them to continue, what shall they do ? What if they require the presence of some of their colleagues in the town. This the writers will not allow without their Lordships' order. If they require the assistance of other Scotchmen, that were French, which they think not unreasonable, although they think none will be so bold, what shall they do ? Of these things they beseech their Lord- ships to think and advertise them of the Queen's pleasure. \ p. [Haynes, p. 325. In extenso, .] 734. The Lords of the Council to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton. [1560, June 11 or 12.] — Send copy of the letters received out of Spain from Viscount Montague and Sir Thomas Chamberlain, ambas- sadors there. Two points seem to be of special consideration in the same; the one, the indirect dealing on the part of the Bishop of Aquila ; the other, that the French King is content the King of Spain shall name umpires for the compounding of the differences between the Queen's Majesty and him. For the first point, it is meant the Bishop shall be talked withal here ; and, for the second, it is thought good to be passed over in silence. Send an article of a letter from Mr. Gresham, together with an abstract of [certain intelligences sent from Shirley, whereby they may perceive the preparations in France. — Undated. Draft corrected. \\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 385-387. In extenso.'] 735. Sir Thos. Parry and Sir Wm. Petre to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, June 12. — The Queen on some occasions at this time ministered by the French reminds Cecil specially of two things. First, that in treating with the French Commissioners touching the great injuries done her by the usurpation of the titles and arms of her realms, &c, he not 233 only provide for the leaving thereof, so as it be no more used, but that, as their doings in this matter are openly published to the world, some satis- faction may follow by the French King's Queen, whereby the Queen's just title and right may appear to the world by public demonstration, &c. Secondly. As to the article of reservation in the last treaty with France, and that touching any innovation on either side during 8 years, albeit both articles (where good meaning is) are reasonable and good for both parties, yet as the French in those and all other their promises do serve the time, and, contrary to good faith, pretend matters for their purpose, when they list, the Queen would be glad if in this treaty (wherein she knows Cecil will provide for confirmation of the other) he will obtain a fuller declaration and provide as much as may be by cove- nant for this : The French now excuse their use of the Queen's titles and arms as no innovation, considering the same was begun to be used by them before the date of that treaty, which is contrary to its true meaning and all good reason. Cecil is to provide a remedy for this the best he may. — Greenwich, 12 June 1560. 4 PP- [Haynes, p. 326. In extenso.'] [736. The Privy Council to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton.] [1560, June 14.] — Have received their letters of the 8th inst. Forward certain letters and intelligences out of France received from Sir Nicholas Throckmorton. Draw attention to a supposed scheme — gathered from these letters — for the escape to Edinburgh Castle of some of the chiefest persons within Leith. Desire them to bring to the knowledge of the Duke of Norfolk that of late two principal persons escaped by sea out of Leith into France, so that warning may be given to Mr. Winter. — Undated. Draft. 2\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 388, 389. In extenso.] 737. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 15. — Is so traversed by this French Bishop that they can make no certainty of their proceedings. All yesterday was spent in articles touching their entry, their manner of treaty, the abstinence of wars, and so agreed that the writers determined to take their journey this morning. Yesternight the French forbare signing them upon cavillations, and gave hope they would finish them by 4 o'clock this morning, and now it is 6, and they [Cecil and Wotton] cannot speak with them, they excusing themselves by long sleep. They are in contention about a word, wherein he means to have the victory, or else not depart this day. Here is such abominable robberies in the camp by the old captains, that it would weary any Prince to have victory with their service ; commonly they lack not only a half part, but three parts, and also infect the country captains. It has been no small fault of Sir J. C, who is now there, to give example and nourish them therein. His faults in that part are too evident in this town. If they depart this day, they will write to-morrow from Haddington. — Berwick, 15 June, 1560. Endorsed : — "At length we are agreed upon our articles, whereof we cannot send you the copy." Cecil's holograph. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 326. In extenso.] 234 738. The Bishop op Valence and M. de Eandan to the [Bishop of Amiens] and others. 1560, June 17 — The King, desiring to put an end to the differences between his Majesty and the Queen of England, has sent us with an authority in which you are named, to treat in the matter. It has, how- ever, been pointed out that the rules of warfare would be contravened in allowing the besieged to hold communication with those who have the means of aiding them. Thereupon it has been proposed that M. d'Amiens should be allowed to come out conditionally. But this point not having been gained, they have arranged to proceed to negotia- tions, and have proposed a suspension of arms till Saturday evening. Trusts this will meet with their approval. — Edinburgh (Lislebourg), 17 June 1560. Endorsed : — Copy of the letter sent with the articles of suspension of arms to Leith by the Bishop of Valence and Mons. de Eandan. French, \\ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 390-391. In extenso. See also State Papers, Foreign, 1560, No. 204.] 739. Articles agreed upon by the Commissioners of both parties in the presence of the Duke op Norfolk. [1560, June 17.] — I* The treaty of peace to be made in Edinburgh. 2. The time to be prolonged beyond Saturday, if necessary. 3. There is to be a suspension of arms from Monday, the 17th inst., to Saturday next, 8 p.m. 4. During the said suspension, no hostile act to be done against Leith, Inch Keith, or Dunbar. 5. The besieged not to issue out beyond certain points; and no provisions to be supplied to them. 6. Those of the camp of the English and Scots not to approach nearer to Leith than usual. If the negotiation fail, the suspension to terminate. 7. Safe conduct for the French Commissioners ; the said Commis- sioners only to bring 1,000 crowns for the two, and the gentlemen of their suite 500 crowns. 8. The French Commissioners promise not to negotiate with French or Scotch during their stay in Edinburgh. 9. Those in the train of M. de Eandan and the Bp. of Valence not to leave their lodgings without the consent of those deputed to accom- pany them. 10. It shall be permitted to the Commissioners of France to com- municate with the Archbishop of St. Andrew's, the Scottish Secretary, or the Justice Clerk. 11. The French Commissioners may demand and retain the cipher of the King and Queen, left by the Queen Eegent in the hands of her secretary ; and, if it be lost, the secretary shall decipher for them. 12. The French Commissioners may send to comfort the French ladies who attended on the said Queen Eegent. 13. The Commissioners of both parties agree to observe these articles. 14. The Duke of Norfolk assures the safety of the Commissioners and their company, coming and going, and during their stay at Edin- burgh, provided the above articles are duly observed. — Undated. Copy. French. 3 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 392-395. In extenso. See also State Papers, Scotland, Elizabeth, Vol. IV., No. 13.] 235 740. Arms and Style of England. 1560, June 19. — " Answer to the demand that the Commissioners of England made for a recompense, which they pretend the Queen our Sovereign ought to make, for that she hath borne the title and armories of England against the will of the Queen their mistress." {From heading).— Edinburgh, 19 June 1560. Signed : — Moniuc. E. de Valence. Randan. French. I \ pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 396-398. In extenso. See also State Papers, Foreign, 1560, No. 210.] Translation of the preceding. 2 pp. [Lodge, Vol L, pp. 399-401. In extenso.'] 741. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, June 19.— Thanks him for his advertisements and wishes him better hope of good success in his treaty. Is glad that Cecil finds, with his own eyes and ears, that his report of the state of affairs was true. Was sure though, that although there would be great working for the covering of faults, the truth would be known at last. There is no man of whom any account is to be made but of Mr. Sadleir, for council matters, and of Mr. Randall for warlike affairs. There is time enough, if Cecil would write unto the Court, to have the Lord Wharton placed there by her Majesty's direction, which, in his opinion, would prevent all misfortunes that might fall. Hopes that whatever his rash head writes on a sudden, Cecil will moderate according to his good consideration. It is impossible for him to leave the town before the money arrives ; their arms are also not arrived from Newcastle. Sends a packet which has just arrived from the Court. With regard to the passing of the Scottishmen, can give no straiter commandment for the prevention of such escapings than he has already done, wherefore he hopes he will be holden excused. From Berwick. P.S. — Had forgotten to write the Berwick news, which is that Mr. Crofts should be here within two or three days at the furthest. If that were true they need not study for the appointment of a new captain. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 27.] 742. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton to the Queen. 1560, June 19. — Furnishing a long and detailed account of their pro- ceedings in connexion with the French King's ambassadors from the 1 1th inst., the date of the death of the Queen Dowager. Concerning the town of Leith, they perceive the necessity of their victuals is not such as hath been reported. " They have daily, beside their store, help, by taking of fresh salmon, plaice, and other sea fish, both within their town and without. They occupy freely in the sea before their town two boats and two nets. They have of late been content to send victuals to Inchkeith, which argueth no extreme necessity. Indeed they have, like wise men of war, made hard proportions to their base soldiers, and have driven the vulgar people to extremity, to seek their living by cockles and other shell-fish upon the sea sands. As for Inchkeith it is now of late well re-victualled, and so is Dunbar." 236 Ask for instructions on the following points: — (1.) Whether the Queen will stand so earnestly upon satisfaction that, without the same obtained, they shall break, and put the matter to the Duke of Norfolk ; and what recompense shall be required. (2.) If they give order to retire the Queen's army and navy, whither they shall be directed, and how many shall remain at Berwick. (3.) What they shall do with the prisoners taken on both sides. Beseech her Majesty to consider the last article of the French ambassadors, as to ceasing from preparation on both parts. — Edinburgh, 19 June 1560. Signed. 6 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 401-411. In extenso.] 743. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Nicholas Wotton to the Lords of the Council. 1560, June 19. — The travails and debates of the writers with these Frenchmen are not much less than theirs of the camp with the French besieged. " We can get nothing but with racking and straining, and we have it in words they always will steal it away in penning and writing." By the writers' letters to the Queen, and by the copies of certain articles passed between them for their entry and suspension of arms, and of the articles offered by the French, and not allowed by the writers, their Lordships shall perceive much of their proceedings. How these matters of Scotland will be accorded they know not ; this after- noon they meet. On the one part this matter has so many crooked points in it to accord, considering they deal between a Prince and his subjects, and so subtle a nation, and on the other part the writers knew many causes there before their coming and perceive more in the army since to induce them to forbear a war. They cannot understand but that the nobility and gentry with the common people do well conceive the fruit of amity betwixt these two realms, and are utterly bent against the French, so as the writers are forced to procure them favour and entertainment. They see that this Council of Scot- land may be directed to do anything the Queen commands them ; but how long that will endure, God knows. In the matter of redress for usage of the style and arms, they see the French here rest only upon moderation thereof, that the dishonour of the French and their uncles do not so ensue, as they say the English " covet." Although their doings have deserved the same, the writers know not whether the Queen will have them fall into the war, rather than lack their wills in dishonouring them. When their Lordships have considered all things here, and if it seems meet, that they shall upon any advantages known to their Lordships rather break than con- clude in that point, or in other like, they can easily do it. And for all doubts here in camp, if money be sent, and Norfolk comes in, there is no doubt but that the town shall be in his hands within 10 days, as Cecil plainly understands. Refer their Lordships to such advertisements as they have made to the Queen, and beseech a speedy and certain answer —Edinburgh, 19 June 1560. 1| pp. [Haynes, p. 327. In extenso.] 744. Viscount Montague and Sir Thos. Chamberlain to the Queen. 1560, June 20. — They have this day dispatched Frances Picher, the Queen's post, with large declaration of their proceedings with the King 237 and his ministers upon her letters. They are suddenly warned of the despatch of one this night to the French court and so are not able to put the duplicate of their former letter in cipher ; they have thought meet to put the sum and effect thereof into this, touching the King's amity towards her and his good disposition to the compounding of these matters. First, by the conference had with the King and his ministers jointly, with other good intelligence, the writers inform the Queen that she ought neither at this time nor from henceforth, if it pleases her to accept him for her brother and friend, to fear the common enemy that has been, to whom these present quarrels compounded, he will always have an eye, both for her interest and surety and for his own. For more ample signification of his good will, he will send in three or four days Don John Pacheco, a gentleman of his chamber, unto the Queen with his advice how she should accept composition out of hand for avoiding greater inconvenience without sticking at some points of small moment, as at the breach of the last league with the Scots and re- delivery of their hostages, which can neither now nor hereafter be any assurance ; experience teaching sufficiently to know their fidelity in keeping promise which they never did. The King also would not have the Queen greatly to stand for this time at the keeping still of 300 or 400, or three or four ensigns of French soldiers at the most in Scotland, making strong capitulations upon this agreement in that behalf. The King understands it to be almost agreed upon for leaving of the Queen's arms and titles, suffering the Scots to be governed by their own laws from henceforth with forgiveness for the past, and the razing of Leith. The King advises that in this conclusion two special articles might be remembered with protestation ; the one that whensoever the French King attempts to place a greater number of soldiers than are agreed upon, the Queen may seek to expulse the same and be not imputed to have violated the common peace ; the other that for anything at this time done by her the French shall never impute her a breaker of the last league made at Cambray for restitution of Calais, meaning thereby to take advantage in that respect and break that covenant. If the French King condescends to the same in this conclusion, the King is of opinion that both the Queen and himself have the advantage if hereafter the French start again, as they are not to be trusted. The King and his ministers think it meet the Queen should bend herself to this composition. They hope Frances shall arrive well unto her and almost as soon as this. — Toledo, 20 June 1560. [Chiefly in cipher, deciphered. 2 pp. Haynes, p. 328. In extenso.] 745. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, June 20. — Their armour is arrived at last before the haven, and they hope to have it all the next tide. They use all the diligence they can to put themselves in readiness, and he fears nothing but the fewness of their number. The new reconciliation between the Laird of Liddington and Sir James Crofts seems to be very true, for, as he is credibly informed, the Lords of the Congregation and he did write to the Queen or some of the Council in his behalf. Prays him to send his nephew Fitzwilliams hitherwarcl. Would there were many more such for the purpose. [Z>. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 27d.] 238 746. Sir Wm, Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 21.— The French and Scottish Commissioners had not met that afternoon to discuss the proposed treaty, in consequence of the time required by the latter for consultation and translation. Were to meet next morning. Expects to have something to write towards the evening. The hardest knot will be the league between England and Scotland. Great dislike of the French to it. Doubts how it will be maintained. Would gladly know the Queen's pleasure in the matter, their instructions being very general in this respect. A plainer explanation would greatly help, as the whole will hang on this point. Desires a declaration from the Queen whether they are to desist, unless a pact can be obtained wherein the nobility are mentioned, or if there shall not be an article for a mutual defence of the liberties of either realm. Hopes to obtain Sir W. Petre's assistance in this matter, though late. [Postscript. ~] Sends an intercepted letter from a French secretary in the castle to the town. If Mr. Hampton can do nothing to it, it should be sent to Mr. Sommer, whom he wishes earnestly to have had with him. Desires that Mr. Hampton may take care to send these letters to Mr. Throckmorton. — Edinburgh, 21 June 1560. Seal. I p. [Haynes, p. 329. In extenso.'] 747. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, June 21. — Cecil made a hard adventure when he sent him (Norfolk) his seal of arms. " It is ever ill trusting of an unthrift with such credyt." The more Cecil speaks of the " pale breach," it makes him think Lord Grey's direction to have been better than Sir Jas. Croft's execution. However the matter stands, if he had been in Croft's case he would never have made means to have been purged by strangers. The matter looks very ill when his head can find no better means for his purgation than that part of their men were come but not all. Complains of the great lack of powder and other munitions. — Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 27d.] 748. Sir Wm. Petre to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, June 22. — He will understand from the letters of Mr. Treasurer what has been done for the speedy sending of money to him. The sum will be a greater one than that required in his letters. No such letter as Cecil had written about, from himself and Mr. Wotton to the Lords of the Council, had been brought to Greenwich. The intelligence lately sent by Mr. Throckmorton had been since confirmed, both as regards the continuance or rather increase of the inward discord and division and of their unreadiness. Wherefore it has been agreed that about 2,000 men, who had been commanded to be at Portsmouth on the 28th of the month, should be stopped, but remain in readiness to start at one hour's notice. The order was intended to lessen the charges for victuals and pay, and would also serve for the then harvest time. Mr. Gresham had prolonged the payments in Flanders for six months, and was asking leave to come to England on the delivery of the bonds, which were all ready to be sent to him. The expectations of all depended on Cecil's doings, which he prayed might, with the Queen's honour, establish quietness. — Greenwich, 22 June 1560. I p. [Haynes, p. 330. In extenso. ~] 239 749. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 23. — Forwarding the enclosed documents and explaining the delay in sending them. — Berwick, 23 June, 1560. Seal. \ p. Modern copy of preceding. Enclosures : — 1. Abridgment of the replies made by the Deputies of the King and Queen. These were made by Commissioners of Mary Queen of Scots and her husband, and have reference to the Government of Scotland. — Dated by Cecil, 22 June. French. i\ pp. [Haynes, p. 331. In extenso.] 2. Demands of the Commissioners of Mary Queen of Scots and Francis II. ivith reference to the same subject. Cecil appends the following postscript : — 44 23 Junii. Sence these articlees wer côceaved, uppô talk this daye betwixt them, the cotent es of these articlees be tëpered otherwise to y e cdmodite of Scotland. 44 To morrow shall this dayes treaty be putt in wry ting so as by tewsdaye at night y e certenty I trust will appere. 44 W. Cecill." [ These enclosures are annotated by Cecil, and are marked, 44 To Endorsed by Cecil : — 22 June 1560. French. 2 pp. [Haynes, pp. 331, 332. In extenso; the two enclosures being printed as one document.] 750. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 23. — Expresses desire for further intelligence. States that the French and Scottish deputies had dined at his lodging, and had agreed upon most of the articles of the treaty. His presence is of great service as the Scottish lords give way, for his sake, where otherwise they would not. Uses no persuasion to them. Their consideration of the wish for peace, and their grateful spirit towards the English Queen. Shifts of the French deputies. Accommodating behaviour of Lord James [Stewart] and the Laird of Ledington. Will write further after the morrow. If he was sure that, supposing the French forces removed by agreement, they would either more slowly or quietly agree to other things, he could devise to remove them, and their own forces also, thereby lessening costs, and affording more leisure for the consideration of Scottish affairs, and a conclusion upon them ; but he fears nothing will move the French to come to an agreement with them, save thé apprehension they have of losing their men. Yet for the present is content to treat more quietly because the Duke of Norfolk is unable to get quite ready through want of money. Hopes that John Bynkes arrived on the Sunday. Desires that his wife may be informed he is in health.— Edinburgh, 23 June 1560. 1^ pp» [Haynes, p. 332. In extenso.] 240 751. [The Privy Council to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton.] [1560, June 24.] — " For answer to the Commissioners in the North." For the satisfaction or recompense for the title aud arms, &c, shall be required : — 1. That the King and Queen of France shall forbear to use the said title and asms, and by proclamation forbid their subjects to use the same, as also the joining or quartering the arms of England with those of Scotland. 2. Any grants or writings wherein the title is mentioned, or with seals annexed containing the title and arms, to be corrected and newly made, written, and sealed. 3. All writings not so reformed within six months after the date of this treaty, to be void and of none effect. 4. Where the said title and arras have been graven, painted, or other- wise set up in sundry places in France and Scotland, the same to be by open proclamation commanded to be taken down or defaced within six months. (A marginal note states : " If this article being as much pressed as may be, may not be obtained, the same to be also referred to the order of the King of Spain.") And for the further demands in satisfaction of the great wrongs done to the Queen, to require Calais, and 500,000 crowns. If this be not obtainable, to reserve the order for the said recompense to a further treaty between the Queen's Commissioners and those of the French King and Queen ; and if they agree not within 3 months from the date of this treaty, the order to be reserved to the K. of Spain. If it shall be agreed for the retire of the soldiers, 4,000 of the best appointed to remain at Berwick for the guard of that place, which shall be a good aid to the Lords of Scotland, to countenance and encourage them for the establishment of their state. The French soldiers to be sent in the victuallers' or merchants' ships found in the Frith, Berwick, Newcastle, or Hull, and some may, if required, pass through this realm by land, so as they come not above 40 in one company, and unarmed, except with their swords and daggers. Hostages to be given for the surety of the ships of England. The prisoners on both sides to be set at liberty. " The last of the French articles is thought reasonable."* — Undated. Draft. 2\ pp. 752. The Queen to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton. 1560, [June 24.] — Has received their letters of the 19th inst., together with such articles and copies of writings sent by the same. Notifies her resolution touching the points submitted for consideration, being the same in substance as contained in the letter of the Privy Council of this date, with the exception that the number of soldiers to remain at Berwick is altered to 2,000. Instructs them how to deal in the matter of the existing league between her and the Scots. — Undated. Draft corrected. 8^ pp. [Lodge I., pp. 412-417- In extenso. See also State Papers, Scotland. Elizabeth, 1560. Vol. IV. No. 24 ; Calendar of Foreign Papers, No. 228.] * This article was for the ceasing from preparation on both parts. Lodge, Vol. I., p. 415. 241 753. Sir Wm. Cecil to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, Juno 25. — Refers him to bearer for a report of the state of matters. These are nearing arrangement, *' onely diffidence maketh strangnes." The trouble, and specially his, is chiefly with the Lords of Scotland. Finds some so deeply persuaded in the matter of religion that nothing can persuade them that may appear to hinder it. Great assistance given herein by the Laird of Ledington. Otherwise sees folly would hazard all. Thinks the afternoon will try the issue. Ttie treaty cannot be fully concluded until he receives answer to John Bynkes' message from the court. Trusts to hear of him by Thursday night or Friday morning. — Edinburgh, 25 June 1560. J p. [Haynes, p. 333. In extenso .] 754. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir Wm. Cecil. 1560, June 26. — I have received your letters, by which I take a good hope of peace. If it chance so happily, I would fain if I durst make a journey unknown thither, for I would be glad to see somewhat for my learning. We have no news except that Sir James Croft's men be gone towards London, as they say, to meet their master, who cometh down in great triumph, which if it be true, I will learn wit, not to be so hasty in such like cases again. And yet I thought a man could not have gone nigher a traitor and have missed than Sir J. Croft. I am plain with you as one of my chiefest friends ; 1 cannot skill to dissemble. I pray God make him a good man. P.S. — I pray you send me your opinion for my request of seeing Leith if things so chance. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Booh, fol. 28.] Modern copy of the preceding. 755. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, June 27. — W rites to inform him of the trouble that has arisen from the Queen's letters, last sent by John Bynkes. By these they were commanded to make a contract with the French for the substance of the league between the Queen and the Scots, but the French declined, saying they had no authority. After much altercation they offered a general clause to confirm all things in the said treaty relating to the preservation of liberty in either kingdom. Mr. Wotton would not agree to this, and so, notwithstanding all Cecil's indirect policy, the French will needs depart. Before this matter was pressed they were content to let alone the league, which be would have interpreted to have been a permission answerable to an article in the Queen's instructions, but Mr. Wotton doubted this, and feared to adventure. If the Queen's letter had left this affair to his discretion, he would rather have adventured it with those terms than have broken the agreement come to on all parts. But as ministers they had to act according to their instructions. Want of money hinders the getting ready of the army ; this the French perceive, and therefore grow colder. Will write if he sees anything better on the morrow. Thinks they will be forced to depart on Monday, as the French are offended at their safe-conduct not being procured on this date [i.e. tha 27th]. — Edinburgh, 27 June 1560. Seal. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 334. In e,vtenso.~\ I 84066. <> M 756. Sut Wm. Cecil to the Duke of Norfolk. 1560, June 28. — Informs him of the arrival of John Bynkes. Had received intelligence from the town that Martigues was dead, and that the hope of peace kept the soldiers quiet. This hope encourages the French ambassadors to agree to certain points. Had that morning com- municated to Lord Grey and the camp, and to the Lords of Scotland, that in consequence of letters received from the Queen they would probably break with the French. The Scots very glad at this, as also Lord Grey and certain captains. The soldiers discontented ; they cursed Sir George Howard whom he had sent to spread the report of the probable rupture. Had caused certain papers to be shot into the town, which would make some stir there. Sends a copy. Does all this to lessen the French ambassador's hope of peace, and so bring them to better terms. Thinks the town might be forced to surrender, but then considers peace would not follow. Is averse to a war, as he knows, except on necessity. Hopes himself for peace, yet is content to spread another opinion in men's minds there. Trusts the duke will do the same where he is. Must wait before he can write more ; begs him to give the news so far to the Court. The Treasurer must come to pay off their horse- men, and the cost of some victuals he (Cecil) has. ordered for the ships, else they will not be able to return home. — Edinburgh, 28 June 1560. [Postscript.'] Begs him to excuse his lack of writing to the Court as he is overwhelmed with business, f My meaning is, not that contrary opinion were divulged either to France or to King Philip's ministers, but of peace, for staying of their purposes." 2 pp. [Haynes, p. 334. In extenso.] Appended, Copy of a paper thrown into the town of Leith. Urging the inhabitants to give up 50 hostages to Lord Grey or to the English Ambassadors. Otherwise the Duke of Norfolk tvill revenge the blood they have caused to be shed. Advising them not to be deceived by the French promises of aid, as the troubles in that country will not let them bring assistance. A new army from England has arrived at Berwick? and is ready to march. They can surrender now with honour, as they hare well sustained a long siege, and the promises of help made to them have so many times failed. Dated by Cecil :—28 June 1560. French. hj>. [ Haynes, p. 335. In extenso.] 757. Account of the Treasurer of the Household. 1560, June 28. — Account of Sir Thomas Parry, Treasurer of the Household, for one year and seven months — 28th November, 1 Eliz. (1558), to 28th June, 2 Eliz. (1560). 23 pp. 758. The Queen to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton. 1560, June. — Instructions how to proceed with the French Commis- sioners as to the league* between England and the nobility of Scotland. * Keferring to the treaty concluded at Berwick, on the 17th of February pre- ceding, between the Commissioners of the Congregation and the Duke of Norfolk. — Lodge, Vol. I., p. 416. 2" 4*1» If they will agree to none of the ways suggested, so us to assure the Queen (beside their Prince's promise only) of the continuation. of -amity with the nobility of Scotland, and preservation of their reasonable liberty, they are to break off any further treaty. In such case they are to give early notification thereof to the Duke of Norfolk, that he may with all good speed proceed with the army to Leith. Doubts not they will have such foresight as the Lords of Scotland may remain in courage, and well understand that the Queen seeks chiefly their surety, and liberty of that realm. — June, 2 Eliz. 2 pp. [Lodge, Vol. I., pp. 417-420. In extenso.] Fair copy of the preceding. 2 pp. 759. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, July 1 — Has received Cecil's letters, for which he thanks him and prays that an honourable peace may be the reward of his great pains. They do all they can, however, to set things in readiness, if the worst should befall. Prays him, for God's sake, if he thinks that war will follow, to write earnestly up for more money, or he frars they will not be able to keep the soldiers from mutiny. [I), of Norfolk's Entrij Book, fol. 28.] 760. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. N> Won on to the Queen. 1560, July 1. — Express their regret at the failure of the negotiations for peace. State that, in accordance with the instructions they had received, they had pressed the French Ambassadors to procure by pro- clamation the defacing of the Royal Style and Arms of England used in France, and to obtain, either the continuance of the treaty then existing between Elizabeth and the nobility of Scotland, or the substance thereof tending to the preservation of Scotland in liberty from conquest. The ambassadors refused. Were obliged to break off, and made semblance of leaving the country. Narrate at great length the history of the nego- tiations they still continued to make on the two points above mentioned, especially the latter. Describe the difficulties they had with the French ambassadors, and send copies of the articles proposed during the course of the negotiations. Managed to get all, except the article about the confirmation of the treaty referred to above. This absolutely necessary. Notify some of the dangers' likely to arise from not obtaining such article. Are determined to return from Edinburgh. The Duke of Norfolk has been given notice to come there. — Edinburgh, 1 July. 1560. Seal. 2% pp. [Haynes, pp. 335-338. In extenso, .] Appended : — Copies of the articles referred to m the foregoing. These are in Latin (one being given also in French), and are annotated by Cecil. - «agiiivri 'ifaiti u' [Haynes, p. 350. In ■extenso.'] 771. Treats between England and Scotland. 1560, July 6. — Copy of the treaty at Edinburgh. The treaty of Chateau Cambresis to remain in force. The King and Queen of Scotland to abstain from using the arms and title of England. — Edinburgh, 6 July 1560. Latin. pp. ■ [Printed in Rymer^-Fœdera, Vol. XV,, pp. 593- 597.] 772. Treaty of Edinburgh. [1560, July 6.] — Articles proposed to the Bishop of Valence, and M. de Randan, Deputies of the King and Queen [of France], by way of request on the part of the nobility and people of Scotland. — Undated. [See State Papers, Scotland, Elizabeth (1560), Vol. IV., No. 41.] Copy. Imperfect. French. 4^ pp. - 773. Arms and Style of England. 1560, July 6. — A Draft of certain Articles whereby the King and Queen of France and Scotland were to engage no longer to use, or suffer to be used, the Royal arms and titles of England and Ireland ; and were to cause the same, wheresoever they existed throughout their dominions in conjunction with those of France and Scotland, to be entirely defaced and obliterated, &c. In tbe event of the said King atd Queen refusing to accede to the demands of the Queen of England 247 they were to engage to submit to the arbitration of the King of Spain in the matter, if given within a specified time. — Endorsed: — 6 July 1560. [In an endorsement by Cecil it is stated that these articles were first propounded, but afterwards altered and enlarged in the treaty.] French. 1~ pp. 774. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, July 6. — Begging that a pardon may be sent for George Paris, who had been in the employ of the late Queen of Scotland, but had left her and given himself up to Lord Grey. Thinks he might be proved with the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Had put him in expectation of pardon and some pension. Prays the pardon may be sent speedily, if it is to be granted. — Edinburgh, 6 July 1560. [Postscript.] Makes an enquiry concerning the numbers of the garrison for Berwick. Lack of money there for payment of the soldiers. The peace could not be proclaimed that night, but was to be next day. Seal. H pp. [Haynes, p. 353. In extenso.] 775. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton to the Queen. 1560, July 6. — Acknowledge her Majesty's letters of the 28th June. Trust her expectation will be satisfied with what they have done for the liberty of Scotland. Have obtained for her own causes an honour- able end, having compelled the French ambassadors to acknowledge, in open treaty, her undoubted right [to the Crown of England and Ireland]. Narrate the steps they have secured shall be taken for the safety and liberty of Scotland. Two things have been too hot for the French ambassadors to meddle with, and so they have left them alone, viz., religion, and the accord betwixt her Majesty and Scotland, Even if the said treaty should not remain in force, the special points tending to keep Frenchmen out of Scotland, and such like, are well and assuredly provided for. Tell about the signing of the treaties between England and France, and France and Scotland, respectively ; as also of the one for the demolition of Leith and removal of the French soldiers. Shall endeavour to hasten the matter to the dissolving of the army. Cecil had already taken some steps for the furtherance of this. Intend to proclaim the peace that afternoon, after a little ceremony taken to ascertain the contentment of the town. — The camp before Leith, 6 July, 1560. Seat 3 pp. [Haynes, pp. 351-353. In e.vtcnso."] Draft of the preceding, in Cecil's handwriting.— Edinburgh, 6 July 1560. 4 pp. 776. Treats of Edinburgh. [1560, July 8.] — Imperfect draft of the principal heads of the accords of Scotland, — that the French shall not fortify anything there but by advice of the three estates ; the debts due for victuals shall be paid ; Parliament shall begin on the 10th instant ; the King and Queen not to make peace or war without consent of the three estates ; for governance of the realm the three estates shall choose twenty-four, of which the 248 Queen shall choose seven and the estates five, to make a Council of twelve. If the estates find it needful to add two to the number then the King and Queen shall choose one and the estates the other. The charges of this Council to be provided out of the revenues of the Crown. French. 2 pp. 777. Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton to the Queen. [1560], July 8. — The peace has been proclaimed. The artillery on both sides is in process of removal. Appearance and numbers of the French soldiers in Leith. Chief points of the treaty between England and France. The negotiations on it, and on the treaty between France and Scotland, have occupied sixteen days. Chief heads of the Scottish treaty. Trust her Majesty will favourably regard their proceedings. Respecting the cessation of warlike preparations (a copy of the article on which they transmit), they have agreed to leave it to be decided by her Majesty and the French ambassador in London, when and how the same shall be. — Edinburgh, 8 July. [Annexed is a copy, in Latin, of the article above referred to.~\ Seal. 4| pp. [Haynes. pp. 354-357. In extenso.'] 778. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, July 10. — Mr. Carew is arrived here and goes away presently Londonwards. Barkeley hath written to him this morning desiring his aid for his delivery. There is no way to help him but by the exchange of St. John. They say he is but a third brother, and that he hath been taken heretofore and then did not pay above 300 crowns for his ransom. Mr. Barkeley offeroth 500 crowns. Would be sorry that a little covetousness should make Mr. Barclay go into France, to his utter undoing. There is no man able to do anything with Lord Grey in this matter but Cecil. Prays him therefore to speak with him in it. Asks what he is to do with reference to the appointment of the Lord Wharton as Captain of Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 28 d.J 779. Sir Peter Carew to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, July 11. — Had been travelling post haste from Edinburgh with letters from Cecil to the Queen. Had been seized with fits of ague, and could not proceed further. Sends on his servant with the letters. Begs to be excused to the Queen. — Darington, 11 July. Endorsed : — 1560. Seal, § p. 780. Sir Wm. Cecil to Sir Wm. Petre. 1560, July 14. — Thinks the Duke of Norfolk need not stop in Berwick. It is miserable to behold the loss he has sustained. Her Majesty's pleasure should be known as to who is to remain there until a captain of the town has been appointed. The sooner this is certified the better. Thinks one that knows the frontier, and who would readily depart on the appointment of a new captain, should be placed there ; believes Sir Francis Leeke to be such an one. Begs the matter may be hastened, and the requisite letters sent. Next day Leith is to be dis- 249 mantled, on Tuesday the men embark, on Wednesday he hopes to leave Edinburgh Edinburgh, 14 July 156Ô. Seal. 1 p. [Haynes, p. 357. In extenso.'] 781. The Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil, 1560, July 15. — Has this day received a letter from Lord Grey by which he perceives Cecil's friendly interference in Mr. Barkeley's behalf, for which he heartily thanks him. Lord Grey has written to him requesting him to obtain permission for him to go to London for 14 days. Has replied that he would do what he could, but that he hoped by that time to be on his way to London himself. — Berwick. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 29.] 782. Sir Wm. Cecil to the Lords of the Privy Council. 1560, July 15. — Will follow their order for the course of her Majesty's ships returning from Scotland. Explains a previous determi- nation on the same point. None of the English ships shall enter any French harbour. Great number of vessels wanted for transporting the French troops. Leith was dismantled that day. Trusts the French embarkation will be finished by the following night. Goodwill on all sides for their departure. Hopes by Wednesday that they the " men of peace " may lodge at Haddington. States certain directions he has given for the sending away of some of the troops. Thinks 4,000 or 5,000 may remain at Berwick, but not longer than one month, unless their Lordships see any reason to the contrary. — Edinburgh, 15 July 1560. Seal. 2 pp. [Haynes, pp. .357-359. In extenso.'] 783. Duke of Norfolk to Sir W. Cecil. 1560, July 16. — Perceives the good speed he makes in despatching his affairs. If there be not great care taken for the placing of the garrison here, her Majesty was never more deceived than she will be again ; and then they may well allege the old proverb against him, " partitriunt montes et exit ridiculus mus." He has done nothing but talk of reformation, if in the end the effect thereof takes no place. Nevertheless hopes, with Cecil's help, to take such order that her Majesty shall not be deceived. — From Berwick, &c. [D. of Norfolk's Entry Book, fol. 29.] 784. The Privy Council to Sir Wm. Cecil and Dr. Wotton. 1560, [July 19.] — By their letters of the 8th inst., the execution of the article touching the ceasing of the preparation on both sides is referred to be agreed upon between the Queen and the French ambassador resident here. The ambassador was therefore told that if the King, his master, would appoint some certain time within twelve or fourteen days for Throckmorton to send some of his folks along the sea-coast to see how this article is observed in France, order would be taken for the ambassador to see that the Queen did the like on her side. 250 Her Majesty considers that Lord Grey's request to repair hither for fourteen days cannot at present be accorded, considering how rawly things stand upon the borders. — Undated. Draft. 2\ pp. [Lodge, I., pp. 420-422. In extenso.'] .aioa ? W »f8 oj 2uo'