SkSp^ V' ' fjA [ i ] TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE THE EARL OF EXETER. MY LORD, JT is with Angular Satrsfaftion that I receive the Honour of your Lordship’s Permiffion to affix to this fecond Volume of “ Specimens of the Ancient Sculpture and Painting no/m remain¬ ing in this Kingdomf your Lordlhip’s Namej a Circumftance fo very flattering to my Endeavours in carrying on this Work, that the arduous Talk will become light. I fhall look forward to the Period of this Volume with the fervent Wilh that it may meet the fame Approbation from your Lordfhip that you was pleafed to exprefs of the former Volume. Indeed this is not the only Inftance of your Lordfliip’s Condefcenfion, in approving my Labours, which, with the higheft Duty and Refpedl:, I flrall ever remember. I remain, My Lord, Your Lordlhip’s Molt obedient and faithful humble Servant, College Street, Weftminller, July 1787. JOHN CARTER. [ H 1 E>ipla?2atwn of the Frontifpiece to the Second Vuliune. n dcfi^n reprelents tlie firfl: wound that T^he Ancient SCULPTURE and PAIXTIXO ^ of thi? kingdom received in the reign of Henry Vlll. fmee which period the hand of i'^norance and miftaken zeal have reduced them to the ftate wc beltold them in at this day. The feene is in the f nth aile of the choir of fome rich and noble nbhey, (looting call) ilte comp, fition of which is felcfted from the writers of thofe limes, and is as foll.)ws. 'Ibomas Lord CromicclU (the only portrait introduced) accompanied by a Noble Pcrfoiinge, comm ’.riding an armed band of men, comes to this abbey to enforce its fuirender: tlie Abbot, With two of his Monks, refufe to fubmit, and being refolute in denying Henry % fnprcmacy arc marked for deftruiffi n. A feene of impiety and devallation enl’uesj and in the height of its fury, the Abbot ard the two Monks are brought into the church, and they are made in addition to their cxpeclcd untimelv fate the mifcrable fpeflators of facrilege ! the defacing of Statues and Paintings! the tlieft of all the rich ornameii ts! all the offerings, &c. the gifts of tlieir pious I'Cnetactors. Strange reverie of all fub’unary grandeur! Ifow far different our View in Edvjard't, fplendid d.iv ! th n were Sculp ruRE and Painting in their bcig/jt oj gLryI" here in Henry % fatal niglii they are “ jalUn how loiv !" The Abbot Is the confpicuous figure, who, with the two Monks, are led in bound by a fol- dicr, who is going to llrike him; other foldiers are fecn behind tlicm. CroOT-ciW/holds the king's warrant, .nnd is reproaching the Abbot for his oblflnacy. A lady, a youth of rank, and an aim’s man, are interceding for thele devoted viiffims. The perfonage who accompa¬ nies Cromwell is with his fvvoid giving diredlions to a Icribe who is taking an inventorv of the riches and iclicks which the foldicrs are bringing from various pans ot the church, and lay on the tomb bcfoie him : over his arm a crucifix and fword, before him bags of money, deeds of eflates, and other records, a faint’s ikull and arm, a crown, a nail of the crofs, phia’s with the tears and blood of martyrs. On the tomb is a crofier, over which is laid a halbert and a foldicr’s cap, a Idcring bell, an hour gLifs, and a clilli with money: on tlie corner of the tomb, an altar clotli, by it, on the pavement, an incenfe pot, a milfal, a fword, a ufiti'c, a holy water fjirinkler, 6cc. In the right hand corner are three men demolilhing a imall altar, one is ihriifling a halbert into a I'icture of the Trinity, (the wafer under his foot) ano¬ ther taking the I’ix, the third wrapping in die altar cloth its furniture: above the pictme is a llatue of a virgin baint. In the dillancc we behold a proftrate Nun, \\h> being turned out of a neighbouring nunnery, and purfued by a fohlu-i. flies for prot».dion to the gieat church, (ignorant of the bufinels acting there) and falls at the Let of the llatueof t!ie V'lrp-in. Near thele are two men quarrelling for the private dilpofil of a rich altar cloth, and another dealing away with a filver Ihrine on his back. A trumpeter on a ti.mb is founding a charge; emblem of lawlefs power tiiumphing over the church. Lelfiiul the lulJler leading the Abbot is one bringing fpoils to the tomb. Here is feen a foldier, who having the care of the fide door of the cln ir is going to Ifab a Monk who is on the ground, but is pi evented by his comrade. Through the arch of the monument, above Cromi.vtti'% head, are others damaging the high altar. A man in the choir is tearing down tlie hangings of the monument behind the youth above-mentioned, which gives a view of Ibme Monks flying from the fwords ot mercilefs pur- fuers. 1 he monument is a wai rior's in Edward Ill’s iTign; on it are hung his various arms: the banners are thole taken by him in the wars in France. Againfl the pillars by the monu¬ ment is a p.-inting of Pidte delivering Chryl to be crucified (according with the feene before us.) Ik:e are other funeral trophies hung up. Near the bottom of the dilbnt clufter of columns, by the llatue of the Virgin, is an hilfoilcal painting, above which hangs tiic Ikin of fome wild bcall flain by the knight whofe effigies are carved above it; Hill higher isfecn :t vaiiety of arms and trophies. In the gallery on the fide of the high altar, and locking into tlie fide aile, are Monks belonging to the inflrumental band of the choir. In the vaultiiurs above are otlier Menks. Thefe religious arc of the Benedictine order. The arehiteilure is in theityleo' Henry \\\. The drelfes, decorations, (S:c. are in flrkt conformity to the ti.me the above iranfactions werecanied on. TITLE PAGE. THE general idea is an outfide view of a ruined building, formed of variouc fubjcfls^ introduced in this work. The Title Page to Vol. I. being an infide defign to the fame pur- P' le. The a:ch containing the title, and the architecfuie above it, are from the icmains of t!ie interior part < f the cloifters of Peterborough Minfler. On the point of the m adding rifing from the above arch, is a niche containing the figure of God holdliig up a Crucifi.x, which is over the porch of Higglefwade church, Bedfordjhire. On the riglu'lide of the arch IS a Sax'.n niche with the ftatue of Bilhop Herbert Lofmg, whicli is over the door o!i the out¬ fide of the north tranfept of Norwich Cathedral. In the niche below, l.iid a-Minll the wall, IS the rt.itue of King Eamund tlie Martyr, with tlie dart in his hand: this fragment is part of a font brought from church, near Fbetfora, and is in the poH'clfion of Mi\ £///> of that place. T!.e roy.il head on the left fide ol the arch, with the ornameiu.il frize in the fore groimu, were dug up at Fhetford, and now placed in a wall in the old Bowlin^- Green. By tne frize is a Poniayi altar on a plinth, Handing in Calior churcli yard, near Peterborough', the c.apital lying by it, on which are two men fighting, is in the church. Theorn.a- mented tile, by the fnze, is from 0.% church, Herts, and is in the polMion of Lady halujbury of that place. The female head on fume m uldlngs near the foregoing fubi-ct' forms an ai m to a feat in the ch fir of iVorcepr Cathedral. The Br.ils on the left fide in the fore ground is in liitehoi church, Uert.. On part of the Brafs Hands tlie bife of a crofs which IS on the road tide near iiiamjord. By the left fide of the arch is a fculpture I memol nalof Robert Sbtriom it is on the outfide of the cluiHers of t>t. Crops, near tFinchellcr. dole to tills IS pair of a window to a houfe at Barneck, near Stamford I'lie tower U-n i" the diHance is from the old Boon: at KoriHcb. - • • [ Mi ] THE SECOND LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS TO THE SpEciMENsofthe ANCIENT SCULPTURE and PAINTING NOW REMAINING IN THIS KINGDO M, The KING’S LIBRARY. A A ll Souls College Libra¬ ry, Oxford -Armftrong, Efq. Mr. Thomaa Arnold Mr. Alkew B The Rt. Hon. the Earl ofBute, F. A. S. Gauftavus Brander, Efq. F. A.S. Chrift-church, Hants Rev, Dr. Beavoir James Bindley, Efq. F. A.S. C'ommlffioner of Stamp Du¬ ties John Beridge, Efq. M. B. Derby Rev. Mr. Brandon, Canterbury Philip Barci'oft, Efq. — — ■•Baxter, Efq. Richard Brunimell, Efq, Mr. Barker, York Mr. Buxton Mr. Boulter, Bookfeller, Yar¬ mouth Mr. Brown, Bookfeller Mr. Bedwell, Bookfeller John Frere, Efq. F. R. S. F. A. S. Rev. Dr, Farmer, F. R. S. F. A.S.MafterofEmraanuel College, Cambridge Mr. Faulder, Bookfeller Rt. Hon. William Burton Co- nyngham, F. A. S. Peter Calvert, Efq. Dean of the Arches James Mansfield Cliadwicke, Efq. F. A, S.Heaiy Hall ■ Cranfield, Efq. Charles Combe, M. D. F. R. S. F. A. S. Mr. Crawford Mr. Conder, Engraver D Lord LeDefpencer, Mereworth Caftle, Kent George Drummond, Efq. -Riciiard Durno, Efq. Rev. James Delway -Delany, Efq. Dublin Mr. Drumond E Thomas Earley, Efq. Mr. John Elkins Mr. Edwards, Bookfeller, 3 fets Mr. Elmiley, Botkleller Mr. Evans, Bookfeller Lady Grantham Mr. James Guidon, jun. Mr. Robert Golden H Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart. F. R. S. h'. A. S. Stourhead, Wilts John Adair Hawkins, Efq. F. A. S. Charles Hoare, Efq. F. A. S. Richard Holland, Efq. Archi- teft - Hills, Efq. Mr. Samuel Hays, Bookfeller, 2 fets J Mr. Edward Jones, Mufician K Edward King, Efq. F. R. S. F. A. S. e/ Sac. Antiq. CaJJel. Soc. Honorar. Peter Kirby, Efq. Rev. Dr. Lockman, Maflerof the Hofpital of St. Crofs, near Winchefler Rev. Dr. Layard, F. R. S. F.A. S. Mrs. Loveden Philip HamerfleyLeathes, Efq. F. A. S. Mr. Lomax, Durham Mr. George Lumley, Jun. M Sir Henry St. John Mildmay, Bart. Dogmersfield, Plants -Mee, Efq. Hinckley, Lei- cefterfhire Rev. Mr. John Milner, St, Pe¬ ter’s Houfe, Wincheftcr — Meggifon, Efq. Mr. Manfon, Bookfeller Richard Norris, Efq. Architedt Mr. Nicolls, Bookfeller O Mr. Owen, Bookfeller, 3 fets P -Pitt, Efq: ■-Pollard, Efq. Archited Mrs. Mary Prodor, Batii Mr. Paiicin R James Ridley, Efq. -Rogers, Eiq. Manchefter -Robertfon, Efq. John Royds, Efq. Knapton Rev. Dr. Reynell, Winchefler Mr, Robertfon Mr. Robfon, Bookfeller, 5 fets Mr. Roice Mr. Richardfon, Boolcfeller S Lady Salufbury Sir John Smith, Bart. F, R. S. F A. S. Rev. Plervey Spragg, M. A. F. A. S. Thomas Stanley, Efq.F. R S P". A. S. Mr. Simeo, Bookfeller, 5 fets T Sir Alexander Thompfon, Knt. F. R. S. F. A. S. one of the Barons of the Court of Ex¬ chequer Peter Thompfon, Efq. U Mr. Underwood, Painter W Rt. Rev. the Biihop of Win¬ chefler Henry Lee Warner, Efq. Wal- fingliam, Norfolk -Whitaker, Efq. Holme Mr. Watkins, Exeter Melfrs. B. and J. White, Book- fellers Mr. Walter, Bookfeller Mr. Waifli, Bookfeller Mr. Wilkinfon, Printfeller Y John Yenn, Efq. Archited, P". A. S. Kenfington Palace [ iv' ]’ index. V O L. 11. B, riatc. Page. B asso fellcvos on the under part nf'ihc feats of the choir, and two iairi'-relievoson tlie ceiling of do. of ]'i!y caihcdia! — — ——on the capitals of the columns fiippoi ting the lantern of Ely Cathedral ——coniini’.fd — — -concluded, with a variety oflmAos Hcvcrlv, Yorklhire, ftatucs from the hlinfter and St. Mary’s Church — R.jfi in thechurcli of the hofpiial of St. Crofs, ne.ar Winclieilcr — Dfllos, A'c. in thcjentablature, on which hands the parapet, on the outfido ol the nave nt Sc. Jolm’sChurch, Ciren- cefter, Glocellcribire [the north fide] - -— continued and concluded [the Ibcith lide] — — - in the porch, and the moll re- nuikaldc ball6-rclievos on the iinder p.irt ot the feats of the choir of the collegiate church of Sc. Katharine, near the Tower, London — C. COLLFCl.-\TE church at Southwell, Nottinsliainlhire, buflos and ballb- rclicvos from thence* — D. DORSET.'I-IIRE. a brafs from ^\■im- born Minfler, and baflb-relievos from Sherborn Minfltr — — E. ENTR ANCE from the c.rll cloiflcr into the loath aille of the choir ot Norwich Cathedral — — F. FIGURES on thel.ynncup, which was given to that corporation by K. John Frontilpicce — — G. GF.OMETRIC.\L elevation of the arch and capitals of the porch of Sc. Margaret's Chuieh, York — H. J lie AD of Henry VII, in the pofTelllon ot the Hon. 1 loracc Walpole, now Earl of Orford, at Strawberry Hill, Middlefcx — — Ilot'pital of St. Crofs, near \Wncliefler, two buflos, a flatue, and eighteen hgures. See. from thence —• Hyde Abhev, Wincheller, Buflos, Kc. from thence — — L. LO^^ F.R part of a brafs monumental plate now remaining in the church of Sc. Margaret, at King’s Lynn, Norfolk Lynn cup, given to that corporation by King John — — M. MARRIAGE of Henry VI wlthVIar- garctot Anjou,froma fac-limileofa painting on glaL, in the poirelfion of Mr. Fletcher, Oxford — O. OAK chcll in the treafury of York Ca¬ thedral — _ P. PAINTING of ArthurPrinceofWales, fonof Henry \ II, in the north win¬ dow of JcfusChapcl, on the north lide of the priory church of Great Mai.- vern, W'orceRerlhire — — ■ oFSirReginald Bray, privycoun- cellor CO Henry VII, in the foregoing window — _ 35 --from die Louterel Pf.iltcr, [hzc of the original] in the pon’clTion of Thomas Weld, I'hq. of LiiKvorih Caflle, Dorleclhirc — ■ — on glafs in a window of the an¬ ti-library of A11 Soul’s College, Oxford — in the full window on the north fide of the choir ot the abbey duircli, acTewkelbury — — -continued .and conch.dt d •— Penanceof Henry II l.cforethelhrincof Thomas Becket at Canterbury, from a paintingonghais [half the fi/.e of the original] in the polIefTion ot Mr. Fletcher, Oxford — — Porch ofSr. Maigarec’sChurch, York. Priory church of Great Malvern, Wor- ceilerlhire, a flatue and bairo-relicvos from thence — — S. SCULPTURES on the infide of an an¬ cient chapel, near the Angel Inn, Grantham — — Seals in t he poflelTion of Craven Ord, Efij. Statues on the north and fouth fides of the gateway, near the weft end of Briftol Cathedral — •—• -and a ballb-relicvo on the high altar of Chrift Church, Hamplhirc ■ —in the lower tier of tlie fereen at the well front of Exeter Cathedral -continued — — .- ■ continued — — •-concluded — — ——and ballb-relievosfromNoi'wich ——on the top of the monumental chapel of the Holy I'rinicy, on the foutli fide of the ctioir of the abbey church at Tewkefbury — — — on the fouth fide of the tomb of I'idwardlll, in ^Vcflininller Abbey —and a ballb-relievo on the fouth fide of the chantrv over die monumen¬ tal chapel of Henry in Wellmin- fter Abbey — — ——continued — — -continued [on the north fide] — -•concluded, and ftacucs at the caft end of the chantry — — -in the Icrecn cnteiing into the choir of York Cathedral — — —continued — — -continued — — ——continued — — — ——concluded — — St. Stephen’s Chape! andcloifters, Wetl- minller, ballb-relievos in the centre of the groins, from eatli jilacc — T. TILES formingthepavement beforethc high alcarof Gloccllcr Cathedral — Title-page — — V. MEW of aSaxon door-way on the ouc- fide of the foutli fide ofihenaveof Eily Cathedral — — \ lews, &c. of an ancient ch.apel, near the Angel Inn, Grantham, Lincolnlltire \ lews of the Ironc and back of an ivory powder flalk which belonged to Hen¬ ry Mil, now in polfeirionotA I r. Raw Ic W. WEST view of the font in F.afl ]')crc- ham church, Norfolk — Y. YORKSHIRE, Iculpcurcs from tvarious parts ot do. — — 59 .q-f 65 67 6 7 34 3^ 39 50 54 bo 63 ^7 6 * A Blank is left for the Number of the Plate for the Subferiber to fill up asreeablc with lii» Arrangement ol'tiv ( I ) Tiie ft-conJ Edition of the f-ifl of ?ubfcllbers is obliged ftill to be deferred. An emblematic Fronlirpiece to Vol. Hi will be given in a fucceeding Number, with its Defcription, and likewife an Account of the ornamental Title Page in this Number, with a Dedication, &:c. ^Xbe LYNN CUP, ghen to that Corporation hy King JOHN. Drawn at large \yZ 6 , from the Original, ‘the Drawing now in the Pofjjion of RICHARD BULL, Bfq. In Mackarel'^ Hiftory of King’s Lynn^ page 184, are thefe words relating to this Cup. “ He (King^f?^?/) gave to this corporation a rich Cup and Cover, weighing 73 ounces, which “ is preferved to this day: and upon all public occafions and entertainments, ufed with fome “ uncommon ceremonies at drinking the liealth of the King or Queen ; and whoever goes to “ vilit the mayor, muft drink out of this Cup, which contains a full pint.” This Cup is in the higheft preferv.atioit; on the bottom of the foot are engraved memoran¬ dums of its having been repaired four times, in the mayoralties of M. Green, 1692. John Gosdwyn, 1750. dean. Brown, 1770. Edward Everard, 1782. The Cup is richly gilded, except the figures and the light Iprig ornament round them, which are filver ; part of their drelibs and the ground to them, are in colours enamelled. The feveral figures will be given in the next number. the ENTRANCE from the Eaf Cloifer into the South Aik of the Choir of NORWICH Cathedral. Drawn 1786. The Statues witiiin tlie canopies on the mouldings of the arch, are the only inftance of the kind the Editor has feen. The Statue in the center is Our Saviour pointing to the wound in his fide; on his hands and feet are the holes which were made by the nails on the crofs; on each fide of him Rands an angel, one holds a crofs, the other’s attribute is loR, but moft likely it was an Incenfe pot. The two fitting Statues below reprefeiit a King and aBifliop; the Bifliop holds in his hand the model of a church, and may have been deligned for Ralph de Walpole, who began to build tlie cloiRers 1297, or John Sahnon, his fuccelfor who finilhed them. The Statue of the King was probably tlie reigning monarch Edward I. The Statue with the tablet is Mofes, and the other Statue with the hairy garment, St. John the BaptiR, four of thefe Statues have proRrate figures under their feet. WEST VIEW of the FONT in EAST DEREHAM Church, Norfolk; with the Eight Bajs Relievos round it, (which are drawn to one Fourth of the original Size). Deferihed by JOHN FENN, Ejq. F. S. A. Drawn 1786. The Font Rands at the weR end of the church immediately fronting the weR door, and is built entirely of Rone, it is of an oilangular form, and round the baion arc carved in eight feparate compartments, the Crucifixion, and the feven Sacraments of the Roniilh Church ; in the following order, i. The Crucifixion, 2. Baptifm, 3. Confirmation, 4. Penance, 5. The EuchariR, 6. Ordination, 7. Marriage, 8. Extreme Undlion. Below thefe are eight angels, each furroundetl by a glory, and on the Rem below them in feparate niches, are eight of the apoRles at full length, and at the eight angles beneath thofe are the other four apoRles fitting, having on the alternate angle between each the fymbol of one of the Evangelifis. The afeent up to the font is by a double oRagon Rep, the upper one being carved with rofc quaterfoils, a pcdcRal is placed on the lower Rep, breaking through the othei', (and fronting the bafib-relievo of the Crucifixion) for the prieR to Rand on during the facrament of Baptilm. In the year 1623 a wooden gallery was ereRed round this Font when it continued till 1769, the floor of which was level with the heads of the fitting apoRles, which on remo¬ ving it were found to be cut off, to make a lodgment for the joiRs, lb little tafie was there at that time for the curious works of former ages, however had they then efcaped, the frantic rage of the fanatics would have defaced them a few years afterwards, when the remaining figures were much battered and hurt; in otherrefpeRs the Font remains now almoR quite perteR. The whole was originally painted with a variety of colours, in Imitation of various marbles, but it- is now entiiely of a Rone colour. It ( 2 ) It was creaed 111/468 FJ-^.,rJ IV. and the following particulars of the e,vpencc of build- itg It, arc C-jMcii from the original Church account: v^oits or tJie newe f-ante. /. Ill]) mis jinyj to t!ie M.iibn qiun he teke the feyed funtc in arnell: ‘ It m pa> d for niakyng of an obliga'eon in the which he was bound for the leyd week it m fiayd for lying of the freftone v went to y faid funt to Lynne ^ - ' It m jnyvd for cranyn? of V fevd ffoi - - _ ■ It'ni peyd for carving‘.i.i lods (if the feyd frefton fro Lynne to Fall Derham’ 1 price j lod carr\ing I) J-. \\({. _ _ ’ i • Ifm 'ric-d r'" “ f'™’' T Norwiche Shn. . u ^ • a n carying of the leyd lyme and tyle It m }'e_sd to Ri. WfR.iave for iron work to the feyd funtc ‘ cxpcncc upon help quan the funt was in the revfyne It m pavd to tlie rMalon for workmanihip of the feyd fuiite^ _ v ‘ It m to his reward - _ _ - a ■ It m pavd to Will. Plotncr for ledyng of the new'funtc ' - ' iVihelme' " I'cveryng-) It'm payd for niakjng of aquctu s between our Mafon and us - Sm tot. - xii s d. Jiij xxij viij tlic artilO whole name’is not handed do'wuYo'uS The hcrglit of the i'ont from the ground to tlic top of the bafcn ts feven feet, aiiii OD us Iteps, ■ .md to be ulee for paving round the Font [ 3 ] ^he Vigurcs on the LYNN CUP, ’which ’was given to that Corporation by King JOHN. Drawn as large again as the Originals, 7 he Drawing in the PoJfcJJion of RICHARD BULL, Efq. Mr. JValpole, In Chap. II. of his Anecdotes of Painting,” Vol. I. p. 24, 410. from the reign of Henry Ilf. to the end of Henry VI. fpeaking of the rich plate of that early period, has this note—“ * Bsiliop Wickham's, crofier J at Oxford is an inftaiice how well the pomp of prelacy was ferved with ingenious artills. It is certain that in the reign of the two firfl .Edward's there were Greek enamellers in England, who both praflifcd and taught the art. In Dugdale's “ Warwick/loire," p. 307, 403, are mentioned enamelled cups very near that jieriod ; and iome ancient pieces are lUlI extant. The beautiful Cup of gold enamelled with figures in the habits of the times given by King John to the corporation of Lynn, Norjolk, and llill preferved there, gives a very favourable idea of the tafle and artifms of that age, a little antecedent to that I am fpeakiug of.” The figures round the lid ot the Cup are a hunting party; the firft a lady bearing a hawk, the fecond a lady with a dog, the third a gentleman carrying a hare, with a dog, the fourth a gentleman with a dog on each fide, the fifth is a lady with a bow and arrow; fhe has with, her a dog. In the view of the Cup, No. 16, it is to be feen that each figure is feperated from the other by an ornamented divifion. The figure on the bottom of the infide of the Cup is in the bacchante ftyle, holding in one hand a drinking horn, and on the other a hawk : this idea is well conceived, as combining the joys of the feftive cup with the pleafures of the enlivening chace. I'he figures round the body of the Cup are exprefiive of no particular adtion, they merely reprcfent the various drefics woin by the ladies and gentlemen in King John's reign. The hawk on the liand of one of the gentlemen is a badge of ancient nobility. The figures on the foot of the Cup come under the fa ne defcription as the foregoing. i See the plate of the Crofier in Vol. I. of this Work. STATUES on the South Hide of the Lomb of III. /« WE STMINSTER Drawn 1782. Thefe Statues are in enft brafs, and are one foot fix inches In height; they reprefent fix of the children of III. There were originally (ix more on the other fide. Some of the coats of arms under their feet are lliil remaining, and perfedt in all their enamelled colours. The firll: Statue is Edward the Black Pnnet; he is not in a warlike drelsj round his head a twifted fillet. The fecond Statue is Joan of the Lower; flie was betrothed to the King of Spain-, her liair is brought forward in large twilled plaits on each fide of her face, and by the profile it appears that no more was feen, it being covered by a Imall cap fitting the head ; this however was the common falliion of thofe day.s. The third Statue is Lionel Duke of Clarence. The fourth is Edmund Duke of 7 'ork. The fifth is ^'ary Dutchefs of Bretagne ; her hair is interwoven with fillets and beads, and in the profile drapery is placed at the back of her head. The fixth Statue is William of Hatfield. VIEWS of the FRONT asid BACK of an Ivory POWDER FLASK, which belonged to HENRY VIII. Now in the PoJfeJJion of Mr. RAWLE. “ This Powder Flaflc is of ivory, mounted in double giltbrafs; tlie carvings reprcfent the Honing of St. Stephen, and the other religious fubjedfs, which though they feem to have no kind of relation to thefe utenfils, are very frequently found on them. It is faid this Flalk. belonged to King Henry VIII. and that on his return from the fiege and capture of BuUogne, in France, he gave it with his dagger and the ftrong wicket gate of that town, (brought over as a token of his conqueft) to- Hardre’s, of Hardre's Court, Kent. It afterwards belonged to the Rev. Mr. William Go/llng, of Canterbury, and at the fale of his curiofities was purchafed by Mr. Rawle, the prefent proprietor. Near the bottom, in gold, is the date J511.” This information the Editor received from Francis Grofe, Efq, F. S. A. through whofe jntereft he was permitted to draw and engrave this Powder Flaflc. The double gilt brafs work extends from the dotted line upwards, to the ring at the top of both the front and back; the reft being ivory, excepting the date and ornament within the finall circle, which is gold inlaid on a black ground. Tho The upper ovjI compartment contains God the Father in the clouds fupported hv two An;?cL~. Confihs of only one compartment, In which is aperfon armed after tlie Roman faHiion, on. Iiorfeback; he is hunting a hare, and is followed by a hound. This reprefentation is engraved on tlie ivory, and not carved in relief, like the rell. The other figures, heads, bcafts, lions heads, fruit and ornaments, feen In both the views, are the decorative talle of the date 1511, which about that time was introduced into England from ha!y, with its architecture, and made their way into every edifice religious and civil, and with the Refoimation entirely banllhed the Gothic ^y\c. Rut now, in this age. Antiquaries have the extreme plcafure to fee that flylc, Pheenix like, rifing from its long forgotun and fmotheied alhes, and perhaps may blaze once more in to all its original Iplendor and magnifi¬ cence!* * A few iiiAances have already appeared; in the feat of the Ijort. Hor. IFalpolc, at Strawberry Hill, the feat of 7h:mai Barrel, Lfq. at iff, near CanUtbury, and the altar pieces at Ely Cathedral andij'ti^’s College Chapel, Cambridge, T liefe two iall works arc by the late Mr. Ejfex, Architedl, and are faithful models of the ancient Gothic manner. t 5 ] The De/criptiofis of three Platen in this Number are commun'seated ^vFllAKCIS DOUCE Efq. F. S. A. Part of the Seats of the CHOIR, and two BASSO RELIEVOS ^ the Cie/ing of do. of ELY Cathedral, f Drawn to oneThird of the Size of the Originals, 1787.) I. Two warriors completely armed. The one has his vizor down with a battle axe and fhicldj the other an open helmet, his arms a Ipcar and I'woid. II . Reprefents two Monks or Friars hunting. They are botlt furniflied with bows and arrows, and one of them has juft difeharged an arrow at a deer, who, upon being mor¬ tally wounded, takes lefuge in a kind of cell or hermitage, wliere another Friar isfeen pro- tedling the animal, and from the beads in his left hand the fculptor jierhaps intended to ridicule the ceremony of confrjjion. To the lovers of archery it may be no unwelcome ob- lervation that the arrows are here placed at the fide, fufpended in a girdle, precifely in the lame way as they aie reprclented in the troiitifpiece to Markham's Arcberie, printed in 1634, and as the) continue to be carried by modern archers, except that the pouch is wanting that is now ufed to hinder ll^e arrows from falling. III. Contains three different fubjea-s. iFe firft, within a border or circle, exhibits a figure feated Upon a throne, his light-hand elevated, and fupported by two angels. The Iccond is a Monk on horleback, who is aiming a blow witii a fword at a moft vmcommonly grotefque figure, perhaps the devil, with all head and no body. Such a figure had been worthy of Callot himfelf, who In his fmall temptation of Saint'Antony has given one which it in no_ fmall degree rcfembles. The third feems to be a Monk, who is naked with his hands tied behind him, in the zO: of doing fome penance that has been enjoined him by his Abbot, who alfo accompanies him. The feene lies in a wood, and the poor Monk is pur- fued by fome animal like a maftifi' dog. Tlie nature of this penance, if fuch it be, it is not eafy to appropriate. i\'. Isa huntfman with his bugle liorn and acouple of hounds. lie carries a how upon his right ff.oulder, and his arrows are fufpended in the manner deferibed in No. II. V. A countryman with his flail. VI. A ininftrel or fidler, ^ he infti ument which he plavs on refembles, and moft pro¬ bably is, the ancient cruth or crowd. VIL Two fellows tumbling, or playing at a game or fport familiar enough to fchool- boys, but which will not admit ot being named here. It has more tlian once been re¬ marked how little cliange puerile fports have undergone. Many ftill pradtifed are to be traced in grotefques of this kind, and particularly in printed and other miftals. VIII. 1 wo females at their devotions are very lovingly interiupted bv the devil. They do not feem to be much frightened, nor do their countenances exhibit any tokens of dif- pleafure. IX. A Friar and a Nun in a fituation concerning which, for the fake of decorum, the lefs that is faid the better. Qne cannot however help noticing the very ftrong character marked upon the Friar’s countenance. X. Seems to reprefent the Devil in the aft of drawing a Friar’s teeth, the countenance of the latter is truly woful. XI. Hei'e are two fubjefts, viz. a fidler and a piper, and two combatants with fword and buckler. Here again is feen, as in No. VI. the ancient crowd. XII. The ftory of Herodias and John the Baptijl in three compartments. In the firft the Daughter of Herodias is dancing before Herod, Philip, and Herodias his wife. In the fecond llie is receiving John's head in a chargerj and in the third fhe is prefenting the head to her mother. The attitude of the girl in the firft compartment is rather that of a tum¬ bler than of a dancer, an error which will immediately be forgiven when we confider the great attachment to this amufement amongft our anceftors. Figures of tumblers are not uncommon in ancient fculpture, and now and then occur in illuminated miffals. The fol¬ lowing articles upon this fubjeil, which are extrafted from a very curious maiuifcript, of the houftiold and other expences of King Henry the Vlltii, with almoft every jjage figned by himfelf, and ftill remaining in the Exchequer Office at IVeJhninJier, are too curious to be omitted in tins place. Item to one that tumbeled at Eltham - 20/. Item to a Itraunge tumbler in rewarde ' - 30 J. Item to the tabouretts and a tumbuler - 20s. Item to a tumbuler at my Lord Bathes - 20X. Item to a Spanyard that tumbled - - 40X. Item to the tumbuler upon the rope in rewarde 4r, 4^. XIII. Reprefents a man or human monfter playing on the tabor and pipe, and a female monftcr playing on a dulcimer. To the mufical antiquary thefe inftruments muft he ex¬ tremely curious; he may improve this hint in the courl'e of his refearches, and by a little perfeverance difeover fomething of the kind in almoft every ancient monadic or religious edifice. The Choir and Stalls of this Cathedral were erefted by Alan Dg Walfingham, Prior of Ely, and finiftied in 132S. It has been commonly fuppofed that ihe anlmofities which fuhfiiled between the regular and fecular clergy, gave occafion to thefe reciprocal inftanccs of their holding up each other to public derifion. Not only facred buildings were diigraced by thcle fatyrical ornaments, but even their very fervice books were not exempt from them, and are frequently ftillied with the moft abominable indecencies. Sufely the morality of former times may well fuffer by a comparifon with that of the prefent 1 Is it not however more likely that the fubjefts in queftion were appropriated to the Friars, a let of men who feem to have been univerfally hated and defpifed by the clei gy ? Perhaps both opinions may hold. The STATl’ESi Tlie two i.til funjcv'^s are B.ilTo Relievos on the roof of tlie choir of this cathedral j the lat¬ ter i'cprclcnt,’ St. htbadredj, ioundrefs of the chui'ch and firih Abhefs of the monaftery of Sl'ATUES,j../I 3 ASSO RELIEVOS, NO RWIC IT. 17S6. The account cf which is obh^^ed to be polbponed to the next number. oedS'jrt: and South Sides of the Gate-usay^ near the Wefl End of BRISTOL Cathedral, dJrawn 1784. Near the Cathedral there fhands a very elegant Gate, the lower part of Norman, the upper ( t archicectuie. Over the lower part, on the north fide, is the following infenn- tlOll —“ KE.V lUKKICVS H. ET DOMINVS HOBERTVS FIL HAKDJNGI F 1 I. REGIS DiflAE iivivs MONASTFRII FRiMi fvndatores ertI fIrfnt.” In Ensilifli—'* Kin-. /A-iirv rlin ly nnd I.oi-dyoyrF &n of ii,n of the King of Dimiwrt. ivere the firlf fouLers ot this MonaRery. This Robert Fitzbardnig, as we learn from Camden^ and otheis was a man of great confequence at Brilhl, {Taivicr cites a manulcript to fnew that he was Mayor of and his fon by favour of King Henr)' married the daughter of the Lord J)e Barkley, from whence Ins poilcnty, who have flouridted in great ihat? are to this dav itiled Barons of Barkhy, feme of whom were buried in this cluiich. * ^ ■ ^ ^'^‘io'y of St. ylugufine, which was founded by the above men. tioiiC'i Robof titzharanii. DugdaleX has given us the following curious vciRs which perjx-tuatc this event, but oinits to fay where lie met with them. A Biirgeys of Byt/iovt, tho Robert llardyng, J'orgiete Tielour and Kiclielfe lo well was with the Kin"^, 1 hat lie y.'.rt him and his Heires the noble Earonv ^ J hat lo ncli is of Berkiy witli all the Seignorie And thulk Robert llardyng a rered Ibth I wvs /\n Abbey of Brillow of St. /luflyn that is.” liolcrt VttzbarJmg lies buned in the Cathedral, and a modern infcription upon his mo- iniment, udiich has been repaired, mentions that he laid the foundation of this Church and Mon.i kry of St. Augulhne va the year 1140, the 5th of King St.phm, dedicated and endow ed it m 1148, and died in 1170, the 17th of King Wnry the Ild. This Priory was, in the reign i.f Henry the lid. changed into an Abbey. Upon its dif- Iblution, in the reign rf yng Henry the Vlllth. it became a Cathedral, by the name of tho Cathedral church ot the f/o/y 'rrm/fy. § nam.. or tno Statue P is probably King Stephen. II. Robert Fttzlor.rding. III. and IV. unknown \. KmgHrary II. with the royal arms beneath. VI. Robert Fitaiardinr again Pie is here rrprelented in apparently his Mayo.’s habit, and holds m one hand a model of tlw church, and in the other its Charter of Foundation; his arms are alfo beneath. VH and \ III. are the Matties of two Mitred Abbots, and one may reafonahly conjefture that they repu ent the fuccdeilmg Abbots, who repaired and altered the upper part of the Gate^ whiy as 11 has been already obfereed, is more modern than the lower. The arms iind-r tlie lal- <,tatue are laid to be thofe of Abbot New/and, who died 1515. t NotitiJ Moiiail. 3. £^178;. ; Moiufticon 2. 233. § Janucr uM fiipr; I anous 1 ILES, forming the Pavement before the High Altar of GLOCESTER Calh'dral Pfravsn \ 784. This beautiful Pavement* was given by Abbot who was elcfted in i.-n Re began the fmc tower n,ye middle of the Church, but died before it was finilhctkle'avinv the care of it to Robert Tu ly a .Monk of this Abbey, as appears from the following inferip- tion Ibll lemaining at the bottom of the choir over the arcli of the tower. ^ Hoc qood digcftvm fpecularis opufque pnlitum Ptillii kite ex Onei'c Sebroke Abbate jubente. This fabrick which you fee exa^: and neat The Abbot charg'd the Monk to make comploar.f His 1 eautifu monument ,s in a chapel at the foulh weft end of the choir with his ifatue at ength m alaballcr. IIis name and arms appear on this Pavement, the latter encirclud with the niicnpuon “ do.mirvs Thomas seerok abeas," likewife his motto— fiat yOLvNyy Ni,’’ 'Hiich is laid to have been interpreted—” If this Abbevmuft be diffulved 'nteip.etaLn4 ° " T he other ciaits of arms upon this Pavement are thofe of England, Edtardthe ConhebTor the See of Ghceder , and probably thofe of fome of the Benefactors to this Cathe,lr.d. The remaining inlcnptims arc patkiges of Scripture, to the beflof the writer’s recoll-dio'n' wlio mrt mmbm. “ f This Pavement narrowly efcaped dcltruftion a few years ago, by the offer of Ibme fo ilbh jeaed “ rcT'bce It with marble, which, to the credit of’thofe concerned, was re- past-30, \ ol. I. of ihis Work, y Gllf. Camd. Brlu 274. Ed, 17:2. f E-yUr Cb. IliH, b. 0 , p. 33,;, [ 7 ] the Editor frcrume: to hope for the indulgence of the Subfiribert to eucufe tb- len-th of tin,, betooeen the put,cat,on of Number and the prefen, Number, J>?r^i7lZc7eTr^ Word, and tak,ng cther^jeL X/eXNuZf XrZr TnT^ ‘'‘Xngthe Plates ,n the ? f- ti ■ / p^opo/es to publtj}} two more by Midfummer next The Suhfcriben STATUES WBASSO-RELIEVOS, /-rom NORWrCrr ■ »- .8,; Dejcribed 3, F R ITc IS D O UCE,’ i/" R rA/''”” A STATUE and BASSO-RELIEVO, on the IFeJl Front f the Upper Chfe or Monajlery Gate. formerly a chapel dedicated to St. Ethel- W of’hia ■>=■■= reprefented. Me was triacherouflr (lain at the in- ttance of his mothcr-in-law Suendreda the wife of Ofa. Hiftoriaus diffiras to the mali- fenVfcum ^ wV T"" ‘"“7 I’Crliajis be reconciled by the pre- lent ngure, which points to a wound in the breaft ^ ^ .''“’■.'"‘"S "’<= Baffo-Relievo exhibit a man fighting with a mondcr are f atccly worth mentioning, but for the fmall round Ihield el,at appears to i.avTb en illd about the time of Edward I. in whofe reign this gate was built. A STATUE on the Weft Front of the Gateway entering into the Bijhop's Palace. . TJj‘® was built about the year 1300, by Bhhop Salmon. Tile Statue here given IS either that of Edward I. or of fome faint to whom it was dedicated. ^ Three of the princpal STATUES on the Wefl Front f the ERPINGHA.M Gate otpo- ftte the mjl End of the Catbearal. ’ “ This gate was built by the famous Sir Thomas Erpingha.n, a Knight of the Garter, who R'^fton”of^M P flthard II. Henry IV. and Henry V.* He was perfecuted by the Biftop of AerWo for his attachment to IVickli/ie, and bv him enjoined to build this gate by way of pepance. The word pena is msnv times carved upon it, and in a niche « his own Statue m armour 011 his knees, in the aft of begging pardon for his offence: however. King hfiry IV. knowing his abilities, and how much he was effeemed by the populace, not only fet him at liberty, but on the pth a{ February, laoo, the Bilhop of Horwuio coming to Parliament, the King caufed him to he feated in his accuffomed piLe, and then he King Ipokc to ton Thomas de Brpmgham, his Vice Chamberlain, then being ptween the Duke of Tork and the Earl of Worwiek, who fat therein their places, and fald that he took the acciilations of thefaid T/jwmj again ft the Bilhop to be good, and to proceed from great zpi born unto him] but yet, confidering the order of the Bilhop, and that-he was of the Kings lineage, and being ali'urcd of his better behaviour, he fiankly paidoned him_ all mHpnfions done agauift his perfonj for which all the Bilhops gavethe King thajiks in open Parliament, and delired liim to make the Bilhop and Sir ThoirX lhakt- hands and kifs each other, m token of friendlhip, which they did, and it afterwai ds proved real, Sir Thomas becoming a great benefador to the cathedral, and a firm friend td the Bi¬ lhop as long as he lived.f On the lummit formerly flood a crofs of ftone, and the emblems of the Four Evanne- Iifts are placed 011 pedeftals, two on each fide; two only of the emblems are now remam- 1, Z in Ins hand, teaching a youth Handing by him; and oppofite, on tlie fouthcri, pillar, is a Monk with a book in bis hand alfo tiirveying thofe tliat pafs by, defigned perhaps to fignify that the fecular clergy not onl) laboured thcmfelves in the Word, but diligently taught the growing V'^uli to the benefit of the world, when the idle Regularwhoby his book aifo pretends tS learn- mg did neither mllriid any nor improve himlelf, by which Sir Thomas Erpingham covertly lalhed thole that obliged him to the penance, and praifed thofc who had given him in- itrudlion lu the way ol truth, [j On one fide of the niche are the arms of the See, and on the other thofe of the church, ight over the aich is a ihield of the five wounds of Cbriji, reprefented by a heart be¬ tween two hands cooped in chief, and two feet cooped in bale, our BlXd Lord being wounded on the crols with the nails that went through his hands and feet, and with tha Ipear that pierced his heart. On the north fide of this are three fiaields; the largeft has on it a triangle to reprefent the the loweft has our Saviour on the crofs, and the uppermoft three chalices and wafers to J'eprelwt the blelled Sacrament; oppofite alfo, are three fiiields, the largeft has the arms ot Sir impaling thole of Joan Chpton his lecond wife; the iippeimoll has the arms of his firfi: wife, and the Joweft thofe of Clopton tingle. The pillars and arch are adorned with manv well carved images, with the word pena under them I they are the effigies or divers Saints, Martyrs, Kings and Confdlbrs; thofe on the north lide being mofl, if not all, men, and thofe on the louth fide mclf, if nor all, wo- merij by which we may learn that his lall wife was concerned in this iienancc, a.s being a Lollard, oi follower or JVicktiJl, as well as himfelf; tlie arms of tlie ErpinX‘^i>i^t IP'uT * See an account of him in BUmeficld% Hiflory of Karfolk paffim. f Pari/Bi'sHiftoiy of Kt>i‘Udkh, p. 197. Bhmefidd, x, 372. .f Vide the Plate. \\ Shmrjidd, 2,526. tens. L 8 ] tons, ClopLons, fee. are feattered al! over the building.* Engrav ings of the gate itlelr' may be I'een in Sir 7 / 6 cwi/i poliluimous works, 1712, Svo. and in the Jlillory of the City of Norn-icb, 176S, Svo. 2 Vols. but they give a very faint idea of its great beauty and elegance. STATUES on the U’ejl End of the Cathedral. TIv-* well: end of the Cathedral was rebuilt by Bilhop Alnwyck, who is here reprefented as receiving the inllrumcnt of his confirmation from King Henry VI. One of the Statues being loll, it is difficult to explain the other upon tlie right hand, unlefs it was a repetition, of the fame ceremony. BASSO-RELIEVO in the Fejlry of St. PETER’s MAN'CROFT. Dra%vn to one Tfhird Ifs than the Origmal. Tills is an ancient Tablet or Altar-piece of alabafler, formerly painted, reprefenting nine female faii.ts, which Mr. Blotncfidd -j- thinks might have belonged to a chapel of St. Margaret, from her figure being, as he terms it, the principal image; but there Teems to be no rtalbn for this opinion, or tliat the figure of St. Margaret is intended to be more conlj'icuous than the others. The names of the faints arc as follow, beginning with the figure on the right-hand at top. No. I. St. Mary Magdalen holding a box of ointment and a palm branch, and nor, according to Bhmeficfdy St. Barbara with the tower. No. 11 . unknown. No. Ill. St. Uildegard, with a palloial Half and a book. No. IV. and V. unknown. No. 'VI. perhaps St. Jufline. No. VII. St. Urjula with a book and arrow. No. \’ 1 II. St. Margaret witli the dragon and crofs. No IX. St. Helena, the mother of Conjiantine the Great, with the crol's. Theie Tablets are frequently fecn over Altars, and it is not uncommon to find them covered (.ver with coats of plaillcr, poiubiy with a view lo preferve them from the ravages of f.inaticilm. * L'.mcf.dd, 2, 517. -f- Ib. 2, 636. PAINTING oF ARTHUR PRINCE^/ WALES, HENRY VII. in the North Jl'indo-w of JESUS Chapel, on the North Side of the Priory Church of G R EAT iVlAL- \'ERN, WORCESTERSHIRE. (Height of the Original three Feet by two Feet.J Drawn 17S8. Dfcribed by NiU.leWl BRAY, Kfq. F. S. A. The tradl of hills generally known by the name of Mahern hills, about 10 miles from ll'orceller, feparatc ll'orcejlerjhire from Hertfordjbire. They are very fleep and lofty, and afford a mofi extenfive and beautiful pivdpecl; on one fide lies the fertile vale of Evejham, on the Ollier is Herefordjhire, bey.md which rife the Welch mountains. On the eatfern fide of tliefe liills, overlooking the vale of Evefoam, Rood the Priory of Great Malvern. It was originally a hermitage founded* in the reign of Edward the Confeffor, by JJrfo D'Ahytot, by wiiofc conlenr the Abbot of IVeftminjier, in the nth of William \. fixed there a Prior and twentv-fix Monks, bclules whom thirty poor men were to be main¬ tained.-f- At t!ie cliflolution it was granted to UilUam Peacock, who aliened to '(jobn Knoteijord, vvhofe daughter Ann carried it in maniage to IViliiam Savage of tlie ancient family of Savage, of Rock -St/t’agein Chefhire, in which family it continued when Phemas jiubliflied his account of Malvern in 1725. The Priory church was purchafed by the in- liabitants of the town, from Knotesford, loon after the dilfolution, and is now uled as the paiifii church. It is alarge and beautiful building, 171 feet long, 63 feet broad, and the height of the nave is alfo63 feet. There were two chapels which are delfroyed, one de¬ dicated to the Firgin on the ealf, and another on the fouth. Except theie, and the ha- vock which lias been made in the painted windows, it remains intire. \ Much of that has been deftroyed and damaged, but enough is yet fecn to Ihew how magnificent it muft have been when perfect. The hand of an ingenious artill, encouraged by tlie patronage of the country, might Hill relbore a great deal, by bringing together the fcattered pieces xvhleh have been disjoined by the ignorance of fome gL^ier on repairing the win¬ dows. The windows were full of Scripture hiftoiles, of the effigies of the benefadtors to the Priorv, with their arms painted on their furcoats: of thefe a large delbiiption was written bv Mr. Hullngton in the time of Charles I. His account is printed in Latin by Thomas, and in Engiifi ty Dr. Naf. || in a window in the chapel which was dedicated to Chrifl, on the north fide of the church, were twelve panneL, fix above and fix below. In the upper were reprefented. In a circle, the Father, Son, and Holy Gbojl, placing a crown on the head of the Firgin, choirs of Angels and Saints prailing God on various inibruments. In one was reprefented received up into Heaven; in another fighting with the Devil: in another Our Saviour takes the hand of Adam, who is praying with Eve in the midlb of the infer¬ nal I’piiits, and leads him out. The relb were broken and confufed. This was the fate of the fix lower paniiels, which net many vears before Thomas wrote were blown out of ' l>r,rr,i\i% Hiflorv of Great Malvern, p. 3. -I- Ib. [i. 9a. 1 The hilitor mull remJrk that while lie wai taking (ketches of the anthjuities there tins finmner, he w.u wlt- tiels to tlic windows being made a mark for the neighbouring fchool boys lo cluow lloiu'a j 1 . |i Iliftory of IVoncJlerJlite, Vol. II. p. uy. thrir [ 9 1 their pkces by a high wind, much broken, and when the window was repaired no care was taken to replace the panes properly. There were painted in them Henry Yl\. armed,^ with his crown on his head, and on his outer garment the aims of France Tiud Eng/and quarterly. At his back was his Queen Elizabeth, and on her mantle were the fame arms. After her was Arthur Prince of Wales, w'ith the fame arms, with the addition of a label of three points. To him fucceeded Sir Reginald Bray in profpcrily and advcrfitv always faithful to the King,* bearing ar a chevaron fable, between three eagles legs of the lame, a Id cuife, gules. Next to him \v^%John Savagj, Efq. hium^palum fuJiUatiim ni¬ grum in parma argentea-, and laftly, Fhomas Lovell, Efq. one of the privy council to this king, bearing ar a chevaron between three \_fciuros miniatos.^ Thefe were all on their knees, and with uplifted hands praying to God. Under them was writicn—Orn.v bono fiatu nobiUffimi et excellentiftmi regis lienrici feptimi et Elizabetha: regime ac dovthni Arthuri principis Jilii eorundem, nec non predileSfiJjime confortis fue et Juorum trium mt~ thefe figures, the Prince and Sir Reginald Bray ftill remain perfeff. They were co¬ pied a few years ago by a Painter of Worcefter, and from that copy Mr. Strutt made an engraving, which is Plate 6o in his “ Manners, Cuftoms,” See. The figure of the Prince is there, by miftuke, faid to be that of the King. _ _ _ ^ I obferve, however, from my notes taken on vifiting this church in tnat the Painter has not been quite accurate, as my Memorandum takes notice that the rowels of the Prince’s fpurs differ from thofe of Sir Reginald, the latter having a few long points, the former many fhorter ones, as here reprefented. The lower part of the Queen s por¬ trait then remained, but had been reverfed by the glazier; her Ihoes were red, the toes pointed In a pane above this, was a woman’s head, not improbably that of the Queen. ^ The Prince (in the prefent Plate) is reprefented in complcat white armour, except his head- over his armour is a furcoat, on the right fiioulder of which are the arms of France and quarterly, and the fame is reprefented on the breaft. The ground of his coat is embroidered. Round his neck is a label of three points, (but owing to the three-quarter view of the figure, only two • of the points are leen,) above it appears his coat of mail. His hair is long, hanging down in ringlets, and on his head is a coronet He has a long fword on his fide, the fcabbard much ornamented, his ipurs arc very long the rowels full of fnort points. He is under a canopy, kneeling on two cufiiions tafi'elled, his hands lifted up in the attitude of prayer. On a table before him, which is covered with tapeftry, lies an open bock on a cufhion, fringed and taftellecl. and on the book lies a feeptre. The cufhions are placed on a ground compofed of Imall fnuares each of which is chequered black and yellow. The top canopy is fringed, and from it* depend two curtains drawn back and folded up. The top of this, the licles and the back, the curtains and the cufhions on which the Piiiice kneels, are richly embioi- dered. On the right fide of the canopy are three Angels, one above another, on the left two only are fecn, the third being hid by the table. On the top are two more._ They are all playing on mufical inftruments; the lowermoft on the right on a bagpipe, the next and the correfponding one on fack-buts, the two uppermoft on lutes, which ieem to be played by a fmall Rick appearing in their hands. The two on the top have harps. There is a gloiy round each of their heads.—It is intended to give the 1 late of Sii Hegi^ nald Bray in No. 21. * Sec a larger account of him in the new edition of 5 ' n. PRIORY CHURCH of GREAT MALVERN, WORCESTERSHIRE. The defeription of the tomb, the bird's-eye view of its Statue, and the Baffo-RclieTOS on the under part of the feats in the choir, is deferred to the nc.-tt number. SCULPTURES cn the GLOCESTERSHIRE. Outfide of JOHN’S Church, CIRENCESTER, D'r/cn'ifcrfrfj FRANCIS DOUCE, Efj. F. S. A. Drawn Thefe figures are carved upon the entablature under the parapet of the nave, and run in a eTntinuei line, being oecafionally interfeoTed by angular buttrefles, upon wh.eh fome of ?hem me placed. The nave of this church appears to have been rebuilt when John Haie- bourn was Abbot of Cirencejler, viz. between the years 1504 and 1522 , and the drefles of the figures will be found to^ correfpond with that period. 1 raditlon fays, they reprefeiit ConcTrn\im''lhe^etyn^^^^ word Ak much pains have been takbn, for one can¬ not call it learning; the beft opinion however feems to be that from its ufe in compofition, k means nothing more than a feaft or merry-making, as m the words, ierf-zto, Lamb- Ale Whitlan-Ale, Clerk-Ale, BriJe-Ale, Church-Ale, Scot-Ale, Midjummer-Ale, 6.C. f a( Ln thefe feafts Ale appears to have been the predominant liquor and it .s cxcccdmg y 1 1 Ip that from this circumftance the metonymy arofe. Dr. informs us that t Saxon G™? the DarSaxorv >/, and the'lcelandic 01 , relpertively have the fame meLiiig,! and perhaps Cbrijlmas was called by our northern anceftors Yu.e, or the Feaft, by way of pre-eminence. * Ruddir\ Clocejl. 360. _ t H\Jl. !- ledcd trum Hen y mafque of CKieens at ll'kiteh.i'l, in 1009; where one ot ths I'.ags or witches lavs— I lijul a D.ig Kill’d an Ini wbnC di.i I with tlvat ? to hava his F.it. A Piper it got at a Chureh-AH: I bade him againe blow ind- Wiih refpedf to Jl'hujln-A.'es no account of the manner of their celebration in more ancient times has been hanued down to u.?. At ju'elent they arc conduifled in the follow¬ ing manner: Two perfons are chofen, prevloully to the meeting, to be Lord and Lady of the ylle, who drefs as fuitably as thev can to the characters they afl'ume. A hir •mptv bam, or fomc luch building, is provided fui' the Lord’s hall, and fitted up with leats to accomodate the company. Here they aifcmble to dance and regale in the hell manner then ciicumftances and the place will .afford, and e.ach young fellow treats Iiis girl with a ribband or kivoun The Lord and Lady honour tiie hall with their picfence, attended by the Steward^, Sword-bearer, PuiTe-bearcr, and Mace-bearcr, with their fcveral Badges or Jt.nligns ot office. They have likewife a Page or Train-bearer, and a Fcol or jelter, drell in a pai-ty-culoured jacket, whofe ribaldry and gclliculation contribute not a little to the entertainment of fume j^art of the company. The Lord’s muiic, conlilling generally of a pipe and tabor, is employed to conducl the dance. Some people think, this cullom is a commemoraiion ot tjie ancient Drink-Lean, a day of fellivitv formerly obfervt d by the tenants and valfiils ot the I.ord of the Fee within liis manor, the memory of whicli, on -account of the jollity of thole meetings, tlie people have thus preferved ever lince.^* I he Gloffarics inform us that this D-, ink-Lcan was a contriburiou of tenants towards a potation or Ale provided to cntei'tain the Lord or his Steward. brom the above deferiptions the affinity between Church-Ales and IChitfon-Ales will he catily perceived. Some difficulty arifes as to the appropri.ition of the Figures in queiHon. it IS more probable however that they reprefent a Whilfn Ale, an opinion th.it is fircir'th- ened by the Tradition before mentioned. After what has been laid, the matter is itiil^icfc to the Keader s better iudgnient. It will in general be found tliat ancient telllvals of this kind, and particularly the more common amufcmeiits ot Children, liave been handed down to us trom tlie remoteft times, m the utmoil degree of original purity; for in thefe calbs the influence of flilliion, which among the great may be cunlidercd as the caufeof endlcls variety in their l ui I'uits. can icldom be traced among the vulgar, wlio are contented with the repetition of atnufemems vvhich tiiey know irave always pleafed their anceflors, and ate fufficienciv competetit to their own dehres The prel'ent inllancc however t’eems to be an exception, for many of 1C I erfonages of the modern ;/are here wanting, wdiillf others occur wiiich cannot be explained. pom the lottv lituation of thcle Figures they are hardly to be feen from the ground, and whoever willies to examine them muft afeeiid tiic great tower as far as the^fcclfry vvhich gives admittance to the leads of the nave, ami theii-defrend bv the affiftance of a ladl derupon pe leads of tlie iidc aifles, by which means tlie w hole range- of Figures may be ca- dy mipeeled. Moflot them are peifeft, and might poitiidy have remained fo to this time- pit from the frequent tile of the ladder, ib.ne few have fnftained confiderable damagw t IS tmagnied that there mult have oiiginally been Ibme more convenient IVaricn u!>i fu^ra. Hiltorv of CL ; Cam's Surv< /k p. 24. I C::-:ca/.', fj. Oi^ eJi;, ilC2. : way of getting § Fo. 69. acct.'s [ ] accels to them, as at^ prefcnt nonc but the genuine lovers of Antiqiiltv would incur the danger and tioublc of inlpc6ting them, for the parapet is in fo decayed a rtate that it is not likely to endure much longer. PLATE I. reprefenfs S C U L P T U R E S on the North Side. No. I. Is a monfler, apparently without any particular meaning. II. Is faid to reprelent the Lord of the fealb: he appears to be in his liunting drefs, having a cap witli fe.athers, a bugle horn, and in his left hand an arrow. It is very cer¬ tain that the game was at this time purlued with hounds and bow and arrow. In Ins right hand he edrries a fcroll with an infeription, which has been read 05 ^ No, III. A minllrel in a droll attitude, playing upon the cvmbal or hui'dv-gurd\-. This is an inftrument ot very great antiquity; the French term for wlfich, in their antient poetry and romances, is v’elc, according to moft of their Antiquaries, though hlonfiet.r 1 , Eveque de la Ravalliert* infifts that it is the inftrument called rota-^ in the middle ages on account of its wlieel, which enufed the drone or humming noife. Chaucer^ in his Canterbury Tales, deferibes tlie Frere or Friar, as playing on this inftrument— “ Wei coude he huge and plaien on a rote.” If liowevcr this inflrumcnt be intended by the word ’viele, it mnfl: riot he confounded with the violin, which in the moft antient times was played on with a bow, and ditfeivd very little from the modern violin. The inftrument in queftioii continues to be called viele in modern French. Towards the middle of the fourteenth century it became tlie favourite of blind and other beggars, and acquired the name of I'inflrunient des panvres, or the Frg^ars Lyre.\ Mr. Twifs law it reprelented upon a ballo-relievo over the door of the Caihedral of Tcjrt?, one of the moft antient cities in || (i)thcr repicfentations of it, as it appeared in the i6th century, may be leen in Sir "J. Hawkins’i Iliftury of Mafic, Vol. III. p. 443, and in Preetorii Theatrum Injlrumeniorum, PI. 2a. No. IV. A minftrcl playing upon an inftrumeiit of the lute or cittern kind, the varieties of which are very numerous, and have been futficicntly difcuired by moft writers upon this fubjedt. No. V. A minftrel playing upon a tabor and pipe. No. VJ. Is fo much defaced that no conjefture can be formed about it. No. VII. Is alfo defaced, but appears to be a minllrel playing on the bag-pipes. It Is probable that this inftrument was ufed by our anceftors in the eaiHt-ft times. It occurs in many illuminated manuferipts of the 13th and 14th centuries, and was known to the Romans. § No. VIII. A minftrel with a harp, which he holds under his right arm, and plays upoia with one iiand only. This inftrument is called by Sir 'John Hawkins a Jiorizontal harp. ** Something of the lame kind, but of a larger lizc, copied from an illuminated Saxon manufeript, may be leen in Strutt'^ Manners and Cuftoms of the EngUjh, Vol. L PI. 17. where the harp is placed between the knees; and another in the fame Work, Vol. II. PI. I. from a manufeript of the 12th century, which exaftly relembles the prefent figure. More reprefentations of this kind of harp may be feen alfo in the Work of Fref/sr/wj before cited, PI. ^3. No. IX. A minftrel with a flute, which he feems to play upon after the manner of a German flute. No. X. The double pipe with one mouth-piece is a verr Angular and uncommon in¬ ftrument, of which perhaps no other inftance can be produced among EngUjh antiquities. It was known to the Romans under the name of Fitna biforeu -f-f- No. XI. This is faid to reprelent the Lord's fteward. lie carries a bag over his (boul¬ der, which perhaps may have contained money to dlftiibute among the people. No, XII. Concerning this Figure nothing can be faid tliat would aftbrd any fttisfaebion.' No. XIII. I'he Purle-bearer. Purfes were antiently fufpended to a girdle at t!ie waift. The French had a great variety of names for tliem according to their fizc and value, and it is probable that our countrymen were not behindhand with their neigh¬ bours in this aiticle of luxury. No. XIV. A minftrel in the habit of a Monk, playing upon two pipes at once. This inftrument is of very great antiquity among us, and was tiled by the Saxons^ as appc.ars from an illumination in a Saxon manufeript copied by Strutt in his Manners and Cuftoms &;c. Vol. I. PI. 17. It was alfo uled in the time ot Richard 11 . See a Figure of it from hiber Rega'isy written Richard's Coronation, in Strutt, Vol. II. PI. 6. It is the Fibics pares of the antieiUs fo frequently mentioned by ‘Terence, concerning which tlie leader may confult Bartholinus de Tibiis Veteriim, Burney's Iliftory of Mulic, Vol. I. 521, and Blanchini de Inflrum. Vet. Tab. I. No. XV. A female dancer playing upon a tambourine, which muft have a good deal contributed to the mirth and feftivity of thefe procclTions. No. XVI. Is one with the ale and cake. His cap is very far from being ungraceful, and it is proper to obferve that all the head drefles of the men are diftcrent. No. XVII. A minftrel playing upon a fiddle with three fti ings. Tlie violin was ufed in very early times both in France and England. It has already been obferved, in the de- Icription of No. II. that the French Antiquaries are of opinion that by the term vude is meant the violin; and if this be the cafe, it muft have been very common among them, as it is perpetually mentioned in their old Troubadours, Fabliers, and writers of romance. Aluch has been collected together upon the fubject by Monfieur L'Evcque de la Ravalhere, in the firft Volume oi \{\s Poefies du Roi de Navarre, where figures of difterent forts of viniins are given from antient monuments. Reprefentatior.s of Saxon and Norman violins occur in Mr. Strutt's Work before cited ; and upon the grand door of Barfrejlon Church ^ Poifies du Roi dc Navarre, Tom. i, 254. 'b See Glojpr'. P'‘ Cange, I • Rotia, \ DlcJionn. des Origincs, Tam, 3, 614. |[ Travels through Spain, p. 65.^ ■5 Blan.bini de Inlirumenc. Veterum, Tab. IT. Fig. 12, 13. LCr«i/s Hiiiorv ot Mulic, Vol. I. p. S’- ILltory of MuHc, Vw!. II. p. 445. -J-f Blancbim, Tab. L ! i ir Grand Fabliunr. et Contes, Tom. I. ji-i. [ 1= J In A'.v:/, whkli is of Nonnan m'chitcotnrc, there is a figure of a man playing upon the violin.* . , • , . 1-1 1 No. XV^U. A monkey playing up'n the bag-pipcj, which is no_other\vilc fo oe ex¬ plained than by a fuppofition that one of the company might be lo dreilcd up to add to the grotelqiie ajmearance of the ceremony. . r , N'o. XIX. A minrtrel with the regal or rcgals, a portable organ, an engraving ol which from Lufeinius, together with a defcrlption of the more modern kinds of it, may befeeii ill >/r J. JU-^i:n?s Ilildory of Mufic, \^ol. II. p. 448. From the Ibucdure and very fmall fcale of this inftrument, the treble notes only could be founded, for the lett hand was employed in blowing the bellows. In the ancient Frenc/j Foem of th; Ko;ffa?i de la Rof,', written about 1301^, the rcgals arc thus deferibed-— “ Orgues avoit bien vuiniables A line ftulle main portables Ou ilmifmcs Jouj/le ct touebe." It is reprefented upon tlie croher ot Ji’iUiam of (Vykebatn, engraved in the firft volume of this Work, which ihews its antiquity in this country; and organs of a diifcrent kind wcie in life among the buxons. it is alfo reprefented in folio 10 of the Cbronicon Nurem- bcr', printed in 1493, exaflly in the fame manner as in the prefent carving, and very often in prints fubkquent to that period done in Germany. In Ldenry \ Illth’s time they had double regals with two rows of pipes which vvere made of tln.-f- No. XX. Is the tumbler or poliurc mailer. The drefs is fo extremely clofe to the body that the ribs arc feen through it. Jle has on a kind of half boot. The reader is referred to what has already been laid concerning the antient tumblers in p. 5 ot this Volume. No. XXI. This figure is perhaps the fool or jefter of the ll'biijon Ale, though he is not fufficiently characterifed to reduce it to a certainty, and it is unfortunately much da¬ maged. N',). XXil. A mlnldrel blowing a horn. No. XXIII. A naked female, with her hands In fuch a poUure as to admit of fune whimliLii! conjectures. This tigure is faid to reprefent the Lady, but it is equally proba¬ ble that it e.xhibits another dancer. The hcad-drefs, as wcil as thole ot Nos. XV. and XXXVI. meiits attention, being that which was worn both in this and the enfuing reign; an initance which leives to ihew that falliions were at that time rather more permanent among the hdics than they arc at prelent. No. XXI\'. A monfter rcfembling a bear. PofTibly a dancing bear might confiitute one of the characdeis of the H b:tlon-Ale. No. XXV. d'here is no particular charafkeriflic about this figure to enable one to ex¬ plain it fatisfacforily. It is not improbable however that it reprelents a jugler, or conju¬ ror, who has julf Vwallowcd lomethiiig to aftonith the gaping multitude, or performed fome other furprizing ieat. PLATE II. reprefer.ts the S C U L P T URES r/’c Side. No. XXVI. Is a Monk who is looking at the figure of death near him, and by his countenance betrays evident tokens of fear and agitation. Nos. XXVIl. and XXIX. Are pieces of foliage. It is to be obferved that in this range of figures thefe pieces of foliage occur very frequently, which accounts for the number, of fgures being fewer in this than in the other plate; tor the foliages having little variety, it was not tlnaiglit worth while to engrave them. No. XXVIil. A figure of death, svithalell and fpade, both proper emblems of mor¬ tality. No. XXX. Another knight of the woful countenance, whofe terrors at death feeni equal to thole of the Monk. No. XXXI. An Abbot. No. XXXI f. Seems to be a mafler of the fciencc of defence with a dagger in each hand, readv to engage Ins adverlary. The practice of hgliting with fword and dagger, raj)!cr and d-.isgfci', and alfo with two daggers, was continued for a long time after this period, and w.;; probably introduced intj this country from i'V/mci’and Italy. % Were it not for the fierccnefs ot the countenance in this figure, one might iupp-ife it to be a pradlitioner of fwoid-danclng, a favourite divcrfioii among our anccitors, and Itill continued in levcral counties of England at wakes and fairs. No. XXXIII. A fimil.’.r figure in the aft of undrawing or fheathing his weapon. No. XXXIV. An elderly figure in a devotional attitude, looking towards No. XXXV. An Angel clothed in a drefs made of feathers. It was the taRe of the time to reprefent Angels in this manner, as may be J'cen in the figure of St. Michael up¬ on l-hnry VTIth’s monument in U'eftminfter Abbey, engraved in the firll volume of this Work, and alfo upon another figure in the laft plate of the iame volume. No. XXXVI. A female without any particular chnrafterildic. No. XXX\T!. A king witlr a feepter and mound. His crown is different from that worn at this time, being much more antient; the fame obfervation applies to his liair. Nos. XXX\' 1 II. and XXXIX. .A dog and a lion, emblems of vigilance and courage. It is not improbable that the above Figures might be intended to reprefent tome of the charafters in the old myltcries or moralities, w Inch were at this time the favouidte amufe- nients of the common people; and if this conjefturc be rightly formed, one may trace in them the feveral charafters of gluttony, death, bad conlcicnce, murder, piety, an angel, Nc. ic. which were very common perfonages in thefe reprefentations; or they may be altogether emblematical, and the mere coinage of the fculptor’s fancy, as they do not ajipcar to have any connection witii thofe on the other fide; and figures of focne kind were wanting to fill up the fpacc. L'pon the whole, they may be conOdered in an interelf- ing view, as exhibiting faithful repieieiuiirions of the drefies and manners of the times. * Crofts Antiquities of EngLnit, Vol 1 . p. 66. .po. eJit. 4 Stru::, Vo!. liL p. 116. i See I'rurn: Ule cl tlie Rap er anj 1 s'}-, 4to. .in>i Sciiools-of Defence, 16x7, 4:0. p. iS:. ^0 <5 0|q1 'mmm jL oftttv*. Vri, t\nrl-fu ■vn!oL 3 f«c.t. [ly Z ftii rr't«/» Na.nCOtO-K. Hj i . Qtt ell-'fttia *7 o-ti iry 3 //nAKtCfiyiv i^Hy^.^jr^^ornfi/r'. V.ljfS'. [ >3 ] PRIORY CHURCH of G RE AT MALVER N, Worcestershire, ^be Draivings taken 1788, a?2d ’were given in No. 19. A TOMB in the Sonth A i l e of the CHOIR. THE hiftory of this Church is filent with refpedl to this Tomb, a circumftance much to be regretted, as it is certainly of the moft ancient date of any now remaining in this kingdom, if we may judge from the Statue laid on it. The Tomb itfelf is very fimple, being an oblong, low pedeftal, and faced with the ornamented tiles, with which this Church abounds. Bird's Eye View of the STATUE on the ahoveTO'^/lB: This Statue, when compleat, muft have been confiderably above the common fize, being, from the remaining part of the legs to the top of the head, fix feet, and from elbow to elbow two feet two inches. The Statue has on the mail armour worn in the time of the Conqueror, over which is a long furcoat; the right-hand is armed with a battle-axe, and the left holds a cir¬ cular ihield, and from under it hangs a fword: thefe circumftances not only prove its very great antiquity, but point out a fingular curiofity in Ancient Sculptu 7 -e, as no inftance of the kind has ever fallen under the Editor’s obfervation. Six of the mojl remarkable BASSO-RELIEVOS on the under Bart of the Seats of the CHOIR. [Drawn to one Third of the Size of the Originals.^ It has been more than once, in the courfe of this Work, ohferved, the affinity thefe fubjefts bear to the hiflory and cuRoms of this country, therefore no introduftion in this place feems necelTary. No. 1 . A man in his laft ficknefs. A prieft at his head, and a dodor at his feet: the dying man holds his purfe to procure their affiRance, both for the good of his foul and body! No. 11 . This may be fome magical piece of bnfinefs, if we repeat two or three lines of the text, page 10, of this Volume, where one of the hags or witches fays— “ I had a D.i^ger: what did I with that? 1 *■ A Piper it got at a Church-Aie: “ Kill’d an iniant, to have his Fat. 1 “ 1 bade him againe blow wind i’che tale.” The Piper though, by the by, is here converted to a bellows-blower. Again, may we fancy this reprefentation to be, a Monk in a whimfical manner driving away the Devil ? No. 111 . A Gardener, with a Raff ai:d a garden hookj on each fide of him are plants, &c. Ko. IV. Heie we may naturally fuppofe the Gardener has reaped the reward of his labour; on his right arm hangs a baiket of fruit, and in his left hand he holds a very large pine. [In proportion to his head.] From this reprefentation we find the growtii of the pine of a far more ancient period than is generally imagined. There is a painting at Strawberry Hill, T’wickenham^ of Charles II. receiving from his gardener the firR pine reared in this kingdom, fo far the Rory of the piaure goes. The Editor ^here obferves, with no fmall degree of fatisfadlion, that this Sculpture has thrown fome faint light on hlRory. No. V. This may be the emblem of a Glutton; his belly hangs over the table, and before him arc the remains of his repaR: in his hands he holds two large goblets with a truly triumphant bacchanalian air. No. VI. An Angel playing on the cittern. The lower Fart of a BRASS MONUMENTAL PLATE, now retnainwg in the Church of St. MARGARET, Kings Lynn, Norfolk. Defcribcd in a Letter from Craven Ord, Efq. F.A.S. to Francis Douce, Elq. F.A.S. [Drawn one Third kfs than the Original.] Yourfelf and Mr. Pinkerton having expreffed a defire to fee an etching on_a larger fcale, of the Figures at the bottom of the Monumental Brafs Plate now remaining in the Church of St. Margaret’^, Lynn, than that given by Mr. Gough, in his Work on Sepulchral Monuments, 1 determined to offer to the Editor the Fac-fimile I took in September, 1778, in com¬ pany with my late friend Sir John Cidlum. You cannot be othervvife than pleafed with the Edi¬ tor’s etching; and as Mr. Cough has been very particular in his defeription of this Monument, I Riall take the liberty of tranfciibing what he fays of the Plate now before us.—“ But under “ the three principal Figures is reprefented a Feafl, that for the fpiendor of the table and the company, the band of mufic and the attendants, might pafs for fome grand anniverfary cele- “ brated in this’wealthy town, perhaps the FeaR of St. Margaret, their Patronefs, on the fair- ** day granted them by King ‘John, or perhaps the Mayor s FeaR, when Mr. Braunch held that office, 1349 or 1359. He may be feated at the upper end or left hand of the Plate, and the “ Aldermen and their wives in a row below him. In confirmation of this laR conjedlure, one “ might even fancy one fees, among other decorations of the table, the filver cup* which King John had prelented to the town at his laR vifit, 1216, above a century before, * Introduced in this Volume. “ Among [ H ] “ Among tlie delicacies of this fplendld table one fees the Peacock, that noble bird, the food *' of lovers and the meat of lords. Few diflies were in higher fafliion in the i-'tli century “ and there was fcarce any royal or noble fcalV without it. They llutfed it with fpices aiid “■ fweet herbs, and covered the head with a cl^th, which was kept conifantly wetted, to pre- “ ierve the cicwn. They roalled it and ferved it up whole, covered*, after drcninir, with'tlie ikin and featliers on, the comb entire, and the tail ipread.- Some perfons covcre*tl it with leaf- “ gold inilead of its )k.in, and juit a piece of cotton, dipped in fpirits, in.to its beak t.> which they fet fire as they put it on the tabic. The honour of ferving it up wa,-. referved for* the “ ladies moll dihingihihed for birth, rank, or beauty, one of whom, followed by ethers, md “ attended by muhe, brought it up in t!ic gold or li'lver diih, and let it before the mailer of “ the houfe, or the giicfl moll diflinguiihcd for his couitefy and valour; or after a tournament “ before the viclpriou.s knight, who was to difpLiy his ikill in carsuig the favourite fowl “ take an oaih of valour and ciucrjiri/.e on its head. 'I'he romance of “ manners t-f the age in which it was written, reprefents King Arthur doiinr “ fatisfaflion ol 5 C 0 guclls. A pichire by Elevens, engraved by L’Aw/.r>vw,''repiylcnts a nea- “ cock fcafl. Monfieui D'.h'/y had feen an old piece of tapcllrv of the r5th century, Vepre- “ fenting the i.iiue fubjefl, which he could not afterwards recover'to engiavcm ijis curious llif- “ tory ot_ tlie Piivate Jafe of the ivvy-;'. It may flatter the vanity of an I'j/g/ijh hilb rim to “ find this 5 ] tired to her elbte of Ely, then almoft a dcfert, and fpcnt fcven years totally occupied with the csercfcs ot devotion, till overcome by the authority of her friends and relations, and the entrea¬ ties of Egjni the King of tlie Northumbin, flic gave her hand to the latter, but upon the fame condition as in her former niarnage, of living continently, a praftice that was then exceedinirly common in marriage, as we lee by the example of St. E,heard the Confeflbr; and that was con¬ formable to the dilcipliiie of the church when either the parties were confenting or the marriage had never been confuminatcd. We are politively aflhred bv the antlent biflorians that Erhid conlented, though fometlmes with rcluaancy, to the eanielf entreaties of his wife in favoiir of a ftate of continency dining the twelve years they lived togetlier, and even at laft agreed to her taking the religions veil, though afterwards, on a particular occafion, he repented of this con- fent, and endeavoured to draw her back again into the world; failing however of fuccefs in this attempt, he then took another wife, as in fuch cafes it was judged lawful to do; her name was Ermenburga, a lady of a very different difpolition from Elbddreda. Before this latter marriage took place our Saint, not judging herfelf lafe in the territories of Egfrid, by the advice of Ebbrr her Abbcls, who was aunt to that Prince, fct out to her antient dwelling at Ely, where (he had jcfoivcd to found a moiiaftery of whicli flic became the firll Abbefs. With this intent having croffed tlie Humber, attended hy two other religious virgins, at a fmall dillance on the fduth fide of It, flie found herfelf opprefll-d with flcep, and waking beheld with fiirprize the flaff Ihe had ufed on her journey rooted in the ground and grown into a tall afli tree. This miracle flie con- fidered as a proof of Heaven's approving the defigii fhc was upon; and the place where it hap¬ pened, hiffoiians tell us, was in after-ages knowm bv the name Ethelredjlow or the Sleeping Place of Etheldreda. This is all of her hiftory that relates to the three Capitals before ns “ The firfl: of them reprefents the marriage of Etbddrtda with her firft hufband Humbert, In the year 652. 1 here is realnii for fujipufing this firfl marriage, and not her flihfequent one with Eg- Jrid, to be heie reprefented, becaiife it was that which had a more jjartictilar relation with the church of Ely, by giving tlic foundrefs poflbllion of the Ititc of it, as likevvife becaufe another king and queen appear in the Sculpture, who can be no other than her parents Anna and Hcref- ■wida. King and Queen of the Eujl Angles, the former of whom died leveral years before her fccond marriage, and the lalter of whom was then a profeffed Nun at Cdks in France. Her fa¬ ther is feen prefenting her hand to Tomberf, her motlier with three female attendants ftaiiding be¬ hind her, and a guard with his drawn fword doles the view on that fide. The Bifliop in his mitre, who is giving the nuptial benediaion, mull be ‘Thomas lillhop of the Eajl Angles, whole fee was at DunoAch, and who I'uccceded Felix tlie Apoflle of that nation the preceding year. I have been unable to trace the family of Tojnberl, etherwife it would probably appear that the perfon who has liold of his left arm is a brether, or fome near relation, of that Prince. The remaining figures arc Monks or Clerks, one of whom holds the Bifliop’s crofs, while another fupports what appears to me to be the fprinkling-brulh which was always ufed in the nuptial ce¬ remony. On the fecoiid Capita! Audry appears to be making her religious profeflion after having depo- fited her royal crown on the altar. St. Wilfrid'K in the ail o‘f pronouncing the benediflion ap¬ pointed for filch Iblcmnitics, with his mitre on his head and his crofs in his hand, while Ebla, the Abbefs of Coldingbam, who was aunt to King Egfrid, is fpreading the veil over her. Behind the Bifhop Hand three Cleiks, one of whom dilplays the book of the Pontifical, the fccond feeras to hold a vcliel of holy water, and the third the brufll for fprinkling it. On the other fide the crofier of the Abbefs, the ciifign of lier dignity, is held by an affiftaiit Nun who, together with three other religious lifters, bears the ncccllary im|)Ieraents for finch a ceremony; thefe were, befidcs a veil, a habit, and mantle, a breviary, ring, wreatli of flowers, &c. I cannot help oblerving here that Wharton ha>s foifled an egregious error into the text of the Monk of Ely. See Anglia Sacra, Vol. I. p, 598, which Stephens has copied in his Monaflicon, Vol. 11 . p. 392, by placing the Urbs Coliidi, where St. Audry was pi ofefled, at the diftance of fe- ven miles from York, whei'eas it is exprefsly aflerted by Capgravc, (not to mention other proofs) that this place was Coldingbam, now fituated in Scotland, but then forming part of the kingdom of Northumberland, near which a certain promontory Itill preferves the name of St. Ebb'& Head, it was this lame convent which two centuries later became lb famous for the heroic chaftity of its Abbefs, whole name was alfo Ebba, and her numerous religious daughters, who, as Mathew of Wejiminjier informs us, to preferve themlelves from the violence of the Danes, cut off their nofes and upper lips, and thereby rendered their appearance lb dilgufting to thefe brutal Pagansi that, lull giving way to wrath, they burned thefe martyrs to chaftity in the fame flames with which they confumed their church and monaflcry. On the third Capital the Saint is feen at Deep between her two virgin companions Sewera and Sewenna, one of whom fupports her head, which the Sculptor has decorated with a royal crown, notwithftanding fhe had before formally renounced it, while the other companion lifts up her right hand to Heaven in aftonifliment and devotion at the miraculous growth of the ftaff into a tree, under the foliage of which our Saint repofes. I am, &c. St. Peter’s Houfe, Winton, May IT,, 1789. John Milner. View [ ] Vitis or a SAXON DOOR-WAY on the Outfide of thi South Aik of the N.n-e of ELY Cathedral. Drawn 1787. Bcntham, in his hlflory of this Church, fays, page 284—“ The Nave was In ballding from about the middle of the reign of Henry I. and appears to have been compleated before the year By the Sculpture on this Door we muft be inclined to believe it of a more diflant period, or at leaft it might have been brought from fome part of the old Conventual church, built in 673, to decorate the prefent fabric, near which the remains of the choir of that venerable ifruffure is Ibil! Banding. . The Baflb-rellevo within the arch, (over the door) is Our Saviour titling on a nun-bow; his right hand is giving the bcnediclion, and in his left a book and crucifix: he is furrounded by a glory. A fubjefl of this kind is given in the firB Volume, with a particular delcription, page 11.-- When tlie Editor went to take the drawing of this door he found the lower part of it (nearly one third) burled in the ground, but by clearing away die earth he loon came to the ^alc hue of the columns, and then took the view as here reprefented. On the columns and capitals are a variety of ornaments iiueffperfed with buds and bcaBs, but on the pilaller on the right fide of the door are fourteen curious BafTo-rtlievos; and on the pilaf- ler on the left fide are the like number, but only three of them are here given, (the reft being a '^rotefque aflemblage of hcafts, 5 cc.) They are drawn to a larger fcale than the duor, indeed they are the principal reafons for introducing this Plate. 7 ii'o HEADS on the above DOOR. They form a fort of capitals to the inner pilafters, and ihew the head-drefll-s of the time. -Ihree'of the mojl remarkable BASSO-RELIEVOS on the Pila/ier on the h [ft Side of the above DOOR. No. I. A man drinking out of a luu'n. II. Do. with a Ihield, of the Roman make. III. Do. witli a harp, of an uncommon foi m; he holds it by a ftrap with his right hand, and plays on it witli his left: theftiings (againd all t!\c ulu.d rules) appear circular; this, how¬ ever, is not a finguUr inftance, the IfJitui having a drawing by him of a harp in this manner, (as to the Brings) which he copied jrom an illuminated manufeript, of a very antient date, in the poITcflion of ¥. Douce, Efq. ¥fje Fourteen BASSO-RELIEVOS an the Pdf er on the Right Side of the above DOOR. No. I. A man and woman very lovingly diiiiking out of the fame cup. 11 . A man holding up a cup. HI. Do. pouring liquoi' out of a wicker iu'ttle info a jug. IV. Do. playing on a harp witli five llriiigs. V. Do. playing on a pipe. Vr. Two bealls. VJI. A man playing on a moll uncommon mufical inftrumcnt, n t any thing of the kind has been yet met with; our prefriu balliion bear-^ fume Icmd of relemblance to it. No. Vllf. A man blowing into a b.ig; we may lupp de this the nrigrnal b.ag-plpe. IX. Here fancy is at a lofs to liiy wi.at thi^ man is engaged uith; it may be prefumed, however, he is a performer in this mufical band. No. X. A man playing on a erwth; here we find tliis inftrumeiU of a dill mure diftant age than any of the like kind which are introduced in this Work. No. XI. A fencer.- XII. A tumbler; we find this a fivourite diverfton with our ancedors at this early period. XIII. A bird on the back of fome amphibious beaft. XIV. A man and woman; they appear rowing in a boat, each ]iulling the contrary way: perhaps deligned emblematicaliv to fltew the troubles of the marriage Bate; and if we go back to the firft Baflb-relievo on this pilaftcr, we fliall find the joyous hours of courcflup (hewn In the happy pair, who are there taking large “ drauglits of love;’' and from that briglit feene to the former gloomy one, the fpace is filled up with the delights congenial to thofe happy days. t 17 ] PAINTING if SIR REGINALD BRAT, Privy Cmmfclhr to IlEKRT VH. in the North Win- doiv cf Jesus Chapel, on the North Side of the Vriory Church of Great Malverk, Wor-» ceflerfliirc. \llckht of the Original Three Feet by T'il'O FcctA Draivn 17S8. Dcfcribed by William Bray, Efq. F. A. S. IN the lafl: Number was inferted a Plate of Prince Arthur, Ton to King Henry VII. copied from a painting on glafs now in the church of Malvern Piioryj the Plate here given is a com¬ panion to it, taken from the fame window, and reprefents Sir Reginald Bray. It will be unne- ceflbry to repeat what was tliere laid of Malvern Priory, and of the paintings in the windows, of which Prince Arthur and Sir Reginald are the only perfeifl remains. In 1789 a frame of wire was put up to preferve them from accidental damage. A laige account of Sir Reginald lias been given in the new edition of the Biographia Britan^ idea, from which it may be obferved, that he was defeended from a family which had long flou- riflied in the counties of Northampton, IVarvdck and Bedford, which laft they had reprefented in parliament in the times of Edward I. and Edward II. His grandfather was Itiled of Eaton Bray,* in Bedfordjhire. His father was of the privy council to llenry'd\. and is buried in IFor- cejlcr cathedral. Attached to the Lanca/lrian caufc. Sir Reginald was fixed on to negotiate be¬ tween the Duke of Buckingham and Bifliop Morton, the introduction of the Earl of Richmond, and the union of that houfe with the lioul'e of I'ork. The luccefs of the plan is well known. He continued a faithful and fteady fervant of Henry VII. to the time of his death, which hap¬ pened in i ^03, and his fervices were nobly rewarded by that king, who heaped on him honours and high em]>loymeRts. He was made a knight banneret of the Bath and of the Garter', was appointed joint chief juftice, with Lord Fitzwatcr, of all the forefts fouth of Kent', privy counfcllor; high trealurer; chancellor of the Dutchy of Lancajler', and high fleward of tire Univei'fity of Oxford. He died poffelTed of an ample eflate, notwithllandlng which, and his adti\ ity as a minifler, under a monarch whofe love of money was the fource of great and juft complaints amonglt the people, hiftorians call him, “ the father of his country, a fage and “ grave perfon, a fervent lover of juftice, and one who would often admonllh the king when “ he did any thing contrary to juftice or equity.” He appears to have taken great delight in architecture^ and to have had no fmall fkill In it, as he had a principal concern and direction in building Henry the Vllth’s chapel in JVefiminfer Ab^ bey, and in the finilhing and bringing to perfection the chapel of St. George at Windfor\ to tlie latter he was a liberal bcnefaClor in his life-time, and for the completion of it he made pro- viiion by his will. His arms, creft and device, are exhibited in many places on the cieling of this chapel, and in the middle of tlte fouth aile is a chapel ereCted by him and ftill called by his name, in which, by his own particular direction, he was interred. Dr. Naf, in his Hiftory of Worcefierfdre, fiys, from Habingion'% papers, that he was boni hi St. ^obn Bedwardine, near ll’oreejler, and was a benefactor to it. * A place near Dur.JlulU, BASSO-RELIEVOS on the Capitals of the Columns fupporting the Lantern of EEY Cathedral. Explained by the Rev. Mr. Milner, in a fecond Letter to the Editor. [ Continued from Fage 15. ] Sir, ... However ftrange the obferVailce of continency in a married ftate may now appear, our furprize will ceafe with regard to paft ages, when we refleClthat then the contract¬ ing parlies entered into it under the exprefs ftipulatiou, provided by the church canons, that, until the aClual confurnmation of matiimony, either of the parties was at liberty to recede 111 order to embrace a continent and religious life; nor could the party fo deferted complain of any injury done to them where the perfon was unviolated, the contraCt conditional, and where fucli deferted party was free to make a frefli choice as foon as the other had entered into permanent en¬ gagements of another nature. With refpeCt to St. Etheldreda, we have feen that both her huftands had confented to her liv¬ ing a coniinent life, and that Egfrid in particular, now become King of the Northumbrians, had even permitted her to retire to his aunt Ebba'z monafteiy at Coldingham, and publickly to take upon herfelf the monaftic vows: the conduct then of this prince who, after Ihe had re¬ mained in that ftate a whole twelvemonth, endeavoured to drag her from her folitude and by force to rob her of ilie highly-valued treafure of her virginity, was not only confidered as an inftance of perfidy but alfo of facrilege. Being fpurred on however by his flattering courtiers, who faw which way their prince was inclined, he endeavoured to furprize and feize on Ethel¬ dreda, and for this purpofe jirefentcd himfelf before the convent of Coldingham, when he \yas leaft cxjicCted, with an armed force. The faint had barely time to efcape to a neighbouring promontory, then called Coldbirt’s Head, the fame that is now probably called St. Ebb\ Head, with her two conftant companions, Sewerra and Sewenna, who, like their miftrefs, had embraced the monaftic ftate; hither they were foon purfued by Egfrid, who could not have failed to ac- compUfii his intentions had not Heaven iuterpofed, a.s Bede, who relates moft of his hiftory of this faint from the oral teftimony of Wilfrid, and other writers aflure us, by caufing the fea to advance in fucli manner beyond its ufual bounds as to furround and infulate the place where thefe fervants of God were addrefling him in fervent prayer. Struck by this prodigy, Egfrid)^ t 1-3 ] faid to have haffily retreated back to T-.rt, which appears to have been his iirual rchdtncc, where he boon after married Ermenhirga, a lady of a very diftei'eiu d.ifpofition from oiir (hint. But though the king for the prclent acquiefeed in v.hat appeated to In- the wiM of Providence, jict it was judged imprudent for Etbrldrcda to continue aiiv longer iti liis dominions, as C-.LUng- ham was; tor the kingdom of NortbumkrLvid in thole days c.ttcndeil a confidcrable way into tile low lands of ScathiuJ, the inhabitants of which, as far as the confines of the /'i.h, were ica! Saxon:-, accordingly, by the advice of her fiipcrior E:-!-a, the hallened licr jeuiney to her origi¬ nal patrimony of Eh, which appeal's then to have been under the dominion ot h.cr brother xUnIphus, King of the Ea/l Angh:. By his aliilfance, a convent was foon Ivniii tor licr here, of which (he was immediately coniecrated abhefs by the lime St, Wilfrid Arclibilhop of Torh, from \yhom, in the preceding year, lire had received the religions veil' at Cddi::vl;i:i7, for falling into difgrace about tliis time witli Egfrid ami Ins new Ipoui'e Errm:iurga, iie'took tin's cppoiuinity of paying a vifit to St, Audry, at Ely, wiicre lie perform:d the above-mentioned ceremony, though a devout pricll of the name of Ihmna was chofen by tlie faint for tlie regular clia|)l lin ot lier community. It is not eafy liowever to give credit to thole writers, who reprefent tlie lia- tted tliat Ertih-nlmrgc bore to Hdlfrid as the conrequelice of liis encouraging thofe relblutions in Iier predeceifor which }iavcd the way for lieri'elf to motint tlie throne. In this new fituatioii, St. A:!dij piirfued, without reflraint, the fervor of lier piety; not con¬ tent with regularly aflifting at the public office of midnight cilicd Mahas, lire made it a rule to pals tlic remainder of tlie in'glit, till the fervicc of Prl:>:e began at break of d.iv, in filent pray¬ er; Ihc rarely eat oftner than once in the four and twenty hours, and intcrd’iacd lierfcll tile life of linen g.irments and of the warm bath, except on certain vreat fcifiv.ils.tt Having palfcd i'even year's in thefe exercifes of pictv, file w,ls called to the icward of her la¬ bours in 6:9, in conicqnence of .an epidemical dillempcr which die fome time before predicicd, joined to a painful tumor in her neck, whicli ivas laid open liv iier pliylici.iri Ci-irid. For two days die .appeared to be conuderably relieved, hut on the third, perceiving her mil to ajipioach, fire called for the rites of the chui'di, which were adminilfcrcJ to list ny licr cli.iplain when, after much pious exiiortation to her fpiritiial daughters, and after I'cquvftirig to he bui'icdl without ponqi, in tile fame wooden coffin wliicii formed her couch, and to beuipofited in (he lame rank with the other deccafed religious in the order of licr departure, file pvaceablv uiri'cii- dered'her foul to God on theatd of funo, 699. I mufl not omit to leniark, that tlie I'aint, when tortul'ed liy tlie pain in her neck, was acenf- tomed to tell thofe about licr, tliat Ihe colifidercd this fuHcring and humiliation as the jull pn- nifliment of her vanity for having worn in her youth ridi necklaces liiuidcd with jewels. Harpsjuld, the chinch hilforian, who lived at tlic time of the ch nge of religion in tilde countiies, tells us, that it was the culfom of the women in ins days to wear a necklace of fine wrought lilk, in memory of tin's faint, wliicii they tliereforc called a St. xlaJry's La:, and, liv contraiSion, a Ta-a-dry laa-. No one will be furprized tiiat, as tlic ornament itlolf became com'- mon, the name fliould become contemptible, lb as t 1 lignify any kind of fpaiious and p.altiy finely. It may be a maltcr of information to fome antiquarians that the collar of S. S. rcccivc’s its name from tlie initials of Saint SimpUcim, a Homan lenatoi', wlio was bciicaded foi tlic taitli in the perlecution of Alexander llcverus. Since I vyi'ote my former account, 1 liaveliad afiglit of Bratham's Iliflory of Hi:, and am liir- prized to_ find that he docs not give any particular e.vpianation of tilde curious'II ilf,-relievos, but fatisfies hinilelf with a general indication of their fiibjcas: but wh.it molf e.vcites mvallo- rilhment is to obferve fo many and I'udi material dilferciices between ills plates anti vours. ' Were I not well acquainted both with your patient accuracy in exhibiting whatever is rlcaily vihble, no lei, than with your fagacious ingmnity in recovering what is almolf loll in tbvl'e ancient mo¬ numents, yet the c-finm:, ohleiveabie in your plates, leaves me no room to doubt whidi of the tvv 1 lets is moll conformable to tiie original.-j- On the fourth Capita!, uliich is the fii'll in the prefent Plate, St. Etbddn-d.i and her two companions are reprefented in tlic attitude of piaycr, on the rack of CoidUrtp liead, round winch the waves arc m.idc to flow in the hell manner the imperfea Hate of fculpture in tiiole days would admit of. hgfrid, known by tile crown on liis head, whidi iiovvevei' is not I'een in Bmib.mi: Plates, with certain attendants and guards on hnrl'eback and on f, ot, i’ome of vvlioin are atnied vvitli the cliaraacrillic weapon of tiie S'.ix'a/n the battle-axe, ajipea-s to lie llojijiej Ibort in his puritiit by the above-mentioned jirodigy. The imprize it ocealioiis is cxpidlLd in the countenance of tlie king, and by the ujiiifted liands of his two iiearell attendants. The fifth Capital reprdents St. iHifruim tile act of intbroakiug St. EtbclJr:Ja, as it is cal''.'.! in the Pontifical, wliidi rite was jiart of the ceremony of bleliing an abbefs, and confided in placing lier on a kind ofi throne callc.l a fni/iidoriu'ji, and delivering 10 lier tlie ]ia[lor.il liar' where the monaltery was entitled to this enfiign of dignity. An ,«tcndaiit monk I'tippoits tlie biiliopsown croher, another holds open the book of tlie Pontifical, out of wiiidi the biiiieo cannot but rcmarlt, in tliii account, which is t.i'wn from FA , llic early ufe of linen in ihis ill ueral collom of bail.lng winch prevailed atths lame t,m-, and which was contni'ercl as ahin.li imldi„„l health, hy ccdellaltical a, well a, I,cular |,ctl' hy rhe li-althy no Ivf, than tlie lick. 'I'lie lame hilh.t i thst Ethel^reda uleJ the b.it inly oil extr^ordinaiy octallons, mention.^, . , n -- ‘ .1 llill creatiT acl ut ,iu|i ter .-Hid fucceUor, >ixbuTga, jL-ll.iiiie.i lioin it Muirelv. Atiu..c tlie fame time, St. \;..,ifainec^ fy the Keve Mr. Milner, in a Letter to the Editor. Sir, Tn dcfcribing the antique curiofici'es dlfcovered ^tPlyde Abbey, I feel myfelf called upon to give fome account of this cc-lcbrated religious edablifliment, and of its various revolutions, down to that which has lately j'cduced it to a condition fo different from its original deftination, and occafioned the aclual diicovery of the greater part of thefe monuments of an¬ cient times. If there were nothing elfe to recommend this venerable eftablifliment to the notice of the in¬ genious and the fentimcntal, it would be more than fufficient for this purpofe, that it was the foundation and the dcflined burying-place of the immortal Alfred and his revered progeny. Nothing can be unintcrelHng to an EngUlhman, who refpefts learning and vii tue, and who loves his country, that relates to this model of kings, heroes, legiflators, and faints, upon whom envy looks in vain, to adopt the thought of a modern hiftorian, for fome fault to veil the glare of his tranfeendent viitucs; but the fp'it confecrated by his remains, fo far from deferving the unwoithy treatment it has lately met with, ought to be annually vifited by the natives of this kingdom with a fimilar veneration to th.at with which the pilgrimage of Mecca is performed by the difciples of Mahomet. This monaftery, which was originally placed on the northern fide of the Cathedral church cf this city, though founded and almofi: built by Alfred, was only finifiied by his foil and fuc- ceffor Edward the Eldei’, who, in addition to the benefaftions of his father, beftowed Hyde Micheldever, and other poffefiions, upon it. Succeeding kings were profufe in their prefents to this Abbey, particularly Edgar, who fubftituted monks in the place of fecular canons, accord¬ ing to the original deftination, and Canute the Great, who, though a Dantjh barbarian, fiiewed himfelf by his great and good adfions, not unworthy to fway the feepter of Having ri¬ diculed the flattery of his courtiers, who hailed him Lord of the Ocean, by ironically prohibit¬ ing the flowing tide to touch the feet of its fovereign, as he Rood upon the flrand, clofe to Sc. Deufils's Priory, which was direiffly oppofite to the modern Northam -and the fite of the ancient Southampton, he took occafion, from this occurrence, to exercife a fignal adt of homage to the Almighty, by placing his royal crown, which he never afterwards wore, on the great crucifix of the Cathedral church, and by bellowing another crucifix of equal fize and of pure gold, fet with jewels, on the new Minfter, as Alfred's foundation was called, of fuch prodigious value as to be thought equal to the yearly revenue of the whole kingdom in thofe days. This feene, however, of our Abbey’s prol'perity was followed by another of equal adverfity. Its Abbot, Alwin, having taken a more aiRive part than became his profeffion, againff William the I 20 j ttie Conqueror, in favour of his nephew King HaroJJ, the oppremve .\\r>n. 7 'f, feqiieuerevl ilic revenues of the whole Abbey. Under the reign of his Ton the Firil, tlic Monks were obliged to abandon their rcfidencc, and to rebuild their monaftery without the northern w.dl of the city, in the meadow belonging to them, called //w.h, hut which was previouliv called /Iv.- nii7ri, from the celebrated combat fought there between the Dani/b champion Ch/'wwi/and Gry of irur-icicb, m the reign of Athcljlau. Many of the circumfl'.inces nf this combat aie un¬ doubtedly ficlitious; but the memory of Guy is To frcih at Ji'arvAck, and of V. 'irxbrf- ter, wlierc Ins axe was j)rcferved for a great number of centuries, that the fubilancc of this llorv cannot juftly be called in queftion. The pretext f t the removal of the Abhev, which took place in iiio, was, that the two churches were near to each otherth.it their organs^- and choirs mutually confounded each other; but it is difficult to fuppofe that a royal eftablilhiuent, which had fubfiffcd 200 years, the fite of which had been origin.dly purchafed at a mark of gold for each foot, and which had tiie advantage of a mitrevi Abbot for its fuperior, while the an¬ cient monaflery was only governed hv a Prior, Ibould fo t.nncly have fiibniitted to emigrate, had u not laboured undt r the royal difplcafurc, in confequence of a fufpicion of its being flill difuttedled to the Normivi government. Tiie ill fortune, however, of this monailery folfowcd it to IJy.!(\ for before the building was quite complealcd the fatal ci\’il war breaking out between the Emprefs Maud and King Supben, it was Gripped of its treafures and burnt to tlic ground. 1 cannot however fubferibe to tl-,e opinion of tliofc aiuliors who reprefent this deftrudlon of //-.fl inde¬ cent difrefpeel, while the ornaments that were from time to time met with were purloined and Ibid. At this moment Hone cotiins are to be leeii there turned into water troughs, while Bullos and other Sculptures are aukwardly itiick into brick walls, or with features caricatured by rude clrillels and with checks daubed over with red paint, arc gibbetted over fome cell or dun"eon. it is true, a fum of money was paid for the propeity of thi.s land to the heirs or reprefenr.atives of thofe to whom the wickeduefs or the folly of the lull Henry had given it; but I fliould be glad to be informed, by fbme of the bright luminaries of the law, whether the property of land confers any laghc to violate the fepulchres of the dead tliat may be found upon itr f with to know whether our ancellors, having left us the wide and fertile furface of the earth, obtained by their valour and improved by their indullry, have not a flrlA right to clibfe fx feet within its bowels, which are ncceflary for the peaceful repofe of their remains P 1 know what * 1 have been furprlzed to find nn nccovnt of organs ufed in nnr cliurch.'s fo earlv as the age of St. Duulic. w'.^o is meniiuned to have gi^en one to ilis clnirch of AElmjlury, by the l.imous hil'torian ot tliat name. ubi, per '.Teas fijlulas mu/icis mevltirii ei.ibsra'.os, diiifif’i .-(uerptas fillis z.n'n /hixnis the t 21 ] the I'w of nature 'is in this pirtlcular; but fliould the law of tliis chriftlan land afford no pro^ tedlion to fepulchres of ever fo high an antiquity, it is greatly inferior in tins relpcS, to the rode of the Pagan which condemned perfons ot high rank to baniflimcnt, and thofe of inferior rank to death, for diflurbing the afllcs of the dead, or even for defacing their monua ments * Every one has feen in the Book of Genefis how attentive the Patriarchs were to the decent interment of the dead, and what high commendations are betowed in the Book ot Kings and in the affcSiim hilfory of ’Toby on this work of charity. The firm belief ot the refurrro- tion of the body at the fame time armed the ancient Chriflians with conflancy, m luSenng martyrdom, and’encreafed tlieir refpea for thofe venerable remains which are>wa m corruption, hut Jhall rije in incorruption, &c. I Cor. 15. Tm BUSTOS an rar/a Ai/e n GATE-WAY, and a Stone TMUJET inn ndjoining. Nos I and 11 . are Buffos on each fide of a gate-Way that now opens muo a farm yard, ad- loining to which is a budding that is now ufed as a barn, but which I fufpea to have been onertte refeftory of the monks 1 both thefe Buffos wear crowns, and there is lutle reafon to dSubt of their being intended to reprefent uilfred and Ed-warti, the two founders of this monaf- Itl A ftone Tablet, with an infeription on it to the memory of Alfrcd.vhic'n is in a garden A‘ ■ ‘rtrrfn mV Imufc and which, from certain tradition, I know to have been dug out of the Sns of Hyde Abbey lime years ago: it might have been either placed under fome ftatue or have iiein intended for a foundation ftone, which I fhould rather fuipea from the date which ap¬ pears to co^ep^d „i,h the time when that monarch took the firff ffep towards this ereflion. Sor^e gentlemLr, wbofe names in the literary world are a credit to this city have queffioned fhe geSenrfs of this monument, and have fufpeaedthe inicnpt.on to have been lately forged the genmnen j [ j becauft the charafters are not thofe of the age of Ai/red; h^t theTu ftio hfm? opinfon is no', whether they are of his reign, but whether they are o the reign of Henry the Firft or rather of Henry the Second, when this monaftery was built for the laft time. H BUSTO, STATUE, anJ nn ANIMAL; iHy are on a WAIAj here. ■NT nr nr, Pmrv but 1 own it is no more than a conjeaurc, that we here behold the 1 ^ \s\Jcrimhald firffc Abbot of this monaftery and firfl: Profeffor of Divinity 'Tdlfd ‘ueTs ^ gina ; a'inrot si Bcrtid. Abbey atlt. O,arc’s., where his learning .at Orford He was orig y company with and piety ,0 R„„e, Hence, when Alfred, on liis acceffiou to the his father king , , j- eviving literature in this kingdom, by inviting ]c.irned perfons from fjj^ceafure I’ the Gnllicun Church was no eafy matter: Alfred was under procure, Archbilhop of Rbeims, for his intereft in this iiegociation, the necclB y o pp 5 o ’ prefent to that prelate of fome Britijh dogs, famous ?u au'alelS tleir'coll^gl I’order to dSlroy the wolve? which then committed dreadful dc- predations in gy ,he figure of a tower in her hands: file ,1 p oerfecution of Gakrius, and became the patronefs of military engineers, was a martyl in he p ^cieinllly the crown of an arched ftone roof, as appears by the IbTllSng from it: probably itlifwlred this purpofe, in feme chapel dedicated to this fa.nt in the abbey church. , ,, , c^pe of fome Animal, with a fcroll under it, which feems No. VI. ’'f lfcnltion Whether this was the foct-ftone of a tomb, or al¬ io have been P I „„able to judge. It was found, as ludes to fome incident m 1 f -„ntbrr female buff: at the back of the budding, which well as the two laft -enuened figums. monument, having been fiew chi- you have not . Aether with tfveral fantaftical capitals of columns m my pof- ^eAl"le,!Xlnlllil;e! liSr'blafis. and men, amengff the promifenous heap of rums caufed’by the fall of this once magnificent church. n rHATICF irPATEN, C OVER oYC1B O RIUM, WTsas RINGS, dug up bere. A C HALIC E. AT^E .jy,,., Milner a/ tks City. llAlllulAlellAtlSlaS olf of the graves herd opened ; they are all VIII. of the many ^ ^ occafion, which was to buiy with the corpfe ot a ICiTpriers’cArslAll tame is to be faid of the Ciboriums, which were Chalices with covers to them, a ^ of'Tne of thefe craves a quantity of mouldering velvet and No. IX. is here delineated. 1 favv and judgL to have been formerly a ^leVsll^me'A rallltA in courff of frielb eEca.tiom, top.of a crofier with the grlAftom llnclleTwerc takel tl have been an abbot's. This Abbey having been of the See Jac. Cutknus dejure manium apud Grarium. pumbev [ ] number of tliofe that were termed mitred, the feperior of which had the privilege of bearing the epifcopal crofier, and the dignity of a feat in the upper houfe of rtarlianicnt. ^ No. X. is a Silver Ring for the finger; a timilar one is in the poficliion of the learned and indefatigable Director of the Society of Antiquaries. No. XI. is a Brafs Ring, which might have been iifed for the girdle or belt of the monks or other perfons: many fueh were dug up, and fome with bits of leather faftenci! to them. I can¬ not conclude without mentioning that within the precincts of this Abbey, a few years previous to the building of the bridewell, in digging for a cellar in the houfe of the Rev. Mr. Richards, feveral urns, of different fizes, were difeovered, which were afterwards j-'roeured by the late CxijUnns Brandcr,Y.\<\. but thefe were found at a confiderable depth in the earth, and mucli below the level of the late excavations. I have no doubt but tlie very exillence of thefe were unknown to the monks of Hyde, and that they, as well as fonic others in my jioireffion, dif- covcrcd within tiicfc few months to the eafl of this city, are to be referred to a time when thi^ ancient city, x\\c.\\'CwzVcn:a Bclgarum, was fubjeft to that victorious people whofe yoke the lelt c-t the known world was obliged to wear. Tif rc- ere Impcrio Topuhs Romanc memento ILe tihi ernnt antes. St. Piter's Ily.ifi, Jt’iHtony Ur. 23, 1790. Yours, See. John Milner.- T-.c5_BUSTOS porch, and the moji remarkable BASSO-RELIEVOS on th’ under Pari of the Seats ojj’:.' Q.\\X)\\K of the Collegiate Church o/' St. Katharine, xiear the Posnue of London, Ais. 111. and P'lL dransm to half the She, and the reji to one fourth of the Ori/i- nals. D'viti:'//r “ 89 . TIIE Hofpital and Church, dedicated to St. Katharine, fituated near the Tower of London, was firR ftiunded by Queen Matilda, or Maud, wife of King Stephen, in 1148. for a mafter* brothers, and lifters, and oi her poor perfons, [the exact number does not appear] referving to heifdf and her liicceffors, the future queens of England, the nomination of the mafter to^his holpital on every vac.incy. In J272 Queen wife cf 77,7/;-;'Ilf. diifolved this hofpital, and in 12731110 refound- fit prejiiit royr.l hojpttal and cdl fate church, for a mafter, three brothers, and three fitters, bclides ten poor bedcs women and fix jjoor fchclars. The following royal and noble perfonages were tlie principal benefaftors. Eiki-ard 111. and Queen Philippa, his wife. IViltinm de Erldefy, mafter, (who in i 340 be//ur Hall, xb^X'-ceonder of our ijlc! realizing the idea of palaces r^z/'v//;y enchantment. Even now tne envious eye of modern debilitated orebite^ure is caft on vour ItiU'w/ii/.'- cayed ncal.siwd roj, and tlic jaial d-termination breeding ever your fate may foon fay your glories in tjc iiuji-, which period every admirer of ancient magnificence will pray may never happen. Tx-j • E U S T O S in the P 0 R C H. Thev each Eipport the fpringing of a moulding round the arch of the inner door-way, and are very much defaced. In tire bibliotheca Topograpbica Brhannica they are faid to reprefent Ed- tilda hi. ill. and his queen; but it is mod: probable they were defigned for King Stepll-n and Ma- ; queen, the hrft Foundrds of this liofpital, for it is ufual to find, in ancient buildino-s, the foLindeis Head or Buflo placed in the like fituati.in, or on the Tides of the ° above; one inllance will ferv ‘ ' I great windows , , , , , on e.2ch fide the grent weft window of St. OsA. iie.'.r L'MVe J d'V that liofpital W.1S founded, and Hairy dc hats, Rilhop of // mchejler, tlie tounder, (which portraits, with other Sculptures from the fame p.acey wall tc given in the next number.) Other reafons may be adduced wily tlicv are not I'.d- -yi "I- hiyiooou tite natr and beard of the king, and the hc.td attire of tile queen, tlie two Buftos Ml qucftion. being far diftercnt both from the allowed portraits of tlie f tamer, feen in t.ie 1 late before us, and on their tombs in IVeJbninfer Abbey. '{>• -.All be cond:‘eie.i U tie next ' 6 - ^ 7 li [ 23 ] [Continuation of the SCULPTURES and CARVINGS at Sir. Katharine's.] No. I. Matilda, or Maud, wife of King Stephen, firft foundrefs of this hofpital, daughter and' heir of Euftacc, Earl of Boulogne, died the 3d of May, 1151. Her he.id attire is compofed of linen or fdk, folded together: [the like is feen in No. X of this Plate.] the crown is placed above, from wliich fprings the moulding of the arch. No. II. King Stephen, 'The moji remarkable BASSO-RELIEVOS on the under-part of the Seats of the Choir. No. III. Ed'wardWl. This carving (which, by the by, is placed on an angle, formed by two arms of the feats on the north fide of the choir, and not on the under-part, like the reft,) bears the greateft refemblance to the head of his ftatue in JVeJlminJier Abbey. [The rays of the crown are much damaged.] No. IV.* A female of inferior rank; we may fuppofe a fifter before admiflion. No. V. This head, (with one exactly the fame at its back, makes the end of the arm to one of the feats) reprefents a Blftiop. In thehiftory of this church, no mention is made of any Bifhop being confpicuous as a patron, or benefadtor, therefore no name can be affigned. No. VI. This, beyond a doubt, was defigned for one of the fifters. No. VII. Queen Philippa, wife to Edward\\l. third daughter of William Earl of Henault, died the 15th of Auguft, 1369, a great patronefs to this church, and in whofe time thefe carvings Were made, [This reprefentation, like No. III. is placed in a fimilar fituation on the north fide the choir.] Here we find a great likenefs to the Abbey portrait of this Queen. [The rays of the crown are damaged.] The Oiiiament below the breaft is an uncommon decoration j it is com¬ pofed of three crowns, and foliage between, and the ground ftudded with precious ftones. No. VIII. may with propriety be called the portrait of William De Erldefhy, mafter of this hofpital in 1340, who began to re-build this part of the church, the ftalls, &;c. No. IX- The center part of a BalTo-Relievo, [the fides having no eonneftion, being unmean- jng grotefque heads, are therefore omitted,] prefent a religious at his devotion, but he feems to be interrupted therein by two damfels. [The faces are entirely gone.] No. X. Here we find the buftos of the frail ladies juft mentioned, held up to view by a gigantic devil, not wc prefume for their good deeds, and the poor deluded prieft [though the carving is extremely damaged, it ftill may be made out,] expofed in the daws of a fmaller fiend; the other correfponding imp bears a tablet, fupported in a whimfical manner, whereon, no doubt, was wrote their holy tranfadions. No. XI. Thefe two figures are on each fide of the Baflb-Relievo; the center being occupied by an eagle, which, having no connection with them, is left out. They reprefent a combat in the tafte of the times, one armed with a fmall circular ftiield and a bill, and the other with a pointed ftiield and dagger- _ _ _ , No. XII. A mufical exhibition; the principal performer, like his companion in No. X. is of the monfter race; plays on two drums, he has on a kind of armour well fuited to his terrific appearance 5 the lefler devil on the right blows a ftiort thick trumpet, but the inftrument, which the other is playing on, is damaged. If we look back to the expofure of the three unfortunates in No. X. we may fuppofe tliis infernal trio to be the devil’s "Te deum for his vidlory; over them, and to follow the idea ftill further (fuppofing them to be wrongfully accufed,) the great devil fitting on the cufhion denotes his triumph over the church, while the fmaller ones triumph alfo, one over the fearful and defencelefs prieft, in the form of a hare, and the other over the poor innocent female, In the form of a lamb. No. XIII. We may appropriate this as the portrait of John De Hermefhorp, mafter in 1369^ who finilhed this part of the church, theftalls, &:c. * The fubjeds are given as they follow each othen four PAINTINGS in the firfl Window, on the North Side of the Choir, of the Abbey Church, at Tewkesbury. [Four Feet Six Inches high.] Drawn 1788. Defcribed by Johu-Charles Brooke, Efq. Somerfet Herald, F. A. S. At Tewkejbury was a rich abbey of BenediBine Monks, built and endowed in the year 7:5, by Oddo and Doddo, Dukes of Mercia, and dedicated to the honour of the Virgin which having undergone many calamities during the civil and Danijh wars, about the year 980, became a pri¬ ory, fubjed to Cranhurn, in Dorfetfire-, but Robert Fitz-Hamon, a noble Norman, who came into England with William the Conqueror, enlarged the buildings, and much increaled the pof- fefllons of Tewkejbury, infomuch, that the monks of Cranhurn chofe, about the ye.ar 1102. to re-^ move here, and make lifts the chief honfe: after which, it became a great abbey of BenediBine Monks, and flourilhed till the diftblution, when its revenues, according to Dugdale and Speed, were valued at ;C-^59S annum, or, according to the valuation in Burnet, at £.IS 95 ■ ^ Vhe defeendants of Robert Fitz-Hamon, the reftorer of this abbey, viz. the Clares and De- fpencers, Earls of Gkucejier, the Beauchamps and Neidles, Earls of Warwick, and hd\y the Plantagenets themfelves, in right of the marriages of Richard III. and George, Duke of Clarence, [ ] \virh the two daugiiters find coheirs of Ri'cl'nrJ Earl of 11 ar^xtck, being the patrons of this Abbey, we find it niucli favoured and ornamented by thefe lUutlrious perfonages, many df whom'jve interred here, and feveral of their eiiigies remain, painted in the windows of the choir, of wiiich thofe on the north lide are here reprefented : they are in armour, with tabards on, containing tlieir aims, liave tlieir left hands on tlie hilt of their iwoids, and hold in the right a fpear. Thefe efiigics do not feem to be placed m any genealogical_ order, according to th° fuccelTion of the earls, but may have been erroneoufiy altered by foine incidental new-glaz¬ ing of the windows, lince their fiiif being placed there. , /i r t- Nearcfi: the altar, at the head of thefe four, is placed Robert Fitz-Unnwi, the reftorcr of this Abbey; on his tabard are bis arnrs, azure a lion rampant, guardant or; he married Sibil, dumhter of Roger (k Montsiomerv, Earl of Arundel and Shrc'ivjbury, bv whom ho had four daughters, his coheirs. Mahc:, married firlT; to Robert Conful, as hereafter, 2 gethcr with its deaths, as entire and ficfli as when they had been committed to ihe earth fixteen years before; and Cinfrid being called in, (who feems to have furniffied Bedt' ^vlth tills account) found the very wound he had made in the laint’s neck a few days before iicr dcceaie perfefliy healed, and notliing but a fear left to fliew where it had been. I'he Capital, No. 8, like No. 6, exhibits two diftincl llories: on one fide we fee the three royal faints who, in imitation of their iliuftrious relation St. Ethcldreda, had renounced the fpiendors of a court to enjoy the fpiritual advantages of religious retirement; St. Sexburga, her lifter, and St. Ermcailda, and Wcrbiirga, lier niece, in confultation witli St. IVUjrhl, our faint's antlent dircclor, and Cinfrid, her phyfician, concerning tlie ■ intended removal of the body; on the other fide, we behold the flint’s body undecayed, with its cloaths and crown entire, raifed up by Sexburga and two other nuns, under a kind of tent formed by drapery, extended for this purpofe, \vhile Cinfrid, who has been admitted to behold the prodigy, feerns, witli up-lifted liands, to exprefs his admiration at it to thofe who are Handing without. Tiie perfoa whom I deferibe, as Cinfrid, in Bciitham'^ plate is the moft ftrange and ambiguous figure I ever beheld. He has alfo reprefented one of the royal nuns as a man, and funiiOicd him with a large pair of wliilkers. * Of die former kind, tliat is to fay, of ftone coffins, formed out of .i fingle done; two are to he feen in the yard of the Biidewell of this city: of the latter kind, formed out of feveral pieces of chalk; there are alfo two preferred in a chapel .at Chrijl Chwibin this county. BUSTOS and t-.ro FIGURES, ftipporting the fpringvig of the Mouldings roimd the Arches between the Cclumns obovc-nientioned. phey are oj the Svze of Uje, except the two Figures, oohich are much lej’s.'\ There is nothing fufficlently appropriate in the Bufts which fupport the arches between thefe curious capitals to give them any relation to the hiftories carved upon the latter; they are, how¬ ever, deferving of the notice you have taken of them in the prefent Plate, inafmuch as they give us fome imperfeft idea of the head-dreffes of the age; I mean the fourteenth age, in which thefe carvings were executed, not the feventh, in whicli this monaftery was founded. No. 1. is the Bull of a clerk or fecular prieft. It is true fuch were forbidden by the canons to wear their hair, but this law appears never to have been rigoroully enforced in tills cold cli¬ mate. Nos. II. and III. are Bufts of queens, as No. TV. is of a king. Nos. V. and VI. reprefent billiops, or, as I rather conceive, an abbot and a blfliop. Nos. VH. and VIII. are thofe grotefque figures which, according with the tafte of the low¬ er erder of mankind, I fufpeCl the fculptors, to wliofe choice thefe more minute ornaments muft often have been left, had trequeiitlv an opportunity of introducing into tlie moft grave and reli¬ gious groups: fuch alfociations are certainly iinjiroper; but are not many of our bell modern buildings dilgraced by the fame burlefque fculpture, fuch as occurs on the key ftones of certain door-ways in Grojvenor Square and d>ueen Square, li'ejlminfler f It is poffible that No; VII. which apj.iears to be a kind of liarpy, may be intended to reprefent the devil, in whicii cafe No. IftlL m.iy pafo for a monk, who is defying him with a Ihield, having a dagger in the center of .\o. IX. is evidently the Baft of a monk. .'^t. Feter's Ihufe, JFinton, May 14, 1790. Yours, ficc. John Milner. SCULPTURE.> [ V ] SCULPTURES /«m St; Stephen’s Chapel W C*j!iTJ Drawn xy()Ci. Explained Francis Douce, Efq. F. A. S. St. Stcpheih Chapel is fald to have been founded by King Stephen in the year 1141,* in ho-« nour of his namefake the protomartyr, but for this affertion, which is adopted hy Stoive znA all his followers, there is no authority whatever; for in K:\Y\gEdward the Illds Charter of Foundation it is only faid to have been begun by his anceftors “ per progenitos nojlros nobiliter inchdatam,” without any particular difcriminatlon of perfon. If Stowe had not mentioned, and probably upon fome authority, tliat King John, in the 7th year of his reign, granted to Baldwin nus de London, clerk of his exchequer, the chapelihip of St. Stephen,^ there would have been every reafon in the world to have concluded that it had been originally founded by Edward I. for there are ftill remaining among the records of the exchequer certain rolls of expences iri- curred in the 20th year of his reign, relating to the foundation (“ circa fnndamcntim, as it is expreffed in the title of them) of the king’s chapel of St. Mary and St. Stephen ztWeJimn- Her + The only way of accounting for this, is, by fuppofing that the former chapel had been totally dellroyed by the fire which happened at the palace in the year 1263. Another terrible fire happening in the 27th of Edward 1 . it was probably again deftroyed, and in confequence thereof rebuilt in a very magnificent flile by Edward\\\. in the year 1347, and converted into a collegiate church called the free chapel of St. Mary the Vtrgm and St. Stephen. There were belonging to it a dean, twelve fccular canons, with as many vicars, and other proper omcers.§ It Ihould feem, from the following paflage in Edward the Illd’s will, that he did not live to fcompleat this college—" Volumes etiani, et expreffe ordinamus, quod collegium nojlrum bbere capelle noHre Sandli Stephani apiid Weftmonaflerium per nos fundatum perjiciatur, et omnibus dchite de boms noHris compleatur juxta ordinacionem primeve fundactonis ejujdcm ;”|| but it is not per^Ctly clear whether this relates to the completion of the building itfelf or of its endowments.^ Among toiher donations from the king to this college, he granted to it " a piece of ground withm his palace, extending, in length, between the walls of the find chapel and the e^hequer, and, in breadth, from the wall of his great hall to the Thames, for the purpofe of erefting a cbilter and other necefiary building?, with free ingrefs and egrefs, by day and by night, through the gate near the bridge, where the entrance to the chapel was. together with the ule of the keys there¬ of* and all flrangers or others vifiting the faid chapel from devotion were to have free palTage through the great hall daring day-light, without impediment from any of the kuig s fervanis; for which purpofe the dean and canons were to have keys of the hall.” * . Richa'-d II afterwards confirmed to the college certain lands in Kent, which m his Charter 01 Confirmation are exprefsly faid to have been given to it by his grandfather’s wi l.ff As no fuch claufe however occurs in the copy of this will above cited, one is rather at a lojs to account for fuch omiffion; a circumftance well deferving an enquiry m fome other place. The Charter c. 14, for the further fuppreffion of colleges, chauntries, &c. this chapel was furrendered to the king. At this timeits revenues amounted to .085/. tor. 5A ■per annuxn.Xt The feite of it was granted, 4 Edward VI. to Sir .Ru/p/j ^am, and 6 Edward VI. \o Sir ‘-Icbn Gate.^S fmee which time it has been occupied by the Houle of Commons, who be¬ fore afiLbled in the Chapter Houfe at Weftminfier. It ftill retains its name of St. Stephen s the noble arches which fupported this once elegant building, forming a kind of ambula¬ tory are ftiU remaining in Ae moftperfea Rate, and confift of five grand div.fions, the gto.ns fpr'u’ging from cluftered columns at the angles of each divifion Two of thefe foim the prin¬ cipal room in the apartments belonging to his Grace the Duke of Newcajtk auditor of the Exchequer: two others are occupied by fervants belonging to Ae duke, and tne remaining one forms a common paflage leading from Wefimmfter Hall into Old Palace Yai d. Immediately above is the Hmfe of Com,mm. The call end is alfo preferved, but has under- eon”much aheration, the greaJ window being filled np with others adapted to modern conve- niency: it fronts I'ae Thames on the garden fide, formerly the garden 10 Cotton Houfe-, there is a tolerable view of it in Dodfley’o “ London and its Environs defenbed, but the lower • xi- ;»■ litc hppn altered fince the view was taken. The weft front is in part very bm the pmA or veftlbule belonging to the chapel is ftill re- oblcuicd by mod n-.e- it has a Gothic door in the middle, leading immediately Srihf abTc 7 ?hrh“ —^ fp-e between Ac weft front of the into t ie loDoy ^ jt has alfo a door at each end, the one leading to Ae cL”V ^uefs. the other to fome private rooms, and receives its light from a Gothic wm- “^TifceA v«”now^fSrrbe the Sculptures in the firft compartment of the Plate, and which form the centres of the groins of the before-mentioned arches. ^ X I is the martyrdfm of St. Laurence. The inftrument of h.s torture is properly repre- r A k cln onH nnf a<5 in manv inftanccs, a gndiroii. This correfponds with moft: of AeTegendary accou’nts of the manner in which this faint ruffered. I. is true that Gallonius VT -IT- c T j V 1 T P ■ 4 ' Sijtve’s Survey of edit. I754> Vol* ft. lb- W.i. ^/« 4 ’‘Chro„. .080. laiintT ubi fupra, endeavouff [ ^3 ] ■endeavours to make a diftinaion between thefe inftruments, and does not fcruijlc to fay that the very gridiron upon which St. Laurence was broiled was yet preftrved in his time at Rome-* but Sagittarius, a much more rational author upon the fame lubjeft, has treated Gatlonius's credulity with the contempt which it deferves.f Above is feen, iffuing from the clouds, the protecting hand of Providence. ^ ° No II. St. Margaret putting tire devil, who had appeared to her in the fiiapc of a dragon, to flight With the crofs. “ ^ No. III. St. Catharine. ^ Her legend fays, that upon her praying to Heaven for the dellruc- tion of the two wheels which had been prepared for her execution, an angel from heaven broke them to pieces with fuch force that four thoufand Pagans were flain with the fragments. This miracle is here reprefented. ^ No. I V. St. >/jjr the Lsangelifl in a cauldron of boiling oil, into which the legend fays he was put by the command ot the Emperor Domitian, without fuftering any harm. No. V. An angel playing with a bow upon a mufical inftrument refcmbling a violin. This carving is not like the reft in the centre of tlie groins, but upon the centre of an arch interfedf- ing Nos. IV and VI; No. yi. Thelloning of St. Stephen. Here, as wellas in No. IV, the figures are in theufual drefs of the time of EJ-ward III. The three lall Nos. are in an apartment belonging to the Duke of 'Ne'wcajtle, called the Grotto Room; they are painted in various colours, and remain in their original Itate; the others are white-waflied. The remaining Sculptures in this Plate form home of the moll remarkable centres of the groins of the cloiiter. It has already been obferved that Eduard\\\. granted a fpot of ground for building a cloiller, bm^ if any fuch cloiller was ever built in his time, no part of it is now remaining; the prefeiu c' “fggeration, the mofl elegant in this or perhaps any other country, was erefted by Dr. ’John Chamber nr Chambers, Phylician to King Henry the Vlllth, and lall Dean of the Cdlcge, at the expence of iiooo marks. iS/oit'e calls it, “of curious vvorkmanlhip:‘’t an exprcllion by no means ffrong enough to convey a juft idea of its merit. It forms a qua¬ drangle with a gallery above; three of the fldes arc ib interfecfted with various apartments be- longing to the Auditor of the Exchequer, that the effeS they would have if laid open, is eiw t.rely dellroycd; the mher, being converted into a h,all or paffage, appe,irs nearly in its original Iplendour. The Architefl feems to have rivalled himfelf in the elegance of the deligns of the Icveral groins, each of them differing from the others. Mr. Pennant, who is the only Topogra¬ pher ot om metropolis that has properly noticed this building, jullly obferves that the Gothic workmanlhip of this cloiller is fo elegant as not to be parallelled even by that in the chapel of V n.§ But a fmall chapel or oratory, projeding from tlie well fide of the quadrangle, is ot ftill more exqmfite beauty than the cloiller itfcif; it is impoiflble that any thing can exceed It. indeed, when it is conlidercd what an enormous fum was expended upon this edifice much is tobeexpedled. ifrary the VTIth's Chapel coll but £.14 ooo || It only remains to deferibe the Sculptures. No. VII. The Virgin and Child. No. yin. Our Saviour, with a mound in his left-hand. Behind is a Glory, not encircling the head, as ulual, but the whole figure. ° IM 'he Stephen. The fubjeft is treated in the fame manner as in No. VI. but the contiaft of drefs between the two periods is very obfervable Near tliis bculpture is a Imall mural monument. Thefe three are on the weft fide of the cloifter. No. X. Mr. Pennant thinks, and perhaps rightly, that this re|irclcnts the front of the cha- pel; It certainly bears much refemblance to the eaft end of it, with an exception as to the creat vvindow, which IS very dillercnt; and did any reprefentation of the well front occur among tyie ornaments, it might place the matter beyond doubt; none fuch however is vifible thou^gh It IS not rmpoliible that It may be concealed among the rubbifli which disfigures the’ building. This Sculpture is ornamented with an elegant border compofed of rofes and eourds and IS on the nortli fide of the cloifter. ° * No. XI. The letters the ufual antient contraaion of the Greek name of "'fefus. They are executed with great tafte; above is a crown, and the whole is encircled with the fame border as in No. X. No. XII. The arms of Cardmal kVolfey, who probably contributed to the expence of building the cloiitcrsi or tlie placing his arms here might have been nothing more than a piece of Profs adulation as he was at this time in the meridian of his glory. Dr. Chambers was appohited Dean ot St. s College about the year i 526. f The royal arms are in the next compart¬ ment. Thele two laft Nos. are on the eaft fide of the cloifter, which is not fo richly ornament¬ ed as the others. ^ _ In July I /Sy. “ 11 ““/'' / Commons, appointed to infpeft the buildings ad¬ joining to « p/Wyffr Hall, made their report accordingly. It Hated that fome of thefe build, mgs were in a decayed fitu.ition, particularly to the north and call of the Hall, and that it was a matter wmthy ot the conlideration of the Houfe, whether it would not be advifeable to ereft a new let of burldings m their room. To this report was fubjoined an opinion refpeaing tire particular Hate ot thefe (iruaures, figned byMcffis. Mam, Dance, and eleven oth^cr emfncnt architecLS, without a iingle allufion to the exquifite remains of antient Ikill which have given * GuA’tf/iiui de Sanflor. Martyr. Cruciatib. 4to. 1670 P uj J- 1 Vol. II. P.633. ^ hLont,::, P, 8^.°' '^^ 1 , + •1 » PoporConum, \ o!. I. P. ‘ Sagiltar. Painteri, de Martyr, Cruciatib. P, 191. Vol. I, Suppl, 8vo. edit. occa* [ 29 ] occafion to this memoir. The plain Englith of what thefe fentlemen have f,i.t ■ .. o away all this old rubbilh, and w/will bufl/you more t f being burned than yoU do at prefent.’^ Nothing however C b en done fince the making of this report, but whenever national conveniency ihall require the re-edification of buildings in _a feiious flate of decay, it is to be hoped there will not be found warning alfo a portion of national talfe, to refeue from deftrudion the moft beautiful fpedmen of Goi^ic architedure which this country has to boaft of. ipccimen SCULPTURES/™* Cross. »r.rW.NC,.ESTE«^ lySp. Fx- flmneJ by the Rev. Mr. Mioneb, F. A. S. ^ Letter to the Editor. Sir, V -r h J rt, ®fortune the Hofpita! of St. Croft efcaped, in the man- Tao ,h nTeV h■' no foundation on this under cfnfid'raSn;" of paft times as that at prefent I'ef f'”' Srll time finds himfclf in the quadrangle of St. Croft Len n .rtpair, the maffive Seixott Church, on his left-hand the long, S th^toLr nonhern porch of titat facred edifice, on his right the feparate cell ot the biethien, of Gat&c workmanllnp; and when, turning round, he beholds the common ?n Her'th 1 "oi'^ows and tracery work, the mailers apartments, and the huge grated door unde, the lofty tovve, ornamented with pointed niches, lla.ues, and ecclefiaftical deices; when, moreover, he contemplates the neatnefs, order and filcnce that every where reign, the latter of which .s only interrupted by the f.gnals of regular duties, the found of the clock, and the chiming of the bells; when he views the venerable grey-headed inhabitants in their lonv h ack robes, and with filvet crolTes on their brealls, moling with mcafured Heps over the cl: doled green, and hcais them lalutmg each other with the religious appellationlf brother- in llmlllv “Id Antiquary can hardly help thinking he is in a real antient monaftery, and, h.s imagination carrying him three hundred years backwards, be is prepared to fee feme gorgeous proceffion pals before his eyes, or to hear the Latin liturgy chaunted fo ail Its pomp and folemnity. The antient cullom of the dole of bread and beer given at the gate to all comers Is ftill kept up. ^ ^ Upon the late infpeafon of the ftatc of the building by a committee of gentlemen appoint- til at the petition of the prefent mailer, a part of the fouth fide of the Hofpital (which had been uninhabited ever fince the reduaion of the ori- gmal number of brethren) has been pulled down, and the wliole building fubllantially repair, cd, and a beatltyul window of painted glafs placed in the well window of the church The prefent mailer* fpends great part of his time there. ’Ttso BUSTOS fupporting the Mouldings round the g rent Wef Window of the Church, [ns large at The two Bulls in the prefent Plate are evidently a king and a bilhop, and from the place they occupy under the mouldings of the great well window of the church, as well as from other circumllances, 1 have no doubt of their being intended to reprefent the king, in whofe reign, and the bilhop, at whofe expence, this part of the edifice was ereBed. In oppofition to this fyllem, it may however be urged, that the church is univerfally allowed to have been built by the original founder Cardinal de Bloit, King Stephen'^ brother, and that of courfc according to the fuppofition 1 have made, the Bud on the right ought to have been decorated with a car. dinal's hat, as Beaufort's figure is, and not with a mitre, which was an enfign of inferior dig¬ nity. To obviate this objeflion, I mud have rccourfe to a very obvious remark, which I am furprized diould have cfcaped the obfervation of Louth, Grofe and Wawl,-f namely, that the great wed window and door, together with the upper range of windows and the vaulting of the whole wedern end, as likewife a conliderable part of the tower, are in a different dyle of archi- tefture from the red of the churcli, which is of the ornamented Saxon kind, according to the improvements introduced by the Normans, while the above-mentioned portions of the building arc of the Gothic order, with pointed arches, rich tracery windows, and budos, every where lopportlng the mouldings of the fame, ilence, while 1 fo far agree with the common opinion as to allow that the cad end of the church and the north and fouth tranfepts, together with the lower part of the wed end and the maffive pillars in the iiifide of this part, are of the work- manlliip of Cardinal de Bloit, I cannot help aferibing the later improvements I have mentioned to the illudrious whofe munificence to the churches of his diocefe in general, and whole exertions in redoring the rights, property and buildings of St. Crof arc well known. See Louth, Gough, &c. | In confirmation of this opinion, we fee on the three groin dones of the vaulting of this well end of thf church the arms of the Hofpital between thofc of Wickham * Dr. Lockman. 'I' The Avihorof the Hiftory of IFindilhr, in a Vols. i Account of BiavfsriiTomh, in the publication* of Ant.Soc. and [ 3 " 1 , C n r, wlinfi-tune I fufoea thefc improvements wire not compleated; if ihere that the Bufts m .neflton are thofe of Bifliop jyktbam and of his patron, Ed-^ard III, STATUE {kncdini) in a Nkb. on North Sid. of tic grcot Gotc-crny. [Not ,,Nti fo Itt-ge dt Tr is svell known that there was a two-fold foundation of St. Croft the firft for tefi' It 15 well known tnat ui ,,,u„ers to be fed each day, the latter for forty additional dent penlioners a{,ove-m'entioned thirteen: the two founders agree in the follow- numbers on tne footi ^ i .i i nf P7?'r/i'/7) kines both bifliops of V/incbcJler, and ing circt^ftances ‘J-VT ftm r^o’^ "helli was, 'as I have fa/d, Hcn,j 0 K g the 1^ ddtaufort, brother, by a different mother, to J r ’v a name niueh iniured in the hillorical dramas of this country. It is the privilege of Hcmy \\ . a name n uc ) s,i,hout being amenable to that tribunal of veracity *™h-ch'hiftor"iam Ihift Hand In awe of; aLt Sbakfpear, in more inftances than the prefent, has built it own te ical “f moral charaaers of his dramatic perfonages. IIow- e if is'not extraordinary that the Roman purple Ihould not protea ds wearer from niifrepre- F‘t ;iS-l;/e,^^^menlory has 1..1 nmch ^y cm im^^ W tha^^at of th^emn- t {:tlSSl -l^limaLi/of t^ cardinal from the of ambition and avarice, ulually laid to ^ ^ " ehret®a“ntho?ity or proba- rally fuppofed death: theimmenfc dation =“' f ^ r- that he knew much better than is generally luppofcd how Society of revenues which the firft employments in tlie church and ftate to make a right ufc 1 attention to the interefts and fervice ot religion, poured in upon him, on t j fnr the nublic welfare, as well as the ftyle and te- which kept pace witlnhis ackM epitaph,f which was proba- nor of his laft '' ''h ™ p f improbable the defpairing+ death-bed fccne of rri?®"f'S'JE.£~ dinal. It IS m a n havln? orobablv been fpared, on account of his figure of Bcimjort 1,° the other two correfponding ftatues were demolillied: it bcnefaaioiis “ ^ j ^ „.e to which the founder was kneeling reprefented the Bleffed ,s genera yfuppof a tl« probably is, that in the north tower of fr,»cbcjlcr Airgiii, and the i-neplinv before her ftatue; but then we are to recollea that II tekham Co egc, I .‘tkinm is f t . . j reas the hofpital in queftlon was dedicated to the dedicated his college to the Biel ed rg.n I holy crofs; hence I have no doub t th- " « « a crucifix; the other figure, to the '« ■ m'o f„„„a„ion. The ftatue of the BJeflid Virgin, I appear to have been fccon a„d which one of jmagrnc, pj/^„,,nrbr.,s^the place more than fourfeore years, recolleas to have the bm 'meno fit.Ci^ir. wl ^ ^p ,,„.mg been ereaed by l„n failed W1 h a femak - thefe few years, it tell, to reprefent a certarn Cardinal fa. P“^ p, f,;d to have firft refolved on founding the prelent hofpital. imlk-maid, atv\hoiLentr y_ rnKif ] Having dwelt fo mucli longer than I intended on the ornameHts, which relate to the two beneficent founders of St. Crofs, I muft be brief m my account of the eighteen hgures over the Rail in the choir; they are much mutilated by violence, and have been greatly defaced by being covered with paint, which has obliterated the texts of fcripUire that were infcnbed on the lables, and books in their hands, at once, to intimate their meaning and their perfonages; but though without fuch information, it muft be idle to conjedfure whom each of them leprcfents in par¬ ticular; yet I make no doubt but that they were intended for fome of the chief Prophets, Saints, and Heroines, mentioned in Scripture, and that the infcrlptions, above-mentioned, all related to the paffion of Chriji., to whofe Holy Crofs this Hofpital was dedicated: what cliiefly leads me to be of this opinion is, that thofe figures which fupport any thing befides their labels and books, all have fome emblems of the Paflion in their hands. Thus, No. I. has the pillar at which our Saviour was fcourged; No. IV holds the hammer; No. V. the fponge at the top of a reed; No. XIV, the Crofs; No. XV, the three nails. I muR add that thefe figures are difpofed nine on each fide of the choir; and that this carved work, with fimilar figures, within the me¬ mory of the prefent brethren, was continued acrofs the entrance of the choir, where I make no doubt thofe other emblems of the Paflion occurred, that are at prefent wanting. I muR alio mention, that the figures of Angels which fupport the vaulting of the wcR end of the choir, likewife hold in their iiands fimilar emblems of the Paflion, which feem to have been a favourite device of Bilhop Fox^ as appears by the ornaments he has made in the Cathedral of this city. That it was the above-mentioned Prelate who executed thefe carvings at St. Crofs, is proved by his arms, which are often repeated upon it, and by the drelTes of the figures, which, as far as the charadfers will admit, were thofe of Henry Vllth’sreign. I am, &c, St. Peter s Houfe, IVinton, Mny 20, 1790, John Milner. The porch of St. M A R G A R E T’s CHURCH, York. Drawn 1790. Defcribed by Richard Gough, Efq. F. R. S. F. A. S. THE parlRi church of St. Margaret, in the city of Tork, Rands on the north fide of/FIz/w- ^ate, fomewhat backwards, .and was with that of St. which a)fo Rood in this Rreet, con¬ joined into one reiRoiy, belonging to the patronage of St. Peter, or Sc. Leonard in Tork, whercunto they were given by Walter Fagenidf\x\. the reign of Henry Vll.* This hofpital was one of the ancientelt and nobleR of the kind in Britain, founded as early as the reign of Atheljian, who in completion of his vow to recompence the prayers of the people oi Be'eierly, Tork, and Durham, for the fuccefs of his expedition againR the Scots, A. D. 936. gave to certain devout perfons called Coledeiov Culdees the allowance of a thravc\ of corn, granted to him out of every plough-land in the bifliopric of Tork to protedt the inhabitants from the inroad of wolves. With this grant and a further one of a piece of waRe land they founded for themfelves this hofpital, which they dedicated to St. Peter, and which received additional confirmations and grants from fucceeding kings. After the ConqueR it was rebuilt by King Ste¬ phen and dedicated to St. Laurence', and the number of perfons conRantly maintained in this hofpital, befides thofe relieved by it elfewhere, were a mafter, thirteen brethren, four fecular ptieRs, eight fiflers, thirty choriRers, two fchool maRers, twenty-fix headmen, and fix fervitors: in all ninety. The pofleflions enumerated by Mr. Drake, in the Monaficon II. 367, 372. and by Tanner Not, Mon. 642, and the large tribute of corn which was gathered through the northern counties muR make the yearly revenues very confiderable. And yet the whole, befides the thraves, which Mr. Drake fuppofes dropt of themfelves at the diflblution, was given in at no more than the annual rentof /‘.362 lu. t-+ The church of St. Margaret, though a plain building, damaged by the fall of the Reeple 1672, and not repaired till 1684, has one of the moR extraordinary porches Mr. Drake ever obferved. It is fuch an elaborate piece of Gothic fculpture and architedlure that he thought fit to publifh a draught of it. How inadequate the reprefentation though taken near fixty years ago, when it may be prefumed to have been a little more perfe.e pedmren.H j^di^i; - t Eternal Ff - fef ,cft uTon a'cherubim, who holds between his wmgs a Ihield fore our S”'™. play,ng on rauheal ?;Zme:;,t“gl«withtwofigu.Tsin^a.cum^^^^ mona°gram of^ This ornament is particularly apphcable to the altar that was juft beneath, The North fide. r 1 -rt’-rto-prnMems of the Evaneelifts, the lion to denote St. and the Here ate feen the >'=‘"“." '.0 ^ the® two others deferibed in the former plate, eagle St. joLm\ winch emblems F;.if gobble pair of wings, difplaying on Ihields the well Next to thefe occur two angels, wNl double pa.r , P known emblcns of the Pafl.on o Urtfi^ ,Ti. th^Cmer, pincers, a.rd nails: on the lower lance ''’"«d with the fpunge o P ' ; h the wounds of CAnyi exhibited in Ins pierced l^'Khmidtf'Tren^ rol“mnim°®m 1 nrcm^ the figure of anangel. or perh.rps of St. John l;;et;hdwitb theDov. i cannot explain the '“"" “‘’’P , • ; , -,5 blerting or benediaion to another royal perfonage ?Lm Spe^ars Sre body o/a tree and a bird, a religious wrth a book it.w.Js oil one .iiiJ the jnif.iiiiig Holy Spirit is Teen jbove in glory. In the frizc is tlie continuation of angels in the attitude of prayer. 1 he jamb between the windows corref- pond with tlie otJiers ahfpdy dcli‘ribed, and the large jamb on the tide is in tlie fame ftyle as the one on tlie fornier piatc. jV/(;yj4, 1791, John- Milner. STATUES a BASSO-RELIEVO on th: South Side of the Chantry over the MonumentalCha- y ] STATUES MINSTER, ani Si. MART'S Church. « Bcverly, Yorkshire. Defiriied i/ Douce, Efq. Drai.n .790. WImI, gnen ,n the preceding N-umber, View of the Minstrels w St. Marys Church. This view exhibits them In their tiaual fituation; placed upon brackets. Above the c.tp!t.ils, and fupponing feme of the outer mouldings round the arches of the atles ot the nave, rs th. figure of an angel holding a tablet thus infccibed 10 2E ^ J13 ^ The learned author of the elTav on ancient EnglKh Minftrels has produded fufficlent au- thoTltie! to fhL tha? pylons fo called officiated in the church ftrvicci* but ,t ,s by no means ai'certained whether they were the common Minftrels or eftabhlhed officers ot the church . in¬ deed frotn the very vague and indefinite fenfe in which the term Minijkr was ufed in the middle ages,’ it may be reafonably inferred that the Minftrels in queft.on "i"" ““iTt from the STu-ting^kcelmton'ttfit'Ln'th^^ ^'’Sntrtt“Li;nracl°„^ortr:ditl^^ Minftrels has been prefervedi and however Lcious the above attempt to illuftrate them may appear, would be improper to?ay too much ftrefs upon it whilft any other conjefture can be fupported by evidence ot eq 1 mefentiim a man blowing a horn from the top of a watch-tower. Another part of their office Ls to an^iiounce day-bre^ak, and to call together the peopled their work by “ I* j+ Thefe oerfoiis at length became mere muficians and watchmen, who paraded the ftrects by nighl at cettain feafons of the year, calling the hour and adminiftenng Inhabitants bv their pleafing melodies. By an order of tlie common council of NewenJUe, ISovem Icr 4, 1646, the waits were commanded to go about morning and evening, . rndem " and an order from the fame authority in 1675 enjoined their going about the town ill tl/e whiter feafon i They ftill exift at Dublim^ and lew perfons m London are ftrangers to I, conrl hntions which they levy at Chrjjlmni, under the fanaion of ancient uiage. Led ''"¥ha. theffi P«iry V, to whofe memory the Monumental Chapel is credled, and of Henry VI, who cauled it to be executed ; but as the fame fwelling is to be feen on the neck of the king in this baflb relievo as in the other, it feems probable the one is intend¬ ed for his coronation in England, and the other for that in France. The right hand of the kin®-, which held the globe, is mutilated, as is alfo the fceptre in the left hand. Fig. 4.2. This figure has the left hand in a pouch or pocket. 43, a bifhop. 45, a monk. 50. This is the laft figure round the Chauntry. STATUES in the Screen over the An ar [at the Eajl End] in the above Chauntry. This fcreen confifts of an afTemblage of nine rich niches, which are placed immediately over the altar; the two niches at the ends projedl beyond the Tides of the chauntry; and as the fcreen is a part of the defign, the ftatues they contain feem proper fubjedts to be introduced here as a continuation of thofe ali'eady given. Fig. 51, St. George on foot, transfixing the dragon with his lance,* The armour is very plain and clumfy. The fiatue is placed juft above Fig. 34, and renders what is there conjectured the more probable; namely, that the baflb relievo there feen is of the king’s dominion in En¬ gland. Fig. 52 may be defigned for Edward the Confejfor, as the uplifted right band, though damaged, appears to have held the celebrated ring, fo often reprefented in various parts of JVeJiminJler Abbey. Fig. 53 is perliaps St. fohn the Evangelijl, who was Edward the Confeffor'e, patron faint. 54 probably contained the flatue of Our Saviour on tlie crofs. 55, Mary Magdalen, feated, in an attitude of adoration. Tlie fituation of this ftatiie and St, correipond with the ufual reprefentation of the crucifixion. Fig 56 may perhaps be defigned for Sebert, the founder of the original building of this abbey. The crown and riglu hand are damaged, and thefeepter loft. Fig. 57, St. Dennu-]- carrying his head in his bands. This ftatue, like Fig. 51, confirms the conjedture on Fig. 17, as it ftands over that baflb relievo, and fhews that there our Henry is liding conqueror over FraJice. THREE BASSO RELIEVOS in a Frize under the preceding Nine Statues. This frize formed the head of the altar, and thefe three baflb relievos range on a line in the centre: there was not room on the plate to place them in that pofition, they are therefore in¬ troduced over eacli other. Fig. 58. At the top is the virgin feated, with Our Saviour in her arms, the fun at her back, and the moon under her feet; below, a female feated on the ground with her hand on a lamb, alluding perhaps to chap. xii. ver. i. “ And there appeared a great wonder in heaven, a woman ‘ ‘ clothed with the fun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a croo.vn of twelve Jlars:'' ver. 5. “ And fie brought forth a man child, who was to rule all the nations with a rod of iron : “ and the cbildwas caught up unto God, and to his throne." ver. 6. “ And the woman fed into “ the wildernefs, wherefie hath a place prepared of God, that they fiotdd feed her there a ihoufaud “ and two hundred and three fcore days," ZSc. Fig. 59. From the half of this baflb relievo which remains there appears the head of a perfonage, at his back, the rays of tlie fun, a crofs reclining, and a fword, the point near the head; which fi¬ gure we may fuppofe is meant for God the Father; the other may be Our Saviour, feated in hea¬ venly glory. There yet remains in the right hand the mundus, or globe. The deftroyed part we may conclude contained thevirgin, as on feveral pieces of ancient fculpture are to be feen OurSa- viour and the virgin feated on one throne; he isin the adt of giving the benediiftion, and the in an attitude of adoration receiving it; one of this kind is in vol. I of this work, from St, Mary’s * See “ An Tliflorica! and Critical Enquiry into the Exiftenceand Charaflerof St. George, by the Rev. Mr. Milner,” a curious ami learned defence of that renowned faint, (lately publiihed by Debret, PiccLidilly ) and his ellay in No. 25 of this M'orlc of the fabulous hiilory of St. George. 4 See again .Mr. Milner’s Efl’ay on St. p. 2!. Hal/, [ 46 i Hall Cc-^mtn. This refers to Kf'.v/.riOTi, chap. i. vcr. 16 . " pd h: Ud m bu rightpp fken Jhrrtard out of Us mouth -uscnt aftttrp tuto-cdgedjutorj: an. Ins rotm.aumoc usts .u.htfn, *‘'in hh ftrengih,” ^c. _ . r“' ^°heKcs“iIfth'il'’'rc',eenbring foimtchlrmaged, .ana partis centir a K 1 - t-U probable that .he. were oftenOre ,o „„r pioe.s Z::mtrs. pp furioas aod Wind ..1 leav. os . ,.r.^t « .h.s rUy the a^fcurtirof'therume.' We-'now have only to hope the sene. al p.eva.hns talbe tor the ih.dy of antiquities may be the means of preletvmg the few that icmam. ^BRASSm tboCburcb f the llofpitul ofSt. Caoss Wtvenrs ran. DfriUJftU Riz\ Mr. Milner, /// Letter t'j the . JJru^ ■. iyii'j. S I R, I HAVE often reflefled that there is no part of the ill.tnd, at leaft !n fo piiblic and frequented a htuation, which has efcaped fo well the reliaious devaftatinns both of the .6th and I 7th centuries, as this which Providence has allotted for my place of leridence. W ere our munificent and adored benefatfor, ri'i/lium fWkkbum, to nie fron, that beaut,hrl monun.en wh eh inelofes his remains, and which is as in.ire, at the prelent day as tt was our hundred wears avo wlten it was creeded, he would find that Ins venerable cathedral had undergone very few channes in the hnife of four whole centuries, and that his beloved college had haidly iJ.- faed ary'ataU. receive the .5« through the lame h.ft trie vlafs winch lie provided; he would even find the image of his celeftial patronels, at the great doo V ' f fe in the nieh in which he had placed it. In the centre of o.tr etty the beau.ilul Zbl erofs raifed nr ancient times, remains untouched, as do levcral other ilatues and paintings about the cathcdi,.! and clfewhcre, befides that above-mentioned, finally, niany inllitutions of cha.‘hy o, religion which have elfewhere been frvallovved up preferve rn this neighbourhood the feint and mamicrs of remote ages. Of this naiure is thecclebnited hoipital of .t. Ct Js. withi,i unSriL-hfr. whieh, though involved in the general lentiurceof diflohuion m the reign ot ?he all Hruryi fome means or other, efcaped the gnpe of h.s .nlatiabie avarice, as hkewile Ihe more dcil^a.re f.maticilm of the grand rebelfion, and remains to tins day, as I have Ihewn in ray remarks on one of your former umbers,+ perhaps the mod perfect Ipecimcn of ruch an ancient reliniousinffitufion, that is to be met with in the kingdom. The venerable ehu, el, belonging to this hofpital, the greater part of which is of th pondc.ous Q' ;c rpma-kable other things, for the ancient monumentb of the dLtvd, the b a fihiesh^n S rhiich are in excellent prefervaUon.§ The moll defeiving of not h amoiv’ll thefc, oi many accounts, is that with which you have here prelemed the public; "ft on hount of its five, which is near 8 feet by ij and a hall; and, on amount ol its f,mat,on hhh isintheverycentreof rhechuveh; and ydly, on account ot its emblems, ornaments, and infeription. In fad, this in, niiment was placed to the memory of a ),erlon ot no ordinary merit either with refpea to the public at large, or to this liofpital of St LroJ, in particular. Jobnde Cumpdtu was the gr.md vicar and confidential friend ot the illuilrious 7/ pbp who conllittitcd hini arclidcacon of Surrey, and appointed liim one of the executors of his aft will, with a bequeft of plate to the value of filty poutids, and an equal Ihare with h.s lix othei exehtors the iL of one thoulaiid pounds. Amongil other great and beneficial v. orks m which this excellent judge of merit availed hlmfeir of the talents and uitegnty of p'f'p, was the refoimation ot the two holpitals adjoining to 77 Waiy/fr, that ot St. sVury AlngdoLu on the dowtts and this of the holy ctofs, winch lie fuecclfivcly took m hand and happily e.xe- cuted. The former of theie undertakings was cotnparaUvely an ealy ta k thoiigl, even hat nut him to the trouble ot two vifitations, in both of which he employed John de p.up.en uu L agent ami reprelentafivc. j] The latter was the work of feycral ye.ars, owing to the imwoi- thy ans of ditferait perfons who fueecffivciy transterred this uenelicc irom one to the ot.ie., I „r rtundai., in tliis city founW I.y dpp tlie ptpjpp tyieei, liygerrf juIxmencehevonJarniiarciUl-lillimcntsandwascxeuiptcd (rom the general lenience ot dillolution by a p.r. charter of Hairy XUl. bee iV.;>tol- The L 48 1 The legend on the fourfidcs of the Brafs, beginning at the crofs. Credo quod redemptor incus I'hit, ct in noisijjimo die de terra furreSlurus fum, ct rurfum circumdabor pellc mca, ct in came men 'cidebo dciun fahatorem mciim, quern vijurusfum ego ipfc et ocuU mci confpidiiiri Junt ct non alius rcpofita cjl luce fpcs mca in finu meo. The epitaph at the feet. Hie jacct fohannes de Campden quandam cujlos ifius hojpitalis, cujus anmev propitictur T)cus. Some years ago a plan was propofed to take down this venerable monument of Saxon archi¬ tecture, in order to lave the expence of keeping it in repair, and of creCting a fmai! chapel in its place. Happily this parliinonious fcheme, to which fo many other ancient and noble edi¬ fices in this city or neighbourhood have fallen a facrihee, did not take elTeCt, and juftice de¬ mands, in lavour of the preient malfer,* an acknowledgment that he fpares no expence in putting the building into conipleat and lafling repair, or even in embellilhing it with proper ornaments. On this ItibjeCl I mulf not forget the beautiful painted glals which has lately been put up, at his expeuce, in the welfern window of the church, and which cannot fail of at- traCling the attention of tlie cuiious vifitor of Cambdcn'% monument. A rich azure cuitain of painted glafs, edged with yellow, furrounds the upper part of the window in vvhicli, amongftotherarms, are emblazoned thofeof the king, the prince of IFalcs, the tirfh andfecond founders of tlie liolpital, namely, Dc Biois cardinal Beaufort, and in the centre the crofs of theholpital. Thefe arc of the modern manufactory of itained glals; the lower pannels are filled with five figures of ancient workmanfhip, which- reprelent (beginning on tlie right liaml) a female figure, probably St. Margaret, then St. fobn the Evangefiji, next an unknown bilhop, afterwards the blelled virgin, and laftly a mutilated figure. Under this \^'indow, and 'll a light immediately over the door, the benelaCtor’s own arms and cypher are emblazoned. Yours, (See. St. Peter's Il.i/fe, Vl'htchejler, May 29, 1792, ^ Doiflor Lvekmcm, JouN Milxlr. 4 - 4 . b W tpg ^ tfcuU lupi ronCyectun Ctutt repo(ue Ht tper Zyts inca\n.^mii meo ■ t 49 ] *The Marriage fasjiippofedj o/HENRY VI w;V(6 MARGARET of ANyOU. From aFac* Simile of a Painting on Glafs in the P'ojfejjion of Mr. Fletcher, Oxford, Dcfcribedhy Richard Gough, Efq. F. A. S. Drawn 1792. This painting was formerly in a window Rollwright church, in OxfordJJoire. The dirpofition of the figures agrees with the painting on board of the fame fubjeft in the library at Strawberry Hill, engraved in the “ Anecdotes of Painting,” Vol. I, p. 36. The king’s head and atti¬ tude bear a great refemblance. The man with the hawk on his fifl in this glafs feems to have been made up of late years by fome common painter in the country, perhaps to maintain a greater conformity with the other piflure. The dreffes in the glafs painting may feem of an older date, nearer the time of III, particularly the girdle of the figure behind the king, to which that of the falconer is made to correfpondj the edge of the king’s robe, and the reticu¬ lated head-drefs of the queen. The king’s garment here is plainer, and his haircut defer; the pried has no marks of an epifcopal charader, and brings the hands of the parties together, without placing the pall over them. The queen’s fuppofed mother has nothing here to diftin- guifii her, unlefs we fhould be difpofed to transfer her character to the furthermoft old figure, who appears much agitated with the queen’s change of condition, or perhaps may rather fuit her nurfe.* The other two females may be ladies of her fuite. The lady taken in the Straws berry Hill painting for Ja^ueline, Duchefs of Bedford, has here no marks of widowhood, and her fuppofed hufband is reprefented as too old for the “ goodly young knight,’’ her fecond huf- band. The queen’s robe is embroidered with rofes in both paintings, though they are finaller in this than the other \ fhe feems to hold a feeptre in her hand, though it mud be confefied it may alfo be taken for one of her ornaments, as the female figures of thofe times frequently hold their cordons in one hand. The folds of the ecclefiafiic’s habit terminate in this painting as thofe of the queen’s habit in the other. As to the “ prominence of waifl,” taken notice of in the queen by the noble author of the Anecdotes of Painting,” it feems to apply fo ftrongly to the fecond lady behind her in this painting, that I am rather inclined to think that it was the tafte in old paintings to give a kind of turn to the body of their female figures, as all thofe paintings have this kind of turn. When I firft faw this glafs painting it had a head In curled hair and a cap, over the figure with the hawk, and a head with ftrait hair over the fuppofed nurfe or mother; but neither of thefe heads had any thing charafteriftic about them. Having thus purfiied the comparifon of thefe two paintings, it remains that we endeavour to trace the fubjedt and deflgn of the prefent. The marriage of Henry VI with Margaret of Anjou was celebrated in the priory church at Southuoick.^ She was conduiled into England by William, marquis and earl of Suffolk, great mafier of the king’s houlliold, who had contrafted the marriage, and to whom was left the place to which {he was to have tranfmitted/zr the expence of her parents.X “ The ryng of gold, garniflied with a fayr rubie, fometime yeven unto us by our bel oncle the cardinal of England, with the which we were facred in the day of our coro¬ nation at Parys,” was “ delivered unto Matthew Fhelep to breke, and thereof to make an other ryng for the queen’s wedding ryng.% The reward to Richard Andrewe, for attending her over, is dated May 5, 1 445,§ and that to F'homas Adam, captain of the fhip called Cok Johan, of Charbo^ rough, for bringing her over, bears date June 9, fame year.f She was married to the king April 22, 1445.** For the performance of this ceremony at South-wick, Mr. Carte, II, 725, cites a MS in*the Herald’s College, N, 45. Bifhop Fafiner [Not. Mon. 162.] fays the Priory of Aiijiin ca¬ nons founded by Henry I at Portchefer feems to have been foon after removed to Southwick, where it continued till the diflblution. Their pofTeffions lay in the county of Southampton, at Fljhburne, in Sufex, and at Clanfeld, in Oxfordfire ; this laft place is on the edge of Bcrkjhire, not far from Radcct Bridge and Lechlade, and in an oppolite corner of the county from Roll- wright. The church of Clanfeld hd[ov\gtdi \.o Elnjlow BedfordJhire,f\ and all the intereft priory had in it was free warren by grant of Edward II. The Premon- ftratenfian monks of FitclfeldAo not appear to have had any property \\\Oxfordffire.^\ • FabianW^^ fays Henry was married at Southwick-, the date of the month of the queen’s arrival andmarriage 1445, are left blank. Grrt//o« fays flie landed at and was married at Southwick, i\\ April i444.5f^ So Hollmgjhead,*** and that file came ioLondonM.\y 18. In Kenned s Complete Hifiory of England it is faid fhe landed at Port/moutb in the beginning of April; from thence fhe was conveyed by water to Southampton, where having refied a few days {he was conveyed to the abbey of Fychfeld, and there married April 22, 1445. In a note on this pafiage we are told {he was married at Southwick, The reftory of Little Rollwright belonged KoEynffam Abbey, and has been private property throughout the prefent century. The parifii church is a mean building in a valley, with little more than a fingle farmhoufe. Great Rollwright reftory belongs to Balhl College. If an objection to this painting, reprefenting the marriage of Henry VJ, be drawn from the dreffes, as more conformable to the time of Edward III, there are ffronger objedions to ilie ap¬ plication of it to the marriage of that prince with Philippa of Hainhault at fork. That is an Lbitrary reprelentation of a royal marriage; or of a marriage in wfyeh one of the parties \yas royal, feems out of difpute. If we give up the idea that it was celebrated in England will it fuit * The queen’s dry nurfe [nutrixfecal tefiroik had a yearly allowance of two hogflieads of wme, 1445. Ry~ mer, index amr. MStorum, p. 92. f Speed, 6S4. Sandford, 299. f The order for this purpofe, dated at IVejlmm- fler, Oftober 28, 1444,may be feen \n.Rymer, jci, 74 § lb. where may be feen the nuptial prefeiits, gold tablets, fpidturesl cups, ouches, and e.ipfer [purfe.] ^Ciarboroitgh, Dorfet, not Cherbur^b. f 85 ** Ibid. -H- ‘Tanner, p. i. 2. Bacon, Liber Re^is, p. 804. Tanner, p. 162. §§ Ib. p. 166. {|[| P. 398. P. S9*- ii 625. v.p. 369, lays/he did not come to iswg/flni/till May that year, and was crowned the 30th ot that month. The marriage was celebrated at Tours in November, (ib.) and propoled at A’owy. Sandford, 299. tTf h 394- better [ ;o ] • , 1 . r V with Catherine durance at Ihroyei in that kingdom. Ik is believed better w.th 't Ox/ir,/. and a portrait cf him. with another of his undb to from the \vinclows of ibme college chapel was in the colleaion of Mr. I^letcb- Cardinal ^ tracin'^madeof this marriage. But againft this idea the uuwarlike and ab- er at the time 1 had a ^ powerful objedion. In fuch uncertainty conjeediire can oidy d’o’imrbcfl, aU leave probabilities to the variety of opinions which will be tormed coiiceriiiiig Ihem. - I I - STATUES in t!x Screen entering inte, the Choir of York C.vtiiedrai.. Defer,bed by the Mfv. Mr. Milner, F. A. S- DraitTi 1790. ® ‘ You have here chofen a fubjecT: which is well worthy the attention of tlie .-a-,,,, of a retrular feries of the ftatues of our monaichs, from curiousantiquary, coni 1 o f ? ^ ^ enriched with the Conqueror down to Hw y V ^ lingular chiteaure, the fcrecil which is placed at the choir of the gate cf the nifie-cntpeceof Gothc 1^^^ however, it did not originally belong, having been traiifported Cathedial of o ■ ’ church of St. Mery, in the fame city, founded by St. Ojiea/J, from it^sriv-al fabiick he . b y the purpofe of forming a colony ot Ins favorite "" h o?’’Flrn svhb tk regu^ continued to be lerved by recuiar canons, monks of F h vUlhits the figures of the conqueror himlelf and of his two ions and luc- The prelent plate " 7' ""“S^^.^'w-ith thekrms of tlieir reigns, are painted on tlie cefibrs, (:{■ g The'abbreviations w'hich occur in the plate are thus to be Frmut, Annu gy,. pincrdom by foreigners was a fevere misfortune and difgrace to its h "babhk.^ i wa ite fame Le th? fource of their liibfequciu prolperity and lame, native inhabitants, it w. ^ denreffed by Danifi fervilude, wanted that Ipur which The huercku-fe with the mod aftive, refined, high l|iirited people in Europe. n-l c(I drew he mod eminent icholars, artifts, and warriors trom the continein into pie conqued drew Eiwlini became the rivals in arts and the mailers m faience ‘’’d" aroroV hk^l bom From that period a new dyle cf refinement and 'kc ke am cars n °the puhbe monuments, both facred and profane of our ancedms, and magnificence ‘ Fnalithhave ceafed to tremble for the iafetyof their own coalls, but, :;khtkkta^ to every hodileihore, ur.der whatfoever "'“Fkk,,, the r.xth duke of NortnanJy from the famous Rol/o. and tlie fird king of Ungkni M 7////w;;;thehxih ctuK j feries of profperous circumfinnces, was enabled to that name, by ""ikaitima e b rk, andk loofe his former till, of BaJlarJ tn rife fupenor to .'c^ am crirue Tei = ^ to his talents, yet he never entirely that of Coneiueror. H.s vices ^ d crimes n p ^ flifled his inbred reverene f J ^ niad“e upon bis^dcath bed, as Itkewife to many ihlilrng did and penitent tedament, which he made upon founding acds of piety and virtue 7**7^ t * w a vek ^adequate atonemeiu for the blood he rliere a datelyabbey m •''d/kt/MTfok’veTvksihfa kry eMion a public confeffion of guilt, and flied in gratification of h s “‘’’k u charity. How many of thofe who ridicule a lignal ’’"‘“fs'of'nad kMare novJ guilty of crimes without any atonement at all! He was the atonements o P“kE ’ , ,„q®fou,kcd at Caen, in Normandy, where his mortal remains buried in the ,h ^fter thelols of the battle of Dreu., in [%t kokkkitoWs tomb and fcatte'rcd abroad h.s bones, fame of which, Stota tells us. were bkiight over to Erg™./. rod.headed, was endowed with all the bad qualities which mSMftyrauq^ bounds of decency whdd his father, and even 7rkr edirfareligion fa far as, on fame oc- good Archbiibnpot Canter ary, bvmg. f “ however cut off in the midd of his im- hfions, to iwear he would become a Jew.f He Richard! and his pious career by a fiidden death, lu the iV« ^J^kave ekfa.cd their father’s criti.e in de- Jiephew hlefiry, the fon ot Rderf^ \^ere . g received diverfe iiuimctlons that vciy day populating that count,y. We are told tba ^ had from bunting till after of his approaching fate, an t la , m ^ ^ j-j monkiUr predidtions, be called . The fper where the butte ef tTafin;, wu fought, fo called by the Conqueror i„ ho aforefuj reftame.it, ,n couro ’"'rkuuv'o' and Bot,r. fpeet of Bf.. as 1;-"1! 7, J”"' "'■ f‘»’ fallowik ,„fanprlo„-.xfa„.r 'inihilmiConqufJivrisFUlui'd Bcrma Dux. § Mat. Pam. [ 51 ] in aninfti^nt tlie arrow of the latter, glancing from a tree, was hurled in the monarch's breaft The royal corple was conveyed for burial to tVinchefter, in the cart of a charcoal-maker, of tile name of Ftirhjs, whofe defcendants, of the fame name, ftill live on the fame fpot, follow the fame profeflioil, and, till within the memory of feme perlbns living; preferved the axle-tree of the atorefaid cart, when, on a particular occafion, it was burnt into a bag of charcoal. The oak-tree, from which the fatal arrow glanced, was in being till within about fifty years ago, ■when it was replaced by a {lone monument, with a fuitable infeription. In telfimoily of the Divine juftice this tree was fuppofed by the inhabitants of the foreft to biid forth leaves every Chriftmas-day; and unwilling to lofe the benefit of the coilconrfc of people, whom this reported prodigy ufed to draw togetlier, they have endeavoured to transfer the credit of it to another tree at the confidcrablc diftaiice from the former. In the civil wars the tomb of Riiftit in our cathedral, was violated by the foldicrs, and a valuable ring taken out of it. Hfxry Beauckrk, the thii'd flalue in the prefent feries, in his early years applied himfeif to li¬ terature and there is little doubt but that he went through the ufual ceremony of receiving the clerical habit and tonfure, and that, therefore, he was, in the ftriaeft fenfe of the word, a clerk • accordingly we find his brother Robert, on a particular occafion, when he was his pri- foner’lamenting that he fhould receive the treatment he complained of, from a cowardly clerk-,* whatever his learning might be, he was certainly an able monarch; being himfeif born an En- elifhraan His wife aim was to make the EngVifh forget that they tvere a conquered people. With this view he took to wife Matilda, furnamed Molde the good qaeen,-\ the daughter of St. Marraret of Scotland, and the lineal defeendant of Edmund Irmfide, who having taken the reli¬ gious veil in the royal abbey of St. Mary, at Winchefler, when over-ruled m her mchnations in favour of a life of contlnency, file is faid to have predifted the misfortune of her offspring; which prediaion was thought to be fulfilled in the death of her only fon mllmrn, who Was drowned on the coall of France. Amoligft her other pious foundations was the church of St. Giles with an hofpital adjoining to it, then at a confidcrablc diftancc from London, though now maki’ne part of it Rudborne reports that fhc was interred in the Holy Hole at IVmcbeJter, and brings demonftrative proof of it; though other hiftoriaus fay Ihe vv.rs h^nti zsWefimmfter. The eccicfialliol tranfaaions of Henry's reign are fliamefully mifreprefented by Hume and other modern hiftoriaus, amongft whom is one who had opportunities of knowing better J The above-mentioned deiftical writer may be excufed for not underftanding the controverfy about ccclefiaftical inveftitures, which when reduced to its proper lhape, was precilely the queftmn, whether temporal princes enjoyed any right of commiffiomng the prelates of the church to preach the gofpel and adminifter the facraments ? But nothing can excufe his >nju( ice in morefenfme the zeal of Anfelm sni other churchmen again ft the luxury m drefs and the laf- civioufnefs of the times, as having no other objeSs in view ttan curtailing the length of the hair and of the points of the (hoes of their cotemporar.es. The declamation alfo of modern writers againft tlie Crufades is highly unworthy of the intelligent and the thoughtful; fince nothing is more clear than that thefc enterprizes, by employing the Saracens ... the eaft, pre- vented^them from fucceffivcly over-running the different kingdoms of Europe.Jafk forty years after the connueft of England by the Normans, Henry led an Englift army into Normandy snivn- duced that country into the form of an Englillr province. In thefamecountry tins kmg breathed his laft- but, in compliance with his will, his body was conveyed to the abbey he had founded a Rwiw, after having been wrapped up in feveral bullocks’ hides to prevent mfedfion. A few years Lgo, in digging up the noble ruins of this famous abbey m order to eredt on the fame foot a piifon, a Licton was difmterred, round which a confidemble quantity of leather w”s difeovemd, and which therefore prob.ably were the remains of this once potent monarch. ?hur in our days, the moft contemptible and fordid avarice gives frequent oecaficu to the fame facrileges agaiwl the dead, which have been caufed by the rehg.ous and political enthu- ‘'''yofobfovTsl. that it is a fubjea of regret amongjf^ antiquatles. that no original regal dreffes have been preferved down to our times, and you think that the prelent “''^lon of rovalftatnes. which are the only authentic ones of the kiiid, except thofe on the tombs of •Tohn ztWorceller, Ed-mard W, si Gtocejhr, Henry \W, si Canterbury, Henry m, RtehardU, Fd,„ard\l\ and Henr-i VII, at IFeJiminJier abbey, may, m fome degree, repair that lofs. That thlrftatue; are"e7daccUngtofa^ of the royal robes of this count,'yq at the tune be ,he» were carved Hemy V. that being the laft ftatue m the colkaion, with altention to The cu foms of pSetig timJs, I have no n^uner of doubt; yet the Conqueror - nmvei^lly tne rnnnm . J j moderate ftature, but of an enormous groffiiefs. ITiiliaa If k nUo fSi to ha^e b en^fquare built, and inclining to be fat; whereas the ftatues before uf ffthem bf f We are well affuted likewife that t e A>- both before and after the Conqueft, (haved their faces and even their upper bps, on Xh the Englifli were accuftomed to let the beard grow, and that they wore their hair fhor , ke moriL Now all the three ftatues before us exhibit long beards and no mconfiderable of tityofhair. Eelieving our ancient fculptor would not have recoutfe to fiaion, (as h.s tuc- ceeding^ftatues correfpond with thofe on the tombs (uft mentioned) we have bejore usjism- ceeaing „„„ r;,. b-nnwleclffe of their portraits at the time he flouriflied. Thai Henry '^'""“have wn his hair long is not unlikely from Hnfe/m’s exclaiming againft that cuftom bc- may * » Tcrmvns Clericus” Met. Paris. - 5 - 7homas Rudhrne, Htji. Maj. IVint. The late hiflorian of Abelard account of fimilar fore [ ] fore hinted at, and that at oiie time or another, they may have had iony heads of hah and beards, and at another fmooth faces, and their hair like monks; fo changeable is fathion ! The drefles in queftion are entirely robes ofllatc, tVitlioiit any difplay whatloever of armour, and in a certain degree I cfcmble the ornaments of churchmen; I remark in particular the Capa or cope with a Capudum , refembling a monk’s cowl for occafionally covering the head. This is highly proper and charaaereftic, as we gather from the well-known account of duke Ro- fc-r's death, which proceeded from indignation at dilcovermg that the Icarlct cope which had. according to an annual cuftonl, been rent to him by his brother Hi-my; had firft been tried on by him “and rejeded on his finding that the capucium was too fmall to receive Ins head.* The drefs of the Conqueror is the mod fimplc of the three, and, yet the edge of Ins out- fvard garment is Iludded with precious flones, and his girdle, wliic’h is handiomcly difpofed and fafteiicd with an ancient buckle, appears to be inlaid with a firing of ornaments m the iliapc of hearts. His tunic or jerkin is fecn, under the neck, to be ciirioully laced and faften- cd His crown is mutilated, and his hands, with theenfigns they contained, are deraolilhed. The only damage which the figure of Rufui has received is in the feepter, which is broken off juft above the left hand, whilfi the right bears the fword. His robes, both interior and ex¬ terior, together with his girdle, appear to be richly embroidered; and in the brochc upon his breiifi’isa reprelentation of two figures, which I have fuppofed may be intended ior Jaai Healing the blcfling of his elder brother from their father IJaac. The moft remarkable tiung, however, in this ftatue is the bag tied up with taflhls at the corners, fufpended from the neck by two firings; this you think may be a charm; but may it not rather be intended for the fatchel to contain the great feal, which being loft by his minificr Flavlbard^ there was a necef- lily of replacing it with another during his reign? Or may it not teprefent a money bag, to denote the rapacious and facrilegious difpofition oi Rujus? 1 mention thefe conjeaures for want of better, which I fliall at any time be glad to hear. I mull not forget that the hole of this prince arc carefully difplayed, of which we may luppofc he was not a little vain, from his finding great fault with a pair of them which were unexceptionable in every other rclpea ex¬ cept that they did not coft money enough.f , A piece of the crown of Henry is broken off. His robes appear to be ftill richer tlian thofc of his brother. What is moft remarkable in them is tlie brochc or ornament on the bieaft, re- irrefenting the Annunciation, and the girdle placed remarkably low, on which arc embroidered; j ft, a bilhop and a prkft, probably St. Pmilimis, the firft archbilhop of Tork-, adly, the Afceii- fion of our L.ord, with the marks of his feet on the rock; gdly, a bifliop between two monks; lu-obablv St. O / daU , founder of St. Marys; and qthly, the Afi'umption of the Blcffcd Virgin. t b J • v j St. Peter’s Houfe, Wintont Fel >. z ( s , 1792. John Milner. STATUE wi the Top of the Monumental Chapel of the Holy Trinity, sii tbe North Side of . the Choir of the Abbey Church at Tewkesbury.' „ tyysp. This ftatue reprefents EJ-marJ \oid Defpencer, who was fon of EduiareDori Defpcncer, who was fon of Edouard lord Defpencer, who was brother of Hugh Defpence, who was hanged at Hereford. The monumental chapel of the Holy Trinity, on the louth fide of the choir whereon it is placed, was eredled to his memory, by Ills widow Elizabeth.\ Mr. Brooh, in his defeription of the paintings in the windows over the clioir of this church, in No! 22 and 23 of this work, has given fomc account of a Thomas lord De/pencer, with the fame arms on his furcoat as on this ftatue; the fame arms likewife occur on the Ihrcoat of the ftatue on the fine monument on the north fide of the choir, by the altar, called the monument of the duke of Clarence, who was at the fiimous battle fought here, and afterwards drowned in a butt of wine by order of his brothers, Edocard IV and Richard duke of Glocejler-, but the ftyle of the monument, and the drefs of the ftatue, are of a much earlier period. The im¬ probability of fo fplendid a monument being fet up to the memory of a traitor, as he was de¬ clared, induced the editor to examine the monument with attention, and on clearing the ftatue found the Defpencer arms cutdeep on the furcoat, for thepurpofe of letting in the different co¬ lours for their greater durability. The ftatue before us rather inclines towards the altar, and the engravingpartly gives a fide view. It is called here, tbe famous Earl of IVarockk, flain at the battle of Barnet.% Sir Robert Atkins and Mr. Rudder in their hiffory of Glocejler, call it by the fame name; but they never had tlie curiolily to examine it. The editor having his doubts as to the propriety of fuch an appellation, (for the fame realbns as of the monument above-mentioned) got on the top ot the chapel, and, * ALit. Paris. 'i' Here our fculptor proves his adherence to hifloric fadts. 1 Sec a little pamphlet puhliflieil at Tmkcjbury. § This miflake arit'es from a flone laid before this chapel laid to belong to PiJsaid eail of If wmI . but in reality to Richard Beauchamp) earl of If'arwick, 1421. arccf [This e[fdV ivill he completed in the next number, and the dejeription of the fourth Plate, “ Sculptures from vom v Parts of Yorkfliire,” are cl/U^ed lo be deferred till the number is pubiyhedyiehUh zvill be jonu in - M >1 [ 53 ] .wu, .. ..i. unuzi luc ai ms IS me interwovcn doufale chain j the mall appear- ing belowthe lurcot (the bottom of which is fcolloped) is of the fimple kind the finele Cham. As there was no colouring on the armour, it may be fuppofed it was intended for . o --iL wasi nuenaea tor white armour, but wlietlier lilver or white enamelled is uncertain. The flatue is as larire as the life, and fupported by two plinths; over it was a light Gothic canopy of arched work but being much decayed it was taken away feme years ago. ’ This being a knight, attended the Black Prince at the battle of Psiaiers and con¬ tinued in France feveral years, being in the retinue of the Duke of Clarence* H^lad fum- mons to parliament from 3 i to 39 of Edviard III, and died in his caftle of Caerdijf on Mar- tomur day, 4.9 Ed-uiardUl, 1375, having previoutly made his w'M at L/anielilan. Elizabeth his wife, daughter to Bartholomew de Biirgberfl, died 1409, and was buried near her hufband under a gravcllone, on which her figure in brafs, now gone. By her he had one Con, 1 homo's Earl of Glocepr, who married ConHance, daughter of Edmundoi Lantley, Duke oi York and was beheaded at Brijiol, i Henry IV, and four daughters. ’ SCULPTURES yre//; Parts of YORKSHIRES. Defcrihed by Richard Gough, Efb, p- A Tly-rnnei., ^ F. A. S. Drawn 1790. South View of afculptured STONE, in CONISBOROUGH Church Yard. On the top of this Eone coffin are rudely fculptured figures of that arbitrary grotefque kind with which our early monuments and church porches are charged, as to give an example out of many, the porch of St. Margaret's church at York, in No. 23 and 24 of this woik. Tlie two fmgle figures at the end may, by a ftretch of fancy, reprefent the Converfion of St. Paul. On its fide is St. Mtchal and the dragon, as before defcrlbed at Southwell, in No. 25. The figure with a crofier and elevating his right hand, as to give the benedidion, may, in the charaaerof a biffiop, reprefent the Chrifiian church, or religion, defended by the archangel from the devil who is vomitting out farpents, the emblems of herefy againft her defender. * North Side of Ditto. Adam and Eve, with the tiee and tempter, are clearly difcernable. The whole of the work is of a piece with the carvings in the caftle, which have been partly engraved in the new edition of Camden's Britamiia,\\\, pi. II, p. ^2, from a drawinz bv the late Mr. fofiab Beckwith, of York, F. A S. South View of a SCULPTURED STONE of Roman Work, on the Side of the Roadfrom Pontefra£l to Ferrybridge. In a nich is reprefented an eagle with expanded wings. Eajl and North Sides Are charged with a patera, ftar, and fcroll work, IVf Side. On it a naked figure with hands uplifted, either tied up for martyrdom, or raifing a ftone to throw- Three Tides of a crofs in a field between Ferrybridge and PontefraB, called the old crofs from PontefraB, at the corner ot a lane leading from New Hall, are engraved on the fame plate of the Britannia above referred to, from a drawing by the fame artift, but it is not likely they ffionld be the fame with thole here exhibited. BASSO RELIEVO fupporting a Nich on the Front of an ancient Building at Beverley. In the centre is an armed knight, with his fword and ffileld, in a wood attacking a wild boar or wolf, which feems to have put to flight a man, who is retreating behind the knight. In a tree is fome fair damfel, whofe fate, perhaps, depends on the iftue of the combat. If we could fuppofe the ftory of Hercules Jlrangling the ferpents was known to or adopted by our monaftic fculptors, we might apply one of the larger figures to it, and, on as good ground, the other to tlie ftory of Saturn devouring his child. * Frcijfart calls him « a great baron anti a good knight.” DugdaU's Baronage, J, 395, 396. A SCULP- A SCULPTURED STONE fkc:i’n [ 5 + ] the Wdl of thi Vcjlry f the Churcli at WciiQey Dale. matter. ■D ■ r n rhCs in a irindo-iv of the Anti-Vihrary o/" ALL-SOULS COLLEGE, Oxford. Midnek, /. . Lttcr to the Editor. Bra.n ® Yon have here prefented us with a masnificent portrait ami the only one which is known to ea.lL of the famous >&;, the fourth Ibu of Edomrd III, who, from the place of Hs birth! was furnamed of Gfenr. or. as our ancellors fpclt Qaunt. to favoui the.r ptonun- “ifLIinlpIffibk t'llly prin^ more nearly allied to the crown without aaually at- jLwasjuii' ui ] i_ niipninn heino- the ion of a kinsr, the hither of a kmsr, t-iinino-to jt than was the prince in queiuon, ucuiq cut, j . . ® n i c taimn^ioj, f , of this hitter circnmflance, namely, of his hwil AIII^ild tire lawful heirefs of Pert,-, king of Leon, thru he alfumed he tide and ho.tovns of thofc kittgdoms. which he endeavoured to iupport by an Enghlh army thit he led iutu thole countrtes. In the end, however, he made peace w.th Ins r.va Hey. and quitted his pretenfions to royalty on receiving a large turn of money, with othci adtaiitages. ^ In the plate before us he weals a regal crown, having the globe and crofs m h s right hand and the feepter in his left. His mantle is faced with ermine, and faffened under his chin with Trich broach ; the remaining part of which, and his under garment, are ot a blue colour, and hrgeoully rich. The hair and vvhilkcrs are Ihort, and the beard ,s divided and terminates in two foints. The figure Hands upon a pavement formed ot Imall fqoares. which is lupported by a Ldefial of rich work. Under this occurs the hifcription, m the charaaers and abbieviationsof the a;rc, which is thus to be read, "Johannes Rex Hijpanta Dnx Lancajina. There feems no doubt, from the Ifile of the inlcnption, that the portiait you have copied was executed in John of Cauntd lifetime, asby the above-mentioned treaty, which ook place ten years before his death, he formally renouneed all title to the crown of Cf.Ie It was pro¬ bably placed atCollege, OM. by archbllhop C/oicWiy, the founder of his college, who owed his firfi preferment, that of the bifiropne of St. Duuii/s, to Henry IV, the tortunate fon of the aforefaid duke of Lancajlcr. I am, &:c, St. Peter's TloufCy JVinton, May 1, 1793. John Mtlner. STATUES in the Screen entering into the Choir of York Cathedral. Dejcnhea in afecond LetterJroni the Rev. Mr. Milner, to the Editor. [Continued from Page 52.] rinnn the fWth of /Av/rv 1. a cafe occured which was more than fufficlent to puzzle the na- tio^in .t oo e and mifetUd Itate in which the laws of fucceflion then were. On one hand, thT^mprefs Hat,Ida. or Molde, alias Maud, laid claim to the crown, as the only furviving ly.ti- „ ItrilTue of the latcking; on the other hand, Srepfon challenged it, in right of his mother-i.;/r/u daughter of the Conqueror. If the former enjoyed the advantage of having already received Sihs of alleviance, during the life time of her father, from the nation in general, the latter had Sa of obtaimng prior poffeflion of the throne, and of convincing a majority of the grandees and bithops, tha? k was imprudent to eftablifla a new precedent m admitting a woman to rule Ler them It was owing partly to a degree of incertitude^ with reipca to the right of reign¬ ing, and Hill more to Stephen'o violating the ample promiles he made at his acceflion and on thi other hand, to the h'uightinefs of temper which Maud difplayed, that the whole kingdom was tom to pieces with civil war. during feven.een out_ of nineteen years of the former retp. But though the devaftation was general, no place fullered o mph as the c. y of IMnche/ty which, from the days of Egbert, had continued the acknowledged capital of tte kingdom; for whilfl: one ofthe contending parties had poflclfion of the eaftern and the otherof the welleriidivi- fion of the city, almoft the whole of it was either burnt or demoliDied It is trp the royal tica- fures continued to be kept at JVinohfcr until the acceflion of ifirW I. who fpnd them there as Rulm and Henry 1 had alfo done, and in Henry IITs reign, the citizens ot this city dilputed the mecedeney with tliofe of London-. iVill, however, it was never able to recover the cple- quences of the dcvallation above-mentioned; and in the firft Eduards time, the title of the prefent metropolis was clearly eitablilbed. t J But to return from this digreflion—Few princes have met with more extraordinary turns of good and bad fortune than Stepbm did. At firft we find him prcffing his female competitor lb clofe as to oblioe her to feign hcrfclf dead, in order to efcape being taken prifoncr; this is laid to have happened at Wmchtftcr caftle. Afterwards we behold him yielding to the force of her arms and aClually her captive. He is then exchanged for the valiant and faithful general and natural brother of the cmprefs, the earl of Gloucejleri and laftly he enters into a compromile with his rival, and is content to poffefs the throne as a tenant for life. Stephen was naturally iuft, as well as valiant, but having yielded to the ftrong irapulle of ambition, m feizing on a crown which he had by oath renounced, he found he could not keep polfelhon of it without violent nieafures, which drew upon him the refentment both of the prelates and the barons, tie was buried, as his queen and fon Eufiace had been before him. at the monaftery M Fe-oerf- ham, which he had founded, not a trace of which now remains. The facT is, ''' 1 ;=" eftablilhnient was diffolved by that monfter of irreligion and barbarifm, Henry VIII, the mo¬ nument of Stephen was demolilhed, and his bones thrown into the Thames, in order to get pol- feflioii of the leaden coffin which contained them—‘ ’Thus J'acrikge; fays Stm, ‘ hke the unjujl it,dee fears not God nor regards men-, it has neither juftice to the hvmg, nor hwnamtj to the dead. Steihen is faid to have been tall and well-proportioned. In the figure before us he bears the remains of the fword alone, without the feepter, perhaps to denote that his whole reign was one feries of war. He is not habited In the full royal drefs, his garments being fhort and reaching only to theknees, which leave his legs and feet expofed, with hofe onthem of one intire piece, as is often feen in ancient drelfes. The crown and right foot are greatly damaged, the beard fhort, he iacket, which is richly ornamented under the chin, is laced m the fame manner as “ the no farther than terminates with an edging of furr at the bottom, and in the fieeves, which reach Conqueror and the elbows, the remaining part of them falling in the nature of hanging ileeves behind. There arc other clofe fieeves, edged with furr, reaching down to the wnfts The man¬ tle is alfo richly decked with jewels at the neck, and hangs gracefully from the (boulders behind beinir faftened by a cordon, the ends of which hang low and terminate in taflels. 1 he girdle. No I which is of a fingular conftruaion. appears to be ftiidded with ornaments of (lone or metal. The thumb of the left hand (luck under this girdle, 1 fufpea, is not without a meaning. On the death of Stephen, Henry II remained without a competitor to the throne, which he afeended with every advantage of nature and fortune. He was certainly the moft powerful prince this nation had hitherto known, as well as^ the moft powerful prince of lus time in Chni- tciidom. Yet M as he not more happy, during his long reign, than his predeceffor Stephen had Peen—if he had more reft from war, he had more domeftlc contentions; and if he was blclied with children, whofe right tofucceed him was unqueftionable, thefe were ever caballing in pri¬ vate or waging open war againft him. With refpeft to his long conteft with his once ftvourite chancellor "Thomas, archbiOiop of Canterbury, 1 fliall add nothing at prefent to what I have faid in a former letter on this fubjedf, except to admonifli the reader not to decide m his own mind, uoon this quarrel, by thelaws and ufages of the prefentday; but remember that the archbifliop was the eftablifhed guardian of the liberties of the church, and that the liberties which he claim¬ ed were fuch as evidently belonged to it at the time we are fpeaking of, and fuch as the king had formally fworn to rel'peft. Henry pofi'efied great talents and many good qualities, but he was unbounded in hisambitioii, his anger, and his fenfuality. Four years after he came to the vrown, having worn it on a public occafion at Worcefter, he depofited it on the high altar of the cathedral there vowing never more to wear it. This calls to our mind the fimilar condua of Canute fete Great at Wlnchelier, after he had ridiculed the flattery of his courtiers m hailing him Lord ot the Sea bv fhewinv them that its waves paid no refpea to his orders orperlon; which feene took place on thefhore at Bittern, direaiy oppofite to Northam, which latter place was the fite ot the ancient Claujentum or Southampton. Dying in his foreign dominions he ordered hlmfelf to be buried in the famous Msey o(Fonte-uraud, on the confines of Potitou, which abbey, founded bv Robert UAbbrilfel in i loo, was the head of an order of the fame name, confifting both of men and women, all of whom were fubjea, in temporal matters, to the abbefs of Fontevraud. VVe have in Matthew Paris, an account of the drefs in which the king was buried, and which is iiuereftiiig in pointing out, as far as it goes, the regal drefs of the time. He “"sus, then, that '■ The day after the king's death, namely, the day after the oftave of St. Peter and “ Paul (otherwife the feveiith of July) he was carried out for burial, dreffed in royal robes, having a golden crown upon his head, gloves upon his hands, fhoes interwoven with gold, and fpurs upon his feet, with a large ring upon his finger, and a feepter in his hand, being girt witn a fword, and the face being uncovered.” - , , , i o • „ In the plate before us we behold him with a graceful perfon and countenance, long flovving robes edged with embroidery, and richly wrought at the collar with rofes and jewels. Upon his breaft is feen the figure of a fwan in her nell. which was, probably, his badge, as it was that of lomeof our other princes. The fword in the right hand is richly ornamented, partet which however, is broken off; and in the left hand is feen the figure of a heart, No. g. which alfo occurs in the recumbent ftatue of Wainfleet. in our cathedral, and in fume other ftatues. This appears either to have been an emblem of Hwir/s piety, in allufion to that paffage m the Pfalms foul it al'ooays in my hands, orelfe to denote that lie died of a broken heart, which was afludlv the cafe, at the undmiful behaviour of his children. But what is particularly remark¬ able in this ftatue, and proves that the artift did not work from fancy, but from the heft in¬ formation and probably from portraits that exifted m his time, is the fhort mantle, richly ld™d Thich we fee round the ftioulders and arms of the king. In faft he is celebrated for having introduced this garment into England, from his paternal dominions of Anjou, from which circumftance he received the furname of Short-mantle, by which he is frequently denoted by our hiftorians. r 56 ] As we have an account of the drefs in which Henry was buried, To we liavc, in the fame hif- torian, an account ot that in which his fon aiid luccefTor, Richard, was crowned, which is the more valuable bccaule it e.X)dains in what certain articles at kail of the royal robes above-men¬ tioned confided, at the time ue are Ipeaking of. Having deferibed the ornaments and mode of procellion of the allillants at the coronation of Richard, the above-quoted monk of St. Alban's goes on—“ They then ihipped him (the king) of all his clothes, except his breeches and hi-. “ Ihirt, which was unlewcd between the fhouklers for the conveniency of annointing. Being “ then (hod ^v^th fandals worked with gold, the Archbiiliop annointedhim khw, upon “ the head, between the Ihoulders, and on the right arm, with prayers appointed for this pur- “ pole. Having then laid a bicded linen cloth upon his head, he placed the bonnet thereon. “ fiaving then clad him with the royal robes, together with the tunic and dalmatic, the arc;.- “ bilhop gave him the fword to fubdue the enemies of the church; which being done, tv “ counts put on his fpurs, and having then received his mantle, he was conjured by the archbi- ” Ihop, on the part of God, not to accept of the royally unlefs he iniend'ctl to keep his oath. “ Then taking the crown from the altar, he delivered it to the archbifhop, who placed it on the “ king’s head ; he at the fime time received the feepter into his right hand, and the royal wand “ into his left.” In this account I lhall only notice the following particulars, firll, tliat the royal robes, as I have Intinrated before, confidered in part of ecclefiallial ornaments, namciv, the tunick and the dalmatick, which are the principal dreifes of deacons and fubdeacons; fc- condly, that the Ipiirs, whicit are the emblems of knighthood, were fixed on, not by the arch- bilhop, but by fccular barons; and laflly, that the king firft took the crown into his own hands, and fo delivered it (0 thearchbifhop, to fignify that he did not hold his temporal power of the church. This circumflance was of the utmoil confequence, at a time when the church had recently forbidden bifliops and abbots to receive inveftitui'e from temporal princes, by the paf- toial llafF and ring, lell it iBould be inferred that temporal authority was held of the cown. I (ay imtning of the glorious exploits of Richard'xw the eaft, or of his unjuft detention, on his return home, which bale condudl drew down the Pope’s excommunication on the authors of it. 1 (hall only oblerve that the greatnels of our hero’s foul was ftill more confpicuous in his dreadful dungeon of ‘TVrW/w, as it is deferibed by Afa/*. than it was in the breach of Aeon and on the jilainsof Pahjline. To compleat his charader tor magnanimity and chriftian hcroilrn, he forgave (when he afterwards fell into his hands) or whatever elfe was liis name, concerning uhich hiftorians difagree, and ordered him to be fetat liberty, who had in- tlicled un him his death wound, and who gloried In the exploit. 1 mull not forget that this reign is not only memorable for the fylvatic depredations of Robin Hood, or oth' 'ajood, but allb for the firft attempt of eftablilhing modern democracy by H'illiam Fitz-Ojhorn, alias Long-Beard, at the head of 50,000 of the rabble of London-. As to the perfou of Richard, he was tall of ftature, ftrong built, with long arms, and a pleaf- ing countenance. In his laft moments, as well as at the beginning of his reign, he exprelled compuiuflion for Ins undutifulncl's to his father, and to preferve the memory of his repentance, he ordered himfelf to be buried in the church of Fontevraud, at the feet of his parent. In the Jlatue before us the crown is a little damaged, and the fword in the right hand broken oft' at the point. No. 3 is the hilt—Only the bottom part of the feepter, No. 5, remains in the left hand. The girdle, which is high up under the arms, is richly wrought. VVe fee the dalmatick open at the lidcs and richly embroidered on the edges, hangingdown below the middle of the leg j under that is leen tlie tunick. The mantle, in the nature of a cope, hangs low from the ftiouMers, and is fallened with a broach reprefcnliiig an eagle, nor can it be doubted but that this was his badge, though pofterity has denominated his courage rather from the lion than the eagle. I am latisfied in my ov\ n mind that the fatchel. No. 4, before him denotes the fame circumftance in his life, as a limilar ornament does in the ftatue of Rufus, namely, his cauling to be made a new broad le.nl, (which this fatchel is fuppofed to contain) after his return from Pale/line, the ligure t)l uhich is to be lean in Speed's Chronicle. On the fame occafion he caufccl himfelf to be a Iccond time crowned, from a iufpicion that his recent captivity might have weakened his royal authuiity, orieiidered his title doubtful. St. Peter's, JPinchejlcr, I am, &c, Aprilz^, John Milner. STATUES i/i the lower Ftcr of the Screen or Facade, at the Wef Front gfExETER Ca niEDRAL. Drawn 1792. In the centre of this (uperb fereen (a mafter-piece of architecture and fculpture) is the weft door, and near the two e.xtremitics of the fereen are two fmaller doors; on the right of the centre door within the fereen is tlie beautiful monumental chape) of Biflnop Grandifon, who was bilhop in the middle of the fourteenth century, the windows lighting which are amongft the continua¬ tion of the clufters of columns fupporting the ftatues. Thefe windows will be Ihewn in the third plate of this colleClion. The upper tier confills of faints, apofties, and martyrs. The lower tier of kings and warriors, fome in uncommonly curious drefles, and fome in ex¬ travagantly rich armour. The angels below thefe ftatues are moft pleafingly varied. No. I. A king; his crown, face, and hands damaged, in a plain drefs, girded round his outer robe. The lupporting augcl a centrical attitude with arms acrofs the breaft. All the an¬ gels ilTue out of the battlements on the top of pedeftals, and the capitals to the columns are of various deligns. No. 2. Nu. A king: Ills crown' and hands damaged, has tlic outer garment wrapped round him. The angel is reiiofing. .r,, difnofition of the hands not accidental, there being “no.";, a king-, his crown and right hand damaged. The angel Is embracing the centre column. , , , ^rirr^A TKp t^refles of thefe four laft ftatues gra- No. 5. A king: his crown and hands damaged The drehe^s ot m^.^ M: orrfirirbttreft'^lThffcrSm^ very mJch damaged, feems, however, to be ^'^.®6°"A^■";;[;^ul^wl^a“c>■ollin his left hand; head and right hand gone. The angel is playing on a cittern. .n. left hand holds a fcroll: round the waift is the No. 7. A rehgious : the head gone the is playing on the crewth, the cord winch proves this ftatue IS def o , J o„es who h.ive mufical inftrumcnts.l flick gone. [Thefe three laft ang 1 epc ?vc that after 5 rrh.fru had damaged the The late Bilhop Lyt/tom j j.™eaftle fort’ified'by Baldwin de Redi)eri,t 3 Ao{Devm- cluirch during the liege which he laid repaired by Bidiop Robirt Workwaft, Jhirc, who had revolted from ' 3 /.^^two’^fuccelfLs, and compleated by Bi- wlio filled the fee from 1150 to I jg, f ■ ,1^^ nave between 1280 and fhop Mrr/W/, between 1.9. and 206 .ge Pope ap- 1293, andhisfucceirorstoEf/w»«f^ 5 /-/ ' for the work This continuation of the nave prapriated the church ot St. Manan. m doubted whether thefe fta- is called indeed Nstium Op«r, 0 ^ g tues decorating the weft froiiN and the weft front, in the middle of the difm, who added the two weftern arc fifteenth century, and cotemporary with tliofe of fourteenth, or whether *cy.“/ft to church, (ivhich aregiven Srllto iLk t'r “ Of thistSfa^rwefe the werkOf .r Cr,,land, mafter of the works under -Abbot V}ton, between 1417 and 1427. 17S9, cind (from the latter) 1792. ^ ^ r ‘n irr^nf anhnnariatt excurlious from the north to the I MUST now P«'£:;= /,„Us of curioftties you have difeovered in brother the immortal Aljred. „,„„„,t;micd to the military fkill, indefatigable watchful- If thefuccefs of war have been the moll triumphant of nefs, and heroical valour of the com^’ataiits .6 according to the Saxm cliro- vicfors. Within the .Pp-“f rjh°". 1 = D nfO! O^rban^^^^^^ at Elkfild, near Reafn,. nicle, he fought ^ i'fc'f- P'™‘“ 'Z' where Ills troops were viaoiiou next g in conjuna.on with his field; after that a moil bloody all the enquiry ot h.ftor.ans, is brother virrciP-and the Dr««, at £/to; , beyond ffiw/y, the ancient feat of the Slanor h- clearly feeil to be Jfndon, which / “J '/f y/J/ „;fh dm. thoufands of his fubjefts, was mily. In ^ ’ ,hts were Ihro^i^ and defeated at Bajng. Hampflnra. flain. After that the royal >>r/'«rs / 1 P ^ -efiigious flaughter on both fides, at had founded for religions women [“/fiad been renewed not long before his time, C'= J’anks of f.^hltmelrcd is deferibed as a feint and a martyr-, and indeed Ins Germany. We obferve alio that Etbelre , winch St. name occurs in certain martyrologie . nfp in the nrecedino- years, namely, in fighting Edmund, king of the Enji that of the above- S^to^e'martyto’as^lnailfed ^y the moll exemplary piety, an inftance of which at the battle of JJendon, Matthew of irejimmfter records. ( 5 ^ ) 1,1 the fi-m-c before ui, (which is reduced to half the fizc df the oiiginai) the king is fecit in his crown ?.id royal robes, pal ticiilai ly his mantle of erraine, with Ins luad and heard dole lhaved . his right hand holds the feepter, which is a little defaced near the top, whilft his right is placed on his breaft in a deiout attitude. Beneath thelegcnd. and probably of the lame date with it, is feen a Ihield, chaigcd with a croix fleurie. ^ i r \ i i VVe next pn cccd fin iher weflward to the abbey of Sherborne, famed for its antiquity and the enifcopal ’di'nily which it once eniojed. aslikewife for the great men it has produced or given feoulture to!amongll the latter of wliicli were Etbelbert and Etbelbald, the two elder hrotliers viid nredeecllbrt of J'.'bof whom we have been fpeaking. Here you hrlf prefent us with a enmifix on a bnttrefs m.ii the w eft: door of the church, remarkable for the ciinoiis difpofition of the crols 'imidrt tlie gothic work, for tlie elegant and devout attitude of tile Blcliid Viro-in aridVor the fivurc of St. 'John witlr tlie open book in his Iiaiid, on wliicIi fome ftriking iiaftkgcof his gofpel, no doubt, was originally painted or engraved, ainongft the many there which inconteftibly demoliftrate tlie divinity of his fuffernig niafter Tlie reiir’inillg part of the plate is filled with fix curious ballo relievos, copied from the un¬ der part of the feats, which heretofore were placed land that as you conjeaurc from tlie drelfts, about theleh.n of /'./...rr./Ill) in the choir of the miiifter, but which are now thrown ahde into tlie north chapel. Thefc kind of carvings, as you rightly obferve, afforded an opportunity of indiihehiv the btirlerque humour of tlie artifts, or of thofe who fupcnntcnded them, at a time what afuavings wcie notknown. Their being placed in obfeure fituatioiis, where they could not be feen during the time of divine ibrvicc, renders the ludicrous nature of many of the fubicas the more cxculitble. Frequently, no doubt, they contained ufefiil fatyr, and alludctl to perlons and tranfaaions well known at the time; fonietimes, like^ our builelque prints, they were the mere effufions of the grotefqtie fancy of the carver. Be tins as it may, we niuft agree in feverly condemning the prepoftcrous condud of the architecT: in bringing iuch ornaments as thefcfrom their proper places, and exhibiting them in the moft coiilpicuous fituations, as 1 underftand has been done in the chapel of Neon College, Oxford. It has been alked why our aocellors agreed in this particular conllruaion of their feats m churches, as whether tlicy are left upright ill their ordinary pofitinn, or revciTcd and let down, they ftill form a icat, though of a diderent fort? To arilwcr this it is neceifary to remark that only on partrcular occafioiii, as when the long leflbns on Holy Saturday were chaunted, it was permitted properly to lit clown in the clioir ■ at tliefe times the feats were reverfed and let down upon tire ledges wlrrcli are provided to iuftain them in tlris pofition. At other times, thole who kept choir were only permitted to fupport tliemfelves in a half ereft pofture, by means of thole fmall Ihelving feats above the carvings, as alfo by refting with tlicir elbows on the upper part or arms of the ftalls. The advantages of this half ereft pofture were, that it was extremely difficult to fall allcepin if, at leaft without falling from the feats, and without the ieats themitlves iiapping down, wlrrch cafe, however, fometimes happens in a drowfyclroir. ^ , The fii'ft cf theie carvings reprelents an old man pulling his beard. In the firlt volume of f pjoe 8, von liave a llory of an anchoret, wlio endeavoured to acquire a loirg beard by pulling it: but as' f have not been able to meet witlr the authorities for this account, 1 (hail continue to regard the prcleiit Iculpture as a pure grotefque reprefentation. No a is a humourous piece. The geefe are hanging the fox; three of them lupport the callows with their bills, whilft the founh is drawing up iheetraMr by thchaltar. In themean while two friars, witli hooks in their hands, are pointing to the fpea.ide ami lurveying it with evident dclivlit. This proves that the reprefentation relates to lonie Icene m winch friars were concerned “thougll what that was it is impoifible now to conjeaure. it is ufual with many antiquaries to confound friars with monks; but the former are eafily dillmguillied, as in tlie prelbiit iiiltance, by tlie form of their habits and capuccs, and by the knotted cords, with whicll tliey are girt. One of thefe friars wears his capuce up, whilft tile otlicr wears it ''°No v is a monfter, to reprefent the devil, flying away with a fair lady, in punilhnicnt of her pride, 'hi-other vices, it is probable her drefs and portrait were known when the camiig was We have here a fchool feene; the mafter is chaftizing one of the boys, wliilft an. other near him is fcratchiiig his licad and crying, either from having received tlie lame punilli- ment, or from the apprchenlion of receiving it; two other boys, with their books in their hands’, have chearful countenances, as not havrng merited the tame fate. , . . No ? The good wife with a flick in her hand, is here bcatmg her hulhand, who is in a very d'iCtdvaiitagcous pofture, and, wdth terror in his countenance, is making a very inelFedtu.d This is a hunting fccne. The hiintfman, girt with a belt round liis outward coat, which is open at the lleeves, is blowing the bugle horn to lummoii his dogs to tlie cliafe of a fine ftag, with branching horns. One of the dogs is in full cry, wliilft tlic other is fceiiting theearth, wliich is full of holes and burrows, into which the hares and rabbits are liaftiiy fcLiddiu'r. in his left hand the liuiitfman bears a long bow, of whicli our ancellors made cfteftual ufe both in the chafe and in battle. I am, &c. jyinchejier, April 30, 1793. Joiirt Milneii. ffomDorjItAi o9q u az Gcyp [ i9 ] PAINTING from the Louterell Psalter. [Size of the Or{ginnl.'\ In the VeJJefJion of Thomas Weld, c/’Lulworth Castle, Dorsetshire. J^efcribed by Gough, Efq . F. A. S. The magnificent folio Pfalter, from whence this painting is felei^ed, confifts of the PfalmS of Dfiu/V, and at the conclufion are many pages of mufic. The margins of the leaves are de¬ corated with an infinity of figures, Tome hiftorical, others playing on a variety of mufical in- ftruments *, many are engaged in uncommon games, and in various feats of archery. The fub- jedl before us is followed by a reprelentation of a feaft, at which thefe dnd other perfonages prefide; there are feveral religious legends, a feries of works of hufbandry, an undefcribable difplay of grotefqueobjedls with an unbounded profufion of oi'namental devices; the whole in rich colouring, parts of which are a maffy gold leaf laid on and fillegrained, and all in the higheft prefervation. This painting is atthe end of the io8th Pfalm, after “ ®lOCinl 3 atff, DominusJ ©nlfcitiiisj lauteteU me fieri fecit.” By this infeription the Pfalter appears to have been the property of Geoferey Louterel, (on oi Robert, and laft baron of that ancient family, who died 25 Edward I, leaving this his fon 21 years old.* He is reprefented in compleat armour, a pointed clofe cap on his head, edged with beads, elbow pieces, gauntlets, knee-pieces, feams to his greaves, his fhoes turned down at his toes, his fpur rowels round. Over his armour a tabard of his arms, and on his flioulders gonfannons charged with the fame, that on his left fhoulder lined with red. His horfe is caparifoned with a cloth of his arms, which are alfo on the back and front of his faddle, and on his horfe's crefl, and on the piece of armour over his face ; the nails of the horfe's flioes are exprefTed. As he fits on his Ifeed, a lady, habited in curled hair with a fillet, a veil thrown back, and a wimple, her furcot charged with his arms impaling Or, a lion rampant, Gules, lifts up to him with her right hand a clofe pointed helmet, furmountecl by acreft of his arms, and two upright bars, and in her left hand fhe holds a pennon of his arms round the point of a fpear. Beliind her is another lady in the fame drefs, holding in her right hand a pendant fhieid of his arms, which are on her furcot impaling Paley of Or and Azure, and on her left arm is hanging, it may be prefumed, the embroidered collar, a ufual prize or favour given by fome lady of diflindlion to her favourite knight, as a charge to him to undertake fome feat of chivalry, which was generally faftened above the knee by fome of the lady’s female attendants. The ladies drefles are alike, the hair combed back on their heads and cUrled at the ears; a fillet of gold beads encircles the head, a red band edges the veil, as a ftilf kind of ornament does the ears. Their boddice, or under drefs, is red, with the furcot of their arms over it. It evidently appears that our knight is arming for fome martial exercife, and as the ladies give their affiftance, it is moft probable for fome tournament in their honour. The embroidered collar round the arm plainly evinces it 5 and, as a ftronger proof, t!ie grand feafi that follows this paint¬ ing, at which the knight and the two ladies are highly confpicuous, fhew that he had been vic¬ torious in his enterprize. It may be obferved, this fpecimen of painting is a valuable acqulfition, as being perhaps the only remaining reprefentation of this noble and ancient cuftom. From the exafl reprefentation of one of the crofles eredted by Edward I, in memory of his queen Eleanor, who died 1298, 18 Edward 1 , drawn in the margin of Pfalm Ixxxviii, it may be prefumed that thefe beautiful monuments of the tafte of that age were much admired, and that the illuminator of the MS was particularly diredted to preferved patterns of them, though he has placed it on a man’s head with a boy (or, by the ftaff in his hand, a cripple) looking to it or to the crucifix on the top of it. Geofferey Louterell's father l)eing a perfon of confequence in the court of Edward I, we are not to wonder that the fen paid his compliment to that prince. In the calendar are regiftered the following obits, the lateft cf which is 1419, 6 Henry V. Eleanor o( Lancafer, countefs of Arundel, iii id. °'jan. 13, 1372. Humphrey de Bohun, earl of Hereford, Feb. xvi kl. 1375, 48 Edward III. He married Joan, third daughter of Richard, earl of Arundel, and died, as Dugdale -j- R 46 Edward III, i6 kal, Feb. Jan. ix Richard, earl of Arundel, 1375, hufbandof Eleanor. April vii id. Joan de Bonn, countefs of Hereford, Ejfex, and Northampton, She was third daughter of Richard, earl of Arundel. § Eleanor lady De la Waire, June xv. kal. fhe was wife of Roger lord De la Waire, who died 44 Edward\\\, 1371. ** This Pfalter came into the pofTcflion of William Howard, whom, from the word Naward fol¬ lowing his name, I take to be William lord Howard, of NaworCb, third fon of Thomas duke of Norjotk, who, by marriage with the heirefs of the Dacres, became pofleffed of that caftle and eftate. He was the fecond fon by the fecond wife. His father, Thomas, married to his firft wife, Mary, daughter and one of the heirs of Henry Fitzalan, earl of Arundel. Lord William died R 1649. The next owner of this MS writes at the end of the calendar Liber Nich. Score burn, ex dono Domince Maria Charleton, de Dartington, Ap, An. Do. 1703. * DuNAti Baronage, i, 7*5. 4 ‘ 3 ' § 16. On [ 6 ° ] On thefi'il blank leaf- Ntcb. Siereburn, Rich. Shireburnf Rfq. of Sfonyhur/i, near Clithero, in the c-uiity of Lanc^Jhr, who was created a baronet 1685, and died 1717. Mary, his only daujhtcr, married, 1709. Thomas, duke of Norfolk, and died 1754, and Elizabeth, only filler of Sir xwc. las, married IViUiam Weld, at Lulworth Cajlle, whofegrandfon, 'Thomas who is t!ie jaie- fent poirclfor of this valuable Pfilter. STATUES in the Screen, entering into the Choir of Yo^k. Cathedral. Defcribcd in a Third- Letter Jr cm the Rev. John Milner, F. A. S. to the Editor. [Continuedfrom Page 56.] John. —As the right of primegeniture had never been llridlly obferved in any of the predc- ceflbrs of Henry II j of the i\orman\\e\z we are not much furprifed that it (hould have been fo foon overlooked in the cafe of his immediate defeendant, and that his fon John, a native and a grown man, Ihould, on thedeathof i^/b/Wt/liavebeen preferred by thenation* to his grandlbn Arthur, a foreigner and a child, though the immediate offspring of his elder fon Ceoffry. It is true this arrangement was forely regretted, .and archbllhop Hubert's hafle, in crowning the new king was feverely condemned, but this was not until the charafler of the latter, now left to take its own bias, began to Ihew itfelf in all its inconfiflent excelfes. John was, at the fame time, rafh and puliUanimous, irreligious and luperflitious, tyrannical and weak, ever ready to engage in war, lie was always found unprepared for it. After having, in many inflances, invaded the fpiritual jurifdidtion ot the church, he finifhed with furrendering his own and the nation’s tempoial rights to her, in the perfun of the legate Pandulph\ and though almoft the whole of his reign was employed in opprefiing his feveral fubjedls, yet, in particular inflances, he conveyed the nioft ex- tenlive prerogatives, and the true Regalia, or royal rights, to individual perfons or focieties for the moll ti ihing confidcrations. This is the origin of our chartered corporations, whofe privi¬ leges at firft_ were enormous and opprefllve. Wincbejler \V 3 .s tht firft city which obtained this high authority, and that for fo fmall a fum as 200 marks j-f and London foon after rivalled her in this particular. I rught 10 have added that this king, who, amidf: all the clergy, fingicd out the Cijiercian monks for the particular objects of his hatred and perfecutionj neverthelels, in a fit of devotion, founded and began to build for them perhaps the molt princely abbey they were pollelled of in Emgland, If we may judge by its remains, in a fituation which certainly deierved, by way of excellence, tlie title of or the Beautiful Place, as our eyes Hill tellify. It was, however, to the tyranny of John that we are Indebted for the confirmation of our liberty; for Magna Charta'vs not to be conlidcred as an extenlion of the freedom of the fubjeCt, but on¬ ly as the determination and tlie confirmation of it, fince the nation at that time called for no¬ thing more than for its ancient rights, and for the mild laws of the good King Ed-ward.^ The learned and magnanimous prelate, Stephen Langton, who is better known for tlie ibare he had in this tranfadlion, than for his being the author of the divifion of the Bible into chapters,|( a6lcd as Mediator^ i n this occafion. The feene was a beautiful field not far from ll'indfor, on the banks of the 'Thames, which, the monk of JVepninjUr alfures us, had, from ancient times, been confecrated to national debate.** Magna Charta became immortal, but the favourable dilpolltion of John was momentary. He died of chagrin at the ill fuccefs of his wars againft his own fubjedts, who w'Cie then aided by a dangerous foreign ally, and of the confcquences of his own intemperance in eating and drinking things pernicious to his health. The ftury of his having been poiloned by a monk with the venom of a toad was unknown to his circumllantial contemporary hiftorians. The abbot of CroKted a£led both as his corporal and as his ghoftly phyficiaiij prelcribing for his malady, and confefling, communicating, and annointing hira.f f Ile likewife performed thepart of a lurgeon, after the king’s death, burying the bowels, covered with a great quantity of fait, in his owii convent, and fending the corpfe, as the deceafed had ordered, to the church which St. U'uljian had governed, that is to fay, to the cathedral of Wor- where itlllll remains. John is deferibed as a man of a tolerable good fize and figure, but of a mofi: angry counte¬ nance iX In thefe particulars your plate agrees with the account. The crown is mutilated, as is the left hand which lupports the folds of the robe, whilft the right, which probabiyheld the fceptre, is entirely gone. The hair is fhort, like that of the king’s ftatue in Worcejter cathc- dial; in the beard, however, a confiderable difference appears. The outward cloak, or capa, is leen to be lined with ermine, and edged down the Tides with lace, and at the bottom with beads and precious lloncs, and is fallcncd at the neck with a broach of diamonds and jiearls. Under this robe is a fiioit mantle, or fcapular, defeending no lower than tlie brealt, and edged with lace. The inward robe, or tunick, has a rich collar, ftudded with beads and flones, as feeii larger in tlie head, and laced under the chin. It terminates at the W’rift in elegant bracelets, as may be feen at No. i. The legend on thepedeflal is Jobes, the proper contraction for Johan- 71 CS, with his title of Rex, or king, and the number of the years which he reigned. ITenry III.—We come now to the longeft reign in Englijo hiflory, a reign divcrfifiecl with pro^erous and adverfe events, botli for the fovereign and the people. If Henry partook of the * 'See HuhaT% fpcech (Mn. P.irSj at the coionation of John, f MMSS, the fame which CHJn refers tomliis Cumden. liii the New 1 orelt, not lar Irom C./y/.s; rToy?*. ^ Polydcri Virsil, tetc. I| In Viu. Domino htephano CJiifcar, Archupilccpo, cum qui triftlain Lpifeopis, exillante mediatore. Alat. lf \ J }. Fuetunt <]uafi ex parte Ktgis Steplianus Cam, 5..C. ALti. Pa> h. Ipio anno, maximus tratlatus habebatur inter Rcgein fc liarones, di pace regni, inter htanes ix imllorarn, in praco, quod clicitur Runemed, quod interpretatur prat urn confi';, eo quod ab antiquis temporibu:,, eo quod ah amiquis teinporibus ibi de pace regni fepius confilia trafta bantus. -J-F Afat. Pans, ALs. fitjh ad an. izib. Aht. Paris. weak- [ 6 - ] weaknefs of his father, he did not fliare in his bad difpofitions and his vices. On the other hand if the nation was harrafled with foreign and domeftic wars,* they were freely invited by this fa’- ther of our pariiaments to rcprefent their grievances, and to join with him 'in redrehing them. Henry, being himfelf a native of TVinchefter, and deriving his furname from this city, appears to have had a partiality for the place of his birth. He fpent much of his time there, and oftentimes prefided in perfon in the courts of judicature which were there held. We read, on one occafion of his fucceffively difcltarging two juries, who refufed to find fomc of his courtiers guilty who were proved to have robbed certain wealthy merchants; thefaflis, the citizens themfelves had largely partaken in the fpoils.f But a ftill more extraordinary proceeding than this occurred in a court of juftice a. Wincbejler during this reign. Allan de la Zoueb, chief juftice of Ireland, having called upon fome of the nobility to bring the titles of their eftates, Jobn Warren, earl of Srift-fy, inflead of producing his parchments, drew his fword, and cleft the judge’s head afunder as he fat upon the bench, and afterwards efcaped puniihment, by producing what were called his compurgators, who fwore that they believed that the earl had not committed that ad of violence from malice.t Winebefier, though much on the decline ever fmee it had been the aftual theatre of civil war, which was carried on by King Stephen aiul the Emprefs Maud, was Hill in a condition to difpute the precedency with London, as appears from the following authentic ftory-It being the cullom of our Norman kings to wear their crowns, and to receive folemn homage on the three great fcilivals of the year, on their birth-days, and on certain other extra¬ ordinary occafions, as appears from our ancient hiftorians, who always inform us where our kings paffed the Chriilmas, Eaftcr, Whitfuntidc, and their birth-day; it happened on one of thefe occafions, that the Mayors of Wincbejler and London difputed (b warmly which of them ■was to prefent the cup to the king,§ and which of them to ferve the viattds, that Henry was afraid to fettle this controverfy, and was obliged to fupercede the cei'emo;;y of wearing the crown.II The occafion I have alluded to was the tranllation of the relics of St. Edmard the Con- fejj'or, for which the king cauled a magnificent ihiine to be made. He.alfo rebuilt from the ground the eaftern part of the Confeffor's Abbey of Wejhmnfter, fc as to correfpond with the weftern part,^ together with the intirc addition of the Chapel of the Blelfed Virgin, employing for thefe purpofes the moll able architeas that could be procured. At this king’s death there was a dilpute between the knights Templars and the monks of Wejlminjlir, which of them fllould poifefshis body;«* the claim of the latter, however, appearing to be better founded, he was buried before the high altar in the faid abbey:f f He is deferibed as a middle fixed man, of a compaa and ftrong frame of body, tolerably handfome, but with one of his eye-lids hang¬ ing lower than the other, It is true Hugo de Burg was difgraced for fome very fevere ridi¬ cule cafl: on the perfon of the king; this, however, is feet; to have been the effea of malice and jealoufy. "We fiiall not be furprifed at the number of religious foundations which took place during this reign, when we confider the length of it, and that it correlponded with theinllitu- tion of the mendicant orders. Ill the plate before us the upper part of the crown is gone, but the lower part, which remains, is very perfect and elegant. The beard here agrees with that of the fame perfonage, which you have publilhed, vol. I, in the circumftance of its being divided, but it is confiderably longer than it is feen there. The hands are intire, which fupport the extremities of the two feeptres, as is more diftinflly difeovered in the figures No. 2, and No. 3. The flioes are in the tafte of the age, pointed, but not very long. The inward robe, which flows upon the feet, is open, and bordered with lace at the bottom and the fldes. Another garment, alfo ed^ed with lace, is feen which defeends no lower than the middle of the leg. The fltort cloak, or mantle, terminates on the breaft with a gorgeous border j and the long mantle, or capa, with his capuce to put over his head, has a rich border of lace down thefides and at the bottom. It is faflened with a large ornament, fludded with beads, and reprefenting the afcenlion. The legend contains the name and title of Henry III, with the,number of years which he reigned, namely 56. Edward I.—It was owing to Henry’s devotion to the founder of IVefimlnjler, that his eldeft fon was called after his name, E(I\iard.%^ This prince gave early proofs of his extraordinary mili¬ tary talents, both at home, where he refeued his father from the hands of the confederate barons defeating ^hnon de Monijort, the moft celebrated general of the age, and abroad in the Holy I cannot help here introducing part of what Florigerus quotes as an elegant compofition, bewailing the confequences of the civil war, chiefly with a view of lliewing liow much more refpedtable the Itace of commerce was in the thirt¬ eenth century than it is generally fuppofed to have been. “ O Anglia, olim gloriofa, in regnis inclyta &c erreila, qunfi in fupcibia Chaideorum. Naves Tharfis tuis navibus comparari non poterant, poitantibus aroinata & uni- verfa preciola per quatuor orbis climata. Fuit libi mare pro muro & portus tuos ut portas caftra munitiflima munierunt* In te militia clerus &c negotiatis Florueront. Saphirum Carbunculum & Smaragdum, de Parldifl derivata flumiiiibus tibi Pifani, Januenfes,& Veneti tranftuherunt. Tibi in byfTo & purpura Afia, in cinnamomo & balfamo Africa, in auro’Hif- pania, in argciito Germania fervierunt. Tibi de tua materia vefies preciofas, tua textrix Flandria texuit. Tibi vinum tua Vafeonia minillravit. Tibi fervierunt omnes infulte inter Hy.ides 8c Ardlurum, &c. Ad An. 1265. -|- ^ruJ/eFs MMSS. He was fleward to the biflioprick of JVmchijUr in the reign of CharUs I. J 7 rujfcl. Thetablesof fVincheJler, 8cc. § See in the Monk of St. An. 1236. Many of the ceremonies and the offices of the chief nobility on thefe occafions. [1 “ An.1269. Edxvatdus-s. veteri feretro in novum tranflatus efl, prefeiite Domino Henrico Rege, qui, fecuiidum edi£lum fuum coronam pot tare difpofuit, fed non portavit! Unde vindicantibus fibi jus & confuetudineni Oe pinceriir.ria Wintons & Loiidoiia; civibus, iioluit Rex, ut quis eorum ferviret, propter dilcordiam 8c periculum, quod poflit immincrefed juffitutramque partem difeumbere unde Lendonienfes, receflere indigiiantcs, Wiiitoiiienl'es vero re- manferunt edentes 8c bibentes in curia.” Annales Ecclef. Wigorn, ad An. 1269, ^ “ Fadem anno [>214] P>. Rex devotionequam habuitadverfus S. Edwardum fubmonente,Ecclefiam S. PdrilVeJl^ monejisritnjem jullit ampliari. Et dirutisantiquis cum turri muris partis orientalis, prscepit novos, videlicit Jeceniiones,. luis I'umptibus fubtilius, artificibus convocatis, conltrui, & refiduo, videlicit occidentali operi coaptari.” Mat. Paris. ** Mai. FVtJl. •j-^'idein. Annal. Paris §§ Mat. Land, t ) f aiici tliei; the chramon theatre of martial chivalry. Nor was he lefs celebratea as a Icgiflator, than as a warrior. Araongft other of his wife regulations was that of the Mint, which, before his time had an incredible number of workfhops m different parts of the kingdom.* He Was the firft kinir who coined the diViflons of a demrius, or penny of the times, whereas for¬ merly tlie Mi, m half-pence, when wanted, were made by cutting a denarius in two, and the quadrat,trs or farthings, by cutting it into four parts.f Hence 1 conjedture that the chief in¬ tention of’that great crofs interfefting it at right angles, was to diredt the inftrument m making thefc divifioiis. I leave our hifforians to deferibe the progrefs of Edward’s viaories, by means of which he acquired the glory of having firft of all reduced the whole ifland into one king¬ dom. What is more to ihe prefeiu purpofe, as containing much more information concerning the fpiiit of the manners of the times, is to fpeakof that grand fcftival which he celebrated at iVellmmller, when he railed his fon Edward and three hundred other noble youths to tile honour of knighthood. The following is the liefcription of Matthew, who, being a monk of Wejlmin- Jler, mnft have been a fpeaator of the fccne hedeferibes. After mentioning the royal fummons add’refled to thofe, who by inheritance and fortune, were entitled to the honour of knighthood, he goes on—“ Three hundred youths, therefore, the fons of earls, barons, and knights, being affcmbled together, to each one was diftributed, as much as he wanted, of purple cloth, filk, fine linen, and tunicks, wrouglit with gold. And as the royal palace (of Wejlmmprj though large, was incapable ot containing the number of thofe who aflembled on the occafion, the or¬ chard’s and walls near the Temple (in London] were deftroyed, and tents fet up. in which the youths might drefs thcmfelves in their golden dreffes. The night preceding the ceremony, as many of tlie knights as the church of the Temple could contain, kept their vigils m it. But the Prince of H'alei, by the order of his father, together with the youths of higher rank, kept his vigils in the church of ll'ejlaillller. So loud was the found of the trumpets and fifes, and the .’Oices of thole prcfelit, unable as they were to contain their joy, that the flnging of the monks could not he heard from one fide of the choir to the other. The next day the king oirt his fon with the military belt, in his own palace, at the fame time conferring on him the dutchy of Mquitaia. The prince therefore, being himfelf made a knight, went to the church of lEeJlminJicr, in order to inveft his companions with the fame dignity. So great was the croud before the high altar, that two of the young knights were ftifled, and fcveral others faint¬ ed, although each of the knights had at leart three others to lead him forward and to guard him.- The prince himfelf, on account of the croud, girt his knights on no lefs facred a place than upon the high altar, employing thefe his brave companions to divide the croud.^ Then were biought before the king, in glorious pomp, two fwans, gorgeoufty capartfoned, with their beaks -ilt, a moll pleafing fpcaade to the beholders: on which the king made a vow before God and the ’fwansj;, that he would march into Scotland, to avenge the fate of John Comyn, and to punilh the penury of the Scott-, obliging the prince and other great men of the kingdom to fwcar to him, that if helhoiild die firft, they would carry Ills body with them into Scotland, and would not bury it till the Lord ihouM liavc made them viaorious over the perfidious ufurper, and his perjured adhcrenti.”§ However it being impofliblc, as this hiftorian informs us, to fulfil this coiidition,_ after the king's death, which took place when he had advanced very near to the confines of 'Scotland, ffts body was brought back to IVelhnlnfier, and buried near that of his royal father. A few years ago lii’s tomb was opened, the particulars of which are fully delcribed in Gough's Sepulchral Monuments, Vol. I, page iv, in the Introduaion. His virtuous Queen Eleanor died feveral years before him -, and as her affeftion for him had been confpicuous, in her fol¬ lowing him in all hi.s journeys and wars, even in the Holy Land, where (he is faid to have ex- traaed with her own lipslj the venom of a wound from a poifoned knife, which her hufband had received from one of the affociated band of murderers, who have given rife to the name of adagint, fo EJward was delirous of perpetuating her memory in an extraordinary manner. It was ufual to fix a fmall proccffional crofs at the head of a corpfe, wherever it was placed ; but this prince was rclblvcd, that the fcveral places where the body of Eleanor liad refted between Hearaly, in Lmcolnpire, where file died, and her burial place at M-'eJtmmJtir Abbey, ftiould be_ marked with crofies, wliich fhould remain to future ages. It is to this determination of Edwards conjugal aftcaion that we are indebted for thofe beautiful remains of ancient ar- chitedfure and Iculpture whicli the Society of Antiquaries have lately publiflied.^ This prince was tall of llature, with legs rather of an unufual proportion, as every one con¬ cludes from his title of Lonzfianit. He was of a comely face, but dark complexion, with black and curled hair of the fame colour.** In the ftatue, which you place before us, the crown and the hands are mutilated. The outward garment-is ciiliouny ornamented, down the fldes and at the bottom, with large beads and emboffed figures of lions, and is taftened with a rich broach of ftoncs and pearls. The ftiort mantle is bordered with a narrow lace ; and the inward tunick, or Inward garment, or cyclai, as Matthew, in the above quoted palfage, leems to call it, is quite plain at the bottom. No. 4, Ihews the fiiiiOiing of his collar. No. 5, is one of his bracelets, which ornament certainly formed part of the royal drefs wlitch our kings received front the archbiftiop at thcii coronation. * /r''HrAf/ 7 .r nlnnr in tlis Tfign of yoAn pofTeffed five different mints. -V “ Qiiia denarius findi in duas partes pro obolis, tS in uuacuor partes pro t^uaJrantibiis conluevit, ordinatum fult, ai tollendain occafionem delalcationis inoneta;, ijuod rolundi efleiit denarii, oboii, & quadrantes.” Alat.liejl. ad An. ^ 'Ihefwan ieenis to liave been the l>aiige of Ld-warclX. as it certainly is known to have been of Kdward HI. ot H.'ir/ \l* and of AVtiWhis Ion. Hence we lee that the king Iwears here by his own military enfign, as well as by the Al- inighiy. § Idem, aJ. An. 53^^’ r t • • • /r j l 11 1 own this particular circumlUnce of the queen’s curing the wound by fucking it, is afferted by marty mo.cru writers on verv weak grounils. Ail the other circumftances are related by our moll authentic hillorians. «i See their folio work, Intitled, Vetujla Manurntr.ta. Feljdite /"Irfi/, 1 , 17. after t 63 3. Edward IT.—The confequCnces of the firft EdwanTs fuccefles againfl: the Scots was tranfito- ry, but thofe againfl; the Weljh, who from the days of Vertigcrn had never forgotten their ancient grudge againft the Sajfonss^ as they ftill call us, were permanent. This was chiefly owing to the wife policy of that king in confulting their prejudices, by appearing to fubjed them to no other than to a prince who was their own countryman. It was contrived, therefore, that the queen fhould lie in of young Edward at Carnarvon, who, of courfe, received his furname from that place; and ever fince the reigning king’s eldeft: Ton has derived his firfl: title from the principality of (Vales, The misfortunes of this unhappy reign are to be aferibed, in part, to the natural weaknefs of Edward's mind, and partly to the turbulent fpirit of his nobles. It ■was, undoubtedly, un wife in him who ought to have been the equal father of all his people, to keep up a fuccefllon of favourites ; but then It was unjuft on the part of the barons and of the queen, inftead of purfulng Gavcjhn and the Spenfers, by law, for their alledgcd mifdemeanors, to make thefe a pretext for waging war againft the king himfelf, and to pretend, by violence, to diredt the courfe of the royal fmiles and favours. But who can reftrain his indignation at the condudt of the infamous Ifabel, who was the chief inftrument in the depofition of her too fond hulband, in confequence of his innocent friendfliip for the virtuous Spen/ers, at the fame time that (he herfelf was living in a criminal intercomfe with her favourite Mortimer ? It has been often obferved, that ftiort is the interval between the depofition and the death of fove- reigns; this Edward, of Carnarvon, experienced, who after fuffering every kind of indignity, and what he refented moft, the feraping off of his beard and hair. In an unworthy manner, wa^ murdered in the moft horrid contrivance which the imagination can frame to itfelf, that of introducing fire into his inteftines. The feene of this unexampled tranfadfion, was Berkely caftle, fituated between Brijiol and Gloucejier ; and tlie royal corpfe was buried in the church of the latter place, which was then infinitely more fplendld in its ftate of an abbey, than ever it has been fince in that of a cathedral. The moft fignal ecclefiaftical tranfaaion in this reign was, the fuppreifion of the Order of the Knights Templars. They were probably proud of their rank and wealth, and relaxed from their original difcipline ; but humanity and common fenle revolt at the recital of the vile charges of immorality, which, without any proof, were brought againft them. On the dilTolution of the province of this order, which exifted in England, it became a national queftioii, what was to be done with their property ? But however urgent the wants of the ftate were, our parliament admitted that it was unlawful for them to appropriate to any profane purpofe, what had once been confecrated to religion.* Their wealth was accordingly beftowed on the fifter inftitution of the Knights Hofpitallers, or of St. "John, of JeriifaUm, Edward II is delciibed as a well made man.-f* His crown is here defaced; his right hand, together with his feepter, has difappeared; and his left hand is held up, in a fingnlar manner, to his neck; the end of the fleeves at the wrift edged with lace. The inward robe is open at the feet, and edged with lace : it is alfo feen in the infidc folds to be lined with ermine. Tlie collar is faftened, as ufual, with a lace, but turns down like the cape of a modern coat. The Ihort mantle terminates with a narrow lace, under which is feen the girdle, ftuded with beads fome of which, at proper diftances, are perforated to receive the tongue of the buckle, as is* more diredtly feen at No, i. The buckle and the turnings of the girdle deferve notice. The outward robe, or Fallinm, is edged with a broad and elegant lace, and faftened under a broach of precious ftones. The capuce, or hood, falls back on the ftioulders, and flaews itfelf to be like- wile lined with ermine. Edward III.—We are now come to the chief epoch of England’s glory, when two kings fell in the field J beneath the weight of our arms, and two other kings, the fovereigns of the moft pow¬ erful neighbouring nations,§ met each other in captivity within our metropolis; and when from Cyprus, Jerufalem, and Spain, princes came or fent to petition our monarch to replace them on their thrones ; when that beautiful ftyle cf architedure which iiifpires every beholder of tafte and fentiment with fuch religious awe, but which the barbarians of modern times have endea¬ voured to vilify by affixing to it the name of Gothic, Ihone in all its fplendour; when Wickham built, the Black Prince commanded, and Chaucer and Gower fung; and when our brave no¬ bles were ftimulated to heroic adions by the heroes and military diverfions of the firft order of jchivalry in the univerfe.|| It was Edward’s fate, however, to furvive his invincible fon, and, in fome degree, his own glory. Sunk into fenfuality in his latter days, like the wife monarch of the eaft, and infatuated with the artifices of Alicia Pierce, he became too forgetful of what he owed both to his fubjeds and to himfelf. In confequence of this he is lamented by the writers of the times, for having died without tliofe facraments of the church which were admi- niftered to dying perfbns. Some fymptoms, however, of his ancient piety appeared in his latter moments, which, it was hoped, were expreffive of contrition for his paft immorality. He was buried at JVeftminJier, where the ftatue on his monument in the length of the beard, and other particulars, greatly refemblcs that which you have here given to the public. * Statute of oi EdwardW. ^ Eelydorc Verg, 1 . i8. t The kings of § Joh», theTrmAking, and DaM king Scotland. 11 A late hiftorian, (Eduard Gibbon, Efq.) who is willing to facrifice the honour of his country, and every other con- fideration to his invincible hatred of cliriftianity, has maintained, that the Order of the Garter was inftituted, and, in- ' deed, the nation itfelf dedicated under the patronage of an infamous Arian, Bilhop of Alexandria. For fuch a perfon, he afTerts ‘ St George, of Cappadocia, to have been. In order to judge on what weak grounds this aflertion is made, and in oppofjtion to what poffitive evidence, fee a DifTertation by the Author, intitled, An Hijloncal Enquiry into the Exijl. tnc* and Cbaraflir of St, Gnree, &c. Robinfons, Dcbrett, Coglan, [ 64 ] The crown is here Intirc, the hr.nds, with whatever they contained, are gone ; the end of the neeves edved with lacc ; the outward and inward robe as well as' the mantle ts, as nl i.il, edged witll lace" tlie tirft mentioned, however, of thefe garments turns over the right (houlderm a vracefnl manner, Ihewing the ermine with which it is lined; it is faftened with a liiigic ilone. The girdle, which is mote diffinaly feen at No. 2, m many relpedts relembles that aoove de- a r d n —Po uncertain is the condition of human affairs, that Enghnd, which in the pre- cedinv reivn feemed to give the law to all Europe, in this was incapable of fiiiiportingitlelf, and was with the utracll illfiicultv preltrved from anarchyand an intire diffolutron ot its government. It is impoflible not to be flruck with the refemblance between the date of our nation at the time we are Ipeakiii" of, and that of a neighbouring nation under our own eye. We meet with, 111 both inflances, the fame jargon of natural rights* intended toamiifc the potiulacc, and to con- ceal the tyrnnnv of their ambitious demagogues. The fame fixed plan of keeping meir fove- rcisns in capiiv'icy as long as might fait their dcfigns, and of deflroying them when their deten¬ tion could no longer be ferviceablc to their pnrpofes ; f the fame enmitv againit the clergy and th" nobility • the fame furnmary mode of cutting ofFheads in great numbers, and the piactice of carryiu- them about upon po'les; the fame chimerical projeas for reducing property and every other advantage to a perfed equality. We may iikewile add, that as tiie modern anarchifts were preceded, and the way paved for them, by a race of irreligious philofophcrs, fo the at rylers and the Jack S.'raws of the fourteenth century were greatly encouraged and aided by the dodrine of the'famous and his followers, who maintained, amongll other leditions, no lefs than heterodex maxims, that all authority, temporal as well ns fpintual, together with all right to property, ceale, in confequcncc of the guilt of any one lin ; that foundations for Iitte- rature as well as for religion were detriiiicural, and ought to be abolHhed. || But to pals on from moral to fnitiquarian obfervations, you, Mr. Editor, liaveahyays main¬ tained, that the llatucs with which yon here prefent the public, are a genuine colledlioii of por¬ traits and, indeed, the oiilv compleat feiies of the portaits of our ancient kings c.xtant. Cer¬ tain it is that no one can dlfpute the refemblance between the head of Richard II, as here exhi¬ bited, and the celebrated p.iintmg of the fame king, jthc only original pmnted portrait of an ancient khiv that now remains) which is preferved in the dcaiiry of Wtihnmfier Abbey, and winch yoli'have publilhed in your hill volume. In confirmation of tins opnnon I have to obfei'vc, that Richard is celebrated for having been the handfomefi: of all our kings fiuce the Con¬ ti ucfl: S This circumftancc peifcaiy agrees with the (lames under confideration. Wc learn, moreover, that the Eng/i>, in the time of EJrartrif III. wore remarkable long beards, but that ..fter the caiitivity of the French King •John, they began to adopt the fafliion of his nation in iiiaviim their faces. In conformity with this, we here obferve Edmard with a very long beard, and iris fucccflbr with hardly any at all. Now that I am on thefubjea of drefs, it may be proper to add, that this was the epoch when \cin'gpokeJlccn'cs, as they were called, and pointed fiioes, with chains of lilver, or other metal, reaching up to the knee, were in the higlicll fafhion. The cuecii alfo, who was a Bohemian by birth, introduced at this time many fiiigularities in the fe¬ male d.efs and manners; in particular, (he br ought in high dreflbs, rifiiig on each hde like horns, as hkewife the falhion of riding aftcle. The memory of the latter invention rs llill kept up iii Lancalhire, where this kind of litmig on horfeback is dill known by the name of S)necn-rinng. If Richard II. did not poflbfs the military talents of his fiithcr, the Black Prince, lie, at lead, gave proofs that he was not dellltute of his perfoiial prowefs and courage, when, after his un- fult depofition, the ufual lot of fallen kings being prepared for him; I mean a violent death : he miiivled the blood of his affaffins with his own, by killing four out of the eight ruffians who came to murder him in Pomjrct Callle. I here adopt the ufual account of tins prince's fate, which you have alio followed ill that fplendid drawing of this fceiie, which you, a few years avo, exhibited at the Royal Academy. The crown is here very perfea, and rcfcmblcs that in the’ab.ve-nientioned picture at It'ellminller: The right hand is broken off, together with whatever ornament it contained, as Hkewife the point of the Ihoe. _ The right hand holds the folds of the outward cloak, which, together with the hood, is lined with ermine, and mod beautifully bordered with a double row of beads, between which are^ alternate beads and large piccious Hones ; it is alfo faltciicd tinder a broach mace of nine curious jewels. The mantle fs laced, as ufual, as well as the inwardrobe; but what chiefly delerves notice, is the elegant collar, ornamented with gems and beads, as is more diilindlly feen in the larger head which you have here given. At No. 3, is the oi'iiament at the wtifts, which is diilindlly Icen to be an arnr.ila, or bracelet, intended to confine the extremity of the fleeve. I remain, &c. St. Peter's lloufc, lEincbeJler, Tq,,,; Milner. Dec. 1, 1793. ^ This ilemocratica! fentiment was expreflied in the following well-known rhyme t “ VS hen j^dom delved .mJ Eve ipan, “ VVliere was then the Gentleman.” + See the Ccnfcflion of ya:k Straw, - of his courtiers were more than fufficient to give occafion to that bloody event. The fait is, an impctuofity of temper and an ungovernable refentment wc-re the leading features f>f hi:i charader. Iht one ' ccation he almoll tore out the eyes of a meirengrr who bre uglu him bad newsrf- on aimtherhe threw offi the clothes from his body and gnawed the litter of his pal¬ let, on Richard dc linnet's venturing to fay a few words in favour of the King of ScoiLindiX but the injullice and violence of his revenge on tlie archbiffiop, in ftiipping and baniffiing above four hundred of his relations or friends, and obliging them to fwear that thev would follow him whitherfoever lie might be gone,§ can hardly be paralelled in hlllory. Certain it is that the monarch was conlcious of a confiderable ffiare of guilt in the death of the mur¬ dered primate, and tliat he himlelf alcribed that inundation of foreign and domeflic calamities with which he was foon after cverwhelmed, to the vengeance of lieaven on this account. H.nee he came to E?!gland vj\l\\ full determination of expiating them in the moll fignal manner. Before I enter upon an illudration of the very extraordinary penance, as it muft feem in modern days, which he underwent with this view, it is necclTary to make two importmt ob- Icrvations, wiiich may htl]). In fome degree, to remove our furjirife and prejudice. The lirH: is, that generally in ancient times there was not that dilgrace attached to a blow whicii there is at prelent; and ihat, in the ages of which we nowlpeak, theie was not even anv ignominy' implied in fcourging, as a public penance j on the contrary', many royal perfonages have fub- mittfd to it, no iels than H.nry II. The great Athenian hero, Thcmi/locles., was not fenfible of any particular affiront when he was ftruck, at a council of war, by the Lacedenm.ian general, Enrybiades, for having fpeken his fentiments too fieely. He even ttdd his jealous competitor 10 repeat his blow, p.ovidcd he would lillen to his advice. j| St. Edward x\\^ Confcllbr having been too caly in giving ear to the enemies of his motlier Emma, and in conlenting to her un¬ dergoing tlie fiery urde.Ll, which trial took place in the nave of the cathedral church of ll’in- chc/lcr, the king himfelf in the mean time being prollratc in prayer in the choir. On her be- ing conduced to him,, after this remarkable feene had taken place, he not only begged her jiai'don, Init all.; inluled on lier llriking hinv with a flick, which he put into her iiarjds for that pmpofe.^f binally, in the windows of tlie facrilly of St. Dennis, amongfl other incideiUs in the file of the lamous St. Louis, one was exhibited that greatly refembled the fubjedt of the prefent plate. The king was fecn upon his knees accompanied by two monks, one of whom held a book before him whilll the other fcourged him.** The iecond obfervation I have to make is, that the penance in queftlon w.ts by no means impoicd upon Henry for we know what the conditions of his abfolutlon by the pope’s legates weic, but it was voluntarily alfumcd by liim, as all the original hillorians agree.-f-'f- From their different accounts I have extradled the following particulars of this cxtraordlndry tranf- adlion. The king finding tlie I'ea extremely rough, and dangerous, when he was preparing in all hafle to crofs over to England in order to preferve liis crown, he put up his prayers to the Almighty, tliac he might meet with a fafe paffage, on the foie condition of his intentions be¬ ing mild, and paternii, with refpedl to his clergy and people. Accordingly the (form ceafed, and he was enabled to embaik that very d.ay.|+ Having landed at Southcimpton,^% he refufed to enter into any city ot his kingdom until he had vifited Canterbury, where the tomb oi tile murdered prelate was, to wliicli place he immediately began his journey, falling upon bread and water all the way. Being arrived within fight of the faid city, he difmounted from his horfe, and laid afide all the enfigns of royalty, walking on foot, and clad in an ordinary woollen habit. Being arrived at the church, he Ihed abundance of tears, and caufed the Bifhop of London to declare in his name, that, though he had neither commanded nor defiled the fatal murder, yet, liavinggiven occafion to it, he wifhed to do public penance for tlie fame, by being fcourged by the bilhops and monks there prefent. He accordingly received five flrokes trom each bilhcip, and tin ee from eacli monk, no fewer than eighty of whom happened tliereto be prefent j|[[l the number of the bifhops is not alccrtaiiied. With refpeil to the phivc where this feene took place, hewbridge alone lays it was in the chapter-houfc,^[^ wh.ch ccr- * T heheroifm of tbe archbi/liop’s death his worfl enemies admit. It has been, however, equalled by another ar.'hbiilioj} and martyr in our own times, Moni. TOu Lau, ArchbiOiop of ^rlis, whefe language .and behaviour to the ruffijiis who flnuglitertd him in the convent of the Caitncs, Sept. 2, 1792, greatly refembles tliat of the futferer under confideiation. f Epih. Archiduconi ^ ♦ It id. § Annal. \\ Flutnrd. Dt. 7 'hn»Jl. t 1 hmos RudLum, in Hilt. Maj. It nsi. Item in Annal. AJcntfaucan, Antiquit. Mcnaicli. linn:, vol. II. Prtfri^ pcthioih Injamid. CV. A'fuinV/f, 1 . ii, See. J • A/at. ad An. n 74. §§ Called Iw Afui. Peril, Pertus l'am:n:j. |]j| Rdtnard in Quadril. Tliis hillorian was Rduiard Grimfire, a monk, as foinf: call him, or a clerk, as others denominate him, of Canterbury cathedral. He is the fame perfon whole .arm w.19 alinoU fevered from his body, by the ruffians, in endeavouring to lave the life of the archbiffiop. He is Imr in your f.im.i plate Handing behind the altar with the crols in his hand and the blood upon his arm. «; L. in c. 14. tainlv tainly was the ordinary place in convents for public confeflions and penances; the reft affert that it was at the tomb of the deceafed, which we know was in the crypt or undercroft, where, immediately after his death, he was buried, to prevent further indignities on the body, which were threatened by the murderers. One of the original writers, who had the beft niyans of information, even aflerts, that the king held his head and neck within the fmall window of the tomb, whilft the monks were fcourging him.* In the plate before us the king is feen upon his knees, with his hands and face (the fea¬ tures of which refemble thofe which you have engraved from the ftatue at York) iit a very devout attitude. He is naked, except the crown upon his head and a fhort pair of drawers, which we otherwife know were anciently worn, in addition to the clofe hofe that covered the legs and thighs. Four monks, in the exaft Benedidline habit and tonfure, with bundles of twigs in their hands, ftand two and two of a fide, one of whom, probably the prior,'|' addrefles the king with great ferioufnefs, whilft another of them raifes up his hand in aftronifli- ment and pity. Three of the king’s great officers attend behind, one of whom, in his furred mantle, bears the fword of ftatc in his right hand, and refts his left on a rail, which indoles the monument. The tomb itfelf, which we know was made of marble, J is hei e covered with embroidery of gold, on the upper part of which a gold fringe is feen; the two fteps, however, on which the tomb is raifed, are clearly difeovered, by the veins in them, to be of marble. A ricli fiirine, ornamented with precious ftones, ftands upon the tomb. This ftirine is very different in its make from that exhibited by Dugdale-,^ in faft we know that, at the lime w e arc fpeaking of, it was a mere ornament; the bones of the martyr not being removed out of the tomb until the fiftieth year from his deceafe, when the ceremony of his tranflation was performed, with great pomp, hv Stephen Langton, Archbifliop of Canterbury^ in the prefcnce of Henry III. and the chief nobility of the kingdom.Ij The two painted win¬ dows, and the blue hanging behind the ftarine, together with the gorgeous cufltion on which the king kneels, as alfo the ornamented paving tiles, fo common in our weftern churches, though rarely to be met with in thofe of the north, are all deferving of notice. It is greatly to be regretted that the defign of this curious painting is not compleat on either fide, as ap¬ pears by the mutilation of the kgs, in the figure of the king, as well as by the other figures, though the principle fubject is perfedl and admirably well executed, in reprefenting which you have dune extremely well to leave out the interruptions, which the lead that confines the glafs, occaiionsin the original. St. Peter’s Hoiifc, I remain, &c. May I, 1794. John Milner. STATUES in the Screen entering into York Cathedral.* Defcribed in a fourth Letter from the Rev. Mr. Milner, F. A. S. to the Editor, \Continuedfrom Page 64.] Sir, Henry IV.] We are now come to the firft king of thehoufeof the Red Rofe. Not that this was the perfonaldevicc of Henry IV, which we know to have been a fox’s tail.^fbutit wasaffumed by him, as it had been alfo by his father, John of Gaunt, as a family device, in confequence of the marriage of the latter with Blanch, the grand daughter and heirefs of Edmund Crouchback, the fe- cond fon of Henry III, whofe device it had been. This was evidently done with the view of jftrengtliening the title of this branch of Edward WVs family to the throne, in oppofition to the defcendaiits, by the female line, of Lionel Duke of Clarence, whofe grand daughter was taken to wife by Richard Earl of March, the fon of Edmund Langley, who was a younger fort of Edward HI, which houfe, afterwards called that of Tork, in oppofition to tlie pretenfions of the houfe of Lancajler, aflumed the White Rofe for their device. From this fatal jealoufy and contention between the two rofes, what mifery, devaftation, and flaughter fprung in this devoted kingdom! all which is to he aferibed, in the firft inftance, to the ambition of Henry in clepofing and cutting off in the prime of life the rightful monarch Richard II, and to the diftoyalty of the people in concurring to the fame. So much better is it to bear with the imper- fetSlions and even vices of an eftablilhed government, than to have recourfe to that dreadful ex¬ pedient, big with unknown evils, a revolution for the redrefs of the fame. It is true the civil wars between the houfes of the red, and white rofe, did not break out until the fecond reign from that of the ufurper himfelf; ftill, however, the whole time that he fwayed the feepter was difturbed with confpiracies, the appearance of new pretenders to the crown, and civil wars; and the blood of his fubjefls was conftantly flowing, either from the Icaffold, or in the field. We may readily, then, give credit to the declaration which he made upon his death * Ed'Jjord Grimftre. -b Where cathedra! churches were ferved by monks the prelate was the proper abbot, hence the religious fupeiior was denominated only prior. ^ Mae, Paris, ^SeeStefii>is,Yol.I, l\ Mat. Parisf zd An, 1220, ^ Cami/MS Remains, p, 345. [ x2XCii Komar: lawyer, and martyr, in tlie firil perlecutlons, in whofe honor this collar was inldituted, and to whofe profenion of a judge, or maghlrate, it was appropriated J ^ . The countenance in the prefent ibtue is thought to exprds tear and fufpicion. The hair is cut and drtffccl in an uncommon fathion, fo as to reprehnt rays iJning from the hcad_. The crown, which is rather plain and limplc, has been mucli damaged, in the collar of we cannot but remark the metal ornament lianging on the breail, and the two buckles, together with additional holes for the tongues, in order tn take up the collar ihorter. The outward robe has rich borders, and is lined in the capuce, or covering for the head, no lefs than in other parts with ermine. The inward rube is allb lined with ermine, as appears by the turning up of the cuffs, and, together with the Ihort mantle,§ is edged wiili lace. The lattei is beauti* fuliv rich at the collar with precious flones and rows of pearls. On one of the liands, which holds up the robe, a bracelet is leen. The other, with the feepter, or whatever elfe it held, is now deftroyed. UuNRV V.] Vfe here behold the features of the Hero of Agincourt, Henry of Monmouth, names which Ifill animate the hearts of Englilhmen, at recolleaing the gallantry of their An- cellors. Nevertlitlel's, the valour of Henry V was one of the ledlf among his virtues. Such was his modefly, that general concomitant of merit, that he jrofitively refuted to permit his battered armour and helmet, with the creft half cut away, to be exhibited in the procclfion in which he was received by the citizens oiLondon after his Ipler.did vicdory, and prohibited any triumphal ftrains, or other'praife.', to befung, exceptto thehonour of the Almighty.|| Such was his humanity and moderation, that he never would approve of that event to which he was in¬ debted fur his crown, but rather condemned the depoficion of Richard,^ and rctufed to bellow fa¬ vors upon tliofe who were principally concerned in it.^ Whatever refpect alfo was in his power he flrewed to the memory of that unfortunate prince, by caufmg his body to be removed from its ignoble fepulchre in the Fryars’ church, at Langley, into a royal tomb at IfeJiminJJer. He founded two religious houfes at no great dilbancc fiom each other, one for Cartbujun Monks^ at Sl'ene, and the other for Brigitine Nuns, at Sion', and what is remarkable, the remains of thefe two eftablilhments fubfiH; to the prefent day in foreign parts.*'* It was the misfortune of this reign, as it was of the two preceding reigns, to be dilfurbed by a new fet of religton- ifts, equally lioftile to the peace of the church, and of the ftate. In vain do many modeiii writers, and in particular that falfe martyrologifl 'yobn Fox, with whom a fpirit of oppofition to the ancient leligion is a fure abiblution trom every error and crime, and a certain title to the honours of canonization, endeavour to glofs over the feditious errors and praflices of V/ickliff and his followers, which ffand upon unqueflionable record, and are admitted by all candid hiflorians.-f-f That fingle tenet of ecclefialfical, and civil authority, being founded in grace, wdiilft the innovators took upon theinfelves tojudgewho were, and who were not, in the llate of grace, could not fail of being the fource of the mofl dangerous feditious, as it proved both here, in the infurredtioiis of IVat lyler, "Jack Straw, and Sir 'John Oldcaflle, and in Bo~ hernia, in thofe of Zrfea and the Lhaborites. The execution, however, of the knight ja!c mentioned, who vainly predidled his refurredfion on the third day after his death,bi'oke the ffrength of his numerous democratical adherents, and probably jireventcd much additional confufion ill 1 have thought it neceflaiy to enlarge on this article, as I conlider that remarkable ornament of a pelican feeding its young with its blood, wdiich we remark in the centre of Henry’s girdle, as akind of a badge of his belief in the facrament of the altar, * Snwe. t Potydore Virfil. Ilift. 1 . 2T. 1 HarpsfM. Ilijl. Ecdcf. Zngl. Sei^t. Tuic!. m-!io cites IVue- this de Kit. Sane. AW'o Camden, p. 193. § Tlie mntule which w.is put 011 our kings at their coronatian furmer-- Iv was that which once haJ heloBged to Sc. Ed-jjard the Confeflor. 'I'liis was done out of reverence to that good and beloved prince. 1 | Sto-Mc. Contin. Cronic. Cr5>'/o«A fhe hiving retired into Flanders, continued their elUblifiimcnC at Newport, until they were difTolved a fevy years ago hy the Emperor gjoteph _fome of them are Hill aiive. The Nuns of Sion, under that fame n.ime, Hill continue a numerous cominun ity -jt Li/bon. 'J'hey prd'erve the crol's that was over the gate, and other articles that belonged to their ancient houte MiiJjltVJOTib. p-t' See Cc/Jrr, Stow, Quthriie,t>.nA Ralph, and particularly fijr/n/r/d'. ,* S.tiwe. of [ 69 ] of which this figure was the received emblem,* and of his oppofitioti to the Lollard, chiefly attaAed tins myftery. I’revioufly, however, to this we know that he had chofen flaming creflit, or beacon, for his ordinary device. Henry was haildfome and we I Ld,. , i though he was rather tall and flender. yet he was not l 4 remarkable for his (li”tI ’t^ ‘ for his aaivity.f Ilediedin the midft of his career of conquefts in France and h s’ hndl was brought home in rolcmii Hate for imerinenE to Wejhninjlcr Abbey. On this occalion 'f hid read of that ceremony, which was afterwards ufi.ally praftifed atfhe funeral of roval and iin anf"^' Preparing a pageant to refemble the deceafed, which being'dieflLd pand oiiiarncTited with their garments and infigma, was placed on the coffin of the deceit cd, over which a rich canopy was utually fupported by perfons of diftinaioii. The naveanr generall/ma^lTof "'ere The features o( the royal hero, in the prefent flatiie, are determined and threatenin"- at the fame tinic that they are regular and comely. His crown, which is perfetf, is rich and cle- f'it'n “'■■“Uily curled in a tripple row round his head. His collar of is faftened .about his neck, by means of buckles, and four metal rings, elegantly difpofal and ornamented Plis robe or Dalmatick, is lined with ermine, and richly bordcred^at the bottom and down the lides. The capuce is likewife bordered with an edging of flowers The mantle is fingu arly curious, having an iiifcription in large charafters at the extreinitv of it furmounted with beauntul embroidery. I have endeavoured in vain to decypher thefe charac’ teis, but they are too indeterminate to be read with any certainty. Sometimes I have thoueht I could make out the following fcntence, which occurs in the office of the church nriu rf noli tarsavc, but I am far from being falisfied with this conjedlure. I have already mentioned he iingiilar ornament of the girdle, which girdle is extremely rich. The tunick^ or inward lobe, is elegantly embroidered and laced at the neck, and it is feen to be fet with pearls both there, and at the bottom. It is alfo curioufly worked on the arms. Unfortunately^the hands with whatever emblems they 1,eld, are broken off. the only injury which this cukus flame’ and the laft zn the prelent feries, has received. * I now, fir, take rny leave of your ingenious work, uiiderflanding that your plan is at ore- lent compleated and that you are upon the point of embarking in a much more arduous *^n- dertaking, in which, however, I know, from experience, that you arc not Icfs qualified to af ford >nfurniat.on and entertainment to the public, than in that which you hive hitherm fo uccersfully followed. In the mean time, I am happy to have had it in my prwel to contri bine fome little afliftance towards the illuftration of plates, which, for the choice of the fub )edh and for the accuracy of the execution, will hold a diftinguiflied rank in the colkabn of the curious antiquary. collection r Ti . I remain. Sir, St. Peter s llovfe, Uinchefter. Your faithful fervant, '794- John’micnex. STATUES in the lower Tier of the. Screen, at the Well Front f Exeter Cathedeai.. [Continued from Page 61.] • ^ ■" rrefi armour, his right foot damaged, the fword in hi r^ht hand, and whatever was in the left, are deftroyed” his helmet if omamen™d-ie ha the mail armour round his neck, has the crofs on his breaft, and part of the armour is faftene at the fide with large flowers, fcrving as clafps; the girdle ornamented, and below it the mail i feen ; on Ins thighs and legs the plated armour much decorated, and on his left thigh is an un common kind of armour,compofed of wires and ftudsi his gauntlets are plain. The tude of his legs makes him It rro/j-/rggV fa,gfv indeed ! between them is a dog as an em blem of faithfiilnefs. a device very common at the feet of flatnes on tombs The annel i in no particular attitude. -me angei i No. 14. A king in the attitude of confideratlon, and crofs-Ieseed ; his outer mTir* ,-c u.rn, v fi'f, i’is hofe and fhoes are feen; below this ftatuc is one^o the fmall windows giving light to Bilhop Grandifon'% chapel. No. 15. A king: his h^ead and right hand deftroyed, and in his left the miindus: at his fee the remains of a dog. The angel is embracing the columns. Thefe two ftatues are on thi north lide of the fecond buttrefs. “'o uumes are on thi No. 16. A bijliop : his right hand loft, in his left a fcroll. The angel's head deftroved No 17. A billlop ; his head, and hands, which held the label near them, gone. Theange perfefl, which, with the foregoing one, are in attitudes of devotion. ^ ® * ^TOtlon this fame emblem was aflimej by Richard Fa, Bilhop of Wimbetle, a„a r r pos Cbnlh .i™s in b,s^ma,„ifice« fepa.cCe, apB No. 18, [ 7 ° ] No iS Aklivo nearly pcrfeoT; he brings Ills onler garment round him with his riglit hand and with hfs left he appears to addrefs Ibme perfon or other. The angel has loll part of the left arm. Thefe two ftatues are on thefolith fide of the lecond buttiefs. No to A king; his feet loft; a part of the hilt of a fword ,n Ins nght hand and of a Iceptcr inhislctt; his ha.r on the rules is divided into long flownng cur s; the neck b.src h,s vcdl moft fnpci-blv decorated wrth birds, each b.rd furrounded by a c.rcle. and floevers bettveen the rirclcs- he is Cl ofs-legg’d. The angel is perfcdl, and icems addrefting the heholdeis. Ni ao and a? Two kings, petfea, all but the crown of the fiift; only the upper part „ their bodies arc feen, iflhing front ornamented brackets they have no outward robe, and their mantles have very rich borders; between them is a creature fitting, parta.nng ot tnc bud and bead kind; below is the fmall door on the right bde of the great weft door. No '2 A king- his right hand and foot deftroyed; his outer robe is faftened at the nioiiN dei-s b'v'a large circular ornament, from which fprings an enriched colLar, fimlhing with a t.ti- ■ ■ ii-e the remains of a hawk, the ancient mark of nobility; he is erols- fel; on his left fill are kcro’d. The anfiel’s right arm is gone. , ^ , • i .! No 2m A knight. This ftatue is quite perfeft; the vifor of Ins helmet is up ; round file neck is the mail armour, which is hkewife Icen on his arras and feet; his robe is t.iftened with •an otnaniented collar terminating in atafl'e! ; the pi-te aim uron the rutllde of his arms, on bis thighs, and on the left leg, is covered with the fame w-.-rk as that on the armour of the ftatlie ift No. , t, with wires and ftuds; down the front . i the leg are larger fttids ornamented; his gauntlets anil knee-pieces are plain ; on the body part ot the armour Is the crois ; he holds his fword under liis left arm. From the great refemblance wlneli this ftatiie bears to the one of Hilhop Grandirm^ father on his tomb, in f ^ Exeter and in irarticolar the manner of holding the fword, it rnay he concluded that the hilhop was willing to place in this royal affemblagc the effigies of his tatl-.er, and to f^ ve as a protedting genius to the monumental chapel within this (omptiious fereen, which vv.,s one day to hold his mortal remains. The angel is nearly obliterated. SEALS in the PolJefion o/ Craven Ord, Efq. F. A. S. No. I, Is the obverfe of the great feal of Henry VII. Legend, pemiJCDass Eicii iners axieass sjfKaocie sea: s iOTioe&Bie. No. 2, Is the reverfe with the fame Infcription, having only one rofe between each word.* No. 3, Is the office feal of the vicar-general of the Bifliop of Salijiiiry. Legend, @>3,OSLlLti)3j). DJrKCJS .BJCaaJS .®2Ji3eRaiLJ& .C13Jg>i!i:0|3aU&«@>aK. No. 4 and 5. The feal and counter-feal of Sir Reger de HuntmgfieU.\ Legend, G.O® • E>1® • . t)DJE!i£Ji3!3®f riaCI. • The crauiiJ refemblina the malhes of .i net, has a rofe in the centre of every lozenge, and a fleur de Lis npon each kno.T the' rots Ihetv hi, dfleent from the Lancadrians, and the Hems de Lis Ins royal blood from Ca*r,„r of iranc, '“V'SSj'r S/Jnermr/ra married Cuil, danghter of Sir Ifalur i, Ninehl, and died 1338. Arms, Or, a fefs gnles, thiee plates. H AVING now given Specimens of every kind of Ancient Sculpture and Kingdom, I cannot conclude this work without making my moll grateful acknowledgments to my Subferibers for their long indulgence, during the unavoidable of it. I can, however, affure them, that, on my part, neither laboiir nor expence have been fnared to render the work worthy of their patronage. I a]fo t^e this ‘ ing my warmefi: thanks to thofe gentlemen whofe defcriptive effays of the feve a p , in lb confpicuous a manner, ferved to iiluftrate them. London, May \ 794. JOHN CARTER. F I N J S.