wm 7VTO? '• T •' > r M TREAT RUM fc ^ *J3 O TAN IC UMW THE THEATER OF PLANTE S > ompofcd by John larJunfon dpotnccaryc of" London, and the Kangs Hcrbarist • L ONDON . 'Printed by Tho: Cotes AO L O M O Tculps it 6 THE AT RUM BO TANICVM: - THE THEA TER OF PLANTS. O R AN HERBALL O F LARGE EXTENT: Containing therein a more ample and cxa£t Hiftory and declaration of the Phyficall Herbs and Plants that are in other Autbours, encreafed by the acceffe of many hundreds of new,rare,and ftrange Plants from all the parts of the world,with fundry Gummes,and other Phyficall materi- als, than hath beene hitherto publifced by any before 5 And a moft large demonstration of their Natures and Vertues. Shewing vvithall the many errors, differences, and overfights offundry Authors that have formerly written of them - and a certaineconfidence, or mod probable con- jedure of the true and genuine Hetbes and Plants. Diftributed into fundry Glades or Tribes, for the more eafie knowledge ofthe many Herbes of one nature and property 3 with the ehiefe notes ofD'.L obel, D Bonham, and others ini'erted therein. CclleAed by the many yeares travaile,mduftry,and experience in this fubjed, by John Tarkinfon Apothecary of London, and the Kings Herbarill. JndT'Mifbed by tbe KJngs i5Ma)efiyes efpeciallprmledge. LONDOTSl. Printed by Tho. Cotes. 164 o. T . J&^WwWWWM^W^^W* HE KINGS MOST excellent MAIESTIE. Aving by long paines and endeavours, compofed this Manlike Worke of Herbes and Plants, Moll graci¬ ous Soveraigne(as I formerly did a Feminine of Flow¬ ers, and prefented it to the Queenes mod: excellent Majelty)! could doencleffethen fubmifdvelylayitat your Majediesfeet,tobe approved or condemned,and ifthought fit and worthy a publtque paffage, to offer it on the Altar of your Majedyes many favours to me,to be commanded as well as com¬ mended unto all forth irowne good. For as your Majedy is Summui Taterpatria ,the chiefs of your people under God,that not onelyprovi- deth for their foules health, that they may have the pure W ord of God, whereby to live ever,wherein we judlyclaime the prerogative above a, ny Nation under Heaven,and mod: devoutly praife God for the fame, and defire religioully to live thereunder: but manywayes alfofortheir bodily edates,bygood and whokfomeLawes,that every one may live obediently and peaceably under theirowne Vine and Figcree, and by protedfion,(5cc. And I doubt not of your Majediss further care oftheir bodies health.that fuch \T orkes asdeliverapprovedremedyesmaybe divulged, whereby thry may both cure and prevent their difeafes.Moft properly therefore doth this Worke belong ro your Majedies Patro¬ nage both to further and defend, that malevolent fpirits diould not dare to cad forth their venoirre or afpertions,to the prejudice ofany well deferving,but that therby under God and good direction,all may live in health,as well as wealth,peace,and godlines,which Godgrant, and that thisboldnede may be pardoned to Your Majeftyes Loyall Subject, Scrvanr,and Herbaria, John Tctrhjnfon, To the Reader. He difafrous times, lut much more wretched anJ pernverfe men haVe fo fane prevailed againjl my intended purpofe,and promije, in exhibiting this IVor he to the publicke View of all ; that their extreame covet oufmfje had Taell nigh deprivedmy Country of the fruition: ‘But having at lajl, though long and with much adoe, broken through all ob/lacles oppofing tandem prodiit in lucem. And although by the revolution of time it hath chaib ged the note (that is from a Phyficall Garden of Simples to a Thea¬ ter of Plantsjjirf not the nature,yea rather it hath gained the more matter by the oVerure, that intending to exclude many of thofe things that were not proper for it, this including a tot quot did poterint. For finding in my P rofejsion many flips and errors crept therein and incident thereto, it firredup a defre in me, having rightly weighed them, ferioufy to confider how fuch a cufomary cufome euill be left off and amended 5 yet not doubting of the- effett, by the religi¬ ous inclination of my Qountry when jufl reafonsfall he fewed therefore, (although fame delight to be obflinate, and becaufe they were bred up in errors, they will not be Wifer then their Fathers, but together live and dye in them, yea and condemns that light that others haVefccauje they thinke their darkenejje better ) bothtoaVoyd and amend them: hut to accomplif this, hie labor hoc opus erat, this was a tasks lay fomewhat hca^y on me to undergoe, and tooke up nofmall time to finifb, howfueVer Mafer Iohnfons agility could eafily wade through with it, and his younger yeares carry away greater burdens, for faith he,heavy taskes are Worfl borne by them that are leaf able, but his quickefpeed may conclude with this adage Canis feftinans ccecos paritcatullos : but how and inwhatjort it is done f league to judicious cenftre, not to farpe toothed and tongue dfelfegn awing envy, that will traduce all others workes to magnife their oWne; for mine owne part, although I boaf not of great learning, fuch as might better have illufrated this Works, yetfeeing my genius bathe full and beneficial! toyou : let Mom us chaps therefore befiowed up to barkeno more. Among other the good ufes this Ttorke affor deth flois may be one,that it will helpe to correfl the Englifh names in all the Dictionaries to bee hereafter fetforth ^ tohich have them in many ignorantly , in fmie contrary,in mofl devious , in 'very few true, whereby many hoping foi helpe in their Dictionaries when an Her ball 'teas not at hand baho but little intended this prachfe , baiting enough to doe otherwayes, andyet it is as J may fofay,tbefundamcntall part thereof, and approved by Galen in his cen/ure of Simples, and Diolcorides Text ) but to helpe their memories , and Tvithall tofhew them my judgement f that they mifiakc not one thing for another, or one mans plant for another, Tehicb'J hope will well deferve their good liking: for the various concedes ofmen about Plants fts for the mofl part accor - ding to their knowledge in than , and hath caufed fuch miflakings and controverfle, as are to be feerie in their writings Goeforth now therefore thou iffte artificiall of mine,and fupply the de- febl of a Natural!, to heare up thy Fathers name and memo y tofucceeding ages y and tvhat in thee lyeth cffeEl more good to thy ‘Prince and Qountry then numerous of others, Tvhich often prove rather plagues thenprifts thereto, andfeare not theface of thy fierceftfoe: but fay that while we live ( although the courfe of the World is Orientem Temper adorare Solem non occh dentem) Wpermultadiferimina rerumrendimus in Patriam fupercceleftem, if any oppofe thee, or profiff'e himfetfe a ProElorfor Bauhinus or any others flips, the liftsJhallbe ready, and the controVtrfie ex ore decided: ifextinEl let the judicious determine the matter. Andbecaufe fomemay ohjeEl Jamfomewhat too tart and quicke, my Apology to dlls Amicus nnhi Plato, Amicus Seneca fed magis Arnica mihi veritas: Accept therefore in courte- fie of his paines that hath onely intended it for your good, and if J have eyther flipped or over flip¬ ped,With a gentle hand amend it-, fo fhallheflill be ' Thine in what he may, Iohn Parkinson, hBotanicm Tfigius . Iohanni Parkinfon Pharmacopoeo Londinenfi, Regis Botanico primario. S.P. Rodeat tandem & propiddLucind vitali fruatur aurd decennis il!a fcetura ingenii tui peripicacis, & laboris indefcili^ inriman. dis &. aperiendis fcecundx Veft* penecralibus, ejufque perlu- ftranda fuperficie,ad Vegetabilis Regni firmamentum, cui par- tui neque ipftim Diofcoridem Anazarbatum pudeat obftetrjcari. Tam (cite, tam elegancer, cam enucleate abs te defcripta de- picftaque omnia, qua: in hunc ulque diem, Rei herbaria: ftu* diofis innocuerunt, tit habeatabunde tua 'Britannia undedetepcffit jure gloriari: In cujus opulentififimi, amoenififimij fertiliffimi regni grande dccus, Mithrida- tis ( maximi fuaattate Regum ) curiolam circa materiam medicam ledulitatem, Evacis Regis Arabum,Crateva:, Dyonyfii, Metrodori, Macri < 5 c catterorum qui fimplicium notitia cluerunc olim dotes eximias,cum neotericorum ariificiofa In- dagine, in unumcoegiftifafciculum, datis quidem immenfo difquifitionis & ob = fervadonumOceano limitibus, tam laxis tamen & fequacibus, ut ad inftrudif- fimi hujusgazophylaciifi]pplementum,nova congeries granatim polTitindies mag, na cum facilitate accrefcere. Botaniciut plurimum men funt nomen clatores, qui ptatclareferem geffiflearbitrantur,fi perluftratis variis plagis, nominarepertorum fimplicium,& forfan eorum leones redigant in volumen, quo opera pretio arti fa* tis cautum exiftimant. Tu veto non pratermifld externa plantarum fpecie,earum corpora penetras medullitus,& fingularum virtutes in publicam falutem,& morta- lium folatium tam graphicepandis, ut deincepspopularescui^/)g/i ("gens ad pa* cem,bellum,fcientias,artes,ad omnia apta,nata) Thefaunnaturaditiflimam,mor-. bifque tutb debellandis utiliffimam partem, cultu donatam vernaculo, (hiftoriam nempe Vegetabilium, virtutum affignationenobilitatam ) penitiffime no(Te,atque hafee3* w&s nudas exofculari, Sc fibi ipfis applicare valeant. Circa opens tui laudes volubili vel bullatS. oradoneexpatiariinjuriofumduco : quippe Vino ven= dibili non eft opusfufpenfa hederd. Suum iibi pariac Liber tuus encomium,quem nemo fanxmentiSjOpeiun nature peritus, fine Authoris fingulari commendati* one unquam perledturus eft. Siquis exoriatur velMomus vel Zoilus, qui Male- dicendi prurigine, aut infanabili cacoethe Iaborans,tua carpere audeat, illr malis avibus aggreftus dormientem Herculem,cum Achemotie & Paffalo vidius vindtufi que,ex vi&orisclavd atternum pendeat. Imbellium catellorum inanes latratus Ipernuntgenerofi molofIL Non fiferuperitille Parerit. Interimtucalumnia- rumfecurusatque Sc contemptor. In amplificarido tuoTheatro pergito quamdiu vixeris.Hanc imponit tibi provinciam,ejufque pofeiefoenus 7 {E X Qa \0 LV S Dominus npfter Magna:! Britani& Monarcha,cui placuit nuperrime honorificum tibi dare I I dare titulum Botanici Regii Primarii,virtuti tux fane non indebitum, quo fit ut in Medicam Aulxfamiliamaccitus, tenearis opus tuum Serenitifimo Principi dedi¬ cate cum prxfationereligiofaCaiiValgii ad Diuum Auguftum ( cui etiam lucu, brationes fuas botanicas offerebat illuftris & eruditionel'peftatus vir ) Vt omnibus malis humanis (prxfertim fortunatarum infularum quibus fcelicuer imperac:) femper medicctur ejus Majeftas: Defcendeaudatfterinarenam, in qua ucdiutiffl- mc bono publico exercearis,& longiffima precum vota pro Rege, Patria, probis omnibus nuncupes &fundas, atque alacriter & ftrenue m Botanic* defudespalx- lira,opto tibifi non Artephii Philofophi, millenariididi, faltem nobibsRizoro- mi antiqui, Antonii CaHoris (Tlinio noti) ixculum, qui centefimum annum exceffit, nullum corporis malum expertus, ac ne state quidem memoria aut vigore concur* fis. Vale ex meo A/m/xo Londini Jdibns Aprilis Jnno/alutis , 1640. The odor vs de Mayer m’’ Eques auratu4,'Baro/ilboM ) mJuh ‘Regum Magme 'Britannia Iacobi ejr Caroli,P.Cy F. Archiatrorum Qomts. In fn Laudem Opens, & Authoris Do- mini Iohannis Parkinfoni Archi Botanici Regii DignifT? & PharmocopoiaePeritilsimi. Ela quod invidiac,dentes quod defpuit xvi, Hie Tarkw/oni Nobile cerms opus. Hie fimul Alcinoi fpedtas & Adonidis hortos, Quiequid & Herbarum barbara Colchis haber. Afpicishic quiequid Boreae contermina Thule, Quiequid & /Ethioptim torrida fundit humus/ Nobilis hie Tamelis mefles miratur Eoas Quotquot & occiduo gramina foie tepenc. Qui dedithasPatria:gazas,me Iudicc, vincit Afta Cleonei Pharmacopola ducis. Claruic HdperidumlpoliisTyrinthius: hortos Hieexpilavitquotquot in Orbevides. SMatcheUs Lifterus Eques Auratus Regiarum Majeilatum Medicus Cubicularius. L Dignifsimo viro lo.Parkini'ono Pharnacopaso cxper- tiffimo, Botanico Regio folertiffimo. f'dio fygaudeo(Cbarifsime ParHnfone)lucubrationes tu.ts Botanical nunc tandcmproJirc in lucent, fcuverius inTheittuferius quids ab incude tun quamoptabasprodeunt tamenhacvernatempeflate opportutte,cum Plante ipfebybernis compedtbus expedite emergunt e terra,if novis re it thus amide quad [ammo congratulandi deftderio obviam Ubro tuo reniunt-, fallorftquid in hoc genereviderim plen m nut limatiuttnam quicquidpurioris fieei habem infuvs Imftmdiis veteref & non, noftratesiftranj- ■marini Scriptores Herbartijotum ad hoc opus mtUuifiimum viderit exuxift'e. £ui jampridem inlucentprod/it Paradtfta tuns autEUnlegium,touts erat conftatus ex Eeneribus ctGratiisjfftgtes qtledan erat ridentis,lndentis, lafctvientis nature, feptuqrtaftaut coroliaex ommflorid gpnerecomextajcnoveMiveraerat Potyanibea,Dea- bus medicine Hygie if Panacee dedicate: Sed iftndutum Theatrum tanquamfecundafeges, magisfrugibus quam ftoribus luxttriat, ipfius foSfculapii patrocinio dignitts, if ad ufusmedicos accomodatias: hie entm medi- cam oeconomiam mflrttis ommfarto[mqlicium apparatu, tanquam ftdeliftmus medicine mtnifter totem terre epulemi.tm ctmgeris in eranum pharmaceuticum. Hie non fjpeciofos terre tepetes if aulea explicas ad. ornatum if Majeftatem univerft, fed commodiora e)us utenftlia adfolatium if fubjidium generis humani,pro ftmelicis altmeniapro egrotis phermace,pro Unguermbus cardiacs, pro fIngalls morbts fingula remedia exfe- cundo terre finu dr gremio depromis: Ex finu tnqaam terre if gremio, non exintimis terre vtfceribiu if mcduulho, Miner aha ftquiiem in profundis terre recefibus recotidit,if procul a liberorum confpedu abfcendtt fagacifima naturaparensyenqua cultellosautgladios tenellis Word corporibus nociturosiVegetabUiarero tan¬ quam terremammas if itbera in fimma cj us cute & extima fuperficie nudapropalavit: nos enimnonmodo dum fumus embryonesfedliri if fenes edhuc ririmus vitam plant e,if Indies nutrimur a terre umbiheo. Quevi- tamhabentcedantvirentibus feheiusinmedecinam,folain alimenum,quia blanda quitdam nature famtlia- ritate fenfimdiUbumurtn eorum viscera,if injinuant fi in eorumfangumem,tilts quaftcognara[anguine : mi¬ ner alia uero rpfa cumfnt rite expertia,vitam incident, mortem inferuntvivemibus,ni(i innate illorummahtia in fornacibus Vulcani novis Spagyricorttm artibus edometur : plan;arum cum hominibus tame eft ftmilitudoy/t homtnem plant am inverfamBivimu Plato ntmupccrcrit, mineraltum quiaprorfm nulla eft cum humane corpo- re ftmilitudo,milla erit (tit loquuntur Schola ) ajTimilatio.Fuit altquando Mide in auntm fabulofa metamorpho- fts, at aurttn Midam nepoetaris/n aliquis [omniavit. JVequevero [ol am generic am focietatem inetint Plante cumhomutibus,quia ambo in unaviventiumfamiliajedillarumplurime arBioremvendicantcumhnmanis par- tibus fjmpathiam if analogidm, unde alie capitt,alie oculis , aliepulenonibus, ahe )ccori, alie henifpeciftcam dicarunt operam, if ab tilts qu'ibus famulantur partibus nomenclatures fuss derivarunt , ntquennda tantum no¬ mine earum feruntftedinftguia,quiius at magnatamfamulidtferiminantur: nam(ft Hermeticis credimtts) fg- natures phqftognomonicas plant is inufit fummus nature parens,if ipfis qttaft tor emblemata if charaBeres infculpftt,non mode occultarum fuarum virium indices if notes,fedparuum quibtts inferriunt figures ftj expref- fes imagines, incundifma fimilitudme referentcs^tiss gaercetan-tt if CroUins curiofuss idinearum: gejlit calamuiin hoc campo liberiusfpatiari, fedne canceOos fuos mea tranftliat Epiftola,revoco mead Theatrum tu. um, in quo apparet miragen 'u ingeniique tut in re Tbounicifoelicttas, labor indrfejjus, ncc horarum modo fed (quod pudet dicere ) mummorum tuornm fumptiu non mediocris: Vereor mi P.irkinfonc, te non pojje cam Mat- tbiolo nloriari, tt Macenates habitiffe Imperatores,Regies, Archiduces,Card'malesfpifcopos, (ipfius utor ver¬ bis) quiauro artrentoquebos conatos tuos j rrer'mt cumulatitts ; Credonullos mires aureoshortum tuumirrigate, oupottos ut bonopublico inferviresprivate defuifti,ut liberiusvacaresftudio, Pbarmecepelium defentifhfpre- toque viliorislucelliaucupio totus inhortulo tuo confenefcisiquiddixi, te fenefeere ? nullane in Paradifotuo ar- borvite, que feneButemtuam retardet ? nu!leneinThc3XrotuoherbePalfimice,neBaris nativi reftauratri- ces, ex quibtts Medea fuum antidotiimcompa[uit,magnum illttd fecretum, quo^Efonem ultimo confechtm fenio reftituit j uvemutilft illarum notitiainfehcimperierit,at noftratesHerbe quequotannisrepullulantjrtwefcunt, refiOrefcuttt,paremft non etati tue,fa»te quidem tuegratiammdulgelunt, ifperenmgrautudtne femperfpira- buut faavem nominis tut auram: mthi cum taliadefunt Vharmaca,non deeruntvota,vt dut vivas cfvalees. Tuns Datum Calend Aprilis. 1640. Simon Baskcrvill Equcs Auratus. D, M. To To Englands chiefcft Herbarift, Matter fuhn 'Tartiinfon. Worthy Sir, ~ ~ . Have S iven . C as was duejmany thankes to my learned good friendJD '.Bamhridre for communicating tome the fight and perufall of yourcliargeablepnduftriaus fu- dicious, uMull, Herculean Botanical! labours. The Commonwealth of learning particularly the Tribe of Phyfitians, Apothecaries, Chirurgians, the Court of No.’ , the friS™ Ie ^ aU i! h ° l0VC k n°^ledge 3 delight, and the honour and good of , their Country,owe thankes to you, a Benefadtourto the publique, toyourNati- — . , n on > £ o many millions of particular perfons, to the prefent and mcceedinnaies A Triumphallevergreene Lawrell crownelsdue toyou,for maftering fuch difficulties for^conciue ring the great enemyes of a civill World,Ignorance and Barbarifme, fqrfaviSfiany CitSof ^?^5’ VV ^ e /-^ ount jY 3 ^'P n l i: ^^ 1 S er 5 difeafes, deftruftion, by your carefullunderftanclingdireaions j P ro P“fitremedies,in fuch a rational! pleafingway. Oxford and EmhndaK haDDv^n the fonn’ ationofafpecious illuftnous phyfickeGarden,compleatelybeautiful?y walled andgated nowin levelling and planting,with the charges and expences ofthjifands by the3™ Honomah e Earleol the urnifhing and enriching whereof,and ofmany a LT'wifiu£ delightfull plants,will be the better expedited by yourpaineful) happy fttisfying Worke. 1 Tho.Cutto Majfftiej profejfor ofrlyfcke, Oxon, W i 'W% To the excellent Herbarift M r , fohn Tarkinfon. sir, •• Art^nd Judgement: wherein,™ at ;,“ d ch /e»;“q«Ae Herbes,and Flowers. It isa curious nnnrrair -, n ,l ,Vr. Ind,es J ofmany rare Plants, tanique Pandedts, and the HerbariftsOracle.a rich M c j^ lonofth Eart!ls flowred mantle,the Bo- periments, andolherratftie” AndtS £P^call ex- bemgne Conftellation) an Aufpicious defigne of our OxfJr -( not without th influence offome ficence of the Honorable Founder) once flniffied,wi!lbe^ ■ wh,ch . b . cln S ( b Y the Muni- of moft dehghtfuU.and ravilliing objefts. another ParadifeIriST this Th^! *?**?"’' Pa alleII,themoft com P leate,and abfolute Worke (in this kind A vet kno Thcatc h »s without >he de&ri F <- mu be a perpetiall Monument of your Name, Art,and Induftry sLffi 7 s s™ 0 th ° W ° rld : and * the vote of one, that is fincerely, rr.anynaultry. Such ( Sir) is your merit, and . Ml . iM RhH^IWM :‘d W\ ci i four affcRionate friend , I»HN Bainbridgs, Do ft or of Phyfique, and Profefforof Aftronos f Aftronomy, Or:to. To To the Worthy Apothecary and Herbarift Matter Iohn Parkinson. M frI ^Ouhavc built us aBotanickeThea r er 5 with fuch excellent skill and advantage to the Spedator- that at one view he commands the profped of both Hemifphers; and ail their vegetables in the pride of beauty: ranged in their proper orders,decking the Hils, Plaines' Valleycs,Medowe$, Woods, and Bathes, with fuch a world of fhap.es and co¬ lours, fo delightfull to the eye,fo winning upon theration dl Soule which feeds on ra- ies! that we cannot hope for a more compleateParadile upon earth, till Nature have found out a wftocke for more variety; what can be added to this I fee nor; norisit (I beleeve) yet knowr.e tbebeft of Artifts that have made fearch. It* Cenfiit. nties new 1 toth< fo. Speed. Med. D. Oxon. Elogium in Theatrum Botanicum Iohannis Parkinfoni E amplius nobis indet QateVam, Audi earn,Diojcoridem Gracia,fuajuofque tantummirarifolita ; Ecce,ex ultimo Occidents, Sf penitustoto divi/is orbe Bricannis, Exoritur nobis ja?n diuex optatns Solalter Botanicorum, Qui alios omnes luce fua prteflrinxit, Et,tanqum nanus humerisgiganteisJublatm, This aliis arfimque, in unum conge/sit, “fibique, LeBor, mo intuitu SpcBanda propofuit, ltaque dijpofuit, Vt,quie mole ufiique maxima fint, Ordineisr methodoquafi modica allubefcant. Sileat Quit cyan as formas,-y ires ,di{cr'mina } caufas. Explicit aut cunolos ujus diftinguere pojfit ? Testatum multisquorum mommenta fuperfunt, Sudarunt Gray atque Itali, Germania,Galli AngIigenat,Belgae ; nullis labor improbns illo Gentibus intaElus : Lticem * Parlonius adfert * 3>4rife/o»««; Jngentem, pojfet jam ptrfecijfrvideri ‘jn queis dt flaunt dltj,paucifftnia reliant. Quid tibi pro mentis tantis/vir magne , precemur ? Alma Ceres tibifarra dicat,tibi dulcia Vina Bacchus fir omnimodos fruclus Pomona miniflret: Cater a flue jfondet jam Tfpmt’n fijex tum ) addet i Eojleritas jiimarnflu.-mtam meruijjefatetur- Tui obfervantillimus I. D. Leet Lugduni Batavorum (a) 3 Fo my old Friend and the Kings Herbarift Theatrum Botanic urn B rebus hath fifty times lajh't through the fignes. Since thou intend’ft this Iubile of lines. And now ‘tie extant ; and fhallfwiftly fcou’re. Through darke oblivion to the worlds lafl hour:. From fragrant afies of Antiquicie Phoenix-like j\rung } this is the loft(halldye. And if old Dodon were alive againe, Heere Would he wonder, hence more knowledge gaine- Cafpar th' Helvetian^«dMathiolus The Tulcan, by thy Bookefhallvaile to us. Heere s more thengrowes in the Botavizn ground ; ^Andmore then's in Patavian Garden found: Qr vernant Oxfords Plat mere fivers fide . By which brave Maudlens Char well (Ml(hall glide Montpeliers flow’rymeadoWes yeeld to thee ; More in thy leaves, then on their beds we fee. Yet thy rich Worke which wepent ft,and ufe, Th' unwary vulgar rajbly mayabuje. This Was not thy intent '.yet thy good paines froflitutesnoble Phvficjuc unto Swaines. Yet fhll enjoy thy Ground, andwe thy Booke, on Which Pollerity [hall ever looke ; Lodge in the higbebed • and at thy beds feete Thy Plants in their moiflpallets atifhallmeete. From them to T hee,J will tranfplant that name, Semper vrjvm.'si^an • forfuch mufl bee thy fame. Kyepe thy Hefperides ; may thy her bet With thee Still bloome ; by Prefler never blafled bee. And feeing by thy hands the day is Wonne, No night of Age fh all cloude bright Parke-in-funne. Scrip fit lot UK IS HtllUtY* Oxonienfis, The Claffes or Tribes contained in this Worke, arethefe: i fg££3§^|LantxOdorata. Shiite [nulling Plants. 2 Cathartics five Purgantes. 'Purging Plants . 3 Venenofs, Narcotics, Nocivs & Alexipharraacx. Venemous[leepyytind Hurtfull Plants,And. their Counterpoyfent. 4 Saxifrags Plants, Nephritic* five Calculum frangentes. Saxifrages^ or Breakef one Plants . 5 Plants Vulneraris esandPjedes. 14. Plants Paludofx Aquatics & Marins, Mufci Sc Fungi. Alarjh , Water andStaPlants,andMoffesymiMu[hromes> 15 Mifcelanea. TbeVnorderedTribe. 16 Arbores&Frutices. Trees and Shrubbes. 17 Exotics & Peregrins Plants. TheatroBotanico Appendix. Strange and Outlandif) Plant t. Jn appendix to the Theater of Plants. PLAN- ■ ' ' V W- 211 ■ ’ : - lO 1 ; : .n t .-ho . ■ » . -•■ • i ■ f > :••. 1 : .z:> isjjLLil a . ? 3 i 2 i *3 j!.. r..O r ; v.orm'I'zi' .: ■ /bcJ'i-l,-ilor: V ? ; -lit \{MY.-V.UV. ,'J 1 Wjl'iU. \ * \ \ .tv..-' .:. 4 V»\ l" ,’j xbZ .*511 ' .Es:nr.'.il<.lfx' ■ ,• j Li , ir..-iin v.i’'l . i:>n T ,i-J. . ..inn; M r .. . X'/■. : I..;;-.' j .t/joic ■ i '.nuv\l«a »H O 1 V. •\v.uYLi-.vi. iu'J .imXi tiv-, 0 - 41 'snh»\?.samH •-'.••jfh--/''-.O 1 •» 4 \: l XuV.'v’;, ’ ’ ' ‘ ViWWi l ; .WUmT) . . t .vkAHy. ;..>!»i*aV‘ ' -m; -. ion.:!. . :. „ Jrntrl i’’ i.;H/.iiii;!/1 -..'i-up ' L'i ! \ •t.'i' ' ! .VVfc: 4 \ ;> T.!. j- . i'.'iv bv!. -ck Vjt\ i .RVi^vJliM f .r.Wsv’?' • .3, jiiovl ii ar.od'.A .. * % • •tttuM &\S. v-UnOL &';:m :"/.! c I ,yiz r . .x..i';ez'.T .ite! i’^o^MwVV vholn v a. • -Vi A J 4 Hyjfopus vulgaris. Common garden Hyfope. HEATRU ; BOTANICVM: PLANT M, ODORATiE. CLASSIS PR.IMA. Svveetefmelling Herbes. The firftTribe. ROM a Paradife of pleafant flowers Jam fallen (Ad,m like) toaworldofprofita^ ble Herbes and Plants ,(Ft Onrne tulit punttum ejuirmjcuit mile dale: ') namely thole Plants that are frequently ufed to helpe the difeafes ofour bodies: Ill whichworld or lea of Simples, I have propounded to my felfe this methode; to diftribute them into!undry CUfies or Tribes, that lb as neere as may be',and ismoll convenient, Ihall be forredoqc thofc lever,ill Herbes and Plants that are fit for each Tribe,tim fo they may be round in one place together : and firft of the Hifopes. Hyjfopm. Hyfope. CHAP. I. ""Here are fundry forts of Hyfops,whereof the mod are unknowne to many : properties fuaU follow. i Hyjfopia Vulturis ,Common garden Hyfope The common garden Hyfope is fo well knownetoall that have a garden, or that have beeneina garden,, that I (halibut feeme attttm cutere fa bellow my time in Jefcribing it to be a final bulhy plant, that rifeth up more than a foot high; with many wooddy branches, but tender; at the tops whereof are fet at certaine diftauces, fundry fmall long and narrow greene leaves : at the tops of the ftalkes (land blewifh purple gaping flowers,in fpiked heads one rowe above another : after which follow the feed,which is fmall and blackilh : the roote is fomewhat wood¬ dy with many threddy firings: the whole plant is of a ftrong fweete lent. 2, 3. Hyffoptu folijsnhieis : cr folips eiureit, White Hy¬ fope, and golden or yellow Hyfope. Thefe two forts of Hyfope are both of the fame kinde with the common Hyfope, but differre onely in the party colouring of the leaves; the white having diverfe leaves parted white and greene in the tnidft, and fome all or molt part white, and fome wholy greene, or with fome ftripes in the greene : for all theft forts are feene together upon one Plant. The golden or yellow forr,hath the uppermoft leaves ufually wholly yellow in the dim¬ mer time, parted with greene; the lower leaves often abiding without difcolouring- 4. Hyjfopmfol scinerift. Ruffet Hyfope. This Ruffet Hyfope alio differeth from the former in no other chiefe matter, than in the colour of the leaves, which are of a grayifn or afh colour, which fome call Ruffet; this is likely to be chat fort that Bmhinus faith was font him from SneUnd, y. Hyjfopm furculit dmfis ' Double Hyfope. This Hyfope groweth lower, and thicker fet with (lender and not fo wooddy branches, bending fomewhat downewards, and B c HAT, Theatrum Sotanicum. Tribe i. 6. Ujffopus latifolia. Broad leafed Hyfope. 7- HyJToptafoli'n crenatls. lagged or denied Hylop. much more thicke fet with leaves of a darke greenc colour: in the flower and other things it differeth not from the fir ft. 6 . Hyffopm latifolia, Broade-leafed Hyfope, This alfo differeth not from the firft here lpecified, but in ha¬ ving larger and broader greene leaves, upon more woody ftalkes,keeping forme and fubftance. 7. Hyffopmfolijs crenatis. lagged or dented Hyfope. This difference of the dented leaves, maketh me to let it downe as another fpecies hereofas others have done. 8. Hyffopm mofehata vclde O'/ijJiz.Musked Hyfope. Gefner in Horfjs Germania remembreth this Hyfope todif- ferre nothing from the ordinary Hyfope,but in the fent,which is lo gratious and pleafant, that it commeth neereft to the fent ofMuske. 9 . Hyffopm Arabuinjloribui rttbris vel alb is. White or red flo\yred Hyfope. The red or white flowred Hyfope differ but a little from the garden fort,yet are diftinguifhed from it, in that they both doe ufually beare red or white flowers, all oh one fide of the fpike, yet continue not conftant in that forme, but change in¬ to the forme of the ordinary kinde. 1 o.Hyffopm minor jive Hyjpamca , Dwarfe Spanifh Hyfop. This Spanifn kinde is a fmaller and lower fort, whofe bran¬ ches rife not fo high as the garden Hifopey but bend a little downe wards, the leaves alfo being fmaller and thicker,and of a fadder greene colour,and the heads or fpikes are alfo fhorter, but the flowers are purple like the garden fort. Z^/calleth thi s, Hyffopm parva angujlis folijs, 11. Hyffopm Coronata jive Comofa Cluji'j. Tufted Hylope. Tufted Hyfope is in leaves,flowers, and manner of growing * fomewhat like the common garden kinde, but a little fmaller and lower, the leaves being of a paler greene colour, and the top branches fpreading a little broader, have fhorter fpikes of leaves and flowers growing as it were in tuftes,which hath caufed the name, ana noted ir a difference. 12. Hyfopmfolijscrijpis, Curld Hyfope. Curld Hyfope hath the leaves curled orcrampledat the edges,that each leafe feemeth to be compofed of many : and herein confuteth the chiefeft difference. 9 . H/jfopus Arabum. White or red flowred Hyf. 10,Hyffopus minor five HI (panic a- Dwarfe Spanifli Hyfope. 11. Hyffopm Comma five Comofa Clufii • Tuft ed Hyfope; 13 . Hyfopfii T R I B E. 1. { Ibe Theater of ‘Plants. C H A Pj 1» i 3. Hyffopus montana. Mountaine wilde Hyiope. Mountaine or wilde Hyiope is very like unto the garden kinde,ior the manner of growingrbut that the leave* which are not fo many at a joynt,are fomwhat harder and rougher,and a little hairie,and fomwhat narrower alio, which (as Matthiolm faith) being brought into gardens,and there cherilhed^will by time put off that roughneffe* and become more milde and gentle, the tafte whereof is much more bitter, and nothing fo hot or fweete as the common kinde:the flowers and feedes are like the garden fort, both for forme and colour. 14. Hyffopus angufti folia (fie at a. Narrow leafed Hyfope. Narrow leafed Hyfope is a fine kinde,and hath many (lender hard ftalkesywhereon are fet at diftances,as in the common Hyfope,many fmall greene leaves, but longer and nar¬ rower than'they, and ending in a longer point: the flowers like- 1 f-^yJPtp^folijs Origan*. 14 Hyjfopui auguflijolti fpicatu wife grow at feverai diftanccs,as itwere in roundles, almoft from Round eafcd Hyfop ^ N ‘VT.: J3tcd H y fo P«. the middle of the ftalke up to the tppes, of a blewifh purple co¬ lour like the ordinary kinde, but much fmaller and fo is the leede alfo : the branches hereof will take roote and grow being laid in¬ to the ground, rhe roote fpreading much in the earth, J 5 • Hyffcpu* foHjsorijram. Round leafed Hyfope. This Hyiope hath divers hard woody ftalkes, whereon grow 4 fundry -fmall and almoft round leaves, one againft another, but - pointed at the endes, the heads or fpikes of flowers are like un~ : to the common fort,ofa blewifh purple colourjthe lent alfo diffe-, rcth little from it. Gerard hath fet forth an Hyfope with the leaves of Nummula- ru.CMonyrvonr, which peradventure might bee this kinde, yet I never faw fuch an one with him. 7 'The Place. Pena faith that our common Hyfope, growethon tine hills of- RcmaHia about Verona ,and neere unto Mount Raidas : the dwarfe kmde in Spabe x and the mountaine wilde kind, on the hils in ma¬ ny places of Germany, and as Matthiolm faith,on the hill Salvatin, in the Country of Gorina : the reft, with thefe' alfo when they may be gotten, are nourfedup in the gardens of the curious. The Time. They doe all flower in the fummer moneths of June and July. and their feede is ripe in the beginning or middle of Au cruft. The Names. It is called in Greetg f° r °ur common Hyfope is hot it, but is the true Hyfope of the Ara- nf TiirTr ! ca { ; c ge except Mxnhiolw,Who doth earneftly contend,that our garden Hyfope is the fa me coridesuUlrJ °t e •} r S ll ™ ents are too wcake,to perfwade any to be of his opinibn, for the defeription o fSDiof- iiiloVke a 1 u P e la 1 no face or true refemblance with ours, his bearing tufted heads like Chryfocome or Gol- fo mewWrn, ^ ln f P lkes:the Ie ^ 5 al «> & a te like unto tile Orig/mum OniJ, which are Hyfope^e AcT m V/ee heere fhortly after, and are not narrow and long.as thofe of^ JnlrZh ' K T -I Lu ° du ™t' retCe , th forth a ™. und lcafed Hyfope,which he taketh to be the true Hyfope the commonHvfone. eaves thereof whitifh, as thofe of Onitis, nor doe the heads much differ from rou"difti leave W ‘ *° R ro P? l m d eth another, that is our pot Mar/erome tobe the right, in thatithatft likclieft hfirK^rn C ^ ' Wja ?'^ tU ^ ec * ^ads °f flowers that arc fpread abroad like it alio, this he faith, is the Fahim CnLm 3 mi ^ In ? n ^ ere ^ unt0 die true kinde,unleffe as he faith, it may be referred unto an Origanum : but ieromr rfi **r°r 1 i iat Pena ^as well for that the tufted heads,are more like unto wilde Mar- J 4 m as a f " f f v" ^ 1:lr /erome,as Cratev M ,Serapip,Ifaack, CMefi.cs and others doe compare MaHeroi^ t ^ h . ,s whitift like unto Oritamm Or.it,s which thofe of Lebel & St S P ,tcb ? hearbe > fit for meate and and fo is our ordinary Hyfope VctourHvfnnp /f 1 ^ Dlo fc on .^ s makethhis to be.- audlaftly, that neither Lohsl his Marjerome,nor tile if cede thereof ^rhnT ill 1 of Diofcorides and others, howfoever it is ufually received in ourordiivm, -7) r ’ C ^ Cal.imnn,mS there fore by many reafons would perfwade ns to beleeve that like IS tbc ?" UC yH yf operas w ell for that the leaves are White,and the heades offloweS of,are in f 31rh ’ aSaIf ° f ’ ordl:1!:!llsvertuesand P ro P CT “ e sbytliebitterneil'ethere-. Ills H y f °P e ' whichare notremembredof Dw- bitterneife m ins Hyfope, yet Strip* doth as he faith; thus much ,. m of the auiiriVn^T } ^ ^ b ? himfcl f faith,that our Polmm is anfwerable in all the parts thereofunto the Pol,. refufehis SSi! n ,° S°° d 1 reafon.why it fhould be their Hyfope alfo,and therefore I dunk,we may as wee Odra ' saIfow0ldd make GmioU to be the true Hyfope, which the Hyfoue of the w. 4- an P dlc former. Bauhmus in Inis Pmax would make our ordinary Roieirtary, to be chav and so „ r ‘ i < jf‘ ?J, . ta ^ ln ?P eradv ® ncure Hsgrdundfrom the Scripture, in Saint Gofpell, the tp -P-. 9. rfe, wheicthe Sonldters bound a.lporigcwet in vinegar, to the end of an kvfopc (Uike.-to mit it 3 ? to HjftfU 8 foil jf NummHu laris. Chap. 2. Theatrum ‘Botanicim. T RISE [. to oar Saviours mouth when he was on the Crofl'e, in that cur ordinary Hyfope hath not To long a talkers might reach up fo high *, but both the Evaagelifts ,Matthew and Marks fay it was a recde, and it may bee that the Hylope llalke was bound therevnto, for Saint Irfw as an eye witncffe of what was done.calleth it as before : Now it is not likely that the Xewes had an other Hyfope,divers both from the Greekes & Arabiansjbut rather that their Hyfope was the fame of the Arabian ,being their neere neighbours, and as it flionld feeme.was to familiar to their Coun- trev that it gre-v on mtidde-walles.as the Scripture faith that Salomon fpake of if.which 1 verily thinke Rofemary doth not Eut H yfope is often mentioned in the Scripture, to bee ulcd in the Iewes ceremonies, which was not without materiall fignification; for as Saint ?a«l faith, all was done among them in types and figures, and to bee rightly underftood and well applied,were worthie of much obfervation and good life, Now although the true Hy¬ fope of©w/«WdM,and the other Greekes,is not yet certainely knowne, yet affuredly this which is knowne, and generally receaved.may fafdy be ufed in the dead thereof, untill the true Hyfope may be knowne. & 1 The 1 'ertnes. Diofcorldes faitli, that Hyfope boyled with Rue and Hony,anddrunkc doth helpc tliofe that are troubled with Couches fhortnefle of breath, wheefing, and rheumaticke diltillations upon the lungs ; taken alio with Oxymel it purgeth grofle humonrs by the ftoole, and with hony killeth the wormes m the belly, and taken alfo with fi-cfh or new fiogesbrmfed, helpeth to loofen the belly, but mote forcibly, if the roote ot the Ebwcrde- 1 Lice and Creffes (yet fome copies in head of Cardamon have CarAmomum, which I never knew put into any pur¬ ging medicine in our times,and Mdcer his verfc doth intimate Creffes thus folvesfonw r A. rum ) be added thereunto: it amendeth and cheriiheth the native colour of the body,fpoyled by the yellow-jaun- dife, helpeth the dropfic and the fplene, if it be taken with figges and mtar; being boiled with wine, it is good to wafh inflamations, it taketli away the blew and blackc f pottes, and markes that come by ftrokes, brmfes, or fallcs; bein" applied with warme water ■ it is alfo an excellent medicine tor thole, that are troubled With the Quinfie.oc fwelling in the throate.to wafh and gargle it,being boyled with Figges; it helpeth the tooth-ach,being boyled m vineoar and ^argled therewith;the hot vapours of the decoaion.taken by a funncll m at the cares,eafeth die infla¬ mations of them, Mefnes faith the flinging noyfe of them ; Tim] addeth, that it is an enemy to the ftomacke, and provoketh calling being taken with figges: being bruiled, and fait, bony, and cumminleede put to it, it helpeth thole that are ftuhe by ferpents. Galen is very briefe herein and onely faith, it is hot and dry in the third degr ee, and of thin parts. At.mhhlu , faith,that our Hyfope is of thinne parts, and that it cutteth & breaketh tough flegme, it rariheth or maketh thinne tl^at which is thicke or grofle, it openeth that which is flopped, and clenleth that which is corrupt, the oyle thereofbeingannoynted killeth lice,and taketh away the itching or the head, it helpeth thufe that have the falling fickneffe,which way foeyer it be applyed, but more efpecially being made into piltes m this manner. Take of Hyfope, Horehound ^nd Cafloreum, ofeach halfea dragmc, oftheroote or Pconye (the male kinde is moft proper in this dileafe) two drammes,of Aflafxtida one fcruple, let them all bee beaten as they {hould bc ; & made into feven pilles(or more if they be too great) w ith the juyee of Hyfope,and one ot the greater, or two fmall ones,taken every night going to bed is appointed ; the beft Wiyfitians of our tymes,aiUiredly doe ac¬ count it,to be hot and dry in the third degree, and of thinne parts; for being tharpe and a little bitter witball, they apply it effe<3:ually,for all cold griefes or difeafes of the cheft and lungs, helping to expectorate tough flegmc,that ftutfeth or opprefleth them, being taken either in a lohoc or licking medicine, or in a Syrupe,or any other way, and in a decoftion thus; Take an handfull of Hyfope, two ounces of figges, and one ounce of Sugarcandy, boyle them in a quart of Mufcadine, untilLhalfe a pint be confiimed, which being (trained, Zc taken morning and cvcmng,avai- leth much tor thole that arc troubled with an old cough,by caufingthe tough flegme the moreeaflly to be avoided it helpeth alfo to provoke vrine being flopped, or that is made by droppes: it helpeth to breake winde, and to caufc womens monethly courfes, and ealeth the lharpe fitts of agues; the greene hcarbe being bruilcd and a lithe lugar put thereto,doth quickly heale any greene wound or cut in the hand,or elle where being app led thereto. Chap. II; Thymbrd fiveSaturcLi. Savorie. _ . _ ^Here arc Foure or five forts of Savorye,two moft ufually to be feenc in many gardens,but there are three others that are more rare. 1. SatureUvulgarif, Winter Savonc. The common Winter Savory,is a fmal & low bufhie herbe,very like unto Hyfope,bur not much above a footc high,with diverie fmall hard branches,& hard darke greene leaves theron,as thicke fet as Hylope,& lomc- times but with foure leaves let at a j’oynt, of a reafonable ftrong fent, yet not lb much as the Sommer kincle ■ tnc flowers are of a pale purplilh colour, fetat leveralldiftancesatthe toppes of the (hikes, and leaves alio under them: the roote hath divers fmall ((rings thereat,and abideth with greene leaves all the winter, and is more ulu- ally encreafed by flipping then fowing. 2. Satureia Herteyijls. Sommer Savorie. This alfo is a fmall tender herbe growing up with divers brittle branches, (tenderly or fparfedly let with two long narrow leaves at each joynt, foft in handling, and of a ftronger and quicker lent aijd tafte : the nowres are fmall and purplifli, fet at the joynts with two leaves under them up to the toppes of the (hikes •• the leede is or a darke colour, bigger then Tymcfeedc by the halfe: the rootes have fewer ((rings and perilh every yeare, ana muft be new fowne every yeare. 5. Satureia Spicata S. It*han't, Rocke Savorie. Rocke Savorie hath many (lender,hard,and woody brownifh (hikes about a foot long,whei con oe grow w verall fpaces,manv very fmall and narrow' leaves,very like to the leaves of the true Ty me,but lomew iat ong r, a lharpe quicketafle, and of a ftrong fw'eete fent: at the toppes of the branches,come forth many pi e e 5 fmall leaves,& out ofthem thruft forth purpHlh flowers,which afterwards give a fmall,brownilh leede, more iihe Tyme then Savory, the whole plant will be (ometimes of a fad purpljlh colour, dafht over with a white me 1 * as for the moft part all Sea plants are: this doth fcldome endure a winter with us. 1 1 I n . ■ ^ Tl-- The true Savory part an 5ea plants are : tmsaotniciuomccnuuica wimu wuu u,. 4. Thjmbra five Satureia Creiica legitima. The true Savorie of Candie. vory of Candie brancheth forth from the ground like Tyme, with many p^irplifh fquarc cbverd over with a rough or hayrie downeifrorh the lower joynts of the ftalkes come alwaies two branches, and two leaves fetat them and fo in like manner all along the bran¬ ches two at every joynpofieagainft another on the contra- riefide, and are very like unto the leaves of the true Tyme, but fome what hairye, ofa fweete lent and (harpe tafte be- tweene Tyme and Savory ; on the toppes of the branches st certaine dirtances one above another,grow forth heads or tufts of greene leaves, from among which ftart forth many purplifti flowers like unto Tyme, (landing in brownifh huskes-.the leede is of a blackifh browne colour, very like unto Tyme • the roote is fomewhat long, hard and woody, with fome fmall blackifh fibers growing from it, and will as hardly winter with us as the laft, although the Jower branches that lie on the ground are apt to take roote,which fhe weth, that in the naturall place where it feeleth no cold winter, it fpeadeth and increafeth. / 5. SMtneia Cretica fpinofa. Prickly Savory of Candy,' Votm , in his Italian defeription of Mount Baidas maketh mention of this Savory, but without any defeription or fur¬ ther relation; whereby I gather that there is fmall diffe¬ rence betweene it and the laft.faving that as in the Chama- drysfpinofa,the branches have fmall prickes on them at the ends,and therefore I cannot yet give you any further know¬ ledge of it, having not feene ir. Bnuh'mtu alfo hath made mention of another, received from GonMrenut for "Ebymbra,and as he faith is the Satureia Diofcoridisby Alatthiolus ; but becaufe I doe notthinke it to be a Savory, I forbenre it here. The Place and Tyme. AH thefe Savories are with us onely nourfedin gardens, but they areas wilde hearbes in divers parts of Europe , elpecially in Grovesvery plentifully, and are intituled to their places; flourilhing in the end of fltmmer, fome not abiding the winter. The Names. Tt is called in f'lcekc, ■niijO.,. rv* ■Slfs^pa. forte £ rl t 3 oh fragrant lam, in Latine Saturcin , a/jti a faturando aifta aiijs, a Satyris nomen traxife putant,co quod, coitus marcejfentesflimulat : fome alfo call it Thymbra in Latine, and (ome take Saturcin & Thymbra to bee differing plantes.The Arabians call it Sahsstcr or Sabsstar , the Italians Savoreoqia Cornelia & Peverell ■ , the Spanyardes, Axadrea & Segurella , the French , Savoree,Sauriette i- ofcorides maketh mention ; in an other place he faith,that Cunila is called (unilago: Columella alfo calleth Saturcia 9 Cunila } but he maketh Thymbra and Saturcia to be two fundry herbes,//£. 9. chap. 4. de re ruflica - as alfo in this verfe, Et Saturcia Thy mi referens Thymbra f faporem : but Pliny in his 1V. booke and 8. chap, maketh them to bee bothone. The third fort is called by LobelzndPena , Thymbra vera S. Ittliani, Lugdunenfls and Tabermontanxi t Thymbra vera PenafBauhinm in his notesupon Lugdunenfls faith,that the Saxifraga vera JDiofcoridis of Afatthiohts* is this Thymbra vera of Label and Pmqwhich it is very probable to be,both figure and defeription anfwering well thcreur r a as any that will compare them may fee. The fourth is called by Clufius{Thymbralegitimafldrofper Alpi - nus t Thymbra Cretcnfls, and P onafThymbra Legitima C Diofeoridis , and to doe I thinke alfo, no Other that wee know cormning ncerer thereunto. The Vertues, Our Savory of both forts is hot and dry in the third degree, efpecially the fummer kinde, which is both fharpe and quicke in tafte, expelling winde in the ftomacke and bowels, and is a prefent helpe for the rifing of the mother procured by winde, provokerh Vrine and womens courfes, and is much commended for women with child to take inwardly, and to fmell often thereunto : Some that from Satyris thinke Satureia to be derived, fay it helpeth the cfifeafe called Satyriafls or Pryapifmus 3 and to helpe dull or decayed coiture : others taking it to bee derived a fat tando, fay it is in familiar ule with many to procure a good appetite unto mcate, and to take away all man¬ ner of loathing to the fame: it cutteth tough flegme in the cheft and lunges,and helpeth to expectorate it the more eafilv : it helpeth to quicken the dull fpirites of the I.ethargye,the juice being fnuffed or call up into the noftrills; the juice alfo is of good ule to be dropped into the eyes to deare the dull fight, if it proceede of raw thinne colde humours diddling from the braine: the juice allb heated with a little oyle of Rofes, and dropped into the eares„ eafeth them of the noyfe and finging in them, and deafenes alfo: outwardly applyed with white flower in manner of a pouUis,giveth cafe to the Sciatica or hippe gowte,or paraly ticall members,by heating and warming thai^and taking away the paine: it taketh away alfo the Hinging of bees, wafpes, &c. Chap. III. Thymum & ScrpiUum. Tyme, and Mother of Tyme? Have joyned both thefe forts of Tyme in one Chapter, for the ncere vicinity they have together, both in name and nature, yet eache by thcmfelves they having many forts apart. t . Thymum legitimum capitatum. The true Tyme of the ancients. The true Tyme is a very tender plant,having hard and hoarye brittle branches,fpreading from a fmall Woody ftemme about a foote and ahalfe high,whereon are fet at fcverall joynts,and by fpaces many fmall whitifh or hoary greene leaves,of a quicke fent and tafte* at the toppes of the branches Hand fmall whitifh greene heads, fomewatlikeuntotheheads of Stacbas, made as it were of many leaves or feales; out of which Hart forth fmall purplifh flowers,not having any other feede(as Thcophtraflas and fome other of the old authors have fet it downe,) and therefore appoint the flowers only, to be fowne as if there were no feede in the headsjthinking it to fpring of the flowers alone, which was an errour in them by tradition not experience, for we have found it other wife. 2. Thymum durius vulgare . Our common garden Tyme. Our ordinary garden Tyme, is alfo a fmall low w'oody plant, with brittle branches, and fmall hard greene leaves onthem, well knowne to moft, having fmall white purplifti flowers, (landing with fome leaves in roundles ronnd about the toppes of the ftalkes; tne feede is fmall ana browner then Mar jerome feede ; the roote is woody andabideth well divers winters,if they be not too violent, and the plants not growne too great or woody, which then will perifti therein. 5. Thymum durius Candidius. Hoarye Tyme. Among the feedes of the laft recited Tyme,which I lowed in my garden, came up this hoarye Tyme, which is in fiarmc like it,but that the branches are fmaller,and the leaves whiter or more hoary,a little alfo more thinly or fpar- fcdly fet on the branches • the flowers, feedes,and rootes are like the former, and lo are both fent and tafte, but ra¬ ther more quicke. 4. Thymum latifoliim. Mafticke Tyme. This Tyme groweth not fo upright as the former, but rather lyeth and fpreadeth upon the ground, fmall hue many more branches,nothing fo woody jthe leaves alfo are not fo hard but broader; the flowers are of a purplifh white colour, (landing in roundles as the two firft forts.; this better endureth the winters,and longer,yet giveth no feede, but is propagated by flipping; the tafte and fent is not altogether fo quicke as the ordinary garden kinde. 5. Thymum tnodorum. Vnfavory Tyme. T his is a lowe fmall Ihrubby plant,very like unto the firft kin 4 e,with hard branches and hairy more then it; the G.Scrfillum Narboneufe. leaves are fet at diftances, many growing together, but without either fmeil or tafte utterly: The flowers arc of a pale purplifh colour, and grow like the common forts, at the toppes round about the branches. 6 . SerpHlum Narbonetife, French Wilde Ty me. This wilde Tyme groweth with many hard or wood- Preach wildc I ymc. c [y branches, fomewhat Upright, leaning a little downe- wards, fomewhat like unto our garden Tyme, fet with many leaves together at fpaces, which are fomewhat longetthen the reft, lefle fweet,& more ftrong and heady in fentXomwhat like unto Southernwood, & leffe hot or fharpe^lfo in tafte the flowers grow in wharles orroun- dles, by fpaces towards the tops of the ftalkes, with fome leaves at them being of a purplifh colour, very like unto garden Tyme: both ftalkes and leaves are of a whitifll hoarines, and abide all the w inter. Y.ScrpiiliiinmniM, ThegreatcrmetlicrofTyme. 8 C H A P. 5. Theatrum 'Botanicum, Tribe, i. moft part at a jovnt like the other,but greater and not of fo darke a greenc colour, but rather refembling Mar/erom leaves ; the flowres grow at the toppes of the ftalkes, of a redilh purple colour like unto garden Tyme, but fom- what larger as the whole plant is, and of a fmall,but fomewhat hot fent and tafte. Vlorc aibo There is another of this kinde,that beareth white flowers and frc (her greene leaves, el fe in other things like the former. 8. Serpillum lat if 0Humhirfiitum, Rough Mother ofTyme. This Mother ofTymegroweth in moft things like the ordinary fort, fpeading on the ground in the fame man¬ ner, but that the branches are more hoary or white, and the leaves fomewhat rounder and rougher, or as it were hairicjfmelling like unto Bitumen or hard pitch,which hath no good favour pleafing to any: the flowers and o- ther parts thereof are like the common Mother ofTyme. 9. Serpillum Panmnicum Clufij. Hungarian Mother ofTyme. This fmall Mother ofTyme creepeth upon the ground, taking roote as it lpreadeth, with many fquare ftalkes fet with leaves.two alwaies at a joynt.but more thinly or fparfed- Huagarim-M^oj Ingrowing on them,then the ordinary wild kinde,and are nar- rower and longer than they, and very fmooth withall: the flowers growe at the toppes of the branches not unlike the com¬ mon kinde,and hath little or no fent at all. There is an other of this kinde little differing but in the hoa- rines of the leaves from the other. 1 o. Serpillum Vulgare minus. The ordinary fmall wilde,or Mother of Tyme' ... 10 ScrpiUiimvulgsre minm. Ordinary Mother of Tywc This lefler wilde Tyme lpreadeth fimdryhard brow nifh long branches rounde about the roote upon the ground, which take roote againe as they lye and fpread; the leaves are fmall,and of a fid green colour, fuelling like un¬ to Tyme almoft, but . nothing lo quicke either in finell or tafte - the flowres grow at the toppes of the branches of a pur- plilh or white colour, for of both forts fome are fo found. 11 . Serpillum Citratum. Lemmon Tyme. The Lemmon Tyme is fomewhat like the common wild kinde in the manner of growing, but ftandeth more upright,bufhing thicke with branches, the leaves are fmall and of a darke greene colour like themjbut have the fent of a Pomecitron or Lemmon; the flowers are more white then in the common forts. 12. Serpillum Mofchat urn, MuskeTyme. The Muske Tyme alfo groweth fomewhat upright,but with fewer ftalkes and thinner fet with fomewhat longer leaves,which are not of fo fad a greene colour, whofe fent is much neere unto the lent of Muske, and therupon tooke the name. 13. Serpillum mretm jive verfcolor. Cuilded or embrodered Tyme. In the variable mixture of greene and yellow in the leaves of this Tyme, confifteth the chiefeft difference of this forte, from the com¬ mon wilde kinde, for the greene leaves thereof are in fome ftripedjn others edged with a gold yellow colour, which hath caufcd the guil- ded or embroidered name. The Place. The firft or true Tyme groweth plentifully about Sevill in Spaine t where they ufe and know no other Tyme, as alfo in Syria, &c. and yet as Clufius faith all the reft of Spaine y neither ufe it nor know it, but ufe our common garden kinde, which groweth in old (afiile ve- rie plentifully & in divers other places in Spaine ; the fourth we plant in our gardens ordinarily by flipping,not flawing*, the fift in the King- dome of Valentia in Spaine neere the feafide at Alikanta: theflxt (It 1 Jins faith, bee found in old CajHle i growing promifeuoufly with our common garden Tvme ; and Lobell and fay it wasfoundin Narbene in France 1 the feventh is planted in the gardens of the curi- Ctufii. ofTyme. } 1. SerpUlum citratanu Lemmon Tyme. o«s and TheT,beater of T/antes. Chap. 4. 9 ous and the naturall place not well knowne to us: the eight Ban himus faith, groweth mmany of the dry grounds about Bai[Ul : the ninth ,Clujuu faith he found in Hungary : the tenth is common with its generally in hioft coun¬ tries and that with white flowers on Bufhieheathe, in Digiwell paftures by Hatfield: and the eleaventh in many places in Kent, betweene Southfleet and Longficld downes, and betweene Rocheflcr and Sittingborne, even in the high way, where by the lent chiefly it is to bee knowne from the common: the two laft are nourfed up in The Tyne, The fir A true kinde flowreth late with us, as not vntill Auguft with the fooneft : the reft for the molt part iij Iuly or thereabouts. The Kernes Tymc is called in Greeke, Si iuos iuiri quodijs yin animi dcliepuiumpatiuntur adbibeatur, alt], d-ro rils hvud- not $ T»! Zulu jeducnnt,qtiod hoc vetcres ir.J'.ur is flue igne oecenfofiehant priutum ujifint ; iti Latinc,Thymus & Thy. mum. the Arabians Hdce, the Italians Thymoy he Spaniards Tomilho, the French Thjm & M.n'joLiine dAngleterre, the Germanes guendclfic the true kind Romfcher Guendd & wcljher guendcl, the Dutch Thymus,Sc we ill Englifh Tyme,or garden Tyme,or as they are in their titles. Serpillum or Serpyllum is called in Greeke s' w>s>- ini A it-rirj a ferpendo diPlum, of the Arabians Bemen,oS the Italians Serpi//o j0 f the Spaniards Serpilio, of tile French Scrpotlet.pi the Germanes Huner Kd,o£ the Dutch fhtendd, or wilde Thymus,Sc we in Englifh mid Tyme,or Mother of Tyme . The firft true Tyme is ufually called by all that have written ofit, Thymum Ugitimum,ox Cttpit.itum, or Creticum as Cordus Sc Ca.mcr.idus do,but it is not that which the old Gerard letteth do wne for it: the fecond is called Thymus -duh.iris ©- twjh-os by many authors, and Thymumdurius cjr nigrum by others, & by Cefolpinus Pepolina: the fourth is called by LobdfThymumlatifolium,tmd Serpyllum hortenfe by others: but Bauhinus doth not number it among his Tymes, but cakes it Serpillum fus Utifolium, and is the fame with UWdtthitlus his Serpillum, although Bauhinus doth diftinguifh them : the fift is from Bauhinus ; the fixt is called by Lohd Serpyllum Narbo'nenfr, and by Clufius SerpillumJylvefre Zygis Diofcorides : the feventh Camerarius calleth Serpyllum m.ijus florepurpurea, and that with the white flower ,flore Candida, but both the old and new Gerard, have erred in the figure and difeription therof: for this nujus and the folijs Amaraci are bpth one; the eighth is of Bauhinus his relation and denomination: the ninth of both forts, Clufius calleth SerpyllumT’ annor.icum , and Bauhinus, anguJlifoliumgUbmmhirfutum : the tenth is called by moft authors Serpyllum, ox Serpyllum vulgare minus by others : the reft have their names in their titles, as whereby they may fitlieft be called. 1 The Vertues, The true Tyme.or in the want thereof our garden Tyme, (as neareft thereunto, although not altogether fo ef- feftuall) dothhelpe fomewhat to purge flegmc, if as THojcorides faith, it be taken with hony fait and vinegars the decoftion thereof is good for thofe, that are troubled with fhortnes or ftraightnefle of breath: it killeth the vvortrtes in the belly, procured: the monethly courles of women,expelleth the fecondine or afterbirth, after it hath holpen the delivery ofthe child,& caufeth eafie expeflorationsof toUgh flegme,being taken with hony in an Eleflu- , ary; it diflolveth tumours or fwellings when they are frefh; the juyee thereof being annoynted or bathed on the place with fome vinegar,taketh away loofe or hanging warts t it helpcth thofe that have the Sciatica,applved with wine and meale : it helpeth thofe that are dull lighted, and is of good vfe in meates and brothes.to warme and comfort the ftomacke,and tohelpe'to bicake winde as well for the lickcas the found. Galen faith the fame things almoft. It is found by experience faith lAEtius, that if 4. dragmes of dried Tyme in powther,be given in Oxymcl falling,to them that have tire gowte it helpcth them, for it pflrgeth chollcr and other (harpe humours, and thanf one dragme thereofbee given fading with meade,it diflolveth the hard fwellings of the belly: It is profitable for thofe that have fwellings in their lides, and paines in their loyncs and hippes: it is likewifc given failing to thole that have greatepaincs in their eyes, and are bleare-eyed: it is with wineapplyed to the cods that arc fwollenj Wild Tyme, or Mother of Tyme if it beboyled and drunke, moveth vrine, and the monethly courfes, helpeth fucli as have griping paines in the belly, or that have cramps, or are burden bellied, or are troubled with inflafnation of the liver; being taken inwardly,or applyed outwardly with Rofemary and vinegar to the hcad,itceafeththc paines thereof, and is very helpefull to thofe, that are troubled with either Frenfye or Lethargy : foure dragmes of thejuyee drunke with a little vinegar,is very availeable to thofe thatfpitt or vomit blood taken with hony,Iicoris and anifeede in wine, it helpeth a dry cough,and is comfortable both to the head, ftomacke and reincs, and helpeth to expel! winde: the diftilled water therof applyed with vinegar of Rofcs to the forehead, cafcth the rage ofFrcn- Iye,fc expelleth Vertigo that is the ftvimming or turning of the braine,& helpeth to breake the ftone in the bladder»' Chap. 1111. Cufcuu. Doddef. S yNder this title of Dodder,! comprehend not onely Epithymum as the chicfeft kinde thereof: but all the e other forts of laces or threads,that grow cither upon hearbes and (hrubbes.&c.or upon the ground : and c becaufe I would not fpeake of them in many places,(as I (hall doc ofthe plants whereon they grow, in ' fevcrall places ofthis worke) I though it more fitt to include them in one Chapter, and give you know¬ ledge both ol their formes and vcrtues,inone place rather then-in many: I acknowledge I might more fitly have placed this plant among the purgcrs,btit that for the names fake I would fet it next unto the Tymes. Epithymum. The Dodder of Tyme. Pliny fettethdowne in the eigth Chapter of his 16. booke, two forts of Epithymum, (which Matthioius (ee- ir.eth to confute) the one to be the flowers of Tyme as Diofcorides before him did, both greenc and white, theo- ther tobe redhaires growing without roote : now moft of our moderne writers doe acknowledge but one kinde. Tragus as I thinke,firft mentioned both white & ted firings,growing on fevcrall hearbs,even as I have done al- lOjWhich yet are but one and the fame thing in it felfe,growing in the fame manner upon Tyme or Savory,as it doth upon any other plant,being red on fome hearbes, and white on others, as may bee obferved on fundry plants on Hampftead heath. It firll from feedcs gjvech routes in the ground,which flioote forth threadsor (fringes,grofltr or finer io Chap. 4* c rbe at mm Botanicum. Tribe, i. j. Epithjmm. The Dodder of Tv'me; 2. Cufcutj. Dodder, fincr.as the property of the plants whereon it groweth,and the climate doth lilfter, ( although Mmhiolns a n d others have thought it to grow without roote)creeping and fprea- dino on that plant whereon it faftencth, bee it high or low, hearfcef'as ^ W 'S n ? ne e!le - (although Ruellius faith it groweth not on the ground, but on , obferved : thefe firings have no leaves at all upon fas one would thinLV S 7 themfe l ves J thicke oftentimes upon a fmall plant,that it taketh away all comfort heiVht rh-ir , 1 ,, ^, Ptbe ^ Un ?( om It,al . ld r ^ady to choake or flranglc it; after thefe firings are rifen up to that cround thr-v hem™ if l ' oun ^ me ^"V^'rP tbc P* ant > y°“ (hall lcarfe lee ar,y appearance of firings from the thee meetf with no I if * 1 off > e,tber by the flrength of their riling,or withered by the lieate of the Sunne, ( and if fclfe fowYn^r r er , be “ P ,an V wh f rcon r to fpteade.they will foone perifh of themfelves, as I have tried my vme^that m S i^e S ‘‘\ a , PO n- by themfelve3 < & & <*ferved their fpringing ) from whence divers have i „7 Uifenfihlv from S,, ®, row as Mo(1e upon trees.or like Miffelto; but I think rather as Ivic,by drawing nourifhmertt o r - Thorh f . ants wbereon11 groweth, & thereby partaketh of the nature of the fame plants: upon thefe of which dart trh & , ll P?" ^ hat plancscrherbe foever they grow,are found duffers of fmall heads or huskes out *biWas Ponove S'‘Towers ? !l JJ ch \ ferwards < ma » P ale coloured feede, fomewhat flat and twice on I have ^ -ranch 1 thought good to let all others undcrftand,bv that experience and obfervati- of y . Ct K 9 u WnC ob ^ ervation > 1[ reade much to this purpofe in T mg :ts t in his chapter r' /' 7 , 1 a / by this which I have trucly related , it may appearc nlainely roamvibat neither Tvrac r C • r herbe,do e naturally oftheir owne feede bring* thefe fringes or laces, but that they lprin"fr-rn hearbsthat arc fowne' The'nl^'*"^^dofthemfelves upon tile ground,or comming among the feedcs of.other leatDstnat are lowne The plantes whereon thefe laces doe grow, are obferved by diverse be Vines in Trr“ d i n . fo T C P lf.« ofr..«, %,upon trees and thornes.and fome other uroweth nnrrZTA h rt - 3 • c Chap -°f h l sfccondbookcot tnc caufes of plants, dothfetdowne, that word no doi Srh™ d bufl ' e l 1 " y m >J' h >ch ^altereth to C<#«; in the laff chap, ofhis. C-. bookc, by win, fe as it is rrenmllu ^ m . eailt ^ plant, for ltdiftereth not much from C.tJ/iu y as many others have it, or Cnf-:::ta. mill? ;I C 7 h e^ rab i 3n name being Cbafiub and Cufaith the heaths are a lid alfo verv ^ me ’ VUarj'm,, Suh, IVtllrort, K'finury, and others as Autfew hath recorded, li,,: ,„i ?S „, “ fllUy 111 ma "y places of our owne land upon Nettles,and upon Line or Haxe.and cal! id p,i „,, leaft makerhff UP r n "*j r f salPo more aboundantly in fome places, where itdeflroyeththe pulfe,ur attbe arovhnnnnV-^V r ° rfc - and ,s called of rhe Country people ll'll-r,«de, becaufe they know not ho w to 7 beiifg whm- ll! * fn ,learbes l, P on Ha mpttead heath.as I lately found my lei fe,thc firings & flower s WgKngr^ P hCgra UkeW ^ ori Biack-heath in Kent, on the very groundf,not riling an Inch or two !.,r a thinkel't to 77^7* arb /^ c ‘5 tlt !X as 1 t * 1 ' n ^ e exprefied before, yet in particular. Tragus and vEtins -Iclu’r'; A , °1 M ‘ T > ‘°fcorides, but erroniouffy: for Sfithymim as Mttthulut (hewteh(out of tst.tms,AU,,aru,s and others, is the threads.™- 1 ,„. m.f_/ ...u_i. ■ ■ rome. X rise i, The Toeater of T (antes. Chap. 5. 11 rome, laced Nettles, laced Brambles: but wee call tliofe firings generally by the name of ‘ZWjfogefpecially that which "to weth on Fla xe and Tares,which are red and moft frequent with us. The Vertuet. F. pithy mum by F) iofeorides, 7 ’attlrtf, zs£tins, AB Harms , Mefncs , and all others, is accounted the moft principal! and powerful! Dodder growing upon any herbe, ( and that lippn Savory or Stcebe not to bee fo eftechiall ) for all melancholicke difeafes, and to purge blacke or burnt choller, which is the caulb of many difeafes of the head and braines.asalfo for the trembling of the heart,faintings and fwounings: it is hclpefttll in all the difeafes or griefes of the fplecnc.and of that melancholy that rifeth from the windines of the Hypochondria whicli is that part of the belly under the fhort ribbes where the fplecne lyeth,& by flying up to tbebrainccaufetha kinde of frenfy or mad-- nes: it purgethalfo the reines and kidneys by V tine • it profiteth them that have the Iaundifein opening the ;b- ftruftions of the gall: Galen faith.it hath the properties ofTyine being hot and dry inthe third degree, Ik as Ruclliut boferveth from the Arabian authors,that it hath by the aftriftion or drying quality,a firengthning property fcelids the purging, as it is alfo found in Rubarbc, and that it is a fife medicine for the obftrufHnns as well of the liver as iplcene, purging the vcinesofflegmaticke & cholericke humours, & like wife as (Mcfues faith,ithelpcth childrens agues ifa little wormefeed be put to it.The Dodder of all other plants & herbes in like manet pertaketh of the na¬ ture of them whereon they grow, be they hot or cold, and is thought to workc more effeiflually for thofe difeafes, wherunto the herbe it felfeis applyed: Lob cl faith,that in the well: parts of this kingdom where he found thefe laces upon Neeles, the people had good experience, that it was a foveraigne remedy to procure plenty of Vrine,where ic was flopped or hundred, & my felfe alio have underflood it from thofe parts-.Butthat Dodder which groweth upon Tares,being the moft frequent about London,and wherewith our markets are onely in a manner furnifhed.and out Apothecaries flioppes ftored from thence, taketh his propertie from the Tares whereon it groweth, and can have no cffefhnll quality comparable to F. pithy mum : for as Galen faith,Tares arc hard of digeftion and binde the bellye, and that the nourilhment of themengendereth thicke blood, apttoturne into melancholic, which qualities arc cleane contrary to thofe of Epithynmm,£pithymbra y or of other good herbes. Chap. V c Mapranst -vultures exotica. Common, and Strange Marjeroms. Here arc divers forts offweete garden Marjeroms, fome growing oneiy in the fummer; others abiding the winter, and one that groweth wilde : thereare fome other forts called Marum, that I have inti¬ tuled flrange Marj'erom, all which (hall be comprehended in this chapter. J. sJJ -Ujortim vulgaris aJHva. The ordinary garden fweete Marj'eromel Mo)oraotl vulgar it. Sweetc Mirjeromc 1 Our common fweete Marj'erome, that is commonly fowen in our countrey, is a fmall low herbe, little above a foote high,full ofbranches,and fmall whitifh and foft roun- difh leaves on them, fmelling very fweete: at thetoppes of the branches, ftand divers final long and round fcaly heads or knots (and therefore of fome called Knotted Marj'erom) of a whitifh greene colour, out of which come here and there fmall white flowers, and after them fmall reddiih feeder the roote is compofed of divers fmall threads or firings which perilheth with the whole plant every yeere. Majordna temifolia, Marj'erome gentle. This Marj'erome likewife hath divers fmall branches grow¬ ing lo w,and not higher then the former,but having finer and fmaller leaves, hoary and foft, but much fweeter ; the heads are like unto the former, and fo are the flowers and feede, the whole plant being more tender then the former, abi¬ ding but a Summer in like manner. 3. tJM-.iyirana odorata perennis . Winter fweete Marj'erom. Wee have alfo another fweete Marj'erom thatabideth greene all the winter, ifit bee not two violent, growing in the fame manner that the firft doth, whofe leaves are a little fmaller and greener then it, but with the like heads and knots: yet fome take this to be but the ordinary Summer Marj'erom, which by tranfplanting is made the more ftrong, and able to abide the winter. 4 . Afajorana latifolia Jive major Anglica. Winteror pot Marj'erom. The Winter or pot Marj'erom, is a fmall low bulbing herbe growing not much higher,but fpreadins the branches wider, whereon doe grow broader and greener leaves, let by couples with fome lmaller leaves like wife at the fevcrall Joynts all along the branches; at the toppes whereof growe anumberof fmall purplifh white flowers,fettogether in a tuft, which turne into imall & round feede bigger then fweet Marj'erow.e feede; the whole plant is of a fmall and fine fent, but much inferiour to the other,being alfo nothing <0 bitter fa bitter as the fweete Marjerome, and therby the fitter and the more willingly ufed for meates, the roote is white and threddye perifhing not in the winter, but abideth many yeares, and is to be encreafed by flipping rather then fo wing the feede. c JltajorauM latifola anrea. Yellow Mar jerom- This Mar jerome is of the lame fort with the lad deferibed,differing onely in the colour of the leaves^hich are in Summer wholy yellow in fome, or but a little greene,or parted with yellow and greene, or lefle as nature lifteth to play, the fent being fmall like the other. We have all'o an other fort parted with white and greene. 6. CMajoranafjlvefifts. Wilde or fielde Marjerome. 4/tiejorana latijolia (ive major Angita. Winter or pot Mar jerome. 1 Theatrum Botariicum. 6 . JWajorand fylveflris. Wilde or field Marjerome? The wild or fielde Mar jerome fendeth forth fundry brow- nilh hard fquare ftalks,with fmall darke greene leaves fet by couples on them, very like thofe of the fweete Marjerome, but harder and fome what broader .* at the toppes of the ftalkes hand tufts of darke or deepe purplifh red flowers, which turne into a fmall feede as the garden Marjeroin feede, but blacker the roote creepeth under ground, and encreafeth much, abiding from yeere to yeere •• the whole plant lmelleth ftrong. 7. Mar urn ■vu’garc Hearbc Mafticke. 7. CMavum vulgare. Hearbe Mafticke.’ The neerer refernblance that this hearbe hath with Marje¬ rome, then with Tyme, ( as fome have taken it) doth make mee joyne it in the fame chapter. It rifeth up with greater & more wooddy (hikes then any of the former Mar jeroms, being two foote high or better in lomc places,where it liketh the ground and ayre branching itfelfe on all lides towards the upper parrs, leaving the (femme bare below if it be old, otherwife being yong, thinly furnifhing the branches from the bottome, with fmall greene leaves bigger then the leaves of any Tyme, and neere the bignesofthe leaves of the Mar- jerotne gentle : at the toppes of the branches, (land fmall flowers on a head, which afterwards turne into a loofe tuft, of along white hoarie matter like unto fofc down,with fome leaves under and about them, which abide notlongonthe ftalkes, but are blowne away with the winde : the feede is fo fmall if it have any, that I have not obferved it; the roote is threaddy,the whole plant is ofa fweet refinous fent,ftron- ger then Marjerome, and abideth our winters, ifitbee care¬ fully planted and regarded afterwardes. 8. Martim fupinum. Creeping ftrang Marjerome.* This ftrange Marjerome hath divers (lender weake ftalkes, 1 lying upon the ground, and not (landing upright as all the fweete Mar jeroms & hearbe Mafticke do, thcrin refembling the wild Tyme rather then Marjerome: the leaves are many Tribe i. TbeTbeater of Plantes. C H A p. q 8. CMarum Supinum. Creeping Grange Marjcrome. p. Marum Syriacnm met Crcticwn. Syrian or C andyc Maftick* and: fmaller than .thofe of CMothero£ Time, growing at fe- . veral diftances upon the branches , the flowers are fmall and purplifh,growing at the tops,with leaves among them , the fmell whereof is ve¬ ry fweet, and neereft Unto Marjcrome. 9, M arum Syriacnm vel Creticum. ,Thc Syrian or Can- dye Maftick. This Candye or Syrian„MarJerome, hathfundry upright ftalkes,tioc fo wood- dy as the hearb Maftick, but more tender and (lender al¬ io,about a foot and a halfe high, whereon are let divers fmall whitifh greene leaves, very like unto the fmall fine fvveet Marjerome, but fomewhat rougher up to the very tops,which beare fmaller heads or knots then the fweet Mar jerome, & white flowers out of them, all the hearbe is of a molt fragrant fweet fmel,enduring a long time af¬ ter it hath beene dryed : it is very'tender to keepe, and will not endure any of our cold nights that come in Au- guft or September, but will quickly perifti by them. The Place and Time, The fweet Mar j’eromes grow wild on the mountain es in Spaine, and in other places, and the wild Marj'eroine, in the borders of come fields and paftures in fundry pla¬ ces of this Land : the reft are ail nurfed up in Gardens, their naturall places being not well knowne to us, faving that theiaft, Label he had out of Syria, and Profper Alpinus faith he faw it in Candye. The former feven forts doe flower in the end of Summer at the furtheft,but the two laft much later if they come any yeere to flower with us. The Names. Mat jerome is called in Greek Saturn & A ud^xov, in La tine C JMajorana a majori cur a, Sampfuchum alfo, and Amaracus after the Greeke, of the Arabians Merfinim y or Morfangus , of the Italians Maiorana & Perfa , of the Spaniards Adoiorana^ of the French CMariolaine , of the Germanes CMaiaron cjr Ahjoran, of the Dutch CMario- laine, and of us Adarjerome , and Iweet CMar)erome. Uftarum is called in Greeke and fo in Latine : Sunt inquit Poena^qui regi Thracia cut nomen Adaroni e(fet,Adari berbdt appellationcm acceptum ferunt : veruntamen potuit ctia ab Amaraco per apocopendiciy utpote cti Amaraci Jpecies 'viaeatur CMarum. The French call it A /1 arone and Ma¬ fic, and wee in Englifh AlafHck^ov hearbe Maftick^, to make a diftin&ion betweene it and the Maftick Time. There is much controverfie among the moderne Writers about thefe two hearbes. Firft whether Sampfuchum and Amaracum fhould be but one or differing hearbes, and whether our Marjerome fhould be either: for Galen and Paulas cALgineta in their records and cenfures of fimples, mention them both in feverall chapters as differing hcarbs, and the fufpition hereof is encreafed the more,in that: Biofcorides himfelfe in the compolition ofhisoyntments,maketn 0 leum Sampfuchinum and Ama^acinum ro beare two names, as of two feverall fimples, although be had faid in the chapter of Sampfuchum that the Sicilians and thofe oi'Cyzice-na call that Amaracus, which thofe of Cyprus and Egypt call Sampfuchum : but Biofcorides thereby rather fhevveth the diverfitie ofthe compolitions, and the more excellency ofthe one from the other, which hee could not doe without diverfitie of names, but efpecially becaule thofe of Q^ cen being the chiefeft compofitors of fuch oyles, according to their C ountry name gave it that title : Some have thought that the Amaracus of Galen is not the fame of Biofcorides or Theophraffus ,but Parthenium } bccmfe Biofcorides faith that by fome in his time ic was called Amaracus 1 and the rather becaufe he maketh no mention of Parthenium in the cenfure of his fimples : which how erronious it is,appeareth by Galens owne words ofthe Oleum Amaracinrnn , which he calleth a fweet oyie, although not fo fweet as Adtirum^ and Biofcorides termeth the fmell of P arthenium, fubvirofus, having leaves like Coriander r then whether the Sampfuchum of Biofcorides be our Marjerome, for l findethat Lobelin Adver- C faria Theatrum Botanic urn. RlBE, I. I/j. C H A B. 6* UrU termeth his 'JMr.rumfupiaum Sampfnchus forte T> iofeorides,mATnuhinus in his ‘P>»n*entituleth our ordina¬ ry Marum or hearbe M.-tflick. Sampfuchus, five tJMarum Mafiichen reddens, which two authors thought 'Marum better to arcue with his Sampfuchumthm Marjerome.becaufe Diofcorides faith that his Sam/fuchmt isanhearbe full of branches creeping on the ground with hairy round leaves,like the fmaller or finer leafed Calammt, fmelling very fweet, and in the cSmpofition of the Oleum Samp/uchinum bee advifeth to chufe that Sampfhdum that hath darke greene leaves, neither of which properties ate in ourMarjerome, nor yet in either of Lobels or bauhmus their Marum for although Lobe/his CAlarumfupmum creepe on the ground, yet it hath not hairy round leaves but fniall and Ion-, and Bauhmus his and our Marum creepeth not upon the ground, but ilandeth upright as Mar- ierome doth. The next controverfie is,whether the CAUrum of D iofeorides be anfwerablc to any of thofe hearbes, arc called Marum by any of our moderne W riters: that none of them can be his Marum, this (heweth plainely, that he faith his Marum hath whiter leaves by much then Origanum, and a Tweeter flower, and neither the Ma- rum Jupinum of Lobel, no nor our ordinary Marum hath whitifh leaves, or is Tweeter then Marjerome. C/*/«r therefore thought good to call our ordinary Marum, Tragorigauum rather then Marum, and faith that the Teed thereof was fent him by the name of Ambraduleis, and Baubinus callcth the Marum SjnacumoC Lobel Major**, Syriaca, and yet by Bauhmus leave,his Sjriacum or Alfim, freticum commeth neerer to Die(cor,des his Marum, then to his Samp/,.chum : mod Writers call the fweet Marjeronws and Sampfuchus, and fome Majora. nn vultttwr. and the fmaller or finer fort tenuior: but I doe not finde that any or them hath made mention of my livinglweet fort, although both Comer,arias and Bauhinus doe entitle the fourth C Major ana perenms, as I doe the next before it, but they adde Sjlveftris as Tragus and Gefncr doe, and CMaiorana major, or lanfoha r as others doe, and Ana tic a, and Camerarius iaith he found a fort thereof about Bononut , going a (impling with J liffes Aldroan- dus that^had larger and fofter leaves: thefixt is called by many Authors Origanum vulgar*, and by others Orig*. num fy tv efire • Lobel, Origanum Onins majus , and Agrioriganum, C&falpinus Origanum Italicum- an dGerarde Anolicnm: but I as you fee number it rather among the Mar jeromea, as awilde kind thereof, asweufually call it in Englifh, and as we doe the fourth and fift, this having leaves like Marjeromc,but greener. Piny as I faid be¬ fore calieth it CuniUi bubula, and fo doth Diofeorides his alfo. But take them here as wee dually call them, the fcventh is commonly called Marum by molt Authors, yet Dodontus,Gefncr in hortu and Gamer anus take it to be Clinopodium, Anenilara and Lobel co be Hclcnium odorum of Theophrafius ,ClufiustO bcTragonganum,, and Bauhmus to be Sampfuchus ‘Diofcoridis , it is called Mafic both by the French and us. The eight is called by Lobel,Marum fupinum, by Cafalpinus Marum ex Sicilia allauim,Sampfuchum T> iofcoridis, Lobel in Adverfanjs callcth it Sampfu- 'chus Diofcorid. Amaracusferpens,md Bauhinus ,Marum repens vcrtiojjlatum. The laft is called by Label,Marum Sy - riacum,and 1b doe after him Dodontus and Taber montanusfcut Alpinus calieth it Cretenfe finding it in Canaye , and Bauhmus as I faid before, (JATajoranct Syriac a vcl Cretica, The Vertues. Our common fweet Mar Jerome is hot and dry in the fecond degree, and is warming and comfortable in cold difeafes of the head , ftomack> finewes , ana other parts , taken inwardly, or applyed outwardly ; it digcfteth laith ^/rtt^io/«/,attenuateth,opcneth,and flrengthneth : the dccoftion thereof, being drunke helpeth all the dilea- fes of the cheft, which hinder the freenefle of breathing: it is likewife profitable for the obltrucrioHs of the liver and fpleene, for it not onely cleareth them of thofe humours did ftuffe them, but flrengthneth alfo and confirmed! the inward parts: it helpeth the cold griefes of the wombe,and the windines thereof,or in any other inward part s it helpeth the Ioffe of fpeech by the refolution ofthe tongue : the deco&ion thereof made with fome Telletory of Spaine, and long pepper, or with a little Acorns or Origanum: Diofcorides and Galens Sampfuchum is hot and dry in the third degree of thin parts, and of a digefting quality : the decoftion thereof drunke is good for thofe that are beginning to fall into a dropfie; for thofe that cannot make their water, and againtt: paines and torments in the belly, it provoketh alfo womens courfes, if it be put up, being made into a peflary, and applyed with fait and vinegar, it taketh away the venomeof the Scorpions (ling : being made into powder and mixed with hony,^ it ta« keth away the black markes ofblowes or hruifes applied thereto:it is good for the inflammations and watering of the eves, being mixed with fine flower, and laid unto them : the juyee thereof dropped into the eares eafeththe paines in them, and helpeth the finging noyfe of them : it is profitably put into thole oyntments and falves,that arc made to warme and comfort the outward parts or members, the joynts alfo and finewes, for fwcllings alfo and places out of joynt: the powder thereof fnuffed up into the nofe, provoketh neefing, and thereby purgeth the braine, and chewed in the mouth draweth forth much flegme. The oyle made thereof is very warming and com¬ fortable to the joynts that are ftiffe,and the finewes that arc hard,to molific, fupple, and ftretch them forth. Our Marjeromeis much uled in all odoriferous waters, powders, &c. that are for ornament and delight. The great or pot Mar/cromebecaufe it is more mild and lefie bitter than the former, is lefle ufed inPhyficke, but mere in meates and brothes to give a rellifh unto them, and to helpe to warme a cold ftomack, and to expell winde: the wilde Marjeromeis more hot than it, and therefore more cffedluall to heat, warme, comfort, and flrengthen both inwardly and outwardly in all things whereunto it is applyed: Hearb Maftick is more temperate in heat than Mar- jerome, and is ufed by our Apothecaries, in ftead of the true Marum (which may well bee admitted untill a truer may be knowne in the compofition of th eTrochifci Hedychroi which Andromachus thought fit to make a principal part of his Treacle, accounting it effedluall againft all poifons, efpecially of vipers, and other Serpents. Our dain- tiefl women doe put it to ftill among their other lwect hcarbs, to make fweet wafhing water. Chap. VI. Origanum . Organy, or baftard Marjerome. S Heophraftus fD iofeorides and P liny do much vary one from the other,in fetting down the forts of Origanum that were knowne to them in their times, for Theophraflus maketh but two forts, a black that is barren, and a white that beareth feed. D iofeorides maketh 5 .forts, three of Origanum, and two otTragonganum. Origanum Heracleoticum, Onitie, and Sjlvefre, (which yet is not that which fome with us call Sylve - fire , and is fee forth in the foregoing Chapter, for his beareth a white flower, and fo doth not that ) P iny is more eonfhleji, therefore thought not to'be without error, for in divers places- of his 20. and 11. bookes, he mentioned! X R I B R I. The Theater ofTlantes. Chap. 6 * feveraU forts of Origanum, and in one place maketh three forts of Heracleiticum : but leaving thefe, I will fliew you thofe forts are knowne to us in thefe dayes. • I, OriganumHmcleotiatmveritts. Organie, orbaltard I. OiigimmHmclmtimmVmm. Marjerome of Greece. Organy, or baftard Marjciome of Grace. Thisbatlard Marjeromerifeth up with divers bard,round, red- difh greene ftalkes, fpreading forth into other fmaller branches, v.'hereon are fetfundry leaves by couples at the joynts , being fomewhat round, and ofawhitifh greene colour, very like unto Marjerome, but larger, whiter, and harder, or rougher in hand¬ ling--at the toppes of the branches (land fuchlike fcaly heads or knots, as Marjerome hath, but longer, from whence come fmall whitifh purple flowers, and afterwards fmall brownifh feed. The whole plant rifeth with us not much higher than Marje¬ rome, but ofa hotter and {harper feentand tafte, yet fomewhat pleafant withall. 2. Origanum Onitis Matthioli, White Organie of Greece. This Organy differeth fomewhat from the former, for it hath Sp# whiter and narrower leaves: the flowers alfo are white, and W the heads more divided or feparated into fmaller tuftes: this is ^ rather more tender to keepe than the former, hardly abiding the fharpnefle ofour winter, although it be as well defended. 3 3. Origanum Onitis aliudmajus. The greater White Organy, This hath larger and whiter leaves than the former, the umbels or tufts of heads are larger alfo, and more fpread abroad than they, which bcare white flowers in the like manner. This kind is fomewhat more hardy, and will better abide a Winter, if there beanycareufed to preferve it. There is alfo another with fomewhat longer leaves than this. 4. Origanum Sylveftrefive vttlgare. Wilde Organy. This kind of wilde Organy (which is the ordinary kinde brought from Candy, and other places, and ufually kept in our Apothecaries (hops) rifeth up with divers round hard ftalkes, whereon arefet fomewhat broader, lefler, and rougher leaves than the former; the flowers ftand at the toppes of the branches in manner of an umbell.that is in fmaller heads, and more difper- '******* Wilde Organy,’ yen feed, moftefpecially with us. 5 The Tlace. All thefe kindes of Baftard Marj , tomes have come to us from divers places, but which of them is more proper to this orthatplace,hath not beene truely flgnified vnto us: for lome have named that Creticum which others ha veHitha- meum, fo that it is likely to be naturall in both thofe places. The Time. They flower or at leaf!: beare their toppes or heads about the end of Auguft, or middle of September with us, fo that their feed fcarcely commeth to maturity in out Country. The Names, It is called in Greeke ofiyarot vel ini Li epeor mortem & yf.vot gaudium,qitodclivofos montofofyuc loco s amat,vcL ear a 79 ' O' jarvv id eft tS Kafapurir quod vifum illuslret & acuat vcUfiysfitpipm, & redundance 0, iflyan per antiphraftm, natter a enim calidum eft , in Latine Origanum. The firft is called Origanum Heraclioticumfty Matthiolus,Gefner,Caftor Dur.mtes,Lobel, Lugdunenfts, Camcrctrius , Tabermontanus. aidl)«4witi,8[ hath been lent me by the name of Creticum, and Mo Hifpanicum. Bauhirms faith it is the Cunila Galli- ■nacea of />%, and Ttioftcorides calleth it Cunila. The fecond Matthwlus calleth Onitis , and fo doe Gejhcr, Caftor Duran, tes Bauhmus , and Lugdunenfts, who faith alfo that fomc cal- 1 ■ arHm r anc * came to me by the name Italicum. The third Camcrariu, calleth Onites, whom Bauhinus follow- . ' T lie fourth is the common Origanum as I faid we have in (hops.and is thought by Ruellius to be the Cunila Bubula whorn ‘Bauhinus followcth. Diofcorides Jaith that t is (it it be his wild kinde) was called alfo in his time Cn- m a. But to difeufle how fitly each of thefe forts anfwere U f rr> • , r°f Dto f con ^ es , I think it fitted to prefixe the text or lojcondes, by which they may be compared. Oritranum, turacleoticum, (hithViefccridcs) which is alfp called C»- C i nil*. 1 6 C H A P. 7. 1 Tbeatrum 1 2 3 Botanicum . RlBE. I. »;/«, hath leaves lake unto Hyfope, the toppes or umbels are not falhioned round but as it were divided into many parts 1 the Iced in the toppe'branches is not great. Thar Or.gMHm that is called Omtu, hath whiter leaves, and doth more refemble Hilope: it beareth feed in tufts, as it were jpyned together the force or vertue although ,t be like, yet is lefte effebtuall by much. Wilde On gUmm, which fome call Ucracknm, and others CW*,(as A 'iaUtr CokpUivs) hath leaves like Origmtm, and fmall branches not a foot high,bearing white flowers at the toppes in umbels,like unto Dili : the root‘is fmall, and of no life Thefeb.ee the words of Dafcorukt, whereby comparing his firft two lorts, v e verily thinke, thathowfoever fome Authors doe vary in their judgements con¬ cerning them, thefirft of them here fet downe is the true (at leaf! the trued hath beeneknownetobe) Ong*»«m Heradcoticum o£ c Dio(corides, The two next that follow, theoneot the other of CwwMrcw are both in rei'emblance fo neere his Onitis , that we may truely lay, tnat cither of them are the lame, and that both of them differing but in largnelle ofleaves, (which the fertility of the foyle wherein it grew might bee the caulej atebutone Oft/rr But that wild Oriacmnm of Diofcord^s. that hath an umbell like unto Dill isnotto be found, unlefle the wilde Ori™min his Rhaplody or huddle of memorable reports,relateth a pretty fable of a Tortois eating Origanum, when lice goes to fight with the Serpent, which when one had heedfully obferved, he cut up the Origanum where it grew, and took it away • whereof when the Tortoife was deprived, he periflied by the venemous force ofthe Serpent; which fa¬ ble Plutarch in his naturall quertions, relateth fomewhat otherwife : that is, that the Tortoile having eaten of the fiefh of a Viper, by eating the hearbe Origanum ,was free from the danger. The fame Anttgonus ietteth downe there alfo another fable of Ring-doves, who by putting Origanum into their wounds, were thereby cured. As alfo that if the hills of Ants were flopped up with Oriqcwwn and Brimftone,they would quickly flic away : which thing alfo Palladia repotteth. Galen faith all the forts are of a cutting, rarefying, or thinning faculty, and that in the third degree, and that the Heracleoticum is of more efficacy than Onitis , and the wild ftronger than cither.. The decocrtionct Origanum with a few Cloves and f ugar, helpeth thofe that have the Hickock exceedingly. The powder thereof mixed with a little Salc-peter and honey, made into the manner of a thin Eleftuary, and there¬ with the teeth being rubbed for fundry times, will make them whiter and firmer. Chap; VII. Tragoriganum. G oates Marjerome. Ecatifethe Traomcttmmh joyned nest unto the Origanum, I thinke it fitting for to (hew you them in the fame manner , yet in a diftinft chapter by themfelves, for that their face and property is a little dtf- 1 , Tragoriqanum Creticum. Goates Organy of Candy. This fmall low TrazprUmum of Candy hath divers fmall low branches, not above a foot high, fomewhat wood- dy, whereon are fet at feverall joynts two leaves, and fometimes more, which are fomewhat broader, rougher, and harder than the leaves ofCandy Tyme, and fomewhat like unto Summer Savory, but of a ladder greene co¬ lour , the fmall hooded gaping flowers Hand at the top of the branchcs.in feverall diftances about the ItalHes, ot a purpliih red colour, the whole plant and every part thereof tafteth very hot and Ihirp, and Imelleth very tweet, but fomewhat ftrong and quick, foone piercing the fences, and abideth greene all the W intent it be caiefully pre- ferved, but left without defence, it feldome abideth, the roote fpreadeth with many fma!,l fibres thereat. 2, TrtpqprUAnumUtifoliHmJive Mxrnm Corttiji Alatthinlo, Broad leafed Goates Organy, ct N.arjeiome. This other Goats Marjerome is a fine (mall bulhy plant, little above halfe a foot high, whole (hikes are notlo wooddy, but tenderer like Marjerom, with many fmall fmooth gentle leaves. two for the molt part let together at a joynt, fomewhat broader than our MaftickTyme,of fo ftrong. hot, and quick a lcent, that being a itt e vui fed and fmelled unto, it pisreeth the fences more than the former, and commetb fomewhat neere unto the lcent ot Calamint or Pennyroyall; the flowers are fmall and purple, growing up to the toppes ofthe branches, from be- tweene the joynts; this biderh greene alfo like the former, but requireth as much care in the prelerving it in the Winter,as the former: the root is a blackifti bufh of many fibres fee together like Marjerome. 3. Tragoritranum Hijpanicum. Spanifli Goates Marjerome. This Spanifli kinde rifeth up fomewhat higher than the former, with whiter and harder ftalkes, the leaves are whiter alfo, fmaller,narrower,and longer than they, andmoreftore ufuallyat every joynt, fmelling fomewhat fweet, but nothing fortrong or quick, nor tailing fo hot as they : the flowers are white, and grow at feverall di- ftances towards the tops of rhe ftalkes,but larger and more gaping,(landing in brownilh greene huskes: tnfs alio a- bideth oreen in the winter,but is more hardly preferved than cither ofthe former .* the root is more vvooddy, and lelTcibuihy than they. f 4 - Eragori- 3. Tragorigantm fJlfpavicum. k Spanifti GoarcsMarjcrome. 4 . Tragorigzmm. Matt'noli. Goatcs Marjcromc, with wilde Ty.mc leaves; l8 Chap. Theatmm Botanicum, Tribe, i, ing thereon at fever all diftances, which are like unto the ordinary wild Tyme, or mother of Tyme : the flowers are purple, (landing in rtindles, at the toppes ofthe branches. This fmelletn fomewhat like Fennyroyall. The Diace. This firft groweth in Candy and in Spaine alfo, as Clufus faith. The fecond is not knowne (being not fet down by Cor tufas (w hich fent it to ALatthiolus ) where it groweth. The third Clufus faith he found in the Kingdoms of Valentin in Spain?. The laft, Mat thiol its faith groweth in the Country of Forojulium. The Time. They all flower very late with us, and fome fo late, tbat.we hardly fee any flowers untill Oftober, if we fee any at all. The Names. It is called in Greeke r^yof^vos (and in Latine Tragoriganum) quaf hircum origanum dicas , quodpabulogratum fit hire is, nt Onitis aft ms, potius quam, quod hircum fateat. The firft is called by Pena and Lob el in their Adverfarut Tragoriganum Cretenfe apud Vcnetos, by Clufus Tragoriganum 3 Hijpanicum • by Cafpar Bauhinus in his P in ax, Tragoriganum Crcticnm : and it is likely tobe the greater Tyme of Candy, that Proper Alpinus fetteth downe in his Booke of Egyptian plants. The fecond is called by GeJner,Tragoriganum alter urn, and fo doth Label, which is that Adarum that Cortufus fentunto Mattldolus for Thymum Creticum,md by that name otMarumfDurantes,Lug- dunenfts, and Tabermontanus doe call i^and 'Bauhinus, Tragoriganum latifolium. The third is the fecond Spaniih Tragoriganum of Cluf us, bearing white flowers, whom ^Dodonaus and Cameranus in his Epitome of CMatthio - Ids upon Diofcorides, Luq dunenfts and Tabermontanus doe follow. The laft is the Tragoriganum of ALatthiolus, whom Durante s,Lugdunenfs, and Tabermontanus doe follow, and Bauhinus calleth Tragoriganum SerpillifoLmm. To Chow you like wile how aptly thefe plants are called Tragorigana , and how they difagree, it were not amifl'e to a ive you the text o£D iofeorides thereon. Tragoriganum (laith he) is a fmall bulla or fbrub, with leaves and ftalkcs like unto Serpidum, or Origanum, in fome places it is found more frefh and grecne, with broader leaves,and fomewhat clammy. Another fort is found with (lender branches, and linall leaves, which fome have called Prajfum. All thefe Authors have delivered 11 s thefe hearbs here mentioned, under the name of Tragoriganum, as fuppofing them to come neereft unto one or other ofthofe of *7 )iofcorides, both for their forme, Iwectneffe of feent, and hotneffe in tafte: and £^01 Tragopyrum, inEnglifli Buckwheate, or elfea kinde of medley of Come or Pulfe fowne together, as many ancient W riters have let it downe,as fhall be (hewed in his proper place, whereunto I fhall referre you. And laftly, about the vertues as ilia 11 be fliewed prelently. It is called by the latter Greeke Writers, (Z'l'Qhtx.ov. Baft he urn,becznfc the fmell thereof being fo excellent, is fit for a Kings houfe. The firft two forts of thefe Baflils are by all Authors fo called, as 1 doe. The fccond is the fame Oeymus that Tnjpcr Alpintu faith groweth in the Gardens of Alexandria in Egypt. The third is fo called by Lobel and others. The fourth isonely fet forth in the great Booke of the Bifhop of" Syftot his garden : the lift is called FHfj>anicum y by Carnet-arias and Tabcrmontanus y and Jndicum , by Chujius and others. The fixtis as is laid in the delcription, a degenerate kind of the laft before it. The’Iaft is fo called by Ejtetenjis , as is here exprefled. The Ara¬ bians call it Berandaros, andTSadobro^xhc Italians Bafilico the Spaniards Albahaca ; the French Bafihc ■ the Ger- manes Bafilgen , and Baft gram • the Dutch Baft‘lieom- y and we in Englifh Baflilf. The Vertues. Baflill in all Countries for the mod part is of little ufc in Phvfick, but rather ufed as a fweet find ling hearbe to fweeten or perfume any thing, or elfe ufed outwardly to comfort and warme cold members. ‘Viofcoridcs faith that being eaten in any plentifull manner,it dulleth the fight, makeththe belly foluble, ftirreth up wind, provo- keth urine, with-draweth the milke, and is of hard digeftion. Galen alfo faith it is accounted among thole things that are hot in the fecond degree, but becaufe it hath an excrementitious moyflure joyned with it, it is not fit to be taken inwardly : and in another place, that it is anhearbe for fawce, or meate, hurtfull to the ftomack, breeding ill jtiyce, and hard to be digefted. It is held by Cryjippns (as Tliny faith) who inveied bitterly againft the ule thereof, to be hurtfull both for the flomack,urine,and eye-fight: and befides, caufethakinde ofmadnefle andle- thargie, and other difeafes of the liver,&c. And that thofe of Africa fay, that if any have eaten Baffin, that day he is flung by a Scorpion, that he cannot be faved *. which faying is quite contrary to that of Diofcorides , that faith, from thofe of Africa, that he fhall have no paine or danger, that is flung by a Scorpion, ifhe have eaten Baffill before. Pliny fetteth downe, that in his time it was defended from fuch calumnies as Crifippus caft upon it, and was commended to be profitable againft the fting of Scorpions, and fome other venemous Serpents; and found to behelpfulland wholfome for thofe are given to fwouning, ufed with vinegcr, and fmelled unto : ufed with oyle of Rofes,or Mirtles,and Vineger, is good againft the paines of the head, it is profitably applyed to thofe are troubled with the lethargie, the jaundife and dropfie. It is good to be put into the eares of young children with a little goofe-greafe, to helpc them of paines thereof: the juyee or the feed bruifed put into the noftrils, procureth neefing: it is good alfo for the trembling of the heart, it provoketh V enery, and therefore was given to horfes to make them apt to breed* Some of the ancient Writers likewife have fet downe, that the feed is good to kill the wormes of the belly, to lelfen the fpleene, and that bruifed and mixed with Oxegall, it taketh away the foule markes and fcarres of ulcers, and other fores. And ufed with honey, it taketh away the difcolourings and fpots of the face. The Arabian Authors and Mefues chiefly have ufed the feed among other Cordiall Spices, for the comforting of the heart in the trembling thereof, and the expelling of Melancholy or fadneffe, that rileth without manifeft caufe. And for thefe caufes chiefly the feed is ufed by our later Phyficians for the moft part: the fragrant fmell ofthis hearbe fo comfortable to the fences, reviving them as it were,when they are dull or diftempered.may evidently declare a Angular efficacy to be therein, and therefore not to be finally regarded. Theophrajhts in his firft booke,and eighth Chapter decaujis pla»taru y faith that Baflill growing in a place too much expoied to the heatc of the Sunne, changeth into Serpy/lum, or wild Tyme, by the overmuch dryneffe thereof, for theleafe becommerh fmaller, and the feent the ftronger thereby : but thefe Metamorphofes or changes of hearbs.one into another, is very frequent both with him, Fliny, yea, and Gallen too, as well as divers others of the ancient Writers, which fhewethin what errours men of judgement and learning have beene converfant and confident in. I et me yet be¬ fore I leave, relate unto you a pleafant pafl'age betweene Francifcns CMlarchio y an Advocate of the ftate of Genoa* fent in Embaflage to the Duke of Cfrlillan y and the faid Duke, who refilling to heare his melfage, or to agree unto the conditions propofed, brought an handfiull of Baflill and offered itto him, who demanding of him what hee meant thereby, anfwered him, that the properties of that hearbe was, that being gently handled, it gave a plea¬ fant fmell, but being hardly wrung and bruifed ,would breed Scorpions 1 with which witty anfwer the Duke was fopleafed, that he confirmed the conditions, and fent him honourably home. It is alfo obferved, that Scorpions doe much reft and abide under thofe pots or veffels wherein Baflill is planted. Chap. IX. Clinofodium. Field Baflill, Sc Acinos. Wild or Roffch Baflill. g Have as you fee j'oyned both thefe together for the affinity, both of their name and nature unto the for¬ mer Baflils, and betweene themfelves, for that divers of our latter Writers doe confound them, the one calling that Alcinos y that another doth Clinopodium. I, Clinopsdittm minus five vulgare. Field. Baflill, or Beds foote flower. That flinopodinm that is taken by the beft Writers and other Herbarifts in thefe dayes, to come neereft unto the defcription defcription of ‘Diofcorides, is a {"mail low hearbncft above halfeafoot high, having divers hard round branches, ri- fing from a fmall wooddy root, with two fmall leaves let at every joynt, being fomewhat like the fmall or fine Bafill, a little dented about the edges; and in lome plants, and places a little hairie and rough, and in other lefle, or not at al ; the flowers grow at {paces with the leaves, like as Horehound doth, (landing in {mail greene rough ciippes, which are of a purplifh colour, and parted as it were into foure equall fhort pieces at the end, like the foure (quare foote of a Bcd-flead, and not hooded or open withfeverall leaves, like other hooded flowers; the feed is fmall and round, growing in fmall fwollen huskes: the plant hath fome {mall heate , but more drynefle in tire tafle thereof, fvveet alfo in feent, betweene Bafill and Calamint. 2. (7 inopcdium Auftriacim. Auflrianwild Bafill. The Auflrian wild Bafill hath divei^flender hard foure- fquare (hikes, not a foote high,whereon are fet two greene leaves at every joynt,fomewhat like the former Field Ba¬ fill, but fmaller,being a little dented about the edges,which is forgotten in the figure : the flowers Band at the toppes of the (hikes, fomewhat like unto the flowers of the former, but much larger, and of a violet purple colour, fomewhat fad for themoft part, (but fome plants are found with white flowers) hanging downewards, and bending alfo backwards for the moll: part, in like manner as the former .* the feed is enclofed in fuch like fwollen huskes, blacke aud round three or foure together like Calamint,or fomewhat refembling the other: the rootes are many, hard and black, with divers fibres annexed unto them. 3. Clinopodinm Alpirmm. Mountaine wild Bafill* The Mountaine wild Bafill groweth with divers low and creeping foure-fquare rough branches, having two fmall rough leaves at every Joynt,and fome fmaller alfo between them,growing all along theftalkes : the flowers are many growing in a head together, with the leaves among them; Clinopodium Auplatum, Auflrian wild Bafill, . Clkopodim Alpmm, ZZ CnAF.p. Theatrum Botanicum . 4. Aciroi five Cl'mopod turn rnajus. Great wild Bafill,or Scone Bafiil. T R I B E at the toppes ofthe branches, very like unto the flowers of the firft, but of a darke red colour; the rootes are ma¬ ny fmall blackilh (Irinas, which (hoot forth under ground newfprouts, thereby creeping about and incieafin" plentifully, abiding with his greene leaves, which perifb not. 3 ■1- Heines five Climf odium mttfiu. Great Wilde Bafiil, or Stone Bafiil. This wild Bafiil harh foure-fquare hard, Iiairie, and hoary {hikes, a foote high, or more, fet with two hairic greene leaves at a joynt,being covered alfo as the {talks, with an hoary downe fomewhat larger than any of the former, comming neereunto the bignefle and faftfion of the leaves of Origanum: the flowers grow m rundles, in more plenty than the former, of a pur- phfli colour.and lometimcs white, the liusks whereof are lome- what larger and rougher: the roots are a bufli of many firings fet together at the head , which (hoot forth flickers round a- 1 bout. 'Akui \Sy_\_ Of this kinde there is alfo another, whofe ftalkes are lower, the leaves lefler, and the Hhskes ofthe flowers fmallerthan the l former, not differing in any other tiling ftom it. 5. Admit Anglica Clnsij. Our Enelifli wild Bafiil The Englilh wild Bafiil hath a few (lender foure-fquare bran¬ ches, not a foote long, lying on the ground, whereon grow di. vers finall grayifh greene leaves, two alwayes at a joynt fet to¬ gether, which are not much unlike the firth Field Bafiil, but fmaller, fhorter, and fuller of juyee, and not dented about the edges atall, very like unto the laft wild Bafiil. butfinaller of a certaine fweet feent , but not heady: from the middle ofthe branches up to the toppes,grow the flowers in rundles or (paces about the ftalkes, being very like unto the firft Field Bafiil,but of a more bluifh purple colour, with a white eye or circle in every flower, and after they are pad, come three or foure finall feeds like the firll,in the hushes where the flowers flood : it perifheth every yeare in my garden , and rayfeth it lclfe from its owne fowing. 6 . Acinos latifolia Columns. Broad leafed wild Bafiil. The great leafed wild Bafiil rifeth from a buihyroote, with a rough or hayrie ftalke, (preading forth into divers other bran¬ ches, whereon grow larger leaves below, and {mallet upwards, two together ; at the letting on of the leaves, which are alfo rough or hairy.very like unto the leaves of the greater Bafil.but fomewhat fmaller and longer, endented about the edges, and each of them Handing on a long ftalke, towards the°tops the flowers grow much, and are many, fpike faftfion, of a pur- plifh colour, very like unto the flowers ofthe garden Bafiil, after which come the feed veffcls, containing within them fmail round blackifli feed, The Tlace. The firft groweth moil ufually in the borders of fields,even among the come, as at Sutton in Kent, not farre from ‘Dart- fori^ThetferimNorfiolki, and in other dry fandyand im- tilled grounds: The fecond groweth upon the hills that are neere the Baths at Baden in Aujlria, as (flttjius faith, and up¬ on Mount Baldiss, as Pona of Verona faith. The third alfo groweth upon Mount Baidas in Italy, as the fame Pona fet- teth downe,in the defeription ofthe hearbes growing there¬ on. The fourth is found fometimes in the corne fields ofour owne Countrie, but more often in the more open Woods, andin Copfes that have beene feldin many places of Eng- tend The fife Clufms faith he found likewife in Kent , while he frayed a while at the Lord Gobhams i wayting for his paf- lage over Sea, but it is found in divers other places of Kent , and other parts befides.Thc laft Fabius £olumna faithjgrow - eth plentifully at Naples in their Gardens. The Times. They doe all of them flower about the beginning of Iune, and their feed is ripe in Auguft,and fometimes fooner. The Name, CljnopodiHm is called in (Sreeke *>j?o 7 nJ)ov ejtsaji IcElipes quod [nr culi (alijs ut P linio ,orbiculati florum ambitus) fpeciem pe umleEliprAbeant, in Englifh Bedsfoot flower,becaufe the branches fay fome(but P liny faith, the round compaffe of the fowersj doe referable the feet ©fa bed, whereupon I have 6. Acmshtifolia columns Broad leafed wild Bafiil, I Tribe, i. c rbe'Ib£Atevoj by Diofcorides herb* odorata coronaria, ocimofmilu. Acinus is a fwecthearb fit for Garlands, and is like unto Bafill. Pliny faith Acinos that is called Epipetron never flowreth, therein confounding the Epipetron of Theophrafius , which he faith never flowreth with Acinus, but Di¬ ofcorides laith no fuch thing, and therefore Pliny was much miftaken herein, as he was in many other things. The firft is called Ocimum SUveflrc, and Clinopodiumminus or vulgare by Lobe had. Clujius-. and Acinos by Fuchfius in Iconibus .and by Dodaneus : Ciinopodium of Turner ,and Anguillara : Ciinopodium majusoi Cameras mi : rulegium petraum of gefner, Ciinopodium alterum, er pfeudo-clinopodium of CMattbinlus. Ocim.ftrum of Fucbjius. 'Bauhinus calleth it Ciinopodium arvenfe ocimifacie, it is the 'Bafilicum i.ofTragus, who calleth it alfo Calamintha montana, but of all othermoil improperly; in Englifh, Field Bafill, becaufe it is chiefly found in the Fields, the Country people call this as well as the fift where it groweth.Horfe Time, and Foley mountaine. The fecond Clujius calleth Ciinopodium Auflriacum, and faith he might as well call it Acinos Aujlriaca. Bauhinus calleth it Montanum, in En-. gliih Austrian wild Bafill. The third ,Puna calleth Ciinopodium Alpinism , having found it onely upon UKons Bal- dus ,not farre from Verona, but why Bauhinus (hould call it Teucrium Alpinism coma piirpurocaru/ea in his Chapter of Teucrium, havin" called it Ciinopodium Alpinum hirfutii, among the other forts of Ciinopodium, 1 fee.no reafon, in Englilh mountaine wild Bafill. The fourth is the firft Ciinopodium vulgare of cMatthiolus, and called Ciinopodi¬ um majus of Canterarius : I.obcl and T) alechampius call it Acinos, and Gmlandinus Betomca Pauli, 1 c is the firft Calamint of Turner, fulenum.montanum of Lonkerus , and Po/ycnemm of Gej.her. Bauhinus calleth it Clinopo- dium Origanofimile, in Englifh great wild Bafill. The fift is thought by Clujius to be the true Acinoi of Diofcorides, Bauhinus czdoth it Ciinopodium ocimi facie alteram. The laft is called Acinos of Fabius Colttmnafn his Phytobafanos, and faith it is generally called Vrtichella of the Neapolitans, becaufe it hath fuch like roughneffe and hairyndfe,al- though not flinging as'nettles have, and is an annuall plant to bee new fowne every yeare. But it is much to bee doubted whether any of thefe hearbs be the right Acinos or r limpodium, that Diofcorides and Theophrafiui have fee forth,in regard their temperature and qualities doe not agree as you fhall heare prefently, although Pena and Lo- bel thinke their Ciinopodium to be the right. The Italians call it flinopodio, the Spaniards Albahaca Sauvagc, the Trench Bafilicy Salvage, the Germanes wild Baflich, the Dutch wild Baflicon, and wee in Englilh wild Bafill, Field Bafill, or as beforefaid. The Vertues . Of thefe hearbs 1 know no author hath fet do wne any tryed remedy found by them, for in regard that Galen faith Ciinopodium is of thin parts.and may be accounted to be in the third degree of heate and dryneffe, being fomewhat fharpe in tafte, and a little bitter withall, neither of which as faith dUatthio/us can be found in thele, yet becaufe they doc fo neerely in face and fhe w refemble the true plants, they may beare rheir names untill they gaine truer and that the vertues arc found out , whereunto they may be applyed. Diofcorides faith that his Ciinopodium is applyed to thofe that are troubled with convulfions or crampes, ruptures orburftings, or ftrangury, that iris a remedy againft the (line or byting of venemous Serpents, and that it bringeth downe the courfes of women, and expelleth the dead child, and taketh away thofe warts that are long, and hang downe, if it be drunke for certaine dayes together. It ftayeth the loofenelfe of the belly,if ic be given after it hath beeneboyled to the thirds in wine, to them that have no feaver, and in water to them that have a Feaver. Of Acinos, Diofcorides writeth, that being drunke it ftayeth both the fluxe of the belly, and the courfes in women, and healeth hot fwellings, and thofe .are .called Saint Anthonies fire. Where you may obferve that Acinos fhould not be Ciinopodium, both in regard Diof¬ corides maketh them two diftinft plants, and befides giveth them contrary qualities,for Acinos he faith ftayeth the loofenelfe of the belly, and the overmuch flowing of womens courfes, whereas hee faith Ciinopodium procureth the courfes, and expelleth the birth, yet he faith alfo chat it ftayeth the loofenelfe of the belly.and as Galen faith, is hot and dry in the third degree, and ofthin parts. Chap. X. Dolium, Poley, orPolcmountaine. PJfl* rhniloh Diofcorides, Galen, and Thny have remembred but two forts of To Hum, yet our later Writers have‘found out divers other forts, which they referre thereunto, fome of them grow naturally neere t h e s e3i an d therefore called of fome Polinm maritimum, others not onely neere the Sea, but upon the hiUs a ifg anc j therefore may as well be called montanum, as maritimumpznd others farre off from the Sea, upon hills and mountaines, and therefore called more properly Folium montanum, as fhall be fhewed in this Chap¬ ter following. 1. Folium montanum vulgare. Our ordinary Poley mountaine. This kind of Folium or Poley mountaine, that is moft frequent in our gardens, is a fmall low plant, having di¬ vers white or hoary round and hard branches (riling from the root, which is fomewhat long and hard, with a few fibres hanging thereat, not above a foot high .) whereon are fet divers long and lmall hoary leaves, overlayed as it were with a yellowifh white downe, fomewhat dented about the edges, and lomewhat oroader or greater chan any of the others that follow, two al wayes fet together on the ftalkes as they grow up, ac the tops whereof grow forth whitifh or hoary yellowilh heads, thrufting out many lmall pale coloured flowers, and in fome places more yellow, ftandin^ in hoary huskes: the feed is fmall and blackilh i the whole plant fmelleth fweetfomewhat ftrongand quick withall, the branches whereof being Dipt and fet will grow very well, thereby {'efficiently to be encreafed, becaufe in our Land it feldome giveth perfedl feed to bee fowne ; yet Clujius faith, that hee had fome plants railed from the feed of this kinde, that brought forth flowers more pale than the mother plant, and fome more white, efpecially on the outfide ; being pale on the infide : but Bauhinus in his T’imx addeth, that it gave fome plants whofe flowers were of a whitifh purple colour, and is to bee accounted the fourtn fort of llnfiu*, which l am fure is not to be found in Clufius, who in that place maketh no mention of any with a purple flower rayfed from feed. 2. Toliummontamtmminus, Small SpanilTi upright Poley mountaine. This fecond or fmall Poley mountaine, rifeth up with many fmall {lender branches handing more upright than the next, and not leaning downewards to the ground like it ; nor much higher ; whereon are fet many hoary leaves,fmaller than the next that followeth, and fome 1mall ones together with them, "a little dented about the ends onely, and as hoary or rather more than it, at the toppes whereof (land longer and fmallcr heads of whiter flowers than the next, comming forth of hoary cuppes, larger and more fpread than it alio: the feed is blackifh and fmall, yet greater than the former, although the plant be fmaller; the roote is hard and wooddy like the for¬ mer ; the fmell hereof is much more fweet than it. 3. Folium montanum Lftfonjpeliacum. Small french Poley mountaine. This third and fmall Poley mountaineis very like the former, but that the branches (land not foupright, but leane more do wnewards, the leaves likewife are not fully fo large, but as white and hoary, dented a little more about the edges-.the hoary heads of flowers which ace white,arc fmaller,and more clofely compact,in other things this differeth not from the Iaft. 4. Polium mritimum Sup hum. Creeping purple Poley mountaine* f. VoluimmntavamSttpinummhirauw. The fmalleft creeping white flowred Poley raoufuaine. 1 S'.Volium X RISE I The Theater ofPlant es. Chap.io. %<> 4, Folium maritimum Supinum. Creeping pnrplePolcy mountaine. Creeping Poley mountaine hath divers (mail weake hoary branches lying upon the ground, which as they fpread takerooteatthe/oynts, being not a foot long, whereon doe grow many lmall and long leaves, as white and hoa¬ ry as any, a little dented alfo about the edges, but not eafily to be feene, unlefl’e one marke them well, and in the younger growne not at all: at the toppes of the branches grow fmaller heads of hoary hu:>kes,out of which come purpliftiflowers,and after them fmall and blackifh feed like the former. Of this kinde there is another found,bearing white flowers, not differing in any other particular from it. Flore 5. Folium mon tan urn Supinum rpiinimum, xhe fmslleft creeping white flowred Poley mountaine. albo This fmall kinde hath many fmall weake branches,not halfe a foot long, lying creeping on the ground. (footing forth fibres at the joynts as they fpread, in the fame manner as the laft doth,whereon are let in the lame order,two leaves one againft another, all along the branches, being fmaller, harder, narrower, and greener than any of the reft, without any denting at all about the edges: at the ends of the branches come forth, three or foure lmall white flowers, like unto the other for forme and fafhion, but much fmaller : ti e feed is not unlike the other : this hath little or no feent at all. 6. Palium mont anion lavcndnU folio. Spike lcated Poley tnoumainc, 6 . Folium montantim lavend.nU folio. Spike leafed Poley mountaine. This Poley mountaine from a hard woody roote,fpreading out many fmall fibres fendeth out divers weake branches, not fully a- ble to ftand,but rather lying downe, whereon arefet many fmall long leaves, two together,one againft another,as in al the former, which are fomewhat greene on the upper fide, and hoary under¬ neath, lomewhat like unto the leaves of Rofemaryor kavender, and not a whit fnipt about the edges; at the toppes of the branches ftand forth many flowers, notbufhing as in many of the former, but loofely fpread, which are of a white colour, not differing in forme from the other,but comming forth ofagrayifli hu ke, not fo hoary as fome of the former: the feed is black like the refbthis kinde hath a fmall fw T eet feent, nothing fo pleafantas mod of the other: Lob el faith it hath little or no feent at all :Matthiolns faith that it fmelleth well, though not fo pleafant as his former, and that it is of leffe vertue and efficacy than it. 7. Folium latifolium incanum Cretictim . Candy Poley with hoary broad leaves. The branches of this Poley are round and hoary, about a foote high, fpread into other fmaller branches, fet with two leaves at each joynt,which are fomewhat broad and round, and dented at the edges like Germander, or the Ivie leafed Chickweed, of a yellowifti greene on the upperfidc, and hoary underneath, with¬ out any manifeft taftc : the flowers have not beene obferved. 8. Folium angnfHfoUtim Creticum. Vpright narrow leafed Candy Poley. This Candy Poley groweth almoft two foote high with up¬ right hard round wooddy ftalkes, whereon a e fet fmall and long leaves almoft round pointed, very like unto the common Polium 9 but much fmaller,& not dented about the edges at all; the flowers and feed are like the common fort,the whole plant is very fweet. 9. Foliummont anumpurm turn tenuifolium Africum. The fmall African dwarfe Poley. This fmall cieeping Poley, hath many very fmall and hoary white leavesjfet together at a joynt all along the ftalkes by diftances,the flower's are fmall and yellowifti growing at the toppes : the roote is fomewhat wooddy as all the reft of the plant is, and fomewhat fweet alfo. The P lace, r The firft as I faid being the moft common in this Land, (lufuis faith he found in the Kingdomes of Granada and Valentia. The fecond C lufius faith he onely found growing upon the hills in Spaine, The third he likewife faith groweth as well in the Kingdome of Valentia in Spaine , as at Mompeher in France . The fourth groweth alfo in a Province of Spaine ,and neereunto Venice alfo,upon the Adriatick fhore. The fife groweth neere Vienna in Auftria, and on the hills in Savoy, neere the Lake Lcmanus. Thefixt groweth in divers places of Germany , as upon the hills ofHamborough, the hills neere Turin , and neere Norembcrg alfo, as Camer arias faith. The feventh as Bau» hinm faith came to him from Honorius Bellus out of Candy , where the eight alfo groweth all along the Sea fide, and upon Mount Baldus alfo, as Pona faith: the laft was gathered neere Tunis in Barbary , by Boelius, and brought toDo&or Lobel&nd us. The Tyme. They doe moft of them flower in Iuly and Auguft, yet fome later than others. The Names, Folium recalled in Greeke ntyxmfic diclumpropter canitiem t o\:o< enim canitiem velcanum fignificat , quiacapitalum oabet canoru hominis infiar capillatum\btcm(c it is like unto the hoary haires of a mans head : but this is referred to the toppes or heads,and not fo dire&ly to the leaves as Pliny would have it,although the leaves alfo are fomewhat white and hoary; in Latine Folium,& thereafter all other Nations call it according to their diale&.The firft is called Polmm montannm vulgare , and ? olium montamm lutenm by Lob el and Pena\\i their Adv erf aria, as alfo in his ob- 1} fervations^ 2 6 C H A P. lO. Tbeatrum Botantcum. R I B E. i 8. poliuvt angufhfolium Creticum. Vpright narrow leafed Candy Polcy. 5 , Folium montanum pumilum tcnvifo'.ium a fricum . African dwarfc Poley. fervijions, for they anfwer one another, fo that by the name of Label (where I name him alone thorowout all thisbooke) I doe not drowne the name of Pena, nor the name of Lobel, when I name Pena alone : but ror brevi¬ ties fake name one in Head of both. It is the firft o fDodomtus in his Hiftory or Tfemptades in Latine, which I ufe onely here alfo. And the third of Clufius in his Hiftory of more rare plants, which I chiefly tneane, when I cite him\hrough all this worke,becaufe both his Spanifh and Pannonick obfervations are included therein, unielk I recite his particular obfervations. The fecond is the fecond kinde of Clufusfn his Spanifh oblervations, and the firft with c Mtthiolus,. The third is the firft with Cluftus, and the fecond with Dodanaus called minus and medi- terraneum of Lobel.iftArnontanum albumof Bauhinus in his Pinax. The fourth is thefift and nxt kindes with (lupus, the one with a purple, the other with a white flower, and called of Label alfo p r enet urn,of Bauhinus in his fir.ax. Maritrnutnfupinum venetum. The fiftisthe eight fort with Cluftus ,the fourth with Dodonaus called repens, and fo likewifeby Bauhinus ,and montanumfupinum minimum of Lobcl. The fixt is the feventh with C ujius and called Folium rkenhorumfamina lavenduHfolio of Label ,and is the fecond of Matthiolus , and called Folium lavcn- duU folio of Bauhinus. Bauhinus firft mentioned the feventh, and Bona in his Italian \ Baidus thei eighth, and taketh it to be the fecond Polium of Diofcorides,ihe laft is not mentioned by any Author before, t abuts Co. lumna as I fhewed you in the firft Chapter, would faine make folium to be the true Hifope of Diofcorides, but I know'not that any doth confcnt unto that opinion, for by the judgement of thebeft, thishearbe is the true Foli¬ um of all the ancients, as well in face as qualities, and therfore cannot be Hifope, befides, the taftc hereof is very loathfome to the ftomack, which r DiofcoriAes alfo remembreth, but Hifope as he faith doth helpe to expectorate flegme,&c. and no pe&orall hearbe that I know doth trouble the ftomack,by the loathfome bitterneue thereof, as this doth. The Vertues. The decoftion of this hearbe drunke while it is warme, as Diofcorides faith, helpeth thofe that s re orbit- ten bv venemous creatures, yea as he faith,the fumigation or fmoke thereof driveth them away, and lo doth the hearbe being ftrowed or layd in Chambers : and although it trouble the ftomack, and caule forne paines in the head, yet it helpeth the Iaundife,and thofe that are hydropick, or are troubled with the dileafes ot the Ipleene, it moveth the belly, andbringeth downe the feminine courfes, and doth confolidatc or loder, or doze the lips of cuts or wounds. Galen thus faith of Volium, in his eighth Booke of fimples. It is bitter in tafte, and foarpe or quick on the tongue alfo, and therefore it freeth the inward parts from all obftruftions, and provoketh both urine and the feminine courfes: being greene and applyed to great cuts or wounds, it clofeth them, efpeciallyttat greater kinde • and beins? dry.it healeth grievous fores or ulcers, and this the leffer kinde doth belt peiforme. The Idler Polium which we ufe in Antidotes, or Counter-poyfons (as Mithridatum, Venice Treakle, and luch like) is the morclharpe and bitter, and is accounted to be dry in the third degree, and hot m the fecond. Chap- X R. I B E I, ‘TheTheater of Tlantes, HAP.I I, Chap. Xl. DiSlamnus. Dittany, PfeudodittamHitj , Baflard Dittanie. J35tS*S Have thought good in writing of the true Dittany,t° make mention of the Ballard kindes thereof, in eSgjj I^X the fame Chapter, both becaule the face of them, that is the forme and colour of the leaves are very j Cea lSy like, and that other good Authors doe the like, reckoning them as kindes thereof! i. “XtUlamnus Critical. Dittany of Candy. Dittany of Candy hath divers hard and brownifh , yet fomewhat hoary (hikes rifing from the roote, fet full of leaves, two (landing together one againft another, al 1 along the branches, which are broad and thick, and almoft round, fo hoary, white, and covered over with a woolly downe, that they have no (hew of greeneffe in them, as mod other hoary or woolly hearbes have, at the toppes of the branches come forth fcaly heads,made as it were of many thin leaves like unto fcales, purplifh on the outfide, and paler on the in- fide, from among which come forth gaping flowers, of a pale purplifh colour, and after them fmall brownifh feed : the root confifteth of many blackifh firings or fibres, from a harder long root: the whole hearb is of a quick or firy feent, efpecially if it be frefh, and likewife of a hotter tafle, being new, then old, for it much decayeth in keeping : this is very tender .and hardly to be kept a winter in thefe colder Coun¬ tries, fo that it feldome commeth to ihew any flower, but ifyoudoe tranfplant fome of the branches by flipping and fetting them in Augufl, they will better endure the follow¬ ing winter, with a little coverture, and may happen to give flowers the yeare following. a. PfeudodittammtS' Baflard Dittany. Baflard Dittany rifeth up much higher than the former, the branches are a foote and a halfe long many times, as I have obferved in mine owne Garden, whereon are fet fuch like hoary and round leaves, as the true hath, but neither fo thick in handling, nor fo thick fet on the branches, but more fparfedly, yet two alwayes together one againft another: from the middle of thefe branches to the toppes of them, come forth the flowers round about the (Hikes at the joynts with leaves, which are gaping like the former (and as Pen- ny-royall, Mints, Calamint,and divers the likehearbs have) ofa delayed purplifh colour,(landing in hoary huskes, after which come the feed,which is greater and blacker than the former, the root hereof is not fo black, but more hard and wooddy, (hooting downe deepe into the ground, with divers fprayes fpreading from it:this hearbe is fomewhat hot and lharpe.but not by halfe fo much as the former - this doth well endure with us in our Gardens, ifthe Winter be not too violent lharpe and long, or if there be fome care taken of it at fuch a time ; it groweth very well alio of rhe flips being put into rhe ground about the middle of Aprill, and a little defended from the heate of the Sunne,for a time after the fetting,and now and thenwatered inthemeanetime. 3. PfeudodiElamnus alter ThcophraJH Ponct. Another Baflard Dittany. This other baflard Dittany rifeth up with many fquare hoary flalkcs more than a foote high, fet with two leaves at a joynt like the other, but fomewhat larger and longer, toward the toppes whereof with the leaves come forth hoary huskes,like unto thofe of Melijfa Molucca Uvts, the great Aflirian Bnhne, but (hallower, out of which (larte gaping flowers mixed ofwhite and red: the foote fpreadeth many fibres: this fmelleth reafonable fweet, and abideth the Winter as the other, and is in like manner encreafed by flipping. As for that hearbe which is called by many SDillamntts albtisy\v,& 'DiSlamntsm alburn^ and by Afatthiolus, Bauhi - nets and others, placed with thefe kindes o f Dittany together, although they doe all acknowledge that it hath no face or refcmblance unto them, and is called Fntxhulla, which hath fome divcrfitie therein, as I fhall fhew you in another place. The TUce , The lie of Creete or Candy hath beene thought by the cider Writers,to be the onely place in the whole world, where the true Dittany did grow, and that not generally through the whole lie, hut in one corner of Mount Ida, called which fupplyed the nfes of all parts, as Theophraftiu at large hath fet downe, in his ninth Booke, and fixteenth Chapter, the knowledge whereof was utterly loft, and perifhed with our fore-fathers, and but within a fmall fpace of time, or few yeeres fince revived and reflored to ns againe : for Cfrlonardus of Ferrara writeth,tharinhis'timeit was notknowne, as he fetteth it downe in his ninth Booke and third Epiflle : his words are thefe , TViBamr.o nifi rtirfns Venus ab ldafylva deportet omnino deficimus : but Clsijitts faith in his Appendix altera ( which is j'oyned with his bookes of Exoticks) that it was fignified unto him , that it was found alfo in the He of Sardinia ,having lefl’er and whiter leaves than that of Candy s and exceeding fweet D 2 with- *8 Chap. 12. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tribe, 3 . Pfeudodi flamnui a'lcr Pe»iofcorides callcth it Nepeta agrefiis, and Bauhinus alfo calleth it Calamintha Pulegij odore Jive Nepeta } Cje~ rard giveth the figure o£,CdtavHnbha montana pr&ftantior. for this: in Englifii Spotted Calamint, for a diftin&ion from the others, al¬ though it hath but fometimes fmall {hew of Ipots with us. The fourth is called by Lob el Calamintha fecunda incana , and by Came - rarias Calamintha Cretica , but by Bauhinus 'Calamintha incana oci~ mifolijs, in Englifh Small Calamint, becaufe it is the lead of all the reft. The laft is called by Lobel Calamintha aquatic a Bclgarum art Polycnemon ejudfi multitibia. Calamintha acjnatica Matthioli by Lugdunenfs. Calamintha arvenfs by Gefner in hortis,& Tabermon - tonus: by fome Mentha aquatica exigua c-r T ulegium fjIvejlre, and by Bauhinus Calamintha arvenfs verticillata . The Vertu.es . Calamint is very hot and Iharpe, the heat be onely is ufed, the root is unprofitable. The decqdion thereof drunke,bringcth down womens courfes, and provoketh urine. It is profitable for thole that are burden, and thefe that are troubled with convulfions or crampes,with fhortnefie of breath, and with cholerick torments and pairies in their bcllyes and ftomacks, it helpeth the yellow- Jaundife alfo, and frayeth vomiting being taken in wine, taken with fait and honey it killcth all manner of worfnes in the body. It helpeth fuch as have the Iepry, either taken inwardly drinking Whey after it, or the grecne hearbe applyed outwardly : if it bee applyedin woollas apeffary to theprivie parts of a Woman, it draweth downe the courfes, and eafet-h names of the mother, but killeth the birth, and therefore to bee refufed of women with child. It driveth away venemous Serpents, being either burred or ftrewed in the chamber,, It caketh away bla^k and blue fpots ar.d £ marks* 'Tbeatrum Botanicum , Chap. 15, Tribe, u markesinthe face, and maketh black fcarres to become well coloured, ifthe greene hcarb and not the dry be boy- led in wine and laid to the place, or the place washed therewith being laid to the huckle-bone or haunch where the paine of the Sciatica refteth, by continuance of time it fo healeth the place, that it draweth forth and fpendeth the humours that were the caufe of the paine. (This was a courfe held in Diofcondes time, but our Phyficians and* Chirurgians doe not fo ufe it now. adayes.) It killeth the wormes of the eares if the juyee be dropped into them, the leaves boyled in wine and drunke provoketh l'weat,and openeth the obftrudions both of the liver and fpleene: it hclpethalfo them that have a tertian ague (the body being firfi: purged) by taking away the cold fits tnatgoc before it:the decottion hereof with feme Sugar put therto afterwards,is very profitable for thofe that be troubled with the overflowing ofthegauie, and that have an old cough, that are fcarce able to breath by the fhortnefleof their winde, that have any cold diftemperature in their bowels, and are troubled with the hardnefle of the fpleene, for all which purpofesboth the powder called < Diaca/amctttbcs i and the compound Syrupe of Calamint, which arc to be had at the Apothecaries are inoft effeftuall. Chap. XV. Nepeta. Neppe or Calamint. ere are divers forts of Neppe, fome vulgar, and others more rare, which I intend to bring to your T knowledge, which are thele. r • Nepeta mdjor vulgaris. Common Garden Nep. Tl ie Common garden Neppe fhooteth forth hard foure-fquare flalkes with an hoarinefle on them,a yardhigh or more,full of branches, bearing at every Joynt two broad leaves, for forme and largenefle, fomewhat like unto Bal me,but longer pointed, fofter, whiter, and more hoary, nicked alfo about the edges,and are of a ftron® Tweet feent. not offenfive to any, but very pleafing to Cats,who will rub thcmfelvcs thereon all over; the flowers grow in large tufts at the toppes of the branches,and underneath them likewife on the flalkes many together, of a whit fb purple colour: the rootes are compofed of many long firings and fibres, faftning them fc Ives throng ly in the ground, and abide with greene leaves thereon all the Winter. 2. Nepeta media. Middle fized Neppe. This other Nep hath likewife fquare hard flalkes,not fo great as the former, but rather more in number, and fometimes as high: the leaves are fmaller by almoft the halfe, harder,greener,and nothing fo ftrong in feent, fet by couples upon the flalkes,which branch not in that manner: the flowers are fewer, fmaller, and growing onely by fpaces along them up to the toppes, of a faint purplifh colour, gaping like the other, and after them fuch like fmall round feed in the huskes, the rootes are greater, longer, and more wooddy, abiding many yeares in the ground, but holding no greene leaves thereon in the winter. 3. Nepeta minor. Small Nepyc. 3. Nepeta minor, Small Neppe. This fmall Neppe hath divers fonre-fq.iare hard and hoary flalkes riling from the root, which dye not after feed-bearing, but fhoote frefh branches not above a footehigh, with two fmall long and narrow leaves, : (nipt or dented about the edges, and hoary alfo, of a ftronger feent than the common, and of a hotter tafle, the flalkes fhoote forth into many branches, at the toppes whereof ftand many fmall gaping white flowers, fpike fafhion like the ordinary, after which come fmall blackefeed like the other. Cajper Bauhinut in his Vrodromiu 7 beatri Botanici fetteth downe a fmall Neppe, which he faith doth differ from this of Clufius , but the delcription thereof doth fo neerely rcfemble it, that I am more than halfe perfwaded it is the very fame. 4 * Mentha Cat Aria minor Alpina. Small Mountaine Neppe, or Catmint. In the fame place he fetteth downe another Neppe, fmaller than his former, with fquare brownifh flalkes of a foot height, branching forth,whereon arc fmaller leaves fet then the former, being fomewhat broad,almoft three fquare and hoary;the flow¬ ers are fmall and whitifh,fet or placed fpike fafhion at the tops, like unto the common kinde. 5. Nepeta peregrma latifolia. Strange Neppe with broad leaves. This ftrange Neppe hath a fquare hoary ftalke, fpreading into branches on all fides from the bottome to the toppe, fet with two leaves at every fpace,which are broader than the next that fblloweth, but yet are not much broade r , but longer than the ordinary Neppe. dented about the edges, and of an hoary greene colour: the flowers ftand in fpaces about the toppes of the flalkes, almoft of a pure white colour like in forme unto the common Neppe, but larger : after which commeth the feed which is blacke like it alfo; the fmell of the whole plant is ftronger and fharper,but more pleafing than it, 6 . Nepeta iT R r B g I» The Theater of Tlantcs. Chap. 15. 39 5. Nepetapcrcirinalatifoli/i. --— Scrangc Neppe with broad lejves. They doe all flower in Iuly, or thereabouts, with the ordinary fort. The Thames. The ordinary garden fort is called offome Cataria, and Canaria, and of others CMentha Cataria, and CMentha felina, becaufe as I faid before. Cats delight both to fmellandeate thereof, and gladly rub thcmfelves againft it, but or molt with us Nepeta. Cjcrard faith that our Nepeta is called Pulegiumfjlvtftre, but hee is therein much mi- ltaken, for Diofcoridcs faith that the Latines did call that in his time Nepeta, which he calleth his fccond Calamint , and was called alfo of fom t Pulegium fy he fire, but T> iofcorides his 2. Calamint is not our Nepeta ufed in thefc ■ , a ? an y judgement may loone pcrceivc,that readeth and marketh Diofcorides his defeription thereof. And < IMatthtolus alfo taxeth Brafavolus who fell into the fame errour, he being chiefly deceived by the miftaking of die name; for the Italians call that manured kind of Calamint Nepotella, as Matthiolus faith, which was derived from the Nepeta,zxid Brafavolus would fallen it upon this hearbe which they call Herba Gattaria. The firft of thefe is the Herba gattaria of Matthiolus : Gefnerin hortis tooke it for a kinde of Calamint, Tragus, Cordus, and others call it Nepeta. Label Cattaria.and Mentha fat aria, and generally with us Nepeta, inEnglilh Nep,orCat int: thefecond I doe notfinde mentioned by any Author, but it is continued in my Garden to this day under that name. The third lujius calleth (fattariatenuifolia Hi fpanica,and Gamerarius Nepeta minor. Bauburns Men- t mCattar 1a minor, m Englifh fmall Neppe,or Catmint. The fourth he calleth CMentha Cataria minor Alpina, in ~ngliih Small mountaine Nep or Cat Mint. The fift is called by Lobel Mentha Cataria peregrina latifolia oPTaber- montanusMenthafelina fatvia latifolia -of Gerard Cattaria altera, and of Be ferns in his garden of the Bifhop of J-Jjtot,Nepeta peregrina, in Englilh ftrange Neppe with broad leaves. The laft is called by Lobel CMentha Cattaria peregrina angufiifolia, oPT) odonaus Cattaria folio longiore : of Gerard Salvia Romana, for the figure thereofan live- id Tt[ eU ” C °,. 5 and not unto any Cattaria ; of Bauhinut himfelfe CMentha (fataria anguJHfolia minor, in Englifh as . _ The Vert lies. , Ne PPc is generally ufed for women to procure their courfes when they are flayed,to ufe inwardly, or outward - * >^0 bathe them inthedecoftion of it,with other hearbes convenient for the purpofe, or with it alone, or to fit E 2 over _* Chap. id. Tbedtrum ‘Botanicurn. T R 1 B E. I. over the hot fames thereof, for it not onely warmeth and comforteth the coldnelle.but dryeth the overmuch mos- (lure of the mother,which may be one caufe of fterility or barrenneffe.and by the frequent ufa of it,to caufe them to be more fruitful! that were hindred, and alio for the wind and pair.es of the mother,or riling of it. It is alfo ufed in paiiies of the bead that come from any cold caufe, as catarrhes and thin rheumes, and for fwimmings and gid- di n dfe thereof. It is alfo of efpcciall u(e for the windinefle of the ftomack or belly. It is efleftuall for any cramps o- cold aches to diffolve the cold and wind that affetteth the place, and to bring warmth and comfort thereunto afterward,. It is ufed for colds or coughes, and fnortncfl'e of breathing. The ;uyce thereof drunke in wine is pro¬ fitable for thole that have caught fome bruife by any accident. The greene hearbe braifed and applyed to the fun¬ dament. there abiding for two or three houres eafeth the lharpe pames of the piles the juyee alfo is ejfectuall for the fame purpofe, being made up into an oyntment and applyed. ADecoftion thereof alfo is commended to wafh the head, to take away the fcabs thereof,and may be efleduall for other parts of the body alfo. W faith the two greater forts of Grange Neppe are more effcauall to all the purpofes than the ordinary kinde is ufed for The ver- tues of the former two iefler forts are not certainely knowne, but are thought to conduce to the like effects. Chap. X V I. Me/ijfa. Balme. s, pfide; the ordinary which ufually groweth in all our gardens, there are fame other forts of Baulme, as they are entituled by divers Authors for the fweet lcent of them comining neereft, is tnat of our or¬ dinary Baulme,of all which I meane to entreate in this place. i. Mdiffa vulgeris. The common garden Baulme. I. A'/eliJfa vulgaris. The common Garden Baulme. The common garden Balme hath divers fquare greene ftalkes, with round hard darke greene leaves pointed at the e nds, and a little dented about the edges, fet by couples at the joynts, of a fweet fmell, comming neereft to a Citron or Lemmon, the flowers are fmall and. gaping, growing at the toppes of the ftalkes, ofapale Carnation colour,almolt white : therootes fa¬ llen themfelvesftrongly in the ground, and endureth long, the leaves and ftalkes dying downe yeerely. 7. Aiclijfa Turcica flore coraileo. Turky Baulme with a blue flower. This Baulme rifeth up with one fquare brownifh greene ftalke,two foot high at the leaft in any good ground and higher fometimes, fpreading with two branches from every joynt where the leaves are let, up almofl to the topp« : the leaves are I narrower and longer than thofc of the ordinary Baulme, and I more dented in about the edges, of as fweet a Lemon feent, or ^ rather more than it, rough alio, and of as fad a greene colour: the flowers are gaping or hooded, growing at the toppes of the branches,at certai'ne diftances, of a blue or purplifh blue colour, (landing in rough fharpe pointed huskes, after which commeth the feed which is black and roundilh, with a white lpot in eve¬ ry of them, plainely to be feene while they are frefh, but not fo cafily difeerned when they are dry. The root perifheth every yeare, and mud be fowne a frefh in the Spring time, if any bee defirous to have it. 3 . Ctocl'ijf* Tunic a fore albo. T urky Baulme with a white flower. This other Baulme differeth not from the former, either in growing,or height, or forme of leaves and flowers, or in the good fmell thereof, or in-the durability, for it is eqiiail there¬ unto in all thefe properties *. the onely difference is, in that the leaves hereofare of a frefher greene colour, and that the flow- ersare of a perfect white colour; the feed whereof doth not degenerate as in many other hearbes it hapneth, but keepeth conftantly his kinde,for any thing I could obferve in it thefe twent/yeeres and upwards, fince I firft had it and Lowed it. 4. (JlfeliJfopby/lMm Fttcbsij. Vnpleafant Baulme. Vnto the kindred ofBaulmes I thinke good to ad/oync this plant more for the formes fake of the leaves from whence ’’Fucbjtm firft gave it the name, then for any other correfpondence it hath therewith, but as it is at this time, take it with this defeription, It hath divers hairy fquare browne ftalkes rifing from the roote.halfeayard hisjL whereon are fet two leaves at feverallfpaces, at the contrary fides of them, ever up to the toppes of the llalK.es, which are broader and fomewhat longer than the ordinary Baulme, and of a fad greene colour, betweene which leaves at every joynt with them, from the middle of the ftalke upward on each fide thereof, commeth forth larger flowers,and longer than in Baulme, more like unto thofe of the yellow Lamtum 9 or dead Nettles, as fome compare them, or unto thofe of mountaine Calamint, as others doe, of a pale purplifh colour on the lower part, and T^be i. The Theater of Tldntes. Chap. \6, i.3 Turcicn flm& albo. Turky Baulmc witli 4. MelifophyUum Twist]. Vnplcalanc Baulme. blue andwitliwlincflowers. and whitilh above, this hath no fuch good fcent therein as the Baulmc hath, but is rather of a ftronger unpleafant fcent, for which caufe I have fo entituled it. t - Mc/ifit Molucca Uvus five SyrUca Uvis. Great A fiirian Baulme, This hearbe Matthiolm and others make a kinde of Baulme from the forme of the leaves chiefly ■■ it rifeth from feed with a round hollow ftalke outof the ground, to bee two foote high or thereabouts, branching forth di- verfly on all Tides up to the toppe, whereon arc let fhorter and rounder leaves, at the end of long foote flalkes, fomewhat lelfe dented about the edges then in the common Baulmc and not at all lharpe on the edges, as in the next: at the joynts of the ftalke from the middle thereof upwards, come forth round about it, certainc hard whi- tifh skins fmall and round at the bottome, and wide,open at the brims like unto a bell, having five corners for the moft part: from the bottome of each of thefe commeth forth one flower lbmewhat fmall, and like unto the flower of common Baulmc,almoft white, or with a fmall fhew ofblulh therein, and after they arepaft, in the bottome of the fame skinny bells grow the feed (but feldome one of ten commeth to be ripe with us) which is whitifh and cornered : thefmcll hereof is nothing like Baulme, but rather fulfome, the tafte thereof is bitter: the rooteperi- fheth every yeare. 6 Melifi'd Molucca ajperiorfive Syriaca afrerior. Prickly Aflirian .Baulme. This other Aflirian Baulme rifeth a little higher, and groweth fomewhat greater than the firmer, but after the fame fafhion; the leaves hereof are fomewhat longer and fharper on the edges,the hnskes iikewife in which ftand thefe skinny bells, at the corners of them are fharpe pointed , and of a paler white colour 1 the flowers and feed are all alike, and perifheth like wife at the firft approach of any cold night-.this hath a little better fcent to commend it than the former. 7. CardUcx. Motherwort. As thefe three laft had little likenefle with Baulme, more than in the forme ofthe leaves, and the properties as you (hall heare anon ; fo this,befidcs the properties anfwerable to the reft in comforting the heart, hath no (hew of affinity, no not in the leaves: but becaufeforjja have put it to the kindred ofthe Banlmes.and others to Net¬ tles, and others to Horehound. I have thought itbeft for the vertues fake ( whereunto noneof the Nettles or Horehounds are anfwerable) to fetintheend ofthe Baulmes, and to be as it were a bridge to paffe from them to the Horehounds, whereunto in face it hath the tnorerefemblance. Ithathahardlquarebrownifh rough ftron® ™ t0 ^ cc c ^ ree or f° l,re footehigh at the leaft, fpreading into many branches, whereon grow leaves on each fide with long foote flalkes, two at every joynt, which are fomewhat broad and long, as it were rough or crumpled,with many great veines that fbewthemfclvesthcrein, of a fad greene colour, and deepely dented ina- boutthe edges, and almoft torne or divided : from the middle of the branches up to the toppes of them, which are very long and fmall,grow the flowers ronnd about them at diftances, in fharpe pointed rough hard huskes, which are more purple or red than in any ofthe former Baulmes, or in any Horehound, but in the fame mannevand orme, and roughnelle as the Horehounds: after whichcome fmall round blackilh feed in great plenty : the roof E 3 fendetb R I B E. I 6, Oiclijja tMolucca afperior five Syriaca afperior. Prickly Altaian DauJme. 7. Cardinal. Motherwort. fendeth forth a number of long firings, and fmall fibres, ta¬ king ft rong hold in the ground, of a darke yellowifh, or bro wnifh colour, and perifheth not as the other, but abideth as the Horehound, the fmell Ukcwife is not much differing from it. The Tlace. Thefirftis onelyto be found in gardens: the two next growes naturally in Moldavia , which re under the Turkifh Dominion. The third at the footc of divers hills both in Germany and Narbone in France. The fourth and fifth as CMatthiolm thought in the Molucca Hands which are in the £aft-Indies, but therein he was much miftaken, yet he faith they came from Constantinople, others and that more truely fay, that Martinellm Seejuinus an Italian fent them to Ve¬ nice out of Syria. The laft groweth among rubbifh, and by the fides of walls and hedges in many places beyond the Seas, but not with us that I have knowne or heard, but one- ly in (gardens where it hath beene once fowne or planted. The Time. The three firft and the laft flower fomewhat earlyer in the Summer, than the two Aflirian kindes, which flower very feldoAp before the middle of Auguft, lo that it hardly giveth any&>od feed, although the two former and the laft: doe plentifully. The Names. Balme is called in Greeke u^iani$vr>.w « iMeliffo- phyllnm , or Meliphyllum,td eft apumfolium,qnod apes eo valde dele Bant ur fin Latine CMcliffa,& Citrago,ab odore Citri , Api- flrum quodapibm fit gr atijfima, & OWeliJfopby/lum, of the effetft being good for Bees. The firft is called Meliffa, or MeUffophytlum generally by all writers: the fccond and third are called Melijfa Moldavica & Turcica by mod Writers; Bauhinns callethit r Jbfeli[[d Turcica peregrina fo¬ lio oblongo ; the third Cor dm and Fuchftm take to bee the true Tribe. i. The Theater of T (ants. Ch a p.i<5. 43 true Mtlifopb}ltuM,Sc thereupon it is generally called Melig*,ot /l L/iffaphyilum Fitchsij by moll writers, although it have not the finell ofBauime, nor good to rub hives withall.as tho true Baiilme : Lugaunenfis faith it is the Ca~ laminthaprxjlantior whichPew.t and Label have defcribed and fet forth more exafllytbut he is therein much decei¬ ved, fotFuchfim laith his hath blacker and larger leaves than Baulme,&that (falamint hath fmaller and whiterronly Bimbimtsx&d Clufius referre it to the Lamia, Baubinns calling it Lamium Montaimm Melifia folia, and faith withall, that the varying thereof may be referred, to the variable iorts of the Lamia Pannonica of Clufim: it is cal¬ led in Engl ilia as it is in t! e title, untill a more cxaft dr truer name may be given it, for I cannot confent to Bau- hinusmd Clufius, to call it Lamium, feeing fo many Authors call it Me/ipt. The fourth Matthiolus callcth JlAetififa Conftantinopolitana.or ALeliJfophy/lum Confiantinopolitanum & lave is added by c Dodonsus. for bee maketh no mention ofany prickles in that, which grew in the Emperours Garden, but that which Alphanfus Pant me 0 f Ferrara fent him as he faith, the leaves were prickly: afluredly that kind that I have had growing in my warden at feverall times,had no prickles either on leateovhuske , although Baubinns faith hee never law any that was without fomelharpethornes, and therefore it fhould feeme,that Label maketh the one kind ldfefharpe or thorny than the other, and calleth it Cardiac a Me/icafivc AC a laic a minus ajpera , & Malacca Syriac a. ’Baubinus callcth it Melijfa Molaccana adarata, as he doth the fifth Melifia LMolticcanafeetida,leaking the one to be fwcet, and the o- ther finking. Label calleth it Molucca afjamar Syriaca, and faith moreover chat it is called Mafe/uc of the Turkes: Cafialpinus would referre both thefe kindes unto the Alijfumof ’Diojcoridesmd Pliny ■ and ’Baubinns frith they are like to the A liffum of Galen. They have their Englifh names over their heads. The lallis called Cardiac,tot moll ofour later Writers, for it is likely it was not knowneto them of ancienter ages, yet T>admans formerly tookeitto be a Sidcritis. Tragus to be a wilde Baulme. Brmfelfius to bee CM.irrubmmmas, AncttHUra to bee Licopfis or Branca lupina.Sc ’Baubinus calleth it Marrubium forteprimutr. Tbcophrafli : Cafalpinus thinkerh that it is the AlifumofGalaimd eAEtius. We doe call it Motherwort in Englifh, astrudy from the effects tohelpe the Mother, as they call it Cardiaca from the effecfhs to helpe the heart, as you ihall hc.ire by and by : the Arabians call Baulme Bederengie,Bedarungi,(fiederenasegitm, Turttngen or Trungian and Marmacor : the Italians Melijfa,Codro- tieka,md Aranciata: the Spaniards Torenoil cjr yerva cidrera: the French Adelife & Pan cicada : the Cermanes Melijfien,Binenkrant:a.nd the Dutch Melijfe & Htmichbaum Confide degreyn, and we in Englifh Bawme, from the fingular effetfls therein,in imitation ofthe true naturall Baulme. Tbe Vcrtues. The Arabian Phyficians have extolled the vertues of Baulme,for the pillions of the heart in a wonderful! maner which the Grcekes have not remembred : for Serapio faith.it is the property of Baulme, to caufe rhemindeand heart tobecome merry,torev-ivethe fainting heart falling into fwounings, to flrengthen the weakneffe of the fpirits and heart,and to comfort them , efpecially fuchwho are overtaken in their fleepe,therewith takin° away all motion of the pulfe, to drive away all troublefome cares and thoughts out of the minde, whether thofe paiTi- ons rife from melancholly or black choller, or burnt flegme, which Avicen confirmeth inhisbookeof medicines proper for the heart, where he frith that it is hot and dry in thefecond degree, that it maketh the heart merry, and ftrengthneth the vitall fpirits, both by the fweetnefle of fmell, auflerity of tade, and tenuity ofparts, with which qualities it is helpfull alio to the red ofthe inward parts and bowels. It is to good purpofc uled for a cold llo- mack to helpe digeltion, and to open the obdruftion ofthe braine. It hath a purging quality therein alfo faith Avicen, and that not fo weake, but that itisof force to expellthofc melancholly vapours from the fpirits, and from the blood, which are in the heart and arteries, although it cannot doe fo in the other parts of the body. Di- ofcorides faith that the leavesdrunke in wine and laid to, is a remedy again!! the ding of Scorpions, and thepoifon of the Phulangium, or venemous Spider, as alfo againft the bytings of Dogges, and commendeth the decoflion thereof, for women tobathe orfitinto procure their courfes, and that it is good towafh the teeth therewith when they are full of paine,and that it is profitable for thofe that have the bloody flixe.The leaves alfo with a little Niter are taken in drinfce againd a lurfet of Mufhroms, it helpeth the griping paines ofthe belly, and is good for them that cannot take their breath, itnlefle they hold their necks upright, being taken in a Lohoc or lickm° Ele- fluary: ufed with fait it taketh away wennes, kernels, or hard dwellings in the fielli or throate, it clenfctfi’ foule fores, and is an helpe to eafe the paines ofthe go wt. Galen frith in his feventh Bookeof Simples, that Banlme is like unto Horehound in qualities, but weaker by much, and therefore few will ufc Baulme when Horehound is fo plentifull, and neere at hand to be had every where. Pliny faith in lib.io.cap.i r. that in Sardinia it ispoyfon, wherein it is very probable that he was much miflaken,and for Sardoniaberba, which is called offome Apinm ri. fus, and of Apuleirts Apiafiellum, he tooke this Apiafirum or Baulme: the juyee thereof ufed with a little honey is a fingular remedy for the dimnefle ofthe light, and to take away the midined'e of the eyes. It is of efpeciall ufc among other things, for the plague or pedilence, and the water thereof is ufed for the fame purpofes. It is alfo good for the liver and fpleene. A Tanfie or Caudle made with egges, and the/uyee thereof while it is young putting fome Sugar and Rofewater untqir, is often given to women in child-bed , when the afterbirth is not throughly avoided, and for their faintings, upon, or after their fore travels. It is ufed in bathings among other warme andjtomfortable hearbes for mens bodies or legges in the Summer time, to comfort the joynts and finews;' which our former age had in much more ufc thannow-adayes. The hearbe bruifed and boyled in a little wine and oylc.and laid warme on a Bile will ripen and breake it. There is an ordinary Ayua-vita or ftrong water llilled and called Baulme water ufed generally in all the Land, which became it hath nothing but the fimple hearbe in it which is too fimple, I will commend a better receit unto you. T ake two pound ofBauime while it is youn^ and tender, of Mints and Sage, of each one pound, bruife them well in aftone-morter, and put them into a pot orlfim- beck, and put thereto of Anifeeds foure ounces; of Clovesof Nutmegs, of Cinamon, of Ginger, of Cubebes-, and ofGalanga, of each one ounce, being all a little bruifed and put into two gallons ofgood Sacke if you will have it excellent good, orelfe into foure gallons of Ale, and fo flill it as Aejua-vitaisdi{di\\ed, and let it dillill as long as youfhall finde any llrength in the water, yet fo that the latter water bee not fo weake, to make all the reft white : whereunto put a pound of Sugar, (baking it well before you fet it away, and after it hath reded fo one moneth, you may ule of it as occafion Ihall require : for it isofefpeciallufeinallpalTionsoF the heart, fwounin"S and faintings ofthe fpirits, and for many other purpofes, whereunto the hearbe is here declared to be availeable. The 44- Chap. 17. Theatrum '\Botankum. Tribe j. The hearbe is ofcen put into oyles or Calves to healegreme wounds, and it is very probable the name of Baulme, was given to this hearbe .from the knowledge of the healing properties of the true and naturall Baulme. It is alfo an hearbe wherein Bees doe much delight, both to have their Hives rubbed therewith to keepe them to°ether,and draw others, and for them to fuck and feed upon; and is a remedy againfi: the flinging of them. The Turkey Baulme is of as good effedl to all the purpofes aforefaid, as the ordinary. The Aflirian Baulme is of excellent vertue to expell any poifon or venome, as alfo again!! the plague or peftilence ufed inwardly and outwardly, it kil- leth the wormes, and helpeth the jaundife, and the paines of the Mother, for it openeth obdruflions, warmeth the cold parts, rarifyeth and clenfeth. Mothcrworc is held of the later Writers, to bee of much ufe for the trem¬ bling of the heart,and in faintings and fwounings,from whence it tooke the name Cardiac/i-.tbt powder thereof to the quantity of a (poonefull drunke in wine, is a wonderful! helpe to women in their fore travels, as alfo for the fuffocations or rifmgs of the Mother, and from thefe effects it is likely it tooke the name of Motherwort with us It alfo provoketh urine, and procureth the feminine courfes, clenfeth the chefl: of cold flegme opprefling it, an ' killcth the wormes ofthc telly. Itis ofgoodufe to warme and dry up the cold humours, to digeft and difper^ them that are fettled in the veines, joynts, and finewes of the body, and to helpe crampes and convulfions, &c. p Chap. XVII. C 'MarrHbmm. Horehound. S Orehound is divided into twoforts by r Dwfcorides,Thofhraflus, andP&y: that is, into black Hore- hound,which they call Hallote, our Itinking black Horehound, and into white, which is the ordinary Horehound that is in ufe in our Apothecaries {hops, & with all others: but there are fome other forts found out,which doe well agree with them in the outward face, and peradventure in the vertues al¬ fo, whereof I meane to entreate in this place, referring fome of the other hearbs unto that that is,proper for them,where they lhall be remembred. x. Mannbiitm album vulgare. Common Hore-lioand. 1. CMarmbium album vulgare. Common Horehound. Common Horehound groweth upwithfquare hoary (hike#* halfe a yard or two foot high, fet at the joynts with two round crumpled, or as it were rough leaves, of a fullen hoary grcenc colour, of a reafonable good fcent, but of a very bitter tafte, the flowers are fmall, white, and gaping, fee in rough hard prickly huskcs,round about the joynts with the leaves,from the middle of the flalkes upwards, wherein afterwards is found fmall round blackifh feed : the root is blackifla,hard and wooddy,with many flings thereat,which dyeth not,but abideth many yeares. i.MarrHbiamHiJpanicHm Candidum. White Spanifh Horehound. This Spanifli Horehound hath divers foure-fquare flalkes,more white and hoary than the ordinary Horehound, whereon are fet the leaves by couples,which are fomewhat longer, thicker, whi¬ ter, & more woolly alfo than it : & a little dented about the edges; the flowers grow towards the toppes of the flalkes in rundlcs, at the feverall joynts with the leaves, which are of a pale purplifli colour like the common fort, ftanding in the like rough huskes; the feed is blacke like it alfo, and fo are the rootes : the whole plant is of a ftronger and better fcent than ours. Gerard hath fee forth this Horehound, and is the fecond with him : but his de- feription doth wholly anfwerc to his fourth, which is the Hore¬ hound of Candy. 3. LMarrubitim Creticunt. Sweet Candy Horehound. Candy Horehound hath more crooked and flendercr flalkes than the laft, being round and not fquarc, whereon doe grow fbmetimes broader, and at other times and places, fmaller, lon¬ ger and narrower leaves than it, for thefe are accounted but one kinde,more dented about the edges, fet by couples, more white or hoary than the former Horehounds, as the flalkes are alfo, which branch forth into many {lender branches, having flowers at fpaces like the former, but fmaller and fet in fmaller and fliar- per huskes,which are purplifh alfo like it; the feed is like it alfo, and the root bnfheth forth with many fibres; the fcent of this is much better than ours, and equall, if not beyond the other. 4. tJMarrubium Creticum angnfiifolinm inodorv.m, Vnfavory Candy Horehound. This Candiot differeth from the laft onely in thefe particulars: it bath fliorter,narrower, and rounder pointed leaves than the former, and is without any good frnell. 5. UWarrubium album villofum. French Horehound. This fmall Horehound rifech nocup above a foot high, with his wooddy round,white, hoary flalkes fpreading into divers branches, whereon are fet thick leaves in the fame manner as the former, but f maller and rounder, a little notched at the edges, and fo white, fmooth and woolly underneath, as no Cotton weed is more, but fome¬ what S, Mamtbium nigrum longfoRum, five Herba Venti Rondeletij & Montyelienfikm. Blacke French Horehound, with long leaves. This other plant that is referred by fome to the black Horehounds, hath many fquare rough (kikes,riling to the heigh The '£ heater of T/ants. Chap. 17. 45 ->. Matrubium Crcticur.’. Sweet Candy Hoiehound. what blackifh and rugged on the upper fide : the flowers fiand at diftances at the toppes of the branches, of a pale purplifti co¬ lour,^ the like rough huskes. 6 Marrabitim album Crifpum. Curld White Horehound. Curld Horehound hath hard round white woolly ftalkes: the leaves are fmaller than the laft, a little crumpled and curld at the edges, and a little dented alfo, of a grayifh colour on both Ikhs, but notfo woolly as the ialt: the flowers Hand in the fame man¬ ner as the reft, in prickly huskes, but whiter than any of the for¬ mer. 7. Aiarrttbium nigrum Hi [panic urn , vsl Ocimaftram Valentin um Clitsij, Spanifhblack Ho ehound. There are two other forts of hearbs, which although they bee no Horehounds, yet for their likenetfe are referred by others therunto,as not knowing better unto what other Tribe or Fami¬ ly they (hould be joyned. '1 he firft of them rifeth up with fquare hairy ftalkes a foote high, the leaves grow by couples at the joynts, fomewhatlong and round pointed, thinner and fuller of veines than the wild blacke Horehound; like unto the middle kinde of Balill faith but Libelfa th like unto black Hore- hound,but longer, and of no feent at all (faith Clafius, but Lobel faith of the fmell of State hades or CaJfidonj.) The flowers grow at the toppes of the ftalkes in wharles or rondels, of a white co¬ lour faith C/#//«.r,(landing in prickly huskes; but faith of a purplilb colour (if that of Lobel be the lame with this of Clufius , whereof « am in fome doubt, in regard both the fmell of the leaves, and the colour of the flowers, which are two efpeciall parts of the plant, are fo differing one from another) the feed is black like the other, aud grow¬ ing in the like prickly huskes • the roote is (mail, and with long firings like unto the wild Nettle, or the white Archangel!. 7 . Alar rub turn nigrum Hifj>anicum,(2‘ c. Spamli) black Horehound. 8 . Marrubium nigrum longifoVu it t Black French Horehound v%ith Ion 1 leaves. Tbeatmn Botanicum , T R I B E I, Chap. 18. i. St achy j maj or German'ica. Great Dutch Bale Horchound, Stachys Lvfitavica. Portugal! Bafe Horehound, iii. fh i U • 4 ,v : Mi¬ ches, ending all of them in Iharpe thornes, whereof' themid- dlemoft is the biggeft and ftrongeft: the flowers are of the bignefle, forme, and colour of the flowers of Spanifli Ger¬ mander, or rather of Sage, but fomewhat paler,and the upper part thereof fomewhat more bowed downeward, Handing thinly fcattered on the branches , very quickly fading and falling away *. it feldome beareth feed, in regard it flowreth fo late with us, but when it doth, it is black, and fomewhat uneven or rugged, and not round : the roote is very great for the fmalnefle of the plant, and wooddy, dilperfing it felfc into many fprayes under ground: the whole and every part thereof, hath no good feent to commend it. The Place. The firft groweth plentifully in Italy, as Matthiolus faith: and in the fields about Rome, as Caftor Tiurantes faith : and in Germany alfo, as others have let it dovvne. The fecond is na- turall of ( yermariy , as Tragus, Lonicerus , Camerarius, Thalius , Gefner, and others doe fet icdownc. The third from the feed that came out of Candy, did the plant fpring. The fourth groweth upon a fmall hill in Germany, called fVaperfalU The fifth groweth in TortineaH,^ Lobel firft relateth it- The fixt and laft Honorius Bellas found in Candy, and fent the feed to Clupus, who faith that heehad the figure and fome notes thereof alio fent him from Iacobus Tlateau, who had not thought that Clupus had feene any fuch plant before. The Time. The foure firft doe all flower about the middle or end of Iuly, but the other two are very late, not flowring for the moft part until! September, whereby no hope of feed could be expe&ed. The mi, Tr i be. i. The 't heater ofT lints. Ch a p« 19. The Names. The firft c Matthiolut in his latter Edition calleth Stachys , and Judgeth it to be the true Stachys of© iofcoridcs , al¬ though in the former editions he had fet forth the fecond with an opinion that it had beene the right, and Dod'mx- m, Luodttnenfs, Tabcrmontanus , and Gerard call it Stachys, alfb Cdmerarius calleth it Stachys minor, Gefner calleth it Stachysfloribusgrat ion's odoris. Lobel calleth it Stachys lycbniths, & StachysJpuriaF/amirorum. Cetfalpinus calleth ithis Salvia fylvefiris tertia, m&Bauhimts Stachys Italicammor , in Englifh the lefler, or Italian bafe Horehound. The fecond is called by Mattbiolus Tfettdo-Stachys , and fo doth Lugdmenfis, but divers others call this Stachys, and Judge it contrary to Mattbiolus his laft opinion to be the truer Stachys of Diofcorides. Gefiier calleth it ,S tachys Germamca, and Camerarius,mayor five Germanica, Cafalpinus calleth it Salviafylvefiris, Tba/ius in Hetrcynia / ylva , Marrubium montanum album, Falias, (falumna, Sideritis Heraclea , and Basthmas Stachys minor Germanicd, in En - glilh Great Bafe Horehound. The third is called by Bauhinus Stachys, and I'feudo-Stachys Cretica, and faith it was fowne for Marrubium Crcticum. The fourth is called by Lonicerus Sphacelus forte Theoplrrafti, Cafalpinus calleth this Salvia fylvefiris nigrior. Tabcrmontanus and Gerard call it Salvia Alpma, and Bauhims I'feudo-Stachys Alpina, in Englifh Mountaine Bafe Horehound. The lift Lobcl calleth S tachys Lnftanica , and Lugdunenfis doththe like, in Englifh Portugal/ Bafe Horehound. The fixt from Candy, was fent unto C tufas by the name of G aiderothymo which fignifyeth A lies Time, whercunto it hath no correfponciency. f'ufus firft called it Stachys jburia, and Bau- hirms StachysJpinofa Cretica , in Englifh Thorny Bafe Horehound. The Vert He s. . ‘Diofcorides and Galen both fpeaking of this kinde of Horehound, called Stachys, fay it is of a hot and fharpe qua¬ lity, a little bitter.and in the third degree ofheat: and therefore the decoction thereof is profitable to procure wo¬ mens courfes, and to cxpcll the after birth, and that it caufeth abortion in women, that is, to mifearry in child-bea¬ ring, or to come before their time: it alfo provoketh urine being (topped, if the parts be fomented with thedeco- ftion thereof, or the party doe fit over the warme fumes. Chap. XIX. Salvia, Sage. £££•)( Have to (hew you here many differences of Sage worthy of obfervation, becaufe other Authors have Kg recorded fome of them to other hearbes. . . .. Salvia m*\or vulgaris. Ordinary Garden Sage, r. Salvia major vulgaris. Ordinary Garden Sage. Our ordinary Sage is reckoned to bee of two forts, white and red ( yet I thinkc they both rife from one and the fame plant flipped and fet) both of them bearing foure-fejuare wooddy ftalkes, in fome whiter greene, in others redder,as the leaves are alfo, (landing by couples at the joynts,being fomewhat long and broad, rough and wrinckled. ofa ftrong fweet feent: at the tops ofthe ftalkes come forth the flowers fet at certaine fpates, one above another, which are long and gaping, like unto the' flow¬ ers of Clary or dead Nettle, but of a ;bluifh purple colour, after which come fmall round feed in the huske that bore the flower: the rootc is woody, with divers firings at it: it is more ufually propagated by flips, pricked or thruft into the ground in the Spring time, than of the feed. Of this kinde are the two forts of party-coloured Sage, the one white and greene: the other whitifli red and greene in moft of the leaves. 2 . Salvia maxima five latifolia. Great white Sage. This great Sage differeth not from the common or ordinary great Sage for the manner of the growing, or the colour of the leaves, or fweetnefle of the whole plant, the chiefe diffe¬ rences confift firft in the leaves, which are much larger, and a little dented about the edges, and fometimes much more, ma¬ king them feeme curled; divers of the leaves being foure inches long, . and three inches broad; and in the flowers , fome plants bearing purplifh flowers like the ordinary, and others tnilke white flowers which is the more rare. 3. Salvia major Cretica latifoliaanguftifolia aurita , & non aurita, pomifera & non pomtfera. Great Sage of Candy with broad and narrow leaves, and bea¬ ring cares and apples, and that beare none. This great Sage hath many fquare hard hoary ftalkes, efpecia!- ly when they are young, but turning almoft round when they grow old, rifingboth greater and higher in the hot Countries than with us, whereon arc fet two leaves at a joynt, one againft another, in fome like our ordinary Sage but larger/in others fomewhat fmailer and longer.; in many plants of both forts there will bee fmall pieces of leaves growing on both fidesatthebottome oftKe leaves,‘ana in fome plant? or places there will be r^ne. ofthe fe pieces or cares to F bee Theatrum Eotanicwn. TrIBEI' Chap. 19. bee feene, ( which hath caufed feverall Authors to give fevcrall figures) which are very hoary underneath, and more creene on the upperfide, having as it were the hoarynefie rubbed oft'from them, of a much ftronger feent thanthc common: the Hall es branch forth on all fides, towards the toppes whereon ftand the flowers at diftances , like unto the flowers of ordinary Sage , but of a pale or whitifh purple colour; after which come great heads of feed (landing in the famehuskes or cuppes that bore the flowers before, which are fo much fwollen, that they feeme to be berryes, with or foure great feeds in them. Thefe kindes likewife beare in the hot Countries of Egypt, Candy,&c. atthejoynts, andfometimes bctwecnc the joyntsof the ftalkes, ccrtaineexcrefcenceslike unto (mall Apples or berryes bigger than Piftack nuts, ©fan inch thicknefle at the lead, and covered with much downe or cotton, fomewhat rough in handling, ofatafte not fo hot, but more bind¬ ing than the Sage, and not unpleafant, which the people ulually eate with bread, but in other colder Countries it never beareth any. 4. S a/via minor,five pinnate. Small Sage, or Sage of Vcrtue. This leflcr Sage groweth like unto the firft great white Sage, but that the branches are long and flcndcrer, the leaves alfo whitifti, and never red, and much fmallcr or narrower, having for the moll part at the bottome of each leafe, on each fide a fmall piece of a leafe, which maketh it feeme like finnes or earcs; the flowers al£b are of a bluifh purple colour, but leflcr. Of this kinde there is one that beareth white flowers, differing in nothing elfc from the o- ther. 5. Salvia minor a nr it a odoratiffima Hiffanica. The fwectcfl fmall SpanifTi Sage with eares. This Spanifn fmall Sage is in mod things fo like tjie ordinary fmall Sage with eares,called Sage of Vertue, that unlefie it bee well heeded or marked, it will bee thought all one with the other, but herein confideth the difference, it feldome groweth to be fo great, the leaves are fomewhat fmallcr and greener, or notfo white, it is more tender to keepe, and doth quicklier perifh in the Winter* unleffe it be better defended than the other; and the fmell hereof is farre more milde/wcet,and pleafant,yet fomewhat quicker wirhall than the former, which is eafily difeerned by any that can judge of feents; and laftly, fomc kinde hereof beareth white flowers, an o- thcr blue. 6 . Salvia Cretica anguftifolia non am it a. Small Candy Sage without eares. This fmall Candy Sagcrifcth up with divers hard ftalkes , of a brownifh colour, having the leaves fet thereon by couples, which are much narrower than in any other Sage, and without any eares at all fet unto them, of a whitifh greene colour like the fmall Sage, and a little dented or crumpled about the edges; this brancheth forth plentifully, bearing purple flowers at the toppes in fpikes, without any leaves among them , the roote is hard and wooddy, fpreading under ground diverfly. 7. Salvia minor altera flore ritbente. Small red flowred Sage. This fmall Sage differeth little in the forme of growing ox bignes, or colour ofthe leaves from the ordinary fmall Sage, but that it hath not eares fo frequently with the leaves as it hath : the chiefeft difference from all others is that the flowers are red, and that both fmell and tafte are like unto Woormcwood. 8 . Salvia lanuginofa anguflifolia. Small woolly Sage. This woolly Sage hath divers round ftalkes a footc and ahalfehigh, fo hoary and woolly, that they are fofc therewith, though underneath they be wooddy, which fpread into many branches,with leaves fet thereon like the other, which arc thick, narrow, fhort, and very hoary, white and rough, of two inches long, and halfe an inch in breadth, fmclling like unto Tanfyc: the flowers ftand in fpikes at the toppes of the branches, of a purplifh colour, like unto the flowers of dead Nettle or Archangcll, with many fmall long threads in the middle. 9. Salvia folio fubrotnndo. Round leafed Sage. This Sage hath many fquare hoary ftalkes with leaves fet thereon in fuch manner as the others are, which arc rough or crumpled like the leaves of ordinary Sage, but thinner, aud much whiter, round alfo like unto the leaves of V iolets, or round rooted Birthwort, yet ending in a point:in other things it differeth not from the ordinary com¬ mon Sage. IO. Salvia frtiticofa Into a anguftifolia,fwe fhlomU Lychvitu ‘Diofcoridis Clufio, The greater yellow wilde Sage with narrow leaves. This kinde ofSage (for thereunto I thinke it fitted toreferre it, and not toany Mullein as others doe, for which I fhall fhew you the reafon preiently hereafter) hath many very hoary and woolly leaves, the lower fides cfpcci*- ally more than the upper, longer and narrower alfo than thofe of the fmall Sage, among which rife up fquare hoary ana hairy ftalkes about a foote high, whereon doe grow fuch like long hoary leaves as grow below, two alwayes fet together one againft another at the j'oynts • where the flowers ftand at (paces,about the toppes of the ftalkes with two leaves under them, broad at the bottome, and compafling the ftalkes, being fhorter than the reft : the flowers are large, open, and gaping, like unto Sage, or fomewhat more like unto thofe ofthe dead Nettle, or Archangell, «. Xalviapomiftra. 4 . Salvia minor pinnati. 5agc bearing apple * Sage of Venue. X R I B E I. The Theater of Tlantes. 6, Salvia Cretica angufiifolia non /writs . Small Candy Sa^c withoutcarc*. HAP. T£>. 10 . Salvia frutkofa lutea anguftfolia five Pblomislicimisj&c. bellow wilde Sage with narrow leaves. of a yellow colour comming forth out of hoary woolly huske?,covered with pale coloured haires, the toppes by realon of the length and weaknefle bending a little downewards , alter which come brownifh feed inclofedin \\ oolly huskes; the root is blackifh and wooddy. 11. Salviafritticof,a lutea UtifoUa five Vcrbafcmn fylveftrc quay turn Matthioli . V rench or yellow wilde Sane with broad leaves. r v i ^ divers Authors doe account this hearbe a Mullein, and fo doe number it among the kindes thereof, yet I thinke it more proper toput it among the Sages: for Label and Pena in their Adverfaria lay, that it is called wilde Sage in the Gardens of Italy , France, England, and the Netherlands : and in regard that the leaves and flowers both of this, and the precedent doe rather relemble Sage than tJMullcin, this the greater Sage, and the former the lelfer, J leeno reafon whythekfhouldbe called Mulleins, or referred unto them rather then unto S'age, feeim none of the Mulleins that are properly fo called, have hooded or gaping flowers likeunto Sage,Archangel!, and the like: but all of them are compofcd of five leaves,laid open likeunto the Campions, and many other ifuch like flowers. J ake therefore the defeription thereof here in this manner. It hath divers fquare wooddy hoary ftalkes, whereon grow at leverall fpaers, rugged, hoary, broad, and almoft round pointed leaves, many let together, very like unto the great Sage, but greater : the flowers grow likevvife in rundles or lpaces towards the toppes of the ftalkes, very 1 if. 3 u°: mlt ° r ^ e ^ owers of Sage,or Archangell, but ofa yellow colour: the feed is greater than of any Sa"e, fome- wtat browmfh and round like the lad : the root is wooddy, with divers firings and fibres faftned unto it: the whole plant fmelleth fomewhatftrong and heady. Co-Wfcttethdowne another fort hereof, whichhce faith is more jweet, but I mervaile where he had any relation of another, there being but one fort chat ever I could heare ot r ar know. r'. Salviamimr Ultra Cretica. Small yellow Sage of Candy, firs [mail Sage groweth w ith three or foure ftalkes that are hard, fquare, and hoary, about a foote or more high r m ted u nta0t ier ™ a " er t |ra, ' u: ' ies ) at whofejoynrs being feparate farre in funder, come ultially two, andfome- imes three or more, rough fmall hoary leaves, very like unto the fmall Sage leaves, and at them likewile towards the fe£F“r° f H VI . eS ’ tand divers fma11 S a P irl S flo "’ ers very like unto thole of Sage,but of a gold yellow colour, f rlfd; -1 iC . an - cl f ° me . wllat long '• the rocite is wooddy and (lender, the whole plant is of little fweet cent, but ftiptick or aftringent in tafte. A/phstts calleth this VerbafcvlnmSali/ifoUnm,mA differing in the fmalneffc "l ' ot J ler Sahipolmm, which is foure times bigger,and would referre it to THofcorides his Vcrbafcum fyhefire, , "ig the text which is fomewhat faulty, in faying r crass habet chcumvirgatvcluti Marrnbinm : but Mnrrubi- y .f f™ n ° t ra ™ !os ’ but flares dream viriu t and fo it is moftlikely the text fhonld runne, but I fuppofe it is mod liKe unto a lmau Sage, whereunto I therefore referre it, becaufe no Verbafcum hath gaping flowers. The Place. b r t. The nrlt groweth inifaiaesod Narbone,c. but will not abide with us, nor ever bcare thofeapples. The fourth is in many of out gardens, and Lctyuu faith, groweth plentifully in Spame.md fo doth the fift. The fife came out of J»4i'Z,and is the fweeteft ofall other, yet it differeth as I faid, from the former fmall Sage, which o ovvSh in S;«ilikewife abundantly. Thefixt was taifed from the feed that came out of C«dy whereof S„1 e th mention,that he received the figure thereof fet forth to the life in colours, from Ua>hus TUseaa, as it grew wnh bim. The leventh ^.,Wfaithhefirftfawinan Apothecaries Garden in *•$* ' ** afterwards in the Duke of yt-iumberis Garden at Mom Telgard, but from whence it was brought to them.he doth not declare The faith he recaved from D&tor Ne«Jorfer„s, and faith no more. The ninth heefa.thhkew.fehee had from an Apothecaric at S malcald : the two next throughout Spam and ?»rt»M/plentifully .and the elec enth a- bo" 4 "&' alfo: the laft grew in Candy. Ml thefe forts will grow by the flippes taken from them, and planted ill Match or Aprill- The Time. _ . , _ hiofi ofthefe forts of Sage doe flower in Iuly, or about the time of the ordinary Sage, yet feme of them flowefi not untill Auguft. All of them alfo doc beare feed, but the fmall ordinary Pigge Sage, or Sage of vertue, which al¬ though Idoe Acknowledge to give feed in fome places, and in feme yeares, yet moft commonly, and with many it doth not, nor the fmcet lmall Spanilh kindc The Names. _ , Sane is called in Sreeke'EMXiVpixor. The pale a(h-coloured dry and withered deformity of the leaves of Sage,efpe- ciallv on the dry and burnt hills in the hot Countries where it groweth naturall, was the caufc to give it that name, as ifvoLi fhouldcall it, fcorched or confumed by biafting, for i^«v doth figmfie intorquere and cmtr*here to bee drawne together, or wound within it (elfe, and or rather v?taA©- doth figmfie that dUcafe in plants, which the Latine”call Jutenuio, a biafting, that is, when the hearbe or tree by the extreame heate of the Sunne in the Do S* daves or otherwife pierfing into it, and drying up the moiftute that nounlhed it, feemeth to grow faint and dry, o/as it were fcorched. It might faith PoL be fitly fo named, fromithehelpe this hearbe giveth to t^fe parts of a mans body that l'eeme to be as it were dead by lorne blading, in reftoring the naturall heat and vigour to the part, in which quality it excelleth, giving a friendly and beneficial! comfort to the vitall fpmts; tines called it Salvia, avia falvos homines & incotames efficiac, becaufe it maketh men fafe and found in health. 1 the I atine verfifyer from hence tooke his occafion to fay ^.rmorisur homo cumSalv,* ertf*, »Wta AndSagem En^lifh, from the property in comforting and {lengthening the head and memory,to make: men lage W > miftaking the Grceke word v*ax©-> and tianllacing it?**© - which is j that T ribe !• T be Theater of Tlantes. Chap.ip. ^ that Elilijphacos, with the Greekes is/jfera with others. The one is more gentle than the manured lentell, with a Ieffer, dryer, and fweeter leafe; and the other kinde that is wilde, is of a more grievous feent, &c. too much here to recite and fet downe, and to little purpofe. The fir(T is generally called Salvia major & latifolia, by almoft all Au¬ thors : the fecond Clufws faith he firft faw in Auflria, and Bauhinus that he had it firft from England, and called it Salvia latifoliaferrata; the third is called Salviapomifera cr baccifera, or baccata cE Crerica, oT^Cretenfis, to fhew the kinde. Label calleth it (foccifera, Matthiolus Salviafrullum inflar galUfcrcns , and Aneuilara Salvia Graca which he faith they ufully call Phlafcomelea-. the fourth is called Salvia nobilis by Gefner o)‘ minor by Matthiolus and divers others, angujlifolia ,and tenuifalia by fome others, aurita alfo, or auriculata, or pimata by o- thets : the fift Camerarius calleth Salvia Hijpanica odoratijpma, but B.whims Salvia folio tenuiore , the old Gerard calleth it Salvia Indicx, but his Correfter confoundeth it with the feventh following as you fhall heare: the lixt C/k- f'“s fetteth forth with this title, Salvia Cretica angujlifolia, and Bauhinus Salvut angujlifolia ferrata : the feventh 2 hj*fwj/«onelyhathremembreduntousbythe name of Salvia minor altera, and I adde thereunto flare rubente to make it the better kntrwne, for it is fcarce knowne to many : this is that Sage that I faid before Maher Iohnfon that corrected Gerard hath erred exceedingly.in con founding this with the fift, which is the lame that Maher Cannon (hewed him and gave me, whofe feent is farre fweeter than the fmall Piggc Sage, and much differing from the feent of Wormewood, if he had asducly enformed his fmell thereof, as heedid his fight of the flower: the eighth Bauhinus alfo giveth the name of Salvia angujlifolia Unuginofa, and in Englifh fmall woolly Sage: the ninth fike- wifehath his name in the title, Bauhinus giving the Latine, and I theEnglifh : the tenth is called by f'lujluj Phlo- raisLycknitis, and referreth it to the Lychnitis called alfo Thryallis by Diofcorides , and by the Cahilians in Spaine Candilera, and thofe of Granado Menchera : Lob el calleth it Verbafcumfylvejlrcfoltys falvie tenuifolU, and Bauhinus Verbafcum angujlis fuhi.t foliys, who faith it is alfo called of lomc Angarathi : bnt Cjcfner in her tie Germania calleth it Salvia fylvefrU Monfpelienjium, and therefore 1 have placed it in the number of the Sages, and altered the title in Latine.and call it thcrcafter,in Englifh,the greater yellow Sage with narrow leaves: the eleventh is called by Mttt- thiolus alfo Verbafcumfylvejhe ,being bis fourth,and from him Anguilara,CaJlorDurantes,CluJiHs,a\\ “d perifheth not 8. Bormimmfylveflrc LtyendnUjUre, Wild Clary . with Spike flowers. This wild Clary groweth like unto the ordinary wilde Clary, with fquare hairy ftalkes as high as it, fet with har¬ der narrower and fmoother leaves, deeplier endented a- ir* l e v§ es ’ an< ^ rounder pointed, the flowers are much efle than they ; and neither in bignefle or colour, much ! rdenng from the flowers of Spike or Lavender, growing m (paces as the red doe : the feed and rootes differ not,nor the lmell hereof much, from the other wild indes. 9 - HormwHmfylvcfirefnhifclium. Sage leafed wild Clary. The Sage leafed Clary hath low fquare ftalkes, not much above a foot and a halfe high, whereon grow two hard rugged leaves at a joynt, very like unto Sage leaves, but not hoary at all, of a datke greene colour, dented about the edgesi: the flowers grow at fpaces round about the Ra kes, of a faire purple violet colour in fume, and more pale in others, oralmoft of an afh-colour in others: the iced is black, and fo is the root without, but-yellow with¬ in, and abideth without perilling, as xnoft of thcle wilde kindes T R i b e. l. The Theater ofTlants. Ch a v»i ®. 57 kindes doe, the fmell hereof is more pleating and leffe heady than moflof the others. _ There is another of this kinde that differeth chiefly from it, m that it groweth much higher , and hath thicker ( {hikes, larger and thicker leaves alfo, fpotted with divers white ftrakes, and fpots thercin.ellc in forme and colour ; both of leaves and flowers, there is no difference. _ r jo- Horminumfupinum Crctlcum. Low Candy Clary. T The low Clary of Candy hath divers leaves lying upon the ground, having every one a long foote-llalke fome¬ what fmall toward it, and growing broader to the middle, ending in a fmall point, and three or foure inches long, rough or rugged, or fnipt about the edges: the (hikes are fomewhat cornered,on which doe grow fuch like leaves, fet by couple! as in the reft, and towards the toppes white flowers,very like for forme and colour unto the flowers of Garden Neppe, yet without any fwcetfcent to commend it. i j . Horminum anguftifolium htcinintum, Tornc and narrow Icaicd Clary* This Clary is fmall and low alfo, growing not above a foote high with his (hikes, which are fquare and hairy, feldomc divided into branches; the leaves that are fee thereon by couples, as in the other forts, are lomewhat fmall and hairy, about one inch in breadth, and three in length, torne in deepely on the edges, efpecially the lowed; but thofethat grow up higher are but onely waved.or grofely endented like the leaves of Seelefemtnum, or Milt wafte, the flowers are fmall and whiteiftanding in rundles about the toppes of the [hikes, ending in a long fpike, which bendeth downewards with the length : after which come black feed. II. Horminum luteum five CoinsIovu. Yellow wilde Clary, or /«/««•/diftaffe. This kinde of yellow wilde Clary,hath divers large hoary, or whitifh greene leaves, dented about the edges, dam ding upon long foote-ftalkes, riling from the roote, which are broader at the bottome, fmoother alfo, and fome¬ what fat or clammy in handling, as the fquare (hikes alfo are, and fomewhat hairy, that anie from among them to the height of two or three foote, whereon are fet by couples fuch like leaves as grow below, but fomewhat lef- fer • at the toppes of the (hikes the flowers come forth, fet at fpaces, which are gaping, and like unto Clary, but of a faint yellow colour, after which come brownilh black feed; the roote is compofed of many long firings, where¬ by it taketh ftronq hold in the ground, and abideth many yearcs: both leaves and flowers fmell lomewhat ftrong. I, ScUreti JkthiopioifiW'y£thiopis Ucimatis , & non UcitiUtisfolijs. Plaine and jagged /Ethiopian Clary. The nearer refemblance that both thel'e Ethiopian hearbs liave.the one being fet forth in my former Worke,under the name of Eethiopian Mullein, hath made me upon more mature cogitation and deliberation, to what gem* oc kind they ought to be bed referred, rather to joync them to this tribe of the Claries, and elpecially to our common garden Clary, than to the Vnbtfica M»lleins,ns all Authors before me have done ; for although they may be Wol- leins in regard of their woollines, yet the whole forme and frame of leaves, flowers and feed are more like unto the garden Clary, as alfo the time ofabiding and periflring, as the Clary doth after feed-bearing, which few of the o- fter wild Claries doe: and finely Mulleins they cannot properly be,m regard«f their hooded or gaping flowers Which no Mulleins properly fo called have,as I have (hewed more largely in the Chapter of Sage going before, and c HAP. 20 . Theatrum Botanicum. Ts IBEI 12. lute urn fixe Co tut iovi>. Yellow vvilde CbryjOr Jupiters diftaftc. ii. Coli loviifioics. TllC flow Cl'S tluTepf. in this. The description hereofis in this manner.Each of them have divers very large leaves Spread upon the ground, every one nigh a foote long, and almoft: lialfe a foote broad, ending in a point,in the one lmooth.and in the other very much torne in on the edges on all Sides, and dented thereabouts, both alSo ofa whitilh hoary greene colour,'with much white hoarineffe or woollinefle upon them : in the middle w hereofrifeth up a hoary Iquareftalke, divided toward the toppe into fundry Small branches, whereon are Set divers Smaller leaves, and at the roppes divers large white hooded flowers, the one like the other, let at diftanecs about the branches : after which come the feed, two alwayes joyned together in one feed veC- Scll, which are brownilh, the one like'the other alfo. The plants doe both die after feed time, which is ufually the fe- cond years after the fpringing. The <%Lce. The fit ft is planted oncly.in Gardens, and fo is the Second in thefc Wefterneparts of Eurofe, bothon this fide and beyond the Aljxs, by the judgement of the heft Authors. The third was firft brought by t alnaam into tbefe parts out of Syria* The fourth is wiide in many places of Germany. The filth is wild in our owne Country, almoft every where by tec way fides, andfo is the other ofthis kind with the pnrplefralkcs, blit the other with greene ftalkes groweth in Hamary, and divers other places in Germany. The Sixth C/aJhey jfifft found in the Vcdowes neare Sofronium in Hr. re ary. The Se¬ venth was Sent out of Italy, and as it is likely is.origirxai.ly of that Country. The eighth grew with C befits of the leed bee received cut ofSpainc, but yet as lie Saith he found it likewife neare the riding place at Cjreenemch. The ninth groweth in Hungary almoft every where in their Vineyards,-and. by the Way tides. The tenth grew ofthe feed was lent out a’tC.ndy., The eleventh both at OMcmpelier and in Candy, The twelfth through- i J. Scion 0 Actbioyica five Aclblopii > on Uetniata. i'lame j£clucpian CLuy. The Theater of ‘Plantes. Chaf.2o. 5, X R I B E I. throughout al Hungary in great plenty ;and in Auflria,Sc in many other places.The laft as Diofcorides faith,on Mount Ida in Phrygia, ana in Meffenta , but of late dayes gathered from fomc of the Hills of Greece and Illyria , that are ncarc the Sea,but is chiefly kept in Gardens. The Time, They all flower in the Summer Moneths of Iune and Iuly, yet fome a little later than others, and their feed is ripe in Auguft, or thereabouts. The Flames, Thefe are called inGrcekc °(idvw a-acreifiOa quod -ryot-em manat vafOf.ua advenerem Jlimulat, as Diofcoridet faith : for fignifieth impetu quodamferri quemaimodum in venrremprtmi : becaufeit provoketh to venery. And Gaza that tranflated Theophraflus into Latine.tranflateth the word into C/eminalis, from thefruitfulneflc it caufeth moftlikely in bearing twinnes, in Latine alfo Horwmwwj. We call it in Englifh Clary , of the Latines Stcarlea, or ScUrca, which as Anguillara faith, is fo called of the Ethiopians, and isalwayes taken for our ordinary Garden Clary, qttafl Cleere eye. The fuff ordinary Clary is Cluflus his firft kindcof wildC lary : with GMatthiolue, Came¬ rariut, Gefiier and others called Sclarea and S clxrea hortenfls, with Label Scarlea ; with Tragus Ga/litricum fativum, and with Lugdunenfls and Gerard Galitricttm, Horminum, and Ormimm with Cordns and others: but Ruethus and Fuchflus take it to be the Garden Horminum af Diofcorides, which Matthiolus contrarieth, and Dodonaus taketh it to be Horminum fylvejlre of Diofcorides, and Dalcchampius upon F liny, Scordmm alttrum Plinq : by Fracaflortus Sideritit Heraclea ; of Dodonatts and Durances OrvaU, and is called likewile by fome others Centrum Gath, and Matrifalvia. It is taken of fome to be the Scoparia whereof Pliny maketh mention among the Stderitides ,a n d fome his TuJJilago altera-, others take it to be Phorbion of Cjalcnar Baccharis of Diofcorides,Sc fome AleFlorolophus of Pliny: Pliny as ilhewed you before in the Chapter of Horchonnd,millakcth every where the Grecke woral which is Horehound, as if it were parrum Leekes, for here he faith that Clary hath the leaves of Lcekes, recitin^ the words of Diofcorides, when as he fhouldhave laid like unto Horehound. The fecondkindc here fet downe, is called by Matthiolus Hormixum domeflicum, and by Lacuna, Anguidara, Dodonaus, Lobe!, Cafalpinus, Cafior Du- rantes, Lugdunenfis,Cameraritts,Tabermantanns, and Baubinus, Horminum or Horminum fativum, or Horminum verum, (although Cjerard againff the authority of fo many worthy and learned Writers faith, they arc deceived without (hewing his reafons how,and calleth it wild Clary with purple leaves) in Englifh The true Garden Clary of ‘Diofcorides and others. The third is called Horminum Syriacum, both by Camerariut and Baubinus, and was brought out of Syria by the name of' Bifarmar or B format, and called alfo Aman by fome, in Englifh Aflirian Clary. The fourth is called by Cluftus in his Pannonick obfervations, Horminum fylvejlre latifolium Pannoriscumprimum and is his third Horminumfylveflre, in his Hiftory of plants: in Englifh Germany Clary. The fifth is our ordinary wild Clary called Oculut Chrifli, and Horminumfylveflre vulgare : ofFuchfus, Cordus, Gcfner, Ltmicerus, Turner Label, Camerariut, Lugdunenfls, Cluflus, and others. Gerard his figure of Coins Iovis is the true figure of this wilde Clary. Brunfelfius calleth it Salvia agrrflis: and Befler that fet forth the Garden of Eyjlot, Salvia apreflis flare pur¬ purea. Tragus and Gefner Salvia fylveftris & vera. It is likely alfo to bee Dodonaus his fourth Orvalafylveflris, Cafalpinus laith, it is the common Cjallitricum in Italy. Tabermon'anus calleth it Sclareafylveflris. And fomewould make it to be Pimp his AleFlorolophus, and others to be a kindcof Verbenaca reSla, upright Vervaine : and of Bau- hinus Horminum pratenfefelijtferratis. The fixth is called by Cluflus Horminum fylveflre q niveo flore and is the other fort of his fourth wild kinde in his Hiftory of plants. Gerard his figure of Horminum fylvejlre, is the true fi¬ gure of this plant. Tabermontanut cHWth it Sclarea fy/vejlris flore albo, and the great Booke of Fyftetenfls Salvia ugreflis flore albo, in Englifh hoary wild Clary with a white flower. Thefevcnth is the fourth fort of the fourth kinde of wild Clary by Cluflus, of Baubinus Horminum majusfihjs profundius incifls : in Englifh Italian Clary with a red flower. The eight is Cluflus his firft fort of the fourth kind of wild Clary which hee had from S paine by the name of Bacchant, and growethat GreencwichiKo. Tabermontanut calleth it S clarea Hifpanica, and Gerard Ga/li- trkum altcrum,of Baubinus Horminum fylvefire lavendula floretindflufius faith it is the Sideriti, a Hern:folio of Lug- dunenflt, in Englifh wild Clary with ff.ikc flowers. The ninth is the Horminumfylveflre of Matthiolus, Cafalpmus, Cafior Dur antes and Lugdunenfls, Tragus, calleth it Salviafylveftris adulteri na, of Label it is called Verbafcum ni¬ grum falvifoliunt purpureo flore : and fo alfo of Lugdunenfls, it is Dodonaus his Orvula altera, and Cluflus his fift kinde of wilde Clary, whereof there are two forts, the one greater than the other, as is fet downe in the deferipti- ons. Bauhinus calleth them Horminum fylvefire falvifolium majut etc minus. The tenth is Cluflus his fixth kindeof wilde Clary which he called Horminum mimuflupmum Creticum, and in Englifh Candy Clary. The eleventh is cal¬ led by Bauhinm Horminum anguflifohum Uciniatum & folds Scolopendria at CMompeliir. it was as hee laid, fent him likewile by the name of Horminum Creticum album. Thetwefthis called by Lobe!, Cluflus, Camerariut, Luedu- nenfis, Fyfietenfis,mi Gerard Calm Iovis. Dodonetu calleth it OrvaU tertia. Cafalpinus Melinum, Dalcchampius and Lugdunenfls Ga/eopfls lutea, and is Cluflus his fecond wild Clary. Some call it Camphorata, fome Sphacelus, and others thinke it to be Stachys Plinij. Bauhinut calleth it Horminum luteum glutinofum. Some others alfo call it Hor¬ minum luteum, and Hormimm Trident’mum. The thirteenth is of two forts,the one called ' s much differing from this: for he faith the flowed title of Verb thrum sen ’ 4 3 ? C ° f 3t 7 3re ’ 3n d °f the fame forme and colour, and thereupon giveth it the forum UcLilttZ. W Eruetfolwm. as it is to be amended: and in his obfervations, Verbafcum fflvefire f„hi. thicker 0M “ Uc ^ ha tl'from a wooddy roote, divers white hoary leaves like unto Sage leaves, but whiter, round ft Ike r n tt r P °‘ n ?i’ every - ? n c e a lon .S footc ftalke > among which rife up divers hoary white the ftsjke ft ’ j a !, d there with fuch like whitilh leaves, bur a little fmaller and narrower - at the toppes of - 9l V f< a, ‘! ,m f ol V^,atcuuifoI,a Sjriacum. Small Sage-leafed Mullein ofSyria, fnoncr hfi/ ^ ls P ant ’ y ct kecaufe Lobel who firft fet it forth, entituleth it Pblomos , and placeth it a- mthc? Mian r “f r MU f InS ’ i C “ n 0C n0 ‘ cffe ^ y° u « alfo with them , with this my note of Vcrbafculum f ttrfr the poll r of iWrs diffcrin § (rom 311 the «»»•****** this ^7- or PinoeCa 1, fft’llamoreexaftmaybe given. It hath long, narrow, and pointed leaves like unto the Idler low minvR e,a J' 0<>ary as tkc ffltiare ftalkes are, which have alfo much woollinefle on them : the flowers areyel- 3tthelrt °PP es “ ke «•»*- °™e wild Campion, or Flower of fVftt, ly ty, lace CrIc^ S TH? bythefideWayes3ndL3nesk,man y places in this Land: the fecond in the fields betweere !n and Hafma, neare Elfeuore in Seamarks, there obferved by Lobel. The third and fourth doe grow but 1 kevvift > bothhr 's^ l 13 ^ kard ^ ^ nde a P' ant > n a great wa^^Thefift in'mafiy 1 places Wife, both in l «,Sw7,£f«, and elfewherc, The fixt is fometinfes alfo to be found wild abroadvbut- & 7 - 6 z Chap.zi. Tkeatrum c Botanicum. Tribe, i. 7. ycrbajcum laciniatvm, lagged Mullein. 8. [Serbafeum Salvifohum exoticum Cifioides . Sage leafed Mullein. <9. Vcrhafculumfol'tjs Salvia ttnuifolia Sjtmum. Small Sage leafed Syrian Mullcin- yer icarfely to be met with, and indeed unleffe one well exercifed in the knowledge of plants, doe light upon it, and know it, it will fcarle beregarded ofa greatmany others. The feventh Lobel faith he found neare the ruincs of an old Church, by the Bathes at Bathe in England. The eight is a Granger to us, we have onely the know- ledgethatit groweth aVop flamma, for that it ferved as a weeke to put into lampes to burne ; and of the Latines Candela regia and Candelaria , becaufeihe elder age ufed the ftalkes dipped in Suet to burne, whether atFuneralls or otherwife, and fo likewife the Englifh name Higtaper, ^for Hightaper, the h being left out, ufed in the fame manner, as aTa- per or Torch. It hath alfo fome other names in Latine, as Thapfus Thlapfus ,and Tapfus barbatus,znd Lanaria, inEnglilh alfo fome call it Torches, fome Bullockes longwort, lome Hares beard, and fome Iupitcrs ftaffe: The firft is called Verbafcum mas, and Verbaf¬ cum mas latifolium oft mod Writers. The fecond hath no other name than is in the title. The third is called by fome Verbafcum mas and by fome Famina & e converfo , Lobel calleth it in bis oblerva- tions Verbafcum famina,and in his leones, he calleth it Phlomos alter , Verbafcum lychnite Matthioli ; of Fuchfttts it is called Verbafcum candtdum mas : of T>odon&us in French, of Turner and Gefner , in hort. it is called Verbafcum album famine*.: and of ‘Dodonaus in La- tine Verbafcum angufiius ; in Englilh, white Mullein with long leaves. The fourth is called by Lobel Tapfus barbatus maximus cdoratus mendionalium (and not Septentronalium as Bauhinus bath • - ' .. " it) T R I BE. !. The 1heater of Tlants. Chap. 22. 6 % it) fore alto, in Englifh Sweet white Mullein. The lift is called Verbafcum nigrum of all others. The fixt is not fet forth by any other Author that I canhnde than by TSar-hinut, whoonelyremembrethit,asakiiidofhis firft yellow Blattaria, or peradventure that ’Blattaria .of Pliny with many branches: for the common blackc wiide Mullein is not this, but another piant.and therefore the name in the title is fufficient for it. The feventh is called by Matthiolns Verbafcum aliudfltsA. Label Co faith alfo,andmay b. his Eruca folium, or Sahifolmm latimatUm as I laid in thedeferip- tion. tugdunenfis calleth it Verbafcum latimatttm fdattlnoli, and Camerarim Verbafcumfoliopapaveris cornuti. The eighth Lobe! calleth Verbafcum fy/vejlreftlvifolitim exoticum, and Baubinus Verbafcum fubrotmdo falvia folic, and faith he had it out of Coatarems his garden, by the name of Verbafcum CiJHoides : in Englifh I have called it Sage leafed Mullein,becaufe 1 judge it may be a Mullein, in regard the flowers are Ciflus fafliion which is aniwerable to the reft of the right Mulleins.Tbe laft is called by Libel Phlonws lychnitis altera Syriaca.Lugimenfs S< Baubinus Ver- bafeumfolio Salvia tenaifolia. It is called by the Italians Vtrbajco, and Taffo barbaffo: by the Spaniards Verbafco : by the French 'Bovillon: by the GermanesW^/^Bt; by the Dutch Wmllc cru ijdt andwein Englilh Mullein 6 tc asisabovefaid. Tbe Vert ties. Mullein is commended by D iofeorides againft laslies and fluxes of the belly, ifa fmall quantity of the root be gi¬ ven in wine the decoftion thereof drunke is profitable for thofe that are burden, and for thofe that have crampes and convullions; and likewife for thofe are troubled with an old cough : the decoftion thereof gargled, eaferh the paines of the toothache. If the feed and flowers hereof, together with the flowers of CamomiU, and the powder ofdryed Venice Turpentine,be call upon a few quick coales in a chafing-difh, or fuch like other thing let into* Clofe-ftoole, and the party fitting bare over the fiimes, that is troubled with the piles or falling downe of the fun-* dament, or any the pames of that place, doth give milch cafe and helpe : as alfo for thofe that have a great defire to goe often to theftoole and can doe nothing, especially to fuch as have the bloody Hixe. An oyle made by the often infulion ofthe flowers, is of very good e&cft for the piles alfo. The decoftion of the roote in red wine,or in water ifthere be an ague, wherein red hot fteele hath beene often quenched, doth (lay the bloody flixe. The fame alfo opencth the obftruftions of the bladder and reiues when one cannot make water. A decoftian of the leaves here¬ of, and of Sage, Mar jerome, and CamomiU flowers, and the places bathed therewith, that have their veincs and fmewesftarke with cold, or with crampes, doth bring them much eafe and comfort. It is laid that thesis not a better remedy found out for the hot gowt then to drinke three ounces of the diftilled water ofthe flowersevery morning and evening for fome dayes together. Arnaldus faith, that if two drams ofthe j'uyce ofthe rootes of Mul¬ lein before it beare (hike, be taken in a draught of Mufcadine at every time, for three or foure times one after ano¬ ther, an home before the fitt of the quartanc ague commeth upon any, it lhall furely helpe them. The j'uyce ofthe leaves and flowers being laid upon rough warts, as alio the powder of the dryed rootes rubbed on, doth eafilv take them away, as CMatthiolus faith, although it will doe no good to thofe that arefmooth: and that the powder of the dryedflowersis an cfpecjall remedy for thofe are troubled with belly aches, or thepaines and torments ofthe colhck, T he decoftion ofthe roothpreof,and fo likewife the leaves is of great effeft to diffolve the tumors or fwel- lmgs, as alfo the inflammations ofthe throat.The feed and leaves boyled in wane, and after laid to any place that is pnekt with a thorn, hath a fplinter.Or fuch like thing got into the fkfh.drawcth th£ forth fpeedily.eafeth the pames and healeth them alfo.The leaves being brmied wrapped in double papers,and covered with hot aihes and embers’ to bake a while,and then taken forth and laid warme upon any botch or boyle that hapneth in the groine or (hare,by famine He or other wife, doth diffolve and heale them. The feed hereof bruifed, boyled in wine,and laid upon any member out of joynt after it is fet in agame, taketh away all fwellings and paines thereof. The leaves and topped ofthe leffer white Mullein boyled m water, and laid upon the places pained with the gowt, doth wondroufly eafe them The Milled water ofthe flowers hereof dropped into the eyes, taketh away the watering of them, as alfo taketh away that redneffe of the face,is called in Latine Gutta Rofacea , and in Englilh, the Rofe, ifk bee walhed therewith often, having a little Camphirc d.ffolvcd in it T he water is likewife tiled againft tunning or creeping fores, or any other deformity of the skin The flowers bruifed and made up into an oyntment with the yolke of an egge, a few crummes of bread, and the juyee of leckes laid upon the painefull piles when they fwell, doth eafe the paines exceedingly, and helpe to bring them into their right place. Country men doeoftengive theirCattell that are troubled with coughes, the broth ofthe hearbe to drinke with good fucceffe, as alfo to thlfe that by cafu- alty, or through loofenefle and weakenefle, voyd out their guts behind them. The leaves alfo a little bruifed and hud or bound to a Horfe foate that is gnevoufly prickt with (hooing, doth wonderfully heale it in a fliort fpace fr t {ln - 1^^a report m hi. time, that it dryed figges were lapped in the leaves of female Mullein, which IS that with large and white flowers, the y will not putr.fie at all. The golden flowers ofthe blacke Mullein boyled in lye, dyeth the l.aires of the nead yellow, and maketh them faire and fmooth. The leaves boyled in wine andaltt e honey put to it, is fitto wafh andclenle foule ulcers, and boyled in vineger, doth helpe greene wounds Taken alfo with Rue it isa remedy againft the flinging of Scorpions. 3 r 8 • Chap. XXII. Blattaria, Moth Mullein. Lattaria is certainely a kind ofblack Mullein, and therefore to follow next, whereof there are fundr* varieties as (hallbeflaewed. 1 y — i - - . I- ’Blattaria lutea odorata. Sweet yellow Moth Mullein. T his fvveet Moth Muliein hath fundrygrayiih greene leaves lying on the ground, fomewhat long and broad and little or nothing fmpt about the edges, but pointed at the ends: the (tallies are two or three foote high with fome (mailer leaves on them, branching forth fronuhe middle upwards into many long branches, (tored withma- ny fmaH^ pale yellow flowers, ofa fmall fweete (cent, yet ftronger than in the others, and feldomc giveth feed, but abideth m the rooce, which few or none ofthe other doe. yystiueeu, out G * a, Blot* ‘Tbeatrum Botanicum, 1 KIBE 64. Chap. i?. 1. Blattaria luted odor at a. Sweet yellow Moth Mullein. F'ar* -ji- 5. Blattaria (lore luteo. Yellow Moth Mullein. 5. Flore a.io and White. 2. 2 ?lattaria latea majorfive Hijpanica. The greater yellow Moth Mullein. This SpanilTi kinde hath longer and greener leaves than the fbrmer.rounder alfo at the ends than the next that follc*veth: the ftalke is (Ironger and higher than it alfo, whereon beiides the leaves grow toward the toppe many gold yellow flow¬ ers, confiding of five leaves apiece, as all the reft doe, notfo rhicke fet as the former, but a good deale larger, with fomc purphfh threads in the middle, formed fomewhat like untoa flye, after which come in their place round heads, two or three, or more fometimes together, but mod ulually one wherein lye imall dusky feed : the roote is not preat, or full of fibres, but pei illicch every yeare, after it hath given ieed except that it abide fomeriine in a milde winter. 3. Blattaria lutea minor five vulgaris. The ordinary yellow Moth Mullein. This yellow Moth Mullein (that is modfrcqnent in our gardensJ hath fuch like long leaves as the lad, but narrower and roundly dented about the edges: the dalke is ulually An¬ gle, and without branches, whereon dand fuch like o 0 l d V el low flowers, but lefler, with the like purple threads in the middle : the y supirms w. y referred it thereunto. The ieventh is called Suchas r a < n - t0 hv°moft ry Aut n hor s y by Libel Chryfocome , and Coma aunt five Amaramhus luteus by Fuchfiut a ^To her .Tnd tateS thofe'o iMompe,J t0 bethe right Chryfocome of?*%*>. -cepttng an* final! ana otners, anu u». y Cafaloinus* and Bauhinus entittle it Ehchrjfttm, whereas Dtofcortdes w°rd wherein there m g chryfocome in having Southernewood like leaves, (and therefore I referre #lofle and of Pipins, it helpeth the fadnefie ofthe heart, and melancholy ' it caleth the paines ofthe finewes, arteries mufclcs and joynts .taken in what manner you will: the fumes thereof taken into the noftrils, openeth them w hen thev areefofed i Taken in a Syrupe or any other forme, it helpeth the quartane ague, and all other day agues, efpecially m thofe that are flegmatick. It is efpecially hurtfull to thofe that are hot, dry, and cholerick, becaufe it trouble* the ftomack, and provoketh both thirft and fainting : but becaule it worketh flowly, feme Sal oemma is added unto to quicken it, or elfe lometimes the Myrobalani Inii, or Chcbuli, to make it the more forcible, and fometime Sqmlles are added, efpecmlly in the griefes of che head; tt is made the (Ironger, ifit be deeped or boyied in whey: it is the lefic hurtfull if it be boyied with wine, the juyee of Pipins, and a few Raifons ofthe Sunne. Caffidonv and a httle Spike or Lavender, fieeped in old oyle, is of much good ufe, and of great effort for all the cold caufes afore- faid. The heads of Caffidony are of more force than the leaues; Pliny faith it provoketh womens monethly cour- lesandurine: It is of efpeciall good ufe for the cold griefes of the mother, and for women with child. The other ycUovy.r^r/M.iorCaffidony.ismuch about the fame temperature and vermes, ferving very well for moftof the affedfc before fpccified, as you (hall hcare : It is fomewhat bitter and binding, and therefore itwarmeth drveth o- peneth and cleanfeth where caufe require*. The toppes or flowers fleeped or boyied in wine, openeth all obftm- ftions of the liver and gall, and therefore helpeth the jaundife and dropfie; and is very profitably taken of thofe that have the falling ficknefle, and for all other the difeafes ofthe braine, proceeding of 3 cold caufe, as catarrhs rheumes and diftillations, and alfo all old griefes of the head, that are continuall; and the Palfie alfo, whether vec’ take the decoction ofthe hearbe, or the powder thereof in Oxymel or Rhodomell; it likewife killeth the wormes of the belly. It being boyied in lye is very profitable for all thofe difeafes ofthe head, to wafh it there- with, and behdes cleanfeth the head offeurffe, dandrafte, and fuch other things as offend it, and kiljech lice therein I he decoftion of the hearbe openeth and cleanfeth the reynes, and uritory parrs, caufing abundance of urine efoe‘ cial y in them whofe urine was (lopped before. The flowers are very profitably ufed in all thole bathinss that are applyed to the obftruftions.and cold griefes of the mother. ‘Pena faith he hath by good experience found it effe- fluall m the difeafes ofthe liver, which proceed from the bad concodion therein,' by reafon of clammy humours and thick vapours, that pallethorow the tumcles thereof; it is not without danger given to thofe whofe Junes are enfiamed: but is efpecially good for all thin/owre, and fait flegme oppreffing them. Clufint faith that they of spam ufed the decoftion of the Spaniflr fort againft the wind collick with good effect. ' J Chap. XXIIIT. Lavendnh, Lavender, I^jHerc are two forts of Lavender or Spike, or Lavender Spike,that is a leffer and a greater, ofeach whetc- [ of there are fome diverfities, as (hall be (hewed. ”, . 1. LavendttU majorJive vulgaris. Garden Lavender. Onr ordinary Lavender nfcth up with a hard wooddyftemme above the ground", parted into many fmall bran- nakedfauareftalkp^ C ^ on S and nar . row leaves by couples, one againft another, from among which rife up ^dto C “ 3 d W b lth r° ea r S ata f°y nt ; and a f the toppes divers fmall huskes Handing round about them, 0 med in long round k ads or Tpikes With purple gaping flowers fpringing out of each of them : the roote k wooddy. Tr IB E. 1. The Theater of Plants. c HAP. 24-. 7| Wooddy, and fpreadeth in the ground: the whole plant is of a Wrong f'weet fcent, but the heads of flowers much more.and more piercing the fences, which are much ufed to bee put into linnen andapparell, There is alio a kinde hereof chat beareth white flowers, and fomewhat broader leaves but it is very rare, and kept but with a few with us, being more tender, and not fo able to endure our cold Winters. :. Lmetdula minor five Spica, Small Lavender or Spike. The Spike or fmall Lavender is very like unto the former, but groweth not fo high, neither is the head orfpike fo long, but fhorter and (mailer, and the flowers of a deeper purplifh blue co¬ lour : the leaves alfo are a little harder, whiter, and fliorter than the former : the icent alfo is fomewhat (harper and ftronger.This is nothing fo frequent with us as the firft, and is nurfed up but with few,that take delight in rare hearbesand plants, and kept in a warmer place. $,Lcivcndnlaminorflare alto. Small white Lavender or Spike with a white flower. This final! Lavender is in all things like unto the other fmall La¬ vender, but that the whole plant is fmaller, and the flowers are white, which maketh it to differ from the other. 4 . Lctvendulctfolio mnltifido. lagged Lavender. This fmall Lavender rileth up with fquare rough and hoary branches, to the height of a foote and a halfe, bearing thereon many hoary whitifh leaves, very much jagged or torne on the ed^es, into many parts unto the middle ribae, and each part cut or jagged, ofa fharpe fade, and a pleafant fcent.yet much weaker than in the other (mail Lavender: from among which rifefoure- fquare hoary (hikes, without any leaves on them unto the toppes, where they beare fmall (pikes of purple flowers, like unco the fmall Lavender or Spike, but that the flowers feeme to (land fquare, or in foure parts or corners: the roote is hard and wood¬ dy like unto the other. 7'he Place, The three firft forts are found naturally in many places of Spaine and Nurbane in France, where the other groweth, although both ~ forts with white flowers, are much more rare, and feldome, and nurfed up as I faid with us in their Gardens that are curious. The laft was found by Clujius both about CMalaca in Spaine and Mur - extin the Realrne of Granada: it groweth alfo fometimes in the gardens of thole that are curious of all rare hearbs and plants, The Time . Thefe all flower about the end oflune, and beeinning of ruly and although Clufuts faith hee found the laft about AUlaca in flower in February, and in March about CMurcia, yet it doth not flower in thefe colder Countries untill Iune at the looneft, or Iuly. J The Names, Lavender is called in Latine Lavandula, and LttvenittU, and of fome Layanda, quia lavacris expetitur, becaufe it was much ufed in warnings. The ordinary great Lavender is called by Matthio. Narauf Italic a, and Tfeudonardus. Tragus calleth it Spica Nardus Germanic a. but mod other Authors Lavcndiila major mas’ as they doe the fmaller, minor & ftmina. Talechampius npon p 7 Would make it to bee Coffin alba, as hee would alfo have Roimary to be Caff a nigra, and of fome to be the Iphium ofTheo- Tg’ajtnu It is thought of many, to be the Cneorum that Pliny faith Migrans called C*fia . which was frequently planted in the oar- dens ot Italy for their Bees to feed on, and was alfo ufed in Gar¬ lands,whereof Virgil in his Georgickj and Bucolicks maketh men¬ tion, Before Higinus or Phnies time, in thefe verfes. Lavendula. ntitjoy fine itu*gp.ris. Garden Lat'endei). F tore albo 6 % Lavendu’af olio mnltifido. lagged Lavender; Turn Cafa^atcjue alijs intexens fttavibus her bis Mollia luteola pin git vaccinia caltha, and againe Tix humiles apibus cetfias , roremejue miniftrat. and lYec circum cajia virides , & olentia late Serpjjlla , er gray iter fpirantis copia thymbrx < Floreat , irriguumque bibat violariafontcm , 74. Chap. xy. Theatrum 'Botamcum. t K I B E [ i Tis of oplnlsnthat Lavender (houtd be the Ctmrum atbumof Theofhraflu,, and that Rofmary fhou Id be hi ?Cncorum niorum, which Matthioltts confuteth lufficiently, from the defcription otthe parts, which can bee no wayes like them ; vit.. that both forts of Cncorum have flexible brandies,fit to binde other things wirhall, which neither Lavender no’r Rofmary can doe ; that the one fort of(>«™>whath a good fccnt, and the other without fcent although Anguillara would pervert the word, to make the blacke have a good lcent, as well as the white, which cannot (land with the fcope ofthe text; and that both of the Cneer* doe flower after the Autumne quarter, which Lavender doth not; and Rofmary .although it doe fo.yec it flowrethfirft in the Spring; andlalily, that the rootes of Aiwrsw defcend dccpe into the ground, whereas neither Lavender nor Rofmary doe fo. The lagged La¬ vender is called by Clufms, as it is in the title, and others fince his time, doe fo entitle it likewife, yet, as 1 laid be¬ fore the figure of S ttchas malt,fida in Gerard, both old and new,is the true figure of this LavenduU folio difcSo , as •Bnuhinn calleth it, and therefore 1 mevvaile that Mailer Jobnfon did not lee, or would let paife Inch an error, that had correbted farre lefler. jibe yertues . Lavender is ofcfpeciall good ufe for all the griefes and paines ofthe head and braine, that proceed from a cold caufe- as the Apoplexie, tailing fickneffe, the drowfie or (luggilh malady, crampes. convuifions andpalfies, as alfo thofe that are given to taint often. It (Irengthneth the (tomack, and freech the liver and fpleene from obftrucfions, provoketh womens courfcs, and expclleth the dead child, and the fecondine or after-birth. The flowers of f aven- der deeped in wine, helpeth them to make water that are (lopped ; as alfo that are troubled with the windc or col- lick if the olaces be bached therewith. A decoflion made with the flowers of Lavender, Horehound, Fennell, and Albaramis rootes, and a little Cinamon, is very profitably ufed, to helpe the falling fickneife, and the giddineffc or tur'ning’of the braine. It is good to garble the mouth with the decoftion of the flowers, aiainftthe paines ofthe teeth "two fpoonefiils of the diftilled water of the flowers taken, doth helpe thofethac have loll theirfpeech oc voyce, reflocing it them againe. It helpeth alfo the tremblings and paflions of the heart, and the fwonnings and faintings thereof likewife, not onely drunke, but even applied to the temples, or to the noftrils to be fmelt unto, as alfo tyed to the arteries: but where the body is repleate with blood and humours, it is not fafe to ufe it, becaufe of the hot and fabtill fpirits wherewith it is poffeffed. The letter Lavender is much commended in all the d ifeafes of the mother, as the (Iranglingor fuffbeation, the diflocation or dilplacing, &c. for women to be bathed therewith, as alfo to helpe forward their travaile ; Theoyle chimically drawnc from Lavender, which is ulually called oyle ofspike is of fo fierce and piercing fpirits, that it is to bee ufed with great refpefl, and but fome few drops uled with other things, either for inward or outward griefes. Chap. XXV. Rofmarinum, Rofmary. " Here was formerly but-one fort of Rofmary knowne, but wc have now more divcrfity,than hath bcene extant before, which (hall be declared in this Chapter. , Libanol’i coronaria five Rnfmarlnum vulgare. Ordinary Kofmary. , _ „ . . . _ I. Libanotis coronaria five Rofmarwum vulgare . Ordinary Rofemary. Our ordinary garden Rofmary is To well knowne Ithinkc,to all manner of perfons being continually in their hands, that I fliall fcarfe need to deferibeit, yet not to pafie it over fo flighcly. 1 1 is well obferved in our owne Land in divers places (as Noble¬ mens gardens,&c.) where it hath flood long, as well as in the na- turall places, that it groweth in time to a great height, with a great and wooddy Aemme, of a clofe firme fubftance, and whitifli v (fit to make Inftruments of, &c. being cut into long thin boords for the purpofe ) branching forth into fundry armes, and f ona them againe into many other fmaller branches, at the joynts whercof,are fet at feveralldiftances,many long and very narrow leaves, greene above, and grayifh underneath, and with them 1 all along the ftalkes towards the toppes, divers fmall gaping flow¬ ers, of a pale bleake bluifh colour, Handing in whitifli luisV.es : the feed is fmall and reddifh, but feldome doth any that is fowne in our Country endure the firft Winter without extraordinary care, and therefore is ufually encreafed by flipping: the whole plant doth fmell exceeding fweet. 2 . Rofmarinum ftiatum five attreum . Gilded Rofmary. This Rofmary differcth not from the former in any thing but in the leaves, which are edged or ftriped, or pointed with a faire gold yellow colour, which fo continueth all the yeare through¬ out, yet frefher in Summer than in Winter. 3 . Rofmarinum lat {folium. Broad leafed Rofemary. This alfo groweth like the former, but wee have not fecne it growne fo great in out Country, nor with fuch wooddy branches, and is more tender to keepe : the leaves are larger, and of a more deepe fhining greene colour on the upperfidc, and little or no¬ thing whitifli underneath, more thinly alio or fparfedly fet on the flalkcs; the flowers likewife differ not from the precedent. 4 . Rof- Tribe, i. The Lheater of Tlants. Chap. 23. 7* 4. Rafm.trixum floraduplici, Double flowredRofemary. The double flowred Rofemary thus farre differcth from the former, that it hath ftronger ftalkes while it is youns then the laid, or not fo ealie to breake, fairer alfo, and larger leaves than the firfl, and the flowers double like as till Larkes heele or fpurre : and all this narration is but by information, not fight. •). Rofmarirntm/tlvcflre Matthioll Al4tt\)iolus h s wild Bohemian Kofmary, S- Ldutn SJtfiatiim c’ufii. f . Rofmarinumfylvcjlre Robemtcum MattkioliJive Ledum Silejiacum Ciusij. Wild fweet Sildia Rofmary. This wild fweet Rofemary of Silefui rifeth with wooddy alii coloured branches, two foote high or more, which ftioote forth other branches of a purplifti colour covered with a brownifh yellow hoarinefie, on which are fet many narrow* long greene leaves, like unto thofe ofRofemary , but covered with the like hoarinfefl'e as the ftalkes are, elpecially in the naturall place, but not fo much, being tranfplanted and folding their tides fo clofe together, that they feeme nothing but ribbes or ftalkes, of an excellent pleafant and fweet feent: at the endb of the branches grow certaine brownifh fcaly leaves, out of which lpreadeth a tuft of many flowers, conftfting of five white leaves apiece, with ten white chives or threads in the middle, and in fome plants with fixe leaves and r 2. threads or chieves, after which follow long and fivefquarc heads, lpotted with filver like white fpots while they are greene, but grow brownifh when they are ripe , andturne downe their toppes, opening their huskesatthe llalkes, left; the feed which is as fmall as dull;, fhould fuddenly fall out: the roote is wooddy with ihort fprayes, ( 5 . Rofmarinumfylvefire Vnfavory wild Rofmary. Becaufe this plant doth fo nearely relemble Rofmary, I have thought it meetetojoyne it with the reft, al- though it be-not fweet like them : It groweth above a foote high, having divers reddilh branches which divide them felves into other fmaller, of a whitifh colour, fet confufedly with long and narrow leaves, greene on the upperfide, and hoary underneath, like thofe of the dwarfe willow, of no pleafant lcent at all, but of an aftringent tafte: at the toppes of the branches ftand divers heads, compofed of many fhort feales, out of which thruft forth lundry flowers, (landing on long foote ftalkes made of five leaves a peece , of a fine delayed reddifti, orfleft- colour, after which rife fhort five fquarc heads with blunt points, containing fmall pale coloured feed. 7. Rofm, called it Si/epacum^ neither of which 1 dare doe , not 9 thinking them (although fweet) to belong thereunto, elfe I had not placed them hereout with the other forts of Ledum . I thinke it meet to fpeake hereof among the fweet hearbs, whofe defeription is thus.It hath fundry (lender hard (hikes, 2. foot long or thereabouts, lying for the mod part on the ground, covered with an afh coloured barke, at the ends whereof arc fet without order many hard leaves,like unto thofe of the Italian dwarfe Bay of a fhining greene colour on the upperfide, and paler underneath, fometimes pointed, and fometimes round at the ends, and fomc- what hairy about the edges as the young (hot ones are likewife, ofan aftringent tafte ; at the ends of the branches breake forth a tuft of hollow (lowers like Bells hanging downe their heads, and di¬ vided at the brimmes into five parts, of a deepe red colour on the cutfide, lprinckled with many (ilver-like fpots, as the ftalkesof chem are alfo, but of a paler red colour on the imfide with divers threads in the middle, and of a pretty fweet feent, after which come five parted heads, containing within them very (mall brow- nifh feed like duft, which being rubbed while they are greene, are of fo ftrong a feent that they offend the fences: but Lobel faith his bcarcth red berries like Afparagus,which plupus faith his doth^ not:the root is long,hard,and wooddy.thebranches doe often take roote as they lye on the ground, and abide greene all the Winter. There is another of this kind,as C/ufius faith heobfcrved,thathad fewer, but greater leaves, harder and longer pointed, not hairy on the edges, and of a yellowifh darke rufty colour underneath, and the like Rowers,not elfe differing:Vpon thefe branches & the leaves fometimes are found certaine (mail excreffences or knots, like Peafe, or fometimes as bigge as Hafell Nuts, rugged or un¬ even on the outfide , of a reddifh or fometimes paler colour and fpongie, white within, aftringent in taftc, which fuppliethtne office of galls. Tbe PI,ice and Time. Both thefe forts are found on the toppes and on the declining of fundry Hills in Germany and Aujlria, among the ftones as C lupus faith, and on the Hills neare Trent and Veroiid^ as Lob el faith. They flower in June and Iuly, their feed is ripe in the end of Auguft. The Names, Thefe plants being lately found and made knownc to us, have received fundry names, as every one in his opini- H 3 ©is 78 Chap. 27. ‘Tbeatrwn Botanicum. I R 1 B E. I. on thought fitteftj Fliffes ALtrovtndus calleth it Nerium Alpinum , (jefner and Camcrarius in horto, Baljamum Al- pinum, and fo doth Lobel alfo,who alfo calleth it Chamtrhododendros Alpinaodora, as hce doth the othei fort hereof Ghamala*. folio-fve le tit ifei folia minus odor a : Clnfus Ledum Alpinism : (sfalpinus Rhododendron Alptna ejmbufdam. G^/Wr himfelfe calleth it in his Booke de lunarijs Nereum Alpinism, in bortis Germania, and in fDefcriptione months fratt-fRofa Alpina from the vulgar, who call it Alprofen and Bergrofen , he maVcth it alfo in the Chapter of Chan*- ritsm, to be hie third fort. Lugdunenfs would referre it 10 the Evonimus of TheophraJH , but Clnfus (heweth the error of that opinion : but it is very likely that Lobel his, diflfereth from this of Clnfus, as I {hall (hew you in the Chapter of Boxe. 7he Vertues. Clnfus faith he could not underftand,of any other ufe that this plant might be put unto, then that the Diers there 3 ufed the fmall galles that grow on it,to dye a black colour like unto other galles. Chap. XXVII. Coftus hortorum major. Coaftmary. And Cofushortorum minor feu Ageratum, Maudelinc. Muftjoyne both thefe fweet hcarbes together, both for the likenefle of their flower, and necreneflfe of their names: of the former there is but one fort, but of the other there are divers,whereof 1 doe intend to (hew you the knowledge in this place. i CoUtu hortorum major, C oftraury or Alecoaft. 1. Cofins hortorum major . Goftmary or Alecoaft. Coftmary or Alecoaft hath many broad and long pale green leaves, dented or nipped about the edges, every one upon a long foot-ftalke, among which rile up many round greene ftalkes, with fuch like leaves thereon, but lefler up to the toppe, where it fpreadeth into three or foure branches, eve¬ ry one' bearing an umbell or tuft of gold yellow flowers, lomewhatlikeunto Tanfie flowers, ibut leffer, which after¬ wards are the heads containing fmall flat long feed : the roote is fomewhat hard and flringie, which being divided with the heads of leaves , may bee replanted in the Spring for in- crcale. 2. Ageratum vulgare five Cofius hortorum minor. Common Maudcline. Common Maudcline hath fomewhat long and narrow leaves lnipt about the edges, the ftalkes are two footc high, bearing at the toppes many yellow flowers let round toge¬ ther, and all of an equall height, in umbels or tufts like unto Tanfie, after which followeth fmall whitifh feed, almoft as great as Wormfced : the whole hearbe is fweet and bitter, being as well gained by flipping as lowing. 3. Aqeratum flore albo. White Maudcline. This Maudcline hath wooddy ftalkes, and many fmall leaves thereon like the other, but lomewhat fmallcr and lefle dented or notched in on the edges, at the toppes ofthe ftalkes grow many flowers, as it were in a tuft together, like unto the common Maudeline, but wholly white, except a little Ihew of yellow in the middle; the feent of the whole plant is not foftrong as the other ; the roote is (mall and ftringic like the other alfo. 4. Ageratum minus. Small Maudeline. This other fmall Maudeline hath divers hoary ftalkes, not rifing much above a footehigh, befet as thick with leaves as the firmer or fuller, upon all Tides ofthe ftalkes, which are fnialler, longer, narrower, and whiter than the other, and not dented at all about the edges, fomewhat like unto the leaves of yellow or golden Caflidony, here before de¬ ferred: at the toppes ofthe ftalkes Hand many yellow flowers, thicke thruft together, in an umbell or tuft, very well refembling the firft or common garden Maudcline. of a reafonable good and quicke feent, which turnemto downe, and is carryed away with the winde, the roote is fmall and white with many fibres annexed unto it- Ageratum purpumtm. Purple fweete Maudeline. This rare and dainty plant hath many fmall leaves lying upon the ground, round about the toppe of the roote, fomewhat like unto the leaves ofthe firft Maudeline,he: e let forth, nicked on the edges towards the points of them, and not backwards, fomewhat bitter in tafle, yet not fo much as the common, from among the leaves arife many fmall ftalkes befet with filch like leaves as grow below, but fomewhat fmaller unto the very toppes, where ma¬ ny flowers (land one above another,every one upon a fhort foot-ftalke, confifting of five fmall greene leaves, of an excellent violet-like purple colour , comming forth of fmall greene huskes , of fo excellent a dainty fweet feent that it pafleth the Violet in feent, and to be compared wilh Muske : after the flowers are paft, there arife fmalUong feed veflels, bearing fmall feed therein : the roote is yellow* faall and lhort 3 bulbing forth many fmall fibres, whereby it takcch fall hold of the ground, ^ 'Tbeatrum Botanicum Tribe &0 Chap. 28. 6 . Ageratum Ferulaceum. Pennell leafed Madeline. Thisrarehearbeistobejoyned with the Maudelines, for chat the {lowers decay not being gathered., and kept for a long time. It hath many Fennell-like leaves lying upon the ground, round about the toote, which (hooterh forth divers crefled or cornered ftalkes, a tootc and a halfe high,- whereon doegrow at certaine diftances, on each fide one above another, inch like leaves compafling the llalke at the footc of them, as Fennell doth : at ti ; e toppc« of the fialkcs (land large umbels of flowers,tome ol the (hikes rifing lower than othcrs.yet all making a round com- pafled tuft of yellow flowers, very like unto the flowers ofGroundfell for the forme, but of a more excellent gold yellow colour, which being gathered before they grow to full maturity, will abide a long time in their perfect beauty, which hath canfcd the name, and to be joyned with them: the rootc is lomewhat long, black and wooddy, rugged alfo, and a little writhed with divers fibres growing to it. aa 7 he Place. The firft three forts have fceene found naturall in divers rough untilled places of Tusbjnie in Italy, and 7 Turbm in France, but in gardens onely with us, 1 lie fourth groweth on dry grounds, and often out of old mud andflone walles. The fift groweth upon the rockes in clifts, where it hath but a (mall crufliof earth upon it, the tootc growing fometimes into the chinkcs, and nioilbned onely by the vapours oflome waters, palTiugneare it, orthe clew and moifture from the rockes. Thelaft groweth in dry and hungry grounds, and among the Pine tree- woods. The Time. They doe all flower in Iune and luly in mod; places where they are planted and profper. The Names. Coaftmary or Alecoaft in Er,gli(h,is called in Latine by fome Ctflus hortorstm major ,and by others Balfamita major, Mentha Green, tJALcntha Romana, tJWentha Corymhifera major, OUentha Saracenica, Over,a by Gefner ir.hortss, Herb a CMarit by Csfalptnus, and Leffsslata by others as the Italians doe, the Gcrmanes Trmmtn me , the French Coy & Baumegss the Dutch doe Ballbmc. hut Ageratum is called A’y„ t a%~ in Grecke, yuaj non fenejeens, or fenellutem non /rnfirwibecaufe a(fiiOcet the flowers gartered in a fit time) waxe not old.or decay by age : cAIatthtolus, Gefner, Lacuna, Cajlor Durantes, Lugduncnfts, (famerarius, and Tabetment ana, doe call it Ageratum, ’Dottotuut Balfamita fimina C~ minor ,and fafiiu hortenjis minor by Gefnctp, Mentha, corymbifera minor by Cordtss, by Cafalpinui Camphorata, He>ha lullaby Auguillara, Heftier inhortis CjerrmnU ; svAT.upatm-.umMefrm by Tragus Gefner in hortts, cJAIatthsc/us and Lomcerus in briefe moll: of the bed later Writers, judge it to be the true Age¬ ratum of "Piofcorldes ,though fome would difproveit : and likewife the true Ettpatorium of Mejias, although Dodonstts denyeth both the one and the other : For the Supatorsum of Mefnes and Avicerin* {lijrliie) differ not, and thatof Avicen and ‘Tfityccridcs, are both ofthem but one plant, even the ordinary Agrimony, hut Matthiolus hath anfwered both thefe controverfies in my judgement fo fotficiently, in his anfwere to Andreas Marinas, as no¬ thin" can be better; And iaconclufion faith, they are no Practitioners in Phyficke, that fliall deny the Sanatorium o fJtoefnes, to be tlic Ageratum oiniofcoridcs. The iecond Ageratum with white flowers,is the fccond Ageratum with Matthiolus and Lugiunasfis , andcalled Ageratum floribus cantUdisby Label,Tabermontanus and Camer.trius-. the third is the third Aoeratum with Matthi-lus and Lugattncnfis, and called Ageratum minus by label Camerarius, and Tabermontanus, and bgt Basthinst, Agcmtumfolijs mnferratis: the fourth is the Ageratum purpureum of Lugdu- ncnfis, which as he laitb fome t ermanes called Mofchatella cerulea, yet is not the tMofchatella of Cordns , bau- hmus calleth it Aoeratum [erratum Alpinum : the lafl is called by Lugdunenfts .Ageratum ferulaceum, but B asthmas referrethit to the AchilUamontann Arthemifie tcnuifohe facie of Label, to the AcbiJLa montana of the fame Lugdu- nenfts and Tabermontanus, and to the Chryfanthernum Alpinum feemidum oiClufsus (but in my opinion it is not that Chryfnnth.mum oi Cfujius, for we have had it growing in our gardens from the (t ed, lent us by the name of Chry- famhemum tcuufuum) and therefore hee himfelfe calleth it Chryfaiithtsnum Alpinum falijs Abrotars, musts■ fidis. The Virtues, The ordinary Coflmary as well as Maudeline (as fome of the other are fureof thefame quality) provoketh urine abundantly,& mollifieth the hardnes o( the mother .Galen faith it is hot in the firfi: degree,& dry in the fecond,that it digefteth.and after a fort gently diffolveth inflamations, it gently purgeth choler and fiegme,that it extenuateth that which is grofle, cutteth and divideth that which is tough and glutinous,deanfeth that which is foulc.and hindereth ptitrefaftion or corruption, it diffolveth without attraction,openeth obftructions, and healeth their cvill affects,and is a wonderfull helpe to all forts of day agues; It is aftringentto the floinack,and flrengthneth theliver,and all the other inward parts, and taken in whey it worketh the mote effectually. Taken falling in the morning, it is very profitable for the paines in the head, that are continuall, and to flay, dry up, and conliime all thin diflillations or rheumes from the head into theftomack, and helpeth much to digeft raw humours that are gathered therein ; It is very profitably applyed to thofe that are fallen into a continuall evilldifpofitionof the whole body, called Ca¬ chexia,token efpecially in the beginning of the difeafe. In briefe it is an efpeciall friend and helpe to evill, weake, and cold livers. The (eed is familiarly given to children for the wormes, and fo is the infufion of the flowers in white wine, and given tothem to the quantity of two ounces at a time. It makethan excellent falve tocleanfe and heale old ulcers, being boyled with Oyle-olivc and Adders tongue with it, and after it is drained,-to put a’ lit- t e VVaxe, Roflen,and Turpentine, to bring it into a convenient body. Chap. XXVIII. Tanacetstm. Tanfie. Here are two forts of Garden Tanfies, whereof the one is called ordinary or common TanGe, and the sag 1 ! other curld or double Tanfie : hut there are fome others alfo tobefpoken of here in this Chapter. I. Tanacetstm vulgar e c~ crifftum. Ordinary and curia Tanfie. Our garden Tanfie hath many harSgreenc leaves, or rather wings of leaves, for (although they bee two Tribe i. The Theater of Plantes, Chap.^S, gj I. Tandctluin valors & Ordinary and ciirld Tanile. two forts, yet one defeription may ferve them both) they are many finall ones fet one againft another all along a middle ribbe or ftalke, and fnipt about the edges; in one fort the leaves hand clofer and thicker, and lomcwhat crumpled, which hath caufed it to be called double or curld Tanlie; in che other fort thinner and more fparledly fet: it rifeth up with many hard ftalkes, whereon grow at the toppes of the branches gold yel¬ low flowers like buttons, which being gathered in their prime, will hold the frefh colour a long fealon : the feed is fmall, and as it were rhaffie : the roote creepeth under ground, and fhoo- tethupagainein divers places: the whole hearbe both leaves and flowers are of a fharpe ftrong bitter fmeli and tafte, but yet pieafant and well to be endured. 2. Tmacetumverpcolor. Party colouredTanfic. The party coloured Tanlie is in roote, Ieafe and flower, alto¬ gether like the other common garden Tanlie ; the onely diffe¬ rence betweene them, confifteth in this, that upon the firft fhooting up of the heads of leaves, they are almoft all white, and after they are growne great, there will bee many leaves, remaining white , among the greene, which maketh it the more delightful!, feeming like unto a party coloured Feathery in regard of the fine cut leaves of white and greene. g. Tanacetamlanityinoftijn. Woolly Tanlie. Woolly Tanlie from a thick blackiflt fpreading roote, fen* deth focth divers winged leaves, fomewhat like unto the for¬ mer Tanlie and neare unto the leaves of Yarrow, (whereof fome would make it akinde) of a very fweet feent, and with- all very woolly, fet dole together about the roote, among which fpringup divers woolly ftalkes, having a few fuch iike leaves upontheirf, and at the toppes many tufts of yellow flowers. 4. Te.Mcetummi-Msjloref’.llio. Small white Tanfle. Small white Tanlie hath divers winged leaves lying upon the ground, round about the toppes of the roote, very much cut or divided into parts, fomewhat refembling both Tanlia and Yarrow, of a pale greene colour, being both leffe bitter in tafte, and leffe hot, or ftroiig in fmeli than Tanfle : from among which leaves rile divers low ftalkes, befec with fmaller leaves up to the toppes, where the flowers (land in tufts, the borders being of a white colour, and the middle thrum yellow, the roote is long and wooddy, fhooting divers wayes. 5. Ttn.uetum Alfimm. Mountaine Tanlie. The Mountaine Tanfle hath many winged leases lying upon the ground, compafling the toppe of the roote, very like unto the ordinary Tanfle, in the divifion of the leaves, and ofadeepe greene colour, as bitter in tafte, ,but more pleafant in feent than it: from whence rife up the ftalkes, little above a foote high, here and there fet w ith the like leaves, but fmaller ; the flowers at the toppes are like unto Camomill flowers, with a border or pale of white leaves, and a yellow thrumme in the middle : the roote is fmall and fhort,fomewhat thicke at the head,and fmaller downewards, with divers fmall fibres thereat 6 . Tanacetrtm itrodorttm. Vnfavory Tanfle. Vnfavory Tanfiehath his large winged leaves, very neare refembling Tanlie, lying upon the ground, and among them round hard greene ftalkes, with very few and (hotter leaves thereon , at the toppes whereof Hand divers flowers, upon fhort foote-ftalkes very like unto the flowers, of the great white Daify, and as large, confiding of foureteencor fixteene leaves, as a pale or border, about a yellow thrumme in the middle : the roote fpreadeth un¬ der the upper part of the earth, and gocth not farre downe: the whole is altogether without auy feent therein at all, yet the leaves are of a hot and (harpe tafte, quickly piercing the tongue. There is another of this kindeofunfavory Tanlie. whofe leaves are moreloofelyfpread, although as much divi¬ ded, and the flowers being white, ate as fmall as Feverfew. The Place. The ordinary Tanfle groweth in fome places beyond Sea by the hedges and ditches tides, and in the borders of fields, the curld Tanfle is peculiar to our owne land, and fois the fecond.and likely tobea degeneration from the ordinary fort by accident,and nurfed up in our owne Country, where thefllps doe often loofe,and fometimes keepe their kindc. The third groweth about Momfelier in France, and in other places. The fourth groweth as well in 6ermm l as in Italy, in divers places. The lift groweth on the high and fnowy Kills on the Alpes, among the Swit¬ zers. The !afl groweth in Hungary, Auftria, Germany, and about Valentia, and in the Country’ of 'Dmlfhint in The Time. They doe all flower in the Summet Monethes of Tune and Iuly. The Names. ‘Tanfle is called Tanacetum, corruptly taken, as Fuchftw thinketh, from , of ApttMus his Artbeulfia TrayameS' and Athanafa peradventure of Athamtos fine mane, or mm mariati, becaufe the yellow flowers gathered in due time a dye not of a long time after, like as divers of che-othcr hearb&s laft remembred • Tabcrwon-* tmm Chap.28. Theatrum ‘Botanicurn. R I B E. I. 3. Tanacetum laruiginofum. 4. T anacctvm minus florcalbo. Woolly Tanfie. Small white TanGc. 5 . lanacctumAlpinurx. Mountaine Tanfie. 6 . Tanacctutn inodorem. Vnfavory Tanfie, tenw calletb the ordinary Tanfie, Arthemfa ‘Diofcoridul and the double Tanfie Arthemifnt fatty a Anglica . The fe- condhathno other name then i3 in the tilie, except that fome doe cail it white Tanfie, becaufe many of the leaves will bee white. The third is called Tanacc- ttim Lanuginofum of Lugduncnfis ; Batthinm in his Ptnnx would referre it to the Stratiotcs Mille- folia flavo flore of Cl!fins, and Millefolium Inttv.m of Le- ^, confiding of many fmall white leaves, (landing round about a yellow thrumme in the middle : the root is fomewhat hard and (hort, with many drong fibres at it ■ the dent of the whole plant is very drong and (luffing, and the tade very btcer. z. Matricaria flora p/cm. Double Featherfew. This differeth very little from the former but in the flowers, which are very thicke and double,with white leaves, fo that onely a little yellow fpot is to be feene in the middle. J.j -Matricaria vulgarii (im[\zx & buUatis z. Flore plcno. flonbus aurcis. Ordinary & naked Feathertew. Double Featherfew ? 5. Adatricaria hullcitit jloribus tnureis. Naked Featherfew. This kinde differeth not from the former, bur that it hath his flowers,without any of the pale or border of white leaves about it, and therefore being naked,and without thofe leaves, I have named it naked Featherfew, as an elpcciall difference from the former. 4. Adatricaria gratiodoris. Sweet Featherfew. This other Featherfew differeth not from the firft, ei¬ ther in roote, leafe, or flower, being in all things fo like, that there can be no difference perceived betweene them, untill you fmell thereunto, and then it is foonc found to bee of a more pleafant (offer fmell, which fo abideth in the kind, and is not fo made by art, or degenerated by any cafualty, but the worke of nature onely. 5. CMatrtcaria inodor a. Vnfavory Featherfew. The Vnfavory Featherfew is a fmall low plant, rather fpreading than rifing high into many branches, whereon are many leaves (et, here and there v/ithout order, every one be¬ ing (mailer, (horter and thicker than the leaves of the com¬ mon Featherfew, but cut in on both (ides, fomewhat like un¬ to it, of no fmell at all: the flowers are white with a yellow thrumme in the middle like the other, which have a certairle heavie dull feent, but very weake, the roote is bufhy like the former. 6 . Matricaria, five parthenium tenuifolinm. Fine-leafed Featherfew. This Featherfew hath a few leaves below, rifing from the rcote,as fmall and fine as Fennell, and very like unto Sothcri> wood, but fmelling (o like Featherfew , and bitter withall, that even thereby it may eafily be knowne,to wbat ftocke or tribe it doth belong, from among which rife divers brow- nifh round and hard ftalkes, to the height of balfe a yard or more whereon grow difperfedly fuch like leaves: at rhe toppes of the ftalkes (land many (mall white flowers, in an umbell, thicke fet, or clofe together, very like unto the flow- , .. • n ers of Yarrow, that they may foone deceive him that heedfully doth not mark® them - the ro 3 i and-wooddy, with fome fmall fibres at it* 84 Chap. zp. !Theatrnm Botanicum . Tribe, i. 7 .VHairicurta five Far then in m Alpinum Clusij. 8. maritmum. Mountaine Featherfew of Clufiiu. $ ttnuifolium. 7. CMatricaria Jive Tarthenium Alpinum Clufj. Mountaine Featherfew o ffluput. Mountaine Featherfew hath many flender weakc greene branches trayling on the ground, and taking roote as they creepe thereon, very like unto Camomill, and not rifing a- bove a foote high, about which are let many leaves, almoftas fine as Camomill, but cut in after the manner of Mayweed or Featherfew, and very neare of the famefmell as Feather- few, being of a hot tafie, but not unpleafant: at thetoppesof the ftalkes (land many flowers together, very like unto the former, but that the middle thrumme is fmaller and paler, and the circling leaves not altogether fo white, but as large, and fomewhat rounder orclofer let, of the fame feent with the hearbe : the roote is compofed of many finall fibres (hoo¬ ting downe from a fmall head. 8. Tarthenium maritinum minimum, Small Sea Featherfew. I have thought fit to place this Sea plant, with the reft of the fame tribe, as 1 meare to doe with as many as will abide the culture and manuring, to profper in this garden, entending to fhew you the reft in their convenient places : The roote is fmall fpreading abroad many long fibres, from whence rife up flender weakebr nches lying upon the ground, diverfly fet without order, with many fmall whitifh greene leaves, cut in or dented on the edges, very like in forme, unto the leaves of the great white Daifie, but much lefler and more full and flefhy. or thicker, of a ftrong fierce feent, fomewhat like unto Featherfcw,or rather unto ftinking Maithes or May¬ weed rat the toppe of every branch ftand one or two flowers fomewhat like unto thofe of Featherfew or Mayweed, but fmaller, and the bordering leaves alfo fmaller, having a whi¬ tifh greene head or huske of leaves under them. The Place, The firft is found wilde in fome places of this Land,as well as in others, yet forthemoft part it is nourifhed in "ardens as well as the fecond, which as Clupus thinketh, is peculiar to us: the third grew in FJfex, and was there found by a Gentleman called Mafter William Coys. 1 he fourth grew in an Hand called llva in the Levant Seas, as Camera- rius faith, but it hath beene found wild in our ownc < ountry, as it hath beene affirmed unto mee, as well as the o- ther naked kinde. The fift groweth in Egypt y as Proffer Alpinus faith, and is onely naturall to that Country. The fixth was found in Spain?, by Myconus a learned Phyfitian Baranova, and lent to Molmaus who compofed the great Herball called Lugduxcnps , T he feventh Clupus found upon the Mountainesof Stina, which are part of the Alpes. The laft Pena faith grew plentifully neare the Fifhermcns Cottages, at the foote of Mons (f&tius in Narbone in Prance . The Time. They all flower in Iune and Inly, but the Sea plant is the Iateft. The Names, Ttis called inGreeke wfSsr/oi'. Parthenium qttap virginalis quia mu Tier urn rmrhis uterinis medetur , & inds vulgo Matricaria. ? tis called alfo febrifuga from whence 1 thinkeour Englifh name Featherfew, or Feaverfew is de¬ rived, it being good to expell fcavers or agues. It is held by molt of the later Writers to be the true Parthenium of T>iofcoridcs , yet Lobel and Pena(even as 'Brafavolus and Fttchpus before them, whom CM.it thiolus doth confute) by many reafons alleadged doe fhew, that both the face or forme of the leaves, compared by Diofcoridcs to Coriander bur lefTer, as alfo the properties given to Parthenium^ can by no meanes be found in this Matricaria : but may all moft truely and plainely be founa in Cotulafatida , or ftinking Mayweed : the difeourfe is too long here to recite, I therefore referre you to the place where you may read it a large, in the defeription of Parthenium in their Adver- faria, as alfo in Lugdunenps in the Chapter of CMatricaria. Parthenium , as Galen faith was called in his time Anthe - mis , Helxine, Linozofits and Amaracus • and "Phny affirmeth, that Helxine was called Perdicium and Parthenium , and in another place he faith,that it was called Leucanthemum and Tamnacum, and that Celfus called it Perdicium and Muralium, fo that hereby it may be feene, that Parthenium was a word applyed to many hearbes. Fuchfus would make Matricaria to be the fecond kinde of Diofcoridcs his Arthemipa , called Leptophyllos , that is tenutfolia and Parthenium to be Co t u la fatida, which as I laid before. CMatthiolus difproveth : the fecond is fo ca led by divers Authors as it is in the title, and by Tabermontanus Arthemipa tenuifolia flore plcno : the third is a fpecies not fpoken of by any Author before, as 1 take it. The fourth fort Camerarius calleth Matricaria altera exllva , ohTabermon- tanus Arthemipatenuifolia odor at a, and Bauhmus Matricaria odor at a ; and we ATatricariagrati odoris, becaufe it is of fo good a feent. the fifth Profper Alpinus faith is called in Egypt Achaovan, and he thereupon called it Parthe- vium imdorum: in Englii! V nfavory Featherfew. The fixth was judged by Myconus that lent it out of Spaine , (as is before laid) to be another Parthenium , Tur^btvrKot. and it may be that of Hippocrates, which n iany judge to bee Co- tulafatida , Bauhtnu calleth it CMatricariafolijS Abrotani. The feventh Clupus calleth Parthenium Alpinum Ca - merarius Matricaria five Parthenium Alpinum , and Bauhinus CMatricaria Alpina (hamxmeli folijs, The laft Label and Pena call Cotulapve Parthenpim ntetrinum minimum, and Lttgdnmnpt fmbjnium maritimun? ■minimum and is likewif^ Tribe. i. The Theater of Plants. Chap. 30. 8f like wife the Chamamelum maritimum o(‘Dalecbampms, fet out in the fame place of Lugdtmmfis, for they are both one,as may be gathered both by thefigure and defcription, although the flowers in Labels figure be more obfcured : in Erwlifh fmaU Sea Featherfcw. The Italians call it Matricaria, and AmareUa: the French Efpargtmtte ■ the Ger¬ mane” CMjtttcrkraat ,and UWchram . the Butch Modecntit, and we in Engliflr as I laid before, Feathcrfew, or ra¬ ther Feaverfew. T be lcrtf.es ' It is chiefly ufed for the difeafes of the mother, whether it be the ftranglmg or nfing of the mother, or the hard- nefl'e or inflammations of the fame, applyed outwardly thereunto, or a decoftion of the flowers in wine, with a lit¬ tle Nutmegoe or Mace put therein, and drunke often in a day, is an approved remedy to bring downe Womens courfes fpeedily, and to warme thole parts opprefl'ed by obftruftions or cold, as alio helpeth to expell the dead birth and the afterbirth. Fora woman to fit over the hot fumes of the decoftion of the hearbe, made in water or wine, is eftedtuall alfo for the fame purpofes, and in feme cafes to apply the boyled hearb warme to the privie parts. The dccoftion thereof made, .with feme Sugar or honey put thereto, is ufed by many with good fucceffe, as well to helpethe cough, and fluffing of the cheftby cold, as alfo to cleanfe the reints and bladder, and belpe to expell the Hone in them. The powder of the hearbe, as Dia/corides faith, taken in wine, with feme Oxymel, purgeth like to Epit'Eymtm both choler and flegme, and is available for thofe that are fhort winded, and are troubled with melan¬ choly and heavineffe, or fadnefle ofthe fpirits"! it is very eftedtuall for all paines in the head, comming of a cold caufe, as Career ari'.ts faith, the hearbe being bruifed and applied, to the crowne of the head • It is alfo profitable for thole that have the Vertigo, that is, a turning and fwimming in their head. It is alfo drunke warme (I meane the decodtion) before the accede or comming of an ague, as alfo the hearbe bruifed with a few comes of Bay-falt (and feme put beaten glade thereto, but 1 fee no reafon wherefore)and applyed to the wreftes of the hand, to take away the fits of allies. "Some doe life the diftilled water of the hearbe and flowers, to take away freckles, and other fpots and deformities in the face. And feme with good liiccelfe doe helpe the wir.de andcollicke, in the lower part of the belly, (and feme lay it is good alfo for the winde in the ftomack) by bruifing the hearbe, and heating it on a tyle, with feme wine to moiften it, orfryedwitha little wine and oyle in a Frying-panne, and applyed warme out¬ wardly to the places, and renewed as there is need. It is anefpeciall remedy againft Opium, that is, taken too libe¬ rally. Iris an hearbe among others, as Camerarim faith, much ufed in Italy, fryed with egges, as wee doe Tanfies, and eaten with great delight; the bitternefle, which elfe would make it unpleafant, being taken away by the man¬ ner of drefling. Chap. XXX. Cbam/tmelum. Camomill. Have divers forts of Camomill to Ihew you in this Chapter, feme common and well knowne to molt, others more rare, and heard of but by a few,and unto them I thinke it not amide to joyne the Mayweeds, becaufe they are as well the like (linking, as lefie or not fweet. I. Qhamt,mtlumvv.lgare. Ordinary Camomill, Our ordinary Camomill is well knowne to all to have ma¬ ny fmaU trayling branches, fet with very fine leaves, bulbing and fpreading thick over the ground, taking roote (till as it fpreadeth : the toppes of the branches have white flowers with yellow thrummes in the middle, very like unto Feather- few, but larger, and not fe hard, but more foft and gentle in handling, which give a fmall white feed, not obferved by ma¬ ny, and being calf in the ground, wi 1 bring forth plants aso- ther feed doth : the whole hearb is of a very fweet feent. 2, Char»s.melumnudttm, Naked Camomill. Wehave another fort offine fmall Camomill in our gar¬ dens, although very rare, like unto the former, but with whi¬ ter, finer, and fhorter ieaves fet on the fialkes, that rife fome- what higher, and beare naked fmall flowers, that is confifting onely ofthe yellow thrummy heads, without any pale or bor¬ der of white leaves, fmelling almoll as fweet as the former. 3. Cbamamelttm flare plena, Doubleflowred Camomill. The double Camomill groweth very like the fingle, but a little higher, and more upright, having frefher greene leaves, the flowers being compofed of many rowes of white leaves, making them doublets we call them,& with a yellowifh fpot in the middle of each flower for the mod part, which is of a fweeter feent than the fingle, but fpreadeth on the ground in the fame manner, and is more tender to bee kept in Winter: this alfo hath feed in the middle ofthe flowers, which being broken and cad into the ground, will produce double Camo¬ mill, even as double Featherfcw will doe the like. 4. CbamtmelKmpumilHm Afiicum. Small Camomill of ^Africa. This fmall Camomill groweth lower than the former na¬ ked Camomill, with as fine (mail leaves,but longer : the Mowers being yellow thrummy heads like it, but bigger, and without any pale or border of white leaves, fmelling as fweet as the bed Camomill. I x. Chanaamlam vu’zarc. Ordinary Camomill, & f.orcpcno. Double Camomill. 86 Chap. 30. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe )( 1. Cbamxmduw tiudutn- N'ktdCamomill* 4, chawsmelum ptimiliuo AfricuVJ. Small Camomillof Africa. 5 . Cham*metnm Hifpauicum amplo jlore . Great Spanifh Camomill. This {^reat Camomill groweth in the fame manner as the ordinary Camomill doth, with greene driped ftalkes, oPa cubite high, bi anching forth into many parts, whereon doe grow fuch like leaves, and as finely cut in or divi¬ ded, the endswhereof are blunter, and divided into two parts, and not very thicke let on the branches; at the tops whereof hand the flowers,each being foure times larger than the flower of the ordinary fort: confiding of about twenty waved or endented leaves,of’a very pale yellow colour almoffwhite, for a pale or border, about a paleyel- low thrum in the middle : after the flower is pad the feed ripeneth in thefe heads, which is fmall and yellowifh like the ordinary fort: the roote confideth but of a few fibres, which dye every yeare, the plant being but annual!, and mud be new i’owne in the Spring ; it is of a good feent, fomewhat refembling the garden Camomill. 6 . Cham^melum Htjpamctim luteum odoratum , Sweet yellow Spanifh Camomill. This yellow Camomill is like unto the garden Camomill in all things, faving the flowers which are wholly yel¬ low, both the bordering leaves, which are of a {Lining yellow colour, about fourcteene in number, and the middle thrum, but the whole flower is at lead twice as bigge as the flower of the ordinary fort, and almofl as fweet, but lefler almod by thehalfe than the former. 7. Charn&mefom Hijpanicum incantimyftrvum. Small hoary Spanilh Camomill. This fmall Camomill groweth not to be above an hand breadth high, having fome few hoary whitifb greene finely cut leaves, lying upon the ground, being as fmall and fine as thofe of Southernwood, or fine Wormewood, from among which rifeth up a bare or naked (hike, without any leaves thereon, and one fomew'hat large flower, flanding at the toppe, having many white leaves, danding about a pale yellow middle thrum; the whole plant and every part thereof, is as well without feent as without tade. S. Cbamcanehim Alpinum inodorum. Vnfavory Mountaine Comomill. Vnfavory Mountaine Camomill hath many hoary dalkes rifling from the roote, without leaves for a certaine di¬ dance, and then having many fet together, fmall toward the bottome, feemingto bee but as dalkes to the leaves, which are fomewhat narrow, and deepely cut in on both Aides, as it were into deepe notches, being more thicke and full ofjuyce, then other forts are by much, among which rife up divers other weake dalkes, without any cut leaves on them, and one fomewhat large flower at the toppe of each, like unto a Camomill flower, but larger, the border of leaves being white, and the thrum yellow in the midde : the branches fpread farre, and take roote in di¬ vers places: the roote is compofed of a few whitifh drings, the plant hath little or no fmell to commend it, and is a little bitter in tode. p. CotuUfoiday & nonf&tida. Mayweed with a drong,and no feent. Mayweed is fo like unto Camomill, that I mud needs joyne them together: but that which dinketh groweth more upright than either that which fmelleth not, or the common Camomill, and neither of them crcepe or runne on the ground, with the branches taking roote as Camomill doth; the leaves thereon are longer and greater than Camo- Tr IBE. L The Theater of Plants. Chap. 30 . 87 8: Cbamxmlum Alpinum inodontm. VnfavoryMeuncaine Gamomill, 9. Coiulafxtida & non ftfida. tyayweed with a ftrong and no fccnt. Camomill, yet very like,but of a paler grcene colour, the one fort fmelling ftrong and unpleafant, the other having no (cent at all: the flowers of them both are very like unto Camomill, but larger both the white border and the middle yellow thrum, whereby and by the fcent thereof they are onely to be difcerned from Camomill for many doe gather the flowers ofthat which fmelleth notjinftead of Camomill flowers, either of ignorance or wilfulnes, and fo fell them promifcuoufly to the Apothecaries, that know not this note of diftinftion. Of this kinde there hath beene found oftentimes, and in divers places of this Land, a fort with double flowers almoft as large as double Camomill flowers. The Place, * ’ Small Camomill groweth familiarly wilde in many places (on greenes as they are cabled) of this Land, and with the Mayweed oftentimes that flinketh not, which groweth alfo among come, as the (linking fort doth * the naked and double fort grow onely in gardens : the fourth was found by Cjuitlame Boel in Africa by Turns : the fifth, fix th, and feventh in divers places in Spaine: the eighth in fundry places of the Alpes: tire raft plentifully in our ©wnc Land. The Time. They all flower in the Summer, yet fome earlier 'than others. The Names, Camomill is called in Greeke Anthemis of ‘Diofcoridcs , and AVhwoyof Theophraftus, and this for a di- ftinflion Asi ntdrisjus of the whiteneffe of the flowers: and :. % ua.iy.i\c,v quod mail odorem habeat y of the fcent of an Ap¬ ple or Qujnee. It is called by fome in Latine Lcucanthemum, and Anthemis, but moft generally Chamngi oft Babunegi . t h c Italians call it Camamilla: the Spaniards CMannanilU : the French Chamomille : the Germanes Chatnilkn } and the Mayweed Krottendill ; the Dutch Camille : and we in Englifh Camomill. The Vertues, A deco'ftion made of Camomill, and drunke, taketh away all paincs and flitches in the fides. The flowers onely of Camomill beaten, and made up into balls with oyle, driveth away all forts of agues, if the party grieved bee an- noynted with that oyle taken from the flowers, from the crowne of the head, to the foies of the feete, and after laid to fweat in their bed, with fuffleient coverings upon them, and that they fweat well: this is Niche for an Egyptians medicine; which Galen feemeth to confirme, for he faith that the Sophi of the Egyptians confecrated this hearbe to the Sunne, as a remedy for all forts ofagues ; but therein faith Galen they were deceived, for it hea- I 3 ' leth 'Theatrum Botanicum, Tk [ B 88 Chap. 31. E S. leth onely thofe that are alreadv digefted; but it is very profitable for all other forts of agues, that come eyther from flegmc or melancholy, or from an inflammation of the bowels: for thcfe (faith he) Camomillis afoveraimrc remedy to be applied, when as they fhall be concofled : and therefore there is nothing can be more acceptable and profitable to the Hypochondria ; that is, the Tides, and that part where the liver and fplcene lye, then it. The bathin^ of a decoftion of Camomill taketh away wearineffe,and eafeth paines to what part of the body foever it be applyetf betides, it comforteth the finewes that arc overftrayned, mollifieth all fwellings, and thofe that arc not overhard" and rarifyeth thofe that are bound together. It moderately comforteth all parts that have need of warmth, and digefteth and diffolveth whatfoever hath need thereof, by a wonderfull fpeedy property. It eafeth all the paines of the collick and (lone, as alfo all paines and torments ofthe kelly, and provoketh urine gently. The flowers boy- led in pofl'et drinke, provoketh fwc-at, and helpeth to expcll colds, aches, and paines wherefoever ; the fame is an excellent helpe to bring downe womens courfes; Syrupemade ofthe juyee of double Camomill, faith r Bau- himti , but of garden Camomill fay $>cm and Label, with the flowers and white wine, is a remedy againfl the iaun- dife and dropfie, that commeth by the cvill difpofition of the fpleene. The flowers boyled in lye is very good to waih the head, and to comfort both it and the braine. The oyle made of the flowers of Camomill is much ufed, againil all hard fwellin gs,and paines,or aches,fhrinktng ofthe finewcs.or crampes,or paine, in the joynts.or any o- ther part ofthe body ; and helpeth to diffolve wind, and paines in the belly, tried in gliders for that purpofe: an- noyntedalfo, it helpeth Hitches, and paines in the (ides. Mayweed is often ufed with good fucccfl'efur the fame purpofes that Camomill is, both to diffolve tumours and winde, and to cafe paines and aches, in the joynts, &c. cfpecially the (linking fort, which is (tronger in operation than the other. Chap. XXXI. Ambrofia. Oke of Cappadocia. ;Lthough there be extantwith fomc Writers, two forts of Ambrojia, as Malthiohr in his lad Edition, and 1 three forts with Lobelm his obfervations, and fo likewife with Cyerard ; yet finding both the forts in ^ c Jllatthio/us, and the later fort in Label and Gerard, to be other hearbes, as 1 fhall drew you in the fixth place among the Abrotan. j,and not Ambrojia .* I have here onely (hewed you one , as Dodonaus before me hath done alfo, which is the firft both with* Label and Gerard, as the trued, and is thus to be knowne. i, ^nbrofta horicnfis. Oaketot Cappadocia. if Ambrofia hortenfis. Oake of Cappadocia. The Oake of Cappadocia from a long (lender roote, bufhing forth with many fibres, fendeth forth one hoary white (Iriped, or (Iraked (lalkc, rifing to be two foote high at the lead in any good ground, divided or fpread into many branches, from the very bottome, whereon are let without any certaine order, fomewhac large leaves , upon pretty long foot-dalkes, very much cut in on the edges, fomewhat refembling the divifionof Mugwort leaves,cfpecially the ends of them, but much fmaller than they, being all whitilh or hoaryupon thegreene, and of a very pleafing feent, not fo hot or refinous as Borrys or Oake of Ierujalem : at the toppes of all the branches both great and final, (land the flowers, whichare finall round yellow moffie buttons, never opening abroad, nor bringing any feed, but fall away as idle chaffe: but under thefe flowers from among the leaves, come forth fmall (hortftalkes, bearing two or three, or foure fmall rough and pointed heads, without any flowers before them, wherein is contained fmall round blackiih feed, almoft like the kernels or (lones of Radons or Grapes. The , lace. This is faid to grow natirally in Cappadocia , but Bellor.ins fetteth it downe to have found it in many places of Afia minor, and is onely to be found in gardens thorowout all Europe. The Time. It flowreth not with us untill Auguft, and hardly giveth us any perfetT tecd.for the lead cold night comming before it can iced, taketh it away, making it prefcntly to perifh, fo that for the mod part wee are to feeke for feed, from Italy, or other places. The Names, It is called in Greeke cjuafi si r -3,-iv JpO ;'/'Dcerum etbm, the meate o( the Gods : for fo Gentilifme accounted of it. for the excellent fragrancy it yeldeth, and that mortall men did not make it their food, orbecaufe,astheyfuppofed, itdidmake men that did cate thereof, to bee offolong life, thatdneymightbeheldtobeimmortall. Anguillara, Gefner i» her:, and Camay onus fuppolc it to bee Conyaa Hyppocratis. Lugdunenjis callcth it Artemifia monoclones, but giveth two figures thereof, one with an upright flalke without any branches, and the other branched. Gefner likewife calleth it a kindc of Artemifia, and fome doe take it to bee the fecond Artemijla of Pl‘»y, but Dodonaus, Camerarius, Label, and Tabermontanns, doe all call it Ambrojia, Tr i b e. i. The 'Theater ofTlants . Chap. Ambropa, or fativa rparreftis : Bauhinus calleth it Ambropa marititta in Englifh Oakc of Cappadocia. The Ycrtues. The properties referrtd by this ancient Writers to this hearbe are fcarce anfwerable to fo glorious a title; for Diofcorides faith onely, it hath a property torepell.ftay and bind thofc humours, that fall into any part of the body, beiii" annoynted or outwardly applyed, and fo faith Galen alfo, and more is not laid by any Autho thereof: onely Pliny in writing the words ot THofcoridcs, in Head of repeliing,hath let downe difcufiing, as miftaking the Greeke word, and mil-interpreting it. Chap. XXXII. Botrys. Oke oflerulalem. EE have generally knownebut one fort of-Sorry:, which is aftnalllow hearbe, but of late dayes there hath come to our knowledge, another fort more tall, and like unto afmall Ihrubbe, becaufc it is more wooddy. i; Botrys vulgaris. Common Oke oflenifalem. i. 'Botrysvulgaris. Common OkeofIerufalem. "the ordinary Oke of Jcrufalem is a fmall bulhy hearbe, full of branches, a foote and a halfe high, with lomefew, and not many leaves thereon, which at the fir ft fpringing are reddifh on the un- derfide,and after grow to be ofa yellowilh greene colour, efpe- cially when they grow old, and in the time of the flowring and feeding ; which are much cut in on the edges, like unto Grunfell but larger: the toppes of the branches, and fo downe to the halfe of their height, is fully Itored with fmall pale yellow flowers like unto the bioffomes of Vines, which turne into fmall brownifh feed : the roote is long and hard when it hath given feed, perifh- ingyearely : the whole plant is ofa refinous fweet feent, and .while it is greene is fomewhat clammy in handling. a. Botrys Americana. Indian Oke of Ierulalem. This .fferrp or Oke of/«'»/-e fet, very (mall pale yellowifh flowers like which fall away, and after them come fmallfeed, in- clofed in fmall round heads ; the roote is long and hard, with many fmallfibres growing from it, whereby it taketh ftrong hold in the ground,but both flalke and leafe doe die quite down every yeare, and the roote fhooteth anew in the Spring: the whole plant is of a refonable good feent, and is more eafily pro¬ pagated by the flips, then by the feed. 2. Artemifia minor. Small Mugwort. This fmall Mugwort is fomewhat like unto the former, ha¬ ving fuch like leaves, divided or cut in on both fidcs, greene a- , and whitifh underneath, but much fmaller than they: the flalke likewife (for oftentimes it hath but one) rifeth not fo high, nor is fo great, but bearing the like flowers, yet paler : the feent whereof is alfo a like. 3 Artemifia tenuifolia morn ana. Fine Vountaine Mugwort. The Mountaine Mugwort, is alfo not much unlike the for¬ mer, having divers fquare brownifh branches, not above a foot andahalfehigh, whereon doe grow luch like leaves almoft, but longer, narrower, and much more crumpled, or finely jag¬ ged on the edges • the flowers are pale and fmall like the former : the roote is long and blacke , fpreading in the ground. 4.' Artemifia ToljJpermos. Fruitfull Mugwort. This kinde of Mugwort rifeth up ufuall but with one ftalke, dividing it felfe from the bottome thereof into ma¬ ny branches, whereon are fet fomewhat fparfcdly, fomewhat longer and larger leaves than the fmall Mugwort, but more finely cut in on the edges,unto the middle ribbe,and ending in a longer point; the toppes of the branches, arc more plentifully ftored with flowers than the other forts, which turne into fmall feed, bearing abundantly. 5. Artemifia Virginiana, Virginian Mugwort. This Virginian being fo lately come to our knowledge, that we can fcarce give a perfeft defeription thereof un¬ to you rifeth up, fomewhat higher and larger fpread, with much divided leaves like the firft but greater, the flow¬ ers hath not beene yet thorowly obferve?', The T/ace. The firflgroweth plentifully in many places of this Land, as well as in others, by the way fides, as alfo by fmall water courles, and in divers other places. The fecond likewife is found in fome of thofe places, but farre leffe fre¬ quent. The other three are ftrangers,and nurfed up with us onely in gardens. The Time . They all flower and feed in the end of Summer. The Names, It is called in Greeke < 2 ctsv.iV/*, and Artemifia in Latine alfo, and recorded by Pl'mj, thatittooke the name of 'Artemifia, from Artemifia the wife of Maufolw, King of Carla ; when as formerly it was called Part hems, ejuafi Virginals Maidenwort, and as Apuleitu faith, was alfo called Parthemum : but others thinke ittookethe name from annuls, who is called Diana, becaufc it is chiefly applyed to womens difeafes. The firft is generally called of all W riters Artemifia & vulgaris , becaufc it is the moll common in all Countries. Some call it alio Mater herba - rum. pz Chap. 34.. Tbeatrum Eotanicum. RIB B, t. r"m Thefecond is called hj Matthhlxi $xi& others Artemif?. minor fo doexve, Thethirdis calledby Lugdu- „mllt Artemi fialcptopbyllos mcana, and in Englilh Fine Mountaine Mugwort The lad is called by Bauhimts Arte - mifitt foljfttrmos, and the other by •LHgd.uncaJis Artemijia Monoclonos tpurttni*m airs Ambrofia, ill Englilh Fruit- full Muswort. The Vert ties. ‘Diofcorides faith, it hfeateth and extenuateth. It is with good fucceffe put among other hearbes, that are boylcd for women to fit over the hotdecodlion, to drawdownc their courles, to helpe the delivery of the birth, and to expel! the fecondine or afterbirth, asallbfor the obftruftionsand inflammations of the mother; itbrcakeththe (lone, and caufeth one to make water where it is (lopped : the juyce thereof made up with Myrrhe, and put under as a peffary, worketh the fame effeft, and fo doth the roote alfo, being made up with Axungia into an oyntment, it doth take away Wens and hard knots, and kernels that grow about the necke and throat, as alfo to cale the paines about the necke, but efpecially and with more effeft, if fome field Dailies be put with it. The hearbe it felfc being frelh, or the juyce thereof taken, is afpeciall remedy, upon the overmuch taking of Op.ttm : three drammes of the powder dt the dryed leaves taken in wine, is a fpeedy, and the bell certame helpe for the Sciatica. A decofl.on thereof made with Camomill and Agrimony, and the place bathed therewith while it is warme taketh away the paines ofthe finewes, and the crampe. It is laid of Pfe 7 ,that if a Traveller b.nde fome of the hearbe about him he (hall feele no wearinefl'e at all in his journey; as alfo that no eviU medicine or evill bead (hall hurt him that hath this hearbe about him Many Inch idle fuperftitious and irreligious relations are fet downc, both by the ancient and later Writers concerning this and other plants, which to relate, were both unfeemely for me, and unprofitable for you. I will onely declare unto you, the idle conceit of fome of our later dayes concerning this plant, and that is even of Btuthimu, who glorieth to bean eye witneffe ofthis foppery, thatupon Saint Johns eye, there are coales to be found at mid-day, under the rootes of Mugwort, which after or before that time, are very (mall or none at all, and are ufed as an Amulet to hang about the necke ot thofe that have the falling ficknefie, to cure them thereof. But Oh the weake and fraile nature of man ! which I cannot but lament, that is more pi one to beleevc and relyc upon fuch impoftures, than upon the ordinances oFGod in his creatures, and truft in his ^ovidencc. Chap. XXXIIIJ. Abrotamm. Sothernwood. ^F Sothernwood (which is the Airotammmv, as the late and bed experienced Authors doe hold; the ,/iwum to be the Lavender Cotton, which (hall be fet downe m the next Chapter ) there are many forts,as they (hall be declared in their order: of which number I have taken fome from thole hearbes going before, as alfo from Wormcwood that {hall follow, becaufe I fuppofe they rather belong to t 1 Tribe, than to any of the other, from whence I have taken them. 1. Abotanumtnas vnlgare. Common Sothernwood. i. Abrotanum mas vulgar?. Common Sothernwood. Our ordinary Sothernwood (which is the mod common in gardens with us, and generally called Sothernwood for the other forts are called by other names, for them oft part, and not acknowledge to be of this kinde) rifeth up with ma¬ ny weake and wooddy branches bending downewards, if they be not held up, fpecially while they are fmall, for the elder ftems are more ftrong and great, ryfing in time to bee higher than any man, from which doe grow out many fmall and long branches, whereon are fet many fmall fine and fhort leaves, as fine as Fennell, but not fo long, ot a grayifh or ruf- fet greene colour, fomewhat ftrong, but not unpleafant in fmell, and of a ftrong and fomewhat bitter tafte: from the middle almoft to the toppes of the upper fprigges, ftand final round yellow flowers hanging like little buttons, which ne¬ ver open much,but pafle away,and after them come the feed, which is flnaller than that of Wormewood : the root grow- ethnotvcrydeepe,butis wooddy, with divers ftringsan¬ nexed unto it: this lofeth all the leaves on the ftalkes and branches every yeare, and fhoot forth anew in the Spring. 3. Abrotammmd)iu. Great Sothernwood. This great Sothernwood is altogether like the former, growing as high,or rather higher, and with leaves like there¬ unto, blit fomewhat larger and greener, of a ftrong refinous feent, not fo pleafant, but drawing fomewhat neare unto the fmell of Camfire or Francumfence, the flowers and feed dif¬ fer not from the other, nor the roote, which is wooddy and runneth under ground in the fame manner. 3. Abrotamm arborefeent. Tree Sothernwood. This rare kinde of Sothernwood groweth upright, with oneftem or ftalke, to the height ofa man, if the lower fmall fprigges bee pruned from it in the growing, and fhooteth forth many branches on all fides, on which doe grow many leaves, very much cut in and divided, but are nothing fo fine and fmall as the Former, but yet a little quicker, and nearer refembling Wormewood, as it is alfo in the tafte, and more aromaticall than Sothernwood : the flowers ftand atthetoppes of the branches, being more plentifull and larger than the former, but yellow like them, after which come the feed, which likewife is iomewhac larger : the roote is wooddy, fpteading many firings and fibres : the plant is more tender than the others, and will require fome care to preferve it in the Winter more than they. 4. Afaouimminodorttm. Vnfavory Sothernwood. Vnfavory Sothernwood fpringeth up with many (lender, but wooddy whitifh ftalkes for the moll part, leaning or lying upon the ground, yet fometimes [landing fomewhat upright, uponwhich atfeverall places, co,me forth many Imall whitifh leaves, not fo fmall or finely cut or divided as the common Sothernwood, but greater, oflittle or no fmell at all, but of a hoc tafte, drawing rheume into the mouth, to bee (pit forth: from among which Spring forth fmall greenifh purple branches, fet with the like leaves, but fmaller,and many Imall pendulous greenifh pur¬ ple heads, along the fpriggesto the toppes, which when they open, (hew out fmall pale purplifh flowers; the roote is fomewhat wooddy, and brancheth forth divers wayes, with many fmall firings or fibres. 5. Abrotanitmhumileodoratum. SmallfwcetSothernwood. This fmall Sothernwood [hooteth forth many fmall wooddy branches, riling feldome above halfe a yard high, but very thickly fpreading into other (mailer {prigs, fet full of fmall leaves, fomewhat longer, greater, and greener than the lad: the toppes of the ftalkes are [tored with many fmall round heads, which lhew forth fmall yellow greenifh flowers: the roote fpreadeth like the other: the whole plant as well leaves as flowers, and the fprigges yeeld a very good feent and pleafant favour, more than the other, fomewhat inclining to Wormewood. 6. Abrotatinmcamye(lre. Field Sothernwood. The Field Sothernwood hath many fmall fine leaves, rifing from the roote, very like unto the leaves of com¬ mon Sothernwood, but of a darkegreene colour, and likewife many wooddy ftalkes, about afoote high or more (yet fometimes but one) divided diverfly, having fuch like leaves growing thereon, as are below : the {lender iprigges are ftored with plenty of fmall round greene heads or buttons, which containe fmall yellowifh flowers like Sothernwood, and'plenty offmallfeed followingthem : the roote is long, thick, blacke, and wooddy, with divers fibres annexed thereunto: the fmell hereof is more neareunto Mug wort, than Sothernwood. 7, Abrotanum campcflre incanum. Hoary Field Sothernwood. This other Field Sothernwood, is in all things like the lad deferibed wild Sothernwood, but that the leaves are of a whitith or hoary colour, and of a fweet aromaticall (cent and tafte, and that the roote is of a darke reddifh co¬ lour on the outfide, with divers fmall fibres growing from it. The Place. The firft is ufually found in gardens but his originall is not fet downe. The fecond groweth in Germany, and brought into their gardens. The third came out of the Levant into Italy, from whence it hath beene lent to divers other places, as well here, as to Germany, the Low-countries, &c, The fourth C/nfim faith he found in Aaftria 6. Abrotanum campcfue. Field Sothernwood. 7. Abrotanum campe/Ireincanum .Hoary field Sothernwood. I Hutt^aria, and other parts thereabouts. The fifth is onely found in the oardens of Herbarifts that are curious. The fixth groweth. in Harcynia fylva Sazonothurungica , as Iohanncs Thalius fetteth it dovvne. And the lad about Lintz in Aufiria , from whence, Bau- hinus in his Prodromes faith, it was brought to him. The Time . Mod of them doe flower in Iuly and Auouft, yet fome later, fo that we feldome fee them beare feed, efpecially the greated. The Names. It is called in Greeke AfyoTovovJ)* 7 Z -zrpcj c’^vetlifon^doraAov aulphine in France, as Lobel Faith. The feventh Pona fetteth downe in the defeription of Unions Baldus that he found there. The eighth and the two leffer kindes thereof, Clujius faith he found in Hungary, Au¬ ftria,Bohemia, and other places thereabouts. The ninth Clujius alfo faith hee found in the lower Auftria, about Vienna and Nervftadt. The tenth Clujius alfo faith he found in the toppe oFthe fnowy Mountaine in Auftria called Sneberge. The eleventh as I faid, in every Medow thorowout the Land almofl, as alfo by ditches and hedges (ides; The twelft in the Medowes by Bajfttl ; The thirteenth in Auftria, and the laft in Spaine, The Time, Thefe doe all flower in Iune or Iuly at the furtheft, except the Thorney Germander, and the Spanifli and Candy kindes,which come later. 7 he Names. Germander is called in Greeke Cham&drys , quap humilis aut parva quercus,afoliorttmJimilitudine,nnd Chamadrops as Diofcorides Faith, in Latine Trixago & Trijjago, and Querent a minor,and of fome Teucriur, 7. The firft and fecond are generally called of moft Writers Chamtdrys, and of fome mas ■ and of fome as 1 faid Trix- a ?°> and Trijjago major or minor, repens is added according to the kinde, and of fome S err a tula minor, and of fome aUo as dhtatthiolns faith, herb a Fcbrium, and Febrifuga, from the effefls. The third is called by Columna Trixago Apula unicatflisforte Verbena retta Diofcoridis, and by Bauhinus nnicaulis . The fourth is called by Matthiolus Chamadrys altera, and fo doe Bur antes, Lugdunenfts , and Camerarius, -who accounteth it an errourin them that Would make it a Cham*pitys, as if it fmelt like Roflin, Fuchfius and others Chamadyys f*mina, Traqus calleth it Chamscypar ijfus agreftis, and firft alfo tooke it to be C ham spitys altera ‘Biofcoridis, whom ‘Bodon&us and"" Clujius fol¬ low, for he calleth it Chamapitys multifidisfolijs, and alfo Ajuga, and Tabermontanus Ivamofchatd. Lobel calleth it Chamxdrys laciniatisfoljs , and by that name it hath continually beenc Tent to us. Bauhinus calleth it Botrys Cham*- d.ryoidss g Chap. 38. Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe j, drjoidcs. The fifth Unuhinus hath onely fee forth and given it the name in the title. The fixth is called by Clufiut Chwadrys wont ana, and fo doc Lugdmenflis and Tabermontanus y who faith it is alfo called Argentina (JMonfpeliaca, Cbamadrys Alpinaby Camer arias , who faith fome called it Hirtzwortz, and thereupon Cjeflner called it (flervaria & herba Cervi quibufdam. Lobcl calleth it Chamadrys montanajruteflccns durior . Lugdunenflis faith, l'omc call it Leucas o£ Dioflcorides. Bauhinus calleth it Chamadrys Alpina Cifti flare. The feventh is called by Pona in the dclcription of C Mons Baldus Veronica petraa flemper virens : Bauhinus faith it is Cluflus his fixth Teucrium pumilumflvn his Hiftcry of plants, and calleth it himfelfe Chamadrys Alpina flaxatilu. The eighth is called by C luflus Teucrium majus Panno - mct-m, in his Pannonick obfervations, and maketh it the fourth Teucrium in his Hiftory. Bauhinus calleth it Cha- mtedrys flpuria major 1 altera ftyutefleens. The ninth is Cluflus his fifth 7 'cucrium in his Hiltory of plants,or Teucrium Pan- nonicnm minus which Bauhinus calleth Cbamadrys fpuria minor lat folia. The tenth Cl it flats calleth Teucrium mini- mum, and Bauhinus Cham&drys Alpina minima birfluta. The eleventh is called Ckam*drys vulgarisfamina, byFuch- flus, Turner, Lonicerus, and Lugdunenflis, Pfeudocbamadrys by jbalius, Teucrium pratenfle by Lobcl, and by Cluflus, and commonly with us Cbam^drys fylvcfltyis : the twelft is called by Bauhinus Cbamadrys fpuria minor anguflifolia a who taketh it to be the third fort of the fourth kinde of Clupus his Teucrium . The thirteenth and the lad are rcmem- bred onely by Bauhinus. There is fome controverfie among our latter writers,what hearbe fhould be the true Cha- madry and Teucrium of Dioflcorides, Cjalcn and other ancient writers : for Dodonaus by comparing both the Texts, faith that our common Chamadrys doth more properly belong to the deferiptions of Dioflcorides and Plinies Teucri¬ um. , and fo contrarily Teucrium unto Chamsdry.>, for Dioflcorides fetteth them dovvne in this manner, Xa/ouci3pvfi${ Q&y.i’:«- crium furnilhed. flirty in his JJ.Booke, and t. Chapter, hath fouly erred in the defeription of Teucrium, where he faith it is called Hemionitu , or Her. mion (mCMatthidtn hath it) having neither flower nor feed, whichfome Would call Afplenion or Splemem, as he hath it, and then tclleth fables how the vertue thereof was knowne to be goodagainft the fpleene, in that the Swine that eate thereof were found to have no milt. Andagaine, that the intrailes of beads being call upon the hcarbe, the milt or fpleene of them onely lying neared was confumed Jcilicet, of the dead bead, and then addeth by and by the true defeription (although fomewhat varying from that of Diofcorides) of Teucrium, (o that he confoundeth both Hemionitis mdTeucrium together in ore defeription. Matthwlus faith that fome did take Tem rium to be CrajfuU major, or Fabainverfa, called by others Telephwm. The fird is Amply called Temrium by Matthiolus, Label, and many other Authors, and by Clufius Teu¬ crium vufaarcfruticans, but by Dodonaus Chamadrys altera feu afurgens the fecond (fufius calleth Teucrium Creticum, faying it was fent by the name of fhamadrys major, and Bauhinus Teucrium Creticum incitmm: the third Clufius calleth Teucriumfrttticans r Batictm,mi fo doe Lugdunenps,Tabermontanns , and others, that have taken it from him, Bauhinus calleth it Teucrium peregri- mm folio fimofo, and maketh a cjuere, which Clufius had made before; an Be. derota Pau/ania : the lad in his Pinax and Prodromus calleth Teucri. um Alpimm inodorum magno flare, and yet is the tame with his Teucrium folijs Scorodonit, as any may well fee that will compare them together, for Camera, rim who had his from [and], by the name of Scord'mm verum, (heweth that it hath the leaves of Scorodonia,hnt left. The Vertues] Cater, maketh Teucrium to be hot in the fecond degree, and dry in the third,’ and ofthinne parts, and cutting alfo, whereby it is helpefull for the fpleene: it is faith Tiofcorides ufed either greene or dry, and is good toconfumethe (plecne, being inwardly or outwardly applyed: it is alfo ufed againft the ding of veuemous creatures. Chap. XL. Scorditm, Water Germander. 1 Sordium beine a kinde of Germander mud be next entreated of, yet for that it foielleth ofGarlick, it ®uft te femratedfrom them, and with it the other of his kinde,and fome alfo for the aftmity in name or findl arctnoc unfit to be joyned together in this Chapter. 1, Scord'mm legitimum. Water Germander. . .. . . Water Germarder (from a fmall roote full of white ftrings fpreading in the ground, and creeping or running aknm-ilfn fliootcth forth divers weake fquare hairy branches, which take roote in divers places, as they lye and about alfo, (hooteth form aiversv^ whereon doe grow many leaves, twoalwayesat a joynt, which are fome¬ what larger and longer than garden Germander leaves.ofa fad or darke greene colour, vvfeton yet there is afhew , 3 fr andhoaTvnefle Tomewhat foft in handling, full of veines, and dented about the edges,of 1 Gent fome- vvhatflron^.TefemWmgSarlickeVthe flowers are fmall, red, and gaping,ftandingatthejoynts, With the leaves towards thl toDDes of the branches: we have not oblerved what feed it beareth. Scorodonia five Scordium alterum cjuibufdam ,cr Salvia agrejhs.. WoodSagc. Wood Sa^e rifeth up with fquare hoary lfalkes.two foots high at the lead, having two leaves fet at every joynt theieonf wlnchMefomewhat Uke unto Sage leaves, but fmaUer,fofter, whiter ^ flender rhecdoes and tailing fomewhat flrongly : at the tops of the ftalkes and branches hand the flowers on a uenaer long fpike, turning themfelves all oneway when they bloW,and are of, ipale,“^‘“^“'Xske 3 ^Aether? die but hooded, and gluing like unto them: the feed is blackifh andround, foure ufually fet m a huske to a etn roote is long and tlringy, with divers fibres thereat, and endureth manyyeares. a. Scordom Plmi\ primum. The firftGarhcke Germander of PlmJ. Becaufe DodonausXobel, Pena, Valecbampius, have fet forth divers hearbes for the true Scordowo W mfiS fome Scorodonia or Salvia aerefh's, fome Stachys, and others G all,meum,none of them havmg the fmell of Sc, tm or the vertues that Pliny giveth to his Scordotis ; therefore Honorius 'Bellus a Phyfitian in Candy,a diligent fearcher, andof'’teaTknowledge and judgement in heatbes, fent to his friends in divers places .* f™* *"£” ° f Pl.ny, with the leafe of Wild Mints,or water Mints; whole defer,prion is as foll oweth j h'^hefrireroln^- and fibrous roote, abiding long, and not peddling every yeare, many fquare hairy white branches, Wot antf a bout it on the ground: whereon are fet two leaves at a joynt, broader and rounder than the former scorn . aia all hoary white, being fomewhat like unto the leaves of Horehound, or water Mintss at the toppes 0 conig Tribe, i. $. Scordctii Pliny primuw. The hrft Garlicke Germander of plity. come fort!) the fiowers, (landing as it were in a long fpiky head, with leaves among them, which are ofa very pale purplilh colour, almoft white like unto Horehound, after which commeth fmall round blacke feed : the whole plant lmelleth of Garlicke, as much as Scordium, and thereby to be knowne as well as by the leaves, to differ from thole baftard kindes that other Authors have let forth. _ 4. Scoriotis alteram VUni] Pone, Another Garlicke Germander of ?liny. The other Scordmis rifeth up with his ftalke more upright, and more branched than the' former, bearing the like £ 2 leaves 9 Ill Chap. 40. Tbeatmn Botanicum. Tribe 1. 4. Scordotis alter uni Pftv'tj Pons." 5. jltiaria. Sawcc alone,-or lacke by the hedge. Another GsriickcGcwnandcr of Pliny . leaves, but fomewhat larger, and roundly dented about the edges, two at every j'oynt, and two branches with them likewife,havingfpikedtoppesofreddifhflowers. •i.Lkllima. Sawfealone,orIackeby thehedge. The lower leaves of Sawfe alone are rounder than tlwfc that grow towards the toppes of the (lalkes, and arc fet finely one at a joynt, being fomewhat round and broad, and pointed at the ends, dented alfo about the edges, and fomewhat refembling Nettle leaves for the forme, but of a frefher greene colour, and not rough or pricking: theflowersare very finall and white growing at the toppes ofthe [hikes one above another, like unto Rocket, which being pad, there follow fmall and long round pods, wherein arc contained finall round feed fomewhat blackifh : therooteis ftringy and threaddy, perifhingevery yeare after it hath given feed,and raifeth it felfe againe from its ownc fowing: the plant or any part thereofbeing bruifed, finelleth of Sarlickc, but more pleafantly, and tafteth fomewhat hot and fharpe, like almoll unto Rocket. ... • This is fometimes found with larger and rounder leaves, in nothing elfe differing. M-fyor. g. Scoriio ajjimi El-fhas Celttmm. The Germander-likehearbe of Naples. This Germander-like hearbe hath a fquare tender hollow Ifalke, fomewhat hairy, and of a whitifh greene colour as the leaves are Iikewife, two alwaies fet at a j'oynt, the lowed being fmaller than the other that grow upward to the middle ofthe [hike, being fomewhat like unto Mint leaves.but rounder atthe points,and roundly dented a- botit the edges like Germander, but more fparingly: from the joynts with the leaves on all fides, from the very bottomealmoft ofthe dalke, fpring forth branches fet with the like, but fmaller, longer, and more pointed leaves, towards the toppes whereof come forth gold yellow gaping or hooded flowers, every one upon a {lender foote- tlalke,betweene the leaves like the head of an Elephant, with the bowed fnowt, and two crooked teeth on each fide thereof, and pnrplifli fpots like eyes under theupper hood, of a very fweet feent, and flowring by degrees one after another, after which come grayilh Iced contained in heads, with very thinne skins that they may be difeerned thorow them : the roote is long and white, with fome tranflucid graines like wheate cornes growing at them. The Place ', The firfl: groweth in many wet grounds, and by water Tides in many places of England ; Dio for ides faith as well on the Hills, as by water Tides, for it will abide well if it be tranfplanted into a garden, an d Cameron** that is found to be ftronger and (harper that groweth on high gtounds. The fecond groweth in woods and by wood Tdes, as alfo in divers Helds and by-lanes in many places with us; the third as is faid groweth in Candy, whereas Henorius Bellas faith, the people gather it promifcuoully with the former fort, and fo ufe it, or fell it to others: the fourth doth "row alfo in Candy , and fent to Signer Contanni, from whom Pond faith he had the knowledge thereof. The fift groweth under walls, and by hedge Tides, and path- wayes in fields in many places: the laft on the hill Cm- poclari in Naples ,as Columns faith. The Xribe I. The Theater of ‘Plantes. Chap. 40, n 3 The Time. They doe flower in Tune, Inly, and Auguft, fomewhat before which time,the mod ufuall manner is to gather the water Germander, and dry it to keepe. The Names. Water Germander is called in Greeke S r.hfSnj, and in Latine Scordium, from reStoJV which is A/lixm Garlicke, becaufe ofthe fmell: the Ukeneffeofthe Greeke name.didmnch deceive the former ages before us, for as Mat- thiolm writeth, it begun to be knowne but a while before his time, and that all men both Phyfitians and Apotheca¬ ries ufed the wild Garlick called Ophiofcoridon in dead of the true Scordium in their medicines, the occafion where¬ of (befides their owne ignorance and negligence in not dittinguifhing of the words) was A vicen, as it is moff likely or his Tranflator that appointed Scordium in one compofition of Treakle,and wild or cro w Garlicke in another : and the Phyfitians of the former ages,thinking that Avicsn had interpreted himfelfe, expounding one place by another, continued the error by tradition without further fearch,untill learning & all other iciences began to be more fought into, and refined as it were from the groffe puddle ofignorance and barbarifme, which brought the knowledge of this to light, as it did of many other things; fo that now our curiofity doth not reft in medys or milibus, but tran- fcendetlf *!mas & minimal etiamji battles -It is called alfo Trixage palaftrisfl/V ater or Marfh Germander, both for the likeneffe thereof unto Germander called Trixago,mi for the growing thei cofin marfhes, &c. Some alfo call itJVWftw from the ftrong feent fo unpleafanr to the fences. Pliny faith that Cratevas did aferibe one of the forts hereof unto Mithridates, and called it Mithridation ; and it may be from hence as well as from Garlicke, was cal¬ led poore mens Treakle, and by our Country people Englilh Trcakle. The firft is called Scordium, or Trixago pa- Inflris of all Writers, and although Tabermomanas and Gerard that fo loweth him, doth make two forts thereof, as majus and minus, a treater and a Idler, yet I never could obferve any other difference then in the place which pro¬ duced them, bcing B one more or leffc fmitfull or barren than the other. The iecond is called by Label and Camera- rim Scordiim alteram, and Scordium majm Plimj by Gefncr; who calleth ir alfo Salvia montana, and Amlropa qui- tufdam ■ Trimtt , Lonicerm, and Tabermontanus, call it Salvia fylveflris, and Salvia Bofci, and Bofci Salvia , and LuedunenfPsalviaagreflisl^TlodmtMs alfo doth, who taketh it likewife to bee Sphacelus Theophrafli, as I have formerly Chewed. Cordus, Thalius, and Gerard call it Scordonia, and Scorodonia, although his figure thereunto is not rwht. (fafalpinus calleth it Melinum alteram,sEtias,md Bstuhinus Scordium alteram Salvia fylveflris. The third is called Scordotis legitimism PUni), both of Bellas and Form in his defeription of Mons Balias, and it is Very proba¬ ble that Camerarius doth meane this fort, which he calleth Scordium Creticum lanisginofum : for as I laid before, 'Be/lus faith,the people of Candy make no difference betweene them, but in gathering put them together. It is pro. bablealfo, that Anguillara called this Scordium alteram, which hee faith was foundaboutthe banke ofthe River Pifcara, with leavef as large as Baulmc : and that fuch is found in Candy alfo, in Greece and other places, nothing differin™ either in feent or quality from the firft. The fourth is called by Pona in his Italian Balias Scordotis [ectm. dam Plfnij. The laft is called by moft Authors AUiaria, yet Gefncr in kortis calleth it AHiaflrum, and Ericias Cordus Rima marina, but Anguillara Rimamaria.Ualechampius upon Pliny taketh it to be his estleSloroloplms, and fo doth LobcUVfo, fome alfo take it to be Thlxjpidium Crateva, and Tragus calleth it Thlaflthum corr.utum. The laft Colmn- na calleth it Elephas (fampoclarenfium, and Bauhinus Scordio affinis, Flephas. The Italians call Scordium falaman- drino paluflrc, the Spaniards Camedreos de arroyes, the French Scordion and Chamarav,, the Germanes Waflfer Rothen- gel, and Lachen Knoblauch, the Dutch Water Gamandree, and we in Englifh Water or Marlh Germander. The Italians call Sawce alone, or Iacke by the hedge Alliarta, the French Alliaire, and Herbcaux anh, the Ger- mancs Knob/auchs kraut, and S altxkraut, the Dutch Lookfonder look. The Vertnes. T>iofcorides and Galen doe both agree that water Germander is ot an heating and drying, or binding quality, bit¬ ter alfo, and a little fowre and fharpe, whereby it is effeCluall to provoke urine, and womens monethly courfes s the deco&ion thereof in wine being either greene or dry, is good againft the bytings of all venemous beafts or Serpents, and all other deadly poifons; and alfo againft the gnawing paines of the Stomake, and paines of the fide that come cither ofcold or obftrudions, and for the bloody tiixe alfo : made into an Ele&uary with Crefl'es,Roflin, and Honey,it is available againft an old cough, andtohelpe to expectorate rotten flegme out ofthe cheft and lungs: as alfo to helpe thofe that are burden, and troubled with crampes. Cjalcn in lib. 1. Antidot. (which Jldat- thioltis and others alfo fet downe) recordeth that it was found written by fundry faithfull and difereet men, that in the warre ofthe bondmen, where the bodies of the flaine had lien upon Scordium any long time, before they were buried, they were found to be lefle putrified than others, that had not fallen thereupon, efpecially thofe parts that were next the hearbe ; which obfervation bred a perfwalion of the vertuc thereof to bee effeCtuall, as well againft the poifon of venemous creatures, as the venome of poifonfull hearbes or medicines. It is a fpeciall ingredient both in Mithridate and Treakle, as a counterpoifon againft all poifons, and infections either of the plague or peftilentiall or other Epidemicall difeafes, as the fmallpockes, meafels,faintlpots,or purples: and the Ele&uary made thereof, named Diafcordiumfs effe&uall for all the faid purpofes : and befides is often given,and with good fuccefie before the fits of agues, to divert or hinder the accede, and thereby to drive them away. It is often taken alfo as a Cordial! to comfort and ftrengthen the heart. It is a moft certaine and knowne common remedy to kill the wormes, either in the ftomacke or belly, to take a little of the juyee thereof, or the powder in dr inke fading. 1 he deco&ion of the dryed hearbe with two or three rootes of Tormentill diced, and given to thofe that are troubled with the bloody flixe 3 is a fafe and fure remedy for them. The juyee of the hearbe alone taken, or a Syrupemade thereof is profita¬ ble for many ofthe forenamed grietes. The dryed hearbe being ufed with a little honey deanfeth foule ulcers, and bringeth them to cicatrizing, as alfo clofethfrefh wounds: the dryed hearbe made into a cerate or pultis, and applyed to excrefcences in the ftefh, as Wens and fuch like, helpeth both to condraine the matter from further bree¬ ding of them, as alfo to difeude and difperfe them being growne. It being ufed alfo with vineger or water, and applyed to the gowt, eafeth the paines thereof. The greene hearbe bruifed and laid or bound to any wound, hea- leth it, be it never fo great. Wood Sage is hot and dry in the fecond degree, the deco&ion thereof is good to bee given to thofe whole urine is ftayed, for it provoketh it and womens courfes alfo. It is thought to be good againft the French poxe, becaufe the deco&ion thereof drunke doth provoke Iweat, digefteth humours, and dilfolveth L j fw el lings- Tbsatrwn \Botanicum . Tribe, i fwellings and nodes in the fiefti: the decoftion of the hearbe rather greene than dry made with wine, and taken is accounted a fafe and fure remedy for thofe who by falls, bruifes, or beatings, doubt fome vcine to be inwardly bro¬ ken, to difperfe and avoid the congealed blood, and to confolidate the veine, and is alfo good for fuch as are inward¬ ly or outwardly burden, the drinke ufed inwardly, and the hearbe applycd outwardly : the famealfo, and in the fame manner u!ed, is found to be a lure remedy for the pallie : the juyce of the hearbe or the powder thereof dry- ed is good for moift ulcers and fores in the legges , or other parts to dry them , and thereby to caule them to heale the more fpeedily : it is no lefle effe&uall alfo in greene wounds, to be nfed upon any occafion. ] acke of the hedge is eaten of many Country people as fawce to their lalt fifh, and helpech well to digefi: the crudi¬ ties, and other corrupt humours are engendred by the eating thereof, it warmeth alfo the ftomacke, andcaufeth digedion : the juyce thereof boy led with honey, is held to be as good as Eryfimum , hedge Mudard for the cou^h to helpe to cut and expeftorate the flegme that is tough and hard to rile : the feed bruifed and boyledin wine is a good remedy for the wind collicke, or for the done, being drunke warme, the fame alfo given to women troubled with the mother, both to drinke, and the feed put into a cloth, and applyed while it is warme, is of lingular good ufe : the leaves alfo or feed bovled, is good to be ufed in gliders, to eafe the paines of the done : the greene leaves are held to be good to heale the ulcers in the legges, the roote tadeth lharpe fomewhat like unto Kaddilh, and therefore may be ufed in the fame manner, and to the fame purpofes that it is. H4. C hap.4 4 1 * Chap. XL I. Baccharis • Eacchar. Lthough fundry Writers have fet forth divers hearbes, for the true Baccharis of r Diofcorides 3 and other learned men have refilled them : yet thefe hearbes come neared thereunto, the one the learned of Mom- Pfcis pelier account the trued, and with them many others doe agree: the other Ranwolfitts fetteth forth, «.**'•>**» are c h ere f 0 r e here propofed unto you. 1. Baccharis Monjpelicnfiutn. French Baccnar. T. Baccharis Mmfpelienjlum. French Bacchar. This hearbe hath divers fomewhat long and large leaves lying upon the ground full of veines, which make it feeine as if it were crumpled, fofc and gentle in handling, and of an overworne greene colour, leeming to be woolly : from among which in the Summer time,rifethup afiroiig ftiife ftalke, three or foure foote high, fee with divers fuch like leaves, but fmaller up to the toppe: here it is divided into many branches, at the ends whereof forch divers flowers, three or foure for the mod part, at the end of every feverall branch, and every oneona fmall foote- flalke •, which flowers confift wholly of fmall threads or thrums, (landing clofe and round ; and never laid open like other flowers, that confift of leaves , of a dead or purplifh yellow colour, out of greenilli fcaly heads , which thrums turne into a whitilh downe : at the bottome whereof is the feed , fmall and chaffy , which together with the downe is car¬ ried away with the winde, and rifeth up in fundry places of a gar¬ den, where it is once planted, and bearethfeed : the roote con- fifts of many firings and fibres, bufhing fomewhat thick, not run. ring deepe into the ground, but fo taking hold of the upper face of the earth, that it may eafily be pulled up with ones hand ; the finell whereof is fomewhat like unto Avevs, but lefle in gardens, than growing wild , even as Averts doth in gardens, and divers other fweet hearbes that are of thin parts and fubtile. 2. Baccharis Diofeoridis Rauwolfie, Syrian Bacchar. The Syrian Bacchar, brancheth forth from an hoary ftalke,about a foote high, into many fmaller fprigges ; bearing fomewhat long and narrow leaves thereon, as white, hoary, ana woolly as Mullein leaves, without any foot-ftalke at the bottome, but com- pafling the ftalke about: thefe being larger below, yet lefle than Mullein,and thofe above fmaller,and fmaller to thetops: where¬ on (land the flowers very thicke fet together, fomewhat like un¬ to golden Tufts, or Mountaine Cotton weed, called alfo Cars foote, ofa pa'e purplifh colour: the roote was not fully obferved, but feemed by fome parts thereof, to be fibrous like blacke Hellebor, and fweet alfo. The Place. The firft groweth plentifully nearc Mampelier, and nany other places alfo. The other in Syria. The Time. The firft flow reth with us about the end ofluly, or beginning ofAuguft. The other time is not ex- prefled. The Tr IB E. 1 The! beater of Thants. Chap. 41. 115 The Names. It is called in Greeke /W-xapir, Baccharis, or as Tome would have it araasaefr, Baccharis , as though it lhould bee named wetwirtf if ‘Paneharis, from the excellent fmell it hath. VImy faith that Tome in his time called it Nardus ruflka ■ but faith hee, they were in an errour that didfo call it, for Afarumi smofl miely and properly called of the Greekes NapJVJf* Sypi y. Nar¬ dus ruflica, ana therefore Gerard in following the old error re¬ prehended fo long agoe, giveth it the Englifh name of idotv- mans Spikenard, wheieunto it hath no refemblance, neither for forme nor vertues,and his figure alfo is rather the figure of Mat thiolus Baccharis , then of this: and although in former times divers did thinke, that Afarum and Baccharis in r Diof- ccridcs were all one hearbe, and thereupon came the name of A far a baccara ■ fome taking A far urn to be Baccharis ,-and fo contrarily fome taking Baccharis to be Afarum • for Cratevas Ill's Afarum is not T)iofcorid.es his Afarum, but his Baccharis ,as any may plainely fee, that fiiall read his defcription, yet now time and diligence have expell thole errours. The firft of thefe is called Baccharis Monjpclienfum , whereunto it doth more fitly agree,than any other hearbe that others have fet forth; as Vena and Label, Clufus, and others doe agree; al¬ though Dodon&us calleth it Conyza major altera , and faith it hath little or no Iikeneffe unto Diofcorides his Baccharis. ATat- thiolus his Conyza major , is faid by the Author of Lugdtsnenjis, to be this Baccharis Monfpclienfum : and Label and Bena fay that the plant which Matthiolas fct forth for Baccharis ,cannot agree unto that of Diofcorides, but is a kind of fweet Mullein, or a kinde of Moth Mullein : yet Bauhinus in his Pina #, cal¬ ling this Conyy.1 major vulgaris , {hewing thereby that many did call it fo, referring it as well to Matthiolus his Conyza ma¬ jor, as to his Baccharis • which Lugdunenjis faith, are fo con¬ trary one unto the other, as that they cannot be accounted both one plant, as in the Chapter of Bacchant he fheweth. They of Salmanca in Spaine , as Clufus faith, called it Helenium, and di¬ vers both women and Monkes, tiled both the roote and the hearbe, for fcabs and itches, which is one of the proper- ties whereunto the true Helenium ferveth. The other Rauwtlfus ondy finding in Syria, feemeth to referre unto Jfiofcorid.es his Baccharis \ which Clufius thinketh rather to bee a kinde of that Mountaine Cotton weed, which FuChJius calleth Filc/fella minor ,and therefore Bauhinus calleth it Cjnaphalio mor.tano affnis zsEgyptiaca, The Vertues. Diofcorides faith, that the rootes of Baccharis boyled in water and drunke,helpetli thofethat are troubled with convulfions and crampes, as alio thole that have ruptures and are burden, fuch as have brufes by falls or otherwife, and thofe that:can hardly draw their breath, or arc {hurt-winded, as alfo for old coughs, and the difficulty in ma¬ king water; it alfo procured! the feminine courfes, and is very profitable againd the bytings of venemous crea¬ tures being taken in wine : the greene roote being bound or hanged to, expelleth the birth, and is good for women in travell to fit over the warme fumes ofthe decodtion thereof. For the fweet fmell thereof it is put into Ward¬ robes to perfume : and the fmell thereof procureth flecpe : But the greene leaves by reafon of their attrition are good to eafe the paines ofthe head, the inflammations of the eyes, and the watering fof them in the beginning the hot fwellings of womens breads after childing, and thofe hot inflammations called Saint Anthonies fire, bein'* ap¬ plied to the places aftetded. Bliny faith further,that it helpeth to breakethe done, and to take away paines and prickings in the fides. Vaulus tAUgineta faith moreover that the decodtion of the roote openeth obflrudfions, and that the leaves are lielpeftill by their adringent quality ti day fluxes Virgil in his feventh Eclogue faith,that is was ufed in his time as a garlaad to fecure one from witchery and charmes, in thefe verfes. At f ultra placitum laudarit, Bacchare frontem C incite, ne vati noceat mala lingua future. Chap. X L 11 . Nardus. Spiknard. Lthottgh it is not my meaning to jfhew you the Indian Spiknard in this place, in that it is a plant peculiar to the Eaderne parts ofthe world, and was never brought to grow in thefe Chridian Countries; yet there is a badard kind thereof found nearer hand, very like unto it, which I mud fet forth unto you," and fome others alfo, that for the affinity either oflcent or property, or both, have beetle called Nardi. 1. Nardus G angitis [puria Narbonenfis. Badard French Spiknard. In imitation ofthe true Indian Spiknard (which Vena faith doth grow in divers places of Syria and Am^which relation is his onely ; for we never could underdand by any of our Merchants that trade into thofe parts, that it was 1. B accbsris Diofcoridis Raurcolfm. Syrian Baccfaar; Tbeatmn \Botanicum , Chap. 42,. I. Nardus Gangitis fouriz N.arboner.fe. Baftard French Spiknard, Tribe. £• Was a commodity fo neare at hand, but brought further of; as I fliall here¬ after further declare) this baftard kinde hath beene obferved to growan- fvverable in a manner to all the parts thereof. For it hath a few fmall hard fibres, which thruft themfelvcs into the ground : from which fpring forth di¬ vers hairy round fpiky heads or beards, of the bigneffe of ones finger, and of an hand breadth high, of a pale browne colour, which are not pointed at the toppes but flat or blunt, through each of thefe heads , even from the loweft part next the roote , flioote forth divers long rough greene ruflies, fcarce a footehigh, many of thefe growing clofe one unto'another, fothat they make the forme or fhew as it were, but of one plant; and afcer this manner hath hee let forth the figure thereof: but hee further addeth afterwards, (which Lticfdunenfis pretermitteth, although he fetteth downe all the former part) that it is altogether without fmell, except thofe hairy fpiked heads or beards, which being bigger than the Indian kinde, doth fmell fomewhat like unto that Mode that groweth upon Oakes, or that other that groweth upon the ground, and that thefe heads being halfe way within the ground, doe fend forth each of them in the middle of thofe rigid rufhes, a tall (lender and fmooth (hike, riling about a cubite higher than the ruflies: from the middle whereof up to the toppes ofthem on each fide, come forth many fmall greene cods pointed at the ends Handing in cuppes like unto thofe of Cranes bill. The whole forme hereof doth fo neare refemble the true Spik- nard, as it hath beene obferved by Penn and others, who as he faith among a numher of bundles, found fome that had the parts both of fibres heads, rulhes, and leaves diftintlly, to be feene as this is here deferibed; that it is not to be doubted that it is a jpecies thereof. 2. Nnrdus five Spica Celticn. Mountaine F rench Spiknard. This Mountaine Spiknard creepeth upon the ground under the loofe leaves and moffe,&:c. with fmall long and hard (lender rootes (for fo I call them rather than (talkes, as fome others doe, bccaufe in thefe rootes confi- fleth the whole vertue and efficacy of the plant, and are by the belt Apothe¬ caries ufedonely in Mithridatum, &c. and no part elfe) covered with many (hort fmall dry leaves like feales: fending forth in divers pteces as it cree¬ peth and fpreadetb, here and there fmall blackifh fibres into the ground, whereby it is nourifhed : at the head whereof ftandfundry fmall buttons or heads, from whence fpring many fmall narrow, and fomewhat thicke fTreenc leaves, not divided or dented at all, fmalleft at the bottome, and broad toward the end, which change yellow in the end ofSummer, or beginning of Autumne : among thefe leaves rife up fometimes more, and fome- time but one (lender (hike, without any leaves thereon, at the toppe whereof (land many fmall whitifh flowers, like unto the fmaller forts of Valerian, every one on a (lender foote ftalkc : which afterwards bring fmall feed like unto them alfo : the whole plant is fweet and aromaticall, more than the Indian Spiknard, hotter alfo, and lharper in tafte, than either of the other. 3. Nnrdus Celticn niter a. Mountaine French Spiknard with tufted flowers. This other French Spiknard differeth in nothing from the laft but in the ftalke with flowers, which is branched at the toppe, bearing three or foure flowers in a tuft together, on the end of every fmall branch. Bnuhinus in his Prodromus fetteth forth another fort hereof like thereto in moft things, but that it is wholly without feent. 4. Snliuncn Neapolitan a five Nnrdus ex Apulin. Italian Spiknard. This fmall plant hath a thicker and yellow roote than the laft recited,fomewhat rugged, but not fcaly like it, and fomewhat relembling the garden Valerian, but lefie, having fibres at the bottome, and in divers other places at fe- vcrall fpaces, where it fliooteth forth alfo upwards divers heads or fmall knobs, and from them many fmall long leaves, fomewhat larger than the other, narrower likewife below, broader upwards and pointed at the endsjwhat flowers, ftalkes, or feed itbearethisnotexprefled : it hath the fweet feent of garden Valerian, and likewife the (harpe tafte thereof, and this is all is declared of it: but that they of Nnples ufe it in their medicines, in (lead of the Mnlnbnthrum of Diofcorides , for the excellent fweetnefle of the leaves. 5. Hirculus veterum Clusij, Vnfavory Spkinard. This fmall plant (being found dry amongft many bundles of Spica Celtica i or French Spiknard, by Clujittdn Antwerpe) is let forth to have a blackifh hairy roote, like unto it, but without any fmell at all,and fmaller,fhorter, and whiter leaves, rather grayilh, and of an afh-colour: it w r as found without any ftalke, andfo Diofcorides and Pliny fay it was found in their time : but theirs (as they fay) had a ftrong feent, but not fweet, and growing with it was uttered among the true; and by the fmell as well as colour and tafte was to be knowne from it; for it tooke the name r^yov or Hirculus , of the fmell thereof like unto that of a goat. 6. Nnrdus montanatuberofa. Knobbed mountaine Spiknard. This kinde of Valerian or Spiknard, call it which you will, hath his firft leaves lying on the ground, without any divifion in them at all, being fmooth and of a darke greene colour, which fo abide all the W inter : but thofe that fpring up upwards, when it runneth up to flower, are cut in on the edges, very like unto the jagged leaves of the great garden Valerian, andfo the elder they grow, the more cut and jagged they are : the ftalke and flowers are very like the ftalke with flowers ofthe garden Valerian, but ofa darke or deep red colour, and more (lore ofthem thruft together -.the feed alfo is not unlike it; the roote is tuberous or knobbed, both above and be'low, and round about nS Chap. 4,2. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tribe, i about it, with fome fibres (hooting from them, whereby it is encreafed, and fmelieth very like the roote of the garden Valerian, or Setwall, or not alto¬ gether fo ftrong, being greene,as when it is dry. 7. Nardus Montana longiori radice. Long tuberous Mountaine Spiknard. ' This other MountaineSpiknard or Valerian is very like the laft, but hath a longer round white roote, (hooting forth many long knobs, and fmall fi¬ bres underneath, which may be feparated,and grow for increafe ; it hath ma¬ ny fmall long and fomewhatdarke greene leaves likcir, but fmaller : the ftalkes are not above halfe a yard high, in any that I hKe otyerved, bearing Lome finer cut and divided leaves thereon than any below, two alwayes ftan- ding together at a Joynt; at the toppes (land reddifh flowers, thicke thruft together in an umbell like the other, which pafling away, leave fmall feed behind them naked upon the flalkes: the whole plant is of a faint weake feent, but the roote is much ftronger, and much more when it is dry, than when it is frcih and greene. The Place, The true Nardm is faid by Garcias to grow onely in India, whatfoever o- thers have faid thereof. The firfl here was found upon that pleafant high hil! in Narbone, called of the Trench, Uhort de 'Diets, and Dei paradtfus, botfvfor thepleafantnefleofit, and for the excellent hearbes that grow thereon, as Pena faith, in the moffy moift places thereof, facing the South and Mediter¬ ranean Sea, which is not farre from a fmall village called Gauge. The fecond is found upon the Alpes in Germany in divers places, as alfo of Liguria in great plenty, and fundry other places. The third is found on the fame hills and on others alfo. The fourth was found upon the Hills in Apulia, which are in the Kingdome of Naples. Thefift wasfeencasis aforefaid dry, but never feene growing greene : but that we may well conjecture,that it grew where the Trench Spiknard was gathered, as Diofcorides al(o and Plmy imagined. The fixth was found by Tena as he faith on the hills neare CMindemm, and on the hills of Veganittm : (flufius faith hee had it (rom Ferr antes Imperattts of Naples , and gathered from the hill Virgineo, The laft is likely, being a kinde of the other to bee found * in the fame places with the other. The Time, —, They all flower and flori(h in the Summer moneths of Iune, Iuly, and Auguft, Lome earlier or later than others? The Names, Nardm is called in Greeke NaccT©-, a Naardo urbe Cyriaca forte faith Lob el, Euphrati contermina & vapjbTctxvs cjtuiji Nardus (pica, and fo the Indian kmde is generally called Spica Nardi, and of fome Nardus Indica, foradi- ftindlion betweenc it and Celtica : The firfl of thefe Pena calleth Nardm Gangitis jpuria Narb-oa, both for thelike- neffe thereof unto the true Nardus Gangitis of Diofcorides • and that the next Towne of any note unto that Hill whereon it groweth, being about feven miles of, is called Gange • and by that name of Nardm Narbonehfs, and Nardm fpurta Narbonenfis , it is called by all other W riters. The fecond is called Nardus Qeltica of Diofcorides , and of all other W riters fince, and Cafalpinus following Pliny Nardum Cjalltcum. It is in fhops called Spica Celtica , and by the mod and beft, is judged to be the Saliunca that Virgil in his Bucolicks maketh mention of in thefe Verfes. Puniceis humilis quantum Saliunca Rofetis, Jtidicio nofiro } tantum tibi cedit Amyntas • in Englifh thus i As the Mountaine Spiknard unto the purple Rofe tree. So (iff judge) Amyntas yeelds to thee. And is thoughtby them alfo, that the name Myyta is corruptly put for in Diofcorides : for the Valefians call it in their tongne to this day Selliga, as favoring of Saliunca, as Pena faith alfo : yet CMatthiolm findeth fault with Fuchfus and Lemtcenm for taking them to be both tine; and the Germanes alfo, who were reckoned a part of the filtes,c2\\ it Sclittnckj. Some would have it called Nardm ligujlica, becaufc it groweth fo plentifully on the Alpes of Liguria , and yet CMatthiolm faith, that the Phyfitians of Genua which is a City in Liguria■, did not know it before his time, and that he had publilhed his Commentaries upon Diofcorides in the Italian tongue, which cau- fed many both Phyfitians and Apothecaries, to be more inquifitive into the knowledge of hearbes, than they were before. Some alfo following the Arabians doftrine and words call it Nardm, or Spica Romana, becaufe they call it in their tongue CambulRunimi, The third is called by Gamerarius in his Epitome upon Mattbiolus Spica Celtica fafiigiato forum ordine, by Ch&fittt Nardm Alpha feu Celtica , but Bauhinus maketh this of Clufius to be the former, when as Camerarim faith it is not the fame with Matthiolus and others, which is the firfl here, and Baabinus him- felfe calleth it Nardus (feltica altera. The other is remembred by (ordtts upon Diofcorides , and Bauhinus in his Pro- dromus and Pinex, and called by him Nardo Celtica f mills inodora, The fourth is called by Lugdunenfs Saliunca Neapolitana, by Tabermontamis Phtt minus Apulum,znd by Bauhinus Nardus ex Apulia. T he fifth as is before faid. Was thought by Clufius to be the Hirculus of Diofcorides, although it lmel not flrong as he faith his doth: Anguillara taketh it to be the Nardus Sampboritea of Diofcorides , although CMatthiolus findeth fauLt with him for that opini¬ on ; Cferard calleth it Vrinvvort in Englifh, whereunto it hath no correfpondence: fornothaving fmell or taftc, i t cannot have the properties olNardus, which hath both. Thefixt is generally called Nardus montana , and alfo thought By all Writers, to be Diofcorides his Nardus montana, notwithftanding hee faith it hath neither ftalkcnor flower, nor feed, for 'CMatthiolus freefh him from that fault, (firfl both becaule in the forepart of his owne deferip- tion 7.Hiirdut {Montana longiori tadice. Long Tuberous Mountaine Spiknard. The Theater of T fonts. Chaf.^^o lie? X RIB I. tion he faith it hath the ftalkeandftafe &f J Brynginm, and therefore could not be fo forgetfull, as Within two ot three lines to contrary his owne Writing) in laying the errout in the writers of his copy, m the fame manner as he let dovvne 'mDiBamnns, and is declared in the Chapter thereof going before: that is, tip". for profirt for cmfert it bcareth not, fot it profiteth not, the roote onely and no part elfe being to be ufed : as alfo that the leaves hereof doe not agree with the leaves of Sryngii'.m, wherein it is mod likely anerrour is committed alfo, in mif- writina and m’ldaking one word for another, for all other things agree fufticicntly thereunto. ‘Dwfceriies and Cja. ten fav alfo it Was called Thylacltis, becaufe it was brought out of Cilicia in leatherne bagges, which were called J an is iris, as it is in Diofioridcs copy, but called Pprius, as it is in Galen, becaufe it was ufed as a perfume in their facrifices. Banhimts, Camerarins, and others make two forts thereof, one that hath but one two or three round fmall rootes like unto Olives, which thereupon he calleth Nardus moatmtkradice olivari, and the other hee calleth W„Am mm Ain radio c oblonga, and Camcr arias Nardus momma Imguu radicata , when as it may be the place onely, where they naturally grow, that caufeth the difference of forme in the rootes, as it hapneth in Author*, Napellus, and many other tilings, too long here to recite 1 for being tranfplanted and manured, they grow much greater, and fomewhat alter that forme it formerly held in the naturall places, yet I have given yon the figures of both to fee the difference. . Tr > The Vertues. f - D iolcoricks faith that the true Indian Spiknard is of an heating nnd drying faculty, and that it pfdvoketh urine), It is profitable to (lay the loofeneife of the belly, and allfluxes both of men and women, and thin watry huffiours, bein° taken in drinke or applyed to the places affefted: being drunke with cold water, it is profitable to tllofe that havea loathing 0f their meate,or having fwellings or gnawings nt their ftomlcks, as alfo for them that are liver- erowne that have the yellow jaundife, or the done in the reines or kidneys. The decoftion ufed as a bath for wo¬ men to fit in or over it, taketh away the inflammations of the mother: It helpeth watering eyis by repreffing and Saving the humour,and thickning it alfo. Galon faith the fame things andaddeth withall,thatit dryeth up the fluxe of humours, both in the head and bread. It is an dpeciaU ingredient into Antidotes, againd poifon and venome, as Mithridatum,&c. There had need be caution taken in the tiling of it, for it often provoketh vomitings,being either put with Rubarbe, as fometimes it is appointed, or in other cordiall medicines: and therefore our London Phyfitians in their pharmacapaa, have appointed it to bee left out of many cordiall medicines. It is alfo vv ith great caution to be forbidden to women with child, becaufe it procure* them much difquiet, and may force their courfes beyond either their time or conveniency. Theoylemadethercofaccordingtoart. doth bothwarme thofe places that are cold make* the humours more fubtill that were thicke or congealed before, digedeth thofe that are crude and raw*and alfo moderately dryeth and bindeth thofe that were too loofeor fluxible : and hereby worketh powerfully, in all the cold griefes and windineffe of the head and braine.lof the ftomacke, liver, fpleene, reynes and bladder) and of the mother: being fnufted up into the nodrils, it purgeth the braines of much theume gathered therein, and caufeth both a good colour and a good favour to the whole body i Being deeped in wine for certaine dayes, and af^ ter diddled in Balnea calido .- the water hereofis of Angular effetf, for all cold indifpofitions of the members, ufed either inwardly or outwardly: far it comforseth the braine, helpeth to day thin didilhtions, and the cold paines of the head, as alfo all fhaking and paralitick griefes: it helpeth alfo in all fudden palfions of the heart,as faintings, and fwouninos ■ and for the collicke, two or three fpoonefnls thereof taken upon the occafion : The firft of theft which is the baftard kinde, being almod without fined ©r tade, doth declare it to bee of fmall vertue and efficacy s but the mountaine French Spiknard, is reckoned to be effeftuall, for all the purpofes that the true Spiknard ferveth for, but is weaker in operation ; and moreover by reafon itis fomewhat more heating and lelfc drying than it; ic is more pleafing to the domacke, and provoke* urine more effectually: the decoction thereof with Wormewood being drunke, helpeth thofe that are troubled with the fwellings and windineffe ofthe domacke, and being taken in wine is good for them, that are dung or bitten by any venemous creature. It helpeth alfo to diffolve all nodes and hard fwellings, and is profitable for the fpleene, reines, and bladder. It is alfo an ingredient ot no fmall effect in UMitbridatum ,and others ; and is ufed out wardly in oyles and oyntments, towarme and comfort cold griefes wherefoever they be. The Mountaine Spiknard is weaker *an the Celticke or French Spiknard, by the judgement ot'Diofcorides, Galen, and others. Chap. XLIIT. Valeriana, Valerian. [Here are many forts ofValerians to be remembred in this Chapter, fome naturall, others drangers to our Country ; and yet have beene free denizons in our gardens along time, others but of late. i. Phu majus five Valeriana major. The great Valerian. The great Valerian hath a thicke fhort grayifh roote, lying for the mod part above ground, fhooting forth on all Tides other fuch like fmall peeces ot rootes; which have all of them many long and great firings or fibres un¬ der them, in the ground, whereby it drawe* nourifhment: from the heads of thefe rootes fpring up many greene leaves, which at the firft are fomewhat broad and long, without any divifion at all in them,or denting on the edges! but thofe that rife up after, are more and more divided on each fide, fome to the middle ribbe, being winged, as made of many leaves together on a ftalke, and thofe upon the ftalke in like manner, are more divided, but fmallcc coward the toppe than below : the ftalke rifeth to be a yard high, or more, fometimes branched at the toppe, with many fmall whitiftj flowers, fometimes dafht over at the edges with a pale purplifli colour ; of a fmall feent which palling away, there £olloweth fmall brownifh white feed, thac is eafily carried away with the Winde; the roots fmelleth mere ftrong than either leafe or flower, and is likewife ol more ufe in medicine. There is a Mountaine kinde hereof, as C ame rarius faith, found in Savoy % which is more fwectfc* than this , even Altera of the fmell of a Pomecitron, but it is more fofc or gentle than ****** 2. Vdkmn 120 ‘Theatrum Botanicum. Chap. 43. 1. Pbit Wyu Jive Valeriana major. The grcac Valerian. Tribe |, 2 Valeriana Crctica tuber of a. Knobbed Valerian of Candy, 2. Valerian a Cmic a tuber ofa. Knobbed Valerian of Candy. This Valerian of Candy hath his firft leavesjthat fpringup and lie upon the ground round about the roote greene, thick, and round, like unto the leaves of Afarabacca , and l'ometimes greater; the next that come after them art fomewhat longer, and Come what divided or cut in on the edges, and thofe that follow more and more divided, to that thole that grow upon the ftalke, are very like unto the divided leaves of the former Valerian: the ftalke is hollow, and rifeth to be two foote high at the leaf, having here and there two fmaller leaves fet at ajoynt: at the toppe whereof, which is divided into fome lmaller branches, (land many white flowers in an umbell, thick thruft, fomewhat larger than thofe of the former, which turne afterwards into fmall and fiat feed with a little downe at the head of them, like thereunto alfo : the uppermoft roote from whence the leaves and ftalke doe fpring, is fmall round fhort and tuberous, from whence (Tioor forth round about it, divers other fmaller rootes, faftned thereunto by long firings, like as the rootes of FilipenduU are, the feent whereof is very like unto the former great Vale¬ rian. w 1 3 * Valeriana Alpha major Jive latifolia. Broad leafed wild Valerian of the Alpes. This wild Valerian hath many large and fomewhat round pale greene leaves, and in fome they will be yellowifti,' rifting from the roote, lying upon the ground round about •, every one having a long foote-ftalke thereunto, fome whereof are very like unto Ivie leaves, but leflfer and gentler, and others longer like unto the leaves of Canter¬ bury Bells, but lefier alio, and not fo hard j in fome a little dented, in others more dented about the edges, but not divided at all: the ftalke is round, and about a foote and a halfe high, in fome greene, in others fomewhat reddifh, having few leaves thereon, which are fmaller, longer, and deeper cut in on the edges, than any below, and at the toppe is branched, whereon Hand divers fmall purplifh flowers, like unto the other Valerians: after which come fmall feed like unto the reft : the roote is large, round, and whitifh, fet with divers knots or joynts, and long fibres under them, ofa reafonable good fmell, like unto wild Valerians, and of a bitterifh binding tafte. 4. Valeriana Alpha minor. Small wild Valerian of the Alpes. This final! Valerian hath foure or five fmall long, and fomewhat narrow leaves, with one or two dents onely ac the edges, lying on the ground next the roote, and arc fomewhat like unto the leaves of the great wild white Day- fie, elpecially thofe that growhigheft, and are the fmalleft, but with fewer dents or notches about the edges: the ftalke rifeth not up above a foote high, having very few leaves thereon, which are fmaller, longer, and narrower than thofe below, with as few dents or notches on the fides as the other : the toppe of the ftalke is divided into a fevv fmall branches, on every of which grow a few white flowers, like unto the Valerians, but fmaller: the roote is fmall, and creepeth a little under ground, fending forth fibres, but no lefle fweet than the former. y. Valeriana annua Jive cvEjliva Clttsip, Summer Valerian. This annuall Valerian, hath divers long leaves lying on the ground, all of them deepely cut in or gafhed on the cages, fomewhat like the leaves of the Starre Thiftle^ among which rife up round hollow ftalkcs, two or three foote Tribe, i. The Theater of TlmtSi Chap.4?» 121 ?. Valeriana annua five feftiva Cius'fi Summer Valerian, foote high, with fome leaves growing theteon, two alwayes fee together at a j'oynt, as in the other Valcrians, but fmaller and more divided than the lower ; branching forth towards the top, on the which hand many flpwers fet together in tufts, being fmall and long, divided at the brimmes into five parts, making a (hew of flowers, confiding offive leaves a piece, fomewhat like unto the flowersofthe Indian Valerian next following, and are of a pale red or flefh colour, which afterwards bring fmall feed, like unto the red Valerian of Dodomm-, the root is fmall, white, and wooddy, but perifheth every yeare; this hath a fmall weake feent of Valerian. 6 . Valeriana India Jive CMextcana. Indian Valerian. The Indian Valerian groweth quickly into a ftalke, from the firfl leaves that fpring up, which are but few next the ground, fomewhat long and broad, fomewhat like unto the firfl: leaves of the Mountaine Spiknard, ofa pale greene colour; the ftalke is Weake and hollow, not Handing upright, but leaning or bending downewards, fet with joynts, at the which ftand two long leaves, like unto thofe below, but a little more cut in or divided at the edges, and at the joynts likewife fhoot forth two branches, fometimes on each fide one, and fometimes but one branch on the one fide, which are divided, and at the toppes of them doe beare many flowers, fet thicke together in an umbel! or tuft, each whereof is fomewhat long, ana endethin five divifions; two of the uppermoft whereof are broader and fhorter than the reft, o- ther two hangdowneas labels or lips, and the fiFe is the greateft handing in the middle, in fome plants ofa deepe red,or purple be¬ ing in bud, and of a pale purple colour being open, and in others milke white; each of thefe ftandeth in a fmall greene huske, wherein after the flower is fallen,the feed groweth, which huske openethitfelfe,andfheddcththefeedonthe ground, when it is through ripe, if it be not carefully tended and gathered, which is Tbeatmm Botanicum, Tribe i Chap. 43. 6. Valerian Indica five Mcxicafla, Indian Valerian. _ v fpongy, rounder, bigger, and blacker than any of the former Valerians, without any downe at the end of them: the roote is fmall and ftringy, perilling every yeare with the firft frofts: the whole plant is utterly without any fmell, in all that I have feene, and almoft without tafte likewife. 7. Valeriana rubra angufiifolia. Narrow leafed red Valerian. This fmall red Valerian is very like unto the greater red Va- , lerian fet forth in this & my former Book, but differeth chiefly ^in the fmalnefle, being lower, and the leaves long, and very narrow, very like unto the leaves of Line or Flaxe, but not fo long, harder or rougher in handling than they, and end¬ ing in a point: the flowers are of a pale red, like unto them for forme,being long, but fmaller than they, and having as lit- tie feent to commend them. 8. Valeriana Petraa . Rocky Valerian. This fmall Valerian hath divers leaves lying upon the ground,fome of them little or nothing divided, others as much cut in, and gafhed on the edges, as any ofthe other Valerians, but they are nothing fo great; the ftalke is branched at the toppe, carrying tufts of purplifh flowers, but fmaller : the feed that followeth is fmaller, without any downe at the head, but in dead thereof ithath little skins, as it were at the ends, divided in five parts, making them feeme like a Starre, much like unto the toppes of the feed of Scahions: the roote is fmall and fibrous, having a fmall feent of Valerian, as the leaves and flowers have alio. 9. Valeriana minor annua. Small Valerian of a yeare. This fmall Valerian hath the firft and lower leaves fome- what round and dented, but the other that follow, and grow upon the ftalke, are divided like unto other Valerians, the flowers are fmall and purplifh , which are followed by fmall feed that is blowne away with the winde, the roote is fmall and threaddy, perifhing every yeare. « 10. Valeriana minima. Small Valerian. This little Valerian is very like unto the fmall wildc Vale¬ rian, but much fmaller, having the leaves much divided like thereunto: the ftalkcs are not above halfe a foot high, bearin" tufts of fmall purplifh flowers: the rootes are long and fmall, with fmall white threads or fibres, fmelling like unto the fmall wild Valerian. ... . There are fome other hearbes fet forth by Lobel and others for Valerians, which in my judgement have fo little refemblance thereunto, that I have not thought good to ranke them in their Tribe, but referre them to others, the one is called Pbyteuma f JMon(peJienfium : the other Phu minimum alterum ,which ‘Dodanaus calleth ^Alburn olus^vaA generally is called of mod, Lattucaagnina lambcs lettice , or Come Sallet; which I have mentioned among the kindes of Lettice in this and my other Booke. 11. Valeriana rubra Dodon&i, Red Valerian- This Valerian hath divers hard, but brittle whitifh greene ftalkcs rifing from the roote, full of tuberous or fwei- ling joynts, whereat ftand two leaves on each fide one, and now and then fome fmalL leaves trom betweene them, which arc fome what long and narrow, broadeft in the middle, and fmall at both ends, without either divifion or dent on the ed^es, of a pale greene colour : the ftalkes are three or foure foote high, branched at the toppes, at the ends whereoftland many flowers together, fomewhat like unto the flowers of the ordinary Valerian, but with longer neckes, of a fine red colour, but without any feent of Valerian : after the flowers have flood blowne a good while, they fuddenly fall away, and the feed which is fmall and naked, with a little tuft of downe at the toppe thereof, whereby it is eafily carried away with the wind, ripeneth quickly after: the roote is great, thicke, and white, continuing long, and (hooting out new branches every yeare. 12, Valeriana Cjrnca, Greeke Valerian. The Greeke Valerian hath many winged leaves lying on the ground,fomewhat like unto the wilde Valerian that groweth by the ditch fides,but more tender and fmall,among which rife two or three round hollow brittle ftalkes, two or three foote high, whereon are fet at the joynts fuch like leaves as grow below, but fmaller, the toppes of the ftalkes are divided into many fmall branches full of flowers, each confifting of five fmall round pointed leaves, of a faire bleake blue colour in fome plants, and in others white, with fome white threads tipt with yellow pen¬ dents in the middle : after the flowers are paft, there come up in their places fmall hard heads, containing fmall blackifh feed: the roote is compofed of a number of fmall long blackifh threads, without any feent of a Vale¬ rian. 13. Valeriana Jy he fir us. Wild Valerian. This wild Valerian hath fundry winged leaves fpringing from the roote, whereof the end leafe is the largeft, of a fad greene colour, without any dents on the edges, the ftalke hath two fuch like leaves at a joynt as grow below, but fmaller, and at the toppe branched, with fundry Imall whitifh purple flowers, but deeper than the Garden Va¬ lerian, the roote is a bufli of blackifh threads and ftrings, which fend forth firings of encreafe, befide3 that the ldw- - er branches doe fhoot forth fibres alfo. Of this kinde there fs accounted a greater and a Idler. • The ill'. .'* 1 ! J w R I B E I* * The Place . The firft is faid by T) iofcorides to grow in Font us, it is found in the wet grounds of Mountaines, and in other moift places, it is generally kept in our gardens. The fecond grew in Candy, and was fent by Honorius Hello* from thence unto Clupus. The third groweth on the Mountaines o i Auflria and -Syria - and lo doth the fourth alfo, as Qof us faith he had from Plateau, but recordeth not from whence he had it. The fixth is laid to come from Mexico a Province in the Weft-Indies, it came into thefe parts firft from Italy , and as Bauhinus faith, that which beareth purple Bowers, groweth (as he was given to undcrftand) in the Country of Latium, or of the Latines in a place there called Siculus, and from thence was called of (omc Valeriana Sicuh, and that with the white flower in the Country of the Sabines. The feventh was gathered on CMons Baldus. The eighth Fabius Columna found on the Mountaines in the Kingdome of Naples. The ninth groweth in garden onely with thofe that are curious, the natu- rall place being not knowne. The tenth Lobel faith groweth about Mompelier in France . The eleventh and twelfth in our gardens chiefly, for we know not the naturall places of them. The laft two forts grow in many Marfhes and wet Medowes by Rivers and water (ides in our owne Country. The Time. They doe all flower in the Summer moneths of Iune and Iuly,& the Indian kinds if they be fet early,will flower berime^, and continue flowring untill the frofts pull it downc, and fo doth the Summer or annuall kind alfo. The Names. It is called in Greeke *5 Phu, and v*?F©- ay ft a, Nardos agrejlis, or fylvejlris, becaufe it is in fmell and faculty like unto TJardus, in Latine Valeriana, a mult is cjuibus valet facultatibus. Some alfo call it Thericana, becauie it is an efpeciall ingredient into Treaklc, and herb a Bencditta, of Paracelfus it is called Terdina. The firft is generally tailed, both in lhops and of all other, Phu majus, and Valeriana major hortenjis: in Englifh the great garden Valeri¬ an, and of fome Capons tayle, and Setwall: but Set wall properly is Zedoaria, an Out-landifh rootein the Apothe¬ caries fhops, which never was knowne to grow in any of thefc Chriftian Countries. The fecond is called by Bellus, Nardos ( retica, becaufe the rootes have the fmell of Nardos, (but the whole face of the hearbe, as hee faith him- felfe, is moft properly like a Valerian) as all the fweet Valerians are more or iefle. The third is called by C lupus Va¬ leriana fylvejlris Alpina prima latifolia, and is the Valeriana Alpina prima , and alfo the Valeriana Alpina Scropholariee folio of Bauhinus, deferibed in his Prodromal both which as hee himfelfe faith, are comprehended under this of (flufiks : and is alio the fame that Pilleterius fent from CMompelier, unto Lobel h\ his life time, under the name of Valeriana montana , which I doe here publifh, and it is probable to’be the Valeriana montana of Lugduncnjis, although Baohinsufecmeth to make it an other peculiar fort. The fourth is called by Clujius Valeriana fylvejlris Al¬ pina fecunda fax at ilis , which Bauhinus calleth Valeriana Alpina TJardo Celtica fimilis. The fifth is called by Clufos Valeriana annua five ts£jliva, and Bauhinus calleth it Valerianafolijs Calcitrapa. The fixth is generally now called Valeriana Mextcana, and Indie a : notwithftanding as is before faid, they have beene both found growing naturally in Italy ; and as Bauhinus faith Fafchalss Cjalius lent him that with the white flower, from padoa many yeares agoe, under the name of Valeriana Indica Imperati ; and againe from Cafabon under the name of Nardos Cretica : (form- pis did judge it to be Tripolium of Diofcorides, and was chiefly led thereunto, by the figure of Tripolitim, which he faw in a Manufcript of T>iofcorides, which Tinellus kept in his Library. The feventh Bauhinus onely hath fet forth the defeription thereof,under the fame name is exprefted in the titlc.1 he eighth Fabius Columna, calleth Valerianella altera tenuifoliafemine fcabioft fellato. Tabermontanns calleth it Phu minus pet return, and Bauhinus Valerianella fe¬ rn inefle Hat o % The ninth hath no other than is fetdownein the title. The tenth Lobel calleth Thu minimum, and Bauhinus Valeriana fylvejlris folijs tenuijpme divifis. The eleventh is taken to be Polemonij altera Jpecics by Gefnerin horiis , and faith it is the Limonium (JMonJpelienfmm, but Todonaus contrarieth that opinion, Lobel calleth it Ocima- Jlrum p'alerianthou: D odoneus, Camcrarius ^znd others Valeriana rubra, and ufually with us, Valeriana rubra Do- don&i, yet Camcrarius in his Epitome calleth it Thu peregrinum. The twelfth is called Valeriana Graca by Dodo-nans, and fo generally with us and others, Lobel and Camcrarius Valeriana peregrin a, and Bauhinus Valeriana carulea. The laft is ufually with moft called Valeriana palujlris^nd fylvejlris, The Arabians call it Fu : the Italians Valeriana : the Spaniards Yervx benedict a fthe Freneh Valeriane: thcGermancs Baldrian i and Theriacki krant: the Dutch Speercrudt,and we in Englifh as is before faid. The Vcrtucs. Diofcorides faith that the garden Valerian hath a warming faculty, and that being dryed and given to drinke, it provoketh urine, and helpeth theftrangury, and the decoftion thereof taken doth the like alfo, and doth take away paines of the fides, procureth womens courfes, and is nfed in Antidotes. Cjalen faith that the rootes of Phu or Va¬ lerian are fweet, and like unto Nardos in quality, but much weaker to all purpofes almoft, yet it provoketh urine more plentifully, than either the Indian or Syrian Nardos, and is like unto Celtick Nardos therein. Tliny faith that the powder of the roote given in drinke, or the decoftion thereof taken, doth helpe all ftranglings or choakings in any part, whether they be becaufe of paines in the cheft,or fides, and takeththem away. The roote of Valerian boy- led with Liquorice, Raifins, ond Anifeed, is fingular good for thofe that are fhort-winded, and for thofe that are troubled with the cough, and helpeth to open the paflages, and to expettorate fiegme eafily. It is given to thofe that are bitten or ftung by any venemous creature, being taken in wine: it is of efpeciall vertue and property againft the plague, the decoflion thereof drunke, and the roote being ufed to fmell unto : it helpeth alfo to expell the wind in the belly. The greene hearbe with the roote taken frefh, being bruifed and applyed to the head, taketh away the paines and prickings therein, ftayeth rheumes and thin diftillations, and being boyled in white wine, andadrope thereof put into the eye, taketh away the dimnefle of the fight, or any pinne,haw,or webbe therein.lt is of excellent property to heale any inward fores or wounds, as alfo for outward hurts or wounds, and draweth any fplinter or thorne out of theflefb. The deco&ionofthe roote of the letter Valerian, is ftronger torefift poifonsand infections than the greater, as Matthiolus faith. It is very profitably applyed to attwage the fwellings of the cods, caufed of cold or ofwinde, if the fumes or vapours of the decoCtion thereof, made with wine, be applyed warme unto them. The water diftilled from the greater Valerian both hearbe and roote, in the moncth of May, is fingular good to be taken fading for all the purpofes aforefaid,and is a good and fafe medicine in the time of the plague ; it killeth alfo the vvormes in the belly, and is fingular good to wafti either greene wounds, or old ulcers. 1 1 is generally called in the Countries of this Land, the poore mans remedy, to take the decodion of this root and drinke!:, when by taking cold Tribe, i. The Theater of Tldnts. Chap. 44 .. nj cold after fweating,or over-heating their bodies, they be troubled with the cholicke or winde, or are otherwaies diftempered: or toaife the greene hearbe bruifed and laid to any cut or wound, or to draw out any thorne or fplin- ter, and heale it after. Chap. XLIIII. Conyza. Fleabane. Iofcorides fetteth forth three forts of Conyzi t or Fleabane, a greater and a letter, and a third which is be- tweeneboth. Theophraflns and TUny that folio weth him, make but two forts, a male and a females others have a'dded a fourth, the lead of all : bnt there are divers other hearbes referred unto thenfby Clnfius and others, as they have found them in their travels; fome of thefe forts are found wild in our Country in fome places,but becaufethey are not very frequent to meet with, Ithinkeitnot amilfe to rankethem with the reft of their Tribe in this place. 1. Cwyxania)orveTior Diofcoricks* The trucft great Flcab.inc. 1. Gonyza major verier Diofioridif.The trueft great Fleabane. This great Conyza which is accounted the trueft and nea¬ red unto that of Diofcorides, hath divers hard rough, or hairy round wooddy (hikes, tWo or three foote high ; whereon are placed without order, many long and l'omewhat narrow pale greene leaves, dented a little about the edges, very clam¬ my as theftalkeis alfo, but much more in the hotter Coun¬ tries, than in this, and are fomewhat like unto the leaves of the Italian Starrewort, but larger, and more pointed at the ends: towards the toppes of the (hikes come forth at every joynt with the leaves a yellow flower, fomewhat large, like unto the flower of Hawkweed or Eroundfell; which when, itis fall ripe.turneth into downe, and flyeth away with the^ feed : the fmell hereof is fomewhat ftrong, but fomewhat fweet withall, and not loathfome : and isifo glutinous and clammy, that what fmall thing foever as Flyes, See. lighteth upon it, is held thereon. a. Coryza major montatm Germttnka. Great Mountaine Fleabane of Germany. This kinde of Conyza hath divers round greene ftalkes, a- bout two foote high, nothing fo clammy as the former,having many long pointed leaves fet thereon without order, of a fad or darke greene colour, each whereof is foure or five inches long, and an inch and a halfe broad: the flowers are yellow, fomewhat larger than the other, every one standing at the toppes of the branches,upon a long ftalke,in the lame manner that the former doe, that is with a pale or border of leaves, and many fmall thrums in the middle, palling into downe 3 _ and is carryed away with the winde, even as they doe.There timpfoUi is another of this fort with longer leaves,and Idler flowers. 3. Coryza He [emtio mellita incana. Hoary Iweet Fleabane Mullet. This Fleabane Mullet rifeth up with divers long and fome¬ what broad leaves,neare unto the forme of Fox-glove leaves, but that thefe are hoary or f gray on the upperfide, and of a brownifh greene on the underfide, herein fomewhat like unto the leaves of RbaHeleniy folio, or Ballard Rubarbe with Elecampane leaves: the ftalkes are hoary likewife,riling to be two or three foote high,fet withthe like leave* as grow below, but fmaller and finaller up to the toppes,- where many flowers Hand together, like unco the former Fleabanes, and much greater than Groundfell, which turne into downe and flie away with the winde: the roote is compofedofmanyblackifli firings and fibres, whereby it takethfaft hold of the ground, the whole plant is fome¬ what clammy, yec much lelle than the firff, and much fweeter than it. Label giveth us the figure of another fort, whofe chiefe difference confifteth in that the leaves are jagged or ent in on the edges. 4. Coryza Helefiitis pilofa. Hairy Fleabane Mullet. This Fleabane is both in forme of leaves and flower, and other things fo like the laft recited Fleabane Mullet, that there is no other difference to be found ; bnt in that both leaves and ftalkes are befides the hoarineffe,more hairy and rough than it, which caufeth it to be held as a differing fort. y. (fonyzamontanapilofa . Hairy Mountaine Fleabane. This kind of Fleabane is alfo a differing kind from the laft,in that the leaves as well as the ftalkes, wfiich are round, firme, a foote high or more, are hairy and rough, being fmaller than the former, and not much bigger than the leaves of Hifope, but as glutinous and clammy (which may be by reafon of the hot climate wherein it gro weth) a3 thefirft, of a ftrong virulent feent like to the fmell of a Goat: at the toppes of each of thefe ftalkes, which arema- ny,ftandeth one final! pale yellow flower, fomewhat like unto the flower of a' Sow-tbiftiej which turneth inro M L 3' dbwrWj I j: * It ' :®rf M \%6 Chap. 44. Theatrum Botanicum. RIBE U I Kill iti II if.- Cony^a majormontana Germanica. Great Mouncaine Fleabane of Germany, 5 . Cony \a He/enitis mclh- a incana. Hoary fwcct Flcibanc Mullet. downe,and is carried away with the winde as all the reft are: therooteis blackifh without, but white within, hard, dry andwooddy, of an harfh tafte, aftringent or binding ; the whole plant elfe is fomewhat bitter, with a little acrimony alfo to be tailed therein- 6 . ConyzA odorata c&rulea. Sweet purple Fleabane. From a fhort whitilh root with many fibres thereat,fpring- eth up many finall fhort leaves, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the garden Daifie,but fomewhat writhed : among which rifeth upaftalketwo foot high fometimes, brownifh at the bottome, fet here and there up to the toppe with lon¬ ger and narrower leaves, where it is divided into fmall and ftiort branches; whereon (land many dowers, one above an¬ other, in fmall skaly greene heads or huskes, compofed of many fmall and narrow bluifh purple leaves , fomewhat white at the ends or tippes, with a fmall yellow fiat thrum in the middle, and in the middle thereof, there rifeth up divers white threads, whereby each flower confiding of three co¬ lours, white,purple, and yellow, maketh itfeeme the more dcleftable to the Spectators : after thefe flowers are paft, there commeth in thofe huskes or heads that held them, fmall long feed lying in the downe, each having fome thereof at the head, which together therewith is blowne abroad with the winde, if it be not gathered and kept: the whole plant is of a fharpe tafte, but the roote much more, almoft as much as pepper, and of a ftrong but not unpleafant feent. 7. Coryza carulea Alpina major. Great blue Mountaine Fleabane. The roote of this Fleabane is fmall, woddy, and reddiTb, from whence rifeth a thicke hairy (hike, about a foote high, divided at the halfe way into three fmall branches, each whereof hath other fmall ftalkes, and one flower at the head ofthem. which is of a purplifb blue colour, like unto the laft. Xribe I. TheT heater of Plantes. C HAP.4.4., \%j laft, and likewife taming into a downy matter,eafie to be carryed away with the winde: the leaves on the ftalkes are thinly fet thereon, being hairy thicke, long and narrow, about three or foure inches in length, and about an inch in breadth. 8 . Cony XjA aruls a Alpina minor. Small blue Mountaine Fleabane, This fmall plant is fcarfe an hand breadth high, and fometimes lower, having a fmall round (lender ftalke, fome- what hairy, whereon groweth onely one bluifti flower; like unto the greater kinde of Mountaine Fleabane, but three times (mailer, with many threads in the middle (lying away with the wind, when it is ripe as the other: it hath many fmall leaves at the bottome o f the ftalke, and the toppe of the roote, which are of a pale greene colour, and about three inches long, but (liorter as they grow higher upon the ftalke, every one having a Chart foote-ftalk* at the bottome thereof: the roote is felackilh and fibrous. 9. Conyza minor veraPen*. Tbc rrueft fmail Fleabane, g. Conyza minor vera Pern. The trileft fmall Fleabane. The little Heabaneis feldome found with more than one ftalke riling from the roote, which is a foote and a halfe, or fometimes two foote high,and fome¬ times lower than a foote, fomewhat hairy and clammy alio, but gteener than the great kinde, as the leaves are alfo, which are long,narrow, and fat or clam- my* fomewhat like unto the leaves of Linar to or T^ade-flaxe, fet thereon up to the top, where it fometimes brancheth forth, or from the midd'e thereof up¬ wards ; with the fmall leaves come fmall pale yellow flowers, like unto the great kinde, which turne into downe, and are blowne away with the winders the others are, the roote is fmall andflender, with a few fibres thereat, but the whole plant fmelleth Tweeter than moft of the former, and dyeth every yeare, and either raifeth it felfe of its owne fowing , or muft bee new fowne every yeare. 10. Conyza minor Ranveolfij. Small Syrian Fleabane. The fmall Syrian Fleabane hath many fmall low branches about afoot or more high, whereof few ftand upright, the moft of them leaning or lying downe up¬ on the ground, and taking roote againe,in feverall places as they lye; the leaves that are fet thereon are fmall and long, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the Olive tree, being fat or clammy, and hairy alfo, of a ftrong feent, yet fomewhat fweet withall: the toppes of the ftalkes are garnifbed with fmall yellow flowers like unto the laft, which when they are ripe flye away with the winde ias they doe. There are other forts of Fleabanes which becaufe they grow in moorifti watery, or wet places, (hall be remem- bred hereafter among the marfhy or watry plants. The ‘place. The firft groweth naturally onely in the warmer Countries of Spaine, Italy , Narbone of France, and the iikje, and will hardly endure the eoldofthefe Countries, and therefore muft be carefully kept in the Winter, if any would have it. The fccond is familiar to Cjermony, and therefore will better abide, having beenc found by Joannes Tholins and others in Hanyniajylva in Saxony, and we in many places of our owne land, as toward Hampfted^&c. The third and fourth Lobel faith were found upon the hills in Artois. The fifth was found by c JMyconus on high hills in Syaine. The fixth is found in divers places in the Kingdome of Naples , in moift fields that are in the Mountaines, as Cotumna faith, as alfo in the fand pits or places, neare the River of Rbofne by Lions in France , and the Alpes in An- firin y zs Clujiits faith. The feventh was found on Saint Bernards Mount in Switzerland • and the eight on the Hill of Saint Got bard, as Rauhiniss faith in his Prodromes , The ninth, groweth not farre from Madrill in Spaine t as Clu- fins faith, as alfo in the woods of Cjrammts neare Mompelier, as both he and Lobel fay. The laft Ranwolfins found growing about Tripoly in Syria . The Time. They doc all flower in the Moneths of Iune,Iuly, and Auguft, fome earlier or later than others; the firft and the ninth for the moft part flower lateft. The Names. Tt is called in Greeke vow?*, and in Latine alfo Conyzafic forte ditto, quia Kcbvaoras, id efl cnliccs fno lentore capiat y becaufe as is faid in the Defcription, the glutinous ciamminefle both of leaves and ftalkes, holdeth faft whatsoever falleth upon them, yet Diofcorides faith it is fo called, becaufe Sujfitn vel Subfiratn culices obigit & cnliccs necot. (fiaza tranflateth it Pnlicaria, and we in Englifh Fleabane accordingly, becaufe being burnt or laid in Chambers, ic Will kill Gnats,Fleas,or Serpents, as Tiofcorides faith, and not Flea wort, for that is anothor hearbe as fhall bee fhewed in his place. The firft is the trueft great Conyza of Diofcorides, by the judgement of Camerarius fiD odon&ns y Lobel, Pena, Lugdnnenfis ,and others. The fecond Johannes Thallus y as I faid, firft called Conyza major montana y who hath alfo another which he ca\\eth.major altera, both of them being very like one unto another, whereof Ca~ merarius in hort. fetteth out the figure, and Bauhinus thereupon calleth it Conyza montana hitea folijs oblongs. The 3 „ of both forts and 4.are fo called,as they are in their titles,by Lobel in his Dutch Hearball,be£aufe the feent of them is not ftrong like the other Conyzas , but fweet like Honey. The fifth is called by Lugdnnen(is C onyza montana My coni 2 and Batihinns Conyzdmontanafolqsglntinofis pilofis. The fixt is called by divers Conyza odorata , as Lngdnnenfis faith, and of Colnmna Amelins montanns , becaufe hee faith it is fo like unto the Amelins fiirgilij. Gefiner in bis booke De • Collettione Stirpium , and Cordns alfo, calleth it (fonyzoides c&rnlca, Tabermontanns Conyza carnica • it is called alfo < Z>f»^/^/^oftbeeffedtocure the toothach. Banhinns calleth it Conyzacaruleaacris, and faith it is the fame that Dodonatts in his French Booke calleth Brigernm tertinm, and in his Latine Booke Erigernm quartern : but Vodonans in thofe places maketh no mention of any blue or purple colour in that Brigernm, but onely faith it hath a pale yel¬ low flower, fo quickly fading, that it abideth not a day, but even almoft the fame houre that it is blowne, it doth- Udr, ft' | 4 |i! ' ’ l[|Jl | til Jj| fill t! h : in I jri Ml liu" [MI s ■ T c HAP. 4.5. Theatrum Botanicum . RIBE, I fade, which I am Cure this Amelins doth not* and is not wholly yellow, as that of Tiothmuas is. The feventh'and ci"ht Bauhinm calleth Conyza c&ruleaAlpina major & minor, The 9.is called Coryza minor vera, both by Pem y CluJius 9 Gefncr,Sc others, becaiife it diftereth from the more common fort.The lafl; P.auxrolftus referreth to the Conyza minor ot'Diofcorides, which CluJittj rather thinketh is a ftecies of his greater kinde, yet Baubinus calleth it £°nyza major altera , and quoteth both Rauwolftus and C tafias to call it Conyza major Diofcoridis. The Italians call it Conyza : the Spaniards Attadegua ; the French Conyza : the Germancs Hundfang and ‘Durwurtz : the Dutch Donderwortcl, The Verities. The leaves of Fleabane as Diofcorides faith, are fitly applyed to the bytings or hurts of all venemous creatures, as alfo for pufhes and fmall fwellings, and for wounds: the leaves and flowers boyled in wine and drunke, is good to bring downe womens courfes, and to helpe to expell the dead child : taken alfo in the fame manner, it is good to procure urine, or when one maketh it by drops: it helpeth alfo thofe thathavc the yellow jaundife, and the gri¬ ping paines of the belly: it is alfo good for the falling ficknefle, taken in vineger: the decodion isgood to helpe many griefes of the mother, if women be bathed therewith, or fit therein : it the juyee bee put into the Matrix it caufethaborcement, that is to be delivered before the time: the oyle made of the hearbe, and annoynted, is very effectual I to take away all fhaking fits of agues, and thofe tremblings that come of cold. The fmall kinde helpeth the paines in the head. Galen faith that both the greater and the letter arc hot and dry in the third degree, and there¬ fore powerfully warmeth any place whereunto they are applyed, whether ufed of themfelves, or boyled in oyle, and anoynted ; the leaves bruited and bound to any grecne wound or cut, being firft well wafhed or cleanfed, hea- leth in a fhort (pace : applyed alfo to the foies of the feete,it ftayeth any laske or fluxe, and bound to the forehead is a great helpe to cure one of the frenfie : it openeth the obfttu&ions of the liver, if the decoftion thereof made in wine be drunke : If either Goats or Sheepe eate hereof it will kill them by any extremity ofthirft, The letter is effecluall to all the purpofes aforefaid, but is more power full to helpe any fluxe, or the bloody fluxe. The fixth as is faid before, helpeth the toothach. Chap. XLV. After. Starrewort. I He likenefle in many things that the Starreworts have with the Fleabancs, enforceth me to place them 7 next thereunto, whereof we have fuch a number, as well of thofe that were formerly knowne to ma- 1 ny, as thofe which our later times have made knowne to us, and from VirguniayNexo-England^ c. have come not the lead ftore unto us. And although Diofcorides hath fet forth but one kind, which he calleth After At tic us of the place no doubt, where it grew moll plentifully, or was of greater force, which was the Country of Athens, yet later Writers having found out divers other hearbes, fomewhat like unto it, have referred them thereunto; all which I meane in this Chapter to declare unto you. x.Afttt Atticu s late tavern. The true After Attick, or yellow Scar«orc. I. After Atticus luteas vents. The true After Attick, or yellow Starrewort. This Starrewort rifeth up with two or three rough hairy ftalkes, a foote and a halfe high, with long rough or hairy brownifh darke greene leaves on them, divided in¬ to two or three branches: at the top of every one where¬ of ftandeth a fiat fcaly head, compafled underneath with five or fixe long browne rough greene leaves, Handing like a Starre, the flower it felfc (landing in the middle thereof, is made as a border of narrow long pale yellow leaves,fet with brownilh yellow thrums, the rootdyeth every yeare after feed time. 2. After cernuus Column*. The foft Starrewort of Naples . The foft Starrewort is very like unto the former yel¬ low Starwort, but that the leaves hereof are fomewhat broader, larger, and not fo rough or hairy, the fialke is in like manner branched toward the toppe, which is not flenderer there than below, but groweth thicker where the flower ftandeth, and bendeth downeward ; on the toppe of every branch ftandeth one flower, fomewhat like the other, confifting of many yellow leaves, with brownilh threads or thrums in the middle, and compaf- fed about with many more greene leaves, which are foft and gentle in handling, and not prickly or rough as the o- ther : the feed is hitter in tafte, long and norrow, fome¬ what flat withall, yellowifh, clammy, crefted, and fweet in fmell : the root is compofed of divers bigge yellow- ilh ftrings,of an aromaticall tafte. 3. AfterfupinHt. Low creeping Starwort. This low Starwort rifeth up with many (lender weake crefted, and fomewhat hairy ftalkes, leaning downe- wards, and not Handing upright; whereon are fet many long. Tribe ^flcrfupuius. Low creeping Starreworc. Ion" and narrow leaves, a little round at the toppe, very like unto the former, but fmaller and greener up to the toppe ; every (lalke beareth one fiower which is yellow and large, like unto the flower of a corne Marigold, contained in a very hard huske,made of fmall greene leaves, which after the flower is paft, becommeth folrard and wooddy that one can fcarce open or breake it, to take out the feed which lyeth clofe flicking therein ; the roote is long and (len¬ der, having a few fibres fet thereat, and abideth divers ycares, if it be a little defended from the extremity of Winter. 4. After luteus major Auftriucut. Great yellow Starrewort of Auftria. This Starwort hath many long and narrow leaves, of a pale ^ greene colour at the ground,fomewhat like unto the leaves ofthat 1 kind of Scabious, that is called Divels bit,whofe leaves are not;ag 4 gedatall, but are fometimes covered with a little dovvne, the} (lalke is about two foote high, brownifh and round , whereon are \ fet fparfedly long narrow pointed leaves, a little dented about the* edges, at the toppe whereof it is divided into a few fmall and fhortbranches, every one bearing a large yellow flower, compo- fed of many fmall flowers, confiding of five leaves apeece, fet to-/ gether in a round head, compaffed about with many long, fome- what broad and flat leaves, ofamoft excellent yellow colour, ofa . weake feent or none at all: after the flower is pall, the feed is con¬ tained in the heads, cornered as if it were three fquare, lying di- fperfed in a downy fubftance : the roote is fomewhat thicke and blackifh, growing aflope in the ground, fending forth many firings,& (hooting forth many heads, wherby it may be encreafed. y, After montatmsfolijt Salicis. Starwort with Willow leaves. This Starwort from a long creeping roote, wonderfully fprea- ding under ground, and encreafing: fhooteth up divers crelted ftrong greene ftalkes, two foot high, plentifully ftored with leaves thereon, being longer, harder, and greener than the lad, without any do wne or woollinefle on.them, and a little dented about the edges, fomewhat fharpe and hot in tafte: the toppes of the ftalkes are divided into two or three fmall branches, each fuftaining divers (mail greene heads, compofed of many fmall leaves fee together, one about another, which in time open themfelves into flowers, of as large a fizeas thelaft,but with a fmaller thrum in the middle, and nar¬ rower leaves compacting them, parted or divided at the end. 6 . After luteus lanuginofus, Starwort with woolly leaves. This woolly Starwort hath divers fmall and ftrong greene or browne ftalkes, fomewhat woolly, rifing from the roote (whichis fpead under ground, and faftned with many longand ftrong fibres, (hooting yearely new fprouts for encreafe, but nothing fo much as the laft) befet without order, with many long and narrow greene leaves, bowing to the ground, and covered over with a foft woolly downe, comparing the ftalkes at the bottome of them; of a fharpe hot tafte, and fomewhat bitter: at the toppe of the ftalke ftandeth a large head, made as it were of many fcaly leaves, which fuftaineth a large round flower .confiding of many long,narro w,and pale yellow leaves, as a border to the middle, which are a number of fmall moffy flowers fet together, of a deeper yellow than the bor¬ der ; the whole flower doth refemble that of Elecampane, and without any feent to commend it: the ftalke bran¬ ched forth from the joynts below, into three or foure branches, rifing higher than the middlemoft, every of them bearing fuch a flower: which when they are paft, the feed contained in thofe heads, with the woolly or downy fubftance therein,is carryed away with the Winter. 7. esffter lutem anguftifolim. Narrow leafed Starwort. This narrow leafed Starwort hath as great a creeping running roote as the fourth, and giveth as plentifull en¬ creafe, from whence fpring up many fmall hard greene ftalkes, not much above a foote high, whereon grow many long and narrow leaves, without any order one above another, not dented at all about the edges, but elle very like Unto the leaves ofthe wild Pcllitory or Ptarmica, up toward the toppes, where they are divided fometimes into two or three fmall branches,every one bearing a greene fcaly head, and out thereof a yellow ftarrelike flower, as the others have, but leffer than any ofthe former: thefe branches doe fcldome over-toppe their middle or mafter branch, as the laft recited doth; the feed that followeth is very like unto the other: and carried away with the wind in the fame manner, Pena and Lobel in their Adverfariu have fet forth two forts of After, which they call After mtmtanm, and hirfu- •' Baubium them both ofthe number of his yellow Afters, but becaufe that, as Clufttu feemeth to fay they ate comprehended under the others here let downe, I make no further mention of them. 8. After Virgineus latifolius luteus repens. Yellow creeping Starwort of Virginia. This Starwort rifeth up with a ftrong round ftalke, two or three foote high, hearing at the joynts two faire broad leaves like the leaves ofa fmall Flos Solis, but more pointed at the ends, and being harder in feeling, full of veines: att J let °PP e °fthe ftalke (which feldohae brancheth) ftandeth one large flower (rifing out of a greene huske made of nine or tengreene leaves) compofed of many long and narrow yellow leaves, with a brownifh thrumme m the middle: which being paft,there followeth feed like unto a fmall Flos folis as it is faid,for I never faw it beare feed: the roote is ftringy, creeping under ground, and fpreading much : it lofeth both [hike and leafe every ycare, and fprmgeth a new from the roote. y. After r?l 9. Aflcr Virgineus fattens membranaceo cattle', Y ellow Starwort of Virginia with a filmy flalke. Tills yellow Starwort groweth to be < 5 .or 7.foot high,with many ftalkes,whofe lower part thercoftalmoft to the haife, is round, hard, and ftrong, the other part upward having a fmall filme of skin on foure Tides thereof (as is to bejfeene in many other plantsjup to the toppe which brancheth not,butbeareth l'undry fmall flowers,as it they were tufts at the firft,but being blowne open, each is a yellow ftarre compofed of five or fixe fmall and long yellow leaves with fmall thicke yellow pointeL in the middle, each having a blackifh tippe or point relembling flowers, and afterwards turne to be flat feed, broad at the head, which are fo fcparately fet together, that they refemble the head of feed of a Ranunculus , but greater: the leaves ftand fingly on each fide of the flalke, being very like unto the for¬ mer, of a dead or fullen greene colour, but not altogethehfo large and broad, a little longer pointed alfo, and more rough in handling, with a fmall foot-ftalke under each: the roote is knobbed and wooddy,with l'undry long firings faftned unto them, andencreafcthmuchatthefides, but creepeth not, holding ftronglyin the ground: this flow- reth late with us, and that not but in a warme yeare, whereby we feldome obferve the feed : divers doe take this to be the Wifancksx V/ofocan of the Virginians,but if Gerards information be right, as it is moft probable,that which he calleth Wifanck^, beareth crooked pods, and fuch doth the Periploca of Virginia , as I firft well obferved in Mailer FrancquevHies garden, whofe roote creepeth farrc under ground, and therefore in my judgement this cannot be their fVifanckj this alfolofeth the flalkes as the former, and fpringeth frefh every yeare. I o. Afler Virgineus fattens alter minor. Another yellow Starwort of Virginia. The other yellow Starwort of Virginia groweth up but with one upright fmall round lliffe flalke, foure or five foote high, bearing two faire greene long fhining leaves at every j’oynt, dented about the edges, but fmaller than the former, {landing on fmall foote-ftalkcs, and l'omewhat hard in feeling : at every j‘oynt with the leaves on both fides,fromtheverybottome come forth branches,haife a yard long at the lead, with the like leaves on them: at the toppe of each flalke and branch flandeth one flower, whofe greene fmall round button under it, hath divers fmall greene leaves on the head thereof, out of which breaketh the flower, confifling of a dozen yellow fmall and long leaves, compafling a middle deepe yellow thrum: this although I and lome others have had ft growing with us, yet flowred and feeded with none but Mailer Tradefcant at South Lambeth. The feed by rcafon it flowreth late, we have not yet well obferved : the root is compofed of fundry white and long hardifh firings,with fmall fibres at them, and abideth divers yeares, encreafing by the Tides, but perifheth to the ground, fhooting new heads every yeare. 1 r. Afler Conyzoidcs. Fleabane like Starwort. This kind of Star wort hath long and narrow leaves growing on the branched ftalkes, which are a foote high, fet nngly thereon without order: the flowers grow fingly at the toppe of every flalke and branch, compofed of many duskieyellow leaves, with a browner thrum in the middle turning into downe, which with the fmall feed is car- riedaway with the wind : the roote is threaddy. . .. Wee have had from Virginia another fort of this kind, very like unto it, but with fmaller flowers. * ^2. Afler fil! XrIBB I. 31 . lifter Conyxoidtt. FJeabane like Swrrewort. T be Theater of Tldnies, G hap, /j- 5 * Vji it. After/itpinu: Cpuy^tydec jifricdRU), Ficabanc-like Starwort of-Aff/PA- 12. Afterfupinits Conyz,oides Africanus. Fleabane like Starwort of Africa. This hath fundry weake branches riling from a (lender long white roote, with divers fmall and long hoary leaves fet thereon without order: both ftalke and branches beare each but one yellow Star-like flower thrummed in the middle, which after it is ripe turncth into downe, which with the fmall feed enclofed together, flyeth away With the windc. 15. After Atticfts Itulorum{lorepnrpHreo. Purple Italian Stanvort, or the purple Mangold. The Italian Starwort hath many wooddy round and brittle (hikes rifing from the roote, about two footehigh, whereon are fet without order to the toppes many fomewhat hard and rough long leaves round pointed, and is di¬ vided into fundry branches, bearing fingle flowers like Marigold, the outer border of leaves being of a bluilh pur¬ ple colour, and the middle thrum of a brownifh yellow, breaking out of a greenc fcaly head, like unto thofc of Knapweed, but leffer : thefe flowers abide long in their beauty, and in the end wither and turne into a foft downe, wherein lie fmall blacke and flat feeds, fomewhat like unto Lattice feed, which with the downe is carried away with the wind; the roote is compofed of fundry white flrings which perifh not,but abide many yeares with greenc leaves on their heads, and fpringafrefh every yeare. 14. After Atticusceerulem alter. Anotherblue Starwort, or another purple Mangold. This other purple Marigold or blue Starwort, is a jpecies or differing fort of the other After Antctts Iuloramftare fnrptfreo, fo like thereto in ftalke, leafe and flower, that one would thinke there were no difference, and indeed it is not much, but confifteth chiefly in thefe particulars: the leaves ofthis are narrower than the other, and pointed at the ends: the ftalke rifeth not up fo high, flowreth fomewhat earlier before the other, and is of a paler purple colour, and fometime found white alfo. Ofthis Narrow-leafed kinde there is one alfo which groweth lowerthan this, and is therefore called a aytmt Alter kinde. _ HumiU* 15. After Alpinuscaruleomagno flore. The great blue MountaineStarwort. From among a number of fmall long and narrow leaves, hoary as well on the under as upperfide, of the forme of garden Daifte feaves,being fmall and narrow at the bottome, and growing broader to the end,which is round poin¬ ted lying about the roote of this Mountaine Starwort, upon the ground, rifeth up a ftalke fcarfe a foote high, befet with the like leaves as grow below, but fmallcr up to the toppe, where there ftandeth a round head, compofed of many fmall purplifh leaves fet clofe together, in the midft whereof breaketh forth a large great flower, confiding of many long narrow leaves, of a purplifh blue colour, (landing as a pale or border, about a middle yellow thrum, which upon the fading, turneth into downe, wherein the (eed iyeth,and both together are difperfed with the wind: the roote is fomewhat long, growing aflopc in the ground, with many fmall white fibres annexed thereunto, and cjicreafing by the (ides as the roote? of Daifies doe. 'Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe, i 132. Ch a p. 4.5. 13 . After Atticus Iteitdrum ftott purpurea. Purple Italian Starreworc, or the purple Marigold. 1 1. After Alpinuscterulea magnoflore. The great blue Moumainc StarrcWort* , . 16 • After hirfitus AuftrUcus undent magnoftore. Greatblue Starwort of Auflria. TrasStarwort likewilc hath many leaves lying upon the ground, about the toppe of the roote, but they are thicker, broader, rougher, yet with a foft hairineffe, fomewhat fharpe about the edges, and ending in a more rinid or (harpe point: with fuch like leaves is the round ftalke alfo befet up to the toppe, where it is divided fometimes into one or two branches, each fufiaming as large a flower as the laft, but the middle thrum is of a paler yellow co¬ lour, and compafied about with a number of fmalllongleaves, of a pale blue colour, which paffeth into downe, thereof ™ ° thCrT ™ S a thou = h iz be fo m c 'vhat like the lad, yet is not the fame, but a manifell differing kinde >7- After minor anguftifolius. The French purple Starwort. 1 his purple Starwort rifeth up with many (lender, but llraight upright ftalkes, of a foote and a halfe high, fee with many leaves up to the toppe, longer and narrower than any of thefe blue or purple Starworts laft recited, lomewhat like unto the; leaves of Unarm or Tode-flaxe : at the toppe ofeach ftalke Hand three or foure flowers Jma 7 than the two aft Starworts, and fomewhat leffer than the firfl of thefe blue kindcs; confiding of many lmall leaves (landing as a Starre.ofa very pale bluifh purple colour, and the middle thrum yellow, which paffe into downe, and carryed away with the wind as the others doe. I fhould ad/oyne unto thefe the Tripolinm, both tor the likenefle of the flowers and the Englilh name of Sea Starwort; and although it be a fweet hearbe, yet ‘Ududofa c^Avatery hearbcs^^ tCt 1 bCtCCr t0 ^ rovv 111 waCer J* places, I will referre it to bee fpoken of among the 18. After Virgincm latifolm prtcocior purpuranteflore pan's. The earlier and broad leafed purplilh ■ Starwort of Virginia. TheIea v cs o r.hisSta r wortwhichfiandfinglyonthefundryhardftiffe brownifli greeneflalke, of ayard high, A 1 1 j 1C L rt 0 ( ?- Ita J kes un - r r ^ em » are broad and round at the bettome, growing narrower to the point, and finally dented about the edges, of a frefh greene colour on the upper fide, and fomewhat yellowifh underneath ; each great italke towards the toppe brancheth forth into flowers, which (land in a tuft or fpike, with divers fmall greene eav cs e ow them oh the ftalke, and the flowers being many, fet on feverall fmall branches, have a fmall greenifh lcaiy nuske, and a lmall pale purplifh flower comming out of it, confifting of fundry fmall leaves laid open like a otarre, with divers pale yellow threads riling up like a thrum, which turne into a downe with fmall feed therein: £l e rr !° te ls folding greene leaves all the Winter when the ftalkes are withered and dead, but hard and wcoddy.at the head, fending forth long whitifh firings: this flowreth a moneth or two before the next, that is a- pout the end or Augiut^ or later if the yeare prove not warme. i 9 . JJier Virginens angufifolius ferotinus parvo albentcftore . The narrow leafed and later flowred , Starwort of Virginia. The many ftalkes of this Starwort grow higher than of the other, bearing Angle leaves at every joynt, being long an narrow, without any dent at the edges^and without any foot-ftalke at the bottome ; at every joynt from about the Xk-JBE 1 TheTheater of P'/antes. Chap. 45. 133 17- After minor anguftifolius* TIk French pu:ple Scarrevvorr. tte middle upwards it fhooteth very long branches, and they oftentimes branched againe, at each joynt whereof (land fingle leaves, but much fmaller and thicker let than below, the flowers (land flngly alfb at the joynts and toppes of every ftalke and branch, which are fmall and Starre falhion, of a pale white co¬ lour, wich a fingle purple thrum in the middle, rifing out of a fmall greene huskc which turne into downe like the former : the roote is compofed of fundry long white firings, which live long, and encreafeth much, lofing ail the flalkes in the W inter, and holding a tuft of greene leaves, untill it ilioot new flalkes the next yeare i this flowreth much later than the other, lome- times not untill the end of Oftober, or beginning of Novenber, yet a moneth fooner in a warme yeare. The Place. The firft kind ofStarwort groweth in Province and Narbone in France, in Lombardy aifo. 1 he fecond on the Mountaines in the Kingdome of Naples. The third in New Caftile in Spaine. The fourth at the fooce of the Alpes of Auftna and Stiria, and on Leytenberg , and other hills neare Vienna. The fifth in c JAPom ravia, and on the hills neare Vienna, The fixth like wife neare Vienna , at the foote of divers hills, and on the woods that were felled there. The leventh likewife in the fields neare Vienna , and in a fmall Wood neare the River c Donaw or Danubius. The eight hath beene many yeares grow¬ ing in England, fince it was firft brought out of Virginia, and fo hath the ninth alfo, but the tenth we have had fearfe time enough to obferve it thorowly fince we got it from Virginia, by the meanes of Mafter George Cjibbes Chirur- *\onoi Bathe, who brought in his returne from thence,a number of feeds and plants hee gathered there himfeife, and flowred full y only with IA.Trad e/cant. The eleventh groweth in many places of our owne land,in moift or lha~ dowy places. The twelfth Guillame Boel many yeares agoe brought out of Barbary with him. The thirteenth in many meejowes both in Italy and Prance. The fourteenth in many places of Hungaria, Auftria, and Moravia. The fifteenth in the gratify fields on the Alpes of oAuftria. The fixteenth groweth about Crenifum in Auftria, and other parts of the Alpes there, as alfo on the Mountaine Iura in Switzerland neare Geneva. The feventeenth on the dry Rocky hills and Olive yards about Montpelier and Caftrum novum. The eighteenth and laft were lent us from France growing firft in Canada. Some of them are hardly nourished up in gardens, efpecially the eighth and ninth* which are unwilling to change their naturail habitation. The Time. They doe all flower in the Summer moneths of Iune and Iuly, fome earlier or later than others. The Names. It is called in Greekc A Yify ifir.Qr fsr Mdvtav .* in Latine After Attictts , Bub on turn & Inguinalis ) both for that the flower is like a Starre, and that as it is likely, it grew plentifully about Athens , and of the effed to cure the lores that hapned inthe groyne, Herb a Stellar ia alio of fome. The firft is called by all After Atticus legitimus„ but Bauhinus to dillinguifh it, added foliolis ad jlore in riqidis. The z . is called by Eabius £olumna After (fernuus, be- caufe the flowers bend downe their heads, and by Bauhinus After Atticus folijs circa ftorem mollibus. The third is called by (ftlufius After fecundus fupinus , and fo doe Dodonaus , Lobel, and Lugdunenjis , and famerarius 9 After Atti - cus repens. The fourth is called by Cluftus After tertius , Auftriacus primus, or After Pannonicus tertius, of Bauhinus After Luteus major folijs Sued fa. The fifth is Cluftus his After Auftriacus fecundus • ofTabermontanus^B uboninm l:i~ teum : of Cjcrard After Italorum bur fallely, of Lugdunenjis B elite lute a : of Bauhinus After montauus luteus Salicis g/abro folio. The fixt is Clujius his After lanuginofofolio Jive quint us : of Tabarmontanus After lutco Jlore: of Gerard After hirfutus : of Bauhinus After luteus hirfutus Salicis folio. The feventh is Cluftus his Auftriacus quartus : of !Bauhinus After luteus linarU , rigidoglabro folio. The eighth came firft to us by the Virginian name Aquafcomenfe • Tome thinke that the Virginian name of the ninth is tvifancV-> butfalfcly : but the tenth and eleventh without names, and therefore we have given them fuch names as Teemed to usmeft convenient, and as are in their tides, untill fome ficter m ay be given by other. The eleventh Lobel in his obfervations calleth csffter Conyzoides, as I and all others doe, but the twelfth was fo entituled by Boelius, as it is here let downe. The thirteenth is called generally After Atticus Italorum purpureo or caruleo Jlore. The fourteenth is a fpecies of the laft Atticus Italorum ft'frc purpu - reo , whereof both Cluftus and Camerarius make mention. The fifteenth is Cluftus his After Anftriatus quintusj which he faith may be called Amellus Alpinus, in that it doth refemble the * Amellus of Virgil. Lugdunenfts calleth it After purpureus montantis. Bauhinus After montanus caruleus maqnoJlore folijs oblongis. The fixteenth Bauhinus onely remembrethby the name of After hirfutus -Auftriacus caruleus magno Jlore. The feventeenth Lobel calleth Aft or minor Narboncnfium Tripohj Jlore 9 lin aria folio medio purpureu?. The two laft have their names given by US, as 1 we thinke fitted for them. There hath beene formerly Tome controvcrfie among Writers, what plant fhould bee After Atticus of 'D iofedr ides, divers allowing ofthat After Atticus Jlore luteo 9 which is fee forth in this &: my former Booke, whereof the 2. here let forth, as Ifaid, is a kind neaielt thereunto, others refilling it utterly, becaufe it hath no purple colour in the flower, which that of TJiofcorides hath, both in the defeription thereof by him, (as many doetranflate that part in the description of the flower, to b epdrpureum cf luteum, whereas the new Editions have P arpur cum lutcumve) and in the vertues, where he faith that divers fa y^ that the purple of the flower, or in the flower,is good to heale the fores of the groine • and father allowing of the 13 .kinde here fet forth,as likewife in my other Booke (whereof thofe with purple flowers here deferibed are fpecies) to be both the true After Atticus oFD iofc or ides y and the true Amellus of Virgil, which he delcribeth in the fourth Booke of his Georgicks , and that moftplainely in thefe Verfes. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tribe, i ni Chap. 45. Sfi etiam jlos in prat is, cut nomen Amelia Fecere agricola, fccilis quarentibusherba : Namque uno tngentcm tollit decefpite fjlvam. Aureus ipfe t fed in folijs, quaplurima circum Fur.duntur, vioU fublucet purpura nigra. Sape deum nexis omata torquibus ara. | Ajper inorefapor : tonfis in veillibus ilium faftores, & curva legunt prope flumina filelle. Ye: Guilandinus mifliketh hereof, and although he allow of it, to be After Aniens, yet not to be Amellus, whom as j take it CUatthiolus doth convince : he nameth no man, but faith, that lome would make that hearbe, which bv the judgement of all men - is /nchdonium minus , to be the Amelias of Virgil ; which neither the flower, being ail yellow, though Handing like a Starre, not having any purple colour therein, which Virgil faith Amelins hath; for his words Aureus i/e, which is the flower, hath infoUjs qua plurima circumfunduntur, the purple colour of the vio¬ let but not fofairc, * 1 2 3 and cannot be referred to the leaves ofthat plant: neither the ftature or forme of Chelidonium, which is low lying upon the ground, and Amelins riling high, and bearing abulh ot flowers at the toppe of his [talke, as Virgil faith, unoingentem tollit de cefpite fj/lvam -. neither the time of the ftowring, for Chelidomum flow¬ ed, in the Spring, and Amelins in the end of Summer,when the fields are mowed,as he faith, Tonfts in vallibus Ulum „ Paffores leqnnt props fhimina Mclle. Vena and Lobel in their AdverJarU alfo, Would make Tripolium to be the nea- rell unto Amelins of Virgil, becaufe the flower is purple, ftarre fafhion, and yellow in the middle, and that it ufually oroweth in mold places,neare unto R ivers, as Virgil faith of his: which hath the greatefl probability next unto this, of any other hearbe, but Virgil his words, after in orefapor, which isharlh or binding, agreethnot unto Tripolium-, and bccaufc I find no other Author agreeing thereunto, and that this is mod commonly received of all, I dare not forCke fo meat rtafons, and fo many judgements, and adhere to this one of Penn and Lobel. The Virtues. Tiofcorides faith, that the purple leaves of the flowers boylcd in water, was held to bee good fotthe paines and fore in the <>roine, as.alfo the ufe of the ftefh hearbe in oyle to anoynt the place, and likewise the dryed flowers, to be taken into the right hand of the patient, bound to the place that is grieved, it taketh away inflammations in thofe places, it helpeth children alfo that have the falling fickneffe: and thofe that are troubled with the Quinfie. It hel¬ ped an 'not ftomacke, the inflammations of the eyes, and the fundament tv hen it is fallen doWne, if an oyntment be made ofthe greene hearfce,and old Hogs greale; it helpeth them that are bitten by a mad Dogge, as Cratevas faith; it confuineth the fwellings of the throat, and driveth away Serpents if it be burned. Galen faith it is called Bubo, mum, not onely becaufe, that being anoynted, but alfo that being hung or tyed to the places, it healeth the fores in the groine: forithath not onely a digefting,but alfo no fmallcooling quality, and repteffing, being of a mixe pro¬ perty like the Rofe. P/wyaddech that being bound to the place, it is profitable for the paine in the hippes. Chap. XLVI. Rnta. Rue, ot Hearbe grace. B Here are foure or five fpeciall forts of hearbes called by the name of Rue, having little likeneffe thereun¬ to, but onely fome fhew in the leaves, which are thefe. 1 irft Kata Carina, whereof I tneane to fpeake amon» til eScrophularias. The fecond is Rut a pratenfis, called alio ThaliStrum, which you fhall finde in thenexr Claflis. The third is Rnta Muraria, which (hall bee fpoken of amoug other Capillars hearbes, and the fourth is Rnta Capraria five Galega, which (hall be declared among the Alexipharinaca Counterpoifons. Divers other hearbes have beene entituled Rut a, by Angular Authors, as you fhall finde among the names of them, whereof to make mention here were needleffe; I rather referre you to the places fpecified. But of our ordinary or garden Rue, common enough through all this Realme, there are fome other forts thereof, which are here to be remembred with them, although not ufually bred , or to be ealily kept in the gardens of I. Rut* hortenfis major. The greater ordinary garden Rue or Hearbe of Grace. This ordinary garden Rue growetli up with hard whitifh wooddy flalkes branching forth on all fides, and bea¬ ring thereon fcndry long leaves divided into many fmall ones, being fomewhatthick and round pointed, and ofa darKe bluifh greene colour : the flowers that fland at the toppes confift of foure fmall yellow leaves, with a greene button ill the midft, compafled about with fundry fmall yellow threads, which growing ripe, contained within it fmall blacke feed: the roote is white and wooddy, fpreading fatre in the ground, and abiding many yeares. 2. Rnta Hortenftsminor. The Idler garden Rue. This Rue is fo like the ordinary garden kind, that it will deceive many that doe not heedfully regard my felfe am halfe perfwaded that it is the next fort of Rue,which is the greater fort of wild Rue, transplanted and ma¬ nured in gardens. It rifeth not up fo high, neither beareth fo great flalkes: the leaves are very like the common garden kind, but that they are fmaller, and ofa blacker or darker greene colour : it doth more feldome give any flower with lis, and the fmell thereof is not foftrong, nor the tafte altogether fo bitter as the other; and herein con- fifteth the difference betweene them. 3. Rnta fy hefty is major. The greater wild Rue. This wild Rue, is in all things like unto the garden Rue, but that the leaves are fomewhat longer and narrower, and the colour of them are darker, more tending to greene : the flalkeisftrong and wooddy, in the naturall purees, much more than inthefecolderclimates, but l'ifethnot fullyfo high as our garden kinde, where it (carfe attameth joany wooddinelfe: the flowers alfo areyeflow.compofed of foure yellow leaves like unto it; and fmalL iced in J ‘ fnnrr* Tr-IBB Ruralwtenfii wajo’. The greater ordinary garden Rue of Hearbe or Grace. foure tqnare heads (and fometimes in three fquare heads) like the other. This is of a more ftrong and virulent icentandtaftethanthegardenkind. 4. Ruta/yhefiris minor. Small Wild Rue. This fmall Rue, is alfo like unto the former, but that the leaves hereof are much more finely cut than it, both Ihortcr and {mailer, but as ftrong, Or rather more than the other, both in feent, tafte, and quality : the ftaikeherc- ofrifclh not fohighas the other,but brancheth at the toppe, bearing yellowifh final! flowers, and fmall feed in foure-fguare heads, like thereunto: therooteis long and wooddy. Rutamontaruii Mountainc Rue. This Rue is the fmalleft of all the reft, whofe leaves are the fineft cut, and divided of them alfo, fo that it hath fcarfe the face or forme ofany leafe of Rue; they are alfo much whiter in colour than any of them, and the moft virulent and pernicious of all the reft, both in feent and tafte : the flowers and feed are like unto the other forts, but the fmalleft of them. 6 . Rut it fylvefiris Syrota five Hiirmala* Wlid Aflirian Rue. The Aflirian wild Rue rifeth up with many darke round greene [hikes, about a foote high or more, whereon are Tet divers long leaves, divided into many parts, each whereofis longer, thicker, and greener, than the fmall wildc Rue, but not of fo ftrong or virulent a favour as it, yet fomewhat ftrong, and a little flrarpe and bitter: at the tops of the [hikes Hand many flowers, confiding of five white leaves, larger than in any of the other forts of Rue ; in rhe middle whereofriferh up a greene three fquare head compaffed about with many yellow threads: in which three fquare head when it is ripe, is contained fmall brownifh cornered feed i the roote is thicke, and fome what yellow- ifti, with divers fmall fibres annexed to it. The Place. The two forts of Garden Rue arc onely nu'rfed up in gardens in all places.yet the fecond is not fo common as the firft, but onely kept by a few- The other two wild forts grow upon the Mountaines in Spain* and Italy, and about cJMempelier in Prance-, bur how we fhould belecve Gerard, who iaith fome of them grow on the hills in Lancashire and Torkcjbire , you may eafily gefle by their abiding our W inters, in gardens, for being of fb hot and burning qualities, and growing inrhot Countries, not enduring any cold; how Ihould they benaturall to our climate, efpe- ciaily the more Northerly parts: the fifth in SpainezXfo, Prance, and ocher hot Countries. The laft growethin Syria, from whence it was fent into thefe Countries: as alfo in the fields, and about the hedges" neare unto Conjian- Unoplc , as BeUomits faith, in the fifth Ghapter of his third Booke of obfervations. The Time . The garden kindes efpecially the lelfer, doth feldome flower in our land, and therefore fcarfe ever beare good feed. And the wild or Mountaines kindes doe the like. The Names. It is calledin Grceke -irnyrnw, Feganum ^nia caliditate femen ger.itale caaemintat, the roote of the fifth kmde, as. Ns" BiofcmM Theatrum Botanicum Tribe, i 134. Chap. 47. 4. Rut(i fylve/tris minor. Small wild Rue. 5. Ruta Montana. Mountamc Rue. Wild Aflirtan Rue. Diofeorides faith, was called in his tim z^Moly mmtanum 1 and the roote of the Affiriari wild kinde, was alio as hec faith, called Moly , for thelftcnelfethereunto, being blacke with¬ out, and white within : and Ruta in I.atine, r of Ruo, for the violent fierce vapours it fendeth forth, caufing itching bli- fters,&c. in Englifh Rue, and Hearbe Grace, orHearbe of Grace, for* the many good properties whereunto it ferveth: for without doubt it is a moft wholefome hearbe, although bitter and ftrong,and could our dainty ftoraacke brooke the ufe thereof, it would worke fingular elfe&s, being skilfully and carefully applyed. The firftis called Ruta fativa, or do* mejlica i hortenfs i or latifolia & major by all Authors. The ie- cond is called by Tragus Ruta bortenfs minor , and by Cordtts Ruta fativa minor tenuifolia, Dodonaits calleth it grave olens . The third is called Ruta fylveftris of Matthiolui y Lobd y Lug- dtinen(is 3 and others, and is the firft of the wilde kindes with Bodon£H5 and others, as the fourth is the l'econd wilde with him. The fifth is the fmalleft wilde Rue , called of Label Rtttula and Peganum Narbonenjium : of Dodonaut Rutafyl - vcflris minima : of (flufius Ruta montana legitima : of Camera- rius t and others Rutafylveflris tenuifolia. The laft is called Harmala even i nBiofcorides his time, as he faith, and Bafa- fan of others, andfo it is called ft ill with molt Writers, or Harmef yet fome Ruta fylvefiru* and Syriaca. The Arabians call it Sadel : the Italians Rutta : the Spaniards Arruda : the French Rue : the Germanes Rauten : the Dutch Ruytte ; and Wc in Englifh Rue, or Hearbe Grace. The Vertucs. Both forts of Rue (that is) the garden and the wilde, as T)io[corides(: aith, doe heate, burne, and exulcerate the skin. It provoketh urine and womens courfes, being taken in meat or drinke. The feed thereof taken in wine is an Antidote or Counterpoifon againft all dangerous medicines, or deadly poifons; the leaves hereof taken either by thcmfelves, or T r i b e. i. The Theater of Thants. Chap. 47- H withFigges and Walnuts, is called OTUthriiUtes his counterpoifon. Or Mithridate againft the plague, caufeth all venemous things, as wellas ofSerpents, to become harmekfle; being often taken either inmeateor drinke, itaba- teth venery, and deftroycth the ability of getting children : adecoftion made thereof with fome dryed Dillleavcs and flowers, eafeth' all paines and torments, inwardly to be drunke, and outwardly to bee applied warme to the place affefled. The fame being drunke, helpeth the paines both of the chert and (ides, as alfo coughes, hardnefle, or difficulty of breathing, the inflammation of the lungs, and the vexing or tormenting paines ofthe Sciatica, and of the joynts being anoynted, or laid to the places, as alfo the (baking of agues, to take a draught; before the fit come; beingboyled or infufed in oyle, it is good to helpe the wind collick, or the fwelling hardnefle or windinefle ofthe mother, and freeth women from the flrangling and fuffocation of the mother, if the fhare and the parts there¬ about bee anoynted therewith: it killeth and driveth forth the wormes of the belly, if it bee drunke after it is boyled in wine to the halfe, with a little honey ; it helpeth the gowt, or paines in the joynts of bands, feete, or knees, applyed thereunto ; and the fame with Figges helpeth the dropfie, which is arunningof fharpe water, be- tweene the fl efh and the skin, being bathed therewith : being bruifed and put into the noftnls, it ftaycth the blee¬ ding thereof. It helpeth the fwellings of the cods, if it be boyled with Bay leaves, and they bathed therewith. It takethaway wheales and pimples,if being bruifed with a few Mirtle leaves, it be made up with waxe, and applyed thereon. Itcureth the Morphew.and takethaway ail forts of warts, on the hands, face,nofe,or any other parts, if it be boyled in wine, with fome Pepper and Niter, and the places rubbed therewith: and with Altome ana Hony, helpeth the dry fcab, or any tetter or ringworme : the j'uyce thereof warmed in a Pomgranat fhell or rinde,& drop¬ ped into the cares that'are full of paine,helpeth thenr.the juyceofit and fennell,with a little honey, and the gall’ofa Cocke put thereunto, helpeth the dimnefle: ofthe eye-fight: an oyntment made ofthe j'uyce thereof, with oyle of Rofes,Ceru(Te, and a little vinegar, and anoynted, cureth Saint Antonies fire, and all foule running fores in the head, andthofeftmkingulcersofthenofcandotherparts. The eating ofthe leaves of Rue taketh awaythe fmell both ofGarlike and Leekes. The Antidote that CMithridates the King of/Warufed to take every morning farting, thereby to fccure himfclfc from any poyfon or infeftion, was this. Take twenty leaves of Rue, a little fait, a cou¬ ple of Walnuts, and a couple of Figges, beaten together into a Made, which is the quantity appointed for every day. Another Elefluary is to be made in this manner. Take of Niter,Pepper,and Cominleed, ofeach equall parts, of the leaves of Rue cleane picked, as much in weight as all the other three weighed, beate them well together as is fitting, and put thereto as much honey as will well make it up into an tleftuary, (but you muft firft prepare your Gominfced, laying it to rtcepe in vinegar,for 24. houres,and then dry it,or rather torte it in an hot firelhovell.or as others would have it in an Oven) is a remedy for the paines and griefes of the chert or ftomacke, of the fpleene, belly, and fides, by winde or Hitches, of the liver by obftruftions, hindering digeftion of the meate, of the reines and bladder, by the flopping of the urine, and helpeth alfo to extenuate fat or corpulent bodies. The leaves of Rue firft boyled, and then laid in pickle, arc kept by many to eate, as fa wee to meate, like as Sampire is,for the dimnefle of fight, and to warpie a cold ftomacke. The diftilled water thereof, is effeauall for many purpofes aforefaid. Our garden kindes worke all thefc effefts, but the wild kindes arc not ufed fo often with us, not onely becaufe we have them not ufually, and that they will not abide our cold Country, but their fierceneffe is fcarce tolerable, except for outward griefes and applications, for the falling fickneffe, palfies, gowts, j'oynt-aches, and the like, wherein they Worke more forceably than the garden kindes, for taken inwardly by women with child, it deftroyeth the birth, and mightily expelleth the after-birth. Antigouus in his Rhapfody or huddle of memorable things, relateth a ftory of a Weafell, that being to fight with acruell Serpent, eatethRue, andrubbeth her felfe therewith, before hand, to be the better defended from the poifon ; whereby it was found to be powerfull againft the fling or byting of vene¬ mous creatures. The fmall Mountaine kind is lo violent, that it may foone kill one, if it be not carefully looked un- too,or to great a quantity given at a time. Chap. XLVII. Caryophyllata, Avens. Here are divers forts of Avens more than formerly hath beene kno wne,to bee fet forth together in this Chapter. r. Caryophy Hata vulgar U. Ordinary Avens. Our ordinary Avens hath many long rough darke greene winged leaves, riling from the roote, every one made of many leaves, fet on each fide of the middle ribbe, the larged three whereof grow at the ends, and fnipc or dented round about the edges; the other being fmall pieces, fometimes two, and fometimes foure, (landing on each fide of the middle ribbe underneath them: from among which rife up divers rough or hairy ftalkes, about two foote high, branching forth diverlly with leaves at every j’oynt, not fo long as thofe below, but almoft as much cue in on the edges, fome of them into three parrs, and fome of them into more: on the toppes of the branches (land fmall pale yellow flowers, conGftingoffive leaves, very like unto the flowers of Cinque-foile, but larger: in the middle whereof ftandeth a fmall greene head, which when the flower is fallen, groweth to be rough and round, be¬ ing made of many long greenilh purple feeds, like graynes, which will fticke to any bodies doaths: the roote is madeofmany btownifh firings or fibres, which fmell fomewhat like unto Gloves, in many places, efpecially in the higher, hotter, and dryer grounds, and freer cleare ayre; but nothing fo much, or not at all in many other places, especially if they be moift, and are ofanliarfh or drying tafte. Ofthis kind Camerariut faith there is another found in Mountaines, that is larger than it, not much differing elfe in any thing, jpj £ : cr 2. Caryopbyllatamontana] Mountaine Avens. The Mountaine Avens from a long brownilh round roote, of the bignefle of ones finger,creeping under the upper cruft ofthe earth, (and not altogether foftringy as the former) with fome fmall fibres (hooting downewards in fe- verall places,and fmelling and tailing like the other,fendeth forth divers winged leaves, made of many fmall leaves towards the bottoms, [landing on both fides ofthe ribbe, the end leaves being largc-li and whole, not divided, N 3 but VV i !. 1 i I I I • Hi - i! | fcnj ' fell M'. f f|! Kli’i Yir in; |J|! I Hi Mouruaine Avcns. but fotncWhat deepely cut in on the edges, of a frcfher grcene colour likcvvilc, fofter alfo and gentler in handling: from among which rile Gender Galkes, feldome branched, having very few leaves thereon, at the toppcs whereof (land ulually one flower apeece, yet lometimes more, made for the mod part like the former, confiding of five or Gxe leaves, much larger than they, and of a deeper yellow colour, and lometimes with a white flower, as Camera - rim faith tn horto , tending to redneffe, having many yellow threads in the middle, compacting a greene head, which when the flower is pad, incrcaleth to be a round head,befet with flat feeds, not fo rough, or ready to dicke to ones garments, but every one of them having a long featherlike ha ire or thread at the end : the whole plant a? well leaves as flowers, and feed, are covered with a fmall loft hairy downe, which is not much or ealily dilccrned.un- lefle one heed it very well.* 3. C/try ophyllata Alpha minor. Small Mountaine Avens. There is a lmallcr kinde hereof found on A'font Baidas , little differing from the former, but in thefmalneffe thereof, being covered with a fofc downe, and of a darker greene colour, the flowers being large for t(re fmalnelfe of the plant, and confiding of fixe leaves for the mod part. 4. C*ry ophyllata Alpha minor altera . The other fmall Mountaine Avens. This fmall Mountaine Avens hath much longer leaves than the lad, lying upon the ground round about, and much more divided, or cut into divers parts* making each part of the leafe to referable that of Smalladge, being a cubite in length, from among which rile up two or three weake trayling dalkes, with foure leaves thereon, much lelfe than thefower, but more finely cut in, on the toppe whereof dandeth one large flower, confiding of fixe, and fometimes of eight leaves, danding in a greene huske, whofe ends reach to the height ofthe flower, which is ofa paler yellow colour than the former, and turneth into fuch like heads, of long hairy feeds as the former: the rootc is fomewhat long and (lender, branched forth, and with divers fibres at them. 5 . Caryophjllata montan a five palufiris purpurea. Purple Mountaine or marfh Avens. This Marfh Avens- hath leaves fomewhat like the fecond fort,but with longer foote-Aalkes, and fomewhat hairy, the dalkes rife ashigh as the fird many times,with fewer leaves fet here and there on them,and more divided; at the topped (land two or three fmall flowers apeece, hanging downe their heads, ofa purplifh yellow colour, Icarce ap¬ pearing above the huskes that containe them : after which come fuch heads, but more foft and downy : the roote creepeth in the ground, and fmelleth much lelfe than the former,and feme little or nothing. ; . .. Wee have had from New-England another of this kind, brought by John Newton a Chirui gion or Cotton, t at /t. * mr ‘ is taller and greater than this, differing little in any thing elfe, giving flat thin blackifh feed in huskes. 6 . CaryopbyHata aejuatica altera. Another Marfh Avens. _ This other is like unto the fife, but hath the huske that containeth the flower, fpreading beyond the brims there- rfi, whichisinfome more reddifh, and in fomc more double than in others, not differing many other nota e y.Caryophyl- XrIBE I. TheTbeater ofTlantes. 3 . Caryophyllata Alp'ina minor. Small Mountaine Avens. Chap. 47. 537 5. CaryoVbyRata moiitana, purpurea. Purple toouncaine Avens, 7. CaryopbyHata PentaphylUa. Cinque-folic Avens. The Cinque-foile Avens hath the leaves thereof divided into five parts, like unto a Cinque- foile I cafe, dented about the edges, the ftalkes are about a foote high, having feme fuch like leaves thereon, at the joynts where it brancheth forth; at the toppes whereofftand pale yellow flowers, like the firft fort; but fmaller, With many yellower threads, foinewhat downy in tlae middle : the roote is compofed of many brownilli firings, fmelling fome- what like unto the former kindes. The 7 1 Uce. ■ Thefirfi as I faid before, is found wilde in many places of this Realme, under hedge fides, and by the pathes in many field's, and delighteth rather to grow in fhadowy than Sunny places, yet is ufually brought into gardens to be at hand, to be ufed upon any Oc¬ eanian. The lecond is found upon divers Mountaines, as Coronas in Bihemia, by the Springs of the River Alb is, as CMatthiohts faith : upon Mans Baidas, is Pena faith, and in fome other places. ' The third and fourth upon Mount Baidas, as Bonn relateth, both in his Latine and Italian deferiptions thereof. The fifth and fixth grow by water fides, and in moiftand wet, or marifh grounds, on the Mountaines. Thelaft wasfbjjnd by‘T’ew* hard by Clatena 0 n the Rbstian Alpes in whereas he faith, hee tookc it for akinde of Cinque-foile orTormentill at thefirfi, untill by the fmell and colour of the roote, he judged it a kinde of Avens. The Time. Thefe doe flower in the monethsof May, and Iune,for the molt part, and their feed is ripe in Iuly at the-fartheft. The Names. It is generally called in Latine now adayes CaryophylUta and Garyophyllata, (for it is not found to be knownc to any of the an¬ cient Greeke or Latine Writers, except it bee Genm of Pliny, as moft of the later Writers doe confidently, and not without good rsafon fuppofe) from the feent of the roote, fo ncare rcfembling 7 , CaryopbyUata Tcntaphilae), Cinqu--foile Avens. Cloves 1 , Tbeatrum Botamcum Tribe, i Cloves, which arc called C ar J°ptyMj yet fome have called it HerbaBeneditta, ofthe excellent or biefled qualities thereof, and others Sana-munda, for the like effeefts. Tragus would have it called his Nardus ngrefUs, notonely for the {wcet feent of the roores, bnt for the coraiall properties it hath. The firft is as I faid, called of the mod of the later Writers Caryophyllata cr vulgaris & hortenfis, Brunfclfus as I thinke firft, and after him Gcfner, Tragus, and Tabermontanns call it herba Benedifta y and Beneditta. Camerarius faith the French call it Sana-munda, and Tur¬ ner as I thinke, or Gefner firft, and after them Lobel , call it Cjeum Plimj. The fecond is called of Matthiolus (who firft fet it forth) Caryophyllata montana , and fo doe Dodonaus , Lugdunenfis $ Anguillara i Tabermontanns, and Gerard 2 Camerarius calleth it Caryophyllata Alpha, Tragus BenediEla fylveflns : Lobel Caryophyllata major rotundtfolia - and G efner Cjeum Alphum quart am, in his hortis Germania ; Bauhinus calleth it Caryophyllata Alpha lutea. The third and fourth being the lefler forts of this kind,were found by Tona on Mount Baidas , and called by him, Caryophyllata. Alpha omnium minima, and minima altera. The fifth is called by Lobel Caryophyllata Septcntrionah urn rot undifolia pappofo fore : by Cluftus Caryophyllata montana prima : by Cj efner h hortis, Geum rivals : by Camerarius in horto, Ca¬ ryophyllata palujhis, and in his Epitome upon (-Matthiolus Caryophyllata acjuatica : by Iohannes Tha Hus, Caryophyiata major feu purpurea : by Lugdunenfis Caryophyllata montana Dalechampij : and by Bauhinus Caryophyllata acjuatica uutanteflorf. The fixth is mentioned by Bauhinus in his Matthiolus under the title of the former, and calleth it in bis Pinax , Caryophyllata acjuatica altera, the flowers whereof are exprefled by C/uJius under the name of faryopbyl- lata montana tertia. The laft is called by Pena and Lobel in their Adverfaria , Caryophyllata Alpha PcntaphylUa . Caft-orDurantes giveth the lame figure, with the name and defeription of CAfattbiolus his Caryophyllata montana, Tabermontanns calleth it Caryophyllata Alpha quinquefolia, and fo doth Bauhinus in his Pinax, who alfo fetteth it downe as if it were the Polyrrhhos Utifolia in Lugdunenfis , which there is fet forth, to have a white flower, grow¬ ing on fome hills in Savoy, but Gerard in tranflating Dodonans his fuppofition, that the Caryophyllata montana , ftouldbethe Bacchdrisot Diofcorides, excepting the colour ofthe flowers, and the fmell of the rootes, which yet he endeavoureth fomewhat to reconcile,fheweth onely Dodonaus his minde,and not fully his owne,unleffe you will beleene that, all that he tranflateth out of Dodonaus, was firft his owne opinion. The Vertues. Being accounted by the lateft belt W riters (as I faid before) to be the Gcum of Pliny, it is as hce faith, not oncly good for the difeafes of the cheft or breft, but good alfo for Hitches or paines of the fides, and to cxpell crude or raw humours, from the ftomacke and belly, by the fweet favour, and warming quality, for which purpofes Avensis found by allto be effe&uall. It alfo diflolveth the inward congealed or clotted blood,happening by falls or bruifes, or the fpitting of blood, the rootes cfpecially either greene or dryed, being boyled in wine and drunke; as alfo all manner of inward wounds, or outward if they be wafhed, and bathed therewith, or if they be fiftulous to bee inje- tted. The fame decotftion alfo drunke, comforteth the heart,and ftrengthneth the ftomackc, and a cold braine.and therefore is good in the Springtime to open the obftrudions of the liver, helpeththe winde collicke by diffolving the wind,and Hitches and paines in the fides, and being of a binding quality, hclgeth alfo thofe that have flaxes, or are burften,or have a rupture. If foule fpots or markes in the face, or other parts ofthe body be wafted therewith, it taketh them away, and leaveth the skin well coloured. The powder of the dryed rootes, or the ‘juyee of them when they are freft, workeththc fame effects that the decoftion doth : and in callous ulcers, with thejuyee ofthe rootes, if a little vardigreafe be added, it worketh a fingular good effeeft. Some ufein the Spring time to put the roote to fteepe for a time in wine, which giveth unto it a delicate favour and rafte, which they drinke fading every morning, to comfort the heart, and to prelcrve it from noy fome and infectious vapours of the plague, or any poi- fon that may annoy it; as alfo tohelpcdigcftion, andtowarme a cold ftomackc, troubled with grofle or foule humours, and to open the obftruftion of the liver and Ipleene. Some doeufetolay the rootes dryed among gar¬ ments, to perfume them with the fmell thereof, and to keepe away Mothes, fee. from them. The Cinque-foile Avens,becaufe it participated! with the other, both in fmell and tafte, although weaker, cannot but likewife par¬ take with them in the qualities aforefaid, yet not fo eftecftuall,although I know not any Author hath made mention of any experimental! efteeft thereof. The Mountaine A vens, as Matthiolus faith, is found to be as good as the ordi¬ nary, for all the difeafes whereunto it is appiyed, and vvorketh more forceably and fpeedily in them all. Chap. XLVIII. Calamus Aromaticus. The Aromaticall Reed • and Acorns legitimur Diofcoridis, fivefalfo Calamus odoratus ofpeha- rum , The true Acorns of Diofcorides, or fweet fmelling Flagge, untruely called Calamus in the Apothecaries fhoppes. Have joyned both thefe plants in one Chapter, for the tranfpoGtion of the names, and the Tweet fmel¬ ling properties the one doth enjoy although falfly appropriated to the other,& much differing beth in face and manner of growing. 1. Calamus Aromaticus Adatthioli. (JWatthiolus his Aromatkall Reed. This Aromaticall Reed groweth with an upright tall ftalke, fet full of joynts, at certaine fpaces up to the toppe, (not hollow as divers other Canes and Reeds are, but Huffed full of a white fpongious pith, which is of a gummy tafte, fomewhat bitter, and of the bignefle of a mans finger ) and at every one of them, a long narrow leafe, of a darke browne greene colour, fmelling very fweet, differing therein from all other kindes of Reeds: on the toppes whereof groweth a bufty or Featherlike panicle, like unto thofe of the common Reed : the roote is knobby, with divers heads thereat, whereby it encreafeth andftooteth forth new heads of leaves, fmelling alfo very fweet, ha¬ ving a little binding tafte, and ftarpe withall. This is the.dcfcription thereofextant in {undry Authors fince Mat¬ thiolus ,which becaufe it fo neare refembleth the common Reed , is fuppofed by divers to bee but firft feined by Matthiolus, although all others follow him therein,therefore I give you not their figure: but the figure of the dry¬ ed ftalkes that Camerarius and Clufius fet forth, that all may fee what manner of :hing that Calamus is, and the whole figure of the plant, as Alphas fetteth it forth, in Ub,deplantis exoticis . 3. Calamus Tribe. i. The Theater ofTlants. Chap. 4.$. up i. Calamus Aromaticus Syriacus vel ArahicusJkppofiritius, The fuppofed true Syrian, or Arabian Aromaticall Reed. This plant which is fuppofed by many to be the true Indian Calamus aromaticus, (but much fufpeded by others ) rifeth up from a thicke unprofitable roote, three or 4. inches long,bigge at the head, and imall at the bottome, with one,and fometimes more lfalkes, two cubits high (faith Bauhinus , who defcribeth it from the light of the plant he received from Doff or Doldius s but halfe a cubite high, or fomewhat more, faith Alpmus lib ..de plantis exoticis) being flraight, round,fmooth, andcalietobreake into fplinters,fullof j’oynts, and about a fingers thicknefle, hol- low and fp'ongy within,ofawhitifh yellow colour (like thepithofan elder,faith Alpmus, or like other Reeds,“as Bauhinus faith) the ftalkc is divided into other branches, and they againe intoother fmallcrones, two ufually let together at a joynt, with two leaves under them likewife, very like unto the leaves of Lyfimachia, the Willow Ijearbe, or Loofe-ftrife,but Idler, being an inch broad, and an inch and a halfe long, compalfing thedalke at the bottome, with (undry veines running all the length of them : from thejoynts rife long lfalkes, bearing fundry fmall yellow flowers made ofleaves, like alfo unto with alinall pointell in the middle, after'which follow fmall blackifh long heads, or feed vefl'els, pointed at the end, containing within them fmall blackifh feed: the (lalke hath little or no feent, yet not unpleafant faith Alpimts, being bitter, with a little acrimony therein: but Baubims faith, it is of an aromaticall taftc, and very bitter. This (faith Alpimts) the Arabians and Egyptians doe Ufe and call it Cajfabcldarira, that is Calamus Aromaticus ,& from them all other Chriflian nations have to accented it: but how improbable let any others judge that vn\\bsskz'ie,Theopbrafttts,Diofcorides, Galen,Pliny, and others who doe all call it a Reed,when as this you fee is none, and as Tbeopbrajlus & Pliny fay differeth not in forme from other Reeds: for Pliny reckoneth up 29 fortsofReeds, whereof this is one in their times, and for the lweetnefl'e thereof,onely uled in fweet oyntments: for the taffe alfo; T)iofeorides faith it hath (ome aflringency, and a little acrimony therein, but mentioneth no bitternelfe, when as this hath more bitternefle in it than any other taffe,which could not be forgotten by C D iofeorides if his had any in it. This plant groweth both in fundry moilt places in Eojpt, as alfo by the lake Geanajdrcth in/udaa, and in divers places alfoofSyria and Arabia and for ought that weecan perceive, is rather a kindeofyellow Lyfimachia than any other plant. 3, Acorns vents five Calamus ojjicmarUm, The fweet fmelling Flagge. This fweet fmelling Flagge hath many flaggy long and narrow frefli greene leaves, two foote long apeere, or more, yet oftentimes fomewhat brownifh at the bottome, the one riling or growing out ol the fide of the other, in the fame manner that other Flagges ot Flower-deluces grow, which arc thin on both Tides,and ridged or thicke in the middefl, the longell for the moll part (landing in the midlf, and fome of them as it were curled or plaitcdto- wards the ends or toppes ofthem, fmelling very iweet,as well when they are greene and frefh, as when they are drved, and fo kept a long time; which doe fo abide in a garden along time,as though it never did, or never would beare flower : the leaves every yeare dying downe to the ground and (hooting out frefli every Spring, but after two, three, or foure yeare abiding in a place without removing, belides the leaves it fhdotsth forth (not any fra Ike Chap. 48* Theatmm Botanicum. Tribe 3. wicoritt ■vei'Ul five Celamut ofificinitruiii. The fweei fmcllingFl.igge. as other Plower-deluces doe)a narrow long Ieafe by it felfe, fiat like unto the other leaves, efpecially from the middle thereof upwards; but from the boctome to the middle it is thicker, narrower, or rounder, where it beginneth to grow flat,at which place commeth forth one long round head,very lcldome two,in forme & bignes like unto the Catkin or Ag¬ let ofthcHafl'elnut tree, growing upright, and of the length thickneffc ofones finger, or ratherbigger, fet with feverall fmall lines and divifions, like unto agreene Pineapple, of a purplilh greene colour for the mod; part, out of which bunches, Ihoote forth fmall pale whitilh flowers, confining of foure fmall leaves apcece, without any fo good feent as the leaves, falling quickly away, and not giving any feed, that ever I could obferve or underftand : the roote is thicke and long, lying under the upper face of the ground, (hooting forward, and with fmall rootes as fuckers on all fides like unto the garden Valerian,whitilh on the outfide, or greenifb if it lye above the ground; and more pale or whitilh on the infide, with many j oynts thereabouts, and whereat,it hath or doth lhoote forth,long thicke fibres underneath, wherfby it Itaketh ftronghold in the ground, of a firmeorfatl fubftance, yet not hard or wooddy, but eafie to be cut, of a fweet feent, and fomewhat bitter tafte. The Place, The firft is thought by CMatthidlus and others, to grow in lndia 3 Syria 3 6 cIudta. The dry ftalkesof the a.are faid to grow at the foot of Mount Lib anus in Syria,nothx from Tripoli y in the wet grounds there : the other as is faid before. The other Calamus of the fhops,or true Acorns growetb in many places of Turky,(in moift grounds,for fo with us it joyeth and flou- riflieth better than in dry)from whence the largeft roots, the firmcft,whiteft,& fweeteft are brought unto us:but it grow- eth alfo in RuJJla, and thofe other places thereabouts,in very great plenty; but the rootes being dryed, are more lanke or imall,not fo firme or white,nor of fo fineular a good feent. The Time, Thefe Reeds are Grangers not growing with us, We having no further knowledge of them: the fweet fmelling Plagge beareth his catkin in the beginning or middle of Iuly and Auguft. The Names, The firft and fecond have their names in their titles,as their Authors have called them,but whether either of them be the true Calamus Aromaticus of Diofcorides , Galen , and others, it were worthy the knowledge ; for although it be commonly fo taken to be, yet Clufius in part improving it, and I fhewing more doubts, doe make it the more improbable: and it is very certaine.that we have no true Calamus Aromaticus brought unto us in thefe dayes, for even thorow all Turkje 3 with both Phyficians and Drnggifts,0r Merchants, (for they have no Apothecaries fuch as are in Chriftendome) it is notfccne or knowne, for the Arabian word of Cajfabeldberira 3 which is Calamus Aromaticus, they underftand not what it is, and being demanded for it by that name, (although the Arabian tongue be very frequent among them) they (Till will give contrary things for it, as Matthiolus in his Epiftles,and Bellonius in his obfervations doc declare. Now whether it fbouldbe called Calamus Aromaticus , or odorattts 3 it is worth the fcanning alfo, becaufe very many doe thinke the word aroma 3 from whence commeth Aromaticus , is the fame with odor and odoratus • but I finde Garcias a very learned Writer, and others alfo to contrary that opinion; faying, that the Arabian words, derire or dherira 3 C\nniiyin°aroma 3 (as Cafab doth Arundo or Calamus) is properly a drogue ordrugge, whether they be fpices that fmell l weet, or any other thing ufed in medicine, that hath either a ftrong or no fmell, for fo the Hebrew word deror fignifyeth alfo, as CMor deror, Myrrha aroma 3 or aromatizans y the belt Myrrhe, in the Scripture -E.\W.the go. chapter, and 25. verfe, was appointed among other fpices to make the holy anoynting oyle, and in the 3 4. verfe of the fame Chapter, with Galbanum which hath no fweet feent, as I thinke every one knoweth, and other gums to make perfume to burne : and Myrrhe although it be reckoned with Aloes and Caflia, as a fweet thing, in many places of the Scripture, yet it is not fweet to us, as wee account fweet things in thefe dayes, and Myrrhe and Aloes are called Aromata , in the 1 9. chapter of Saint Iobns Gofpell. Garcias faith Calamus aromaticus he knew well, and was of much ufe in India y both with himfelfe, and other Phylitians, as ajfo with many perfons of high and low degree, but any to be odoratus fweet, he knew not, butonely Iuncus odoratus 9 and I thir.ke Pliny firft broached that errour in numbring up his forts of Reeds, calleth one odorotus y and therefore judged to be this,and therefore Hippocrates calleth it My repjic us ,that is unyuentarius or unguent is petit us .And againe whether that roote that is generally called, Calamus odoratus and Aromaticus of the Apothecaries and others noW adayes, be the true Calamus Aromaticus of the ancient Writers. Brajfavolus Ferrarienjis 3 and Fuchfitts in their WntingSjdoe hold that opinion, that the Calamus odoratus of the {hops, which is a root and not a Reed, or a ftalke of a Reed, is the true Calamus aromaticus of the Ancients: which, that it cannot bee fo, let us firft fcan the name, which is Calamus 3 ot Amndo a Reed, which the Ancients alwayes fpeake of, and name no roote thereof to bee ufed, but the ftalke o~ reed it felfe, and which Tbeophraflus and Tliny fay, differcth not, but is like unto other forts of Reeds; although it groweth in Arabia and Syria, as well as in India, and all men phifidy fee, that this roote of Calamus Tribe, i. The 2 beater of Tidnts* Chap. 48. Calamus fd called in (hops, is neither arced, nor the root of a reed, for being feene growing greene. as it is notv adayes in many places, and as it is delcribed before, there is no correlpondency of it with a reed, (and truely'to lee the face of things growing, hath brought many.things to knowledge, which elfe would have lien in perpetuall ignorance and darknelfe : how much therefore the world is indebted to thofe that are diligent fearchers out of the genuine plants of the Antients, both by their face or forme, and by their properties andvertucs, let the good and honeft acknowledge , let the vile orbafenegleft orcontemne.) Secondly, the Ancients declaring the other notes, whereby it may be knowne fay in this manor, that wh ch is the yellower and fuller of joynts is the bc(i,(the thicker and lhorter faith ftey.fomewhat pliant) breaking into long Olivers, (not brittle or breaking fhott) the fiftula cane or pipe being plena arancorum, or as Pliny faith, inefi fiftula araneum or araneus ejuodfterem vacant , praflantior eft cum numerofitor or tmmmfxs, which can be no other wife interpreted, then that the pith in the middle of the cane or pipe, which they call the flower, the more the better, is like unto a Spiders cobweb, (that is full of threads) and clammy in chewing, of an aftringent talfe, fomevvhat quicke, and biting upon the tongue: now although iome ofthele notes or markes may be found in thatbaftard Calamus ol'xhe fliops; yet that is not enough, (for that hath deceived moft men, to judge a thing to be right, becaufeofone or two notes agreeing, the reft being not anfwera- blc,) but all the notes muft agree, for the falle Calamus breaketh (hart and not into Olivers, it is not clammy in chewing, nor hath it any fiitula or pipe full of that cobweb like pith : by which companion a’lmen mayplainely fee, that our Calamus is not that of the Ancients, and that we are utterly deftitute of the true Calamus aromaticus of ‘Dioficorides, and the reft of the ancient Writers: and yet fo perverie are many in thele dayes, that they will (fill perfift in their old errours, becaufe they were bred in them, and will know no other, although they bee told them : but what may be the beft fubltitute thereof in medicines, many have thought diverlly. In that booke of fub- ftitutes that is falfly attributed to Galen, Sphagnum: that is Muficus arborcus, themoffechat groweth upon trees) is appointed, which divers have accepted, and Matthiolus among the reft, but as he faith examining, and conlidering the matter more ferioufly; he is not afhamed to retraift chat opinion, andcondemne it quite, as erronious, judge- ing no correfpondence,but rather a meere contrariety, to be betweene Calamus Aromatietts , a Ample of that worth, rarity, and quality, and the moffc oftrees,which although it be a little fweet in f mell,yet of no other quality equall thereunto. Some therefore appoint the feed of Nigella Ramana, both for the (cent and ftiarpe quicke tafte, ando- ther properties incident thereunto. Others would have the Galanga majorto be the fubftitute, forthe heating and opening qualities, they thinke it hath ; but both the one and the other are hotter in their degrees by much, than the Calamus ofthe Ancients is: Matthiolus judgeththey (hall not doe much amide, that take the rootes of Angelica in the (lead thereof, becaufe it expelleth both urine and womens courfes, and befides the many other good properties therein, it is found by manifeft proofes to be Angular good to expell any poifon of venemous creatures, or orher- waies, and a (overaigne remedy againft the plague, and peftilentiall ayres. But themoft andbeftdoe agree, that the Scjiiinani or Itmcus odoratus commeth nearelt both in degrees and qualities unto it,or elfe that falfe Calamus of the (hops, is the next beft and neareft fubftitute thereunto,although it doe exceede it in heate, the lefle being to be ta¬ ken, agreeing in many qualities therewith, and may alio fafely be ufed, untill the true Calamus bee better knowne, and brought in u(e. Acorns is called in Grcckc sow?.©- & aKojor, becaufe rdhs xopeur, ideft, papilla five aciei oculorum caliginofia me deal ur, it hclpcth to cleare a dimme eyefight. Monardus , Tragus , Matthiolus, Cordtts,Ge[>ter, Came- rarius , Lugdunenfis , Lobe] , and Cluftus t doe all call it Acorns or Acorum , and perperam Calamus Aromatietts offtewa* rum. Anguillara calleth it Calamus nofter Iridisfpecies. Amatus , Cafialpintts , Brafiavolus and Fncbjius Calamus aro - tnaticusvulgo. There hath beene formerly great ignorance of the true Acorus ot Dioficorides , forinthat itwasge- nerally taken and uftd for Calamus , it did amufe them the more, not imagining it to be Acorns, untill fomc more tn- duflrious and diligent, finding it growing in Turkic, and comparing it with that they had read thereof, perfwaded themfelves certaincly to be the true and right Acorns ; and Matthiolus, Arft after them that fo found it, as I thinke publifhed it to the world, and Lobcl and Clufius after him, have now fo well perfwaded moft men,except oncly the moft unlearned, or the moft wilfull, that few make any doubt or fcruplc thereof; yet fome ftill would make the Cjalanga major to be the true Acorns, but it is knowne certainely, that the Galanga major groweth in Syria, and hath neither leaves or rootes like unto a Hower-deluce, as Dioficorides defcribeth his Acorus to have, but rather hath leaves like unto Reeds, nor doe the reft ofthe faculties of < Ijalanga anfwer thefe of Acorns. The Venue;, If this Calamus aroma; lorn be the right Calamus of 15 ioficoridcs,then be faith it hath thefe faculties. It provoketh urine, andboyled with gralfe rootes and fmallagcfeed,ithclpeth thole that have the dropAe. It helpcch tbedefafts of the reines, is profitable againft the Strangury,or making water by drops ;cis alfo for thofe that are burften bellied: it provoketh womens termes or courfes, either drunks or applyed to the place: the fumes thereof taken thorow a Reed or Tobacco-pipe, either by it (elfe, or with fomedryed Turpentine, cureth them that have a cough; it is put into bathes for women to fit in, as alfo into (Blifters to eafe paines. It is ufed in mollifying oyles and plaifters, that ferveto ripen hard impoftums, as alfo for the fweet feent thereof. Galen faith that becaufe it is temperate, be¬ tweene heate and cold, fomewbac aftringent, and having a very little acrimony, it is profitably ufed among other things, that helpe the liver and ftomacke, doth gently procure urine, and is put with other things into fomentations for the mother, when it is troubled with inflammations,and gently to procure the courfes; it is as he faith, hot and dry in the fecond degree, but is more drying thanheating, and hath therein a little tenuity of parts,as is in all lwcet Imelling things. The Acorus or fweet fuelling Flagge as Diofcorides faith, is good to provoke urine, if the decocti¬ on thereof be drunke: ithelpeth to eafe the paines of the fides, liver and bread; as alfo to eafe the griping paines of the coliicke and crampe, and good for thofe that are burften: Ithelpeth likewiie to wafte thefpleene, and to bring helpe to them that have theflrangury, and freeth thofe from danger that are bitten by any venemous Serpent. Iris very profitably ufed among other things, in bathes for women tofit it, asthe Iris or flower- dclnce rootes are; the jnyce dropped into the eyes, dryethrheumes therein, and cleereth the fight, takingaway all filmes or fuch like that may offend them. Therooteisofmuchufe in Antidotes againft all venomeorpoilon, or infeftion: thus faith ‘Dioficorides : furthermore, it is a fpeciall remedy to helpe a (linking breath, iftherootebe taken fading every mor¬ ning for fome time together. The hot fumes ofthe decoblion made in water, and taken in at the mouch thorow a funnel!, are excellent goad to helpe them that are troubled with the cough : a dram of the powder of the rootesof Ac-ortfiy Theatmm Botanicum, Tribe i 3|4 Chap, 49. Acorns, with as much Cinamon, taken in a draught of Wormewood wine, is lingular good to comfort and (ireng- then a cold weake ftomacke. The decoftion thereof drunke is good againft convulfions or crampes, and for falls or inward bruifes. An oxymell or Syrupe made of Actnu in this manner,is wonderfull cffcftuall for all cold fpleenes, and cold livers. Take ofthefrefh rootesof|Aw/« one pound, bruifethem after they arcclcane walhed and pickt, lleepe them for three dayes in vinegar, after which time let them be boy led together, to the confumption of the one halfe of the vinegar, which being drained forth let to the fire againe, putting theteinto as much honey as is lufficient for the vinegar to bring it into a Syrupe : an ounce of this Syrupe taken in the morning with a l'malt draught of the decoftion of the lame rootes, is fufficient for every dofe. The whole rootes preferved either in Su¬ gar or Honey, is effeftuall alfo for the fame purpofes: but the greene rootes preferved are more deGrcd than the dryed rootes that are deeped, and afterwards preferved. The rootes bruifed and boyled in wine, and applyed yvarme to the tedicles that are lwollen, dillolveth the tumour, and eafeth tire paines jit like wile mollifieth hard tu¬ mours in any other parts of the body. It is verily beleeved of many, that the leaves or rootes of Acorns tyed to a iiive of Bees, dayeth them from wandring or flying away, and draweth agreater refort of others thereunto. Itfs alfo affirmed, that none (hall be troubled with any fluxe ofblood, or paines of the crampe, that weareth the hearbe and roote about them. The rootes of Acorns or Calamus , as it isulually called, are tiled among other things to make fweet powders, to lay among linnen and garments, and to make lweet waters to wadi hand,gloves,or other things to perfume them. Chap. XL IX. 'jsirens odoratsis five Schicnatithos. The fweet Rulh or Camels Hay, neft and trued. Ecaufe through all the forts of Grades and Rulhes, I finde none fweet, fit for this Claffss , but this which I brin» here to your confideration, let me, following the like method of ‘Diofcorides, infert this Rufh, and the other that (hall follow in the next Chapter, in the end ofthis part ol fweet hearbes, as a comple¬ ment to the fame. Ofthisfortof fweet Ruiii,ifindetwo forts, afiuer and a courfer, or the trueanda badardkinde, although the ancient Writers have made mention but of one lort, which is the fi- i. I uncut odor a’ut tenuior. The finer fwecc fmelling Rufli. ’3. j uncus odor at us tenuior. The finer fweet fmelling Rufh. ThisfinerRufhhath many tufts or heads of long rufhe-like leaves, thick fet together,one compafling another at the bottome, and fhooting forth upwards, the outermoft whereof are bigger or grofl'er than thofe that grow within, which are a foote long and better, Imall, round and ftiffe, or hard, and much fmailer from a little above the bottome of them, than any Rufii with us) of a quickc and fpicy tafte, fomewhat pleafant, and of a fine lweet gentle or foft feent: thus it hath growne with us, but bore neither flower, nor fhc wed any appearance of ftalke, by reafon the Win¬ ter deawes perifhed it quickly:but in the naturall places it bearcth divers ftrong, round, hard joynted ftalkes, having divers lliort brownifh or purplifh huskes on the toppes, containing within themraoflie whitifti lliort threads or haires, wherein lyeth a chaffie feed : the roote is ftringy or full of long fibres, which arc very hard as they are brought to us, from their naturall habitati¬ ons , which have the lmalleft feent or tafte, of any other part thereof, for fo much as ever I could obferve, either by the greene or dryed leaves that have beene brought unto us: yet MattbioluS faith, he had fome plants, that role with him of feed, whole rootes were fweet, fome lofing their feent; but the leaves and rufhes of his were bigger than ours here deferibed; having as hce faith leaves like Sedge, which is Carex or Spar gar. ium,ox like Zea, which is a large,or great kinde of wheat; whereby I gueffeitwas of the greater or groffer kinde next hereunto following. 2. luncus odoratus craffior. The grofler fweet fmelling Rufh. This greater or groffer Rufh, groweth in the fame manner, that the former doth, but is greater in every part thereof, and lelfe fweet alio, as well as lelfe fharpe and hot in tafte; whereby it fee- meth to be a kinde of it felfe.that groweth fo great in the naturall, as well as forraigne parts; or that it being the fame kinde, by growing in moifter places, acquireth thereby the larger habi¬ tude. The? lace. They grow naturally in Aralia^ria^Mefopotamiai and all that Trad of the Eafterne Countries, as alfo in fome places of Africa . 'The Time. As I declared in the description it commeth not to flowring in thefe colder Countries, and therefore Clufus and ► ' others The Theater of Plants. Chap. 50. Tribe. 1. others have thoughtlt to beatTannuall plant: but affuredly it ~dyeth nobeverv vear» in thnfr h 7 . 7" fiowreth in the Summer time. J y ery y£ar - m thole hoJtcr P a rts , and The Time . It is called inGreeke a popiTn'As?jixvpt:adorMdr fr laftfu©- mguentunus, qttm uneuentu dicatur, in Latine Imcrn, ujuneende. Some doe ? call irVrA rk ^ /v°, mE nuvhosps and corruptly in (hops S ~hu m . Some alfo fall it luZs oZts ZtZ t’Zf'ffr’ rcnce betweenc this, the luncus vulaaru rotundus. and the fweet Cvverus that ic ~,n a t j t0 P ut ac * I fr e " Camels Hay, according to the Latine names, or Squinant if you will. There hath" been c mhrh A ■ ne r ^ Jater Writers, concerning the true Squinant, fame thinking it not to be true which we have in r, 1Ver T y amon S F ba the great Galanga to be the rooteofthe fweet Rufli of Diofcorides, as the Monkes that wrote^r 1 ”’ fom< : makm g Mefaes: Fuchfius likewife and Mgui/lara alleadge many reafons, whytheythinksrh rTff T" are ufed now adayes in the Apothecaries (hops, ai e not the true lancu) of Diofcorides and others both fc r “fw thf are fmall peecesof ruihes and ftrawes as it were, and not flowers or flalkes orroote- which r> r " w to be had in ufe, and that they have (they fay) not any quickebitine afXnXfweet tf ‘r ?'f t’ w’f h ■ ofcortdes faith plainely maybe found in his Itmctts : concerning whole reaVons this I fav tint the fl C> a wblcb D ‘“ feldome brought over unto us, and when they are brought, they arc found of little ciuirkneffi* • ° wers a J5 true ty in fmell: and eafe the pames SftomackeTftSmS therein, and eafeth the paines. ion thereof, it taketh away all inflammations Chap. L. Cyprus. Sweet Cyperus, or Englifh Galinga, , This round round rooted fweet Cyperus. the middle, every leafe feemin^therehv 0t , etb . ort ^ man y heads of long and narrow leaves, foinewhat ridgbdin in feent: among thefe leaves rife manv^f ° and fomewhat hard and rough in handling, and fweet Of this kind'.r^r^ r °ZT m cd ° ratm S l rUcm The greater Afllrian fweet Cm larver than rbr f )Cr f batb be f ne one brought out ot Syria and Eeyft, whofe rootes 1 ’ a Xf a brownXX r ’ the fi f lke bC c- in S (omewbat potter, the feentffthe rootes fom, brow ne colour, on the oqtfide elfe not differing in any thine. There 7 "°%^ le * r Ari j rianr “,nd rooted fweet Cyperus. are Ieffer by the halfe than theTart Tlftalkes aiTfl 7 T “"h T^nl 1 ”- 0 - 6 r0U S h > whofeVootes and leave, thing. the ftalkes alfo niorKr than the imall Spamfli, but not differing in any other but in the lou'iieffe Alter He- nil us Hi * ^ lerm, fpanicus, - - — and leaves were fomewhat fomevvhat ftronger and quicker. O' 4- Cyprus Vft-.. Tbeatrum Bctanicum, Tribe i C HAP. 50 . 1. Cypem rotundiu 0 fit at us u ulgatior. The rare common round rooted fweec Cyperuv, 3. Cypcrui rotuniuA odsratus Syriacus minor. Thclcffer Aflinan round rooted fyveec Cypcutfi A CwriuUneuiodoratut. The ordinary fweetdyperus,or Englifh Galmga. T t,:, ordinafv fweet Cvperus hath his leaves long, and as it were three fquare like the former, and as rough or rard in handling alfo : the ftalkes are fmooth, fluffed with a white matter, like as the others are, and three-fquare like the other time feme what higher, and having home (hort narrow leaves at the toppes of them, and fmall long SfaiSTaS things, lb that they are hardly difeerned alunder above ground, the onely diffe- pamdes hke unto■ tne_otHe jn B th i s is Ion" and roand, of a blackiffi browne colour on the out-fide, and whi- tXwhhin Ml and firme, creeping under the fuperficies of the earth round about, whereby ins quickly rncreafed and hath alio a very good fweet fcent, as well greeneasdry, yet more being dry than when it is greene and frC& ' < CypcritJ dulcis rotmdm eMenme ,Traf, d«lce vocatm. The mod delicate fweet Cyperus, or Rufh Nut. , ... , . . , ' The leaves hereof are lon“ and narrow like the other, with a thicke ridge in the middle, and fharpe pointed, a fonte and dhalfefiilength •"'amongwhich rifeup the ftalkes,fmooth,without joynts, three-fquare,and acnbite Hah or more at the toppes wherlof hand five or fixe Ihort narrow leaves, comparting the (hike, and Handing hke a °u”e from among which come forth pale yellowifh fpiked cares, which are the flowers, wherein lyeth the feed, when their colour is thorowly wafted and decayed : the rootes are fmall, ukc^nto rh” fmafter at the one end , than at the other, hanging or growing at the ends of long; firings, fomewhat like unto the manner oferowing of the Virginia Potatoes, of a pale reddifh colour on the outlide, and white and firme within, of the bignefle of beanes; of no fweet fcent, nor bitter or aromatkall tafte like the other, but pleafant to the tafte, eating like Chefnuts, or rather more delicate. The TUce. .. . , , The firft is found in moift and moorifn grounds,both on Mountains, and at the foote of them, in lundry places JV 7 //rr, and other places m Tejpt, as faith, but is ' rm-inir- eirher in France Germany, the Low.countriesEnoland, wherethey hardly enduiet.he Win- eth ill many Countries, and as well in Spain' and other hot Countries,where the rootes are fweeter, although fm C Ier as in thefc colder Northerne parts on this fide the Alpes: it groweth well in our garden , efpecially 1f theybee fomewhat moift and not too di yf The laft is reported by many Writers to be found naturally § r ° v ™=, n ° W j, Put ncarc unto Venna mltthjxx. Amatu, Lufitanm faith,they arc brought out of ^th,op, a and S, 7 * w Hand And it is probable bv * 2 ) repemnm in Siciha, for Taptifle. Cortefiusm his Mifcelam., Medieval,a mcaneth this,as X take r • but ire planted in SpninemA other hot Countries for their delight and ufe. It hardly groweth with Tr i b e. i. The ’Theater ofT (ants. Chap. 5o. <. Gy perm du'cis lotmdus e/culcntus Trafi dulce vacates. The moil delicate Tweet Cyperus,or RuiV. Nur. 5. CyperUs efeu/ehtiti five Trafi cam forc» The Rufti Nuc flowring. £0 any perfection, neither will it abide the extremities of our Winters; for as Camerarius faith it will rotj if it bee not taken up before Winter, and new £et againe in the Spring, after it hath beene well fteeped in water. The Time . All thefe round rooted Ciperi doe flower or carry their bufhy toppes in Adguft with us, but the ordinary long footed kinde, giveth his tufted head in the end of duly for the molt part. The Names, TheGreekc words HuVsfy©- Cy pirns, xuVsp©* Cyperus, and Kumptf C}per is, are taken by divers good Authors, to be one and the fame plant, others to be different, efpecially Cypirns from Cyperus , bccaule that Tliny lib. 2 1. cap„ 18. maketh Cyperus to be Gladiolus ^ whom Gaza in his translation of Theophrajlus doth in all places follow, and Tliny in another place calleth the long rooted fweet kind Cyperida : but if I might (he w my opinion, I would fa y that Cyperus is the fweet round rooted kinde, then which no other was knovvne to Diofcoriaes , and that Cy peris is the long fweet kind as Pliny doth take it: and that Cy pirns is the water or marfh Cyperus , my opinion herein be¬ ing confirmed by Arifiophanes in Dialog) de cams, where he maketh the quire or company to fay Saltavimusper Cy - ptrum of Bhleumgaudentes c antibus z fo that hereby Cypirus muft of necefiity be here underffood to bee a water or marfh hea/be, as Phleum is alfo, among which the Frogges are converfant: auVspG-, is’ fo called from the round forme of the roote, which is like afitiaU boxe or vefl'ell, in Latine ilfo Cyperus and I uncus triangularis & anqulofus^ to diftinguilh betweene it and the Inncus lav is or vulgaris, ordinary Rufhes, yet Cornelius Celfus calleth it luncus Tiadratusfozziwfe at it is likely in thofe places where he obferved it, it did peradventuer beare foure-lquare ftalkes, but it is not fo in many other places : in Englifh many doe call it Gallinga or Gallingale after the name the Dutch give it, becaule the round rootes are fomewhat like unto the rootes of the ftfiall Gallinga, and yet that kinde with round rootes, is not fo frequent in our land as the other with long rootes, to'befo called for the likeneffe thereof betweene them, 1 thinkc the name is tranfpofed from the one to the other. It is called alfo as commonly Cyperus, and fweet Cyperus, after the Greeke and Latine names. The firlt is generally by all Writers, called Cyperus rotun - dus, and odoratus is added for a diftinftion betweene this kind that is fweet, and another that hath no feent, which fhall be declared in his place. The fecond Lohel and Camerarius upon ftiatthiolus, call Cyperus major rotundas Sy~ riacur, and Proffer Alpinus faith the Egyptians call it Hodveg. Rauwolfius calleth it Cyperus Orient alls mayor vel abylonicus .The third is called by Lob cl Cyperus rotundas Syriac us minor 1 and Gainer arias on Mattbiolus calleth it Cyperus minor Crctisus. Tauhimis calleth it Cyperus rotundas orientalis minor . The fourth as I faid before, is called by Pliny Cy peris,by (JMatthiolus Cyperus, and by others Cyperus longus. Lobel and Lugdunenjis (yperns lonqus habL tior, C or dus upon Diofcorides calleth it, Cyperus Romanns five longus . The laft is called by fewer anus and T$ff? 47 'Fheatrum Botanicum, 14.8 Chap. jo. Tr 1 DEI mtmumus Cyperus dnlcis ; and fo it is probable Thcophrajlus doth in his 6 . boohe de caujis p/antarum, 1 ( 5 . & 17. chap fetkoning Cyperus, (which Gaz.n tranflateth Gladiolus in all places following ‘Pliny herein,as is ateveiaid) amoiT> other fweet rootes to be eaten, DalechampiusafonPliny, C*I al P r ‘ u! F.tbit/s Colsmr.*, take it to bee Malmathalla of Thedphraftus,and Anthakumoi(liny. The Italians generally call it TAs/T, and TrafdolcefDoUo- lim,yndDolceguine as Clujius faith, from Bellonius lib.i. cap.25. and thereafter divers Writers doe call itfo and DukUhbmm, as iJUutthiolus, Gelr.er, Dodone/us, and others; it may fitly bee called Rtrfh-nuts, from theSpanifh 2ttnciaAvellanada,of the forme of leaves and rootes. Baptijla Ccrtefus faith it (if this btehis) is called Ftetrojium and At.KltMtm, andbythe Sicilians Caftanatos, becaufethe rootes talle like Chefrmts. Fora in the description of Mount Baldm faith confidently, that he hath found it by experience in differing the rootes to grow unremoved for three or foure yeares, that it beareth neither (lalke, nor flower, nor feed. But Matthiclsss, C*Jalpir.tu , Lobe! ‘Dodo. and Column*, doe all fay, that it hath both dalles, flowers, and feed, and fo doe give the figure thereof in all Jtheir W orkes t and Clufius in his annotation upon Bellonius, lib. 2. cap.qo. giverh afigure without flowers, asific bore none : but afliircdly both he (if he thought fo) and Pom might be as much deceived herein, as they that wrote the Colocafia never bore flower, which Column* difproyeth. There remaincth one thing more-to be fpoken of, and that is, that many of our Apothecaries, are not onely fo ignorant, that they doe not know, that onely the round fweetCyperus, is that Cyperus and no other, which all the ancient Authors have appointed to be put into the me¬ dicines that they appoint; but are without care alio, or defirc to be furnifhed with thofe things, that are thegen- uine drogues of the Ancients; bccaule the fall'e is better cheape, and ealier to be had, and put into their choifeft. and chiefeft medicines, as well as others, the common long rooted Cyperus in the (lead thereof ; which although in an extreme necefllty, may fupply the want thereof; yet as we all know, no fubflitute can bee fo cffeftuall to all purpofes, as the genuine is. The Arabians call it Saharade : the Italians Cypere : the Spaniards Juncia de olor : the French Souchct: the Germanes Wildergalgats 1 the Dutch Wilde Galigaen : and we in Hnglifh as 1 laid before, Gal- lingall, and fweet Cyperus. The Vcrtites, It is ofa warming quality faith Diofcorides , and giveth breathing to the veines: It provoketh urine, and helpeth to breake the done in the bladder, and to confume the water in the dropfie, if the decoftion thereof be drunke : and is a remedy againft the fling of the Scorpion : it provoketh womens courfes, and is good for the fretting paines and ftranglings of the mother, it the parts be bathed with the decoftion thereof, or they lit over the fumes thereof, or in the decoftion. T he powder thereof is a molt d'peciall remedy for all foule fores and ulcers of the mouth, although they be fpreading and devouring cankers. J t is alfo tiled in fweet oyntments and falves that are warming and com¬ forting. Galen faiththe rootes of Cyperus are of greateflufe, being of an heating and drying quality, without fharpnefle: whereby it wonderfully helpeth all ulcers, that by their over-much moifturc doe hardly admit any cure, andbythe aftringent quality it hath, it helpeth all manner of fore mouthes. It hath a cutting quality alfo, whereby it helpeth thofe that are troubled with the (lone, and provoketh urine and w'omens courfes. The rootes of Cyperus and Bayberries, of each a like quantity beaten to powder, and made up with the urine of a Boy under yeares, and laid upon the belly of thofe that have a dropfie, doth helpethem very much : and both of them boyled in wine, and drunke often while the other is ufed outwardly, doth worke effeftually. Alpimis faith the Egyptians doe much ufe both the powder of the rootes, and the allies of them when they are burnt, to cure the ulcers both of the mouth, and fccret parts, and the decoflion of them to be drunke, to comfort and warme the ftoniacke, braine, lungs, fine wes, arteries, and the wombe ; and if it be taken for fomc time together, it warmeth and ftrengthneth tbenaturall vigour of the fpirits, it is alfo ail efpeciall remedy for cold and moill braines,and the diftillations thereof,by warming and comforting the braines and the fences: it conduceth helpe to the crudities, humidities, and windinefie of the (lomacke and belly, and to helpe the fhortneffe of breath and coughes : as alfo for all cold and moift wotnbes.and thegricfes and difeafes comming thereby. It bringeth much comfort ro thofe that by long ficknefle are much fpent in their ftrength ofbody, and vveaknefle of their flomacks, and faintings of their fpirits; by warming, quickning, and comforting them, by helping and ftrengthning the digeftion, and procuring warmth to the blood, and good colour to the face: it helpeth thofe chat have ftrong or (linking breaths, drinking the deco- flton thereof made in wine. Thelong fweet Cyperus commeth fomewhatneare to all the faculties formerly ex- preffed, yet performeth them not fo effeftually. There is much hereof fpent in fweet powder, and fweet wafhing waters, and to perfume Garments,Glov - es,ftc. as alfo into Perfuming-pots with vinegar and Rofewater, a few Cloves and Bay-leaves to perfume Chambers. The STrayf or Rufli-nuts, arc for the molt part fpent, as junkets to be eaten for pleafure, rather than ufed Phyfkally for medicine : yet it is found to bee good, both for the painC9 of the bread and fides, if a creame bee made thereof and drunke • and therefore very profitable for thofe that have acough.tohelpetoexpeftoratetheflegme : the fame alfo drunke mitigateth the hcate of urine, and allayeth the Iharpneflc thereof: it helpeth alfo the fharpnefle of humours in any difentery, or fluxe, andftayeth it, if hot ffeelc be often quenched in the decoftion thereof and drunke. It is alfo thought by many to further venerous adi¬ eus, by taking the creame thereof, when it is deeped, (lamped, and drained with the broth of fat flefh: for it is a little windy and nouriiheth well, as by the fwcetnelfe thereof may bee perceived, and the qualities of heat and tnoiftnrc conj'oyned therewith. Having thus fherred you the chiefeji of thefe fweet hcarbes and plants that grew with sts, tt u time to convert my file to another forme, that you may therein heart what will be int rented of PLAN- 'J’ribe PLANTS CATHARTICS SIVE PVRG ANTES- PVRGING PLANTS* CLASSIS SECVNDA, The Second Tribe. chap, i TlEine to (hew you here the chiefeft forts of purging plants that may grow with us • 1 mnft as ' well fpeake of them that worke upwards, as downewards, as alfo of thole that are conducing or helping thereunto, although they be not fo forcible in working as the others, 1 lay the chief- eft or molt, becaufe, that as in the former Cluffs feme are omitted that are dilpCTledly re and of in other nlaces of this Worke,fo likewife it will fall out in this and fome of the otherfollow¬ ing ClaDisi and begin with the hearbe Aloes, whofe bitter juyee is fo frequent mufe every where knowne by the name of Aloes and Aloes Succotrina. . Aloe vulgmit HeibeAlfei fweStuptrvi-Jtimmtriama. Sea Houflecke. f, vihevutgarii Hcrbe Alan,five Sempervivnm marmum. Sea Houfleeke. This hearbe hath divers long flefhy pale greene leaves, of the ttiickneffe of ones finger, with divers hard dents or points on both (ides of them, and po'inted at the end likewife, the one endofing the other at the bottomc, and (landing round, the outward-mod bending for the mod part backwards, efpeciallyin thofe wee fee are brought to us; but in the natural! places trending all of them outright and (lifte,or rather bowing inward than backward,\vhofe leaves are nothing bitter in taftc in the places either natural or plan¬ ted, but rather cold : in the middle of tnefe leaves rifeth up a ihort thick (hike, branching forth into a.or 3, parts; little more than a foot & ahalte.or 2.foot high,bearing many fmall bottle-like flow- ers.of a whitidi colour with us,& ioDiofcoriJes faith alfo,but in the hotter Countries yellowiih, as we are certainely informed, divi¬ ded at the ends, into five or fixe parts, every one hanging downe found about the dalkes, from the middle thereof up to the top; it bearetb feed in huskes like unto an Afphedill, after the flowers are pad : the ro»te is thicke,and about afoote long or leffe within the ground, (hooting out fome thicke fibres at the end, and fome fmall ones round about the fides, cfpecially in the naturall places, but arc feldome feene to give any with us, as they hang up in our troufes, but may better be difeerned, ifany of them be put into the ;round in' the Summer time : the ftalkes neir to the roote will lave the markes of the withered leaves when they are paft and fallen away, as may plainely bee difeerned in many ofthofe that are brought from Spaine hither: and (hoot forth a number of heads round about it, whereby it may be ealily encreafed. 2. Aloe Americana. Hearbe Aloes of America. The neare refemblance of the leaves hereof unto the forrher hath caufedit tobethusentituled, for itbeareth very large long leaves, of a pale greene colour, whereon is to bee feene an eye, ot blue or afii colour, being of the length of a man, and of two or three fin¬ gers thicknefl'e in the naturall places.dented about the edges where they are rhinneft, with hard fharpe teeth liks the other, and ending in a hard rouhef bigge bhckifH'thorne'orprick,’ as bigge as a Fan!- Tkeatrum 'TBotanicum 50 ,H AP. I, » Tribe, 2. 1. Aloe Americana. Hcaibc Aloes of America. Alois Americana canps cum Jlorihm ftperatine fios & pliqua femhum* The ftalke and the flowers of the /Aoc Amcr.z flowed & head of feed by themfelycs cons talent, which leaves arc found on the under-fidcj and channelled or made hollow like a gutter on the iipper- lide, and at the bottomeencompafle one another, but growing flat when they are elder after afootes length, unto the end : the innermoft ftill abiding channelled and hollow : thefe leaves are full ofjuyee and full of threads running thorow them, but are no more bitter than the other: in the middle of thefe leaves after a long times abiding, rifeth a ftrong great fpungy flalkc, of the bignefle of a mans armc, with a few fmall dry and brownifh leaves, fparfedly let thereon, and of the length of a Horfemans flaffe in fome places, but riling higher than two fpeares length in o- thersj as at A-vignion, where as it is reported, within the fpace of 45.dayes,the greene flalkc grew to the height of 2 2. hands breadth: that is, about nine or ten foote : and about twelve cubits length, in the Duke of Florence his garden, and fifteene cubits at Rome , branched almoft from the middle thereofup to the toppe, into divers branches, and each of them againe into others, the great branch ftanding out for a good fpace, and then turning upwards ; on each whereof are fct a number of flowers, even two or three hundred, being no other then long and large greene three-fquare hard huskes, thrufting out fixe great yellow hard and crooked threads, tipt at the toppes with yellow pendents ; and in the middle amongft them another yellow round headed pointell, Lofrel faith, of a purplifli blue colour, which is not true, for they are of a whitilh or yellow ifti greene colour, and of a fweet feent: thefe huskes that beare the flowers, after they are dry become the feed vefl'els, which being ripe, are divided into three parts or cells, each containing abundance of white halfe round light biparted feed, clofqly compadt together: therooteis very great, comparable to the refl of the plant, two or three cubits long, harder than the former, giving a number of young fprours yearely, which being feparated and planted, will quickly take roote in the groundj and grow up; but muft be kept from cold in the Winter, and will not defire to be much watered. The Place, The firfl groweth in Arabia Afia, Syria, and all the Eaft Countries, and in India, as well a great way within the land, as neare the Sea fide, and in the Ilands there, as in Socotora as Cjarcia* faith, where the beft is made, as alio in many places of Italy, and in Spaine about Andaloufia neare the Sea fhore in fuch plenty, that divers thought to have made goodftore of Aloes there, but after triall was made, it was not found any way fo effeftuall as tbe Indian fort. The other fort grew firfl in America, (which being brought into Spaine, was from thence, fpread into all quarters ) and in that abundance about C Mexico, as Vines doe in Spaine , which they there ufe to plant, to ferve them in ftead ofhedges, ss well to feparate as to defend the limits of their grounds. 7 he Time. They flower m the hotter Countries, in the firfl Summer Moneths,bat never in thefe colder, for they are prefer¬ red with great care from the frofts in Winter, which will caufe them quickly to rotte,if they fcele never fo lit¬ tle almoft. The Names. The firfl is the A’awi of Dhfcoryics t and all others both ancient and moderne Writersy and as Pena faith, becaufc ic t Tribe. z» l The Theater of'T/tints. Chap, U it inoft commonly groWeth nearcthcSea, many doe fuppofe: it tooke the name either from that is , a.fate fait, or from «^©-’ a Sale, the Sea it felft.with whofe breath it is much delighted. The hardned juyee thercofis alfo iifually called Aloe, and becatife the beft and pureft is made, as Garcias faith, in the. Hand Socotora, it is called Aloe Socotorina, and corruptly in the Apothecaries (hops Aloes Succotrinas, or Sacco citriAa. It is alfo called Aloes bepa- tica, becauie the beft is browne and red like a liver. It is called alfo iy-uSm:, becaufe it not onely groweth in the: ground.butwiUliveaHooiitoftlieground. Some of themoderne Herbarifts doe call it Sempervivam marinum , from the thickneffe of the leaves and likeneffe unto Scdiim, called Sempervivam. Columella in his verfes by naming .Wotb among the bitter juyees, is thought to meane this, and called it Sedumamarum, for there is no Sedum that hath a bitter Joyce but this onely. Another fort of Aloe was formerly wont to be brought, (before wee became in- duftrious, to chufe onely the bell for ourufe) which was called Ofo/Kiw, either becaufe they gave it horles, being' the courfetl, or becaufe it was not fit for men but horles, the knowledge as well as importation whereof, is almol? utterly forgotten and negleaed. It is called in Englifh hearbe Aloes after the Greeke.andSea Houfleeke after the Tatinename, and Aygrecne, that is Evergreene. Pliny and others have written ofan Aloe metaUka, or foffilis in hi. daa and other places, bnt it is found by divers Writers to be an errour in them, and no fuch thing to be found. Thit fecond as Cjomara in the end ofhis Mexican H tilorf faith, is called of fomc of the Indians Adel l: and of feme others eJMagary \ of fome Spaniards Cardan, becaufe of the prickes about and at the end of the leaves, and of others Ft / y Agmtla, that is to fay, thread and needle, becaufe it fupplieth both their ules; the fharpe end thornes fervino as an aule or needle, and the threads running within the leaves being fpunne, (erving as thread, da fins calleth it Aloe Americana, and fo almoft all other Authors after hint, onely Label calleth it Aloe folio mucronato. Fragofus faith that the pricke of the thornes hereof are venemous. The Venues. The firft hearbe Aloe is ufually hung up in houfes to bee ready at hand upon all occafions, to apply a little of the juyee of a leafe prelently cut of, or the peece of a leafe it felfe, upon any cut or frefh wound, which is found to bee lingular good to foder and heale them: even as Diofcorides faith, that that fort which grew in Afia, Arabia,cf-c. 5 s of more life to glue or foder wounds, than that which commeth out of Indio. .- the leaves alfo are found to be ex¬ ceeding cold in the hot Countres, and of very great ufc and effefls for all manner of fealding with water, or bur¬ ning with fire, gun-powder, or the like, healing them quickly : the nature of the juyee, or Aloes it felfe, is fit to thicken, fo dry, to procure fleepe, and moderately to heate; it openeth the belly, purgetii the ftomacke , and the yellow jaundife, and ftayeth the (pitting or vomiting of blood, if a dramme thereof be taken in faire water a it is not onely a good purger of it felfe, but is added alfo with other purgers to caufe the Icffe trouble in the llomack ; it healeth greene wounds, and bringeth old fores to cicatrizing, as alio thofe of the genitors, it healeth the chappce ofthe fundament, the piles and breaking forth of blood from them,being nled outwardly • but affuredly it is found not convenient for thofe that are troubled with the piles, to take thereof inwardly, becaufe it hcateth, and rnaketh the blood of them to be the more fharpe and fretting. It is alfo found to be more helpefull to flegmaticke, than to hot, dry, and cholericke contentions. 11 eafeth the paines of the head to bee taken in pills, or being diffolved to anoynt the forehead and temples: diffolved in wine and honey, it helpeth the foreneffe of the reynes and gums, and all ulcers in the mouth : being torrified in a cleane earthen veffell, it is an efpeciall good medicine to be uled with others for the eyes, t/rftelheweththatitishot in the firft degree compleat, or fecond inchoate, and dry in thfi third, and hath a little aftringent faculty therein alfo, but exceeding bitter; it openeth the belly and pnrgeth mode¬ rately tlie ftomacke chiefly, whereunco it is mod friendly and comfortable above all other medicines, (for where¬ as all other purgers doe trouble and weaken the ftomacke, this onely is found to comfort and (Ircngthenit:) and thofe humours that are in the lower parts next unto the paffage, for it is noftrong orgenerall purger ofthe whole body, to expell grofle humours, but thofe onely that be in and about the belly. And for this purpole the Aloes (im¬ ply it felfe, is fitted to be ufed, for if it be wafoed, it lofeth the moft part of the purging quality, and hath onely a comforting and ftrengthening property left. And therefore if Aloes that is wafht be given toxhofe that are feverifh, howfoever it may doe fmall harme to fome, yet it is found to doe much to others. Mafticke or Cinamon are ac- connted, the beft correftors or helpers to be mixt therewith when it is given : It healeth alfo thofe ulcers that are hardly cured, and efpccially thofe iu the fundament and fecret parts. CMefnes faith it cleanfeth the head and fto¬ macke, and eafeth thofe paines are incident unto them : and that the continuall u(e thereof preferveth any ffotn dangerous and deadly diieafes, and with Mirrhe preferveth die bodies, not onely of the living but of the dead, fromi all putrefaftion and corruption : which effefls long before his time were well knownetothe world, for the man¬ lier of embalming the bodies of the dead, with Aloes and Myrrhe, which Was nfed among the Iewes, ‘as appearcth in the 19. Chapter of Saint /ofou Gofpell, the 39. verfe, where it is faid that Nicodemus brought about 1O0. pound weight of Mirrhe and Aloes mixed together which was laid with the bodyofotir Saviour Iefm in the Sepulchre a But the Aloes that is mentioned in all other places of the Scriptures, is underftood to bee the Lignum aloes, which the Apothecaries ufe in their (hops, in many medicines, appointed both by Greeke and Arabian°Authors, as well inward as outward, for fweetoyntments, perfumes, and other compofitions: and the Aloe tree is onely once or twice named, as in the 14. of Numb, and the 6 . verfe. The parable of Balaam concerning the beauty of Jacob or the children of//rar/,in the faire fpreading of their habitations, to belike valleies ftretched forth, like gardens'by the River fide, like the Aloe trees, (which Saint Ierome tranflateth Tabernacles) that God planted, as the Cedars be« fide the waters. And in the 45. Pfalme where Saint Icromes tranflation hath dldyrrba Gr/ttacr Cafia, it fhouldbe: tAiyrra Aloe & Capa, for the Hebrew word Ahalod, which themoft judicious doe tranflate Agallocham into Greeke, and Lignum aloes into Latine. It is often given to children for the wormes, either of it felfe, or in a few Kaifons ofthe Sunne opened, and the ftones taken forth and fome put therein, or outwardly appl'yed to the belly, tinder the navill, made into a plaifter with a little oyle of Wormewood.or fome other fuch thing. Aloes alfo is of¬ ten ufed in medicines for the eyes, with a little honey to allay the heate in them, to cleanfe the inward rouehneffe ofthe eye-lids, and cleate the dimneffe of the fight, that commeth by moift humours diftilling info them, by drying it up without fnarpneffe or offence ; it healeth alfo the itching in the corners ofthem. Being mixed with a little vi¬ negar and oyle of Rofes, and the temples and forehead anoynted therewith, about the time of reft, doth much helpe the headach, and is a meanes to procure fleepe to thofe that want: if it be diffolved in wine, and the head walbed therewith, itftayeth the falling of, or (Redding of the baire ufed with honey and wine,it clcanfethall fouie ulcers,' Tbeatnim Botanicum, 151 Chap.!. Tribe i that happen in the mouth or throat, as aifo fiftulaes, that happen m. the yard of a man, or in the fundament; and af¬ terwards ingendreth flefh therein, to fill up the cavity. Eriefly, Aloes is of I'o muchufe in the Apothecaries (lions, or fhouldbe, if our delicacy and nicenefle did not hinder it, as either Honey or Sugar ; but the bitrernefle of the one, is founpleifant and unwelcome to this delicate age, and the fweetnefle of the other lb much pleafinuand ac¬ ceptable thereto, that the rotting and corrupting fweetnefle of it hath overcome and overgrowne the wholelome bitterneffe, that preferveth from corruption ofthe other: yet notwithftanding theeffeffs are the fame they for¬ merly have beene, and fo are tiled; being three or foure times wafhed with the depurate j'uyce, orftron'v infufion ofDamaskeRofes, and dryed up agame, it is then called Aloe Rofata, Rofed Aloes; which isafafe and gentle me¬ dicine tor tender bodies, familiar and comfortable to tlredomacke, helping more to flrengthen it than other Aloes and purgeth alfo lelfe than it, yer fomewhatopeneth the belly, and is goodagaindfurfets. The Aloes (chat is to fay, the dryed juyee taken from the hearbe) that is ufed in all thefe Chriftian Countries, commeth from the Eaft- Jndiesunto us, where it is made : yetf abiru Column* faith, he made as good Aloes in Napier, from the leaves that grow there, as any that ever came out of the Indies, which thing how he brought to paffe, were I thinke worthy to be knowne, and might be beneficial! to this Realmc in time toccime ; if in any of our remote plantations (as in the Summer-Hands, or other Inch like hot Countries) the hearbe were planted in that plenty, that thereof fome quantity of the dryed j'uyce might:bee brought to us, both to requite their travell, andtofavefo much paines and cod,to bring it from the Ealf-Indies. The manner whereof as he relatethit is thus: It came into his mindetomake fome Aloes, our of the leaves that grew with them in fufficient plenty at Naples ; and finding that the juyee of the leaves, bruifed according to the ufuall manner of all other hearbes, was unprofitable and unfavoryalfo, or that the fcarifying of the roote, did not yceld any j'uyce bitter like Aloes, or of any worth, hee tryed that way,' to take the Juyee out of the leavesof Aloes, which he had formerly tryed and found effcftuall, to have the red or bloody juyee one ofthe hearbe or thiftle called AttraUjl:s, (as I fhall (hew you, when I cometofpeake thereof in his proper place) which was, that the juyee was robe drawne or taken, not out of the (lelhy fubflance ofthe leaves, hut out ofthe veines, that runnethorow them : he therefore pulling divers leaves from the rootes, while they were fre/h, he laid their ends downewards, round about the brims of a broad ftone pan, that was glafedor leaded, (fuch as out milke-pans are)from the mouths or ends of whofe veines, dropped forth a yellow liquor by drops, which gathe¬ ring together into one, when they had dropped well of themlelvcs, hee flroaked a little harder with his hand, to draw forth what might be had from them, and tookethat alfo that grew thickc from the ends of the leaves, and this he hid in the open and hot Sunne : having thus taken a reafonable quantity of this yellow juyee, he let it (land in the hot Sunne, for three or foure dayet, but fet it afide, and covered it in the night time, and as the juyee drved on the fides ofthe pan, he often every day, feraped it downe into the moifl, untill it became thorow dry and hard, and as eafie to be dilfolved as any : which from being yellow at the firlt, became more reddifh in the drying, and lallly, blacke almofl like dryed blood, yet deare or thorow fhining, light in feeling and not lieavie, of a fweet and ara- maticall favour, but fo extreme bitter, that even theayre was infefted therewith, and became fo bitter, while it was thus in doing, that it was fcarfe to be endured, by piercing into the mouth and throat. And thus as he faith not Without much delight and content to himfclfe he found out the way,not knowne to any before, how to make pure, fincere.tranflucenr, brittle and hard Aloes, of the colour of a liver; and was content to abide the trouble and paine, thus to impart it to others, that they alfo might take the pleafure and profit thereof, to know and doe it if they will: bur having given directions to fome that failed in not doing right, they have left it of, as not to be done. The Aloesofbdwcrenisfaidtobebitterand fharpe in the hot Countries, where it groweth : but hath no bitterneffe in thefe European parts ofthe world,wherc it is nurfedupofdivers. The juyee ofthe young leaves, and ofthe root, mixed with the juyee ofthe Wormevv.ood, that groweth in the fame Country, is very profitably put into the wounds of thofe have becne bitten by vipers: the juyee of the leaves boyled a little on the fire, is a Cure remedy, quickly toheale both greene wounds and old foresmfthe yongelf and tender leaves,they ufe likewife to make con- ferve ; and ufe it for the purpofes aforefaid : Some alfo fay it fiealeth the French difeafe,to be taken in this manner. Take a good peece ofthe roote hereof cutfmall.and boyle it in a large ftone por, with a good quantity of faire wa¬ ter, for three houres l'pace at the lead, flopping the pot very clofe with clay, or fome other fuch like matter, that no fumes'oreake forth, which pot after it hath beene fo long in boyling. being placed nigh unto the ficke Patient, fo as they may receive the hot fumes thereof, when it is opened, will caufe or procure them to fweat abundantly : Or clfe if a leafe hereof be roaded under hot embers or coales, and the hot fumes thereoftaken, will provoke fwratfo extremely, that it is able almod to overcome the fpirits, not to be endured, although this remedy bee ufed but for three dayes onely together. They of Mexico , and other parts of America, where it groweth naturally,have as great ufe of this plant, and ferveth them to as many purpofes, as the Cocar Nut-tree doth to them of the Eafl-Indies, or more, and that is more by many, than any other plant or tree, growing upon the Earth. For fird the mighty tall and flrong dalkes thereof, after it hath given his flower and feed, and becommeth dry, as alfo the leaves after they have beene dryed, are gathered and laid up to ferve them in dead of wood to burne : the hollow or channelled leaves ferve them in dead of tyles to cover their houfes, to defend them from raine, which they can fo aptly difpofe, that no other thing with them there can better performe that office. They ufe to cut it downe before it grow great, to caufe the roote to grow into the greater fubllance, from whence, a hole being made therein, they gather a certaine liquor, which will quickly grow into the forme ofa Syrupe, and beingboyled a little on the fire, will be as thick as Honey, a little cleared and fettled will become as Sugar; diffolved with water it will ferve as vinegar, and will be made into wine; if OcpatU (which is a roote they ufe to call the medicine of wine) bee put unto it: which wine they much ufe, but nothing wholefome ; for it foone intoxicateth the braine, and caufeth drunkenneffc : but it moreover caufeth fofoule and dinking abreath to them that ufeit, that no carrion carkeife, or (linking finke doth fmeilfoloathfomely. The Priells and Painters of thofe Countries, doe ufe the leaves, both in (lead of Paper to writeupon,and to draw anyfigure thereon : the Priells alfo ufe to pricke and wound themfclves with the fharpe ends thereof, which are fo fharpe and drong; that although they can caufe them to pierce how farre they pleafe,yet will they not breake in the flefh. no nor in other harder fubdances,*for thofe prickes ferve them in dead of an awle to make any hole, and the long threads in the leaves, ferve in Head of thread, to fow or tye any thing they would therewith, yeait hath beene fpun into fo good and drong thread as any hempe can make, and cloth hath beene wo¬ ven thereof and made into (birrs, &c. (as dajiih reporteth the Daughter of his Hoad at Civcll in Sparne did per- formc 'J' r i b e 2. The Theater of T/antes. Chap. 2, 153 form£ arid fhew to him, while he was refident there,) and often brought into the markets to bee fold : and being made into a coHrfcr thread, ferveth as cords or ropes in Ships, or other fuch like purpofes, and with it alfo they life being platted together, to worke into Sandals (a kinde of fhooes in much ule with the Spaniards, as well as the In¬ dians) into matces to lay on the ground to goe upon, or to lay any thing thereon to dry : and into (hort coiirle gar¬ ments,fuch as Shepheards and Shipmen ufe,to be thereby defended from heat and raine. Chap. II. iuccafive Tucca Indiapuiata. The fuppofed Indian Iucca. 8 Nto thefe kindes of Aloes may mod fitly in my judgement bee referred, that plant which is ufually in thefe parts called Iucca or Tucca , for unto no other plant that I know can it better bee ad/oyned, the forme ofthe leaves efpecially being fo like, and although the flowers be differing, as may be percei¬ ved by the figure and dclcripjion, yet that letteth not, for fo alfo are the flowers of that of America much differing from thole of the true Aloes, whole defeription is on this wife. fucca five Tucca India furata. The fuppofed Indi.cn Iucca, Iucca five Yucca India puma. The fuppofed Indian plants . This rarfe Indian plant hath a great thicke tuberous roote fpreading in time into many tuberous heads from Whence flioot forth many Ion® hard and narrow guttured or hollow leaves, very fharpe pointed^compafling, one an¬ other at the bottome,.of a gray ilh'greene colour abiding continually, ot feldome falling away, with lunary hard threads running in thent> and being withered, become pliant withall to; bind things s from the nudir v/hereoi. 154. Ch a f. 3. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe. 2. (fomcyeares for it doth not every years with us) fpringeth forth a ftrong round ftalke, divided into fundry bran¬ ches, whereon ftand divers fomewhat large white flowers hanging downewards, confifting of fixe leaves with di¬ vers veines, of a weake reddifh or blufh colour l'pread on the backe ofthe three outer leaves,from the middle tojhc bottome, not reaching to the edge ofanyleafe, which abide not long, but quickly fall away without bearing any feed in our Country, as farre as could be obferved by any hath growne in this land,or in France The Place and. Time. This groweth in divers places of the Weft-Indies,and in our Englifh plantations alfo,of Virginia ,& New-England as it hath beene confidently affirmed to me. It flowreth not until!the middle or latter end of Iuly, the flowers fal¬ ling away within a while afeer they have beene blowne open. The Names. That it cannot be the true Yucca of OviedusfThevct and others, whereof the bread called Cafavi is made, both they and Monardes (hew plainely: for the true Tucca beareth leaves divided into feven or nine parts, Handing on long foot-ftalkes. Yet not knowing what other or fitter name may be given it, let it hold ftill that name o (imea or Tucca, or Hyjucca if you will, untill a fitter may be knowne- Bank intis calleth it Tucca foijs Aloes. The Venues, There hath not beene knowne any property conduciblc to any difeafe as yet found out, or related of it. Some Merchants Eadors have affirmed, but how probable I know not, that it groweth in fome parts of Turkie naturally, and that they make a kinde ofcourfe cloth from the threads in the leaves, which are ftrong and hard: but the Rela* tors were furely deceived herein, for if it doe grow there, it hath beene onely brought to them,as unto us and plan¬ ted : the natives formerly in Virginians I heare,did and doe make bread of the rootes hereof, as they of Hifpanioia doe of the true Iucca, and much after the fame manner, and it is laid likewife, that the raw; uyee is dangerous, ifnot deadly : Aldinus relateth that the wound made by the ftiarpe point end,' of one of thefe leaves in his owne hand, wrought fuch intolerable paines, that he was almoft befide himfelfe, untill by applying fome of his owne Balfamum thereto, it miraculoufly eafed him of the anguifli.and all other trouble thereof. Chap. III. ' ■*Lapatbumfativum & Rha. Garden Dock and Rubarbe, |rjjEcaufeboth the true and the baflard Rha or Rubarbe are forts of Dockes, as ffiall be fhewed ; I have '' 1 therefore placed them together with the Patience or garden Docke in one Chapter, and unto them for the names fake, rather than for any knowne properties correfpondent, I have adjoyned two o- ther plants called alfo Rha, although they have no refemblance unto the Dockes,as the other forts of Rha have. 1. Lapathttm fativum five Patientia. Garden Patience,or Monkes Rubarbe.’ Garden Patience is a Docke bearing the name of Rubarbe, for fome fmall purging quality therein, and groweth up with large tall (hikes fet with fomewhat broad and long faire greene leaves, not dented at all, the toppes of the ftalkes being divided into fmall branches, beare reddifh or purplifh flowers, and three-fquare feed like unto other Dockes: the roote is long, great and yellow, like unto the wild Dockes, but a little redder, and if it be a little dry- cd, fheweth leffe ftore of difcoloured veines then the next doth when it is dry. 2. Hippolapathnm rotundifolium vulgare. Common Great round leafed Docke, or baflard Rubarbe. This Baflard Rubarbe hath divers large round thinne yeliowifh greene leaves,rifing from the roote, a little wa¬ ved about the edges, every one handing on a reafonable thicke and long brownifh foote-ftalke, from among which rifeth up a pretty bigge (hike, about two footehigh, with fome fuch leaves thereon as-grow below, but fmaller ; at the toppe whereof ftand in a long fpike many fmall brownifh flowers, which turne into hard theee-fquare fin¬ ning browne feed, like unto the garden Docke or Patience : the roote growethgreater than that of Patience, with many branches or great fibres thereat, yellow on the out-fide, and fomewhat pale yellow within, with fome dif¬ coloured veines therein, like to the Rubarbe next to be dsferibed, but much lefle than it, efpecially when it is dry, which then hath quite loft that frefli colour, which the other Rubarbe holdeth perfpicuoufly. 3. Hippolapathnm maximum rotundifolium exoticumfve Rbaponticnm Tbracinm fedverius Rubarbarana verum. True Rubarbe, or Rubarbe of Pont us, or Englifh Rubarbe. Becaufeinmy former Booke, I made onely a fihort relation of this Rubarbe, and the efteds thereof; I tliinke good here to give you a more ample declaration thereof, for it deferveth to be worthily accounted of. At the firft: appearing thereof out ofthe ground, when the Winter is paft, it hath a great round brownifh head, rifing from the middle orfides of the roote, which openeth it felfc rntolundry leaves, one after another, very much crum¬ pled or folded together at the fii ft, and brownifh, but afterward fpreadeth it felfe, and becommcth lmooth; very large, and almoft rennd, every one (landing on a brownifh ftalke, of the thicknefle of any mans thumbe,when they are growne to their fulneflCi and moll ofthem two foot and more in length,efpecially in any moift or good ground: and the ftalke ofthe Ieafe alfo from the bottome thereof, next unto the roote, unto the lcafe it felfe; being as long, that is to fav, two foote more, the breadth thereof alfo in the broadeft place, from edge to edge being equall, or as much,of a lad or darke greene colour, and thicker in fubftance than the laft,of a fine tart or fovvrifh tafte.much more pleafant than the garden or Wood Sorrell: from among thefe rifeth up fonae, but not every yeare, a ftrong thicke ftalke, not growing fo high as the Patience or garden Docke, with fuch round leaves as grow below, but fmaller at every joynt up to the toppe, and among the flowers,which are white, contrary to the laft recited Baflard Rubarb, or any other ofthe Dockes, fpreading forth into many branches, and confiding of five or fixe fmall white leaves a peece, hardly to be difcerr.ed from the white threads that are in the middle, and feeming to bee all threads *. after which come brownifh three fquare feed, like unto other Dockes, but larger, whereby it may bee plainely knowne to be a Docke : the roote groweth in time to be very great, with diuers and fundry great fpreading branches from it, of a darke brownifh or reddifh colour on the outfide, and with a pale yellow thin skin under it, which cover.cth the inner fubftance or roore; which rinde and skin being pared away, the roote appeared) ot fo freffi and lively a colour, The T beater of Tkntcs til tp» 15$ toiwaMfolusDiiWaxu . Patience, or Monkes Rubarbc, ir Qtundifolijsvu'garu. Patience, or and a lcafe of the Baftard Rubarbc. lour, with flefecolouredvKncs running tBotow it ttettl«Aoife[l of Aat^Rubarbc,^tbat ^romme A^to^us,_ from e Indies and China, cannot e\cell it : which roote, 5 f the Sum , c to dry it, as is ufed in the naturall pla- ountry by the gentle heate of a fire, in that we wan hino . m be 0 bf er ved, is alfo done by the Indians,in s, and every peece kept from touching one another, ( tQ d B £ em apart . j w m hold his colour almoft as e dryed rootes that come to 11s, who put them upon . wh y enjs c hewed, but not fa much, nor hath that •r\r~«fp — «■ t 3 -r» /-vP filing cnid fn© j LidVC the Apothecaries for RhaTonticum. 6 . Kbit Ponticumalterumahguftifoliumflhe narrower Elecampane leafed Rubarbe. There is fmall difference tetweene this and the laft deferi- bed, but oncly in the leaves, which are alittle narrower and longer then it, being as hoary white underneth and greenc above as the other; and a little unevenly waved on the edges: the head and flowers are a like but a little larger, and fo is the roote, fo that it is very likely, the naturall place oftheir grow¬ ings, caufeth the chiefelt difference betweene them. The P lace. The firft groweth about Laufanna in Savoy as Traons faith,but only in gardens with us: the (econd naturally Upon the bils not far from Cana in Germany, as alfo nere Friburg in Smtferland, and on the mountaiiies in duftria. The third as it is reported grew in Thracia, and from thence brought to Trofper Alphas, at Padoa, from whence fome Apothecaryes in Venice had it ; and Mailer DodorLMatthcro Lifter ,one of the Kings Phyfitions being in Venice ,obtained 3 or 4. feedes, which he fent me with fome other leedes that he procured; andwithme (aslthinke the firff in this Land) they fprung up grew and feeded within two or three yeares, and from thcm,both I,and many other my friends,as well in England as beyond Sea have bin furnifhed, 4 J The fourth groweth chiefely as I fayd in China,or Cataya (for I they are held to be but one Countery) as Matthiohu his Perftaii Vjy I Merchant imb.and in the Mountaines or Perfta, if ye will be- " - * * ceve Trmcavel his Apothecary, turned merchant, as is beford v ^ ..'i declared :Thefift groweth both on Mount£ which was callcd am ong the old Romans Rttmem^ 2 h ff*" n-Rht ^ called a wffde Beete, it is fo like unto the garden kinde butbe- is cdled^mnff more / lea man but will more willingly eate the Beete. The firft here called of moft men Lapathumfatmum, Pat,emit eh Rhabarbaram Monachorum, meaning thofe that commcn den nol ' M ^ H w : ,, TlC m COn M H , , rP oU P ath,m standi folium, to put a difference betweene it, and the former gar- of a«ff»r and V r ChlS a ! f ° C , aIled , it is alfo called of Label and others Pfeudo Rha recemiorum Z rfZ and C amera JtM,Lapa,hum rotundifilium, and of in hiftor.Plantar.I,b.Jol. 20, .RhabarbaricZ' as is af0Kfaid a it r wa^ h eafe h ^ ck,0r balla , rd Ru b a rb.The third Alpha, calleth Rbaponticum Tbracicum ,becaufe meanes bee ncrA, d h 2 ■ hun °“ , of u th » t C°™try of 7hracU ‘ and in his «aftae thereupon he will by no ^nresLhfli^ f d d hatItIS f r . Ue Rubarbe > hut cntituleth it, and the rather becaufe he onely faw the neitherdo I think h^rared 1118 “ h {f e w«h,but not to great as the trueRubarbeifuch as I have expreffed; acreat m?nv with, P fr n W j y tbc ° Uter barke or skm ot tbe r00tes t0 ma!ur,mus faith he cured many: The powder of tire roote mixed withhoney, andlaydup. on any fowle fcarre in the skinne, doth attenuate it, and takerh away the markes or blew fpots, that come upon bruifing or blowes: the roote boyled or layde to fteepe in ftrong Vinegar, cureth the morphew and clenfeth the skinne ofallfoule fpots, freckles, and other difcolorings thereof; and the powder of the dryed roote faith DiofcoriA, clenfeth the face and skinne from all feurfe, and takerh away the blackeor ill colour from any fcarre: the juyee of the leaves dropped into the eares, eafeth them of the paines and noyfe therein, andhelpeth the deafenefle: the decodlion of the roote gargled in the mouth,taketh away the paines ofthe teeth* the powder ofthe roote mixed with honey, and put into old fores and ulcers, clenfeth them throughly, and thereby furthe- rcth their healing wonderfully. Our Apothecaries doe moft ufually take the roote of this wildc Cowcumber as a fubftitute for the roote of Coloquintida or the bitter Gourd,that not being fo frequent or ealie to be had as this. Chap, v. Scammoma. Scamonyc. >Avingfiiewed you in the twolaft Chapters, fome purging plants that runne, or fpread upon the ! ground, or clime up by thole things that are fet by them: let me conj’oyne fome other the like, 1 part growing naturally m ourowne,and partin other Countries,and firft of Scamonyc, which is pro- perly a or winding Bell flower, which w e call Bindeweede: I will comprehend in i j*cr n n r 11 tCr aliOjtnofe onely that in forme and force in working,come neereft unto the true-.the reft that differ (hall follow. '■ ThTtrui sSJnfe!‘ W4 ' 2 ' major albui. TbegreamhiteBindewcd, Chap. 5. TrI be z Theatrum Botanicum. I. Sc ammonia Syriac a legitima. The true Scammonye. The true Scammony hath a long roote,of a darke afh-colour on the outfide,and white within,and of the big- lieffe ofan arme, (for fuch hath becne brought us from Tripoli) with a pith in the middle thereof, and many fibres thereat,(which being dryed as Matthiolas faith,the pith taken out,feemed fo like unto the rootes of Tur. bith, which are brought us, from the farre remote Eafterne parts, none knowing what plant it is, nor whereunto it is like, fome thinking it to be the roote of Tripoliumot Sea-Starre-worte, which OMatthiolxs confuteth; o- thers a kind of Ferula or Ftrulaceotu plant,altogether improbable, but that they are not lb tou"h,but more brit¬ tle, that otherwife it might be thought, to be the right Furbish of the Apothecaryes fhoppes) from whence arile many long, round,'greene, branches, winding themfelves like a Bindeweede about Hakes or trees, or any other herbes or things that (land next unto it, unto a good height without any clafping tendrells, like the true or wilde Vine: from the joynts of the branches,come forth the leaves, every one by it felfe/yet I have feene dryed plants that have had two leaves one againft another,)uponihort foote llalkes, lomewhat broad at the bottomc, with two corners next thereunto, and fome alfo round that 1 have feene, and then growing long and narrow to the end- being fmooth, and of a faire greene colour, fomewhat fhining .- towards the tops of the branches at the joynts with the leaves, come forth large whitifh Bell flowers; with wide open brimes and narrow bottomes; af¬ ter which come round heads, wherein arc contained 3 or 4 cornered blackefeede; for fuch I have had given me, from whence hath fprung plants, which perifhed quickely.not abiding a winter with me : if any part of this plant be broken, it yeeldeth forth a milke, not hot or burning, nor bitter, yet fomewhat unpleafant, provoking loathing, and almoft calling. 2, Scammonia CMacrorhyaji Cretica. Long rooted Scammonye of ( artiyc. ‘Frolber Alpinus, in /<*. dcexoticis, faith, that he in his former times received from Candie, another fort of Scammonye, differing nothing from the true Scammonye here before deicribed, but in the fafhion of the roote which is long and (lender, of about a fingers thickneffe. but purging as flrongly as that of Syria, and this in my judgement doth very neere refemble, our common white greater Bmdewecde,that fliall follow next the Coun- trey making the difference onely as I thinke. 3. Convolvulus major albas. The great white Bindeweede. Our great Bindeweede commeth as I think fo neere unto the former Scammonye,that excepting the largeneffe ofthe rootes, and thegreater force in purging, which may both proceedc from the climate; you would faythis were alum cadem, whole many (lender winding (lalkes.ruime up and winde themfelvcs upon hedges,or whatfo- ever ftandeth neere unto it, having diverfe large leaves growing feverally thereon, fomewhat long, and pointed at the further end, and parted into two pointsat the broad part, next to the (lalkc, making it feeme alrnoft three fquare, being fmooth and of a pale greene colour, yeelding a milke being broken, but not fo plentifully as the Scamonye *. at the joynts with the leaves towards the toppes cl the branches, come forth large white Bell flow¬ ers, without any divifion in them, atrer which rife round skinniehuskes, or heads, contenting within them di¬ verfe blackifh, three cornered feede, like the former, butleffer-, the roote is whitifti, and fmall, of thebigneffe ofCouchgraffc, or fomewhat greater, running much under ground,and {hooting forth in {undry places: both flalkes and leaves perilh every yeare, the roote living in the ground, and (hooting a frefh every lpring, which yeeldeth milke,being broken. 4. Scammniaytionfpdincadilh. „ . „ f . french BafiM Scammonye. 4- gammon,a Monfpehaca dtlla. French Baftard Scammonye. The neere refemblance of this plant, unto the former in many particulars, but efpccially in the feede, Shewing it to be a Bindeweede, hath caufed me to joyneit likewifein the fame Chapter,whicb hath fundry twining branches ri- fing five or fixe foote high,twining or clafping the trees or other things that it can reach, whereon are fet two broad and almod round,yet pointed leaves at a joynt, of a ble wifli greene colour : from betweene the leaves and the branches, as alfo at the toppes of them, come forth many fmall white flowers, cluttering together darre fafhion, confiding of five narrow pointed leaves with threds in the middle; after which fucceede fuch like heads, and black cornered feede, as in the former forts: the roote hereof is fmall,of the big— nefleof ones finger, with many fibres thereat, brownifh on the outfide,and pale within, this yeeldeth more plenty of purging milke than the lad, comming fomewhat neerer therein unto the fird. 5. Scammonia rotundifolia Virginiana. We have had a kind of Volubilis from Virginia , very . neerely refembling thiskindeof French Scammonye,both ' in growing and forme of leaves (as you may perceive by 1 one let by the plant) but the flowers being fmall and white doe open like a Bindeweede, and not like adarre, into five leaves, like unto tl e lad, the feede groweth not in pods, but in fmall heads, being fmall and blackifh like other Bindewceds, and therefore if not to the family of Binde weeds, I know no better place than to infert it here. And peradventurc this may be the Indians Hololnicbi, that Aldinw mentjoneth in his Farnefian gar¬ den to be fo dangerous. The flace. The fird groweth in Syria, and the' farther Eafterne parts, where no froftsare felt in the winter, for it * ' “ quickely TR IB E.J. The 7 heaterof Tlants. Chap. quickly pcrifh with the firft approach thereof, and therefore to be kept fafe in thefe cold climates, it require* dome vault, or ftove, or other fuch convenient place.The fecond groweth in Candy as Alpimu faith. The third is frequent in fiindry places of the Land, growing by the hedges (ides and running thereon. The fourth groweth necre the Sea fide, as well by Mompelier, as the kingdome of Valentin in Spaine, where C lu f ms faith he found it: and the lafl in Virginia. The Time. They flourifh in thefe Countries inlune, Iuly, andAugnft, butthefirlf, and two Iaft, doe feldome perfeiS any feede with us. The Names. The firft, is called in Greeke and in Latmc alfo Scammonia: the dryed juyce which is mod in ufe, is called Sea.ii.uien;r Scammonium, both in the Druggifts, and Apothecaries fhoppes, as alfo with moil writers, yet Lome call the plant fo too : the fame being prepared, that is, bakeJ in a quince, under the embers, or in an Oven: or any other way, is called of the ancient writers Tiagridmm, which (hould onely be ufed in medicines, accor- dingto the appointment of all Phyfitians, who are led by the tradition of their elders: but all Apothecaries ingenerall, doe ufe the Scammonye itfelfe, asir commeth, without any other prepiration, fo as it be of the pu- rcft,andbeft, which by their dayly experience, they finde to worke more certainely, and more fafely, than the Diagridium, which is much dulled in the baking or other preparation: and befides, whereas the ancient writers doe appoint it to be diffolved, and fo mixed with their medecines, or to be boyled in the Eleftuarie, fotobec diffolved, wherein it is appointed tobe put •• the dayly experience of Apothecaries, who are chiefe maftersin their profeffions, or fliouid be, if they be worthy of their name, doth teftifie there againftjfinding that if Scam- monie come to never fo little heatealmoft in the mixing thereof, it will curdle together and lye In knots in the medicine, beate yee it almofl: never fo long after it is mixed; and therefore they alwayes in their Scamoniate medicines, rubbe it finely into powder of itfelfe, without other preparation, and 1b put it laft of all other things into any medicine, that hath beene boyled or heated, and that when it is almoft cold, for feare of curdlin»or gathering together in knots, as I fayd before; and being thus mixed,the medicine (hall worke more fafely with¬ out perturbations of the ftomacke, ftc. and more furely without tedioufnefie or procraflinatibn, than if r DiaqrV dium, were put into it: let not this be imputed as an errour in our profeflion, or a fetlcd wilfulneffe to contra¬ ry fo great and ancient authority, for we know that true experience hath maftered reafon and antiquitie, and we alfo know, that the experience and diligence ofour times, hath in many more things, not onely taught us to vary from the Methode and order, appointed by the ancient writers of Phyfickeandhearbes, but to contrary themal- fo, when we have found either by reafon or experience, that there iscaufe fo to doe, as in the dofeof this Scam- monie is plainely to be obferved. Y os T> iofeorides appointetli a dramme to be given at once, when no Phyfitian with us, dare fcarfe give halfe a fcruple, or not above. The fecond A/pimu fo calleth, asisin the title, and that is as much as can be fayd of it: the third is called Volubilis major & Convolvulus major,by diverfe,as alfo Smi/ax levis major by others, Helxine Cijfampelos by Cordns on Diofcorides, and Malacociffiu Damocratis by Anguila* ra : the fourth Gefner in hortis calleth Scammonia Mor.fpcl , and Label Scammonium Monjpelienje , but C Inf us who in his Spanifh obfervations, firft calleth it Scammonea Valentinas doth in his hiftory entitle it, Apocrnum a, latifolium. yetreferrethitto that of Mompelier as both one : Camerarins and Lugdunenjis doe call it Scammoma mar luma Monffeliacaas the learned of Mompelier doe, and ufe it accordingly : the laft isremembred onely bv my felfe,who fuppofc it by being like in forme to the laft, to be neere alfo in quality thereunto. The Vertues. _ Scammonye being the bajis as I may fo call it, of thofe medecines wh; rein it is put, there bad neede of efpe- ciallcarctobe taken in the choife thereof, that onely that which is fincere and pure, without droffe or adulterati¬ on be nfed in Phyficke; which may be knowne if itbenot heavie,orclofecompadl together,but that it be mo¬ derately light, with fome imall holes or hollownefle heere and there therein; and that it be fmooth and plaine in the breaking, and not in grumes or knots, or having fmall ftickes or (tones in it; fomewhat dec re andblackifii alfo, but not of a deadifb darke or evill favored colour, and that will be made quicktly info a very fine and white powder : this I mention comparatively, for it will be a very hard matter, for any to know the bed; by relation, but by infpeffion; and chiefely by companion of the good and bad together, that fo you may learne to know ci¬ ther of them at the firft fight. The dofis hereof as it is appointed by D iofeorides and others, doth fo farre exceede the proportion of our moderne Phyfitians, that it hath made Vena to doubt, that the Scammonye i nT> iofeorides time, was more corrupt, and encreafed with other things than ours is, becaufe he gave fo much, and we doe give fo little; and UlVatthiolns on the otherfide to doubt, whether wee have any fincere Scammonye brought unto us at all, orelfe that the text of V iofeorides is corrupt, where he appointetli a dramme or foure obolos, that is, two fcruples to betaken at a time; and he fetteth downe alfo, that ifa purging medicine be required to be effebtuall; you fhould take 3 oboli, that is halfe a dram, of Scammonye, 1 oboli, that is one fcruple of blacke Hcllcbor,and one dram of Aloes,all thefe to be taken together at one time:but the greateft dofis now adayes.exceedcth not halfe an cbolns to aftrong body, and leffe to the weaker, or more tender. Pena in hisdilfgcnt obfervations, and declara¬ tions hereof fet downe in his Adverfaria, hath caufed all whom it may concerne,borh to underhand the choyfe ofthis Scammonye, as alfo thereby to bethinke them of the fincerity of other drugges; and that as he guefieth the quantity of Scammonye is fo great, that is (pent in all countries, which is made onely in one, that unleffe the quantity were augmented by mixture,there could not be fufficient fincere and pure juyce.to ferve them by much: and although in former ages, and even in our former times, there hath beene much falfeand corrupt Eragges, brought into Europe , and all the countries thereof farre and neere: yet the skill and curiofitie of thefe times is fuch, that our Merchants taking onely the beft for us of all forts, and refilling the courfe,hath 1 thinke leffened, if not worne out, that fophifticating art in the matters thereof, when they fee that none but true and fincere is affedted and bought: the word: to lye on their hands untill it grow^ better: It purgerh both flegme, yellow choler, and watery humors very ftongly: but if it bee indifcreetly or careleffely given with¬ out due refpeft, it will not onely trouble the ftomacke more than any other medecine, but will alfo"fcowre, fret and rale the gutts in working too forceably, oftentimes unto blood, and oftentimes caufing faintings and fwou- nings ; Our Phyfitians therefore doe feldome give,to any tender and gentle body any Scamihoniate Elefluary, i<55 The at mm Botanicum , Chap. 6. Tribe i. ; and but in pills feldome any at all, to avoyd the dangerous fymptomes that often happen thereupon; for 7 Ihye, i faiths 'sE'uttata, and others fhew the dangers thereof, and Air furs all'o dedareth three feverall hurts or harmes i that come to the body thereby, and the remedies of them, which is not from thepurpofe to bee here let downs. The firfl is faith he, that it engendreth certaine gnawing windes in the llomacke, l'o much offending it that itpro- • cureth a difpofition to vomite. To be baked therefore in a quince, and fome parflye, fcnnell, or wilde carrot leed, ( or Galanga mixed with it. is the remedy hereof: The next is that it enflameth the fpirits, by the overmuch fharp- . neffe or fierceneffe therein.whereby it read ily induccth feavers.efpecially in thofe that are fubj'edf to obftruftions i & repleate with putrid humors;which inconveniences are taken away,by putting thofe things into your decoffi- i ons, that doe coole and quench the heate thereof, and fuch arc the muccilage of the feedes of Pfyllhm, or Flea- . wort,Prunes boyled or rather the pulpe ofthem, the juyee,or the Iulep, or the water of Roles or Violets; > or if beforetheboyling thereof, (that is the Scammonye) you fieepe it in the oyle of Roles or Violets, or in the 1 juyee of a fowrefweete quince, and mingle with it alittle Samachor Spodium. A third is that having altrong j opening and drawing faculty, it cauleth immoderate fluxes of the belly, by opening the mouth of the veines li more than is fit. This harme alio is taken away, by mixing alfringent and reftraining things with it, fuch as s Mallicke is, and efpecially yellow Myrobolanes and quinces, or the juyee of them. Againe, itrafeth orfhaveth I the intrales'and guttes, by reafon of that iharpe juyee wherewith it doth abound, and by which it procureth tor- ■ ments and paines therein, the difeafe called ‘DyfenteHa which wee call the bloody flixe, and Tenafmos , J which is a difeafe, when one delireth to goe often to the ftoole, and can doe nothing; but this danger is remedy- . ed,if rnoylf, fat and llippery medecines be ufed, as gam Tragacaatha, kieUiam, and oyle of Almonds and Rofes, j as alfo the pulpe ofprunes, made up with Sugar, the muccillage of Tfyllmmos Fleaworte feedes, Mallicke and I quinces taken afterwards, and warme water lad of all; all which caufc it to paffe the quicklier from thello- < macke and bowels, and thereby flay it from doing harme; whereby thofe that are wife, are taught to give the i broth of barly, fweetned with Sugar, to dtinke to thofe thathave taken thereof: This fault alfo is helped, if j cold medicines as well as hot. being mixed together be given, thereby to yeeld helpe to the heart, liver, and lto- « macke : thus farre Me/ues. The juyee faith D iofeorides applyed to the wombe, deflroyeth the birth; being mix- j etl with honey and Oxe gall, and rubbed on wheales pimples and pufhes taketh them all away : and boyled in I Vinegar and annointed, taketh away the Lepry or outward markes in the skinne : being diffolved in Rofc water i and vinegar, and the head moyllned therewith, eafeth the continuall paines therein. A dramme or two of the i rootes of Scammonye purge in the fame manner that the juyee doth, if lome of the things appointed therewith i| be given with it: the rootes boyled in water, and made into a pultis, with barly meale, eafeth the Sciatica, be- J inglayd thereon : it taketh away feurfes and fcabbes, iftheybewalhed with the Vinegar, wherein the rootes i have beene boyled, ana alfo healeth apoflumes. Our Englilh Bindweede hath beene experienced to be purging, ] the rootes efpecially being boyled, and the decoftion thereof taken in a reafonable proportion. That of Candy li is mentioned in the defcrlption. They of Mompelier have often ufed the dryed juyee of the fourth, in head of li the true Scammonye when it was wanting, but in a double quantity, which yet did not worke fo effe- J flually. Chap. VI. Scammm'u t fieppoftititi, Suppofed or Baftard Scamtnonyes. Here be fome other plants tobejoyned nett unto the true Scammonye for the flrong purging quality in them, but not either deadly or dangerous, as the Apocynam is, which elfcforthe outward like- neffe might be referred unto them. i. ScammonU Aioufjicliaca Spanifh Ballard Scammonye, This Spanifh kinde of Climer is very like unto the great Bindeweede, in the branches, leaves, and rootes, but the leaves being fomewhat longer, are of a grayifh greene colour,giving milke more abundantly than any, and the rootes being fmall white and brittell, more aboundanrly creepe under ground,and quickely over- fpread anyplace where'itgroweth, alittle peece being left in thegronnd, will fpring up quickely into aplant ready to clime; fo that many being weary thereof doe drive rather to dellroy it quite out of their gardens than keepe it any longer: the flowers are white and flarre fafhioned, but there come long pcfctdes after them, like unto Teriploca or Afc/epins , this loofeth both leaves and branches, and fpringeth a new every a, Secamone eAEgyptiacam. Ballard Scammonye of T'-gypt. This likewife feemeth to be of the fame kindred with the former, as by Alphas his relation may be gathe- • red; for asliefaith, the Egyptians withwhomhe faw it, reckoned it a kind of Scammonye, yet made no great I ufc in Phyficke thereof. It climeth he faith with many winding branches, having long andhard greene leaves on them, greater than the leaves of Srfeli ^Althiopicrimfrutcx: the flowets are white but larger than the for¬ mer fort, and bring hard crooked coddes afterwards, two alwayes growing together, like unto the coddes of I the Oleander or RofeBay tree: from the leaves or branches of this plant, floweth a pale yellowilh milke or t juyee, no lelfe heating and burning the throate than a fpurge, this loofeth his leaves, but not his branches every ( ycare,fre(h fpringing a new in the fpring. The Place, The firtt, grew about Tincia in Spaine as Chfas faith. The other in eASgypt. The Time, They doe both flower in the latter end of Summer, and bring ripe fruite in the end of September. The Names, The firll £V«/>«r faith he received the feedes thereof outof Spaine, and calleth it Apocynam terunmlat ifolium, hotel calleth it Scammtnei Monjpeliaci varietm, Dodensm putteth it for his former Feriploca, and Takermontams calleth ! j ribe z. c The c TheaterofTlantes. Chap. 7. 1. Scammonefi SMonfptlia:* “Jfinis, CT 2. Sccamooe Aigyptiica. Baft 3rd Scammonye ol Spaine and ^Eeypt, calleth it Volnbilh mar'inA. Bauhinus in his ?infix calleth it ScammonU LMonfpel affi¬ xes foliis acutioribsts . The other Alpinns faith the Egyptians call Sechamone, taking it as I fayd before for a kindc of Seammmye, as by their name may appeare : "Bauhiims fcemethto referre this to the other fort of thefecond kind of Apocynum of CIhJIus, but in my judgement he is millaken, the leaves of this being much longer, than in that, and the flowers differing, which in this is white, in the other reddifhand greene, like to the narrow leafed Dogs bane for he laith they are alike, and indeede makcth it his third Apecymm. 7 he Vert ties. Thefe doe purge a little, but to little nurd pofe, none of them comming any thing neere the vertue or force of the true Scam- monye; yet they of Egypt doe fometimes ufe the joyce of their owne kinde, in the dead of the true ficammonye, and to that purpofe doe gather and harden the juyce thereof, and keepe it to ufe when they want better, allowing double quantity for a dofe. Chap. VII- SoldanellaJive Volnbilis marina. Soldanella or Sea Bindweede. it Lthouoh this plant growethby thefea fide, and plentifully enough on our owne coafts, in many ' places, and might therefore be remembred among other Sea plants, when we cometothem ytr I becaufeithathaftrong purging quality therein, I rhinkeitnot unfit to joyne it unto the other of his nature: I will alfo ad joyne hereunto that kind that groweth upon bills, called Alpena or Montana , becaufe the leaves are round, lomewhat like unto theie. This Sea Bindeweede hath many weak^Ocnde^brownifli greene branches, trayling or lying upon the ground, rather than railing it felfe up, or diming upon other things, whereon ate let divers leaves; not alwayes two to¬ gether at a joynt, nor yet alwayes (ingle, one at a joynt, which ate almofl round liketinto the leavesi of ca. but a little unevenly dented about the edges, and thicker, every on (landing on along foote ftalkey and of a gray ifh greene colour; among which come forth the flowers towards the ends, every one by it felfe, ram¬ ming forth at the joynts, in fafhion like unto the (mail low common Bindeweede that groweth upon the ground by the way fides, every where almoft, but a little larger and of a reddifh purple colour: after w: ich come round heads, wherein is enclofed two or three round blacke feedes .- the roote is (mail and long, fpreading a little in the ground, and (hooting up diverfe heads in feverall places: if any part thereof be broken, there ifl'ueth forth a whitilh water, which as well as the leaves are bitter, fait and unplealanc. 2 Soldanella maruima major. The greater Sea Bindweede. This other kinde hath likewife divers long (lender branches: whereon are fet larger leaves, many of them having a divifion, on both fides the leafe, next the bottome, and many of them but on onelide, and many alfo that are fmaller having none at all; yet all of them for the mod part a little (inuated on the edges, toward the ends, which are rounS or with a dent in the middle, making the point feeme double forked, with many vemes running therein •• the flowers are of a reddilh purple colour, and are not bell or cup fafhion, like the former, but confifts of five fomewhat large and long leaves: the heades and feedes are like the other, and the roote cree¬ ping a little in the ground. . ., . 2. Soldanella Alpinamajor, The greater Monntame Soldanella. Fromthelikeneffeof the leaves, this Mountaine Soldanella tooke the name, which hath many hard round leaves, fet upon long foote (lalkes, a little unevenly cut about the edges, greeneontheupper fide,andot agray- ilh greene underneath, and fomewhat reddifh like the leaves of Sowbread, refembling the Sea Soldanella . t le flalkes are (lender, fmall, round, and reddilh, about a fpanne high, bearing foureorfive flowers at the toppes, every one hanging downc their heads, like unto a bell flower; confifling but of one leafe plaited into me o^ each of them ending in a long point, which maketh the flower feeme to have five leaves, having a round greenc i head in the middle, with a pricke or point at the end thereof: the flower is of a faire blew colour, in fome dee- l per or paler,or white as nature lifteth, without any fmell at all: the middle head after the flower is fallen.rifeth i to be a long round pod,bearing that pointell it had at the end thereof, wherein is contained fmall greenifh feede: : the roote hath many fibres, (hooting from a long round head or roote. There ft a letter fort hereof as Clujius \ faith, little differing in funder one from the other,but in the greatnefle or fmalneffe. The Place'. The firft groweth on our owne Sea coafts,in many places plentifully, as well as in other Countryes. The other ii groweth as well wilde in defert places,as in gardens in Syria, as Rauwoljius faith,as alfo on the coafts of the king- & dome of Naples, as Impsratw faith : the laft groweth on the fnowye hills in Hungary as C^ u fi HS faith. The Time . Ihe two former flower toward the end of Summer, and their feede is ripe in Auguflx the laft in the na- &• turall places flowreth not tintill Inly or Augufi , asthefnow meltethfooner or later, but in Aprill in Gardens, i, The Names. The firft is taken of all writers for the mod pare, to be the K 9 a.tea.rU ‘BraJJica marina of THofcorides, all the markes and notes thereof agreeing with this: yet it hath no refemblance unto any kindc of Cole wort, ,r: as the name fhould import, yet many authors doe call it BraJJica marina , as CMatthiolus, Cordtts , Gefner, Came* ± rarius , Dodon&us, and others, and fome of them alfo call it Soldana and Soldanella , as well as Label, Cajdlpinus, Tahermontanus, and others. Bauhinus calleth it, Soldanella maritina minor : we in Englifh doe call it by diverfe b name-, as fome call it Sea cole, according to the Latine name, others more properly in my Judgement Convoh/u - § lusmarinus , SeaIVithreindoor Sea Bindweedc, becaufe the branches winde themfelves, and tne flowers, arefo )c like the fmall kinde of Bindweede, and that it groweth naturally neere the Sea coafts,as alfo Sea Bells for the like- i* neffeof the flowers, and fome alfo call it Tujjilago marina. Sea Fole-foote, for the refemblance of the leaves.’ !, The other Rauwoljius calleth Brajfice marina genus, as it is extant in the Appendix of the great Herball of Lugdu - x ftenjis' and Imperatus calleth it, Convolvulus marivui nofier•• Bauhinus calleth it, Soldanella vel Brajfica maritime q major , and hath fet forth the figure thereof in his Lfrfatthiolus ; the laft is called by moft, Soldanella AIpina, and by tj fome Lunar id minor ccerulea, in Englijb Mountaine Soldanella, (but not Mount aine Binder? cede, as (jerardd. oth, be- > caufe it is no Bindeweede) or ellc Blew Lunary or Moonervort . The Vertues . The herbe and every part thereof zsDiofcorides faith, is an enemy totheftomacke, being fharpe in tafte, and '4 openeth the belly very powerfully,and violently,and therefore not fit to be given,but unto ftrong and robuftuous ;|i bodies, and that boylcd alfo in the broth of fatmeate, to hinder the violence of its working : the decoftion in thereof with fome Rubarbe, is commended by fome to helpe the Dropfie and Tlmpanie, and the powder of the : > leaves with Rubarbe, and a few Cubebes drunke in wine, is of the like operation: the juyee alfo not prefled, ,il but :H i ! '] R IBE.a. The Theater of ( PLints. nr l c HAP. 9 Chap. IX. Convolvuli five Volntiles major's. The great Bindeweedes or Bellflowers.' Here are diverfe forts ofBindeweedes or Bellflowers, Come greater, others leffer, of the greater in t k££l Chapter, whereof (ome of them have beenc made mention by former authors, but others not i wS?i ipoken or by any before. * ■ Cmv ° l ™'“s A**n*rfivec*rHl'Hs major. The greater blew Bindeweede or Bell flower. This greater Bindeweede rifeth up with many winding branches, diming and fpreadingon what ioever it can take hold on, that llandeth neere it, winding it felfe alwayes contrary to the courfe of the Sumie on thefe branches grow many faire, great, round leaves, pointed at the end; ofafadgreene colour, at each joint where the leaves are fet come forth flowers on pretty long foote (hikes, two or three fit together, which at thl hrltare long and pointed almofl like a finger, but being blowen open are like great bells with broad open mouthes or bnmmes, made ofone whole leate, ending in five corners and foulded or plaited fo alfo, and final! ac the bottome, (landing in fmall greene huskes: thefe flowers are of a pale blue colour being in budde : but be- mg open are of a verydeepe azure colour,or blue,tending to apurple,the foulds or plaitcs being deeper or redder which open for the mod part in the evening, abiding fo all night and the next morning, untill the Sunnes heate cloieth them, never opening againeiafter thefe flowers are pad, the (lalkes of them bend downewafds, and beare Within the huske three or foure blacke feedes; the rootes are flringy, and perifh every yeare. a. Convolvulus major pssrpureusfive trifolssss. The greater purple Bell flower with cornered leaves The growing of this Bellflower is all one with the former,the chielefl difference confiding in the Ieafe which is three cornered, and in the flower which is deeper, tending to a deepe purple violet colour, and more reddifh m the plaites and bottome. ?• Convolvulus trifolius virgineus. Blew Bellflower of Virginia. .1 his Bell flower or Bindeweede climeth and fpreadeth on pales, &c. like unto the former, having leaves ver^ t, z. 5. Convolvulus corulettsmajor foliorotundofive 5 Convolvulus pessnasus jSmericanus. J -'---yvMV IVIMnUV JIW Nil Avicenna, trifolio vulgaris Vnginaus. The great blew Bindwecde, with a roundand triparted kafe vulgar, and that of Virginia, The red Bell flower of America, 9 but iffuing forth ofitowne accord when it is broken, gathered, and dryed, and afterwards relented, and kvde as a plailler to the bottome of the belly, worketh upon that difeale (the Dropfie I meane) mightily, drawin- forth thofe watery humors: diverfe alio doe ufe to eate the greene herbe fading, to purge them, even as others doe Scurvie grade : the powder of the dryed hearbe is of very good ufe, to bring or raile up flelh in deepe and hollow V cers, helping alfo to heale them. The Mountaine Soldanella, is of a drying or binding property, good to comolidate wounds and helpe the Sciatica and Goate. ur r Chap. 10. Theatrum c Botanicum. Tri BE h ILt | like unto the laft, but fmaller, and cut rounder in the divifion of the leafe on each fide, and one fide alfo a little longer, bending downewards: the flowers alfo are much fmaller, of a watchetor pale blew colour, changing upon the fading thereof to be of a reddifli purple : the feede is like the former but imaller, and the rootc peri- fiieth like the red. 4. Convolvulus isirabicus five lAigyptiits. The Arabian or Egyptian Bindcweede. The Arabian or tAEgyptian likewife climeth and fpreadeth like the other, with a leafe at every joynt,(landing on a long foote ftalke, parted fometimes into five fmall long leaves, fometimes into more, each one ending in a fmall pricke, and the one or the other lower pcece of the leafe, divided into two parts; at; the joynts with the leaves, come forth fuch like Bellflowers,as are in the former, of a purplifh blew colour. 5. Convolvulus tenuifolius five pennants Americamts. The red Bell flower of America, r This Indian kinderifeth up at the firfl with two double forked leaves, abiding alongtime without fading,be- tweene which fpringeth up a ftalke, three foote high in fome places, branching forth diverfe wayes, being of a browniih colour, and fpreading it felfe as the others doc: the leaves that are fet at each j'oynt, are winged; that is, fundry fmall, narrow, and long, darke greene leaves, but frefher being young, fet on both (ides of the middle ribbe, and one at the end,from the joynts likewife rile long (lalkes.with two or three or more fmall long hollow flowers at the ends ofthem,of the falhion of Tobacco, or the white Iafmin flowers with five points, and not fo much layd open as the other Bell flowers, being of a bright red colour, and plaited like the Bell flowers,with five chives or threads in the middle, tipt with fo many pendents which turne into long pointed pods, contei- ning long and blacke feede, tailing hot like Pepper, therooteis fmall and llringie perifhing every yeare: the leaves tafte a little fwcete and nitrous, and yeeldeth a thinne pale milke, when it is broken. The Place andTime , All thefe are llrangers, the two firfl are thought to come out of the Eafl Indies or the Eaft Countrey towards it, the reft are fpecified in their titles from whence they came; They all flower late, and therefore we can very feldome get ripe feede from any of them- The Names, The firfl is taken by mod, tobetheNi/oE-MvicenandSerapio, which they call gramtm Tlfil, and UabalNil, for there is another Nil or rather Nir, becaufe of the blue colour, which is the Anill or Indico of T>i ofcorides and our times, which lhall be fpoken of in his place, it is called by fome Flos NoRis, becaufe his chiefeft beauty is in the evening, night, and morning; others call itConvolvulus Ae.ureus r> cccruleus , as they call the fecond t rifolins Cr pupurocaruleus : the third and fourth have their names in their titles, as much as can be fayd of them; the laft is called Quamochlit by the Indians, and lafminumfolio Millefolii by Cafa/pinus, who was the firfl as/take it that wrote ofit, Canter anus next untohim in Horto Medico faith, it may not unfitly be called (fior.vol-i n!:ss te- nuifoliuj: and Fabitts Colitmna faith,it cannot be more fitly referred to any tribe, or family of plants, than unto the. Convolvuli, and therefore calleth it himfelfc Convolvulus pennants exoticus rarior- he that fet forth Clstfitts his Curas Pofleriores, referreth it to the 1 Amines, calleth it lajminum Americanum,md fo doth Bauhixus alfo: but in the flowers onely is the likenelfe of the Iafmine, and in no other part of the plant,or manner of growing, all the Iafmines being wooddy and peremes plant*,mi this as the other Convolvuli herbaceous Sc annuall; fome have ta¬ ken it to be the Liguflrttm nigrum ,that Columella fpeaketh of, but with little judgement in mine opinion: the Ita¬ lians call the firfl and fecond, Campana Laettra, that is,fiampanacaru/ea,the Arabians in Syria and Egypt Hafmifen. The Vertues , The feede ofthe firfl and the fecond alfo (for they arc congeneres ) doe purge very ftrongly, but (lowlyand oftentimes with great trouble to the ftomacke, caufing vomitings, yet it avoydeth raw indigelfed flegme, and melancholy humors, from thofe that can endure it, and killeth the long flat wormes of the belly. Chap. X. Convolvuli five polubiles minorts. The fmaller Bindvveedes. part,lyeth with his fmall (lender hayric branches upon the ground, having diverfe leaves very thinnely or fpar fedly fet on them ; fomewhat broade and long, like unto the leaves of Marfih Mallowes,but fmaller. crumpled He Seder forts of Bindeweedesremaine to be intreated of in this Chapter, whereof there are many and fundry varieties, all of them having a purging quality, more or lefle,as you fhall prefently heate in this Chapter. 1. Convolvulus Alihaa foliisi Mallow leafed Bindcweede. _ This fmall Bindeweede groweth not high, nor climeth much upon any thing, but for themofl and cut in on both iides at the lower ends, dented about the edges, and of an hoarie or dully grayifh greene colourjclammye or flicking like gumme to the teeth,fharpe and fomewhat bitter in tafte,when they are chewed in the mouthtthe flowers come forth one by one, at the joynts with the leaves, all along the ftalke up to the top, every one upon a long ftalk, which are very like the fmall wild Bindweedc,that groweth upon the groundicon- fifting of one whole leafe yet plaited,as it were before the opening into five plaites.and being open have five cor ners,as if it had five leaves, broad like a cup or Bell at the brims,and fmall at the bottome,of afine delayed purple colour fometimes,and fometimes deeper: the roote is fmall and brownifh,creeping under ground, and fhootine up heads in other places. ° 2. Convolvulus minor albus Vulgaris. The common fmall Bindweede. The common fmal Bindweed that groweth every where in fields,by the wayes and hedg (ides,fometimes rifeth up and windeth it felfe,but ufually fpreadeth on the ground,with long trailing and winding branches,one within another,and leaves fet thereon fomewhat like unto the greater white Bindcweede, but much Idler, the flower is for forme like the other white Bell flower either wholly w hice or the plaites purplifh but Idle, made of one leafe plaited as it were into five fouldes,and opening wide at the brims, after which come fmall blackifh feede,in fmall long and round headcs: the rootc is Coall and (lender, running both very deepe downe into the ground, r and 2 . convolvulus minor alius vulgaris. Common fmall Bindwecde. Convolvulus minor purpureus, Bindeweede. This Bindweede is in all things like the fecond, faving that the flowers are either of a pale purpliih, or bluifh co¬ lour, the foulds being white or of a deeper purple without and white within, and the bottome fo Ukewife! Which is of much beauty. 3 5 . Convolvuli minor Africmm. The fmall African Bindcwecde. There is fmall difference in this from the former for the manner of growing, the leaves onely make the variety, which are not divided at the bottome, but whole, and ths flowers purple, but bell fafhion like the reft. 6 . Convolvulia African uo minimi". The leaft African Bindtweede. This fort creepeth not as the former.but ftandeth a little upnght,or Ieaneth fomewhat downe upon the ground.like the next Spanifh kinde, the fmalneffe both of leaves and flowers from the laft maketh it noted to bee a feverall ipecies, 7 - Convolvuli" minor Hifpanicm carulem. The blue _ _ Spaniih Bindeweede. This iSpanifl, kinde fhooteth forth fundry fmall branches three footelong or more, from the fmall threddie roote Which dyeth every ycare, having fundry leaves fet finely thereon, fmall and long at the bottome, and broader, and almoft round at the end, fomewhat hayrie as it were all over: at every lcafe for the moil part, from the middle of nieftalkesupwards,commethforthaflower likeuntothe common iort, folded into five plaites, which open intofo many corners, ofamoft excellent faire skie coloured blue (fo pleafant to behold, that it amazeth the fpeftators) with white bottomes pointed upwards and yellow in the teining within them fmall blackiih cornered feede to be'new fowen every yeare/ ma ^ r ° Unt ^ heads, con- r , ,. , «• Convohulw minor Air if lieu flio. Blacke Bindeweede. Eindeweede mecteth not with hearbes or other things whereon to clime, itrifeth upbuta little Z d i 0W ,T- a p ine the S^nd, otherwife meeting with fit things, it will winde witli hi lon P (len! Hf .hr- ■ . * recl< J‘ e branches about them, to the height of three or foure foote or more, bearing his lcaveslmzlv hi t ^ e J 0 . ynts> * 3 °^ er ® doe,, either fomewhat like unto the leafe of an Arraclre, or round like unto the wifde b ackBrionye for of both forts there are,but much fmallenthe flowers are very fmall and man ftandfng tonaher r g ,^ ke ’u hatCOm T thfromthe >°y nt ’ where the leafe ftandeth, and ale ola reddife Ireene afto° ftcnt,mesn ° t r he J cde < 1 -- and fo quickely faded that they are fcarcereglded , ter which come fmallblackifh three cernered feede: the roote is fmall and (lender, perking every ycare, and fifing 1 , f k* I , If if |; i ij: f * : ' i Ml'i rilin® of the fallen feede every fpring, unlefle it be continually weeded out of the garden. 9. Haixine Cijfmtpelos umtofa Cretica. Branchedblacke-Bindewecde of Candy. The (hike hereof is much branched,and the branches alfo much divided,having two l'mall leaves at every joynt hoarie and hairy very like unto Moufeare, the upper leaves being fmaller, and the flowers large, of a pale blufh colourifpread open like the fmall Bindeweede: the feede that followeth is blackifh browne, one in a fmall round head, the roote is very threddie and bufhing,yet perifheth yeardy. 4. 6 . 7. Convolvulus minor purpureus. Cnrakus Hifpanicus & Africans minimus. Purple and Spanifh blew Bindwcede and the Icaft African. 8, Convolvulus minor Atriplicis fo'io. Blacke Bmdwfede. j. Afticanus minor. The fmall African Bindweed: 4. Major Arabicus five Mgyplius. The Arabian or Egyptian Bindeweede. folio 170. . t • Ciffampelos altera Anglica minima. Small blackc Bindeweede. This onely in the fmallneflc, rifing not above a hand breadth high,differeth from the common blacke Binde- > weede. ^ The Place. • e Clupus faith he found in many places of Spainesthe fecondithird,and fourth,grow in fundry Countries *1 ■ of 1 ( T R I 6 E.Z The Theater of '‘Plants. Chap. 11. of this Land : the fiftandfixt were found by Doffor Boelius, (often remembred both in my former and this worke)in Tarbarj and brought tous: thefeventh was alfo found by him in Spaine and Portugal! ■ the eight in many Countries of this Land, both in fields and elfe where, and will bee alfo found as a weede in gardens to be pulled out: the ninth in Candy, and the laid groweth about Drajtonntere Portfmouth, 'The Time, They flower in Summer, yet l'orne later than others of their kinde,' The Namei. They are called Convolvuli & Volubiles, quia crebra revolution vicinosfrutices or herb at implied , ^luflus calleth the firll Convolvulus Alth*.efclio,not knowing to what plant of the ancients it might be referred, unlefle it might be the lafione of Plinje, whercofhe maketh mentionin theja. chap, of his22. booke. Gerard much miftooke this plant, calling it Papaver coniculatum minus, but his correder hath amended it: The fecond is called Convol- vulus Pi Tolubilis minor by mold writers, yetfome Smilax Uvis minor as Dodonaus- and Helxine (fiffampelos as Matthiolus & fomc others,and taken to be the Scammonea tenuis of Pliny, the third is thought by CaftorDurantes to be CantabricaTlinii, and Clujius faith the fame likewife: of Cortufus called Scammonea Patavina,oi Guilandi- nus Helxine flans, of Tabermont anus Sc ammonium minus, and of Label as it is in the title: the fourth, fift, fixt, andfeaventh.havetheirtitlesintheirforeheades.asmuchasisneceifarytobefaydofthem: the eight is thought of many to be the Helxine of Dio/corides, which was called alfo Cijfampe/os, in Greeke b£ln ab innw traherevelharere : & tsai-t*. jrii©- quaflvitealu five Hedera Fiticea , becaufc this Helxine (hould be knowne to differ from Parietaria, called Helxine alfo, this molt commonly growing in Vineyards, creeping up upon the Vines, with a leafe like Ivie : Democritus in geoponicis calleth it OMalacociffos, quajimollis hedera : Lobel calleth it Cijfampelos’altera atriplicis ejfloie: Dodonaus calleth it Helxine Ciffampelos £r Convolvulus nifer-. Tragus ta- kethittobe Orobanche of Theophraflus, which Gar.atxmf\at.et\\Ervangia-. of Thalius in Harcjma flylva, Volubilis media fivenigra.Cordus onDiofcoridestakcth'utobeElatine, Angullara tobee Centuncutus plinii, and Fabius Cotumna calleth it Poljgonum Hederaceum: the ninth is fo called by Pona jn his Italian Baldus, as it is in the title: the laft is not fpoken of by any before. The Vertltes. They are all of the nature of the other fmall Bindeweedes no doubt, which is to move the belly: yet Cluflus faith the firft is ufed in Portugall, as an hearbeof Angular effefttoheale all fores or wounds; Cijfampelos, is faid likewife to purge the body ftr.ongly, ifeither thejuyee, or the leaves, ahd herbe in powder,’be drunke in wine or other drinkc. The leaves being bruifed and layd on hard tumors or knots in the flefh, difl'olveth and confir¬ med! them. Chap. XI, Smilax ajpera. Pricklye Bindweede, >| Here are two forts of this Bindweede, differing very notably both in leafe andfruite, asyoufhail ! heare by and by: but there is another plant referred unto them, which is the Sarfaparilla, that is | brought from the Weft Indies, which I muft adjoyne, and fpeake of it alfo here. i. Smilaxajperafrutturubro. Prickly Bindweede with red berries. This Bindweede groweth up with many branches, wherewith it windeth about trees, and other tilings, fet with many crooked prickes or thornes like a bramble, all the whole length,bending this way and that, in a feemely proportion; for at every joynt itbendeth orboweth itfelfe, firft one way and then another, having fomewhatabroad andlongleafe thereat, Handing Upon a long foote ftalke, and is broad at thebottome, with two forked round ends, and then growfeth narrower unto the point i the middle ribbe on the backefide of mod of them, having many fmall thornes or prickes, and alfo about the edges; the loweft being the largcfl and growing fmaller up to the toppe, fmooth and of a faire greene colour, and fometime fported with white fpets; at the joynts with the leaves alfo, come forth clafping tendrels, like as the Vine hath,whereby it windes it lelfe; the flowers ftand at the toppes of the branches, at three or foure joynts, many breaking forth together in a clu- ftre, which are white, compofed of fixe leaves a peece, ftarre fafhion and fwcete in fent, after which come the fruits, which are red berryes when they are ripe, ofthe bignefle of eaLfparagus berryes or fmall Grapes, and in fome leffer; wherein are conteined fometime two or three hard blackc ftones, like alfo unto thofe of Ajparagtw, the roote is (lender white and long, in hard dry grounds, not fpreading farre, burin the loofer and moyfter pla¬ ces, running downe into the ground a pretty way, with diverfe knots and joynts thereat,and fundty long rooter running from thence. 2. SmilaxafperafruSlunigro. Prickly Bindweede with blackeberryes. . This ot ^ cr prickly Bindeweedc, is like the former for the manner of growing in all points, his branches being joynted inlike manner, with thornes on them, but nothing fo many, diming as the former: the leaves are fome- wliat like it, but not having thofe forked ends at the bottome of every leafe like it, but almoft wholly round and broad at the bottome, of a darker greene colour alfo, and without any,or very feldome with any thornes or prickes, either on thebacke or edges of the leaves, with tendrells like a Vine alfo: the flowers come forth in the fame manner and are ftarre fafhion, confiding offixe leaves a peece like the other, but they are not white as they arc, but of an incarnate or blufh colour, with a round red umbonc in the middle of every one, which is the be * ginning ofthe berry, that when it is ripe, will be blackc and not red, being more fappie or flefhie than the other, with ftones or kernclls within them like unto it: the rootes hereof are bigger and fuller thin the former for the moft part, and fpreading further under the ground. 5. Smilax ajpera Teruana. Sarfaparilla of America. The: Sarfaparilla that cometh from America into Spaine, and from thence info other Countries, hath beenc feenefrefh, even the whole plant as it hath beene brought from Spaine to the Duke of Florence, Lucas Ghinas his Phyfitian, being by as a witneffe, that in all thingsic did refemble the prickdy Bindweede, and differed iri 0*3 nothing Buenos noches Hiftanis. The headcs with feedes of the true Sarfaparilia as it u fuppofed. nothing from it. Matthiolus fetteth downe this relation in his Commentaries, in the 1i1. chapter of his firft booke of Diofcori- des, fpeaking of Sarfaparilia, what plant it fhould be, andagree- eth with G kirns, that the Smilax after a (with red berries, for in not fpeaking of the other he declareth that he knew it not ) was the true Sarfa , which both Ghintts and others likewife had proved by many trialls, to be as effeduail to cure the French difeafe, as rheStfr/4of the Indies, profter Alpinus likewife in his booke of Egyptian plants, declareth that he found in the Iftand Zacjnthus , the rootes of Smilax aft era, whofe leaves he fetteth forth to bee without prickles, growing by a running river fide, to be greater larger and fuller of fubftance, than ever he had fecne them, in any other place in Italy before; and being fo like the true Sarfa of the Indies,thathe was fully perfwaded the Sarfaparilia that commeth from Peru, was the rootes of Smilax adfera-, the difference be- tweenethem, in greatnefle or goodneffe, if any be, to be onely in the climate and foyle; and faith that an Apothecary in that Ifle, had gotten much money thereby,both by his owne pradife, and the fale of them to others for Sarja : and faith moreover that he faw himfelfe, in fome bundles of the Indian Sarja , fome of the rootes, that had the knots at them, as the Smilax aft era hath, and fome leaves therein alfolike it, which my felfe have fometimes feene in them likewife. Cjabriel Fallopius likewife in the booke that he wrote of the cure of the French difeafe, in the chapter of Sarfaparilia faith thus; I was perfwaded faith he, and flood in that opinion along time, that the Sar¬ faparilia , was therooteof Ebulusox Wall worte,»untilla Spaniard that brought the whole plant unto the Duke of Florence , made my errour knowne unto my felfe, for I faw it to be the roote of that Smilax aft era, that ‘Dio- fcorides and other the ancients make mention of in their writings; and was better confirmed in my opinion, by the experience I had thereof, in curing diverfe about Pifa as perfectly of the French difeafe, by the rootes of this Smilax aft era, which I caufed to bee digged up for my ufe, growing on the hill of S. Julian, as with the rootes of Sarfaparilia for two yeares while 1 flayed thereto pradife Phyfickc; which opinion alfo Amatus Lu- fitanus, a Phyfitian of good note, although a lew, confirmeth in the fift booke of his Centuries. ■“ ?****{ a “° fheweth another note of difference, in the rootes of Smilax afpera, whereat many in his time (tumbled: for they faw the rootes of Smilax aft era growing in Italy, to be fhort and full of knots, with fmall fibres at the end; and the rootes of the other to be long and fmooth without any knots: to enforme you therefore throughiy herein, and take away this doubt; he fheyveth that the firft rootes of Smilax aft era, are downe right, fhort, and full of J joynts Tribe z. The Theater ofTlantes. Chap, it. joynts or knots, from which joynts or knots, fhoote other roocesoTfirings, which indry °rounds, are bat fmalT and Ihort fibres, and in the mote moyft and mellow, are greater and longer, without anyjoynt a’tallin them (as is to be leene in the rootesofmany other plants, whole rootes have many firings) and that thefe rootes are they, which are like the Sarfaparilla, and not the firft, which are fhort and full of j'oynts: and that the fmalncffe of the rootes of SmiUx afpera, growing in Italy, or other dryer Countries, muft be rather imputed to the climate and foyle, rather than any thing elfe: by this narration you may perceive the judgement of the elder times and likewife their pradlife to ufe Smilax ajpera inftead of Sarfaparilla, for the difeafes whereunto S arfaparilla is proper: but I verily beleeve that the plant of S arfaparilla, that groweth in Peru, and the Weft Indies, is a pecu¬ liar kind of it felfe,differing from the S milax ajpera, as notably as the Mechoacan from our Brionye and may very well be that plant that Simon de Tovar, chiefe Phyfitian of S mill in S faint, fowed the feedes of, and had it "row- ing with him: and of the fet d that he lent to Clufius under the name of Convolvulus peregrimts,A\i. one plant like¬ wife fpring for a yeare with HoneSlus Lopes , in the low Countries, to whom Clufius had imparted fomeof To. vars feede,but perilhed at the firft approach ofwinter.-thedelcriptionsof both Tow and Clufins , in their man¬ ner of growing, are fet forth by Clufius, in the fccond booke and 18 chapter of his Exotickes or firang things, which I thinke not amide here to relate unto you, yet contracted into one, lead itfhouldbee too tedious to let them downe both particularly : Having put the feeds into rhe ground, the firft two leaves that Iprmw (fay To. Var and Cfi'fit's) were very like the firfi two leaves of Campanula Indica, the blue Bindweedc (and filch likewife doth the leede of UWcchoacan yeeld, at the firft fpringing faith Tovar) the roote afterward faith Tovar fent forth many branches, which woond themfelves, very much about the poales that were let for them to clime on, like unto Smi/ax ajpera, having fuch like leaves alfo, but greater and fofter: the branches had crooked thornesor prickes, growing on them likewife as the S milax ajpera hath, but fewer and nothing fo fiiarpe : that of Honeths Lopez faith Clufius, fprangup with many branches, winding it felfe alio about the poales, that were (lucke into thegroundby them; having fome tender prickes like thornes growing on them, efpeciallyat the joynts, which were (faitli he) nothing but the fiift fprouting of rootes, which no doubt would have takcnhold of the ground if earth had beetle put unto them; it had very greene leaves faith C lupus, like unto Bindweedc, but longer, and cornered like 1 vie leaves, ending in a long point, like to the leaves of SmiUx ajpera ; the flowers faith Tova> were great and white, every one as bigge as a middle fifed difh, which opening in the morning did fade at night- from whence the Spaniards called the plant Buenos noches, that is, good night: the plant of Honefius Lopez (aitlr Clufius, brought forth buddes for flowers, but could not bringthem toperfeftion, the earely Irofis deftroying the whole plant: Clufius faith that he had a fmall branch with three heades of feed thereon, (whofe figure J here give you) the largefl that ever he faw in that kinde, for it had five leaves a peece, every one almofi an inch broad and long, which leemed to be the cup of the flower and fruite, every head which was three fquare and skinnie had within it three round fieede, as big as great peafe, of afmoakie orbrownifh colour. The report of Maftcr White a Painter, unto Mafter Gerrard, ashefetteth it downe in the chapter of Sarfaparilla, is fomewhat to this purpofe; that it is the roote of afhrubeor hedge tree, like unto Hawthorne trees with leaves like Ivye, the comparifon unto Hawthorne is rude, according to his skill,hut it feemeth the branches abide and perifh not,there fpreading very much: the leaves are better refemblftl: but flowers or fruite he remembrednot. Thefe deferip- tions doe feeme unto me, (although no mention of roote be expreffed in the relation) very probably to let forth the growing of Sarfaparilla, whereof no doubt Simon dc Tovar, if he had lived longer, had given Clufius better infoimation : Bautinas in his Pinax, maketh it a third fpecies of S milax afpera, calling it tertia Smilax aFpera India Occidentals: time no doubt will declare the truth hereof more plainely, yet it might be flattened, if there were in any eminent perfon, any fuch ingenuity of fpirit, as to caufe fuch things, thatare rare to be fought out, and brought home (and many fuch there are in Italy, as at Florence, Rome , Venice, Padou, and many other places, that have their gardens ftored with all the rated plants they can heare of, and brought thither) and then ifeare,diligence and experience had the ordering of them, after they Were brought, they might make them fa~ mous that procured them, and be the meanesot a great deale of knowledge toothers, tor the true declaration of fuch things, as arc either doubtfullorhiddeninthecourfe of Phyficke. The Place. The two firft grow in Italy, Spaine, and other the warmer Countries, whether the continent or Ifles, through, out Europe and Afia: but the third is found onely in the Weft Indies ; the bell commeth (as it is fayd) from the Ho;:duras,ozhers not fo good from other places there, as the fertility or the barrennelfe of the ground, and the temperature of the climate, afforded meanes thereof. The Time . In the hotter Countries thefe flower, and bring forth their berries timely enough in the yeare, but in thefe colder Countries, without conveniencie to keepe them in the winter, the frofts will loone confume them. The Names. The word Smilax is diverfly taken and with diverfe fignifications among writers; it is taken for two forts of trees, it is likewife taken for three forts of herbes. Thcophraflus maketh mention of one of the trees, in the 3. booke and 1 6 chapter of his hiftory, calling it S milax Arcaium a foft Oakc, which is like unto an Ilex or Holly Oake. The other which the Grecians call Smilax (imply, is called in Latine Taxus, the Yew tree: the herbes, are firft, this here expreffed, as well as the other more gentle fort, which is the common Bindeweede, this the Grecians call o/Jxac TcayJIx Smilax afpera, as they call the other ouixapXHa Smilax Lev is fiuclenis, and ^-a -he Grecians call euiraf morale, Smilax bortenfis, which is Doliehus or Phafeolus, the French or Kidney Beane, as fhall be fhewed in their feverall places. This Smilax afpera is called aifo of Galen in his feventh booke of fimples Milaxafpera. Theodoras Cjaza the tranflater of Theophraftu:, interpreted it Hedera Cilicia, following Plinye, who faith in lib. v 6 .c. 3y.dat the herbe called Smilax which is like unto Ivye, and came firft out of Cilicia, but is more frequent in Greece, hath thorniebranches, &c. Plinye alfo calleth it Nicophoros lib. 2 4. ctitp IO. It is called generally of all Smilax afpera, onely Loniceras calleth it Volubilis afpera , and Clufius as I thinke firft of alldiftinguifhed it by the berries, calling the one rutilo frulht, and the other two, when as they might aswell be diftinguifhedby their leaves, the red berryed as I take it having thornie leaves, and the other fmooth 175 Ch a p. ii. Theatrum ‘Botanicum. Tr i b e.z. fmooth and without thorhes or prickles, yet Gerards figures have both of them prickles on the leaves, calling the one Lulitanicd and the other Germanic*, whereas it is but one and the fame plant, growing in fcverall Coun¬ tries ■ Trains feemethtobec doubtfullof Twfcorides his Smilax afpera, thinking Lupulus the Hoppe to be it; Label calleth that with blacke berryes S mi/ax afpera altera facia SarfaparilU aut ei congener. And it is very likely , 0 be that kinde that Atpinu, faith, he found with fo large and great rootes, as is before expreffed, and others fo much commend to be ul'ed inilcadof SarfaparilU. The Zarfaparilla or SarfaparilU ltfclfe, isaSpanifh word, which the Spaniards impofed upon this, when they firft fawitinthc Well Indies, becaufe they judged them to be both one thin°, that is Smilax afpera: for fo they call it ir» their language Zarfa, or as fome write it ,ar f a, fignifyin^ Rubse) ’a Bramble, and Parilla vincula, the diminitive of Vitis, a Vine, as if one fhould fay a fmall Vine¬ like Bramble,and yet Cjarcias Lopes Ltsfitanus faith, the name the Indians call it by .doth (ignifie as much. Some call it SalftpanHamA lome Smilax Peruana. Matt bio/us giveth us a figure of SarfaparilU, neither branches nor leaves, having any fh’ew ofthorne or prickles at all upon them, which as he faith he received from Cyprus ; and hath no knot or head,from whence the long fmooth roots fhould fpring, fuch as is in the true SarfapanUa-, which as I fayd before I have often feene my felfe in diverfe bundles thereof: but affuredlv there are diverfe forts of SarfaparilU, the bed being very large &full,with a white pith in the middle,which will rend or Hive in the middle very eafily, and this mod commonly is brought without head or knot, but with a number of fibres on all fides thereof,which mud be taken away before it can be ufed, another fort is not fo full and great, yet rendeth or cleaveth reasonably well and is the mod (pent, becaufe the mod (lore thereof is brought: the third is a hungry fort, and is of lead refpe’fl and ufe, this being nfually brought with the heads or knots, to be leene from whence the rootes fprung, I fay ufually,for Sometimes you may finde a head or two among the middle fort. The Venues. This prickly Bind weede faith Galen if the leaves be faded they have fome (harpeneffe in them, and being ufed ! any way they heate. Diofcorides faith that both leaves and berryes being drunke, before or after any deadly poy- I fon is taken, are a remedy there againll, ferving to expell it. It is fayd alfo faith he, that ifto a new borne childe, j fome of the'juyce ofthe berryes hereof be given, it (hall not be hurt by poyfon ever after: It is given as an An¬ tidote againd all fortsof poylonousor venemous things. Ifadozenor fixteene of the berryes being beaten to J powder, bee given in wine, it procureth Vrinc when it is dopped. I he diddled water of the flowers being jj drunke, worketh the fame effedi, and clenfeth the raines, and afwageth inward inflammations. If the eyes be j walhed therewith, if taketh away all heate and rednefle in them, and if the fores of theleggesbe waihed there- « with.ithealeth them throughly. The rootes as you have heard before, are ufed by diverfe learned and judicious I men in dead ofS arfaparilla withasgoodfucceffe.asif they had ufed the true: for SarfaparilU doth not purge the 4 body of humours manifeflly as other purgers doe.being generally held not to heate, but rather to dry the humors, J yet it is wel perceived that it fpendeth the humors,by a fecret and hidden property therein,whether by purging,or 1 wading & confuming them, much wherof is performed by fweating which it provoketh notably: It is much ufed I now aclays in many kinds of difeafes,namely in all cold fluxes from the head & braine,rhumes and catarrhes.as a!- j fo all cold griefs of the domack.and expelleth winde very plentifully.both from the domacke and mother :It hel- 4 peth not onelv the french difeafe.but all manner of aches in the iinewes and j'oynts.all running fores in the legs,all il fie^maticke levelling*, tetters, or ringwormes.and all manner of fpots and fouleneffe of the skin: it is not conveni- - ent to be given to tliofe whofe livers are over hot, nor to fuch as have agues.The manner of ufing it,is diverfe ac- « cording to mens feverallooinions, for in former times it was ufed beatento powder and fo drunke.- others againe a boyled it fo long untill it became tcnder,which being beaten orbroken, was afterward drayned into the deco&i- - on, making a kind of thicke drinke like a creame. Some againe and that mod ufually boyled it in water, to the » halfe, or to theconfumptionof the third part, as they would have itdronger or weaker, and that either by it i felfe,or with other things meete for the difeafe actempted:and others alfo put it among other things into drinke, cither beere or ale new tunned up, to drinke after it hath dood three or fourc dayes for Phyficke drinke, for the p remedy of thole griefes, it is conducible as aforefayd. Chap. XII. Lupnlus five Lupus fahclarius. Hoppes. He Hoppe is found to be of two forts, one manured for the ufe and profit of the toppe heads, the ! other wilde growing in hedges, and other fuch like places of itowne accord, and was no doubt I by ordering and manuring brought to be larger in every refpeft, and more fruitfull for ufe, fuch as : the manured is: 1 thinke it not amiffe to fpeake of them both in this place, being fo neete in forme I and quality the one unto the other, and not feparate them, or trouble two places with them, r. Lupu/us fativus. The manured Hoppe. The manured Hoppe rifeth up at the firlt, with diverfe great browneheades, like unto Afparagu i but larger, 5 which afterwards fpreading into rough bi anches, clime upon great high poles, that are (ct for them to ruune on, i, having many hard and rough datke greene leaves on them, cut into three or five divifions, fomewhat like unto n Bramble leaves, and dented alfo about the edges: at the toppes of the branches, which hang doyvne againe, for r the moll part come forth many fcaly heads, being as it were a number of fmall yellowifh greene leaves,growing i- thicke together; from among which come forth the flowers, of a whitifh yellow colour, which being pall, anil ;! the heads changing their colour, to be fomewhat whidlh yellow, they are fit then to be gathered to keepe : and l then there is a fmall round feede found therein: the roote is great at the head, (hooting forth many blackiih I' firings, taking fad hold of the ground. a. Lupulus fyheflris. The wilde Hoppe. The wilde Hoppe groweth up in the fame manner, ramping upon trees or hedges, as (landeth next unto them, , with rough branches and leaves like the fotmer: this giveth both fmaller heades, and in farre leffe plenty, than the manured doth, yea many times, there is fcarfe a head or two feene in a years upon diverfe, and herein con- fifleth the cjiiefe difference, " “ " (Tie Xkibe Z. The Theater of 'T [antes. Chap. iz. Lupulus JalUtarius. Hoppes. The Place . Thefe plants are more frequent in thefe colder, than in the hotter countries, which fheweth the goodnefle of God unto us, to provide for every Country, iuch things as are fit for the fuftentation of life; for where Vines grow not, and the water too cold and raw, to drinkc limply of it felfc, there are thefe Hoppes chiefely bred to make drinke to ferve infteadof wine or water: They delight chiefly, or rather onely to grow well,in low moift grounds,where they may have moyfture enough,and yet not too much; for therefore where they are planted on hil- lockes, as it were, there are trenches made to receive any great quantity of water, and bee conveyed away, that the plants ftand not drowned therein. * The Time. Thefe fpring not up untill April/, and Bower not untill the latter end of tune, the heads are not gathered, untill the middle or end of September. The Names. It isobferved and much marveiled at, by our ordinary wri¬ ters, that this plant fhould not be remembred by Diofcorides, Galen , or any other of the ancient Grceke or Latine writers except Pliny , who doth but onely name it and,number it among fholeherbes that grow of themfelvcs, and that are ufed for meate with diverfe nations, calling it Lupulus fahttarius. The Arabians have not onely remembred it, but commended the ufe of it highly for many difeafes, as you fhall hearc by and by. ATefues maketh it his third kind of Volubilis with rough leaves, among his purging plants: the Greekes at this day call it & fyvwia, Bryon and Bryonia it is likely for the forme of the leaves and running of the branches. It is called Lupulus & Lupus falibi arias, (Sr reptitius (quia falit & reptatper arboreSj velquia fcandit falices ) of all our moderne writers, onely Lobel calleth it Vitisjeptentrionalium, the Vine of the Northerne re¬ gions, and Tragus as I fayd before thinking it to be S milax afpe- ra ; the Italians call it Lupolo • the Spaniards Hombrazillos, the French Houblon, the (Jermaines Hop fen, the Dutch Hoppe , and we in Englijh Hoppes , The Venues „ The firft buds of the Hoppes, being layd a while in (and, maketh them the tenderer, and being boyled are ufed to be eaten, after the fame manner that the buds of Afparagus are, and with as great delight for the tafle, yet they have little nourifhment in them: their Phyficail operation therefore is to open, the obftruftions of the Liver and lplecne, to clenfe the blood, to ioefen the belly, and to clenfe the Raines from gravell, and to caufe them to r 111 flayed: the decoft ion of the toppes ot the Hoppes, of the came as well as of the wilde, and loalfotherootesdoe workethe fame cffe&s, but that they arefomewhat hotter than the young buds, which have more moyltute in them : in clenfing the blood, they helpe to cure the french difeafe, and all manner of Icabbcs, itch, and other breakings out in the body, as allb all tetters, ringwormes and fpreading fores, themor- phew hkewile and all difcolourings of the skin, and are ufed in Agues: the decocTion of the flowers and tops, are u.edto be drunk,to helpe and expellpoyfon that any one hathdrunk:halfa dram of the feede in powder taken in dnnKjkilleth the worms m the body,it likewife bringeth down womens couries,& expelleth Vrine. The flowers and heads,being put into bathes for women to fit in,take a way the] fwellings and hardnefle of the Mother, and is good ror the ltrangurie,or thofe that very hardly make their water ; the juyee of the leaves dropped into the cares, clcnleth the corrupt fores, and flench ari'fing from the corruption in them; Mefues faith they purgecho- cr, bj.it worke more cffeftually, being fteeped in whey of goates milke : A Syrupe made of the niyce and fugar, cureth thofe that have the yellow jaundife, eafeth the headach that cometh ofheate, and tempereththe heate otn or the liver and flomack.and is veryprofitably given in long A: hot agues,that rife ofcholer and blood ;Thofe 3 r £ “ c c ’ ec0( fl' 0n of Hoppes,to mould up their bread,lhal make thereby their bread to rife better, and be baked the fooner: Cltfms reciteth the manner of amedecine ufed in Spaine,by women leeches,to cure the ailing or the haire ,cauled by the french difeafe,in this fort. A pound of fhccoors of Hopps,wel washed Sc boyled hi b pints of fairs water,to the confumption of the third part,or a halfe if they fee caufc; whereof they give half a pint to drink in a mojning,cauling them to fweate well after- into the decoffion they put foindtrmes,-two or three roots of partly,and as many of couch grafle,with a few Rayfins of the funne.The Ale which our forefarhers.werc acculromed onely to drinke, being a kindc of thicker drinke than beere (cauled a llranger to fay ofit, Nil fpijjius um 'bitur^ nilclarius dummingitur^ unde conjlat muitas faces in ventre relinqujt , that is,there is no drinke thicker that is drunke, there is no Vfine clcerer that is made from it, it mult needes be therefore that it lcaveth much emndeitinthebelly) is now almoft quite left offtobemade,theufe of Hoppes to be put therein, altering the quality thereof, to be much more healthfull, or rather phyficail, to preferve the body from the repletion ofgroffe humors, whKhthe Ale e»g enc l r ed. The Wilde Hoppes are generally ufed Phyfically more than the manured, eitner became the Wilde is thought to be the more opening, and effc&ualf, or more eafily to come by, or that the owners of the manured, will not fpare, or lofe fo much profit, as that which would be taken away might yeeld: yec afluredly they are both of one property, take which you will, or can get. Chap,; l 77 1 ; [fl ; 3 178 Chap. 1^. Theatrum ‘Botamcum. R 1 B E.Z. Chap'. XIII. Bryonia five Vitis fylvefiris . Bryonie or W ilde V ine, |Nder this title of Bryonye I niuft comprehend diverfe and fundry plants, fome whereof are of our Land, and found plentifully therein t others are ftrangers commingfrom other parts: Among which I muft remember the Mechoacan of America , a plant neereft refemblin® the white Bryonic, as you (hall heare when we come to it, and fame others alfo that are ftrangers of thoie parts, 1. Bryonia vulgaris five Vitis alba. The common white Bryonie or wild V ine. The white Bryonie or wild Vine that groweth commonly abroad, ramping up on the hedges, fendeth forth many long rough, very tender branches at the beginning,growing with many very rough broad leaves thereon, cut into five partitions for the moft parr, in forme very like a Vine leafe, but (mailer, rougher, and of a whitifb or hoarie greene colour, fpreading very farre upon trees or bufhes, or whatsoever ftandeth next it, and twining with his fmall clafpers, that come forth at the joynts with the leaves: at the (evcrall joynts alfo with the leaves and clafpers come forth, (efpccially towards the toppes of the branches) along ftalke, bearing thereon many whitifh flowers, together ;n a long tufte, confiding of five fmall leaves apeece, layd open like a ftarre; after which come the berries, ftanding more feperate one from another then a duller of grapes,greene at the firft, and very red when they arc through ripe, of the bignefle of Nightfhade berries, of no good lent, but of a moft loathfome taftc,provoking vomit: the roote groweth to be exceeding greate, with many long twines or bran¬ ches growing from it, of a pale whitifh colour on the outfidc, and more white within, and of a lharpe bitter loathfome talk. . a, 'Bryonia alba vulgaris fiuttu nigro. Common white Bryonie with blackc berries. This Bryonie differeth from the former white kinde, neither in the running rough branches or in the leaves, or in any other thing from it, but in thele two particulars: the berries hereof are blacke and not red, when they are through ripe, and the roote is of a pale yellow colour on the infide, and fomewhat brownifhon the out- fide. 3. Bryonia Cretica dicoccos, Candie white Bryonie with double berries. The white Bryonie of Candy, fbooteth forth many long rough tray ling branches, in the fame manner like the former in all refpefts, with clalping tendrells winding it lclfe upon any thing as the other doth; bearing broad leaves with fuch divifions therein, as it hath,but that they are fomewhat fmaller, greener, and (triped with white lines thorough the middle, as likewife in the vcynesthatgoeto the corners: the flowers likewne are fomewhat greater than the former, of a pale whitifh colour, ftanding every one, upon a little longer foote ltalke, which giveberryes in their places, greene at the firft, but red when they are ripe, and formed in a differing manner from the others; for ftanding (emicircular upon the ftalkes, they are joyned at the bottome, as it it were but 1 . Bryonia alba vulgaris: White Bryonie. 6. BrjOuia Sylvefirisnigra. Common blacke Bryonie. I R t B k 2. The Theater of Tlantes. Chap. 15, one berrie, but arc parted at the toppes into two parts, wherein are conteined two feedes, from whence rofe the name: the roote is very long, but never growing to be bigger than a mans arme, of a browner colour on the ourfide, and not l’o white within as the common. 4. Bryonia nigra Diofcoridis. Blacke Bryonie with blacke fruire in cinders. This blacke Bryonie fendethforth many longgreenebranches, whereonarc fetdiverle broadleaves, fome- what long pointed and not divided on the edges at all, of a fad or darke greene colour, having at the joynts with the leaves c’afping tendrells, whereby it windeth it felfe about whatfoever it meeteth with,towards the toppes come forth likewife long bunches of whitifh moffie flowers, which afterward turne into berryes.greene at the firft, and blacke when they be ripe.- the roote is fomewhat great and blackifh on the outfide, butof ayellowifh colour on the infide, full of a clammie moyft humour or juyee, that will cleave to your fingers. 5. Bryonia nigra baccifera, Blacke Bryonie with fingle red berries. This kinde of Bryonie hath many long and fquare branches, more hard or wooddy than the lad, winding themfelves about everything that ftandeth next unto them, but hath no clafpers at all, the leaves are fame- what like unto the great white Bindevvecde, of a Ihining colour, a little unevenly dented about the ed^es.and (tending upon long foote ftalkes: towards the toppes of thedalkes, at the joynts with the leaves, come forth white flowers, every one (landing cm a (hort ftalke, which afterwards give fingle berries, greene at the firft; and red when they are ripe, little lefle than Cherryes, wherein are contained fowe or five fomewhat large round and blacke feede: the roote is great thicke and long, fomewhat like the lad, and having fuchlike clammie juyee within it as it hath. 1 6 . ’Bryonia nigra fylvejtris,five Sigillum Sanft* MarU. Common blacke Bryonie or our ladiesfignet. This kinde of Bryonie hath alfo long trayling branches, without any clafping tendrills, (in all places that I have fecne) whereby it might fallen and winde it felfe, the leaves are fomewhat broade and like unto the leaves of the rough or pnckely Bindeweede,ending in a lharpe point: the flowers come forth at the joynts upon long ftalkes, many cluttering together, in long thinne or fparfed clutters, every one confiding of five fmall white leaves, and after they are fallen,there come in their places,Imall berries, red when they are ripe for the moft part, or changing fomewhat blackiih, in fome places by Handing long ■■ the roote is brownifh on the outfide, and white within, fomewhat great if it grow in moyft grounds, but much fmaller or whiter, in hard dryeorftonic places,as DalechamgiM faith; of a little hot and lharpe cade. 7. Bryonia alba Peruana five Mechoacan. The Mechoacan of Peru. The Mecboacan of Peru that hath growen inthefe parts, fendeth forth divers darke grayilhlong branches,’ winding themfelves about Poales that are fet for them, or any other things that are next unto them,whereon dod grow faire broad leaves,pointed at the ends,very like in forme, unto the leaves of the laft recited Ladies feale, but of a darke greene colour,thinner and harder in handling,feeming fo dry as though they had no juyee in theft s the flowers are many, (landing in long clutters, yet everyone bigger than any of the former, (of afullen yellow colour in the Indies as Monariw faith, and as large as an Orenge flower,with an umbone in the middle, which afterwards becommeth the fruite, and being ripe is as big as an hafell nut, divided by a thin skinne in the middle, in each fide whereof lye two blacke feedes of the bigneffe of peafe) of a darke whitifh colour in the war¬ mer Countries of but not with us, yeelding berries and feede but not fo large: the roote groweth to be as great as any Bryonie roote, being nor bitter or'loathfome to tafte, as it is, but rather altogether without either tafte or fmell, having many circles in it, as may be difeerned in the dry rootes, that come over to us, and may eafily be brought into powder. 8 . (^Mechoacan [ylveflris. Wild Mechoacan. This wild kind of Mechoacan is altogether like the other, Mechoacant radix. The roote of Mechoacan, 7. Bryonia alia Peruana fine {Mechoacan, The Mcchacan of Peru. Theatrum c Botankum , eSo Chap. 13. r1B E.Z. both in manner of growing, w ith branches .leaves,flowers and rootes, but leffer in every particular, and the roote (wherein is the chiefeft difference) being lharpe and loathfome.procuring vomiting and troubling the ftomacke, when it is taken,as mch as any ordinary Bryonie can doe. 9. tMechoaean nigricans Jive Ialapium. BlackeMechoacanor Ialap, Although we have not feene this Ialap grow withus, or have heard it to grow in any thefepartsof Europe, neither are a (fared that the plant thereof is of this family,more than by conjefture.and fight of the dryed rootes, (brought unto us as a Merchandife and a purging roote ) being femewhat like in vertue and in forme unto the fmaller peeces of the former Mechoacan ; yet 1 thought good to make mention of it in this place, among the red of this kinde, both to let it be knowne to thcworld, and to excite fome one orotherto getthe feede, or the greene roote, that by fight thereof growing frefh, we may know to what tribe or family it doth belong; it com- meth to us in fmall thinne peeccs, fome greater lome fmaller, yet nothing fo large as the greater, but rather as the fmaller peeces of CMcckoacan, of a brownifh blacke colour, lomewhat more folid, hard, compaft, and gummie withall,for out of it will rife a black gum,being layd on a quick or burning coale,but not (flame in any that I have f-eneor trved 1 and of no unpleafant tafte; but (licking a little.in the teeth when it is chewed. ' The Place. The firfl groweth on bankes or under hedges, throughout this whole Kingdome. The fecond groweth in fome Countries of (yermany, Bohemia, &c. where the former white doth not. The third groweth plentifully in Qmdi, from whence Honerius Bellas fent the feed thereofto Clujirn and others. The fourth Gerard faith groweth inbufnes and hedges, almoft every where, but herein I amfure he is much miflaken, thinking that our ordinary blacke Bryonie is this of Diofcorides for I have neither found it my fclfe in any place, nor underllood of a cer¬ tainty from others, that they have found any with blacke berries and ablackeroote; and I finde fome good au- . thours doe doubt, whether the right be to be found or no. The lift Bauhinus faith was found in the woods by Huningen a village in Germany. The fixt is found wild in many places of our owne Countrie as well as in Italy, jj as (Matthiolous laith, or in Frame and Cjermanie as Lobel faith. The feaventh as Monardus faith, groweth in the Province of Mechtacan 40 miles beyond CMexeco , from whence it was firfl brought into Spaine: but afterwards, both more plentifully,better conditioned and of more eft'eft, was brought from the firme or maine land of Nica¬ ragua and 3 y it grew, yet Monardus faith the Spaniards that ufed it, called it Khabarbarum from the e[feels, and to diftinguiih f it, called it Mecheeacanum Indicunt, O' album Rbabarbarum, and Khabarbarum Adechoacanum : Bauhinus laith (I it doth neereft refemble the Bryonia [ylvejlris , and therefore calleth it Bryonia Aleehoce.tm ditla, D odorous rather t Caketh it to be a kinde of Scammonye calling it Scammonium Americanum but not rightly. The eight is called Ate- ; choacanafylvejlrispas a wild and worfe kina of the former,and as Monardus faith,they that do once ufe it, will ne- ■ ver ufe it againe.in regard of the violent paines and fymptomes it doth procure, and therefore Monardui thoughc I; it to be rather zScammonye , and is called of Bauhinus Bryonia Mochoacana fylvetlris. The laft is called lalapium. Jalap, and GeLpo. in different places. Bauhinus calleth it Bryonia eJAtechoacana nigricans. The Arabians callthe > white Englifh Alfefera, the Italians Vite bianco Or Zucca falvatica, the Spaniardes Nuessa Blanca Bryonia and : Norca blarea yhc French Coleurces and Feuardcnt, the Germanes Stioberurtr. Hands raben & Teufels Kirjcbe, the Dutch fVitte Bryonie, and we in Englifls Bryonie,tvhite Bryonie, tvhite weld Vine, and 7 otter berries. The Vertues. n The roote ofthe white Bryonie purgeth the belly, with great violence, troubling the ftomacke and hurting the I liver, wherefore it is not rafhly to be taken, but as Metises advifeth, fome fpice is to bee added to it, or fome it Maflicke,Quinces or other fach like aftringent and ftrengthening thing. The firft and tender (hootes, as Diofco- e rides and Galen fay, were ufed in their times to be eaten in the fpring, both to purge the belly and to provoke ; Brine, and is layd to be alfo ufed in our times in other parts, but not in our conntrie, who delight not in fo bitter, i, but 1] T R I BE.l. The Theater of Ttantu Chap. 13, 181 but in more pleafant ballets: By the ftrong purging quality of the roote, it may bee profitable for the difeafes of the head, as the falling ficknelfe, the diffineffe and lwimmings in the head and braine, by drawing away much flegme and rheumatick humors,opprefl'ing thofe parts, as alfo the j'oynts and finews.and is therefore good for pal- lies, convulfions, crampes, and ditches in the (ides: in purging the belly of waterifh humors it is good alfo, as fame fay.againft the dropfie,and in provoking Vrine.-it alfo clenfeth the raines and kidneyes from graved and the done,by opening the obltruftions of the fpleene, and wafteth and confumeth the dwellings & hardnes thereof.lt clenfeth the mother wonderfully, in helping thofe that are troubled, with the rifirig and fuffocation thereof, by drinking once a weeke, of the wine -wherein the roote was boyled,going to bed, and cxpelleth the dead childe and afterbirth in thofe thofe that arc delivered, but is not to be ufed by women with childe, for feare of abortion: it bring: th downe alfo their courfes when they are topped, by taking a dram of the roote in powder in wine or fitting in the decoftion of the rootes; it clenfeth the cheft of rotten flegme mightily, and therefore an Eleffuary made of the rootes and honey, doth wonderfully helpe them that have an old and ftrong cough, or that are rea¬ dy tobeftrangled with flegme opprefling them, and that are troubled with fhortneffe of breath : the fame alfo is very good for them that are bruifed inwardly.to helpe to expel! the clotted or congealed blood, Biofcorides alfo faith that the roote being taken, hd petit thofe that are bitten with a viper or an adder; the VoecuU or White hard- tied j'uyce, is often ufed to be taken to the weight of two or three graines at the molt, in wine or broth, to all the E urpofes of purging aforefayd. For outward applications, ‘Dwfcorides faith, that the leaves, frttite, and roote y the fliarpe quality that is in them, doc denfe old and filthy fores, are good againft all fretting and running can¬ kers, gangnenes and tetters, and therefore the berries ufttally called of the Country people, Tetter berribs, are With good fucceffe.and often experience applyed to them : the roote alfo clenfeth the skiiinc wonderfully, from all blacke and blew fpots, freckles, morphew, leprie, foule fearres, or any other deformity of the skinne what¬ soever, as alfo all running fcabbes and manginefle, either the powder of the dryed roote, or the juyee thereof rudely taken, but efpecially the fcecula ,or fine depurate and hardened white j'uyce, to be ufed at all times of the yeare. The diftilled water of the rootes worketh the fame effedl, but moreweakely; yet the water is often ufed to cleere the skinne from fpottes,&c, the roote being bruifed and applyed of it fclfe foany place, where the bones are broken, helpeth to draw them forth, as alfo fplinters or thornesin the flefh: and being applyed with a little wine mixed therewith, it breaketh byles and helpeth whitlowes onthejoynts: itisiayd that Au- gufim Cafar, was wont to weare it with bayes, made into a roule or garland, thereby to be fccured from light¬ ning. The rootes of the blacke Bryonie are of the fame effeft with the white, but much weaker in purging cho- ler and flegme and other humors, and provoking Vrine.in helping the falling fickenefle,the pa!fic,the piltons of the mother, and the other difeafes before mentioned: it doth in fome fort clenfe the skinne of fpots and markes but the white is both more ufed, and more effeftuall; the j'uyce hereof or the roote it felfe, boyled with wine* and honey, and drunke, and the roote alfo bruifed and applyed with honey, to the Kings Evill, is very effeffuali to heale it, and all other kernels, knots, or hard fwellings, either in or about the necke and throate efp4tially or in other parts: being applyed alfo in the fame manner, to any place out of j'oynt.is good both to eafe the paines, and to confolidate and ftrengthen the finewes, that they be not ealily againe put out of their place: it is often ufed alfo with good fucceffe, being frefli, bruifed and applyed to the fhoulders or armes, that are fall of paine and ach.as alfo to fuch hippes or bucklebones.as have the Sciatica, or paines therein :the leaves bruifed with' wine and layde upon the fore neckesof Oxen, that are wrung with the yoake helpeth them. Mattkiolus faith u was reported unto him,that the roote of our fixe Bryonie (which I fay is called beyond Sea, Sir ilium Beau our Ladies feale or fignet, and which he thinketh to be the blacke Bryonie of Biofcorides'j bein^ roafted in the embers and eaten, is a powcrfull medecine, to helpe forward the arts of Venerie, and addeth tvithall that it excelleth all other medectncs, taken for that purpofe; which yet he faith he can hardly beleeve: yet Loie/dotk yerke him for that report. The /Aechoaean is a familiar medecine ufed of many, efpecially when wefirfthadit as all new things are, but now is much neglefted, although it be the fame, and worketh thefame cfFefts • it is given to all ages young and old, and to young children, yea women with childe without any harme or danger as alfo at all times of the ycare.for being without any evill tafte or fmell.it may be the better taken of the molt de- licate, and tender ftomacke, that doth loath all other medecines: it is moft ufually being made into powder taken in wine,or if any refufe that manner,the roote may be boyled either in a little broth, (as it was to Queene f li- K-ibeth m her lad fickenefle, without her confent or fence in the tafte) or wine, and fo taken : the dofe whereof in powder, is fromhalfe a dramme to a whole dramme, or a dramme and a halfe or two drammes, as there is caufe, relpeft being had to the age and ftrength ofthc patient: It purgeth cholericke and flegmaticke, yea groffe vifcous and putride humors, whatfoever in the body, as alfo the yellow waterifh humors of the dropfie, with much eafe and facility: ic clenfeth alfo the liver and fpleene, and like the true Rubarbe ftrengtheneth thefto- macke, corroborating the inward parts, after purging and opening the obftruiftions of them, it helpeth alfo all dileafes that come from them, as the dropfie: the Iaundife, &c. for it re&ifieth the evill conftitution of the Liver by opening and diflolving the hardnefle thereof ,as alfo of the fpleene and ftomacke, diffolveth alfo the windi- nefie and expclleth it; ittakethaway alfo all old, or inveterate paines of the head, by clenfing the braine and the nerves, and purging thofe rheumaticke diftillations, and humors that are in them; it helpeth alfo all paines whatloever in the j’oynts, in particular or generall, as the j’oynt aches or gout,and thofe of the bladder and raines in procuring one to make water, and the cotlicke alfo, by expelling the wind wonderfully ■> it helpeth the paines of the mother, by tempering the cold humour, and expelling the windineffe which are the caiifes thereof: ic helpeth the fhortneffe of breath, and the old cough: It is alfo available in the French difeafe, by taking ic often as there is caufe, and purging the old peccant humors, efpecially if the difeafe be not of any long continu¬ ance. Ittakethaway alfo the caufe of old and long lingring agues, whether they be tertian or quotidian of other intermittvue agues, caufedby obftru&ions. The lalap is in working and purging fomewhat like unto the Me- choacan, but exceedeth it,in .working morcftrongly, and a little more chnrliiHy upon both flegmaticke and wa¬ tery humors, yet ftrengthening both the liver and ftomacke : the manner to take it is, being made intro powder, to drinke it in white wine fafting, yet fome take it in the diftilled water of Cichorie or Barrage, or elfe in broth made with cold herbes* - R ; c h a pi 3 nil | Palma Chrifti, or great Spurge. •gEcaule there be many forts of Spurges,and that this kinde ofgreat Spurge doth much differ from'al! the ; other forts, hereafter let forth, I thinke it fitted torankeitin a chapter by it felfe before the ocher, as i a captaine to all the reft; for although the properties be conformable to the Spurges, yctfoarenot, ’ either forme of leaves, flowers, or leede, of any of the foure or five forts, 1 fiiall here fhew you: Take this therefore as the firft kinde. i. Ricimn five CatapHtia major vnlgMior. The more ordinary Palma Chrilti, or great Spurge. This meat Spurge, (which doth grow in the warmeandhot countries, of Europe and to be as great in the bo dy a?a man, and as tall as a reafonable great tree, and isufedtobe lopped every yeare, whofe (cede cannot be gathered without a ladder let thereto, and whole leafe fiftieth not away in the winter as Bellonius faith in i the firft booke of his observations, the i S chapter) fpringeth up in our countrie, to be eight or neere fometimes :j tenne foote hi"h, whofeftemme w ill be hollowed as biggbalmoit as our ordinary canes, of abrownifh colour, j with an eye of blew hoarineffe upon it: the leaves that (land both upon the ftemme, and upon the brandies it i fendeth forth, every one (everally, on all fides upon long foote ftalkes, arc very broad, and divided into five or rj feaven or into more divifions (reprefenting the hand of a man, with the fingers fpread abroad) of a darke or i deepe mecne colour on the upperfide, and whitifh greene underneath; the flowers arc many round buttons,fhoo- • t ingfonh together, and (land all along upon a long ftalke, atthetoppes of the Item and branches, confiding of ti many pale yellow threads, which fall away without bearing any feede: but lower upon the ftemme or maine ; ftalke-and fometimes alfo upon the branches, breakc forth other heades, which are the feede upon long foote a ftalkes, bein" three fquare or three feCdes joyned together, rough and afhcoloured on the outfide, or outer Ihell, ,| which'openuig it felfe, or being opened,there lyeth within it the feede, whole outward huske is difcoloured, or ii as it were fpotted and (haped like unto a ticke, which conteineth within it, apretty large,(tuning round fome-, what long and flat feede, of a browne colour, having a white pulpe or kernell within it; of a fiery hot tafte, bur¬ ning the mouth and throatc, of whomfoever (hall tafte it, but very unftuotis or oylie; whereof an oyle is preffed J which is onely ufed for outward rernedies.for as Diofcondes faich it is cibisfccdum- t but ferveth to burnc in lampes, in thole hot countries, where it is naturall and plentiful, the roote confifteth of many long and great firings, and:l fmall fibres, which periflieth with us quickcly, after it hath felt the firft frofts, and mud be new fet every yeare) by them will have it, butabidethin the warme countries, asllayd in the beginning of the delcnption many ij yeares. I, Ricims five Catapotia major vu'gat lor. The more ordinary Palma Chrifti or great Spurge, 4. Ritirm Americans & fioliurti novellum , Palnu Chrifti of America,and one of the firft leaves,' a. RW'm X R I B E 2. TheTbe/iter of ‘ 'Plantes . Chap. 14,. 18$ 4. Fniflus Ricini Anuricam. Palma Chrifti of Amctica feede. Ricimu major jifticanus Syrtacuivele^gyptiui. Palma Chrifti of Syria,&c t Camerarius in his hbrtits medicos, maketh mention of another fort whofe feede was twice fo bigge as the for¬ mer the colour whereof was not fo pale or fpotted,and came as he faith out of Syria. This is very probale to be that hot violent fort, that Aldinus in his Farneftan garden remembreth, being brought from zdEgypt, the halfc part of whofe feede being taken by a ftrong young man of twenty yeares,mightily troubled with the headach,purged him very forcibly and eafed his paines.but in that lie chewed the feede in his mouth (and did not fwallow it whole without chewing as it (hould have beene ) it in¬ flamed his throate and mouth of his ftomacke fo violently, that after he had endured an ague, in¬ tolerable thirft, and fainting of the fpirits.nine dayes after the taking thereof he dyed,notwith- flanding the care of three Phyfitions with all the remedies they could ufe. Of the feede be¬ ing, fct fprung up a plant greater than the for¬ mer, whofe leaves were larger more crumpled and redder in other things little differing. 3. Adinor. There is another kinde alfo but letter in ever£ part thereof, although it grow in the fame ground, whofe feede being ripe is evidently ob- ferved to be much leffer: This is not remembred by any Authour that hath written thereof before Cluftus in the fecondbooke ofhis Exoticfte, and z I chapter, and V'jUrm that fct forth the Btfhopof Eyftot his garden, ,na great large volume, whofe feede that we firft faw came from the ‘Bermudas, where they made oyle thereof, and grew with us in that manner before expretted. 4.. Ricinus Americanus, Palma Chrifti of America. The Palma ChriJH of America differed from the firft, and fecond fort, not onely in the greatneffe, for as OWo- uardiu & A Idimts fay it groweth to be a much greater tree,chan any growing m JW whofe firft leaves were al- moft round & bigger than the firftjbut thofe that follow are broad and tome on the: edges.mto fundry corners, in the feede there is feme difference alfo, which although they be three alwayes joynedtogether,yet the outer huske is nor rouoh or prickely, but fmooth and of an afhcolour, the innermoft feede it felfe, being fomewhat like the other.but more blacke and not fpotted at al.and is as oyle as the firft,for thereof as I here,there is madegood ftore of oyle which ferveth in the fleede of oyle for any outward ufes. Cluftus remembreth a v-Cry fmall fort of this Indian kind, whofe feede is the ftnalleft of all other,even fmaller than the former fmall kinde, which was brought from America . • The Place. The firft groweth in Spam as Cluftus faith, to a great largcnefleas Is before fayd, and m Candy vs Be/lomus faith,the greater kind, whereof Camerarius maketh mention, groweth in Syria, & Africa, and as Aldinus faith in *A£gypt. The firft letter fort in America, and Guinea as Cluftus faith,in the place before remembred.The great kind of America, Monarches faith groweth in Getifco a province of new Spaine ,from whence an oyle made of the feede thereof is brought, of much ufe as you fhallheare by and by : and the laft and lcaftofall other, wasbroughc from Brafill as Cluftus faith in the 25 chapter ofhis 2 booke of Exoticks the ninth rruic. The Time. Thofe that grow with us flower not untill the beginning of Augufl, and their feede doth feldome come to per* feeft ripenette in this Country. The Names, ' It is called by Diofuridei in Greeke ili j'feh*r. Cici & (>«», a Crotcmsftve ricini ammalii /imilituiine, ijuod 'refortfemen. Arias Mont arms in bis Commentaries upon Unas, faith that the hebrew word Kikajon (which is ncerc the Greeke Kiki ) doth fignifie this plant, although S. lerome did trandate the word to be Hedera, and our Engl,ft bibles have it, a Gourd chat was rayfed up by God to fhelter lonas from the heate ol the Sun. Uriahc. 4.of fome PentaiaSylus^Mefues Cjranum Reghm-Cafalpmus from the Italian name Cjirafote tooke it to be Heliotro- ptum D iofroridts, but mod commonly it is called Ricmus & Talma Chrifti, and in the Apothecaries (hops Cataputia major, the oyle whereof is known to the mod of them,by the name of Oleum de Cherva, yet it is alfo called Oleum Cicinum, as well as that oyle made of the Indian feed, brought from thence: In Spaine they call the feede of the ordinary as well as the Indianiort, Figuo del inferno, and thereafter fome call it Ficus infernalts. The lener kinde Cluftus faith in the fame place before mentioned is called Erarray by the Indians. The great Indian kinde, Clu¬ pus faith is called Cure as in America, we to diftinguilh it from the former kind,do call it Ricmus Americas,or Amcricams , Palma Chrifti of America. The Arabians call it Cherva, the Italians Mira[ole,q,rafole,Cr Cataputia magyiore, the French Talma Chrifti, the Germanes Winderbaum, the ‘Dutch (JHolenkruit and Wor.derboome, and wt in Englijh Palma Chrifti, or great Spurge. The Vertices, The feede of Palma Chrifti is almoft wholly ufed, and the leaves frut feldome, yet 3°feedes denfed from the huskes, being bruifed, and taken in drinke faith c Diofcorides (but fiftatts In his Commentaries upon Mefues judg* eth this to be a fault in the writers of the coppy of Diofcorides , fetting 30 for 3. and yet that is the utI ^ofti aexor- ding to the dofe of thofe times as I have fayd diverfe times before) doth pur«je cholcr and flegme, ana draw wa* ter abundantly from the belly, provoking Vrinc alfo; which manner of purgings as T'iofcorides himfelfe conref- feth, doth trouble the ftomacke and overturned: mightily yet with good advifeit maybe given to ftrong and ablebodyes, with Anifeed or Tennellfeede, who are troubled with the dropfie, Joynt aches,the gout and lciatica, becaufe it draweth water and flegme very ftrongly, from the more remote parts. Durantes advifeth fome at the 184 Chap. 15 . ’Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tr I B E.2. feedetobeboyled in the broth ofan old cocke, for tbe fame purpofes: the oyle he faith of the feedeis profitably put into gliders, to open obftmffions, to eafe the paines of the collicke and windinefle of the mother; CJufius faith he knew diverfe Emperickes give of the iraall feed, that came out of America in a frnall quantity as a purge in diverfe difeafes, becaule by purging the body well, they found good fucceffe.they held it as a fecrct of worth, which they kept to themieWes.Momrdus faith that the oyleof the Indian feede,(and other authors fay the lame, of the oyle of the former kinde) is found by dayly experience, to bee helpefull to many dileafes, aswellin the Judies as in Spaine; for as he faith it helpeth all aifeafes proceeding of cold caufes, it dilfolveth tumours and fwellings, difperfeth winde efpecially of the collicke and mother, if the places grieved be anointed therewith, and fome few drops thereof alfo taken in a little chicken broth that is fat: it wonderfully helpeth the crampe, and convulfion of the finewe9, being gently rubbed on the places grieved, and thereby caufeth the fine wes to be ftretched forth, that were Ihrunke: by anointing the ftomacke the belly or the left fide, where the fpleene lyeth, it eafeth them of the obdruftions in them: it killeth the wormes in children, if either you give a droppe or two thereof, inwardly in milke.or fat breath,or anoynt the lower part of the belly therewith,it tat eth away alfo the hardnefie of the belly in children, that are apt thereto, or have wormes: the oyle alio helpeth all fcabs, or running fores of the head : dropped into the eares,cureth thedeafenefl'e, and taketh away the paines andnoyfe therein: it mightily clenfeth the skinne from all manner of lpots, markes or blemifhes therein, as alfo the deformities of fcarres and of the pox: the greene leaves bruifed and applyed of themfelves, or elfe with barly meale, affwageth the inflammations as well as the fwelling of the eyes, and the fwellings alfo of womens brefls, after childing : being applyed likewife to womens brefts, they doe helpc to encreafe milke in them : It hath beer.e formerly fee downe by good authors, that Palma Chrifii planted in a garden,was a fure remedy againft moalcs, to keepe them from working in the ground.but Cameraritts difproveth that affeveration faying.that they will work in the fame manner,although they be planted therein.yea or although the branches be thrud into their furrowes or trenches. Chap. XV. Tithymalus five Lac:ana. Spurge or Milkeworte. Here are many other forts of Spurge, that arc rempmbred by diverfe authors, with whom there is much variation about the true names of diverfe of them : lomeof them are of the Sea, asparticu- larly to be found there abouts: others in the woods and mountaines properly belonging to them $ "known fome againe oncly growing in gardens in thefe parts, and for the mod part not well knowne elfe- where to be found,others alfo of the fields: they have alfo obtained fundry names.according to their formes or natures, yet all of them Spurges or Milkeworts:for fome fort is particularly called Tithymalus,lorr.t o- Tithymalni far alius. Sea Spurge. The Thotny Sea Spurge of Candy, ndeth forth diverfe brownifh round [hikes,' hoary leaves,being frnall thick and long,as plentifully yeeldingacaufticke or burning milke as any of the former: tbers Lathyris or Catapatia , others againe Efnla or Pityufa, and others replies, Tcplis and Chamafjce ; and becaule they are all of them congencres , that is of one family or kindred , and of one quality or property, which is to purge, I thinke it fitted to remember them all together, yet in feverall chapters. I- Tithymalus Paralius five maritimus. Sea Spurge. The Sea Spurge rifeth up with diverfe reddiih wooddy (hikes a foote or halfe a yard high,fet thickc with leaves, from the bot- tometo the toppe, which arc frnall long and narrow, yetbroa- dedinthe middle, fomewhat like unto the leaves of Line or Tlax,but thick and whitifh, full of a white milkeif any part be broken, which is fo hot, that being taded, it burneth the mouth and throate intollerably; at the toppes of the (hikes darnl many paleyellowifhflowers, with two leaves under rhemcoinpaf- fing the dalke, as it is ufuall to all the other forts of Spurges, and containing them, after which come three fquare (mail lieades, wherein is conteined round difcoloured feeder the roote is long and wooddy, abiding long, and fo doe the leaves on the bran- ches not falling away in winter. 2. Tithymalus maritimus Venetus. Sea Spurge of Venice. This Sea Spurge hath longer or taller and thickt r dalkes,fome' what hollow and reddifh,branching forth into diverfe parts,be- fer with frnall long leaves, but fomewhat larger,and more fepa- rare than the former, twoalwayes danding together all along the branches like Licorice: the flowers arelmall,pendulons,and of a fad purplifh co ! our, confiding of five frnall leaves apeece, like a frnall darre, without any round leaves undtrthem as in the former, after which come fuchlike heads and feedc : the roote is great long and wooddy withall, fending forth new branches every ycare. Tithymalus maritimus Crcticus Jpinofus . Thorny Sea Spurge of Candy. .whereon arc fet many whitifh upon the branches ftand diverfe thornes with the leaves, and likewife the ends of the dalkes and branches end in (harpe thornes; under which come forth the flowers,in fome whitifh,in others purplifh like unto the lad T ithy- mall for the forme,and without anycupsof leaves under them, which give frnall round feede like the former: the roots is not wooddy as the former but very flefhie, efpecially while it is young, and abiding many yeares. 4 ijithymalut 4 . 7 * i thymalas linifolias Par alio congener, Baftard Sea Spurge. This Spurge, rifeth up with brownifh ftalkes, having many narrow leaves growing thereon, like unto the firfi Sea Spurge, but fomewhat larger and a little broader: the flowers feede and rooteare not much differing from it. The Place . Thefirftof thefe groweth by the fea flde, as wellin divers places of ourowne Country, as beyond the Sp i; The fecondgrowethpn the fhores of the Adriatikg fea in many places, and in thelfland Lio that pertainetht© the Venetians. The third in C anc ^l as Honorius Bellas faith. The latl in Franconia or Frangeland f neerc unto ths bankes of the river of Mayne . The Time, They flower in Iuly for the mod part, and their feede is ripe in Auguft, The Names , T/3 vW(^- in Greeke is fo called as it is thought from tj 9 o( mamma & ua\o< exitiofa % cjuia laElem ab aberibui i exitioj am reddit , in Latinc Tithymalas alfo and Laftaria or herba Lattaria of giving milke, which is common to I all the reft of the Spurges. Some call it alfo LaEluca marina & caprina, both for giving milke as Lettice doth, and I that Goates delight much to eate it. They are all in generall called Spurges in Englifb , from the purging quality, ! and Milkewort likewife from the milke they yeeld, whiefeas Ifaydis common toall the fortsof them. The firlt of thefe is called almoft by all writers Tithymalas Par alius or maritimas , agreeing with that of Tiofcorides ' (which he fayd was called in his time Tithymalis and Mecona) in all points. The fecond Angaillara thinketh to I be Alypnm of 'Diofcorides■ and Pena and Lobel fay, that at Venice it is ufed as a kinde of Pityufa or Efala by the Phyfitions & Apothecaries there, whereupon they called it in their Adverfaria, Efala rara c Lio Vendor urn infala . The third is remembred onely by Bellas in his third Epiftle to Clujius , faying that in Candye, (becaufeic is of the kindred ofthe Tithymals, giving aboundance of milke, they call it GalaJHvida > as differing from another of that name, which I have (hewed you before, in the 2 2 chapter, of the former part, under the name of Blattaria Cre- 'ticaJpinofa , which Clujius called Leacoium jpinofam Creticam , and was judged of others to be a Verbafcam jpino- fum. The laft is called by Camerarias, Tithymalas linifolius Paralio cognatus, and by Bautinas in his PinaxfTithy~ \ malo maritimo ajfnis linariafolio- by Tabermont antis 3 Tithymalas amygdaloides angujHfolias , The Vert ties. The firffof thefe fea Spurges is not mentioned by any author either ancient or modefne tobeufedinPhyfickej For the vehement and fharpe exulcerating quality thereof is fuch,and fo great in purging exceeding other {purges, that it is not fafe to ufe it inwardly, and outwardly applyed it doth burne the skinne, and therefore unlefle it bee to take away fcarres,fcabbes,or warts, or the like it is not ufed at all: onely Galen faith of it, that the milke thereof mixed with mcale and call; into the water, aftonifheth fi(h fo much,that it maketh them to life to the top R 3 of Chap. i ken with ones handotothcnvile. A lye made ofthe a(hesofthem,and theafhes themfelves alfo, are anfwera- 1 ble to the fame effefts before fet downe in many things. The fweete Spurge as Tragus faith doth tfrongly pro- 1 voke vomitings, ifthe roote thereof be taken inwardly. The outer barke ofthe roote, being deeped a day and a night in Vinegar, and then taken forth dtyed and powdered, halfe a dramme of that powder taken in wine or 1 honyed water, doth purge all watcrid: humors downewards,as alfo cholIer,and is very profitably given to thofe ii that have the dropfie, the roote alfo wonderfully fodereth arid healeth all manner ofgrcene wounds. Tragus al- 1 fo fheweth the manner of making certaine pills, that are very effeCtuall for the dropfie, and thofe that arc (hort- :■ winded, which may be taken as he faith without either paine or danger. Take of the rootes of Efula prepared as n aforefayd halfe an ounce, of aloes one ounce, of Madicke one dramme, thefe being beaten into powder each by 1 it felfe, are to be made up with Fennell water into great or fmall pills. XrJBE z . The Theater of Tlantes. Chap. 17. Chap. X V11, Lathyris Jive Cat ayittia minor. Garden Spurge* «« Nt0 thefe meater Spurges I mull adjoyne this other kinde of Spurge, which by all authors both before nd fince Galen < tune, was accounted to be neereft unto them, and yet differing from them, and there- I fore fitted to be expreffed in a Chapter by it felfe : yethereof there arc two or three forts obferved, one Greater than another,as {hall be prefently (hewed. . , s I . Lathyris major hortenfis. The greater garden Spurge. The "rearer of thefe garden Spurges rifeth up, but with one hollow ftraight whitifh Italke, as big as a finger; lhaddowed as it were over with browne, on which grow up to the toppe, for thefirft yeare, many thteke fat long and fomewhat narrow leaves, of ablewilh greene colour on the upperf.de, and more wh.t.(h under, ueath, fomewhat like unto Willow leaves for the forme, yeeld.ng milke as plentiful! as any of the . Latbjru major vul&arit fwe Cataputia minor. Ordinary garden Spurge. reft: the next yeare after,ir divideth it lelfe,into many fmall bran¬ ches, with (mailer leaves at every partition, every part thereof yeelding milke, as the others doe : the flowers are of a pale yel¬ low colour, and {land in cups like the former forts, but are final ler than many of them, yeelding fweete, and nothing fo hot and burning feede, in three lquare heads, fomewhat like unto thofe of Talma Chrifti,kut round and bigger, than any of tie former TithymaUs or Spurges,which in the" hot Sunne will cracke and leapeoutoft 1 e intakes: the roote is long and wooddy, perilhing as loone as it hath given (cede, and fpringeth againe of it owne- feede,that is. differed to fall. 2. Lathnt's minor. The leffer garden Spurge. The Icfler kinde of garden Spurge isfo like unto the former, that I (hail neede but oncly to tell you, that it is the very fame, but leffer in every part thereof; for whofoever hath feene the greater fort, will prefently fay when they fee this, it is the fame, but a leffbr kinde, and fo much l hopewill fatisfie to declare and diifmguilh thefe two lorts. 5. Lathyris minima. The lead garden Spurge. This fmall" 1 rden Spurge hath many (lender branches, lying upon the ground, fet full offmallleaves, no bigger than thofe of Knotgrafle; among which rifeth up a llalke, about a foote high, with Inch like leaves on it as grew below: at the toppe whereof Hand many fmall yellow flowers, cluttering thicke together on their (inall foote ftalkes, but not fpread abroad like unto the for¬ mer forts : this yeeldeth milke as the others doe : the roote is fmall, (preading many fmall firings, with fibres at them. The Place. They all grow in lome places wilde,about the borders of fields, but molt ufuaily in gardens, where, when they arc once planted they will hardly be rid out againe. The Time. They flower in Inly, and the feede is ripe in Augufl, The Names. They are called in dreeke t.Tiueis Lathyris , quia congenemtt Tithymalo ejUidcm,fedeflicaciorem & magis virofam jignaret : i-n La- tine Cataputia minor , for as is before fayd, the Ricintu or Palma ChriJH feede, is called CatapMiaietajor, and it is likly it was lo called cjuiafcmenfertfetipiltilas five catapotia,£i in Englifhgarden Spurge,that they may differ from all others. The firft and (econd are generally by all writers called, either Lathyris or Cataputia minor. The lad is called by Lugduncnfis Lathyris minor T> alechampii, and Bauhinm thereupon Lathyris minor conglomerate flore, and it is likely alfo to be the fame that (’tfidpinm calleth Cataputiapufilla; The Arabians call it Mandtma ai)d Maher.d dane,x\\zjt aliens Catapttasza, Laihir.inwi Cataputia minore, the Spaniards Tart ago y the French FJpurge, the GVr- mar.es Sprinekraut, Sprinohrner and Tr.eiid’yrner: the Dutch Sprinakcrusdt'Cr Spurgie- and we in Fngtijh) Spurge ai d garden spurge. The Venues. The feede of this Spurge, is for the mod part onely in ufe with us, whereof 5 or 7 or <7 or to graines, at the mod are taken at a time,to purge both by ftoole and vomit, tough flegme, choller, me\apeholy, and water, as Dio/corides faith : the ufuall planner is to fwallow the feedes whole, without breaking either huske or kernel! and then they worke the-more gently and weakely, but if the huskes bebroken, and the kernels f wallowed whole or chewed, or.bruiled and mixed with drinke or broth, they will then worke more- violently; and there¬ fore to be taken wiebthe more caution : the milke is more violent, even as the former Tithymalsor Spurges are to be taken inwardly,but outwardly applyed and carefully, it helpeth to take away hades on theeye-browes, forehead or temples,for it mud not touch any other part of the face or skinne; the fame alfo cautelouily applyed, taketh away the proud and dead fleih in wounds, hard callous knobs, comes or warts in the flelh, (if they bee fird pared to the quicke and then applyed) running fcabs and fores, and the blemifhes fcarressnd fpotsof the skinne: it is put alfo into hollowteech to take away the paine, but you mud beware that it touch no other of the teeth or guinmes, or other part ofthe mouth: the milkcmadeup into Trochifces, or little balls, with the meale of beanes or peafe, and kept dry, doth ferve all the yeare to ufe, as occafion is offers d, for the purpofes aforefayd, the diddled water of the whole plant,is of efpeciall ule, to clenfe the skinne from freckles, morphew, or anyo- .ther-difeolpurings, either of it felfe, or mixed with the water of beane flowers, and baftard Diftanie, and being gently, 1 91 ’Theatrum Botanicum. Tr I B E.Z. gently bathed on the places troubled with the itch, taketh it away in a very [bon fpace: the fame (imple watec ; alfo clenfeth foule vlcers and fores. The leaves being boyled in fat broath, worketh to fome purpofes more fafe- ■ ly, though more weakely. It is held by many good authors,to be effeauall for all the purpofes,the greater Spurge i et Palma Chrifli is applyed unto. Chap. XVIII. TithymaliJive Efula minores. The fmaller Spurges Aving (hewed you all the forts of the greater Spurges, there remaine diverfe other fmall kinds, which I will comprehend in this chapter, that fo I may accompliih, and fet forth the whole family of them together. 1. Pityufa, T ithymatm P ineel five Eftdet minor, pine Spurge or fmall Efula. This fmall Spurge hath diverfe yveake and fender [hikes, halfe a yard long, whereon grow |i many fmall long and narrow pointed leaves, without order round about them, very like unto the leaves of Tode- ii fiaxe; at the toppes of the (hikes grow yellow flowers,fometimes dalht over with purple, like the former Spur¬ ges but leffer, and (landing in the like cuppes,which falling away,the feede groweth in lmall three fquare liuskes, wherein is contcincd fmall round feede: the roote is fmall and long, of the bigneffe of ones finger, fome what blackifb on the outfide, but white within, and abiding many yeares, yet the extremities of the winter, doe j fometimes rot it and caufc it to perifh: both milke, roote and feede, are fomewhat like in heate and fharpeneffe unto the garden Spurges, but not altogether fo violent: the roote of this Efula is accounted of the moll skill- full, to be the trued Efula minor-, and thecxtrafl out of the roote hereof, rightly prepared and called Extralh-.m i Efula. a- Tityufa five Efula miner florifais ruhis. Small Spurge with red flowers. There is another of this kinde growing a foote high with fuch like leaves thereon, whofe flowers arc reddilh Handing in the like cuppes, that the other Spurges doe. toourboufe. The Cypreffe Spurge is fo like unto the firfl: defcribed.that it deceiveth many,that doc not marke them precife- ly; for this hath alfo diverfe (lender brownifh Aalkes, whereon grow fmallnarrow leaves, yet fomewhat fhorter and thicket than the former, and thicker fet upon the (hikes alfo the flowers and feede are like the other, and fo is the roote alfo, whereupon diverfe have midaken it, and take it for the true Efula minor, and fotaveufed it in (lead thereof. I. Tlymtlta pinie. Pine Spurge’. 2 . Efula minor altera pupureis floributl Small Spurge with red flowers. f TitbjmA Tribe.*. The Theater ofTlants . Chap.i8 . 19? df- Tithymnlus QpariJJtM macnlatit faliis, Cyprelfe Spurge with fpotted leaves. This other Cypreffe Spurge, diftereth not much from the former having linooth round reddilh flalkes, two foote high at the lead, the tops whereof doe a little bend downewards; the leaves are fat and long like unto the former, but [landing more together at fpaces, which are greene on the upperfide, and more yello wifh under¬ neath, thicke fet with deepe yellow fpots almoftred, which are eminent at their fird i'pringing : the flowers likewife are of a little deeper colour, tending to a red or purple: theroote is fmallerthan thole oftheformer.and more parted into fprayes or branches, with many fibres at them, of a browniih red colour on the outfide, and pale within, not abiding as the other doth after feeding time. There is another of this kinde Idler in all parts thereof, elle not differing from it. 5. Tithymalus Leptophjllos. Small annuall Spurge. This annuall fmall Spurge hath many (lender weake (lalkes, bulbing forth into many blanches, and fpreading farre upon the ground, whereon grow very fmall long and narrow leaves, (landing upright, the uppermolc whereofare fomewhat broade at the bottome, andcompafle the (lalkes, ending in a long fharpe point or end ; the flowers are yellow, like unto the other and very fmall, after which come three fquare heads, but very fmall, wherein is conteined very fmall round grayifh lcede, nor much bigger than poppy feede : the roote is fmall long hard and woody, perifhing every yeare as foonc asithath given (eede. 6 . Efiula rotunda five Peplus. Round headed Spurge, or Vineyard Spurge. This Spurge fhooteth forth round about the roote many fmall weake reddiib upright branches with fmall leaves fet by couples for the mod part, fomewhat like the leaves of Sun-turning Spurge, bur rounder pointed and fmaller, of a grayifh greene colour on the upperfide, and a little reddifhor purplifh underneath, oftentimes which will change to be wholly purple, in the Sommer time : the flowers are very fmall and yellow (landing more round, orclofe together, as it were in an umbell, other wife like unto the reft*, and l’o is the ieede alfo very fmall, conteined in three (quare heads: theroote is fmall and long, with many fmall firings and fibres at it, ped¬ dling alfo every yeare, and riling againe ofit owne lowing. 7. Pep/is. Small purple Sea Spurge. This fmall purple Sea Spurge, fpreadeth his fmall purplifh branches upon the ground more plentifull than the other,and fomewhat lelfetjwhercon doe grow many fmall leaves like the other,but not fo round at the end,,; and purplifh likewife both underneath and above oftentimes, efpecially in the beginning of the heate of the yeare ; the flowers are fmall and yellow like the other, and fois the feede, but fomewhat bigger and (landing two toge¬ ther for the mod part, not onely upon thetoppes, but here and there upon the branches alfo: the roote is fmall and (lender and of no ufe. 8 . Chamtfpce, Petty Spurge or time Spurge. The pettie Spurge is one of the fmallefl Spurges that is, having very fmall {lender branches, lying upon the ground.dividedoftetimesinto other fmaller, with final pale green leaves fet thereon,fmaller than thole of Tyme, S oj' 194 Chap. i8. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 2. Efula rotunda five Peplus, 7- ?<•£'». Small purple Sea Spurge, Round headed Spurge, i 9 or as Pen* compareth them unto Rupture wort: the flowers are the fmalleft and fo is the feede of all the reft, J fet in heads by couples like thelaft.' therooteis fmall and long, confiding of nothing but threds, and is of I no life. . 9. F.fula exigaa filiit obtups. Petty Spurge with broad pointed leaves. This Petty Spurge likewife groweth clofe upon the ground, the fmall round branches not exceeding an hand ll breadth in length, with fmall long and narrow leaves, broad at the points or ends, as if they had beene cut off, fet :ij without order on them, yeelding milkeas the others doe : the flowers and feede is like thelaft, andfois the ll roote alfo. 10, Tithymalus exigma fitxatilii. Rocky pettie Spurge. _ I This is the fmalleft Spurge of all the reft, the linall branches not extending two or three inches in length,with 4 the fmalleft and narrowed leaves of any fet thereon : the flowers are fmall and fomewhat reddifh: theleede is u agreeable to the plant, and the roote as fmall as threds, li. Afioi five Tithymaku tuberefus. Tuberous or knobbed Spurge. Tuberous or Knobbed Spurge, hath diverfe fmall reddifh branches, lying upon the ground, with manyfmall leaves, fomewhat like untothofeof Saint Iohns wort fet thereon without order, every one having the middle :i> ribbe white therein ; fome of thofe beare a few fmall flowers at the toppes of them like unto the other Spurges, , and feede likewife in three fquare heads; the roote is tuberous in his naturall place, blackifh without whites) within, and formed fomewhat like a peare or figge, from whence the name thereof rofe : but a little differing in i|i enr climate, not keeping fo proportionable a figure as it hath come over tons, even as the blacke Raddifh hath ill done likewife; and therefore we may thereby plainely perceive the nature of the foyle doth alter much the 1 forme of rootes, and leaves alfo in many things. 12. Af'ies [tveTithymthts tuberofiu, oblong notice. Long rooted Tuberous Spurge. This other Tuberous Spurge, the figure whereof Clufim hadfenthim from Plateau, is fo like the former, that ll I verily beleeve (as 1 fayd before of the former) the foyle and climate was the caufe of the alteration therein, it yetbriefely to fhew you what he faith thereof, is this, it hath five or fixe branches riling from the roote lying! upon the ground, fomewhat reddifh towards the bottome of them, divided into other fmalfer branches: the :1 greenc leaves, that are fet thereon by couples on both fides are fmall like the other, but a little rounder: tbe.lt flowers that grow at the toppes are of a yellowiflt red colour, after which come three fquare heads fomewhat ij rugged or fet with knobbes, wherein is conteined fmall round feede, like onto the other, the roote is long and c round, having many other fmall and long thicke rootes, iAiling from the lower end thereof, with many fmall fi- , bres thereat, blackiih on the outfide and white within, like the former. > ^. Tithymalm tuberofus Germanicus. Knobbed Spurge of Germany- _ I The knobbed fpurge of Germany, differeth from the former two forts of Apios, firft in the rootes which con- J| lift ofmany reddifh knobs, fet together with diverfe long fibres among them, like unto the rootes of Scropbula-w rit, or great T iggevyort: the branches are fmall and tender, whereon grow the leaves which are fmall and nar- , row, fomewhat like unto the leaves o f Mefereon but (mailer: the flowers are yellow, and the feede (mall and round, growing in three fquars heads, like unto the other forts of Spurges. The Place, The firft and third forts, grow in fom'e places of Germanic and France , both by the Rivers fide and borders of fields, but no where naturall in England that I can heare, but in the gardens of thofe that are lovers of plants; the third is often¬ times found in the Country gardens of poore folkes in many places with us.The fecondis found in fomb Herba? rifts gardens in the low Countries; loarnes Tbalius remembreth the two forts of the fourth kinde, which he* found in cragged ftonie places, lying open to the funne, and in the borders of fome fields, that were dry in Saxo- nie neere Turin in Germanic. The fitt alfo is found in the fields in the fame places of germany, that the laftare., but necrcr the villages. The fixt groweth in the Vineyards of France indiverfe places, as alio in ditches and borders of fields there. The feventh groweth neere the Sea fide in Narbone and about U\larfei/ks. The eighth groweth about CUTompe/ier, in thedryfandy Vineyards and Olive grounds, neerethe Seaalfo. The Ninth and Tenth, grow about c JMompelier and Marfeillcsfls alfo Padoa as Bauhinus faith.The eleventh groweth on Mount Atl/osns'Belloniusreponeth, in Apu/iaand the Kingdomeof, Akyi/M, as Ferrantes ltnptratus affirmeth, who fent fome of the rootes thereof unto Clufius , in Candy alfo and diverfe other the warmer Countries,but they are all nurfed up onely with us in the gardens of thofe that are curious. The twelfth is not exprefled where it is na¬ turall. Thelaftis remembredby garner mitts who faith it was found in certaine woods about Lypf {in Germanic, The Time, They doe all flower in the Sommer Months of Iune, luly, and Attguft, fome earlyer and fome later than others; blit the third kinde is often found inflower in c JMay. The Names. Tityufa is called in Greeke in latino and in fhoppes Efula, or Efula minor, becaufe there is a greater as hath beene fhewed before; it feemeth to have taken the name from Pityufa, being derived thereof, and made adiminitive, as if it were Pity ufa/a, and fliort VttfuU or Efnla, as a (mail Pityufa or Pine Spurge. The firft is ta¬ ken to be the Pityufa of Diofioridcs, and called Efula minor generally in molt Countries, although the feede an- fwere not to the defeription of PDiofcotides- yetis often confounded with the third, which is called fjparijjiasby mod authors, and therefore Tabermontamts maketh the firft to he his fecond 7 ithymalrts Cupreffinus: that the roote hcreofis taken by AButrins and others for Turbith , I have (hewed before. Nicolaus CAPyrepfcus in fome me- decines and purging pils,doth appoint to be put thereinto Efula, by the name of Chamtpitys: whereupon Fuchfms thirketiurbat 'Nicolaus his Chamapitys, is the ordinary ground Pine and not any kind oFTithymall, being deceived by the Stimologie and double fenfe of the wordtfor Chamapitys fignifieth a low Pine, which Pityufa doth alfo: but (fhamspitys doth refemble a Pine.as wel in the refinous find,as in the forme of the leaves, which Pityufa doth not, and alfo that Pityufa is a ftrong purger,fit for filch medecines.and pills,as Nicolaus appointeth it an ingredient,and therefore by Chamapitys there he only meaneth that Efulavsitb Pine tree leaves.The fecond is by Lobel in his obfer- vations fet forth under the fame title,is here exprefled,and Ihave adjoyned unto the firft as moft likely to be a fpe- cies thereof, rather than of the Efula dulcis Tragi, as I have fhewinl you in the next chapter fave one before this, as Bauhinus would make it. The fourth Bauhinus referreth as I fay'd before to Camerarius his Tithymalus arven- fis, and to that which Ioannes Tbalius in his Harcynia Saxanothuringica calleth accUu'/tTr- Bauhinus in his Pirnx cailethitTithjmalus CyparifftasfoliispunBiscroceis rntatis, The fifth is CMatthiolus his leptophyllos, whom Ca. merarim and Tha/ius doe follow. itisTragus his Efula exigua, and Peplis minor of Dalechampius. The fixt is S callEdl I9eplion, i of the red colour of the leaves, and &vJ'&kni aye'* Andrachne agria , i. Portulaca fylveflris, of the face and forme > of the whole plant : it hath no other I atine name than Peplis, yet Bauhinus calleth it Peplis maritimafolio cbtufo , i and Cafalpinus Peplium, and is Dalechampius his Peplicn. The eight is called Chamafyce, ejuaf humilis vclterre - t flrtsficus generally of all writers. The ninth and tenth Bauhinus cnely remembreth. andgiveth the names as they are in the titles. 1 he eleventh is called a’ct©* yipios of Diofeorides , and fo%t{ jfehas of 7 heophraflus, from \ the forme of the roote, which is like unto a pcare or figge; in Latine Tithymalm tuberofus, by which names ei- ther the one or the other, all writers call them; but there is an errour in Euchfius and Tragus, in miftaking a fmall ! vvilde kind of Vetch, with Imall tuberous or cloggerootes, growing in woods and fields to be Apios, which l Mattbiolus thereupon calleth Tfiuaoapios, and is the plant that Cjerard doth call in Englifh Peafe Earth Nut in ( Latine terraglandcs, and of Tabtrmontanus and others Chamab(Harms : Turner a\(ois in another errour fuppofing > the Bulbacafianum or Nucule. tcrrefir is to be Diofeorides his Apios. The twefth Clufius faith he had the figure i onely lent him from Plateau, and thereupon calleth it Ifcfou altera. Bauhinus tranflating the name to Tiilrjma- & las oblongaradicc , and I to Apios five Titbymalus tuberofus oblong a radice, but I verily thinke it to be, but a Iuxu* |] riouskindof the former Apios. The laft Camerarins onely hath made mention of in his Hortus Medicus and |i calleth it Titbymalus tuberofus alter, and Bauhinus Titbymalus tuberofus Germanic us , as it is in the i| titles. The Vcrtues . All thefefpurges are of the nature of the former, yet fome more, feme lefle violent in purging, and conducing ;| better to fome fpecialldifeafes,as you (hall heare in particular. The firft Pityufa which isaccounted thetrueft i| Sfnlaminor, (although the (ypar iff as be taken of many for the fame, and lo ufed but with leffe fucceffe, yet :jl neereft thereunto) is accounted of force to heale the bitings or ftingings of venemeus ferpents; it purgeth 3 ftrongly downewards both choller and flegme, and taketh aw r ay the hardnefle and paines of the belly, and fwcl- l lings of the breads :the feede and roote piepared helpeth the dropfie,being carefully and with good advife taken: i the leaves (fteeped a while in vinegar, and afterwards dryed and made into powder, which i$ the preparation of il them) may be given to the weight of three drammes faith Diofcorides, (which 1 hold proportionable, to the reft :ij of the great quantities ofpurgers, given by the ancients whereof I have Ipoken before, which is over large to be :fl given to any in our time, or at lealt nation) the roote (prepared in the manner aforefaid) is given likewile to the q weight of two drammes faith Diofcorides, in meadc or honeyed water: but one dramme is fo ftrong, that it is :il not fit to be taken but with caution, and by a ftrong body) the feede faith Diofeorides may be taken to the weight A of a dramme: but feeing p or i o feedes, ofthe garden Spurge is a fufficient ftrong medicine, I thinke fo many of ii thbfe feedes are too many by much : and of the juyee or milke a fpoonefull Diofccrides appointeth, being made :jj into pills with flower, which is the ftrongeft of them all: an extrad made artificially out of the rootes ismuch A commended by many in the dropfie, and other difeafes before named, but ithadneedeof anartift,as well in the !( preparing.as giving. The Pills of Efula fet downe in the 1 6 chapter before,doe properly belong unto this place, :< being to be made more properly, of this Efula than of that. The Imall annuall (purge is in purging like the other i forts, but is not fo ftrong for the difeafes aforefaid as the former are. 1 he feede of Peplus or the round Efula, be- :i ing beaten and drunkein hydromelor honyed water, purgeth flegme and choller. The leaves are ufed to bee ij pickled up, and kept to be ufed in meates, and the powder of them faith Diofcorides, ftrewed upon meate troii- ii bleth the belly : The fmall purple Sea Spurge hath the fame properties, and is ufed to be pickled and eaten, Ii with the like effeft that the former is. The Petty or Tyme Spurge, is ufed for paines ofthe mother, if the young q branches and leaves be bruifed with a little wine, and put up as a peftary: The fame boyled and taken doe purge ij the belly even as the milke or juyee doth alfo, and is good againft the flinging or biting of ferpents, and taketh h away all manner of warts and excrefcences of the like nature. It is very effedluall for the dimnefl'e or miftinefle ii ofthe eyes, to cleere the fight, and alfo for watering or running eyes, and to take away filmes or lcarresthat ; grow upon them, ufed with a little honey. The tuberous or knobbed Spurge faith Diofcorides, purgeth downe- ij wards, if the lower parts be taken, and upwards if the upper parts be taken: but the juyee to the quantity of halfe r a dramme, purgeth both wayes, and fo doth the plant being taken wholly together. The manner of drawing out it the juyee thereof (is fomewhat rude in regard of the exquifite manner of preparing extra&s chymically in out t dayes) asT )iofeondes fetteth it downe is thus. Beate the rootes and put them into a veflell full of water, ftirre i: them well therein, and with a fether gather the upermoft upon the water, which being dryed andkept, ferveth ?. for the ufes aforelaid, and for thofe that have the dropfie. Allthefe clenfe the skinne from difcolouring, even n as the former doe, and with as good fucceffc. There is none of them but are ftrong and violent, and therefore i! great caution and advife is to be had, in taking of them inwardly, and therefore fome appoint to put diverfc cold : hearbes to them in the taking: but for outward applications there is the leffe feare of danger, becaufe if the I skinne be any thing exulcerated, and the parts inflamed, helpe may fooncr be had and applycd thereto, than with- - in the body. RUBE 2, The Theater of Tlantes , Chap. 19. ipy Chap. XIX. Hippopbaes, Hippopbsfttm & Hippomanes. Thornie Milkewort or Fullers thornej Ecaufe D iofcorides fpeaketh of Hippopbaes and Hippophaftum, making them both Thornie plants, yiel¬ ding milke and purging, before Ricirms and the Titbymales, and Theophraftus in his ninth booke, anti fifteenth chap, faith that Hippomanes is nafcofTithymalus, or laHaria Milkewort, the beft ashee faith,wasknownetobemadein 7 c|Mandwasheldtobe of great worth; yctiny Theophraftus in Latine, which is very ancient without name of the Printer or yeareof the Printing, hath ill that place Hippopbaes although I confeffe I have feene Greeke copies which have had Hippomanes, but furcly Hippomanes being declared by other authors, to bee a kinde of poyfon made of the nature or thinne f'perme of Mares, as you (hall hearc by and by, could not in my mindebe fo unknowne to Theophraftus that he fhould fay, it was made of the Titbymalls or Milkeworts, but rather that Hippopbaes was a Milkewort, or made thereof; for in his 6. booke and ^chapter,at the latter end he numbreth Hippophyon which Cjaxst tranfla- teth Uppagoflmona thole plants that bearc thornes at the leaves,and in the fame booke and 5. chapter he nameth Hippopheos which Gazst tranllateth lappapo likewife,to have gentle fmooth leaves,not like unto the Capers,which have lharpe leaves as well as ftalkes, and in his 9 booke and 1 s chapter, maketh no mention either of forme,ha¬ ving declared it before, or of purging or poyfonfull quality therein; but numbreth it among other things, the bed whereof grow in Arcadia , and nameth it next after the Elateristm, made of the Wilde Cowcumbers, fo that it is probable his Hippophyon,Hippopheos, Hippopbaes ,or Hippomanes, whether you will, for diverfe doe thinke diverfiy, was anherbeor roote, that bore thornes as is before declared, whole condenfate milke or juyee, was of much worth being made in Tegea ; I thinke it not a'milfe iomewhat to declare both what I thinke Dioftorides his Hippopbaes and Hippopbtftum are, and the derivation of the name : and what •Sngttillara and others fay of it alfo, that fay they have lound it, to incite fome induffrious toattaine italfo, if that which I fhall fhewyouin my opinion be not it, and likewife to fbew what diverfe authors doe report of Hippomanes, that thereby the di. verlityof things might deere Theophraftus from imputation of want of knowledge, what Hippomanes was, or variety from others, and that his Hippopheos and T>iofcorides Hippopbaes, was one and the fame thing : This there¬ fore is the text of Dioftorides concerning Hippopbaes. Hippopbaes wherewith fullers doe refrefh garments, groweth in gravelly grounds and neere the fea. Itis abufliing plant thicke of leaves, or well fpreade, having long leaves like unto the Olive tree, but fmaller and longer, and betweene them many whitifh hard thornes di- ftanr one from another- The flowers hand in clulters like unto thofe of Ivye, but fmaller and more gentle, fomewhatreddilhorblufh out of a white: the roote is thicke and tender full of juyee, like milke and bitter in rafle, from whence as from Thapfta, a juyee is taken, which being dryed up either by it felfe (imply, or with the flower of Orobus (or the bitter vetch) is kept for their life that neede it: Hippophsftum (faith Dioftorides ) which dome cM Hippopbaes, groweth in the lame places, and is a kinde of Fullers thorne alfo. Itisalow herbe having thornie fmall leaves, without either ftalke or flower, with empty heads, it hath thicke and tender rootes: a juyee is drawne out of the rootes, leaves, and heads, and dryed up to be ufed: Thusfarre 'Dioftorides: In comparing therefore‘Dw/coriiirj and Theophraftus,! doenotflnde them to vary more than in a letter or twoof the word. For as you heare Dioftorides faith Hippopbaes hath many branches full of leaves, and fome thornes alfo, and Then, phraftsts doth intimate the fame,laying that Hippopheos hath fmooth leaves, and thornes by the leaves, or is a thor¬ nie plant as Fhleos (of which you fhall heare in that part that fpeaketh of thornie plants) Capers, Caltrops, and Reftharrow are -.Dioftorides faith the roote of Hippopbaes is thicke and full of a milkic juyee,and T heophrafttis faith Hippopbaes (as I fayd my booke hath it, and Columna in his chapter of Hippopbaes hath foallo, or as others have Hippomanes, which as I fayd before cannot be) ismadeofaTir/jyiaii/'/or Milkewort, the beft being made in 7 c- gea, and is of great worth, Pliny maketh mention of Hippopbaes in one place, and of Hippopbaes in another, as of one and the fame plant, as likewife of Hippophsftum in feverall places, which as yet in one place he calleth Hip. papeftuc in that he doth but relate what he hath out of Diofcorides ,yet fomewhat different.-it is probable he never law the plant, but did deliver what he fayd onely upon the credit of the author, we fhall not neede to inlift more upon hiin.The Greek name imweda comtneth either of cr flat or fta which is interpreted equarum [alas ant lux, autab eqnisgenita,fat fo Pliny fin his 22.book, and 13.chap,faith, ‘Debent accommodate, eft er equorumnatua rt,ne/y,ex aha c afta nomenaccepijfe; and iormuavitex hror@- & isatia quia equortimmaniamfive furoremfanabatx but becaufe Diofcorides faith it was called Spina fnllonia, and that garments wereclenfcd thereby, it feemeth the Etymon of the word was rather derived from iVvcj taken pro adverbio accrefcentis fie pro valde or multum,& of every branch ftandeth a round[flower in a fcaly head, confuting of many purplilh thrummes or threds, paler m the middle than round about, fomewhat like unto the head ofa Scabious or rather Knaptpeede ; the roote is of a fingers thicknefle, long,wooddy and ofa brownifh colour, fomewhat fait, if it grow neere the fea Ihore, where : it may drinke any of the Sea water, or elfe not fait at all, but bitter if it grow further off; the leaves alfo tailing ; after the fame manner, i'. Tar ten 1 Tr IBE.i. The Theater of TlantSi Ghap.zo. slljfum Monjpclienjiumfive Herba Terribilu. Hcrbe Terrible. Hippoglojfium Valentin am Cluff 2. Tartonraire Mafulicnfium. Gucworte or Trouble belly. t‘ Tartonraire ChlajJilienfiiW. Gutwort of Trouble belly" The herbe Gutworte or Trouble belly, hath very many hoa¬ ry, orfilver white flender and very tough branches, two foote high, divided into many other lmalltr, whereon grow many ixnall white hoary leaves round about them, fmaller than thofe of Alypum: the flowers are white and (mail, fetclofc together, in a long tuft, but fo covered with the white wool- linefle that they can fcarfe bee perceived: after which come fmall biacke feede, bitter and unplcafant, and fo fiery hot, that if any {flail either chew of them or the leaves, a little in their mouth, they will fo heate the mouth, lippes, and jawes, that no waffling will for a long time take it away: the rooteis fmall long'and wooddy, with many fibres at it, yello* „ i - . r j .. . on t ^ lc outfide and white within, nothing fo hot. bitter oranpeafantastheleavesorfeede yet leaving a fmall hot tarteat theend, without anyfent, and not gS any milke : it is faith Pem, ve ry like unto the Turbnh of Alexandria, or of the llioppes, in the forme thereof The Place, n T ^ fi tS7W«hon themountaine or hid, railed Cejlim or Capdecefte, and in other rockes andftony places’ 3 f ° r dl ,??f e places in S P aim as faith ' The f«:°nd doth likewifegrow neere^r/«//« b y t he Sea(ide J on afmallhill neere thereunto, called Mm&rmi, as Tern faith, and all a ions the coaft of Ltgttru,- and the Ifles of Corfica, and Sardinia, as Lugiuncrfr faith. S The Time . X X °''y er n pt untill it be late with us; but Cluftm found the firft in flower, in the moneths of February, a n d '-March, as he faith in Spume. •'> v . Floe Names] remedium nffinh&n’. per cmtnrium cnimfehdet.quemdmo. in a IU , race fcilicet fella yndnvx five dulcia o r ri>ntov, Holoftium tot a ojfea.cum herba fit tenera appellant ; except !•,j r fald t0 c0 “ c from M eft. CalfHm vel marhimum , becaufe it groweth neere the feain La* ' 6 a ? ef herba terribilis, according as the common people of Provence doe call it, from nuroeth flepme° r Hnrh'/ff S < ? Ued u-° A }P iM b y ACluarius, yet fome thinke that his Alypus, which as he faith Hnnhr in f d ° , 1 ^ cr fr° m bis Alypum, which purgech biacke choller: but Paulas rcconcileth this downeward chapter, where hee faith, that the feede of Alypum, purge* but if we rredir T) • r a * ct ^ c an< ^ ^inegar, in the fame quantity that Epithymnm doth : TauU ■ b “t is the fame in my judgement faith ASluJifrurfum if £d fW?"- theroote hereof, as Ifaydm the chapter of Tith/malls, is called by ther we have t-L* as dj, a £of Eftila minor, Turpetum nigrumy There is fome doubt with many, whe- rhe f irmp ofVK 7 P ur **o^Diofcorides or no, for that fome copies differ from others in the defeription of p ant, fome having the word that is like fenndl 3 and Cmfvr&f fomewhat red fay others, whereuDOQ 200 CHAP.tr. Theatrum ‘Botanicum. Tribe z, , whereupon Label ini Pm are bold to affirme in their Adverfaria,tha our age knotveth no herb.that may fo wel I or more truely, both in the forme and purging vertues, referable ‘Diofcorides his Alypum, (except the Ferulas) | then this herbe here fet forth, altering that word onely.which as he laith may be a fault (fuch as is common in i many other places ofhis worke ) in the tranferibers: and hereupon as it is probable Mefitet grounded his opini- j on that Turbith was the roote of a ferulous plant. Clufim laith that diverfe profeflors in the Vuiverfitie at Fa- i did call an herbe which he thetefound Hippoglofium, fuppofing it to be the true Hippoglofiim of Diofcorides-, . wherennto it can as he faith be nothing like.the properties being fo differing,except in a little appearance of like- . neffe in the leaves; Clufim alfo doth not acknowledge it to be oAlypum but mifliketh of their judgement, that ( doe referre it thereunto, becaufe the leaves are fo dry, that they leemeto be without any j'uyce in them; where- J Upon the Spaniard! call it fiempre enxuta, and from the round head of flowers, which is paler in the middle than round about, doecall it Coronillade fiayles,Coromla fiatrum the Friers Crowne, andoffome as he faith Segul- hada, but others of "ood judgement doe hold them, to be both butone plant, the divetfity, if any be, to confift in the climate Daledxtmpius as Lugdunenfs fetteth it forth, was of opinion, thatit might be Empetron of Diofco- . rides, which others as lie faith called Pbacoides, onely led thereunto, by the purging quality and growing neere J the Sea,as Empetron doth; and becaufe that the Crithmum or Faniculitm m.trmum, is difprooved by moll not to be i Empetron, which many heretofore thought to be fo, (and among the red Pandulphus Coll'mutim, in his defenfe J of Dlinye again!! Leoniccrut, foritiscertaincly feene, that Plinye hath confounded that Empetrnm, which is il a Saxifrage, with the other which is a purger ) becaufe it hath no purging quality in it at all: but feeing we : hold this to be the right or neereftit of Diofcorides, I cannot fee what reafon can move any,tothinke il it to be Empetrnm alfo, feeing Diofcorides maketh them two diflinft herbes in feverall chapters, and placed the j one the very next unto the other : fome alfo as Lugdunenfis fiith, take it for Ptarmica, or for the third fort of l| Cornea. Eauhinm in his Pinax, calleth it ThymcUa fo/iis aentis, capitttlo Succift, five Alypum Monfielienfmm. j The other is called 7 ‘artou retire by Lugdunenfis, and Label, and is fo called as hee faith, in the Ifles of forfeit and I Sardinia, and all along the Sea coafts of Liguria and Marseilles. Dalecbamp'ms faith that many doe referre this j tothe Sefamoidesmairwtmof Diofcorides, which he hath mentioned in his fourthbooke, and 147 chapter, with ; leaves ofGroundfelfor Rue : and therefore Dalecbampius in the defeription hereof faith, the leaves are like Rue, ; which in my judgement doth very hardly agree thereunto, but much Idle unto Groundfell, whereunto they are 1 alfo compared. Furthermore he faith alfo,that peradventure this may be that Ffelleborus^ ofTheophrattus, whofe j feede is like Sefamum, and wherewith in Anticjra as he faith they ufed to make purgations: but the extreame 1 purging quality herein, fhewing it as Pena faith, to be a new plant of our ages finding, and not well knowne to 1 be mentioned by any of the ancient writers, G reekes, Arabians or Latines, hath caufed diverfe to referre it, as I 0 fay, fome to Sefarmiies, and others to Theopbraftus his Hellcborus, with the fruite of Sefamum, and yet whofoe- il ver will advifedly confder, the feede of all the forts of Hellebores, both the white and the backe, fliall not finde J them much unlike the feedes of Sefamum it felfe. A/phonfus Pontius of Ferrara tookeitto be Cneorum of Tbeo- J phraflus : the roote hereofas feat faith, is like unto the Turbith of Alexandria, and hath not fo much lieate or J bitterneffe therein, nor other evill tafle as others have. Eauhinus calleth it Tlyrnalea foliis cemdicmtibtts ferici in. a fitly molliblts. 7 he Vertues. The feede of Alypum (faith Diofcorides)o\ herbe terrible,purgeth downeward blacke choller or melancholy, j if it betaken in the like quantity with Epithymum and a little fait and Vinegar put to it in the taking, but he faith I it doth a little exulccrate the bowells: the common people in Narbone, but efpecially the Quackfalvers and wo- j men leeches,as Pena faith, notwithftanding they find theeffeft to purge with fuchviolence.yet doe often giveit, | making a decodtion with the leaves flowers or feede, or otherwife make them into powder, and give it them 1 with wine or broth ; the lmalleft quantity thereof, to be taken in chicken broth, faith Plinye is two drammes, a meane quantities foure drammes, and the greatefl portion to be given at once is fixe drammes: (lufius faith h that the landlopers in Spaine, doe ufually give the decoftion hereof unto thofe, that are troubled with the French if dileafe, and that with good fuccefle as it is reported .■ the other Gutworte or Trouble belly isas violentin wor- '• king as the former, or rather much more, for the violence thereof is fo unlimited, that it oftentimes cauleth im- > moderate fluxes, even to blood and excoriations; efpecially if the dryed leaves be given unadvifedly in powder, an' mixed w ; th fome potable liquor, and driveth forth cholericke, fiegmatickcj and watery humors in aboun- > dance; the roote likewife worketh powerfully for the fame dileafes,which if it were Thecphrafius\fuWelkborus, i, or T> iofioridss Sefamum, were unprofitable or of no ufe; the feede onely with them and not the roote, having 1; the propertie and power of purging. Advice therefore before taken, and preparation both of the phyfickeand il body, the quantity alfo, the difeafe and ffrengthof the patient conCdered, it may be admitted to be given where a better and fafer things cannot on the fuddaine be had. Chap. XX I. Thjmelaa, Spurge Olive. Here remaine yet fome other violent workers, which fliall be declared in this and the next Chap- ■ ' ters following, and firffc of the TbymeUas, and then all the forts of ChamtLa and Sanamunda of M Clufus, becaufe they are fo like both in forme and nature : and let me alfo adjoyne the final! Sefa- ■ t moides of Dalecbampius, for the neere affinitie with them. 1, Tbymelta. Spurge Olive. This Spurge Olive hath diverfe tough flalkes, riling to the height of two or three foote, fometimes in the: naturall places, and much lower in fome other, ofthethickneflealfoof ones thumbe, covered with an afh co- ■: loured barke, and fpread into many branches; whereon grow many fmall,clammie,flat,pointed leaves,fomewhac like unto Mirtle leaves, or rather unto the narrow leaves of the Olive tree, for they are larger and broader than the leaves of Flaxe, whereunto many doe compare them, and doe continually abide on the branches without z T r i b e.z. The Theater of 'Plants. Chap .2 i. falling off, as the C hamtltn doth; at the toppes of the branches, grow many fmall tfarlike flowers, confiding of foure white leaves a pcece; after which come ffnall berries greene at the firft, and of a very red colour, like un¬ to Corall when they are ripe, being a little more long than round, of the bignefle of a Mirtle berrie, with a pnlpe or fubfiance like unto a Cherry, wherein is one kernell covered with a blacke foft and brittle fhell; the roote is foft and tender while it is young; very like unto a Raddifh roote as C In fas faith,but wooddy when it is growne elder, coverd with a tough thicke barke. 2. Thj/tneUaminor fiveCneorum Utfatthioli, Small Rocke Rofes. This plant hath diverfe long weake and Gender but tough branches lying upon the ground divided ufually into other fmaller ones whereon grow many fmall long and fomewhat thicke leaves neere unto thofe of Meier cm ftt without order to the tops where it fhooteth forth a tuft of many flowers together.confifting of foure leaves a peece, of a bright red or carnation colour, and in fome plants white, very fweete, which turne into fmall round whitifh berries,conteining fmall round feede.of a grayifh colour: the roote is long and yellowiih,fpreading di¬ vers wayes under ground, and abideth many yeares (hooting forth new branches. 3. Qhamttlaa Germ mien Jive Mefereon vulgo. D warfe Bay or flowring Spurge. There are two forts hereof, the one having a pale, and the other a deeper red coloured flower, they both rife up with a thicke wooddy ftemme, five or fixe foote high or more.and of the thickneffe (if they be very oldj of a mans wrelf at the ground, fpreading into many flexible long branches, covered with a rough grayifh barke,befet with many fmall long leaves fomewhat like unto Privet leaves but fmaller and paler and in a manner round poin¬ ted,falling away every yeare.-the flowers are fmall confining of foure leaves,many growing fometimes together at a place, and ufually before the leaves appeare, after which come fmall berries, greene at the firft and very red afterwards, but blackifh red being fuffered to abide longor.thebufh, the roote fpreadeth into many 1W and tough branches covered with a yellow barke, 4. Chathxlta A/pixa incMa. Mountaine fpurge Olive. This mountaine Laurel! hath a fmall wooddy ftemme three or foure foote high or more, branching forth to¬ wards the upper parts, into many (lender and tough branches, covered with a rough hoary greene barke, befer at the ends thereof with flatter fuller and fmaller round pointed leaves than the former, of a grayifh greene co¬ lour on the upperfide and hoary underneath, which fall away before winter as the laft doth: the flowers are ma¬ ny, fet together at the ends of the branches, greater than the laft, confiding like wife of foure leaves a peece of a light blulh colour, (landing in fmall grayifh huskes, of as little lent as the other: the berries arc fmall long graines of an excellent red colour, which afterwards turne blacke ; the roote is long and fpreadeth about under the upper part of the earth. 5. CbamaUatricoccor , WiddoW waile. This triple berryed Spurge Olive hath no great ftemme at all, but fpreadeth from the ground into many flexi¬ ble tough greene branches, whereon are fet diverfe narrow, long, darke-greene leaves all along them, which 1. TbjmUa, Spurge Olive, a. TfymeUa minor five Cneoram Matthioli, Small Rocke Rofes or Spurge Olive. X r i b e 2, c Ihe c [beater of‘Plantes. Chap.^i. abide greene all the winter; the flowers are very fmall, fcarce to be fecne, and come forth betweene the leaves and the ttalke, of a pale yellow colour, confiding of three fmall leaves, after which come fmall blackifh berries three ufually fet together: theroote fpreadethnot much in the ground but is hard andwooddy, dying often¬ times if it be not well defended in the extremitie of winter. 6 . Sanamunda prima (flttpi. 'lire fir ft Spanifh Spurge Olive of Cluftts. This kind of Spurge Olive hath diverfe flexible pliant branched flalkes, riling up to a foote and a halfe high, covered with a blackifh barke, and under it with a gentle fmooth one, which may be eafily feparated into long threads : having many fmall and fomewhat long hairie leaves thicke fet on them, fmaller lharper and thicker than thofe of ChsmiUa or Dwarfe Bay, and commeth fomewhat neere in likenefle to the Sea Tithymall , or Sea Spurge, but fomewhat hayrie, of a bitter fharpe and burning tafle, fomewhat clammie orgummie in chewing: the flowers grow with and among the leaves on the branches,con(ifling of foure frrfSlljellow leaves a peeceiafter which come fmall biack'fh berries fomewhat like unto the lad : theroote is thicke long and vvooddy. Clttftm inentiOneth another hereof with fhorter leaves,and whiter or downie, and fmall yellow flowers in tufts. 7. Sanamunda 3 Clttfi. The third Spanifh Spurge Olive of Cluftts. The third Spanifh kind of Spurge Olive, hath whiter and more pliant flalkes, covered with a thicker barke, very hard co breake, the fmaller toppe branches being almoft wholly white with dounc, which bend againe to¬ wards the ground, whereon are thicke fet a number of whitifli leaves, and thicke, covered as it were with cot- ten or dounc, fmaller than the laft, and very like to thofe of Stonecroppe of a fharpe hot burning tafle: the flowers are fmall and greeniih or pale (faith C Unfits like unto the others, the roote is thicke and vvooddy like the former. 8. Scfamoides minusTTalechampU. A different Spanifh Spurge Olive. There is another fort of this plant as I thinke,that hDalechampitts as Lttgdmenfis faith,tiled to call Sefamoidesmi- war, thatisincomparifonofthe greater kind, was fet forth by him a little before, not underflanding th e-minus o(T)iofcorides, which is a farre differing plant: but this Sefamoides minus Dalechampii, hath fmall pale greene lea'-es, fet about the woolly flalkes: the flowers come forth at the j'oynts with the leaves, which arefmalland white,and notyellow, very fvvectc in fent, farre differing from all the reft in fweetenefle, p. Sanamnnda Monjpe/iacag/abra. Smooth French Spurge Olive. This greene or fmooth fpurge Olive, hath a thicke white wooddy roote, covered with a pale coloured gentle pliant thicke barke, from whence flioote out many fmall (lender branches, full of j'oynts, and of an hand breadth high: on each fide whereof are placed diverfe fmall fhort and narrow greene leaves, feldome round pointed, fomewhatlike unto the \ew.soi Poly gala MilkewortorGangflower: the flowers are (mail and yellow (lan¬ ding with the leaves and amongft them : the leede hath not beene obferved. 10. Sanamundatydfricana. Spurge Olive of Africa. This African plant hath diverfe pliant [talks riling from the roote full ofj'oynts,and two fmall and almofl round leaves ar them, which fometimes lye fo dole to the flalke, that they feeme to be onely thicker joynts than the other: the flowers are yellowifh growing at the toppes of the llalkes: the roote is long and tough, with a rugged barke. The Place. The firfl groweth in many places in Spaine, as alfo in ftaly in Hetmria and about Trent as GManbioltis faith, and like wife in Narbone of Frame. The fecond in Germanic,Bohemia,2nd A«firia:Thc third in many places of Cjerma- nie alfo: The fourth in the mountaincs of Savoy : The fift in Trovence and Spaine ; the fixt in the Countries of Granado and J’alentia in Spaine as Clttfms faith. The feaventh both upon the liils, and neere the fea in fome pla¬ ces of Spaine. The eight by the Sea fide in the Ifland of Corf a, and is feldome feene, either in Spaine, Italy , or Trance.Thc ninth was found upon the hill neere Mompelier called Horttts Ttei.l he lad by Boeiius often remem- brcd in this and my former worke in Barbery. Alloft’nemare very tender, loving onely the wormer Countries, and will not without extraordinary care be kept in ours. The Time. The firfl flowreth not in Spaine untill Iuly and Augull,blit the red fome in Tanuary or February, and fome in March and April!, in their natural! places, and many with us not untill June or July, if they be preferred in the Winter. The Names. euua.aia. in Creeke is called ThymeUa in latine alfo with all writers, yttaf TithymeUa, cx Titbymah & Olea df.ttHa. The Arabians call this Mefercon promifcuoufly with ChamaUa Germanica, and Tricoccos, the Greekes call the berries hereof, properly ;},e.r.ot Coccum Cnidiurr. or gnidinm, as fome have it, butas Diofcorides faith, arc notthofe of ChameUa, yet affuredly the properties arenot fo farre differing, but that the berries of ChameUaany very well be ul’ed in the want of the other: Diofcorides faith that the leaves were called Cneontm in his time, whereupon Guilandinus rookt this to be Cneontm nigrum of Tkeophrttftas, as he doth the ChameUa to be Cneontm albxm(yfmSn Gan.11 tranflateth Cafa) for hereof they made two kinds,the one white the other black. Cordus in his bidory of plants calleth the Cneontm 'JMatthioli ThymeUa minor whom Eaubinus followed) (and fo doe I ) calling it ThymeUa afinis facie externa. But if I fhould in this place, upon this occafion.tofave the often repetitions in other places, fhew you all the opinions of other writers concerning (fneorttm, whereunto they doe referre them, and their contraries, I thinke I Ihould not doe amide: Angmllara maketh Lavendala to be Cneo- rum album, and Kofmarium to be nigrum, whom Matthialus refuted thus, that Thcophraflas faith both forts of Cneontm , fend downe long rooteslnto the ground, and the branches are pliant and gentle, fit to bindc things withall, neither of which properties can be found in Lavander or Rofmary, Matthiolus in his lad Latine editi¬ on, fetteth forth 2 figures of Cneorum, the one in the chapter of Cttumm, which he faith hath the true notes of Cneorum album 7 heophrafi, and the other in the chapter ot ThymeUa, which he thinketh to be nigrum: and in his third booke of Epidles, in that unto Ioannes frato, and in his fourth booke of Epitlles, in that to Bartholomews Maranta, as well as in his Commentaries upon Diofcorides, in the Chapter of Cinamon he is perfwaded that Tbeophraftus his white or fwcete Cneontm is the C a J’ ,a whereof Virgill in his line dick: and Geprgickes maketh fo often mention, and which Plinyc alfo from the teflimonies of Higimts, calleth Cajfa the fwcete herbeandnoc 2G£ 2 04. Chap.21. TheatrumBotanicum . Tribe.z, , the Aromaticall tree, which is like to Cinamon : Lugdunenps by correcting the greeketext of Theopbrajhu in i; divers places where he thinketh it is faulty, fheweth the figure of a Plant, accounted of divers, as he faith, to be f the Cneorum album of Theophrafius, which Bauhinus jndgeth to be the D orychnium Imperati & Plateau, mentio- f red in C lupus his Hiftory of Plants. But Bauhinus, both in his annotations upon Matthiolus as he hath published I: them, and in his Pin ax referreth both thefe Plants of his,the firft unto Ocj/moidcs repens Polygonifolio of Lobel, and | the other unto the Ocymodcs repens of Carrierarhu . Myconus, as Lugdunenps faith,referreth his Cneorum album, tin- | to Avicenne his other Oleander, which he calleth wild Oleander , for as he faith it is like common Oleander, both in f leafe, flower, and fent. The third is called ChamaUa & Mefereon ufually now adayes,and fo likewise by Traotssi | Dodcnaus and C am re arias call it ChamaUa Germanic a ; by Fuchfm and other s,Daphno ides, Gefnerin her t is Daph- | noides nofrum vulgarc-. Lugdunenps, L sureola famina,AnguilUra Vipermontanum, and Lob ell, Lauras pufi/la, and f Mefereon G ermameum : fo me alfo take it to be (hamadaphneD iofeoridis. The fourth is called C.hamtd&a Alpina inca - | na by Lobelia Cham a la a altera by C lupus,\\A Italica by many with us,becaufe C lupus faid it came to them only j from Italy . 1 he fifth is the true ChamaUa & Mefereon of the Arabians, & generally called now adayes ChamaUa j tricoccos. The fixt is called Sana.mur.da> by the Spanifb Mores in Gran ado, as C lupus faith, and of the profeft'ors of ! Herbarifme, or Herbarifts there alfo, though the countrie people call them, as he faith, Mierda cruz i of the pro- J pertieof the flrong purging. Bauhinus calleth it Thyme Uafoljs Cbamalaa minoribusfubhirfutis , and is the Thy- | melea ftecics CMyconi of Lugdunenps the fecond S mamunda of Clupus, which Bauhinus calleth ThymeUa folijs Ka.ii Unrtginops palps. Thefeventh is the Brie a Alexandria of Lob ell -, and the 3. Sanamunda of Clupus. The | eight is called Sefamoides minus Datedampij by Lugdunenps, who in my mind much confoundeth both himfelfe 9 and his readers herein, for he referreth this both to C lupus his fecond Sanamunda, which he faith is hot, fharpe, 9 and fomewhat fait, even as he faith his Sefamoides is: and alfo to the Cneorum nigrum My coni, which he flievv- | eth after the defeription thereof, that the tafle of the leaves is fomewhat binding,with a clammineffe or glcuifh- nefle therein alfo, which is quite differing in propertie, and yethemaketh them to be all one Plant:, and Bauhi¬ nus following him herein, fofetteth itdowne in his Pinax : but both this defeription, aslhave before given it you, differeth from C lupus his fecond Sanamunda, which as C lupus faith,hath his flowers in clufters at the tops, and from the other which hath them at the joynts } Clupus again giveth unto his yellowifh flowers,like unto thofe of the Olive tree, and Dalechampius faith, it beareth fmall white flowers, very fweete : fo that it may feeine to be a fpecies thereof, and not the very fame, but it cannot be alfo his Cneorum nigrum Myconi, if the talles be fo different: let others judge hereof after they have confidered them both well. 1 he ninth Bauhinus fetteth downe in his Pinax , with the title ThymcUafolips polygalaglabris, in his Prodromus with the title Sanamunda viridis , vcl glabra, and referreth it to the ThymeUa fpecics Myconi of Lugdunenps, who faith it doth beft agree with Clupus . his fv ft Sanamunda. The laft is not remembred by any before. 7 he Kertues, The firft Spurge Olive worketh very churlifhly with whomfoever, and inwhatfoever manner you give it, viz. the leaves piepared beaten to powder, and taken in wine or broth, or the berries fwallowed whole or brui- fed and taken by themfelves; for as Diofcorides faith, if twenty foure of the berries be taken in drinke (this pro¬ portion is anfwerable to the reft of the phificke in thofe times as I have often faid) or the inner pulpe of them onely, it purgeth downewards very ftrongly, both Choller, Flcgme and water, but as he faith, they will burne the jawes and throate, and therefore they had ncede be rowled, or otherwife given with flower or barley meale, or fwallowed in mcalc, orinraifins, the ftones taken out, or taken with purified honey, being beaten with niter and vinegar, it is applied to them that are given to over much l'weating. H e that will give the pou- I der of the leaves, had ncede firft to take away the firings that runne in the leaves; which may be done while it 1 is groftcly beaten, before it be beaten finer, which prepared in this manner may be made into Trochifces or balls, 1 to keepc all they care .the leaves being gathered in Autumne : It is a remedy alfo for them that have eaten and | drunken Hemlocke,the poyfonfullher-be. All the Sanamunda s likewife arc violent purgers, forhalfe a dramme I ofthe juyee ofthe berries taken in wine,,or in broth, which is the better, and the iafer way, purgeth watery 1 humours aboundantly; and therefore if it be taken with good advife warily, it may doe good in Dropfics, I Gouts, Joynt-aches, the Sciatica, and the like : in Spaine they ufually give a dramme in thedeco&ion of red 9 Cicers, which purgeth flegmaticke and melanchancholy humors wonderfully, and conlcquently is availeable to d all fuch difeafes, as rife from fuch humours, Lugdunenps recordeth a cure of one in the Hofpitall at Lions, who 9 was grievoufly tormented with the Crampe, performed by Dalechampius, by giving him a dramme of the leaves 9 of the fourth kinde here fet downe in pouder, in a little barley water, which wrought as forceably as if he had | taken Colocynthis, and thereby was reflored to his health. The country people, as Matthiolus fheweth, doe 1 often take of thofe berries to purge themfelves, thinking to be their owne Phylitions herein, and deceive them of 1‘ their fee due for their counfcll, but as he there faith, they often'deceive themfelves, by their unskil full foole- A hardinefle, and make more worke for the Phifitions to cure them of the paines and torments, and other dange- ► rous difeafes that follow the taking of thefe violent purgers, ifthey free them not of further trouble by their II owne deaths: Pliny is j'uftly to be taxed for writing in his 27. booke and 9. Chapter that the Coccognidium 1 (which as I faid before, is called by the Grecians the fruite of Thymelaa) doth ftay or bind the belly (Sifit alvum, ij is the word in the generall Copie, which yet fome would impute to be the errour of the Writer out thereof 3 when it fhould be Ciet alvumi) when Galen and all other Authors acknowledge it to be a ftrong purger. Mefues n advifeth that Mefereon ( which I faid before the Arabians doe confound, and is to be underftood this Thymelaa , >1 as well as that ChamaUa, &c.) is not to be given without the corredfors appointed for it, and yet not, but unto J ftrong able bodies: All thefe therefore are not fafe to be given to weake bodies or ftomackes, to women with child, or to children that arc not ftrong,except they be ftrongly infedfed. Chap. Tribe 2. The Theater o/Tlants. 'H A P.12. 2.05 Chap. XX II. Laureola. Laurell or Spurge Laurell. HisLaurell or Spurge laurell (that it may be knowne from the Bay tree, which is of divers, called the Laurell tree) riieth up ufually but with one Itemme, yet fometimcs with more, very tough and pliant, covered with a whitifhthicke tough barke, branching forth into divers parts toward the toppes, whereon are fet many long, fmooth, thicke, fomewhat broad and (Lining darke greens leaves, Tome what like unto Bayleaves, but longer,fmoother,fofter,and not with hard veines therein as Bayleaves have; the flowers come forth towards the toppes of the (hikes and branches, and at the joynts with the leaves many fet together, which are fomewhat long and hollow, ending or fpreadinginto fourefmall leaves, ofawhitifh, yellow, greene colour: after which come fmall round, and fomewhat long blacke berries when they are ripe, wherein lieth a white kernell; the roote groweth downe deepe into the ground, and fprea- deth likewife tough long white firings, fomewhat woodic : both leafe and flower, both barke and roote are ve¬ ry hot and fharpe in tafte, heating and burning the mouth and throate of any that ihall tafte them: it keepeth the greene leaves all che Winter, and doth not fhed them. 2. Chamsdaphnoides Jive Laureola Cretica. Candie Laurell. From a crooked fmall white roote, rife up three or foure crooked and bending blackiih ftalkes, thicke fee with leaves without order, covering them allmoft wholly, which are long and fmall towards the bottomes,and grow broader to the ends,being thicke and hard,greene above,and grayifh below, fading very hot, and burning both mouth and throate very notably; what flowers or fruit it beareth, hath not beene feene, but referred unto this Laurell for the forme and propertie, and groweth very low. The Place', The firft groweth wild in many places of this realme, as well as beyond thefeas, and being brought into gardens will there abide, and fiourifh diffidently well, the other was lent out of Candie to Trover Alpmus } yihi hath given this remembrance of it. Tke Time, - -i j tlC very early in the yearc,even in Ianuary or Fcbruary,and fometimes before, if the Winter be nulde, the berries are ripe about June; the other hath not floured, as is before faid. The Names. It is called in Greeke HaQtmHea Lauri foliorum fimilitudine, and the Latines accordingly, LaureoU ipuafi pufil- la Lamm. Some doe appoint two kinds of Lmtreola , mas & fsmina, fome accounting this to be mas, and Cha- . Germanica to be fsmina, others this to be famina and Chams.Ua to be mas ; fo variable are divers in their opinions :Matthwlus taketh this to be Chamqdaphne oiDiofcorides ,and the ChamaUa to be Daphnoidesjom in both 1. Laureola Fionas. Lawrell in flower. 2. Laureola cum baecis, Laurell with berries. to 2 06 Ch a p. ? 3. Theatnm ‘Botanicurn. T r i b e.2. , he is much miftaken •' Lobeland Lugdunenfis dot take this Laureota which he calleth (-Mas, to be Daphnoides, , and the ChamaUa Qermanicatobc Chamedaphne or LaureoU fcemia. Tragus alfo is much deceived in miftaking ] this plant, for Diofcorides his ThymeUa. Moft of other writers doe call it Daphnoides , or Laureola , Dodomus as j I faid before, would make it to be Cneorum nigrum of Theopbrafius , and the Cham*.La his Cneorum album. In my former booke I was partly pcrlwaded, that Cbamadaphne of Diofcorides, was the ChamaUa Germanic a, or came 1 fomewhat neere thereunto; but upon better thoughts, I thinke that Chambdaphna may be more truely referred, , to the Laurus Alexandria of CMattkiolus , whofe leaves are fmall like unto Bay leaves, and the berries red when E they be ripe, Handing upon the leaves: and if you would aske me then, which is the Laurus Alexandria of 3 ‘Diofcorides , I would anfwere you,that it is that Laurus Alexandria legitime., that Lobel hath fee forth in his Ap- pendix, to his Adverjiaria , whofe branch I communicated to him, to fet forth, as I had it from Pifa, whofe leaves ij come neerer unto Diofcorides his defeription, than either that of Matthiolus, or of any other as you (hall fur- . therunderftand in his proper place; the other is called Cham* daphnoides , id efi , Laureola C retie a by Projper A l- • pinus, lib. deplantis exoticis. TbeVertues, . , The leaves and berries hereof are as violent a purger,and do heate and inflame the throat,bringing the ftomack, , of whomfoever fhall take thereof,and drive them into as many dangerous difeafes, as any of the former; yet ta~ • ken advifedly it purgeth flegme from the ftomack and oftentimes by vomit alfo,it procureth womens courfes,and ! being chewed in the mouth,it draweth down from the head and braine much corrupt matter that would offend it. [ Many Emperickes do give theberries fometimes,but the leaves more often, to evacuate the watery humors in the ) dropfie,and think they finde good fucceffe thereupon,as alfo to eafe the paines of the collick,doe give the powder i of the leaves in a little broth : the berries and leaves hereof when they are frefftboyled in oyle, and afterwards i ftrayned forth:this oyle being annointed on the belly loofeneth the belly,and helpeth the collicke,and being an®in- i ted on the backe and raines provoketh urine and helpeth the piles. Chap. XXIII. Laurus Tim Jive fylvefiris. The W ilde Bay tree. Shall in this chapter (hew you the wilde Bay trees, and joyne it next unto the LaureoU ^ both for the name and nature thereof. u naiui c uititui. i . Laurus Tins Lufitanicus. Thefirft wild Baye of Clujius or of Tortigall. . The wilde Bay tree rifeth up to the height of an hedge buffi, or the Dog-berrie tree; having diverfe j long fquare ftalkes, full of branches, andfaire large broad leaves, lomewhat like unto Bay leaves, let in or- jj .. LaurusTitiuiLufitanicacitridca bacca. The firft wilde Bay of Clufm or of Port ingall; i. Laurus Tinus alter vel i. Clujii. The fecond Wilde Bay of Clujius . Tribe 2. The Theater of Tlantes. Chap. 24., 207 derthereupon, two alwayes fet together at a/oynt, oneagainft another, bucof adarkc greene (Lining colour^ of no fent at all in them, and of a bitter (harpe unpleafant tafte, troubling the ftomacke, caufing loathing, and calling withall: at the toppes of the branches and cwigs,lland many fmall fweete fmelling flowers in chillers confiding of five white leaves a peece : after which fucceede fmall berries, being fomewhat long flat and corne¬ red, of an excellent pale bright blew colour, inflaming and burnig the mouth and throace.ofwhofoevcr (hall tafte it, that it is almoft infupporrable, and not but in a long time, and by drinking milke, and holding it in the mouth to be taken away or ealed; this abideth greene all the winter. 1. Ltwrusf inns alter ml 2. Cltifti, The fecond wilde Bay tree of Clufuu. This other wilde Bay tree, rifeth to be a bufh, much about the lame bigneffe with the former, havin'* (Ironver flalkes, and more plentifully branching forth, which are reddifh being young, and more greene witlithe red- liefle when they are older : whereon grow the leaves in the fame order, but fomewhat longer, narrower, and more full of veines than itthe flowers {land at the toppes of the twigs and branches, in the fame manncr’thac the other doc, but are more purple and lefle fweete than they; which afterwards give fmaller, fuller, and blacker berries,than the former: this alfo holdeth his greene leafe all the winter without flieddin". 3. LaurnsTinusfylveflriealter ftvetertius. The third wilde Bay tree. This wilde Bay groweth feldome to be a tree of any height but abideth low (hooting forth many (lender bran¬ ches, covered with a darke greene barkc, with fad greene fmooth leaves, fet by couples thereon, fomewhat refembling Bay leaves without any fmell: the flowers grow in tuftes or duffers at the ends of the branches,fome- what reddifh while they are in bud, but whiter being open with reddifh bdges, confiding of five leaves a peece, fmellihg fweete : there feldome followcth any fruite but are blacke round berries when it'beareth,yet not perfeft to fpring againc in any that I have feenc, 4. LattrusTintts Cretica frttticofa. Thefhrubby wilde Bay of Candye. This Bay tree groweth low and fhrubby,bearing many (lender round fliort branches covered with a black bark with knotty joynts.wheron are fet s or 6 or more leaves like the former,but fmaller upon fliort foot (talks which are wholly without lent, but heating the mouth and tongue with a little aftriftion : the fruite or feede isas fmall as a pepper corne,with a thin rind opening into three parts like a Spurge feed, con'aining within each part a fmall long whitilh kernell like to a graine of wheatc, fmelling ftrong and tailing fomewhat bitter and heatin'* or bur¬ ning the mouth and tongue. The Tlace. Thefirlt groweth in Portugal and Spaine in diverfe places, as CH ms fafth, in Italy alfo on the hils of Florence and Romania ; and in the wood Valena in Nnr bone, and among the dwarfe fcarlet Oakes,in many places of Mount Cetus or Sejlius neere MompelUr in Trance. The fecond as Clttfms faith lie found in the Moncfierj of Pern lonttA in Portugal!, and neere the Seafide alfo, in other parts of Spaint-. the third he faith he onely fa w in Boyfot his gar¬ den, rayled from Italian feede, which afterwards communicating the fuckers thereof, became familiar in manv otherHerbarifts Gardens there, as it doth alfo with us in our Country-.and the laid in Candye, 1 The Time, _ The firflflowred in July and Auguft, and the fruite was ripe in OcTobcr in fome places of Port tut all- when as in other places, Clufms faith he found it in flower in November, with the fruite on it then alfo; the fecond flovv- reth alfo and bearcth ripe fruite much about the fame time : the third flowreth with us onely in December and continueth flowring Ianuary and February, if the winter be not too early or too extreame. The Names. It 19 called by Theophrafius in Greeke &d;l nary, for thefe purpofes. The leaves boyled and layd hot.upon any hot and painefull apodumes, efpecially in the in more remote and fine wie parts, doth both coole the heate and inflammation of them, andeafe the paines. The :i diftilled water of the inner barke of the tree or of the roote, isvery powerfull to purge the watery humors of ;:< the dropfie or titnpanie, taking it fading,and two houres before fupper : CMattbiolns giveth the receipt of a me- decine to helpe any burning by fire or water, which is made in this manner; take, faith he, one pound of the in- ■! i ner barke ofthe Elder, bruife it or cut it fmall and put it into two pound of fine fallet oyle, or oyle Olive,that! hath beene fird wafhed oftentimes with the diftilled water of Elder flowers,let them boyle gently a good while ', : together, and afterwards ftraine forth the oyle, prefling itveryhard; fet this oyle on the fire againe, and put thereto, foure ounces of the juyee ofthe young branches and leaves ofthe Elder tree, and as much new wax: let them boyle to the confumption of the juyee, after which being taken from the fire, put prefently thereunto, two "" """ ounces:i( X R-1 b a z. TboTbeater of ¥lantes. Chap. 2,5. 2ii ounces of liquid Vernifh, (fuch as Ioyners ufc to vernifh their bedfteeds, cupboords’ tables. See.) and afterwards of Olibanum in fine powder foure ounces, and the whites of two egges being firfl: well beaten by themfelves, all thefe being well ftirred and mixed together, put it up into a cleane pot, and keepe it for to ufe when occafion ferveth. The young buddes, and leaves of the Elder, and as much of the rootes of Plantaine beaten together, and boyled in old Hogs greafe, this being laid warme upon the place, pained with the gout doth give prelent eafe thereto. The leaves alfo burned and the pouder of them put up into the noftrills, ltaicch the bleeding being once or twifeufed. If you fhall put fome of the frefh flowers of Elders into abagge, letting it hang in a veflell of wine, when it is new made, and beginneth to boyle (I thinke the like may be tried withaveffellof ale or beere new tunned up, and fet to worke together ) the bagge being a little prefled every evening, for a feaven night together, giveth to the wine a very good rellifh, and a fmell like Mufcadine, (and will doe little lefl'e to ale or beere,) The leaves of Elders boyled tender and applied warme to the funda¬ ment, eafeth the paines of the piles, if they be once or twice renued growing cold; The foule inflamed or old ulcers andloresof the legges,being often wafhed with the water, ofthe leaves or of the flowers difliiled in the middle ofthe moneth ofM ay, doth heale them in a (hort fpace. The difliiled water of the flowers, taketh away the heate and inflammation of the eyes,and helpeth them when they are bloud fhotten. The hands being wafhed morning and evening with the fame water ofthe flowers, doth much helpe and eafe them that have thePalfie in them, and cannot keepe them from (leaking. The pith in the middle of the Elder ftalkes, being dried and put into the cavernous holes of Fiflulous ulcers, that are ready to clofe, openeth and dilateth the orifices, whereby injeflions may beufed.and other remedies applied for the cure of them. It is faid that if you gently ftrikea horle that cannot dale, with a fticke of this Elder, and binde fome of the leaves to his belly, it fhall make him Hale quickly. The Mufhromes of the Elder called Iewes eares, are of much ufe being dried to be boyled with Ale or Milke with Columbine leaves for fore throates, and with a little Pepper and Pellitory of Spain? in powder, to put up the uvula or pallet of the month when it is fallen downe. CjUattbiolus faith that the dried lewes eares lteeped in Rofewater, and applied to the temples and forehead, doe eafe the paines of the head or headach. The Mountainc or red berried Elder, hath the properties, that the common Elder hath, but weaker to all pur- pofes: the berries hereof are taken to be cold, and to procure fleepe, but the frequent ufe of it is hurtfull: It is laid that if a branch of this Elder be put into the trench that a moalehath made.it will either drive them forth, or kill them in their trench, TheMarfh Elder is of the like purging qualitie with the common, cfpecially the ber- riesor the juyee ofthem. Hens and birds doe feede upon them willingly in the Winter. The Wallwortor Hanewort, is more forceable or powerfull than the Elder, in all the difeafes and for all the purpofes whereunto it is applied, but more efpecially wherein the Elder is little or nothing prevalent; the W allwort ferveth to thefe ufes. The young and tender branches and leaves thereof taken with wine, helpeth thole that are troubled with the Hone and gravell, and laid upon the teftides that are fwollen and hard,helpeth them quickly ; the juice of the rooteofWallwort applied to the throate,healeth the Quinfie or Kings evill :the fundament like wife is flayed from falling downe, if the j’uyce thereofbe put therein: the fame alfo put up with a little wooll into the mother, bringeth downe womens courfes; the fame j’uyce of the roote is a mighty purgerof watery humours, and held mofleffcftuall for the dropfie of all others herbs whatfoever: the dried berries or the feeds beaten to powder, and taken in wine fading, worketh the like effeft, the powder ofthe feeds taken in the decoflion of ^bamapitys or ground Pine,andalittle Cinamon, to the quantitieofadrammeatatime, is an approved remedy, both for the gout, j'oynt aches, and fciatica, as alfo for the French difeafe, for it ealeth the paines by withdrawing the humors from the places affefled, and by drawing forth thofe humors that are fluent, peccant and offenGve.- the pouder of the roote worketh in the like manner, and to the fame effeft. The roote hereof fleeped in wine all night, and a draught thereof given before the accede and comming ofthe fit of an Ague, prevaileth fo efleflually there againft, that it will either put offthe fit, or make it moreeafle, and at the fecond taking fcldome faileth to rid it quite away. An ointment made of the greene leaves, and May butter made in the moneth of May, is ac¬ counted with many a foveraigne remedy, for all outward paines, aches and crampes in the j'ointes, nerves, or finewes, for ftarckneffe and lamenefle by cold and other cafualties, and generally to warme comfort and ftreng- then all the outward parts ill affecTed: as alfo to mollifie the hardnefle, and to open the obflruffions of the fplecne, the grieved parts anointed therewith. The leaves laid to fleepe in water, and fprinkfed in any chamber of the houfe, as it is faid, killeth Fleas, Wafpes and Flies alfo, if you will credit the report. Tragus faith, that the tender branches boyled in wine, whereunto fome honey is put, and drunke for fome dayes together, is pro¬ fitable for a cold and drie cough, cureth the difeafes of the bread, by cutting and digefting the grofle and tough fiegme therein. Briefely whatfoever I have fhewed you before in relating the properties of Elder, doth Wall- Wort more flrongly efleft in opening and purgingcholler, flegme and water, in helping the gout, the piles, and womens difeafes, coloureth the haire blacke, helpeth the inflammations of the eyes and paines in thf eares, the flinging and biting of Serpents or a mad Dogge.the burnings or fealdingsby fire and water.the wind-collicke,the collicke andftone, the difficultie of urine, the cure of old foresand fiflulous ulcers, and other the griefes before fpecified, which for brevitie I doe not fet downe here, avoiding tautologie as much as I can. Chai, XXV. He Reborns mger. B lacke Hellebor or Bearefoote. the Hellcbors there are two primary forts, white and blacke : Ofthe white fort we will fpeake in re next Chapter, and of the blacke in this whereof there are fundry forts as you fhall heare. I. Helleborus niter verus. The true blacke Hellebor, or Chriftmas flower. The true blacke Hellebor ( or Bearefoote as fome would call it, but that name doth more fitly agree unto the other two baftard kinds ) hath fundry faire greene leaves riling from the roote, each of them (landing on a thicke round ftiffe greene ftalke, about an handbreadth high from the ground, divided into feven, eight, or nine parts or leaves, and each ofthem nicked or dented from the middle of the leafe to the poitkward on both - ' ‘ ~ ' fidesa 11 fides, abiding greene all the Winter, at which time the flowers ri fe on the like fhort ftalkes, as the leaves grow on, without any leafe thereon for the moft part, yet lome- timeshaving a fm all fhort pale greene leafe, refembling rather a skin than a leafe, a little under the flower, and grow but little higher than the leaves: each ftalke alfo beareth ufually but one flower, yet foinetimes two, con¬ fiding of five large round white leaves a peece like unto a greatc Angle white Rofe, changing fometimes to be ei¬ ther dafht with a purple about the edges or to be wholly purple without any white in them,as the weather or time of continuance doth effeft, with many pale yellow thrums in the middle, (landing about a greene head, which after groweth to be the feede veflell, divided into fe- vcrall cells or podes like unto a Colombine head or Aco~ mum l:yemale t but greater and thicker, wherein is contained fomewhat long and round blackifh feede, like thefeedes of the bafiard kindes: therootesare a num¬ ber ofbrownilh blackefirings,which runne downe deepe into the ground, and are faftened to a thicke head, of the bignefle of ones finger. Of this kinde there is an other whofe flower is red from the firft opening, which Bel- Fiojembro. i on - msxt mcm brcth in his obfervations to havefeenc in the woods of Greece. 2. Helleborafter minorfloreviridar.te, Baflard blacke Hellebor or Bearefoote. The fmaller baflard Hellebor or Bearefoote is in mod things like unto the former true blacke Hellebor, for it beareth alfo many leaves upon fhort ftalkes divided into many parts, but each of them are longer and narrower, of a darker greene colour dented on both fides, and feele fomewhat hard, perilling every yeare, but rife againe the next Spring: the flowers hereof (land on higher ftalkes, with fome leaves on them alfo, yet very few, and are of a pale greene colour like the former, but fmaller by the halfe at leaft, having likewife many greenilh yellow threads or thrummes, in the mid- „ and fuch like heads, or feede velfells and blackilh 3 - Heileborafter maximum f ive coaftlieo. Thcgrcatcil ball aid blacke Hellebor ot Bcaresfootc called SettcrvYorte. feede Tribe 2. 'X ,be Theater of 'Plants. C ftede in them, therootes are more ft ringie blacke and hard than the former. 3 . HMomJhr alter trifclim frint/M. Tretoile Prickly leafed Bearefoote. This fort differeth little in the manner of growing, from the laft deferibed, having long flalkes with leaves thereon, and flowers at the toppes of the fame fafhion and fo is the ieede alio that lolloweth, but the leaves arc harder,and only divided into three partes, & the dentes about the edges are hardiharpe and prickly; the flowers being of a paler or whiter greene colour. 4 . Helleborafter meiximw five Confiligo. Thegrea- teft baft ard blacke Hellebor, or Bearcfoote, called alfo Setterwort. This great Bearefoote hath diverle fad greene leaves, riling from therootes, each upon along ltalke, which are divided into 7 or 9 divilions or leaves, each where- of is narrower than the teller baftard blacke Hellebor or Bearefoote, nicked or dented about the edges, but not fo deepcly, and abiding above gronnd greene all the winter, whereas the other periflieth as I lard every yeare.and rifeth againe in the fpring: this fhooteth up a reafonable great and tallftalke, higher by rhehalte than the other, with fuchlike leaves thereon as grow below, fmaller up tothetoppe, where rt fpreadeth in¬ to divers branches,bearing many hollow cup-hke flow¬ ers, divided at the brims into S parts, but doefeldorue fpread thefelves open.ofa wh tifh yellowgreenecolouf fomewh.it like the other baftard kind, Scfometimes pur- plifh about the brims or edges,with a greene head mthe middle, Scafew white threads about it:(wherby it may feemc likely to be that fourth kind of Vnatnim nigrum of Clnfim, which he calleth peng-mum , and faith is like unto the third of ‘Dodm.tm, v/hofe figure ashee faith, he fheweth there, to be knowne which he mea- 6. HeUcborus tiiger Sanicul£ foli 0 major. . The greater purging Sanicle like Hellebor. 5 . Hel/eborus n igcr jerulasi Fennell hated baftard blacke Tkeatrum \Botanicum , Tribe 21 + Alter Clajlj. Chap. 25. neth ;but it is notthethirdof^0^»*#.rashe faith, but the fecond, and rhis that I here defcribe unto you, is T*o- donans his third Veratrum nigrum ) which greene head growing to be the veiled, wherein the blacke feede is con¬ tained, fhooteth forth into foure,five, or fixe homes; fafhioned like the other baftardkind, but fmaller, as the feede is alfo for the mod part* the roote is but (ingle with nothing fo many ftringes growing with it, and often¬ times periiheth after it hath given feede, yet notalwayes, nor in all places: the whole plant, and every part thereof, is of a worfe fmell than the other: the roote of this withthe lower part of the dalke next thereunto, is that Setterwort, thatthe countrie people doe ufc to rowell their catted withall. Of this kinde alfo Clujius ma > keth mention of an other, differing onely in the darker greene colour of the leaves, and in the flower, thatthe edges of the three innermoft areof a darke purple colour. 5. Helleborus niger fernlactus. Fennell leafed baflard blacke Hellebor. This kind of ballard Hellebor fhooteth forth many greene ftaikes, fometimes lying or leaning to the ground, or elfe [landing fomewhat upright, befet very thicke with fmall leaves, finer and fhorter than fennell, fome of them ending in a tuft of fuch like fine greene leaves, and fome having at the tuppes of them one large flower a peece,fomewhat reddifh or brownifh on the outfide, while they are in bud and a while after, which being open confift of 12. or 14 long and narrow leaves, ofa faire fhining yellow colour, fet in order round about a greene head with yellow thrummes in the middle, laying themfelves open in the Sunne or a faire day, but elfe re¬ maining clofe: after the flower is pad, the head growing greater fheweth it felfe compaft of many round whi- tifli feede, very like unto the head of Adonis flower, but much greater: the rootes are many long and blackifh firings fet together at the head,very like unto thofe of the leiTer blacke Hellebor or Eearefoote, but harder,differ, or more brittle, and feeming to be without any moifturein them, blit abide and increafe every yeare, although the ftaikes with greene leaves doe utterly perifh every yeare. 6 . Helleborus niger SankuUfolto major. The greater purging Sanide like Hellebor. This Hellebor hath divers broad darke greene leaves, each of them Handing upon a long footeflalkc, which a re cut in on the edges into five divifions for the mod part,& dented about befides,fomewhat refembling the leaves of the common Sanicle, but more truely the leaves of the field Ranunculus or Crowfoote, or Geranium Batrachoides Crowfoot,Cranes bill: from among which rife up divers flender fmootb greene dalkes.having fome leaves upon them,and at the tops of them, two or three or more dowers together,each of them confiding of many fmall hard whitifh leaves, as a pale or border, compafling many threads in the middle ■ which being fallen, there rife up many flat whitifh and long feede, fomewhat like unto feete Fennell fvveede, but not altogether fo bigge, nor lo yellow ; CJerard following ‘Dodonaus description, and not his owne knowledge ; iaith the feeds are like unto Carthamus , and his Corrector mendeth not the fault: the rootes are (mail blacke dringes, (hooting from a toppe head, like unto the roote of the Bearefootes. 7. Helleborus niger Sanicuhefolio minor. Small purging Sanicle like Hellebor. This fmall Hellebor or Sanicle, (which you plcafc to call it) hath divers fmall and fomewhat round leaves,eve- rieone upon a long footedalke, being not much broader than the nayleof a mans thumbe, yet div ided even to the middle ribbeinto feven parts, everyone of them being fhort, narrow, and dented about the edges -.the dalkes are many and fmall, not above an hand breadth high, withoneor two leaves on them, more cut in and divided than die lower are; at the toppes of them Hand divers fmall dowers very thicke, fet together in tufts or umbles, like unto the lad,but fmall.er, after which come fmall dat feede, fomewhat like die other, but lefler by much, as it is alfo in all the ocher parts thereof. 8. Epipatlis LMatthioli. Afatthiolus hisbadard blacke Hellebor. This fmall herbe rifeth up with fundry flender weake fmooth dalkes, bearing each of them a broad greene Ieafe, divided for the mod part into five divifions or parts, fomewhat like thofe oftbefixt, yet fometimes but into three, efpecially the fird or lowermod s and dented alfo about the edges: the flowers grow from among the : leaves upon the like flender dalkes, being darrelike, and compofedcf fixe pale coloured leaves,with many fhorc th eades in the middle; the roote is a tuft of blacki/li fibres like the former blacke Hellebors, ifiuing from a thicke a head. The Tlace. The fird groweth in Germany, France, and 7 ^(y,and Greece in fundry places : the fecond I have feene in fome woods in Northamptonfhi'e, and in other places of this Land; the third grewat c Delft with C orvinus, and then at Rome, as Aldinus faith in his Farnejian garden : the fourth groweth,as Tragus faith in the borders of dony ' fields and grounds, and on rockie hills by the Mofella and the Rhine, as alfo in Harcynia Sylva ; and Etna faith in i Aquitaine,^ alfo by the river Lams at Afompelier ;thc fifth groweth neere Vienna in Auflria , and both the Hun- ■ caries as C lufuts faith : the fixth groweth naturally on the hills of Germany, and other untilled and craggy places: . the feventh groweth on MonsfruElus ncare the cNlpes, as alfo on the 7 yr&nean hills: the lad as Rena faith in the : low grounds or valleyes of the forred or wood of Effens, not farre from Iupiters hill. The Time. The fird doth flower in December and Ianuary, if the weather be any thing temperate ; the fecond, third, and: fourth in February or March, and their feede is ripe in May ■ the fifth in A prill: the other in May and Tune. The Names . It is called in Greeke and fometimes without the afperation pc di£t*m volunt quod cibum- corporis eripiat , in Latine alfo Blleborus dr Flleborum , and alio Helleborus , & Helleborum, & veratrum, quod men- tem vertat : But there is much controverfie and contrarietie,both in the ancient and moderne Writers concerning: them ; for the Helleborus oiTheophraftus and Diofcorides doe much differ the one from the other, and divers of our moderne Writers, thinke that ours doe differ from them both. Some likewife appropriate one herbe, fome another unto theirs as you fhall prefently hear z.Theophraftus faith in the ninth Booke, and eleventh Chapter of his Hidory of Plants, that the rootes of the blacke and whit* Ellebor, are like the one unto the other, except the colour, that is, the one blacke the other white (which may be reconciled if you will take it fpoken onely of their Fibres, the one being blacke, the other white) but that the leafe of the blacke as he faith is like unto a Bay Icafej and that of the white unto thofe of Leekes, can no way be reconciled, for they are fo differing from Dtofcorides Qt ours, that we may well fay, we neither have nor know any of both Thcop.yraftus his Ellebors, vnleffe there be Tr i b e.i. The C Iheater ofT tints. Chap. 2 j. be fome crrour in the text as many think t. Diofcorides defcribeth his blacke Ellebor, to have leaves like Platarsus. the Plane tree, but lcflc, neere unto thofe of Spondilium or cow Parfnippe, but more rough and blacker, cut into many divifons; the ftalke is rough, the flowers, faith he, are w hicifh, inclining to purple,Handing in a duller; the feede is like Cincus or ballard Saffron, which is called Sefamoides in -Anticyra, wherewith they make pur¬ gations : the rootes are fmall blacke firings, comming from a certaine head like an Onion, which are in ule • thus i'arre “Dsofcorides-.a nto this defeription our true black Hellebor doth nor agree in all things dor the leaves of ours do very fotrily refemble thofe of the Plane tree ("which is a whole broad leafe cut otherwifein the ed"es into parts or divifions)or of the Spondiliu cow Parfnip,(which is a broad whole leafeconfifting of many much broader divifions in it)neither are the leaves rough,(but oented or toothed at the ends) nor the ftalke rough, but fmooth, nor do the flowers (land in clufters but one by one each upon their own (talk,or two at the molt on a fialk; where¬ upon Dodonaus would mak our fixt fort here expreffed,which is fomewhat like the Sanicle or Selfe heaie,to be the Eeratrum nigrum, or EHeborus mger'Diofcoridis, becaufe it hath feeds in tultes, which Gefner , Venn, and Label! call Afirantsa nigra oi “Diofcorides, and FucbJiusSaniculafamina : butZWoKa/ohimfelfe is much puzled, to make itagree thereunto, finding it to differ in many things, fometimes in making the feed to be like Cnicus ■ where - unto it hath but little refemblance, as I fhewed you in the defeription, and fometimes blaming the text,(where it isfaid to be called Scfamoidcs in Anticyra, jto be corrupt,and that Diofcorides borrowed it fromThcopbraJlus^ho faith that in Anticyra, they did give Elleborus Sefamaceus the Sefamoides like Elleborus , that is to fay whofe fruit is like unto Sefamunt,w purge withall: And it is mod probable, that the feede of the blacke Hellebors, both the true and the baftard kindes, may fomewhat agree thereunto, and not very unfitly be compared unto the fruit or feed of Sefamum,&c the feed of Cww ; but whether the feed of thofe black Hellebors.have more force in purging than the rootes have,I am not certaine,that any hath made a true experiment,for moll of our mederne writers do agree,that both our white and black Hellebors are the true forts,let forth by Diofcorides, (& notwithlhnding the variation,as it is before fet downe) 7 beophrafius alfo. The firfl is called Helleborus riser by all that have written of it, fome adding thereunto Flora magno purpureo, as Gefner, or Flare rofeo as Hank inns, or legitimus or verm as others doe. DadaKcus oncly in his French Herball calleth it Vlanta leerie and Anguillara Elleborus nicer annum but why I know no realon : the fecond is called Fielleborajler (fr Helleborus nicer vulgaris by Gefner “by Cordus xoftras, by Euchjius adulterinus hortenfis, and (fonfiligo by Lugdunenfts and Turner : the third is remembredby Aldinm in his borto Farnejiano: the fourth is called by Dodonaus in his French Herball Lycottonumprimum whom Label feemeth in his Adverfaria to follow,faying it commeth necre to the Aconites • CJefiter in bonis took it to be Pulmonaria Eegesii,Cordus calleth it Sefamoides magnum,mi Tragus P edicularia faridia tertia, Dodonaus and C/«- Jitts Vcratrttm nigrum tertium,\ and Cafalpinus Eneapbyllon Plinii: but generally it is called either Helleborafirum magnum as Tabermontanus, or Helleborafler maximus, or Helleborus nicer fylveflris adulter inns, or elfe Confiligo Ruelia, 3S Lobe/,Lonicerus,LugdunenJismdothers : yet all the Hellebors both black and white are alfo taken by oneorotfer to be Conjiliges, for in regard there is no defeiption of Confiligo extent, in anyauthor, but the ver- tues and properties onely whereunto it is applyed, divers have wrirten thereof diverfly. Tragus, Lonicerus, Gefnerm and others, both Phylitians and Apothecaries almoft through all Gerrrumy, and the parts ad j'oynmg in for¬ mer times,tooke this lift fort, called Bupbthalmum ma'jus, by Anguillara,Clahus, and others ; and Helleborus ni- gerferulaceus by Lobefbw. Pfeudo Helleborumby Matthiolus tobe the true Helleborus niger of Diofcorides, orat lead: a kind thereof, and which Clufius faith was foufed ofall in Eiemami thofe parts before he came thither, and (hewed them their error and the right kind, which they ever after ufed : Dodonaus alfo calleth it “Buph- thalmum, joyning it next to Erantbemum or Flos Adonis, whereunto it is very like in leaves and feede, but not in rootes: others would make it Sefamoides minus of Diofcorides, whereunto it hath no correfpondency •• the fixe is calledby Enchfius Sanicula famines, and fo doth Gefner, who alfo calleth it Aftrantianigra, as Label doth, fol¬ lowing as it fhould [eemtTragus,v/ho calleth it Ofleritium montanum : Tabermontanus calleth it lmperatoria ni¬ gra,Dodonaus as I fayd before, taketh it to be Elleborus niger,ox Veratntm riorum of Diofcorides ,ini“BauhinHs in his P inax calleth it Elleborus niger, Sanicula folio major, and, I from him do fo likewife,as thinking it a name as proper, ifnot more then any other is given it: the feventh Baubinus onely hath deferibed in his Prodromus by the fame title that I have given it: the laft is the Epipatlis of Matthio/us,vjhkh Lobelmi Pena call Elleborine Alpma Sanicula & Hellebori nigrifacie & commentitia,as counterfeited by him, yet others doe not thinkefo: but whe¬ ther the EpipaFHs of Diofcorides, which he faith (ome called Elleborine fhould bee referred to the white Ellebor, as Ceimeranus and others would have it, or to the blacke, refleth doubtfull, becaufe “Diofcorides is fo briefein his defeription thereof, that it cannot certainly be determined, he onely faying it is a fmall Herbewith fmall leaves, good for the difeafes of the Liver,and againft poyfon. The Arabians call it (fherbachcm and Charbacb afued, the Italians Elleboro negro, the Spaniards Verdagambre negro, the French Esrare & Eeraire noir, the Ger¬ mane s Z re art Niefsource,, and Chriftaeurvofc- “D ttteb Steers Niefcruit, and we in Englifh as it is in their titles. TbeVertues. The true blacke Hellebore is ufed for mod of the griefes and difeafes, whereunto the white is available,but is nothing fo violent or dangerous: the leaves fhred fmall, or the juice of the leaves made up with flower, into fmall cakes,and baked,hath been ufed to good purpol'e to helpe the Dropfie,Iaundies,and other evilldilpofitions ofthe Liver and Gall; The leaves fometimes alfo are ufed to purge and open the body in fome cafes, as well as the rootes which are of greatefi life, and greatefi effeft, againft all melancholike difeafes, long lingring Agues as thequartaine and the like, the Meagrime and the old paines in the head, the blacke as well as the yellow Iaundies,the Leprofie, falling fickne£fc,Confumption eyther of the Lungs or whole body, or paines in the belly f Sciatica,Crampes, Convulfions or fhrinking of finewes, and all other griefes, paines and aches of the j’oynts or finewes, if the roote be taken in pouder, in infiifion or decoftion, or in broth, being firft prepared in vinegar as is fometimes ufed to bee done, that is fteeped in vinegar for a day and a night, and after dryed up againe, which manner of preparation is according to the antient oiftome then ufed: but wee have not found that the roots of this blacke Hellebore growing in our owne Country, to be deadly to cattle if they eate it, or any of the other forts, or that this hath any fuch ftrong or churlifh operation in working, as the ancients doe attribute to theirs of the hotter Countries,that thereby fuch preparations fhould neede to qualifie the malignitie thereof: for wee have never feene ours, (I thinke the moifture and temperature of our climate, abating and correfting ii 6 Chap. 2d. Tbeatrum c Botanicum. Tribe 2* the violence thereof) to worke any trctiblefome fit or paffion in any that hath taken it. without any of that pre¬ paration aforefaid,(the remedy if any danger be thereby is to drinke Goates milke) yet Matthiolus doth much t commend his Elleborifmui^ihe receipt whereof is in the third booke of his Bpiflles namely in that to Hatmfchiw) \ whefe preparation is to fleepe the rootes and take out their pith and dry the barke againe, and preferreth the : rootes of that true blacke Ellebor thatbeareth redflowers, before thofe that beare white, but in want of the : one as he faith hitnfclfe, the other may be toasgoodcffefl taken; for that kind (if it be a kind of it felfe, that : will not degene rate, and not the quality of the climate onely caufmg the colour) wee havenot feenegrowing ■ in our land, although fuch an one hathbeenefent me from beyond fea, but periihed quickly after:lie commen- '• deth it for all the griefes aforefay d : yet ifan extract be made of the rootes, it will ferve upon all accafionj, being ready at hand to be ufed: the rootes applyed in a pelfarie mightily prevaile to bring downe womens courfes: the powder of the roote (frowed upon foule Vlcers, although they be fiflulous doth quicklyheale them; and if there be any callous or hardfielh growneinthe fibula, the roote left in it for two ot three dayes will con- • fume it quite. Galen remembreth this in 6 A?fmpl.medfaeu/t. and Iulitu Alexar.innut faith,he often tryed it to i be true : the rootcsboyled in vinegar, and any place walhed therewith troubled withfcabbes.whealesorpuihes, the lepry or any other fuch like breaking out, yea although they be gangrenous or eating fores, by flaying their ( eating or fpreadmg, preferveth the ftefli from putrefadion: the fame decoftion alfo helpeth the Toothach, if ’ the mouth be gargled therewith : as alio dropped into the eares eafeth the noyfe and helpeth the deafeneffe. The Second kind which is the lefl'er baflard Hellebor or Ecares foot, for any thing that ever I could finde, by the feverall tryalls made thereof, is more forceablc and churlifh in working and purging then the former • a dram ofthe rootes (leeped in wine all night and drunke in the morning, afluredlyprevailcth powerfully againftall the : difeafes appropriate unto the former kind: therefore I fhall notneedeto repeate the fame things a^aineibut belides the things before remembred, the powder of the dryed leaves thereof doth helpe to kill the wormes in children more cffeftually : a little thereof given in drinke or broth, or in a Fig or Rayfins, or llrowed upon bread fpread with Hony : it is fayd alfo to refill any poyfon that is taken to expellir, orcaule that it fhall not hurt--the ufe hereof likevvife in outward caufes, is the like with the former, as for foule fores and Fiflulaes Scabs,&c. An idle conceit poflefied many in ancient times, that he that would digge up the rootes hereof, had needetoeateGarlicke beforehand, lead: the evill vapours that fbould arifefromit in the digging up, didnot : offend the head and brair.e : The greater Ballard Hellebor or Setterworte, was held by 7 ~>edmtns as I fayd be¬ fore to be a venemous Aconite, not to be dealt with, and that it would kill Woolvcs, Foxes, Dogs,&c. I have knowen little ufe thereof unlefl'e in great neceflity, where the other forts are not to be had, and onely amon^ country people, whofefirong robullisus bodies are able to abide the working thereof; but is onely or chiefly ufed to rowell catcell withall,as TVoy/iAjy.r.s.faith that a pecce ofthe roote of blacke Hellcborbeing drawne through a hole made in the eare of a bead troubled with the cough, or having taken any poifonous thing cureth it,if it be taken out the next day at the fair.ehowre. Abfyrtiu and Hierocles declare the fame thing and Columella alfo : this manner of curing is ufed with us but the place is changed from the eare to the dewlap of Oxen.and to the foreleg or hinderleg of an horle above the pallcrne. It is thought alfo by divers of good Judgement that not 1 onely all theHellebors both white and blacke will doe the like ifany cure be performed hereby, but many other forts of herbes: yet as the name Lowfcwort importeth the herbe made into an oyntment, or the decoction of 1 the leaves killeth Lice, if the places be eytherwafhedorannointed that are chiefly troubled with them, Thefixt here fet foi th, which 1 call purging Sanide, hath beene often found by good experience to open and purge the body of melancholy humours, & thatfafely without fuch perturbation thereto as is fayd to be in the other forts of blacke Hellebor: UodonaM like wife fuppofing this to be HAiofcondes his black Hellebor.appropriateth all the ver- tues thereto, that Diofiaridn faith they of Anticyra ufed their Etteborus Sefamaccu the other forts ate not ufed I' or very feldoine in Phyfick now adayes. Chap. XXVI. Hellcborus A thus. White Hellebor or Neefewort. F 'he white Hellebores there are two principal! varieties, as greater and Idler, the greater being ac¬ counted wiiAus manured or ofthe garden,and the other wilce. i. Hf lleborus albas vulgaris, Ordinary white Helleboror Neefingroote. The firfl great white Hellebor nfeth at the firfl out of the ground with a great round whicifli greene head, which growing up openeth it felfe into many goodly faite large greenc leaves,plaited as it were withemi ent ribbes all along the leaves,compafling one another at the boctome, from the middle whereof rileth up a (Ircng round flalkc with divers fuch like leaves but fmallerto the middle thereof, from whence to the top it is divided into many branches,having many fmallyellowifhor whitifh green flar like flow¬ ers, all along upon them.which after turne into fmall long threefquare whitifli feede,Handing naked without any huske to containe them, although fome have written otherwife: the roote is reafonable thickc and great at the Alter fine head, having a number of great white firings runnin rg downe deepe into the ground,whereby it is flrongly fade- ifto be whiter,and fo would make a differing fort thereof for that caufe onely, but r doe not thinke it worth the name of a differing fort. 2. Hellcborus albas pracox five atro-rubente fore . The early white Ellebor with darke red flowers. This other Hellebor is very like the former,but that it fpringeth up a moneth at the leaft before it, and that the leaves are longer thinner & no lefle plaited, foulding themfelves backwards oftentimes.and fooner perifh falling away from the plant: the ilalke hereof is higher then the former, with fewer leaves thereon,bearing fuch (tarry flowers, but of fo darke or blackifh a red colour, that they are fcarce difcernable but at a neere diflance,the feede is very like the former : the roote hath no fuch tuberous head as the other, but as it were along bulbous fcaly head,from whence fhoote as many long white firings as the other: both thefe lofe their leaves wholly and gaine frefh every fpring. EUcber'me Tribe.i. The Theater of Tlants. Chap ,i6. 217 r. EUeborui albusvulgaru. Granary white Ellcbor orNeefeworr, 3. Elleborine majorfive Calceolas Mart*. The great wilde Hellebor, or our Ladyes Slipper. The greater of thefe forts ofwilde white Hellebors,rifeth up with one two or more ftalkes, a foote and halfc high at the moft, bearing broad greene leaves on each fide, one by one, fomewhat like thofe of the former white Hellebor, but fmal- ler and not fo ribbed, and each comparing the ftalke at the lower end ; at the top of the ftalkes ftandeth fometimes but one flower,yet fometimes two or three at the mod, one above ano¬ ther upon (mail fhortfooteftalkes, with a fmall leafe at the foote of every one : each of thefe flowers are of a long ovall forme and hollow withall, efi ecially at the upper part, the lower be¬ ing round and fwelling like a belly : at the hollow part there are fmall peeces like eares or flippets, that at the firft doe cover that hollow place, and after ftand apart one from another, all which are of a fine pale yellow colour in all that I have feene; yet it is reported that fome are found of a browner colour or tending to purple *. there are likewife fowre long narrow and darke co¬ loured leaves at the fetting on of the flower unto the ftalke, wherein as it were the flower at the firft was encloled: the whole flower is of a pretty fweet fent: the feede is very fmall, and like unto that of the Or chides or Satyrions, and contained in like pods; the roote is compofed of a number of firings en- terlacing themfelves one within another, lying within the upper cruft of the earth, and not fpreading deepe, of a darke brow- siiflo colour. A fort thereof hath beene brought from the North parts of America, differing onely in being greater both in ftalkes, leaves and flowers, which are not yellow but white, with red- difh drakes through the bellies of them. 4 » Elleborine minorfiore albo. The fmall wilde Hellebor with a white flower. This fmaller Hellebor groweth up in the like manner, and not much lower, bearing the like leaves but fmaller, and of a white greene colour like thofe of Lilly Co nv ally the top of the ftalke hath many more flowers, but letter growing together fpike 2. Hclleboruialbus vernus airerubcntwusfloribus The early white EJIcbor with'datke red flower?. 2 i8 Chap.26 Tbeatrum Botanicum , Tribe 2 . faMon with fmall fhott leaves at the flalke of every flower', which conflfleth of five fmall white leaves j with a fmall clofe hood in the middle without any fent at all: thefeede ts alike and fo aretherootes but < Ellcborine minor fiore ptirpurMte. The fmall wilde white Hellebor with blufliflowers. The leaves hereof arc narrower than the laft.the flalke and flowers are alike but fmaller and of a pale purphfhl or blufh colour. viridante _ wi id white Hellebor with whitifih greene flowers/ This differeth not much from the laft, but in the colour of the flower which is greemfli on the outfideandl fomewhat white within. . . , , ■ 7 EUeborinc fiore atro-rnbente, Wilde white Hellebor with darke red flowers. This wilde kinde groweth fomewhat bigger and higher and with larger leaves than any other of thefe fmajli, wiidrfortSjthe flowers likewife are more fn number and of a deepe purple colour. 8 . j Ellcborine ewprtft-ifolia Jfiicata verpcolor. Variable wilde white Hellebor. This alfo rifeth fomewhat high,having narrower leaves on the flalke, yet ribbed fomewhat like unto the rib-d wort Plantaine : the flalke endeth in a long fpike of fine purple coloured flowers, in tafhion like the reft,but ther opening hoodes with their labels are white fpotted on the infide with purphlh fpots: the leaves and rootes ard 3like - The Flare. . . , _ f Both the firft forts grow in fundry places of Germany and AuJlnaisClafim faith rfialtTthA about Raffia w here a good fhip might be fraighted with the rootes of the ordinary fort as M after TrakfcMteibd elder affirmed-the other forts grow many of them in our owne land as well as beyond fea, namely the thud fourth and fixth; efpecially the third in a wood called the Helkei m Lancajhtre ncere the border of Yorks; The Tim. The firft do wreth before the fecond, although it fpring earlier out of the ground, bemgnot mfiower until I the end of luly, the reft flower about Msay, fome earlyer or later than others. The Names. ^ I 1 have flrewed you in the chapter before that it is called f(/*» or Mf»«, &c. The firft is generall called Hellehorm and by ‘Dodom.uficrdm upon Viofcorides and others Veratrum album fimlandmu took I to be the Hellebmu undidHsohbs Grecians, but is affurcdly the Coblige of y ■ e gtMt,Abf]rtni, Colmdlasm T r i b e 2.* The Theater of Tlants. Qhav.i6„ 2:9 PUnyc. Gerard tookc this for the next to call it pracox. Baahinas to diltinguifh them calleth this floref“bviridi,md the lecond floreatro-rttbcnteZe. other writers ex purpura nigricante^Lobe/nddeth pracox vnto it:the third is called by Clcijins Slleborine reccntiorum, and of others Calceolas Maria or Marianas yoxi&LHgdanenfisJilleborinefcrrrtginta Dalechampii^Cjefner in hortis Germania taketh it to bzAlifmatisfpecics find I'o doth 7 halites likewife,and fome Z)nrt~ the Dutch vine Niefimyt , and we in English white Ellebor or Neefewort. The T'ertiies. Therooteof white Hellehbr or Neefewort is of mod tile (neither the leaves flowers nor feede being ufed at any time with us that! know ) and worketh veryflrong'y and churlilhly with any that fliall take, it pro¬ curing ftrong vomitings-yet being taken with convenient preparation of the body aforehand,and dieted by ad- vifeas P) iojeorides warnethit,may doe much good to ftrong conftitimoUs that can endure the working of it, by caufing much tough vifeous clammy and corrupt humours that offend the ftomacke to be avoyded, to betaken not failing but for fometime alter one hath eaten, for which purp'ofesthe Oxymel HcUeborarum is a medecine: 1 prepared to your hand and fit to be u led: it provoketh womens courfes and will kill the birth if it be takenin- wardly :halfe a dramme of the roore prepared with Oxymel txnd given in wine, to thole that are fodeepely pof- fefled with melancholy that it cauleth fits of fury or madnefle.doih mud) abate the peccant-humour giving much eafe to the party: being likewifefteeped and afterwards boy’edin broth and given, helpeth thole,that are trou¬ bled with the tallinglickneffe.rheleprofiejand all other breakings out in the skinne, as fcabbes, &c. quartane, agues, the ptificke or pining conlumption, an old cough, the dropfie, ruptures, lciatica, goiate, era ipes, paines in the joyntsand finewes, and paines and fwimming in the head: the bell preparation of it is to be infuled in the juyceofa Quince, or to be put into a Quince, and either baked inanoven,or l oaded under the embers, and halfe a temple thereof given at a time; and this was as Mattbiolus faith, the ancient manner of curing tbefe difeafes; but being fo dangerous a medecine though fometimes taken with caution,that it putteth many in hazard offtran- gling, and is onely remedied by eating Quinces, or taking the juyceorthc Syrope made thereof, hath made - he life thereof wholly almoft to be given over and left: theroote laith Dio/corides is put with ocher things tohelpe the dimnefle of the light; the j’uyceof theroote dropped into theeares taketh away thenoyfe andlingi in them: being boyled in lye and the head walked therewith itkillcth lice and helpeth themnninp fcabbes and fores thereof, being mingled with flower and a little honye or butter, or elfe boyled in milke and let where flies gnats,&c. doe much refort, doe kill as many as touch it: if hens, duckes, or geefe doe chance to drinke thereof it will kill them iikewife : being moulded up with meale and honye, and put into moale holes or the burrowes of field or dormife, or any other fuch fmall Vermine will quickly deilroy them : the powder or fcrapSrrg of the rooteby it felfe,or with a few leaves of Marj’erome put up into the nofe.purgeth the head and brairtts by neelino; beingboyled in vinegar and the decoftion gargled in the mouth, eafeth the paines of the tooth ach: the fame de- coftion Iikewife helpeth the itch and fcabbes in the hands, andclenfcth fouie foresand ulcers in the leggesand other parts. The Spaniards and Navarrois doemakeacertainepoyfon of the juyceof the rootes of white Helle- bor which after it hath fermented ina home or earthen leaded veffell (the time when it is rcadie to be ufed they know by this tryall: having tilted a needle with thred, and wetted it therein, they draw it through a froege which if it prefently dye, then it isgood, and ready) they dippe their arrow heads therein, and then what bead: lliall be wounded therewith fhall iuddenly dye: which thing Matthiohu faith, hee alfo tryed on dodoes and chickens, which dyed prefently after they were wounded with a weapon dipped therein, in that the a venome had peirced the blood,againft which poyfon no other antidote can be found more fit and fpecdy,than the eating of' Quincesjfor even the fmcll of them being in a houfe where that poyfon is, takethaway the whole force thereof: but is reftored againe fas it is faid)if ripe grapes be mixed therewith or iome pepper call into it: this poyfon is onely ufed while it is frefh,for itlofeth the ftrength,ifthe juycb dryupon the arrow heads,and therefore to keeoe them the better they life to keepe them in a calc, the iron headsbting wrapped in wooll and clothes wet therein: but this is the moll wonderfullas it is related, that this poyfon being drUnke, procureth almoll no harme to them that drinke it, unleffc they take too much and as it is fayd the hunters often take it themfelves to purge them: it is fayd alfo that the Acfh of thofe beads killed by this poyfon, is more tender and pleafant in eating than of other not killed therewith, and elpecially that part about the wound. P-aufanius in Phocicis lecordeth a notable ftra- tagem that Solon ufed in befeidging the Citiy of Cyrrheus, viz. That having cut oft’ the River Plijlus from run¬ ning into the Citty,he caufed a great manyof thoferootes to be put into a quantity thereof, which after they had diffidently infefled the water, he let palfe intotbe Citty againe, whereof when they had greedily drunke they grew fo weake and feeble by the fuperpurgation thereof,that they were forced to leave their wals unmand whereby the AmphySlions their enemies became mailers of their Citty: the like llratagems are let downe bvdi- verfe other authors performed by the helpe of other hearbes. The lelfer wilde forts are notknowne with iisto be ufed in Phyfickc: but if either of thefe Elleborines be his £pipattis,he faith it is good in the defeds of the liver and againft'psyfotis and to procure vomiting; Theophrajhu faith the fame 21 O Ch A P. 2 7 'Theatrum Botanicum , Tr 1 B E.Z, Flore lu~ tea. Chap. XXVII. Gmtiola. Hedge Hyffope. ?F the true Gratiola or Hedge Hyffope, I doe know but one kinde as all the belt authors doeagrec, * but yet unto it there are added two or three other hearbes, asneereft thereunto, either in face or i qua!itie,fome reckoning the one and fome the other; and I in this place bringing them all as fit to > be ranked under this title. j. qratiola vulgaris. True hedgeHyflope. This hearbe is but a fmall low plant, fcldome growing with his (lender bending fourc fquare branches, above a i foote high; having diverfe l'mall leaves let thereon, very like unto thofe of the ordinary garden Hyffope, butat little (hotter and broader, and of a pale greene colour, ol a very bitter unpleafant tatle : from about the middle i of thefe branches.at the joynts of the leaves up to the toppes of them,come forth the (lowers,every one at a place, (landing upon very lhort tooteftalkcs, which are lomewhat long and hollow, ending in foure leaves, two! ofthe lowed (landing out as it were lippes, and the other two above, (horter by thebalfe, of a whitilh yellow,' colour, tending to a blacke blew, and fometimes more blewifh or purple : after which come fmall round heads,. wherein is conteincd fmall (eede : the rootc (liooteth forth too and fro under ground very much, with many] joynts and fmall fibres at them, thereby encreafing and quickly fpreading largely, efpcciallyif it (land in any; inoyd place, becanfe it will hardly hold long in any dry ground. Camercirim faith he found by a brooke fide, not farre from Geneva one of this kind with a yellow flower, not differing in any thing elfe. 2. Gratiola minor five Hyffopoides. Small hedge Hyffope. This fmall hedge Hyffope,(liooteth forth fometimes many,and fometimes but one or two round reddilh (lalkcs ] halfe a yard high, branched coward the toppes; whereon are (et one above another, and (ometimes one againlll anothcr,diverfe fmall andfomewhaf long leaves, fomewhat fmaller than the former, and neere refembling Hyfope leaves, of a pale greene colour, joyning clofe unto the (lalkes and branches, and without any foote flalke at all: at the joyntes with the leaves come forth flowers, every one by it felfe, (landing in a long huske, confiding of foure leaves of an excellent blew colour : after which fucceedc fmall browne (cede, conteincd in long round podsthe roote is white and fhooteth forth many fibres, whereby it comprchendcth well in the ground : the hearbe and every part hereof is utterly without any fmell, and almod without any taffe, yee fome hold it to have a nitrous or little fait, and fome a little fweetilh tafte •• Sometimes and in the moyllet grounds, this is found with larger leaves, and growing.higher; fometimes with fmaller and longer leaves, which (carle rifeth an handbreadth high, and that in the dry grounds. I. Gratiolayulgariie The true hedge Hy flu pc. 2. 4. Gratiola anguflifolia minor : Et latifolia nofhas. Small hedge Hyffupe. i he Idler broad leafed hedge Hyilopc 3-.C ratio h Tribe i. The Theater of Plantes. Chap. 27. 3. (jratiola arnica, five latifolia major. The greater broade leafed or blew fiowred hedge Hyffope. 1 his hearbe alfo is referred unto gratiola, tor fome rcfemblance it hath, both for place.and manner of growing, and efpecially for the bitterneffe thereof, fo like it, which by Label and Tena their judgements was thought at the firft likelieft to be a kinde of Lyfimachia, and fo entituled it oalericulata for diftindlion fake.but others of jood judgement fince, have otherwife thtught as you (hall heare anon: I have placed it, with the Gratiola, partly led by the authority ofothers.and partly by the common vote of thefe times, who as frequently call it Gratiola latifolia, zaLyfimachia galcricuDtai take the defeription thereof, therefore in this manner. It is a fmooth low plant not riling ab ove a foote high, with many fquare llalkes diverfly branched from the bottometo thetoppe, fet with diverle joynts and two fmall leaves at everyone, which Hand upon fhortfooteftalkes, being broad at the bottomc and fmaller to the end, a little dented about the edges, (which is not remembred in Lobe! and Pena their defeription) and full of veines, of a fadder greene colour than the former, longer alfo and broader: the flowers are gaping, fomewhatlike unto thole of Dead Netcles.of a faireblewifh purple colour,with fome white fpots the ein, every oncllanding.itthejoynts with the leaves up to the toppes: afterwhich come forth fmall f'eede veffels, formed fomewhat like unto thetoppe of the thigh bone of a man or bead, wherein the fmall nut or hucklebone is fet ; the upper part whereof doth firft open, when the (cede is ripe, and falleth away when it is touched, (hewing, within itfmall yellow f’eede: theroote fpreadeth much, and with many branches under grouud, qnickely thereby polTefling a large circuite or compafle. There is a Idler fort hereof found in the like places as the former, differing onely in the Imallneffeof the plant. 4. Cjratioh latifolia jive nojlras minor. The leffer broad leafed hedge By (Tope. There is alfo another fmall hcerbe growing in our Land onely, for ought lean either heare orleame which Gerard firft found and called Gratiola latifolia, as referring irthercunto, audio doe \ alfo, yet more forthere- femblance of the flower unto the latt (which was not knowne to him, or at leaft not mentioned by liim) and bit¬ terneffe, than any thing clfe : Out of the wet boggie ground from among the grade &c. that groweth about it, lpringethup one or more fmall llaikes, fcarfehalfea footc high, round butcrefted as it were all the length, which fpread forth other fmaller branches; whereon doe grow many fmall leaves,lc-r by couples one againlt ano¬ ther, being fomewhat broade, but very fhort withal!, feeming almoft round, and ending in a point, a lirtle den¬ ted about the edges : at the joynts with the leaves come forth the flowers, every one by itlelfe, on a fmall foote ftalke, being in forme fomewhat like the lad, a gaping flower but fliorter, ofa pale reddilh colour, fpotted in the middleof the lower leafe, with many Imall white fpots: after the flowers are fallen coinein their places fmall l’cede veffels, in fhape fomewhatlike unto the nut ofa croffebow; wherein is conteincd fmall yellowifh. feeder the rootc is fmall long and white, fpreading it felfe under ground diverfe wayes; which perifheth not in the winter, neither runneth like the laft, but fpreadeth new branches every yea re : the tafle hereof is as extreamc hitter as the laft. The Place. They doe all naturally grow in moyft and marrifh grounds, wherein they will joy beft,if you will have them to livc.I he iirft naturally groweth in many places in Italy and withoutSaint fuJHnes gate at Padda plentifully,and is onely cherifhed in gardens with us. The fecond hath beene found naturally growing in fome places of our owne Land; but the third in many and fundry placesof this Country, in wet low grounds and by waters (ides: and the laff upon Hampficede heath in the wet boggie pla¬ ces, and in fundry other pa, res of the heath. The 7 ime. They all flower in Iune and July, the firft feldomegiveth good ieede in our land; all the other doe ripen their icede qnickely after their flowers arc paft. The Names. None of thefe hearbesare mentioned by any of the an¬ cient Cflreekeor I.atine writers, nor olFlinye, The (iritis generally now adayes, as it was formerly called Gratiola by Matthiolus, Gifner, Dodonans, Lobel, Lugdunerifis, and others: it is alfo called by fome gratia Dei, after the high Dutch name lotts gnad, which fignifieth fo much; yet foinc c^Ilit Gratia T)ei altera, becaufe there is another herbe among the Gerania fo called : Angui&arti thought it might be the Papnvcr fpumeum of'Diofcorides: the feede hereof is called ashee faith Gilbenech. Cordus calleth it Limneftum five Centauroides y becaufe diverfe for the bit— ternelfe fake thereof, did thinke it a fpecies of Cent annum minus : he alfo calleth it Eupatorium ATefues, for fo it was generally thought to be, in all the upper and lower Ger~ manie for along time, and among fome of our Apotheca¬ ries alfoin times pafttwhich opinion I thinke is worne out, time bringing the truth to light. Gefner calleth it Gratioht five CentauriMm aquaticum, and thinketh it may be the P alemonium pain fire amaritm of Hippocrates (the horfe- 3: Crjtio'a c&ulta five latifoliamajor. The greater broade leafed or blew Sowed hcdgeByflbpc, V i leech; 221 ^2-2 Chap. 18. Tbeatmn c Botanicnm. Tribe?. leech, not the famous khyfitionjand Fabitts Colnmna that faith it is uf'ually called Gratiola, yet faith it is thought of fome more truly to be taken, for a common Hyfope ; gefner ufed to call it S efamoides-. Tauhinus in his Tinax calleth it gratiola Ccntauroides : we call it in Englifh Hedge Hyfope for diflinffion fake,and not for that it grow- cth by any hedge fide; for it might more properly bee called Marfhe Hyfope, from thenaturall place ofthe growing. The fecond is called by Camcrarius'Hjfopoides,( as if you (hould fay a fmall Hyfope) and fo it is called in Italy. Gefner in Collcttione fiirpiam calleth it Gratiola minor,Cordm in his vvoode of obfervations, nanieth an her be to be called with them in Germany grafts polcy, with the leaves of knot grafie, growing in moorifh places, which doth fitly anfwer unto this plant; and therefore Barkans in his Vimx doth fo refcrre it ; but entitu- leth it there himfelfe Hyftopifilia, becaule his brother IolmBanhinm, had fo called it formerly; when asin his Adatthioliss he calleth it Gratiola minor, it is called alfo as he faith by fome at Montpelier, where it groweth in the brookes there Amoallis aejuatica, and inHaffiaas hee faith alio, fome called it Halimns ayttaticus. The third is called as 1 fayd' before by Lobell and Pena Lyftmachiagalericttlata, from fome refemblance of the leaves, and naturall place of growing,but becaufe none of the reft of the Lypntachia: have hooded flowers, but confining office leaves laid open,I think it fitter to joyne it withthefe then with thok,Camerarms calleth it Lyftmachia jlore cartslco oalerictslata Lobe Hi -Joannes T halites in his Harcynia fylva , calleth it Sideritis ctrulea, and faith it was acl- led alfo'by divers, Gratiolacamlea.Cafa/pims calleth it Gratia Dei. Tabermontamts Tertianaria, m d Dodontits in his French Edition Herba Ittdaica altera. With us it is generally called, as well Lyftmachia galericttlata, as Gra- tio/a/at,folia, but more properly as I faydin my judgment Gratiola, both for that this isextreamc bitter as they are,and hath hooded flowers as all the others have.yet 1 have added thereunto major becaufe of the next,in Eng- lifli’the greater broad leafed,or blew flowred Hedge Hyfope. The lafl is called by Gerard as I fayd Gratwlalati- foha, tv hereunto I have added noflras minor, becaufe if the lalt or this be to be referred unto the Gratiola, this is the Idler,which may (land untill a fitter be found out:The Arabians as is before fayd,call the feeds Gelbenecb, the Li¬ lians the hethe gratia Dei and Stancaca vallo, the French gracede Diets, the Germans Gottesonad, theDntchgodtt gratis, and we in Englifh,Hedge Hyfope. The VertHes, The firfl hedge-Hvfopworketh very flrongly and churlifhly, both upward and downeward, avoiding much tougrh and grolTeflegme droller and watery humors, thereby giving eale to thofe,that are troubled with watery humors, paines in the joynts and the hips, the drop(ie,the gout and f ciatica; if either the decoction ofthe greene herbebe given,or a fmallquantitie oftbe pouderof the dried herberit helpethalfo both tertian & quartaineagues taken in the fame manner, but becaufe it is fo churlifh, it is needefull to put thereto fome correctors, as Annifeede Cinamon or the like : Some alfo give the powder in broth the Idle to offend. Camcrariits commendeth the ex¬ tract hereof, made into pilles with the powder of Cinamon, not onely to be availeable againft the dropfie, but a- gainft all forts of tertian and day agues, if fome ofthe Juyce of Calaminthe added unto it: it is profitably given for the obltruCtions ofthe liver and fpleene, by opening and purging the peccant humors: itkilleth the wormes in the belly, and prevaileth much againft all putrefactions, either inward or outward, forthepouder, infufion or decoCtion, clenfeth and healeth wonderfully all old and foule ulcers.and confolidateth frefh wounds. The fe¬ cond is not applied to any dileafe by any Author or other, that ever 1 could learne. The other two likewife are not remembred by any, whereunto they might be availeable; yet their bitterndle comming fo neare unto the firfl Gratiola, iuduceth me to thinke, that they cannot but be effeCluall, if not to purge by the bitternefle, yettocon- folidate andheale by the temperate heate is joyned with them : the Italian name declareth the true experience they have found in it, that horfes will become lancke and leane that feede thereon. Chap. XXVIII. Staphis agria. Stavefacre or Loufewort. B grC Tavefacrerifethup withafliort, but flrong blackifh greene flalke,.branching forth divers wayes, 5^1 whereon doe grow great large leaves,cut at the edges into five or (even divifions, fomevvhat like gffL. unto the leave, ofthe great yellow Aconite or Wolfesbane. but deeper edged, and ofa lad ordarke greene colour, every one Handing upon a long foote flalke, the flowers grow at the toppes of the branches one aboue another, upon foort Ilalkes, being fomewhat like a Larkes fpjirre flower, for k hath a fpurre or heele behind it,ofa very deepe ordarke blew colour, but much larger: after which come in their places three or foure horned feede veffells, like unto the Aconites but greater, wherein are contained triangled rorwh "teat feede: the roote is long and wooddy, perilhing every ycare, after it hath borne feede, 5 = The Place. It is onely nourfed up in our gardens, and that very hardly, for if it be not well defended, it will not abide a i Winter with us • for it never rifeth to flower or feede the firfl yeare itisfowen, but in the hotter countries of I Italy as Naples !md in Hria and Sclavonic,mi other places it groweth in the open champion grounds. The Time. It flowreth not with us untill it be late in the yeare, notwithstanding it hath abidden a Winter, andnever giveth perfect feede. The Names. 3 It is called inGrceke on.pisd.yeU, Galen hath it a upisd^eialbvit at this day the naturall Grcekescall it ftepyjmyjsr, but more properly jSia "*" that is granttm pediculariam-, in Latine Staphis agria, in the Apothecaries fhoppes beyond fea Staphtsfaria, and Pedicitlitru, and Pedttncstlaris, and Pituitaria ftc ditto, a •viribm e/uas habet pedicu¬ lar enecando, eft-fervors pituitam edstcendo, and thereupon ftordus on Diofcorides calleth it Ptbirocottonon. Pliny i feemeth to call it pvaTaminia in his ad. Bookeand 13. Chapter, but in his 13. Booke and firfl: Chapter, hee. faiththat Aft aphis aqrta or Staphis, is corruptedly called VvaTaminia. The feede thereof is fo called alfo, ; beiiw onely in ufe, arid to be had in fhoppes. The Arabians call it Albertis Habebras, Muthtsuagi, CSPibbczegi,. the Italians Staph,tfaria, the Spaniards Fabaran Taparraa. yerva pionta is pioyheyra, the French Eflaphifagria Fstmlleitfezndherbe assx poviletsx or poviknx, the Germans Biftmints, the'Dutch luyfcruidt, and we in Englifh Stavefacre and Loufewort. rrL ~ The Vertues, A few of the feed bruifed and [trained into poffct drinke, and drunke,worketh very ftrongly upon the ftomacke, bringing forth abundance of flimic grofle flegme, but there had ncede of great caution to bcufed, of whofoever fhall cake it, for in that it hea- teth extreamely, and bringeth danger of ftrangling by the vio¬ lence thereof; it is not ufed but by ignorant or defperate Surgi- ons. or countrieleeches, without fuch correction and things as may mittigate the force thereof that thereby it may donoharme* which being fo ordered, it is then ufed to be given to thofe that are troubled with itch, fcabbes, the leprie, or foule fcurfe,as well inwardly,as to wafh the places outwardly with the docodion of the feede,which helpeth much, as alfo to kill lice and vermine, growing in thehcads or bodies of any, or the feeds mixed with oyle and axnngia ,and anointed on the places. Some ufe to makei an Eleduary of them, by boyling them in water, with fome few corredors, unto which liquor being ftrained, fo much Sugar is put, as may be (uffleient to make it up with the powder of A- nifeede and Cinamon into an Eleduarie, whereof a dragme is a iuffleient proportion at a time, and is profitable for the difeafes aforefaid, as alfo to procure womens monethly courfes: it is al¬ fo good to wafh foule ulcers in the mouth or throate; but if the dccodion be too ftrong, you may alay it with fome vinegar, and a little honey mixed therewith and fo ufe it ; the feeds bruifed and boyled in vinegar is good to helpe the toothach, ifthe teeth and gummes be wafhed therewith, for it draweth downe abun¬ dance of rheume, which peradventure was the caufc thereof, being bruifed alfo with a little pelletory of Spdine^ox without it, and put into a fine linnen cloth and chewed where the teeth paine you moft, doth the like, and often eafeth and fometimes taketh away the paine. Some fay that if the flowers be chewed in the mouth,and fome of them laid upon the hurt place,of any flung or bitten by any ferpent, they will healethem : the feede beaten and mingled with meaie, and ofit felfe fo laid, or made up into a pafte with fome hony, will kill Mife and Rates, and fuch like vermine that doe eate it. Chap. XXIX. Ettphorbium ; The burning thornie plant called Euforbium & 4>neuphorbium, The remedy for the Enforbium, or the burning thorny plant, S the moft extreme of all violent purging plants, 1 brine this to your confideration, not having any to exceede it in the qualitie of hcate or violence ; and thereunto as many other Authors before me have done, Ijoynethat other cooling herbe, which is accounted the onely helpe and remedy a- gainft the fierie heatc thereof. . ' ___ I. Euphorbium. The burning thornie plant called Euforbiur/i. This ttrange thornie plant, from a leafe thruft into the ground, will fooote forth rootes, and'growto have divers thicke and long leaves, round alfo and not flat, halfc a. yard in length, fet with divers great ribbes, which are armed all the,length of them, withadouole rowoffmall fharpe thornes or prickes, two for the moft part fee together, like unto the middle bone of a fiiTi, &c. what fruit or flower it beareth we have not learned of any that hath feenc it growing in Barbery, from whence it hath becne brought,both into our countrie and into others: the rootes are great thicke and long,fpreading very much, but impatient to endure any cold, as the leaves are alfo: there ifiueth out of the leaves, as fome fay, or out of the rootes as others fay, a pale yellowifo gumme, in fmall droppesor peeces, moft violent fierce even to fmellunto, but being tailed doth burne the mouth and throate not to be endured, the duft alfo and fuming vapours that arifc from it when it is fiirred, but much more when it is beaten to powder, doe io fiercely penetrate into the head and mouth, but efpecially the noftrills, that it procu¬ re* frequent and ftrong neeling, often times even unto delacrymation ; and if any fhall touch their face, or any other part of the skmne that is tender, with their hands after they have handled it -, it will burne and enflame it fo terribly that oftentimes it will raife blifters and wheales, the furie whereof will not be allaid fcarfe in halfe a day after, although cold water or any other cold thing be applied to mitigate the ftrength thereof, and therefore in the fame naturall places groweth with it as the chiefe and onely remedy thereof, the 2 . Antettpborbium . The remedy for Sttforbittm, The Anteuphorblum hath divers fat thicke greene ftalkes, with many thicke and long leaves thereon fome- \vhat like unto the leaves of Purflane, but much bigger, both (hikes and leaves being full of a cold and fiimic motftnrc, moft fit and apt to temper the heate of the former; we have likewife no further underftanding of ei¬ ther flower or feede that it beareth: the rootes are great and thicke, from whence fooote forth many long and great ftnngs and fmall fibres, but as quickly fub/eft to the cold as the former, and perifheth upon thefirft cold blalt that commeth upon it. The tp' ,7te U'-"!!' • - ,|s m Rnrh fhcfc plants have beene brou-ht out ot Barbery as I (aid from many places there, as alfo other lies there aborut and he^theyhave thrived vC’ell all the heate of the yeare, but as 1 ardw.ll endure no manner of cold, and therefore without extraordinary care and kecpmgnotto be kept in our land. The time of the well thrivingis formerly expTeffedX it never bote flower with us, or with any that hath had it, asfarteas wecanlearne. The Names. . . .. , The Grcekc name is evoo?S hv and the Latineshave no other name than Eupkorbiumb or it,although ikj calleth ,1 a d tl eeuime £*phcrbi«M.Iub* that was father to TtohmjM firft ruled both the countries K t fa’id by '7 yThavefitff found this plant, and gave it the name after the name of Mhiftle Hk^ptot S neidw fc*™venenraSor poylonous,though violent in heate : the ^^fa. hath noother ^ame inany Author that hath written of it; onely Dod^us who 6ft gave us the figured boththefe plants, thinketh this may be lomc lpccies of Telephium or Orpine. 1 * The Vert He s. Althou°h*neither Diofcorides nor Galen, have made mention of any purging qualitie in vet as may allay the violent; heate and ^^aTl^fDeedilv tomife away^and r therefore feedes, and fuch things alfoas may make ltfltppery, the more eafi y P X P L ^ plentifull, that made into pills with hony, may tedfcdtaaU, and^hatd^quumtitiesof thefcdeorreftorsLe^o praiti u liiiiiiF head, ot any parts of the body, where haire doth ufually grow, it being fhed or not appearing p Ue j Tr IB E.2. The Theater of Plants. Chap.^o. 2 %% °7! e ofEufarbixm, recovereth their fpeccb againe that have lofl it, by^eafon of the A^oplexfe^orany'oth^r cafu^ aide : it being mixed with vinegar and applied, taketh away the markes and fcarres of wounds and al other foule (pots or blemiO.es in the outward skin: The Ar,t' Uf horbi» m is the chiefcft.if not the onely remedy anainft Che violent heate, and piercing qua me of the SxpMium, f or the / uycc thereof bein c0 ^,w and S. tempereth it fo well and fpeedily, that it never faiieth to give cafe. b y cool,n S ana lumie s Send. Chap. XXX. Sene or purging Sene , 1 • 2 - Sena A'exandrina & Jtalica, Sene of Alexandria and of Italy. Here are two forts of this purging Sene tree, differing very little betweene thcmfdves, as alfo three or gjplndby ofbafeorbaftardlorts > "ore churhfh then the other in working, asyoufhall heart by ’ I. Sena Alexandria. Sene of Alexandria. This Sene by the judgement of thofe that have written thereof groweth not above a cubite high, with den- der branches ,fc with many leave, together on ai nbbe, fometvhat like unto Licoris, being narrow and pointed, which being dryed and brought over unto us, if they bee F 3 freflijWilUmell very like unto frefla new made hay : the flowers Hand at the tops of the branches,one above another being as c JAlatthiolus faith (for wee have never feene them beare flower in England) of a yellow colour, like unto the flowers of Coleworts, that is conlifting of five leaves laid open,(but fome rather thinke, the flowers are formed like unto thole of the Spanifli Broome, or of the baftard Send called Colnt£d i 2 iS mod plants that beare cods do) with pur- veines running thorough every leafe : after which come crooked thinne huskes, fafhionfcd lomewhat like a halfe Moone : in the middle part whereof (the shinnesofthe htiskes growing fo clofe together, that they can hardly be parted) groweflatfeed very like unto grape kernels, but of a blackifli greene colour, and fomewhat flat: the whole plant perifheth(as it is fayd) every yeare,andmufl:be new fowne of them that w-ill have it. 2 . Sena ltalica. The Sene of Italy. This Sene diftereth in no other thing from the former, but in the forme of the leaves, which are not fo narrow and pointed,but broader and rounder, which difference is plainly to be difeerned, by comparing the leaves of that Sene that commeth over from Alexandria, with that which groweth in Italy, and therefore there ncedeth no more to be fayd thereof. The place. The firfl: groweth (as it is generally thought) in Arabia Falix i and in Syria fome fay, and brought to Alex¬ andria in Egypt, as many other things are, which from thence is cranfported unto all other Countries. The other Matthiolus faith, was in his time frequently fowen, in the Duke of Florence his dominions in Italy; many Acres in a field being fowne therewith, they will hardly fpring up with any leaves in our Country, for experience hath beene made thereof many times. The Time „ They flower in the Summer moneths, but in Italy as Matthiolus faith, it muff not be lowne untill tJMay ^and will not indure but unto Autumne. The Flames. Aicfnes and other Arabians call it Sem } but Hermolans Senna y it is generally held by all good Authors, that it Was not knowne to the ancient Greeke and Latine writers, Dtofcoriaes y Theophraflus,Galen^liny , c rc. or others that did tranferibe their copies, although fome would referre it to TAiofcoridcs his Delphinium , others to Pclecy -» fome to Peplium , others to Empetron J fome to Alypon , and others to the C erc or third Colutea of Theo- phrajtus , or to his firfl: Colut£a i all which are quite contrary thereunto, and can by no meanes agree unto them. The Arabians being the firfl; finders out thereof, and of the purging quality therein ; who did much ufe the huskes or cods,as wee call them :.but later experience hath found the leaves to bee of more effect with us. The Vertue. The leaves of Sene, howfoeverufed area very fafe and gentle purger, as well made into pouder, and the weight ora Trench Crowne or dramme thereof taken in W ine or Ale, or broth falling; as. the infulion of halfe an ounce in Wine or Ale for anight, or the decodion of halfe an ounce, or if need be of fix drammes, with lome other herbes or rootes (but becaufe they area little windie, a few Anifeedor Fennell feede, and a little Cunger is to be added unto them to heljae to corred that evill quality) and then they purge melancholy,chpl? £sr; I 2 z 6 Chap. 31. 'Tbeatrum‘Botamcum. Tribe?. «r, and flegmc from the head and braine, the lungs and the heart, the liver and the fpteene, clenfing allthofe parts of fuch evill humours as by poffefiing them, aretliecaufesoftholedifeales incident unto them, andcom- forting the ftomacke, efpecially it fome cordiall or ttomachicall helper be put with it: for Aleftees faith it hur- tcth the domacke, but Momrdus and Matihiolas denye thatitcandoefo, in-regard that Senehath tomewhata bitter tafle,partaking of heat and drynefle.all which qualities are knowr.e rather to firengthen the ftomack.then to trouble or weaken it; it firengtheneth the fenfes both of light and hearing, and procureth mirth by taking away that inward humour, which was the inwaidcaufe of fadneffe in the minde, opening the obdruftions of : the bowells,and caufing a frelh and lively habit in the body, prolonging youth, and keeping backe old age: Di- ■ vers things are added hereunto to quicken the working thereof, and to make it the more effetffuall as Rubarbe, , Agartcke^CalTia Filluladrawne,Syrupe of Ro(es,&c. according as the nature of the difeafe,theage,{lrength, and neceffitie of the patient doe require : Seraph faith it wonderfully helpeth fuch as are didrafted of their fenfes, by the extremitie of the fits in agues, or in other dileafes, which wee call raving orta'king idle, or filch t as are growne Ibrtifh, their braines being overdulled, or growing into a frenf'ye or madneffe by inflammations | ofthe braine, thcepilepfie alfoor the Falling fickneffe, and the headach, all forts of Palfies, which arc the refer- . lutions of the fi; ewes,the lowfle evill alfo, and all forts ofitchesfcabsind wheales orpulhes,&c.whatfoever-- : Sena likewife is an efpeciall ingredient among other things put into a bag, to make purging Beere or Ale, fitto ; be taken in the.fpring of theyeare, not onclyfor allthofe dileafes afore mentioned, but alfo to clenfe the blood li from all fliatpe humours, mixed or running therewith : Purging Prunes alfo and purging Curranes are made : herewith,by boyling Sene and fome other opening herbes and rootes, orifyeewill without them, with fome [j Annifeede,FenneIlftede,Cinamon, Ginger and Cloves, fome of thefe or all of them a little quantity, andaccor- ding to the proportion of your Prunes or Currans,being fet to flew with the decoftion of your Sene,and other |j things above fpecified,thcfe may be given to the daintieff ftomack.that is w ithout offence and without danger,to |i open the body and purge fuch humours above fpecified, as treble the body ; Andbecaufe thedccoffion of Sene,is J too unpleafant.to many weak and tender flomacks ; & even the fmell thereof doth cattle them to refttfe any potion j made therewith,the infufion thereof for a night in warme embers,and drained forth in the morning j s much Idle j offenfive,&yetnolefle purging : In that infufion while it is warme you may diffolve fome Ai darke grayifh greene barke, which fhoote forth a number of (lender pliant fquare, or cornered fmall twigges or ic branches^ like rufhes; whereon appeare fmalldarke greene leaves, three or foure fometimes fet together at a place, abiding but a fmall time, fo that it is feldome feene with leaves on it: the flowers are large, and of a gold yellow (hining colour, growing one above another for a* good fpace at the toppes of the branches, which:: turne into hard and flat fmall cods, almoft blacke when they are ripe, wherein is contained fmall and (hining ;j brownifh feede : the roote is long and woddy,yet tough withall, fpreading many wayes under the ground,never ; periflningbut'fending forth new (hootes every yeare, and more efpecially when the old ftalkes are cut and taken i away : From the rootes hereof in many places (but more often where no Broome groweth, namely by fields and i • hedge (ides and upon heathes) groweth another plant, whofe ftalke is of the bignefle of a finger or thumbe, fometimes above two foote high, having a fhew of leaves on them, and many flowers at the toppe, fomewhati like unto the flowers of Orchis, but larger and of a deadifh yellow colour, as the ftalkes and leaves are alfo: which perifheth without feede, or encreafing the roote,being fomewhat round and fealy. 4 , Genijla R IB E The Theater of Tlantes. Cha P. 2ip 2. Geniflaminor folijs Hyperici. Small of low Broome. This dift'ereth from the former chiefely in not growing fo great or high, and that the (lender branches are hickc flored with leaves like unto Saint Johns wort: the flowers, feede, &c, are like the former. 3. Gcnijlu lluenfis. Hand Broome. v..,. This Hand Broome fhooteth forth many flalkes, divided into many branches Pall of great joynts or knees, with livers fmalland narrow leaves fet round about the joynts, of a pale yellotvifh grccne colour as the ftalkes are lfo, this hath yellow flowers and feede like the common. 4. Genifla albatenmfolia. White Broome. This Broome is very like the former, but that it groweth not fo great, haying many twiggie branches; which in ime grow to wooddy ftalkes,whereon are fet many fmaller leaves then the former, fomewhat greene on the up- >erfidc, and of a gray and firming colour underneath : the flowers, are in forme like the others but (omewhac inallcr, and of a whitifh colour: the feedes and pods are alfo like the former. 5. Chitmtgemfta. Dwarfe Broome. This low or Dwarfe Broome never groweth very great or high, neither come his (lender greene pliant bran- hes to be hard or wooddy, butalwayesabidethlow, riling little more than a foote in height ■■ on whole greene jliant twigges arc fet fmail and fomewhat long leaves, of a darkegreene colour on the upperfide and gray un- lerneatb, abiding on them all,the fammer long, and at the toppes grow fmail yellow flowers, not fo yellow nor b large as the firlt, but like unto them for the forme, and fo are the pods and feede but fmaller j the roots is long, ough, and much Ipreading in the ground, and long lading. 6 . Cbamc-gcnifta. (Jretica. Dwarfe Broome of Candy, The Candy dwarfe Broome hath low fmail hoary branches lying upon the ground, not exceeding one hand in ength, yet divided into branches oftwo or three inches long,having very fmail and very narrow leaves fet there- >n, two or three growing together.one being longer than the reft, all hoary as the ftalkes are : from the joynts with the leaves come forth three or fours yellow flowers like the other. 7. Gemfia tiniloria vulgaris. Common Greeneweede or Dicrsweede. Our common Diers weede hath a number of fmail rough greene ftalkes, two foote long or thereabouts, riling rema roote very muchdifperfed underground, and wooddy; whereon grow without order many fmail long eaves of a fad greene colour, and many yellow flowers at the toppes, very like unto Broome flowers, but Idler ind fomewhat paler, after which come (mail pods lefler than Broome, and feede therein not much unlike. 8, Genii}a ttniloria Hijpartica. Spanijh <5 reeneweede. The Sp.in'Jlj Greeneweede hath more woddy ftalkes, riling much higher than the former, and bare without ■ithcrlcafe or branch for a good fpace above the ground, and then fpreadeth forth may fmail foort and brittle >ranches,ftored with many long and narrow leaves, fomewhat like unto the leaves of Flaxe or Spurge flaxe, ;reene on the upperfide, and of a gliftering white or Giver colour underneath, fomewhat harfh 2nd bitter with- ill in tafte : the flowers are many and yellow, that Hand at the toppes of the branches, like unto the former: the whole plant is very beaudfull to behold, either in flower or out of flower. Vnderthis herbe when itwasin Gw ft & vulgd w & R ipum Genifhe. Ordinary Broome, and Brocme Rape, 7. Geni,ffa tfaftoria vulgaru. Common greene weede. or Dyers weede-. NS SowSra III I The Theater of ^Plants. C —s HAP. J 2; 2 %t T RiB E 2. flower ClK/nr faith he found growing in his natural! place, fuchanothcrBroomerape,asisbcforefpecified,.a- bout a foote hi"h, (lored with many large and long gaping flowers, from the middle of the ftalke upward* both ftalke and flovvcrs being of a yellow colour, and full qfan.undluou? or oylie moifture. e ,S® 9. Genijhllammum Germmica. Bafe Broome of CJerma»ji, , ’ From a (mall and much fpreading roote under ground,(hooteth forth, divers greene weake rulhy (hikes of leaves or leafed (hikes (for the whole ftalkt.beingabout a foote long, confilleth bnely of ftnalland lomevvhac Ion" leaver, one fpringing forth from the end of another, and fome likewife comming forth from the /oynts of them) branched alfo here and there; whicli abide greene all the Winter, new commingup in the Spring.- a c the toppes of tliefe (hikes, come forth inanyyellow flowers like unto Broome.flower/, bile f'maller when they are blowen, (landing at the firft clofe together in a foft woolly head; the cups or.huskes that containe the flowers* abiding woolly afterwafds: rhe feede is fmall,endofed in fmall pods that follow. 10 GetriftelU alierapi»nata,HiJ'p‘!Miui. SpaniJhbafeBTOome. This Spmijh bafe Broome hath likwile many leafed ftalks,rifing from the roote to the height of a foot or lelfe,' branching forth in diverfe places, the whole plant as the former before, confiding ontly of leaves, but fome- whir greater and broader than the other, waved as it were a little on the edges, and each Icafe riling from the middle rib of the other, being fomewhat hard and rough in handling, thicker alfo than thaformer, and each Icafe pointed at the ends ofthem, and fomerimes ending.in two points: the flowers are fmall and of,a gold yellow- colour like the former, f jure or five (landing together at the toppes of the (hikes endofed in foft or woolly •fiuskes fomealfoof the lower leavesof theflowers, feeming downie, the pods and feede are not unlike the ci¬ ther, neither the roote, but not fo much fpreading. . 11. Pfeudo Spartum Hi/purnciim. Ballard Spamfh Broome. Becaufe this plant doth participate both with the former bafe Broomes in fome things, and with the Spanifb Broomes that follow, I have thought good to place it betweene them both, whofe defeription is as followeth. The Homme rifeth up to be two foote high or thereabouts, covered with a whitiflh barke, fpreading into many fmall branches, fome ofthem the length of oneshapdj and fome fnorter; whereon doe grow very’ fparinglya few leaves, fomewhat longflut very narrow, which doe hot abide but fall away, within a very fhort fpace after rhey are fprung, fo that the plant for the mod part is feene without leaves: on the toppe of every branch ftan- deth one foft woolly round head, like unto the former Bafe Broomes, which after openeth itfelfe into many fmall pale yellow flowers, every one [landing in a woolly huske, after which come fmall pods wherein lycvb fmall feede like the others. • 12. Spartum HifpamcumfrHttxvHlgare' Ordinary Spaniln Broome. The ordinary Spanifh Broome groweth to be five or fix foote high or more, with a. wooddy flemme below co= veredwith a darke gray or alh coloured barke,(hooting forth many pliant long and (lender greene twigs,where- . . , • “ _f cUn ..dni-a fof' mnn .1 /Vn^ll inn r-imPtlfnif InniT arPPnf* l/> 1 trpe uihiels £«1l »mn,i eiiii^l/alfs oninthe beginning of the yearc are fee many fmall and fomewhat long greene leaves, which fall away quickely 12 . Spartum bifpanicum frtttex vulgarc. ■Ordinarie Spanifli Broome. 15 . SpartwnHifpanicum minus monofpemon fiore lutes* The fmallcr Spanifli firoomc with yellow flowers. x ES# T R 1 B E.2. * 1»! P ,: $j • I Hkl it: : 14 . Spar turn bifyankum fiore albo» White howred Spanilh Broome. not abiding long thereon: towards the toppes of thefe branches grow many flowers, fafhioned like unto Broome flowers, but larger and more fpread open, of a more (Li¬ ning gold yellow colour, and Imelling very fweete, after which come fmall long cods, crefted at the backe, wherein is contained blackifh flat feede fafhioned like unto the kidney beanes: the roote is vvooddy,dilper(ing it felfc diver ie wayes underground. V 3 . Spartnm Hijpanicttm minus monofpermon (lore luteoi The fmall S pa nifti Broome with yellow flowers. This (mailer Spanilh Broome, groweth with a flemmeor flalke of the bignefle of ones thumbe at the bottome, to bee about two foote high, whofe barke is rough and ftrakedall along, fending forth many greene (lender pliant branches, which divide themfelves againe into many other fmall twiggs, whereon for a while after they are (hot forth, abide a few fmall leaves, untill they begin to fhoote out flowers, and then fall away, leaving the branches naked and without leaves, all the reft of the yeare after: from the fides and joynts of the fmaller twigges,lhoote forth fmall long ftalks, bearing many fmaller yellow flowers, than the former Spa" nifh Broome, without any fent for the moft part t After which come fmall round skinnic cods, conreining for the moft part, but one feede in every one of them, being blac¬ kifh and fafhioned fomewhat like unto the Kidney Beane, whichwhen they are ripe, will by the lhaking of the windc, make a noyfc in their pods .* the roote is hard and wood- , Spartnm Hilpamcum m tjus florealbo, The greater White flowrei Spanifh Broome. The other Spanilh Broome (in his natural! place) groweth much higher than the former, even to any mans height, whofe branches are more lithyand pliant than the other, having fmall leaves on them like the other, and as foone fa¬ ding: the flowers alfo ftand upon long llalkes, and arc like them for the forme, but larger and of a white colour, ofas imall fent as they, which afterwards turne into fmall round pods, like the former, butlmaller, each one conteining but one feede for the mod part, and fmaller alfo. 15. chamafjtartttm montanum triphyllum. Dwarfc Broome of Naples. This fmall Broome hath wooddy llalkes from whence fhoote forth rulhlike branches fit at dillances with three fmall whicifh hairy leaves as fmall as thofe of Sothernwood, at the toppes whereof Hand yellow flowers and hoary hairy huskes fucceeding. The P face. The firil groweth plentifully in many places ofour owne Country, as well as in Spume, Italy, Frame, and Ger- manyiThe iecond is found in fome places about Mompehcrm France,and Fnburgin Germany. The third groweth in the Hand of the Turrhene Sea called llva: the fourth in fome places of Spaine only-.thefik is found in many pla¬ ces of our own Land:thelixt groweth in Candy, as Alpinm faith, and Bauhinus faith he had it out of the garden of the Noble Conttircmu at fWomtheleaventh groweth in many untilled or unmamired grounds ofour land,as alfo by the hedges, and way fides, and in fome meddowes alfo plentifully, where they keepe it for the profitis made thereof,even as ofBroome: the eight Clnfiui faith he found in no other place, than onely in the kingdomeof Murcia in Spaine, and there alfo he law the Broome rape, growing from the roote thereof. The ninth groweth inmany dry unmanured fiieepe pailurcs, in Natbont ofFrame, as Pena and Label fay : the tenth Clttjius faith, he onely found in fome rough dry grounds in the Kingdomeof Valentin: the eleventh was found in Spain', neere unto a place called Aquas b lancas, as TauhinM from Dodtor si Minus faith : the twelth in many places of France , Spaine , and Italy ■ the thirteenth is common as faith, in the dry fandy grounds, of both the con- tries of Caji He : the fonreteenth he faith he onely found in the Ifland of gadesox Cales: thelafl Columna faith he found on the hils in Naples. The Time. All thefe flower fome earlyer or later in the fommer moneths, and give their feede ripe before winter, but the Spatujb kindes are for the moil part the fared that perfeft their feede. The Names, Genifi a or as fome write it Cenelia,agenuumflexilitate g 5 - ad nexus utili, hand dubie nominatur, ml pot ins quia ge. mbus medeatur dolentibus •, and therefore diverfe in former times did take Spartium Diofcordis, to be the Gemfla latinornm,md even Plinye alio in lus time wasdoubtfull whether ic were not fo,for Spartium as Diofierides faith nine ah ufum inalligandjsvitibusprebeant, and therefore the controverfie among diverfe writers, endured untill Ruelliu, his time, who refuted the opinions of Hermolarss and Marcellas, that tooke them to bee both one, but Pena and Label fincc them'in their Adverfaria, call {the Genista Scoparia (which is our common Broome) Sparnum, as if there were no difference, when as yet they appoint the Spartium , or Spartnm Hi/panicum & Nar- ionenle, to be the true Spartium of ‘Diofcorides ,which many call alfo genijla Hijpanica, Italica and African* Many likewifemiflooke the Spartnm Iuncus, which is akindeof Rufli, wherewith in Spaine they make frailesor baskets, to put Rayfins, Figges, and other things in, to be the Spanumfrutex, deceived by the name onely, with¬ out Tribe Z. The Theater ofTLutes, Ck"ap.^z'. %%% out further examining the matter. But now in thefe dayes, it is evidently knowne to airtharareronverfantiir*""^ Herbarifme, that Spartum or S partium as fome write it, is one plant by it lelfe, and Genifta another although the one be fomewhat like the other; and that Spartum fiutex is differing from the other Spamm called Ium » . the fird here fet downe is generally by all writers called either Genifta vulgaris or Gemfla angulofa,ot scoparia vulgi. Lomcerm onely calleth it Genifta miner feu non aculeata, and (fle-falpmis Genifta quadrate junco prima ■ tho Rapum genifta of all forts (I meane both of this Broome, and of the other Dyers weede and of the hedge fides” &c.) are called of Cluflus Hamoderon, according to Theophraftw lib. 8. c. 8. or Leimoderon as other- have it and of mod Orobanche, although according to Theophraft us there is another Orobanche that rifeth up among "the Er- ■vim or Orobus, and drangleth it as Tares doe Wheate, whereof came the name : the fccond is called by Lujiu- nenfls Genifia minima, and by Bauhinus Gemfla ramofa foliit Hyperici • the third is alfo called by Lugdunenfl Genifta IJuenpt ; the fourth i.s by Tabermontanus called Gemfla alba, and by gerard after him Gemfla tenuijfe/ta. Thehft is the fame that Cluflus calleth (fhamagenifla Tannonica pa. and gerard fhamager.ifla Anglica, howfoever the fi4 guresof them feeme diverfe: it is likely alfo to be the Cjemftx miner-a fpecies of Tbaiut, and of fome is t'-r- ined Chamafpartium: the (ixt is not onely remembred by Bauhinus inhisProdomtss & Pinafl , by the fame name in the title, but called alfo Spartium Creticum, by Alpinmw lib, de plamfs exoticis. The ieaventh is generally called Cjenifla tinBoria or infeBoria, and Geniflella tinBoria. Flos tinBorius of Uruhfe/jiut and flos tinBorius of FucbiJus,Lonicerus mdCaflor c Durantes- ) Tragus tooke itto be Ferula,& Leonicerus Lyfimachia, Anquiliaia and Cafalpinus Corneola, Cordite calleth it Chameleuce, and Bauhinus Gemfla tinBoria Germanica, in F.ryffh Greene- weede,or Dyers weede.bccaufe the Dyers doe dye a yellowilh greene colour with the leaves and ffalkes hereof, and therefore provide thereof good (fore. The eight is called by C ,H fw genifta tinBona Hilfanica, of Lobel geniflella infeBoria. Lugdunenfls thinketh it may be the Oricella of Thevet; forhe rske it to be the Lutea herba that Plinye mentioned! in lib. 3 3 ,c. 3 .but therein they arc much deceived, as I thall (he w you when I come to fpeak of that hearb, Bauhinus calleth it Gemfla tinBoria flutefeens foliit means, The ninth is called by many Chamlgenifta ■$ fagittalis, by Camerarius ChamsgemflafagittalisPamonica,by Cluflus Chamtgenifla a!tera,of Pena&Lobcl Geniflella gramineamontanafiefner in bonis Germanic,calltth it Genifta minima, & Cordus Gemfla angulofa.Traeus, Lonicer us j Lugdunenfis,ScTabermontarus call it Chamcjpartium. The tenth is called by (luflits Chamcgcnifia peregrina,Stfodotli Lugdunenfls. Label calleth it Geniflella pinnataaliera Hifpanica. Camerctriut Geniftapumila.Dodoncm Genifta humi~ lit.Tabermontanus Chamcfpartium tertium, and 'Bauhinus fhamegemfta cau/efohato.yhe eleventh is called by Bau- hinus in Prodrome Genifta Hifpanica ajpnis, and in his Pinax Spartoprime afflnis but becaute it doth participate both with Spartum in fome things,and Geniflella montana in othcrs,as! have fhewed in the defcription;I thought good to place it betweene them both, and call it F fendo Spartum Hifpanicnm, in Englijb badard Spanifh Broome. The twelfth is called Spartum Hifpanicnm, and Gemfla Hifpanica, Spartum (jrecornm, and Spartum frutex The thirteenth is called by Cluflus Spartum 2 Hifpamcum, by Lobel Spartium Hifpanicnm altmtmflore luteo, by T)odo¬ rs us, Spartum frutex may,is and by 'Bauhinus Spartium alterum monofpermon femine reni fimili. The fourteenth is called by Clrfius Spartum Hifpanicnm tertium, by Lobel Spartium 1 ftore albo, by ‘Dcdom us Spartum frutex m rus, and by B outturns Spartium tertium flare albo. The lad is called by Columna Spartum eAdquicolorumm n mummon- tannm triphyllum. The Italians call Spartum Spartio, and Genifta Geniftra, the Spamardi the ore Spartio and the other Gemfrca Giefiazud Qeifleira : the f rench Genefie and Genefle de EfpaigUe, the Germar.es call Spartum rfrimmen, and Genifta Ginfl-, the Dutch Brem and Spanifche Brem, and fo we in Englifh Broome and Spanifh Broome. The Virtues, Our ordinary Broome doth much offend the flomacke and heart, if Annifeedes, or Vennell feedes, or Rofcs, or Madicke be not given with it,being taken inwardly: the juyee or decoftion of the young branches, as alfo of the feede, or the powder of the (eede taken in drinke, purgeth downewards, and draweth from the Joynts, fleg- tnaticke and watery humors, whereby it helpeth thole that are troubled with the dropfie, the goute, the fciktica, and the paines in the hippes and joynts : it provoketh drong vomits alfo,and helpeth the paines of the Tides, and fwellings ofthefplcene, clenleth alfo the reines, kidnies, and bladder of the done engendred therein, andhin- dreth the matter from encreafing, or growing to be a done therein againe, and provoketh urine aboundantly : the continuall ufe of the powder of the leaves and feede, doth cure the blacke laundife: the young buds of the flowers are gathered, and kept in brine and Vinegar to be eaten all the yeare after, as a fallet of much delight, and are called Broome Capers, which doe helpe ro dirre up an appetite to meate, that is weal e or dejefted, hel- ; peth alio theol druftionsof the fpleerre, and to provoke urine that is bopped, opening and denting the uritory parts, by the ufe of them very effedhially : 1 he diddled water of the flowers is profitable for all the famepurpo~ 1 fes, it helpeth alfo furfets,and altereth alfo the fits ofagues, if 3 or 4 ounces thereof, with as much of the water ofthe Iefler Ccntory, and a little Sugar be put therein, and taken a little before the accede of the fit, firfl being layd downe to fweate in their bed : theoyle or water that is drawnefrom the ends of the greene ltickes heated in the fire helpeth the tooth-ach : There is a lye made of the afhesof Broome, which by art may be made as clcere as Claret wine, which Camerarius commen deth to be profitable for thofe that have the Droplie. The juyee of the young branches made into an oyntment with old Axungia, that is Hogges greafe, and anointed :or the young branches bruifed, and heated in oyle or Axungia, and laydtothefides that are pained, either by the wind as in ditches and the like, or in the fplcene, eafeth them in onceortwife ufing it: the fame alfo boyled in oyle, isthefafed andfured medicine to kill lice, and other vermine growing in the head or body, of any: the fame al- fois an efpeciall remedy for joynt aches, and fwollen knees, that come by the falling downe of humors upon a cantufion or punedure; The Broome Rape, is commended by fome to be as good a fallet as Afparagus, taken when they are young, and eaten either raw or boyled, but it is much morebitter: If Kine feede thereon itma- : keth them fooner delire the bull, and therefore in Spaine they call it yervatora the decoidion thereof in wine is | thought to bee as cffeftuall in helping to avoyd the done in the Kidneyes and bladder, and to provoke mine as the Broome it felfe: the juyee thereof is accounred a Angular good helpe to cure as well greene wounds as old, and filthy fores, and malignant Vlcers: the infolate oyle, wherein there havebeene three or foure repeti¬ tions of infufion, of the toppe flalkes with flowers drayned and cleered, clenfeth the skinne of all manner of fpots rearkes and freckles that rife by the heate ofthe funne, or the malignity of humors; All the other forts of ieffer X s Broome" I zty Chap.^. Tbeatnim'Botanicum. Tribe 2 . Broome, have the like qualities, and may be conducible for the fame difeafes, but every one in his owne proper i exiftence, fome being weaker or ftrongcr than other. The Spamjb Broome over and above the lame properties, as alfo to purge downewards and to provoke vomits, efpecially thefeede taken to thequantitieof a drammein i mead or honied water, purgeth by vomit as Hellebor doth, without trouble or danger; the flowers thereof boyled in meade and drunke, or the pouder of them taken in a reare egge, or the juyee of the young branches drunke fading doe cure the Kings evill and the hippe goute, and an oxunell made of them and the feed, often ufed,breaketh and healeth all impoftumes of the Spleene, by caufing the corrupt matter to void it felfc upwards i often, and drawerh alfo flegme and raw humors from the j'oynts. Chap. XXXIII. Cajpa folutiva, Purging Cajfia, N former times there was onelyone fort of purging Cafsia knowne, but there hath beenefince brou°ht to ouf knowledge an other, whereof 1 meane to give you the relation in this place. , cafsia folutiva vulvar™. The t,„rcrino Cafsia. s to be a wonderfull oreat tree, ipreadmg DOtn in ncignt ana orcaatn very much, but mo^rama, Egypt and Italj much ! fle'ver prowtn" to be a tree of a large fize or bignejfe, whofe wood is folid and firme, yellowifh towards he fanne or outfide, and blackifhlik e Lignum vita at the heart, covered with a fmooth foft and afli coloured h rke verv like unto the Wallnut tree : the branches are not very great,and but thinly ftored with winged leaves, r nliflinv of eisht or tenne leaves, for the moft part five (landing on each fide of the llalke, without any odde one t tl e end each whereof is larger and longer pointed than the leaves of the Carob or fweete Beane tree, that l i|L,, t h’in the next Chapter to be deferibed : the flowers ate yellow and large, many growing together ona 1 °(lalke and hanging downe fomewhat like as the Laburnum or Beane Trcfolie doth, confiding of foure ,° n? for the moft part or fometimes of five leaves, with many greenifti threads inthemiddlc, handing about fmallloup crooked umbone or home, of a very fweete fent, efpecially in the morning, before thcSunnc n ' (Minnnthem but grow weaker in fmell, as the Sunne groweth hotter upon them: the fmall home in the mine t po > ° th to be the pod, which while it is young is greene, but in time commeth to be of a darkenutDlceolourJ and being fuffered to grow longer, or taken at the time and kept turneblache, being ofdi- i f for length and greatnefte, fome being fmaller and fome greater, fomeafoote, orafooteana a vers lize [ on g with a hard round wooddy wrinkled (hell,not very thicke or very hard to breake, with naite,or tw or a u t he length thereof at the backe, eminent to be feene and with another fmall one a~ Tt upon the other fide, which caufeth ittobceafily broken intotvvo parts by the middle long wayes, and Tin ordinary purging Cajfuk Cajfia Brafiliana. The great Cajfia of BrafiB. H ! Tribe 2. The Theater of Tlants. Cm p.^i 7.35 diCHn<’nifhcd inwardly into many skinny wood-like partitions: on Both tides of which partitions grow a fofr black? fubftance like unto hony and very fweete; which is that part onely that is to be ufed,and no part thereof elfe betide : betweene thefe cells or partitions lie round and flat griftly feed, ofadarke brownifh colour, very like unto the feede of the Carob tree: the rootes are great, and grow deepe in the gronnd : the choife oF the bell: cods or canes, is that they be moift within, and that the feeds doe not rattle when they are fliaken, 2. Cajsiafolutiva Erafi’iana. Purging Cajiia of BrafisHl. Thereis another fort of C a f s i a ‘ that hath beene brought from Brajsi/I, which differethnot much from the former, either in the forme of the tree or fruite ; for the tree it felfe gro weth ( as by relation it is affirmed) great, and hath filch like winged leaves as the former hath : the fruit onely or chicfely differeth from the other it) this, that it is about two foote long, (efpecially fuch as we have feene) and more than two inches broadband about an inch and a halfe thickejwhofe barke or outward rinde is much harder, thicker, browner andflatter than the other but with great wrinkles or furrowes eroding it, as the other hath; the feames likewife at the backe, and againflTit are greater and more eminent, and the feede lying in the cells, larger and flatter alfo, thepulpe ot blacke fubftance lying upon the wooddy skinnes, is as fweete as the other, but of more force in working by the one halfe at the leaft. The Place. Ths firft nroweth plentifully in Egypt, but yet not naturally, for it is onely in their orchards where it hath beene planted : for it is generally held to be firft brought thither,and to Arabia alfo, from Syria and o Armenia, and they from the Eaft Indies : it groweth alfo ill the Weft Indies , firft planted by the Spaniards in HijpamoU in fo great abundance, that from thence the moftftore that is fpent in Europe is brought: The other groweth in "Braffill^ from whence it was brought into thefe parts. The Time. The firft flourifheth chiefely in June, and the fruite hanging upon the tree aihheytare, are gathered milch a- bout the time of the flowring : for the tree holding his greenc leafe all the W inter, hath ufully both blolfomes and greene fruite, and ripe all as it were at Onetime. The other hath not beene hitherto further deicribedot knowne. The Thames, Cafia or CaJJia is a word of divers fignifications, for it is either the Aroma of the ancients, TheophraftiuJBwff corides, ,&c.like unto Cinamon called CaJJia lignea in the Apothecaries fhoppes, or this CaJJia filhtla, or elfe a flirubbe called CaJJia poetica or CAtonfpeliaca, but it is very likely that this tree, nor his fruite was knowne tq any of the antient Greeke W riters, unlelfe as Cordu: faith it might be the Fab a Indie a of Ariftobulus and fome o» titers; but the later Greeke Authors, as Attuariw, and others fince his time, called it vift^l^vn^CaJp* nigra, from the Arabians, who firft brought in the ufc thereof, and called it CaJJia fiftula : and becaufe it was noj knowen where elfe it did grow then in Egypt, it.was calledby many Siliyua Egyptia, and is thought by divers that it may be the Stliyua called Funs Egyptiaby Theophrafhu in his firft Booke and tS, Chapter : and of others Coffin Jolutiva : the tifnall name is C ajfta fiftula in all Apothecaries fhoppes • but why the name of CaJJia fhould be given to this treee or his fruite, is not eafie to knbw or learne: Tena and Lobell in their Adverfaria thinke it mightcomcfromtheGreeke wordkis*! ynodcoriateam vacant, becaufe the cods or canes are like leather ; but I verily beleeve the Arabian: (and it may be thofc from whom the Arabians had it) called it Caffia in regard of the fweeteneffe ofthe flowers.likeunto theCaf.ia aromdtica or odor at a ; and Solomon in the 4. Chapter and 14.) verfeof the Canticles, maketh mention of this C ajffa tree, as I take it, for in the LatineTranflation ofSaint/r~ rome-, I find it i s fiftula, which the Tranflators make to be Qalamm in Englifh : And it is not improbable that the true CaJJia aromatic.1, or odorata, was called Fiftula, becaufe the peeces of the barke were rowlcd together, and hollow like a pipe, even as Cinamon (which is congener if not idem) is, which in fome countries is called Ca- nella ; and I finde that the people both in Italy and in Spains,dot call the Coffin aromatica by the name of C anella, yet to this day, either from the forme of Cinamon, which is like unto a pipe, or from C anna, a reede or Cane, as I thinke rather, and the diminitive thereof,is C anella a ftnall Cane reede. They are much deceived that thinke the barke of the pipes or fruite oftbis Caffia fiftula, is of any more force than a dry chippe, to procure womens courfes,&c. asfometn former times did,'for the error is grofie: The other is called by Lobel Caffia filiyua Brafi- lianapurgatrix comprtjfa^ho firft gave us the knowledge thereof in his Phamacopaa Rondclctiaa, The Virtues, The inner blacke fubftance or ptilpe, elenfed from the (hells, feeds, and skins that grow together with them, i is the onely tnedecinall part that is ufed, taken by it felfe inialls, orbits, of in potionsor drinkes, and is very effetftuallto purge thereines, kidneyes and bladder, for it tempereth thebeate ofthem, cleanfeth the humors ! that lie therein, both by urine and the ftoole, and thereby giveth much eafe to thofe that are troubled with the (lone, if they ule it often: taken with Rubarbeand a few Annifeedand Licoris to correft the windineffe thereof, . it is an efpeci.tll good medecine in gonorrhea toclenfethe reines,- that other helpes may be the more available j afterwards, as alfo toclenfethe liver, the ftomach and mefentery veines, from choller and flegtne, cleareth the blond and quencheth the heart thereof, and is therefore profitable in all hot agues: in is very cffeftuall, agalnft all 1 Rheumesand fharpe diftillations, and againftchollericke and melancholikedifeafes: it is often ufed in all the kindesof pefforall difeafes, as old coughcs. fhortneffe of breath, wheelings, and the like, if it betaken with Agaricke as fome advife: it is not fo convenient for thofe that have moift.wcake and flippery bowells, unlefle it be given with Mirobalans, Rttbarbe, Spicknard, or Mafticke : elfe it may be fafely given to all forts of people, ! ages and conditions, and to prevent the danger of fitch lubricitie, divers doe ufe to give it,with Ilora picra ■ The ! young cods taken while they are fmall and greene, boyled a little and then laid in the fhadovfi a while to dric. and after boyled in Suger or Hony, doth purge the body, as the pulpe or blacke fubftaneb, and is a delicate mede¬ cine fit for tender and weakeftomackes, that abhorre all manner of Phificke ; and her: of theufuall quantitie is three or foure ounces to be taken at a time for elder perfons. and one ounce for the younger : the ufe of CaJJia outwardly either in ointments or plaifters, is much commended of many for all hot pimples, and other ertipti- i 011s in the skinne, and alfo to eafe the paines of the gout and hot inflammations, and paines in the joynts. The 'll 27,6 Chap. 34.. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tr I BE Z. other fort of Cajfia is more effeftuall in purging, for it hath beene tryed by experience, that one ounce hereof is as forcible as two buncts of the other, and is effeftuall to all the difeafes aforefayd. Chap. XXXIIII. Silicjua dulcisfive Qeratonia, The fvveete Beane or Carob tree. JF this kind of fweete Beane or Carob tree,there hath beene one other alfo lately found out,and made knovvnerothe world by Ponat for the ordinary fort, being well knowne to mod, eipecially in Spaine and half, and other the hotter Countries of the Eaft, is remembi ed by the ancients. 1. Stlujna duUit five vulgatior. The ordinary fweete Beane or Carob tree. The Carobeot fweete Beane tree that hath beene oflongeft knowledge to all, groweth in the hot Countries,as Spainemd half, to be a very great tree covered with an alh coloured barke, lpreading very much in breadth with very faire great branches, the younger being reddifh at the fiifl, whereon doe grow fpariedly winged leaves, very like unto the leaves of the purging Cajfia tree, but that they arc rourtder at the ends or i points, and fomewhat harder in handling, of a darke greene colour on the upperfidc, and ofa paler greene under- ' neath: it beareth a long catkin in the winter, like unto that ot theWallnut, which in the fpring time optneth ;; into many darke purplifh flowers, and afterwards bringeth crooked cods, of the bignefle of a large beane cod, in ij fome larger in others fmaller, greene at the firft, and of abrowmfli colour, when theyare ripe; wherein are J flatand round feedes, very like unto thofe of Cajfia, and are ofanunpleafanttafte, while theyare frelh, butga- i ther more fweetenefle being kept to be dry : the fhell thereof although hard is eaten, afwell as the inner lub- ; fiance; which that I may ufe the words of Tlmye, is neither of a flefhie wooddy orskinnie fubftance, but of them :| all as it were mixed together. In the hotter countries ot India Sec. as Strabo m\\\a Geoghraphie writing of the :| treesof /Wilt doth report, thcreisacertainethickefubftancelyingwithin tliefe cods, which being taken forth I ferveth the Indians, and thofe other people where they grow in (lead of Sugar or Honey, to preferve the young cods of Cajfia, C in car, Gflfirobalans, and other fruites withall. 2. Caroba five Siliijnaex Gumeapurgatrix, The Carob or purging Beane of Gitmye. The Carob or purging Beane of Cjimy, groweth no doubt in his naturall place, robe a great tree, but in the lefle warme Countries, as Iru/; whereunto it was firft brought, it cannot doc fo : but flieweth by the growing . that it much differeth not from the former, bearing his leaves after the fame manner; the finite (for we have no . knowledge ofthe flower as yet) is crooked thicke and Ihort (and as Tcna faith, fomewhat like an Anacarde or Cajoles) about three inches long, ofa browne colour on the outfide, very like unto the other, having a bowing ; or roundneffe all the length of the backe, and an eminence or lid as it were in the hollowrdlc within which is ; foure or five fomewhat rounder and nor fo flat feedes, more pointed below and round at the head - the tafte is ; more (harpe and quicke, even almoft burning the throate, which peradventure is 1 ut from the nature cf the hot : C ountn,where it grew and may grow more milde,after it hath beene inured unto a n on temperate climate. The 'Place, The firft as is before fayd groweth in all the South and ! Haft Countries, as Ir.Aia, Armenia, Syria, Arabia, Egypt, &ic and in Greece, Spaine, Italy, Crc. frequently in many take mentio siliquo dulcis va Igtiriar. The ordinary fweete Beane or Carob tree. places, as both Matthiolm and Cl a fill- make mention : the : other is originally from Gimy, and b fit forth onely by Po- na of Verona, inbis Italian booke, who had it from Signor Contarni of Venice, The Time, j The firftflowreth in the very beginning of the fpring,and i I. Floret erfruHus SiLiqua dulcu Hi far be i, El ex Guinea, the Tribe.*. The Theater ofT (ants. Chap.#. i^y the fr uiie is riper in the hot timeef the Sommer onely; oftheother there is no further knowledge asvee, than of the fruite. ' The Names. It is called in Greeke w£ft7M, Ceratia oiDiofcorides,idejl,fi.liqua,& ntgutttU O' rtf me. CerMonia&firomti quafi comma Siliqna,oi Galen.sAigineta and others,becaufe the cods are crooked, or bowin'* inwards 'like a lithe or home: Cut that filiqua whereof Theophrajhu maketh mention in his fourth bookeand fecend chapter, and which the Ionians called Ceronia, and fome as he faith ficus eAEgyptia, but fallely, with a white flower and fruite growing from the body of the tree, more plentifully than from the branches, cannot bee this filiyua } but fome other, even as tugdmenfis and others affirme alfo: Plinye calleth it Siliqua dulcis and fo doth Alpinus and others: in fome Apothecaries (hops beyond Sea XjlocaraEla or rather Xjlocaratia the/Ira¬ nians call it Charnebium, in Italy they call it (farobe and Carobole.mi in Naples Salequa, corruptly, from filiqua as CMatthiohu faith, th e Spaniards call it Algarrovtu, the Germaines and Dutch call it Saint loans brot , that is. Same Johns bread, fuppofing that Saint John fed upon thefe fruites, and wilde honey, while he did abide in the wilder-, neffe of Iudea, as in OUatth. 3.4. but they are much deceived, for the word in the Hebrew text (as Junius and Tremellius doe note upon the uverf.of the 11. chap, of Levitticus is Arbis, ( whereof there were foure kindes of each whereof it was lawfull for the Ifraelites to eate ) mandated into Greeke in Latine Locufia, which are kindes of grafhoppers, peculiar to thofe Eafterne Countries, much differing from ours: but this .filiqua or fweete Beane tree, is the fame mentioned in the 15 chap.and i6verf. ofthe Gofpell according to Saint Luhe^ whereof the fwine fed themfelves, and the prodigall child would iaine have eaten of theiritaftay his hunger, but could not have them : for in all thefe Countries where they grow, the poorer fort of people doe often eatc them, and the hogges for the moil part confume the reft: the leede of this Beane, was that kinde of weight in ancient times called Karat, and among the goldftnithes a Carret, weighing fixe grames f ormerly, although iii thefe dayes they account it to be but foure. The Vertues. The fruite while it is frefh and new gathered, helpcth to purge the belly, but being dryed doth rather binde if,' and is then more bcneficiall to the ilomacke, than while it is frefh, becaufe it fomewhat troubled! it with the evill take, and hard digeiling thereof: the fweete fubilance within them, is often alfo ufed as honey, both to looien the belly, almoft as much as the extrafled pulpe of Caflia.mi is alfo good for the inflammations ofthe reines and backe to temper the heate, and is effedtuall in the difeafesof the chert, as coughes and fhortnefl'eof breathes as Cajfiai s, which things alfo the decoffion of the cods, performeth very well: Cjalen in his lecond booke of Aliments, condemned! the life of them for meate, faying they are hard of difgertion, and are not eaiily avoyded forth of the body: andinhisfeventh booke of Ample medicines, hee faith they are of a drying and binding quality, although they conteine in them iome fweetenefle, and that they are fomewhat like unto Cher¬ ries, that being freih they loofen the belly, and being dry binde it, becaufe the moyft fubilance being confirmed: the thicker eifence remaineth. Chap. XXXV. Tamarmdus. The Tamarind or lower Beane tree. 8 He Tamarind or fower Beane tree groweth to be as great as a Plum tree with many branches thicke fee with pale grecnc winged leaves, that is many fet together on both tides of the middle rib but fmalier then either thofe ofthe Cajfia or Carob tree, having alwayes an eddeone at the end,which ufually clofc themlelvestogetlier, bothitthcfcttingoftkfuniie, andtipoa nine, and open againe at the rilin'* ithereof, and faire weather, of a fower or acide tafte : the flowers are fomewhat large and white, like unto flow- iers of the Orange tree, confiding of eight leaves, imelling very fweete, having foure (mall white threds,[landing in tile middle about the umbone, which after groweth to be the fruite, and when it is ripe, is much larger, than any kidney beane cod, fome greater and lefle than others, as in all forts ol fruite, fomewhat bending or croo- tked, wherein is contained a blackefubftance,not diftinguifhed into cels, as the CaJT" 1 folutiva is, but the leede lying difperled among the pulpe , hath diverfe bigge and long rtrings running through it, of a very acide d'owre or fliarpe fweete tafte, very pleafing to the palate and ilomacke: theieedeor kernels are greater thart thole of Caflia, and as it were fquare and fomewhat flat alfo-.the tree never loofech his leafe, but will endure : no cold, as hath becnc often tryed in thofe colder Countries. The Place. • J l , tree nawral, y groweth in many places in the Haft Indies as Garcias faitbyit is onely nouriflicd as a ftrangej both in -Arabia and Egypt in their Orchards. a j _ The Time. We have no certaine know ledge of the time of flowring- or the bearing of ripe fruite. The Names. It is called by the Arabians (for none ofthe ancient Greeke writers hath made any mention of it) Tamarin . due that is the Date tree of India, for Tuwitr fignificth a Date with them, and of the later Greeke writers Oxy- phsmeon, that is the fower Date tree; but both of them very unfitly, for it may very well be perceived that it is nothing like unto any kinde of Date tree, Lacuna following Meftscs, calleth \t‘D ally his Jndicus , ofthe Greeke word dallylus that fignifieth a finger, which the fruite doth very well refemble, being bowed or crooked like unto a bowed or bended finger: fome take it to be Pala of Pliny , whereof he maketh mention in his 12 booke ■,™ a P •f° me a gainp thinke that it differeth nothing from the PalmuUThebaica of Diofcorides, the Dates °>! r e °‘ S : „ an ^ * Dccau ^ e ' c fhould not want an Englifi/ name, according to the property thereof, I have called it the lowre Beane tree, for that the fruite or cod is fo like a great kidney Beane cod. J . The Vertues. The inward pulpe of th t Tamarind is very effeftuall to purge choller, and therefore is of great good ufe in all not or pelt lleptiall agues, it openeth the obftruftions both of the liver and fpleene, and therefore is profitable^ a- gainft 2$8 Chap. 36. Tbeatrunt Botanicum . TribE 2. T amarinda. The TTamarinde or form Beane tree. Tamarindijiuciutiumleuwie. ^ . The cod and feedes of the Tamar aide tree. gaintl all breakings out ofthe skinne, which come ofthe heate of bloud.or ofafharpe or fait water, running be- g tweenc the flefh and the skinne, as itches, fcabbes, leprye, and the like, and helpeth thofc that are troubled with 1 the Jaundies, and the [loppingof the Spleene : it doth exceedingly helpe to aflvvage the third, if an ounce there- e of be diffolvedin faire water, and a little Sugar mixtd therewith, or taken of it iclfe; for the people of the hoc IK countries, doe ufuallyeatc thereof in their long travells to quench their third, which they were never able to indure without it, to rcfrefhthemfelves in the great heatc, both ofthe Summer, and of thole drie places, where:! no water is to be had. It cooleth all inflammations, both of the liver and ofthe domacke, as alfoof the reines I and backe, and helpeth the Gonorrhaa, or running of the reines: taken with Burrage water, it quickneth thei dulled fpirits by melancholy, and fomewhat mittigateth the fits of frenfic and madnelfe : it doth flay all rheumes * anddidillations, being taken with fome Suger and the water of Maiden haire ifa frnall quantity of the pulpe .f of Tamarinds and Cafiia, and the pouder of Rubarbe be mixed together, it maketh a delicate medicine to purgOJ the ftomacke and liver, and is very effedtuall to helpe to expell all hot or burning agues, and procure an appetite: t itflaiethalfo vomitings, and taketh away the loathing ofmeate : the leaves as well as the pulpe ferve infiead ofii vinegar, with many of the Indians, Ethiopians, Arabians and others, they give the leaves alfo to children for the Wormes, and both leaves and pulpe ferve outwardly to cooleall hot inflammations, and wheales, pimples, and n fuchlike. The young cods of the Tamarinds are preferred in Arabia withthehony of the Carobs, orwith Su-t. gar, which ferve for all the purpofes before recited. Chap. XXXVI. NnxTen five Ghns ungnevtaria, TheoylyNut Ben. sHis oyly Nut Ben hath undergone much controverfe, and contrarietie among thok Authors? I that have anciently written thereof, as namely Diofiorides, Tbeophrafim, Pliny and Galen-, font 1 Diofiorides faith that the tree is like unto Tamaris ke y Thcopkraftm faith it hath leaves like unto » ! Mirtle leaves, Pliny faith like unto the leaves of or Turnefole tbutthatl may com-r I pole this controverlie and end this contrarietie betweene them,I will (how you here the true def- j criptionand figure thereof, fuch as Doftor Tobias Aldir. w the Cardinall Fr his Phifition at Rome hath fet it forth being well growen, for that which Honor ins 'Bellus a famous Phifition, living long in Candie had growing with him from the Nuts, which he planted, ("and fent the figure thereof to his friends in divers places,& efpecially to Thames Pena,an Apothecary in FfWiaywhointhedefcriptionard catalogue of the names of thofe plants that grow upon Mount 'Baldw ,which he fet forth himfelf,hath inferred the figure hercof.as he i T R 1 B E 2. The Theater of 'Plants, Chap. 36. 2,3^ Mux Ben five Gians unguentaua cum fiiiqua Integra, & nux exempt a [e or(tm. T.ie oyly out Ben with die whole cod,and che nuts taken out and let by themfclves. w he received it from the faid Belliw) was but a young plant, of not above a yeare or two’s growth. Theophraftm in de¬ scribing the tree growen great, faith it groweth crooked,, and not ftraight upright Spreading rather in breadth than in^ height, whole leafe is like thofe of Mirtles, blit longer as^ by thisfigure that you here iee you may well perceive/' and nothing like unto thofe of Tamar Ike, and that the\ comparifon of Tliny in the leaves like Turn foie, is not x much amilSe, for if they be both compared they will note be found much to ciffer»in the forme, 1 meane Tarnefole leaves, from the larger ^irtle leaves, but the differencef bztwvxiT) iofeorides ,and Theophraflw rileth as it is thought \ from the errour in the Writers out of the coppie of Dtofcorides ; the Greeke word in Diofcorides and Theo. fhraftus, being So neare and like the one unto the other, 1 that it might ealily be miftaken, which arc pvexx*i in Dio- (corides Myrica,fivc Tamarifcus & uitfwn Afyrtm in Theo- fhrajlttt, yet it is more probable that there is no errour in the Text 0$‘Diofcorides, in that his companion of this tree unto Tamar is kp is not unto the forme of the leaves, as Theophraflw his is, but unto the Forme of the whole body* and growing thereof: the true description therefore here- of,as A Minus hath mod acurately let it downe is thus. The firft two or three yeares faith he, it Sprang up and withe¬ red or perifhed downe every W inter to the roote,and rofe againe a frelh every Spring, but after it became three or foure yeare old,it grew more woddy and more likely to abide without decaying: it rofe up yearely after the firft, with one ftemme fhooting forth branches of winged leaves, or rather winged branches of leaves, the barke be¬ ing whitifh as the leaves are alfo, but they are compofed after Such an order as no other tree doth the like; for the branches rife up with the ftemme or body, divided into Sundry other Smaller twigges no bigger than rufties, fee with two leaves atfeverall Spaces diftant farreinlund r, ending in Small long points like haires, hut have no eyes or buddes at the feeteofthe leaves, as the Small branches of all other trees have, which fheweth that the whole branched ftalkeor divided branch, isbutas one winged leafe.- the leaves firft falling away, leaving the branches bare, which then (hew like untoordinary orS panijb Broome when it hath loft the leaves; and after the leaves the ftalkes likewife perifh that held the leaves wholly unto the very ftemme,and therefore (heweth to be but as one winged leafe of a tree, as in the Afh, Wallnut &c. the loweft of thefe leaves a.e fomwhat round pointed like the herbe HellotropiUm Sunturher, thofe on the middle of the branch more (harpe pointed like unto Myrtle leaves,and the uppermoft fmalleft Somewhat like unto Knot- graffe : it hath not borne either flowers or fruit in our Chriltian countries as yet fo far as I can heare : the roote is thicke,long, white and tuberous as it were,yet ending in Some fprayes being not much wooddy but rather flefhie and tender--but the nuts or fruits,fuch as have been brought over to in enclofed in their husks, as alfo out of their husksareexprefledherc by themfelves:thatis,that many, of them grow Angle in the husks & Some two together, and that the nuts enclofed in every huske each by it felfe have their place bunched' forth where each of them lie" and ftraightned betweene them both, thelowerand upper end of the huske being Small and (harpe pointed^ and about an handbreadth long, round and ofadarkealhcolour on the outfide^nd fomewhat reddifti on the in- fide, of the fubftance of leather, lither or ea r eto how, rugged ontheourfide with many long ftreakes in it, but Smooth on the infide : the nuts themfelves are three Square, for the mod part, covered with a whitiih Soft and fomewhat tough wooddy ftaell, wherein the white kernell lieth, which is not altogether infipid, but Somewhat fharpe in tafte and oylie withall., caufing a kind of loathing upon the rafting almoft ready to provoke vomiting * out of which is prefled an oyle,as f Diofcorides and Cjalcna ffirme, like as is prefled out of Almonds; and not from the (hells or husks as fame formerly fuppofed,for it is commonly knowne to many here in our o wr.e land,and to my felfe alfo, who have prefled as good ovle out of the kernells of the nutts, as any hath beene brought from be¬ yond Seas: and therefore Theophraftus was herein much miftaken, or at leaft mifinformed, that Said the oyle that Served for fwecteoyles and ointment , was drawne from the huskes and (hells and not from the Nutts them- felves, and Pliny alfo who faith rhe fame doth erre in that, although he faith that an oyle isdravvenout of the nuts, which the Phyfitions doe ufe : for the oyle to both ufes is one and the fame. The P lac ex Thefe trees grow in Syria, Arabia, *s£t hi opia,and India,and although Some fay in Egypt alfo, yet I thinke Prop, per Alpimss, who was curious to Set downe all the rare trees, and plants unknowne in ‘f 'taly that grew there. Would have given us Some knowledge thereof, among other Egyptian plants, if they had been? therein his time. The Time, We have as I fayd before, no knowledge of the time of flowring hereof. The Names. It is called in Greeke by T> iofeoridss^ Q alert and others ptvprftxfi r Br«».The other is called of Clufius Spina fnfettoria pumilap r ima:a\thouef\ Gerardhath cal- 1 led it in Fnghfh Laxative Ram and Bucks home,yet I have rather entituled it a purging thorne,as moft fitting to it. i The Venues. The berries hereof dryed and a drame of the pDwder, given in wine or the broth of flefh, doth purge both ! flegme and groflethicke humors alfo, yet Pena faith it rather draweth forth thinne flegme, and that ffomthe : Joints and Arteries, and therefore is Angular good for dropAe^ fome doe make an Ele&uary and lom'e a Syrupc of the Juyce of the berries clarified, and Sugar or Honey put thereto, but becaufe it worketh a little trouble- \ fomely, f ome fpices are to be added thereto to aromatifeit, as Cinamon, Ginger and Cloves, and fome adde Mafticke and roles alfo, which doth correft the evill quality therein, and caufe it worke without paine : an ounce :£ or more of either Electuary or Syrupe may be given at a time, diffolved either in wine or in the broth offlelh, I which will draw forth raw whayifli humors,and choller aboundantly, as alfo tbicke clammie flegme,for itwor- >;• kethnot wich any troublelome heating of the parts, but doth flrengthen them after purging, not caufing any , flux to follow : Of thefe berries are made three feverall forts of colours, as they fhall be gathered; that is being J gathered while they are greene and kept dry, are called Sappe berries, which being fleeped in fome Allome wa- J ter, or frtfh bruifed into Allome water, they give a rcalonable faire yellow colour, which painters ufe for their l Workes,and Bookebinders to colour the edges of bookes, and leather drefftrs to colour leather, as they ufe alfo :i to make a greene colour called Sappe greene, taken from the berries when they are blacke, being bruifed and put :ii into a brafie or copper kettle, or pan; and there fuffered to abide three or foure dayes, or a little heated upon the i fire, and fome beaten Allome put unto them, and after pre fled forth, the Juyce or liquor isufually putup into:: great bladders, tyed with flrong thred at the head, and hung up untill it be drye, which is diffolved in water or h wine, but facke is the befl to preferve the colour from ftarving as they call it, that is from decaying and to make I it hold frefli the longer : the third colour (whereof, none that I can finde hath made mention, but onely Tragus') is a pur pi i lh colour which is made of the berries fuffered to grow upon the bufhes, untill the middle or end of h November, that they are ready to droppe from the trees. Chap. XL. Anagyris & Laburnum. Beane Trefoiles. He Anagyris and Laburnum ate Cnchcongeneres,Co\\ke the one unto the other, that diver fe writers .1 doe calf that Anagyris, which others call Laburnum, and indeed I know no other diftin&ion be-: tweene them,than of ftetens & nonfeetens, major & minor. 1. Anagyrisfeetida. Stinking BeaneTrefoilc. The {linking beaneTrefoile in his naturall places, which are the hot Countries of Spalne and Nar - ;■ bone in France, feldome groweth to be higher than a man, but tranfplanted into more cold and temperate cli- ; mates, rifeth twife fo high; having the barke of the body, and elder boughes, of a darke grayiffi greene colour,: the younger ofafreflier greene, from whence fhoote forth at diverfe places three fome what large leaves toge¬ ther, (landing upon a pretty long footeftalke, of a greene colour on the upperfide,and of an hoary or filver fhining >■ colour underneath; of a flrong unpleafant fent, like unto {linking Cjladwin efpecially in the hot countries, for in the colder countries it is nothing fo much, and very little in ours, as I have tryed, who have had it many times: growing with me: at the Joynts with the leaves come forth many flowers, (landing upon a long flaike, one by another, which are larger than in any Cytifus, almoft as great as the Colutaa, the lower leaves being of a paler yellow colour, and the uppermoft which cover them, of a deeper gold yellow, which after turne into large and long flattifh cods; wherein lye foure or five feedes, twife as big as in the other, almoft as big as Kidney beanes, and more difcoloured than the other, that is of a darke purple (potted, which were of a fairer purple, before they were Tri be 2 . The Theater o/Tlants. Chap. 40 . 2 j wS;' X^ounf t j ir i ,(let ! 1 not dec P e tfie gwun i, but is well fallenSd with brandies and fibres : * raf “«*■» This majus.The greater Idle [linking Beane Trefoilc. diverfc Dllc S roweth larger in body and branches, than the former, and fometimes (hooteth forth ! kiftaftheSt f Whern f r .°T’ ^ whcreof “ ** fi ™ e a " d h »' d . Y^w toward the barke, and bTc- ' othersVwhh Iei«h f X flr ? n 8 eftare made,and (lakes that will abide hard in the ground longer than ' underneath likehemTb ' C ' thcr the former or dle ° f a dark '^ S™e»e above, and filver colour hllket bcm: the (lowers are mote m number, and fmaller than in the former, the (hikes of flowers for it ? d n vne and not Ending up, being fometimes almoft a foote long,and not fo long as in the former and are feedes whbinthern S? 0 "' CO ' 0U u r - ^ bla ^- ^ a " d foaher and fo are the , veeldinTto be rn^l 1a ' fo ,'5' et g rcaterdlanin thelefrer forr, elfe much alike, being blackilli and very hard, fcarce i teteetoffi& W#teri dle!c “ dflowcrshavc but little fentat all to difcommcndthem, in any r, ^ .3- Laburnum minus. The Iefler Beane Trefoile. iretheleave.fn TaroTlXb' If 1 , n , mo(l tllln g?like unto the laft defcribedbut that it growethnot fo great, nor are tne leaves fo large by the halfe, nor yet either flowers or feede. T! c n ' L C ' - Pl ace - of a drhef,-1L re fald gr0 £ weth in hot Countries; the fecond.and fo doth the lead alfo,in many of the woods Of July, and the higher parts of Trar.ce, and other places, and upon the Alpes. Jh lddom ? * ideth Wrth us to ftiew his flower.- but in his natural! places, it flowreth early even in Ianuary and Mr« arJ , in Spaces Culfuu faith, butin^i/fand c May, in other places; and the feedes are ripe in the the r”; r mC mS P« m > bu; not unt.il September in other places : the other flowreth in c May and Tune an | the feede fometimes npeneth well, but not untill September, but the leaft ripeneth well. 7 ’ Tl £ n • , _ Names, jjrohfri \ 1SC3 -' C r °j P‘°f cor f ej ttp&yjetf etvawp®- AnagyrU tfr Anagyros which Pliny faith fome called fje butX? 0 {t^ U i' aU lf- nr Cd t0 ;“° “'T* “ fr ° m other, which is alf 0 7 called Z' toC Xt’TjZ r f£ ‘“<* whlch fecond or calleth Anaeyri,prima & muior as he calleth ‘Trs-it r • ^i , t0 beZ*6#r»ut»o( fliny 3 which is the lead: and called £VWe>ofthofe that dwell about faith it is cahed bv 7he”h k- 1 ®* it £ail,n; "- wh ™ as he calleth the lead, AnagyrU altera ofAAatthiof m , An,,Hilar* called LTburLm = ,,nhab ' tln «thinketh xt may be Ebenifecund* fpecies Theophrafii- Lu^Jlis alfo Lb mm t rmn ”>,mA the leaft Laburnum «*«•«»,and faith it might be called Anlgjrt, Alum,-. Cordur Y 3 calleth Tbeatrum Botanicum. 246 Chap. 41. RI B E,2. calleth it Arbor trifolia, diverfe doc call the lead Laburnum,?aba in verft.Gerardhis figure of Anagyritfattida, mi Amgyrit, are ;he lame that are in Matthiolue, but the titles are contrary, for Gerard his Anagyrit ftetida, is the Eghelo or Andgyris altera in AAatthiolui.lt is probable in my opinion,that the fmallerX^arnxm fhould be thatCa- lytea of Theofhrajlus, which is fet down in the 14.r-.of his third book, with a willow leafe: for if you take any one leafe by it felf.it may wel refe mble a Willow leafejboth for forme and colour.and beareth fmall feeds in cods,like unto pulfe as that doth: Cjefncr did rcferre this kinde unto the mountaine Cytifut, bat AAatthiolui reprooveth him for it : the great booke of Eysietenfis calleth it Anagyrit laifolia, but I call it Laburnum majut, as I doe the lad Laburnum minut , The Vertltes. The leaves as well as the feede of the firfl Beane trefoile, are a (Iron" vomit, efpecially in the hot Countries, where it groweth,and Honorius Bellw writing thereof to Clujim, faith that in Candy, where that kind groweth with rounder leaves, if the Goates or fhcepedo chance to feed thereon.thc milke which they give will caufe any > that (hall take it, to fall as well into extreame fcouring downewards asdrong cading upwards, and that many ■ thereby have beene brought in danger of their lives: the young leaves faith ‘Diofcorides applyed unto tumors or dwellings,dil'cufleth andreprefleththem; andifadram of the powderof them, bedrunke in wine, as he faith 1 alfo, it expelleth both the dead birth, and the lecondine, and likewifebringeth downe the monethly courfes i of women; iffomeof theleaves.be bound to thofethat have hard and uneafie travell in child bearing, it cauleth i a fpeedy delivery of the birth, bin they mud bee taken away preftntly afterwards; they are likewife given ini wine to thofe that are fhort winded, andtofuchas are often troubled with the head-ach : thebarkeof the roote : hath a dwelling ripening and difeufling quality : both the other forts here fet downe, have the fame properties,, for they are alio ol the l ime temperature, but Afatthio/ta faith, that he hath knowne, thatfome that havetaken 1 ignorantly of the feede of the leffer Beane trefoile, have had flrong vomitings even unto blood : Solerius infche- ■ liis in esEtium |aith,tbatby certaine and undoubted experience it hath fceer.e found,that a dramme either more or 1 lefl'e.ofthedryed bark thereof made into powder,and taken in any kind of drink, purgeth very llrongly both up. . wards and downewards,but in a diverfe manner; for ifashe faith, ('which I take rather to be but a concede) the: barke be pulled oft'from the tree upwards, it will caufe vomitings, if downewards great purging of the belly / downewards : the Bees faith / liny, refute to touch the flowers of this Laburnum, which is the leffer Beane: Trefoile, but it hath beene trucly obferved, that both in the natuiall places where it groweth, as alfo with us, that the Bees doe not refufe to feede upon them : the Cfrecians have an ufuall provetfce with them, Anagyrin ; when they would fignifie one, that workethas wee fay his owne woe, or is the caufe of his owner harme. Chap. XL I. Myrobalani. Myrobalans or purging Indian Plummes.' B Lthough there lie noneofthefe Myrobaland trces(whereofarc S forts offruites well known & didin- ■ guilhcd in the Apothecaries Ihops) growing in any of theie C hriftian Countries of Europe, as far as ever 1 could learne yet I could doe no leffe than make mention of them here,both tecaufe the fruites are often uled in Phyficke among other purgcrs.and to make it knowne to all that might be miftaken 1 by the name, andthinke that the Myrobalane Plummes, the red and the white that 1 have remem-•: bred in my former book, be fome of tlrefe kindes: but fo they arc not, neither for forme nor quality r as alfo to : ftir up fome ingenious mind among our Merchants,that trade to Aleppo & Cairo, & into Ptrjia and the Eafl Indies, j to give order to their fadtors.if they doe it not themfelves,to enquire and l’ceke out fuch of the forts that are to: be found in the places of their abode, and either to plant the (tones of thefe fcverall kinds in thole warmer 11 countries, if they abide any time in them, that when they are a little growne they might then fend them hither: .1 or fend the frefh {lories over hither to us ( for thofe are too dry that are brought for phyfitke life) that wee may , plant them here to try if they will not growe and abide with 11s, that at lead, having but a fight of the forme of the leaves of any fort, we might compare them with the deferiptions that writers have made of them, whether 1 they are anfwerablc thereunto • I mult in the meane time therefore but (hew you them as Gdrzias and others 1 before me have done, with fuch delcriptions as they gave of them, and are extant, not knowing whether they, be true or no. r. Myrobalamu Citrina. The yellow Myrobalane or purging Indian Plum. The tree that beareth thefe yellow Myrobalanes is faidtogrow as great as a Plum tree, having many bran- 1 ches and winged leaves on them like unto the true Service tree :the fruit is for the moll part as bigge as read)-, nable Plums, fomewbat long and net fully round, but having many faire ridges on the outfide, efpecially when r it isdryed.fhewingittobefive fquare though round,of a yellower colour on the outfide then any of the reft; the 1 fiefh or lubftance being of a reafonable thicknefle, yet not fo thicke as the Chebuli.or Emblici, nor fo thin as the 1 Bcllerici ; the (lone is white thicke,and very hard to breake, with emniences and ridges alfo therein, and a very; fmall long kernell lying in the middle, of an inllringent tafte as the dryed fruit is alfo, but much more then it:this hath no fuch kernell that thereout may be preffed an oyle, as "Bellomut noteth of the kernells of that fruit that hee tooke to bee the yellow Myrobalane tree, in the plaines of Hiericho as he noteth it, in hb.Obfervatiomim 1. cap,%0. j. cALyrobalanut Chebula. The purple Myrobalane, or purging Indian Plum. This kind ofMyrobalane tree growing in ftatureand branches like a Plum (as Gnrrias faith all the forts are) bearing leaves on the branches like unto the Peach tree : the fruit hereof is the greatefl and longed of all the: five forts, ofa blackifh purple colour on the outfide while it is frefh,which it holdeth in the dry fruit; (which: Matthiolue commended for the bed) being five fquare as the former, ofthethickefl fubflarce, and mote flcfhy then any other, and with the fmalled done in the middle, not fully lo hard to breake as the former, but with: the dualled kernell therein. 5. MyrobaUmut 3 . CMyrobalanw Bellerica. The round Myrobalane,or purging Indian Plum! I The round Myrobalane is like the reft for growth, but bearing leaves like the Bay tree, yet of a palef greene iUcolour, and Come what afhcoloured (underneath peradventure) withall: the fruit is of a meane bignes, round, bandfmooth, yet being as it were three fquare in many, and of a pale ruffettifln colour when they are frcfb, but Gofadarkeordufty whitifh colour on theoutfide, being dry, of the thinned fubttanceor lead fleftiy of any of itthem : the ftone whereof is thicke greater then any other, proportionable to the fruit, very hard to break, with ■a kernelllwithin of a reafonable bignefle. 4. CMyrobalamti Emblica. The bearded or fix fquare Myrobalane or purging Indian Plum. t The tree thatbeareth this Myrobalane or delicate Plum, being like a Plum tree for height and manner of 0 growing(as you have heard before that Garz'uu faith fo of them all) hath leaves of a palme or handbreadth long, jYvcry finely cut in or divided on the edges : the fruit is round in fhew, but doth feparate or will be broken into j :fix parts, as both we have obferved in the dry fruit, alwayes brought unto us, broken into fmall peeces,without yianyftones; and more plainely in the fruit preferved, whereof good ftorehath beene brought over many times j unto us, which will be divided into many parts:the ftone whereof within it is fix fquare, with three greater rid- f 2ges,and three leffer lying betweene them, and bearded at the head of the three greater ridges, the kernell with- ti in it being feparated into the three feverall divifions, having each of them two calls, wherein the parts of the ker- II nelllye almoft three fquare. 5 . c 'Myrobalatiw Indica, The blacke Myrobalane or purging Indian Plum. r The blacke Myrobalane tree is like the reft; whofe leafe (as Garzsiat faith) is like unto a Willow leafe: the irfrait faith Gw as is eight fquare, which may be when they are frefh, but they cannot be fo plainely difeerned ■i in thofe that are brought over unto us dry, the fmalleft of all the reft, fome what long, altogether fieflay, with- SJ out any ftone in the middle,and the blacked of any. The Place . \ Ail thefe fruits grow in the Eaft Indies wild and not manured, but in divers provinces, as fome in Goa and Batecala , others in Malavar and Dabul. Yet Garzias faith foure forts grow in the kingdome of Cambay a, and . the Chebuls m r Bifnagar J Decan^Guzaratc (which we call at this time Surrate) and Bengala ; Belloniwi ,aith in 1 his booke of obfervations that the yellow Myrobalanes grow in Arabia and Syria t and alfo in the plaines of Hie - ^ richo ) but I doe much doubt of the certainty thereof and thinke rather that he was miftaken. The Time. 7 We know fo little of the trees,that we know leffe of their time of flowring or bearing fruit. The Thames. Thefe kind of fruirs were not any of themknowne unto any of the antient Greeke writers, as Diofcorides, v Tbeophraftits or Galen, neither unto Pliny t for although hee maketh mention of a Myrobalanus, yet heeaddeth Troglodytesj which is the Ben } B alarms UWyrepfica, or Gians p'rtgnentaria, as 1 ihewed you a little before 9 yec ilipil fw I i H ± ■ Ii; ; , r-T' 1 248 Chap.4*> 7 beatrumBotanicum. Tribe 2. yet both Balanus 'JMyrepjica and c JMyrobalanw have but one fignification in the Greeke tongue. The Arabians were the firft that made them knowne to the world, and called them all in generall by the name of Telcaj, as by 1 the writings of Alcfnes and Serapio doe appeare; but the Grcekes that tranHated thefc Arabians , gave the names of Myrobalanes unto thefe fruits, becaufe (as it is likely ) they thought the fruit warlike unto an Acornc, and: therefore gave the name Balanus ; but why they fhould give the other word Myras , which fignifieth an oynt- ment, cannot be underftood by any, for none of thefe were ever ufed in any pretious or i'weet oyntment, and : Alyrobalanos fignifieth as much as Balanus Myrepfica Gians unguentaru , the Acorne for oyntments. Attuarius . among the latter Greeke writers maketh mention of them, but that none ofthefe did grow among the Arabians . their ignorance of their growing declarcth plaincly : for CAfefties writeth that the Citrini Chebult and Nigri doe : all grow upon one tree, and for that they beare twice in a yeare, the Citrini arc the unripe, and the Tiiqri are 1 the ripe of the fir ft bearing, and the Chebuli the fruit of the later bearing, which how contrary unto truth: it is, Garzias doth declare, in his booke of the Drugges of the Eaft Indies, where hee plainely fheweth 1 that all the five forts, grow fevcrally each upon a feverall tree, as I have fhewed you before: the Indians call I the Citrini or F/avi Arare t but the Phyfitions Aritiejui, and the Indici or Nigri they call Re^cnvale, the Bellerict i Gotini or Gotniy the Chepuli or Che bull Aretca, and the Fmblici or Amttale as Garzas hath it, or Antiale as Acofla. . I have you fee intituled them all purging Plums, as moft proper for them in my judgement, and given them their r fundry Epithites according to their quality as I thinke. The Vert ties. All thefe forts of Myrobalanes have a gentle purging quality, fomc more and fome leffe then others, fome : alfo purging choller,fomc ftegme, and fome melancholy; but they have in them alfo an aftringent quality,much 1 more then is in Rubarbe: the Citrines and Bellericks , that is the yellow and the round Myrobalanes doe purge : choller gently : tre Chebules and Emblici that is the purple and fix fquare Myrobalanes doe purge fiegme: and 1 the Indies or black ones melancholly *thedecoflion or infufionof them all doth purge better then any wayes clfe,, yet fo gently that in evacuating the humors, they ftrengthen the ftomackc, the liver and the heart, but given in j ponder they binde the body more then purge it, and indeed the binding quality in them all, efpecially in the : drycd fruits, is more prodominant, and as Cjarxdas faith, the Indians wholly ufe them for that purpofe ; and I therefore they arc the heft mcdecines to be mingled with Scamony and all other violent purgers, to reftraine their \ violence and to correft their ficrcenelfe,and yet as tJATefues faith the y are often put with C a Jfi a > Manna ,& Tama - • rind-, to helpe the working of them, as a moft fafe medecine:the Bellericks and E mb licks by purging theftomack : fromrotten fiegme Iyingthercin, and ftrengthning the braineand joynts, the heart and liver, and binding all i other loole or fluent humors in the parts of the body, are very effeduall, as alfo for thetrembling of the heart,, and to ftirre up the appetite, ftay vomiting and reftraine the fury and belchings of choller, to increafe the power r and facultie of the fpirits, to qualinc the exccftive heat of the inward parts, and the thirft is raifed thereof,and 1 doe helpe and give eafe to thole that are truobled with the hemorrhoides or piles,by reftraining the fiercenefle of i choller flowing unto them, and for this Iaft effeft, the Citrines arc moft ufed : alfo for all hot conftitutions, and i in all hot agues where there are no obffruftions, for (they as all the other forts alfo) doe rather caufe obftrudfi- • ons, and therefore in all fuch when they are to be ufed they are to bee corrected with Wormewood, or the: juice of Fumiterry, or with Rubarbe, Agarick,Spiknard and the like, as alfo with other opening anddiurcti-- call things : the Chebules in efpeciall doe purge fiegme, fharpen the memory, cleare the eye fight, clenfe and: ftrengthen the ftpmacke.and are very cffefruall againft the dropfie, and all old agues: the Indies or blackeMy-- robalanes in fpeciall, doe purge melancholy, and blacke or burnt choller, ana thereby are availcablefor thet quartaine Ague, the Lcpry or foulcevill, and all paralaticke difeafes: the Embliks and Bellericks in efpeciall. purge fiegme and comfort the braine very much, as alfo the heart and ftomackc, ftay vomiting and ftirre up then appetite. They all ofthemin generall are of efpeciall ufe in all fluxes both of theftomack and belly, by gently>i purging the maligne fluxibilitie of the humors, and ftrengthning and binding the parts afterwards; but as an: efpeciall teceit to binde or ftay an old continued Laske, I have knowne this medicine doe much good. Taked and burnea pint of Claret wine, with a little Rofemary and Sugar, whereinto puttofteepc all night one dram oft Rubarbe, firft ft iced and tofted at thefire, and halfe a dram of Chebule Myrobalanes, which ftanding by the; fire all night, and drained forth in the morning, is to be taken at two feverall times, a draught in the morning :i falling, which ifit helpe not diffidently the firft time, being renewed and taken two dayes more, will certain-i ly ftay the laske wholly, if the malignity and fharpenefle of the humors bee not fo ftrong that fcarfe any medc- i cine will cure it. The Chebule Myrobalanes broken and deeped in Rofewater, or in the clarified juice of Fen- : nell for two or three dayes, and after drained forth ; this water dropped into the eyes doth clere the fight, and jj a fine cloth wet therein and often appfyed, taketh away the heat and inflammation in them, and ftayeth rheumes .1 and diftillations into them : the pouder of any of the Myrobalanes and Mafticke, put into running Vlcers and :i fores, dryeth up the moyfture and confolidateth them : The Chebules and the Emblicks are often brought over 1 unto us preferved, whereof the Chebules are more ufed Phyfically for fuch purpofes as are before fet do wne,' then the Emblicks are, which being nothing harfh in tafte as the Chebuls, but being very pleafant, are more of-: ten ufed as a delicate preferved Plum,among other junckets,then for any Phyficall refpeft. Chap. XLII. Agaricus & Terebinthina ex Larice. Agaricke growing on the Larch tree, and the fine cleare Turpentine taken from it alfo* S Ecaufe the Rofin or Turpentine of the Larch tree doth gently open and purge the belly • but more ef-' pecially the Agaricke that groweth thereon, I muft to fhew you the manner of growing of Aga-i ricke, give you alfo the view of the body of the tree, from whence it is taken, and fome branches and leaves thereon to be knowne by :but the defeription of the tree it felfejfhall be fhewed you among the other Conifer at & Rejiniferas arborcs, trees tlj.atbearc Cones or Pine apple like fruit, and out of which: is: Tribe*. The Theater of Tlants. fHAP.4.2. is extrafted a clcare liquid Rofin or Turpintinc, called in ihoppes Venice Turpentine, by boring the tree to the heart, andrecei. ving it intoveffclls, and from the body of the tree when it is growne!greatandold in many places, and from the greater armesand boughes alfo, groweth certaine excreffcnces like Muihromes but greater, called Agaricke of divers and feverall fifes, that is from the bignefle of ones hand lcfl'e or more, to be as bigge as any mans head, and iometimes greater, covered with 1 a" hard blackifh barke,which being cut and pared away, the fubftance under it appeareth very white, and if it be of the beft fort,very light alfo, eafie to breake, loofe or fpnngie and without firings through it, fomewhat fweete in take at the firft, but very bitter afterwards.and not having any hard barke on the outfide: the blacke, heavy, and hard, is utterly unfit to be ufed in Phyficke. The Tlace. The Larch tree groweth in many woods about Trent and Srixia in Italy, and neare the rivers Hcxmus and Padus, and in (jalatia a Province of Afia, as Diofcondes and Cjden doe record, and in Agaria a country of Sarmatia, from whencethe Aga¬ ricke tooke the name; in Silejia alfo Moravia,Lufatia ; And the Agaricke is gathered in moll of thefe places, foisthe Turpen¬ tine likewife, butefpecially from the woods about Trent,&c. The Time, The Rofin or Turpentine is gathered in the hotted time of the yeare,and the Agaricke at the latter end thereof, that is Novem¬ ber and December efpecially. The Names. This tree is called MeA :in Greek and Larix or Larkein Latin, T/i*/hath in no one thing in all his Hiftory, fhewed hisincon- ftancie and repugnancie,tnore than in this one tree, not onely in not knowing that whereof he writeth,but denying that which is found true by good experience, and faying that in one place, which hee contrarieth in an other, as in his 15 . Booke and 21. Chapter, hee reckoneth the Larch tree among thofe wild trees, that doe not died their leaves, and are fharpe pointed, where it feemeth he tooke die Larch tree, for the Pine tree, as hee doth sgaricus ex tarice. Agaricke growing on rhe Larch tree. the 20. of the fame 16. Booke: and whereas Theofhrajhu in his third Booke, and tenth Chapter, fpeakingof the difference betweene the Pine and Pitch tree, faith, thatthe Pine tree being burnt downe to the rootes fprin- geth not from them againe, but as fome (ay the Pitch tree doth as it hapned ill Lesbos , when the wood Pyrrhcus was fired, which wasflored with Pitch trees. This very narration Flirty lib. 16.cap. 1 -,9. in citing, applieth to the Larch tree, which Theophrafius doth to the Pine tree. And in another place Theophrafius faith, thatakinde of femall Pine is called Egin or Egida- and Tliny faith the femall Larix is called Egida, by all which places it may beplainely feene,that Pliny miftooke the Larch tree for the Pine tree. For Theophrafius hath not made men¬ tion of the Larix, in all his Hidory, whereby many did judge that it did not grow in Greece, for elfe he would have knowne it, and fpokenof it. In one place againe Pliny maketh the leaves ofthe Larch tree to be foft, woolly, thicke and fat,and in another place hard & drier againe he faith that the Larch tree hath not flowers nor any cones to commend it, when as they have cones, and the bloffomes on them are very beautifull: and Iaftly T/iny faith fit fhould feeme following Vitruvius, who before him faid the fame) that the wood ofthe Larch tree, will not burne, nor make a cole, nor will confume in the fire, any otherwife than a done, when as himfelfe faith and ac¬ knowledged!, as Vitruvius alfo doth, that it yeeldeth forth a Roden ; and how could anv man thinke, that a tree yeelding Roden fhould not burne, when as the very earth and ftones that have any bituminous or relinous qualitie in them, will burne exceedingly, as is plainely feene in our turfe, in pitandfea coales which maintaineour fires i in many places of our Land, and elfewhere alfo. This I thought good to fet downe, not fo much todedaime a- gaind Pliny, as to forewarne others that tranflate or write others opinions,to be judicious and examine by reafonj whether that which others have written, agree with the truth of the matter, and not handover head either be- leeve or fet downe, whatfoevet others have written, be it true or falfe. Concerning the cleare Turpentine, of this tree called Venice Turpentine, there is fome controverfie among Writers, fomealleadging it to be taken from the Firre tree, as Fufchim and others, and Matthiolus contending there againd, that of his owne knowledge and experience, it is onely taken from the Larch tree and no other, for no other Turpentine was to be had in the for- mertimes formany ages, becaufethe Merchants neglected to bring the true Turpentine ofthe Terebinthus Tur¬ pentine tree, and therefore this onely was ufed : and no other fort of Turpentine was fit to be taken inwardly in ftead ofthe true Pom the Turpentine tree, which we doeufually call ChwjffTurpentinefoecaufeas it is thoughc the beft is gathered in the Hand Cyprus, thofe about Trent as t^Iatthioltis faithllfc to call it Antsy!,derived as is likely from Laricea, yet Pliny, Cjalen, and others of the ancients have fet downe, that the Larch yeeldeth whitifhl yellow Rolfen, like unto the hony of Athens or Spaine,but in little quantitie and foone waxing drie, which is that Gumme or Roffen that fweatech out of the tree in Summer of its owne accord without boring : There is alfo fome controverfie and contrarietie both in the ancient and moderne Writers, concerning Agaricke, Tito [cor ides and Galen thinking it to be a toote, like unto that oiSilphium, yet doubting fomewhat thereof. T iofcondes faith that fome hold it to be a Mufhrome, or Excrefcence engendred from the rottenneffe ofthe trees, as Mulhromes ate from the earth. Pliny writeth, A£.i 6 .r, 8 .thatitwasfaidthatthofetrees,thatbareAcarnes in the coun- Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe i Chap, tries of trance, did beare Agaricke : andinhisas.Bookeand 9. Chapter, he faith that Agaricke was butaMufh- rome of a white colour, growing upon a tree about the Bojphorw, and in another place that it groweth upon the Cone-bearing trees, among the which the Larch tree is the chicfeft: whereby it is plaine, that the ancients did. not well know it. Brafavolm faith, that in riding neare Comalch, he found Agaricke upon diverfe Oakes, and in Specially upon Ilex or evergreene Oake, which faying Matthiolus contradifteth, faying that in all Tuskany, an d ; other places of Italy, as alfo in diverfe countryes of Germany, Carniola and Dalmatia which abound with all the kindes of Oake, he could never fee, nor l'o much as heare that any Agaricke grew on them ; but that he faw, diverfe other hard dry Mulhromes, both white and blacke called touchwood growing upon diverfe, wherewith: the people nfe to take fire, that the tleele and flint doe give, and ufe it in dead of Match to difcharge their fow¬ ling pecces with all. As alfo that he never faw Agarickegrowing upon any tree, but the Larch tree onely, i n all the mountaines of Trent and Anemia, where there be many Oakes growing, as well as Firres, Pines, and: Pitch trees, and Larch trees abundantly: yet many doe affirme there is growing in many places upon the bodies 1 of many trees a kinde of white Mufhrome, lo like unto Agaricke, that many millake it for Agaricke. The Vertues * There is in the leaves, barkc, and fruit of the Larch tree, the fame temperature that is in the Pine tree, the: Turpentine thereof taken to the quantitie of an ounce will gently open the belly, and move to the floole, provoke: urine, clenfe the reincskidnies and bladder, andhelpeth to breake and avoid the graved and [tone, and to give cafe to thole that have the gout: if it be firfl walked with Plantaine and Rofe water, then made into pills, with thepouderof white Amber, red Corall, Mafticke, anda little Camphire, it doth wonderfully helpe to (lay the: Gonorrhea or running of the reines, if they be taken for certaine dayes together, and taken limply fowled in Sugar 1 it helpcth it well: it is profitable alfo for the Ptificke or Confumption of the lungs,being taken with hony in an: Eleftuary, it helpeth to expeftorate rotten flegme, from thofe are troubled with a continuall cough ; the Turpen- ■ tine as it is the cleared for inwardufes, andferveth in dead of thetrue Turpentine, fo is it the bed alfo for out¬ ward falves, and doth both draw, clenfe and heale all fores or ulcers, either new or old, andgreene wounds alfo and therefore there isfearce any lalve made for ulcers and greene wounds, wherein Turpentine is not put, there": is likewife an oyle drawne chimically from Turpentine, which is lingular good to be ufed in wounds, being more a drying andconl'olidating than theTurpentine it felfe, as alfo to warme and eafe the paines of thejoyntsand (i- newes caufed of cold : the waterthat is diddled with the oyle, is ufed for freckles and fpots in the face, a fcruple: in waight of that water, taken in white wine procureth a vomite, thereby giving much eafe to luch as have their t: flomacks overcharged with flegme, the oyle is profitably afed-in hollow ulcers, being dropped into them, or a: tent dipped in it and put into the ulcer: it is good alfo for the wormesand deafcnelfe of the eares ufed with a ;i little Oxe gall: l'omeufe to mingle bay fait and Turpentine together, and therewith fpread a girdle of leather, and tie it about their wades that have an itch, which by wearing fome fmall time, will cure the itch that is fpread i over the bodie, as well as the hands. Agaricke is a medicine of frequent and familiar ufe, often by it felfe, but: mod commonly with other purgers, to open obftruftions of the liver, fpleene, and intralls, purging fieeme in ef- peciall, but in 'generall all othervitious humors, offending any member of the body, and becaufe it d'otblome-- what trouble the flomacke, and procure calling, it is ufually correfted with Ginger, and given withOximelll that is fyrupe made with vinegar and hony ; for it purgeth both thinne and rotten tough flegme, both yellow, hard, blacke, and burnt choller from the head and braine, from the bread and lungs, from the (lomacke, liver, and i fpleene, from the reines and blacke, and from the wombe, as alfo from the joynts, finewes and mufcles, and here : by helpeth to cure the difeafes that proceede from them,that is fuch as are’troublcd with the gout,dropfie and fal- • ling ficknefle, Jaundife,thc chollicke and hardneffe to make water,the fciatica or paine of the hips,the pale colour : in women caufed by the (laying of their courfes, the (hortnelfeof breath, the cough and confumption of the lungs, the fpitting of bloud, the paines of the mother, the (harpenefle of urine and the wormes: it is helpefull alfo to cure all forts of agues, either tertians orquotidiaus, to eafe the griping paines of the flomacke and belly, , or fuch as have had fades or bruifes, or are burden bellied, all which aflions it chiefely performeth, by purging thofe groffie and vicious humors that trouble the parts and members of the body, and are the caufes of all I thefe difeafes ; it is an antidote againfl all poifons, and cureth the bitings of Serpents very quickly, halfe a drame,, or two fcruples being taken in wine, either by the infufion or the pouder: for the other difeafes afore fpecified^ J a dramme diced, and put into a gentle purging decoftion but not violent, or into an infufion, is the mod generall ! manner of preparing it to be given ; if it be boyledinlye with other Gephalicallhelpes, it much comforteth the :l braine and memorie, and giddineffe of the head to be walhed therewith, as alfo helpeth today the rheumesand ll catatrhes thereof, and clenfcth it much from feurfe and dandrafte. Chap. XLIII. Ziv/phusJive Iujuba. The Iujube tree. Lthough in former times, there was but one fort of Iujube knowne, yet now we have two or three il which (hall be (hewed in this chapter. 1. ZU.yphusJive (tijuba major. The greater Iujube tree. The Iujube tree groweth fometimes to be very high, but more often to a reafonable height,ha¬ ving his flemme or body, bowed or crooked, and fpreading rather in breadth, the wood whereof is whitifh and hard, covered with a rugged barke, from whence fpread great branches, and from the lelferandi (lender whitifh twigges, about a foote long, full of leaves fet on both fides, not ufually dire&ly one againfl ano-:: ther, but one alittle above another, withanodde one at the end, each whereof is fmall, fomewhat broad and pointed at the end, dented or finely nicked about the edges, with long veinesin them, fmooth and lomewhad hard in handling,each (landing on a (hort foote (talke.and very like unto the leaves of fa/iuriti or Chrifls thorne:: T R I B E.2. The Theater of Plants. GHAP.43. Zhyphus five lujuba major* The greater lujube tree. at the foote of every leafe towards the toppes of the titfigges come forth* fmall yellowifh flowers, of five leaves a peece, where afterwards (land the fruite, which is fome- • what like unto a Irtiall Plumme or Olive, but a little long, greene at the firft, and then it is fomewhat harfh, and yel- lowifh after, but red and of a reafonable fweetenefle, yet flbarpe withall,and fomewhat clammy when they are ripe, flat as it were at the lower end, next the ltalke, whofe skin is thicker and harder than a plumme, and the done within it is fmall firme and folid, long,round and pointed like unto an Olive or Cornelian Cherry ftone, both for forme and hard- nefle ; all the branches both greater and finaller are armed with thorns,t wo al wayes at a j’oynt, wherof the one is long, ftrong, fharpe pointed andftaight, and the other crooked, both of them of ablackilh red colour, like unto the eider branches: the rootes are long and firme in the ground. 2. Zhyphusfive lujuba minor. Theleffer lujube tree. This letterlujube tree is very like unto the former, both ; for the forme of branches Jeaves and flowers, but lower and fmaller in all parts, the fruite alfo is alike, red when it is ripe, with fuch an hard firme Olive like done, as the for¬ mer, but the fruite hereof is fmaller and rounder, and not long like as the other is: it is as thickely and ftrongly armed with thomes though fomewhat fliorter than the other. 3 .Zhyphus five lujuba [y he fir is. The Wilde lujube tree. This low Wilde lujube tree groweth much lower, and more like a fhrubbe than the lalt, and more cruelly armed alfo with fmali fharpe thornes: the leaves are like but fmall, growing in the fame manner, but fewer on a twigge: the flowers are like the other, the fruite is round and red like the laft,and fomewhat leffer, but dryer of fubftance, not having fuch a pulpic fubftance as either of the former have, and more auftere even when it is ripeft. The Place t I The firfl: groweth naturally in Africa, Egypt, Arabia & Syria : & thofe more Eafterly Countries, fro whence as Tliny faith it was brought into Italy , and planted there in his time by Sextus Papinius , in the latter end of C*f*r Auoufius hfe i reigne, which now a dayes is very frequent, not onely in many gardens, and Orchards of Italy, but in ^Provence I of France alfo : it is fo tender that it leldome abideth long in our Country, becaufe it cannot endure the cold* •The other like wife was brought into Italy in thefe later times from Syria, where it is onely to be ieene, but with I a few that are lovers of rarities. 1 he laft groweth wilde, in the fieldea by the hedges, not farre from Verona, j aboundantly as Pona faith. The Time, They all fhoote forth in A prill (for none of them doe hold their leaves all the winter; and flower in May t i their fruite is ripe in September. The Names. It is called in Greeke (j(v$eL &r Zhypha &Zinzipha, of (folumella Ziziphus, of Clufius Ziziphus rutilaj ! of others Rubra and pumcea, and of the Arabians from whom the Apothecaries tooke it \ujube, and fodoe Lobel ' ana Pena.j Anyfiillara tninketh it to be the Lotus of Athanaus , as alfo the Lotus of Theophrafius, that "rew in the [| Ifland Pharts, mentioned in lib. 4, c. 4. which is moll likely, for it hath a dented leafe as he laith like unto Ilex j i whereunto this is more like, than the leafe of the Lotus arbor, whereof I have made mention in my formed - booke. Some doe thinke that this fruite is that which Galen in 2, alimentorum calleth Serica , and unto this opi“ i nion many doe adhere, elpecially becaufe Avicen entreating of Iujubes calleth them Serica, for his title is thus, • l)cliijiwis iaeft Sericfi, yet it is no other likely, but that he was miftaken, for many worthy and learned men, doc : doubt or it: but Pliny maketh mention of Sericum, before Galens time, in his 15. booke aryl 14. chap, to be one of the kinc es of Tuberes (which W’CtiketohtNuciperficaJVeflorins, for in his 16. booke 25. chap. Ik recko- neth the Tuberes, with the Almonds, Peaches, and Apricocks, as if they were all of one kindred, and in his 17 1 booke and 10. chap, he faith that the Tuberes, are beft grafted on the W ilde Plumme &c.and therefore it is likd- ly he thought them of that kinde ofPlummes) of the colour of raw filke (and we have a yellow NePlorin neere 1 unto that colour) whereof came the namejwhich’maketh me thinke that Galen his S ericum faouid not differ from | Phnyes, feeing they lived not any long time, one before the other inRome, and therefore the name could not bee 1; there altered : for Cjalen rather allowing ofthofe things that were conduciblc to medicine, (and we know that Iujubes are fo) then of fuch as did pleafe the palate onely,as 'NeHorins are, and were fit and dtfired of wari- i ton women and children onely as he faith, did not greatly commend the fruite for any good to the bodies health, j yet I verily thinke, and of this opinion is (fornarius alfo, that his and P liny e s Seric uni are all one. And although Matthiolus feemeth to finde fault with Plinye his booke to be falfe,in naming but one fort of Zhyphus ,and two of : the Tuberes, when as Columella , *Avicen, and Sethi , make two forts of Zhyphus , yet afluredly their other white lS ^° 0< ? ° nely t0 footed beafts, in the fame manner that Oleander doth. The other Cord^ in his hiflory of plants maketh mention of, and calleth it lujuba minor , and whichmaketh me to thinke it to bee a ' ; Tubcr a 1: is very probable to be the Paliurus Jfricanm of Theophrafttts , and the Zhyphus fylveflris of Luyfinnenjis for, ft I I®;:' if! M. . Bl a? !■ i* > 212 GHAP.ij.4, 7 'beatrum Fotanicum. Tribe 2. for I thinke he knew not the next hereunto which I call fylveftris, and is called Zi^yphui fylvefh-is alio of Came- rariufyOf Lobel & Pena lujuba fyfaefirjs. who think it to be Rhamntu altera or Paliurm Theophrafii, mentioned in his 4. booke and 4. chap, of Iohanncs Pona in the delcription of Mom r Baldns Cham^^izypha and Zyzypha fylve- firis. The Arabians call it ffo^wand Hanab, and Zufalz, of the Italians Cuggiole i the Spaniards zAzufeofa&~ jicofeifo , the French Iujubet and of fome Guindotiles, the Cjermanes Rothnfibeere t and Ertffibeer/in, the Tiutche Jujuben and in Snglijb Iujubes, ■ The Vert ties. The Iujubes (efpecially while they are frefli much more than being dry) doe open the body and gently purge choller, and denfe the blood.thus faith Aquarius and Simeon Sethi , yet c JMatthwlns following the opi¬ nion of Avicen, denyeth that they have any purging quality in them at all: all authors doe agree, that they coole the.heate and (harpenefle of the blood, and therefore good in hot agues, and doe helpethem that have a cough, to expe&orate tough flegme, and is good for the other difeafes of the chefts and lungs,as fhortnefle of breath, hot diftillations,&c. proceeding from hot humors; it is alfo to good purpofe ufed to den fe the raines and the blad¬ der from gravell, which it perform-eth by the vifcuous quality in them, in making the pa (Pages flippery, and the gravell and (tones to avoyd the more eaiily, they alfo (lay vomitings procured by fharpe humours; but they are hard of difge(tion,and doe not eaiily palfe out of the ftomack,being eaten either frefii or dryed, they are therefore ufed in deco&ions alwayes with other things, fit and convenient for thofe griefes aforefaid. Chap. XLIIII. 1. CMyxosfive Sebefien. The Sebeden or Affyrian Plum. Scbefiw. The Scbeftcn or AlTuian Plum. SslHe Sebeden tree groweth fomewhat lower then the Plum tree, covered with a whitifhbarke, the branches arc greene, whereon grow rounder thicker and harder leaves then they •, thebloflomes are J T white confiding of five leaves a peece,growing many together on a long dalke, which afterwards glfggf tume into fmall Berries rather then Plums, or a blackifh greene colour when they are ripe, every ^ ~ one danding in a little cup,of a fweete tafte, and glutinous or clammy fubdance, and a very thicke skinne: within which lyeth a threefquare hard done,with a thicke (hell and a fmall kernell: thefc are gathered and laid in the Sunne whereby they gr«w wrinkled, and fo they are kept, and brought over unto ns in boxes. 3. SebefienJylvefirie. The wilde Sebeden. The wild Sebeden is in all things like the other,but that it groweth lower, more like unto a hedge bufh,and with letter and thinner leaves; the dowers and fruit are alike but lette. The Place. The fird groweth in Sjria&nd is but planted in Egypt, as Alpintti faith, and from thence weie brought into Italy , in 1 ‘liny his time, which were grafted on the Service tree, and do now grow in many places there in their Orchards : It is fo tender, not enduring the cold with us, that wee can as hardly keepe it, ascaufe it to fpring, the (hell of the done being (o thicke and the kernell fo fmall: The o- ther as Alps*** feemech to averre, is naturall of Egypt. The Time . They dower in c Jhlay y and the fruit is gathered in Sep - tentber. The Names. The tree is called in Greeke y-vZ,©- and the fruit uoi'ct and yoEaetct a muccofofruttws lent ore \ enim muc- cumfignificat) in Latincmjxos for the tree, and Myxa and Myxana for the fruit : it is thought as Ruellins faith that the Syrians in honour of Augttfiw, called them Sebafi*, from whence the Arabians called them Sebefien ; and the Apothecaries in their (hops ufe that name oncly. The Vert ties. The Sebedens by the judgement of both Arabians and Greekes doe open the body in the fame manner, or ra¬ ther more by reafon of the muccilagines in them, then Damaske prunes, yet more while they are greene, and lette when they are dry, yetthedecoftionofthem, or the infudon of them in broth,although dryed and taken whole worketh edeftually, which Fufcbiui denyeth, affirming that they binde rather; they ferve to coole any intern*! perateheate of the ftomack or liver ; and therefore are good in hot agues, and to purge choller whereof they* come: Matthiolm laith that he hath often found by his experience, that ten drams or twelve at the mod of the 1 pulpe of Sebedens, taken from the skins and (tones, worketh as well and to as good purpofe, as thepulpeof Coffin Fifitila ; they are very effedhiall alfo to lenificthe hoarfeneffe and roughnefle of the throate: they helpc the cough and wheefing of the lungs, and didillations upon them, by lenifying the paifages and caufing much flegme to be avoyded: they alfo give eafe to them that are troubled with paincs in their (ides, and mervelouflyl helpeth them that are troubled with the fharpeneffe of their urine, proceeding from choller or fait flegme *:« the Tribe i. The Theater ofTlantes. Chap. 45. zf|i they alfo drive forth the long wormes of the belly. There is a kinde of Birdlime made of thefe fruites.by boylih^ them a little in water to take away their skinnes and Hones, and after boyling them more to a confluence, thg which as Matthiolae faith was ufed at to catch birds, but Alpinus faith they ufe it in Sgypt , as a plailtes & 'diffolve hard tumors or fwellings. Chap, XLV. Rnfcui. Butchers Broome. He firfi (hootes that fproute from the roote of Butchers Brome are thicke whitifh and fbotfs fomewhat like unto thofe of Alparagus, but greater, which in fome places are eaten in the lam* manner that Afparagus fhootes are; thefe riling up to be a foote and and a hulte high ate Ipreaa into diverfe branches, greene andfome- what crefted with the roundncs,tough, pliant, and flexible, whereon are fee dome what broad and almoft round, hard leaves, fharpe and prickely pointed at the ends, of a darke greene colour, and fomewhat like unto Mirtle leaves, two for the mod part fet at a place , very clofe or neare together : about the middle of the leafe on the backe or lower fide from the middle ribbe break- eth forth a fmall whitifh greene flower confiding of foure fmall round pointed leaves, Handing upon a very fhort or no foote dalke,and in the place whereofcom- meth a fmall round berry green at the firft,and red like an Afparagus berry when it is ripe, but greater wherein are two or three white hard round feedes contained: the roote is thicke, white, and great at the head, and from thence fendeth forth diverfe thicke, long tough white firings. The “Place, This groweth generally throughout this hand, in copies, and upon heathes and wade grounds, and of¬ tentimes under or neare the Holly bufhes. The time. It (hooteth forth his yong buds in the Spring, and the berries arc ripe about September,the branches and leaves abiding greene all the winter, The Names It is called in Greek!? f* f m Oxymyrfinc,i. acuta Myr- (ylvefLis,( but there is another Myrttu fylveflrU accounted of among the ancients, which is like unto the tame or manured kinde jjand Pliny in his 1 s. Booke and 7. Chapter, confoundeth both thefe together, in giving to the one the faculties of the other .) wte-wtS* Mytthacantha , Myrtus jpinofa, p. v .!. Marinafpina, and of Theephrafus Ccntromyrrbine, Pliny faith they called it Chama myrjine, . and Acaron or rather Actron which is one of their badard names,of the tatmes Rufats and Rufcum, in theApothe- caries fhops'Sr»/ca<,andof fome as Marce/lut faith Scopa regia. The Arabians Scrapio, and others fowly erred in calling the berries’hereof Cubebe ,which are certaine aromaticall graines or berries like unto Pepper, but with a (mall point or end. RueUias tranfiation of “Diofcoriics Greeke coppie is faulty herein, that he faith the berries hang downe from the leaves, when as the Greeke words are, it hath round berries in the middle of the leafe, which Theoph rajhtt confirmeth in his?. Bookeand 17.Chapter, faying it is proper as Well to Law us ALxan - Aria as Rufous to beare the finite on the leafe. The Italians call it Rafco and “Pongitopo, as if you would lay Pricke- moiifo, even as the Germans doe Xlneffdorn ,and both from the Greeke c Marina jpina yaodarcendi, mu- ribas afalfa carne appenfa circumligetur-. the Spaniards call it M bartx & Gilbarbeyra: the French Bats piquant, the “Dutch Scekende palmre : and we in Englifli Kneeholme and Butchers Broome, The Vermes, Hyfuis, Butchwi Broome* The rootes and leaves of Batchers Broome arc hot in the fecond degree,and dry in the firft with fome tenuitic of parts "the'young fhootes are eaten like unto AfparagU3,but bccaufe they are more bitter,they are rather tiled Phy* iically, and are very profitable to open obftru and to amend the ftrong fmell thereof,and is one of the five opening diureticall rootes in the Apothecaries fhoppes,helping to expell gravell and the ftone s ftrangury, and womens monethly courfes by drinking the decoftion of the rootes made with wine; the lame alfo helpeth the yellow jaun dies, and the head a<;h, and with fomefugaror hony put thereunto helpeth to ex-* peftorate flegmc, and to clenfe the cheft of much clammy humours gathered therein: Diofccrtde j attributeth to the leaves & berries the fame effefts: yet fome doubting of the operation hereof to fuch purpofes as afore is faid, do hold it to be as effeftuall in knitting and confolidating of broken bones and parts out of joync,as Solomons realc Comfric or the like, to drinke the decoftion of the rootes, and apply them poultis wife unto the affetfed place. The pliant twigges or ftalkes with leaves ferved in former times for many ufes, to binde their vines or otnet things, as Virgil his Vcr fes doe teftifie in the fecond of his g eorgk ks in thefe w or ds* 1 Ch AP.t]-6. 7 heatrum 'Botanic um. R1BE 2. - -Nec non etiam a [pera Rufci y Vimina per fjlv am y & ripis fluvialis arundo. Cedatur; and to preferve hanged meate from Mife eating, from whence came the Italian name of Pongllofi.tnd for to make Broomes to iweepethehoufe, from whence came the name of Scoparrgia, but the Kings “chamber is by revo¬ lution of time turned to the Butchers flail, for that a bundle of the ftalkes tied together, ferveth them to clenfe their Halles, and from thence have we our Hnglilh name of Butchers Broome. Chap. XLVI. Sefamum. The oyly purging Pulfe Sefamum. S His plant upon the firft fpringing thereof from the feede, rifeth up with foure fmalllong and fomewhat broad leaves,betweene which come forth other, that when they are full growne, are as large and long as the great Nightfliade leaves, but fome deepelier dented than others,and even almoft tome; eipecial- ly at the lower end of the leafe next theftalke, each ftandingona long footeftalke: the ftalke rifeth from among the lower leaves, being ftraight, thicke, fat, ftrongand round, two or three foote high; from whence fhoote forth on all fides (if itobtainea ftrong fat ground, andawarme place,) diverfe ftalkes of leaves like unto the other, ( or elfe abideth bare or without branches ) twoforthemoft part fet at a joint, and at each joynt of the Safatium. The oyly purging pulfe Sefamum. ftalke up to the toppe, commeth forth one flower, of a whitifh colour, which is fomewhat long like vnto a Bell flower, made of one leafe without divifion at the edges, having a few long threds at the bottome, not riling fo high, that they may be feene without opening the flower: after the flowers arc paft, there come up in their ftcede, fmall long hard cods, having three or foure or five ribbes or creftes, which doe open t.hemfelves into fo many parts, having in each part fmall whitifh yellow flat feedes lying therein: the roote is fomewhat great and long, with many firings and fibres at it, taknig as faft hold in the ground, as a Sowthiftle doth : both leaves, ftalkes, and feedes arc very bitter while they are greene, that cattle will not touch them, but being dried they become more plealant for them to eate : and the feede becommeth more oyly than Lin- feede, from whence is prefled forth a whitifh oyle, very fweete while it is frefh, and will not in along time decay or grow ftronger. The P lace. It grovveth naturally in the Indies and other Eafterly coun¬ tries, but is onely fowen in the fields, of Syria , Egypt , Sicily y CandyjGreece^nd other places there abouts,it is tobe had but in the gardens of lovers of rare plants in all Italy , neither in the tranfalpine countries: the Apothecaries in our land doe feldome ufe either feed or oyle,few or none of them ever faw the feede, much lefl'e the plant. The Time. Itfloweth not untill July, andripeneth not the feede until! September. The Names. It is called cUmf/ov and o-I&tuY) in Greeke, and Sefamum and Sefama in Latine of all Writers thereof. /llpinw faith it is called in Egypt Sempfcm, the oyle thereof Syrii ,and the footand grounds of the oyle Thaine. All Authours almoft doe number it among the graines and cornes, as a kinde thereof, and not of the pulfe, which doe all for the moft part beare cods, yet of diverfe fafhions, but why they fhould doe fo, I cannot conceive any other reafons, than that it was put into bread as Poppy feede was, the feede being fomewhat like unto Millet, and that it was fowen in the fields,as other graine and pulfe were; for Theophrajlus in diftinguifhing the kinds of graine, lib. 8 .cap i .ma- keth^.forts, the firft wheate, barly, &c.the fecond beanes,peafe &c. the 3, Millet, Panicke and Sefamum } where¬ of come bearcth fpik< sorearcs, pulfe beare cods, and thofe that are like Millet, Panicke, &c. doe beare a juba or maine, for fohe calleth thatreede-like tuft or bufliy feather like toppe which the Millet and Panicke doe beare, and fetteth downe Sefamum omong them : now Sefamum hath no fuch bufhy feather toppe as Panicke or. Millet, or as the like have, but rather fcverall cods as the pulfe, allthough in differing manner ; but Galen in primo ■AlmentorTi doth number it among the pulfes,and faith it was in his time eaten of many as pulfes are. 'Bellonius in the 29. Chapter of his third booke of Obfervations,fetteth downe the manner of making the oyle of Sefamum y which if any be defirous to know, I referre him to the Author. The yertues. The feede and oyle of Sefamum are all of one qualitie and temperature, being neere the fecond degree of heate and moifture, both mollifying and diffolving: but the leaves efpecially u'hile'they are greene, are more cooling* fit to reprefle the inflammations and griefes of the eyes, by way of fomenting them, the feede is taken inwardly in decoftions or other way es, or ufed in glifters to loofen the belly, when it i? bound or pained by the chollicke, , which T R I B E. 2 . The Theater of 'Plants. c hap .47. 255 which it worketh by his undfuous or oylie quality, and therefore the oyle is often ufed fort™ fame purpofa^~ I both 7 Tiofcorides and Galen fay that it troubleth and ovcrturneth the ftomack,by realon of hi, undluofity,and doth hardly diged with them chat eate it, yeeldeth a groffe nourilhmcnt unto the body, and fiileth it up with fat fleflr ! quickly : it caufeth a fttnking breath becaufe it often dicketh in the teeth when it is eaten, whereby itisofftn- ' five : Alfinns faith that the Egyptians ufe the decoblion of the feede, to thofe that are troubled with the cough, i the (hortneffc ofbreath, the pleurefie or hard fcirrhous fwellings of the liver, and Mefues faith, it lenifieth the 1 roughneffe or hoarfeneffe of the throat,and voyce, making it cleare and free of paine: it enreth the bicings of the Ihorned ferpent Cerattes, and eafeth the paines of the head, proceeding of the heateof thefunne : the decoftion of both herbe and feedes with fome honye, is very profitable for women to fit in whole wombes are hard or fwollen, and to bring do wne their courfes when they are flayed, as alfo to Wafh their heads, that are much trou¬ bled with dandraffe, or feurfe, or dry fcabbes: the herbe or feede ftayeth vomiting taken in an eg venJMcfues faith alfo that the feede or oyle doth fatten the body, and encrealeth fperme- The oyle is of great ule and eflebl toanoint the face or hands; or any other part of the body, toclenie the skinne, and to take away funburning, morphe w, freckles, fpots or fearres or any other deformities of the skinne, proceeding of melancholy : it is food alfo to anoint any pirtfealded or burnt with lire : ithelpcth thofe finewes that are hard or fhrunse, or thole veines that are too great. Theleede was in ancient times much ufed in bread for torelifhand make it fweetcr as alfo in cakes with honey as Poppie feed was. ’ Chap. XLVII. Iris, The Flowerdeluce. Here are fo many forts of Flowerdeluces.that to (hew you them all here againe (having deferibed them all exaftly in my former booke) would make this booke, too voluminous, I mull therefore referre you thereunto,and give you here lome deferiptions and figures with the vertues. 1. frit major latifoUa, The greater broade leafed F lo werdeluce. This Flowerdeluce hath many heads of very broad and flat greene leaves endofing or foul- ding one another at the bottome, and after divided in funder with thinne edg« on both ides like a fword and thickcfl in the middle: from the middle of lome of thefe heads of leaves rifieth ip a round [tide [hike two or three foote high bearing at the toppeone two or three large flowers out of everall hnskes or skinnes confiding of nine leaves, three whereof fall downe, having a freeze neere the lottomes,. three other fmaller than they bowed or arched cover the bottomes or the falling leaves, each of :hem divided at the ends and turning up a little, and three other the larged of them all Hand upright but bow hemfelvcs a little that they may all for the mod part meete tog ether at their toppes or ends: infome white Iru major Utifolia, The greater broad leafed Flowerdeluce. 2. lrit major aiguftifelia. The greater narrow leafed Flowerdeluce. T R i b E 2 . The Theater of Tlants. C'HAP.47. 257 in others blew or purple, or blackifh purple fpotted, and iii others of fuch varietie of mixture in colouf, that it is admirable, as you may fee in my former bookc, where I am too copious to bee here expreffed, and therefore mull: referre you thereunto : thefeedeise:iclofed inthicke fhort pods, being fiat, and lying in rawes clofeone upon another: the roote is tuberous fhooting forth on all Tides the like knobs. 2, Jrbt majorangtiftifolla. Narrow leafed Flowerdeluce. This other fort of the greater FIowerdeluces,differeth not in roote,leafe,flower or feede from the former, but in having che leaves narrower than it,and the flowers to be various as the former yet not fo much. 5. I rii biflora Lr'fetanica. Portingall Flowerdeluce. This alfo hath no greater differenceto diffinguifh it than that it will fomerimes flower twife ayeare, and the flowers fometimes have 11 leaves, 4 falling downe, 4 (landing up, and 4 arcred to cover the falls. 4. Chama iris latifolia, Broad leafed dwarfe Flowerdeluce. The dwarfe kinds likewife grow both in roote,leafe,flower and feede like unto the greater kindes in all refpeffs except the lo wnefle.for fome will fcarfe rife above a foote high,others not hal fe a foote,an d (ome fcarle fo high, as their leaves, which in this fort is broader, in others narrower: the flowers alfo varying in colour one from another,but not mixed with that variety that is in the former. 5. Xyris five Spatula fattida. Stinking Gladwin. The (finking Gladwin is one of the kindes of wilde Flo wcrdecluces, both in forme and propert'e, as I faid be¬ fore, and therefore muff be numbred among them. It hath diverie leaves riling from the rooces, very like unto a flowerdeluce, but that the leaves are fharpe edged on both fides, andthickerin the middle,of adeeper greene colour, narrower alfo and (harper pointed than the leaves of moft of the Flowerdeluces, and of a llrong or evil! fent, if they be rubbed or bruifed betwixt the fingers: in the middle rifeth up a reafonable llrong flalke three foote high at the leaft, bearing three or foure flowers at the toppe, made fomewhatlike the flower ofa Flowerdeluce, having three upright leavfcs,ofa dead or fallen purplifh afh colour, with fome veines difcoloured in them, the other three doe not fall downe, nor the three other fmall ones are not fo arched, nor cover the lower leaves, as thofe doe in the Flowerdduce.but (land loofe or a funder from them-■ after they are pad, there come up three fquare hard huskes, opening wide into three parts wHfen they are ripe, wherein lye reddifh feede, and turning blacke, when it hath abiden long : the roote while it is young is but fmall, and full of firings, but being growne older they are greater, and fafhioned like unto a Flowerdeluce roote, but reddifh on the outfide and whitilh within, very fharpe and hot in tafle, and of as evill a fent as the leaves. 6. Irii bulbofa latifoliaprima £ 7 nrjw. The firft broad leafed bulbed Flowerdeluce of Clufim. ThiskindeofFlowerdelucehathdiverfelongfomewhat broad and hollow i (h leaves not fliffe like the other forts but fofr, greenifh on the upperfide, and whitilh underneath : among which rifeth up one flalke and fome- 6. iris bulbofa prima latifolia Clufii. 8 . Iris bulbofa minor (ivc av*uflifolid. Clufias hisfirft bulbed Flowerdeluce with broad leave*. The IcfTer bulbed Flowerdeluce. times X-8 Chap. 47. Tbeatrum 'Botanicum. Tribe 2. times more,notabovehalfea foote high, bearing attheir toppesone flower apeece.and feldome more, fome- , what like unto a Fowerdeluce, confiding of nine leaves, whereof thofethree that ftand upright are fhorter.and more doted together than in others,the three that fall down turnc up their ends a little, and thofe three that in o- thers doe cover the falls at their botromes.ftand like the upright leaves in other F lowdeluces, and are parted into two ends like unto two eares: the colour of the flowers is blew,cither paler or deeper, or white, which is more rare, fmelling very fweete; the roote is round and white under the blackifh coates that cover it, having fundry long white rootes in fleede of fibres like unto an AfphodiU, 7. Jrie bulbofa major Anglica. The greater bulbed Flowerdeluce. This hath five or fixe long hollowifh or guttured whitifh greene leaves, broader than in any of the leffer forts; among which rifeth up a diffe round Aalketwo foote high fometimes, at the toppe whereof, out of a skinnie huske breaketh forth one or two flowers confiding of nine leaves likewife, handing in the fame manner that the former forts doe,but each ofthe falling leaves have a yellow fpotneere their bottomes, and the three upright leaves are fmall, and narrow at their bottomes but broad upwards: the colour whereof is all blew, purple, or white, or mixed very variably,as is in my booke exprefled: the heads for feede arc fmaller than the former, and lb is the feede, and not fo flat: the roote ot this is ufually greater than in the other fmaller bulbous forts with long haires or threds, in the outer browne coates which are not in the others. 8. Iris bulbola minor five anguflifolia Hifpanica, The teller bulbed Flowerdeluce. This leffer fort groweth in the fame manner that the greater doth, but hath narrower long pointed leaves: the flowers likewife are fmaller,fhorter and rounder than in the other, but of the fame falhion, and vary much more in the diverfuie of their colours than it the feedes arc fmaller, and the pods longer and flenderer, and the roote alfo fmaller,but moreencreafing in bulbcs. j The Place. The Flaggesor Flowerdeluces here mentioned as well as the bulbous kindes grow in diverfe Countries as Africa, Greece, Italy, and France, and lome in Germanic, and in our owne Countrie, but are chiefely nurfed up.in their gardens that are lovers of filch delights; the Gladwm groweth as well upon the upland grounds, yet in moyft places, as in woods and lhaddowie places by the feafides in many places of this land,and is continually nur¬ fed up in gardensjyet in paticular you may finde it growing, by a foote path, not far from the hither end of Dart, ford towne in Kent-ns alfo neere to ICentifh towne, which is hard by London, if it be not digged up and carryed away, for 1 doe verily thinke, it is not naturall in that pjace, but fome feede by chance, hath beene brought a- mong the foyle, whereby it grew there. 'Tie Time, The dwarfe kinds of Flagge,Flowerdeluces flower in April/, the greater in tMaj, and the bulbous forts not un¬ till Jane, the Gladwin flowrEth later than any Flowerdeluce doth, that is to fay not untill Inly, and the feede is ripe in the end of Augufl, or in September, yec the huskes after they are ripe opening of themfelves, will hold their feedes within them for 2 or 3 moncths, and not fhed them. The Names. The greekes call it Vds as alfo r ids drie and FUeris,quafi facra, which made Cjaxat finding it fo written in fome coppies of Theophraftw, to tranflate it Coafecratrix ; but it was called frit, a csleflii arew Jimilitttdinc, quant floret ejus reprefenumt, from the Rainbow whofe various colours the flower thereof doth imi cate,the old ignorant age made a difference be-tweene Iris and Ireos, according to the Latine verfe extant thereof, which is this, Iris pttr. pttretimfloremgerit Ireos album. The Iris tuberofa, which is a peculiar kinde, asyoufhall finde it in my former booke, is called of Matthiolus Hermodattylus vents, becaufe the rootes are like unto fingers,and from him diverfe did fo call it, but molf erronioully: for a while Dodonnts tooke it to be a kind of wild Flowerdeluce, and that tru¬ ly: yet fome did take it to be Lonchitis prior of Diofcorides: the Arabians call ic Afmemjmi or Ajerjfa,the Italians iridc & Giglio azttrro c r celefle, the Spaniards Lirii cardeno, the French Flambe,the Germanes Gilgan and IlirnmcL fchwertol ; but why Lobelft iould call the I ris bulbofa Anglica by the name of Hyacinthus poet arum, I fee no reafon for ic hath none of thofe mourning markes are in the Iris, nor is it of the forme of a I.illy. Gladwin is called in Greeke Xyris ob foliiflmilitHdinem ejuaflraforiumcttltrHm, ant mvaculum direr is, and in latine Spatula or Spathula faetida, for Spntha is taken fora (word as Gladiumia, andforthat the leaves being bruifed fmellvery ftrong, his denomination in Latine and Eng!iflt, hath rifen futable thereunto: Theophraftas callerh it Iris agria, Tragns'm miftaking it,did take it tohe Gladiolus, the Arabians call it Caforas, the Italians Spatola fattida, the French Glatent puant, the Germanes Wende/ettfkrant, The VertHcs. • All theFlowerdelucesefpecially the Flagge kindes are very neereof one quality, but of the bulbous kindes I finde no Author ro write, or experience to teach whether they be of the fame or differing propertie. The juyee : or the dccoflion of the greene rootes of the Flag Flowerdeluce, with a little honey drunk,doth purge and clenfe : the Aomack of groffe & tough flegme and choller that lyeth therein, which might be the caufe of diverfe aguesjit helpeth the laundife alfo,and the dropfie, by evacuating thofe humors both downwards and upwards; and be- , caufe it doth fomewhat hurt the Aomack,it is not to be given but with honey & Spiknard-.the fame being drunk, doth eafe the paines and torments, or wringing of the belly, andfides, the fhakings of agues, the difeafes of : the liver and fpleene, the wormes of the belly, the done in theraines, convulfions or crampes that come of cold ! humors,by warmingthem and comforting the parts; as alfo helpeth thofe whofe feede pafleth from them una- a wares or unwillingly, yet as one faith, it doth confume and waAe it very much alfo; and is a remedy againA the bitings and ftingings of venemous creatures, being boyled in water and Vinegar and drunke: the fame rootes 3 being boyled in wine and drunke provoketh urine, helpeth the collicke, bringeth downe womens defired lick- 1 neffe, and made up into a peffary with honey, and put up into thebody, draweth forth the dead childe : it is much i: commendedpgainA the cough, to caufe tough flegme to be the more eafily extenuate, and to be expefforate and 1 fpit forth; and therefore the D iaireos in the Apothecaries (hoppes, either in the powder, or made into a Lohoc ot : licking Eleftuary, is cffeauall for the fame purpofe; it conduceth much to eafe the paines in the head, and to pro- r cure fleepe and re A: being applyed with rofewaterrofecake and vinegar, tohelpe watering eyes, by clenfing the moyft fharpe humors, and drying them up: being put up into the Noftrils, it procureth neelings, and thereby) Tribe %. The Theater of‘Plantes. Chap. 4j_8. 2ie> alio purgeth the head very much of flegme :the Juice of the root applyed to the Piles or the Hemorrhoides, giveth much eafe : and for the Dropfie, an Eleftuary made of the juice thereof, with other things in this manner, is held very effeduall: Take of Galanga, and of Zcdoarie, of each two drams, of Cinamon and Cloves of each one dram and a halfe, of the leaves of Sea Bindweede called SoldaneUa in the Apothecaries fhoppes, halfe an ounce; make thefe into pouder, and with fo much hony, wherein three drams of the juice of the rootes of Flower - deluces hath beene boyled, and isfufficient, make them up into an Eleftuary ; whereof halfe an ounce taken in the morning fading, for divers dayes will doe much good: it doth alfo wonderfully helpe the paines and fwellings ofthe cods in this manner, Take foure drams of the pouder oftherootes thereof, of Cinamon and of Dill,ofcachtwo drams,of Saffron one fcruplc, mix thefe well together and apply them to the cods,being firft laid upon a fcarlet cloth, moidned in whitewine, and warmed in a difh, over a Chafing difh with quick coalcs there¬ in : the decoflion of the rootes gargled in the mouth eafeth the toothach, and aftrongor dinking breath: the oyle called Oleum Irimm, if it be rightly and truly made of the flowers of the great broad Flagge Flowerdeluce, of what colour I thinke it greatly mattereth not (bur not of the flowers of the greater blew Englifh bulbous Flowerdeluce, as I know fome Apothecaries have and doe ufe) and rootes of the fame forts of Flowerdeluces, is very effeduall to warme and comfort all cold joynts and finewes, as alfo the Gout and Sciatica,and mollifiethj dilTolveth and confumeth tumours or fwellings, although they be fcrophulous in any part of the body, as alfo ' of the matrix: Ithelpeththe Crampe andConvulfion of the finewes, warming them, and helping to extend them; the head and temples annointed therewith, helpeth the Catarrhe or thin Rheume diddling from thence ■ and tiled upon the bread or ftomick helpeth to extenuate the tough cold flegme, making it eafie to befpit out- ithelpeth alfothe paines and noyfe in the eares, and the dench or evill favour of the nodhrills; it giveth alfo * much eafe unto the painefull Piles: The roote it felfc either greene or in pouder, helpeth to clenle,heale and in¬ carnate wounds, and to cover with flefh the naked bones, that ulcers have made bare, and is alfo very good to clenfe and heale up Fidulaes and Cankers, that are hard to be cured: divers doe ufe to beatethe greene rootes, and fo apply them to the face or other parts, but it is better tyed in a faire linnen cloth, and laid for a day and a nigh in faire or Rofe water, with which water you may wet or moiden the skin of the face,hands or neck, that are funburned or deformed with the Morphew, black or blewmarkes or fcarres, or any other dilcolouring of the skinne, but thev that ufe it had neede to take heede that they ufe it not too drong, nor let it lie on too long, but rather wafh it offagaine with faire water, within two or three houres after it hath beene ufed : 1 he dryed rootes called Orris, being beaten either alone of themfelvcs into pouder, or with other fweete things, are ufed to be layd in preffes,cheds and wardrops, to fweeten and perfume garments of linnen,and filke efpecially, and all things that you will put it to, and thus much of the Flowerdeluce. But there are but few that have written of the Gladwin,or that have remembred the purging qualitie therein, yet many of our country people in many places.doc with the decoflion of the rootes purge themfelves, and thereby avoyd much corrupt tough flegme and choller: yet fome that will not have it worke fo ftrongly, doe but infufethe diced rootes in Ale Jand fome take the leaves which ferveth well for the weaker and tender domacks: the juice hereof proctireth fneezing,be¬ ing put up or fnuffed up into the nofe, and draweth downe from the head much corruption, and the poudee thereof doth the lame : the pouder alfo drunke in wine helpeth thofe that are troubled with Crampes and Con- vulfions, orwiththeSciaticaorGoute,and giveth cafe to thofe that have any griging paines in their body or bellyand helpeth thofe that have the Strangurie, that is, that cannot make their water, but by drops: it is with much profit alio given to thofe that have had long Fluxes by the lharpe and evill qualities of humors, which it flayethhaving firlt denied and purged them, by the drying and binding propertie therein, even as Rubarbe and fome other fuch like things doe; the roote procureth womens monethly courles very effeftually, if it bee drunk after it hath beeneboyled in wine, and fome of them Ihredand boyled in wine and vinegar, in equall parrs, that fhee may fit over the hot fumes, being clofe covered untill it grow neare cold: the roote ufed as a pellane, worketh the fame effefl, but in women with child it caufeth Abortion,that is,the delivery afore the due time's the feed beaten to pouder and taken to the quantity of halfe a dram in w ine,helpeth thofe that cannot make water very effeftually .-the fame taken with vinegar difolveth both thehardneffe dr the tumors of the fpleenc:the root is very efteftuall in all wounds.and fpecially of the head,as alfo to draw forth any fplintersjthornes^roken bones,ot any other thing flicking in the flefh without caufing any paine, ufed with a little Verdigreafc and hony, and the great contory roote : the fame alfo boyled in vinegar and layd upon any hard tumors, doth very effeftually dlilTolve and confume them, yea even thofe fwellings of the throate, called the Kings Evill: the juice of the leaves and rootes is profitably ufed to heale the itch ; and all running or fpreading fcabs or fores, and blemiflies or fcarres in the skinne: fome doe fuppofe by the fharpeneffe of the tafte in the roote (efpecially more then in the feede, which is more drying) that it hath as well a corrofive as opening quality therein : fome alfo doe appro- i priate ittotheeffeflsofthe chelts and lungs,for which the Irisor Flowerdeluce is more proper and effeffuall: i fome alfo to (lay the involuntary paffage of the fperme,following Pliny therein: and fome alfo to heale the he- j iporrhoides, and others the difeales ofthe fundament: it is thought alfo to bee effeduall again!! the poyfon of i Serpents ;and thus much for the (linking Glad win. Chap. XLVIII. Cmctufive C»rthamw. Ballard or Spanifh Saffron. a Lthough thefe forts of Cmcut might well be placed among the Thiflles, as other Authors doe,and ’ with thefe that other wilde kind, called Attrattrlti, but becaufe thefe onely have purging quali¬ ties ; 1 thought it bell thus to feparate them.and intreate of thefe in this place, I. (fiviCtiifive Cartkttmw fativw. The manuredbaflard Saffron. The manured batlard Saffron hath fundry large leaves lying next the ground, without any pricks, or with very few white ones at the corners of the leaves and divifions,among which rifeth a llrong _ c _r_ io-l. i_u —:—n _—- i—/u. Ul Wiuivcry rew WWlLCUUta dUUViuiiivrawi iiivi'.avwanuu 1 Yiuuiu,auwiii; w URll l lis-iii a tuuiig hard round ftalke three or fonts foote high, branching it felfe up to the top, bearing fhorter leaves, lharpe poin¬ ted. 26 o Chap. 48 Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe 1. Ctitcuifive Cartbamui laiivus. 2. c nicus alter Creticm. The ordinary Spaniflj Saffron. Wilde or baftard Saffron of Candye. ted, and prickly at the edges, and at their ends a great open Italy head, out of which thrufttth forth many gold yellow threds, of a mod orient and fhining colour, which beins gathered in a dry warme time and kept dry .will abide in the lame delicate colour that it bare when it was frefh for a very long time: the feed when it commeth to maturity, is white and hard, fomevvhat long and round, and a little cornered • the roote is long white and wooddy, periling yearly ato feede tune. This hath beene found with a white flower but very bare. 2. Cmcut alter Creucm. Wild or baftard Saffron of Candy. This other baftard Saffron of Candye, from a thicke and long blacke loot rifeth one ftraight round ftalke.halfe a cubit high, fethere and there with long- fharpe pointed leaves,thicke fet with prickles at the dentes of the edges at the toppe whereof ftandeth a fcaly head compaffed with prickly leaves, of the bignefie of the Attrattylis or Diftaffe Thiftlc. out of which breake forth divers thicke yellow Saffron like threads thicke thruft together, after which the leede groweth therein being white,and as great as the meater Centory feede. a 3 • Cmc w alter perermi, Clitfi. clujitu his everli- . . ving baftard Saffron. rnInffn a it ardSaftr , 0nrifethup wlth divcrs hard ftron g and l^"hr fta f kes i’ wich ° ut any ltranches at all from them, to the height of th. ee or foure foote, bearing thereon at feverall p.aces fomewhat large and long leaves, dented about theed- S 1 , a lad or duskie greenc colour: at the top of every ftalke ftandeth one great clofe hard fcaly head, but not prick¬ ly at all,not fo great as the other CWrj« or baftard Saffron re ver opening the fca.es of the head as it d«h from tMl die whereof commeth divers threds vf*f f in the other of a fad ble wifti alhcoloir, and h whLftTauhe bottomeofthem, the feede which lyeth among thedownein thofe heads is greater,(although cdfim faith foaller, for I ft" 3 . Cnicus alter percvxis cbjii. ClufiiiS his everhs ing baftard Saffron. Tribe 2 TbeTheater of Plants. C ha p« 49. 261 you forth the plant as it groweth with us) then of the other thick and fhort, but not white, and in letter quan¬ tity then it :the rootes runnedowne deepe into the ground, and being there encreafed doe runne and fpread themfelves, taking up a great deale of roome. The Thee. The firft is generally fowen in Spaine,Italy and other places,for the efpeciall ufe thereof: The fecond Alpinus faith was brought out of Candye : The lad groweth wilde in Spline, as well about Sevill as Cordnla, and in other places as Clnftus faith ,?om remembreth it to grow upon Mount Baldus, The Time . They flower in the end of Inly, or about the beginning of Attguft, and the feede is ripe about the end thereof. The Names. It is called in ffireeke ««©■ and *«>»©-, (ftnicus and Cnecus, either am n quod eft pungcrc vet mordere, or dnirou ss 11 e/XSu , quodpnngendo pruriginem excitet, but is more properly to be underflood of the wilde kind : orra- ther a floris colore, cum *»#*©• exponatur croceus vel rutilm ; it is called [ok us and Cnecus, alfo in Latin, and Car- tbamui in the Apothecaries (hops, JaiTov as it is thought,^ nd in Latin and othersVay it was p/c in cormcttlorum mode nr^imvi.becaufe the pods are crooked 1 doc tHnke th ' t gi mci „„ was ma de called alfo r Paralion >that is mannnm ,and of iome papavcrfyly.-Jt . deceived as Diofcorides faith by the herebf.as DHcrntdes faith himfelfe; ‘TUny faith in his time it was focalled, deceivedas V.c/c n r la!th by the likenefleof the leaves: but DbfcrUb, in deferrbing Gkuctum, filth.it is he juugof an hearbe, tot. tag. leaves fomewhat like unto Horned Poppie, but fatter, y.eelding a ye J an d fomc Amspokt moraebs, be- cannot be the fame thing; Clujius faith that the Spaniards called the la(t ana ion . r Mom J ier as , caufe the flowers give a juice like Mulberries: It is called °M °^Almarharam, ’the jM**/ / apaver ,, Pena laith.were wont to call it Anemone cormculat a . The A a ta , . Connate,the Spaniards ‘Dormxdrra manna, the French Tavot cornu, the Germans Gelb Valmag'n mm and Ljelt, tnaeen famen,the ‘D/ttcb Gecl Hcut oft Harne betel,and wc in Englifh Horne oppie- ^ The Venues. . , -he feede of the Sea or Horned Poppie, doth purge ofto li-- fou ; e matter like ra^es m their urine • the leaves andflowers as Viofcondes and Galen fay, clenfe towle and vi¬ olent Vleers, and that fo powerfully, that Galen advifeth that they fhould not be applyed unto thofe fore^or i ; Tribe 2. The Theater of Tfonts. CHAP.50. ( ulcers, that arc already clenfed, left they confume the quicke flelh alfo; it taketh away alfo by thellrength and 1; force of the clenftng qualitie, even thofe crufts that ulcers many times doc get by fufferance or ill looking unto; I the leaves and flowers faith Diofcorides, being ufed with oyle, cleanfe the eyes of cattle, chat have fpots or filmes 1: in them. Ch*j. L Papaver SpumcttmJive Ben album vulgo. Spading Poppied His fmal! low herbe hath dlverfe weake tender [Hikes, full of jo ynts, about halfe a yeard or two foote long, ufually lying on the ground, whereon grow many pale whicifh greene leaves, two al wayes fet together at the joynts, one againft another; having many times upon the leaves, blit more often about the joynts of the (Hikes a certaine white frothy fubftance, like unto that is cal- led Cucko w fpittle: at the toppes of the (Hikes (land many flowers together, every one on a pretty long foot ftalke.hanging down their heads, which are white, compoled of five (mall white leaves a peece, with a deepe notch in the middle of every one of them, making it feeme to confift of more than five, Papaver Jpameum: Handing in a large loofe huske flriped, the flower fcarfe ap- Spatl ins Poppk. pearing above it, wherein afterwards is contained blackc feede : the roote is white and fpreadeth in the ground abiding fundry yeares. The Place. It is found generally through England, in many places andpaltures, and by the hedges Tides, yet it is much defined to be planted in gardens. The Time. It flowreth from June unrill the end of July or later, and the feede ripeneth in the meanetime, the roote abi- deth all the Winter, and fo doe fome greene leaves with it. The Names, It is generally called Papaver Sputneum, and of fome Ben album, as a difference both from the Valeriana rubra Dodonei , red Valerian , and c JWufcipula Lobelij , each of them called Ben rttbrum , yet neither of them is the true Benalbum or rubrsem of the Arabians. Dodonecus taketh it, as others doe alfo, to be the Polemonium of Diofcorides, but he is therein more miftaken in my judgement, than thofe he thinketh arc, that take it to be the Papaver Spumeurh or ticracleum of Theophraslus, Diofcorides, and Galen ; blit Pliny fherweth his miftaking the Greeke words s-fJSwin the defeription thereof wonderfully, comparing the leaves to the wings of Sparrowes or birds, when as Diofcorides intendcrh the herbe Struthiiim, called Radicula or Lanaria herba, (which fome with us take to be Saponaria;) becaule in ancient times they ufed to whiten linnen clothes with the rootes thereof, and Theophrajlw , if Pliny had regarded the place, lib.g.cap.l^. (fpeaking of Papaver Hcracleum , faith it hath leaves like Struthium, called Radicula, where* with they ufe to whiten linnen) might have eichewed that errour. It is accounted a kinde of Lychnis by moft of the bed Hcrbarifts, and therefore B auhinus namSrh it Lychnis JylveJlrU qua 'Ben alt urn vulgo ; fome with us call it Knapbottie, and others Spading of Frothy Poppy. _ . The Vertues. . The teede of fpatling Poppie purgeth fiegme faith Galen, and caufcth vomitings faith Diofcorides, being taken inmeadcor honied water, and isefpecially good for thole .that are troubled with the falling fickneffe. Chap. Li.. Thaliflrumfive Rutapratenfis. Medow Rue. Here are fundry forts of Medow Rue, fome growing in our oWne Land, others is fcverall coun¬ tries abroad as (hall be deferibed in this Chapter. I. Thalidrutn majrn vulgare. The greater common Medow Rue, This Medow Rue rifeth up from a yellow ftringie roote, much fpreading in the,ground, .. 1 an ° mooting forth new fpronts round about,with many herby greens {Hikes, two foote high, ,- , crelfetfor cornered all the length of them, fet wich joynts here and there, and many large V j^Cson them, as well as below, being divided into fmaller leaves, nicked or dented in the forepart of them, of 1 lad gteeac colour an theupperfidcjand pale green? underneath: toward the coppcof theftalke there fhooteth forth , li.ii' ; i TholiTtTiJtn latifo'jum nos iticifis foliju Medow Rue wicH uncut leaver There is another of this kinde whofc leaves (landing cne a- gainft another are not divided at all but are whole and longer, a branch whereof I give you here to fee. c Tbalitlrum majtts album Hifyanicum. Great Spanifh white Medow Rue. The leaves hereof are much larger than the former, and more divided at the edges, and folike unto Columbine leaves that they eafily deceive one not well acquainted therewith, yet are they leffer and of a fadder colour (landing on long flalkes, a- mong which rifeth up a llrong round (lalke three footc high at the leaftjbranching forth into two or three parts, with leaves at the feverall joints ofthem, at the toppes whereof (land many frnall round yellowilh buttons in a tuft together enclofed. in a white skinne.which breaking each button iheweth to be a frnall tufc ofthreads like the former but greater, and of a white colour tipc with yellow and fomewhat purpliih at the bottome, of a llrong fent abiding long in flower if it grow not too open and then‘fell away like Ihort threads: the feede is like the former but greater, and fo are the rootes likewife z'nd yellow like it, whichtetaine neither ftalkenorleafcall.'he Winter, butfhoo- tethanew in the Spring. 3. Thai-Zr%r»m/ur.tar.ummajitu The greater mountains Medow Rue. Tills Mountains kind hath as large ftalkesasthe former great kinde,andrifer.hupashigh.butarcnot crofted or cornered at all, rh 4 leaves are dividea like unto them, and of a lad greene colour alfo ; the flowers arc white, which fmell a flrong as they, and the leaves are rather ftronger than the firft: the rootes likewife are yellow, and fpreading al moil as much. 4. ThaliBrum memtanum mi»ui album. The leffer mountaine Medow Rew. This is like unto the laft in all things, butinthe fmallneffe of the plant, and in the fmell, which is nothing £ ftrong or unplcafanr, for the leaves are greene as they, and the flowers w hite in the fame manner j and the roote Tribe z. The Theater of Tlantes. Chap. Ji. 26f Altemfc nmpurpip uum a ---—--—--- -* y*• yellow and lomewhat creeping : There is alfo another fort herofdiTferingllttle fromit but in —“ flower which is of a pale V lolet colour with yellow tips. ° * n tlie co * our of the Floreo . . ...... , 5- ThaliEtrumminm. The fmailer Medow Rue. mmSi Thrs fmall kind is almoft in all things like unto the former, but fmailer both in leaves, being of a little fen, greene colour, lomewhat more four,ng 5 and.'in the ftalkes being round and not crefted, and m the flowers lomewhat whiter: the motes llkewife are yellow, but doe not fpread or creepe,fo much as the former S r , 6 - minimum. The Ieaft Medow Rue' f J.n rJ f 1 u d of M cdow r Rew > h«h fuch like fmall or rather fmailer, divided and notched leaves fourth kind hath, but they are of a whitifo greene colour; the ftalkes rife not above a foote high or ha " the the flowers are more yellow, and the rootes runne in the ground,rather more than any ofthc firmer ° m ° re ” c 7 -Thai,an,m mgujhjjlmo folio. The narrowed leafed Medow Rue. nt?w rl° t W ? e . hath y dlov i ft , rin S ;e rootes, like unto all the former forts, from whence f„rl al up a ftalke, very much crefted or cornered,three foote high, bearing many fad greene leaves at rho ™ ‘ pr,n S? th are fmailer and longer than any of the former, and eridinf moft commonly in three points longer tha/anv reftithe toppe ofthe ftalke is branched,bearing many fmall pale yellow tufts of flowers like Into the ° f tb p thrskmde there rs another; whole leaves bei^g Jailerthanoftbat former ° f “i themllkcwI [ e > doe not other wife differ either in height or colour of flowers from the fourth rT Mi ” w ‘ T , n; .. *• TkaUElrum minimum fcetidijjimum. Stinking Medow Rue. The (linking Medow Rue hath his ftalke round and greene, which is fometimes mirnlifh mfok - c high with diverfe leaves thereon, divided for the moft part into three parts each ^ notches, ofas fad agreene colour on the upper fide, and ofas pale a greene underneath as the firft kPd° owne, the toppe of the ftalke is branched,and on them ftand fmall round moflye or threadie flowers u C reft, of a pale yellow colour: the fmall cods that follow are.cornered with a crooked end fee nl l ’ | ke J he together, wherein is mclofcd fmall feede: thisfmelleth moft ftrong and unfavory of all the reft in ftandln S place, but by tranfplantmg and manuring, it Iofeth part of the virulcncie and becommeth lefle oftenfive * + • P' Thaldtrum Ammcanum. The American Medow Rew C ' I Ills ftrangcr is in face and outward habit folike a white Spanifli kinde, that thev can har.il,, u i- afundcr, but that it is fuller offtalkes and leaves; the flowers of the toppes of the branches are ar rl J** blufla colour, but being blovyne open confift of five white leaves.and a numbef of whitethredl in the S' ^ w tli yellow. There is another fmailer fort hereof whofe flowers are purple dpt with yellow xddlc, • fl ace - 1 yl 1 35 I ftidgroweth in many places of our owne land, in the borders of moiftMedowfs . L ri, T feC 1 >nd fCTt liS ouco(S P ame > 1S found likewife in our rnoift Medowes and by ditch dltch rer the fea, and at Margate on the chalkie cliffe on the left hand, as you goe from the towne to rhe n , ea * other country farther from the fea fide. The third and fourth were found by ClafaZn ,he hflls ln fh"' piaawAtfungane. The fift and fin was found by Clufius alfo in the lower ground! bv 7hn r low , ec ^ ^ S ^ erlmd - Thc ■" the cLntric of ^ They doe all flower about July, or in the begiming^fAugu ft. T • .. , The Names 0 I by ? 1,rbeft modcrM Writers, to be the ThaliSrum of CD 'IMerldes rilled r- - , || 11 J ■ p- ” * ‘ l7 P“’a»tLrMovim, as fome thinVe,co quoddum eermine protrtidit eleoantervireat Some 11 ^^ f » / t IC that is Rut a, for the forme or likeneffe of the leaves, and fo have entimlrdr/ Ve pa/ufins ox prater Jit • others from the yellow colour ofthe rootes, have called it Pr’2rhablZrumVn n i”* f Mw - 1 thlnke n ] ore ttuelyof the purging and binding qualitie, both joyned together like unfit*? Moft Writers now doe call all thefe kinds of herbesby the name of r'/ CI /i d l ftmi ?l? n p , F or the firtl here fet downe is called by moft ThaliUrum jus, and of fome Ruta’tZ'^r^ 1 * 1 Lebel doth: of Cafa/pim Rutafjlvefiris,o£ LucdmenRs, ft is fet forth for pLhum Vulr as I f°v e i a? G u nn { ?"ff«xifraga lutea. Carrierari tti calleth it ThaUUrtm CermaZcum ° f I Which is here thefecond he calleth Italicnm. The fift is Lugdune-J his Hyp W It TT” a us , and is tlic minus of Dodanxuo or Rut a pratenfis tentufolia ofLohe/znd others The third is the firft ^ ^ “a* 1 " I tmum of Clupus, and the fixt of CamerarL fieri Mo. The fourth is I white flower, as the purple floured kinde 2 tertmmangujlifohr.m and Clufiu, his feventh or laft.The feventh T3auhi„ t „ calleth he tfZT c ei a ht minima feetidiffimn a s their titles declare.The two laft are called by thofe that fent it! ,as it kin thefrdtles^ v p,. , TheVertues. u “*. | P e .r|^fl^cure them^landfoe^diftftl^watelof thlherbe^and flowers’doth tlielike^fo^as'ci/fKVaithft'd^ 0 ^^ ^ 3 Cmf; Chap. 51. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe?; Chap. X, 11. Afarum, Afarabacca. > Have in my former Booke given you the knowledge of this Afarabacca, but becaufe I have not r there txprelfed it (o fufficiently, as it ought to be, I have here amplified my felfe in fonae particulars. I Now although there was but one fort of Afarun S with all Writers now ada ] e 5 ’ 7 ”^“. haVe ' ceivedannotherlort out ofKiV^mafomewhatdiffering from theother; and although the name hath beene formerly mifapplied to many other hetbes, as is in part (hewed in the 38. Chapter of ur 'L. H A ill hr further declared in this ■ yet now I hope that it is fo fufficiently knowne, there is no caufe'oferrourfbutt^ii^W^dothad^e another herbe fomewhat like unto it in leaves, whereof I meane to fpeake alfo he . Afarum vufoare. Common Afarabacca* _ „ , , . u ' mores from whence come many fmooch leaves, every one upon . Afawm vu'gare. Common Afarabacca. a. Afarum Amcricanum. Virginia Afarabacca edges: from among which rife (mall round hollow browne erf cne hashes upon Ihort llalkes about an inch long, divided at fhe brimmes into five divifions, very like unto the cuppa or heads of the Henbane feede, but that they ate fmaller and thefe be all cite flowers it carrieth : which are lomewhat fweete being fuelled unto, and wherein when they are ripe is contai¬ ned final 1 cornere I rough (eede, very like unto the fernells or flor.es ofGrapesor Raifins: the rootes arefmalland whitifli, fpreading diverfewayes in theground, andlncrcafinginto dt- verfe heads, but not running, or creeping under ground, asdl- verfe other creeping berbes doe,which are fomewhat fweete in frnell, refembling Nardm hut more being drie, than when they are greene, and of a flrarpe but not unpleafant tafte. Cameranm faith that Gefner found a greater kinde hereof, and more lweetc, upon the Alpes in Switzerland, which Haubinw as it fhould feeme never faw, and therefore donbted of the truth. 7. Afarum Americanum, Virginia Afarabacca. 1 The Afarum of Virginia groweth very like the former, but the leaves ate a good deale larger, ftiffe alfo a ™ thicke, fomewhat crumpled about the edges, of a darke gretne colour, but not fo much Aiming as it, and not lo 5. Afarha Mattbioli. Baftard Afarum of Mattbiolus, The Theater o/Tlants. ha p.52. Tribe 2. round but a little pointed at the end,fome alfo will be (ported or ftraked: the flowers have ulkally butthree diviT (ions or points of a paler greene colour: the rootes are fomewhat greater and fuller of fubftance fpreadins in the fame manner and imelling fomewhat more fragrant.and a little hot in tafte biting a little the tongue. ® 5 3. Afar'ma Matthioli, Ballard Afatum of Matthiolus, Ballard Afarum is a low herbe alfo, creepin g upon the ground, fomewhat like unto Afarum, having fuch like leaves upon long hairy footeftalkes, but rounder and rougher than they, and fomewhat dented about the edoes - the flowers are like unto Camomill flowers, but that they are fmaller by much, and wholly yellow as well the border of leaves as middle thrume, and are not unpleafant in fmeil; the rootes are (lender fmall and lonmcreeDinl under the upper cruft of the earth, and not (hooting do wne deepe fomewhat of afharpe tafte, and a little bitter withalh The Tlace. * The firll groweth under trees and upon fhadie hills, in fontus and Thrygia, as Diofcorides faith, and in Italy [' fo, and in fundry other places, and is frequent in gardens. The fecond came from the parts in or about Vir/in] The third as Matthiolus faith is found upon fome moumaines of Bohemia and likewife in SomtHetllArr owne Land, found by Dr. Lotcl. 1 1 ln 0K The Time] The firft and fecond kcepe their greene leaves all’ the winter, but (hoote forth new in the fpring: and witK them come forth thofe heads or flowers, which give ripe feede about Midfommer, or fomewhat after; the other doth follow much the fame courfe. The Blames, It is called in (orceke A’eayv quaft in ernatum non veniens , as Vlinye faith becaufe in coronit her “Matter-, but the text of Diofcorides is flat againft him, for he faith it is aWjw a fweete herbe uied in garlands: ic is alio called n d^Jbt dytM, in Lcttine Afarum & JSfnrdtaJylveflris or Nardas r pi flic a and as Ma~ ; [‘■'• faith Vulgago ,as by his verfe appeareth; Eft Afaron Grace Vulgago dilla Latinis : The former times as I favd Afarum and Baccharis to be one herbe, and therefore not knowing what Bacchant was thev 1 called this Afarum Afarahaccara, which name is continued both in d’yawc and other places, and with usa’lfo to I this day : but the deferiptions of them being fo diverfe (if they had beene regarded or lookt into, which ' was utter y neglefted, and thofe times led onely by tradition, without fearching out the veritie of things) I Would make one mcrvaile how they could be fo much miftaken, as from the ignorance of fome that called Afat 1 rum Bacchar, to make one name of both : but the errour being fo old even before Vlinye his time, may feeme to I make it the more excufable, but we (hould not continue in the fame courfe, they formerly did’; feeing Plinye ! f eweth the errour, and findeth fault with them that were fo led, as is (hewed in the chapter of Baccharis ■ . The hrfl is called Afarum by alt our later writers, except Lohet that calleth it Afarum Baccharis five Bacchatm' ; The fecond we have impofed the name according to the forme it carrieth as it is in the title.The third Matthiolus ■ flat called Afmna, 3nd fodoe others that fet ft forth after him, onely Clufius doth much fufpert it, to be his fe- I co*d Titfftlago Alpina, and that his figure was taken from a dry plant, and before it had brought forth the flowers ; to perfeftion : but by the fharpe tafte and creeping roote, it may more probably be taken to be the Cotyledon ta ' luftris act is or mens. The Arahtans call it Afaron, the Italians AfaromA Bacchara, the Spaniards Afarahaccara ': | and we in Englijh Afarabacca or Afarohacca. - 3 The Vertues. I theJfffu'a :t hath an e e u. in ? qU f Iity : whcr f ? r bowfoever applyed.and that ic provoketh urine,&’eafetK the paines of the ftone; is profitable for dropfies, and for the old paines of the Sciatica : and that fixe drammes of the rootes being drunkem honeyed water procureth womens courfes, and purgeth like unto blacke Hellebor- Mefsses placeth it among other purging hearbes and fo doe I, for being drunkem not onely provoketh vomiting! butworketh downwards, and by urine alfo, purging both choller and flegme.- it is made the more ftrongtf fome Spiknard be added with the whey of goates'milke or honyed water; but it purgeth flegme more manifefl- 1, ly than choller, and therefore doth much helpe thofe that are troubled with the pain's in the hippes and the | ; parts thereabout, efp'ecially If itbe either deeped or bovledin whey: it doth wonderfully helpe the obflruftions l, Ver *1?^ and therefore profitable for tLfc that are troubled with the dropfie, and the overflow- ingofthegall which IS the Iaundife.bemgfleepcd m wine and drunke; it helpeth thofe continuall agues, that ■ £3 y 's' JuT ^“bbornehumots: An oyle made thereof by fetting it in the funne.and whereunto fome is added, provoketh fweating, if theridgc ofthebacke be annointed therewith, and thereby driveth a- way the flrakmg fits of agues. 1 1 Will not abide any long boyling,the chiefeft llrengrh theteofvaniflamg thereby- 1 ' f ? th u ffner gwder doth provote vomits and urine, and the courier purging downewar/s* thus faith Mefsies. hereby as Mattholus -faith, the Germaine Country people were taught to cure, both tertian 1 and tjuanainezgu.es, by drinking a draught of the decoflion thereofmade with wine, wherein alittle Maceor i t-inamon or honey is put, either every day or every other day, whichpurgeth thebody and often procureth vo- r, “'“"f : as alfo they anoint the ndee of the backe, and the foies oftheir feete with the warme oyle made there- o y long iLinmng, upon the accefie or comming of the fit, being in their warme bed, whereby they prevent [. e ^ P f ovohe much fweate, and are thereby cured, that have long lingred under the dtfeafe • It 3 IS P r .°faa 5 Ie lor thole that have convulfion of the finewes, and an old cough. The common ufe hereof is to take ?V Uy -L e i o! v or 7 leave *- ln a lltc le dnnke to caufe vomitings: the rootes alfo worke it? the fame manner r but not 10 tomb y. but an extraft made thereof according to art with wine, might be more fafeand effecTuall and may kept all the yeare, to be at hand ready to be given, when there is occafion, the quantity onely is to be propor- 1 tioned according to the conftitution of the patient, as the learned Phifition can belt appoint t Itis alfo effectual! 1 againlt thebitmgs of ferpents, (the roote efpecially) and therefore is put among other fimples, both into Mi- 1 thrtdatum and Aniromachus T rcakle, which is ufually called Venice Treakle: Galen faith that the rootes of A fa. 1 r f n ' ^h ave the fame property that tAcorus hath but more flrong, and Paulas vEgineta agreeth with him- but fl dCCb faUt Wlth f em both ’ becaufe the y have a P ur SWg quality, whereof they make no mention, hC K 00te I-" ?°^ d , er g ^ ven ln whltc wine ’ aIittIe bef6re thc fit o( an a S ue > taketh away the fha* Jung fit,and thereby caufeth the hot fit to be the more remiffe, and in twife taking expellech it quite: It is faid that Aa a the }■' f,i is if s. i) f” i v-jj ,! (‘li W- I %6% Ch a p.5J. Theatrum ’Botanicurn. Tribe.z, , . . ■ , i; tt ic braifed, and applyed to the forehead and temples, doe eafe the paines of the head, and rlrocureth tleepe • and applied to the eyes, taketh away the inflammation of them : the juice with a little Tut,* procureth i cepe the ' corncr of the ey^foarpneth the eyefight, and taketh away the dimneffe Pre / r i>i’ne(re that is often m them. The leaves androotesbcingboyledm lye, and the head wafhed therewith of™ while it iswarme, cotnforteth the head and braine, that is ill affefted by taking cold, and helpeth the me¬ mory “he Afarv.m hath beene but little experienced by any that I know, and therefore can % no- mory alio. 1 nc r & j ■ effeds. bcine fo much more aromaticall and fweet. The Baltard thing thereof,but it p clenfing quality, but a greater propertie to attenuate,or make thin that r and to open that which is obftrud: a dram of the ponder which is thicke.to cu “ honyed water doth loofen the belly,and purgeth from thence tough and thicke hereof taken in fw j It is t0 ve ry good purpofe and profit, given to thofe that have the Yellow flegme, and blacke or burnt 1 ficfcneff y = nd the Palfie, theherbe eythertakcnof it Iaund.fe, toi thofe.that h ^ thereof made and drunke : It killcth alfo the wormcs of the belly : felfe and eatenasun 5HI > f , b among the othcr f orts of fweete herbes but the purging qualities be- LgtpSS vomit and wtlking downewards by the doole, hath rather moved me to in- fert them here. Chap. LIII. 'BraJJic*. Colewort. —, T i -e- edible forts of Coleworts and Cabbiges with fome others of delight, I have mentioned in my Ip f rm » r worke fo amnlv that who fo will may finde them there at large declared, I will onely m this *■'' ? » ivp vnn fome homes of them and their vertues more amply, bccaufe I was then fo briefe, and with th'emdhow'you fome wilde kinds, as alfo the Sea Colewort, which for the purging quality is firR for this place. Garden Cabbiges and Coleworts. , ,, - „r m ,. u forts, iome meater others Imall, fome white others redorbe The Cabbige (as I have : (hew d) l of ^ j s a ■ inmcate that t h cy gr0 w into a round head, thei tween white and red,and all thele clole their lmi c j t j wcl [ knowne never to clofe the leaves, but to ihoote forth Rallies, bearing pa.e yellow, fiowefs,and aftewards fmdUot^gpo swthfmajfooun^ee delicate mea tes. There are like-: .vRefomVgardenfort^of Coleworts not fo much ufed to be eaten, as pleafant to the fight in regard both of the, _ , _ , Brmpcetcapitata. Cabbiges. Btsficafanva. Garden Coleworts. 2?0 Chap. Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum, Tribe i 4 . Brajficama’inamonnfticmoi . Sea Colcworc. fine crumpling forme of the leaves, and of the variable mixture of colours in them,as greene, white, red and yel¬ low. which maketh them to be beheld with the more ad¬ miration : of all which 1 have fpoken in my former book, untothefel tnufl joyne the wilde forts. 2. Hrajpca fjlveflris, Wilde Coleworts. The wild Colewort groweth with many long grayifin round leaves,much gafhed o r toriie on the edges, among which tile the ftalkes bearing (uch like but fmaller leaves on them,and yellowifii flowers at the toppes/ucceded by fmall rough pods with finall round feede in them : the roote is white,hard and fomewhat woddy. 3. BraJJicaftmofa. Thorny Coleworts. The whitifh woddy flalke of this thorny Colewort ri- feth to be more then two foore high, branching forth in¬ to fundryftriped or crefled branches, and they againc into other leflerflender twigges,eachof them ending in fmall fnarp white thornes,and on each of them under the thornes groweth one flower, in forme like unto an Hiacinthe of a pale redde or blulh colour, from which rife fmall round pea fe like heads pointed,wherein lyeth the feede: the leaves that grow without order on the branches are fome-. what long and narrow, a little dented or waved about the edges, and with other fmaller fometimes fettoge- • ther,of a gray ifhgreene colour. 4. Bra.jficamxrinci monofperrnof . Sea Colewort. The Sea Colewort hath divers fomewhat broad and large thicke wrinckled leaves, or as it were curled about: the edges, ^rowing each upon a feverall thicke footflalke and veryeafytobe broken, of a grayifti greene co¬ lour; fro m?mong which arifeth up a ftrong thicke flalke wo foote high and better,with fome leaves thereon to: the roppe • where it brancheth forth much,and on every branch ftandeth a large buflh of pale whicifli flowers, ! confifting offourc leaves a peece; afeer which come fmall thicke and fhort pods, conteining but one roundifli crayifli feede a pcece, much greater then Soldandla or Sea Bindweede feede ; the roote is fomewhat great and; fhooteth forth many branches underground,':ceping the greene leaves all the winter. The Place. The manured edible forts are onely nurfed up in Cardens: the fecond groweth wilde on many ditch bankes, as well in the uplands as neare the fea Tides: the third is nouried in the curious Gardens of Italy : the laft grow¬ eth in many places upon our owr.e coafts, as well the Kentijh as Ejfex Ihore, as at Lidde in Kent and (fiolchefter' in Ejje agand in other places alfo, and in other countries likewife. The Time. Their flowring time is towards the middle or end of !uly,aui the feede is ripe in the end of Auguft. The Names. The Greeks call it and Atticex°&Aa,or rfSpfrr fo called as it is fuppofed by Come.quod wedt.i'.e. octtlorm tmpill.it ohtund.1t &hebetet, tecaufe it dulleth anddimmeththe eyefght,which Columella Tgnifieth by this DU Jhchon.Oculis inimica cor amble but he doth contrary himfelfe.for both he and other good authors fay that it is good' for dim eyes, as alfo to take away the canker in the eyes; others fay queitomf *iA~vel riEHutAvnfr.quodcraJ. pttUfiatUtatiqneadverfiatnr. Theopbraftm and other Creeke Authors before him, doe call it Raftarntp ob matuamfzi Come thinhe)q«ondamamicitiam & affnitatem utriufvisftmittii, vetttfttori,prtfertimyttramvUplana tarn oenerand jbecaufe of the like effe of the feed, they fuppofing that if it were old, the one would degenerate into‘the other • which error in this as in many other things, is fatall to the old world.and I would to God it were not fo alfo to curs; for rhe opinion is almofl hereditary, at the lead growne fo old by cuflome.that there is fmall hope to roote it out of the mindes of a great many, that the feeds doe often change into other herbes, then fuch ij as they were taken from, which is quire contrary ro the Text of rhe Scripture, Genefis 1.29. that faith God did) appoint every herbe and tree to have the feede of his owne kind within it felfe, and not of another kind ; and IJ would faine have any man of judgement, to tell me ifhee thinke it poflible that the feede of Cabbiges fhouldl bring forth Raddifhcs.or Raddifo feede Cabbages; but PI «/and others alfo before him, miflaking the Grcckd word of Theophrajf'ti and others,which is underftood by all of good judgement to be Brafi!ca,mnsCcncth all thd properties of 'Braffica to Rapbanus pthit is, to Raddifh.Tt is cal led alfo in Latin Braffica,quafiprifeca as Vane faith;! quod httjiii fcaput mimitatim prafecatnr ; or as others thinke of Pajfica, quod ex cattle minutatim prafecato pajfafiat ; a or as fome i-r! t* "fiber, id eft. a veranda,becauCe poore people did molt ofall call for them to eate thermit is calledb alfo in Latin of many Caulie quiaprscaterit grar.di,va/idoqtte turgefeit caule. And from thence as I thinke came outiK Englifh word Cole,whereby anciently the Colewort was calledithe fecond isufually called Brajfcafyhefiri, by t all,for Arvcnfis as Bauhinm bath itibut that itfhould be that oftheauncients I make great doubt: the third is alfoa called Brafficaftino r a both by Alp nm and Baubinitt , who onely that I know have written thereof: The lad is 1 thought by fome, as Ttimer y tr.rud.va and Cafialpintu to bee the iyeia of DipfcorHetyunA that not Wl'th-sl out goodVeafon, the face thereof fo well relembling a Colewort,and the bitternefTe anfwerable likewife. Lobeli callech it ' Bajfica marina fylueftrit multipra mono/permes, but Bauhinut BraJJlcamantima-, Gerard calk th it BrofpA ca marina Anglica,as if it were onely proper to our coalls. The Arabians call Cabbiges Cojumb and Karttmb\ the Italians Cavolo and Verna, the Spaniards Celbes and Couues, the French Cheulx, the Germans Roll, the Dutch , Cabuifchoolen, and wee in Englifh Cabbige and Colewort. The Vertites. The Cabbiges or Coleworts (for they are inamannerof one operation) themfelves being boyled gently in broth. Tribe?. The Theater of Tlantr. Chaim^.. broth,and eaten doe open the body, but being twice boyled or the (econd decoftion of them doth binder theni- trous quality therein, being quite confumed and fpentby the twice boyling: the juice thereof drunken in wine, helpeth thofe that are bitten by Adders or Vipers, and the decoftion of the flowers bringeth downe womens courfes, and hindreth conception as it is faid, if'it be ufed as a peflary : being taken with hony it recovered! the hoarfenefle or lode of the voyce: ic helpeth thofe that are entringintoaConfumption, if they ufe to cate them well boyled and often : the pulpe of the middle ribbes of Coleworts boyled in Almond milke, and made up into an Eleluary with hony, is very profitably ufed by thofe that are (hortwinded and are purfie, if they often take thereofjbeingalfoboyled twice and an old Cocke boyled in the broth, this being drunke helpeth thofe that are troubled with griping paines in their flomacke, or belly: the fame broth or decoftion is very good, for thofe chat are troubled with the paines and obflruftions of the liver and fpleene, and the (tone in the backe and kidnies ■ the juyee thereof boyled with hony,and dropped into the corner of the eye cleareth the fight,by confuming any filme or cloud beginning to dimme it, as alfo confuming the kanker growen therein : the juyeeis fafely given to thofe that have eaten Mulhroomes, if they prove effenfive unto them : they are much commended being Caten before meate, to keepe one from furfetting, as alfo from being drunke with mtich wine, by reftrainin<* the vapours that elfe would intoxicate the braine, or being drunke, will difperfe the vapours and make them quickly rife foher againe ; and even f? f®?" 8 'u thi ! ond y- *««is lefle both in (hikes, branches, anc leaves, not growing above an hand breadth h.gh, and with as fmall leaves as Knawell, periihing ever) This fmooth vEdfu % li °- S™ 11 fmo «h Madder with (harpe pointed leaves. , pn “V s r?, M - dd '= ri:h ° 0 wth forth, one fmooth iquare joynted lialke, for the moil parr, halfe a vardeir Ind nSmore endino'! CSV r he ™f grow other fmaller branches. whereat arefetfonre fmall long leaves ufuallj andofapahChtefruSeK tta., md.l to, TOnni pdmcd „„„ am'toCTnSSfcSliS' foure leavesa^eece^the rootelsfmall^threddieand reddffh° WCtS,UP ° n footeftalkes,m.idc of T1 ■ r „ 5 ;, R ?i‘ a m ’’° r P, r ‘" e "fi I carul'a. Small creeping Madder with purplifh blew flower- -issssts r" rt* - * wimsimsmmm This fmallefl- M.jt 6 ' R f‘ mnm t {? x * ,ilb - Th = fciall rocke Madder, imsimallelt Madder, groweth not much above an hand breadth hizh with a fnuare flallie f n r^A~ <- 11 are. s or umbets, at the top t es of the branches: the roote is fmall and reddilh as all the other forts This (mail Madd lift‘d’?, fixatilis. Small Rocke Madder with prickely heads, flender below, ncxwi^othe rootf anTthfTe 1 whl , dn ? thrc ^ e r00 - t S' n \ a ? y tender ft l uare branches/mall and whereat grow foure fmal, leaves leffer than thofeo? Rue ^tWeShT^S TrIB E 2 . The Theater of T lants. Chap.57, 6 - Rubio minima hxatilis. The [mail rock c Madder. fmall grcenifh flowers for the moft part (landing toge¬ ther upon a foote ffalke, each of them confining offoure leaves, withcertaine (mall threds in the middle, after which rife fmall heads fomewhat rough, which when they are thorough ripe and dry are more fharpe and prick¬ ly, divided into foure parts as arme; or wings on each fide of the head, the middle part alfo being prickely, wherein is conteined fmall yellow feede : it flowreth by j degrees, the lowed joynts firft, and the higher after- »wards. 8 . Rnbiaargentea Cretica. Candy filver- leafed Madder. This fmall Madder is like the former fmall Madder, but that the leaves are longer and whiter, and the flowers yellow. The Tlacc, The firft groweth in Candye, and abideth well with ns: the fecond groweth upon the hils not farre from tJMompelicr-. the third in Germany in the fields neere tre bathes cf Luke, and by Cipfwick^allo : the fourthonthe 1 hils in Switzerland, Sc about Strafbourg likewife: the fift groweth plentifully in many places of our owne land .- the fixt groweth alfo in diverfe places with us, and upon thechalkie hils neere Drayton , over againft the file of fright- the feaventh was found by Fahtu Columnus, on the ruinous moyft walls of Dioclefians bathes in Rome-, the laft in faridye as A/pinus faith. The Time. They all flower in the Sommer Moneths, and give their feede (hortly after. The Names. AH thefe fmall Iff adders have their denominations in their titles, as they are called by C lupus, Banhinw and o- thers that have mentioned them : onely the fift I take to be the Myagrum alterum minus Dalechampii of Lugdu- nenfis- and thefeaventh is called by Fabius Columnx, Cruciatanova Romana minimamuralis, and peradventure is the fame that Cefalpinus calleth Cruciata minima in maritime,which Baukinus hath altered,and called Rubia echi- nata [dxatHis. The Venues. Thefe fmall Madders, as by their tafie and temperature may be gathered, are of the fame property with the ' greater kindes, but are leffe cffeftuall in every refpeft. Chap. LVII. Pfyllium. Fleawort. He ancient writers have delivered us, but one fort of Fleawort, but there hath beenc in later times, fotnc others knowne, which fhall be here fet forth together. 1. Pfyllium vulgare. The ordinary Fleavvorr. The ordinary Fleawort rifeth up withaflalke two foote high or more,full of joynts and branches, on every fide up to the toppe, and at every jovnt two fmall long and narrow whitifh grecne leaves, fome what hayrie : atthe toppesof every branch (land diverfe fmall fhort, fcalie, or chatfic heads, out of which come forth fmall whitifh yellow threds,fuch as the Plantaine heads doe give, which are the bloomings or flowers: the feede enclofed in thofe heads is fmall, and fhining while it isfrefh, very like unto fleas, both for ilcolour and bignelte, but turning blacke when it groweth old : tlie roote is not long, but white hard and wood- ,:die, perifhing every yeare, and raylingit felfeagaineofit owne feede, for diverfe yearesif it be differed to fhed: :the whole plant is fomewhat whitifh, and hayrie duelling fomewhat refinous or like Roden. a. 1 'fyHiummajwfemper virens. The greater ever greene Fleawort. if This Fleawort differeth not from the former in the manner of growing, bntonely thathis ftalke andbran- !| c hes, being fomewhat greater doe a little more bow downe to the ground; the leaves are fomewhat larger, the 1 heads fomewhat lefler, the feede alike ; and the roote and leaves abide all the winter, and periflh not as the .iformer. 5. Tfytlium Indicumfohis crenatis. Indian Fleawort with dented leaves. r._ Indian Fleawort hath a wooddy reddifh rough (lalke, next to the ground, about a foote high, fpreading forth t into diverfe branches; the leaves that (land at the joynts thereof are fomewhat long, narrow pointed at the end, and notched, or rather fomewhat rorne on the edges, and hayrie alfo like the former; the toppes of the branches a are more flored with heads than the former, but of the fame bigneffe and fafhion, with flowers and feede fhiniiw like the other. . * 1 * 3 4 4. Pfymum minus. Small Fleawort. “,.The fmall Fleawort hath fmall round reddifh branches, leaning downe to the ground,not above a handbreadth • high, fpreading into more branches, as having three orfoure at a joynt, and two leaves Handing at every of :hem, one againft another as in the former, but very fhort and narrow: the fmall heads that Hand at the tups - jf tne ftalkes, hive two fmall long leaves, and fometimes more, fet under every of them, one longer thenano- Bb ther. £7 278 Chap.57. 1 Theatrum Botanicum . Tribe I. Fjyttium vut^are. The ordinary Fie aw ore. ther, and in time bowing downewards andfome- whathard ■■ the bloomings or flowers are white, and the feede that flowreth is fhining.and like the other, but fmaller: the roote is fmall and white with divers Fibres thereat. The Place. The firft groweth in the fields and untilled places of Spaine and Italy, but with us no where but in gardens: The fecond groweth more plentifully in the fields that are ncare the Tea.The third is thought to come out of the Indies^ the name importeth,but we are not furc thereof. The laft is naturally of E- gypt or Arabia , and grew in the moft noble Signior Bembej his garden at Padoa. The Time. All thefe Fleaworts flower in July or therea¬ bout with us, but in their naturall places, all the Summer long,yet the laft,is the lateft with us. The Names. It is called in Grecke ju aa/op, in Latine PfyIlium , Tu Hear is herba i & ’Ptilicaria , becaufe the ieede is like unto Fleas, and not becaufe it driveth away Fleas, being brought greene into the houfe, for that is falfe:there is alio another Pulicaria called Conyza, •which wc have fhewed before : The Arabians call it Bazar a Chatama , and Bezercothune. The Itali¬ ans PfyIIto^ the Spaniard* Zargatona, the French / Her be an V Poulx. The Germans Pfihenratit • and wee in Englifh Fleawort, and not Fleabanc, for that is Conyza } as is fhewed befjre : The firft is ge¬ nerally called P fyHium of all writers. Gefncr in hor - tis Germanix calleth it fynops of Theophrajhes . 1 he fecond is called by Matthiolus PJyllium alterum , Gefner and Gamer aritu call it Pfy'hum perenne ; Lobel'm his Adverfaria calleth it PfyIlium Plinianic forte majus radice perenne ; the third is Anguillara his firft PJyllium and thought by Bauhir.ui to be the true PfyllUm of Tiofcorides and by him called Indicum be¬ caufe the leede came to him under that name. The laft as Bauhimu faith he had from the moft noble Btmb w his Garden at Padoa ,under the name ofCjottnc rabrum,w he had another called album, which is a kind of Holoshum , Bauhinus mentioneth Projper Alpinw to call it Gottnc rubrum , but 1 can finde no other then Gottnemfegiar Gof. fpium arbor cum in bis Egyptian plants : he faith alfo that it was fent him from Heidelberg,by Spreneerw , with the name Botrio rubro. The Vcrtues, All Authors doe confirme that the feede of Vfyllium is cold which Mefues attributed! to the barke or outfide faying that the inward pulpe thereof, is hot ftiarpe and drying, but divers doeutteily miflike and refufe that opi¬ nion : the muccilage of the feed made (but indeed the feede is feldome builed by any Artift, but alwayes fteeped whole) with bariy water,and iome fyrupe of Rofes or Violets put thereto and drunke,doth purge downewards groiTe flegme and burnt choller • but the (cede be ing fryed and io taken, ftayeth the flux or laske of the belly, and the corrofions that come by reafon of hot, chollericke, fharpe and malignant humors, or by the iuperpurgation of any violent medicine, fuch as Scamony or the like worketh : the muccilage of the feede made with Rofe- watcr and a little Sugar Candy put thereto,is very good in all hot agues, and burning feavers, and other inflam¬ mations, both to coolc the thirft,and ro lenifie the drinefie and roughneffe of the tongue and throate; it helpeth alio the hoa: fenefle of the voyce, a d difeafes of the breft and lungs caufed by heat, or fliarpe fait humors, and the Pleurilic alfo : the muccilage of the feede made in Plantaine water, whereunto the yolke of an cope or two,and a little Populeon is put, is a moft fafe and fure remedy to eafe the fliarpenefle, prickings, and paines of rhehemorrhoidcs or piles, if it bee laid on a cloth and bound thereto: it helpeth alfo all inflammations in any part of the body, and the paines that come thereby, as the headach and meagrime, and all hot impoflumesor dwellings,or breakings out in the skin, a?hlaines,wheales,pufhes, purples and the like, as alfo the paines of the jovnts,and ofthofc places that are out of joynt, the paines of the Goute and Sciatica, the burflin^ of youn* childremand the i welling out ofthenavell, applyed with oyle of Rofes and Vinegar; the fame alfo is very oR ten and with good fuccefle applyed to heale the Nipples, and the lore breafts of women laying it often thereon : the juice of the herbe witha little hony putinto the eares,helpcth the running of them, and the wormes breeding in diem : the lame alfo.mixcd with Axungia, and applyed to foule corrupt and filthy Vlcers and fores, clenfeth and heale th them, by cooling the heatc and reprefflng the fliarpenetfe of the humors, flowing unto them: Whereas divers have written that the frequent life of the feede inwardly taken is very dangerous, \ is no other- wiic true, then as it falleth out in all other great cooling herbes, as NightlRade, Houfeleeke, Henbane, and the 1 ike, wmen are all lafe herbes, being wifely and conveniently applyed: but ignorance, raflinefle and indiVerction . in the applying of remedies, hath alwayes done more harme and brought more difcredic unto them, then any danger in them can threaten it: and therefore it is no: Efficient to know that a medicine is good for fuch a di- feafe. TR IBE ,Z. f»afeTftherewunt judgment and difcretion, how, to whom, and when to apply it; and this 1 thinke is a good caveat for women leeches, and impudent bold praaifers of Phificke and Surgery. Kali. Glafleworcor Saltwort. plcre are diverfc forts of Kali, with the allies whereof they ufe to make glaffe, and other things, 1 which were none of them knowne to the ancient authors, but remembred onely by the later Am- j Philofophers and Chymickes, of which Imeane toentreate in this Chapter, and becaufedi- 1 verfe doethinke,that fome of thefeisthe Anthylliialtera Ajugi foltis of DufccriJes, for thelike- ■ ne ffe they have with them; I will in the next chapter, fhew you all thofe herbes called Anthyllides, that are mod worthy of that name; for unto fome herbes the name zAnthyllti is falfely impofed, whereof 1 meanenotheretofpeake. ... _ i. Kali majus cochlaitum. Great Glaffe wort with Snaile-like feede. The great Kali rifetli up with a bigge round reddifhflefhyflalke, very like unto T-urflaine, twofoote high or thereabouts, divided into many branches, whereon doe grow many thicke, long, round flefhy leaves, pointed at the ends, growing without order,fometimes but one or two,and more often,more Handing at a place;here and there alfo difperfed upon the branches,come forth fmall yellowifh flowers,and after them lmall brownilh heads, turned round like fnailes, wherein lye lmall round feede : the roote is fomewhat long, with many fibres there¬ at and perilbeth every ycare, after it hath given feede for the molt part: this hath an evill taftc but fa!- 2, Kali minus album. Small white Glaffe wort. This letter white Kali, hath diverfe whitirti greene branches rifing from the roote, nothing fo high as the for¬ mer, and bending or leaning downe to the ground, fpreading it felfe into other fmaller branches,, full of joynts; whereon grow snore (lore of fmaller and fhorter, round and pointed leaves, nothing fo flcfhieas the for¬ mer, and of the fame pale greene colour with the P.alke6: the flowers arc white, and Hand fingly on the toppes of the branches r after which come fmall huskes, wherein lyeth the feede, which is fmall blacke and finning, like unto Sorrell feede : the roote hereof likewife is fmall white and wooddy,and perifheth after it hath givenfeede, 3. Kali cy£ajftiacum. Glaffewort of Egypt. Th ^Egyptian Kali growetli up with one (lender ftalke, bending it felfe ctownewards, and branching forth at the j'oynts into other fmall ones, which for the mod part (land move upright, and at every of the j’oynts, two ve¬ ry long and fomewhat hayrie leaves, bowing themfelves downe wards, becaufe of the length of them : the (mall branches are bare without leaves unto the toppes or ends of tbem, where there grow many lmall and long leaves, hayrie like the former, but nothing fo long : from among which grow fmall whitifh purple flowers, with many fmall threds in the middle of them 5 Of this fort there is fome other with shorter leaves differing AlhJf a • in little elfe. . l(alicochkatum majui. Great OlaffcvYort. . 1 . m : ^So Chap.56. Theatrum Botaniam. Tri BE Iff [f: 4. Salicornia five i(ali genicuintHtn* Io/mctl GlaflcvYorc, Kjilige- zicala- utm ru~ Irum, 4. KaligtmcHlatUm five Salkmia. Ioynted Slaffewort: this joyntcd/vd/i rifeth up ufually, but with one upright round thicke,almofttranfparent ftalkc, afootehighor better, thicke fet and full of j'oynts or knots, without any leaves at all on them, but (Looting forth joynts, one out of another, y with fhort cods at the heads ofthem,and alfo fuchlike fmallerS branches on all (ides, and they alfo divided into other (mailer S ones; this is thought to beare neither flower nor fecde, the ' roote is fmall long and threddie. There are fome other kindes hereof found, differing a little in the forme of the j'oynts one from another, and one that is wholly reddi(li,not differing in any thing elfe from the forme of the other j’oynted ones. The Place '. The firft: groweth by the fea (ides, in divcrfe places both in Syria, Africa,Italy ,and Spainefis alfo in Provence and Arjuitaine or (jafcoignc ,where alfo they fow large fields theroflfor the pro¬ fit is made thereof! The fecond groweth not onely in thole places, but in other colder climates alfo, and not onely by the Sea, but by the Salt pits in Saxonie as Camerarins faith, and up¬ on our owne coafls likewife in many parts, efpecially of the Weft Countries; the third is more particular to Egypt as rAl- pintu faith, yet Cohtmna faith it is frequent on the Neapolitan t Weft (hore. The laft is generally growing among other Sea' plants,in all Countries almoft, and on our coafls in many places, as alfo in Saxony and other places of Cjermanyc, where there , are lakes of fait water, whereof they make fait. The Time. They all flourilh in the Sommer, and thofe that perifh give their feede in Augnjl and fometimes later: the laft abideth the ^Winter. The Names. The name Kali ami firft from the later hrMamfls it is commonly thought (for Pena thinketh that none of the ancient writers either Greckes or Arabians■ have made any mention of them, or of their propertie to make glaffe,which was not made butof the alhes of this hearbjof the fame a(Les alfo made into a lye beirw bovled with oyle was ufed to be made our ordinary fope; out ofthefaid alhes alfo they extrafled a fait called^/ Kali nr Sal Alkali, fo much defired andufedby Chimijls ; for the herbe being dryed and burnt inoreat quantitieto°e ther, doth melt, and rnnnemto alumpeof ablackifli a(h colour, and is called by diverfe Jo* and of fome A lumen C a, '« am > or peradventure Calinum, onely by the alteration of one letter: and of the allies of anv of thele lierbes, but efpecially of the 3 former forts, beaten to powder and mixed with a certaine kind of fand the piaffe men by theheate of fire, in their fornace being molten, doe makethofe fine Ghriftall glaffes fcrviccable to dnnke in (but thofe other glaffe bottles, &c. which ferve to keepe Role water, and other diftillcd waters in are made of other things, as alfo that glade which ferveth for the Windowes of houfes) and from this olaffe while it is in the furnace a boyling and refining, rifeth a kinde of feumme, which they that tend die furnace doe dill gently takeof; and thisis called A xungiavitri, inFrench Suindeverre ; the fait of glaffe, and wee’in EnoliH, much thereafter Sandiver, and is indeed but the fait part of the aflics feparated by the fire from the reft of the molten fubftance, for it tafteth like lalr.and will relent,grow moyft.and confiime like falt,if it be not continually kept dry as it is: Of the allies of the Kali like-wife relented into a lye, and boyled with oyle of Ol ives thev of Spainepc. life to make a kind of hard fope towafli with, the one fort comming from Spaine See ; we call Caftle fope, another from Venice, &c. white or Venice fopejbutnow it being for the moft part (pent in making of piaffe there are found out other things fufficient, to make our ordinary fope .at a farre eafier and cheaper rate The firft is called of Lobel and Tena in their Sdverfaria, Kali magnum Sed, medii fotiisfemine cochleato - Matthiolm fand CafiorT) mantes following him in all things) in deferibing this kind confoundeth it with the laft, makiiip them feeme but one.G-amerarim nametli it Kali coehleatum majw, and faith it is that hmhyliis falfa , that lohanncsMaior doth mention in thefe Epitaphicall verlcs. J - Seiner is mafia, falfaejne Anthjllidis herb a JFormari fiimmis lucida vitra folent. Sic cinis ater eram, cineres nmc folvor in atros Sed nitidtm [ammo corpus babebo die , . calleth it K «li majus cochleato femine. Ccfalpinus S alfoU genus in hortis, and is generally called of moft a n a i W1 e e “ ?T eth J 4 r :the ftcond is ufually called Kali album, & in French as Tena faith diltinftlon irom the former: it is alfo called minus for the fame canfe,& is ufually called in Italy where it eroweth *?f ! ,‘ tlS veryhkelytobeA^yffir Chamapitj fimilitof Cor das, in his Annotations upon B lofccridl, and is likely alfo to be the Anthydoides ot Tbahus in his Harcyniafylva,Bauhmiu calleth it Kali minus villofum- the third IS the third fort of Kah ,y£gjpt,Km with Prof per A/pinus, becaufe it is more proper to Egypt than to other places as he thinketh: Bauhims calleth it KalnAigiptiaciim folds valde Unfit hirfntis. The laft is called of mod writers Kali Tribe?. The Theater of T lants . C HAP. 59. jCali genic ttlatum, and of tonic Salicornitt, of Cordw in Obfervationtimfylva , Anthyllisconflans veluti triticigra = to. and of Ci:filpiniei,Sa/fil£gentnalim,iusc 3 \\cdmE!)gliJi Glaffewort and Saltwott of fomc ; the people that dwell neareitby the Sea fide, call it Progge grade and Crab grade. The Vertues. All thefe forts of Kali have a denting qnalitie in them, without any manifed heate ; the pouder of any of them, or the juyce which is much better, taken indrinke doth purge downewardsflegmaticke,waterifh and adult or melancholike humors, and therefore are often ufed for the dropfie, to provoke urine, and to expell the dead birth, 9 S alio to open the obftruftions of the liver and ofthc fpleene, and to confume the hardneffe thereof; they are fomtitnes mixed with thofe things, that are ufed as corrolives to confume proud or fpongie fupetfiuous flefh,that groweth in foule and virulent ulcers, but the aihes themfelves are very fliarpe and biting like acaudikc, and the lye that is made thereof is foftrong, that it will fetch off the skinnefrom the hands, or any other part of the body; and therefore if any ufe it to clenfe the skinne irom fpottes, freckles, morphew, or the like, they had neede to be cautelous in the tiling ofit, and apply it very fparingly, or delay it fufficiently, and foit may doe good. If the Sope that is made of the lye of the allies of thefe ICalies or Saltworts.be fpreadupon apeeceof thicke courfe browne paper,cut into the forme of their fhooe foie that are caufually taken fpeechles, and bound to the foies of their feete it will bring againe the fpeech and that within a little time after the applying thereof, if there be any hope of being reltored while they live : this hath beene tried to be effeffuall upon diverfe perfons: Sandiver worketh much to the fame effect with Kali: it is uied often being made into pouder either to be bio wne into horfes eyes, or being diffolved fquirtcd into them, to take away any skinne that beginneth to grow there, and dimme the light 1 both oftlicmlikewifefervetodrie up running fores and fcabbes, tetters, ringwormes andths like, and to helpe the itch. C H AP. L IX. Ainbylli t maritima. Sea Chickwecde and fea ground Pine; iofcorides maketh mention of 2. forts of Anthyllit only .the one with leaves like homilies, the other with leaves like unto Ajug* or ground Pine, unto each of thefe fome have appropriated certain: herbes, and called them after thofe names, becaufe they nearefl: refemble them ; but it is judged an hard matter certainely to affirme any of them for the right: of the moft likeliefl of them, as I faid before I fhall fpeake in this Chapter, and referre thefe other forts that are not properly called An. thy His, unto their proper places. 1. Anthyllis mxrititr.a inettna. Hoary fea Chickweede. This fmall Anthyllit alfo hath, diverfe hoary branches,fee with many final! whitifh or hoary leaves by diflances 1 . Anthyllit mantima incancL -inthyllu maritima lent 'tfolia* Hoary Sea Chickweede. Sea Cinckweedc with Lenulhke leaves. 181 3. Anthyllis alterdbctb(Liiornm- Sea Ground Pine. Chap. 6o. Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. ___________________ RIBB 2" about them, as fmall as any C hick weed almoft, the flowers are white, and (land at the to ppes of the(hikes after which come fmall feede. r a. Anthyfosmaritima lentifolia. Sea Chickweed with lentill like leaves.' This Lentill leafed Antbyllit, hath diverfe fhort crefted branches lying upon the ground, of a pale swetie — 1 lour, and not much above an hand breadth long, fpreading forth diverfe fmall branches, whereon are fer m, , fmall winged w hicilb greene leaves,many together upon a llalke,fomewhat like unto thofe of the letter Lenr'il Z fomewhat narrow ; the flowers Hand at the toppes of the flalkes and branches, like pointed flarres ofaveli greene colour, after which come three fquare heads, like unto a Tithymall or Spurge, wherein is containedSi round feede: thisalfo is fait inthetafte, but fomewhat bitter and hot withall. ° ntame 5 fma, $ 3 - Anthyfoi alter* herb ariorttnt. Sea ground Pine. This AnthyBU (which is referred unto the fecond Antbyllit of ‘Diofcorides, and that not without sood f d ' ment J hath divers hard hairy flalkes, with out branches upon them, whereon doe grow many fomewhat1 SC ' and narrow leaves without order one above another, thicke bulbing at the toppe, fomewhat like unto rhnfi. t- Chamapitys or Ajuga, but dented about the edges and hairy alfo, fomewhat of a warming hot tafte and fhr, ° unpleafant favour: the flowers (land among the leaves upon the branches, like unto the flowers of Cham**;,,, gronud Pine, but of a purple reddilh colour, after which come fmall grayilb rough feede, fomewhat i„„„ r „„ for the moft part in every huske: the roote is fomewhat thicke and white. me what long, foute The Place . The firfl groweth neare the fea mNxrkneoi France as?™ faith, as alfo in the Icingdomc of Valent;,, Spxtne, as C/ufiae faith. 1 be fccond hath beene found in the Hand of Portland i„ the Weft parts of this land L ° M > and fee forth in his Adverfaria : the Iaft groweth about Mompclier, and was alfo found P bv C Mm iiS tugall and Valentia. J v i . "J tJllZ The Time, They flower in July and Auguft, and their feede is ripe in September. The Names. It is called in Greeke Pettit, mLatine alfo AmhyUit, y'aafi florid* dittaviietur. There is' much' control verfie among Writers concerning thefe Ar.thylhdes, imputing them to be fome of Diofcorides, every one a m ft fettmg forth fome herbe or other under the name of the one or other Antbyllit, f up p 0 fing them to be the iehr t°db r r7 t' m ' and ‘ S fet fbrCh Undcr the ™me ° f PdLycZPaZrloi^1fZ&‘ maritima Pep/m efigie -by Durantes AtithyllU minima & is the AnthiUis Portland' /° r”r^ lcnt ‘folia The laft is called bv thnfe of Momnelier T,i tu^TZ Z fZ'Z.fB'T" l ml *”** f «« of IatgUmenJis. Ynilnl’Pd frt hp fha A uitLn.ll . -X. . f tys altera vermimlata , Sedi cffioie ; for hehtmfelfe mifliketh to call ir AmbAH .,. •„Y C , unto, in cogiparifon of the other he calleth AmhjUis Chamapityoidcs Ind’cMed^va^o^chalZu^t AAompehcr f but affuredlythe Antbyllit alter* Chamspity limi/it of Cordm ■ .• Mo f c ^ M . a by thofe of ofiorides and the Snthylloides minor ofThalmt arenoneofthein frutePtenteill »i bis annotations upon ‘Di- - -»“ ■” *«■** z ver, helpeiull to the isinc, and bladder and ta provoke urine, abalfo moKifie die hardmllS'e ofthe deerer 1 Pa they uled it much and to every good pt.rpofe to purge and clenfe the blond, when it waxed foule Xh^^ eth that moft of the fea plants, whether faltifh or not,have a clenfinv nualirv in Zj iZ’ mcl, / he w- applied, if wifely conflicted, and experience made ofthem. 3 q 7 * ’ m,ght be t0 S ood eifefl Chap. lx. Chamepitysfive Iva Arthretica, Ground Pine or herbe Ivie.’ fmall and yellow, or white , the roote is like tha- of Snrrn? 3 v, e “j trar / 0 pi"*on) the flowers ar branches ofa cubit Ion* crooked Uke an^ A. “ 3 ^ of ^ and ha * very fma feede, and ftnelleth alfo like the Pine tree fnrPi/h tree 3 V e , tbef °™ eT > buthath a white flower and black male which is a fmall herbe, havinn whftc bail f' ,M leaves : the third which is called th flowers; the feede groweth under deleaves and fmpllcfb ?/' 3 ’ tbe ^ lkea,fo rou gh and white, with yellov quality like the former but vveaker. £ Wves>and d i ne ^ etn a ^° as the Pine ( or Pitch leaves) boththefc are i i. Cham- i. C httmiepitys vulgttrU. The ordinary or common Ground Pinei Our common Ground Pine groweth low, feldome riling abovr an handbreadth high, (hooting forth diverfc fmall branches, fet with (lender (mall long narrow grayifti or whitifh leaves, fome what hairy, and divided into three parts many times, many bufliing together at a joint, and fometimes alfo fome growing fcatteredly upon the (hikes, fmelling fomewhat ftrong like unto Roden ; the flowers are very fmall, and of a pale yellow colour growing from the joynts of the (hikes, all along among the leaves, after which come fmall long, and round huskes : the toote is fmall and wooddy periflhing every yeare. 2. Cbamtpttys odoratior The fweete Ground Pine, This other Ground pine is alfo a fmall herbe, growing up with many hairy and hoary white (lender branches^ not above an hand breadth high, whereon are fet many fmall long leaves, yet (hotter than the former, hairy alfo and hoary white not in tufts or bufhes, but growing by couples clofc together all along the (hikes, cut in, or di¬ vided into fome parts,of a ftrong but fweeter fent,by much chan the former: at the toppes of the branches grow the flowers many togcchcr, of a pale yellowilh white colour: the roots is fomewhac long and flefhy like the toote of Succory or Dandelion, with many fibres thereat, but ftnaller. 3. Chamtcpitys Auftrittca Clujij. Clufiui his Ground Pine of hujlrit,. This kind of Ground Pine hath diverfe fquare ftrong hairy (hikes, a foote long, with many joynts on them,, whereat grow, two fomewhat long and hard leaves, fomewhat like unto the firft but broader, greene and fhining on the tipper fide, and fomewhat hoary and full of veines on the underfide, divided into three or foure parts, or fometimes into more, fomewhat hot in talfe but not unpleafant, nor of any dilpleafing fent: from the joynts fpring forth (mailer branches, with the like leaves on them but lefl'er divided, and toward the toppes nothing ac all but fmooth, and long like unto Rofemary leaves ■ from the upper joynts and ends of the (hikes and branches (land diverle gaping flowers, like unto Germander, of a deepe purple or violet colour, for the mod part, but fometimes of a lively red colour, and fometimes of a bleaker blew, or skie colour, the lower leaves or chappes of the flowers being whitifh, fpotted with reddifh fpots: after which come blacke flhining fomewhat long and cor¬ nered feede, foure for the mod part enclofed in every of thofe rough huskes, wherein the flowers flood before s the roote is compofed of many blacke and hard flrings, growing fomewhat deepe in the ground, and fpringing a- freflo every yeare. 4. Chamtpitys actulterinafeuVfeudo Chum/ipitys. Badard Ground Pine. The baflard Ground Pine is a fmall low bufhing herbe, very like unto the common kinde, having fmall hairy (hikes, (et full of long hairy leaves all alongfl them, patted into three long parts, of no fent almofl, but an un¬ pleafant herby one rather, the flowers fland at the joynts with the leaves, at the toppes ofthe branches, very like unto thofoofthe common Ground Pine, but of a white colour,and fomewhat greater: die feede that follweth is grayifh.greaterthan the common and rounder,foure forthe mod part contained in every huske: the roote is fomewhat thicke and white ahd abideth the Winter. The place. The firdisthe mod common in our land, yet not growing in manyothe'r (hires thereofthen Kent, asfarreas ever (could yetheareor learne : but there it groweth in many places, from on this fideTWr/Walong to South- fleete, Cobbam and Rochefter , and upon Chattani downe hard by the Beacon, and halfe a mile from Rocheffer in a field nigh a houfe called Selfey. The fecond is more rare to be found faith Ptmt % who onely faw it on the dry hills and 2S4 Chap. 6 o. 3. CkaiTUpiljs Aufirtac* Clufij, civfius bis Allfirm Ground Tine, 4 Cbamepitjs adultertos feu Ffiudo Cbamapitrs* Baftard Ground Pine. and higher medowes of Sway,but heard it grew alfo by Genua. The third Clufiu, faith he found t, mile and a halfe from Vienna in Attjhia,and in other places there abouts. The laft C IttRm faith o r o„?!l '^ y a unmanured places ofS paine, J o lu wetninmany 7be Time. They all flower and give their feede in the Sommer monechs. The Names, It is called in Greeke and in latinc alfo C hamapitjt, auafi humlmmu r r „:a L~r . . led alfo in Latine A jet a a and Abivj ab abietis odoye, as />«»* thinketti burr/rbem ft nU f,- ^ lc *kefore:itiscaI- rando abortu : and as Pliny faith '.Dicitur propter abrtue, Ecclipfis of Ajaaa) call it Iva, and adde thereto Antarctica or rather Artbrytica becaufe oflhe 'r ‘ S lke y byan cing helpe to the gout and other joint aches: the firfl is generally in thefe daies helde by the bclfmlf kind of Diofiorides, and not the firff as C Matthiolui and others make it- rhe femnd is cL L 1 , “ bc the third 3 „d Ca j! ! ° r/V'c r „ tS Pa ^ c> and i s the third'fort both 6 third IS retnembred firft by C lufm, from whom others call it C hamapity, Aulinaca and cerulZ u ' Tlle is mod likely to be his C hamedrys tAujlriaca, mentioned in his Pir.ax and deOriPnd t ■ p and alio C ‘.lupus calleth Pfeudo Chamapitys and LabelCamcpitys adulterina-T)odona M calleth it G 'hamtiT'a' TilC putteth two figures thereof, whom % £ dunenjis folloUh therein.-it Ground Jvie after the latine word Iva: and field CiprelTe after the low jDwA name "d f ’ ^ not after the Grmane name Verjifs men mcht ; for which name tMatthiolm findeth fault with whofe Germane Apothecary fo inform: d him; and faith it is called by the Germane Pe/enTr * r ^ av . 0,M ’ longer the more lovely, which asPew and Label faiy, is the more proper name of Ti n’/ ‘ * 1 ', hat 15 thc Nightfhade; it is called of the Italians Chmcpitya, and Iva ■ and of the Spaniard! p yf ‘‘ T?*’ the Wood the French Iv . ^ and arteti.ue: and ? o/ die A^ ^ ***** of . The Vertnes. J ar d P ri^S^^^^^^i^f^^thcTe^nesanTurlnefand^llieciSly ptmd'alfb'foraUobftr^^’h 1 ' and the pulpe of figges: it doth alfo mcrveloufly helpe all the difeafe of t™ mother uld; H P ? , l,der thei : cof outwardly, procuring the courfes, expelling the dead child a»d afterbirth yea ins o oowerf 17" y u 7 P JP 1,ed for Tribe 2 , The Theater of 'Plantes. for fometime tovethcrifor which pcrpofes the pilles that are made with the ponder of Grourd Pine, and of her- rtodattyleswtinVenwc Turpentine are very effeftualljthefe pilles alfo are of a fpeciall good life for thofe that have the dropfie, to be continued for fome time ‘.-the fame alfo is an efpeciall good helpe for die jaundife, and alfo for thofe that have any griping paines in the belly or joynts, or any other the inward parts: it lielpcth alfo all difeafes of the braine, proceeding from cold and flegmaticke humors and diflillations, as alfo for the falling fickneffe; it is an efpeciall remedy for the poifon of the Aconites of all forts, and other poifonfiill herbes, as alfo againft the ftin- eiiw of the Scorpion, and all ether venations creatures;it is a good remedy for a cold cough efpecially in the be¬ ginning, dr that it bee nor growne inveterate : it pfocureth alfo fweate if it bee anointed, faith P&^biri I applied like other fudorificks, it is likely to bee more convenient for all thefe purpofes aforefaid the herbs being tunned up ill new drinke, and drunke, is almolf as effiftuall, but farre more acceptable to weake or dainty ftomackes: Andthediftilled water of the herbe aifo hath the fameefi'eft but more weakely; the cenferve of the flowers doth the like, which Matthiolut much commendeth againfl the palfic : the greene herbe or the deco* flion thereof hying applied, diffofteth the hardnelfe of the wemans brells, as alfo all other hard tumors iri any other part of the body : the greene herbe alfo applied, or the juyee thereof with fome hony, dothnofc onely clenle putride and flunking, foule and malignant and virulent ulcers and fores of all forts, but healeth andconglutinatethorfodercthupthelippesof greene wounds in any part alfo,: Cftitttthhlu! commendeth cer- taine pilles againft the Palfie,which are made in this manner ; Take faith he, of Ground Pine, Staxhas, Betony and Rofemary flowers,of each one dram, of Turbith one dram and a halfe,of Agarick two drams,of Cojotynthis fialfe a dram, of (Singer and Sal gemme of each ten graines,of Rubarbe one dram and a halfe, of Spiknard feaveu graines,of the ponder called Hicrapicrs.fimplex halfe an dunce, of diagridium one dram; let all thefe be made up into a malfe,according to art, with the juice of Ground Pine • ("but I would and thinke it more convenient, 1 am fare more dtirablefthat it be made up into a maflfe, with a Syrupe made of Honyor Sugar and the juice of thS herbe,) for fo they will not dry or wax hard fofoone, of a dram whereof let nine pills bee made, and three of them taken by thofe that are paralitick,every night when they goe to bed ■ and this faith he will give a preftnt and fpeedy helpe. Chap. LXI. ft Cochlettria, Spoonewort or Scrirvigrafie. I.though our Englifh Scurvigraffe groweth plentifully in the fait marfhes, in many places of orr fometimes longer and narrower, fometimes alfo fmooth on the edges, and other whiles a littls i. Cocblearta lulgdrU* CommonScurvigraffc^ a. Cochlcaria major rotundifolia five Batavorum » ©inch or Garden Scurvig-raffe. 2S6 Chap. < 5 i. Tbeatrum ^Botamcum. Tri B _ K.2. waved,for aU thefe formes are to be feene.as alfo plaine fmooth and 'pointed,& fometimes a lirtlThTi i— j • , middle,and round pointed,of a fad green colour, & fomewhat brownifh fometimes,every one Lnd nTvIr C [ I upon a long foote llalke,which is brownifh or greenilh alfo. from among which rife fmall flender ftalk J ring a few leaves thereon like the other, but longer and leffer for the molt part • at the tops whereof r bea ~ !J n y whmfh flowers.with yellow threds in the middle; handing about a greene head which f § r ° w ™ a -1 veflell, winch will be fomewhat flat when it is ripe,very like unto fome of the kinds of Thlafbi 0 r Trc * Ce< * hard, wherein is contained reddilh feede, tailing fomewhat hot: the roote is made of many whitelh ^ 't",' "■ (licke deepely m the mudde, w herein it chiefly delighteth t yet will it well abide in the JaYe j SS ’.™ hlch T , - r„ ?•, Ccc jL kar j* m /j° r nt «”*'iff “five Batavmm. The great Dutch or Garden ScurviVraffe a id I S D n tC 1 °j? ardcn Sturvigraffe (which is moll knowne and frequent in gardens) hath divers fren, ai dalmofl round leaves nfing from the roote, nothing fothickeas the foifier, yet in fo mepHccsa?;'I hrong dunged ground, very large, even twice fo bigge as in others, nothing at all dented abou-X’ d anch I with any fallible hoi owneffe, perceived in the middle, every one alfo (landing upon a lon« foorch m gCS, f ' 10r 1 among thefe rife up divers long (lender weake (hikes, higher then the former! a P nd w £h more tL } r 9 thr rn sol.which turne into fmaller pods, and (mailer brownifh feeds then °r ^ ma * E lilrefpfce ! 8 wb te,bllab a "d ^ red d y ; the tad of this is nothing fait at all, but hath an hot aromaticadl tafte°a{moft -rlitcf u c nr 5- Small Dutch Scurvigraffe This fmall Scurvigraffe growethlike the laft.with many fmall roundiih leaves, fometimes a i;»t- the edges,not bigger then the nayle of ones litter finger, every one upon his ownc foore (lalke 1 < ? UI ?Pi ed aC the winter if it be lowed before winter, or that it rile from it owne fowing otherwife if fr h r Ch ablde M fpnng itaooteth forth divers long (lender flalkes lying on the ground a fo^te long or beater b l° WCn ln tbe fuch like fmall round leaves,very thinly fetup to the tops,whereon doe (land many fmall whirr „^ herco " grow lall, but much fmaller, according to the proportion of the plant, with fmall feede anWrL^T'^’ llked,e roote is very fmall confiding ofa few Fibres, which penfh as foone as it hath oerfeflld ^ r cl ; erei!nt0 = the fpnng up agame in the fame place o where it doth (heditfelfe- for doe wtet vou can ° ; a ? d wil1 any ripe feede,there will be fome (hed before you can gather it W y almoft,if you will gather inches long but lying upon the ground like HeenUri* or r“ OT fourc another fmall one, as though ic differed from this lad which Therefor nil a « h p r°* r om w fetteth fortli ThefirdgrowethallalongthcThamesCde, on both the ifcand A’rat'a n, t , , brackilh Sea water is felt, round about the Seacoafts even to ‘Dover as alfo from n ’ from Woehmch where the 3 to Ponfmomh ,and even to Trifle where it is had in plenty but I have1ST' T ab ° Ut the coafta I Northern coads at alhBut the other with round leaves groweth in tli mwfhL growcth on the ! Ill" * fo I c 0W . Col,ntr . les alfo in the other places of Lieeelefiire bv thes2 ,l ' a ” dm . L '” c ° ln ' Ji,re fi s well I been alfo found growing upon fnglehoroHgh hill in Lancxjhirc,z((utc d me bv a » rrh r 6 t,iereabouts: Tt bath r MTmftall, remembred in my former booke for many things found gmud™ ^ G u e n r t,ew oman M«. I which were not knowne to be growing in England, and^here^f’ fhee lent me In'f thof i e P arts b F be r meanes, jj the truth; Iheare alfo that it groweth nigh unto a Caftle in the Peake of ” C f r a mamfeftation of J at the lead from the Sea,and that the late tarle of Rutland m i divers other ner/^’ W p Ich “3° m| lesdidanc ;j brought from thence for their owne ufe . it profpereth Wed in Gardens bef no ?" agCS - 0t S ood n0K - had fome fliadowed places, and yet it will endure the Sunne alfo: many i„ many upland § r™, r " f °T C and cold 1> ufe to fow good quantities thereof, for their owne fpending or to make profit °r i',”' and ’ doe 110 w 1 fmaller forts have beene brought unto us from Dnjrke, w Le they grow inIn Rand^ cafled = The ti. ti n , . The Time. “grin. They all flower betimes even in oftentimes^and fo oT&_y,a„d give their ripe feede quickly after. It is thought that none of thefe were knowne unto any of the ancient Gree Ice r»r To t-* • ^ fome^doe imagine it to be the TMfmU* that nli,y maketh mention ofon his ° s al T cfo,?’ f ° r aIchou g h Cj.far 6 ermameushis Souldiers were cured of the difeafe that raided Tirinnor}- rh 3-Chapter, wherewith I siamaecc and S cektnh, in plaine Englifo the Scurvey ■ (which is a difefoe tS’ ” by tl,C rh V fiti °H 3 thofe that are at Sea,then that live upon the land, but yet many have it that never wenr^ m ° re frc 'fl ucn!: “ ^ fca,) Which Plmy defenbeth to have a blackilh leafe fomewhat Ion- and a blacke T- e I e F ( aw t,5 e Ji ke F betaketh {iomDiofcoriiiei\\\s Britamica, whom GalcnMo fodowerh A ■ °° te ’ &c - which it is very vo°u C ma’v bUt h ,r ry - and 3 f ? aU r00te : Ge ^ tatehTt St t.Sc! ' ;feedTv rfo a wild i r™nd y W u P5 rc f lve by comparing them cannot be Britamka-M is fo called from the for T r*™’ as round as well as hollow ; we call them mod commonly Scurvigraffe and nor fn„n. forme of a fpoone, being to difhnguifh them,call the one En'glifo.the other Dutch Scmv grafl t ^ namC - and afir ■ *• - “ t **~- ■» w —at porpofe, and the hwbe rnmed upinncwdrinSc, ri.te, by id ftlft, orwi.S o,l«S" K'p/S.tbS” Elions i. R- 3 C sr. 3. a. 3. JT o’ ri Tribe z. 7be Theater of T1'ants. Chap.<5z,. 2 87 ftions and evacuateth cold clammie and flegmaticke humors, both from the liver the fcatc of biood, and the fpleene, wafting and confuming both the fwelling and hardneffe thereof, and thereby bringing to the body a more lively colour: the juycc alfo helpeth all foule ulcers and fores in the mouth, if it be often gargled there¬ with, and ufed outwardly doth clenfe the skinnefrom fpots, markesor fcarres that happen therein: thecon- ferve made of the leaves thereof I meane the round leafed kind, is a line delicate medecine for weake and tender ftomackes, and worketh to the fame eftedf, although a little flowly. Chap. LXII. Fumaria. Fumiterrie. JHere are diverfe kinds of Fumiterrie, as they fhall be declared by and by; but there are accounted \ as kindes thereof, the Fumaria bulbofa, or Radix Cava, whereof I have fet forth all the forts in my I former booke: 1 will therefore here only give you 1'ome figures of them without further deferiptions; yet of each of thefe kindes we have received from Canada, one which fhall bee fet forth accor¬ dingly. i. Fumariavulgaris. Common Fumiterrie. Our common Fumiterry is a tender fappy hearbe,fending forth from one fquare (lender weake ftalke, and lea. ring downewards on all lides,many branches two or three foote long, with finely cut and j igged leaves, of a whitifh or rather blewifh fea greene colour, home what like unto Coriander leaves; at the topp.es of the branches (land many (mail flowers, as it were in a long fpike, one above another, made like little birdes, of a reddilh pur- ple colour with whitilh bellies: after which come final! round huskes, conteining fmall blackilh feede: the d’ubenft roote is yellow fmall and not very long,full of juyee while it is greene,but quickely perifhing with the ripe feed: In the cornefields of Cornwall this bcareth white flowers. 3. F antariaminorfive tcnuifolia. Fine leafed Fumiterrie. * This fmall Fumiterrie groweth not fo high but more upright than the former, with (lender fquare ftalkes, whofe lower leaves are very like unto thofe of the former Fumiterry & of the fame colour but fmaller, but thofe that grow above upon the ftalke, are fmaller and finer cut in, and the higher the finer and (mailer, the highefl even as fmall as Fennell leaves the flowers grow in the fame manner that the other doe, but rather more'ftore together, of a deeper reddifh purple mixed with whiteand yellow, the feede and roote is fmall and white, but like the former: this is not altogether fo bitter, but more (harpe than the other. 5, Fitmariamajor Cretica. Candie Fumiterry. This Candy Fumiterry groweth with crooked bowing fquare ftalkes, like the common, and of the fame 2. Funarin vulgaris & tenuifolia. Common and fine leafed Fumiterrie. 4 Fumaria lutea mmta.no.. Yellow Fumiterrie. M'H fli afjl , I I L I ’ !| |fl:? IBE 2 4 llo low rooee. 7. Radix Car:a viridiflare. Hollow roote with a ore cue flower. 7- Fttmriafubero/a florcvirldi. Round rooted Fumiteriy with greene flowers. l'| !.“<•' |f | 4 |> TR IBE.2. The Theater of Thants. Chap.65. height, the leaves are as finely cut in and divided as the lath and of the mi,,,,- t,,- r , ~T ~ not fo tender and fappie: d/e flowers at the toppes ofthe branches are Hke theother^ colour, marked with browmfh fpots: the feede and rootes differ not from the former. ‘ * ’ bUC ° F WHCe 4. F/maria fatea montana. Yellow Fumiterrie Tiie yellow Fumiterry groweth like the other Fumiterries, about a foote h/h with mam, n the common Fumiterry, or hke unto thofe of the Furmria bitlbofa.at Radix Cava thehollr JL IeaV£s I‘be unto ofthe fame He with grcenc colour with them the flowers are fellow afeme ph e whim & the toppes ofthe branches lire the other, in fotrne of little birdes as Matthielm fetteth it forth bothtl fcription and figure, but Lobcl and Lncdunenjis fay they are {We fufhinn r,i-r „ ^ r i , / ’ k 0 ™ byl-usde- frnall Pilewortf and yet both of themfivethe figuresLw°sof <* hke little birds, and liotftarre fafhion like the Pilewort: after the flowers ire naif ? u . mitcrr y long pods, like unto the Chtlidmiummajas orKadix cava .but leffer- wherein isrnrrLnpPr l- ■I ornes andround, and fomewhatflactifli feede:^ the roote is combed of ^7^1/ i rf B r'if ne .^ ia " "°" s b ““ 5. Fdmariajiliqttofa Americana. Indian Fumiterry. The ftalkehereof nfeth to be about a foote high, the leaves are in formeand rnfnnr .■ laft but larger enduring greene all the winter : the flowers grow /pike fa fhion on the toppe ofth^ftX^ ^ like thole of the Hollowroote, whole bellies are blufli and mouth e, gold -r paler ve'bw-lie (bed/ F f ? rn J ed crooked long pods, being round,flattilh and yellowiflr. theroote 1 thicke and fib ouT the will i'° ntelned m bitter than the ordinary, and therefore more effeftuall. ' 1 ' vhole P lant ls more 6 Fumarja albalatifolia. aiming Furr.itei tie. ;ovr^^th«:3*do;aTSi iSToFa bi^^ti 181 ^ of fmai11 ^ • r « : : “l the C °T 1 rr W f o! ' fmal1 branche s S come forth many faafl whitifti floVerf tip"with bluflr, fe together nothing like the to, mcr, but made hke fmall long hollow huskes or Be flow rs eld J ? five (mall points: alter winch come fmall fee. !e e, .doled in final! broad huskes or pods - the roote is S S old|!X^itrearf ePemt ° the8rpUnd ’ 8ud abid “ h thewinter ’ § ^th new braU^tr the 7. TanumatuberofA fiore viridi. Bulbous Fumiterry with a greene flower. kaVeSthereon fmall Hollow roote hath, but Ibmewhaf (land (mail greenifh flowers at feverall places ’>• l' ! ‘ m inafnive Kerne/. The firft is of all Authors called Fttmaria or Capons Famaria of Label. The fecond is called ! Fttmaria minor, or tenuifoha, to diftinguifh it from the other. The third is remembred by £7«/««by the name ; in the title and it may be alfo the Sjriaca of Camerartus. The fonrth is called Fumeria Coridalis of Matthiolm, , and of fom'e as he faith Split ■ of gejher and Tabermontanm Fumaria montana of Label Fttmaria lutea montam, , whotakethit alfo to be Chelidsmium capnitis of exFtitu, of (amerarius and Anguillara Corydjtlis, of Cefal- pinm Split VHlgo, and Split Illirica or Sclavonica berba of others. The fifth hath its name in the title, anti reckoned a kind ofthc fourth. The fixt is called Capnos of Label, who faith it is alfo called of fome Split al. bmi- of Dodansus it is thought to be the firfl Capnos Plinij, which hee faith was called in his time Pedes pallinaci, and faith alfo that lome called it Corjdalis, and Splitb ; and the common fort Corjdahon, hee calleth i *ltalfo Fttmaria altera, and Capnos phragmites, as Gefner doth alfo : but divers of the bed moderne Kerbarifls, , doe rather thinke that the Radix Cava, is the Capnos prior Plinij then'this; Carrierarim Fttmaria Clematttes, and Battbinit i Fttmaria clavicuhs donata, and is his fixe Fttmaria, and yet is the fame with his fecond, if there be not a i greater and a lefler as fome doe fet it downe. The feventh is theKadix Cava viridt flore of Label, which although 1 Haiti inns thought it to be referred to the Radix Cava as a fort thereof, yet the roote fheweth it to belong unto ( the Capnos fakacea radice, and fo both his defeription and the title which afterward he amended do declare. The : Arabians call it Schehiteng, and Sabeteregi .The Italians Fttmoterra ; the Spaniards Palamilha ; the French Fume- \ terre ■ the Germar.es Erdtrattch and Katr-enkcrnel ; the Dutch Erdtroolp.and Dttynekervel. ‘ l /. n TF kvt t J et c The Vert ties* y the bitternelfe of common Famiterrj, (it is by diverle of the bed moderne W riters held to be hot,and not >; cold as diverfe others from the Arabians have fet downe ) and fharpenefle joyned therewith, it doth open and 1 clenfe and by the drieneffe doth llrengthen and binde alter the denting. The jnyce or fyrupe made thereof, or thedecodlionmadeinwheyebyit felte, with fome other purging or opening herbes and rootes, to caufe it : worke the better, it felfe being but weake, is very cfteftuall forthe liver and fplcene, opening the obltrudfions i ! and clarifying the bloud fromfaltifhcbolerickeandaduft humors, which is thecaufe ofthelepry, fcabbes, tet¬ ters, anditches, andother fuch likcbreakings out in the skinne, and after the purging doth llrengthen all the in¬ ward parts, not leaving anv evill qualitie behind it, and therefore is reckoned a mod lale remedy againfl all the : difeafesthatrife from thofe humors, or from obftruftions that are the caufe of cholericke and putride f'eavers.- •. thefameis good alfo for the jaundife.andl'pendethitby theurine, which it procureth in abundance as exEomta i fa.tb. The ptycc thereof faith Tragus and the pouder of the roote of EJula prepared in cquall proportion, that 3 is a d'ramme.provoketh vomiting where there is caufe, being taken in warme water and cureththe dropfie: 8 becaufc it is fomewhat windie it is good to ufe anileede and fennellfecde with it: the pouder of the dried herbe : given for fometime together, hath cured a melancholy perfon as Trafavola faith, bur the feedeis ftrongefl: in c operation for all the purpi .fes afotefaid. The diflilled water of the herbe is much ufed alfo, and thought to caufe : good effeft in all the former difeafes-.andbefide, as Tragus faith conduceth much againft the Plague orPefti- . Ience, being taken with good Treakle which it driveth forth by fweate: the fame water alfo with a little water I and hony of Rotes, helpeth all the fores in the mouth and throate, being gargled olten therewith : the Juyee : dropped into the eyes clearerh the fight; and taketh away the rednes and other defefts in them, although it pro- - cure home paine for the prefent, and bringeth forth water or teares: Diofcoridei faith that it hindereth any frelh r fprinving of the haires on the eye liddes, if after they be pulled away the eye browes be anointed with the Juyee : that hath Gun Arabeck diffolvedin it; the Juyee of Fumiterry and of Docks mingled with vinegar, and thepla- - cesoently walhed or wet therewith, cureth all fores offcabbes, itches, wheales, pimples or pulhes that rife t in thefaceor hands, or in any other part of the skinne of the body. The lefler orfine leafed tumitterrj, asalfo c thccliming pnmiterrj worke to the fame purpofes but more weakely : the ycWovs Fumiterry is alfo cffeftuall 1 in moll of the dileafes aforefaid, and befides that it protjoketh urine abundantly ;■ it is very effeftuall for the e cholicke taken greene or dry in wine for many dayes. Thole Fumiteries with hollow and firme rootes are each i of them effeftuall, both againft poifon and thepeftilence being made into pouder and drunke, andt afterward the I party laidlto fweate : the fame alfo provoketh urine and helpeth the jaundife: the feede being bruifed and drunke : helpeth fluxes andlaskcs: the rootes are alfo Angular good to hcale and drie up putrid and running ulcers. Chap LXIII. Arifhkchia. Birthwort. ena'AWgjjff Lthough divers doe thinke that noneof the Ariflolochia’s or Birthworts, doe purge or open the belly < xlpKvsIlg at all, yetbecaufe Mefues the great Arabian Phyfitian, numbreth it among bis purging plants, ana t Dodansus doth in the fame manner: I thinke it not amifle to doe fo likewiie. Of thefe Birthworts, , - hh'ofrorithes and Galen have onely made three forts, which are the round, the long, and the running t Birthworts. Pliny hath added a fourth, which he calleth Tiftolochia, or Tolyrrkizjts, of all which there are fome differences obferved in thefe latter dayes, which (hall be declared in this Chapter. I. Ariflolochia rotunda vulgatior. The more ordinary round rooted Birthwort- This round tooted Birthwort, fenJeth fotth diverfe long trayling fquare [hikes, fometimes halfe a yeard long of or T R I B E 2. The Theater of Tlants. * HAP« Ariflolncbia rotunda vulgatlor* Round rooted Birthwort. 3. Ariftolochialongavera. The true long rooced Birthwort, zg t or better, not able to (land upright, but lie or leane downe to the ground, with few or no branches iffuing from them, but with many round yellowifh greene leaves full of veines,(landing at diflances without order,one be¬ yond the other,every one upon afhort footftalk;at every joynt with the leaves,from the middle ofthefe (talks up¬ wards to the top,commcth forth one long hollow flower apeece, fmaller at the bottome, broader at the top, with along peece or flippet as it were,at one fide of the top,bending downe.both of them of a deadifh yellow or fome¬ what brownifh colour,and fomewhat blackifh purple on the infide:(this flower Diofioridcs compareth to a cap or hood, which as it fhould feeme was their fafhion in his timej after the flowers are pad come in their places,fmall round and fomewhat long finite of diverfe fifes, fomeas biggeasa Wallnnt without the {hell, fiome asbigge as it is with the outward greene fhell, and fome leffer than both, which when it is ripe openeth into three parts# (hewing the feede lying in order within it, feparated by certaine skinnes fomewhat flat and round : the roote is tuberous, bunched out divetfly, of a darke or fwart colour on the out(5de,and more yellow within. Ariftolochia Clemtitis, The tunning rooted Birthwort. 3. Arijla- 2Q2 /HAP. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 2 . 2. Arijlolochia rotHndaaltera, Another round rooted Birthwort. This other Birthwort is like the former for the manner of growing, butthedalkes are more and fhorter the leaves are fomewhat greater, and have each alonger foote ftalke; the flowers are of a pale orwhitifo purple on the outflde, and browne on the infide, with a few hairesfet therein, fcarfe to be difcerned as is ufuall to all the forts: the frmte is fomewhat longer and peare fafoion, more pointed at the end: the feedeis flat, fomewhat lelTe and red •* the roote is like the other, but a little yellower. 3 . Ariflolochia longa vera. The true long rooted Birthwort. The long rooted Birthwort is fo like unto the round, that it is very hard for one not throughly exercifedin the knowledge of both todiflinguiih them: the chiefe differences be thefe, the (hike is ihorter tbeleavesare lmaller.hardt-rand paler, the flowers are more whitilh andgreenilh, but like in forme, thefruite isfomewhat long like a peare, fomewbac like the other, or lad round rooted Birthwort, but not fo much pointed • the feede diftercth not, but the roote hereof is long and not round or tuberous like the other, as bigge as a mans wreft fome- times or bigger, but modufually lefl'e, ofhalfe a foote or a foote in length fometimes. 4. Ariflolochia longa Hijpanica, The Spanifb long Birthwort. . This Spanifh kmde diffeteth very little from the lad recited long rooted Birthwort,for in the flower and room is the onely difference to be obferved; theflower in thists fomewhatmorc purple, boththe flipper or eare and the innerlide of the toppe ofthe flower : the roote likewife is foorter for the moll part,and blunter at the lower end, or nothing fo much pointed. wer S- AriJlolochU Clematitii. The running rooted Birthwort. The running rooted Birthwort,groweth with longer.dronger and rounder (hikes than the former even three or foure foote long, branched oftentimes like the long rooted kind, whereon grow much larger and broader leaves, and of a paler greene colour, then any of the other : at the joynts with the leaves come forth the flowers as the other forts doe but whereas none of them bring above one flower at a joynt, this b, ingeth three or foure like unto the red for forme, but of a pale greene colour like the long : the fruite hereof likewife is greater than any of the other, as the feede is likewife: the roote hereof hath a dronger fwcete fent than anyof the for mer, and is final er, of the bigneffe of the bigger rootes of Ajparagn, many growing from one head and running very farre under ground, and fpringmg up againe in many places, of asindurin»anatureasrhe for it never folittleapeece.be left in the ground as broken off from the red, that is taken up, it wd.fhoote forth leaves, and there grow againe, fothat oftentimes it becommethno lefl'e a plague to a ground, than a couch, or any other fuch like running or creeping herbe. " ® UC t0 3 6 . Ariflolochia Clematitii Bztica. Spanifh Climing Birthwort. The Spanifh climing Birthwort, hath diverfe fmall long twining branches, fpreading into many other fmall ones, running upon fmall trees and hedge buflaes, winding themfelves very much about them,like unto the Lea- ter Bindweedes, or like unto Hoppes,and often overtop- pmg them, whereon doe grow feverall leaves, upon long footedalkes, being round and broad , fomewhat like unto the Scammony of Montpelier , or unto the orhrr Birthworts but fliarper pointed, fmooth and greene o" the upperfide, and of a whitifh purple underneath- the flowers ftand fingly at the ;oynt, as the former fortsdoe, and not as the lad, having the longed footedalkeof any- of the fame forme, but of a fad or darke purple colour, and hairy on the infide; the fruite is as great as the lad, and fo is the feede, but openethit felle, at the botromc, contrary to all the former forts: the roote runneth into the ground like the rough Bindweede, whereuntoit is very like, of a pale whirifh colour on the outflde, and of the bipnefle of the lad, of nothing fo drong a fent as it andof no unpleafant, but of afliarpe and an adringent S. Piftolocbia Ctetua/impcrvirens. Evergrccne bufhic rooted Birthwort. 7. Piftolochla valgatior. The buflne looted Bath wort. Tribe 2. The Theater of 'Plants, Chap ,6^. 2p| 7. Piftolocbiavulgatior, Thebuflbyrooted Birthworte. The biifhy rooted Birthwort hath many (lender long branched ftalkes, a foote long or more, ftraked and cre- fted as is both the long and the round, whereon grow at diftances as in the former, diverfe round leaves,fmaller, rougher, and blacker than the long, whereunto it is'moft like, but a little waved as it were aboutthe edges :the 'flowers alfo are very like them, but in fome very datke, and inothersofagreeniOr yellow colour: the frniteis round and fomewhat long, and round at the end or point, like unto the fruiteof the firfl round kinde but fmal¬ ler, which openeth it felfe alfo as the laft before doth at the bottome next unto the [hike, and (hewing foch like feede within but fmaller: therootes are many, and fmall, bigger than bullrufhes for the moftparr, (hooting from one head with many fmall fibres thereto, of a yello wilh colour as all the reft are: this loofeth the leaves in winter as all the former doe, 8. Piflolocbia Crctica femper virens. Ever greene bufhie rooetd Birthwort of Candye, The evdr greene bufhie rooted Birthwort of Candye, fendeth forth many very (lender flexible and traylim? cornered (hikes, branching into diverfe other fmaller, about a foote long or better, and of a fad greene colour^ whereon are fet found leaves long pointed,full of veines, but leffer than the former, and of a fad greene colour, fo abiding all the winter: the flowers are like unto thofe of the long kinde, (landing upon long footeftalkes, of a very fad red colour on the outfide and yellowifh within : the fruite and feede is lmallerthan in any other; the rootes likewife are like the laft but fmaller, and fmelling fomewhat fwcet- The Place. The three firft more ordinary kindes grow as well in Narhone and Provence in France, about Mompelier in the fields and vineyards, efpecially the running kinde, that it maketh their wine, where it is frequent, to tafte there¬ of, as alfo in Spaine and Italy: the other three that are like unto them, Cheflus faith he found in Spai-ae in diverfe places; and Honorins 2 lelltts faith in C.redye alfo, in his firft Epiftle to C/uflus, and Petrus Bellomm in his firlt book ofoblervations and 17 chap, doth alfo. The leaventh groweth in the ftony Ollive yards of Provence and Spainc- and the laft in Candye. The Time. Thefe doe not flower with us until! the middle or end of Inly, and their fruit doth hardly ripen before the winter, yet in rhe warmer countries they flower and feede early: fome of thele doc flower much larer with us, if with all the care we can ufe unto them, we can prelerve them in the winter, as both the forts of long rooted and bully rooted kinds, for the other arc more hardy. The Names. Iris called in Greek deittKoflx qua flaw -m< Kojfias,i. e. optima puirperit,but mtpragnantihsu as Pliny hath it, it is good to helpe women that are ready to be delivered, and that are delivered, and not thofe that are with child, notready to be delivered, forinluch it may caufe abortment, or delii ery before the time : Informer times, when ignorance had hid in a cloud all forts of learning and knowledge, tromallourChriftian world, ma¬ ny falfe herbes were obtruded for the right, and in thofe errours many lived and dyed: but the induftry of this later age,hath fearched out, found and detefted many, and among others this of Ariflolochia ; many taking rhe ■Padx Cava major to be it, and th z minor to be the Piflolocbia o{ Pliny, but all now by the fight and knowledge of the true,are afhamed that any fitch errour fhould at any time crcepe in among wife men : There is alfo fome controverfieatnong the later authors,which fhould be the Ariflolochia Clcmatitis o( Diofcorides ■ the Apotheca¬ ries of Italy in and before Matthio/us his time, uledthis roote of Ariflolochia Clematitis in (lead of the true long Birthwort, not knowing either the true long or that this their lonoa was ‘Diofcorides his Clcmatitis : Lonicerue and others found out this errour,wrote againft it,and (hewed chat is was not the long one of Diofcorides, but his < Zlematitis ■ but CMaithioItt! contefteth againft them with many words, both for it,'and becaufc they found fault with the text in ‘Diofcorides, who faith that tAriftolochia Clcmatitis hath (lender branches, fomewhat round leaves like unto Houfeleeke, and the flowers ol Rue : The Grceke word is uir.faic.om or fempervivr.m parvitm md they thought it fhould be rather lAre meedafarttmparvttm, becaufe the Ariflolochia C/ematitis hath round leaves like Afarttm : but Matthiohu in fhewing that the words are the fame that Orihaflm hath alfo who wrote the (ame that Diofcorides did, as alfo that Serapio and Avicen have the fame words, and that there¬ fore the text is uncorrupted, would thereupon conclude, that the Ariflolochia Ivina, then ufed in the Apotheca¬ ries (hops, could not bee Diofcorides his Clematitis, and the rather,becaufe the flowers of his Clcmatitis are like Rue, which thofe of their Ariflolochia tonga are nothing like, againehe faith the rootes are fmall, longer then theother; and have a thickebarke that coveteth them, but the longe Ariflolochia oh the (hops hath a thinne rinde as all know, that have feene it: yet Matthio/ut is forced to grant, that the Ariflolochialonga, that was ufed in the Apothecaries (hops, was not the fame Ariflolochia lonyni, that ‘Diofcorides maketh mention of, hcAv then could he not perceive it to he his Clcmatitis, when he had fet forth both the long and the round,and knew that the Ariflolochia tonga of the (hops, was like unto the other two forts,but differing in rootes onely/rom them ; but faith, he thinketh it might be the Piftolochia of Pliny, or a (pecks of that kind of long, whereof no mention was made by the antient writersjyet how far from likelihood thefe words of Matthiohu are,let others j’udqe.-but afl'u- redly the text of Diofcorides, and fo likewife of thofe that have followed him, cannot be exempt from blemi(h,or elfe neither we,neither any before us, have or know Diofcorides his Ariflolochia Clcmatitis : for he in defcribin- the three forts of Ariflolochia, maketh the two former to agree in leafe,flower and fruit, and to differ onely in the roote, whereunto all doe agree, but in declaring the Clcmatitis, he fettethdownc the leafe and flower, to be farre differing, but fheweth nor what fruit it beareth,yet maketh it agree with the other two in properties, although leffe forcible: but feeing there is another herbe knowne to be fo like the other two Ariflolochia s , and to differ in nothing from them,fo much'as in the roote, which is fweete, fmall and longer then any of the other, as Diofcorides maketh his Clcmatitis to bee, and the very name Clematitis anfwerable to the plant, what fhould let it to be the right,and indeede it is fo accounted of all now a dayes without doubt or queftion,notwith¬ standing the text ofT) iofeorides ■ as alfo that then Ariflolochia longa of former times, according to Lonicertis judgement, and thofe Monkes, that commented upon Mefttes, is ‘Diofcorides his Clcmatitis : Another doubt there is likewife rilenof late dayes,what Ariflolochia wasmentby Andromacbus fenior, that heappointeth to be put into his Theriaca-, for his elegiack verfes maketh no diftinffion; and becaufe Galen doth fhew in fectmda Cc 3 aliment orum Theatrum Botarncum , *94 C HAP. » _ 1 R I B E.2. alimcntorS that Andromachm junior, Adromachusftnior his fon,in fetting downe his fathers Theriaca in profcdoth explaine divers things, that were doubtfull in his verfe, as (or the CMel Gecnpium he exprefl'eth it Mel Atticum: for Gentaurium without difference either of greater of leffcr,he fetteth downe the leffer.and for Ariftolochia which was left indefinite, he fetteth downe Icpte tenuis,the fmall. Now here lyeth the doubt, what Ariftoto- cbia /lyidrom.ichns and Galen fhould meane,by this lepte tenuis: Matthiolus feemeth to anfvver this doubt in fliew- ing that they would not meane any other Ariftolochia, then the Clematitis, becstife they mention but three forts- and this ClematilisK the fmallefl roote ofthe other, and that the tenuis Ariftolochia, is not the Lon" of Diofco rides, whoferooteshe faith were of the thicknefle ofa finger; when as of the true Long none are found fo lmall unleffe they be very young rootes, nor yet any other different kind from the Clematitis, as divers did thinke; and yet (/<*» o, 6 . fimp.med. in fetting downe the properties of all the three forts of Ariftolochia commendeth the round as mold excellent, and ofinuft fubtill parts, and to all purpofes more effeftuall then both the otherthe Long he faith is nothing fo fubtill, or of fothin parts, but is more hot andclenling- and of the Clematitis he faith onely that it is fweeter in 1 mell then the other two, and therefore is more tiled in hvecte ovnt- ments then otherwife, and is more wcake for medicines, or the cure of any difeafe; why therefore the Ctima. uus fhouldbe taken for Andromachut Treacle with our Apothecaries I doefomewhat admire, feeing Galen fairl" that the other arc more effcftuall for all purpofesThe feverall appellations of authors of fnefe Ariftolochia' are not fo divers that they neede any long repetition, for they all as it were agree together, the variation beino fo fmall, that it is not worthy the reciting 3 onely I will fhew you how Hauhinus in his Pina .v doth diflinpnifh them ievcrally differing from the titles I give them: the firfl here let forth, he calleth Ariftolochia romnda flare cx purpura, ngro: the lecond he calleth cAfriftolochia rotunda flore ex albo purpurafeente : the third hee caller! Ariftolochia lonoa sera : the fourth Ariftolochia longa Hiftranica : the fift Ariftolochia Clematitis rcli.i ■ rhrfiyr Ariftolochia CUmatita ferpens : Tile feaventh Ariftolochia Piftolochia ditta (and is Ariftolochia PoljrrhiGs of la Wand Phny) the laft he calleth Piftolochia Cretica. 1 lie Arabians call it Zaranud Mefmocra and Zaravcd ■ the Italians Anftologin . the Spaniards Aftronomia, the French Sarajine and Fonerne the Germans Ofterlucei anH Holtwortr. i the Dutchmen Ofterlucye miSaraftnernidt. J Jana The Vertues. Galenftib 6 ftmplmed asI (he wed you before fheweth the feverall properties of thefe AriBolochiAs the roote faith he of Ariftolochia is of molt ule for medicines, being bitter and fomewhat fliarnc the round mail fubt.ll of them all,and of more effeft for all difeafes; that which is called Clematit, 'is Rveeterh, fent then the other two, and therefore thofe that make fweete ointments, doe ufeit in their ointments but it is of leffe force and vertuem the curing of any diieafej the Long hath lefle tenuity of parts in it, thentheround bntver js not without efficacy, for it hath a clenfing and heating power therein, yet it clenfeth and digefteth lefle then the round but healeth no lefle, yea peradventure more, and therefore the long is of more ufe, for thofe that have neede ofa meane clenfing in the tuberous fwellings of the fleih, and in fomentations of the mother bur where there is neede of aftronger extenuating faculty there the round is of more ufe and therefore the round Birthworr,doth more helpe to cure thofe greefes and difeafes,that rife from the obftruftion or aboi.ndancc and grofleneffe of raw and windy humors : itdraweth forth thornes, and fplinters.&c out oftheflrll, wi, all putrefabhons,, it clenfeth and maketh found fouleand filthy Vlcers, it clenfeth the gums, and tfeteeth and maketh them white; it is profitable for thole that are troubled with the (hormeffe of breath, with the hickocke with the Falling fickneffe or with the Gout, if it be drunke with water, (or wine rather) as alfo for thofe hat arc burden or are troubled with Crampes or Convulfions, or fhrinkings ofthe finewes and veines, and is as 1 fitable as any other medtemewhatfoever land thus farre are the words of Galen, in the place before recited- Mefues ,P an Ins and v£im do {hew the purging qualitie therein, which Diofcoridcs and Galen either knew not (as in Rubarbej or pad it over in filence,who faith, that the roote either ofthe round or'runnmg Birth- wort,doth purgedowneward flegmancke and eholericke humors alfo i it clenfeth the lunges and the parts of the bread, from the toughneffe and rotrenneffe of humors; whereofa plaine demondration is, that it helpeththofo that are flegmancke or foortwmded very much : if, the taken inwardly or applycd outwardly to depart it mightily draweth downe womens comffes, expefleth the dead child and afterbirth,and in the paines of defiverv hath very good effeft to caufe the more fpeedy eafe and del,very,and to cleare the parts, of what is acceffarv the roots m poudertaken with Mirrhe & Pepper m wine, is nfed alfo for the fame purpqfcsjit refifleth poyfonof aU forts,the longrefideth the venonje of Serpents, and other living creatures, the round refifleth all other forts of poyfon : but Phny inverteth this order : the roote of the round being taken in water helnerh rhofr Jr - fed by fills,blowes&c. as alfo the paines of the fides; the running Birthwort helpe’th the falling downe o^the mother being eyther applyed ,n peflarie or m fume, and the place bathed with the decebfion ■ ft isTid that d, vers in Spame doe ule the rootesof the Spanifh running Birthwort with nolelfe "ond fnrrHTb ‘fo j u :^:°t^ S °^ ay t a Pfrida, to all the ufes whereunto the ^Vt/a ferveth: the t^dided ^a^enafih^greeneherb^tvhen it lsm flower is profitable for all the difeafes aforefald, and in efpeciallpre ferveth from rhe d efpeciall good remedy for the windecollicke: the Piftolochia or buL for all the aforefaid womens difeafes, robe as effeffnalias the other! andtha !t Ysll’d Z , , [ ’ thofe that are troubled with Convulfions and Crampes, or thofe that hav?breSe it 1C be drunke With water, the feede worketh more flronslyithe roote ofthcrounfl ^ ? i ’ draw forth broken bones, or any other hurtfull thing lying in the flefh, if the frefh roote bee aonlved ^ thereto I the ponder ofthe dryed roote ,s of fingnlar good ufe in all eating, or runnhw fouleand 1 ” i , as alfo that are hollow and Fidulous, by clenfing and filling them up orcaufin^ the (Vn, , and ™ tte (i Vlcers, cially for FTdnlaes, if a little Hony,’ and the Jte of “17 > Z V if ^ all wounds ,n the headj the fumes thereof, or the pouder in a quilted cap, flayeth all FlMes^d d SfoL. nf thinnerheume from the head? and ic is an nfnall favinrr a nddilhllations of an£greaccure: the long Birth wortisuOasweHSSelreM^unoSrft^^^feii^eltS^ILfiS^^^ ealltheroore ofthe round Birthwort the venume of theearth, and that LvingVruifed^imdmfocrdft^^wdh Lime Trie k.z. The Theater of‘Plants. ChAp.^a time and Chalke, and caff it into the Sea, all the F ifhes within a great way thereof would with incredible de¬ fire gather themfelves thereto, and prefently upon the-taking thereof become as dead, whereby they might eafily. betaken :but Lonicenu noteth it as anerrour inTHnj, who referreth that quality to the roote of Ariflolochia which fhonld be attributed to Cyclamen j/shich he faith is called by the Gieekesi'/Swpc&vjd ejljbifiium venenitrn becaufe it killeth them. Chap. LXIIII. CMercHmlU, Mercuric. Nder the titles of Mercuries I mull comprehend alfo the ‘Phyllon of Tbeopbrajhu and Diofcorides , for that they are out of doubt conveners of the lame kindred: they are in face and forme the one fo like the other: and with them I thinkc it not amiffe to remember in this place alfo, the MenurialisfytveStris ■ ^ altera of Tragiu, called by Lobel } Noli me tangere : for although Banhinm place it with the Balfamina- yet others reckon it with the Mercuries. i. LMercurialis vulgaris mas ci-fsmna. French Mercury, the male and female. I comprehend as you fee,both the male and the female Mercury under one defeription,becaufe as all do a°ree' they both rife from the feede of the one as Hempe doth, and they both are fo like, that but for the flowers and feede, that fhew their difference, they could not bee diltinguifhed the one from the other .-it rileth up with a fquare greene ftalke full of joynts, twofoote high or thereabouts, with two leaves at every joynt, andbran- chinglikewilefrombotb Tides of the flalkes, fet with frefh greene leaves, fomewhat broad and long like unto the leaves of Pdlirory of the wall, but lefler and much about the bignefleof the leaves ofBaffill, finclydented about the edges .-towards the tops of the Italkes and branches, at every joynt come forth, in that which is called the male,two (mall round greene heads, [landing together upon a fliort footeflalke, which growing ripe are the feede, not having any flower, that ever I could dilcerne; in the female the [hike is longer, fpike fafbion, and fet round about with finall greene huskes, which are the flowers made like fmall branches of grapes, which give no feede that ever I could finde, hnt abide in that manner a great while upon the (lalkes without iffiedding: the roote is compofed of many fmall Fibres, which periflieth every yeare, at the firft approac h ofwinter, and ra ifeth it felfeupagaine of it owne lowing, for where it is once fufferedto fow it fclfe, the ground will never want it afterwards,even of both forts, fori yet never faw it grow in anyplace, where either of them, was wanting. 2. d which gave him no offence nor me al¬ fo, either in the tailing or handling, hut whether there were any further danger in taking a greater quantity, be- caufe Label faith it was venemous, was I doubt but onely an heare-fay by tradition, yet neither he nor I would make any further experience therein. The Place, The two firft Mercuries are found wilde in diverfe places of our owne Country, as very plentifully by a vil¬ lage called BrookeUnd in Rumney Matifh in Kent- the other called Dogge Mercury is found in fundry places of Kent alfo, and elfewhere, the female kinde is more feldome found than the male: the true Dogges Mercury is not found wild with us, neither the childs or childing Mercuries, but grow about t Mompelier in France, and in ; Spaine and Italy : thelaft groweth in the fhadowie woods of Italy, France, m&qermany. it hath beene found likewifeby the fhadiewoodslides, ofche mountainesand their vallycs in Wales, by an induftrious Gentleman and Herbarift, Mu Cjeorye Bowles ; and will abide in our Gardens, every yeare fowing it felfe being fet in a Iha- dowie place. The Time, They all flourilh inthe Sommer Moneths, and therein give their feede, but the Childs Mercury fiowrethfo late with us, that it hardly beareth ripe feede. Thequicke in hand flowreth andprefently after feedeth, in his naturall place about the middle and end of Augufl, but in gardens in lime and luh. The Flames . French Mercurie. is called inffirecke hn'fuy LinofefiU & i s! u,Z pim,,, | t(t j niu, CMtrcarii berb*,.& m! 9. :rlN , Tarthenium ; in Latinc Mercurialis, becaufe as Pliny faith it was found by Mercury : Dogges Mercury is called xsila & KvvaKffsC m, Cynea and Cynocrambc which is Canina Brajfica, but becaufe it hath no agreement with any Cabbage funlelle you would fay it were meate, or a Cabbage for a dogge) others have called it in Latino Mcr- curialis (fanina,propter ignobilitatem, others Mercurialis fylvefirisi The childs or childing Mercury is called in Greek & ixmoychhov Phyllum & El aophy Hum .quaf O/eafolium.Theophraflus in his ninth booke and 19.chap, faith that they called one herbe Phyllum Arrhenogonon, and another ThelygononMariparu,& Fccminiparum, which diverfe doe thinke is but the former French Mercury, becaufe he faith they have leaves like Baffin, whereunto the ‘.French and not the Childs or childing Mercury js moft like, and the rather for that Diofcorides appropria- teth to his Mercuries thofe effedls of bearing male and female children, that the Phyllum of Theophrafius and Diofcorides hath. The French Mercury is generally of all writers almoft, called Mercurialis mas & famina, Cordus upon Diofcorides thinketh them to be the ‘Phyllum Arrhenogonon, and Thelygonon of Theophrnjhts ; and Bauhmus calleth them Mercurialis tefiiculata er fpicatet: the Italians call it Mercorclla-, the Spaniards Merest - riale : the French Mercuriale or Vignohle ; the Germane s B engelhrant , and the ‘Dutch men Bin^e/cruyte & Mer „ Curial.lhe fecond is called Mercurialis fylveftrb, by Tragus,Lonicerus,Cordus &Thaliui , & Cynocrambehy Mat. thielusjFuchJius^odmaui, Camerariusymd Lobel, who in one figure reprefenteth bo th the male and female. Column# 2o8 Chap. 65 . Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. __ __ 1 RlBE I* CoUtmna calleth it Mercurial,a Carina, and Bauhinut Mercurials mortara teflicttlata & jjncata, neither of them both thinking it worthy of the name of Cymcrambe, for that they knew it was notanfwerable to Biofcorides his Cynocramve, who doth not make it aMercury, whereofthere is male and female, for if it had beene fo bee would have remembred it, but heputteth it indefinitely not naming either male or female: The third is called bv 'Bauhtmu, who firft let forth the figure and defeription thereof in his Matthiolut, Cyncrambe vera Diofcondl and Pena m us defeription of Met Balds,, Cymcrambe legitima Belli. C Halpvm, tooke it to be an AlL an j C““ calleth it PJjinesfacie plantamva. The fourth is generally taken of all to he the‘PA;/W of Diofcoridee and 1 beef hraflm. 'Batthmm calleth it PhylhtmtefiicuUtum andfptcatum, as he did the former Mercuries- The M is called ofTV^j cMemiriali,fyheflrisalcera, in his Chapter of Mercury, but putteth the figure thereof in the chapter or EfuLi • of Lonicerus Tithymalus fy lveftrir.o[ Qamcrarius, Tabcrynontemus> Lobel and Gefncr Nol' metangere, who alfo calleth it Milium Qaprearnm. It is alfb called Perficaria filiqaefa of C aBrariJ Thtliy Lngdurerfi, and Label-, of Dodonms Impatient herba, of Cefalpmm Catanance altera,, of Col,mm Ba/hamita alter J and of Lugdmenfis Chryfea-, Hummus calleth it Balfamim hitea, five Noli me tanoere. 1 have called it Noli 2- tangere, and placed it in the Chapter of Mercuries, and given it an Pnglip, name, p'roper for it as I take it let o' therscalhtas theypleafe. p r • c lcco * The Vertues. The decoflionof the leaves of Mercurie, or the/uyee thereof taken in broth or drinke, and with alittle e,- gar put to it, to make it the more pleafant, pnigeth chollericke and waterifh humors : Hippocrates commended it wonderfully for womens dileales, which none of the Phyfitians of our dayes, I thinke ever nut in prafHfe fnr heapplyed it to the fecret parts to eafe the paines of the mother, and ufed both the decoftion of it to procure womens courfes, and to expell the afterbirth, and the fomentation or bathing for the fame canfes- he alto-to! the decofl.on thereof with Myrrheor pepper or ufed to apply the leaves outwardly againft the firangutv \nd the dileafes of the reines and bladder; he ufed it alfo for fore and watering eyes, and for thedcafenelto and patnesm the cares, b>-dropping the juyee thereof into them, and bathing them afterwards in white wine the decoflion thereof made with water and a cocke chicken, is a mod fafe medicine to be taken againft the hot firs ofagucs I It a fo clenfeth the bread and lungs offlegme troubling them, but it doth a little offend the lloma ke- the j uyee or d,tolled water thereof, call or lnufted up into the noftrils, purgeth the head and eyes of caMr hes and rheumes, that dtftill downe from the braines into the nofe and eves, as alfo fometimes into the cares W life to drinke two or three ounces of the diftilled water with a little Sugar put to it, in a morniiw fafting^o open the body, and to purge it of groffe vifcous and melancholicke humours; as alfo mixing it wlh Mavdew taken from Role bullies, and Manna diffolved therein, for the fame purpofe, which thereupon tome calf ^7 dornama, which purgeth choller a fo; It is wonderfull (.fit be not fabulous) that the ancient writers Diiti- des, Tbeophrafins and others doe relate, that if women ule thele herbes either inwardly or outwardly ’ for Three dayes together after conception, and that their courfes be pad, they (hall bring forth male or female ch Idren according to that k.nde of herbe that they nfe: Manh.ohs faith that the feedeof both the kindeTof Mercury that is both ma e and female, boyled with wormwood and dmnke, cureth the yellow Iaundife, in a moft foee ’ die and merveilous manner .- the leaves themfelves or the Juyee of them rubbed upon wattes or bomd unto them for a certamc tunc, doth take them clean? away the Juyee mingled with (ome Vine-ar helnethall run nmg fcabs tettcrs.nngwormes and the itch ■,Galen faith that who fo will apply it outwardly in manner ofa I, P to any fwelhngs or inflammations,(hall finde it to have a digefting qualirv that is ir will dir a P u £ ls * mours, that was the caufe of the fwelling, and alay the ^^■nniatiom pnoceedin^tbereupon^t^ frequently and to very good effefl: given in ghfters to evacuate the belly from thofe humors that he offenfive thereinand m keth as well after that manner as if to much Sene had beene put into the decoffion. 7 he common Dog* "s ZZ' cury is feldomenfed, but may ferve.n the fame manner, and to the fame purpofe that the o°hcr is m to fl purg.ng waterifh and melancholicke humors. The ch.ldes Mercury, although no other hath written of anv^ur ging quahtie m it,yet the forme thereof lo likeunto Mercury,and the faltito acide tafte.fhould demonftrate in opimon an irritating quality : Theephrafi w and Oiefcmde, have onely mentioned the childing quality for ” y men to beate either males or females, that ufe this herbe, according as is before fayd of f^Mef citvS - ^Wr^.ortheQiHcke in hand, hath a ftronger purging quality, but it is byvomite, and therefore I thinke Lcmcerm and Tragus, have put tt under the names of Tith,males, as neeteft partaking of the,r natuV which caufed Lobel and Pern to fay, it was venemous and deadly, and yet fay it wanteth nor gp „„„r r ‘• eftefts, but (hew not what they are: Camcr arias m hone faith tome d« apply the diftilled water offochearhe upon the places pained with thegoute,withgoodliicceffe. “ ‘ water ot thehearLe Chap. LXV. c JMalvd. Mallowes. S Here are three kinds of Mallowes,one with whole leaves, but little incifed or cut in on the ed"es called Cdldva - an other more dcepely jagged or cut called Alcea, the third more toft in handling called j e ich of thefe three dtvilions the varieties fhall be reckoned together by themfelW f u . . km , dc ™y be feparated.Some of each of thefe kindes I have fet forth In my former Bolke whr,r° cripttonsneede not to be here repeated, and thofe are Malva Htfamcafiore carrel aZT- The S^^toto Ma o7’ y ervaine Mallow with bill fti flowers Alcea peregrL faeVerSTi* Vet thaurenextathandlwillinfehererthoft which Divijio T he Theater of Tlants. Tribe 2. Chap *6%. 2 pg> DiVifioprma. The firft Divifion. 1 CMalva vulrttris flare pHrpnreo. The common Mallow with purplifh flowers. The common Mallow hath many large (oft greene roundifh leaves, yet fomewhat cornered and dented about the ed°es (landing upon long foote ftalkes.nextthe ground, from among which rife up, diverfc round greene llalkes growing in time to be three or foure foote high, efpecially in good grounds, and to be more hard and al- moil woddy, efpecially at the bottome, divided into many branches,towards the tops and1 with many leffer leaves, and more divided upwards; where it bringethforth many flowers, (landing in fofthuskes, which flowers twine themfclves, attheir firft (lrooting forth before they open themfelves into fine large,broad pointed leaves, of a fine delayed purplifh red colour, with many ftripes or vcines running thorough every leafe, of a deeper colour which maketh the flower feeme very beautifull: after which come round flat cafes, with many blackifh feede, fet in order, round about in them: the rootc is long and white, growing downe deepe into the ground, touah and fomewhat wooddy. ., ,. „ i CMalv* vulimU flore Mo. Coinmon Mallow with white (lowers. ... This Mallow gro’weth like the former, both for leaves and height of (hikes, the cheefeft difference confiftetnin the flowers, which are not fully fo large as the former, and are of a pure white colour, without any ftnpe or veine, of any ether colour running thorough them, the feede and rootes are alfo alike. g, Aialafylveftrisminor. Small wilde Mallow. This fmall Mallow lyeth with his branches upon the ground, having many fmaller and rounder leaves, not cut in, or very feldome, and leffe dented on the edges than the common: the flowers hereof arc very (mall and white: the feede and rootes are like the common. 4. Maha Montana. ThemountaineMallow. , The mountains Mallow, hath his lower leaves as large as the common wilde Mallow but longer, with (ome round divifions or cuts therein, but not deepe, fomewhat like unto an Ivye leafe : the ftalke groweth not fo great and high as the commonwith fmaller leaves thereon, upwards fomewhat rounder and lefle: the flowers are like the common, and fo is both feede and roote. (JMalva trimeftris five ts£ftiv<&. The Sommer Mallow,, The Sommer Mallow hath foft round greene leaves, without divifions, yet dented about the edges, fomewhat paler underneath; the ftalke rifeth up to but halfc a yard high, bearing fmaller leaves.and a little dividedlome- whatlike thofe of Marth Mallowes: the flowers are of a paler purplifli colour then the common and Idler, the bottome of whofe leaves are of a deeper colour. Handing upon longer foote ftalkcs, and not fo many together, the feede is (mall, and (o is the roote, and peri(hcth with the firft cold or froft that commeth; but (ometimes it the Sommer be kindly, it giveth his ripe feede, before any frofty nights doe come. 6 . Srboren Tree Mallow* ■ . _ . The tree Mallow groweth with us to be a great tall tree mort likely than an herbe, having his ftemme lome» what wooddy, and oftentimes fo great in compaffe that no man can grafpe it round with both his hinds, the Malvavulgarh (sf crifpit folijt. Ordinary and FrcnchMallowcr, Malm Hijpamca flare term anpio. Spaniflr blufh Mallowcs. Ch ap ,6z Theatrum ‘Botanicum. 200 T R-I B E. 2 Mafoa Ro/ca / implex% Single Holhhockes. Malva Ro/ca wultip'cx. Double HoIJihockes Tribe z, The 'Theater of Plantes. Ckap,65» 8. 'jMalva Rofea arborea Indica. The Ir,ditin tree Hollihocke. If I fhould Baptifia Ferrarim-like of a mole hill make a mountaine in the defcription hereof, I might be held over tedious howfoever he by his elegant Latine [file, may pafl'e with greater delight to his reader both in his ample narration and fabulous concertation betweene Art and Nature, m that he giveth a grgatfull } eh,a,hm to eafe the lone journey : but this large volume will not admit fuch fpacious relations, and therefore I will abreviate his long difcourfe with as briefc a defcription as the fubjedl will permit, and referre thofe to the autbour that lift to reade all at lar^e. In a final! time (that is in two or three yeares in a warme countrey) this riicth up to be like a pretty grtat (hrubbe or fmal'l tree, whofe {femme ortrunke being fomewhat white andwooddy, five of fixe inches thicke covered with a fmooth whitifh barke whofe lower branches being pruined the upper bouehes fpread into a round compaffe, whereon are fet diverfe broad rough leaves fomewhat like to Vi ne leave* cut into feverall partitions and nicked about the edges, of afaire greene colour on the upper fide and eravifh underneath,on thicke,long and rough reddifh foote ftalkes, fometimes but one, and often two or three ata joynt which doe abide the Winter without falling away : at thetoppes of the branches come forth the flowers (landing in greene huskes divided at the toppes into five parts: in fome of thefe plants the flowers will be finfle confiding of five, fixe,eight or tenne large crumpled leaves,all white or a little blulh towards the edges s in others'the flowers will be very double, and as large as a Provence Rofe of the fame colours, butafterthey have abiden a while blowen open they change more blufh and on the fading deeper, thefe changes are often feene in one and the fame day,yet many times not in two or three dayes abidingjtn the middle of the flowers (lan¬ ded] a greene head.compaffed with many yellow threds as the Rofe hath,which head growing to maturitie, hath fundry ridges and furrowes on the outfide and full of feede within,diftinguifhed by feverall partitions, and are reddilh fomewhat fmalllong round and crooked, and a little haineat the backefide, 163. feedes havebeene numbred to be taken out of one feeds v.effell: the roote is long, white and woody diverfly fpread under ground, with foir.e fmall fibres bluing from them. viyifio fecunda. The fecond Divifion. T, A'ceavuJgarU five MalvaVerbenaca. Finecutor Vervains Mallow. The lower leaves of this Vervaine Mallow are foft and greene, fomewhat like unto the wild common Mal¬ low leaves, but leffer and more cut in on the edges, befides thedenting, but thofe, that grow up higher upon the (hike (whole barke may be broken into threds like hempe, and is fometimes as high as the ordinary wild kinds is) are more cut in and divided, fomewhat likeunto Vervaine : the flowers hereof are of a paler purple colour than the common mallow, but in mod not fo much divided into feverall leaves, and laid fo open, but abiding more dofe, or Ieffe fpread, and without thofe ftripes oftentimes, being fmooth and fomewhat (hi¬ lling : the feede and feede veffcls are like the common Mallow, the roote alfob long tough and white, but fome¬ what mote wooddy within. . . ... 1. Alcea vulgaris fore gWi. Vervaine Mallow with white flowers. This Vervaine Mallow that beareth white flowers, doth fomewhat differ in leaves from the former, f or that they are more finely cut in on the edges, then it is; in the flower confifleth a chicfe difference alfo, which is white, yet tending alittle to a blu(h : the feedes and rootes differ not. ^ .C . A 11 \ 1 1i.n A d 1 n,Tf 3. Alceaminor. Small Vervaine Mallow. There is a leffer kinds of the Vervaine Mallow, never growing fo great or high, but alwayes abiding lower, like as the fmall Mallow doth; the leaves hereof, aremore divided and cut inonthe edges, and moftufually mto five parts, and deepely dented alfo : the flowers are purple like the ordinary Vervaine Mallow,but leffer, and that maketh the difference. 4. Alcat Minor villofa. Small hairy Tough Vervaine Mallow. ; . _ The fmall hairy Mallow, hath many very low and hoary ftalkes, not above a foote high, divided into leffer branches, fet with diverfe fmall hoary hairy leaves, cut into three or more divifions.-at the tops of the ftalkes and branches, grow diverfe large purple flowers, like unto the firft, but every one (landing in a hairy huske, almoft prickly; after which commeth black feede.contairted in thofe hairy husks,that bore t ; he flowers, but more clofely iuclofed in them 'the roote is of a pale browne colour,about the length of an hand ,with fmall fibres hanging at it. 5. Klcett zAZgyptUmofchata.'Xhe Egyptian Mu.ske Mallow. One fort of Egyptian Mallow I have, as I faid.in the beginning of this Chapter fee forth already, but this dif¬ fered! from thaun thefe particulars, both ftalke and leaves, are all hairy over: the leaves are parted into feven or eight parts or corners; the flower is (harper pointed, more yellow, and as fweete as Muske, a nd fo is the blacks feede alfo, but more neare unto Civet, which is like unto the leedes of M irtle berries, but greater: the roote is great and fibrous; the whole plant is full of Annie juyee, and of an herby tafte, ', Di'vifio tertia. The third Divifion I. Althxa'vulgarU. Common marfh Mallowes. Our common marfh Mallowes bath divers foft hoary white ftalkes, riling to be thiee or roure *°o tc high a fpreading forth many branches, the leaves whereof are foft and hoary, or woolly, fomewhat leHer then Mal¬ low leaves,but longer pointed,cut for the mod part into fome few divifions,but not deepe: the flowers are many • but fmaller then thofe of the Mallow, and white or tending to ablufh colour, after which come fuch like round cafes,and feede as is in the Mallow: the rootes are many and long, {hooting from one head, of the bignefle of a thumbe or finger, very pliant tough and bending like Licoris, of a whitifh yellow colour on the outlide, and more white within, full of aflimie vifeous juice, which being layd in water, will fo thicken it, as if it were gelly. 2. Althxa Pannonica. Marfh Mallow of Hmgaric. This Hungarian Marlh Mallow diftereth not in rootes, ftalkes or feede from the former, butonely in leaves,? that they are fome what harder in handling and in the flowers which are much larger and greater then thofe of Vervaine Mallow, and of a purple colour for the mod part: yet there is fome that beare white flowers as large as the former, and fome th^t have not fo large flowers as they,yet larger then thofe of the common kind. 3. Althea ro/eaperegrina. The ftrange Rofe marln Mallow- This Mallow fhooteth forth about A/^/fundry round greenifh foft branched ftalkes, like the former marfl^e Mallow,befet with divers foftgreene leaves, and gray underneath, refembling the other but longer pointed ; at the tops of the ftalkes and branches ftand fever all white flowers,made of five large leaves a peece,lomevvhat like a Hollihock with a tuft of white threds, compafling a middle pointell, iffaing our of a greene button or huske, which is as it were ribbed and broad at the bottome, narrowing to the toppe before the flower blow, without any fent like the Hollihocke : all the ftalkes die downe every yeare to the ground, the roote is thicke white and flcfhy abiding fafe in the earth all the winter. 4. Ahh£afempervirrns r Bryoni£ folio. Ever greene marfh Mallowes. This evergreene marfh Mallowe, bath many faire large whitifh greene leaves, fomewhat thicke,full ofveines and rough or hairy, but whitifh or hoary underneath,cut in or divided into five parts ufually, fomewhat like a Bryonie leafe; the ftalkes are hoary white and round, rifing to be two or thee foote high, having fuch like large leaves upon them, and fmaller alfo among them, (landing all of them upon long footeftalkes: the flowers are like unto thofe of the Mallowes, and much about the fame colour, confifting of five broad pointed leaves, haying many red threds in the middle-.after which come flat leafed heads, fuch as other Mallowes have, wherein is conteined fuch like fmall feede; the rootes are difperfed into feverall parts under ground, and dye not, but retaine fome of the leaves upon them all the winter, although the ftalkes dye downe and perifh to the ground, Dd j $ • Alth£A I 'O-' I 1 -^Mli '1 1 k • ■. I 1 1 1 . •ft j 1 1 I I : I 1 - I 1 The Theater of‘Plants. T R IBE.l. The Theater of Tlants. 7. Althtea palufiris Cytini/?ore. Ked flowed marlh Mallow* Chap« 65 » 505 Mthtafrutex. Shrubbie marlh Mai low. PL Ahhia fotiafivc Atut'ilan Avicemte pttttttilm. Yellow marlTiMalfoW.' The yellow Mallow or marfh Mallow rifeth up with one foft woolly gtecne round flalke for the' moft part,and fcldome with more.,divided oftentimes even from the bottome into divers branchesiat every joynt Hand feverall large r °uud leaves as foft as velvet, pointed at the ends, and dented about the edges, hanging downe at the end of long ftalkes, which ftand forth right; the flowers (land fimgly but one at a joynt with the leafe,which is fmall and yellow, compofed of five fmall pointed leaves, (landing in a fmall greene huske, *which being pad, there fucceede foft greene pods or feede veflels, turning blacke when they are ripe, compdfed of many fmall homes or pods,fet together like unto an head or feede veflell of Fraxinella, in every one whereof is conteyned lmall blackc roundifh (eede the roote is not great nor long,but with divers fibres at it, and perifbeth every yeare. 6. Abntilo» IudicumQamerarij . Qamerarim his white Indian raarlh Mallow. This Indian marfh Mallow rifeth up with an upright ftraight hairydalke, {hooting from the joynts in divers pla¬ ces fmall branches,whereat hkewife are (ct filch like foft round and pointed leaves,as arc in the lad hanging down¬ wards for the moll part, at the end of longdalkes which are fomewhat hairie alfo: the flowers dand in the fame manner that the other doe,but are fomewhat larger, and of a white colour, and yellow at the bottome, with divers threds in the middle : the roote is foil of fmall fibres, and perifheth every yeare, in the like manner. 7. kltbeapaltiftrUCytim flore] Red flowred marlh Mallow. The red flowred marfh Mallow fendeth forth many foft leaves, fomewhat like unto thofe of the ordinary marfh Mallow, but not fo loft or whitifh, but of a pale greene colour on the upper fide, and whiter underneath longer alfo and dented fomewhat deeper about the edges, handing upon long footcdalkcs, among which rife up divers round greene dalkes, three or foure foote high, bearing the like leaves on them at feverall difiances: from the joynts of the leaves towards the tops of the flalkes, and at the tops of them likewife come forth the flowers, confiding of five leaves longer and narrower then in other Mallowes, not broad but pointed at the ends, of a deepe reddifh purple colour, tending to an orenge, and fometime9 paler or more delayed, and in iome plants of a white colour, with divers threds danding in the middle, about a fmall greene head, which in time becommeth the feede veflel, growing like the cod or feede veflel of the Birth wort, of a fad brownifh colour on the outfide, parting into five divifions, wherein lye fmall brownifh feede: the roote is long,white and tough, fomewhat like a marfh Mallow, but nothing fo great, or Muccilaginous,thatisflymie. 8. A Ith&a arborefeens Provincialis. Tree marfh Mallow of France. This tree marlh Mallow is very like unto the Shrubbe Mallow, fet forth in my former booke, but yet is not the fame, differing in fomc notable points from it: for although the demmes thereof are more wooddy then the former tree Mallow, yet are they not altogether fo hard and woody as the fhrub Mallow, but grow- 7 eth much higher, even to a mans height fometimes, having many whitifh hoarie leaves in the naturall placed but of a whitifh greene growing in our climate and not hoary at all, fomewhat rough,broad and round, and not lo long pointed as the Shrubbe Mallow,yet cut in into fome divifions,and dented at theed^es- at thetoppesof Dd 3 ■' the iO 6 Chap .6$. Tbeatrum ‘ Botanicum. T R l BE Z, theftemmesandlikewifefromthefides growe many flowers like unto thof'e of the marfh Mallowes, bur of as decpe a colour almoft asthe wilde mallow, yet lmaller then thofeol the ftirab mallow, after which come fuch like flat huskes and feede as the other mallowes give : the rooteis great and wooddy, fpreading many branches under ground, abidinglong, and fometimcs holding the ftalkes, with the leaves upon them all the winter,the tops being cut off,yet lometimes alfo if the winter be over fliarpe or it bee not planted or remoovcd into awarmeplace, or defended from the extrcmitie thereof, they willperilh downe to the ground, but the next yeare freflt ones will arife againe from the roote. g. AlthsafruticofaCretica. Shrub marfli Mallow of Candy. The Shrub marfli mallow of Candy, in the fecond yeare after it is fowen rifeth up with divers wooddy grcene ftalkes, covered over with much downe,or woollineffe, three or foure foote high, whereon grow hoary large leaves,cut into corners, and dented about the edges, ending in a point.’ the flowers grow at the tops of the ftalkes, made of five leaves like mallowes and broad at the points, but of a fine delayed red colour, tending to ablufh, having a (Hie or pointcll in the middle, compaffed about with whitifh threds, which flowers areno- thing fo great as the former, being not much bigger then the flowers of the ordinary marfli ma.low, after which come fuch like round cafes and leede as they give : the roote is long, tough and white like the common marfh mallow,but more wooddy,and endureth divers yeares, (hooting forth new branches in the iprint. The Place. In the firfl divifion common Mallowes areknowne to grow every where: but that with a white flower is more rare growing notin very many places, butinKentindiverfe places, as at Aflsford and at 7 krapftor.e in I\lorhamptonJUre,(f-c. and in diverfe other places; the third is found under hedges and walls in manyplact,- the fourth is oftner found upon hils: the lift in Spains ; the firfl: tree Mallow groweth neere Venice , all along the Tyrrhene (hore,and on the African fliorc alfo,in which places it abideth many yeare : Our owne Country tree Mallow, groweth in an Ifland called Dinnie, three miles from Kings Roade, and five miles from Hriftow asal- fo about the Cottages neere Hurfl Caftle, over againft the He of Wight. The eight was firfl: brought from’ Japan Imeanethefeede, unto Romeos Come parts of Italy where it was fowne; whole ripened leede afterwards was communicated into fundry Countries. The firfl: of the fecond divifion, is very familiar in Kent, as in many other places of our owne Land, being in Lome places more frequent, than the common wilde kinde : it groweth m a field, as you goe to Hamfleed Church from the towne; but the fecond which beareth a white flower, at We. fterham in Kent, the third is likewife found in fome places of Kent, the next two arc fometimcs found wild alfo with us. The fourth groweth at the foote of the mountaine lnra in Helvetia by Savoye : the fift in Egypt. "The firfl of the third divifion or marfli Mallowes groweth in moft of the Salt marfhes, from Wolwich downe to the fea, both on the Kentijh and EJfex fhore : the fecond in Hungary, the third was brought out of Africa as Cornu- tus laith; the fourth is not knowne from whence; the fift groweth in many places of Italy, in the wet grounds neere unto lakes, rivers and ponds; the fixt is thought.to come from the Indies, but is more likely to be found in fome places of Italy, it is fo like the former, and lent by I ofephui de Gajfabone, to Canter,mm, who onely hath fetout the figure thereof. The feventh Camerarius faithhe found in Italy aboundantly about the river AmeRs hardby Anguilara, where men paffe the river; The eight groweth in 'Provence of Trance, as Label andPowfay’ but in Turin among the S tvitfers as Camcrarius faith, who hath fet forth afigure, which is very likely to bethe fame as he faith, with that of Label-, The laft was fent to Clufius by lofephus dc cafa bona, which he oathered in Candle. jbe Time. ° They all flower all the Sommer Monethes, even untiil the winter pull them downe, yet the tree Mallowes and the tree marfli Mallow, and Egyptian Mallow, doe flower later than the reft; the yellow, the Indian, and red flow red Mallow, doe flower in the latter end of Sommer, yet to as ifthe yeare be not kindly, there is never feed gathered ripe from them, but from the tree and Sgjrptian Mallowes never with us, except that tree Mallow of our owne Land. The Names, Jt is called in Greeke abemoliendo ventre, yec it is written in Epicharmes and Antiphanes copies- in the Aululana of Plautus they are called c Molochmarii, chat dyed cloth into a purple colour, and Lucius" Columella hath this verfe, which is not eafily interpreted,except of the Malva horacia. Ft Moloche primv fequitar qtt£ vertice folem. Tragus thinketh that he meant it by the letter Mallow,and that it turncth his leaves and flowers with the Sunne • /Whath Mclope c/uaf, mover, which he referred! to the manured, and in Latine Malva ciuafi CMolva quod dlvummolhat m Englifl, Mali™eyUafioMellom, , either from the foftneffe of the leafe, or from the foftning of the belly and hard tumors, or peradventure from the Latine. The Arabian, call it Chubexe and Chubes, ancTthe feede thereof Bizer, Chubeir,, the Italians Malva, The Spaniards Malva, , the French Mauve. The Germans Pappeln, the Dutchmen,Malwe, and ICerkens cruyt. The Garden Mallowes, which we call Holhhockes are called Malva fattva, Malva Romana, and by the vulgar in Italy in admiring thebeautie and varietieof their colours Koja Ultramar ina or Tranfmarma, beyond Sea Rofes, and fome alfo as the Dutch merl doe Winter Roles, for that their beautiful! flowers fhew themfelves, from the end of Sommer untill winter : a’> v, in Greeke as alfo A/cea in Latine, is’taken from M robur,prsfidmm, eyuafi extent robuSHor & ejfcatiorforet, faith Label and Pena- of the Italians Tv malua and fo doe fome in Latine call this yuaf, hi, effcacior Malva (but others more truely referre this word to the. AIthsa)mi Malva falvatica and buon Vifchio,o f the Spaniards Malva de Vngria and Malva AlonteR. "SJ, ' he Germ,nes Sygmarts wurtfel and Symons wurtfcl, that is Radix Simeoni, or hefba Simeoni,, and of fome Malva P ngarica: A »3«iofcorides and Thropbraftw in his 7 booke and 7 chapter; for that is oenerally thought to be Atiagallis or Pimpernell, as you (hall heare when we come to it; Raitwoljhtt faith in his loarnaA that in Syria, Egypt, &c. they call it M olachi, and is that Oku Iniicum that Avicen fpeaketh of. Matthiolus thinketh that Halimus Sea Purdane is the Melochia of the Moores and Arabians, becaufe it was ufually eaten as a fallet herbe. The Vertues, It is as Alpimu faith in faculty very like unto the __ tnarfh Mallow, for it is much ufed to fuppurate, diged, refolve, and mollifieaU hard tumors in that the marc - la^e thereof is more flimie than chat of the marfh Mallow, a drammes of the feede he faith is ufuaily. taken at a time to purge plentifully all forts of humours: the deco&ion of the leaves is very familiarly u led againft dry couehep, hoarfeneffc of the throate and voyce, and fbortnefle of breath, and with fugar candy is a prefentreme- die? the oyle thereof -is ufed fo familiarly by the Egyptians in their meales as Alfmm faith, and that they iel- dome eate without it, notwithftanding that it breedeth many obftru£lions,and the vifeons nourilhment that it giveth, though little, turneth into melancholy and other difeafes. Vnto this Claffis alfo might be added diverfe other herbes, fome whereof are fet forth in the foregoing, and others in the (iicceeding Clajjls,e ach as they doe more efpecially partake with that Tribe wherein they are placed, as Epithymum before, and Pc/lipodie afterwards, and diverfe others alio among the bulbous and tuberous rootes, fet forth in my former booke, as Daffodills, Sowbread, &c. And thus have I fhewed you not onely all the ftrong purgers, but many others that are but moderate, conducing or helping, to open or loofen the belly. Andnow it is meete thatl convert my (tile to another Claffis, or fort of hearbes, which are thofe that are venemous, and deadly, or dangerous at the lead; asalfofieepie andhurtfull Plants, and after them with thofe that ar a Alexius pharmaca, the Antidotes, ot Counter-poyfons, of poyfonfull or dangerous Hearbes. PLAN3 Melochia five Corchorusi Thclewes Mallow. Tribe 3 . ha p. 1. ■oTr» f^.( «iTr» rrf» rt&’ «tff» 010 TEJ.be. CHAP. I. Jconitum LycoElum. Wolfes Bane- Have in my former booke given you the knowledge and defcription of fotne of the Aconites or Wolfes bane, and therefore I fhall not needeto defcribe themagaine* I will onely recite them unto you, and fo follow on with the reft : thofe already let forth are thefe, Aconitum hyemttk, Winter Wolfes bane, Aconitum luteum Pontiatm prtcox, Theeadierwhitift) yellow Wolfes bane. Napclhu verus flare cxruleo Blew Helmet flower, or Monkes hood, and Anthera, the holfonje helmet flower or counter- poyfon Monkes hood; yet fome oftheir figures I will inlertamong the reft. 1. Aconitum Ponticum ferotinum fLore albido, Late flowring Wolfesbane' This late pale yellow or whitifh Wolfes bane, hath as large leaves as the other that , , I have fet forth in my formerbookc, and divided intoas many partitions, cutalfoon thee ges fomewhat deepely,but of a frefher greene colour, and not rifingor fpringing up out of the ground foralmoft a moneth after the former is come up; the ftalke with leaves thereon, rifethtobe foure or five foote high, as the other doth, and with as long a branched head, of pale yellow coloured flowers, almoft whitifh a- other “ ut ™ wredl * ater * :, y a ' mo ^ a moneth, than the other; the cods, feede, and rootes, differ not from "the 2. Aconitum flore'Delphinii majut . The greater leafed Wolfes bane, with Larkes heele flowers. This Wolfes bane, hath 1diverfe greene leaves, rifing from the roote, of a very fad ordarke greene colour, ltandmgupon realonable long foote ftalkes, cut in on the edge9, into five deepe divifions for the moft part, even to.the ftalke,fomewhat rough or hairy, each part whereof is alfo dented about the edges; from among which rifetlr up a reafonable great and ftrong hairy round ftalke, about two foote high, having fome fuch like leaves thereon, as grow below; at the toppewhereof is fet many flowers fpike fafh ion, one above another, which are fafhioned fomewhat like thofe of Larkes heeles but larger and thicker, wich a fhortthicke crooked heele, behind. * VCry •„ ? r kl'wlfli P ur P ,e 1 colour, feeming as if they were rugged or crumpled witball, which addeth a greater evill favouredneffe unto them, on the outfide, but of a little frefher or more lively blew colour andimoothontheinfide: after which doe come diverfe fmall rough cods, Handing together like as other Aco- and Columbines doe wherein is conteined a rugged blacke feede: the roote is fomewhat thicke Ion" and blackfill, wuh diverfe fibres and long ftringes faftned thereunto, whereby it taketh ftrong hold in the ground: both ftalkes and leaves dye all downc to the ground every yeare, and fhoote forth new every fprin". , 3- nconitttm jlore De/pbinii minus. The finer leafed Wolfesbane with Larkes heele flowers. The leiier Larkes heele Wolfesbane, hath diverfe fmooth greene leaves, upon very long foote ftalkes but they are not altogethet fo large,or of fo fad a greene colour, and much more finely cut in and divided into manv jaggesor parts, than the former : the ftalke alfo rift th notupfo high, and beareth fome fmallerand finer leaves thereon, which endeth in afmaller fpike or head of almoft as large flowers, with a (hort fpnrreor heele be- hind.as the other,but ofafairerblewifh purple colour, and more lively, as well on the outfide asinfide.- the d?n» In" r,i e ^f are lk - e the n f n rm f ’ ba T e roc f e d L ifFe T eth taving three or foure thicke fhort blackifli rootes, en- filing in liHalllong points, faftned together at the head 0 4,' Acorn « 310 4 . Aconltum C£rHleum minus^ five NafcVw minor. The fmall blew Helmet flower, The (mail blew Helmet flower rifeth up with a round grecne (hike, two or three foote high, whereon grow divers darke grcene fhining leaves, cut intofive partitions very deepely, each of them fomewhat cut in on the edges, very like unto the leaves of the greater blew Helmet, flower, but that thefe are not fo finely devided, and the divisions arc fomewhat broader : the top oftheftalke is divided into two or three branches, each where* of beareth one flower, and feldome two or three, of a very faire deepe blewifh purple colour, very like in forme unto the other great Helmet flower, but that the flower is (mailer, and the creftof the Helmet rifeth higher, then in that; after which come fmall pods like, the other,and fuch like feede : the roote is round like a Bulbous, big below and fmall above, and enceafeth thereby, giving fuch likerooces, with fmaller fibres thereat, then at the greater rootes. ' y Aconitum lycoElonon yr£Cox The early flowring Woolfes bane« The early Helmet flower or Wooftes bane .rifeth up very early in thefpring, with many thicke fhining darke greene leaves, cut into five divifions, and they againe fomewhat devided or cut in on the edges, but not fo fine¬ ly as thofe of the greater Helmet flower, neither whitifh underneath as they are, but rather, of a paler greene on the underfideand fhining, a3 well as the upper fide: the fhining.round grecne ftalke rifeth not fully 10 high as the Helmet flower, being not much above two foote high, having divers leaves thereon, like thofe below, butfmaller, and at the top but a few flowers, incomparifon of the other Helmet flowers, but are like unto them both for forme and colour, being of a moft brave, deepe blewifh purple colour: after which come three pods,(landing together for the moft part, z\ d no more, wherein lyeth fuch like round blackifh feede, as are in all the reft : the rootes are very like thofe of the greater Helmet flower, and encreafeth as much, by letting ot fundry fuch like heads. 6. Aconitumceruleum Autumnale. The Harveft Helmet flower. . . This late flowring Helmet flower is very like alfo unto the fmaller Helmet flower, rifing as high and having fuch like darke greene leaves fomewhat fhining, devided in the fame manner, but fomewhat larger : the flow¬ ers grow in long (pikes, ofa faire blewifh purple colour, the pods and feede are like, but the roote hath one.y t divers blackifh firings or fibres, fet at the feverall tuftes of heads, which are not Turnep-like nor bulbous like* as the greater and leffer Helmet flowers are, which maketh the difference,befides the time ofthc flowring which is later then either of the other, that is not flow ring untill Auguft. . , 7. Aconitumtvaximuw coma nut ante . Great Woolfes bane with abending top. This great Woolfes bane bath very long and (lender ftalkes, even three or foure foote high, devided at the' tops into fundry branches, with long fpikie heads, of very large flowers, which for the w^akenefte of t e ftalkes and the weight of the many flowers growing together, bow downe their heads: for the flowers are grea¬ ter and larger then in any other Helmet or Woolfes bane flowers,, and of a paler blewifh purple colour,, then m the H^lm^ flower ; the leaves alfo arfclarger 5 and more devided then.m any, except the lefler Woolfes bane.■ Tribe 3. The Theater of‘Plante s. Chap,!. with Larkes heclc flowers : the pods are greater and ftand three or foure together, with larger rough blackifh feede in them: the roote is thicke and long, fomewhat like unto the rootes of the greater Helmet flower, and encreafeth fuch like heads by it in the fame manner. 8. Aconittm purpareum aliud. Another purple Helmet flower. This other purple Helmet flower hath larger leaves then the other, of a fadder greene colour and Alining i withalhbut incifed after the fame manner: the flalke likewife groweth very high, and often fpreadeth into fundry branches, bearing large purple blew flowers in longer fpikes then the other ; the ieedcs and rootes be much ! like the other Helmet flower. Aconitum byema/c. Winter Woolfesbane. This is deferibed in my former Booke. Vnto thefe kinds of Aconites may be referred the Authora or Antithora, fet forth in my former booke, for that in the outward face and forme of growing, it doth fo nearely reprefent them, that it made Chfim thinkeic tnuftalfobeof the fame deadly quality with them; and although the name doth import it to be the remedy a- gainfl; the poyfon of the herbe Thom, which fhall be (hewed in the next Chapter, and 1 b might challenge to be rather inferted among the Alextpharmaca.Comterpotions, yet becaufe both it is as I faidfolike unto thofe former Aconites in the flowring,and yet is the remedy againft the poyfon of thefe Aconites , as well as of that Thora, 1 thinke it fitter to mention it here then there, and give you the figure and properties thereof likewife, among the vertues, although 1 have faid fomewhat of them formerly. The Place. None of thefe plants grow naturally wilde in our country that ever I could certainly learnc, although Doftof Penny in his life time, feemed to affirme, that he faw fome of their kinds growing on certaine hills in Nortbmh. herland: they all grow in woods and Ihadowie places in Only,Cjermany, and other places. The Time. Some of thefe flower earlier and fome later then others,according as their titles teftifie ; the refl flower in the end of or beginning of Iune. The Names. It is called in Greeke irimw Aconitumjta dictum faith Pliny , quia in nudis cautibus nafcitttr , qua; accr.ec nomi- nmt, ttbi nu/lojuxta tie fulvere qiiidem nutrititr, which Ovid exprelfeth in the feventh booke of his Metamorfhofis in thefe verfes. Qux quia nafeuntur dura vivacia cote Agreftes Aconita vocant - ■■ — Theophraftiu faith it took'C the name ab Aconisubi plurimumnafcitury Is autem vie us eft Pcryandinorum, qttiad Her ac learn Ponti eft , which Tl'my faith againe in his fixt booke and firft Chap. Tortus Aeonx veneno Aconito dirus. But Pena milliking thefe derivations faith, Aptior fusrit Nomenclatura interpretation ft cam ab herb a fucco , velra- dice^quibuf q-uafi cote Jpicula a venatoribus affriEla & fubaEla, cxlerius fubirent , & perniciem adferrent , quam ft ft cautibus, aut apagi cognomine deducas : yet faith he poflit etiam cLtwth dnovn^v deduct, qnemadmodum t o^lnor ctTnTov To^ivtiv & non a taxo. For even fo Xenophon in Cyripxdia faith>«^' tophi', iJt dy.ovv(ed\>auifyco 7 rov ( vjfiv. Neque enim jacularineque in hominemcollimare permittebamrn vobU •„ it is called LycoElonon & CynoElonum becaufe it killeth Woolves and Dogs; in Latine ^Aconitum & luparia, for the fame caufes : But the name of Aconitum was referred to many forts of poyfons, and poyfonous herbes, one much differing in face, though nop quality from another, as hath beene (liewed before in the white Ellebor and-others, and may be hereafter more as accafion fhall ferve ; It is called of the Arabians fhanach adip or ad’b, ideftyflrangulatorem Itipi , of the Italians ^Aconito & Luparia, of the Spaniards Terua matta louo, of the French Tueloup t ot the Cjcrmans fVoljfjwurtz,,Qf the Dutch Woolfxvurtcl . The firft kind here fet downe is called by Gefner in hort Ger, Aconitum primum fiore albo, Camerarius tnhorto under the name of Aconitum LycoElonum flore luteo difimguifheth both the kinds very well, faying the greater hath the largeft leafe and fairell greene colour and flow rcth later then the other, it is thought to be the fixt kind of Aconite, that Mattbiolus givech onely the dumbe figure thereof: The fecond is cal¬ led of Cluftus Aconitum LycoElonum fiore Delphinii j m .Silc/iacum-yof Camerarius Aconitum fiore Delphinii; of Gef¬ ner in hortis Germainx ^Aconitum cxrulcum aliud. of Bauhinus Aconitum cxruleum hirfutum fiore Confolidx rega¬ in : the third is the Aconitum fiore j Delphinii of TDodonxus and Lobel : of'Dalechampius Aconitum LycoElonum ca«* ruleum j m ,fioreDelphinii Dodonxi:[t is probable to be the fourth Aconitum of Matthiolus.Bauhinus calleth it Aco¬ nitum cxruleum glabrum fiore confolidx regain: the fourth is called Aconitum LycoElonum tertium cxruleum parvum of Dodonxns, of Lobel LycoElonum cxruleum parvumfacie Tfapelli • it is the tenth Aconitum of Cluftus , who faith and fo doth Gefner alfo, that is called in Italy Thora Italica , and of the Cby miftes there herbatora : of Bauhinus Aconitum cxruleum minus,fine Napellus minor. The fift is called e Aconitum LycoElonum 4. Tauricnm by Cluftus^ and by Bauhinus Aconitum violaceum feu Napellus fecundus. The fixt is the Aconitum LycoElonum alterum of Do- donteus, and is the feventh Aconitum LycoElonum of Cluftus , which he faith is called alfo Antumnale : The feventh is the eight Aconitum LycoElonum coma nut ante of CluftiuSyBduhinus calleth it Aconitum inflex a coma maximum:thc laft is called by Clufius Aconitum Neubergenfe and by Bauhinus Napellus tertius. I call all thefe kinds Woolfes banes and Helmet flowers, not onely for a diftinftion from the other forts that follow (for all thefe are in face and forme of growing, and in leaves, rootes, flowers and feede one, not much differing one from another ) but to {hew you that it is even Diofcoridei his diftinftion,who maketh this his Aconitum alterum , which he faith was called LycoElonum and (fynoElonum, although his former Aconitum called Pardahanches did kill Woolves as well as this, and tha tfuch different herbes fhould not goe in Englifb under one common name of Woolfes banc, whereby it fhould bee hard to underhand in the naming of them what kind is meant. The Vertues. All thefe plants are poifonous and deadly to mankinde, to be taken inwardly any manner of way, as that feaftj at A nwerp? flieweth,where by ignorance the leaves of Inpana or Nape/lm, being put as a fallet herbe with others, many that did eate thereof died,after the violent paflions they endured for the time : it is alfo as deadly to Dogs, Wolves, and other creatures, who fhall take thereof, either the juyee of the herbe or roote, or the herbe or roote it feife, put into flefh, and given them to eate .* in the juyee of the rootes efpeeially* the hunters of „ wilde Ee t, beafts. 31? 1 C h a p.i. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 3, beaftes doeufe to dippe the heads of their arrowes they fhoote,or darts they throw at the Wilde bcafts, which killcth them that are wounded therewith fpeedilyjyet it is laid that the flefh of the beads fo ki lied,is no whit poy- fonotts but fafe, and eateth more tender than ofothers of the lame kinde, not killed in the lame manner, fo as ir abide undreffed for a day and a night. The ordinary phyficall remedies that is to be uled for any that have taken of thefe hetbes, is fird to procure vomiting,with all the fpeede poffible, to avoid as much of the evill fubltance that remaineth in the ftomacke as may be; and fecondly gliders, both to clenfe the bowe 11s, and to draw the evill quality downetvards that way : and thirdly prefervatives to defend the heart andvitall lptrtts from fuftocati- on, or the bloud from putrefaftion or congelation ; which areeftefted by taking Mithridate, or rather Venice Treakle, which is more appropriate for poyfons; asalfo to drinke the decoftion of Origanum, Rew, Hore- hound, Wormcwood, or Wormewood wine; as alfo Southernwood, Chatnapstys, or ground Pme, arid Gcnti- am : a dramme of the true Opobalfamttm taken with hony is much commended, and lo is Cador, Pepper and Rue, of each a little quantitie taken in wine. Some commend alfo to drinke that wine, wherein iron, or gold, or fdver, made red hot hath beenc quenched. Tetrus Aponenfis in his Booke of poifons, commendeth the ufe of Terra, lemnia a drammeor two, thereofto be taken in warme drinke ; but above allhee faith that Arijlolachtu Imttt, or the long rooted Birthwort.is the mod efpcciall antidote or remedy againfl all Aconites : But behold the wonderfull goodnefle of God ; who although he hath given to thefe plants fo deadly faculties, yet hath he endued them alfo with other properties, very bencficiall to mans health •• as that the juice or diddled water of Acamtum Ponticum of both forts,dropped into the eyes, taketh away the inflammation or rednefle in them, as alfo cleareth them from any haw,or pinne or webbe,growing in or uponthem.lt is faidlikewifeby fVbrj',that if any be dung with a Scorpion, or other venemous Serpent,or nave taken any other poifon, that to take of this in warme wine will expell the other; for finding another enemy already polfelling the part that he would worke upon, he ftri- veth to overcome his malignity, and fpendeth his force wholely upon it,and thereby freeeth nature from mine, (But this were a delperate cure for a defperate difeafe ) and that by the couch onely of this Aconite, Scorpions are dulled, and redoredagaine by white Hellebor; how true this is I leave to every one to judge or trie as he lhall thinkc bed himfelfe i but certaincly if either the rootesor feedcs of thefe Aconites,or ofche other Helmet flowers be beaten into pouder, or the juyee of them boy led with oyle, orHogges fat, and the head and body anointed therewith, it will kill lice and vermine breedingtherein : the lye alfo wherein the leaves, rootes, or ieede, hath heene boyl’ed, doth the lame.and elenfeth the head alfo from feurfe and dandraffe. Galen faith that they are ufed in foulc ulcers and fores,to conlume the dead flefh, fo as the foresee not in the mouth ot privities,which by reafon of their vicinitie, to the fpirits and life are not to be dealt with in fuch fort: and for the Helmet flowers (they are all thought ro be of one nature,howfoever it is fpoken but of one that is the more common) Anicra preferibeth an Antidote or remedy againfl the poifon thereof, to be made with the Moufe that feedeth upon the roote of the Napellus, or Helmetflower, faying, that that Moufe is the Treakle thereof, and being taken in the whole fub- ftance, refifteth the venome of the Napellus , and freeth them from all danger; which Moufe diiatthiolus faith he hath often found, and faith it is that which A wen calleth Napellus Moypi, having the fame propertic againlt the poifon of Napellus, that the plant it felfe fo called hath. Petrus Aponenfis alfo faith, that this Mnfe that fee¬ dethupou the rootes of T(apellut is the SBczoar againfl; the Napellus , if it be dryed and two drams of the pouder given in drinke ; but Antonins Guainerius, a famous Phylitian of Pavia, in his Treatife of poifons thinketh that It cannot be a Moufe, that Avicen maketh mention of to feede upon the roote of TiapeUw, but that they are cer- taine great Flies that feede upon the flowers, whereofhis Antidote ismade that expelleth the poifon. For hee there reporteth the induftry of a certaine ftudent in Phylofophy, defirous to know the truth hereof, who fought diligently for this Moufe, but could neither find or fee any, or that any rootes had beene eaten or bitten by any Moufe or the like thing, but found abundance of Flies feeding upon the leaves, which therefore hee cooke, and with them in Head of the Moufe he made an Antidote, which he found to be very effeftuall, not onely againltio- tHer poifons, but chiefely that of the Napellus ot Helmet flower : Tetrus Pena, and Mattlnolus de Label confir- meth this opinion, and experience of Guainerius his fludent by their owne triall alfo, who not finding any Monle, nor hearing thercofby any the Shepheards, arid others livinginthofemountainesof Switzerland, where the Napellus groweth in abundance, or that ever they had feene any Moufe to feede thereon, found as they fay great ftore of certaine great Flies, with blewiflr greene heads and wings, like unto Canthariaes feeding upon the flowers, when as they could not finde any other living creature, to touch or eate ir; the grade every where be- ing eaten by the cattle that fed thereby, but not any part thereof once touched. And therefore much lufpefted that this pvtmus, was miitakenby the Arabians forjuhte mufeus the Greeke word as well as the Latine, being fo neare in letters the one unto the other ; ( for the roote of this Napellus killeth Mice as the name MyoUonon and Myopbonon doth import i ) of which Flies as they fay, and not of any Moufe, is made an antidote mod preva¬ lent againfl the poifon of the mod venemous Spider called Tarantula, as alfo againfl all other Epidemicall gene- rail, or contagions difeafes, and is made after this manner. Take twentic of the Flies that have fed upon Napel- lus, of Ariftolocbia md 'Bolearmonicke, of ach a dramme, whereof a dramme is to be taken at a time, Guainerius his Antidote is to be made with Terra lemnia, Baybcriesand Mithridate ofeach two ounces, xxiiij". of the Flies that have fed upon Napellus, ofhony and oyle a fufficient quantitie, to make it up into an Eleftuary you may fee hereby the various opinions and Writings of men, Mattlnolus and A ponenjis faying they have found and ufed the Moufe, that fed on the Napellus ; and Guainerius, Pena and Label denying it, which whether is the truer, and more probable, is in part Ihcwed before, and in this may be confirmed, that Diofcorides and others doc write, that the Aeanitum LycoElanum ( whereof Napellus is a kind and as flrong ) is alfo called MyoUonon or Myopbonon, that is dfKwiir.becaufe it killeth Mice, as well as Wolves, and therefore they could not live upon it if it wonld kill them. The Antlsoraor Counterpoifon Monkes hood, is faid by all Authors that it groweth, with or hard by the Napellus or Thora, although Gerard faith the contrary, and advifeth that it be not planted neare the 2{apellu, or Helmet flower, for feare of drawing the venemos qualitie thereof unto it. The roote is faid by Jingo Solemn,to purge the body very ftrongly,ofwaterifhand vicious humors,both by vomit and by the ftoo!e,if the quantitie of a bcanc,be taken in broth or in wine: by reafon of the exceeding bitternelfe of the roote, it killcth all forts of wormes in the body : it is alfo faith guainerius, by mine owne experience andfif’ht, as effeftuall as V iElamnut unto all the purpofes whereunto it ferveth the powder of the rootes taken in wine, is a moft fpee- die and fpcciall remedie, againfl the winde collicke, which the Savoyards about Diam, where it groweth abun¬ dantly, R I B E b The Theater of Tlants. (HAP. 3*7 dantly, know very familiarly, and call it L' herbe du machon, that is, the wind collicke herbe, and fuppofe that it having two round rootes, theone will be full and folide one yeare, (as it is in the Orchidcs or Satjrions) and th£ other lanke, whichchangeth to be folide the next yeare, when the other that was firme in the former yeare, will then become lanke; that the found roote will eale the winde chollicke, and the lanke procure it:the fame rootes alfo uled inwardly, is not onely the chiefe and principall Antidote or remedie, againft the poyfon of thefe Wolfes banes, and Helmet flowers, but of the Leopards bane, which {hall be deferibed in the next chapter, and all other poyfonous berbes whatfoever: and againft the venome of all ferpents and other venerrious beafts or crea¬ tures, and is alfo a-moft foveraigne remedy againft the plague or peftilencc, and all other infeflions, or contagi¬ ous difeafes, whichraifefpdts,pockes,ormarkes intheoutwardskinnejbyexpellingthepoyfonfrom within and defending the heart, as a molt foveraigne Cordiall. Chap, II. Acmtitm Pardalianches jive Thorn, Leopards bane, !F this fort of Leopards bane, there are accounted two feverall forts, differing in bearing more ' leaves, one than another, as alfo in the greatnefle of them, and of the whole plant, which yet mi»ht rather be attributed, to the fertility or fterilitie of the foyle, wherein they grow •• but as they sre°e- membred by others, fo I mull: proceede alfo, and let them forth here unto you, I. AccnitumT ardalianches jive Thorn minor. The It (Ter Leopards bane. T The Leopards bane is a fmall low herbe, riling up with a fmall (lender round ftalke, little more than halfe a .foote high, bearing about the middle thereof but one fmall ftiffe or hard leafe, for the mod part, but fometirnes two or three one above another, and fomecimes two together, which are round fomewhat like the leafe of Afa-, rnm, but leffer, fmooth, and of a blewilh greene colour full of veines therein, fomewhat unevenly dented about the edges, not compifling the ftalke, but Handing from it, upon fhort footeftalkes: the toppeof the ftalke is di¬ vided oftentimes into two or three branches, with a fmall narrow leafe at the joint, and one fmooth pale yellow flower at the toppe thereof, fomewhat like unto thofe of Cintjuefoi/e 0 t five leafed graffe, confiding in many of foure, and in fomeoffive round pointed leaves, with a fmall greenifhhead in the middle, which when their flower is fallen, groweth to bea fmall head, confifting of many fmall feedes fet together, like unto the heads of diverfe forts of Ranunculi, or Crowfecte: the roote is compofed offeven eight or tenne, fmall long round very white fhining rootes, fomewhat unevenly as it were branched out like knots or joynts in diverfe places, plaine- lytobedifeernedinfome, but in others not, being plaine and finooth, ending in a fmall long fibre, and all of *8 Ch A P.2 Tbeatrum Botanic urn. all ! W T R I B them fattened at the head thereof, like unto A fphodill rootes,of the moft poifonfull qualitie, that hath beene found . in any other herbe. 3. Aconitum V ardulianches Jive,Tboramajor. The greater Leopards bane. The greater Leopards bane, is in all things like unto the letter, before defcribed, but that it is greater, and ri- feth higher,havinglarger leaves,and finely dented about the edges, and two or three (landing together about the middle of the ftalke, fome l'mallcr than others, and fomctimes one above another, and fome fmall long and narrow ones at the Joints and brancheth forth into two or three parts or more, bearing every one his fmall yel¬ low flower, like the former: the feede and roote is alfo like the other, - 3. Aconitum Peirdaliancbes AeLatthioli common ilium. ALatthiolus his fained Leopards bane, I thinke it not amide to let forth unto your view that figure of ALatthiolus, which he ( as is thought caufed to be drawneaccording to his ownefancie, taking his patterne from this TWoionnumbracbiotar fa g polid Woolfes bane of fort before expreffed, ftandinguponhjob footeftalkes • rh«* (T^l D V - S *i cnce< ^ a ^°. ut c _dges like unto the third longer and narrower then thofe below,and at the top (not havin® anvbran, ke") ^ p™’ 8 leaV . eS tberC01 l the former, but elfe like unto them, with many lone vdlowftaLs ^ °j5, fl £ Wer la Jg er „ thcn an y° f the roote is fomewhat long, blackifh on the outfide a = nd joynted but not nlaftelvmhl.e riT Wn '?? ye ? tluu ™ : ling up wards, and not do wnewards as they doe, in moft of the reft wi.U^pL'l beedifeerned, the joynts ri- having many long white fibres underneath it reft,with fome other rootes,growing from it,and The Doyomeum of cTZmjZlh di rcrTfooTdhd^leTvcs^ofY^!^ ^ , - whitifh and fmooth underneath,lying on the ground fomewhat 'ike unm brnUfSl * C0 ' 0Ur 1 °" Upper Me ’ 3nd unto the Groffeworr Gentian having fome loSbeXrein1 Plantain ? leaves i or rather like times many,beating long leaves, at ever^ftynf. at thetonS?f i eaves nfeth u P, a flaIke ' a " d fine- fometimes, bearing every one a fairc large flower fetas^ic wer-Vn a tw ? 0 ! t ^ ree rn or moreparts pale yellow leaves,dented at the ends,as a pale or border about the midrllp 8 iv r, Up ’ w j 1Icb coufifteth 'of many of foure leaves a peece, of a deepe y4llow colour a [t wcrc Z l ’ 7t\' S ^“ an ? fmal! flowers « hereof becne found in Stiria) with blew flowers which be in® n faith that there hath a (ort away with the fmall blackifh foedethe^fo fte ’roote is fmall C ftvnred T?"? T d ° W ' ie ' and is carricd ftalke: but thofe which are let upon the ftalkes which rile three or fo^r* every one (landing upon a longfbotc- ger then thofe below, fet withoutorfer and^comn fT.n" ir'.fu °l me °,°, K ^ 0r more ' are lon- tle unevenly dented about the edges - the’flowers upon the tnnn bo j?°” e Ilke Tobacco leaves, all of them a lit- are large and yellow like unto the common ’DormLm, whillf after ftey'are p°ft *^he^Jree ’“/?”/’^ f l alk f- S> among the downe, are conveyd both away together with rhe X! P • . feedcs tbat llc tefl-,encre|ing as much as any other. y WItIu ‘! c wmde .the roote is thicke and joynted like the 8, e Dor(£ y- 2 - Chap. 3. C 1 beatrum Botanicum. Tribe 3. 8. Dotonicttm Helveticum incamtm. The hoary Helvetian flippofed Woolies bane. The hoary' Doronkum of Helvetia, rileth up with a round hollow greene italke, a loote high or more, hearingi thereon divers leaves fomevvhat longer and more pointed, then thofe that grow next the ground, l'ome’whereof are round.and others long androundyetall dented about the edges,ofa pale greene colour on the upper fide, with a white rib in the middle, and ofamealiehoarinefi'e underneath, as the footeftalke is allb; the flower is treat and yellow chat llandeth at the top of the ftalke, with many long narrow leaves,not dented at the edges, but Imooth compaflingthe middle thrumme : thefeeae is carried away with the downe, like untoothers ; therooteisimall 1 joynted,and as it were icaltd like the reft. ’ 9 - ‘Doroncum Helveticumhumile. T he low fuppofed Woolfesbane of Helvetia. This low Doronicnm of Helvetia or Switzerland, hath many ihicke,darke, greene,hairy leaves, and of a paler greene underneath, lying next the roote being lomewhat long and round and dented about the edges; from a. mong which rifeth up a (hort hairy ftalke, not halfe a (oote high, with very long and narrow leaves l'ct’thereon" parted at the toppe into two or three l'mall branches, bearingyellow flowers, ot a meane fize or bigneffe like unto the reft,, 5 IQ. r DcTonicnm Arntricanum. Suppolcd Woclfesbane of America, This ftrange Doronicum hath divers very large leaves next the ground lomewhat rough and hairie,divided in¬ to five parts, each part being five or fix inches long,and two inches broad,pointed at the ends,and deepely dented on the edges into three parts: from among which rileth up fundry Imooth round ftalkes let with the like leaves butfomewhat Idler and lelfedivided.andfome little or i.ocar all: atthetopof every ftalke llandeth one larne’ yellow flower like unto the former,the bordering leaves being long and narrow,and the middle thrum bi ow- mfh,and made as it were ot many flowers fet thicke together: the roote is great thickeand hard, faltnedwith many long firings, I have here given you two figures thereof.the one taken by us,the other by the French. 1 2. Radices Donnie, vulgo officinarum,& Radices Mechini ranoris Lobelii,fn Doronicogenuine Arabnm a ’Torn exhibits. The Apothecaries Doronicnm,2ni the true one of the Arabians as Pona thinketh. I have here Iikewife particularly given you the figures of the rootes of two forts of Deromcum as they are fup. poled to be,the formofl generally received by all or moll both writers & Apothecaries for their medicines, whofe dclcription islet downebefore.the other Pena in his Italian Baldm fetteth forth (uppofing it to be more probably the true 'Doronicum of the Arabians then the former, which doth not agree thereunto either in forme or quality for in the zoo. Chap, ofhis fecond Booke, and Serapio in the 315. Chap, of his Booke of fimpleshave’ defctibcd their Bonn,cum to be a roote of the bigneffc ofones thumb, ofahard and heavy fubftance, ofa yel- lowtlh colour on the outfide and browne within, with fome white veines.and is hot and dry in the third degree: thus hut laithT»M,I know ns ocher roote more properly doth reprefent that Dorcnicnm ,then this fort m't 1S 0 , found amon § the M 'cbinm or blacke Singer, that is brought us chiefly from 'Brajnt which Lobc/l calleth Mechim rant variety ,having divers circular knotted lines as it were like joynts on theout- 10 . Dornnicum Americium. The flippofed Woolfes banc of America. it. Vorotiicum antiqucramPorit. Lehel liis rare varieties of CMtcbitim and the ^ira- biant 2)oronicum by Pona. Tr IB E.$. The TheaterofTlants. Chap. $. fide, andisfirme and heavy full of white veines therein when it is broken ; it is alfo very fharpe,quicke, biting and aromaticall in tafte, and therefore faith he, having all the notes of their Doronicum, ic can be no other then the true and legitimate Doronicum, from whom the reafons being fo pregnant, I know not well how to dif- fent,yet leave it to others to judge as they fhall finde caufe. The true rootes of the Doronicum in the Apothecaries (hops are milfet, which fliould have beene in this table, : but are exprcffed in the fift figure. The ’Place, The firft groweth on the hills in Savoy, beyond the lake Lemmm, and in other places, both of France and Germany : the fecond groweth not farre from Burdeaux m France,. The third on the wooddy hills about Trent, and in AuftriaMoisCluJius faith t the fourth Clufus faith he found on divers hills in Aufria. The fift likewife about Newberg in Styria. The fixt is found in many places of fermany, in the medowes and cllewhcre, and as it is thought, on the hilly grounds in Northumberland.. The feaventh groweth in many places, both of Au¬ fria and Hungary, as C lufim faith the eight upon the Alpei in Switfcrland : the ninth alio on the fame hills about Fdlefia, and the Xafb came from the French colony about the river of Canada and nourfed up by Vejfiafian Ro* tin the French Kings Herbarifl at Park, who gave M r . Tradefcml fome rootes that hath encrealed well with I him and thereof hath imparted fo me alfo. The T irr.e. They all flower early for the mod part,that is in a . bouc tbe middle whereof.come forth ufually three (hikes of leaves, each being foraewhat broacl Hard and cur in on the edges into three parts, of a (ad greene colour, and dented alfo? the (hike rifeth made offiv? We" f S hlgh .I H 3 ™? at 'j 10 , cop P c one . fin g. lc flowe t> ha "g i > 1 ? d °wne the head for the mod part, madeot he e Iea\ es, fomewhat broad and almoft round pointed, of alight blewifh colour on the outlide. before tt be bio wne open, but white afterwards, and more white on the infide, having a few white threds in the middle, Tribe 3. The Tibeater of Tlantes. 1. Ranunculus nemorofus albus (implex. The fiBgle white Wood Crowfoote Chap.4., Ranunculus nemorofusfore lutto. Theyeilow Wood Crowfoote, middle.tipt with yellow .ftandmg about a greene head, which intime growing ripe.is fomewhat like other heads or Crowreete, compofed of many fmall feedes fee together : the roote is. nlually of the bigneffe ot a wheate itra w ftalke, not growing downe deepe, but creeping longwife under the upper criill of the ground, fpreadine out into diverfe fmall knobs like branches, of a darke browne colour on the outlide, and white within, and of a fharpe biting tafl e, enfiaming 1 he mouth. 2. Ranunculus nemorofus m nimns albus, The leaft white Wood Crowfoote. This fmall wood Crowfoote, hath fuch like leaves as the former (ingle white kind hatn devided into three parts, and each of them into other againe, (landing upon little long foote (hikes, but they are much le(fer, fo that the w hole leafe hereof, is not much bigger than one of the Divilions, or parts of the other: the ftalke is ve- riefmall with a few leaves thereon, in two places more devided than the lower, little more than two inches high : at the toppe ftandeth a white flower, confiding of fixe white leaves, with a few yellowifh threds in the middle : the roote is fmall and long like unto the other. 3 . Ranunculus nemorofus ftorc cameo . The (ingle blilfh wild Crowfoote. The (ingle blufh wilde Crowfoote, is both for forme,of growing, in ftalkes, leaves, flowers, and rootes, like unto the former, fo that untill it be in flower, there can hardly be any difference difeerned, but when the flower appeareth, it fheweth it (clfe much more reddifh on the outfide, and of a faire pale purple, or blufh colour on the in fide, which maketh it a diftind fpecies of it felfe, differing from the reft. 4. Ranunculus nemorofus fore purpurcoc £ ruleo. The fingie purple Wood Crowfoote. This purple kinde is alfo like the other, anddiflereth from them chiefcly in the ftalke which is fo me what browner,and in the flower, which is of a pale purple blewijfh colour, like unto a pale violet flowerjhonc of thefc have any great lent, but yet a little, and more than the yellow kinde which followeth next. 5. Ranunculus nemorofus Intern % The yellow wood Crowfoote, The yellow Wood Crowfoote groweth‘in the fame manner that the former doe, and with fuch like ftalkes of leaves, but they are not fo broad, nor fo hard in handling, and are more deepely cut into rpore long and narrower parts, yet each alfo dented about the edges, efpecially towards the ends of the leaves, and of a darker greene co¬ lour; from betweene thefe ftalkes ofleaves, fhooteth forth fometimes but one, and fometimes two or three ftalkes, with everyone a flower thereon, fomewhat fmallcr than the former, confiding of fixe ufually or of feaven, and fometimes of eight leaves, which are of a faire pale yellow colour, with many yellow threds in the middle, the feede and rootes are like the former: this hath as I faid leaft fent at all. Vnto thefe belong that fort of Anemone or rather Crowfoote that Z)Wouon*U The Muske Crowfoote, hath three or foure {lender pale greene ftalkes ofleaves, fomewhat devided at the edges of them, not halfe a foote high,and not of halfe that height in fome places,very like ur.to thereof the Hoi- F F low Tr i be The Theater of‘Plants. C ha p, 4. low roote, but fmaller, and oFa paller fhining greene colour, fiom among which rile up one or two fmall (hikes I with two fuch like leaves thereon,but (mailer,and a little above tbcm,a fmall round greenifh yellow head.which j, fpreadeth not into leaves, but into foure or five little moffie heads of threads, and lbabidetha while, having i: no other flower,and paffe away into many fmall kernelly feedejthe roote is (mall and fomewhat long, compofed t as it were of many fmall very (Fining white thicke fcales growing upwards,and having many white fibres at the rl head ofthem, of a little fweetilli bitter, fharpe and binding tafte, the leaves have a little fweete fent, fome- «' what like unto that kinde of Cranesbill, called Miiske, yet more in the naturall places than in Gardens, when if itistranfplantedintothem. y. Ranunculus nemorofus dulcis fecundus Tragi. SwCete Wood Crowfoote. Thefirft Ieavesofthis kinde of Crowfoote, are round fomewhat like unto Violet leaves, and notdevided at all, but thofe that rife next after them, are more devided, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the lad, and fo thole ; that grow after and upon the fialkes are more devided than they : the flowers are fmall, and of a faire fhining ji gold yellow colour, (banding at the toppesofthoftalkes, like unto the other common kindes of Crowfeete : af- ir ter which come the feede many fet together in ahead, like a fmall Strawberry, as diverfe other Crowfeete I have; the roote is compofed of many white firings and fibres, like unto others; neither roote or leafe of this kind, hath any (liarpe or biting tafie in them, but are almoft infipide. 8 . Ranunculus Virginenfls albas. The white Virginia Crowfoote. The white Virginia Crowfoot (hooteth forth from a reddifh thick tuberous roote with fomc fmall fibres there¬ to, three or foure fomewhat large btoad whitifh greene leaves upon long foote fialkes, rent or torne on the | edges for the mod part, among which rifeth up a (lender round naked ftalke,five or fixe inches high, bearing one white flower at the toppe, made of tenne or of twelve fmall narrow and pointed leaves,with a few yellowifii threds in the middle,fet about a greenifh utnbone, which in time groweth to be a long (lender pod, wherein is contained round whitifh feede. The Place. The mod forts of thefe are found growing in Woods, Groves,and Orchards, fome of them in our owne land . in many places, the refi in many places of Italy, Germary,&c. The fift is found as well by the brooke Tides that paffe by Medovves, as in Woods, and by hedge fides. The Time. They doe all flower very earely in the Spring, in March oftentimes, or at the furthefl in April!. The Names. The firfifonre arc diverfly called of diverfe Writers, for fome call them Ranunculi nemerefi, or nemorum and fylnarum, others Anemones fylveSlres, or nemorofa; but in regard none of thefe do beare any cottony head offeede as all the Anemones doe. I rather hold with their judgement, that referre them to the kindes of Ranunculus or Crowfoote ;yct C lupus thinketh that they may be reckoned as kindes of wild Anemones, and faith that diverfe did thinke them to be the AnemonefylveSlris, that Theophrapus calleth hetuwU Leimon'm ; the Italians call them Gcngevo falvatico,wild Ginger, either becaufe the rootes of them all, are very (harpe, hot and biting the tongue like Ginger.or rather as 1 thinke,becaufe the rootes doe grow a little fpreading into feverall parts, very like un- toGinger. 7>«£«r calleth them Ranunculus fyheftris, whereof there are two forts as he faith, Candidas and hi. tens, one that beareth white flowers and an other yellow : Iohannes Thahus maketh them his third kinde of I Crowfeete : Gefner calleth the firft white one Ranunculus Phragmitis: I have therefore upon more mature ad¬ vice entituled them Wood Crowfeete, and fet them in the firll rankeor divifion : thefecondis called by Ban. hinus Ranunculus nemorofus ^Anemones flore minor-. the third, fourth and fifth, have their names in their titles s the fixe is diverfly alfo called,for Cordus calleth it MofchatelU, and fome other Mofchatella pratenp: that it may differ from the Mofchatella carulea of Lugdunenfis called alfo cAgeratum pururcum ; Lobel calleth it Ranunculus minimus Septentrionalium herbido mufeofo flore.Tragus and Gefner make it to be a kinde of Ariftolochia, for fo they accounted the Radix (fava to be,and thereupon as Camerarius faith,divers did aswell account it a kinde of Capuos as fmall Crowfoote. Lugdunenfis calleth it Denticulata from the forme of the rsote which is made as it were of many teeth fer together: Thefevenrh is Tragus his fecond Ranunculus fylveflris, and Lobel Vis Ranunculus «uri~ , comas. The Iaft hath not beene fet forth by any before. The Venues. By reafonoftbe hot fharpe biting tafte of the foure firft forts, they are found no lefle to exulcerate the skinne i being applied, then any of the other forts of Crowfeete; yet they may be well ufed to cate away and confume hard tumours, as alfo to take away fcarres and other blemifhes, and wartes upon the hands, &c. and to eate our the core of comes in the feete, the leaves or roote efpecially, being bruifed and bound to for a certaine fpace: They are laid alfo to clenfe foule ulcers that are much corrupted and (linking. The 6. and 7 . fort are notknowne tobeufed. Vntothis Divifion appertaine thofe other fortsof Anemones fylveftres flore pleno, fet forthin my former Wotke. Ditvi/to fecunddi, The fecond divifion. Ranunculipratenfes & arvenfes. Field Crowfeete. t. Ranunculus pratenfis du'eis. Sweete Meddow Crowfoote. T His Meddow Crowfoote (which I call fweet, not as Gnvsrddoth becaufe it fmelleth fweete, but in regard it hath no fharpe biting or exulcerating tafte, asmoft of the other Crowfeete have, but is fo fweete and pleafant, that many in Germany and other places, doe flew the leaves, when they are young amon der and greener on the upperlide, and not fully olio filver a white colour underneath, the flowers are of a faire deepe yellow colour, and greater, but the roote hath not fo many fmall grainesor kernels fet together, many rimalhs 1 hav e obferved,but fliooteth forth white firings, whereby it is nourifhed and maintained. Flore ini- ot tIlis kinde f° me havebeene found growing in Apulia in the Kingdome of Naples, with a white flower.and n iato. an other with a reddifh flower. 1 3 Ranunculus Lufitanicus asstumnalis[implex. The fingle Portugali Crowfoote. This Portugal! Crowfoote hath many broade leaves, lying upon the ground, almoft round yet pointed, and finely dented about the edges, not divided at all, but fomewhat hayrie full ofveines, and of a darke greene colour on the upperfide, and of a yellowifh greene underneath, which continue all the winter, not falling away untill frefh doe lpring up : from among thefe leaves (hoote forth two or three fmall (lender hayrie fliort ftalkes, not a foote high, bare without leaves, bearing each of them one lmall yellow flower, compofed of five, and fometime oflixe leaves, with fome yellow threds in the middle, which fall away mod ufually with us, without bearing any leede, in regard it flowreth fo late in Autumiie, but in the natural! places; and fometimes with us, if the yearebeveryhot, and fitting for it; it beareth a fmall head of fuch like feede, as the field Crowfoote beaieth; the roote is made of fmall round whitifb long kernels or pieces, many fet together, (omewhat like the Illyrian-, (jut greater and longer.-This kinde Clufius obferved intheOIive-yacds about £«£ according to Pliny, yet fome writers thought thejxi to be Qoronopus pes corvi of ‘Diofcorides^ and from thence _ ' " -- ~ ‘ it Trib e 3. The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 4. j 4. Ranunculus autumndlis fore multiplied Double flowed autumne Crowfootc* •R avunculus Creticus latifolius. Yellow broade leafed Crowfoote of C thal: cven th ofe tha’tare not fharpe, doe difcude and dilfolve hard tumors in any part of the body, being applied: a peece of the round rnn- ee rowfoote put bettveene thofe teeth that doe ake, or into an hollow tooth, taketh away the paine but ■ many times, it either breaketh thofe that are hollow, orcaufeththemto fallout: fome write, that applied to , e. n S er ’caufing more paine therein, than is felt, by the touthach, it taketh away the paine: the decodfion of the leave, o the field Crowfeete, heaieth fcabs and theitch, but they muff not be fufered to abide lo~n the t bit ndrV fc IS W1,e ufcd t0 nay the [ alUn g of the hair e> the head being waftied therewith, being made warme i w "““o reft thereon above two or three houres, and then waflied oft'with fredi warme water: itisalfofaid ' rndrf-prf'b ro ? tc ^ c brutfed, and applied unto a foule ulcer, it will clenle and take away all the filthy and corrupt ■ matter therein, leaving the fore fatre to be healed up with other convenient things, but it mud not lie lone to rip f°n ^ ‘ C WOr } e ^ 0rcl ! ,lic:a11 ‘ hef ' fo«Pe Crowfeete, have the fame operation to take away warte s S or : * bl - f 7 *t : d r iiggedniflcofna,.les.markes.fpots.and blemifhesin theskin.andall the other properties attributed ' L K p fo c r 5 °, f Crowfeete, mentioned in the former divilion : befides being mixed with fwirxs duiie they breakeSo-ofWw or the fmaU kemells under the eares, and of thenecke called the Kings Evill and a f- U^morrhoides or piles that fweli and blcede not, helpeth todifculfe or take them away: but in no worketh Afi!? 6 applycd t0 tbold tpiat are open and bleede. The diftillcd water of the hetbe, whilfl it is in flower fomp k Holh t y 1 hepi i lp ? fes afo !'f J ld r ’. d as , fome re P° rt » given with good fucceffe inwardly, with a . , ! ld ponther.or tbe/pecies called Lrthontnbm, to provoke urine when it is flopped, and to breake tire ftone.thedryed rootes of mod of them made into pouther, and put into the nofe procured! neefing. vh’ifio tertia. The third Divilion. Ranunculi CMontani. Mountaine Crowfoote. OL»Sv 0 of e twn r r W f Feete J^^ aVe i. en S a ? d ,;c mi ' former Booke ' by thename of R&itf»cnltu montantu ^S°f^ “ | 1S thefi , rftPm , aU fiS u [ eft therealfo. mmt m m mimr fitrc & Wh \ ch „ 15 tI,e Pe , co " d figure here, and the double fort among the other garden forts hereafter R.muJulu, fi ? re ’ bein § thc mpheetand thin CSl&K ji/phodehradicethe fourth: and Ranunculus cramincus flore Ititeo (implici dr dun lie i rhe fifr { , of'diem^l^ 11 ^^ 1 FUt thCre arC a S reat many other forte which Hvif/her^brin^toyour^confidlmi'on^d'fpeake the great'^itt^mwdneOowfMtediftra^ftorndJlc^fingie whS?majnci‘ WF ^c e ” f b • fet forth in my former booke (whole figure I gwe j” u here in thc fccond nhppT ‘.",P fl ?f W uT “ that the leaves of tilts Crowfoote.being fomewhat hairy and very lame are div idpd r f/Yi, ■ thC !f thln S s > and each of them fomewhat deep’elier Rented about theses reSingthat oSe Sote but larger and (landing upon footeftalkes, that are hairy aid 1 footclogllmofbhc llLlkeisW^; great and hairy bare almoft of leaves unto the top, where it branched, oV 72 flowed under whic^ftand a fcTf.'b* l ar ge.leaves,rnuch more divided then thofe bclow:the flowers are many, each (landing on a lon» footefla k very Urge and white conliftnig of five leaves fo large,that the whole flower feoneth to bee as great as a fingle purple ringed Daffodill, and very fweete withall, having many yellow threds in rfie middle ftandW , b °“ head >'Y here °n being npe the feede groweth many let together; the rootc is fomewhat great and lon s , but as it were bitten off in the halfe, with many long blackifh firings hanging thereat S This great Trauff ""T FamTllC grCaC pUrple mountaine Crowfoote. 1 his great Crowfoote hath fourc or five or more very large and hairy leaves, riling from the roote let lmn „ long hairy foote ftalkes, each whereof is decided into five or more parts, deepely cut in unto the middle dented likewtfe about the edges.and of a darke greene colour on the upper fide, and g/ayifli, or as i wele hoar'v imdpt rcath among Which rifeth up a ftrong round hollow ftalke, hairy alfo, about a° yald high, 2,® t the top much divided, and from thence fpreadeth into three or fourc or more fmall branches each fiillaining a fmall leafe or two, about which ftandeth the flower, confiding office round leaves of a purnl’iftr colnnr^nn pl¬ under fide, and about the edges oftheinfide, but pure white Sn the reft of he infidV P h% n ■Se^ 1 ^ ln B 7 t d lg f eenCh | ead ’fiK hich b A arethma 7 flattifll and bllckina browne ftiarp n e y p y oimed leeue . the roote is compofed of many long fibres or Brings, and hairy at it were at the head thereof P P T i • p „ r 3 ' R-* nurtc **ws PUntagmisfolio. Plantaine leafed Crowfoote Tr i b e.^. The Theater of Plants, Chap.4°« 33^ cVie roote is compofed of many white firings or fibres, faftned to a head which is fotncwhat hairy, and abided? many yeares, but the leaves perifh quite in the end of Summer, and are renewed in the fpring. Ranunculus Pjrentus albw duplex. Double white Crowfoote of the Pyrenean hills- This Crowfoote differcth little from the laftbutin the flowers whi£h are notfo many together, and co'nfift of two rowes of white leaves. 5 . Ranunculus montanus Betomc&foliis. Mountaine Crowfoote with Betony like leaves. This finall Crowfoote hath divers leaves riling from the roote, fomewhat broad and long, full of fmall veines which make it feeme rugged every one upon a little fhort footeftalke, roundly dented about the edges and round at the point or end, very like nnto the leaves of Betony, but that they are fmaller, of a brownifh greene colour on the upper fide, and of a filver white fhining colour underneath : the (lender hayrie ftalke that rifeth up in the middle of thofe leaves, doth fcarfe exceede the length of ones hand, bare or naked without any leaves unto the top, where it beareth one flower onely, like unto the lafi de (bribed Angle Crowfoote but lmal- ler, confiding of five fmall white leaves, pointed atthe ends with fome yellow threds in the middle, having five fmall greene leaves under it, as a haske wherein it is fet: the feede is concerned in a fmall rough head like unto other Crowfeete : the roote is a fmall tuft of white Fibres, fomewhat like unto the roote of Betony : the whole plant both leaves and rootes are bitter, with an exceeding audere or aftringent binding tafte, whereby it is Judged not to be huftfull or offenfive, but rather acceptable to the ftomacke, and may be profitable for moyft, and cold difeafes thereof. 6 Ranunculusgramineus bulbofus. The bulbed graffeleafed Crowfoote. This bulbed graffeleafed Crowfoote hath divers very long and narrow, fmooth,grayifh, greene leaves, fome¬ what hairy at the bottome, and with fome long veines therein; from among which rifethupa fiender flalkc, about a foote high, with two fmall long leaves thereon, not branched at all, but bearing out of a lmall huskeof five greene parts, one fmall faire (hining yellow flower, like unto other Crowfeete, as is the feede alfo, being many fet together on a long head, and every one pointed with a crooked end : the roote is fome what round at the bottome, with a long necke upward, covered with a blackifli hairy coate or covering, with divers thickc and round Fibres growing underneath, thicker at the ends then at the heads with fome fmall hairy fibres at tire end of them : within that outer hairy coate is found a round bulbous roote, like unto chat o (Gladiolus or Come FlaggCjthe one fet upon the other which was the elder,and feemed as it were fhruiike. 7 . Ranunculus gramineus perfoliatus . Thorough leafed graffe Crow foote. This fmall thorough leafed graffe Crowfoote fendeth forth from a fmall fibrous roote, divers narrow grayifh greene graflle leaves, about two inches long, yet fomewhat broader then the laft; from the middle of whom rifeth up the ftalke,fcarfe higher then the leaves, having two long leaves about the middle thereof, broad at chc bottome and comparing the ftalke, like unto that fmall kind of yellow Centory, that hath his name frpm that, effedl, which brancheth it felfe at the top, bearing two or three very fmall gi eemth yellow flowers, confiding of five broad leaves,fomewhat foUlded inward,and not layd fully open s the head of feede is fmall, but like unto * % th$ Tribe 3. The Theater ofTlants. C ha P.4.. the gralfe Crovvfootc defcribed in my former Booke. Of this kinde there is another whofe leaves are fomewhat broader, and the flowers more fpread open, and with (harper ends. 8 . Ranmcttlmpumilus alter augujlifclius. Another fmall narrow leafed Crowfoote. There is another of this lad kinde, which groweth a little bigger and higher,and beareth but one yellow flowef upon the toppe ofthe dalke, larger than in any other of thefe three laft graffe Crowfeete. 9 - Ranunculus Afpbodeli radice flare luteo. Yellow Crowfoote with Afphodil/rootes. I have in my former Booke fee forth one of this kind,very like hereunto both for forme of flowers and rootes whofe figure you have before : this other differeth from it in the leaves (the former being fomewhat broa- derthan this, very like unto the Imall, Thalittrum) which are very fmall, narrow ,and much divided, very like unto the leaves of the greater 2 ulbacaftamtm, or earth Chefnut; fome lying upon the ground, and others (landing more upright, each [landing upon a reddifh hairy foote llalkc, which with the leaves is very nigh halfe a foote long, in the middle of whom appeareth a greene head before the ftalke is rifen, and beareth it at the toppe there- of, as itrifeth ; which when it is ripe ready to blow, flieweth to be !but one faire Alining yellow flower f whereas the other hath many white onesj confiftingof five round pointed leaves; with many yellow threds in the middle, [landing about a greene head, which in time groweth fomewhat longer than in other forts of Crowfeete, having many crooked feedes fet together thereon, but much fmaller than in many of the other: the flalke is lingular, not many, but hairy and reddilh, feldome branched, but bearing two or three divided leaves towards the toppes, fomewhat broader that thofe below, upon fhort footeftaikes, at feverall diftances one above another,on both Tides thereof: the roote is compofed of diverle tuberous,round and fomewhat Ion" clo»s,ending in a very long fibre,very like unto the other. 5 “ ’ b I o. Ranunculus alterfasten,lis Afthodeti radicc. The pale Crowfoote of Naples, with Afyhodill roote. This Crowfoote of Naples, hath many thicke cloggie rootes, joyned together at the end, greater above and fmaller downewards, of about a thummes length, with many fmall fibres among them, from whence the firft leaves that rife up are broad, fomewhat deepely cut in on the edges on both fides, but thofe that follow nest are much more divided, and into many parts, each part cut in alfo and dented befides on the edges, and [landing upon long foote (hikes, which are broader at the botcome than above, and compaffe one another at the foote for a little way upward, being fomewhat hairy alfo, greene on the upperfide and whiter underneath : the (hike is round and hairy, about a foote and a halfe high, having diverfe leaves thereon, much more divided than thofe below; and at the joy nts with the leaves; to ward the toppes come forth long branches, with fmall iWed leaves on them,under a fmall tuft of.threc or foure large pale flowers,of five broad or round pointed leaves,of the breadth of ones naile, with many yellow threds in the middle : the feede is fmall, round, flat and pointed, many let together on a long head- cn !I * ^- anHnCfi ^ tiS moy, td nf{ s birfutus latifolius . Great hairy Mountaine Crowfootes. The fitft leaves of this Crowfoote are round, like thofe of Doves foote, very hairy, of a blackifh greene c<> lour, and foft, divided or cut into three parts, each of them alfo parted into three fmaller divifions, (landing upon 2. Ranunculus montanusPennxi. The great purple mountaine Crowfoote. 3. Ranunculus plantaginit folio. Plantainc leafed Crowfoote. 337 FoliJ life ufculit , ^ I'. »; „ • ^38 CHAP.4, Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. Tri BE long hairy footeftalkes.yet thofe chat follow are broader,more divided and hairy ,among which rifeth up a ftraked hollow flalke,a cubite and a halfe high, with diverfe leaves fet thereon,and parted toward the toppe into many branches, having final! pale yellow flowers on them, like unto others of this kinde, and feede alfo in the like man- ner^he roote is long made of many fibres. 12. Ranunculus montanus UmgmfHS folijs Ranunculipratenfis repenns, Woolly mountaine Crowfoote. The roote of this Crowfoote hath reddifh firings or fibres,fending forth a fmall foft woolly (hike, about a cu¬ bite high, devided into many branches,with pale greene leaves fet thereon,being foft and woolly,and ftanding on woolly long footeftalkes, an hand breadth long, devided into three principall parts,and each of them into others, and dented about the edges, very like unto thofeoftheMedow creeping Crowfoote; the flowers hereof that (land at the toppes of the branches are yellow, but larger than the laft. 13, Ranunculus faxatHU magnofore. Rocke Crowfoote with large flowers. This Crowfoote hath many fmall leaves riling from a long fibrous roote, fet upon long foote ftalkes, fcarfe fo broad as the nade of ones hand, parted into three 4 Ranun'.ulusRyrxncus alius duplex. y Ranunculus montanvsBe- fmall j’agges, and they againe into two or three 0- Double white Crovyfoote of the tonuboth in ours and other lands and countries,are utterly deceitful! being the work of cunning knaves* onely. to get mony by their forgery : doe not mifdoubtof this relation no more than you would of any other plant fet downe in this booke, for it is the pla-ine truth whereon every one may relie. i, Afandragoras mas alt^r. Another male Mandrake. I fawin my Lor d IVoetton his Garden at Canterbury^ whereof WJohx Tradefcant h*d then the keeping an 3 othsc 344 Chap. 5. Tbeatrum Botanicum . Tri BE other fort of male Mandrake whofe leaves were of a more grayifli greene colour and ferrew hat fculded rose- thcr differing herein from the forcrecited kinde which grew there hard by this alio, but w hat fruit it bore could not be affured having never borne any as they (aid. 3. Mandragoras f gmineut , The female Mandrake. ThefemaleMandrakehathlikewife many leaves lyingon the ground but Imallcr, narrower, more crumpled and of a darker greene colour, refembling thofc of Lettict a s Diofcorides compareth them: the flowers alfo rifel from among the leaves, each on his (lender footeffalke as in the former, but of a blewifh purple colour• the fruit t ^Mandragoras mas & feemneas. The male and female Mandrake. that followeth is much fmaller than thofe of the male, but round like them, and not peare fajfhion as fome have thought, (for C In fins who faw diver fe of them, growing, naturally in fundry places in Spaine denieth it) of a paler yellow colour when they are ripe, and of a more pleafing, or rather of a Idle heady lent, than the apples of the male, wherein are contained fuch like feede but fmaller and blacker, the roote alfo is like the former, blackifh without and white within, neere unto the fame forme, parted into more or fewer branches, as nature lifieth. The 'Place. They grow in woods and fhadowie places, and the female by rivers fides, in diverle countries beyound the Alpesjbut not on this fide naturally,as in Or£cia, the lies of Candy , and others in the Mediterranean fea, Italy alfo and rC A asI(ald {’ efore ' to the kindes of Solanum, forthelikeneffeof the leaves, although much larger wfth Zr7 b °l h f ° r , thc C0 ‘° Ur 5 f the ftalkc > and from the col °^ that it giveth, for tl TlXus thefe- with doe both colour their skimics, and the barkes of trees wherewith they make their baskets and fuch like thrngs,as weareinformed = the Indians themfelvescall it an d y our £ngtjl peSat lwe“n Hr- hut We according to the Latine name, red Nightjhade of Virginia. The iaft Baulinw fccthfortm his Prodomus and 3W, under the title here exptelted, not being mentioned by any X The Tribe 3. The Theater ofTlants. C ha p* 7, 34^ The Venues, The ordinary or common Nightfhade is wholly ufed to cooleall hor inflammations, either inwardly or outwardly, being no way dangerous to any that {hall ufe .it, as mod of the red are ; yet it mull be ufed moderate¬ ly, for being cold and binding in the fecond degree, the diftilled water oncly of the whole herbe is fitted and fa, fed to be taken inwardly: the juyce alio clarified and mingled with a little vinegar, is good to wafh the mouth aud throate that is inflamed : but outwardly the juyce of the herbe or berries, with oyle of Rofes, and a little vinegar and ceruffe, laboured together in a leaden Morter, is very good to anoint all hot inflammations. Saint Anthonies fire, and all other grieved places, that are moleded with heate, as the head ache and frenzies, anointing the temples and forehead therewith, as alfo the heate and inflammation in the eyes: it doth alfo much pood for the fliingles.ringwormes.and in all running,fretting & corroding ulcers,and in weeping or moifl FiAu- Ues,ifthe juice be made up with fome hens dung,and applied thereunto: a peflary dipped in the juyce,and put up into the matrixe ftayeth the immoderate fluxe of womens courfes; a cloth wet therein and applied to the tefticles or cods,upon any fwelling therein giveththuch eafe: as alfo to the goute, that commeth of hotandfharpe hu¬ mours ; the juyce dropped into the eares, eafeth thofe paines that arife of heat or inflammation ; Tlmy faith moreover, that it is good for hot fwellings under the throate:the fleepie Nightfhade of both forts,are of one and the fame qualitie, being cold in the third degree, anddriein the fecond, comming ncere unto the propertie of Opium to procure fleepe, but fomewhat weaker, if a dramme of the barke of the roote be taken in wine, but not to exceede that proportion for feare of danger : the feede drunke doth, powerfully expell urine, and is alfo good for the dropfie; but the often caking thereof in too great a quantite, procuretli frenzie ; the remedy whereof is, to take good (tore of warme honied water: the roote boyled in wine, and a little thereof held in the mouth, eafeth the paines of the tooth ache : Fliny faith it is good to fallen loofe teeth : the juyce of the roote mingled with hony, is good for the eyes that are weake of fight It is more eflcdluall in all hot fwellings and in¬ flammations than the former, in regard it is colder in qualitie, the juyce of the herbe or rootes, or the diftilled water ofthc whole plant being applied : the deadly Nightfhade is held more dangerous than any of the other, for it is thought to be cold in the fourth degree: the juyce of the leaves, and a little vinegar mixed together, pro- cureth reft and fleepe, (when upon great diftemperaturg, either in long ficknefle, or in the tedious hot fits of agues, reft and fleepe is much hindered ) if the temples and forehead be a little bathed therewith : as allotaketh away the violent paine of the head, proceeding of a hot caufe •, the leaves bruifed or their juyce may be applied to fuch hot inflammations, as Saint t/Anthonies fitc, the (jungles, and all other fiery or running cankers, to coole and flay the fpreading : the danger is very great, aud more in the ufe of this inwardly, than in any of the for¬ mer, and therefore there had needs of the more heed and care, that children and others doe not eatc of the ber¬ ries hereof, leafl you fee the lamentable effcdls it worketh upon the takers thereof as it hath done, both in our ownc land, upon fundry children killed by eating the broth wherein the leaves were boiled, or the berries, and beyond the fea in the fame manner: yet fome doe hold that two ounces of the diftilled water hereof is effedluall to be taken inwardly without any danger, againft the heart burning, and other inflammations of the bowells, and againft all other hot inflammations of the skinneor eyes, giving eafe to the paines. Ithathbeene often proved, that one fcruple of the dried roote hereof infufed in a little wine fixe or fevenhoures; and then drained hard through a cloth, that if this wine be put into a draught of other wine, whofoever fhall drinke that wine, fliall not be able to eatc any mcate for that meale, nor untill they drinke fome vinegar, which willprefertly difpell that qualitie, and caufe them fall to their viands, with as good aftomacke, as they had before : this is a good jeft, for a bold unwelcome gueft. The Virginia Nightfhade is a familiar purger with them in Virginia. New England, Sec. where they take a fpoonefull or two of the juyce of the roote which worketh ftrongly; but we having tried to give the dried roote in powder have not found that eft’eft. <2hA P. VII. 1 . SoUnttmligrtofumfiveDtilcitmitrit. Wood Nightfhade or Bitter fweete, B lthough this plant hath no dangerous quality therein, nor yet is properly any Night fiiade, more thaw the outward conformitie in fome fort, yet becaufe many learned Authours have reckoned it as a fort I thereof, and called it by that name, let me alfo place it with them, and fhew it you in this place, I thus: it growethup with many (lender winding brittle wooddy ftalkes, five or fixe foote high, with¬ out any clafpers, but foulding it felfe about hedges, or any. other thi ig that ftandeth next unto it, covered with a whitifli rough barke, and having a pith in the middle, fhooting out many branches on all fides, which arc grecne while they are young; whereon grow many leaves without order, fomewhat like unto the leaves of Nightfhade, but that they are fomewhat broad, long, and pointed at the ends, with two (mall leaves, or rather pecces of leaves, at the bottome of moftof them, fomewhat like the Sage wich eares, and many of them like wife, but with one peece on the onefide, fometimes alfo thofe peeces are cl ife unto the leaves, ma¬ king them feemea-s it were jagged,orcutinon the edges into fo many parts,and fometimes feparate there from, making the leaves feeme winged or made of many leaves, and are of a pale greene colour -• at the roppes and fides ofche branches come forth many flowers, (landing in fafhion of a long umbell, uponfhorc foote ftalkes,' one above another, whichconfift of five narrow, and long violet purple coloured leaves, not fpreadlike a flarre, or very feldome, but turning themfelves backwards to the ftalkes againe whereon they [land, with a long gold-yellow pointell in the middle flicking forth, which afterwards turne into round and fomewhaclong berries greene at tnefirft, and very red, foft and full of j'uyce when they are ripe, of an unpleafant bitter tafte, although fweete at the firil; wherein are contained many flat white feedesthe roote fpreadeth it felfe into many firings under ground, and not growing into any great bodypthe barke alfo of the branches,being chewed, tafteth bitter at the fir A,but fweeter afterwards. - a. Dulcamara flare all”). Wood Nightfhade with white flowers. Of this kinds there is another that diffsrsjjh not from the former, more than in the flowers, whofe outer H h leaves 35 ° Chaf.8. Theatrum Fotanicum. Tribe 3. leaves are white, and the pointell yellow. The l lace. This groweth ufually by ditches Tides, and hedges^ where they may climbeup upon them, the firftalmoft every where : the fecond is very rare and feldomc to be met with, yet it groweth by Saint Margates Church in Rtimney Marfh 5 and neere unto Bermonfie houfe on South- war he fide, when Gerard wrote thereof, but now is not thereto be found. The Time. The branches abide difpoiled of leaves all the Winter, yet perifh not, but fhooteth forth new leaves in the Spring, and flowreth about Tuly, the berries are ripe in Augilft. The names . This hath not beene remembred, by any of the ancient Greeke Authonrs, although fome of the moderne Wri- riters, haveimpofed Greeke name.s upon it, calling it rj vyvoJi ov. Strychnodendron i which is Solarium arboref- certs - and yWKv^rifor Glycypicron, that is, Dulcamara or Amaradulcis - diverfe doe thinkeit to be Melothron ofTheophraftus. APatthiolus tookeittobe Vitis fylve- ftris of fDiofcorirtes, lib.q.,cap.\ gj. Others in refirring it to the Nightfhades, call it Solanum lignofum or fruti - cofum or rubrum. It is called of the Cjermans lelenger ie lie her and Hynfchkgaut , becaufe the fhepheards ufe it for their cattell, when they are troubled with that difeafe they call Hynfch ,of the Dutchmen Alfrank^ of the French Alorclle du hois- and we in Englijb Bitter fweete, wood Nightfhade, and Fellonworte of fome. Tragus would referre it to the HederaCilie-ia ,or Smilax of Theophraflus in his third Booke and lad Chapter;or unto the Smilax L- vis of < Diofcorides J let forth inhis fourth Book and 14c. Chapter; Dodon&w thinketh,that that kinde that beareth white flowers, may be Cy cl amir,ns altera of Diofcorides, Cjuillandinus tooke it to be Salicajlrum of Pliny, lib, 22. cap. 1 .but all erronioufly : the learned of (Jftompelior as Pena zndCamerarius fay called it Circaa • whereuntoit as little agrecth, asthe Circxa fet forth inthe next Chapter, lanitm fcandens>feu Dulcamara . Dtrlsamara fiu Solanumli^nofm* Wood Night (hade. as you fhall there underftand. Bauhiuw callethit So- The Vertues. Both leaves and fruit are hot and drie, aflringent and elenfing. Traqw flieweth the manner of making a medicine for the yellow iaundife, (and for the dropfie faith Dodonxus) although it be inveterate, by driving it forth gently, both by urine and the ftoole, in this wife: Take faith he, a pound of the wood of wood Nightfhade, cut it (mall, and put it into a new earthen pot, whofe cover hath an hole in the toppe, with three pints of white wine, clofe the joynts of the pot withpafte, and fet it on the fire to boy Ie gently, untill a third part be confumed : which afterwards being Brained forth, take, a draft thereof morning and evening : The juyee of the leaves and berries is thought to be good for them that have beene bruifed by blowes or falls, to diffolvc and avoid the congealed bloud, and healc the part affetted afterwards ; it is held alfo effe&uall to open the ob- firufUons of the liver and lpleene,but fo often as I have given it by appointment I have knownc it to purge very churlifhly. Some alfo ufe the drinkc before preferibed againft putride leavers or agues. The countrie fhepheards of Germany as Tragus reporteth, doth ufeto hang it about their cattells neckes,°when they arc troubled with the difeafe they cali Die Hynfch , which is afwimmingin the head,caufing them to turne round : diverfe countrie people doe ufe the berries bruifed and laid to the finger that hath a Felon thereon to cure it. Chap. VIII. 1, Circxa Lutetiana major. The greater Inchanters Nightfhade. mbmb 1 HE likcnelle alfo of this plant in fome part thereof, hath caufed it to be referred unto the Night- Oracles by diverfe, and fo mull I untill a fitter place may be knowne, the defeription whereof is thus. I >t rilcth up with diverfe fmall round pointed [hikes, moll ufually (landing upright, yet fometimes leaning dowue to the ground, and taking roote at the jointes, about a foote or more high, efpecially if it grow in a moift Pnadowie place,with two leaves fet at every joynt, each of them fet upon a pret- tielong foote (lalke, which are broad and round almofl: atthebottome.and very long pointed at the end, fome- what dented about the edges! fome compare them unto the leaves of Nightlhade;others unto thole of Pellitory of the wall, being of a (Inning greene colour on the upperfide.and tender, foft,or gentle in the handline,although It be a little harry, and of a darke grayifh colour underneath : from the middle of 'the flalke almoff upwards, doe the flowers grow Spike faflrion, many fettogether one above another, which fhewtobeof a darke brownifli colour, while they abide buddes unblowne open, but being blowne are fmall white five leafed itarre flowers, dalht over efpecially at the brimmes or edges, with a light (hew ofblulh, with many brownilh yellow threds m the middle, where after they are pall, came fmall rough round heads, like unto fmall burres, (licking unto garments in tie like manner, wherein are included fmall finning blacke round feede, fomewhatlikeuntothe feede TR. IBE.3. The Theater of Plants. Chap.8. 251 feed, of Pellitorpe ofthewall, but leffer: the roote is fmall, very white, and full o( /oynts, from whence it fhooterh forth and crcepeth every way under ground, quickly ljpreadinga great compalfc; the tafte hereof is fcflhewhat fweetifh and waterilh withall. a. Circealutetianaminor. Small Inchanters Nightfhade. This fmall Nightfhade is in all things like the former,but that it groweth much l'maller in every part although it grow in the fame places with it. ‘ r ‘ b The T lace , 1. Cireea lutttiana major. They grow in moifl and lhado wye places, andfome- The greater InchantetsNigbtlhaJe. times at the rootes of old rotten trees in woods, and fometimcs by the hedge (ides or borders of fields. The Time. n lane, give thi _ ) the ground afterwards, the rootes abiding fafe in the ground. thi Thefe were not knowne to any of the ancient writers, that we can findc, but are ufually in thefe dayes, called by all Herbarifts Circea, becaufe in the outward forme, it is like the CircaaotSDiofeorides : Lobel and Pern, call the greater Circaa Lutetiana, not knowing the leffer, we ad de major for a diftinftion between them,the former is called alfo Circaa Monfpelienfmm. Trayus calleth it Lappa, jjlveflrit , becaufe the (mail heads of feed, are rough like fmall burres, for he judgeth the Amaranthm minor purpureas to be the Circea of Diofcorides and Pli¬ ny. lohames Thalius in Harcynia fylva (which is joyned with Gamerarim his harm rffef/r:«-)calleth them Helxine fylveflrio, five flaviatilis major < 0 - minor , and faith that they are like in leaves, unto the Helxine, that is called Tarietaria. gefner in hortis (jermame, calleth it Ocima- flrum verrucarium (not being before knowne by any name ) becaufe the leaves as he faith, are like Baffin, and the rough heades, like unto rugged warts; Tabermonta- nw calleth it herba Di. Stephan ,; SBanhintu calleth the greater Solanifolia Circaa ditla major, as hee doth the leffer Solanifolia Circea Alpina , which Fdbiw Columna calleth Circaamimma. Many alfo have taken the Man¬ drake of Theophrafttu to bcCircxa of the ancients,becaufe he faith, it was fo called by fome in his dayes: and fome the c dManiragoras of Tbeophrajhu, to be this Circaa, and have attributed the vertues thereof unto it: but affuredly none of thefe herbes, nor that in the former Chapter,is anfwerable unto the defeription of Diofcorides his Cir¬ caa, for although he faith the leaves of Circa a are like tlier doe we know what it is. Cha* ! tih * 352 Chap.9 7 beatrum Eotanicum. Tribe 3 »; ChaP. Solatia Tomifera. Applebearing Nigbtfh^es. 4§^$2£|c^Nto thekindes of Nightfhade I muft, as divers other good authors doe, j’oyne fome other planter, which for their qualities, either more or leffe dangerous, or for their outward forme and propor- It groweth like common Nightfhade but greater, the leaves are like fmall 1 obacco leaves, the flowers are white, like the ordinary fort, the berryesare fmall and round, of an orient reddifh colour, with white feedes within them of an infioide tafte, aimofl without any heate or fharpenefle,and perifheth every yeare as Nightfhade doth, this differeth from UWaU *s£thiopka , although ‘Bauhinm make them to be one, for this hath no prickes, or thornes, on ftalkes, or leaves, nor is the fruite hard or creftcd. Solanumfruticofum Americanum dictum Amomum Pliny . The W inter Cherry Tree, This is deferibed in my former Booke. 2. Mala Inf ana Syriaca. Madde Apples of Syria. r ' This raging or madde Apple, rifeth up with a great hard round purplifh or brownifh greene ftalkc, two footfi high, divided from the bottome into divers branches, whereon are fet many hairy broad rough leaves fome¬ what unevenly cut in on the edges, and fomewhat like the Thorne apple leaves; at the joynts with the leaves, come forth feverall large flowers, confifting of fix large pointed leaves, in fome plants white, in others of a pale, but deadifli purple colour, with yellow threds in the middle; which being paft there fucceedcth large, fome¬ what long and round fruite, in the warme countries, as bigge as a Cowcumber, but in others, feldomc bigger then a large great egge fet in the fame cup orhuske, that contained the flower before, whofe colour on the outfide, is ufually according to the flower it bore, either of a whitifh greene, more yellowifli, orofa grayifh afli colour, or of a pale or wanne purplifli colour, with a very thinne skinne or barke, and full of a whitifh pulpe, and Juice within, having many fmall flat whitifli feedes within it, fomewhat greater then thofe of the Apples of love, the roote is compofed ofmany firings, fome great, others fmall, not thrufting downe deepe into the ground,nor abiding but perifliing with the firft frofts. 3. Mala Ethiopica, Madde Apples of Ethiopia, The Madde apples of Ethiopia, are fomewhat like the former, but that it groweth not fo high, nor fpreadeth fomuch, but having one upright ftalke, about halfe a yeard high, fet here and there, with divers fmall prickes, not very hard or long, and at feverall joynts with j'agged leaves, both letter, and leife cut in on the edges, then the former, efpccially the lowermoft, having fome prickes alfo in the middle rib, on the backefide, but thofe leaves that grow higher, toward the toppes of the ftalkes and branches, are much lefler, divided on the edges 1 the flowers Band dilperfed on the branches at the j'oynts, confifting of fixe white white fhort leaves, with a yel¬ low pointell in the middle, of divers threds joyned toge- 1, solatium pomiferam herbariorum Lobelij . ther, after which commeth the fruite which is round and Lobels red berried Nightflude. a little pointed at the end, fmaller and harder then the grea¬ ter kinde of Love apples, and ftraked, and furrowed with- all in divers places, of an excellent red colour, and turning more deepe when it is ripe, having fometimes fmall bun¬ ches on them, like untoother fmall apples, growing unto them; and containing a j’uicye pulpe within it, fomewhat more fharpe then the former, but nothing fo moift as the love apples,with fuch like flat yellowifli white feede with- < in it : the roote is a tuft of threds, perifliing like wife eve¬ ry yeare, and fcldome in thefecoldercountryes commeth to maturity, to fliew his beautifull colour or give good feede. 4. Lflfala Infana Europe a. Madde apples of Europe. This kinde of madde Apples, groweth with an upright round ftalke, to the bignefle of ones finger, a foote and a halfe high, from whence fpring forth at feverall j’oynts, fometimes on the one fide,and fometimes on the other, di¬ vers long and fomewhat broad greene leaves, unevenly cut in on the edges; and ending in a long point, three for the moft parr coraming together, each of them upon a fiiort footeftalkc: at the tops of the ftalke grow the fruite, which arc round reddifti berryes or apples of the bignefl'c of a Plum, full of feede within them. S. Poma amorii major a media dr minora Apples of Love,of a greater, lefler,and middle fize. Thefe forts of Love Apples, doe in all things fo neerely referable one another, both in the long trayling branches, the winged and divided leaves, the yellow flowers, and the red berries or fruite, as I have ftiewed in my former booke, chat I can adde no more thereunto. The ‘Elace. The firft was brought out of Spaine, the fecond groweth plentifully wild in as divers doc report, as alfo in Syria] 054. Chap.io. Theatrum'Botanicum. Tribe 3. Syria, and thefe Eadcrne countryes: the third is thought tcTcome out oi^£tbiop,a, and the backe parts oi Bar- bar ye : the fourth Lugduncnfii faith, groweth in fhadowie places, upon the Afeminc Mountaines: the laid Hke- wife groweth in thofc Eaderly Countryes at Egypt, Syria, Arabia, &-c. The Time, The three fird doe flower late in theyeare, that is, not untill Augufl, fothat their fruite, hardly commeth to be any thing ripe with us, but the forts cf the lad, doe (dually ripen well, if the Sommer be not too cold. The Names, The firfl is called by Label, Solatium pomiferum herbariorum, but is not C Mala ,t£tliiopica of Dodonaw and o- thersas TSauhima fettcthitdovvnc. Thefecondis called in Latinc MalaInfana of mod writers, that is Madde Apples in English, ( bat many doe much marveile, why they fhould be fo called,feeing none have bcene know ne to receive anyffiarme by the eating of them: ) in Italian OKe/anzatia and Mtlongena , and of the Florentines as Matthio/us faith Petranifiani, of the Spaniards Verengenat, of the French Pommes d'amour, but why they ffiould focallit, flKfffiifr doth not know'as he faith, when as there is another more fitly to be called by that name-of the germanes AleUntzan and Vollopffetl : divers doe take this to be Strychnon otViofcorides, mdvrbanum of 7 heo- fhrafim, as alfo the third kinde of Pliny, whereupon Cefalpinm as I thinke, calleth it Solanumhortenfe ,;and Pyrit infant, of Baubitms S olamum pomiferum frullu oblongo, Hermolaus is thought by Ftfchiw, and Brafavo/w,to take this to be the CManiragoras Morion ofDiofcorides, but Matthioliu defenderh him, and reprooveth them, for lay¬ ing thatimputationuponhim, which he did not avouch. Thethird is called by Todonem, and others' Mala eAotbiopica ; Litgdunenjis calleth ic Capjicum rotundum Dalechampij, blit very erronioufly, for this hath no fuch fiery heating quality therein as the Capfiea CinnejPeppers have ; of ’Baubinm, Solanum pomiferum fruRurotun. dofiriatodura: The fourth is called by Lugdmenfis, Hyafciamm peregrines Dalechampij, and of Baubinm Sola¬ rium peregrituimfrublu rotunda, I have called it Mala Infant P.uropea, becaufe that growing naturally in thefe parts, it isfo like unto the lad, which is a kinde of Mala Infant: the lad is called, Fomnm amorts, mdTomum pr LMalumaureum, which Anguillara tooketobe Lycoperficum, or Lycoperfion as fume have ic of Galen and others, and robe Glattciumcf ‘Diofcorides, which it cannot be, for that hath a yellow juice and bitter, which this hath not: Guilandinm faith it is called Tumatle by the Americans, and fome others alfo would referred to Solatium furiofum, whcrcunto it hath no quality correfpondenr, Baubinm calleth it Solanurn Pomiferum fruUu rotundaJlriato modi, J The Vertues, . Madde apples are eaten being fird boyted in fat broth, with vinegar or fait, oyle and pepper, as a continual! juncket with the Genvefes and others, as Sealiger faith, and neither breed frenfyesnor any other harme, and therefore he faith, minus fano jndiew infanadicuntur. Yet Avion lib, i.eap.^p, condemneth them, fayingthac thofe that are old are very noifome and hurtfull, although the frefh ones be better: for by their bittemefle and acrimony itisgarhered, that they are hot and dry in the fecond degree, and that therefore they engender Me- lancholly, theLeprofie, Cancers, the Piles, Impoflumes, theHeadache,andadinckingbreath,breedobdrnai- ons m the Liver and Spleene, and change the completion into a foule blacke and yellow colour, unleffe they be boyledm Vinegar ; fo that it is to be admired, that Averrhoes fhould commend them, being dred in fome talhicn. Fufchius faith that there is a fuperaboundant coldneffe, and moidure, in the Madde apples, as there is in Cowcumbers andMufhroomes: yet the beauty of the fruite worketh in fome, and thcinfatiabledcfireofde- light to the palate 111 others, and the inciting to Venery inthemod, (which thefe are thought to procure) doe lofarretraniport a great many, that in Italy and other hot countries, wherethey cometo their full maturity, and proper rcllifh, they doc eatc them with more defire and pleafure then we doe Cowcumbers, or the like,and therefore prepare and dreffe them in divers manners; as fome doe cate them raw', as Cowcumbers, fome doe roait them under the Embers, and others doe fird boyle them, pare them and (lice them: and having drowed bower over them, doe frye them with oyle or butter, and with a little pepper and fait, ferve them to the table. Some alto doc keepe them in pickle, to ferve for to fpend in the Winter and Spring: but it is certainely found truc *, ™. at ,hc y °° e hardly diged in the domacke, whereby they breed much windineffe,and thereby peradven- “Uy iudjthat they engender bad blood and Melancholicke humours,and give little nourifhment at all unto thebody,andthatnocgqod:the Apples of Ethiopia,nre of the lame quality, although of afirmer fubdance, not ycelding any good nouriffiment, but rather offenfive to the body,for thefe two are congeneres in forme, and there¬ fore mod likely inquality. T he golden apples or apples of love, are cold and moid, morethen any ofthefor- mer, and therefore leffe offenfive, thefe are eaten with great delight and pleafure in the hotter Countries, but not in ours, becaufe their moidure is flafhy and infipide, for want ofthe diffident heate of the Sunne in their Ch a p. X. Solatia pomiferafpinofa. Thornye applebearing Nightffiades." Here are one or two more to be fpoken of, to finiili this family of the Nightffiades, one whofe fruite is neered in likenefle unto thefe Madde apples, the other to the Nightffiades, after which the T home apples fhould nexr follow, as being by all authors referred unto the Nightffiades,but becaufe I have already let forth all their defcriptions.I ffiall not neede to repeate them againe. I. Solarium [pinofumjruclu rotttndo , jive Vomum Hicriconticum Imperato , Thorny Nightfhade of Hi ertcho with round apples. The leaves hereof are very like unto thofe ofthe former madde apples of Europe , but whiter and fofter, having many 1 mall thornes on the middle ribbe of every leafe on the under tide; on the ftalke like wife and branches are fparledly let divers thornes-,and purplifTi flowers at the toppes of them being (mailer then the former,after which come tmaller apples alfo, greene before they be ripe, changing yellow ana brownilh afterwards, being round and tome what lweete in fmell, but as unfavoury, or wichont tafte as the former. ‘Datur* Tribe 3. The Theater of‘Plantes. Cha p.ii. Datura five Pomttm Jpinoftm majus flore alio cp- purpurea. Datura five Stramonium minus flare alio fimplici fir flare: purpurea fimplici fir dup/ici, Jhefe arc deferibed in my former Booke, and the figures of the lefler forts here exhibited. 2 . Solatium poniferum Indicumfolio rotunda. sramniewn minis five perogtimm /implex & Unpin, Indian Applebearing Nightfhade with round leaves. Single and double fmall Thorny Apples, This plant being onely mentioned by M onardus, in his hillory ofthofe fimple medicines, that come from the Weft Indies, is referred by Tauhinus unto his Claffisof Thorne Apples in his Pinax, but (hould more properly in my judge¬ ment, be placed with the fruits, in the laft Chapter going before, called Maddc Apples, but that it hath farre more excellent properties. The plant groweth in manner of a {hrubbc or hedge bu[h as he faith, of an excellent greene- neffe, having leaves that are fmall, thinne and round, bea¬ ring long fruit, round at the lower end, and flat toward the ftalke, like unto the Malum infanum or Madde Apple, of agrayifh oralhcolour on the out fide, and of aplea- fant and gratefull talle, without any acrimony therein, ha¬ ving many very fmall feedes within it. The Tlace. The firft groweth in Syria and paDfiina, and other the countries neare there unto ; the other groweth in the Mountaines of Awa onely, a Province in the Weft Indies, and the feede fent unto Monardiu into Spaine, who fo wed thefeede, to make triall of the eft'efts, were declared to be in it* The Time', It is not mentioned at what time either of themflow- reth or beareth ripe fruite, but it is probable they varie not much from the feafon, of the other Thorne andMadde Apples, unto which they are fo like in forme. The Thames, The firft Bauhinm calleth Solatium fpinofum frueht re. tundo, which Ferr antes Imperatus of Naples, calleth Po - mum Hiericonticnm: the other Monardiu faith came to him under the name of Caches, as the Indians it is likely doe call it. The Venues'. There hath not any Phificall ufe beene remembred of the firft; whereuntoit ferveth ; but Monardiu faith of the other, that was fent him out of the Indies, that it is of great eftimation there, both with the Spaniards and Indians themlelves,in that it provoketh urine, expellech gra¬ vel! and the ftone in the kidnies and bladder, for which it is mod commended ; itbreakeththc done in the blad¬ der, if it be not too hard and inveterate, or may by any medecinCs be diflolved, whereof there were many proofes (as Manardui faith! declared to his great wonderment: for as he faith, he did not thinke that the ftone in the bladder could be diflolved, and expelled by any medicines,and that the cure thereof confided onely, in the cutting of it out by a cunning hand .-but it wasfaid of this, that the feede taken in any fit and convenient water, for that purpofe, will by little and little ditfolve the ftone into fmall graved, which after rf is expelled forth, will againe be gathered and grow into a hard ftone. Chap, XI. Capficum. Ginny Pepper. 5 @S>3|Ke Ghmy Pepper in mine opinion is fitted to follow next after the family of the Nightlhades, be- tjtv, mg in outward forme likeft thereunto, as alfo being no lefle dangerous, although in a quite con- i trary nature, for this is as farre exceeding in heate, as the other in cold : hereof there are found out, or at lead brought to knowledge many forts in thefe dayes, which were not knowne in for¬ mer times, or negledled and not fo heedefully regarded at lcaft, as they have beene of later time, “J efpecially by Gregorius de Reggio,aCipuchine Fryer, who hath obfetved adozen feverallvarie- ties at the lead in the finite or cods, although very little differing in any thing elle. All which I thinke it not amiffe to fhew you in this Chapter, with fome others alfo not obfetved by him, but by Clufius and others. 1 . Capficum maps vulgatitts ohlongis fi/itjnit. The mod ordinary Ginny Pepper with long huskes. I propound this Ginny Pepper as a patterne, by which yee may frame the deferiptions of all the reft, the chie- feft difference confiding in rhe forme of the fruite whether you will call them huskes or cods, as fhall bee fticwed every one in their order. The plant it felfe rifeth up with an upright firme round ftalke, with a certaiiie pith within them, about two foote high in our Country, and not above three foote in the hotter, fpreadinginto many branches; onallfides, even from the very bottome, which dfvicie themfelves againe into other finaller branches; at each j'oynt whereof come forth two long leaves upon fhort footeftalkes,lomewhat bigger then thole of Nightfhade, elle very like, with divers Veines in them, not dented about the edgesatall, and of a very fad greene colourthe flowers ftand feverally at the j'oynts with the leaves, very like unto the lowers of Nightfhade,con filling of five moll ufually, yet loinetimes of fix white fmall pointed leaves, (landing open 355 Ch a p. 11, Thsatrum 'Botamcum. T r i b e„;> : openlikeaftarre, with a tew yellow thrcds in the middle; after whi*h come the fruite (either great or fmall. either long or fhort, either round or fquare, as the kindeis, either (landing uprighcor hanging downe, astheir flowers (hew themfelve-', cither of this or that fortne, as fiiall be (hewed hereafter,) in this fomewhat great and long,about three inches in length, thicke and round at the ftalke,and fmaller toward the end, which is not fhafpe but round pointed, greene at the full, but beingfullripe, of a very deepe, crimfon, (hilling red colour on the outfide, which is like a thicke skinne, and white on the infide, lmelling reafonable well, and fweete , having many flat yellowifh white feedes therein, cleaving to certaine thinne skinnes within it, which are broader at the upper end, and fmaller at the lower, leaving the end or point empty within not reaching fo farre, the whole liuskcbutefpecially thefeede, being of fo hot and fiery a caffe, that it enflameth and burnethtlie mouth and throate, for a long time after it is chewed, almoft ready to choake one, chat carelefly raketh much at a time thereof: the rooteis compofedof a great tuft, orbufh of threds,fprcading plentifully in the ground,and perifh- etheveninthehotCountryes, after it hath ripened all his fruire, and with us, upon the firft fliarpe trofl it feeleth. 2. CapficummixM SrafiltMum, Small round Ginny Pepper. This ginny Pepper groweth in the fame manner that the former doth, not differing therefrom in any thing,but in the leaves, which being ot the fame forme, are not f» great and large, and in the fruite which is fmall and round ((landing fomc forthright, and fome upright, but none pendulous or hanging downe, each of them up¬ on a long footciialke ) about thebigneffe of a Barbery, but round and nothing fored, butofadarke orblackifh yellow colour, outlining to red, and in another fort almoll blacke, having luch like feede within them, but fomewhat fmaller, no lelfe hot and fiery then the former, and abideth the winter colds, no otlierwifethen the former, and indeede feldome beareth ripe fruite in our Country. Thole which we have had from the Bermouilu where they are natural!, arc of a yellowifti red. 3. Capfictim rottmdttm maptu [urreBum. The greater round upright Ginny Pepper. The chiefeft'difference in this fort of Ginny Pepper, conhlleth mod in the forme of the fruite, which flan- deth upright, as the flowers doe, being great and round like an apple, eventhegrcateftofall the forts that beats roundlruitc, of anexellent red colour“when it is ripe, like untoa pollifhcdCorrall. 4. CapficHm crett'tm pyramidaLc mttjtu . The great upright fpire fafliioned ginny Pepper. This is much alike or very little differing from the firft, the difference of the fruite is that this ftandeth upright) great below, and fmaller, and fmaller to the point,which is fharperthen in the firft, elfe ic might feeme the lame being inverted, that is, either that turned upward, or this turned downewards, of as brave an orient Gorall like colour as thelaff. Capfcum Lori’um. j. capficum majut no’gatm ohlongu filiquu.& t alia duo genera nempe quartwi 1 6' quintum. The molt ordinary Cimey Pepper with great long huskcsyind che fourth and fifth. s '. Capfitm Tribe 3. The Theater of Tlants. C ha p, i 1, 2. Capficum minus Brafilianum & 7. alia genera. Small round Ginny Pepper, and 7. other forts. Cepfici fpecics quatuor tieropc. if.1 6. 17.& 18. 357 5. Capficum ere Bum pyr amdale ‘minus. The lefler upright fpyrefafhicmed Pepper. As the fruitc of this fort is lefler, by the halfc than the laft, and not fo ftiarpe or fmaii at the end, but fomewhat round, lo the greene leaves alfo are fmaller and narrower, and the ftalke Imaller and not growing fo high : the flowers or this, as of all the reft, that bearc their fruit upright, doe ftand upright alfo, which is a certaine rule to know what fruit will be pendulous and what will be upright. The figures of both thefe laft forts are fet on the lides of the former table. 6 . Capficum extguum crettum pyramidale. The leaft Spyrcfafhioncd Ginny Pepper. The forme of this fmall Spyrefafhioned Cjinny Pepper, commeth foneareunto the fecond forr, that many may foone be deceived, in thinking them both one, that doe not hcedc them moreprecifely ; for although they both agree in growing upright, and being fmall, yet thofe (of the fecond fort I meane) arc fluort and round like unto a wild Olive, and tl efe are fmaller and longer, of an inch long at the leaft, and of a blackifh red before they n P e > but then are as red as the reft: this groweth taller, fuller of branches, and more ftored both with flowers and fruite, which make the goodlier profpeft: the leaves alfo are no fmaller, than in any other fort going before, and of the fame darke greene colour with the reft. 7. C apfic um Cor datum ere ft umma)w, The greater upright heart fafhioned Cjinny Pepper. This fort of Ginny Pepper groweth to be but of a meane height, that is, not fo high as moft of the former, ha* vtng large leaves, but not fo fmall at the ends: the fruit is not pendulous or hanging downewards, with his foote ftalke, but handing upright, being fomewhat great flattifh, and as it were bunched out at the upper end next unto the ftalke, and fmaller below, fhortand round pointed, fomewhat refembling the forme of a mans heart, as it is intituled. 8 . Capficum Cordatum ereElum minw. The leffer upright heart fafhioned Ginny Pepper. This differeth not from the laft, but in the fmallneffe of the fruit, handing alfo upright and being fmaller by a third part, or neare an halfe, and fhorter alfo : the figure of this is omitted, becaufe it is the fame with the next, but that this is upright and the other pendulous, 9 * C apficum Cor datum prop endens. Pendulous heartfaftdoned Ginny Pepper. The faflnonofthis fortof Pepper, is fomewhat like the greater upright heartfafhioned Pepper, being neare of the fame bignefle, but a little more uneven and not fo round, but is as red being ripe, and is pendulous hanging Aiterum downewards not handing upright as the other. There is another of this fort of pendulous Peppers differing in Mim% nothing from the greater but in being fmaller. IO * Capficum (Uiqua O livaria propendenr. Pendulous Olivefafhioned Ginny Pepper. This P epper hath fmall long and round cods,fmaller below than above, being very like linto an Olive berry* as red being ripe as any ofthe reft, and with the ftalke hanging downeward. II. Capficumfiliqua 0 livaria ereBa . Vpright Olivefafhioned Ginny Pepper. This diScreth from the laft but in being greater than it, and ftanding upright and not in any thing elfe. The figure of this is not fet in any of the tables f but this figure with eleven is next under the number twelve. 12. Capficum 358 Ch a p. ii. Theatrum Rotamcum. Tr i b e.$ 12. Capjicntnjiligtta rotunda Cerafornm, Cherry falliianed Ginny pepper. There are two forts of this Pepper, one which is fully round, like unto an English 0 r Flanders Cherry the o ther that hath a little point at the end thereof; this being a little bigger then the other, and both of them1 h aiWim downe. " = = 1 3 ■ Gapficumfiliijtia lata & rugofa. Broad and Crumpled Ginny Pepper. The cods of this Pepper are fome what large, greater above and fmaller beloW,fomwhat flat alfoand not round but crumpled as it were or flirunke halfe together, and fmelleth pretty fweete. ’ 14. fopfeexm erelhim majus longum. Long and upright Ginny Pepper. This Pepper is long and round, yet not like that, that carryeth the forme ofan Olive berry, but much lonecr and ofanequallbignefle all the length thereof, and (landeth upright. “ ’ 15. Capficum oklongum majus reutrvisfiliejuis. The greater crooked or horned Ginny Pepper. The greater horned Ginny Pepper, hath great large cods, about five inches long, lometimes little or nothin;? crooked at the lower end, which is long and fmall, fometimes a little crooked or bended upwards and fome times very much. ‘ 1 6 . Capficum oblongum minus recurvii filiqitis. The leffer horned Ginny Pepper. This differeth from the laft, in not being halfe fo thicke or long, and keeping his end bowed or crooked con-' flantly, not varying as it doth: both this and the lad hang downe their cods toward the ground: the whole plant alfo groweth lelfe then the other. f - 17. Capficum bifarcatafili^ua. Double pointed (Jinny Pepper. This Pepper is very like the long upright Pepper, and much about the fame forme and bigneffe, being ofan e- quall fize almoft, all the length thereof, but differeth from it in this, the lower end is parted as it were, into two fhort round points, and is alfo a little fmaller there then upwards, neither in colour nor any thing elfe* differim? from the reft. ° ® 18. Capficumfilitjuaflavabreviore. The (hotter gold yellow ginny Pepper. It might be thought by divers, that onely fee the cods of this Pepper, that it differeth from all the refl, in the manner of growing, as well as in the colour ofche Irtiite, but it is not fo; for it hath like leaves, (hikes and flowers in every part, and onely differeth in that it bearcth cods, very like unto the firft fort here' fet downe which is the moft common, but that they arc fhorter, and ending in a fmaller or fharper point, and of a fairs gold yellow colour, not red as all the other before are. ip. Capficum filieyua flava longiore. Thelonger gold yellow Ginny Pepper. This gold yellow Pepper differeth in nothing from the laft,but in the cods,which are not fo thicke as they but a little fmaller, from the middle thereof being longer, or leffening very finely unto the pointed end, ofas’faire a gold yellow colour as the other. 20. Capficum cattle pilofo. Ginny Pepper with hairy (hikes. This Ginny Pepper groweth withroundgreeneftalkes ; fet full of white haires thereon, contrary to all the former forts: at the/oynts with the branches come forth two fuch leaves, as the firft fort here fet forth hath, but larger then they; the flowers are white, confiding of five leaves like the reft, but larger alfo then any of them; after which come the cods, greene at the firft, as all the other are, but as red as the reft, when they are ripe, which are fomewhat great and long, ending in a very long point, in the reft, as in the leede and rootes not differing from the former forts. 1 The Place. All thefe forts of Pepper, came firft from the Weft Indies,called America, and the fevcrall parts thereof, Hraftile being reckoned as a parcel! thereof, and our Sommer Hands alfo, although we in Englifih from others falle relati¬ on, give ittheiname of Ginny Pepper, as though it originally came from thence : they are nurfed up in war¬ dens, in all the Provinces of Europe, and groweth in many places of Italy, Spaine , c f-c. Set in pots about 3 the windowes oftheir hoiifes, cither for the pleafure of the beautifull greene leaves and fruiteor cods, when they areripe, or for the ufe it ferveth, or both. Ciufim faith it is not onely planted in Spaine, and Portugailiti divers places, but in “»fpring^ut hardly endureti, a winter with' fpring ? b H d preferVC 1C) by keeplns ,C In 3 Iar S e pot “, filch like, and houfing it untill the p n 7 he Place. as c ffi M fetteth it downe, and the foremoft about Mom. pi ano. 1 netmrd and the laftgrowboth in rocky or ftony places neare the Sea in Candy (mm w henr P rb P feede or plants were firft brought into Italy, and from thence to feverall friends elfewheS^’ namrailnot2S™‘"^ partS > wbereby their feedcfddome comm « h «>P«Mon, a " d in their T . f The Names. andSr ln ® ' h . tf'"’pwycmum.md oiCmevat as Diofiond-c faith, *>«._*?& Sc^U Halktcabm' run tit ret f ° Wn / ‘ S “ Cd ^’r'VorjcmHm yuafi toxicum, quo /p,„,U cttftidatave tela infid fol.ta fae. A ’ f en " re ^”» lm ^ur permcemfmh Tern, but weeannot hears, that any ot thefe plants, have any felon- UX“"r“ ° r T rt! u q ° al ! t J! in 'tem.n'Diofcmdes attributeth to his, and therefore the more Si they may all of them, in lomc things keth to it O / h e n, h r P la ntsalfo referred thereunto, as the Phyllirea, which Gefner in horti, Germania, ta- firie h„ C ri ^ ^ 1 ' c . l ’nto the Wcfl, as&\(o e Pi[nmcordatHm,otVeficariamgra, five pereirir.na cordisef* Lobellv ft “Pon The firft IS ca lied ‘Dorycnhem verum, by the learned of Montpelier,as Pena and wasalfnfe • * n T*’ the fame alfo, yet Clxfim calleth it Tiorycnicnm Hijpmicum, which Mo e wd ed TrL f31th - 1 yVhfaAl*^., by thename of TrifoliumM 4 butby cU *in the place Trifoliamalf’ ac ^°nn. red f alre ; in his Tinax reckoneth it among the fpiked Trefoiles, callin- it whef faith that the Spmfxrdt about S a/a. l-i n ,r ^ t f r i,c3 } l " :LM ’^' i,e £ a - Gerar ‘ lcMethlt:vene ^ousTrcfoil£ofMempc/ier,3nd 0 fSvame ma . nkewfte m t,t b Ih7d 0f T ra ^ • pI * nt !’ exprefled by two figures, and Mr Iohn/on his correftor letteth them fo pafl'e and til > r> 1 h d r" gIVe ic the denominat i. on . Of Vorycmum. from the Latirie, as molt other nations doe nd It Tlorycmum foppofintiam, fuppofed Dorycmam, becaufe it is but fuppofed to be right, or elfe from the fe title C h Tr ,f°i. ,C °r nely > beC3ufe ’ C i-otdangerous. The fiSnd is fo callfd lyClafitf as it ThrvJum nr ^ f7“ Ca ,' et u 'f nos P cma ph ,to! iecarM. Thethtrd is called by Pom in his Italian booke, (.Jr, Diojcondts forte butby Tdatthmu m his Piwr, Iacee ola/folw affims, and faith bee had the feede IZloZZ p‘Vf C Ct h by V hename 0f L ^«,ka, which grew with him, but if the flowersbc r, as P ,1 def " lbet ^ th = m to be,it cannot poffibly come nere to any laeja, and yet againe in his Pi,tax, {m-ur i - ip^eth it alfo to be Cneoro alhaafjinii, which how likely it is, let others Judge. The laid Clttfim fet- | C j;,°" h m . the A Pl e f ’ x -.*» his Hiftory of Plants, by the name of Dorymium Plateau, becaufe lacobw Plateau,. naaitgrowmg with him, from the feede received from Candy, and fent both the figure and defeription thereof lifatb” 2 ChAP.I^* Theatntm 'Botamcum. i R i be ^ unto QluJim, Imperatw alfo it is likely 'had it from thence, by the fame name of Dorycniiim, for fo BauhixHs faith,he called it, and Alpinus in his booke dephmtisexoticis, faith thatthey of Candy doe call it Dorycninm. Yet Pom doth not account it to be the right,but rather tbinketh it to be a Convolves, and calleth it Convolvulus rettus CrcticHs. Luydunenpj calleth it Cneorum album Dalabtmpi], and Banhims in his Pinax calleth it, Cntorumal. The Vert lies. There hath notbeeneanyexperiencemadeofanyofthefeplantes, fo farreas I can underfland, that they be effeftualltoany Phyfrcall ufe, and therefore I can fay no more of them; for feeing none of them arefoporiferous, as Diofcorides his Dorycninm, or venemous, and was accounted as ftrong a Toxicant, to dippe their arrowes heads in, to kill wild beads, asany other; I cannot appropriate the virtues olDorychinnm, to any of thefe plants. Yet Galen accounted it onely like unto Mandrake and P eppy,for the cooling property,and only dangerous if too much were taken thereof, in provoking too much fleepe. Ch»p. XIII. Hyofcyamm, Henbane. nade mention, but of three kindes of Henbane, the one blacke, the other white, and the third yellow; which denominations are not taken from the colour of the herbeor flower, but of the feeder but there hath beenefome other forts found out of later times; all which ^ thinke meete to fet downe in this Chapter together. r. Hyofcyctmusvttlgaris. Common Henbane. Cur common Henbane, hath very large, thicke,foft,woolly leaves, lying upon the ground, much cut in or torne on the edges, of a darke or evill grayifh greene colour, among which rife up divers thicke and foft flalkcs, two or three foote high, fpread into divers fmaller branches, with foir.c lcffer leaves on them, and n any hollow flowers, fcarfe appearing above the huskes,and ufually torne on the one fide, ending in five round points,grow¬ ing one above another, ofadeadifh yellow colour, fomewhat paler towards the edges, with many purplifh veines therein, and ofa darke yellowifh purple in thebottome of the flower, with a fmall pointell ofthefame colour in the middle, each of them [landing in a hard clofe huske, which after the flower is pad, groweth very like (the huske of the Pomgranet flower, bur that is not fo well knowne unto us) the flower or huske of Aftra bacca, and fomewhat fharpe at the toppe points, wherein is contained much lmall feed, very like unto Poppy feede, but ofa duskye grayilli colour, the roote is great white,and thicke, branching foith divers wayes under ground, fo like unto a Parinep roote, but that it is not fo white, that it hath deceived divers,as you fhall heare by and by; the whole plant more then the roote, hath an heavie evill foporiferous Inrell fomewhat oflen- five. i. Hyofcyamus nige' vel vu Igaru. Common or while Henbane. 3. Hyofcyamus Crcticns. Henbane oicandyc. a. HjofcyawM TR IBE.^, The Theater of C Plants. Chap.i^. 365 2. Hyofcyamm albm, White Henbanes The white Henbane hath divers large leaves, but not fo great as the former, yet more foft and woolly and ' not fo much jagged or tome on the edges, rounderalfo, and ofa paler greene colour; theftalkes grow higher, and with fewer branches on them, the flowers are in forme like the other, but fmaller and ofa pale colour, fcn- dining to a whitiih yellow : the feed likewife groweth in fuch like hard huskes, _ but lefle prickely, and is whi¬ ter : the roote alfo is not much unlike, but lefler and perilheth every yearc that it giveth feede, the fmell of this is nothing fo heady and offenfive as the other. 3. Hyofcyamm Greticw, Henbane of Candy. This Henbane of Candy, hath leflerandthinnerleavesthenthelaft, more white and woolly, and more cut iri on the edges, dented alfo, and (landing upon longer S footeftalkes, the ftalkes are more (lender and fhort, ha- 'i ving fuch like flowers, ending in full round leaves,(lan¬ ding higher above the huskes, of a faire yellow and fome- time ofa pale yellow colour, and purple at the bottome: after which come feede like the common kinde, but fome- what yellower in rounder heades or huskes: the roote is fomewhatthickeand flrort, like a Navew roote, dying 1 every yeare with us. 4. Hyofcyamn! i&gyptiw. Henbane of Egypt. The Egyptian Henbane rifeth up with a (trong woolly I (lalke,about two footchigh, wheron are fetleffcr leaves, then thofc of the common kinde,and almoll asmuchtorne on the edges, efpecialiy thofe towards the bottome, but thofe that grow up higher toward the toppe, are little or nothing cut on the edges at all, all of them being very white and hoary : the flowers (land every one of them at the j'oynts with the leaves, and at the tops likewife, in fuch like huskes as the common doth, and of the fame pale yellow colour, with purple veines therein, at the flrfl blowing of them, but afterwards as they grow larger, fo the colour changeth to be of a darke reddifh colour, with veines ofa deeper colour, and a whitifh bottome, with a purple pointed, encompall with vellowiih threds in the middle, after which commeth fuch like prickely heads, as the common kinde hath.and fuch like feed alfo s the roote is fmall and perifheth every yeare. The Place. The firil is commonly growing by the way tides, and - under hedge fides.and walles: the fecond groweth by the Sea (ides, in Narbone in France, neare where the River Rhadanm runneth into the Sea.The third groweth in Can- dye, and in Sp.iine alfo, from whence the feed being fent, hath growne with me and divers others alfo. The lafl is naturall both in Egypt and Syria, and in our Gardens. The Time, They doe all flower in Iuly, yet the llrange kindes fomewhat later, and from their feed growing ripe, and ■ fuffered to Ihed, it fpringeth up againe every yeare, but the two lail doe fcarfe perfedt their feede with us. The Names, It is called in Greeke jW-ra/a©-, quapfabaporcina, quod tyfUiaxo authore, paflu hujus herha convellantur fuel Ctprive, prefenti mortis pericnlo, nifi copia aqua ftatimfe foris & intm prolnerint : adeuntes aquas, non ut proluanl fe tantum, verum etiam ttt cancros venentstr, eos enimnabliprotimts famtatirsflitumtur • in Latine alfo Hyofcya- mus, and corruptly Infquiamw, and Apollinaris, ab Apolline medecina inventors, vel quia applet cerebrum vitiofd I Crfatido halitte, eoquementempercellit,quafiApoUinisotflro, Flirty faith that the Arabians call it vedhercum, or Altercangcnum, but Scribonitu faith the Latines call it Altercttm, at> altercando, quia cum verborum altercations rixaquefe torqttent Hyofciamodementati'Camerariw faith, it is alfo called Priapeia, qttia Itali femine ntnntnr ad pnapifmttm fed,mdum.lt is called by the Arabian Phifitions Bengi ('which name differed but little from Bangue of Cjarcias ab Orta, and Chrijlophonts acofla,Io called ofthe Persians and Indians alfo of divers places, and peradven- ture may be the fame, for they fay the plant is infipide, or without ta(le,and the feede both fmaller then Hempe Whereunto it is compared, and not fo white: (and which hath a great affinity as Clupus faith, with the dlajlac ofthe Turkys : yet Ranh]-me faith, that their 'JHajlac, is made of the great Stramonium or Pomum fjtinofum) which procureth a kinde of fleepy drunkennefle, or alienation of the minde, asthisdoth, with fome other ef- ftfts tending to venery, as may be feene in their workes, whereunto I referre thofe that would be further in¬ formed : ) ofthe Italians Iufquiamo, ofthe SnamardsVelenho, ofthe FrenchIufquiame, and Hanne bane, of the Germanes BiUfcnkraut, of the Dutchmen R Ten cruidt , The fir'll is called by all authors Hyofiyamits vulgaris, or niger,onely Ftifchius calleth kflavm. The fecond is likewife called Hyofcyamm albus of all, and is but of one kinde.although 'Baahmus feemeth to make two. The third is called by Clnpt»• in my former Booke. y. P‘,paver fiinoftm. Thorny Poppy, Vnto the forts of Poppye I thinke meete toad joyne this Thornye Poppy, not finding a fitter placer which hath at the firft, three or more whitifh greene leaves lying upon the ground, ftraked with white veines! which growing greater, are long, fmooth, and not hairy,fomewhat long and broad, rent or torne diverfly on the edges but not to the middle ribbe, having many corners or dentes as it were about them, whereat Hand many Imall fharpe prickes ot thornes,not having any white drakes or veincson the underfide.but in the white milkye veines are like to that wilde Cardum or Thiftle, called our Ladies Thiftle, and on the underfide are more whitilh, with fome fmall prickes, along the middle ribbe and veines, compafling the. ftalke at the bottome of them, which rifeth to be two or three foote high, fpreading forth into diverfe branches, with the !ike,but iefler leaves on them, and bearing at every of the toppes, one fmall head, enclofed in a rough skinne orfilme, like as. the Poppies have, from whence I thinke rofe the name of a Poppy, given unto it, which being open fheweth forth a fmall yellow flower, confiding of five leaves ufually, yet fometimes it will have but foure, and fome¬ times fixe, with a imall long greene prickely head in the middle,tipped at the top with a red fpot, which quickly wearethaway, and with many yellow threds Handing about it; after the flower is pad, for it conrinueth but a while, the head groweth ripe, having five or fixe ribbes from the toppe to the bottome,and fo like wife be- tweene the ribbes, armed with very fmall, but cruell fharpe and fhort prickes, or thornes, wherein is enclofed round rough blacke feed,twice as bigge as any Poppye feed : the roote is fmall and fpreading,dying every yeare • every part of the plant yeeldeth a yellow juice. D ° 11 ’ . The Place. The Garden kindes doe not naturally grow wild in any place, I thinke, although Diofcoridcs, Galen, ando- thers fay, that the blacke kinde chat fheddeth his feede, groweth wilde, for I rather fuppofe that’fome feed hap¬ pening thereby chance, fhed it felfe, and fo was thought to grow naturally wilde, and being fuffered to fhed will grow plentifully, though fmaller, but in all Countries, at the lealt in all Chrifiian Countries, they are all fowen, and not found wild, fo fai re as lean learne, onely the firft wilde kinde is plentiful enough, and many times too much,in the corne fields of all Countries, and alfo upon ditch banckes, and hedge Tides: the Iefler alfo is found in cornefieldes, but more rarely, as alfo in fome other places. The thornye Poppy groweth in the tFell-Indies, from whence the feede was firft brought to us. b The Time. The Garden kmdes are ufually fowen in the fpring, which then flower about the end of May, and fomewhat earlier, if they fpnng of their ownefowing : the wilde kindes flower ufnall from May untill luly and thefeed of them all is ioone ripe after the flowring. The Thorny kinde flowreth feldome before Midfomer, and the lcede is ripe in Augaft, but is to be fowen in Aurumne, or elfe it hardly fpringeth. The Names . It is called in Greeke pHxm a rjmlr non miniflrando, epHodvefcentes fui, murfi, fungi non pefftwt - or as fome thinke a miiv, ejuodeJM ufus himittm infiigidet, & bominibw tandem motion anferat, the Garden white kinde is called »'w©- w* *»®«r.(and o 1 T> wfco r ide, Swu«V« thylaciti, and the blacke feede is called pithiHA bortenfe or fativum: the wild kinde is called pW s Rh&as , that is finidum , quiafloresprotinm decidtm • in Latine fapaver Rheas eyraticum fttbrnm, or filveflre. THofcorides Galen, and others, make onely the firft great white kinde, to be the Garden kinde, and the blacke to be the wilde fort, the Garden kinde is called by the Arabians Caxcax by the Italians Papavero domtjhco, by the Spaniards cDormideras and Cafcall, by the French Pavot, by the Ger¬ mans Magfiamen and Olfamen, of the Dutchmen Httell and Mancup ; of usin Englijh Poppy, or Garden Poppye for the molt part, yet in fome Countries with us', Tone filver pinne, fubauditttr faire without and foule within andm many other places Cheeleboules : the wild Poppy is called in Italian, Tapaverofilvatico, in Spatiijb Ama- poUs rofetla,mi Papoulas ; in French p>ijttelictc,iPavot fiauvaeezni Confamns, in the high Thttch tongue Clapper rofen, and few rofien, in the low ‘Dntch tongue Rooden huel, wilder, had, and Colbloemen, in Engli/h Wild Poppy Corne Rofe, redweede, and Canckers, Tragus calleth k Argemone, The Thorny Poppy is called generally by all now adzyes.Papayer Jpinofum, but of Qeraid Cardans Ceryfamhemus Perttanmfisy the Spaniard, in [he Indcs from whom the Italians had it Figodelfnferno, that is Ficus Infernalis, the Figge of hell, becaufe the prickely head is long and round, fomewhat like a figge, and that whofoever fhould have one of them fbeke in his throate, it would (nrely fend him to heaven or hell. The milkye juice gathered from the heades onely of the °reac white Poppye, growing in the Eaft Conntryes of Afia major, towards India, and in divers other countries of thole Indies, (for it is there a great merchandife of much ufeand expence,as alfoin PaphUgoma, Cappadocia, Ga- latia Cilicia_ 3 nd Natolia, which is the Iefler Afia, as I faid before,) is that true and beft Op dm, that is or fliould „ j Vf'Jl a •'Jr me f ilclnc r s > andlsan ingredient ofmuch refpeft, in thofe great compolitions of Tb&iaefi and M,thndatwm,drc. whereof a fmall quantitv.hath beene gathered lit fome Chrifiian Countryes: and my felfe and others in our owne land, have gathered a little from the greene heads, as they [land, and are but halfe grown® 368 Chap.i4» ’Theatrum Botanicurn. Tribe 3. growne ripe, flit or cut with a knife in two or three places, that the milkeiffuing forth, may be gathered into fome convenient thing, and hardned afterwards in the Sunne, butnotat thefire, which will not be lo blacke asthat Opium,' that commeth ufually to us, which is rather Meconium as Diofcorides fettethitdowne which is made ofthejuiceofbothleavesandheades prefled forth,of the white aswell as of the blacke Poppy, for the true bell Opium is fome what ofawhitifh yellow or brownifh colour, and giveth no fuch yellow tinflure, as that which is fophifticate andmade with (ala«aum,( which is the yellow Juice of an hcrbe.with leaves like un¬ to horned Poppy, but divers have thought Glaucinm ,to be the Juice ofCbelidomui majm ,others of Pomum amorit ma'jut, and laftly Bmb'imi and fome others,thinke it to be of this thorny Poppy,becaufe it givech a yellow Juice) but as Belhmim writeth, that to have any quantity of true Opium, it rather confifleth in the multitude ofgathe- rersffor it mult be both fpeedily gathered,and in the heat of the day ) then in the great quantity of ground fowen therewith, it being a tedious worke; for a very ftnall quantity can be but gathered by any one in a day, in that every head yeeldeth but little, and mud be attended tobe taken from them, before it be dryed too much upoa them. r ThcVertues. All the forts of Poppyes are col din the fourth degree, but efpecially or the condenfate Juice, as Galen and divers other authours doe aflame, yet CMatthiolw fticketh thereat, thinking it rather to be hot, by the fharpe¬ nefle and bitternell'e thereof, and is Anoditmm medicamentum, that is fuch a medicine, that by procuring lleepe, eafeth many paines lor the prefent, which indeede it doth but palliate or caufe ro be quiet for a time; the conti¬ nual! Life whereof, bringeth very often more harme,and a more dangerous dileafe then it hath allayed, that is an infenfibleneffe or ftupefaftionofa part or member, which commeth to be the dead palfie, for although Diofco¬ rides,Galen, and others write, thatthe white feed is familiarly taken in bread, and made into cakes and eaten with pleafure, and CMatthiohu and divers others have obferved that in our dayes, the while Poppy leede, is fo-.ven in Italy and other places, and much uled, yea and the blacke feede alfo, although as they ail agree, it is ftronger in operation, and onely medicineable, or onely to be ufed in Pliylicke to helpe difeafes; for Matthioltet Writeth that the inhabitants about Trent, doe fow the blacke feede in their fields and grounds, among Beanes and other pulfe, w hich they familiarly eate, being made into cakes, that arc made ofmany foldes, the feede be¬ ing cafl in betweene the folds, and fo kneaded together, and yet hee faith, they are no whit more fieepy or drowiie, then thofe that eate none of them: as alfo that in Stiria and the upper Aujlria, the inhabitants doe cate the oyleprefled out of the blacke feede in their meates familiarly, inthefteadofSalletoyle, and bride no incon- venicncy of drowfineffeat all thereby ; which made him as he faith, venture to give the creame of the (eede made up with Barly water oftentimes, and in great quantity, in the hot fits ofagues, and burning feavers, both to afwade third, and to procure reft, and hereby as he faith, hefhookeof that feare of Poppy, that his wife Mailers had by their grave admonitions, feafoned him withall in former times: ti e Garden Poppy heads with feedes made into a Syrupe, is both frequently ufed in our dayes,and to very good efteift to procure reft and fleepe ill the ficke and weake, and to flay catarrhes, and defluxions of hot and thinnerheume, from the head into the llomacke, and upon the lungs, caufing acontinuall cough, the forerunner of a confumption; but hath not halfe that force in thofe tnat are ftronger, for the ftrength or debility of nature worketh divers effects, as you fee, as well in this, as in all or moft other things; the fame alfo helpeth the hoarfenefle of the throate, and when one hath loft their voyce, which the oyle of the feede doth likewife : the blacke feed boyled in wine and drunke, is faid alfo to flay the fluxe of the belly, and the immoderate courfe of womens fickenefle : the empty fhelsofrhe Poppy heades, are ufually boyled in water, and given to procure reft and fleepe; fo doe the leaves in the fame manner, as alfo if the head and temples be bathed with the decoftion warme, or with the oyle of Poppyes, the greene leaves or heads bruifed, and applyed with a little vinegar, or made into a pultis with Early litealc and Axuag,a, cooleth and tempereth all inflammations, as alfo that difeafe called Saint Anthonyn fire. The Opium, but I may rather fay the Meconium, ('which is the juice of the Poppy thickned) that is commonly ufed in the A- pothecaries (hops,and is much weaker by the judgement of all,both moderne and ancients,then the true Opium,') is mnch colder, and ftronger in eflea-, than any other part of the plant, but if we may know the temperature and qualities of things, by their tafte and effeft, we may rather Judge Opium to be hot then cold, or at the lead, to have very hot parts in it, witneffe the bitternefle thereof, the heate and fharpenefle that is felt in the mouth,up¬ on the tailing, and keeping it in the mouth a while, that it is ready to blifter both tongue and pallate; as alfo the grievous or heady heavy fmell, as well in it, as in the whole plant: but it may be faith Matthiolttf, the bit- terneffe, heate, and fharpenefle in Opium, or Mecer.ium, is rather accefTory then innate, and is therein by the mixture and adulterating of it with Cjlauciitm, and to give a yellow Juice, for cur Opium ifitbe diflolved doth fhew a brownifh yellownefl'e ; yet by his leave I may fay, that even the frefh milke with us,is bitter and (Irons m fmell like the Meconium or Opium, but becaufe our ancients, who have found out the qualities of thingsand left them for our knowledge, have fo found and Judged of Opium, I muff as Mattbiolw faith, leave it for others to defcant theron, as reafon and experience fhall direift them : It is generally ufed as 7 faid before in Treakle and CMithridatum, and in all other medicines that are made to procure reft and lleepe, and to eafe paines in the head, as well as in other parts, as I faid before, or rather to palliate them, it is ufed alfo, both to code inflammations, agues, or frenfies, and today defluftions, which caufe a cough or confumption, as alfo other fluxes of the belly, or womens courfes, and generally for all the properties that the feede or any other part of the plant is ufed : it is alfo put into hollow teeth to eafe the paine ; ic isufed bothin ocular auricular medicines with fome and to flayfluxesand to eafe paines, but Galen, and divers others in the former as well as in our times, have forbid¬ den fuch medicines,as too dangerous for the eyes, and even any other wayes ufed inwardly, iris not to beta¬ ken, but with good dorredlion and great caution, yet divers have found that applyed to the gout, it hath given much eafe of paine : The wild or red Poppy that groweth in the come, while it isycung, is a Sallet herbe in Italy, in many places, and in the territory of Trent efpecially,as faith, asalfoto prevent the falling fickneffc, which Theophrafiw alfo faith in his p. booke and 15, Chapter, was common in his time: the Syrupe made of the flowers is with good effeft, given to thole that have a Plurifie, and the dryed flowers alfo, either boyled in water or made into powder and drunke, either in the diftilled water of them,or in fome other drinke, VVOrkeththeii^sefFjHj the fame alfo is availeable, in all other ccphalicall or peftorall griefes; the diftilled water v Mill!. Tribe 3. The Theater of T/ants. HAP, 15. 369 water of the flowers ofthe wilde red Poppyes, iTheldtobe ofmuch good ufe againtt furfets, todrinke it even- inn and morning; it is alfo more cooling in quality then any ocher Poppy, and therefore cannot but be aser- fefluall in hot agues, frenlies, and other inflammations, either inward or outward, the Syrupe or water totia ufed therein or the greene leaves ufed outwardly, either in an ointment as it is in Populcm, a cooling ointment, or any other'wayes applyed, qden in 7. facultatum fimplicium mdicamentorum, faith the feede is dangerous to be ufed inwardly. Gerard was much miftaken, to thinke that this Wilde Poppy Ihould be that, which (houia be ufed in the compofition called hiacoduim, and citeth Galea for his authour, as it he had taught him that opi¬ nion, not undemanding what kindeof Poppy qden doth meane by wild Poppy, for he accordingas ‘Ihofcon- eUs afore him hath done, accounteth oncly the great white Poppy, whofe heads are fomewhat long, to be tn garden or manured kinde, and the other blacke kind to be wild, and dotn not meane this red Poppy, becauleit isonely wild with us, and not fowen,as whofoever (hall obferve the places throughly (hall nnde. The thor¬ ny Poppy being but oflatc invention, hath not beene applyed to any dileafe by any, that I can heare of. Chap. Xv, Argemonc. Baftard wilde Poppy. Here is of the kindes of wilde Poppy divers other forts, fome deferibed by others, and fome not fet forth by any before that I know, which being found in our o wne land, (hall be lpoken ot with the reft. I, Argemone capitulo rotvndiore , Round headed baftard Wild Poppy. This kind of wilde Poppy> hath divers hairy greene leaves lying on the ground, fomewhat longer and more divided into parts/then thofeoFthe former wild Poppy, Fomewhat like unto the leaves of the thinne leafed Anemone or wind flower, as Lobel faith, but is Feldome fo found with us, mong which rife up diverfe rough hairy ftalkes, more then two foote h igh fometimes, bearing fuch 1 hereand there on them, leffer then thofe below, all yeelding a yellow juice or mi Ike being br , oke ^> a , n f °" c ■ top of each branch one flower leffer then the other wilde Poppy, yet confiding of foure round P 01n « d ^ > a more delayed red colour,fometimes having each of themablackilh fpot m the bottome, and fometimes wit 1- out, with divers blackifh threds (landing about a fmall greene head, which when it is ripe, is fon T.^' lat h ^ rough and round, with fome crefts thereon, and a little round head, but not a Crowne orftarre, like the Pop-, 1. capital*"tmdimi. 4 - *%%%“• Round headed baftard wilde Poppy. Yellow wild baftard P ppy 37 ° CHAP.15, Theatrum c Botan'tcum. Tri B E.3 pies at the top, wherein is contei^ih^^ as the fornier wM kind the roote is fmall and long, with many fibres thereat, and perilheth in the like manner after feedctime Sa 3 „.. . . „ , 2 I '* 11 ** 1 ° top*'. Long headed Ballard wild Poppy. ^ his IS m all things like the laft, both for leaves, flowers, and feede, the chiefed difference in this from the for’ mer confineth ,n the head with feede, which is longer then the other, fmaller below then above, yet having little round headat the top, but no crowne, and is rough and hard like it. vn S*' 3 Argemone Alpinnlutea, Yellow mountaine baflard’wilde Poppy The yellow out andilh mountaine baftard wilde Poppy, hath many fmooth greene Raves, fet on fomewhar hairy long footeftalkes, an handbredth long, which leaves are very much and finely cut on the edges, like unto thole of the Coriander leafed Crowfoote, from among which rife up divers bare or naked (hikes III u rywithall, 0 halfe a footehigh, at the toppes whereof dan’d one flower a peeceofameane^fifeconfidinpofi foure yellow leaves, with many whit,(h threds in the middle tipt with yell™, (landing about a (mall roundfnd threddj'att'heend ’ W " C ° ntamedfma “ blacklfilkcdc : the *<™Uand long,and 4 - Argemone CAmbro-'Britanica lutea. Yellow wild Ballard Poppy of Wales This yellow Poppy,hath many winged large fpreade leaves,lying upon the ground.that is manv leaves (er reC. gether on each (ide of a middle rib,each divided icafe being fomewhat deepely cut m,in fome places of the edges" fr o he " ot ^ crs > of a dee, e.but fane greene colounamong the(e leaves rile up,divers branched (lalkes two footc h gh, hav ng fome filch leaves thercon.but fmaller,at feverall diflances.and at the tops ofthe flall.es and branches a fame yellow (omewhat large flower confiding of foure round leaves, with many yellow threds in the middle* (landing about a long greene head in the middle,which when the flower is fallen and the head ri D e is then the former long headed wilde Poppy but in the like manner fmaller a! with a fmall head thereon,containing much fmall blacke feed,lying within feverall cels, in the fame falhion that' T i, s roote islong,andbrowm& on the outlidc.fpreading into fome branches, and dims fmall fibres thereat,which penlheth not every yearc.as the other forts before (pecified doe C The ‘Place, The two firfl are often found as well in Corne fields, in Summerfetlhire,Kent and other Countries of this i„„ A< as inthe corner! and borders of heldes, and by the way (ides. The third was found upon Sueberg a hill mlftrt’ as al(o on fome hils in Italy. The lad groweth m many places of Wales, in rhe valleves and fields at tbe flsZC the h.ls and by the water (ides, about a mile from a fmall village called Mar, and m the midway from 0° to Gmder, the houfe of a wormy Gentleman Sir lohn Gum, as a |f 0 ncerc a wr od j pn hr ■ ouer the River ‘Doe, to a fmall village called BaUm, which is in North-Wale,, arc ) ; n loin" up the hfll that leades to Sanghor, as alfo ncrc Anglefey ln the way to the (aid Sir lohn Cum his houfe. B S P " 1 “ The Time, and^notherdamr fl ° Werab ° Ut **”*^ ^ in *** andthefodisri P E »nfome plactsearlier/ The Names, It is called in Grcekc quia aroemasAdeft, octilorum nubecula* tn/lit \r a r th'rf^h^ef'or 1 },’ 2 S , J ao ® k jh and ?- Chapter cMetTitArgemoHu] and^i&itlf that theyThThis time made three forts hereof, whereof the bed was that, whofe roote did wu icn mat uicy in ms time he maketh mention of foure forts,as in bis 21. book,& 23 .chap he faith that Am more ,'s fo F e F laces book,& 19 .chap.he faith that Lappa Canaria whofe roote (mcileth of Frarcumf 1S called Argemone,in his a4. his aS.book,& (S.chap.he faith lngninarU waTcalled ZeZ.t,Argemone, and in hen for Argemone, but now a dales all our modernc wri^ersd^j a'gree^tfut Giir^yycwcvHs'the^fame diafD^^vr/- ties wrote of, not withflanding that he giveth to it, a round roote which ours hath not fome S u‘ ! therfort oMija* whichmoddoe not hold tight: thefirdof thefe is called b eg Label, aJLZoZZX toruliscamlato, Bauhirm callethtt Brgemone cap.mlo hreviore, and thinketh it to be the fame, 7 hat Lohll and PenajntbarAdver/artacanAnemonemnor Coriandri folio,ftore FulfatUU capituli, birfutis, neem Papaverco rolladonate. The fecond is called by Lohd Argemor.ecapnnlo lougiore, as Bauhirm, doth alfo but he maketh it alfo to he the Anemone Narbouenfi, major cormcuUtu of Lobelw&rPena, in their Adverfaria, when by the iudne ment of cha t Aacmone of theirs, is Papavercormculatum -violaceum of Clufmt, VoionaM and others and doth much1 differ from1 this Argemone , both in bigneffe and colour ofthe flower, and in the head of feede ’that being much longer and fmaller then this: Cordusin his Hidory of Plants, and 4 «. Chapter fetteth this’forth by the name of Argemone, which Gefner who fet him forth knew not, becaufe Cordus faith, it "iveth a yellow/ ju.ee like Celandine : The third is fet forth by Form in his ItahanHaldm, and by Bauhinm, i n hif ProdroJu! a „d R/V«, under two titles as two forts, when as affuredly they are both but one: The lad was found as I (hewed Country^ “ man y P Iaces of Wales > by hotel in his life time, and therefore entituled julUy according to the ^. The Vertues. JT™ and Cal l” 8' v ' 6 unt ? this k!nde of P °PP‘ e . a c > Enfin g qualicie and (harpe, that it is able to clcare the £0 aflW apP ^ n fl ln the CyeS ’ a1 ?^ fuc l 1 ml ^ es >fi ln ies and eloudes, that grow in them to hinder the fight as alfo in xv^r *aI Infl , amma V? n . S ; b “t others fay, that it helpeth the bloudy fluxe, the decoftion thereofbeing made ofa • and “ run J '" e > as 3^Ifoff ltbeboyledin wine and drunke, is a prefent remedy againd the dinninp ofhin'm/ beaten wlfledb f e3 |h’ and . that * w ? dranamcs thereof taken in wine, wafteth the fpleene that is fwollen : bein| vpvpT, -r, C tl frefb> and applred to cuttes and wounds healeth them fpeedily : applied alfo to anv member oronrhr lthCrai u P n° r i C0nVU r fi . 0nS ’ tOany f °res, cankers, or fidulas, to any blackeand blew fpots in the’face throat hrJwh ftr?k r S or { a!,es = do . th heI P e and hea1 ' them all: being bruifed and applied with vineger to the’ beine rubbed! 1 ^ mfie>a P d a PP hcd thE P^ce grieved with the gout taketh away the paine thereofquickly • Tripe \ The Theater of Tlantes. Chap.i6, 37 i C HAP. XVI. Hypecouni. The herbe Hjipeconm of ‘Piofiorides. LthoUgb Cameraritu, Dodotieus, Lobel, and others doe reckon this fmall plant as a fpecies, or fort of wild Cumin, and have referred it to with them, yet l dare not fo call it, be f au(e I doe not finde either the face, or outward refemblanee there of, nor yet the temperature and qualities, to be any way anfwerable thereunto, but rather unto the Poppies, I have therefore thought it fitted: to joyne it next unto them, and doe rather incline to the judgement of to account this plant to be the true Hmocum of Diofcorides : unto which,I will alfo ad joyne another final! olant reckoned alfo by Lobel to be ofthe kindes of wild Cumin,which I muft call another Hypeocnm in that it is fo like unto the other: And let me crave leave with all to infert here, as m an extravagant place, that krnde of wild Cumin, which is fo accounted of mod Writers,as not having a fir place to fet it alone, m regard it may not be joyned with the true Cumin, which muft be intreated of among the umbellrfers, andbecaule this is mother Authors joy^dwuh^theform^ ^ ^ jj Jftc0Um 0 f viofeoride, according to Chfim. This fmall plant hath diverfe long leaves lying on tire ground .very much drvrdcd.and cut into many parts,of a pale or whitifh greene colour, fo like unto Fsemiterry in the colour of the leaves, as alfo fomewhat neerc m the many divifions and parts thereof, that it will foone deceive one that doth but O.ghtly regard it, but is fmallcr and thinner and more gentle in handling, yet is larger in Spo.ne than with us as Chfim recordeth ; in the middle of them rifeth up a ftalke or two, with fome leaves thereon, and divided towards the toppe into diverfe bran¬ ches - at the topees whereof (land fmall yellow flowers, confifting of fixe leaves two whereof are larger than the reft,and (land one oppofite unto another,the reft being very fmall and fearfe drfeerned but when the flower rs blowcn open: after which doe arife long crooked flat huskesor cods fu of joints fomewhat likeunto.the huskes ofthe Scorpioides of Manbiohs, but greater and longer: mthefevcral joints whereof lye feverall fquare yel- lowifh feede, very hardly to be taken forth, and feparated from the huskes or skrnnes: the roote is fmall, and a little ftringy,dying every yeare at the firft approach of Winter, and is very hardly made to fpnng, but by an Autumne fowing i the tafte of the plant is unpleafant. I Hypecortm alteram. Another Hypecotm. This other fort (for fo I make it ) is very like unto the former, but that the leaves hereof are not fo broad and long, being more finely divided, fomewhat like unto the Sefeli or Hartwott of Mar/e,lies or wild Chervi 1 ; the ftalkes are fmooth, full of leaves and branches, whereat come forth yellow flowers made of five pointed leaves, and after them long pods, which hang downe andftand not upright: nor arc crooked like the former, but joyn- ted and with greater and yellow feedes within them, like unto thofe of Gdega or Goates Rue, j. Cttm'witm fylveslre. WildCumm. Wild Cumin (hooteth forth diverfe long rough, or fomewhat hard winged leaves,each whereof is finely den¬ ted about the edges j from among which rifeth up a flender weake bending ftalke, divided at the toppe into many parts, each whereof l atha round whitifh foft gentle, and woolly head or ball upon a fmall roote ftalke* like unto thofe of the Plane tree heads or balls, wherein is con¬ tained fmall feedes: the roote is fmall and white and quickly perifheth, with the kail blades ordewes of cold nights, ana feldomecommethtomaturitieinour countrey, as I have often feene the experience my feife. The place. The two firft groweth as well in Province, in the way to Arles, Mompeliery and other places in France , as in diverfe Pro¬ vinces of Spaine as Ctafias faith : the other as Label faith, grow- eth in the fame places in France , that the former doth: the Iaft he faith likewil'c groweth plentifully in Narbone about Aqaas Scxtiasy and other places of France . The Time. All theft flower with us, not untill the midft of Sommer, and give their feede late, but the laftworft as Ifaid, and feldome good although late. The Names. Diofcorides calleth an herbe in Greeke w - 55v and vmfeoy Hype- coum and Hypopheam , for which the Latineshave no other name Hypecoam , alter the Greeke; yet there is great doubt amongft many, what plant fhould be the right, fome thinking the Tha- liFlrnmminw to be it, others thinking the Argemone minor of Tragus ( which is the lefler Papaver Rhaas - ) to be it zOWat* tbioI h s ( according to his manner, that whatfoever was obtruded unto him, and was not manifeftly contradi&ory, was prefently prefented for right; no markes there of wan¬ ting) maketh the Alcea vejicaria or Veneta , which Lobel cal— leth PercgrinaSolifequa to be it, which I have fet forth in my former Booke: And laftly Clajias , and from him Dodonzut propound this firft plant, for the true H ypccoum of Diofcorides ; Clajias affirming that of all the plants that he knew, there was not any that came nearer thereunto than this, unto whom I V muft alfo confeut> for that neither the face nor the qualicie* as I I. Hyptcoum legitimum CluFj . The true Hypetcum of Ci'ufm, faid before doth gainefay it. It is alfo by Matthioltu, and Caft or D nr antes who takethit from him, as alfo by amcrariv.i) Lugaunenfts , Tab ermon tarns and Z,o£c/called Cttminmn fylveftre alterum or ftlitjHofunsj and (fterard r ^ before,and after him Dodonsns and Camerarius, call it Hypccoum & tegitimum, and Aitmnus alfo, who quoteth Aiat thiol us in two places to call Caminumfylveftre alterum both T)elpbinum and thiSjbut he quoteth^ Gefner in hortis Germani£ tocallitfolikewife; when in that place Gefner his Hypecortmftis that or latthiolus , which is the Aleea veftcaria , and not this. Cluftus faith that the Spaniards in the kingdome ■ i. ra ^ a r °. ZVla/echampius upon Pliny CalU primum genus P linij .Cordus in hiftoriaplantaru calleth kDracunculus henicophyllos, and as he faith is the fame that Matthiolus calleth Dracuncttlus major.Clufitu calleth the fourrhAj«®»<»«i,& it is moft probable.it is the fame with tMaitbiolw his Arum aliudminm with many fmallrootes, which he faith he received from CaUolarim of Verona, and thought it grew upon Mount Baldus, becaufe he had fent him many plants that grew there : but becaufe this is not mentioned in all the delcription of Mount "Baldus, it is more likely that Calzjolar 'ms , had it from Confiantinoplc,ot fome other place in Turkic,mi fent it him as a raritie.The lift & fixt are called Arifarssm or Aris as Tl'mj laith,and diftinguifhed by the titles of latifolium and angufiifoliitm. I he Spaniards call it Frailillos that is little Friers, becaufe the hofe doth reprefent the forme of a Friers Cowletthe latifoliumDalechampius upon PFny calleth Calla altera genus P linij, yet Tragus thinketh that this Arifarfi, fhould be mote properly the Aram of Dio] 1 corides,which is ulually eaten,for our Arum is fohot and fharpe.that it is not to beendured.whercunto fomeothers doe reply and fay, that the Arum of the hotter countries is more mild, and yet the fame in jfecie ; Tfi e feventh is called by the Spaniards Manta dc nuefira fenora from the largenefle ofthe leaves, and diverfely by divers late Latine Writers,lome as I faid conteftingearnellly, that itis the Faba Egyptia, and Co'/ocafia of Diofcorides, or Colocafion of Nicandar, others flatly denying it and calling it s Arum AF.gyptium, which terme Pliny ufeth, hut it is not knowne from whom he had it: thofe that hold and maintaine the former opinion, are BeUdnim, Alpinns Camerariw, Lusdunenfis, and laftly Clufius, who doe all conclude, that this plant which the Egyptians call C a leas' can be no other plant then the Faba Egyptia ofDiofcorides and Theophrafim, although it beare neither flower nor fruit, and thereupon doe much fufpeft the truth of their defcriptions.becaufe there was never heard or found fas they fay) any other that did anfwer in all things unto their deferiptions, and that this did moft nearely approach thereunto, both for that the name of Cnlcas, fo nearely drawing to the Greeke name Colocafia, and was fo ancient ly continued among thofe Nations of Egypt, Syria, Arabia and Affriche, and that the daily ufe of the roote to be dreffed or eaten raw ,for their food and meate as they faid their Faba w as; butthe fruit or nuts was their foode and not the rootes, time having inverted both name and ufe : it is alfo called Talujfe by the inhabitants of lava ( but Lalade in the Malstia tongue) which foundeth fomewhat neere Culcus as it is recorded in the Dutch Na vigation thither in Anno i 595 . before fpoken of, where it is faid alfo to beare neither flower nor fruit ■ but thofe that hold the contrary opinion that it is but Arum AEgJptium, and not the true Colocafia, although commonly fa called, are AnguilDra,GuilUndimu, Maranta,Caufabomts,Matthiolus, Gefner in hortis qcrmanUJJodomius, Lobel and Cotumna, who have all of them in their times teftified it, moft of them having feene the flower or fruit or both, that it beareth'.which plainely declareth it to be a kind of Arum, and that it is not the Faba vEajptia wliofe roote was called Colocafia : but Fabius Columna laftly and moft fully to the purpofe, doth flic w the truth,Vetting forth the defeription of this ArumtAEgyptium, amply in every part, to beare leaves,flowers, hofe or huske, with a peftleor clapper therein, and berries afterwards, agreeing in all thofe parts to the vulgar Arum and Ar 'ifarum although fomewhat in a different manner, as every fpecies of a genus doth; and with all doth defend the veritie of Diofcorides and Theophraftus deferiptions thereof, againft all gainefayers, wondering that fo many learned men fhould not difeerne the truth, but be led away fo groflelyintoerrour, againft fo plaine declarations, that they make ofthe plant and every part thereof, that is of roote, ftalke, leafe, flowers and fruit: the roote to be like the roote of the Recde, but greater and not bulbous like the Arum, to be armed with prickles or thornes, when as the roote of this Arum, or fuppofed Colocafia is not fo, then that it beareth a ftalke a cubite or more high, which this doth not, and that it carrieth a flower thereon, bigger than that of thePoppie, and of a Rofe colour, which this hath no refemblance thereunto; and laftly that it beareth a head like a Wafpes combe, with many cells or divifions therein,in every one wherof groweth a fruit ornut.begger than an ordinaryBeane,vvhere- unto this Arum hath no likenes;I might adde alfo the name ofthe head ciWzdiCihorion, or Cibetion, which as I faid lignifieth a fmall casket, from thefimilitude ofthe places, wherein the fruit ftandeth, as alfo from the forme of the head with the fruit, like unto a drinking cuppe, ufed among the ancient Gr£cians • as alfo the fruite or Beane it felfe, fo notably knowne to all the Nations, both Greekes and others, that it was as a ftandard for a certaine Weight, whofe true proportion was certainely knowne, and conftantly maintained: the place alfo ofthe grow¬ ing, betng in the waters, is differing from that of Arum , the vertues and qualities as different from it, all which J ha y e therefore Chewed you, that every one may plainely fee the truth, and hereafter be better perfwaded, if they have erred m their opinion and judgement • And to fhew the originall of this errour,as it is moft probable : hrlt I may lay that the revolution of time, which bringeth on with it many flippes and errours, hath beene the caufe thereof, which therefore wife men and judicious, muft ftill be carefull to finde out and reforme : Bellomus in the 28.Chapter of his fecond Booke of Obfervations, thinketh that Herodotus was the firft that was the Chap.17* c Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 3: caufc of that errour, but I verily fuppofe it to be more antient,for Diojco rides faith in his Chapter of Arum, among the doerfe names thereof, that thofeofC;/>iw did aWArum by the name of Colocapon, and therefore itis molt probable that diverfe Nations, eating the rootes of this Arum, as well as the reft, which were not hot andfharpe in tafte, in thofe countries, as they are in thefe colder, did from the Cyprians call it Colocafia , becaufe the roote of the Egyptian Beane, being alfo called Colocafia, was boyled and eaten as thofe of Arum were : and thus this er¬ rour ip: eading, and the ule of them encreafing by being peradventttre, both more plentiful, to be had by en- creale, and more acceptable to the tafte, than the fruite of the Egyptian Beane, it became of leffeefteeme, and in time to be fo muchnegleffed, that it was no more looked after and planted, whereby it became to be utterly uiiknowne at thelaft, and the name Culcas, was ftill maintained and impofed on thofe rootes of Arum, as if they had beetle the rootes ofthe Egyptian Bane. Thus much I thought good out of my fimple judgement to declare w hich if it doe not agree with truth and reafon, I fubmit it to thofe that can bring better. The Venues . Tragus reporteth that a dramme weight, or more if neede be, ofthe roote of that Wake Robin, that hath fpot- ted leaves, whether it be frefh and greene, or dried it mattereth not; being bruifed or beaten and taken, is a moftprefent remedy never failing againftbothpoyfon and plague: fome he faith, take as much Andromack'M Treakle with it, for the more certaintie : the juyee of the furbe taken, to the quantitie of a fpoonefull or more, worketh the fame eflfeft : but if there be a little vinegar added thereunto, as well as to theroote before fpoken of, it will fomewhat allay that fnarpe biting tafte upon the tongue, which it caufeth; the greene leaves likewife being bruifed and laid upon any boyle or plague fore, doth wonderfully helpc to draw forth the poyfon: the pouder ofthe dried route ofWake Robin, to the weight of a dramme, taken with twife as much Sugar, in the forme of a Lohocor licking EIedluary,or the greene roote, doth wonderfully helpe thofe that arepurlie or fliort- winded, as alfo thofe that have the cough, having their ftomacke, chell, and longs, ftuffed with much flenme for itbreakethand digeftethit in them, and caufeth ittobeeafily avoided and fpit forth : the milke wherein the roote hath beene boyled, is effeftuallallo for the fame purpofe : the faid pouder taken in wine or drinke, or the juyceofthe berries, orthe pouder of them, orthe wine wfierem they have bcene boyled provoketh 'urine, andbringeth downe womens ccurfes when they are ftayed, and purgeth them effectually after child bea¬ ring, to bring away the afterbirth; it is faid that it expeileth drunkennefic alfo; taken with fheepes milke, it healeth the inward ulcers of the bowells; the diftilled water hereof likewife is effectual), to all the purpofes aforefaid; and moreover a fpoonefull taken at a time, healeth the itch; and an ounce or more taken at a time for fome dayes together, doth helpe the rupture •- the leaves either greene or drie or the juyee of them, doth clenfe all manner ofrotten and filthy ulcers, of what part of the body foever they be, and the (linking (ores in the nofe called Polypus and healeth them alfo : the water wherein the roote hath bcene boyled, dropped into the eyes,clen(cth them from any filmeor skinne beginning to grow over them, or clouds or miftes thatmay hinder the fight, and helpeth alfo the watering and redneffe of them, and when by chancethey become blacke and blew: theroote mixed with Keane flower, and applied to the throat or j awes that are in¬ flamed, helpeth them : the juice ofthe berries boyled inoyle of Rofes, orthe berries themfelves made into pouder, and mixed with the oyle and dropped into the earcs, eafeth the paines in them : the berries or the rootesbeaten with hot oxe dung,and applied to the gout, eafeth the paines thereof: the leaves and rootes alfo boyled in wine with a little oyle, and applied to the piles, or the falling downe ofthe fundament eafeth them, and fo doth the fitting over the hot fumes thereof: the frt fli rootes bruifed and diftilled with a little milke, yeel- deth a molt foveraigne water to clenfe the skinne from feurfe, freckles, (pots, or blemiflies wbatfeever therein : yet fome ufe the rootes themle ves bruifed and mixed with vinegar,but that is too fliarpe, and not to be ufedibut when there is great neede, and with good caution,and not to abide long upon any place : there is a feex/a made by art from the frefh rootes, called Gerfdferpentnria, which is as white as"Starch or Cerufe, and being diffolved ill milke, or in the diflillcd water, of the rootes and milke aforeiaid, doth wonderfully blanch the skinne, hiding many deformities •• the frefh rootes cutfmall and mixed with a fallet of white Endive or Lettice, &c. is an ex¬ cellent difti toentertaineafmell-feaft.orunbidden unwelcome gueft to a mans table, to make fport with him, and drive him from his too much boldneffe ; or the pouder of the dried roote, ftrawed upon any daintie bit of meate, that may be given him to eate ; for either way, within a while after the taking of it, it will fo burne and pi icke his mouth and throate, that he (hall not be able either to eate a bit more, or fcarfeto fpeake for paine, and will fo abide untill there be fome new milke or frefh butter given, which by little and little, will takeaway thehcate and pricking, andreflore him againc.Some ufe to lay the greene leaves of Wake Robinainong their Cheches,both tokeepe them from breeding wormes, and to ridde'them alfo being in them. The Arifarumo r Friers Con!e,as®ic/cOTi*r andGd/f»affirme,isfarre hotter, and fbarpe or biting m tafte, than Arum or Wake Robin, which is not fo found in any part of Europe, whether ftaly or Spaine, France, Germany or England, that I know, both hot and cold countries, but in all of them much milder and weaker than the Arum ("which caufed Tragus as I faid before, to fufpefl: that our Arum, was the Arifartim of the antients) and therefore they appoint it, to be laid to eating,f retting, and running fores, to (lay their fpreading,and abate their malignitie, as alfo to be put into fiftulas and hollow ulcers, to helpe to clenfe and heale them up s a peece ofthe roote, put into the fecrct parts of any fcmall creature, killeth them, caufing them to die quickly ; which thing is contradifted by fome, and faid to be utterly untrue, c Amatut Lufstamss writeth, that in the Low Countries it was ufed againft the plague, wherco fC/afim faith, it was not knowne unto his eountrie men, untill he had travelled into Spaine and Portugal, and from thence gave them the knowledge thereof, by fending ir unto them: but it may be hee miftook cArifarum, for Arum, which as you may fee before, is found cffeffuall for that purpofe. The lArumot Egypt™ it is milder in tafte, although fomewhat fliarpe and bitter and flimie in eating, foitis leife effeftuall in medicine.becaufeitismoreufuallinmeate. All theEaft countries which the Italians call the Levant, as Apt, Syria, Arabia, Egypt, c -re. and lava alfo, and other places in the Indies as you heard before doe mod frequently eate the rootes hereof boiled in the broth of flelh, and many other wayes drefled, not onely as a daily foode, but as they thinke, to encreafenaturallfpermeor feede, andtocaufe a validitic alfo, and more powerfull abilitie ititheaft of generation. Caafl Trib* 3- The Theater of Tlantes. Chap.i8. Q H A p« X V H I. Chriftophoriana. Herbe Chriftopher. U >, Efides the ufuall fort of herbe Chrifiopb«■, which hath beene knowne of a long time to us, we have lat ej fiff leaned an other fort as we fuppofe, the nearerefemblance mface caufing us fo to imagine. $[|)l 3 yS i, Chrifiopboriana vulgaru. Ordinary herbe Cbrtftopbet.. ~ && Herbe Cbriftopher (hooteth forth diverfe greene (hikes of leaves, halfe afoote long, which are ncruc u j r . five tlie lower parts (landing for the molt part one againlt another, made into three part.,, y . her at the end Q f the ftalke, each of thefe parts confift of three leaves feparatea or not much diftant, an t which are fome what broad, and ending in a point, fome of them cue in on the edges more P f th ronnd (Hikes, halfe a yard or two foote high, yet not bending but nfe up diverfe fomewhat we 1 , , leave9 thereon, as grew below, but with (horter ftalkes: at the (landing upright, having t re w hite flowers, every one confiding ot five fmall leaves, with many ^Ifddle and after ttey are fallen comefm.ll ronnd berries, greene at the firft, and blacke whitifli threds in tle within, and fomewhat thickewith di- S«ki(h e ftnngs! or great fibres annexed thereunto, which perifheth not, although the (hikes and leaves d ° edtC d ° W f e chJ iS & rubric. Herbe Cbriftopher of America divided into m *"yP a ^* ^ , tU f c of white flowers compofed in a manner wholly of threds, ycr if they be'more^ee^dyvewed^there will appeare for every flower fixe fmall white leaves with their threds m the middle comp Lg a round greene button, which comming to maturity is either white with a purple t.ppe and fopte ftalk^or reddith wholly : the roote is blacke, thicke, (hort andcrooked, not growing downewards not creeping: but with many fibres thereat. * lace * ,. Thr firfi: oroweth generally in the woods of mountaines,that are fomewhat open and not too much Mowed* and other like places, as wellin our owne as other countries. The other both m our Plantations, and the French The Time. They flower after Midfomer, and the berries ate ripe in Auguft. Cbri/lophorhna vulgaris. Ordinary herbe Cbiiflopbet, Chriflophoriryra Amtrictnd. Herbe Chrijhfher of Arr.erim. m 380 Chap.x^. Theatrum Botanicum. Tr IB B 3' T be Names , — It hath no Greeke or fcarfe any good Latin name, although commonly with mod.it be called r A-■ rt u ■ ‘Ckr.ppbmimln -what caufe and refpeft I cannotlearne.and many do doub of the thinking it but compofed as relative, bearing Chrtft according to the morall of the dory and no eflentLl T* deede: Some call it as Lugdunenfis faith Napelim lemav.tbemcs, and fome AconituJLciferum d ' n - faith, It is called With them xNapiUmracemofin, andfo with Mar-an,ha as CamcrviH, faitl/fome Coflwmger Pen* and Lobel make a doubt whether it be nor of Winy, in his 27 Booke’anT rh T “ caufe hts pd&cabeareth blacke berries like Ivie: butdiverfe good and iudicious HnLin j 3 d l' Clla P ter > f; e- to be Ebulns, for this hath no rough (lalke as ABa* hath, W? fmooth^and B S f r ? thW take AB - roote of^&M.tobethe rooteof Sambus w . Bauhinw calleth it Aconltum racemofum andfeemah^T^ Lobel h, s opinion, whether it be not ‘Pliny his ABU* er n0 . Some alfo doe call ScJpbuLu bv thTn:,™ Chnficj,!^ Camcr.ru,, faith it is called in high®*.* Wolfs wotts, when as TrnL and otheTfTTL turn LycoBonum, thx is Lupana or L«ptcuUis(o called alfo with them. Camerariue fauh alfo r is „ if f u them ChnM'ls kraut, But Tragus faith that a kind of Vetch or Piille, which he thinketh is th leArlcl In W / th rules, is called with them Sant C.hrijhfels kraut : The other is called by lacobus Corum,, in h tc Zl r tarum hijioria Panaces w- fiveracemofum Cansuknfi : but why pLx being no wound herbelt^o ? 7 unlefle it were for want of a bettername : but I thinks I have entituled it more truely, I am fure nw, T refemblmg this herbe, than any Panax that I know. } m 1 rc rc nea rely t _ _ TheVertucs, The Inhabitans of all the mountaines and places, wherefoever the firft groweth as fome Writers fav Ana - nerally hold it to be a mod dangerous and deadly poifon, both to men and bead, and 1 hat they ulb to kill w i S<> herewith very fpcedilypt mult therefore be cauteloufly ufed.or rather utterly refufedibut I much doubtu" thofe Mountainers meane not rather that Acomtum LycoBomum called Lupiuda ■ and although mam,15' T" thours huld it dangerous, yet cannot I m my judgement fo thinke, not finding herein by the tade any pernlfT" qualitie ; but I cannot learne what helpe this hath procured to any : Cornum Faith of his P-c/S T it is eaten familtarly both with the naturalls, and French inhabitants with them as a ballet herbe. ? thaC Chap. XIX. Clcmatites, Climers or Clamberers, ^ orB T C ,! im F s or Clamberers, mod of which are fharpe hot and caudicke or ev Ll *yj not deadl r‘ofth^ 0 rnl 0 ^o e w: yet 1 thinkeit n0t amifle t0 let y ° U 4 figures^ defer*! This wdd '- r ,v i Vi ° na - Tlle g feat wild C '* mer or Gerards Travellers Toy garden and field gates, or to bindcany bur.dle together ) thefe brandiesItfreT "'T t0 Wmde abouc ever it ftandeth next unto, dividing it felfe into many other twigge!,* ^where^ are^fet ar^hr^^Ti "! bat ^ 0 "' two long dalkes of winged leaves, confiding of fife leaves two and two rnrnrh ^ H H f T 1 dented on the (ides, with foiall notches, of a pale greene colour and taftinp fhaJnr ““c- the e " dj cach tongue,but not fo much as the burning Climer or Virgins bower • rhed hr!? , fhar P c . a " d hot, biting upon the thing, ftandeth ncare unto them for a great way, butlave^nTcTafnLo^H if , 'U 'L d ^ emfdVCS aboUC ail V winde it felfe thereby, as Gerard faith it hath fo farre a ev er I n 2 If’ ‘‘^i^ V '” e ’ t0 take hold a « d dand, come forth likewife towards the toppes ofthe branches diverfr h * ‘‘ at ^ W ^ re tbe lcaves gether upon fmall long foote ftaikes, with diverfe yellow threds in the middlc S Fmdl^n ° W r C ^ owers, 5f c J°“ thev are pad, there arife in theit places feverall heads of manylng ho rt fil ” ' ^ ate feathers fet together, with a brownifh flat llede at the bottome oLven ofthern wb lb IT"' 35 lft ^, y W£re to the Winter, before they fall off, or are blowen away with the winde ■ The rootc ir grear^ wh ‘. e J even whatwoddy, dlfperfing it felfe into diverfe long branches under ground - theleaves lift thlc ^ a " d (ome- andrecover agatue in tbe Spring. “ na . the leaves fall away in the Winter, TH . . .,, 2 ; P«M*/;/«Jfri altera Bcetica, The great Spanifh wild Climer from the joynts likewife where the leaves ftand, come forth (The flovlers were It; heads, tn the fame manner that the former hath, with the like plumed feathers u oWei 7? d .) lo ng tufts or fmaller feedc below them, then the other. P ’ ° f 3 hoary whlte col °“t, with This Crnflnvorf <-i; 3 ‘ ^ l ™‘ ,, " Cr, ‘ cUtxA lpma. Tbe erode Climer ofthe Alpes. what Ld and wo'oddy To ‘Th other CIi ™«, fome-' a little downewards, from whenceTnT fTfi f ? h ,‘i° h ’ ftand ' n? f ° r th o , mo(l part u P ri § ht > or bu t leaning fet at equall didances, ttVo (mall flakes of leavp m fl n 'l T n ? c P a b ^“te inches long, whereon are a flendec Tr i be. 3. The Theater ofT/ants. Chaf.ic?, a (lender long footc ftalke, confiding of fourc woolly and 1 pointed leaves, laid open like unto a croffe, of a blufh white colour, havingm the middle thereof, many fmall whiter leaves foulded together: the roote fpreadeth very much under ground, which hath but very fmall acrimonie therein,or none at all, but the leaves are fomewhat lliarpe and hot in tafte. 4. Clematis maritime reports. The creeping fiery Sea Climer. This creeping Sea" Clematis, fpreadeth abroad many ) creeping pliant, joynted and crefted branches, about two foote long, covered with a very darke greene barke, from whence fhoote forth many winged leaves, a little dented 1 about the edges, very like unto the Clematis eretta, or 1 fUmnU Iovit, the upright Virgins Bower, confiding of five leaves, but mod commonly of three upon a ftalke, , being narrower, harder and longer pointed: at the ends whereofcommeth forth, a fmall clafping tendrell, but thole that grow up higher upon the ftalkes, and nearer linto the toppes, where the flowers doe Hand, are much .fmaller andnarrower :the flowers come torch many toge¬ ther, as in the other, fet upon long foote ftalkes, which are white with many hairy threds in the middle of them .-and after they are paid, arife many round flat reddifh feede, fmaller than the other, three or foure upon a flalke toge¬ ther, plumed with a white feather, at the head of every , of them: the whole plant is fharpe and hot like unto the other. The Place. The firft groweth in many places of our owne land, in the hedges of fields,& by the high wayes fide, in Buchjng- ham fir ire, Bedfordjhire, and Ejfex, but efpecially in Kent, where from beyond Woolwich ro Gravefend, and from Gravefend along to Canterbury, you may fee it in many 2. Clmatil fylve/lris altera Battel. The great sptW'Jb wild Climer. x. clematisJylvcf/ris liuJoUaf- 11 yiorna. The great w Id Climer or l\ avellers Jhc> 3B4 ChAP.20, Tbeatrum Bo'tamcum, Tr IB E —~-———-—-___ » 4 placcs.Thc fecond C/«/» f oneIy found in Spaine, betwecne a** A™ *•«&««■and Calpe and- 7 ~ theceof. The third was found upon mountZ«M», by (a ^’ h Dt s k 7 ° plaC u Johannes 'Bona, an Apothecane of f»(M, in his deferimion thereof which fc r V/ 7 , d °Wn e p, Ufhedand ftt it forth at the end of his hiffory of plantV^hd'fvas augmented afterwar d s t< by^M , h 1 w e ^ pil ^ i fetforth firff in Latine, and after that aga.ne enlarged with many additions and fa forthin Cln ^w / ™ yet Batthims faith it was found alfo very plentifully, both fairer and greater hv nnfl ,T/“ by b,s ,cnne of Aujlria ; Thelaft Bmkimss faith, groweth in many places of the A™ ^™«andZ«. Whereof he fpeakcth.n his 16. Bookc and fourth Chapter, and the CkmJltcrti of F ”J fylveftm cauftica, of Gefner in hortii Genmrni*thrVit™ fab , z . the Vitjs fylveftris cauFHca,of Gefner in f, andfi, f ‘”7 ° f upon DufierUtes ; the Jm&w call it Vitalba, the Gc7«a„ Linen and Lisneh the and m Englifh of moft country people where it groweth Honeflie ; and the Gentletton^ncanor ,^^ rWcoyned that name of the Travclours joy. The fecond C*/^ calleth ttS”, / ' Love, but fie. that he might vary therefrom. Clematis neremna foliis tyriincCis , The rbirrl Cer defcnption m my former bookc may very well ferve to make Arbours,in Cardens Otfha J°“ T \ md their for p^alure, for thereunto they ate moft fit, ifanywillfo refpeft as to plan them l he n th’ ° r r ?. ther placcs to take a way the fcurft.lepry, or othdr deformities of the skinne : but may not fafely be ufed in, S ,me , rs , ferve D-efconde,,Galen, PImpend others fay it was ufed to purge the waters in the Dronfie ■ a,tholl 8 h ter ofthe upright Virgins Bower is effeftuall in any cold greefes,and that home gave th^leaves ^ fauh 1 thc L u ' a - the ^gue = an oyle made thereof is ufed to heale thofe that have aches f™ ! P T Parcd to he,pe come by cold as alfo to helpe the done and taprovokc urine: the Periwincle ija grSfb^Le^n ^ P f, ncs J thac both at the nofe and mouth if feme ofthe leaves be chewed, the French dee ufe it»^ftav^th-m!H,? 1 ^ eedm S* ptofcondes,Galen ,and sAigmeta commend it againfl the laske and fluxes ofthe belly to bee U ^ DU ' fo ' it is a tradition received with many, that a wriath made hereof and worne about the lees defenlv^f T C: the crampe. The ^.t^racor Virgin* Climer,although I have placed it among them for^the ma ^ t tl,em Proin yet is it of a farre differing quality, the liquor within the finite is very pleafant to the tafle of ,& mvm S> her were mixed with it, or as others fay. having a little aciditie within ° e '. ,s jf ¥ us ^c ' i . . . , • 3^ v> me injuwi wiuun uicuuircisvery picaiantto tneraft#* oo ax • . 5> bet were mtxed with it or as others fay, having a little aciditie with it, fo that i do eih n ! n ° r Aln ' though one take much thereof,nor giveth any bad fymptome, but is held rather to move the hel ^ t and make itToluble.^AW ,n his Farnefian Garden hath fet downe many vettue thereof “ y do "' I, ™ ards think then in verity which I thinke were rather others fantafies then of bis owne approbation^ -l™ t ' 1 judgement and tryall he faith the leaves ate of a fleepie property, duelling like untoNightS l mb ' S ° Wne all peradventure fomedelcteriall or deadly quality in them alfo,becaufefas he obfervedIthaS r m Vlng Were extingutfhed or ktld. 717 ci eooierveajthat flies reffmg on them Chap, XX. Apecynum Jive Periploca, Dogs bane. msswissaKa^S^ r n r ^uauLics, j nave lpoken c «nuft refer them forthedefcriptionthat ate defirous tote hT ifii Tr IB E ?• The Theater of Tlantes. Ck AF.20, I • Jtpot.ynum for folium non repent. Broad leafed or upright Dogs bane.- lfli barke.from whence arife divers wooddy .but flexible greenith branches, eafie to wmde.but very tough & hard' to breake,(landing for the mod part upright,and feldome trayling or laying hold of any thing that groWtth neare it, having two broad darkegreene leaves, but fharpe and not round at the points, fetatevery j'oynt all alon" but not very neare one unto another, full of veynes, fomewhat fofterthen (vie leaves, fomewhat thicke alio’ | 1 whofe ftalkes and branches being broken yeeld a pale yellow coloured milke ; but as ‘Dufconies and other wri- 9 ters fay,of a much deeper yellow, that is, in the warmer Countries; the flowers come forth at the /oynts with I the leaves, and at the tops three or foureor more fometimes (landing together, which confift of five (mall poin- I ted leaves, of a whitilh colour, yet larger then thofc of Afclepias or Swallowewort ; after which fin the hot¬ ter Climats, but never in ours that could be obferved) grow long crooked and pointed cods, fomewhat more hard and wooddy then thofc oM/c/rpna,although nothing fo much as thole of the Bofebay tree,called Oleander, ■ mod ufually two (landing together upon one (lalke, but levered at the fetting to the (hike, and are full of a fil- (i ken white downe.wherein lye difperfed many flat blackifh browne feedes: the roote groweth downe into the ; ground (preading into fundry branches, with divers ftnall fibres thereat, this loofeth not his branches, but leaves every yeare,new (hooting forth every fpring. a. sApocymtm anguftifi/iumfivc refens. Climing Dogs bane. The diming Dogs bane fendeth forth from the roote divers wooddy branches, yet tough and flexible, of a darke grayifh greene colour,and fometimes brownilh efpecially neare the ground, where it beareth no leaves ah ter it is growne of any bigneffe or height, which winde themfdves from the Sun ward (as in all that I have (eene I have obferved) to a very great height, twenty foote or more fometimes, if it finde whereon it may climbe higher, or elfe falling downe againe with his top, whereon (land at feverall gooddiflances, favingat the tops where they (land thicker letcogether, two leaves longer and narrower then the for- mer.and pointed at the ends,fomewhat thicke, and of a deepe greene colour almofl: fliining : the flowers Hand in the fame manner that the others doe, confiding of five thicks leaves, each of them pointed and fomewhat bending backwards, feeming to have two leaves a peece, one lying upon another, like untothofeof Epimedium or Barrenwort, the undermoft being greenifli and larger then the upper leaves, which lye upon them, and are not fo large to cover them wholly, but leave the greene brims, or edges of the lower leaves to bee feene round about them, which upper leaves are of a darke purple or reddifh colour, and cleave fo fad to the lower,that it is very hard to (eparate them : in the middle of each flower flandeth a greene pointed, incompaflcd with five darke yel¬ low chives, each of them turning inwards: after the flowers are fallen, appeare (in the warme countries, but not in ours) final 1 long cods, two alwayes j’oyncd together, but more (Iridlly then the other, bowing fomewhat more outwards in the middle, and meeting almofl together at the points, wherein lie fuch like flat (cedes, wrapped in the like filken downe: the roote fpreadeth in the ground like the other, and fometimes fendeth forth fuckers, whereby it is encreafed : this likewife loofeth his leaves but not his ftalkes in the winter,and gaineth f re(h in the fpring. 3. Apocynumanguflo fallen folio . Widow leafed Dogs bane. This other narrow leafed Dogs bane groweth up in the fame manner, thatthe laftdo:h,having twoleaves fet at every joynt ofthe climing twigs, but they are not fiJ thicke, butfomewhat thinner, and much narrower then they, almofl refembling the forme of a willow leafe, the flowers are like the other, and blow as late,loofing his leaves in the winter, in the (ame manner. 4. S' Apocynum reflum latifolium cj* angttflifolittm Americanumfive majv.i ch minus. The great and lefler upright American Dogs bane. Although I have in my former booke given you both the dclcription and figure of the greater (ort of theft Dogs banes by the name of T eriplaca Virginian*, Virginian filke.yet I think it not amide to mention ic here againe, & give you the full figure thereof,referring you to fee the defcription,&c-there,and with it to joyne a lefier fort which creepeth not with the rootes in the ground like it, but from many long fibres fhooteth forth a round browne (lalke about halfe a yard high, having at each joynt a paire of long narrow leaves, and fuch a large tuft of flowers at the top, but of a deeper purple colour, wh ch have a certaine clamminefle on them that will detaine flics or other light things that happen to fall thereon, after which come long and ftraight cods (not crooked like the greater fort hereof) with flat browne feeds therein lying in a white kind of downe, like unto AfcUpiat Swallowewort: this yecldeth a milky fap like the other, and thought to be both dangerous, although no true tryall hath beene made thereof. ■ b. Pfeudo apocynump irgimanum^liys Gel/eminum Americanum maximum flare pbaniceo, Virginian Iafmine. let me I pray you make bold to infert in this place to the reft this Indian, I intitle him with baltardy for the reafons hereafter fpecified, whofe defeription I give you in this manner. It fhooteth forth (iindry weake whitilh wooddy llemmes not able to luftaine themfelves without helpe of (lakes or fattening to fomc wall but fpreading exceeding high or farre, branching forth on all Tides into many fmall ones, at whofe j'oynts come forth long winged leaves fcaven or nine fet on a middle (lalke, each whereof is fomewhat broad and long poin- , L,l ted 585 ted and dented fomcwhat deepely about the edges, and of a fad grcene colour full of veincs, very neare refcm- a blingthe leaves of the great Germane Burner Saxifrage. This never bore flower with mce.nor any other that s hath it m our country that I could hcare of: but m the natural! place, as alfo beyond lea,at Rome ,and other warms c countries, it beareth a great tuft of flowers Together hanging downewards.each whereof is large and fomewhac S long, lomewhat like to the Foxglove, but rather Bell fafbion, fmall at the bottomc big in the belly, and wide 'i open at the mouth, cut in on the brims into five or fix lips as it were or divifions,ofafad Orenge oryellowifh red l| colour,with fome yellow threds,& a whitilh (file in the middleiafter the flowers are paft.arife hard/wooddy long ■ & fiattifh double edged crooked and pointed cods,containing within them a double row of flat,thin,tranfparanc I browne skinny and wmged feedes.with a thinnewooddy filme feparating them in the middle all the length of’ the cod: the roote grovveth not very deepebut fpreadeth,yet runneth not under ground, the leaves all lallmrr J a way from the branches every winter,and are renewed every fpring. By this that hathbeene faydyon may per- i ceive the reafon why I place it among thefe dangerous dimers,although it have no obnoxious or hurtfull quality therein for any thing I can learne,and doe not call it a lafmine as many others do,nor a Honyfuckle as our tnglifl, J Colonie at Virginia hrlt did, nor a Bell flower as firce they have done, nor yet place it with the other Climbs in i the laft Chapter, fcecaufe of the pods with feede,neither yet doe I entitle it Gdfimlr.nm heeleraceum Indicum as I that good French goofe doth, whofe horned name is prefixed to his worke ofgreat judgement no doubt to make ■ ic beare an Ivy title that hath io little relemblance thereto. The Place. The firft groweth in Syria and thofc Eaflerne countries, the other groweth in Italy, in Apulia and Calabria in li thekmgdome ofMip/rr: the third likely groweth in Italy, the feede being lent from thence,as alfo in E m t. I the three lalt lorts came all from our Englilh plantations in America, 3 ' The Time . oiSptcmhT Very laK in the yeare> ifthcy fl0WCr at a "' that is,notunti11 the end and to the middle , The Names . It is called in Gretke K^am, and ■ Apocymm and Cynmertm, quia canis mterficit : Diofcorides faith it i was a lo called of divers in his time Cymnambt, Braffica cam-aa, but it is an extravagant name not fit,and AH rim, reriploca of divers ; which is as well a word, common to all forts of herbes, that clime up and wind tbemfelves about trees, and other things as peculiar to thefe called Pedpleca, whofe Alexlpharmacnm or counterpoyfon is the Vtncetoxicum or Afc/epia>, as the Author a is unto the Thor a, and Her ha Pans unto Par da lianches. F alius J Coltmma feemeth to doubt, that the Herbarifts and A pothecaries in Italy did take the Apocnum of ‘Diofiorides, i in their Medicines, which is deadly,in (lead of Afilepiat .and that they did not know the true Afiepias of Diofio- unto whole defcription that which is called Afilepiat with them and us doth not agree,for a!thou"h it hath I a number of rootes, yet they doc not ftnell well, (as Diofiorides faith the rootes of his AfclepLu fhould doe) nor yet hath it feeds like nntoS ecHridaca Hatchet Teeth, but hath leaves, flowers, cods, with fiiken downe, andi Tribe' 5. The Theater ofTlantes. Chap.21, 787 fcede in them, like unto the ApocynumotDiofcarides, and differing in nothing.but in the milkye juice it yeel- deth • which’as he faith, in that, is white likemilke ("but Diofcarides faith; that his Apocyrmm giveth a yellow - juice or milkej and in this, is of a pale yellow colour like unto the poyfon of the viper, that fticketh in the gums of his teeth; which he 'fajth he hath often fhewed to his friends, to fhew them the likelihood of danger fo'be in their Afclepias, which yeeldeth fuch a-likely poyfon, or at the lead to caufe them to be more cautelous in tire ufe 1 0 f it : but affuredly if their *sffclepty(\vhich is the fame with ours called alfo Vincetoxicum as I thinke) doe give a yell'owifh milke.yet doth it not in our Country,neither the white nor black: he faith alfo,that the latter writers i have fet forth divers forts of Apocyrtem under the name of Afclepias of Diofcarides, for that they doe not know, L n 0 r havd feene the true Afclepias ol Dibfmides, unktt'chis Apocynnmmd Afclepias be all one, fet forth in divers places,, and by divers names: thus farre Fabius CoUmnd, led away onely by the light of that yellowifh milke in 5 their Afclepias ; which as youheare he acknowledged! nottobe theright(howfoever the ufe thereof was fre- 1 quent with them, and might be as he acknowledged! alfo, a counterpoifon as the true Afclepias' ls accounted) I but rather an Apocyrmm: but I thinke he did not thorowly conlider that the true kindes of Apocymsm, have all of i them wooddy, yet pliant branches, as Diofcarides giveth to his Apocynttf, fit tobinde any thing, which abide and t dye not downe to the ground, as all the forts of Afclepias doe, which is the true note to diltinguifh the Apocy. 7mm from Afclepias. The names of them all, as they are in their titles here fet downe, doe little or nothing vary, from thofe that all other writers give them, fome calling them Apocyrmm, and fome Periploca, and therefore I reede nor I thinke, make any further repetition of their divers appellations, onely the fourth ’Bsmkimn calleth as 1 doe, and takethittobp.alfothed'ec«»wOT zAsgyptiornm ofAlpitms, and thefecond fort of the fecond kinde_of Apocyrmm of Clafnss : thy laff, becaufe of the wooddy pods with the manner of the diming, mooveth me rather to joyne it to thpjfe,although I know not of any evill quality therein, and therefore give it a baftard name. J The Vertiset . . . There is no property herein fit for the ufe of mans body, appropriated by any, either ancient or moder'ne wri¬ ters, for the place in Tliny, lib. 24. c. 11. is miflaken or fcarfe to be beleeved, where he faith thefeede of A- pecymtm taken in water, lielpeth the pleurefye, and all paines of the lider, (unlefle he (thought it to be, like the hangman that can doe as much,) and yet afterwards faith it killeth dogges, and all foure footed bealts, being gi¬ ven them in their meate, for Galen faith it is a poyfon to man, and being ofaftrongfentitis hot, and that not in a meane degree, although it is not drying in the fame, and is not to be ufed but outwardly, to difcnlTe humours. Clufins faith, that the mod illuftrous Prince, William Landtfgraved Hejfen ,in appointing his Phyfitions to make tryall of the Term Silefiaca ;which was taken at Strega, whether it had thofe properties to expell poyfcuis, as they that brought it to fell reported of it, caufed divers poyfons to be given to dogs, as Arfnickc, Napelltn, or Helmet flower, and Oleander or the Rofe bay, and this Dogs bane afto; which foever of thofe dogges, had that earth given’tohim in drinke, did after fome fits or paflions recover, but thofe that had none thereof given them dyed all, but none fo fpeedily as thofe that had this Dogs bane givefi unto them, yet Ten.-, and Lobel in their Ad~ ■verfaria, fpeaking of that kind of Dogs bane, faythus; If it be death toa dogge that hath eaten it, it is proba¬ ble that it is Apocyrmm (for in their title, they make a doubtthereof) o(T) iofeorides : but fay they, wee have it for certaine, and of long time found true by experience and tryall, that this is a counterpoyfon againft other forts of poyfon given to dogges, thus you fee the reports of thcle two are flat contrary, the one unto another, fo that which of them to heleeve, I leave to every one, as they thinke good : peradventnre, this .their Periploca. Green folijs laticrib-M hederaceis, (for fo they call it) is the fame vulgar or common Afclepias, that Fab ins Cohsm - 71a faith, wasufedin-ta/y, as is be fore laid, zndnotthat Apocymim re Slim otChifins. C hap. XXI. Afclepias five Vincetoxicum. Afclepias or Swallow-wort. Aving now fhewed you all the Venemous Plants, as alfo thofe that procure fleepe,and thofe that ars hurtfull and dangerousdet me now fhew you alfo thofe that are accounted Counterpoyfons,to thofe deadly or dangerous herbes, as alfo to other forts of Venome or poyfon,and yet not all,for fome are difperfed in this worke, in the feverall Claffes thereof, and fome are fpoken of in my former booke, as you may there find.The firft of them that I (hall fet forth unto you is the Swallow-wort, becaufe it is fo like unto the Dogs- bane in the lait Chapter,and is his Antidote, whereof there are three forts as follow¬ ed!.' I, ,.-,: i. Afclepias fore albo. Swaliow-wort with white flowers. ThisSwallow-wortrifethupwithdiversflendcrweakeflalkes; to be two or three foote long not eafi" to breake, fcarfe able to (land upright, and therefore for the mod part, leane or lye downe upon the ground, if tt find not any thing to fultaine it, and fometimes will twine themielves.about it, whereon arefet two leaves at the joynts, being fomewhat broad and long pointed at the end, of a darke greene colour, and imooth ai the. edges: at the joynts with the leaves towards the toppesofthe ftalkes, and at the toppes themfelves, come forth divers fmall white flowers, confiding of five pointed leaves apeece, ofan heavy fweet fent; after which come fmall long pods, tbicke above and growing leffe and leffe to the point, wherein lye fmall flatbrowne feede, wrapped in a great deale of white filken downe, which when the pod is ripe, openeth of it felfe, and fheddeth both feed and cotten upon the ground, if it be not carefully gathered: this yeeldeth no milke either white or yellow in our Country as the Dogs bane doth, in any that I have obferved,buta thinne watery juice; the rootes are a great bufh, of many white firings fattened together at the head,fmdling fomewhat firong while they are frefh and greene, but more pleafant when they are dryed : both leaves and ftalkes, dye downe every yeareto the ground,and rife anew in the Spring of the yeare, when the ftalkes at their firftfpringing are blackiilr browns. 2. Afclepias fore nigro. Swallow-wort with blacke flowers. The blacke S wallow-wort groweth in thefarae manner that the former doth, having his long {lender rough branches, rife to a greater height then the other, and twining themfdves about whatfoever ftandeth next unto Lit ! 1 them, having fach like darke greene leaves fet by couples, but fomewhat fmaller then they : the flowers like- wife (land in the fame falhion, but fomewhat fmaller alio and of fo darke a purplifh colour, that it feemeth to be a blacke, and are fcarfe difeerned unleffe one looke very earncftly upon them: after which come more plen¬ tifully then in the former, fuch like cods, with a white filver downe, andiccdesinthemas in the former: the rootes hereof are not lo bufliye as in the other, neither fmell fo ftrong, nor doth it give any milkic but a watery juice whenit is broken, fofarreas ever Icouldobferve. 3 . Afclepias Cretica. Swallow-wort of Candy. This Candy Swallow-Wort, rifethupin the fame falhion that the former doe, with many (lender flexible greene branches, with leaves fet at the joynts, on either fide, as the white kinde hath, and are very like unto them, but fomewhat of a paler greene colour; the flowers (land in the fame manner, three or foure together uponaftalke, but are fomewhat of a paler white colour, notfo white as they, to whom fucceede fometimes but one, but moil ufually two pods together, which are thicker and (hotter then thofe ofthe white kinde, (Ira. ked all along, and double forked at the ends, wherein lye feedes and filke as in the former : the rootes have not fo many (Irinas as the laft, and have as well as the reft of the Plant, a ftrong fmell refembling Boxe leaves. The Place. • The two firft grow in roogh untilled places,and in mountaines in divers places, both in Trance about Narbone, Mitrfeillcs and Mempelier, and in Italy alfo, and in other places. The laft grew in Candy from whence the feed came. The Time . Thev all flower in the moneths oflune and luly, and fometimes not untill Augufl, if the yeare be backc ward, and their cods with feede is ripe about a moneth after: the empty huskes abiding on the dry branches, when the feed and filke is fhed out, and fallen on the ground, or blowne away with the wind. The Names. It is called in Greeke <«**»<« Afclepitts,ah t^fculapie, qui dmhmdt Gratis dicitrtr antique medicine: doliere: fomebaftard names it hath alfo, is raesiSv quaf hederula,vcii»esefdM hederefolium : and thereupon or from the forme of the leaves like unto Ivy: Ruellim calleth it Hederalis, in Latine it is called ufually Afclepias and Vixce- toxiatm , which is as a gcncrall word to denom inate any Counterpoif on, for Vincetexicum quaf Alexipharmacum dilhim, & quod illi mfieri: adverfui venentt vis inft ft. was anciently called fjirundinariti,( although both the kindes ofChelidonittm majut and minus, be alfo called Hirundimria ) otfome, quia acute: &apertete]tu flique, cum cm- dida lanxgine volanti hirundixifere ftmilit el?, ali} vero a femme Unugine pinnate, it a did Aunt : that is, it is cal¬ led Swallow-wort of fome, becaufe the pointed cods when they are open; and the filke appeareth out of them, doe fomewhat refemble a Swallow flying; others fay from the likeneffe ofthe feed, fethered as it were with the downe about it_: it is called in ItalianVenci tajftco & Afclepiade , in high 'Dutch SchwaHen mtrtz, in low Lb T R ibe.1, The theater of 'Plants. Chap.22. 389 Dutch Swalmvewortel, and in Englijb Swallow-wort, and of fome filken Cicely.- It is generally by the molt writers, and mod judicious Herbariils now a dayes, acknowledged tobethetrue Afclepias of Diofeorides, al- 1 . though Anpuillara doubteth ofit; and Matthiolm denieth it and contefteth againft Fttchfius that faid it was Vin- tetoxicum, For firft concerning the leaves,to be like Ivye,as Diofeorides faith and long as it is in fome copyes, buc ; O rib a fins as he faith hath it not fo ; and CMarcellus doth thereunto agree,led peradventure as he faith,by the fight ! of fome ancient copies,the leaves being like unto Bay leaves,but (harper pointedjfccondly that the flowers had no : ftrong or evil! fent; thirdly that the leaves and rootes,did not fmell fweet; and lalUy,the feede was not like thofe i of Pe/ecittstm Securidaca^hc Hatchet Fetchjall which Dodons.a- retorteth faying,all his exceptions and reafons are |i nothing worth, but I may fay all Diofeorides hiscomparifonsarenotfoftricktly to be ftucke unto; for in the de- 1 fcription of the cods of Apocynupi, he faith,they are like Beane cods,when as all know they are more like the cods of Oleander-, and in the delcrlption of the leaves of T> ericlymenum he faith they are like thofe of Ivy,unto whom they are in all mens j'udgtment very little like, and fo in a number of other things: Concerning the rootes, Matthiolm faith,that an ancient Manufcript hath not the word otmm multas, but t&mt tenues , but which of them boch is taken doth not much alter the matter: but that they are not fweete, no man that hath his fence of fuel¬ ling perfect, can fay fo, if he feele their fent, as they grow naturally in the Monntaines,- and for the evill fmell of the flowers, the word^pla^ww redolent, is not in all things of one equality : and for the feede although it be not as fquareasth t SecuridAca, yet is flat, and in colour and bigneffe like it. Fabius folmma as it is fee doWnein the Chapter before,tooke the Italian Afclepias, to be rather Apocymtm ofDiofcorides-.md Lobel alfo cal- : leth theblacke Swallow-wort Periploca minor, belike becanfe itrifeth higher,and clambereth like a Periploca, or more then the white : or peradventure becaule of the blacke flowers,but I (hewed you before the chiefeft note, to know Afclepias from Periploca or Apocymm. There is little variation in the denominations of thefe plants by any writers, more then is here expre(fed,fome calling them by the one, and (ome by the other name, and there¬ fore not worthy further trouble. The UcYtues, The rootes have a mod foveraine quality againft all poyfons, but in particular as is faid before, againft: the 'Apccyniim or Dogs bane; It is eft'eftually given to any that arebitten by any venemous bead, or ftunge by any Serpent or other Creature ; as allb againft the biting of a mad dogge, adramme and a halfe thereof taken in Cardw 'Bmcditlw water, for divers dayes together: (t is taken alio in wine every day againft the Plague or Pe- flilence: adramme thereof taken in Sorrell or Buglofle water is very cfteftuall againft all the pa (lions of the heart, if a few Citron feedes be taken therewith, taken in the fame manner and meafure, itcaleth all the griping paines in the belly : the decoftioii of.the rootes, made with white wine, taken for divers dayes together, a gooddraughtatatime, and (wearing prefently thereuponcureththedropfie - thefamealfo helpeth the jaun- dife, provok.eth urine, and eafeth the cough and all defefts ofthe cheft and lunges ■■ the powder of the rootes taken with Peony feede, is good againft the falling fickenefle, or with Baffin leede or the rinde of Pomecitrons is good againft Melancholly : and taken with the rootes of DiBamnus albus or Fraxinella, ballard Dittany, will kill and cxpell the wormes ofthe maw or belly (the rootes are very efteiftually uled with other things, made for bathes for women to fit in, or Over, to eafe all paines of the mother, and to bring downe their courfes : the de- coflion likewife of the rootes hereof,and of Cumfbye made with wine,is much commended to hclpe thofe that are burden or have a rupture, alfo for them that have beene bruifed by a fall, orotherwife: the powder of the rootes or leaves, is no leffe cfteftuall to clenfe all putride rotten and. filthy ulcers and fores wherefoever, then’ the rootes of Arifiolocbia or Birthwort, andmayfafely be ufed in all Calves," Vnyttents and lotions , made for fuch purpofes, in the ftead thereof, the one for the other : the leaves and flowers boyled and made into a pultis, and applyed to the hard tumours or fwellings of womens breafts, cureth them fpeedily, as alfo fuch evill fores as happen in the matrix, although they be inveterate or bard to be cured : the downe that is found in the cods of thefe herbes, as well as in the Dogs bane, doe make a farre fofterftu!ling for cufhions or pillowes or the like, then Thiflle downe, which is much ufed in fome places for the like purpofes. Chap. XXII. FlerbaParis. Herbc True love or one berry.’ Elides the ufuall and knowne Herba parit, I have two other herbes like thereunto, to bring to your confideration, which 1 thinke is fit to take up the roome here. The ordinary Herba Parises Herbetrue love hatha fmail creeping roote, of a little binding, but unpleafant loathfome tafte, running here and there, under the upper cruft of the ground, fome- what like a Couch grade roote, but not fo white, and not much lelfer then the roote of the white, wild Anemone, andalmoftofas darkc a colour, but much like thereunto [in creeping: (hooting forth ftalkes with leaves, fome whereof carry no berries, and others doe, every ftalke being 1'mooth without j'oynts, and blackifh greene, riling to the height of halfe a foote at the mod, if itbeare berries (for mod: commonly thofe that beare none, doe not rife fully fo high) bearing at the toppe fonre leaves, fe tdiredlly one againft another in manner ofacroffe, or a lace,or ribben, tyed as it is called, in a true Loves knot, which are each of them apart fomewhatlikeuntoaNightfhadeleafe, but fomewhat broader (yea in fome places twice as broad as in others, foritwiil mnch vary, )fometimes having but three leaves, fometimes five, and fometimes fixe, and fometimes fmaller and fometimes larger, either by a quarter or halfe, or as I faid before, twife as great: I have feene ic alfo degenerate, that the foure leaves being twife as large as the ordinary, have beene dented in, both at the edges and points, which have beene parted or forked, (and have borne greater berries then the ordinary) all which are of a frefh greene colour, not dented about the edges: in the middle of thofe foure leaves, there riferh up a fmail (lender ftalke about an inch high,bearing at the toppe thereofone flower fpread open like a ftarre, con¬ fining of foure fmail and narrow long pointed leavesjof a yellowilh greene colour,and foure other lying between L g them 39° ChaP.22, Tbeatrum 'Botamcum them letter then they ; in the middle whereof ftgndeth a round darke purplifh button or head, compaffed about with eight fmall yellow mealy chives or threds, which three colours make it the moreconfpicuous, and lovely to behold : this button or head in the middle, when the other leaves are withered, becommeth a blackifh purple berry full of juice, of no hot nor evill, nor yet of any fwectifh tafle, ofthebigneffe ofa reafonable grape, ha- ving within it many white feedes i the whole plant is almolt infipidc, without any manifeft tafte, "and by the effects, in reprelling humours and inflammations is accounted as cold as the Nightfhade. a. Herb* parit triphyllos ‘Brajili.ino, Hcrbe true Love ot BrafW. ' The roote of this herbe is fmall and creepeth like the other/ending forth a (lender ftalkc of foure or five inches high,having three broader and longer leaves fet thereon,then are in the fornier.the (lalke rifethabout three inches above them,bearing at tl« top three muchnarrower leaves,as it were the huske to the flower,(landing in the mid¬ dle, confiding of three white leaves having feme veincs in them, and are about three inches long, and one broad. 3. Herb* Parit Canadenfu rotunda radice. Herbe true love of Canada with a round roote. This herbe groweth with three large leaves like the lad, and at the toppe of the upper ftalke one flower, con¬ fiding offixe leaves, three whereof are greenc and fmall, which are as it were the huske to the other three leaves which are larger and longer, ofa darke purple colour, and in fome white, in the middle whereof groweth a fmall round blackifh berry, full offmall feedes like Nightfhade feeder the roote hereofcreepeth not as the for¬ mer, but groweth into a fmall round tuber. The Place, The fird groweth in our woods and copfes, as alfofomctimes in the corners and borders of fields, and wade grounds, in very many places of this land, for beddes thofe places which Gerard hath fet downe, which areal- mod all waded and confirmed, every one running thereunto, that is next him, and gathering it-- it is found in Hinburj wood, three mile from cMaideftone in Kent, in a wood alfo called Harwarfli , neere to Pinmnden heath, onemile from the (aid ATaidefione ,in a woodby Cbiflclhurft in Kent ,called Long wood,and in the next wood thereunto called Ifeets wood, efpecially about the skirts ofa hoppe garden bordering thereon, in a wood alfo over againd BoxTy Abbay a mile from Maideftone in great abundance, not farre from the hedge fide of that Med- dow,through which ruunes a rivelet,related by M r,George B owlet a young Gentleman, of excellent knowledge in thefe things. The fecond was found as Bauhtnm faith in the woods of Brajilfaut I had the knowledge thereof given me from Mcunfier Loumeau of Rocbell Preacher!who had it out of Canada, The lad was brought out of Canada, and mentioned by Corunttu in his booke of Canada plants. The Time , They fpring up in the middle of Aprill, or May, and are in flower foone after, the berries are ripe in the end of May, and in fome places in Iune, The T R IB B 5. The Theater of 'P[antes. Ckap.q^, The Names. This herbeParis hath not beeneknowne, tocither antientGreeke or Latine Writers, that wee can finde ly their writings. It hath found therefore divers names, by divers of the moderne Authours, every one according ashis opinion and judgement led him : for although Matthiolm, Cafatpimu,Angmlhra, CsmerariuifDodontw, and Lugdunenfij following them, doc call it Her ha Paris, as it is now generally termed of all Herbarifts; yet in the former times, Fu/chm, tooke it to be Aconitum Pardalianches, and to be deadly or at Icaft dangerous, whom Mattbiolasc ontradifteth, and Cordm in his Hiflory ofplanrs.fecmcthto be of Fu/jchia opinion,calling it Aconi¬ tum five Pardahanche, monococcon, but becaufe it was found by good experience not to be hurtfull, but helpefull, Tabermontanw calleth it Aconitum falutifcrxm. Some called it Vvavcrfa.Traom not knowing any Latinename, thatothers called it by, giveth it the name of After, from his owne count!* people, -who called it itenkraut, but he addeth thereunco,/ed non Atticw, becaufe it might be knowne, lie did not account it the softer Aniens of \ T)iofcorides,mi others: he alfo calleth itVva lupins, afier the Germane word mlffibeer, whereby they in other places ufually call it ;asalfo«»£m- : the Italians call it HerbaTarti ; the Spaniards Centelha ■ the French Haifinde Reinard ■ the Dutch Wolfebrfien,anA Spirmecesppen. Gefnerin bonis Cjermnnie, and Lobe I ,nd P. rna in their Adver- fttria, call it Solatium tet'raphyllon, from the forme of the leaves and berries, or both and Bauhinm as leaning unto their judgement, calleth it Solatium quadrifolium Bacnferum. 1 lie fecond Bauhimt, calleth Solatium triphyttum Brafilianum ; and I Herba Tari, triphylles Brafiliana, becattle I doe not account the Herba Pari, to be any kinde of Solatium'. The lad Cornum calleth Solanum triphyllnm Canadenfe. The Vertues. Although fome formerly did account this lierbe to be dangerous, if not deadly, as by the name of Aconitum, it may be gathered, becaufe the forme thereof bred in them fuch afufpition, yet have not let downe any evill Sym- tomes that it wrought, and therefore Pena and Label fay, they made much trial! thereof upon dogs,& other crea¬ tures, to finde out whether it would workeany dangerous effe&sunto them, but did not fee any harme come to them that had eaten it,and therefore upon report of the contrary effecfl it would worke, they made triall likewife thereof upon two dogs,to whom was given of Arfenicke mdSubhmatnm.oi each halfe a dramme in meate,unto one of them,about an houre after their taking of it,when their furious & foming fits were over,that they become more quiet, as if they were ready to die,there was given one of them, two drammesot th,. pouder called Tuhi, Saxomcus, ( the receipt whereof hereafter followeth) in red wine, who prefcntly thereupon grew well, the other dying without helpe-.the receipt of the pouder is thus.Ref .Radicum Angelica fanvx <5- fylvefiri, Vincetoxici, Thu five pfalerianss majoris, Polypodij quercini, Althea &Vrtica ana unciamdimidtam. Cornet, Mefern Germanic,, drachmas duos,granorum herbs 'Pariah mtmero 14. f oliorum cjufdem cum toto names-0 3 (t.exradicibut p" centre in acetomacerati,,ficcatis tit cateri, pr mixtitfial omniumpulvis the leaves or berries alone are alfo effeftuall, to ex- pell poifons of all forts, but efpecially that of the Aconites, as alfo the plague and other infectious difeafes: it hath beene obferved faith Matthioltu, as well from my owne experience, as from Baptijla Sardus, the Author that enlarged the Pandeffs, that fome have beene holpen hereby, that havelyen long in a hngring (ickneflc, and othersthatby Witchcraft fas it was thought) were become halfe fooliih, as wanting their wits audiences, by the taking a dramme of the feedes, or the berries hereofin pouder, evtry day for twenty dayes together, wmre perfeftfy rcllored to their former good eftate, and health : the leaves dried and given in pouder, have the like operation,yet in a weaker manner ;it is thought alfo that the berries procure flcepc,being taken at night in drink: therootesin pouder eafe the paines of the collicke incontinently,being taken in wine : ti e leaves are very cftc- fhialfas well for greene wounds, as to clenfe and heale up old filthy ulcers and fores, and is very powerfull to difculfe all tumours and fwellings,and to allay all inflammations very fpeedily,as alio thofe tumours thathappen in the cods, privy parts, or in the groine: the juyee or diftilled water of the leaves, taketh away all heate and inflammation in the eyes: the fame leaves alfo or their juyee applied to fellons, or thofe nailes of the ‘lands or toes, that have empoflumes or fores gathered togetf&r at the rootes of them, htaleth them in a fh rt lpace. Chap. XXIII. 'Biflortu. Biflort or Snakeweede. Here be diverfe forts of Biftorts, fome being of late, others of elder account. I I. TLflorta major vulvar !,'Common Biftortc or Snakeweeke. This common Biftort hath a thicke fhort knobbed roote, blackifh without, and fomewhEt red- 1 , difh within, a little crooked or turned together, ofanharfli or aftungentta e, wi rs ac ifla fibres growing thereat, from whence fpring up every yeare divers leaves flan 11 g,P flalkes,being fomew'hat long and broad, very like unto a Docke leafe, and a little pointy a > ‘ is ofa blewifh greene colour on the upperfide,and ofan Afh colour gray, and a littt p p > ‘ ving divers vcincs therein ; from among which rife up diverfe ftnall and flender flalkes, t g . mo naked and without leaves, or with very few,and narrower, bearing a fpikie bulk of p 1 w , which being pall, there abideth fmall feede fomewhat like unto Sorrell (cede but greater. 2. Biflort a maqis intorta radice. Biftort with more crooked rootes. _ This Biftort differeth not much from the former, being a little Ieffe, both in leafe and roote which are more Writhed and crooked than the former ; the Spikie flowers, fkc. arcequall alfo, almoll unto mem, and lo is the three fquare feede. 2. •%; Ilona Alpha major*. Great Mounraine Biftort The great Biftort hath many very long and pointed leaves, of the fame colour with the firft, both above and underneath, fome ofa cubite or a foote and a halfe long,and but narrow m companion of the length, being about three inches broad, thefe flalkes rife almoll twife as high as the firft, almoll bare without leaves thereon, which are much (mailer, bearing a (pike of blufti flowers, foure inches long at the toppes: the roote is foure times ig- gerthan the common fort, blacke without, with many blacke fibres at them,but not fo red within as the ■ rather whitifh. ‘ 39 1 392 Ch ap, 23 Tkeatrim Botanicum . 1 RIB E. 3 . 4. Biflortaminormfiras. Small Biftorcofourowne Gountric. This fmall Briftortt fendeth forth three or foure fmail narrow leaves, fcarfe an inch broad, and almoll foure i inches long, greenc above, and gray underneath; the flalkes are (lender, and but with one or two leaves fee thereon, at the toppes whereof (land fmall long round fpikie heads of white flowers, with diverlc fmall greene t leaves among them ; after which come a reddjfh feede almoll round, which being drie, become blackifh, and ; are bigger than thofeof the firft : the roote is fmall in proportion, but lomewhat crooked or turned like the com- mon kinde,being oi a blackifh colour without, and fomewhat whitifh within, of the fame auflcr binding tafte that the relUuth. ’ ' 5. Bifiortaminor A/pina. Small Biftort of the Alpes. This fmall Biflorthath broader leaves, and not fo long as the lad, the tuft of flowers likewifeat the toppe is 1 clofer let together,in other things not differing. r 6 . Bifiorta Alpinapnmilavaria. Variable leafed fmall Bilfort. This Bilfort hath not onely two or three broad and (hort almoll round leaves pointed at the ends, but two or three very narrow and long leaves alfo with them comming from the roote, theftalke is fcarfe an hand 1 breadth high, with many luch whitifh flowers thereon as are in theotherfmallor.es. The 'Plate. 1 he two firll grow at the foote of hills, and in the (hadowie moifl woods neare unto them, in many places of Germany ; and in our countrie likewife in the like places, butchiefely isnouriflied up in gardens. The third growethonthe high hills in bil'fia, and other places: the fourth groweth efpecially in the North, as i- r — cxJhire,rorkeJhire, and Cumberland in diverlc places. The two lalt are found likewife on the Alpcs in places, but the lalt among the Switzers. The Time. They all flower about the end of May, and the feede is ripe about the bemnnim? of Inly. / The Names, 3 / It is called generally ’Bifiorta, ejuodradiceinfeferpentit mode comma, & convoluta confiet, otTrdgw, Lojcerusi and others (fiolubrina, from the Cj nonane title of Schlan^entpnrtaoel and 'dfiattertourtzjel • of Fufchiiu Serpentaria, cjuodvenenoforitm ferpemium iltibia fuccurrit: of Refiner in hortU (jermanu Limmitm. Fracaftorim calleth it Bn. lapathum, as well as Bifioru1. Lobelmi Clufitu thinke it may be Britannic* oiDiofcorides and Pliny. Baahinut calleth the firll, 'Bifiorta major radice minus intorta. Some call it Behen rnbrum, others take it to be C Molybden* of Phm. Some alfo doe take it to be the fecond Dracunculut 0 f blac1 ^ on the outfidcand fomewhat reddifh wiihinj The Plate, The common fort groweth as well in woods and (Ladowie olaces as in flip . , - m4m%tSS • . The Time. They doe all do wer in die Sommer, from the beginning to thtf end, but the laft is lateft. The Names, It hath beene not fer forth,by any of the antient Greeke or Latine Wrirerc ^ u„u i„ ♦ . ~ -■ , from the forme Hevtavbyllvm, or S ept,folium Setfoile or Ceven °^ tainec ^ a name not leaven leaves, but the number is feven of the divifio’ns of every lea fc • for tofneake' y ’ -° • ^ Ieafe, cut into five or fevendivi ions, and not feven leaves: for this isa oVneral rnleL V ’ K1 ° hl } tone c herbes or of trees that what Ieafe, fallech away wholly together with histtalkc and not in parteltnd^tfem^ times, is but one leafe. Whether winged as we call it, as the leaves of the Afhtree th, FmL 1 311 Horfe Chefnut .VirghA,Sumdcks, fcc.the great Centory, Agrimony Daneworr Pa . ^allnut tree, Cmkefo’Ies.and this Setfoile,in herbesifur in all thefe and the like.the whole ftalkc, whh’The Ieaves^falSfawav together, and not any part of thofe leaves at onetime, and part at another, as in all other trees'and herbes that w' 10t 7 ‘ ngcd / mded ’ ? 1 \ hoU sV h,3 T rati ° n be fonlewllac P rolixc “d extravagant" yeTl hope^o fome good purpofe, in regard the ufe thereof, may be profitable to voune Hcrbarifk rW 5 “ P j C j not fo much beforeithe firft is called TormentilU and offome“ S^from rh, L Tl °l rega, ' de 1 yet there are divers other herbes called Stelhtria, L OM “wed in th from the efticacie and colour of the root.The Second Camerarm mhoru^tfT^tntUufhPT^Am^r'^ T~IU Alpina vultaris major. The lad is very variably entituled by diver sJpZPhLjTa PtlPT guilUra , Pntaphyllim Atpnum petmfum & minimum by Lobcl.PentaphUum tetrsiim IPaIt,' ^Ct I, ° ~ .Ctfalpim, takech it to be AkhiMU a/urumamu r /and Clufm femewhat leaneth tit 7 it cptaphyllort. Tragiu talceth it to be the true Pcntaphyllum of Diofioridcs and 7 beophratlw becaufe ki/found as often almoil to have but five leaves as feaven ; and 9 >fnnm it is very ltolno bethe^tf 7 * f ^“77 * 71 ? 1 ? and of Lu Z d ™"f“ TorPentilU candid, t halcchampij-. Mpim flora frill lloPPPPPfPPPrV-l Tb IP ?n PA ^7 f"*'*" callcth ^ormJtilU j f ■ ■ J r . X. un } C a 10 “ oe tniRkc it is Chryfoeonum oiiDiofcondes , but thereof he hath Km- o , rP n. runrr delcription, laying C^^bniheth thickely with Oaken leaves, whofe flower “very hkc umo l^ 7 ^nSke° 0t n e /;hc r r e //e k fl e : TUr f ePPC r' Ti!^ Within “ d ^ke wu^C*' h/£^ the Veibajcmn Corln.mum ("which /thoughtTobe the ^Lyih'mPcormPrm Rofeca'mpionwtth 'the re^fiowerT The Theater of ‘ Plants. Chap.25. 395 Tribe.3. __ ; ft a^d^Mfflower for garlaUd^for no other Verhafcum is knovvne to be put to that Life) nddieris theroote L a Turneppe whereby you may fee what great difference there is, betweene this and that: But the true C hrj- Zomm of wifio. rides,Ranwoljinm found among the come fields, not fane horn i Aleppo m S jna, as L*gto**fis lletteth it forth, in his Appendix to the generall Hiftory c*. Plants; and fom alfo.fheweth in his Indian defenp- ; non of Mount B*Um, as you (hallhave it more fully in his proper place : the Germans a\\ it Btmrmrtvll and c Rttwortvtll, that is, radix Sangm»ana, and radix rubra . and fome after the Latin sTormntiH, as molt of the 1 other Nations doe. -jUVmu's. | Tormentill is of the fame temperature and qualitie, that Biftort is, which hath caufed divers to account it a kinde thereof,being cold in the fecond, anddriein the third degree, and therefore molt excellent to flay all kindes of fluxes of bloud or humors, in man or woman,whether at the nole, mouth, belly, or any wound in the i veincs, or any where elfejthe juyee of the herbe or roote taken m drinke not only refifteth all poyfon or venome of any creature, but of the plague and peltilence it felfe, and peltilentiall leavers, and inteftious difeales, as the | nockcs meafells, purples, &c. by expelling the venome and infeftton from the heart by fweatmgnf the greene r roote, ‘ is not at handfor not to be had readily, the powder of the drle roote Is as effeftuall to the purpofes afore- faid to ta ke a dramme thereof every morning •. the decoftion likewife of the herbes and rootes made in wine, and drinke, worketh the fameeffeff, and fo doth alio the diddled water of the herbe and roote, rightly made and prepared, which is to fleepe them in wine for a night, and then diftihed in this water m this 1 manner prepared taken with lome Verier Treakle, and thereupon being prefcntly laid to fweate will certameiy i bv Gods helpe expell any venome or poyfon, or the plague, or any fever or horror, or the (halting fit that hap- t rieneth, for it is an ingredient of efpeciall refpeft in all antidotes or counterpoyfons, never to be forgotten out of them, it is fo effeftuall in the operation agatnft the plague ; yea it is laid that good fhepheards doe carefully : nreferve this herbe, and give it their Shcepc for the rot, and many other dilealcs in them : for there is not found ! anv roote, more effeftuall to helpe any fluxe of the belly, ftomacke, fpleene, or bloud than this, prepared alter 1 what manner one will, to be taken inwardly or applied outwardly : thejuyeetaken doth wonderfully open the 1 obftruftions of the liver and lungs, and thereby certainely helpeth the yellow jaundiie in a fhort (pace Some I there be that ufe to make cakes hereof, as well to ftay all fluxes,as to reft raine all cholltncke belchings,and much i vomitings with loathings in the ftomacke; in this manner, take the powder of the roote, and ot a peece ot a Nutmegbeaten.made up with the white of an egge and as much mealc of Oates, as ad of them come unto, which bein" baked, is to be taken every morning one, untill you findc helpe: or the powder-of the rooteonely, made up with the white of an egge, and baked upon an hot tile and fo taken. Andrew Voltjim diradxrCh.m.png. 84. holdeth this opinion thereof, that the decoftion of the roote is no leffe effeftuall to cure the French poxe, then Gttxiacum or China \ becaufe it fo mightily refifteth putrefaftton: Lohel faith that Kmdelct. w ufed it in the [lead or after in the fame manner, that he ufed HermodaRUa for joint aches: the powder alfo, or the decoftion to be drunke, or to fit therein as in a bath, is an affined remedy agamft abortion in women, that is, when they ule to mifearrie often in childbearing, if it proceede from the over fluxibihtie or weakeneffe of the inward retentive faculties, as alfo a plaifter made therewith and vinegar, applied to the reines of the backe doth much helpe; it doth much helpe likewife thofe that cannot hold their water, the powder taken in the juice of Plantane, and is commended alfo againft the wormes in children : it is very powerfull in ruptures and burftmgs, as alio tor bru- fes and falls, to be ufed as well outwardly as inwardly: the roote hereof made up with pellitoneot Spaincma. Allome, and put into an hollow tooth doth not onely all wage the paine, but ftaicth the fluxe of humors there¬ unto, which was the caufe thereof: the juice hereof alfo being drunke, is found effeftuall to open the obfttuftions of the liver and gall. Tormentill likewife is no leffe efteftualland powerfull a remedy, for outward wounds, fores and hurts, than for inward, and therefore it ought tobc a fpeciall ingredient in all wound dnnkes, lotions and injeftions, for foule and corrupt rotten fores, and ulcers of the mouth, or fecret parts, or any other part of the body-and to put either the juice, or powder of the roote into fuch ointments, pla.lers, and fuch things that are to be applied to wounds and fores, as caufe fhaU require: it doth alio ditfolve all knots, kernells.and hardnefle gathered about the eares, the throate and jawes, and the Kings evill, if the leaves and rootes be bruiiea and applied thereunto: the fame alfoeafeth the paines of the Sciatica, or Hippegout, by reltraimng the 1 arpe humours that flow thereunto : the juice of the leaves and rootes ufed with a little vinegar, is alio a ipeciall re¬ medy againft the running fores in the head, or other parts, fcabbes alfo, and the itch, or any fuch eruptions in the skinne, proceeding of fait and fharpe humours: the fame alfo is effeftuall for thehemorrhoidesor pilesmthe fundament, if they be wafhed and bathed therewith, or with the diftilled water of the herbe and rootes: it is found alfo helpefuli to drie up any fharpe rheume that diftilleth from the head into the.eyes.cauhng rednes paine, waterings, itchings or the like,if a little prepared Tutia or white Amber.be ufed with the diftilled water hereof: many women alfo ufe this water as afccrertohelpe themfelves and others, when they are troubled with the abundance of the whites or reds, as they call them, both to be drunke, and in jefted by a Syring. Chap. XXV. PentaphjllnmJivaQttinqticfoIiitftt. Cinkefoile or five leafed Craflc. m He next nnto the Tormentill mnft come the Cinkefoile to be intreated of, not onely for the Iikeneffe of the outward face, or forme of the plant, but of the properties alio, as you fhal heare hereafter. Hereof there are many more forts found out, and now made knowne, than formerly there was, and therefore 1 thinke it fit to expreffe them in fome method and order, thatisin three rankes; the firft (hall be of thofe forts, that beare white or whitifh flowers; the fecond fhaU be of thofe that beare yellow flowers, and lie downe with their leaves upon the ground, or runne with thetr rootes: the third fhall be of thofe that (land more upright bearing yellow flowers. p r itm» Theatrum \Botanicam . Primus Ordo. Thefirft Rankc ; i. renUfhyUttm mzjm /«,«_fore vcl M. Great white or yellow Cinkefoile. T Hisfirft andgreatefl; upright Cinkefoile,hath many leaves rifinv from the ronte earfi; , rtalke, divided m five parts,as ifthey were five feverall leavesf dented about the edres aid T™ °° t£ round pointed, very like the great common yellow Cinkefoile, but larger and a lit le hair v (r ^ f T"? rife up ftraight or upright (hikes, and not much leaning downe to the oround d as the nex/t^fr (nM m ° n r '5' hl I ch a little hairy alfo, and divided at the teppes into two or three branches rh - th ? C follo L vvct r h dotl1 ; “Pon every one whereof (fandeth one flower, of ™ teecotour andi.“'er fe™P' r,e h”' 0 t fma,ler ' leaves, as all others doe • in the middle whereof (hndeth a (mall downv head enr «n ? j b “ ■ “ r,fiftln S of five yellow threds: theroote is fomewhat thicke and Lg, andreddife wS encra l» fledw “ h ““y r ^di(h m*j"> dtim/uUnm. Common great white Cinkefnil? This other white Cinkefoile, which is more common withall Herbarifls, have manv leavWornu • r , - roote, divided into five parts, each of them fomewhat longer, a little dented and ooint-rH a w 1,1 & ^ om t ] lc gteene on the upper fide and hoary white underneath, betweenc thefe leaves trow S , ? th , e ends ’ downe to the ground, fcarfe a foote long, with many fuch like leaves upon them bwTefferthan rh^fc h'?" 1 ” 5 the flowers of thefe, are almoft as large, as thofe before, and of a white colour bclow = pointed leaves, than the greater before, yet with a nicke in the middle wirh m L?i! S hvC P 101 ? round middle, fee about a woolly head, havingmany fmall feedes fet together ’ lik^nmn^” y r™ /'^w-threds in the the roote is fomewhat thicke and long, blackifh on theouefide butTe'ddl ^ °' ftcdc S th " e " 3n ° ther Wh ° fe greeneleaV£S "= " ot “ the edge: Httk dffferfcg inTny „ u(i „ high, and afterwards groweth to be a foote high or more having fnm* ° u 3 ! f an . ne or , halfe a 'ootc the (lalke, each of them fet at the end of pretty long foote’ftalkes S (landing unriphr h gr ? und ’, al ? d othcrs u P°n m the middle, and raifed at the ends, which leaves arefoft and oF^oT^’ DW, . ng a ‘", tle d °wnewards whereof thole two that are onbothf.de, nextthefUbTifcM«rift dlV,d ‘ d Intofive P™. bigge as they, and the fifth in the middle, bigger by halfe then either of th/hft •t, W °t rC t T fe J as good while, the two lower leaves onely grow fomewhat larger .■ theflalke divideih ir fdfrfr^ ftood j up to the middle thereof, into divers reddifh branches; fet a ^cvery/oynt wh^tli'e^like^cwes^at^he^toppe * Pctitaphyllum majus lutco flare vel albo. Great white or yellow Cinkefoile. 2. PetitapbyUum majus a'rerun album. Common great white Cinkefoile. T R IB * 5. }. pemuphfllmjiliquiiltmilriiiicum alMAmn, CodM Cinkefoile of 4 >«iiu. whereofgrowalongfpiky bulb of flowers, one fet above another, flowring one after another, thereby en¬ during very long with flowers on them, which before they are blowne refemble fmall cups, fet in fmall greene huskes, with pointels in the middle, but being bio wen open, confift offoure little long and narrow hard leaves, of no pure but a fullen white colour with me, but blufh with others, not (handing as o’ther Cinkefoiles doe, but uprightallofthem together almolf, on the one fide of a button, which is in the middle of the huske, and the pointed below then on the other fide, Handing forth an inch long, fmall at thcbottome, and bigger at the fur¬ ther end, ofa very darkc or browne colour,having foure (mall purplifli threds, with yellow chives hanging at the ends about it: at the joynts all along the ftalkcs, where they beginne to flower, come forth much (mailer greene leaves, divided onely into three parts: the feede did not come to perieffion in my Garden, but withe¬ red by fame earely cold blade,-, pulling downe all theheades, that were full of flowers and cods, to havefee- ded, but Alpimti lib, As exoticis, faith it beareth long and (lender round and pointed pods, containing fmall round blacke feed, the roote neither fpreadeth deepe nor wide, but perifheth with the firft frofts. 4. Pentaphyltumalbummirms. Small whiteCinkefoile. This fmall Cinkefoile, hath many bu(hy upright flalkes, growing thicke together, with many hoary white leaves, in forme like the common white Cinketole, and at the toppes of them many white flowers, like unto others, compofed offive round pointed leaves, with a nicke in the middle: the roote is blackilh andthreddy, more then the former, and the whole plant, both flalkes,leaves, and flowers, are both lower and leffer, in other things little differing. ^.^Pentaphyllum album minimum. The lead white Cinkefoile. This lead Cinkefoile, hath his low ftalkcs fome what hairy, but not hoary, being little more then one hand- breadth high; whereon grow upon fhort footeftalkes, fmall leaves confiding offive parts, dented onely at the ends: the toppes of the flalkes are divided, into many branches, whereon (land many white flowers like the laft, but fmallcr, the roote is fmall and blackifh. 6. PentaphyHum minus argenteum. Small filver leafed Cinkefoile. This other fmall Cinkefoile fpreadeth on the ground, with ve ry many whitifli branches,covered next unto the roote,with many (hort brownilh threds or haires,more like then leaves ; abovewhich come forth the leaves,made offive parts,as fmall as the laft,but round pointed,and not dented at the end, of a fad greene colour on the upper- (ide,&ofa mod fine fliining filver colour underneath:at the tops ofthebranches ftand a confufcd number ofgree. nilh beads or huskes,fet round about long branches, much differing from the otherforts,out of which appeare very fmall whitilh flowers,feaefe to be difeetned,which turne into a very fmall yellowilh feed,fomewhat brown, the Mm * roote 398 Ch a p. 25, Theatrum Botanicum. T r i b e.^ roote is fmall, longhard and threddy, abiding diverfe yeares, and butheth thereat fo thicke, thatjit doth fprCadi a great deale of ground, 7. Pentaphyllum fragiferum Clufij, Strawberry Cinkefoile. This Cinkefoile hath divers long hairy ftalkes of leaves, riling from the roote, not fet dofe together as othd I Cinkefoiles are, but parted or divided more like unto a winged lcafe, fometimes into five, and fomctimes inti i feaven leaves, rough and hairy alfo, dented about the edges, greene above and gray underneath, two fet one a 1 gainft another, with a little fpacc betweene, but thole three at the ends, handing ioinewhat clol'er together: tbt ftalke that rifeth up among thefe leaves, is about a footehighor more, reddifh and hairy, and divideth it fell ■ at the toppe into leffer branches,with divers leaves thereon,divided into three parts, on the toppes whereof hand: large white flowers, very like unto Strawberry flowers, but fomewhat lefle, with many yellow threds in thii I middle ; which being fallen there fucceede fmall round heads, very like unto Strawfcei ryes, but {mailer ann I without any juice therein, having fmall reddifh feeds within them: the roote is fomewhat thicke,long,hard,ani t f wooddy, reddifh within and blackifh without,with divers fmall long fibres thereat. The P lace. The firft Bimhinus faith, was found on the walls of tvallflat, a City of the Switzers. The fecond as faith, groweth in many of the woods, upon the mountaines in Auftria , extending to the A/pes, as alfo in Ok&l Hungary, in Italy alio, and divers other places: the other fort of that kinde, Tragus faith, he found non farre from Liuba, a City of the Empire ; th e third was brought out of Egypt, or out ol Arabia, as the title de-ol clarcth. The fourth grew in ftony places, aboutCwnj 0 fthe Switzers. “1 he fifth grew faith Clufim, in thl: ftony and rocky places of the Alpes in Auftria and Stiria. The fixth is a Plant railed ‘from the feede that camts among other forts of feedes,fent me from beyond fea : the laft groweth in divers places of Hmgaria, and Ami firia. The Time. They doe all flower in the Sommer moneths oflune and Iuly, and the third in Auguft. The Names, It is called in Greek Htturntatyav ,and in Latine Tentaphyllum and Qeemquefolium,a r.umcro ^oliorurn, Cjafa tranfla-i ting 7 heophrafiw calleth it Q uinejuepetum Tragm fheweth his mind and opinion concerning the Tentaphyllum o( Diofcoritks, and Theophrafhu, that our Tormentill is their bell and mod: noble Pentaphyllum, and is thcreun-i to led as he faith, by the te xt of Theaphraftus, i n his tenth booke and fourth C hapter, (which yet contrarieth hisi judgement in my mind ) for he there faith, that all the leaves are five parted, and his roote reddifh when it isi frefh, and blackifh arid fquare when it is dryed ; but Tormentill hath more leaves of feiven divifions, then fivey and hath ahvayes yellow flowers, when as Diofcarides faith his hath whitifh- The firfl Bauhimts calleth Q»i»-i quefoliumalbummajus caulefcens . The fecond is bis Quineyue foliumalbur/tmay us alteram, and by all other Au-i thors, Pentaphyllum or Qujnquefalium album, the other of that kind Tragus calleth his owne, that Pentaphyllum Tragi c5- nobiUS nto the third 1 have given the name as Alpimts doth, from the forme of his leavesand fruire,and l from the place of his naturall abiding, but Pot* in his ItalianBaldus calleth it,Lupines Arab;cut five pentaphyllum psregrinum, The fourth Bauhimts calleih Quinquefolium album minis. The fifth is Clajius his fecond, which he cal-! leth Q uintjuefolium minus flare alba, and as he faith is the fame that Label calleth Pentaphyllum minimum & petre - tsm, but that as Cluftus faith, his kinde hath as large flowers as the Strawberry, which Labels bath not, but Clufim is therein much deceived, for Labels Tentaphyllum petrsum or petrofum, is declared before to be the StelJ lari a argent ea of C amernriut, and with Bauhimts ,Quincpuefolium album minus alterum. The fixth came to me by the name of Pentaphyllum argenteuM, and becaufe it is none of the great ones, I have added thereto minus. The! laft Clufim calleth, Tentaphyllumfragiferam , and is the Fragaria quanta Tragi. The Italians call it Cntyuefolut, 1 the Spaniards Ciucet Trams, "the trench Quintefiteil/e, the Germtwes Funfffinger kraut,theDunh menViifvinqer- cutyt, we in Snglijh Cinkefoile and Cinkeheld, and fivefinger grade, or five leafed giaife. Sectmdiis Ordo. The fecond Ranke, I. Pentaphyllum vulgatijfmum. The moft common Cinkefoile. T He common fmall Cinkefoile fpreadeth and creepech farre upon the ground, with long [lender (fringes like: Strawberries which take roote againe, and fhooteth forth many leaves, made of five parts, and fome times of feven, dented about the edges, and fomewhat hard, the ftalkes are (lender, leaning downewards, andbeare: many fmall yellow flowers thereon,^with fome yellowthreds in the middIe,ftandingaboutafmooth green head, which when it is ripe, is a little rough, andcontaineth fmall brownifh feede : the roote is of a black!Gi brownei colour feldome fo bigge as ones little finger, but growing long with fome threds or fibres thereat, and by the fmall ftnngs it quickly fpreadeth over the ground. 2. Pentaphyllum.incanum repens Alpinttm. Creeping Monntaine Cinkefoile. , The creeping Mountaine Cinkefoile, (hooted: forth many leaves from the roote like unto the former, and dented about the edges, but fofter in handling; and fomewhat of a grayilb greene or hairy fhimng colour: the ttalkes are (lender and traylealmoft upon the ground, with fome Idler and leffer divided leaves on them, then below, bearing many gold yellow large flowers, with yellow threds in the middle, and luch like feede: the toote is (mailer and more fibrous then the former,but fpreadeth in the like manner. _,. . 3- Pentaphyllum repens mimes. Small creeping Cinkefoile. IhislmallCinkefoilc.creepeth andfpreadethupon the ground like the hft, and is in ttalkes and flowersa- JiKe alio, laving that the leaves are (omewhat larger and nothing hoary or fhining, but green* and have a little lott dairy downe on them, and the flowers ate not of fo gold a yellow colour, in other things not much diffc- 4. Pantapty lamminus repexi lanugimfum. Small woolly creeping Cinkefoile. I ms Woolly Cinkefoile is very like the laft for growing, both of ftalkes, leaves and flo wers.bur the ftalkes are ♦ a little Tr i b e r, The Theater of'Plants* Chap. 25. 1 . Pentaphylltm vulgatifsimum. The moil common Cinkefoile. 4 . Pentapbyllum winus r e pens 1 ar.uginofum . Small hoary creeping Cinkeloile. a little (lender,not gteene but reddifh, the leaves are more woolly, and the edges deepelier dented in, the flowers alfo arc of a deeper gold yellow colour then the laft. 5, ‘Pentaphylleem minimum ropens. The final left creeping Cinkefoile. This fftiallell Cinkefoile, is leffe creeping then any of the former,having many fmall leaves of five parts, as o- thers have, but a little whitifh hoary underneath, this fcarfe bearetli any rtalke, with fmall pale yellow flowers, having a purplifh head in the middle, which growing ripe is hard.and like a fmallStrawberry head as all the red have, the roote is fmall, but l'omewhat (harper in talfe then the others, but yet aflringent withall. 6 - Pcntcepbylletm fttpinum PoremilUfacie. Low Cinkefoile with wild Tanfy leaves. This fmall Cinkefoile creepeth not, nor yctftandeth up¬ right, but leanethdownewith his weake llalkcs to the ground ward, having very long ftalkes of leaves on them, divided into many parts next the ground, fet on each fide thereof two at a fpace one againfl: another, and an odde one at the end, all of them dented about the edges, very like unto wild Tanfy leaves,but not hoary or filver like, as they, but greener the flowers comeat the joynts with the leaves towards the toppes of the (hikes, which are there, lefler and lelTe divided then thofe below, every one by it felfe, which are fma'fl and of a pale yellow colour, with a head in the middle, which after it is ripe, is like unto the other Cinkefoile heads of feede, that is.like unto a fmall hard dry Strawberry: the roote is fmall long and blackifh, like the ordinary Cinkefoile. 7. Alteram eUem [mile Emeaphllan, Another fmall one like thereunto. There is another low one of this kind, that Baubiimt hath fee forth in his Prodromes, whofe fmall (lender ftalkes.three or foure inches long are many, lying round about the roote upon the ground,divided into many branches, whereon are Mm * 6. PemapbytUilHJiepinm Po'enti/Ufacie. Low Cinkefoile with wild Tanfieleaves. c ha p.25. Theatrum 'Botanicum. Tribe 3 long (hikes of leaves like unto the laft, but divided into nine parts, each of them much narrower than they, very hairy and dented about the edges: the flowers are fmall and more yellow, (landing in the fame manner and yeel in° the like heads offeede ; the roote is fomewhat thicker and blacke ending in long fibres. The Place-. The firfl groweth by woods (ides, hedge (ides, the pathwayes in fields, and in the borders and corners of them almoft through all the land : the lecond groweth on the highetl toppes of the Alpes, that are nigheft unto %At'- firia; the other -cpeutaphyllum of Clufius groweth in the graffie fields of the Alpes ncare AuJlria : the third groweth the mod common of all others, by the wayes lides, in dry grounds in Hungary, the lower Auflria, Ms. ravia and ’Bohemia: the fourth groweth in the fame places with the third, but more rare to be met with ■ the SkTragm faith, in many (andie grounds of Germany, and in the graflie fields that are by the woods (ides: the fixtC/«}i<«faithhefonndinthebordersoffields,thatareby the woodslides about Vienna, and is cherifhed in gardens with many; the laft groweth on the Alpes among the Switfcrs. The Time. They doe all flower in Sommer for the moft part, yet the leaft, is often in flower the earlieft, which is lome- times in Aprill, and the fecond in May. The Names. Thefirft is generally called by all, either PentaphjUum or Quincjuefolium vulgare • of Bauhinus, Quincjuefoliuttt majus repots ■. the fecond is tbethird Pentaphyltumoi'Clufm; called by him, A/pitmm flereaurea, and by Bauhinrct, Quincjuefolium minus repens Alpimmaureum : the third is C/uJius his firft fort, of the fourth kindc odTentaplyllnm, which Bauhinus calleth Quynejuefolium minus repens laniiginofum luteum -. the fourth is the other fort, of Glujitt his fourth kinde, and called by Bauhinus, Quincjuefolium minus repens aureum. The fift is the firft kinde of Tragus, called by him Quincjuefolium minimum, and by Label in his Adverfaria, Tentaphyllum minus luteum : the fixt is called by Lob elm his observations and leones, Pentaphyllum fupinum Tormentille facie but by Clnfius more properly, P otentilla facie ■ by Dodoneus according to his figure, but not the defeription Quincjuefolium tertium repens, which is M r . Gerards Fragaria vefia five fieri lis -. Bauhinus calleth it Q uinquefa- ho fragifero affinis ; and calleth the laft (which if it be not the fame and growing leffe in his naturall or wildc place, yet is very like it) Q uinquefolio affinis Enneaphytlon, Ordotertim. The third Ranke. 1, Tentaphyllum majus eretttm. The greater upright Cinkefoile.' T The greater upright Cinkefoile ,hath fomewhat longer and larger greene leaves,than any of the former forts^ cut into five parts, and often alfo into feven, and but with three leaves towards the toppes, and dented a- bcut the edges: thelfalkes are firong and upright, not much above halfe a yard high, branched divers wayes, with large pale yellow flowers at the toppes of them, which turne into feeoe life as the other forts doe, the roote is blackifb and flringie. Of this kinde, there is fome that doth fometimes beare white flowers,and others purplilh,whereofth«ir flowers make the difference. 1 . P entaphyllum re £1 urn minus. The leflcr upright Cinkefoile. The Idler upright Cinkefoile, hath fmaller and rounder leaves tl an the other, of a fad greene colour on the upper- fide, and gray or hoary underneath : the ftalkcs are tenderer and lower, and the flowers at the toppes of them, are fome¬ what (mailer and of a more gold yellow colour, and herein conlifteth the chiefeft differences the one from the other. 3. c Pentaphyllum montanum ereElum, The Mountaine upright Cinkefoile. The Mountaine upright Cinkefoile, hath divers upright but (lender hoary (falkes, fcarfe halfe a yard high, divided at the toppes into fundry branches, whereon grow divers leaves, cut into five deeper parts, and deeper dented about the edges, fome¬ what hairy alfo, and a little hoary underneath but not ihining, whofc foote (falkes are fome fhorterand fome longer than ci¬ thers: but thofe leaves that grow below, at the foote of the ffalkes (land upon very long foote (falkes, and are for the mod part divided into feven parts or leaves: at the toppes of the (falkes grow gold yellow flowers, like the former but fmaller, the feede that followeth, is not unlike the reft, neither jis the roote which isblackifh. The Place. The firft groweth in many places in Germany , Trance , and in Savena of Narbonc where it beareth white flowers fay Pena and Lobel t and in Italy purplifh : rhe Second groweth in (yermany in divers places, for Fufchius and lohannes Thalius make mention of it: the third Bauhinus faith was found on the hill Crcntzi- cenii t in the afeending to the toppe. The Time, JlKfe flower for the moft part all the Sommer long.' 1. pcntapbyPummajus nettum. The greater upright Cinkefoile. RIB E.^» The Theater of Tiaras. Cuap.2^. The Names. The firfl is called Pnt«pMlmn rnUjui by 'Brmfitjh*. rand Libel m his Obfervatrons, and by Came. ■ ver unto Lobels figure in his leones, and unto (Jewels figure, the title is PeMaphyllumvulgare.: in the Ad¬ 's Irbe title is hereof fbecaufe of the variation of their flowers in the colour as 1 (aid betorc ) Pemephjlhm The i'econd is called bv /*••***►*'■"*•"" *•* ——- * j ». *-> - by Uanr.es ThUim in Barcpiafjtv*Tentaphyllnm cam.m by C«t«w PemMtxmreSum rmnm : bycO«4i. | Zus, Fufchtut and Lu^nenjis , Pentaphyllum or QuincjmfeUnmlntenmm^sby Cjerard r,7/f Lie bv Tabermontanm Quinyttefolixm petnxm majw, and by Bnnhmm Qnsynefdmmjoho argenteo.1 he third , sJhinJm 1 his Pimx, and Prodrome fetteth downe under the title of birf*. \ turn lute urn. The Venue?. I Having declared unto you allt’n e feverall forts of thiskindeofherbe, called Cinkefoile, intheir Orderspnd I Rankes Imuft now declare unto you the chicfe properties of them altogether,and yet (hew which is the mod ■ I effefluaU in fpecialhall thefe forts for the mod part,having one qualitie of cooling and binding.yct the binding it | more incident and naturall unto them all, then the cooling, in that fome of them are a little lharpe or bitterirt I tafte which anmeth fome more heace, yet I may ghefle the fharpenefle or bittcrnefle therein, is no more any :i figne”of heate than it is in Cichory, or Poppy or : our common wdde creeping Cinkefoile, the greater ; uprioht one and the white Cinkefoile, are the chiefeft for uie, and ftrongeft in effeft ot all the reft. Thele three forts are much alike for their operation, and are held to be as effeftuall for all the purpoles, whereunto the Tor- i mentill ; s uied as well for preferving agaiuft venemous and infeftious creatures, and diitafes in each refpeft, as I in keeping from putrefafl ion,for binding and reftraining fluxes, either of tloud or humors, or any the other ef- ; feds whereuntoTormentill is applied; fothatinftead thereof, and where it is wanting Cinkefoile maybe I ufed to as good purpofe, 1 might referre you therefore to the properties of the Tormentill, to be enfonr.ed j Pbeccby for the feverall helpcs, that this doth give ; but I vviUfhew you fome particular remedies, itv/orketh upon efpeciallgriefesand difeafes :as firft,it isanefpeciall herbe, ufed in all inflammations and fcavers, whe- : thcr infcaious and peftilentiall or topieall among other herbes, to cooleand temper the blend and humours in i the body as alls for all lotions, gargles, injections and the like, for fore mouthes, ulcers, canckers, fiftulaes, and other corrupt and foule or running fores: yet fome are fo foolifh to thinke, that the decoftioii of one branch j of leaves thereof, taken with a little Fepper,doth helpe a quotidian or daily ague, that three branches helpeth a tertian and feure a quartane ague; but this fet number of leaves and branches, is rather an idle conceit, as it is alfo to were it intheir fhooes, for the fame purpofe, then any certainety fit for a wile man or I hifitian to leane and truft unto : the juice, hereof drunke about fours oftnees at a time for certaine dayes together,xurcth the quinfie and the yellow jaundife, and to be taken for thirtie dayes together cuveth the falling fkkneffc, and for all fluxes in man or woman, whither the whites or, the reds, as alfo the bloudy flixe, therootes boyled in milke and drunke is held mofl effefluallof any other remedy: therootes boiled in yipegaf, and the dccotfion thereof held inch? mouth, eafeth the paines of the toothach : the juice or the deceftion is good to helpe the hoarfenefle ot the throate taken with a little bony; as alio is good for the cough of the lunges: The diddled wa¬ ter ofboth rootes andleaves, is effec 1 uall to all the purpofes aforefaid, and if the hands be wafhed often therein, and differed at every time to drie in ot it lelfe without wiping it will in a fhort time helpe the palfie, or the fhaking ill them ■ the roote boyled in vinegar helpeth all knots, kemells, bard fwdlings and Iuropes growing in theflefh in any part applied thereunto ; as alfo all inflammations and S. Arttheniesfae, aUempoftumesandpaine- fiill fores with heate and putrefaftion, the (hingles alfo and all other fores of running and foule fcabbs, fores, and itches the fame alfo boiled in wine, and applied to any joynts full of paine and ache, the gout alfo in any of the jovnts of the hands or feete, and that alfo ot the hippes called Sciatica: and if tbedecoaion thereof be alfo drunke it helpeth forward the cure much the fooner, and eafeth alfo much paines in thebowells: the rootes are likewile effeftuall to helpe ruptures or burftings to be ufed with other things availeable therefore, either in¬ wardly or outwardly or both, as alfo for bruifes, or hurts by blowes, falls, or the like, and to flay the bleeding of wounds, in any part inward or outward. Ch^p. XX VI. Gentidna. Gentian or F ellworej . Lthouoh I have fet forth in my former Booke divers forts ofGentians or Fellwort, yet there re¬ main? divers others to be intreated of, which (hall be here remembred; and hecaule 1 was rt ere fome what br iefe in declaring the vertues as was fit for that worke,being but an abftraftof choife plants, that beare beautifuU flowers to (tore a garden otpleafure,_ and not a generall worke wherein all things are to. becomprifcd, and all that may be faid of every one alfo, 1 will here therefore ampUfie my felfe the more in their vermes, that have beene fpokenof, which are the moft effeftuall, and of thefe alfo, for they are to be referred unto them : yet I thinke good to give you here fame of the figures extant before. But that I may ufe fuch a methodical} courle, as I have formerly held, in bet¬ ting forth other plants which have divers forts ofonekinde, I will divide this family of Gentians into a greater and leffer fort, and of the leffer fort which admitteth a fubdivifion, and not the greater;! will divide them againe into perennes, cverliving or abiding, that is, that perifli not in the Winter; and into annuas annual!, that is, fuch as (pring up and perifh the fame ye'are that they flower, abiding oncly the Sommer and not the W inter : I might alfo divide the leffer fort againe into Vermll, e/EJHvalt m&AHtxmmiU flowring plants, whereof every one in their order. Mm? Gmiffis 40a Chap .26. 1 beatrum 'Botanicum, Gentian* majores. The greater Gentians. Centianamajorflorepurpureo . Great purple Gentian. T He great purple Gentian, is very like the great yellow Gentian in mod things, having a great thickebrow- ni(h yellow roote, parted into two or three great branches; with great fibres at them but a little more hard and woody of as bitter a tafte as the other, which fendeth forth at the i'cverall heads thereof, many faire broad three ribbed darke greene fhining leaves, fo like unto the other, that it is fomewhat hard to diftinguifl, t i, em many ofthefe heads from among the leaves, fhoote forth thickeand flrong fialkes, three or foure foote high’ with divers joynts on them, and two leaves at them, one againft another : towards the toppes whereof come forth the flowers compaffing the ftalkes, at two or three of theuppermoft Joints, with two leaves apeece under them, like as in the other, which are not laid open, ftarre fafhion, like the other, but abide clofe and hollow, the brimmes onely divided into fixe or more round parts, of a purple colour, but paler at the bortome of them, where they arc fpotted with purple Ipots on the infide, having fomany yellowifh threds in the middle, as the'flower hath corners, (landing about a long greene by forked head, which growing ripe is the feede velfcll, and containeth there in fuch like flat brownifh feedcs as the other, but fomewhat lefle. a. Gentian* major flare alho. Great Gentian with white flowers. This white flowred Gentian is very like the former, and the great yellow kinde, not much leffer and lower in any part than the former, whole flowers are not purple but pure white, and hollow like the other, without any fpots in them, this making the whole difference betweene them. ' 3. Gentian*majorJlore pallidapunBato. Great paleyellow (pottedGentian. This fpotted great Gentian, is in all things alfo like the firfl, but in the flowers, which are ofa duskifh pale yellowcolour, fpotted both within and without with very many blacke fpots. F 4- Gentian* major flore ctrttleo. Great Gentian with blew flowers. And this alfo differeth neither in greatnefle offtalkes, leaves and flowers,nor in the manner of growing, but in the colour of the flower, which is of a blew colour. s ’ 5. Gentiana Afi/epiadhsfolia. Swallowort Gentian. This is diferibed in my former Booke. The Place. All thefe forts grow in many places on the Mountaines of Germany, and in other places,but are not to be found fo ufually as the great yellow. The Time. Thefe doe all flower in Iune or there abauts. The Names. It is called in Greek Ttfluhn in Latine,and fo like wife Qenti ana,a GemioIlljricrumrcgeprimZ inventore^s Di- , Gtntaaa major ntjufque eoloru. Tft? greater Gentian of any ef the colour $ 0 Gentiana Crucial a. CsoiTeworte Gentian. o/cmrliet The Theater of \Plants » c ha p„ 2 6 . Tribe 3. fc or ides & Pliny {e c it down. faith it was called Bajihca: of fome it was called as fome copic3 of 'T'iofcorides hath ic Centanria radix 3 - of fome Aloes Galina Narce sCh.ronion , and as Ti ny faith, fome Romanes called it Cnen- dia and fome Ciminalis. The Italians and Spaniards follow the Latine name Gent tana , the Trench alfo Gent ane , the C cimanes Gentian, Endian, and BitterwHrt^buttht Gentiana Conciata, they call CModelghcer • we call ic in Englijh either Gentian or FellwortCj mixed asl take:of Latine and Englijh together, or Bitterwort, and of fomeBaldmony : all Authors doe generally call them all Gentians, and diftinguilhed according to the colour of the flowers, as they are in their titles. Gentians minores upon divers hils of Auflria and Hungary, Gerard faith it is found upon Salisbury plaine, in Sujfex , and nere St. Albonsy bnt I doubt he was miftaken, for that which groweth in thofe places, as farre as I can heare or Icarne, . as alfo in many other of our owne land, is not this Vernall kinde, but fome other, that flower fome in the Som- : mer, fome in Autumne, as you fhall underftandby and by. The laft as Bauhinus faith groweth upon the hilles among the Switzers, The Time, The two firft forts doc ufually flower in Aprill, the third in May, and the laft lateft, and it is but cafuall, if they ; flower at any other time,for their leaves abiding greene all the Winter,they do enc reafe at the roote and may be i eafily parted. The Names, Thcfe are called by moft writers, Gentianella quafi Gentiana minor, and vernz becaufe they doe chiefely flower in the Spring time. Lugdunenfli faith, they may be called ThyUcitis mayor & minor . The firft Bauhinu 1 in his Pinax and Prodr omus calleth Gentianella Alpina latifolia magno flore , as it none had made mention of it before himfclfe, but alTuredly it is the fame that Lugdmenfls fetteth forth, although that of Lobel and Clnfiw be a lefler of that great fort,which is that 1 have already fet forth in my former booke, which he calleth Gentianella Alpma anguft'ifolia magno flore. The fecond is the Cjentianclla angufiifolia of Lugditnenfis , which differeth from the Alpina minor ofClujias, although Bauhinw doth not diftinguifh them,but calleth it Gentianella Alpina major y when all others call it minor, Cjcfner in hortis Germania calleth it Calathiana verna , and Lugdunenfls Hellcborine Talecbampij on Diofcor ides. The third Clnflius calleth Gentianella minor verna ,and is thought by divers to be Cantabrica of Pliny. Cafalpintis taketh it to be Vincetoxici fpecies pnfllla. The French by a fpeciall name, call both the greater and the lefler of this fort Reperct . The laft' Bauhinus calleth Gentiana omnium minima , as it is in the title, and peradventure is the Gentianella'Bavarica of Camerarius in his leones , but that this he faith hath longer and that rounder leaves, Gentianella xflime. Small Gentians of the .Sommer. i. Gentiana Penn A car tile a punclata, Doffcr Pennies blew fpotted Gentian. A lthough I am in fome doubt., whether this be a (Bentian,and dare not affirmc it to be any of the great kinds of Gentian (and Clafius alfo to whom Dr. Tenny gave both the figure and description, was doubtfull of it not to be of the fmaller kinde, let mee therefore place it either as the laft of the greateft Sommer forts, andleaft of them, or firft of the Sommer kinde, but greater then any ofthfc fmaller, whofe defeription is as followeth. It hath a joynted ftalke about a foote and a halfe high, foms- whatreddifti toward the bottomenext to the roote,with two leaves like the great Gentian, fet at each joynt, but much fmaller, and with more veines or ribbes therein then it, each ftanding upon a reddifh footeftalke, greater below then thofe above, where they do in a manner com- pafle the ftalke, from the middle of the ftalke upward come forth the flowers at the joynts with the leaves, on both fides of the ftalke, three for the moft part ftanding together, except the uppermoft of all, where they ftand five together, each ofthem with a fbort footeftalke under them, confifting of five fmall pointed leaves, fpreadlike a ftarre, ofa pale blew colour finely fpotted, with many fmall blackc prickes on the infide, having a fmall umbone in the middle, and five fmall threds, tipt with yellow ftanding about it: the feede that follweth, is enclofed in fuch heads or huskes, as the Gentians have: the roote is fmall and yellow, with many fibres annexed unto it. Hereunto I may referre another very like unto it, found in the North parts of this land, namely in Lancajbire , by Mr .Hesket, a Gentleman in his life time very skilfull in the knowledge of Plants, whofe figure I here exhibit, that Ctntiina f° mc ot ^ er ma y be ftirred up to finde it out againe,that we dubia An may have further knowledge thereof. a. gentianella £ ftiva cor data. Small! Heartlike Sommer Gentian. ThisSommerGcntian, hath a fmall long fibrous, but Wooddy yellowifti roote, (and thereby may be judged to be but annuall and not abiding) from whence arife fmall leaves, fomewhar round pointed, with a greenifh yellow •jbbew she middle of them, two waif s fet ©us a gaiag 1. G ntiana P ennd caruUapuncUt 1. Dr. Penny hit blew fpotted Gentian. another ] Trips 5. The Theater of "Plantes. Chap .26. 405 another: the ftalke is fquare,about halfe a foote high, with the like leaves at the joyntes and divided from the middle upwards, into divers fmall fhort branches, on the toppes whereof hand very large flowers, in com- jj pariion to the fmallneffe of the Plant, which is of a whicifh blew colour before it be open, and writhed toge- ■ ther like to many ofthe flowers of the fmall Bindeweeds, but being opened confifteth of a long hollow round ( fj Us p e en ding in five hard leaves, fomewhat broad and pointed likea ftarre, of as brave a deepe blew colour, as any of the former: betweene thofe greater leaves, there are other fmaller leaves fet, each ofthem round at the i, ends and dented in, making them feeme like unto a heart, as it is painted, from whence the name in the title , cor ,l au heart-like, was impofed upon it, the like forme being not obferved in any of the other : the feedevefleil after the flower is pad, groweth to have a (mail long neckc, and bigger above, which being ripe openeth it I felfeatthehead, contrary to the reft, containing within it much blackefeede.buttwile as bigge and as long as II theothcr. GentianelU afliva purpuro-carulca. Small purple Sommer Gentian. This purple Sommer Gentian Ihootcth forth a reafonable ftrong ftalke, a foote and a halfe high, with divers ! joynts, and two leaves at every one of them, fomewhat broad at the bettome, whereit j'oyneth to the ftalke, [ not havin'* any footeftalke to (land on, growing fmaller to the end, and long pointed : the ftalke at the toppe 1 hath fome fhort branches, whereon are fet five or fix or more fmall purplifh blew flowers, ending in five fmall pointed leaves, after they are fallen and paft, come up fmall long cornered pods, or feede veflels, con¬ taining much fmall feede: the roote is (lender long and fibrous, and perifhetb alter bearing,railing it fclfe againe from its owne towin'*. and if it fpring before W inter, it will endure it well and flower the next yeare, die if it rife^n^he'spriiK’y it will abide all the firft yeare and flower and feede the next. • r . 3 GentianelU eftivaflore lanaginofo. Sommer Gentian with a cottony flower. This Sommer Gentian fpringeth up with many long and narrow leaves, lying in tompaffe upon the ground, I with three veines in every one ofthem, as is nfuallinall or rnoft of the Gentians, from among which rifethup F a fquare ftalke,about a foote high or more .bearing at every joynt two fuch like leaves as grow below, buc Idler j and longer pointed : at the joynts with the leaves, toward the toppes of the ftalkes, fhootc forth two or three i fhort branches, bearing every of them three or foure flowers, larger then the former and bigger bellycd, 1 ending in five points or leaves, of a paler purple colour, having a fmall putplilh cottony downynefle, at the I bottome of each of the leaves, where they are divided on the inlidc: alter the flowers are fallen, there appeare ! fmall long huskes, likehornes, full of fmall round feede, the roote is fmall and long, ofa pale colour fomewhat Wooddy, perilhing as all the Sommer kindes doe. Gentianella aftivaflore breviore. Sommer Gentian with Ihort flowers. This kinde of Gentian is fomewhat like unto the laft, but that the leaves are broader by the halfe, two alwaiej lhndin™ at a joynt, ofa deeper greene colour, the ftalke is fquare and branched at the toppe in the fame manner, bearing divers flowers on every ofthem, which are both fhorter and greater then they, and of a pale blew ill a co¬ lour, the feedcs and rootes ate much alikei all thefe kinds as well as the former arc very bitter,which caule them to be referred to Gentian. . 6 . GentianelU efliva minima Neapolitan*. The fmall Sommer G entian of Naples, This fmall Gentian hath fmall fquare ftalkes, little more then halfe a foote high, but fuller of branches and flowers then the laft, the leaves thereon ate fomewhat long and narrow, the ftalkes are branched from the bot¬ tome, with many fmall flowers on them, (landing in fmall huskes, which are long like a cuppe, the brimmes en¬ ding in foure parts, fomewhat diftant one from another, making the ends to feeme the longer, ofa purplifh co¬ lour enclining to rednelle, with a fmall woollineffe at the bottome ofeach of the foure leaves, where they are ' divided, and white alfo on the infide, at the lower part ofthem, and of a paler purple about the edges; after which come up fmall long heads, forked at the toppe,wherein is contained lmall round Aiming yeltowifh feed, yet bigger then anv of the former, the roote is longer and more full of threds or fibres then the laft, Ipreading I much under ground. The Place, Thefirftas ClaOm faith. Dr. Penny of London, (hewed him the figure, and gave him the defeription, and told him that he gathered it upon 'Bockmut a hill of the Switzers, and the other ofthat kinde, as is faid in fome places of Lancashire, buc we know not where. Columna faith he found the fecond upon the hi\s^£qmcoli in Naples. The third and fourth groweth in the meddowes, at the foote of hills in many places of Germany, as Clufius faith. The fifth groweth on the toppes of hills onely, in many places of Anftria. And the laft on the hils in Naples & Columnd faith. 7 be Time % Thefe doc all flower in the Sommer Moneths of Iuly, and Auguft,and not before,the feede growing ripe foone after, which fliedding themfclves continue their kinds, but will hardly endure tranfplantation,or rile of the Iced fowen in a Garden, as both Camerariw and others have obferved,and my felfe can fay the fame. The Names. Thefe are called GentianelU ceftivt»e Treakle were wholfome or eftefluall to any good purpofe it ■ wereaseafieforthe Phifiuans to givg way to the ufe thereof, as for any other tollerated medicine: but foe L- mg is moft true, HgumHr mveturnn/mfer, CKpimHf',*' negatum, the more a thing is fbrbidden the more it is de- fired ; for the wrong opinion of many is to thinke, that it is for the private profit of l'ome that the things forbid¬ den, and therefore (tollen bread is fweeteft: But to the matter now in hand, The powder of the dried rootestaken ^inlTfoeft ° f thc “ fe ! v ' es or , W ' th ° thcr [ c ingS l as Mirrhe > Ruc - Pepper, and the like, is a certaine remedy a- f n S ‘ nS 0r . bltl " gs Serpents, Scorpions, or any other venemous beads, and again!! the bitin Js of a madde dog,being taken three: or finite dayes together,and care taken to kcepe open the wound with Vinecfr or thai'h W * kn d C A- Can - fe l nd ^ refle 1C 1,1 ° r , der as 1C fll0uld be; tbe fame rootes alfo takcn in wine helpcththofe that have obftruftions in their livers, or are liver growne as they call it, or have paines in their ftomackes ■ thole alio that cannot keepe or rellifh their meate, or have dejefted appetites to their meate, for hereby they (hail finde prefenteafe and remedy = being deeped in wme and drunke, it refrefbeth thofe that are overwearied with tra¬ vel!, and are by cold and ill lodging abroad, growen (larke or lame in their joynts: theie alfo that have any eri- pingpa.nes m their fides as prickings, ditches or the like : it helpcththofe that are bruited by blowes or falls by difiolvmg the congea led bloud, and eafing the paines: the fame alio is held very eftfluall againff all agues to take of the roote not in wine but feme other dnnke, or the water diddled of the herbe : the tredi roote^ or the «mrtSn de ‘ nt °if ?- effary ’ and 4 P n t lnt c° tbe mat [ ,ce > expelleth the dead child, and the afterbirth, for it throughly worketh upon thofe parts, and therefore not to be given to women that arc with child, and being taken inward- ™ Pr0 ff U A th |i he ' r n C< ? Ur< l sb r e ' n ? ftopped ’ andtbcunnewllCnltlsftaicd : llied «oflion of the roote ismervcl- lous eftcauaH to helpe thofe that are pained with the done: the fame alfo taken in wine doth rnervelloiL much good to thofe that are troubled with crampes and convulfions in any parts: it doth much good afro ra tnofe that are burden, and have any ruptures. Dnfandcs faith that there is fo great power and efficacie in the rootes hereof, that it helpeth not men onely, but beads alfo that are troubled with couches and the nutomWr their intrails, and that it expelleth the wormes of the belly : it breaketh much winde in the body and caufefhir effeftnall 5 gen ? rall X 111 Is ava, ' eablc ln a11 cold difeafes, either inward or outward, and as gJc* faith, is moft effeauad, where there is any neede to extenuate or make thinne, thicke flegme or groffe humors, denfina ofror- rup. and filthy fores or ulcers, purging of peccant and offenfive humours, and opening the obdruflions of rhr hver and lungs, gall and fplcene, and freeing the parts affefted, with any the difeSfc”Tridentunto fo^and theie things. Gain fooldeth it to worke by the (acultieof bittcrnefl'e therein ; for affuredly if our ftomackes could brooke this and other bitter medicines, and were not fo nice and daintie torefufe whatever is not pleating r« the palate, it would worke admirableeffefts in the curingof many defperate and im-er- rate j;r r P - jL to and denting and healing foulecorrupt and defperate fores and ulcers outwardly, and therefore^the ItaZZ not MtnlPlf ’ h°r, Ca ' thc Ce T M T « fr> * todHnre vvi “T*'' th l root “ 1 ^ Waller Gentian ofthe Spring, befngS a^gw™ in powder toanf collicke, and ochefforo^nd'pnev 8 ," fartlng,and “ given ^ S°°dtocccfc to helpe the totmen? s ofthe win I the vellnw j-r , r S rlevous P a nges, or paines in the ftomacke or bowells, it is alfo profitable to helne cha?; r “ IB E.?. The Theater of Thunts. ChAF,^. 40 Q C HAP. XXVII. Scorfonera. VipersGrafle. Lthough I have fee forth in my former Booke two forts of Scorfonera or Vipers Grafle which arc the Spannifb kinde and the low purple kinde, yet becauie there are fome ethers that Qltifiw and others have made mention of, and fome alfo not yet publilhedfly any, I thinke it meete to de¬ clare all thofc not fpoken of beforefln this place and Chaptcjv I, Scorfonera major Pannonica latifoiia . The greater Hungarian broad leafed Vipers Grafle, ’i This greater Hungarian Vipers graffe is very like unto the Spanlfj kinde, in all things almoA, the leaves here¬ of are more in number, that rife from the head of the roote, as broad and long as they, but not crumpled about ;thcedges, norof thatgrayifhgreene colour, butfmooth, and ofadarke oreviilgreene colour ■ this hath two or Jthree Aalkes rifing up among the leaves,and fometimes but one, according as the roote hath en ere a fed into l'eve- Irallheadsjhaving fume leffer leaves upon them,and at the top,a fcaly fomewhat long greene head, from the mid¬ dle whereofgroweth the like double yellow flower as the Spanijh kinde hath,and the like feedc alfo,lying in luch rdowny fubflance, neither of them to be well difeerned the one from the other, after they have grow ne any time jiii the garden together: the roote alfo is long and great, Spreading into many branches, and (hooting forth into .divers"heads, from the upper part thereof, blackifh on the outfide, and white and pleafant within as the other, lyeelding milke in every part in the fame manner alfo, abiding many yeares and not perifhing after feede time, as j the Goates beards doe, whereof all thefe are accounted as kindes. 2. Scorfonera humilii latifoiia Pannonica , The dwarfe Hungarian Vipers graffe. ! This dwarfe or low Scorfonera , fhooteth forth not fo many long leaves but almoA as broad as the laft, fome- Iwhat Aifter and fhorter ; and of the fame greene colour ; from among which rifethup oue firme, but hollow and ifhortftalke, not above an handbredthhigh, bearing fome few fmall and fliort leaves thereon and a yellow :flower,out’of the like greene fcaly head, but (horter than the other, with the like feede therein alfo; thcroote is 1 blacke without, and whitewithin yeelding milke as the other doth. 3. Scorfonera minor anguflifolia Pannonica. The fmall Hungarian Vipers grafle. This fmall Vipers grafle hath long and very narrow greene leaves, very like the leaves of Tragopogon or Goates beard, but fhorter and not fo many, the Aalkes are (tenderer and much lower then the HrA, bearing fmal- ler and more Angle flowers upon them then it, and lefler feede, but like in all other refpeds, lying in fuch downc; the roote likewife is long and blacke without and white within, but fmaller and flenderer, never growing to be halfe fo great, neither yeeldeth fuch ftore of milke as the other doth. 2.3. x. Scorfonera major Pannonica latifoiia. The greater Hungarian broad leafed Vipers grafle. , Scorfonera tuberofaradice. The fmalleft Spanifi Vipers gtafie„ Scorfonera humilu latifoiia & avgnfiifolt&i The greater low, and the leffer tall Hungarian Vipers graffe. 5 C h a p.27. Tbeatrum ' Botamcum. Tribe ^ 4. Scorfoneraelatior anguftifoha Pannonica. Tall narrow leatedPurple Vipersgrallc. Thetaller purple Vipers graffe, hath many filch like narrow long leaves as the lad, andlonger llatkes, witl fame leffer leaves on them, divided fometimes into two or three branches,bearing every one a lmall flower like unto the laft, but of a blew ifh purple colour, (landing in a (hotter greene head, wherein is contained (hotter and thicker feede.then in the former, the roote is long, and blacke without and white within, like the other ,aiu yeelding alfo but little milke, yet abiding as the reft. 5. Scorfoncra minima tuberofa radice Hifpanica, The (mailed Spanilh Vipers grafle. This lead Vipers grade hath divers leaves very (mail and narrow,' lying on the ground, home rootes giving f m0 oth leaves, and others crumpled about the edges, the (lalkes are very (mall, and fcarfe riling three or fours inches high, bearing out of along lmall fcaly head, a very fmall and Angle pale yellow (lower, wherein grow fmaller blacke feedes, and enclofed in farreleffcr downe,then in any of the other, the roote isas'thicke as three fingers or more, bnt much fhorter then in any other kmdes, blackifh without, and (bmewhat whitifli within yeeldin™ very little milke, wJ^u itis broken, but abideth the W inter almoft as well asany of the reft. 6 . Scorfonera Illyrica. Vipers grade of Sc/*wy. The multitude of long narrow leaves with three ribbes in them to the number of fifty or an hundred, and 01 twenty (lender ftalkes.of fmall yellow flowers,and fmaller feed afterthem then moll of the former, the roote be¬ ing blacke and thicke/maketh this kinde differ from the reft. s TbcTUce. The firll groweth in many p'aces of Germany, Bohemia, and Hungary. The (econd on the hils by Baden in Ger¬ many. The third in many of the fame places with the firfl. The fourth on a lmall hill nigh unto Stampfcn,whiah is two Dutch miles from Pofoninm, a chiefe City in Hungary, and in other places thereof: The fifth grew it Spaine, and good (lore of the rootes being brought hither, I planted fome of them in my Garden, perccivim them in forme to differ from others, which growing yeelded fuch leaves, flowers, and feede, as is before (a downe. The lad. in Illyria or Sclavon}C,& Alpinue iirith. The Time, They doe all flower in May, and their feede is ripe before the CHd oflune. The Names. The firfl knowledge of Scorfonera to the world, came by Monanhu a famous Phyfitian in Shell, although ii was found out, and die ufeofitlikewife, thirty yeares before he wrote chereof, who made a fmall trallatt thereof, and of the j?r«rilonc, which C/a/wr tranflatedoutof the Spanilh into the Latine tongue, and pub 1 idied it with other ofhis workes tranflated alfo, and annexed to his booke offlrangc or Sxoticke tilings, where¬ in ic is (ct downe that a Moore, a bondflave did helpe thole that were bitten of that venemous bead, (or Vipei as it i called by others) which they of Catalonia, where they breed in abundance,call in their language Efeuerfos (from whence Scorfoncra is derived,) with the Juice of this hetbe, and the roote given them to eate, vvhicf both tooke a way the poifon and healed the bitten place very quickely, when Treakle and other things would dot no good, which ever fince hath growne in eftimation,as well againfl venome or poyfon.as againfl other dil'eafes as you [hall heare by and by. The firfl is calledby Clnfim, Scorfoncra major Pannonica, by Manhiolm Scorfonert Bohemka, whom Label and Lnfdunenfit follow, Tabermontanm and Gerard, call it Germanica, and ’Bauhbm Latifolia altera. The fecond is called by Clnfiits, Scorfoncra humilis latifolia Pannonica, by Tabermontanm, Scar- foncra Pannonica, and by Batthinns, Scorfoncra latifolia humilis nervofa, The third is called by LobeL Scorfonert altera, by Tabermontanm , Scorfonera Germanica angteftifolia, and by Bauhtnus Scorfoncra folijs nervofi,. Tht fourth is called by Clufius, Scorfoncra angttftifelia elatior Pannonica, by Thalius,Scorfonera tsmufolia alcera ■ anc by Banhimn,Scorfonera angnJUfolia fitbcxmlea. The fifth becaufe it came from Spainc without any name, I havt entitled it according to the face and forme thereof, Scorfonera minima tnberoftradice Hifpanica, it is very pro treble that Bauhinm in his Trodromsu doth itieanethis plant.it commethfo nere unto it which he there called Hieracitemcap llaccofLorcftox he faith it better agrecth to a Scorjoncra then Hieracietm.^ The laft Alpinm letted forth under the fame title it hath, fome doe call them Viperaria unAViperina, and lameSerpentha. The Venues. Bauhinm faith that the rootes of the Spanilh kinde, hathin their naturall places fome bitterneffe, which if; he fo ^for I never fa which) is not perceived in thofe that have growne many yeares in our land, it is very likely that the temperature of the Climate,' doth alter in fome part the bitternefle thereof; but Aloaardm writeth.thai thofe that grow in Spainc are fomewhat fwcete in tafle like a Parfneppe, and may be eaten in the fame manner, the roote hereof faith Monardm, whether raw or dreffed, or condited, as alfo the juice of the herbe taken bj tbemfelves, or with any other cordiall or Counterpoyfon, doth not onely helpe the biting ofthat fo venemous a Serpent the Efeuerfos, but ofthe Viper, ancfall other virulent creatures, the water diftillcd in giaffes, is a pre- fent remedy for all contagious fevers, for by canting fweate the infedlion is evaporated, and the ficke perfon re- flored, the fame alfo or the roote it felfe taken, is good againfl the paffions and tremblings of the heart, as alfc againfl fwounings,(adnes,&melancholy:the roote prelerved and taken falling.or the laid water drunke for fom< dayes together, doth open the obtlruftions of the liver, fpleene, and the other inward parts, as alfo helpethtc bring downe womens courfes, andtoeafethefuffocation, or otherdifeafes ofthe mother whatfoever, for ir thofe femininegriefes it hath a very powerfull effeeft as hath becne often and certainely fonnd true: it is alfc very good againfl the fwimmingor turning of the braine, and all other paines in the head, it is alfo very cordi¬ al! both to flrengthen the vitall lpirits, when they are much fnbjeft to faint or fwoune.as alfo againfl melancholj or fadnefle, that arifeth without manifetl caufe, if the clarified juice of the herbe be fet in the Stinne for certain: dayc,, and the purer liquor thereof mixed with a little hony, be dropped into the eyes, it both clearetli anc flrengthneth the fight, and taketli away the fpots and blemilhcs in them. The rootes preferved with Sugar.arc not onely very pleafant to the tafle, but efFeftiiall for many ofthe aforefaid griefes. CkaP.28. 41 'f ri'ee 7 t . The Theater of 1 Plantes . Chat. XXVIII. Tragopogon, Coates beard, a Lthongh it is not certainely knowne, that the Goates beardes have the like Alcxipharmiatll proper¬ ty,to expell venome and poyfon,as the Scorfoneras or Vipers graffes,yet becaufc they are fo like unto them in outward forme and manner of growing, they being but as [peeks cjpjdem gemrit, the Tra- or Goates beard, being the ftandard or genus, and herein principally differing, that all the Tratropogms are but annual, or perilhing after they have borne feede, and all the forts of Scorfonern, it living after feede time many yeares. I have thought it not amifle to joync them in neighbourhood as they bein :! kindred, whereof there be fundry forts, fome delivered in my former worke, others here to be exprefl'cd, and I! ofthem fome not written of by any before. 1. Tmgopogomstivtm. Sommer Goates beard. The Sommer Goatesbeard, (which I fo call becaufe it is but annuall, to be fowen in the Spring,and pcrifhing in the end of Sommer, when it hath given feed) is a fmall Plant, rifing up with one (hike little above a foote I hwh, whereon grow three or foure long and narrow leaves, yet Ihorter then in any of the other, that hath ; beene deferibed in my former booke, broader at the bottome then they, and growing leffe by little and little to 1 the end, of a pale grecne colour, with a whitiih ribbe in the middle : the ftalke brancheth out into two or three parts, each ofthem bearing a large greene head, wherein is contained a fmall flower, of a pale purplifh aflico- ; lour, opening onely in the morning, and (hutting up before noone, the long pointed ends of the huske or head, ; riling above the flower, which is not ufuall in mod of the other Goats beards; which being pad the head grow- cth greater, having the outermoft feedes greater and thicker then the reft, fpreading one from another, with no downe at all at the ends of them, but the (mailer feede being in the middle, are fmaller then any of the other, the roots is fomewhat long wooddy, pcrifhing before winter, andyeeldethbuta very little (hew of milke, when the leaves are broken, or the rootes being young. 2. T ragopogmmimu luteum. Small yellow Goatesbeard. The fmall yellow Goates beard, hath a fmall (lender ftalke, about a foote high,with very few leaves thereon,’ which are fomewhat long and narrow, as it were dented but rather waved about the edges.and of a pale greene ^lour, at the toppeofthe ftalke ftandeth one grecne head, like other Goates beards with pointed ends, enclo- fiiw a large flower of a pale yellow colour, like unto the greater yellow kinde, which yeeldcth fmall feed with downe at the endes of them, and fpreading in the fame manner, the roote is fomewhat long,and yeeldeth milke as the other doth. 3. TragopogonlacimatHmmapu. The greater Goats beard with jagged leaves. This jagged Goats beard hath his firft leaves, long, narrow, and fmooth at the edges,like unto the pulple Goats i.Tratppogonttftiwm. 3 - Tr.'gopcgonlac nittum majui. Sommer Goats beard, The greater Goats beard with Jagged leaves, Theatrum Botanicum. 412 Chap.28. R IB B T ragopogou purpureun. Purple Goatsbeard, beard, long and narrow at the bottomc, and broader to¬ wards the ends, but thofe that rile up afterwards, and thofe that grow next unto them upon the ftalke, are jagged or torne as it were on the edges, on both (ides in fome leaves, and in fome but upon the one, in Come alfo more divided, and others Jefl'e, of a paler greene colour underneath then abovejthe ftalke rifeth up to be about two foote high,with fuch leaves butfrnal- leronit tothetoppe, but leffe divided, and the uppermofl not at all, where it is branched into three or foure fmallcr parts, e- very one bearing a (mail greene head, like unto the ordinary kinde, not having any pointed leaves riling up, as is in the pur¬ ple and fome other forts, enclofing within it a lmaller yellow flower, then the ordinary yellow fort, opening in the mor¬ ning, and (hutting at noone, which being pad, there commeth fuch like feede, but fmallcr and not rough, the roote is long and blackifh on the outfide, and white within, yeelding milke as others doe, and perifhing after feede time, as others doe, 4 . Tragopogonlaciniatumminw. The lefler Goats beard with Jagged leaves. This lefler kinde, (hooteth forth fiom a long and fome- vvhat thicke roote, brownifh on the outfide, divers long and very narrow leaves, more.finely cut in on the edges, and into farre fmallcr parts then the former, among which rileth up the ftalke a foote and a halfe high or better,with fome fuch like leaves thereon, but fmaller, and It ffe divided at the toppe where it is divided into three or foure branches, with every one a flower on them, like unto the laft, but of a paler yellow colour, (landing in greene heads, without beardys, as mod of the forts of yellow" Goats beards doe, and after yeeldeth the like head of long rough feede, with downe at the ends of them as others doe. 5 . Tragopogon hiteum anguftifolium. Common Goats beard with narrow leaves. This Goatsbeard is very like unto the common yellow kind, but chat it is not fo great, nor rileth up fo high, andhathmuch narrower, or rather graffe like leaves, and a mod as long, the flowers are nor fo !arge,’norfo thicke ofleaves, and give the like feede. 6 . Tragopogcnhirfutum bumi'e. Small rough Goats beard. This likewifediffereth not much from the laft, but that it is lower, and the leaves are not fo long and nar¬ row, but a little broadcr,fhorter, and rough withall, on both edges fet with haites, as in the hairy wood graffe, the flowers are fmall and yellow Uke the laft, but lefler, and fo is both feede and roote. 7 . Tragopogon hiteum Apulum. Goats beard of Naples. This Goats beard of Naples, bath many very long narrow leaves, fomewhat broader then the next fmaft pur¬ ple kind, but fomewbat hairy, fome of them growing upright, and others bend ing downewards, among which a ftalke rifeth fcarfe higher then the leaves, bearing a large greene bearded huske", contrary to all other, with yellow flowers, containing a flower which confifteth of many yellow fhort leaves, more like a Hawke-weed, then a Goatsbeard, which pafieth with the downe at the feed like others, and not halfe fo great but yellowifh, and fmaller at the lower end, where others are greater. S* Tragopogon crocifoliumpurpitreum. Small purpIeGoats beard. This fmall purple Goats beard hath many very long and narrow leaves, lying on the ground at the he ad of the roote, the ftalke divideth itfelfe into three or foure reddifh branches, fet with fome leaves thereon, all of them narrower then grade leaves, very like unto the narrow long leaves, of the manured or Englijh Saffron, with a white line downe the middle of them,and hard in handling, each of the branches bearing a bearded greene huske, with a darke purple flower therein, dented at the endes of the leaves thereof, and having yellow threds fprink- led with meale as it were in thebotromeofthem, as the greater purple flower hath, and openeth but in the mor¬ ning, and clofeth at noone in the fame manner, after which come the feede, fpreading into a round globe or head, with the^lowne at the ends of them, as in the greater, the roote is great and long, yeelding milke asthe others. 9, Tragopogon Apulum fuaverubeut . Rofe coloured Goats beard. The Rofe coloured Goats beard fendeth forth many long and narrow leaves Uke unto Graffe, with a white line in the middle of them, fmooth and gentle, if you take them upwards, but as tough as Early leaves, ftroakin® them downewards, and broadeftat thefettingto of the ftalke, which is two foote high, fcatfely dividing it felfe into any branches, but beareth at the toppe one large and great head, inrefpeft of the Plant, parted into eight long leaves or beatdes, in the middle thereof is the flower, confiding of tenne or twelve leaves, of a pale pur¬ ple or blufli colour, neereunto a DamaskeRofe, having divers blackiftt blew threds in the middle of them.with a mealy dull; upon them, which being paft, the head or huske groweth fomewhat narrow, with a long necke, containing within it the feed, which is not fafhioned into around globe, with downe at the lieadof the feedes, as in all the former except the firft, it hath five longer and greater feedes on the outfide, with little or no downe at the ends ofthem, and the lefler in the middle, with a little downe at the ends,which are yellowifh and fmooth but the leaft of all other .■ the roote is long and (lender,even the finalieft of all, white downewards and fomewhat Tr ib e.j. The Theater of 'Plants. Chap,^, 413 hard but more reddifh at the roppe. This is very like the former dr annuall Goates beard if itbenocthe fame. Camerarm in his Horttu Median maketh mention of one with a white flower,which I never law yet nor heard vlonAlbt, of by any other. The Place. The firft was fent me out of Italy among other feedes, but from whence they had it I know not. The fecond as Battinnw faith groweth about Montpelier, and fo doth the fourth alfo. The third groweth in many places, )I both in Italy and Spaine, for I had feedes thereof out of Spaine, by my friend Bodies that gathered them : the lift I found in the Medowes about London, and other places of our land, but not fo plentifully as our greater i 1 yellow kinde: the fixth, feventh, .eighth and ninth, grow on the hills in Naples, as Calumna recordeth, both in y his Phytobafanos, ;and fiirpium minw cognttarum hifiorid; The Time. Thefe doe flower about the time of the others, which is in the end of May, ox mime, and the feede is ripe S fooneafter ibutallof them,except thefirft, doe abide greene the firft Winter after it is fowen, or dothrifeof i its owne fowing, and flowreth and feedeth the next yeare after: but the firft as 1 faid, flowreth and feedeth the i fame yeare, and mull be new fowen every yeare, for I never ktnwitfpringfrom any ieede, that itihed i icfelfe. The Names. It is called in Greeke, vf and ’tpctjondytr, Tragopogon, Tar ha hires and Barbula hire}, and Yttfttzryar Tar ha fenti, quod a calyee Jemma promt fee Inrci vel fenie harbor inftar pendent • fo fay both Diofcorides Z x\d Theo- phraftus, The firft came to me with the fame name, 1 have let with it in the title Tragopogon ajiivum : the fecond TSatihimt! cMcxhTragopogonfolio ohlongojirmato: the third, both Angttillara mentioneth, calling it AcorwThco. fbrafti as he faith others did, and Fabim Colttmna in his Phytobafanos Tragopogon laciniatis folijs. The fourth Tanhixus calleth Tragopogon tenutjjtme laciniatttm. The fift is called by Tabermontamu Barbula hirci minor, and by Taukinm Tragopogon gramineo folio radice villofa.lhe fixt Columna calleth Tragopogon Apnltim hirfutum humile-,m& Batthinus Tragopogon hirfutumflhe feventh Colttmna calleth Tragopogon Apulum humile hirfutum lutettm; the eighth Columna alfo calleth Tragopogon crocifolinm montanumfore nigra pttrpureoflnd Batthinus Tragopogon purpuro carule - vm crocifolium. The laft is called by Columna Tragopegon gramineo folio fttave rubente fiore. Jome have doubted that thisisnot the7"r^op«jji!«of‘Dw/con^aand Theophrajlw., becaufe the leaves of the tnoft of them are greater than the leaves of the Saffron, butnotwithftanding it is generally taken to be the tight, becaufe of the head of feede, which agreeth fo well thereto, as no plant elfe can doe the like; and befidcs Colttmna hath fet forth feme efthofe before recited, which agreeth better with Diofcorides and Theopbrafha Saffron leaves, than any of the reft, which therefore he taketh to be the trueft. It is called in Italian Safifrica-^nd with (omcSafffca,3nd barb a dibecco tin Spanijb BarbaCabrona,m&BarbadiCabron : in French Barba do bone : in High Dutch Bocksbarti in Loro Dutch Boexbaert ende Iofepht bloemen: in F.nglifh Goates beard, and goe to bed at Noone, or Noone tide, and of fome Starre of Ierufalem, and others after theDam^ word Iofepht flower : of fome alfo Saxifrage. The Verities . The rootes of the greater wild yellow kinde chiefely, as alfo of the other kinde* here fet forthbeing dreffed as aParfneppe.is more delicate and pleafant to the tafte in eatingtthe rootes boyled and dreffed (or asfomedoeate them raw) is a fine iallct like wife to be eaten cold, and are very acceptable to the ftomacke,helping to ftrengthen them that are growing into a confumption, or are become fpareand leane by fome long fickneffe : the diftilled water faith Tragus, is the moftprefent remedy that is to helpe inward impoftumes (fuch as is the Pleurifie ^ and all other paincs and flitches in the Tides t the Italians ufe it much and often againft all the griefesof the ftomacke, both to take away the heart burne as we call it ( which is an hoc and fharpe humour in the ftomacke fretting and paming.it) and doth helpe alfo in adejefled appetite, to incite and ftirre it up, as alfo againft the defefls of the breaft or liver, and to helpe to expell gravell and the ftone from the reynes, kidneies, and bladder, whereof the name Saffifrica, which is as muchasbrcakeftone, declarcth the propertie : fome doe hold opinion, that the purple and afhcoloured kindes being more bitter, aftringentand abfterfive, have a more binding and denting qualirie than the others, and are therefore onely to be ufed for medicament, and the others as nutriment, and that they onely are effedluall to all the purpofes before recited. Chap, XXIX. Echittm. W ilde Bugloffe, or Vipers Bugloffe,,' Lufm that painefull and induftrious fearcher of plants,hath given us the knowledge of many more forts of Vipers Buglofle as he hath dontof many other plants, than any before him; whereof I meane to en* treats in this place, and with them fome others alfo. i. Echittmvttlgare. The common Vipers Bugloffe. The common Vipers Bugloffe hath many long rough leaves, lying on the ground, from among which rife up divers hard round (hikes, very rough, as if they were thicke fee with prickles or fiaires, wherein are fet, fuch like long rough hairic or prickly fad greene leaves, fome what narrow, the middle ribbe for the moft part being white : the flowers ftandat the toppe of the (talkes, branched forth into many longfpiked leaves of flowers bowing or turning like the Turnefole, all of them opening for the moft part on the one fide, which are long and hollow turning up the brimmes a little, of a purplifti violet colour, in them that are fully blowne, but tnorereddifh while they are in the bndde, and not blowers open, as alfo upon their decay and whithering, but in fome places of a paler purple colour, with a long pointcll in the middle, fethered or parced at the toppe: after the flowers are fallen, the feedes ( growing to be ripe, and endofed in round heads) are blackifh, cornered and pointed fome what like unco the head of a Viper: the roote is fomewhac great and blackifh and wooddy. when it groweth coward feede time, and periiheth in the VVinter. Nn s i. Echimtt li r Iff;.. lv j 414 c HAP. 2 9 * Theatrum Botanicum. Tri BE 2. Ecbium vulgare [lore albo, Whitafiowred Vipers Buglofle. There is little difference in any thing betweene this and the former, but in the colour of the flowers, w hich in thi- is of a white colour wholly, and the leaves of a Little frefhergrecne colour, and in fome places groweth greater. 3. Ecbium fore rubro. Red flowred VipersiBuglofie. The red wilde Buglofle isalfo like the former, but that his hairy ftalkes are fometimes marked with purplifh fpots, and the leaves thereof fome what broader ; the flowers which (Land in the fame crooked and bowing man¬ ner, upon fhort foote ftalkes, are of a brave red colour, and in fome a little paler: the feede and rootes are alike and differ not. 4. Ecbium pullo [lore, Vipefs Euglofle with dai ke reddifh purple flowers. This wilde Buglolfe hath fhorter (lalkes, and not fo rough, but rather foft and woolly, whereon (land leaves, more thinnely placed, and without order: toward the toppeof the ftalkes it brancheth forth into divers fliorc fprayes, with lome flowers on them, but not fo plentifully as in the former, and are of a dead or darke blackifh purpler colour: there is no difagreement either in feede or roote. 5. Ecbium Crcticum Utifoliumrubrum, Red flowred Vipers Buglofle of Canty, This Candy wilde Bugloffe, hath large rough leaves lying on the ground, of a fife betweene Buglofle and Plan-* tane leaves, betweene whom rifeth up round rough ftalkes, two foote high, fometimes divided into many bran¬ ches, with divers rough fmaller leaves on them to the toppes, which are bowing in the fame manner with the former, from whence grow holllow flowers, ending in five cornered brimmes like unto the reft, of an excellent pale red or blufh colour at the firft, and more purplifh afterwards, (landing in rough huskes, made of fivefmall leaves a peece : the feede that followeth is like the reft. 6 . Ecbium Creticum angufoifoliumrubnim, Spotted Vipers Bugloffe of Candy. This fpotted wilde Buglofle hath rougher leaves and ftalkes than the laft, riling not fufly fo high, but both ftalkes and leaves marked with red fpots, almoft 2s much as the ftalkes of Dragons, but the fpottes on the leaves are paler than on tneftalkes; the leaves are very long, but narrower than the laft the flowers Hand in the fame manner that the others doe, offo orient a red colour, that they will not lofe it, butkeepe their bravery after many yeares keeping drie : in the reft it is like t' e former. 7. Ecbiumpumilum flore lutco, Dwarfe yellow Vipers Bugloffe. This dwarfe kinde is in all things like the former Vipers Bugloffe, but in the fmallneffe of the whole plant, not growing to be a foote high : the leaves like wife are thereunto anfwerable, and fo are the flowers alfo, of a pale yellow colour but not fo bufhieas it. 8- Ecbioidcs lute a minima. The leaft yellow baftard Vipers Bugloffe. This little baftard wilde Buglofle, hath divers leaveslying upon the ground, not above two inches long, and 1 . Ecbium vulgare. The common Viper* B uglofTe. 3. Ecbium fore rubro> Red flowred V ipers Buglofle, l|f Tribe 3. The Theater of‘Plantes. Chap,29, 415 4. Eshium pulloJlore, Vipers SM&lofte wish darkc reddith flower to 11 . 12 . Echium Creticum album & nigrum. Hoary white and blacke Vipers Buglofle of Candf* not full halfe an inch broad,thicke,rough,and a little hard,but thofc that grow upward upon the ftalke which is a foote high, are fomewhat broader, rough and whitifh, the leaves that grow towards the toppes being marked with yellowifh purple fpots : the toppe of the ftalke is branched, and beareth fmall yellow long hollow flowers, like the other j the feede contained in the huskes are fmall, foure for the mod part fet together in a head or huske, and fomewhat like the reft .* the roote is fmall and fomewhat long,browne on the outfide, and white within. 9. Echioides parva alba, The lmall white Vipet* Buglofle, This fmall white wilde Buglofle, is in moft things like unto the laft, but that the leaves have no fpots upon them, and the flowers are pale almoft white ; the feede differeth not, bu.t the roote is very lmall and threddy, yet browne as the other. 1 o. Echium Hifyamcum flore calcari donato , Small Spanifh Vipers Buglofle with fpurres. This fmall plant which Eauhinw referrethunto the kindes of wilde Buglofle, becaule I am not well acquainted with it, muft pafle as he hath called it, and that you may know it, he thus deferibeth it; from a wooddie fibrous, browne coated roote, rife divers round and fomewhat hairie ftalkes, fome of an hand breadth long, and othersj fhorter bending downe wards,compa fled with a few thicke leaves,likc unto the mountaine Specdewell but thic¬ ker and rougher: the flowers that grow at the tops, are holloWjlong,and ending in foure brimmes like unto the other forts, but of a blew colour, having a fpurre or taile behind, like thofe of Todeflaxe ; the feede is long, rough, and blacke like the other. 11. Echium Creticum album. Hoarie white Vipers Buglofle of Candy . This Candy plant hath many thicke long and narrowifh hoary leaves, fomewhat like thofe of Alkonet, fet full of fliarpe haires, from whence rifefundry fmall hand-high ftalkes, round and rough likewile with a few fmal- ler leaves fparfedly fet thereon, at whole toppes ftand tufts of yellow flowers in lmall long rough huskes uftto whom fmall white feede doe fucceede of the likenefle of Vipers heads, and of the bignefie of wheate cornes: the roote i^long blacke fmall and woddie, divided into other fmaller partes. 1 2. Echium Creticum nigrum. Blacke Vipers Buglofle of Candy. Thisdaintie Ccind.c Buglofle groweth high with many fliarpe prickly thicke ftalkes bending downewards fet full of thicke long leaves as fharpely fet with prickly haires as the ftalkes, and ending in a fharpe point; at the toppes of the ftalkes,and likewife at the joy nts with the leaves, come forth faire large bell flowers with open brimmes, fome of them being blew, either pale or deepe. others more purple with foure or five fmalLthreds in their middles, after whofe fading rife blacke Viperhead-like feede in long cods, or feede veffells; from whence the name of that, was impofed to diftinguiflb it from the other with white feede; it hath a Angle long white roote of a thombes bignefle, and fmall at the end: the whole plant is of little fent, but of a fweetifh fharpe 4i 6 Chap. 30, Theatrum c Botanicum , Fri b £,5. The place . Thefirftgroweth wildealmoft every where .The fecond about the Caftlewalles of fewer inS*j fex. The third and fourth in Hangar], and Austria, The fifth and fixth in Candy, The feaventh and tenth in Spaine. The eighth andninthonthehilsintheKingdome of Naples, as Cohmna reporteth. The eleventh and twelfth in Candy, The Time. They all flower in Sommer, and their feede is quickely ripe after. The Names, It is called in Greeke £'*'"> Echinm,dt.ni$ixJ)or k ataipUr Alcibiailim, tni Alcibion, or Alcibiacum, of the firft finder thereof, who being bitten by a Viper, gathered this herbe, and chewing ir, and fwallowing downe the juice, and applying the reft ofthe herbe to the bitten place, freed himfelfe from danger,Vfpa/tr'wr faith it was cal¬ led 0 »fi.ffi£or thcriorrhizon,Vipcree radix and eX'-W, from the forme of the feede,which as Diofcorides faith is like the head of a Viper, and thereof tooke the name Echittm, yet fome others lay from the effefts in the rootes, to cure the bitings ofthe Viper, in Latine alfo £ 'chium, ofmoft Authours, yec of fome Bugloffum filveflre viperimm dr Serpent aria, and feme alfo tooke it for Anchufa, as 7 haluu, and Cefalpinm, and under that name faith the feede ofthe CWy forts were lent him. Cordm on ‘Diofcorides called the firft Lycopfu and Laments Bugloffum fylveflre. Camcrariw and UlTatthio/m mention the fecond, Clufim the third, fourth, fifth, and fixth, and the feventh in his Cure poJleriores,Columna the eighth, and ninth, and 'Bauhintu the tenth, under their feverall titles as they are here exprefled, the two laft by A/pinm in his booke de plantie exoticis. It is called ofthe Italians Echio and Buglej]a Salvatica. Ofthe Spaniards Terva di Us bivoras. Of the French Borrachefurnace, and V herbe,nx injures. Ofthe Germans wild ockjen fong. Of the Dutch monmld offentonghe. In Enghfh wild Bu^loHe, and Vipers Bugloffe. The Verities. It is as you have heard, by the firftfinder out of it, an efpcciall remedy againft the biting ofthe Viptr, and of all other Serpents or venemous creatures, as alfo againft poyfon, and poylonfull herbes, it is added further by Diofcorides and others, thatwhofoeverlhalltakeoftheherbeorroote, before they be bitten, fhallnot be hurc by the poyfon of any Serpent. And Ithinke from this and fome other the like qualities in herbes, to heale the difeafes, whereof fome forme may be feene in them, hath come the application of many other, whole formes have beene imagined to havebeene found in them, which they call Signature plantarum, whereof Cro/lius in his Bafilica chymica, hath given demonftration ot all the parts ot the body, from the head to the foote, andmorc- overofmany the difeafes ofthe body, and of divers other things, whereof they that will reade his worke may be better informed that dclire the know ledge thereof; the rootes or ftedes, are thought to be molt effeftuall for theforefaid caufes, as alfo to comfort the heart, and to expcll ladnellc, and caufekfle Melancholy, it tempers the blood, and allayes the hot fits of agues, the lccde drunke in wine procureth aboundance of milke in womens brefts ; the fame alfo being taken, ealeth the paines in the loincs, backe, and kidneies, the dittilled water of the herbe, when itisin hischiefeftftrength, that is in flower is excellent to be applyed inwardly or oucwardly, for all the griefes aforefaid, There is a fyrupe made hereof, very effeftuall for the comforting of the heart, and ex¬ pelling fadnefli and melancholly, which is made in this manner. Take of the clarified juice ofthe com. mon wilde or Vipers Eugloffe foure pound, of fine Sugar three pound, ofthe infufion ofthe flowers thereof one pound, boyle thele gently unto the confidence ofa fyrupe, which keepe by you, to life as you fhall have caufe. But becaufeir is lomcwhat hard to preffe forth this juice, by rcafonof the fiiminelfe thereof, it is fit that after you have beaten the herbe well, you fee it dole covered in a cold cellar, or other cold, and moift place for two dates and nights,and then wring or prefle forth the juice, and clarifie it with the whites of egges beaten, and pafled gently ofitfelfe, through athicke Hippocrat bagge ; andbecaufemany know not howtomakethe mfirlion, before lpokcn of rightly as it Ihould be, it is thus. Gather of the flowers of the faid wild Budofl'c a good quantity, which you fhall put into a pot, with fome water, being made boyling hot aforeliand, ftoppe the pot clofe untill it be cold, and then wring forth the infufion; you may renew the infufion,by putting in frefh flo wers as betore, once or twice more, if you will have it ftrong of the flowers. Chap. XXX. Eraxinella five Diptammss Mm. Falfewhite Dittany. > Have given you the dcfcriptionsofall the forts of falfe Baftard Dittany, or white Dittany, in rm former Booke, whercunto I referreyou, 1 fhall onely here exhtbite the figure and amplifie the 3 Vermes. D r | Eraxinella may more fitly be called falfe whicc Dittany,then baftard Dittany, becaufe there is ont ,. a * read y ; et ' orthlin the firft Tribe or Clafiis by the name of Trended,a amnut, Baftard Dittany, lead two herbes ibould be called by one name, and then neither fhould be well underftood when they were callcc lortcuitinft epithises is moft reqtufite therefore to avoid confufion. The Vert ties. orhnm v Dittan ? th . e " !s £“ tin g and *ying, the rootes which are moft in ufe doe attenuate or make thir » 1 e humours,it openeth obftrufttons, provoketh the menftrnes and urine, and clenfeth that which is foule ant and a'S he n IVI b ,° th agalnft . P 0 ^?"’ and the y enome of Ser P e "R.and other poyfonfull creatures ana againU the pettilence, and other contagious difeafes,to take a dramme or two ofthe powder of the roote ir T/ “ItwllhTf 0 taken,killeth the wormes ofthe belly.breaketh theftonSngft toavoid ml u line, it warmeth and cleanfeth the matrixe, expelleth the deadchilde, and after-birth if the part befu ds 8 and h^ieth t inwa^h nir ° yal i ,0r ‘ ^ eafcth the ^ aineS and torm<:nK in the inward parte or bow i™ in ward hurts and wounds: it is much commended againft the Hpilepfie or falling ficknefie, and o Ch a p>' Chap; XXXI Galega . Jlolocbia doth , and aienot much unlikeit but of a darke or fullen yellow colour, and fomewhat lefle alfo; after which come very fmall heades with feede * fomewhat like to the Piflolocbia but letter: the rootes are a number of very fmall blackifh gray fibres or threds,as lmall almoft ashaires, which haveboth an aromaticall and refinous fmcll, when thev are drie more than when they are greene, and of an aromaticall refinous aftringenc tafte, without any great or manifpft Polyihiio: Virginians. The rattle Snakeweede of Virginia. - _ The Place. c groweth very frequent in the upper parts of our Virginian plantation, in the fields and rhamnirmrnnnn-.v to ... “The Time. I: Howreth with us in Ime and Iulj. • The Names. ^ Ittbrit Tribe 3, The Theater of Tlantes. CHAP.35, 421 hubrimt Virgmiana, 1 have kept the fame Enghjb name, untill another of better rcfpedf may be given unto it. Bu t «-here is a cornuted Carnutm that among his American plants, calleth this (a home plague oil his head for his la¬ bour) Snaoroel or Snagroel not hr Anglia. the envy vvas bafe, whereby he wrote fo, yet would colour it in that he j tould not'write true,"but falfd SngliPi and Latine too, it were not amiffe therefore that he were wliipt at the iiifchoole for it. The Vert net. j It is both a mofl certaine and prefent remedy againft the venome of the Rattle Snake, which is a Serpent of [»large fife, farre greater then any Snake or Adder with us, having naturally under the throate, certaine loofe shard skinny fealesi which by motion grate one againft another, making a creking noife, which our people called lia rattle, not that it hath any rattle indeed, but thisnoyfeit maketh, ftirre itfelfe never fo little, yet ufually it is ffoquickeand wary in leaping at any, that it doth it not but luddenly: Now the manner of the ufing hereof, is [this (God ofhisgoodneffe providing a remedy,out of the fame place and ground, from whencesthecvill doth .proceed,) as foone as any is bitten by. that creature, (for oftentimes it happeneth that fome arc bitten, before 'they can avoid the Serpent, the manner of them being to leape fuddenly upon one, that the rattle cannot be heard ilbefore they be bitten) they cake of this herbe and chaw it in their mouches, and fwallow downe the juice there¬ of, andalfo apply of the herbe to the wound or bitten place, which inftantly cureth them ; for being taken (quickly after they be bitten, it doth fo defend the inward parts, that the party feeleth not fo much almoft as any (outward paine, much leffe any of thofe inward Symptomes, are incident to thofe that doe not prefcntly ufe this (remedy, this is the prefent helpe of the prelent hurt, but if it fo happen that any being bitten, cannot get of this rherbe in any reafonable time, he dyeth certainely, yet if within twelve homes after the biting; he doe ufe this iremedy, it will afiuredly recover him, but with more trouble and paine, and with longer time, before it hath iwought a perfeftcure, for itis evident, that the poyfon ofthis Serpent piercech the blood, which runneth with all the fpeed it can unto the heart, the chiefeft fortreffe of life and health, which being infedfed, death mult ne- Iceffariiy and fpeedily follow, but if it be defended by the vertue and force of any medicine, it preferveth the lone, and expellerh and untterlydefeateth the intent of the other. The powder of the herbe and roote taken in wine or other drinkc, hath beene found a certaine and prefent cure for the biting of a madde dogge : as alfo to icure both the quartaine ague within three times taking, viz., halfe a dramme, or if neede be a whole dramme at a time before the accede of the fit, and any other ague,or peftilentian feaver, or the peftilence it felfe. Chap. XXXV. Alexiphttrmacttm Indicum five Contrayerva Hifpanorum. The Indian Spanillr Counterpoyfon. engendred, but we in viewing many dryed rootes thatcame from Spaine unto us, have obferved no good forme of any Tlowcr-deluce in the roorc, nor have feene any roote to ex¬ ceed the bignefie of ones thumbe, and not one of many to be fo great, but for the mod part of the bignefie of a finger or leffe, and not any fo long, but ufually no longer then a joynt or two at the moft, not fo fmooth on the outfide as the roote of white Orrit or the Flowerdeluce,but more rugged in all,& in fome more knobbed, (that is, with fmall knobs or bunches flicking out allalong the roote) then in others, which are of an even fife, and fome againe are greater at the one end, and fmaller at the other, divided as it were by little fpaces, in the growing almoft like the greater Figgewort roote,or the roote of DentariaCoralloides, being of a yellowifh browne colour on the outfide, and in fome more blacke, but white on the infide, with many fibres or firings growing from them, this roote lyeth or creepeth under the upper cruft of the ground, JikeastheFlower-deluce, Tormentill,Biftort, and the like Oo 422 C hap . 35. 7 bec.tr u.m Botanicum. R IB E I:> DJ 1 f I 3 doe, and doth not grow downe right, like other forts of rootes, and area little warmc or hot in tatte upon th ton°ue, drawing water as Pelhnry of Spaiite, but nothing lb hot nor fharpe.or drawing rtaeumc lo much,whicl is not well perceived, unlefl'e heedfully observed, neither doth the heate abide any long time alter the chewim but is foone gone, leaving the roote almolt like a dry chip, e without any manildt Itipticity, aflringency, 0 aromatirity, that I could perceive, although Monardw larch it hach.and judgeth it to be hot and dry in the leconr degree. 'The Place, It growetli faith UtoiMw/ai in Cbarciu,mA as Fcrrm aforefaid, laith mTonfaglia, provinces in Peru, i n th< Well-Indies ,and in fornc other places there, and Irom thence brought into Spaine, and lo to ocher Countryes. The Time, We muft abide the time to know further hercot, belore we can declare it to any other. The Thames. CATonardva firft wrote hereof from the intelligence he had by Ofmm Letter to him, and called it Radicci Vent nis adirerfdntes, and laid the Spaniards called it Contrajerva, which is as much as Alexipharmacum, a counter poyfon,or rootes refilling v’enome and poyfon ; efpecially of that wherewith the Indians t by dipping their arrow heads therein,killed both the Spaniards and other their enemies in their warres, and the wild bealts whom the] hunted,ind is the fame alfo that C fat put calleth Drakena radix. I have given it the title of Alcxipharmacum Indi cttmfit'e Contrayervd Hifpanor/tm t 2n\din Jinglifb the IndianSpanijh Counterpoyfon, from both places and pro perties. The Vermes. The rootes hereof (faith Monardw,? etrus dc Ofma and Iofua Petros made into powder, and taken in whit< W ine is a mod: prelent remedy againft all manner of venomes and poyfons,of what kinde foever they be( excep¬ ting tjfacrcurie Sublimate onely, which is to be cured by drinking of no other thing but milke ) by forcing th< poyfon upward by vomit, and avoiding and expelling it by 1 wearing’ the powder drunke in the fame mannei (they fay) refifteth fuch charmc or the like witchery, that is uled in lu'.h drinkes that are given to procure love T t like wife killeth the wormes of the belly, and is alfo good againft agues, either tertian , quotidian, or qttartaine, tc be taken before the camming of the fit, which will not onely hinder or leflen the fits, but by continuing the ufi thereof, will utterly take them away- I have knowne foinothat have made a compofition of the powders of thu TooiQ > r Bez.arflone and Scorfoneraxoozts made into a made or lumpe, to be ufed upon occahon againft poyfons anc infections of the Plague, or any ocher contagious difeafe as the fmall pox, purples, meafles, or other that raid fpots in the flefh, and is a moil foveraine cordiall to preferve the heart and the vitall fpirits from danger, anc to expell it by fweating ; &c. For the laid F err us faith, that the fBewfione is engendred in the beaft that breedetf it by the vertue of this herbe which it eateth, and by the naturaJl difpolition of the beaft, lome alfo adde untc that confetFion, fome other things, as befides Scorjonera rootes,Biftort, Tormentill,or the like, as every ones a£ feeftion leadeththem more or lefie. Ferrw faith he made a try all hereof with the t eft Treakle, and found it mor< cfFecFuall for the difeafes aforefaid. Againe he faith, that the Indians doe not eate the bodies of thofe they have Paine by their poyfoned arrowes, untill they have lyen three or foure dayes with their wounds wafhed with the juice of this herbe, which rendereth them tender and fit to be eaten, which before were hard. Vnto this Claflls alfo fhould appertaine divers other Plants, but that fome of them are already deferibed, and fet forth in my former Booke, as LMirobilio^c. And of the Antidotes, or remedies againft poyfon > fome arc there alfo fet forth, as Angelica,Cardans Benedtflus, &c. And fome likewife not onely in the firft Tribe of this worke here before,as Cbamapitjt,&c,bwV\n^n^iy ozh^v[ClaJJies l \\QiQof i as they happen to be entreated of in their order. SAXI- R IBE.4> The Theater of Tlants. Chap.i. 425 SAXIFRAGE PLANTS NEPHRITIC^ SIVE CALCV- LV<5M SAXIFRAGES OE Stone Plants. QVARTA, CHAP. I, 1. Saxifrttg* M .« vulgaris. The common white Saxifrage or Breakeftone. Here are fo many and divers forts of herbes that beare the name of Saxifrage, that is, S i from the effefts in breaking and expelling the (lone, much diffei ing in forme one from fib ; an other,that I have therefore thought a fmall good to make a peculiar Claflis of them, Ji and yet not of all,for there are fiindry V mbelliferous and other plants,which cannot fo fitly be fevered from their owne Tribes. o i This whiteSaxifrage that is moft common in our land, hath a few fmall reddifh ker- nells orrootes, covered with fome skins, lying among divers fmall blackilh fibres, which fend forth divers round faint, or yellowifh gretne leaves, and grayifh un¬ derneath, lying above the ground, unevenly indented about the edges, and fomewhat hairy, every one upon a little foote (hike ; from whence rifeth up a round brownilh hairy greenc (hike, two or three foote high, with a few fuch like round leaves thereon as grow be low, but fmal- Ier, and branched fomewhat at the toppe, whereon (land pretty large white flowers of five leaves apeece, with fome yellow threds in the middle, (handing in long crelled brownifh greene huskes: after the flowers are pall fometimes arifeth a round hard head,by-forked at the toppe, wherein is contained fmall blackifh feede, but ufu- ally they fall away without any feede, which yet is not that which is called white Saxifrage feede.for thofefame kernells or graines of the rootes, are they which are ufually called the white Saxifrage feede and fo ufed. 7. Saxifraga albaalxera bulbifera. The Monntaine white kernelly Saxifrage. This other white Saxifrage is very like the former in every part, but yet hath many efpecially differences to dilfinguifh it, as firft in the rootes, which although they are round, red,and bulbous likewe other,yet are they twife as great, and made as it were of feale's or cloves,one laid upon another, like the roote of a Lilly ■ the leaves are round and hairy, but fomewhat lefler, with brownifh foote ftalkes: the ftalkes are greater, having leaves thereon, as in the former, but at every joynt with the leafe commcth forha a fmall bulbe or kernell, like unto thofeat the roote, which when it is thorough ripe, wiil encreafe to be plants, as the bulkes of the bulbed Lilly, or of the bulbed Corrall roote will: the flowers and heades with feede are alike the bulbes on the ftalkes by the Cutters fault arc not fpecified in the figures. 5. Saxifragaalba Alpha. Mountaine Saxifrage without kernelly rootes. This Monntaine Saxifrage groweth fo like unto the firft white Saxifrage, that Bauhimu caketh it to be no other but the very fame with the firft, but there is fome varietie therein ; firft, in , that this fpringech up with fewer leaves at the ground, yetroundand like to the white Saxifrage, then, although it hath fmall ftalkes, with leaves thereon like it, yet atthetoppes it hath pale yellowifh flowers: and laftly the rootes are wholly compofed of long firings or fibres, not having any of thofe fmall knots or kernells,that the former hath growing amongft them. The Place. The firft of thefe groweth in many places of our owne land, in the lower rrioift, as alto in the upper drie cor¬ ners of Medotves, and gralTie fandy places, on the backefide of Grapes Ime, where M r . Lambes Conduit heade ftandeth. The fecond groweth on the hills in the Kingdome of Naples-, the laft on the high luowie Alpei under the trees. ik Oo 2 Tribe 4 The Time' They Rower in iMay, and then they are gathered [both for the frf r ,„„ T t j • t. r grames or kemells at the rootes, or upon the ualkes, as alfo to dift.TI fr ' m W n\, 1 laid > thefm when any heate commeth. r4 ;^;™._ tod ‘t l ‘ll--irqmcklyper,fliethdownetothegrou" This herbe is called Saxifrage or Saxifratria. from the effect m hr^^l.c a /e i r Greeke or antient Latinc Writers, that we can findej and X from r h. fl ^ b , Ut , not k , n .°\ VnC r ,° of . fr °™ f cl je other forts. The firft is generally called SaxifraJaih^ bv fl? h ‘° Che Id orides, becaufe of the kernelly rootes /of ■Baah.JJundiM OT th /J? odcrne , Wr J cers J Ub J l , add htmrn onely maketh mention of the lecond, by the name G f SalifZ ^ ‘ from him Sax.frara adfilia 6Mos : tl e laid calked h??' A ■*' M 5 : keth it different: inEnglifl, white Saxifrage or Breakeflone: the/rahaneandT'^fd 11 rt-} 6 ’ r‘ the French Romptpirrre and hlLhe : the germ.,ns and OuuZZ s/ZZth ““ “ . Vert ties . « his Saxifrage being fomewhat bitter, and held to be hot and dnV-'nt-l-.,. r jj * other fort of Saxifrage whatfoever toclenfe the ^e slU Kj^^ n SS^^B , 7' , i ,,efli!ani, “ as: them, and to expell it and rhe graved by urine ■ to provoke urine oirTk j dlflolve the (lone engenderec frranguryor,,i|n g bydroppef:forwh y ichbeing flopped and to helpe powder of the fmall kernelly rootes, which iscalled the feedetaken ,, rootes ln w u hlt = wm 5’ “ made w,th white wine is mod nfuall. The diftilled waterof t£ who eh h 0 T fl the ^ ftuall m a manner, fo it is much more familiar to be taken of any ttoha ^ ^ T tes and flower ?> a ^ ,t , 1 r s el mens courfes, and freeth and clenfeth the (fomacke and l,m™ r * “ 5 ? T de , thereof 5 it provoketh alfo v and canfeth it the more eafily to be avoided, S fcom thlcke and tou S h negme.that troubleth Chap. s «xiJr*z**Iha'Petrta. White RockeSaxifrage. I it hath therewit^'^Idhndeth forth from!’ r ' ,0 y ned next unt0 the former, for the neare affim | fomwhat hafry tdtnZr lon S TCdd ^ r0 ° te .’ wkb lo ™ <&!« thereat, div J rifeth upabrownifhhairyftalke ahrur a / Utin °" ed g ds )than rhofe of rhe former,among wh tome to the top™^ ftorcd branches fromtheb Tr 1 B e 4. T he Theater of Plants» 'BA P.3. Saxifrage. albapctrxa. White Rot lit Saxifrage. time growing to be the feede veffell.hath divers fmall feede contained within it; the cade of the leaves are fweecifh at the firll, but a little fharpe afterwards. The Place . It groweth on Mount Baidas, not farre from Verona, in the territory of the Venetians . The Time. This flowreth in the naturall places in the end of lane, and the feede is ripe l’oone after,and perifheth wholly after¬ wards. The Thames. It is called by T'ona who fet forth the defeription of Mount TSalAut, and what plants doe grow in every part thereof,by the name of S axifragta alba petrssa • but Bauhinus according to his ufuall manner, in all things almoft that may be altered, doth vary the name twife, calling it firtl in his Pbytopinax, Alfine Tridablytites Alpina- but afterwards in his Tirnix changing his former minde, calleth it S edum tri. dally lites Alpinummajm album, and none of them both in my opinion anfwerable to fo famous anHerbarifls judge¬ ment; as to referre them to fuch plants, as yeeldfo fmall likeneffe : for unto the Alfines, (whereuntol faid he re¬ ferred it at the firll, but difdaimeth itafterwards) although it may feeme to have fome refemblance, in the white flow¬ ers, yet the leaves and other parts thereof, withftandeth that companion ;and unto any kindc or fort alSednm, it hath in my judgement farre lefle correfpondencie, which flieweth a llrong conceit in him beyond compare, to make his later opinion worfe than the former, which as is j'udged in mod, fhould be more confiderate and exaft: but furely I thinke it doth fo ncare'y refemble, as I faid before, the former white Saxifrage, both in forme and qualitie, that it is mod fitly to he referred unto it, and unto no other plant fd likely ; the chiefe differences confiding in the forme of the branches,leaves and rootes, as you may plainely per¬ ceive both by the difeription and figure. The Vmines . It hath no doubt the fame properties that the former hath, both the name arguing it, and the likeneffe of face in growing not reclaiming,and thetafte efpecially,whereby the qualitie is chiefely difeerned anfwering thereunr to,and although there is not any authorities extant to warrant this my conceit, yet thofe foreremembred conditi¬ ons therein, may plead a ftrong perfwafion of veritie, and untill it be contradifted by fufficient triad and experi¬ ence to beotherwife, I hold it may paffe for currant as a Saxifrage. Chap. III. Stxifragaamea. GoldenSxifrage S axifraea aarea. Golden Saxifrage. TlOlden Saxifrage is a fmall low herbe having ma¬ ll ny round leaves lyingon the ground bluntly en- j dented about the edges fomewhat like the for- Ijmer common Saxifrage, but not hairy, fome- * what thicker alfo and ofa darker greene colour, among which rife up divers (lender and weake ftalkes,little above a hand bredth high,with fuch like leaves on them as grow below up to the toppes, where among the leaves come forth very fmall gold yellow flowers not eaflly obferved, and falling away fo quickly, that they are fo feldome feer.e with them, and after they are pad, there appeare in their places fmall round heads, wherein is contained fmall round reddiflr feede : the roote is compofed of a number of fmall firings or fibres: the whole plane is almoft infipide or without tafte, but nothing hot that it may be j’udged to be tfte&uall to diffolve or expel! the (lone. The Place. It al wayes groweth in moift places by Well fides, or other (landing and fometimes running waters, and fometimes al¬ fo in moorifh grounds, as about Tidmbam in the Forreft of ‘Deane, at AJhford, and I den in Kent, at Chepjlow in EJfcx, and in divers other places. The Time. It flowreth in ATay and fometimes in A prill, butabideth greene all the reft of the yeare, and perifheth not like the lad. The Names. It is called S axifraga aurea of moll Writers, from die fortue O© J C HAP.4. Theatrum Botanicum. T r 1 bk 4 forme of the leaves and colour of the flowers, fcarfeany well knowing whereunto better to referre it, Label from the natural! place of the growing and infipidity of the tafle, calleth it Licher.is facie & natality:, and Bejlerut that let forth the huge great booke of the Bifhop of Eyfiot his garden .following Label calleth it Hepatica paluftri,. Tabermontamn calleth it Chryfofpleninm ; Flips Aldroandus tooke it to be a kinde of Eryfimum but farre unlike- ly. The Vertuex. The infipide tafle as I faid before, doth not argue any certaine effeiil or property to worke upon the (lone or gravel! either to diffolve or expell it, unleffe it be by fome fpecificall or hidden property therein, yet affuredly it could not in my opinion have received the name of a Saxifrage among fo many authors without fome proper ef¬ fect therefore, which rofe no doubt from fome Empyricall obfervation and praftife, which gave it both the name and the opinion, unleffe it might from the likeneffe of the leaves as I faid before judged, which becaufe I cannot maintaine nor difprove, I leave it for others to difprove ifthey can. Chip. IV. Saxifraga vera Diofcondis tAHatthioli, ALatthiolw his true Saxifrage of Dio/corides ~ He true Saxifrage of Diofcerides, according to the judgement of Matthwlut and others, from whom he received it, is a fmall low fhrubby Plant, that fendeth forth divers fmall wooddy,and fomewhat hairy ffalkes, full ofjoyntsclofefetoneunto another, having divers fmail fhort and whitifh narrow leaves, growing divers together at every joynt.at thetoppe whereof come forth very (mail purplifh white flowers,fet with fome leaves under them, this doth fomewhat refem- blcTime, both in the lowneffe and manner ofgrowing, but hath no fuch fweete fent, or hot flrarpe tafle like unto it, whereby it may be knowne to be a dif¬ ferent Plant. The Place, It hath beene fent unto us out of Italy among other rare feeds, but where the naturall place of growing is, it is not readily knowne. The Time, It is very flow in growing, fo that it did not flower untill fo late m the yeare, that an early ftoftcaufed it to periili, that we could gather no (eede. The Namesj It is very probable that it is the true Sarxiphragon or Saxifragon of Diofcerides, and differeth much from the Sa- titreia or Thymbra St. Iuliam of / or,a and Lobel,lct forth before ir. this worke, which Bmhintu calleth fpicata, (that it may the better agree with Diofcarides his Samreia) and fuppofeth to be this plant of M.nthio m, but 1 by the fight and tafle of the plant not finding it to agree, with the fmell or tafle of either Time or Savory, cannot agree unto him, but doe rather judge it to be a peculiar plant of it felfe, and to come neerer unto his Thymum inodonim before mentioned, and therefore have feparated it from the other Saxifrages that follow Dodonew. (and Gerard who hath but onely tranflated his words ) judgeth the Serpyl- InmvHlgarc , to be ‘Diofcorides his Saxifrage, but they are both deceived. The Venues, I doe verily beleeve that this plant, hath either the fame e- fpeciall vertues againfl: the ftone and gravell, reflraint of ma¬ king water and other the qualities, whereunto Dio fan-ides doth appropriate his Saxifrage, or commeth fomewhat neere there¬ unto, and I am hereunto chiefly led by the light and forme of the plant, and from the name of Saxifraga Diofcoridi ,, where¬ by it was fent unto us. Chap. V. I. Saxifraga major Italorttm Matthioli, Alatthiolus his Italian great Saxifrage. E He great Saxifrage of the Italians ,as relateth it, hath agreatwooddy ftemme of the big- neffe of ones finger, toward the lower end, full ofehinkes or clefts, fpreading very thicke, with many (lender hard whitilh branches full of joynts, and two fmall long whitifh greenc pointed leaves, fet at every joynt very like unto Pinkes, and many other fmaller and (horcer (landing with them: the flowers hand at the toppes of the branches, out of whitifh greene hi^kes, confiding of Saxifraga vera Dio/coridis Matthioli. Mattbiolui his true Saxifrage of ‘Diofcoride r. Tribe 4 . ’The TheaterofTlantes. Chap. 5 . 427 , j fometimes fixe, fmall white leaves, endentcd at the ends, of a fweete fmell, (landing above the huskcs, J 1 vj nnen like a little [larre,after which follow fmall round and fomewhat long heads, full of lmall reddifh round uchlefle then that of Poppy- inland Pena thinketh that this Saxifrage is the fame that they have fee i,vrheir Adverfaria, but that with us it gtoweth not fo great and wooddy. forth 111 c /.v* t nhplu nrriAfitttalium Labels Weft Country Savifrane. iverjana, but that witn us it growetn noi iu gi ^ ^ v. . - 2 Saxifrages Anglica Lobelij Occidentalism. Lobe Is Weft Country; Saxifrage. This faith Lobel is very like the former, but thatthe flowers are white,andgrowin fmall tufts at the of the fmall flalkes, the whole plant being white. i, Saxifraga Ang’ica Oaidentatium Lobelij. Labels Weft Countiy Saxifrage, toppes 3. Saxifraga pa’.ufiri? Anglicana. Mr. Goodyers Marlh Saxifrage. 4. Saxifraga Cretica prior. The former of the wo Saxifrages of Candy '. 3. SaxlfragaBavarica. 1 he Saxifrage of Bavaria. 28 C HAP. Tbeatrum Botanicum. kibe 4 3. Saxifrage!palufris Anglica. Mr .Goodyers Marfh Saxifrage. This hath fundry fmall leaves about an inch long,very fmall and narrow lying next the roote, among wh' f, rife divers (lender round ftalkes about halfe a foote high, full of joynts and branched here and there fe°t at b joynts with the like fmall leaves many togethcr.but two for the mod part longer then the reft, growing and (Boner up to the toppes, where groweth one pretty large white flower, made of five round pointer? leave' peccc.with fome white chives in the mi die,the roote is fmall and fibrous. vcsa 4. SaxifragaCretica friar Alpino. Alpium his firft Candy Saxifrage. From a fmall long white roote, having a few fmall fibres at the head, fhooteth forth a hard white wondd ftalke, divided into (undry fmall branches, fob-divided alfo intoother leffcr, which (land not upright but le downewards, fet at each joynt with two fmall long and pointed leaves,fomewhat like to thofc of Tragorha* Goats Marjerome, and about the fame bignede : the flowers are fmall, made of many white threds fet tO"erT” (landing betweene the leaves, this is wholly without either fmell or tafte almoft. o cc uer, 5 . Saxifrage! Cretica altera Alpino. Alpir, u s his other Candy Saxifrage. They have alfo another kinde of Saxifrage growing in barren dry grounds, very like to a' fmall Pinke for th - leaves and manner of growing.but the flowers (land at the toppes of the branches in tufts or umbels of a uale red difli colour, this is ofan aftringent and drying tafte, with a little acrimony. 1 rca " 6 . Saxifrage! montana Neapolitan*, Mountaine Saxifrage of Naples, This fmall Saxifrage whicli Column* found growing out of the Chinkes of rocky ftee’pe hils bearcth two f long leaves, at each joynt of the ftalkes very like thofe of CMatthio/w his great Saxifrage, but fnmewh.r a fofter, and whitifh, with fome (mailer ones fet with them iikewife, where alfo rife branches bearing wh-” flowers at the toppes, made of foure fmall pointed leaves a peece,with divers fmall threds in the middled" fucceeded by fmall round skinny heades, with fmall browne feede within them; the roote is made of many f j u 7, Saxifraget maritime! Neapolitan*. The Sea Saxifrage of Naples. This is another fort of the laft deferibed growing on the walls nigh the Sea at Naples, bein" twife as bigpe j having blufh coloured flowers in Autumne and afterwards long pointed feed veflels, and fmall browne (Sd - tile,'n . rnc<,nr 1. nn . 1,0 o.oi.lrrj ort/1 a. r.va —1.. I- rT I ” lit ICvQC 11] them,this creepeth on the ground, and ftandeth upright when it flowreth. 8. Saxifraga Bavarica. The Saxifrage of Bavaria. The Saxifrage of Bavaria, fpreadeth upon the ground, with a number offlender round branches divided; , others, let full of leaves, two at every joynt, which are narrow, lomewhat long and thicke.and ofa pale greene colour, at the roppe of every fmall branch ftandeth one flower, fet in a fmall cuppe or huske of whirin, . leaves, of which colour the ftalkes are alfo, confiding of five fmall pure white leaves pointedat tie e fometimesa little purfled about the brims and with a waih of purple, laid open like a little ftarre,' wnh’fome pale coloured threds in the middle the feede that followeth in final round and lomewhat lon° heads is fmall blacke and Aiming, the roote is fmall and wnite, and groweth downc lomewhat deepe. ° 3 ma, hnat. The T lace and Time. The firft two forts grow in the Weft pans ofthis land as ivWfaitb, who relateth in his Aiverfaria that he found the fecond betweene Chtpnam and CMarleborough in London high wav to Briflow on a rholi,, 9 ,, ne fiith, he had the firft from Bali * wherlit groweth, tie S M, .clZr boggy ground below the red Well of Wellingborough in Northamptonfbirc, the fourth and fifth inCandr Z and leaventh in Naples , and the laft in Bavaria. They all flower late. ^ The Names. Lolel and Tem fay that the third Saxifrage:of ' Mmhioln which fome call magua MatthMM othmmaior Isa lontm is the fame which they have let forth in the firft place,in their AiverUna, although it A. - ; . grow not fo great,and s;=hSt^ may not be a kinde of Chickeweede: but fure he need not doubt it, nor that it ,ZXnlltn , do , ubteth l' 1 third here expreffed commeth nere Iikewife unto Column* his firft Neapolitan Saxifr/oe buttharZn™ in mnriflr rind his in rnrkv nlarfv: anr) rhtif fl-i** AnnrnroL..-£ _ i * * t that OUfS groWe in morift 1 , and his in rocky places, and that the flowers of his have but fourekam, 1 an! ours fivTround primed! and his ihrrpe. Alpium maketh mention of the Candy kindes.and Column* 0 fthe NeavotitZe whfrhlh, Zlvru Alfme Saxifraga mantema & marit 'ma : the laft (famcranus and Bona call Saxifrxtra F JL > Z ? he entitleth teth a doubt or eyatre whether it be not the Saxifraga magna Matthioh, when as Pom in the PUC ' ISST” 1:tei Thevertues. Thedoe wonderfully extoll with praifes the vertuesoftheir Saxifrages and a™ .u j- Neapolitans likewife,tobreakeanddiflolvethe done , r , , , , . .ereines and kidneies, and bladder rine.and to confirme the truth thereof, Mattholm faith he received from CaNoUriu, an Apothecarv of Her m fuch great ftones of fundry perfons that were voided in making of their urine that it couldZrdm u, n Si that they could pafle through the pipes from the bladder . to give him knowledge how ni Z ,^ bC bdeeVed ' thefe are, that can expell the ftone in the kidnics and bladder, be they never fo great, the other S^xifrag^”' 10 ? the third, have the fame properties taken in wine, or in a dranahmf^P^d._ c*u _ . ax “ ra g?s except tnc tnira, nave the lame properties taken in wine, or in a draught of the decoft ion of them with n,,i l A rootes, doth effeiftually performe as much as the former, to diflolve and breake the ftone. ’ 1 ^ ch S raffe c The T heater of T [antes. Chap. 6 , 429 Tries 4* Chap. VI. gramen T-arnaffivulgare. The common grade of'Pantajfw. HifGraffeof Parnaffui hath many leaves riling from the raote, not altogether round, but ending in a point, fmailer and thicker than Violet leaves, with many ribbes or long veines in them, of a frefh greene colour, every one (landing on a long foote (hike, among which there arifeth divers (lender weake (hikes, fcarle a Foote high, and fcarfe able to Hand upright, whereon grow at the feverall j'oynts fuch like leaves,but fmailer,without any foote (hike, but having the ttalke joyning fo dole to it, that it feemeth almott to runne through it, the toppes of the dallies are na¬ ked and bare of leaves unto the flowers for a good way,which are white and confifi of five leaves [landing round, and in the middle a fmall round greene head or button, with (ome yellow threds about them, which in time growing to be ripe is a round button, wherein iscontained fmall reddifh feede: the roote is a (mall blackifh threddy bulh of fibres, not perilhing as divers of the former doe. Grume* Parnajfl duplicate/ flare. Double flowred Grade of Parnafftu. This is in all things like the former, faving in the flower, which hath a row of fmailer leaves, within the other outermod, which maketh a (hew of the double flower: this feldome giveth any leedeas the former, The Tlace, The fitd groweth in many moifl moorith grounds in England., as in the Moote, neere Lynton and Cambridge, at Heffet and Drinkffione in Suffolk;, in the Batchers dole thereby ; in a Medow dole on the backefide of the Parib- nage houfe of Burton, and at the bottotne of Barton hills in Bedfordjhire-, as alfo in the middle of the great Towne- field of Hadington, which is about a mile from Oxford, and on the other fide of Oxford, in the padure next unto Botley in the high way. The other was found in the country of Brabant, The Time. They flower not untill about Saint fames tide, and the feede is ripe a moneth after. The Names. Itis called Gramen Tarnajfi, and judged by mod to be the'right Gramen Parnajfl of Tbiofcorides, although Gcf. tier in hortii Germania faith, that the right is not knowne to any in our dayes, but faith withall that the Polonians doe call itEmeadynamit.lt is very probable, that this herbegrew mod plentifully upon Mount Tamaffiii.vebtto- on catted feeding, became fat and well liking, as out Clover or three leaved grade doth with us, and thereupon took the name,as is ufuall in divers countries to call herbes by the name of Grade,although they haveno likenelfe yyith Grade indeede; and this may anfwer M r . Gerards finding fault with the name of'Parnaffui Grade. Cordm Gramtn Vatnafli fore ( hnplici . Singl ■ Parnejfu s Gtrlfe. Gramen ParnaJJ!dapliii. Double flowred Parna(/us Grade. 430 Ch A P. 7, Theatrum ‘ Bctanicum , T RIB E, inhishiftory of plants, callcth it Hepatica alba. Gefner'm ColieftioHcJHrpiumVm folium paluflre ,, callerh ir P*™# hederaceum recentiornm, Tabermontanus Gramen hederaceum and J 7 w A«4«w. The ocher is caU led by Lobcl Cjramen Parnajfi auplicatoflore. r The Virtues. Paulm faith that P«rr«pu graffe.is temperately cold, of thinne parts, and fomewhat fowre, the juice ju jj C ’ 0r u the j c , oc ^ 1 ? n thereof,or of the rootes,doch dilfolve and expell flones and eravell from the reines and bladder gathered therein,and provoketh urine aboundancly; and the feede thereof taken in powder, wor¬ ked! more forcibly then either the herbe or roote, and withall doth flay any vomitings from the ilomacke, and any nuxe of the belly, the decoftion ofthe rootes made with wine, being drunke,doth eafe torments and griping parncs in the bowels, and thenlcers that are in the bladder, ithelpethalfoagainft the biting of any venemous Dealt, the juice of the herbe or roote is good to coole any inflammation or heate in the eyes,to dry up the running or watering in them^and to cleare them from miftinefle or cloudy skinns, that obfeure the fight, it it be mixed with a little hony ana dropped into them : it is held alfo efle&uall to eafe the toothache, being gargled in the, mouth : the herbe, or roote,or feede, either the juice, dccodlion or powder, is very effectually applyed to clofe up greene wounds, that are much fubj'edl to bleeding, and reflrainech inflammations that may difeafe the party* or hinder the cure. J r Lacbryma lob. lobs Tares. Chap. VII. Lachryma lob. lobs TeareS.” Have thought good to place this plant in a Chapter by it felfe, and not with the kindes of Grom el, becaufe it differeth fo much from them in growing, becaufe the feede doth neareft re- femble them:and although divers Authors have thought it rather to be a kind of graffe or reed, and therefore have placed it among them; yet I cannot finde it agree with either of them, more than in the jointed, ftaikes, and leaves, which in my judgement, is not fo fulficient a marke, to make it of that kinred, but as Columna faith, the flower and feede efpecially of plants, _ . . doth belt demonflrate to what genus every Jpecies may be referred. It fhooteth from a thicke bufhie threddy roote, many reafonable thickeround jointed ftaikes, about a foote and a halfe high, whereon at every joint ftandeth one narrow long, great leafe, fomewhat like unto the leafe of Millet, or a fmall Recde, rather Handing upright, than at any time bending downe; and at the joints with the leaves commeth forth one graine or feede, of the bigneffe of a good Peafe, wrap¬ ped m fome hnskes, round a; the bottome, and pointed at the end,whereathangeth two or three fmall chaffie huskes, or beards as Pliny calleth them, fomewhat like unto fmall lanke fliorteares of corne, which are idle having nothing within them.'the feede it felfe,being taken out of the skins, wherein it was wrapped, is fomewhat like unto a Gromel- ieede, but much larger, brighter of colour, and harder to breakc, round yet pointed at the one end, fomewhat flat alfo, and with an hole at the bigger and lower part, where it flood upon a little fhort foote flalke; the tafle whereof being broken, and having but lictle kernell within it, is a little drying without any other manifefl tafle. The Place. This groweth naturally in the lies of Candy and Rhodes , in Syria alfo and thofe Eaflerne Countries, but nowhere elfe in Europe junleffe it be planted as it is faid. The Time. It groweth {lowly In our countrie, and feldome giveth ripe feede for the want of fufficient heate ofthe Sunne to ripen it, before the frofls doe take it. 7 he Names. It hath beehe judged as l faid before by former Authors, to be a kinde of fleede, and therefore Gefner in hortis Ger- manir, calleth it Arundolythofpermos ,and fo did Adatthiolus account it, & f -und fault with Fufchius, that tooke it to be a kinde of Lythojpcrmon, as Tragus, CJe/her^wd divers others who called it Lyihofpcrmummajus. Pena and Lobel in their A aver [aria, doe call it Lythofperirum PI nianum fivemajus , and doe very probably referre it to the Lythojpermon of Piny, Ub. 27 . cap. 1 1 . ( which hee there callcth TNoJpiros, 1 0 vis tnt.atm, which name is not fo proper unto ir, as k’hn inithe leaves hereof, are more like unto the blades of corne)bnt not of Diofcmd's, \ hotnthedefcriptton^confoundeththemboth together, but in that he faith, the feede is of the bigneffe of a diich is our Gromell - - . . _ „.-Jf ufually called Lct- vhentney nrfl had it called ic fijnply Lagrima • and fince every feverali countrie. Tribe 4. '1 be Theater of '.Plants „ C HA P< 8 - countrie, hath added another epithkethereunto:for the Spaniards call it Lagrymade Adpfen- the French Vdrmeede no fire Dame : the Germane s Lachryma I odors ^ as Gefner faith. Lagduneufn calleth it Lythofiermam arntid-.naccum, and Tauhinw Lithofpermumarundiesaceurnforte THofroridis & Tlinij, an CeixTheopbraftitlib.i cap. iff hislcria flantarum■ we in Englifh follow the titles,of almollall Nations; for fome call it lobs Teares ? Torre Mafes Teares, or Jobs Droppes, ot Mofes Droppe; Chrifts Teares, our Ladies Teares, and fome Gtomell reede according to Gefner his Latine. The Venues. It is of little ufe in Phyfickethat we can underhand in the natnrall places, or where it may be had in more plenty than with us; yet (bme as fradand Lobelfocj doe commend it,either in powder or the decoftion thereof, againft the hone or gravell in the kidnies and bladder : but beyond fea, the greatell ufe they make of it, isol the feede, to perforate and firing them, as other things for beades, to flint God with their prayers, and tell him how many they mumble upon them,and are fure that they have done him fo good lervice therein, that he mult needs give them heaven for it. 2 . Lithofpermumvulgare maj-'i. 1 ht greater creeping G.cmclh Ghap. VIII. Lithofyermurri. Gromell. Here are divers forts of Gromell found out and knowne to this later age, more than was to the for¬ mer, and there are alfo fome others that are fomewhat like them, and therefore joyned unto them, although they participate with other plants: of them all I meane to fpeake in this Chapter. I. Lithojpermxmmajtu erettumefr legitimnm. Great upright Gromell. The great Gromell rifeth up with divers upright, (lender -wooddy, hairy, browneand crefted flalkes, very little or not branched at all, whereon doe grow without order, long, hard, rough, and darke greene leaves/{harper pointed and fomewhat longer and narrower than the next : at the toppesofthe (hikes ftand divers fmall white flowers,in rough trowne huskes,wherein after they are pall, is containeeba white hard, ftony, round, (hilling feede, like unto Pearles and greater chan the next: the roote is long a id harder fomewhat wooddy, with divers branches and fibres thereat, which perifheth not, although the (hikes die downe to the ground every yeare. 2. LithoTfermummajusfive vulgar e. The greater creeping Gromell. This kind of Gromell groweth up with llcnder hard and hairy (hikes, trailying and taking roote in the ground as it Iyeth thereon, and parted into many other fmaller bran¬ ches, with liich like hairy darke greene leaves, but (liorterand broader than the former: at the joints with the ieaves come forth very fmall blew flowers, and after them fuch like hard ftony roundifh feede, but (mailer and not fully fo white and Hiining : the roote is like the former, abiding the Winter, and (hooting forth flalkes frefli in the Spring, but giveth more plenty of feede, then the former, yet letter than the firft. 3. Lithofjsermum minus vulgaris. Small wilde Gromell. The fmall wilde Gromell fendeth forth divers upright hard branched flalkes, full of j'oynts, to be two or three foote high, at every ofwhidi joints grow fmall long hard, and rough leaves, lette than the laft, and of a darke greene co¬ lour, among which leaves come forth (mall white flowers, and in their places when they are paft, grayifh round feede like the other, the roote is not v ery long, but with many fibres fattened thereto. 4. Litho Therm um anguftifolium wnbellatum. V mbelliferous Gromell. This Gromell (preadeth fundry wooddy rough flalkes, yet eafie to breake,fp ead into divers branches about halfea foote high,with many very narrow rough leaves fet on them with¬ out any order, the middle ribbe in them being fomewhat great; the flowers (land at thetoppes of the branches, and fome times from the upper j*oynts, divers being fee together as it were in an umbell which confift of five fmall round pointed leaves of a blew colour or rather being long and hollow are parted and cut into five parts fet in rough greene huskes, wherein after the flowers are paft growth ufually two white and hard long and pointed feedes fet together: the roote is hard and wooddy covered with a brownifh red barke. 5. LithoTfermum Ancbttfe facie . Sm all Gromell with tufted toppes. This fmall Gromell hath many hard brittle, wooddy, low and hairy flalkes, riling little above halfe a foote high, dividing themfelvcs even from the ground, into many fmaller branches, whereon are fet difper- fedly fmall long and narrow rough greene leaves, whofe middle ribbe rifeth up fomewhat high : the flowers for the moft part (land at the toppes of the branches in an umbell, divers tufting together, and fometimes alfo at the j'oynts C HA p.8, Tribe 4 . 'T be 1 beater of 'Plants-, joynts with the leaves, (landing in rough hushes, which are fomewhat larger then any of the other, and of a fine blew colour in fome, in others\vhite or reddifh, to whom lircceed fmall and loinewhat long pointed hard and white fcede, two for the mod part joyned together, the roote is long and wooddy, fprcading under ground,cb- i vcred with a rough brownifh red barke. 6. Lithofpermum arverife ro.dice rubente. Small corne Gromell. This fmall Corne Gromell, fhooterh forth three or foure rough branches, divided into other fmaller oncs.ha- 1 ving many fmall long narrow hairy darke greene leaves growing on them, c cry like thole of the former Gro- 11 meff, but not fohard or long, but let without order in the like manner, the flowers grow at the toppes,with ma¬ il ny fmall leaves among them, confiding of five fmall white leaves, which after they arc pad,there lucceed fmall :i blackilh feede, two, three,or foure fet together in the famehuske: the roote is fomewhat reddilh, but little or 2 nothing colouring the fingers of them that touch it. 1 7. Lithofpermum minimum Germanicum,Pajptrina Tragi. The fmall Germane Gromell or Sparrow-wort- The fmall Gromell of Germany rifetbiip for the mod parti but with one denderdalke, branched into one or I two parts at the mod, fcarfe a foote high, fet here and there with fmall long and narrow leaves, fomewhat like [' uuto Line or Flaxe, and whereon dand fmall white dowers up towards the loppe, which turne into fmall !j fmooth round blackifh feede, very like elle unto Gromell feede, the roote is fmall and thready and perifheth e- i very yeare. 8. Lithofpermum Linar m folio CMonfpelienfe. French Gromell with flaxen leaves. This kinde of Gromell hath likewife but one dalke, branched into two or three parts at the toppe thereof, | whereon grow long and narrow leaves, fomewhat larger then the former, and not rough as the other Gromels are: the flowers are fmall, ofa pale vvhitifh yellow colour like unto the former, but dand many together at the toppes of the branches, and after they are pad, arife fmall round heads like Coriander leede, wherein iscon- tained round hard blackidi feede like unto Gromell,the roote is fmall and dringy. The Place. Thefird groweth wilde in fome places of Italy, and the parts of France next unto it, and not with us, bntis onely nourfed up in the Gardens of thofe that are lovers and curious. The (econd and third grow wilde in ma¬ ny places of our land, in barren or untilled places,and by the way fides. The fourth Bauhinus faith was brought out of the Garden at Padoa, groweth as Lobel faith in the rough or dony defeent of the valley o POPbia in Piemont. The fixt groweth in corne grounds in many places beyond the (ea, and in the way from Brifidlto Bath as Lobel faith. The feaventh groweth in Germany, in the Corne fields by Altzein , and the thunder hill as Tragus faith, and in Franconia as Gamerarins faith, betweene Herbipolis and Frankford, The lad groweth about Mompelier in Trance , 7 he Time. They doe all flower from Midfommer unto September fometimes,andin the meane time the feed ripeneth. The Names. It is called in Greeke tu$oanf(uv,ideft, Lapideumfemenobduritiem, in Latine alio Lit hofper mam, Dlmy g{- veth it other names, as C/orgonium,u£ginochos, Heraclea , and Dyofpiros, but this name doth more fitly agree with the Lachrymalob, as I (howed in the Chapter before, but indeed he cotifounderh both deferiptions toge¬ ther, and the names alfo; and of Phifitions and Apothecaries for the mod part Milium Soils ,and Gramm Solis,ab alicjuibw itadici putatur, quodfcmencandore [oils & lucisfplendorefulgeat, but Serapio faith from the authority of Aben Julia, that it fhould be called Milium Soler, becaule (the (eedes being lmall as Milium) it grew upon the mountaines called Soler, otherwifeoftbe Arabians it is called ICilb, Cult, Colt, and Calisb, of the Italians Lithofpermo, and the leiler kinde, Ah ho Salvatico, and Milium Solis, as Cafior Durant es faith, of the French Gremill, and L’her be aux perles , of the Cjermanes Meerhirfz, and Stein fame n, ofche Dutchmen Perlecruyt ende Stcenfaet , in Fnghfij Gromell, Peare plant, and of fome Lichwale. The fird is c ailed by Brurfelffw Saxifraga tertia, and is thought by "Bauhinus to be the Lithofpermum minus of Matthiolus, Dodonmu, and others, (and not hi smajus, which he feemeth not to know,) and yetcalleth it Lithofpermum mayu ereJFum , and referreth it to the Milium Solisfativum of Tragus, the Lithofpermum legitimism of C.lufius, the Lithofpermum alteram fruti- cofam of Johannes Thalius, in his defeription of Harcjniafylva, which by them all is (aid to grow Upright, and to differ from my (econd, which Cluftus, Dodontus, Camcrarins, Lobel, and Lugdunenfis doe all call majus and mayu repens • and yet Bauhinus calleth it Lithofpermum minus repens latifolium. contrary to them all, he feferreth this alfo to the Dulmonaria minor Dalechampij , which Lugdunenfs exhibiteth, which how truely I cannot well fee,tlie third in my judgement is the Lithofpermum minus, both of Matthiolus, Dodoneus, Camerarim, Gefncr , Lobel , and others .*• the fourth Bauhinus calleth in his Pinax, Lithofpermum anguf folium umbellatum,and there faith, he hath deferibed it in his Prodromus, but I can finde none there exprefled, but in the Appendix to his Pinax, in folio 521. it is briedy deferibed, and more at large with the proper figure unto it by the name of LAthotpermum frutefeens anguflifohum in his Matthiolus. The fifth is the Lithofpermum Anchufa facie of Label, which Bauhinus calleth Lithofpermum minus ereElum, but I finde fo little difference betweene thefe two lad, that if any would take them to be both but one plant, I (hould readily agree thereunto:the fixt is the Lithofpermum fy he fire of Tragus,Fufchi- us, and C amerarius in his Epitome of Matthiolus, and the third of Dodonxus, the Anchufa degener facie Molij foils op Lobel, the Echittm minus Lithofpermo congener of Gejner in his Appendix, the Anchufa arvenfis alba of Thalius, and Lithofpermum arvenfe radice rubra of Bauhinus, who likewife faith it is the Lithofpermum nigrum of Lug¬ dunenfis • but furely either Lugdunenfis is much midaken in his defeription and figure, or Bauhinus in his refe¬ rence and opinion : Por Lugdunenfis dePcnbzth it, and fo the figure expreffeth, to have many fmall leaves fee together at fpaces about the dalkes, like as a fmall Madder hath, which doth not corrcfpond with any Litho¬ fpermum, The feaventh Tragus and Camerarim call Pafferina, and Lingua Pafferina, and thereupon may be cal¬ led Sparrw-wort, as well as fmall Gromell with flaxen leaves, and is the fourth Lithofpermum of Dodonxus, the Pafferina herbariorum uni caulis of Lobel and Pena, JAngua pafferina of Tabcrmontanns, Paferina Ltnariaoi Gerard, reckoning it with the Linarials, ‘Bauhinus calleth it Lithofpermon LinarU folio Germanicum , and referreth it alfo unto the Linaria altera botryodes montana opFabius Columna, whole defeription and figure in my judge¬ ment doth utterly difclaime it: the lad he calleth Lithofpermum limrixfolio Monfpetiactim, and Lobel and Lug- dtmnfis Lithofpermum linarix folio, PP The tr 434 /H A P, I C 1 beat-rum Botanicum. r i > E«4> TbeVertnes. 0 ,_T h V hre ^. fi J rt ^'" d cs are hoc and ^-y in the Iccond degree, as all diureticke things for the mod part are and are both moil (and I thmke onelyjufed,the reft either not at all or vei y feldome, which if they (hould, they are. not found to be halfe fo efte< 5 fuall,as any of them,which are accounted to be of as lingular force to break e the done i and to avoid it and the gravell, engendred either in the ren.es or bladder, as alfo to provoke in ine beineS and to helpe the Itrangiiry or making of water by drops, as any other herbe or fade whatfoever: the feede is of greatelt ule,and chiefly uled to be bruifed and boyled in white wine, or in broth or the like, or the powder of the ieede taken m white wine, or in broth or the like,as a barley creame or Amond milkc.made with the kernclls of the foure greater cold fades,and the feedes of Gromell boyled in the Early-water.is both a pleafanr lafe and efJ ^, Ua '' ™ edlclne for the be drunk m the morning faffing,for three dayes together, when you are troubled with the fits thereof,this 1 s probat,m upon divers;/!/, mh.olm faith,that if a dramm and a halfe of the feed ofcach of the Gromells(the greater and the letter he meanethjhalfe a dramme of Spleenwort or MiltwalLand two fern - pies of white Amber, being all made into powder,mixed together and taken for many dayes together falling in the juice of Plantane.Purflane, and Lettice, is fine ular good to helpe the (lomrhtm or running of ihc reincs ■ ”uvo drammes alfoof the feede in powder,taken with womens breads milke,is very tfFeflnall to procure a ipeedv de¬ livery.to.fuch women as have fore paines in their travailc.md cannot be delivered; for with this onelv medicine laith Matthmlm,be hath holpen many women in thole cafesithe herbe it felfe.when the feede is nor to be had ei¬ ther boyled,or the Juice thereofdrunk, is efteflual to all the purpofes aforefaid.but not fo power ful or fpeed v in n- peration,the decofhon alfo,to be bathed or foinenced, as alio to fit in, is much commended for an outward re- Chap. IX. Filipendula. Fi/ipipendula, or Droppewort. ! F this FUiplpnduU or Droppewort, there hath beene formerly knowne but one kind, letteth forth one greater, and Bauhintu hath added thereunto another much lefler • Dodonaui Lobel I and others, have called another plant Filipcndula montana , which Clufuu calieth 5 wo ° r thr 5 e fo °. te hi 8 h y ha ' in g fach leaves thereon as grow below,and fomet mes alfo divided into other branches, fpreading at the toppe, into many white fwcetc fuelling flow ers confiftine of five leaves a peece, with fome threds in the middle of them, Handing together in a tuft or umbel! each im™! fmal, footeflalke, which after they have abiden a good while open and blowne, doe fall away, and i„ tlfapbi- ces appearc fmall round chaffy heads like buttons, wherein are the chaffy feed let and plac'd, the rootc confifteth oLZ y o“r tUbCr0US pceces ' faftened t0 § £thet by fma11 blackifh ikingt wdfah ru^e from a. Filipendulaaltera major. Another great Filipendula This other Fthpemdula is ft like the former in the leaves, that ic can fcarfe be difarned from the other the flowers at the toppe of the ftalke are of a white enclining to a purple, made of five leaves a peece like the other after which the heads bearc round and blackifh feede within them,the rootes are v.ry many and fomewhat Iona’ er and whiter, enclining to rednefle, but faftned together by long (brings and fibres as the former. S 3 * Filipendula minor. Small Filipendula The fmall Filipendula hath two or three fuch like leaves as the former,rifin« from the roore hut much fmsllrr and morei neercly refembling the wild Tanfy leaves, but nor white as they areVbuTo ftheS lour wuh the former; from among wluch.theflaike that is fcarfe an handbredth high, arifeth up fomefimes without d.vifion therein, and fometimes alfo parted into two or three other branch?* , whereon find mTnv (mailer white fweeter flowers then the former, but with threds therein like them, and fa toother in an umbefl I " tb !. fa ?® tnanner; which come the fade, many fet together, formed almoft like tint? a fmall bunch of therby flnng? llkeThem!^'’ S * ^rteZT’ bm “ 3ndrCdder > >' CC ^ ed t0 S c - Thc firft IS common in many places of this Land, as well upon and about St. Vhcms rocke bv Bristow and neare Sum in the meddow there, as alfo in the corners of dry fields and meddowes, and thei^ed-es Mes the e “««• a. * , The Time. J ney flow r er in June and July, and their feede ripeneth in tAugufl. —. • . . The Names. whichfadcfaibethuiHsthird day u $ ' C ° b ' Ch f 0nMth! o(DU/cond e s, • r a 1 r , M P 1S third hooke and 132. Chapter, and not that Oenanthe which he fai-hin feeme Tribe 4. TbeTheateroJTlants, Chap. 9. 435 feeme to niaintaine opinion againll A/aftiio/af, proving as he thinketh, every part of Diofcoridcs his defcription to a°ree thereuncojyet ftil Mattbiolm his aflertions will hold good againft Fsfckw and Mil that this FUipindula agreeth not with ‘Bit,fcorides his Otmnthe, efpecially in the fetdes, for it is fnch an eminent marke that none can alter or gainefay. It is called of all moderne writers FilipenduU, quodrmmerofi ,/U m radtce bulbilli, qaa/iexfilop'iuieremZaiuur, fome write it PhiltfenduU, becaufe Nicholas Myrepfm called it ^iwJWa.Some thinkc thisto be Molon of Pliny, whereofhe maketh mention inhisa6.booke,and7. chapter, but itis doubc- ful|. the Italians and Spaniards cAYw.Filiptnd.uU, mdtheFrntcbFiliptndcan&Filipendalt, the Germane! Rotten. Steinbrech, that is, red breakeftonc, from whence came the Latine name among them Saxifraga rubra, red Sax¬ ifrage- asalfo wildGarb, that is Millefoliumfylveflre : we call it FilipendnU, and tome Fthpipemlu/a and Drop- worc ’ The fecond Lugdunenjis calleth Oemnthe alia Myc,ni, bccaufe he faith it is lo like the ordinary Filipen- dala, "both in outward forme and face of growing, in rootes and leaves, and in the tad and rellini alfo, and not unlikely thereby to be of the fame vertue and property, but Bnubinw refejrreth it rather to the next Filipe»d„la momma, whereof I cannot fee any reafon, for in my opinion it is the fame with the former, and not a ipecies of the next, let others be judge herein that are judicious. The laft Bauhimu fetteth forth by the name of Ftlijyen- dula minor . TheVertuer. The ordinary or vulgar Filipendula is fomewhat bitter in tafte, and thereupon judged to be hot and dry in the third degree, itisveryeftvdlaalltoopenthepaffagesof the urine, when it is flayed, as alfotohelpe the Stran¬ gury, and all other paines of the bladder and reines, helping mightily to breake and expell the Hone, either in the kidneyes or bladder,and gravell alfo that is not as yet condenfate into a (lone,whether you will ufe the leaves, flowers, or feede* but the rootes are moftufuall and mofteffedtuall, either taken in powder or in a decodtion with white wine, whereunto a little honey is added: the fame alfo helpetb to expell the Jeconaine or afterbirth, taken in the fame manner: an ancient copy of Diofcorides faith, it helpcth alfo the yellow Iaundife, Paul us «✓£- gineta faith, it is good for thofe that have the falling fickneffe, and that it will helpe them if they ule it often: the rootes made into powder, and mixed up with hony, into the forme of an eledtuary, doth much helpe them whole flomakes are fwollen, breaking and diffolving the winde which was the caufe thereof, as alfo is very ef- fedtuall for all the difeafes of the lungs, as fhortneffe of breath, wheelings, hoarfeneffe of the throatc, and the cough, and to expectorate cold flegme therefrom) or any other parts thereabouts,, Pp t Chap? .HAP.IO, Theatrum Botanicum. T r i bs 4 Chap. X. Filipendula montana, Mountaine or Hooded Filipendula or Droppewort. $ Lufiui and others have made mention of divers forts of this kindc of Filipendula , ( if I may fo call it, for I doe herein rather pleafe others than my felfe, who thinke them with Clufixs y to be as nnlike them in forme, as differing alio in qualitie peradventure^ yetbccaufe fuch learned men have fo accounted of fome of them, let me in their errour be joyned with them for this time, Filipendula montuna, major albida. W hitifh Mountaine or hooded Filipendula. This firft hooded Mountaine FilipcnduL ?, fhooteth forth his round crefiedor (freaked fta.kes, of a fingers thicke- nelfe and a cubites height, whereon are fet winges of ma¬ ny cut and divided leaves, on each fide of them, from the bottomc- to the toppe, fomewhat like thofe of the former Filipendula , or betweene them and Yarrow,but hard and fomewhat rough in handling, whereon are growing a long fpiked head of whitifh flowers, formed like the ga¬ ping hoodes of the Satyrions or Tefticles, called Cullions or Dogges flones, every one fet in a five leafed huske, which being fallen, there follow round heades, pointed at the toppes, wherein arc contained, much fmall grayifh feede : the rootes are many long and thicke firings, fome¬ what like unto the Afphodill clogges, but not fo great, which are fet together at the heads, and ending in long fibres, abiding many yeares, and fBooting freih leaves and fialkes in the ^pring.,although the old die downe to the ground and wither. 2. Fil.pendula montana moflior altera. Smooth mountaine or hooded Filipendula. This other mountaine FilipenduU ,hath fuch like fialkes, with long & divided leaves on them, in the like manner, not differing from them,but in that they are nothingbard, but very gentle and Imooth in handling j the flowers grow likewife at the toppes of the fialkes, in a long fpi- ked head, many let together, and in forme hooded like them, but are in fome of a pale whitifh yellow colour, and in other of a reddifo purple : the rootes alfo are not fo great and thicke, but rather like Afparagus rootes. The ^Uce. Both thefe forts grow as CInfixs faith, on the grafiie places, in the mountaincs of Auftria and Stiria , in f lan¬ ders alfo,and in France in their Medowes. The Time, Fi'ipendula montana. Mountaine Fitipindula. They flower in Inne i and ripen their feede in Atiguft. The Names, p.™ and LoM doe call the firft of thefe FilipeM* mm, cm*, and fo doe alfo T>cdcm w and Tabermmd u>w,butCl„fi- u doth rather referre both it and the other unto the Fifiulari* or FelcuUrU for that' they neereft refemble it in forme, excepting the rootes, and thereupon calleth them AUihrdophu, Alpina : Tauhidt calleth tt FilipcxJu/a flon fMuUru and with all maketh it to be that Oenanthe dia Micom of LuadmenRs, Which ,s mote probably another fort of the former and true F,Upend,,la, as I have (hewed you in the Chapter be¬ fore. ThefecondCM* calleth AUtlorolophu, Alpin*f ec „ n d*vdal,c,a ; and F.lipcniuU moJan* * 1 . t, r * as I faid before, followed them in this their errour, and doe call them in Snplijb Mountaine or Hooded Filipendula, according to the Latme, - The Vertues. I do not findc any vertues appropriate peculiarly to thefe plants, either by C/ufiu, or any other that have mentio^ becau 'e if'iw e'fr-Hr l! 1 , t fa M e qu f all ' ie6 that the Yellow or red Rattle have,which fome call Loufcwort, e tffheepe feede thcreon.it will caufe them to breede lice abundantly : they mull abide without ufe to us. Chap. XI. Fie lx me five Tarietarla. Pantary of the Wall. Here are two forts of Paricary of the Wall, although the ancients have mentioned but one,that is; , greater and a Idler, as lhall be declared. —, »■ P*rit*ria vulgaris. Common Paritary of the Wall. This kinde of Paritary, or fas it is ufually called, Pellitoryof the Wall, rifethup with man' brownifh red render and weake, cleare, and almofttraniparentftalkes, about two foote high, upo Which grow at the feverall joynts, two leaves fomewhat broad and long, like unto thole of French Mercury, c jimaranthu r R IBE« 4 , The Theater of'Plants. Chap.II* lkd"¥tower gentle, of a darkegreene, which afterwards tutne brownifh. de nte d at all, but fmooth on the edges, rough and hairy as the Italkes are alfo at thejoynts with the leaves, from the micdle ofthe ftalkes upwards, where itIpreadeth into fomebranches, (land many (mall pale purpliOa flowC r s,- in hairy a nr fomewhat rou$h heades or huSkcs, after which come fmall blacke and rough feede, which will fticke to any garment or cloath that (hall touch it: theroote is fomewhat long with many fmall fibres annexed thereunto, of 11 darkc re ddifh colour, which abide* the Winter, although the ftalkes with leaves penfh, and fpringetha frefh i. parietal ia vulgar it. Common l’clli toty of the tVa(/. l every yeare. J. Parietariaminor. SmallPeliitory ofthe Wall. 1 The leffer Peliitory of the Wall, groweth in the like. t manner that the former doth, but not fo great or high, ha¬ lving tender reddifh rough ftalkes, and fmaller and fhorter, > and fomewhat greener leaves thereon,alinoft like unto Baf- | fill,and rougher alfo, lo that they will cleave to any cloth,or otherthing that toucheth it; the flowers andfeede differ not much from the other.but fmaller, and the feede is more like unto Purflane feede, being rubbed out of the huskes,han the other. The Place, The firft groweth wilde generally through the land, a- :.boutthebordersoffields,andby thefldesof old Walls, and : among rubbifh: it will well endure alfo being brought r into the garden, and planted on thefhadie fide, where it i will fpring of its owne lowing, and will not eafily be got- i ten out therchence afterwards: The other is rare in our ; Countrie, and in Germany alfo,but neare Confluence, where : it is naturally found,and not in many other places, neither both of them in one place or very feldome, it doth fome- ! times hold the greene leaves in theWint er. The Time. They flower in lane and July, and the feede is ripe foone after. The Names, It is called in Greeke He/.vmr, and mjAW. citim, the one quod folionim & Jeminum bhrf*!** veflibw ad kereamhe other cjnodperdices ea libentervefcantur :in Latine •alfo Helvine, ('but not Cijfampelos , which is delcribed be¬ fore, )Pcrdicium,Perd'caria J 5 c Vrcee!arii,Vitrayo or Vitriola- risherba ,becaufe the roughnefle thereof leryeth to clenfe ei¬ ther pots or glades; it is called alfo Maralium, and herba cMuralis, becaule it moll ufually groweth by W alls fides, and for the fame caufe alfo it is-called Parietaria,oT as fome doc write it Paritaria. Galen and P.aulm sAEgineta, who followeth him in mod things, fay, that fome in their dayes called it Parthenittm, but they doc not nnderftand the Ma¬ tricaria for it, but this herbe here entreated of; but there aretobe found in the writings of divers, that have written of herbes feven feverall forts of herbes, called by the name Parthenion or Parthenittm ■ as CSFeratrialis, Arthemifla, Chamomilla nobilit, Amaracw or Mayor an a, Marttm, Adatricaria ; and this Parietaria-,Cornelius Celfusa\(o, and Pliny out of him, doe call it Parthenittm■ and yet Leonicenw JColmariw, and Rttdolphw AgricotaycmCn doubted, whether any did fo call it: the Italians call it I ane- tariaScVitriola -the Spaniards yervademttro- the French Tantoire and Paritari -the Germanes San Peterskrat/t-,as Tray us faith,& Tagunnacht and Glafrflraut-, the Dutchmen Glaffcruidt-in Englifli ordinary Peliitory ofthe Wall, but corruptly as I laid,for it hath no correfpondencie with Peliitory ; but to follow the Latine name,as moft other Countries doe, it fliould be called Paritarie, and ofthe Wallis added according to both the names of Faritaria and Adttralis ; all Authors doe call it generally either Helxine or Parietaria, and Tragus calleth the other Paritaria exigua. The pertues. The dried herbe Paritary made up with hony into an Ele&uarie, or the juice of the herbe, or the decOdfion ■ thereof madeup with Sugar or Hony,is afingularkemedy for any old continuall or dry cough,the fhortnelleof breath and wheezings in the throate : the j'uyce thereof taken to the quantie of three ounces at a time doth won¬ derfully eafe thofc that are troubled with the fuppreffion of their urine, canting them very fpeedily to make wa¬ ter, and to expell both the ftone and graved that are engendred in the kidnies and bladder, and therefore it is ufually put among other herbes that are ufed in glifters, to mittigate paines in the backc. (ides or bowells, p: ocee- dingof winds or the like (loppings of urine, or the graved and ftone : it worketh the like effedb alfo, if thebrai- fed herbe fprinkled with fome Muskadine be warmed upon a ty!e,orina difliupon a few quickc coalos in a Chaffing di(li,and applied to the belly: the decoftion alfo of the herbe being drnnke,ea(eth the paines of the mo¬ ther,and bringeth downe the courles that are (hied; the fame alfo eafeth thofe griefes that arife from the obftru- fiionsoftheliver,fpleene,andreine8:thefamedecoflion alfo may ferve in (lead of a bath for me:i or women to fit in, for the forefaid purpofes: the fame decodlion alfo with a little hony added thereto, will ferve to very good purpofe to gargle the throate when it is fwollen and pained ; the juice held a while ini the mouth eafeth the paines in the teeth-'the diddled water of the herbe drunk with fome Sugar to make it the more pleafa: .t wo> keth the fame effects, and moreover clenfeth the skinne from fpots, freckles, purples, wheales, funbu ne, motpbew, &c. and Ieavcth the skinne, ch are, fmooth and delicate: the j’uyce dropped into the eares eafeth the noife and Pp 3 humming 4^8 C H AP.I2. humtnings in them, and taketh away the prickings and (hooting paines in them ; the faidjuyee or~ the'diftiMed water,doth affwage hot and fwelling impoflumes, burnings or (caldings by fire or \vatcr,as alfo all other hot tu Clours or imflammations, be it Saint Anthonies fire, or any other eruptions ofheate,being bathed often with w t cloths dipped tbcrein;or the laid juice made into a linament with Centra & oyle of Rofcs ; & anointed therewith which alio doth clenfe fou e rotten ulcers, and flaieth fpreading or creeping ulcere, and the running fcabbes o’ fores in childrens heads: the fame alfo helpeth today the falling of thehaire of the head ; the laid ointment o'" the herbe applied to the fundament,openeth the piles,and eafeth their paines,and being mixed with Goates tal' low, or the Cyprian Cerote ,doth helpe the gout: the juyee is very effefluall to clenfe fillulaes.and to heale them ud fafely, or the herbe it felfebruifed and applied with % little fait: it islikewife loeff'eftuallto heale any greenei wound, that ifit be bruifed and bound thereto for three dayes, you may afterwards take it away, for you (hall not neede any other falve or medicine to heale itfurther:a pultis made hereof with Mallowes, andboyled in wine with Wheacebranne, and Beane flower, and fomeoyle put thereto, and applied warmeto any bruifed finew, tendone, or mufcle, doth in a very (hort time reftore them to their flrength, and taketh away the paines of the bruifes, and dilfolveth the congealed bloud ofany beatings, or falls from high places. Chap. XII. Heliotropium . Turnefole. B Hcre are divers forts of’nerbes that may be called Sunturners, becaufe their flowers doe oppofe the Sunne, whereof to fpeake in this place is not mypurpofe, neither will the method of the works admit: but properly of that kinde fo called, whereof there are three or foure forts, a6 lhall be pre- fently declared. ^ - i. Heliotropitim maps. The greater rurnfole. The greater Turnefole rifeth up with one upright (hike, about a foote or more high, dividing it felfe almoU from the bottome into divers fmaller branches, of ahoary colour ■ at each j’oynt of the ftalke and branches orow two fmall broad leaves, fomewhat like unto thofe of Calamintor Bafil, but greater than Calamint, and Teffer than the greater Bafilt, fomewhat white or hoary alfo : at the toppes of the llalkes and branches, hand many (mall white flowers >' confiding of foure and fometimes of five very fmall leaves, fee in rder, one above another, upon a fmall crooked (pike, which turneth inwards like a bowed finger, opening by degrees as the flowers blow open ; after with in their places come fmall cornered feede, foure for the mod part handing together: the roote is fmall and threddy, perifhing every yeare, and the (eede (bedding it felfe, rifeth againe the next Spring. 2. HeliotropiummajwfupinUm. The greater creeping Turnefole. This creeping Turnefole according to the judgement of Chtfau, is in a manner but the fame with the former greater Turnefole, becaufe it is in mod things fo like it, yetdiffereth in t efe particulars, that it hath more and flenderer ftalkes, not banding upright as the former doth but leaneth downe to the ground, the dalkes and leaves are Idfer.but hoary in the like manner; the flowers ate white, and band in crooked fpiked heads, bowing like a Scorpions taile, as the other, but the feede being fmaller, Ifandeth fingly, or but two together: therootea are fmall and perilh in like tflanner. I. Heliotropiunt my us. The greater Turnefole. i. Heliotropium minus. Jhc fmall Turnefole. f Ss Tri B E The Theater of 'Plants* Cha P.I2. 4 . Ucliotropium tiUotcum. The colouring or dying Turnefole. 3. Heliotropium minus . The fmaller Turnefole. This fmaller Turnefole groweth very low, lying almoft with his (lender weake branches Upon the grounds having thereon many fmall leaves, like the other in forme, but three times leflc in fubftance, neither ftalkes nor leaves white nor hoary, but of a darke greenc colour : the flowers are much fmaller and yellowifh, not growing in long crooked or bowing heads like the former, nor at the toppes of the branches, but Handing at the j'oynts^ upon very fmall ftalkes, fome above the leaves and others under them, which afterwards turne into fmall round heads or buttons, like unto wartes, wherein is fuch like feede as the left, but fmaller and a little rounder. 4. Heliotropiumtricoccum. The colouring or dying Turnefole. This dying Turnefole that beareth berries, three alwayesfet together, rifeth up with an upright ftalke bran- thing it felfe diverfly totheheightofhalfea yeardor there abouts; whereon grow broader and fofter leaves than any of former,like unto thole of the fleepy Night- fhade,&whitifh withall,fetwithout order at the joynts up to the toppes, yet lefler above thanb^low: at the end of the branches come forth fmall moffie yellowifh flowers, which quickly perifh and fall away without giving any feede.herein like unto th tRicintu or ‘Palma Cbrifti J called the great Spurgejfor in the fame manner alfo.atthe joynts with the leaves come forth the fruit or berries,(landing three for the moft part alwayes joy- ned together upon fhort foote ftalkes, which are of a blackifh greene colour, and rough or rugged on the outfide, within which is contained afhcoloured feede, which if the heads be lnffered to grow to be overripe, and be dried with the Sunne, will fall out of them- felves upon the ground, and fpring againe in their na¬ tural! places the next yeare, thereby renewing it felfe, for the roote is fmall, and perifhech after it hath borne feede : bur thefe berries when they are at their full ma- turitie, have within them that is betweene the outer skinne and the inner kerncllor feede acertaine /nice or moifture, which being rubbed upon paper or cloth, at the firft appeareth, of a frefh and lively greene co¬ lour, but prefently changeth into a kind of blewifh purple upon the cloth or paper, and rhe fame cloth af¬ terwards wet in water and wrung forth, will colour the water into a claret wine colour; and thefe are thoferagges of cloth, which are ufually called Turne¬ fole, in the Druggifts and Grocers fhoppes, and with all other people, and lerveth to colour jellies, or other things as every one pleafe. The ‘Place, Thefe doe grow in Italy, S fame and Trance in divers places,as Matthiolm,LolelcmA Clnfiue doe fet them downc ; the two firft doe well endure with use The Time. The two firft doe flower andfeede well with us eve¬ ry yeare,but the other two doc fcarce beare any fhcwof feede with us, in regard we want fufficient heate to ri-i pen them. The Thames. It IS called in Greeke {111^ Heliotropion, that is, Solifcqmum Suntumer, fo called faith Diofcor ides, rpumi. s called molt properly in Latine Ver rue aria, a toUendit verruca, and Herb a Cancri i the Italians call it Heliotropio. and thz Spaniards Tornafolbobo s but the Spaniards and French call the laft Turnafol and Turnefol. The firft is gene¬ ra y ca *>■", a H Authors Heliotropium, zndVerrucaria of fome, onely Gefner in hortis, calleth it Scorpioides aU bum, and Lomcerus HerbaCancri major: the fecond Clufm y Dodonaus an d Gefner c*\\ Hehottopium fupinum, ug unenfts Heliotropium humt fparfum Tlufijj and Tauhinus minus fdpinum-, the third is called Hchotropium minus repens otLoM^nd of Gefner Heliotropium minus folio ocimi-Lugdunenfis calleth it Verrucaria altera minor • the laft is called HoUotroyium tricoccum of Pliny, and all others fince his time, yet fome adde unto it mirm. Camerarius m Horton laitn it is called Herb a ClitU, an d thereupon the Poet hath thefe Verfes 5 Herb a veldt Clitt£ femper petit obvia Solem t Sic pi a mens ('hriftttfto quo prece Jpettet habet. ^-Tolel cMcth-.t Heliotrefmm vul^areTurnefol Ga/lorttnt, fve Plini/tricoccum, and inhisObfervations,f?r/»/r«- pMm parvttm ‘Diofcond,,, being foppofed by many to be deferibed by ‘Diofcorides under the minus, although hee aid not particularly name it. 3 _, . The Verities', wjcori es faith that a good handful! of the greater Turnefole boyled in water and drunkes purgeth both' . . fiholte Tbeatrum Botarncum. RIB choller and flegme, and being boylcd in wine, it is good againft the Ringings of Scorpions, to be as well drunke as laid upon the place that is Hung : the fame alfo boiled with Cummin and drunke, helpeth them chat are trou¬ bled with the ft one in the reines or kidnies or bladder, provokcch urine and womens courfes, caufeth aneafie 1 and fpeedy birth, when they are in traeell; it killeth the wormes of the belly both long and round, it the herb- i and feede of the Idler kinde be taken with Hyffope, Creffes, and Nitar. Tlir.y faith 'that the Man in his time held this opinion, (idle as many other his relations are) that foure graines or ieedes ot his Turnelole dtunke in wine, an houre before the accelle orthe fit of the quartaine ague doth cure it, and that three graines drunke in the fame manner will helpe the tertian : the leaves bruifedand applyed to the places pained with the gout, or that are out of/oynt, and being let are full of paine, doth give much eafe, as alio for children that have the difeafe called SjrinJis , which is an inflammation of the parts about the braine, and the tmicles thereof j the feed of the lead kinde (but the greater will doe the fame alfo) and the juice of the leaves alfo being rubbed with a little (alt upon warts, lwollen wens, and other hard kernels or excellences, in the face, eyc-lids, or any other parts of the body, will take them away, by confuming them a little and a little, with often uling it: The dying or colou¬ ring Turnefole is alfo good againft all venemous creatures, and chieffy againft that great Spider Phalanainm and tocaulc the (ling of Scorpions to be without danger or paine, being applyed thereto : it is laid alfo that if*one make a circle upon the ground, round about a Scorpion with a branch of this Turnefole, it fhall not he able to <>ec out of the circle, but if any fhall touch the Scorpion therewith, or C3fl any of the herbe upon ic. it fhall prefently dye: we have no other ufe of thofe clouts that are dyed with the j’uicc thereof, then to colour gellies or tarts or any ocher fuch things which are frequent in many great mens houfes at Tcftivall times. Ch AP. XIII. 'Vrtica. Nettles. I Shall in this place onely (hew you thofe Nettles that are flinging, as peculiar for this Claffis or Tribe, but if I were to write an univerfall compacted hiftory together, which the method I have J propofed doth not permit; I would then in this as in all others,joyne all th efpecies under one genw ‘ and (hew y, 011 / 11 c ^ e diverficies of them, as well thole that are fharpe and flinging,as thofe that are * ~ ° uc ca . , Dea ? ^ ecc ^ es > a °d in them fuch as fmell well, and fuch as (linke, and luch as are Ipotted, and luch as are without lpots, and fo like wife their variation of colours in their flowers,which becaufe I cannot in one, I mull doe in leverall places of this worke. i. P'rtica Romand. The Romane Nettle. The great Romane Nettle groweth up with many round hairy branches, rather leaning downe then Handing upright, fomctimes riling to be of foure or five foote long, fpreading into many branches, whereon at the joynts ■». Vttica Komcina. , • Vrttcamjorv ‘Igaru. The Romans Nettle. The greater wilde Ncrtle. R IB E The Theater of Tlantes. 3 . Vrt ca media fyfae/fru. The middle wild Nettle. Chap.icj, 441 4 - Vi tit a minor. The lefler wild Nettle, are two leaves let together, very rough, and although it hath no fharpe prickles,yet it hath a hairy downe there¬ on, that will fting the skinne mod cruelly if it be touched therewith, and raife it full of bidders,as if it were burnt with fire,and dented at the edges fomewhat deepely ; at divers places of the branches come forth Imall ftalkes of reddifh and yellowifh flowers, made of threds, which fall away without bearing any thing elfe; but at the joynts with the leaves in other places, from the middle of the branches upwards, come forth fmall, round, rough, greene, prickly pellets or buttons, wherein is contained divers flat browne fhining feede, fomewhat like unto Line, or Flax feede, but lmaller and rounder: the roote is yellowifh and fpreadeth divers long ftrings,and fmall fibres, whereby it taketh faftholdin the ground, yet perilheth every yeare, requiring a new fowing every Spring. 2. Vrtica major fylveflris, The greater wild Nettle. This other which is the greater of the wild lorts, hatha pale yellow roote, fpreading very deepe into the ground, with long ftrings, and fmall fibres, and the branches alfo lying on the ground take roote againe, and ipread a great deale of ground, the leaves are of a darker colour, and fometimes brownifh or red, as large,rough and flinging as the former, but not fo deepely dented at the edges; at the toppes of the branches, and likewife from the joynts with the leaves underneath, come forth fmall long branches of flowers and feedes after them, in fafhion very like the branches of the female Mercury, wherein is contained fmall flat whitifh feede, the roote perilheth not like the former,but abideth the winter with lome greene leaves Upon it,ifit be not too extreame, ^ 3, Vrtica media fylveftrpi. The middle wild Nettle. The middle fort of Nettle, is thought by divers to be but one and the fame with the former, and differing onely by the place of growing, and not growing fully fo great: for it hath the like ftalkes and branches, with the like leaves, but lower and fmaller, and thinner let upon the branches, otherwife in feede or creeping rootes, it diffe- reth not from the laft. 4. Vrtica w'mor fylveflris, The lefler wild Nettle. The lefler or leaft Nettle, is in mod things like the laft, but rifeth feldome above halfe a yard high, and little or nothing branched, the leaves alfo are much lmaller, and of a frelher greene colour, but little lefle flinging then the former ; the feed is white like unto it, but the rootes are fmaller and perilh every yeare, yea twife or thriceevery yeare, forihaveobfervedittolheditfelfetwifein a hot yeare, and fpring up againe the third time of the fhedde feede, which being neere winter, perilheth with the firlt frofts, but rifeth againe the next yeare. The T lace. __ _ The firft is mod ufually fowen in Cardens where it is delired, as it is alfo both in the upper and lower Germany , and mod places of France alfo, but it hath bcene found naturally growing time out of minde, both at the towns of Lidde by Romney and in theftreetes of the towne'of Romney in Kent , where it is recorded Inliui Ctfar landed with his fouldiers, and there abode for a certaine time, which it is likely was by them called Romania and cor¬ ruptly there-irom Romcney or Romny, and for the growing of it in that place, it is reported that the ^ u ^ ie j^ s 442 C h a p.i 3. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 4^] brought lorne of the lecde withthem, and lowed it there for their ufe, to rubbe and chafe their limbes, when through cxtreame cold they (hould be ftifte and benummed ; being told before they came from home, that the climate of Britlaine was fo extreame cold, that it was not to be endured without fome friflion or rubbing, t 0 warme their bloods, and to ftirre up naturall heat, fince which time it is thought it hath continued there, hfinm yearely of its owne lowing, Itgroweth alfo in the [freeteof Bardney in Limtsliscjhire . The other three I'ortsi grow in wade grounds, by hedges and wall Tides, and many other untilled places, yet they will alfo be found in manygardens, where ifthey be differed or neglefted but a while, it lliall be hard tu rid them out agamc. The Time , They flower and feede in the end of Sommer, and the lelfer is fo plentifully that it will feede and (lied and: fpring, and (cede againe, that is,beare ripe feed twife in one yeare. " The Names. It is called inGreeke^’w^P" Acalyfhe, cjttia tattaafpera drmjucmdaeft, and vtUn, quod vellicet <$■ pstrtfret, a ■verba r/iijn. cfttod vellicare & pungere fegnijicat, in Latine ZJrtica, ah Krendo cyrndpruritumpujhtlafcyne igrtifimi/es ex- ■ diet. The Arabians a\\k Humiuro ,Vraish latum tAngiara. Tragus faith Jnvrpwcalleth it Hamnre Vraith and 1 thefeede oi it BevoriB angora JeuRagt. The Italians Orsica, the Spaniards Orsiga, the French Ortie, the Ccr- manes Newell, the Dutch men Netteles, 3 nd we in Englifh Nettle. The (iritis called Vrtica Italica of fome and : horsenfis, andisthefirrt kindeof Diofeoridcs, called of Clufiui Legit sma, of moll vsrvers Romana mi mas os maf- : cssla ; for the iecond is called/a»»i>M, and of mod authors Vrtica major, and vulgaris or mens. The third is called I by Tragus, Vrtica vulgaris mens altera, and of Lttgdunertjis Vrtica Olygophyll s a paucitate foliorum. The fourth i is called Vrtica minoroi all writers, but onely of Cafa/pin-as exigtsa, and of Dodonatu mens minima, and is the third of Tragus, CMatthiolm, Lugdunenfis, and Cafier Dmantes: it is the Cavtia of Tliny, which Comorin, thin- keth fhould be rather written Carina. ThcVertssrs, Although Nettles doe hurt and ding the skinne and llefli, while they are greqie, which is caufed by the haire or rough downe upon them, and might be thought to be caudicke or exulceratirg being other wife applyed, yet iris not fo, being found to be hot and dry in the fecond degree; the leaves boyled m wine and drunke, is faid to open the belly and make it foluble; the rootes or leaves boyled, or the juke of either ofthem, or both, made into an EleEhtary with Honey or Sugar, is a fafe or fure medicine to open the pipes and paffages of the Lungs,which is the canfe ofwheefings and Ihortneffe of breath, and hclpeth to expeflorate tough cold flegme flicking in them, or in the died ordomacke, asalfotorailethe impollumated Piurefie, and fpend it by fpitting : thefame alfo hclpeth the Almondsof the throate when they are fwtlied, to gargle the mouth and throate therewith, the j'uice alfo is effedluall to fettle the pallate of the mouth in its place, and to heale and temper the inflammations and forenefle ot the mouth and throate; the decoction of the leaves in wine and drunke, is lingular good to pro¬ voke womens courfes, and to fettle the fuftocation or firangling of the mother, and all other the difea- fes thereof, as alio applyed outwardly with a little Myrrhe: the fame alfo or the feed provoketh urine and expelleth gravel! and the done in the reines or bladder; often prooved to be effedluall in many that have ta¬ ken it; the fame decodfion alfo of the leaves or feede,or being beaten and drunke in that decoction, killetli the wormes in the bellies of Children, and is laid to cafe the panics m the Tides, androdiffolveor breaite the win- dineffe in the fpleene as alio in the bod v; but others doe thinke that it being fomewhat windy of it felfc, isnot fo powerfull or available tocxpell wind, but onely to provoke Venery ; the juice of the leaves taken two or three dayes together flayeth bleeding at the mouth, which rifethfrom the domacke: the feed being drunke is a remedy againlt the dinging of venemous creatures, the bitings ot madde dogs,the payfonfull qualities of Hem¬ locks, Henbane, Nighc'nade, Mandrake, or other fuch like herbes, that flupify and dull the ienfes, as alfo the Lethargy, but efpecially to ule it outwardly to rubbe the forehead and temples in the lethargy, and the places bitten or dunge with beads, ufed with a little (alt, Ntcander faith, it helpeth them that have taken Quickfilver and thofc that have eaten evill Mudiromes,or furfet of the good ; thedidilled w ater of the herbe is very effedlu- all,(although not (opowerfull.)as well for all the dileafes aforefaid, as for outwaid wounds, and foies, to waih them, and toclenfe the skinne from Morphew, Lepry, and ether dilcolourings thereof; the feede (and fome al¬ fo ufe the leaves) being bruifed, and put into the nodi lls, doth danch the bleeding of them, and takech away the fleili growing in them, called T-olypw : the juice of the leaves or the decoction ofthem or of the rootes, is lingu¬ lar good to walk either old rotten anddinking fores, or fiftulaies and Gangrenes alfo, and fuch asare fretting ea¬ ting or corroding fcabbes, alfo mangineffe and itches in any part of the body, as alfo greene wounds, by walhing them therewith, or putting the j'uice into the fores or wounds, or applying the greene herbe bruifed thereunto, yea alchough the fiefh were feparated from the bones ; the fame alio applyed to overwearied members relrefh- eththem, or to places out of j'oynt, after the j'oynt isfetin its right plate it rtrengtheneth, dryeth, andcomfor- teth them, as alfo to thofe places troubled with aches and goutes, and the dt fluid ion of humours upon the joynts or flnewes, it eafeth the paines , and dryeth ordiicufl’eth the defluftions .■ an ointment made with the j'uice, oyle and a little waxe,is lingular good to rubbe cold and benummed members, to bring them to their proper activity againe; a handfull of the greene leaves of Nettles, and another of Wall-wort or Dane-.wort,bruifed and apply¬ ed (imply of themfelves to the Gout, Sciatica, or j'oynt aches, in any part, hath heene found to be an admirable hclpe thereunto: it is faid that if greene Nettles be put into the urine ot a fitke body, if it be frefli and greene, af¬ ter it hathlyen foureand twenty houres therein, the party fhall recover of that fickneffe, but if it doe not abide greene, it (ignifieth death or great danger; ifyougive hennes fome dry Nettiesbroken fmall, with their meate in winter, it will make them lay egges all the winter more plentifully; it is faid alfo, that if the herbe berubbed on the privities of female bealfs, that will not fuffer the males to cover them.it will caufe them the more willing¬ ly to fuller them to doe it: the oyle ofrofes or falletoyle boyled with the j'uice, or the j'uice of the leaves them¬ felves. isaprefentremedy to takeaway theftinging of the Nettles: toallthe purpofes aforeiaid, the Romane N ettle is held the molt effeffuall, yet where it cannot be had, the other are in a degree next it, as effedluall, yet the lead is thoughc of fome to be leffe powerfull,and of others to be as avatlcable as any of the other two. Cha ?. 1 Tribe Polygonum Great Knot-graffe.. He Knot-grades are divided into twokindes, male and female, ofthe male kindes I (hall fpeake in this and the following Chapters, becaufe they are of many forts, fome greater, others lelfer: and fame Sea plants, the female being called Sharegraffe, or Horfetaile, fhaJlbe entreated of in another place ; I thinke it fitted therefore to divide thefe into three parts, and fpeake of the greatefl: in this Chapter, ofthe lelfer kindes in the next, and of thofe kinds that beare finite or berryeHn another following them, thatfobeingorderlyfetdowne, everyone apart, it might ! yeeld the more profit to the reader. j. PolygonummM vulgar?msijuf. The greater common Knot-graffe. The greater common Knot-grade fhooteth forth many long (lender branches full of joynts, lying upon the ground, with divers long and narrow leaves let thereon, one for the mod part at a joynt, having mod ulually a fmall white skinne that coxereth the joynt; whereat,efpccially from the middle of the branches upwards come : forth the flowers, which are fo fmall, that they are for the mod part not feene and difeerned, which in fome are white, mothers of a whmfh purple colour, which after turne into very fmall fquarefecd : like unto Sorrell feede : the roote is reddilh,(mall, Ihort and round, abiding the Winter, and (hooting a new every yeare. I faw m Mr. D r foxes booke of dryed herbes which he received from ‘Fade* a greater fort hereof, whole figure I here give you. “ ’■ Polygonum vulgar? nunm. The leffer common Knotgraffe. This lelfer Knotgraffe groweth ini all things like the former, and differeth from it onely in the leaves, which are fmaller.and neither fo broad or long,and the flowers hereof are alwayes white r i- Fohgonsmmwmbnvmefolio. Small fhort leafed Knotgraffe. This other fmall kmde, hath likewife many flender j'oynted branches, but more wooddy then the former, lpread alfo into fome other fmaller ones, whereon grow fmall fhort leaves, leffer then thofe of the fmall St Mbit wort: the flowers are lmall and white like the other. 4 - Polygonum Saxatile. Stony Knotgraffe. The ftony Knotgraffe hath many weake tray ling branches full of joynt*. rifing from a fmall white fibrous rootes, lying upon the ground round about it, whereon grow leaves that are fomewhat round, being of an inch in length,and halfe an inch in breadth, but growing fmaller to the ftalkeward, greene on the upperfide, and of a whitilh mealy colour underneath at the joynts come forth fmall pale reddifli flowers, like unto the other, and after them f ollowethfach like leede asm the other* Tbeatrum 'Botamcitm 444 Chap. 14. R IB E 4. S . Polygonum mn.rir.um The greater Sea Knotgrafle. The greater Sea Knotgrafle,runneth out into many and much larger branches then the firll, lying on the ground, yet full of joynts, fet very clofe together, with leaves thereon, tomewhat like the common kinckbut thicker, lomewhat fhorter and broa¬ der, and of a darke greene colour above,and whiter underneath: the flowers (land at the joynts in the fame manner,having fmall white skinnes that cover the joynts, which in Ionic alfo are of a white, and in others ofa purplifli colour; after which com- meth fmall feede.enclofed in whitifh (hining skinnes; the tafle of the whole plant and every partthereofis attringent,but fotne- what fait withalt: the rootc is lomewhat great, thicke, blacks, long, and lomewhat wooddy. 6 , Polygonum marinum minus. The lelfer Sea Knotgrafle. This lefler kind hath longer (lalkes then the lad,covered with areddilh barke, and more divided into (mailer branches,having fewer joynts on the greater (lalkes, but the branches are thicke, fet with fmaller leaves then the former, and are lomewhat fat and thicke, long and narrow like thecommonkinie: the flow¬ ers are fmall and whitilh, and thefeede is not much unlike the La ft, the 1 oote is fomewhat long blacke and wooddy,with a few fibres fet thereat. The Place, The firft two forts grow every where, and in every Country almoft, both by the footewaies in fields,and on the Tides of high- wayes that are greene, for m iome it overfpreadeth them, and by the Tides of old walls. The third grovveth upon the higher grounds, and upon hils and mountaines. The fourth in che fame places alfo,among the ftones in the rougher parts. The two laft grow by the Sea fide in divers places. T he T ime. They fpring up late in the Spi ing, and abide all the Sommer until I Winter,when all their branches perifh. The Names, Tt is called in Greeke -V cv PolygonumtfuodmultUgenttbw crcfcit, which name is ufuall to it in Latine,yet it is alfo called Scminalii.Sanguimlii^Sanguinaria and Projerpinaca of the feverall properties it hath to flanch blood, or to ci cepe on the ground : in che Apothecaries {hops in Italy and many other pla cs Corrigiola J and Centinodia , for the feverall refpeA unto the qualities to correft the heate of the ftomacke and body, or for the joynts and knots that every branch hath. The Arabians call it Bajia trahagi , the Italians Poligono , Corregiola , and Tome Lemrrta PaJferinA. The Spaniards Corrida. The trcr.che Renovee, Corrigiole , and of the rValloones Marjolcne deCure. The Germane^ PPeggraJfe, and EPegdrit. The 'Dutchmen weghgras oft day font knoop. In Snghfb Knot- grafle.and Swines grafle, and in the North Country of divers, Birds tongue, from one of the Italian names.The firfi: three forts are ufnally of al authors called Polygonum mat or mafculum, for they are al alike,differing only that the one is bigger or ieffer then another (for the Polygonumfumina ox fem-.nsum differeth in forme very much from this, and fhall be entreated of among the Sheregraffes, or Horfetailes, as being likeft unto them, al¬ though not rough:) Tome alfo call the firfi; vulqare or mayM for diftinations fake from the lecond and third ,which are both called minus • yet the third is thought by r Bat*hinw in his Pinax, both to be the Polygonum mafculum fr utic ofum of Thaliw , in the deferiptionof ' Harcyniafyfaa, (which Camerarius hath fet forth and joyned it to his Hortus MedicM,) and alfo the Sedum minimum arbor efeens vermiculatumoi Lobel, for he feemeth doubtfull unto which Thaliw his Polygonum lhould be referred. The fourth Bauhinw calleth Polygonum Saxatile , and no other before him that J know hath made mention of it. The fifehis called Tolygonum marinum by Label in his Ob- fervations, and Polygonum marinum maximum in his Adverfaria,* nd of Lugdunenfis polygonum marinumprimttm Talechampij, as he"calleth the laft Polygonum marinum alterum Dalechampij • which Bauhinw calleth Polygonum maritinmm angufl fohum ,calling the former Latifolium. TheVertues. The common forts of KnotgrafTe are cooling drying,and binding, in To much that the Juice of them is moft ef- fechull to ft ay any bleeding at the mouth, Leingdrunke in fteeled or red wine, and the bleeding at the nofe to bcapplved to the forehead and temples, or to be fquirtedupintothenofirils ; it is alfo no leife effectual! to coole and temper the heat of blood, or of the ftomacke, and to ftay any flux of the blood or humours, either of the belly, as all laskcs or bloody fluxes that come by chollericke and fharpe humours, or ihe abundant flowing of womens courfes,or the running of the reines alfo,the j’uice given before the fit of an ague,be it tertian or quartane doth come, is faid to expell it and drive it away, it is alio fingular good to provoke urine when it is flopped, as al fo when it paffeth away by droppes. and with ps ine, which is called the Strangury,as alfo the heate and fharp- nefle therein - and to expell powerfully by the urine, thegravellor theftoneinthe reines or bladder, to take a dramme of the powder of the herbe in wine for many daies together ; which effe&s as Diofcorides doth affirme, fo Galen feemeth nor to dcny,hut onely faith that ‘ Diofcorides hath not fufficiently exprefled himfelfe in the man¬ ner of the difeafe and how it lliould be given : being boyled in wine and drunke, it is profitable to thofe that are flung or bitten by venemous creatures, and the fame is very effeduall to ftay all defluxions of rhcumaticke hu¬ mours upon the ftomacke, and killech likewife the wormes in the belly or ftomacke, and quietech ail the inward 5.6. Polygonum ir.iinnummajui&minus. The greater and Idler Sea KnotgraUe. Tribe 4. The Theater of 'Plants C HAP. 15, 445 paines of the body, either in the ftomacke or belly or other parts that anie from the heare, Iharpeneffe and corrup- }ion of bloud and choller: the diftilled water hereof taken by it felfe, or with the powder of the herbe or feeder's very eft'eAua!! to all the purpofes aforefaid: the faid water or the juyce of the herbe, is accounted as one of the 1 moll foveraine remedies to coole all manner of inflammations, even Saint Antbtnies fire, or any other bicakin" forth of heate,all hot fuellings and empoflumations, all gangrenous, that is eating and fretting or burnin" lores i and fiftulous cancers, or foule filthy ulcers being applied or puc into them, but efpecially for all forts of ulcers and 1 fores happening in the privy parts of men or women, reftraining the humours from falling to them, and cooling I and drying up the hot and moift inflammations, that are apt to follow fuch fores in inch places ; it no lelfe : lielpeth all trefli and greene wounds, by reftraining the bLud, and quickly confolidatingthelippes of them ; the juyce dropped into the eaves helpeth them wonderfully, although they are foule, and have running matter in them : the feakindes of Knotgraffe, are not thought to be fo cooling and operative for the griefes aforefaid, in regard they have gotten more heate by their lalt habitation 5 yet effeftuall in many of the other properties the li fait qualitie caufing fomewhat the more penetration. !. Polygonum wontanun vivenra. White Mountaine KnotgcalTe. G H A P. XV. Tolygona minora. Divers forts of fmall Knotgraffe. thefefmaller kinder, there are many more than ofthe former, differing the one frofn the other as fliall be declared hereafter: and firft I will ftiew you thofe that come mated in outward face and forme nnto the other, next going before, and the fmalleft afterward. 1. Polyqonummontannmmveum. White Mountaine Knotgraffe. This Mountaine Knotgraffe is fo fine a white filverlike plant, efpeciafiy in the hotter countries, and when it is growne old, that it giveth much delight to the beholders of it: for it fpreadeth many weake traylmg brandies upon the ground, in l'ome places not paft an hands breadth, in others afootelong, as full or fulftrjf joynts than any of the former, and thicke let alfo with fmaller branches; whereon are placed very fmall long leaves, lying alinoft like feales upon the wbitilh hard ftalkes, thefe leaves are greene at the firft and tender, but when they are growne old, they will be of a (tuning filver colour, and hard likeskinnes or parchment, the to*ppes of the ftalkes and branches being thicke fee, with fmall white filver-like leaves: and at the joints alfo come forth very fmall white flowers fcarfe to be difcerncd, where alfo afterward there is the like feedt, but fmaller • the roote is fmall long and white, not pcrifhing nei¬ ther the branches nor the leaves in the Winter in his natural! place, but will not endure our cold blaftes and nights, and therefore perifheth unleffe it have more cfpeciall care and provlfiontopreferve it. 2. Polygonum montanxmVermiculatxfoliji. Mountaine Knotgraffe with Stonecrop leaves. This fmall herbe (or Knotgraffe for unro this family Sauhirms doth referre it) groweth not much more than an hand breadth high,fending forth many (lender ivhitifh round ftalkes lull of joynts which doe a little bend tbemfelves downe againe to the ground ; at the joynts are fer fmall long round fat leaves like unto thofe of Stonecrop pointed but not pricking at the ends, and with the leaves; at the faid joynts towards the toppes rife Angle flowers, that is one at a joynt fomewhat large that it doth feemc many, ofa greenilli colour, laid open like a Star, with divers whitifh fmall threds in the middle fcarfe to be difeerned,after which commeth a fmall round feed vefl'ell and fmall leede therein: the roote is fmall white and threddy ; this hath neither tafte nor fent much to be perceived there¬ in, onely it is a little harfh and drying andlomewhat bitter withall: it feemeth to partake in face with the Stonecroppes, and in tafte, with Knotgrafle, and the tide rifetli from both. 3. Polygonum Valcntinum five AntkyllU Va¬ lentina Clttjij. Spewifh Knotgraffe. This fmall plant which Clufitu found in Spaine, and thought might be referred to the Anthyllides, is by divers the belt Herbarifts fincc, accounted a kinds of Knotgrafle, or more neerely refembling them, fo r it fhooteth forth many fmall weake reddifti bran, dies, lying upon the ground, and not able to Hand upright, about a footc long, parted into many other fmaller branches, whereon grow at feverall joynts and fpa- ces many fmall leaves together, like unto thofe of Time fpurge; whereon, as well as on the ftalke there grow- eth a ftiew of mealinefle, as many fea plants have; with the leaves come forth fmall purplifh white flowers, Eonfifting of fourc leaves apecc?; the feede hath no.t beene obferved; the roote is fmall long and blackifli or. the outftde. Q q 4. Polygonum ■ - li 'fir ■ : ( 4 , i 44 6 Chap.i5» Bheatrum Botanicum. Tr IB E.4 4. 'Polygonumminus LMonjpelienfe, Small knotgrafl'e of (JKompclier . This fmall FmjcA Knotgrafl'e hath divers fmall branches ly ing upon the ground, full of j oints, whereat are fc fmall greene leaves, being fomewhat round and like unto thofe of the fmall Lentillcs: the flowers are ver. fmall and o( a whitiih colour, tending unto greene, (landing at the toppes of the branches onely, and many (e there together, which afterwards give very fmall feede: therooteis fmall, but very long, growing down' deepe into the ground : this plant is very like Clufim his AnthyllisValentina ; but Hanhinm contelteth ferioufly a gaing them that would fo take it jfor that C/tfjmi his AnthjHu hath reddiiii branches,and this hath greene,his hatl much fmaller leaves, and more (lore of flowers, and 1 Polygonum imtltanum Ptmiculete folijs. Mountaine Knotgrafl'e vvirh Stonecrop feeves*. 3. PofeMum Valemmum. Spanijh Knorgtaffe. that of apurplifh colour, and none at all (landing at the toppes of the branches: all which confidered, he determined! that this is a differing fort from the other. 5. Polygonum Creticum Thymi folio. Candy Knotgrafl'e. This fmall Candy Knotgrafl'e lieth likewife with his fmall branches upon the ground, not pad an hand breadth in length: the leaves (land at the joints, lometimesbutoneor two, and fometimes three or foure, differing in bignefl'e and length one from another; with the leaves (land alfo many fmall white flowers together, as it were in a knot or bunch: after which commeth the feede, which is fmall and plen¬ tiful!. 6 . Folygonnm Serpyllifolio Lobeliy. Loteh Knotgrafl'e with Mother of Time leaves. This Knotgrafl'e that XoMhath fet forth inhis Ad- ■verfaria, hath very long threddy (hikes fpread upon the ground, branched forth in divers places, with many fmall long and round leaves fap- pieor full ofj'uyce, fomewhat like unto Stonecroppe, fet together at the j'oints: the whole plant fomewhat refembleth Scrpylhyn Narbonenfc , French mothec of Time : the rootc is long and wood- die, of a bittcrilh talle, fomewhat hot upon the tongue. 7. Polygonum Cjcrmanicitm five K narco ell Germanorttm, Germane Knotgrafl'e or Knawell. The Germane1 Knawell fendeth forth from a fmall flender threddy roote, di¬ vers fmall branches, not fully lying downe on the ground,halfc a foote long full of j’oints, thickly fet together, at e- very one whereof. Hand many very fmall and long pointed leaves, of a grayilh greene or aft, colour, which are of an tmequall length, two for the mod part longer than the other: at thefe joynts with thcleaves grow out divers wort, which ate of a quicke hot fent fomewhat fweete ’ ° Che ^ ° f ' Ru P turc 8 . Polygonum altcrtm Germanicum. Another Germane Knoteraffe which are very fmall and white on theinfide.but ofa^ro\vnifli red col<™r^on r the C nnrfid r ' an ''| C very fmall feede, and in a plentiful! manner: the toote^Tmall long lnd whue Wh ‘ ch afler tUrnC lnt 9 ■ Gtu/legrana major five Hcrmaria vulgar!,. Rupturewort ,. T P, e Ru P Wrewort fpreadeth very many threddy branches, round about upon the oround i„ divided into many other fmaller parts, full of fmall joints, fet very thicke together whereat mm / P h ! rie fmall leaves.ofa frelh yellowilh greene colour, branches and all, where fT " ">'“ h * T ,. ... T I0 j Hermann major Afric ana. The greater Rupturewort of Africa things CTenSf r ° Weth grMtCr ’ l3rger ' m0re Upr ‘ ght tba " the laft > and *“>!“ of Ranches, in othi lit Midegran* Tribe 4. The Theater ofT [antes. CHAP.15, 447 11. Milk grand minima five Hcrniaria miner. Rupturewort with longer leaves. This other kinde of Rupturewort, hath likewife fmall threddie j ftalkes, but with fewer joints, and long narrow leaves, fomewhat 1 rough or hairy fetat them,fuller of branches towards the toppes, where ) the flowers and leede doe grow like unto the other, and in a plentifull [ manner alfo : the rootc is fmall but not fo long. Baubinus maketh men- ntion in his/’<»<** ofone which he calleth frmicofa with wooddie low 1 (hikes, and fome long leaves growing thicke thereon. The Place . I Thefirft groweth both about Arles and CMarfcities in Trance , and in 1 Valentia, ijAdarcia, and Salamanca in Spaine, as C lupus and Pena doe : record : the fccond in Naples as Columns faith ; the third Clufius faith, f roweth likewife about the Caftle of Valentin in Spaine : the fourth oth on the mountaines of Efcuriall in Spaine ,and in the barren grounds ; about Montpelier in France, ns Bauhinm alfo faith : the fife in Candy, as rHauhinw faith, who had the feede from thence: the fix: upon the hills, sjrcarethe fea \n Provence ot France,as Pena alfo faith: the feventhin the i Weft countrie about Chipmtm, if Lobel his figure be true ; and in many ; places of Cjermauy by the wayes (ides ; and fo doth the eight likewife indrie fandy and rockie places: the ninth groweth in many places of . our owne Land, as well as in others, in drie barren grounds, where it will be fmall, and in the moifler places alfo, but not boggieor morifh, (that are not fhadowed : the tenth in Africa neare Tunice where Cuijlame Boel gathered it: the lafl in the drie chalke or [tony grounds I of Krarjand other countries. 7. Polygonum Oenaanicum five KjlavpellCcr- manorum. Germane Knotgraffe or Knawell, Icruttco/io 9. Hcrniaria vulgaris. Rupturewort, 10. Hernhtr ia » ajar Africana. The greater Rupturewort of Africa. The Time. They all are frefti and greenc in the Summer, and unto the Winter, which caufeth the mod of them to wither and drie, and in the meane time they perfect their feede. The Names, The firft is called of Label and Pena in their Adverfaria Polygonum montannm minimum niveum, & (ericcum of Chi pus Paronychia Hillanica ■ of Lugdmer.fis Polygon Hijpanici genus C/nfij : Tabermontanus and Gerard call it Polygonum montannm -and Bauhinm Polygonum minus candicans: the fccond Colnmna calleth Vermiculata montana nova ; and Bauhinm ‘Polygonum montanum Vermiculata folijs-, the third Clnfm calleth Anthylhs Valentina ,becaufe he faith Plaza and other the learned Phifitions of the Vniverfitie of Valentin in Spaine did (o account and call it 5 which as he faith, although it might be a kind thereof, yet it could not be Bwfcorides his fifth Anthyllu, becaufe it hath uptight flalkes, which this hath not; but all other Herbarifts doe account it a kinde of fmall Knotgrafle and fo have I called it,although fomewhat differing from him-,Bauhinm maketh it an AnthyUts among his AnthyUides and a Fohqonum alfo among thefe, calling it Polygonumgramineofoils majus ereblum } which in my opinion is not fitting unto it, in that it neither groweth upright, nor hath fuch long leaves, that they fhould refemblegraffe : the fourth ‘Bauhinm in his P imx, maketh to be both his ninth fmall Knotgiaffe, calling it Polygonum minus tenm. folium • and alfo his twelfth by the name of Polygonum minus lentifolium ; and in both places referreth us to the founhPolygonnmdetcnbedinbisProdromui, whereby he filleth up the number of forts without reafon : the fifth Bauhinm fo calleth.as it is in the title : the fixt Lobel calleth Polygonum alterumpufiHum vermiculata SerpiU . Qj] 2 448 C h a p. 16. Theatrum Botanicum. T iubs 4, folio . and Lugdunenfis, Polygonum altemm Serpilli folio ; but Bauhinus Polygonum maritimum minus folio Serpilli i the leventh Tragus accounceth to be a kinde ot 'Polygonum, which they of his countrie called Knaml ; hee alfc thinketh it might be called fVKwfov of the abundance of feede, and Polycnemon of the vertues. Lagdumnfu alfocallethit Pdycarpon, andDodonaus in his Ft mptades taketh it to be a Polygonum e xigmm. Gt r cAherwife if it hand 4. Eva maiii.a minor. The Idler Sea Grape. i trees, orotnersacamu which il i ueare unto a lower tree or fhrubbe, it feldome nfech above their height, yet hath it no clafpers to winde about any thing, nor doe the branches windethemfelves, as the nature of Apocynum or p eriploca Dogs bane doth; yet as the Ivy by fending forth | rootes at the joynts, into the barke of the trees that groweth 1 next thereunto, it thereby dimeth unto the toppeot them: at 1 thefe joynts grow no leaves for iris wholly demtute or them, I but from them thooce forth divers other branches, and at the : fame joynts upwards, Hand many fmall molly flowers, of a pale or whitifhyellow colour, fomewhatlike unto the blonomesot the male Cornell tree, which afterwards turne into l®* 11 red berries when they ate ripe, like unto fmall Mulberries, full of juice,of a fowre tafte, wherein lye fmall yellow feede like Mil¬ let, the roote lpreadech divers wayes underground, being hard and wooddy. 3. P olygomm baccifirumfiveVva marina major. The greater Sea Grape. This greater Sea Grape is fo like unto the former, except in the Iona and ciiming branches, that it is verily thought of divers “he bat the fame not growing neare any Ihrubbe or tree to caufe it to afeendas the other doth, and as it lsfaid before the former kind § e ufeth to doe, by the report of Solloun, in hi, third booke ot Oblervation* .and the .1 Chauter for this alfo hath a flubbed ftocke, from whence rife many (lender branches about a foote long, fet wiih joynts like unto an Horfetayle giraffe, up to the toppes, which doe a little bow or hang downe aga.ne, al¬ together without leaves, and with many moffy pale flowers,, but Atmnlara laith reddifh.fet together at the joynts which afterwards turne into fmall red berries like RaJpu,ofa lowrifli tafle as the other doth, wherein lie thelike yellowifh feede : the roote is like wife hard and wooddy. 4 VolyironumbactifcritmmmM,[mVvamariMmwcr. The lefkr Sea Grape. The Imaller Sea Grape rifeth up immediately from the roote, with many (lender wcake, redd.fh, rufli like ftalkes fixe or leaven foote long fometimes, lying for the mod part upon the ground, wooddy at the bottome of them with the like joynts and branches iffuing from them, as in the former, and without any leaves at them alfo • the flowers are many and pale alfo, and molly like them .but Handing upon fomewhat longer footeftalkes, and the red berries are likewife like unto Rajph or Mulberries, ofafownlh tafte, wherein is contained a fmall btackifh three fquare feede or two, like unto the former: the ftalkes and branches are no lefle aftringenc in tafte then the laft.the roote is fmallcr, and lendech forth divers fuckers, which creeping under ground fpreade farre. The Tlace. The firft groweth in many dry, barren, and fandy grounds, in Volonia. The fecond Bcllomm in his thi rd booke and a. i Chapter of his Obfervations, faith gtoweth in the valleies or lower plaine grounds, at the foote of the inountaine Olympus, and in Vlyricum betweene Cafiello novo, and the old Epidourm. The third C lufm faith he found onely in Sp.rne, in the Kingdome of CMnnia, by the Sea fide, and no where elfe. The fourth Libel faith eroweth not onely neare the Sea fide, about Capede Sete,VtrauUnA Magalonanot farre from Mmplur, but at Bochcll alfo about the Sea fide, and in other places, but Clttfw faith, he found it not farre horn Salamanca, which is the heart ot Spa'me in great plenty upon a fmall hill, whereof he wondreth much,not having found it or hearing of any other to have found it, in any other places then the Sea coafts. Anguillara laith in ‘ Dalmatia , a- bout the river Sabemcw, , Thefe flower late, and ripen their fruite in the naturall places feldome before O Bober, and never in tnele colder climates, as hath beene often prooved true : yea the rootes will hardly without efpeciall care and keeping, be preferved in the W inter with us. The Names, The firft is mentioned by Camerariw }oy the name of P olygontim Cocciferum Volomcum in his Epitome of Matthi- duty and as I faid before by Am atm Lufitanw^ yet as not growing on P olygonum- but other herbes. The lecond is recorded by Tellonim in his third booke and 41. Chapter,/#/. I97.by the name of Ephedra, that it was full or red feede like unto Andrfifdcje, by Dodontw, under the name of Sphedrafive Anabafs, as alfo by Rauwolfius.Vlmy calleth it Cancan five Ephedra. Bauhinw calleth it polygonum baccjferumfcandens . The third is called by C Volyqonum quartum Vlinij majits, and faith the Spaniards call it Telcho: by Tabermontanm Volygonum minimum five cocciferum prim am: by Bauhinw Volygonum bacciferummaritlmum majus, jive Vva maritima major. The fourth is called by Clufm Volygonum quantum Vlinij minus , who thinketh it to be the Androface of Bello ius 9 but 1 thinke Tellonius rather meant the greater forts, by LobclVva marina CMonjpeliejsjinm , and contefteth w ith MattmolW' why this fhould not be Tragon or Traganon ofEDiefcorides, (as they of Mompelier formerly called it, and afterwards Androface as Belloniw did) in that he made Theophraftw his Scorpio to be Tragos ; by Ruellim Tragos , by Lucdttnenfis Tragm, five Scorpius maritimm T)alechampij , yet in another place he calleth it Sqmfctum quar¬ tern, as Vena doth Equifetifacie racemofa planta-, by Anguillara it is thought to be Croton of N.cander, by Camera - rim Traeum a nd Vva marina,by Gefner in hortis GermanU 7 *ragium,by Tabermontanus Volygonum mannum fccun- dum i anefby Bauhinus Volygonum bacciferum maritimum minus ,Lugdimnfis taketh it to be Ofteocollnm Bieroclu & 45 2 Chap.iS, Theatrum Botanicum . RIB E --- - -*A. Mfin,. The tad call it Ray fins de m er, from whence came the name^fTw^T- . . 7 ^ one c “not pull them in Caffia poetic a MorjpeHenfiim. The red berried flirubbe Caflb. Chap. XVIII. CaJJia Poetic a Monspelie»fiitm t The red berried Shrubbe Caffia. J Have been bold to infert this plant in this place.becaufe feme have made it a kind of Pohponun, „„ . ) although we cannot find it to be a Saxifrage or breakeftone.yct it hath the other drvino Ihliri ’ ^ i qualities of Tolygomn,. This ffirubbe rifeth up to the height of two loote or there IboStt wE many (lender twiggie greene branches, whereon grow fmall long leaves 1 ke unto I ™ t F S * 7 * or fomewhat refembling thofc ofLavander buttf innelv fer afl Ik u' . F e ’ flowers are moffie orth’eddy,and of a paleyellowiffi gerene ^ g upon the branches; the coluorffike unto thofe of the Olive tree, or of the Male Cor¬ nell treejwherc afterwards come fmall round berries,greene atthefirlhbutredas Corral], or like the berries of Afpara- gus when they are ripe, of an aftringent glutinous tafte,with lome fharpenefle joyned therewhith, wherein is contained an hard (lone, having a white fweete kernell within it: the roote is hard and wooddy. The Place. It groweth by the high wayes, in many places of Spahte, both in the countries of Granada and Valcntia, and SiviU as alfo in divers places of Provence in France, about the hedges andbordresoffhe Olive ycards: by the bankes alfo of the river Lama, and about the village Ferattl, not farre from Montpelier, as alfo in a fmall Wood or Coppife nearc unto the Priory of Egremont, neere there adjoyning. The Time. It flowreth about hwe and Inly, and the berries ripen not Untill September, The Names. ClufiM faith that it was accounted for Ofyris of Pliny, while he lived atCMompelier, whereunto hee faith, it doth agree in many things, but afterward they called it Caffia, but by whatreafon or caufeit is not knowne, for it neither agreeth with that Cafia of Diofiorides and Galen, which is like Cinamon, and is of a fpicie tafle, called in Apothecaries fnoppes Caffiia lignea, whereas this is nothing fo : nor can it be the Cneoron ol Tbeophraflm,vihich as Pliny faith Hyeinm called Caffia, neither is it the fweete fmellingCa/ffa olVir- £ hath not tmc ‘ which he inverteth to the berries which m% tbat the leaves of O/yni are firft black and then red, ^i^Wjtakcth him thus corruoted wh' h a great alteration^otfenfe; and Bauhimu, tomakethis plant his J ’ cn nun tnus corrupted, which yet is not found, that the berries fhould be blackc before they be red. 7 he The Theater of \Plants < Chap, 19, 453] Tribe 4. _ ___ -- ” ' The Vertues . We have little recorded of any efpeciall cure this hath performed, or that it is applied to thofe that are ficke of anv difeafe • for although all doe agree that it is of a drying, glutinous and aftringent tafte, and might no doubt be effeftuali for i as kes and fluxes of blond and humours tn men and women, and to performe whatibe- verthe aftrin°enr and drying propertie might, as in Folygonum promife to performe, yet there is nothing deter¬ mined and therefore I dare not play the Phificion to invent new receipts, for the cure of old difeafes s it is fuffi. cient to declare the temperature and what others have ufed or approinted, when I have no new thing to (hew. .. 3. luncarld Sa'waticenfn. Small ftone Woodroofc of Sprine* Chap. X IX. 1 . JJperttlu refens Gefniri,fiwS«xifrtig 38 3re in wild ThisElaxeweed ’ The great broadleafed Flaxeweedeof Cmdy. Iaxeweede of Cmtdj fendeth from the ropte a round thicke ftalke,two or three foote High, fpread into many Tbe Theater ofTlants. Chaf.21 . 4 . Ofyru five Linaria alba . White flowed Flaxeweede. F R I B E./J,, nany branches, whereon arc fet fometimes two and fometimes three leaves together, on a fmall footeflalke, on ■ach fide of them, fometimes one againft another, and other times keeping no order, each whereof is larger md longer then the former, and of agrayifir greene colour, with three veines orribbes in every one of them: ac he tops of the branches grow flowers,made for the forme like the other kinds, but 0 f a differing colour, for the :i japing mouth is ofa pale blew colour, and more yellow underneath, with a pale or blewifh, and lometimes ■ norc purplifh fpurre behind,the heads and feede are like the wild kinde; the roote is hard and white, bi"ger at 1 the head and Imall below with fome fibres thereat. ab 3 . Linaria Americana parvofiore . The yellow Flaxeweede of America.. ! This Indian kinde (hooteth forth divers (lender fmallreddilh flalkes, fpread into many branches, whereon | jrow on both Tides of them, yet without order, many darke greene leaves, much narrower but not much Ihor- ::er then the former, ending alfo in a (harpe point; the flowers 'grow ac the toppes of the flalkes, in the fame manner that the (common wilde kinde doth, and of a gold yellow colour, but (.much lefier then they. 4. Linaria JiveOfyrjs alba. Whiteflowred Flaxeweede. -Mi The white Flaxeweede rifeth up with many tough pliant -j?I| Halkes with long narrow leaves fet thereon, fomewha; like ^ tthofe of the common fort, atthetoppes whereof (land fundry I pale whitifh flowers refembling the ordinary kinde, butwitha f :|| wider and more open month: the leede is not unlike the other, . 5 S|! the rootes are white, long, thicke and great, abiding divers. iyearcs and not perifliing. 5. Linaria triphyllacarnlea Apula. The blew Flaxeweede of 1'faples. I This blew flaxeweede of hath at the Joynts of the Iwhite flalkes which are fometimes but one, and fometimes more, three leaves fet together, divided almoft like Rue leaves but greater, deeper cut in, and pointed at the ends, of a gray ifh greene or alh-colour ; the toppe of the flalkes are furnifhed with fuch like flowers, but fmafler and ofa blew colour whol¬ ly, except the mouth which is yellow, after which come finall roundheads, conteining large flat and blackilh feed, the roote is fmall and white. The Place. V’ The firft according to the title yon may know came from , Dalmatia, but from what place there, is not fignified. The fe- '' cond from Candy. The third from America. The fourth, in gar¬ dens : the laft from Naples, TheTime, ^ They doc all flower in the Sommer moneths,yet fome fooner or later then others, for thofe of America flowreth very late, and fcarfe give ripe feede any yeare. js The Names. It hath no Greeke name that I can finde mentioned by any ^ author, but in Latine iris called P feudo Linum, and Linaria, fb r therefemblarce that the leaves of the wildc common kinde have with Line or Flaxe, and Vrirnti, and Vrinaria from the effects. Some have called it Efula «Mter,na, tor the refemblance it hath with the little Efula ■ whereupon came this verfe, EfulalaBefcit Hve ■j Unarm crefctt Divers have taken It to be the Antirrhinum of P lmy i it may be O/yrj, both of Pliny, Diofce. rides, and whereunto m mod mens judgements it doth in many things agree; and fome as t Matthlolus faith, woujd make Belvtdere to be Ofyris, which is called by fome Herba fluchoforum the Schollers herbe hut becaufe they make their Ofyru to have foure or five leaves onely on the flalkes, and that they fave for broimes to (weepe withall; forthe Greeke word as fome copies have it is falfe,) doth as well ligmhe/wpw broomes as Cofmetica, fuch things as beautifie the skin,! cannot fee well how it fliould agree there- rniro: the Itahans and Spaniards call it Unaria.the French Lin Sauvaec, the Germanes Lin kraut,Horn kraut, and F.achs kraut. The Dutch mltVlas. In Englifh we call it Wildcflaxe, Todeflaxe.and Flaxeweede. Bauhinus in „ y° dr ° mM maketh mention of the third.but calleth it lumfelfe in his P rodromm and Pmax Linaria DtifoLa tri. f'7 ut ref irreth the fecond tothc Cretica Latifoliaof (fluflus. The fourth is called Ofyru alba by LA el m his Dutch Hcrbalh The lafl Fabim Cobtmna mentioned. } y in 457 Lilian it ei ache anouJUfoUsf Vprighc and narrow leafed Flaxe weedes. I. Lina'iavulgarisnojlras. Our common wilde Flaxeweede. £”\Vr common Flaxeweede that groweth wild in all countries ofthis Land as well as beyond Sea, is fo well . , nownenntoallthatareneverfolittle converfant in herbes, that it were almofl needelefie to deferibe it v tvers flalkes, full fraught with long and narrow, blew or afhcoloured leaves; and from the middle of Swmnl U ^tnaw ft t r m fl W 1 r ha " m . nber of Pal'yeUowflowers, ofa ftrong unpleafant fenr, with deeper ■ uthes, «nd blakilb flat.feedes in round heads, the roote is fomewhat wooddy and white, efpccially ibot.t, ?nd3Sto^^ yfibre% abidi ^ man 5' > Xarcs ' “S f ^ th =very way round Rr 2. Lharin Tkeatrum 'Botanicum T R I B E 4, 4158 Chap.21. 2. Li*iaria c Pannonica major. The great Flaxeweede of Hungary, This is in many things like the former, but that the leaves are larger and the flowers greater and fewer then it and of a pale yellow colour, but a deeper yellow in the mouth, with fome hairinelfe therein. 3. Linaria Cretica anguJUfolia, The narrow leafed Flaxeweede 0 iCandy. This Flaxeweedeof Ctutdj, hath at the three lower joynts of the (lalkes, which are many, and of a footeand ahalfe high, foitre long leaves a peece, but narrower by thehalfe then the former, but at the reft of the joyntsi they (land without order, growing ftill fmaller as they rife higher upon the (lalkes, which are much divided towards the toppes, whereon ftandfuch likeflowers as the former, but fmallerand of a whitilh a(h colour, the fpurre behind them being of the fame colour, the feede and feed vcffels are not unlike the former, butquickly fall away, even while the plant remaineth greene, 4. Linaria Hijpanica tertiaClufij. Clujiut his third Spanifh Flaxeweede. The third Spanifti Flaxeweede of Clufius (heweth from the roote many imall (lalkes, about a foote high or more, whereon grow vet y plentifully many narrow leaves, of a grayilh or a(h colour, and at the toppes of them (lore of fmall flowers, that are of a whitilh colour on the ontfide, and more purplilh inwardly,about the ga¬ ping mow h, being of a more yellow colour, but yet pale alfo, the fpurre behinde being of a purplifh colour; the feede that followeth.whenit hath any, for itfcldomcbeareth, it like the other, but doth recompence that de¬ left, in that the roote peri(heth not, but abideth and encreafeth every yeare. 5. Linaria Caryopbyllata albicans. The fweete white Flaxeweede. This fweete Flaxeweede hath upright (lalkes fomewhat wooddy, wherein arc fet without order, divers nar¬ row and fomewhat long leaves, yet ftiorter thenthe common kinde, and of a pale greene colour ; the flowers (land not l'o thicke at the toppe of the (lalkes and branches, nor fully fo large, but are of a very pale yellow co¬ lour, almoft white, and in other of a pale blew and white mixt, w ith a yellow mouth, the feede is like the com¬ mon, and the roote perifheth not. 6 . Pfendo-linariarnontanaalba. Thebafe white Mountaine Flaxeweede. This bafe mountaine I laxeweede hath (lender ttrakedftalkes, with divers long and narrow leaves on them, both (lalkes and leaves of a yellowilh greene colour, diverfly fpread into branches, from the bottome to the top, bearing on every one ofthem, a fmall white flower, (landing on a fmall footeftalke, after which come darke grayifhflatfeede, in gfeenifh yellow round heads, butvery fmall. 7. Linaria tenmfolia Lugdunenfis. Todeflaxe with very narrow leaves! This Todeflaxe hath as narrow fmall leaves as any other fort, fet very thicke on the low round (lalkes, fel- dome above a foote high, ofabitteriftiauftere tafte, that one cannot well tell which hath the predominancy, the branched (lalkes have nothing fo many flowers on the toppes ofthem, nor fo elofely fet together, fomewhat reddifh while they are in the bud, but of a whitilh red when they are open; after which comtr.eth the feede which is fmall and flat, contained in fmall and long heads, the roote is blacke and lull of threds. I. Linaria vulgaru n ofiras. Our common wildc Todeflaxe; 2. Linaria Paftnonica major. The greater Flaxeweede of Hungary. 460 ^C.HAP. 21 . Tbeatrum \Botanicnm . RI BE 4. 8. Linaria minima eretta. The lcaft upright Todeflaxe. This Todeflaxe, being the leafl: of all the former, and bur that it doth not creepe, might elfehave beenefetin the next ranke; hath one fmall ftalke not above halfe a foote high, whereon grow very many lmall narrow blewifh greene leaves, like the common wilde kinde, and at the toppe many fmall pale yellow colour, with a fpot in the jaw or mouth; the feede is exceeding fmall blackifh and flat, the roote is lmall and perijTieth every yeare, riling againc from its owne fowing. 7 9> Linaria minor c-erulea retta, Small upright blew Plaxeweede. This fmall plant hath fundry fmall ftalkes, of very fmall fhort leaves fet one againft another, of the fame blew- lln greene colour with the la ft, from among which rife up two or three ftalkes, fcarfe halfe a foote high, bearing longer and narrower leaves thereon,with larger flowers then the lafl,and of a bicwilh colour; after which corrx■ lmall feede like the lalhthe roote is threddy and perifheth every yeare. The Place , Thefirftas I faidgroweth every where throughout the whole land, both in the way fides in medowes, as alfo by hedge fides, and upon the fides of banks and borders of fields: the fecond in many places in Germany and Hungary ; the third in Candy } the fourth in S paine 3 the fifth is not certainely knowne where : the fixf on the hils- ,n Saxony , as Iohannes Thahtu faith : the feaventh in barren dry and open places, the eight and the laft we know not whence their originall are, but came with divers other feedes that were fent us from beyond the Seas. The Time. Thefe flower in Sommer, and their feede is ripe ufually before Attgufl be path The Names. The firfl is called Linaria and Tfcudolimim by Brunfelf w ,Lonicerus and CDodomw ; of CMatthiolttt, Fufchiw ' Cordus , and Lobel, Ofyris . The fecond Camerarius menrioneth in his hortus Adcdicw : The third, Clufiws faith the feede came from Candy^ and grew in Iohn Boghelandhis Garden ; and is very probable to be both the Linaria tetraphylla of Column*, and the arvenjis c&rtilea of Bauhir.us. The fourth is Clujius his H/fpanica tertia. The fifth Camerariw in horto medico faith it was fo called in his time. The fixth is mentioned by Iohannes Th* lifts , in the defeription o£Harcyni*fylva, by the name of Linaria montana five fylveflrU , and as ‘Bauhir.us thinketh, is the Anonym 0 Linifolio of (lujins t and the Linaria adult erina of Tab ermont anus. The feaventh Lugdunenfis calleth Linaria tenttifolia , and BmhmiM Linaria capUlaceo folio. The eighth is called minima not having any other epi- thite. And the laft minor c&rulearetta. r • LinarU minim* repentes. The leafl: and creeping Flaxeweedesi T. T.maria Dutni/a FliCri/mir* TVi/- Tt-_ I- LwariapttmiU Hifpanictt. The dwarfe SpanishFlaxeweedes. T His dwarfe Todeflaxe ofSpaitie, fhooteth up many tender weakc branches, not able to [land upright, and rinng to be about an handbreadth or halfe a foote high, whereon grow many long and narrow leaves In it 11111:0 t ^ 1C c - ommon WI ^ C hind, as well for forme as colour, and fo are alfo the flowers at the toppes of the ftalkes, but letter by much; the heads and feed ate alfo like it, and the toote lmall and white, and creeping under ground. 2 - Linaria parva Hi/panica altera] Another fmall SpanifhFlaxeweede. This other fmall Spanifh Flaxeweedc hath divers weake (lender branches, with many fmall narrow leaves fet aboutthern,butfatterorthickerinhandling, and fomewhat lefler alfo then the laft, andofanafh colour; the toppes of the ftalkes are furniihed with a great many fmall flowers, of a paleblcwifhor aih colcur, withayel- lowipottn the month or gaping place, the feed and feede veffcls are fmall according to the proportion of the plant, theroote is fmall and white.and perifheth every yeare. TI,- c 3 CaariaHifpariicAAttopiirpureanpent. The creeping datkepurple Spanifh Flaxewcede. This Spanifh kmde alfo hath many weake trayling branches, whereon grow many fmall foft alh coloured leaves;at the toppes of theftalkes grow many flowers,fomewhat larger then the laft ,of a fad purple colour,almoft I. lima pmila Hiipmica. The dwarfe Spanijh Flaxewcede. blacky 7 he Theater of Thants, c HA P.22. 46 1 Tribe 4. btackifh, with pale yellow fpocsin the mouthes of them, of a pretry lweete fent,the lecdes androotes arealike perilhing every yeare. 4. Linciriacxrulea repens. The fmall blew creeping Flaxeweede, This fmall Flaxeweede fendeth from the roote, a nnmber of fmall vveake llalkes,leaning downs to che ground, (carle being able to Hand upright, fet without order, with many fmall and very narrow afhcoloured leaves up to the toppes, where they grow into divdrs other (mailer branches, havinga long head or lpikeof flowers, very fmall, and of a fine blcwiflx purple colour, with a yellow fpot in the mouth of them; the feedeis not unlike the former ; but the roote (hooteth forth many fibres, and abideth, not perilhing in the W inter. 5. Linaria qiifidrifolict Alpinct. The Mountaine blew Flaxeweede. This Mountaine Flaxeweede (hooteth forth his fmall weake llalkes, lying almoft upon the ground, diverfly di¬ vided into many fmailer branches, even from the bottomc : upon which arc fct fmall fhort whitilh "reene leaves, very orderly at the feverall joints, one above another, that is, atfomebur two leaves, at others three 4. L mnn cerulea repent. The fmall blew creeping Flaxeweede. . \ • #1 ?r il Urn ' ; «»rrc& ’ '-a- 4 ; | ■;#§ ill V .v:' ■ :: ! 1 \ • . ; r ;V.’V ’it'i: si'." „ ,;! | j-;V /’Mj 1 • ' i ; iu Tv‘\ 1 i'lffi sib- ••• r ft* ' 1) 1 tSiiii Hifel 462 ChaP.22„ ! Theatrum \Botanicum. T RI BE 4 or foure, not keeping alwayes proportion in the number, efpedally below, but rather upward . tbefWrTZ, Rand at the toppersot the branches, are in forme like the other, and fomewhat great, but (land not to thTcke In (lering together, being of a damtie purple blew colour, with a yellow foot in the month • tlphlr r , that follow, are fomewhat great having Uackilh flat leede within them i the roote is fmall'and white foreS divers wayes under ground, and perifheth not in the Winter w llce> ! P rcadl ng “erou,°d re ° f d alkCS ' 'r at d ° e TaZ d T' SbC ’ h t Ving many tw3n 3th cololl ' cd ,eaves > upon'them which are rounder and more fappy : thellalkes beare atthe toppes of them many yellow flowers with velXJr in them,but the leaft of all thefe in this third ranke: the leede is fmall and blacke, and the roote perifeeTh every ' The ‘Place. t 2 rh i r n r g ™r Ct r abol,t , 5" Other parts of Spain - it is not cer tamely knowne where : the fourth on the hills in CMoravia, as the lalf doth alfo; the fift proweth as weh inSi’ r “ as as among the Switzers and the hills in Rhetia. " W d S The Time. They doe all flower in Sommer, and give their feede quickly after. . . The Names. The nrll is the fift Spanijb kinde of Clupits, which Banhin%u calleth Ofyrii Rava fvlveftrl' onrl Tnl, iSThT : r: he d c ; nd is cbe ( f r th « ^ ° f a ^>- the «Sc is ClufiM his fecond Lmana of Moravia, as the lad is his firlt Moravia* kinde : the fift is called bv rlnlr- rm hnrtxca, by Gefner in hortit Germans, and in his Epiftles Linaria Alpina & Helvetica ■ L Talerm , '"t~ PMSff ^an^nfoUafuptna-. the lad is called by C,^ LtnanaZZ^ The Dertucs . All thefe forts are in fome degree, more orlefTe effetfuall, but the molt common kinde is the mod- n M „ voke urine,both when it is llopped.as alfo in thofe that are troubled with the dropfie to foend theabunH ^ thofe watery humours by urine , and by the drawing downe of much vrine doth in L» f 1 V abundance °f reines and uritory parts from graved or dones gathered therein : the deration of X h“ be^o'th ^ flowers m wine, taken and drunke doth fomewhat move the belly do wnewards openeth the ohdrnfli Tu* liver, and helpeth the yellow jaundife, expelleth poifon, provoketh womens r’mtfr, ^ ! ls ° f the birth and dead child: the diddled water of the herbe and flowers is cffefluall for oil rW , lvech fort h.the after- efpeciall being drunke with a dramme of the powder of the feedes or barke of themm “I andin [“tie Cinamon for certaine dayes together, is held to be a fingi,la, remedy f or , he ‘drof e Zfr^ 0 "’ ^ 3 humors: the juice of the herbe or the diddled water dropped into the eyes is a certain.™ f h f, 3nd flammation and redneffe in the eyes : the juice or water put into foulc ulcers whether Xv 1^ f ° r hcatC ’- 1”' bus with tents rowled therein, or the parts wafhed or inicfted rherpunYh W nether they be eancrous or fiftu- bottome, and healeth them npfafely: the fame juice or water alfo cletrfrrh the,n from tbe of deformity thereof, as lepry, morphew, feurffe, wheaks pimnfo or anv ortrV ^ of a11 ««* applied of it felfe, or ufed with fome powder oi'Lttpinet, ^ P ’ y ther fpotsandmaikes in the skinne, Chap. XXIf. HalicacAhmfive Alkttkengi. Winter Cherries. or fullengreene colour, at thej'oints, come forth the flowers fln | C n eNC - n y dentc< f about the edges, of a fad bottome than upwards to the height ofthe branches which arc ratherVm^l ' S °[ e ^ P i 3Ce a ' ld m ° re toward the fmall whitKh leaves with a circle of red or™ rvleafedTnorred ; , u tha ? t,le form£r > conapoied of five fruite that followeth is a fmall b “ttomcs of them : the red when it is full ripe, fmaller Ukewife than it, the berrie filling the skinned Hadder 0 ™”’^ 1111 ^^ and , nol: ving fo much void roomc in the bladder as the former t-pf r n u- ^‘ adc * er more than it, and not lea- corners, fomewhat crumpled abourtheZes anZlrhon h u b,,t ot kafe ’ havil ’? tome of them there dothappeareTvJ mt0 jet inthebot- purphfhthrcds in the middle, tipt with blackifh blew rbwes " ( £ ““o®' of every flower, with divers other rie. T r i b e 4. The Theater of Tlantes. Chap.22. 4 6 % rie, bat that theberrie hereof is larger than the other, not oncly filling the whole skinneor bladder, but often¬ times breaking it, and opening into foure parts, which when it is ripe, will be greene as well as the bladder; faving fbmetimes that part that hath the Sunne beames moft upon it will be of a darke greenifh purple colour 5 the whole plant is without tafte, ,yet yeelding forth at the !. Joints a certaine glutinous matter or juyee of a ftrong fent, like x- ». Mtcacahm vulgare & rirgwnfe. unto that of the Poma amoris , or Love apples : this perifheth Thc ul : dl,iai y * ind Vitgini » Winter Chcrry- y, every yegre in thefe colder climates, at t> e firft approach of \\ Winter; and whether it abideth in the naturall places, wee r. know not, nor to what phyficali life it is applied, or whether it ; be ufed to be eaten. The Tlace. Thefirft groweth by the hedge fides in moift and fliadowie |i place, but is with usonely as I thinke cherifhed in gardens: tf the fecond came to us from Virginia, and grew with Mr. 'I Tradefcant j the laft groweth in the Weft Indies , and was firft d brought into Spainc , and Italy , and from thence communicated rl firft to Camerariw as I thinke, ( for he firft fet it forth) an d af- d terwardstoothers. The Time. They flower not untill the middle or later end of July, and p the fruit is ripe about the end of Auguft, or t eginning of Sep- I . tember . The Names,' lofephwde Cafa bona, fent the laft fort from Florence to Ij Camerariw, and called it FJalicacabum, five Solanum Indicum • I fome others have called it Arborcfcens , and Solanum vcficarium 1 Indicnm -,1 have added thereunto re El it to diftinguifli it from the l Virginian Winter Cherrie: but the ordinary kind, is one of the foure forts of Solana or Nighrfliades,fet forth and fpoken of by Dio/corides and Galeji, and one of the two of Theophrafius called Solanum Halicacabum j andby Pliny Veficarium ■ either of the bladder wherein the berrie groweth, or of the vertues, againft the difeafes of the bladder and ftonc. Of the Arabians Alka- kengiy which name the Apothecaries doe retaine to this day in their fhops. Brunfe/fius calleth it his Saxifraga quart a terming it rubra. The Vertues. Neither the Virginian nor Indian kindearc knowne to be ufedto helpe any griefe or difeafe. But our ordinary Winter Cherries are of great ufe, the leaves being cooling and may be ufed in all inflammations but not opening, as the berries or fruit are, which by opening theuritorie parts, and drawing downe the urine, provoke it to be avoi' ded plentifully when it is flopped, or when it groweth hot, flaarpe and painefull in the paflage : and is good alfo to expdl the ftone and gravell out of the reines, kidnies, and bladder,helping to difl'olve the ftone, and avoiding ic by greetc or gravell, fent forth in the urine: it helpeth much alfo to clenfe inward impoftumes.or ulcers in the reines or bladder, or in thofe that avoid a bloudie or foule urine. It helpeth the jaundife alfo, by opening the paflages of the gall and liver, and expelling it by urine. The diftilled water of the fruit, or the leaves together with them, or the berries greene or drie, diftilled with a little milke, is effer renean hils -Clufm faith, he found the third upon forne dony hils, beyond L^berne in ‘Portugal!, neare the river Teem, and the lad there likewile and on Mount Baldw as ‘Pena faith. The Time. They doe all flower about the end of Z«w, and in My, yet the the fame manner, worketh the fame effeft: fome copies ai r Dwfcorides have this, it is called Panacea, becaufe it helpeth all difeafes and fetes, where there is inflammation or bruifes canfing it; it helpeth the Strangury or tiiffin<’by droppes, if it beiniefted, as alfo the (lone: the decoftion or juice ofthe roote, or a dramme in powder thereof drunke, and the wound wafhed therewith, taketh away all the paine and danger of thebmngs. or flingings of venemous creatures; it helpeth to (harpen the eyefight, if it be fteeped m water and dropped into them: Calen in 7 .Jimp, fheweth that it hath contrary qualities in tc.and therefore worketh contrary effefts, the (harpe tafteihewiug an hot quality, wherebyit provoketh womens courfes, &c. and the allrtngent a cold groffe earthly quality, glueing or fodering the lippes of wounds and flaying the (pitting of blood; and by all the qualities joyned together, helpeth ruptures, crampes, and the difeafes of the Lungs-, the (harpeneffe procu¬ ring evacuation, and the aftriftion, the ftrengthning ofthe parts : the whole p ant as well herbe, as roote, is very availeable in all forts of wounds, or ulcers, to dry, foder, clenfe, and heale them, and therefore is a prin¬ cipal! ingredient, or fb.ould be in all vulnerary drinkes and injections. Chap 1 468 Chap.2, Theatrum Botamcum . RIBE, Chap. II. lncea % Knapweede. isrs3£ra;s£:f l ’jr , ;“‘''*. multitude, each may be the beccer’underfloodiS™|“£°"” dcd> ' Vllh 3 Ucee non Lacmiau, Knapweedes with whole leaves. Ordo primus, The firft rankc or order. IK'H nigra vulgaris. Our common Matfellon or Knapweede. T He common Knapweede hath many long and fomewhat broad darke o r e ene -r r fomewhat deepcly dented about the edges, and fometimes a little ren“ or torne ’ i ?u S ,-f r0m the roote ; three places, and fomewhat hairy withall, among which rileth up a Krone round n n b ? fidcS ’ “ tWo or [ high, divided into many fmall branches; at the toppes whereof Hand meaficaW tt i, T' °n 6ve lom : middle ofthemthrud forth, a number of darke purpliih red thrums orthr.eds ('and 8 !^,'^^’ ? d from t,le ; rarely) which after they are withered and pad,there is found divers blacke feed ( e Ivi, i ^^ but fomewhat like unco Thidle feed, butfmaller, theroote is white.hardand g • a § reatdca ^ le ofdowne, , thereunto, which periiheth not but abideth with leaves thereon all the Winter, and footing ouTf'cth’''™'* JO,. 3 ' ^‘■“’•waanguftifo/ia. Narrowleafed Knapweede. This Knapweede hath a round rough grecnedalke, aboucafoote and a halfi- hint, ,„r, fide, narrow rough, ihort and fomewhat hoary greene leaves, compaflW it at rhe’h,^ e ° n a j e f" on each home other branches above, on each whereof dandeth a fcaly whitiihgreene head' ourn/fh anci , , d . lvldcd into rife many fmall long threds, like unto the former, butfmaller, and of a paleredd’lft, ,?* the ™ ddle whereof lowethfmallblackefeede like the other: the roote is blackiih and parted in^ton ^ \ V,lich f °>- alfo there is one, whofedalkeand leaves are longer, fmooth, and ad hoary fofeand woollv^' ° f ‘ llIS fort ?• lacea nigra humiliu The fmaller dwarfe Knapweede Thu low Knapweede hath fmall weake and round hoary flalkes, abowafootehigh bendinetorh payu'earu. ^“^hoalaUfolia.Uloficapin. ' § The commonnild Knapweede. woro capite. 1 he greater hairy Leaded Knapwei de. with The Theater of Tlants. Chap.2. Tk ibe.^i ). rich leaves thereon, of an inch in breadth, and two in length, potdivided or dented about the edges at all, bud sin 0- a little rough and hoary, as it were thereabouts, comparing the (hikes at the bottome; at the toppes ) ^hereof (land fuch like fcaly heads, as in the others, with purpliflt thredsor thrummes riling thereout, as in '.bereft. . . . 4. Iaceamontana Aujlriaca major. The greater ihountaine Hungarian Knapweede. j; This greater mountaine Knapweede, is very like unto the former common wilde kinde, being fomewhac byroad and long, dented about the edges, and rough and hairy alio, and of a darke greene colour; but thofe that trow upon the ft raked ftalkes, are ftill up higher fmaller, and more cut in on the edges: the heads that iland at ij j ie toppes of the ftalkes, are not rough or hairy, but fmooth and fcaly, crackling if they be lightly touched,brow- aifti upward and whitifh lower:the flowers confift of many purple whitifti leaves,cut in the ends into five flits or lilivifions, like as thofe of the Cyatm, with many purplifh long threds in the middle, and a purple ftile in the : fniddle ofthem, befprinkledatthehead,withamealely whicenfefle: the feedethat followethis like unto the [bther, but Come what larger: the roote alfo is blackifh and ftringy like the former,and abideth as the reft doe. 5. lace a montana Aujlriaca minor. The Idler mountaine Hungarian Knapweede. j The lefler Hungarian kinde is in moll things like the laft, but that it groweth lower, and the leaves and ftalkes are nothing fo hairy and rough,but fmooth and hoary j the flowers alfo are of a paler purple colour, and the I (cede is not blacke, but of a whitifti gray or afh colour. 6 lacea AnFlriaca latifolia viltofo capite. The greater hairy headed Knapweepe. ■This greater hairy headed Knapweede, hath many long and broad leaves, larger than any of the former, fofter and whiter alfo, fomewhat, but not much dented about the edges, of a ccrtaine clammy , or gummy tafle. To. TbaLm faith it hath both fliarpenefle in tafte,aud tenuitie of parts, fo that he makethit hot anddrie in the fecond degree, not without much bitcernefle; from among which rife up divers cornered or ftraked ftalkes, about two I Toote high,branched forth at the toppes, whereon (land ufually three or foure heads elefe together, and fome times but one; whofe feales end in fuch fmall whitifti crooked tangling threds, that they feeme like a net, caft over the heads, out of which dart purple flowers like the fife, but larger: the feede is not blacke but gray ifh like the laft. 7. TaCea angdjlfolia Aujlriaca flore alho. The White flowred Knapweede of Aujlrta, This other Knapweede differed! not from the laft in any thing, but in the flower which is wholly white, and the feede a little grayer. 8. laced angujlifolia Aujlriaca villofo capita. T he lefler hairy headed Knapweede. This lefler kinde diflereth not from the fixth, onely in that it is lower, and the leaves narrower, the hcades are netted like it but hairy withall; the flowers are purple, and the feede blacke, and not gray like it. The Place, The firft groweth with us in mod ficldes and medowes, an^ about their borders and hedges, and in many waft groundes aUo,almoft every whcre-lhe fecond groweth about Mompeliar and Padoa alfo: the third in AuJFria neare unto Saint Hippolim• all the reft on the hills in Hungary and Aujlria, and in the pafture grounds upon them. 1 Tht Tame. They all flower in lime and July, and in Augujl fometinjes: the feede is ripe foone after. • The Names. The ancient Greeke or Latine Authors, have not mentioned this kinde of herbe in any of their Writings, as farre as can hitherto be imagine d, and therefore wanteth a Greeke name, whereby it may be called: this latter age like wile, hath fcarfe found a fit name, whereby to call it, yet all doe agree it is a kinde of Scabious,z nd there¬ fore Tragus inakkth it his fourth kinde of Scabions. Gefner in hortis Cjcrmaniz, taketh it for a kinde 0/great Cen- tory of the Medow, and further thinketh it to be that plant, that Scaliger calleth Gethya nigra, Thaliw in Harcy - niafylva , calleth it Cyanus fylvejlris angujlfolius : but generally it is called lacea, fie diclumnt Tern & Lobelius volant a lanthino-colore fiorum, and nigra, as a diftindlion, both from the lacea alba CWonJp. of Pena and Label , which they in their Adv erf aria call Ocimo ides,five OcimaTlrum ; and from the Panfic, which oflome is alfo called lacea, or Viola tricolor : fome alfo Would make it a kinde of Sube, Many likewife call it MatrefUlor, but very corruptly from Aphylanthes,ejuafdtpvhkos dubof as fome would call it, becaufe the flowers are without leaves, be¬ ing nothing in a manner but threds and thrummes.The firft is called Ifcca nigra of divers, and by Baahinus Lacea nigra pratenfir latifolia , and d oubteth whether it be not Solidago Sarajenica altera of Lonicerus : the fecond is cal¬ led by him alfo lacea nigra angujl folia,vel Lithojpermi arvenfis folijs: the third he calleth likewife lacea integr folia humilis. The fourth and fife Clufius firft made known to the world,as it is thought,and callcd.them lacea jquamma- to cap; te montana p'rima & feconda, or major & minor :zhe fixt C hi fins aifo calleth lacea Aujlriaca villofo capite ela- ti or.Thaliw in Harcynia fylva, calleth it Cy anils fyl veftrjt montanw integr if'olius ,& faith it mighfbe called Cynoglojfo - phyllos from the forme of the leaves. Bauhinus calleth it Jacca latifolia capite hirfuto ; the feventh Tauhinus faith, is a fpecies ofthe former, varying onely in the flower, and therefore calleth it lacea alba hirfuto capite, which lie laith Dr. Furerus of Northufa , fentuntohim by the name of lacea Aujlriaca major 'villofocapiteJlore albo : the laft Clufius calleth lacea montana villofo capite humilis, and Bauhinus lacea angujlifolia capite hirfuto; we call it in Lnglijh Bullweede, and Knapweede, as alfo Matfellon. The Vertues, .• This Knapweede being fo neare of kindred unto the Scabions, are in fome part equall to them in their proper¬ ties: for being of an aftvingent and drying tafle, it thereby helpeth to (lay fluxes, both of blond at the mouth, nofe, or other outward parts, and thofe veines that are inwardly broken, or inward wounds, as alfo the fluxes.of’ the belly and ofthe ftomacke, provoking cartings ; it ftaieth likewife the diftillations of thinne and fharpe hu¬ mours from the head, upon the ftomacke and lunges ; it is good alfo for thofethatare bruifed by any falls, bea¬ tings and other casualties : it is very profitable for them likewife that are burden, and have the rupture, by drinking the decoftion of the herbe and rootes in wine, and applying the fame outwardly to the place : it is An¬ gular good in all forts, of running and cankarous forts and fiflulous alfo, drying vp the moifture, and healing them up gently without any fliarpenefle or biting : it doth the like alfo in the running fores and fcabbes ofthe head or other parts; it is of efpeciali ufc for the forenefle of the throat,the fwdJings of the Vvula and /awes, it is S f alfo 5. Ucea mint ana N arbonenfu. The French mountaine Knapweede. This French Knapweede hath divers long leaves, very much divided on both fides, into other fmall lone and narrow ones, but they little or nothing againe divided, of a light greene colour on the npperfide, andhoary white underneath, and a little rough or hard withall, fomewhat tike unto the yellow Knapweede with prickly heades,among which rifeth up a round [talk,fomewhat rough alfo,about a foote high, without many branches,but bearing three or foure fcaly heads at the toppes, with each of them, a long narrow divided leafe at the foote with divers purple threds in the middle, fmelling fwcete; after which commeth the feede, not unlike the reft but lcfler: the roote is long and (lender and of a bitter talle. Tkeatnim Bctanicum. T R IB E 5 alfo excellent good, for all greene wounds, to ftay the bleeding and to dofe the lippes of thTwoundTtoge- Chap. III. laces: nonfpimfc LacinUte. Knapweedes with divided or tome leaves and without prickly heads, i. lace a nigra vulgar h Lociniata, The other common wilde Knapweede. r^^SHisothcrwild Knapweede that commonly groweth with us among cornevery much, as well as in thd 01 Meades,groweth with greater and taller ftalkes, the leaves both below and above upon them are muck divided on both fides, even to the middle ribbe, almoft like the great Scabious 0 f Matthiohls bnt ofd '* darke greene colour, and as rough or rougher, then the former firft or common kinde, the fcaly headesi on the toppes of the branches are greater, and the flowers larger, and of a deeper red colour; the feede is like the: other, and fo are the rootes, blackifh and hard with many fibres. * a. Iacea Crctica. The Knapweede of Candy. This Candy Knapweede hath many leaves lying on the ground, very much cut in on both fides of them unto- the middle ribbe, and each of thole againe cut into other fmaller peeces; from among which rife up crclled hard ftalkestwo foote high, whereon are let at fevc rail joints, lefler and Idle divided leaves than thofe below ■ thei toppe of the (hike is fevered into ftindry fmall branches, with every one of them, a fcaly head on them, thruftin® forth the flower compofed ofmany long', threds of a purplifh, and fometitnes of a white colohr, each of them much jagged at the ends, with a pale (file or poimell in the middle of them, which being pad, the feede lieth in the like downy matter, and is not unlike the former; the roote is thicke and fomewhat great, withfibres thereat. 4 - Iacea montana candidijfima. The hoary white mountaine Knapweede. This hoary white Knapweede, l'endeth forth, from a thicke wooddy roote, divers winged leaves lying upon 5. Jace.i montana N irbonenfis. The French mountaine Knapweede. 4- Iacea montana candiUffn a. The hoary while mountaine Knapweede. Tribe 5. The Theater of Tlantes. Chai 47 1 6. Tacea pumila Narbonenfir. Pineapple headed Knapwcede, the ground round about it, very much rent or tome onbothfides.into many fmall leaves, which are each of them deepely dented on the edges, lbme what like unto the leaves ofS tube or jagged Scabious-, all covered over,-with a hoary white cotten or wooll.or as it were fprinkted with flower or mealejfrom whence rifeth up a crefted whites hoary flalke,about a foot ora cubite high, fcarfe having any leaves thereon to the top,where it beareth only two or three fcaly heads like the others with purple threads riling out of the middle of themtthe feeders like the reft, 5. laceahumilis Hieract] folio. Low Knapwcede with tome leaves, I This fmall Knapwcede hath many fmall and narrow long leaves, unevenly cut in or gafhed on die edges, buE r. blunt or fomewhat round at the ends of every divifion, as at the point end alfo, from among which rife up i 1 weake flalkes, not able to (land upright, butleane downe tothe II ground, of about a foote high, with iome fmaller leaves on them; 11 and at the toppes fmall fcaly headcs, like unto the others, out of h which thrulleth the flower, very like unto the Cymnt or Corne- I flower,but ofa whitifliblew purple colour, fomewhat obfcurq Si or fullen, and fometimes white, the feedethat follov/eth is not I unlike the reft : the roote is thicke and long. 6 l.uca alia pumila Narbonenjit. The Pineapple headed Thiftle or Knapweede. ij , This fmall French plant groweth fometimes in the natural! |i places, without any ftalke, bearng his Cone or Pineapple-like II head, fo neare the ground, that fcarfe anypartof a flalkecanbe i feene under it, and fometimes, and in the fame grounds alfo, it n will beare a round hollow ftalke, of an handbreadth or two, ora j foote high,having divers leaves thereon, cut on both fides, into 1 many narrow fhort peeces, greene on the upperfide and hoary un- 1 derneath: at the toppe of the flalke flandeth only one large round ‘ and long great head, bigger than befeemeth the fmallneffe of the 1 plant, refembling a Cone or Pine apple, delicately fet with feales, 1 blackilh at the toppes,and forked or cut into two or three notches at the end,and bright (hining white fromthence to the bottome of them ; from the middle whereof rifeth up divers purple threds,as in the other forts, after which come fmall feeds wrapped in much down,as the reft are, and like unto the former fmall Knapweedes,' but blackilh: the roote is blackilh on the outfide, and whicifh within, of the bignetfe of ones little linger. 7 • lace a Lac ini at a alba. Jagged white Knapweede. , This white ICnapweede hath the ftalke fee with many ve¬ ry much j'agged leaves, from the bottome branching fort-h onallfides,withlefler 5 c lefl'e jagged leaves up to the tops, where on the feverall fmall flalkes Hand fuch like fcaly herds as the other before have, but with fine white threds- rifing out of them : the roote is long and threddy, and fpreadeth fomewhat under ground. 8 Iacea montana minima luted. Small yellow mountaine Knapweede.' This mountaine Knapweede, hath divers leaves next the roote, about three inches long, cut into many divilions on both (ides, and each of them againe into fmaller, but fome¬ what thicke and flefliie,fmooth alfo, but ending in a fharpe point .* fine Halite is fmall fcarfe a foote high,bearing a grea¬ ter fcaly head, then the fmallneffe of the plant fhould feeme to beare, with a gold-yellow flower in the middle, having many upright threds in the middle, and the out¬ ward leaves, lying downewards and compaffing them : after which core fmall [cede, wrapped in downe like o- thers, but fmaller: the roote is fomewhat thicke, hairy at the head, and parted into fibres. The Place. The firft, as I faid groweth in many places of this land, among corne as well as in other fields, efpecially about Co. vemn : the fecond groweth in Candy, from whence the feede being fent, hath fprung in divers parts : the third groweth upon the hills of Cajlrum novsim,nave Aiompelieri the fourth neare Capua in Italy ■, the fift about CMompelier alfo, in the borders of fields; the fixt there alfo, but a- mong the Ciftu, an d skarlet Oakes ; the feventh is found in fundry places ofour owne land • the laft, as FabimColnmna laith on the hills sy£cjuicoli\ n Naples. The Time. The firft five lores flower in Sommer,and their feede ripe- neth fhortly after, but the two laft flower not untill Sep. temper m their naturall places. 7. la ea Licivlataa'b- lagged white Knapweede. m I ®%/ Sf * Tbt Tbeatrwn Botanicum, 472 ,H A P.a Tr 1 B E,^, The Names. Divers would refcrre Tome one or other of thefe laced s, either going before or following after, unto Hyofci- rU or Hyofirls of Pliny, (qttafi Iovia Sernas Pena faith ) whereof he makcth mention in his 27. Booke, and 1 j t] Chapter, which he faith is like unto SerU or Intihum Endive, or Succory, but lefle and rough in handling, and; good for wounds; of which fliort defcription it is hard to determine that 7 'liny meant this plant, for if Hyofci»i risbfakMcotSuccory, or belonging to that Tribe, as the name aforelaid fhoird declare, this cannot be it, for. none of the Succoryes, orofthatftocke arc found available for wounds as thefeare. The firfl here fetdowne e is the lacea major of Lohel, the fixt Iacea of Clnjiw, which he calleth montana hirfuto capite, as Gamer ariw doth * and by Bauhinw Iacea. nigra laciniata . The fecond Clufiw calleth Iaceafquammato captte Cretica , and Bauhinw u lacea lacin at a fquammata. The third is called by Lohel,Iacea montana Narhoncnfis,by Tahermontanw lacea mufca-\ ta (Sr quinta, and by Bauhinw Iacea montane incana odora. The fourth is fo called by Bauhinw, as it is in the ti¬ tle, which he called both in his phytopinax, and in his C JMatthiolw Iacea montana Laciniata . The fifth is calledc by Lohel Iacea pumila humilis ferpens, arc. by Lugdunenjit Iacea humilis Hieratij folio • and by Bauhinw Iacea hu- rvilii alha Hieracij folio. The fixth is called by Lohel and Pena in their Adverfaria , lacea montana, and Carduua pinem Narhonenfittm, and thinke it alfo to be the Chamsleon non aculeatw of Theophraflw, and by Camerarias in r borto Iacea alia pumila five nana. It is very likely to be that Iacea, that Lugdunenjis calleth montana Acanop hor , or very like unto it ; and by Bauhinw Iacea montana incana capite pini. The feaventh is mentioned by Gerard on .. ly as I thinke.* The laft Fahitu Columna calleth Iacea montana minima tcnuifslia, but Bauhinw calleth it Iacea - laciniata late a . The Vertues. Thefirftofthefeefpecially, is cquall in property with any of the other Knapweedes, both for inward andl outward difeafes, and therefore whatfoever is faid of any of them, may be effectually found herein, the reft of! them that are fet downe in this Chapter, are in fome fort like unto it, although there is no certaine author, hath appropriated them in fuch manner as the former. Chap. IV. laces Laciniata capitalsffinofis. Thorny headed Knapweedes. 1. Iacea lutea capitailsJpinofis. Yellow Knapweede with prickly heads.' His yellow Knapwecdc hath a few leaves next the ground, much rent or tome on the edges into 1 many uneqnall parts, fome bigger and others letter, ofagrayifh or overworne grecne colour, and of a little acide or fower tafte, among which rifeth up a ftalke about two or three foote hioh branched forth into fome few, but not into very many branches, fet with fome fmaller and more divided leaves on them, and at the foote of the branches; the toppes of the branches and ftalkes are each of them fumifhed with a great fcaly head, fet round about with fmalf and fharpe white prickles, and out of the middle thereof many threds, ofa pale but fullen yellow colour, which abide inflower a good while, and when they are paft,the feede is wrapped in a deale of white flockye or downy matter, ofa whitifti or afti colour, the roote is long and white, and,as fweete almoft as the roo< e of Erin aw or Sea Holly, but creepeth very much and farre underground, fpringing up againe in divers places. This iifthe hotter Coun- tryes yeeldeth forth among the flowers, a fmallreddifbgraine like unto Gum Travacant. but l could never ob- lerveitinourland. ^ 2. lactxluteaftinofaApuh. The thorny headed Knapweed of Naples. J -a- ‘i y u ,- V ]' :;na P wt: .‘ :de i in moll things fo like the former yellow, that if it be not the fame, it differcth but little from it, which confifteth chiefly in there things, the roote is wooddy, as Col Km m who fo f “ 1C aaItcover< 7 with a rugged barke, whofc head hath many blackifh haires.as the ribbes and veines otthe Ialt yeares leaves, the firft leaves that fpring up are fmooth and whole, like unto a Docke, but thofe that follow a ter are divided into many parts, like unto Radilh leaves, but larger and fomewhat like nnto the great Century leaves: the crefted or firaked ftalke rifeth to be three foote high, fomewhat hairy as the latter leaves are, at the head whereof which divideth not it lelfe into above two or three branches, groweth on every one a kaly greene head, theedges and toppes ofwhofe kales are fomewhat cut in, and fet with fliarpe yellowifh thomes, and many yellowifti threds comming out of the heades; the feed that followeth is white and flat,lyin- in a purplifh downe. 1 ° 3. lace* pMrpure*f*pi„a capituli, sfmofis. The purple flowred Knapwecdc,with prickly heads. Tins purple knapweed tiayletli with his great long branches upon the ground, having whitifh filir.es or skins on each fide of them, extending to two or three yeards in length, branched forth againe into liindry other flems or ItaJkes whereon grow large and long leaves, much cut in on the fides, and ofa whitiih greene colour- at the ends of the branches, (land larger fcaly heads then the former, and greene, with crirelf fharpe thorne’s or prickesupon them, ready to pierce their legges that improvidentlypaffe by it, out of the middle whereof flart forth many purple threds, and in them after the flower is paft, frnall whitiih feede, little bigger then the feede of or the Bottles, of fome called the Come flower, the roote is very great, thicke,“white and flefliy, lpreading clivers great and long branches, but not creeping within the ground as the former doth. 4. UceamontmapurpHreaechmate capite. The purple mountaine thorny headed Knapweede. I his mowntaine Knapweede of tAaftria, hath divers foft narrow greene leaves, not hard or rough likethe common wilde forts, more cuun on the edges, and into lelfer parts, fomewhat like unto the leaves of Calcitra* p , or Car m, fiethtm : the ftalke that rifeth upabout two footehigh, being crefted or ftraked, is divided at the toppe into divers branches, fpreading in breadth more then in length, with many long fcaly heads, here and 5ffnr!r^ er J°ni’ thc j° PpeS °r c , nd . of w . hoft fcales end in fmal1 Pfitkes, but not fo long and (harpe as thofe of Ene fotefaid thiftle, and more forked or divided; the flowers whereofare purple threds, like thcothor Knap- wcedes; Tbe Theater of Tlants » Cha p. 4 . Tribe 5. vveedes; the roote tlirufteth downe deepe into the ground, like as chat Thiffle doth, with many fmainibres hanging thereat. J, lacea flore alio capite tangle acnleU Jpiiwfo. The white thorny headed Knapweed, This prickly Knapweede fendeth forth a rough hoary (hike, about two foote high, w hole firft leaves at the bottome are fet with thicke white foft haires, but the reft thac follow are lomewhat long, and two inches broad! thicke, rough, and deepely dented about the edges, and long alfo,cut into many peeces with white vcines i. JacealutcacapttulUfpwofit. Yellow Knapweede vyhIi prickly beads. t: ring through them, at the toppesofthe branches ftand the g heads, made of many fcales, fharpe up to the topper like n, unto a Pineapple, the ends of whofe fcales are long, u ftraight, fharpe yellowifh thorne$ T and tie edges of them, :i fet with white haires like briftles; from the middle of the head ftarteth up many long whitifh leaves, divided or cut in at the ends: the feede is like to that of the Spanifh Saffron, but greater then the ordinary: the roote is white and brittle, eafie to be broken, made of many firings or thicke fibres, foulding one within another, yet covered (I with a brownifh skinne or barke. 6, lacea /acini at a Sonchi folio. Thorny Knapweede with SouthifUe leaves. The leaves that firft fhoote forth of this Knapweede, E are very variable, forfomeof them are round, Handing a upon long footcftalkes, others afterwards are more and ^ more gafhed on the edges, and thofe efpecially upon 3 the branches, much more divided, and are fo hard and ri- j gid, that if they be a little bowed or foulded together, i they willbreake withanoyfeor crackc, the Halke for the moft part is round, and Handeth in part upright, but be¬ ing Ioaden with heads, bendeth downe to the ground, divided into fundry branches, and fet with fcaly heads, whofe points being grecne at the firfi, are purplifh after- wards, and on every of them feaven fmall thornes, fet together on the one fide, fomewhat like an halfe ftarre, the middle one being the largefi and the longefi;the flower after a long time fheweth it felfe, to confift of many long and hollow threds, of an excellent purple colour, whofe toppes are broad and parted into fome dents, the bottome being very fmall, narrow and whitifh, the broad cut open endsof the flowers are of the deepeft purple or red colour, the feed is fmall gray and long, like untothofeof the Cya~ km, or the blew Bottle; the roote is long and threddy,co- vered with a brownifh skinne or barke, and very brittle withall, this doth fomewhat refemble the lacea marina Hatica following. 7, lacea wont ana incana Laciniata capitnlis bifpi^is. Hoary mountaine Knapweede. This fmall Knapweede hath a round hoary ftalke, halfe a foote high, with many hoary, rough, or prickly narrow and long leaves,fomewhat torntonthe edges at the foote or bottome thereof, but thofe that rife lip with the ftalke, are deeper cur in, and the ends fharpe and prickly, at the toppe whereof, which isfometime divided, ftandeth a fmall head, compofed of prickly fcales, whofe ends are crooked threds; the flower is purple like the common fort, but much leffer, the roote reddifh and threddy. 2. lacea tomentofocapitulo Jpinofo, The woolly white Knapweede. This woolly Knapweede, hath a white woolly ftalke, fcarfe a foote high, but divided into branches from the very bottome, having fhort and nan ow leaves thereon, cut or divided into three, or five or feaven parts, or peeces, lomewhat round pointed, fo white and woolly, that it fee- methasif it were all ftrowed over vvithmeale, the fmall heades at the toppes of the branches are compofed of many fcales, ending in fharpe reddifh thornes; what flower it bore was not obferved. p. lacea marine Batica. The Spanifh Sea Knapweede. This Spanifh Knapweede hath many long narrow leaves, unevenly dented or waved on the edges, thicke flefhy and brittle, with a little hairineffe, and of an overwornc darke greene colour, among which rife low weake ftalkes with fuch like leaves as grow below but fmaller, bearing at the toppe but very few flowers, of a bright reddifh purple colour, like in forme unto the Come flowers, but much larger, with many threds or thrummes in the middle, of the fame colour, Handing up higher then any of the former, which rifeth out of a icaly great head, fet all over with fmall fharpe fbut harmeleffe) white prickes many growing together; the feedes are blackifh like the Knapweedes but larger: the roote is great and thicke growing downe deepe, flefhy and fail of a Qimy juice cafie to be broken, blackifh without, whitifh within and enduring long. S f 3 1 o a lace a 9 lace* marina BaticacapituLm. ■ The head of ihe Spanilh Sea Knapweede. 474 ,HAP. 5 » Theatrum ‘Botanicum. Tribe 5 Jo. lace*Habjlonictt. The great prickly Knapweedeof Babylon. Becaufe we cannot yet give you a full defcription of this plant, take for the prefent, fo much thereof as hath come to our knowledge; for a leafeortwoonely being fent, teemed upon the vie w thereof, likeunto a leafe f the Acmthmm, the W hitc-way, or Cottcn Thiltle, being about a footc and a halfe long, and more than an hand' breadth broad, m the middle thereof; fomewhat hoary and rough in handling, compaffed all about the edZ with (mill fharpc prickles, having at the bottome of the leafe foine torne peeces, on each fide thereof three nr foure inches long, which growing fmall to the point,ended in a pricke : the middle ribbe being fomewhat nrear , theref 1 ’ fr ° m whencemany vcines ranne the leafe. Thus much and no more, wcecan yet fay ; The Tlacc. Thefirftgrowcthinmany places about Salamanca in Spake, as Clufim faith, and about CWompelier as Lo L e , i iaith: the (econd in Naples as Column* faith : the the third in Spam alio not farre from the fca fide • the fourth r at the footc of rename mountames in Auftria and Stjria as Clufita faith i the fift in fome other parts o f Spam, ' the fixe by the lea fide rn Sp.nne, about Porta SanMaria, and Coles : the feventh on the mount Calcar bv Mom peher : the eightby Murenam Spaine : the ninth about Cales alfo: the lad about Babylon, as the name fbould in", tunate, but grew in the garden of Signiot Contarim, a C/anfftmo of Venice. The Time , thlfixth “the htdoT the Somnieri fome eJrIier ° r later than otherSj and t!,eir feede is ri PC accordingly, onely The Names , Clttfius calleth thc M Iacca lutcoflore five Cardans muricattu luteoflorc ; Lobeland others call it, laced lutea maior- yclmbKhoys and! Obfervarions ulcth but one figure, for Iacca lutea, which he faith is Cardui flellati variety andfor Cardnw fieUatui/euCatc,trap* a/fn-d.whereunto in the defcription he giveth purple flowers. LuodunerCu hath pkced this figure of Clufim, under the title of CardumEriocepha/ui Ddoonei. It is bv Tlodontm ended of ^ rhh* ** a tera * by. d^ohe,Cardans Stellatus cetpitn/is jpinofpsjeu Calcitrapa altera, as^ Al/.fij^K/faith^but I finde it doth better agree with my third iort here let downe, he calleth it lacea lutea capiteJhinofo : the fecoud Column* nr C 'T' r °' de \ faccalutcafpinofa cintauroides. the third is v«v ' ? be 4, e famC ' thlt talleih Li e*purpurea Valentina muncato capite and Baubinus Urea foils Scr.du car.aicantibus purpurea : but I have altered it in the title, his name not fully anfwering the deferrintionIn all things 1 1 the fourth Clufim calleth Iacea montana cchimto capite fDodomm Cyanoidesflos wbok Rome Claim taketh for his Suite Salatnanttca fecund, ■ Tauh.nm calleth it Iacca Cyanoides cLato capheT the fifth Bauil calleth Iacca captte longts acacs jp.nofo : the fixt he alfo calleth Iacca Lin, at* Sonchi foli/ m d a I laid is vervlZ unto the JaceamannaTUt ca, which is the ninth here : the feventh, eight and tenth!hav7 their mles as Sfi'^ n.l'l* Prodromusfetteth them downe: the ninth was fent among others by Woftcn before remembret- ’the lad is remembred onely by Tauhtnut in his Trodromm to come from Signior Contarim his garden. ' 6 The VcrtHcs. All theleKnapweedes are no doubt of the fame qualitie with the former, being binding and manv nfrfien, glutinous,efpecially the roote of the fixt and ninth which as they are of a very clammy iuice’and fubftance fo can they not be, but very confobdative, to knit and foder whatever needeth iuch properties * Chap. V. Serratula. Sawcwort.’ -^^r7!f r0n,e0t i 1e I herb u S ca " ed U "s’ b y Lobd and Pena, Tauh,nm and others, which I dare if T m T ood ° tn T ,m e hi' "? n ln Dly,l L d 8 emC, 7 worth y to beare that name, and therefore I thought ZTtl e P n£XC Un r° th u m ' u n fe , vera11 Clla P*rs as neared unto the Iacca. r, and then T i : , I . Serratula vulgari, flora purpurea. Common Sawwort with purple flowers This Sawwort nleth up with many ofhis firft leaves, fomewhat broads „ fharper dented and pointed, all of them fet upon long foote dalkcs • bur rhnt ^ r S T tbantllofe of Beton )’’ and and broader, and deepely cut in or galhed on thesesfoEmany^4tts and e ch lame manner; from among which fpring many brownifh dalkes y P w ith dinar P P fi f y dcnt 7 d f' 1(0 ,n the whereof are divided in the manner aforclaid, and fo the higher thWTtow n no T\ are unto the toppes, which are branched forth into many pfrts, bearingtealvh«^ IA lcffe dlvldcd ^ but nothing fo grear, round and hard, with divers purple Shreds or thrummes^n ^c mi^? Kna P weedes * ITorter : the feede is fmall and blacke like the Arced but lcffe lying in doTne which A dd Tf°n bDt the roote rsa bulh of many firings, which encreifeth into man/heads and fh’ h f h iBeddeth I a , nd , faIleth a way: “'“ffhem, whereby it quickly g’roweth to be f 1 * ofthofe: that is to fay, one iort that bringeth all his leaves, dented onely •bonrX ed make /° Ure d ' ll ' na >o ns m or gaflied : another fort, part hath them dented,that is, the firft leave and the^ft^r’ ^ n ° ne n T, CUt cut in or gaflied : a third that hath but one or two, of the firft or Ioweft leaves « hot 8 Ta Up ° n ; l,e u a,k l S * it is young, will have many of the Ioweft leaves wMe'^nd^ u"*’ ^ ba ' ' be T for , merl y defenbed, which while divided: but for the firft forr that ftiouldhw oil h » an ^ w ^ en j c g^oweth elder, will have many of them and if l, or any other body fhould, I^qe^nwAinke^^ouUbrfo every yeare? 6 ^' ^ C0U ^ d ncv cr find fuch a one, a, Serratula Tribe 5. The Theater of T[antes. Chap.6* 475 1. Serratulafiore alho. W hite flowred Sawcwort.- 1. Serratulavutga/u flare, pur par eo albo vclrubro 9 Common Sawewort with purple white or red flowers. This Sawwort is in all things like the former, for I.never could obferveany other diftinftion, i but onely that the flower, or the threds in the i midddle o£ the knappes are white, and the heads ill themfelves,and the (hikes, of a frelh greene co¬ in lour. This alfo as farre as I could learne or heare, is I wholly like the firft, and not Angularly to be ): found by that marke, that it fhould have all his s leaves divided, and none whole, as the fourth il fort, before fet downe is faid to be : the difte- I rence betweene them, chiefly confining in the II flower, which is of a deeper red colour, which li isnoteafily found, or in many places, and is often ■ miftaken for the other, The Place . The firft is molt common in the corners i of Fields and Wood-fides, both open and I fhadowed; but that with a white flower j groweth at the further end of Hamfieed wood, i neare unto a rill of water, running by the fide of i a cottage there; as alfo upon Water downe Forreft i in Snijcx, neare unto the path that leadeth from ! Fridgenmo Ivy Bridge , by a brooke fides; the I laftis feldome found, and not without good ob- The Time. They flower in the end of Sommer, and their feede ripeneth quickly after. The Names . It is moft generally now adayes called Serratnla a fo/ijs mimtim ferratte yet there be fome other herbes alfo^ called by this name, as Betony and (germander, butbecaufe eachofthem is knowne by a more proper name* this of Serratnla holdeth to this, and is given but a forma. Some doe thinke that it w as alfo called, ( efpecially by thofe of Cjermany and Italy ) SerratuU tinBoria or tinBorie, becaufe it was ufed by them in dying and fetting of a greene colour; for which purpofes they in former times, untill they had learned things of better refpeft, ufed it much; but I rather thinke it was called TinBoria, \by the miftaking of Tragm, his lies Thttoriw, in Fol, 2S1 . which he calleth Scharten kraut to be this; for his is the eABer Italorumpurfnrem, as by his figure under that title may well be perceived ; into which errour, Banhimw, as hee faith himfelfe, was milled by Thaliw, who did fo thinke ir to be, and called it m his Uarcyniafylva Ccntanroides, ant Centanrinm majus fylvejlre Germamcttm, untill he found his errour, and reclaimed it in his Pinax in the title of After Atticw c/rnlew, and SerratuU, I cannot finde any other Cjreeke, Arabian, Italian, Spam/h, French, german, or Low-T>utch name given it, than according to the Latine,as we in Englijb Sawewrot. And for other Latine name,7lWi'<« onely, as I before faid, accounted! it a kinde of great Centory, and Lonicerue Solidago Sarafenica, from theeffefts. TheVerutet. It is commended to be lingular good for fuch as are bruifed by any fall, and thereby have fome veine broken within them; or that are much bruifed by cruell blowes, and much beating, or othertvife much bruifed by ca- fualty, for it wonderfully ftayeth fuch bleeding, and eafeth the paine and foreneffe that commeth thereupon if fome of the greene or dryed leaves be boyled in white wine,or the powder of them be put into the faid wine and drunke. Icisnoleffeeffeftuall alfo, in all inward torments and paines, in the guts and bowels, if both leaves and rootes be boyled in wine and drunke. It is wonderfull good alfo for all wounds, whether they be frefh to confolidate and heale them, or being old and filthy fores, to clenfe and heale them alfo ; if the wine of the de- coffion of the herbe be often ufed to wafh them withall. It is alfo commended for burftings or ruptures, by often bathing the places,and applyingthe greene herbe and roote, as a plaifter outwardly; it is good alfo for the piles, orhemorrhoides, when they grow full of blood and are very painefull, after the applying of leeches, by fomenting the part,with the decoftion of the herbe in wine. 1 e hap. vi. Stabc. Silver Knapweede. 1 r i Mi; I; c iv5 jf t 1 ■ |l 47 6 Chap.6 . Theatrum Botanicum. 5.‘ : Tr !E £ into large peeces, but each of them let clofer together than the next, of a fad greene colour on the upperfide, ane fomewhat whitifli underneath, very hairy all over, as alfo the ftraight ftrong ftalkes, that rife up to be three 01 foure foote high or more, with divers luch like divided leaves on them as grow below, but much Iefler, and eve¬ ry one lharpeat the points, divided at the toppe into fundry branches, bearing upon long bare or naked flcnde» (hikes, and fomewhat long, (mail fcaly, fmooth,round,greene heads, but feeming more neatly contrived toge¬ ther, than any of the heads of the former Knapweedes: from the fmall toppes whereofrife many fine,purpli(h,ori crimfonthredsorthrummes, or of a colour bet weene both, (landing round together, fomewhat whiter at thd bottome of them, which fo (land in the flower neare a moneth before they fade; in the meane while, the (cede ripeneth in the heads, which is fmall, not much bigger than the Cyanui, and not fo great as the ordinary Kna-v weede: the roote is white,Iong and wooddy, when it is growne above two yearcs old, and then oftentimes pe -1 rilhcth in the Winter, elfe it abideth well, and will ufually flower and feede two Winters, if they be not cooi extreme, or they doe not (land too much upon the weather. 2. Stebe Salnmantica feciwda Ctfi his (econd Spanijb St£be. This^other -S ’vaniflj Stxbe of Clu[\w^ hath alfo many dividedhairy and fomewhat hoary leaves lyin<* on rhr ground, divided into feverall parts on both (ides, but more feparate one from another than the former • rhe Ita^es like wife are hairy and fometimes hoary alfo, yet (land not fo upright, but leaning downewards bv the' weakendic or them, divided into many branches, bearing at the toppes of them, fomewhat bigger fealv heaW " rrom whence (hoote fo’ th bigger flowers alfo than the former, whofe outward leaves, arc made like rhM> ^ the Cytfww or Corneflower, of'a faire purplifli red colour, with fuch like coloured threds or thrummes in rhe> ■ middle of them, as are in the former, with whicifliandyellowifhbottomes : the feede that followerl- is- Ill/p tU - former the to oce hereof is white and long, but laftethnot after lcede time. e ’ 3- Sube Salam/mticaargentea. The filver beaded Knapweede. This third Suit of f/ujim, hath liketvife many leaves riling from the roote, but they are much more and into (mailer parts than either of the formerbeing more hoary, or of awhiter greene colour than rhev ■ .1,,’ ! italkem the fame manner hoary, rifeth as high as the firft, with thinne cut or divided leaves upon them nL’np.f. i rbp P° fmaller and fmallcr up to the toppes, where it is much divided into branches, and bearing ' the ends of them, fcaly greene, but more white edged leaves,leemtng as if they werefilveredjout of which rnm» fmall purple flowers, like the reft but fmallcr, the leede hereof lying in thedownie heads as the others dne 6 S£t£SS aika ” h,i,ytoffCon thcm: the roote,s fomewhac ****"&£ : 4 . Sube rfuftriacaElatior, The greater St&bc of Austria.' This Sube of AuHria diffrrech neither in forme of leaves nor height in growing from the laft ; neither in the i. Stfbe Saltmnnlica privia Clufij. Clkfim hu fir ft 5 pgnijb St At. 1 . Stubc S a,'am antic a fecunda CluCti. Clafiiuhis fecond Spanijb St*be. * 478 Chap.6. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tri BE ^ dScc“ C " ^ fC3lyheadS ' Whkh “ f ^ » T .. 1-SuiteAnJlrUcnhnmitior. Theleffer Su 6 e 0 lA«/lria. growing, a„d“^ by ‘-"CTe of th , T . ■ y, 6 ' The leffer filver Stake with a white flower T .- , ; 7 - Sub'tUnurimefolio. Narrow leafed Suit of Candy. This fmall SuhoiCmdy hath divers long foft fat and narrow leaves lying next the ground, r f , . , the edges, but toofe that grow up with the (lender handfull l 0 n° (hikes not at all i-,,, 5 ,?” ,, ltc ' dentcd on Plantane leaves, and ate ofa ydlowifli grecnecolour i theto™«of ZZljJ’f? re ‘ e ” bl ' n S «>* Ribwort, huskes or heads, out of which grow yellow flowers and^fterthem fmall Irc fe'j f " n,flied with fmall Ion- the route is white and ofa fingers thickneffe. ™ fmaiI ‘° nS fcedc llkc unt0 ^ of &rfi *] T .; T , c , Z.SM'liwfiCr'tka. The Thorny Sube of Candy. This Tnornv Su&e ofCWy rifeth up at the firft, with fmall and long whitilli «rtene leaves ,, , , fmall Corne flower or Blewbottle, but thofe that follow, are much foneer and„ V ' keunt °the : leaves,even to the middlenbbe,but the P cecesarefomewhat round pointeduhe (lalkes rileno?!h^ h c fides ofthe • much branched, even from che very botcome into manv Hender lin!r W : henot high,but are very thorne; at feverall joynts of thefc branches come forth filch like, bnUeffe andYeffe d!vhedTe 7 ^ ding in a eaves come forth m divers places fmall (caly heads, with whiteflowersSfor h fl 1 and with the :i like unto thofe of the little Cjmm or Corne flower, to? neverlaidonen S of middle of them, continually: after which commeth the feede which is fmall and long . !hc whok plant of at,' m 0 [ clofed afhcolour, and hveth many yearesin the warmer countries. b ’ 10 C ^ ant ls 0 a § ra yifli, hoary or I _ 9 . Sn-befruticofa Utifolia Cretica . The broad leafed fkrnKh* c, ^ • This plant being found growing in Cmdy by Honoris Eellm, and the feedtthereof femb 1 ■ re re* b " c '!< kh .~fru t ex, as you have it fet dowre i Z bhere ? .,ethir , pleafc; for it partaketh of both forts, and yet ptOTerly'cannot: be (a^d to^bclnno? ^ ‘p ^ err f d w bich loever one whereof is as followeth. Itgrowethupwitha wooddy (femme for Come H'ft eit l ?’ 0 ^ t ^ ein;t ^ e defeription fpreadeth forth divers armes or branches, to the height oftwoeir tttfcwteitctnnan!-^ tbe 8 rou "d, an«fthen divers veryfaire and frefligreene leaves, very deliehtfull to behold hf>inr» I JP a ^ c, °und, whereon grow the leaves of the Applcttee, as Be, l !a faith, being vlry whfieTnfenea£ B ata 2 ff£“ n" S a ' ld br0ad ' ika ™to fome have compared them to the Quince-tree leaves, which are whLr on^ f r'J : , Which thercu Pon leavesjand fome a sAlpaaa, vnto the leaves of the Storax tree which are verv 1:1 ^ U1,cier(: de than the Appletrce but take which you will, the comparifon in part holdeth correfoonder r • (I ' tbok obtbc Qy in « tree; fhoote corth other fmall long and (lender ones, bearing very fparledlv the like k tbefear 7 ies or greater branches, toppes whereof come forth divers long fcaly heads, long^Cn anv tlf 7 °^ hem > but ltffer ! a t the fealesparted with white and pale red colour, divers fet together as ^L *f x . C l a ”?> and with loofer to be feene in the Sap^r.a, Sopewort; or Brufcwort; atdietoppeswhereof ftand’rhr fl' manner > as ic is forme unto the Cjarn s or Corneflowcr, but of a pale Orenge colour ■ wh.Vl, i,.^ d f flo fl ve , rs ’ ver >’ llke for th e contamem them fmall and long feede, fomewhat like Cummin i " eac ’ sa f t . erthe . fl owers are pad doe long after, not falling away : the roote is hard and wooddy like a (hrubben 0 " gcr ’ wb | cl1 abide m the heads very I o SArfo frmicoft a „ g „ftif„lU Cretica The narrow S” Ef e < or ^mbby tree. y This fhrubbe Stzic in his naturall place rifeth to be three or fourj mmke covered with a hoary rugged barke, the wood it felfe bein" verv hard % n 7 ' ooddy ^mnie or from whence it fpreadeth many branches on all (ides rugged alfo ar rbe' h „ & otar, ' vinfavourb tingbim;ed: toppes, fomewhat thicke fet with very long and narrow leaves X- fJl u uf a " d h °? ry - but fmoo “h a t the rather of Rofemary,but longer and more hoary all other-the «rcatcr arm "h a J.*'j eunt ° thofe of the Pi ne trceor with the like leaves on them but leffer and (hotter,and a? the?nds ofevery of them oneVakh 8 ^ r brancbcs . die whereof (hoote forth the flowers compofed of many purplifh blew K a fca J y head .from the mid- or a Sr.tfe for the manner.bnt larger than either of both: this^plant will f Pr d f ° r the colour, med into what forme you pleafe like unto other bullies, and will alfo be el' ^ r t0 becut and trim - the eaves alwayes upon it.efpecially in the warmer countries, yet will not n |S m’"’ a " d ab,d£ th wit h Without fome efpeciall defence: the roote is wooddy and (preadeth like a ftmbbe orTufl^ 1 "' 18 ' ° f ° Ur clim ^' The firft three forts grow in divers places of Sprint, but efiieciallv ahn„ec / them forth faith: the fourth and fifth in Auflria ,and othe^ Ef&^' . as C W U ! who &ff fet grow about thofe parts: the foure laft their titles teftifie to be in Candy. “ y ' tbe fixtls llke wife thoughc to They all doeflower in the Sommer Moneths of Iune and Inly ■ vet thofe j n o(A«guft or September, where if any earely froff take them thw wifar ftraLw' fl °"' er 3tCr> Cven in the cnd tall places, which are the warme countries, they continue many yeares S ' Waye!i, a ' t l lou gh in their natu- Alt-!, irj The 2'{ames t growing with the leaves, yet becaufe as Claftm faith, the learned PhifitkL'nfs ^ d be thornes and prickles former forts and efteeme of t h^ m fbecaufe the endToftheh kaTO^ere^^rpe^po'iiued^vhkh irffome part Tribe 5. 7 be Theater 0} 'Plants, C ha p. j 3 /sfjq part as they thought did anfwer the defcription of the S take of the ancients; as alfo becaute thole plants may in the judgement of many be referred to the kinde of S cabions ( but more truely I fuppol'e unto Iacea ) which of j molt Phifitions of thefe later ages, is therefore accounted, called, and ufed for Stake- which.notwithllanding is an error great and intolerable, in regard S cabions is a fmooth herbe, vvii hour any fhew of pricke or thorne there- , on which the true S take hath , lo it is no leffe erronious to transferre the vermes of Stake to the Scabious } for as o Diofcorides andGalen after him doe affirme,Ste£* hath fo drying and aftringcnt a quality,that it wil Hay any flux of j humours or bloud in the bowells or belly, as alfo thofe of wounds, which I thinke was never found in S cabions. it. But that I may informe you, ( which to fome may feeme doubtfull ) that Stake hath a prickly ftalke, which is i: neither extent in THofcorides novGalens Coppies : let me fhew you it out of 7 heophraftus in his fixt Booke and T firfl Chapter where he numbreth Phleos, which as he faith, was alfo called Stake, (and not Thloum, whereof hee \ fpeaketh in his fourth Booke and eleventh Chapter,among thofe plants, that grow in watery and irorifn places; >/: the likeneffc of which tw6 words, hath deceived many, miftafcing them to be one thing,) among thofe plants, il that have a leafebelides the thornes on their flalkes, which fentence Gaz,a (as 1 fa id before) tranfhteth, that it C hath befide the prickly leafe, another leafe alfo by it, for Theophraftm in the fifth Chapter of the faid fixth ■3 Booke, doth deny phleos , and Hippophaes to-have any prickly but a fmooth leafe, although in the third Chap~ & ter of the fame fixth Booke, he fee me th to fay, that Phleos,Tribulw, and Capparis have prickly leaves, be- [j fide the thorny flalkes, but both of them cannot be true. And herein Pliny hath fha me fully erred in con- : founding Theophraftm , making ph/eos and phleum to be one thing, and hath beenethe caufe of many o- {j timers errours alfo. Plutarch in the life of The feus about the beginning doth name Stake among the thorny [< plants, whofe words are thefe; Mcnalippi jilim loxm Ornito foetus deducenda in Cary am ColonU fit it joule /oxides | origincm traxerunt, quibus mos esh patruus, neque fpinis Afparagi, neque- Stakes igne era man fed honore & culm 8 pofeqin. In Englijh thus, Ioxus the fonne of Menahppm was joyned with Ornitus, to leade forth a colony to |! Caryaf rom whence the loxides have their originall, whofe Countries cuflome it is neither to burne the thornes U of Afparagus nor of Stake , but to give them honour and reverence: thus much Plutarch. z/£tiw alfo in bis third ( Booke and one and twentieth Chapter, remembreth Stake, faying that Epithymum, (or more truely Gladder) j groweth upon it. But now as I have fhewed you that the true Stake is a prickly or thorny plant, and chat there¬ fore neither Scabious nor this Stake is it.Let me here alfo fhew you what is the true Stake, which is indeedewor- [ thy the hearing,but that I referve it to a fitter place, that is among the thorny plants, where it is called PimpinelU sf ir.ofa , or Poterion, but I forbeare any farther to fpeake thereof in this place. The firfl of thefe here let downe, is called by fluf us Stake Salamantica prima, by Dodonaus AphyUanthes prim a, by Bauhinus Stake major folijs Ci~ ch iraceii mollibw lanuginofts. The fecond is called by C hi fits. Stakes Salamantica prima altera fpecies , by Lobe l Stabc arqcntea incana Aldroandi, by Glodonaus Aphyllanthes tertia, by Bauhinus Stake major folijs £rue a mo Hi but lanuginofts. The third is called by Clufus Stake Salamantica altera veltertia, by Lobcl Stake argentca Salamanti- ca minor , by Do don a us Aphyllantes quart a, by Bauhinus Stake calyculis argenteis . The fourth is called by Clufus , ! Stake Gallic a and Auftriac a elatior,by Bauhinus Stake major calyculis non (plendentibus. The fifth is called by Clufus , Stake Auflriaca humiljs , by Gefner in colie ft ione ftirpium , (entanrij majoris fpecies minor , and by Bauhinus Stake incana Cyano fimiliitenuifolia. The fixth is called by Taberm out anus and Gerard, Iacea flare alfro, and by Bauhinus Stake calyculis argenteis minor. The feaventh is called by Alpinus lib.de plantis exoticis as it is in the title. The eighth is called by Ton a in his Italian B nidus , Cyanns jpinofus Creticus ,and fo alfo by Alpinus in lib . de exo~ ticis plantis: Clufus in his Auftuarium, to the other Appendix to his hiftory of plants, calleth it Stake peregrind a and faith that Jacobus Plateau , who fent him a branch of the plant, with the figure thereof drawne, having ga¬ thered it in the Garden of the Duke of Arefchote, in Bellomonte , called it Stake jfinofa fruticans. The ninth I have joyned with thefe Stakes as I faid before, rather then with the Storax trees as Bauhinus doth, calling ic Trntex rot undo argentco folio Cyani flore • for Pona in the lame place above faid, calleth it, Cyanus fruticoftis Cre- ticus , and is the fame plant that Honorius Bellas , in his fecond Epiftleto Clufus , as he faith, could not Iearne by what name they of Candy called it, and therefore he onely called it Pulcherrimus feutex, I have as you fee, fee it^ndthelaftwith the Jaceds, being neareft in likenefle to them, in regard thefe have all Icaly heads, as the laceas have; which are not feene in any Scakions. The lafl Pona in the defcription of Mount Baidas fii A called Stake capitata Rofmarini folijs K but after in his ltdlian booke, he calleth it Chamapitys fruticofa Cretica Belli , and by them of Candy called id eft ftignumfat idtrn ,and by Bauhinus Iacea fruticans V inifolio, and is thought to be the Chamapeuce P lir.ij of Anguilara. The Spaniards as Clufus faith, call the firfl by the name C akefuela , id eft , capitulum a little head, and ufually make broomes thereof to lweepe their houfes,the learned Phifitionsthere as he faith, ufe the third fort inftead of Scabious for all the purpofes thereof. The Vertues. The mod of thefe forta 3 but efpecially the three firfl,do come fomewhat nigh unto the qualities of Scakionszni therefore I mud referreyou thereunto, to know both what remedies may be had from thefe plants, and in whac manner,and to what purpofe to be ufed Tor as S cabions fitteth the parts whercunto it is applyed,fo doe thefe alfo 0 C H A P. V I I. Ftarmicxnon vulgares. Vnufuall Sneefeworr, Have here I promifed before, brought to your knowledge thofe other plants, that comming ncereft uiitd the Iacea's and Stakes , and yet being none of them, were fitted to be entreated of in a Chapter peculiar by themfelves; for as I faid although Bauhinus doth put thefe two forts under the title of laced oleafolio, and reciteth their authors for them, who are chiefely Lobe l and Clufius, yet I cannot fiod&,by the fame authors, as well as by mine owne fight and knowledge, but that they are differing plants, from bath island Stabe, but I would not have you conceive, that any of thefe Ptarmicds is that,which growth wild with us. in divers places;for I meane to bring it into that Claflis that is fit for it,namely thatofhot, fharpe, and biting herbes^ the double kinde whereof, I have fet forth in my former booke. I. Ptarmica Tribe 5- The Theater of Tlantes. Chap.8. 483 4. Cjunm Bdtticmfkpinus, The Spmiji Come flower. This sptmifh kinde hath many fquare low bending or creeping ftalkes not (landing fo upright as the former, bsis 6. Cyanus minimus repent angu/tifoltus. The fmalleft Corne flower of Montpelier* branching out more diverfly, fo that one plant will take up a great deale of ground, the leaves are fomewhat broader,foftcr, and of a paler greene colour, then of the common. fmall kinde, but not much or deepely gafhed on the edges; the flowers (land in bigger heads alfo, and with foure or five leaves under each, of a light purple or blufh colour, after which come white feed like thereunto alfo, but not fo plentifully, yet wrapped in a more downy fubLlance, the roote groweth downe deepe and perifheth likewife every yeare as they doe. 5. Cyanw reports latifolius Lobelij'. ' Broad leafed French Come flower. This Cyanus that Label and Tena in their t Adverfaria have fet forth, whofe taftc is vefy bitter and unpleafant, hath divers weake hoary and trayling branches not (landing upright, about a foote and a halfe high, whereon grow divers hoary leaves, fomewhat long and narrow, and fomewhat like unto thofe of Lavander, but harder in handlings the top of the (lalke which is branched forth, grow feverall fcaly heads like unto the other Cyani, whofe flowers are like unto them, but of a fadder or deader purple colour, then in any of the other forts; the roote is about a fingers length. 6 . Cyanus repens anguflifolius Jive minimus , The fmallefl Come flower of Mompelier, This finalleft Come flower,hath like wife divers weake (len¬ der yet hard hoary and twigged (lalkes, whereon are fet divers fonaller leaves then the lad, but hoary in the fame manner ; at the toppes of the branched (lalkes,(land many fcaly heads,much leffer then any of the forts of Corne flowers; from whence grow fuch like flowers, but of a fadder or deader colour: the feedes are like the fmaller ordinary kindes, and the roote is fmall,long and wooddy. 7. Cyanus CreticwJpinofw, Prickly Corne flower of Candy'. The lower leaves of this Corne flower are jagged and very hoary, but thofe on the hoary branches of the ftalkes are leffe or not at all,they ending in long lharpe prickes or thornes with final! blufh-coloured flowers like the others forts but fmaller, the roote is long and fomewhat thTcke enduring manyyearcs: The P lace. & The firft groweth naturally upon fandy hill in Germany, but is ufually cherifhed elfewhere in Gardens; The fecond with blew flowers in many corne fieldes of our owne land and fome of the other colours alfo; The third as is (aid in Turkic, and thd fourth in Spaine, firft found and fent unto us by Doftor 'Bee!, who is now refident ac Lijbborne. The fifth growethunder the branches of the Sefeli pratenjis by Sella nova neereunto CWompelper, and the fixt thereabouts alfo, and by Cajlrum novum not farre from OVlompelier, as Pena and Label doe fet them downe in their Adverfaria ; the three laft and the other woolly fort in Candy, The Time, They flower and feede in the Sommer Moneths when the other doe. The Names. It is called War©- Cyanw, aflorU Cyaneovel caruleo colore. Inthelnfancy of Herbarifts, Tragus who knew not well what to call the firft, referred it to the Verbajca , and called it Verbajculum, but now it is generally cal¬ led hy all Herbarifts, Cyamu mayor - fome adde thereunto hortenjis, and others Montanw, yet Hermolaw taketh it to be Leucoium of Diofcoridcs, and Cstfalpintu to be a kinde of Strutbium , whereof Theophraftus maketh men¬ tion: Fabim Columna judgeth it to be that kinde of Papaver which Theophrafitu calleth Heracleum, and Lobel maketh a doubt whether it may not be accounted a fpccies of ChondrilU. The fecond fort that groweth in the Corne is called Flos Frumenii and Baptifecula or 'Blaptifecula, of the turning the edges of fickles,in cutting downs the Corne for Secula was taken for a Sickle in ancient time. The third was fent us out of Turkie, by the name of Ambreboi, which whether it be a Turkijb or Arabian name I know not, the Turlies themfelves as I heare, doe generally call it the Sultans flower andfodoe I, but that I adde odor at w for the fweete fent of the flower. 'The fourth was fent by Soc/under the name of Iacea Batica, but becaule I finde it better agreeing with Cyanus then Iacea; I have inferted ithere. The two next forts are called Cyanus fupinHS & repens by Lobel inbis Adverfaria. The Candy kindesarc mentioned by A/pinus in his Booke de exotich. The Vertues. The powder of the dryed leaves of the greater blew Bottle, or Come flower, is given with good fuccefle to thofe that by fome fall are much bruifed, and for them alfo if they have broken a veine inwardly, and voide much blood at the mouth, being taken either in the water of Plantaine, Horfetaile, or the greater Comfrey. . It is ac¬ counted a helpe or remedy againft the poyfon of the Scorpion and Phalanglum, and to refiff all other venomes and poyfons. And therefore Placemius affirmeth it to be excellent good in all peftilentiall feavers,and of itsowne power, to be powerfull againft the pi ague or peftilence, andall'other infedlious difeafes, either the feede or the leaves taken in Wine, The juice is lingular good to put into frefh or greene wounds.for it doth quickly foder T t a up 484 Chaf.c?, Tbeatrum Botanicum. T R I B E,sj, up the Uppesottnem together ; and , s no leffe effefluall alfo to heale all fuch ulcets and fores as happening mouth. The fame, nice alio dropped m to the eyes, taketh away the heate and inflammations in them : the diftil ied water of the herbe, hath the fame properties, and may be ufed for aU the effefls aforefaid. The leffer ht Bottle or Come flower is ufed generally by all our Phifitions and Apothecaries in the Head of the greater whZ it is not to be had,and is held to be in a manner as effefluall as the greater. b “ G h a P. IX. Scabiofa, Scabious, |Ow that we are come to’handle the varieties of the Scabioufes, they are fo many, that I know not well 5 how to marfhall them into any good method or order, yet that I may endeavour it the beft I can II \ p h: '? ke “ t0 ranke mto foure Orders; that is.firft, of fuch forts as grow in the Meddowes and 1 fl . Pallure grounds; next ofthofe: that grow in the Woods, and upon hills and high grounds; thirdly of. f h as bears a round or Globe-like head.and laftly.offuch as beare flowers more ftarre-like than others And’ver 1 nfth 1 ? m C OW, Ch °n sh e "deav-our, as ncare as I can to fet every one in their right order ■ yet fome ■ ofthem alfo may be thought as fit for another Order, as that wherein they are fet; which notwithftandin° take ■ forrnf e W t!' n t ^ ie / ame ™ ann y 1 gwe you them. And for the A/cr/w Diaboli, or Dwells bit, which is Another : for of Scabious, Ientend to ipeakethereof m a Chapter by it lelfe : yetlmuft leave out thofe three forts I have 1 n S aUfrprMtf', eh anjenfes, Thofe forts of Scabious that grow in Meddowes and plowed grounds. I. Scabiofavulgarisyratenjis , Thecommon field Scabious. and bare good middle, fomewhatflat at the toppe, (and not fo round Globe-like as the other, which fhaU be deferibed hereaf- 2. Scabiofa minor campc/hu. ' The leffcr field Scabious 4. Scabiofa Pamonica fore a!bo. White Hungarian Scabious. Tbe Theater of Tlants, Tribe 5. Scabiofafore alio. White flowed Scabious* CHAP.p. 48^ 6 . Scabiofa xfiivalh Clufij. Clupus his Sommer Scabious. ter) as the head with feede is likewifc; the roote is great,' white,- and thicke, growing downe deepe into thS ground, and abideth many yeares. 3, S cabiofa minor campcjhiS' The lefler field S cabio/ts. This lefler fort is like the former almoft in all things, but that the leaves are not fo large, or deepely jagged, nor the [hikes rife fo high,nor the flowers fo great or large, yet of the fame bleake blewifh colour: this may be thought to be the fame with the former, differing onely but in the rankeneffe of the ground where they grow, butthatthisisfoufnallyobfervedtobeno greater or of any other forme, although it grow in the fame or as ranke ground as the other. 3. Scabiofamajorfegetum. Corne Scabious. ThisCorneSe«fco«jalfo differeth little from the firft, but that it is greater in all refpeffs, the leaves being lar¬ ger with greater divifions, and fome whole leaves with them alfo •• the (hikes are greater and ilronger, and the flowers larger, more laid open, and notfo clofely thruft together, bntof the fame blewifh colour, yet a little more decliningto purple: the roote hereof runneth not deepe info the ground, but rather crcepeth under the upper cruft of the earth. <}'. Scabiofa Pamonica fore albe. White Scabious of Hungary. This great white Scabious of Hungary hath large (hikes, three foote high at the lead, whereon grow at every joint twoleaves one againft another, very mnch and finely cut in, and jagged on the edges, more than any of the former forts of Scabious, but tHofe that grow next the ground are broader, fofrer in handling, and more hairy, and onely dented about the edges and not divided, that one would not thinke them to be the leaves of a Scabious : the (hikes are branched and flowers like untoother Scabioufes, ftandat the toppes of them, but of a pure white colour, and the outermoft row of flowfrsforthe mofl part being twife as large as any of the reft, with white threds in the middle of them tipt with bjew : the feede that followeth is long and browne like, unto the reft,, which falling when it is ripe, fpringeth a frefh before the Winter,and abideth untill they have feeded againe the next yeare, for the roote periflieth yearely. 5. Scabiofa minima OvilladiBa. Small flitepcs Scabious, ' This fmall Scabious hath divers whitifh greene leaves at the ground divided on both fide of the long pointed leafe, onely into one divifion, on each fide, making every leafe feeme likethe.fmall Sage leafe, called Sage of V ertue, that hath fmall peeces of leaves like eares on each fide thereof; but a little dented about the ends; the fmall low (hikes are furnifhed likewife, with fuch like leaves but lefler, and fmall blewifh flow er or heads on them like unto the other field Scabious but lefler. G Scabiofa efiivalii Clufij. Clufiv.s his Summer Scabious. The (hike hereof being three cubits long beareth long leaves fet by couples thereon, which arc long and fome- Tt 3 what 486 Chap.^, 7 heatrum Botanicum. Tr 1 be 5 what broad andlMerent ortorneat'fhebottome.butdentedSthercft of the leafe the flowers grow on fe verall branches at the toppes of a pale blew colour,the roote perifheth every yeare. '7. RCdbialir. /jrhovp.'i C'rpf-irsi Afn'imn A/n.:.,, Ul. n 1 /■ — rr—* “ wu/u.,u.w 1 uulv every yeare. „ .. 7 - Scabiofa arboreaCrcticaAlpino. Alfimu his fhrubbie Swfowr of Candy This Sc«W hath a thickc wlntifli ftemme next the ground for afhaftmont high, from whence rife fund™ long branches fet at certa.ne diftances.with five, fixe, fcven or more leaves at a fpace, each of them fomewh™ re- fembhng thofe of the true Honfeleeke but hoary white ; the toppes of the branches have two or three laree flowers, handing on (lender long foote ftalkes together, like unto the common fort for the fafhion, bu of ad e . layed or wafh blufli colour, after which fucceedeth lmall feede, andis very tender to keeoe The Place. r ' The firft groweth molt ufually in moft Medowes of this Iand.efpecially about Lend™ every where The feennd groweth hke wfle ,n fome of the dr.e fields about this Citie, but not fo plentifully as the former The thirdIrow cth both in the grounds where corne is (landing, and in thofe that were formerly fowne and nim i3 g “t ord : rof t h fi l ke f ds H Tte the upper Hungai.e: the lift is found in many drie gravelly and heathy grounds throughout the Realm- fixt grew m the low countries as Cluflns faith of the (eede he had formerly fent thither ■ and the laft in Candy merne «me fi0WCr “ ^ ^ abidC fi ° Wri "S UnCiU itbe late in and the feede is ripe in the The Names . This herbe is not found to be remembred by any the ancient Greeke or Tatine Authors ■ yet fome fome think it is that herbe taEtm calleth but becaufe there is nothing but the bare name that is extant ■ i. ke any deicnptton, it his hard to fay it is the lame ; notwithftanding the Greeke word fipnifWh Vl" ■’ ^ hoUt Eut it tooke the name of Scabiofa, either a foliorum fcabritie cjtu pre(ertim, primo huic ceneri convert ' at ! ne ‘ and that moft ufually, w«r«»r : the name i sofdi versaonlie d ,/t r,;j i t ^ , • v mt - or rather, t hj < Stabes, and others, calling fome of th^i'scabio^rn^^f^rid^a/teiuif^u^mat^ca^tK^as^^f 3 to and others doe : but as I find before, the heads and flowers of all thefe herbes called S cabioufes b21 alf L**?*’ and like one unto another, and (o differing from lace.-., S take, &c mult needes The,,, ’ 7, g , 11 neare not be (o confounded for a novice (hall hardly underftand what herbe is meant,% fufh names asare1’mn ( SS Uld divers of them: the Author of the PandeEls, is thought to be the firft that 7 V 7 j a . e / mp0 , on Scabious, from whence the errour thereof foone fpread^amonn PhyRtionimM • ’°^ cor ] « Sr^c, to be this hardly to be rooted cut Tam facilis efl defeenfus in errorem * d- e centra W " n , eS ’, and contln uing ftijl i s Co/umna in his Phpobfmts! feemihto/eferie ZZZffnnfo Booke of rare plants, he decline* to thinke that fuchfmall Valerians as he there defcrL A V but lnh “ Qt her have holes in them,(hould be the Pbjtcuma of ‘Diofcoridcs The 7 flit-,- e„ a p i* b f caubc the feedes the Latine name S caih.fi, as each Dialeft will a dm A r 1? ^,and Enghfh, do all follow grinds kaaat. The firftiscaJledof S fecond is called Scabiofa media, and minor of divers and Columh l ™ pratwjis or ojjicimanm: the Hjftory Of Plants, 3aLn.es fet teth it downefor& tennd7’,T Ic e' V* 15 his fift Scaii °’" in W« tneth the fame Scabiofa prima C/ejSj for thtf 'her-h^* 1 If? tK J° Z^hofo, and yet he na- verall kindes, which'thing is very frequent tSS’' makmgthatone plant to betwofe- and OWatthio/tif ; the third is called Scabiofa campeflrU feu feJtvm nf rdf? anc JP aceSj ^ 1IS P imx , Prodrome fourth is called by Cb.fi*, Scabiofa PanJic/fflto The that Scabious, which we generally throughout the land dof* call fheenes Sr / 1 m » antS: the ^ is though much differing from his deferiptfon, which he cS!foS tTfrT, nnmma^ yet the figures of neither of them are anfwerable to the true her^l^r T™”* tion, and Bauhimts calleth Scabiofa fr tit leans latifoUa all . 1 a ■ « 6 ^ e ^ e *the fixt Clufivs only maketh men- in his Booke deplantU exoticisfi is very likely not to be the A 3 » ‘ S . tha ‘L wh, . ch , ^ , P m,s deferibeth and piflureth that his is fet forth to have but oneleafeataplac™ ^ Wlth m his Iu,>m ^ fo nb,in Scabiofe montane:. Mountaine and wood S cabioufes. T r I k Scabiofa won,am maxima. The greateft mountaine Scabious. 'His great mountaine Scabious, which fome for rhplirom , c , — kinde of great Centory, hath divers very lame winged darke "reen/le ’ bave “counted a great and baftard fides into divers parts to the middle ribbe, and ead, p«U nicked or dented l"' 15 T 7 b ° th (efpecially growing at large in any good ground ) being a foote or forncrime. d b ° U i 10 ^ dgcs > ™ an >’ Ieavcs iyneare there unto -from among which rife up divers hard wooddy ftalkes r‘ nor£ln length > °rmoftcommon- and ufually about three foote high, branching towa-ds the tonne ntn r f ° met “? eS °r five foote high, toppes of each whereof ftandeth one large great round blackifh mmJ SL A ) ? eothe 5 fmaller ftem ? ,es ! at iuch like flowers as the S cabioufes doe yeeld, with^ threds in the middlin' f , romwt ; ence f « h dwets buddc before it is blowen is more yellov/then when it is open t , “? e,n m the like ” anner > but cach feftion are of a pale yellowifh colour; in which heads when the flowers are nafTw" 11 ^ WblCh ^d a V tbe P er_ red feede, which beinaflApfi imrm»-lT«'orrvn ™4 „„r l . wcrs are P att ’grow lone rough darke colou- the old roote per,(herb not after feede time,but abideth many yeares! * “ yMre foll ° wlng > This Scabiofa Montana olabro folio. Mountaine Scabious with ftnooth leaves bearing many fhining grTene leavesfeny ‘Zil hoa°rv at all f b rm f r ’ ^hPf'^d r ab ° Ve 3 f ° 0te hi S h * ®SSSSSSB 63 Ss 3 £SSKS!S^^T?T^ , >f*® 5 ^**^®* 2 S!S 5 SSS! 5 S flower RIBE 5- The Theater ofPlantes. Ckap.^, 4 87 i. Scabiofamontam maxima. The greater moyntaine tcainom. . flower on the infide : the feede is like the other forts, and the roote is long blackifb, and long lading after feede time. 3. Scabiofa montana Dentis konis folio. Scabious with Dandelion leaves. [ This Scabious differeth little from other forts of Scabious , but in the leaves, which being fomewhat hairy and : 1 not finooth, broad at the bottome compafling the ftalkes, are fo divided on the edges, as a Dandelion leafe is* 1 the lower divifions of the leaves,being blunt at the points, fci and the uppermoft fharpe yet all dented about the edges: the ftalkes being hairy and about two foote high, are di¬ ll vided toward the toppes into branches, having two leaves at the joints, foj'oyned together like the leaves of the -Teafelljthat they will hold water: the flowers that grow I at the toppes are of a pale blewifti colour like the reft, 4, Scabiofa pro lifer a duarum Jpecierum. Many flowred Scabi ».roftwo forts. This kind of Scabious , that beareth many heads of fmall j flowers, compafling the greater, as is feene in Daifyes, i! Marigolds, and fome other herbes; is of two forts,one r that hath his leaves cut or divided into fome broader and U larger divifions than the other: the branches towards the c toppes where the flowers doe ft and are bare, or naked \ without leaves, fave under the very heads, where there i: ftand three or foure fmall leaves, very finely cut almoft as c fmaLlas Pennell: round about the middle heads of flowers r grow forth, other feverall fmall heads offlowers, all alike i both for colour and fafibion, which are like the ordinary l Scabious 1 thefe give feede like other forts, and perifli I after feede time,and either rife again of their own fowing, I or being gathered muft be new fowen. 5, Scabiofa argentca angusiifolia B Silver leafed Scabious. This Scabious from a hard wooddy living roote, fen- deth forth three or foure flalkes, with divers very long and narrow leaves, almoft like graflfe, but of a fine white filver like colour, fet without order thereon; the toppes of the ftalkes are not branched at all, but bare and naked for a good fpace, bearing one flower at the head of them s white and woolly underneath, but of a pale blew colour above, as other Scabioufes are, and confiding in the like manner of many flowers together. The Place. The firft groweth in many places on the Alpes y and in the fields neare unto divers-other mountaines and hills in Aft Iria and elfe where: the; fecond groweth Jon the like places, as on Snealben and Sneberg hills in Auflria^ &c. as Clujiut reporteth : the third upon Mount Calcar not farre from c Jktompelicr: the fourth with the broader leaves, is onely to be found in gardens, but that with finer leaves if it be not the fame with the former hath beene obferved to grow wilde, about the baths of our Lady neare Padoa % the laft was found upon the hill Snmanc neare Vicenza in Italy . The Time , They doe all flower at the time when the other forts doe. The Names. The firft is called by Label Scabiofa montana maxima ; by famerariut Scabiofa Alpina (fentauroides • by Lugdu- nenfis Centaurium nothum Dalechamptj ; Bauhinus calleth it Scabiofa Alpina folijs Centaur i) majoris: Bauhinus ma- keth the fecond to be the fift Scabious with Clufusin his hiftory of plants,as I faid before;& calleth it Scabiofa mon- tana glabra folijs Scabiofa vulgaris : the third is onely remembred by Bauhinus in his Pinax and Prodromw , under the title exprefled : the fourth is called both by Lobel and flufius Prolifera y and their kindc is that with the lar¬ ger leaves 5 the other fort Bauhinus faith, hath finer cut leaves like unto Gingidium or Vifnaga: the laft is remem- bred as well by Camerarius in horto medico^ by the name of Scabiofa grantine a folio argenteo fore purpureo, as by Bauhinus under the title exprefled. Scabiofa globofo fore. Globe flowred Scabious: r. Scabiofa Neapolitana folio SinapifylveBris. The Globe Scabious of Naples . T H is Scabious hath a ftraked ftalke a foote and a halfe high, divided from the bottome into long branches, ha¬ ving two long fmooth leaves divided to the middle ribbe on both fides, and each part divided alfo, fome¬ what like unto the leaves of wild Muftard, {landing at each j'oint, and together with them many fmall haires growing there likewife: the flowers that ftand fingly at the toppes of every ftalke, are of a middle .file, and very round at the head, whereof it tooke the name-Por the heads of the former forts are fomewhat flat at the toppes, and not fo round or globe fafhion as thefe in this ranke.and are of a reddifh colour,yet not fo deepe or darke red, as that which I fet forth in my former Booke, by the name Scabiofa rubra Indica, Red flowred Indian Scabious : which pertaineth to this order, but chat it is deferibed there, and the figure here; the feedes are fmall, like there¬ unto, and the rootes likewife perilhing after feeds time for the moft part. a, Scabiofa f V ifi; 1 '*; lit! j i H AP.C Theatrum Botanicum. 2 . S cabiofajlore albo gemino, Double flowred white Scabious. Igaveyou ill my former Booke, one fort of white flowred Scabious, which pertaineth to this order and i often found in the medowes and marflies neare the fea fide in our owne Land, and is not this I meane here r del'cribe unto you, but another differing both from it, and the other here before alio with white flowers bavin! filch like leaves but larger and broader then it; the (Hikes likewife grow higher and (Ironger, not leaning downer wards, and the flowers are larger than it; fometimes but one at the toppes of the branches, but mod ufually two Banding together, and fometimes three, of a faire pure white colour, and after they are part, the headswitl Ieede appea're more round and not flat, but rather a little cone fafhion, that is, tiling a little higher in the middlel the rootes hereof abide many yearcs. 3. Scabiofaglobalariafahjs ferratis. The Globe Scabious without leaves. This Globe Scabious is of a middle fifed flature, about a foote and halfe high,and a hath all the leaves that prow 1 both on the lower parts of thcllalkes, and at the foote of them, fomewhat long narrow and pointed at the ends} deepely dented at the lower ends of them, butnotmuchgafhedinon the edges like the other forts of Scabious.* but thofe thatgrow higheil neare unto the flowers, are much more and finer cut in -• the flowers that (land at thei toppes of the (lender (kikes, being divided into one or two parts, are very round and clofe fet together, of the 1 like pale blew colour as in other forts, or a little more purphfh like unto the flowers of Devills Bit; but about! Lovair.s as Lobcl faith, it is found with white flowers: the feede is fmall, but long and fomewhat rough like the other forts-the roote is fmalland long, not abiding after it hath given feede. 4 ScabiofaGlobularia BdlidUfolijs. Globe Scabrous with fmallDaifye leaves. This other Globe Scabious , (white I am fomewhat doutfull, whether to call a Daifye as Batthmus doth, or a I Scabious as Clirfim doth ) creepeth upon the ground, with trailing branches taking roote as they fpread, fet with f many fat thicke leaves, fmooth and greene, not dented at all on the edges, nor (mall or fharpe at the end, but blunt or round pointed, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the (mall garden Daifye, or Globu/aria, called blew, Daifyes, every one like unto them, being fmall and narrow at the lower end, andbroadeft toward the end: from! the ends of which trailing hranchearife (lender naked (Hikes, about halfe a foote high, bearing on each of! them a round ball or head greater than any of the Globularia , yet lefler than thofe of the field Scabious , fn][ 0 f 1 fmall flowers, of a more debpe purple colour than the S cabioufes : after which come fmall feede lefler than any of f the former. 5. Scabiofa tetusifo/iacapituboglobofo. Globe fiowred Scabious with thinne cut leaves. This finely cut Scabious , hath the lower leaves more finely cut in on the edges, than any of the former, but thole * on the (kikes which are many, two alwayes fet at a joint, are much more finely eut into fmaller parts than they I up to the to ppcs, where the flowers Hand in round heads, but of the fame purplifh blew pale colour that is in the : ordinary forts of Scabious. Scabiofa ruba lodes. The red Indian Siabioaa. 4. Scabiofa G olaUriaBcHiditfolijs. Globe Scabious with (mail Daifye leaver. , Scdbicfa The Theater of Plants. Fr iBE.5. Chap.O. $! Scabiofa tenuifolia glofofa. Globe flowred Station v?ith thinac cut leaves* 6, Scabiofa tenuifolia globofa eUtior. Another finall leafed Globe Ssabiovt. 6 Scabiofa teuuifolla altera elatlof. Another fmall leafed®lobe Scabious', This other rifeth'up more upright with thS Cngle (Tender ftalke having at the lower joint* two.or three fmail narrow leaves fet thereat, finely dented about the edges: bit : thofe at the h.gheft part of the (hike (land by, couples • the flowers are fmall and round but like in colour to the other forts. c ’ fke Tlacc and Time. The fir HBaubmm faith, Terr antes Imperatu, o( Naples fenrhim, but nameth not the naturall place; the fecond is not well knowne where it groweth wildest is noutfthed up in the gardensof thofe that are Herba- rifts and lovers of plants: the third groweth in Germany, m Harcyr.taljlva^TbaUm fa K h 1the: fourth, asCAr- Jj«r faith in rockie and ftony places, on the hills of Hungary and Auflna, asalfo in other untilled places there- abouts ■ the fift on divers hills in Germany ■ the laft we know not the ^natural! place, the feede comming among other forts from Italy, and flower all ot them atthe time with the reft. The Names, SaMnm onely remembreth the firft by the name of Scabiofa folic Clufim the fecond by the fame name in the title : the third is called by Lobel Scab, of* media ferrate anguft folio flore Globular,* ■ and by Thahw in Harcynia fjlva Scabiofa PellidU majorjt folio minor . and by Baukinw Scabtof * captulo globofo minor : the fourth is called bv ClnfiM, Scabiofa montana minor repent, five decima • and by Cameranus Scabiofa Montana repent £ by Tabermutan*l Scabiofa odorata : but Baublnus following none of them, cajleth it tins ( as thoueh it did frutefecre which is nothing (o) oecaufethe leaves are fome what like the fmall Dayfie, as I faid, and that the GMalaria Mdnfpelicnfium is reckoned as a Dayfie,and called "Belli, csruka, which is fome- what like unto it; but Clufius doth even account that Globular',*, to be Scabiofa pumdum genus. The fifth is cal¬ led by Thai, us in the place before remembred, Altera Scabiofa temifoli* fpectes. The laft being a fort not fet forth before hath his title fit for it. Scabiofa jlellato fore. Scabiou s with Starre like flowers. I. Scabiofa Hijj, attic* major. The greater Spanijh Scabious, T" His greater Spanifh Scabious hath large foft woolly leaves, much cut m on both edges,'like the leaves of F the freat field or Corne Scabious, each part alfo dented about the edges,the ftalkes rife to the heighth of two TOte, bearing fuch like leaves at the joynts, but fmaller up to the topper, where they branch forth into feve- ill fmall lprigges, bearing every one a head of many flowers, like the other Scabioufes ,but each ma nd ftiffer skinnes, of a whitilh colour, in whofe places after they are paft, the cuppes of huskes whereinthey :ood, doe appeare like blacke ftarres, with divers points, wherein the feede is contained, which is fomwmtt mg, thicke, andhairy, like the other forts: the roote is thicke.and white like the common kmde, but^perun :th every yeare, after it hath borne flower or feede. 49° Chap.9» Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 5 ’ • Scab ofa Hifpanica major. The greater Spanijb Scabious. i. ScabiofaHiJpanica minor. The letter Spanijb Scabiow. The leffer Spanijb Scabious is altogether like the former greater, but that it is leffer in every part ■ and that the leaves arc a little fmaller, or finclicr cat in, and the flowers not white as the former, but ofa biewiQi purple ; 3. Scabiofia arborea Cretica Pons, Pona his Shrubbe Scabiow of Candj . This Candy Scabious rifeth up with a wooddy (hike, from whence fpring divers hard and wooddy branches, white or hoary all over, as the leaves are alfo, which are thicke fet thereon, without any divifion or denting at the edges, being whole like unto the great Cyanw or blew Bottle: at the ends of the branches come forch lmall naked ftalkes, bearing a head of flowers, very like unto the former great Spanijb Scabious but of a pale rec’difh colour } the feede conteined in thofe ftarre like hushes, are fmaller, and fmell a little fwceter then other forts of Scabious doe; the roote is long and hard, divided into divers parts, abiding the Winter both in the naturall and other warme Countries, and holding his greene leaves alfo GaVica but is more tender, not able to endure the fliarpenefle of onr Camcrarij frofts and colds. Camerarius maketh mention of a Scabiofia which he calleth Galllca like hereunto, but that he faith it hath fmall long blackiih leaves, whereas this hath white and wool¬ ly, elfeit might be judged the fame. 4 Scabiofiafie licit a minima. Small Starre like Scabiow, This fmall Scabiow is very like the fmaller Spanifi, Scabious, having divers narrow leaves, about two inches long, much cut in and divided on the edges,''the ftalke is Icarce halfe a foot -- uiv ikaiivw JO naiu. uant d IUUC long, with fuch like leaves thereon, and fmall pale blewifh S’ n.v.w,,, llllrtu jmic UtCWim flowers as in the Spam/b kinde; thehuskes likewife have di¬ vers points, (landing open fpread like a ftarre, from the mid¬ dle whereof come forth five fmall long reddifh threds, like t haires (landing outofthehuske: the feede is fmall, but like’ the other ; the roote is fmall and perifheth every yeare. The Tlae. ' The two firfl: forts Clnfim faith he found in the borders of theVineyards, and in the paths of the fields about Salamanca in S paws, and in other places; the fmaller ofwhich Bauhinw faith he found upon the (hore neerc Venice . The third in Candy as Pona faith, who had it from Senior Contarini of VeniceJYht laft Bauhimi faith, groweth in Provence of Prance. TbcTimc , The two firft S/xtm/S kindes as alfo that of Candy, flower fomewbar rl,p« f . r cl, feidome give good feede with us, and therefore we are (fill to feeke new feede to fow. 1 "" f ° ^ th ' y The Names. The two firfl Clufius calleth Hifpanica. and fo doe all nrhrrs .t, , ^ / pereyrina■ mdBauhima calleth the firfl flellatalaciniatofolio major andtheoth^r’^ T ” 'w "1 Pona in his Mia,,?.,Mas, callerhby the fame name is in the titic 12/ r Z£j Scab,ofa peregrma- Tabermontanus Scabiofaperegrina fo/.jsnon d.lfeffl ’ j nluWmt c b } ® f ° Cafalphas Scabiofa arborefeens. The fall bLL, .nhtsTi^and Prodromus, and faith he accounteth it to differ from the leffer Spa^ Me, inX^notabte The Vert net. Now that I havedeferibed untoyott all the ComotScabious, whofe variari™, ,,„t ru l . ■ D in the leaves and flowers, being yet in tafte, not fo much differing the one frnm d ‘l j confifteth chiefly faculties are to be accounted alike, fo that the vertues in any one are nor fo .m;?'u ° h , er ’ l nd tl,ercfore the ‘5 to the generall, which are thefe ; Itbeinghotanddry, iso^fan ooenino 1 ,“L lar,b “ t . tll ? t . l:hc: !' II1 ^)' bcrefer f cd quality, whereby it is very effeftuall for all forts of coughs, fhortneffe Sarcarh"^ “"h a ‘j ce , nU r aCing ( . the bred and lunges, ripening and digefting cold fe«mf and o her ronlhT ’ d °j hcr dl / eaf f s , of coughing and fpitting. It ripeneth alfo all forts ofinward’ulcers and aooftumes T° U 7 ’ V ? yd r g , t ) 1Cm ( f °, rth cofttonofthe dry or greene herbe, bcin° made with wine be drunker,, me -’ > ea the plurcfie alfo, if the de- forth by the urine, as well as other waies f or if you tould have ,r more eftiS STS,"* " y voyd i n S , jt full of dryed Scabious, an ounce of Licoris feraped and cut into tLne fliks a Iren A - nd ' peeces, an ounce of Aniffeede, and as much of Fennelfcede bruiVed andha’lfean f n ™ mt ° cut into tbinne flices: let all thefe be fleened for a niahr im cr • 3 tC an ° unce or white Orns rootes boyling them the next day nntill a third oarthe rnnfnmrrt at water > forrathertn fomuch wine) herbe Tr i b e 5. T be Theater of ‘Plants* C ha p.io, 491 tetcldfo bruifed, andapplyed to any Carbuncle or Plague fore,is found certaine by good experience,to diffolve or breaUe it within the (pace of three houres: the lame inward and outward application, is very available a- eainft the biting or flinging of any venemous beaft: the fame decoftion alfo drunke, helpeththe paines and flic- ches in the Tides - the clecoftion of the rootes taken for forty dayes together, or the powder ol them, to the quantity of a dramme at a time, taken in whey, doth as Matthhlm faith, wonderfully helpe thofe that are -i troubled with dangerous running or fpreading Icabbes, tetters, orringwormes, yea although they proceed of jj the French pox.ashimfelfc faith,he hath found true by certaine exp:nence:the juice or the decodlion drunke.doth ,'i wonderfully helpe thofe that are broken out into fcabbes,and itches :and the juice alfo made up into an oyntment r, andufed is effeftuall for the fame purpofe. The fame alfo wonderfully helpeth all inward wounds, be they r made by thruft or ftroke, by the drying, clenfing,and healing quality therein. A Syruppe made ofthe juice and i: Su<->ar is very effecTuall to all the purpofes aforefaid, and fo is the diihlled water ofthe lierbeand flowersmadc > m due*time, efpecially to beufed when the greeneherbe is not in force to be taken ; the decc&ion ofthe herbe „ all d rootes outwardly applyed, doth wonderfully helpe all forts of hard or cold tumours, or fwellings in any q part ofthe body; and is alfo as effeftuall for any fhrunke Anew or veine in any place: the juice of Scabious m ade u up with the powder of Borax and Camphire, doth notably clenfe the skinne ofthe face or any other part of the j body, as freckles, pimples, and other fmall eruptions therein, yet it prevaileth alfo in greater deformities, as, j the Morphew, and Lepry ; the fame decoftion doth alfo helpe the rednefle, and fpots in the white of the eyes, 1 nfed either of it felfe, or with the juice of Fennell; the head wafted with the fame decoftion denfeth it from 1 dandraffe, feurfe, fcabbes, fores, itches, and the like, being ufed warme; tents alfo dipped in the juice or wa- I ter thereof, doth not onely hcale all greene wounds, but old foresand ulcers alfo, both by (laying their fretting 1 or running qualities, and clenfing and healing them up afterwards; the herbe alfobruiled and applyed to any place, wherein any fplinter, broken bone, arrow bead or other fuch like thing lyeth in the flelh, dothmftort time l'oofen it, and caufeth it to be ealily drawne forth. Chap. X. tSKorfesi Diaboli. Divclsbit. {HerereReth yet this kinde of Scabious to be entreated of, being of all Herbarifts accounted an elpeciall 1 different kinde thereof, yet fomereferre it to the Iacea's, but not properly; the former ages knew but one fort, we have in thefe times found out fome others, as they ftall prelently be ftewedyou, j. Jllorfus Diaboli vulgarisftorepurpurea, Common Devills bit. Devils bitrifeth up with around greene fmooth, and not hairy ftalke, two foote high or thereabouts, fet with divers long, and fomewhatnarrow,fmooth, darke greene leaves, fomewbat (nipt about the edges for the moll part, being elfe all whole, and not divided at all, or but very fcldome, even to the toppes of the branches, w hich yet are fmaller then thofe below, with one ribbe onely in the middle, and being broken yeeld not fuch threds as the Scabious doth; at the endof each branch llandeth a round head of many flowers, fet together in the fame manner, or more neatly or fuccinftly then the Scabious, and of a more blew ifh purple (but not darkered as Gerardfaith, for fuch I never faw any) colour, which being pafl,there followech leede like unto the Scab tom that fallcth away in the fame manner : the roote is fomewhat thicke; but Ihort and blackift with many llrings, fallned thereto, abiding alter feede time many yeares: Fabulous antiquity (the Monkes and Fryers as 1 fuppofe, being the firfl inventors of the Fable)faid,that the Devill envying the good that this herbe might do to mankinde, bit away part ofthe roote,and thereofeame the name Succifa, Devils bit which is fo groffe and fenfteffe a relation, that 1 merveile at the former times llupidity, to receive as true fuch a fiflion. Of this kinde fome doe make a greater and a Idler, which I thinkerather commeth from the place of growing, then from the nature of che plant. Vnto this plant in my opinionbelongeth the Scabiofarubra Auflriaca of Clufius, fet forth in my former booke; for the leaves thereof being all whole, and the flowers red, doe notably refemble this Devils bit, and may be a fpecies thereof, proper to Germany, esiuftria,&c. Batthinui maketh mention of one of this kind, that hath hai¬ ry leaves not differing in any thing elfe, and for his author nameth Gefnerm hortis Germanu , who as hce faith called it Morfus‘Diabolihirfutararior.,whid\ I cannotfindein Cjefner, but of the three forts of S cabiows, one of the Idler he calleth S cabra hirfutaque, having leaves without divifions, which whether he fhould meane this I know not: for he nameth it not Moefus Diaboli, therefore I leave it to time to declare the truth thereof. i. Morfus SDiaboli flare a/bo. Devilsbit with a white flower. This fort differeth not from the former in any other thing, then in the flower, which is of a pure white colour as fome other forts of the Scabioufes are, and that the greene leafe is not altogether offo darke a colour. 5. MorfusDiaboUflorecarnco. Devils bit with blufh coloured flowers. This other fort likewife differeth neither in roote ftalke or leafe, from the former, onely the flowers which are of an incarnate or blufh colour,maketh the difference from both the other. 4. Morfus Diabolialter flare ceruleo, Strange Devilsbit. This herbe which I place here for fome likeneffe, hath divers leaves rifing from the roote, every one fevera lly cn a long footeflalke fomewhat like unto Betony or Sage, dented about the edges, the ftalke rifeth up amongft them a foote or morehigh, bearing one large flower at the toppe,hanging downe the head and made all of blew- ifh threds. The Place. The firfl groweth as well in dry meddowes and fields as moift, in many places of this land, but the other two forts are more rare and hard to meete with, yet they are both found growing wild about Apple dare , neere Rye in 'Kent. The laft groweth in the fields that are on the mountaines beyond the Seas, ThcTime. They flower fomewhat later then the Scabioufes, as not ufually untill eiugufi. The ft! s m ° rf h B h hi h r 0th ’ and0thersaf “ rhim ' a F*- it to be Ntgina olplinj, whereofhe ma'-Tw •.- Ugh , tlt: t0 be the G ""»°fthe ancients- others take fcerbetbat , called 4™, «?> «*■ Chapter, in theft words. 5 The ofDufcmdcs. The M W] Spmiard,, andfWA arnffit V ™ rcferreth it to Tkmccmon each nation m their feverall dialed • or -lie the &-»,“»^ri^Tr* 3 ° ther natIons fol I° w the Latine name The HV C ' 0 j^ er tongues f°Howii!^it^o^ca!I it thcreafter^^Vncf^ caufcd the La- The lad is the fecond jtfhjttmtes of Bd'cchumpm. C ■ And we following the Germans Devils bit. and therefore is more powerftdhandTvaneable' ’ foralTth'’" “ b f h ° t i’ nd dry in the fccond de ? rcc compleate wardly or outwardly, as they are declared before 'r P “ w l’ e r e “ nt o S Mu, is appropriate.either in- eafes orfeavers, poifonsalfo, and the bitin-s of’venemow'h ft ^rh"^ P la S uc > and all peftilentiall dif- and drunke : the fame alfohelpeththofe that a 0 rein«rs^nn b c je S ’ thel F be °r roote being boyled in wine bruifes by outward beatings orothcrwife.diffolvinnthe^W^^ W) ’ or crl:(lied b y any cafualty, or on, or otherwifc.and the herbe or roote bf aten and ahhlved tted or congealed blood, and voyding it by excreti- that remame in theskinne after feme accident"'the a Way the blackeand blew marke is very effeftuall to helpe the inveterate tumour's an^dfivellinprnf^-? !r? r C ’ Y , ^ ere * n Pome Hony ofRofe^is put* come to npenefle, for it digefleth, clenfeth and conf^e^h ^ : Alm °. n ?* s and throate, which doe hardly tumours by often gargling tire mo^theJew th*“*«’• and taketh awayS frames of the matrix or mother, tobreakeand dift-nfi'e • j Y. • procure womens courfes, and to eafe all roote taken in drinke, driveth forththe a, ’ d „ - in the bowels, the powder of the all for greene wounds or old fores, as the Sm&w/m he °l ^ j ledwater of tbc herbe,is as effeffu- ly, from feurffe and fores, itches nimnl.s f M b ’ and clenfeth ‘hebody inwardly - and the head outward tfalittleWrrWbediffolved Sewi^ ’ CCk ‘ eS ’ morphcW ’ or other deformities'teeot b« efpeT IC^XTj . PUrntgo. Plantaine. P, r ke propet,y ho called, Ssh herpes much differing from them, which fhali he Cef / 0l | ( u S C ^ a P ter > hut divers other forts of and The Theater of 'Plants. fa is e.^. Chap.ii. 493 snd narrower leafed ones, I thinke it the beft method to feparate them, and fpeake of each of them and their i. ecies ap.irt, and not confound them together to avoidc miflaking.One of thefe Plantaihes are called Rofe Plan- kiine, which although I have let it forth in my former Booke, yet I thinke it fit here to expreffe it againe, and I le feverall formes and varieties therein. Plantagines latifolU. Broad leafed Plantaines, i. Plantago Utlfolia vuigarit. Common Waybredde or Plantaine. r T" His common Plantaine 1 here fet in the front of all the reft, becawfe I would ranke it with the reft of the A kinde, which is well knowne to all to beare many faire broad almoft round pointed leaves, with feaven libbcsor veinesin every of them tor the moft part, running all the length of the leafe, ofafadgreene colour on El he upper fide, and more yellow ifti greene underneath; among which rife up divers fmall (lender ftemmes or S:alkes, a foote high more or leffe, noteafie to breake, naked or bare of leaves unto thetoppes, where each ftal ke j earfcth a fmall long round blackilh greene fpike or fcaly head, whole bloomings or flowers; are fm-all whitifli Shreds with aglets hanging at rhe ends of them, almoft like unto the blooming of Corne, after which come ftrowne fmall feede, enclofed in the feverall fmall feales or skins 5 the roote is made of many white firings, ;ro w ing iomew hat deepe, and taking fo fall hold in the ground, that it is not ealie to pull it up. 2 . plant ago Latifolia maxima. The greateft Plantane. 1 his great Plantane is in all things Ike the former,but that it exceedeth it in greatnefle and height, for the leaves hat lie on the ground arc fixe inches, that is, halfe a foote long many times and more, and foure inches broad, and he ftalkes (uftaining every leafe, neare an handbreadth long : the naked (hikes that beare fpiked heads like the o- her, are two cubits high, and the head or lpikc a foote long,the roote hereof is blackifh and ftringy : Sometimes LacinksH, i his kinde is found to have leaves a foote long and halfe a foote broad, fomewhat tome on the edges, and having fgiijf. ome leaves under the (piked heads. 3 . Plant ago major mean a. Great hoary Plantaine. The hoary Plantaine is likewife like the firll, but that the leaves are very hoary white, efpecially in the hotter Countries ofSpaine, &c. much more then in thefe colder climates, and (omewhat fmall, it feldome beareth my fpiked heads in Spaine as Clnfiw faith, but when it doth, they arc fmaller then the firft, and the rootes are dackifhand ftingy. Iohanne,s Tbalim in Harcyniafylva mentioneth a lmaller kinde hereof, both in leaves and^ /W? ' ( ’ towers. 4. Plantago exotica finuofa, The ftrange crumpled Plantaine. T his ftrange Plantaine upon the firft yearesfowing of the feede, which was fent from beyond fea, rife tip but 1. Plantago latifolia vu garis. 2.3. Plantago maxima W fl os incana The greateft Common Waybredde or Plantaine. Plantaine and the flower of the great hoary Plantaine: With one great and large leafe, almoftafootelong, fouldcd as it were together, and wound about fplrefafh on into two parts at the further end thereof, which opening it felfe, yet remaining fomewhat hollow, w; much crumpled and wavedIon the edges; the further end (hewing fomewhat like unto a Plantaine leafe : bi the bottome ofthe leafe had on each fide thereof a large peece as it were tome from it, but yet growing to i winch were likewife crumpled and waved, and each of them (hewing the forme of a Plantaine leafe who! talte alfo was not unlike, fo that the whole leafe feemed, as if divers great large leaves were ioyned together t make one: this leafe periling the firlt yeare, there rofe up the next Spring divers leaves dole together,not foi med into one as the former, but as if divers leaves were joyned together, each bearing the Plantaine forme, bt lomewhat rounder a little crumpled and waved as the former was; theftalke rofe up in the middle ofthef leaves above a foote and a halfe high, bearing tbicke and Ihort fpiked flattifh heads and feeds therein, like tint the others; the roote is.compofedofa thicke round head, at the toppe with many long firings or fibres ifl'uin thence dovvne wards; thereby taking ftrong hold in the gronnd. S- Tlwago latifolia rofea multiformis. The broad leafed Plantaine of much variety. This kind of Rofe Plantaine is ofmany forts, yet all of them have large and fometimes hoary greene leave fpreai Tribe, 5, j The Theater of Plants, Chap. 11 49 1 ) fprcad on the ground either whole like the former great Plantane,or a little jagged toward the lower partiamonri which rife up fhort naked ftalkes.bcaring every oneat the top.either a broad round head made of manyfmall fihorc greene leaves in the tafhion of a Rofe, or a fpiked thicke long head made of many fhorter greene leaves bufhina thickebelow and fmaller upwards, and lometimcs one plant will have both thefe formes at once toother an d fome again out 0 f the middle of the Rofe will have anotherfbort fpike of green leaves rilingup; and others at the bottomeofthe Rofe or fpike, will have one or two other fmall tufts either round or long, One fort there is like- wife wh ,fe long fpiked heads, is parted into many and fundry feverall (parfed fpikes, and therefore called Spira lit : other varieties alfo are fometimes feene in fome of this kmde, as nature lifteth to produce them • the room i like unto the former. The Place, _ The firft: groweth every where, in fieldsand in the path way cs generally the fccond ab6ut Mompelier in Trance : the third in divers places of Spaine, where Clujius obfei ved it, and in fome other colder countries alfo the fourth came from Cajpar Pille'teritts 0 f LftTompeher to Dr. Label, and the feede fowen with Mr. lohn Nefmtt a 1 Scotufhman, chiefe Chyrurgion in his time to King lames ,where it'grew divers yeares-.the laft,although a ftranee I Plantane, yet naturally found in our owne country, and riling as it is likely from the third fort, and from thence : chcrilhed m gardens. The Time. They are all in their beauty about Tune, and the feede ripeneth fhorriy after. The Names. Ris called in Greeke i{tiy\cKm and df/oyraunu, Arnoglofum mA Arnogloffos a forma fc. agnina linixa ■ others call lt™Mevf@-mu/tinervia li ndM*vMt&feptwcrvia, either of the many , or o ! the feten ribbes or veines that are in every Ieafe > m Latine Tlamago ap/anta vocabulo : the Arabians callit LifenmA Lofan athameli the Italians Plantagme : the Spaniards L'hanten and T amchage : the Trench Plantain- the Germanes iVeverich’- the r Buth tYechbre: the Snglifb W aybredde.not W aybi ead, as divers corruptly call it, and Plantane; thefiri! is' cal¬ led generally of all Authors Plantago mejor,orlatifolia,or vulgaris. Trunfelfm mATraom call it Planuoo rubra becaule the feede thereof is redder than of others : the fecond Bauhinus calleth plantago maximama elatra • the third Clnjiu, ^calleth Plantago major incana , and Plantago Salmaticenfis, judging it to be Cynoglofim 0 ( Diof. corides. Which he faith bearetb neither [hike nor flower, as Clufim faith this doth very feldome in S paine but I doe not hold that a fufticient reafon, to judge it robe Cynoglopm, Fufchiut,Thdonam, Gefner and others call It Plantago media, and Oobel Plantago major incana, yet Tuner and Tabermontanut call it Flantaoo mnor-’thc fourth Label onely expreffed the firft leaves in his Appendix to the Adverfaria, by the title of P Untaio,mb ’/kata P ,la > and c mvol»taumfolm ; I have added the Spikes, and call it Plantago exotica[muofa.aa bed avre-lno r |,„- P to in my opinion : the latl Clttjm had the figure thereof from lames Garret an Apothecarie, fometimes : m Lyme. Tu f : . which he caufed robe taken from the living plant, growing in his garden neare London P/alt bv AMgatc, and thereupon called it Plantago peregnna Utifoha Garreti,anA Plantago latifolia exotica Bauhmtt callerh chat other with many lpikes ubcl caUcth pim ^°»*«•> Plantagims angujlifolia. Narrow leafed Flantaines. 1. Plantago ^uinquenervia major. The greater Ribbeworce Plantane. 'T - 'His greater Ribbewort Plantane bath divers narrow,longand hairy darke greene leaves lying on the ground; ,™ th hve v ?" es 0, ; r ‘ bbes , f « r mof l Pwt in every one of them, and pointed at the ends; amongwhich rile up many naked and ftriped ftalkes, fomewhat hairy, at the toppes whereof grow fudh like long and fpiked arke greene heads as in the firlt common Plantaine, and flowring in the fame manner, but greater and (horcer, li'kpX 1 f 1C fUCh Tg e / S ‘ n the former but £ reatcr and of 3 darkcr colour ; rke rootes are long,fibrous or (tringie like the former. This fometimes is found varyng m the heads, for fome will have two heads nponaftalke or one Head parted into two parts, or with two or more fpiked heads, growing at the bottome ofthe head. ‘ Z ' angujlifoUaTpfca ©- multiformit. Variable Rofe Ribbewort. 1 c " IS n n klantane > lact > ft 1 * like leaves as the former hath, that it is not, or very hard ro be knowne from it before the ftalkes with heads beginne to appeare, which when they are full ripe, drew themfelves in a varUble fprl R r’ 1 n ar S e ° r 0ng narrow Ieaves fcc together, fomewhat fparfedly, imitating a loofe or difper- p f ’ °- S cn Ir JS. fliorter greene leaves and more compaft and doled, making a more comely forme of a m?^i °T e i! m o S o' y m ld ?P en > and foretimes more clofe, and as it were halfe clofed, and fometimes out of the Zlrouf : p‘ rf e W ‘ f ,f r t ' V '° °; three or more (hort (lalkcs > beating each a fmall greene Rofe, and there- fnikestpr d fr 'r '’, made °f maiyfoial11 ieaves fet together in the fame manner, and iometimes many fhorc ProUftfi. fpkesfetclofetogethirinonehead, or feparateeach byitfelfe: this kinde beareth no feede that ever was ob- ferved, but is cncreafed by flipping or parting the roote, and fetting it againe. 3. Tlamagoangaflifo/iaminor. The leffer Ribwort Plantane. The fmaller Ribbewort Plantane, is in every part thereof like the firft fort, but that it groweth fmaller and lower,andthis onely maketh it ro differ from it. 5 a TI • c A- Tl.mtagoangufUfelia[errata. Spanijh Ribbewort with dented leaves. ' 7 , 4 S 7 ‘ a wor,: ! s , like c,le lcffcr fort > but fmaller,narrower and harder in handling, being dented about and [°.^ ar P e with all that they might feme to be prickles, which hath caufed fome to call pe^Tcd° / * , thefp,kedbeads Rand upon (lender ftalkes, about halfe a foote high, being fomewhat open or dif- 'Plantago anguftlfoliafruticans . Shrubbe Plantane. n Trf ?- ri T be j PIanta J5 e is in , all _ thin i s like the fmaller Ribbeworte, but that the leaves are whiter, and the -r.SarlfgwhidS^^ them, butIhortetandfof- V u a (5, plant go Tribe 5. TbeTbeater of'Plants, Chap.ii. 497 • 6 . Tlar.tago Apttla bulhofa. Bulbed Ribbe wort of Naples. . This Bulbed Ribbewore hath a long (mall and round head, for the, upper part of his roote, 1 ike unto a fmall iiBulbe orOnion, of the bigneffe of an Haffell Nut.or bigger, from whence flroote downe into theground, many hrhicke and blacke long fibres: from this head or bulbe lpring forth, many long and narrow leaves like the firft r< Ribwort, lying upon the ground,but that each of them are more hairy and dented.or cut on the edges into gaflies^ r;feparate a good diftance one from the other, fomewhat like unto Bucks home Plantane, from among which rife :rifp up (lender hairy round ftalkes, about a foote high, bearing fuch like fpiked heads, as the firft doth, with pale liyeilow bloomings, and fmallblackifh feede after them, 7, Plantago montana trinervia. Small mountaine Ribbewort Plantane, This fmall mountaine Rifebewort, hath divers very fmall and long hoary white leaves, having each of them.but 1 three ribbes or veines a peecetunning through them, whereof it tooke the name: the (hikes that rife among them tare fmall,and Rufh like,not much above a foot high, whereon (land finall thicke and fhort heads, with fmall (low¬ ers on them, made of fonre fmall ftiffc leaves, and fmall white threds hanging out of them, like the other forts of cPlantane, after which come fuch feede as is in the reft: the roote hath a lmall long necke, hairy above, and fee with pale long fibres underneath. 8 . Plant ago trinerviafolio angulliffimo, The fmalleft Ribbewort, This IcaftRibbewort hath fuch like leaves as the laft lying upon the ground, but they are neither fo white nor fo long, very narrow and fome longer, or (horter than others, all of them fmooth and without any haires upon, -or but a very little (hew ; the fmooth ftalkes are many that rife up amongft them, being of divers fifes, for fome rife not above fourc inches, others halfe a foote, ora foote, and fome a foote and a halfe high, whereon grow fmall and fomewhat long fpiked heads ,the rootes are many fmall white fibres, 9. PUntago angufiifolia faniculit lagopi. Hares foote Plantaine. This Plantane hath many long ribbed rough hairy leaves, very like unto the firft Ribbewort, but ending in a fmaller and fharper point, it fendeth forth a number of fmall round brownifh ftalkes of divers fifes or heights, fome being not above two or three inches high, and others halfe a hand breadth, or an hand breadth high at the molt; whereon (land fmall long reddifb heads, like unto the heads of Lagopw or Hares foote,fome being longer, and others fmaller and fhorter, hutallfoft with fmall reddifh flowers at them, and fmall threds hanging from them, as in the other forts, and fmall feede following : the roote is fomewhat long with many reddilh fibres growing there from. This fometimes is found (b fmall, that it fearfc ejtceedeth three fingers in height, being more hairy, and having fmaller and rounder heads. The Place. The firft without dents on the edges, and the third grow with us in divers Meddowes and fieldes, and by pathwayes: in gardens alfo it is found as a weede: the fecond is found wilde in divers places of this Kingdome, and brought and chcrilhed in gardens for the rarietie : the fourth and lift were brought us from Spaint by Guil¬ laume tfoc/often remembred both in this and my former Booke where he found them •• the fixth and feventh! f row in the Kingdome of Naples , Faints Columna having found themthere and fet them forth: the eight Ban-. irn.se faith, groweth with them about Baffin^ by the way fide and among rubbiih: the laft in the fields about Tfgmaufum. The Time. Thefe all flower and feede at the time, that the former doe, that is, in May, Imte, and Inly. The Names, This is called in Greekeyn['7vWp9- Pentanearos, that is. Quinquenervia ■ in I.atinc T lantago angufiifolia, and PUntago media & minor of/ome, and -Lanceolataond Lanceola-, in Italian Lancivola, in French Lanceola, in high Dutch Spitzer JBegericb, in low Dutch Hants ribbe, m Englijb Ribbewort, and Ribbewort Plantane. The firft is generally called either Plant ago anguflifolia major , or Vlantago Qttinqttenervia major of many, of FufchiuSj, Dodo-new , Gefner and others Plant ago minor; of Matthiolus and Lugdunenfis Plant ago longa : the fecond hath ma¬ ny titles to exprefle it, according to the formes 5 f the fpikes, as Viantagotorofa proiifera, rcfta,&c. the third is rernemhred by Thalitts in Harcyniafylva : the forth and fift Clufms maketh mention of in his Cn-a pojleriores, but the fame Guillaume brought the dried plants and fhewed them to me and others, before hee (hewed them to him ; and I had the feedes of them, as of many other things, which hee gathered moft part upon my charge, whereof many fprang and feeded, and in their places are remembred : others fprang but feeded not, and fo we have loft the kindes, which wee have not of many things gotten againe: the fixt Falius Columns, called Vlantago ApuL laciniata lulhofa , and Bauhinus Vlantago pilofa luilofo. j the feventh Columna alfo calleth Vlantago alteraminima trinervia montana incana, and Baubintts F last ago trinervia montana-. the eight Baal) inns calleth Plantago trinervia folio angufiijfimo : the laft he alfo calleth Plantago anguflifolia paniculii Lagopi. The Vertues. All thefe forts of Plantane both the greater and the leffer.both the broader and the narrower leafed, are of one propertie, that is, cold and drie in the fecond degree. I thought good to fpeake of their vertues in the end of all their deferiptions, to avoid prolixitie and tautologie in repeating the fame properties divers times. All the Plantanes, ( but fome hold the Ribbewort to be the ftronger and more effeftuall) have thefe properties hereaf¬ ter enfuing. The juiceofPlantanedepurateor clarified, anddrunke for divers dayes together, either of it fclfe, or in other drinkc, prevaileth wonderfully againft all torments and excoriations in the gats or bowells, helpeth the diftillations ofrheume from the head, and ftayeth all manner of fluxes in man or woman, even the feminine cciurfes alfo, when they come downe too abundantly: it is good to flay the fpitting of bloud, and all ether blee¬ dings at the mouth,by having a veine broken in the ftomacke.and that maketh bloudy or foule water by any ulcer in the veines or bladder, as alfo to (lay the too free bleeding of wounds j it is held alfo an efpeciall remedy, for thofe that are troubled withthePtifickeorConfumptionof the lungs,or have ulcers in their lungs.or have coughs that come of heate: the decod-ion or powder of the rootes or feede, is much more binding,, for all the purpofes aforefaid than the herbe is. Diofcorides faith, that if three rootes be boiled in wine and taken, it helpeth the tertian ague, and foure rootes the cjuartane ; but I hold the number to be fabulous, yet the decoftion of divers of them, may be effeftuall; but Tragus holdeth that the diftilled water thereof drunke before the fit is more proper- " ' ' Y u 3 the V 498 ChaP«I2j Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tri B E (I {■ [> 1 1 I > r«j. j the feede made into powder, and mixed with the yolke of an egge, and feme whcate flower macfe into a caki and baked, either in an oven, or betweene a couple of tyles heated for the purpofe, this cake prepared every da! frelb and eaten warme for fome few dayes together, doth mightily flay any fluxe of the ftomacke, when thi tneate pafleth away indigefted, and ftayeth likewife the vomitings of the (lomacke: the herbe, but efpecially hi feede which is o( more fubtile parts, is likewife held to be profitable againft the dropfie, the falling fickneffe ycl low jaundife, and the oppilations or ftoppings of the liver or reines: the rootes of Plantane and Pellitorv oi beaten to powder and put into hollow teeth, taketh away the paines in them : the clarified h lice, or thd diltilled water but efpecially that ofRibbewort, dropped into the eyes cooleth the inflammations in them and certamely cureth the pmne and webbe in the eye, and dropped into the eares, eafeth the paines therein, and hel- peth and refloreth the hearing: the fame alfo is very profitably applied, with juice of Houfleeke againft all in (laminations and eruptions m the skinne, and againft burnings or fealdirgs by fire or water; the /nice or the dL coblion made either of it felfe, or with other things conducing thereunto, is alotion of much ufe and good effeftfi for old or hollow ulcers that are hard to be cured, for cancres and fores in the mouth, or privie parts of man or woman, and hclpeth alfo the paines or the hemorrhoides or piles,and the fundament: the/nice mixed with oylel of Roles and the temples and forehead annomted hterewith, eafeth the paines of the head proceeding from heate i and helpeth franticke and lunaticke perfons very much, as alfo the bitings of Serpents, or a madde Dogge- the' tame alfo is profitably applied to all hot gouts in the feete or hands,efpecially in the beginning, to coole the heate • and repreffe the humours; it is alfo good to be applied where any bone is out of joint, to hinder inflammations!, dwellings, and paines, that prelently rife thereupon: the powder of the dried leaves taken in drinke, killeth the wormesofthe belly, and the faid dried leaves boiled in wine, killeth the wormes that breedc in old and foulei “ “7 (m! 1C par n° f Pl .’ ntane water and two parts of the brine of powdred beefe boyled together and clarified, is rhTnV 1 n 7 u° h u a C 3 CP read " , g fcabbcs and ln the head or body, all manner of tetters, ringwormes** O heaTetn 3 u other ttinningnnd fretting fores: Br.efely, all the Plantanes are lingular good wound herbev a"”,'-'or old wounds and lores, either inward or outward. Er„fmm iuhis C »//» f *4 reportetha pretties! freed from that dan W er° bel " S ft ™ S “ b “ Kn by * Sp!der ’ f ° U§ht Flantanc ’ and b V the eat “’S thereof was : Chap. XII. Ho loft e umfive Plant ago marina. Sea PlantaneJ ”Tfi r r n ma f"g r me 0th n r ^ s ,°? crbe , s re , f 7 red 10 the pla «tanes, which /hall follow in their order, and firft of thofe are called HoloBea, which for want of a fitter name we call .Tea Plantane. ~ 1 • Plmtago murimt vulgarii. Ordinary Sea Plantane. J n „“ Planta " e hatl ? mar, y narrow long and thicke greene leaves having here and there a dent of ■ head thereonfoaftrr rh,nPl ^ ^ \" d ' a ™ng which1 rife up fundry bare ftalkes.with a /mail fpiked he d thereon (mailer than Plantane, elfe alike both in blooming and feeder therooteis fomewhat white thicke and long with long fibres thereat abiding many yeares. jumewnat wrote tnicKe or*• H'loftamSatomicuH. Ordinary Sea plantane. spawjj Sea Plantane. S3 Holti ^oo Chap.12. Tbcatrum Botanicum . Tribe 5 i Aliud minui. 2 . Ho/ojleum Se.lmcmticum. Spani/h Sea Plantaine. 7 his $>pani{b Sea Plantaine alfo diftereth not much from the former greater kinde, having many narrow hoarvr leaves lying on the ground, but (liorter and broader then they, among which rife up divers naked fhort ftalkes ' little more then an handbreadth high, furnilhed from the middle almofl. to the toppes with many whicilh greenem novVcrs,(landing more fparfedly in the fpiked heads then the former,which afterwards yeeld fmal feeds in husk? } lake unto Plantaine feedec the roote is fomewhat long and hard with divers fibres at it.There is another fort here* i Of much lefler then the fhrmfr. flip Ipjupi; orppnpr anrl _ i .. !!' $. Myofurn Cauda Muru. IVloufetaile, ■ . . UK iwulv i. aim naru wilii uivers nDrcs ; ofmuch Idler then the former, the leaves greener and narrower, and the heads of flowers fmaller. 3, Holojleum anguflifolitm majwfive S erpentaria major. The greater Sea Plantaine with graflie leaves. This greater Sta Plantaine, hath a number of fmall long leaves, almoft like grade but that they are ftiffe and hard fometime lying upon the ground, and fome- time from a ftemme under them raifed a little higher; of a grayith or hoary green colour, and having on fome of them, fome fmall gafhes on the edges, amon- which rife up naked (hikes about halfe a foote high,with fmall fpiked heads, like unto Plantaine heads, fet on the toppes of them, wherein is conteined fuch like feede alfo: the roote is fomewhat thicke long and wooddy, with fome fibres growing thereat. 4. Holofiettm angufiifolium minus. The Idler Sea Plantaine with graflie leaves. This lelTcr Holofieumh very like the former, but that it is fmaller and fcarfe having any dent on the edges, and groweth much lower, not exceeding three or roure inches in heighth, having fuch like heads bur fmaller. 5. Holosieum Crcticitmfive Lcontopodium Creticum , Candy Sea Plantaine. This Candlm plant fwhich hath beenediverfly named dy divers) hath from a reddifh roote, fomewhat great and as it were fcaly at the head, growing fmaller downewards,' and fpread into many long fibres, many long and narrow'fok woollyleaves an handbreadth long, with three ribbes in each of them among which rife up divers fmall and fhort footeftalkes, about two or three inches lon« aud covered with a foft reddifh woollinefle, on every one whereof (landeth a fhorrthickereddiflr woolly head, like unto a Plantaine head,having divers whi- _t‘fh flowers upon them, with blackifh fpots within thcm,feeming fo many holes in them; which after they are pad, have fmall brownifh feede encloled in their huskes, very like unto Plantaine feed.or the feede of PfiUium or Fleaworr, which heads when they are full ripe, doe benddownewards to the ground and’ are fo drawne or bended together, that they refemble herein a Lions foote clafped to¬ gether, whereof fome gave it the name of Leentepedium. v T . . , 6 - , Maficum Lomcer, Cauda muri, vocatnm. Moufdaile fiiooteth forth divers fmall graflie leaves, very fhort,rough and hard amnna ak . e . lC '[ l£reforc . in *J? 1S P lace ‘ Ic ftalkes, with fmall long blackida greenc fpiked heads, like nnto aSl 2 , tA H 8 flen l dcr flowers on them, which quickly fade and fall away, a ter whkh the e i f , d head but fmaller, having white long heads, which then in fome are a little crooked/ and m othc s m r n u*' a " the the name •• the roote is fmall and threddy. sht refemb,In S a Moufetaile, whereof came The Place . The firft groweth in divers places upon our ownecoafts, and other? alfl-> c r , asC/ufiw faith in many places ofS/wiae, In Valentin and Salamanca fi-c Thalia ( ° S™, weth Iralj as Manhielus faith, in Geruie.fi aero, and in the mountaTne, of 'k r" , ^ Sea byalakeoffalt water neare/^,, which is ^ , . The Time. i hey doe flower in the monethsofJawrandLa/r, and their feede rinpnp,v,„.,; r L.i,.-f,— i n u- c • , earlyeft of them all, fiowreth often in AprUl andlLoflgonein^ q V J thC ™ wh.ch is the » . * The Thames. t is called in Greeke oioacv and oAccsor Holoflium and Holoftcum fnr irio mr u -u . ly the Serpen,inas,A indudeth not one - Clufim, nnder ihe ^ mmco(HoloPet/^‘ ^> Z‘ 0 ‘u , otbe 5 S ’ and the Salamanticum mafi, and minus of F “ a0ove r "ty yeares.before Clxfim fet forth his b,fieri* rariorum pUuurxm. The firfl 'R The Theater of'Plants. Chap.13* 5 °* — j—r ■ . L, T'oTfTand LuodunenPit Ge?W from him The fecond of both forts is called by Zf^nZum^iminJ, becaufe the learned oi &*»«*. in Sf**, called it Holf- lujlm Holefi Mflw Sdfcw 1 and Lurdunefis doe follow. Camerarim in his Mattkolu ,callcth ‘ and as I laid befofe anguftifoliaalbifa VM** «Ueth it OT „; ’ as hecalleththe Idler S alamanticum of Clufms, hirfatum albums minus. The third Mathiolm called CwiofiK fjlveSh*, and faith they of qaritu called K'&rfentinap which fince hathbeene con- nnedbv Tbodonaw Lobelund others, Camerarwin horto calleth it PHntago marma.% Dodo,uu< calleth It alfo hZ^amulfifi/ia. ThefourthismentionedalfobyXi.fr/bythe nameot 5 erpenlma cmmum minima, and is iis Corompf& Sfdimontani media planta Majfilienftum alfo,for fo he faith,they are both one and the fame, and is a mv iudnement the Holofleum cjuorundam of Lugdunenfis, although 'Bauhirms maketh thete two forts to be foure ew all nfan” with foure diftindt titles. The fifth Baubmrn as I laid before, faith be let forth before C/ufius m Tel ‘ C Zld after in his Prodrome, under the title oiHoloftiumJive LeontopodiUmCm,cum, and inciu- L . 1 ^ 1 j" /• •firtno and figures of both the forts of Leontopodium Creticum of Chefius in one, wherein I lhinke°he h-th don/rightly, whom I have followed, for although Clufius hath let forth divers figures, as they were fei^f-him fromnSivers places and perfons, yet it feemeth very PT°h>able,_ bo^i pjrhis o wne^clation, ^utk! noritts 'Stilus his defcription thereof, which is extant in the firfl Epiftle of the laid ®r.« to are both but one plant, and not two different forts; but as he and Bauknm fay, was fent by Corn,(a, to them both bv the name of Catanance prima of Diofcmdes, which Honor, w BcUm difprooveth in the find piffle. ^Bmbinus fafth alfo he received itVrom Terra*. X—r M by the name 0 Holoftu.m *,»*■ and from Alpinus bv the name ofG«w album cat hart,cam, and is the Habbmes of Cameranu, and the PLt,junta r^oTx^ mhis Appendix,The laft as I faidbefore divers doe referre tc . thefekind« of Ho/Jtea % s Lonkeris Camerarim , Thalius, and Lugdunenfis. Bank,ms himfelfe calling it Holofieo afi.m Cauda marls, and almolt all ethers Mjofcuros or Cauda marls, onely Tragus Zest “we all thefe herbes except the laff. Sea Plantaines, although they grow in fome places latte from the Sea, as well asreere it in others for the refcmblance they have in their narrow ribbed leaves, and fpiked heads, unto the fmailer Plantaines or Ribbe worts, but efpeciaUy for their properties which being cooling and binding like un- , . PruSr nfrhr fame faculty! the Leontopodium may be called Lions foote, or Lions daw, „ccor- L! to ^raMnedthough h^ftlytereferrecko the ? fe kinds ofPlantaines, The lad is called inMMoufe- tail? generally, and of fome Blood Lnge, but I thinke corruptly from blood (faying, for in that faculty it 1= predominant, all other Dialefls follow the Latine name thereof. TheVertues. - . , . What hath beene formerly faid of the other Plantaines, may in fome fort be juftly referred to thefe, for >n their qualifies of cold and dryneffe, they are I faid little differing, wherein the Plantaines are excellent; and there fore it {hall not neede to repeate the fame things here againe, that formerly have beene there .O y for the third kind here mentioned, Matthtolus faith, that they of Gontia, who call it Serpentina, have ufe it t efpec^U good purpofe^aThehimfelfe faith alfo, he hath found by good experience, againfl the b.tmgs orb,ng- iiws of Serpents efpeciaUy, and of the other venemous beads, as alfo to hel pc thofe that are troubled w ith the dropfie, especially that which hath poffeffed the whole body, the Mouletayle is Plantaine, and the Country people in fome places of this land, apply 1 .not only to thofe that bleede.at the note, by bridling the leaves and putting it up therein, but alfo to flay the much bleeding ol wounds, and to heale them up. . Chap. XIII- Coronoptts f,ve Cornu Cervinum. Buckshorne Plantaine. Here are fome other forts ofthis herbe better knowne in thefe dayes, then they have beene for- merly, which though growing in different climates, we will draw into one Chapter, and ex- ?_ ■ 1 . Toronopus vulgaris five Cornu Cervinum. Common Buckshorne Plantaine, :: This being foweir of feederifeth up at the firfl, with fmall, long, narrow, ha.ry, darke greene leaves like grade, without any divifion or gafih in them, but thofe that follow are gafoed n on both tides of the leaves, into three or foure gafhes and pointed at the ends, refembling the knagges of a k - “whereof it tooke the name, and befog well growne lye round about the roote u ? ou thei gwund, :m order one bv another, thereby refembling the forme of a (larre, and therefore called Herba Stella ■ from among which rife up divers hairy ftalkes, about an bandbreadth high, bearing every one a fmall long ‘’ e kc ,™' to thofe ofthe common Plantaine, having fuch like bloomings and feede after ti cm . 0 v ® and fmall, with divers fibres annexed thereunto, the taftc hereof is altogether drying like Plantaine. 2. Coronopw Vrochytf. lnfuU\ Prickly Bucks-norne, This differeth little from the former, but that it hath his leaves fomewhat 'FrfJ'.broadCT, and thtc Mo e hairy orroughalfo, and the dents or divifions of the leaves more (harpe and prickly ; the fta.kes and h. d a e fomewhat morerou^h and hairy, and differeth not in the rclt. 2 . Coroftoptu tenuifolius maritime. Small Sea Bucks-horneo i ape • .. » • - ■ This fmall Sea Bucks-home (for I might well have made our owne Sea Plauta.ne,to be foe of, inthatithathmoreemmentdentson the edges ofthe leaves, theu the other Snpenum .of which I might impute rather to the climate then to a differing kinde , but take it in which fenfcyoo pleafe, for neither you nor f can erre much, if we take it in either) hath many leaves lying on the ground foure inches long, and fo narrow that the Sea Southerne wood leaves exceed them not, having ™^hfideth= eate three very long cuts or gafhes turned inwards, all of them frnooth and of a frefo greene “™t,andnot°ugn or hairy at all as the former, among which come up fuch like heads, upon fmall ftalkes, as are in the hrff. v . , y* CGTonopus Rucllijrefla vclrepent. Vpnght or creeping Bucks.hornc or Wart CrelTes; fmaller, as the roote is aifo: the tafle hereof is no lefle aftrin- gent then the former. 4. CoronopM maritimw mimmw hirfutw . The fmall hairy Sea Bucks home. This other little kinde, is iomewhat like the laft, but that the leaves being very fmall, are not fo finely or finally galhed on the edges, but Hand rather like a little •icabicus, and all hai¬ ry over: the ftalkes likewife are hairy, and not much above an inch high, bearing fmall hairy fpiked heads like the reft but lmaller, whereon appcare white flowers quickly fading ’ y. Coronopus reEla velrepens Rucllij, = ' Vpright and creeping Bucks-home or Wart Crefles Ruellms hath referred this fmall plant to the ordinary Cormo- fus or Bucks-home, for fome refemblance it hath thereto al¬ though in quality much differing, which notwithdandin-di¬ vers writers have fince Ruellius reckoned ill'll with the Coro«o- fos or Bucks-hornes, and therefore letitalfo here paife in the fame manner. It is a fmall low herbe, yet in fome places (lan¬ ding more upright, but mod ufually creeping with many long branches, and fpreadinga great way upon the ground round about:™ creeping kind never riling much above fotire finders high the Other more, with divers very fmall long and divided or cut leaves thereon,all along on both fides of them, fome- wbat relembUng the diviflons of the former or the Garden Crcfie: the flowers are fmall and white, comming forth at the ,oynts with the leaves, many fet upon a fmall long foote¬ rs one above another, after which come fmall rbugh or fiiarpe round huskrafomewhatrefembling rough warts,which diy.de themfelves into two parts,and contains in each of them a fmall brownifti feede. the roote is fmall white and long, with much milder § r0 > vln S d °wne deepe into the gronn d, the tafle whereof is fomewhat hot like Crefles but himfelTe faith, ‘ S y ^beeaten as a Sallet herbe, both boyled and greene with vinegar, as Tribe 5. PheFheater of "Plants. Chap,13 503 The Place . The firft ufually groweth in driefandy grounds, as m Tuttle fields by fVcflmmjhnr, and divers other places of the land: it was wont to be planted and nourifhed up in gardens in Italy, France, and other places, where the people more delight in grecne and fallet herbes chan we in this countne doe, becaufe it was in frequent tile to be eaten by them: the fecond as Column* faith, groweth on the rockes m the Hand P rocky,* ■ the third hee faith likewife groweth in many untilled grounds in the Kingdome of "eare the lea fide, and fo doth the fourth, 1 neare the lea fide, but particularly in what countrie is not exprefled : the lad groweth every where almoft round 3i about London, in any moift ground, or the foote of bankes, where there is any low trench or rill, that is not con¬ ic tinually filled with water. The Time, ■ . They all flower and feede in May, Inn:, and My, and their greene leaves abide trefia in a manner all the ij Winter. TheNames. \t is cMeiinGreekeMwoi:*! firowpui, acorvino pede quemejfigiaiit folia, faith Petit, that is Crowfoote, v whereunto the leaves are like, which name the Latines doe hold, as alfo Cornu cervi mcervimm, and Herb* 1; Stella, both of them, from the pofture of their leaves. Some alfo call it, Hannan.t and Sangmnarta mSangmna- i; lie, the one from the place of hts growing, the other from the effefts or properties. There hath beene much doubt ■ formerly, what herbe (hould be the true Coronopus of Diofcorides, for the name fignifymg a Crowes foote, dc- >' ceivedmany and led them into that errour, to thinke thatthe herbe called Pet commas, and Pet aaUinaccus [ fhould be it; among whom arc not oncly the Comentators upon Awccn, but Ern-nfelfim alfo of late dayes, who 1: carried away rather with the currant ofthetime, and thefignification of the name, than with the opinion of C others that contracted it, and without the due examination of the herbe it felfe held this opinion, whom Mat- il thialas juflly reprehencleth therefore, (hewing that it was a fpecies of Ranunculus, that wasgeneially called Pet Ii continue, and Pet eaUinacem, which is an exulcerating herbe, and not this Corompw which Hiofcor.de, ma¬ il keth a fallet herbe familiarly eaten, and alloweth of Cfolonardw Ferrarienfis his judgement, that let downc this 1 HerbafMle or Cornu cervimim, to bethe true Coronofen o (‘Diofcorides. Matthiolus contefteth alfo againft Lem. ! term that tooke a kinde of "rafle,called gramen Marine cfculentum, and Pentadabiylon, which hee faith was cal- I led by his countrimen and Sanguinellt in Matthiolus countne, to be the Coronopus of Diofcorides j which grafleas he faith, although it hath fivefmall fpikes growing at the toppes of the flalkes, which 1 eing opened re- lemble in fome manner, the foote ofa Crow or other bird ( as thereupon tooke the name VemadaEljlon, of five fingers of a fpread hand) yet this hath no divided leaves, neither is a fallet herbe for men to eate, but oncly being a grade ferveth as hay for beaftes: there is alfo another controverfie among divers, what herbe Theophrastus fhould meane by his Coronopus (which Gaza tranflateth Solidago, and) which hec placeth among the prickly plants, whom Vliny alfo herein followeth in his 21.Bookc and 1 6. Chapter ; and yet in his 22. boo! e making mention thereof, aoth not fpeake of any prickles it bath, following peradventure Diofcorides text therein; but CMotthiolus to excufe Tbeophrajius his prickles in Coronopus, fuppoleth that the j'agges or divifionsof the lea ves o f Cornu Corvinum , might be taken or miftaken by Tbeophrafhts to be thornes ( he might as well iay homes) or prickles, although they be not hard nor fharpe: and therefore judgeth the Coronopus, both of Diofcorides an d Theophraflus to be one paint; which thing although with Matthiolus I thinke to be true, yet doe I not thinke his reafon therefore to be true ;but if 1 may give my judgement thereof, I thinke it more probable that Theophralius might Ice fuch a Coronopus, as Fabius Columna calleth InfuLe Prochyt£, which hath fharpe and prickly edges; (as is before faid in the defeription thereof) and therefore placed it inter aculeatas ; and Diofcorides fuch as wc iilu® ally have, which grew in milder places, and is a tender herbe, ufedto be eaten; and hereby as I thinke they may be reconciled together. The firft is called Coronopus fativus , by Cordus , Cjefner , Cameranus ai d others, and hortenfis by Bauhinus jbeezufe it was familiarly fowen in gardens for meate, and Herb a Stella, as I laid before, by LobelfDodonaus and others, and Cornu cervi , and (fornu cervinum • yet the fame herbe is alfo called fjlveflrjs t being found wild by divers, both the fame and other Authors: the fecond is as I faid called Coronopus InfuU Pro- chyu> by Fabius Columna, and by Bauhinus Coronopus filveftris hirfutior : the third the fame Column,a calleth Coro- nopus Neopolttanus tenuifolius minimus y and minimus tenuifolius maritimus ."the fourth Bauhinus fetteth forth Under the name exprefied in the title: the laft is thought by fome to be the Coronopus of ‘ Diofcorides • but called by fome ‘ Nafturtium verrucarium: yet is generally called foronopus re f ens : buc Dotbrieus thinketh it fitter to be cal¬ led P feudo coronopus, or elfe Cornu cervi alterum vulgi\ the upright plant is Matthiolus his Ambrofa^ and Lobe Is Am - brojiaJpontanea flri^ofior, and Bauhinus himfelfe puttcch it for a fecond AmbroRa , becaufe it is figured upright by tJMatthiolus and Lobel. The firft is called by the Italians Herba fella and Coronopo, by the Spaniards Guia- bella , by the French Come de Cerfynd piedde cornolle ;by the Germans Krauwenfuf by tbe Dutch Hertzharren,wc in Englifb call it Bucks home. Harts borne, and Bucks home Plantane, and of fome Herbe Ivye, and Herbe Evej Gerard calleth it Swines Crefles,but I do rather call it W art Crefles according to the Latine name that iome give from the forme of the huskes of feede. The Vert ties] Buckshorne Plantane boiled in wine and drunke, is an excellent remedy for the biting of a V iper or Adder (for I hold our Englifb Adder to be the true Viper, both by the forme thereof, the teeth it hath with poifonin the gummes, being deadly and dangerous upon the biting, and by the breeding, which is of quicke young ones, and not by eggesas fnakes, dec.) by laying fome of the herbe to the wound : the fame alfo being drunke, helpeth thofe that are troubled with the ftone in the reines and kidneyes, not that it breaketh the ftone or expelleth it, but by cooling the heate of the parts, and (lengthening the backe andreynes: it ftayeth likewife all bleeding?* and eruptions of bloud, whether at the mouth or nofe, either by urine or the ftoole, and helpeth the la, ke of the belly and bowells, and the difentery or bloudy fiaxe; it helpeth much alfo thofe that have weake ftomackes, and are much given to calling, not containing their meate ; and this the herbe doth well, but the roote more effeftu- aily. P aulus genet a in his feventh Booke writeth, that it helpeth thofe that are troubled with the collicke; of which fome make a doubt, that it might be an errour of the Writer in miftaking the word, but that he in the fame place, prefently after that he hath (hewed, that thejLarke is a remedy for.the collicke adioyne:h this alfo, that the rootes alfo of Coronopus doth helpe the cholicke; it hath beene held profitable for agues, to weaken their fits,and to take them away, to hang the tootes with the reft of the herbe about the necke, as nine to men^n f I. I 504 Ctt A P.14, Theatrum'Botanicum . 1 R I B E. cj1 an ague, will fuddenly eafe the fit asif’ir hd b P ^ Bucks-horne Plantane laid to their hdes that have with fome bay fait, and applied to the w«P« / '? Itcher “ 8 « he leaves a ” d «*«* alfo beate'- fonable and proper: the herb'eboyled in Ale or Wine^nd" tl ^ cffcfts ’ which I bold to be more rea. ther, helpeth all forts of fore eyes, that come bv the Hebinarf § c£ m ‘Tn g and a ' cn,n g ^ fo me time to<>e- head upon them, by cooling and tempering theheamlnA n and lia . rpc or (ah rbenmes, falling from‘the RueMjor creeping Buckshorne being as'I^fifid a ftllet hltrhp^^rb ^ and .^ a y’ n § fhe deftillarions. The Cwootckj away warts by a fpecificall propertl oYthe feede ^^ Ch ° Ught b * fome * §°° d to »k e e Gh a p. Xl V. OphrUfve Bifolium. Tway-BIade or Herbe BifoileV | leaves as is ufualMnahe^ anot h er one with two eisicjJ arc deceived, forthefuperfluitie of leaves in rhic dl ™ ri ”§ fpeces j buthtreinl thinkethey , , which upon tranfplanung °‘hers, - naturl, but of one of this kinde, yet mention theie other that are bur 11 ^ j ' ^ • ,hercfore Ihew you the defeription Marfhkmdc not remembred by any before accidents in nature, and withall fhew you a Thisfmallhetbefrom^foote^bmewhat^wKte^ w'h^ B '^ ode ? r Twayblade. called a Bulbe (I have therefore given you it in anoSw fc P SfrS f T eW - hat thicke ’ whl > h fome have wards, raifech up a round greene ftalke bare or naked npvn u C j) ^ 100tln g many long fibres downe- die thereof, as the plant is in age and growth as a foZL h *-5§P’ 0nd * f ° r an inch two or three to the mid- two broad and fhort ribbed pale qreene or h arv leaves n f fX11 upward unto the flowers, having onely die of the (hike one on each'lidefardcompaffing “« j, S t"i° !" w but whiter fet at the mid- thereupon fome reckoned to bea different fort, which is as > we°cTn 'ir^b?,r t /w'f! !t will get th rcc leaves, which rifliment in the plant, as it hapneth to very many other planK^a m’rhe' V b V ‘he Sundance of nou- havmg five leaves, and fomet mes fixe or feven, and fometime’s want nnfw 7 381 fald , before > foretimes fcure, and fo like wife in the ordinaryfield Trefoile, which as all kno'w ufehy'tth Bifoliurofylveftrt vulgare feu OpbrtS . Ordinary wood T way blade or Bifeide. 0 phris Bifolia rum rad ice bulbofi. 1 wa y bl *«e whofe bulbous head is more confpicuous. if r. l b e 5. T he Theater of ^Plants. Chap.15, 505 Bftalke, yet oftentimes divers ftalkes are found, that bearefoure leaves and the like inanumberof other plants - which were endlefl'e as well as needelefle to lepeate) fome alfo reckon up two (peeks or forts hereof, a grea¬ ter and a leffer (but none of them mention the P aluSlre whereof I fliallfpeakein the next place ) both in’that irwhich beareth but two, as alio in that which beareth three leaves • and Clufius in his Cure pnjloriores mentioned! 1 one very ftnall lort, that theCapuchinc frier Gregortus dc Reggio found, all which I account to be but the varia¬ tion of the foyleand aire, and therefore 1 do not herediflinguilh them into fo many feverall forts as they do: the Bflowers at the toppe of the ftalkes are many fmall long whicifh greene fhapelefle bodies, as it were, fomewhac Ifikc unto fome of the Orchid'i or Satyrions which palle away, having fmall heads with dult in them after¬ wards. a. Bifolium pc.luslre. Marfh Bifoile. T The Marfri Bifoile hath fcarfe beene obferved by any, or at lead: hath deceived many that fuppofed it not tob£ [1 differing from the former, although differing in the fitc, yet the difference is manifelf, firft in the fmallneffe, be- I ing much leffer, and having fometimes three leaves alfo : fecondly in the greenefle, the other being more hoary white : thirdly in the fpike of flowers, which although ofthe fame fafhion and colour or very neare, yet Idle by farre : fourthly, in the rootes which in this doe runne or creepe in the ground : and laftly, the place Which is not the Woods, but Moores, Bogges, and wet Marifh grounds. The ‘Place. The firft L ufually an inhabitant of Wood-Copfes an d the like, asbetweene Highgate and Hampfleede, and in many other places of this land : theother not onely in the low wet grounds betweene Hatfield and St. Alboncs, I but in divers places of Remney marjh. The Time. They are in flower ufually untill the later end of May at the fooneft, and fo continue untill the middle or end of June, and then wholy will be withered and gone in Inly. The Names. The firft is generally thought to be the Ophris (quod aUcjuiftsperciliim redduntJ of Pliny, which he faith in his 26. Booke, and i;. Chapter, is an herbe like unto the dented or toothed Pot-herbe with two leaves; hut what that dented Pot-herbe is, is not well knowne.and therefore it is but fuppofed as I faid, that this herbe with two leaves fbould be it; but becaufe we know no ocher herbe, that hath but two leaves itcarrieth the moreprobabi- litie. Cor dm and CjefinerinhortisGermanie, have thought it to be Alyfima or Damafomum, others to b e Gramm Parrtafji •.Brunfelfim would make it a kinde of perfoliata, becaufe the two leaves doc fo compafle the flalke at tbebotromr, as if it were but one leafe,and that the flalke went thorough them, and others have tho pht it to be a kinde of Hcllcborine, becaufe the flowers are fomewhat like unto it: Dodmttts calleth it Tfestdo orchis, five Bi~ folium,m&Tragus maketh it his tenth Satyrittm, calling it Bifohum, by which name it is now generally railed and knowne of all Herbarifts, the ocher hath not beetle by any before remembred : the French call it Double Fueille, the Germans Zweyblat, the ‘Dutch tweeblat, and we Twayblade, or herbe Bifole. The Zlertu.es. It is not much aftringent in tafte, but rather clammie or glutinous, and fomewhat fweete, whereby it may be judged to be hot and drie, it is much and often nfed by many and to good purpofe for wounds, both greene and old, and for to confolidate or knit ruptures. Pliny faith Ophris is good to make the haire of the eye browes biacke, but this hath not beene tried by any in our dayes, to have any fuch effoR that 1 kno w. Chap. XV. Aionophyllonfive Vnifolium. One blade. His fmall plant never beareth more than oneleafe, but onely when it rifeth up with his flalke, which (MiaSt thereon beareth an other, and feldome more, which are of ablewifh greene colour, therein very like unto the leafe of a Imall Lilly Convally, but fomewhat broa¬ der at thebottome, and pointed with many ribbes Or veines therein like Plantane; at the toppeof theflalke grow many mall white flowers (tarre fafhion, fmelling fomewhat fweete-, tfter which come fmall reddifh berries when they are ripe -• :'ne roste is fmall of the bigneffe ofa Rufh lying and creeping rnder the upper cruft of the earth, fhooting forth in divers olaces. The Place. It groweth in moift fhadowieandgraffie places of woods, ii many places of the Realme. The Time. It flowreth about May, and the berries be ripe in June, and hen quickly perifheth untill the next yeare, it fpringeth from he fame roote againe. The Names. It may be called in Greeke jjxxsr, after the Latincs Vni- dium, for it is not mentioned by any ancient Greeke Author, or yet by any ancient Lacine, as is thought, unlefle as Dale- utmpiut upon Diofeondes fuppofeth, it may be the Cyctamimee rtia of Pliny inhis aj, Booke and vp. Chapter, which hee ld°09pbyffon fee y n ifoli:int. One Wade. X s faith 506 Cff A P. 16 , Tbeatrum Botamcum. Tr IBE.5 faith hath but one leafe, unleffe the place be corrupted, whereof there is home doubt. Tragus calleth it Cotrlrd fylvefire, and VmfoUum j moll of the later Writers call it MmAjHm or VmUlium, onely BautAnm referrr h V the Lilmmcobvallitim' calling it Liliumconcilium minus ,but he fettcth it dowre in his Mattkolw that ,h? men ParnaJJi of Mdtthulm, whom Lugdmenfis and others doe follow, isthisZ/w/Wfawill fetfonh whirl, ("l be fo, th enLobcl, Dodomm, and all others, have bcene utterly miftakcn in' Gramen ParmlTi who all fame or thelike figure of gramen ParnaJJi, that Mattbiolw doth, and even Bauhinus himfelfe, caileth tha tGram, Parnaftalba flare, that hee faith, Label,Dodane vs and others call, Gramen Barnaf/l ,how can itthen he mifHu when all others and himfelfe agreeth to call it Grammy arnajji , and not Vmfelinm as they doe this- ind irdr' with what reafon or judgement can the Gramen ParnaJJibt this Vmfolium, when this hath never more than leafe nnttll it flower.and the gramen ‘TamaJJl is never without more leaves than one-' the Germans call it Sinbll and tile French Vne fueille, as we doe One blade. ciwiau The Vertues . ■ alfe a dramme or a drammc at the moft in powder of the rootes hereof taken in wire and vinegar o equall parts, and the party prelently thereupon laid tofweate, is held to be a fowaigne remedy forWe rh, ‘ are infefted with the plague, and have a lore upon them, by expelling the poyfon and infeflion, and defending other e h rt h ndfpirl ^ fr T d t, anger ' 1C An 1 ? accoumed a good wound herbe, and thereupon tiled witfii other herbesmmaktng Inch compound Balmes, as are neceflane forthecuring of wounds, be thevfrefis ani OpbiogbJJum. Adders tongue. Chap. XVI. Ophioa/oflum jive Lingua ferpentina, Adders tongue. His fmall herbe alfo hath but ore leafe, which with the (hike, rifeth not above a fingers length above @1 the ground, being fat or fomewhat thicke, of a frefii greene colour, formed very like unto the head M ofa broad Javelin or Parttzan, orasfomedoelikcn it, to the leafe of the water Plantane but leffe w ! t - h ?‘! t “ y mldd, . e " bbc tber J ln • as a11 or m° fi other herbes have : from the bofomc or bottome of ai* *? ea C on jho tnfide, rifeth up a fmal] (lender flalke, about a fingers length, and fometimesthe half 1 ke 'f 1 lave t 'T° ^ ads tbere , n ’ and fometime three,or elfe abortive as Lobel t xprefleth one ■ the'ttppe” CO o!, V r e r e °^r T W la gS f r ' an J d 1 a! k were dcntcd ab&ut with fma11 r ™nd dents, of a yellowilh -re™ ^th rhela? f g the m' ,g f e u" dder u l Crpalt ' Whidl nCver ft,eWeth any otbcr Bower, a " d falleth away the room Iffma l f ° Tfih V ’rj" W "j* C hath a PP ear , cd ’ without bringing any feede, that could be obferved^ ° ot£1 ?{roalI and fibrous abiding under ground, and (hooting forth the next Spring, notperifhino in rhe V nter, although the leaves doe, Some have made hereoftwo other forts, one whofe leaves at the lower end is “foyle' E o“! nth£ ° ther;and which 1 doe account^nd The Place . Itgroweth in many moift meddowes of the land where the roote Jyeth covered with the grade,; The Time, with a little heate! “ M * h a " d P eriflieth The Thames, nlwif X ^ ritCrS have F u 't the Greeke name ociWa™, Oph,oglojfl«m hereunto according with the fatine Lingua ferpm. r„ or/^ w « M a8 tt ,s ufually called now adaye., for ft i, not found in any oftheanctent Greeke or Latine Writers, except it be the Lmgua or L.ngnlaca whereof P liny maketh mention in his *4. Booke and j 9 . Chapter, and in his 15. Booke and 11. tiapter, that growerh about fountaines, but becaufe he maketh no dcfcriptton of the forme, it is doubtfull whether it be it or no • for Lugdmenps referreth it to the Ranunculi pamine^ whereof I have fpoken both here before, and in my formed Book,and Dalebhdmpm as he faith,would make P liny his Lingua to beakindof Coryza pa/uftri, Jerrat folia. s ome alfo would ^Cerga PhW,,mbis ad.Booke and 8 Xhapter, winch he faith hath but one leafe and a roote made ofnodes or b™rZ~ bmf j' S . not n' S; butas I fhall foew you fhortly, Fa. fl r”n doth mo(l P r °P er >y°f any other,referre his Cera:,a. Some alfo would make it Lu- that n m ° r ’ bUt We have anothc:r bcrbe properly called by tname.asyoufhallunderftand in the next Chapter • Arnett* am d ZTl which doth well agree hereto; n the Ch 111 hlS -* dz, ' r f" r,a LnAphyllum ; t ut becaufe the herbe - the chapter next going before,is fo called with inoflj thinke Ifinde r' en, r ?^ f ° Undtwoherbcs b >’ one ,iarae ’ a " d his sfreema '° 5 ° ° W them herein ’ £r ””M« makctlt tt c te-“*r ' as thinking it a fpecies of thatkinde: callcth n Vutneraria. Cefrer in kart. Lancea Cbrifii; Tr ! B E. 5, The Theater of Plants . Chap.17 507 ; 1 chrifti, but mod writers now a daies doe call it Ophiogl Jfum & Lingua ferpetitii.oxferpentina, The Italians call it Ophiogloffo.Heriafenza cofta* LuccioU, Argentina and langue de ferpenr.She French langue de ferpent. The ( per- manes Nat erzunglin. The Dutch Speercruipt as Dodonaw faith. And We in Englifli Adders tongue or Serpents I tongue. ! a The Vertues. /] Adders tongue is temperate bctweenc heat and cold, anddryinthe fccond degree; the juice of the leaves i'i given to drinke, with the diddled water of Horfetaile, is a fingular remedy for all manner of wounds in the si bread or bowels, or any other parts of the body. It is with no leffe good fucceffe given to thofe that are much gi¬ ll v en to calling, or vomiting, and alfo to thofe that voide blood at the mouth or nole, or otherwife downe- t wards; the laid j'uice or the dryed leaves made into powder, and given in the diddled water of Oaken buds,is ve- 1 ry good for luch women as have their ufuall courfes, or the whites come downe upon them too aboundantly : 5, thelaid powder of the herbe taken for fome time together, doth cure the rupture as Taptifta Sards,, faith. The >' greene herbe infufed or boyled in red wine, or white wine, and thofe eyes that are much given to water,wadi- ed therein or dropped therein, taketh away the watering, and cooleth any inflammation that commeth thereby ; |i with the leaves hereof infufed in oyle Omphacine, or of unripe Ollives, infolated or fet in the Sunne for certaine dayeS; or the greene leaves boyled in the faid oyle diffidently, is made an excellent greene oyle, or Balfame, n fingular good, not onely for all lorts of greene or frelh wounds, but for old and inveterate ulcers alfo, quickly to 1 cure them, efpecially if a little fine cleare Turpentine, be diffolved therein; the fame alfo ftayeth and repreffeth I, all inflammations that rife upon paines, by any hurt or wounds. Chap. XVII. Lunaritt minor. Small Moonewort. Any Authours have fet forth varieties of this fmall Moonewort, which becaufe they are but from /ffjj the Luxurioufneffe of the Plant, in a fertile foyle and accidentall alfo, not to be found conftant, which fhould make a particular Jpecies. I have wholly refufed to fet downe many deferiptions of one herbe, but fometime degenerating; let one defeription therefore ferveinftead of many, with Ss&SaS the relation offomecafualties as they happen. The fmall Moonewort rifeth up ufually but with Lunar:a minor. Small Moonewort, one darke greene thicke and fat leafe, (landing upon a fhort foote- ftalke, not above two fingers breadch high, but when it will flower it may be faid that it beareth, a fmall (lender ftalke, about foure or five inches high,having but one leafe fet in the middle thereof, which is much divided on both (ides into many parts, mod ufually with five or feaven on a fide, yet fome have beene found with nine divifions on a fide, and fometimes with more, yea fome have thought that it may have as many leaves or parts of leaves rather, as there are dayes in every Moone, but this is onely opinionative; each of thofe parts is very fmall, next the middle ribbe, but broad forwards, and round pointed,refembling therein an halfc Moon, from whence it tooke the name,the uppermoft parts or divifions being Idle then the lowed: the ftalke rifeth above this leafe two or three inches, bearing many bran¬ ches of fmall long tongues, every one very like unto the fpiky head of the Adders tongue,of a brownifh colour, which whether I (hould call them the flowers or the feed, I well know not, which after they have continued a while, refolve into a mealy duft, the rote is fmall and fi¬ brous. This is fometimes found to have divers fuch like leaves, as are before deferibed, with fo many branches or toppes arifing from one ftalke, each divided from other. And Clufiut fetteth forth ano¬ ther, which he callethr* mofa, and came out otSt/eJia to him and 0- thers, which had more (lore of leaves, and each leafe more divided, and each part dented about the egdes, bearing divers (hikes, with branched tops like the other, which leaves, were more fat thickc and fappy, and with a little hairy downe upon them. The Place. It groweth upon hils and on heathes, yet where there is much grafle, for therein it delighteth to grow. The Time, It is to be found onely in AprilL and May for in Iune when any hot weather commeth, for the mod part it is withered and gone. The Names . Itisnotcertainelyknownetobe remembred by any of the anci¬ ent Greeke or Latine Authors, yet (ome would make it to be Ceratia Plinij whereof is fpoken before; fome to b tTragiumfecundumDio- fcor'idU, which growing on mountaines, hath the leafe of Scolopendrinw or Miltwafte ; but the roote he faith fmelleth ftrong, which this doth not, and therefore cannot be it, fome alfo doe thinke it to be Hemionitis altera and Selenitic* becaufe fome take the HemionitU to be Lunaria ma]or % Some alio as Columna to be Epimedinm of Tfiefcorides , but he faich with all, that the roote hath a ftrong fent, which cannot agree hereunto; Some alfo have called it Ophlog/ojfttm for the likenefle ofthe toppes. Clufius faith that thofe of Silefia, where that kinde groweth, that he calleth rmofa. , doe call it in their language, Kechter wider thon - that is as he faith, Tricbomanes X x 2 * ' . Icgitimum uili- ft $ ft. 508 Ch a P.18, Theatrum B otanicum. Tribe. <5,; legiumum , the true Mayden haire • all late writers doe call it Lunaria minor, afolijs lm& crefccntU modo falcatit & botrjtis five ramofa, aut racemofa, acapitibus racemi in modumformat is. Gefner in libro de lunarijs , calleth it f Lunariapetrta, and Taura^ as he faith the Heardfmen and Shepherds doe, becaufe if the Kine feede, where this herbe groweth, they will fpeedily goeto the Bull. Tabermontanw calleth it Ruta Lunaria vel jecoraria. The Italians call it Lnn aria delgrappolo, The French Taure and Petite Lunaire. The Germanes lv ^ ri, > or UmmKn >, by the Dutch winterorocn, and in Ersgli/h The Vertues, Wintergreene is very cold and drying and exceeding aftringent, and glutinous withall, whereby it is a mod forfaid InTcd wounds - 1 co.eonfolidate^their lippes fpeedily together, either the greene leaves brui- fcdandapplyedofthemfelves, otthe juceofthem, or a falve made of the greene herbes (lamped, or the juice boy led with Axunprs or Hogs lard, or with fallet oyleand waxc, and fome turpentine added unto if which is to foveraigne a falve for all manner of wounds and fores, that the Cernsanes uie it exceeding much,and extoll it beyond Tribe. 5, The Theater of 'Plants. Chap.19 511 beyond any other falve made of a Ample herbe : they likewifeufe it for inward wounds or hurts, being boyled either by it felfe,or with other wound herbes, as Comfrey,Moufeare, Burnet, Pery winkle, Tormentill, Horfc- 3 taile, Avens, Ladies Mantle, Betony, Agrimony, Madder rootes, and Golden Rodde, and the like, wherew,ith c they ufe to heale whomfoever is wounded, either ill the body or' bowells or any other part, by giving them to II. drinke of fuch a decoffionjthe herbe boyled in wine and water and thereof given to drinke to them that have any •1 inward ulcers in their kidnies.or neck of the bladder,doth wonderfully help themjit ftaieth alfo all fluxes, whether d of bloud or of humors,as the Iaske,bloudy fluxe,or womens too abundant courfes.as alfo the bleeding ofwoundsj t and both taketh away any inflammation riling upon the paines of the heart, and hinderethany to arile being pre- (1 fently applied after the hurt received: it is no Idle helpefull for foule ulcer s hard to be cured, as alfo for cancres I orfi ulaes: the diftilled water of the herbe doth effeftuallyperforme the fame things, and fome keepe the dried i; herbe to ufe in decoftions, or made into powder to drinke. Chap. XIX. Cyueglojfum. Hounds tongue. Iofcorirtes maketh mention but of one fort o(Cyuog!ojfum or Hounds tongue, which is generally thought to be that which is ordinary with us, but there hath beene of late dayes, divers other forts found outj all which (hall be here fet downe together. |, 1. Cjuogfatfum majm vulgare. The ordinary great Hounds tongue. I The great ordinary Hounds tongue hath many long and fomewhat narrow,foft,or as it were hairy darkifh green |! leaves lying on the ground, fomewhat like unto the leaves of Bugloffe, from among which rifethupa rough li hairy ftalke, about two foote high, with fome fmaller leaves thereon then grow below, and branched at the < toppe into divers parts, with a (mall leafe at the foote of every branch, which is fomewhat long with many i flowers fet along the fame, which branch is crooked or turned inwards, before it flowreth and openeth by de- jgrees, as the flowers doe blow, which confiftoffonre fmall purplifh red leaves, fomewhat of a fadordcadco- !| lour, fcarfe riling or lhewingthemfelves, out of the rough greene huskes wherein they (land with fome threds I in the middle; this hath beene fometimes found with a white flower: after the flowers are pall there come in their places rough flat feede, with a fmall thread or pointcll in the middle, cafily cleaving to any garment that-it F ' ort toncheth, and arc not fo eafily pulled off againe : the roote is blacke, thicke, and long, tough or hard to breake, j and full ofa clammy iuice, fmclling fomewhat flrong, or of anevill lent, like as the leaves doe, which fome doe call a foporiferous lent. 2. Cjnoglofium maximum. Thegreateft Hounds tongue. This kinde differeth not from the former, either in leafe, flower, or feede, but onely that in them all it is neere twifcfo largewhich maketh the difference, c m ,fmn,aj mV u/iare. 3 . Cynoglofium m iximum momauum. Tic ordinary great Hounds tongue. The great moilntaine Hounds tongue. This great mountaine Hounds tongue hath alfo many large buthairy and foft leaves, lying on the ground, above a foote long, and an hand brelth broad, of a wfcutilh greene colour, having every one the middle ribbe reddifh; with many greene veines running thorough them, and reddifh footeftalkes to fu- ftaine them, thole which are in the middle of them (landing more upright; from amongft which rifeth a thicke hollow cre- fted.reddiib,woolly,or hairy ftalke,two foote high and above ftored on all Tides with fuch leaves, buc lefter andlcffer up to the ioppe, where it breaketh forth into foure or five branches of flowers. Handing all on one fide, yet forming at thefirft a round head, very pleafant to behold for the varietie of colours therein ; the hairy ftalkes of the flowers being greene ending in five points, the flowers hollow and long confiding of five purplifh red leaves, fomewhat fweete, (landing above the flowers and greene leaves among them with red ribbes in them, which in the fhadow where it delighteth to grow, is the more confpicuous and beautifull; after which in the faid huskes come larger feede than the former, foure ufually toge¬ ther, which on the upperfide are flat circled about with a few fliort prickes, whereby it cleaveth faft to garments: the roote isblackilhontheoutfide,and whitilh within, fomewhat like the former. 4. Cynogloffum medium mmtanum anguftifolium. Narrow leafed hoary mountaine Hounds tongue. This Hounds tongue bath many foft woolly, or hoary long and narrow leaves (landing upright and not lying upon the ground, being halfc a foote long, and an inch broad in the middle, but fmall at both ends, whofe middle ribbe,and foote- ftalkeareboth reddilh: theftalke rifeth upto be fomewhat more,then halfe a foootehigh.replenilhed fo thicke with fuch like leaves as grow below, that no part of the ftalke can be feene, each whereof are more hairy or woolly, and compaffe 512 Chap.i^, 7 beatrum Botanicum. 1 3 • Cynoglofjum maximum montanum. Tiic greater mounume Hounds tongue. 5 . Cynoglojfum femptr virens. Ever greene Hounds tongue. Tr IB B 5' 6. CynoglojJiimfubrubiMCvcrficolorc (lore. Hounds tongue with party coloured flowers. 7- lynoglcflhrn Cretlcnm latifolium. Broad leafed Hounds tongue of Candy. The T heater of Tlants. C h a p , 19 . 8. Cynogloftum Crcticum angufiifoliam* Narrow leafed Hounds tongue of Candy. 10 . Cynoglojjam fore caruleo. Small Hounds tongue with blew tiow- rs. 5*3 the (lalkes at the bottotnies of them, arid (harpe at the point: on the toppe of the (hike flandeth a round hoary head, of the bigneffeof a reafonable apple, which opening it felfe, fheweth forth many woolly leaves, with red ribbes, (landing at the foote of the branches and (lalkes of flowers, which are of an excellent Vermillion red colour, [landing in larger and more woolly huskes, and arc more laid open like a llarre. Handing on both fides of the flalke, and not all on fide as the laft : the feede that followeth is fmaller and not fo rough, with a fmaller hollow middle : the roote is thicke and long, with a thicke blackifh barke, on the outCde, and a hard wooddy pith in the middle, of an unpleafant tafleas the leaves, bitter and aftringent and hairy at the head, which are the ribbes ofthe withered leaves: the roote fpringeth afrefh before Winter, after the leaves and (lalkes are all dre and withered. j. Cymgloffumfemper virens. Ever greene Hounds tongue. This Hounds tongue doth not much differ, from the common or ordinary fort, but that the leaves are alwayes frefh and greene, fomewhat long and narrow with a great whitifh greene ribbe in the middle, fmoothonthe upperfide, and more hoary underneath : the flalke at the firfi is but low, with many narrow long leaves, com- palling it about, but more tbinnely than in the former : the flowers are red, bur fomewhat larger than the ordi- nary, Handing in the like manner upon fmall branches that are writhed or turned like the Hetmropitim, or the firft kinde: the feede that followeth (landeth all on the onefide, and is fmaller and lcfl'e rough, bur the flalke is then growne much higher : the roote is blackifh, as the ocher: This hath no manner of hoarineffe, or isof fo ftrong a fentas the lad, and doth ipring forth with frefh leaves,bcfore theoldftalke with feede is quite dric and withered. 6. Cynogloftiimfubrubcnte verjicolore flore. Hounds tongue with party coloured flowers. This beautifulland rare Hounds tongue, from a fmall (lender wooddy roote, fhooteth forth divers heads, of foft hairy and fmaller leaves than the lad: the flalke rifeth up a foote and a halfe high, fet on both fides, with the like fmaller leaves than fhole below, the toppe whereof is parted into three branches offlowers, which are fmaller than the lad, but of ablu(h colour, (Iriped with long bloud red drakes, having the bottomes of them of a deeper blufh: the feede dandeth in the fame manner that others doe foure together in a huske, but they have the middle fomewhat raifed up, and fmall at the toppe, with a pointed thereat, and a large thinne circle or lid about them. 7. Cyncg/ojfam CrnicumUtifolium. Broad leafed Candy Hounds tongue. This Candian hath for the firfh yeareof thefpringing many leaves lying on the ground, fomewhat broad and not very long, with a long foote flalke to every one of them, foft, and covered with a whitifh (hining woolli- nefl'e, almoft like filver, and a thicke whitifh ribbe in the middle: but the next yeare after, the flalke rifeth from the middle of them, fet here and there with fhorter leaves compafling it at thebottome, and fo fmaller up to the toppe •• this flalke is branched from the middle upwards into divers others, that are crooked or writhed inwards, opening 5*4 C HAP . 19 , Tbeatrum Botanicnm. I R i B E. 5 v] opening by degrees as the flowers blow, which are toon but fomewhat lame 1. r . whitifh colour at the firft, with blufli edges, and in fome with pale purpliflf veines or (tripes, whichTfrerwafd* decaying grow wan or blew.fh, (landing m hoary cuppes, wherein after they are pad, the f ede groweth fo, t joyned together rough and cleaving to garments as in the tell, with a pointed in the middle : the Sis wood dy and penflieth after ,t hath given feede, fprmging from the feede that falleth of it felfc, but whifc Seen u°:StSa:trX!S TV n ^ Narrow leafed fWr Hounds tongue whTrin d r h , ath d,vers l0n ? a " d narr0W lcavcs > fomewhat broad at the end, and round pointed of a whit'llr g eene colour, lying nemo the roote upon the grcimd; from among which rifeth up a (hike infall, plants higher, m others lower, whereon grow without order, fuch like leaves butfhorter and leller co^oa^n ““ the f ? otc ° f them , : from , the middle whereof upwards, it (preadeth into branches, bearing fuch’like ffowerf ! as are in the ordinary fort, ending in five leaves, but of a paler red colour, with each of them five darke red thrrd ' m 45 m ' ddle : thc leede a , nd roote is fomewhat like the ordinary, but hath no evill fent like it or the laft h rht penflieth every yeare, and is lowed or rifeth of the fallen feede againe. ““" th,s ‘ , „ rI , 9 Cymglotfum minus five p„ftll„ m , Small Hounds tongue. gre'atr^ordi^rry^khndej^b^t'iTfmller in^alnhitigs/havin^fucM^k^leaves^fmallc^r and flborter ^ r ° m tb 5 i 1 more Alining : the flowers alfo being fmall, are of a pa'e red colour and Sell; Tn™ and ‘ cv,U a lent; this might be thought to be thus fmall from the barenne’fle oftbe foyle wherein k doth growls trict is not lo. for it is often found in che fame grounds where the prcatcr^rmupfh nnri \ • ? ow » hut planted, ot the feede fowen in gardens, it wil (till continue much & fmalle? than the other° " e " lg Clther tranf - TV 1, r Small Hounds tongue with blew flowers This other final Hounds tongue fendeth forth from a lmalllong but annuall rooTe one round fmall w flalke, fometirnes but a foote,and (ometimes two footehigh, brownifh below and arernr ^ , 3 ^> air y fet on both fide, without order, divers fmall and fomewhn are covered with a long hairy down,that is tough and flicking the middle ribhe beinn- (’ ' u wifli greene colour, middle, as others have, but very rough or prickly, ready to fticke upon any garment, as others will The V lace, , ?I C 5 rft g^'eth in moll places ofthe!and,in wall grounds and untilled places, as by high waves fides lanes and hedge (ides • the lecond in the •ow Countries in their oardenc • h f a > csl,aes ? lar,cs » Naples to the Southward: the fourth on the fame hills to the Northward ■ the fift in the fi, 0 *! ' m0U11 “ ln£s of hills in Germany and Naples alfo : the fixt grovveth onely at the fooK of a enat I m^^ 4 e wards, as Column* faith, who there obferved it: the feventh as bv thc name : t I'hnuW r " Ni !^ es .’ }° tbc S , outb ' knowledgcd as well herein, as in other plants; and w^ou^fblves have often^o fS d'd' er g°° dia ‘- Of Hounds tongue, not to beare flowers in the fame places that ottelt, ? J d ‘ VefS plan a u the ( . firft ( klnde belt Herbarifls m thefe dayes, there is now no doubt, but^^ that the comm™ a " d , ther 5 Por 5 b >'5 hc knew not that this his CymgU§um Diofcoridie, is Lrnpfis, that fometimes Hnrb ^ 3S 3 1 ° without flalke as hath been obfevredoftentimes.as well herein as i^oiXitflone"^ ^ fl ? WCrS ’ reft « h t ern, and /nSging the I„f, for the ted tootes fake! and oTt’ th.tgsfl^ b° £ ■"^ • Bookeand°8. ChS^(Tor buttes and Of the bed waters a gCS ’- ‘ S n0C yCt J knowne what is is) which beareth fmall yery little from the Sathiiml’to^eC^n^le^m^indlltAylMtelunexfa^ho Suet^he^lpilnla^]mdi^mMgH- flifolia , The Theater of Tiants. Chap,20. 5*5 F r r b mlifolia, to bcth % Cynogloffttm Diofcoridis , calling it Cynogloffttm ymrundam. The firft is generally called by all ^Authors,either Cynogloffttm, or kmlgare, or Cyrtogloffavttlgaris: the fecondisbut onely mentioned by Label in ; lisobfervations, under the title of Cynogloffttm maximum : the third is called by Fabius Colamna, Cynogloffa mart- wtana maxima fruridarum rcgiomtm, and by Baubinw Cynogloffttm fylvaticttmrttbente caule, becaufe he thinkethitis 11 the lame that Thaliut in Harcyniafylva, calleth Cynogloffttm [ylvatkttm Harcynicum, and the Cynogloffttm monta- WLium of Cafalpimu-.the fourth is called by Fabius Colamna Cynogloffa media montanaincana angnftifolia altera ; & by ' \\Batibinw Cynogloffttm gtobofo /forcsthefiftis called by the laid Colamna,Cynogloffa media trireme folio ,& by Baahmus Cynogloffttm femper virens: the fixt is alfo called by Colamna, Cynogloffa altera media fruFlttcoty/odcs,five Lydmodes, and by ’Batthinm Cynoglofttm frttttu ttmbilicato : thefeventhis called by Clttfim, Cynogloffttm Crettcum / ecundum, nd byUdithitiw Cynoglojfstm Creticttm latifolittmfietidum : the eight is called alfo by Clttfim Cynogloffttm Creticttm rimttfiy Camerarius in horto Cynogloffttm parvumcinerearn Creticttm, tby Colamna Cynogloffa media argent e a Ayala campejh it ■ and by Banbimts Cyrtoglojfttm Creticttm argenteofolio : the ninth is mentioned by Cordtts upon Diojco - brides, and by Label in his Adverfaria, calling it Cynogloffttm pitfillttm N arbonenfe, whom Lagdmenfiu followeth .- Sj the lad is very much confounded by 'Basthinus in his Pinax for his eight fpecies, which he calleth Cynogloffttm » medium, and faith it is the fame that Cordm upon Diofcorides cMethCynoglojfamtnor, and Canterarius Cyrtoglojfttm : Italicttmycad Lobe!,Lugdtsnenfis, and Eyfietenfis call (fynogloffttmpufillttm Narbottcnfe,vil\o all fay that it is like the Hi ordinary great one having fuchlike red flowers-,and yet he maketh the fame to b eChtfitu HsCynog/offam pamihtm I five Aujlriacum alteram,and alfo (folttmna his Cynogloffa minor montana ferotina altera Plini), who bath fay that II theirs have blew flowers, as the Elatineof Tragus,andtheLappalarafticorum of Lttgdttnenfis, which are both I one and the fame with it; this alfo Bauhinus hiinfelfe maketh his tenth fpecies, calling it Cynogloffttm minus, and ji there alfo making it to be the fame Cynogloffa Plini) of Colamna, before fetdowne; fo thatheconfoundeth them B much, maketh that fort with red flowers, to be the fame with that of Tragus and Lttgdanenfis which hath blew I flowers, and doth correfponde altogether with theirs, which etrour in him isufuall in many other places of his I Pinax, and nor in this onely. It is called by the Italians (f tnogloffa, and Lingua di canc, by the Spaniards Lartgua de H perro, by the French Ldngtte de chien ; by the GermansHttndfs zttngin ; by the Dutchmen Hants tonghe ; and we ill I Snglifh Hounds tongue generally, or of fome Dogges tongue. The Vermes. Hoiindstongueistemperatelycold,dryingandaftringent, andyethath amollifying qualitie. The roote is very efteflually ufed in pills as well as in decodfions orotherwife,to flay all fharpe and thin defluxions ofrhetime, from the head into the eyes or nofe, or upon the ftomacke or lungs, as alfo for coughs and fliortnes of breathjfor which purpofe the PilaU de Cynogloffa, cither of Mefaes or TraUianm defeription, or as ft is conceded by Feme - AVer, is Angular good, which is fet downe in this manner, Take of Myrrhe five drammes,XIII. Cerinibe, Honywort. Lthough in former dayes there was bnt one in thefe onr dayes, there have beene fome other forts found out, and pub¬ lished by CInfius y and fome others alfo not untill now expreffed by any; and although Ceftter firflr, and Bmhirm following’him, doe call it C ynoglojfttm montmmm, and thereupon joy- neth it next thereunto,yet by comparing the flowers, I finde it therein mod: to refemble the Comfryes, and therefore I have interpofed it betweene them. I. Cerinthe major flore luteo & rubro. The greater yellow and red Honywort. The greater party coloured Honywort, rifeth up vvith divers thicke, hairy flalkes, almofl two foote high, whereon are fet large long leaves, of a blewifli greene colour, fpotted with great white fpors, round at the further ends, and fo much compafling the flalkes at the lower end, that it feemeth to goe thorough them, fet with fome fmall prickes or thornes thereon,and a little hairy withall: the flalkes are branched toward the toppes into other fmaller ones, full of leavts but much fmalier, whofe ends doe turne inwards like the Turnefole heads; at every leafe whereofcommeth forth a long hollow flower, like unto aComfrey flower and as great, which in fome are all yellow, with a reddifh circle about the middlethereof; but in others from the middle for¬ ward is of a yellow colour, the other part next the llalke being of a purplifh red colour, with fome chreds in the middle, tailing fweete like Hony, wlerewich Bees are much delighted, each of them Handing in a greene luske divided into five parts at the toppes, in which after they are pad grow the feede, two for the mofl part fee together, greater than Burrage leede, blackifh, a little cornered and fiat at the bottome, where it is joyned to the huske; kind'e of Cermtbe knownc, ot two at the mod, yet lince the the roore is fomewhat great and thicke, fpreading many fibres within the ground, but perifheth every yeare af¬ ter feede time. 2. Qerinthe minor flore luteo & rtibro . The leffer red and yellow Honywort- This lefier Hony wort, hath his branches both fhorter and leaning downewards, not (landing upright, whereon grow long greene leaves, without any fpots on them, and lefier than the former; the tops of the oranches are as full ofleaves and flowers as the former,but turne not in the fame manner:the (lalkes thatfuftaine the flowers,and fo likewife the fmail leaves at the foote of every flalke, are fomewhat purplifh, but the huske wherein the flower ftandeth is greene,cat into five divi(ions,the flower is long andhollow like the former,and almolt as great, of a gold yellow colour, dented at the ends, and with a red or deepe crimfon circle about the middle of them : the feede that folio weth is like the former, but a little lefier • theroote is long and full of fibres, perifhing every yeare. 5. Cerlntbe major flavo flore. The greater yellow Hony wort. This yellow Hony wort rifeth up with a reafonable’great ftalke, branched on all fides from the bottome to the toppe, many of the lowermoft lying upon the ground, and the other (landing more upright, whereon are let large and long blewilli greene leaves, fpotted as the former is, but not fo large at the bottome, whei e they com- pafie the flalkcs, yet having fome prickles in the middle thereon as they have, and a little hoary about the brimmes or edges; the toppes of the branches doc bend downewards fet withfmall leaves andflovyers at them as the former, and as grear,but without any circle or bottome of purple, being wholly of a faire yellow colour, with fuch like threds as the reft have; the feede is like the former, and fo is the roote alfo perifliing after feede time in the fame manner. 4 Cerlnthe m inor flavo flore . The lefier yellow Hony wort. This fmalier Hony wort hath a flenderer ftalke than the former, neare two foote high, fet with finaller, nar¬ rower yet fpotted leaves thereon without order,one above another on both fides of the ftalkes, which fpreadeth into many fmail but longer branches, from the middle thereof thicke fet with leaves and flowers, which are like the laft, all yellow but fmalier, and dented at the brimmes of them ; after which come fuch like feede as the laft, hut fmalier:the roote hereof is likewife white and long,and that which grew in my garden,did not abide the firft Winters blaft, and molt ufually perifhed at the firft therewith, yet Cluflm faith that his lefier yellow fort, wheb he found wild in the fields of Auftria and Stiria , did fometimes abide greene in the Winter. 5, Ccrintbe major flore purnurantc. The purple Hony wort. The purple Hony wort groweth very likethe great yellow kinde, with low bending branches, and fomewhat large blewifli greene (patted leaves, like as the reft have .* the flowers (land in the fame manner that the reft doe, and as large, wholly of a darke purplifh colour, on the fuperficies whereof is a little whitenefie perceived •* the- feede that followed! is like the other,but greater than any of them? and two for the moft part (landing together Y y 1 ira ChaP. 24 » 1 heatrum Botanicum. i R I B S • 5 . in a huske, flat at the bottome, the roote perifhethevery yeareTand muff benew fowen a°aine oCennthe minor flare alfo. White Honywort. This f‘mall Honywort hath divers weake and (mall branches, leaning or rather lying dowr.e noon the a fet with fuch like pale greene leaves, but leffer than the former, vvhofe white foots are not foeaK grCund > to be feene asm many of the other: the flowers are white long and hollow Sketliembmfo | P “T®” 8 difli circle about the middle of the flower, and {landing with greene leaves,and wherein after they are part, come very likefeede, but not halfe To meat as the lad 7 tllcr «». flender, and white, perifhing every yeare after it hath given feede. ^ liltewifeis long. The Vtace, 'ru c n 1 ne riace, Thefitftas C//#r faith, groweth generally throughout Artie* of Spume plentifully, and in feme , i Portingall alfo: the fecond is not knowne from what place it came hnr ,,, 9 Lpi„ ni aL j . in ^ aces of f. HogheUndKis garden : the thirdC/„/,» faith Sd in the K^'gdome of faith ltgrowech in Monte Talatino it 'floiw.as alfo in Germa n n rJ j in opaiae. Gefmrmhcrti, fotmd it in divers fields of AufirU and Stiria, where fometimes it would outdid a" Wma-Zd wf* X'n m Bohenra* and clivers parts of Hnnoary ; the fife and fivr Pmur in Hiv^r* c c V and faith them, by CndUume } Ll h,sdiligfncemfindi^them^uhere P ^ fro “ whence we had The Time, They doe all flower in 7«/y and ^kc«/?, vet fometimes fn Hr? . . i them but the red, ifthe yejre prove warmeaionrfi^and wet whhaM < rn rf 01 g c^ er gt f d of any of if the Sommer be drie to bring them forward the foonei npCn them ' ° r be not well watered quarto (forgicorum in thefe words, ‘ 00 ^ e aid 12 * Chapter, and Virgil i n -Thictu j ft [Jos ajpergefagores, Trita (JA'Ieliphjlla & Cerinthe ignobile of amen, and not granum as fome rcade it; whereby is underftood that it is a bafe nr „. Pr j P i . whereas grade, for fo divers herbes are named grade. Many learned men i weede or herbe, growing every about Pan,, where they nurfb it in their gardens have called , G /' m y ™ d France, efpeciaily ofniofemdes. Bodonaut fu PP° fi "g « t°be the tI C ?‘ whereof in his 4 6 4 Chapter, he maker!, five forts, and this to be the fourth^ burVtT?' fT't ° f 1^ /Avicm to meane no other herbe but eitheraiur Borage or Busloffe ■ he faith alfn rhi C/ ^ W(a,th tbath e ca keth the Leucographis P/ mJ , whereof hec maketh mention in his a 7 fiooke and 11 cl T 7 f' agree vvith fpotted white; fome alfo hec faith tooke it to be Memithali the Arabtl, Vut r/ are GUucmm Gracornm , Gefner, as I faid before in hmi, Germania {i rh ir c,n» ^ feppofeth that to be *r± M * ; a » d ^uhinm thereuponcallethit Cynogloffnmmental L cLr* if T^ O*’?*/** of Borage or Buglofle, whereof in temperature he faith it is neareft T)alccLVu^T'tT^Ti tothek,ncle s the, a cerco ipfimflorefic appe/lata : but the mold ufttall and common name w h^chv ?r°; C ^ ale ” li “ ,a to be Cerm- dayes is Cerinthe, and Pliny added, becaufe the moftand bed Herbaiifts dne rinnt/jr 1 8 gcnt;rall P callcd n ow a fcription. The firft is called Cerinthe major by Lobel^Camerariw and K J^ke P eonies neareft unto his-5e- vcrfialorc florc, and Banhinm Cerinthe feu Cynoololfum montanum ’main ■ w Cerinthe tjuarmiUm major whereof he maketh mention in his other Appendix, which is foyned to his Rnn^/fr^ IS h ' s kl ''ide, himt! calleth it Cerinthe folio non mncul.no viridi ■ the third Until, rslWlIr B ° t o ( Exot,cke things ; and Ban. •Bnnhinu, Cerintheflm/fiavorferiir : the fourth iscalledbv CluRufc^tT ^ ?“ r " W ‘ Iro ’"‘‘j"/**>&»■', and Cnmernrine and wij, Cerinthe ^ L ° M Clufius in his hiflory of plants, and called by Bnuhintts Cerinthe fore ruhro oZ’L c'f ^ C t o lr . d CmKti >e of taut, or remembred by any Author, * 1 we ^tngthl’Rrti'tovlhomiz vias'btouphr^t^P^iiJineU^ryn 01 P et J" x “ before remembred, The Vermes ' was brought out of Spume by Guillaume Boel They are all of a temperate qualitiebetweene cold and hot, but rather inri;n,'n„ g u j r , gent Wlthall, it is held good to flay the bleedings at the mouth or nofe ! 5 “ 3 " d fom f what a(lr; ”- and the fluxes or laskes of the belly, the herbe being boyled and viven r ft . a P"' om£ " s ^moderate fluxes, with a little faffron diffolved therein, is good for bleared and wfrerinoe drink ,: ^ tbe ,ierbe they are clenfed, to helpe to incarnate thej, efpeciallyfch “ d ^ l " e ^ apply it as a remedie whereuntoBorrage and BuglofTeare good. P/il, and b ,° dy S r onie doe tioned, did affirms that Bees are much delighted with the flowers bein/fwee^ * C P v,‘ aCCS beforeirlcn - morc then from any other flowers, doe gather both Hony and Waxe and r h™ ^ :m as or likely, tooke the name of Cerinthe, ' ’ d thereupon peradventure it is more Chap. X XIV- Sjmphitum majrn . Great Comfrey. IXr ff many / 0rtS0 J f J ^' Wcalled and Sclidago, that is major minormdmedia a mm j ’> a u er> ai 7 d a middle one : as alfo another kinde called Symphitttmpetr^m «-W»n*' 7 vV b the fields and ditches fides of our owne land, others nurftdup onely Sdens^Aus!^ ty g,CWi ” 6 W ’ Id ’ by I. Sjmphi- Tr i b e . 5, The Theater of Tlanis. Chap. 24 525 1 . Smphitam majm vu'gmt. 3; *J l «pWniM Common great Comfrejf. ComtKy wnllinobbed rootes. t. SymphitummajM vulgAre. Common great Comfrey. The common great Comfrey hath divers very large and hairy darkegreene leaves lying on the ground, fo hairy or prickly, that if they touch any tender part of the hand, face, or other part, it will caufe it to itch; the (hike thatrifeth up from among them, being two or three foote high, hollow and cornered, is very hairy alfo, having many fuch like leaves as grow below, but leffer and leffer up to the toppe; at the joints of the (hikes it is divided into many branches, with lome leaves thereon, and at the ends (land many flowers in order, one be¬ fore or above another, which are fomewhat long and hollow, like the finger of a glove, of a pale whitith co¬ lour, after which come (mall blacke feede : the rootes are great and long fpreading great thicke branches under ground, blacke on the outfide and whitifli within, fhort or eafie to breake, and full of a glutinous or clammy juyce, of little or no talk at all. 2. Syntpbitxmmajus purpurea fare. Great Comfrey with purple flowers. This Comfrey difkrech iji no other thing from the former, but in this that it is fomewhat leffer, and the flowers are of a pale purple colour. ?. Sympbimmtxb'rofum. Comfrey with knobbed rootes. The knobbed Comfrey rifeth up with a hairy crefled or cornered flalke, much lower thin the former, with fmaller leaves, and more thinnely fet thereon, of the fame forme and greeneneflc, that thereby it may attlefirft fight, to any that hath well marked the former, be knowne to be a Comfrey; but efpecially when the toppe branches are in flower, which being fee after the fame manner, and of the fame hollow fafhion, but fmaller, are ofa more fad yellowifh colour, whofe (eede following is like the former; the rootes branch out into thicke and fliort fprayes, more knobbed at the ends with divers fibres thereat, blacke on the outfide and yellowifh within, fraught with (Itch clammy or flimie juice, as is in the former, but not fo glutinous, yet as tender or eafie to be broken as it, or rather more eafie ■■ the flalke and leaves dye downe every yeare as they doe in the formi r: the roote abiding and increafing in the ground, and (hooting forth new ftalkes and leaves every Spring .- fome doe Minor make alelfer fort hereof,which I never law, nor can be well affnred thereof. 4. SympbAtHm angujlifolium Apulum. Narrow Comfrey of Napier, This narrow leafed plant Columns maketh an Alkanet like an Scbium, yet from the vifcousorflimybin- j’r j *°“ er * n § ) u ' cc in the roote, may (as hee faith himfelfe) therefore be accounted rather a Comfrey and fo doe I among them with the defeription thus. Theroote while itis young is reddifh, but growing old is long and wooddy, greater than the fmallnesof the plant might feeme to have with a blacke rugged barcke, in, which fendeth from it fundry heads of narrow long leaves round about it with a whitifh hairineffe on them,from among fome of which rife reddifh ftalkes of a foote or more high, with fomewhat broader leaves up higher thereon, at the toppes whereof which turne themfelves like to a Scorpions taile, grow many hollow long, yellow flowers, opening at the brimmes into five parts, all of them flowring one after another with a long potntell in the middle of them, after which come foure blackiflr bro wne fmooth feeds in each huske. Tbi K .! 524 Chap.25, Tbeatrum Botanicum. T RIBS.' TheT 3 lace. Both the former grow by ditches and waterfides, and in divers fields that are moift, for therein chieflv.!,. dehghttogrow, the firft generally through all the land, and the other but infome feveral! pl acc tS r S S the Woods of Cernay Austria and but in gardens onely with us. the laft m the ftony places S. falls of iy£qtiicolt in staples on the Southiide. 1 * P iaces ot the! The Time, They flower in Ittnc and Iulj } and give their feede in August. The Names. It is called in Greekb r and fjmphitum, a facultategUtinmdific ditl um un j. r , , , hit Lem,,, It is alfo called as ©zo/cw.^jfatthwwrfr.orwmV, peBos or feSat Pliny faith it was rail 5 ' and Alum, and Is alfo of fome called */<^», and of S cribmim Largut Imla ntJHca, /f fome as DedonlZZu OpocoUan ; and VnEhtofa from the Germane word Schmermtrtz ,; but the moftufuall name is hv all t faitf, > ada.es, either Sjmphitim or Confoltli major ■ that with purple flowers is called m M , and the white fTmZJ "-7 ‘ econd is fo called by molt,as is in the title The laft fort I have tranfpofed hither, with a new title as be Z'J a 1 for it in my judgement, although both C./», and B.whinw make it an Ancbufa, for fome reafons fef T g fi teft ’ the defcnpuon c. l»m» callcth it Anchufa echioides Into* Cerinthe flore montane ,and Beuehinm CeZllltZ™ ' The fr,:/.re call it O onfoltda maggme, the Spaniards SueUa, and Gufuetiamajore, the French (LrZr j' „Cf M ’ an n d °r ,l ‘ d , /1fur ) the G " mms CHroelhoHHz,, SchwrtWHru, Scbjerwtm* SchantmS ’*7 ' we lien > the D mehlVaclwortole J m Englijlj Comfrey. a Bern., . The Vertues . . ^ e S reat ComFrcy is asfomefay, cold in a temperate degree, and others fay hot. which is nnt ^ - but drying and binding m a greater meafure, for it helpeth thofe that fpit blood^or that bleede at the m ^ I, * that make a bloody urine: as alfo for all in ward hurts, hruifes and wounds, andhelpeth^S^FTi** canting the fleagme that oppreffeth them, tobeealily fpit forth, the roote being boyled in water or ,, H “"f* fame alfo dmnke, ftayeth the defluxions of rheume from the head upon the Lungs/the flaws of bln 7 J mours by the belly womens immoderate conrfes, as welltheredsas the whitef/and* thcZ^l°Z ha ‘ rung of the tames, happening by what caufe foever: A fyrupe made thereof is very effeftualf for all ,h r 7 gnefes and hurts; and the diftilled water for the fame purpofe alfo, and for outward wound, ™f f‘ nm [ d fltfliy or fine wy parts of the body wherefoever, as alfo to take away the fits of aeues and m S n S 10 of humours : a decoflion of the leaves hereof is available to all the purposes althounb not fn r ff rootes = o™, faith, that two ounces of the juice drunke, doth muchgoodln the LeSv fleepe; the rootes being outwardly applyed, helpeth frefl, wounds or cuts immediate y -'beb^hr, It" 0 ' H 5-Ta her th f Cir h ' ps - and is cf P ecia!l S° od for ruptures and broken bonZAZfu to be fo powerfull to confolidate or Knit together, whatsoever nepfiri-Vi tniffi«rr t-i-n* 'c u J^^^tisfaid diflevered peeces of flefh in a pot, itw.lljoyne them togeth" a 1 " i ‘ s'gfod’To et^d^ breads that grow foreby the aboundance of milkecomming into them : as alfo ?o repreffeThe J W ,°£ ens ding of the hemorrhoids, to eoole the inflammation of the pans thereabouts, and to g ve eafe ofS* 7 rootes of Comfrey taken frelh, beaten fmall, fpread upon leather, andlaidupon aw place ronL P fl n gout, doe prefently gwe eafe of the paines; and applyed in the fame manned giveth eafe to n^nerT W ‘ th ^ Chap. XXV. 'BuguUfive Conjotid a media. Bugle or the middle Confound. His browne Bugle is fo like unto the PrmietU or Selfeheale rim. j,,. orr c n . , , J to one and lo h we confounded them together,*ev h™ f«™d m calling this Confolih media and the other C.onfohda minor • 1 \ i _ 1 intguiffi them, S call alfo, whick»lllikewifcbefflSoftafa^^?fe ,re ^ T ^S? that ^ P <> * fer notably one fromanother, have difpofed o( Chapter, and of the lefler in the next. intreatln S °* the greater in this T .- p . . , , 1. VKgKlet vHlgarieJlorectrHleo. Ordinary blew flowred Bugle This Bugle hath larger leaves then thofe of the PrmelU or Selfe heale bur el (hof rt f.,frw a little longer, in fome greene on the upperlide and in others more bro’wnilh dented a^r^S. 10 A ^ r thCr what hairy as the fquare ftalke is alfo, which rifeth up to be halfe a vearrl r C • b c C h f dges ’ fomc ' thereon by copies j from the middlealmoftwhereof^upwards ftandlfl 8 fomet,me > ^ with fuch leaves and browner leaves then the reft on the ftalke below, fetat diftances^and^theZlke hZh’1’ W ‘ th fma “ er which flowers are alfo fmall ones as thofe of Selfe heile u ’ ar, u tlle ftalke bare betweene them, among oned like the flowersVfAlSe orfrln ’ "w u ^ blc w‘‘h,“ d fometimeofan afh-colour, fifhi- compofedofma 7 ftrinos aiK?ihreadethuoon^hearennH ' ome Pmallround hlackilh feede: the roote is ,S an0thcr whofe leaves!,ar ’ e l °»S« then thel'e, and de^er demedfrboutXedges ab ° Ut ' ° f th ‘ S tIl£re favir. that th , „ ft.lkcs ihereot aw d W awa gr«ne and never biowne like the other, atidtharlhe'flowersafe voywhice 3 ^ TH.v .i, v i j a- a g ul ‘‘jl°rccanteo. Bugle with blulh coloured flowers ' 4, Bugul* R IBE.^, 4. Bugula A/pina cmrulea, Blew mountaine Bugle. - rhe mountaine Bugleis not unlike the other, having lonS« and thicker leaves, efpecially at the bottomes of ! cm, feeming for the fmallnefle to be footeftalkes, dented do about the edges,and (omewbat hard or hairy, thinnely ) t by couples upon the (quare hairy (hikes,a foote high or lore, at the toppes whereof the flowers (band in fpikes, rererfet together then the former, and of a blew colour, trihioned like unto the reftjthe roote is long, with divers fi. les thereat. 5. Bugula flare hitca. Bugle with yellow flowers. This yellow Bugle is fmaller then any of the former by |uch, having rounder leaves upon the (hikes, and dented out the edges like unto them : the flower is yellowifti, nding in the fame manner that the reft doe. 6 . Bugula odorata Lufltanica, Swecte Portingall Bugle. This kinde of Bugle rifeth up with three or foure round id hairy (hikes about a foote high, at the joynrs whereof grow leaves by couples, which are long hairy, and divided r tome on both Tides into two or three gafibes, each bow- | ig backe a little, the largeft leaves are lowed, and fmaller r ill up to the toppes, where among the great fpikie heads nfflowersthey areveryfmall •, the flowers are of a violet 'Urple colour, formed hollow with lips as it werehang- ng downe, fomewhat like the former Bugles, ftandingin uppes, wherein afterwards grow white (cede, which by owing it felfe doth often rife againe, for it is but annuall, he roote is compofed of many blacke fibres: all the whole plant hath a very pleafant frnt. The Place . The firfl and fecond grow in woods and wet copfes, and fields generally throughout England in many places, but the fecond is harder to be met withall. The third groweth in Auftria and fome other places of Germany as Cluflus faith. The fourth upon Mount Baldus. The fifth isfaid to grow with us, and the lad in Portugal! The Time. They all flower from May untill Inly, and in the meane rime they perfeft their feedc, the roote and leaves next thereunto upon the ground, abiding all the Winter, untill the next Spring. The Hamer. It hath no Greeke name or author, that wearecertaineof, but is called in Latine in thefe times C onfolida media, and Solidago media ( but there are many herbes that arc called Qonfolida and Solidago, from their vertues as you draft findethem remembred in their (overall Chapters ) and Bttglum or Bagla, as Rue/liu< faith the French were wont to call it, and more ufnally now adaies Bugula-, but fome as I faid before confounded this with Pru¬ nella, making them all one : fome alfo tooke this to beSympbitnmpetraum of Diofcoridet, to which it anfwereth in nothing to his defeription, as you (hall hcare hereafter in the next Chapter, cMatth'ioliu calleth it Laurcnuna or Hcrba Laurentina. Some would have it to be Qhammifflm flic at a P Unq. lib. 74. c. 15. and others to be his Anonymos.lib. ly.c. 4. The firfl: is called by Tragus Prunella carulcaprima, ve/mojor, and as he faith is the Pru¬ nella Argentincnjis , by Thalius Confolida media major, by ‘Dodonaw and Cluflus Bugula, by Label and Pena Bur. il¬ ia and Prunella qtiibufdam, by Anguillara Arthretica PandePlarijfljy mod writers Confolida media pratnfls cerul.-i, ft he third is mentioned by Cluflus with the name Bugula camel calorie fl'ore, by Thalius Confolida media minor, by Tragus Prunella purpurea v el quart a as Ban finite thinketh, who calleth it him felfe Confolida media pratetfl pur¬ purea, The fourth Bauhimu deferibeth in his Matthiolm and Prodromus. The fifth is remembred onely by Bern- bimts in his Prodromus, that he had it out of England. The la(t is mentioned by lacobus Cornutus, among hi: Ca¬ nada Plants. By the Italians it is called Confolida meroana, and of them of Siena as Oifatthio/us faith, CM or undo la, by the French Bugle, by the Germanes Gunnel, and (gulden Cfunzel, by the Dutch Sevegroen, in Snglifh Bugle or Browne Bugle, and Middle Cumfrey or Confound. TheVtrtues. Bugle is temperate in heate, but drying moderately, and is fomewhat aftringent. It is of excellent ufe for thole that have caught any fall, or are inwardly bruiled, for it diffolveth the congealed blood, and difperfeth ic by taking the dccoiftionot the leaves and flowers made in wine; the fame is no lelfe effefluall for any inward, wounds, thrufts or ftabbes into the body or bowels,and is an efpecallhelpe in all wound drinkes, as alfo for thole that are Liver growne as they call it, whofe inward griefes and paines arife from the obftruftions of the Liver, and gall, and (trengtheningrhe parts afterwards ; it is wonderfull in curing aft manner of ulcers and fores, whe¬ ther they be new and frelh, or old and inveterate, yea gangrenes and fiftulaes alfo, either the leaves'bruiled and applycd, or their /nice ufed to wadi and bathe the places; andthe fame made into a lotion with fome Irony of roles andallomecureth all fores of the mouth or gums, be they never fo foule or ot’long continuance.ic worketh no Idle powerfully and effectually, for fuch ulcers and fores as happen in the Secret parts of men or women: it helpeth thofe alfo tuat have broken any bone of their body, or have any diflocation ofa Joynt, both ufed inward-* ly, and applyed outwardly; an ointment made with the leaves of Bugle, Scabious,and Sanide, bruiled and boy- led C'hAP.26. Theatrum Botanicum. RIBS 3 . Bugula flare c Bugle with blulh coloured flowery. 6. Bugula odor at a Lufi tunica. a weete Portingali Bugle. nan in the land.that would do !»nnd either “ er I would not wifli any good led in Axung helpe and meancs to procure it,to be without this ointment alwavesu hind h T'u " £1 g hb °r Vhat want fo much good,fot beyond the Sea in Frame and Germany it is a U 1 ™ t ’ ‘ C h n h u° ne would doe neither Phrfition to cure their inward difeafes.nor Chiruroion to heine tlf m ^ am0ngi i the “ uhat tb <-y neede Chap. XXVI. Prunella jive Qonfollda minor . Selfeheale, T . r , r , 1 ' P run ‘U a vulgarie. The common Selfeheale pale blew colour, in fome places fweete, but not Coin othe?^ he route clnfiftl f fh ^- P ’ ° r 2 “* downewards, and fpreadeth (fringes alfo whereby it encreafeth theSftalk«Vk°VT y ^ 0t fibrCS -^*dS^S!sSs^ jtssria sS^^-^awsasss-a-*-^ ■ ™ eVS ’ and lometlmes more at every joynt thereof, up to the toppe, which are Tome what greater and Tribe 5. The Theater of "Plants. C H A P. 2 6 . 527 ' £-runctia Lactmatofolio fivcSymphitum pctt'xum LobeJij a Selfeheale with jagged leaves. and longer than thofe ofthe former: the heads of flowers at the tops are much greater than in the former, but made after the fame fafhion, with fmall browne leaves among the flowers, but greater and more open and difplayed, ■which in fome are of a blewifh purple colour, in other ( more pale, or almoft blew or pale blew: after which come 1 foure fmall feedes fee together in a huske: the roote is I blackc with white fibres thereat (hooting forth anden- 1 creafing new heads of leaves every yeare. 4. Prunella magnet fore albo. Selfeheale with a great white flower. This felfeheale likewife differeth from the lad onely in : heade and flowers, for the fmall loaves are greenc, and the flowers white, as in the ordinary fort before, y. Prunella Laciniatofolio. Selfeheale with jagged leaves. The (hikes of this Selfeheale are likewife fquare and hairy as the leaves fet thereon by couples at the j'oynts, the lowed whereof are long and whole without any cut or jagge in them, all the red. being longer and narrower, are cut in or j’agged on the (ides, and the higer leaves more divided or cut: the heads are like thofe of the common fort, and of the fame forme and bignelfe, but varying in colour as both the former forts doe ; for fome plants are found with purplith flowers, others morede- iaied like blew, fome betweene blew and white, like an afh colour; others altogether white : the roote hereof is like the other, and encreafeth by the (hooting dririgs, that put forth frefh leaves every yeare. The 1 - lace. The two fird are found in woods and fieldes every where, yet the fecond much more feldome than the for¬ mer ■■ the third and fourth, and fo likewife the lad, on di¬ vers hills and parts of Germany and trance. The Time. The two fird forts flower in May, and fometimes in Aprill, the other fort, fomewhac later, as for the mod part all mountaineherbes doe. The Names. This is generally called Prunella (for it was not knowue to the ancient Greeke or Larine Writers, tbatcan yet be found) and TSrmella from the Germans, who called it Brumetlen, b caute it cureth that difeal’e whith they call die 'Brunt, common to fouldiers in campe, but efpccially in garifon, which is an inflammation of the mouth, throate, and tongue, with blackneffe therein, accompanied for the mod part with a drong burning feaver, and didraff ion of the lenfes : it is alfo called Confolida minor , and Solidaao minor, and of Camer.tr us Confolida minima. Label and fome others alfo with him, tookeitefpecially that withj'agged leaves to be Sy» phitum petreum of Tiofcorides which that it cannot be, you {hall heare the defeription thereofas T Hofccrides givctli it; (that is Sym. phitum petraum') groweth faith he in rockie and dony places, with Render fmall branches like Origanum, and with the heads and leaves of Time; it is all woody, fwelling fweete and pleafant in tade, yet drawing water in¬ to the mouth : and caufing one to fpit it out: the roote is fomewhat reddifh or browne, ofthe length of a finger ; yet fome coppies have, it hath branches like Origanum and fmatl leaves and heades like Time: this is Diofcorides his text: but this herbe Selfeheale.hath no wooddy dalkes,nor reddifh rootes,nor finelleth fweete except in fome places, nor doth it fo drongly confolidate or knit flefh together, as the great Gomfrey doth ; which is one of the properties Diofcorides appropriateth unto Symphytum vetrsum. Lobel therefore fird imagined that the Coris sjfylonjpelienjium Ihould be it; Bauhimss alfo after him faith he did, but afterwards he learned that Matthiolm his Symphitum petrsmmivjas much differing,his figure being of Coris lutca. The fird and fo the reft are called Brunella, by Brunfeljius ,ZJ odonsus and Label, by Tragus Prunella vulgaris, and fo by all /Authors,only as I laid before, Label in his Adverfaria calleth this laft, Symphytum petraum and Bauhinw Prunella Laciniato folio. The Vertues. The Selfeheale being fo like the Bugle as I faid in outward forme, is no Idle like it in the qnalitie and ver¬ tues being by the bitterneffe taken to be hot anddrie.and yet temperate in both degrees, and by fome thought to be rath er more cold, in regard it is fo powerfull tohelpefuchanhotfickncfleas the (germane difeafe, called die Bruen, which as hath bin in fome part faid before, commeth with inflammation and Iwelling both in the mouth and throate, the tongue rough and rugged or blacke,and a fierce hot continUall ague thereon, which is remedied ehiefely by drinking the deco&ion of this herbe continually,and wafhing the mouth often alfo therewith, having fome vinegar added unto it; but bloud letting mud: beufed in the cure, and that under the tongue, without Which it will not, or very hardly be effected: this herbe ferveth for all the purpofes whereunto Bugle is applied, and with as good fucceffe both inwardly and outwardly: for inward wounds and ulcers wherefoever within the body : for bruifes and falls, and other fuchgriefes, for if it be accompanied with Bugle, Panicle, and other the like wound herbes it will be the more effeftuall and to wadi or inj'edt into ulcers, in the parts outwardly, for where there is caufe to repreffe the heate and (harpeneffe of humours, flowing to any fore, ulcer, inflammation, fwelling or the like ; or to day the fluxe of bloud in any wound or any part, this is ufed with good fucceffe, as alfo to clehfe the fouleneffe of all fores, and to caufe them the more fpeedily to be healed: it is an efpeciall re¬ nte dy 528 Ch A P. 27 , T heatrum Fotanicum. T R I B E K *5 Ml' 1 the juyce hereofuled with oyleof RoL Tannoint^he^'°f'Tff 6 P' acc , froln any f “" bcr ‘"convenience hcad-ach, and the fame /nice tmxedwitha iS if V ,8 , ve , r >'^' aua11 “ remo ™ th ( tnouth and throate, and chofe alfo in the fecrct parts - the ' Cnfeth ^ and hca ' cth a11 "leersand lores in the is made as often with this herbe inftead of Bugle 7 fit be nor 7 ^ “ f formcr L Cha P® together, to ferve to hel dc broken hnn^e J • *- notat hand, or if it be, yet they are oftentimes both pu 1 others whereof i whkh are fitter Pot this than that place , and for^nfrl i m ° reW, 777f h ,7 ei,: , fit , t ' :rtC ' J ’ oyne tlleir Cha P ter "ext unto the laff, becaufe lome of them are called Confohda , which I would fet altogether. 1. BeM,major vulgari,fivefyhejhu. The great white wild Daifie. nV lODP n3rrn\xr anH rnnnH Itf/orai, ..L _ j 1 Hi ; - ■ i Ftcre Qkw. The prear whirr* u ™* pr z ' ul l ar ”P ve Jy Lve Jt™. The great white wild Daifie. tnaSfeel Imofl hke^ 77 ‘°" g ?7° W , and round pointed leaves next the ground.cut inonboth fide.; with divers le7e The ernf l, 7 T ° f W 0 ™. of ,° J akcn leaves > thc falkes g™w to be fomewhat high! flowers each upon feveraIIfnnrpft^T a er a !?^. leffer dlv,dcd ^ an the lower > ^ the toppes whereof grow large yellow thrummes in the middU ° n g °f n !- any whire and , . larrow leaves as a pale or bordtr, and the winde ; therooteisabulT, of h° l J5 > r entata| l'.''’hofe feede which is fomewhat long isblowenaway with the Spring anew Of this Itinderh It 7 rln S es > which abide many Winters with the leaves, (homing forth every vvhic^is fetTotth inm^formcr^ookeT tbaC bearecb doub l e lowers differing from the former in nothing ellb ThisDaifie'eroweth7worT?° r ^°(l <, i a,W ' mounta ‘ ne great Daifie with (harpe pointed leaves, dented, nor (liarpc about the L7" 7 fo ™ er > . and hath ““eh narrower leaves, and fhorter alfo, not deepely fomewhat lcfie than the former“bu’t eife in aTfhTngs 2““ P °‘ nt 5 th£ beare bUt ° ne floW£r ape£ce ’ i .Belli, major vulgari, Jive fylveftrii. The great white wildc Daifie. 4, Beilis major ramo / a umbellifera Americana. The great ftrange white Daifie. IK. IB The Theater of Tlants. ChAP.27» 52^ 7. Beilis mcije jpinofaflore luteo mido. The greater yellow D.ufie with prickly leaves. 3. Belli] Lipina major rigido folio. The greater mountaine Dailie with fharpe edged leaves. The leaves of this Daifie are longer and narrower then the firft fort, whofc dented edges are very fharpe, and leaves harder in handling, the endes in fome are pointed, in others fomewhat rounder: the toppes of a (hikes are furnifhed with finjgle flowers like the firft, butlargerthen it: the lcede isfmalland long like it, 11 the rootes are blackifh with ({rings or fibres thereat, being fomewhat hard and wooddy. 4, liellii major ramofa umbellifera Americana. The great Arrange white Dailie. he (hike of this great Daifie is higher and greater then of the firft great fort, the leaves alfo are larger, and ladeft towards the ends, but longer and fmaller at the bottoines, dented likewife about the edges, (hoo- ; forth fundry branches, and all of them bearing many white flowers at their toppes, as it were in an umbel!, not fo great, nor the white leaves fo large as it, but fmaller, and more in number, with a greenifh yellow ummeinthe middle, and fome a little larger then others, the feede is fmaller then the other, and the roots (1 offibres. ■ 5. Belli] Alpina minor rigido folio. The fmaller great Mountaine Daifie with rigid leaves, his mountaine Daifie is very like unto the laft bnt that it is e, growing fcarfe a foote high, with hard or harfh nar- or fhort leaves,deepely and (harpely dented at the edges: :ftalkeshaveeachof them one large flower, madelikethe t, whofe border of white leaves, have fometimes yellow, d fometimes purpiifh yellow thrums in the middle. 6 . Bellis maritima folijs Agerati. The final! Sea Daifie with CMdtdeime leaves. This final! Sea Daifie, rifeth with a f'mall downy ftalke, not ove half’e a foote high,divided into two or three very (mail d long branches, at the bottome whereof grow a few very rail leaves, dented about the edges, very like unto the ives atMeuddine, the reft ofthe ftalkes and branches, be- g bare or naked of leaves unto the toppes, every one where- beare one final! flower, having above twenty finall white aves, compafiing a greenifh head in the middle : the roote lmall and white. 7 . Beilis major jpinofafore luteo mido. The greater yellow Daifie with prickly leaves.’ This prickely leafed Daifie fpringeth up with divers heads, f many fmall greene leaves, dented about the edges, and ,-ery dent (harpe at ihe point,which fhooting up into ftalkes, ith the like, but leffer leaves on them, become hard and ooddy up to the toppes, fometimes branched, otherwhiles ot, but carrying on their toppes divers fmall round flowers, n feverail fmall footeftalkes, which have no border of leaves, tlier white or yellow to compaffe them, but are like the na- !ed Camomill.or Ferherfew, and fomewhat leffer, beinga ellow round knop, fomewhat hollow in the middle ; after be flower is paft, there (land in their places fmall heads with cede, each whereof is fmalllong and whitifli, which mull bone be gathered when it is ripe, or elfe it qufekely falleth, >r is blowne away with the winde, the roote is a great tuft ir bufh of long blackifh firings, or long fibres; the tafte hereof s bitter and unpleafant, and the ftnell fomewhat ftrong. S. Cjlobsslaria Adonjpelienfnm jive Bellii carnlea. BlewDaifies. , The blew Dailie hath many narrower fhorter and blacker ;recnc leaves then the common field or garden fmall Daifie ying on the ground •. the fialke rifeth to be halfe a foote high ir more, let with fome filch fmall leaves, and at thetoppea mall ronnd head, compofed of many blew flowers, fome- ■vhat like unto the head of a fmall Scabious, and fometimes .vith white flowers: the roote is hard and ftringy, the whole alanr is bitter in tafte. 9. Beilis ceruleaJpinofa. The blew Daifie with prickely leaves. This Daifie is wholly like the former blew Daifie, but that he leaves that grow below upon the ground, as well asthofe lpon the fmall ftalkes, being tike in forme unto them, are lented about the edges, the points whereof are prickely, a? ihe ends are likewife: at the toppes of every ftalke, which s not higher then the other, ftandeth one round flower, lar- ;er or greater then of the other,but compofed of the like blew hreds as they. 1 of Globulari* Globularia Monpclienjinm Bebu earulea> Blew Dailies. 5^o CHAP.27. Tkeatrum Botanicum. Tri b i;< 10, G lobulatia tut ea Montana. The mountainc yellow Daific. 11 , Bcllii minor [implex fylveflris . The leffer wild* white Daific. ix. BcEis Minor alba ramofa. Branched fmall wildc white Daifies. , n I0 - L J lot,fiiartalftteamon tana. 1 he mountainc yellow Daifie This yellow Globe flower hath many thicke, hard,fmooth, round pointed leaves fpiead into fnndry heads o !h' S Mrfi d ' f 2? am0n / Whl r h fP rln g. f “ n t y ru 2 llikeftalkes ab ™ a foote high, with a joynt toward the middle of them, andtwo fmall upright leaves fet thereat, each bearing on their toppes, a globelike roun head offlowers inclofed in a skinne, which opening, a number of flowers appeare, thicke thruft together like ur to a head of Scabions.each flower being fet in a rough purplifh huske confiding of five (wee te faire yellow leave laid ftarrefafluon, with tenne long threds in the middle, [landing about a fmall round nmbone having a pal Ihen'o^ninvTtthe toDof t r ere °^’ whichumbone growing ripe is rough,and conreina^withir^icanhar Se ka/efbcinltoer anT^Sran^" 8 ° Ut ^ - ^y-g, and lent quicke’and head. II. "Belli) Tribe 5. The Theater of 'Plants* Ch A P.27. 13. Beilis bortcnfn multiplex. Bauble Garden Dailies. II, Beilis minor [ylve/lris/implex. The leffer wilde white Dailie. The fmall common Angle field Daifie hath many thickeand c fomewhat long greene leaves, lying upon the ground, fmall I at the bottome, broad and almoft round at the point, and a little dented about the edges; from among which rife many | very (lender, weake, and naked (lalkes,or rather footeftalkes, of two, three or foure inches high, bearing every one a fmall ! greene head, from whence rife many fmall white leaves, fet I about a yellow thrumme or head in the middle, fometimes I the greene leaves will be found to be much larger in one | place then another, and the flower likewife in fome will be j reddifh at the ends, and fometimes underftained, and yet is ! but all one kinde or fort, and not divers as fome would have it; theroote is many fmall white fibres. I 2 , 'Beilis minor alba ramofa. Branched fmall wild white Dailie. This fmall Dailie differeth very little from the Iaft Dailies, | hut that the leaves are a little (horter and more dented about the edges, and the fundry fmall flalkesbeare fuch like leaves | on them at the joynts where they branch forth into many parts, with luch like fmall white flowers at their toppes. 1 1. Beilis bortenfcs multiplex. Double Dailies. This differeth very little from the laft, either in the leaves or manner of growing, the chiefeft difference conlifteth in the flowerij!, which in fome are all white, but compofedof fun* dry rowes of leaves, others ofa whitifti red,or more white then red, or rather white leaves difperfed among the red and others of other varieties, as I have formerly exprefled them in my Booke. The Place, The firft groweth every where by hedge fides, in the borders of fields, and other wafte grounds, Thefem^ on the E, v .ncan hils by Pad,4. The third on Mount TSaldm. The fourth came to u s from Virginia The fifth groweth on the Kountames among the Smtzes. The fixth in fandy barren places in the Handsnf frJLv winch are over againft MarfeUes. The feaventh was firft brought me out of A by Mr Dr fW wi h * otherfeedes, rh.r grew in the Garden of Pi/a, in the Duke olW, his Dominions, but of whence t TZ turall, I havenotyetcertainely knowne, whether ofC.Wy or any other place.The eighth groweth abour fr t'Ojr, and in many other places both ot France znd Italy. The ninth, grow on thehils in theKhwdome'fr*" «ado, there gathered by Dr. Albmm, and brought to Eaahmm as himfelfe relateth. The temhonX hiW ^qmcoL in Napier, as Column* maketh mention. The eleventh groweth in every field and medo w almoftTft ? twelfth was lent from Portuoall. The laft in Gardens. y uem ana meaowalmoft.The The Time. All thei fixe firft forts doe flower in CHUy and lune , but the other foure nevr fnr^ and but fometimes give good feed with ns, the recall the SpringTd The Names, ,l'V„ S ™ gh o by ™. ot J wr ‘ Krs ? nd others, that this was not knowne to any of the ancient Greeke authors though fome doe thtnke that it is the fame that Theophrajlus in his (eaventh Booke and nfiirb fill 11 “l ^ which, with Umadu^f^Js, 4 ich tranflateih ^X, b t ca fior beXi 11 Pt'-y onely among tne Latmes maketh mention of Belli,, i n his 26. Booke, and fifth Chanter V.// fhXwhe e fTe rX’ vrX white flower fome what reddifh, which (hewet’n us ourIsnatl wilde Daifie but h nd Z° f 1 Cth m h,S 2 *: Book f “ d 8 • Chapter which he calleth Belli0 or Belliue /IX as fome have It, and hath 5 y. beards to crownc it, and is a field flower is not certainely knowne what herbe ft ? many tbinkc the place corrupted, and tobeotherwiferead, buthowfoever itbe, he maketh it knownr .er, ; ,ome would have the name Beilis to be taken from Belus the King of T)anaus whofe fifty danohi-prc h • iie" hUsband T did ^ e fir[t '-S^t of their marriage t^ k °e a mournW^I elery Xn^of ‘C.r husbands excepting one: fome denve the word a hello quafi, belli* prMium fome alfo from t\L 1 r r d Rentes, doe call the lefler w ilde fort Herb a MorgariU, The fi a " d the c <™ fmall or field Daifie, called Confolida minor, yet to mate* a fort O otm r,T W,crruk*. Globular}* ^Ziun^ a °M^ i T r ^/^l , T eM A?f r ‘ im ‘■ The J . e $“ h is calIcd by Lobet maudScabiofapumUum^m by CM*, ’as he doth the:ninth "sZbTofa ZmaTaZZr^epe/f CXiriXf tleTbt[fbeS° the® " Theial Kf" by ^ T K tw ^ ch a " d ^ hwethefr d C “. call both forts, Fiordeprimavera, andtheleffer Marrarite, andfWe Zz 2 “ frima 53 * fif' ' W-.rJl 1 ii T Ilf « • |l» .. fj I' “ B*», v '.‘‘i ; ■ r r *, e-';; rr" Hi II: 1 53 ' C HAP , 28 , Tbeatrum Botanicum. R I B E ‘ 5 * primaver agentile. The call them both Marguerites and Pafqucts, yetufually they call the lefler Mar- gueritons. The Germancs call the greater Genfsblum^ and the lefler Mafslicben oder ^eitlofen. The Dutch call the ii great (ortrvildoft groote Madelienen, and the lefle CMadaliexcn, zn&CMargrieten. We ifl Englijb call the grea¬ ter the great Daifie, and Maudelinewort, and the other the lefler or field Daifie, &c. TheVertues. The greater wild Daifie is a wound herbe ofgood refpeff,often ufed and feldome left out in thofe drinkes or 1 falves that are for wounds, either inward or outward : both it and the fmall are held by the mod to be cold anddry, yet faith they are cold and moift, which none other doth allow of: forthedrying qualities doe more properly confolidate, the juice or diftilled water of either of them doth much temper the heat of chol- -I ler, and refrefheth the liver and other inward parts. It is faid that they loofen the belly that is bound (which Lobel contradifteth, and true judgement doth the famejbeing taken in a Pallet with oile and vinegar,or the broth ; of fat flelh wherein the leaves hereof and a fewMallowes havebeeneboyled : they helpe to cure the wounds ofthe bread made in the hollowneffc thereof, ifadecoclion bemadcofthemanddrunke ; the fame alfo doth i cure all ulcers, and puftles in the mouth or tongue, or in the fecret parts: the leaves bruifed and applyed to the: cods,or to any other parts that are fwollen and hot, doth refolve it, and temper the heat; they are alfo much i commended that a decoffion be made hereof and ofWallwort,and Ajrrimmj,and the places fomented, or bathed 1 therewith warme, that are afihfted cither with the palfie, the Sciatica, or the gout, to give a great deale ofeafe : of gaine: the fame alfodiflolvcth anddifperfeth the knots or kernels that grow in the Befli of any part ofthe bo- ■ dy, and the bruifes and hurts that come of fals andblowes; they are alfo ufed for ruptures, or other inward bur- • flings with very good fucceffe : an ointment made thereof doth wonderfully helpe all wounds, that have in- • flammations about them, or by reafon of moift humourshaving accede unto them, are kept long from healing, , and thofe are fuch for the moft part that happen in the joynts of the armes; andlegges; the juice of them drop- ■ ped into the running eyes of any doth much helpe them : the fmall Daifie is held to be more aftringent and bin¬ ding then any other fort. Ch XXVIII. SanicuU. Sanicle. 1 Here be divers herbes that the learned writers have entituled SanikIe,from their efpeciall properties Jin healing, as Avens, Beareseare,Corrallwort, Butcerwort,anddiversothers, as they areremem- ' bred in their feverall places, and fome in my former Booke, as the fpotted and Beares eares Sanicle, whereof I thinke it not amiffe to fpeake a little here, and to give you their figures withall, but this that I here firft propofe unto you, is properly and peculiarly called Sanicle, limply without any o- hec epithite, and thereof I finde no other fort, although fome have made mm mdfusmim, accounting this the mat i sauicu/a vulgaris fiveDiapeupi. Ordinary Sanicle or Selfc healc. Pinguicula live Sanicula E boraecnps- Eutjemorcor Tor^[hire Sanicle. Tribe 5, The Theater of 'Plants, C HAP ,28. 535 Sanicu.a guttata. Spotted Sanicle. 4. Sanicula Atp.n a five Corfu fa Mattbioli. B ea cs eare Sanicle. and asfftrancia nigra Diofcoridit , to be thefccmna , but yCt I thinke fit alfo to ad^iyne hereunto, r thc Pinguicula or Butterwort, called of fome Canicula Ehoracenfis and an American Cortufa, fo®hc properties and ufe fake, al¬ though differing in forme one from another. The defeription of the ordinary Sanicle is thus. It fendeth forth many great round leaves, Banding upon long brownifh Balkes, every one fomewhat deepely cut or divided into five or fixe parts, and fome of thofe cut in alfo, fomewhat like the leafeofa Crowfoote or Doves foote, and finely dented about the edges, fmooth and of a darkc greene fhining colour, and fometimes reddifh about thebrimmes; from among which rifeth up fmall round greene Balkes, without any Joynt or leafe thereon, fia- vmg at the toppe, where it brancheth cut into flowers, having a leafe divided into three or foure parts, at that joynt with the flowers, which are fmall and white, Bartingout of fmall rofind greenifh yellow heads, many Banding together in a tuft; in which afterwards arc the ,feedes contained, which arc fmall round rough hurres, fomewhat like unto the feeds of Clevcrs y and Bicke in the fame manner, upon any thing that they touch: the roote is com pofed of many blacke Brings or fibres fet together, at a little long head, which abideth with the greene leaves all the winter and perifli not. 2. Pinguiculafive Sanicula Ehoracenfis, Butterwort. Butter wort hath divers fat and long leaves lying upon the ground about the roote, broad at the bottome and pointed at the end, of a pale greene colour on the upperfide, and white underneath, folded together at their firfi riling which then are more white, from among which arife two or three Bender naked Balkes, about an handbreadth high, bearing onely one flower at the toppe of every one, fet in a fmall greene huske, made fome¬ what like a Violet flower or thofe of the Larkes heeles or fpurres, having a fmall tayle’or fpurre behinde, in fome of a purple, in others of a more blew colour, and in fome white : after the flowers arc pafl, come in their places fmall pointed round heads, wherein is contained fmall long blacke feede : the roote is compofed of di¬ vers fmall white fibres or Brings which dye not but abide with the greene leaves upon them all the Winter. • 3. Sanicula guttata. Spotted Sanicle. Ha ving given you the defeription hereof and the varieties in my former Bookc, Ifliallhere rather point at it, then fully declare that it hath roundifh leaves, greene above and grayifb underneath, and reddifh withall, the toppe of the branched flalkc is Bored with many fmall five leafed white flowers, fo finely fpotced with red fpots, that they feeme to be pricked thereon. 4. Sanicula Alpina five Coy tufa CMatthioli. Beares-eare Sanicle* This alfo being there deferibed at large needeth the Ieffcr relation, that it hath larger and more crumpled hairy round leaves then the IaA: the Balkes alfo lower,and bearing fundry fmall pendulous purple flowers. 5. Sanicula five Cortufa Americana frnticofa. The Shrubbe Sanicle of America. The fhrubhy Sanicle of America y hath fundry almofl round leaves lying on the ground each upon a little long footeflalke divided at the edges into two parts, dented fikewife about the brimmes,from among which rife hard Wooddy Balkes neere two foote high, having fuch like leaves thereon as grow below and branching forth with Zz 3 ' “ fundry Theatrum Botanicum, 534 Chap. 29 , Tribe' 5i fundry lmall white ftarrelike flowers in a tuft together at the toppes. The Place . The firft is found in many fliadowye woods and other places of this land. The fecond in the common fields and - fundry bogs, on the hils in Torkefhire chieftyjin many places alfo of the Weft Country,and Wales y and likewife in a Common, about a mile from Oxford , neare a village called Herington, The third and the fourth as Clufim f a j t h , growetn in all the Auftnan and S tirian hils in the fhadowy places of them. The laft came from the backe part of I Virginia called Canada. r The Time. I he firft and fecond flower not untill Tune, and their feede is foone ripe after-the other two next flower much 1 earlier and fometimesagaine in Autumne. The laft flowreth in lxlj u The Names . 1 have not found that any of thefe Sanicles were knowr,e to any of the ancient Greeke or Latine authors, but I are as many other vulnerary, and other hertes found out and named by later writers. For the fit ft it hath his name SamcuU apotiore tmauiimmere, it is affo called Diaperjia, by ’Brmfilftu, Matthio/us, and Lchel, and by i Tauermtmtamu, CmfoliAet ejeimjnefelh, for Matthio/us maketh it his fourth kinde of Quinqucfolium. Fabius Co- ■ would referre it to the third Sideritb ofDiofiorides s but of meft writers it is generally called Saricula, andlome asl (aid beforecallitw^becaufe they would make the-//?>•«»»« >11^ Dicfcoridie, (fet forth in the tbirdClaftlsofthisworke, which is of purging plants, and 23 Chapter, under the title of He//c£c™ x,_ mcuUfoiumajor ,the great purging SanicleJ to be theftmitut. ) t is called by the Italian Samcola, by the C,er- mattn mdThttch Samkel, by the French panicle, and by us Sanickle. The other was firft called Pingmcuia by cjner r,, defenpt,one mortisfralli,mi from him all others doc fo call it: fome alfo with us SamcuUpborMentis, becaule itgrowethfo plentifully in 71 wkejhire-. Lugdunenfis calleth it Cucullata, andthirketh it may beCrias Apu- ]!’ /. r .“ wn 8** ir . t0 be Deebcatheon TVwpothers LinguUPHni ]jand fome, as Gefner Viola humidaaut palufiris Mnmu in putting it among his Sanicules calleth it SamcuU monttma jlore calcari donata. We in Englijh doe calf it Burterwort, and Cutter roote, becaufe of the vntluofitie ofthe leaves, or elfe of fatning as Gerard faith, but untruely.for t hey call it white rot and not white roote as Gerard faith, for the Country people doe thinke their ineepe will catch the rot, if for hunger they fhouldeate thereof, and therefore call it the white rot, of the co- om of cne herbe, as they have another they call the red rot, which is Fcdicularit red Rattle. The third is called amenta montava altera by Chtjiw , and A/pina,tmdguttata by Gamerarius and others, by Lobel Gariophr/latafive T\ ,M T- rcccmior ’' m f 0,io hederaceo. 1 be fourth Matthidlm called C°rtufa having received it from Cortufm, mi reckoneth i t among the Ayers, and thereupon Lobel calleth it CaryophjHataVeronenJittmfioreSaniculs urjtmc- npia calleth it his firft Sankulamontana, and others Alpina: The laft tor fome refemblance was called Cortrsfa by the French, and Americana added to diftinguifh it. The Vertices. San.de is bitter in tafte, and thereby is heating and drying in the fecond degree, it is aftringent alfo, and there-' nWhZa~"t S fi 0 l d , COh L'“Ugreene wounds fpeedily, orany ulcers, impoftumes, or bleedings inwardly s it noth wonderfully helpe thofe that have any tumour in their bodies in any part, for it repreffeth the humours, and „, 5 ?r ' , ’ - the 5 e coflion or juice thereof be taken, or the powder in drinke, and the juice ufed out- Zr Vu’ tol ' there ' s b otfol "’'d any herbe that can give fudiprefent helpe, either to man or beaft, when the dif- ealetalleth upon the lungs or throate, and to hcale up all the maligne putride or (linking ulcers ofthe mouth, roa, andpnvittes, by gargling or waflamg with the decoftion of the leaves and roote made in water, anda = h °ny Fut thereto ; it helpeth to ftay womens courfes, and all other fluxes of blood, either by the mouth, ne,or 00 e, and laskes of the belly, the ulceration ofthe kidneyes alfo and the paines in the bowels, andthe { ri " lnln s ofthe reynes, being boy led in wine or water and drunke, thefamealfoisnoleflepower- !■’ tohtlpeany ruptures or burflingsufed both inwardly and outwardly : and briefely it is as effcfluall inbin- dmgreltraining.confo idating heating drying, and healing, as Comfrcy, Bugle, or Selfeheale, or any other t the Confounds or vulnerary berbes whatfoever. Eutterwortis as one writeth to me a vulnerary herbe, of great elfeeme with many, as well for the rupture in Children as to heale greene wounds; the Country people that live where it groweth; doeufe to annomt theirhands when they arechapt by the winde, or when their KtnesVdders are fwollen by the biting of any virulent worme, or otherwife hurt.chapt or rift, the poorer fort o peop e ui a cs make a Syrupe thereof, asisofRofes, and therewith purge themlelves and their children: they put it likewife into their broths for the fame purpofe which purgeth flegme eflreftually : they alfo with th c fitfons Aere of "Md ac 3 ' 1 ^*t tmtnt finSMlar eood againft the obftruaions ot the liver, experienced by fome Phy- Chap. XXIX. -’primula verb praterfi, & fylveftris. Primrofes and Cowflips.' p-rfb; f^ crc f § reat a variety in thefe forts of plants, Primrofes and Cowflips, whercunto for likeneffe KKSSl l>ot h in forme and quality,is to be joyned the little army of Auricula Ecares cares, (or French Ej£j§?} fjowflips) as they are called, efpecially in the various colours oftheir’ flowers, that to deferibe Et^f “ lem aI1 againe,would but too much augment this volume,I will therfore here but give you fome kf'ijakSaTO figures ot thofe, deferibed fully in my former Booke, and the relation of fuch others as have fince the publilhing thereof come to our knowledge. I. Primula verisTurcicaTretdefcanti flore purpureo . TradefcartsTnr hie purple Primrofe. The leaves of this Primrofe are fo like unto other Primrofes, that they can very hardly be diftinguifhed untill the flowers appeare, but the chiefeft difference in the leaves is, that they are fomewhat longer, rounder pointed and a little reddifh at the very bottome of the leaves; the flowers are as large as any other Primrofe or rather larger, made of five leaves like unto them, but of a delicate violet purple colour, the bottome of them yellow, circled 'r IBE.5. The Theater of Tlants. Chap.2^. rcled as ic were with a deepe Saffron like yellow, which addeth a greater grace thereunto • in other things it is re unto the ordinary Priinrofes. _ _ f ' lnrc Of this kinde there is alfo another fort little differing from it in any thing fave in the colour of the flower t drich in this is crimfon, as in the other purple. 2. Paralyfiios variat jpecies. The divers forts of Cowflips. f: Of the various forts of Cowflips, i have given you all the (tore I know are extant, and therefore will defcribe 1 (one of them here, but referre youto my former Booke, where you (hall finde them. dupStlti 3. Auricula urfi varietates. The varieties of Beareseares or French Cowflips. Purpurea (I I have there alfo divided the varieties of the Beares earesor French Cowflips into three colours, that is pur-™™ 2 - lie or red, white.and yellow, of the refl that I have not there fpoken, I will here make but briefe mention, r a “’f r “ r i°. “lie difference in leafe and flower onely, without any lar ger defeription. „ „° t f' The bright crimfon hath leaves of a middle fize more greene then mealy,and flowers of a bright crimfon colour re 3 . arger then the blood red. ru-pureo f J he deepe crimfon velvet colour. f ar °. r The double purple hath the purple flower once more double then the Angle, but is not conftant. J j l " e mu 1 The [fript purple differs in leafe little or nothing, from the ordinary purple, nor yet in flower, but onely that it sangui- f s varioufly ffript with a kinde of whitifh blufh colour ; fomeofthefe will change wholly into the one or thee- nco. y. r her colour, as all or moll of the feveralllorts of other ftript flowers, whether T»fi^.«,Gilloflowers, See. are Cy eftmai iabferved often to doe, yet as in them fo in thefe, if they change into the deeper colour, they feldome or never | erurne to be marked, as they will if they change into the lighter. Fiore The heavens blew hath the leafe broader and of a duskie yellowifh greene colour, the flowers being of a blew- c' £r „ko I ifh colour tending toa purple. folio Bo- The paler blown) fomewhat like unto the laft in the greene leafe, the flower being of a paler blew. Borage leafed blew Beares eares is fufficiently expreffed in my former Booke. 9 -i'uiptms The collie as the french call it,or the farre Collier as we in Englijh, hath a pale greenifh leafe without dents, ™‘‘ 0 \ . and fomewhat a large flower, and of a dainty violet purple colour,fomewhat fad but very lively. i, 0t The (famberfine hath a fmaller greene leafe without dents or very few, and the flower lieere that of the faire flare cnt~ Collier, bur not altogether fo lively nor fo great a flower. mafmo. A purplifh blew with a white bbrtome, and a mealy leafe. The Toutrine or blood red hath a yellowifh greene leafe, fomewhat fmall and long, with a few dents on the jr ° 0 0 [ c '~ edges,the flowers are of a blood red colour with a yellow eye, and but few upon a ftalke. Purpurea The party coloured red and white,we heare for certaine offuch an one, but we have not as yet feene it. Rubra am- There are fundry forts ofblnfhes.paler or deeper, moreorleffebeautifnllby much then others,as alfo wonder-'» n. full much variety ofeach of the former colours not to be expreffed, in that from the fowing of the leede arifeth new colours almoft every yeare. FinertU The pure white, Snow white, or Paperwhite, as they are called by divers, hath flowers of a pure Snow white ' colour, but fmaller then the next. Flare a bo Whitehathalittlelargerflower,butisnot(opurea whiteasthe former, but yet commeth white from the * 5 . firft budding,andnotyellowith as in the next. ll ‘re al. The common white hath fundry flowers upon a flalke, of a reafonable fize, whofe buds are yellowifli at the vlL , firft, and become white afterwards. ^7 Flm Other forts may be reckoned to thefe whites,and fome may be fet under the blufhes of the paler forts. lutco. Of the great yellow there are fundry different forts, all of them having large mealy leaves, and great tufts of Magna, is flowers, fome deeper or paler then others, and fome greater or leffer alfo. Lirmmia- The Lemman colour is ofa delicate pale yellow colour and ofa middle Azeboth leafe and flower. a f‘ Iy - Straw colour. Sbsmwey colour. trammeo A number of other forts of plaine yellowes there be,impoflib!e to be diflinguiflied. Verfiore The diverflties likevvife ofthe diverAAed or variable yellowes are numberleffe, which although their ground is bttto. yellow yet are fo mixed and varied thereupon that I cannot expreffe them. cmefien- The leather coate is larger or leffer, deeper or paler one then another, they have all large mealy leaves,yet not fo much as in tile greateft yellow, but yet feemeth to be produced from thence they comedo neere it, L^ a r„r Hairc colour of divers forts. ea.f ' Spmjhbhfb. Crime co. 'The Place end Time. loris z 4. The purple and crimfon Priinrofes came firft from Turkic to us, and flowreth with other Primrofes very early in the Spring, andfometimesagainein Autumne, The originall of the Auriculas came firft from the mountaines of German-}, Hungary, Italy, as the A/pes and Pyrenees, &c, but the greateft variety hath rifen from fowing of the feede, and many of them will flower twice in the yeare, m. in Aprill and May, and then againe in Angrifi and September, ifthe Autumne proove temperate and moift. The Names. Thepurple Primrofe is faid to be called Carchichek by the Turks s. Fabiue Columna referreth the Cowflips to the Alifma of Diofcorides , and calieth them Alifma pratorum cfifjlvarum, others call them Verbafculum. Gefner Arthritica, Angiuhira Dodecatheon , but generally Pxralyfismd Her ha Paralyfis. The Auricula urfi is entitnlcd by divers names, by fundry authors as Ltmaria Arthritica, and ‘Paralytica. Alpinaby Gefr.er Primula veru pachyphy Has by Lugdunenfis, Saniculafive Auricula urfi, Aril by Mattbiolm, and after by Lobel, and Sanicula Alpina by Gefner and Bauhitm , but ufually now adaies Auricula urfi by all, and thereafter we in Enqlifb Beares eares or French Cowflips. TheVertu'S. Primrofes and Cowflips are muchufedtobe eaten in Tanfles Sailers, &c. by thofe beyond Sea, and are accoun¬ ted very profitable for paines in the head, and are accounted the bed for that purpofe next unto Be'ony, they are excellent good againft any joynt aches as the palfie and to eafe the paines of the Anewes, as the names doe im- , port. 5^8 Chap. 30, Theatrum Botantcum . lib 8 5 port. Of the juice or water of the flowers of Cowflips,divers Gentlewomen know how to clenfe the skin fron ( pots or difcolourings therein, as alfo to take away the wrinckles thereof, and caufe the skinne to become fmootl andfairc, the rootes made into a decodion and taken, eafeth the paines of the backe and bladder, opening thi paffages of urine which was the caufe thereof; they are likewife often ufed in wounds either greenc or old, anci that to very good purpofe. The Beares cares according to their name Sanicle, arenoleffe powerfull in healing then the common, as alfo for the palfie and trembling of the joynts, Clufiu faith that the mountainers that huni after wilde hearts doe life the rootes of Beares eares to helpe either paines in the head, or the giddineffe that may happen thereto, by the light of fuch fearefull precipicet or ffeepe places, that they mull often paffe by in fob. lowing their game, and are admitted as good Wound herbes as the former Cowflips. Chat. XXX. Alchymilla. Ladies Mantile. Nto the Sanicles fetdownein the Iafh Chapter, I thinkeit fitted to place this next unto it, becaufe: both for forme and quality it i, lo affuredly like it, that it is called of divers the greater Sanicle and: will adde thereunto another fort thereof, which hath not beene formerly well knownc. r. A/chymillamajor vulgaris. Common Ladies Mantle. Our common Ladies Mantle is very like to the former Sanicle, having many leaves riling from iding upon long hairv fnorpdalkes. ,___ _ & .. -A-AMHHV. M.J vu y line l theroote, danding upon long hairy footedalkes, being almodround, but a little cut in on the edges, intoeight or renne parts,more or lefle,making it feeme like a ftarre, with fo many corners and points, and dented round a- bout,ofalight greene colom, fomewhat hardin hand¬ ling, and as if it were foulded or plaited at the fird, and then crumpled in divers places, and S little hairy, as the flslke is alio which rifeth up among them, to the height of two or three foote,with a few fuch leaves thereupon, but fmalier,and being weakc is not able to Hand upright, hut bendeth downe to the ground, divided at the toppe into two or three fmall branches, with final! yellowifh grccnc heads, and flowers of a whitifh greene colour breaking out of them, which being pad.tlierc commeth fmall yellowida feede like unto Poppy feede, the rootc is fomewhat long and blacke, with many firings and fi¬ bres thereat. z. Alchymilla minor qitinqttefolil, Cinkefoile Ladies Mantle. This fmall Ladies Mantle, hath alfo a few fmallcr and fmoother greene leaves, riling fromthefmall blackcfi¬ brous roote, fetuponlong footeftalkes, but divided at the edges into five corners or points, and fomewhat deepelier dented about the brimmes then the former - from whence two or three fmall weake bending ftalkes doe rife, nothalfe a foote high : the flowers that grow at rhe toppes are fmaller, but alike according to the bignefle of che plant, and of the fame herby or greene colour. The 7 lace. . A'.ibymithtmajor vulgaris. Common Ladies Mamie. The firft groweth naturally in many paflures and wood fides, both in Hartford ml mltfhire , and in Kent a IfiT asm L ingwoodneetc Veverjham, m the paftures nigh Tidnam, and Chefflow, and in other places of this land-the ocher groweth on St. Bernards hill among the Smtzers. The Time. The firft flowreth in May and lane, the other not nntill Augufi but both abide after feede time,greene all the Winter after. & The Names. It was not knowne by name unto the ancient writers, as can be gathered, and although BrurflRu, and feme others thought it to be Leontopodtum or Lions foote, deceived by che name, becaufe divers nations have fo called it, from the forme or hkeneffe of the leafe yet is it not that of Diofcerides, as may plai.iely appeareby his de- fcnptton thereof. Itis ufually called Alchymilla by moft writers, becaufe as fome thinke the Alchymifls gave uch commendations of it. It is called alio of Matthiolm, Luedtmer.fi „and others Stellaria, from the forme of the leafe, chat with the corners refemble a ftarre, but there are divers other herbes called Stellaria by divers au- tliours, and fome alfo call this Tet LeonU, and Fata Leoni,: others call it Samcula major, not without good rea- fon. Cordm m htfiona de plants,, calleth it Drofera , Drofmm, and Pfadeion from the Germane name Simian be- caufe the hollow crumplings and the edges alfo of the leaves, will conraine the dew^n droppes like pearles.that ftl l' and fometimes in the mold p.aces of the fl*. The Time. tl n . , Inc lime. _ _ . The Uavnp r KT r u r l Thames. lips of wounds, and Saracenic/, CZ^hcTuk^d S ’ cl °*’ OT gl“unthe hurts and wounds of their oeoDle andL r( ,*%■ j d S * r /l hadagrea , c opinion thereof, in healing the the firlf Solid, Tstlwicll r L and f£h1,l 1 haVe th ° l,ghC K fittcr t0 P lacc 1[ here. Train ca Ueth the defeription of wind as the others doc, butfurely the fieure hereof ’doth the be , ads 'Y 1 . th fecd .» %= away with the lshT h h : hn AS uf' S0 T‘ ,Ce ’’ lC,! ’ whicMhecaUeth^Sl^rariaTdflTO^df p/ww" ’J' lK ^, allis as ,faid a , ThcVertnes, binding withaJJ • bein^ bovled in ,,,,’np^ ’4 'y^atfoever elfe, for it is hot and dry almoft in the third deeree,and of, as alfo all inward ulcers of the reines 7ir,,,,v, y j ■ ,a Jnd ! and for th e dropfie in the beginning thcre- wine, and then'dillilledfthe water thereof drunhe is r an ^i inWar n W ° Un , ds ? r bruiles i and bd "§ <^P' d ™ other paines or torments in the body, as alfo the paines S^uAw' 0 Tfh • gn , w, . n S "? the ftomacke > or any SV B ^ and arc as effecitiallTn a manner as it Confounds doe runne the lame courfe with this. Chap. XXX 11, HerbaDoria/lv: Anna. Dorias his Woundwort. eare more lores then one, Tl,:. w , ■ , I hrbaDoriavttlgarit. The ordinary Woundwort This Woundwort hath many great thickeflefhy long deepe greene leaves riling from the mote, almoft almoft as loii" as Docke leaves,but thicker, (harper at the points, fmallerat the lower ends of them, and Bros? Idcft in the mi ddle, fomewhat harfli or hard in handling, among which rifech up but one great (hike for the molt part, but exceeding High, abovcanyman, whereon are fee very fparipgly.fcarfe two or three fuch leaves, but lmallcr as grow below, at the toppes whereof {land a few yellow flowers, in greene fcaly heads, greener then thofe of the golden rodde, or of the former Confound, which when they are ripe, are blowne away with the winde : the root e is not fo great, as the plant would make (hew it (bould be, having many fibres fet at the head together, which take flrong hold of the gfound.and dyeth not, nor the leaves lofe their verdure in the winter,but fpring afrefli every yeare , a. Herb* DorUminor (Americana. Donat Woundwort of America. This 'ganger is fo like the former in (hew, that it cannot better be referred then unto the former, abiding greene all the winter, whofeicaves arc thicke fomewhat longand narrow, but not halfe fo great as the for¬ mer, and of a paler greene colour, elfe for forme very like them : the dalkes which are many, and rife not to halfe that height are‘round, and for the mod part, leanedowne, not being able, by the mnltitude of flowers and leaves thereon, to (land upright, which flowers (land upon longer, and greater greene fcaly heads then the former, and arc themfelves alfo gfeater, and more laide open, with many (mall,long narrow leaves, which tnrne into a white moffie downe, and is carryed away with the winde, the roote is compofed of many blackiflj fibres. 5. Co:ifolicl.tanrcancmoritm. The golden Confound, This golden herbehath divers long and narrow fharpe pointed leaves, (landing at the toppe of the rooce, very like unto Donat Woundwort, but not fp great j yet thicke like them, and of a darker greene colour.the (hikes "ife not much above a foote high, having here and there.narrower.long leaves on them, then below,the flowers that (land at the toppes of them, are larger then of the former, having many narrow long yellow leaves there¬ on , hide open like a (larre flower, with divers thmmmes in the middle, the rootes are many fmall white fibres, lik unto the Daifies.thc taftc thereof is fomewhat fharpe, and aromaticail,and aftringent or binding withall. The Place. The firft as Label faith, groweth neSre the hankes of Rivers, in Trove nee and Narbone of France, The fecond came from the French Colony in America, into France, for from Vejpaftan Robin of Farit I had it. The lad in the thicke woods neere Orlemce, as XoWalfo faith, they doe all well abide in Gardens. The T me. The firft and the lad doe forthe mod part, flower a moneth before the fecond, whichis not in flower before Aitonft at the fooneft. The Names. Thefirdisthoughttohavebeenefoundoutby^MdrfjaTJorw.theGenerallofthe Emperonr, and the French Kingsflecte, or at lead commended or commanded to be ufed for the reliefe of his Souldiers and Marrirters.al- Aaa though 542 Chap.33’ Theatrum Botanicum . r r i b e, 5, though ieMfeemeth to invert the name, h^fofrench, /.' Dorn, herba Dcr «, aHafi a«rea herba and , thinketh it may be the fW.v Cfer««>» of Theophraft *,,which he defcribeth in the . 2. Chapter of his 9. Booke whole forme and properties there related, doe very fitly anfwer hereunto (yet home doe rather referre thd ,if curon arcs care unto it) or die (as he faith J is oneofthofe Panaces of Theophraftw, which 7/;„7 j n l,; s 2 ; IJooke, and 4, Chapter (peaketh of, found by Chiron, and called Ccntaurium, and called alio Pharnaeenm oi the King Pharnaces w ho is faid alio tofinde it. Gefne* in horti, German,*, faith it was called of fome, uj C hror.uun m aberr/imanw _al(o calleth it, Panax Chirer.iuTnTheophrtifti, it is that Liman'wmahud. that Lugdunenfis faith was fo called of fome Herbarifts, fetting it forth in the Chapter of Limcnium, and yec is the fame that he»« forth for th eft™ Narbonenfian, of Pen* and Lob,l, in the Chapter of Viroaaurca, although it feemeth he did not know fo much, which kinde of error is very frequent in him. Banhinm calleth it S a^ren major za ona, The lecond came to me under the fame name that is in the title, which becaufe it can be waies e ere , I thmke not fit to alter. 'Hie lafi Pena and Lobel, doe onely make tnention of in their Ad-i\ bytl ' £ nameob a '" ca ™™rum Limon,, foli,,, and Bauhinm calleth it, j Virga anrea ma& „. _ The Venues. ,, ITT™* ° f u e c llnS §r l enc r vv ° u . nds ’ and old that are knowne and fet forth by many writers, we have another Kb lortnotyetknownepubhkely, whofeorigmallwasin America n,|, r „u pnB „c The ordinary Golden Rod. * *» *—» f “” ”" d flalkes, halfe a yard or two foote high, but high¬ er if it grow in a fat foile, or in a Garden,having thereon ma- ny narrow and long darke greene leaves, very feldome with any mckes or dents about the edges, and as feldome with any drakes or white fpots therein, and yet fometimes and in fome places, they are fo to be found, divided at the tops into many fmall branches, with divers fmall yellow flowers on every one of them, which are turned one way, not looking iundry waies, as all the flowers of the former kindes doe, which likewife being ripe, doe turne into downe, and are ca- ried away with the winde, the rootc confifleth of many fmall fibres, which gro w not deepe into the ground, but abidetli all 'ie Winter therein,(hooting forth new branches every yeare, the old ones dying downe to rfie ground. 2. Virga aurea ferrati, folijs. Golden Rod with dented leaves. The [bikes of this Golden Rod, rife not up fo high as the former, but are as great, tearing larger, but fhorter leaves thereon, and dentedabout theedges, the branches beare fucii hkeflowers, facing one fide of their flalkes as the former doth and are turned into downe, flying away in the fame manner! the roote is like the other. 3. Virga aurea Americana. Golden Rod of America, 1 he leaves of this Golden Rod,before it runneup to (hike, art as great as the laft, being but narrow and long, yet broa- delt in the middle, and very fharpe pointed at the ends.fome- what dented alfo about the edges, but leffe then the former and of a darke greene colour, 'the [hike is a little hairy, rifing higher then the lad, or about a foote and a halfe high at the molt, bearing yellow flowers all on one fide, like the former, and nyc in the winde,with the downe as the red, the roote is not much unlixe the other, and abideth under ground in win¬ ter m the fame manner, lofing all the old flalkes. I have given ; “ c ° ne fi § u ,7 3,1 Ch f e pl^ts, they are all fo like that ticedlefle to multiply more figures, the place and the Elated leaves making the whale difference, ' “ -k Virga aurcafervatii foliji. Golden Rod with den ted leaves. The Tribe 5. c lbeTbeaterofTlants, C h a p.33* 545 The Place. The firfl is as I faid frequent enough id divers places of the land; ihtheopen places of woods and copfes, Bi both in moid and dry grounds, the fecond is not fo frequent, and is found tut in few places, although Gerard, ' deceived with the common kinde, which he found fometimes, to have but a few dents about the edges,thought it to be chc other, and therefore faid that both forts were to be found plentifully in Hantpfieed wood, neere HI unto the gate that leadeth to K entifh Towne, when as all that there groweth, as I faid for the mod part, isbut T ofthefirflforc, yet in fome places it is there to be found alfo, but more fpatingly. The lafl as I faid before,came ft from America, but from what part I know not. The Time. The firfl flowreth later then the fecond, which is about July, and the other in the beginning or middle of Ah- "1 Thclaftalfoflowreth very late. 7 he Names. The firft is generally called by all writers almofl, Virga aurea, becaufe the ftalkes being reddilh, make the ic bufhytoppes of flowers feeme as if they were of a gold yellow. The fecond is called folijs nonferratit,by Came- rasim in his Epitome of CMatthiolm, or major angiijhfolia, as he doth in her to. Label in Adverfaria, giveth the if title of Virgo, aureaVilLmovani, .buthisdeferiptionis of the other, (forinhis/roverand obfervations, 3 fie called El that which is not dented about the edges Virgo aurea Villanovmi, and the other altera ferrate folio ) Anguillara 1 thought it might be the Leucographu of Pliny, becaufe it is faid in the defeription thereof, it is found fometimes * with white drakes in the leaves, but why Tohermontanw fhould take it to be Symphitnm petreum, is not well >1 knowne, for he maketh three forts, whereof this is his third,and the other two betheother/OT<«»/o/yr,where- d of he found or faw one, with fomewhat rounder leaves, and whofe flowers were more white then the others.' ( The lafl hath his name in his title, as is fitted for it. It is called in French Verged’or, and inhigh andlow Dutch \ gulden roedt ,and we in T-nglifh Golden Rod. | , The Vertues, As Golden Rodde isJike unto the Sarafins Confound in forme, but much IefTer, fo is it alfo in the properties^ not much inferiour, being hot and dry almofl in the fecond degree. Arnoldus dc villa Hot/a.commendeth it much againft the done in the reines and kidneyes, and to provoke urine in abundance, whereby the graved or done «rrgendred intheuritory parts,by raw and tough flegmatike humours, may be wafhed downe into the bladder, from growing into a done in thofe parts, and thence may be avoided with the urine: the decotfion of the herbe grecneordry, or the diddled water thereof is very effeftuall for inward brnifes, as alfo to be outwardly ap- plyed: the fame alfo flayeebthe bleedings in any part ofthe body, and of wound9 alfo, and the fluxes of the mendruall courfes in women, and the fluxes of the belly and humours, as alfo the blooddy flixe in man or woman: it is no leffe prevalent in all raptures, or burdings, to be both drunke and outwardly applyed : it is the mod fo- veraigne woundherbe of many, and can doe as much therein as any, both inwardly for wounds and hurts in the body, and for either greene wounds, quickly to cure them, or old fores and ulcers, that are hardly to be cu¬ red, which of ten come by the fluxe of moifl humours thereunto, and hinder them from healing: it is like- wifeofefpeciallufe in all lotions for fores or ulcers in the mouth, and throate, or in the privy parts, of man Woman: the decoftion thereof likewife hclpech to faflen the teeth that are loofe in the gummes. CbapJ XXXlll. Ljfmachia. Loofedrife or Willow herbe: Ntending next unto the Golden rods, to fhew you the forts of Loofedrife or Willow herbe, I am forced for methods fake, and that 1 might not encumber your memory, with too many in one Chapter, to divide them, and fpeake of them feverally; thofe with yellow flowers firfl; and fe- condly, of thofe that doe not beare their flowers in fpiked heads: thirdly, of them that doe beare fpiked flowers: and Iadly of thofe that doe teare their feede in longs huskes, or pods, bee they wilde in our o wne land or in others, and brought into gardens. i. Ljfmachia httea major vulgaris. Common yellow Loofedrife or Willow herbe? The greater yellow Loofedrife, or Willow herbe, which is the more common, groweth in ranke moift grounds, to_ be foure or five foote high, or more, with great round Aalkes, a little crefled, diverfly branched, from the middle of them to the toppes, into great and long branches, on all which at the joynts there grow, long and narrow leaves, but greater and broader below, mod ufually two at a joint, yet fometimes three or foure, fomewhat like unto Willow leaves, without nickes or dents on the edges, and of a faint greene colour, from the upper joynts of the branches, and at the toppes of them alfoftand many yellow flowers, of five leaves apeece with divers yellow threds in the middle, which turne into fmall round heads, wherein are contained! . fmall cornered feede, the roote creepeth underground; almoft like Couchgraffe, but greater, and fliooteth up e- very fpring brownifh heads, which afterwards grow up into flalkes, &c. it hath no fent or tafle, butanelya» ftringent and thereby drying, a. Lyfmachia luteaminor. The Idler yellow Willow herbe. This yellow Willowherbe, or Loofedrife, as it rifeth not up fo high as the former, withhisround joynted Ralkes, which are fomewhat woolly or hairy, fo the leaves being alfb woolly and fomewhat like them, are narrower and fhorter then they, foure for the'mofl part, and fometimes but three fet together at a joint, fpotted With blackifh fpots, on theunderfideofthem, not compafling it at the bottome, but every one flandingupon a fhort footedalke, and not dented abotit the edges at all, from the middle of the Aalke almofl, upwards at eve¬ ry joynt commeth forth the branches, which are fhort, nothing fo long as the former, and Aanding clofer toge- •ther, whereon grow a few leaves, IefTer then thofe below ; at Whofe toppes, and at fome of the upper joynts alfo,dand a few flowers leffer then the former, but yellow, and confiding office leaves as they are, with many yellow thrsds in them, ef a ftrajig fweete fent, which fojoyne together at the bottome, that the whole flower A,aa * ' ~ ~ ’ falktfe 544 C'hap. 33» Theatrum Botanicum . i. Lyfimacbia luted major vulgaris. Common yellow Loofeftrife or Willow herbs* Tr i b e;^ 3 . Lyftnachia luteaforeglobofo. R ©undhwdcd yellow WjIIow herbe. falleth away Together, and not any leafe apart, the ftot£ credit, t. in the fame manner, this hath a little more acrimony in it the/the othn " £ round ’ ard andofapale green flowers without any leaves on them, which are clofe fet tomher 1 * ^ C °™ for,h ,0 "S o n» fent'k 011 ^^'^ 3 ^ th^eedes^wherecvi'th^hey^tlMtcli ‘“t« unto him among other plants. 1 ' 3lth “ Was foond by a Pbyfitian neere the Alps, w h 9 All thefe forts doe flower from Iune unto AtigJft. Time ' ^ooke the na h ' S VZ her .^ b ? divbrs !n Lati,le > k !s bought by ^ft is C called a by^lV VaS '^^ e ^ p d ^ VGlrC ^ I ^^ C ^^ I ^^ZX tIl ai^^hat^f I, ^ WS ft 0rt ^^ El ^ a ^ bkc^Ieaves T r ; 1"* tjt&iofcoridu tHp C^UIa ; V cau IC ^tearta, Banbim mtati Tri B E 5 - 7he Theater of Plants* Cha p.34, 545 TJ ie $ Xt mb, “ "'*»• Tilt (mill puiple flowred Willow bcrbe. notatit. The laft is called by Label, Lyfimachia lutea altera-, by Clu/hts LiGmarb;* r I——:- 1 Dodenem in his Dutch Herball, Lyfimacbism ayuatile : by Baukmt LyfimJchia latifolia flare 0I0U0 lZ 7 o% ft t (heweth chat g~lim erred, in thinking 1 that Ljfimachta, was the Lutea befit tc jf t ! \i R ofth faiththat this Willowhearbe, hath an exceeding binding quality, and therefore Diofcorides faith iris I good to (lay all manner of bleedings at the mouth or nole, or of wounds, or howfoever and all n„ I belly, and the bloudy flix, given either to drinke,or taken by glider; it iiayethX the aboundanre a mens courfes: it is a fmgular good herbe for greene wounds, to Itay thebleedine and auicklv rn f W °* i elofe together the Iippesof the wound,if the juyee ofthe herbe onely be bruifed and applied • iL oft^nfed ri in gargles for fore mouthes, as alfo for the fecrec parts: it is found very certaine bv «ood ^vner.Vn ,1 ^ ? fmoake hereof being burned, driveth away flics and gnats, and other fuch likefmal! creatures t diverfe places, that are neere to Fennes, Marfhes, or water fides, to infefl them that dwell there in the ■* hr fon to flmg and bite'them, leaving themarkes andfpots thereof in their faces, &c whkfb fideTrt formity, which is but for a while, leaveth them that are thus bitten, not without paine foretime • it is favdX to drive away Serpents, or any other venemous creature, by the fmoakc of the hearbe burned. " ^ ° Chap. XXXIIII. Lyfimachia non fiicata. Willow herbe, with difperfed heads of flowers. I He fecond fortof Loofeftrife is of thofe whofe flowers Hand not in foiked at r j, I upon the flalkes, whereof there is two forts onely to be remembred in this Chapter ’ * ^ r. Lyfimachia minor rubra five purpurea. Small red flowred Willow herbe This fmall Willow herbe or Loofeftrife, is much lower than that of the lsurnle foiled h a being but a foots and a halfe high, with fmooth and fquarc flalkes, whofe tonnrs or/ ’ many branches; on the lower part thereof ftand long leaves,fmaller and narrower than the P other numlefnlX kindc; two alwayesfet together at a joyntioneagainft another: f 5 P e but thofe that grow above toward the toppes of the flalkes, are fmaller than the lowermoft, andkeepe not that order, but ftand confufedly thereon one above anothor, neere unto which, atthe joynts with the leaves, come forth feverall flowers, but not fpike faihion, infixe fquare heads ufually whofe toppes are not fo pointed, nor layd fooperras in the other, but being more elofe, thruft forth their flowers out of them, which con¬ fix offixe fmall reddifti purple leaves, with fome threds in the middle.- iherootecrecpeth not as the othersdoe, but is hard and fomewhat wooddy, with many fmall fibres, getting en- ercafe from the fides thereof. 2. Lyfimachia purpurea five rubra minima. The lead purple flowred Loofeftrife. This other Loofeftrife, being theleaft, rifethup fcarceafoote nigh, the ftalkes branch themlelves forth, from the very bor- rotne; fet thicke with fmall, long, and narrow leaves, almoft [ike thofe of Line or Flaxe, but fhorter; with whom at the ioynts come forth the flowers, fometimes two ataplace,but more ufually one, [landing in greene huskes, like unto the laft; lompofed of five fmall blewifh purple leaves, enclining to ed; in which huskes after the flowers are fallen, ftand final! ikinnie heads, wherein is conteined fmall whitifh feede,the •oote is fmall, long,and browne. Vntothis fort might belong, ccording to fome mens opinion, the Lyfimachia csruleagaleri- ulata, which I have already fet forth in the Chapter of Gra- iola,as a fort of that kinde,in the Claflis of purging plants; ut as I there fayd, there was the fitteft place for it in my judg- nent; both for that it is extreame bitter, and hath hooded owers. both which are proper to the Gratiola, andnottothc yfimaebia, none of them being fo: as alfo that diverfe f good judgement have likewife called it Gratiola C&Yti m a. The Place. The firfl: groweth in moyft Meddowes, and grounds nigh ' ito water courfes, in many places of Hungary , as CInput ith, the other he faith alfo he had of Doftor ./Wlwv*, who ga~ ered it in fonae places ('not named) in his returns out of Italy ito Germany , ' * . —^ S Tht %c\6 C H A P.35. Tbeatrum Botanicum . Tri b E.5, The Time. They flower in Iunc and Inly with the reft. The Names. The fuCiChfiac calleth Lyfimachia purpose* fecunda five minor ■ and by Bauhinus, Lyfimachia rubra non filioiio. ]a: the other Clufieu likewise called}, Lyfimachia rubra minimal and Etwtiinw Lyfimachia Lini folia purpurea carulea. The Vertues. It is no doubt but thefe ht rbes.being fo like in face and outward forme unto the Lyfimachia ,are not onely to be accounted 10{fecks thereof, but of the fame property in home meafure with them,but thereof I knownotany tryall made, and therefore can lay no more of them. Ghap. XXXV. Lyfimachia jpicata. Loofeftirfe with fpiked heads of flowers. S Here are likewife two forts of this kinde of Lyfimachia to be entreated of in this Chapter, which are as followeth. J 1. LyfimachiaJpicatapurpnrea. Purple fpiked headed Loofeftrife. This Willow herbe or Loofellrife, that carryeth a fpiked head of flowers, groweth with many wooddyfquare (hikes, full of j'oynts, about three foote high at the lead, ateveryone whereof ftand two long leaves, not altogether fo great and large as thofe of the common yellow, but (horter, narrower, and of a deeper greene colour, and fome brownifh : the (hikes are branched into many long Itemmes of (piked Rowers, halfe a foote long; growing in rondlesonc above another, out of fmall huskes, very likeuntothe fpiked heads of La- vander; each of which flowers have five round pointed leaves, ofa purple violet colour, orfomewhatcnclining toredneffejin which huskes (land fmall round heads, after the flowers are fallen, wherein is conteined (mall feede: the roote crcepeth under ground like unto the yellow, but is greater than it, and foare the heads of leaves, when they firft appeare out of the ground, and arc more browne than thofe of the yellow. Lyfimachia Virginianaflare cameo. Blulh Willow herbe of Virginia. This Willow herbe hath many faire long and large leaves.&c. expeft the reft hereafter. a. Lyfimiachia fyicata ctrulea. Blew fpiked Loofeftrife. This blue flowred Loofeftrife, groweth iomewhat lower, with fome branches in the like manner at the toppea of the fquare (hikes, and with darke greene and narrower leaves, fetby couples at the joynts towards the i. Lyfimachiapurpurea Jpicata. Purple fpike headed Loofeftrife. 2 . lyfimachia caru'ea Jpicata. Blue fpiked Loofeftrife. T R IBE.^, The Theater of Plants. CHAF.36. 547 iT.T.T,; r u t u rPP nr fnbbeat a iovnt lower, fomewhat decpelycr fnippedor dented about the edges: the E; ISfora.etdotunbngfp.U wf ftt roandah^t withfcflawcn, ofToJreTeaves a pcece, which turne into fmall Bat heads with browmfh feede therein : the roote creepcth no: as the fiift doth,but fhooteth forth many fprouts round about it, whereby it doth much encreale. The P lace. The former groweth ufually by rivers, and ditches fides, m wet grounds; as upon Lambeth fide about the ditches there, in many placesithe other is f^dome found in our Land, but m Avfirta, and other places of Germany P lenciful ‘f- The Time. ■ Both thefe doe flower in the monthes of Itme and Inly. The Thames; The fdrmoft is certainely the Lyfmachia that PVyme remembreth, and to take the name from lyfimacb^ as is before fayd, and is the Lyjimachia alien of tJHatthwlw, the Lyfimacbta Plimam or purpurea of LoM in his Mverfaria andObfervdtioiis; the Lyfmachia purpurea comm major , of Clufzo ; thzPfeudo Lyfimachtum purpureum alterum of ‘Podontw ■, and the SolMgim Sarafemcaaha frectts oi Tragwr. there have beenefome that have taken it for e«patorium, and fome for a kmde of but they have erred both : the other is taken by fome, to be Veronica reela major, but others and that more truely make it a Lyfimachta- as C lupus,v/bo callethk Lyfmachia caruleoflore ; LobelLyfmachiacaruleahorteufv ; Lugdunenft and s cold,and put into the wounds, and the place covered with a linnen cloath, doubled an anno n „ f , , ' this was proved on a Captaine, who was (hot in two places with bullets, the one t roug ’ r through his thigh, and was perfectly cured of both wounds without any fearre,, one y y ?PP r i , fayd, when as he could not be holpen by other remedies applyed. It likewife denfeth and healeth al fade ulcers and fores wherefoever, and ftayeth their inflammations, by wafhing them with the water, and laying oil them a grecne leafe or two in fumtner, or dry leaves in winter. This water gargled warme in the mouth, and fometimes drunke alfo, doth cure the Quinfie.and Kings Evil! in the throate : taketh away all fpots, or markes and fcarres in the skinne, which are cauled by the Meafells fmall Poxe or the like. And laftly.if one drinke of this water, when they are very thirfty, or 111 any journey not having any drink, it will prefently flake their third. Chap. XXXVI- Lyf machia filiejuofa. Codded Loofcftrife. SHE laft kinde of Loofcftrife to be fpoken off, is thofe that bcare their feedes in cods, whereof l there are divers, one kind hereof under the name of Chamauertum flareMphmtj, Willow fl we , I and the Virginian Looftftrife,bclongethto this place ; which although I have fetthem ' I former Book,and wil not deferibe them againe,yet I wil here give you the figure of the* tfgi iM i ' I, Lyfinta chiafiliquofa anguflifolia ( hamper turn qejnen ditta. - > The narrow leafed codded Loofeftrife. • . r This codded Loofeftrife (I place firft oftfiis kinde, as moft worthy in my judgement, both for the rarity,beau- tv and property)rifeth up with divers hard (hikes, about two and fometimes three footehigh.w.th many very narrow lon« "teene leaves thereon, fomewhat like unto Rofemary leaves in my opinion fet very thicke with two at a jovnt thofe below, being (hotter then rhofc up higher, at the toppes of the (lalkes come ftirth many flowers ’made off curt fmall round pointed leaves, ofafine reddifh colour and fome threds in the; middle, pimMt eveTv o^e Handing on theboppe of a fmall long almoft fquare codde, whit.lh on the outfide, and fluffed with finec^onordow'ne, wherein lye bright ted feedes, which ers doe breake forth at the ends of them, whereupon fome have called it Film ante patrem, the roote creepcth in the fame manner that the yellow and blew doe. Of this kinde both Gefnerw, Tbalm , and Chfm fay,they found one with white flowers, not differing m any thing elfe from the 0™!'. 3, Lyfimachia (jhamcxeriumdicla ^flpma. The mountame codded Loofeftrife. ThismountaineLoofeftrif*hatji very fhottftalkes, feldome more then a (bate high, whereon 54^ Chap. 36. _ c TheatrunfBota nicnm ---._^' RlB K narrow leaves, likeuntothe former, yet fome lnnurr rh*>n tt---- ____ 5 . times from the middle of the longer, and fometimes (land ar rh/’ ^ flowers upon (lender long purplifh ftalkcs, and fometimes whki^o^' ^ ° f the fta,kes ftand rfici jm iome of a vvhitilli blew colour, confiding of fourerea- " fapUr P llfll or ^difh blew colour, and finable nrear ««, ...- - • ■ “ «■ -WWa—wta Ge Im ii Z The narrow leafed codded ‘4r U1 " l y ul[unDle w colour,conl.lt.ng of foure rea- lonable great leaves.even as great as the former,which the fmallnes of the plant doth tcarfe admit, with fome threds m the middle every oik of them (landing in a fmall huskc compofed of foure fhortgreene leaves, wherein after the flowers are fa fne,grow up fmall ong pods, with imal feed n them, enciofed in downe lijce the other,the roote hereof cepetll not,but IS COmnnfpH 1 1 I he narrowleafed codded Loofeftrife. ..i uicm,cncioica in downe like the other,the roote hereof n°t,but is compofed of many fibres, which whe¬ ther it beanmiallor longer abiding,1 have not yet learned. 3* Lyfimacbia filiquofa manor. §•!. ! 3 * Lyfimacbia filiejstofa major. The greater codded Loofeftrife. This greater Loofeftrife fhooteth forth divers round grecnc Halites, three footc high at ihe lead, bearing there on at the fevcrall joynts, tw® leaves a peece, which are' fcmewhat like the common yellow Loofeftrife, but final cr and line other, greenc on the upper fide, and of a vel owiflrgreene underneath and dented about the edges' the (hikes fend out from the middle upwards many bran ’ ches, at the toppes whereof grow many fmall Ion. pods o( a .vh.nlh greene purple colour, wherein the reSdifl,’ feede lying in downe is contained, and at the end ofthem after they have appeared a good while; come forth the flowers made or foure round pointed leaves a peece, with fome threds in the middle, of a faint reddifh or purplifh colour, t.ie roote is fomewhat great and white, creeping e very way underground, and quickly pofleffin" a X, n f n .. P- at 0: f ground, which abide in the winter, although the ‘ M °- “ alke “ d H downe cver y y«ire. Of this fort likew.Te feldomeand raTe? nC ^ W “ h VvhiKfl °wers, but very .4- Lyfimachia filtijHoftt minor viiloarU fjlveslrii The wilde lefler codded Loofeftrife This lefler lort that groweth wilde in divers places ri- fethupfcaife two foore high, and in fome places, not a 3 • Lrfmcm m ,j„. V ,10t a * Thcg eater codded Ljofeflufe. *■ irn&nuu. Codded Looftftrife ° Ulr gMta, or tree Primrofe of Virginia. m W hove Tribe. 5, Tbs Theater of 'Plants, Cha p -37 549 . jove a foote high, with finaller ftalkes and narrower leaves, not lb greene, but rather of a grayifh dully greene colour, and hath many branches, bearing his flowers olfoure leaves a pccce, at the ends oflong pods, of a dee- j !,er red colour, as the former doth, and hath like fecde in downe but (mailer : the roote is fmall and fibrous ,dy- K ri \ 1 ng every yearc. _ _ y. Lj/frHitcfjiali/iquofafyfaefirishirfuta, Hairy wilde codded Loofeflrife, This other is in growing, and height in leaves and flowers, and ycarely dying like unto the lad defcribed,the meiy difference betweene them is, that the leaves arc more hairy, and as it were woolly, and the flowers alfo mall and paler. •. . 60 Lpfmachiafliquofa Virginiana, Codded Loofeftrire or V irginia* tf This is fet forth in my former Booke, and (ois Cbamuncrium Cjcfocri, , The Place, rf The firft groweth more often in moift grounds then in dry, yet Gefner and others fay; it: doth grow in thofc >laces that are open to the Sunne all day, it will hardly abide in our Gardens, unlefle it be planted ip fome {ha¬ llo wy place. The fecond grbweth upon the Alpcs, in the Country of the Switzers. The third groweth in di¬ ners mGift places, and is often found of it felfc in Gardcns,al waies delighting where it may be kept moift by fhaq (lowing, the other forts grow wilde in dry grounds, as by the wayes, and lanes, and borders of fields. The Time, They doe all flower in lune and and are quite pall in Auguft for the moft part. The Names, . They are all called Ljrjimacbia flliquofa from the long cods they oeare, which none of the others have, the for-* I noft are alfo called Chamsnerium by Cjefner, but in my minde that name doth more fitly ferve to the other fort hereof, which we call the Willow flower, fet forth in my former'Booke, by the name of Chfim&nemsm fine \iclphinf for that hath long greene leaves, very like unto Peach leaves, or the leaves of Nerium^ or Oleander vhe Rofe bay, whereas this as I faid, hath narrow leaves like Rofemary, and Gefner himlelfe doth not well like of che name Qhamaneriujp^ but rather calleth it PoGnv £pilobium y a.\vo*& made of three, that is quia violafdefi fiosjuperfiliquanafcitur, and reckoneth up fixe forts thereof, as he fetteththem downc, at the end of Cordus his Hiftory of Plants. Dodon&w and Lobel have fet this forth as a finaller kinde of the greater wilde fort, which is the third here fet downe. And Bauhinus calleth it Lyfmachia latifolUy and this Anguftifolia, as they ought to be. Lugdunenjts expreflcth it under the narfTe of Linaria rubra, Dodon ° ut ltanc! more upright, having fomewhat narrower and greener leaves then the other, and the flowers lean t ic er o g ether, a:, it were in a fpiltc, ofafaintblew colour, andtherootecreepethunderground. there isa hereof, differing onely in the lownefie, and in the linallnelfe both o( leaves and flowers. fo. Veronica (bleat a latiMi/i major. The greater fpikeflowrcd.SpeedewcIl. This greater fpiked Speedeweii, rifeth up with divers crelled Halites full of joynts, two foote high, whereon •fl and two large, (tining, thicke, and darke greene leaves, and iu fome neither (Tuning nor lo darke, wra^hac dented about"the edges, the ftalkes have very feldome any branches, but have fometimes two or thre. ftalkes of fpiked flowers, fomewhat larger then the laft, and of the fame paje blew colour, flowring y g the lowed firft, the feede that folio weth is fmall, endofed in fmall flat huskes as the other, the ,oote is ome what blacke and fibrous, encreafihg by the fides. 4 Veronica eretba ancufiifo/ia. Spiked Speedwell with narrow leaves, F This upright Speedeweii hath his ftalkes about two foote high,fet at the joynts with two leaves atpeece,which arc lonner and narrower then the laft, and flightly dented about the edges, of a bitter and unp eafant talte, on the toppes of the ftalkes, which are as feldome branched as the laft, (land the flowers in long fpiked hea s, many fet together, every one having foure pale blew leaves a pecce, with fome threds in the middle, which after they are pall gi*e fmall feede veffels, which are flat, but a little fwellmg in the middle, and bieornered aune Minor. "r IBE.5, The Theater 0} 'Plants* c H A P 3i ner. I. head, wherein lye very fmall brownilh feede ; the root' creepeth in the ground and fhooteth forth many fibres* 5, Veronica, pratenps minor . Small medow Speedewell. The fmall medow Speedewell, hath many leaves.fmal- ler, greener,fmoother,and rounder then any of the former, orowinf by couples on the divers lpreading ftalkes, and at thetoppe, divers fmall blew flowers like thelaft, andlois the feede likewife, the roote creepeth in the fame man- 6, Veronica minima TSellidij folio. The lead Speedewell with Dailie leaves, r This Speedewell groweth not an handbredth high, with an hard hairy flexible fialke.bendingdowne to the ground¬ ward, at the foote whereof are many hairy leaves, lmall, thicke, fomewhat round pointed, and of a darkc greene colour, very like unto the Blew Daifie leaves, but on the ftalkeithathbut few, two Handing alwayes at a Joynt, one oppofite to the other, theflowersareblew.of fotire and fometimes of live leaves a peace; with a pointell and two threds in the middle, the feed veffels that follow arc flat and fhort, bearing a pointell in the middle, and con- taine fuch like fmall brownith feede, the roote creepeth a- bout,and encreafeth quickly. 7. Veronicafrntic/tns. Shrubby Speedewell. Shrubby Speedewell hath many wooddy flexible bran¬ ches, a foote high or more,lying upon the ground, and taking roote as they lye, full of joynts, whereat (land two long thicke greene fhining leaves .dented about the edges, one againfl: another, at the joynts with the leaves on each fide or the ftalke, arife long greene branches, with fuch like leaves on them, atthetoppes whereof (land fixe or feaven flowers, one above another confiding of fonrc and fometimes offive leaves, of a very dainty blew colour, and more pale in the middle, circled about with a red ring,having in the middle a long flile or pointell, and two 8. veronica minor Lipina . Small laoimuine Speedewell. 7 ; V.-.’hi.sif.ui Sm 11L u) Sj'cu'e 9. Veronica Tatcij fade. (jernianderlike Speedewell. CnAP.37. _ Theatrum Botanicutn. Tribe' ■ ----- 1 v 1 a { lmall long threds, after which come the feede veflek Z ~___ _ ' * rw ,h '“ 1 ’**- ^ -i-fi. yssBjssfa^r^-j-jj Thisfmall Speedewell from a faaM hltd7„d mou " taine Speedewell. thereon by couples, fomewhat larger then Mother of 1 Time'kam° fcldcmed ‘Ted 0 ’^"T With fn,a11 leave darkegreene colour, the flowers are fmall and of a nale blew rlf’, n j- d d L about hedges, and of them, fometimesconflfting of foure,andfometimesoffij W p ^ ’ flandin g WJthout order at ‘the tonpeso This Speedewell hash fquare tough ftalfeTalwiua f (1 < ? e Vt la [’ *>'**»*»* onel y taketh it t« by the Greekes call the true Jd right ** that is called K^ w^ Z7 h ’ nd/upj,* difttngu.flWt from the oth r 15 "rZZ 'T^ CaHed of ^ »««£ and many learned men doe likewise referre moil of the other 1 m b “ tlme '°oke it to be Ttucrium is called by Ctfalfjnu, Auricula muris tenia, as the (biota is l,;. f tbe , rclmt °- The fecond ordinary upright fori Ttodontm calleth pratenfs, ^ f th hcre > (tnaVeromca mmorfertiUWU. Dedcuau, in his French HertalSrh "r^’ J bUt Lohdm bis ^“W but by the judgement ofthe bed Herbarilfs ofour times all thefe fni H ' h } s B m ” a ’ ^0 did Tahentmum, ng another herbe of a differing forme,as you fhal pTelent v u/d TT^'s ?'' tbe male h^the female be creen?r U h C ’ 7 * a ' p o ofhL fecondS3 *»"* erred not onelyl ereepeth contrary to the very title, but in the flowers alfo favinrr.he, d 7^“’ n0t onc,y in fa y in g 'bar ’ them Thf/r F° thcmb y mod other authours, and therefore 7oral ° W ‘ *!! thc / tftbavc their name, t r™‘. T c C 1 ? l,ms cal1 !' Veromca ™{chio. The Germans Grmdhni * If nCedea furtber explanation ol hat is to fay honour and praife, and fo the Dutch as Lobclhhh cm 7 ft !>> ***"> mUlimt, 'szussspt <-~^asfts»si;-ssi remedy for rife Plague, rrid'rfr'irsOomoli^lgl^^^ys^lg'y mof ll emirio ir, and j s held a lingular good from hehea r t,andafterwards to corroborate [ ° CXpe “ and po g yfo„ hearbe to the quantity of a dramme or two, be given w th " Hr n ? yl0Ine va P ours - if ,h e ponder of the wine,andtheybelaydtofweate : thedec^iofofth^erhe°' g0od Treaclc > ln af ^ a >l ^ulo feme Wine, performeth the fame thing : it is reported that a r thed.ffilled water thereof, given thereof by this heatbe.one of his huntfmen .d^K m *ii^* K A tr ?l hled wi,h thc Lc P rofie > wfs cured ftmtfni| a h a tUrn V ngS and fwimm ‘"gs, and other S paines of the hcad^ d °H h ’ — 'F' on , d , crfu "y belpe the memory, nowd're” T7 b 7 C V ir denfctb the blood fr^m corruption the He *»} h r. Cl P: Cth WOmCn t0 b «ome Lof I' h r e fdr yf d)and S lvenini towne diflrilled water «iinpnla d n?'° n „ of the brarbetn water, or thc rrveH h f brcftandlun § cs ’by'be warming and drying quaiitv g . , go ° dforallm annerof ccughes anddifea- ‘ r ^, d >. who give their fheepe that are troubled with til couvlf o^h'r, th 'c S tbe She Phe a "ls have fufficiently 1 th un "“P^'h'heobftruftionsof the Iiver^ and i, rheif 0rthebbe > of this hearbe, and a little faff c obllrnftions of thefpleene, being taken for Yome time ore | §°. oc l fortheyellow Taundife: itopenethalfo der otoT, h ,,nCg l rt0 f!-’ eregion of ^ hef P lcene outwardly ifcleniVthTh'^^ ' he herbe brUi;(eda ” d a PP ! > ' bSk°e r , 0 ,ll e ": 0 ! bc ; ra, C 0 - 0 5 a ".v other inward «?»4i der nr f u S c t0 ? e reglon of thef P lce "e outwardly. it c en e V. y ’, tne ncrbe b ""'ed and appl, breakerhe d m0th£ ; a,f0 ’ 0ran y 0ther inwa ' d woundso^fores ■ '“‘"".'lonof the reinesandbk ir' r 1 bf°ne, and as Paulut *s£gineta faith, isofmuch gnnH nfe ‘ P 11 ob ,'b Vrine, and helpeth rhereby and nofr ff g -°° d L° bca,e a11 frefh wounds, and cuts in thlflefl, fne H mede r cmcs for 'he backe and reines : o?d frc'ttilf erlngt ^ £I1 ' t0gatbcr corr nption itis no elfc dfcftUW, d< f " S ?' lippCS of thcm '°S«b bleeffnl?S S ’ 0rrunmn g fores otulcers, that are of hard curatton ft '**'" 5 tWCrs ’ ^ d ^louk ally thofe in^X° Und T S or °'h« fluxes of blood m any otherpart andd ffnl ° i ? “nitnuancet it flaycth 1 ytnoiein thenccke. The diflilled water of the herhe P 1, ’ and , °lvethall tumorsand fwellintjs efne CZlZiTl *' irlSKSfflSai'&SSf' i «•><«. hX® Chip,’ The Theater of'Plants , Chap.^8, 55^ Tribe I _ T Chap. XXXVI 1 L Veronica fuminafive SUtine. Vladlen or the female Speedwell. * me varieties, obferved by diverfe, namely two forts, but we mult thereunto I. Elatimfolio fitbrotnr.do , Round leafed Flvellen. « TRis Fluellen fhooteth forth, many long branches, partly lying upon the ground, and part ftan- ii dinguprigbt, fet with almoft round leaves, yet a little pointed at the ends, and (ometimes more lone than n round, without order thereon, being fomewhat hoary, and of an evill greenifh white colour: atthe/jynts all r along the (hikes, and with the leaves come forth fmall flowers,one at a place,upon a very fmall (liortfootefialk, J gaping fomewhat like thofe of Snapdragon, or rather Linaria Todefiaxe, whole upper jaw is of a yellow colour. and the lower of a purplifh, with a fmall heele, or fpurre behinde, as the Linaria hath : after which come fmall j round heads, that containe fmall blackcfeede, the roote is fmall audthreddy, dying every yeere, andraifethit t lclfe againe of it owne lowing. This other Fluellen hath longer branches, wholly trayling uoon the ground, twoor three footelong, and fomecimes more, and more thinntly fet with leaves thereon, upon (mall foote llalkes; which are a little larger and fomewhat round, and cut in or cornered fometimes in fome places on the edges, but the lower part of them, being the broadefl hath on each fide, a fmall point,making it feeme as if they were eares,fomewhat hayrie but not hoary, and of a better greene colour than the former: the flowers come forth at the joynts with the leaves, upon little long llalkes, every one by it felfe, one above another, in forme very like unto the other, but the colours therein are more white, than yellow, and the purple is not fo faire ; it is a larger flower, and fo are the l'eede and feede veffels: the roote is fmall and threddy like the other, and penfheth every yeere 3. Elatineflore ctruleo foliocjue acumimatc. Cornered Fluellen with blew flowers. This third Fluellen differcth little from the la(f,but that the leaves thereon are not fo much cornered about the edges, and leffe pointed alfo, at the foote or lowed part of them, and the flower is almoft all blew, with a very little whitifh colour therein. ‘ Thefe doe all grow in divers cornefields, and in borders about them, and in other fertile grounds, asabout Sotithfleete in Kent aboundantly : at Bnckworth alfo, Hamertomni Ricbverfworth in Huntington (hire, anddi- vers other places, both there and elfe where. They all likewise are in flower about Ime and Inly, and the whole plant is dry and withered before Atttai 3. Elaiine foliofubrotutido. Roond leafed Fluellen. E latine folio acminato. ■fluellenwith cornered leaver. 554 Chap. 59 * Tkeatrum 'Botanicwn. 1 RIB £,5. The Names, Itis calledinGreeke Elat me, by the Arabians dtbin, and by the judgement of the mod judicious in thofe latter tunes, taken to be the true and right herbethat 1 Diofcorides, hath fet forth by that name, although tome did feeme to doubt of it, as not knowing what Helxme Diofcoridis meaneth, unto whole leaves he coniDa- reth it, whether unto Helxme, which is Pantaria, or Helxme Cijjliwjpr/W.theblackeBindweed. Seraph feemeth to make Flatme a kinde of fmall VolubilU or liindweede, forfohe comparethit to Helxine, which can bee n other than Cipmpelos, but his interpreter Paul™ ey£gmeta doth turne Helexme to be Earictaria. KueUm toolie Raptflrum campeftre, the Wilde Char/orks to be it,for the which Mattbiolm contefteth againft him, as alfo a‘ainll thole that would make Numuuna Mony worr, orherbe two pence to be Elat me, and againft others that mad® FimpinelLi,Barnet, becaufe neither of them were hayrie.nor grew in Corne grounds, as Diofcorides faith E/a tine doth. Fufchiw calleth It Veronica fsminx,md fo doth Mattbiolut, Loniccrpu, Camerarius Dodows and others, and Lobe l and feme others Elatine ‘Diofcoridis. Lugdunenfn calleth it Vcrbafum amrundam for than lome in thole parts, did it fhould feeme fo call it, andyetgiveththefamefigure thereof that he gave to Vermi ca fammttUKatthwli. Thefecondis called Elatine Matthiolihy Lugdunenfs and Cajlor Durantes becaufe he £rlt let forth the figure thereof in his laft Edition, fent him as he (ayd from Cmtttfm, for in his other Editions he knew notthisfort. Dodonam and others call it Elatine altera. Fabius Cohmrna calleth it Linaria HedernU folio becaufe as I fayd the flowers are (omewhat like a Linaria or Todcflaxe, and the leaves cornered like W- the Speed we ft rtm ^' DuUh ‘ &c ‘ doC M folljw thc Latine Vmmca and we call it by the name of female The Vert ties. Althoughithat Flatten be (omewhat bitter, yet iris held to be more cooling with the drying property than the former Speedwell. The leaves, faith Diofcorides and Plinye, bruiledandapplyed with Barlv meale to rh« eyes that are watering, by defluxions from the head, and that are hot and inflamed withall, doe very much helne them ; it helpeth alio all other defluxions, as alfo the fluxes of blood, or humours, which ?re the laske and bloody flixe, as alfo womens too aboundant courfes, and ftayeth all manner of bleeding whether at the note mouth,or any other place, or that commeth by any veine burl!, bruifed or hurt, wondcrfelly helnintr all thnfe i„ ’ ward parts,that neede confolidating or ftrengthning, and is no Idle effefluall. both to healt andclofr wounds, as to clenfe or heale all foule or old Vlcers, frettingor fpr,lading Cancres, or the like asthenvall thereof made upon one can witnefle; whofe nole being almoft conlumed with a Canker, was fa’s Pena tenor teth rtjto have his nole cut off,by the Chirurgians appointed thereunto by the Phyfitians.to prderve the reft of the body ready to fall into a Leprofic, whofe determination being over heard by a Ample Barber in company drfi red that he might beforehand, make tryall of an herbe, he had feene his Matter tile in the like cafe- which’beftw granted, he by uling the juyee and concoftion of this herbe taken inwardly, and thc herbe ufed outwardly re 3 covered the man who was not onely cured of the danger of his nole, but of his whole body, and thereby he was freed from the difeale he was falling into. This occafion doth make me chinke, that not onely in this herbe But 111 many other fimple herbes, cur forefathers found helpc of many difeafes, and therefore ufed fewer com pounds: and were we m thele tune; as mduftrious, to fcarch into the fecrets of the nature of herbes, as the for" met ages were, and to make tryall of them, we foould no doubt finde the force of fimples, many times no leffe efteflnali than of compounds : but of this enough, yet not too much, fo as I might provoke fome learned to bee more mduftnom.and not hke droanes onely to lucke the honey from others hives; ithelpeth alfo all the out ward defefts of the sk.nne, when it is difcoloured, as it is laydof the former: for they are both of a faculty very neere in effeft, one unto another, and therefore what is fayd of the one, may very well be applyed to the Minor. Chap. XXXIX. Numfhria. Money-wort, or herbe two pence. SHerebetwofo tsof Numular,^ greater than another, thatbeare both of them yellow flowers* $ if that the fertility, orffer.l.ty of the foyledoe not caufe the fame,which Illiall (hew you here and « T H fn h n V K e a ! 10ch 5 :r lefTerfort, with purple (lowers, which is alfo found w.lde in our ovmc and Pina} ’ th ° USh bUt “ “ kW Wh ’ ch ‘ S rcmembred b X "° author but Eanhinm in his ProdoZ, i. Numulana vulgar is, Common Money-wort The common Money wort, fendeth forth from a fmall threddie root^ divers long, weake, and flendet branches, lying and running upon the ground, two or three foote long or more, fet on btth fideswith leaves with two at a joynt one againft another, at equall diftances, which a“e almoft ’round" buTpolnted at the end ’ fmooth and of a good greene colour : atthejoynts with the leaves, trom the middle forward, come forth a? every joynt, (ometimes one yellow flower and fometimes two, (landing each on a (mall footeftalke and made of five narrow leaves, pointed at the ends,with fome yellow threds in the middle, which being paft’there (land in their places, fmall round heads of leedc. ’ using pair, mere itana There is one of this fort, much lefler than the former, not elfe differing. , „.?• Nurauhria minor ftore papfurafeente. Small Money-wSit with purplifo flowers This fmall Money-Wort (preadeth and runneth on the ground, in the fame manner that the former doth with two very little leaves, fet at every joynt of the ftalke, which are as round or mote thanThe^former with a 2 point at the ends: the flowers likewife ftand in the fame manner at the joynts, but much ftStatta hev and af_ a purplilh red colour: after which comefeede in round heads alike! but lelT™asthe roote i! 7o[^- „ , ■ r . Tht FIaCt - Both tne former forts grow in our owne Land, inmoyft grounds by hedge fides, although the firftmore plcntifull 2. Nuvmularia minorfio'epurpurnfcemc. Small Money-wort with purplifh flowers. and My, and their feede is ripe quickly after. The Names, It is called oF the later Latine writers (for none of the ancient either greeke or Latines, have made any mention of it, unleffeitbe Eremhcdanum of Theophra- fbm,lib.p.c. 14. as P^thinketh, which Gaza tranilateth Rubia, but that the ver- tues thereof doe not agree herewith ; and Numulum of Vlinje, lib. j 8. c. 2 8, which is falfly fet downe ATimmului,) Numularia of the round forme of the leafe, like unto money. Brunfe-tfins and others call it Serpentaria, becaufe it hath beene found that Serpents have helped themfelves therewith being wounded, and Centummorbium, and Gefner Centimorbid, or Q?ntummorbia^ of the fingularity to.helpe difeafes and wounds, Some have called it Lttnaria minor. Taberrhontcmm (and others before him) calleth it Hirundinaria, fome fay, q#od hirttndinis infiar pa/'s im terr£ adherent. Bauhinw hath made mention of the laft- The Italians qhW \tNummolaria x the french CMonnoyere, the Cjermanes fgelkfaut and Tfcunmchraut- the Dutch ?cnmcliccruijt- and we in Snglijb Herbe two pence 9 or two penny graffe, but more ufualy Money-wort. The V'ertues , Moneywort is fomewhat cold, but very •affringent,binding and drying, whereby it is (ingular good for to ftay all fluxes of blood in man or woman whether they be !askes,bloody flcixes,thc flowing of womens moneth- Iv courfes* or bleedings inwardly or outwardly, alfo the weakenefl'e of the tlomacke, that is given to ca¬ tling, it is very good alfo, for all ulcers, or excoriation of the lungs or other inward parts; yet fome fhepherds and others doe thinke it is very hurtfull for their cattell to feede thereon, and that it caufeth their lungs to blitter* which afluredly is but a conceit or opinion, for no cold and binding thing was ever knowne to exulcerate. It is exceeding good for all wounds either frefh or greene,to heale them fpeedily, for old ulcers alfo, which by their b Bbb 2 humidity. Theatrum Botanicum. 55 6 Chap. 40. Trib B humidity, and by the fluxe of moift and fharpe humours, arc cither fpreading or long in curine. f Qr purpofes, the juice of the hcrbe, or the powder drunke in water,wherein hot fleele hath becne often quenched- or the decoftion of the dry or greene herbe in wine or water drunke, or the feede, j'uice, or decoftion nr.,' to the outward places, to wa£h or bathe them, or to have tents dipped therein, and put into them arc effe- 1 Chip. XL. Fctronychia. Whitlow wort, or Whitlow graffe. Lthoogh difclaimeth all the forts of Paronychia expreffed by all other An thours, referring s them all to Lome one or other hcrbe,and although thofe that I fhall fet forth here by that name, doe i not fully anfwer the defeription oiDitfcoridci, yet becaufe divers worthy Authours have fo called : them, and I had rather if they have erred,erre with them, then be Angular in error with Bauhinus, let them therefore receive their place here at this time. r. Paronychiamajor. The greater Whitlow wort. The greater Whitlow wort hath very many leaves lying on the ground,in a round compaffe one by another, of ( tnrec inches long, and one broad a peece, rough, hairy, ofadarke greene colour, and fomewhat dented about : tne edges, itandmg upon (hortfootellalkes, from the middle of whom rife up one or two fmall round naked 1 taUtes, with few or no leaves thereon, fearfe able to (land upright, but bending downewards.at the tops wher- ■ fharpe as the n WhlK " owers,a ^ er come fmall lon S P°ds containing fmall reddifh feede,nothing fo hot and 1 . a. Parmjchia altera minor, Theleffer Whitlow-wort. „ „' S , that ‘^mailer, hath likewife divers leaves lying on the ground, leffer then the former, fomewhat me unto tne idler Mouleare, called Cats foote, but not fo hoary, yet a little hairy, and of a ycllowifh greene 4 . Fnonjcbia alint twaia/bhm. 4 . Fmnythu mififdiji. lagged Whitlow gufle. 3* P& r Qfiychii sllfines folio. Common Whitlow grafle. colour from which fprmg divers (mail [fraight and creffed flalkes, halfea a®" ° r more * branching forth at the toppes, where ftand divers white flowers, unto whom doe follow very (lender long pods, like thofe of Flixeweed, full of fmall reddifh feede, as fharpe and hot in taflc as Creffes, the roote is fmall,hard and wooddy. 3« Paronychiavulgario Alftnes folio. Common Whitlow graffe. This is a very fmall herbe, feldome tiling to be an handbreadth high ha= vmg many fmall and fomewhat long leaves, lying next unto the roots, fomewhat like thofe of Chickeweede, butfomewhat longer and whiter from whence rife divers (lender naked (lalkes, bearing many white flowers {„„„ t-L! r ■ . -• • one above another, exceeding fmall, after which come fmall flat Douches' JethenofanyT^ wherein is contained very fmall feede, of a fharpe taftc, the rootes are a few fmall T . .• sari .-1 F * r °”T ch '“ , f oH l s tagged Whitlow graffe. fmah cuu m,Yinp Sft ffe ' h . a .* fa,Ile pale °rreddifh; greene leaves, cut in on the edges into two or three Md fuch lik^l f 5 f, me ' lke “ nt0 the . leaves of Rue > or hcrfa e grace; it hath fewer Italkes then the former, ad fHch like leaves but finallcr, fet thereon in home places, with feme white flowers at the tops of the flalkes, which Tribe. 5. The Theater of‘Plants* CHAP.41. 557 which turne about like a Scorpions taile, greater then the other, and huskes that hold the feede greater alfo, the rootes are fmall and fibrous. The? lace. The two firft forts are found upon open hils, and in the dryer grounds of them, both the laft forts are often : found together, that is either upon old [lone or brickewals, or in dry gravelly grounds, yet dill where it hath a: grade or mode or the like, growing neere to fhadow it. The Time, . T They flower very earely in the Spring, for they are all pad by the end of April/, and arenottobe found all the n; Sommer following. The Names. r Thefe are not as I faid, the true Paronychia of Diofcorides ,but received under that name by good Her- 1: barids,ffa«fcxnrasl faid before difclaimeth all the forts of‘?4royyffcfl,&referreth them all to one plant or other, ! t as he thinketh bed,and therein I think he hath as much erred,as he thought others did, for althogh the Paronychia 8 primaoMatthioli, be true Rutamuraria, or Salvia vac, being ot the talte and quality of the red of the capillary si herbes, as you (hall heare when wee come to fpeake of them in their proper place, mi Matthiolw his Parony- \< chia altera, be Anthyllit A/Jives folio, yet how Battlrinw ihould make the Paronychiafolijs incifisftve r macro folio 0 to be a Sednm, rather then the other, calling it Sednm tridaSlyliter teUorum, 1 cannot well le e; for the leaves rl thereof doe not lye compafdng one another, as all or mod of the Seda’s doe,neither ate the leaves thereof thicke, a as mod of them are, nor are the Seda's hot in tade as thefe are, and although Loniccrus fetteth forth the Medicu I Innata, (whofe figure and defeription I have given you in my former Bookc ) for a Paronychia, whereunto as he I faith, Diofcorides his defeription doth not much vary, which is called alfo Lunaria Italicafis a difference from the i Lunaria (jermamca, which may be refufed, yet in my opinion he hath erred as much as in the others, to make 1 all the other here fet downe to be fpecies of Bnrfapafioris, and I cannot but mervaile alfo at Qerard, in that hee j had meant, if he had lived to have (eenc his worke publidied againe, with the additions, to have made another ! Paronychia, by the name cf Par ony chi aCambr onJisyoizo herbe that he had received from a friend thatfent it him, I being gathered upon a mountaine in Wales, whichisthe P yroia Europea a/fines floremmor, as by his defeription : may plainely appeare, but I mudexcufe him in that, I thinke he never read,or marked what he read of PyreU s Alfinesflare, fpoken of before in the Chapter of Pyrola, and therefore he referred the plant upon fight, unto the neereft his wits would ferve him. The firft is called byThalius PilofelUftliyuatamayor, Airmen Telcphistm ‘Dale- champiyby Lugdunenfis, and 'Bauhmits, 'Barfa pajloris fimilis fliyuofa mayor fest majorihm foliys. The fecond is Thalius his P ilofella flicyuataminor, which Gefner cal]eth Paronychia altera Myagri foliys, and Bauhinus. Burfa pajloris fimilis filicyuofa minor feu minoribw foliys. The third is called Tanonychia Alfines folio, by Label,Lugdunenfis^ and Camerarins, Paronychia vulgaris by ‘Vodoneus, Thlajpios minimafpecies, by Thalius rvho yet laith it may well be referred to thbfe forts, b y Lugdunenfis ALyoforisaltera (pecics, andby Bauhinus Bnrfapafioris minor locale ob- longo. The laft which is 'Paronychiaincifs folijs and rutacco folio by Lobel, Paronychia altera by ‘Doder.aus, A/fine petrearitbrdef Paronychia tertiaby Tabermontanut. Tragus not knowing by vvbat name bell: to call it, cntituled it in hisowne language Hendelkraut.zndThalim thereafter DaLlyliobotanon alterum, and as I (hewed you before, Bauhinus maketh it an Aizon or Sednm. The Verities } , There is noexaft and certaine tryall made of late dayes of this herbe Whitlow-gtaffe, whether it performeth the cure, Diofcorides and Galen attribute unto their Paronychia, for being by tafte found to be fomew hat het and fliarpc, it hath not that drying faculty without (harpeneffe, that they fay is in theirs, and therefore it is not pro¬ bable to worke thofe eifefts, to heale the impoftumes that grow at the rootes ofthcnailes of a mans hand, and other hot inflammations and impoftumes, but onely a generall fuppofition it hath from the name that it will hclpe whitlowesand fellons, that rile upon the fingers, tnoft ufually about the joynts of them, which is performed by a digefting quality. Chap. XI.I. Anagallis. Pimpernel!, Here were formerly onely two forts of Pimpernell knowne to T> iofeorides, and the other ancient Authours, which are that with the red flower, agd that with the blew, but our times have found out other forts, as fhall be (hew'ed in this Chapter, yet I doe not meane to fpeake of any ofthe Brooke limes, or Water forts here, for they fhall be entreated of in their proper place, which is among thofe plants that delight to grow in watery places. J. Anagallis flare phssniceo . Redflowted Pimpernell. The Common Pimpernell hath divers weake fquare ftalkes lying on the ground, befet all along with two fmailand almoit round leaves at every joynt, oneagainft another, very like unto Chickweede,but have no foote- ftalkcs, fortheydoeasit werecompaffetheftalkc, wherein it differeth from Chickewcede, the flowers (land fingly, each by themfelves, at the joynts bet weene them and the ftalkes, confiding of five •fmall round pointed leaves, of a fine pale red colour, tendingtoanOreng, with fo many threds in the middle, in whofe places after they are paft, fucceed fmooth round heads like thofe of Chickeweedes^ wherein is contained filial! feede, the roote is fmall and fibrous periftiing every yeare. 2. Anagallis flare caruleo. Blew fiowred Pimpernell. This other Pimpernell, is in all things like unto the former, faving onely in the colour of the flower, fot whereas that is of a red colour-, this is of a faire blew colour, wherein cbnlifteth the difference. 5. Anagallit fore ohfoltte purpurea. Pimpernell with fullenred Sowers, This Pimpernell doth in all things likewiferefemble theformer, fave that the flowers hereof are of a fulien or darke red colour, having a glimpfe of purple therein, gbb j 4- Anal 558 ChAP« 4 I« Tbeatrum Botanicum. RlBEi .-J 4 • /i^aufiore cameo, Pimpernell with blufh coloured flowers. ~~ O f the fame tinde alfo is this other, not differing m any thing, but in the colour of the flower 'which is of a fairc blufh or incarnate colour- ’ " . ■dnagallis flore hiteo . AnagaUis fori bus fbtnicehjutrultis, ob/olete purpnreit & Pimpernell with yellow flowers. Caineis. Pimpernell of foure forts of colours in the flowers. The yellow Pimpernell groweth in the like manner, ihat it,red, blew,fullenreihandblulli colour, that Che former doe, with many fpreading branches up¬ on the ground, butthey are fomewhar greater, and fo are the leaves alfo, larger then the former forts, but fet by couples at the joynts, where the flowers come forth upon long footeftalkes, like unto the other, but larger or greater, and of a faire yellow colour, with pointed leaves fomewhat like unto iVarwsrAcrnc, with round heads alfo containing the fade, and fmall fibrous rootes not periftiing every ycare, as the reft doe; for with the plant in flower, which 1 have gathered, there hath remained the dry ftalke, with the heads of feede, of the former yearcs growing, ( 5 . Amtgaflii tenuifoliafloreezruteo. Narrow leated Pimpernell with blew flowers.' This blew fiowred P.mpernell, groweth in the fame manner that the reft doe, with fpreading branches upon the ground, and leaves fet at the feverall joynts thereof all along up to the topper, but they are longer and nar- rower,lomewhatrcfembl!ng the leaves of GratioU, or hedge Hyffope, and not alwaiestwoat a j'oynt, but of¬ tentimes three,or peradventure more, yet very feldome: at the joynts likewife with the leaves, ftand feverall flowers as in the other forts, upon fmall long foote- flalkcs, made of five fmall round pointed leaves, yet fomewhat greater then thofe of the former blew fort, having a fhew or circle of a purple colour in the middle! orbottome.- which aftertvards yeeld fuch like round heads and (eedcs, and having fmall threddy rootes like unto the other, periling in the fame manner every yeare. 1 The r Place. The firft groweth every where almofl, as well in the medowes and come fields,as by the wayes,or in gardens AnagaUis floreluteo. Pimpernell with yellow flowers. # /nag*Bis tenuifoli»fort catuU* Blevi flowred Pimpernell. r R I B E. 5 , The Theater ofTlants . Chap.^t. 559 TifinFonFftifeTthcfecond is nothing fo common, yet is found growing neere Settle by Oxford, and plenti- ully in Rummy Marfh, at Higham Terrors, Artilborrow, and Raundes in Northamptonshire, and at Beams field i n - luckinghetmfinre, The third as Chifius faith, firft grew with him, in his Garden at Franckford , and continually ly the fhedding of the feede, preferved it owne kindp, as well there, as in Holland at Leyden. The fourth grew j,f i t (eife, in my owne Garden here in London, and commeth up every yeere, of it owne fowing. The fift grow- ith in the'fhady places of Hampfied wood, and in many places of Kent, and about AJhford, ataplace called the . ‘arke. The lall Clupw (aith he had from the noble and learned John Monnel of Tor nay, who received it from Hadis, or Cults, where it grew; and grew likewife in his garden at Tornay. The Time, \, They doeallflower from May, unto AtigtsJl., and the feede ripeneth in themeane time, andfalleth. The Names, It is called in Grceke AV^ww;, Anagallis, and fo likewife in I.atine. Penn thinketh it might take thensme I 'aWu'i, yttod Greece dicebatssr nydcinthw unde a. colore Hyacinihco, Anagallis nuncHparfpottsii: vel forte dixit anti- jnitM Anagallidem, quia [upcrbulafioribus -jenufiu vias pasfim ornct,colore oculU grata & arnica. Jacobus Manlius, md Matthiolus after him, call it uMpfm Gallina, and CMorgelina, hut that name is more truely the name of dlfirte Chickcweede, whereof this may be accounted a Ifecics. Some have called it Auricula Maris, following i herein the Pandc Bar urn author. ‘Liofiorides faith, that in his time it had divers names,among which he numbreth tMacia, which Marcelliu Virgilm alfo remembreth, and Corchorus, and Halkacabus, whereby it is fiippofed to | Je the C'orchorus of Thcophraftw, which in his feventh booke, and feventh chapter, hereckoneth Inter olera, a- f ong the pot herhes, or fallet herbes; and for the bitterneffe became a Proverbe Mfjof©- b> Corchorus terohra ; which is underftood of thofc men, that would be efteemed of fome worth andaccount among others,’ when they are the vileft of others, for fo Plinyc, in his twenty fift booke, and thirteenth chapter, doth fay that this- Anafallis Pimpernell, was called Corchorw,ac Corcorus in the fame manner : but not that Corchorus he men¬ tioned!, m his ibooke, and 3 2. chap, which as I fayd before, is more truely taken to be Mehchiafilm Judaicum, the Iewes Mallow. Paulies ^£gineta ufed the male Pimpernell in the compofition. Diacorallion, becaufe itwas called Corallkn, whereof he fpeaketh in his feventh booke, which is ufed againft the difeafes of the Arteries and Joynrs, and was to be made with this herbe, which fome doe rather thinke fhould be called, diacollqrien, and the herbe Collarion, which may feeme to take the name of glewing, which is proper to Pimpernell. Some alfo take this to be the Melochia of Serapio, but Serapio calleth the Anagallit fiore phetmeep, which is generally called Mas, In the ^Arabian tongue Xantala, and the other fiore cartelea, which is the TeminaCardabella , as Tragus faith. The Italians call it Anagallo, and CMorfo digalltna. The Spaniards Murages. The French tJVTasiron and C JMorgelinc. The Germane: (jastch hehl, quafi fahes fatuorum, or coccygfis fiive cuculi, for fo they call Gauchbrot Fanis cuculi, and qauch blutnfios cuculi, from a fupcrftitious conceit as it is thought, that it being hung over the threfhould of the porch or dore, willfruftrateor expell all witchcraftor forceries. The Uutch,Guichel heil j and we in Fnglijh Pimpernell. The firfl here fetdowne is generally of all writers called, Anagallis mas & fiore pbamcco,asthe other,or (econd, Anagallis famina fiore carseleo. The third C/ufius maketh mention of in his hi- ftoryof plants. The fourth is not remembred orfpokenof by any other butmyfelfe : the fift is generally cal¬ led Anagallis lutea, but of Gefner inbortis Germania Numulariafylvatica & mas ,and of Lugdunenfis Aljine luteal The la [t C/ufius calleth Anagallis tenuifolia Monclli, and Batthirms Anagallis cdruleafohi, binjs ternifve, exadverfo najcentibus. TheVertues. Pimpernell as Galen faith, in his fixth booke, of the faculties of fimples, of both forts with red or blue flowers, are of a denting faculty, they have alfo an attraftive hcate, whereby they draw forth thornes or fplin- ters, or other fuch like things faftned in the flelh, and therefore the juyee put up into the noftrils, purgeth the head; briefely alfo they have a drying faculty without (harpeneffe, whereby they are good to foder the lippes of wounds, and todenfe foule ulcers; thus faith Cjalen-, whereby it is plaine, that they erre greatly, that make Pimpernell, to be cold and moyft, when as they are quite contrary hot and dry, and of fuch a clenfing quality, that the diftilled water or juyee, are by the French Dames accounted mervailous good to clenfe the skinne from any roughneffe, deformity or difcolouring thereof, and to make it fmaoth neate and cleere: being boyled in wine and given to drink, it is a good remedy againft the Plague, and other Peftelentiall Fevers,and contagious difeafes, fo as after the taking thereof warme, they lye in their beds, and fweate for two houres after, and hereby the venopie of the difeafe would bee expelled, yet fo as that it bee ufed twice at the leaft: the fame alfo helpeth all ftingings and bitings of any venemous beafts, be they of Serpents, as the Viper, Adder, or Scorpion, or maddc dogges,or any other, ufed inwardly, and applycd outwardly -. the fame alfo openeth the obftruiftions of the Li¬ ver, and is very available againft the infirmities of the raines, provoketh urine, and helpeth to expell the ftone and graved out of the Kidnies and Bladder, and conduceth much in all inward wounds, and ulcers. The decofti- on or the diftilled water, is no leffeeffedluall, to be outwardly applyed to all wounds, be they frefh, to confoli- datethem,or old filthy or fretting and running ulcers, venemous alfo, or infeffed, by clenfing their corruption, by reftraming their malignant corroding, and infectious qualities, by drying up their fluxe of humours, which hindrerh their cure, and quickly bringing them to healing: a little honey mixed with the Juyee, and dropped into the eyes, clenfeth them trorn clondy miftes, orfilmes growing over them, which hinder and take away the fight n it helpeth the toothach being dropped into the eare, on the contrary fide of the paine s it is effedluall alfo to eafe the paines of the hemorrhoidcs, or piles-* the male Pimpernell is fayd to drive forth the fundament, and the female to repcll it, and drive it into his place againe, whereby it is found that the male is more powerfull in expelling, and the female in repelling. Chap. 560 Ch a p.42. Theatrum Botamcum . 1 R I B E.^ Chap. XU I. Androfac's alter* Aimhioli. CAUtthiilw his Navelwort. I. Andrnfarptmmnt, . , . . —- —' T7V ’ na or tncm m another. v**uj, duiupea The greater hath d'iverfe WwhaTbrrade'fret grrae kavcl ^ “ I ^ ^ grCatCr Navd ‘Wort what refemblmg a Plantaine leafe, with (omcribhesb them y ’, n - g P pon the Sround, k„ the edges: from among which rife up divers rou nd S ftalkes^(^e or fH-c^nche^high, fomewhat hayr^aff ^ I. AnAroface. altera major AUtthioli. or naked without a leafe up to the toppes, where fh n wV 3 or five leaves, like rhnfr *w l_«_ . atou *• Andro/ace altera major Afatthiolt. Mattbiolushis Androfiue called Navel-wort. or ism fets and among them ftart forth 8 divers (lender fom fialkes, bearing every one of them a (mail white n 0 °" er, confiding of five (mall notched leaves ft a „j- W m a greene huske, divided alfo at the tonnes ‘ ^ parts wherein after the flower is paft, (fandeth a round head, containing fmall blackifh feede • ,(T Pmal fmai! and fibrous, periling as :foone as it hath hornc'feede and nfeth often of it owne fowine apainr . e . before winter, or that it doth notmnne u’p forfl^’^ 1 ’"?* firll yeere of the lowing, will abide the firfl wer ’ th < flower the fommet following. winter, and z. A»droJkc e s motor. The letter Attdroface, or Mtttthiolm Navel-wort. .. i>dvci-wort. The letter Navel-wort groweth like the former with r nv leaves lying on the ground, but they are fmalle’r and rower by much, yet fomewhat hayrie, and dented about i edges; from whence rife alio many fmall naked haJ ftalkes, three or foure inches hfnh nnr r, • at the toppes like the former, but fn’umbel or toft'of ma fmall flowers, like the former but whiter after wh1 forth fuch like fmall round heads with feeder the roT' Iikewifefmall and fibrous, but more reddifh onH °-/r e every yeere, after feede time. ’ and pCnfllt 3. esindrofaces minima. The lead Androfttco or Mattbio/us Navel-wort. 1 he lead Navel-wort is alfo very like the former wi many hayrie leaves, lying in a round compatte upon heard d> T y lk< [ unt0 the leaves of the {mailed P Sbea heards purfe, with more pointed and deener denrrd e.i than either of the former: the ftalkes that rife fromamo! them are much fmaller than the former, fo are they fhort alfo, but not leffe hayrie, having five fmall greene lea fct !'', a , ro ™ d compatte at the /oynt, which's aboutt foure fmall white flowers, which afterwards bearefeedelnfmaU heXlike rhff^' 6 35 in , the fir 11 fort ' thr « < threds as the reft, and anfwerablc to the plant. ds C ^ e ^ ormer * the roote is alio a fei 2 cf!,!".^ W : n , divers Pj accs , of ; the firft in Attfiri *in the cornefields about A him*! in hi CWm writeth, alLu^C^^ cornefields about Bodm, and Pr 3 l neere a viHage called Markerfor abou/fome Sfram o T ° / fS S ria: the fec a* n , . m The Names. " ‘ *" ” PK " to '“ k «* S* -J 4mf«< ww£ ...L Tribe 5. The Theater of "'Plants* Chap. 4^561 which is the Idler Vva marina, or Sea Grape, by the name of Androface, as it is declared before in the Chapter ofPolyfona baccifira , Berry bearing Knotgraffes, Anguillara accounteth the Cufcntato be the Androface of Diofcorides which is without leaves, according to thole copies that have it fo, and as Tragus before him doth, who faith that Antonin Mufa, and Ericius CWm were of the lame minde before him, which is not without fome probability, in that it carryeth no leaves but heads of flowers and feede, upon a number of fmall threds, 1 but that this is not ofa Sea plant, as Diofcorides his Androfacesis, nor IS white as fome copies have it, or with v (lender rufhv (hikes, as other copies have, and therefore I thinke we may ealily conclude, that Cafcuta is not I ‘Diofcorides his Andro faces ,but the Vva marina Sea Grape,may be thought & is by many,to come necrer therunro, fj and I fhould with BeUonius thinke fo alfo of it, if it were an berbe.andnot afhrubbe, and if it had white and 0 (lender(talkes, as it hath wooddy, and diming, bearing red berries, which it is . likely Diofcorides Would not 1 have omitted, it he had meant that plant, and for that firftSea plant of Matthialw, for any^ tiling we can per-, , ceive. it is but an excrelcence of the Sea, not bearing any heads withfeede, but fmall round Navell-like leaves, si and therefore at oMompclier ,cMtt& Vmbilicm marinia, which grow hard and white, being out of the water, •| although tender underneath it, as Corall,Coralline, and fome other Sea plants doe, whereof you fliall heart 1 more in the proper place, which is ofSea plants, the other sAndroface that Matthiolu , fettech forth and calletlr A altera was fent him as he faith, hy Cortufm, for Androface , which although It agree not unto that of Diofcorides, y yet all other writers fmee, have fo called it, but both Clufvu and LobeI deny it to be any Sea plant however (for. « tufas faith, it came from the places, neare the Sea in Syria. The firft here defcribed is generally called Androfa , 3 cos altera Mattbioli, who as jt fhould feeme, held the reading of Diofcorides his text, to be tenues ffargens jmcos cum folds, fpreading fmall rufh like ftalkcs with leaves, for fo hath this plant, and as I faid before is referred 0 to the kindcs of A/fine, Chickweede; but for the reafons before alcdged, X doe as ye fee diftinguifh them, but t Baubinm calleth it Alfine affini, Andrcfaces dilia major. The fccond is called by Baubimi m his Pinax and Pro. A drormis-A/fme affntis Androface dilia mmor. A a d the laftis called alfo by him, in the places beforenamed, Alfine. 0 verna Androftces capitulis. I have called it in Englifh, (not Amply Navel-wort, for I fee no reafon why fuch a J name fhould be given it) as others doe, but Matthiolus his Androface, or Navel-wort, as a dilhnflion be- 1 tweene it and the Cotyledon altera, called alfo Navel-wort. The Virtues. This Navel-wort, being fomewhat (Faroe hi tafte, is accounted hot and dry in the fecond degree, and doth both elenfe old fores and ulcers, and ftayeth thofe that are corroding or fretting from their malignity, and after- 1 wards dryeth up the fuperfluous humidity, which hindertfth their healing,and clenfeth alfo theskinne out ward - [ ly from roughneffe, Sunburning or the like difcolouring, the juice clarified and dropt into the eyes, clenfeth them from thofe filmes or 6kinnes, that by growing over the fight, caufe blindeneffe. Chap. XLIII. Sagina Spergula. Francking Spurty or Spurrewort. :fe plants alfo as the former, I might as others doe, referre unto the kindes of Chickeweedes, but eir qualities being not alike, nor the forme of them, but very little conformable, I muft likewife |8r for this worke disjoyne them, howfoever for another they may be joyned. 1, Sagina Spergnlamajor. The greater Franck Spurry,or Francking Spurrewort. The greater Spurry or Spurrewort, fendeth forth divers fmall round and upright ftalkcs, fearfe halfe a foote high, whereon at feverall diftances or joynts, grow many fmall and narrow leaves, fet together in the manner of aftarre, or the rowell of a fpurre, whereupon came the name, theflowers are many, fmall, and white, (landing at the toppes of the ftalkes, which turne into fmall round heads, containing therein blackd feede,the roote is fmall and threddy, perilhing every yeare after feede time. 2. Safna Spergalxminor. Theleffer or Sea Spurry. This Sea Spurry is not much differing from the former, but that it hath not fo many long and narrow leaves fet together at the joynts of the ftalkes, which doe not rife fully fo high, and doe fomewhat more leanedowne- wards to the ground, which together with the leaves are more white, and of a faltifh or brackifh tafte, if it grow neere the Sea fide, as mod Sea plants are, otherwife nothing fo hoary white,or brackifh at all,thc flowers likewife are fewer, but of a white colour, and the leede blacke like the other, the roote is likewife, fmall,long and fomewhat hard, with fmall fibres thereat. 0. Sagina Spergula minima. The leaft Franck Spurry. The fmallefl Spurry hath likewife divers weake ftalkes,but fomewhat bowing downe to the ground,feldome above an handbredth high, full of joynts, and at every of them, two fmall (hort leaves, compafling them at the bottome, from betweene the ftalkes and the leaves com? forth other fmall leaves without number, towards the toppes of the ftalkes from the laid joynts come forth the flowers, every one upon a fmall footeftalke, which are of a pale blew colour, and fometimes more blew, or tending to a purple, after which come fuch like round heads with blacke feedes in them, as are in the former, the roote is fmall and long, withfomo fibres, or threds at it. 4. Ajleriatfive Stellaria MonfpeUexjiam. French Spurry,or Spurrewort. The French Spurry, is likewife not much differing from the laft fort, but that the fmall fhort and narrow leaves, that (land at the joynts ofthe fmall low ftalkes, are all of an equall length, and being differ and harder ftand ftraight outright in an equall diftance, one from another like aftarre, the flowers hereof are fmall, having five narrow pointed leaves laid open abroad like a ftarre alfo, but ofa reddifh colour, fo that whether you re- fpedf the leaves or the flower.they both refemble aftarre, and from thence tooke the name, and yet vve know there are many other herbes fo called,muchdiffering one from another. The Place . Thefedoe all grow in dry Tandy grounds, as well among the Come in divers Countries, as in unfilled and (hadowy 1 i 1 ,mr - They flower in W and luly, and the feede is ripeufu- ally in Angufl before Harveft time. ... 7 he Names. of exL C nr th ° fc that have writt£n there- ot, except Thai, w , who calleth it Anthy Void's, m&Fabiu, C hTT a ’ / Vh ° Ca " etl ] thc «lter.i,vd X^/calleth it u!r} *;-t KClni ” i pecoril, «*’h°™ the Franckingor feedi„» at ofeattie and therefore he faith, that divers Trahan- ~' S a i r '^,, 0t lcr . < ' * n tbe Low Countries, did fowtheir grounds therewith, for the fame purpofe, to caufe their Kme to give the more [t ore of milke . Baihi nc ' r them A/fmc SperguU. The laIU>, 4 njfj maketh men. non of, under the lame name in thetitle. Both the® uuh and we in %Wcall it Spurry, or Franck Spurry.for the in" calK ° r f C n ,d ’ b , Ut 1 d ° 3 litc!e morc «P lai " £ the names m calling it Francking'Spurrewort:. The Vertues . h 7 r n e h fcede f S h t Id n t0 be a P rovo, which is no idle conceit for thofe.of Brabant, and other the parts thereabouts have found It fufficient true,by their daily ufe and tryall thcrc- c hap. XLIIII. AtynuU. Woodroofe. | well knowne.ye't the'others 2enoHo eW ° 0tir00fC ' wiier£ofl slthongh fome be common, and der then thofe of Clevers, in a manner fmi .*!!* ^ Cn ° r ei § Ilt ^ aire gre£ne fhining leaves, br oa - ftaikes (land foure or five white fweete fmelling flowers made^ffi 111 F0Ugh aC , all j aC lhc - toppcs of the ter which come fmall round feede.. a little rough nr rlriv' ? vc ^ eaves a peece, laid open like a ftarre, af- ping under ground,and fhooteth up new ftalkcs round aboutftl^ry * t0Ucheth,thc roote runnech This Woodroofe hath fc'ld 1 £, 7 m^ blew flower, one whereof (land divers fmall and fomewhat Ion., gr-ene leaves ■' ootc ’ {e } ful1 of J '°y nts > at ever y the former,andhkewife fmall branches, from the botromealmnff nr, . ‘ r ’ n 0t fo . fm00tll . and g rce ne as fmaller, where the flowers (land three or fourc together each imn P * r'^ nr* PPC ’ with the like leaves but greatneife with the former, or rather fomewhat lefle and of fai n a Pmal !7° teftallte ' which are of the fame at all: and after they arc pall, in their places grow fmall round brown,-fife 1 ? PUrp C c0 J 0Ur ', without any fent them, having purplifl, flowers, and fmall fat oylie feede. fewer pale greene leaves at the ;oyntsof This fmall Wr> rt ?' A ?“ ralu mmma - Small ft °ny Woodroofe. others fo call it, 7 at?on^ then AJforuU, yet becaufe foote.high, which are in a manner tranfp P arcnt, being full of 10™' andlr’ ^ U . pnght ftalkes ’ about haIfc 3 foute fmall yellow.fh leaves, the toote is thteddy and °* Tht The Place] The drifts found in the open woods of Germany and otherplacesofcentiir.es, but is mod ulually planted in gardens, as the fecond isalfo. The third groweth as well in the fields as gardens, about Lyons. The lalt C alum¬ na faith, hee found in ftony or rockie places, on the hils Valvenfes , which are in the Kingdoms of Na¬ ples. The T me. They doe all flower early, even about May, and their feede is ripe while they are yet in flower, orprefent- Iy after. The Names. It is generally cMeiAsperula.AsperguitorSpergula, c#- odorata is put to the firtf, to diflingnifh it from the other, and not mentioned by any of theantien.t writets,exccpt it be as GeJ’nerixcollepwnefiirpmm, thinketh it to be Alyjfum minus of Plinje, in his i6.booke.and 9 chap, andfome others thattooke it to be A/yJfnm Galcni, but erronioufly : the firft hath beene diverfly taken, ofdivers of the later writers; (or Brunfelfttu cMetb itCa- prifolium, vel Stellaria, or Herba Stcllaris, and Hepatica quart a. Tragus , Cordus, Loniccrus, and Thalius call ic Matrifylv a. Ttodsmeus, Lobe/., and Lugdtmenfis, Asferula. ^lufixs and others Ajptrulaodorata. PenamAdver- fariie, Afpergula odo'ra nofirasy Cordus upon Diofceridet Apariue fylveftris qusdsm. Gefner in his Appendix Rubin fylveflrit alia minor, and Tabermontanus Hepatica [lellata : but generally now adayes ic is called of moll men Ajperula odorat,1 , although it hath but little roughnclfe therein at all, faveonely as I layd in the feede -■ the Italians call \tAsptrnUa\ the French Aiugnet ; the Germane, Hertycjroidt, tvaldneifier. (t Leberkraut : the Dutch itsalt- nee(her: and we in Enolijb Woodroofe, and Woodrotvell : the fccond is called Asfismla carulea. by Dodonaus, Label, Camerarhts, and Luodunenfts , and our Enohfh Turner calleth it Alyffon , and fo doe others alfo but falfely. Bauhinus calleth it Afberula cesrulea arvenjis : the third is called 'JMyagmm ah tram minus Dalechampii by Luo- dunenfis • and Afperula hexaphyllis purpurea by Bauhinus. The lafl is called by Columna AJperula verticillata mu- rails minima, and by Bauhinus Ajferttla verticil lata luteela. The Venues. The Germanes doe account very highly of this Woodroofe, tiling it vgry familiarly in wine, like as we doe Burnetto take away melancholy paflions, to makethe hearrmerry; andtohelpe tbelfomacke dejected, unto a good appetite, and the Liver being opprefledand obflrufted : it is held alfo to be good againlt the Plague, both to defend the heart, and vital! fpirits from infeftion, and to expell the noyfome vapours that are received : ithelpeth alfo to diffolvejiard impoftumes,beingbruifed and applye-d, and in the fame manner many Country people nfe it, for any frcfli or greene wound, or cut in the flefli any where ; the diltilled water ol the herbeis no leffe effectuall, for the purpolds aforefayd, either inwardly or outwardly. 564 Chap. 45, ''Theat rum Tot ant cum Tribe « Chap. X L V. Gallium, Maidens haire, or Ladies Beddraw. iF G ‘ t,/ ‘ um Ladies Beddraw, there are diverfe forts, Lome growing with us, others rare an eth.' S fr ° m ° het P aCCS ’ 3 Whlth ‘ S fit thac we fi50l,ld in one chapter, as follow; -ri r j- d an 1 ' Ga '"' a ^ uteum vulgarc. The common Ladies Beddraw. fhis Ladies Beddraw nfeth up with divers fmall browne and fquare upright (hikes avar, high ormore, fometimes branched forth into divers parts, full of j'oynts, and with divers ver/finr at every one of them, little or nothing minkarall ’ Of- f-rvntI_.1 y fmall leaves, atlvery ZZ* Item. MeTS long tufts or branches of yellow flowers, very thickest together, one above another; Iror^tteftveralMoynS which confift of foure fmall leaves a peece, which fmell fomewhat (frongor relinous, yet not unnleaf n? t h, feede is fmall and blacke like Poppie leede, two for the mod part joyned together: the roore s H S ' „ hath many fmall threds alined unto it, which takellrong hold of the ground, and c eepeth a little a fa aJ thehanches leaning a little downe to theground, take Lte at the jSynts thereof; it t efe T-,. r ... . , „ 2 : fl ore rubra. Red fiowred Ladies Bedllraw. . , 1S n j ri ant b3th flendererand lower flalkes than the former, yet divided into many branches arwh n r, Jhirke r/r"r d + ' l ™ S ', 7 leaves ' and " ot of /° darke a S recne colour; thc fl °wers are of a red colour not (o bur or 6 ° sether as dlc former, confiding of foure Imalkpomted leaves, with a yellow poinrell in the middle fLVh?, t ci more Handing together atthe toppes of the branches at the mod, which afterwards urneinm fmall blacke leede like the former; therooteallois reddifli like it, but greater and creepethnot ab din " m ?n P eri ^ th " 0t ‘ Ll ^ c hereu ” t0 I s tl]ac G*Ilium mgro-purpureum montanum tenttifolium of Column] floe hee r , on ^ y remember here, not thinking it to be a differing Ifecits from it although the flower, bee ,n fome places a little darker, they are fo like in all things, although'doth make them -t-l Mountaine white fiowred Ladyes Beddraw IT 15 *e greater Maltugo ^hooteth forth from the roote, which is blacke and bran b f y T ‘ S,a numbcr r of « cnder weake dalkcs, which yet (land upright of themfelve diverdv , mt0 m T V pm r‘ f ° th u at •*' maketh & ew ° f 3 pr^ty well fpread bulh, having many fl ’orterl 5 e fmootli greene leaves, fet at the joynts, than any of the former, or the next that followeth; theflowers i. Gallium Lutcum. Common Ladies Bedftraw. / i. CaUiam fiore nubio Red fiowred Ladyes Bedftraw. Fr J E E. 5, The Theater of "Plants* Chap. 45. 565 4 . G li-iam a.'bum live MoUuguvulgaUor. T lie common white flowed Ladies bedftraw Te very {snail and white, (land ing at the toppesof the candies, mote thickly or plentifully fet chan the other, rich red flowers before, which likewife turne into /Imall blacke round feede. 4, vulgatior. The common white flowred Ladies Bedftraw. I This is in all things like the laft, but that the branches ajre fo weake, that unlefle they be fuftained by the hed¬ ges, or other things neere which it groweth, it will lye iowneonthe ground; and the leaves are (mailer and Narrower, yet not fo (mall as the former, with yellow dowers; the flowers are likewife fmall and white, but tot plentifully fet thereon: and the roote threddyand ibiding; fome doe make a (mailer fort hereof, which snot a proper Jpecies, for upon tranfplanting it will >rsw as great as the laft. Gallium montanu Creticum MountaineCr experience have found it good, for the finewes, arteries, and joynts, to bathe them therewith, both to take away their wearineffe, and weakeneffo in them,and to comfort and ftrengthen them alfo,after travaile, cold, op-' Mima fore a 11 C ( Cuzy: 5 &6 Chap.46, Theatrum Botanicum . Tr I B E.^.j Chap. XL VI. Cruciat 4 , Croffewort. r M E „ e J™? formerly knowne but one fort of Crucial Croffewort, but becaufe I find two other herbes'; ^ have placZto MgeXr” “^“ pr0perty ^ as the may induce one tothinke, I T , 1 • C rftc * atavt *ig#rii- The common Croffewort. , • r r „ u com ^ on< r roffewort S rowethu P wit hrquarehairybrowneftalkcsjilftleabove afootchioh 1 having foure fmall broad, andpointed.hairy.yetfmoothnotrugged yellow greene leaves, growing at cve« ! ,oynt each againft ocher croflcwifc, which hath caured the namejtowards the toppes of the ftalke^a^he iovnbl with.the leaves in three or fourerowes upwards (land fmall pale yellow flowers, after which commeth final! I b ck'fl, round feed, foure for the molt part fet in every huske.the roote is very fmll and full of fib“hr”dl ■ Oggoo lol of the ground, and fpreadmg with the branches a great deale of ground, which perilheth not ■ in the winter, although the leaves die downe every yeare, and fpring againe anew. P “ ' 2 - Cruciat a minor Utea. Small yellow Croffewort. fJvers^ P ‘ ke the other, butfmaller, and not hairy, having fmooth pale greene leaves, with yellow ■ r „„ 3. Cruciat a minor momma. Small Croffewort with blufh flowers, Thu fmall Croffewort ( for fo I take it to be rather then gallium as Columm entituleth it) hath divers fauare weake branches, ymg at the firfi upon the ground, but afterwards raifing themfelves up on hi°h,and fpreadina many branches full of joynts, and foure leaves ufually at them , ■, . L, = ’ a ‘preauing the lowed very fmall and Ihort, but thofe that growmore up- Common wards to the middle of the ftalkes, are larger and longer, and from the middle upwards much longer, and towards the tops but two leaves, long and narrow ftarfling at a j'oynt, which joynts are more feparate one from another then below, all of them lmooth,and not hairy at al.as the ftalkes are Iikevvife:the flowers (land at the toppes of the branches, in a thinne or fpar- fed umbell, as the fmall Ccntory, or Saint Johns wort doth, which have fomewhat a long and hollow truncke, and then end in foure fmall leaves ofa blufh colour, very like for their forme,as well as for their fvveeteneffe, unto the flowers of the white or yellow Ixfmine but leffer then they, and larger then any flowers of Gallium, after which come fmall rugged and fomewhat crooked and long feedes,two al wayes fet together, greater then thofe of the former,and of a ycllowifh colour, the roote is long ancf great,in refpedl of the plant, with divers fi¬ bres fet thereat,of a bro wnifh colour on the outfide and white within. 4. Cruciat a minima muralis. The leaft Croffewort. The lead Croffewort hath many final fquare ftalkes,fmaller at the bottome, and greater upwards, fometimes reddifh and lomewhat hairy alfo, fet full of joynts, and at every one of th em, foure fmall leaves, one againft another, in manner of a croffe; from thofe joynts likewife upwards, come forth the flowers,of a pale greene colour, confining of foure leaves,but fet in fuch a manner that they are fcarfe to be difeerned from the thredSjthat ftand with them, for one part feemeth to be a body or belly, with prickes thereon, another a head (hew¬ ing tobe prickly alfo, but not hurting, andthereft which are as it were beards, feemeto be armes, which when they are withered, fceme to be hooded-, after they are pad come fmall heads, or fwelling round veffels, which were the bellies of the flowers,wherein is contained fmall round yeilowifh feede like Pannicke feede. the tafie of the whole plant is fomew h « hitter and harih withall.the roote is as fmall almoft as a thred with fome fmall fibres at it The Place, fundry other places. The fecond groweth under the hedges about Blmml v hl ° h way > and in growethiu the open hils in Napl, ***** third (ome other places thereabouts. mine wans ot Duclefiaa, hisbaths in Rome, and Sunnefand the'lbedrripeneth(boneafte^ 6 SomIn '^* 0 "^' , one P^ aceora nother, astheyare more open fro the Tf-hnrhnn , The Names. herniaria. Tribe 5. ‘The-TheaterofTlantu Chap,47, <567 bermaria.und Lobcl Crnciata minor, to diftinguifhit from the Gentianacrnciata, Lugduncnfu calleth it alfo Afpe- 'ul» Aurea, and Tragm maketh it his fecond kind of Gallium, for his Cmciata is Gentiana cruciata. Banhir.m calleth itCrHcint* hirfitta, the Frmeb call itCreife, the German! Golden JValdtmeiJler, the Dutch Croyfftte, and wee in Engiiili Grolfewort and Golden CrolTewort. The fecond Baubinw in his Prodromw deferibethby rhenameof GadiumLttifolinmglabrum, but in his Pinax he calleth it Cruciata glabra-. The third Columns, cal ieth Gallium montamim latifoliumcruciatum, but becanfe I thinkc it doth more truly repre lent a Cruciata, by" the [landing of the leaves ; I have called it Cruciata minor montana. The laft Celumntt calleth Cruciata nova Roman* minima, mnralufini. Cafalfirms Crucialis minima in maritime. I The Virtues. I This Croffewort is of a binding and drying propertie, and is accounted as lingular a good wound herbe al- I mod as any, and is ufed inwardly not onelyto ftav bleeding of wounds, but to conlolidatate them, as it doth rt outwardly any greene wounds, forby doling the lippes ofche wound together it is quickly healed, Cameranm rf faith ithelpeth to expeftorate flegme out of the cheil, and is good fortheobHruftions in the bred or llomacke s j or in the bowells,or miferaicke veines,and helpeth a decayed appetite,to ufe the decodtion of the herbe in wines the fame will ferve alio to wadi or bathe any wound, or running moyfi: fore, to clenfe and heale it, the herbe I bruifed and then boyled and applyed outwardly for certaine dayes together, renewing it often, and in the smeane time, the decoftion of the herbe in wine taken inwardly every day, doth certainely care the Rupture t in any,fo as it be not too inveterate, but very fpeedily if it be frelli and lately taken. Chap. HIVII. Aparine. Goofe graffe,or Clevcrs, He bet be that is ufually called Goofe graffe orClcvers, is of two forts, one which is rough.which is knownetoall; the other not rough at all, whichisnotfowellTcnowneoroblervcd by many, of which there are fome varieties which I Ihall entreat of in this Chapter, but of a greater kin : a wilds *. sparine f^ulgaru. Common Clevcrs. - : -- - Chapter, but of a greater kind* whereof Gerard maketh mention, we know not of, but are fure his figure exhibited, is of 5 Borrage, which Lobel calleth Alyfittm Cjcrmanicum Echioides , as Banhinm alfo tedifieth. i. tAparine vulgaris. Common Clcvcrs. The common Clevershath divers very rough fquare.ftalks,. lot fo bigge as the tagge of a point, but riling up to bee two >r three yards high fometimes.ifit meetewith any tallbu- hes or trees, whereon it may clime (yet without any claf- len) or clfe much lower or lying upon the ground full of oynts, andatevery ofthem Ihootethforth a branch befide he leaves thereat, which are ufually fix, fet in around com- >a(Te like a Starre, or the Rowell of a Sp.urre.frotn bet wcene he leaves at the joynts, towards the toppes of the branches ome forth very fmall white flowers, every one upon a fmall hreddy footelhlke, which after they are fallen, there doe hew two fmall round rough feedes j'oyned together like wo teOicles, which when they are ripe,grow hard and whi- ifh, having a little hole or hollowfleffe on the fide, fome- vhat like unto a Navel, both ftalkes, leaves and feede are fo oueh,that they will cleave to any thing lhall touch them, he roote is fmall and very threddy, lpreading much in the round, btitdyethevery yeare. 2, sparine levy. Smooth Goofe graffe. Thefmooth Goofe graffe groweth like the former, but hat it neither growethfo high, nor are the leaves fo great, nd not at all rough, or flicking to what it toucheth : the towers are as fmall and .white as the former, and give fuch ike feede, butfmooth alfo, and not rough as the former, rherc is another little differing from this in any other nota- ile thing,but the feede which is rough like unto a Coriander Comfit, 5. Jlparine floribiw purptireis. Purple floured Clevers, This kinde of Clevers is in all things like unto the former ort, except the colour of the flower, which in this is pur- >lc,as in the other it is white. The Tlcice . The former fort groweth by the hedge and ditch fides in lany places of the Land, and every where alfo in Gardens, /here it is a weede of much labour to weede out, for it will impe upon every thing groweth next unto it, and be ready :> choake and fpoyle it, fhedding the feede if it be (ufferea ■ f both forts. The fecond was brought me out oiSpamey but the laft is as great a ttranger. The Time. Thefe doe (lower in lune and Inly, and the feede is ripe and falleth againe by the end of Inly, or in' AuguB, not flinging any more from the rootes, but from the [haken feede. Ccc 2 Lbe 568 Chapas. TheatrumiBotanicum . Tri B £.1 The Names, It is called in Greeke hi mum Sparine, and fo it is in Latine alfo ufually, but it bath divers other Greet* names, as»<^sr»'and as Galen faith out of Hippocrates, and as Dio/corides faith »w«a6w}*©- - , lytH*aan *&, as it is falfely read in many copies of gdm, P/is;, Paulm.^gineta and tALtim f or w “” f > is tmithctu. and the ieede is Navell falhion, whereof came the name; yet fome have it 1 It is called alfo WwSfanr©-, eyaafihomim mans, and p/XaAxp© for the fame caufe: Pliny callcth it Lappa laying it is Lappagini, fjrecies, whereof this being one fort, is called Afperngo, becaufe the leaves are rounha X the other Motlugo, becaufe they are foft: but Pliny his words concerning Mollugo, feemes not to be truly ™* preffed, as his copies extant doe declare: I have therefore thought it litter to refer re the «»„!„ the le ni that which wee fo call ) nnrn rhe kinds cf Gallium. fkipn nnrrv /Irtiriv,* Imennf. r, 1_ _r“ . lc ait 3 .. ‘ U1 a, ‘ mar were eytncr let torth by anv other Author, orthathimfelfe knew or heard of: The Italians call it Sperone/la, the Spaniards Prefer a, and Arnold'b iolano, the French Koblc and Grateron, the germane Clebkraut, the Dutch Kleefcrttyt and we in Enclilh Cn r ! grafle and Clevers. * ® v°oic-: The Vertues , Clevers are hot and dry .Diofcorides faith and Pliny from him, that the juice of the herbe and feede together ra , lien in wine, helpeth thole that are bitren with Vipers.or the great Spider Phalanamm, by preferving the bear' from the venome ; Galen faith it clcnfeth meanely and dryeth, and is of fubtill parts: it is familiarly take i broth to keepe them leane and lanke, thatareapt to grow fat. Tragus faith, that the diddled water drimU twice a day helpeth the yellow Iaundics, and the decoftion of the herbe is found by daily experience tn IT' fame, and ftayeth Laskes and Bloody fixes; the juice of the leaves, or they a little bruifed and lavd r " ' wound, or place that bleedcth, will ftanch the blood ; and Matthiolm faith, that the juice is much riZS 1 and ufed to clofe the lippes of greene wounds, and fo doth the pouder of the dryed herbe (Wed thereuDnrf ■ and likewife helpeth old Vlcers: being boy ledwith Axtingia and anointed, it healeth all forts of hard fmrllinn.’ or kernells in the throate ; the juice dropped into the eares taketh away the paines of them • the herbe fcr,£h : well the Country people in (lead of a drainer, to clcare their milke from lirawes, haires, or anv other rhino that falleth into it. ' tiling Chat. XL VIII. Camphorata. Stinking Groundpine. Here are two or three forts ofthis Camphorata, or (linking Groundpine which I thinke fitted to* follow the former herbes, becaufe of fome refcmblance in forme as well as in vertue. " tK “ ‘ . Camphorata major Monjpelieaftum, The greater (linking Groundpine. 3. Camphorata congener live AntbpUis alter altilorm. Groundpine not Oinking. I. Camphorata major AfonJpelienRum. Them-ear*,. (linking Ground Pine. ^ ‘ he r °ugh or greater kind of Camphorata fiaooteth forth many (lender and pliant feathered round (lalkes of leave? parted into many branches from the very ground crrmii ’ Upright to be about a foote and a halfe h“ b’ g s p'"g The Theater of ‘ Plants. CHAP.48. 569 Tr 1BE.5. ,ing the branches) the rooteisfomc what great, thicke and wooddy, blackiih on the outfidc, with many fibres 111,1 *' 1. Camphorata minor. ThelelTer(linkingGroundpine. The fmaller Camphorata, hath many flender and weak (talks lying or bending to the ground in acompafle.with ■livers rundles of fmalllong leaves, fetatfpaces, asinthe former, of a yellow greene colour, efpecially to¬ wards winter,when the tops of the branches alfo will be reddifh with iome wollinelTe thereon,whereon divers ■ lowers do (land together, as it were in a tuft, confiding of five fmall white leaves a peece ; after which rife i'mall hard feede veffels, of the bignes of two barley comes, wherein is endofed very fmall feede : the roote iS greater and longer then the proportion of the plant above ground may teeme to allow, of a reddifli yellow colour on the outfide, with many fibres thereat: the whole plant both leaves, flowers and feede, are of a (Irong 2nd grievous fenr, and of a very fharpe and quicke tafle. ° 5. Camphoratacongenerfive Anthyllis altera Italornm. Ground Fine not (linking. I The other Grotind Pine that fmelleth not fo (Irong as the former forts doc, groweth upright in the fame ifcnanner, with divers uprighc (lender (hikes, and many fmall leaves fet at the joynts, fome of them r icing longer and fome fliorter then others, all covered with a fmall woollinefle: the flowers are very fmall* .1 landing many together at the toppes of the branches, of a pale yellowifti colour, and of an aftnngent and dry- K tafte - ' The Place. f 1 The firfl groweth neare unto Mompelier, and Nemaufmm, efpecially out of the rifts and chinkes of the old 1 walls of the 3 Amphitheater there, and feldome in any other part of JWr, or It alp as Pena faith ; yet Lssgdtsnenfu I: faith it profpereth better in fertile and moylt places, then in fuch as are barren and dry. The fecond groweth tbofh in fandy dry grounds, and in rotten moorilh grounds likewife •• The laft groweth in many places of Italy, but whether naturally of that country or no, is not (ignified, but they there kcepe tt in their gardens, where mod ufually it is to be feene. __ TheTtme. All thefe flower very late, or not at all with us, and are very hardly preferved in the winter, being tender, comming from fo hot and dry places. The Names. None of thele plants were knowne to the ancient writers, eytherGreekes, or Latines, by any the names of their herbes knowne to us now adayes; the name Camphorata, is taken from Camphors, becaufe the fenc is thought ro be fo like unto Camfire, as divers doe imagine , but furely then it fmelleth othcrwifc in the hotter countries then they doe in ours, for with us the former two have a grievous heady fent, yet nothing fo fierce, and quicke in my judgement as Camfre is: AngtsiUara firlt.and others afterwards, as alfo Venn and Lobel referre the former unto the [Lsmspeuce of Pliny, whereofhe maketh mention in his 24. Booke and 15. Chapter,faying that Chamspence hath leaves like unto the Larche tree; but Lugdtsnenfit faith, that divers did rather referre this totheie&roofthe fayd Pliny, mentioned in his 24. Booke and 11.Chapter, where he faith that Stingo j s like unto Savins : Divers alfo tooke it to bee the Cneorum nigrnm otDiofcorides, and Thcophraflus, but the learned of Mompclier, called it Camphorata major, and fo doth Lobel call it Campherata Monjpelicnftnm. r Bauhin W calleth it Camphorata hirfuta, when as according to his dfffcription, the roughneffe belongeth rather to the fecond in the llalkes and leaves, and not unto this firfl. Divers alfo tooke it to be eEriee pri us genus, a kind of Heath; others to be Hyjfopus nemorenfis, and fome alfo to be that Msifci terreftrisgenus that Tragus doth fet forth, by the name of Sabina fylveflris. Our London difpenfatone, or pharmacopeia Londjnenfit, in the defeription of Vn. qttentum Marciattsm, maketh Camphorata to be Abrotanssm, which is utterly untrue,yet I.think it may very well be the fubftitute or ftsecedanium tlereof for that oyntment: and Lagdanenfis alfo faith,that divers did referre the fe¬ cond which he calleth Champhorata minor Dalechampiy, to the Chamspeuce of Pliny aforefaid : but Batshims cal¬ leth it Camphorata glatsrit, as though this were fmooth, which as I fayd before is contrary : The laft is called An- thy Ills altera, by Anguillara and others: The learned in Italy, as Lobel in his obfervations faith, referre it to the fecond fort of AsthyHU aiDioJcortles- but becaufe as he there faith it is not fweet as that fecond Anthyllis of ‘Dio- fcorides (Kould be, hee doth rather Judge the Iva Mofchata Monfpelienfnm to be the truer Anthyllis altera, then this Anthyllis Italorssm. Gerard hath much erred in calling this Anthyllis lentifolia, and yet his figure doth exprefle this AnthyHis ltahrtsm, and not Anthyllis lentifolia, although his defeription doth. Eatshms calleth It, as Lobel and others before him have don efiamphorau coitgener, & T abetment anus C amphorata altera. The Verttte.r. Thefe herbes are all of them of a drying faculty,and are very profitably ufed inwardly to flay defluxions from the head, that fall into the eyes,and Upon the Lungs: and outwardly in bathes, to Hay running humours that reft in the j'oynts, as the ®oute,Crampes, Palfies, and Aches; itisnoleffeeffefluall for the Nerves and Sinewesto comfort and ftrengthen them, to be made into a falve or oyntment; and is available both in f refh w cunds, and old running ulcers and fort; and therefore divers doe account it of the fame propertie with Southernwood foe all the purpofes whereunto it is ufed. Ccc $ C H A V . 1 B E.i Curts. The faire Heath Low Pine,' Here are three forts of herbes called Coris, the one MmMn firft fet forth, and made known the other Hornntu Belut of Cmdj- and Term and Lobel fetont the laft- which are as f< *• CojiiCMattbioli, Matthio/w his faire Heath Low Pine. This fpnngeth up to the height of a foote or more, with divers hard, wooddy, reddifh fiaike ..1 °V ° y . n . t . S ’, and _? any , f “ a11 andl °”g thickc, fat leaves, fet together at everyof then ( X. VI V , aiany luiau amitong tnicne, tat leaves, let together at everyof thet fomewhat like unto the Spcriula, or Francke Spurry: at the toppesof thefialkes, hand divers flowers, each them upon a fhort_foote (hike, confiding of five or fixe leaves, fomewhat like unto Bywricum, s Johns war > a / ^ fo/com P arcth them, but of awhitifh red colour, with veikr threds in the middle; yer Matthwlus and others lay, the flowers are all yellow like Hi vericum, fmelline fomi what fweete, the feede is encloled in round heads: the roote is forpewhat long and wcoddy, with many threi d> fibres thereat: this keepeth his greene leaves all the winter, butturne fomewhat of a yellowifh red^eloi towards Autumne or feede time. ' ' w01 2 C°r is hgitimeCretica "Belli. The Candje faire Heath Low Pine. This Ctotdm as TScllm faith, groweth robe a cubit and a halfe high in good ground , ’branching forth mar wayes, and bearing many fmall leaves, like unto Heath on the woody fialkes and branchesthe flowers attf toppes, are not unlike to S. Iohu wort and yellow, which paffe into feede encloled in huskes like it alfo. the rcol is long, fpreadmg, and wooddy, abiding with greene leaves thereon all the winter. T .-r- , T 3 . Carls Adtmffekenfium. The purple faire Heath Low Pine. 1 ms faire Heath Low Pme.rifeth up likewife, with many round wooddy and reddifh flalkes.not fo hieh as th ti ™ conloSr y fmall > lon g> l * llck > & rodndifh leaves fet thereon,without order mod commonly. & ^et fome time, conformable one unto another,fomewhat like untothegieat kinde of Heathithe tops of the Likes are do h W co^ are greater hfn hi n 2 peece, double forked as it were at the ends, two whereof that fland uppermoft are greater than the other two that are lower, which will abide long in their perfefl: colour, being gathered ii Cor is Matthio'i. Matthioki his faire Heach Low Pine, 2. Cow legitina Creiicc ’Belli. Cantye faire Heath low Pine. r R I B S. 5 heir prime, and each of them [landing in a brownifli huske, 15 >arted at the toppes into five points, and fpotted with five / dackifh fpots, on the outfide, wherein afterwards groweth fihefeede; which is fmail round and blackifli, wrapped up as s t were in many coates or filmes, whofe huskes then doe grow sfomewhat hard and fharpeat the ends, when as Jjefore, iivhile the flower lafted, they were not fo; the roote is reddifh, Bind; hard, or wooddy, greater than the proportion of the plant fliouki feeme to require; giving a dye or colour, not one- y to the fingers of them that touch it, but ferveth alfo to lyelinnencloathes withall, forthofe where it groweth na- .tirafly this alfo abideth the winter, although the leaves are :hen more reddifh than in Summer, but requireth foraecarc to preferve it with us. The "Place, The firfl groweth in many places in Italy , in dry grounds and hils, as Matthiolm faith, and Tena feemeth to confirme the fame, in giving a more exa& difeription thereof, thanc^/k/- r hiolw did : Camerarim faith it groweth by Carara , a Village in Liguria : the fecond in Candye : and the laft neere Mom - \pelier, and the parts thereabouts, as Ten* faith, and Clu(ius faith, he found it in the dry grounds about Salamanca in Spaine, and neere the Sea alfo in Valenti a , and by OUompc- lier. The Time, ~~ They flower early in the hot Countries as Clufiw obferved, to be as well in \JMarch in fome places, as inCMaj in others^ but late with us, and feldome doe perfect their feede. The Names. ItiscalledinGreeke Kcexs, and as Diofcorides faith, of fome in his time Hypericum , and in Latine Coris alfo s oh pulchritu - dinem videtur difla, nam n'opn virgo puettave did potuir, faith Pena, quia teta pttlchella, & perquam hilarii eft • verum Hippo - crates & antiejui t pupiUam vocarunt, propter femen h cculi pupilUy feu anteriori humori crijlallino 9 amhitu Jpha- rico hand ahfimile.cujufmodi in hac Monfbeliaca cernitur. The _ , r ^ » -s firfl: is called Cori, Matthioli, by Camerarim, qefrerinhortis, Lacuna, Lomceru j, Label, Lugdunenfif, 7 abermon. tan us and others: Bauhinm calleth it Coni, lute*. the fecond Honbriw Bella,, In his firfl Epiftle to Clufim, calleth Coris leoitima, Brice Jitnilis,3,nd contefteth againft Bellonius for that in his firfl: booke of Obfervations, and 17. chap, he faith, that the roote of the Coris which he found in Candy, having yellow flowers, is very unplealant, whereby Bella, doth prefume that Bellonita did never fee this true Corn, for the caule atorefayd; that is, the un~ pleafantnefleof the roote,but that it was Afcyrumfci/icetfetidum which BelL^ushw, and called it Com- and therefore I alfo fufpeft, Bauhinu, hath not io rightly referred, Homrim Bellas, his Corn hgmma to this firfl Coris Matthioli but fhould rather have made it agree with the Monfyclsaca or Lhif amca, oi Lobel maC lajius, in regard of the manner of the growing and pollute of the leaves -. the other is called Corn Monjjtcltaca by, T'xa and Lobil in their Adverfaria, and io alfo by Corner arm and Tabermontanas and by Clufiut Com quorum dam. Eanhinus calleth it Coris cerulea maritime, and faith that although C/vjiw did fufpeft that the Symphytum pc. trssum of CMatthiolus, was this Coris, yet affurcdly, faith he, it was a differing plant , and was brought him from r _i__1___ ViVo rl arnin C.LtiSiM faith that the Spaniards did call it P inf el intncic u\eum or cjnattmom. was mis uora, yet anuicuiy,iaiui r-—... g. ri • . . the fame place, where Matthiolus laith his did grow. Clufm faith that the Spaniards did call itPmfel ini thei language: and Bellas faith that they mCandje called his fort Orpiloeorto, tdeft, herbaorpilo. I have given _/:_ 11 _ -l_ijin.™, dirh fir V.r.ohth names, as 1 thinke an language: and Beaus laitn tnat tney in c,armje cancu msxo.L . r * unto thefe, fo well as unto the other in the lall Chapter, iuch fit Enghfb names, as I thinke are proper unto them. The Vertues. ,. The Corides efpecially that of Montpelier, is hot and bitter, and fomewhat fweete in fent withall, and is very good to provoke Vrine, and womens courfes that are flopped, and fortheftrangury, if the bla er e no! ™ * cerated, if the feede be boyled in wine or bn, ifed and drunke. therein , the decofen thereof or thefeede it felfcdrunke is a remedy for thofe that have becne bitten with the venemous Spider ctilcd Phalangium, a for thofe that are troubled with the Goute or Sciatica,to be bathed therewith/* made into an oyle.or' it helpeth alfo the fhiveriags or (haking fitsaf agues, taken with femePepper: ItB^“^nwlShC. ments and falves, that are made to heale any old or running fores, and to dry up the moy [lure of them v dreth their cure. if ' 1 • l Hypericom vulgore. Ordinary S. Jobhi worr. I ? ord , inary S ' Io , h ’ ,s 'Y°, rt 1S w f 1 ! knowne at this day to many, but there are fome other forts - t "° llr knowledge, which Diofaridcs and the other auncient writers, knew rot of be- ■ I esthe Afcyrum, and Mmiroptmim, which are to be accounted other fevcrall kindes thereof but j larger: each whereof (hall be declared in their order. ’ UC ' I T , r * Hypericum vulgare. Common S*. lohtts wort. h : Q h fn „ aAin „ lhc ^mraonS. lohus wort Cbooteth forth brownifh, upright, hard, roundftalkes. twofoor* , another, at eve?y place.'whidi are'of a^deep^greene’eo- ^ CS t ^ Ctn ’ ^ av * n S tw0 ^ mal l ‘Saves, fst one againft ! lour, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the Idler Centorv but narrower, and full of fmall holes in every leafe, which” cannot be lo well perceived, as when they are held up to the light: atthetoppesof the (hikes and branches, (land yellow flowers, made of five leaves a pecce, with many yellow-threds in the middle, which being bruifed doe yeeld a reddifh juyee like blood: after which come fmall roundheads, wherein is contcined, fmall blackifh feede fmelling like Rolfen : theroote ishard and wooddy.with divers firings and fibres at it, and of a brownifh colour, which abideth m the ground many yeeres, (hooting a new every fpring. ° a. Hypericum minus ereflurn. Small upright S. Johns wort. This! fmall S. Johns wort, isveryraretomeete withall, being like the former, but that it is fmaller, yet the leaves doe not fully anfwere the forme of the former, but are a little broader and not fo (liarpe pointed; theftalkes are reddilh and the flowers fmaller, and not'fullyfoyel. low, nor give Jfo bloody a colour, when they are bruifed betweene the fingers, and fometimes (land in circles at the joyntsof the ftalkcs as well as at the toppes: the feede ls^rcfinous as the former, and the roote long lading 3. Hypericum minus fup'mnm. Small creeping S. lebns wort. This other fmall S. lohns wort, differeth little from the lad fmall fort, having reddilh dalkes, not above an hand breadth high at the mod, nor danding fully uprioht but leaning downewards, with fmall narrow fmooth leaves, and fmall yellow flowers. 4. Hypericum numuUrUfolio. Round leafed S. Johns wort, : " 7 r is i ittIc S * Iohns wort} is as fma11 an herbe as lad • whofe fmall reddilh fquare branches, rile no higher than * Grea* woolly S. lohm vrort. iF r f b e , 5., The Theater of'Plants, Chap. 50. .having two leaves fet one againft another, at every j'oynt up to ie toppes: and are almoft round, like unto Money- wort or hearbe VO pence, of a darke or fad greene on the upperiide, and whitilh , nderneath, (potted fometimes with reddifh fpotts and drakes: the 1; ow ers are ofa paler yellow colour, than the former, but fomewhat f irgc in companion of the plant, wtthdivers yellow threds in the .’.liddle • the rooteis fmall and long. Hypericum tamen&ofummajia Jlispanicr.m. Great woolly S. Iohm wort. I The greater woolly S. Johns wort, hath divers hayrie,whitifh wool- t f branches, lyinguponthe ground, and (hooting forth fibres, very hickc fee with fuch like leaves, as the.Common S. Johns wort hath, lit hoarie, white.and woolly; at the joynts towards the toppes, and t the toppes alfo, Hand paler and fmaller flowers than inthecom- non : after which come leede veffcls like unto the other iorts. and o is the feede, and wooddy roote. I _ P_ Hypericum fnpinttm tomentofum minus. Small creeping Woolly S. Johns wort. | The leffer woolly S. Johns wort, is in mofl things like the greater, r >nt that it is fmaller, the branches having the woolly leaves, notfo . hicke fet together, fmaller and rounder than the former. 7. Hypericum frutejeens Atnericnnum jiore ciho. Indian S.M»r wore,with whiteflowers. I The Indian S. /.fouwort, rifeth up with fundry wooddy (terns 1 ilmoft to a mans height, covered with a whitifh barke. from whence ifpring on all Tides, drivers branches, fccthicke with greene leaves, narrow below,and broad and round at the ends, fometimes * or 3 at a place, from which joynts alfo rife diver6 white flowers, madeof fourc leaves apeece: the leaves fall away every yeere, and rife againe in the fpring, the wooddy fiems abiding. The Place, r The firft foure forts grow in woods, and copfes, as well thofe that are fhadie, as open to the funne: the fife Clufius found in Salamanca, and Valent ia in Sp/tine : the fixt like wife is often found in our Coan- tryjas well on dry barren grounds, as in moorifh 2tnd wet Helds ; the laft was brought from the North-weft parts of America . , The Time. They doe all flower about Midfommer, and in Inly, and fome o H . them later, and their feede is ripe in the end of July and Auguft, for the moft part. The Names. It called in Greeke iy.ov Hyper icon, which the Latines.doeretainc, and yet fome hav£ called it Fugadtmc* num. fupcrftitioufly imsgining, that it will drive away devills: and fome call it, Perforata, or Porofa, from the many fmall holes, are to be feene in the leaves: but we finde that in Diofcor ides his time; the name Hypericum was oiven unto five feverall hearbs; that is,to Rata fjheflrU , OnobrjcbU , Hypericum, Afcyrum, and Corii as in his Commentaries, is extant, to be feene : and concerning this Hypericum alfo, he faith, thatinhis timeicwasca led Androfemum (of the bloody colour, the flowers yeeld) and Chamepytis (of the refinous lent of the feede and heads)and yet all thefeherbes are feverally deferibed by fDiofcorides, in feverall chapters of his Commentaries. Marcclltn Floremimts, from the Greeke word Leucoion , in the text of T>iofcorides } whereunto he compareth the flowers of Hypericum, would thereupon interpret the flowers thereof to be white, and Plinye alfo mntakmg the Greeke word in Diofcor ides, as it is very frequent ip him, where Diofcorides compareth the leeae veflek, or Hypericum, unto abarlycorne that is fomewhat long and round, he faith that the feede ripeneth at the tunc, when as barly is ripe. The' Arabians call it Reofiicon, Reiofaricon, and as others have it Henfertcou Nclifricon • the Italians Hyperico, & perforata, zfr herba di San Giouainni: the Spaniards Comconcillo i the French Adi " e P e * tu f*' & Tourchcron : the Germane s S. Johan, kraut, and Harphaw : th eVutch S. Johns cruiit, and we in Enghfl, S. Johns wort. Thefirft is generally nowadayes, by all authors taken to be the true Hypericon oh Diofcon es, as both the bio xfy colour of the fio.wers, and the refinous fent of the heads, and feede thereof doe declare, cmg two principal! notes thereof: the fccond is thought to be Hypericum pulchrum of 7>rf£*-r, and the fmaller .ore of Thalius. I cannot otherwifethinke,butthatit is alfo, the Hypericum Syriacum of Lobel, for lucn a one hath beene found in many places of this Land, with many fmall leaves fet at a joynt, in the fame manner, au whs calleth it Hypericum minus erettum, as l doe in the title; yet he maketh Lobel his Syriacum to be another fort.c >c third is the Hyperieumextguum of Tragus, the Hypericum minus of Gefner and Dodontus, Hypericum minimum fupinum Septentrionale ot Lobel, and the Hypericum fupinum tertium minimum of Clupus, which Baubinus calleth Hypericum minus fupinum, velfupinumglabrum : the fourth is as I take it, the Hypericum tertittm of Tragus^Nh\a\ Baubinus in his Vinax maketh his fecond fort, and deferibeth it in his Prodromus , under the fame name in the title: the fi ftCluftus calleth Hypericum fupinum, & tomentofum-H/Jpanicum, which as he faith lohannes P afa or a cn- tia. called Ruta fylveslris of Diofcorides, but Ruellius putteth that among the baftard names. Baubinus calleth it Hypericum fupinum tomentofum majus, vel Hifj>*nicum, and yet maketh this to be Lobel his Hypericum ?n snmum fupinum Septentrionalium, which he referred before to th emlnus vel fupinum olabrum,hwr. it cannot be both t. is an that,becaufe the one hath fmooth greene leaves, and is leffer than th tSpanifh kinde, which is woolly, an o is not that: thefixth is the Hypericumcdterum tomentofum of Lobel ; but Clufius checketh Lobel in making t is an his former tementofum JJijfanicum to be both one. Bauhims calleth it Hypericum fupinum tomento ^ um ^^^ aa 574 Chap. 51 . Theatrum c Botanicum. RIBS 5-5 “ d .'hinke itto he the AndnfamumalbumDahckamfyoiLuodmirfir w hich IfcTTt- 7~ why he (held to judge, mthat the figure expreffeth an upright/and no? a be^/ng plant and defcription given of it: The lad hath the name impofed upon it.as is fitted I thinke for it. P ' 6 ls no 1 The Vertttes. S. Iohni wort is as fingular a wound herbe as any other whatfoever, eyther for inward wounds hm-sc r ■ fes, tobeboyled mw.ne anddrunke or prepared into oyle or oyntment, bathe or lotion outw’rdh for h ni ' of an hot and drying quality with lubtili parts, it hath power to open obftruffions, to diffiXe tu™ ' ng : confohdate or foder the hpsof wounds.and to ftrengthen the parts that are weake and feeble-the decoftb, f l 9 ' he hf f7 erS ’ bl ^ ° f 4 be f ? ed ,facially in wine,being drunkc.or the feed made into ponder and d Z' ! the juice of Knotgrafle, helpeth all manner of fpittingand vomitincof blood, bee ir 1™ ■ , , With vvardly, by bruifes, falls or howl'oeyer: the fame alio helpeth all tlrofe that are bitten or (lunge bV'JZ vc^" ’ creature- And is good for thofe thfrare troubled with the done in their kidneys, or cannot make « m ° U j ! being applyed provoked, womens courfcitwo drams of thefeede made into ponder, and drank n a ll, h’ 1 doth gently expell choller, or congealed blood in the (lomack.and mefentery veines the decoflion nfrh ^° th * and feeds being drunk fomewhat warmc before the fits of a»ues whether they be tertUm JZ, a, eaves to alter the fits,and by often ufing taketh them quite awayjthe feede is much commended beU drunkef hdp£ dayes together, to helpe the Sciatica or Hippe Goute, Fallingfickneffe and Palfie alfo The herbe Th e h 4 °f the !eaves,flowers and leede, fteeped in wine for i a. hoi,res, and then diffftkdFan ordinary Sri i 1 ’ ° th hereof being drunke with a little Sugar therein, is accounted as eftefluall as any decoflion or othe ire W ? tCt and killeth the wormesin the belly or flomacke. The oyle ofS Job,,, wort, eyther finrn leor ol?T T l ™‘ compound ,s more effefluall,is fingular good both for all greene wounds,and old fores £ n to W whe r e,that are hard to be c ured.and is effedtuali alfo for crampes and aches in the loynts and na i,e, in l 8 *" dfc and finewes.and is alfo good for all burnings by fire.to be presently tiled or the fuice nfrhe tl,e Vc,ncs the hearbe dryed and made into pouder, is as effeftuall for wounds and fores to be ftrowed thereon'T or, dice. The fin,pie oyle is made of foure ounces of the flowers infufed in a pint of oyle OHive call e oyle, and three ounces ofwh,re wme,for, o. or u. dayes to beelet in the Sunne, and afterwards ^hnf ? allec E*Uo or Kettle of feethmg water,ftrayned forth, and refreftied with new flowers, fo St? 'a* he fame manner boyled,flramed forth and renewed the third time with frefh flowers Sr i “"l m laflly flood in the Sunne a fortnight or more, are to be boyled in the fayd Bah» or KettTe of frcihi * We ftrayned forth, and the oyle, having fome fine turpentine diffolved in it whiles it is hot and fo good for the purpofesaforefayd. Like hereunto Gerard hath let downeaway, which is wirb S ’ fi !’ SUlaI: parts, white wine and oyle of Turpentine one part, fet in the Sunne, with the leaves ? ; *'Wort, for 8. or io. dayes, and boyled and renewed the third time in rbc "re C f des '“PS- compound oyle ,s made of the fimple oyle, after the laft infufion being (trained forth ”et2' of Candy .Gmnm or I elwort CW«r Be„ e difl w , or Blelfed thiftle, and Tormemi/l of Zcb I fmall m Lome earth wormeswafhecland flit, andall of them infufed in the fayd oyle, and fet to theSuZ Um,C ’ e ’f n««-/wort. ° ’ rounder pointed, and w, h' ve^C or"^feene therein andf °- Wort > >« W a Httk rifing from the bofomc of the treater and fomert'mrs a . • n ’?r d ^ avin g^ 0Ir i e times fome fmaller leaves, the ftalkes ftand many yellow ftarre-like flowers with yellow rhred ^ yf th ^? lkes Wl11 bec; at tIie t0 PP es Johns wort, fo that butforth largeneffe MdS’ete 11 it J &^™n^T dd, ^T Jr Hke un , tothofe of S. that it giveth not fo bloody a juice, beins bruifed betweene the L K d - lfcer I 1 5 cI / r ? n ? I S ‘ Iohns w °rc> and a relinous fent ; the rootea y bide l th‘ta,g? * K ° futhlikc (cedc > of asli ’ ron S T g; ,, c „ wm nugrn fare. Great flowred S. Peters wort fides the naturall place. y ’ 3nd thefe thln g smak e ^ whole difference from the former be- This rfi fferpeh r„ . 4 f A f c y rMcs cretica major. Great S .’Peters wort of Card, gJthenlf ° rmCr ° ndylnthClar S cneffc ^ves and flowers/which are foure timea big- rht gribe Placed The firft groweth in many Grovesj and fmall low foods in divers places or this Land, as in Kent t r untington y Northampton, and Cambridge (hires; alfo neare water courfes in other places The (c- >nd was fouud on the Pjrtnitn hills: The third in Mardies of the Low Countries,and the laft in 'andy. The Time, They doe all flower in Une and Iuly t and the feedc 9 ripe in August. The Thames, It is called in (Sreekc etW^and dewytMi, Afcy- m and Afcyroides , & contrario diBum put atm : )tOs©- enim afperitatem illu fignificati The Latincs : avc no other name then Afcyrum, from the Greekea i 3 call it. Diofcorides faith, it was alfo called An- irofemvtn, and Hypericum tocr, and Galen there- 3re accounteth it a kind ot Androfamum . The firft is j fually called by moft writers Afcyrum , as CMatthio. I ** doth ; it is probable to bee the firft Hypericum in < 'ftmctii nafeensot Tragw , and is the firft Androfx- f mm of Fuchfius, and by Dodonaus fet for Hypericum , in his French Edition, but called Androfamum alte - urn hirfutum, by Fabius folumna, who yet doubted vhether to call it Hypericum or Androfdmum , faying tcameneareft unto Afcyrum , although lomewhat litfering from it (which it may bee is but the foyle md climate) Bauhinui calleth it Androfemum hirfu- turn : the next two have their names in their titles :hat Bauhinus giveth them; yet the third is called 3 yClujiiu, in the Antluarium of his other Appen¬ dix, Afcyrum fupinum : the laft is called by Alpinut lib. de exoticisfisk is in the title; all nations chriftned take it as another kind ofS Johns wort, and fo call it,and we S. Peters wort. The Verifies, , . ■ \ It is of the fame propertie with S. Iohns wort, but lomewhat weake, and therclore more iduomc u-led; th£ ! {cede to the qqantitie of two drams taken at a time,in Meade or honyed wata ,purgcth, faith Dio/corides, Tliny^ and Galen choflcricke humours, and thereby helpeth thofe that are troubled with the Sciatica, or paine in the hippes : thcleaves are ufed as S .Iohns wort, to hclpe thofe places of the body that have bcenc burnt with fire. Chap. 1.11» Androftmum, Tutfan,or Parke leaves. J Lthough out Tutfan be not the right Androftmum of Di*Jcorides,&c, yet becaufe it is fo generally sc, called^and accounted by moll, let it receive his place here among fome other plants called Androf «- mum, by divers writers, that thereby you may fee and know the difference bet weene them. I. Androfarrmm vulgare. Common Tutfan or Parke leaves. -- Our Tutfan hath not fquare butbrowniih (hining round (lalkes, crefted all the length thereof, ri- ing to be two.orfometimes three footc high, branching forth even from thebottome, but more thinly fet or r artherai'under having divers joynts, and at each of them two faire large leaves (landing, but more thinly let hen of the other forts, which are of a darke blewifh greene colour on the upper hde.and of a yellower greene un- ierneath, turning reddifh towards Autumne, but abiding on the branches ali the winter: at the ropes of the lalkes and branches Hand larger yellow flowers, then in any of the former forts, and head, with feede ike- arife larger, which being greene at the firll, and afterwards reddilh, turne to be of a black.(h purple colour, •vhen they are through ripe, with fmall brownilh feede within them, and then yeeld a reddilh ju.ee or liquor, if a reafonable good fent, lomewhat refinous, and of an harfli or llipticke tafle, as the leaves alio and the flowers lee, although muchleffe, but doe notyeeld fuch a cleare Claret wine liquor, as Gertrd following MU s therein, faith it hath; the rooteis brownilh, fomewhat great hard and wooddy.lpreadtng well in the D 2 , Androfemum \JWattbioli. Adatthiolus his Tutfan . • This Tutfan ("for other Englilh name I know not well, what it may have, unlefle you would call it a great S , iohns wort becaufe it is fo like it) hath brownilh roundflalkes, with two leaves at every joynt, fuller of bran¬ ds, elfe very like unto S, Iohns wort, but more fparingly or thinly fet thereon, much fmaller and greener then heformerTutfan, and greater then thofe of S. Iohns won, without any hoales at all in them; the flowersate ycljpw like wife,and greater then they, and fo are the heads with feede, butfpotted with blacke (treakes on them: the roote is brownifh and abideth, yet the (hikes perifh; the leaves hereof as well as flowers, doe gives red juice like S.Iobw wort, whereofit maybed be di- fcerned, but becaufe S. Teters wort doth the like alfo, therefore divers doe miftake one for another; and the rather, for that S. Peters wort is found to have a round (hike,although ordinarily it be fquare. 3. Androftmunuilterum Ayttlum. Tutfan otNaples', This Neapolitane Tutfan is more bufhie, but grow- ethnotfohighas the lad, for it fendeth forth from a reddifh roote, fomewhatthreddy ,reddifh,or brownifli round ftalkes, not much above a foote high, with two creded drakes like filmes all the length of them,and are full of branches, with two leaves at every joynt, fo clofely fet thereunto at the bottome, that the (hikes l'eemctorunne through them, and yet are Ierterthen the lad recited Tutfan, fharpe pointed, of a frefher greene colour, and fmooth on the upper fide, white underneath, and having many fmall holes therein, al- mofl not to bee perceived, and for the mod part are greater and broader towa-ds the topoes then they are below; the flowers at the topp:s of the branches are of a paler yellow col ur, many more fet together then in the other, whofe greene huskes wherein they Aand have blackilli fpots on them, which fo abide when the leaves are full of feede-'both leaves and flowers yeeld a blooddy or reddifh juice, being bulled betweene the fingers, as any of the other doe. 4 Androfzmitm f&tidurn. Stinking Tutfan. 1 This flinking Tutfan groweth upright with hard wooddy (talkes, three or foure and fometimes unto five cubits high, asgreat as ones arme below, and of ared- didr colour, branching forth up wards with divers win^s of frefh greene leaves fee thereon, two at every j’oynr, fomewhat like unto thofe of Licoris,and doe alwayes a- 2, Hypericum m jvs five Anirofemum MalthiOli, Mattbiotui his Tutfan. 1 . ^ndrofivjumVulgare. Tutfan or Parke leaves. 4. -dndrof&mum ScmkingTucfan. e TRIBE.5, The ‘.lheater of ''Plants. Chap.55. ‘ bide on the branches, winter as well as Summer,in the warme countries,wherein it is naturall,but doth hardly en¬ dure our cold climate, although kept and defended with all the care wee can ufe ; at the ends of the Italkes Hand yellow flowers, like the common Tutfan, upon (lender but longer footeftalkes then in any of the former forts, and the yellow threds in the middle of them longer alfo; which after they are paftyecld round and fomewhat longheads, likeunto the berries of the Turpentine tree, never falling away from the buflies of themfelves, wherein lye very fmall feede. In Candy it yeeldeth a liquid Rofcn or Turpentine that fmelleth ftrong, more like a Goate then any Rofen, even as the leaves and all the reft of the plant doth, this yeeldeth no redorblooddy juice at all, as the true Androfemum and Afcyrum doe. The Place . 1 The firfl groweth in many Woods. Groves and wooddy grounds, as ParkeS and Forrelfs, and by hedge fides, .1 in many places of this land, as in Hampfted Wood, by Rally in EJfex, in the wealde of Kent, and many other pla¬ ces needeltfle to recite : The fecond is found alfo about Briftow and Bath, and in other parts of the Weft coun¬ try. The third Babins Columna faith hee found on the hills Cirimle, which are to the Southward in Naples ; And the lalt Honorius Bellus faith, groweth by the brookes and fprings of waters in Candy and no where elfe- but it moweth upon Mount Baldus as forta faith in the defcription thereof. s 7 he Time. They all flower later then S. Iohns wort, or S. Veters wort, and the laft later then any of the other. The Names. I It is called Greeke Androfamon a [anguine htsmanoctsi com-cfucctts ajftmiUtur, Galen faith it was of ■twoforts, the one whereof was called Diom/hM by fome in his time, the other AJcyrium, and Afcyroides. The : firfl is called by Dodonam Androfxmum, and (o it is alfo (fameramiss, Gefner inbortis, and Lugdunenfis, and ta- 1 ken by Cafalpinm robe the true Androfamumoi Biofcoriies,qalenxc\d J liny, and the Centeria of Theophraftus ■ but Lobel in his Adverfaria contefteth againft it,&Taith it is the Clymetmm It alert/m, as AnguiUara doth, and lilted wife Gefner in bortisjo alfo Cafter Durantes,md of the Italians in many places called $kiliana,or herba Siciliana becaufe as they imagined it grew no where naturally but in Sicily ; or Cecil,ana as Camerarms hath, who alfo calleth it Climemrn non ‘Diofcaridis, fed Plmianum, as Anguillara before him did. 'Bauhintes calleth it Androfx- mum maximumfrutefeens .We callirproperly in Englifb Tutfan.from the French who tMilToutfamc, & not from the Italians who call it Tutifan, as Carrier ariw faith. Some alfo call it Parke leaves, becaufe it is (o familiar to Parkes and Woods, that it almoft groweth no where elfe. The fecond is called Androfxmum by Matthiolm as alfo by Eufchim, Lacuna, Cordus upon Diofcvrides and Gefner ■ Camerarius as I take it calleth it Amtrofemum minus, for be calleth the former majus, and Lobel calleth it Androfemum magnum,and Sxcellentm, becaufe he was not perfwaded that the firfl; was worthy the name of Androfamm. TTodonaus would hhve it to bee-ffarvt Sylveftris of Diofcoridcs, and thereupon calleth it F.uta Sylveftris Hypericoides, becaufe Diofcorides writetb that the Ruta Sylvtftris was called Hypericum by fome in his time; I take it to be the Hypericum fecttndum Travi in d:s. metis uafeens • as alfo to bee the Andrefamum Campoclarenfe of Colstmna. Bauhinus doth impofe two feverall names upon this herbe in my judgement, when as it is but one, for hec calleth that of Matthiolm, Cordus,Gefner and the re A, Afcyrumfive Hypericum bifolium glabrum, non perforatum and the other of Lobel, which T)odon.cm called Rutafyl. Hypericoides , Androfamum altcrumfoliys Hyperici, quod aliqtsibus Hypericoides. The third is called by Columna, as it is in the title, but by Bauhinus Androfemnm perfoliqtum & perforatum. The laft is called bv (famerarius Androfamummimu five anguftifolium and taketh it to be Tragium of Homrius Bellus of Can¬ dy, called by the inhabitants Neroitti, as hee faith, and as it is remembred by him, in his third Epiftle to CluRus let forth with Ciuftus his Htftoriararierumplantarum,-whole figureas Camcrarius thought, was not as thenfet forth by any ; butfincehis time Bauhhius hath exhibited the figure thereof in his OMatthiolus, by the name of Androftmum feetidism, and afterwards by Bona, in the defcription of mount Baldiu, both in hisLatineand Ita¬ lian Edition, when he calleth it Tragum/egitirnumveteram, ab ipfo Bello cffigiatssm, and in the fame Latine Edi¬ tion, fob I I. hee calleth it Tragium Crettcum Bellamy wmTHofcoridis, and fo doth Bauhinm alfo: but I thinke Tauhiniu was miflaken, to thinke that this plant,which in his Pinax, he formerly referreth to Tragium of Ho. norius Bellus, fbould bee alfo the fame with Afcyrum Legitimism, for 'Bellus faith, that the Cretans called this Agaudotsro, and the Tragium Neroitli, as it is before fayd, fo that thefe are two feverall plants, and called by two feverall names, asSr/tot fliewcch it, who was fo Angular inherbarifme, thache would not fall into fuch anerrouras Bauhinus here doth. The Vertues. Tutfan moderately heateth and dryeth, yet the feede hath an abfterfive qualide, whereby it purgeth cholo- ricke humours, asS. Peters wort is fayd before to doe, for therein and in all other things it makes the fame ef¬ fect, both to helpe the Sciatica and Goute,and to healc burnings by fire : it ftayeth alfo the bleeding of wounds, if eyther the greene herbe bruifed, or the ponder of the dry be applyed thereto; it is, and fo hath formerly in all agesamong husbandmen, beene accounted a fovefaigne herbe to heale any wound or fore, eyther outwardly or inwardly as the name importeth ; and therefore it wasalwayes one of their lingular good herbes wherewith they made wound drinkes,or lotions, BalmCs, ovles, or oyntments, for any fort of greene wound, or old VI- cers and fores, in all which the continuall experience of many ages, to bee admirable good, hath confirmed the nfethereofto be affured, although it be not fo much in requeft and nfe as formerly it was, when as Chirurgions and leeches did more addift themfelves to ufe herbes,then now they doe. Ghap. LIII, Bupleurum. Hares eves. Any have reckoned the Buplettra fit to be placed with the umbellifers, becaufe they beare tufts offlow- ers and feede like unto them, but in that their growing is much different; I have thought it fitter to fpeake of them apart, D d d 1. Bis- 578 Chap.53« 1 Tbeatrum Botanicum. RlBE, 5 i )• 1. Buplcnrum angtijlifolinm Narrow le afed Hares eares. The narrow leafed Hares eare3, rileth up with a round ftiffe greeneftalke two foote high; at the feverall 1 joynts whereof,grow feverall long and narrow very darkegreene (Lining fmooth leaves,broadeft at the bottome, r and narrower by degrees unto the ends, with divers ribbes running thorough them,the middlemoft whereof is greateft, yet nothing lo narrow as graffe leaves, as divers doe compare them, as any that I have feene of this 1 lort, which ftand one above another up to the top, growing fmaller and fmaller, at the joynts Iikewife ; from 1 the middle of the ftalkes at the lcaft, upwards if it grow in any good ground, come forth fmall branches, but 1 fometimes with few or no branches at all, at the tops whereof ftand many fmall tufts or umbells ofyellowifh [ flowers, which tume into fmall feede, like Parfelcy feede, but of a darker colour, andfomewhat longer; the < roote is fomewhat long, but fmall,and white on the outfide, like unto a Parflcy rootc, with divers fibres there- • at, perifhing yearely with me,as the next alfo. 2. 'Bupleurum latifotium . Broad leafed Hares eares. This other Hares eares groweth in the fame manner that the former doth, with ftajke,branchcs,flowers,feede, , and roote,and herein chiefly if not onely differeth from it,that it beareth broader and fhorter leaves,fmalleft at the : foote, broadefl: in the middle, and ending in a fmall point, fomewhat hollow, and bowing doWnewards with ; divers long Nerves or ribbes therein, as in the former, and the middle moll eminent,or raifed higheft. 3. Fup'.eurum Anguflifolium Alpinism. Mountainc narrow leafed Hares eares. This mountaine Haires eares, from a round thicke roote, about a foote long let with knobs or bunches inflead i of branches, and with a thicke barke, of a darke red on the outfide, and pale within, divided at the head in- ■ to many parts, arife divers long and narrow greene leaves, lying on the ground, compafling one another at the : bottome like a ftarre, for the forme of them like unto the firft Hares eares, but narrower *, from divers of thefe ; tufts of leaves, arife darke round flalkes, about an handbreadth high, bearing at the toppes many pale yellow i flowers, made of feaven pointed leaves a pcece, and in the middle of them divers fmall feed fet thicke together, fomewhat like unto the Thorowwax,fet forth in the next Chapter, or as the former Haires eares, which fmell I very ftrong; the whole plant elfe, tafteth like an Artichoke. 4. Buplenrum minimum. The leaf! Hares eares. The leaft Hares eares, is alfo like the firft deferibed hares cares in all things,the fmalncfle of the plants, both in ftalkes,narrow long leaves,and all other partes making the difference. The Place, The two former Lobel faith grew about Mompelier in France^ in the dry fteny places,and in Germany } as Tta- gw faith, and are alfo found in our Land,in divers places - the third upon Mount Baldw y asPf^inthedclcrip^ tion thereof faith ; the la ^Column* faith he found in the borders of the dry fields,neare Cirinola in Naples . The Time, They all flower late,that is not untill the end of I#^,and in Augtejl i and their feede is ripe in September, 2. Buplemm Latifotium, Broad leafed Haris eares. 3. Bupleurutn anguflifo’ium Atpimm. Mountaine narrow leafed Hares cares. The Tribe 5. The Theater of Plants. Cha P.54. 579 The Names. It is generally taken to be the Ei Mt l e ;,.Bupleurum,t\nz Pliry mentioneth in his i*. booke, and 22. chap, out of Hippocrates, and Nic under in Theriacis 5 and was as he there laith, ufcd in meates ill Hippocrates his time and 0- thers,and reckoned among lalletand pot hearbes,bnt iifedin Phyfickeand tnedecines, by Glaucus m&Nicander, Divers havediverfiy referred thefe herbes, as forne to the BupreJHs oiTheophraJIm, in his 7. booke, and S. chap, whereof (liny alfo l'peaketh. in the fayd booke, and chapter before fayd: Gefner in hortU faith, that with the French, it was called Elaphobofctsm and Cjratia Dei. Some alfotooke ittobethe Panax Chtronium, 0 f Diofcori- , des,Some to be Ammivulgatius, and fome Sanamunda. Bauhinut in his Pinax faith, that Far ax Chironium Tlirii I: doth more rightly agree unto the Valeriana campeflris JiveUducaagnim, Lambes Lettice, or Come fallet: thofe n about 'jMornpcher as Gefner in hortie and Label fay, called it Auricula leporis, efpecially the Latifolmm for the i refemblance thereof unto Hares eares. Cor dm in hishiffory of Plants, called) it jfophy lion.Tragus calleth it Her bn \ Valuer ar ia,tVaundbraut,not underftar.ding from any ofhis nation,by what other name they called it,and therefore he himfelfe referreth it, to the Panax Cbironium of Theopbraflus , who faith it hath the lcafe of a Docke, blit that of Diofcorides & Nu:under have the leaves of Amaracns or Marjerome.I fincle a great millake, and forgetfulnelfe in Baubimts as w ell as in Lugduncnfls , this in fetting forth, and he in admitting the errour to paffe concerning the 'Bupleurum which Litgdimer.fis calk'dl Lapathum fylvefire 4: genus Dalechampii in one place, and Batthims Lapa- * thumacutum flare aurco, and yet Lugdnnenfls faith there, that fome called it Fannies Chironium folio Lapathi flare anreo Plirij, which was fufficierit f thinke, to make him underftand it to be this Bupleurum, and not a Lapathum, and yet both he & Bauhimu in their prdper places.call it £«/>/«»-«» notwithlhnding.The third is called by Pona, in his Latine edition of VsowntBaldusfSedumpetreum Bupleitrifolio,aut potius Buplettritmpetraum yamineofolio. but Clufius in fetting forth the defeription of the fayd Mount Baldtts, givethit this note, that it rs flare verms’ tjuamfo/io'Eupleuri. Baubimts in the fayd Latine edition of Potta, Is let downe tocallit then Bupleurum Alpi- i num, Btip/eurifolio (which I have thought fitted to follow, as it is in the title,-but afterwards in his Pima, bee 1 referreth it to the Perfoliata, calling it 'Perfoliata Alpim pramineofolio,five Bssplettrtsm angfsftifolium Alpinism here¬ by judging the Perfoliata and Bupleurum to be congeneres, for in the heads of feede, the one is fome what like the 1 other, as any that hath leene them both may well obferve. Fatbitss (folumr.a maketh mention of the laft, and cal- . lcth it, as it is in the title : and BnHhinut Bupleurum angufliffimo folio . The Vertues , Thefe herbeS are moderately hot and dry, and therefore may well be accounted Panaces, or Wound herbes' and have the fame properties that they have, and which Pliny and others attribute unto Bupleurum : if the feede or the roote in powder taken in wine, or boyled in wine be dritnke; and fo are the leaves alfo good againft the bicings.orftingings.of any ferpents or venemous creatures, the hurt place alfo bathed with the' fame, and is of great efficacy to provoke Vrine,and womens courfes being lloppedrthey are alfoto very good purpofe, either ufed alone,or with other things,to heale wounds inward or outward, whether they be frefir and greene,or old cancres j and lores, of cvill dilpoirtion, and bad curation. Chap. LI III. Perfoliata. Thorough waxe. Here arc divers forts of Thoroughwaxe, fome greater, fome lelfer, fome of the fields and Med. dowes,other or the hils and mountaines,&c.al of necrc aflinitic one unto anetherjand with them I thinke fit to joyne another herbe, which fome have referred to another family, becaufe of the long cods with fefcde that it beareth. 1 . Perfoliata vulgaris. Common Thoroughwaxe. —- The common Thoroughwaxe, fendeth forth one ftraight round (hike, and fometimes more two foote high and better whole lower leaves being of a blewifh greenc colour, are fmaller and narrower than thole tip higher , and doe Hand clofe thereto, not comparing it, but as they grow higher, they doe more and more encompafle the Halke, untill it wholly as it were pafle through them, branching toward the toppe into many parts, where the leaves grow fmaller againe,every one Handing fingly,and never two at any ioynt:thp flow¬ ers are very fmali, and yellow,Handing in tufts at the heads of the branches, where afterwards grow the feede- imnli and blackifh, many thicke thruft together: the roote is fmall, long, and wooddy, periling every vecre* after feede time; and riling plentifully of it owne (owing, if it be fuffered to (hed it lelfe. . , _ Perfoliata fore multiplier. Double fiowred Thoroughwaxe. 1 nis differeth in nothing from the former, but in the heads of flowers, which arc thicker fet together, and larger, which give no feede, buns wholly a degenerate kinde, riling fiom the feede of the former, fpendins his fruite and encreafe in the plentifull headcs of flowers. ^ g 3* P er foliata montaualatifolia. Broad leafed Mountaine Thorough waxe. 1 he leaves of this Mountaine thronghwaxe, are fomewhat larger and longer, and more pointed than the former, many growing together, from the heads riling from the roote, every one Handing on afmall foote- Italke- from among which rile up (hikes with Shorter leaves,, which compafle the Halkes, that are branched at the toppes whereon Hand yellow flowers, fomewhat larger than the former, many in like manner fee together in the midlt of the under greene leaves,which are as a cup to conteine them,whsrein afterwards Hand the feede’ like the former but larger : the roote is thicke and reddifla on the outlide, lying long wile under the face of the ground, (hooting forth heads of leaves in divers places,and with fmali Hrings and fibres downeward \cndurinfr many yeeres, and not perifhing like the former. Bauhinw maketh another fort hereof with fmaller flower? yet giveth no defeription thereof. nowers, Mkcr: 4- P e rf°h*ta Alpina latifolia minor. The lelfer broad leafed Mountaine Thoroughwaxe. This letter Throughwaxe is fomewhat like the firft or common fort, but that it is fmaller, riling not fo high,and lalke^f^, 11 ^ fta ii CS fU ? i lke 'l aves but fmalIer > which are divided at th£ Dattomc 3f them into two’ pari, the talkcs lo pa (ling through them, but are not whole and round as the former are, and branching at the toppes, D d d 2 whereout 580 Chap. 54 - Theatrum Botanicum , Tr I B E 1 . Perfoliata vulgaru. Common Througbwaxe. 4 . Perfoliata latifoUa tninOf. The lefler broad Mountaine leafed riiroughwaxe 3 . Perfoliata montana latifolia. Broad leafed mo untainc Throughvme. 9 . Perfoliatafdi^uofa vulgarisfeu Brafsica came fir is. Common codded Throughwaxe. The 'Theater of ‘ Plants . Chap. 54. 581 r r ib E.5, hereout from bctweenetwoleavesi come forth fuch like pale yellow flowers, (landing in tufts, with fmall •ede following like it alfo •' theroote isftnall and reddifli, perifhingas it doth. . ‘Perfoliata Alpinaaitgafiifoliamajor. The greater narrow leafed Mountains Thoroughwaxe. Thisgreater Mountaine kindeof narrow leafed Throughwaxe, hath divers very long, and narrow, whi- fli precne fmooth leaves, fprcad on the ground, about a foote long, of an inch, or inch and halfe r ad with corners alfo about them almoft like lvie leaves, which compaffe thtftalkes about the bottomc of rem Veldotne more than one at a joynt; at the toppe whereof come forth five broad leaves (landing round, -om the midft whereof arifefixe or feven fmall llalkes, lome longer and fhortcr than others, bearing thereon nail reddifb yellow flowers, in the middle of fmall round leaves: the roote is long and thtcke, covered with hlackifhbarke, and endureth. 6 Perfoliata Alpina anguflifolfa minor, The letter narrow leafed Mountaine Thoroughwaxe. This Thoroughwaxe hath but one ftalke,about a foote high, without any branches beartng thereon atfeverall l.ftances long and narrow leaves like the lad, but fhortcr and lefler, comparing the flalke at the bottome, and t the toppes Tome few reddifli flowers, (landing in tufts like the common kinde, andfeede accordingly; the oote is fmall and reddifh. , , , T , , ~ ftMiata Alpinaanguflifoliammma. The lead narrow leafed Mountaine Thoroughwaxe. This lead kinde is a fmall plant, not pad an hand breadth high, with a reddifli running or creeping roote.fhoo- inn forth in divers places very narrow, long, fmooth, greens leaves: from among which arifeth a flalke, parted nto two branches and each of them againe into other lmaller ones, with one or two leaves under *cm,compa(- in „ them at the bottomc,where it is broadeft ;the flowers ate fmall,and yellow,(landing together in tufts like the )t * ler ' g Perfoliata minor ramis inflexit. Small Thoroughwaxe with bending branches. This fmall Thoroughwaxe hath divers leaves, arifmg from the roote, which are foinewhat long, but fhorter hanthofeof the firft Mountaine Thoroughwaxe; the llitlke isTmall, and, lye* as it were upon the ground, bea- in" fuch like leaves as that Mountaine kinde doth, and comparing the flalke in the lame manner; the flowers irc 3 yellow like the common kinde : the roote perifheth every yeere like unto it, and therein differeth from mod if the other mountaine kindes. . _ ,, . p. Perfolinta p/njtiofa vulgar^, Common coddea ! nrougnwaxe. The ordinary codded Thoroughwaxe, hath wcake llalkes,branching forth at every joynt, with leaves fetat hem compafling them at the bottome, very like unto the lirft Common Thoroughwaxe,but thicker, fatter, and nore’pointed and pf a whiter greene colour, mod like unto Cabbage or Colewort leaves, and with fquare ineveiineffe on the ed«e5 ufually : the toppes of the branches are furmfhed with many, (mall white flowers, landing one above another, confiding of foureleaves a peece, which afterwards turne into fmall long and fquare ■oddes wherein is conteined round brownilh feede ; the roote is fmall and yyooddy,per idling after feede time. * jo Perfoliata jiliqtiofaflarepurpureo. Codded Thoroughwaxe with purple flowers. This other codded Throughwaxe, is very like the lad, having ftraighter, and more upright (hikes, and lar¬ ger flowers thereon, of a pale purplifli colour, like unto thofe of the white Satun: in all the tell it differeth not from the lad. The Place. The fit d and the lad fave one are found oftentimes in our owne Land ill many come fields, and paflure grounds • the fecond, as I fayd, is but a degenerate kinde of the firft, and is often found in gardens, where the firft is fowen • the? 4. 5 . 6 . 7.8. grow all upon hills, fome in Germany, and the Alpesof tht Sontfers, and fome upon the Apenins towards Spainc and France: the laft alio afwell as the ninth Clafin faith, he found in a Province of Spaine. The Time. They doe all flower about Inly, and their feede is ripe in Augttft. The Names. - I !t too ke the name of Perfoliata (for there is no ancient Greeke, or Latine author, hath written of it) from the "rowing of the (hikes through the leaves, yet fome have thought it to be the Cacaha of T>tofeondes, and foul would make it his firft Cotyledon, but neither of them agree* with it. Cafalptnw take* it to be his Sefclt 'sEthiopiam, which differeth much from thisiall the later writers doe generally call it, Perfolma and P'ffiha- utm , ^ Italians call it Perfoliata: the French P erfefueille, and the Germancs Burch wackfs and fothe .®*«* alfo: in Lr.nhfh Thoroughwaxe or Thoroughleafe; the fecond is exprefled by Camcrarmmhorto, as alfo the third from Gefner, who firft fet out the exadl figure thereof, being the firft Mountaine kinde here, and is the Perfoliata lonrifolia ‘Dalechampij in Lugdunenfs ,although it may fee me much to differ from it in mew : the fourth I take to be the Perfoliata altera of Lngdunenfis, whereof it is likely alfo Cameranw in horto , maketh mention under the name of Perfoliata w/W, and it may be Bauhinns remembreth it, under his Lat, folia minor : the, fift Taubtnw maketh his Perfoliata Alpina angnjlifolia major , and he maketh another like unto it, which he calleth Media , and thereunto relerreth the Perfoliata longifolta Dalechamphii of Lugdunenfis , when as I can node no other Perfoliata inhim; whereunto the montana is to be referred, but there is fo little difference betweene his major and' media. that I take them both for one; the greatneffe of the one from the other being likely to be caufed one- ly by the climate, and fo his mayor may as well agree unto that of Pahehavpm , as his media . the fix* alfo Tate. LI calleth Perfoliata Aipina anguftifolia minor ,and is very like the Baplenram Alp,num angujhfolmmfn forth in the former chapter, yet he give* a caution, that they fhould not make them both one: the feven* hee calleth minima but diftinguiftieth it from the Perfoliata mimmaTupler.nfoho of Colamna, which he faith alfo is 0 don. litis lutea of Luudtnenfis : but I cannot otherwife think then that his minimal} Colamna his mmma, alfo and hke- ly to be the Sefeli^thiopicum parvttm of C.efalpinm- the eighth is remembred onely by Va«him m1 his Pmax & Prodomus : the ninth is called Perfoliata ftliqmfa, 9 r Napifolta Anghrm.ft,epmfa by m-his Adverfarta and Obfervations, and as Tra m , Gefner, Camcrarm, Tahermoatanw and allot mod of the Herb.nfts at this tune doe: although divers other, from the colour of the leaves, and forme of the flowers and feede, would referre it to the wilde Coleworts, and thereupon call it Braffta campejlruffyheftn, & agrcflu) fihquofa or perfohata^ but 58a Chap. 55, r i he at mm hBotanicum. 6 R IB K 5 - : —--— _ ^_ ___________— --- j • Lobe! in his Adyerforia laith.it partaketh of the Navew.fand therefore calleth it.as is before faicTp^ L,, At ■ ? ni W‘met Creffes, as well as of the Throughwaxe.or Perfoliata Mwofaxhe lad C/»fm aifeth r??‘~ The Vert ties. Thoroughwaxe ishot and dry, and therefore of Angular good life with Chirurgions, for all forts of bruiles w wounds, either inward or outward, and old ulcersf-and fores jlikewife, if the decoftionof the herbe made wh£ I water or wine be drunke, and the places wafhed therewith or the mvee nr orffnp h.-u. i t j , Wl[ h ' either by it felfe, or with other herbes, ,n oyle or mSnto afoyntoS’ Setr W yeere: thedecodhon of the herbe, orthepowder of the dryed herbe taken inwardly o n H *1,- r 3 . : greene leaves bruifed, and applyed outwardly, is no lefle Angular and avaikatje to^ure runtutts^n^hnllL^ efpecially ill children, before it grow to be too old, thefucceffcftill aniwermn the mmmmJ*. bui ftings. , applyedalfo with a little flower and waxe, to childrens navels that tlicke forth doth heloe them S ~ lti ; conthlf yO.d'e^ Through waxc, is of the fame operation with the ocher, and worketh the^hke effedh^forhi^fe^ cond perfol.ato or miner hath long cods, which can be no other than this, although in Cameron, bone ; f hT - ftaken, and major Tragi,{ct tor minor, for fo Gefner in bortu hath it. > it be mi* ChSp. LV. Pimpinellafive Sangaijbrba. Burnet. fragekmdes.becaufe they are umbelliferous plants, Ifhallfpeake among the °h '' fT° F the ^ ax " order, and of thefe Burners in this place, whereof there is both greater and letter 8 an rf ° the . r , of th / c c oc difference; and although I have fet forth the common Burnet in my former booke’ vet he” b °? a It, onelyasan herbe for a Kitchen garden, and fpake very little 0 f the properties r’th “ aufe I*ere fpakeof here againe, and enlarge the vermes. icor me properties; I thought good to mention it I. PimpioeUovHlgoriifivemimr, Common Burnet . FimpineUa vulgar a five minor. Common Burnet. Z • P impineOa major •vulgaris. The ordinary great Burner. Tribe 'The Theater of "Plants* Chap^, 583 j edges, fet on each fide of a middle ribbe- among^trhich rife up crefted browne (hikes, two foots high or better with fome fmaller leaves, fet in (ome places thereon, divided into fundry branches, and at the toppes fmaU round loofe heads, or knaps upon long {oote (hikes, of a brownifh colour; from whence Hart forth fmall pur- plifh flowers, and after them cornered feede: the roote is fmall, long, and blackifli browne on the outfide,grow¬ ing do wnc deepe into the ground, with fome fibres thereat: the herbe hath a fine quicke fent and tafte, giving a delicate rclifh unto wine. 2, PimpinelU minor inodor a. Vnfavory Burnet. This unfavory Burnet is in all things like the former, but that the leaves of this are not fo round.but fomethine longer, and have neither fent or tafte in them to commend it like the other. 5. Pimpinellamajorfivefylveflris. Great or wilde Burnet. The great wilde Burnet hath fuch like winged leaves rifing from the rootes, but nothing fo many, and each of thefc leaves on the wings, are twife as large at the lead, as the other; and nicked in the fame manner about the edges, of a grayifh colour on the underfide : the ftalkes arc greater and rife higher, with many fuch like leaves fet thereon, & greater knaps or heads at the tops,of a brownifh greene co¬ lour, and out of them come fmall darke purple flowers.like the former, but greater: the roote alio is blacke and long like the : other, but greater; this hath in a manner neither fent or tafle 1 therein, like the common fmall, or garden kinde. Pimpinella maxim* Americana. Great Burnet of America. This great Burnet is in all the parts thereof like the lad, but much greater, having oftentimes all the leaves, which are of a | blewiih greene on the upperfidc, and folded halfe way toge¬ ther inward, the underfide of the leaves, which are grayifh, J {hewing themfelves upward,nicked fomewhat deepely about j the edges, with greater dents, which make them fhew the \ more comely,and gracefully : the toppes of the ftalkes carry fmallei, and much longer, whitifh greene fpiked heads, fet I thicke with knaps, each whereof when it flowreth (beginning below and fo rifing higher) (he weth to be foure whitifh greene leaves, having many {mail white long threds in the middle : after which come the feede in the fame places, being cornered j like the other : the roote is much greater and wooddy, longer | alfo and blacker than the laft: this hath little fent, but in tafte is fome what like the firft, yet nothing fo aromaticall. The Place. The firft groweth wilde in divers places of this Land, in dry fandy places, but is ufually prelerved in gardens, to be ready at hand, when it (hall neede to be ufed: the fecond was found in Spain?, as Bauhinut faiththe third is found in divers Coun¬ tries of this Land, cfpccially in Huntington and Northampton {hires, in the Meddowes there, as alfo neere London both by PancrM Church, intwoor three fields nigh unto Boobies barne, as alio by a caufie fide in the middle of a field by ’Paddington i the laft was brought out of the North parts of Virginia , where it is naturall. The T me. ' All thefe flower about the end of lme, and beginning of July, and their feede is ripe in Angufi. The Names. The Greeke word mumtte or as gtfner hath it ■mpemviKt Pimpinella, is onely found in Hjcolaus Mjprepfus , and is thought by divers to beunderftoodcof thishearbe, (for it isnotknowne to be mentioned bythat name,in any of the old writers : but divers by good judgement doereferre it to the Sideritis feertnda of Dio[corides, whercunto it anfwereth fully, both in forme and qualities, fo that we neede not any further to doubt thereof,and the rather, becaule as it is fayd at this day, this herbe is called Sideritit by the Greekes, in the Ifland Chio t or Sio, divers alfo teferre his Sideritis unto the other kmdes of Pimpine/la t that arc umbelliferous, for there is fuch a confufion among many of the later writers, that it is hard to underftand,which of thefe two kindes they meane whereof they write -.Hefner inhortis German: mention of Pimpinella minor fativa Lvis, to be of the lame kind with the other fylvefiris, or wilde fort,& as he faith,not differing from it,but in the manuring,which his Pim¬ pinella minor fylvefiris, is the Saxifrage kind as may be plainly perceived,by his own words followingifor he faith that that herbe which the Germanes call ufually Pimpinella is by other people called Saxifraga, and by the Italians Hircina, or Pimpinella hircina,znd yet Tauhintts maketh thisPimpine/la fativa lavis of Gefiner, to be Sanguiforba mi¬ nor Uvisp which isquite contrary to his mind as 1 tbink;and although by faying it is ufed in falters,he might feeme to underli and this Burnet kinde, which was wont often to be fo ufed, yet his words of Saxifraga Hircina, cannot he underftood of this Burnet ,but of the other Saxifraga umbellifiera:the like doubt and difference there is concer¬ ning thofe fcarletberrics.that grow upon the rootes of Pimpinella vulgarises Fragofus maketh mention, (.3. <1.15. which he taketh to be the Cocchenilla , for he there faith, that Cochenille is acertaine berry brought from Peru, which groweth upon certeine fmall plants, like unto P impinella vulgaris, untowhofe rootes it doth fticke, of the likeneffe of wilde Grapes, which fome take to be the true Coccognidmm, and others to be the Chermes of the Arabians, whichdiffereth from theCcccw , 5 «yWrn of the GVx riw; thus faith Fragofus- all which is utterly untrue. 4. PmtmcJa wasitna ate ericana. Great Burnet of America* 5§4 A p *5^ : Theatrtim 'TBotanicum . T r i b e. untrue, for Cechenille is neither the berry of any Pimpinel/a, nor T§ it the true Cocco&mdium, nor doth the Cherme, of th e Arabians differ from the Coccus Baphka of the Grecians, as fhall be (hewed in due place, but Oviedm tru u faith that Cocnoit/fr groweth like berries on the underfide of the leaves of a tree in the Well: Indies called Timet or bv others 7 *»*,which tree we call ficus Judies,. Now whether of the two kinds of Pimpine/U is meant this or that is not exprefled, forfome referre it to one and fomc to the other Some as it fhould feeme call gPimpinella Pampmula, and Peponella, but I rather referre all thefe names to the Saxifrage kindes: it is called SertufiregJ and 'sanguiuttria alfo of divers, but mod ulually Sanguiforbst, quod fiauguiueos flu.vus fifl.it and it may be Bipinella or Bipenula,afoliorum binis ordmibu, pematimfive p/umatim digefti ,: the Italians call it Pimpine/U or SorbatirelU the French Psmpinelle, the germane, Hergots hertlin (id eft, Dei Barhula) Blutkrttut, and Meeelkram becaufe the country people as Tragus faith,give it to their Hennes,and (Seefe when they have the Pippe, to cure' them of it; we doe in all places lthinke in England call it Burnet: but many of our ignorant Apothecaries doe fbatne- f ully miltake this herbe, inufing Pimpernel! in their Syrupe of Dealthea, and in other their medecines inflead thereof, from the neareneffe of the Latine and Englilh name!, of fPimpine/U and Pimpernell, taking them to bee both one : it may be referred alfo as it is thought to that hetbe which in T’erfis is called Sifitieptcri.f as /V,*,faith in his 24. Bookeandp. Chap, became it cauleth mirth, and ‘Dienifunymphas, becaufe it doth wondroufiv well agree with wine. The firfl iscalled PimpinelU Stmguiforba, to dillinguifh it from the other PimpinelU Saxi p-aga, and PimpinelU minor and herteup , to dillinguifh it from the other Sanguiforbd, which is called major and fylvejiru ; Anguitara, GuilandinutfiTragsu ^nd Colnnmt, call it fecmtdaDie/ceridi,, and lo doe others fince them : they alfo call it PimpinelU Jtalicsi, and is the firff of Tragu r by thatname, for the third is his ‘PimpinelU Julies,major, and fo f/a/iw calleth it alfo: others call kPimpinella five ftmgmforba major, and Columns, Sideriti 1 ‘Dsofcoridit major. Thefecond Btmhinu, onely mentioneth, and the i alt is not remembred by any writer be¬ foreme, although Lohel may feeme in his Advcrfeiria to point at this, where he faith, that the great wilde kind hath fometimes leaves as great as Betony,as this hath, but yet is not this, being a differing kind,as bv the heads nf flowers may well be knowne. 1 “ Both the greater and the leffer Burnet are accounted to be of one property, but the leffer, becaufe it is Quicker and more aroinaticall, is more effeftuall being both hot and dry in the fecond degree, efpecially the leffer fZr fome fay it is cold in thefecond degree) which is a friend to the Heart, Liver, and other the principal! nans of a mans body; two or three of the ftalkes with leaves put into a cup of wine, efpecially Claret, as all know oive a wonderfull fine rellifh to it, and befides is a great meanes to quicken the fpirits, retrefh the heart and make ir merry, driving away melancholly : it is a fpeciall helpe to defend the heart from noyfome vapours and from rho infeSion of the Plague or Pelf ilcnce, and all other contagious difeafes, for which purpofeit is of orearefK-fl the juice thereof being taken in fome drinke, and they either layd to fweate thereupon, or wrapped and kenr very warme They have a drying and aflringent quality alfo,whereby they are available in all manner of fluve. of blood.or humours, to flench bleeding inward or outward, laskes or Scowrings, the Blooddy fl ix wo too aboundant courfes, and the whites alfo, and the chollericke belchings, and caftiiws of the ftomake and " alfo a lingular good Woundherbe, for all forts of wounds, bothofthe head and bod'y, either in ward’or mr ward, for all old Vlcer;, or running Cancers and moyft fores, whichare of-hard curation, to bee ufed evther hv the juice or decoftion of the herbe, or by the pouder of the herbe or roote, or the water of the dialled h7rh/ or elfe made into oyle, or oynttnent by it felfe, or with other things to be kept: the feede alfo is no leffe effertu ’ all, both to (lay fluxes and to dry up moyft fores, to be taken in pouder inwardly in fleeled water or wine is wherein hot gadds of fteele have beene quenched, or the pouder of the feede mixed with their ovntrnents or injections. - “-mencs. Chap. LVI. Sideritii five Ferrumintttrix, Iron wort. I Aving in the lafi Chapter (hewed you that Burnet is the fecond Sideriti, of Diofcoridcs I t l,i n ke it not amiffe to entreats next thereunto, of fome other herbes called Sideritidet, as being referred bv l ^ a c 7 h a e U r C c h a °[* r Unt0 th£ hrl1 kmdc ° f Dw fi° rid "’ having the third fort to bee fpoken of in another ’ ...... , I- Sideriti, prma Herb* Iudaiest. lewes Ironwort. This fitft is a fmalUow herbe, neither wholly (landing uptight, nor wholly leaning downe to the ground,but hath divers weake,rough,hoarie fquare ftalkes not much above a foote high,full of joynts,at the feve- ralldiftances whereof, grow two fmall leaves fomewhat long, rougher as it were crumpled,hard and hairy, not hyfe fo broad as Horehound leaves, dented about the edges, ftnelling and raffing fomewhat ffrong, which fpread abroad into divers branches, the upper parts whereof are replenilhed, with many rough fmall wharles ?m P M Ti! P n'^ gjpmg flowers, with hoary leaves at the joynts under them alfo; where after they are paft.come lmall blackifh feede, contained in thofehuskes, wherein the flowers ftoode before: the roote is fmall and 4ood- ay, yet living ana mooting forth a new every fpring. 2. Sideritiiparvafrocumbeyjs. Small lewes Ifonwort in the live 3 ! 1 Wf ‘ S fom , eW . hat like * e , fo ™ er in the hairy fquare branches, but more trayling or leaning, and ffaXomram„a rh 0m r’m' at larger - a hnle hairy, and dented from the middle of them forwards: the flowers Hand comparing the ftalkes at certaine diffances as the others doe : the roote is lmall and perifheth every yeare 3 - Sider, tit altera psirvaClufij. Another fmall lewes Ironwort. This other fmall Ironwort hath the middle ftalke upright fomewhat hairy and fquare, fpreading into many imaller branches, even from thebottome upwards, which in a manner lye on the ground, with two fuch like iTe member h^ at ^ : little or nothing dented at all; the flowers are white,without fpots.as fatre as v rcmemper,Qut gaping in like manner: the roote of this like wi ie perifheth every yeare 4 * Sideriti* The ‘Theater ofTlants, r R I B'S • *Js i. Sidcritis prina Herba ludtica. Iewes Ironwort. Chap. 56. 585 - • Sideritis paw a procumbent* Small Iewes Ironworr. 4. S iderliis vulgaris Clufij. The CjermAns Ironwort. This Ironwort that is moft common in ^ermanj/y as Clufim faith, groweth greater and higher then the other, with larger, hairy, rough, pointed leaves, fet by couples one againft ano¬ ther, at the joynts of the fquare hairy ftalkes, dented about the edges, but fet at farther diftances; which branching them- felves forth, are fet from the middle upwards, with many wharles of gaping white flowers at the joynts with the leaves, fpotted with blood red lpots in the upper part of them, ending in a long fpike, the feede that followeth is fmall, uneven and blacke, contained in five fquare heads; the roote is white and wooddy,(hooting new ftalkes every yeare. 5. Sideritis Monfpelienfis Lobelt]* Small Ironwort of Mompelier . The fmall Ironwort of Mompelier rifeth fcarfe to a footc ^ heigh, 58 , , , . Seri*, for others to receive good alfo thereby, which elfe might have limfelfe therewith of a cut with a Sithe in his Legge.. It growethup fometimes to three or foure tootc: he g , lut ufually about two foote, with fquare greene rough flalkes but {lender,joynted fpnac \ dine in s wo very long and fomewhat narrow darke greene leaves, bluntly dented about the edg s , s> 11 . Sideritit Heaeru't folio. lronworc with Alehoofe leaves. ,;. sideriiis Aug ica [homofaradiec- Ciownes Woundwort. long 5§8 C H A P.^6, 1 Theatrum Botanicum . aKXp!*hat-in^long t'dZch”^^ !cavcs >^dcnc , r . ■', lin or wni[:i i^ colour: yetat lome times nfrhf* vp- are not feene m the plant; the whole plant linelleth fomewhac flrunjy ' 7 be 'Place, 01 ' Td “ La 0 n U d ntainCS ' yW f ° mc are "»-' jrj”V. b S. , i!f,?" b .?i es . ,n th , e ?f lds g. oin g to chd fij and Knfinjrtm, bv HacbtTj ware *"**, by the path (ides in the fields going to'chelCrt'vniKe rT"A ^ Lmd ’ as ™'**&*'u ware a place called the CMa„dl m c: i„ l" VI "’* towncin th e veryfW, Tk«,, n n . TheTime. 1 *' igh They all flower in ltme and Inly, and their feede is ripefoone after. . The Names. Jhttlveie‘ W d Un ' d!in4d £- by ^ f w ° rd ^ercof£^^ j “ and ' ! fwho have mentioned divers forts. The firft tohere evl^J -° f ^ ln La tme alfo arilis, to be the right Sidentisprima. or Hcrculca c Diofcorid™ Gr d F! . ^ re e< ^ ,s thought by mod Her- z: y thc f F , r T h fort is n this Claflis.and many other might be ca led *-« , d T : f ot herwife all the herbes for thatpurpole :) It is alfocalledM;/, ^ W “> Wound! thatexercifed Phyficke and Chirurgerie like the CharlernnA and M * 1 ■ . by divers, bccaufe the Iewes in Germany had this herbe in much ufe with them • the lecondand third' of a ”^ es , ln rt ~ and the Quackfalvers harforler ourth lsthe hrl\ofC/uf m , which he calleth «/»»», becaufeif was'lariTl! ^ f ° Urt 5 and fift of ZX j TT T 3 W1 5 S T° n § 11 thcm 1 lle « called by Label and moft ftmi - . strand In his floribrnlmei, dFd In their Adverfaria, Sided,i, T‘j “ IS alto th , c fift Sideriti,herbariarnm of Tabermar.u-L,, which Banhmm TTc />«. ^tTZT ■ the fixt is callcd b V Label and Si^r/r* and i he fr' n birfnti, fro. faofrafc™» to , MW b,ch calleth Si*r, 7 » At pin* Vcadfolfl-rtlr °u Cl ^' m ' and the Sder,t„ montana parvo flare r.igro pnrpnreo: the. c \oht is the flxt S idjni. n ^ f£ 7 - C1 ? tb ls by Columna called Vienna, as his firft and my fourth is alio Theninfh is by Banking fo *'- ,,ch . liee , faith « familiar at Znfdmen/lslo called, and Baubimu followeth him, and withall faith thi r ff h vl" ™ e ‘ tIle Kncbis by £* S arden ’ by the name of Britt Mica : the eleventh is of mine ownc enrte,J h lanc he S a( bered in pi it in my garden, where it hath continued ever fince : the WclfthThvB k fi ? d ‘c g '^ilde, and plantin* Prodrome which he had from S^rr. of Heidelberg, the tfeeelhT; ^ T? I'* f ° nh in his ^-and anfr’/T 0 Atonic alfo ca'led it 7rtrafor Mpflifeliiem .- C*mer«rh,< calkthlr's b y £ “?*<- and 7 Wi«r, another congener co his firft • Ceftlpinm Sidenti, «IU v i„ ( ?7?h S,dmtIi " flore rubra purpurea, mdWffl* buleririetrverfumpvSlif,alia rubra. Thefonreteen't ZfdTT^’f Gale *flora iaith, Jthou g _h_d>fe/ t hi n kethitybeakind 0 fC«,.SK a d l CVatthiol,, Marrnbum Pamm-.cnm : it is the SidrnVi, «/rc M of Cs/i/,Z the c W ^ « t0 be C,K fl"> his 7 /T m ’ r the U “ rm ” fiS ^ CicS a ‘ ,era of TkalimA ct downe by Gera^rlb'" arm "F flora pallida of Ca- Ayjr«m german,e»m ; and called by Hanhian S ideritU «rverfi s L,folia ‘llf e 7 r t r“ ,undf:r nttneof 7 m c r'’/ rol ? aCO ? n ' ryhusbandmans cntcofhi S owne Leg there'wi h *? called b 7 a field of Pejfe; but why he fliould call it Par,ax in Latine, bein^ not an herh^f^ h f, CUtmowi,, S d °wue hnowre Partax in formed know not, unleffe Q mcquidin bnccam venerit he rnn^ h d, [ e ?'“- nor ,lkc unto any for in my judgement it is a d.ft ring S iderliU frmn any before.and therefore A ^ hat Wh .‘ cI ? Came next t0 haind, caflrumefa radece, for the caufes let downe in the defeription. It m'vfeeme PA” “ tilC tit!c %iderh ” A "- was not one y knowne to divers of onr moderne writers but called alfo k / r tG many that th,s b crte fiippoled to be Thalittihis firft Sideritji, which he termc.h fundr f , ot them, font is Cefam, Cefaer himfelfecalling \tBetanicafaetida & Herbi Iudair * l mod ° r ‘ < >C«”’*ranm his Stack,, paiujln, or Tetrakihhn vvasmofl common amongft them, and with LnaduaJhCb Undtr(landin g the reby the Sided,i, doubt thereof! firfl in that the leaves of 1 theirs are T™ ’ hw 1 tt»ndin&me purple,and ours are very red, fpotted with white : their rootes likewife t tbat tbe bowers arc fayd to bee pale knobbes at them except Thai,,*. The Arabians call th?sSifcfa-ZSf c d ^ n . b . ed I . t0 ba - a «y tuberous French in ioine places as I heare, L’herbe Carpentaire the Germ »•,. d-dt cral ^ Sidrachi, the Italians Siderite.ihc Enghfli after the Dutch name’, GUdcworfof fome, andTro nw ^f*"* “ d wee in anamCjUnlefleyouwillthcclownetoitas^rWcJoth. ^ or W° lin dwort is too gene- The Vertues. “«w„, n , r „ w , ri „„„ thefirftandthe fomh b,i„ 5ral H„ , imt , ^fi**!** ffl"*;.<>», fcfar.h, ,nd ,b, !,«, kl>kkkl».ffcl_* i ,,d,.fiS™'S f rt «fc Cor the d.Lltc ,r;d tied «d.,b»,» 8 „,„d„ B d„ft S „d hftd^. „d „!d,„«,K and Tbibb . 5, 'The 'Theater of'Plants, Ihap.57. 589 indmoyll, and but a little bending,) it not onely preferveth tliol'e parts, but is admirable good for allgreene wounds, today the bleeding ,and to heale and clofe up their lippes quickely without fuppuration, as well as to dry up the tnoyfiure andfluxe of hdmors in old fretting ulcers, and cancres, that hindreth their healing; and herein as it feemeth, it hath his name Heraclee, by priviledgeof excellency, as an Hercules or maftertamer of :he flrong: and if there be any inflammation about the parts, by the application of tie herbe, juyee or decofHon, it is foone taken away. Thelaftby Gerardbis tellimony of che ufe thereof is lingular effeduall infrefh Wounds, >nd can be no Ieffe available in the flaying of blood and humors than the others. Cb a p. IVI I- tAlyfium. Madwort. His name Aljjfum is diverfly confounded, both by the anciedhui moderne writers,being referred to divers hcrbes,for‘I | i»/ci’rid« hath one fort, and Galen an6|(jMhd pliny a third, each differing from others, as it is thought, andhatha kinde of TWKi, for the oAlyftum of Dio/corides , ^ and others as Label faith,the Bugula or Confolida media, Rue/lii:i a kinde of wilde or Ballard Hempe, Cefit/piiM taketh that kind of Horehound, that iscalled Cardiac* Motherwort, to be Aljjfuta Caleni, and Fracafiorhs our ordinary Clary, Cjefner andothers take ASferuL r,or fome other fmaller Madder to be Pliny his Cifalpirms Cruciata: but be-caufe they are all improperly applyed,l meane not here to entreate of any of them in this place; but of other plants, that this later age hath found out, molt neerely to reprefent the two forts of ‘Dioftmdes and Galen, their Aljpsm. 1. Alyjfum niofeoridis. The Madwort of ‘Diofcorides, The Madwort of ‘Viofcorides, hath many hoary, hard, and rough leaves, lying on the ground, fomewhat broad androundjforthefirffyeareof their fpringing,but the next ycere when the ftalke beginneth toarife, they grow then on both greater and longer, and fomewhat tome in on the edges, in fome places, which ftalke is hoary about a cubitc high, and fpreadeth into two or three branches, at the toppes whereof come divers pale yellow, and very fmall flowers (landing one above another feverally, on both fides of the ftalkes, which turne into fomewhat , large and round, fiat, tliinne, hoary, hard, rough huskes, rcfembling little bucklers; or rather moll like theyel- c low huskes with feede, of the Lunuria major, or Bolbonacb, which is the white Sattin, but that thefe are fmaller, i rougher, and harder, and wherein lye fmall flatreddifhfeedes, in a double order on both (ides of the thinne : middle skinne, which in this is not white, like that of the fattin, but elfe very like : theroote is fmall and wood-, ■ dy, dying every yeare, after it hath given feede, and leldome perifheth the firfl yeere, before itrunneup to I ftalke. 1. JtyJfumTftefcoridu. Madwort of Divfioridei, movtamm Column a. Madwort of Columa. v 1 ! i« 59 ° Ch AP ■ 57 ‘ Theatrum ' Botanicum. I a i b E.5. 4- -dlyjpiJn Galeni Cltifio. Gilenhis M ad wort according toClufius. 3 . Atyjfum alieriim Diofcoridi, minus. The leflcr Madwort of Diofcorides. This lefler Madworc hath divers long leaves, lying on the ground, a little waved on the edges,' of a pale or blewilh grecne colour, about three inches long and one broad, rouoh and hayrie, but foftcr than the former; from amoS» which rile (lender weakc rough (hikes, (carle able to (land up- r i§ b C parted into fundry branches, whereon grow the leaves by couples, one oppolite to another, fmallerbut not lclTe hay¬ rie, and rough than the former, the flowers fir ft beginne to breake forth at the toppes, and afterwards on the (ides or wmges, which are many let together in tufts, confiding of foure white leaves, notched in the middle, which maketh eve- ryleafefeemelikeahurt, with diveuyellowilh tbreds in the middle of them, and each Handing in a greene huske, the out- fide whereof have longer foote ftallSs than thofe more in¬ ward, and each flower larger than the inner ones, which being paft; there fucceede round feede veflels like bucklers, finaller than the former, hard and rough on the outfide, in which are contemed flat lcede, in foure round reddifh cells or partitions, divided by a certaine (lulling skinne, two feeue lying in each cell or partition : the roote is (mall and long, with divers fi¬ bres thereat, and abideth, (hooting iotthanew, more fharpe m tafte than the leaves, which are drying and aftringent. }. Alyjfum montmumColumna. Mountaine Madwortof Columna. This other Mad wort o( the Mountaines, hath a fmall thred- dy roote, from whence (pring up (mail and weakc round red¬ difh (hikes, lying upon the ground, (hooting forth rootes at the joynts, and rayfing themfelves up againe, the loweft leaves whereof are fmall and roundifii, not much bigger than ones naile, but thofe that grow up afterwards upon the ftalkes are greater, being two inches long, deepely dented about the edges, and very rough,covered with a long hairinefle, two for the mod part, fet at every joynt, with long foote ftalkes under 'them: at thefe joynts likewile on both fidescome forth three or foure blewifh flowers, each (landing upon a very l'mall hayrie footeftalke, having foure (mall greene leaves under them as ahuske wherein they (land, and wherein af- S r °w e th the feede veflels, which arc two, flat, ovall or round huskes like Bucklers, joyned at the fides ‘ e f ’ hayr J 3t c j} e , bnmm “>and contcining five or fixe yellow fiat feedes in each partition : the roote dyeth every yeere, and mull be new fovven, when any will have it. ^ 4 - Aljffum G*lcm Clujio, Galen his Madwort according to CluGiu. , B nX u- 5 M a ^ W ? rt K Galen is accounted a kinde of Horehound, and rifeth up with a fquare whitilh wool- branches from the very bottome, having two leaves at every joynt, lomewhat like unto viZJlZI ' d ’ b H UC V roun . der > =tnd mote hoary, (mailer at the bottome, broade at the ends, and fomewhatdi- ahn„rrb t ft e n, < l ge | S L^^‘thoutlent.buc bitter 111 tafte: at the joynts with the leaves come forth the flowers round . , ■ fialk l s llkc ll " t0 Hcohound, but of a purphlh colour,(landing in hoary huskes, with points very (harpe and pnddy, wherein after they are pad, lye red leede, hkcunto thofe.of Horehound : the roote isfmalland ftrtngie and abideth in the warme Countries, as it is probable after it bath perfeded the feede; for Clufius faith colder " “l rmc ln ’ haVl l S b ? th fl ° wcr L s and r ‘P c ' f«de thereon, but being fowne as he faith, in thefe colder Countries,it every yeere penlheth.and by the (eede which it (heddeth is renewed againe. 5. -veenattitHm falvU Crenaiii, Madwort with dented leaves. a toaHwooddy roote with fibres fet thereat, from whence rife fundry fquare ftalkes of a foote or r ° thc g round - ftt wtthleaves at fundry diflances,the loweft being larged, lomewhat like denre?"r d° U , 'V S n r ’ 7T 8 "T“n°?° fe of Germandcr > b «hoary,with a rough hayrinefle,and den ted not deepely about the edges, fane what like: Betony: at the joynts of the ftalkes where 8 the leaves grow hu^e P T r n S ’ rife (undry , whlt ‘ lla Pdtple flowers fet ,n wharles or roundles as Horehound hath, out of prickly tafte 3 b C ° nte -T I! 1 tb ™ bro wn.(h feede-: the whole herbe is in tafte aftringent, yetnot unpleafant tothe taltc, and having withall a little bittemefle, and fweetenefle withall in Tent. V TU c The‘Place. f he firft groweth in gardens both with ns, and in Italy, France, and the Low Countries, the orimnall filace fidSf"the W f , b°r/ n r' N S T Cth ab °“ 3nd the third u P on onc of the hils in Napless Column, eth hv he n Q h h r f r ° a i m urn p ! ace ,n ^* in ‘ and no where el(b : ^ lad Column, faith grow¬ th by the pathes fides of thc dry rockie hills m Naples, where there is fmall (lore of earth for it to 8 grovv TU fj Th e Time. ne e doe all flower about luly and Auguft, and the feede is ripe quickely after.' - . . j. The 'Names. by a mad^ i • 5 * C V ^ b f caufc ic cureth *ofc that are bitten .1 frltef fiy “S “ he 'P e r th the b 'ck°ck, would derive the name from Impulnre, There is fome doubt among many, whether thefe fhould be the right or true Atjffa of Dw/cv- rides Tribe y 'l be Theater of 'Plants* Chap, 58. 591. Tikes and qdcn\ [or as concerning the firft, they affirme, that it may more fitly be referred unto the forts of TbU- /pi, or of Lunaria Grxca , and therefore fome have called it Lunaria major, and Lunaria lute a, (afalpir.us Luna- ria Graca tertia, and Gefner Lunaria atfera ■ but Dodonaus, Clvjiui Camcranus, Lugdunenfis and Lobel doe all call it Alyffum and Alyjfos, & Label faith farther,there is no herbe co be found that better agreeth with Dtofcorides his Alyjfum in all things then this'firft doth. *>f.tius in his firft booke faith, that Alyjfum was called Siderins He. raclcaby fome in his time, that it grew by the way fides, and bore a purple flower, and thicke leaves (which is moft likely Cjalens Alyjfum) tome doe account it a kindeof Leucoium, and lo do both Columna and Bauhinw • the one calleth it Leucoium montanumlttnatum, for he laith that the Lcucoia and Thlafpi, be congeners , which I grant, but yet I thinke, that the Lycbnides be nearer congeners to the Leucoia , then the 1 hlasfies be , the other that is, Bauhinul calleth it Leucoium Alyjfoides clypeattim majw. The fecond is called by Cohipraa, Leucoium pel. tatum Romanian minus, who faith it is a congener to the Alyjfum of Dodonaus, which as I fay d is the firft here expreffed; and therefore Bauhinut calleth it, Leucoium Alyjfoides cly peat urn minus The third Column* calleth Alyjfum Diofcoridii montanum: but Bauhmw fetteth it among the Cbamadries, calling it Cbamndrtj- Jpuri'a affir.is rotundifolia fcutcllata, which in my judgement is very improper, and may be let downe among the reft: of his improper titles ; for unlcflc it bee the leaves in this plant that hath fome likenefi'e, and that is very little, there is no part therein elfe that can agree with any Chamadrys, eythcr vera or fpuria ; for whoever fa w a germander, with broad bucklerlike huskes of feede : the fourth is called ty Clujim Alyjfum Galcni, and laith hee never faw I any plant that came nearer to the difeription of Galcns Alyjfum then this doth, and that notwithftanding that hee £ had read what Columna had written thereof,in his puto/corider f to be all one with the Alyjfum Galeni ,and herein as it is likely confirmed, becaufe he found c y£.gin:ta and t^£tius (as I fayd before) to fay that (ome in his time called the Siderins Heraclea,Alyjfum ; yet the figure chat Columna fetteth out for it, is fo like (for I have not feene his plant if it differ from) the Herb a Judaic*, ttiat I thinke it the very fame, whereas ‘Diofccndes maketh his Sideritii to have longer leaves then Horehound, almoft as bigge as Sage, but fo is not his; j but the fameColumna in another place maketh the Alftne Veronica folijs to be Alyjfum aifo, Bauhinus entitulcth it, i Alyjfum vcTticlUatumfolijs crenatis, when as he called that of Clujius Alyjfum verticillatum folijs profunde incifis . The Vertues, Thefe Alyjfa oiDiofcorides and Galen, although they differ in forme one from another, yet they doe agree as I they fay in this, that being taken in wine, or in broth, or in meate, or howfoever, doth cure the venotne of the ! biting of a madde dogge^nd thoroughly performe the cure, which Galen faith in fexto Jimplicium med.camento- rum, it worketh from the likenefle of the whole fubftance, and was found fo to doe by plaine experience, with¬ out any other method, and that it would performe many other cures if any fhould try it, for thofedifeafes where the faculties of drying, digefting and moderately clenling, which arc in this herbe are required; and therefore both Dio/corides and Galen d oe fay of each of their plants, that they clenfe the skinne from wheaks and pimples, from fpots and other dilcolourings, as the morphew* funburning,&c. Diofcortdes faith that his Alyjfum, taken in drinkeftayeth the hickockc if there be no ague, and that it will doc fo alfo, if any fhall but hold it in their hand or fmell unto it :They are alfo effe&uall for wounds, either inward or outward, co digeft the clotted blood that is gathered by any fall, blow,or bruife,and to clenfe and heale old rotten and filthy Vleers, or creeping Can¬ cers. And becaufe Diofcorides faith it is an Amulet to expell charmfcs, that fhall be ufed upon man orbeaft, and that tycd with a fcarlet cloth to cattell that are difeafed, it hclpeth them ; therefore divers in the ages fince, have eeked this tale with the reports of farre greater things,which becaufe they are not onely idle but prophane, 1 lift not to infert them here : for from the forme of the feedc vcfTells of the firft here expreffed, which is that of Diofcorides, a31 fayd divers called it Lunaria , Moonewort, and went beyond the Moone in exprefling the pro¬ perties ; and therefore I thinke had neede themfelves to be cured of their madncfie herewith. Chap. LVlIt T Ira aria Jive Regina prati, Medowfweete or Medefweete. F this herbe there are two forts, the one familiar to our countrey, the other a ftfanger to us,and onely entertained of a few,and thofe the lovers of rare Plants. 1. VImaria vulgaris . Common Mede or Meddowfweete. The (hikes of this Medefweetfc are reddifli and eafie to breake, rifing to be three foote high, and fometimes to be foiire or five, having at the joynts thereof large winged leaves, ftanding one above another at diftances, which are made of many fome what broad leaves, fet on each tide of a middle ribbe, being hard rough or rugged, crumpled much like to Elme leaves, whereof ic tooke the name, but having alfo fome fmaller leaves with them, even as Agrimony hath, fomewhat deepely dented about the edges, of a fad greene colour on the upperfide,and grayifh underneath; of a pretty fharpe fegt and tafte, ve¬ ry like unto Burner, and will no leflfc give a fine rellifh to a cup of Clarec wine if a leafe be put therein then Burnet ; at the toppes of the ftalkes and branches ftand many tufts of fmall white flowers thruft thicke together, which fmell much fweeter then the leaves; and in their places being fallen, come croked and cornered feedc; the roote is fomewhat wooddy and blackifh on the outfide, and brownilli within, with divers greater firings and lefier fibres fet thereat, of a ftrong fent, but nothing fo pleafant as the flowers or leaves, and perifheth noc but abideth many yeares,fhooting forth a new every fpring 2. Vlmariamajor five altera. The greater Medefweete. This Medefweete groweth higher then the former,with longer winged leaves fet one above another upon the Hee z crefted t 59 2 CHAP. 85 . Theatrum c Botanicum. R I B E.c I. Vlamia vulgaris. Common Medcfrecete. 2. V inter ia major five altera. The greater Malcfvvcece. brown ! n ’ ftalk f > havin g lon S footeflalkes upon them.each being divided ufually into three parts,thc two ca7h LTth?nt an h r ; 7 eve T P art a Jfo contifting ofthree or five itnailer leaves then the other, feparate “ ™ hc ° ther - be,n e hard crumpled and finely dented about the edge,: at the tops of the Bailees grow the white li e hef P Tf 7 y 7 n0t °,r' lcke “gather, turning ne their heads which ate white like the former, and fmelhng very fwcete alio, more nearely refcmbling a Goats beard, whereof (omc have gtven it the name then the other : the roote is more wooddy, with many blackifh ftr,n°s whkh In'tbefpring^ n< ^Somewhat harfhly : the ltalkes and leaves dye wholly downe every yeare, and rile Tgaine The TUce. The Time, The Names, They are not (round mentioned by any of the ancient Greckes, or Latines, onelv lome thinke itrnav hee re ferred to R«U* of Ply. It is called by the later writers Vlmar,*, afi/,o r „ m vimi fim,.litudhe, of tl/likeneffe ofE me leaves of DodorsausRepyprats, a ,,d Barba, m dT*ri„U Capra, or Barba Capr.ua 0 7 ra m , and by him thought alfo that it might be Bscnocomers of Dsofiorides, as Gefaer in benis an d Lmknu doe. F$Mm calleth Wte 4 7 r '’eas/1 r /T - II fr0tnthe word Medefuf, that is.Meddow- „ S °7, ^ ? ‘ T£ 7 ’ t0 ° ke the lat , er /° b ‘ Melmdrium Pl,„ j, a „d f omc alfo J caU it DrJmtipe .„ . fl{ fafih rl / them ,f "yfbyjor pr Im a ndfecyda, and Thai™ the greater fort Arpnina major, AnjuUJ th = 1 ! ahm ca " the Trench call it B«rt,ede Chemsre, and Rohr Is press, the GcrLr.es u/found'llir greater ^‘ f 'f C ’ c f hMt -, and Camerarm, faith IVormkrasu, becaufeas he faith the roote isof- Woraes^ndfnheTiSrt' ,byWormeS; but‘t is more likely for that it helpeth horlcs of the Eottes, and cZlt’ds t J ^ / a M 7i C ° UnCrCy ^°5 I i eUfe r d ' t: xhe ? u “ h **«». and as Label faith Ghopcnbladt, and Lamecrusd,, m Sml,[h Medelweete or Meddowfwcete.and Queene of the fields or V.eddowes. 7 p . .. Thepertues, Being neare a little in tafle and fmell with Burnet, they are molt likely to bee neare of the fame facultie vet ^TinmanTr'of^more hot and dry, they areallo ufedm the fame man,lerand for the fame purpofes, to itaj all manner of fluxes, bleedings,and vomitings.and womenscourfes, as alfo their whites • it is fayd to alter fome the lewes-itfclMth rifof* 3 77 hea , rt ’ for whicb P“rpof= feme ufc the flowers & tome the leaves.it helpeth alfo fpeedily thofe that arc troubled with the Collieke^eing boyled in wine and with a little Tr IB £.5. The Theater of TLints. Chap.59. 593 little honey taken warme, it doth open the belly; but boyled m red wine and drunke, it ftayeth the flux of the belly &c it helpeth the Bottcs in horles as you heard before ; being outwardly applyed it healeth old V lcers.that are cancrou-or eating,and hollow or fiftulous.which many have uled and much commended;as alio forthefores in the month and ferret parts-.the leaves when they arefulhgrorVne being layd upon the skinr.e.will alter a (mall time raile bliflcrs thereon as Tmgm faith : the water thereof helpeth the heatc and inflammation in the eyesithe fe'-de as Camernrim faith being taken .caufeth paines in the head; and becaule bothflowers and herbes are of t fo nleafiiw a fweete lent,many doe much delight therein,to have it layd in their Chambers,Parlars,&c.and Queene SI Zjftbtrth of famous memory,did more delire it then any other fweet herbe to drew her Chambe s withall: a leate or two hereof layd in a cup of wine,will give as quick and as fine a rellifh thereco.as Burnet will,as 1 iayd before. Chip, I. IX. Fotcnt'iUa. Wilde Tanfeji. .•vjne-n,! Ilde Tanfey crcepeth upon the ground, taking route at the foynts, every where round abode 'Pyfy 1 i --.i_„.Ann»rli t-har ir. will nilirUlv f.ikp nn n ort’ar minnaflp. fl-tonr-inor f/vrt-I-i wii IldeTantey crcepetn upon rue giumiu, « “»■ ivj'.o, "i.c.e iuwu «it BVAVOOWW) t i ie p i 5ce where it groweth, that it will quickly take up a great compafle, fhooting forth &Wfc//4 fundty winged leaves made of many, let on both (ides of a middle ribbe.fome (mailer, being fet P'ife among the greater, fomewhat like unto 4 pw«»;orMedefwectc, and likealio unto Tanfey, from w hence it tooke the name; for it partaketh in forme with them all, and denied about the edges. igm u Fotouiia. VV'Uc Tandy. _ & & \k. but of a faire greene colour on the upper fide, and of a hi-, ver fhining white colour underneath : it beareth no • alk, but the flowers every one of them by it felfe ft and upona fmall fhort footeftalke, rifing from the j'oynts with the leaves, which confift of five fmall yellow round pointed leaves, very like unto thole of Cinkefoilc, or Five leaved grafle : the prime roote fhooteth downeward like the Cinkefoile. . The Place. If groweth almoft every where vvilde abroad in meft places* TheTime. It flow reth in June and Inly. The Names, It is called PotentiHa ah exirmjs viribus qttibui pallet y and Argentina a foliomm argenteo Jplendore, fome take it to bee Stephanomchs of Pliny , lib, 26. c. 13. others referre it to Argemone : It is alfo called Tanacetum/ylvfftrc, or a £ re ft e 2 as TZrunfalfiws doth. Tabcrmontanui callcth it Anferina , Gefner in hortis Germanist Argemone altera : and fo doth Tragus y and withall faith, it might be called alfo Millifo- lium majuf, and fome Agrimoniajyivejlritf. the Italians call it PotentUla , the French Argentine fauuage y the Germanes Cjrenfich and Gcnferich, the Dutch Ganferuke , wee in lipj Silverweedc,and wilde Tanfey. T he p ertues. Wilde Tanfey, is cold, and dry, and binding Withall, fo that it ftayeth the laske,and all fluxes of blood in men or women, and fome fay it will doc fo if the greene herbs be but worne in the fhoocs, fo as it be next the skinne, it ftayeth alfo fpittings or vomitings of blood; the powder of the dryed herbe taken in lome of the diftilled water, fa helpeth the whites in women, but more efpecially if a little Coralland Ivory in powder be put to it: it is alio much commended tohelpe children that are burden, and have a Rupture .-being boyled in water and fait; it is alfo '• ... r .y , , , ... faid to be good for thofe that have bin bruifed by any fall,or the like,to difiblve the blood, & as .it is laid doth help ro break the done- being boyled in wine anddrunke, it eafeth the griping paines oftthcbowels, and ls.goodfor the Sciatica and Joynt aches: the fame boyled in Vinegar with Hony and Allome & gargled in the mouth ealeth the paines of the toothach, faftnethloofe teeth,, and the gums that are fore and ippngic, and fetleth the Vvttla or Pallareofthe mouth when it is fallen downe; it elenfeth and healeth thole V leers that are therein, or 111 the lecrec parts, and is Angular good alfo for inward wounds, and to confoiidate or elofe the lips of greene wounds, as alfo to heale the old'moyft and corrupt running fores, in the legges or elfcwhere : being bruifed and applyed ro the foies of the feete, and to the wrefts of the hands,it wonderfully cooleth the hot fits of Agues,be they never fo violent.‘the diftilled water elenfeth the skinne of alldifcolounngs therein,as morphew,£unbiiming,&c. as alfo pimples freckles and the like, and dropped into the eyes, or V/et cloathes applyed unto them, taketh away the heat and inflammations in them. ^94 Chap. 6 o, Tbeatrum Botanicum , rib E 5 . Chap. IX. Agrimonia. five Eupatorium. Agrimonie. M StfoXnwyou Agrim0nie/0mC ° f °“° WnCland> “ dW ° f0th " S > as * al1 ha ^them „ I. Enpatonumfive' Agrimonia vulgaris. Our common Agrimonie. Cur common Agrimonie hath divers long leaves Kt e foot high,with lmaller Ic .ves fee here and there thereomat the topwhereof grow manyfmall yeHowflower^n^ 1 above another in long of-3-and4.inches long a peecc, and hade an inch broad or Idle 0 f ZB 1 greene colour and foft.ful of branches from the middle at the leal! upwards and (mailer leaves on them , P -u' very many fmall moffie pale threds for flowers on every branch, out of fmall greene huskes or heads l '?•“!! w?! e leede almodinlenfible, is carried away with the wind, that one would thinkeir had no (cede ^ ! wh ch yet will fpnng very plentifully before winter of it owne (owing: the roote is a few hardforavt [ft ! imall fibres at them, and perifhingyeerely after it hath feeded. P ) ^ with > All C„ 7- Eupattrium ayuaticam dnorum generum. Water tyfgrimcmy of two forts. Although all the(e forts of Hempe-likc Agrimony doeufually grow by watery ditch Tides and thellk nfli places, yet becaufethey will alio grow well indifferent foifc.fi ch Je it not a miffe t7io™e them a« to”?' ' thcr, for the hkeneffeofname, forme, and qualities. Of this water Agrimony we have two Sorts of our C ? § ’ J-Jid, and another alfo outof America or New England, being in all other things very like one unto anorherT' 1 onelyin the placing or fetting of the leaves upon the ftalkes; which in one fort hath divers leaves (eunoo t* ' dhd h .d fi h gCrS n t i an han f a '^1 meeting together at thebottome, let by diftances at the flalkes, every one n J ' divided, but whole, yet dented about the edges, and in forme and greeneneffe like unto the leaves ofnf "Z P VZ f le ( ° n ”- r but (ofer • apd ^ ^e other, every leafe is fomewhat d,coded three oTfive uponaffalkc.twoata joym: the flowers are ycilowifli browne, made of many leaves like aftarre r a h h middle thrum, with greene heades under them, divers (landing together, thrufting for h from the* the leaves, and at the toppes of thebranches, whichturne into long flat rugged feede, which will flkke m ‘ H garment it toucheth: the roote is made of many blacke firings and fibres, encreafing much thTwhde n “ r 7 omewhat aromaticall fmelling (weete, and rafting fomewhat (harpe like Pepper, and fo doth the mom r“ We hwe another of this Iaft fort, brought us botaVirgmi ,, a „d New £^W, whofe meat hard Tolide hm ' *»• ft“ n t d ? al ^° f 3-4.andhve footc high, uwondetfull full of long branches from thlboton^e,fet withTovn. fpotterl red, on the younger greene ones, with large greene leaves on them, the lowed having ! Z and W Up u V n b v tbre = )' et ' ar § er than the former, as the flowers and feede is alfo, yet not roufh but fmnfh fl and blackifli: this hath no (harpeneffe of rafte in it. *> C taoth flat c . - The place. I he hrlt groweth m the borders of fieldes, by ditches and hedge fidcs throughout all the Land • rhe r. a ■ the foT t0 U d S ’ F 0WlnS With US one| y in chc d 3r dens of the cunous, but is namraU to Zly "L places both the former and this growing neere one to another,or not fan e diftantithe third Colnmna found liN.-pU Zj lent to Batihinw from many other parts of Jtalj Iikewife as he faith himftlfe • rhe fnnrth Zf a ' >and U as ecs that are wet, as the brinckes of ditches,ar,d water aaurfajand^nthe^phnd'grounds^ho'vvhereimvid'th^ 3 ' and endure as well sthe fife,fixe h.and lad came to us from New England VirZe ”th e wo foft^Fr^ '' ti j TbeTiim. ^ They doe all flower in My m dAug„fi, and the feede isfoonc ripe after, yet the lad American fl owr eth firftfinder do, fbewethithat this was an ei tour in his time, in midaking Argemmla, (o?AZmZZ Somt aRo^airt'^'' tor mm quomam hepati pr£Ciptte medetnr : becauib it is a rhiVfr* h-iL. ^ "t • * • - * ~° me aI *° call it Hepa- divers : fome other names^are alfo given untoR, 1 ^ ^Aarmore/la^ Co^ordtZlltna ^ CaPe , d dgrimonia ot Arabian, call h,Cafal,Cafel, m & Cafe/: the Italians.AarZZZZd r T” r T\ L * f ?‘ ‘j m Z*" and terraria. The Supamre. The Germane, odermch^A BruelmurtZ- the Dnuh AotZlny- IT ’t* m® 4 3nd raon Agrimony. All the Apothecaries of our Land efneciallvo/ r r ,nd . we,n J"i / f ^n^orcom- Agrimeh] as the mod affured Eupatonnm of Diofioridei- howfoever i ( n °' W 3 - a ' es ’ doeide C ' 1IS hindeof the feas, aid ufually rake the eJya.orium CaZZnmX 'Z ‘"l thC >' b r>°T d and either of ignorance not knowing the right, or efwilfulncdes in note 1 ■ for the true kmde, old errours, but our age hath reformed very § be withdraweeTrom their doubtbutby the diligent fcarch of divers forthetruth-both the light rharharl^rir^H 10 ^ nu ^ U P 1 J l an ^ no nefle that remaines may be expelled, which time mud as irlnrhdnrJi thath " (ci l [la ' h ?PP ear <;d, and the dark- natious wilfulneffe of many being the caufe that it is not wholly performed at ”<1 after him doemakethis£^rm* OTO f Dio/corides, t0 be thatof Avicon ,if„ l, j / g ‘, , “B 1 *’ becaufe he would not acknowledge the Ageratum of d ° C ° r" b ° th one ‘ J)odow,u felfe a ground, on the dangerous fhelfe of two hm ~ not differ, and the Enpatorium of Mefnes and Dio/corides bebothnne i, ‘ '■ ^'fues ind Aviccn, doe as we (hewedin the Chapter of them true; for much from this of ‘Diofioride, ■ fo doth that of Mefue, from that of AviT T °{ t 'c hlch di . ffer . et . 1 ' ous nowaday os, accounted robe the MEupatoriam Cannabimim, here fee downe and as'bef^e^f f'^ ,ud,C ‘' Susssssi teas si's t; r*i&^stfsssiss: ‘D.ofconAcs, the error,r thereof being now reformed, both their deferiptions and Ln } A Eupaionam of you, yet ISxt not without very (pedal! properties, as you (hall heare b/and by thffeco d “ cdled" A™ ni Uh BrT rAr ‘ h 'r’m d ZP at ° r "‘ m ' -*«■»«, Aoralm, & .aromatic,L by cita'SK"" callerh Tribe,. 5, The Theater of Thants* Chap. 61. 597 railed: it Cannabina aquaticajive Eupatorium mas. Gefner eupatorium aquaticum, dr Trifolium cervinum aqua- icum. 'Baptift*Sardits8 Chap. 6 1. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tri B B< Cannabis fativa. A Hempe. f r frgincn- jv mijor. the Palma Chriffi, Lupin and baftard Hdlcbor, every one fct upon a long foote ftalke, of a darke greene colour, and of a ftrong un- pleafing favour; the flowers are fmall, and of a whitifti yellow co- odr ’ ^n^'ng many together, upon a long branch, which turncin- to dull, and are carried away with the wind, not carrying any feede afterthem; which being the tenderer and weaker, ancf the ftalke hollow and not fo ftrong, maketh the finer ftuffe, to be fpunne and woven into linnen cloath, fit for mens bodies,or other the like nfes and is called of fome Sommer Hempe : but the other being (lron°er and called winter Hempe, becaule it is not gathered untill towlrd Winter,or at the leaflnot ofa moneth after the other, beareth feede in the lame manner, tha t the other bore flowers on long branches which is round and conteined in round heads: the rootes are made of many ftrong ftringes which take faft hold in the ground, but dye and perilh every yeare.-to fliew you the manner of fteeping, drvine- beating,and clenfing hereof,to be made into cloth or Cordage is not’ my purpofe, nor pertinent for this worke; befides that, it would take up too much roome and tune; it is familiarly known to cverv country hufwife ahnoft. * We have had from Virgin* a very great kinde of Hempe with r . greater ftalkes, and much larger leaves and flowers, which being broken down with the wmd.when it was ahnoft at the perfeflion hereafter 01 fU ' ly expreflc K as we would > and ast ™e may doe it The Place. Although Pliny hi. so.c. 23. faith that Hempe was formerly found Wilde, yet know we norm thefe dayes, where fuchmaybe found; for in all places of the world I thinke, it is onely fownc in neldes and places, chofen one for the purpofe. The Time. It is fo wne in the end of March, or beginning of April/, and is gathered ** ” Set “ mb "' as :he tw0 lorcs S row ri P" and fit to be The Names. Itis called in Grceke rj.vv*gt<, and fo Cannabis in Latine alfo, - from the Greeke word ranagoi, faith Lobel, ijHodfonticnlos (barfaf- ve fcaturigtnes fign.ficat, tjuo loci lubens jponte, dr /dta hncm-iet : the ** Arabians call it Canab. and Schehedenegi ; the Italians Canape : the Spaniards ^annumo ; the french Chan are, and Chaneve : the Germane: Zamer Ho« b y fying th« to kill the vvormes in man or bead, as alfo the woles Tn the ,earet ortfJT XT is §°°< forth any other living creature that hath crept therein ; and to (hew the ftre™ h if P fr ‘T 1 "’ ° r t0 dravv thiolus faith, that tlie decoflion thereof, powred into the holes of e^th,f g h h ?, K ? { for th ‘« purpofe, UMat. fiftiermen and anglers have ufed this feare to get wormes to bait! theft hoX/ W Th d T ‘a ”'“c'^ and thal fayd to allay inflammations in the head,or any other part.the herbe it felfe or rh ^nuiT 1310 " ° f the roo,e 1! performeth the like effeft; the fame decoflion of theXtcs, eafeth Ihe pafte of th Wat u 3 ^ eC orknotsof thejoynts.thepainesandihrinkingofthcfinewes.andother^hehlrr he S °f u ^ hard tumours MauhA’ f ? ra "yp lacethathat!lb «u= burnt by fire, if the freih/uyee be mixe^, C , h ' ? IpP “ : ,tls g 0 ° d Matthio/ur huh that Hempe feede, given to Hennes in the winter when thel nT ? h a lttle or butter ' laye more plentifully. rc * wnenth «y * a y feweftegges, will make thea Chap^ ’r IB E.5 Cannabis fjhejlris Jive fptiria. Here are two or three forts ofherbes,thar are accounted by divers for wilde or baftard Hempes, -: 1 y et are none of them the true Cannabisfjlvrftris of ‘Diafcmdes : 'Batthimts therefore in nor fo ac¬ counting of them,referreth them to the kinds of Nettles,as you fhall heare by and by. 1. CatmabU fpuriaprima. The firft baftard Hempe. This ballard Hempe rifeth up with a reafonable great hairy fquare Italke, not very ftrong nor _ upright, but as it were leaningdowne, with divers joynts bundling out like knees, and two ives fet at every of them.fomewhat long hairy and pointed, of a frefher greene colour then the manured empe.anddented about the edges: at the joynts likewife come forth divers branches joynted and fet with tves in the fame manner, where about towards the toppes grow divers hoodded and gaping flowers, like thofc the dead Nettle, but larger,and greater, of a pale purplifh colour, (landing in fmall greene prickly huskes; herein afterwards groweth the feede, being fmall and round, three or foure growing together: the rooteis rd and white,and fomewhat fpreading,but dying before winter. There is another hereof, whofe flower is of a perfeft white colour for the mod part, or a little pale whayifh, Flore ‘lit hich doth plair.cly exprefle the difference. a. Cannabisfpuriaaltera. The fecondbaflard Hempe. ' This other baftard Hempe differeth not in ftalke from the former, but the leaves are fhorter and rounder ; the iwers hereof are not fo great as they, the uppermeft part or hood whereof, is of a pale colour tending to yel- w, and the lower part of a deeper red or purple colour: the huskes of the flowers are fomewhat more prickly ien the ocher. 3. C annabU fptiria tertia. The third baftard Hr mpe. The third baftard hempe is in tbe growing much like the former, butthac the leaves at the j'oynts are feme* hat long and narrow, a little fadder and not dented about the edges in the mod; the flowers hereof are hoo- ed and gaping, but they are of a pale yellqwifh colour wholly, with a little or no (hadow or fpot therein, and and thicker about the j'oynts, whofe huskes have longer and (harper points then the reft. The Place . All thfc doe grow as well in moyft grounds as in dry, by ditch (ides, and by the path wayes, under walls,&c. ad feme of them will be found in gardens, to be continually pulled up as a weede, and unprofitable herbetyet ic fecond fort with a whice flower was found by the path wayes near cC/apham, and in the ditches by Red. ■ffe,OT Bother Hithe. x. Cannabis fpuria prima. Tbe firft baftard Hempe. 3 . Cannabisfluria tertia* The third baftard Hempe. j L HAP .63, Theatrum ‘Botanicum. Tr I B I. The Time. ** They flower for the mod part in Inly. The Names. w i5 c r C fi U - thC n c f* 2 a * es JP"™* nd fylvejtres- yet as I fay d before, Bauhinus doth call them t Vrtiu Utrn * T llcfi . rlt 11 ^ ki r C ‘” ,Mk «fy l 'v e firii,byTragui m ALHgimer,fi,, m dSpHriaalterabyLebeL by Taber TltTr C rr r^' * nihy rVnicaaculeatafcliysferrati,, thefecondis the Camtabufylvlftrirfbu I M of Label, AlySfnm arvenfe album oiTabermtmtauwJUrtica aculeata folijs ferrati, altera of TSalhima ih c thinketh it may be aliothe Sulmtu Cordi , whereof TWiw maketh mention in Harcynia fjlva. The thirds C / ed l^f.’Ca-aaabtsQiuriafMicVrtice, by Baubimu Ynka aculeata folijs non ferrates, and is the Siderin altera tJUatth,ol,, is Lugduncnfis expreffeth it. The Vertues. here is littlemfe made of thefe herbes, eycher inwardly or outwardly, yet they are thought to bee ncarethel t mperature and qualities of the former Hemp z: Label faith they arc ufed as an affured remedy aeainfl: nodes and wennes, and other hard tumours in the flelh, when other things have failed and would do no good. Chap. LXIII. Ifatitfivc Glajlnm. Woade. F this herbe there is accounted two forts, the one manured, the other growing wilde • yet they are! t{ fvuPd r both (ohke the one unto the other, that as it is thought the manuring onelycaufeth the difference e 1k\|f§/. 4 * thir<1 fort 1 havc added K> them for the colours fake though much d'ifproportioned in forme ’ _i- Glafiumfativmi. Manured Woade. Woade that is fowen in fields for ufe, hath divers large, long and fomewhat broad leaves like, unto thofe of Ribwort Plantaine, but larger thicker, and ofa darker blewifh greene colour; from among which arifeth up a flrong (lalke three or fotire (oote high,and fometimes more, with divers filch leaves lit thereon.but fmall'er up to the top, where it fpreadeth into divers branches, at the ends whereofgrow fmall yellow flowers, in whole places come long flattifhhuskes, or cods like tongues, blacke when they are ripe, and pendulous or hanging downewards,wherein lye the feede, which if it be a little chawed or broken with moyflure, will givea blew colour : the roore is white and long,growing downewards. 1 ° | a. GUftumfjlvrfire, Wilde Woade. V This wilde Woade differeth little from the tame or manured, but that it is fmaller, the (lalke flenderer the leaves le£Ter,and the huske or cods lmaller and narrower. 5. Nil Jive Aml y Glajlum Indicum. Indico or Indian Woade. Although Nil or Indico be notin forme like Woade, yet for the rich blew colour fake'I thinke good to make mention Tribe, The Theater of 'Plants, Chap. 65. 601 mention ofit here with it, not onely to fhew yon what it is,and how made,but to incite home of our nation to 1 to be as indullrious therein as they have beene with the former Woade, feeing no doubt but it would bee more profitable. Camcrarhu and Claftus have both had the feede of a plant lent them under the name of Nil or Anil as they fay, but having growne with them they have judged it rather to.be another plant, then that whereof it 5 bore the name; for Chifim faith, that his plant was like unto a (mail Celtic ta, which he afterwards as hce faith a found to be Alpinist his Egyptian Sefban(md fure he ghelfed fomewhatneare it,for if it be rot the fame it is yery like it, as you (hall heare by and by) and Canter arnn faith his plant had leaves like unto Barba Iobit fttitex, but j larger; which companion may hold a fit correfpondence lkewife; yet Lmfcetlmh the true hath leaves like { Rofemarie. But I fhall here give you the defeription of the plant by two feverall meigthe one is Francis Ximenes as he is fet downc in loanncs de Laet his defeription of America , or the Weft Indies, in pag. 3 5 o. and 331. who I faith it is a fhrubbe, producing many round fmooth wooddy llemmes from the roote, about fix palmes or fpans 1 high, about the bignefl'eofones little finger, of anafh colour, with leaves thereon like unto Cicers, having I fmall whitilh red flowers, and afterwards many long Cods growing together, and hanging ’downe- i wards like unto the wormes called Afcarides which we call Arfewormer,yetfornewhat thicke and full ofblacke > feede (de Laet addeth in a Parenthefis, Some fry the feedc is like unto Fenugreeks, flat at both ends as if it had ibeenecutuf.) For the manner of making whereof hee faith, They caff the leave s into a braffc veflell.pouring ! thereon fealdinghot water, or rather lukewarme(yetfome allow of cold water as befl) birring them very well t. that the water may draw out the tinfture, which they pottre out into another veflell that hath an hole therein a fomewhat high, whereout the cleare water may palfe, the thicke coloured Jubilance remaining bchinde, which jafeerwardstheyftraine through a cloth or bag, fecting the thicke fubftance intheSunne, and make it into cakes 1 which is then dryed and hardened in pans at the fire; Thus farre de Laet. The other defeription is by Mb Wil- 1 /iamFinch a London Merchant, as it is fet downe by M 1 . Purchas, in his fourth Booke of Pilgrims, the 4 Chap, Ipag.4t9.lt is a fhtub faith he, not above a yard high, andasbiggeas a mans thumbeat thebiggell; the branches' l are wooddy like unto Broome, having many leaves fet together on a flport footclialke, in forme like Lives (mifprinted for Cicers) or Ciche peafe, or like thofe of drier, but fhorter and broader : the flower (faith he) is | like unto an Hearts eale; the feede is inclofed in a fmall round cod about an inch long refembling Fence-reek feedc, but more blunt at both ends(fuch very feedes for colour alfo we have often had lent for Indicr, feede, yet” I never any fprang’wjth us but once, and that but one plant, and over haflily plucked up before it had any forme ' tobedifeerned, yet the fmall threddy roote was of a pale blew colour, which 1 doe keepe by me to fliewithe 1 jfeede alfo while it is frefh being fteepedin water gave a blewifh colour.) Thcfe deferiptions lo like in mod things and fo nearely alfo refembling Alpir,w his Scftban, but that it hath a yellow flower,perfwadeth me that Sep. 1 ban being undoubtedly a kind of Glattx Legumhofa, Sc fo may Indies be alfo but differing in the Dye. The manner I of making as M 1 ' Finch faith is thus(beiug varioufly deferibed by others. )Thcy gather the leaves ( when they have cut the branches, in Attguji and September after the raines.the feede being ripe in November) and caff them into a long Cell erne powring water thereon, and preffe them downe with Hones that they may be overcovered, fo abi¬ ding for certaine dayes, that the fubftance of the berbe may be drawnc out into the water, which they let forth into another round Ceflerne, in the minlt whereof is another fmall Ceflerne, or Center (the meaning whereof I doc not underdand) and labour it with great ftaves, like batter or white Starch, feumming of the cleare water after it is fetled ; then labour it afrefh, and draw off the cleare water againe being fetled, doing thus fo often untill nothing but a thicke fnbflancc remaine, which they dry in the Sunne being fpreadupon cloth, and after ic is a little hardned, they make it into fmall balls with their hands, laying them to dry on the iand, for any other thing would drinke up the colour, as alfo ifit take raine in the drying it will lofe his colour and gloffe. After it isjowenitendureth three yeares: that Indies of the firft yeare while the plant is tender, is weighty and reddifli called Notee .-that of the fecondyeare is rich, being very light and of a perfeft violet colour fwimming on the water.and is caUedCyeree : that of the third yeare when the plant is declining (and peradventurc but "fabulous traditions) is a weighty blackifh Nil the word of the three, and called Catteld. The bed is made faith hce about Barry neere 20. miles beyond Fetipore in the Ado gel: country in the Eaft Indies. And Ximenes aforefaid as de Laet hath it, faith, the Indians of the Wed call the Plant Xihuiqailitl pitzahuac and the Mexicans call the tindlure made thereof c Mohaitli and Tlccohttitli, but the other Barbarians Tlacckoylinuhuitl, and therewith co¬ lour their haire blacke. I have not heard that good Indice is one of the Merchandifes of the Wed, but of the Ealt Indies onely. De Laet having given the figure of a branch of Indice, I doe here like wife exhibits the fame. They lace. The wildekindegrowethin fundry untilled places and fields in Germany; as it isfayd,butthe manured is fowers as well in Germany, France., and Spaine as in Italy alfo,in Vmbriancite unto Nccera, as Matthielus faith, where there is a towns called quads, of the Woade that grew there abundantly ; and in the Hands of Terceras belong¬ ing to Spaine: Some have fowen it in our owne land, but they have found it to be the caufe of the deftrmdion of their Bees; for it hath beene obfervei, that they have dyed as it were of a Flix that have tailed thereof: it js’fayd that in fome places they fow their Woade upon the fame ground, that afterwards they fowedtheic Corne, which crop of Woade is three times cut in a yeare, and that thefe rootes that are not turned up with the Plough will beare feede among the Corne. The Plant whereof the Nil or Indies is made, groweth in divers places of the E-eft Indies, but efpecially in Gntcttrate ,i\\d the bed in and about Bianie in the dMogols countrey, TheTime. Woade fiowreth in I-une, but the feede is late ripe. The Names. It is called in Greekel ““'w^and Ifatis in Latine, Glaftum Mo and Guadam of fome, after the Italian word Guade, whereby they call W oade. Cefar in his fird booke, de Bello Galike, maketh mention of qiaftum, where¬ with the ancient Brittaines did colour themfclves to feeme the more terrible to their enemies in battaile as it is thought ; or that they did thenasffie Savages of the Wed Indies doe now delight in fuchacolour,to paint their naked skinnes therewith. Pliny alfo fpeaketh of theBrittaines ufing of Glaftum in his aj. Booke and fird Chap, bid divers doe dimfly imagine from whence the word Glaftum fhould be derived; fome have imagined,that Fff in C H A P. 64. Tbeatrmi Sotanicum . Tri B E^. in both thole Authors the word Vitrum {hould be read in (lead of Glaftum ; becaufe the Germane word Glatte from whence they thinke Glaftum is derived, is Ggnifiedby Vitrum ; and home alfo would turne Vitrum in* to Nitrum • but Nitrum is not for Cuch uie, for it is yet very rare or fcarfe feene of any with us ? the Arabians call kDilt f Deligi y (fhate^chatisj Alchat, Alder, or Adhlen, or as Avicen in his/12. Chap, faith Nil ; yetinhis 305. Chap.he hath another 2 ^/ 7 ,which is a kind ckConvonvnlw ox blew Bellflower,whereof I havefpokenin mv forqpcr Booke, which Serapio calleth Uab aln'ilgranum nil: but this Nfl (for Nir in the Arabic ke tongue * as fome lay doth fignifie any blew colour, fuch as this Woadc or the Nil or Indie0 maketh ) or Anil , from i whence was made a blew colour formerly called with us Aneale for the Dyers and others ufe, and was wont to 1 be brought in round great cakes like wax, with round bottomes five or fix packt up in double skinnes longwife which was but a bafe or counterfeit fort of Indico, fas it is probably ghefled) made up with land andtrafluo augment the weight; or elle it was a worker kinde of that Nil or Anil that grew in 7 urkey. f or t h e yjn ■ Jiml or Indico as is aforefaid commeth to us from Cjuzttrate in the Eaft Indies•, lofepb Salbanke his report of Indico in PurchasHb.q.ch. 9. fee .4.^.235, (\vhoby reafon of Ihipwracke upon the MagoHs countrey, with others was forced to travell over land many dayes) faith that at Bianie the beft Indico is made, where are Indico milles and groweth upon Imall bullies, and beareth feede like Cabbadge feede, which being cut downe Iyeth on heapes for halfeayearetorot, and then troden out by Oxen from the fialkcs and fo ground fine at the milles, and lalflv boiled in furnacesjefined and lorted, the befl: there worth eight pence the pound : which laft claufe^f bovling refiningj&c. me thinkes lavoreth fomevvhat ofDiofcorides text, (but you have another mans report before ) Dio/corides memioncth lnduum in his fifth booke and 67. Chap, to be of two forts, the one naturall ifluing out of Indian Canes or R.eeds : the other a blew or purple feumme thatrifeth on the dy fat, which is taken off and drv- ed -. this faith Diofcorides, and peradventure was our very Indico, although related it may bee in this manner which fheweth how lame the ancients were in the knowledge of forraine doings : but we have indeede, even in thefe dayes, a certaine thing called by divers Florey, which the painter:, fometimes ufe, and is the feumme of the dyfat, while the cloth is upon the dying a blew colour with Indico or Woade, and is a fine light powder The Italians as I fayd before call Woade Guado and G/afto • the Spaniards call the herbe while it is greene and growing Guida, but when it is made up and dry, they call it Paftel,forte quia in paftttlos cogantur t the French P aft el likewile, the Germans tVeijs, the ‘Dutch jVeet , we in Englifh Woade and Wade. The Verities. The faculties of Woade arc binding and very drying, and fomewhat bitter withall, but notfharpe, and the wilde fort much more, as ufually all wilde herbesexceede the tame in the properties, and therefore it refifteth putrefaction, and prelerveth therefrom more then the tame; the tame ftancheth bleedings of all forts evther inward or outward, eyther upwards or downewards more then the wilde : thedeccftion of the mannW but much more of the wilde fort, made with wine and drunkc, helpeth the bardnefl’e of the fplcenc • and if the re¬ gion thereof be outwardly fomented therewith alfo, it will doe the more good : the manured is much more nro* Htably ufed for all greene wounds then the wilde. quickly to foder up the lippes ofrhem, and no leffe profitable it is to reprelfc the corroding and malignant qualities of fowle and eating Vlcers, foule Cancers and thelike and healeth them alfo; as alfo allayeth and difeufl'eth all hot inflammations, impoflumes, S. Antonies fire hard tu motirs or fwellings. Indico (which as is fayd, was formerly taken for the fpume of the dyfat, in dyin» a blew colour, either from W oade or Indico) as Diofcorides faith is of the fame qualities,both to clenfe and reprefle the maligmtie of foule Vlcers, and to difTolve tumours, breake impoflumes, and to dry up and biude tile defluxi¬ ons of blood or humors: the juice of Woadc prelerved all the yeare,or the diflillcd water of the herbe worketh the fame effeftes that eyther the decoftion or the powder of the dryed herbe doth. Chaj. LXIIII. Herb a Listen jive Lateo/a. W ould or Welde or Diers weede. [ Thought good to joync this plant unto the otherbeforecoing, both for the dying quality and healing - alfo,although not fo notorious as the other: but although with many former writers, there hath beene ( but one fort remembred, yet we have attained the knowledge of two or three other as you fhall have them exprefled unto you. 1. Luteola vulgaris. Common Would or Diers weede. The common Would or Diers weede groweth bufhingwith many long and narrow flat leaves upon the ground, of a darkeblewifh greene colour, fomewhat like unto Woade, but nothing fo large, a little crumpled as it were and fomewhat round pointed, vyhich doe fo abide the firftyearc; and the next Ipring from among them rife divers round (hikes, two or thee foote high, belet with many fuch like leaves thereon, but fmaller.ana mooting forth fome fmaU branches,which with the (hikes carry many (mall yellow flowers in a Ion* fpiked head at the toppes ofthem, where afterwards come the (eede, which is fmall and blacke, enclofed in heads that are divided at the teppe into fourc parts: the roote is long, thkke and white,abiding the winter: the whole lierbc changeth to be yellowjafrer it hath becne in flower a while. 2. futeola vulgaris Cretica. Small Would of Candy, The fmall Would of Candj hathlikewlfc many long narrow leaves like the former, and tall high ftalkes with lmaller leaves on them alfo: the long fpiked heads have fomewhat larger flowers, more fpread open and ftan- dmg fingly each by rhemfclves, in other things not differing from the former. P , ?• Listen maxima Cretica foecunda. The bearing great Would of Candy fmhrJn!! rf P ‘lv "m'u Up0 '”^! with div! s rs S reat ftal , kes J > fome of them »s bigge as'a mans arme of five, fix, eigh.and ten cubits high, yet perifh in winter .bare or naked of leaves next the ground for a cubits fpace the tonnes liJveafl'nf r'hjoyning clofe at thebottome, the other growing up higher up to the j “f'hcmfooteftalkesofafpanne long; the leaves ofthemfelves are very krge, made of many -omewhat broad and long greene Aiming ones, fet one agamft another on the middle ribbe, and not yet alway/s direflly FR IBE.^ lire&ly oppofite one unto another, every one fomewhat ike untotlie leaves of Hempe (whereof it is mod likely o be afpccies) ragged or dented about the edges, yctnobe if them divided but the end lcafe, which is fometimes livided, feidome into two, and (ometimes into three >avts, each ending in a long point ; ti e ftalkes are iranchcd , but hath onely divers lmall ftalkes, or long pikes of (lowers thruft forth which are yellowilh, ;reene and moflie, bowing.downewards, with many ong and narrow leaves among them, and (land in yel- iowilb greene huskes; wherein, after the flowers are | alien, come the heads full of very ftnall reddi(h feede : he roote is very great and wooddy, and parted into •'inany long armes or branches, which in the naturall pla¬ tes, and other warme countries, abideth many yeares, tut will hardly endure the winters of our cold countrey abroad as we. have often proved. 4. Ltoeamaxlmtt CrctK*fterl/it. Thebatren great Would of Candy. There is no difference in this from the other, but that as dempe and Mercury, and fitch like plants, one bearcth eedes.and the other doth not, fothis although it beare flowers, yetnoieedeisfeeneto follow at any time after as i> in the former. The Place. | The firft groweth every where by the way fides.in moift ’rounds as well as dry, in corners of fields and by-lanes ; n fome places in Kent, they ufe to low their fields there¬ with after their Barley, which abideth untiil the next lyeare,and then is gathered ; the reft are naturall of Candy, land as 1 faycl will hardly indure, or at the leaft beare in our climate. The Time. The firft is in flower about Imc, but the others flower very late or not at all with us. Lutcola %'ulgarh CteticO. Small Would of Canaj. 3-4a Lutea CraieafeTti is & fteriliu The grear Would of Land) both bearing and barren,' 6o >4. Chap.6=; s Theatrum Botamam. Tr I B E. 5 The Names. There is not any Grceke name knowne to be given unto it. Pliny maketh mention of it in his,, booke and refe"«h it to the Geui/ajinttorum Greeneweede. “fo f r , -v.v .vu.H urccncwceae. rttruvius alio sSS""’ “ * 4 ’ P ' Ca lCth “ andF ^ CaUeth 1C '»* 4 . Wot hid lpfefcdin pratis, aries jamfuaverubexti (JA'turice, jam creceo, mutabit vellere Luto. . . 1S calIecl al fo by iome Lrneola- and by home alio thought to be the Refcia of Pliny, becaufe they a^ree fo indiversparts. in hts ninth booke, and chap, maketh it to be the Myagrum or Melampyrum r,f Diofconde, and cal leth it according to the peoples terme in htstime, Guadarella: Ittooke the name of notonely of the yellow eolour of thcherbe and flowers, when it is dry, bntchiefely from the yellow colour i’i the dye Tragm tookc It to be Antirrhinum, becaufe the feede veffels thereof have as it were holes therein. W hav e taken it alfo to be Pbyteumaof Djofcondes, and force to be his Struthium, among whom are Lacuna Gefner in hortit Cjnmanie : but Matthiolm calieth it Pfeudoftrutkium ■ Dodontm calleth it HerbaLuten T t !, LutcoU Lomccrm and Tabermonum,, Catamnce. The Second isthought by Honor,u, Rellm i n his fecond vT file to Cl»fu«, to be the true Struthtum of fome white, but longer and more open, two fometunes (landing in one huske, and with a hood or helmet at the head of them; wherein after they are fallen, areletfoure rough feedes, round and flat, very hayrie, clammie, and fweete, (licking to the fingers, while they are frefh •* at thetoppesof everyone whereof, there is a cleft likea mouth, and about that a crowne like unto an Helmet: the roote is yellowifli and Itringie not perifhing. The Place, All thefe Archangels grow wilde, fome of the firft forts by wall (ides, and the borders of fieldes, and way Tides, al- moft every where with us •* the yellow mod ufually in the wet grounds of Woods, and fometimes in the dryer, in di¬ ve rs Countries of this Land: thofc with white fpots and lines, are very rare to meetc with in ourKingdome, but the fift in Germany as Thalins faith, and in Italy as Matthiolm and Columna lay, very plentifully; the two forts of the (ixth in Naples onely as Columna laith- and the laft in Candy as Pona faith and in Naples as Columna faith. The Time . They flower from the beginning of the fpring, all the Sommer long. The Names, The name Lamium was firft takettfrom Pliny, who after he had fpoken of Nettles, faith that the Nettle that ftingeth not,and is not hurtfull, is called Lamium. Ids called Vr-ea rner Lumerd' T 7 ? ' ‘ ■vdaticucHlloLarva,am lamiam ejurndam ref.refiat. «».. The firft is called by rX\"vnZauLmt 2 xVrtTel mertua, and GaleofCu vulcarU fettns purpurea ■ LuedunenRs fairh rhrre ,<• „„I_l_ , , ’ Kntothemj but that it is the other red Archangell, with longer leaves that is more like unto the white,"or the yellow Tribb, 5 , The Theater of "Plants , Chap. 66. 6oi ■ellow Archangell which they meant ;and Clufius as you fhallheare by & by, miilikedall ocher figures of Galcopjit ts not truly anlwering unto Diofcorides his defcription, for I can finde no Author hath given a true figure hereof lefore Label and Dodonaus-, whereby it feemeth that tins Lamium is more proper to England then to other coun- :ries. Dodonatu calleth itVrtica iners altera. I would incline to thinkithiskindof to be the true Galeopfir if Diofcorid.es with Label and others, if the leaves were not fo round, but more like unto Nettle leaves, and that I .ve had not a kinde,that fmelleth drong, with leaves more like unto the Nettle, as youfhal! heare in the next ■ Chapter.And I would rather thinke alio,that rhe other red Archangell that hath longer leaves very like the white 3! .vere the tfa/eopfis of Diofcorides, with Matthiiltu, Lacuna, Cordus and the reft, if it hadallrong fent whichit lath not, iothat feeing both thefe are dcfeftiveeythcr in the one or the other quality, I cannot deeme eytherof i:hem to be right, efpecially feeing I can produce one that hath both tlielc propci ties more anlwerable to Diofco- \-ides his defcription. The fecond is remembred onely by Comutus in his hillory of Canada plants, and tberccal- led Lamium Aflrapaloides.She third is the firft Lamium of ' Dodor.eus, called by Lobel oyArchangelica flare alba, 1 from whence came our Engli/h word Archangell,as I take it. The fourth is as I fayd, the Ga/eopfls of CMatthio. (ur, Lugdttnenfis and others that follow him, Tabermnitanw called both circle (orts Lamium purpureum i>~ album. 1 Ctfilpintu calleth them Leucas, and arc his fecond and third; 'Bauhinm calleth them Lamium purpureum vtl al. Uum,non fatens folio oblongo. The fifth Thalnts calleth Vrticafatua KdydsnVd, and is Tabermontar u < firft Galeopjls, which ColumnU calleth Vrtica mortua macuiis albisrefperfa ,and of Banhinus Lamium macuUtum. The fixt is the tj Lamium Plinij o( Anguillarafiamerarms and Matthiolus. and by him called Vrticalattea, who would faine have imade it the Ga/eopfis of Diofcorides, but that he found thnj to make mention of the white in the leaves ol La- hnium, to be efpecially ufed for inflammations, S. Anthonies fire and the like, which made him defilt from that ifopinion, and conclude it Flinies Lamium. (flulumna calleth it Lamium Plinij mentanum, and Bauhinus Lamium ia/ba line a not alum ; and this he faith the Italians call Milajtdellaex iMiLaatclla, which is fo highly commended by them againft the fpleene: but Lobel taketh the ordinary white, or the yellow Archangell to bee it, and fo 1 doth Lttgdunenjis alfo, and both crronloufly : The feaventh is called Lamium luteum by Lobil, Dodmaut and. 1 others fcjnteopfis flora tuteo by Camerarim, and Dalechampiiu. Cafalpinm calleth it Leuccium montanum : the flail is called Cajfldaby Columna, and Scutellariaby Cortufus, and thole of Italy, as well at Padoa asat Tfjples. 1, JSauhir.us calleth it Lamiumperegrinum five Scutellaria, and faith that it is the Sacerdotis flair.da Plmtj of Pena, in I his Italian defcription of Mount Ba/dus, whichl hardly beleeve, bccaule the flowers are not equal!, accor¬ ding to their figures; as alfo that TSetonica fl/lvefirit of Paulus •yEgineta, chat is like Pennyroyal! and without lent, whereof 1 fpeake in the Chapter ofBetony hereafter, by Quadranitu judgement is this kind of Lamium-. the Italians call it Ortica morte, the Spaniards Hertiga muerta, the french Ortie morte, the Germanes Todt Nefle/l , Taub Neffe/l, and Hinfang, the Dutch Doove Nettlen , and wee in Enghjk, Dead Nettle, Blind Nettle, and Archangell. • The Vertues. The Archangells are fomewhat hotter and drier then the flinging Nettles, and are more appropriate,and with better fucceffe ufed for the obdruftionsandhardnefle of the fpleene then they, to be ufed inwardly by drinking thedccoflionoftheherbeln wine, and afterwards applying the herbe hot, or the decoftion unto the region of rhe fpleene, as a cataplafme or fomentation with fpunges. The flowers of the white Archangells are preferved or conferred daily to be ufed, or the diftlled water of them is ufed today the whites, and thofe of the red to day the reds in women, and is thought good to make the heart merry, to drive away melancholly, and to quicken the fpirlts. It is commended alio againd quartaine agues. It dancheth bleedings alfo at the mouth ornofe; if the herbe be damped and applyed to the nape of the necke: the hetbe alfo biuifed and with fome fait and vinegar, or with Auxungia that is,Hogs Lard laid upon any hard tumour or (welling,and that in' the neck or throate,which is called the Kings Evilldoth hclpe todiflolve.ordifcuffethem: in the like manner applyed to the Goute, Sciatica or other /oynt aches or sf the finevres, doth very much allay thepaines.and give eafe. It is alfo very cft'eiduall for all inflammations, as are percudive, and to heale all greene wounds, by drying and doling up the lippesn* the wounds, and for old Vlcers alfo to day their malignitie of fretting, and corroding or fpreading, thereby causing them to heale the more fpcedily ritdraweth forth fplinters, or other luch like things gotten into thi flefh. .Ptay highly commendeth it for many other things, asforbruifes and burningsbut the Archangcll with yellow flowers is mod commended, for old filthy and corrupt fores ot corrupt V leers, yea although they grow to be fidulons or hollow, and to diffolve tumors. Chap, L X VI. Gaieopfis. Stinking Dead Nettle. Have here to bring to your confideracion not onely the Genuine Cjaleopfls of Diofcorides, both in Clu- Elfins and my judgement, but fome other plantsalfo, which may not unfit y for their likeneffe there- i unto,be referred unto it as I thinke. I. Galeopfis GenuinaDiofioridii. The true dinking Dead Nettle of Diofcorides. This kind of Dead Nettle hath divers fquare, foft, and hairy dalkes, riling up to be three or foure foote high, at the joynts whereof grow two leaves a peece upon long footedalkes, very like unto Nettle leaves, but that they are foft and fomewhat hoary or hairy, butnotdinging at all, of a very drong fent fomewhat un- pleafant, efpecially growing in fhadowy places, and nothing fo drong in the open fields : at rhe toppes of the dalkes grow the flowers fet in the randies, foure or five at a fpace, and many of them one above another, in manner of a (pike, every one dandjng in a greenilh huske, like unto thofe of the former Dead Nettles, but not fo great an! are of a fad red or purplifh colour, efpecially the heads or upper parts; but the lower hbells or lippes, have fome white fpors in them : within thofe huskes after the flowers are fallen, grow fmall round, yet fomewhat rough feede, foure for the mod part danding together; the roote is compofed of many drings, {hoo¬ ting frefh heads every yeare.and increafing thereby very much, 2, Gateopjil Chap, 66, '7 beatrum ‘Botanicum, Gaeapfis alter ain can .>. Hoary (linking Dead Nettle. This other Dead Nettle hath Ihorter fquare i alkes foft and hoary, very (lender and weake, creeping as it were hy the ground, with two leaves let at the joynts likcwife foft and hairy, and more hoary underneath, 'not fo lar«e as the former: the toppCs of the (hikes end in a long fpikc or purplifh flowers, fet in roundlesas in the other; the ieede and roote is alfo anfwerable unto the other. 3. galeopfis luteaDalechampij. Yellow (linkin’ Dead Nettle. Theyellow Dead Nettle hath fquare low (hikes not a- bove a cubit high, with long leaves fet thereon by couples, very like unto Nettie leaves, fmallcr below next the ground then up higher upon the (hikes being hairy, but not (linking, and fmdiing fomcwhat (Irong like the full: the flowers grow in long fpibed heads in the fame manner, but are all yekow when they are fully blowne, confiding of two leaves, the uppermrft whereof is not fo much hoo¬ ded as the former. but is as it were a cover to the lower and rurneth it feife up againc, having fome yellow threds ill the middle, but while it is intudde is (omeuhat red- difh : the feeuc is fet in huskes as the other, the roote is threddy and black, (lr like the former. 4, galeopfis ah 1 ' pallida. Vile Galeopfis or (linking Dead Nettle. Thishath fundry pale greene broad leaves fet on long hairy footedalkcs: the ftemrne is fquare and hairy alfi? with luch like but Idler leaves thereon, and fundry final! pale yellowifh flowers fet together at (paces, which turne into (mall round and pointed' heads, with (mall blackifh feedes in them ; it fmelleth ftrong or (linketh as bad as the reft. 5 . Galeopfis maxima Pamoaica. The Dragon (lower. T his I have deferibed in my former booke whercunto I muft referre you, although 1 give you the figure thereof here. R IB E 5- Galeopfis legitim a 'Diofcoriciit. Stinking Dead Nettle. 4, Galeopfis a'teralutcopzUidi. Pale coloured Ca'eopfis or linking Dead Nettle. 5. GaleopfismayimaPannohica, T he Dragon flower. F.bibe.5. 'The Theater ofTlants , Chap.67. 6 o § ~ The place. The firfl: is very frequent in aur land,in divers countries, as at Nampjled going from the towne to theChurch a nd many other places from Hampjled heath to London : the fecond and third I have not knowne grow Wilde, utonely in our gardens: the fourth Cufw faith he found growing naturally in his garden at Vienna, and fo .id I like wife in my garden in Long Acre, not knowing othcrwife of any fnch feeds was fent me,for it grew not a anv of my fovvenbeds, but ftragltngly inwall places. The Time. All the(e forts arc in flower both in Iune and July, for the mod part, and the fcede is quickely ripe after the > lowers arc pad. • , The Names , It is called in Greeke as Die fees ides faith yahio0J oAs*, Cjaliopfis, Galeopjis, rir G aleobdolosj . falcata flornm ejfigie, 3 s fome thinke,or as Matthio 'w faith, a ydist & tys and then he would adapt the Lamium \Him maculatisfoius unto it, but himfclfe difdaimeth that deduftion, and the other is not right, for the word i ye.s'LaJ'^O-, which figniheth mujlelafatida, fbe weth the truer derivation as 'Pliny hath it ajlornm figura, muJleU hiciem & riSlumijuadantemu exprimente: It is called ufually in Latine alfq Galeopjis , as Pliny doth more truly, Tien Gahopjls, and Vrtica mortua fetida, &Vrtica Ubeo, of the great lippesin the flowers. The firft is from Tragus called ulually Z/VriVu Heraclea, or by others Herculea Tragi: of Lmiccnu Vrtica [ylvana,oi Colitis Ge- Keopji t leeitima DiofcoridU, but by Bauhirms Lamium maximum fylvaticumfatidum : the fecond is the Lamium in - •ranitm of Thalius ,3ndtheGaleopJis rubraoi Lugdunenfis, whereof he faith there groweth.plenty in the groves above Lyons, as well as the other yellow Galeopfis-, whereof neither as he faith, is any Lamium, either (linking, :ior not duelling, for as he faith this red differcth from the yellow, onely in the colour of the flower, both of them (bearing (piked heads like the fifft : the third is Lugdunenfit Qaleopjis lutea Dalechampi], called Galeopjis floreluteo iifolio oblango, and rellis caalibtu of Camerarim inhorto, differing from the Lamium lutenm, for he mentioneth citalfo among the other Lamia : the toanh Clujius aWcth Lamium Pamonicum fccuxdum five exoticnm, and is tthought to be ScrophuUria flare Inteo of Bauhiutu,^ you fhall finde it noted in the chapter of ScrophuUria after- liwards: but furely ic hath little correfpondency with the Lamia. The Vcrtttes. The (lincking Dead Nettles, any of the kinds of them, boyled in wine and drunke, doth wonderfully helpe all inward wounds and hurts, bruifes, falls or the like, and are Angular good alfo for the lplecne, and the difea- fes thereof: but efpecially for the hemorrhoides or piles, when they are painefull being fwollen and fallen downs.: the juyee thereof applyedwarme with vinegar,both eafeth the paines and draweth forth the blood s and in the fame manner ufed helpeth the warts,and other fuch like hard grumes or knots, that grow in and about the fundament;as alfo all other manner of hard fwcllings,as wennes,warts,and kernels,that grow in the necke or throate, orinanypart of thebody; it is Angularly commended for all manner of filthy ulcers, gangrenes,and i cancers, be they corroding or fiflulous. Chap. LXVII- Scrophularia major. Great Figwort. jHere are two forts of ScrophuUria or Figge-wort, as they are fo called by divers, a greater and Ieffer, i the Ieffer being called Chelidonium minus, whereot Ifhal! entreate hereafter: but of the greater in rhisChaptcr, whereof there are divers other forts that formerly were not knowne. r. ScrophuUria major vulgaris, The ordinary great Figgewort. -- The common great Figgewort fendeth forth divers great, ftrong, hard, fquare, browne- (hikes,’ three or foure footc high, whereon grow large, hard, and darke greene leaves, two at a joyht, which are larger, and harder than any Nettle leaves, but not flinging, very like unto the leaves of Water betome, fo that they arc fometimes miltaken, being fomewhac hardly difeerned one from the other, but that thele are not fo round dented about the edges, and arc alfo fmaller at thcends; at the toppes of the (lalkes, (land many purple flowers, fetm huskes which are fomewhat gaping and open, but not fo much as any of the former dead Mettles, but elofer and fmaller fomewhat like thofe of Water Betony, after which come hard round heads, with a (mall point in the middle ’ wherein lye fmall brownifli feede: the roote is great white and thicke, with divers knobbes or bunches at ir, growing a flops, under the upper cruft of the ground, and abideth many yeeres, but keepeth not his gteene There is another fort hereof very like in leaves, but more fometimes (landing at a joynt, efpecially the lower- moft, theBowers are not gaping, but made of foure reddifh leaves, which ulually (land at the ;oynts with the alterae i e : leaves: the feede veflcls are not pointed. # . gw* 2, ScrophuUria altera Rut a Canina diElf, Great Figge-wort without knoboed rootes. This other kinde of great Figge-wort, rifetb up with many weake and tender (hikes, not above two footc hwb, whereon grow narrow, long, and (omewhat thicke darke greene leaves, cut in on the edges on both udes into divers parts, making them feeme like the leaves of vvilde field P oppie, fmelling fomewhaMtrong like Rue, or Poppie, and let without order, fometimes but one or two, and fometimes more (tanoing at a l°y n ^J c he flow¬ ers are many but fmaller, of a darke or fad purple colour, fomewhat like the other, or like unto Toadflaxe, {lan¬ ding many together, upon feverall fmall branches at the toppes of the (hikes, which lmell as rrrong almoftas the leaves: after which come fmall heads like the former, the feede whereof is not much unlike : the roote hereof hath no khobs thereat at all, but confifteth of a long, downeright bigge roote, with many fmall fibres growing to ic. „ , g, ScrophuUria Cretica latifoiia. Great leafed Figge-wort of Candy. This Figge-wort of Candy hath a fquare cornered greene (hike, brownifli on the fiae nextthe Sunne : at the bottome whereof grow divers large, and long winged leaves, fet upon their foote (hikes, made of many parts. i -1—i , . i„. mr in on the tdets, and each part cut ill on their edges likewife, tna- i ” C c«?y leak feeme like unw a Feme, or the leafe of the red Rattle; from the middle of the (hike, (home Ji round about it, up to the toppes almoft, other branches, and they agame feme (mailer .having.on allfides ch like leaves, but toiler than grow below, fet there on; and at the nappe, of theffalkea -and branches are ma- y fmall flowers, fet (b.newhatlike unto the firfl ordinary Figge-wort, but pa: t of .deeper and partof apaler urple colour, with feme yellow thteds, riling out of the middle: therootcisuf a fingers th.ckeneffe, anddl- ided into diverfe other phrts. 4. Scrcphularia peregnnd. Scran^e £>reat rigge-wort. This flranae Figge-wort bearcth divers fquare browne Halites, riling from the roote about two foots high, y hereon grow without any order, many loft leaves like Nettles, but not pricking or Hinging at all, fomewhac . onger alto and deeper cut in on the edges, cfpecially in tome of them, of adarke greenc colour on the upperfide, in d greene underneath: the Halites branch themfelves into many other (mailer ones, with leaves on them to 1 he toppes, like the lower but leffer, where Hand many darke purple flowers, whole upper leaves turne upwards, ,nd the lower fall downe like lippes, each of them Handing in greene huskes, that are parted into five points; (wherein after the flower is fallen and paft, ccmmeth around head, divided as it were with a frame into two parts, with a little point at the end, wherein lye fmall browmfli feedc, like the common fort 1 this alfo natha rlrontz fent,rather worfe than the lafl. , r . 5 . Scrophulariavereqrinct altera. Another Hrange great Figge-wore, i The ftalke hereof is about two foote high: the leaves are of a faire greene colour,as it were winged the flow¬ ers are yeliowifh, with pale thredsin the midale: the feed is fmall in round huskes being by-forked at the lends. A „ 6. Scrophularia flare Inteo, Yellow Figge-wort. 1 The yellow Figge-wort bringeth forth diverfc fquare browne (hikes fomewhat hayrie and foft, about two (foote high, at the joynts whereof grow two largelroad, round,hayrie,foft greene leaves, deepely dented about The edgess. Handing upon very lon| footeHalkes, thofe at the foote of the Halkes being iargcH, w hich in winter iyeinacompaffe upon the ground, round about the roote; and thofe on the Halkes leffer and leffer up to the J - - r ^ • -almoft from the bottome, one lmall naked branch. ter the flowers are paff,come larger round heads than in the former, whole point at the endislong, andalittle crooked, containing within them (mail blacke feede: the roote is thteke and blackiih, with many Hrings and [ fibres thereat, but not having any knobbes thereon at all. J. Scroptmlarialndica. Indian Figge-wort. ■ The Indian F igge-wort, hath divers thicke but weake branches, lying all about upon the ground, full of joynt". Scrophularia peregnna nicer a. Another ftrange great Figge-wort. 3 . Scrophularia Sambucifolio, Elder-Iikc Figge-wort. V^HAF. 03 . 1 beatrum Botanicum . 1 RISK. the edges, and from\hefam e ^ynB^^^ tiff'd d °d the former by much, pointcdauhe^end^there^and^flfdn d!emihlalYlAackifM ba d^ er *^5' buihte, but penfheth in the winter, if it rife up to flower, elfe abiding. " ^ fh de ■ theroote lsthnkeand: T i • j,- § cro phularift Sambucifolio, Elder-like Fioor fSvs^tsaisasxsx^P^ ■» - f -r »■« ftalkes, of a brownifh red or purple colour afte^ which corner'’ ,[ ,angln ? r, ov ! nc tbcir beads round about the < '■“ l parts of fieldes, and mcddowes: ^theftcond A^e/faith°gJoweth^i?ot but in 5 th° Wie W °° d ‘ :s - andin Slower i li r ^\ Ra 7”T >m i R r n ’ C In I,al J- The third and fourth came from 2 Coun “ iesof ■ among other fecdes : the fixe came from Hungary, and other parts of German* t'h^r ^ WaS Pcnt out of lta, J and Italy. & J ‘ ana otner P arK 0‘ Germany : the feventh and la ft from Spain They all flower about My, yet fome a moneth foonerf'Tnd the feede will he rin, •. ■ flowers arc part. ’ natne lceae will bo ripe within a moneth after the tu- u > ^ i .. The Names, This hath no Greelte appellation more then what may be taken from the T atln,. c r, ■ or life at the leafl.it hath obtained divers Latine names L thc , at,ne > for being of later invention ’ and major to diflingmfh it from the leffer, (which moli writers “ ‘ S . avai,eab le adScrepha/J, fliall heare anon) t Mdlemorbia, Tic ana, Terraria and CafirmtuU as well from Wbat judgement you the many eftedts, the former ages more then ours did rut it ton e j™ ttf “ ra,c of tlle rootes, as from t ough they want thofeknobbes in the rootes, yet for the other likenefle have [w aileable ; .the other forts a!- Fufehm! Cerda,, and ‘Dedene ardid take it to be GaleopOi 0 f THorcoride, hot n d ”r’ e lul P ofcd on them; his former errour ainendeth it faying, that this wanterh the firi, r . ’ J 3Ut B in his lafl Edition, findim? Some alfo tooke it to be Cbryfippca of c Pliny which he faith el ? t ^ at Galeepfis hath, belides other things! fleih t the Italians call rt Sc/efeZia ,the hC JP e[h the ^ or kernells iL thd the Dutch Greet Speer.kruifi, and we ill Snglijh great Tiogewort ’'and nrea-Tl^””*”^\ nd Gr ° Fei Z Kurt *-, wort; the firfl is called Screphalaria, and major of m ofwriters’- oneE -r P,lcwort > amJ of fome great Kernell ThaDrta, more to be given unto this plant then unto Sc Sa^Z'alJ u £ u-°r all< T"S° ( thS name*™! xennhortv, calleth it Clymraum mas and as I fa vd before *1 KOcamJham alterum, aadGef- DxrcAHerball; the other ofthegteat kind hathnotbe ne m™ in H ^ CWw * a " d It his Q ™ oi Lebel.clafiw and others, from them of Mompelier but hath Httle ^r,, T1 '5 fccond is callcd Ruu called by many alfo Scrophalaria majnr abfiae taberealf, \Jtat ( i-f 0 bkeneffeto any Rue; and is rrAr.as Camerarm and Bauhiam Cay, although not well' expreffed “ f0r r h ^ S,deri,i ‘ t " t '“ 'Piefco* fome others would make it the SiderUjt a/ttra of VleforldefZJn 1 ' d La:,l ™> Da/echa^pim and treated into W) Galeepfa tm ,a, CefalpZ ^■ Herb, “ ^ C/ ^ fiend,,. ■BaHhwm calleth it Screphalaria rJ,., Cmim din avalJl thtth'd F T Dio. Uafiut, which as he faith is very like unto the Rata Cam,*, and thetefore^jfci'bj S "°t hulari ‘ l Cretica of fihets mode lacimatu, vtlRutaCartmaUtifolia, the later Gerard „lu u c T ' alIeth “> ^rophalaria film others judge. The fourth is called Screphalaria peremmfa n h Sm T h « l fi «« ladica but how truly let °1 A TuT' and as tb e fecond Screphalaria Cretica of Clnfiu^'xndbvTl’ V h ° tt i', n !S eth ic t0 b «the Gallpfit the fife hath the name m the title whereby wee received it • the "r / d Scr °P h!,lari * VrtiL. Fab,,a Column., calleth it Screphalaria men,am maxima ,and thkiketh ka lo to! 17X 7* ^ b f Banhinuc. dam five exottcum of Clafia ,, but faith Baahiaas there is fome d ffere nf e ° H w T™ fieri verall plants. The feventh is called by Baahiaas Screphalaria MjtTacMatl thinke thcm - r e- mme of Scrophst/aria Hi/pamca, but vve received it under the nam/» fe . 7* » an< ^ 1C Was fent him by the naturall of the Jndies or of Spaine, wee cannot tell, fbrmany thSesIre fo mTrnn/"^' ' vhich whether Kbe among other-feedes by the fame name is in the title, and by m e wit®manv’ ” dco f ered : 'b= lafl came to mee nntoDi^ wh , Ic hce lived at ^ a „d by him 1"^^ fe r d b up any fjf* ° r b ° th t0 be bappeneth by any wound kernek 0 bun £ h Urt P 0UtWardl >’ ! ,llc and let them Co (land for fiftcene dayes dofe" ^ P "J ■ bem ‘ nt ° 3 poc vvith frc(h P l (Which afrerwarris fet upon a gentle fire to boyle eaflly for a lirrle frn Cov f red ln f°me moyft or moorifh d inS aP ° tC ?' Cre r dt0U,e whcn forth let lun u ff ^ ie and wax - ls madc the bke oyntmcnr,exceedim?S i ^ c keW,fe bruifed and bo y • hediflrlled water of the whole plant rootes and all is ufed forib °b ca le all fortsof Scabbesand Lepry ly or to apply outwardly by bathings, Ind ferveth well alfo fefiSk'^f thcr t0 takc >nw^/- cers tnat are hoilow or corroding, to flay Tribe 5. The 'Theater of ‘Plants* G h a vM, 6 I: flay the mali>»nme and dry up the fuperBuous virulent moyftnreof them ; the fame aliotaketh away allredneffe fpots and freckles in the face, as alfo the lcurfe, or any foule deformitie therein that is inveterate, and the Leprofie like wife. Betonica siquatiCa. Water Betony. £?■ Chap. LX VI 1,1. Betonica aquatic a. Water Betony., Ecaufe this herbe is To like unto the former Fjgwort-. that many as I fayd are miftaken therein, and that it is called Scrophularia aquatica alfo by iome; I thought it notamifle to joyne it next thereunto, as well as for the fame properties that this lerveth, efpecially for Vlcers and fores. i. Betonica aquatica major. The greater Water Betony. The greater Water Botonyrifeth up ufually higher then the Figworc, with fquare hardgreenifli t ftalkes,and fometimes browne, fet withfuch like broad darkegreene leaves, a9 the Figwort hath, and dented c about the edges, but with rounder notches whereby it may if hcedefully obferved be knowne from it,and where- i in it fome what refembleth the leaves of the Wood Betony, but much larger two for the moft part fet at a joyritj - | the flowers are many fet at the toppesoftheftalkes and branches, being round bellyed and openatthebrimmes, i and devided into two parts, the uppermoft being like a hood, | and the lowed: like a lip hanging dowfie,of a darke red colour, » which pafling away there come in their places round heads I 1 with (mail points in the ends, wherein lyeth fmall and brow- I nifti feede : the roote is a thicke buflr of firings and threds i growing from a head. i. Betonica aquatic a. minor. The lefler water Betony. The lefler Water Betony is in all things like the former, but ( lower and lefler by three parts, for the ftalkes are fquare and greene- the leaves are round almoft, but yet pointed, of the lame darke greenc colour, the flowers are of a fad red,or pur¬ ple colour,and ekerootes threddy, fo that the fmalnefie onely maketh the greateft difference. The Place. JThefirfi: groweth with us by ditch fides, by brookes and : ether water coprfes, generally throughout the land, and is feldome found any thing farre from the waters fides : the fe- cond alfo in v/et and moorifli grounds about Bafil tts Baubimts faith, and in other places of Germany, ind will well abide in dryer grounds, as. Label found in the garden of D r . Penny at London, and Xy.Mmonw at Tornay. The Time. Theft flower about and their feeds is iipe in Augufi. The Names, It is called Betonica aquatica and aquatilis by Dodo nans, Lo - bcfLugdunenJis^Tabcrmontanus, Gerard and Turner, who yet tooke it to be Clymemn, as Gefncr alfo did, calling this Clyme- nonUmlna, azht did fat common Scrophularia, as 1 fayd be¬ fore Clymenon mas , and therefore calleth,this alfo Scrophularia major is altera Jpecies. Dodonaw in Dutch maketh it his fecond GaleopJiSyZnd Tragus his greater OcimaBrum. Lob el faith that fome called it Sefamoides , and fome Ter pent aria • Thaliw calleth it Scrophularia major aquatica, and fo doth Bauhinus y the other is called by (fahterarius in his G Matthiolws } and Epi¬ tome of Matthiolw Scrophularia famine., and faith the Ger- Manes call itlFfJf Nackifchat,fazx. is,white Nrghtfhade, Lobelin hisobfervations pag! 288. calleth it Betonica aquatica Septcntrionahum Jpecies minor . The Dutch doe call it Beekscuymeruqt and S. Anteunis cruyt , vve in Enp- /recall it Water Betony mod ufually, but fome Brpwncwor.t,: from the Gfrmane Braurcurtz, as it is likeiy, which as I fayd before is the greater Scrophularia , the iikenefle of the plants cabling' fiich interpofltion o f names, and fome alfo Bifliop leaves. The Venues. Both forts of Water Betony a're a like eflfcftua.il for all old and filthy Vlcers, being of a clenfins quality, if the leaves be but bruifed and layd thereon; but is much more effectual! if the juice of the leaves bee boyled with a little honey and tents dipped therein.& the fores drefled therewith,as alfo for bruifes or hurts whether inward or outward : thediltilled water of the leaves isufed for the fame purpofes, as alfo to bathe the face or hands that are difcoloured'by the Sunne, or hath any fpots or blemifhes thereon; as alfo for any redneffc or high colour than commcth accidentally by being in the Sunne, C H A F r 614 Ch a p. 6 g. 'Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe, 5 Chap. LXIX. Betonica. Wood Betony. F Betony wee have foure or five forts,differing ey ther in the Ieafe or flower, or fpikcd head, f flowers one from another.as fhall be fihewed you. F Wads ot t. Bettmic* vulgarisflorepurpurco. Common Wood Eetony. Hie ordinary or common Betony, which becaufe it is frequent in woods, is therefore I i y C i d W u°° d j econy ’ hath man y lea ' res riling fr °m the roote, which are fomewhat hr™d -, . --and round at the ends, roundly dented about the edges, (landing upon long footdlalkes f a< * among which rife up (mail iquare (lender, but yet upright hairy [talks, with fome leaves thereon wn / at the joynts/mallcr then the lower, whereon are fet feverall fpiked heads of flowers, like unto thofe nf^ ^ eCCe der, but thicker and (hotter for the moll narr. and reddirt, ™ \ tho‘Ca A lope euros montanad'tf a. Foxtaile Betony. rvJ. IS ^ uri re n^ n ^ toyour confiderafion, is accounted by Bauhinw as akind of Rernnu ™rr 4 Lb n" “ ° r the ‘! k u e ? effe °I the lca '-«. Whom I alfo herein follow, and place it with them it h’ha hlflm oote, with .ome fibres thereat; from whence rifeupdivers (lender round ftalkes, about a cubit high 1 -1 _ t _•. r O 9 Betonica vulgar it /lore purpnreo. Common Wood Betony. ' ca rimitna Lipina Helvetica, omail Mo nntainc Betony having at the bottome of them fome fmali long and narrow leaves, like threds or peeces as it wEre torne off the nndeofthe lower part of theftalkeand fharpe pointed, fome greencand fome browne:thc reft of the italkes are naked unto the middle, which from thence to the toppes at farre diftanccs one from another have at every joynt two broader.rounder, and fhorter leaves then Betony, the middle ribbe being blackifh, and den¬ ted about the edges: above the two uppermoft leaves come forth a foft round fpiked flaort head made of a number of white haires, fome what rcfembling a white Fox taile, whereof it tooke the name. The Place. The firft two forts are frequent in woods and copfcs, and other fuch like fhadowie places throughout the land, but that with the white flower is more ufually found in the ftiffe clay grounds, then in any other mould, and in the woods by Brumley in Kent • the third grow on the Alpes of Helvetia or Swifter land; the fourth was brought xtomDcnmarkehy D r . Lobel , when he went thither with the Lord Edward Zoncbe Ambafladour from the Queene Elizabeth of famous memory, in the yeare 15 92. The laft as Lugdunenfis faith,groweth in the movft vallies that are fhadowed with trees of the high hills. The Time. They flower in lttly >and the feede ripeneth quickly after. The Names. It is called in Greeke *£fe? v CePlron^a remediorum copia & varietate , yet fome take it a flora fbicatd & macro - Mtaaattu verruculum preferrente, and Pfycotrophon,quodinfrioidU locis inveniaiur-.the word Cefiron hath divers mterpretaoons in Greeke as in Saidas for a kind of dart, in Sophocles for a pricke or pointed thine ■ others underhand hereby bookes conteming much variety of matter, and Pliny fpeaking of graving, faith anciently there were two wayee, the one in wax, the other in Shore Ceftrojdtft, viriculofitt downe for verncuhsm, which exprel.eth both in Greeke and Latine the fharpe pointed roole wherewith they did grave in Ivory. It is called in i.atine Betomca, and f etonica^ab inventoribm Vetonibta Hi/pame popu/ii as Pliny faith; but CJalen feemeth in his htt booke de[mutate tuenda, to make Setonica and Cefiron to be two herbes, in thefe words' trandated, ConMtur eufemir.vimimpetrofilinum^tque idfolnmarticularibw fatisfaciat ; ijs vero quicalculo Uborant, aliquid Betonict 0 -Cefin quod in Gallijs nafcitur, vocent antemeam her bam Sarxiphagon : it* i 1 !*|m 1 616 C HAP,yO» Theatrum Botanicum. Tr I B E. 5 .; mcr but Inthe qualities and vcrtues, thus faith y£gineta. It is called by the c Arabians Cbajh^/ty^ e Italkns „ Smmc, but as Plmj faith (M.a 5 .cap.%. fpeaking of his times) Serrawla, by the French -Become and BetoT by the Cj ermines Braun Betonick, by the ‘Dutch and us Betony. There needeth no further declaration or nml/n ’’ non of thefc unto you, feeing all Authors alraoft agree in the name. The third and fourth by their title and n! are expreffed whereupon they tooke their names: the lad Lngdunenfis calleth Alopecuru, Montana, which Betony like leaves, and therefore Bauhinm as is before faid referred it thereunto. One thing more I would ad * vertife you that Fetomca and Betonica are diverfly taken in divers Authors for Vetrnca, although it be fet dnw in fome Authors for Become, yet more properly and ufually it is underftood to bee the CttrybphjUus our ■ flower, and then it is denominated Vetonick altilii. J - The Vtrtues, Betonie is hot and dry, almoflin the fecond degree: it is faith Tlinj ante cun ft as LatidatiJLma and fo have others alfofct it forth, with admirable (andyetnotundeferved) prailes: Antomut Mufa, the Emperour^I gfm his Phyfition, who wrote a peculiar booke hereof, faith of it, that it preferveth the lives and bodiel ' of men, free from the danger of difeafes, and from witchcrafts alfo; but it is found by dayly experience as Dio (coride, formerly wrote thereof, to be good for innumerable difeafes, as Matthiolus termeth it for it hel neth rh f" that either loath ot cannot digeft their meate, thofe that have weake flomackes, or have fewer belchincs or con ‘ tmuall riflings in their ftomacke.if they ufe it familiarly, either greene or dry, either the herbe, therbote orth- • flowers, m broth1 drunke, or meate,made into conferve, fyrupe, eleftuary, water, or powder, as every one mav I heft frame themfelyes unto, or as the time or feafon requireth, taken any of the forefayd wayes : it helDeth the ■ jaundile, falling lie keneffe, the palfe.convuKiqnsor fhrinkingof the finewes, the goute, and thofe that areen- dining to droplies, as alfo thofe that have continuall paines in their heads, yea although it turnetofrenfie • ir i~ no leffe available the po wder mixed with pure honey, for all forts,of coughes or colds, wheeling and feortneffi : of breath, dillillations ot thinne rheurne upon the lungs, which caufeth confumptions, the decoflion made with Mede and a little Pennyroyall added thereunto, is good for thofe that are troubled with putride agues whether q«,ti£*«t,tert,M,o r quartans ,that rife from the (lomack; and to draw downand evacuate the blood and humors that by falling into the eyes,do hinder the fight:the decoflion thereof made in wine & taken, killeth the worm™ m the belly jis good to open the obftrufiions, both of the liver & fpleene,& for flitches or other paines in the (ides or back,the torments alfo & griping paines of the boweis.and the wind Collick, and with honey helpeth to Durpe the belly.-the fame alfo helpeth to bring down womens courfes.and is of efpeciall ufe for thofe that are troubled with the falling downe and paines of the mother, and to caufe an eafie and fpeedy delivery for rhofe in travaile of childbirth: ir helpeth alfo to breake and expell theflone, either in the Kidnies or bladder-the decoflion with wine gargled eafeth the toothach.it is commended againft the (ling orbiting of venemous Serpents, and mad dons both u(cd inwardly, and applyed outwardlyalfoto the hurtplace: it is fayd alfo to hinder drunkenneffe beinu taken before hand, and qmckely to expell it afterwards: adrammeof the powder of Betonie taken with a little h ny, in fome Vinegar, doth wonderfully refrefti thofe that are overwearied by travaile: it fiaycth bleeding at the mouth or nofe, as alfo thofe that fpit or piffe blood : ir helpeth thofethatare burden and haveamnmrf and is good for thofe that are bruifed by any fall 0 r otherwiie: the greene herbe brnifed, or the iuvee aoDlved > to any inward hurt, or outward greene wound, inthe head or body, will quickely heale it and clofe it un as alfo any veincs or finewes that are cut, and will alfo draw forth any broken bone, or any fplinter thornc or fuch q ther thing, gotten into the fleih: it is no leffe profitable for old filthy fores, and ulcers, yea though thev be filfe lous and hollow; butfomedoe advife to put a little fait thereto for this purpofe: being applyed with alitle Hogges Lard, it helpeth a Plague fore, and other biles,and pufhes: the fumes of the decoflion while it is warm received by a funnell into the eares, eafeth the paines of them.deftroyeth tbewormes, andcureth the running fores in them; the juyee dropped into them, doth the fame likewife: the roote of Betony is found to be ol much differing quality from the [eaves and flowers, as being much difpleafing both to the tafte and lfomacke procuring loathing, vomitings, and belchmgs; whereas the leaves and flowers, by their fweete and fpicietalle’ are comfortable both in meate and medicine. ‘ ’ Chap. LXX. Chelidmium. Celandine.' I Ormerly there were two forts of Celandine generally knowne, as Diofcoride, and others make men- 1 tion.which differ in outward face, very much one from another, whereof I entend to entreatein . this Chapter, but unto theml mull adjoync fome otherfotts of the greater, which are of later in- jouaal ventl0n - 1. Chelidomum majtss vulgare. Common great Celandine. Common Celandine hath divers tender, round whitifh greene (hikes, with greater Joynts than ordinary in o-' ther herbes, as it were knees, very brittle and eafie to breake, from whence grow branches, with large tender long leaves,much divided into many parts, and each of them cut in on the edges, fet at the joynts upon both (ides of the branches, of a darkeblewifli greene colour on the upperfide, like unto Colombines,and more pale blewifh greene underneath, full of a yellow fappe or milke, when any part is btoken, of a bitter tafte and ftrong fent: at the toppes of the branches which are much divided, grow gold yellow flowers, of foure leaves apeece after which come fmall long pods, with blackifKfeede therein: the roote is fomewhat great at the head, (hooting forth divers other long rootes, and fmall fibres reddifh on the outfidc, and yellow within full of a yellow fappe a- Chelidonium majui laciniatum. Jagged Celandine. This other great Celandine groweth in all things like the former, but that the leaves are thinner, and the divi- fions flenderer, and more cut in on the edges: the flowers likewife are of the fame gold yellow colour, and con¬ fiding of foure leaves, fome what larger than the other, and are each of them cut in on the edges, as the greene leaves r r ib E.^, The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 7 0 * & l J caves are this as the other by the (hedding of the feedc, ifech againe before winter,and fo abideth flowring the next pring, and feeding in fommer. 3. Chelidenittm maximum Canadenfe arcwMv. Great Celandine of panada. 1 his flrange < clandine hath a fiefhie roote, full of a yel- owiuyce, fmelling ftrong like die ordinary,from whence rife onely three large blcwilh greene leaves, cut in after the manner of Vine leaves, without any foote ftalke under them, or with very (hort ones,from among which rife a fliort red¬ dish foote ftalke, with a white flower on fhe toppe of it like umothe flower of Sowbread. Chelidoninm mitms . Small Celandine or Pilewort. Although there is po,affinity in the forme hereof unto the former, as 1 before fayd, yetbecaufeit generally beareth the mame of the lefler Celandine, and that it is of an healing -.quality, elpecially for the piles, I thought good to joyneit i with the other for this worke, which dfe might be levered. . This fmall Celandine doth (pread many round pale greene rleaves, fee on tveake and trayling branches, which lye upon Jthe ground, and are fat. (mooth, and l'omewhat (hilling, and in fome places, though feldome, marked with blacke fpots, teach (landing, on along foote ftalke; among which rife cfmall yellow flowers, confiding of p, or ref. fmall narrow leaves, upon (lender foote (Hikes, very like untoaCrow- ; foote whereuntothe feeds alfo is not unlike, being many II fmall ones fet together upon ahead : the roote is made of many fmall kernels, like grainc of corne, fome twice as long as othet s, of a whitilh colour with fome fibres at the I end of them. There is another fort hereof, which hath as it weredoii- ble flowers, confiding of two rowes of leaves, in all other I things not differing from the former, which Comerariuf in hertij onely mentioncth, a. Chelidonium majus Uciniatum. Iioocd Ceiandinc.' i. Chelidonium majui vulgare. Common great Celandine; Flore dii* fliih .3. Chelidonium minus. Small Celandine or Pilewort. 618 Chap. 70, Tkeatrum ‘Botanicum, 4. C helidonia rotundifolia major. A greater fmall Celandine ~ ' This greater fort of the fmall Celandine,hath a fibrous roote, whereunto grow fmall round knohs • 4, '■ are round thicke and lmoth, growing ahnoft as large as Afarnm, or Afarzbacc*, fometimes a little waledX* : the edges,each (landing upon a longer foote ftalke than the former, yet lying upon the ground • the b ? uc ’ (land (everally as the others doe,upon longer foote [hikes, are of a pale yellow colour, a § nd larger than thl ^ ' ^^ g dl= of the towen 1 CUC m “ £ * ™ t0 thC “ ldd!e ° f ' them ’ “ d haVI,, S fomc rcddi ^ The Place. . The firft groweth in many places by old wall fides, and by the hedges and way fides in unfilled nlaree „ no mg onee planted m a garden,efpecially in fome flrady place.it will ft ill be found therein.thefccondis nork“ be ' where it is naturall, but is received into gardens for the varietie: the fmall fort groweth for the A ft W " e 1 the moyft cornets of fields, and places that are neere watcrlides, yet will abide in dryer groundes fo^srhefu little Ihadowed-the third in Canada as the title (heweth: the Iaft groweth in the wet grounds about c Mom^Uer The two firft forts flower all the Sommer long, and the feede tipeneth in the meane time. 4,. . flower betimes about .March, or and is quite gone in OIU r , fo at it cannot be found andU itfnn, * game- that of flow red late but gave no feede. ' “lpnnga- 7 _ The Names. T he firfl and greater is called in Greeke in Latinc Chelidomum majm , anc J Hirundin. ■ and in Latinc Chelidonium minus, and HirunLarU minor call them Chehdoma major ob minor, and tooke the name as Dioficr.de, faith, becaufe it fpringeth when' W lowescomein; and witheteth at their going away (which is true in neither, the greater whe Ktf DiJZf clncldy fpeaketh, being greene both winter and fommer, and the lefler fpringing before Swallowescome ’ and ,s gone and withered long before their departure,) Dioftoridee likewife and Pliny alfo f»Tt t oX ,ll”' name from Swallowes that cured their young ones eves, that were Wr wlrh hr™,;,!, i ? y to , oke tb « it to them : but^.andC^ fto£ hil, doe ^hafth/fonn o^ff^ ilrt Doves So? &c will recover their fight (being hurt) of themlelvesin rime, wiihout any thing alplyed unto them 4 c Tledth" rfTe TTr c yWgfable - The in fo ™ er m/aking theereekename called the rearer kindeCnl, dom-.m-, and thereupon did highly enroll the Quimeffence drawfte from it nor n™’ I}' to cupel! many difeales, but for many them idle and fantafticke tranfmuMtfons: the lefe fort S the f met names, is called Ftcnnn & Scrofhularix minor of Brnnfelf.m, of Fufchim MnlacocifTos rmnor fvhom^r' paxeth therefore, < 7 »iWi«»r and Cnttfat tooke it tobe esimellwVirqilii, aswe&ewed vo’uinrh Kv of.djne/lm or dfier. SylvaticiK calleth it 7 efiiculm feerrdoti, and islikelvto be the ZJl y V .^. ha P* Zugdunenjb. BnuhinmcMahitChelidoninrotundifolia : it is thought alfo to be the Strum™ of PEny'then \ f k H TTK :he K r u T l l : raany d0C make doabt whether this herbe be the Chelidonium mil’, of n f [corides and Gnlen, becaufe it hath not any acrimome or fharpenefle therein, as they fay is i n theirs ■ Lur vef u writers doe agree that howfoevet it hath not any acrimony, it is in forme andalUtherprolirt e the fame 1 if 4 f c yd f uT a " Sm P h:,lm « m }”° r > From the likendfe of the rootes^nto thofe^v * called Scrophule.wkch appeare m,™, r> W tonfdh,, and therefore as in many o-her the like held nowelfon cure them; the greater is called of the Italims CelidmU mwiore of the Stamards rerv, A, , , P° wer fitH to C'lidr'nh* : of the French Ckelidoirx Felon,," and ECtUire ■ of the Germ Je TJ J o 7 , S ‘ T 3nd and Schwalbenkrr.Ht: of the Vutch cJJTlcn^oTjl ^ Colder, The Vert net. helpcth^heyellow^laun^i^^theherbe^^rh 1 '^’^ 0 ^, CI ‘ etk |, tkeob ^ ^l, '^' on, wine with a few Annefeedes and drunke.- Mouhidm faith that if the "reeneherbebTw 8 tC '" g ln whltc have the yellow Iandies, fo as their bate feete may tread [hereon it hebe them nf° t ^ ill the lame manner, helpeth thofe that are inclining to the dropfie or have iAnnfirmA • ’ n 6 /” e A 0 taken it, as aifo for thofe that L troubled with the itch 8 or have^old' fo%sl^ the ju.ee thereof taken fafting, is held to bee of Angular good ufc againft the iullu f the , lr r bodle , ! ' : diflilled water alio with a little Sugar, butefpeciailv if a little oooH Tre, p k b ” C '■ P ^! lcnce ’. ancl tstlie upon the taking iayd downe to fwefte’a little Ftl^e /uie droppedTntoThe A th , Crew ' th > and clouds that darken them : but becaufe it is fomewhat flia^pe, the hardned” iuice ?4,' S r°T milke will well allay it: it is to good purpofeufedin old filthy or corroding mdcreeninovl , W ‘A a ]l “ lc bread flay their malignitie of fretting and running, and to caufe them to heaie the more v 5 ' berefoever > t0 plyed to tetters,ringwormes or other fuch like fpreading Cancers willauicklv kilfth ' mi' lc JU '^ of j!l 3 F‘ 'hem alfo s the fame rubbed often upon warts will talAtheSv Ahe he K b P “TS 3nd h f ale red with oyle of Camomill, and applyed to the Navill aW L v^^bnrh Z '' b .* herootcs b ™ f ed and hca- aZndaAeftajSuhArth^l^ ^$^^«telSSjKlSS!5RSSB5S3l3S5!^3SSftS?5^S4?*^*?? that in a tender body it caufe a„S “ in’fkmmS Zh.l iuT>h . ar T S ° r thc like I a nd if it chance taken XRIB Tbe Theater of Tlants. /HAP q\. dip Tr 1 B E 5 . 1 taken from the rootes.and put up into the nofe purgeth the head, and a dccoftion thereof with a little honey put to it and gargled in the mouth, doth the fame effeftnally, and doth purge and clenfe the bred of flegme or any other tough humors that doe offend : it alfo helpeth a running itch, and thofe nailcs of the fingers and toes that grow deformed, and fcabbed : thus farre Diofcorides and Cjalen, but it iscertaine by good experience, that the decoftion of the leaves and rootes doth wonderfully helpe the piles or hemorrhoides, as alfo kernels by the eares and throate,called the Kings Evill,or any other hard wennes or tumors. Chap. LXXI. Dentaria. Toothed Violets,or Coralworts. Here be divers forts of thefe toothed Violets, differing one from another, eyther in roote or leafe’ or both,as you fhall prefently underftand. I . Dent arm bulbifertt. Bulbc bearing toothed V iolets. This toothed Violet (liooteth forth one or two winged leaves, upon long brownifh footeflalkes, which in their riling up out of the ground, are as it were doubled or foulded dovvnewards, and then open themfelvesintofeaven leaves moft uiiially, and fometimesbut five, each whereof is fomewhat long, dented about the edges,and pointed, of a fad greene colour, andfet on both (ides of the middle ribbe one againft another 1 the ftalke that beareth flowers rifeth up in the fame manner with the leaves, and is bare or naked of leaves unto the middle thereof, where it (hooteth forth a leafe, and fo one or two more up higher, each con¬ fining but of five leaves, and fometimes but of three, having alfo the uppermoft (ingle, at each whereof com- meth’forth a fmall round Bulbe, cloven,or as it were divided into fome parts or cloves, of a fad purpliih greene colour, which being ripe and put into the ground, will grow to be a roote, and beare leaves like as the Bulbes of ared bulbed Lilliejabout which at the very toppefland foure or five flowers in long_ huskes upon fhort foote- ftalkcs, opening into foure leaves,of a purplifh colour, very like unto the flowers of Stocke Gilloflowers, or D’mes Violets; after which come fmall long homes or cods pointed at the ends, wherein lye fuch Iikefeede, as are in the cods of Dames Violets, which will as foonc as it is ripe, breakethepoddeand fall out: the roote is very white fmooth and fhining, made of divers fmall round knobbes fet together not growing downewards, but lying along, and encreafing under the upper cruft of the ground, having very few fibres thereat: the tafle both of leafe and roote is fomewhat bitter, hot and (harpe like Raddifh, as all the reft ofthefe fortsare. 2. Dentaria Pcntaphyllos. Cinquefoile Corrallwort. The firft fort of Cinquefoile Corrallwort or toothed Violet, hath like wife one or two leaves riling from the: roote, upon long footellalkes, confiding of five parts or leaves, each of them iomewhac like the former, and dented about the edges, but they are longer,rougher and harder in feeling, and more clofely fet together, riling for the molt part from one joynt, like as the Cinquefoiles doe: upon the ftalkes alfo are fome fuch like leaves, fet one above another, at the toppe foure or five luch like flowers, but fomewhat larger, of a purplifh colour, fomewhat deeper then the former which tume into fuch like pods, withthe like feedes in them, and hath no bulbes on the ftalke: the roote hereof is greater, made as it were into j'oynts not fo white as the former, and with longer fibres iffuing from betweene the j'oynts. 3. ‘Dentaria pentaphyllot altera. Another Cinquefoile Corallworr. The roote of this Corallwort is very like the firft, confifting of many round cleare white knobs but more in number, fet together by pceces, with divers long fibres growing out of it, which (liooteth forth a fmallerand lower ftalke then the former, being not above a foote high, with fome leaves fet thereon, as alfo there is fome of thofe very like the laft, but narro werjmore fmooth and gentle, of a paler greene colour alfo : the flowers that fland at the toppe like unto the others,are of a purplifh colour,after which come the like pods with feedc in them, as the reft. . 4. Dent and triphjlltts. Trefoile Corallwort, This Corrallwort fendeth forth two or three leaves confifting ol three parts onely, each whereof are rounder and fomewhat larger then the other forts, dented about the edges, and of a darke greene colour: about the middle of the ftalke that beareth flowers, the lower part being bare or naked of leaves, fland three leaves each of them Handing by it fclfe upon a ftalke, confiding of three leaves a peece, nine in all, which are narrower and longer then thofe below, and longer pointed : the flowers are of a pale greenilh colour, hanging downe their heads, after which come fuch like feede, in fome what thicker pods: the roote is compofed of fomewhat longer peeces, fet together fomewhat like unto the leffer Lungewort, which will turne blackifh when it is a little dry. ,. 5. Dent Arid Heptaphylloe, Setfoilc Corallwort. The Setfoile Corallwort rifeth likewife with two or three leaves from the roote, fet upon long footellalkes like unto the firft fort, confifting of feven leaves fet all along a middle ribbe in the lame manner, and Ionic- time but of five leaves, of a paler greene colour on the upper fide, and more grayilh underneath; the ftalke hath fome fuch like leaves thereon, but no bulbes, and the flowers at the tops are in forme like the other, buc larger,and in fome white, and in others purplifh : the cods and feedes are like the reft, but the roots hereof is not fo much parted as the former,but mote thicke and tuberous. 6 . *Dentaria angttflifoliabulbifera. Bulbed narrow leafed Corallwort. This Corallwort rifeth up with a ftaike or two, bearing long and narrow leaves dented about the edges, of fad greene colour,and pointed at the ends fomewhat like the leaves of Ptarwica #/«/?»■»,called wilde Pelletory every one (landing fingly by it felfe, and at the j'oynts therewith, come forth fuch like fcaly balcbs as are m the firft fort, but thicker and of a darke purplifh colour, but none among the flowers which grow many together, of T a i b e . 5, The Theater ofTlants . Chap.71. 621 j the fame tafhion with the othir, that is, of foure leaves i a peece, but they are of a whicilh colour, after which come long pods with fcedc like the other the : roote is white and fome what fhort, growing aflopeas the reft doe, fet together with Joynts, fomewhat clofer : an( j more even with fome fibres at it. 7. Alabaflrites five Dentaria minima. The leatt Corallwort. Although I know that this plant is referred by moft unto the Ranunculi or Crowfeet ,& fo have 1 done here before, :i yet having gained a more perfeft figure thereof, and con- fidering the ltnall likeneffe it hath with any fort of Crow- foote,and the nearer refemblance of it unto thelekindes of plants 1 have prefumed to infert it in this place for the name fake, and likeneffe of the roote, although you have the exaft defeription thereof among the Cro wfeete j: ifnder the name of Ranunculus nennrofm Mofchatdla | (ltdns. The place. The firft and the laft have beene found in our land ; the firft at Mayfield inSisfiex, in a wood called Highrcede, and in another wood there alfo called Foxholes, both of l! them belonging to one M r . Stephen Perkhurft at the wri- ; ting hereof; the reft in the (hadowie woods of Germa- .ny, Switzerland and Savoy, Tuples, Italy, and divers other places. The Time. They flower about the end of April/, and beginning or middle of CAlay, and are withered and gone before Inly for the mod part, the rootes abiding fafe under ground. The Nantes. Neither Dsofcor'utes nor Pliny, nor any.other of the an¬ cient writers, as divers have fuppofed have made any mention of thefe plants, but being found out by later fearchers are called diverfly; fome from the forme and co¬ lour of the rootes, calling them Dentaria, DentUlaria, CoraHoides, and A/ablaftrites as Lohel, and Dentaria Co. ralloii- radice,as a difference from other Dent arias ; and fome alfo thereupon tooke it to be an Actmitum, as -Da. lechampnu doth in Lugdunenfis ; fome both from the roote and the flowers, that are like unto Stocke Gil- lonowers, which were anciently comprehended under the name of Viola, called it Viola Dentaria, as Dodonaut ' fome from the effects and properties as Cordus hb.i.plantarumhiftoria cap.i 11. and Gefner in hortis, Samcttlaalba and Saxifraga montana, and laith that about Savoy they call it Tulmmaria, but Columna taketh it to bee Ceratia Plinij,ana fhewethplamely that this Dentaria,\mh all the properties that Pl.ny aferibeth unto his Ceratia . f ot Whereas Plsny faith, it hath but one leafe, fo faith Columna this hath but one fometimes, for hce maketh’thac Jeafe to bee but one that ftandeth upon one (hike, howfoever divided into 3.5.7. or more parts, as is to bee feene in the Aihtree, Quicken tree,Service and Wallnut.&c. the whole leafe fpringing forth together and fal- rng away all together.and not one peece after another, as in others thac are Angle, which is a true note how to know a winged leafe fromothers, as I ihewedyou formerly in another place. Thefirftand fixt are called Z>«- t.? r *f hulbifera, or bacctfar* becaufe they onely and none of the reft doe beare any bulbes like berries upon their ttalkcs; They arc all generally called Dentaria, and moltofthem from the number of their leaves, called cyther triphj/llos,pentapbyllos, or beptaphjfioj . but the triphyllos is alio called by L&bel Emc A pbjllos y onely the two laft differ m iome things from all the reft ; the fixt being called by Bejkm, that fet forth the great booke of Dortm £yftetenfis,‘Dentaria angufiifolia bacciftra, and Taubinus thereupon ‘Dentariabacciferafihjs Ttarmica. Cordus m hia fecond booke n 1. Chap.of his Hiftory of Plants, fetteth forth the figure thereof in my minde, but with- out any bulbes at the leaves, iinderthenameof CoraHoides alia fiecies. Cjefnerin his fcholia, at the end of thac Chapter faith that the Dentaria baceifera was called by ComeConfolida Saradnica, and judgethithimfelfea-kind of Aconite : and the laft as I have declared in thefirft divifion of the Crowfcete. The Venues* The roote of Corallwort is drying,binding and ftrcngthning.yet it helpeth to provoke Vrine.and tocxpell gra¬ vel! and the done,as fome-doe afhrme : it is exceeding good to eafe the griping paines of the tides and bowells, and for inward wounds that are made in the bread, longs and bowells, a dram of the powder of the roote taken for many dayes together, m red wine; the fame alfo given to them that arc burden, or have a rupture is verv beneficiall to be drunke in the diftilled water of the herbe, called Horfetaile . it ftayeth alfo Laskes and Fluxes thac doe not proceedeofhot and chollericke humours: the decoflionofthe herbe is good to bee applyed both to «ufe th^m^Ml'e Ae fooner 0n ^ 0 *^ ate t *' Cm ’ ^ for o!d fi!th y fores > t0 dr y U P their moyfture and thereby to 7 . 'Slabafitites five TSentaiia minima. Theleali Corallwort. ChavI 'Thtatrum Botanicum , 622 Chap. 72, Trib e 5. Chap. LXXII. Lmcoium. Stocke Gilloflowers. Have in my former booke the wed you many forts of Stocke (Billoflowers, there yet doe remaine ■ ||s£>y divers others which are of lefle beauty and durabilitie to be entreated of here, as I there promifed. ||S^ And becaufe the word Zfwaww in Latine, is referred as well to thefe Stocke Gilloflowers, as to i l ^ c Wallflowers with this diftinftion of Luteum onely. I will alfo diftinguifh and feparate them, entreating in the next Chapter ofthofe that beare yellow flowers and greene leaves, which is the diftinftion betweene a Wallflower and a Gilloflower, yet I will here give you the figure of the Angle garden Stocke Gilloflowers. * 1. Leucoium mttritum maximum. The greateft Sea Stocke Giflowflower, This Sea Stocke Gilloflower hath divers long thicke whitiftifoft leaves, lying upon the ground one within another in a round compafle, and are differ then the other Sea kinds, or the garden kinds formerly fet forth, jagged alfo or cut in on both fidcs evenly, into deepe dents like the knagges of a Bucks home, which make it feeme the more beautifull: thus it doth abide for the firft yeares growing, but the next yeare it bearcth a hoa¬ ry white ftalke, three foote high or thereabouts, branching forth into many parts, fomewhat thicke but weakc, fcarfe able to Hand upright,whereon grow narrower leaves little or nothing jagged about the edges,and a num¬ ber of flowers at the toppes one above another, for a great length each of them confifting of fourc broad poin¬ ted leaves a peece, but not altogether fo fweete as the other Stocke Gilloflowers, yet fomewhat larger, and of a pale blewilh purple colour, almoft like unto a Dove or Crane colour, after which come fuch like long pods as the reft have, with feedes lying in a double row in the fame manner, larger and of a darker colour: the roote is white hard and long,fprcading into many branches, which abidetb not after it hath ycelded feede, but perifh- eth as the other Sea kindes doe. 2. Leucoium marinum lAtifolium. Broad leafed Sea Stocke Gilloflower. This Sea Stocke Gilloflower hath many hoary leaves lying about the roote, fhorter and broader then the other Sea kindes,harder alfo in feeling, and as it were rugged, more hairy and finely dented about the edges: from among which rife up divers round hairy ftalkes about a foote high, bearing purplifli blew flowers like the other, and fmall long pods with browmfh flat feede in them. 3 . Leucoium marinum majw. Great Sea Stocke Gilloflower. This Greater Sea Stocke Gilloflower hath divers long thicke hoary leaves lying on the ground for the firft yeare; fome of them being cut in on the one edge and fome on both, with but one gafh and lome not at all: the ftalke rifeth up the next yeare about a foote high,or more fpread itno divers branches, yet all of them weake, and rather bending downewards then Handing upright, whereon grow leaves little or nothing parted or cut in, and divers flowers on the toppes of them, of a pale purple colour, drawing neare to the colour of red wine lees j both Leucoium aBurn-vet purpareum. Ordinary Stocke Gill©ilowcrs white red or purple, The greateft Sea ftocke Gillofiovrer. *• Leucoium marimm maximum. this both this and the next fmell fweeter after the Sunni is downe,then in the day time: the cods that follow arc long and fomewhatflat, with reddifh flat feede in them, the roote is divided into many parts. 4. Leucoinmmarinum minus. The lefler Sea Stock Gilloflowcr. This lefler kinde hath more uprightftalkes; divided from the bottome into many branches, whereon grow fofc woolly leaves, (mailer, narrower, and lefler jagged than the former: the flowers that (land at the toppe of the branches, are fmaller than the other, but made of foure leaves like the reft, of afrefh red orcrimfon colour, which upon their fading feeme to be of a deeper colour, and of a weaker fent than the other; in their places come long pods wherein arc conteined the like red feede: the roote is wooddy like the other, and pe¬ ri (heth after feede time. Leucoium marinum minimum. The fmalleft (ea Stockgilloflower. The Ieaft Sea ftock Gillofiowcr,hatha brownifli fquare ftalke,not above two inches high, fet with five or fixe fmall and fomewhat long round pointed hoary and hayrie leaves, on both (ides thereof, bearing at the toppe one or two blewifti flowers; whofefooteftalkes are hayrie al(o: the roote is fmall and threddy, with five or fixe very fmall and fomewhat round pale greens leaves, lying about it, for the firft yeares inercafe, and flowreth the next. 6 . Leveejum marinum Creticum majus. The greater Candy Stocke Gillofiower. The greater Candy Stocke Gilloflowcr, hath around wcake ftalke,branched into many parts, whereon are fee divers long and narrow leaves fomewhat thicke and hoary, without sny dents or divifions on the edges, or with very few, and tat their toppes many flowers cluftring together, as it were in tufts, confiding of foure leaves a. pcece, whofe ends are cut in fomewhat deeper than others are, making t'ncend feeme like unto a heart, as it is ufually exprefled, fomewhat reddifh upon the firft opening, but of a blewifh purple when they are full blowen, the bottomes of them being yelloWj pointed up like a ftarre: the cods that follow are about two inches long, and round, contcining within them, fomewhat long and browne feede. 7. Leucoium Creticum minus. The lefler C*ndy Stocke Gilloflowcr. This lefler Candy kind is like the former Candy (qrt in the growing and leaves, but that it is lefler in both; the flowers alfo arc not above hilfe fo great, being fully white at their firft blowing, and gathering afterwards a lit¬ tle purplifh colour upon them, yet fo as the whitencfleappearethftill. 8, LeuccivmCreticum oblongisfoliis crenatja. Long leafed Candy Stecke Gilloflowcr. This third Candy kinde hath’longer leaves, than either of the two laft, plainely dented about the edges, from among which arifeth a round ftalke, not halfe a foote high, fending forth diver(e branches ftoredwith as fmall flowers as the laft, but of a deeper blewifh purple colour, than the firft Candy kind. 5? Leucoium Creticum marinum Cmruleum. The blue Candy Stocke Gilloflowcr. This fmall Candy kinde hath many fmall greene hayrie and ftrakedftalkes^otmuch above an hand breadth Ijigh, having for the molt part, two or three whitifhfo ft greene leaves, fet together at a place, and fomealfo (landing flngly, each of them being fomewhat like the other Stocke Gillofiower, but round and broad at the ends. 624 Chap. 72. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe v ends, with long foote (hikes under them : the toppes of the ftalkes arc parted into (mail branches, each whereof fultaine fundryimall flowers, fomewhar long, made of foure leaves a peece, of a faire blue colour after whi h : come fmall blackifhfeede in long cods like the other.the roote is (mail and fender perifliing tea' elv after ferde I time, ytt abideth a winter Iron, the feed., but iowen in the fpring groweth quickly to flowring and fo C onn'~, rueth in flower molt part of the Summer. You have a branch hereof exprefled in the table with Lencoium /«", teum utricHlato Jemine in the next Chapter. * 10. Leucoium faxAtile Thymifolio. Small Rocke Stocke Gilloflower. TheRocke Stocke Gilloflower for the beauty o( the flowers is not unfitly placed heie among this Tribe which elfe for other refpeffs might more truly in my judgement be put in that CUffis of the 7 hbfbut, asthedeferimf on (hcweth)is a (mail low plant.having hairy fmall leaves like unto thofe of time; fee very th'cke on bothfidp"* of the weake ftalkes, which doe lye in fuch a round ccmpafle that it feemeth like a fmall round bufli of an cvill or (linking fent,but fharpe biting tafte,comming nearer to the degree of a Tklafpi then Leucoium, as C, lumna (1 i h hmifclfe, who fetteth it forth : it beareth fmall flowers plentifully on the toppes of the ftalkes and branches f i a blevvifh purple colour, the middle part being of a whiciflr yellow with divers (mall threds Handing in the midft 1 i ne r/ace. The firft was brought out of the Ifle of Rce by Rochel by M r . loin Tradefcant when the Duke of Buckingham was fent with fupplies for Mounfieur Subife ; the fecondgrowes by the Sea fide, as the third and fourth about the Sea coalts m Narbone not farre from ^e//Vr,andonthe coall of PortugalUn&Spaine beyond the Straights • thefift nearetheSeatt 7 >mzc 7 #*; the three firft Candy kinds Clufm faith hee received from Cafabon having brought them out of Candy : the ninth ‘Bauhinw faith was brought out of Signor Contareni of Venice his Garden but Alpinv.i faith (rom fondy, ce nth Column a found on the hills Valvenfes in ^ap/es . ’ The Time. They doe all flower in the Summer moneths of Iuue and July for a great while, and the feede rineneth nor until! Atigujt . f 11111 but is impofed upon thefe plants, as the proper names to them ; for fa ‘TiofcoSides divideth them into (overall places and Chapters,from the whitneifeof the leaves rather then ofrhe flower as I thin ko and yet the name Leucomm is fovanoufly transferred to other plants in Diofcmde, text, that the Powers nf nl.lf herbes much differing one from another, are referred by Lfcorides ,o the flow™dW ZdloZZ faith, that the name ol Violets in his rime w ere given to very many flowers, that were put into garlands for the" beauties fake and fwcete favour of the flower, cuftome preva ms above reafnn vra mam; nrber^; , • u like manner, have followed them and called them Violets, as Viola Lfuma/ceuZorZdZtrouu/^ wbidTarc cur Dames Violets or Winter Gilloflowers,& thofe in he firft hath thc na[re in the reft for it in my judgement. The fecond Arfe/calleth Leucoium marmum *[,„«„ Utifol.um. Camcrarim Leu. C ZrZ l Tt“i-™ i t lh it for Tripoli ,and Tuuhium Leucoium murmum Utifolium anadoubteth whether it be not the Leucoium marittmum minus of Lnvdunenfis ujliirh o C ^ i,;.u r orri _„ J i * be Hefieru. The third and fourth ar cClufiu, his LeucoiumZi„, m tiltlllTZ I “ ZZ C Z the ‘ n >“'-r lIet , h V m ~ ’f f T m and the fift Al^ e ondy mention^' Z namC,n Z m 'l ! nd u gl l th C4, / !W callcth ,Leucoi„ m marmum Creucum primZfi. TutnV Vi ' ™ m " th :hlnk .eth robe that Leucoium Creticum p.lcherimumfoni LeJoinm cllu- Uum Deofcorides^t Tom mentioneth ,n his defer,pt,on of Mount Bridw, and calletb it himfelfe Leucoium Cue. ncummimmum folufubrotmio and after a fort defenbeth it in his Prodrome ,and peradventure may be his fin fort there defer,bed likewifa, for I finde little difference the one from the other: hut Alpiuue libro IplamlcZ defenbeth it more perfectly and exacftly, and callcth it Leucoium earulcum marmum. The left C»L« hath fet forthby thename of LithoreoLeucnummmmumfupwum^nd Tauhium Leucoiumfaxatile thymifoliohirfutum caruleopurpureum. but might as I fayd be rather accounted a Thlajpi. ] 1 The Vertues. Thefe wilde or Sea Stocke Gilloflowers are of the fame qualitie with diofenfthe uarAr-r, ,u . not of fo fweete a lent, and are almoft efteemed as effeftuall as the ordinarv vllhJ leucoium Zr w Vn^ "* for fo is Galen, /ndnement of the m all,faying they are of a clenfin*quali^andnfXnnJ Gilloflowers (for under them I comprehend the vertues of thefe alfo as T ^ pU p V V| 31 j rP ' t0C ^ rather then the frefh and greene boyled in wine and drunke doth reftifie the inriT^ fr' C Zh T ■ ^ ed ^°'Y els ’ Provoked, womens courfes.as alio helpeth the hatdnefl'e °( he v L ‘ ve J “ d F. e “ cs > afterbirth,and the dead child alfo,yea and the living alfo faith cZ if thet Zu l l T Z rCC0 " d,n L e “ C made for them to (it in doth the (fme,-& the feed ofth ) e dmnk worked in h ’lf e W ™ V‘ T f IC ^ J r bath be drunke twife a day, ir will helpe to lire ngthen and reftore ™ Missis clenfe them from the miffs and clouds, that feeme to hinder the fight ’ and farhfon PP 1' ^ T' d ° th flowers. Frire. 5 » < tbe < fheater of'Plants. Chap. 73 . 625 lowers, and Come honey put toit,andalittleallome, and is found good for ulcers and fores therein, as alfoall ither old and filthy ulcers: boyled alfo in Vinegar and applyed warme upon the place pained by the ffioute, iveth a"reatdcaleof eale.asalfo to the joyntsand finewes that have weakeneffe and paines, or are troubled vith hard tumours, fwclliugs, or inflammations. Chap. LXXIII. Keirifive Leucoium luteum. Wallflowers, Have in my former booke, (hewed you all or mod of t'nofe Wall-flowrts that carrying beautifuli flowers are received as the delights and ornaments of a garden of Fleafure. I there alfo declared that there were fome other, of nofuchbeauty, or Cent fit tor that place, and therefore to be referred to this, as (hall be now (hewed you. 1, Keirifive Leucoium montunum luteum. The Mountaine Wall-flower. The Mountaine Wallflower rifeth up with divers upright, flrong, and wooddy Italkes, as high as any man ifometimes, befet with many fhort greene pointed leaves, dented about the edges: the flowers are lingle, but ■larger than ofthc ordinary lort, and-of a faire yellow colour, confiding of fonre leaves, fmelling very fweetc dike them, the long pods that containereddilh feede, are fomewbat (tenderer than the other: tberoote is wood- Liy di(per(cd under the ground into branches,and endureth long efpecially in the warmer Countries, wherethe jfrofts are not fo extreame, as they are with us. 2. Keirifieti Leucoium fylvefire Clujii. Wild Wallflowers of Clufisu. This wild Wallflower, hath fometimes many, and fometimes but one head of long narrow greene leaves. Hying on th? ground about theroote.fomewhatlikeunto the ordinary Wallflower, but a little waved or fpa- ringTy dented about the edges, which fo abide the firftyeare for the moft part; yet fome the yeareof their firfl fpringing will fend forth a ftalke or two, of about a yard high, with many fuch like leaves fet thereon, as grew .(below, but fmaller and with fe w or no dents on the edges at all: the flowers are many that Hand cluftring to¬ gether, as it were in an umbel, (and not in a long fpike, as the ordinary Wallflower doth at the toppes ) confi- i fling of feure leaves a peece, not altogether fo large as the Wall-flower; nor of luch a yellow colour of little or ■no lent at all : after which come long flender pods, with flattifh feede in them like the other: therooteis long and (ingle, with divers fibres thereat, and perilheth after feede time. 5. Leucoium luteum Eruce folio. Wallflowers with jagged leaves. This kind of Wallflower, hath his lower leaves much more and deeplier jagged on the edges, (alraoftliks IQ it j five Leucoium vulgare luteum vel album. The ordinary yellow Wallflower or the white. a- iQeiri feu Leucoium fylvefire ClufU. Wilde Wallflowers if Clufiut. Theatrum Botanicum. * thofe of Rocket, or of the wilde Poppie) than thofe npon the ftalke, yet all of them very long gteene andfhr, '* 5 the ftalke which is round and fomcwhat hayrie, about two fo^te high, and fomewhaM- inv vcllow flowers, like the rnmmnn ■ W ^ a t andfomewhat hayrie ; u 1 w l . tB v„ ul v. 1 io. U u. 1 uaiiuiuiiitwu« nayne* aoouttworoote nign, andl branched, bcareth many yellow flowers, like the common Wallflower, but fet more clofely together, asitwrr* man umbel , and of the fmell of new Waxe: but afterwards doe more feparate a funder, when itbcarethrhe long pods like unto the other ; the whole plant hath a fharpe quicke tafte. n Leucoium Creticum lutcum mriculato femme. Candy Wallflowers with roundilh pods.' Fromafmall Wooddyroote divided into fundry branches, rife updivers wooddy (hikes, about afootehiuh 1 branching forth and fee at feverall places, with many fmall whitifh greene leaves fet together, leflerthan thofe ; of the ordinary fort, harder in handling and fet with fharpe haires: the flowers are yellow at the toppes of the branches made of foure round pointed leaves a peece ufually, but fometimes with foure or fixe, after which come yellow, fi, round,fh pods, conteining many whitifh feedcs, like unto the ordinary but broader and greater this abideth with fomc leaves greene above ground in the winter, not perifhing as many others doe. ’ The 'place. The flrfl Pona hath fet forth, in the dclcripcion of Mount Paldtu, inhia Italian Edition, but not in the Latine, found growing there : the fecond groweth in Germany, in many places, as Gefner, Tragus, Camertcriw, and Clttfiw make mention: and in Spain ? alfo, for from thence hath the feedes thereof beene brought to me; the third Columna faith groweth in the vallies of the Compact arc hils \n Na¬ ples : the fourth in Candy, 4. Lmcotum CrelicHm lutcum utriculalo f mine & Martnum Creticum aeruleum. Yellow Scocke Gilloflowers with round heads* and the lcaftC Seti. K'°y , ' t ^ vc ^P ro SleS^hiSSmtMo^thiSe'/lerm > m/iomErl}etS‘ C cl]lethLj' r ' l ^ U ‘ fylveftre tr.odorumflorefltvopallidore, as alfo the Leucoium fylveftreni r/„r it u „ C Ca et ^ L f^ co ' llm them two feverall plants, calling the one LeZum ™ ke fyhefireaugust.folium . the third Columna calleth LeucoiudterTdeZTJZ'i t the other /««,«»luteum feho: the fourth is onely found extant in Alpinue deplantitZoZSy’tZZZZZ'’’™“ t ‘ um y rt f C£ GeetLViolcn, and Winter Yiolen : th e'Dutch Steen Vio/eren: we in Entlith Wall w II Zua Winter Gilloflowers,and fome Bellflowers, and yellow StockeGillfflow^s. S * W Glllo(,8wcts >- 'hOurhOm^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^'hindes^er^expre^ed^do^c'omef htteum.which former Chapter ; £hi feh booke nf flmn.^ "“J * 1the pU J pof « that are in the ln nis Icvcnth b00ke of W 1 * rnedeemes, that the yellow Leucoium doth worke workemore powerfully than any of the other kindes, and therefore of moreul'e in Phificke: it clenfeththe iblood andfreeth the Liver and reines from obftruftions, provoketh womens copries, expelleth the fecon- dineand dead child, helpeth the hardneffe and paines of the mother, and of the Iplt ene alfo : ffayeth inflam- i mations and fwellings, comforteth and (frengthneth any weake part, or out of j'oynt, helpeth to clenfe the eyes from miftineffe and hlmes growing on them, andtoclenle foule and filthy ulcers, in the mouth or any other part, and is a linguler remedy for the Goute, and all aches and paines in the ;oynts and finewes. Chap. LXXIIII. HelfcrUfweViolciUfytfitrcruilti* Dames Violets. Have in my former booke fet forth two forts of Dames V io!ets,both of them with fingle flowers, but the Prelfe had fcarfe palled that Chapter, where I mentioned them, but I did underftand of two others, with double flowers, theone that wasfent me from Parti, and yet was in England Iona before, as Iunderftood afterwards, although I heard not of it; and another likewife nurfed up with the other, in the Weft parts of our Land, which I meane to declare unto you here, fand may be transferred to the other fingle ones, when that booke lhall be reprinted) together with fome other forts hereof. I. Hlfpertifive Viola CAUtronalti pre albo-fleno. Double white Dames Vlolets. The double white Darnels Violets growethnotfo great in any part thereof, nor lo high as the (ingle doth, i except in the flowers, which being very thicke of leaves, of a pure white colour, and many handing in a duller, fweetcr alfo than the ordinary, and longer abiding, cauleth it to be had in fomeefteeme; it hathfomewhat leffer leaves of afrelher greene colour, little or nothing flipped about theedges, and more tender; but the branches grow more plcntifull, and more eafie to be flipped and tranfplanted, than the fingle kinde, but giveth no feeds, as many other plants doe, that carry double flowers, and is more tender to be kept in the Win¬ ter. 2. Hcfpertipro plenaparpHrante. Double purple Dames Violets. This other double Dames Violets differeth not much in any thing from the former, but in the colour of the flowers which in this is of a fine pale purplifh colour, and not fully fo double as the others, nor fo many cluftring together, Heltcrh MtUncholict. Bifleris Syrian camrtril & The Melancholy Gentleman, Wyg'i * /"*/>“» t ‘"™>. 4 Dames Violets ot Syria, and the lmall white flowed Dames Violets. 628 C hap. 74, Tbeatrum \Botanicum. ___ _ 1 R I B E. j This Herperu isfo iike K u™ thioX^yS'in " ' rcncc found between? themthis onely hath no fent at all, neither mornife nn£ ’ ^ &: T ? be 1,0 di ®- ! to commend it, which maketh it to be a differing lort from the red • and fom- h g j nClth r day ' nor n ’ght,: hereof, (which is likely to be but a degeneration ofthefame) that beareth g^eenifh flowers' 0 ^” ^*^ crent P or * 1 4 ' Htfptrtsfjlvrflrisfolio fenuato. Wilde Dames Violert; unVh .. * This Dames Violet fendeth forth an hairy, rough!crefteip!de^ JeenefiaZ nf 1 u- top into divers branches, with leaves let thereon from the boKomf .which are thicke° roughT d I • Pa " ed at thc and longer then the other, and waved about the edges, the lowed havinJf^nn gb ’ ^ d L hairy) narr °wer but dand dole to the dalke : the flowers are “ law and Zfidof ( ! S f ? otefia kea - a " d 'hole above none, dn e,an L ^^l^th pretty fwcete.lfo, butof a deeper red^colonr^tl^n 0 they uhefc'ads'wfrh 1 ! m j nn . er tkat *hS like ,heother and pendi after feede time modufually, yetfometimes abiding a 1+/ u with ieede m themare ^“ol^. befainderedfr ° mbeJringCOOma ^ b ™’ £hes and fl ™ers, b/cuttingSdowneLefte £j v- ">«■ •fa&ttfiissffis&cx&s ass- d “? and deepelier cut in or dented on the edgesit hath a (talke about halfea yard W'hT°” h*7’ kffe rou S h a,fo wu.v„yfma l.wersthe.ou.ofa^idicmour, ^ H*"* of the leaves of the flower of the ord,nary ; the pods that follow are long but much fmaller h §S " th ' n 0ne Thu„ ra ‘i torne but crumpled a nd dented all about the edges, a little rou-h hairv and urnnll^'^'c 1S 4 lttie P arrEd ot the ftalke nfeth up the next yeare after the fird Iprincing about a yard high" branchfnpfcmh™ 1 !^ m ° rc whi!c! dry long (pikes, full of very fmall white flowers no bigger then the lad conflflino off f f thc t0 P int0 fun * afterwards yeeld very many and very long (lender flat pods like the Stocke GilldW“ re ' eaves a P«*e, which f f ial ' er > w,th ' cr y darke br owne flat feedes therein on both Tides like the LeuceiZ ,p downe . but the Hr/jien, m the greene: leaves, and with the Leucoiumm the flat pods and dtede-rhr ° ' ba - “ P artaketh with white and wooddy periling yearely after it hath borne feede thc flowers have r00tei * not vcr y long but' the leaves have a little hot and drying tafle. Ihavc given vou onelv a Irafe he ltte , or n °f e nt in them; but ofth zK'fferis SyUca. = »vc given you onely a leate hereof, and a few flowers at thcfide, Became both the Lemoium Sjriacum and MeUnckoTmmpat I have for forsh • there call them, partake more with this HefperU then with Leucoium in th ? Ca ^P ln m y ot l ,er booke, as I White like them; and in that the feede in t^ds^ ar W, andno: Y have given you here the figure theieof, and with the Sirivam „ , , “““S^Wnd likeffc- I might have multiplyed the forts of Hi#rr,V unto you as doth if I fl ° W ? rS oft,lc ]afi: jWofC./«™Jto be of a different fortf- m ^ Ia °mak e th that doubtedly is the fame, and the ffeiferht Syriaca or Leucoium Syriacum of r tke AMmchohum, whichun- Leiecoium MeUncholittm alfo,which certainely alfo are differing Dlanrs ’and C cr ‘P'™r and Clefmi to bee the have acknowledged, if ever he had feene both the phnts 8 P ’ " d eVU1 *“*"* would fo The firft was as I fayd before font mefird out of Tretnce^Zb.rb ■ 1, j, alfo by the liberaiitie of Mr.Dr .Anthony Sadler a Phyfitian in Eretrr J b , a , d b ° t! ] K a g 21n c and the fecond who both affirmed unto me for certaine.that the whiteone " C ° the c ' der /^ an Apothecary there the purple alfo although not fo plentiful!, before my booke cTmeTortli n buT ffom^whe 08 ^ ^ pa*rts, amf came is not knowne: the third as Clufim faith groweth in the ’< l • w "f nce t,IE origma.ll of them that are neare Vienna in Auftria : the fourth groweth „ S ; k n V thc „ VI " eyards at t,]e f° 0 w of the bills places in Troevr.ee that are moyftned with fprings : the lift alfo neaTc r f lateth ic ' atn °ng the ffony aid . r , , The Names , 1 here is tome doubt among many learned, whether rhk Uinia 7u,, t■ . . ftiould be the Hefperii of Yheophrafiw, inhisfixtBook•” Latine » therem that there can beno more learned out of him, then that it fmelleth ZJrl, -"S’ bec5l,rc be ,sf °briefe then in the day time, even as feme of thefc and the ordinary fort doth n Ir c" f, he morn:n S aild evening and 7. Chapter,and thereof tooke the name I™ a °.Bookl and taken to be Leucomm of rufahm-.GefneTfDoion/etu and LuodmenRs rail and F ' cr f' ca Htrmolai, Damafcena. Somealfocall hVioUhybern*,fivehyemaUe, and'fome Well l ^rl X ^ alro "* lu > and LahdVioU called Htfperu jla-eplemttlht, and prep/empurpiirante : the third here is rh ft'Tff**' and fecond are other two are mentioned by Brnbirtm, the former by the name of Heflerv °/ C M‘ m . and the other Hesfer* fjflveftrUPre pane, to the lad I have given the title asfs fitt^ - 'fbTp^T H,erati ’> the ?‘T a ‘ W V, t‘ U d ‘ T,Ane! ’ Gir °fl ee dl Girope de DaZlrbrGe ' h ^ , them V,dc,,c * Wallflowers alfo in the lad Chaprer, the Dutch?>l/moe m en■ we ffi£»/,Tn WMe rf ? en,vs ^ doethe ^ ,°f,' w^r eeneS Gdlofl nwers, Winter Gilloflowers, alfo of fomeZeues f t fl 3mes V /°' ets ? and Damaskc in the Wed parts of this Ifland, from whence I had the double kSas I^ ^'^ \ vhy 1 know noc! Scmey.and thefinglc dole Scineyabuc Gerard faith clofe Sciences. ^ ^ en ^ orrriCC, i tIlc y call it double they maybe ^e/thm^Tng^Sn^Swbc'llfo in proMnie^f" h ^ d t , hercforc Dod °” em thinketh 7ery effcftuall to procure fweating. cbfm further addeth.hatlt have (r R I BE.5. The theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 75’ ^ 2 9 ,ave a coughorare fhort winded: it is alfo of a cutting quality for tough flegme, of adigefting property for aw and undigefted humours, and of a clenfing nature for fouleand hlthy Cankers,Vlcers and fores, eyther in¬ wardly in the mouth.cr outwardly in any part of the body. C HAP. L'XXV. Lychnie. Campions. KgKSHHave given you a dofen forts of Campions in my former booke which are all dclightfome and ^ 7 »> 4 p| ea p ant plants fit for that worke, being ACarden ofPlealure : there are many other forts to bee entreated of which fhallbe here exhibited, even to the leaf! fort which is like MofTeupon the ground, that fo you may underftand all the varieties that nature hath fnewed us, and becaufe two forts with double flowers,are come to our knowledge fince the publication of my booke, which elle fhould have beenc therein inferted and may bee at the next Edition. I will begin with them firfi in this Chapter, and addeunto them a fmaller’fort of Angle not there exprefled, and of the reft in the other following, yet give you the Figure of the Angle kinde and declare the properties, . I. Lychnu Coronartaflore albofleno. Double white Role C ampions. r The double white Rofe t ampion hath not altogether fo woolly white leaves, as the other Role Campions have but are a little greener and fmaller, the flowers grow upon the branches of the ftalke in the fame manner but rife not ufuallyfo high as the double Red, fet in whitifh cornered huskes, and confiding of two or three irowes of leaves in the fame manner; this is a little more tender to keepe then the double Red, and defireth more .(hadow and moy ^ Eychnie Ckalcce/omcaflore allaplem. Double white Nonefuch. This double Nonefuch is fo like unto the other double Red, for the forme of the leaves and manner of grow¬ ing as that there is hardly any difference difeerned before it come to flower, yet the leaves feeme tobeea little 1 ftefher greene : the ftalke rifeth not fo high, and the flower it felfe is not fo large as the double red and is of a pale whitifh co ^ m i„ or ^ m pl ex _ The leffer Angle Nonefuch or flower ofBriftow. The lelfer kinde rifeth not fo high as the other fort by the halfe,neither is thcftalke fo great having butafew leaves fet thereon by couples like the other: the flowers that ftand at the toppe likewife are fewer but of the colour the roote is imall and fibrous and perilheth every ycare. 7 he Place. Thefe are onely nonrfed up in Gardens with us, and their naturall places are not knowne. TheTime. They both flower at the time of their other kinds. The Names. It is called in Grecke xv'xw (Lychnis, from i. Lucerne.) and «Ellychnium quttf, lucerne funicu* Lychnis Coronaria vulgaris. Ordinary RdfeCampion, Lychnis Cbilccdonica vulgaris. The ordinary Nonefuch or flower of Brifiow . Hhh * 630 Chap. 76. Theatrum Botanicum , T r 1 b e 15. ^^mWhereof tooke rhenamc, tor in the'te^W^hey ulcdthe leaves of the Campion's,*! of many other ■ plants in their lampes mftead of the week to burne. The (ingle kind is called alio by divers ether namft L CihZ£\ak ' GemCUUru ’ and Cor}ml,c of ColHmeUll > in his tentl >b°ohe,as Rucllim thinketh,where Columella ! fcK* Mfmv&tcu/bimmicACwymhc. Vnleffe heunderftandErambethereby. The Greeks alfo called it e-io^iQ^e.mmortaius^noddmnns vennfiatem f«am re,intend fonieV«rra but nor Z °I r °^.which ,s a venemous plant as I have (hewed before ; in Latine moft ufually they call it Lick* ? , f.V? C ° rm “ na and (■ ca, ' eth K Vnbtfcum momAHum. Some have taken this to be the ofThecphraJlsts in his fixt booke and feventh Chap, but that cannot be, for he reckoneth both Lych*u, and Diofan , am ™ g the flo 7 ers! { °™ to be his FUmcna, but hce mentioneth that alfo in the LZl . pUce and cannot be both one herbe. tliny in his s,. booke and fourth Chap, faith they called an herbe R which the Oreekes called Lychnu, and in the n. Chap, of the fame 2 t. booke he nameth Lye, visit, Theopbelfo, , doth among the Summer flowers: the Garden kind therefore as fitted for the ufes aforefaid is held bv the II ! judicious in thefe times to be the true Ik 4»» of Theophrafim and Diofcoride ,: the Italians call the Lychnis fa iva Lythnuie ortolan.,, and the wilde Lychntdefylveftre , the f rcc/s, OeilletDien for the Garden kind,and odtTl ■vsgefm the Wilde : the C/ermam call the manured fort FrawwenrofJin (JHarienrof^lin, and HtmmelroHlm R,. is to fay ,DominaramRoUMartanaRofaCAlt Jf^,and C^fies: they call the wildc kind MargenrofaiU nd wi d ^l?r£*nrofz,lm,ihc DrtrchciU the Garden kinde Chrifiw ceghen, and the wild Iennettekins, and wee in lS Role Campions thofe of the Garden and the other wilde Campions, as you fhall heare in the next Chapter The other Campion (as well the (ingle as double kindes) is called Lychnis By^antina, Chalcedonies Gentian,LI, and >er-,iho alfo calleth it OciLidespereoJ’I wAflesConflannnopohtanm of Label Lngdunenfi ,, an d others: wee in Engl,ft, ufually call it Nonefuch PidwrrTf Rn/we and flower of Ce»/a«, M p/e. It is thought by fome to be Strath,„m or Lunar,a which thce^Zl f call Cond,fi becaufe it w.l make water to lather like fopt, and denfe fuel, doathes as are wS inhfZrZ notwithftandmg that quality (which is alfo given to Saponaria, and thereby alfo thought to bee Struthium Hr agteeth not with the defer ptions of Thcophrajlm and Pliny (for Diofcoride, del'cribeth it not) which as thev (av s a thorny p.ant bearing leaves like unto an Olive, and hath a great roote, none of all which this plant harf/anX therefore cannot be it. Somelikewife thinkeit to bee Pathos of Theophrafim j n the lame fixt Booke afno Chapter,Whtcb Athens agreeing with him faith isoftwoforts, theln 'Hyacinth !jS Se other & J 'n‘ \ nd VCry wdla S rcc with ^ fcver.Il colours of theflowers hereof o^Flo^ah^ Cort is very hkc to be the Flos cocci ness oUngdanenfis, and the OcMespereoZZZZ' Zl i f \ G 'f‘ er ™ h ° r ‘“, and not the Mnfcipstla Lobeliy or Lychnis Mveflris primacZi as Bmhtnus maketh the doubt.for Cjefncr there faith, that the letter fort endureth long and h{th ftwe/flowers ^ , . The Venues. ’• the cid°en C r a ,h P L° nS r re r /‘“n “f e Ph . yi * ke now adaycs with us > being chiefly tifed as flowers, fit to decke r Z ( r’ uu '5 at tbe ftede lhereof is hot in or third degreed and drvin Re C H 4 P. LXXVI. Lychnis fyheftris. Wilde Campions. UtM E cau f , fel b a « many forts of Lychnide, fyhejlres, wilde Campions to declare unto you: I thinke it the $ « r e a nv nd rb!r : r o ‘hn^ 0dlCa ^ Way ’ '^“ngn'fh then, intofeverallChapters, and emteate of them fe- f nr ^’e^ r 1 both my writing and your reading be not confounded nor they with it. I meane there- • n f £ l “treatein this Chapter of thefe wilde forts that beare rough leaves and (hikes, and crow hinh- in the next of thofe that are glutinous and clammy; and laftly of thofe that^yther bend or lye downevMrdfto the ground, or cteepe thereon, and of thofe that are fmall.or that ate like Mode upon the ground T . ... _ .1. Lychnis fylvejfris fltre albo. White wilde Campions. The white wdde Campmnhuth many long and fomewhat broad darkegreene leaves lying upon ibe nrnmid with diversnbbes therein fomewhat like unto Ribwort Plantaine, but fomewbat hany S bro P ader and nor fn long : the hairy ffalkes rife up in the middle of them, three or foure foote high, or fometfmesmore with divers great white joynts at feverall places thereon, andtwofuch like leaves thereat up to tbe toPDe frrdncrfnrrh branches«the feverall joynts alfo s all which beate on feverall footeflalkelwh,“? flowers at the totes of t£m Tlx rcA -1J ^ 2. Lyehms fjhefirii florerubro. Red wild Campions. /. 1 # f ie r < T ^ lIde Cam P 1 f >n groweth in the lame manner as the other, but his leaves are not fo plainelv ribbed fomewhat (hotter,rounder,andtnorefoftor woolly in handling : the flowers areof tL fame foJme and big’ "he ff /agged n ieaves°feem P e a ^to if ° thcrS 3 rcdd ,n ’ colo . ur > cur >n a t the ends, mci e finely, which makefh tnc jaggea leaves leeme to bee more in number than the other: tbe feede is like, and fb is the lootealfn- the rootes ot both thefe forts doe not perifh after feede time, but abide many yeares, 3, Lyebnit Ch A P. ‘Theatrum 'Botariicum. Tr I B E.^ ii® 1 ' ■; : ill 1 |;i 3 • Lychnis fylveflrjs rubra minor. The Iefler red wild Campion, The icffer red wild Campion, is very like the former red fort, but fmaller, and lower, yet very much bran* i ched, and with darker greene leaves: the flowers arereddifti, but fmaller, and not fo much dentedin at the : ends: the huskesand feede,are like the other,but fmaller,and the roote perifheth after feedetime. 4. LychniffjlvefirUcaliculuftriatu. Wild Campions with Braked huskes. This wild Campion rifeth up with a round joynted ftalke, with two greene leaves a peece at them, narrower and fmaller pointed then thofe before, and branched, bearing fmall flowers of a (ullen reddifh colour, parted at t C Cn *? S> ^ an< ^ n § * n * ar S e h .ard skinnie huskes, ft riped or ftraked with white and greene, the feede is more gray 1 than the other: the roote is fmall, growing downe right, with a few fibres thereat, andperifhech every ] 5. LychnUfjlveftris alba minor, five Ocimoides minus album. The fmaller _ white wild Campion. The fmaller white Campion, is fomewhat like unto the firft wild Campion, but that his greene leaves, have : as it were no ftalkes, and are not fo full of veines or ribbes, much leffealfo and narrower than they, fome- • what hayrielikewife, and pointed at the ends 5 but thofe that rife ur with the ftalke, andftandatthe joyntsone i oppohte to the other, doe as it were compaffe the ftalke, being lefle,and lefle, up to the toppes; where come forth lmall branches, with two or three or more white flowers upon them, fmaller then the former, and more divided or cut in, with feme white threds in the middle, which when they begin to decay, doe tw'ine their leaves in¬ ward, after which come fmall grayifti feede, in fomewhat large pointed huskes; the roote is fomewhat great and yeeldeth new flioots every yeare. 6 ‘ LychnUfylveflrisenguftifotia. Narrow leafed wild Campions, This wild Campion hath divers narrow long whitifti greene leaves, lying on the ground,from whence the next yeare after the fpringing rifeth up a ftalke, divided into branches from the joynts, whereon grow Iefler and nar¬ rower leaves than thofe below, fometimes three or foure.and fometimes more fet together• at the toppes where¬ of grow fmall Bowers, made of five leaves a peece, notcht or cut in at the ends, white on theinfide, and fome¬ what: purplifh on the outfide, twining themfclves before they fall, as the laft doth : the huskes that contcine the fmall grayifti feede, are very hard fmall and round : the rootes are fmall, and perifh after feede time. 7* Lychnis Nobi 1flora. Morpheus fwcete wild Campion. This fweete wild Campion, that fmelleth fweeteft in the night time chiefely, and little or nothing in the day, 1 and in the hot Sommer or.ely, and not toward Autumne, is but an annuall plant, fifing not a yard high, with fmall narrow whitifh greene leaves on the ftalke, fet by couples, whofe flowers at the toppe, are of a very whi- tifhblufh colour, parted at the ends a3 the other are, and Banding in hard huskes, which will be a little clammic 8. Ljcbnis/y ’vc/lrishirtrt major. The greater haytic wild Campiou. 9. Lyibnoidnfegetum five NigcVafrum. Cockls. fa TrK PE. 5 * The Theater of "Plants* Chap.^^. 633 i s . LjchnitfyL v cana ealuulis firialis. Hoary wildc Ompion. * x. L) t>wi>lcge(um Vucaria rubradifta, *-ornc Campion of the garden*. ivc^y yc“ e of Sommcr f°m«imes, and yet but feldome: the feedc is grayifh and frnall, and the roote perifheth,’ s; Lychm fylvtftHihirUmajor. The grcater.hayrie wild Campion.' Tms hayrie Campion hath divers joynted hayrie (hikes,having two fmall long and narrow, hayrie and hoarv leaves fee at them; branching forth, and towards the toppes fending put from the joynts, feverall large flowers, upon fhort footeflalkes, or a palcreddilh; or carnation colour, madeoffive round pointed leaves, dented or notched in the middle : the (cede that folioweth them is reddifli, in iuch like heads as the red • the roote is thick ana great, yet periflieth the fame yearc it bearcth feede; for the firftyeare it doth not. 5. Lychnis five Lychneidesfegetum eb NigelUftmm. Cockle or Corne wilde Campion. I had rather put this Cockle in this place among the wild Campions,whereunto both in face and ocher proper* ties it is mod like than either put it with the NigelUs as fome doe, or make a Chapter of purpofe for it. It hath rim oik an upright hayrie dalke, (hooting forth branches on all (ides, with two long hayrie, or woolly foft leaves at the joynts: the flowers fland at the toppes of the brandies, in hayrie long huskes, whofe ends or points, are longer than any of the former Campions,danding upright both before the flowers open,& after they are pad,and layin= tbemfelves betweene the five round painted leaves, when they are blowen, which are of a bright reddifh pur¬ ple, or crimfon colour: the feede that folioweth in hard round heads, is bioger and blacker, than in any of the former: me roote is fmall and wooddy, periling as foone, as it hath borne feedc. Some have obferved a lorthcreof with white flowers. . 19 - Lychnis Cretic* angufllfelia, Candy wilde Campions. The- wild Campion of Candy, fpreadethforth many branches, from the very bottome of the (lender hayrie ftalke, not above a footc high, whereon are fet two leaves one oppofite to another, at every joynt, which are fmall, long, and narrow, fomewhar thicke, and woolly or hoary; atthe toppe of eadi branch dandeth one fmall flower, like unto the other wilde Campions, dented in at the ends, of a fine reddifh colour, upon thefirft blowing and opening, but declining to whitifh afterwards, with divers threds in the middle tipt with yellow. ItandingWlfayric huskes, fmall at the bottome, and larger at the toppes, the heads and feede arelikeunto the Carden Role Campion : the roote is fmall and fibrous, perifhing every yeare, yet rifine of the feede, ifit be fuf- freedtofheditfelfe. 3 ’ n. LychnisfylvcfirisincMucahculM ftrintis. Hoary wilde Campion. This hoary wilde Campion fhooteth forth five or fixe fmall hoaryftalkes,.about halfe a foote high, with two (png and narrow hoary leaves fee at each joynt, the flowers grow 4 or 5 together being red like to thofe of the lea Campion, growing out of thicke fwellingdraked huskes wherein afterwards the feede is conteined. . 1 a. Lychnis fegetum Vaccann rabm diEia. Corne Campion of the Gardens. This kmde of Campion is but an annuall plant and rifethup wich one round ftalke for the moft part, fpreading into 634 Chap. 76, Theatrum 'Botanicum, T R 1B B 5„' into (undry branches,having two long leaves fet oppofite at the joynts, being broad at the bottome, and compaf. ling the (Hike and branches, almoft like unto Thoroughwaxe,ending in a fmall point of a pale greene colour; at the toppei of the branches (land fundry flowers, made of foure leaves a peece, of a pale red colour,- alter .which come fmall round and hard blacke feede, concerned in skinnie huskes: the raoteis long white andfomewhac w ooddy -• this plant for the beauty of the flowers is received among others into our gardens,and was but foro 0 r. ten out of my former booke. 3 The place. The three firft forts grow commonly through our Country by fields.hedg (ides,and ditches.-the other forts have beene found fome by Clufitu, and fome by others, both in Spaineand Germany. the tenth in Cana] ; Cockle is too plentifull in our Corne fields: and the lad in the borders of the come fields in Germany. Tlx Time. All thefe forts flower in the Sommer, fome comming earlier than others, and fotne abiding longer than The Names. I have (hewed you in the former Chapter, the Etymologieof the name Lychni,, and therefore needenotto repcate it here againe. All thefe are called Lychnides fylveftrer. the firft is thought by Clufiu, more fitly to agree unto CMelandrivm of Pliny, in his 2 6 booke and 7. chap, then the Papaver flumeum, which Label would reterre thereunto, and therefore entituleth it McUndrium Plmii quorundam. cMatthio/w callcth it Ocimafirum and Ocimoides, and fo doth Cjefner, Our antes ,and Dalechampm. Camcrariw and ‘Dodor.e.u, doe expreffe both thofe former forts by the name of Lychnis fylveflris alia r,~ rubra or purpurea, and Label Lychnis fylveflris flare rubel¬ la by the fecond, which "Bauhimu calleth Lychnis fylveflris five aquatica purpurea fimplex : but why aquatic a I know nor, for in our Land I have not feene it grow in any watry grounds,other than ditch banks,Stfieldfides &c C lu fl M calleth the third here expreffed his Lychnis fyl.tertia in his hiftory whichBauhinw calleth Lychnis rylveflri vifeafa rubra altera, and thinketh that to be the Mufcipula of Label-. but Camerariw in horto faith, that the figure is not well cut, and that he meant the Mufcipula that is common, which he there callcth Fifcago minor and is the firft of C./nfii ir in his hiftory, very truely fet forth. 'Bauhimu likewife maketh the Mufcipula altera of Label to be the A rmerm flat ijnartw, of Dadonau t, which is the fame firft Lychnis of Clufiu,, in his hiftory of plants and is quite contrary, for Labelm his Adverfaria faith that that Mu/cipulu, hath a yellowifli greene flower which all know the Ben rubrttm GMonfpelienfmm or firft Mufcipula hath not, but a red flower; Lugdunenfls calleth it AiCme purpurea-, Bauhimu likewife maketh a doubt whether that Mufcipula Lobelii called by others Benrubrum Maulbe itenfi-tm, or firft Lychnis fylveflris of Clufiwbe, not the Fla, Conftantinopolitanu, minoroi Gefner! Idoenotfinde him to name Confiantinopolitanw , but Flo, ab Hiero[olymis mayor & m ; mr ) which otherwise he called Ocimoidet peregrmum ; the greater I verily thinkc is the Lychnis Chulcedonica fimplex as we call it; but the leffer fort fure- ly cannot be tne Ben ritbrum or Mufcipula, for Gefner there faith that they both endure the winter after the be' ring of feede which this Mufcipula doth nor; and againe he faith his leffer fort hath Rariore, fla,e, butafew flowers, and that hath many; but I thinke as 1 faydbefbre that it maybe the Flo, Csccincm of Luodunenli, 1 he fourth is CUifuu his fecond Lychnis, or calicuUsftriati,- the fifth is the ninth Lychnis of Clnflus in his hiftorv" Which Lugdunenfi, calleth Ocimoides mima five album, and Camemrim Odontic, quorundum flora Candida being of the fame kinde, (have fee forth in my former booke, under the name of Lychnis plumaria fyhcflri, fimplex whereof it IS likely Tabermontunw maketh mention, and Bauhimu putteth zeyrnd upon ir, as beinga plant hee" neverfaw or heard of before, and (whereof there is a fort that bearcth double flowers) which 1 there favis a\\ei Armorer,apratenfi,,&p,c„culi. Clufiu, letteth them both forthby the name of Odontitis flini, Rmplici for, &-plena fore - the fixt is the eight Lychnis of Clufiw in his hiftory of plants, which he made the firft in his Spamjh obfervations .Bauhimu calleth it Lychnis fyhcflri, plurihw folds fimul junhi, ■ the feventh is calledbv Cameras,issinhortoOcimmdesmaprum^nd Lychni, nomfora annua. Befler in the great garden booke of fr fie. tenfis calleth it Ocimafirum nelliflorum flare albo ; the eighth is Clufiw his Lichni,fyhcflri quinta, and with Baa. htnus Lychnis fyl. lanuginofa major-, the leffer of this (ort is the fixt of tlnflw, as it is fet downe in the next chapter fave one j the ninth is called by divers diverfely, fome Lychnis fegetum, Lychno.de, feoetum Trpw calleth it Gtthago and,shis Roumanians: 6 . genus. purgech the body of chollericke humors, as ‘Diofcoride, faith, and that it rh P p f thofe .^that are ftung by Scorpions, or other venemous beafts, and may as I fayd before, be as eftifluall foe the Plague, 1:is f a) . d to be (° cffeftuaUagai n ftthe Scorpion> thst this herfc y e caftu > ° put unto a Scorpion, hke r : " "u 0 ': V f f ry u S ° 0d r Ufe m ° ld fores > ulcers . ca ^ ers > fiflulaes a ' ld *e worketh by the confirming of moyft humours falling into them; and J . u? ° fll “ mors offending them;but the Cockle isofefpecial property in all thedileafes afore fayd, and befides doth heals the itch, fcabbes, and running fores, ^ property in an tne^aiieaies Fa IBE.5 Henextrankeor order of wild Campions, is as I before (ayd of thole whofe (hikes are glutinous ^ and clammy, which now are to be entreated of in this Chapter: one of them I have already fet forth ■' in my former bookc called cMufcipuU Loheli],md therefore neede not defcribe it here againe, I will onely give you the figure thereof here. I. Lychnis fylveflris vijceja latifoliaClufli : jive ALufcipuUCretica Auricula Hrji facie , Clufius his Catchflie of Candy. This wilde Campion hath many leaves lying upon the ground, which are thicke fat and hoary, white fome- what like unto the leaves of the yellow Auricula urfi , Bcares eares or French Cowflips fmooth on the edges, and a little pointed, which doe fo abide the firft yeare of the fpringing : the ftalke rifeth up the next yeare to the ' height of two or three cubits, with two le ives at the j'oynts, and Ipreading on both (ides into branches from the (ground, which are glutinous or clammy, caufing every light or fmall thing to cleave thereunto, as flies, (trawes 1 downe or the like tat the toppes whereof and the j'oynts next below them come forth many flowers together, n (landing in clufters but very fmall, whofe fmall huskes containe everyone of them, a fmall greenifh yellow ■/flower parted in two at the broad end : the feede is (mail and blackifh in the huskes, the rootes are fmall and lihreddy. 3. Fifcaria maximaCretica Alpini. Great Candy Catchflie. ’ Therooteofthis Catchflie is white, long, and growing fmall downewards of a fingers thicknefle, bearing cabout it a number of long leaves which are fmall at the lower end, growing broader to beyond the middle, and lending in a point, from among which rife up divers ftalkes a foots high,with few j'oynts, and two fmall long ■ leaves at each of them,bcaring fundry white flowers at their toppes as it were in umbells, and out of them fome- | times other fuch like fmall flowers will ftart, all of them like the ordinary Catchflie :the feede veflellsthat fol- ■ low are fmall and round pointed at the end, with fmall blacke feede within them;the whole plant is very clam- j my caufing every thing to flicke thereunto that toucheth it. This is not that former Lychnis Utifolia of ClufiM , as Alpir.iM faith, yet they arc fo like that any that (hall j'udicioufly view the figures without fight of the plants ; will lurely account them both one, and therefore I give you their feverall delcriptions and figures alfo. 5. Mufcipulaaltera flare albo. The whiteflowred Catchflie. The other Catchflie fhooteth forth divers branched (lalkes, with fmall darke greene leaves fet thereon by ^3^ Chap.77» 2. Vtfcaria maxima Cretiex Alpini. Great Candy Catchfiie olAipimes. Tkeatrum Botanictm. Tr i b e. 5, 4. A iufcipula Salamantica minor, . . -Theleflcr spanijl} Catchfiie. couples, the tops whereof where the flowers Hand, and under them alfo are fo clammy that it will (licketo “■the fingers of them that touch them, el'pecially in the hcate of the day, and in the hot Summer time •• the flowers arc fmalland white, made of five leaves notched at the ends, and fmelling fomewhat fweete, thefeedeis fmall and blackilh,contained in fmall hard huskes i the roote fpreadeth many long firings under the ground, andabi- deth many yeares. 4, UVa/c>p»/« Salamantica major. The greater Spanips Catchfiie. The greater Spanijh Catchfiie hath divers grayifh gTeene leaves lying upon the ground next the roote, which are fmall andfolon" at thebottome as if it were a foote!talk,but broader toward the end and fomewhat long withal!, of aorayifh greenc colour.from whence rile up divers round greene ftalkes.a yard high,bearing fnch like leaves at the joynts by couples up to the tops of them almofi, but fmaller where the branches beare many fmall tufts of greenilh flowers at fevcrall fpaces round about them, and where in the heate of Summer there will be a vifeous or glutinous fappe on the outfide, fit to make any fmall light thing to flicke to it: after the flowers arepaft, the feede fheweth it felfe of a grayifh colour, conteined in fmall hard greenilh huskes: the roote is white hard and long,abiding after feedetime,and fpringingafrefh every yeate. 5. OlLufcipnla Salamamicaminor, The fmaller Spam ft, Catchfiie. The fmaller Spanijh Catchfiie differeth fo much in forme from all the other lorts of wilde Campions, that it might feeme tobe none of the family : butbecaufeas Clnfmt faith, the learned of Salamanca did call it Sefamoiics as They did the former, which is moll fit to be of the number of the wilde Campions, hee thought it never the Idle not unfit to joyne them together, andfo doe I, untill I may know a fitter place to fetit: Itbeareth many thicke long thcref °re according put into Garlands, which neither Chamll oTrl^/^doebutK aF ^rnon^thc fweete hetbes that were which it feemeth it was alfo by Virgin in divers places of his’wJL^^R 6 ca '1 ^‘ a b y Eclogue,he foewethone 0f the Na.des workcin making a Garhnd m foefe Vc^fof ^ 5 21 ^ “ hls Bac ° bck ~ Tunc Cafla atejue altjs intexens fuavibui her bis Mo Ilia luteola pin git vaccinia caltha . And m the fecond of his Georgickj, A , Vlx hnmiks apibui cafiu roremque mini fir at And m the fourth of the fame, Nec circum cafi£ virides & olentia late SerpyHa, ctr graviterJpirantes copia thymbra FUr eat^rrigttumque bibat violariafontem. All which doe plamely fliew that Cafia was commonly accounted with them a ftvecrF^ k r •< , Bees to feede on,as well as to put into Garlands : and not that Cafia w h ichTs a tree fif ’ c Y Phmed Fot of the Apothecaries Caff,a li gMA , for which caufe it is very probable that CaZ i tma ™ on C cal '^ Greeke copie into Latin, puc Cajia for Cneorum rakins them to bee hn,fi , tranflating Theophrajlu, gaUn (ay, was the leafe of that plant that bare ’the cllusC^t ! as , DiofJ,des{ n d galen fsy, wayhe leafe of that plant that bare the 6 wdiich n byan r tlK , b°fi Z t ^ SW ,' t ^? ftd0ea g-- y« Come things therein aredoubtfull firft rhe'/ 0 ' 6 = fc J! c that , !l: “mmeth tfoould be called white, (econdlythe branches arc notfo pliant and ftiffeth a r,fi lsn ° t-uc uiancncs arc : i aS : thirdI y therooteisnotverygreat: andlaftlv it dnrh n /fl ' w “*««*'u«uig: folttice,but in the Spring. Thus farre I have digrelfed from the fiift rLl l e ■ fl T er attcr the Autumne whereunto zslfayd fiautiuus teferrech it, and calleth it Lychnis vel Or ft, ;d' ^ C ' n ® drawne 011 by Cneorum, ^ a .Vr IS z t 16 ^ cimo ^ es Alpinum o^Gefner inhortie and ,hc Saponaruin-'- °l™f e f eyis m °ntanu7n, and faith alfo FahtuS Co/urnna calleth Ocimades Ljchntlis ’and bv Bauhinus Lrch °. r Da ecb> "”f’l in Lugdunenfis : rhefe- ’bdani Lugdunenfis, and TabermoLn* rbor „ , f I ? ^1”“ re T e ”’«the third is remembred that it i__ and The Theater of 'Plants. Chap, 79 * 641 if R I B __ ■jchmdis flare. Every one hath his Enghih name m his tide^ht to difting lfh them. AIL nr mod of theft herbes are of later knowledge, fo that there is but little fayd of their venues, yet by their AIL or molt ottnei , , ■ d a a t mecnt may be profitably applyed today the fluxes of blood ncfhumors anTthereby alfo conduce to fhe healingff old and moyft Viters or (ores: the Sea kinds tafte feme- j& not unlavory, fo that they are often eaten cold as a Sailer herbe.or dewed and fo eaten. G„ A r. LXXIX. Saponaria. Sopewort or Bruifewort. your confide- former, that ___ , , a. ,„;ide Camnions, 1 have feme other forts of herbes to bring toyi JM rationfwhich both for face or forme, and for ufe and properties are fo like unto the f 2 X\'pi they might well ue taken as jpeaei of the famc£««r. \ 3 g they migntwc Stfm J UvH i g „i s . CommonSopewortor Bruifewort. Havina (hewed you in my formerbooke the double to.and under it ,n a fort defenbed the Having mew y V, e edelefle here agame to fet it forth, which mdeede! would not have ;fingle or common kinde r g defeription as in the vertues in that place,I thought good here to enlarge idonc, but that being briefe as wellin the dcicnpu fore thereof with it. The roote cree- ' my felfe and therefore to into the defcnption thereot as we.^ ^ abrown£ colouronthc outfide> and yellow . j peth under ground farre and n > m „ nv we ake round ftalkes, full of joyncs, fet with two leaves a peece ' hh within fhooting forth m divers p c are ribbed fomewhat like unto Plantaneand fafhioned like the : at every one of them the contrary ^.whicb am ^ frQm thc fide of the ftaIkes> but fa with di . . common field white Campion 1 > . kes )j ket h e wilde Campion, made of five leaves a peece, round ar I rheends^and a^ittle dented^hi the middlefofa pale Rofe Colour almoft white, fometimespaler, and fometimes of a deeper colour,of cmvolato folio. Hollow leafed Sopewort. .. . . , rc * XvKJcnPrnlnr m our owne land,mthe forme and manner of the running of thc This kind of Sopewort, wh p .j er Ending forth divers weake round ftalkes, with fewer joynts roote isvcry like unto the for e , . mnn eleafe and feldome more, which eyther compafl'eth the ftalke at I then Ill the former, and at every °n l 10 n o wthe whole leafe like a pipe or trunke compafl'eth it before it open i t fo Ifc on die"outfidej or fometimes doth notopen it felfc at all, and are ribled like the former, fomewhat %. Saptmana ^nglica convoluto folio. I. Saponaria la'girk. Common Sopewort. Hollow leafed Sopewort. 642 Chap.7 C ‘'".7*Sg qmte differeth from tt as you (hall he .re by and by ■ f or althou-h AAAn W*?’* CMd “ t «‘ fane, but of their Routing and clenfing quality; yet none of them hfL.U "7“ a ™ ny othcrs >“ a y be called Sr™ the Latines is called Radscula, and Lanarilherba, and by feme other S h a C lfo S t h ram C / CnP H IOn °S i,rH,hium (which of neoufly) and overpaffed by Diofcorides as rn„ „ell ‘ Il0 transferred to this Saponartuhm ““ neoufly j and overpaffed by DUfa&k ,as t^wefuntwne inht da^e' 10 , t ? 1 f fe " ed t0 this Sap.naria but ato- but remembred onely by Theophraftue m his lint Booke and thtrd Chap ofhis Morvof Pl^ n ° defcri P tio n, and whole eaves are pnckley. P%,nhisi 9 . Booke and third Chap? defcribfhT™ f A “ B **“ M S*ofeherbc» words I thinkefit tofttdowne and afterwards interpret them.that all 22, ” at lar g e = his divers have (hewed in referring the more oblcurc Plants of the I,;,™ L „ fa T" 113 ' ,ltt,c care and judge the.r Authors words and dec arations. At vocautr Radical* (SpZ a,,d “““lining mirum cjuantum confirms cmdor i wU.tucpuc. ^„ e „* /citHr mZ" ” M«x [axofis & afperuloca, tram Eupbratem tamen Lmdatijmm.caulefir»Lceotemi&ivh, ‘l, m A fi a - tyiaepue, ttngcnti qn\f;(]uidfit cum quo decoqttatur , folio Ole*, StrmhtumGraci vocant ■ „‘\ U 'xpetito, & cdore,Jpwt>fa rr caulslarmgmofi femenei nullum radix maona an* conr-d, a £ ft ate grato affebln vernm line be thus Englifhed, but that herbe which is called Radial, hath a inictor f^neth 7 * “ f * m ! which ™7 wonderful! to fee what whiteneffe and fmoothneffe thereby iegiveth unto them A ' ^ afl) cIotIl “ = ft l and many indivers P laces,butofitowneaccordin7pand e !y% I l l ro?k7n 0 drf ra ' T u he f am!rcdfort g rowet bi moft pratfe worthy groweth beyond Euphrates, having a fmall fcmbus fhlTe g t, P n^u ! - but the chiefeft with their meats, and is apt to colour ordye any thine that fliall he hat \rA • u- W ^ IC /] r ^ e inhabitants doe cate tree: the Greekes call it Strmhi„ m . I t flowrefh in Summer and is nL f l’ (" kh the leafe of an OliV ‘ mg prickly, and the (hike woolly: it beareth no feede the rlrJ • p fan 5 r ,° fc£hold buc without any fent be ufesaforefayd. Thus farre Pl,>y. P eCC£s W tt thatth tSaponaria, hath no Olive like leafe, but rather like a Planra^e'" '"'b W l, tb tb:s defeription, you fhall finde fmooth and joynted it hath no prickly leaves buc fmooth nor no great roote bur"? u'^j n ° r W °° 1,y (lalke - ney ther fent nor (eede, as Pity faith Struthi« m doth : fo that I J r , [ mal1 and cre£ P‘ng; it wantech one.for one qualities fake onely of fcowring or clenfing when fomanv ^ ^ ^ th ° uld make them both therefore doth MtttAulm contrary Fudrbu, plainelv as alfo rW 7 J d£llI ] eatIons “re abfolntely different-and which he therefore called pL, v “E K.” al ‘°, t i ,0 . fe took the Lme a , Qr LuteoUherba to be*™ the Arabian *,which is thought to be the Stmhium of the Greekef and 1 “ be it affo Cmdif , 0 . purpoRs whereunto they have appropriated their c»4unto - but appl> ’c d and ulcd ic for all thofi nthele words ilc is theroote of a plant (that hath prick y ft"* defeription of Condi], thumbe fomewhatyeHowifh on the infide and blacke without ftarnehnth’ T ^ ? thicknef fc of onei [corides faith) the rootcis long and round, and of, n . ’ lh, tpc both m fent and tafle(Jfrrd« ITf* lirone,'.,- .. r l f^'th^ / ^hit^^■ tIle d < T 0 t C •i ^, ^ on S a n^ round, and of^ejuicke fharpe^aft^whi^h" ^*\ tand ta ^ e ^ er *pi° butofZ)^ faith in the printed Latme copies) with the decoftion thereoftf arC wann '"g as Lydanenfi. fwcete oyntment makers m D«mafco,doe put it into their confer™. !h ^ b 7 h W00 " and clothes ; and the which giveth them fuch a whitenefle that ?hey feeme asT “hey were^f ° f 7 ney ’ and bo ? lcd ^ cut into peeres,the Spans u fe to wa(h the filth out of their garments Y ? tarch : with tht ro °t' beene fomewhat tedious in declaring chefe things that other. VI I (i ln!lead of Sope or Lye. Thavi and thatneitherS^oMrMnor/.OT^eanbeitf for there is no heate n o d r e n! 3nd wh * t . S,ru,hiam “nd Condifi are, leir differing forme t the firths generally called Saponaria by all writers ew^f' e , ythcr of thcm > befide: fits, and Fufchu (f, who as is fayd called it Struthiim : the other Gerard who caIIeth ic Violaaore. bothT° t lem ’i thlnkln S « a/pnrw thereof, but it is plainely feene and knn^ Gmtm * and placed it both in rootes leaves, and flowers, and not with G«fM* but in the Mr. t0 asrec with the Saponaria, opewort.and of fome Brmfewort: the countrey people in Kent and J^calh't At * ufual,y cal,ed Ther™ . .... The Venues. na " ^ caU 1C Gill run by the ftreet. The r™n, T - The Venues, ‘ mn uy enc itrcet. ,„d,t«n_,|,e„ 0 f. th « Jti , dl Gu ‘ I jacum, or China rheoneh^lf. 3 ^ n ,f e lodgement upon true knowledge of the truth- for m„ii"ir”)' "‘“m now true it is let c e, untill more evident ptoofes doe convince me. ' y elfe,I cannot be induced to beleev as uy expert they no leffe extoll it to performe can d°e ; which how true it is leto- T R I B E . The Theater ofTlants. Chap.8o. 643 Chap. LXXX. Tracbelium jive Cervicaria. Throatc wore. < ^NderthenameoFT'Mc'M*i»('whichisakindeof Campanula or Bellflower) may all the reft of the "ft Bell- flowers be comprehended, whereof fome I have already let forth in my former booke. butbe- S caufe there arc fo many, I thinke fitted to diftribute them inrofeverall Chapters, that fo they may be « t he better exprefied by me, and apprehended and retained by you, and diftinguifhed to all. In this Chapter I will onely mention the reft of them that have roughor hayry leaves, andinthe next thofe that ’ " i, Tracbeliummajuf Bclgaram. GreatThroatewort This great Throatewort hath very tall and great hayrie ftalkes and leaves of the falhion of the other fort, that I have fee forth in my other booke, there called the greater Canterbury Bells, but greater than it, both in | flalke and leafe, the flower is of a purplifhblue colour, alrnoft as large as thofe of the Otwitrybels, in all other things it agreeth with the other. 3. Tracbeliumpetreumma'jueglobofum. Thegreatglobe rocke Throatewort. The treater of the two rock Throatewcrts,rifeth up with browniih ot reddifh ftraked hayrie ftalks,about two > foote hwh, bearing thereon divers rough or hayrie darke greene leaves on the upper fide, and paler underneath, 1 fet without order, and a little dented about the edges with fome fmaller leaves fet at the joynts withthem-- at . the toppes of the ftalkes especially, grow many flowers, cluftring together in around falhion, and fome at the 1 upper joynts alfo with the leaves, but not fo many, and fome alfo under them at the lower j'oynts, but Chill fewer and fewer, being all of them, of the forme of the former Throatewort, but of a white colour, ar.d fmaller than 1 the fmall, or ordinary fort, and ending in five, fixe, or fometimes in feven points, having in the middle many yel- j lowilh threds, and one greater than the reft, crooked at theend when it is biggeft, and which becommeth bif'or- : ked, and blunt as it ripeneth, the flowers abide long before they fali.but the lcede hath not beenc obferved : the i foote is lomewhat great and wooddy, rugged on the outfide and reddilli, but white within, and more aftrin- i gent than any of the reft. 3. Tracbeliumpetraum mirueglobofum. The Idler globe like rocke Throatewort. The leffer of thefe Throateworts, hath the firft leaves fomewhat long and not dented on the edges but pointed, and after them rife diverfe others that are round,and cut in on the cdges.ftanding on long footeftalkes, an hand I breadth long at the lcaft, fomewhat like unto thofe of CimbaUria Italic. hedcracca, the Ivie like leafe, cxjtali- an Gondelo but not fo thicke, fuller of ribbes and veines.deepliercut in on the cages, and of a darke greene co¬ lour, from which rife divers naked or bare (lender ftalkes, about halfc a foote high, which ufuaily have one 01 Tracbelium majut Belgium. Gieat Ihroatwort, z. Trache'ium majut pctr.euw globofum. The greater globe rocke Throatwort. two Th f ,, Ttratbelium mi nut. e ma “ Throatwor.t or Canterbury Beilt, IFr i b E.5 > The *1 heater of ‘Plants . Chap. So. 645 wo leaves about the middle of them, with little or no ftalke at all to them, fomewhat deepelyer dented about heedoes- at the toppes of thefc dallies Hand foure or five long and narrow greene leaves, like unto thofc that re about the middle of the (hikes, but Idler, narrower and more jagged compelling them at the heads, and rom the middle of them dart iorth divers fmall flowers, fet in a tuft together, ofadarke blewifh purple co- ,our, with very (hort footeftalkes under them, and are fafhioned fomewhat like a biggebellyed bottle, witha 'i'nall long necke, opening at the brimmes into five points, fomewhat deepely cutdowne, with divers threda jr n ^e middle, one being bigger and longer then all the reft, ifiuiug a good way beyond the necke which in the opening bccommeth the feede veffdl,biforked like the other: the roote is very rugged whitilh and wooddy, ‘ 4. TracheliHmmontanummajm . The greater mountaine 1 hroatwort. The greater mountaine Throatwort lendeth forth from a long blackilh roote, thicke at the head and growing mailer doivnwards,wich many fmall fibres let thereat,and fome bigger,with a number oflong& narrow leaves, omewhat like thofe of Alkancc, fet at the bottome of the (lender round reddifh ftalke, which is about a foote tor more high, with very few leaves thereon, atthe toppes whereof grow a few long flowers, fomewhatlike unto the ordinary forr,of a rale purplifh colour,with a long Peftcll in the middle. 5. TracheliremmentammTraoopogi fo/ijs. Narrow leafed Throatwort. This Throatwort hath fundry narrow long leaves lying next the ground,fomewhat refembling thofe of Goate* t jeard, the flowers at the toppes of the ftalke are Bellfafhion and fomewhat fmalt,of a blufh colour the feede that I iolloweth is fmall like the reft. 6 . Trachelixm faxatile jpicatum, The rocke fpiked Throatwort. This fpiked Throatwort fendeth forthfroma white great roote full of bunches or knots on the outfide, asfc i doth grow old, and fpreading under ground many branches w ith fibres thereat, fundry round and crooked hoary iwhitcftalkes,ofan unequall height, fome being a foote and ifome lefle high, with broad leaves fet thereon without order, iTnoftufuallybutoneata joynt, butfometimes two unevenly tdented about the edges, fomewhat like the leaves of Doroni- ■ ':um, or of that herbe is called by fome P tftmoxarU Caller am, by others ‘PilofcUa major, and ChondriHa anna, and we in Eng. ' li/i as I have (hewed you in my former book Grim the collier, ibut hoary, efpecially underneath : from the middle of the [ftalkcs upwards,come forth fome flowers at the joynts with ! the leaves, but elpecially at the toppes many together fpike falhion.one above another, which are fmall and of a blewifih purple colour, but like in forme unto the ordinary Rampions, or Throatwort: after which come filch like feede veffells and browne feed in them as is in the (mailer Throatv/ortithis as the reft giveth milke both lfalkes and rootes, which is no lefle plea- lant and edible then the reft, and endureth many yeares, al¬ though the ftalkes dye downe every yeare. 7. Tracheliftm jpicatum tenuifolium. Thinne leafed Throatwort with fpiked heads. This thinne leafed Throatwort hath many long and narrow hairy greene Ieavesjfomewhat like unto thofe of wilde Baflill, but much fmaller, betweene which rifech up a ftrong round grecnc ftalke,about a foote high or more,fomewhat ftraked.and of the bignefle of a finger, fet with narrower leaves and lon¬ ger, from the bottome to the middle of the ftalke and from thence up to the toppe,come forth fmall whitifh coloured flow¬ ers,like the others, (landing at the joynts with the leaves, en- ding in a long fpike of flowers and leaves, fet thicke together very orderly : after the flowers are paftcommeth fmall heads, conteining very fmall brownifh feede: the roote is thicke and white, as bigge as ones finger, and rugged on the outfide,with fome bigger fibres fee thereat. S. Trachelium umbelliferumcaruletim, Vmbelliferous blew Throatwort. This Throatwort groweth with a number of fmall fibres fet at the roote, from whence rifeth up a ftalke about two foote high, having a few hard rough greene, and fomewhat long leaves fet one above another,very like unto the ordinary fort, and dented about the edges in the fame manner: from the middle of the ftalke up ward at the joynts.it fendeth forth branches,fet with fuch like leaves as grow be¬ low, butlclTerandlclfer, every branch being bare or naked of leaves for a little fpace next under the toppe, where there (land two fmall narrow leaves, and from thence rife many fmall perfit blew flowers.fet upon little (hort footeftalkes in manner of an umbel! or tuft, all of them in a manner (landing to an equal! height.fomewhat like to mountaine Spikenard, the headsand feede are like the reft: all the whole plant giveth milke, and is of an aftringent and fliarpe tafte, but is very impatient of cold and therefore mull have fome extraordinary care be¬ llowed on it in tliefc colder countries,to preferve it in the winter. 9 - Troche Hum fumilum Alpinxm. Small Mountaine Throatewort. This fmall Throatewort hath many leaves rifing from the roote, like the common fmall fort (whofe figure I here give the defeription being extant in my former booke) every one (landing upon along foote ftalke, among which rifeth upa round ftalke diverfely branched,having all the leaves that grow thereon, narrower and longer pointed tljan thofe below, and without any ftalke to compafle the branches at their lower ends; at the toppe of every »o, Trachelium folijs Echij. ■ Wilde Buglofle leafed Throatwort. Theatrum Botanicum, R IB E 5- Minor, every one ftandeth a rcafonablc large flower in fafhion like the ordinary, ending in fivepoinrTbut of ^ i blewifh almoll alhcolour in fome, butof a deeper blewifh purple colour in others: after the flowers a the heads wherein the lraall whitilh (eede lyeth, turne downewards when they are ripe, and are three f™ P ' therooteiswhtte and great, for the proportion of the plant, having divers heads at the toppe thereof IT' 1 the leaves Ihooce forth: the whole plant hath a loft doune fomewhatwhitifh upon it, andeiveth milt, n the reft doe. b umKcasall to. TrAchtl'ittmfohit Ecbii. WildBuglofle leafed Throatewort. The lower leaves of this Throatewort or Bell-flower, are many,long,very rough and narrow lying un™ ground,like unto Vipers Buglofle but broader andfi,orter, whofe ftalke that rifeth upamongft them isah ' foote high, round and rough alfo, fet with few leaves tut fmaller, at the toppe whereof (land five or five hi ' flowers Bell-falhion, uponfliort footcftalkeshanging downetheir heads, whofe brimmes as alfo the hi P : wherein the flowers ftand.have fomehayrie douninefle upon them. There is a leffer of this fort as B /• ’ faith, which hath hayrie fliorter leaves and leffer flowers, found on the hils among the Smtfm 11 , Tracheliumferotinum,Jive Viola Calathianaforte Gerards. The late flowring Throatewort This late fiowring Throatewort hath the lower leaves very like for forme unto the Campanula Pyramid*!' fleeple Bell-flower but loficr in handling,the ftalkes rife a yard high being fofc or almoft woolly like the 1 & divided into fome branches at the tops,bearing many Bell fafiiioned flowers like the ordinary greater fort?*' fmaller and of a pale blewifh or purplifh afh colour, which by reafon of their late flowrinn „ n „ r :7 r ’ DUC yeare, the roote is thicke and bufliie. ° B “ e 110 kcdc la. Rapmculsu Scahiofa capital,ctruleo. Rampions with Scabious like heads I was long in fufpence with my felfeand unrefolved, whether I fhonld fet this plant in this place f finding good authors to fet it forth as a Scabious, and Column* onely and 'Bauhmu that followeth him rnfoir from them and make it a R.ptsntium, firft, btcaufe it giveth milke which no Scabious doth, and then the feed K mg altogether Rampton like,wherein I would judge of a plant mod materially,I could notupon thele reafon c , joyne it with the reft of the Scabious, but place it here according to thetitle with this defeription It h h ™ y many crefted ftalkes, browmfli at the bottome,riling up to be a foote high, from a long white Line room V " y milke with many fmall narrow, and fomewhar long leaves,whofe edges are fomewbat dented or rafoer’w"! and writhed, than cut m.ftandmg thick thereon,without order on all (ides,and covered with a fmall fofr d VCd hayrineffe, unto the toppes almo(f,yet leaving a good fpacc bareithe flowers (land in a round head 7c c° r narrow fhort blue leaves, the middle part formed into white ftarres and Handing in greent huskes cur i , r or (even points, and a long pointell in the middle, which flowers arc long at the firft, and rife by denreTc ' falling away when others are beginning to open thcmfdves ; all of them when they are paft,and fallenJeaVeX greenehnske (landing like a ftarre, in the middle whereof groweth a f mall head, conteining fuch like n browne leedc as the others have. b KC ima11 , , CampanulaDrdamimriefo/ijt. Eellflowers with fmall dented leaves The leaves of this Bellflower arc rough or hairy, greene and fmall, about an inch long, and halfe an inch hr„,a fmpt about the edges,and pointed at the ends, (landing on each fide of the hairy ftalkes that arc fcarfr7 ’ high,without footefta kesthe flowers are tut few,of a meane fife, formed like Bellflowers, Tut endi nP corners or points.of a blewifh colour fet upon long footeffalkes: the roote is white and long like the 2 14. Viola Mariana peregrin*. The Syrian Coventry Bells cions. Vnto thefe kind of Plants may very well fort the Coventry Belh, as being near'efl unto them, and therefore I thought it notamifle to joyne this unto them, in this Chapter, fet forth by divers, after W/&, had fidh' declared,r,ashe found it at the foote of Mount lihanus in Syria, in the fhadowy woods. It hath faith hemarS long and narrow leaves riling from the roote which ,s fomewhat great and long, very like thole of the S Rtbbe wort Plantame, but more cut m unevenly on the edges, and hairy alfo, but upon foe flalkcs thofe Ie”ve arc fmaller,and not cut in at all, bearing the flowers at the joynts with them up to the toppes, which are llZll and more open then the ordinary fort,and parted into feaven or eight corners of a pale purplifh colour ■ S he could not obferve,being not the time of ripening! r r v meieeue 15. TraehehumfubrotHnditfolijs, Round leafed Throatwort. From a fmall creeping roote.a ftalke of halfe a foote highbeing a little hairy rifeth up, with a few fomewhar round leaves let thereon, hairy or rough alfo.of about two inches broad, and as long, and little dented abound edges, at the toppe whereof Hand a few fmall blew pendulous flowers like untothe others “ Tbel lace. Thefe grow naturally in divers places as fome in Car dp,(owe upon UoamSMue, andothers of the allpet in Germany Italj alfo and in Naples, as C/ufim and Column* hath fet it downe onelv theiaft J p ’ is aforefayd,and the laft was fent Hauhinui from Helmjlade, ’ ' 010 ln ^J nu aa The Time , They all flower in the Summer Moneths of Iune and Inly, but yet fotre of them flnmcr m 11 • n are pa ft,and fcarfe perfeft their feede.but are encrealed by their roote ° C Unt ‘" tne rcft ^ ( The Names . It is called r f’/y r t.s,Teas helium both in Greekc and Latin, or Cervicaria forthar irhclncrf, ,w r.i . and tbroate, either Inward or outward; it is alfo called Yvnlaria becaule it helnerh K / h T ? e f k mouth (which hath the diminitive from Vva) for the likenefle unto a nratie when irt r ^ s . of tbc others cal, them C^,„„/* 0 f thelikenefle if the flowersunto^ which generall name not onely thefe but the others in the next Chapter and manv Th d B /, 7 whereof ■J be I heater of 'Plants. Chap, 8l, 647 rise.5, __ , hereof Baul^u, cd\ab,C^p^a Alpha fpharoT^balos and thekfleT Rapunculm Alpinus amAcxktu,, which MsPhytopim.x^MMlnhh/mhe called Rapunculm A/pin,eo fpicato fimili,. but having obtained a inore ex- knowledge thereof from Pona, he altered the title and gave both the defcription and hgure more plamely 1C fourth is called Trache/iummonianumoSlxgdunenfi, which Barth,nut calleth Campanula fihjs AnehuUflo- ■,bm oblonoio • the fifth Column* calleth TracMium mmtmum, and Clufim Traehelmm 1 ragopog, fit,,, , but Ba«. , \nm turnin-all the Tracbeliums almoll to Campanula* calleth uCampamla yilpim Tragopog, fil,,, : the hxt C/«- «, fetteth forth in his Gurstpoftiriores, having received it from Gregorius de Re go,o a Chapuchme Fryer of fla- n Italy by the name of/>«»»(&« firing up from the feede of thefe Rampions, are round like unto Violet leaves little or nothing dented about the edges, which loabidethefirftyeare, but thofe that rife afterward with the ftalkes are much different from them being much cut In and deeper into feverall parts, let on both (ides of the middle ribbe the end being longed,all of them dented,of a darke greene colour on the upper fide, and reddifh oftentimes underneath; from among which rife updiverfe crefted ftalkes, two or three foote htgh, bearing fuch like leaves on Tribe 5 . TbeTbeaterofTlants . Chap. 8 i. 649 4. Rapunculus[y'.veftris umbeUatus triumJfiecicium, S.» Retfomarula Cre/ica five Rapuntu lus CretUuu Bufhhcaded Rampions of tfercc forts. Candy tampion's. bn them as below, but (mailer from the middle of them to the toppes, ftored abundantly with many reddiffo lmall purple flowers, and fometimes white, one above another in a long fpike, which are very like unto Rampi¬ ons,but fomewhat longer, more divided in at the corners, andeach part turning it (elle alittlebacke againe: after which.come very I mall brownilh feede in heads,both of them like unto the other Rampions: the roote is great and white, patted into many branches, giving milke as the leaves and (bikes alfo doe, and abideth many yeares, although the ftalkes and leaves perifh every yeare, frelh fpringing up before winter againe: this is fomewhattender, and requireth to be alittle defended and preferved in the winter with us. 6. Raptmci^ai five Campanula, ?jram'idalit minor. Theleffer fteeple Bell-flower. This fmall Rampion or Bell-flower, call it which you will, hath from a fmall long white almoft tranfparent foote, like unto that of the fmaller garden Rampions, and long abiding, many long and fomewhat broade leaves ? little dented about the edges, let on each fide of the (ingle round ftalke, riling about a yard high or more, broad bulhing with leavesbelow, and fmaller upwards bearing at the toppe afpikedhead or bulb with fmall Bell¬ like flowers, one above another, fmaller below than above, of a fine delayed blewifh colour, and a little pointed arthe edges, with a longftile or pointcll, growing out of the middle of every one, and fmelling pretty well: the head and feede are like the other Peach leafed Bell-flowers. Alpinw fufpedled fome venemous quality to be in this roote, upon the clammie tafte therein, and doubted whether it might not be the Acomtum folia Ivtubacea of 7 heophraftm, mentioned in his 9. booke, sind 1 4. chap. 7 . Rdpuyiculin nemorofni . Wood Rampions. The wood Rampion hath theloweftleaves fomewhat long and dented about the edges, yet not fo long as thole that come after them, which are very long and dented alfo, Handing upon fhort ftalkes with fome fmal¬ ler ones at the j’oynts with them, the flowers are like the other Rampions, of a pale watchet colour: the roote hereof is white and long, but not fo tender as the other. 8 . RapuHculiu nemoroftts niagnoflore. Wood Rampions with great flowers. The lower leaves of this W ood Rampion are fmall,fomewhat long and round at the endstthe other that follow and grow after them upon the ftalkes,are narrower and longer and pointed alfo, the flowers arc longer then others,of a duskiepurplifh colour, with purple veines in them, many Handing Together like unto the ordinary Rampions and of the fame fafhion with five points, of a deeper colour then the flower: the roote is fomew’nae thicke and of'a whicifh colour enclining to red,full of milke, being fweete and as fit to be eaten, and more defi- red where it is naturall then ahy other. 9- Campanula Alpina latifolia ptillo flare. Sullen broad leafed Bell flower. This little Bellflower bath a very fmall (lender ftalke, fcarfe an handbreadth high,' fet to the middle on both fides thereof,with fmall broad leaves,about an inch broad, and fomewhat round withall; flighdy dented about the edges,of a pale greepe colour, and bare without leaves from the middle to the toppe, where uiuallv ftan- K k k deth 65° Chap.8i, Theatrum \Botanicmt. Tr I B l: 6. 17. Campanula Pyramidal* minor &‘R*punculusp(trgyt. Rocke Rampions, and the lcflcr Steeple BcIl-fiov?cr. 5 7. Rapuncului vemorofus. Wood Hampton;. deth but one flower,of a meane fife, that is neither fo great as many others of the following Bellflowers are nnr yet fo fmall as the littlenefle of the plant might fceme to promilc.of a fullen darke purplifh colour • the leede’and roote are anfwerable w the Peach leafed Bellflower, which as I fayd is extant in my former booke and the finurr thereof here exhibited. ’ 10. Campanula rotund,folia m,mma. The lead broad leafed Bellflower This little plant hath divers leaves riling from a fmall long, white, threddy roote, which are fomewhat broad and round, a little dented and hard, each let on a fmall footeftalkc, among which rife up two or three (lender fmall reddilli ftalkes, notanhandhreadthhigh, for the moll part without any leaves upon them atthe tonne, whereof grow ufnally but one fmall blewilh flower falbioned like the other blew Bellflowers, ending in five or fix corners with a pomtell in the middle : the feede is Imall like the reft. ° >'• minorfylvofiri,rotund,folU. Wilde fieldBellflSwtrs The lower leaves of this kind of Bellflowtr, that lye upon the ground arealwayes round and fmall, almolt like unto a Violet leafe but rounder,(nipped or dented, from whence rife divers weake (lender ftalkes ablut two foote high,fee from the bottomes to the toppes, with many very (mail long and narrow leaves, where the flowers (land upon fevetall fmall long ftalkes, very like ,n fafhion and bigneffe, unto the fmall Garden Rampions, bu of *petfcftblewcolour, andfomet.mes white aa ha*beencobferved infomeplaces, yet very leldome ithe fmall lcede followeth in fmall heads like thofe of the Rampions ; the roote is (mail and threddy * aa 'ur C ™P™ ul «■ Small wilde Bellflowers. This Bellflower diffcreth httlefrom the laft.bnt m1 the (lender ftalkes, which having very few leaves thereon or none at all, arc not doted with more flowers on them ufually then one, but of as pcrfcfl a blew or white Vo- lour as the former, and almoft as large. r w 15. Campanula linifolia ctrulea. Flax leafed Bellflower All the leaves of this Bellflower as well the loweft as thole upon the flender weake ftalkes, fcarfe a foote high o able to Inflame themfelves, are final, narro w and ong ike unto Line or Fla X; the flowers are of a pale blew.fh purple colour,like in forme unto the other of the fmall Bellflowers, and fo are both feeds and roots F 14. Campanula Into a linifolia. Small yellow Bellflowers This is alfo in mod things like the'aft, faving that the lower leaves area little' larger, yet long, and fome of ^Toloutwtre’l^ ^Tpaley^fw; ^ f ° rmC ° f thC fi ° WCrS ° F ma " nCr ° f 8-w-ng thin diftfreth not.btae 15. Campanula SerpW folia. Time leafed Bellflowers, This fmall Bellflower hath many flender weake hrownilh branches, rifing from a fmall threddy roote, which WildeTinie < dTMnrher^^ly c u P°n the ground, divided intoother fmaller branches! verylikeunto W.ldc Time, orMother of Time, having many (mall leaves of a pale grecne colour underneath fomewhat round, ftt by couples one aga,nil another, along the middle ribbe, fome of them being greater, "ike the fmall ™r- ple Money wort and others like the w.lde Time but dented: the flowers grow at the endfofrhebranThesand fametimes from the joynts with the leaves, (landing upon flender fhort foote ftalkes, fometimeo two together, hangin g A P.8l, ‘Theatrum ‘Botanicum. r RIB E, ^ hanging downe their head, like in forme and bigneffe unto thcfe laft Bell-flowers, but of a reddilb purple colour- the whole Plant doth forefemble wild Time, that but the flowers onely can or doe diftinguifh them. 3 \6. CampanulaCymbaUriefoliis, Ivie leafed Bell-flower. The ftalkes of this Bell-flower rile up to be fcarfe halfe afoote high,yet leanedownewards upon what ftandeth next it, and brancheth forth from the bottome almoft, fet very fparingly and without order, with round and cor¬ nered leaves, unevenly dented about the edges, like unto thole of ground Ivie, or the Cymbalaria, which leafe r fomewhat like it, every one upon a (mall long footcftalke : at the toppes of the ftalkes, and fometimes alfo from the fades of them, ftand fomewhat long blue flowers, like unto the other Bell-flowers, upon lone fnnre ftalkes. 6 1 17. Rapmcuhttpetrtui. Rocke Ramrions. The roote of this Rampion is long white and of a fingers thickenelfe, growing fo faft into the Rockes that 1 With much labour it can be drawne out whole, being of afweetifh and fharpe tafte, often taken as alallet: ic i hath divers thicke, and fomewhat broade leaves, ending in a point, from whence rife two or three (lender ftalkes ' fcarfe a foote high, having narrower and longer leaves on them fet oppofite, at the toppes whereof ftand round t heads, of many blewifh flowers fee together without fmell, after which follow very imall ycllowifh feedc as bigge as Poppie feede. There is another with thinner leaves and fmaller flowers. The Place. Many of thefeare (hangers to us not growing wilde in our Land tbatT can heareof, but fome in Candy ■ others in Italy,mi fome in ferrn.iny-gcc.yci feme of them in divers places of this Land,as the fir(t,fecond fevenrh eleventh,and twelfth. ’ The Time, They flower all the Sommer long, fome abiding long, and lafting untill the Autumne cold dewes doe take them away, others l'ooner fpent. “• The Names, Some call thcfe Rapmculiy and Rapuntia, Gefner, Dodonans and others call them Rapa fjlvejlrla. having little likeneffe at all with Rapum, the Turnep, but in the cdiblenefTc of the roote, although the name be a diminitive thereof. Others call them Campanula's? the forme of the flowers, being like little Bells. Columna taketh the Rapmculus minor, to be Erinus of Nlcander and Diotcorides, and the other Rapunculi to be kindes thereof t Matthialm taketh the Campanula perfei folia, to be Phyteuma of Diofcorides-, and Ctfalpinus calleth the Katun, culm fpicatus five A/opecuroides, phytenma folils Rapunculi, ebiefely becaufe the heads withfeedehave holes in them, as Diojcorides faith the feede of his Thyteuma hath. The firff is called Rapmculus and Rapmculus minor by Matthiolus, Camcrarius, Dodesneus, and others; Tragus calleth it Rapunculum vulgar', and Libel Rapuntium parvum five Res locufta Avicenna, The fecond is called Rapunculum fyIveftre by Tragus , and by Dodonaus Rapum fylveflremdjus,smi%apmculnm Alopecuron, by Label Rapuntium majus Alopecurtudes comofo flore by CluTius Rapmculus A/apecuradcs longa/pica, by Thai,us Rapuncnlus fylvefiris Sficatus, and by Tabermontanus Rapmculus nemorofus primus : the third is called by Clufms Rapunculus Alopccuroides orbicular, penefisica, by Columna Rapum. tium corniculatummontanum : the firff of the fourth kinde Thalms calleth Rapmculus fylvefiriscsrulew umbeflatut minor, and is the fecond Rapmculus umbtllatus in Camcrarius his figures,at the end of his bonus medicus which Bauhinus calleth Rapmculus umbeffatus latifolius: the fecond of the fourth kinde, is the fuff umbeUatusof thole three figures of Camcrarius, and is the %•puvculus fylvefiris ceruleus umbeUatus major of Thalms which Bauhinus calleth umbellattu angnfiifeslm ; and the third of the fayd fourth kinde, is the feventh umbella’tus w j t h Thahus, and the third of Camcrarius his figures, which Columna calleth Rapuntium alterum angufiifolium A/pi. vum, and Ranh,mu Rapunculu, umbellatus folio gramineo ; the fift is PetromaruU,feu Latlucapetrea Cretica both by Homriu, Bellas, in his firff E pilfle to C‘"fius, and by 7’«in his Mens Baldus, and by Terr antes fmperatm in bis general! Hiftory, which thereupon Bauhinus calleth Rapmculus Creticus,fe,s Trramidali, altera ■ the fixtis called by Bauhinus Rapmculus Alpines feu Pyramidalis minor, and thinketh it to be the Campanulafolii, Cerruti, ct rulea oCBcJlerus ,n horto Eyiletenfi.The feventh is called by Thahus Rapmculus Campanula,us Ncrie Mils tertius and by Tabermontanus Rapmculus nemorofus. The eighth is called by Columna Rapuntium five Erinus maono flore’ and by Bauhinus Rapmculus ncmcrofus magno flore minor. The ninth and tenth are io called by Bauhinus as they are in their titles: Angmllara taketh the eleventh to be Cantabrica pliniy, and Ctfalpinus Phyteuma unices flore, in fummis caulicults, and is alfo the Campanula minor rotundfoha of' 'Label, or A/pina rotundiori. bus,mis foliis of Clufms which Bauhinus would diffinguilh, and thereupon hath given as he faith, a truer figure of that Alpma rotund,folia minor, but afiuredly they cannot differ, otherwife than the place may give it fortbat I have feene and gathered both thele forts, with the differences fpecified, in one and the fame ground almoft The twelfth is called by Tabermomanus Rapmculus fylvefiris flore ex pnrpurco cand.cante, and by Gerard Cam,a. uulamimr,alba&purpurea for that they grow ufually on the barren dry Heath of Hampfled, and other grounds under the buflies. The thirteenth is called by Bauhinus Campanula A/pina linif.Ua cerulea- the fourteenth by Ta- bcrmontamis Rapunculus nemorofus tertius ,and by Bauhinus Rapmculus nemorofus angufiifolius parvo flore and faith it is the fame with Cjcrards Campanula lutea l.nifolia. The fifteenth and fixteenth are fo named as their titlesdc- monftrate them by Bauhinus, who onely remembreth them : thelaftisremembredby^/mwwin lib deexoticis. ' The Vertues. The rootes ofall the forts of Rampions.and folikewife fomeof the Bell-flowers, efpecialiy if they haveany greater rootes, than the ordinary flringieones,are ufed for fallets either cold with vinegar oyle and pepper, or boyled and (tewed with butter or oyle,and fome blackc or long pepper call on them; either way or any way elfe they are familiar to the ilomacke, flirnng up the appetite, and by reafon of their temperate quality, caufetha good digeltion, and engendreth (lore of cniltte in nurfes breaftts; the rootes beaten fmall, and mixed with fome meale of Lupines, clenfeth the skinnefrom fpots, markes, or other difcolourings The diftilled water of the whole plants, rootes and all, performed) the fame, and maketh the face very fplendent and clears Chap.' Tribe Lthougn I have fee forth in my former booke many forts of Foxgloves, being all of them pretty ornaments to a Garden that is kept for delight, yet there is one remaining to bee fpoken of} being commonly knowne to grow wilde in our land, in every countrey almofl:, fo thac it is not thought worthy a place in our Gardens (although in other countries beyond the Seas, where it is not fo familiar,it is as greatly defired as any other with us, that is common with them} but I thinke not amide to expred'e the names of them 1 have formerly fet forth, that fo you may fee all the forts in one place -.Digitalis max'maferrnginex,X)\m coloured Foxgloves, Digitalis major flore cameo, Blufli coloured Foxgloves. Dieita/is media fiore lute o rubente , Orengetauny Foxgloves. Digitalis major alba. The grea¬ ter White Foxglove .Digitalis alba altera,feu minor, The lelfer white Foxglove. Digitalis major lutea flore ample; The greater yellow Foxglove,, whofe figure I give you herewith the common : and ‘Digitalis minor lutea, five pallida. The fmall pale yellow Foxglove. Dioitalispttrpttreavulgaris. Common purple Foxglove. This common Foxglove hath many long and broad leaves lying upon the ground, dentedabout theedges, a little foft or woolly, and of akindof hoary greene colour, among which rife up iundry flalkes fometimes, and but one very often, bearing fuch leaves thereon, from the bottome to the middle; from whence to the top it is ftored with large and long hollow reddifh pulple flowers, a little more long and eminent at the lower edge, i with fome white fpots within them one above another with fmall greene leaves at every one, but all of them • turning their heads one way,and hanging downewards, having fome threds alio in the middle, from whence I!rife round heads,pointed fiiarpc at the ends,wherin fmall brownefeede lyeth : therootes arc many fmall huskie i fibres,and fome greater firings among them; the flower hath no fent, but the leaves have a bitter hot tafle. The T lace. It groweth in dry fandy grounds for the mod part,and as well on the higher as lo wer places under hedge Gdesj in every country alrfioft of this Land,; The Time\ Itflowreth feldome before l0^,and the feede is ripe in Auguft. The tiames. It was not knowne unto any of the ancient Greek or Latin writers,for it hath fcarfe attained a Latin name other then Digitalis from the hollow forme of the flowers,which are like finger ftalles: Some have taken it to bee a kinde of Verbafcum, Cafalp'mw calleth it Virga regia major fore pttrpureo, Alifma alfo and Damafoniam, and Fifitslapafloris. Tragus calleth it Campanula [jtveflris,flore pssrpssreo, mi flore lateo : Columna taketh it to bee the Fpkemsritm olDio/iorides,mdDalechampim upon P/«yt»kethit to bee CaUthdma ViolaPlinij, as I fayd be= o 4 /HAP, Theatrum Botanicum. Tk 1 E E,,^ fore: the Italians call it Aralda ^sCamerarim faith, the French call it Gent'de nofire *Z) ame , and Doigtier the Garmanes call it Finger huet and Finger kraut , the Dutch Vingercruidt ,and we in Englifb Foxgloves. 5 The fertues Th z Italians have an uluall proverbe with them concerning this herbe,called by them Aralda which is Aralda ' tutte piaghe fa/da i Aralda falveth all (ores: for they ufe it familiarly to heale any frefh or greene wound or cut 3 the leaves being but bruifedand bound too, and fometimes alio they ufe thejuyce in old fores to clenfc them* dry up their moyjlure, and heale them the more fpeedily,which it performeth by the bitter quality therein where! by it is found to be heating and drying and clenfing wichall; fo that whenfoever there is neede of a rarefying or extenuating of thickc tough flegme and vifeous humours troubling the chefi: or ftomacke; the deco&ion or juice hereot made up with fome Sugar or honey is available, asalfo to clenfeand purge the body both upwards and downewaidsfbmetimes, of tough flegme,and clammy humours, and to open the obftru&ions of the Liver and t)plecne ; and yet notwithftandiug that thefe qualities are found to bee in it, there are but few 7 Phyfitions in our times that put it to thefe ufe- , but is in a manner wholly negle&ed : It hath beene found by late experience to be available for the Kings Evi l, the herbe bruifed and applyed to the place, or the juice made up into an oint¬ ment and ufeu thereon : And it hath beene of later experience found alfo to be effeftuall againftthe Falling flek- ne lie, that divers have beene cured thereby • for after the taking of the decoftion of two handfulls thereof with loure ounces of Poltipody i of the oake bruifed made in Ale, they that have beene troubled with that difeafe 20 .ye 3 res,and have fallen once in a weekeortwoor three times in a moneth, have not fallen once in 14. or ic monethsjthat is urn ill the writing hereof,which I thinke may be fayd to be an abfolute cure, not to be prefumed that after fo long flay it fhould returne againe. Chap. LXXXIIL Helenium five Enu la Camp an a. Elecampane.' , . j . .r— , — *».v-aiiipduc;( anuo that vyhich is thought to be Dtofcorides his Heleniu cSEpyp- uum in the next: ) the defeription of which yon ft all have in this manner. It fhootech forth many large leaves lying ncare the ground which are long and broad, fmall at both ends, fomewhar foft in handling, of a vvhirifh greene on the upper fide, and gray underneath, each let upon a fhort footeftalke ; from among which rife up di¬ vers great and ftrong hairy llalkes three or foure foote high,with fome leaves thereon comparting them about at the lower ends,and are branched towards thetoppes, bea¬ ring divers great and large flowers, like unto thole of the Marigold, both the border of leaves, and the middle thrumbe being yellow, which turne into downe, With fome long fmall brownifh feede among it, and is carryed away with the winde : the rootc is great and thicke,branched forth divers wayes, blackifh on the cut- fide,and white within,of a very bitter tafte,but good fenr, elpecially when they are dryed, no part elfe of the plane having any finell. The Place. It groweth in the moyft grounds and fhadowy places oftner then in rhe dry, and open borders of fields and of th^ L^d 10 ^ Cr W3 ^ C ^ IaCeS 3lm °^ in Cvery countre y The Time. It flowreth in the end of June and luly, and the feede is ripe in Augufi the rootes are gathered for ufe, as wel 1 in w Pnng be( ° re c 1C Ieaves comc forth i as in Autumne or Winter. Heletiinm five Enula Campana. Elecampane. The Names. It is called in Greeke srfrtn, Helenium alfo in Latine and of fo yaelmU, and EmU, and SnuU C«mm* : fome thinke it tooke the name from the teares of Helen, f rom whence it fprung which is a fable 3 others that (hee had Lthough'D ;ofcorides ,Theophrafim and that followeth them,did in ancient times account of di¬ vers herbes to be called Re Ionium , which were much differing one from another, and which arc not fo well knowne as gueft at by us in thefe times what tuey are, as that Helenium otner kinds of Ciflus, whercofthcrearetwoprincipall.onethatbeareththe fweete Gum LacUmm and another that doth not, according as fome doe dillinguiili them; or as others doe into male & fcl male ; yet fome make three kinds.and the Ciflus Ltdon to be the third, but it may bee comprehended under the female kind, in that it beareth white flowers as the female doth, the male alwayes bearing red flowers: but be- catde there is fo much varietiein every of them, I will diftribute them into their feverall Chapters, not inten¬ ding to fpeake of thofe here, I have (poke of in my former booke, which is one of eyther of the two firfl forts and two or three of the laft,yet if I give you their figures,it fhall be to fhew you their differences * mat anguftifoliut. Narrow leafed male Ciflus, Tms fmall Ciflus grotveth like a fmall fhrubbe or bulb, with divers wooddy branches thereon, fet with leaves on each fide two together, which ate longer and narrower, foftetalfo, and not altogether fo hoary or wool- ly as that fort which 1 have already fet forth, clfe not differing from it, for the flowers are like unto thofe of the wild Eglantine or Brier Rofe,of a fine delayed reddifh colour, like unto the other, as the heads and feede are *£ feSfcEToS’^£froflfZ C tt7ortT :thiS iS f0meWhaC m ° re render t°keepc, a n d wil‘ leffe abid= , . *• Cifiut mat foliofitbrotuado. Round leafed Male Ciflus. This other Ciflus is fome what mote woolly then the former,and his leaves are larger ,rounder,and more rough Ciflut mas vulgaris Tke more ordinary male CiflHS. 1. Ciftuimai angvftifolius. Narrow leafed male Ciftij*. the* Tribe* 5, The Theater of 'Plants. Chap.85. 655) ctflus men brevtorc/oho. SmnJI leafed male Ciftus!, I m m Ids f m !0‘ m m Mu. m >41 then it: the flowers alfo are fomewhat larger and of a deeper co- .{our, and the heads of feede bigger, hard and hairy as the other, with reddffh feede in them; and herein confifteth the chiefeft dif- iferences from them. n. ci/hu mas folio brtviore. Small leafed male Ciftus. This fmall Ciftus for io I may call it,as well in retpecl of the growth being lower, and the branches (lenderer, then in any of , die other,as in that the leaves hereof are fmaller and Ihorter then in the firlf here fet forth, and are alio greener, and rougher and • more clammy and fweeter alfothenany male Ciftus: the flowers 1 are of a paler colour like in forme unto the other, but fomewhat [.larger and fweet,which is not found in any other ofthis lort,and abide longer in their huskes before they fall; in other things it differeth not. 4. Ciftus mas huMilit. The low male Ciftus. I This Ciftus groweth lower .bending downc his many branches . from the roote almoft.ro the ground, not much above halfca yard long, the leaves that are not fet by couples, as in the other forts of Ciftus are (mail and crumpled, unevenly waved as it were on the edges white and hoary: the flowers thatftand at the end a of the branches are many let together of an equall height, in^ i forme ofanurnbell.or tuft,or nolegay.but fmaller, yet of a brigh- 1 ter reddiih purple,then are in the lecond fort here let forth : che heads which containe blackifh feede, are fmaller then in the other,and are almoft hidde in the fmall huskes that hold them. The Place. All thefe forts grow in Spaine and Portugal! and fome of them in Prance and Italy, The 'time. They all doe flower in CMay in their naturall places, but about Midfomer with us,and lometimesearlier. The Names. Itis called in Crecke and wVJ©-, Ciftmmi Cifthnt which the Latines alfo doe hold, not haying any other name whereby toexprefleit: fome alfo call it w'Sa£?i’and*jWe;i', Citharort and Cijfarcm.tis perad venture derived ffom lu ’«"rCijf<« Hedera, which ciuiahT liny hiserrour; for in writing of Hedera in his 16. Book'“ n d 34-Chap. hee faith it is of two forte, male and female,&c. which in his 14. Booke and Io. Chap, hee faith the Cifttis hath : but it maybee Pliny way herein deceived by a falfe copy of Tbeophraftus, which hee follow e< I which had “w inftead ui^r©- for Cj^e.a in transiting of Tbeophraftus, doth fall into the fame errour with Pl m 7 >. making Hedera to bee male and female, with flowers likeRofes but afluredly unleffe the copies were falfely written, which bred that errour, we cannot judge that Thcophraftw; who had written lo cxaftlyin another place o f the feverall (orts of Ivie,fhould be fo much forgotten in this, to fay Ivie hath flowers like Rofes.&c. Some call it RofaSjhatica : the Arabians c all it RamiPl Ahhchjx Ibaio.tlthis-.tht Italians Cifio snafehio-. the Spaniards Corynacos and Ejlcpa : the Porttigalls Rofeila; the French und Dutch Cifte, and we in Englijb male Ciftus likewife or the Sage Rofe, becaufethe leaves of the one fort are rugped and hoary like Sage leaves, and the flowers like Angle Rofev, but why Gerard fhould call it the Holly Role I fee no reafon, having no refemblance unto Holly, but bccaufe that name hath bcene long impofed upon it,I will let it fo paffe. All thefe forts of Male Ciftus, with the other fet forth in my other booke, arc remem- bred by Clufttts in his Hiftory of Plants,and needenot furtheramplification. TheVtrtues , The Male Ciftus is drying and aftringent, and not without fome little heate, yet fome tliioke it to bee cold, and is very profitable to flay bleedings at the mouth or nofe, vomitings, and weakenefle of the ftomacke, and fluxes ofblood or humours in man or woman, as the Laske.the Blooddy ftix, and all other extraordinary fcow- riugs or loofenefle of the belly,and womens inordinate courles: the flowers faith Diofccridcs and Cyakn are the molt effeftuall for thole ptirpofcs.to be drunke in red wine, yet the leaves and young (hoots or buddes may bee ufed with good fuccefle : and thefe applyed in a ferote to any fealding or burning of fire or water doth heale them quickly: the^fo bruifed and 1 -.yd to any greene wound,clofeth the lippes thereof and reftraineth the blee- - ding t the leaves aWpindtheyoungfhootes boyled in wine, and filthy or old Vlcers waffled with the decoftion thereof.yea although they be cankrous, eating or fpreading Vleers,w ill wonderfully and quickly (lay the freeing moyft humors,and dry and heale them: the diftilled water of the leaves and flowers is of the like efficacie, and in all things where there ncedeth drying, binding and ftrengthning, this is to very good purpofe applied. ■*sm •sgg Chap; Chap. LXXXVI. % Ciftm femina. The female Cidus. WJIllP !ii c ^ t:na * e Cidus aslfayd before isdidinguifhed from the male, in that it bearetb not redfiowet S'tI ,Ike ic > while ° r yellow', whereof there are many forts as the fucceeding delcriptionsdoede •ii&. x& ilu “arc not intending to fet downe in this place that fort that is exprefled in my former bookc andi c - ,e h 1 11 of Clufim in his Hiftory of Plants,although I fhew you the figure thereof. a. Ciftwfam'ma folio Halimt major. The greater Sea Purflane leafed Ciflus. This kinde of Ciflus tiro vech up with (lender hoary brittle branches, two or three foote high ufually at the mo# plentifully dored with thicke hoary leaves, very (ike unto Sea Purflane; fomewhat round pointed twr alwayesfct at a j'oynt.oie oppofite to another asisufuallin mod of the forts of Ci(lus ; the tops'of the branches are furmflied with many yellowifli flowers leflcr then thofe of the firft female Ciflus, with fome yellow thred* m the middle ofthein, after which come fomewhat long and three fquare heads conteining within them fmalk hrowniili feede. s - Cf m f^rmna folio Halimi minor. The Idler Sea Purflane leafed female Ciflus, i his other Ciflus rifeth up more high and upright then the former, but no Icffe hoary, and fet with fomewhan narrower and longer leaves then the former, and more pointed at the ends, the middle ribbe at the backe of the lioary leaves, being greater then in the other, yet both of an auflere, (harpe, and binding tafte, the flowers have not beene obferved by Clufiw who firlt let it forth and front whom all others have exprefled ir. 3. Cijlmfaxina folio Stmpfucbi. Marjeromc leafed Ciflus. . The flendcr weakc branched flalkes ofthis Ciflus are thicke fet with many fmall hoary leaves, very like unto Marjeroine, but fomewhat lefler, and w’ith a thicker ribbe on the backe of every [cafe, two together as is ufu- all in the red ; the flowers are fmall and white, compofed of five round pointed leaves, with adarkc purplifb fpot at the bottomeofeveryleafe, with divers yellow threds in the middle : the feede hereof is eravifh that followeth in fmall three fquare heads. ° ’ ’ 4. CiftiH famine Lmendulttfolio. Lavender leafed Ciflus. The chiefed difference in this Ciflus from the lad is in the leaves,being fmall and long like unto Lavender yea fo like that a sClufim faith,he verily thought them plants to be Lavender that he fird faw, and fo nesleflcd them untill feeing the flowers upon them which were wholly white, without any fpot in them, he plainelv then law that it wasakindofCidus. r ' S- Cijlmfcmina folio Thjmi. Time leafed Cidus.' Theflalkes ofthis Ciflus are brownifh and wooddy, tiling a foote high for the mod part without any leaves 66a Chap. 1 Theatrum Botanicum-. Trib 8 . Ciflus annum folio Ledi. Ledum leafed anmnll Ciflus.’ upon them but toward the toppes: there Hand many fmall greene leaves at a joynt.verv like unto thofe of Time the flowers arc fmaller then in the other, and wholly white like unto the reft. * V 11 mt T „ , . J- CiJlofimli,frHt'xe X otic M . The Ciflus like ftrange fbrubbe I mull needes joyne this fhrubbe unto the reft,feeing Label who firft fet it out did lb account it. and all other rhathave mentioned ltfince him doe referre it thereto, al- e-account u, ana ail other though it have fmall likenefle but in the leaves unto any of them (for as 1 have fayd before, and the rule is mofl certaine the flowers and feede of any plant doe befl demonflrate under’ whatjrr»«r any fttcici is to be referred, which in this is far-t theft remote, having round woolly heads) and I thinke none' ofus ever law the plant, but as Label faith it hath wooddy 1 branches like unto a Ciflus, with rugged long leaves thereon, like unto thofe of Sage or Mints, and round woolly heads at the toppes like unto Plane tree heads. 7. Ciflus annnw folio folic is. Willow leafed annual! Ciflus. , The Willow leafed Ciflus of a yeare (for I have given ano¬ ther of this fort in my former booke whofe figure I here give yon) hath divers (mail hairy leaves lying upon the ground, fomewhat like in forme to Ollive or Willow leaves, but much fmaller,among which rile up hairy ftalkes about a footc and a halfehigh, let with two leaves at a joynt, much fmaller then thofe below, at the toppes whereof grow many fmall pale yellow flowers, and fometime more white one above another without any fpots on the leaves, as in that other is fet forth already,which do fcarlcabide a day but i'uddenly fall,the feede vclfclls that are skinny and three fquarc,containing fmall feede appeare quickly after. 8 . Ciflus amtrw folio Ledi. Ledum leafed annuall Ciflus. This other Ciflus rifeth higher with greater (femmes but not lelfe hairy then the other,having two or three leaves fet at the feverall joynts, longer and narrower then the laft, and fmaller pointed, fomewhat rough, and of a deeper greene colour: the flowers fade as quickly,and grow iingly towards the toppes, with the leaves as large as the laft, and of afairepaleyellow colour: with heads and feede fuccceding in the like manner and yearely perifhing alfo.yet it hath feme., times abidden a Winter in my Garden when it hath not flow- red with me in the Summer before. The Place. Some of thefe grow in Spoils, and fome upon the cold Alpes and Mountaincs in Germany. r -ru /- • . The Time. oiii, /«>. W " “ •'CMolcaC,,, nr fair in fa null pl.rfe, l»t non mill Im. with doe fay, doe call the annuall Ciftus,as well that which hath foots as that h "h 7 Lu £ ciu ’’ e "fi s hom Mieonut name of Turmer *, from Turmeu which fignifieth Tuber0 i-hoCc’. 'a” wh c , h ’“'i? non ^ 0B thc flowers, by the to be eaten ; becaufe where that flirnb gro weth they ufuallv finrwf f '’ °ff 3 pa j es tl l at . are or fit nenfis callech it Tuber orU, and both C&Rm and he Hne W l R d h ? ft P uffesd ? e breede.and therefore Lugdu. becaufe it (hewed whern thofe be the H ^ llm of in Ashe. peate the fame things againe. 1 M e a PP lied > and therefore it lhall not neede to rc- Ghap. L X X X V11. Ciflus Ledon. The fweete Sum Cift us . Ta I b e 5. Tbe Theater of Tlants. Chap.87. 66 5 in my former booke, comming ncaretothe forme of Bay leaves, otadarkefhininggrcene colour on theupper fide, and grayifn underneath, which are clammy in feeling as the young fihoots andftalkes artalfo, and of a ftrong fweet lent to be felt a great way off.efpecially in the hot Summer time,& in the naturall places,much more then in thefe conutries : at the toppes of every branch come forth fingle white flowers, made of five broad round pointed leaves, fometimes without any fpots in them, as is alfo to bee fecne in that other with narrow leaves formerly d. feribed, and fometimes having a darke purple fpot at the boctome of every leafe pointed up¬ wards,which in forne are greater mothers leffer, with divers yellow thredsin the middle: after the flowers are pall there come in their places fomewhat round great hard heads, conteining within them fmall brownifh feede; the root is wooddy.and lpreadech many branches but not very deep. Label maketh mention of a fort hereof which MyrtifoU- beecalieth Latifoliumoy Mjrtifal'mm, which hath fundry leaves comming forth together in other things little am feu La* differing from the former. 2. Cishti Lriian Popultieaf/owle major. The greater fwcete Ciftus with Poplar like leaves. Lobetj. This greater Iweete Ciftus rifeth not fo high as the former, but about three foote, the brittle branches have leaves fet on them, in the fame manner that they are in the former, thatistwo ata joyntone againft another, but are larger then in any fort of Ciftus, being like unto the leaves of Ivie, or the blacke Poplar tree, broadell at the flalke, and pointed long at the end, greene on the upper fide and grayifh underneath, fomewhat thickc and rough in handling, not having while they are young any da'mminefle or fweereneffe on them at all, but onely when they are growne old : the flowers are wholly white,and fmaller then in eyther of the former, yeeldin" five fquarc pointed heads,with fmall blackifh feede in them. 3. Ciflfu Ledon Populnea fr.or.de miner. The fmaller fweet Ciftus with Poplar leaves. This other Ciftus is in all things like the laft, but that it groweth much lower, and the leaves although of the fame forme, yet much fmaller. 4. CjJlttJ Ladanifera Cypria. The fweete Gum bearing Ciftus of Cyprus, This Candy kindc of fweete Guin Ciftus groweth with his blackifh fpreading branches not much above two foote high, whofe blackifh greene leaves are not fo large as the firft here fet forth, nor fo narrow as that kind which is exprelTed in mp former booke but betweene them both, plentifully ftored (no doubtJ in the na¬ turall countrey with that Iweete clammy dew or gum that is in the others of this kind,although nothin-* fomuch in thefe colder Tranfalpine countries: the flowers are white like unto the fecond fort here expreffed, and fo are both heads and feede. y. Ciftw Ledonhirfutnmjive quartern Chtfii. The fweete Gum Ciftus with hairy leaves. Theieavcs of this Ciftus are fofterthen in others,and fomewhat hairy,being long and narrow, but round poink ted,let on the (lender weake branches that are (carle two foote high, but as full of that clammy gumminefle as in any other, as well when they are young as old : the flowers are fmall and white like untorhofe of the' female Ciftus: the feede that followcth therp in great skinny heads is black but larger then in any of the reft. 66>4 C h a p. 87 . I'beatmn Botanicum , Tribe 5- z. Ci//niL:don 1 1 pulnca Jroade major. Tiie greater fweetc Cifttis with Poplar lihe leases. >. Cufitui Ledon Pcpulniafronde minor. Tlie fmaller fweete Ciftus with Poplar leaver' 6. Cijhu Ledon oU& folij The fweete Ciftus with Olive like leaves. This Ciftus hath ftronger wooddy blackifli branches then the reft, whofe flat and clammy leaves arc Ion" and narrower then thofe of the Olive tree ; the flowers hereof are\vhite, but the fmallcft of any of this kind, the feede is (mall and browne. 7. Ciftus Ledon anottJtU folijs. Narrow leafed fweete Ciftus. This fweete Ciftus is very like the firft, 6ut that the leaves are narrower then they and the white flowers larger ; the branches and leaves have fuch fweete Gum on them, as is on the others of this kinde. 8 . Cijhu Ledon fepthnum CluJive Rofmarinis hifridjifolijs, Sweete Ciftus with hoary rough leaves. The many branches of this fweete Ciftus arc ofan afhcolour,plen- tifully ftored with long and narrow leaves like Rofemary, all hoary, and rough withal!, yet clammy with that fweet Gum upon them as is in the former : the flowers are many fmall and white like the reft. 9 . QRm Ledon ottavum^Jive Rofemtrinii folii, fubtui incanii . Hoary Rofemary leafed fweete Ciftus. The branches ol this < iftus are not much greater but more fpread abroad then the laft : the leaves are thinner but long and narrow, grecne above and whitifh underneath, like as the ordinary Rofe¬ mary hath,as clammy with that fweetc Gum as others; theflow- ers are many, fmall and yellow thatftand all along on the ftalkes, and the toppes of the branches; the feed is ofa blackifli gray colour. 10. Cijhu Ledon Ro[marinis folijs fttbtw non incanis . Rofemary leafed fweete Ciftus not hoary. As the fmall narrow leaves of the laft were greene above and gray undergo this Ciftus hath them wholly greene, and not gray on the unger fide, but are fomewhat larger then it, and more thinnelyor Cifltt' Ltd urn hir/ufum five qtiartvm Clufii. The fweete Gum Ciftus With hoary leaves. 666 Ch a p.&j. Tbeatmm c Botankum. I RI B P/rvL- oifii alij duo. fparfedly let on the dry laplefle branches, which are lower then it and more Gummy whereon the flowers Ann A' 11. Ciflm LedumfoliUThimi. Time leafed fweete Ciftus. - This Ciftus beateth fmail leaves not much unlike Time leaves on the clammy blackiflh {mail branches 0 f ah™,» a footc high; the flowers hereof were not feene no more then in the laft, butthc heads of this weremanvftan ding together upon long footeflalkes. without any feede in them. y - >’■ Mjrto Cifim Pcrmei. D r . Penny his Mirtle like Ciftus. The Mirtle like Ciftusof IX Pemj his finding, is a fhrubbe of foure or five foote high, vvhofc ftalkcs and branthcsarc covered with a rugged barke, fee as it were with knobbes or bunches, which quickly fall awav from the elder branches ; the leaves are very like Mirtle leaves, and are no Idle rugged then the barke vet or™ imooth intone, and are fet one againft another at every joynt, bedewed with that lweete clammy raoifture « in others, the flowers are fmail and ycllow,confiftingof five long leaves,with many yellow thieds in the middln . after the flowers are path, come fomewhat long five iquarc heads with fmail feed-, therein. e » 13. Citlui Lad.mifcra(fretica vera, The true fweete Gum Ciftus ofCandy Although I fayd in the beginning of the Chapter of male Ciftus that the male kind onely boare red j the .emale white, including the Ledum under them, which as I faydalwaycs bore white flowers ver rh' * nerall rule ad mitteth fomc exception, as in this plant I here doe fhew you, which groweth in Candy In ,? ge " dantly ; ar.d from whence alio onely the Candies gather Ladanum as BeRetiut being there truly obferved ° Ul j not from the other forts of Ledov, and A/pimn faith the fame by the relation ofothers who hath chusdelrrih d" ’ It groweth to a cubits height or more, with fundry long wooddy branches, with two and fometimes more I "* ' fet thereon together at feverallfpaces one againft another, being greater then thole of the male Ciftus f cave * ! what like unto Sage leaves, and bedewed very much with that fweete clammy humour or Gum called mtm efpccially in the Summer time, the flowers that grow at the toppes ofthe branches are like the male r'lt *" and of a purplifli colour, but greater then they, after which come fmail long and round hard blackifhl A 1 containing imall feede within them. A'.pinm joynech hereunto two other lorts of baftard Ciftm Ledtm th*' whereof is uot as he conceive* lit to bee called Ciftus, having little or no refemblance to anv hav.'ml T ftalkes and branches with a few fmail long leaves like unto Privet, fet ar certaine long diftance’s one f acr ther, with white flowers at their toppes, much lefl'er then thole of Ciftus, without anv fenr and bZZnrJ'T mbheke pods afterwards. The other baftard (ort hath many foft ftalkes with loft woolly leaves there • forme like Mirtle leaves or lefl'er, two or fburc (landing at a place by diftar.ces, the flowers are whi-e ,.a r thefeede veltels be ofthe bigneffe of Cichepeafe.and the fmail leede yellow within. lC * nd fma11 i The fUce,. A|! thefe forts of Ciftus grow onely in the warmer countries of Frame, Spain, Portae alt, Italy Candy and other Eafternc parts, and not in any of rhele colder countries that ever I could Icarne f the twelfth MWe like Ciftus Dr. Peaty a famous Phyfltion of London in his time, found in the Ifland Majorca, and (hewed ro Cludt Xl dryed pi ant,which he kept by him,and gave him the defection ofit,which he publifaed with the other m print- the laft and the two baftard forts grow in Candy, from whence we had the knowledge of them. ° P - The Time. All thefe lorts of fweete Ciftus doe flower earlier by much in their natural! countries then they doc in ours ’ for they never arc in flower in our countries untill My or Augufi, and feldome doe give any ripe leede ’ The Names. It is called in Greeke Leden, and U*e Ladon, qni, (ferfat) folia get levin at, niudafuttj'dpoti*, rau.bra (t-pannofa, the Latins keepe the Greekename, and call it Ledum, becanle they all have that clammVlWewn huinoar on them more or iefle, and Ladum, f-om whence commeth the name of Ladanum. which is thar Wr gumme ,s gathered from the leaves and branches of but one fort as Mattbiolu, and Cafa/pinm feeme to avmmh and Belton,m averred, in h.s ftrft booke ofoblervations and feventh Chap, but others fay from many of them and is moft ufed now adayes in perfumes to fmell unto,and to burne, yet fometimes Phyfically alfo : the manrer of gathering whereof in thefe dayes is fom-what like one of thofe wayes was ufed in Diofcorides and P/Mes,Z° which was that they ufed to Men long Ropes but wee now long Thongs of ra w or untanned Leather to a lone poale or ftlcKe made like a Rake, without teeth, which by drawing them over the bull,es, gather that dew nr gum that isupon them and in the heate of the day and Sun, they ferape it from thofe Thongs, and make ftun into balls or lumpes: the ocher was to combe of that fweete gum from rhe beards and haunchel of the S that browled and rubbed themfelves on thofe bufhes that grew in the Ifle of Cyprus -.the Arabians cali che ™ Charm ,.and the gumme Leden an d Laden, the Spaniards call thc’firft fort Xara, Xareuna, and Xaeuaeca Zn fd l InracPp. M Unfit, faith = but the fourth kind of CA&r which is the fift here, heftith they call Ardiviefi *£ otner Clmftran nations I thinke follow the, reeke and Latme name, with fuch diverfitie as their Dialeft affo deth; wee as I fayd may call ,c Ledum as others doe, or the fweete Ciftus, or fweete Gum Ciftus whether you will: it needeth not to make any long repetition of references of every oneofthefe feeing rhe J are Clufiu, his relations, and may caiily face found by any which is which V " g the mo11 of thcm 7 he Vertues, Becaufc all or mod: of thefe lweete Ciftus are more hot then the former lorts ver nnr lefl> Arvlnr, then any of them, they are ufed to warme and dry up all cold defluxions of the braine and cl/rvfeh thatthl gum Lad.mnm is hot m the end of the firfl degree, almoft entrinp into the feconft and’harh home M m- Ct tV- e in It : furthermore it is of a thinne fubftance, whereby it is mollifying and moderately dmeltinv and^herehv very effeftuall in the hardnelfe and other difeafes of the mother, ro eale the win*"Thereof '^and S ’to heale rh fe v.cers th It happen therein ; by the taking ofthe fume thereof undcrnea.h o' T PP yt tin the lubftance beine made up with Stoma; and honey, in a LeU or Eleauary.it is very profitable J the Cough iflt be old or'inth! Longs .being taken inwardly it provoke* Vnne, and (lave* the laskc or flux of the belly ’and eafeth the gri- pmg pauses thereof proceeding from chollerick fliarpe humour, & is very good for all fowe?^betchings orr^fting - being uieu an oyntmenr with Mirrhe.oyle of Mirtle. and Wine, it ftayeth the falling of the hafre and bafdl nefle thereupon s it helpeth alfo the paines in theeares, being uled with fame oyle of Rofe bcfaL diflolvedin wine, and the places waited therewith that have any fearre or deformity therein, it doth wonderfulljalter *e colour Tr ibe.^. The Theater of Tlants . Chaf. 88. 667 n iA„nnHevillfiEht thereof, andmakeththemtobe well colonred againe : cythcr the gumme or the leaves and h inrhes bovled in lye,and the head wafhed therewith doth clenfe it from fcabbes,fcurfe, or dandrafte growing thereon, and curethalfo old running and watering foresand Vicerain the Legges or other parts of the body s theoyle made thereof workethto the like effefts. Chat. IXXXVIII. Hypociftis. The Vndergrowth or Excrefcence of the Ciflus. Thinkc it fitted toentreate of this Excrefcence proper onely to the forts of Ciflus by it fclfe, and no: termixitwiththehiftoryand deferiptionsof them, or among the other Rapes or excrelfcnces of other Plants lit is of divers colours according to the kinds of Chius, under which and from whole rootes it oroweth and fpringeth as the Broome Rape, and other excrefcences doe from the aboun- dance of fuperfluitie of moidure,caufing putrefaftion ; but this is of a peculiar fafhion : Itrifethup , - - c-1- - as alfo from many forts of the Ledum or fweete Ciflus} neare or under the demme of the fas well from the rootes ofthe male Cidus as female; as alfo from many forts o! , with divers upright dalkcs,covered with fmall leaves thickest thereon (eythem Cidus or fomewhat further off,in divers places as the rootes doe (pread) fcarfe a foote high, having many flow- ' ers growing at the toppes full of juice, the whole plant riling from the male Cidus at the fird fpringing up,_ be- Eporifiis. The undergrowth or Excrefience of the Ciftus. fnu of an orient bright crimfon colour,but much paler afterwards and the flowers whitilh at the lad, which ftand ' manv together at the toppes ofthe dalks,arc every one fafhioned fomewhat like unto the buds and flowers of the ' Pomparnat tree or rather like unto the woodden nollell of a Ca n dleflicke, which paffe away, leaving feede as fmalfas dud in the hardheads or leede veflells, which are un- profitable to produce the like plant, as the berries of thcM.flctoe are, being as it is but an excrefcence, growing as I fayd from fuperfluitie of moifture and putrefaftion. That which rifeth from the rootes of the female Cidus, efpecially that with Sea Pui (lane leaves, is of a yellowcolonr And thatwhich fpring- eth from the Ledum or fweete gum Cidus, is of divers colours, being intermixt with purplifh and greene dalkes or vemes.m the pale coloured dalkcs of leaves and dowers, as Clufius hath ob¬ served and fet it downe, but fuch as T>f ofcortde, relateth to bee feme white or greene, efpecially greene hee obferved not in an ^' The Piece. It alwayes groweth from the rootes ofthe Ciflus in the natu¬ ral! places, and not in any Gardens whereunto they are tran- fp’anted. jfcjn-r. It abideth frefh many Winters after it is rifen, but is in its chie- fed beauty at the Spring, and in his full ftrength in the beginning of Summer, when is the fitted time to gather the juice. The Names. It is ufually called in Greekei!*»«sw Hypecifli, but Viofimdes faith that fome called it in his time Thubethrum and Cynnu.Clu- fiw calleth that kind which groweth on the Ledum ij'wn.five Cynemeri) ftr.tu, mdsTJodoueus Limedon eyuoddam genus •. the La- tines keepe the Greeke name, and call both the plant and the juice drawne from it Hypociftis : but as Matthiolus faith the Arabians were the caufe of the errour of the Apothecaries and others in former times; who calling Cidus by the name of Goatcsbeard,induced them to beleeve that Hypociftis was made ofthe juice of the rootes of Tragopogon called Burba Him, or Goatesbeard, fo that fuch counterfeit Hypociftis was ufually fold for true, untill they came to underhand ths true Hypociftis,mb to gather the juice from it, which is performed two manner of wayes. The bed way is to exprelfe the juice from the f refh herbe when ic is in full drength: the other is to deepe the dryed ftalks . . . . and boyle them,which after they are jTefled is to be condenfate (ey ther juice or decoftion)by evaporation m the Sunne.or by the fire, in the fame fort that Lycissm was wont to be made, as T> lofcondes faith. > uchftus tooke the Hypociftis to be a Fuum or Mujhrome, but Matthiolus taxeth him for it,and Iheweth how it lprmgcth. ' The Vertucs, The hardned juice called Hypociftis is much more binding then any other part ofanyCidns.it is a mod cer- taine, fure.and fafe medecine to day all fluxes of blood or humours, that is to fay the fpitting of blood, womens extraordinary courfes.the laske and blooddy flux: it is mixed with thole things that are applycd to the ftomacke to flay vomitings, and to ftrengthenit when it is growen weake, as alfo with thofe things that drengthenthe Liver, to be ufed ey ther inwardly or outwardly 1 it is alfo available for clammy moift humours that fall upon the joynts or finewes, thereby caufing a weakeneffc of nerves, and a folution of them ; to ufe this therefore in pilles inwardly doth wonderfully helpe to dry, andbinde, and corroborate the parts ; it is put into great Anti¬ dotes againd poyfon,and the pedilence, not for any fpec jail propertieit hath to refill the venome, but to con- ■ ; ■ 668 Cwap.89> Theatrum Botanicum . Tri B E. 5 -i lift y temperate and ftrengthenthe body; it is held to be a very good fubftitute for Acacia, which all Chriftian conn-i tries doe much want through their owne negligence, for if they would not fo much affcfl fubftitutes they mi e h"t have the true but it is binding and drying more then it. 7 8 Chap. LXXXIX. Jacobaa. Ragwort. | He have two forts of Ragwort growing wilde with us in many places, but Clujim hath found outi 1 fome othei plants which he relerreth thereunto, and there arc alfo fome of this fort growing by the I Sea fide,which I thinkefit toadj'oyne to the reft. i. Jacobta vxlgarit major. The greater common Ragwort. The greater common Ragwort hath many large and long darke greene leaves lying on the groundi very much rent and torne on the fides into many peeces, from among which rifeth up fometimes but one, and i fometimes two or three Iquareorcrefted, blackifhor brownifh ftalkes three or fourc foote high, fometimes, branched, bearing diver. Inch like leaves upon them at feverall diftances unto the teppes, where it brancheth : forth into many ftalkes, bearing yellow flowers, confiftingof divers leaves fet as a pale or border, with a darke : yelfowthrum inthe middle, which doe abide a great while, butin theend growing full ripe areturnedinto i o’owne, and with the fmall blackifh gray feede carryed away with the winde : the roote is made of many fibres, , fome greater and others leflcr whereby it is firmely faftned into theground.and abideth many yearcs. 2. lacob.ra vnlgaru minor. The lefler common Ragwort. This Ragwort is very like the precedent, fo that many that are not skilfull or curious in the obfervation of! plants do overpafle it,as judging it but the fame with the former tthechiefeft differences are thcfejitnfually rifeth i not fo high,the leaves are not fo finely jagged.nor of fo fad a greene colour, bur rather fomewhat whitifli foft and woolly,and the flowers are ufually paler, yet in many alike. ;. Iacobaa latifolin Pannonicaprima. The firft Hungarian broad leafed Ragwort. The firft leaves of this Ragwort that lyc next the roote upon the ground are round almoft, and larger then tbofe that grow upon the (talke,which have many fmall peeces or j'aggcs at the bottomes of them, whofe ends are longer and not fo round, and (till more jagged as they grow up higher,and the higheft moft jagged, very like unto the higheft leaves of the Ragwort,yet all of them notched or dented about the edges, at the top of the ftalke which is about two foote high.breake forth many branches of flowers greater then in the former, but yellow in the fame manner,and give fuch feede that is carried away with the downs; the roote is great and white with many fibres,abiding as well as the firft. ’ i. Iacobta vulgiris. Common Ragwort. i. $. l.uobai isnguflifolia& latifolia Pannonica. Hungarian Ragwort of two forts. 4 , lot fa*' 6 yo C h a p. 89. Theatrum c Botanicum. T R 1 B I 4 ~ . D 4 . Ut,folia Pamomca alZ^T The other br^dl 7 afed 7 /«»^ri® Ragwort - , Th ‘ s Ragwort is lomewhat likethe other as Cl»fw faith, but greater, havin" larger leaves and m™, - whitifh or hoary underneath and with fewer peeces of leaves or fares at the boftomc of them and dented about the edges: the flowers are large and yellow like the other. ’ d morc kni 5 . Ucob^angHfiifolia-Pannomcanonlacimata. Smooth leafed Ragwort, al I ZflS a S T° n hath ‘ omcw r hat broad and long leaves, lying next the roote, not jagged or divided nn rhe rel d y Z C&gCS ‘° fa P‘ ,e S r ' e " e oolour,foft and a little woolly withall: but thofe Z Z ZllZ d C u 8 u T ™ towe J and lon § er c °“P»ffi"g it at the footc of them: thehigheft leatf fmalleft and narrowed, where the flowers Handing above them are fet as it were in a tuft or umbel < five together, whicn while they are buds,and not blowne open, are of a darke reddifh colour b™t be ZfiZ ‘ open the pale or border of leaves are ofayellowifh red or orreng colour on the upperfide, and redd.l^Tj ncath, parted or dented at the ends, the middle thrum being of a faire gold yellow colour which 7 Undei downc and together with the feede ,s earned away with the Windc = the 8 roote Is lTkete other and contir™ 6- lacoha rotuttdifelia incar, a. Round leafed hoary Ragwort The roote o this Ragwort is browmlh, andcompofed of long firings as the other forts are from ,„h rife divers thicke and lomewhat round leaves, grecneon the upperfide, but very hairy and ho v uZ'™ derncath1 oftwo inches long a peecc, and an inch and halfebroad, witha fhort foowfia^kenZ h f Un dented about the edges , the (falke which is about a footc high, hath but few leaves there™ZddEfr ^ the'fcedehath'mji beene tondiargeyellow flowers, like unto the The Ragwort thatgroweth in our land nea^e the Sel Me'hathla'rd'ZrdVaTke^Zu^'two foote h‘ h hoary or white, whereon qrow hoary white leaves. much iappednr two roote high, all broader then any of our wild Ragworts,and fomewhat ftiffe but yet foft in handlinZhr’Z ^r Z n of thcm furnifhed with divers flowers,whofe cup. or huskes are hoarvas the refi nfrh 1 8 •. t b eto PP«°fcheftaIkesare a pale yellow colour, with a btownifh P thrum^S 'Z ' S ° f T , , * r „ 8 ‘ 1 ****’"*™**lt'r*feu*mlr. The lefler Sea Ragwort. The other fea Ragwort groweth lefkr and lower then the former,yet the leaves are Ioiwer and mn r, A‘ -a a or cut into many jagged leaves, each ,'agge being rounder pointed then the ocherof a JZa o l r f dlVlded ' above,and very white underneath ; the flowers are manv that prow-r rhr j or ^colour greene Itaikes, which are three or foure foote high fometimes, and branched but fmalle^and'of^ 4°°^ ,1 “ ar >' whi f« ™lgari. were covered with aflres, and is ufually with us called Iaccbal marina 111 rh'’ P°fr th ° Ugh !h " : well ,n other countries as in thisthe fecond is not remembred by any author that iZow h *• ^ m, ? 0n c ? IacobraPannomca oiClufi.s , the third is his Iacobra P alnjca & “ ZZ u‘ yfiy and other,. mJd ,,,, bard# Tribe 5. The Theater of'Plants, .HAP, 9 °« Carduncello and Svellicciofa maggiore : by the S patnxrds Bomaron mejcr : by the French id herbe S. laques ; by the Germans S'! Ucobs blnmen,mi S'. Jacobs ertmt ; by the Dutch S. Weeks crut/t, and Afchercrutdi, and we in Englijk S. Iamefwort and Ragwort. The Verities, Ragwort is hot and dry in the fecond degree as fomethinke, with fame bitternefTe Joyned therewith, and therefore clenfeth, digefteth, and difeuffeth: the dccedlion ofthe herbe is much commended to wafh the mouth or throat that have Vlcers and fores therein,and for fwellings,hardnefl'e or impoftiimations.for it throughly clen¬ feth and healeth them, asalfothefquinfieand the Kings Evil]it doth hdpe to^hy catarrhes, thinne rheumes and defluxions from the head into the eyes,nofe or lungs: the Juice is found by continuall experience to bee fin- mlar good, both to heale greene wounds,and to clcnle and heale all old and filthy Vlcers, as well in the privities and m other parts of the body-,and inward wounds and Vlcers alfo, andftayeththc malignitie of fretting or run¬ ning Cankers and hollow Fiftulaes, not buffering them to fpread further: it is much commended alio to hclpe aches and paines either in the fieihy parts,or in the nerves and finewes, as alfo the Sciatica or paine ofthe hippes or hucklcbone, to bathe the places with the decoftion of the herbe,or to annolnt them with an ointment made of the herbe bruifed and boyled in A.-cungi* or old Hogs Suet, with fome Mafticke and Olibanum in powder added untoit after itisftravned forth and notbefore as t/WWfaith, for fo it were to no purpofe to put them in tit is held alfo to be acertaine remedie to helpe the Staggers in Horfes, Ssnsciovnl^aris. Common GrounAfdK •M* Chap. LXXXX. S enecio, Groundfell. lofcorides,Gitten and Pliny and the other ancients have made mention, but of one fort of Senecio or Groundfell,but this later age hath found out divers other forts as fhall be prefently declared; but in that: I fet it here which might elfc have beene placed among the Inttibace* or Cichoreacea, whereof it is a jjiccies, it was to joyne it with the lacobea going before, whereunto itis liked in name face and property. I. Senecio vulgaris. Common Groundfell. Our common Groundfell hath a round greene and fomewhat browniih flalke, fpread toward the toppe into fome branches,fet with long and fomewhat narrow greene leaves cut in on the edges fomewhat like unto Rocket, or rather an Oaken lcafe, but leffer and round at the ends, at the toppes of the ifalkcs and branches (land many fmall greene knappes or heads, out of which grow fmall yellow threds or thrums which, are the flowers, which continue many dayesblowne in that mannerbefore it paffe away intodowne, and with the feede is carryed away in the winde: the roote is fmall and threddy and foone perifheth, but from the feede that is ihed it foonc rifethupagaine,fothat it may bee feene manymoncchs in the yeare, both greene and in flower and feede, for it will frping and (cede twice in a yeare at the lead if it be buffered in a Garden. 1. Senetiomontanw . Mountainc Groundfell. Of this kind there is another fort that groweth not altogether fo high, whofe leaves are' greater and more cut in on the edges, in all things elfe like the ordina - ry fort, 3. Senetiofolio non laciniato Myconi, Mycontu Spanish Goundfell. The leaves that grow upon the hard [hikes of this Groundfell are whole and not divided or cut in on the edges as the reft are, but oneiy dented like unto Ger¬ mander leaves, and grow fingly one above another thereon i the flowers are larger but yellow,and as foone fading and turning into downs as the other, the roote is laid to he more hard and wooddy. ep. Senetio incanus Jive Frigerftm tomentofam. Cottony Groundfell. This Cottony Groundfell hath much larger leaves, and more divided or torne on the edges then the other mountaine fort, of a grayifh or afhcolour foft and hai¬ ry or rather hoary all over : rhe (hikes are higher and greater, but with fuch like yellow flowers upon them and as foone fading and turning into downe almoft as the other; the roote is fmall and full of fibres. S. Senetio fatidtii . Stinking Goundfell. This (linking Goundfell hath many faire large and long leaves lying next the ground very much cut in on the edges into many divifions, fomewhat like unto thofe of Mugwort. whereupon fome have called it Ar« themifi* fetid*,but foft, and in handling very hairy, be¬ dewed with a fattie clammineffe, fo that the leaves will flicke to the fingers of them that touch them, and one Ieafe alfo unto another,hard!y to be pulled afunder.fmel- ling fomewhat ft.rong and of an ill lent,(not unpleafantly faith I BE. 5. 5- Senctto fxtldta. Stinting Groundfcll* faith Clnfue, but as others fay like SenphuUnet or £*»/« jfrom among which rife up hairy crefled ftalkes abouc a foote and ahalfe high, divided into fundry branches, bearing at the toppes fewer flowers, lefler and of’a paler yellow colour then the common fort,and upon longer footeftalkes,which quickly fade and turne into downe like the other: the roote is very fibrous yet lafteth not after fcede time, but periiheth as the firft doe, and fnrinperh againe of the (hcd or fallen feede. F b 6. Senetio odor atm. Sweet fmellingGroundfell. This Sroundfell is fomewhat like the lad fort in the foft and woolly leaves,but not fo much tome on the edges as it, whole imell is (omewhat fwecte like unto Ambrojia, or Oakc of Capped*, or the middle Cornea c r Flea- bane, the flowers are like the reft,and as foone growing old and hoary as do wnc. The Place, The firfl is found every where almoft.as well on the toppes of walls as at the foote among rubbifli, and in un^ tilled groundsbntefpecially in Gardens; thefccond is found upon hills and mainraines: the third was found by Mjcmm Spame and fent to Lyons', the fourthgroweth by Wood fides, the borders of fields, and upon old walls in many places: the lift groweth in lopped woods of Hungaria and AuJlrU, as />£<* faith and in barren and untillcd places: the laft was fent to Camerarim out of Italy. The Time. The time of the firfl to be in flower is already fet downe in the defeription, which is aimofl every Moneth : the fecond and fourth doe both come iomewhat neare unto the other.but are not fo quicke in their decaying: the fift and fixe doe flower oncly m Summer. 0 J 0 The Names. It is called in Greeke My**, Erlgerum pUv,re ftncfcU : the Latins call it Senetio, eeuia cite feM. Traou, tooke it to be th cAphe.ee, ofThyhrafiu, his feventh booke and feventh and eighth Chapters, efpeciallythe cottony kmd, which ismore bitterand called /’^ by Manardne Ferranenji,, as he faitb.numbring it alng i A °'C?ch°r"ce*, the Succory like herbes, which ,t doth in fome fort well relemble for the manner of dowrmg and periihing: but I fade in the feventh and eighth Chapters of bis faid feventh booke, S enecio named fnrTioT^h^^‘ W i',r 5 n!; C , 0nVinCCth r™j™,that W, 0 cannot be Aphara,(or there they are fet downe T : r e' d T ^■’ 7 '“'hath given us an Aphaca among the other Ckhoreacca, ■■ C, ^ orwm P rr lu *" ; S,mm tooke it to be Cardan benedicln, and Er,:n- 7 ' bUt7> T rCf ^ t l th f 0n f the other *, the Italian, call it cello Sene. rljTlta /k mm ° re ’ ? me allr °, for th 5 ofte P flowring Of it Tier Ai cone mefc : t b e Spaniard, call it jervee can, CAedomemto, w&Bonvarm ; the Trench Sene fin : the Germans Creutzvura .: the Tntd, Crwruvt and weein "ifth '' r nfe i 1 T c hCfirft !SCa " ed by 3,1 A - Uthors SeMtio ’^ d Sesmcfand minor with fomc,be- c „ufe as I laid they call the Jacobs Senecw major J& EngernjCome aifo after tbe Italian name CardmceUn ,which * verily bdceve.fhould bechatherbewas appointed to be put into the compofitisnof the Vmuenum Marcia- Tr ib e.5- The Theater of‘Plants. Chap. 91. 673 — ndnot Cur dm •fteuedisftie, as it is appointed in the Pharmacopeia Londmenfis .-the fccond is the Struck 2 . fhmtar.M of Tabermontanw and the fir AErigermu in the old Gerard very well expreffing it: the third is fee , b Luodunenfis under Micenm name i the fourth it the fecond S»m» with Tragtu % Lobel his figure of F verumtomentofum, as alfo the Erigerum tertium of Dodonaus, is, not the true figures of this plant, as T>odoua M ■ If felfe acknowledge*, but rather as others called it Cichoriumfetidum,3od Lugdurenfu hath obferved it Iike- , f or this differeih chiefly from the common fort but in the hoarinelfe and largcnefle as well of the whole m' 6 as of the'leaves : thefift is called by Lebel Erigerum tomentofam alteram, by 7 haliut Erigerum faidum feu H plane G ' trin hurtu zniby Lngdunoiifii Senecio fatidus, by Clufm lacobea Tamomca pnma as Bauhinus rhlnketli & by him Senecio incanuipingttis-.the laft is mentioned oncly by Camerariw in horto lV /ho faith he received ,, ™y the name of SenecMore odor At* from IofeplF de Cafa^ bona, the great Duke of Tufcane. or Florence his Herbarift. I Groundfell is cold and moift as Tragus faith, and therefore feldome ufed inwardly, Qalen faith in 6. fimpl. it hath a mixt quality both cooling and a little digefling: the decoftion of the herbe faith THofcorides, made with i wine and drunke helped) the paines in the flomacke proceeding of choller (which it may well dee by a vomit, ! which our daily experience (hewetb, the juice hereof taken in drinke, or the decoflion of the herbe in Ale , [ performeth) Pliny addeth from others report that it is good againft the Iaundies and falling ficknefle, be- itna taken in wine, as alfotohelpethe paine of the bladder, that is in making water when it isflopped, which it nrovoketh, asalfotoexpellgravellfn the reines or kidneyes, a dram thereof given m Oxymel, after fome walking or flirting the body lit helpeth the Sciatica alfo and the griping paines m the belly, or the Collicke.- fome alfo cate it with Vinegar as a Sallat, accounting it good for the (adnefle of the heart, and to helpe the de- i f c a so fche Liver: it is faid alfo to provoke womens courfes, and fome fay alfo that it flayeththe whites, which as CHatthiolus faith cannot be beleeved to be fo, in that the one quality is contrary to the other: The frefh herbe boyled and made into aPoultis,and apgjjyed to the breads of women that are fwollen with paine and heate, - alfo to the privy parts of man or woman, the Seate or Fundament, or the Arteries, Ioynts and Sinewes, v thev are inflamed and fwollen doth much eafe them ; and ufed with fome fait helpeth to difTolve the knots or kernells that happen in any part of the body : the juice of the herbe or as Diofcorides faith, the leaves and flow¬ ers with fome fine Frankinfence in powder, ufedin wounds, whether of the body or of the nerves andfinewes doth Angularly helpe to hcale them. The downe of the heads faith hee ufed with V inegar doth the like, but if the fame downe be taken in drinke it will choake any •• the diftilled water ofthe herbe performeth well all the aforefayd properties, but efpecially for the inflammations eftheeyes, and wateringof them. by reafon ofthe defluxion ofthe rheume into them. Pliny reporteth a ridiculous fable to helpe the toothach, to digge up the plant without nny Iron toole, and then to touch the aking tooth five times therewith, and tofpit threetimes after every fuel) touch, and afterwards to fet the herbe againe in the fame place, fo that it may grow will eafe the paines : another as fabulous and ridiculous as that, is this, which fome have fet downe, that glafle being boyled in the juice of Groundfell, and the blood of a Ramme or Goate,will become as foft as wax, fit to bee made into any forme,which being put into cold water will come to be hard againe. Chap. X C I. Tripolium. Sea Starrewort. BmsutasjM Lthough Diofcorides and G£c/maketh mention that Moutonus had in bis Garden one hereof with yellow flowers, but I rather thinke it was another kinde of herbe,and therefore I make no further mention of it here. 4, 5. Tripolium LychnidiiCoronaris folio eh alterunoFeruU folio. Starrewort with Rofe Campion like leaves, and another with Fennell like leaves. The feede of both thefe forts of Starre worts I received from Signor Boel from £i/W,bUt they fprang not with me .• but it may be that with Fennell like leaves was the Ageratumferulaceum of Lttgdunenfis. The Place. The firfl groweth as I fayd before in the ditches of the fait Marihes.nearethe Sea coafts in many places of this Land, fotbatyauftiall hardly miffe it in any fait Marfh in fome place or. other if you boke well for it: thefe- Mmm tend f 74 Chap. 9 a. Theatrum r Botanicum R T B S cond groweth as Label faith ncare the mouth of the River Pm: the third faith Cordua groweth in the fait Marfhes that are nigh unto the Lake of brackiih water, which is by Sraffurt in Germany, and lodoc the other two as nee faith alfo. The Time. They flower in lane and July for the moil part. The Names. It is called in Greeke 7 eterohiav Tripolium, which name the Latines keepe and change not, and as Diofcorides re- lateth was fo called, becaule the flowers did change their colours three times a day, which was but a falfe informa¬ tion or a negligent confideracion. Serapic called it Turbith but Label and Pena difprovc it, as I fayd before in the Chapter of Titbymales or Spurges : for the roote of this purgethnot fay they,cither the juice or decoflion : Pliny in initialling Tripo/mm maketh Pohum to have the lame fa- cultie.that Theophraftus in his ninth Booke and 21. Chap, giveth to Tripolium : and (jar.a following Pliny his errourj tranflateth it Polium alfo; the firft is called tripolium of all that have written thereof,except Cordtu, who in Obfer. •vationum fytva calleth it Anthylli, major, as he doth the fe- cond Anthyllii minor, and the lad Amhyltubrevier, andCo- ltetnna who calleth the Hrft Amelli Jpeciespahiftrit , as Lobel before him gave him the occafion, who faith it doth more fignificantly expreffe the Amellm ofViryil, then that After Italornm, or montamn purpureas which we doc account to beit: yeti may fay by Labels leave, that the After before laid doth more properly grow prepe flumina as Virgil faith hi s Amelina doth, then in aqnii velfcrob.bsu as Tripolium doth. The Vcrtues, Diofcorides faith that the roote is fweete in fmcll, and hotintalle, that two drammes thereof given in wine to drinke purgeth the belly, (which as is before fayd Ten* and Label doe deny) from watery humours, and by Vrine. Cjalen faith rhe roote is fharpe in talk and hot in the third rf D/.»aa 1 n Irnr 1 A/e r fnrrlniir .G * . 5 ‘ 1 . Tripolium vui^aru. ScaScarrewoit. degree. Vmfcor.dei r further addeth that it is;put into Antidote, againft venome and poyfon. It Is found by la- ter experience to be Angular good to heale all freflt wounds, the leaves onely bruifed and bound to the place or Cha?. XCII. Verbena, Vervaine. J muc h doubt among many of our moderne writers, whar it flionld be that Yfcorides fi.1 en and Pliny make mention of, fome fuppofing one herbe,fome another, as you (hall beare I by and by ; but unto thofc two forts that Diofcorides fpeaketh of, and Pliny calleth mat and ftmina , i and others re a and/«/><« 4 , wee arc to adde one or two more knownc in thefc later times, and fee forth by fome. «. Verbena mas feu rc&a & vulgaris. Common or upright Vervaine. The common Vervaine that is familiar to our Countrey hath divers fomewhat long and broad leaves next the ground, deepely gafht at the bottome of them, the other part being deepely dented about the edges, and fome onely deepely dented, or cut all alike, of ablackilhgrccnecolourontheupperlide, and fomewhatgrayunder- ncath : the (hike is fquare and branched into divers parts, riling to bee about two foote high, efpecially if yee put thereto the long (pike of flowers at thetoppes, which are let on all fides thereof one above another, and lometimes two or three together,being (mail and gaping, of apurplifh blew colour, and white intermixt; after Which come fmall round feede,in (mall and fomewhat long heads: the roote is fmall and long and of no ufc. 2. Verbenafupinafive famina. Bending or female Vervaine This other Vervaine hath divers fmaller and weaker fquare flalkes, leaning orbending downe to the ground, and almoft lying thereon,not (landing upright like the other,parted into many more and fmaller branches, and having luch like leaves growing on them at the feverall joynts.but much fmaller, and more divided or cut in, ma- lPj, t cm ecme to be many leaves, fet on both fides the middle ribbes, ofa erayifh greene above and more erav underneath: the flowers grow in thefame manner that the other doth, in fmall long fpikes, being of a deeper the " 1 the other, ocherwifc1 in forme not unlike 1 the feeds that follow is like it alfo and fo is the roote. Doth pcrifning after feede time,and railing it felfe of its owne fowing. . 2 . Verbena Peruana. Vervaine of Peru. This Vervaine is like unto the lad Vervaine, but growing greater, and abiding grecne in Winter as well as Summer,as many of thofc Accidental plants doe, which will not in thefe European parts, yea it hath bcene ob- ferved ' < fll 1 !•' T Ri BE, 5, The Theater of Tlams. ,HAP.p2. erved that thofe plants that naturally abide notgreene 1 winter in thefe parts, being carried thither have :onti ued greene all the Winter, contrary to their tourfe here. Verbena rspensnodifiora. Round headed Vervaine. r Th* round headed Vervaine hath from a (mail fibrous roote a fmall fquare, fmooth trayling joynted flalke, avhereat grow fmall leaves almoft round, yet pointed lat the ends, and dented from the middle of them for- (Wards, at each joynt alfo with the leaves come forth (Other f mall branches, and a bare fmall flalke, bearing at the toppes a fcaly round head, from whence flare forth ftch like (mall flowers as arc in the ocher forts, and fuch like feede alfo following them. , The Place. Tbefirflgroweth generally throughout the Land in divers places, by the hedges andwayfides, and other wafle grounds : the fecond is not found in our Land, although gcrard faith fo, for it will not indtire a Win¬ ters blaft before it feede with us: the third is of the Well Indies,ind the lafl is naturall of Naples, The Time. The firfl flowreth about Inly, and the feede is ripe foone after, and fo doth the lafl fometimes; but the other is I fayd doth feldome flower before the Winter with us, and therefore cannot bring his feede toper- feftion,ftr in the naturall places it flowreth notuntill the end of /*//,andin Augufl. The Names, It is called in Greeke U&.0nim Niera botane,ideft, kerb a [acra 3 and eeeioi^iZvPeriJlercon quod Columbe in talibcntcr verfantur, m&facrabcrba tejle TUnio, quod e.i olim aputl Romanos domm pnrgabmtiir,fami/U lufira- IrntUT, lovit mewfa ad facrijtcium cf epu/as verrebatur, & faciolis in facrii legationibw iHa coronabatur, vet ut Viofeorides inquittfuodin expiationibw fufpenfa, & Hl>- 1. Verbena va'gais. Common Vervaine. Tkeatrum ‘Botanicum, 67 6 Chap. 93. T R I B E gatur mire utilitfit, It was alfo called Sagminalit herba, hoc eft gramen vel herba ex arce, cum fua terra a Co r l ez'ulfum, quod in pacts bclliepite ritibus habebatur, & Sagmina in pub licit remedtji fuere adhibit*. J t is called in L ' ' Verbena c/uafi Herbert*, or herb* bona.CAIatricalis, Verbettaca, and Columbaria,or Columbaria,or Colt,mb ana pera, CMarttalis, and Hercnlania, as alfo Ferrari* from the germane word Eifencraut, or Eifenbert, as I rak **', The Italians call it Berbena and Verminacola, the Spaniards' Vrgebaom, the FrenchVerveine, the DutchIfencr^'*' and Iferbart, and wee in Englifh Vervaine, andiniome countries Pigeons graffe, and Holyherbe as al/o^’ others Mercuries moi!) blood,and Ittno’s teares.Thefe two firft forts of Vervaine have beene much controverted' as I fayd before by the later Herbarilfs, and writers,fome doubting whether they (hould beanypeculiarherbe in that they thinke that any graffe or hetbe that was call on the Altar, was called Verbena, and for it they ailed”' Terence in Andraa, where he faith Ex ara Verbenas hincfume, wherein Terence fpeaketb after his countrcv phr (for Menander hath Myrtles, outof whom this was tranflatcd) and underflandcthfuchherbes as lay there and- not Vervaine onely. Some alfo as Fufchitu and Tragus make Erjfimumvulgarefive Irio to be Vervaine ■ Gel - as Tragus f aith called one kind of PrunaUa, Verbena ; and Tragut himfelfe maketh his third Verbena fupina to hit the Camabina agnatic* folio tripartite, Dodoneus formerly made thetwo forts of wilde Germander to be rh ■' Hierabotanegnat, and femma, and Cafalpintu tookethe Sideritis prim* Matthioli, or Mambium aauaticnm^ be Verbena nlterum genus, who alfo called it Verbena famina, which all others call mas and reel* fL rhp is called famina by them all. ' * ' The Virtues „ Vervaine is hot and dry, bitter and binding, andisanopenerofobflruftions, denfethand healeth • for it hel peth the yellow laundies.the Dropfie and the Goute, as alfothedefeftsof the Reines and Lungs and generally all the inward paines and torments of the body : the leaves being boyled and drunke, the fame is held to be pond again!) the bitings of Serpents and venemous beads, and the Plague or Peftilence, again!) both tertian and auar. . tane Agues, killeth and ctpelleth the Wormcs in the belly, and caufetha good colour in the face and bndv ftrengthneth as well as corredfeth the difeafes of the Liver and Splcene, is very effeftuall in all the difeafes of the Stomacke and Lungs, as Coughes.lhottneffe of breath and wheelings, and is lingular good again!) the Dron fie, to be drunke with fome Pionyleedes.bruifed and put thereto, and is no lefl'e prevalent for thedefefts of the Reines and Bladder,to clenfe them of that vifeous and (limy humour which ingendreth the Done and hel peth to breake it being confirmed, and to expell the gravell: it confolidateth and healeth alfo all wounds both inward or outward, and ftayeth bleedings,and ufed with fome honey,healeth all old VIcers, and Fiflulaes’in the Legs or other parts ofthebody,as alfo thofeVlcers that happen in the mouth, or ufed with old Hogs greafe it helpcth the fwellmgs and paines of the fecrct parts of man or woman, as alfo for the piles orhemorrhoides-’an plyed with fome oyle of Roles and Vinegar unto the forehead and temples, ithelpeth toeafe the inveterate paines and ache of the head, and is good alfo for thofe that are fallen into a frenfy.-the leaves bruifed or rhe juice of them mixed with fome Vinegar, doth wonderfully clenfe the skinne, and taketh away all morphew freckles, puUulaes, or other fuch like inflammations, and deformities of the skinne in any part of the bodv • The dill.lled water of the hetbe when it is in his full ilrength, dropped into the eyes, denfeth them from fiimcT clouds or mil) that darken the fight, and wonderfully comforteth the opticke veines. The faid water is ve, J powerfull in all the difeafes aforefayd, eyther inward or outward, whether they bee old corroding fores or greene wounds. The female Vervaine is held to be the more powerfull forall the purpofes before fpoken’of- but that of Peru goeth farte byond them both,for c^Fanardw reporteth divers very admirable cures which tha'r herbe hath performed in the Weft Indies ■ as of a certaine noble woman, who having ufed the helpe of divers Pbyfitians in vame, an Man Phylitian very skilfull in hcrbes.gave her the juice of that Vervaine to drinke with fome Sugar mixed therewith,for to allay fomewhat of the bitterneffe thereof,by whofe ufe (hee avoided in a fe w dayes ath'ckelongwormc (which (hee called a fnake) being hairy, of a foot in length, and double forked at the Mile, after which ftee grew well; the fame noble woman commended the fame medicine to another noble womanin Peru, who had not beene well of alongtime, who having taken it in the lame manner for certaine dayes,avoided many (mall and long wormes, and among the reft, onevery long, like unto a long white girdle alter which time fheebecame well agairie. Which medecine.was by advice given to many others that com- plained or \\ ormes, and they were alljfoone holpen by avoyding wormes, cither more or lefTe, and Tome alfo roulcs or balls of haire, and other things: it is held alio tobeenolefle efFeduall againfl all poyfon and the ve- nome of dangerous beaus and ferpents, as alfo again!) bewitched drinkes or the like. Many other examples of cures CAIonardus fetteth do wnc which are too long here to recite, feeing thefe are fufficient to (hew how pre¬ valent that berbe is for many difeafes. ‘ - Chap. XCIIL Hedera terre/his. Ground Ivie or Alehoofe. 1 - W ? IC r 1S n r 0t ( 0Bn , d t0 var y with us - )' ec obferved by (others, to yeeld y ; omc fences I mu!) adde another fort fet forth by Label ,which agree* very well thereto in *c 8 lace and outward forme,whatfoever it doe m the inward qualities v TU - i. Hedera terreftrit vulgaris. Common Ground Ivie or Alehoofe. ihiscommonand wdlknowneherbelyeth.fprcadeth, and creepeth upon the ground allabmir’ “ft ret’aUa ! on P ^h ffiovn^ewifemithh' 1 « um P Iedasl ''ye r e, and unevenly dented about the edges, with round dents fat heends ofablewrn‘ V tow ? r , d 'he ends of the branches comeforth hollow longflowers, gapingat in the mouth or j^wes* :The roote°iTlmaff^^ ^ > ° t! U3>0n ^ ^ abe * or *‘PP CS t ^ lat bang down e, as alfo T , , ,, , . . ,*• Hederaterrejiri, minor. The leffer Alehoofe.' Tne leffer Alehoofe is altogether like the former fort, but that the trayling branches creeps not fo farre about, being T R ‘■The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 93. 677 x. 3. Hcderatenefltu & montana, C ornmon and thountainc Alehocfe. -Gy- being (horter, and growing fomewhat more upright: the leaves alfo arc lomewhat fmaller, and the flowers ofa paler 1 blew colour. . 3. Hedera terreflris mart ana. Mountamc Alehoofe. / As the lad Alehoofe was fmaller then theordinary lort is, [ fo this is larger in all the parts thereof,as branches,leaves and y flowers, the leaves alfo being more rough and hairy, and the flowers ofa ‘deeper purple colour. 4. Hedera terreftrU faxatilit Lobclij. Stone Alehoofe. The Stone Alehoofe creepech alio and fpreadeth with his I (lender weake branches, all about upon the ground, with fuch like round leaves, fetat thejoynrsby couples, as in the former, but larger, and more unevenly dented or rather waved at the edges : the flowers that (land at the j'oynts with the leaves,are larger and longer,and ofa paler purplilh colour then the former. The 'place. The common kind is found under the hedges,and fides of fields and ditches, under houfe fides,and in (hadowed lanes, 1 and other wafte grounds in every part of the Land almoft : ; the fecond is found at the fecte of old trees in iome coun- i tries of Germany : the third is found to grow on hills and ; mountaines: the lafl in N.vbane, and Prov nee in France, and in forne places of Sammerfet/hire, as hotel quoted it among his papers which came to my hands. The Time , They flower fomewhat early, and abide fo a great while, the leaves keeping their verdure unto the Winter.and fome- ' times abiding if it be r.ot too vehement and fharpe. The Names . It is thoughtto be the Chamacijfos of THafcori- des although there be fome doubt in the Text, by the tranl- pofition of a letter, andthe refcmblance, both which are ea- fily reconciled,and this plant by the opinion of the mof! ju¬ dicious is accounted the true and right £hameciffo: of Diafco- rides,no other being found that can come fo nearc it in face and propertie, befidcs the nearenefle of the name,for the Latines Hedera humilis is the fame vvich Chamccijfas.znd Hedera terreflrie is not farre from it. Some call tiGorematcrra, becaufe it fpreadeth and is like a Garland upon the ground. All writers generally call it Hedera terreftrit, yet Cor din in hi. liiitory of Plants calleth it C harms clema, zniHrunfelfim miltaking it, made it his fourth Elatine. Luodunenfis out of the (/taponitkes calleth icMa. lacacijfos, idcfi.moUii hedera, which mod propel ly agreeth unto this, and fome alfo call it Hedera plamiatica, but for what caufe I know not. Label calleth the hit Afarina ant Hederitlajaxattlie, and Afarina ftcrilie Saver a, and Narbanenfis agri. Hie Arabian Serapio putteth it under C»jf»fthelvie, and calleth it Cacot. The Italians Hedera terreftre , the French Lierre terrehire, the Germans Gmdelreb, or Grandereb, that is harm repens, the Dutch Onder- Imue and wee in Enalifb according to the fevcrall countries appellations, Gill creepe by the ground, Catsfootc, Haytnaifles.and Alchoofemoft generally, or Tunnehoafe, becaufe the countrcy people ufc it much in their Ale and ground Ivieas frequently although Label j'udgeth thc-Hedcra helix, or barren Ivie, more properly to deferve that name as you (hall heare by and by. The Verities., ■■ Ground It ; ie is quicke,fharpe,an.d bitter in tafie, and thereby is found to be hot and dry, it openeth alfo, clen- fethaiidrarefictli. It is a lingular good wound herbe for all inward wounds, as alfo for exulccrated Lungs or other parts, either by it felfe or with other the like herbes boyled together, and befides being drunke by them that have any griping paines of windre or chollericke humours in the flomacke- fplecne or belly, doth cafe them in a fluort fpace : it likewife helpeth the yellow Iaundies by opening the obltrudlion of the Gall, Liver and Splcene, itexpellethvenomeor poifon, and the Plague alfo : irprovoketh Vrine and womens courfes, andflay- eth1 them not as fome have thought, but the decoftion ofthe herbe in wine being drunke for fome time together by them that have the Sciatica or BippeGoute, asalfotheGouteinthehands,'knces, orfecrc, helpethto dif- folve and difperfe the peccant humours, and to procure eafe : the fame decoftion is excellent good to gargle any fore throate or mouth, putting thereto fome Honey and a little burnt Allome,as alfo to walh the fores and Vl¬ cers of the privy parts in man or woman; it fpeedily healeth greene wounds being bound thereto : and the juice boyled with a little honey and Vardigreffe doth wonderfully clenfe fiftulaes, and hollow Vlcers, and (fayeth the malignitie, of fpreading or eating Cancers and Vlcers: it helpeth alfo the it h. fcabbes, wheales, and other erup¬ tions or exulcerations in the skinne in any part ofthe body: the juice of Celandine, field Ipaifies and ground Ivie clarified, anda li tie fine Sugar dilfolved therein, dropped into the eyes is a foveraigne remedy for all the paines, redne(le,and watering ofthe eyes, the pinne, and webbejskinnesorfilmes growing over the fight, or whaefoe-- ver might offend them: the fame helpeth befcfts as well as men ; the juice dropped into the eares dorii wonder¬ fully helpe the noyfe and fingingof them, and helpeth their hearing that is decayed. The country people doe muchufeir,andtunne it up witluheirdrinke.notonely for the efpeciall good vermes therein, byeforthat it will nclpealfotocleare their drinke ; and (omedoeaffirmethatanhandfull put into drinke that is thicker, will deare it in a night,yea in a fe'w houres fay they,and mak{ it more fit to be drunke. Mmm 3 Ch a r. r «. 678 Cfl A P. 94 , c rheatrum c Botanicum. T R I B E, Chap. XCIIII. HcderA. IviCo I Hc Ancient Greeke and Latinc writers ®f hcrbes, as DufcoriJes, Tbcophmjhu and Pliny have fct. T Iffg't ^ ow . nc many varictiesof Ivie, (bcfides the Htdcra Ifinof* which is SrmUx After* defcribed before —'M ,ntllls 'Y° r ke) which were obferved in their times, partly in the leaves and flowers, but chiefely in ■ §U the berries, yet make but three principall kinds, 1* cjHeinaltum Attallitnr, m& alia cpte hnmi refit, which divifionas molt proper, they fub- divrded each of them againe into their (pecies or forts, whereof we know but few, for that onely which climeth 1 upon trees, walls,&c.and beareth black berries,and the other barren kind that creepeth upon the ground,yct with I the c af ping branches will take hold of whatfoever is next unto it, are beft knowne to us; the others wich white : or yellow her rres are I'eldome fcenc in thefe Chriftian parts, yet 1 will fhew you in this Chapter thofe diverfities s that Ibeofhretftw fpeaketh of which they had in former times, joyning thereto fome later found out kinds. 1. Haleru arboreafivefcandent & firymbofa nigra. The ordinary Climing Ivie. The climing Ivie groweth up with a thicke wooddy trunke or body, fometimes as bigge as ones arme, (hood ■ ting forth on all (ides many wooddy branches, and groweth fometimes alone by it felfe into a pretty bufli or t tree,ar/.afc/faith he faw inch in thiscountrey, but ufually climeth up by trees, and as the branches rile lendeth 1 forth divers (mail rootesinto the body, or .branches of the tree whereby it climeth up, or into the chinkes or joynts of (lone walls, whereon it runnethfoftrongly, faflnine them therein, that it draweth the nourifhmenc : out of the tree and thereby killcth it by confirming the life and moiflure thereof, and by choaking it with the abundance of lhadow and moyflure of his branches,and evergrcenc leaves (which may feemetobc an ornament thereto when it is leafclefle, but is in the end the bane and utter ruin of it) which branches alio having thus fafl- ned their rootes into the tree or wall will live thereby upwards, if any (hall cut away the trunke or body below, as well as if it were not taken away at all,but by fallning the roots into the wall, and there growing great, they often (ocracke it that it will in time alforuine it utterly: while the tree is young the leaves of mod will be corne¬ red, but when it groweth elder, it hath no corners on the fides,and onely round orfomewhat longe,and pointed at the end, the young leaves thatfpring forth from the branches, keeping oftentimes the fame order, and are of a darke (liming greetc colour above, andfomewhat ofa yellowilli greene underneath; flriptd with white and fometimes with red fpots, abiding frefli and greene Winter and Summer : from the joynts of the (hikes and toppes of the branches,grow forth upon flrort flalkes fmall moflie yellow flowers, (landing in an umbell or clofe round tufc ; after which come fmall round berries, greene untill they grow ripe, and then turning blacke, with a Imall pornt at the end of every one, in which is contained ufually foure feedes three fquate in a manner, but . Hcdera arbprei wflras. Our ordinary Ivie. 3. Hcdem Ttionyfiai five Chryfotarpot , Yellow berried Ivie. Tr'i b 5.5, C 1 he Theater of ' 'Plants . Chap. 94. round on the one fide. It yeeldeth inthe hot countries a kind of rcddiCh Gum of a (trange fent which is dan¬ gerous to be ufed in I’byficke inwardly, being caufticke or burning,but is ufed for outward remedies chiefly. 2. Hedera corymboft alba. White berried Ivie. This Ivie groweth in the fame manner that the other dpth, without any great diverfitie that hath beene ob- h fervedinourtime, and is cheefly diftinguifhed in that : the leaves are thinner and finer, and of a lighter greene i colour, and the berries of a whitifh or grayifh colour, 11 andnotblacke when they are ripe. 3. Hedera Dionyfiai five Chryfocarpos, Yellow berried Ivie. The leaves of this Ivie arc feidome cornered on the ■ [1 edges,but fmooth, and onely pointed at the ends, of a 1 frefher greene colour,or not lo blacke as the firll,thicker alio and fuller of veincs, and more thinly or fparfedly || growing on the branches: the berries are greater then 1 in others, and of a gold yellow colour, declining to bee 1 mote browne when they are ripe. . 4. Hederahelix. Barren Ivie. The barren Ivie fendeth forth divers (lender 1 weake wooddy branches,trayling upon the ground,and i for the moll part lying thereon j but fometimes it is found to winde it felfe, and clime up thebufhes and hedges under which it groweth, with the fmall ten- drells it fhooteth forth at the feverall joynts of the branches, where the leaves come forth, being fotne- what letter then the former, and of a darken (hining greene colour, ufually formed into three corners, yet fometimes into five:& at the joynt with the Ieafe under¬ neath, thru!! forth alfo fmall white fibres or rootes, whereby it taketh hold as it creepeth: this beareth nei¬ ther flowers nor feede. y. Hederatrifo/ia Virginenfis. Trefoilc Ivie of Virgixe*. The rootes of this plant doe fhoote underground, and f. 6. Hedera Firginenfis trifolia & quinquefolia. Firginean Ivie of three and five leaves. 4. Hedera Helix. Barren Ivie. 7. Mederaceu folij ; plant* Lobelij. Lobels Ivie leafed plant. 68o C« A P.94. c fheatrum Bctanicum. 1 r 1 b e, 5 :: (end forth young Wooddy (hikes whereof feme will (land upright, others l^d^ne and take ropteYgaire a,, they fpread.asalfo in any wall they {land nigh unto, like unto our barren Ivie : the leaves are broad .S' three aUvayes fet together upon a long footeftalke: at the joynts with the leaves come forth the Dale g '* ‘ a loofetuftor duller, which turne into pale yellow berries,with fmall,hard,round aihcoloured leede in I? wrinkled skinne or huske,without any moiftnre at all in them, this plant yeeldeth a white milke wirhn V talle, being broken in any part thereof, which after it hath abidden a while will change to bee as blacke « 1 ? y and is therefore held fit to colour the haire or any other thing. lnke > : 6 . Hedera epHinejaefolia Virginenjis, Virgin:Ay. Ivie. I have deferibed this in my former bookennder the.titleof VitUfeu potiui H:d:ra VirainenRs r n . were ncedleffe labour to doe it here againe, I muft thiffefore referre you thereunto for‘it; 1 onely flhewvoi^rl* figure of a branch thereof with the other. v } mew yon the . 7. HaterAceisfolifSflanta Lobeii). Labels Ivie leafed plant Not finding a fitter place then this, let me with Bank,no, fet it with the Ivies for the leaves fake,although Label Ca ] C n h nC J c !* m,nos heeUritcrtifolijt. This plant(faith he) hath (lalkes about a cubit long or better which § are (oft ■ and (lender having Ivie like leaves upon them.-the flowers are long and hooddcd.ofa pale purple colour This hee ■ found on the h ills m paflins through Italy. v 1 ncc 1 The Place, Thefirlt is well knowne to every child almoft, to grow in woods upon the trees, and upon the (lone walls of Churches,houfes.&c. orfometimes to grow aloneofitfclfe, as is before fayd, yet very fcldome • the fWll. fayd to grow w France and fome placesof Turfy ,and fome lay in Naples Mo : the third /Wand Label], mCempAmami Apuh.%, and yet fowen m gardens of Italy and alfo of Germany : the fourth "roweth ,„L„» and lhadowie places for the mod part, under hedges and the corner ofwafle grounds, lanes and the like the two next grow in the Northwefl parts of America, where our Englijb Colonies are planted, the lall as is before’retired The Time Our Ivie flowreth not until! Iulj ,and the berries are not ripe ufually untill about Chrijlma <, that thev have r, h the winter (rods; of the othertwo wee can fay no more, then that wee have little acquaintance with them vet Gefnei in harm faith.thau he law that with yellow berries in Germany ,the American forts ai e very late with us * The Names. T ll “J led in Greckc a " d of CiJ f W an ? C ‘ Um ' fabalamar Graci.pajiane Citti Roe Liber, patrufultantu tn He Jen,m ah ilia verfojj Athauenfes cnim Ciuum Bacchum ip[« m vacant,cJoL mm ilia cara, TrnZt r t,lef ^ er r vnK Mk'nrfem, vine. but Pen A and Label hy they thinke it is rather deduced C Z C "’°j m ,0 : dc ' m 1'“<^brat,cte»,m importttna amafta raj,cam ptapaaatianiL, arberes Tt.mt!ZrA\Tr X tT V T” m c,Ja nttllcaynam, itahac lignum textmaporafa,cfr ^iracalu mmimer* pervta vinnm tranfmtttit, unde Catoni & Varroni Cifflmbion noculum “ “ likdy fe j.r ata t “P madC 0f ,Vie wtod ;7„oS a/y wt therein,in Latin e Hedera. HederamveraTcmpemdtRamcenfa, eyaad hareat, vel potto, edita petal, velluU 7 d r«, adhafen, edit & enec.it : the Arabians call it Cajfa f,the Italians Hedera, the Spaniards Edera , the French tier re the Germans e g hen,the Batch Veyt, and we m Engltfh Ivie: The firft is called of all writers either Hedera fimclv’ oT Hederaarborea. (especially that which groweth alone by it felfe, which therefore the ancients called olha orh ’r fhrr’rd and of Phnj Hedera rtgens tmd/candens by fome to diflinguilh from the ? V a J r } ° r T*’ C ? fliew i b r dlffe , re " cc fr ° m the f«larger then thofe of the laft : after which come fmall (hort pods, fmiill at the further end, with a little round knobbe,w herein lye the feede (like the other as I thinke.) The Place. It groweth in the fields among the come in Syria, as Ran- yvolfiue faith,who there found it. The Time, The time of the flowering is not exprefled, but it is likely it being fo like the former,ftiould flower about the fame time. The Names* Diofcoridcs onely of the ancient Greeke Authors maketh mention of it, and calleth it xt v °*y )VOV Chryfagonum , which the Latines alfo follow, and if wee defcant upon the name or Eti- mologie, it is a yellow knee or joynt, which it is likely al¬ though it be not expretted in the defeription the ftalkes have. RatmolfiM onely and Pona in his Italian r Baldw of the late wri¬ ters have fet forth the figure of it, for Durantes hath nothing but the text of t T>iofcoridet ; Lugdunenfis in his Appendix hath the Text of Rauwolfiin: and Baufoinus hath it from them, and pona who had it from Padre Malocchio,VxtI\&tr\x. of the Garden a tPi/f \ lhave in this as in the former given it an Englifh name,according to the forme that in my minde it beareth, ey- thcr of which may ftand untill a more proper may be given it. The Vertues , This as the former is appropriated by ‘Diofcoridcs (for lean- . > ■ not findethac Galen hath made mention of it) to healethe bitings of venemous beailb, and efpecially the Shrew orpoyfonfull Moufe s and thereby may bcc conjedured to bee of the fame facultie in the other things with the former. Cha^ 684 Chap,^, Theatrum Botanicum , T R I B Chap. XCVIII. Lcmtof odwm. Lyons foote, or Mountaine Cottonweede. §rj$jfi£ ^caufe the was called Lcentopodium alfo by divers, I thinke it fitted to bring it next to co« '■ si fidcration, and bccaufe lc is a kind ofCottenweedeor Cudwort, I will in the next Chaptet fpeakeof the other forts of Cudworts,Golden Tufts, andMoufeare, as being neared in forme and vertues nn.- wrtisou unto another. un * 1. Leoutsfodiummajui. The greater Lyons foote or Mountaine Cottenweede. This greater (forfolcallitin regard of the next which is fmaller then it)Lyons foote or Mountaine Cotton > weede, hath divers f mall and fomewhat narrow leaves lying upon the ground, hoary or woolly all over more hairy white underneath then above : the (hikes rife up about halfe a foote or more high Let with furhlilr ■ leaves thereon unto the toppes, where ftandethone great btowne head apcecc, compafied’ about with mano wool y or hoary white leaves, reprefenting the hairy foote of a Lyon,Hare or Dove,or fuch like bead, whereof it tooke the name ; out of which head come forth many fhort threds.which make the flowers feeme to have hole.- therein, wherein lyethafterwards fmall brownifli feede, wrapped in fo much downe, thatitishardlvtnhee found or feene : therootcis fmall and long and fomewhat wooddy, with divers firings and fibres thereat/ * 2. Leontopodium mtnw. The lefTcr Lyons foote. The leller Lyons foote rifeth up with one fmall ftalke for the mod part, with divers leaves thereon fomewhs.. longer ,but not broader then the former, at the toppes wheteof fiand divers woolly leaves, and in the middle J than three or tom e or more heads of flowers, like unto the other fmall Cudworts confifting of thrums, of a Dale 1 > cllow colour, with fomeblacke haircs among them : the feede is like the other,andfo is the roote alfo P ' The Place. and^f/alfo 0Und ° UAlpCS ° f G ‘ rm “" h and ' BMm of h “ l l ; th ® &condondivers mountaincs in Germany , t The Time, They flower in lalj and fometimes in , The Thames, It is called in Grecke MwnmJ'to* Lcontopodium , and fo in Latinc alfo, which is as much as Prr ■ Lyons foote, for the caufes declared in the delcriptions, and y.nn& Cemos y as it is among the other nam mntu . given tt as DUfM ailh; yet feme affitme th£ the title of Leonid,L is wSK,® 8 CC \y 01 m £* m0! £° that f and Lemupdium be one thing,and therefore Pliny in his 2 y Booke and •Chap.fpeakingof Catammce, which was onely ufed aboudove matters,faith, that for the fame canfc Cmo* 1 . Ltontopodim mojui. ^ I'hc greater Lyons foote or mountaine Cottonweede. z. LeoBiopodiunwtinui , The lefl'er Lyons foote. JTiU b r 5. The Theater of 'Plants* Chap.cjc?. < 5 85 being fa nfed he would fay nothing o£ ir. There is much controvetlie alio among writer about Ltmtpoditem which fhonici be the-righc, feme accounting one plant and foroe anocner,and (ome accounting none that arc extant to be right--didattbiolut and Label let forth theirs, which is the firlt here exprelkd, which Clujitu refufcth,accoun- ringitbuta kind or Gnapbalium, orCudwecde, calling it Gnapbalium Alpinum ("as though Le'ontopodium were tj io much differing from gnapbalium, that there were little or no likenefle berweene theta :) Letucertu bath his 5, Leontopod.ttm, wh ich is the Eibium Scorpioideipaluflre ol Ranhinuf, or Adyofbtit Scorpioidei of Lobe l, Apulem, i. csEtiui, and Oribafitu [ay as I fhewedbefore in the Chapter of LeontopetaLn, time it was called Leoniopodittm, u Urunfeifms inikeththe Aickymilla, which the fhops beyond Sea called PataLeeni j, to bee Leontopodium, which c UMattbin/ui notetb asan errourinhim, lofepbw de. Cafabona as Chtfiut faith in his Hillory of Plants, ienthinr c fome dryed plants received oar.oi.Cmdy, ly the name of Leontopodium, which bee judgerh ratherto belongto n the kinds of lin.alLPlantaines', yet Clufnu himfelfe fetteth it forth tinder the name of Leomopodium Creticum • ■j which plant alfo as he faith Cartnfm fent him, loxCatanance. Honorim Bellas as C/afiw faith therealTo fent him :i fotne plants, and the.figure alfo drawne of the fame or the like herbe, which hee callcth Lcontopodiun Creticum ii aliud, which as the other he j.udgeth bpt a fyccies of the Ribwort Plantains all which forts of Clujiu, ar£ here | before exprefied in the twelft Chap, of this Clajjis. Hatthimu fetteth downe no herbe peculiar for the. true Lean. 1 topodium of‘Diofcerides , but together with Lugdunenfis rhinketh that Pliny his Leontopodium d oth rntlch differ i from that of Ditfcorides, and maketh the Leomopodium of CMatthiolm,Label and others, to be but (pecies ofGna= || pbalium : yet becaufc I cannoc fee but that the firft may as properly belong unto Leomopodium 0 f Lhofcorides a s 1 umo Gnapbalium, I have asyott fee fet it downeby it felfe, funm cui.juejudiciumejlp : the fecond is the Leonto- 1 podiumpurvumofLobelandothcis, which fDedomctu calleth Pilofe/U minor altera, andis Gerard his Gnapbalium . Alpinism. ‘ Tbe Vertues. The taffe hereof being aflringcnt and drying with fome bitterniTe in it alfo, doth teftifie it is very available for all fluxes of blood or humors, as alfo effeftuall for all fores, eytlier grecnc wounds or old ulcers, and conducible for whatfoever cures, the other Cudweeds may perforate: but becaufe I have no author that exprefleth the pro- fperties, nor any experience of my owne orothers,to whatdifeafeorgreefeitisaremedy, Iforbeareto plavthe Phyfition.and appoint the praftife any tuxtheripauca fapienti. ’ Catf. XCIX, Gnapbalium, Cudweede ot Cottonweede. Here be divers forts of tbefe Cud weedes or Cotton wortsjfome of much beantyf whereof I have given you the knowledge of in my former booke,as the Gnapbalium Amertcanum, Live long, or Life everla- fling. Gnapbalium momartum flore albo rp purpurea. White and Purple Catsfootc; gnapbalium Rofed urn, the Cotton Rofe, which I joyned to other plants of like beauty, forme and quality whereof I fhall not ncedeto make further mention ) others that are of more vertue then beauty I meane to entreats in this Chapter, onely the figures of fome of them I fhall here infeft. 1. Gnapbalium Av.ghcum vulgar e m.ijui . Our greatc Common Cctdweede. The common Cudweede that groweth every where aimoll in this Land, efpecially in dry fandy grounds, rifeth up but with one ffalke fometime6,and fometimes two or three,thicke fet on all fides with fmall long and narrow whitifh or woolly leaves, from the middle oftheftalkealmoffupto the toppe ; with eve¬ ry leafe ftandeth a fmall flower, of a dun or brownifh yellow colour, or not fo yellow as others; in which heads after the flowers are fallen, come fmall leedc wrapped up with the downe therein, and is carried a way with the winde: the toote is fmall and threddy. i. Gnapbalium maju Germanicum . The greater Germane Cudweede, 5. Gnapbalium mimitfeu berba Impia. The IcfTcr Cudwort or herbe Impious, 686 Chap.cj^, Tkeatmm 'Botanicum, Tribe.j 4 . Fllago minor. The Jcficr Cudweede, •6 Gnapbaliam fupUtum oblongo Snail leaning Cudwcccdc. _ . . . . 1 • Giuf/uTium majut GtntMmcum, The greater Cermnne Cudweede. . This is m all things like the former,but that it groweth larger in ftalkes, leaves, flowers and roote: And there is another fort alio of the fame fife that bearcth the flowers not all along the ftalkes, as the former doe, but at the Antrim. t0 PP es °nely,ndt differing elfe in any thing,except the leaves may feeme to be iomewhat fhotter and a little mote white and hoary then they. -r. , n- „ < J” a f haVmm l htrb» TmpU. The letter Cudweede or herbe Impious. The letter Cudweede groweth up with a fhorter ftalke, and let with Iborter leaves alfo, but fomewbat more white or hrory.and a little broader; at the toppes whereof ftandeth a largerand more open flowerthenin the former, and of apaler yellow colour, from the fides of this ftalke fpring forth divers fhort branches, fetwith fuch like but fmallerleaves then thofe that grow below, with fuel, a like yellow flower as the other, which branches with their flowers doe al wayesnle higher then the middle ftalke, and the flower upon it: fometimes alfo the branches wifi have other fmall branches fpring from them, bearing leaves on them, and flowers on the toppeo each, and thefe alfo riling above the branches with their flowers in the faid manner, that the firftbran- Unt ° mame fta ^ ! thC ftede ‘ hat ° Uowcth thefc fiowers is ^rryed awa y the winde as the _.. . , , . , 4 ; {<&/« »»»«•. The letter Cudweede. ■ This Ima 1 Cudweede (hooteth forth a (mall hoary ftalke, full of branches from the very ground almoft, with divers fmaller (hotter and narrower leaves thereon, of a more duskie hoary colour then the former forts, fome (landing fingly, and fome more at a fpace.or joynt, the flowers hereof Hand at the toppes of the ftalkes and bran¬ ches onely and not all along as fome of the former forts,or one branch above another as in the laft, but all of them nfing almoft to an even height, and are of an overworne yellow colour: the feede and roote are like the other. 5. Gnapbaltum mttm htioribwfolijs , The Ieffer br,oad leafed Cudweede. Somewhat like unto the hit is this (mall Cudweede, whole ftalke brancheth forth upwards, with fome leaves thereon toward the bottome without order, and on the joynts of the branches two or three, which arc all iomewhat broad foft and hoary, compaffing the ftalke at the bottome, and at the joynts with them Hand di¬ vers fmall hoary yellow beads of flowers, fome in tufts upon a fhort ftalke, and fome clofc to the joynt, and lome at rhe toppes of the branches wherein is contained fmall feede, which falling away, fpringeth up againe every yeare.for the roote penfheth after feede time. b v r 5 _, . r ... . ^pbalinmfHpmumMnpiifslio. Small leaning Cudweede. , : It r' mJ 1 f amn 7 Cudweede fpringeth forth with divers round hoary ftalkes,not much above anhandbreadth hign, lome where^ftand upright,and others leane downe to the ground, as though they would roote therein § r °w dwers hoary,foft,and long leaves one above another without order, comparing the {“.i, a j e b ° tton l e > a n d (mad pointed at the ends: the toppes of ths ftalkes are ftored with many fmall hoary Q»ads,Handing in tufts together, with a yellow thrumme in the middle. 7, GnaphfiliuT* T r ib £*5. The Theater of Plants, Chap c ioo. 6Sj •j, Gnaphalium minimum refens . Small creeping Cudweede. This little Cudweede (which is fometimes found not above two or thee inches high) hath a fmall hoary ftalke full ofbranches, about halfe a foote high or leffe, whereon grow fmaller leaves then in any of the former, even almoft as fmall as Southernwood leaves, but hoary as the reft are :the flowers are fruall and yellow in fmall ihoary heads. . S. Gnaphalitmmarintimfivc (fotonaria. Sea Cudweede or Co.ttonwcede. I The Sea Cottonwort rifeth up with divers fmall and very hoary white ftalkes, about halfe a foote high/et with sdivers fomewhatthicke.and fomewhat long leaves, but very foft and hoary, or woolly all over, as though they it were nothing but Cotton, bearing attheir toppes fome fmall hoary heads, with a yellow thrum breaking out of them, whofe feede within is fomewhat longer then the other; the rootc is fomewhat long and wooddy, but pe- rifheth not yearely as divers of the other forts doe. The Place, ! The firft,the third, and fourth doe grow in barren dry fandy and gravelly grounds, in mod places generally of s the Land ; the reft are found in the like places beyond the Seas, onelytbelaft is found upon the weft Sea coafti of out Land in divers places, as well as in others, although (mailer, which maketh it foeme another fort. , The Time. [ They doe all flower about luly ,fome earlier and fome later,and their feede is ripe in Augufl. The Names . [ It is called in Greeke > ■taqiatov Gnaphalium, and fo likewife in Latine quod ills obryntiKorpm tomento muMHr} landj'i'kjev Ulieefl veUere carperevelanas. It hath alfo diversother Latine names, as Centunculsu and Centssncss- \laris, Tomentaria ft omentum and Tomentitia, Cottonaria five Tomb ax humilis, efpecially theSeakind, Filago and Herb* <>»/>/«,Hcrbc Impious,efpecially the third fort here fet forth, for that as Pliny faith, the branches and flow¬ ers thereon rife above the middleftalke, or elfeashe faith, becaufeno bcaft or other creature tafteth thereof: he alfo faith that it was alfo called Chamssoelonf as the copies have it)or rather Chamexylon, the low Bombafl or Cot¬ ton plant, and Albinitm from the whitenefle. The firft is called by Ullatthiolus Leontopoditim alterttmvulgare, and Pfessdoleontopodium, By Lob cl Gnaphalium Anglicum velBclgictsm folio longiore : by Tragus Heliochryfos fyl- vefiris, by Lugaunenjis Chryfocomelanssginofa,and ImpU jpecies, bylch.inr.es 7 haliits Gnaphalium vulgare ma'y.vt, by T)odens.w Fslaginis Jpecies altera : the fecond is called by Label, filagojaA Chryfocome (germanica,and by Su- rantes Chryfocome and Chryfstis : Irreceiveth alfo with the Germans the fame names that the former doth :thc third is generally called with us Herba lmpia and Filago,afoliorum inujitata fuptrbia ,and is the Grtaphalittm of luf- cbiw,and Adatthioltts (although he difprovc him for fo calling it) Lobe/, Lugdmenfts and others; of Anguillans Cartafiilago. The fourth is the Gnaphalium vulgare with Us, which Dodonen1 and Lobel call Filago minor, and Ta - lermontanM (gnaphalium medium-, the great Germane kind, which is the fccond here deferibed, is a Jpecies hereof) but growing fomewhat larger with them: the fife is the third Gnaphalium olClupw, or the fecond oiTtateau, which 'Batthinm calleth Gnaphalinm minus latioribus folijt ; the fixe is Clssfnts his fecond Gnaphalinm, or firft of plateau, called by Batthinm Gnaphalium majtts lato oblongo folio : the feventh is called by Lobel Gnaphalium mini¬ mum, by Tabermontanus Gnaphalium minus, and by Bauhimtt Gnaphalium mmus repens ; the lafl is generally cal¬ led (gnaphalium marinftm, and maritimum, and Legitimism ofClujtw ; by Lugdunenji< Gnaphalium marinstm tomenG, tofssm, becaufe hee hath another Gnaphalium maritimum Dalecbampif, which Bauhinus taketh to be the Stachae citrina altera inodora of Lobel, and he himfelfe calleth it Slichryfum fylveflre flore oblongo, as I fhe wed you before among the Stachades :the Italians call the Gnaphalitsm,GnapbaHo, Filago, and Curtafiilago ; the French Petit cottem the Germanes Rhurkpaut ,and Hijnfchkpattt, the 'Hutch Rtsrkruit and Roomelifceescruyt, The Tenues, Thefe Plants are all aftringenr, or binding and drying, and therefore arc profitable for defluxions of rheume" from the head into any other part, and to flay fluxes of blood wherefoever, eyther at thenofe or mouth, or by feige,which is the blooddy fiix, and eafeth the torments that come thereby, the deco&ion being made into red wine and drunke, or the powder taken therein: it ftayeth alfo the immoderate courfes of women, and is alfo good for inward or outward wounds,hurts and bruifes, as the Wefterne country people doe daily finde by expe¬ rience, and helpeth children both of burftings and the wormes, and the difeafe called Tenafmw, which is an of¬ ten provocation to the ftoole and doing nothing, to be either drunke or in jefled or orherwife: the greene leaves bruifed, andlayd or bound to any greene wound, ftayeth the bleeding and healethit up quickly •• the decoffion or juice thereof doth the fame, and doth helpe all old and filthy Vlcers quickly: mod of them alfo ferve fora weeke in Lampes,&c. to burne, but efpecially that which groweth by the Sea fide. Pliny faith that the juice of the herbe Impious taken in wine and milke, is a foveraigne remedy againft the Mumpes and Squinfie, andfur- ther faith, that it is mervailous what is reported of it,thar whofoever fhall take itfhall never bee troubled with that difeafe againe, and therefore they give it their fwine for the fame purpofe, and that which foever of them will nat take it,will affuredly die thereof. Chap. C. Chryfocome. Golden Tufts. T R 1 BE 5. Tbe Theater of TUnits. Ch AF.IOl* fundrv hard, round ftalkeshalfe a yard high.fomewhat thicke let unorderly with narrow, long greene leaves up to the toppes where they branch forth into divers fmall fprigs. with fmaller and {hotter, leaves thereon then below and bearing round heads of flower s compofed of gold yellowthredds rifing from the middle of a few greene leaves which are as ahusketo each of them, and abiding a long time in flower, and in their beauty, but Column* faith not a moneth till in the end they turne into downe, which with the lmall yellow feede, grayilh ijfaith Column* flycth away in the winde ; the’roote is hard and wooddy at the head (hooting therehence many, blackifh fibres into the ground; theftalkes die downe yearcly, and new ones rife agame in the Spring. I The figures 0 f t hele three following were overflipped to be lnlerted in their due place,which is the 23.Chap.0F 'the iirfl Claflis in this booke.and therefore I thought it fitter to give you them here.and referre each of them by i( their number where into they doe belong then quite to negleft them and leave them oup 8. Chryfocome jive Stechat CitrinaCretica. Candy golden LaJJidony or Uoldilocks. I' The figure of this pertaineth to the eighth defeription and number inthefaid 23. Chapter of Stachas Citrina in the fitft Tribe of this Booke, , 9. Chryfocome peregtina feemda Cltefti,jive Cretica altera. Spanijh or Candy Caflidony or Tufts; The figure of this belongeth to the ninth nnmbet in the laid Chapter.for the ninth there is miffet for the tenth land eleventh. ' , „ , ,, „ . I a, Stechas Citrina fyheftrior. Wilde yellow Calhdome. Let this be referred alfo to the fame place,and to be the twelfth in Number. - , The Place and Time. ' This firfl groweth in divers places of Germany, in the moift fandy borders of unmanured fields as Trapse faith, 1 in Narbonet&h as Lobel faith, and in Naples as (folumna faith,and fio wreth in /«/> and AuguJf or later, ' .. r ' " The NAmes . - T raavs maketh it his third kind of Linaria and fuppofeth it to be the Hcllccryfos oSDiofcerides, calling it in his 1 ovjne\me,uae,e GrojfTbcinhlum'nydeJl, Amaranthm Intern major, and is called by many other writers fince Linar,a aurea Trap, by CameranM Linaria Auflriaca , by Clufius Ofyrit AnUriaca: by Label Linofyri, nnpermtm, but Guilandinus and Colnmna take it to be Chryfoccme of Dhfcorides and Pliny, as you fee I do here,for comparing all the parts,I cannot finde any other authors plant to come fo neare to the right as this,& two fo famous & wor¬ thy judicious Herbarifts being my.guides,make me the more confident in my opinion. Let who will compare Diofcorides his Text and the delineaments thereof, with folumna hisAuimadverfaria and amend it if he can : Gm- landinus alfo tooke it to be the H y fope of Diofcorides, and therefore called it Hyjjopits nmbellifera, but erfonioufly, for he faith the leafe of Origanum is like unto Hyffope, but Origanum leaves are fmall and round like Marjerome, and not long and narrow as this, , The Verities, This faith Lobel is fharpe in fade, gluttinous or clammy, and fomewhat bitter like unto Sena and neare unto ThymeUa. Tragus wriceththus of it: the hetbe with the flowers boiled in wine and drunkeexpelleth loves en- chantments and all other poifons,and helpeth Crampes and Ruptures, as alfo to difeuffe congealed blood in the body : it procureth womens courfes and expelleth the afterbirth : two drams of the dryed flowers in pouder ta¬ ken in wine falling,ftayeth the cold Catarrhes or Diftillations from the head : a bathe made of the flowers to fweate therewith, or to fit over the warme fumes,giveth much eafe to thofe that are troubled with theftone in the Kidneis,with paines of the mother,or the Sciatica: it is alfo layd in Chefts and W ardrobes to preferve Veil” ments,&c, fromMoaths. Chap. CI. Pilofella Jive Auricula tMnris. Moufeare.’ Have alfo in my former booke given you the knowledge of fome of the ftloufeares, as they may be moff properly called,under the name of Cynaphaliummontanum album and purpureum, white & pnrple Catsfoote, miGnaphallumRofuim, the Cotton Rofe, both which {hall not againe beedeferibed here,althoughlwilllhew youthefignresofthem. 1. Pilofella minor vulgaris repens, The common {mall creeping Monfeare. The common Moufeare that is more hairy then theothtr, is a low herbe creeping upon the ground by (mall firings like the Strawberry plant, whereby it (hooteth forth fmall rootes, whereat grow upon the gronnd ma¬ ny fmall and fomewhat {hort leaves {et in a round forme together, hollo wifh in the middle,where they are broa-* deft, of a hoary colour all overas well aboveasbelow, and very hairy, which being broken doc give a white inilke : from among thefe leaves fpring up two or three fmall hoary flalkes about a fpanne high, with a few fmaller leaves thereon : at the toppes whereof ftandeth ufually but one flower, confiding of many pale yellow leaves, broad at the points, and a little dented in, fet in three or fourerowes, the greater outermofi, and the fmaller inward,very like a Dandelion flower,and a little reddilh underneath about the edges,efpecially if it grow In a dry and not moift ground, which after they have flood long in flower, doe cume into downe, which with the feede is carried away with the winde. 2. VUofdlalndica odorata Sweete MiVoiMonfcare. This Moufeare hath a flelhy roote creeping under ground, not growing deepe, with many fibres thereto, from whence (hoote divers fomewhat long leaves, fet with very longhaires; the hairy ftalke that rifeth from them, groweth to be half'e a foote high, at the toppe whereof (land 7,or Skfaire flowtirs like the ordinary Moufeare,but of a deeper yellow or Orcnge colour,fmeliing very fweete like Mnske. 3. Pilofella media vulgaris ereSla, Comtnon upright Monfeare. This other Moufeare is very like thfc former, the difference betweene them confifieth in this, that the leaves ate longer and greener qn the upperfidc, and fomewhat hoary underneath, fofter in handling, and not fo much Mnn 1 ~ " hairy,' 692 Chap. iox. ■Theatrum Botanicum. Trd b 5 n ken as the former doth°, WerS upri S ht “ d hi g h ^, this doth givemrlkeif a lea feor ftalke bebroc T U . . . „ ,. , 4 * Vilofella minima. The fmalleft Moufeare. bl "to ■«< ” b,« . , , *• Another upright Moufeare. air^ccr ■ “•" - *• »“—^swssasa T . J\ 7 ’J£ U ?rT”* farV ° %° re ' , Mountaine Moufeare with many (mall flowers upon a ftalke t° ote ofthisMouleare groweth not downewards,but lyeth under the upper cruft of the ground A, ■ forth divers long white hbres therein, whereby it is faftned ; it hath thofeleaves that lve nexcfo rh^' ^‘"S ! ter then thofe that come up after greene on the upperfidc.but with very long white ha res therein ^° r " " feeme rough and underneath white, but leffe hairy, from among which rflethup a long ound hoTw g tte,n ‘ ftalke three foote high, lmooth at thebottomeand hairy at thetoppe, having two or threcTchlea P ; fer thereon : at the toppes whereof (land many fmall flowers, as it were in an umhdl bur ever,? but lef ‘ ' long footeflalke being yellow, and like in forme unto the former Moufeare " a”he feede isl fo wWch^ 3 cd a way with the downe : this gweth milke likewife in the fame manner that the others doe h h Cam ' . 7 * Ptlofetta maxima Sjriaca. Aflyrian Moufeare. I have 10 little acquaintance with this Moufeare, that I can tell you no more of it then Lobel hath fet- An whom I muft follow line by line. And he faich it hath Greater leaves rhen rL,. f C ’ 1 L i hath * et “° wnc > roote,being thicke and hoary white, feeling like Velvet • it fendeth forth three™ 1 m ? ny ^ ct . t0 3 cther at the about a foote high, the flowers were not Icene ; the roote is Iwd^nd woodl^ ^ a ^ es » T • S ' S r cor f‘ mdcs Blew Moufeare with a turning toppe i,n m u ’° yne T'm f befe Mouf( : ares three other fmall wilde plants,becaufe they are generally called although as you Ihall heareby andby .divers authors have diverflv entitled them y ■ Moufeares, uliially.and feldome with any moreChich is round hairy andalxmt'haflb a^yardliighl 1 or betre^'at^he^botr 110 ^ whereof grow fomewhat long and broad hairy leaves very like both for m a , bottorac Ieff't ' 6 ^d | f ff * 1 f aVeS 1 ^e flaflte is fomecimes^alfoliranchecl and ^medmes not^with^ers^ch^keTeaves b'r lelfer and lefler thereon up to the toppes of flowers, which turneth or winderh it r P ir P . a n * C eaves ^ uc pions taile, or the herbe Hclimofium the Sun turner: the flowers which confift offive fmalT roundel 1 ™*° 3 Scor " areof a pale blew colour, very much refembling the flowers of Buolofl'e nr wilHe r • , eav ^ sa P eec c or eye in the middle, and (landall on one fide of the ftalke and branches ■ afrer fhevare raft * yC ° W fP° C places fmall rough flat heads,wherein the feede is conteined .• the roore is ?mall and thredd P y C °‘ ne ‘ n thUC tc- u ■ ,.?• ^° f ° tKSc ° r ^ 0lclesr ^ c ” s - Small creeping blew Moufeare Ihis other is very like the laft Moufeare, butthat it is fmaller,moft ufually having lefler leaves and fl the branches, which doe not (land fo upright, but trayle or creepe on the grouncf: the flowers alfo ft^nd °" onefide,butonboth and open by degrees: the turning top f which is like the ntfieri j„,c W rs a ,0 ‘‘ anc * n oton felfe,and are of a blew celour.and fome more purple.with a yellow eye in the middle Sr ° W Up in< * dli!ltc ic tJ ?^T ,K ScorfioiM minorPfcKli, luuU, Small Scorpion Moufeare with yellow flowers ■ The (hikes of tms Moufeare are very fmall and hairy, not above an hand breadth high^ witLirrlTT ! - thereon upon long footeftalkes: the toppes with flowers doe twine thcmfelvcs like the wo laft each The Place, an J he ,'/ nd tllird 1 S ro u w fomifeuoufly on ditch bankes and fometimes nearc or in the ditches if thev be d • ana in landy grounds : the lecond in America : the fourth upon drv harren hearhee • n 5 1 ® r Y> heath in that plenty that one can hardly fet a foot but upon the heads of it: the fife is’more'rare aTd*buf t l ien t °^. ee lTlct: } v,t ^ ln our Land, but more eafily in Germany : the fixt Fabiw Columna fnnr,^ ^ n °Wancj Etjaicoli in the kingdome: of N«p/tj: the feventh was brought out of SjrU unto Label Jbce hll u andmnthgrow in dry and barren grounds m many places of this kingasmetthe former ofthe rwnif f* the backe clofe of S r . lobn TunJlaHhh houfe a little bevond Croydon The lad- « c , Wo ^ oun< ^ 1 n CMompclitr on the moift Va Hies of Harm Dei. V J ’ ™ Uft BauhtnW faith S r °wcth by The Time. They doe all flower about Iune and Iulj, and abide greene all the Winter. K . n, . The Names. mvoeciu mGeeke is Auriculamrtri, in Latine,from whence thefeherhec are r „ two of the laft,which arc thought to be fomewhat anfwerable to Dic/L*, U ^ becISfborh^b " y have blew flowers : Acfo/calleth them Alfvte Miofoti, .Auricula muri and A f,„c,rr “v ^th of them to the kinds of Chickweeds. Dodon etH calleth the former ofthe ScoZ’loid^ f* S .° r V l0 ' d 'j ’ re *«™g 'hem his third kind. Bauburn confoundeth the two forts of Afnfoti. ScJ* w Sccrpteidu and makethic thofe ofthe water, la n d kinds to bee but he is therein deceived,he calleth this .rLfc and r r, ’ PfZ f 1 ™. ®' ci ' s is 0ne > alteram^ becaufe the head twinina wirh flnyire • c ri u ^ ^ doth call it Heliotromumminut calleth i’t EchZ ^t r Ca, am „a them rather unto that kindred thenZ^nvA her wlmTk 7 ^°^" tbc ™ T : chmm *"?**'. referring writ, Pilofeiu fjlv. alfo, and Expbrafta auarta Le rlnrL ^^/ or ^ cr tlle three laft his third Auricula fome in his rime would perfwade^him they did belong to that f '* 3 '\°‘ £ “l hri, l ! *'" u/ea > becaule as hee fgith, forts FiiaJdU from the hairineffe ofthe leavres and ftilkE Jd ^ /' Th ' I ? oderre writers call the former nefl’e of them; fome doe call the firft & third the^* Tribe. * 1 2 3 4 5 6 )* The Theater of‘Plants, Chap.ioz 6g$ num fieri a/bo and mrfurefittitelSo me alfo call them tikfelUminor, in regatdof the greater kindc that is called til ChondriHa aurca or Auricula mitrisma\or by Tra{tu and others, which is let forth in my former buoke, and among the Hieratia in this. Lacuna called the firft Holoftiumfiornntue the fecond as it is in the title, and faith that fome did call Hieratium Indicant ; and Camerariwi in horto ca'Ueth the third LaQ.ucella fjheftrU repens : Tuber, ■ montanw mentioneth the fife and Column* the fixt and lad: the Italian, call it PeloJiU* and Telofma, the French -TiU/eUe and Oreille de raoufouru Piluettc and Velnette, the Cjermanes N.igelkrmt and Meuffor, the Tutch Naghel. ■, crmt.md CWuifooren,and vie in Fnglifh Moufeare. The Vertues. I The ordinary Moufeare is hot and dry .although fome write that it is cold, but the bittertaffe therein fheweth •j it is hot and of a clenfing,binding and confolidating quality, the juice hereof taken in wine, or the decoflion si thereof drunke doth helpe the Iaundies,although of long continuance, todrinke thereof morning and evening I ■ and abftayning from other drinke two or three houres after; it is often uled as a fpeciall remedy againfl the (lone 0 and to eafe the torments that arife thereof, as alfo other tortures or griping paincs of the bowells, the decoftion (1 thereof with Succory and Centory, is held very effectual! to helpe the dropfic, and them that are enclining tl thereto and the difeafes of the milt and fpleene: it ftayeth the fluxes of blood, eyther at the mouth or noie, and D inward bleedings alfo, for it is a Angular wound herbe, for either inward or outward wounds; it helpeth the E bl 00 dy flix, and ftayeth the abundance of womens courfes: the juice or decoftion of the herbe taken before the I fit of a quartane Ague,is fayd to keepc backe or much to leflen the fit, and by the tile of it to take it quite away. I There is a Syrupe made of the juice and Sugar, bythe Apothecaries offhand other places, which is of much 1 account with them, tobe given to thofe that are troubled with the cough or tificke, whichis a confumption of j the whole body, as well as of the lungs; the fame alfo is Angular good for rup ures or burfltngs: thegreene i herbe bruifed and prefently bound to any frclh cut or wound, doth quickly foder the lippes thereof, and the I Juice decoftion or powder of the dryed herbe is mold Angular to ftay the malignitie of fpreading or fretting Can- I kers or Vlccrs wherefoever, as well thofe in the month as iecret parts of men or women : the difttlled water of I the plant is availeable in all the difeafes aforefaid, and for wounds and fores that are outward to wafh them j therewith, and to apply tents or cloths wet therein. It is fayd to be (opowerfull to harden iron or fteele, that if 1 any edged’or pointed toole fhaH bejoften quenched in the juice thereof, it will cut all other iron, flcele or (tone I very eaflly,without turning edge or point.The old All-go-milfe,! (hould fay Alchimifls did much commend the j Juice of this herbe,that it would congeale and Ax Mercury, but all thefe fancies are in thefe times quite difperfed ■ and driven away I thinke. Many skilfull Shepheards in the country doe avoyd as much as they can,to luffer their fheepe long to feede in any fuchpaflures and places where Moufeare groweth in any plenty, lcaftthey being bound therewith (hould grow ficke, and leane, and die quickly after. It is faid that if it be given any way to an horfe it willcaufe that he fhall not be hurt by the Smith that (hooeth him. Chap. C 11 .- Stratiotes Millefolium & Achillea SideritU. Yarrow and Achilles Woundwort. I Might 1 confeffe have Atly fet thefe herbes next unto the Siderittdei or Ironworts for their neare affini- r t i e i n nam e and nature,but accept them in this place feting they are not placed there. 1, cJMitlefoliumvulgare. Common Yarrow or Millfoile. The ordinary Yarrow hath many leaves fpread upon the ground which are long, and finely cut into many fmall parts that it excelleth the fine leaves of Tanfey, among which rife two or three round greene (hikes with fuch like winged leaves as grow below,but fmaller and finer up to the toppes,where (land many (mail white flowers in a Tuft or Vmbell clofe together, each flower confiding of five fmall round pointed leaves with a little yellowi(h thrumme in the middle, and fmell fomewhat ftrong, yet not unpleafant being rubbed in the hand: the roote is made ofmany long white firings fpreading deepe and far. There is fome varietie oblerved in the flowers hereof, (ome being more white then others, as alfo thicker fet together,and greater or fmaller then others, one alfo with a round or tuberous roote, as bigge as an Hafle nut, wherein bath bcene found a worms 10 lmall thac the fight was fcarfe able to difeerne it.. ... 2. ejliillefoliummajui album. Great white Yarrow or Millfoile. The great white Yarrow diffeteth not much inthe forme ot leaves or flowers from the former wilde Yarrow, hut in thelargeneffe of the (hikes and leaves,the greene leaves being as large almoft as thofe of Tanfey,and in the flowers being greater (landing in a larger umbell,the fmell whereof is a little mote ftrong then in the ordinary. 3. Millefolium rttbrum vttlgare. Common red flowred Yarrow. This Yarrow differeth not in leaves from thefirll or common fort,nor in the manner of growing but in the co¬ lour of the flowers,being ofa deeper or paler red, or almoft blulh colour,yet with a yellow fpot or thrumme in the middle. ’ 4. Alillefoliumflorc rubro maximum. Great red Millfoiic. This greater red Yarrow hath as large and great winged greene leaves as the great white Y arrow, but more finely cut in on the Tides: the ftalkes are as great and high branching forth at the toppe,and Gored with large 11m- bells of flowers like unto them,but of a faire bright reddifh colour, and in fome paler, with pale yellow thrums in the middle which are of a fine fmall fent. 5 . Achillea Siderith lutea . Achilles yellow W oundwort. This yellow Woundwort rifeth up fomewhat high and creepeth not, the leaves whereof are long and very finely cut into many peeces, fomewhat like untoSothernwood but more fappy and hoary alfo : the flowers ftand in tufts like the other,but of a faire gold yellow colour ■ the feede is fmall and long like unto Tanfey, and herein confiftech the difference betweene this and the two next yellow forts. 6 . CMillefolium luteum five Achillea lutea, Yellow Millfoile. This yellow Millfoile or Yarrow hathhoary and fhort (talks? fcarfe a foots high fo.metimes, creeping along by The Theater of Plants. CHAP« 102 . 695 Tr IBE.5» indtakine roote aslTcreepeth, the hoary ieavesare long and much divided,but fmallcr and fofter US common wile kinde : the flowers at the toppes of the ftalkes ate of a pale yellow colour, as well the iter I eaves as inner thrum, flanding many together in tufts, and riling out from hoary white huskes the roote , {mail and long with divers ^ffffincanum Cretkum. Yellow H, Millfoile. The Candy Millfoile groweth with round hoary ftalkes a foote high, whereon are fet long, narrow, hoary, • lenred leaves fotnewhat like unto the leaves of Lavender cotton, the toppes of the ftalkes branch forth into many y n 7, mfts of pale yellow flowers of a fine (mail lent: the roote is ftrmgy and creepeth as the laft. 1 g Stratiotes millefolia Crctica. White candy Yarrow. 1 This Millfoile rifeth up from a long whire roote,with many long ftalkes,a little bending downe,covered with ; n hoary downe, having divers winged leaves fet at (paces each whereof confift of fmall long leaves fetch,eke o»ether on both fides of the ribbes, which are hoary alfo,but not fo much as the ftalkes, at the toppes whereof I land fmall umbells of white flowers fotnewhat like to thofe of Tanley. n /uhille* Sideritis five nobdit odorata . Achilles 1 weete Wound wort. This woundwort for Yarrow for thereunto it is moft like) hath many large thinne cut leaves next the ground, I morifinely and deepely cut in unto the middle ribbe, and each part divided alfo, which make* it to differ from he firft from whence rife up more and taller ftalkes with divers finer leaves fet thereon, and at the toppes many Sowers* in tufts together .being both more in number and largerthen thefirft or common fort, ofa whrt.fh orred- difh colour and yellow in the middle: the whole plant fmelleth very fweettthe roote penfheth every yeare after feedetime.and required) a good ground and a rich to profper in. - . 10 Mtdefolium Alpwum incanum. Small mounraineMilroiIe. This fmall MiUfoilehath many fmall winged leaves, as finely cut in on the edges as the laft, and fomewhat hoarvalfo fet on the ftalkes that fpread on the ground, and there take roote agame, among which rile upfhorc ftalkes not above a foote high, with feme finer leaves on them to the toppe, where they beare many tufts of fmall flowers thicke thruft together,of apalereddilhorftunmg blulh colour: the roote creepeth like the com- m0n ‘° rt - The PUce. Thefirft with the varieties except that with a tuberous roore is very frequent inpaftures medowes &c. The third alfo but much more fare: the fecond UUatthiolm faith groweth in Italy and fo doe many of the other: Pent faith the fift is found onely upon the high hills in Narhme, and Clufius faith he found the laft on the hills m Stma. The Time. They doe all flower in the end of Summer and in Attgufi. The Names. Yarrow is called in Greeke 5 jkmSjiMi©- Stratiotes Chiliophyllos, that is Stratiotes or Militaris miilefe- IU and the eighth is called in Greeke A’ V »J 5 ©- otJPelm Achillea Sidehti,: Stratiotes or Militaris becaufe it was of much ule in the Campes of Souldiers to heale their wounds, and Pliny faith m the third Chap, of his 25. Booke that Achillea tooke the name from Achilles the fcholler or follower of Chiron who healed her with the wounds of Telephus ■ it is called Millefolium in Latine a foliorum multitudmc, Sttpercilium yenern alfo, Acrum and Acnm fylvaticum The Arabians call the Achillea Egilos, the Italians Achillea and the Millefolium MiUefogho, the Spa. niards Milhoyot yerva, the French MUlefueille and V herbe cJWlittire, the Germans garb, qarben, Garten and Schatfripp the CDutch CJervse, and wc in English Millfoile, Yarrow, and of forne Nofeblcede from making the note blade it it be put into it, but aflnredlfit will flay the bleeding of it.Divers doc thinke that Achillea and Mil. lefolium is but one herbe,becaufe divers authors have promifeuoufly called them fo. The hrft is called Millefoli¬ um Ahum and valerate by fome, and Stratiotes terreftris, Stratiotes Millefolia, Achillea and Military 1 by others; the fecond is mentioned by Matthiolui,Lu ( dmenfis and Bauhinw : the third is that of our Land and diftereth from the fourth which is greater and redder, fet forth by Cl*fin under the name of Millefolium rubro flore and by Matthiolua and others Millefolium maximum-, the fife is called by A** AcHillcamoiitam Arthemifa tenmjohtfacie, by Matthiolas,,Camerarius and others,Hc/irfay/mw,and SliochryfUm by others,and in Candy Lagocbimithia-.the fixt is called by (lufius Stratiotei millefohafiavoflore, by Gefner and Comer trim Millefolium flonbus Inters, by Matthio. Ins Hclichnfum Ita/icism, and by Ta,shinw Millefolium tomentofum luteism, who thinketh it to be the Tanacetum lanmnnofum of I msdmenfis, but as I iayd in the Chapter of Tanfey he is therein much deceived as I thinke : the feventhis called by Honorim 'Botins that font it fromCWy to Clufitu Stratiotes mill,folia, and faith it commeth neared to the defeription of Diofcpridcs, called by the Candiotsfaeupoy Miriophyllo -. the eighth is called by Tra- pm Millefolium nohile and Stratiotes vera, by Gefner in hortis Stratiot/s.znd Millefolium Stratiotes, by Taber- ''montanm Achillea five Millefolium nohile, by Matthiolm and Lacuna, Cordus on Diofcorides and in his hlftory,of Thalim and Tier ordinary forts,branching forth at the (ides like them. Ij. Polygonatum anguftifolium ramofum. Branched fmall Salomons Seale. I This (mall Salomons Seale is in mod things like the la(l, as in rootes, leaves, flowers and berries, the chiefeft difference confifleth in this, that ic branchech forth at every joynt on the maine llalke on both fides thereof, and diath the leaves fomewhat fmaller and narrower, yet fet in the lame manner, and the flowers fomewhac (mailer fit(is; in the middle ofthe leaves (and cJTfkrrfcWKjquoteth his owne Copie in the M,argent to bee fo) which that plant hath not, batTheophrafius lib.1.cap. 16. and lib .3 .cap. 17. exprefleth it more fully by theGreeke word tui’yoKiiiigamrf the figure of this Lauras Alexandrine is extant in no other author that I know of, but 111 Lobe/W15 Appendix to the Adverfaria, who as he there acknowlcdgethhad it from me (as he had many other plants alfo) which he there fet forth, and X am verily perfwaded is the true Lauriu Alexandrine of Diofiorides, who maketh the leafe there¬ of to belike thole of Tafias, whereiintothe leaves of this is more like then of the next: the fecond which I here fet downe for che Cbamadaphue vera ol Diofiorides, is the / earns Alexandrine altera of CMatthiolus and Learns Alexandrine of Columna, whom Lugdunenfis fTab.ermontantes and Clafias follow, and Baabinas calling it fo alfo, thinketh that of Label and this to be both one, which his eyes might bee judges, the one having a rounder the other a longer leafe are divers. The Matthiolas of Baribinas fheweth for £bamsdaphue that plant which he calleth in his Pinax Lyfimachia Cbamxncnon dill a latifolia or Delphinam baccinam of Label, but quoteth it there to bee miffe fet. Camerarias bis Epitome of Mattbio/ut fetteth forth another figure for bis Chamadaphne which is much fufpeftedby divers to be counterfet, a fiblionof Matthiolas owpebrainc(many luch tricks heuletli in his workes) no filch plant being knowne. C-efir/piMnn calleth it Rnfio afjnisaltera. Guilandinus and Columna tooke C hums- daphne of Diofiorides and his Lauras Alexandrines to be both one, when as his deferiptions doe evidently vary, exprelfing two feverallherbs; the leale hereofhc comparethto aBay leefe,whcreunto it hath morerefemblance then the former, for this is not fo broad and (hortasit, but longer and narrower as the bay leafe is: further Dio. fiorides faith, it beareth frail am annexumfolijs, which cannot be better underftood to bee joyned to the leaves, then growing upon them. I doe confelfe thac in my former booke I did fomewliat adhere to Lobets opinion,that ChameUa or Mcferecn might be the Chamadapbne of Diofiorides, yet I there fhewed Come let therein why it Ihould not, buc now upon better confideration and examination of the particulars,both forme and vermes,I can¬ not finde any plant to agree better with ‘Diofiorides his Chamadapbne then this; Let the criticke carper examine this anirnadverlian.but let the judicious convince me and I will yeeld. T- e Vertaes. Galen in 6 .Jimp l,me die. faith that Lauras Alexandria is of a hot temperature lharpe and fomewhat bitter in tad, whjch being drunke provoketh Vrine and womens coatfes ,Diofiorides faith it hallneth the hard and lore travailes Oo® 3 of 702 Ch A . . 105 , Theatrum Botanicum. T R I B K.y of women in childbearing : a decoftion made of theherbeand rootes in wine, is very good for women to (if over the hot fumes.as alfo to have it in/effed,or the places bathed for the falling downe of the mother, to fettle it in the right place againe : the laid decoftion.or the powder of the herbe and rootes are accounted lingular gonif to dry up the moifture of old Vlcers of long and hard curation, to clenfe them and the more fpeedily to performe their healing: the faculties of the other are by Gains judgement like to thofe of the former, and Diofco r ider faith it eafeth the paines of the head, and the heart burning,as alfo the torments of the belly, being drunke with wine,and provoketh urine and womens courfes. 1 Chap. CV. Hippogloffum five Bijlingua. Horfe tongue or double tongue. a He H° r fe tongue or double tongue is very likeunto the former two plants, fet forth in the Iaft Chap- Jr ter, for the manner of growing, for this (hooteth forth divers hard lialkes with leaves on them,one 2 above another astbev doe and much shorn- the fame length:the leaves likciuife lor rhe farm. u... g, owing, ror tins lnuutciu u.m., witii waves on cnem,onc above another as they doe,and much about the fame length.-the leaves likewife lor the forme are but little differing,being (omewhat harder in handling, narrower & longer,and (harper pointed,with ribs ( rnwuaniH Wi -- iiaiuci in iidnuuugj running through them : but this hath a fmaller leafe or tongue, growing upon the greater from the middle ribbe, and about the middle ot the leafe on the upperfide, which maketh it to differ from all other plants that grow upon the ground that I knoWj and from thence tooke the name of double tongue: under the fmaller leafe at the bottom where it joyneth to the greater* commcth forth one fmall whitifh greene flower, and lomctimes two, Handing upon fhort footltalkes, where afterward Hand the berries, which when fhey are ripe are very red, very like unto the berries of the Yew tree, wherein is a white hard feede like the other: the rootc conHHcth of many long hard whitifh firings growing from ahead. Fabius Columna maketh mention ’Mijori- of another fort with larger tongues upon the leaves then the bus liguis. former,which is as he faith much more rare to finde The I lace. It groweth upon hills and in woods in divers places both of Italy and Germany } but is onely cheriflicd in gardens with us. The Time, It flowreth in lane, and the berries are ripe in the end of Sep¬ tember,in the naturall places as in the warmer countries, but 1 could never learne that any hath feenc itbeare his fruit in our Land. The Names. It is called in (Sreeke « orAryKoojov Hippoa/offum, lirm feplflime magnit plant is datur ,vel quia equina lingtiam imitaturvel qrande, but others think it fhould be moretruly called ^oy\ U om. Hypo, glcffum, becaufe of the fmall leaves like fmall tongues,orowin^ upon the greater: the Latines keepe the name and call ft Hippo- g'ojjum or Hypoglojjitm, and fometoexprelTe the Grceke name more fully in Latine Bijlingua^ two tongues or double tongue fome Lingua Pagana^ and of Apuleius ViEloriola : it is called alfo Bonifacio, by Anguilara, zndV vularia by Brunfelfius , Lonicertts Tabermontamts and others. Fufchius calleth it Daphne Alexan- anna, and Laurus Alexandria, as Tragus and divers others doe, and himfelfe confeffeth he knew no other Lauru. HippoglnJ/um five Bt/hngua. Horlc longue or double tongue. ' —“‘■"‘w.vuyim.utuiiic Micwno ountr JLaurtts Alexandria, untill Simon deTovar, a Spanifb Phifition did fend i l - , • r, . , . ™ Alexandra t0 fee, which had no tongues or fmall leaves at al a d >nCh ’ bc , rrl ' s , of th f r JS ht r f tu fhewed you before, and therefore he called this Lnmus Alexandra amadapbielhiv Rttfco affinu prima. Cohmm makerh it to bee IeUa radix Viofcoridl fhn ^ ^falp.ms calleth i P/«y, whichcobefo,hecontendethveryferiouny, as it is fet downe h "( d cc ’ampins to bee LaurwTtxa a and 30. Chap, numbreth up the feverall forts of true Bayes andZn me ^ r h ? 7 f h 'n' V °? k Of the Creeke or Latines from fome likeneffc of the leaves as ST f th “ voO.es. and La„ rw Alexandria but Monardm thirketh that L (lead nfP T r ^ Cha ™ d *f ht1 '' *mL«,re* foould be read, againft which be contefteth and (hewe^h [bit T’ ^ fraxwea,.r futh Bay, and that p/;,„ ; n >!,<■ n i.„ • j ■ no liiewetn that no author ever made mention of an' trades Cpcci.H note of laurns Tax*, that is to bee fit fo the middle of the other leafe 'and frrrhrr rhir.hF e ^ e . '^ eunt:0 a J s ggeor tornepeece ofa leafe growing ii Bay from the forme of the leafe and Tara fro latron or name doth fitly agree therewith.being called i I have related to fliew his indoo'o , r m e [ e bf r nes hkeuntothofeoftheYewtreecalled7ii.rKr.Thi caule, but for mine owne part Ithinke rhar pT’ . tba 5? tbc !' s all °w °r difallow thereof, as theyfhall fei feriptions ofone and the fame herbe follow; "11 "Z” a ?. In lfl '' ers °“ ,er P^nts giveth two names and two de others.and often confounaeth them’ d f ^ ^ ^aTu a “ tbors tlee reac, i as Vufcondes, Tbeopbrafiusmi sthersinhis timewC he thonoh^ooH f f° f 7 det J ra3etb ofl,is owne min *. the opinion o time what he thought good, formhi.ay.Bookeand Ii. Chapter hce maketh mention of Hippo glojfun UM The Theater ofT Lints. Chap.io6. 703 T's ibk..^, M^mvj hichheTaitli hath leaves like Unto the wIldMirtle.having a (mall Icafc like a tongue iffuing from them, Which defcribe* this Hippeelo/fam as plainely as may be, and as 11 aid before there is not knowne any herbe but this that hath filch (mail leaves or peeces of leaves growing upon the greater ; Lugdmer.fis ftiewcth that Vale- cbnmpiw tooke it to be the Chamedaphne of Diofiondes, upon tills ground peradvencure that ’Piofcondes maketh no mention of FHppoglojfam, but if he had fo meant, he could not have Forgotten thele (mall leaves or tongues upon the "tenter : the Italians call it Bijlingaa and Brnfacia, the Spaniards Lengua dc cavallo, the French Bijlin- the Germans Zapflinki-axt, the ‘Dutch TmghenbUdt , and wee in Englijh HorFe tongue and double I cowgiie. . _, ■ & TheVertue j. HorFe tongue is thought to be hot and dry in the fecond degree. It is held to be the mod powerfull herbe that : is to helpe the fiiffocations and others difeafes of the mother,to take the powder of the dryed leaves or roots in t| vvine, broth, or other drinkc, for it will fpeedilv cafe : three or foure drammes of the laid powder taken in sfweet wine procure* a fpcedy delivery, and drive* forth the afterbirth provoke* the courles and Vrinc i when they are flopped, and expelleth the Hone in the reines and kidneys: i. a dramcne or two of the faid powder be given to d. inke in wine or broth for fome ccrtaine dayes together, it will helpe thofe that have a rupture or i are burden, and for this purpofc it is accounted by divers that there is no helpe better, but although it may bring tl (bme paines at the fir A: takings, ' yet by continuance it will knit and heale the parr, yettheymuft ufetheir trulfe 'for a good while after,as well as during the cute: it is al'o good for thole that have lome imperfeaion in their : fpeech, foas it be not naturall : it helpe* alfo the fores in the mouth and throat, and to fettle the palate of the I mouth in its place,that is fubjeft often to falldowne by reafon of two much1 moifture : it is like wile of lingular . good ufe in old and filthy ulcers, in any part of the body, to dry up the moifture, and to bring themonthemore ( Speedily to be healed, either the powder of the leaves or rootes to bee uled alone, or with other things put unto i them, orthcdecoftiontowafhthemorinjeftintothem. Chav. CVI. geranium. Cranes bill or Storkesbill. ' Iofcorides fate* forth but two forts of Cranes bills. Pliny addeth a third, CMatthiolu, hath fix, others have encreafed the number Hill more and more; but our age bath found out many more, whereof I ■ have (hewed you in my former booke divers forts, fuch as are of moll delight and beauty, fit to furnifli fuch a garden as you there finde them;of none of thefe doe I intend to(peake againe,having given you their defcriptionSj&c. in that place, 1 will onelygive you fome of their figures which (hall (office. There ar£ many other fit to be knowne,which (halt follow in this place, and becaule I would obferve the fame method I I. Geranium bulbefum D oftorh Ptmiai. Do&or Penny his bulbous Cranes bill. 2. Geranium nodafam. Knotted Cranes Bill. t. Till Tbsatrum Botanicum. Trib b 5. have formerly done, I will diltrihute them into threerankes or orders, the tirdfhallbc of thofe that beate broad leaves.like the Aconites or Crowfoot: the next {hall be of fitch as have round leaves like unto Mallowcs, and 1 the lafk of thofe that have their leaves much cut in and jagged. Gerania 'Batrachia. Crowfootc Cranes bill. I. Geranium pu Ho flor?. Red Cranes bill. Geranium fufeum. Spotted Cranes bill. I. Geranium btilbofum Penntijivegrumofa radice, Doftor Pennyhl* bulbous Cranes bill. This Cranes bill hath for the roote many fmall long bulbes or kernells iffuing from a long whitifh roote, and divers fmall fibres let both above them and at their ends: the ftalke is about a cubit high, with joynts or knees in fevetall places, at each whereofcome forth fmall fhort and pointed leaves, as alfo two great leaves upon long footeflalkes, divided into five parts, eachofthem cut in fomewhaton the edges; at the toppes of the (lalkes and branches,and from the upper joynts likewife come forth divers Bowers together, each Handing on fhorc footftaIkcs,confidmg offive leaves a peece, of a reddifh purple or rofe colour, not fo large as thofe of the Crow- foote Cranes bill. a, Geraniumuodofnm, Knotted Cranes bill. The knotted Cranes bill fendeth forth certainc leaves upon long footftalkes from the roote, which is knotted and jointed,with divers long fibres growing therefrom,among which rile up two or three (lender (hikes a foote high, with great joynts like knees (banding forth, and reddifh ; toward the bottome there ufually Band two leaves upon long footelfalkes at a joyntcut into three parts, yet (hewing to bee five, for that the two lowed are cut in a little: from the uppermoft jaynt of leaves come forth two flowers fur the mod part and no more, Ban- ding upon longer footedales made of five leaves a peece, dented in the middle like a Mallow, of a pnrplifh co¬ lour, with veines of a deeper purple running there through, having a reddidi umbone in the middle, cut into five parts at the toppe, which being pad there come in their places long beake heads,fomewhat great atthe bot¬ tome, whereon the feeds ate fer,as in the other fort of Cranes bills. 3. Geranium pullo jlore. Darke red Cranes bill. The darkered Cranes bill hath divers broad !pread,foft, and fomewhat hairy leaves riling immediatly from the roote, upon long footflalkes cut into five or fix or feven deepegadies ordivifions, with a blackifttfpot atthe bottome of every one of them,and dented alfo about their edges •• the dalke rifeth up about two foote high, fpot- red with many blooddyfpots, and is drong fomewhat hairy, and parted into three or foure branches with fnch like_ leaves on them but leder,and at their ends two or three Bowers a peece, each of them confiding of five leaves cut in on the edges( which is a fafhion different from all other Cranes bills) of a deepe red colour aimod blackifh, and in the middle a long Bile with many writhed threds about it:the feede that followeth is browne, & like unto the other forts: the roote hath great reddilh heads above,and many long Brings and fibres defending from it. 4. Geranium Batracboides minw. Small Crowfootc Cranes bill. This Crowfootc Cranes bill is fomewhat like the other deferibed in my former booke, having large rough and hairy leaves upon long f ootdalkes, cut in more deepely on the e dges, and dented alfo round abonc,the dalke is a foots R I 3 M. 5. The Theater of 'Plants « Chap.1o& 705 5. ( e amum Mo/coviticum purpurcata, Pu pic CiJtocs bill of Mujcovy . 6. Geranium Batracboides aliaum longim tradicatum Lobelij, Long rooted Cvowiooi Cranes bill. footeand ahalfchigh, branched into divers parts, with lefier divided leaves at the jointsup to the’foppe* 7 where the flowers Hand very like unto the other, butleffer, and of a reddifh purple colour: the feede that foil* loweth is like the other, but ftandeth upright and turnethnot downewards: therootc is fome what thickeand reddifh at the head with divers firings and fibres thereat. 5. Geranium Mofrovincum purptsreum. Purple Cranes bill of Mttfcevy. This purple Cranes bill hath broad leaves divided into five parts or divifions for the rood part.and dent-d like-' wife about the edges, fomewhar refembling Geranium fufeum ,but not fully fo large, or rather like the Geranium and with fome blacke fpots alio like them at the bonome of the divifions of the leafe, the (falkerifeth about two foote high, with lundry tufts of large purplifli blew flow¬ ers tending to red, the leede that folio weth is ahnoft as (mail astliat of the Roman ftriped kiiide: the roote fhoct- eth forth divers heads whereby it is increafed, but loofeth all his leaves in winter which the others doe not. ' 6 . Geranium Batracboides alterum longius radicalism Uobc'.ij. Long rooted Crowfoot Cranes bill. The leaves of this Cranes bill are fomewhat large but yet lefle then the other Batracboides elfe very like.amonc' which rife fundry ffalkes bearing faire and beautiful! red flowers of a more excellentred colour then thofe of the bulbed Cranes bill, /mefling very fweet like Muske, and feede fiicceeding like the other ithe roote is very kmgandgreat.withfmallfibresthereat. \ 7. Geraniumjiarvum Salinanticenfe. Small Sp.iniJb'Cnexts bill. ’ 1 (mall Cranes bill hath leaves like the ordinary Crowfoot,and fniall purple flowers, with great heads like the t, mdj Cranes bill,and a fmall fibrous roote. The Place. T^e firfl as Clufius faith grew in Denmark, in the countrey of Hafina • the naturall place of the fecond is not ex P rt ” 1 ™ as Cl n fi u ’ f alt ^ groweth in fome parts of Hungary the fourth in other places of Germany - the lift in GMufcop -brought to usby Mr. bhn Tradefcant -. the lT*t oil .Mount Baidu,., and the laft on the ftony /a nd barren hills of Salamanca m Sfame, Vv.> — ' The Time . They all flower in Unc and Inly ,and their feede is ripe quickly after*, , _ ... , The NamfiU The Greekes call it reatmq^smwm, and fo doe the Latimfatfo,but to expreffe it the more plainely Gruinalis, bRoJlrum grui, otg « rmm gcReflrum (utoma from the forme of the feedes like a Storke or Cranes bill : the Itali¬ ans call itGiramo and Bjflro d, grtte, the Spaniards Pica ds &g*ma, the French bee de-drogue, the Germanee SsonknfchnaM, the Dutch Os/enatrv beck., and we in Englijh Storkes bill or Cranes bill. The fuff is Cfe/m his fourth Geranium, which he caleth Gcranmm bsslbofum Pennai, and Bauhinm Geraniam orumofa radlie : the fe- V s . G "T Am »°*>w,and tuberiferum TPlateau alfo, forthey are both but one plant, as he (beweth f “^.andfthmkds very like, ifnot the fame with the Germutm Romarmm verficolor five flriatnm, which is et forth in my former booke; the third Clufius calleth Geranium pttlleflore, which it is likely Gefner in Aftentice \ maketh 7 5 A P.I07. Theatrttm 'Rotante um. T R I B E, 5 maketh mention of: the fourth Camerarim and Clufiui call Geranium Bitrecheides mrut and alterum • the fit, hath not beene published by any that I know, although we have had it long time in our (gardens: the Ext'is called by I^bcl Cjerantum B atrachoides tongius return, which Camerari„ callcth Geranium Macrnbjfon, and called! S lU %"? b y fome as he faith.cf TDcWrir Batrachoiies alterum : the laft is called by CluGw Geranium cti*. VHm vel Sfilmanticenfe rojlratumfcut Bauhintu Geranium parvumfelijs Ranunculi, The Virtues, All thefe Cranes bills are drying, binding.and a little hot withall.and are found to be effefluall both in inward ^ c“, tward w ° und, > r ° y bleedings,vomitings and fluxes, eythcr the decoftion of the hetbe,or the powder ol the leaves and roots nfed as the caufe requireth. P ' Cu*t. CVII. (jnama LMalvxcea. Round or Mallow leafed Cranes bills. He fecond kind of Cranes bills to be entreated of, is of thofe that beare round or Mallow liki leaves, which (hall follow. *• Geranium tuberofumminutCamerarij. SmalltuberousCrancsbill. This fmall Cranes bill hath divers round leaves very like the ordinary Doves foote, but much Idle the fl jwershkewife are very fmall and reddilh like thereunto, and lo are the beake heads with feede alio : the roore is round, of the bigneffe of an Hafle nut, without any fibres growine Q tne noiirilhinent: out of rhf* earrh hu rfrr^ipp lifrle rr nmKpc mliirK r»»«n L.nr. & ... . « • uA-uruH. Diuuuu, 01 uic uiyiitnc ui an naiicnit, witnout any fibres growint? from it, drawing the nounfhment out of the earth by certaine little rrouthes, which arc like fmall hollow parts there in Pot abiding to be taken out of the naturall place of its growing, which is in mud walls to be tranfponed into gardens, tor as Earner arm faith having often tryed it,it will decay by little and little. 2 - GeraniumColumbinum vulgare. The common Doves foote or Cranes bill. The commorf-Doves foote or Cranes bill hath divers fmall round pale greene leaves, cut in about the edges much like unto Mallowcs,(landing upon long reddifh hairy (hikes, lying in a round compaffe upon the ground amoii 0 which rile up two or three or more reddifh joynted, flender, weake and hairy flalkes.with fome luch like , , e “ tll£rco11 but tmaller and'more cut m up to the tops, where grow many very (mall bright red flowers.of five leaves a pcece.afrer which follow fmali heads, with fmall (hortbeakes pointing forth, as all other forts of thefe kinds ofherbes doe, whereby they are knowne to be of this family, how variable foever their face or forme of leaves,ecc. be. r u- 3 Cranium Malacoides Uciniatum five Cofum&tnum alterum* The other Doves foote. Of this kind there is another fort, whofe leaves arc greener, not fo round, and fomewhat more cut in on the Geranium bulbofum vulgare. The common bulbed Cranes bill. f R r b s, 5. The Theater of Tlants , Chap. 107. 707 6. Geranium aitbnodes majus. The grcaquft Marfli Mallow leafed Cranes bill, u cranium Saxatile. Rockic Cranes bill. edges, making the leafe feeme of divers parts more then the former, or like the Vervaine Mallow but fomewhas letter .other wife like it in flowers, weake leaning (hikes,8cc. , 4.. Geranium Matacoides feu Columbmum minimum. The lealt Doves foote. This is another alfo very {mail, not rifmg above two or three inches with his ftalkes ; the leaves alio flowCK,an« {cede are of a life eq jail to the reft, that is very fmall. ., , . . - c Geranium Mahoid.es five Columbiattm tenuius laciniatum. Doves roote wich thin cut leaves. This alfo is but a fmall plant not above an handbreadth high, whofe leaves arc round of the bigncfle of ones nayle, cut in at the edges into foure divifions.and each of them fomewhat cut in alfo, ftandmg upon ong foote- flalkes ; the flowers are fmall, two for the moll part and no more Handing together, lmall and reddifh like the other,andfo is the feede and roote. „ .... 6 Gcranium Altktodei mayue, The greateft Marfa Mallow leafed Cranes bill. The firft leaves of this Cranes bill ate more round then the other that follow, which are fomewhat long. With the roundneffe like unto the Marfa Matlowes, fomewhat roundly but a little deepely cut in on the edgs, toft alfo and of a whiter greene colour almoft woolly, the (hikes are more uprigh and hairy, thereon, but fmailer longer and a little more cut m on the edges, on thetoppes Whereoflmall f' P£ flowers, and after them fmall beake heads like unto others i the roote is fomewhat long and wooddy dying eve ry yeare,and rifing againeof it owne fowing. r , _ 7 Geranium e^ltheodes minus. Thelefler Marfa Mallow leafed Cranesbih. This other Cranes bill is like the other in all things but fmaller and lower, the leaves being a little whiter, t e flowers fmall and £o likewife the feede, that oftentimes wee fcarfe finde it. •8 Geranium Alee* veficariafifijs* Venice Mallow leafed Cranes l li. This SpaniO> Cranes’bill fpreadeth it felfevery farre with long {lender branches, whereon are fet at certains di- fiances many leaves like unto the Venice Mallow but more divided, the flowers are fmall and purphfh, after which foUoweth the feede contained in fmall velfells; the roote perifaeth every yeare. This and the third*, mong a number of other feeds were brought me by Guillaume'See l which he gathered in Spume upon my charge; however Kir . '““j lying,on tie ground all the Autmnne, Winter and Spring Untill the Summer, tha the ftalkes up*°“ re Jta high, or fomlwhat more,, bearing a few leases on them.and very fmall purphfh red flowers,brighter and redd 70S Chap. 108. Theatrun. Bctanicum. Tribe ^ p then the Doves foote, which gives very Imall feede, but of the falhion of the reft; yet Camerarius addethto' Thalim defeription that the feede is yellow like Chamalme EnglifhWormefcede, but without any tafte,wherein i finely he is much miftaken, for how could it be Geranium then, as both hee and Thalim call it; and moreover > Coltemna indeferibing it Iheweth what manner of bills or beake heads it beareth : therooteis fmall and yellow- dl ilh, yet abideth and perilheth not.but encreafeth plentifully enough of the feede in my Garden. 7 he plate. The firff groweth as Camerariui faith out of mud walls in divers places of germanj, the fecond commonly in i paflure grounds,and by the path Tides every where, and will be in many gardens alfo : the third is found inlomj 0 paflures alfo, but not frequent: the fourth in the fields about Rhosomagum or Roan in Narbone s the fift in woods s' about sMompelierzthe fixe on Mount Baldw .about Oifompe her alfo, & in other places : the feventh in S/«i»c,froni i whence I had feedes brought me : the lad in (tony grounds in Harcyniafjlva, as Camerarim and Thahtu an( j about Naples as Columna faith, but found ailo in our owne countrey by M r , Iohn Cerdier, a great lover and cu- . rious fcarcher of plants; who befides this hath found in our countrey many other plants,not imagined to grow in our Land. I with there were many more of Ffis minde, that not hindering their affaires at fpare times, would be indulirious to learch cut and know what the ground bringeth forth,where their occafions are to be. TheTime. They all flower in the Summer moneths of lunejalj and Augufl ,fome more early then other,and their feede is ripe quickly after. The Names, The firfl i called by Camerar'ius Geranium tuberofum minimum : the next two forts are called generally Pes C*. lumbinsu , and Geranium Columbmum, and iome Reftrum Gruis and (jruinum, and Kojin urn Cicoma, Scorfces bill yet fome as famerarias and others note it,call it Geranium GAlal'mceum, and Baljimmum, and Momordica from thence as Camerarius faith, efpecially the greater fort as Matthiolm faith.from thcTal/amine o> healing proper¬ ties as it is likely above the other forts, although LoUf/taxeth him for la laying, where himfelfe is more wor¬ thy of reproofe, in miflaking the iccond fort for the firfl here exprefTed. ThecommSh Doves foote is generally held to be the fecond Geranium of‘ Diofcorides , alchough Brafavolas as Lftlatihio/w noreth it was mjflaken there¬ in : the Italians call it Rofirode ciccngna , and Geranio ; the Spaniards Pico aiciguenha ;the french Bee degrue, and bee de cieogne : the Cjermans Storkenjchnabcl and Sorter kraut ; the Dutch Tfujvenvoet , sn d wee in £no!i[h Doves foote. Cranes bill,and Storkcs bill : the fouth and fife are of Basthimu addition by the lame title they“beare here: the fixtis called Geranium Malacoides of Label. and Althaodes of Camerarim, wherein as I (aid before he was mi¬ fhken in taxing Matthwhts- of Tabermantanm Geranium UHonJpeliacxm, and of Banhinus Geranium folijs Althaa and faith that it may mod fitly agree with the fecond Geranium of Pliny (who followeth c Diofiorides ) which hath as he faith more white or woolly leaves then a Mallow, the feventh and eighth arc of mine owne nurfingup from the Spanifh (cede, and being of neare affinitie receive alfo their name scorreipondent; the laft is called by Camera- rim Gcrainum Saxati/e. and nor knowneashe faith before his time. Thalim mentionethit in Harcynia [ylva by the name of Geraniumrjre-irri: and Columna Geranium altcrummontanum faxatile rolundifclmm. and Bauhiuus Geranium lucidumfixatile. The Venues. The ordinary Doves foote is found by good experience, and Lobel and others note it alfo to bee fingular good for the Winde Collicke and paines thereof in the lower belly, as alfo to cxpell the (lone and gravell in the Kid- neies, the decoftion thereof to be drunke, or tofitasina bath therein, or to be fomented therewith : the de- coftion thereof in wine is an exceeding good wound drinke for any to take that have either inward wounds hurts or bruifes.both to flay the bleeding, to diffolve and cxpell the congealed blood, and to healc the parts, as alfo out- ward fores ulcers or hftulaes pcrfeffly to clenfe and heale them, and for greene wounds, many doe but bruife the herbe and apply it to the place wherefoever it bee, and it will quickly heale them : the fame decottion in wine fomented to any place pained with-the Goute giveth much eafe : it doth the fame alfo to all joynt aches or paines of the finewes. Gerard his experience to be fingular in ruptures or burftings (but pot as of his owne invention) is knowne to be mod certaine, whether you take the powder or the decoftion of the herbe, for fometimes toge¬ ther, and helpeth as well young as old folkes, if they continue it the longer. C m a P. CVIII. Gerania laciniata. Cranes bills with jagged leaves. Hethird and lad kind ofCranes bills,is aslordered it at the firfl, of fuch forts that have their leaves more jagged then the former, as fit all be (hewed. i. Geranium mofehatum. Muske Cranes bill. The Muske or fwcet duelling Cranes bill hath divers long,winged darke greene leaves lying npon the ground, yet lomewhat whirilh by the haires that are thereon cut into many parts or leaves, and each of them cut in on the edges, among which rife up wcake tender (hikes, fcarfe able to Hand upright, ufirallynot a foote high, With fome (uch like leaves upon them as grow below, but fmaller and finer cut in at the toppes.and among the upper leaves fometimes alfo grow divers very fmall red orcrimfon flowers, after which come very fmall and long beakes or bills with leede at the bottome, as all the reft of the Cranes bills have, which twineth it felfe as moftofthem doe: therooteis fomewhat long with divers fibres thereat; the whole plant and every part thereof above the ground,hath a plcafant fine wcake lent, which lome relcmble to Muske, whereof came the name,but the fentoftrue and good Muske is much differing from it. a. geranium mefehatum inodorum. Vnfavory Muske Cranes bill. There is little difference to be difeerned betweene this and the former Cranes bili,eyther in growth or bignes,or fUn a'bt, ^ ormc l eavcs or flowers, but chiefly differing in this that it hath no lent at all wherein refteth the chiefeft.if not the onely difference : Of this fort alfo one hath bcene found to beare white flowers,differing in nothing elfe. 3. Geranium fRIBK.5. The Theater ofTlants. Chap.io8. 709 1 . Geranium Mofcbatum* Muske Cranes bill. 4 . Geranium fidum. Strong fenced Cranes bill. 3. Geranium Afutumodertim. Italian Muske Cranes bill.' The Italian Muske Cranes bill hath divers long leaves, and fomewhat hairy lying,on the ground,cut in on the edges fomc- what like the divifions of the lower leaves of the Candy Cranes bill,(landing uppn reddifh footeflalkes, the two low- eft jagges being greater then the red, butthofe that rife up with the ftalkc are more cut in, lame what like unto the lower leaves of Coriander, orFctherlew, but-with rounder dents, ofa fweetefent, asthe-firft, whereof it is thought to bee a f fpeciei of: the ftalke is jointed and kneed, with two fuch like , s 'iw muo. leaves at them, but more finely jagged, and at the toppedi- Jf’J ** f vers frnall flowers, of a pale blewifh purple colour, each ^ r t {landing in a greene hairy huske, wherein afterwards helnnr ..4r„,iu ; „ , ftand the heads of feeds very like unto the Candy kinde, great Below and frnall above .-the roote is fmall and yello W) lifting the head a little above the ground. tv r c-„, 4 ' 9 ' ranium Strong fented Cranes bill. l ms cranes bill hath divers hoary greene leaves, finely cut in on the edges into many parts from among which ^^, end T airy ftal , kes f ? at c the '? ynt8 with a tew lmalt lea ' ves > and thre eor foure fomewhat large kiffironp in rh T'f ^ thc ,° thcr f ° rts > (mdU "S lomewhat fweete in our Gardens bjf the tranfpofition, the " atura11 warmer places, after which come the feede fomewhat long,drone and ftiffe : the roote g 0weth owne deepe, of a reddifh colour on the outfide and white within, which fmelleth much flron°er then leaves or flowers, and (hooteth forth fundry heads of leaves at the toppfc m onger men 5 - Cjeranutm trip five Indie urn noEtu okns. Sweete Indian Crafe'bill, greene leave's d fl " bm tUber ° US ^ Afph ° di11 like > fr0m w ’ ncnce ri(e foure or five long and large fad rf t flyC Htlnto many parts,. e^h part jagged on bothfides fomewhat reftmbling the leaves of S, I b “‘ . tbe mlddIc rib be being reddidt and the red fad greene 1 the dalke is jointed or kneede with tehke leaves riling with it, and at the toppe a tuft of many flowers,like for forme Upto thole of other Cranes Ghr If 3 b c 0X i kc ye c ? lo ‘ ,r ’ each leafe bavin S rw0 P ur P [ « fpots-on them, which being fallen there come n the k - L S b f akes as are m \ ,e fo rm f with reddifh feede on them, thc-flowers fmell very flvcere like MusTe pearahc?- 1 it°riftJr’h ! f dth ' day V!" e ’ as rdufin § thc Su '™« influence,but delighteth in the Mooncs ap¬ pearance , ittafteth lomewhat fower, and bothrootes and leavesare J-erticcfor the Indians lippes, P . 6. Geranium Monfteliacum laciniatum. French jagged Cranes biK hranrhJ- p- ,agse< ? CraneS b u J! feth 11 P wi th fundry rough hairy (hikes, th; ee or fbure footehigh, /oynted and b anched ,n divers places with divers leaves ihereon cut on both (ides, very like unto thofe of the M ske Crapes whic^comerf" f th «^«*e»PP e *,oF..Ac ft-lkes and branches are frnall,, of a pale pur, le colour, a fte r whl-fn?T K fc u d l’ D | Ut c ft j e [ ameb / !Ske wherein the flowers flood before, as is common to all the kinds when tW b “ tbC bcake r h ! ads hereof are very long and hairy, even five inches long, which twine thcmfclves When they grow ripe and fo fall upon the ground .memieives n; ,, 7 - . Geranium Atpnumlangmsradicatum Pena. Mountaine trapqVbill with longrobt^ his Mountaine Cranes bill hath a very long downe right roote, parted upwardsinto two or three branched heads, fending forth many leaves, divided into five or fix parts, each whereof is dented with three decoe galhes at the end, foft alfo and woolly.flandmg on very long footeflalkes, covered with flyer like downe, the flowers (land atthe toppes of naked ftalkes, two or three together fomewhat large and round, yet a little round at the ends, «f a pale purplifh colour with divers reddifh lines therein.and divers threds in the middle : the fi-ede »s frnall and (landing on (hort beake heads e T . , , . . Geranium Rgberftanum vtilaare. The common herbe Robert- ,•l cotn '™ r > With us.rifeth up with a reddifh ftalke, ufually two foothi°b bavins each ofthe'm'n C G ° niUP v, 0n ^ eryd ° n ” and reddi fo footflalkes, divided at the ends into three or five divifions.and of them cut in on the edges, fome with deeper cuts then others, and all dented likewife about the edges- ^ P P which, (Jhap.io8, Theatrum 'Botanicum. T 710 RIBi. y. Geranium trifle (ive Indicum nottu olent, Ktmifprp ItiAinn f.ranr* hi 11. Ge, 8. Geranium Robertianum vulgare. The common Hcrbe Robert. 7. Geranium ^Ipinum lengiui radicatum Pona. Mountaine Cranes bill with long rooces. T r i b e .5. The Theater of Plants, which oftentimes turne reddifh; at the toppes of the ftalke come forth divers flowers,made of five leaves, much larger then the Muske Crapes bill or Doves tootef Lobel maketh a diflerence in theflowers fome to be larger then othersJ and of a more reddifh colour: alter which come beake heads as in others, which are not fmall nor ivery great : thetoote is fmall and threddy, and ftnelleth as the whole plant elle doth, very fttong almoft It Sinking. p. Geranium Robertianummapu. The greater herbe Robert. ' This herbe Robert rifeth up with divers fender hairy reddifh tlalkes three foote high, at the Joynts whereof iftand leaves upon Ihorter yetreddilh footftalkes, divided at the ends mold ufually but into three parts, as larpe or rather more then the former, and turning red likewife : the flowers are pnrplifh red, and of the fame bigneife : and fo are the feede and beake heads, the roote is wholly red both within and without, not fmelling fo fttong has the former. The Place, The two firft grow wilde in many places of this Land,as well in medowes as waft grounds,the firfl is chcrifhed 1 for the fent in Gardens,more then the other, which is found fometimes upon Heaths, and dry gravelly placcs.but a much fmatler then in the better grounds uhe third was found by Columna in X after upon the hills there: the i fourth at the North fide of Mons lupus by Alompelier : the fift in the Indies : the fixt by ’JMampelier alfo : the fe¬ ll venth on mount Baldus : the eighth is frequent every where by wayfides, upon ditch banks and wafle grounds I wherefoever one goeth, but the laft is noc fo frequent as the other, yet often feene and found. The Time, ’ They flower in Ime and Iulj chiefely,and their feede is foope ripe after. The Names, 1 This is called Cjcranium Mofchatum,Acm mofehtta , and Acm pajloris of fome,although the Scandix or Pc Ben Ve. neris,h fo called alfo, of fome alfo Roftritm Ciconia, and taken to be the Myrrhida Pimp ; CMatthioltu maketh it his third Geranium in his laft Edition,but the firfl in his former ty the name of Cicutafolto.T'odonens Geraniu fupirmm, and Baukinus Geranium Ctcutafolio Mofch:ituw:thc (ccond isicallcd Geranium grtsinum by Todonaus, and minus byTragus and Tabermontanus , and by others vulgattim inodarttm ,and 'JMofchmurn inodorum : the third is called by Columna Geranium ApulumCoriandri folio alterum odorum : the fourth is called by thofeof Mompclier as it is in the title : the fift Cornntus calleth Geranium triple : thefixt is called by Bauhinm, Geranium Cicutafolia acnlongijfmai the feventh is called by Pona Geranium Alpinumfonguu radicatum-.pnt eighth is generally called Geranium Rober. tianum and "Rupertlanit,and htrba Roberti or Ruperti,A,nguiIlara calleth it PanaxHcracleum: it is certainely taken of many thebeft of our moderne writers to be the Sideritis tenia PDiofcoridts. which Cratevas he faith called He. rsc/MjWhofe leaves are like thole of Coriander,ytz Columna taketh the Diapinfia Sanicle to be it: the laft is cal¬ led by Lobcl Gcranij Robertiani altera fpccics, by DoCtonaw Geranium gruinale, and is tile Cjcraniitm Violate nm of Gerardyand Tabermontanus whomhefolloweth, the Germane: call this Bludmtrtejdeft, Sanguinaria radix. The Vertues. Thefe kinds of Granes bills are neare the temprature of the former, and may performe all the properties found in them, but the two firfl: forts here expreffed ate held more available for the mother to fettle it in the place when it is fallen downe. Herbe Robert is not onely commended againft the Clone, but to flay blood, where or howfoever flowing, and fo is the laft alfo, as alfo fpeedily to heale all greene wounds, and is effeduall alfo in old ulcers,in the fecret as well as in the other parts. Gh 4 P. CIX. Tabacco Anglictm. Englifi Tabacco.' Have in m yformer book given you the knowledge of divers forts of Tabacco/uch as for their flow: ers fake might befit to be nourfed up in gardens: there remaineth one fort more, which is planted more for the life of Phificke and Chirurgery then for any other refpeft whereof I meane to fpeake in this Chapter. It rifeth up with a thicke round ftalke, about two foote high, whereon doe grow thicke, fat and flefhy greene leaves, nothing fo large as the other Indian kinds, neither for breadth ar length, fomewhat round pointed alfo and nothing dented about the edges: the ftalke brancheth forth, and acareth at the toppes divers flowers,let in greene huskes like the other, but they are nothing fo large, fcarfe ftan- ling above the brims of the huskes, round pointed alfo,and of a greenifh yellow colour: the feede that followeth s not fo bright but larger then it, conteined in the like, and as great heads: the rootes are neither fo great or vooddy,and perifh every yeate, with the deepeftofts in winter, but rifeth generally of the feede that is fuffred :o fhed it ielfe. The Place, This cameras it is thought from fome part of Brafile,and is more familiar to our countrey then the other Indian orts,early giving ripe feede when as the others feldome doe. The Time, , It flowreth from June fometimes unto the end of t^iugufi or later, and the feede ripeneth irt the meane ime. The Names, The name Pcr*»> whereby it iscalled.is properly from 'Bra/fill.as I ani given to underhand, and yet fome have (firmed that this herbe is not the right herbe, the Indians there lo called, wee received it by that name which is > continued . It is thought alfo by fome that lohn Nicot the French man, being agent in Portugali for the French ing.fent this fort of Tabacco and not any other to the French Queene,and is called thereupon herba Regina, and •om himfelfe Nicotiana, which is probable becaule the Tartu galls and not the Spaniards were mailers of Bras file PPP * Theatrum Botanicum, Chap.io p . KiB T abaci) aingiiitum, tnglijhl abicca. at that time : the Indian names ofP itielt and T erebecetttte arc more proper as I take it to the other Indian kinds 1 1 wee doe ufually call it in EnglandEngiifh Tobacco (not that it is naturall of iwg/W but)becaufe it is more con)': monly growing in every countrey garden almoft, and better endureth then the other: Label and others account eedit, as well as the other forts an Hyofcjamw and called it bjefejam* latetx, and dabitu, and thereupon fome have called it in Englijb yellow Henbane. The Vertues, This kind of Tabacco although it be not thought fo ftrong.or fweete for fuch as take it by the pipe, (and yet It, have knowne S r . Walter Raleigh, when he was prifoner in the Tower, make choilc of this fort to mate good Tobacco of.which he knew fo rightly to cure as they call it, that it was held almoft as good as that which came from the btdtes, and fully as good as any other made in England ) nor yet io effectual! for inward difeales, be- caufe it is not io much ufed as the other, yet it is availa¬ ble by good experience for to expederate tough flegme out of the ftomacke, cheft and lungs, that doth of¬ fend them ; the juice thereof being made into a Syrnpc,or thedilfilled water oftheherbe drunke with fome Sugar, or without as one will, or elfe the fmoake taken by a pipe as is uluall, but fading. The fame alfo helpeth to expellwormes in the ftomacke and belly, as alfo to apply aleafetothebellv, and to eafe the paints of the head, or theMegrime, and the griping paines in the bowells, al¬ though to fome it may feeme, to bring or caule more trouble in the ftomacke and bowells for a timeit is alfo profitable tor thofe that arc troubled with the (lone in the kidneyes.both to eafe paines, and by. provoking urine to expell graved and the (lone tngendred therein, of that vifcous matter, and to heale the parts; and hathbeene found very effeftuall to fuppreffc the malignitie and ex¬ pell the windy and other offenfive matters, which caufe theftrangling of the mother: the feede hereof is much more efteduall to eale the paines of the toothach, then any Henbane feede,and the afhes of the burnt herbeto clenfethegummes and teeth and make them white: it hath beene thought not to have beene lafe for weake bodies and conftitutions, nor for old men, but of both forts I have feene the experience that it hach bin profitable being taken in a due manner, that is fading, and to bed ward and before meacc. Thevet faith that the Women in America forbeare the taking of Tobacco,becaule that they have beene taught that it will hinder conception and bo¬ dily lull: the herbe bruifed and applyed to the place of the Kings Evilljhclpethitin nine or tendayes cffeflually : it is laid alfo to bee effcftuall to cure the dropfie, by taking foure or five ounces of the juice fading, which will ftrong- ly purge the body both upwards and downewards. Mo. la/trAu* In i P_-_: r r- nardwt faith it is an AUxifharmacum or Counterpoifon, for the biting of any venemous creature, and to annlv the herbe alfo outwardly to the hurtplace. The diddled water is often given with fome Sugar before the fit of an Ague, Doth to leflen the fits and to alter them and take them quite away in three or toure times ufin» • which water above many other will tafte of the Iharpenefle of the herbe it felfe, but will yeeld no oyle or unffu’ous fub- ftance, as moft other herbes will doe, although divers have boafted to make an oyle thereof ; ifthe diddled faces oftheherbe having beene bruifed before the didillation, and not diddled dry bee fet in fim, calido, t0 digeiffot 3 4 .dayes, and after wards hung up.n abagge in a.wine Sellar, that liquor that diftilleth therefrom is fingular good totife for Cramps.AchestheCout and Sciatica, andto heale itches, fcabbesandrun-ing Vlcers Cankers and foule fores whatloever: the ,mcealfo is good for all the faidgreefes, andlikewife tokifl lice in childrens cureanvd’h^r UpplyCIJ ’"Tg^wound is commonly knowne to country folkes, to cure any frefh wound or cut whatever: and the juice put into old fores both clenfeth and healeth them for fouehaXf’manydoemake;afingttlarg,oodfalve hereof in this manner. Take of the grecne herbe three or toure handful,s, bruife, rand put it into a quart of good oyle of Olives, boilethem on a gentle fire untill the theret! r Wax ry R an ( St W n ° ‘ 0n !? r ’ the " 1Brri * , ic «wtli bard and fet it on the fire againe, adding TurMminctwn^ 0 ^ J a ow f’ , or Dcarcs Suet which you will, of each a quarter of a piund, of SSalu T ’ a w\ bemg me t , d E“ t « UP f °7° ur “ fe! Some wil1 addc hercunt ° tbe powder of fixdrams which ’ TT Birt[ !Wort, and ofO/,te«wthatis, white Frankinfence of each halfean ounce, or helneimno^ h l a° bee pUt ,n ' vh f n c ‘ S ,r gh cold ’ and wel1 ftirted c ®g“her : this falve likewifS will neipe lmpoftumes,hard tumors,and other fwslhngs by blowcs or falls. & ' Peiliadarii five Filial aria . Rattle graffe. F the Rattle graffe there are two efpeciall kinds.the one with red flowers,the other with yellow,and! ofcach ieverall forts as flhallbe fhewed, i. epedicnUrisfratenfisrubritvidgnit, Common red Rattle. This hath {undry reddifh hollow ftalkes and fometimes greene riling from the rootc, lying for the mod part on the ground,vet fome growing more upright with many (mall reddifh or grecnifti leaves ] feton both Tides of a middle rib, finely dented about the edges: the flowers Hand atthetoppes of the flalkesand branches of a fine purplifh red colour, like fmall gaping hoods after which come flat blackifh feede in fmall husks which lying loofe therein will Rattle with (having s the roote confifteth of twoot three lmall whitifh firings, < with fome fibres thereat. a. Pedicularit major Alpim. The greater mountaine Rattle graffe. This rifeth up nearehalfe a yard high with a thicke crefted ftalke fet fomewhat thicke, with, long (talkes of ; Winged leaves made after the mannerof Feme, notched about the edges one above another, the flowers are like i: the former but of a whitifh colour growing in a long (pike, after which doth follow broader huskes conteining flat feede therein like unto Mad wort : the root is long,thicke and blacke. j. P edicularhminor Alpina. The lefl'er mountaine red Rattle. Thisfmaller fort groweth much lower then the laft, and with fewer leaves on the ftalkes, which are (lender I alfobut hollow like unto them : the flowers likewife ate fmallet and fet on a fhorter (pike, but of a brave (hi- ‘ ning red colour: the huskes that follow are greater then the firft,with long beakes at their ends, having cornered feede within them : the roote is long and white of the bigneffe of ones finger.with fome great fibres thereat. 4. Pedicularii five Crifiagalli lutea. Yellow Rattle, or Coxcombc. The common yellow Rattle hath feldorae above one round greene ftalke riling from the roote about halfe si yard or two foote high,and with but few branches thereon,having two long and fomewhat broad leaves at fet a ;oynt deepely dented or cut in on the edges, refembling therein the crefts or combe of a Cocke, broadeft next to the ftalke and fmaller to the end: the flowers grow at the toppesof the ftalkes with fome fhorter. leaves with thcm,being hoodded after the fame manner that the others are,but of a faire yellow colour in moft.or elfe in fome paler and in fome more white : the feede is conteined in large huskes,and being ripe will rattle or make a noyfe with lying loofe in them: the roote is fmall and {lender perifhing every yeare. 5, Pedicular u /Upbutlutea, Mountaine Yellow Rattle. The ftalke hereof groweth halfe a yard high, fet with long winged leaves, compofed of many fmall finely X. Pedicularis pretenfij rubra vulgam, Common red Rattle, Pedifularii five Crifia Galli lutea, Yellow Rattlc 3 or Coxcombe, 714 Chap.iii Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tr!be.^ dented leaves up to thetoppes of them.wherethey arc bare of leaves and beare long fpikesof eapm<> and h n 1 ded yellow flowers, which yeeld afterwards fmall long hnskes like thofc of Snapdragon with fmall ' thcnvthe roote is made of divers long blackilh fibrous firings. P g lma11 leedc m 6 . CrifiagaUilutea umbe/lata. Yellow Rattle with flowers in tufts. This hath but few and narrrow leaves ofan inch long a peece,riling from a (lender fmall roote and a flalke f among them little more then an handbreadth high, having many yellow flowers fet together at the cod^ tr ° m ’ were in anumbell ortuft.fafhioned like the other,but three times longer then thofe of the common fort E? : great broad huskes conteining the feede after them. ‘ naWlt “ t 7. Crifia Gain aagujHfolia montana. Mountaine narrow leafed yellow Rattle. This yellow Rattle hath two long and narrow pointed greene leaves dented about the edoes" fet one • n 1 another upon the flalke, which is a cubit high, from betweene which rife other (mailer leaves and a fmalMMU ! likewife an inch or two long, with very fmall leaves thereon, and fmall pale vellow flowers like !■ e : lort but fmaller.with flat (cede in fmall huskes following them. e ordln!lr y / The Place and Time. Some of both thefe kinds grow in our medowes and Woods generally through the Iarrd where thev a ther a plague or annoyance to it .then of any good ufe for the cattle, but the reft in Germany extent -he iL is of Spaine • and are in flower from Midfomer untill Augufl be pad (ometimes. ’ ' : which 1 The Names. The later writers (Tor none of the ancients have remembred any of them as farre as can her r,nrl,rn „„a , them Pedicular,, and Pedicu/aria, bccaufc that (heepc feeding thereon will breede lice it is called f a of the hollownefle of the ftalkes and CriftaGaUi or Gallmacca, bccaufethe flowers as (on e ihinkr n, Cockes Combe at thetoppes of the ftalkes .-others thinke it to be focalled of the leavesefpe'ciallv of th » 3 whofc dentings on the edges referable the Combe or creft of a Cocke: fome alfocall xhtmAUal’clophmJipTl whole delcriptioncommethnearelt unto this, above any other herbe that is knowne : fomr air f r . the iMimmulwhcrbaof Pliny Jib.iZ.cap.ii. which as he faith is the word herbe in a field hut fnmrddH “ u° word of THmj Ihould rather be Ntmmalus for Nummularia. The firft is called by all thefe’ names bv r j authors chat have written thereof, and Lugdunenfe, befidescallerh it Crifia gait, altera Eve Phtbirion • Vh is called by Lugdunenfi, as I doe in the title Fed,a,lari, major Alpha, and Baahinm Pedicular.u A bin} F I -f r major as he doth the third Filici, folio minor, and is the AleStrolophu, minor of Clafu, : the fourth it rfll lad j" cularh pratenfis luteavelCroftagalliby Baubinm ; and fampefiriiby Tracu, or Cri/la oalli nr r*ir calIed7 £“'- donam,LobelClufui,&c. the fife is called by Lugdanenfi, Filbendula Alpha, end Pedicel ,ri, Ah' P°- The Vertues . The red Rattle is accounted profitable to hcale np Fiftulaes and hollow VIcers, and to ftav thr cu to them, and alfo the abundance of womens courfes, or any other flux of blood,to be boiled in harfh ° f hu ! nours and drunke. The yellow Rattle or Cocks Combe is like wile held to bee good forKhar are W !" e cough or Withdimneffe of fight, if the herbe being boiled with beanes and fome honey put thereto bee dmZo? dropped into the eyes: the whole feede being put into the eyes doth draw forth anv skinne film, kc 2. r from the fight without trouble or pame, Some hold it to be of a cold and drying propertie. ’ ° r dlmneffe Chap. CXI, Balfamina mas. The Male Balfame Apple pfave,n my former booke given you the knowledge of the female Balfame, it reftethinthis to (hew f you male,which for the excellent hea mg properties of this as well as the other, defervedly have Z F ceived the name of a Balfame and therefore I thinke it not amide to give you the figure affo of the female and male altogether: the male may either be reckoned among the dimers for the manner of tte growing or for a kind of Co weumbet as fome authors doe, for the forme of the flowers and finite. It fpring- f th “P wi* d >^ Render reddith ftalkes and branches,(hooting forth many clafping tendrells like a Vine.wherf- by !t raketh hold of any poale or other thing that ftandeth neare it (yet had neede of fome binding thereto eaft the winds blow it dome) having leaves thereon cut in on the edges into fundry divifions, like unto a Vine leafe, or Snfo fr y ° ny H f Uch - faa f ’u w andmorcdi '' iddd ^ flowers are yellowifh white, like unto hofeofCowcumber, cummmg forth ,n the fame manner, at the Joints with the leaves ; after which come he fruite which isfomewhatbng and round, pointed at both ends, and bunched forth on the outfide in rowes the skin it felfe being fmooth and very red, almoltblackc when it is ripe havinu a reddifh nulne within The Place. 4. w i, jssatssE' 4 •**** **«. The Time. beforeft fede‘them. ith “ ^ ° r " CVer §:veth ripC ftuit ’ our cold ni g hts bcin S ora «Iy, far it to ripen , The Names. PuT(Rlr n ftnmr f hrni a p ny r fs“ ke n P ^f ati0ntha 5 Icanh “ reof,but iscalied in Urne Balfamina mac, to diftin- guilh it from the other that is called famma, and tooke the name from the Balfamine or healing properties are ir T a i b s. 5. The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 112. Eafaoina mas. The MalcBalfamc Apple. Sanmina famiita . The female Balfame Apple. it,yet is thought by fome to be the plant that ’Pliny in his 1 o. booke and 3. Chap, faith the Grecians called Cucur'i bit* Somphes. Some calleth itViticella, from the (hew ofa (mall vine it beareth; Cordsu in his hiflory of Plants cMethitCucamis puniceus, Gefner Balfaminapomifera, Lobel Balfamina f'sicumerina punicca, the Italians call ic Balfamina, and Caranza (from whence came the name farantia) and Momordica (yet differeth as Matthiolus noteth it from the greater kind of Geranium, with Mallow like leaves fo called alfo, whereof is fpoken before^ and fome Porno di Hierofolima,Pomum Hierofo/ymitanum.the French Merveille & Pome de MerveMUi,Pomnm Mi - rabile, the Germans Balfamopfel, and Balfamkraut, til eThstch "Balfame appel, and WC in Englijh the Male Balfame Apple,and of fome Apples of Hierufalem. The Venues . The Balfame Apple is dry in the fecond degree, and temperately cold, a dccoftion of the leaves in wine, or the powder being drunke is fayd to eafe the griping paines of the bowells, and the collicke paflion, as alfo of the mother if it be injedfed with a Syringe for the purpo(e:the powder of the leaves taken in the diddled water of Horfctaile or Plantane, is a fingular remedy for the Rupture or burding in children: the chiefelt manner of ufing it in Italy,, is to make an oyle of the. fmit thereof, when it is ripe by intufing the Apples, the feede being firfl ta¬ ken forth(and yet fome make an oyle out of the inner kernell of the feede.byexpreifion,in the fame manner that oyle is expreffed from Almonds ) in oyle Ollive and fet in the Sunne for certaine dayes, or digefled in TSalneo, or Fimo Equine which is cffedhiall not onely for inward wounds or hurts whatfoever being drunke, (the powder of the leaves alfo is effefhiall)but for all other outward wounds,be they frefh and greene, tofoder the lips of them and heale them, or old and inveterate Vlcerstodry up the fuperfluous moifture, and defluxion of humous hin¬ dring their healing, and to heale them quickly: the fame oyle alfo is very profitable for all prickes or hurts in the (inewesasalfoforcrampesand convullions, if the places bee therewith annointed, and to heale the Vlcers of the fecretparts in man or woman, or womens breads that arc fore or fwollen: ithelpeth alfo to eafe the paines of the piles: it curethlalfo fealdings or burnings by fire or water: it taketh away the fearres that remaine of wounds and hurts being healed, it dothalfo take alway the paines of the Ringings of Bees and Wafpes: it isfaid likewife to be veryjprofitable for women that arc barren by correfling the fuperfluous humidity of the mother, which migh be the caufe thereof, and thereby to make them fit to conceive. C h a ?. CXII. Trifolium odoratum, Sweet Trefoile. He name of Balfame mentioned in the lad Chapter, caufeth me to joyne this herbe next thereuntoii vfcxVmgP being fo called alfo of many, and the properties well worthy of that name, whereunto I thinke Stylljll meete to Joyne two or three other Trefoiles thereunto, this being of knowne properties, the other . 38 ^ 0flikdi ’' !. Trfolium 7 *6 Chap. 112. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 7 I. Trifoltum odor atum five LotueZlrkana. Sweet Trefoile or Bailame. The fweete Trefoile rifech up with one llrong round whitifh (hike, three or foure foote high, fpreadin" forth many branches on all tides, whereabout are fet many leaves upon long footelialkes, three alwayes let together of a whitifh greene colour, very foft, and lomewhat dented about the edges, of the fent of Fenugreek., which is thought to alter feven times a day,andis but a fancy, at the toppes of the branches Hand many flowers dofelyfet together, each of them like unto thofe of CfttellUot but larger, and of a bleake, or pale, watchet, blewcolour- after which come round whiteheads conteining darkeyellowifh coloured feeder the roote is fmall white and threddy, perifhing every yeare, and raifing it felfe from the feide that fheddeth, or being fowen in the Spring. 1, Trifolium Afpbaltites fiveiituminofum, Strong fmelling Claver. This kinde of Trefoile or Claver hath his firlt leaves fomewhat larger and rounder then thofe that grow upon the (hikes, three alwayes (landing together upon along footeftalke, ofadarke greene colour almolHhining, fee With lome hairinefle thereon: the llalke is llrong round and hairy alfo, riling to the height of two foote or bet¬ ter, whereon grow the leaves, more long and pointed then the lower, branching from the bottome mod ufuallv to the toppe, where grow many large flowers in a bufh or tuft,thicke fet together, of ablevviili purple colour and fomewhat hairy or hoary withall efpecially the huskes conteining the flowers, which afterwards turne into hairy brownilh broad cods conteining every one but one feede,which is fomewhat broad, rough and pointed at the one end ■■ the roote perifheth with us every yeare, but abideth in the hotter countries where it is natural!. T he fmell of the leaves and whole plant is fomewhat llrong almoft like Rue, or Herbegrace, efpecially while they are young, but much lltonger when they are growne old, even of Bitumen whereof it tooke the name: but although it retaineth his fent in his naturall and hotpiaces; yet withuslhaveobfervedthedrongfentwax- ' eth weaker every yeare then other, and after the fecond yeares lowing to be almoft without any fent at all- fo much can doe (in this as in many other plants) the temperature and moiilure of our countrey. 3. Trifolium Bituminofurn zAmericanum, Strong fmelling Claver o (America. This other bituminous Claver hathaflender, darke red, cubit high llalke, branchingfrom the bottome tithe toppe; fet with long leaves which are hairy and clammy, three alwayes togethei on a long footeftalke, not f melling fo llrong being bruifed as gently touched, the young fhoots fmelling like Rue or Herbegrace, the elder like a Goate or Bitumen.- rhe ends of the branches have purplifh flowers on them like Screphularia, the great Figwort.with three leaves Handing out, and one turned inward, but white within: the greene pods that follow have the like hairy clammineffe with the leaves, being of a fingers length, and a fmall purplifh tippe at the ends, wherein lye Kidney like foede : the roote is long and fibrous, whofetafteis almoft as fharpe as the Anemone: being annuaH as Cormm faith it is to be yearcly fowen (but if it be Galega Americana fore purpured as hee there faith f'ome called it, and whereby r Kob'm M of P*ru fent mee a plant longfince, i r dyethnot but abideth many 1. Trifolium adoratumV 1 TriftHium bi'tominofiim. Smetc Trefoile, Strong fmelling Claver, yeares; Tr I B*. 5 . TheTheater ofTlants. o . Trifoliumbituminofum /inter icanum . Strong ftnclling Clater oiAwtr'wi % Chap.ii2. jiy 4. Tfijotium Arntriccwm, Trcfoilc of America. vearesvet didnevercome to fiowringfincel had it) In his booke tikewife he laboureth fprighrly to prove that this pUntcommlth nearer to the defaription of ‘Diofcerides his Trifolium Alfialtite, then that other aft defcti- bed which is accounted the trueft with all writers, his greatefl reaion being grounded from the colou o the flower,which in this received is not purple like the Hiacinth which is Galeus note. A ; . Trifolium Americanum. Claver of America, _ , This flranee Clav'er bringeth forth many round [hikes, leaning to the ground, fpreading forth into many bran* ehes, whereon are let in divers places three leaves upon long footeftalkes, each whereof rs fomew at: roun ike the "B ituminofum but larger, of a darke greene colour, more dented about the edges, but0 * ro fl ng ’ . ■ like thereunto • at the toppes of the Ltalkes and branches (land long fpikie eares ef whitifo s ( S towSelthofc of that recited ftrong fmelling Claver, after which come in their places ftnali round and flattifti feede : the roote is fmall and ftrmgy, fpreading divers wayes. The‘Place. . , , The firft groweth not wilde in Iterance or Germany, but with them all is onely fowemn their Gardensi.and foit is with us j and even Diofcorides faith it grew inGardensm his time, as not growing wddein^^ccor other places that he had heard of. The fecond groweth about Mompeber and CMarfetllc, as andisa ftrangcr at Venice and other places of Italy, as well as m Germany and wlthus, andl onely in the Gardens of thofe that are curious confervers of rare plants. The two laft come irom the Weft M,es called America as it is thought. s The Time . , _ , - f The firft flowreth in Inne and luly, and doth alwayes perfeft his feede, but the ethers becanfe they flower a- ter,doe often miffc to give good feede,whereby we are often to feeke for them againe. The Names. . The Greeke W feemeth to be taken * velupute, for fo Newer (aith it ferveth Neorum volupun. The firft is of mod of the bell writers taken to be the A®Wr »>{©• of‘Diofcorides ,n Latino thiolits taketh it to be his Aamr dyei &, Lotus fyhefiris, and fo doe AngmUra and Caflor VurantesfoMPuJctm cits G^CameraL and callft Lotus fanva, Lacuna zod Turner ^ urhaua J*»g*r «U«h it TrifolJm D.ofcoridis,for fo Diofcorides faith his Lotus fativa was caUed Dodemus calleth it Tnfolwm turn llterum. becaufe he named the Mel,lot in the next Chapter to be Trtfolmm hortorum odora, onely Tabermmanus calleth stMMotus vcraSauhtn,ucMedstt Lo,,u h^Jis odora, ^ the tJMelilom fine*laris Alpiri by Pom, in the defcription of <~Mom Baidas Molt now a dayes c 11 it T f odora,urn, and the qermJes of old time called it Sjhen gez.eit (as Tragus and others fet it downe) that is feaven times fweete: fuppofing it loft his fent and gained it againe fo many times in a day which is bu a fancy:is 1 before, but being gathered and kept dry in the houfe it doth keepehis lent a little, but wi me % ^ rainy weather, ^hereby many deTire to lay it in their chambers, to be as it were their Almanacketo fhew them iHAP. Tbeatrum Botanicum . 1 B I y faire and toule weather. Jt is called of-many women now a dayes Balfame for the fin&ular healjncj nr™ ■ it hath : The other is called by all Authors Trifolium Afphaltaum, or Aftaltites or Bitummofum Coder ill™™ Germania calleth it Oxytrifhyllum^ as Biofcorides faith iome ufed to call it in his time and tJMemanthes • The Z'j is mentioned by lacobm Cernut w in his bookc of Canada plants. The lafl hath his name in his title as In, h ■ convenient to know it by : yet Bautinm taketh it to be the Lotifyhefiri, oer.w latifolium ex Armenia tWA- c* ! S pimu mentioneth. uwc The Vert ties. The /uice of the fvveete Trefoile as Dlofcorides faith is ufed with hony to be dropped into the eves to heni Vlccrs that happen tljprein, and taketh away all manner of Ipots, as pin or haw, as alio all skinnes that. ethCl over them to hinder the fight, galen fairh it is of a temperate quality, and that it is of a meane vigour in ir°' V ' Jlmg, lo it is of a meane propertie betweene heate and dryneffe. The oyle made of the leaves and hereof in the fame manner aslfaydof the flowers of white Melilot, is fo foveraione a lalve fmanv WCrs calling it a Baulmc) for todiflolve all hard fwellings, bunches or wennes in any part of the body as alfn ^ men prefle moderately all inflammations, and helpeth to digeft all corrupt and rotten fores full of corruntion i° tC ' ing them to maturitie,and healing them perfectly that it is to be admired : as alfo to hcare what proDerriec?/^" 1 fay it hath, and how wonderfully they extoll it, for all forts of greene wounds as well as old Vlcers a c 3 ir ^ eafe the paines of theGoute : It isfaid to be good for bruifes and burftings of young children for ° C j ! Iamencfle of joynts andlinewes, crampes, flitches. Aches, and generally all other the like outward whether .hey proceede of heate or cold. The diddled water is good to wafli ch.ldrens heads that are broken ' withfeurfeorfeabbes. They ufe to lay it in Chefts and Prefies to keepe Mothes from garments The a Ut lmelling Claver is of a flronger and hotter temperature, the decoftion thereof made in wine and drunke p the paines of the Tides comming by obftruftion,and provoketh Vrine as Hippocrates faith, it hilnerh wnm^ after their delivery are not well purged or cleared of the afterbirth, it provoketh their courfcs alfo and helne.h to expell the birth .Bwfcondcs faith it is very effiftmll againft all venemous creatures,as Serpents or othlr , it is reported faith hee, the decoftion of the whole plant taketh away all the paines thereof if the n\orehe 3S fired therewith,but if any that hath a lore (hall wafh it with that decoftion, which hath helped them that hHHl bin bitten or (lung, lt caufeth the fame paines in that party, which he had that was Hung orbitten and , 1,7 S thereby ^reporterh this matter a little orherwife, for hee faith that the decoftion oftht hclr,^ that is like unto an Hyacinth, taken in the Spring time when it is frefh, and boiled in water cureth thnfr ,°i!„ are bitten and (lung by Serpents and other venemous creatures, if the places be wafhed therewith - but if anv rh J are found and not bitten (hall bee wafhed with any of that decoftion, (and doth not fay as THofcmide, rhnfr C hayeafocorthatarewanred with the fame part of the decoftion that the other that was bitten w-s wafhrd with) they fhall feele the fame paines that he that was bitten felt; and further faith, theeffeft hereof H of admiration that the fame herbefhould cure them that are bitten or flung, andcaufe a found bodv or nlaJr be alike evill aflefted, as ifit were flung or bitten, rimy alfo in his 21. booke and a i. Chapter faith that led to beleeve, that it is venemous to a found party to be wafhed therewith, becaufe Sophocles the Pnr r A.vn r’ S . and that an excellent Philitionafhrmeth that the juice or decoftion thereof applyed to one nnr °‘ flung, procureth the fame paines that he that is bitten or flung doth feele, and therefore perfwadeth it nor ro w ufed hue to thofe arc bitten orflungby Serpents,&c. the flowers, leaves or feedeeyther all together or each Ce verally by it felfe being boiled in vcnegar.and a little hony added thereto being drunke is a fpeciall remedv frZ them that are flung or bitten by any vinemous creature: the feede is of mod force with Galen who annninrclh •„ to be put into Treakles that lie caufed to be made for divers perfons: the feede alfo boiled in honied water drunke is fingular good for the Plurifie, provoketh Vrine and allayeth the heate thereof, ■and is good for the St j a ?S Br y i lt k e *Ff t h thofe that have the falling ficknefle, and is fingular good for women that have the rifimr and “tangling of the mother, whereby they often feeme to be dead: the fame decoftion is alfo good for thofe have the Dropfie and taken before the fit of either tertian or c, u arta,ne Ague, it leffoneth the fits both of heate and cold,and by often ufing it doth quite take them away t three drammes of the feede, or foure of the leivi-» powthered and given in drinke provoketh womens monethly courfes effeftually. The fecond Claver of America by reafon both of the forme of the leaves, and fmell fo neare thereunto may feeme to be of the fame propertv bur I have not knowne any that have made triall of the effefts, P P y>buE Chap. CXIII. tMelilotm, Melilot, or Kings Claver. He mentioned 1 " the lad Chapter caufeth meeto Joynethe Mellilots next thereunto i both for the forme name and nature, being no leffe eftiftuall in healing then the other, and unto the : more common and knowne forts to addc fome more unkno wne to clofe up this Clajf,,. i- Melilotus vulgaris. Common Melilot. manv preened,'^ ot , wl ’ 1 S hlsII ; oft u kn °wneand growing wilde in many places of this kingdotne.hath fee round abou- ar r |J ° T hlg j T nfin g ,rom a tough long white roote which dyeth not every yeare, °etherunevenlv denr J.° 5 7 ' tsw ‘ tb ^U and fomewhat Iong.flrong, well fmcllingleaves, three alwayes fet to- SSK? ab °, Ut the c e ^ CS: are yellow and well fmelling alfo, made like other Tre- tu ne into lone crooteH “ l ong , f P lk . e3 . one above another, for an hand breadth long or better, which afterwards curnc into long crooked cods wherein is contained flat feede fomewhat browne. - .. .... . LMelilotw florealbo. White flowred Melilot. er-.-ne kaves fmdlfno It* f ° f w’ but ha J h more woodd y fta Ut cs t'^ng up higher, greater, and with finals t . r” ? unt ° the f otfuer,but weaker: the flowers likcwife grow in longer fpikes and more u n mbe , of a white colour and lcffer alfo, which turn* into fmall round heads and not crooked^ike the other: (he rRi.B.K.5* The Theater of‘Plants, Chap.xi^ 719 he roote is tough whitifh and (lender, pcrifhingufually after it hath given feede but rayfethit felfe agains of he fhcd feede, ? flowfitlg the next yeare after the fpringing ufnally or after the feeding. 3. Melilotw Italic a. Italian Melilot. | The Italia* Melilot hath feldome more then one ftalke riling from a roote which quickly groweth whitifh n d fomewhat wooddy, fet here and there with three leaves at a joynt which are much larger then the former, nd the end leafe larger then the other two, fomewhat unevenly waved or cut in on the edges, of a fenc almoit -is ftrong as the firft, yet lomcwhat more pleafant: at the toppes of the ftalkes ftand many flowers fpike fafhion, | ut of a more deepe yellow colour ,and fomewhat larger al lo then the firft which turne intaround whitifh heads greater then the laft, wherein ufually is but one feede conteined : theroote is fmall longand wooddy, pcrifhing Kv ery yearc,and feldome rifeth of the (lied feede, but muff be new fowen every fpring. I J 4. Afclilotw Syriaca. Affinan Melilot. The Afsirinn Melilot rifeth up with divers (lalkes about two foote high, fet with joynts, at every one of them three leaves fomewhat larger then the firft, but not fo large as the laft, and a little dented about the edges: the [lalkes branch forth toward the toppes,whereon ftand many pale yellow Sowers fet in order one above mother as in the former, which turne into fmall long and fomewhat flat cods, a little crooked or ben- Idingatthe end like an Hawkesbill, wherein the feede is conteined : theroote is wooddy and perifheth every ijyeare after it hath given feede : the whole plant as well flowers as leaves and feede did fmell very fweete at their Ifirft bringing into Europe, but by degrees grew every yeare weaker, fo that as it feemeth it hath not now neare lhalfefo good a fmell as formerly it bad: this kind as Venn faith is nfed in Italy in (lead of the true Melilot, where-, of they have fmall ftore growing with them. 5. c Melilotw zSEgyptiaca. ^/Egyptian Melilot. This fmall low Melilot rifeth up. with many flendcr weake ftalkes, rather lying or leaning downe to the ■ ground, then handing upright; whereon grow at the fcverall joynts thereof, two fmall grccne leaves, and [from the j'oynt likewile a fmall longftalke, bearing three fmall greene leaves at the end ;thc ftalkes branch forth j diverfly,having many fmall flowers (landing at the toppes of them fpike falhion like the reft.and of a deepe yel- 'low colour; after which come fmall cods a little crooked at the ends, wherein is conteined fmall round brow- j nifh leede,fmclling fomewhat like unto Melilot, and of a Stipticke and fomewhat bitter talk •• the roote is fmall | w ith fome fibres fet thereat. 6. Melilotw Hijpnnica foli/t maculatis. Spamjb Melilot. This Spanifb Melilot hath divers fmall branches little more then a foote high, at the /oyncs whereof ftand two fmall greene leaves, and likewife in the bofome thereof a fmall long looteftalke, bearing three fmall darke greene leaves at the end fomewhat round pointed, and having many white lines like veiries running through every one of them: the flowers are fmall, of a pale yellow colour,(landing at the toppes of the branches, like the other but fmaller,the roote is fmall and ftringy ; this hath a fmall iweete lent fomewhat like unto a Me¬ lilot, which hath caufed it to be referred to that tribe or family. 1 . 2 . tMclilotusvulgArir vel flore alio. The common yelloW or white flowre d Melilot. 3. Melilotu? italic*, llatien Melilot. 720 ChAP.II^, Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum . 4. Melilotus Syriaca odor a. Sweecc Jjjirian Meliiot. T r 1 b 1,5, 7. Melilotw India Orient alia. Eaft Indian Meliiot. The Eaft Indian Meliiot is a fmall low plant fcarfe nfing above halfe a footc high, with fmall’ (lender brownifh (hikes bcfet in fcvcrall places with very (mail grecne leaves, three alvvayes growing together like the relt, little or nothing dented about the edgesthe toppes of the (hikes being not bran¬ ched at all, are fumifhed with many very fmall flowers,of a deepc yellow colour; after which come fmall round heads, fomewhat like unto the Italian Meliiot, before fpoken of, wherein is concerned fmall brownilh blacke feede,which hath a ftrong fmell of Meliiot, which the other forts of Meliiot have not, che herbe and flowers hereof having but a very fmall or no fent thereof; the roote is fmall and periflieth every yeare.and mall be new fowen in the Spring every yeare that you will fee it. 7 he Place. The firft as I laid is found in many places of this land plentifully, as in the edge of Suffolke, an din EJfex in divers places, as alio in Huntington fhire and in other places more fparingly, but moll ufually either in cornc fields, or in corners of Medowes.and in worfe places fometimes. The fecond groweeh not in any place of this Land naturally but is very frequent in Germany and is onely nurled up in Gar¬ dens with us: The third came to 11s from Italy , and by that Italian name wee hold it dill: The fourth is faidby Pena mi, Label to come firft from Aleppo i n Syria to Venice ; where being fowen it was found to be of an excellent fmell, as I faid before, but de¬ generated fucceflively by degrees : The fift Procter Alpimu faith is peculiar onely to Egypt,where they ufe do other fort of Meliiot, as not having any others growing with them : The fixt Banbinut faith - was found on the Mountaines of Laffile in wear nlcnn, u. 1 01 , , - , vers other flange leedes by that name,and therefore wee mull in,,-' 3 ^ at !j ^. eene ^ ent u j. fr° m anjiongdi- from the Eallerne parts of Afia major, which ulually wee calkhe blbhtdies. “ ^ dlf P rove ^ tlli « they came . The Time . They doe all flower in the Sommer Moneths of lune and Jarfcand their feede is ripe quickly after It is called m Grecke quad Mellita lotus qj Totu* r r iy it was called SertuU Campana, beczale tbeflowe’rslrowine ™X DddX'r H ° ney ' In anc,cnt ‘ into Garlands,and Corona reoia. becaufc the vellow flnu;rrc £ beldsof Campania wereufed to bee put have called it 7 "r if ahum ^mwe have another pardet^Trefoilr 6 ^ t0PPeS ^ you heard in the former Chapter. Some alfo callfcST" ** that " ame - a! forhorfes, wherein they delight and thrive well with it • i nEw/ift ; htcaufe it is good paflnre chiefell of all other three leafed grades, generally called Qafe^n ^ generally K.ngs Claver as the name to be the more eafily underflood, yet in fome places they cafl it HarJ § r l^’ andMc J l10 'L after the Latine Stagges and Deere refort,they will greedily feede thereon And %£ c “ e lf 11 § row where btcaufe as they thmke the feede thereof happening into their bread th n e y ca,llt Hartwoit, which they ufually call cheHeartburne or mines Sfrhe heart The fiwT ; f » Ft‘ neS n tbc , ftoHlac[(e a " d theft, theGreeke name; the old Latine name of Sena or SertuU Came* ‘ s “ 1,cd ty ^oft Authors tJMel'Umu aftet major vulgaris jCamerariiu ‘Dedanam and Label a\\ it Mel,lotm C ”‘’’ bcins °fi^Hi;Tr a gm callethit Mehhtta ratZ.Mat,lnolu,,B»ra»,es\nd 7>,yMU ^ and altera. The fecond is fcarfe mentioned butLderX other YT’ntU "Y ZZr and of Dalechampim Lotus fyhefirU /lore a/bo The third r * • 1SCa 1I e< ? ^ Tragus Melilotus major Candida ltalicafollicttlisfitbrotitnAie, The Sth f : calied T b h y r—XTf YmiYY ^ likely to be Serapio his Meliiot: Fufchius Gefner/Dodonaus an d f 4 ltlotl . who faith it is moH we have another more uuejprcies, called Melilotw Italicahere fet A° ’ ™ al(e K ^ht^Mchlbm Italica, but you heard before called it Mehlotm Syr.aca ado, a and rC hX?i > d c the nCXt before this - and ufed in Italy for the true Meliiot, and thereforecalled MelZl nj™ f lt W as f a »h it was much major. The fift ytrofper Alpinttt faith is called in Enpt Alchim / fc If*' calleth it cormeuli, reflex^ refiexU mm ° r - Thc fixt Banbinf /,onely giveth!he"nam^he^'^V Mc|l |ot they ufe. Bauhim i The Iaft hath hts name in his title as it hath beene fent to l ffi "Sd d^S'* 8 ■'‘ Y out u oi ^ fome controverfic among our later writers whir herhe n „,ul, 1 ld doth ( ' 111 eoutmue. There hath beern RIBE 5, The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 113* imer times almoft every country had afeverall Trcfoile with yellow flowers to be their t Mellilot. The A- Urn call it Alchilelmelich , and the Italians,'Spaniards , ,and French Melilate , the germane! Edlerftanklee, the tt'cb Groote Steenclayeren, and Ghemayne Melilot • and inSngliJb as I have faid before. The Venues. Diofcorides faith, itliath an aflringent or binding qualitie. Itmollifieth all hard tumours and inflam mations s at happen in the eyes or other parts of the body, as the (cate or fundament, and the privic parts of man or wo¬ rn being boyled in wine and laide to the place, and fometimes the yoalkc of a roafted egge, or the powder Feniereekc or Linieede, or fine flower, or Poppie feede, or Endive is.added onto it. It healeth thofe impo- Lpes that are frelhjbeing applied with terrafyi/lata and wine, and the fpreading ulcers alfo in the head,being Rallied witha lye made thereof.lt eafeth the paines of the ftomacke, applied either freih, or boyled With any her of the aforenamed things. It helpeth alfo the paines of the eares being dropped into them, and deeped in ginegar or Rofewater it mitigateth the headach : Thus faith Diefcoridfs. Galen faith in his fixth Booke of fim- L Medecines, that Melilot is of a mixt qualitie, for it hath a little aflringent faculue in it, and yet it doth digeft; ,r the warming or hot qualitie is more abundant therein thenthe cold. The Arabian Phyfitians doe appoint the :>ds and feede, to be ufed in medicines, and make no mention of flowers. T h e Greeks contrariwile doewill lie flowers onely to be ufed, and never make ufe of feede or codds; and therefore as eJMauhidm faith, it isno ronder that the compound plaifter of Mellilot, which the Apothecaries make, not having any ofthemeale of he feede ofthe true Melilot therein, doth not worke that cffeifl that the Phyfitians doc expeft, for this cam- round plaifter is appointed to be ufed, to diffolve hardnefle, windineffe, tumours and dwellings, both ofthe nleene, liver and belly, as alfo mightily to cafe the paine of them all, andtoheale the Hypochondria, or fore ;art ofthe belly, about the fhortribbes, when it is ftretched or crackt by the dwelling thereof; but there is anc - her plaifter called Mellilot,which is much ufed,to draw and heale all fores and wounds that neede cleanfing.and 1; made ofthe juice ofthe greene young Mellilot,boyled with Roffen, Waxe.Sheepe tallow,and fome Turpentine, ivhich if it be well made, will be almoft as’greene as the herhe it felfe, and fmell very ftrong thereof, although |t be two or three yeares old. The flowers of Mellilot aud Camomill are much ufed to be put together into Idyfters that are given to expell winde, & to cafe paines,as alfo into pultofcs that are made for the lame purpofe, lind to affwage dwellings or tumors that happen either in the fplcene or other parts, bythemollifyingordif- tufling qualities that are in if. It helpeth alfo inflammations whether in the eyes or face, or other parts of the j) 0 dy. The juyee dropped into the eyes is a Angular good medicine to take away any filme or skinne from them, that groweth as a cloud to dimme the cyefight. It is effeftuall to be applied to thofe that have fodainely loft their [fenfes by any paroxifme, as alfo to ftrengthen the memorie, to comfort the head and braines, and to preferve them from paines, and the feare of the Apoplexie.if the head be often waflied, with the diftilled water of the herhe and flowers, or a lye made therewith. The water alfo diftilled ferveth as a perfume, to walh courfe gloves or other things. The flowers and herbe of the white flowred Mellilot, fteeped in oy le Olive, and fet into the Sunne todigeft for fame time, and after being boyled in a Balneo of hot water, and drained forth, and other frefh flowers and berbes being put thereto, and Sunned, as before and drained, and fo ufed at the fecond or third time, is accounted amoft foveraine Balme, both for greene wounds and old fores, for fwellings, inflammations, erampe. ,convulfions,paines,or aches whatfoever in any part of the body .whether it be in any flelhy or mufculous part, or among the finewes and veines. The Italian Melilot, is as efteduall as any of the other, and by fome ac¬ counted to be of more efficacie and vertue. The Egyptian Melilot, as Alpinns laith, the feede thereof onely is ufed by them, being boyled, and the places greeved, fomented and bathed with the warmc decoflion againft paines ofthe (ides, the Pleurifie and Peripneumonia, as alfo the paines of the collicke and winde in the belly, the windineffe or ftrangling of the mother, or any griefes thereof to fit in the deco&ion thereof; and if Fenegreeke ; and Linefeede, and Camomill flowers be added thereto, it helpeth all tumors or hard fwellings thereof, and doth helpe to provoke the monethly courfes, and to open the obftruftions ofthe veines, and afterwarwards to ftrengthen the parts. The Indian Mellilot, if wee would ufe the feede, which as I faid before fmcilethftrongcr than the reft of the plant, hath no doubt the fame qualitie that the former have, the fmell and tafte perfwading plainely thereunto. Divers other herbes thereare that might be referred to this Claffis, fome whereof are fet forth in my former Booke, and fome you fhall finde fpecified as well in the precedent as fubfequent Chapters of this Worke, which you may oblerve in the Vcrtues as you reads them. q PLZJffTJE 722 Chap. i. Tribe6. ? # w % I PLA NTAE REFRIGERANTES' ET INT VB ACE£ COOLING AND SVCCORY LIKE HER.BES. CLASSIS SEXTA, THE SI XT T%1BE, CHAP. I. Tortulaca , Purflane. NTO the cooling Herbeslctmc, I pray adjoyr.e the Intubacc* or Ckhoreacia whereunto they may more fitly in my mindebe added, then to any other, not with- ftanding the bitrernefle in Pome that argues fomt heate. I have fct forth the Garden Purflane in my former Workc, there remaine fome o- ther to be lpoken of here, and firft of the wilde Purflane. i. PortnUca fylveflris, Wilde Purflane. The Wilde Purflane fpreadeth upon the ground lappie reddifli flalkes fet with thicke fat fliining grecnc leaves like in all things unto the garden kmae but fmallcr at the joynts, with the leaves toward the end oEthe branches, come forth very Email ftarre-like ycllowilh greene flowers fcarfe to be dilcerned, and as quickly falling a- way as the Garden kinde, and hath fuch like hard huskes wherein the like blacke feede is contained : the rootcs are threedcs, and perifli with the firft cold nights that come .* this is fomewhat moreaftringentin -tafte ( as for the moft part all wilde herbesarc) then the Garden kinde. 2. PornfLica cx'gna Camerarij. C-merariw his Email Purflane. This fmall Purflane alfo is like the other, but much Emallerthen it, having alwayes two leaves Eet together, of a paler ycllowifh greene colour on the thicke round flalkes and branches which (land a little more upright and bend downe to the ground againe : the flowers are like the Eormer, and Eois the blacke Eecde, but the buskes open themEclves before the Eeede is ripe, and fland uponfmaller and longer footeftalkes, this hath little or no tafle but waterifhor herby. 5. Tortttiaca Cretica, Candy Purflane. TheCWrPurflanef which in my judgement might rather he referred to the kindred ofche fmall Houfeleekes, as CamerarhttyColHmna and Baahinm doe, but that, I would keepe the name whereby it was lent, for his fake that fenr ir ) E a very Email low berbe nor paft two or three i nches high, having many fmall heads of leaves (landing round together,fomewhat like the head of a fmall Houleleekc, but each leafe fet further in funder and not do¬ ling which are very fmall at the bottomc, and fodainely grow broad and round at the point, yet fo fmall as no leafe is bigger than the naile ofones little finger, and of a pale greene colour, which fo abide for the moft pare the firft Winter after the fpringing tip, if the extremitie thereof doe not utterly rot it: in the Sommer follow¬ ing ir (hooteth forth into branches with fome what longer leaves on them, and at the upper j’oynts and toppes fland divers (mall whitifli flowers, and after them appearc long pods a little crooked or bending upwards fee together in forme of a ftarre, wherein is very fmall blackifn feede contained ; the roote is fmall and fibrous, and perifhetb after feede time. The Place. The fitfl groweth in Vineyards, Orchards, Gardens, and other rockic and ftony places alfo where it isfo apt to abide from it owne lowing, that it will hardly be rid out againe : the fecor.d ( cmtraritis faith in hcrto UUe- dico , that he firft befoie any other found it about Lipfwicke : the laft was fent me from Hieronymw Winghe, a Canon of Tournaj in Flanders } who it is likely,either received it himfelfe or lome other friend that gave it him from Candy. The Time. The two firft doe abide all the Summer, from the Spring that they rife, which yet is late, untill the cold nights doe nippe them, and caufe them to perifh ■ the third, as I laid before, abideth the firft W inter of it be not tco vio¬ lent, and feedeth the next Summer after the fpringing. The The Thames'. It is called by D iofcorides in Greekc **&s*x 9 * t^ndrachne, and.by Tbeophraftus *y lightening, or planets, and for burnings by Gunpowder, or other wife, as alfo for womens Fore breafts,uponi, ~ Rgq* ' 724. ChaPo 2, Tbeatrum ‘Bctanicum. T r i b e 6. the like hot caufes,and to allay the heate in all other fores or hurcssic is faid alfo to flay the fpreading of venemolis HI ferpentsbitings, and to draw forth the poyfonjapplyed alfo to the Navell of children that fticke forth it helpethi them, it is alfo good for fore mouthes and for fore gums when they arc fwollen,to fatten loofeteech, and to take < away their paine when they arc fee on edge by eating fower things : Camerariw faith that the diftillcd waters] ufed by fome tookc away the paine of their teeth when all other remedies failed, and that the thickened juice made in pilles with the powder of gum Tragic anth and Arabeck_ , and taken prevailed much to helpe thofe that 1 i made a blooddy water : applyed to the Goute it cafcth the paines thereof,and helpeth the hardnefle of fineWjes, »: if it bee notcanfed by thecrampe or in a cold caufe. The wilde Purflaneis ufed as familiarly in fallcts and ti meates in many parts beyond the Seas where it groweth plentifully, as the Garden kinde, and theyfinde it no : Ieffe efFc&uall a remedy for moft of the difeaics aforefaid, onely it cooleth not fo ftrongly, but is more aftringenc 1 and drying for fluxes and the like. Chap. II. ‘portalac* marina. Sea Purflane. |He Sea Purflanc might be entreated of with the other Sea plants in the proper place, but that I thiiikc T it not mecte to fever it from the other going before, and hereunto for the ncare likenefie and refem- Jblancc to joyne two other forts of Halimw, which may be called Sea Purflanes as well but growing in fa hotter climate. 1. < Pbrt*laca marina noftr at . Sea Purflane of our countrey. The Sea Purflane hath divers hoary and grayilh purple ftalkes fomewhat wooddy, rifingfrom the roote about: a footc or more long,lying for the moft part upon the ground, bearing thereon many fmall thicke fat and long leaves of a whitifii greenc colour fet without order, at fomej’oynts more and at lome lefle, branching forth here and there,and bearing at the toppes many long fprigges or fpiked ftalkes, let round about with grecnifh purple flowers,which tame into whitifh flat thinne feedes like unto thofe of the Sea Arrache , the roote is fome¬ what wooddy, with divers long firings j’oyncd thereto and abideth with the leaves on the branches all the Winter. 3, Halimw latifolitu five Portulaea marina incana major. The greater outlandifh or hoary Sea Purflane. This hoary Sea Purflanc l'endeth forth divers thicke and wooddy hoary & brittle ftalks,fourc or five foot high, whereon are fet many thicke leaves,without any order fomewhat ftiort Sc broad,fo hoary white that they almoft glifter: the flowers grow at the tops of the ftalkes on divers long fprigges, being moflic like the Olive bloflome, but of a purplifti colour; after which come broad and flat whitiflifcede like unto thofe of Aracbe: the roote is long hard and wooddy enduring many yeares in tho naturall places, but muft bee fomewhat defended in the Portulaea marina. Sea Furflaine, t Halimui latifoltus jive Portulaea marina incana major . Thegreatcr ouclandifli or hoary Tea Purflane. Tribe 6. I'heTheaterof Tlants, Chap. 2. 725 Winter with us if you will have it preferved, yet bringeth not forth the leaves fo hoary white with us. 5 . Halimm tenuifelimpve Portulaca marina incana minor. The leffer outlandifh or hoary Sea Purflanc, Thisother hoary Sea Purflane hath very (lender, weake, and fomewhat hoary halites about two foote longs 1 fcarlc able to hand upright, but for the mod part fall downc and lye upon the ground, the leaves that grow on :h:m being fet in the fame manner, that is without order, are narrower, longerand not fo hoary whitethe', dowers are like the former,but of a more greenifh colour growing atthetoppes of the (lalkes, and afterwards 1 yeeld fuch like feede as the former, but fomewhat leffc : roote is wooddy and endureth like the other. 4 * Halimus minor Cjermanicm. The Idler lea Purllane of Germany. This hath a (mall hoary llalke an handfull high,riling from a fmall threddy roote leaning divers wayes, brrr.eh- 1 jng forth a little above the roote, fet with fmall and fomewhat round leaves, and thofe up higher with a gafh on each fide, of an afh colour, the flowers are fmall greenifh and moffie, yet yellow within, fet on fon» ftalkcs- lafter which come fquare huskes with fmall gray feede like unto kidneys in them. The Tlace. iThe firff groweth in the fait marfhesofthe Sea coafts of our owneland,in Kent and many other placcsithe fecond Clupm faith he found about Lifibone in Pertingall, and the third as well in the kingdame of Valentin in Spain? ■as not farre from Mompelier and CWarfelles in France, and in the upland places about Tholoufc as Lugdunenps j’laith, if his Halimm be this as you (hall heare by and by, the laid about Nerthufa in Cjermanp. The Time. They flower in I«/y and their feede is ripe in tefugup. The Names. I Diofcorides,Galen and Theophraftm call it in ffirceke A'ju/a©- Halimm with an afpiration.becaufe it is a fea plant and tafleth fomewhat faltifh, whom Pliny followcth and yet faith, a ccrtaine herbe ufed to be eaten is fo called alfo, as though it were differing from Halimm which as Diofcorides and Galen fay is uied ro bee eaten Solinus and others call ic A'aij*©- cAHmos without an afpiration,and fay the name was taken from the effecfl it worketh whicb is to expell hunger, for faith Solium, the people in Candy fay that that day they eate thereof they fhall not be hungry, if you will beleeve them. Divers hetbes have beene taken for Halimm by divers writers, as the Atrip/ex marina by divers, the Liguflrttm or Privet by Lacuna, and Pcriclymcmm rettum, upright Wood- binebyTf*?*/. Lugdunenpr fetteth forth a plantby the name of Halimm vera Da/echampij, the "title Ha limm of Diofcorides, and faith it better agrecth thereto then thole of Clupm , or any other, to whom Clufim fcarfe giveth credic, in that hee faith heefheweth the fru t thereof to bee like unto Kites, whom S«Bfo'»Bjfolloweth,and faith that he knew not what plant it fhould be, but reading the place in Lugdunenfir I finde Clupm to be much miftaken.for in the defeription thereof he fetteth downc thefe words Semen produc'd U, tum.randicansfinfummis ramit copiofum, which broad white feede can no wayes agree with Rites. And for Lu?Ju- nenps to make k a different plant from Clupm his fecond Halimm whereunto himfelfe faith it is like.I fee nofoch great caufe.more then th itit grew in the upland countries, and that his figure fheweth the leaves to grow ma¬ ny cluftcring together at a j'oynt. I have you fee fet the Portu/aca marina with the Halimm ; f 0 r in my judgement it differech not fo much from it,neither in forme of leaves or feede,which Is (with me) a chi’efe note of agreement or difference, nor yet in place,but that ic may very well be accounted the Halimm ot our countrey, and other thefe Northerne parts, the climates chiefly making the diftinftion if any be, and hereunto lam the more indu¬ ced becaufe Matthiolm his firff Portulaca,mi Clupm his laft be by them called Halimm which Dodonem and Bau. hinm call Portulaca marina. Lobel and Pena atfirme that the difeription of Portulaca marina doth better a^ree with the Crithmum oi Diofcorides then the Faniculummarinttm doth ; firff for that the leaves of Crithmttm are fayd to be white which in Sampire are greene, next they are compared to Garden Purflane leaves but thicker longer,and broader, which cannot agiee to Sampire being fmall long and fomewhat round, and againe Crith¬ mum oCDiofcerides is faid to be of a cubits height, but Sampire is little above an handbreadch or twohigh, thefe things confidcred did put fome doubt in them and fome others fince whether our Sampire which is generally fuppofedtobetherightCwAOT«»>ofDiVycon(ifjbefoorno:biithereofI fhall enrreare more hereafter when I fhall fpeakeof Sampire in the Claflisof Sea Plants, Kuellim Lit. 1 .Cap. 8; . taketh that plant to be Halimm u ,j.h which the French in divers places make their hedges,and call ic 'Blanche putain, but he is therein much deceived that being Viburnum ; for I thinke he doth not make the Viorne to be it which yet they fo ca 1 alfo : Mattbiolm faith that the Arabians call Halimm Molochia, and that Scrapie fpeaking thereof, faith that in Baby ten it is carried by handfulls and cryed in the flreets, but I thinke cMatthiolm is herein deceived,for it is the true Oklotochia and not this herbe that Scrapie faith they cryed in the flreets : the laft is called Halimm minor in his Pinax and 'Pro. dromns. The Italians as Matthiolm and Lugdunenfu fay call ic Bidene, and Clupus faith the Spaniards call ir Ma- rifma, and the Pertugalls Sa/guideirai, and the French efpecially about Tholoufe V herbe du Mafctonfdep , Herb a Celica, the Collicke herbe for the properties lake: we call it Sea Purflanc, as theDutchdoc fo like wife. ’ T he f Uertues % The Halimm or Portulaca marina (for as their formes fo their properties are alike) is ufed ro be eaten as other Sailer Herbes are in all the places of their growing, for talking fomewhat faltifh of the narurall fo) Ie, bciiw tranfplanted into other grounds, it much pleafeth the pallate,having a little aftringent rellilh withal!, whereby it is found as Galen faith to bee of different qualites, as well temperately hot fufficient to diifolve winde in the lower belly and guts, and the paines of the Collicke fpeedily, by drinking of the decoftion of the leaves in wine, or of the juice put into wine and being boyled and eaten with oyle or bntter, loofenech the body and yet by the aftringent qualitie doth ftrengthen the loofe or fluxible parts: the fame alfo helpeth thofe that arc trou¬ bled with Crampcs or are burden inwardly: it caufeth alfo plenty of milke, not oneiy to Nurfes for their chil¬ dren, but in Cattle alfo that feede thereon, or to whom it is given : it encreafeth alfo natural! feede : bur that which Diofcorides attributed! to the roote is found ftsffeient effeftuall in the leaves, cheroote in rhefr Have, being feldome ufed that I know. " * ' 1 ,Q.qq s ChaY,' 726 Chap. 3 Theatrum < Botanicum. 1 R I 8 £ 6. Chap. III. Tc/epbirtm five CrafifuU, Orpine. Here be divers herbes exhibited by divers anthers for the true Telepbmm of DioJiorUes ) fotne great; fomc lmali, fome tall feme low, fome of one fafhion.and fomc of another, and yet none doth tru- ly anfwer in all things the difeription thereof; but becaufe all or mod of them have given the name of Telepham to thefc herbes here expreffed ; letmecalfo if they have erted erre with them,: and yet I fhall fhew yon which of them commeth nearclt unto the truth or true Telephium. I. Telephium five Craffulamajor Hifipanica. The great Spariji, Orpine. The great Spartijp Orpine hath divers weake round fappie ffalkes rifing two foote high, whereon are let at di T dances two large and thicke broad leaves, very like unto the common Orpine, but much larger and browner of colour oftentimes, and fomewhat unevenly dented about the edges: at the toppes of the ftalkes (land tufts of flowers, larger and more fpread then in the ordinary fort, which confilt of five fmall whitifli leaves a peecc, af- 1 ter which come fmall chafiie huskes with feede like duft in them: the rootes are thick,white,and tuberous,biggct and longer then thofc of the ordinary Orpine which abide all the Winter with the greeneleavesen their ftalkes t that have not as yet flowted. _ . ... 2. TelephiumfiiveCrafifiula major vulgaris. Common Orpine, Common Orpine rifeth up with divers round brittle ftalkes, thicke let with flat and flefhy leaves without I any order, and little or nothing dented about the edges,lefler thenihe former, and of a paler greenc colour, , the flowers grow in lefl'er tufts, and are white or whitilh in all that ever I faw, which afterwards fcearc : fuch like feedes as the former: the rootes are divers,thicke,round, white, glandulous or tuberous clogges like the : aiims former but Ieffcr: This proveth fmaller in divers fields and woods (ides where it is found wilde. fplveftre. 7 clip'mm fiorihsu purpureis. Purple flowred Orpine, This Orpine differeth little from the laft in manner of growing, but that the ftalkes are more flexible and weake.and the leaves which (land without order are more finely dented about the edgcs,and the tufts of flowers at the toppes of the ftalkes are of a reddifh purple colour confifting of five fmall leaves a peece like the former, : the roote is alfo tuberous like the laft for the moll part. Minus This alfo is found fmaller in all the parts thereof not otherwife differing then in that the ftalkes with all the fiortpur- [ caves utterly perifh every yeare to the roote, which every yearc fendeth forth new branches. Pureo. ^ Telephium minus repens five Cepaa Patteij. Small creeping Orpine, This fmall creeping Orpine fendeth forth divers weake round ftalkes lying on the ground, and eafily taking roote againe as they lye, thicke fe: with thicke fat leaves very like unto Putflane.but fmaller and fmaller upwards, of a darke or ruftie greene colour, from among which rife bate or naked weake ftalkes, without any, or with 1 . Telephium five CraJTvla major Hifipunica. The great SpaniJJj Orpine. 3 , Telsphiutli fine Crajfula major vutraiis, CcsnmonOrpine, but R.IBE 6 . The Theater of Tlantu Chap. 3. 7 2 7 |, rekpUum y?orifcii parpwefco 3Par pic flowed Orpine# 4 . Telcfhiitm minut repznsfive Cepea Pantij* ± ' Small creeping Orpine, TelephimlegUiai'M JafittUl ' JaipfMtef of Napto his true Orpin?, but few leaves thereon, at tbetoppes thereof Hand fmall tufts of purplifh flowers like the other the routes hereof are not tuberous but ftrin^e, yet doe endure with the greenc leaves on them the greeted extrcmicie of Winter although it lofe tome of the lower leaves of the branches. . c. Telephitttn levitimum Imperati, Imperatw of Naples his true Orpine. "This fmall Tckvhium of Imperatm fpreadeth upon the ground,with many fmall and long trayhng bran- ches a foo?e or more long, whereof thofe that will notflower that yea,e have fmaller and iomewhat onger leaves on them, and;thickcr fet together, but thofe that will beare flower are fet fparfedly without order o the toppes, and are lcffer in forme, and lefle thicke and fappie then any of the other before, and of a lad blewiflfgreene colour: at thetoppes of the tlalkes Hand thicke clutters of white flowers of hje leaves a p ece and after them fmall cornered heads containing fmall browmfla feede, theroote is fmall and long of a hn r e length or two with divers branchesandfmallfibresabiding with fomc branches of grecne leaves thereon, al¬ though thofe that have flowted and feeded doe perifh. <5 Cepe* Matthioli. Mtttbioltu his fmall Orpine. , The fmall Orpinc T of Metthioliu hath a fmall’weake (hike fcarcea foote long lying aim oft upon the ground parted into fondry branches, and they againe into other fmaller ones, fee with fmall thicks long leaves with- Theatrum ‘Botanicum . 7 2 § Chap^, Trib k6. ouz any order, and fomewhat like unco Purflanc: at the toppes of the branches Hand many fmall white flowers in tufts, but more thinly orfparfedly fet then in the former, confiding of five leaves a pcece, after which comefmall heads like unto the Orpines containing (mall duftie feede, the rootc is long and fibrous fmelling fomewhat fweete like the Rofewort roote as Camerariw faith, and peril¬ ing every ycare, fo that if it rife not of the flaed feede (which ufually it doth ifitbc fuffered to fall) it mud bee nevy fowne every yeare. The TUce. The fiift C/xfitu faith hee found as well in Spaine as in Hungary upon the Alpes: the fecond of both forts, the greater and the lefler is frequent almoft in every country ofthis land,the greater being generally cheriflned in Gar- dens.butyetisas I take it the fame with the leffer fort, thatgrowethas I fayd in the fhadowie fides of fields and woods.: the third is often found in divers places of (ferma- *y, as Tragiu^CamerariHs ,Clnfiw and others fetdowne: the fourth was fent out of Italy by Alphonfus Pancius a wor¬ thy Herbarift and Phlfition of Ferrara ; the fixt came from TmpcratiM of Naples , from Cortufus and Jofe plow de Cafa bon*, of whom Clufwil aith he received the feede .* the laft is chiefdy nourfed up in the Gardens of thole that are lo¬ vers of rare plants,and was firfl communicated from Padoa, The Time. They doe all flower about I^ly, and their feede is ripe in Augufi. The Names. Thefe herbes are referred to the T«\sp/cp Telephium of ‘Diofcorides for the forme fake, and fo taken by divers writers although none of them are found to have that clen- fing facukie that Diofcorides and Galen attribute unto their Telephium : it tooke the name as it is thought from Telephut , the King of Mi fa whofe wounds received from Achilles , and growne almoft paft cure were healedherewith, and from hence the medicines appointed for fuch purpofes were called Telepbia. Thefirft is called Telephium Hifpanicum 0 f CInfos and others, and £>*/#/* major H Jpanica of Lobel and others :the fecond is called Scrophularia media vel tertia of Brnnfelftts, Tabaria, Faba erajfa and Faba inverfa by divers,and fo alfo by Lobel afoliorumfabs fmilitudine and Crafftudine, and Craf- ftili or CrajfuU major by divers alio, as well as by Diofcorides a foliornm crajjhie. Cor dm upon Diofcorides calleth it Acetabulum alterum and Column* taketh it to bee Cotyledon alterum of Diofcorides, Gefner in hortis Cjermania taketh it to be Anacampferos ^ and O^latthiolm ,Dedonswfilufus and divers others call it Telephium & vujgare, be- caufe it is mod common in all thefe partsithe third is called Scrophularta feu Portulaca major fry Tragus Telephium fhnbus purpurcis by Lobel mid others, Acetabulum alterum purpurcu by Fuch fus in his leones , and is the Telephium quintum of Clufius t who thinketh his not to differ from that of Lobel, notwithftanding that the rootes thereof be expreflhd without tubers : Csfalpinus calleth it Craffula montana, and Columna refilling it to be any Telephium faith it is a Ra punt i urn, and thereupon calleth it Rapuntium umbetlatum : the fourth is the Telephium fextumoF Chi fits who taketh it more nearely to refemble the true Telephium then any other, and called by him and Came- rarius al fo Cepsa Pancij , by Dcdonsus,Lobel and others Telephium minus ,and repens 3 and femper virens : wee ufu- ally call this in Englifh french Orpine : the fift is called by CInf us Camerarius and all others that have feeneor had it Telephium Imperati , and Telephium legitimism Imperati: the laft is called Cepsa by tJMatthiolus and by fome Cepsa marina, but generally by all that Gnce have written of it Cepsa Matthioli . The Italians call it Faba- graft, the French Orpin , Fevegrajfe, Feve efpaijfe, and of fome Reprife and Joubarbe desvignes,the Germans, tVur.dkraut,Du7tpenkraut 3 Fotz,wein^'(\dFotz,v?ang i the Dutch Schmersvortele and wee in Englifh Orpine, and of fome livelong becau fe a branch ofthegreene leaves hung up in any place will keepe the verdure a longtime, which made Tragus to judge it the Chry'focome oIDiofcorides or elfc an AUoon. TheVertues . The qualities of our Orpine are as I fayd before differing from the Telephium of Diofcorides, in that they are cooling as Purfl me is,c(pecially the leaves,for the roote is more enclining to heate, and by reafon of the muccila- ginefle therein it is fomewhat aftringent alfo, whereas the true Telephium as Diofcorides and Galen fay is fome¬ what hot,and of a clenfing drying qualitie, foth-tufed with Vinegar it taketh away the Morphew, Lepry, and all other deformities in theskinne, and is good alio for old foule Vlcers and fores to clenfe and healc them, thus fay Diofcorides and Galen of their Telephium , but divers have thought that the difference in qualitie may happen from the Climate as it doth in Arum which in fome places of A fa and Cilicia as Galen faith is not fharpe and bi¬ ting,as it is in thefe places of Greece , Italy and all Europe, and as it is found alfo in the lefler Celandine, which as they fay is fharpe in fome places but is not lo found with us, Orpine is feldome ufed in inward Medecines with us, although Tragus faith from his countrey Germanes experience,that thediftilled water thereof is profitably taken of thole,that have any gnawings or excoriations in their ftomackc or bowells,or have Vlcers in their Lungs or Liver or other inward parts, as alfo in the matrix or mother, and doth helpe all thofe difeales, being drunke for ceruine dayes together, and that it ftayeth the (harpenefie of humors in the blooddy flux, as alfo Itayeth ether Tribe 6. The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 4. 727 ^hcrfluxes of bloud in the body or in the wounds: the roote thereof alfo performeth the fame effeft. It is ufed outwardly to coole any heate or inflammation upon any hurt or wound, and eafeth the paines of them, as alfo to heale foldings or burnings, the juyee thereof beaten with fome greenc fallet oyle and annointed, the leafe alfo bruifedand laid to any greenc wound in the hands or legg$s, doth heale them quickly, and as it is faid, being bound to the throate of them that hath the Quinfie, doth helpe it very much: it helpeth ruptures orburftings, and from thence, as Tragus faith,the Germans call it Bruch warts and Ktwhenkrtat. The leaves are much ufed to i make Garlands about Midibnuner with the come Marigold.flowers put upon firings to hangthemup iu their ,, houfes, upon bullies and May-pales, Hex.Tragus flieweth a (nperftitiouscourfe in his country,that fome ufeaftef iMidfommerdayispaft, to hang it up over their chamber doores, or upon the walles, which will be frefh and ; greene at'Chrillmas, and like the Aloe fpring and fhoote forth new leaves, with this perfwafion, chat they that , banned it up, (hall feele no difeafe fo long as that abidech greene. Chap. I y. RhediaJive Rhodia radix, Rofcv/orr, Ecaufe this plant is fo like unto an Orpine, both in leafe, flower, and manner of growing, I thinke it fit to j'oyne it next thereunto. Itfendeth forth divers [hikes which are upright, thicke round and greene, about a foote thicke fet with leaves up to the toppes, and are fomewhat long and nar¬ row .like unto thofe of Orpine, but fmaller,yet as fat or thic Ice, and of the li k c pale greene colour, dented about the edges: the flowers are many fmall and yellow, fet in a tuft or duller butfmal- ler than Orpine, witfTfeede in heads like unto it alfo: the roote is thicke and tuberous or knobbie at the head, Rhodia radix. Rofcwert. and branched out, riling oftentimes above the ground, whereas it groweth fomewhat reddifb, and is long downward, with divers fibres annexed unco it, which being a little broken or bruifed with it, is frefh, much more than when itisdrie lmel- leth like allofe, from whence it tooke chename. Some doe account that there is. an other fort hereof whole leaves are not d .need, and the flowers more pnrplifh than the other. The Place. It groweth in the North parts of England, and no where elfe ■wifde in our Land as I can heare of, as upon the mountaines of T’andle and Jngelhorougb, oftentimes on the very raggieft places and noli dangerous of them fcarcc acceflible and fo fteepe, that they may foone tumble downe that very warily doe not lookc their footing, from whence hath beene lent me fomerootes for my Garden- The Time . It flowreth about July , and the ftalkes and leaves perilheth to the ground fpringing every yeare anew from the toote, which abideth firme in all extremities of cold. The Names. It is called in Greek PuJiafifaRhodia radix, not from thelland Rhodes, but from the Rofe, as I faid, for the lent thereof; it hath no other name with^fH authors than Rhodia radix or Rofe a radix that I know. The Venues. It is found by good experience to be cold and not hot, as fome have taken it to be, and as Galen placeth it almoft in the third degree of heate : for even as red Rofes, fo this by thecoldneffe is profitable to affwage thebeadeach, arifing from an hotcaufc, and both Uiofcorides and Galen appoint it for paines in the head, the juyee thereof with a little Rolewater applied to the fore¬ head and temples v/hich (jerard vindicated^ to his owns in¬ vention. Chap. V. Aswan Sedtimjive Sempcrvivnm majiu. The greater Houfcleeke. Here are fo many forts of Houfeleekcs properly and unproperly fo called both great and fmall, with S® If® whole or with divided leaves, fome cooling and others heating or exulcerating, that without fome methodicall divifion,I can neither expreffe them conveniently, nor yon apprehend tnemeffcAu- ally; which that I may do, I will digeft them into five Rankes and orders, that is to fay, of all the great ones in this Chapter, and ofthe fmaller ones in the feVerall Chapters following, which becaufe they are of much varietie, I mufc intreate of thofe that grow upon muddie ftonc walles or houfes, and upon drie fandie bankes and places in the next: thirdly, of thefe that grow upon rockesandmonntainesorin flony places, and fourthly, of fuch as beare divided leaves, andlaftly, co accomplifh the hiftory of all the forts of Houfeleekes, Ifhouldfec forth 73° Chap. 5, Tbeatrum c Botanicum, Trie e 6. 1. ScdumtMajM legitimtm. The true great Houfeleeke. The true great Houfelcekegroweth great to the forme of a fnrubhe orwoddy plant,' of the heieht of three foote or more fomctunesm the nnurali places which are the warme countries, whofe S- or V™ ° ?*' below is of the b.gnefle of foure hngers, and the other branches ofones thumme, of a grayifh colcmo„ e ' fide (potted as it were round about, bnt they are the markes of-the old leaves that are fallen the 1° c 0Ut ' may be feme in the Ifalke of the Wood Spurge, f Dreading limber (mailer branches on all (ides’, and leaves a^h ends ofthem, (landing m a compaffc like the heade, of common houfeleeke but nothing fo do e every ' me J feme what: like a tongue, fmall at the bottome and broader toward the end where it is broadeft firti l° r ' ted about the edges, and as it were a little hollow like a Spoone, thicke and full of juice and of a mb- V colour from the toppes of fome of the branches thrulleth forth a long (hike divided into many twigges*^5 fome few mall leaves on them, and at the ends of them divers (farrelike flowers, confining of manT fSw? of a pale yellowilh colour, with fundry fmall threeds in the middle of them, the greater ftalke becommin d - andlmooth as the heads, with fmall blackefeede in them, grow ripe and utterly perifhing after feedetime ■ hr the other heads of greene lea ves abide frefh all the yeare, which (end for the flowers the next ,’ycare P aikr ' an 4 may be taken before hand from the maincftocke co be planted, and will take roote being out inrn ,1, ’ n . d AUttUtolm hath let forth the figure hereofin another manner with more Acre of branded leaves C the fame plant growing peradventurem a warmer and more temperate climate. ’ Cltls . -i. Scdummaya marinum Anglicum. Great fea Houfeleeke. Thiskind of Houlelcekeislike theformer whofeftemme is wooddy. but neither fohiph mr igstsszz** ***«a- 3. Siduntmajm vulgtrc. Our common great Houfeleeke. Our common Hou leleckc fendeth forch on all (ides divers heads of pale greene thicke far hrnad ip-,,,.. „ ■ 4 at the ends, lying circlewile one clofe unto another upon the ground from the middle of fome of rhfhrT F eaves, r.feth up a ftreight fta ke two foote high, all coveted with (mailer and ledgerTrceneTavethan thofe bf low, which often drie and fall awaybefore the toppe thereof hath perfired the 'Holers whkh grow on loro T , ■ tt , 4 ; S ‘ dum m “ ]l 1 ^ w. An other fmaller Houfeleeke like the common. This Houfeleeke gr oweth in like manner as the common doth, with fuch heads of thicke andhWnrtJ 1 compaffing one another, but they are dented a little about the edges, and are much fmallet than thTy. ftanding i. Scdum majtit legit’mum. The true greac Hoafdeekc, 2 . Sedum mjus Marinum Angltcuml Great Engdjh fea Houfeleeke, upon 732 Chap.2, Tbeatrum Botanicum. T R I B E 6. i •dlterum upon longer flakes that thruft out trom the roote : from the middle of the greateft and elded head, fhootethntv a <* a ' k e fcarci: a foo:c h >g h » ftc with fmall leaves like the other, bearing flowers in the lame manner bur, J*,dcnia- larger, and confiding of fixe leaves, onely of a white colour, after which come fixe cornered heads, containing fmallblackilh feede : the roote is fmall and like the other, yet a little thicker. Clttfmi maketh mention of sn flor'pm-. otherfort: hereof > with Ieffer leaves and more dented in on the edges in little elfe differing. There is of this purco t do- an other alike in all ^things, faving the flowers which are of a brighter red colour than the common fori 5. Sedttm rttbrum tomentofum , Netted or Woolly Houfeleeke. This rare Houfeleeke in the Autume and Winter hath the hoary or afh coloured heads of leaves fmooth' plame, and open, like unto the ordinary fort, but when the Spring commeth on, it groweth overfprc’ad with* number of hoary or woolly threades like unto a net, that it draweth the leaves together, and fheweth divers formes, as triangles,qua dranglcs.quinquangles, & fexangles.the leaves themfelves being fmaller and longer than the ordinary fort but thicke and flefhic : in Summer when the llalkerifeth to be halfe a foote high, they grow pointed up Pyramisfafhion, thicke covered with that woollineffe : upon the flalkearc let many fmaller and narrower leaves up to the toppe, which parteth into two, bearing on each fundry large fpread flowers of a deepc red Role colour, ending in tenne points, as if they were fo many leaves, but before they open to be like a (latte, are plaited into ten plaitcs, each plait or fould being of a deeper colour, having twenty threads in the mid¬ dle tipt with yellow, (landing about the middle umbone which bccommeth the feede veffell, and each flower fet in a paler hairy httske pointed alfo : the roote is very (mall and thready, yet thrufleth it felfe into the chinkes of therockie andflony places, where fcarce any earth is to befound. 6 . Sedummajus anguftifolium. Great narrow leafed Houfeleeke This kindc of Houfeleeke hath fundry circles of leaves fomewhat like the former fort, but the leaves are nar¬ rower and longer, and a little rough or hairy vvithall; the ftalke that rileth from fome of the heads is brownifh and about a cubit high, (ct thicke with narrower and red pointed, fat thicke undented leaves up to the toppe* where it brancheth forth into fome few, bearing each a flower of tenne or twelve long and narrow leaves’ laid open like a ftarre, of a reddifh purple colour; the feede that followeth in fo many fmall heads, as there were leaves in the flowers, is as (mail almoft as dull: the roote is realonable thicke, with divers firings faftened thereto. 7, VermlcuUrii arborefeens. Tree Houfeleeke with (mail leaves. This kinde of Houfeleeke or Prickemadam, rifeth up to be five or fixe foote high, as I have obferved it when it groweth in Gardens, plentifully flored with branches Irom the bottome to the toppe, and fet thicke with (mall long and round greene leaves without any tafie, very like to thofe of the fmall Houfeleeke called Stonecroppe or Prickemadame, (although Lobcl, aslthinkc faith it hath a faltifh tafie) but Ieffer and greener, the flowers grow at the toppes of the branches, fmaller than in the next that followeth, and of a pale yellowifh colour: the motes are long wooddy and fpreading in the ground: the branches hereof flipped and put into the ground will quickly take roote and grow. 8. VermicularUfruticefa alter*. Shrubby Prickemadam. This other fhrubby plant groweth nothing fo high as the former, not being above a foote high full of branches covered with an afh coloured barke, as limber and pliant as it, the leaves hereof are fomewhat greater and lar¬ ger than the other, of a more faltifh tafie, and of a darker greene colour: the flowers at the toppes of the bran" ches are larger, but fewer, and of a yellowifh colour, the roote is hard and wooddy. The Place. The firfi groweth in Greece, Italy, Portugall.Spaine, Illyria or Slavey, and fome of the Ides inch eCWe- diterranian fea. as Sadly, Sardinia, Ccrjlca, &c. where it groweth naturally, but in divers places of Italy ’Porta, gall and Spainc, it is kept, as Clafim faith,in pots.and carefully preferred in the Winter,& in Lijhbone as he (aith upon the houfes as our common Houlclceke, but will not endure the coidol thele more Northren countries of Europe, with all the care that may be without a ftove, (uch as they ufe in Germany and other places more Nor therly; yet Lebel faith, he found it in the Hand of Holmes by Brifiow : the (econd groweth by the fea fide in ma¬ ny places of this hand, and in the lie of Holme, rlot farre from Bnftore : the third ?roweth naturally on divers hills in Germany, but with us onely where it is planted upon houle Tides,&c.and that in day efpecially, for there¬ in it will belt thrive. The fourth, Clafim latch, he found very common on the hills neare Vienna in Autlria \ the fife Columna found in Naples : the fixe Clstfim faith, he found on the Alpes neare Saltzburg in Germany, the two Iaff groweth by the fea fide,and further offlikewife where the laft will tafie brackifh as well as neare the fea fide The Time. The firfi flowreth in Portugal!, as Clufitu faith, in November an d December, but never with us: the fecond flowreth by the fea fide in Angufl : the third, fourth, and fixch, in Uly ; the fift in May - and the two laft forts very lace alio. The Names, It is 'called in Greeke A’"?** •»' ulyt,Aizoon magnum or majus, 0 f the ever living and greeneneffe thereof, and therefore Gaza tranflateth it out of Theephrajfas Sempervivum, which is the lame in fignification ; it hath likewife divers other names, for as Pliny faith, it was called Buphthalmitm Zoophtha/mum, and Steigethrov, and Hjpoee- fori) fome called it alfo,as he (aith, Oculm and Digiuliw. it is called by Apuleim, yitalU, and lev is barb/, Eat ufually, Sedummajus ; the Arabians csWv.'Be'yahalalemtni Haialhalez-, the Italians Semperv,vo maooiore-the Spa¬ niards Semprevivaherba punlera-, the French Grande Joubarbe ; the Germans Hanfwurtz and D onderbaer ■ the Dutch Dmderbacrt and Huiflook^ we in Snglifi generally Houfeleeke ; vet fome call it Stngrcene, dgreene, and (omc Iupittrs Eye. Bullocks eye, and Iupiters beard. C/ufmmd others doe certainely affirme, thatouror- inary great Houlelecke is the Cotyledon altera of Diofcorides .andnoonecan disprove their judgements therein,' The firft is the tme Aizmn magnum of Diefierides land others, and there is no doubt made'thereof by any. CMattbioliu and others call it Sempervivrtm arborefeens, and Sedum arborefeens and Aizoon arborefeens : (fliifiiu. cal lech it Sednm majus legitimum : the fecond Lobel maketh a kinde thereof, and callcth it Sedum Port, land; cum : the third is moll common with us, and is generally called Sedum majtu , and Sempsrvi- vnmmajtu vulgare, which as I faid, Clufitu callcth Cotyledon ultra Ttiofcoride ,• fome alfo call it Acetabn. Inm 1 Chap, Tribe 6 . The Theater of Tlants. 7 - 733 lam mains which peradventure is more proper to the firfl fort, and Angmlara, Vmbilici veneris Jpccies altera. Cafalpbtw Cajjia hgnee fmilufititex tertirn, who alfo thought it to be the Sclago 0 t Pliny, Label faith it may be ebamapeace of that is, ,Picea bumilis ; but ScUgo was called Camphorata by the learned of Mempelier from the fmell of Camfyre, which the leaves being bruifed give, but this hath no (uch fmell, and therefore I thinke cannot be the Selago of PA»/, which is a different plant from this whereof I have fpoken before, but it is pro¬ bable that this plant is that which Bauhintu calleth S edum montmum Sricoides as he faith hinafelfe; the laft Label calleth Solum minimum arborefeens vermiculatitm.Bauhintis maketh fame doubt whether it might not be the Po¬ lygonum mafcnlumfruticefum of Thalim, who faith he never faw the flowers,but faith ic is not‘the Po/igonum al- tcrum Scrpitlifolium Angler urn ^ meaning Label and Pena, foriohee calleth them, becaufe their Adverfaria\ips printed in England. TbeVermeK Gur ordinary Houfeleeke is cold in the third degree, moderately drying and binding, and is good for all in¬ ward heats as well as outward, and in the eyes or other parts of the body : a Poflit made with the'juice of Houfe¬ leeke is Angular good in all hot agues, for it cooleth and temperateth the blood and fpirits, and quencheth the third, and is alfo good to flay all hot defluxions of (harpe and fait rheutr.c into the eyes, the /nice being dropped intothem, or into theeareshelpe them, it helpeth alfo all other fluxes of humors into tkebowells, and the im¬ moderate courfes of women s it is fayd alfo to kill the wormes, and to remedy the biting of the Pbalanginm Spi¬ der : ir cooleth and reftraynech alfo allother hot inflammations. Saint Anthonies lire, and all other hot eruptions in the flefh, lealdings alfo and burnings, the lhingles, fretting ulcers, cankers, tetters, ringwormes and the like, and eafeth much the paine of the goute,proceeding of an hot caufe : the juice alfo taketh away warts and cornes’ in the hands or feetebejng often bathed there with, and the skmneofthe leaves being iaydon them afterwards: it eafeth alfo the headach.and diftempered heate of the braine in frenfyes or through want of fleep'e, being appli¬ ed to the temples and forehead: the leaves bruifed and layd upon the crowne or feame-of the head llayeth blee¬ ding at the nole very quickly. The diftilled water of the herbe is profitable for all the purpofes aforefaid : the leaves being gently rubbed on any place flung with Nettles or Bees,or bitten with any venemous creature doth prelently ta‘ke away the paine. Chap. VI. Aizoon Solum Jive Sempcrvivtm minus. Small Houfeleeke.' He nextranke of Houfeleeks that lam to entreateof,are of rjiofe fmaller forts that grow with us tile 1 where upon mudde and (lone walls, or on dry fandy bankes or places,&c. whereof fome are of a contrary qualitie,being hot,fharpe and exulcerating.wbcreuuro I mull ad/oyne one other thatgrow- eth in moyft mcdoWes,becaufe it is fo like them in the outward face. I, Vermieularis & Crajfula minor vulyaris five Hlecebra major. The ordinary Prickmadam or Stonecrop.. ... Thecommon Stonecrop growethupon theground with divers trayling branches, fet with many thicke, fat, and fome what round whitifh or yellowith greene leaves, a little pointed at the edges •• the flowers Hand at the toppes of the branches, many fet together, yet fomewhat loofely and not in a thicke tult or duller as the Or¬ pines, of a yellowifh colour, the rootes arc very fmall creeping in the ground,and lend forth flalkes with leaves here and there all abouts. 3 . Vermieularis Scorpioides. Stonecrop with turning heads. This other Stonccropor Prickmadam hath luch like {hikes with leaves thereon as the former, that it is hard to dillinguifh them untill they come to flower, which then may be defeerned to differ onely in the turning toppes, of yellow flowers bending or turning like the taile of a Scorpion, or thofe herbes that are refembled unto it: the rootes in like manner creepe and fhoote forth in divers places. Of this fort there is another whofe head of flow¬ ers turnech not,which Libel calleth Hstmttodes. 3. Vermieularis minor. Small Stonecrop, The fmall Stonecrop hath fmall and long leaves like the other, fet upon fhort flalkes, not pad an handbreadth long which are not fo thicke but more flat, and of a more ftipticke tafte, the flowers are of a paler yellow colour and greater then the firfl, elfe (landing in tufts in the lame manner : the roote is like it alfo creeping about: this loofeth bothftalke and leafe in the Winter. 4. Vermieularis fore albo. white flowred Stonecrop with round pointed leaves. The white flowred Stonecrop creepcth upon theground in the fame manner that thp others doe, with (lender flalkes and long round leaves upon them, of ablewifh greene colour, not (harpe but round pointed, feemirig like wheate cornes or pine apple-kernels, being fparfedly fet thereon : at the toppes whereof (land fmall white flarre like flowers in fmall tufts or fparfed umbells.'the roote creepeth like the reft,and the [caves perifh with the flalkes every yeare like the laft. 5. Vermieularis dafyphySon. A fmaller white flowred Stonecrop. This other Stonecrop groweth lower and hath more (lore of fuch fmall round leaves like wheate cornes, thic¬ ker fet thereon then the other: the flowers are white alfo like the lad, and in no other thing differech from it. 6 . Sedumarvenfe five palufire fiorerubente. Marfh or Field Stonecrop. This Field Stonecrop hath divers reddilh flalkes fet with fmall fatlong leaves, fomewhat hairy, and much greener then any of the former : the flowers are ffnall (landing like (larres, many in a tuft together, of a pale red or carnation colour: the roote is like the reft, lending forth divers llioots: this abideth greene all the Winter and hath as little cade as the former. ’ 7. Illecebra miner Jive Sedumtert turn Diofcoridis. Wall Pepper. This wall Pepper is almoft the fmalleftofallthefe,and groweth like the former with very many and (len¬ der ftalkes,and fmall round leaves thicke fet upon them, at the toppes whereof grow fmall pale yellow flowers i}_ _ " --- -- ' . Rrc ^ " •" in todes. 6 0 StdvtnawtiifefMpatifhtflomuk Wfc |larlh or Field Steuwiep, in tufts as the others doe • the roote in like manner creep- eth about, fending forth ma¬ ny ftalkes, which as they lye upon the ground take roote and fpread farre : the taQe hereof is very fharpe and hot 'rise 6. The Theater of Plants. 7. lUcKkrn minor fiveSedam ttrtim VitfcoMis. WalUPepptr. CuAPt 6. 73^ 8. lUeccbra iappida. Vnfayoric Wall-Pepper, 9. Sempervivum minus aflivum- Small Summer Houfeleeke or Stonecrop. ny;Aored c with many yellow Bovvers at the toppes; [the roote is fmall and perifhing. The Place, Although thefe forts grow ey ther on mudde or Bone walls, or among rubbi£h,and in other fandy or gravelly places, and oftentimes alfo upon the lides of old tiled houfes and penthoufes, efpecially the two laB forts la¬ ving onerbutthe fixe onely groweth in moyB Mcdowes and Marfhes. 7 ‘he Time. They all flower in' Ittnc and Inly and fometimes fooner, the leaves of many of them continuing greene all the Winter* The Names.. Thefe kindes of Houfeleekes are called in Greeks K^ccov to (juk&v Alzoon minus ,that is, Sempervivum minus s in that they are al waies greene.and are leffcr then the for¬ mer, yet fome do call both kinds Ait hale jjfor that they are ever living, Pliny eallech this leffer.kind Trithales quia ter fioreat (but Brunfelfiu* ref erreth that name to the greaccr) and Eritbales or Erifithales and Chryfothales. I he Italians, call the firfl .Somprevivo minoreSc Pignola, the Trench petite loubarbe andTrie/uemadame, the Germans Klein Hanf- Tvurtz, and Klein Dor.derbaer, the Dutch Bladerloofen and Pape cullekens , and wee is Englifh Prickmadam,Stone- crop,or great Stonecrop (becaule we call two of the Jafl fores fmall or little Aonecrop) Stonchore a ad Moufetaile s The Wall-Pepper or country Pepper is called by the Ita¬ lians Granellete and Cjrafola , the French Pain dloufcau 9 the Germans Afaurpfeffer that..is Piper mftrinum, and Catzentreubel, that is, fua feliitm or felina : the Dutch (-Hitterpepper. The firfl is called by Lobel in his Adverfaria Vermicularis of the likeneffc of the leaves unto wormes, and Clajfttla minor 0flic in arum five Hlecebra major, it is the Sempervivum minus primutn of D odonaus J.\\z Sedum minus mas of Fuchflus, and the S edum minus Nematodes of Ta~ bermontanus and Cjerard : the lecond is called by Lobel in his leones and Dutch Herball, Aizoon Scorptoides, and is the fourth Sedum minus of Clufius> and of Camsrarius vtAiZrion minus flore listen reflexo : the third is the fixe Sedum minus of Che pus, the Sempervivum minus afiivttm of La¬ bel, and the Aizoon medium oiThalms \ the fourth is the Vermicular is flore albo of Canter arias, the Sedum minus fawindoi Fitch pus, Luqdunenfls and others ,Sempervivum minus album of Brttnf elfins and others, and is the firfl Se- dum minus of Clufrn : the fift is the feventh Sedum minus of Clufius, called by Lugdunenfis Aizoon Dafyphyllon five denfifolium : the fixe is the third Sedum minW of Cfofiw Rrt 2 called IH:' j «{■ 736 C HAP. 7 - 'Theatrum ‘Bctanicim. T r 1 B e 6. : cal'ed bv him Sedum pa/uftre, and is the fourth Sedum minus with Tragw, which Bauhimu calleth Sedum arvenfe flora rubente■ although he would make it a differing fort (rom it: the feventh is the eighth Sedum minus five Can. flicitm of Clufiw, called lllecebra minor by Label, and Sempervivum minimum, and is taken by Anguilara to be the Cramcn 5 . Plimn and of Columna to be his Vatlylon 2. ml 3 ; and becauie of the d.fferent qualitie, he judgeth it, not fit to be accounted an eAizoox which arc all cold ; Cardus calleth it Aizaon acre, and Thahtu Aizetm minus fer. mdigujltn, who alfo calleth the eight Atom minus and Vermicular}, infipida, andby Cardus Aizoon minimum : the lad is onely mentioned by Label, The Vertues. All thefe kindes of frnall Houfelcekes or Stonecrops, except the feventh are cooling like unto the other grea-: ter Houfcleeks, and in their qualities are referred thereunto being fomewhatallringent withall whereby they: are no lefie powerful! to flay the fluxes and diftillations, bleedings inward and outward,eruptions in the skinne, cancerous and fretting fores and ulcers, and generally can doe and perforrae whatloeveris laid of the greater kindes and therefore in the want of the one, the other may fafely and effeflually be ufed; onely the laft fave one is fervent hot fliarpe Si exulcerating fas I faid before)the skin,and raifing blifters if it be laid thereupon but a while, as forcibly as Ranunculus or Crow foote will doe, and therefore it behoveth all that (hall have occafion to uleany of the cooling Stonecrops, thatthey doe not miftake this for feme of them whereunto it is folike; yetitisnot withoutfotrKother good properties, whereof good u(e may be made, for it is faid to procure vomiting, tire iuyee thereof taken with vinegar andfome other drinke, and thereby driveth forth thicke flegmaticke and colle- ricke humours whe eby quartaine agues,and other of long continuance may be cured. And that taken in the fame manner jit doth expell any poyfon,or the force of venemous herbes,and of the Aconites, which yet is referred by fotne to the greater kindes 1 but Caveat spin fumpferit. Diofcorides faith, that being outwardly applied with Axwi- eia, that is Hog°a fuet, it will take away knottes and kernells, as well in the necke and throatc, which is called the Kings evill, as in any other part of the body, and applied by it felfe, or boy led in oyle of Rofcs, and the anointed therewith, doth eafe the paines, and cure them of the gtiefe. fore piles annointed t Chap. VII. Aizcon, Sedum jive Semper vivnm minimum petr.atm & montanum • Rockie and Mountainous (mail Houfelcekes. 3 He third kinde of fmall Houfeleekes that I am toentreate ol here,are of filch as grow on Rockie, j (tony, and mountainous places (of many whereof I have in my former Booke given you the | knowledge) which are the led ofall the red formed into circles or eyes, as the common Houfe- I Icekeis, and as the forts of Cotyledon altera are alio, whereunto they might be as well referred, j butbecaufe other Authors have let them forth by the name of Sedum minw, lam content to )c( them fopaffe alfo. I. Sedumminimum Alpinism Mufcoides ; Small Moffelike mountable Houfeleeke. This fmall Houfcleeke fpreadeth with the many round circling heads of leaves like Houfeleeke, a great deale of ground fo thicke lying thereon, as the Mode it felfe doth which leaves are very fmall, thicke, and of a blcwifli greene colour: from the middle of divers of which heades fpring up fmall flender dalkes, not above two or . • ■ 1.11 ■ 1 /-• r 1 n .1 . . _ Aonn three inches high, bare or naked of leaves, for the moft part unto the toppes, where hand two or three fmall white flowers made of five leaves apeece, and fome yellow threds in the middle of them: the roote is fmall and threaddy, but multiplied! it felfe into a number of heads. 2. Sedum minimum Alyinum villofum. Small hairy meuntaine Houfeleeke. This is as fmall an Houfeleeke as the former, growing in the fame manner, and about the fame height, but the 1. Sedum minimum Alyinum CMufcoidsi. 2. Sedum mhimum alyinum •villofum, 4 , Sedum montanum grammo folio aUetim* \ Small Meficlike mouacaine Houfeleeke. Smallbairie naomtainc Hcufdceke. AnothergretliJikclnull Htuldceke. leave are fame what greater and longer, and let with fmall haires round about the edges; dry, and beare fixe or (even flowers a peece at the toppes which are white like the other, with a yellow bot- 2 Sedum minimum Alpitmm grdm'mtofolio. Graffelike fmall Houfeleeke. This Houfeleeke groweth not much higher than either of the former the leaves of whofe heads are fomewhat anger than the lalf, flatter alfo and greener, verylikeunto the leaves of graffe, from among which rilerh up a j : alke or two, very Imall fmooth and tender, about three inches long, bearing one flower, and lometimesi two at olhe toppe, confiding of five white leaves, fomewhat larger than the former, and their found ends dented in the If niddle, making every leafe feeme like a heart paintedlon the Cardes, the bottoms of the flower being yellow. y. Sedum petrtum mo mammluttum. Small rocke Hottfelseke with yellow H owers. 4. Sedum mont(innm grdmineo folio niterttm. Another Graffelike fmall Houfeleeke. “i This other fmall Houfeleeke dif¬ fered! little from the lad in the a manner of growing, fmalnefl'e of :he leaves,or height of the ftalkes ihat beare flowers, but different in dthefe points, that it beareth more 1 lowers at the tops of the ffalkes, : not heartlike pointed, bur whole, and of a pale yellow colour, 5. Sedum petreum menttmum lateum. Small rocke Houfeleeke with yellow flowers. This fmall rocke Houfeleeke hath divers heads of leaves lying upon the ground like the other, but harder, narrower, pointed alfo and fomewhat hairy: the flowers being foure or five that fland together,above on the naked ffalkes about three or foure inches high, confid of foure fmall yellow leaves apeece, after which come long pointed flat coddes, fomewhat like unto a Thlafpi, wherein is contained fmall brownilh flat feede; 6 . Sedttm Alpittnmgrandiflorum'. . Small mountaine Houfeleeke with great yellow flowers. This fmall Houfeleeke hath many fmall heads, of leffer leaves than thofe of the lad, with fmall ftalkes under themi from among which rife (lender ftalkes fet with leaves up to the tops, where ftand foure or five pale yellow flowers, larger than the fmallneffe of the 6. Sedum Alpimmgrttrtdifleuim. Small Houlelecke with great yel- low flows. 7. Sedum Alpinum flore pallido. Small mountaine Houfeleeke with pale yellow flowers. s, Sedum minus wnwwtn flore rubro. Small mountaine Houfeleeke with red flowers. , 2 1. Sedum monlamm per- pufiUum luteoliifloribus. The leaft mountaine Houfe* lecke with yellow flowers. Err 'Tbeatrum ‘Bctanicum 7*38 Chap, 7. j 3, Sedum minimum aI pi num viNofum alterum. Another fmall mountaine hairic Houfeleeke, plant .night feeme to give, being altnoft as great as thofe of the white Saxifrage confiftire of five leaves a nccce, the roote runneth in tne ground and Ipreadcth With many heads. b eavesapeeccj 7 . S'd,, m Alf,„« m flor C p*mdo Small mountaine Houfeleeke with pale yellow fiowersi ^henearerefemblanoeofthisimallHoufekehe unto the fmall Stonecrops in the iaft Chapter, might feffly have challenged the company : but becaufe it is a mountaine kind! 1 thought better to place it here- It creene h nponthe ground with a number of fmalHappie branches of a hand breadth high, furnifhed round about with fmall long and ppmted leaves, very like unto Stonecroppe, but fomewhat flatter and not fo thicke and of a ve"v ftipticke taftc, up to the toppes where ftand many fomewhat great flowers, yet much lcfler than the Iaft of a rale yellow colour: the roote Ipreadcth much, whereby it greatly encreafeth * ’ P tv , fl 8 ' ^ rutro. Small mountaine Houfeleeke with red flowers. V 3 at the toppe divers large flowers made of many narrow and pointed kavcsHar e fafl on ora reddilh colour and yellow in the bottome* with awhirp iiia f V 5 u i?. u fweeter inlmellthat in any other fort. h ” line at .the bottomed each lcafe, which are tv r „ ?• s ^Z,<‘T le r hir lT m t Mr f un T- Small hairie purpleflowred Houfeleeke. to fmall branches bearing every one a fmall purphfh flower: the roote is imalland threaddy. This final PsUH rT\ T rm ^ m x.^ ntm ■ Rockc Ho “ft^eke with darke red flowers. ftal!ies> ab0Ut two indies hi S h . with fmall long We h n u° pp;s ° f t!:em - oFa darkc rcd colour handing many to B etner, as though they flood round in an umbell: the roote is fmall ->nd lone ’ This t Ut f\t lh ?- The ,eaft m ount,i ne Houfeleeke with yellowifh flowers. thloround ftored with fir ' e fms!i lcavcs llke “ on e,f bearm^rnSr ll Mkes fcarfe appearing with their heads above the leaves, each of them bearing but one pale yellow flower thereon apeece, riling from out of a lame <>reene huske • the roote is o 0 fh S eight endCr> W many brCS thcreat ' the whole P 1 ^ above ground fcar?e attaineth unto two inches Like nnrn f v * rie l«’&'• S “ aI1 foeke Houfeleeke with difcoloured flowers, head l alfo l ke t ' if ^! ie 15 this var-.aDle coloured Houfeleeke being as fmall as it, the leaves of whofe n anv tl ° fe t°^ Up ° n §t °™ are Fma11 flat <“?««*« round, and of a pale greene colour : the (hikes are This fmaU 3 Hont^ 777 ^“7 Another fmall hairy mountaine Houfeleeke. which r fc un fmal t kcs long leaves fetwith fmall haires about the edges, among flowers at the “ C ^^ Uke ‘ CaveS ’ and three ° r fourc f “ aI1 whitifi Mountaines in divers places, but withallvery hard- Thp n ~ _ The 'time, y ower in Ime and IhIj i n their naturail places, bat earlier in Gardens when they will there abide.' All thefe has e beene lately found out, and are not mentioned by any of the ancient, but later Writers, and that you 'j' jibe 6 . The Theater of Plants, Chap. 8 , 739 know wlioie each t ^ ienl “ |C >^ ft“ ew y° u their Authors: The firft is the ninth Sedum minus of Chi- r°'i the fecond his tenth, whereof Gefnerin hortu maketh mention: Bautinas thinketh it is the lajme montanaoi ' Lii’edunenlis : the third is Clufiut his eleventh Seium minus : the fourth hath not beetle exhibited by any before, ■ L ‘ h jif l- tlie'twelfth Seium minus of Clufius , and called Scitum petraum mmtamtm by Label, Lugdnnenfis fet- jy 1 ^ j forth for Phyllon Arrhemgonon r Dalecbampii],bnx.'ao\.h Label andClrejius taxe him for it: and Ge/ncraltb mifli- ’ keth their judgement that would make any of thefe fmall Seda to be Phyllon of Diofcorides : Columna alfo miflik- keth that this mould be accounted a Sed/»»,becaufe the forme of the flowers and feede veflells doe differ from all the other forts of Sedtim, which although they be both great inducements and efpeciaily the feede veflells being as I have Chewed in many places of this worke a precife note to know unto what gems the jpecies of any herbe mar beft belong, yet in regard the manner of growing of thefe Houfeleekes is fo differing from all other herbes, s and that this in°the heads of leaves is fo like unto them, I doe not fee but that it may better bee referred to aSf- dum then to a Leucoium as Columna doth,who calleth it Leucoium luteumeA^ides montarmm, making it a Wall¬ flower ■ and indeede C 7 »Ji>« obferving the difference,giveth a note thereof, and faith that it agreeih not in all parts unto the fmall Houfeleekes, and therefore leaveth it to other mens judgements, to call it by fome fitter name if they can: the fixt is the Sedum minus tertium of Label, Dedonaus cal'eth it Sedum [erratum as Bauhinus thinketh as alfo to be the Sedum Alpinism cpnartumafColumna,kut calleth it himfelfe S ednm alpinism Saxifrage albepre Sve grandifoliam, thefcventhistheSedumminus fextamotClrspus : the eighth is called Aizoon tnonta- num. by Lugduntnfis, and by 'Bauhinus Sedum Alpinum rubro magnofltre :the ninth and tenth are remembred onely by Baulinas and I from him : the eleventh hath not beene fet forth by any Author that I know before: the twelfth is called by 'Bauhinus Sedumfraxatilevariegatoflore, but is not that S edam fiofculis partim candidis partim purpureh that Gefner in hartis Germania maketh mention of, for that I (hallflicw you by and by to be a Cotyle¬ don with filch flowers, which are all greater Plants then any of thefe Seda minima, the lafr alfo hath not beene rc- membred by any before. Bautinas maketh mention of fome mote forts of thefe fmall Seda, which I thinke ate comprehended under lome of the other forts,and therefore not fit to be double repeated. The Vert ties. All or moft of thefe fmall Houfeleekes being in talk drying and aftringent, and fome of them a little bitter withall doe teftifie that they will well ferve to helpe defluxions and today Iaskes and fluxes of blood or humors as powerfully as any of the other forts,but are not fo cooling : but becaufe I have no author that hath fet downe the properties ofany of them in Phyficke, cither for inward or outward diteafes, this the refore may bee diffid¬ ent tor our nation (that are not likely to have much experience of any of them in our land) to have faid thus much. Chap. VIII- ,Sedum Uciniatls folijt. Small Houfelcekc with divided leaves. Cannot be brought to be of ‘BAuhinw j udgement,to make many forts of this kinde of Houfeleeke.for in my mindc he f orcibly draweth in other herbes to beare this title, which cannot fitly agree there- unto.as by the defeription of them in the precedent difeourfe, both in the lecond Chapter of the fourth Claftis,and in the 40. Chapter of the fift Claflis of thisbooke, and in other places you may more plainely perceive. 1. Sedum Alfinnm laciniatis Ajugafolijs. Small Mountaine Houfeleeke with Jagged leaves. 1 cannot finde any more plants fitly in my minde to beare this title but this and another, and therefore I muft give you the deferiptions of thefe onely and leave Bauhinus or any one that will undertake to be his champion herein, to maintaine his other iorts as he can. 1 his firft fhooteth forth on all fides many fmall heads of leaves from fmall firings like to the Houfeleekes, each leafe where¬ of is long and narrow, cut in deepely into three divifions, one on each fide and the end longed, fomewhat like the leaves of the fweete Groundpine, but fmaller and greener, not having any hoarinefle on them, adringent and drying alfo in tade as much as any of the other; the fealkes are reddifh, very (lender and not two inches high (faith C/u- fius ,but they were higher with us) bearing every one of them one fmall flower but fomewhat large with us J made of five leaves a peece, of a pale greene colour (fo faith Clu fins) but that which wee had from Mr. Hesket out of Lancafbire bore pale whitifh flowers with fome yellow threds comparing a middle round umbone: the roote is fmall but ipr cad eth much. 2 . Sedum Monfpelienfe & Pyrtntzum laciniatum. The French jagged mountaine Houfeleeke. This other jagged Houfeleeke hath likewife divers heads of very fmall greene leaves, each whereof is deepely cut into two, or more ulually into three parts, andfeldome into more, from among which rife one or two fmall dalkcs three or foure inches high, with fome few leaves let thereon,parted very often into fome branches, at the tops whereof band foure or five flowers of five leaves a peece, of a pale colour, with divers threds in the middle; the roote is blacke and fmall, creeping about. The TUce. The fird faith C lufius eroweth on the Mountaine called S mb erg or SnowhUl among the ft ones>but on the Moun- . — - taines 1 . Sedum /Upimoi laciniatis Ajugiz folijs, Small Mountaine Houfeleeke with jagged leaves. •r# ■ i /' 1 Rh"S. 740 Chap, y. Tbeatrum Sotanicum . ___Tribe6. taines of Lmcajhiere with us as Mr. Hosket told us, the other both upon Mount Lumt andcI/wT^TT; T.~ felier, and on the Pyrctwan hills likewife. c urn " The Timex The firftflowreth in Attgufi faith ClufiiH, within a while after that the fnow is diffolvcd, but in the end of April!md beginning of with us, although fomewhat later in the natural! places, and the other n- Jh thereabouts. u,ucn The Names' 1 , The firft is mentioned by Chifim who in his Pannonicke obfervations maketh it his feventh Solum Altmum AjHgefolie, and in his Hiftory of Plants fetteth it for his S edtm dccimum tertian-. the other Baahimu fettcth forth by the name of Sedan tndaOjbui Alp,mm mim1 and referreth it to the other fort of Sedan Alpinan tertium of brcgoriw de Reggio, remembred by Colamm, but fo it cannot be, for he faith that that fort hath not leaves com- pact together as the other Seda but difperfed. The Vertttes ’ You have heard before of the tafte,and therefore you may judge of the qualities of thefe herbes, for I have no more to fay of them,but that it is likely they be as cffeftuall forthofe caufesthat the laft fmall forts of Houfe- kckcs are. r t L ■ t Chat. IX, Cotyledonprimm five Vmlilicw Penerit, Kidney Wort or Wall Pennywort. g=g He laff kinds of Houfeleeke whereof I am to entreate, fo to accomplifh the whole family is of the ' Kidney worts, whereof the firft fort ef Diofcorides being different from the otherlwill Mfpcake or, and then of the reft that I have not mentioned in my former booke. 1. Vnhilicm Venerit vulgar it. Our ordinary Kidney wort or Wall Pennywort. . „ . The great Kidney wort or W all Pennywort that groweth with us hath many thicke flat and round r!Tf,! ? WinS thc ro ,°, te > cvcr y one having a long footedalke faftned underneath about the middle thereof, rS.nr r W3V< ? fometl ™ es abo “t the edges,of a pale grehne colour, and fomewhat hollow on the pper Ude like a fpoone or fawcer, from among which rife one or more tender fmooth hollow (hikes halfe a foote high, with two or three fmall leaves thereon ufually not round as thofe below but (omewhatlong anddi- A ca „ at ,| 1 l cd " cs ,' , tops are fometimes divided into long branches bearing a number of pendulous flowers, Pfi u-1 °” S u e a , OVC anot ’ n:r ’ which are hollow and like a little bell, of a whitilh greeneco- !•?„ :r , w ™ ch co “>efma;11 heads conteining very fmall browmdi feedc, which falling on the ground will p entitully Iprmgup before winter if it have tnoyfture : the roote is round fomewhat like the lull roote of an i. Umbilicus veneris vulgaru. Our ordinary Kidpeywort or Wall Pennyworr. 3 . Cotykdsn alt cm mr.or fdie fair ctvxdo. Small Kidney wort with roundiflileavcj. The Theater of Tlantf. ;HAP. £ 0 74I Tribe 6._______ ...____ —-""TT n n ITTrf: ufually (moo* yet fometimes rugged or knobbed,grayiih without and white with- Orchis or Daggelton , ^ 0 y thc roote an d bottome of the ftalke, altogether like an Orchis whereunto in,having fma “" . re femble the routes then unto Houfeleeke, but I muft (not be Angular although I fpcake X would more near y . ofthiskinde wee have received from Doftor Hoelut at Lijhbone a greater MajorLpl i which M 1 '. Tradefcant keepctll at Lambeth. ^ in fort.with paler g ^ Cotyledon five Sedum montimumlatifolium[erratum gnttato fine. Spotted Kidny wort,or the Princes feather. nf Houfeleeke,or Kidny wort call it which you will is defenbed in my former booke, where 7 T n 1S ^hP Princes feather and therefore needeth not to be here againe repeated although I give you the figure of i among the reft: you (hall finde the Figure hereof in 6*0798. ■ ofitamongtner y ^ ^ minor f 0 ti 0 f M brttmdo. Small Kidnywort with roundift. leaves. This other fmaU Kidnywort hath much rounder and fmaller leaves in the heads then the former, not fo b.gge 1 ms owe: ltnauivi y a ne colour a3 itj or more white and dented at the edges 111 the lame asthenayleofonesfing ^ ° £ ^ t h e other Houleleekes, from the middle of feme of the heads yearcly rile up flenderbut ha"d and rough ftalkes about anhandlength high, fet with a few Met and longer leaves thereon, at the tonpes whereof appeare fmall flowers upon long footeftalkes confiftmg of five and fometimes of fix leaves foLch P fom«imes wholly white, and fometimes fpotted with red (pots, and fometimes having three purple f P ec ^’ -rhebacke of every leafe, fo that it make* the whole leafefeeme purplifn, in their places follow fmalf heads with fmall feede 1 the roote is fmall and fibrous like the reft, fetting of heads of the like leaves round abouti *- Co , ion aIler v „r u ,urihuflmi»i. Small Kidneywort with party coloured flowers. _ This fmall Kidnywort groweth with many heads of fmall leaves circlewife like unto the laft IC.dmworc (whereof it is a peculiar fort) greater then the fmalleft and fmaller then the greateft; each whereof is fomewh t long and narrow of a whitifh greene colour dented as it were about the edges or rather fet with fil"ireVpots g about the edges making them feeme like white teeth(or as Gefner compare* them to the filvec like fins of Fifties) very pleafant to behold, for in the Winter when no flower appeare* this and the lad (and the firft that I have exprefled in my former booke, being all of one genus) give* as much delight as when ic is * flower,which are many (landing on feverall footeftalkes, each leale whereof is p»t white and part purple, variably diversified in every one of them. ^ . The firft oroweth very plentifully in many places of this kingdome, but especially in all the weft parts of this land upon ftone and mud walls, upon rockes alfo,and inftony places upon the ground, at the bottome of old trees’ and fometimes on the bodies of them that are decayed and rotten : the other of that fort in f« tugall as is lavd’- thefecond on the Pyrenian hills, the other two grow upon the rockes and among the very ftones where there is l'carfe any earth for the rootes to abide, on the Alpes of the Helvetians or Sinters, and upon the hill called Hortus Wei neare Mompelier. The Time. The firft doth ufuallv flower fooner then the other, as at the beginning of Maj % and che feede ripening quickly after Iheddeth it felf Jo that about the end of May ufually the leaves and ftalks are withered dry and gone mull September that the leaves fpring up againe and fo abide all Winter: the fecondl about the middle of A^/,*e other two fometime flower not untill lime andJWy.and their feede is ripe in Aitgt 1/?,thole heads that bare ftalks ufually perilhinc together,and the other thatbare not abiding all the extiemity of the Winter. r b The Thames, The firft is called ill Greeke mtoaiiJSi- Cotyledonab aeetabulifiveumbilici figura, and therefore the Latmes call it Acetabulum as well as Cotyledon or VmbiUcw Veneri,-. it ha* alfo divers other names; as Scutum cal, Scute urn, Terra Vmbilicus, Hortm Vencrii and Her bn C'oxendkum : the Italians call it Ombihco di Venire, andfomeC par. tivole. that is pot covers, the Spaniards Scudctes, that is Shields, the French Efcunlles and Nombnll da Z enw, the Germane! Lofdkraut and Navelkraut, the ‘DutchNavelcruijt, and we 111 Englijb of m 111 irc T^f )fwrjinaketh mention of a greater fort of Sori el! than ordinary-.^: Camerarita f r ? c , =lv c< ^ ^ on J but neither of them lpeake of any tuberous Joints they fhould beare, io that it is probable, it is but onely the climate and foyle that produceth the tubers. ..u. *1 Franca five RmannrotmdifolU' Round leafed Sorrell. , ■ . , 8 tnl ? ®°J re * confifteth a cheefe difference which are fliort and almoft round in fome, , r 1erS C ' C ^. "A. ,, 46 * ome 'yhat round pointed peeces on both (ides, of a paler greene colour nt-Hlnar,, 1'°™^’ C £ . ? re w f a ^ r not handing upright, but theflowers and feede differ not from the / ore. t e roote is lmall and threddy creeping about and {hooting up heads of leaves round about: the Acetopt vulgaris. Oui - ordinary Sorrell. i, Acetcfa maxima Gcrmanica, Great Sorrell of Germany. 744 Cha P.IO. Tbeatrum Botanicum. RIBEf Bulbofa tafte is of a much more plcafant fharpeneffe then the other, and therefore more dcfircdofanT ufedit. y " ‘ormerly hat 3. OxaUstuberofaradice. Tuberous rooted Sorrell. The cheefe differences in this confill both in leaves and rootes, the leaves hereof beino former! c, the ordinary but larger and not fo broad next the (hike,the ftalks.flowers and feede are anfwerable tnthf ^ but the rootes are many tuberous clogs fattened by firings to the head whence the leaves ferine forth tornW 4. OxalitMboftmotitar.amiior, The greater bulbous Sorrell. s This bulbed Sorrell hath large greene leaves fomewhat like the garden kinde, but more round 1, r cnd,and more forked at the lower part next the (lalke, that it feemeth almofi three fquare like unr ** in the reft it agreeth with the ordinary fort but that the rootes are round and bulbous, 0 an lvie ca * ( There is another like hereunto.but that the leaves are letter and rounder, the whole nton. r __ cralfo. ‘mailer and low y. OxalU rotundfalia Alpha. Small Mountaine round leafed Sorrell Thislmall Sorrell hath five orfix fmall leaves (landing upon very long and flender footeflalkes " t mg no bigger then the nayle of ones hand,and in a manner as round as the Violet leafe -'the Paine '.vil , footehigh, bearing fuch like chaffie hutkes and reddilli, wherein the like feede unto the ordinar,, tT , ^ 1 6 . Oxaliifcutata repens. Creeping Sorrell with fmall broad leaves ^ ort, yeth. This creeping Sorrell hath (lender weakejoynted branches trayling on the ground fnnro ■ t whofe leaves are fmall, ofanailesbreadch, andofthefafliionof a pointed fhield and Dninred ,!* 1 1 on S with very long footeftalkes under them, the leaves being almofi as long as theftalkes in rhe can* 3 - ■'“n 1,11,1 other fmall Sorrells. in tne taltc it is like the 7, Acetofa Creticufemine aculeate. Candy Sorrell. The Candy Sorrell hath weake bending (lalkes and fometimes but one, branched forth on ,n c are fmall and long not broad or forked at the lower end as divers other Sorrells are, havinplnm, S, n ,, aVes derthem : the toppes of the branches end in a long fpike of fmall mottle flowers, which afterwa 7 Ca ^ C6 - Un ‘ fmall thinne pricking huskes or skinnes wherein the feede lyeth, every one faflned with a rr n „t.jr s *5”?,* lnt0 S. Acetofa Neapolitatta Ocimifolio, Sorrell of Napier. a crooked footllalke. This Sorrell of Naples fliootethupaflalke let with fmaller thicke mealy leaves there™ .l r ■ , which are broadeft in the middle, and Imaller at both ends like the laft, the topees of the n,it. f 1 ?. ofgreenifh yellow flowers which turnc into skinnie huskes, lomewhat reprefentirp as j-.j, '/!! m . a ,P‘k® of an Gxe withhornesflandingup,andearesliandgingdowne,whereii)!iethefniall feede a,th .the head 9. AcetofaZacj/nthina Calthafolio, Marigold leafed Sorreil. This Sorrell alfo hath no other difference therein from other Sorrells, but in the leaves r, . c , ted and lomewhat long like reaves which are broad pom- 1 ).Aattfonim lancutM. ! Marigold leafe without thofe eares or points that the common Sorrell hath. 10. Acetofa Indica , /Wmx Sorrell. This Indian Sorrell rifeth up with a (lender weake hollow (lalke, with a few long thicke leaves thereon, fomewhat fmaller than thofe at the foote thereof next the gronnd, fmall at both ends, and of a pale greene colour, ofa delicate fmall fharpe tafle: at the toppe of the ftalke grow fundry brownifh fmoorh skinnes, with fmall feede in them, the tooteperilh- eth yearely. 11 . Ace tofu veficari 1 A- mericana. Indian Sorrell with fwollen huskes. The Indian Sorrell hath (lender (leaked (lalkes, of a cubite high, leaning downe to the ground, fpreadingin- to many branches, fome¬ what reddifh towards the toppes : the leaves are f mooth and thicke of a rea- fonable file, fomewhat like a garden Sorrell leafe but that the lower points are not fo long, but rather fhort like an Arrache leafe Sheepe Sorrell. narrowj afcd s om ll. 1 _ - Tribe 6, The Theater of Tlants. Chap, iqJ 745 i >fa palegrecne colour and fonaewhat mealy withall every one upon a very long footc flalke, and of a more jrharpe fo wre tafle than our Sorrell •. at the toppft of the dalkes and branches (land the flowers in a long fpike, like v»r ordinary Sorrell, but greater and of a greenifh red colour: after which come round yet cornered skinnie lowollen huskes hanging downewards } of a reddifh colour, llriped with redder veines,very beautifull, wherein > ire contained two or three cornered browne and fhining feedetthe roote is fmall and threddie, pcrifhlng for the 11 mod part every yeare. \ n. Acetofa Camhre-Britanicx Montana, Mountaine Wdjh Sorrell. IT The Welfb Sorrell growethup with fmalldalkesbranched forthdiverfly with round leaves fet thereon, as alfo /growing at the bottomc of them every one upon a longfootedalke, in fhape fomewhat like the Wall Penny- i worte, but that they are cut in at the lower part with ends on both fides, the flowers hereof are whitifb, and not red like others but the huskes with feede that come afterwards are reddifli, and containe browne fliining three ijfquare feed like the refl.the roote is ftiall and threddy,abiding many yeares. 15. Acetofa minor Lanceolata, 5 heepes Sorrell. r This is a fmall Sorrell well knowne to many ( growing in many medowes with us ) not to differre from other r, fmall Sorrells, but in the leafe which is fomewhat (mall and long broadefl in the middle, and pointed at the fur- sther end, with two fmall cares at the lower end of apalegreene colour fomewhat whitifh. I T 4. Aectofaminima. The fmalleft Sorrell. The fmallcd Sorrell that groweth mod ufnally on dric barren grounds is all together like the lad, but (mailer in each degree. 1 j, Acetofa anguftifolia elatior. Tall narrow leafed Sorrell. This Sorrell may by the figure foone declare the variation, whole ftalkc is (lender and tall } and the leaves nar~ ( row and long, yet formed like a Sorrell,a9 both flowers and feede. The Place, ' The mod of thefe Sorrells beare in their titles or deferiptions the places where they have beene found. The Time. All of them flower and feede in t May and line, except the Indian fort, which flowreth not untill Inly for the 1 mod part, and the feede is ripe in Attgnfi. The Names. It is called in Greeke 55 **ir Oxalit of the (harpetafte, many oftheLatine Writers keepe that name, in Latine alfo Acetofa, and of iome Acedula of the (oureneffe thereof, others call it Rttmex hortenfis, and Galen calleth ic Oxalapathnm,idefi,Lapathum acidum, (oure Docke.yct with Diofeorides ,0 xya/epathttm is Lnpathttm Acutnm, that kindeof Docke whofe forme ofleafe is more lharpe and pointed than others, and not for the fharpetade to caule that name,the Sheepes Sorrell, is called Lapatiolttm and Acetofella by divers. Clnfim maketh mention of the fird great fort, and Label, Dodonsm and others of the fecond, Lobe! gave fird of all others know¬ ledge of the third, and Columna of the fourth; 'Batthiuut of the fift,fixt,and fcventh.Ctlumna of the eight ,Trofper Alpinm in his Booke of .Ey/vi** plants of he nimhjof the tenth and lad none hath made any mention before now Beflerus in horto Tyflctenfi lpeaketh of the eleventh, by the name of Acetofa vejicaria peregrina, which Ban- binns calleth Acetofa Americana folijs longiffimu pediculis donatii ; but of the twelfth fort (if it be not the fame with the fecond,whcreunto it is very like) no author ever made mention before now, and (carce is it knowne to any but the Gentleman of Anekfey called Mr. Morris Lloid of Prislicrwortb that found it on a mountains in Wales, and (hewed it to I)r. 'Bor.ham in his life :the thirteenth iscalledby CMatthiohu Tenuifilia-^ndfo by Loni- ccrm ,Gefner,Tragus,Sc almod all other writers of herbes in our later age,and called Oxalis vtrvectna of Lobe! and Ovina of others,and arvenfis lanceolataby Bauhinm • the fourteenth is remembred by Montamis, Cjerard, and 1 Baabima. All of them defervedly have the name of Sorrell ,bccaufehowfoever they are fomewhat different in leafe or roote, yet they all agree in the fourenefle,although fome more or leffe than others. The Arabians, asSr- rapio laith, call it Httmaalh • the Italians Acetefa, the Spaniards Areederas Azfderilha and Agrethas : the French Azedle or Ofeille, Saltette, Sttrellc and Aigrette j the Gcrmanes Sawrampjfer ; the Dutch Sttrckcle and Surincfe * and we in Snglifh Sorrell. The Vertner. Sorrell is cooling and drying in the fecond degree, and is prevalent in all hot difeafes to cooleany inflamma^ tion and heate of bloud in agues pedilentiall or chollericke or other fickneffes and fainting, rifing from heate, and to refrelh the overfpent fpirits with the violence of furious or fiery fits of agues, Sec. to quench third, and to procure an appetite in faintingor decaied domackes; for it reGdeththe putrefaftion of the bloud, killeth wormes, and is as a cordiall to the heart which the feede doth more effectually, being more drying and binding, and thereby alio dayeth the hot duxes ofthe mendrues. or of humours in thebloudy flixe, or fluxe of the domackes the rootes alfo in a decoftion or in powder, is tffedhiall for the faid pur poles: both rootes and-feede, as well as theherbeis held powcrfull to refid the poifon of the Scorpion, lothac he that fliall eate thereof fliall feele no paine being dung : the decoflion of the rootes is taken to helpe the j’aundife, and to expell graved, and the done in the raines or kidneyes: the decoTion ofthe dowers made with wine and drunke helpeth the blacke jaundife, as alfo the inward ulcers of the body or bowclls. A Syrupemade with the j’uyccof Sorrell and Tumiterric is a loveraine helpe to kill the force of thofe fliarpe humours that caule the itch : the j'uyce thereof with a little Vine¬ gar, ferveth well to ufe outwardly for the fame caufe. and isallb profitable for frettings and gallings ofthe skin in any part, and (or tetters, ring wormes, Sec. it helpeth alfo to difeufle the fcrophules or kernells in the throate, and the j’uyce gargled in the mouth helpeth the fores therein : the leaves wrapped up in a Coicwort leafe, and roaded under the embers, and applied to an hard empodume, botch, bile, or plague fore, both ripeneth and brea- keth it: the j'uyce of Sorrell dropped into the cares of fuchas are hard of hearing helpeth oftentimes : thediftil- led water of the herbe is of much good ufe for all the purpofes aforefaid. The lefler wilde Sorrell, and fo all the other are Qf the fame qualitie, and are no leffe effeftuall in all the difeafes before Ipokcn of. S f f Ch ap. 746 Chap.ii. Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe 6 .‘. Chap. XI. Oxjfj AUelttjafive Trifolium ttcetofnm. Wood Sorrell# H Here are two forts of Wood Sorrell, the one familiar enough in many places of this Land, the other a ftrangerasfarreaslcanlearne, andonely cherilhed in the (Bardens of thofe that are curious,! have, as I faid brought thele two forts from their family, where they might otherwife be ranked that is among the Trefoiles for their propertie and name alfo in part. 1. Trifolinm acttojumvulgort. Comm n Wood Sorrell. The common Wood Sorrell groweth low upon the ground without any ftalke riling from it having a number of leaves comining from the roote made of three leaves like a Trefaile or Three leafed graft, but broade at the ends, and cut in the middle, of afaintyellowifh greene colour, every one Handing on a long footedalkc which at their firft comming up are dole folded together to the ftalke, but opening themfelves afterwards, and' are of a fine loure relifh, more pleafing than many of the former Sorrells, and yeclding a juyee, which will turne red when it is clarified,and maketh a mod daintic cleare Syrupramong thefe leaves rife up divers (lender weake foote (hikes not growing above therewith every one of them a flower at the top,confiding of five fmall and pointed leavesdarrefafhion.ofawhitecolourin modplaces, orin * fome dafhr over with a fmall (hew of blulh, and in fome but on thebacke fideonely : of any other colour ("although Trifolium Jcetofum Vulgar e. Common Wood Sorrell. fome have fetdowne that it bearethdeepe coloured flow¬ ers) I have not feene •• after the flowers are pad, follow fmall round heads, with fmall yellowifh feede in them: the rootes are nothing but threads or fmall drings fadened to the end of a (mall long peece, all ol them being of a yel- lowifh colour not perifhing every yearc, but abiding with lome leaves thereon in the Winter. Wood Sorrell with yellow flowers. This Wood Sorrell fhooteth forth divers (lender weake reddifh dalkes trailing upon the ground, and taking roote at the j'oynts as they lie, (pread into many branches with many leaves on them, handing fingly one above another, and made of 3. leaves cut in at the ends like the former,but are much (mailer,and of a paler greene colour.'at the joynts with the leaves come forth three or foure (mall flowers together, at the end of a long foote flalke, yet each (eparate from other, confiding of (mail and pointed leaves like the other, but of a yellow colour: the feede that followeth is brownifh li«e the other, but contained in fmallerand lon¬ ger heads like cods or home:, yet notcrookedbut pointed fmall which quickly fall away being tou- a. Oxy: lutto flat. Woo ched when they are ripe, and fpring up a- gaine all about where it grew; it abideth the Winter withou perifhing, if it be not too violent, el(e they will rot and perifh.i mud be new fownea- gainf. 7 'he P/ace , The fird, as f faid, groweth plentifully CTVJ in many places of our ^ f y) cl Land,in Woods, and Ci) fetT )F Wood fides where they may be moid cN- 1 Cv andfhadowed, and in J) other places that are - (X> not too much open to Grecke ’Tbe'Tbeaterof ‘Plants. Chap. 12. 747 RIBEO. _ ____ doth fignific .bothftarpeneffe in forme and in tafie. It is called Trifolium acettfum of divers, i/h is the fame in Aenification aslfaid with O xytripbyllum, and of fome Pants Cues,li, Cuckowbreade, ey- be anf tteCucKwesdelight to feede thereon.or 4 at it beginneth to bloffome when the Cuckow begm .fh m atter her vovee: it is called by the Apothecaries in their (hoppes eAtleluja and Lttjula, the one became Hr that time it isin flower when AKeluj* in antient times was wont to bee fang in the Churches, the other ™ rorruntlv from Miola as they of CMria in Naples doe call it, as ScaUger upon Tkophraflm 4 e eanfispUn- U» ftith. vet it is there fet downe AUeluja, but I thinke it rather flrould be Lnjttla The other 10 called 0 *,s \ rr Inteo of Cltifitts , and Oxjs lute a corniculata repens of Label, and of Bauhinus Trijolinm acetojum cormcuUtrhs, tZ lLims call it Trifolio acetofo Pan cucnli and AUeluja, tht French Paindecocju, th zGermsms S tverklec, the hitchCocckcoedroct, and we in Englijb Wood Sorrell, Wood fower, Stabbewort, and Sorrell dssh,,. The Venues, wood Sorrell is cold and dry as the other Sorrells are, and ferveth to all the purpofes that they doe being ds ffeftuall if not more, efpecially in hindring the putrefaction of blood and ulcers m the mouth and body and in online and tempering diftempered heats and inflammations, to quench third, to ftrengthen a weake !la- aacke, to procure an appetite, to flay vomiting, and mod Angularly excellent in any contagious Ctkneilc or pc- -ilentiall leaver, the Syrupe made of the juice iseffe&uall in all the caufes aforefaid, and fo is the dittoed wa- er of the hetbe alfo: Spunges or linnen clothes wet in the juice and applyed outwirdly to any hot tumors and nflamnations doth exceedingly coole and helpe them s the fame juice taken into the mouth and thei e gargled or Ionic time,and after fpit forth and frefh taken, will wonderfully helpe aftinking foulfe Canker or Vlcer tlicre- n : it is alfo Angular good in wounds, punftures, thrufls and Ilabbes into the body to flay the bleeding and to ilenfeand hcale the wounds fpeedily , and helpeth well alfo today any hot defluxions or catarrhes upon ths Throat and Lungs. Chap. XII. Atriplex fylvefirit. Wilde Arrache. He two forts of garden Arrachc are already fet forth in my former booke, there remame divert other forts to be declared, as well luch as for their raritie and beauty wee nurfe up m our Cardens,as grow wilde ; whereunto I would alfo joyne the Sea plant to fet them all together. I. Atriplex bacciferarnbut. The red berried Arrachc. This beautifull fmall plant fendeth forth divers (lender branches fpmewhat wooddy, about a foots high, or more or lefTe as the place where it groweth will produce, with a (mall cornered leafe like the broad lea¬ fed wilde Arrache, let at the joynts one above another,and at every ot the faid joynts with the lcafe from the loweft almoft dandeth a fmall red berry, clufter falhion, that is many fmall graynes (et together like a Mulberry, deare and almoft tranfparant, full of an excellent juice, as red as blood or Claret wine, which being bruiled upon the backeofthe hand while it is frefliwill feeme as if yophad drawnc blood out thereof 5 which berry being dry groweth blackifli, and containeth within it fmall blackilh feede, and will dill fpnng up every yeare 2 if it be differed to (hed: the roote is fmall and fibrous perifhing after ieede time. 2. Atriplex fylveftris Uppnlcu habens, Wilde Arrache with fmall berries. This Arrache likewife is fmall even lmaller then the other, whofe branches doe not exceeds an hand breadth or halfe a foote at the mod, let with fuch like fmall cornered and pointed leaves as in the other, every one dan- ding upon a fhort footedalke, at every j*oynt with the leafe even almoft from thebotcome commeth forth two very fmall berries or burres, of the bigneife of a Coriander feede, containing therein Imall blacke leede like the lad : the roote is fmall and wooddy periling every yeare after feedetime. Of this kind there is another that beareth greater burres,leaves,and ftalkes,not differing in any thing elfc. 3. Atriplex fyhefiris fruttu compretfo rofeo . Wilde Arrache with fiat Roielike berries. This other wilde Arrache hath a whitifh hard round dalkc, about a foote and a halfe high ; Ipreading forth into many the like branches, and they againe fhooting forth other fmailer ones, which bow themfelves downe a little, whereon are placed fmall hoary or mealy leaves,no bigger then the nayle of ones finger, waved and cut into corners on the edges, like the wilde Arrache called Goofefoote, everyone clofing the ltalke and branenez without any footedalke ; at every of thefe leaves commeth forth a mod dainty broad and flat coloured mute, made as it were of leaves, rayfed up a little in the middle, having foure other eminences at the brims or edges, yet fo fet as that the brims or edges are betweene them fomevyhat like unto the folding of the leaves m a Role as it is painted, in every one of which foure aforefaid eminences is contained one flat (cede ot a^reafona- ble bignefle. 4. Atriplex marina repens. Creeping Sea Arrache. , This Sea Arrache creepeth upon the ground with many hoary white branches and mealy white eaves fet on them without order, cut in on the edges or nere at the bottome, and pointed at the end s, lomew at like unro a fmall Goofefooce leafe; at the toppes of the branches grow divers Gender hoary yellowilh lpikes ot leede let clofe together like cluders : the roote is great with many firings and perifheth not,and is of a la tilh talte althougn bred up in a Garden, fometimesit will turne reddifh like the Garden red Arrache and lometimes nothing io mealy but rather greene. 5. Atriplex maritima anguftifolid* Narrow leafed Sea Airachc, •. It groweth up with an hoary and wooddy dalke a foote high, fpread at the toppe into many fmad branches fpotted with blacke fpots,which end in long yellow fpikes of clufiering feede like the former, the leave* that grow below are fomewhat long and narrow about two inches long, of a darke greene colour with lome corners about the edges but fmailer as they grow higher. _ 6. Atriplex fylvejlrisvnleatiorjinttata. The greater common wild Arrache. Jhe greater common wild Arrache hath ftrong round hard ftalkes and branches, with large leaves on tiwmtoe thole of the Garden, but not fo broad or pointed it the bottomes, yet much waved or cut in on the bdges.and of a durty mealy greene colour: the toppcs ofthe branches are ftored with long fpikes or chafhc “Uskes, out which come fmall yellowifh greene flowers,which afterwards give fmall blackim fcede like unto Purijane: the rooteis.long fomewhat wooddy and fibrous periling yearely. There is another hereof lower and lelier in every part narrower alfo and a little waved on the edges,and periling in the like fort. 7, Atriplexfylveftrit aftgttftifolia, Narrow leafed wild Arrache. Theflalkes ofthis wild Arrache arc very much branched with fomewhat long and narrow leaves let_at the joynts, pointed at the ends, and fmooth, without cuts on the edges, the long tufts of yellowifh greene flowers {land in the fame manner with the laft and the like fcede. 8. Atriplex fjlveftris latifolta jive Fes Atoferinus. G oolc foote. Theflalkes of Goofcfoote are greene and fomewhat crefled, with iundry branches and great oroadgreene leaves fetthereon,cut in fomewhat deepe towards the bottoms 3 of them, with long lpiked flowers at their tops, of a reddifh colour yeelding fmall (cede like the others. 9. Atriplex fylveftrit olidavelfcetida. Stinking wild Arrache. This hath fmall and alinoft round leaves, yet a little pointed and without dent or cut, of a dufty mealy dolour growing on the (lender ftalkesand branches that fpread on the ground, with fiiiall flowers in clutters let with the leave,sand fmall fcede fucceeding like the reft.perifhing alfo yearely, and riling againc from its own lowing; this fcnellech like old rotten Fifli or fomething worfe. 10. Atriplex fylveftrit Halimifoltd. ScaPurflane leafed wilcle Arrache. The leaves ofthis wild Arrache are greater then the laft, more mealy alfo and ndt (linking, fet on ftalkes that grow to be three or foure cubits high,with flowers arid fteede like the others and annuall alfo. Some other wild Arraches there are alfo differing little from thefe before fet downe, but in being'higher or lower according to the ioile, or having fmooth or waved leaves more or leiTe on the one fide or both, which thus to have declared I hold fufflciently ample to enformeyou of them. The Tlace. . The firft came out of Spaine as it is thought: the fecond growsth upon a hill of Narbone in Trance : the third under the walls of Adompelier ,the fourth by the Sea fide of our oWne co\fts almoft every where, the fift was found about %gchel‘ All the wild forts are found by walls,hedges,ditch fides and out places/m many paits ofthe Land. The Time. They all flower in Iune and Iuly, and their fcede is ripe quickly after® ’ The Names, The Garden Arrache is called in tSreeke and JF fgifactfK and Aguod A J)>uf euj^et $tatimw am- plitudinem adolefcat &ottavo die erumpit : it is called alfo ChryfoUcbanew, id eft, Annum ohts, in La- tine Atriplex and Atriplcxnm as T eft as hath it, and Aarettm olut, Jus called by the Arabians Catfif and Car aft 752 Chaf.14- Tbealrum Botanicum. Tribe 6 . what thicker alfo than the Garden kindc; in other things it differcth little from it: neare the fea this hath a brack- ifh tafte, but nothing fo much being tranfplanted. 3. "BetaluttaSyriaca. The yellow Bcete. There is alfo from fome'parts of Syria, brought unto us and nnrfed up in Ifome, curious gardens, a yellow Becte whofe roote is of a paler yellow colour than a Carror,the leaves alfo being of a yellower greene than thole oftlie ordinary white Beete. 4. Beta platicaulos. Flat (talked Bectes.' Sometimes there hath beenefeene a degenerated kinde of Beete, whofe Italke was broad from the middle to the toppe brancing forth on all (ides, and foure inches broad at the highelt, all the leaves being fmaller than or¬ dinary and fo thickefet thereon upwards, that the (talke could fcarce he feene, efpccially at the toppes where the feede,’flood. The Place. Their places are fpecified in their titles or defcriptions, yet Gefrier in hortis faith, that hee had it from credible perfons, that theyellow kind is found dbout the cities Burachium and Alexium in t Macedonia. The Time. They doe all flower in the beginning of bilj.. and their feede is ripe in Augufi. The Names. Beetes are called inGrecke thItMv mdoiiitror, Tetttlonand Seutlon, cb impulfu quod facile excrefcat, in Latine 'Beta.qnomamffttram liters: £ dnm [emine target referrc videtur, which Columella in his tenth booke remembreth in thefe Verfes, Nomine cum Grajo, celt lit era proximo primsty Pangitur in eera dofti mucrone magiftriy Sic (i" homo pingui ferrata cujpidis iUu D cprimitur folio viridis, pede Candida Betal It is called by the Arabians Decks and Call, by the Italians Bietola, by the Spaniards Afelgas, by the French Betclove, andPoeree, by the Germans Mangoltmd Pieffen, byth sThttch Bcete, and wee in Bngtijb Beete : the white Beete was called in former times Sicu/a, and in the later Sic/a : there hath beene fome doubt among many what Beete the ancients meant by the blacke Beete, fome thinking the greene bcete being of a darke greene co¬ lour fhould be it, butothers take the common red Beete to be it, which by the darke red colour commeth nearefl thereunto, which opinion I take to be the mote certaine. Beetes were onely planted in Gardens, and no wilde kindc found with the ancients, as Galen faith, for although Pliny might thinkc that Limonium was a kinde of the wilde Beete, yet Diofcorides did not fo account it, but made it another quite differing kinde of herbe, and gave thereto other manner of properties: yet at this time, as you fee in this Chapter there are thiee forts ret forth growing wilde of their owne nature. Divers doe call the firft Blitum (finofum, becaufe the leaves doe as neere rcfemble a Blite as the Beete. Lobel maketh mention of the lea kinde. Comerorivo in horto of the yellow, and fo dothGefner inhortit Germime, who faith that in Syria it is called Sbandar, and that Bhenhitar the Arabian num- breth it among the fortsof Rapes or Turneps; and that Beilmenfis likewife mentioneth it upon his Glolfesor Comments on Avicen in the Chapter of Sicla nigra. Lugduncnfis calleth the lad as it is in the title. The Spina- ebe which I have here joyned with the Beetes, is called by molt Spinachia , and by fome Spinaceum dm 1 fome of the later Greekcs doe call it enoaayso. Spanachia a raritatein ufu medico ; and fome Spanachia in La- tincyis UiUtthiolui, and thofe that follow him, who I thinke firft fo called it, becaufe Tragus called it Ohs Hijfa- rticum, fuppofing as many others doe that it firft came from Spaine to us. The Vertues. Simeon Sethi and divers ofthe ancients have fet downe in their writings that Beetes have an hurtfull qualitie in them for the ftomacke, and breede many difeafes: they have indeede a more nitrous qualitie whereby they provok more to the lloole than A rrache,Lecture or Mallowes doe, efpecially the white : for the red Beete is held good toftay the bloudy flixe, womens courfes, and the whites,and to helpe the yellow jaundife ;thc white being more clenfing, digefting, and provoking urine alfo, and the red more aftringent, efpccially the roote : the Juyce or the roote put into thenoftrils purgeth theheade, and helpeth the nolle in the eates, as alfo the tooth ach : the juyce of the white Beete openethobftruftions, both of the hver aud fplecne, and is good for the head ach, the fwimming therein, and the turnings ofthebraine, and is effeffuallalfo againft all venomous creatures: the juyce of white Beetes applied upon the temples ftaieth the inflammation in the eyes, the fame alio helpeth burnings being uled without any oyle, and if a little Allome be put unto it, it is good for Saint Anthonies fire : the fame alfo is good for all wheales, pufhes, and other blifters and blancs in the sk inne: the herbe being boyled and laid upon chilblanes on the hands,or kibes on the heelcs helpeth them: it healeth the itch alfo if the places be bathed with the decoftion ofthe herbe in water and fome vinegar: the fame doth likewile clenfe the head of dandraffe, feurfe and drie feabbes; and doth much good alfo for fretting and running fores, ulcers and esnekers in the head, *fSg es or other parts; it is much commended alfo againft baldneffe and (bedding ofthe haire. The wilde Beetes that are here fet downe have not beene applied to any life that I know as yet; neither did I ever heareor reade of any Phyfical! properties ofthe Spinage. Chat. XIV. Blitum, Blites. ■ Nto the Beetes doe the Blites require to be next joyned, of divers whereof I have fpoken in my former Booke, namely ofthe Garden forts white and red betides the Amarar.thus, or Flower gentle of divers forts, whereof 1 meane not further to relate here, although I may give \ oufome of their figures •• but of fome other forts nor there remembred, I. Blitum album fylvefirum minus. The fmall wilde white Blite. - ns fmall wilde white Blite groweth fmall and low, with fmaller whitifh greene leaves fet in the ftalkes, than the The Theater of Tlants, Chap, 14, I. Blitum mbius album fylvefire. The fmali wilde white Elite. Tr ibe 6, __ tie greater fort of the garden : the flowers and feede are like it alfo, and the roote but fmaller in every part. ° j. Blitum rubrum fyhcjtre minw. The fmali wilde red Blite. i The leaves of this fort are fometimes and in fome places more red than in other, and giving a fine red juyce as. , jit to write with (being ordered accordingly ) as the red incite made of Braffill, this is in all other things like into the greater garden red kinde. I 3, Blitum Poiyffcrmon. Wilde Elites with much feede. The lower leaves hereof are very like unto the leaves of the former wilde fort, yet a little rounder and fmaller ilfo on the ftalkes that are much branched, at the toppes whereof grow long and lpikie greeniih heads of feede rery thicke fet together feeming to be all feede .whereof came the name Peljjpcrmtm and is like unto the others; ;he rootes are wholly white and fomewhat long. 4. Blitum VirgixUmtm mttjtu. The greater Virginian Elite. This Kirgimm Blite rifeth up with one great thicke round, yet alrnoft Iquare tall ftalke five or fixe footc high,, full of fmali branches on all fides from thebottome to the toppe, fet with larger leaves than in any of the garden kindes, and of a lad greene colour, elfe fo like them, that they plainefy declare themfelves: the feede groweth in finall fpikes,at the toppes of the ftalke and branches which being ripe is fmali blacke and fhining like the reft, 5, Blitum Virginianum minus Amarantbi fpecies* The fmaller Virginian Blite. The fmaller fort of Virginia is very like the laft fort but much fmaller and lower,having ftalkes and leaves fome- }what redd ifli with the greene, branched alfo butlefle, and with fmali long tufts of reddifh foft (cales as ic 3were, and fmali blackifh fomewhat ftiining feede after¬ wards, but neither fo blackc nor ftiining as the laft : the roote is fmali and fibrous perifhing every yeare, yet often is j railed againe from its owne fowing. 6 . Amarantbm coccinew eUgans maximum. The greateft fcarlet F lower gentle. This great Flower-gentle rifeth up with very great thicke ■ round tali ftalkes, racher higher and greater than theraoft: j) ordinary great red Flower-gentle, with as large great leaves n on it, or rather bigger, but both the ftalkes and they are of a >f. frefh yellowilh pale greene colour, with very little or no i redneffe in them at all ( and this is one proper marke to * know this fort from others before it come to flower), the 4 flowers ftand at the toppes of the ftalke and branches more r fpread at the bottome into fundry parts, the middle being longeft, and nfually when ic is in the perfe&ion hanging 1 downe like a talfell, the other parts like fhorter fpikes com- | palling it round which even for the proportion is very | beaudfull, but much more for the colour which is of a more j excellent bright fcarlet red colour, which being gathered in the prime will hold the colour a good while before it decay, ; elpecially if it be kept from the Sunne and windie aire : the feede indofed in thefe tufts is almoft as white and fmali as | the great red fort, yet a little redder whereby it may be knowne to differ. The deferiptions of the other forts of Amaranthm are extant in my former Booke. The Place and Time , Some of thele grow in our owne land in divers waft pla¬ ces, and in gardens alio as a weede, namely the three firft forts; the other forts are broughtus from fundry parts be¬ yond feas,as the fife from Virginia the laft from Brafill , or fome other part of America 3 znd feede in Augufi & September . The Thames . All our moderne Wri- 2. Blitum minm fylve fire rubrum. ters(for none of the anci¬ ents have made any men¬ tion of them) doe agree in calling them Tilt a fylvefiria minora^x\d the firft two forts Blitum fylve fire minus album & rubrum • yczTragtn cal¬ led] the red fort nigrum, and faith it is called San- guinarta by fome,which word Sanguinaria , is as he faith referred to five feverall forts of herbes, every country having their proper Sanguina- n*, which are this wilde red or blacke Blite, Jormentill, Shepherds 'Ibcfmall wilde red Blite. c Theatrum Botanicum . Tribe 6 754 HAP. 14 3 . Blitum Polyfpermon. Wilde Blites with much feede ^marantkus Coecineus. Scarlet Flower-gentle 6. jimmibus couineus elegant maxims. The greater leaflet tufted jitturanthus or Flowergcntle T R 1 8 E 6 . The Theater of Tlants . Ctt4p. 15. ' iPurfe Knotgraffe.and the Cockes foote grafle : the third is taken by Ar/gmHwa to be the ‘Pofyjpmn of Cafianiu Baffamu, and by LoM and Lugdunmfis Poljfpermcn 1 the three lafl: forts have not beene remembredby any author c before me. _, The Vert ues. The generall tenet ofmoft as well in thefe plants as in all other is that thofewhich havered flowers fcedcs or roots are good to day the red courfesin women,and all other fluxes of blood in man or woman,and thofe that be white wilfftay the whites in women or the Gonorrhea in men, which although it may fall out right in fome things yet that it fhould hold good in all,I am not certaine my felfe.nor can I allure any other iyet the qualities of all thefe being cooling, drying and binding, doe by Hjpocratei teftimony ferve to reftrame the fluxes of blood in man or womanhath fet it downe for an experiment,and AngmUra conhrmeth it,that Filhes are much delighted with the third fort here exprelfed.and by that baite are ufually taken. Chap. XV. 6 , yiolafjlvejirit. Wilde Violets. The wilde Violet is altogether like the garden Violet, but that the leaves are fewer in number, fomewhac thinner alfo and fmaller and a little longer or not fully fo round, the flowers alfo are larger and of a very pale purpliih blew colour neare unto a watcher,not having any (mell at all or very.little. 7, Viola tricolor Mveftrit.' Wilde Panfyes or Heartseafe. There are two or three forts of thefe wilde Panfyes not differing one from another,or any of them from the Garden kinde in forme ofleaves,flowers or manner of growing, but in the colour and largenefle of the flowers, • - - J " ' alt Cm a p. 15. Tbeatrum ‘Botatiicum. 7 r 1 b r 6, Viola tricolor major & -vulgaris. Greater and leficr Panfyes or Hearts eafe. 7. Viola fitveftru Tricolor. WiM« Panfyes or Hearts eafe. all of them for the moll part being fmaller then thofeof the Gardened of as fmalla fent, that is rone at all, bat in the flowers, the colours are divers, yet fcarfe a flower among many hath three colours in them for they are chicfcly white and pale blew> more or lefle marked and fpotted,and fometimes fome yellow in the bottome. The Place. The firft as is before fayd was found upon Mount Baldw as alfo upon the Vegancan hills in Narbone: the fecond was found in S paine by GttjUame Boel as excellent an Herbarift as any in his time, who {hewed it both to Clufius as he faith himielfe among many other rare plants hee brought from thence : the third C lupus laith hec had from Dozier Mera who gathered the plant in his returne from Italy, and {hewed it dry to C Input .-the fourth came itovoVirgima^nd the fift from iTcrkeftiereas is layd in the description, thetwolafl grow wilde in our ownc Land plenfully enough, the wild Violets in woods and Orchards and under bufhes upon heaths and ^uch like fhady places,the wilde Panfies in the Come fields and in fuch as lye Ley,and in the borders of others fields, The Time, All thefe flower after the Garden Violets,and as the Panfyes untill the end of/ ulj. The Names. The Garden Violet is called in Greeke*^ "Viola purpurea by Dio fcorid.es and Vov fV.has "Viola nigra and fu^aviov Aielanium by Tbeophraflui belceved by the ancient Greekes (for fo fetdowne in their writings) tobefo called of -Zo,who was transformed into a Cow by Iupiter , the earth being caufied to bring forth that herbe for cattle to feede on : or as Hermolatts reporteth Nicander to fay in his Geoponicks , that the Violet was called Jon ofeertaine Nimphcs of Iouia } who firft gave of thofe flowers to Jupiter as a prefent: the Latines doe call it, Viola CMartia, and the herbe Violaria y Viola quap vitula by putting the Letter t in imitation of the Greekes, which made S ervius to thinke that "Viola was Vaccintum of the Latines,citing "Virgill in his fecond Eclogue rflba ligupra cadunt Vaccinia nigra leguntttr. But Virgill in his tenth Eclogue fheweth he did not meane them for hee nameth them both as different herbes in thefe words Et nigra VioUfunt & Vaccinia nigra : blit I have (hewed what is the true Vaccinium of Virgill in my formerbooke in folio 157. and 128. Vitruvius alfo in his feventh booke of Ar¬ chitecture diftinguifheth Viola from Vaccinium ,by (hewing the different colours they gave in dying of cloth &c, whereof came Ianthinus colour, A Violet or purple colour, fome others thinke that iov came anl tk hvas, quaff ire , ant provenire } aut primum prorumpere : veris enim previa ep Viola. The Arabians call it S e»efpgi y Senep-agi or Bene- ppgit the Italians Viola porporea and Pavonazzo and Viola mamuolo : the Spaniards Violetta ; the French Violate deCMars : the Germanes MertzcnViolen , the DntchVioletten , and we in Englipj Violets ,Marcb Violets,and pur¬ ple Violets: The Hearts cafe is called by us Panfyes from the French word Penfees , as alfo love in idienefle, cull me to you, and three faces in a hood, and in Latine Viola tricolor , and Viola flammea, for fo, that is flamrm, Gaza tranflateth fome copies have) of Theophrapw lib. 6 .c 6 . fome alfo call it Viola multi¬ color Herb a Trinitatity Flos Trinit at is and Viola Trinitatii of the three colours herein :C JMatthiolw alfo faith it W?? called but there is another called nigra^ whereof I have largely entreated before, and fome call it r r i b e 6 , TheTheaterof 'Plants, C h a p. 16, 757 ?( °enfees minute es the Germans Freyfcbemkr ant yfae r Duteb Penfeen. The firft is called by Matthiolw Viola arborefcens 2 t jy Gefrier Violafrttticofa fay ClaJiM Viola Slafiorfay Lobel Viola Aiartiafurrettis csift lie tills fay Dodomus Viola ajfttr » tens tricolor, by Lugdunenfis Mater violarttm, and by others ZJiola clatior an darborea; the fecond is called by • Zlttfius in his Curt: poft ertores folio 59. Viola Montana pinnla: the third by him in his hiftory Viola montana laci - k tiatax the fourth and fift have not beene remembred by any before: the two laft are reckoned under the general* >t name of Viola tricolor with the addition of fylveftrn to (hew their diftinftions. ; areufed to coole any heatc ordiftemperature of the body, eyther inwardly or outwardly, the inflammations in the eyes in the mother or in the fundament when they are fallen downe & are full ofpaine,Impoftumes alfo and hot fwellings, to drinkc the decodlion o,f the leaves or flowers made with water or wine, or to apply them pouU ' tis wife to the grieved place, it likewife eafeth paines in the head, which are cauled through want of fkepc, or 1 in any other place arifing of heate applyed in the like manner, or with oyle of Rofcs: a dram weight of the dry- ed leaves of the flowers of Violets, ( but the leaves more ftrongly) doth purge the body of chollcrick humors, t and affwageth the heate being taken in a draught of wine or any other drinkc : the powder of the purple leaves of 1 the flowers oncly pickt and dryed,and drunke in powder with water is faid to helpe the Quinfie and the Falling 1 fickneflc in children, efpecially in the beginning of the difeafe.tthe flowers of the white Violets ripeneth and ! diffolveth fwellings: the feede being taken refifteth the force of the Scorpion: the herbe or flowers while they : are frefh, or the flowers when they are dry are effeduall in the Plurifie and all other difeafes of the Lungs, to lenifie the (barpenefle of hot rheumes and the hoarfenefle of the throate, the heate alfo and fharpenc fle of urine, and all paines of the backe or reynes and the bladder : it is good alfo for the Liver and the laundies, and in all hot Agues helping to coole the heate, and quench third : but the Syrupe of Violets is of mod ufeand of better efteft being taken in fome convenient liquor, and if a little of the juice or Syru e of Lemons bee put to it or a few drops of the oyl.eof Vitrioll, it is made thereby the more powerfull to coole the heate and to quench the third, andbelides the effe&giveth to the drinke a Claret wine colour and a fine tartreliifh pleafing to the tade. Violets taken or made up with hony doth more clcnfe then coole,and with Sugar contrariwife : thedryed flow¬ ers of Violets are accounted among the Cordiall flowers.and are ufed in cordialis, drinkes powders and other me¬ dicines, efpecially where cooling ccrdialis s as Rofes and Saunders areufed :the greene leaves arc alwayesufed with other herbes to make Cataplafmes and Poultifes for inflammations or .{'.veilings. and to eafe paines where- foever arifing of heate and for the piles alfo being fryed with Yolkes of Egges. and applyed thereto. Panfyes or Hearts eafe is like unto Violets in all the parts thereof, but (omewhat hotter and dryer, yet very temperate, and by the vifeous or glutinous j'uice therein doth fomewhat mollifie, yet lefle then s'! alio es: it is conducing in like manner as Violets to the hot difeafes of the langs and chefts,for agues, for corn-ulfions ; and the falling ficknefle in¬ children ; the places alfo troubled with the itch or fcabs being bathed with the decot-dion of them doth helpe much: it is Laid alfo to foder greene wounds,and to hclpc old fores to ufe rhe j’uyce cr the diflilkd water: Lngdn- I nenfis fetteth it downe that manyiacks full of the flowers and herbes are tran portD dom tJMarfe'tlles in France unto Alexandria• and other parts of Egypt where they ufe them boyled in water, v hkh onely by their religion they are enjoyned to drinke,not onely thereby to make it the more wholefonv’ to be drunke : but are perfwaded alfo chat ithelpcththc difeafes of the lungs and cheft, and the falling ficknefles. Chap. XVI. Fragaria, Strawberries. N my former Bookc I have (hewed you not onely mod of the edible Strawberries,but one wild (ore alfo that was fit to furnifh that VTorke., the figure of one which will decipher all the reft I give you. here; there are fome other forts to be entreated of fit to be eaten, which were omitted, and others that arc wilde without edible fruit, and therefore called by fome barren or without fruite. I. Fragaria minor hiffiidofolio. .Srpall Strawberries with hard leaves. This Strawberrie groweth like to other Strawberries both in leaves, flowers, and fruite,but lefle in all-of.them/ and to diftinguifhit the more certainely from the other forts, the leaves hereof are hard rough and hairie,grayifh as well on the upper as underfide : the berries when they are ripe are (mall but fufficient plea fane to eate, red on the one fide, andwhite on the other, as if they were equally divided. 2. Fragaria Alpinafruttu comprejfo. Flat Strawberries. There is no difference in this kinde from cur ordinary Strawberrie. but in the fruit which is more flat thart round, and hath a drake or^-lift, every berrie of a tafte neare a Rafpis 2 this alfo ufually beareth fruit againe in the Autumne . 3. Fragaria Helvetia nana. Dwarfe Strawberries. Divers may judge that this Strawberries fmallnefle commeth by the barrennefle of the (oyle wherein it grow- cth, but that js not fo : for it is well knowne to mod, that thofe hills ofthe Swtjfcrs have no barren ground upon them: this hath very fmali friparted leaves next the ground, clofer fet together upon fhort foote (hikes than any other, and thofe that are let on both fides ofthe long branch, not above feureinches long, which Heth creeping on the ground,grow lefle and without ftalke : the flower ftandeth at the end of the branch many times, but one at a place, which confifteth of five round leaves like a Strawberrie, but larger thenagreeth with the proportion of the plant, and is of a yellowifh colour; what fruite this beareth wee have not yetfeene or knowne certainely.Thisj commeth neare unto the defeription of the FragdrU affinis fericea plant a otBaubinui, his brother formerly fo calling it,which as he faith is the Leucas Diofcoridis Adverfariorum i and giveth thereunto a fmali head containing fmali feede therein : but this was brought us from the Alpss by one Flefeber a Silejiax ,. a young Doftor in Phyfieke bat very skilfull in (imples, who periled in Virginia by tafting fome Ttt poyforifuH 758 Chap.i6. Theatrum Botanicum. T R I B E 6 l Frdgaria vulgaris. Common Strawberries. poy fonf'uU herbe, and therefore I thinke it ilioald beare a Strawberrie like head, whereunto I am the rather per-: fwadcd.bccaufethatas Bauhinus citeth, although wrong" fully, as Ithinke, for Icmnotfinde it in him. Gefnerir. hortu that he fhould call one Fragaria parvaflareluteo : the rootes are blacke and ftringic. 4. Fragaria minim? vefca. Barren or unprofitable Strawberries. This Strawberrie is in the growing altogether like the ordinary kindes, with leaves triparted (landing on feve- rall llalkes and flowers, in the fame manner but fmaller, the fruite onely maketh the difference betwixt them, which being (mail and many fet together, are fere and drie without fappe and of an harfh unpleal'ant tafte. The Place. The three firll plants grow upon divers of the Alpes, and other places of Germany, and the lad in our owne land in mod woods and the fields fides ncare unto them, ill Carnereall, as Label faith, but in other places alfo. The Time. They flower in May, when the other forts doe for the mod part or fomewhat later, and the fruite is ripe quick¬ ly after. The Thames. The whole plant is called in Latine Fragaria, and the berries Fraga a frulUis fragrantia oderis & gufltti, for it hath no certaine Greeke name that I know, unleffe as Tra • gue thinketh it may be referred to the of Diofio- rider, or as others thinke to the wsagys C.omaron of Apulc-* itif, but neither ofthem is likely .* others fuppofe chat Diofcorides did underiland this plant under his wj rapvMa: foine have called it Rubm Idaiu nenjpinofus, but there is a flirubbc like unto the Rafpis that beareth no thornes, as I have fhewed in my former B joke. Pliny maketh men¬ tion otFraga, lib.25. c.p. Serviut calletll them Mcrater- reftria, and therefore fome would referre it to the (fhama- batm : the Italians call the plant Fragberia, and the berries Tragic and Frugale ; rhe French Fra iler and Fraifes, the Germans call the fruit Trdbeer, and the Dutch Erdtbefltn, and we in Englijb Strawberries, The firll here fet forth is the third FragariaofTragM, which hefaith the people about Spires in Germany doe call Harbeer ; and Qefiter in hortis Germanic: calleth Fragaria Jpecies minor : the fecond is called by Cafalpinut Fragariagenus in cAlpibus ; and Hatt- hlnsts Fragaria bisfruBstm gerens : the third is likely to be the Fragaria flare luteo of Bauhinus who citeth Gefner in berth, as I laid in the description, to call it fo • and I thinke it may as well agree unto theZexc* of Label which TSauhintis feemeth to make another plant differing therefrom, calling it Fragaria afflnit ferieea incana, for the deferiptions are very correfpondent: the lad is that which Label calleth Fragariafjlveflris m aim: vefca five jlerilit, but is not that'which Gerard calleth Fragaria vefcafive fterilii, whici is another plant, asl have (hewed before. The Fertile:. Thcfe Strawberries that are here fet forth and fit to be eaten, are of the fame qualitie with the other garden kinds exprclTtd in my formerBooke, the leaves i of them all being cooling in the firll degree, and yet fome fay hot jand drying in the lecond.the roote is more drying and binding,the berries while they are greenc are cold and drie, but when they are ripe they are cold and moift : the berries are excellent good £0 coole the li¬ ver, the Hlcud and fpleene, or an hoc chollericke flomacke to refrefh and comfort the fainting fpirits, and to quench third : they are good alfo for other inflammations, yet it behoveth one to be cautelous, or rather to re- fraine them in a fever lead by their putrefying in the domacke, they encreafe the fits and caufe them to be the more fierce : the leaves and rootes boiled in wine and water and drunke, doe likewife code the liver and bloud, and a ([wage ail inflammations in rhe raines and bladder, provoketh urine, and allaieth the heate and fharpenefle thereof: the lame alfo being drunke daieth the blondy fiixe and womens courfes, and helpeih the dwellings of the fpleene : the water of the berries carefully diflilled, is a foveraigne remedy and corciiall in the palpitations of theheart, that is, the panting and beating of the heart, and is goodforthe overflowing of the gall, the yellow jaundife; the juyee dropped into foule ulcers, or they walhcd therewith or with the decodlion of theherbeand roote, doth wonderfully clenle them and he'pe to cure them. All lotions and gargles that are made for fore mouthes or ulcers therein, or in the privie parts, or elfe where arc made with the leaves and rootes hereof, which is good alfo to fallen loofe teeth, and to heale fpungie foule gummes: the fame alfo helpeth to flay catarthes or defluxions of rhclime into the mouth, throatc, teeth or eyes: the juyee or water is fingulergood for hot and red inflamed eyes, if fome thereof be dropped into them, or they bathed therewith, the (aid juyee or water is alfo of excellent propertie for all pu/hes, wheales, and other c- ruptions of hot and fharpe humours into thejface or hands, or other parts of the body to bath them there with,and helpeth to takeaway any redneffe in the face, and fpots or other deformities oftheskinne, and to make the skin deare 3. Fragaria Helvetica nana, Pwarfc Strawberries. TbeTheaterof Plants. : h a p. 17, 759 R I B E 6. and ftttbothsfsme nfe thereof to make a water for hot inflammations in the eyes,and to take away any fiime skin that beninneth to grow over them, or other defefts in them that any outward medicine can he pe in this limner: Take what quantide of Strawberries you pleafe,and put them into abraffeveffel, with a litr e fait ca t b on them, which being covered, let into a wine cellar for eight dayes, m which rime the berries will be diffol- rr,d into a greene water,which being cleared from thereft.keepe in a glaffe dole flopped to nfe when you needes. itfiroppe or two put into the eyes ferveth for the purpofe aforefaid : fome in mifliking both fait and brafle for the ■es, make a water both for the eyes and for the deformities in the skinne, be it mor phew, leprey, or the like in it]is manner: Into a large deftillaiory or body of glaffe, they put fo many Strawberries as they thmke meete for / icir ufc, if a few, the lefier glaffe body will ferve, which being well clofed, let it be let in a bed 01 hot horls u/ig for twelve or fourteene dayes, and after diddled carefully and the water kept for your ule. Chap. XvH- Chickwecde. Here are fo many forts of Chickweedes, feme chiefely growing in moift and watery places, others up¬ on driemountaincs, fome in the Fields, others m the Woods, fomeworthy ofonespaines to plant ina Garden, others of no filch refpeft that I muft feverre them, andintreate of fome in an other Claflis where they are fitteft to be fpoken of; you (hall therefore have thofe evpreffed in this Chapter,and the (jwo next that follow that I thinke Hit for this place. I. Alfa repens baccifera. Great fpreading Chickwecde. _ This great Chickwecde bringth forth many flexible branches full of joynts, fifing higher than a man n it frand iy bullies, or other things where it may take hold, ot'ncrwife through weakenelfe lying on the ground, it Icc- neth not fo long, at every of the joynts (land two leaves one againft the other,iomewhit like unto the ordinary 2 hickweedc leaves, but much larger, comming fomewhat neare unto thole of Pelletory of the wall, and of a Prefh greene colour :at the joynts jikewife on both fides of the ftalkes come forth other branches,j’oynted and let with leaves in the fame manner, and at the ends of them large greene round huskes ending in five points, with whole flowers growing out of them, confifting of five and fometimes of fixe w hijc leaves apeece cut in at the :nds, in which huskes after the flowers are paft ftand fmall round heads like berries, greene at the fir ft, and black- ifhwhen they are ripe, containing within them many flat blackifh purple feed : the roote is white and long creeping much under ground, and (hooting forth in divers places every yeare new fliootes, the old dying downe ; this hath no tafte,butherbye as the ordinary Chickweedes have, ana therefore is by the judgement every yeare; :,but herbye I. Alfine repcmbaccifera. Great fpreading Chickwecde# 1. Alftne maxima. The greateft Chickwecde. 760 Ch a P. I ], Theatrum c Botanicum. Tribe 6 Minor. of the bed Herbarifts referred untothem wr c ■ L c. n - , • 7 “-7-■ 2 Air •?“' ,f '^-' falthlthath . aftln,iln g a n |1 moft unpleafant tafte, - ftalkes, a foote high , doe, bearing two leaves ufually at a joynt Iaroerthen in anvnrhrr rW^ll.v,,, Aljke minor. The fmallcr Chickweedc. in any other that follow, butfomewhaTnaVoXtheS he former, ,r beareth plenty of white flowers, of fi" eaves a pcecc, (handing in long greene hushes, which containe likcwife the head or feede veflell, after the flowers are fallen,with fmall yellowilh Iccdc in them the roote is white and threddy like the reft, 3 5. Aifine major. Great Chickweede This great Chickweede is in all things hke the Iff} both mleale and flower, but (mailer, the (hikes hard not fully upright but doe a little bend downewards and needeth no other defeription to caule it to bee knotyne. There is another fort hereof differin'* in nothing elfe but the fmalncffe of the whole plant. * 4 • Alfine Batica. Spantjh Chickwcede. The Spamjh Chickweedc rifeth up very often with a (ingle upright rcddilh llalke, not branched at all, and iometimes with many,about a foote or more high full of joynts, at each whereof grow two fmooth and darke greene leaves, narrower then the Jaffa little broa¬ der at the bottome next the ftalkc, and fmall pointed at the ends, the middle ribbe on the backfide being lotr.ewhat great and railed up: the flowers (land at the ™ ny kt t0 § ethcrinhead s orhuskes 1 ke thole of SpmphpumpetrMm, of a purplifh colour • the rooreis fmall white and long. ' <. Alfine rehla triphjUos five laciniata, Vprighit Chickweede with jagged leaves. «! S i J1S i d Chickweede groweth upright, with a flalkc for the moft part branched into three or foure fmaller fprayes about a foote high, fet at the fiverall f oynts, with (mall long leaves, cut into three and fome- Part ,u C r en t0 the ™ ddle ribbe almoft > fo and upperffloft joynts,' confiffngo^ : the fiowers con,£ forl1 ' at the ropp: and (landing in fmall greenilh huskes, whereina'fterthe flovvers° m ■ aVCS ’ W ) th/omc threds mthe middk divided as It werr inrn Him nirtt i.._ r .. , vvt,J> and Handing in fmall greenifh huskes wh'-reimlrer rUp n F leaves, with lome threds in the middle divided as it were into two parts,wherein lye fmall whriff^eeH™ 7 lth<;rcd and g°" e > appeare fmall flat head fibres and perifheth every yeare after feedemnp and de " tb< i r , 00t£ ls . fn ? al1 ancl •ongi let with man e after feedetime,and fprin^th^againe of the feede* ffiat tithed! hedgefidesinourownLanff^rffcond'and^hffd'isijfnafly fouiid'in^rmft a^d 11 ^ ^' laVe /° rnC ^ mCS f °“? d “ b oftentimes and in many Other places, the fourth fid£s a " anions ruhhifli fnmpfim^r among rubbifh fomd^T ^ L ionnd ln : ^ 1* groweth in fiindry grounds and They flower about lane ,and their feede isripein/«/r. *** Chickweede is called in Greckeitar»oiW/Bi-o. r Latine, Diofcondes andfrom him rH»lJib.i 7 .cap 4’fafth^/ 7 ”'’ M '*’ & u J” bro f‘' loc ‘ l . *»*>, =nd Alfine alCo i Hvinp AlHsees /J, n.t Tl., C-ll * II J I _ _ ' " lie / 1 /ItJ norm —- A.. -..-.lombim rimy J,b i7 cap amnrojaleca amat, and Affine alfo it unde & Afire ditta. The fit!! is called by Cl H fit,s A/fine re 7 Z‘ {"’’T™ f »tdam Mpfotm appellant nafetmr in luci. tel calleth It Planta Alfines majoril facie bacci, S olani CacuLlu ^ — “ u ® ? by C « mcr ‘ ,riM and Dodenens, ho. tenfe to be Cacttbalttm. led by the falfe coppieof Diorconide, fome wollld tmke the SoUnum her. rally reported to be none of his worke, becaufe the confnfin^^f hhatllld ‘ ver L s names to herbes which is gene- one, Lobel in Adverfarijs calleth it A!fines majorisfacie cUnta taketb awa >' tbe knowledge of the true Cacubalttm Plmij ejuafimalefitttm. hnadanenfis Mo calleth ft r„ 7 S / ‘nr ^ malfis is A fine tacclfera : f 0 t they arc nothing fop rear nnrrhp IpptIp i,mVu;„ ,u— ... . 0 ltjaearethheads of feede fomewbat like it, yel JorofC^cranm^odo^ui, Lugdunenfis and others,and is called g r ^ the m ‘ and Hattkiniif altifftma ntmorum : the fourth is the Air™ nr a r> ^ * ?j nns C entunCH ^ viticuius cubitalibu Sjmpbytipetrti capitulis:^ he laft is called hv label A^r * ^ ^ ^ AttCa Clufiw which 'Bauhinui calleth Alfa •f fb i bc ™.iS b t referre it,divifftha C name accordffg m thefnrrnilrdtwltllJZl re ^‘'C^f a l M not knowing to wha . ,, . , . ---it.divifeth a name according to the forme of 7 ' , in 3 towhal & calleth it in his own language KW/cf same .• a / r, Q °'! :h e fingers ofones hand as he took it to be like herb be might referre it,divifcth: p2ln£l™ a c * r .»‘'»P°r>b‘H'or this other ofthat ki eth it to be an Elatine and calleiffit p 7 e . Up ° n S 1?£tb ,c the name of DaBylobotantm c kth A/fine tenuifolia altera fi nr terrefirUalte'ra trk’thf I s 1 ralie jt mean eth this plant which hee cal- - - rJtr " * ,ter * "■>“>?¥<”>, but not Laotna ffergaU as 2 lanhiam faith, for as all agre^ n cxruleo flore,Lugciunenjls mak- ftir st i b e 6. The Theater of TUnts. Ch,p. 18. , . U- A „,r rWrkweedes are of molt ufe, for the other of thefe forts are not applyed to any The fecond and third great Chick* h c u „ m ; s no i c ff e deadly to be eaten then the ule that I can learne, zAftah gooda- yj^ ^ f tbey have no alitingent quality m them ,Paula* aftnngent withall as fDiofcon tlaitn, , nr , nothing of the binding propertie, it ferveth therefore tor all iAlgineta and vftitis agree in the cooling, ^ , a nj temper the blood inflamed in Agues, of the heateof manner of heate whether inward or out war , an H toDrocure an appetite beingloft or become weake, and the ftomacke and live! breaking out into t e pp' , 5 ac k e an d ur ine. Galen and other fay that it hath the is ufed in Hefticke feavers, and it to bee as effeauall as Purflaine fame vertues that Pclletory °f the Wall hath, but wee have commonl^roun t^^ ^ ^ lyed . with to all the purpofes whereuntoit fervec excp' Liver and aB they drye to have frefh applyed doth clothes or fpunges dipped therein to S ijkewife is effeduall for all hotlmpoftumes and fwcllings wonderfully temper the heate of the Liver the Ume hkewile is ettettuai^ J h - wherefoever, S.i»c ftid^>hdi»eCrampes, Convulfi- by ther the jmcefimply ufed or f Med?n* S of much glsod ufe 4 all heate and onsand Palfies.applyedm the fam m • > as a if 0 i n to t he eates to eafe paines in them, and is of good redneflc ihTbe eyes to drop ^^ ^reof into them, as alio into the care ^ d for all jnes in the body effea to eafe the paines heate and foa tpc Mffiof theb 0 f man orwoman. or legs that rife ofheate.it is ufed alio in o > a Mill owes and trade into a Poultis with fenigreckand linfeede, or elfe where, the leaves boyled withiMrih and eaferh thd applyed to fwellingsor jmpoftum p ■ {hrunke b Crampes or other wife, and to exten d them paines; the fame alfo helpetn tne aineweswucn uy , . : : bovling with Oyle or Axttneia to and make them plyable againe s tt is ay y om fineerthey fhall take no harme there- make a falve fit toheale lore Legs that a Sinew is flrayned here is a Cha?. XVIII. Alfine Montana- Mountaine Chickweede; Nother fort of Chick weede groweth upon hills moftufually, whereof fome are greater, and others fmaller.ofwhom in this Chapter and nrft of the greater. u u j. M„ emon tanabeileraceamitximaColttmna. CWk»m« his great Ivie leafed[Chickweede. Thisoteat Chickweede groweth up with upright ftalkes, yet lomcwhat bowing downe againe ..^ wirh the lower branches fet at each Joynt with two fomewhat large leaves, waved about the ed- ges7and ^it were crumpled and hairy, fomewhat like unto the cutld fallow, bemg two inches broad and three long refembling long Ivie leaves or great Bmdcweede rather, (landing upon long foote ftalkes. the flow¬ ers Hand ft the ends of the branches, confiding of five white leaves fo deepely cut in at the middle^at they feeme to be ten, rifing out of the greene huskes, wherein after the flowers are paft -groweth along round feede veffell cornered or crefted with a fmall fpire top, ending in a fmall pricke, wherein lye flore of fmall leede . the tootc confiftethof fome long firings with fibres let at them. . r Z. Alftne HederaU folio m jor Lobcly. Lohrl his greater ground Ivie leafed Chickweede. The Greater ground Ivie leafed Chickweede hath fundry almofl round leaves next the ground, dented or cut in on the aloes, making them feeme fomewhat like Ale-hoofc or ground Ivie leaves and their feede doth ripen quickly after, both ripe feede and flowers, may at one time be gather red from many of them. J The Names. Our Garden Borrage is called by the Sreekes.as Pliny faith, Euphrofiaeab efciendavoluptate and by the judgement of the beft of our moderne Writers is the true ; g«yx*.rj>- of the ancients, moll cruely imitating an oxe or neates tongue,which is Lsngua bubula or Bovina,^i t :> it. feemed it was called by Catomlibek re rufHca&c 40. when he advifeth to take a leafeor a branch of Imgua bubula to cover a ftocke when it is grafted, to keepe away the raine from abiding in the cleft, for which purpole thele leaves of Borrage being broader than thofe of Bugloffe is more fit. Apuletus faith, that Bughfum (meaning our Borrage) was called by them of Luca, Corral* auod cordis afcBibus medetur, which by the alteration of one letter is farrago, Sc from thence I think came the nine of Barrage, which is not lonnd in any of the ancient Writers. Our Buglofle is called by feme Buglofiu and Buglefum by moll,yet fome doe call it Bugle fum Hiffimam and Itahcum. It were an adyife not to be con- temnedt that our Borrage fliould be ufed lor Bugle fum ,where it is appointed in any medicine,efpec,ally m Syrup* By antin', for if the juyee of our Buglofle betaken to make it, the juyee isifo_ flume that it will never make a good fyrrupe as it ought to be.unleffe that after the brufing of the herbe itbe fet in a ce.ler or cold place before the iuvee be preffed, The firft here expreffed is called by Fuchfius and and from them iLugdunenfu Cirfium Germanic™, for they did account all the forts ofBugloffe to be Cirfia or Echta »sTragus dothalfo, and calleth this BmU fa minor, Fmhfm likewife calleth it Echium lanugimfum prmum.Gefiur whom calleth it Bug/.fus minor and Lugdunenfi, Buglofumminusfativum. Label, as I f.id in the defet,priori, calleth that fort with red flowers, which is a Ipecies hereof Echij facie Buglofum minimum, and thereupon Buubmm calleth it Bugolfum uneufiifilium minus .-the fecond Matthialus calleth Bughfum fylvefire pndalterum flare nigro-Thaltus Bugle ft fylveSiisniara, and Bauhinus thereupon Bughfum fylvefire majus nigrunr .the third ,s called by ’Dodonsus Bug cfa /ylveSris and frutkofa, and Lycoffi, fylvefiri ,; by L'bel Bughfum err ana,m afbernmEchioides, by Fuchfius Echsum Germanicum fpinofum, it is the Bor r ago fylvefiri, of Tragus,md called by Baukuus Bughfumfylveftremmu : the fourth is called by Tragus Bughfafylvefiri,, by honkers « Lycopfis, by Cords,, in kflona Auchuaminar by Lugdu- nenfis Bughfum fyvefre minis, and by Bauhinm Bugleffumfyvcltre minus alterum and is likely to be the Cyno- olofum of Tragus and Euchfim, for that it was formerly ufed among the Germane, for Cynoglofum ,and is called Anchufa alteraoiCordu, upon Viofcorides, the fife hath notbeene related by any before : the (ixt is called by Label AMum Germanicum Schioides, by Thalius Buglofa fylvefiri, fpecies, and taken by Tabermentmnu and others to be the A par ine mayor Vlini ]: but Csfalpinus calleth it Crucial* quedam, and in his ‘Dutch Booke Afperug* (huria- Columna Barrage minorfilvefiris, and Bauhinus Bughgumfylvefire cautibm procumbembm-. the laft is called L LobelSjmphylumpumilumrepen, Borraginkfacie, feu Barrage mimmaherbartorum.sAihKh Bauknus put- teth among the Sjmphna, and calleth it Symphitum minus Borrapnu face. The Arabians call die Borrage and Bugloffe Lefen artbaer, the Italians Boragine and Bugle fa, the French Borache and Buglofe, the German's Buerres and Ochfenrjtnrrhe, the Dutch Bernesge and Ofentonghen, The Vert net. Becaufe I was fobriefe in my former booke in fetting downe die properties of the Garden Borrage and Bu- gloffe, I thinke it convenient to expatiate their vertaes under thefewilde forts. T he G arden kindesare tem pe¬ rate and accounted rather hot and moyft in the firft degree then cold,and yet for their cordiall porpert.es are of ten ufed amon° other cold herbes as conducing to the like effeft. Viofcorides appropriated, them with oyle agamft Erifypilas or Saint Anthonies fire, and to cure greene wounds; The leaves or rootes are to very good purpofe ufed in all putrid or peftilentiaU Feavers, to defend the heart, and to helpe to refill and expell the poifon or the ye- nome of other creatures: the feede is of the like effea and alfo helpeth Nurfes to have more (lore of mdke, for which purpole the leaves are much conducing : the leaves,flowers and feede, all of them or any of them are very cordiall and helpe to expell penfiveneffe and melancholic, that arifeth without mamfeft caufe, whereof carry the laving eaoBorraaogaudiafemper ago, and as I fayd before called Corrago : it helpeth alfo toclarifie the blood and mitigatethe heate in feavers t the juice made into a Syrupe prevailed, much to all the parpofes a fore la,d, and is alfo put with other cooling opening and clenfing herbes to open obftruiftions.and to helpe the yellow laundies.t o coole and clenfe the blood and temper the heate and ftiarpencfic thereof, efpecially with Fumitory and thereby to helpe the Itch, Ringwormes 01: Tetters or other fpreading fcabbes or fores thatanfe from aduft and^fliarpe 7 6 7. 7^8 Chap. 21, Tkeatrum Botanicum , ---- Tribe#, i maT r3 fv! d n r that P Ur P of = is P ut int0 ' h f S ^t M . *)***ti* w , which worketb to the fame effeft: the Conferee Tnd f ?r R °ur tS, 0 u r tb u fl T" S CJndldare helpmg alfo in all thofc caufcs.but are chiefely ufed as a CoSl “j t f od , for th ° f ! that have beene long ficke and feeble or ina Cofumption, to comfort the heart and fm'nr!’ and thereby good for thofe that are troubled with often fwaunings or paffions of the heart. The deflillprf A 5 s no leffe effaftuall to all the purpofes aforefayd ; and the eyes wafhed therewith helpeth the redneffe and infia ' C matrons ofthem: the dryedherbe is never uled but the greene, yet the alhes thereof boyled in mede or hon£!i water is available agamft inflammations and Vlcers in the mouth or throate, to wafh and gargle it tYm? Fhvfile root , es ,°, f r Bu S | o f fc are much more clammy and glewilh then of Botrageand therefore by fome »nnd I h) fitrons not held fo convenient to be ufed in.opening decoftions : for it is thought by the tenacious mur a™ f" t H Cm,tllC J' rath 7 hcl P e t0 binde t!lcn °P en obftruftions.but may be effeauall in a Lohoc or lickim Elt J,Z the T^ a " dt0 helpe t0 condenfate thin flegmeand rheumaticke dcftillations upon the lungs Ihcii o her forts of wilde Borrage or Bugloffe are fomewhat hotter and dryer, and are very neare unto the prope'rtre nf f £7 v.pers Bugloffe whofe Vertues I (hall not neede here to reiterate. Ifhall rather re erre yo To htdr Chapter to be informed in the particulars thereof. y t0 thclt Chap. XXI. Cucurbit a. Gourdes. 4 H ere } s lo S reat a '‘keneffe of Gourdes, Melons or Pompions, Muskemelons, Cowcumbers, and Ci egg,, trI " dles ? ne unt ° ano:h£l ;r both in their manner of growing, and qualitie of coolinp, that the ancil ent V rcckes ’ and others have much confounded them togciher, yet they dee each"notably differre CgsC one from another, both in the for-ae of their finite and leede, befidestheir fife and colour. Ihave n n m my former Booke let forth thelbrts, Loth of Muskerncions, and garden Cowcumbers, whereof I 1 not neede to fpeake agame hei e, alth up, 11 may give you fome of their figures : of the wild Cowcumfccr as aho of the wi deor bitter Gourde called Cohcjxthj,, I have fpoken in the fccond Claflis of this Worke before • diveys forts of Gourdes- remaine tube entreated of, whereof the Pompion is a peculiar kinde, and having fpoken -,T e r - ga T d f n tficrrcrof s,;o in nn former Booke, I entend not to repeate it againe, hnt of fome'’ ftran«e Wnde kind';I mult here comprehend unoer the Gourds, although their (eedes dee differ Citr«Hi Citrrdh which are accounted by di ers^to be kn , e- f Cowcumbers, but I doe rather teferre them alfo to the Gourds, bccaufe their uiedes have hard (bells, luch as neither Melons not Cowcumbers have, which two are of fo neare afiimrie that then feede is very hardly diftrnguifhed. Of CitrullesI (liall enrreatein the next Chapter,and of the Gourds in this,and vyrth them fome fuch flrange frnites as have come to our light or knowledge from forraine parts.where¬ of we rookethefigures, and that after I have given you fome of their deferiptions to Cave many repetitions, i. Cucurbit a l agcMria major . The greater bottle Gourde; This great Gourd groweth as all other of thefe kinds of herbes do,fpreading many great,rough and hairy armes and branches,with feverall great and broad leaves,foft and almoll round,yet pointed at the ends, and fometimes dented about the edges fee upon long footeftalkes and long clafping tendrills like a vihe, fet at other ioynts whereby it climeth, taking bold and winding it felfe about whatfoever poles,atbours,trees or other things tlrt ltand next unto lt.orelle not having whereon to clime and raife it felfe, itlyethc, the ground fpieadin° agreat comp j He as the Pompion doth,at the feverall j’oynts likewife with the leaves come forth feverall flowers in the ame manner as Pompions,Cowcumbers or Melons aoe ; but are very large hollow bells ending in five points or corners with a round greene head under each ofthem that will beare fruit,for many flowers wither and bearc no fruit, not having that round greene head under the flowers which ihould grow to be the fruit and v II be full a„d ready to come forwards with the fhort ftiffe ftalke under it, the colour of the flowers arc either wbi,e, orpale white,or pale yellow,the fruit when it is ripe hath an hard outer rind or fhell,ytllowili,,!ar..<- and round bellied flat at the bottome 1 ike unto a bottle and f mailer up to thenecke, above which is a fmall round formed head’ u icreunto theflaikeis fanned, and fometimes without any mull head, being pendulous or hanging downe not [landing forth or upright, within which fruit lye difpe. fedly many fcedcs, having fmooth hard wooddy , 1 ells, flat and broad at the upper end or head, and fomewhat pointed below, wherein Ivcrh a fweite white the firft f'fl r ° 0Ce conddctb man y l° n S Stings fpreading much within tire ground but perilheth ufiially with . a. CucurbitAlagcnaria minor. The leffer bottle Gourd. This differeth from the former in nothing but that it is fmaller in every part as well leaves (hikes flowers as fruit, which is of the lame forme but fmaller. ;. Ciicnrbita lonaa. The long Gourd. This Gourd alfo differeth little but in the fruit and feede from the former,for the fruite groweth Ion" and lornetnnes crooked oi bending like a home, almoff of an equall fife all the length which in fome places grow¬ er to be of an incredible length, efpecially when thefruithangethdowne from fome high place, otherwife ly¬ ing on theground.it never atrameth to hahe that length, whofe outer Rinde is vellowiflr in the hotter climates a> the other fort is,but with us whitrlh.and feede therein,fomewhat whitifh with us,and not fo broad at the head nor lo hard. * . 4 ; Cttcnrbitacljfeiformiifive lacin'uita. The Buckler or Simnell Gourd. There is a mamfeft difference not onely in the fruite of this Gourd from the reft but in the manner of growing alio,tor it groweth upright with great hollow rough hairy crefted flalkes, to the height of three cubites, and runnetn not along on the ground as the reft, having greater leaves rough and hairy fet thereon, of a fad greene co our,and more cut m or divided on the edges: the flowers are bell fnfliion like the others, ofa faint yellowilh colour Itandmg upon the head of the frurte which growing to ripenefle is fomewhat big and round toward the italkc but flat forewards.witha crumpled verge or brim, fomewhat cut in or endented, and thinner there then in any other place,the forme doth much refemble thofc fodden baked cakes that are made in Lent time which wee call f r i b e 6. The Theater of Tlants. Chap*?.!, 4. Cucuibita Clypeiformii •uetruco/i & Auguria J&gyptiaca. tfhe Simncll and die rugged Gourd, And the Egyptian Citrull or watery Million. Cucurbit e lndicte^Omlis^yriformh ftr fere rotundta. Indian G©urds,Oval!,Peare falhion,and almoft round. cali Simnells, which thereupon I have fo cntituled, or elfe Bucklers as others do thinke which you pleafe: the pulpe or meatc within is firme&cutteth like an Apple,withouc . • - any hollownefle in the middle but where the feede lyeth> which is fomewhat like unto the Kernell or an Apple, but greaterjbroader,and flatter at the head. 5. Cucurbita verrncsfa. Rugged Gourds. The difference herein conflfteth oncly in the round fruit, whofe fhell or barke is not fmooth as in others, but tugged,let as it were with knobbes and warts. -* - y g Cucurbisx 77 o Chap.21, Tkeatmn Botanicum Tribe 6 , 6 . Cucurbit* hyemales. Warner Gourds or Millions. Thefe Gourds differ little in forme of growing from the other forts before mentioned hut in the matnritie an j durability of their fruite : for there ate of them that are greater then others, and of different colours, as f ome yellow others greene or of other colours: but all ofthem doe ripen later.and doe better endure the firft approach of Winter then the others.for they are not full ripe and fit to be eaten before they are hung up in a Chamber after they be gathered. 7. Cucurbit* Indict rotunds & diverJiformes. Round Indian Gourds, or Millions,or Pom pions.and of other formes. There is very great variede of thefe Gourds (or Millions as fome call them, or Pompions, as I may call fome of them) that come out of America or the Vied-ladies, from fundry places, both farther South among the Spani/b Colonies,and nearer hand in our owne of Virginia, Nexr-Lngland,&c. Some whereof in their forme are as round as long, fome longer like a Peare, fome more long then round, and fomeflatatthebottome : fome alfoas great as our Pompions, fome as fmall as an Apple, and fome of divers other fifes, meaner or greater or leffer, iom e with much moyfture or waterthatis very fweeteand pleafant in them, and fome having little or no mcate, or moyfture: fome againe dilcoloured on the outfide, greene, with whitifh or yellowifh (tripes in them,or fpotted ib finely that they give great delight to behold them, fomealfo reddifh fpotted or taped, and fome ofadeepe’ yellow colour, the (eedes in th.felikewife are variable in divers, fome more like unto the ordinary Gourd feed, but blacker or browner, or red, in others white, either like the long Gourd, or like to our Pompions, yet few Co large as our Pompion, and others as lmall almoft as the Cowcumber feed e, fothatto give you an ample de¬ claration ofevery one of them were a worke of curiolitie, and of more travell then profit, and therefore 1 mud leave it for them that can intend it,and will gather them all together and publifh filch a pecce, I mult convert my pen to other parts which I hope fir'll proove more beneficiall to the Commonwealth. Divers other forts of Gourds or Millions, or Pompions, or whatfoever elie you pleafe to call them, are grow- ing and have beetle brought us from fundry places, both Syria and the Eaff Indies differing from many here ex- preffed, fome being as red as blood both within and without, and much pleafanter in eating then in any of thefe Countries, whereof to write more largely were almofl fuperfluous, the diverfitie being fo great that we yeare- Iy almofl fee fome fort not before feer.e of us,and therefore who fo will may quote thole they like in the margent or end hereof. The Place. All thefe Gourds arc Grangers and brought fromfeverall places ,fome out of the Levant ,as rAEgypt, Syria, ctre. others as I faid before out of America,both further off and neater to us, as in Virginia,&c. The Time. They are all to be planted of the feede in the Spring, and in very good ground that muff not wantplcnty of moyfture.orelfe the heateof our owne Country will not ferve to ripen them. The Names. The Gourde is called in Grecke Motors* or xoaoitwS* Colocyntha ednlis, to fliew the difference from the other iwDjcmSjf or ■/s.i.oyj..Z'a. ddyot ezdiaioad Are or the figures both of fome forts of Cowcumbers and M uske Melons alfo. , . ,. r. Angur'M five CitruHM vulgatior. The ordinary Citrull or Turkic Million, This kinde of Million groweth like as other [Melons and Cowcumbers doe with rough trailing branches, the leaves whereof are hairy,longer and narrower than in any other, and more divided into levcrall parts, and hath lmall clalpers and yellow flowers, but the fruit is greater than a Melon, fome what neare the faflrion of a Pom- pion, withaftnootn greemfhbarke_vvhich will change yellow by time, having foine ribbes thereon, the meats V u u * 'I "V ' or STribe 6. The Theater of Tlants „ Chap. 23. 773 • n „ (T.hOance is waterifbjip feme fweete, ir. others a little tarte or feure, the feede whereof is fmaller, roun¬ der blacker and harder fhelled than thole of the Gourd, the roote fpreadeth and dieth like the reft. - 1 2 jnguria Americana verjlcolore pelle. The difcoloured /»&«» Millioh. This other fort of Million varieth little from the former in growing, leaves or flowers, in the fruit is the chiefeft difference which is as great as a middle fifed Pompionwith adifcoloured barite very variably fpottcd an d ftrfeed with white fpots and markes upon thegteene, the inner fubftance whereof is waterifh, yet feme- what firmer than ofthe former, and,will keepe lound for a good while after it is ripe and gathered, as the others alfo will the feede within this is like the other, but longer, greater, redder, and more fmooth and fhiping. ' 3. Angaria eAEgyptiac*. £^;pr;-i«Citrulls or Millions. Some of thefe Egyptian fruites are greater than others, even fo great as Bellmius faith thatfoure or fixe will loade a earned, and one a man; the outer rinde being yellow, the inner meate or fubftance very little and almoft * wa _ .. - m. __ ..t,-#. in ,rrsr ,t mfirn riPlirPii onrl nriml/f* nir _ have'eivenyou the figure ofthisfruit in the former tripartite table in the foregoing Chapter. 4 Anguriacarne lignofa. Hard or Wooddy Millions. Cafalpinus maketh mention of this fort as of a kinde of Cow cumber ( for fo the IMans doe call thefe forts of fruits that growing wilde or manured in other countries are nurfed upm Italy for delight and ramie) whofe fruite is fo hard and wooddy, that it will not breake being let fall upon the ground, but will rebound againe like a ball that is let fall: Hereof I have no further knowledge than his relation, that is, teftufide d,gn K1 . The ‘Place. The firft groweth generally throughout Titrkie, and fo likewife in all Italy and many other hot countries, 1 Where they doe account it for their bell of Cowcumbersthefecond was given me among others rarities that came out of America or the Weft Indies the third is natnrall to Egypt, as P'ofrer Alpmus faith in his Booke of Egyptian plants; and Bellamys in his fecond Booke of Obfervations, and 75. Chapter: the laft is not knovvne or not mentioned where it is natutall. The Time. They flower and beare their fruit about the fame feafon that the others doe, 1 The Names. It is thought by divers thatthis kinde of ftuit was not knowne to the ancient 6reeke or latine Writers, and that er£tim did firft make it knowne by the name of . 4 »g«ri«j,from whom CMatthio/us and others doe ca! 1 it: o- thers doe fuppofe that it is the Pepo of Diofcondis, Galen, and Pliny ; but J thmkc it not amiflc here to relate the words otGalcnin 8. )mpl. medicament. VniverfaPeponumnattirafrigidior, cum larga lumiditate exijlit : fed ha. tent quoque quandam abBergendimm : atqui (JUelopeponts minus humidi, quam Peponesfunt • by which words one may more than halfe gheffe which of thefe forts of fruites come neareft unto Peps, and CMelopepo of Galen, and thofe of his time, unlcffe our climate alter their fubftance or propertie. It is generally called Citmlrn or Citrullus .« citreo colore & forma,ondCncumii Citrullus by divers, todiftinguifh it from the other Cowcumber. In the Chapter before you have Pliny alledged to account the Cowcumbers that grow; over great, to be called ‘Pepones; and here you have that thefe f'itrulls be accounted Cucumeres as Cafalpinus and all Italy over doe account them commonly: fo that you fee how various mens opinions are inthefe forts of fruites, none knowing direftly which of them is mod: truely the Pepo or Adelopepo of the ancients, nor which is their Citrulls, whether this that beareth that name as the Italians take it, or our ordinary Cucamis commonly fo called writhus Alpinys inhiaBooke of Egyptian plants, faith, thdt the Egyptians have divers of thefe forts of Citrulls differing one from another which they diftinguifh by the fevetall names oiChate , Abdolavi,Chajar ctrc. Of rhe Arabians it is called Batec, and Ba— techet , and as it is thought is the Dulhaha of Serapio ; but Bellamys, in the place before alleagcd, faith, that the Egyptians call it Copotis, and that Angaria fignifieth a Cowcumber, and is not this plant: of the Italians Cecomero and Angoria ; ofthe Spaniards Cogombro, of the French CitrouUes, of the high and low Dutch following the latine name Citrullus, and fo wee in Englijb ; as alfo Turkic Million or Cowcumber, Lecaufe that others doe call it Cucumis Ttircicus, The Venues , The Citrull is of the fame temperature with the (gourde, that is, cold and moift: the feede is moll of ufe in the Apothecaries fhoppes, and reckoned one of the foure greater cold feedes, being ufed as (gourdes, Millions, and Cowcumbers to coole the heate of the fits of agues, and the diftemperature of the liver and blond, to quench third", and to take away the drineffe and roughnefle of the tongue caufed thereby, and is as available for the' ftonc, the heate of the raines, and the fharpeneffe and flopping of urine as any of the reft. It is thought more convenient for macilent bodies, and that are growne feeble and weake by long fickneffe, in regard of the greater fweetneffe more than in the Gourde, as aforefaid : and generally both leaves, branches, ;uyce and dilfilled water hereof, is as effeflually applied for all thofe difeafes that the Gourdes before mentioned are, and therefore neede not againe be repeated. I (hall referre you to the Chapter going before for the reft. Chii. XXIII. Intubacea plant*. Endive or Succory like herbes or plants, (Nder this generall name of Planta Intubates. Succory like herbes, is comprehended Id great a varietie, that toexpreffe them in feme methodicall manner, I muft diftribute them into, feverall Chaptersundcr their principall heads or titles, whereunto they are to be referred, which are, Endivia, Cichoriuw, ‘Dens Leonis, ChondriSa, Soxchtu, Lampfana, Hieracium, Lacluca, Senetio, and Iacobsta • of feme of which I have fpoken both in my former Booke, namely of all the forts of Garden Letcice, and in this Worke of gll the forts of Iacobaa and Senetio, Eirftthen tobeginne with Endive, the kindes whereof alfo I have (lie wed '• ' ’ yuu 3; " " ' 774 Cm a P. 23. Tbeatrm ‘Botanicum . T R I B & 6*, Endivia fativu . Carden Endive* Imiuifit/e Endivia rnttor mgiftifctis. Small Garden Endive. you in my former Booke, and thcrefori I will make no further delcription of them.but give you the figure ofthe merlj Xhfved”nd?’ * W bw witha11 fet out the Vmuesof th ™ more * a nfor- ^'7'“ minor Mgujiifilu, Small garden Endive. Th is fmall Endive hath many very long leaves lying on the ground, narrower than the firfi garden Endive, and “ at n ° re blt rn r '• r n e ke 15 fle c nd erer.more lull ol branches, and lower than the other, bearing at the tops Sai WBI ‘ lecotam01,Endlve > attcr which follow the like feeds aUn, a’nd the route periling fn . . The Place . This IS onely plaited in Gardens, as well beyond the leas as in our country as the other forts are. The Time, Itflowreth .„d periflieth with the other forts if it be fowen in theSpring, but if atMidfommerit will then abide the beginning of Winter, and will well ferve robe ufed as the others be W,il C ° The Names , thereforehnrhr'he % Ta 2 Z or Sntnbnm,doth denominate as well Endive as Succory,and therefore both they and the kinds therof are called after the Greek-SWer,or htubacc* after the Latin -.Diofcoridfs maketh two kindes of *r»r,the one tame,the other wilde.and of ea h two forts,of the tame,he faith the one hath otheTALi'■ ° Ur ordlnar y8 Jrc * en kind,and called by Matthidw htubm major, and of ler f rrrh hu the LLp ™ ’ the ( °fJ ie £ cn a narrow lea fe> and is fomewhat bitter in tafte,which is this Endive here let forth by the judgement of the beftmoderne writers, and i< called by Matthtolw Jntubw ^Endivia miner by JZZlTr l hme f a,ter ’ by G flAuburn Mgrtflifolittm Scar,da *lip.b w ■ by ClnBm in bifiora ZdwrZZZrZ™” 1 ; \ l ■' S ‘ ruU u aK ! BtfivkU, who faith that the name of *W-iven t0 this fore whewf-L er c corr . u P tlon °! the times, which fhould have beene called Serial* r *f, r *rv* Seri,, and there- ftd Endive is call 7h a j’ P ? lntcd ' n an , v 7 lcd ‘ cm f\ this fjrt 01 Endive is intendedthereby and fhould be u- ZdMaZll Z a °e r ****■ 7 the Mim ‘ Sndiv < ««<* &»B ki ” d <= bvth z French Frd '~ ’ t, f lcca ie ® ftioppesbeyond the feas Scariola domestic* ) by the Spaniard, gn&ivi* ZlllEnZt ’ y ' " by thc DU Chap. KXIIH. r , F the Succories there are many forts,lome accounted tame or of the Garden, othen wilde or of ths fields,&c. of the mofl ufuall Garden kinde I have fpokeri'm my former booke, andof the other forts I am to entreate here, but becaufe I fhould pefter one place too much to fet them forth all in ! one Chapter,I mull handle them feverally, and fpeake of thofc kinds of Succory here in this Chapter 'that beare blew flowers or come neareft the Garden kinde and of others that bears yellow flowers ! The red flowred Succory is in the long leaves a little more divided on the edges in the tall and high round iftalkes in the forme of the flowers and feede and in the long white roote, abiding yearely like unto the Gar- den Succory, the onely difference hereof confifteth in the colour of the flowers, which in this are of a pale red delayed colour, which will degenerate as I have often obferved in my Garden, turning to bee blew,I means l, f - rkt* wrLanH nnr t-he fame nlantsthat have borne red flowers. (ides even to the middle ribbe ending in a point, fometimes it is found to have a red rikb? or veynedowneth? middle of the leaves, from among which tifeth up a hard round wooddy (bike fpreading into many branches, fet with fmaller and lefler divided leaves on them up to the toppes, where (land the flowers, both for forme and colour like unto the Garden kinde that href a blew colour, after which come the feede like thereunto alfo i ths roote is white but more hard and wooddy theaehc other : the whole plant is exceeding bitter. 3. Cicboriamfpim/umCr:ticam. Thorny Succory of C™dy. This Thorny Succory hath the lower leaves next the ground fomewhat long and narrow, cut in fomewhac roundly on the edges like the ordinary Succory into many Abort not deepe cuts; the crefted grecne ftalke that ri 3 ciiborium fativumiul^tre. Ordinary Garden Succory, 1. C ichor turn fativum florc rubcllo. Garden Succory wiih red flowers. fetrj . V. > t ■' i fcth from among them is hard and wooddy, fpreading many filch like branches from the very bottome all aboiit^ making it l'eeme a round bufh fee with many narrower leaves,and without any cut or divifion on the edges which quickly fall away leaving the ftafkes bare or naked,and each branch ending in one, two, or three fometimes long forked thomesiat the joynts with theleaves, which towards the toppes abide a little longer, come forth fmall fcaly huskes, and out of them the flowers which are made of five leaves a pecce broade at the ends, and cut into twoorthee dents ofablewifh colour like unto Succory with fome yellow' threds in the middlcithe feede that followeth is like the ordinary fort, and fo is the roote, but fomewhat thicker and (hotter, andabideshas the Succory doth. The Place. The firftfort is found wilde in fome places of Italy from whence I had the feede, and the white one in Germany the fecond is found in many places of our Land in wafle, untiUed,and barren fields; the third by the Sea coafls and other fandy grounds in Candy, , The Time. The two firfi: forts flower in the time that the other common fort doth, but the lafl not untill Atiguft, and hardly then,lo that in our Country it doth give uo feede, neither will well indure our Winters. The Names. inGreekeas Ifaid before in the laft Chapter,and Intuburn'm Latinedoc fignific Succory as well as Endive, and the wild fort of Succory is called oita emteit/eris fieri] bccaufe it is more bitter then the reft. Some take Hie- rac'utm and fome Laftttca [y faeflis to bee Sera or lntubttm fyhefire , but Matthiolm contefteth againft them, in Latine alio Cicheriumfjlvefire. Pliny lib.cap. 8 faith that this Intnbum fylvejlre or Picril or (,'ichorium erratic cam was called by fome in his time Ambugta, but Celfw and fome truer copies have Ambubeia, Tbecphrajlws cailcib it erydey n; tuyjtaxn Her ace hath Ctchorcum or Cichorea, where he faith, eJMc pafeunt Olive, Me Cichoreajevcjqtte Malva. Trag w alfo hath Cichored. Of the firfl with red flower; I finde Tragus (to note one that hath par lira candidum pdrtim rofeam flcrsm ar.d from him Batthinns) to make mention,and Thalitu in Harcyniafylva of that with white flowers: the fecond is called by l,obel Serispicris,Cichoriit & Serfs [ylveflris, by Gefner lntubttm fylvejlre xndCichorittmfylvefire ,and agrejle by Lord, cerm, by Lugdnntnfs Hypocherie T)alechampi], whereof Theophrajfus maketh mention in his feventh Book and 11’ Chap.among the Jicheriacea, which G«aruntowardly tranflateth PorceUiaJBrunfel/ius calleth it Sofcqmum, and Gerard purceth the figure hereof nnder the title of Hieracium latifoliumflnd Earth:nets noteth it: the third was firfl mentioned by HmoriusTScIhu in his fourth Epiftle to Clt/fnis by the name of Cichoriumfpiuofum, and S camnagati idefi. Hydrin fpina by the Cretans : Clufius in his hiftory of Plants calleth it CbonttriUa elegans gems fare certtlce, and afterwards both by Pona'm his Italian defeription of Mount Baidas, and by Bauhirius in his CMatthiolw and fradromtts CichoriumJJmofum ^reticum t the Italians call Succory Girafole^adicchio^ceritsla and Cicorea, and the wilde TheTbeater of ‘Plants. Cha.p. 25I 777 f R X B E 6 . _ __ viide kinde Cicoreafalvatie* : the Spaniards p4 Imenera and Cicoria faivaya, the French Cichoree [anvage, by the jermuHS rvetwant by the DutchCichorrej, and by us in £ng!ijh Succory,and wilde Succory. 4 The tfcrtues. , n« Garden Succory as it is bitteris more dry and leffe cold then Endive, and thereby more opening alio. An hand, iill of the leaves or rootes hereof boyled in wine or water, and a draught thereof drunke falling driveth forth i| hollericke and flegmaticke humors : the fame alfo openeth the obftruiftions of the Liver, Gall,and Spleene, and! ielpeth the Yellow Iaundies, the heate of the Reines and of the V rine, the Dropfie alio, and thofe that have an *vill difpofition in their bodies by long fickneffe,evill dyet.fkc.whlch difeafe the Greekes call Bwfi* Cachexia, a decoftion thereof made with wine and drunk is very effecTuall againlt long lingering n gucsiand a dramme of the Meede in powder drUnke in wine,before the fit of an Ague doth helpe to drive it away, the diftiiled water of tha herbe and flowers performeth the fame properties aforefaid, and is efpeciall good for hot ftamacksjand in Agues either pelfilentiall or of long continuance,and for fwoundings and paffions of the heart,for the heate and headach in children.and to temper the diftemperature of the blood and Liver :thc laid water, or the juice or .the bruifed leaves applycd outwardly allayeth tumors,inflammations, S.Anthomes firejpufhes.wheales and pimples,especially ufed with a little Vinegar, as alfo to wafh peftiferous fores: the faid water is very cffetfuall for, lore ey is, that are inflamed or have any redneffein them,and tor Nurfes fore breads that are pained bv the aboundance of milke. The wild Succory as it is more bitter,fo it is more ftrengthning to the ftomack and Liver. : Uflu ;•# Chi p. XXV. Pfeiide-cichmafive Cishoriafylvejlriafloribtu foteiu Ballard or wilde Succory with yellow flowers.’ Here are divers other herbes which are accounted kindesof wilde Succory for their neare icfem-, blan.ee in forme but not in qualitie thereunto, fome whereof (hall be let forth in this Chapter, efpe- cially fuchasbearethetitleofCicWiwwSuccory : Lor the Dens Levr.i,X>andeUan-mi the fWrifi, | Gum Spccory that be kinds of Succory alfo fo like unto it, that many have miftaken the one for the other fhall follow in their order. I. Cichoriumpratenfelatum ajperum. Rough yellow field Succory. This rough yellow Spccory hath longer and tougher leaves then thofe of the former wilde Succory, in one fort with few or no cuts at all, in others like unto it with deepe cuts and divifions: theftalkes grow to bee three, or f oure f oote high, rough and crelled, divided into fundry branches with fmaller leaves on them, and leffe jag¬ ged bearing fmail yellow flowers like unco an Hawkcweede, at the ends of every ore, which when they are ripe turne into downe.with a fmail lpngyellowifh feede faftned thereat, and are both carried away with the windes the roote is hard, rough and unprofitable. K" 1 I 778 Ch A P t 2 ^i Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. 'i R I B £ I*. : Th,V , 1 , ,, c 2 - Smooth yellow Succory ched, the Icives thereon are leffe cut in, and up hiaheXle or nothin^ nr a IN f h P hl S h " OT ,^e to mud, h r ™ h 0 k P e P tho°fe th [n ran d h r are ( g rea *f lr > and , the fl o«er s d lat fprLg out of dim aclarncf andmof^d ft r and at •« Ofthis laft kink wKM SuC “ r 5’- S As ht a "A C/»j!w judgement, as herecordeth it in his C»r* Pofi'Jiores differed Z^man^r'^ mine laft but in growmg leffe in every part. WhyBtuhwm (hould make this a Dm r"VH y , tl,ng fronitl >c KSS^Sa, m others fmooth and more divided of a fliininn li° iomewhat hairy or rouoh bladder out of which in the Spring^*op^SSSl fa m,dd!e TT* S^we^h a skTny andcretled, fet withIdler divided butnrorrera. dhroXi! P ‘, d , ln o L m ? n y benches, fomewhatrouah' of the skinny bladder doc the Bowers breake forth mTn. £ £ ien , thofe b f lo w, at the toppe whereof out outofa longgreenchuske like unto thofe ofHawkeweedTand ronfiftofma 63 ^“ 1 ?°" . a /? ot£ftallie > eachrifing phih underneath withfundry thredsasa thrummein the middle whir’n rnr n W c ° WI ^ Jeaves.fomewhatpur- «carryedawayatthewillofthewinde-rherT»; r t? ’■ whKh ^ urne mtodowne, and with the (cede white within,yeelding a bitter milkeas the reft°of th'^plant doth?"” ^ blackil:hcn chc °wfide, and The fweete Succory'is , Sw ' £t«ory,y e t not colourthe ftalke rifeth to be two footediinh nr ™ /° ft ha j InG fl c not rough at all,and of a darkeorccne fometimes breaking out into branches toward ’ r ° UBd > firmea "A whitiih becaufe of the hoatineffe thereon leaves then below, clofin- the ftalkes at rhHwr* “ PI l ’ WIth , 1fborter Iomewhat broader and more divided gold yellow flower’s in lon|ha,ytk Km The H ^ T" TT ^ ^y heads or huskestd rTvnTTT-S j? eoa !^? e ^. very ^ en t^eyare ripe within them is contained veryfm alllone brown^T' ■ u~d~ «*““ "™i tney are earned away with the winde, the roote is long and blackLQi on "the outfide and'vT^teTitWn'fo fu!l™fT k° dl y. Cicberim dulceNeabolitanum. Swcete yellow Succory of Naples* ' afweec S. Zacynt ha Jive Cicbcriim -vet rucai ium. Wartcd Succory. T R- I B E 6 . The Theater of Thnts . C HAP. 25. 779 f any bitterneffe at all and fo is the reft of the plant, that it will grow hard like a. gum if it bee not rubbed away but fiiffeied a jp e rnm. Rough Mountaine Succory. succory hath divers long narrow leaves next the ground very (harpely dented about the edges Tin. mou y al] aJfo a[1 QVCr . from among which rifeth up a ftalke branched forth with 1 fuchTike leaves fet thereon and divers large double yellow flowers like unto thole of Dandelion at the topper, which tu ne into downe as the reft and blowne away ■■ the roote confifteth of many long firings. Whicti turne cichorhm tomentofrmfatidum. Strong or ill fented hoary Succory. This kind of ill fented hoary Succory from a thicke roote fendeth forth fundry weake, round, hairy or hoary ftalkes bout two foote or more high, having divers large long hairy or hoary leaves next the ground, deepely sallied in on both fides, fomewhat like ro Succory leaves, parted into many branches with leffer leaves thereon Then thofe below, and Ieffer cut alio, at the toppea of whom ftand many pale yellow flowers in greene huskes like unto Groundfell which quickly fade in like manner turning Into downe, which with the leede_,s earned away in the winde: this herbe hath fomewhat an ill or ftrong lent with it, yet more in the Hotter time of the veare then elfe, which procured it the denomination of fetidam funking- 1 8 Zacyntha five Cichorium Verrucanum. Waned Succory. The watted Succory fpre'adeth liindry long and fomewhat hairy greene leaves next the ground cut 0 ,■divided J on the edges into deepe dents, butnot deepegafhes. fomewhat refemblmg Succory leaves. the ftraked ftalkes I divide themfelvcs into fomeleffer branches with a fmall long Icafe atcveryjoyntbroadbelow andcompafling it about at the bottome 1 the flowers grow feverally at the toppes and upper joynts of he branches upon fhort I foorcftalkcs bein- fmall and yellow, compofed of divers fmall yellow leaves, broad pointed and nicked m, 1 Which turne not into downe as the other fons before doe,but into fmall round and flat hard heads, parted at the I brims into fundry bunches or knobbes like unto wartes with a little tuft or crownem the middle, in each bunch I whereof is contained a kernell or feede: the roote is fmall and ftringy dying every years- after feedetune, and I never abiding a Winter unleffc it fpring up from the feede in Autumne. a The Place. The firft two forts and the fixe are many times found in our medowesand other moift grounds taken by moft. for kinds of Hawkeweeds and fo the leffc regarded : the fourth and fift Ct/umna found on the hills m Naples ; the feaventh is often found in fandy grounds and by woods and hedges (ides: and the laft is thought to grow m the Ifland Zacyntha from whence it was brought into Italy, and thence into other parts, but Pern faith it groweth in clivers places in Italy. _ The Time. They doe all flower and feede about the fame time of the other Succories, except the fecond, which flowreth earlier then the reft. The Names: • All thefe herbes are accounted feverall forts of Succory by many writers, and fome of them (that is thofe of Naples as Columna faith) are ufed in the (bead of the true Succory with good fuccefle, but as I faid before they are but baftard forts which their feedes declare, being rather Hawkeweedes as I doe th.nke : The firft is called by Gefncr in ColleEtioneJlirpium Hieratiumpratenfe ajperum, by Tabermontanw and Gerard Cichonam It,team, by Thalins Intubm fylvejlris five Cichoriumfylvefireflerelate,. Tragus maketh it his Cubase* $prelates, and Cafal. ptims calleth it LaSlariola altera : the fecond is the Cicheream luteum prate,. ... , 3. DcnsUomst'mitfmo folio. Fine jagged Dandelion a ins Dandelion hath a thickc reddifii roote full of fibres iendina fn th fn a nc 1 leaves,each of a hand breadth long and two inches broad deenelvhf ij n’ m , oftfi P ci ty cut very greene other fmall rents or divifions, ending in a fine (mall n!i | • fln»f g 4 ^ ur ? *1*' lne ,nt0 two or threc naked (hikes and yellow, turning into downe as the other ' ' “ ™ that fiand at the C0 P S oF , , »■*»*«* whereofare a little hairy, among which rifeunL,were points Banding likea ftarre or fpurrc-, the footeflalke. 1 . 7)ens leonii ’vulgaris. Common Dandelion. 7)m leonii Monty alien[mm five s4fpbodeli bulbu!is. Bulbed or clogged Dandelion. . R IB E 6 . The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 26. 781 awerlike unto other Dandelions turning into downe,and flying away with the wind carrying the feede with it, fhich is fomewhat long and broad with hard haires likebeardes at the tops: the roote is fmall and blackifh with- : at and white within,very fweete in talle as the leaves are alfo,and fo tender to keepe that it perifheth with the rft cold it feeleth •• and mull: therefore be houfed, which then will endure many yeares giving feede year ely. 5 , Dens leonis minor ajpero folio. Small rough Dandelion. The fmall rough Dandelion fendeth forth fundry fmall leaves lying round about the roote of two or three iches long and one inch broade, dividedor torne in onthefides, eachofthem fet with fmall fmoothfharpe rickes or haires like as the prickly Sowthiftle hath: the ftalkes are about two inches high, and bcare each of them large pale yellow flower like the reft and.turned into downe: the roote is fmall and whitifh. 0 Dens leonis Monjpclicnfvsmfive Afphode/i 6nlbulis. Bulbed or clogged Dandelion. This Afphodell rooted Dandelion tpreade th many large and blewilh greene hairy leaves upon the ground un¬ evenly,waved or cut In on the edges but not deepely gafhed, as the common Dandelion is of a bitter and fharpe alle like unto it, from which rife fundry bare or naked ftalkes with feverall flowers, at the toppes of them larger (ind more double than it, and of a paler yellow colour which paffe into downe like the reft : the rootesare fnn- fry long tuberous and (lender dogges like unto thofc of the Afphodill but ftnaller, fliorter, and more pointed at (the ends. _ I . y. Dens leonUGadenfiis. Dandelion of Cadis in Spaine. ft This plant fo like in face unto a little Dandelion hath made me contrarie unto others opinions place it in the tifameranke with them. It hathanumberoflong leaves a fpanne long or more riling from a long white tender [bote : the middle ribbe of the leafe is bare from the cootc to the halfe length of the leafe, and then it hath many Brents or cuts on each fide, very much refembling the leafe of the ordinary Dandelion but fmaller and narrower: riche flowers likewife Hand upon long foote ftalkes as the Dandelion doth being fmall and yellow, and doe turne Into downe that is carried away in the wiride, with the feede which is fmall long, and reddiili like unto (ome of tthe Hawkeweedes. Itgroweth in the Hand of (jades, which wee call Cales or Cadis as Guillaume Boel faith, [who brought it us out of Spaine ,and called it Cichorium Gadenfe : Clufim it feemeth not well marking the plant (being dric, and never having (eene it greene or growing, tookeitfrom Hoel, andcalleth it in his Car* pefieriores {Cichorium fylvefire pumilatfifive Hedipnois, and faith it is altogether like unto it though leife : but how like it is, illipon thjsdefcriptiontruely fet downe as before, Heave it to any judicious to determine. It flowretbin Inly, Au- i guftand September, and the feede is foone ripe after the flower ispaft; the roote liveth all the Winter if it be milde, or elle it perifheth with the hard froftes. The Place. The firft is too frequent in all medowes and pafture grounds, but the fecond is more rare, yet often to be met i with the third groweth in Auftria : the fourth in Italy as it is fufpefted, becaule it came from thence: the fife i and fixt about Mompeliar, as alfo about Florence, and in other parts of Italy efpecially the fixt,and the laft in Spaine. The Time . 1 They flower in the Summer moneths, yet as is well knowne the firft is found in fome place or other in flower , every moneth in the yeare. The Karnes. The Dandelion is not certainely intituled by any Greeke denomination,for it is certaine it is not mjSleoxii chon, dritla : but hath divers Latine names, asDeni leonit, Urinaria, Corona and Caput monachi, Rofiram porcinum- and as Anotfilarathinketh Chrondrilla Galeni: the firft is ufually called of moil of the later writers T>ens leonis, but Tra- gits tooke it to be Hieracinmmajus, and Cordus in hiftoria , to be Hieraeium parvttm ; Gefner in hurt is Hteracium minus,Thaliw and Dodonau t chondrilla altera, and Cafalpimts (as divers others alfo doe) to be the AphacaotTheo. phrafltu, in lib.& cap.y.and io. among the Wottes: divers alfo take it to be Hcdypnois Plinij lib. iS.c. 8. but the moll judicious rather take the former Cichorium lutetsm to be it: Facbfius calleth it Hedypnois major, and Lugdu- nenfiis HedypnoisDa/echampij ■ Lonicerw calleth it Taraxacon minus,and is generally held to be the true Taraxacon oSSerapio.ini Avicen, and fo ufed with us in all compofitions'whereunto Taraxacon is appointed : thelecond fofalpinus calleth Aphaca anguftioris folij : the third is called by Colutyna.fjitracium fcctidum : and Camerarius calleth the fourth Trinciatilla ; the fife is ajfo of Bauhimu mentioned by the name in the title: the fist is called by Matthiolus Cichoriam Confiantinopolitanum, becaufe, as hee faith, hee received it from lAlngerms de Busbcque the Emperours agent at Confiantinople ■ but Lobe! and Pena fay that hee needed not to extoll this plant as a ftranger, being to be had plentifully in his owne country of Siena and Tafcane, Liguria and other places of hall whereof he was ignorant, as aifo about Mompelier, whereupon they called it Dens leonis Alonfyehenjium' Afphodeli bulbil, lit, and withall fuppofe it to be the Chondrilla altera Diofcoridis, or Perdion (rather Pcrdicionj of Theophrajhu■ which hath more rootes chan leaves: Tabermontantts calleth it Dens leonis altera ; the laft is mentioned liifticient- ly in the.defeription : the Italians call Dandelion Ttente de leon r - the Spaniards Diente de Icon ; the FrencbDcntdc Ijon and Piffe cn lift-, the Germane* pfajfenblat, Korlkraut and Pfajfienrorlin j the Dutch Fapepcrnyt Koutsroofen and Camkerbloemen, and we in Englifb Piftea bed and Dandelion. The Uertues. Dandelion is nearc in propertie unto the vvilde Snccory.andby tbebitterneffe doth more open and clenfe, and is therefore very effetftuall for the obftrutftions of the liver, gall and fpeene, and the difeafes that arife from them, as the faundife and the hypochondriacaU paflion, it wonderfully openeth. the uritorie parts, cauling abundance of urine, not onely in children whofc meferaicall veines are not fufficigntly ftrong ts containe theqnjntitieofurine drawne inthe night, but that then without reftraint or keeping it backe they water their beds, but in thole of old age alio upon the flopping or yeeldir.g fmall quantitie of urine ; it alfo powerfully clenfeth apoftumes and in¬ ward ulcers in the uritorie paffages, and by the drying and temperate qualitie doth afterwards heale them, and far thofe purpofes the rootes being buried a while in fand and whited ( which taketh away much of the bitcemefle, and maketh them the more tender) being eaten as a fallet are more effeftuall than thpleaves ufed in the fame man¬ ner, or who lo are not accuftomed tofuch raw fallets may take the decoftion of the rootes or leaves in white wine, or the leaves chopped as'pot herbes with a few Allifanders boiled in their broth. And who fo is macilenc drawing towards a confumption,orhath an evil! difpofition of the whole bodyjready to fall into a Cachexia by Xxis the y§2 Chap. 27, Theat rum Fotanicum* Tribe 6 f L.,, f. fo.. r om , t 7 m e toeetherOiall finde a wonderfull helpe, not onely in clenfing the malignant humor hutlrencthenine thegood and preferving the body found in all his funftions: it helpethalfo to procure reft aiw flcepe wbodies diftmfpered by the heate of ague fits ot otherwife = the deft died water alfo is effcftuall to d.inkr in pcftentiall fevets and to wafh the lores. Chap. XXVII. Chondrilla. Gumme Succory? |N I) 10fear ides time there were but two forts of ChondnH* knowne. both which are much control 1 vetted in our time, divers herbes being affimilated unto them, and fcarfe any agreeing in all things with them, butthisage hath found out fundry plants, which for the rcfemblance are refer- 1 red to Chondrilla, and called by that name, whereof fomebeare blew flowers, and divers yellow, 1 Of thole with yellow flowers I (hall entreate in this Chapter, and of the other m the next. I. Chondrilla prior Dicfcoridis legit,ma Clafij. The former true Gumme Succory of 'THofccrides according to CH* S p s minde. This Gumme Succory hath many long and fomewhat broad hoary leaves lying upon the ground covered with athicke downe, cue in on the edges fomewhat like thofe of Succory, from among which nuth up an hoary ftalkej a foore high or more parted into a few branches with fmalier and narrower leaves let without order, whereon arc fometimes found yellowifh graines like unto imall peeces of Gumme,which grow quickly to be hard ? at the toppes of the branches (land fingly yellow flowers like tho.e of Camomill, which when they are ripe turne into downe, and with the feede is carried a wav with the winde • the loote is of a fingers thickncfleblackifli on the outflde with lome fibres thereat, and parted at the toppe into fome heads, which bring forth leaves, &c. it is full of iuyee which is yellowifh when it is drie. „ 2. ChondriHa viminalibw virgis. Gumme Succory with twiggHikebranches. This twiggy Gumme Succory lhaoteth forth fundry (lender tough and flexible branches or twigge-like flalkes very c lammy in handling, fet with many narrow and (If ort leaves, but thole that grow at the footeofthe ftalkcs next the ground are larger and longer, cut in on the tides into divers long gafhes, when thofe fialkes grow toward flowring, the greater leaves begin to wither and die, (o that being in/flower they are quite gone and wi¬ thered, the toppes whereof are furniflied with fmall yellow flowers, which in time turne into downe and paffc away with the winde : the roote is long and flender, full of milke as all the reli or the plant is if any part be q. Chondrilla viminea vifeofa Monfrelidca. French twiggye Gnmme Succory. This French kind of Gumme Succory hath a white round ftraked clammic Italke two cubits high, fpreading into 1. ChondiMa prior legitima Dicfcoridis. , . The former true Gumme Succory according to C/n/flJ his minae. 2. Chondrilla viminalibm virgis. Gumme Succory with twi£g<»like branches. I Tribe 6. The Theater of Tlants . Chap. 27. 783 4. ChottdriUa vi/co fa humilii' Clammydwarfe Gumrne Succory, f. Choadrilla faxatilu vifco/o cauls. Galens Gummc Succory. ' C Chondriffo Bulbofet. Bulbed Gumrne Succory. divers clammy branches pliant and eafie to bend, whole leaves at the bottome are fmooth like Willow leaves of fixe inches long, and halfe an inch broad, fometimes having a gafh or two on them, but thofe that grow up higher are Somewhat like unto the lower leaves of the laft Gumrne Succory divided into many and very fine parts: the flowers are fmall and yellow like the laft which paffe into downe and are blowen away,the roote is long and yellowifh on the outfide. 4. ChondrilUvifcofa humilir , Clammydwarfe Gumrne Succory. This low G umme Succory fendeth forth from a fmall long white roote fundry flender rough clammy, and ben¬ ding ftalkes about a footc high with a few long and narrow leaves without any dent thereon, efpecially from the mid- ' die upward, whereatthe joynts with the leaves (land feve- rall fmall long and yellow fiowers.turninginto downe like the reft, but the lower leaves, and thofe on the lower part of the [hike are long and narrow, fome whole without any dent, and others with one or two on thefides. 5 . Chondrilla faxotilis vifco/o cattle, Gei'oKs Gumrne Succory.- This rare Gumrne Succory ( which as Colttmntt faith was not fet forth before) hath a long roote fo fad fet on the rocke where it groweh, that without breaking the rocke it can¬ not be got ont, and being broken yeeldeth (lore of thicke vifeous milkeas every part elfe of the plant doth, which will hardly be wafhed off where it fticketh to the hands,&c. and quickly groweth into hard grainest the leaves are many that grow below, and are very much rorne on the tides into many deepe and crooked gaflies likeunto Dandelion it fcldome hath more than one [hike, and fel- domealfo any branch, which is (lender white and round, about a cubite high, fet from the -middle upward with long and narrow leaves not cut in or dented at all but parted at the bottome where it compaffeth the ftalke, and the moll part of the length oftheleafe cleaving thereto,thatalmoftnoneof theflalke canbcfeene being as ahofe or buskin thereon (which caufed Column* rogiye it the name of at the joynts with the leaves come Xxx 1 forth Ch A P.27, 'Tbeatrum c Botanicum. a " d ,e tafte hereofis bitter : the upper part hereof in I ^ b l OV T e ° r “ d forth two the’tifte hcreot'ilbucer: the tipper" part* hereof^T?, y ^ tlCn otllcr ^ rc " cw blown<; °r infbe like onto the wilde Letticc, whereunto Galen refembleth CbondrilU lib 1 le ? owcrs and P° fl “ e of them is very his CbondnUa or that of D, of cor,det f or it tath ' ° be re ' Crred The bulbed Sum Succory hath dii^rs foainelres^eflrer 1 then^crory U with fmall d’ T ! cd on (lender (lalkes, among which fpring up many (lender weake (lalkes on them j d ‘ Vlfi ,° nS ° n the , fides fet U P- fmall yellow flower like unto Dandelion which rh " T'* ° Cacb > ™ e and bulbous, cleare, and of a purplifh white colour everunnefiff „j • therootes are divers (mail round plant both roote a^d lealeisof a bitter tafle y to the head with a long (fl ing : the whole ~ • c ■ , 7- CbondrilU bulbofa Syriaca angufiifolia. Bulbed Gum Succorv of Syria Thib Syrian plane hath many long craffelikc leaves Ivina ntl nn »4^ a ^ or rV. ’ (lalkesfet withfmallleaves,from the joynts whereof y brfake P forth fmahT ’ TT 5 Wblcb rifedivers 'mail which is large double and yellow like inL th^grea^ mSK" as tot o „S, T fl ° wer , a P"“* and about a (pan long growing; (mailer downewards fmooth and of a brownifl,“yellow co lur'T *' r“ d ' SSS' 5 ' “ l ”“ l ,W " f ' l « K S"'"= of.Chrfiw, fell „f Jte big IS, SSKS are broader, more hairy and of a grayer colour. ^ but diffcrin S °« el y »n the leaves which by the way Gdes.and about Moulin in Mount lit The ou“h a bom 7 7" ! tbird 15 *»nd the Rockes in the Kingdome of Naples : the fixt not onelv undemhe htoc ^ Vr" Bk upon thence co Tateoli : but towards the Sea fide about the Fifliermens cottajton °Narb7 U ’ a l’ e: ’ from Mom Catut and thereabouts: the two laft Ranmlfim in his Pere°rinarion to d \ ? nd the i ow Mar(lies of the plowed fields and the other in (tony places. a f nd abouc Ale tf ° ln s F rM the one in All thele forts of Succory doe flower later then the" ? rer( 7 ^m,„r.i, , and arc fo tender that they quickly perifl, with the cold ofthele cqUerTumltes!’ ^ “ their ' natura!l P la <*s, Gum Succory is called in Greeke^rAetoi CbondrilU ■. ■ c . drop or Gum-like Maflicke that groweth upon the herbe and (hike which fignificth that with that kind of grainc prepared forpultage which was tiled in ■ Cof ’- ori S lnal, y taken from the Iikencfle (hall drew you more fully in the proper place, when Uome rn Umea ' c j lled or Alien, as I and Ptifanes the ancient times made ofthem : fome faith DioFcorid °ii * 7 °. n ’?, sand the (everall forts of Pultage that the leaves Were like unto Succory, C,,A,rt “ , and £<« *>*, and (Sr and others fince him for the true CbondrilU prima DioFcoridis d T rf- SU ^/° r j' ,? K 1S tal«hh«u and divers others doe account ManZln btctdri,t ‘E. ? r ‘° r verily belccve that it is Cichoream luteum, for Al.tthir,/,, ‘ n 1 , ‘° T Ct ( btc ' ut £ .r Cu:borio y burl the Figures are tranfpofed or miffet, for the firfl F inure anfwererh If the , c ° lour . ot t!le flowe t, and I am lure to the firfl defcription, which Lacuna it (eemeth well obferved; h tC ° n u dc ' cr, Pt' on ' ant! the fecund Figure the fecond )Lobel and Lugduncnfit from him doccall il mak,n g' hat his firfl which in OtlMbiolu, i s onof afcr-.*L, he mingledrhtanditr , verruca but as I haveflrewed in the deferipti- Ermhinu, CbondrilU foil,, C,chore, tomfntofiT: the fecond r/f^’ T n h ZTi’T\ calleth i: Chmdri ^ Gr *<*. and Cbondrilla viminca vifeofa -umearum, Qoldu, upon DUrcoriL^r?' 5^o ,' Ch °” dr ‘ UA virgU, and Label lutct,m, Cefalpim .1 CbondrilUSpecies in collibm & v i ci „[ Tr . 't™’ T " ,d ° nl:m Cicbormm fylveftre to hcChoudrilla prior ID iofcoridiizs Bauhinm dothalfo and Z'‘ri P Z'"“l'’ r T“ > ’ C ° lumm tak «h it bermotanm and Gerard Qi \\ it CbondrilU Iuncea , the third is« led hv^ a* * rt* ° f The °? hr 4'«> Ta- haca : the fourth alio from Eaulurw taketh the name nl culdla! ^ondnUa vtmnea v,Jio[a Monfpe. it ism the Title: the fixt is called by ^ T C, {*T focal,ethas Thcopbrajfut fbut rather Perdition lib. I cap jr f or p, r di„„ is teabulbofa t and may be as he faith ‘rierdion of tidis and lo doth Column., by Cefalpinm Herba terre crnol • ‘"J?"?) of CuJ!m chmir!ll “ “hera Diofco. nenfis (cttcch it forth by the name o'f C^oZm7 u lb2mi2el' b V ' c *ft" ???"' ^Mdale, Lngdu. Batdnuy, thinketh : but I rather take Jlrur»o[u m t0 be th^t (orr of^h [ ( lA,or: " m flrumofum Mycom as the larger leaves and is the laft here ejeprefled which K Iri t ~ h °" dr,da which K&mnpuf found in Syria with no Inch bulbous roote, which caifeth a great difference befid^Ihediff 6 " *" tha t C.»;m hath Imperatus of Nanfei Gb h rW n 3 D 51 . r . hc dl ^rence in the heads offlovvers:C/»/«r from Naplet faflh that they about ^apleZalUxHdrba di/atZZd^ 10 dle b F ads ^ ; i andettarim calleth it Siridula. The Arabian; call Chord*;I r J ’ a ^ d account to bee Scroplu’aaa minor, drilla, and Terra crepola, the s, M uZh a " d the lul.ar. Con'. dr,//a,mdTerracrepola, the Spaniards Leituaatand Zb' * t‘- nd *>el Cadaron, and esfmiroH. the Italians Con. di S. Criteria, and & at by the kmc name they cMPbvlumZnTth S ^' n3s ' bu X - G,u f m ’ they call it Terva md Ajunjera, the French Leitterm, the hir>h and low ‘Dutch CoZd 7/ hey Z ' tb ' lec01 ! d Co ' ,drilliI Iuiiijualina, caufe of the Gum is found upon it. § d ° " C ” dr,Ur > and we in Engltfi Gum Succory, be- a nd more dry, and is thereby the of the roote be taken in wine • the Gum ufed w.'rh 10/ "h < f. ual ‘tte flaycth the loolenefle of the belly,if the juice wurfes thacareflayed, them c of heroote^r eh^ th ' formc ^f a peffarie draweth downe womens “■■■■“ 1 ■ the roote or she herbe and roote together made into powder and drunkein wine, TheTheaterof Tlants. C HAP. Tribe 6. ._, - wine, helpeth the biting ofthe Viper and all other venemous Serpents,and deftroyeth field miie alfo; Pliny writ- eth that one D orothem in his verfes fheweth that it is beneficiall to the ftomacke, and helpeth digeftion, and fur¬ ther faith that lbme did account ithurtfull to the eyes and to hinder generation both in men and women, and yet he numbreth ChondriUa among other fallet herbesthat were ufed to bee eaten •• the juice ofthe herbe but more effedfually of the roote dropped from, the point of a needle or other fuch fmall thing, eaketh away by the roores thefuperfluoushairesoftheeyebrow.es, the fame alfo ufed with a little niter denfeth the skinne from all frec¬ kles, morphew, fpots or any difcolouring thereof. The bulbous Gum Succory is much commpnded againft the dwellings and kernells of the throat called the Kings Evill, and fo is the diftilled water thereof; the rootes prefer- ved are found to be wonderfulleffefluall, if the ufe be continued for fome time together. Chap. XXVIII. ChindriUa purpurea. Purple Sum Succory. Here are other forts of Gum Succory to be entreated of, differing from the former in many notable parts as well as in the flowers which are quite of another hew, as fhail be fhewed in this Chapter, i. Qhonirittaciruleafive purpurea. Purple flowred Gum Succory. This Gum Succory fhooteth forth in the beginning of the Spring fundry long winged or rather jagged leaves, confiding of many long and narrow jagges, cut in on both fides to the middle tibbe, and equally almoft let one againft another of a blewifh greene colour very tender and full of milke being broken, among which file up weake and tender ftalkes three or foure foote high,fcarfe able to (land upright, very brittle alfo andaprto'bebtoken.as fullofmilkeasthe leaves, which divideth it felfe towards the toppesinto a few other fmaller branches, with fmaller and leffe jagged leaves upon them, and fmall blewifh purple flowers at the ends and lometimes white,confiding often or twelvefmall narrow leaves danding round about the middle, which when they are ripe fall away of chemfelves; the rootes grow deepe downe and fpreadinto many corpulent bran¬ ches like Dandelion,, blackifh on the outfide and yceldingmuch milke in every part that is broken, which are foaptto grow that every little peece in the ground will fpring againe and beare leaves,&e. 2. Cbtmdrilla cernlealatifo/ia. Purple Gum Succory with broader leaves. This other Gum Succory is very like unto the former in all things.but that the leaves are fomewhat fhorter and broader,and the gafhes alfo larger whereincheefely confifteth the difference. 5. ChottdriHa purpHrafccns frtida. Stinking Gum Succory. The drinking Gum Succory hath divers long and fomewhat narrow leaves growing next to the ground fome being waved or tome fomewhat deepely on the edgeB, the footeftalkes being fometimes reddifh, in the middle of whom rifeth up fundry bro wne ftalkes a little hairy, and about a cubit high,having but very few branches and I 1 they bare or naked of leaves from the /oynts to the toppes, where every one of them fuftainc a flower con- fitting of fixtccne fmall leaves or more, dented at the edges,ofapurplilh red colour comparting the middle, wherein afterwards are conteined long brownilh feede lying in do wne,which together are bio wne away with the winde, the roote hereof perifhcth every yeare after leedeiime, but recovereth it felfe by the fallen feede, the leaves as well as the flowers have a firong unpleafant fenr. 4 . ChondriUa vara purpurea CrHpinalSelgarMndiRa, The bearded Creeper. I have two other plants to fhew you which have parted by the names of Chotidritla, either of which hath fmall affinitie with them as 1 thinke, oncly excepted by Column*, yet give me leave to inlerr them in this place, although I fhew you my mind of them. This firft hath the firft leaves that fpring up, nothing lo much cut in or divided as the others that follow, but ra¬ ther fomewhat refembling the leaves of Groundfell, and are roughly dented abont the edges, the next are very much cut and divided into many l'mall parts fome¬ what rough or hard in handling, and fomewhat fharpe at the points of the cuts,from among which fpring fun- dry flender whitifh and hairy ftalkes about a foote and ahalfe high, with two or three branches and lmallcr but notlefle divided leaves upon them to the toppes, where (land three or fonre flowers in fcaly heads, the points whereofare purplilb, confiding of five leaves, of a purplilh blew colour as the border, and many pur- plifh thrums in the middle, fome whitifh threads alfo in themidft: the feede that followeth indofed in the heads is like the leede of a Iacea or Knapweede or Matfellon but fomewhat greater blacke and finning, with divers ftiffe (taring haires like abeard at the head 4. ClmdrillA rara purpurta enpiaa BzlpAwradiSa. The bearded Creeper. 3 * ^bondriSapwpitJafcensfottida, Stinking guen Succory. 5. Chondriffa Se/htnoides dicie. Strange gum Succory. The Theater of Tlants, Chap. 787 Tribe 6 . ^flvcrv one! which will not abide or be (till either in ones hand or in paper,«cc. if it be never lo little (lirred, bet ill as ; c were creepeor thruft itfelfe forwards by the flifFe haires (whereupon I have given it the English name as it is in the title) the rootc is long and white and perilheth every time it bcareth feede, yet abldeth the firft Winter after it fpringeth in the Autumne, for it hardly abideth a Winter if it rile in the Spring although it doth neither flower nor lcede. . 5 . ChondnlUSefamoides dicta. Strange Summe Succory. This other plant referred, as I faid, to the Chrtmdrillaes, hath many long and narrow rough leaves, pointed at the ends, and jagged in two or three places on the edges, fometimes more or leffe lying on the ground, relembling very much, the leaves of Coronopm or Bucks home Plantaue, but with fewer greater and longer cuts or j'agges, the branched ftalkes arefet from the middle of them, with fuch like leaves, bnt narrower, lome without any iagee, and fome but with one or two, bearing at the toppes everyone upon (lender bare long ftalkes, a ftnall whrtilh lilver-like lcalyhead, out of whichbreaketh forth faire double flowers confiding of many purplifli blew leaves dented or cut in at the broad ends, with fome yellow threads in the middle of them ( Matthioliis hath very badly fet this forth with the heads of Phalaris Canary graffe)after which commeth fmall feed like unto Sefamum, as it is compared, and from thence tooke the name of Sefamoides, but as 1 thinke more fitly unto z Cy antes Corne- flower or Blew-bottle but browner : the roote is fmall and long, yeelding a milke : both thefe plants may in my mind be better referred to the face as than unto any other herbe,they doe in leaves not much vane,nor yet in heads and flowers, but in feede efpccially come nefreft thereunto, and not unto the Chondrillaes , whofe ft ede is much differing having downe on the heads of them, and flie away together witli the wmde. The Place. The firft (as well as the fecond, for I account them both as one) growetb, as Matthhlat faith, in many places of Italy, as well as Tufcane in waft grounds, by ditch fides, and the way lides in fields and paftures ; and as Cerdas faith in the Vineyards about Cjer.a :'the third Bauhinm faith he onely law in Zuingcrus garden and his owne : the fourth in Spaine Narbtxe in France, and Naples alforthe laft is not certainely knowen from whence Is the original! but is nurfed up in gardens. The Time. They doc all flower in the Summer moneths, and yeeld their (cede foone after. The Names, They are ail accounted Chondrilla jpecies by divers, whereuntc for the former three I may wdl agree being in face not much differing from wilde Succory; the firft being called by Lobel Chrondrilla carulea Bclgarum, by Do- domeas Chondrilla altera ,by Cordrn upon Dio/corides Chrcndrillaprima Sichorio flmilis , and in his Hiftory 'Chondrilla tenera ; by 'Camerarius Chondrilla c arnica flore ; who faith the Italians call it Caccia lepore ; Lugdmenjts maketh it to be Apate D alecbampij,and faith the Italians call this Terra crepola,by Tabermontar.w Chondrilla carulea and alba, as CWm before himdid; Cardiff giveth two figures hereof, which noteth,andcallctli this firft Chrondnlia cstntlea altera Cicborijfylvcfttis folijs : the fecond is that which Matthiolut fetteth forth as an hyfleronproteron, as I faid before, calling it Chondrilla altera, and Lacuna Chondrilla prima, obferving, as it is likely his errour, and by Batehinus ChondriUa Ctcrulea latifolia laciniata: the third Banbinm mentioneth in his Phytopmax, Pbtax and Pro- dormtu by the name of Chondrilla purpnrafeen: fstida,and Beeler in horto SpBetenfi Chondrilla rtsbrafteiida-.tbz fourth is called by Label Chondrilla rara pnrpurante flore femme nitido decidnoymd C'upina Belgartmt, and findeth fault with his owne miftaking in callingit formerly Superba recentioram ■ wifhing itto be blotted out: Lagdtmer.fis calleth it Cbondri/lapttrpnrea Lobelij, and Tabermontanus ChrondriUa Hifpanica Narbonenfis : folumna finding it in Naples, could not well tell to what£f»»r he might referre it, and therefore called it Senctio Cardans Apulw, and Batihiaus to varifie his title from all others, calleth it Chondrilla folijs laciniatis ferraus,parpnrafceme flore ; the laft is but one fort, although Bauhinm maketh it to be two, becaufe Camerarim firft let forth the plant with the flo 'erlpread open that it might be the better knoWne,yet is the fame that Adatthiohts calleth Sefamoides parvam,not rightly ex- ■ preffed, and from him Cajfor Dttrantes, Camerarim, Tabermontanus and Colttmnad oelo enttile it, yet Columns thinketh it may be Cyan its Plinij. Label calleth it Sefamoides parva Viofcondis. bnt Gt/ncrin codellione flirpium Co- ronopuj cjnidam flore Cfraleo,Dodonaus maketh it his Chondrilla tertiafpccics.dc Leigdttnenjis Catanance tpaorundam : Bauhinm, as I faid, to make two forts hereof entituleth his fltid Chondrilla car aka Cyani capituh, and the other (which as I laid Camerarim in his Alatthiolus fetteth forth, with the title of Sefamioides parwumflore magic complex re, and Efletenjis Chondrilla Sefamoides ditla carule-o flore complete) Chondrilla ct rtilea Cyanicapitttlis altera. Cer¬ das faith that the Germans call this firft Chondrilla Klein Sonnen rrerbel, and as is faid before, the Italians Caccia le¬ pore and fame Terra crepola. The Vertties. Alatthiolus faith that the people in Italy where the firft forts doe grow doe eate them in their (allots as Succory is, being accounted of the fame propertie, but I have no other Author thatgiveth any fpeciall inftanccof the vertues therein, and therefore you may as I referre them to the kindred of the Succories, and be per Iwaded of the like t ffeffs to be found in them, neither have I any more certainty to fpeake of the reft. Chap. XXIX. Hicracium. Hawkeweeke. | O fet forth the whole family of the Hawke wcedesin due forme and order, is fuch a world ■ ofworke, that I am much indoubt ol mine owne-abilitie, ichavinglyen heavie on his fhoudiers that hath already waded thorough them, and willbe as heavie to me, although he be a guide for me to follow: If I therefore (as he before me no'doubt hath done) flippe or goe awry, let it be pardoned in me, as it muft be in him, or let them that too critically find fault amend it by allured knowledge if they can themrclves.and I will give them thankes. Tor fuch a multitude of varieties in forme pertaining to one herbe is not to be found againe, in re rum naturals I thinke. That I may therefore fo fet them forth, that ye may apprehend them rightly, as I lhall endeavour to expreffc them aptly and methodically, I muff diftribute them 788 Chap. 29. Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tribe 6 . into fundry formes and orders after fuch a manner, as I thinke meete to difpofe them, and in feveral! Chanters according as you ihallfinde by the titles at the heads of every of them, F Sl Ordo primtu. The firft Ranke or Order.' BieraciaT)extb Iconiifolijs acuta. Sharpe pointed Dandelion-like Havvkeweedes. 1. Hieracmm mays Smcbitet. (great Hawkeweede with Sow-thiftle leaves. T His great Hawkeweede hath many large hairy leaves lying on the ground much rent or tome onthefdes 1 into divers gafhes and j'agges, fomewhaat like unto Dandelion, but with greater parts, more like unto thole of the fmooth Sow-thiftle, from among which rifeth a hollow rough ffalke, two orfometimerhree footehioh branched from the middle upwards, whereon arefetat every joynt, where it brancheth longer leaves, little or " nothing rent or cut in, bearing at their tops fundrypale yellow flowers, confiding of many Irnall narrow leaves broad pointed, and nicked in at the ends, lerina double row or more, the outermoft being larger than the inner which forme mod of the Hawkcwcedes doe hold in all the forts, which turne info downe and with the fniali browniftifeede is blovvneaway with the winde : the roote is long and fomewhat great with many fmalifibres thereat: the whole is lull of a bitter milke. “ 2 . Bicracittmma]m Creticnm, Great Car.dy£{ awkeweede. This Candy Hawkeweede hath the fird leaves little or nothing dented, but fomewhat like Endive, yet thofe ■ that follow are cut in on the fides, not fo much as the Sow-thiftle, elfe not much unlike, which are mere tender yet larger than the former as the ftalkes are likewife, bearing on the branches greater huskes wherein rhe yellow flowers grow, which paffe into downe with rough crooked (cede lying therein, and are both difperfed by the winde : the whole plant is bitter, and perifheth at the fird approach of Winter being 1 ut ar.uall, and to he r e w fowen every yeare. ‘ 3. Bicractummagnum Hijjtaaicam, Great Spartipi Hawkeweede. This Spamjb Hawkeweede hath a round hollow crefted ftalke fomewhat hairy, about a cubite high or more whole bortome leaves are long and large like Dandelion, very much cut in and hairy on the edges, each being a" bout a footein length, and an inch and a halfe in breadth , thofe on the dalkes are divided at the bottomc into two parts Iikeeares, compafling them about, as they grow higher they are lefle jagged, and the higheft a little waved onely at the edges; at the toppe of the ftalke groweth a double flower like the Dandelion, andof thefamebi"- nefle, but of a paler yellow colour which palfeth into downe as the reft doe. 1 . Hicracian majus Soitcbiros. Great Hawkeweede with Sovt-rhiftlc Ieavcj. 4 . Hieracium folijs &J?oribus Detitis leotiis bulfojr, EUlbcd DjndcJicn-like Hawkeweede. Bier at htm 4. Hieraeiumajpcrumfolijt dr floribm Dcnti< leonis Mbofi. Bulbed Dandelion-like Hawkewecde. The rough leaves of this Hawkewcede that lie upon the ound, arc much cut in on the edges, like unto thofe of the jibed Dandelion each rent or galh looking downeward to ie bottome of the leafe, amongfl which rifeth up an hairy ire or naked ftaike, bearinga large Dandelion-Lice yellow ower which turneth intodowne, and is carried away nth the winde: theroote is fomewhat great and long /ith fome fibres thereat. y. Hieraeium Dentil Leonisfolio affierum. Rough Dandelion-like Hawkewecde. This fmall Hawkeweede hath divers long and narrow / airy leaves, reddifh at the bottome next the roote, deepe- waved or tome on the edges, being about two inches iong, from which rife one or two or more bare or naked ■allies rough or hairy, bearing each of them a double yel¬ low flower like unto tW Hawkeweedes palling into raowne: the roote is fmall fomewhat like a finger, with a lew fibres hanging thereat. 6. Hieraeium minus glabrum. Small Hakewecde with fmooth flaining leaves. 1 This little Hawkeweede rileth little above a fpanne (iigh, with fmooth frefli greene ftalkes, branched forth in- (;o others, fee with few, but fmooth Ihining gteene leaves liong and narrow, being little tome on the edges, compar¬ ing the ftalkes at the bottome, and eared as the third •• the lowers that grow at the toppes arc of a faire gold yellow (colour, lelTer than any other Hawkeweede, each Handing on a f oote ftaike, about an inch long, which as the reft, doe paffe away with the winde : theroote is fmall, long, and whitilh. 7. Hieraeiumbirfttumfere umbclhstum. Small Hawkeweede with umbel-like flowers. This fmall Hawkevvecke hath five or fixe fmalljcaves dying upon the ground, waved or cut on the edges like unto the common Hawkweedc, having a foft downe like haires on the upper fide of the leaves, and fmooth without haires underneath full of a bitter milke, from among which rifeth up aflender hairy ftaike about a foote high or more, bearing . f at the toppe divers (mall flowers fet together as it were in a tuft or umbell, of a gold yellow colour like in forme unto others, as alfo in the downic headcs: the roote liveth long, being compoled of many fmall white ftringes, which fliooteth forth and (preadethit felfealfo into many heads above ground,which flioote forth branches,roo- ting alio in the ground as they lie. The Place, The firft groweth in divers places about fields fides,and the path wayes in dry grounds: the fecotid is of Candji the third ol Spam-. the fourth of Italy:the. fift in ourowne Land,as well as about CMompelier,Naples, and Spaine: thefixt about fiajil : thelaft about Vienna in Auftria, The Time,. They doe all flower and flie away in the Sommer moneths. The Names. Tc is called in Greeke hpeent of oj-r accipiter an Hawke, Sic dictum volant tjtsod accipitres fibt hujus fucco aciem oculorttm acuere dicuntur (as divers other herbes tooke their names,fome from beafts as Blaphobofcum a Cer- pothers from birds,as C hclidonisem ab Hir undine,Perdicion a Perdicef) in Latine alfo Hieraeium, and of fome Ac- cipitrina : cndbecaule they doe partake of Sow-thiftles as well as of Succory, I have placed them betweene them both ; the Italians call itfflmro'0, the French L’berbe d’ejpervier, the Germanes Hanks kraut, the Dutch HavickC- crttipJc, and we in Er.glijh Hawkeweede, and of fome yellow Succory : the firft: here fet forth is the Hieraeium majits of CdlatthioUts, Fnchfiits,Oodonam, Label and others, the T'araxacon majeu of Loniccrns, Intubus feeftndus. of Tragus as it is thought, and Hieraeium Sonchites or Sonchi folio of divers, hl'.t ot Lupfttr.er.pt Hieraeium minus, be¬ cause lie fetterh forth the Chondrillaprior Diofcoridis for Hieraeium magnum, as l (hewed you in the iait Chapter fave one : the (econd Gefner and Camerariw oneiy make mention of, the one in hortis Germania, the other in horto c.F-Ledico, by rbe name of Hieraeium Creticum pro Endtvia littea mififittm, and there lheweth why hee called it Crelic um, even becaufe lie found the like feede among Epithymum that came from fandy : the third Bauhiniu fetteth forth by the name of Dens /rente latfolim arborefeens, faying it came to him out of Signor Contarinos of Padua his garden, by the name of Hieraeium Htfpanicum • and therefore I have (o called it, and placed it here, and not among the Dandelions, as hee doth in his Pinax : the fourth Lobel in his Dutch Herball, and leones callerh Hieraeium fi/ijs & fieribtu dentis leonis bulbofi, becaufe being very like it, yet differeth in the long roote : the fife Bauhiniu maketh of two forts, calling them Hieraeium dentis leonis folio hirfutie affiernm magis lacimatum, and mi - mu laciniatum,but I thinke they are both one,and therforc doe not diflinguifh them -Columua calleth ic Hierac um aletrum ftxatile montanum: the fixt Baubinus calleth Hieraeium minus glabrum and the laft CLuJiui deferibeth for his ninth Hieraeium , but the figure he fetteth for it, is much differing from the defeription theredf.but anfvvereth well the defeription of the eleaventh, and it may be was but the Printers fault ifi tranfpofmg the letter I,being^fc| 790 Chap^o. Tbeatrum ‘Botanicwn. Tribe 6.s before the X, that fhould have beene fet after, thereby making it XI. when it is fet IX. The Venues. Hakevveede, faith Diofcorides is cooling, fomewhat drying and binding, and therefore is good for the heate of the flomacke, and for inflammations, andthehot fits of agues and gnawings of the flomacke-. thequantitieofa fcruple of the dried juice, faith ’Pliny, taken in ?ofa Poffet, thatis vinegar and water mixed purgeth the belly yet he faith in another place, that a fmall quancitiebinderh the belly : thefaid juyee taken in wine helpeth dmclfil on, difeuffeth winde, and hindereth any crudities to abide in theftomacke,ithelpeth alfo the diffiailcieinma.i king water: the fame likewife taken in winehelpcth thebitings of venemous Serpents, and of the Phalangium and the fling of the Scorpion, if the herbe alio be outwardly applied to the place ; and helpeth alfo all other poy- fons, except that of Cernjfa, or thofe that hurt the bladders or that kill by ftrangling : a fcruple of the dried juyee given in wine and vinegar, is profitable for thofe that have the dropfie : the decoftion of the herbe taken with hony digefleth thinne flegme in the chefl or lungs, and with Hyfi'ope, doth helpe the cough : the dccorSion thereof, andofwilde Succory made in wine and taken, helpeth the wind coll ike, and thofe that are melancholike or have hard fpleenes: it procureth reft and fleepe, it hindereth vencry and venereou.- dreames, cooleth Iteates purgeth the flomacke, encreafethbloud, and helpeth the difeafes ofthercincs and bladder. Outwardly applied it is lingular good for all the defefts and difeafes of the eyesufed with fome womens milke: 'it is alfo uled with good fucceffe in fretting or creeping ulcers,efpecially in the beginning: the grecne herbe bi uifed.and with a lit¬ tle fait applied to any place burnt with fire before blifters doe arife, doth helpe them, as alfo inflammations, Saint slnthomes fire, and all pufhes and eruptions of heate and fait flegme: the fame applied with meale and hire wa¬ ter in manner of a pultis to any place affefled with convulfions, and the crampe, or fuch as are out of j'oynt doth give helpe andeafe. The diftilled water is ofgood ufein many ofthedilealesaforelaid, and the facewafhed therewith clenfeth the skinne, and taketh away freckles or fpots, the morphew and other blemifhcs in the skin, and helpeth to take away wrinckles in the face alfo. The fift is by the relation of Mr. lohn Morrice Gentleman of Itfcllvmnhbeyond'Brawdford untome by good experiments from others, Angular good to helpe the Pleurifie, oneiy by taking the juyee thereofin drinke. Chat. XXX. Hiemcio 'Deritu leenit folia obmfo. Dandelion-like Hawkeweedc with blunt pointed leaves, Orda fecundtu. The fecond ranke. I. Hieraciumlonptu mdicatum. Long rooted Hawkewede. He leaves of this Hawkewee that lie upon the ground are long and narrow much tome and jagged on the edges i. Hkru i. Hieracium longtat radio itum. Long rooted H’ v\k wcede. fomewhat like unco Dandelion, but cut into many fhort round pointed peeces, and of a darke greenc colour, the flalkes that rife from among the leaves arefmoothand blackifh fcarcc a footehigh, bare or without leaves on them unto the toppes, but at the upper joint, from whence fpring fundry flowers each (landing on a long foote flalke, which are yellow like unto other Hawkeweedes and turne into downe as they doe : the roote is white fmall and long, running downe as deepe into the ground, faith Lobcl, as the flalke is high; that which 1 and many others have taken for it, have more and flaorter rootes. Small Dandelion-like Hawkeweede with round pointed leaves. This fmall Hawkeweede hath fixe or (even thicke rough leaves' lying on the ground, about two inches long, and halfe an inch broad, round pointed and jagged about the edges, after the fafhion of the former, but not with fuch detpejagges, among which rifeth a bare hollow fmooth flalke, whereon is fet a large pale yellow flower, which turneth into downe, the roote is fmall and fibrous. 3. Hieracium tomentoftirn Hijpamcf/m. Spawijb woolly Hawkeweede. T his Hawkeweede hath divers hoary loft woolly leaves lying on the ground, cut in on the fides like Dandelion, every one (landing upon a fmall long foote flalke, being of three or foure inches long, and hal fe an fxS inch broad, the flalke is hoary likewife, and branched about a fpanne high having fmaller leaves thereon, with fmaller divifions, at the tops ^ fland very yellow flowers on veryfhort foote flalkes, (hooting out of^^J very fine hoary huskes pointed at thebrimmes with many points: the roote is white on the outfide. 4. Hieracium dentisleonis folio ftoribtu pxrvii. Dandelion Hawkeweede with fmall flowers. The roote hereof is fmall, white, wooddy and fibrous, the flalke is round,a foote high, and fsmewhat hoary, at the bottomc whereof grow a few rough leavca,bitten in,as it were about the edges, about 11^ three inches long,and halfe an inch broad,having but few leaves there- on and thofe about the middle,which are but only dented and compafle * 1 " thebottome, bearing many very fmall yellow flowers together, fhort flalkes at the toppes thereof. 5 Hieratittm 792 Ch AP.30, Theatrum 'Botamcum. 5 ' Afrho&ill rooted Hawkeweede -“ This Hawkewccde hath for the roote a few long cloppe-? like r V,P ccu 5 ’ n ... , thence is about a cnbite high, bare of leaves from § the bottome to xbt middle fmoor^ lh ft at , rife , th fr °ni Hawkewecde, of a very pale yellow colour, with a blackilh purple fpot in the miriai * ; ° >nt lke a frraU This is sltogttisr like the laif both in ('XlvtivIbVmHirwll^ but they are m every part three times frnaller. . wuu tne line purple lpot in the middle, T ,. *• vu* Ci r a# jT H n o ^™fiv'P?rc'il,* dibluu,. Swines Hakeweede with rough leaves Tribe 6„ Rieracinm ,u * 7 / • V Jh- Vf . cc m s n > searing every one a large yellow flower 1 ioru l/vc - °° r L- 1S 3n ° n& ■There is another of this fort, whofe leaves arc fmooth and pairt /i many cning tile. t rt irulivc - i • ./» to,an, m any thing «fe. ° KS “ M ‘- - - IHawt »his leall Hawkcwcede. narrower, differing little /m. ti • /- mi i - . f J J,, J “ J "‘'-""vruHnf vr uerarui, c M/ius ms Jeatt Hawkewecde leaves but longer, and unevenly derad or wa^d ab'out ‘the cdgL^Cnt'hlS/up aTa'lkc I'fwoorte' «an. wholeflowerspaffcdnotintodowne, butthclcede being long and“fbmcwha t 1blackifc, did Hill abide in „ , TI HierdciurnfaryllmCreticum, Small hawkewcedeofCW 7 „ r ,/* a tV i 3W ewca | e De ‘ n ? an other fort of the laft defcribed } hath divers leaves fpread upon the ground *U thereft of\he C ^« nnc Br0 r inB br T d l r 10 C . h f J ? nds ' cut in . with a dee P e cllt Of two where if is broaden, and (lender ba*e ffalkes^ ahn VC f l ‘ k^ e tibbe being reddifh, fom among which rile two orthree divided than anv he ^ f “ 3 tC h ' g n h ’ f ° rth inro two parts, with a finaller lealc at the /oynt, mote in forme like nrhpr Ha ’ J arin ^° nt ^ lei ^ a larger flower than anfwercth well the proportion of the plane I" the <> blunt colourunderr.eath: the footf country^as welUs^hi whe^fbun^fixth and^ve^h crane tome ^rom k "* 6 d *' r ^ r ’ P' acei °^ our owns and wdfrife a^ine of fhcVr'owne fallen feede/ an ^f°™ a b‘de untill the Autumne coldes caufe them to perilh, Th ft ' n Names, F e7chtoXTl^l L i el Tlinaciumlm ^ and micrcphyffon by Tabsrmmtnus ■ Dod mm in his fwaketh fi hK Hirra f[ Um ” ,nU ’ pr 7“7 m , d 4”!}*V alechampij , whereof Tbeopbrajim rte fecond/;^ TT* ‘ fy-of* pWjand Baubirw Hieracinm dm* leori, folic obJfo mLn lallerf Hierl* ““*?« ,n the t,tle - ^ P» ™*»° ■' the third he &SSSSSSC. 2te=s u ,L . 4™ s*S «« ScGer,rd7l 7^ P ° Pr T !Wtn Tt7T!7 = the eight is the Hjf^ris’fire FcrcellM Tab.rmm*. he,4unt0 Mattwte .f U " rTT Ca |‘ Clh ic in E ”^’ ^ S "tcory, a, he doth the next klnd “ of »«™. *«-WcalIeth it fWra, tiimum of Column *dbh '^bh ud iriakCthfome doubt or qudhion whethtriclliould not be the Hiemciummi. altera vel anoufl- f / 11 ? t ^ CF Htcractum mwtu dentis leonisfoLe oblonco glabroad is the HyoferU £k\y q {2f/x lr yVV^rt, h th J m ~ o f c 4l the figure whcTcof l calleth E f ^ the l fil° Ua v ‘ l ”*r'*U of T«bermmt»«n and Gerard, which Bautin* Hinoty ofXrr n d r s thcla r n h'*7 : h the laft C 7 VU ^ forth in bis firn thkt i, ioyned to his ri»» Jiwforel’lbet p l here c by t T he , nam o Cretin,m, which Bauhin* calleth Hiera- tamofum, ^ * P ‘”" ! ln hls It * hm Booke of MoUKt calleth it Ukracmm intubaceum non doubtperform^th^fameVff^H^a’pg 111 '!? 1 ^'?!' t ' lem ’ like bitter qualitie to the former, doen -- 5 although peradyenture in a weaker manner : but becaufe I have not any peculi; properci t, Hieracium maximum ajperurnffhotidriUsfolio. The greateftGumme Succory-like Hawkeweede. IjpaMSKS His great Hawkeweede hath a great round I&SBB rough ftraked flalke, bigger in one place than }S|gjJ |38 another, almoft three foote high, branched to- wards the toppeinto (hort branches, with great rj long leaves fet there-on one above another, much tome in ton both Tides, to the middle ribbe almoft, about three in- a. Hieracittmfolijs & facia Chondrills Lobelij. Lobcl his Gumme Succory-like Hawkeweede, 1 This kinde groweth not To high as the former, and hath 2 the leaves thicker jagged.but not To large,each jagge fome- (what dented alio and fomewhat hairy: the flowers are 1 yellow, but not fo thicke or double, but more growing in a ttuft together, which being ripe and turned into downe, j are blownc away with the winde as others are. 3, Hieracium fhoudrillsfolio glabrum . Deepe jagged Hawkeweede. ' This H awkeweede differeth not much from the I«ft, but that the leaves hereof are fmooth, very much, and very deepcly gafhed even to the middle ribbe, each jagge being ifmall, narrow, and pointed; the ftalkes and flowers,&c.are like thereunto. 4, Hieracium minus prsmorfa radice. Small Hawkeweede with bitten rootes. The leaves of this Hawkeweede are many that lie next the ground fomewhat long and narrow cut in on the edges, into fmall and (hort pointed gaflies: the ftalkes arefmall and grow to be fcarce afoote high, parted into a few branches with Tome leaves here and thereupon them that have no divifion on the fide : at the toppes whereof (land the flowers much (eparate in funder each upon a long flalke, and doe confift of fewer leaves or leffe double, of a gold yellow colour which turne into downe, &c. the roote is made of many llringes likeaPlantane roote, but themiddlemoftthacisgreateft, is (hort, asifit hadbeene bitten off like the Devills bit: the whole plant, and every part thereof, is very bitter rather more than any, other. The Place. All thefe but the firft grow plentifully enough in our Land in many places, and that about Mompelier, The Time. They flower with the reft, that is in lane and July. The Names. The fivft is called by Bauhinm, who onely doth make mention of ic, Bieracinm maximum sjperum Chondritis:fo. lio : the fecond is called by Lobel Hieracium folijs & facie Chondritis : the third Bauhimu calleth as it is in the tide, and faith it is TabermontsmuHs lift Hieracium which he called aiphaca: thelaft isthe H/eracuim minus o( CMac. thiolm , Tragrtt, Fuchfias, Gefner, Tabermontanm and others ; Lobel calleth it Hieracium minus premorfa radice, and is Tragus bis Succifatertia; and Lattaca leporim : Lugdunenfis calleth it Picric Dalechampij, becaufe of the bitternefle, and 'Bauhinus Hieracium Chondritis folio fuccifs radice, whereof he maketh a majtts and a minus, yet faith heehimfelfe, that they may well be accounted but as one, differing onely in thegre.itneileandfmaothnefle of the leaves, and therefore I include them both in one. The Venues. , Thefe Hawkeweedes are no doubt as effedluallas the greater forts in every degree, and therefore what¬ soever hathbcenefaidofthem,mayfafely be applied to thefe, and therefore to avoid a tautologie, Ireferre foutothem. P>. f a-m 3. Hieraciutn Intubactum /lore canto. Blufli garden Succory.like Hjnkcvvetde. Quanta Ordo. The fourth Ranke. I. Hieracium hitubaceum flare luteo '. Yellow garden Succory-like Hawkeweede. His kinde of Succory Hawkeweede rifeth up Hjjfl wich a (lender fmooth Ralke about a foote a»5^f high, yet fomewhat leaning downewards, _ Jjgi iggl l’prcad into many branches, at the foote whereof grow fmooth long darke.greene leaves, about 1 foure inches in length, and one and ahalfe in breadth,fome of them without divifions, and others efpecially, thofethat grow upwards very much, each of the fialkes and bran¬ ches, being about an hand breadth bare unto the toppes, where eachof them carrieth a yellow flower of a middle fize which tnrne into downe, and is carried away at the will of thewinde. -• Hieracium intubaceumpre rnagm albido medio Into. Whife garden Succory-likc Hawke-weeke. This Other Havvkeweeke is very likeuntothe former, but tn2t the leaves are fomewhat larger and broader, and more cut m or jagged on the fides : the flowers alfo are whidfli and more yellow in the middle, and lomewhac reddifh underneath. 5. Hiercictttm intnbaceumflore cameo . tv 11 S arden Succ °ry-like Hawkeweede.' Hie blulh Hawkeweede hath divers long and fomewhat r in o° U L h j aves i- yin 8 next the g r01,nd > very much or mop !r th 3 Cd m S ’ ^ r0ai among which rife five orfixe, LrTb v, nder lh * 1 ^,? wr,e and hairy dalkes, about a oote h gh or more, fpreading a branch or two, with Idler, 6 . The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. 33. 7^5 RIBE ___ 1 leffc divided (Saves thereon up to the toppes, where there are feverall large flowers, confiding of two or eerowes o( leaves, of a deepe blufh colour, of fomewhat a ftrong Opium-like fent, broade pointed and ked at the ends, the outermoft row being larger than the inner, (landing in rough fcaly huskes, wherein afeer- irds the (lender long browne feede is contained, which lying among much downe, are carried away toge- :r with the winde: the roote is compofed of a downeright firing, with other fibres thereat, which perifti- 1 after feede time. Tie 'Place All thefe Hawkeweedes have come to us from Italy, where it is likely they are natural!. The Time . ilhey flower from the middle of Summer to the end of/«£«/?,and the feede ripeneth in the meane time. The Names,, j -phe firft is called by Tauhinut Hieracium Intubaceum flare luteo, which he quotech in his ? max to be the eight J, his Prodromut, miftaken f .r the tenth ; and the fecond Hieracium Intubaceum flare mapno albido, this is there al- •imiftaken for the eleventh : they have both come from Italy, and Bed likewile from, Liflrbonc.^ by the name of dieracium Aphacoidet,and Sonchm Hierachitider.theUd is called by all Writers of it Hieracium Jntulntceum,and ire cameo, and ramojum by Pom in his ftalian Mount B*ldnt,{ or he accounted, the Hieracium parvum Crettcum '[ flujim, to be Hieracium Intubaceum nonramofttm, as I (hewed you m the Chapter next lave one before this i ; is alio affuredly the Hieracium Apnlum flare (uaverubente of Column*. The Venues. f Thefe kindes of Hawkeweeds are of the like temperature with the former, and.may performs as much in their iteration as they, and therefore X will referre you unto them to be informed of their qualities which may fafely ne transferred to thefe. , Chap. XXXIII. Hieracia Cichoriacaa. Wilde Succory-like Hawkeweedes. Qttintui Ordo, Thefift Ranke. I. Hicraciofolio Hedppmiiis. Yellow Succory like Hawkewcede. S^lHis Hawkeweede hath a few leaves next the ground, fomeyvhat long and narrow waved or unevenly dented about the edges, in feme more, in other lefle,and fometirnes liairie withall.yet plan¬ ted in Gardens hath littleor none at all: it fendeth forth a great many (lender ftalkes, with a few leaves fet difperfcdly upon them, fmaller than thofe below, and branching at the toppes whereat (land feve¬ rall greene fcaly huskes with yellow flowers in them, hanging downe their heads before they arcbkiwen,where¬ in grow crooked feede lying in the downe, and are feattered where it pleaftth the winde : the roote is long and white, with feme fmall fibres faftenedthereto, 5, Hieraciumfalcatum fiveftellatum, Starre-likc Hawkeweede. The lower leaves ofthis Hawkeweede are fomewhat long and narrow, with but three or foure dents on the. fides ending in a point.-the ftalkes are branched from the middle upwards,and at every joint a leafe under it bea¬ ring at the joynts and toppes feverall pale yellow fmall flowers, which turneinto heads of divers crooked feede like fmall round and hard homes or hookes, fet all molt round and ftarre falhion, feme of the feedes being lon¬ ger by halfe than others: the roote is milkie fmall and (Iringy perifhing every yeare after feede time. J. Hieraciumfalcatum barbatum. Herbe Impious like Hawkeweede. This impious Hawkweede (not that it hath any hurtfull qualitie therm,but becaufe the fide branches rife higher than the middlemoft,like the hetbe Impia or Impious Cottenwecdc)hath the lower leaves of two or three inches long, and one and a halfe broad,of a darke greene colour, and with but few dents on the edges: the ftalkes are fmall not a foote high,bearing but few leaves on them,and at the tops one fmall (lower, of a pale yellow colour, > fomewhat browner in the middle, compalfcd about with divers rough homes which grow hairy or bearded and! 1. Hieracium facie Htdffmiic. Yellow Succory-like Hawkeweede. 7 9^ Chap.34- Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 6 , Hieracium fSacrum five fiellatma, Starrelike Hawkeweede. fharpe pointed when they are ripe, from the bottome of this head rifeth one and fometimes two fmall branches, about fourc inches long with very narrow greene leaves fet on them, and a flower at the toppe made after the fame man¬ ner, and having fometimes a fmall branch or two rifing from the head thereof in like manner as the other. 4. Hieracium minimum five marinum falcatum. The little fea Hawkewcede. This little Hawkewcede rifeth not a above halfe a foote high, and from a fmall long reddiili roote, fendeth forth ve- rie fmall thread-like ftalkes fpreading into branches, bearing very fmall pale yellow flowers, which are compared about with luch like crooked homes, fharpe pointed as are in thedaft Khe leaves at thebottonae are as fmall and nar¬ row as they, hut a little more dented about the edges. The Place . The firft and fecond grow naturally both at Mompelier in Trance and in Italy alfo : the third at Naples , and in the wood Gramuntium which is hard by Mompelier ; the lad by the fea fhore not farre from Montpelier . The Time. , They keepe the fame time that the reft doe. The Names. The firffc is calledby Cafalpinus Rbagadlolus , and by Clufius Hieracium folio Hedypnoidis :the fecond is called b y Lobel and Lugdmtnjis Hieracium Narbonenfe falcata filiqua, by Cafalpinus Rhagadiolus alter y by Tabermontanw Hieracium tJA'Lonfpeitaciim^ and Narbonenfe , of fome Italians Sonchus Jlcllatm , by others Chondrilla fietlata Hieraciumfalcatum and HieraciumCaltb£ femme : the third is called by Columna Hi * eracium calyce barbato , & by Bauhinm Hieracium proliferum falcatum, who thinketh it may be the Hieracium minimum altreum of Clufius ; the fourth is remembred onely by Tauhinus by the name of Hieracium minimum falcatum . The Virtues. The Vertues of thefe Hawkweedes are a like unto the for- raer forts, and therefore there n eedeth not the fame things to be fpoken againe here which are there fet downs Chat. XXXIV. Hieracia Montana glabra . Smooth Mountaine Hawkeweedea# Hieracium \atifoliam montanum glabrum radius. Great fsnooth mountaine Hawkewc«k J Sextus Or do. The fixt Ranke. I. Hieracium Montanum latifolium glabrum- majus. Great fmooth Mountaine Hawkewecde. His mountaine Hawkewecde hath divers faire great leaves, fome- what narrow at the lower ends, and broader to the middle where it is broadeft, and ending in a point unevenly dented or waved about the edges, and comparing the ftalkes as they rife up, which bran- Hairdo as ujcy 111c up, wmcH oran- thing themfelves beare three or f oure flowers, as it were in an umbel] together, which feldome appeare open, but when they doe they are yellow like unto others patting into downe, and then into the winde as others doe. 2 . Hieracium Montanum latifolium glabrum minus . Sma !1 fmooth Mountaine Hawkeweede. This other Mountaine Hawkeweede hath his leaves and flowers in all things like the laft but fmaller, and the whole plant lower and lefler, in other things it doth not differre. 3 * Hieracium Alpinumpumilum Chondrilla folio. Small Mountaine Hawkeweede with Gumme Succory leaves. This fmall Hawkewecde hath a few leaves next the ground about foure inches long of a pale greene colour, fcatcely dented or divided on the edges at all, every r RIB E 6 . TheTheaterof Tlants, Chap, 35, jne upon a long footellalke : bnt thofe that grow up higher are of an inch long a peece upon the (hike which is lot above an handbreadth high, and divided at the toppes into two or three lmall branches, tearing every one 1 realonable laroc yellow flower like the others, and are more divided on the edges like unto the leaves of Gar- len Succory: the roote is fmall,blackifh without,white within,and abiding after leeaetime. Hieracium AlpinumanguflifoUam. The narrowed mountaine Hawkeweede. From the roote of this Hawkeweede which isreddifliand fomewhat wooddy fpring forth divers very long md narrow grade like leaves being about an handbreadth long, fmoothand of a darke greene colour, among which rifethup a fmooth round ftraked [falke about a footc high or more bearing a few fmall and fliorter leave's thereon, and divided from the middle upward into fundry branches having on each of them a fmall yellow, (flower which paffe into downe and then into the winde. y. Hieratium T’ragopegonie folio. (Soates-beard Hawkeweede. This mountaine Hawkeweede hath for his roote divers white firings iffuing from a fmall blackifli roote, and 1 from it fendeth forth divers long and narrow leaves like unto thofe of Goates-beard, each of them of a fingers length guttured or halfe hollow all the length, of a grayilh greene colour giving a bitter mil ke as others do,frofn among which rifeth a fmall tender-ftalke not a footc high, with fome few leaves fparfedly fet thereon Imalier then the others, divided into fome branches bearing fmall yellow flowers like the others, ourof/caly greene huskes pallin'’ into downe, that when it is ripe is with the fmall (eede carried away with the winde, , The Place. AU thefe forts of Hawkeweedes grow upon the Alpes, mount Baldiit and otheis in Germany from whence they 1 have beene brought to furnilh the gardens ofthc curious. The Time. • They keepc the fame time of flowring and feeding that the reft doe. The Thames. The firft is the Hieracium montanum majtn latifolium «f T abermontanw , whole true figure ( 7 nwrf hath fee forth r under the name of Chondrida Hijpanica,but the dekription pertaining thereunto is not anlwer.able: the fecond I both Tabermontanw and Gerard from him fet forth by the name of Hieracium montanum latifolium mintu : the I third Bauhinus hath fet forth in his Pinax and Prodromue (but hath miflaketi the numbers in his Pinax in fetting doWnc the feventh for the ninth in his Prodromut and fo almofl in all the reft of the numbers following) by the name of Hieracium Alpinum pumilum Chondrilla folio-. the fourth is not numbred by Batthinm in his Pinax but in his ! TrodromM by the name of Hieracium Alpinum anguflifimo oblongocjue folio, which 1 therefore here quote that thereader be not miftaken therein: the lift or laft Clufttu in his Panmnicke obfervations formerly fetforth under the title of Scorfonera rjuarta, but better confidering that the toote anfwered not to a Scorfonera altered the title in his hiftory and maketh it his feventh Hieracium hitmile. The Vertues. - You may like wife referre the vertues of the former to thefe forts of HaWkewdeds for they are thought to bee no leffe effeftuall then they in all the qualities and properties pertaining to them,for of any other particular qua- litie in any of them I have not yet heard or read. Ca»P. XXXV. Hieracia Montana hirfuta. Hairy mountaine Hawkeweede, Septimus ordo. The feventh ranke, I. Hieracium montanum Rapifolium. Turnep leafed Hawkeweede His Hawkeweede fendeth forth a few leaves [landing upon long and rough reddilh footllalkes next the ground fomewhat like unto Turnep leaves being rough and torne in very much on the lidc-s into round pointed jagges, among whom rifeth up a rough reddilh llrakcd ftalkc more then a cubit high, with one or two fmall Ihort leaves thereon, divided toward the toppe into many fmall _ branches, on every one whereof ftandeth one flower for the moll parr, or lomecimes two, of a meanc bigneffe and yellow which tutne into downe as the reft : the roote is fomewhat long and ftringy of a red- •difh yellow colour. 2. Hieracium montanum folijsdentatisfLore magno. Dented Hawkeweede. The leaves of this Hawkweede lye for the mod part all on the ground,being foure or five inches long, and one broad, a little woolly, and finely dented about the edges, of a fad greene colour : the ftalke that rifeth up to be a foote high is in a manner bare of leaves, rough and hollow, bearing one reafonable large, deepe yellow flower at the top.ftatiding in a fine fcaly huske which turncth into downe as the.reft. 3 Hieracium ramofummagnofore. Great flowred Hawkeweede. This large Hawkeweede hath a round rough ftalke two cubits.high parted into many branches, on every one whereof ftandeth a large gold yellow flower like unto Dandelion ; the leaves are an handbreadth long and three inches broad with a great ribbe in the middle,and many veines running through it, of a pale greene colour, and fomewhat rough,waved about the edges,and fet thereabout with fmall haires, and many veines running from it, 4. Hieracium Alpinism non lacimatum forefufeo, Mountaine Hawkeweede with darke red flowers. This mountaine Hawkeweede rifeth up with an hairy ftalke two foote high bare of leaves from the middle upwards, and with a few hairy darke greene leaves at the botcome an hand breadth long,and three inches broad, pointed at the ends, and witha little freefe about the edges: the flowers areof a red colour fee many together whichbeing ripe are turned into downe, and with the feede are bio wnc away : this is very like the PihfeJa major fet forth in my former booke, but is not the fame, .. " y y y 3 j, Hieracium . R I B E 6 , The Theater of Ttants. Chap. 35, 799 ~~ Hi eractum pHtnilam Alpinum prtmorfa rndice. Dwarfe mountains Hawkeweede. This dwarfe mountains Hawkeweede hath a fhort blackifti roote, bitten as it were half'e off with Come other tines let thereat likewife, fending forth fundry hairy long leaves about three or foure inches long andhalfean ich broad with long footedalkes under them, cut in on the edges in three or foure places on each fide, among hich rife Up diver, hairy (lender ftalkes, not above an handbreadth high without any lsafe thereon except it be n" ne nr rwo at tire rood beating one flower a peece, of a pale yellow colour. i Th re is f orne varietie obferved in this fort, one bearing (horter and rounder leaves without any footeflalkes Al,a * &*• inder them: another that hath the dalke branched forth diverfly. , }j ierM i um motitantmUntiginofumlacmntumpiirvojtore, Mountame woolly Hawkeweede. This mountaine woolly Hawkeweede hath from a long datke red roote many thicke woolly long leaves of a larke ercene colour, as it were (potted, and deepely torne in on the edges about three inches long,and one and a Malle broad yet fome narrower,each of them upon a footeflalke, among which nfeth up a finall foft dalke , jfan handbreadth high, bearing a few fmall yellow flowers at the toppes. Hieracium Alptnftm pumiltem lanuginof wnt. Small mountame woolly Hawkeweede. ■ This is fmaller then the lad and hath more hairy or woolly leaves of a fingers length and halfe the breadth ; the fealke is about foure inches long, bearing a yellow flower like unto the red, the roote is thicke and hath blac- pd/h firings. g Uieracium montar.um hirftttum minus. Small hairy Hawkeweede. • This finall Hawkeweede hath a few finall leaves about an inch long and fomewhat hairy, ent in or waved ontheedges the dalke is without branch or leafe, or feldome any appearing (andlomet me by the aboundance , 0 f nourilhiment it rcceiveth growing bigger in the middle) bearing a fmall pale yellow flower like unto a Sow- Ithidle and with fuch a greene liuske under it. 9 . Hierac'uim Alpmum latifolium villojam mtigno pore. Broad leafed mountaine Hawkeweede with a large flower. r This broad leafed Hawkeweede hath the lower leaves long and lomewhat narrow covered with a long hairy downe alinofl hoary, but thole that grow up higher upon the hairy dalke which is about a foote high are fome- I what (horter but three times broader then they, pointed at the ends and ieffe hairy: the dalke is branched into two or three parts., every one bearing one flower ufually, yet fometimes two or three out of woolly huskes of the forme and colour of other Hawke weedes. . , ^ j r n u i a 10 Hieracwmmontmnm ‘DextuItoHufolio mcano. Mountaine hoary Dandelion like Hawkeweede. The rentes nf this Hawkeweede lve longwife under ground with divers fibres fhooting downewards.andfcn- ding divers heads of leaves upwards, which ate not all of an equall length, but fome longer and (hotter then othlrsasof one twoor more inches long, and halfe an inch broad,withagreat or thicke middle r.bbe, covered over with a foft hairy downe or cotten.the lower part of them being narrower & much tome in on the tides, and the upper part broader and but oncly dented : from among which rife two or three ftalkes of a foote long, with. 12 . Hieraciummontanum atigvftifotiaw* Clufus his narrow leafed mountaine Hawkew^de* 13. Hieracium latifolium Voynomcum. Broad leafed Hawkeweede of Hungary* 800 C H a P. 36. T heatrum Botamcum. _ Tribe ~ out any leaves, and bearing onclarge flower at the toppe, of a deeper yellow colour then in many others. 1 1, Hieracium Britanicum (lufii Conyz,afolio, Fleabane like Hawkeweede. This Hawkeweederifeth up with round ftraked reddifh greene ftalkes halfe a yard high, fet with fomewhaci large rough leaves like unto thofe of Fleabane without order, but not fo fat or thicke and dented about the edges; compafling them at the botrome, and pointed at the ends: the flowers are yellow like other Hawkeweedes, fee in hairy huskes upon long footeftalkes which turne into downe, and with thewhitifh long feede is blowneaway W'ith the winde .■ the roote is compofed of many blackifh flrings which penfh not but abide many yeares, 12. Hieracium montanum angufiifolium five fextum Clujii. (flttfm his narrow leafed mountaine Hawkeweede.' The narrow leafed mountaine Hawkeweede of C/#/«tf>yeeldeth from the long and thicke blackifh roote,di« i vers heads of long and narrowThirpe pointed leaves iomewhat hoary upon the greene, from among the leaves of every head ftart up naked hard (hikes about halfe a foote long, bearing one large yellow flower at the toppe like unto others,and flying away in downe in the fame manner. Alttiuw. This kind is found to vary lometimes, having the leaves a little waved about the edges, and fometimes Idle hoary,and of a darke greene colour. 13 . Hieracium latifolium Pamonicum five primum Clufii. Broad ltafed Hawkeweede of Hungary, This Hawkeweede of Hungary hath divers large hoary leaves lying next the ground fometimes a little waved other whiles tome on the edges, fometimes with blacke fpots on them and fometimes without any, among which rifeth up an hairy (hike with very few leaves thereon,parted at the toppe into two or three other bran¬ ches,with every of them a large yellow flower like the great Hawkeweedes. Vnto this ranke or order is alfo to be referred the 4 Buglojfum luteum vulgare of Camerariw and Gerard, which is our Laugdebeefe called by Lobel Buglojfum Ecbioides luteum Hieracio cognatum , and by Tabermontanw Hiera. cium Ecbioides luteum, and by Bauhinus Hieracium Bchioides capitis lu Cardui T BencdiUi > but that I have expreffed it in my former booke. The Place, All thefe forts of Hawkeweedes are growing upon hills and mountaincs in feverall places of Italy and Ger¬ many ^c, and are alio found many of them in divers places of our owne Land. The Time, They doe all flower in the Summer when the other forts doe. The Names. The firft three forts and the fixt Bauhinus onely hath made mention of by the feverall names are in their titles; the fourth Columna calleth Hieracium GcrmanicumfratrU Gregory, and the fift Hieraciumpumilum ejuintumejufdem (fc.fratrji) Bauhinni maketh them the 17.and 15?. in his Prodromus by the titles here expreffed ; the fixtis his twentieth ; the feaventh is likewife called by Columna Hieracium pumilum (.ecundum , and the eighth Hieracium montanum afperum : the ninth is called by Clufnu Hieracium ejuintum villojum, and by Tabermontanw Hieracium latifolium montanum : the tenth is the eighth Hieracium folio Hedypnoides of Clupus, which 7 abermontanus calleth Hieracium montanum anguflifoUumfohjsCichoraccis : the eleventh is called by Clufius Hieracium Britanicum^nd is his fourth kin I ; the twelfth’ is as is laid in the titlc;the fixt fort of Clufius called by T* bermontantts Hieracium mon - tannm angufiifolium fecundum ; the laft is. the firft Hieracium latifolium of Clufius called by Camerarius Hieracium latifolium Pannonicum, and as he faith by fome Italians Cojla, or HcrbaCoJla, and by others Ingraffia di porci, and by Tabermontanus Hieracium r / hlomoides. The Vertues, < There is no doubt but that thefe fort of Hawkeweedes are as effectual! as any of the former, both their form and bitter tafteexpr effing their qualities, yet the laft hath beene found by many in our Land to have a particu¬ lar propertie, but fet downe by no other Author then ('amcrariui, who faith concerning it, that it is fingular good for the Tifficke or conlumuprion of the Lungs, to be taken either made into a Syrupeor Cqnferve, or the powther of the dryed herbe taken with hony, or as he faith they doe in CMyfia, put it into their Sallets, broths and meates for the fame purpofe, and is available for the plurifie alfo without any helpe of blood letting as it is affirmed by many credible perfons. Chap. XXXVI. Hieracia pratenfia, Medow Hawkeweedes. ' • Ottavworcb, The eight ranke. r. Hieracium prof unde fnuatum pubefeens . Medow Hawkeweede with deepe cut leaves^ T fi H:s Hawkeweede hath divers long and narrow leaves next the ground deepely cut in or torne on I the edges,and pointed at the ends with long footeftalkes under them,and covered with a foft dow- nyhairineffe as all the plant clfe is: the ftalke is hollow, round and three foote high, having a few fuch like deepe cut leaves thereon and branched diverfly, -whereon ftand gold yellow flowers on 1 e . crall long footeftalkes which paffe into downe like the reft: the roote is blackifh and wooddy. 2 • Hieraciumpratenfe non fmmtum majus. The greater uncut medow Hawkeweede. . The many and divers rough leave that lye about the roote of this Hawkeweede upon the ground are of five inches long a peece,and one and a halfe broad, without any gafh or dent on the edges being very greene,and en¬ ding in a round point, from among which rifeth up one Angle ftraight and crefted ftalke about a cubit high, wholly naked or deftitute of leaves,bearing at the toppe a number of fmall yellow flowers,let clofe together as it were in a tuft every one upon a Ihort footcftalke,which doe as the reft turne into downe and then into the wind: the roote 13 fmall and blacke with divers long firings faftned thereto. 3, Hier a- i T * I B E 6 . 9 Hieracitsm pratenfe nonjinuatum minus. The leffer uncut Mcdow Hawkeweede. This other and leffer Hawkeweede hath many leffer leaves & uncut next the ground, of an inch and a halfe long, and one broade being almoft round and rough : the ftalke that rifeth from the middle of them ftandeth uprighr, and is crefted, bearing at the toppe a few fuch like flowers as the former turning into downe : the roote is fomc- what long and ofa mcane fife. 'hr Place Thefe doe °roW in the fields and medowes, and t>y woodes fides that lie open to the Sunne. a The Time. They flower and feede when the former doe. 1 The Names, r Bauhinus giveththe name of the firft, as it is in the title : th: fecond and third 7 hallos maketh his ninth and tenth calling them Intttbui *yv»Jir4.vtot major and minor, and Tanhusm User acorn pratenfe mn (inoatum mains and minus. The Venues. Thefe being Hawkeweedes aa their face and outward forme (liewcth them to be. the vermes of thcHawke- weedes may be in ibme fort appropriated unto them* Chu. XXXVII. Hieraciafruticofa. Eufhie Hawkeweedes. Novus Ordo, The ninth Ranke. li Hieraciumfruticofum latifolinmglabrom. BufhieHawktWcede with fmoothbroad leaves. S His firftbufhie Hawkeweede fendeth forthfroma blackifh fibrous roote. fome round llraight hairie ftalkes three foote high, fet here and there without any order, with loft hairie or woolly leaves dented, or as it were bearded about the edges, foure or five inches long.'and ore and a halle broad, of a darke greene colour and pointed at the ends : the toppes of the ftalkes mnne into ihort fprayes bearing every one a fmall pale yellow flower. 4. Hicracium fruticofum anguftifoUavt majut « The great bulhie Hawkeweede with narrow kaves. Hsieoaium mr mm BouMlnode/i Fulmnari.GaUomnLobelij. sjhls hi* mot= hahy of the wall., wh.ch » Labels F rentb Pklmtmana. Hitraci u ?* 802 Ch a P.37. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 6 ' 3. Hierttcv-m fruticofumfoliofubroturido % Round leafed bufhie Hawkeweede. -b* vw,JW luuicwtiac liuauc. 3. Hieracinmfruticofum latifolitm hirf ututn, Bufihie Hawkeweede with roughbroade leaves. the ground without any incifmes or dents on the edges; the ftalke that rifeth up among them is two o^rhre” foote high, thicke fee with fuch leaves but lefle unto the toppe, where Band a few yellow flowers confiftinp f fewer leaves than in others, being but of one row of leaves bordering a middle thrumme w hich turnem to Faridas, downe: the roote isi wholly compofed of (brings and fmall fihres, which yeeldeth milke as moft of the Hawke° weedes doe .• fometimes this is found to varie with leffe rough, or rather with /oft leaves, and fomerimes with broader and rKnrrpr. 4. Hieracinm fruticofnm anguflifolium majus. The greater BuAiie Hawkeweede with narrow leaves. This other bufhie Hawkeweede groweth very like the laft. 6. Himacwmnmmumargufiifclum. Narrow leafed Hawkeweede of the walls. uuiu euuue iiawnewteuc 51UVVCIU VCiy 11KC U1C 131t, but hath longer and narrower leaves, fomewhat rough and dented or waved about the edges: the ftalke rsmore bran¬ ched at the toppe where the flowers are more and thicker, of faire yellow leaves, the roote is whitifh very long and deepely fpreading into the ground poffcfiing a great deale of ground quickly, for every little peece will grow being broken, andnoteafie to be ridoutagaine. 5 . Hieracinm frsticofummimt. The letter bulhie Hawkeweede. This letter buskie Hawkeweede rifeth up with a Angle (ingle ftalke halfe a yeard high, fet about with diver fhorts and imooth leaves in iome places, and with almoft round rough leaves in others, dented about the edges, bearing di¬ vers yellow flowers upon (hort footcftalkes, at the toppe like unto the laft : the roote is {hort, and as it were bitten off withoutany fibres at it. 6. Hieracinm tjltumrnm anpu/lifolium. Narrow leafed Hawkeweede cTfthe walles. From a thicke reddilh roote rifeth up a round rough ftalke almoft two foote high, fet with a few fhort and narrow leaves difperfed thereon, at the toppe whereof ftand many fmall yellow flowers as it were in a tuft or umbell clofe fet together, every one on a fmall long foote ftalke: the leaves thatgrow at the foote hereof, and next to the ground, are many long and narrow of fixe inches long, andicarce halfe an inch broad,coveted with a lofc downe or freefc, w hich grow fhorter as they rife higher on the ftalke- this is found much fmaller about Padoa as Tlaithir.w faith. The Place. Although thefears fet downe by Banhinsu and others to grow in feverall places in Germany t rf-c, yet fome of them have becne found in our owne Land, as I have oftentimes gathethered in thejway to Hampfiead-Hcath, and backe againe, efpecially the third and the fourth. The Time. Thefe keepe the fame time of flowring and feeding or rather later. The Thames. The firft is called by Tduhinm as it is in the title,& is the fecond Hieracinm latifolmm of Clti/lm :the fecond is fo called alfo by Baiihinus, as I have here downe.-che third is taken to be the Prime! APatthioli,yet no way anfwering to his figure as Lohel faith,being much bigger than it,and as it is though: by divers that the figure is but a figment, for iris not certainly knowne what berbe among all we have fhould be the right £n« of Die/cmdes ,in that none doth anfwer it in all points : Lohel in his Adverfaria, would referre both the Efnla Juki, Tragi hereunto, and his Tfnlafjlveflris alfo, hecaulethey give milke, and their leaves doeneareft refemble BafiU whereunto'Div/ra-bftr compareth the leaves oPErimts, and therefore as it (hould feeme («/?«• Dnr antes calleth Eriniu CMatthoh Bafi- licum acjttaticum : Gnilandimn calleth this Hieracinm Militari, Galeni , and LaEari, Plinij, who being demanded what herbe Matthiolw his Brims ftiould be, (hewed this Hieracinm, Hortm Eyfietenfs, calleth it Hieracinm fru. ticofum latifolium polyanthus, & called alfo by fome Hieracinm Sahaudum latifolmm,is the fourth is called by Lohel Hieracinm SahaudumanguHifolium, and Hieracinm ahernm graruUns ,f> or he ntaketh them to be both one, although the delcrtptton of their leaves be much differing,it is the third Hieracinm of Clu/itn, for as he faith hitnfclf it hath great affinitte unto Labels, if it be not the fame, Vodonaus tnaketh it his firft Hieracinm , Gerard maketh it his Hie- raemm Inttihacmm, and Banhimts calleth it Hieracum fiieticofum anguftfohummajus, as he doth the fift Hieraci urn ji uticofnm minus: the laft is added to this ranke not having any other of that fort to ranke with ip (for Ban- hinns his other forts of Hieracinm muronm , the one is our P ilefella major , called Auricula mm is major Tragi, of fome Chomri’Ja anrea and Palmonaria Gallornm, or Gallica which Ln^dnnenfis very unfitly calleth Corehorm Dale- champ f but is not Cofia Camerarij, .as Tauhimts feemeth to fuppofe(for Camerarins relerreth it to the Hieracinm latifolmm Panmmcum of Clnjlus, as I laid before in the laft Chapter fave one, and his ot^er is the palmonaria Gal- tea famine of Ttbermontm w if they be feverall (being noted to be Laciniatum)m& not one and is called by Bauhi. mis Hieracinm nnrornm angtifi,folium nonfmnatum.l have given you that figure here of tc^f/which hath narrower to n#> rnmtvir^ urif-Vi t-k.n r\C 7? " - r-r-s The f R. I B E 6 . TbeTheater of ‘Plants, G h a p; 38. 8b: 'the Vertuesi ' may be Jadged take them yee ilieede not a repetition of the lame things againe that have beene delivered, but 1 will referre you to the firft ■ anke otHawkeweedes, to perufe the vertues there appropriated to them and transferrc them if you pleafe here- ■into And fo much lhallferve to have fpoken of the whole family oftheHawkcweedes. Cha?. XXXVIII. Soncbns, Sow-thiftle, Ie/coridcs and the other ancient writers have fetdowne but two forts of So-v-thirties, d riding them intoroughor prickly andfmooth, fliny into blacke and white, Tbcofbraftui mentioncth onely the rough kind: but fince their time there have beene (undry other herbes found out, which doe fo ncarely refemble them,that they are therefore referred unto them as (hall bee prefently (hewed t but tecaufe' Sthere are fo many that beare that title I thinke good to avoid confufion to diftribute them into fnmdry Chapters ,;asyou (hall finde them mentioned. Smck\ aftercs. Prickly Sow-thiftles,’ Oidofrimnt. The frit ranke. 1 . Soncbns afper mayor non lAciniatus. The greater prickly Sow.thiftle with whole leaves. . ’ This, prickly Sow-thiftle hath fomewhat long and broad leaves of a whitiih greene colour, unevenly dented,- D (, ut not gafhed or tome on the edges, and every dent fet with a (harpe and (hort pricke fomewhat hard, and I fometimes prickly alfo along the middle ribbe on the under fide, yeelding a more bitter milke in every part where it is broken then the fmoother kind:.the ftalke is fomewhat tender and as it were winged with a (lime 1 running upon it, rough and (harpe, fet with fuch like leaves as grow below,diverfly branched with fmall pale < yellow flowers at the toppes which trirneinto downe and are blowne away : the rooteis long yellowifhand t fomewhat hard when it is growen up with a ftalke with a number of fmall fibres fet thereat. 3 . Soncbns afper minor non Uciniatus. The lefler prickly Sow-thiftle with whole leaves. Theleffer Sow-thiftle is in all things like the other but lefferin every part, having a rounder ftalke feldoms 1 above a foote high, fomewhat firmer and not fo tender, with fmaller leaves but as fliarpe and prickly as the for-' mer.fome becaufe this doth more ufually grow in the fertile grounds, doe account it to be the caufe that the leaves are whole and not rent,which is but an opinion with fmall reafon therefore. 1 . Soncbus ajper major non laciniarui , The greater prickly Sow-thiftle with wholelcavcr. 4 Soncbus ajptrlniniatuscreticns. Prickly Sow-thiftle of Candy, 3, Smcbw 1: Ml 804 Chap.^S. Tbeatrum Botanicam. T r 1 B e 6 . 3. Soncbtis afier laciniatm. Common prickly Sow-thifile. ’ This common Sow-thi[lle hath the leaves very much cut or torne on the edges into three or foure * leparate alunder one from another, and (mailer peeces of leaves fet betweene them of a whitifh ' ^ arts lnnc h [ like the foriner.and having prickles on the dented edges likewife: the (lalke groweth very high lomef^ CO * our and prickly, with (itch leaves thereon as are below, branched at the toppe, where crow (nrh low flowers turning into downe : the roote is like the other. pafeyel- i 4. Smchus afper Uciniatut Crcticus . Prickly Sow-tbifllc of Candy, This Candy Sow-thiftle hath the firft leaves little or nothing divided on the edges of an handbread h 1 more, but thofe that rife up with the flalke are very much torne on the edges into great and deenc 1 !? ant * with fome prickes likewife; the flalke is rough, [baked and hollow, halfe a yard high, branched fr ^' s ’ .j C die upwards, with fuch like leaves but fmaller fet at the j'oynts, at the toppes whereof’[land lame °7l the n mid ' ers in rough greenchuskes upon long footeftalkes which turne into downe as the other. " 0 r CIl0w ™Wi 5. Sonchui after fubrotundo folio major. 7. SORchus fruticojiis petraus ^fricanus fpi m r us 1 horn y ftrub Sow-thiiUeof ^jrua. * The greater round leafed prickly Sow-thiftle* The greater of thefe two round leafed prickly Sow- thiftles rifeth up with a round hollow ftalke not a footehigh, let with many fhort prickles at thebot- tome, whereabout grow a few leaves that are fome- what round and an inch and a halfe long, fome where- of are waved about the edges, and all of them a little prickly as well on the edges as on the backes, the ftalke is branched at the toppe into two or three parts, every one with a fmall pale yellow flower like unto an Hawkeweede, .which afterwards is turned into do wn e and into the windc: the roote is fmall and long with fibres fet thereat. 6 . Sonchui afterfubrotundo folio minor. The Iefl'er round leafed prickly Sow-thiftle: This is a fmaller fort by many degrees having fmall threadlike rootes and two fmall ftalkes about foure or fix inches long, bearing onely one fmall yellow flower at the toppe, the leaves that lie on the ground being fix orfeven in number are fmall and round pointed, and dented about the edges. 7. Sonchuifruticofui petrous Africanw ftinofus. Thorny fhrub Sow-thiftle of Africa. ThiskindeofSow-thiftle groweth fomewhat high, with wooddy ftalkes and branches much fpreadat the toppejand every twigge ending in very fharpe prickes or thornes, the lower leaves are much /agged and pnckly, the upper fmaller and little or nothing jag¬ ged, the flowers are lmall, Angle, and pale yellow, ivhofe feede fucceeding is with the downe as the reft carried away with the winde. The Place, Thefe Sow-thiftles grow in unmanured as well as m manured foyles fomemOrchards and Gardens wherethe leaves arenr.,.,11 in- , , , rough and unmanured grounds: the [aft as the title declarech amonvrke 1 e ^ Cr lefr<;rc,ivic!cti then in the and Sappbi, found by Bod mi brought to us. g " ro “ es and fton y grounds about Tuni, They doe all flower and fhed their feede from Midfommeror rhereahnnr all ,h„ c . UntilM*e«y? be paft,but the lad hardly esdureth a Winter with us “ h Sommer long, and fometime r • ,.) • Names. It IS called in oreeke '^ovy$(d. r no Ta aiduv .quod(alubrem r.tre. L T • kind is called After, afperior‘ 0 rfjlveftrif to put a difference betweene ,T a * n H 5 atlnes alfo call it Sonchm,and this firfl is called byTrngtu Intuhm fylveftrufeu erraticut acutd folus an d hv Cord le . n ^ x l w f llc * 1 ls or Uvior .The LobeLSonchus tenerior ncttleisafieriorauthorridiufetila bv Dodonaiu a if m fiona Sonchw afper major, by Sonchui alter in ruderibm , and by Baubimu Sonchui after non laciniatm mh “".‘"ft f’” c ^ ! “fierier, by Cefalpi. rm,Sonchui after minor: the third is the Sonchui offer of MattbioL v m hr he / C ^ ond ls cailed ty Cordm in hifto. due Ctcerhhaafperior, by Anfuilara Sonchui ftinofus and bv LuoZLJs,^’ d''T ^ 0tlberS ' b Y Cor- onelymentioneth by the name of Sonchui after lacinZscfee^ZX "Ttcl the , f ? Urth " lie fo cadeth, Sonchus afferfubrotundofolio major & minor ■ thelaflhirh IT ‘'le. the fift and the fixt heelike- ^ re venues A mme ln hlS t«ie »s it is fitted for it. - ■ m>tr.vw+ -) T R IB E 6 . The Theater of Tlants „ Chap. 39. 805 Chap.’ XXXIX. Sonchi Uves. Smooth Sow-thiftles. OrAoftcundm vfilgarit. The fecond ranke.' i. SonchusUvH. Common Sow-thiftle. H is common Sow-thiftle is Well knowne to rife up with a round hollow flalke three or foure foots m high or more fometimes, if it grow in good grounds and in gardens as ufually it doth, fet with ma- £ ny long and much tome leaves of a whitifh greene colour, not having that roughneffe or thofe vif (harpe prickles on them as are in the former kind, branching forth towards the toppe into divers branches bearing pale yellow flowers which paffe away into downe & with the feed into the wind a the roote groweth downe right, and hath many fibres thereat perilhing likewife every yeare, and railing it felfe ft of'itsowne flowing, and is as plentifull in giving milke as the former, which is fomewhat plcafanter and .'< not fo bitter, I. Sonchw Uvis alter parvis floribw. The leffer fmooth Sow-thiftle. ‘ This leffer Sow-thiftle groweth not fo high nor hath fo many leaves fet on the ftalke, but are long and more 1 tome on the edges.elfe not unlike to the former, the many branches of the ftalke have fewer and fmaller leaves 1 on them, and the flowers are much fmaller, yet of the fame pale yellow colour in moft, which paffe away into < downe as the rcft,&c. ' 3: SombiH UvU latifoliw flore Mo. Bread leafed Sow-thiftle with white flowers. The leaves of this are like the laft but fomewhat larger and broader and with fewer divifions on theedacs- 3 the flowers hereof are white, which with the forme of the leaves make the difference. ’ 5 4. Smcbu Uvit tnguftifolim. Narrow leafed Sow- thiftle. This Sow-thiftle hath but few and thofe very long and narrow leaves whofe lower parts are narrowed and ) have no incifure at all,but from the middle almoft forwards they are broader and have divers gaffes on both fides : fome greater and deeper and others fmaller efpecially towards the ends where they are broadeft : the ftalke3 -I grow fomewhat low and divided but into one or two branches, fet fparingly with leaves, the uppermoft where- of are long but not divided or very little compaffing the ftalke, at the foote bearing one large yellowifh flower ■ upon a long ftraked toppe branch, which being ripe flyeth away: the roote giveth milke as the whole plant elfe : befide,and is long and (lender with a few fibres. ‘ j. Sottchm Uvit vulde Uc'miatus. Sow-thiftle with fine cut leaves.' The leaves ofthis Sow-thiftle that gtowlowelt are long and divided into many (lender jagges, but thole that !• SoxchusUvk'vulgaTu. Common Sow-thiftle. Sonchas lavis alter parvisflorihus , The leffer ftnooch Sow-thiftle a art let at the ioynts of the (lender fmooth greene and high [hike where it braticheth, are fomewhat greater am not lo finely cut in on the edges, at the toppes are yellowilh flowers tike the others, of a middle fife which grov (j Sonchue artguflifeliuemaritimM. Sea narrow leafed Sow*thiftIe. This Sea Sow-thiftle from a (lender long roote wanting fibre, rife many long darke greene leaves, fomeo fonre and feme of fix inches long and fcarfe one inch broad, a little rough withifn.ll prickles about the edge which "ive milkeastheothersdoe, and among them one (lender ftalke about a foore or Idle high, with two a three leaves thereon which campaffe it at the bottome. and beare one or leldomc two yellow flowers at the top of a realonable bigneffe,which paffe away into downe tic. The Place . Th- firft and fecond [ometimes alfo, grow in Gardens and manured grounds, and fomettmes by old wall: the nathfides of fields, highwayes, but the third and the fourth in Germany : the lift about CKempeherwd Fhrem alfo.where they cate it familiarly as the common: the laftis found in the Ifland of Lio m the Venetian teritory and by Montpelier aifo. The Time. They doe flower quickly after they are fprung,for it is late before they rife out of the ground, and abide un- till isfugteft. The Names. It is called Sonchtu Itz is in Latine to diftinguifli the one from the other as is fayd before : fome call it Ctceriiit as the Italians doe to this day. Apuleiui calleth it LaBuca leporina, and the Germans thereafter, Flafen Lat- tauwe, fome alfo Hafen Kell, that is, ’Brajflca leporina : it may well be accountedas a kind.of wi.de Letticeitu fo like it others therefore call it Lattucella and LaBerones from the French LaiBerons, Tragm calleth the lull bitliu, (ylveflm five erratica tertiet , Lonicerus Endmafl/lveflris, Lugdmer.fi.: Andrjala minor Dalechampy, Cor- dm in hi florin Stmchus Unit feu hvis, al 1 other authors S onchns lavie, or non ajpera, or vulgar*, or lacimaw foltfi the fecond Matthioltts calleth Sonchus Uvti alter, and Label Sonchm alter profundss Ucinijs finuatolxderaceo Liu- fit* Sonchtu lavie vulr.irit fecundw, Tabermontanw Sonchm fylvatkm yuartus ; AnguiUra calleth it Scmolafpl- veftr* LaBuca fbecies Galeni, gefner inhortit Germania LaBttca fylveftris fiore Utteo , which although it aott in the outward face refemble fomewhat, yet it is much more bitter, and never eaten as the other forts ol fallet herbes; aAd Ca/alpintu LaBuca murorum, Bauhinm calleth it Stmchus. lavie LtcimaUu muralvparvvfionbm. the third Tabermonianus and Gerard have fee forth by the iamename is in the title, and Bauhinttf Sonc m svi minor paucioribus /acinus • the fourth Lobel fetteth forth in his Dutch Herball by the name of Sonchm Uvii Mat- tbioli , Gefner in Hortp, calleth it S »nchi qenus terra crifpa, and Cafalpinus faith they call it Terra crepe la w tfcotrftru or Florence , Lugduuenfis fetteth it forth for Creph Dalechampij , and Tauhinus calleth it Sonchus Unit at, g u J ‘J° iil [ t^c fife and future fee forth owely by \’Banhims by the names oiSonehusUvitin plnrimas & tcnuijjimasjacinui i -r and SoHcbm ant«fiif>li maritime : the Italians doe call it Smuh lifcto, and Gicerbita gentile ; the Spa- ‘ j, r, rr ai* and Severn ■ the French Lablerones, and Ifafair an licmre from the Latine Pa’atiam leptris, and as me have it Leporumcubilc ; the Germans Gem diftell,S , _ ' A .rhlfl-lc which Dalcchamt>iw{o\md, 3 nd Lngdnn'nfis hath fet forth, hath a great blackifh root This other f a (lened thereto,from whence rife divers ftrong, tall, round ftalkes, two cubits high or more with dl J ers , g . r u bu,. t hicke fee with broad leaves from the bottome to the toppes on both;fides, waved without any fmaller at the bottomes and broader toward the ends which are pointed: from the toppes- ° r ( rTalT^ and hkewife from the joynts with the leaves come forth (hort foote ftalkes, with three or foure fmali e Letrice or Sow-thiftle-like flowers on them, which turne into downe, and fo into the winde as others doe, lmall Lettice < ^ MmtMmUci ^ msnam r. The Idler Mountame Sow-thiftle. This Ieffer Mountaine Sow- thiftle hath the ftalke next the ground for a fmall (pace frnooth and round, fome- what hicke and wooddy, which then breaketh out into branches, and rifeth to the height of two foote or there wnat tnicK / leaves farre jn funder Qne from ano^e,. 0 f an inc h and a halfe long, and cut in on the°fides into feverall peeces, and pointed at the ends the flowers (land at the toppes of the ftalkes and branches, many fet one above another, as it were in a (pike, being fmall and yellowifh, which being ripe is turned into downe!and carried away with the winde as all thereft are, the roote is fomewhat blacke All rhefe f but the fecond which groweth among .Willowes and Rcedes, and yet I have here inferred for the tallneffe thereof) grow upon the hills in Axfirix and other places, and for their ramie arc nurfed up in Gardens. The Time, Thefe in their naturall places flower fomewhat late, but tranfplantcd are in flower about Mj, and their fee* • 7 . u The Names. n Thffirft 1 ,stalled by upon SmM'Ctrjhm and &°nchccicbor,m by Srndnu JZXlrHarcjmJ, the other of this lortsis Clnfm h.s -.Smdm *v,or Anflriwctruleo^r', the fecond is the fiftl lt of C», which he calleth Soncbn Um*r Aprvm i|che third is, as I laid, called oy LugJx- ^lasLcbls^idradrs Dalecbimplj : the fourth B whims fetteth forth by the name of Smchus Uv» / ■■ The Verities. Thrfe S SoTthiftles are ofthe like qualitie and operation with the former and therefore whatever hath beene faid of the other before may be transferred to thefe to fave a repetition of the fame things. j, Soncbus xiUofud kilcus major. Thcgrcatci'vvooUy Sow thjftle. Chap. XLIJ Sonctii birfntifive villafi. Hairy or woolly Sow-thiftles. Or do quartos. The fourth ranke. j. Sonchus vittoftts luteas major. The greater wolly Sow-thiftle. He greater woolly Sow-thiftle hath divers ve¬ ry woolly long rough and fomewhat narrow leaves lying on the ground pointed at the ends, and unevenly waved at large di- ftances on the edges, with a white middle ribbe in them, from among which rifeth up a woolly cornered ftalke a cubit high let with fuch like woolly leavesthercon but lefler and lefler up tothetoppe where it breaketh forth into fome few- branches, with loft woolly heads on them, out of which come gold yellow flowers, like in forme unto the ordinary Sow-thiftle, and like it alfo, is blowne away being ripe: the whole plant yeeldeth milke as the Succories doe, and is almoft as bitter: the roote is very long, white and {lender, with divers fmall fibres thereat. 2. Sonchus villofus listens minor. The lefler woolly Sow-thiftle. This lefler fort hath from a fmall reddifh long roote al¬ moft without fibres, two or three round woolly ftalkes halfe a foote high, parted at the toppe into two or three branches, whereon grow very narrow leaves about an inch long, litrle or nothing divided on the edges, but thole that grow lower and at the ground are narrow and a- bout foure inches long, with fome rents or divifions upon them fee farrea funder one from another, the flowers are of a deepe gold yellow colour Handing in fmall huskes, cove¬ red with a veryfoft and woolly downe which paffe into downe, and are blowne away, with the winde. The place. Both thefe plants are found in the woods about Montpelier in France, "and in fome other places of Spake and Italy. ' ' Zzz 3 The 510 A P. 42 , Theatrum Botanicum. 1 kibe 6 ,i The Time, Thc y flow)-er in the moneth of htne and inly, and the fecde ripencth quickly after, even with the othern The Names. The firfl is called by Lttgdttnenfis Sonch M lanatus becaufe of the whitenefie, like unto woolly and fome as h laith did call it alfo CMollugo from the foft woollinefle thereof, but yet is not the Mo Hugo PUnu, Haulnms !eth it SonchM villofus InteM major or as he doth the other Sonchw viUofus lutetu minor , and is called alfo bv f Hieracium tomentofam, and therefore might be referred to that family,but that I follow my author herein: ° “ The Verities. Thefe alfo are fomewhat bitter more like Hawkeweede then Sow-thiftles, and therefore may be auolved ' cordingly.for there is no author hath written any thing more particularly hereof. ^ * c " Chap. XLII. Lampfana. Nipplewort. was almoft indifferent whether Hhould fet this plant next after the Hawkeweedee and before ,W |M So w- thrives or after, in regard it commeth fo nearc unto both of them; but let it take place here now MMk as partaking more With thofe than thefe in my opinion, yet whereas all former writers have made one fort thereof, Brnbrnus hath added thereunto another that commeth very neare it, as you fhall heare by and by ; and lam boid to addc a third,which in my opinion may well be accounted as one of them 1. Lampfmavalgarit. The ordinary Nipplewort. ' Th,s [ Kr '? e (which I have entituled Nipplewort for the reafons hereafter declared ) fendeth fonh l.mdr, hard upright (talker,whereon grow darkc greene leaves from the bottome to the toppes.but leffer (till ,hr higher, in iome places whole without any dentson the edges, and in others with a few uneven cuts therein fome what like a kinde of Hawkeweede: the toppes of the ftalkes have fome fmall long branches which beare man* (mall (tarrelikc yellowim flowers on them which turne into fmall feedeitheroote is fmall and threddv this veel deth a bitter milke as the others doc. / CCi ; 2. Lampfana Auftriaca, Nipplewort of Attftria. This other herbe ( which I hold may be accounted as one of this kinde) hath (lender fmooth and folid ftalkes not eafie to breake, a cubit high or more, whereon are fet without order fomewhat long and narrow leaves broadeft in the middle and fliarpe at the ends,waved a little about the edges and compaffing them at the bottome veeldine a little milke: from the upper j'oynts wuh the leaves grow forth fmall firme branches, yet a little bending be^ 1. L mpfana -vulgaris. The ordinary "Nipplewort 1 . 2. Lampfana Auftriaca. Nipplewort of ^uftria. R IBE 6 . The Theater of‘Plants. Chap. 4.3» 8 j.I u rtiem fnure nr five long gceene huskcs and in them fmall purplilh flowers of five leaves a pescc |K in atfhebroTdcnds with lome (mail thredsin the middle, which tome into downe and fo ,nto the nnde : the roote is La^faZftlvatica. Wilde or wood baftard Nipplewort. This Wilde or wood kinde is like into the firft fort,but with iomewhat broader leaves,and more [lore of bran, hes.elfe in flowers and other parts not fo much differing.^ The firft groweth upon the bankes of ditches and the borders of fields almoft every where the other Clujtm I'aithhee found in Hangar ie and in Saxonies Harcyniafylva and other placesthe laft ts found neare woods tides md hedges rowes. The Time. Thev flower in the Sommer, and their feede ripeneth foone after. 1 The Thames. ■ The firft is taken by many to be the of Diofcorides ^ r od Umber'Jignificat paid folioram moUi. tiecadaca decubituvein bamum earn lambcre videatur ,and thereupon fome call it Lapfana -.but I fee no reafbn of this idifinition ■ the Latines keepe the fame name of Lampfana or as lome have it Lapfana, but I make lome doubt thereof fo although Diofcoride, giveth no defcription thereof as being well enough knowne in his erne yet hee it rn he a lallet or potherbe whereon the poorer fort of people did feede, as being the meaneft and chea- peft al cSiers wtch out of ^ 9 .- 8 . nfay a.fo be gathered when as /.«« Cafars Souldiers at • romDlaincd of the parcimony of their allowance in diet for their fervice by feeding on Lampfana, and ! ffnn”verfes thereof in fport-the fame Pliny alfo faith it was of the old Romans called Napmm yaafi T^pamfylve- n !,T; r K wa p the cauie of CMatthiolus^neuiUra, Gefner,Label and Lagdnnenfu, their opinion that tooke for ‘ k*! kinde of Charlocks with podsfas all their figures exprefle it, and as (hall be (he wed more amply n the proper place where I (hall entreate of their kinde) but this herbe hath no probab.htie to be the right being n-ver received by any that we can heare of to be as foode to feede upon : GeiWhath tou lely faulted in a double manner firft in fetting forth a falfe figure to that Lampfana ,which he ulually (hewed to all that went in company with him abroad in Simpling, wnich even this that is here fet forth and generally with all Herbarifts in thele times called Lampfana whfih differeth much from a Charlock that hath long pods: and then in giving it the Tml o^ockCrefs as though it were fome. wilde kind ofOrjJH when as more truly a. Lobe in Adv'rfay c;A iPmav be referred to an Hieracium or as I fay to a S embus. The firft is called Lampfana by Lobe l and Dodo- I his laft Edition (for in his former he tooke it to bee Eryfimnm ) and toMu who all give one and the fame true figure ofthis herbe as alio by Thahas and Cameranus who faith that in PraJJia they call it becaufe it is good toheale the Vlcers of the Nipples of womens breads, and thereupon 1 have entituled it Nip- rJpwnrr in £noliJh : by Gefner in horti, it is called Sonchis cognat,m and >» bcllo do college JhrpmmCtcbormm S \J S ; GerM Figure of Sonchm fylvaticm doth more truly reprclent this Lampfana : then his Figure Fpoivrth tor it The [econd is called by CUfius Soitchm lavior Panmmcm tjuartm parpurco flora, but I haveenti- tuled it Lampfana Aaflriaca, fuppofing it may more fitly agree thereunto, thenuntoa wilde Lcmce as Baubrnm dn'h whocallethic Labluca montanapttrpitreo flare : Columnar I faydbefore faith that this of CUfi was like tCunZmTanl purpureas but differed in fome things and fo doe I alfo, asfirft m the roote, Colusa his not being fo ftrin°ie as this of CUfius, and the flowers hereof having five leaves and his but .OLire, and therefore I take diem to be divers plants: If I have erred herein I refetre me to his cenfure that can confute mee by proofs : the laft is Tabermontanus Stnchus fylvaticus fecundue,which 'Batthims calleth Soncho affinn Lampfana (ylvanca. The Vertues. ■ . We have no properties to [hew you of this Lampfana ,more then what Camera, im as I fayd before hath given ns to underftand, which is that they in frit ft* from the vertues to heale womens breads, and their mppes when thev are fore or exulcerated call it Papillari, which may induce us to rhinke that it hath an elpeciall healing qua- litie therein,and that it is temperate in heate and drinefle, with fome tenuitie of parts able to digeft the vitulency of thofe [harpe humors that breake out into thofe parts. Chap. XLI II. LuBttca Saliva. Manured or G arden Lattice. ;*T> Here are two kinds of Lettice, the one ofthe Garden, the other wilde Of the Garden kinds I have in my former booke given you the knowledge of fomany forts.that it might ** fleme there had beene no more to have beene fet forth, for I there fliewed you eleven. feverall fortsbefidesthat fmall Salletherbe called Lambcs Uaw although it be no kind of Lettice as all know well enough, yet performed! theottic-^ot , Letticeina Sallet, whole Figure I here give you, and the ordinary Garden kinde alfo, but 1 U p 0n further fearch I have two other forts to bring to your confideration which (hall bee • declared in this Chapter,and the wilde kinds in the next to do e up this Claffis. f Lattuca folio oblonqo acuto. Sharpe pointed Oaruen Letacc. This Lettice diffetethnot in ftalkes, or flowers o.^manner of growing joe not cabbage, but in the leaves onely,which, are abou^:four j thatri f nnethth ro Ugh theleafe. ibout the edges an dendingma ftnall^pomwhe niiddle^ribb^ ^- lggeJ Lcui This Italian Lettice alfo differeth not from the ordinary fort but in the leaves which are cut into many fm. parts,of a pale grecne colour,very tender and pleafantto^eate^ Thefe forts come from My and are there nourfed up in the Gardens ofthe curious, but fade knowne tomn as yet. ■*# 3 * /hap*43- Theatrum Botanicum . Laflaca fativa. OardeaLctticc, R I B E 6 , i. Lafiuca cblcngofolie atuto. Sharpe pointed Carden Lettice. The Time, Their time of flowring, feeding, andfpendingis the fame with the common fort. The Names, Lettice is called ifLfef Thridax in Greeke.and inLatine Lattuca a laBis copia. The fird is taken by Baiihintu t0 [, ce the LaBtica Gallica oCCafier Dttrantes and calleth it himfelfe LaEluca folio oblongo aettto , the other alfo is called by him LaBuca Italica laciniata, and we in Englijb thereafter Italian jagged Lctrice, the Arabians call Lettice C*v» and Cberbas the Italians Launga, the Spaniards Lechuga and Alfalfa the French Laid tie,the Germans Lattilp, the Dutch Lattouwe ’anrl we in SngLfh Lettice, 7 he Verities, Although th:fe forts of Lettice doe differ in forme from the other. & each of them alfo one from another in the forme oftheir leaves,yet in oualirie thev arc alike, and acceptable to an hot ftomacke troubled with chollcr. ycelding good nou- rifliment to thebody,as both Serapio and Galen teftihe of the experience thereof on themfeives, and Pliny alfo (liciveth that the learned Phyfition MuPa did by Lettice eafe Asttralhit ofthc violence of ins difeafe. Calm ffeweth that theeatin™ . “oyie l Lettice at night when hee went to bed procured him reft andflecpc, who fhould havehadnone if hee had oecnc without it, having uled himfelfe to watching from Ills yongerdayes: the fame is found effebluall alfo with di¬ vers, or the juice thereof mixed or boylcd with oyleofRo- esandapphedto the forehead and temples,both to procure reft and lleepe and ro eafe the headachof any hot caufebe- ng eaten raw or boyled it heipeth to loofen the belly,and the boy ed more then the raw, which eaten lad perfo meth it the better and was generally fo nfed in ancient dayes which this * - Claude re R IBE 6 , The Theater of Plants. Chap. 44. 813 IK! CltntAcre'qu* czniu LaShtcafolelat avorum, _ , ‘Dicrmhi cur mstrM inchoat itia dafcs. Which may be thus, Lettice that earft our Qrandfires meales did clofe, Why it begins,pray tell me whence it growes. , , . _ ouencheth third,helpeth to encreafe milke in Nourfes.-and eafeth all griping paines of ths jhelpethdigeftion,quencn > ^ . it abatct h bodily lull, and therefore both it and Hue are commended a "d “ft'^eepe them the charter = it repreffethaho 0 r Monkes,Nunnes and outwar dl v t o the Coda with a little Cainfire,abatcth the prid. and heate of luft y merous dreames,. PP ^ _ aDp y vec i a lfb in the lame manner to the region of the Heart, Liver, or Keynes, i hichfome call the Coltes ev » PPJ “ diftilkd water ,wherein feme white Saunders and red Roles are put ;: by bathing the &idpl^iWtd. Mtofl “ nd repreffe the heate and inflammations therein,but doth alfo $ fo, ‘ s not Si thofe parts: the fame alfo tempereth the heate of Vtine, advifeth old men to u fe !omfort and ftryng fadicall moyflure, and that where fpices are wanting to adde Mintes, Rockec, and l: with fpices to conferee the rad ca y > rrenoe ( eed e s or the young (hootes of them, ro.abatethe uch like hot Sallet herbes,or ^ <^Ci , ^ and f he diftilled water of the Lettice worke the like: effefts old of the one and th ^ ea ^,° ' • is chiefly forbidden thofe that are flrort winded or have any i mperteftion In their Lungs^or doe ufc to fpit Wood; faith it did hurt his teeth and fome fay it hurteth the fight. Chap. XL 1111. Wilde Lettice'.' UZtHC* fylvtftn the wilde Lettice there are two or three forts to bee declared in this Chapter, wherewith 1 fhall ^ Clolc and fiinlh „d,re virafa. Broad leafed wilde Lettice. ThiswUe lattice rifah^with foure or five fomewh^atlpngari^largeleav^dmaller^at^the hot-- ? tome and!broader mbJ liUe * nt0 the Garden Lettice, or Garden Endive leaves or tome at a l,of a pale °rwhitifh green ^ before, which doe foe abide the firft winter after the lowing, fo that it will loone deceiv „ rhe flied feede ■ but in Muy following itbeginnethto rife up to a flalke,and whether in the Springer Autumne oft j| d r l bb “ Qn t he backe fide fet full of flnall fliarpe prickes: the flalke then thofe lower leaves w , hiph at the Ieaft, and as bigge as the thumbe of any mans hand at the hath rifen in my Garden to be ei S ht , f °° J ■* d " vers very long branches, whereon are let large leaves like ] S Wer JT t ’ f ° meWhaCb lTrhe lote P r and fo § to the middle oftheitalke fet with prickes in the manner of the the other but more crumpled.the low £ mQrc ■ d or div ided on the edges,all and every part yeelding bottome leaves,but leffer,an * Vi Vmplleth ftron® very like unto Opium or bitter in tafle; the flowers arc plenty of mtlke being broken,which fmelle n» f( J Ucr and | cr l yclloWj fcar f e ope ning themfelves, and very finaland (ingle tome what like unto L t * nc with f ma U blacke feede therewith very like unto bfacketttmffedefand ^arr^edaway with the wmde: the roote is white long and wooddy when it beareth feede and penlheth prefently Mveflrislacimata. Wilde Lettice with jigged leaves. _ This other wilde Lettice gtoweth like the laft but not fo high or great, the hrtt leaves are of a grayer greene colour, fmaller and narrower then the other, which to abide and afterwards gaine thornes or prickes on their bacK- fides as the other hath.- thofe that follow are much more lagged then the others, and fet with fliarpe prickes alio, velding milke as plentifull being broken and as bitter as the former, but doth fmell as ftrongly of Poppie or Opium as the other: the flowers and feede are like it flying away with the winde.but the roote hereof abideth after feede when as the other doth nor. 3, LtStun fylvejlrit purpxreo flare. Wilde Lettice with purple flowers. This great plant fometimes in moyft grounds rifeth up to be four'e or five cubits high but ufually two or three wito a ftrong great flalke fet on each fide with leaves (mailed at the bottome, and larger as they rife up higher, being largelt about the middle of rhe flalke, and then grow fmaller a- gaineuptothe toppe, all of them unevenly waved ■'bout the edges, and comparing it at the bottome, or a aarke blewifh greene colour on the upper fide and grayifti under¬ neath yeelding a milke when it is broken : die flowers hand uponfmall long Italkes ifluing from the joynts with the leaves from the middle upwards, with many flowers on them,confifting of foure darkc purple coloured leaves with divers threds in the middle,tipt with a yellow duft & a three forked ftile in the midft, which ftandetfl in long purplilh greene huskes hanging downe their heads and turne into T. Laftucafyhc/ltti Endivia folijt odors vitofo. Broad leafed wilde Lettice, ^4 A, fST'p Downe with (mooth grayilh (cede among it flying away with the winde : the root is thicke and to. • u *- but fpreading forwards, and having long fibres £ti^tm“ The Place, The two firft grow in divers places of our owne Land as well as beyond Sea the firft in rh P c c and by the hedges and lanes fides of Backinrhamfiire.the other on a hinh hankr’hv c th borders of fields Grayes-Inne-lanc unto Bradford bridge and! mfny o^r places. the fft i found'uuon hilkS S ° !ng d0 "' ne divers parrs o( Germany mentioned both by Gefrtcr, rWiLud'others, andinX^aHo- SSj3r*" The Time . .* young buds^nif° Werab ° Ut thcir ^ cct * er ‘Peneth and isblowneaway while it is in flower and hath , The 2^ames t it is called in Greeke Qe.J'a.m » Thrid a cine y and d^ P U k„ -j • . , 9 ** Mi folioficuheo mu mtlexpertia /urn, fome faith ^ Pliny lib in cat ? 'called ^ p J 10 ?^ TO ® r ' m '’- V « L*a«cu agrefii, and fylvejlri, a ladi, copia becaufe it siverh mnl’ n ^ > >'l Latine Succory doe/or became it caufeth milke in women. Tffcrct a conrroTerfie Til " ° f the Endi ^° r plant fliould be the true L«a„cahlv C firU of Viof'orides TbZllffl ^A r I r S T moderne writers what difprove, for that which Wi foteth forth, Loll fi n 7 eth(aTwfthft ’ °T al ^ of “t others firft is called by Tragtu £rcl,v,a major, as hce calleth the othcr^lLlT, ' n " g Tbc another place of his bookc Laduca fyheftrie prior and ahera his later forr he™’ df 7 n ‘u eth the hme P Iants ‘“ other. W*i„ m y minde hath erred in miffetting Traw^fJ^ ^ he , fir(l , hete > «<* h. s f>W^the calling it L-ducaEnLufolio, and a UduTSullii but “”>3 ^ < 1 "*". Iertiae * tice, the one not having any bitternefle therein nor prickles on the leave , . ° , a , aiden and a wildc hcr- ter of Lcttice for Uattatfylveflrie v erlDalechanpb, , nd in tcT ChX fl r ^ d ? WnC ,n tiie Cha P' Thepm Da/echampij , whereofP/2V7outof Theophrafhie maketh t'enrinn cer ofthc fa me Eooke calleth thisfirfl fir,A„el d Qpiji T|ie fec J dlscallcd JilZ’jff* E b y" Zio “ L *Tr? he - Thalttti and others, Urunfellhn and Tratnu as I favfte^ll d i xk , ’, tKch ) M Dodomui , Csfa/pintr, Apothecaries fhops it was fo accounted fnd ufed, taken from hoitalllT' wtofc'Philf"" 3 ' 17 ’k *" Germ "“ other permitted the errour Libel calleth ir leri. Annett ’ Whole Phifitions not knowing any and *rr»/„ according to the^rece v ed^ „„f n f^**««"*• D-a/ccriAs.and £rWw ^ inffwa (jlvefirU flore purport, and timeb<= Endive ' The laft is called by Cc/wr y r»^rep«, f » r „ jand frberefiem ptmceo flore, ThaHm Lallt,c l ,[ y lv ! Jlrmd^eJ^& and Trib 6 . TbeTbeater of Tlants. .HAP, 44 * '---; . „ vurtHreM mcrnn-mxiv, Tabermentanw maketh it his third Sonchw, and taketh it ffSiSw ZotThlplLfi^ whkh Gerard fetteth forth undcrthc title of Er^fjlv'fin .and ° be / th ^fZlftL s»m »»»«»<«?»’■?*" Mrti" wjw. becaufe he maketh that to be the mmo, hereof which I BmImm The Italians call this wild kind L«tt*g«f*tv*tics,t he SpaniardsLechfsgafah«j*ind AC. Ufaflha^fil iW> 'uittuefauHstge, the qermms Wilder Lettick, the “Da tch wilde and wee m f» g U[h Wilde Lettice. Tfe-zWr. , . . - . 1 .- r- me nrnnertie of cooline that the Garden kinde is, although the bitterneffe therem m^ethttth P S Uties t0 worke the better, no cold qualiue being.power nil ofit felfe, lt£ T e wpfore as Succory! PoPPie,or Opium it is more availeable to procure fleepe then the Garden kinde, and to an ? that are gtren to much watching, which by the feede, the juice or the cnftilled water drunkc or out- cafe them that are giv b ilde lettice gathered and dryed in the Sunne and given in wardly apjAyed pcrformeth well, the tmlke^ottK Wi c > urfo , and tohel | c(t; diftilled water Ofthe whole herbe is (ingular good to or poyfon o' thebcorp V peftilentiall fevertthe faid juice diffolved m white wine and a little hony mix- *^d thei'ewkh'being dmp^din^the eyes doth wonderfully ftrengthen the fight,and cleareth them from rniltes, fflwoSw growing over them- And as fome are of opinion that it may be ufed in head of the Garden kinde for any the phyttcall purpofes before mentioned. PLAN- S16 Chap.i. Altera fe¬ mme ni- gre/ccr.te. Tr I B E 7 - PLANTiE CALLID M ET ACRES. HOT AND SHARPE BITING PLANTS. CLASSIS SEP TIM A,’ the seventh thebe’ CHAP. I. Eruca. Rocket.' Rom the coding herbes l am now come to thofe that are hot, (harps:, and biting upon therClaflis e ^ eCIa ^ (UCh ^ are not um ^ e llferous or more properly belong to an 0 - There are divers forts of Rocket, fome growing in gardens) whereof I havefet forth one in my former booke, which is the moll common with us, and called by Camerariu* ,n hortoErnca tern a Axghc *, as I take it:) fome wilde growing in divers differing pla- CCS. Others that ffrrrnr nparp t-Lp fpo GA** • /Venire a—- i- _5r Id , cs- wuuigiuwing in aivers differing nla- I ces, others that grow neare the fea fide : to fpeake of them feverally in divers Chapters I is the bed way, and not to cloy one Chapter with too many forts. ^ ' Erucafativa alba. White or ?!«««« garden Rocket with white feede. ... , The *«««»» Rocket is a fmailer plant than our garden kinde, having fomewhar broad leaves cut m on the edges, but not fo much nor fo deepe, each part being rounder, and round atThemd whirl" n f ° h0t f A° r 1 P " 1,1 ta ? C Vl Cfta r c hath L fome ‘“ves thereon, Idler, and leffc jagged, and beareth white flowers at the toppes, made of foure fomewhat long and round pointed leaves, after which come fhort pods fomewhat long and round with a fmall peece at the end, wherein is contained whitifh round feede • rh*» ’ P relenr1 / afte l r . tl j e 1( ; cc,e is n 'pe- We have an other very like in leaves unto the former nfech t,ree or footc high, branched into many parts with the like leaves on them, and lame W u*jfo/fo we . rs a ” nc , ro PP cs of foure leaves apeece, alfo round pointed, with a blackifh line in the middle nf each lcafe having (lender long pods with fmall blackifh browrte feede therein: the roote perifhin° in like ma-inpr *■ Srucalatfolia. Great Garden Rocket. Tins large Rocket hath broader and larger divifions at the leaves, and fmailer at the ends than our ordinary garden Rocket and each part more unevenly dented about the edges, the flowers hereof are more yellow and en dining to a gold colour, and che feede fmailer and darker in fmailer and longer pods. y : 3 - Eruca maxim* Americana. Great Ilockct of America. This fruitf. ilherbc rifetl, up to a mans height, withanumber of rough hairy flalkes branching forth on all fides, and let with divers long and pointed leaves unevenly dented about the edges, fomewhat ltkeunto thofe o Eyfimac.y. Loofe ftrife, but having a fmall downy hair,neffe upon them rafting fomewhat fweete atthefirft faur iliarpe afterwards, the flower, are many that (land at the ends of theftalkes and branches, confining »f f yellovy leaves apeece, which turne into (lender long pods, containing fmall feede that.are iweetifl,, and there! fore I have rather placed it here for the mildnefle than with the wild! forts. tnerc- The Place, _ , „ The Time. They doe flower about lane and and their feede is ripe in Auoufl, r • „ . • „ The Names. aal'bmlu't and Eruca in Latine, 9 # odvellicand,. Unborn Sj«af, erodat. the Arab,am call it Jergtr and Er g ,r -. the Italians Racket,a and Rucolafutile, the Spaniards-. Ory.ga and i and }Aruga : the French Roquette : the Germans Rauhen and Rockelen : the Dutch Rukette ; and we ip Enqlijb Gar¬ den Rocket, Romane Rocket, Rocket gentle, and white Muftrad leede. The firft is called by Tragtd Eruca Jive ' Ruculamarinet major fay Cordus in hi florin Erne ula major ,yet he giveth thereunto long blacke feedes which cannoC ; agree to this, and quoteth Tragus to agree with his, which hath yellowifh feede ; of Lugdunenfls Sinapi hortenfe fr alburn^ and LobelSinapi fativum femine alfyo duplo quant Thlajpi vulgaris majore • there is no other that I know hath expreffed this fort, for Matthio/w and others have fet forth a garden kinde that beareth yellow flowers, and fmall browne feede in Render long pods, which Gamer arius calleth Eruca Anglic a :rwe doe ufually call this £m- ca flore & femine albo , to put a difference betweene it and the other; the fecond is called by Rauhinns Eruca lati - | folia, and mentioned by no other : the laft is fet forth by (Jornutus among his Canada plants., The Vertues, This Rocket gentle fo called from the Italians who by that title of Gentle, underhand any thing that maketh one quicke and ready to jeft,to play,or to Venery as this herbe doth,or that it is more pleafant and gentle in tafle, than the wildc kinde ; itisfeldome eaten alone but among Lettsce, Purflaine, or fom'e other cold herbes to tem¬ per each others cold and hcate;for as it is Paid by Galen it procureth head-ach if it be taken alone: it is in a manner wholly fpent as a fawfe or condiment to meate, to quicken the appetite and to pleafe the palate, or to enrreafe fperme and Venerous effedls, for which purpofes Martiatl fhevyeth the cffefls in thefe Verfes, EtVenerem revocans Eruca morantem. And Columella thus, Iamqitc Eruca falaxf&cundoprovenrt horto , And Ovid Nec mirrn Erucaijubeo vitare falaces . But as for any Phyficall qaalitie I know not any it is employed upon, for that the wilde Rockets, as you dial! heare by and by, ate ufed for all fuch purpofes, except in the want of the one the other may be taken, but as it is more milde and gentle in tafie, fo it is alfo in operation. Chap. II.* ■ Eruca fjlveftrii. Wilde Rocket. F the wilde Rockets that are more feldome ufed for fallets or fawfe except nntocjiurlifh ftomaeke; and are moll: fpent in Phyficall ufes, there are divers forts, as (hall be here declared in this Chapter,’ and the other three that follow. t. ErucafylveftrUvulgatm. The more common wilde Rocket. This common wilde Rocket hath longer and narrower leaves much more divided, and intofien- erer cuts and jagges on both fides of the middle ribbe, of a fad over-worne greene colour.from among which H- Aaaa ' J f e th 8i8 Ch a p.2. 'Theatrum ’Botanicum . 1 r i b e feth up divers ftifTe ftalkcs two or three foote high, fome- times fet with the like leaves but fmaller, and fmaller up¬ wards, branched from the middle into divers ftiffe [hikes, bearing fundry yellow flowers on them made of foure leaves a peecc as the others are, which afterwards yeeld fmall red- difh feede in fmall long pods, of a more bitter and hot biting tafte than the other, as the leaves are alfo, 2. Eracnfyheflrit minor parvoflare. Small ill (belling wilde Rocket. This fmall wilde Rocket doth not much differ from the laft but in the fmellnefle of the leaves, branches, flowers, and pods, for in all it is leffer, and the leaves, although as much divided, yet into lmaller parts, and fmelleth nothing well. 3, Erttcafy’veftrU minor Etrrftymjlorit folio. Small wilde Rocket of Momfelicr. This is a very fmall Rocket, the flalke not growing'much a- bove an hand breadth high, and fomewhat rough withall par¬ ted into fmall and fhort branches with a few leaves upon them at the joynts, which arc little or nothing divided, but thofe that grow at the foote of the flalke next the ground, are fomewhat long and more cut in on the edges into divers parts, much like the leavesof Shepherdes purfe, and rough likewife; the flowers are fomewhat large and yellow [landing upon long footeftalkes, after which come fmall feede in fmall and fhort pods. 4. Smcnfylveflrh minor inemn. Small hoary wilde Rocket. The hoarie wilde Rocket rifeth up with divers hoarie or whitifhgreeneflalkes halfe a foote high, and fometimes low¬ er, branching forth at the toppes into (bort fprigges ot'an inch long, bearing many fmall yellow flowers which turne into ve¬ ry (lender and fhort pods with feed e: the leaves at the bottome are many very fmall cut and jagged, and hoarie over the whi- tifh greene, as thofe upon the flalkes growing on each fide one above another are alfo. T. ErucoJylvefhii'oulgaliir. The mare common wilde Rocker. 5 . Emit c.cwl:a. Blew flowed Rocket. ffEruceJylveJtru anyylfiifolia. Narrow leafed wrldcKockcc. Tribe 7. The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 5 . 819 5. Eruca czrulea. Blew flowred Rocket. This kinde of Rocket hath the lowed leaves cut in on both fides fomewhat like a Rocket, but more like ; Groundfell in my mind, from among which rife up divers hairy ftraked ftalkes fcarce a foote high, bearing rough r hairy leaves on them, leffe jagged, and fome not at all,(hotter alfo and narrower: at the toppes (land the flowers a one above another of an excellent purplifh blew colour made of foure leaves, after which comefmall long : frnooth pods with (mall reddifh fharpe feedas therein : therooteis long (lender and reddifh with fome fibres 3| tlicrcflt. 6 . Erxcafylveftrls anguflifolia. Narrow leafed wilde Rocket. This plant is doubtfull whereunto it might be referred, in that it participated) of divers plants, namely of thd leaves ot Tarragon long and narrow of the colour of Rocket; the yellow flowers of wildc Rocket upon (lalkes acubitehigh with cods of Mudardor Creffes and hot (harpe feede, and the whole face of BanckeCref- :i fes, yet the talk of Rocket. The Place. Many of thefe are found wilde in divers places of our Land, although they are recorded by divers Authors to ; grow in others, yet fome of them are [hangers to us, and therefore imparted to furniih the gardens of the 1 curious. The Time. They keepe the fame time to flower and feede that the others doe. The Names. The fird is called Eruca fylvefris by Matthiolm, label, Ttodonaus and others: the fecond is called by Cjefncr lx J coUettione flirpium Eruca fyiveftrie faetida, by Tabcrmontanm Eruca palufirU minor fry Lueduncnfis Eruca (ylvefirls, I andEry/imamveram,andby Gerard. Sinapipalujlrathe third and fourth Bauhinm hath let fort 1 , by the fame names 1 are in the titles the lift Bauhinus hath fet forth in his Matthiolw and Phytopinax by the name of Eruca / . yrrh , ccrulca, and in his Pinax by the name of Eruca cerulcain arenefis crefccns: the lad is the Erucafytveflria angujli. f folia of Lobel which Bauhinus calleth Eruca angufiifolia Aullriaca. The Venues. The wilde Rockets are hotter and dryer than thofe of the garden, more ffrong and efteftuall alfo to encreafe fperme and Venerousqualities whereunto the feede is no leffe effethialll than the herbe ; iefervech alfo to helper 1 digeftion, and to provoke urine exceedingly : the feede is ufed to cure the bitings of Serpents, the Scorpion, and i the Shrew-moufe,and other poyfons,and expellech wormes and other noyfome creature; that engender in the bo¬ dy. Pliny writethf but that it is too fuperftitious to relate jthat if one gather three leaves of Rocket with their left hand,and bruife them, and drinke them in mede or honied water, it (hall cure the j‘aundi(e,and chat he that fhonld fuffer whipping or beating, by drinking hereof in wine, (hall not have any fence thereof or feele any paine, but I wifh that Phny had beene a true relator hereof by his owne experience fird, that others might have beleeved him the better: the herbe boyledorllewed, and fome Suger put thereto belpeth the cough in children being ta¬ ken often: the feede alfo taken in drinke taketh away the eviltfmell of the arme-holes or pits, and of the reft of thebody, and encreafeth milke in Nudes breads, and waftech the fpleene : the feede of wilde Rocket mixed with hony and ufed on the face clenfeth the skinne from (p its, morphew, and other dilcolourings therein, and nfed with Vinegar taketh away freckles and other redhetfe hapning in the face or other parts, and ufed with the gall of anOxeitamendethfoulefcarres.blackeand blew fpots. and the markes of the fmall poxe reftoring the skinne toiits owne colour againe. As both thefe Rockets, and the former are forbidden to be ufed alone, in regard their (harpneffe doth fume into the head .there caufing each and paine,fo they are no leffe hurtfull to hot and chol- lericke perfons, and robe forbidden them for feare of inflamming their blond, and therefore forfuchwe may fay a little doth but a little harme. Chap. III. Barbarea. Winter Creffes, or ratherWinter Rocket. Nto the Rocket (and not unto the Creffes as the name hereof commonly givetu doth import ) by the/udgementofthe bed Herbarifts in thefe dayes pertaincth this Barbarea, whereof there are two forts more, although untill very lately one onely was knowne. I. Barbarea jimpliciflore. Common Winter Rocket or Crefles. The Winter Crefles or Rocket whether he will, hath divers fomewhat large fad greenc leaves lying upon the ground tome or cut into divers parts fomewhat like untoRocket or Turnep leaves He nothing like, Creffes with (mailer peeces next thebottome, and broadeat the ends which fo abide all the W inte (if tt ipi mg up \n Autumns when it is ufed to be eaten either greene or dewed ) from among which rifeth up '.vers fmall round ftalkes full ofbranches, bearing many fmall yellow flowers of foure leaves apcece, after win h come fmall long pods with reddifh feede in them : therooteis' fomewhat dringie, and perifheth ever after the feede is ripe. 2. Barbarea floreplena. Double flowred Winter Creffes. The double flowred Winter Creffes differeth not from the former but in the great nefle of the ftalkes which are bigger and crefted, yet (liorter in the leaves being an inch long cut in on the e Jges in the fame manner, and in the flowers which are double and fomewhat larger but yellow as the (ingle, and in the rooce which perifh¬ eth not but abideth many yeares. 3, Barbarea minor. Small Winter Crefles. This fmaller fort hathblackifh greene leaves fomewhat j'agged or torne on the Tides refembling Moth-I lullein, the flowers are yellow and leffe than the former, and fo are the cods likewife; the rooce hereof perifheth like thefirft. The Place. Jbe firft groweth oftentimes of its owne accord in gardens and in the fields alfo by the paths; and wayes fide 7 A a a a 2 in 820 Chap. 4. T heatrum Botanicum . Tr 18 E 7. in divers places, and by name in die next Pafture to the Con- tad in divers places, ‘ .-- -”, duic head behind G ajes-lnnc that bringeth water to Mr. L ambes Conduit in Holbornc : that with double flowers was found in the province of Berne among the Switzers, and the laft in G ardens onely both with us and in German]/. The Time, They doe all flower in CMaj and the Angle ones doe feede in Iune and then peri&.but the double abideth greene both Sommer and Winter. The Names. It hath no Greeke name that 1 know except it fliould be the d-SLiJigSwor F'feudobuniurn ofDiofeerides which Lobel tmnketh fliould rather be Pfeudobuniat,(ot having (hewed the difference betweene 'Bumftm and Bum.is, the one that is Bmnum to bee tf«/£wfcudobumat,Anguilard Scopa regia, and Fuchfistt Sideritis tatijfima, Tragus maketh it his Sin,pi 5.genus, and Bauhimu calleth it Eruca Intea latifiha five Bar. barea : the fecond Bauhir.us onely hath written of and calleth it Eruca luteafive Barbarea flore plena : the laft Label calleth r Bar- barea minor Herba Saudi Alberti Bonomenfmm, and lo doth ft* falpinuus alfo. Bauhimu putteth it among his forts of Enfimum and calleth it Erjfimafimilis Uvis laciuiata ftaribui luteis. The Italians and Spaniards arc fcarfe aquainted herewith being more peculiar to thefe colder climates, The French, high and . r 1 1 r -11 Tsrimi namai Cm r*-\ ex f 1. Barbg'ca fimplex. Common winter Rocket or Crcffej, more peculiar to thefe colder climates. The French, high and , r „ Tr » low ‘Dutch and we doe follow the Latine names,lomeof Saint Barbary and fomc of Winter Crefles,or as I fayd before more properly to be called Winter Rocket. r r The Vert ties. This is fomewhat ftrarpe in tafte and withall fomew hat binding,whereby it may eafily be knowne to bee hot and dry,and is profftable to provoke urine,and helpeth the ftrangurv and to expell graved and the flaneur is alfo of good eftedl:in the Scorbute or Scurvey,and may be uled for it to very good purpole : it is alfo found by good ex¬ perience to be a fingu'ar good wound herbe both to clenfe inward wounds, the juice or deception of the herbe to bedrunke.oroutwardly applied to waih fowle ulcers and fores,clenflng them by the fharpenefie and abating the dead flelh growing therein, or hindering it from growing therein, and healing them by the drying qualitie : It is 11 fed as Rocket or Crefles eaten in W inter when varietie of Sallets are not to be had with as great deflre and content as any other for that time. cha?. iiii. Eruca marina . Sea Rocket. F the Sea Rockets there are three or foure forts, with notable differences as you may perceive in the fucceeding Chapter. 1. Eruca marina Angltca, F.nghjb Sea Rocket. The English Sea Rocket ("for fo I call it for diftinflions fake, and that this fort and none of the j other groweth on our coafts,although it grow in other countries al(o)hath divers ftalkes.fome tray- iingupon thc^round others Handing more upright (but brought into Gardens it fomewhat varieth the face both in if alkcs and leaves) fcatttringly fct with final 1 long leaves thereon waved as it were on the edges like Ground- fell or Rocket (bntlonge, and leffer in the Garden) at the toppes of the (hikes grow the flowers, of a pale pnr- plilh colour of the fafhion of theflowers ofRaddifh compofed of foure leaves, after which come feede fafhioned like a wheate Come (fuch alfo it beareth in the Garden ) but greater, which are fomewhat fpongie and not fohd.not two joyned together as it is fet do wne to have by the Sea fide,but every feede Angle by it felfe. 2. Erucamaritima Cretica. Candy Sea Rocket. The Sea Rocket of Candy hath divers fhort and narrow rough greene leaves next the roote, cut and divided on the edges into fmall parts: the ftalkcs are ftraked and crooked about halfe a foote long bearing flowers’at the toppes(which Bauhinut who giveth usthe knowledge thereofhath not fet downe)but if it be the fame that Lug- dunenfis fetteth forth by the name of Eruca maritima, which as he laith CMjconut fent out of Spainc as I am ve¬ rily perfwaded it is, it hath pnrplifh flowers,and three fquare pods with feede,and after them divers rough croo¬ ked and joynted pods three or foure inches long,containing fmall reddifh feede : the plant is hoary all over both fialkes and leaves, 3, Eruca 3. Sruca MenJjjeliacafilitjua qundringula} Square codded Rocket. This fquare codded Rocket hath the lower leaves fmall,long and narrow,hairy, rough and waved or cut in on the edges like (Sroundfeil or Rocket, from whence rife two or three ftalkes that are round, rough and reddifh ac the bottome fet with fome Icflcr leaves,leffe divided then thofe below,and when it is full of flowers almoft not at all: the ftalkes are branched at thetoppes bearing many fmall yellow flowers of foure leaves a peece after which (ucceede final! fquare fmooth pods, hard when they are ripe, with a rough fharpe point at the end, and open into two parts,with one brownifh feede lying in each part or fide, and is turned like a (haiie pointed at the ends, and (harpe in tafte upon the tongue: the roote is fome what thicke and white, with fome fibres faftned thereto. 4. Entca marltima Italica. Italian Sea Rocket. The Italian Sea Rocket hath fome long and narrow leaves growing next to the roote, very much and finely cut into divers fmall parts, having the flalke branched diverfly, and fet with the like leaves but leffer and leffe divided [fill up to the toppes, where the flowers being purplifh confining of foureleaves, (land one above another in fmall huskes, with two points a peece wherein when the flowers are faded and gone (land fmall pointed heads fafhioned like a Speares point wherein is contained a white kernell : the roote creepeth under ground with fome firings but perifheth after it hath borne feede. The Place . The firlf groweth on our owne Sea coafts in many places both of Kent and Sujfex efpccialiy, yet it is notproper onely to our coafts but is found in the like places in divers Countries: the fe - cond was fent by Honoriiu Eellm from Candy unto BauWmm as hee faith the dryed plant with feede thereto but no flowers, and therefore I could not exprefle them but as I fayd in the de- feription it is very probable to be the fame that Lugiunenfis faith jllyconw fent from CatalomainSpaine where itgrew,to Lyons ; Etuci tnar'ttiKm Italian , Italian Sea Pother. Aaaa 3 she 822 Chap. 5> Theatrum Botanicum. Tr 1BE 7. the third gro vveth^bouwH"”^"^”^ the Wt coafc of Ivly, both Vmcc and other places. They doe all flower and feede in the Sommer moneths, for they are all but annuall plants and are to be fowen in Gardens in the fpring of the yeare. ^ The firft is called by LoMEr«ca m *ri**KakikS'rapio»it, andfo itiralfo by A^uiUra< C<,mr*rh,', Cch m * ,j f „.d ^*-s*3XJs: rsaa^s^attai: which is'a'mamfeft difference from the former fhethird is called alfo by ErmaMnft'liaca ZldrJ J^cL^i which LutduHC»fim calleth Sinapi cebinatam : the fourth ,s called by r Ba«hm w Erma man .,, lima Italicshafbt cujjttdi withail makeththe KakileSerapienis, the Srma martnma of l«gdme«Ju, 1 and his NaJrtiJmJumnm to be all one with it, for which I can fee no resign m that having given the figure thereof in his Prodnmm, every one may plainely fee it to differ very much tn theformeof he leaves from the Other! it may well be his Natlmium maritime for thereunto it anfwereth very well as alfo unto his Erma cinerea in Tome part that is in the leaves. 1 \The Verities . npL_ p'a, T? nr\srt to in rhp fame dearee of heate and drynefle with the wilde kinds but faltifli and are effedhiall fotT “d£ S'^Sth* Kakilo (which I call the Sea Rocket) purgethex. ceedino ly, and Mpconm affirmed, that his Erma Ultima doth wonderfoUy helpe thole that ate ttotibled with the Collick.and thole that are grieved with the (lone or gravell in the Kidmes or Bladder, if they dnnke the quantitie of foure ounces ofthe dillilled water warme at a time. , a Chap. V. Refeda. Bafe wild Rocketi I. Refeda major. The greater bafe wilde Rockt. fiEfides the two forts of this kind of Rocket the greater and the leffer fet forth by fundry Authors wea , g)W have f omc others which for their neare affinitie and likenefie are fit to be joyned and entreated ofto ; j tj-cficr. ^ Refeda major. The greater bafe wilde Rocket. ] This greater kindrife'th up withdivers crclled bendingflalkes about twofoot high,fet with mad ny and much divided leaves thereon fomewhat like unto the lowed leaves of Rocket, of a piercing fharpe lent and tade like unto Crdl'es and many Inch like leaves alfo bufhing together at the foot of them: at thetoppesof the dalkes grow yellow flowers in longfpikes thicke bulbing together, which opening by degrees at the bottome,fpread themfelves farther in bunder, and afterwards upon the laid fhort footeftalkes come (mall skinnic cornered lwollen cods turning do wnewards,wherein are contained very lmall leede: the roote is long and vvooddy with divers fibres thereat, and abidethmany yeares. • 2. Refeda minor fett vulgaris* Common bafe wilde Rocket. This other Refed, groweth more upright and not Co high, with whiter greene eaves, deepely cut in or torne on the ed¬ ges,but each divilion is broader then the ormer, the flowers ar,e (mall and yellow growing on fuch fpikes but (hotter. 3. -Refeda Linari* fo/.js. Narrow leafed bafe wild Rocket. The (hike of this Refeda is ftraight and round, about a cubit high,parted into fundry branches,compared about with long and narrow greene leaves like thofe of Linaria or 1 ode Flax : the flowers grow at the toppes of the branches fpike fafhion, of a yellow colour, after which come cornered feede veflels double forked at the toppes, full tlorcd with pale coloured feedes. 4. Refeda alba minor. Small white bafe wilde Rocket. This fmall Refeda (hooteth forth divers whitifli greene ftalkes not fully a foote high, bearing divers long and narrow hoary leaves leffer then thofe grow neare che ground, or at the foote of tie ftaike,which arc fomewhat broader but not iefle hoary : the flo*wers are white growing on the like fpikes many cluflcring together, with fmall greene heads in the middle of every one, wherein afterwards there is fmall blackifh leede conteined: the roote is fmall long and white with fibres ad joyning unto it. 5. Refeda aff.rii Pbytcuma Monfpelienfum diEla. Loves plant of CMomyelier. The lo well leaves of this‘fmall plant are fmall long and fomewhat narrow, of a whitifh greene colour, and very like to thofe of Lambes Lettice, the others that grow afterwards and upon the ftalks which are weake and tender, about halfe a foote foote high and doe almoft lie on the ground are cut in, dome on the Tides a little, and others more divided at the iome on the naes a iituc, anu uumd uiwiw. - ends refembling a fmall Vdtrutn leafe; the flowers grow towards the toppes of the {hikes one above another.but , :i._ Ipafp at-t-hp hnrrome or /aras tne toppes ui ui* ■ u«i*kvo c not in any lpike with a fmall leafe at the bottome ot every one, and are compofcd of divers white narrow leaves like threads, with many fmall threds alio m the middle let in greene full huskes, the heads of feede are cornered broad aboveand fmaller below,wherein is cbn- fma “ ftrin S iS Whith diC ***■ yeare,and railing it felfe againe from the fhedfrede. The two firft are commonly growing in our owne lid in divers wafle grounds,bothnearc LnM ,and further of: the others grow on the tjrautan hills and about Mompelter. The Ttmc. They doe all flower about I«»f, and fome of the m all the Sommer long. Rtfeda in Lathe afedandii doloribus befeithgrew about foras name that I know : yet is thought by moil to be that f J . . . th j p; t ft ca ii e d by Lobe/ Refed* Carwcrariar / . S LM R ] fida Flinij Ne otericorp.m £rucapere- by Copious ,and Pycnocomon by A«gu,lar*. the fecond i^called y j J Cafa/piun grsua Isalic* wdCaatabnca, by Corner anus b y by ihe name o?*e- Sefamoides primum, andby Column* Erucago vulgaru . the t . rW«JL/>r and with the Sefamoides fed., linaria folijs, and by him thought to agree With t e efe £ ;Mr . an ’d by him faid to be Clufin Salmanticum alterum otClufiue: the fourth is c 11 J mi Lll odmeufis ; butasl noted befoiein led by Lobe/ fhyteuma CMorfelienfium- and Nar boner,fium by q > ^ ^ (amoides teriisim, by Caf al P Km s and 33 Vaubinm faith Srucago pu * o ‘ J , p be knew none ol the reft ) that being referred to the Rockets they are bafe and wilde herbes but clammei not. & The Vertues, , None of our later authours have mentioned any knowne propnties, the e plant^are en ue wit^ a mlore t n camming fome what neare Rocket may induce fame fuchlike prop„rcu Chap, m 824 Cm a P.6 , Tbeatntm Botanicum. Tk I B £ Chap. VI. Ntfurtium. C relies.’ >^^ F f5 r r. fl ' C M ll ' r t< ar j tilVerS ! ™c or me nms or Mountaines. Ifhall forbeareto 1 Sr " ! h C e 0f th r at ^°e w thc Warer > bavin g a Clams ° f water herbes among, o ar b “f£ : I will begmne withthofeof the Garden, and make them the fubjeft, common and bell known,- \Jh r fi " my ®°°he given yon the knowledge of that Which is moll Great Spanijb Creffes. f ' Nafiunimborlaifi. Garden Cufos. Bafin C „ great Sf w‘u ■? r l ffeS hach the firft leaves fmall like Bahll among which nfeth up a flalke about a foote and a halfe f ! v ' th Iar S er 'eaves thereon without divilion, but fmal- ly dented about the edges and pointed at the ends, every one the ront UPOn | a ?"# °° K r ftaike ’ brancbed hom the middle to leaver r' C d e ^ Cr andn £ arrowcr lea ves, like to the toppe wW‘efln Gard r n - C r Cn f S ' fr ° m Whence breake forth mar| y Whte flowers let in fp,ke S one above another, after which come brownifh feede in pouches like the other Creffes, but amfloww b 'li tCr ’ 3nd n ° tf ° fiCry : the r00te is fml11 and long per 1 (Inng every yeare, and therefore mull be fowen fired feed nng ; r > r 3 o h ° Usl | o W j U 'P™S U P c l l,ickl y ^ the , nr a V " , wll! not ablde tbe cold of our Winters. • Nafturtmmbortmfc c.lfum httifilimt & anguftifolium.- r ,.7~ rl d Creffes with larger and lefler leaves. Curl d Creffes groweth like the ordinary Garden Creffes forl d ‘rh C / eth f u rom , oncl y in the 'caves which are of two cur •d 3 hn° ne i, WIt i' br0ad leavscut and roundly dented and the other rnnro eCdg r S ’ cvcr y oneb y « felfe on a long ffalke: the other confiding °f many imaller leaves let one ag'ainlt an¬ other upon a middle ribbeeach part whereof is in "the fame manner cut in and curl’d as the other: the flowers are white mife th C , omm ™ P ardcn klndc > and fo is thereddifh feede like- Wife, and perifheth yearely alter feede time as the others. The Place, e nrlt as the title fheweth came frrft out of Spume, but the others are not knowne from whence their originals are The Time, > ° - n - eare ^ ovv c ^ e tIme ^ac the other garden kinde doth, that is m lane and July, and fometimes later. Tl r- , ■ rhe Spumes. 1C f^nes call it rupJauoe'nnv'lrtipJlai Cardamon quoelcor^ ,facial vel quod corfoveat. and in finest cardiac, plurimum 1Ja et ’ ^thinke it to be called yjc-.Su.ui >r tjua/i tg. ? ,',jy. ucv auod acrimor.ia & ignea vi x>r£ditnm caput tent at and thprpimn '. , . . . . _ fitminm ‘jundinfocordemignazum, & bebetem * <1? ^ G ' CekeS had thla pfoverbeJ»8« &!*!*•, c deNu. gorem excitandi that is Eate Creffes m ftin-p u ‘'■ ■ J }rn P terf(i C J M0 ^ Tlafturtto incjfc credebant animi Nafiurtuim anarium torment o, as Pliny faith fome after th* °i ^ T* heavie : the Latines ™H it ^fM 4 orNnrf. the ItaUum and T ”*' “‘L" ?'*" T"**’ S the ^”"' ‘ t , ls l, P ua,, y called with us Ntftar. many other autlior. Ch and the figures of both forts, which are not extant Thp _ , . The Uertues, of the fame propeme or my neare thereunto j'k hot and dryTth ‘f ^ w” hCr£ fpecified are il,cIudcd , being greene berbe by realon of thc humiditie therein is more ^ c S rc ^> eipaecially the feede, lor the eate it either alone with butter or with Lettice and PurflLe in ftii*" d tber ^ orctbe P c& P Ie m many countries dee ^Tf t0 V he u f ° rc . eofthc ltede ’ as G *l‘* faith, who^raketh irnf^rhT? 1 1™,'''’ bu c , tbe dric t ie and operation with Milliard, and Muflard.both to provoake urine and wdenfc the rainefanTthe bfrld °° ther ' he pro P ertie ' of Rocket kill the birth and to ftirre up Venery-yet Pliny faith it hinder,,!, u kladd « r , to procure womens cour les, and to bookes arc much falfified that lo relate it It is an enemvto rhJ^ W * S a""" 1 C,ther much m > Ttak cn,or t he tooth-ach tf R l 'TheTbedterof T fonts. G H A P. 7. 825 Hiftwtim hmtenfe Ittifalium HIJpmitim. Great Spssif&Crelfc. 1, Jiafturtim hortenfecriftum lalifolium & m&uftifolium. Curl’d CrcHes with broader and narrower leaves. . rVl , ch . tll e leaves bruited and applied take away all fpots and markes of the body, he! peth the itch,and cafe* rhe na'ines of the Scuttica, and of the loynes.draweth forth bones, fplinters and thornes, ftayeth the corroding and Cronin , ulcers the fcede chewed in the mouth helpeth the palfie m the tongue provoke* fneefing, raifethle- thargicke perfons and fuch as are droufie and hcavie by quicknmg- their bloud and fpints: being boyled with vi- nepef and applied to the kernclls ofthe throatc healeth the Kings evill, and healeth alfo the fcabbes and fores of thehead if they be anointed with it and Goole greafe mixed together: ltnpenethalio plague fores, andbrea- keth them, and take* away the deformities of the nay les. Chap; VII. Nafturtia pratenjinfive Cardamincs. Ladies fmockes or Cuckowflowers. 4 Nto the kindes of Crefles mute of neceffitie thefc herbes appertaine called Ladies Smockes, or 1 Cuckow flowers, both for the neareneffe in name in forme and quilitie whereof there are feme 1 varieties as (hall be (hewed here, yet that fort which beareth double flowers, I have let forth in l my former booke, which (hall not be farther entreated of here more than the figure, nor thole ot 1 the water, which are referved for another place. i. Nakttrtitim pratenfe majwG.ve Cardamine latifolia. Great LadiesSmockes. The great Cardamine or Lady Smocks (hooteth forth divers long (talks of winged leav ^^ a * fomewhat broad and round tender darkegreene leaves fct one agamfl another upon a middle ribbe, he r ateft beinnattheends among which rile up divers tender weakeround grecne (hikes lomewhat ftraked,with much fmalter and longer leaves thereon,very like the fmallcft divided leaves of Garden Crefles, at the toppes whereof [land divers flowers made of foure leaves apcece, fomewhat large, and almoft like a Stocke-gilloflower, bnt rounder and not fo long neither, whiti* or fomewhat dafht over with blufli, and many times but at the edges onely, each of them handing in a greene huske, after which come frnall powches containing reddifh feede fome- vvhacftiarpe and biting in tafle as the herbe it felfe is alfo, comming nearc to Crefles : the roote is compofed of many white threads or fibres. ■ a. Cardamine altera minor. Small Ladies Smockes, . . This is in all things like the former but fmaller in every part not bufliing with to many leaves or ttalkes, the poddes of fcede being fomewhat longer, than in the former; 2 Cardamine altera parvo flore. Small flowred Ladies Smockes. . The leaves of this Cardamine are molt ufually fmaller and longer, and yet round fometimes alio, growing mu 8 26 Chap.8 . Theatrum c Botanicum, Tr I B E Cardamtaefloic plcnco . Dcnblc flowred Ladies Smocks* .*■ Cirdammezlttramimr. Small LadiesSmocks. what longer. 4. Card.tm'meoioratagrmmlofa, Tuberous rooted fweete Ladies Sm 0 k The greateft difference in this from the fecond fort here exprefled confilfcth firll in the C CS ’ , the fmall fibres have many fmall kernelly rootes growing, and then the flowers which , , cb among or bluflilike them in colour and forme,vet faell lweeter then thev all roperhe/^r l k Clt , v bcc white nu'cs luvciiui,; uiMii nc.iucu]' g> owing, ™ men cue nowers, which althoup r blufli like them in colour and forme,yet faell lweeter then they all together or any of rh it- S. Curdtmme minor Ucimatitf>li]S . Small jgged Ladies Smockes ^ * The chiefeft difference in this from the third fort refteth in the leaves which are more farm d h former commingfomewhatneare unto the forme of the lower leaves of the (Sards., r. ,r ?" el l a ny ol white and fmall like that fort. c es C1C lowers The Place J rjc rime a /^f?^^"ri i rr_l. P Ll Ce ^^ our 1Land i ” m ? ift Medowes. and neareunto brookes fidesor the .. .. ‘ - r , ., ‘ ^ ailu 111 munt mcaowes, and neart lmall Rules of water that pafle through the low grounds, the others are o f Germany The Time. alUheWrer r . f0meWhat Spri " 3 ^ ° r ^ at 1:he ^.and ^idc with the lower leav The Names. They are called by divers writers Cardamine as deduced from Ctrdamcn Cretfies fas HellebSrine f r „ m HP 1 . bccaufe they are like thereunto, fome alfo call it Smmalterum and NaflurtiJL , m HMotm) herbes more properly fo called, and therefore others call them NaUxrtmm truelle blU ?5, rC are otller Jim calletii it Nefiitrtiitm ag-eefie and Lontcerm fjlvefire Cordut nnnn d ' T ■ r jA’ u an< ^ Refiner, Fuch- and ‘Dedopwks cucult: from the C™ cJhttJZ therefatWf alterum. and fo doth TJermentemm : if ^ManlncUu Sjffrmm Fdchf.u, merle, and Thalrn IherU^cA Agriocardwum five c/dlLj^LTfZ&T j r* and fo doth Lobel, Tefler in Horto BjfbenS calleth xNatturuum $'"**'**?'*' alte - flurtitim pratenfe magno flere ■ Of the third and of the lad ’Bmehinm onely doth mtke TCndon and^ThT Lugdur.er.fis. The French call them Pefieraee (aumee, the Genumes as lf,;d r. 11,? 7 t °[ th f fourth we have another Flos cuculi, CuckowfWer drfferfng from .mnnp^T" Cfet both they and the Water CrefeSSjSjfa&wT re P°/ ted * em t0 bc as ^ffuall in the Scorbute or Scurvey, a t v. ertes,ana may lerve rn Head of them where they are wanting andnotto be had. Chap , 1 Tribe 7. The Theater ofTlantsa Chap. 8. Cha?; viii. Najlurtia Montana five Cardamine Alfina. Mountaine Ladies Smockes. This mountaine Cardamine or Ladies Smoek. hath divers long winged[(hikes of final** and nar- 1 his iiiuui .- I Hrnrpfl about the edee?, from whence ipring np iundry ftalkes with irower leaves then in the or er h ere Hand many fma/yellow flowers in clufters, and afterwards final! long'podTwTch"maU yellowifh (cede in them, which opening the,nfelves fall out: the roote ufm.Il and fibrous creeping upon the A L MmiMrR efedafoli] S . Small mountaine Ladies Smockes This fmall Cardamine fendeth forth from a fmall long white roote divers weake and leaning ftalkes fome a lit- This IrnaULwr a f • nlaces with lone ftalkes of leaves divided into three foureorfive tie branched and others^ C ^ f^ ^ thebafe wild Rocket, the flowers that flandatthe parts or round leaves^^“ ft l J^^ lo ^^ 1 LdcrK*nd pod. winch and ahaifelong. toppes are fmall and ^ clafius middle fifed Ladies Smockes The leaves of this mountaine kind lye in a round compaffe upon the ground very formally being two inches Lte e ort e or^ghfbei r ingmany white flowed like the others at the toppes, where afterwards (land long pods with feede Thffmalleft mountaine Ladies Smockes. _ Th=s is a very fmall and tender plant whofc ftalkes are not much above an inch long, bearing umUIls or tufts f r ,1 white flowers on them of foure leaves a peece, the greene leaves are very fmall, five or feven, fet upon °S foorcftalkeon both fides of a middle ribbe as in the reft,very fharpe m tafte. a fmall footed ke Cardamine Alf ina infifida. Vnfavory Lames Smockes. -n hath fmall long le ves rough and hairy and jagged like the field Milliard but without any (harpeneffe or n r 1 n them the ftalke is fmall and hairy bearing fmall white flowers, and afterwards fmall cornered and tafte at all intnem ■ , . ■ . t h c roote is fmall and long with few fibres thereat, prickly huskes ^ riamincs alterim t „ u U Chfii The Ladies Smocke-hke plant. This fmall plant bath fix or^ven^lmall ^^Kar^* lr 1 them: from the middle whereof rifctlv im 'a^hnall tender "ftalke an “and breadth high or little more, with very few and they fmallet leaves and fmall (ardiwiine ^Ipmatri[olio. Mountaine chice leafed Ladies Smocks. 2. Cardamine Atyina minor Refeda folijr. Small mountaine Ladies bmocks. eS^^SSESSESSSSSSS^ Thismonntain/crSalif^^*" c ^ M \F. a ^ rti i MountainCreffes. not above two inches higb^^ ^ ^ “P 1 * of 0nCS hatld . a " d ^wers are white and Band on containing within them flat round reddifh feede.’ Wh facfeede lon S and flenclcr pods three inches long. The (hikes of this Creffe'are^fy Z7\ (endef'IndT’ W T' Rock “- like Cie "«- fome branches ofan handbreadth long,fome twife ”« len^fnHT"^ 3 V at ha ' ry and d,Vidcd int ° *- r/«,fc.^!|^S° c "“^ heAl f^ an,lolh(rhi U»M>dm 0m i t aiK S i n C™,, 7 ,j, t f omco f d]emin ^ Some of them flower earlier in the Sping then othere^ndfome later. “I™ £['***» fi" Cnbmm tenuifolium mmtomm, and l " '• tl,e third Chtfim callcth Car famine AlJnlwd™BaHhwm Nafluruum Alpirmm mint*Refedzfo- jfxrfis : the fourth is called by CluRus Cardlm'ne Ah'"’ and NoflnniumeSilpir.Hm minw folijs in or hem fturtioltim and Luefanenfa Tblall » , ™ - Alf G 'f™r '» Epifiolu a sClufim mcntionei h it N*. and by Bnnhinm Lfi n „inm ALumteZ^'TT ’ by . p»fi«a fnxLlU menu,,* d.fcoid,», - J the fiftts called by «!«»„ A!f , M Lfp.fa, The Theater of Tlants. CnAP.p. 829 Tribe 7. and by Banbimn Naflnrtium Alpinnnf infipidnm :the fixt is called by Clnfim Plantitla Cardaminet alteriw amula & S'inapi pumilum rstlpimm, and by ’Baubinut Naflnrtium Bellidis folio minus ; the feventh is called by Taber. , mom MM and Gerard Naflnrtium peer turn, and by Banhinm Tfafturtmm petraumfolys burfa paflorte : theeight is . called by Bauhinm Naflnrtium pumilum vcrnum : the ninth is called by Banhimts Naflnrtium lAlp'mttmcapfnU V. Naflurti hortenfis : the tenth and laft he alfo calleth as they are in their titles. The Vertues . - I There hath not beene any efpeciall triall made of any of thefe herbes that I know,but mod of them being fome- [ what (harpc in tafte, they are adjudged to be neare of the famequalitie with the former, or rather ftronger in that ,, they are mountainous plants, but I have nothing to affirme for certaine, and therefore let this fuffice untill wee n can fay more of them. Chap. IX. T^aJhtrtia fylvtflria, Wilde Crelfes. a Here is a wildekinde of Crelfes yet to be handled whereof there are not many fort?, one of them is to "Sj be found almoft in every field, which although it be accounted a very foule weede in a garden, yet it I is not amide as I thinke to place it with the reft. Naflnrtium fjlvefire Ofjridis folio. Narrow leafed white Creffes. 1 . Hoflwtium filutfire Qfpldis folio. Narrow leafed wilde Crcflcs. This wilde Creffe bringeth forth many (mallround and hard ftalkes.with divers (man round and narrow leaves let without order thereon, branched from the middle upward into many parts, at the toppes come forth a num¬ ber of fmall white dowers ( yet fome have beene found with yellow dowers ) one (landing above another fpike fafhion, af¬ ter which appeare huskes containing fmall feede: the roote is wooddy and peri(heth after feede time. a. Naflttrtiumfjlvefirc 'ZJalentinum. Spanijh wilde Creffes, Spanijh wilde Crelfes groweth up with a round grecne, rough, and hairy ftalke about a f oote high fpreading into bran¬ ches from the very ground at every joynt whereof ftandlong winged leaves very much divided like unto the ordinary gar¬ den Creffes but yet more finally parted and fharpe in tafte like Credits: the flowers are many, and of a pale whitifh yellow colour (landing ip long fpikes at the toppes, and afterwards lmall (bort powches divided into two parts which (land not upright but hang do wnewards wherein is contained fmall red-, difh feede like unto Crelfes: the roote is long and (lender, and periflieth every yeare. 3. Sophia Cbirurgorum five Tfeudonaflurtium fjlveflre. Flixe weede. There is no doubt but that this herbe pertaineth to the family of wilde Creffes, although a baftard fort of them riling up with • a round upright hard ftalke foure or five fqote high fpread into fundry branches, wherein grow many grayifh grecne leaves very finely cut and fevered into a number of fliortand almoft round parts, the flowers are very fmall and yellow .growing fpike fafhion, after which come very fmall long pods, with vc- rie fmall yellowifh feede in them : the roote is long and Wooddy perifhing every yeare. Whereof there is an other fort withfomewhat broader leaves and in no other thing differing : they have a ftrong evill favour being fmelt unto, and are of a drying tafte. The Place. The firft and the laft grow wilde in the fieldsby hedge (ides and wayes, and among rubbifh and many other places : thefe- cond was found onely in the kingdome of Valentin in Spaine, The Time, They flower and feede quickly after, namely in bine and lulj. The ?{ames, TheMisThraftiJifzenus.znd Naflmiw ^ Tragi,Thlafii anguflifol. of Fachfiu, and Lugb.Tblafbimimu hort vttlg.Ofjndtfi folio acernmu album C~ lutcum of LobefNaJlurtififjl t of Thal\w, r Btirfa Vafiort minor rif 7? >r° and Naflunium fjlveflre ofjridis folio of Baubinut, and may in my minde be accounted a ThLIbi much hetterra-’ part.c.pateth of bothtche fecond is called by Clufiut Naflnrtium fjlveflre Valentroum, and fo doth Luodunellm following him ; but Lobel in altering that title called it Erttca Nafturtio coanata temtifolia and is renr A^aJa u” Clafiui for fo doing 5 by Lugdunenfis alfo Erucacintrea,^auUnmth m Ltb, who mateth ft aTfo ro fc the// cobea manna as is before find, and called this Tfafhtrtium [jlveflrU Ernes:folio-.tbe laftis called by Come PCondo nafiurtmmfjlvefire by Fucbjius and Gefner tnborti, Naflnrtium fjlveflre ,by Tragm Scripbium Germar.icJm and by Lomccrw Senpbitim abfmthium ( but very erromoufly not having anyaffinitie with Worme wood 1 hvTWo ^ French Booke.by Gefner bortit, by CfrdJ, Lugdunenfit, Thai™ and TabZZZZ ^12 ThaUflrum but not traely; but by Dodoutu in his Latine Booke, by Lobel and Cjcrard Sophia (fbirurgorum by Bbbb Whi£b which name it is now generally called and knowne, by Cefalpitw Accipitrh*, who maketh two forts thereof, aj Taberrumtmm doth ofhis Thai, Brum, viz. Utifolium and anguft.folmm, Bmlmnu calleth it N^urtium fjheftn tenttifc iHm izifiim. o c putteth a doubt whether it be not the Eruca Gelatina of the Itttliani : the Gnmaues call T-,! r ...fl™/”r aS . thC u.°l- V ^ 0rraefecti ' and So T h ‘‘>kr“"i after the Lmne ; the Dutch Fxcrajt, and wee in Englijb I laxcv.'ecdc from theeffefl. The Vert ties, two forts of udlde Crefles are neare the qualities of the other CrcfTes: but both the berbe and the iced. ofrlixcweede is of excellent ufe to flay the ftuxe or laske of the belly bein" drunke in water, or water whcreii lomegads of Itcelc being heated have beene ofrenquenchcd, and is found alfo no leffe effeftuall than Plantane c Comfrye for the laid purpofe, and to reftraine any other fluxeofbloud in man or woman, to confolidate alic broken bones, or out of joynt; the juyee thereof drunke in wine, or the decodion of the berbe diunKe dothkil the wormes in the flomacke or belly, as alfo the wormes that grow in putride and filthy ulcers, and made int< lalves doth quickly heale all old foreshow foule or malignant foever they be: the diflilled water of the herb( worketh the lameefted although fomewhat weaker yet is a faire medicine, and more acceptable to be taken. Chap. X: Sinapi. Muftard. 5 ere be divers that make fome of the Rockets to be kind of Muflard as you have heard before, and ther , be many aho that make fome kindcs of Muflard to be Rocket .• I will endeavour as neare as I can to civ Yli cac “ ^ cir ^ ue t! ^ c an ^ place, yet of thefe kindes ] have in my former Booke fer forth that which molt frequently med to make fawfe in this Land, whereof I frail net neede to fpeakc againc I- StmpifauvumRapifolio. Broad leafed Mulhrd. inis Mubard hath large and broad rough leaves very much Jagged with uneven and unorderly cafre< fomewhat like a Turneppe ieafe but leffer and rougher; the ftalke rifeth to be more than a foote high an. otn^.imeb wo, emg round, rough,-and branched at the toppe, bearing fuch like leaves thereon as grov fmXnnnhnnH ^ ^ d ‘ VerS ydl ° W fl ° Wer! ° nC ab ° V ' an0ther 31 tbe t°PP“, ^tet which COm imall rough pods with fmall lancke flat ends, wherein is contained round yellowifh feede "rearer than Turnepp {reriflletli cvery°yeaTe d bm ” S nP ° n ** t0nSUCth ' r00tC ‘ S fma11 ' lon S and woody whcn ir bcarelh fta]kes an „ ... Sinttpifjlveflre minw. Small wilde Muftarde. Th'3 Multard is fomewhat leffer than the former not riling above a foote high with fmall jagged leave 4. Sinapi agrcfle NeapoUtanuml Wilde Milliard of Napier. This Neapolitans Muftard from a fmall whitifh fibrous roote (hoc- teth forth many rough greene leaves cut into divers parrs, fome- what like unto the leaves of the greater Celandine, but lelfer and more pointed at the ends: thefquare fialke is divided into fundry branches,bearing at the toppes divers fmall purplifh flowers con¬ fiding ol foure leaves apeece fct together as it were in an uojbell or tuft, after which rife fmall pods of two inches long a pecce, with yellowifh feede within them, which quickly breake their vefl'ells and fpill, not onely by ones touch, but by the (baking of the winde, fo that it is hard to gather the ripe feede. wa/, 5 . Sinapi mono urn Egyptian*. Sea Muftard of Egypt. r ~ I call this a Muftard ( faith mine Author) becaufe it hath larger leaves than Rocket, and might feeme to be the £ruca maxima Mi- coni of Lugduttenfis , but hath not any bitternefle therein as his hath: nor is it the JCa^ile Serapionis commonly called Erne a marina which hath a nitrous tafte in it when as this hath a very fharpe tafte ■■ the roote hereof is long, white, (lender and wooddy; having one or two reddifh round ftalkes, not (landing upright but a little bending, branching forth into other, with a few winged leaves thereon, that is made of many fine long fappie leaves on a fide.alittle dented about the edges, in both colour and fmell, comming neareft to Rocket; at.the toppes of the ftalke come forth blewifh flowers in fafhion of Stocke-Gillowflowers which turne into fmall long pointed pods, _.. - Bhbb * j. Sinapi mrinum &gypttom. Egyptian Sea Muftard. sowtals Theatrum Botanicum Chaf.io. T R I B E 7.; containing (mail fmooth round feede of a very fharpe taftc andfmelling like Rue. This is very like the Erttea carttlea fet forth before. The Place. The firft is not found wilde with us but in Gardens onely, but the fecond, ds well as that which is fpoken of in my other booke, are found often in the borders of fields, as alfo in the low rillesand ftrrowes of them ■ the 0-' ther three are flrangers to us, the one being of UMcmpelier, the other of Naples, and the laft of Etypt ’ rr'L. rvi „ ^ ^ * The Time. All thefe Muftardes are but annual! plants flowring in Inly, and their feede ripe in Augttff. The Names. It is called in Grceke dram Sinapi,mi fo doe the Latines call it alfo,and Sinapii; but tAthaneus faith that the A- thenians called it vatu/, and Ariflopbanes in f^8r»> faith of Cleomencs when he was angry. Confpexit Sinapi & frontemcontraxit; The Arabians call it Cardel, the Italians Senape , the Spaniards Meflarde and CMoJlazjtfhe French Seme and Ainu. Jlarde, the Germanes Seneff and Scuff, the Dutch CMoftaertc, and we in F.nyjifl? Muftard. Thefirft is called of Lo- bel Sinapi fativum Enter ant Rapifolio,o( Cordus upon Dtofcorides,and of Lttgdttnenfis Sinapi hortcnfe ■ of Odour at Sinapi fativumprim, of Camerariw Sinapi album differing from Erttcajemine alba, of Bauhinut Sinapi rapifolie Sinapi Diofcoridis &■ Tbeoprhafli,Sinapi alterum Tlinij : the fecondis called by Label Sinapi fylvejlre minus turf* pafloris folio, by Dodonaw and Lttgdstncrfis Sinapi fylveftre, and is the third Sinap, of Alatthiolus, Tar antes and Cafalpinw, Tritons calleth it Erticajive Rtscula marina minor, and Sinapi novum ■ Fuel fins Erttea fativa Tamer Eruca hortenfis, and Gefner inhortu Erttea fylveftris : the third is called by Bauhimts Sinapi parvum filitjua ajiera - and the fourth Cohtmna calleth Sinapi alterum agrefte noliras : and Bauhinut Sinapi nmbclla purpurea : thelalf islij fo called by Alpinist as is in the title. The Ferities'; Muftard feede efpecially the common fort is hot and drie in the fourth degree ( but the white feede and tile c* ther fmall forts are not fohot)and hath the vertue of heating, difeuffing,rarefying and drawing forth fplintersof bones or other things out of the flefli. The condiment or fawce is of great ufe, for in a manner the whole cn- crcafe of the ground isfpent thereabout tofeafon orfharpen the meats, both offifh and flefli that are eaten cither by the rich or poore : the faid Muftard is of good effeft to bring downe womens courfes, and for other hyftericall difeafes, and for thole that are Epilepticke or lethargicke, that is troubled with the falling ficknefle or letharpie droufie, forgetfull,evill, to ufe both inwardly and outwardly to rubbe the noftrills, the forehead and tcmplesf to warme& quicken thofe dull fpirits that are as it were afleepe or almoft dead;for by the fierce fliarpencfleitpier- cethtothebraineand purgeth it by fneefing and drawing duwne rheume & other vifeous clammy humors which by their rcfidence doe much offend, or by their diftillation upon the lungs and cheft procure coughing, and there¬ fore with fome honny added thereto doth much good therein. Our ancient forefathers even tlx better fort in the more Ample, and as I may fay the more healthfull age of the world, were not fparirg in the ufe hereof, for with¬ out doubt they found it much conducing to their health by warming the ftomacke and helping digefiion, by clen- fingthebraine, lungs andbreaft of rheume and fiegme: but now adayes it isfeldomeufcdby their lucceftours be¬ ing accounted the downes fawce, and therefore not fit for their tables ; but i9 transferred either to the me, ny or meaner fort, who therefore reape the benefit thereof. The decoftlon of the herbe, but the feede is the more ufu- alland cffe&uall made in wine and driukeprovoketh urine, refifteth the force of poifon,the malignitie of Mufh- romes, and the venome of the Scorpion or other venemous creatures,for it fufferech rot the virulencie thereof to pierce to the heart, and vitall fpirits, thereby to overthrow Ufe, but maftereth it in the way it it be taken in time: the fame all'o taken before the fits of agues doth by warmingthe bloud and fpirits, keepe backe and lelfen the cold fits, thereby altering the courfe and curing the difeafe: the (cede alfo taken either by it felfe or with other things either in an Eiedluary or drinke doth mightily prevaile to (litre up bodily luft, being taken alfo in the fame man¬ ner it helpeth the fplecne and paincs in the fide-, and gnawings in the bowels, and uied as a gargle, it helpeth the Vvnlaoc pallateof the mouth when it is fallen downe and faftenethit, and alfo diflolverh the tumours &kernells about the throate in the Kings evtll, efpecially ifit be alfo applied outwardly thereto; being chawed in the mouth it oftentimes helpeth the tooth-ach : the outward application hereof upon the pained place of the Sciatica doth much helpe to difenfle the humours, and to cafe or lelfen the paines, as alfo for the gcute and other /oynt-aches and is much and often ufed to eafe paines in the (ides orloynes, the (houlders or other parts of the body, upon the applying thereof to raife blifters, and by drawing the paines to the place from the inward or more remote, cureth the difeafe or diverted) it to thofe outward places where local! medicines may helpe : iris alfo ufed to helpe the falling of the haire: the feede bruiled mixed with hony and applied, or madeup with waxe, taketh away the markes and blacke and blew fpots and bruifes of beatings or the like,the roughnefl'e or fcabbedueffe of the skin in any placets alfo the lepro(ie,and lowfie evilhic helpeth alfo the cricke in the necke, or that difeafe when one can¬ not turne their heads,but they muftturne their whole body with it. The diflilled water of the herbe whenitisin flower,is much ufed both inwardly to drinke to helpe in any the difeafes aforefaid, or to walh the mouth for the I vuU or the kernclls and tumours of the throate,but outwardly alfofor the fcabbe,itch,or the like infirmities,and clenfeth the face and skinne from freckles, fpots, morphew, or other deformities thereof. The Italians ufe to ke 'P= a • ■ condiment or fawce macie Muftard feede to ule upon all occaflons. fuddenly made fit to be eaten, which itos likely they learned from Diofcorides who taught his to keepe Rocket feede good for a longtime, by beating it and making it up with vinegar and milke into balles to be dried : for they much after the lame manner appoint two ounces of Muftard feede to be taken, and halfc an ounce of good Cinamon well beaten to be made up into balles or cakes with hony and vinegar, which being dried in the Sunne are to be kept untill ufe be to be made thereof, which then relented with a little vineger is made into fawce prefently, very delicate and pleafing to the Chap. Tr IBK . .. ■j .H^rparc divers forts of this Hedge Muftard more knowneat this time then formerly hath bin,being 5 ; .fPSpl found out by divers diligent and experienced fearchersof herbcs,as you may perceive in the fuc- cecding difcourfe. I. Iriofive£ryfimumvnlgare. The common wilde Hedge Muftard. _ The common Erjpmtim groweth up uluatly but with one blackifh gresne ftalke,tough or limber, Itafie to bend but not to breake, branched into divers parts, and fometimes with divers ftalkes, fee full of bran¬ ches whereon grow long rough or hard rugged leaves very muchcut in or torne on the edges into many parts, Ifome bigger and fome lelfer, of a durtie grecne colour : the flowers are fmall and yellow that gro w at the tops iof the branches in long (pikes flowring by degrees fo that continuing long in flower, the ftalkes will have fmall tround cods at the bottome,growing upright and clofe to the ftalke,while the toppe flowers yet (hew themfelvesy in which arc contained fmall yellow feede,fharpe and ftrong as theherbeit felfe is alfo: the roote groweth (downe (lender and wooddy,yet abiding and fprlnging therefrom every yeare. 2. Srjfimttm alteram filtquis Bruce. Broad leafed hedge Muftard. This hedge Muftard rifeth up with two or three darke grecne ftalkes, fomewhat like the former but not fo much branched, fet on all (ides with large darke grecne leaves, cut into three or foure parts, with almoftequall gafhes on each lide,but the end is the largeft/omewhat unevenly waved or dented about the edges thereof: the flowers are fmall and yellow,yer greater then the former, whofe fpikes are not fo long,neither doe the long and round pods of yellow feede (land fo clofe cothe ftalkes,nor are fo fmall butfhorter like to thole of Rocket: the roote is not fo long or wooddy but more fibrous continuing but a yeare. 2. EryfimMmverumJivemontamm. The true hedge Muftard. The leaves of this Eryfimam are of a frefher grecne colour then cither of the former, fmalleralfo, and cut in . on both fides into more but (mailer parts,refembling the divifions on the leaves of Dandelion but very fmall, each part or corner looking downe Wards, from among which rife up fometimes two or three ftalkes, but more ufually but one, round, and about halfe a yard high, tbicke fet with fuch leaves but (mailer and full o( branches to the toppes, all along which come forth very fmall yellow flowers with fmaller leaves with them, after which fol¬ low whitifh yellow fmall cods growing clofe to the ftalkes, conteining within them fmall yellow feede, nothing To ftrong or fharpe as the firft,yet fomewhat quicke upon the tongue: the roote is fmall and perifheth after feede- time,but by fowing it felfe never mi (feth to be in the ground where it hath once feeded. 4. Eryjimum Utifolium Neapolitamm. Broad leafed hedge Milliard of Naples. This NeapolitMc hedge Muftard hath many fmall long and fmooth greene leaves lying in a compaffe upon the ground,divided or cut after the manner of the wilde Rocket (which we call our ordinary Garden Rocket) hue with fmaller and Idler divifions, the middle ribbes being white, the ftalke that riferhfiom among them,fork T. IriofiveErypmumvulgare. The common wilde hedge Muftard. 3 , Etyfimum velum five mmsmtn. The true hedge Muftard, feldomebeareth more then one is about two foote high.fet with the like leaves but letter and leffe divided up to the toppe.and with longer ends more pointed, ofaftrong fentand bitter fharpe take, the flowers arc many fet together,fmall and yel ow, with longer fpikes more like to Muftard then Rocket, after which come longer and thicker cods about two inches long,(mall and round not clofing the flalke like the lalt, but fpreading lomewbat further oft", wherein is fmall yellow feede, nothing fo lharpc as the leaves: the roote is long and white, flronger and hotter then either leaves or feede and moll neare untoMuftard. 5. Erjpmum angnfiifolium Ncapolitanum. Narrow leafed hedge Muftard of-Miy/er, The lower leaves of this hedge Muflard are long and narrow, fomewhat hairy but loft, of a pale greene co¬ loured in or come on the edges, and pointed very like unto the common hedge Muftard here h'rlf let downe, but thofe that grow up higher upon the flalke, which is leldome mote then one about a yard high and rough, are fmallerand with fewcrdivifions branched from the middle upwards, and lometiir.es from the very bettome, bearing the fmallefl yellow flowers ac the toppes of all the reft, after which come fmall long pods fet on all fidcs of the branches and Handing upright, thickc and blunt at the toppes with fmall 5 ellowilh leede in them not verylharpe. 6. Enpmofimilii hirfutaplanta. An hairy hedge Muftard with uncut leaves. This hairy hedge Mullard-hke plant hath many leaves lying on the ground cluttering together,each whereof is rough,hairy,and whitifh, an inch andahalfelong, unevenly dented about the edges, and (orr.c a litttlemore deepely cut in, from whence rife up lometimes many ftalkes, andfometimes but one, rough,hairy andreddifh at the bottome,with fome few lefler leaves fet thereon compaffing them at the bottomes: the flowers ftand fpike fafhion at the toppes of the ftalkes, which are fometimes branched made of foure fmall white leaves, and after them rife ftraight long cods with lmall feede in them. The Place. The firft is very frequent in our Land by the wayes and hedge (ides and fometimes in the open felds.-ihe fecond is more rare to mcete with, yet is fometimes found but ftillinthebetter grounds which maktthit id large: rhe third is four d wild in It Ij as iJMatthiolus faith in the like places with the firft : the fourth and fifr are of Naples as Columns faith : the laftgroweehupon ftones and rubbifh.and upon old mudde walles at Tafpf Montpelier and other places. The Time. Thefe doe flower fometimes late and fometimes earlier,but mod ufually in lulj or thereabouts. The Names. The Greeke name is IfvVjgor Erjpmum tS ifstn'afoliorum mulciplicifePlione pc diElum a cjiiibufdamputattir ab x/ijsicai'/Mv quappretip!1 and too farre unfit fo worthy a man as he was, or any other that would be accounted of any worth in his judge- I ment. The laft is called by Bauhinut EryfimoftMilu hirfuta mn laciniata alba,raid was called as he faith Barbara. -■ rnuralii by his brother loin Baub'mus . The Italians call it Eriftmo and Irione, the Spaniards Rincbaon, the French \ ye!ar and de la torts ilk, tile Cjermans Hedcrieke and Wilder Serff, the Dutch b'del Rakette, and in Enghfli by Ge- ,t rWBan)teCre(l'cs,bnt becaufe I finde the moft judicious to make it a kind of wild Milliard,! have thereupon en- 1 titulcd it wild Hedge Mallard. TheVertuet. The three firfl forts of Eryftmum as the mofl in ufe and effcftuall doe temperately heate, confining of a thinne! ! fubdance, cutting andclenfing with fiome moyft parts j'oyned therewith,whereby it doth nor dry the rbickeand r vifeous flegme but maketh it eafie to be fpic forth, for it is lingular good in all the difeafes of the Ched and Lungs, I hoarfeneffeofthevoyce, and by the ufe of the decoftion thereof for a little (pace thofe havebeene reco- ' vered perfeflly well, who had utterly loft their voyce and therewith their fpirits alfo almoft : the juice i thereof made into aSyrupe or Lohoc with hony or Sugar,is no leffe effeftuall for the faid purpofe.and for all other coughes wheelings and (hortneffe of breath: the fame alfo is profitably taken of thofe that have the Iaundies, the Plurifie, paines in the backe and loynes, and for torments and wringings in the belly or in the Colon, which is called the Collicke Being ufed alfo in Gliders; the feede is held to bee a fpeciall remedy againft poyfon and ve- nome. It is fingular good for the paines inthehippes or hucklebones, called the hippe Goute or Sciatica, the Goute alfo and all j'qync aches, as alfo for Fjftulaes, hollow Vlcers, and eating or running Cankers,and for Apo- fhims, fores, and Cankers in the mouth or throate or behind the eares, and no leffe alfo for the hardneffe and fwel- lings in womens breads or in the tedicles or (tones. Tblaffi, Treakle-Muftard. Nto the Creffes,Rockets, and Milliards perteinethefc herbes called Thlalfi, Treakle-Mudardas comming neared unto them both in forme and qualitie, whereofthereare found at this day fo ma¬ ny forts more then the former ages ever knew,that I mud with thefe as I have done with-many other inch herbes that yecld a plenciftill varictie,didribute them into fundry rankes or orders, that fo they may be both better described and apprehended, Tblaftpi arvenfe. Trcaklc Mudard of the Fields, 1. ThlaJj/iDrabt folio. Treakle Mudard with broad flat Powches. This kinde of Tblaffi rifeth up with a hard round dalkc about a footc high, parted into fame branches, ha¬ ving divers foft grecne leaves fomewhat long and narrow fet thereon, waved but not cut in on the edges,broadeft towards the ends and fomewhat round pointed : the dowers are white that grow at the toppes of the branches fpike falhion one above another, after which come large round powches, parted in the middle with a furrow, having one blackifh browne feede in eyther fide fomewhat thicker and larger then in any other of the Tb/affiet that 1 know, fomewhat (harpe in tade and fmelling-of Garlick, efpecially in the fields where it is natural!, but in Gardens, neither fo (harpe nor duelling of Garlicke as others have exprefledit, for any thing I could ever perceive by it my felfe: the rootes are fmall and threddy perifhing every yeare. 3 . Thlafpi Mitbridaticum five vulgatiJJimamEdccarixfolio. Mithridate-Mudard. This Tblajpi groweth higher then the former fpreading more and longer branches, whofe leaves are fmailct and narrower fometimes unevenly dented about the edges; the flowers are fmall and vvhite growing on long branches,with much (mailer and rounder feede veffells after them,and parted in the middle in the fame manner . with Tribe 7. The Theater of T lants. Chap. 12, 83' with fmaller brownefeedes therein then in the former, and much fharper in tafie : the roote pcrilheth after fcede 1 time but abideth the firft winter after the fpringing. 3. Thlajpimajus, Great Treakle-Muftard. The great Treakle-Muftard hath larger, fmootherand broader leaves then the Iaft, fomewhat pointed at the ends •• the flowers are fmall and white like the other,Handing at the toppes ofthe ftalkes which are two or three foote high, with divers branches on them : the leede velfells are round, and fet with browne feene therein: the whole plant is of a ftrong unpleafant fent and tafte. 4. ThUsfi VaccarU folio Mbnfpelinciim. French Treakle-Muftard. The leaves hereof are fomewhat like the leaves of the lecond kind being fmooth and of a darke greene colour the flowers are fmall and white alfo that grow on the ftalkes which are about halfe a yard high : the feede velfells are fomewhat broad at the head like unto thole of Shephards-purfe but greater. ;. Thlafyivaccarie inc nnofolio minus . Small hoary French Treakle-Muftard, The creeping or bending branches of this T khtSfi are all hoary over, fcarle riling a handbreadth high, whofe I leaves are hoary alfo fomewhat long and narrow without any footftalke unto them but fet thereon without order > on each fide, having fmall white flowers on a fbort fpike and imall feede velfells following. ( 5 , ThlalfiviUofamctipfulis hirfutts. Hairy Treakle-Muftard. The (hike of this Thlasfi is about a foote long round and hairy, at the bortome whereof grow divers hairy leaves fomethhat long and broad fet upon long footeftalkes, but thole that are upon the ftalke have no footeftalkd but compaffe it at the bottome,being pointed at the ends and fomewhat dented about the edges, the flowers Hand at the toppe fpike fafhion tnadeof five white leaves a pcece, after which fucceede flat hairy powches parted as others are with reddifh fharpe feede withinthem. 7. Thlajpiarvenfe p rfsliatummctjas. Thegreater Treakle-Muftard with Thoroughwax leaves. The lower leaves hereof that lie upon the ground are fmall and fomewhat round like thofe of Baffll, but yet a hV tie rent or torne on the edges at the bottomes, where they are fmalleft and a little dented about the other part of a grayilh greene colour, every one upon a fmall footcftalke, among which rifeth up a round ftalke put plift, at the bortome about a foote high fometimes fpotted, whereon grow (ingle leaves one above another at the joynts by certaine diftances, which compafle it at the bottome in the manner of Thorough wax leaves, and whereat Iike- wife come forth other fmaller leaves upon fhort branches, whereon and at the'toppes of the flalkeltand divers fmall white flowers that break forth out of reddifh huskes,after which appeare fmall flat powches like unto thofe of Shepherds purfe parted in the middle.as is ufuall with mod of the ThU{}ies,o n each fide whereof lye final! flat yellowifh feede .- the roote is long white and wooddy, the whole plant is more milde or leffe frame then others. 8. Thltfpi perfoliattim minus , The fmaller Treakle-Muftard with Thoroughwax leaves. This other Thlsfn hath a few leaves lying on the ground,which are of a grayilh greene colour, like both for _, . 7.TbMiavmfep'rfoliatmnoJui. 8. tUm-pafMmMme: The greater Trcaklc- Milliard with Thoroughwax leaves. The fmaller Treakle-Muftard with Thoroughwax leaves. forme and colour nnto the leaves of Brtpca campc/lrb Codded Thoroughwax, but much leffer, thofe that grow up higher upon the (hike, which is fcarfe a foote high, and but a few fct thereon are imaller, pointed at the ends, and broad at the bottomes comparing it like the lad, the flowers are fmall and white and the icede veflclls flat like the Candy kind, fomewhat fharpc pointed. 9. Thlaffi arvenfe minuslutettm, Yellow field Tieakle-Muftard. This hath fometimes but one flalke and at other times many fet thicke with fmall long hoary and hard leaves' with a great long tuft of yellow flowers at the toppe, made of five leaves apeece, after which follow flat round yellowlih powches, lwelling in the middle, containing within them brownefeede : the roote is fmall and long and dyeth every yeare. ® 10. ThUffu Cpanofptrmon Americtmum, The fpare bearing ThUsJi. This Thhfpi brancheth from the roote divers wayes fomewhat thicke, let with long fat greene leavesfome- what like that of Mechlin: the toppcs of the branches are without leaves,but ftored infinitely with fmall yellow- ifh flowers offoure leaves which endure onely one day, falling away for the moft part without bearing fruit or Icede or very fparingly.fo that on the whole plant there will be fcarle foure or five huskes of feeds gathered any yeare which are flat and a little long like to thole of the manured Woade, with a fharpc tailed feede within, the root is hard with many fibres thereat,and tafleth fharpe like Crefles. 9 11. TbUffi incamtm mantmm Hifpmicam^F.rucaperegrina Cbtfio. SfmiJIj hoary Treakle-Muflard This fmall Spa«ifb (or Italian) plant fcndeth forth fiindry flender round hoary (hikes about two foote high with many long and narrow leaves at the bottome, a little unevenly waved about the edges, narroweft at the bottome and broader to the ends, of a grayifli greenecolour or rather hoary, with a great ribbe in the mid¬ dle of a fharpe tafte, the upper leaves on the [hikes being fmaller then the lower, with fome pale ycllowfmall flowers at the toppes, madeof foure leaves a peece dented in the middle, after which fucccede fomewhatiound and full feede veflclls parted in the middle as many other forts of TbUfpi arc, with a fmall point at the end containing therein many brownercddifh flat (Inning fharpe feede : the roote is white and fomewhat long, thick at the toppe with many fibres downe wards. ° The Place. D J mS u 0 m t,ldC ° f Mu(Jard have beene found in fundry places ofour owne Land, efpecially the firfl and fe- cond, as haltc a mile from Hatfield by the river fide under an hedge as you travell to Hat field,mi in the flreetc of reckam on burrey (ide^c. the other forts grow fome in Germany , fome at Mompelier. The Time, They flower and feede lome earlier and later then others,even from ^May unto t/iHguJt, The Names, The Grecians call it e*«W and Thlasfii and Tbl*S}e,qucdfrttttw qmtf, infrf.thu, and alfo ©Aa’anJto ThU. f^idioK : rR i b r 7» The Theater of Tlants. Chap, 13. 839 cpidion auafifrisShtm clypeamm and ii»» Hyeur Sinapi agreftc quad Sinapi acrimoma tefert : the Latina keepethe WSrcekcmmz for the mod part and call it Thlafpi, yet fome do call i tCapfella and Scandal aceum,Nafturtiiim tedorii , and Sinapi rufticum: the Italians call itThlaJpi-.thtErench Seneve savage:the Germans wilde Kerfe-the Dutch Bo¬ s' trim Kerfe-and we in Englifh Tieakle-Mnffard, or Mithridate-Mudard, becanfe the fecond lort, Specially above r i»ny other is’that Thlajpi that the bed do allow for the trued Thlafpi to be ufed in Treakle and Mithridate.The fiirft jg called by Libel Thlafpi ViofcoridUfDraba and Cbamxlinc folio ,&c Scorodo-Thlafpi by Dcdonstus and Lugdunenjirj i land is the l'ccond Thlafpi of Matthiolus, called Platycarpon by Camcrariw, and by Baubimte Thlajpi arvenfefihytm •Matts: the fecond Lobel calleth Thlafpi vulgatiffimum VaccarU folio, whofe figure is the fame with the fit (l or Matt. \ thioim,mA differeth much from that which Batthinus fetteth forth in his MatthMts by the name of Thlafpi viitga- I tum-.Camerariu, calleth itThlafpiverumcttjm femineutimur inTheriaca-.by (Jordus in hiftonaThlnfpi CardamDides, by Tragus Thlafpi, andvulgare Thlafpidion, and by 'Batthinus Thlafpi arvenfe incanofolio majus : the third is the Thlafpi’majus of Tabermontanm and Gerard, which Bauhimts fird fetteth forth by the name of Thlafpi arvinfe Vac. carielato Uvicj; folio, but afterwards in his Errata appointed it to be amended & made Acetofafolio in dead there of:the fourth is called by Batthinus Thlafpi VaccarUfolio burfa pafloris ftlitjuis : the fift is alfo called by him Thlafpi VaccarU incano folio, minus : the fixt is alfo called by him Thlafpivillofitcapfulishirfutis: the (eventh is called by Lag. dttintnfis Thlafpiprimum Daltchampij, by Tabermontamts Thlafpi <*M«»,becaufe it is almod without tade,by Bau. i hints Thlafpi arvinfe perfoliatnm majus, who quoteth it to be Colttmm his Thlafpi alterum minus rotttndifilium bttrfse i\i pafloris fruBn- and yet Colmmam his difeription thereof maketh no mention of perfoliating in the leaves, GcrW 11 alfo hath midaken this in calling it Thlafpi incanum which bclongeth to incamtm OUechlimenfe: the eight is called by Clttfm Thlafpi pumiltim, and Thletpi montannm minus, but by Bauhintts Thlafpi pcrfoliatttm minus : the ninth is k called Alyffttm by Matthiolus, and Anguilitra, & Alyffum CMetthioli by Lugdunenjis and Camcrariw jBy Lobel J Thlafpi Cjrscim : by Lugdunenfis Alyffumminus Dalochampif Tabermontamts Thlafpiminmclypeamm,by Bef- 1 liras ‘in horto Eyjhtenfi Folium AIpimtm fore Ittteo, Batshinus maketh two forts thereof calling them Thlafpi Alexandrimtm camptfire majus & f minus, and yet faith they are fo like that they may be both accounted one fort You fee I have referred it rather to the Thlafpi than any other as reared refembling it, and to this ranke of field T hlafpi which is the proper place of the growing - the tenth is fo called by Cornttttis in bis hidory of Canada ( plants : the lad is called by Clujius Eruca peregrina, and fo doth Lugdttncnfls, but Lobel inverteth the name cal¬ ling it Lettcoium marinttm Patttvinum, but Clujius midiking it, holdeth dill his owne, and Bauhinm moreencli- ning to Lobel than him (for his lovenfaketo Padoa as it feemesj calleth it Lettaiwm incanu»utricu!o rotunda : but becaufe both herbe and feede is hot and fharpe, and fo are not the Leucoia generally, I have thought it more fit to ioyne it to the Thlafpics. 1 The Vermes. The mod of thefe forts ofMudards are hot and drie in the fourth degree, or veryneare like unto Creffes, for they are fharpe and quicke in tade.and are heating, rarefying, attradling and purging: It isfetdowneby fome authors to purge the body both upward and downewards, and that if any excecde a due propor tion it will fcoure unto blond,but how truly I know not in that I never heard of any to make trial! thereof in that manneriit is faid to procure womens courfes fo forcibly that it fuffocateth the birth:being taken inwardly it breaketh inward apo- I dums and ufed in gliders helpeth the Sciatica, the feede applied outwardly doth the lame. It is an efpeciall in- : gredient into Mithridatttm and Treakle,for it is held to be of it felfe an antidote redding poyion.vcnome and pu- 1 trcfadlion befides the acrimony it addethtothe compofition. It is alfo availeable in many of thole caufes that Mndard is ufed but fomewhat weaker. Chap. XIII. ThlaJpiVtnbellatum. VmbellifcrousTreakle-Mudard. N other kind of Treakle-Mndardbeare their dowers in tufts and round umbells, and not in fpikes, of fome whereof I have fpoken in my former booke, that is, the Thlafpi Cardie:, Candy tufts, both with white and purplifh flowers, as alfo a Spanifh kinds not let fortdby any before. I . ThlaJpiCrcticrtm albtfat umbeRatum majus , Great white Candy Mndard, This CV»nfi«n plant hath divers hard and fmallflalkes, bearing a few long and narrow pointed fmooth leaves, fet on them one above another up to the toppes, where the white flowers grow in broad round tufts, fomewhat larger than in that fort is expreffedinmy former booke : the feede velfels that follow are greater alfo with a pointed in the middle of them : the roots is fmai! and thready, and endurtth divers yeares not dying as the other doth. 2. Thlajpi umbeRatum arvinfe Ibcridis folio. Variable flowred Mndard. The leaves hereof are fomewhat long and narrow, cut in or deepely dented about the edges,.more; than thofe of Candy Mudard: the flowers grow in tufts or umbells like thereunto but of mixed colours, that is white and purple ufiially, and fometimes wholly white, and in others yellowifh but much more rare: the feede is like the (fan. die kinde. 5. Thlafpi umbcllatumCreticttmflorealbo odorato Swcece Treakle Mudard wrtha white flower. This white fandy Mudard is fmaller, and groweth lower than the fird, bulbing thicke with fmaller and nar¬ rower leaves dented oncly attheends; thedowers are white but fmaller than they, and duelling very fweete, after which follow fnch like powches with yellowifh feede in theni •• the roote perifheth yearely. Thlafpi umbeRatum Naflurtij folio Monifcliaoum . UWompeliers umbilleferotis Mudard. The dalkes of this Mudard are many and greater than in the other before, bearing many more jagged leaves on them refembling thofe of the common garden Creffes: the flowers are white in fpikie rundles or umbells at the toppes which give fmaller leede than the others but as fharpe as any of them. The Place - Some of thefe grow about Montpelier, and the greater number in Candy, and jut in gardens with us. T R I B E 7. 5 . ThlaJpi umkltarum Cretieum flore alio odorato, Sweetc Treakle -Muftard with a white flower. ■«, Thlojpi umbeVatnm Na/hrrtij folio Minjfc!, Jkienpeliers Mrobillilcrous Muftard. T R I s E 7. TheTbeaterof Tlants, C h a p.14. 841 The Time. They flower and feede about the fame time that the Candy kindes doe, expreffed in my former booke, which is ufually not untill July. The Names . The firft Bauhinus cillethThla/pi Creticum flore albo waj*tf 3 and I thinke it to be the Thlajpi Narbonenfe Cen~ unculifolio of Lobel, which as he faith the Italians and Matthiolw accounted an AljJfum *, the fecond is taken to Ibe the Thlajpi Allobrogicum of Cluflus- and th cThlaJpidij aliudgenus vel tertium Tragi, the Thlajpiamarum of Ta*> \bermontanw and the Nafiurtium fy he fire of LugduneufiSy which Bauhinus entituleth Thlajpi umbellatum arvenfe Vlberidjs folio, as I doe: the third is the fourth Thlajpi oiClufius called parvum cdorato flore, which Bauhinus calleth Thlajpi umbellatum Creticum flore albo odoro minus : the laft is called by LobelThlnfpi alteram minus umbellatum Nafiurtij hortenjis folio Narbonenfe, which Lugdunenfs and Tabermontanus doe both remember, the one by the name of Thlajpi aliud umbellatum fens, and the other by the name of Thlajpi Narbonenfe umbellatum. The Vertues . The vertues of thefe hs^bes are to be referred to the former, for being almoft as fharpc they cannot but worke the like e fie bis, yet in a weaker manner, and therefore thus much fhall be fiifficient for them. 1. Thlafpi mottlar.um G la ft if olio majut. Cl ' 1 pus his firft Hungarian Treakle-Muftard* Chap. XIIII. Thlajpi Montanum . Mountaine Treakle-Muftard. {ggqgSggHe next kinde of Treakle-Muflards that are to be fpoken of, are thofe that grow upon high hills and mountaines and in rockie ftonie places. Efi ~ jjpj| 1 . Thlajpi montanum Glajlifolio ntdjttsi Clufius his Hungarian Treakle-Muftard. This Idhlajpi rifeth up with divers fmall but ftrong ftalkes a foote or more high,let at diftances with i 011 g and fomewhat broad leaves, compafling it at the bottome as th eBrafica campeftris doth, and neare unto the lame colour, greene above and grayifh underneath fmelling fomewhat like onto Garlike, as thofe alfodoe that lie upon the ground: the flowers are many and white plentifully growing at the toppes without any fent. Which after wards give hard aud flat powches,not parted as o- thers are but whole and round flicking forth in the middle like a buckler, in the middle whereof lieth but one feede, the roote is bulhie and full of firings and fibres that contiune many yeares. 2. Thlajpi montanum Glafli folio minus. The fmall Treakle-Muftard of Baden. This hath a great many fmall leaves lying on the ground round about the roote, very like unto the blew Dayfie. full of juyee, and of a darke blewifh greene colour, among which rife up di¬ vers ftalkes about a foote high, bearing thereon many leaves Ap\ longer and more pointed than the lower, and at the toppes dry white flowers one above another, which afterwards bring flat powches like thofe of Shepheards purfc: the roote is long white and fibrous. q. Thlafpi montanum femper virensi Bvergreene Mountaine Muftard. The ftalke of this Thlafpbis fomewhat great and wcoddy, co¬ vered from rhe roote upwards to the branches, with a brownifh rugged barke fet with divers long white leaves at fpaees, fome¬ what like to thofe of Stocke-Gillowflowers but fmaller and ve¬ ry quicke and fharpe in tafte : at the toppes of the branches which are many and much difperfed (land tufts of white flowers,after which come fuch like husks as are in the common Thlafpi »and fuch like feede in them very hot and fharpe: the roote fpreadeth it felfe into many branches and periflieth not, but abideth with the ftemme alfo above ground uncorrupted ma¬ ny yeares. 4. Thlafpi fax at lie rotundifolium. Mountaine Treakle-Muftard with round leaves. This mountaine Thlajpi hath rifing from a fmall long yellow- ifh roote many fmall weake bending ftalkes a foote high, fhoo- ting forth fibres at the joynts as they lie next the ground, where rhe leaves grow fmall and fomewhat round, from the upper joynts fpring forth fmall naked branches an hand breadth long, . . bearing a few pale coloured flowers, and after them fmall pods upon very (lender foot ftalkes, wherein is contai¬ ned very fmall feede. . ' _ 1 , *. Thlafpi Alpinum minus capituio rotundo. Small mountaine Muftard with round heads. This fmall mountaine Thlafpi hath from among many fmall (hort leaves, that grow next the ground being pointed at the ends, lightly dented about the edges, and every one on a fnort foote ftalke, divers tender ftalkes rifing up about a foote high, branched at the toppes, and bearing a few narrow long leaves on them, andfmali white flowers above them, after which follow fmall round feede vcffells divided by a fmall skinne into two parts, (landing upon very {lender foote ftalkes with fmall yellowish (harpe feede within them : the roote grow- eth fomewhat great at the toppe and fmaller downs wards. _ q ■ & Thlafpi Ch ap. 14, Theatrum c Botamcum. Tribe 7. . Thtafpi montanum Glafiifolio minus. The fmallcr Treakle-Muftard of Baden. 3. Tblajpi montanum femptr virens. Evcrgreene mountainc Muftard, 5. Thlufp't Alptnum minus capital0 rot undo- Small mouncaine Muftard with round heads. k i ; T hi-■ {pi montanum lutcum majuu The greater yellow Thlajpi. Tribe 7. The Theater of Plants. Ghap.i^. 13. Thlafyi Veronica: folio. i 4. 1 j. Jhlaffi mcntanum Vermitulato acutofoUot Treakle Mwftard with Spcedewel! ieavqS; & alterum carnofo rotundo folio. Xrcaklc Muftard with very (mail nnd pointed leaves; . ?nd another with (mail thicke leaves. 6 . Thlafpi Alpimm majm capitulo rotunda, tfe greater mountaine Milliard with round heades* The greater kinde hath divers heads or tufts of fomewhat longer leaves next the ground, from the middle o£ each whereof rifeth up a bigger ftalke,fet with narrow leaves up to the toppes, where they branch forth and bearc fuch like white flowers and round hcades with feede, as the Iefler kinde doth but larger : the roote like wife is fomewhat great. 7, Thlafpi Alpinum repent. Creeping mountains Treakle Muftard. This ft all Thlafpi hath many fmall branches creeping by the ground of foure or five inches long with fome few leaves that are fomewhat roundftt without order on them, and at the toppes many white flowers fomewhat large and great, in whole places afterwards come fmall fiat powches, containing feede in tafte like unto Rocket; the roote is linall and long. 8 . Thlafpi parvurnfaxatile fore ruhente. Small reddifh floWred Treakle-Muftard. The roote of this Thlafpi is white and long, from whence come three or foure round upright yet weake (hikes, 1 with very fmall thicke and round leaves at the bottome, not much broader than the fruit or feede veffellsthem* fdves, of a pale greenc colour, 2nd thofe that grow up higher fmaller and narrower up to the toppes, where the flowers'made of foure leaves apeece, ftand in tufts many fet together of a pale reddifh or bind) colour, ftriped with veines-ofa deeper red riling out of reddifh greenehuskes being the outer flowers, which as acrowne com- pafie the tufts, for from the middle rife other flowers afterwards upon long foote ftalk.es, and flat ftedc-veffels after they are paffc with fharpe feede in them, but the rootes and leaves arc bitter. 9 . 7 hlafpifaxatile Poly gala folio. MbuntaineT&/<*//>* with Lentill-like leaves. The ftalkes otthisThlafpi rife to be about a foote high having fmall leaves on them, in forme like unto P oljffala or Milkeworte, but much fmaller or rather like unto thofe of the pulfe we call Lentilh (and in lome countries Titles) that is fomewhat longer than round : the flowers are many fmall and white peeking 013 the toppes of the. ftalkes, which afterwards givfc fmall round feede veffells,parted in the middle with very fmalHeede therein. to. Thlafpi montanum luteunt ma']Hs. The greater yellow Thlafpi. From a fmall long roote fpring forth fundry weake branches lcarce able to ftand upright, fet with divers fniall long and fomewhat narrow leaves a little hoary without order, fomewhat like unto SerpiUnm Mother of Time at the toppes grow many fmall yellow flowers fet together in a tuft or umbell fomething large, where afterward ftand fmall feede vefiells with very fmall feede in them. H 4 Thlafpimontanutnluteum minm. The Iefler yellow Thlafpi, The leaves of this Thlafpi are fmall fomewhat long and narrow, pointed at the ends like unto thelaft, but fmaller, rough and hoary withall, the ftalkes are browne leaning downe to the ground rough and hoary likewilej bearing many flowers at the toppes of them fomewhat larger than the laft, and ■’.2, C15 844 Chap.i4> Tbeatrum < Botanicum. T RlBE J, of a deeper yellow colour almoft like the Wall-flower, every leafe being round pointed, and cut in in the middin making them feeme like hartes which doe not ftandin round tufts or umbellsbut in fhort fpikes, after whid come rou»h and hoary round feede veffels, with a pointell flicking forth in the middle ofevery one of them, anc containing one flat round yellowifli feede in them : the roote is fmall and long and fpringeth new leaves ano ftalkes every yeare : this hath but little fharpenefle in it. 12 . Thlafpi Veronica:folio. Treakle-Muftaid With Specde-well leaves. This Thlafpi hath divers leaves lying next the ground rough or hairy and almoft round, of the bignefle oftht nayle ofoncs thumbc.and of a deepe greene colour every one upon a fhort footcftalke, fomewhat refembling the leaves of Speedewell: the ftalke is hairy halfe a foote high branching ulually from the bottome, and lometimei without branches,fet with very few leaves that compaflethem atthe bottomes and bearing at the toppes man) fmall white flowers and after them fmall round and long pods upon fmall footeflalkes one above anothei (pike fafliion, containing in each a fmall browniflr yellow feede fomewhat (harpe in tafte : the roote is whin I f Thlafoi montanum vermiculato acuto folio. Treakle-Muflard with very fmall and pointed leaves. from a great white hard roote rife fundiy thicke and fhort riveld ftalkes above a fpan long,. rhicke fet witf very fmall kaves without order,being narrow and almoft round, & pointed at the ends,fomewhat hairy about ch« edges and of a fad greene colour, but f mailer upwards unto theflowers at the toppes which grow many buftu'nr together in a large umbell, confiding of foure white or fomewhat reddifli leaves, the under couple being greatei then the upper with lome yellow threds in the middle : the (eede followeth in broad round flat powches, hol« lowed in the middle like a Spoone on that fide next the ftalke and bunching or bellying forth on the outfide, flat alfo at the head, with a fcame in the middle as is leene m many lorts of thefc Thlafpics which is flat and yellow in boththe tides. 14 Thlafpi montanum carnofo rotunda folio. Treakle-Muflard with fmall thicke leaves. The roote of this fmall Thlafpi is long, fmooth, white and hard,from whence fpring divers rcddifli ftalkes, let thicke with fmall leaves that are fle(hie,and not much broader then the powchcs with feede,of a blewifh greene colour, yet fmaller and narrower up to the toppes,where the flowers ftand in a (mall round tuft of a bfufh coloui ftriped with reddifh lines or drakes: after which come fmaller flat pouches a little dented at the toppes and pur- plilh with fmall feede in them like the other but leffe. The Place. All thefe Muftards grow on hills and in rocky ftony places in feverall Countries, yet fome of them are found in our 0 wne Land in the like ftony places. The Time, They all for the moft part flower and give their feede in the Sommer moneths, yet fome fooner or neare the Spring. The Names. The firft of thefe is called by Lobel, Camerarius, and Tabtrmontanus Thlasfi Pamonicum (Inf,li, by Clufus himfelfe Thlafpiprimtsm velmontanumpc/tatum^nd by Bauhinus Thlafpi montenum Glafti folio majus : the fccond is the fecond Thlafpi montanum of Clufius, called alfb by himThlafpi Badenfe , by Lobel and Tabermovtanus Thla¬ fpi album fupinum, Qolumna mentioneth it under the title of Thlafpt montanum primttm burfa paftorts fruSu which Bauhinm calleth Thlafpi Alpmum Glafti folio minus according to his correftion in his Appendix : the third is Lx^dimcnjishisThlafpimontamimcandidum, and called by Bauhinm Thlafpi montamm ftmper drew : the fourth 'Bauhinm onely maketh mention of by themmeof Thlafpi faxatile rotund,folium : the fife is called by Camerarius in his E pitome upon Matthiolus and in borto , Thlafpi tertium faxatile,and by Bauhinm in his OUatthio/us Thlafpi faxatileminore folio, but in his Ai»*.vand Prodromus, Thlafpi Alpinum minus capitulo rotundo, and by Porta in his defeription of Mount Baldui Thlafp, pttraum tMyagroidcs : thefixt is the third Thlafpi faxatile of CWattbiolus which Lugdunenfii and Thalius doe alfo mention, but Thalius his defeription thereof is much differing from it, and Camerarius upon Matthiolus faith hec never found that fort among rockes and ftony places, but in the fields and under hedges, and therefore in his CMattbiolus he fetteth forth that figure of that which grew w ith them, and omitted the other of 'Jl/latthiolusfBauhinus afterwards faith that fuch an one as Matthiolus fet forth was brought him out of Italy and therefore he giveth the figures of them both in his Matthiolus and 7 redromus by the title of Thlafpi Alpmum majus & minus capitulo rot undone leaventh is called by Bauhinus onely Thlafpi A/pinumrepens: the eighth is the Lithothlafpt epnartum carnofofolio of Columna and called by Bauhinus Thlafpi pa’ vum faxatile flere rubente : the ninth is called by Bauhinus Thlafpi faxatile Polygalcfoho according to the correftion in his Appendix, folio 519. at the latter end of his Piuax, but is among hisThlafpies folio x 07. Vermiculato folio : the tenth is Lobel his Thlafpi fupinum luteum which Bauhinus entituleth Thlafpi montanum incanum luteum SerpHlifolio majus, as hee doth the eleventh Thlafpi faxatile incanum luteum Serpiilifolio minus, and is the Jonthlafpi hsteo fore incanum montanum ■Itsr.h.iJm of (‘alumna : the twelfth is called by the learned of Mompelier , Thlafpi Veronicasfolio, and as Bauhinus faith is the ‘Draba minima mar alls Dit/coridis of Columna, and yet hee maketh it to be a Burfa paftorts alfo, calling it major loculo oblongo, but Columna faith it hath a fliarpe tafte like a hOraba hut fo hath not Burfa pafiori, : the thirteenth and the laft are mentioned by C 0, “mna under the fame titles here expreffed. TheVertues. Thefe forts ofTWa/pialfoastheyareall or the moft ofthemof the like fharpenefle in tafte unto the former, fo they may bee of the fame qualities in operation hut no fpeciall properties being fet downe by any author that have made mention of them nor other private experience, I cannot lpeake further concerning any ©fthem, C H A f. ’r IBE 7, The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 15. Cha r. XV. Thlafpi cljpeatum. Buckler-like Thlafpi or Treakle-Muflard. g Fourth kind of Thlafpi is to be fpoken of,whole difference from others confifleth chiefly irr the feede veffells which are formed fomewhar like a buckler , and thereof talteth the 'tj name of which we have not many to entreat, but as they are they (hall here follow- Y' -r-j J 1. Thlafpi cljpeatum Hieraeifoliummajus. The great Buckler-Muftard. This Thlafpi hath divers long leaves lying neijt to the ground, fomew hat like unto thofe rt f common Hawkeweede,but Icffer and unevenly dented or rather waved about the edges, dBBal &rrf=%J an d a little hairy alfo, among which rife up two or three weake trayling ftalkcs, with a few ,. wt thereon much linaller then thofe below, without any dent or inciliori in them at all, at the toppes they ^wCnches, whereon are let many pale yellow flowers made of foure leaves apeece, which arter- JTards eive flat round powches dividcdas it were into two round parts like bucklers,the footeflalke ftandit^ be- weene thenfland ending in a fniall pointell, in each flde whereof is contemed one feede oflittleorno fharpe aftr at all ;the roote is fmall and (lender penfhing every yeare. _ a e 2. Thlafpiclypeattint afperummintH. The lefler Buckler-Muftard. 1,,-r nr teller Buckle-Milliard hath lell'er leaves but more rough and hairy then the former, decpely , Mahout the edges, and from them rifeth a fmall weake flalke, divided at the toppe into two or three bran- frr wirh narrow leaves and fmall yellowifh flowcrs.made of five leaves a peece at the toppes one above ano- C ’ Minn where afterwards (land fmall Buckler-like heads, and pointed in the lame manner as are m ther lpue . (miller as the feede is alfo: the roote is fmall and perifheth. the fonnei ^lafpi btfcutattmviUofumprecalcftri Spurre flowred Buckler Thlafpi. , A’1,:, rhlafoi that !ve on the eround next the rooteare about two inches long & halfe an inch broad, The leaV r ^ed4s into ddme gafhes being hairy and ofa light hoary greene colour: the flalke is likewife hoary rutin on tl * ^ . p e P t | ic h -hch like torne leaves butleffer and comparing it about at the bottome bran- T lnr and bearing lar"C pale yellow flowers confiding of foure leaves a peece, with a fmall hceleor ched at the topei and Tod eflaxe, with a fmall pointell and feme threads about it in the middle Handing, fpurre behind like flowers arc app care fuch like buckler-like feede veffels as are in the former, parted in rough husk , ^ ; n £ mi adle betweene them (landing forth: the roote is thickc and long of the big- neffcof onesTittle finger of a tafle betweene fweet and fharpe, but the leaves and feede much more fharpe and bi- ting upon the tongue. ScrpiUifolio. Small Buckler-Mulfard with wild Time leaves. This is a very fmall herbe not above foure or five inches high whofe lower leaves are as fmall as thofe of Mo- theT of Time ofawhitifh yellow greene colour,thofe on the ftalkes arc like the other but (mailer, and thickly •j HM' >'{ ■ : K :v ; ft 'll , I T : , Iff I;- . M 846 Chap. 16, Tbeatrum Botanicum . Tribe 7 let thereon the flowers are fmall and yellow like the laft, and fo are the feede veffells but cleate and tranfpaten like cleate Parchment fomewhat yellowifh: the tafte whereof is fmall like the firft. Thlafpi clyptatum arborefcem Creticum, The great BuMer-Thlafpi of Candy. This hath the lower part of the ftalke thicke fhort and wooddy, the branches riling from thence are of: cubits length and wooddy alfo, with two hoary thicke leaves let all along the branches, many of them turninc one way,bearing at the toppes lundry fmall white flowers, and after them round flat huskes, refemblilig old fa filioned Bucklers among the Venetian, with fmall round flat leede within them, and fomewhat fliarpe: the ioote is thicke, fliort and wooddy, with divers firings and fibres thereto* The Place. Some of thefe forts are naturally growing about Mompelier and the parts not farre off, feme alfo about Naples as Columna relateth,and the lafl in Candy as t/ilptnm faith. The Time. They flower and give their feede about the fame time that the others before let downe doe, or lime, what later. The Name:. The firft: is called by LobclThlafpi parvum Hieracifohumfi ve Lunaria lute a Monfpelienjium, by (l/tfus Thlafpi cljpeatum, by Camerariw Thlafpi bijeutatum vel Lunariabifulcat a,by Ltigdunerfs Lunaria lute a Dalecbampij by Thalius Leucoium montanum primum, by Column a Leucoium AljJfoidesumbellatum montanum, by Tabet montanut Thlafpi cljpeatum minus, but in Gerard the figure is miflet, the greater in flead of the Icfler as the deferiptions de¬ clare, and by Bauhinw Thlafpi bijeutatum afperum Hieracifolium majus ; the fccond Column a calleth Iondrab* Alyjfoides A pu lafpic at a and by Bauhinw Thlafpi bifeutatum afperum minus ; the third Columna calleth Leucoium montanum fore pedato, referring,it rather to Leucoium then to a Thlafpi, although the feede veffells are farre diffe¬ ring, but Bauhinw contrariwife maketh it a Thlafpi as it doth moft fitly thereunto agree, and calleth it Thlafpi Bifentatum villofumfiore calari donata : the fourth is called by Lobel Thlafpi alterum minus Cljpeatum SerpillfoliofL Lugdunenfs Thlafpi minw cljpeatum pens, by Columna Thlafpi minimum fpic at umlunatum, by Csfalpinus Luna - via Grxca quart a, and by B auhinw Thlafpi cljpeatum SerpiUifoliom : the lafl; is fo named by Alpinus in his books of exoticke plants as it is in the title. The Venues, There is none of thefe herbes ofhalfe that fierceneffe or fharpeneffe that many of the others before are, neyther is any of them ufed in Phyficke that I know for any purpofc, but ferve onely as varieties in nature to pleafe the curious. Chap. XVI. Flore duplet Thlafpifruticofam. Shrubby,bufhie,or wooddy Treakle-Muftard. Fift kind of Thlafpi is of thofe that grow greater then the reft and more wooddy like a fmall bulh,whereof there are fome varieties here to be expreffed. I. ThtafpifruticofumLeHCoij folio latifolium. The broader leafed wooddy Treakle-Muftard. This broad leafed wooddy TW«/yirifethupwitha wooddy round ftalkehalfca yard high bearing thereon long pale greenc leaves like unto thofe of the Stock-Gillofiowcr tut fhorter, and narrower the flowers" that ftand at the toppe are fomewhat large and of a palewhitifh yellow colour,after which follow leede veffells made like tbiclda parted into two parts,as many other of the for¬ mer o.tsare. ^ ifruticofam Lcuctij folio tmgttftifolium. Narrow leafed wooddy Treakle-Muftard. This other wooddy Thlafpi fpreadeth with many branches thicke fet with narrow long leaves, very like unto the leffer Sea Leucoium : the flowers at the top are white Handing many together in fhort fpikes, which turnc in¬ to fmall flat feede veffells like unto the reft; the roote is white long and wooddy fpreading much under ground. 3. Thlafpi fruticofum Hippanicum, Spanifb wooddy Treakle-Muftard. This Thlafpi (hooteth forth many weakc hard and wooddy ftalkes, feafe able to ftand upright, thicke fet on all tides with rough hairy leaves like unto Savory up to rhe toppe where grow many fmall white flowers in fhort fpikes and after them fmall flat powches with feede in them: the roote is hard and wooddy perilhing every yeare. 4, T hlafpi fruticofamfpinofum. Thorny Treakle-Muftard. This thorny Thlafpi rifeth up with divers hard wooddy ftalkes branching forth diverfly,fet in divers places with fliort and fharpe thornes, the leaves are difperfed on the branches without any order, at fome places one or two tooether and at others more,which are fmall and long, pointed at the ends,and hoary as it were all over efpecially on” he underfide: the flowers are white Handing thicke together at the firft,but afterwards grow into long fpikes where come (mail feede veffells like unto the fmaller forts of Thlafpi : the roote fpreadeth divers wayes, yetabi- deth not but petiflieth as the reft doe. j. Thlafpi incamm Mtchlimenfe. Hoary Thlafpi of CMachlm, T his Thlafpi of Mach/in groweth firft with many long and whitifli hoary leaves lying on the ground, and after¬ wards bufliing thicke upon the flenderweake ftalkes, beare a number of fmall white flowers at the toppes in tufts.and afterwards fpread more in length,where follow fmall round feede veffells a little pointed at the ends, containing fmall feede therein,and leffe fharpe then any others: the roote is long and white perilhing after feede time every yeare, but rayling it fclfe againe of the (hed feede. Sometimes Ihavefccne this kind co give double flower but no feede neither did it endure long after in my Carden. 0 - — The 848 Chap. 17, 7 heatrum ‘Botanicum* Tr I B E The Place , Thefe iorrsgrow in fevcrall countries, fome in Pr-Awc? about Alarfelles and ALcmpelier, l omcin SpainepaA Italy, and lome in the Lew Countries, the fame alfo that were thought proper to fome countries havebeencfound alfo in others. na The Time. They all flower in Summer, and give their ripe feedc fhortly after, but few of them abiding after the feede is ripe. The Names, The fir A is called by TLmhmw Thlafpi fruticofum Leucoi] folio UtifoUum, as it is in the title: the fecond is cal- . led by L'.U el in his Obiervations Thlafpi fruticofum folio Lencoij marini minoris, whom Lugdunenjls zxiATahermon* tanus doe follow, but Bauhir.as callech ;t Thlafpi Leucoi] folio auguflifolium ■ and Cameraritu Thlafpi fempervirens hi forum : the third is c a led by Lobel Thlafpi fruticofum alteram, and fo doe LugdunenfspnA Tabcrmoni.mw - and asC/nfita thinketh is his Thlafpi fextum Hifpanicam a/ho fore, by Bauhir,us Thlafpi fruticofum folio Thymbra hirfnto : the fourth is called by Lobel and other fince him Thlafpifruticofum fpimfum Narhonenfe or Thlafpi fpi„ a S" m s the fift is called by Label mi ClufimThlafpi incanum Mechlimenfe, by Bauhinm Thlafpi fruticofum Leant,m who taketh it to be Thlafpi incanum fruticofum Franconia of Cameranus inhorto. as alfo the Iheris of Tabermcnta mu which Cjerari hath expreffed under the title of Thlafpi fruticofum. The Vertues. Some of thefe forts as are fharpeasanyofche former which therefore may be judged as conduceable for the greefes the fir A forts w«e appropriate as they : the'others that are little or nothing fharpeare held to be unpro¬ fitable. r Chap. XVII. Thlafpi exoticum. Strange fafhioned Thlafpi. fTgS? 4 e k' nc k thefe Treakle-MuAards are fuch as are in forme of leaves, or growing farre differing from all the other kindes and not from the Arange countries where they grow. “ ’ I hlafpi hederaceum .* Ivie leafed^Treakle-MuRard . This Thlafpi fhooteth up with many weake tender ftalkes leaning downewards, and rather cree¬ ping upon the ground, than railing it felfe to be much above a lpannc high.difperfedly let with fmall broad leaves, thicke and fhort, broad at the bottome, cornered about the middle, and'pointcd at theend (ome- what refembling Ivye leaves: the flowers are imall and white growing fpike fafhion at the toppes of the bran" ches, which after wards yceld fmall i ound feedc veffells parted at the ends containing fmall feede and fharpe like Thlafpie ; the roote is Imall, long and fibrous perilling every ycarc, ‘ ‘ i, Thlafpi Hedcraceun. 1 vie leafed Trealde- MufUrd, ■ Thlafpi aliud Lunalii folijs fra Lumua Magorum Lobclij . Strange Moonewort-iifcc Treakle Muftard. Thlaf. TheTbeaterof Tlants, C H A P.l8. >fRIBE7. ___ t'm, r„i „nud i tinArus Mils fivTunori*Mam Arabum Lobelia. Strange Mooneworte-like Trcakle-Mudard. i^rtflbbZ determined by Z»Mto what genus this plant is to be referred, yet I have prefumed to | it nfx C unto the lvie leafed kind untill it can be othenvife difpofed,his dilcripnon thereof being briefe thus, s.ilace it ne^L unto t e j ,r a fh coloured bending wooddy roote divers leaves fomewhat hkeunto a Lx- SfflS5«'ESS,t.— ... M,, be MKh. k *»•), k * ilallyes that are betweene that high hill called Mom Senj, .and ' ' ’ 5 ThlafpiAlexandrinUm. Levant Thlafpi or of Alexandria _ ,■ This is a fmall plant but very beautifull, fcarfe halfe a foote high, from whole route which »long and to- LT r feth vp divers branched dalkes,at each joint whereof where it branched! groweth a large round leaf e com- baffine he ftalke on both fides, round like unto thole of Thoroughwaxe, from the toppes of the branches come brrf. many flowers, and after them fmall round feede veffells ending in a point, parted tn the middle by a skinne, I in The h fi^ iXVt f th hee e fo d undin Portland which is an Uandbdonging to CornerraU nor farre from Pimm*** tin the W eft of England,mi in divers of the fea coades thereabouts: the fecond he hkewife found he faith n \voy as it is fet downe in the delcripion: the lad came from Alexandria and other parts of Syria. J The Place. . ,. , . The firfl flowreth and feedeth plentifully both in the naturall places, and whether it«' mer moneths: but the fecond, as is faid was not knowne : the lad as commmg out of an hotter climate: ui tome what more tender and hard to be kept a Winter ,for it beareth not the fird yeare.and hardly the next but very late. The Nantes. , The fifd is called by Lobel Thlafpi hederacenm, and fodoth Lugdnnenfis, and others that have made mention thereof lince; Bauhinm calleth kTblafpi repens hedera folio : the fecond is called by Lobe I y u f‘ tr “' K hefaith the Italians doe call it iTaMnus calleth the lad Thlafp, Alexandre.num being fo called by „,d< ofany rfSibtaS *.,J k»k.»l J™«b to have fpoken of both ofthofe and the others before, for I intended not to invent receipts of thofe things I tion.but to relate what I have reade or knowne to be praftifed. Chai. XVIII. Draba five ArabU. Arabian Milliard. S neared both in forme and qualitie unto the ThUfpi is this herbc/Dr^ wbiph I have Englilled Arabian Mudard for want of a fitter namc.for although the Lattne or Gueke name (whether ye will, or neither if ye will) may feeme to urgean Arabian originall.yet we find that ^ mKC J^moncr knowneliwtei* Mallard, it is as an adulterate a Greek nameasa La- tine, and not thought to be of Diofcorides his owne fettingdowne, but intruded by others into fome copies of his, becaufe others that are more anthenticke have it not at all: the ancients have mentioned but one fort, butthefe later times have produced divers others, which havebeene fo called of the likeneffe in fome parts, unto themod knowne and common, I. ‘Drain vulgaris. The more common or knowne Arabian Mallard. This Arabian Mudard from a creeping white roote fhootethupin divers places many draight drakeddalkes fet about with grayifhgreenc leaves, fomewhat broad, and not very long, a little pointed at the end, and broad at theboctome compafling them, but thofe that grow at the foote of them have every one a fhort foote dalke and dented unevenly about the edges: the toppes of the dalkes arc fpread into many branches, all of them riling to an e- quall height, with many fmall whiteflowers fet thereon of foure leaves apeece, forming a large tuft or umbel!,where after they are pad dand fmall round feede veffells,divided into two parts like fome of the former Thlafpies with a fmall pointed at the end, containing in each part one feede fomewhat fharpe as the leaves are a litt'e alfo : this by the creeping rootes maintaineth it felfe in the Winter and perifheth not. 1. Draba minor capita!je orbicularibns. The fmaller Arabian Mudard. This fmaller fort hath divers hairy leaves rifing from the toote fomewhat dented about the edges, and danding upon long foote dalkes, from among which fpring up a fmallflcnder dalke about an hand breadth high, havings few leaves much longer and narrower fet thereon, and from the middle thereof plentifully dored with fmall branches and round heads on thegv (for the flowers hays Tbeatrum Botanicum. -----——_____ f not beeneobferved .) parted by a thinne6kinne containing one feede in each part: the r lVe fmaI1,0 "g and roUnd coddes - which par^tro two parb Tew the fmall reddifh feede within them cleaving to each fide : the roote is fmall and cteepeth fpreading fane about- V 5 - Draba albafiliijHofa miner. The lefTcr codded Arabian Milliard. ' This fmaller fort hath divers branches of leaves riling from the roote which lying on the ground or a little red with earth fhoote forth Imall fibres whereby it creepeth fane about 1 the leases are broad aj"he point and fmallei atthe bottome, dented into fome deepe dents or notches, thegreateft whereof are lowed of P gravid, greene colour which fo abide the firlt Winter,and then lomewhat earely before the beginning of Summer foil™,, ing.from among them rife fundry upright [lender: hairy ftalkes halfe ajfootc high, fer will, leiTer leaves vvhkh compafle the ftalkes at the bottome,after which come (lender long and round coddes.like to thole of the ordinary Milliard, containing within them in a double row fmall reddifh feede: the roote is fmall and white, fending forth iuch like branches of- leaves yearely abiding all the Winter after. § rtn 6 . T>rabaEryJimifiore(^Jiliquij. Bafhrd Muftard. This fmall plane hath divers luch like branches of hairy whitifh leaves lying about the roote, flfohtlv dented a' bout the edges,every one on a ma 1 foote (hike, from among which rife up weake and (lender ftalkes fet with the like leaves and fundry fmall yellow,fh flpwers at the toppes, whom fmall long coddes doe follow, conwi rung imall Iharpe fetde: the roote is of the bignefle of a finger, white and long, fet without, or whh very 7. Draba In tea. Yellow Arabian Muftard. The lad plant is not fo fmall as this is great, {hooting forth fquare, but weake ftalkes, foureorfive footelong or more, not able to (land upright, but lie on the ground, oftentimes, fet orderly with long and fomewhat broad greene leaves, a little hairy and dented about the edges, fpreading many long branches, ill of them llored 4 T)raba alba filiquofa repent. I hcioorc creeping codded/Iranian Muftard. 5 . 7) raba a l ba filiquofa m inor. The letter codded Arabian Muthrct. rich very fmall yellow flowers,growing flatteringly at ictoppes with fome fmall leaves among them, which irnetnto very (lender and limber long P°**^“ v * y -nail yellowifli feede in them very (harpe and biting up- n the tongue: the roote groweth to be v «y omewhat wooddy, very ftrong and fierce bo * 10 nd tafte,abiding under ground many yeares.but looting 11 ftalkes and leaves above ground every yeare. 8. Drabaflore csrnleo galeato. ^ Hooded Arabian Muftard with blew fiowers For feme likeneffe unto Drabx is this plant referred! hereunto,although in many things ™ch dittenng . unt0 the AfclepUs SwalloWort.ofanhotbutaromatKall ■oots confift of many long white firings and ho r ^ 111 ' fometimes two.ftraight fmooth and ftraked,about md fpicy tafte, which ufually fendeth forth butoneftalke, floWcr ° llke thoft of Orchis or Dogs halfe a yard high, fpread into fome fe ^J , ” n f tbe foppes: the lower greene leaves are about two inches Cdge^but thole that gtowuphigher and but far** the ftalkes are narrower and more pointed. . « • . -/if L rt . lt iir»rHpr t 5 nf* the fields at as others have donein The firft Clujitu faith he found as plentifully about bo d n0£ wcn ioned where it grew, the third other places,and fo likewife the fourth and fift, the fo ond ^ f g ^ . the feaven th at Tubing nearc rhehver taW among the Sn*~» : the laft is natural! m certame places of Jarbene prance. ^ ^ They doe all flower in the moneths of f«» e and ^ ripeneth in the mcane time. It is called in Greeke *3 and feme “? ^atme ^dKera wrils'hare' oblbrvet that this yet found out, although Lobd in& Pena doe g e him, buc-thruft into the tcitas l laid before by fome herbe was never knowne to ‘Ptofiorides nor mentio ,[1 D io ( cor jA es mcchod.and wrote moftof the lame later writers,for neither Galen nor Ori afius who both followed who thc farae manner and things make any mention thereof at all, no mo e ither who wrote out of ‘Dufcoridcs the mod of order write of the fame herbes with Dtofcondes, n°np _ T the name of ‘Driophomn ;-betides it is twiie his plant,, yet Cerdas thinketh that Phny meaneth this pim . tnder then me mt P hfa f( , cmld , ooU e, fet downs in fome Greeke copies that are manufcr.pts, firft: i ’ it i s “the herbe fo named is and then at the end of the fame booke betweene aflum p ' j erne writers of herbes,and although Do- wcll knowne now a dayes.and accepted by that name a 1 ° ^ fo|Jnd hisetrour & avoided it .Seraph don (US miftook this and thought th cTh'ajf, rrrtra-to.be K£ ^ Dr; tba vu i gari , by a g Authors,,and Nnftur- calleth it Nafiurtium Ortetffge-.pnt firft is generally called^ ,,.i . t he thi d is called Jby Bdsshfatu led by ClnfitssDMnor andby^** and fo by Dr.-iba tenmfolia vcluti fpicat* : the fourth is called by , r j • an( j TSauhww ‘Drab* alba fili - and Eruca Lraih by him alfo, by Cjufm VrsAa IhaOm, but Wfirv**. who thinketh itmay ^ flanta "he fift is Chsfiu his Vrabafecun- himfelfe thinketh it may agree with LoMh\s SwapittA JK Sinati and Thlafpi media Provmcialis plimta da which BsuJuum calleth Draba alba fsHyuofa , feventh is mentioned of Lob cl whom Lugdunenfis followcth & Banhtnw callet median alfo by the name of 'Arabia ejuorand ■ M by Cameransn ,both in his Epitome upon Manbiolu, & in which namc-he deceived it f.orikn latch find faith it may more fitly agree thereunto ^enuntothej. >V fe ws6 doe ulually 'out of England, which maketh me much to fufpeft that this Draba lute* is the lamenetue x_ . w - V 852 Chap. 19» Thsatrum Botanicum, Tribe- here in Snglstni call Solidago Samfenica 3 nd Germamcaf liijuofa,it doth Co nearcly anfweritin every part vvh'l was alfo well knowne to Gerard in his time, although mentioned by him in a contrary place from* the Solid* f Sunfemcajwax&j in the Chapter of Epimedium Barren-wort,where hee compareth the cods of Epimedmmxjl the cods ot Sarafcns confumed,meaning this plant and not that which he had delcribed before for Solida l0 Sara / rica, whole feede he faith is blowne away with the winde. Bauhinw in his Matthiolas calleth it Drabalatea J in his Pir.ax Draba InteaflritHffmisfilitjuU : thelaft Bauh'mus hath onely mentioned by the name of DrabaT' cxruleogalento, which as I fayd doth hardly or very little agree unto any Drctba. •'* n The Vertues . The Mullard being as fnarpe in tafte as any Thfofpijs accounted to be hot and dry,and thereby tob 1 as effectual! to all the purpofes that Thlafpi or Creffes ferve unto, and as it is in Diofcorid.es it the Chapter te Ki is ufed in Head ofPepper to put among broths and meats,and alfo being boy led with Ptifanc,is available toe* tough Cegme that dicketh in the bread and lungs, caufing it to be eafely expefforate and fpit forth. “ ' ^ * Chap. XIX. Tiirritis JiveTurrita. Towers Mufiard. this herbe there are two or three forts mentioned by fome writers, whereof fome of them referte them as Bar.hwas doth unto the kinds of wilde Coleworts.to whole cenfure I cannot fo readily a . greepn that the herbe in part but the feede chiefly is as hotand fharpe in tafte as the Thlafpi or Dra~ Oa, and therefore fitted to be joyned next thereunto as comming neared unto their family. I. Turrit is vulgatior. The more common Towers Mudard. This more common fort of Towers Mudard bath many rough hairy leaves full of fappe or juice, of a deepe greene colour about two inches long and more then one broad,pointed at the ends and broaded in the middle little or nothing dented about the edge?,lying round abottt the head of the roote upon the g-cund,from among which rife up divers rough and hairy dalkes nearc two foots hi h, fet orderly with fuch Irke leaves one above anothec on all fide: thereof,but compaffing them at the botteme which are narrower & longer pointed then thofe below- at the toppes of the dalkes which are feldome branched,grow manvvery (mall white flowers as itwcrc inatufc together,but flower by degrees the lowed firft, and bring forth long (lender cods prefently after which flandme upright round about the dalkes before the higheft flowers are blowne.the whole dalkes feeme like Piramidef Steeples or Towers from whence it tooke the name, in which cod, are contained (mall browneand Iharpe bi¬ ting feedithe root is compofed of many white fibres or firings feldome abiding after it hath given leede thereof. 1 . 7writ is vulgatlor. Cjmmou I'owa'S Mu ft fil'd. 2. Turrit is major. The greater Towers Mufhrd. but 'r ibe 7 . The Theater of Thints. Chap. 20. 853 t bein° (lied there doth fpring up divers plants before winter,and fo abide to flower and feede the next Sommer. 2. Turrit is major. The greater Towers-Muftard. I phis greater fort fpreadeth many leaves upon the ground fomewhat greater & longer,and not fo rough or hairy « the former, (omewhat crumpled and waved about the edges, and ofa paler orwhiter grecne colour, almoft of e colour of the field Coleworts ( which onely thing in my opinion caul'ed Batthimts and others to referre thefe u arts unto the wilde Coleworts) the ftalkes rife higher and more branched,the leaves on them compaffing them at 0 icbottomes, much more than the former, bearing fmall whitilh yellow flowers at the toppes,and long (lender ads like unto the other after them,but fomewhat longer more crooked,and not growing up fo Hraight about the alltes, but more loofely or fparfedly, containing within them fomewhat larger feede and not altogether fo fierce ind fliarpe: the roote is white and thicke with fibres growing about it, which perifheth and is raffed againe 1 the fame manner. 3. Tttrritis eMlpina. Mountaine Towers-Muftard. This fmall mountaine T owers Muftard groweth up with a fmall frnooth round flalke little above a fpanne high, t aving divers fmall leaves at the foote thereof (lightly waved about the edges, and of a palegreer.e colour, lon¬ er alio than thofc that grow upon the ftalke which are not many, and they fmaller and fliorter and without foote i) Ulkes;at the toppes whereof hand many fmall white flowers fo duflering that they forme a fhort fpike.every one j landing on a long foote ftalke: the coddes have not beene well oblerved : the roote is fmall and white. The Place. II The firft delighteth to grow more on the open Sunnie hills, and the fecond more in the woodes and fhadowye 3 places, and both in Auliria plentifully as Clst/itts faith where the laft was found alfo. The Time. ~\ Thefe flower early for the moft part fometime in Aprill but ufudll in My, ar.d the feede is ripe tn hine. The Names. |- Thefe herbes have not beene knowne to any of the ancient Hertariftes either Grecke or Latines, neither yet to I many ofourmoderne Writers, for I finde hone of them to make mention thereof by the name of Turritis or 7 nr. rita, blit Label in his Dutch HerbalI,C/wjftu, Tabermontanus gwcidt Gerard from him whofe figures were uled for his Herbal!, and Bauhmus laft of all, who yet, as I faid in the beginning of the Chapter referreth them rather to the kindes of Brafficafylvejlris wilde Colewotres. The firft is c lied by CluftM Turrit a vulgatior, arid 'Turn: is by Label , Tabermontanws calleth it alfo Vaccar,a,and Beushium Trafftca fylveflris folijs integra &hiffndis : the fecond is called Turrit a major by Clnfus, but Thalius BraJJica fylveflris precera, and Ttauhinus following Thalius rather than ClttJtM calleth it Brajpcafyhejlris ramofa tot s perse glabra : Bauhihus calleth the laft BrajficafylvefirU Alpina, al¬ though as he faith it was lent him by a skilfull Herbarift by the name of Turritit Alpina. The Vert ties. The fierce fliarpeneife of thefe herbes, and efpecially the feedes doe plainely declare them to bee cottgeneres to the Mullards.Crefl'es.TVafit/^i.and the like, and no doubt will workc the fame effefts, although I have no author from whom I might declare any fpeciall properties in them, and therefore I leave them to every ones pradlife to experiment their vermes. Chap. XX. Iberis Cardamatstica, Sciatica Creffes. Cistica Creffes are of two forts, of both which Matthiolits entreateth but in feverail places, the one ini the end of the firft boolte under the title of Iberis, the other under Lcpidittm in the fecond booke. I. Iberis NaTturtzy folio. Sciatica Creffes. ayLo.A-j, Thi > Iberis rile tit up with a round ftalke about two foote high fpread into divers branches, whofe lower leaves are fomewhat larger than the upper, yet all of them cut or tome on the edges, fomewhat like unto Garden Creffes but fmaller: the flowers arc fmall and white growing at the toppes of the branches, where afterwards grow huskes like Unto Creffes, with (inaller brownifh feede therein than in the other, very ftrongand fharpe in taftc more than the Creffes: the roote is long,, white and wooddy. a. Iberis latiorefolio , Sciatica Creffes with larger leaves. This other hath the lower leaves whole, fomewh it long and broad iioc rent or tome at all, but onely fomewhat deepely dented about the edges towards the ends very ike unto thofc of Thlasfi CretUum fet forth here before among the Tislajfies,but thole that grow up higher are lefler: the flowers and leede are like the former, and fo is the roote likcwile, and both roote and feede as fliarpe as it. The Place. Thefe grow by the wayes tides in untilled places, and by the (ides of old walks, Arc. The Time. They flower in the end of lube, and their feede is ripe in Inly. The Names. Tt is called in Greeke by , Diofcorides\' c, f ', s Iberis fiveCardamaxtica quod Cat dasno, id eft, Nafluri tie [milts efi ( and tyenr yJsJu/sav NafiurtUtmfylvcflre ) if the text be DtofcoriJ.es his otvne, which is plainely con¬ vinced not tofce by good reafons, becaufe by the teftimonie of Galers Iberis and Lepidium arc all one ( for in his tenth Booke De camp, medicam fecundum locos, from the authority of Hygienus Lipparciis, hee faith thus : Si coxexdicum dalorcs levare eft animus, herbam Iberiden) epaam aiiejul Lepidium vocanr, astt Nafturtium jylvelire colligito, r C A * °* ? C ftall Ipeake in the next ( hapter. D.n.crL, icalen fheweS Lf ib "fT * 1 h,s Ihria with this hcrjje Which he learned of another who knew not the name t’hereof.a'nd'her'efole ®!”! .ccite were too Odious. Plinj calieth it Hihris W , h, . ch alfo by fomethatit is the Cjrias Apuleij. Afatthiolw oiveth the fipureof rhefi,<} i ]’ " “ Y' ^ Cls ^° u gfct «sf , /r L «ff r t™ asanas: jssass- as 70 / / C^ant,caMM,nm Iberv Nafl^j folio : the other is called link by Luedanel’ DUoow, Laatna Hefner »her ,„land CafJpnue, who yet faith it is Lepldinntfoue CoLmelU • by AnJiUra te ^ f fi- 5 th * G " mmCsmldcr ^: the©-** Sciatica Ktrf- fnd Ebe Vert He s. The leaves, bnt efpecialiy the roctes while they ate frefh taken in the Summer time, beaten and made into a r P h eo° r ( ;a 7 W,t h ot-Swmesgrcafe, and applied to the place pained with the Sciatica, to continue thereon for fourchouresmrr.cn, and two houres in women, the place afterwards hmVK » • . j ” , mixed together, and then wrapped with wooll or skinnes after they have fweate a little will aich Galen from Dammtcs, not onely the faid difeafe in the hippes and hncklebone and othe 5 t L^ m *’ /uch as is the gout in the hands or feere, but all other old griefes of the head as imererare rhpn^P ej ° ynts> ther part of the body that is hard to he cured, and faith^Ho that^.S" 2nd apphedtP/^reciteth the tame method and manner ha^ZW*" iHCeii innis verics, and laith that if any part orthecneteremaine, the lamp mpdicin^ . x . .. . , plied againc : the fame alfo is effeftuall m the difeafesofthe fpleene.-and applied to the ski meit raVrh^ 0 e *f” blemifhes thereof, whether they be tcarre-.or lepiofic,or fcabbes.oc fcurfeTkc which altEi exuwT/^ part, yet that is to be helped afterwards with a talve made of oyle and waxe Flfr tmh ' fay.that if the roote be hung about the necke, or tied to the arme it will eafe the painesof the tooth-adi. Ch a ili, OT Tribe 7. The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 21. 85^ Chap* XXI.' Lepdiumfine piperitU. Pepperwort or Dittander; 1 Aving (hewed you in the lad Chapter that there” is another Lepedmm differing from JherU, I thinke it meete to (hew you which it is,and place it next thereunto, and toge¬ ther with it expreffe Come others, that for their likenelfe and properties have obtained the fame name. 1 . Tiperitis five'Lepidium vn/gare, Dittander or Pepperworte. Our common PepperWorte called Dittander, fendeth forth fomewhat long and broad leaves, of a light blcwifh ptcene colour finely dented about the edges and pointed at the ends, (landing upon round hard (hikes three or foure footehigh, fpreading many branches on all (ides, and ha- vine many fmall white flowers at the toppes of them> af- ter which follow fmall feede in (mall heads: the rooters (lender running much under ground, & (hooting up againe in many’places, and both leaves and roote are very hot and (harpe in taftc like unto Pepper, for which caufc it tooke the name. 2. Lepidiu*n AdonFfeliacum ‘Dentelhtriei diclum, French Dittander or Scarre-worte. This herbe which is ufually called DcnteHaria RoncUleti] five Nnrhcnenjim, (endeth forth a number of long and limber (hikes, reddifh at the bottome, and lying downe upon the ground,and not (landing upright by reafon of the length, which in my Garden became five or fixe foote long (et with leaves onall Tides of them, being (omewhat narrow, long, and fmooth, of a fadde greene colour fmal- ler at the lower end, and compafiing the (hikes about, blit v lepidim Moitjftliacum 7Jetlle r Jaria diCtanh French Dittander or Scarre-wo.'tc. 1 . Pipperitir five Lepidittm vu'&firei Pepper wort or Dittander. 8^6 Chap. 22, Tbeatrum Botanicum. R I B E 7 . leffer Aril up higher to the toppes where they are a little branched,and doe break forth , flowers fet together,confilUng of five fmall pointed leaves a peece [landing in rough brownifh huskes, wherein af terwards is contained fm.ll round and bl.ckilh leede very fharpe in tafte.exulcerating the sk.nne and burn not bemg layd thereon as the leaves doe alfo ; the roore is compoled of man great firings with a wooddy p th°in every'jeare'gaining ftefh^nlh^Sprbig.^ ® roUnd ai, d abiding many ycares,although both ftalkes and lea/esperifh . 3 • Lepidiumannuum. AnnuallDittander or Scarrewort. This D.ttander or Scarrewort hath (hikes more upright then the laft,three or foure foote high,fee with fuch like leaves as the lad but fomewhat larger and compaffing themat the botromes itheflowers arc white and [land upon Imall branches [pike fafhion one above another,which afterwards give fmail round and pointed hushes like t feme of the TtofjW.wherein thefeede ,s contained no leffe hot and fierce in tafte.and exulcerating the skin then ■' in the former icheroote is Imall and fibrous periling yearely. unen The Place . ? r ? I5p01md natura "y g rowi "S ma "y places of this Land,as at Clare in Effix, neare Exefier alfo and un k «inctf 0m T I C f ” t> eaxer/hawh, i„ Laucafiire, and in other places, but is ufually , Kept in Gardens: the ocher two are found about OHompelier in France . M y The Time, Jh ; £ ,'Tu in thC C , n , d of Um \.*? d n i " J “ l J’ but the very late with us in Jup.fi ,and never gave ripe feede in England that ever I knew: the lafl flowreth in July and the feede is ripe in Auauf, S P , The Names , F J2 y r / 1 ,an Plimj, by UHatthiolu,,Lu[dur,euruJd CMplushvlXl b vGefner * if " "Baubimes Leptdw.m laiifalium : the fecond is called Dentellaria (JHoxIheliac* lla^ula^ho faith ,t ,s called at Rome Her la Sar.lTt Authouij, by Label and L,JCe2‘ aTfnt^h V Mclybdeua Pltuij by Axilla and dejrfusvfb' foPlimi 1 ReT ■« ^b’h CluJius,Durantcs and TabermontunHs call it P lumbago and Plrniba- go Phm ,. BeHomus faith that they of fW; call it Saxiphago they of Lemma PhrecaJida >m A they of L^bos ZT„ Ten P mMS calleth It CJlaftumfylveJlre and Bauhtuus Lepidium Deute/laria diLnm, the lal/is called by Lobe] IVJZTTa andloaIfob y Cu^durerfa, butby Tllims Lepid.um glaftifolium. Wee uLTiy call the firft 35 n 0t i nd ,w ry f ar P e as the I^Mnd worte the fame effefts,for both PM„ ^ir.e,a md T iV fay, that they arc as eftefluall for the Sciatica or H ip-goute or any other gouce or paine in the joynf or any other inveterate greefe, the leaves hereof to bee bruifed and mixed with old ^*k ? i«, and appli ed iu the lame manner, and ufedm the lame order that the Sciat.ca Creffesare appointed be lore /tte fam^afio ien* h the deformities or d^colounngsoftheskmnej and helpeth to take away markes, Icatrcs, end Lbbes or the fowle m tkes of burnings w .th fire or Iron. The women of Bun in Sujfolke doc ufually give rhe juice thereof , Ak to d inke to women vvithchdd to procure them a fpeedy delivery in travail*. The others are judged by he car- 0i r l *. tatlH * ftr f0meof thcm cooke that of Rondeletnts\o bee the ifehc i? r Z ^"for-des ,whereunro fuel, vermes are attributed by Roudelitius ,who made as good ufe thereof for t Fu ]P ' Mry °J ^-.and moreover by holding fome of the leaves m their hands [hat had leave it fo afier^wts caft away. ^ ^ “ marke or wanne dilcolouri "S in the palme of the hand, and Chav. XXII. Hjdropiperfive Perficaria. Arfmart. gEcaufe the lafl herbe was called P,pent*l thought d t0 • thele and iIth0D h ; n f3rm{r tiffies \ ^rewereon,-’v two forts of Arfmart knowne to all Ilerbaril.s, yet fincethem^ hath added a Imall one, B«A»m a fourth,and u e to mcreafe their number are to joyne divers others unto them ; Tho Or dinary quicke or fharpe Arfmart. ‘ flnro nfhen ? arpe f 11,l ™ rt groweth not fo high or greatas the mild fort doth, but with more ftore of branches and leaves,fomewhat like unto Peach leaves, anaarelono anrl fomewhar nJ, ‘ ' t, i C mrk«M^t°helf ally - POt atalln P° nthem > 7« fometi-.ne! it hath beene found with mddifli forth fmaU fniWeI' L fM "FT" ’T*?c tbe toppes of the flalkes, as at the toppe, alfo'come which'falling'away^blackif^ 1 :flat'fcedc" couKin^hTir 3 places^the Wk '" e ?°^ ,ers uiixed or cindering together, blacKifli markes on them ufually yet fometimes vvithouc s the flowers grow in fomewhat longer fpikes ufually, eyther r r i b e 7. TbeTbeaterof Plants . ChAP. 22/ b.57 lata. mild fort. riiytherbluQi or whitifli with fuch like feede following : ( ^‘or fcwpe Arfmiit^nci ihe ipuitedor i xhc rooce alfo is of the fame fafhion and both perifhmg 1 - myearely: this hath no fbarpe tafte at all, but rather lower like Sorrell,or elfe a little drying or without tafte. : n . Perficaria Angufiifolia. Narrow leafed Arfemart. I'l This imall Arfemart hath reddifti ftalkes of a cubits piheight, with much narrower leaves at the joynts then I .’the former, and at their toppes fuch clufter-hke heads or jiblufh flowers but lefle by a great deale * the roote is black- lifh and thieddy. 4 . Perficaria pufilla repens. Small creeping Arfmart* It This other fmall Arfmart ftandeth not upright, at all as 1 the former doe,but leanethdownewards with the weake f branches, which together with the fmall long narrow ); leaves are not by the halfe fo great as either of the two hrlt, :and differeth not but in the fmalneffe from them with ^^(|!( ai fomecimcs white and fometimes purplifh flowers. y. Perficaria acris Virgtniana, Sharpe Arfmart of Virginia . This Arfmart of Virginia is in moft things like the hrlt, ij with long narrow leaves, bu^ the flowers grow on more i3 (lender and long fpikes and wholly white. . 6. Perficariafrutefeens macula fa Virginiana,fiore am. ?> Shrub fpotted Arfmart of Virginia with white flowers. This fort of Virginia Arfmart rifeth up with tundry hard c round grccne ftalkes with the like great joynts on them as ri the others have, and faire large broad darkc blewifti greene s leaves with fmall long points on them, fpotted oftentimes II like the common fort, and often alfo without mat es, in 1 many fix inches long or better, and three and a halte roa , 1 with fundry compafling veines from the middle rib e, an i others leffer and tranfverfe • at the toppes of the Ita e 1 and from the joynts with the leaves like wife, fpnng t>ra ^" 1 chesoffpiked white flowers,likeclofc graines as in the I ■> : 4. Perficaria pufiUa repeat. Small creeping Arfmart,, 6. 7 ihrub fpotted Arfmart of pw perficaria frutefeens ntaculofa Virginian# florc alb j & fore cameo. Cry: ->i nia .with wilier and with blufli t 858 ' CHAF. 23 . Theatrum Botanicum. 1 KIBE' ______ § other but greater.fucceeded by the like blacke and flat Aiming feede: the roote confifteth ofa great bufh of lone black: ftringes and threads which perifti not yearely as the former doe, but abide from yeare to yeare, yet often¬ times the ftalkes with leaves above ground dye downe and rife afrefh in the Spring. 7. Perfiettria alterafrutefcem Umgifolia maculata Virginiana flare carneo. This other Virginia Arfmart groweth Lip with ftraight round ftalkes, much higher than the laft, with much lon-i ger and narrower leaves, marked alfo oftentimes in the like manner, and often a!fo without r this is more plen- tifull in branches of flowers, which are fhorter fpikes but thicker let, with fine blufh coloured flowers, much larlt ger than in any of the former, but gave no feede with the Gentleman Mr. Iohn CMorrice of Iffe/worth, that had tt rifen from the feede that was fent him from a friend in Virginia : the roote is greater and more woody than the laft, and perifhed with theextremitie of the hard winter froft. The Place and Time. The former two forts grow almoft every where with us in watery plafhes, ditches, and the like, that for the : mod part arc drie in Summer: the third in Germany ; the fourth in the like places about as faith- the three laft forts came from Virginia ; the former forts fiowring in June, and their feede being ripe in Autrufl j , but the other forts flower much later with us, and fcarce perfedf their feede except the fift. & 1 1 ’ The Names. It is called in Greeke 1 $ pm-mti, id eft , piper ayuaticum, many doe call it alfo fydropiper in Latine, and general-’ !y Perjicana afoliorumforme, yet fome diftinguifh them, calling the mildcor gentle (ort Perficaria (imply, and I the other Hydropsper or Perftcariaurens y zs Lobcl doth, or mordax as Thaliw doth: fome as Lugdunenfis faith would make the (potted fort to be Plumbago plinij, becaufe of theleaden.likefpotson theleaves, butthey are much deceived: fome alio call it Britanica Plinij, but they are as farre wide as the other : Lacuna calleth it Grata- ■ 2nd Anguillara calleth the fharpe fort by that name of Crauogoncn, andbyfome Zingiber canimtm■ the third IS onely remembred by Bauhimts, the fourth by Lohei, and the three laft by no other before: the Itali. ans call It Perf,curia, the Spaniards CMunchtu, the French Culrage , the Germans IVajfer pftfer, and UMuckenkraut the Dutch spatter peper, and we in Englijh Water pepper and Arfmart, and in fome countries Red-knees. ’ The Vert ues-. The milde Arfcart is of a cooling and drying qualitic,and the other contrarie is hot and drie : the firftis very effectual! for putrid ulcers, either m man or bead to kill the wormes, andclenfethe putri fled places • theiuvee thereof dropped ,n or otberwife applied , it likewife confumeih all cold fwellings.and diffolveth the congealed b.oud of bruifes by drakes, falls, &c. a peecf of the roote, or fome of the feede bruifed and held to an aking tooth taketh away the pame: the leaves bruiied and laid to the joint that hath a felon thereon taketh it away : the juyee dropped into their cares that have wormes m them deftroyeth them quickly: if the herbe be ftrowed in a chamber it will foone kill all the Fleas therein; and if the herbe or juyee thereof be put to horfes or other cattellcs ■ IrT' u T drive way the Fives that will fticke thereto, even in the hotteft time of Summer a good handfull of he herbe put under a horfes faddle, will make him travell better, although hee were halfctired before. The milde Arfmart is held to be good agamfthot empoftumes and inflammations at the beginning, and to hcale greene wounds. s Chap. XX III. Ttarm'.ca vitlffaris. Common field Pelletory or Sneefeworte.’ Ext unto Dictander fiiould follow Tarragon called Tar chon 2nd DracuncHlw hortenfis & cfculentui bemg of the like hot and fharpe biting tafte, but that I have entreated therof in my former BooMs ahoof the garden Dragons,whofe figure J herewith (hew you,& mull in this Chapter fhew you the Ptarmtca zmlgaru .ordinarily called wilde Pelletory and Srecfewo. re, of which kindc alio I have fee forth one with double flowers in my former Booke. Pyrethrum alfo vulgatc, called by us Pelle- , althouoh let forth m mv former BooL-p _ r—~.z • _ _ toryof Spaine, although fet forth in my former Booke. Vnto this I mm'adrfe an other (hanger fcarce' knowne fomuch as by name to our Nation. This common Felletory fiiootcth forth divers brittle ftalkjs a yarde high and more fpread into,undry branches, whereon are fet narrow long leaves pointed at ihecnds, and finely dented a- bout the edges Handing one above another up to the toppes, where grow many white flowers in a round tuft to¬ gether, fomewhat like unto thofe of Yarrow or Millfoyle, with a 'very final) yellowifl, thtumme in the middle bordered about with very fhort whmfh leaves dented in at the broad ends, which pa fling away leave bchinde them fmall heades with chaffie feede therein :the roote is long and whitiflr joynted at fcveral! diftanecs, creeping fan e about under ground: both leafe ana roote ate of an hot fharpe biting tafle, like unto the tree Pelletory of spaine whereof ic cooke the name. J I. Pyrethrum nulgare c'ffcinarum. Pelletory of Staine. r . „ r ,S 3 fm ?,” ‘° w P u,lt beann S ™ n y cut lo ”g leavcs upon the ftalkes lying on the ground, much larger whirp^ni-CV V j 18 V jj-n J L 8 large flower having a pale or border of many leaves, • upperfide, a ^d reddifii underneath fet about the middle yellow thrumme, but not (landing fo clofe t C - th ^ C T J °f 111 fl T Crs doC ’ but rnore f cvered one from another: it beareth fmall whit,’ft feede u hich is hardly found and difeerned horn rrechaffe the roote is long growing downeright of the bignefle ..c, r: / T.-- -- , ““V “ '-‘ourcisionggrownigaowncrigntottneDigneile hrrs from ra° r In ° ur ttountric, butnothalfe fo great where it groweth naturally, with divers fi- chewcdafte’r^fhnhbeareT^'’-? lch watcr int .° tb : ctEill S. auhi '. e ns nnrenHnr,' \ kt ' ne dt ’ cc ^ bur nothing fo much while it is frefh andgteene: the plant is very tender with us not enduring our Winter, unlefle it be very carefully prefcivcd. ’ Tkfs'nf t< " m ‘ “ ‘Dracuhcuhu Alpir.w Scahiefafoho. Wilde Pelletory with Scabious leaves. PeU ^ or >' hath round ? alkes about a foote high, fpieading fome branches towards the toppes, ‘j . e i vc ^ o n g pale grccne leaves on both fdes one above another as in the former, but jaggcdcT deepefy cut in on both fides, fomewhat like unto a Scabious leafe : at the toopes of the ftalkes and branches ftand she the flowers fomewhat larger than the other, elfc not much un¬ like having a border or pale of white leaves, fet about a middle thrumme: the roote hereof is more ftringy and fibrous than the other. The place. The firft growethin fields andmedowes by the hedge Tides and path wayes almoft every where, and in lanes alfo and waft grounds, the other in Spaine and divers other countries •' the laft was found in the mountainous fields of Helvetia or Switferland and other parts there abouts. 'the Time, The firft and laft flower in the end of lane and in July, and the fecond not untill Augufi with us 3 and feldome giveth ripe leedCjUnlefl'e carefully preferved in the Winter. The Thames, It is called in Greeke i/lappm) Ptarmica, quodejl Sternutatoria , or S ternutamentoria, as it is alfo in Latine from the effetft of pro¬ voking fneefing. The firft is diverfly called by divers. Tragus calleth it Tanacetum album five acutum, & Millefolium primum, Cjefner in hortis Tarchonfylvefire vel aquaticum , & in Collett, Jlir- pium Draco aquations , Brunfelfui Pyrethrum, Cor dm on Diofcori¬ des Pyrethrum fylveflre,Dodon£Ui ‘Draco fylveftrisfive Ptarmica, Bauhimts referreth it to that plant which Lugdunenfis calleth Mentha Sarafenica Jpecies altera Mjconij, and yet maketh it alfo a kinde oiC of marie •Thalius Ptarmica fylveftris Germanica , Clu- fins Ptarmicapratenfis^Lobel Ptarmica folio Taraconis vel Sterna - tamentoria, ATatthiolus ,F uchftus ,Ge(her ,and others Ptarmica,and Bauhinus Dracunculm pratenfs ferratofolioithc fecond is called by all A uthors Pyrethrum , and of fome Salivaris ,but Gefner in hortis addeth Germanictim ,as it is thought Matthiolus, Lugdunenfs and all other alterum^Lobel oftic inarum,and Bauhinus fore Bellidjeithe laft is fee forth onely by Bauhinw who calleth it Dracunculus Al¬ pinist folio ScabiofentU called by the Arabians Macarcaraha, or Hacharcharba,b)Lthe Italians Piretro ,by the Spaniards Pelitre,by the FrenchTied* Alexandre ,by the Germans andttDutch'Bertram; it is called in Engltjh wilde Pelletory, or wilde Pelletory of Spaine 3 as the fecond is called the true Pelletory of Sppinr, Pyreth nm vulgare offtcinantm. Pelletory of Spaine. 86 o Chap. 24, Theatrum Botanicum . R IB E The Vertues . 1 fartllft : the herbedryed or the roote chiefly chewed in the mouth dfawnb doS^mS“a'l!Ki and is thereby available to ea(e the paines m the head and teeth.and to draw forth cold rheume catarrhs fluxions upon the Lungs or diftillations into the eyes, it mightily alio numeththehr a ;„rTl w n * that are thecaufe of the Appoplexie and Epilepfie or falling fickneffe “ifhelnelhalfnro r £ M e k, “ 0UI1 moyflureofthe head and braines.that falling into other parts of the body is the caufe of majdifeffes and mu* trouble thereunto: the powtherofthe dryed herbe or roote put up,mo the Noftrills proJeth freezing, whid- oftentimes doth eale the head-ach the leaves or flowers bru.ied and made into a falve or poultis withoMH™ greafe,being applyed taketh away blacke and blew (pots that come by fttoakes or falls or bruifes, as alfo all othf lores or blemifhes in the skinne, and is alio good for the Goute and Sciatica 1 he true Pellrmr, commonly ufed for the toothach.by the root it ielfe or with otherthings to bee chewed L th?^ \ F r ’ it is to be ufed with oyle,and rubbed on the parts that have (haking fitf of Agues ' Chap. XXIII l: Raphanus R»ftica»us. Horfe RcddifR. He kinds of Garden ReddilBIhave declacd in my former Book,& there- *3^1$ 1 fore need nor to ddcribe the againe* b ut: onely to fhew you their Figures - ” and with them the Horle Reddifli, ivhofefirft: leaves that rile up before Winter arc about a footc and a halfe long, narrower and ve¬ ry much cut in or torrie on the edges into many parts, ofadaike greene colour with a great rib in the middle, but after thefe havebeene up a while others follow which are greater, rougher, broader and longer, whole and not divided as the firff, but onely lomewhai roundly dented about the edges : the ftalkc when it doth beare flowers as it doth but feldome is great/ifing up with fome fe " Idler leaves thereon to the height of three or foure foote,fpreading at the toppe many fmall branches of whitifh flowers made of foure* leaves a peece, after which come fmall pods like thofc of the Idler Shepherds purfe, but feldome with any ieedcin them : the roote is great, long, white and rugged, fhooting up divers heads of leaves which may be parted for increafe, but it doth not creepe within the ground, nor run above ground, and is of a ftrong fliarpe and bicterifh tafle almotl as Wuflard. The Place. It is found wilde in fome places of this Land, but is chiefly planted in Gardens where it joycth in a moyll and fhadowy place. The Time, It flowreth as I fayd but feldome, but when it doth it is in Inly, The Thymes. It hath no Grceke name that I can finde,for if THofcoridcs his Copies bee true it cannot bee his Rdpbayjui fylveflris y called by the Romans ss 4 r- moracia Jor hee maketh the roote thereof to bee fmall, and the leaves tender and fit to bee eaten Repbattus rvjlicanus. HorfcRcddih. which cannot agree hereunto, yttlTragm is confident that it is the oArmoracsa oi Pliny, and thinketh with- a t la t it is the 7 hraciaradix and LiothalaJJionai Theophraflus lib,- 7, cap, 4. which Pliny referreth to the Turneps, Jt is called Raphanm Rufticmtu by Label, and Raphams vulgaris and Rxfticamis by Matthio/us, by Dodonms Ra. f and Radicjtla magna,Armoracia atn Raphanus major by Trunfo/fim, Raphanus major by Tragus and d L y' r ' , y npon 7 ) iofeoridts and Lonicerus call it Thlajpiruajus and magnum, and Tauhinus doth in part fo judge of it alfo.for he calleth it Raphamu Rufiicanm Thlaff i alterum ‘Diofcoridi, lib.1.cap. 1 3. But Pliny in his 19. booke and, 5. Chap, hath faulted much,in reciting the kinds of Reddifli with the Grecians to make three wfiich ne taketn opt or ThtopbraShu lib.y.c.A. where he by the word doth not underftand Reddifli but Cab- Dageas the learned doe well know that readehim, and that fdv*™ with him is as it is thought Raphamu Rcd- diih, whereot in the lame Chapter he mentioneth five forts, Corinthiafileonaa, Liothalaffia , BxotiamA another Wild lort with Rocket-like leaves which Atheneiii calleth Amorhea, and Pliny inverting the word Raphamu to The Theater of TlantSi r ibb 7. ,&:i Raphamvit\gctrU„ Ordinary Garden Reddifh. Chap. 25. 861 Rapbanus nigerrotundioreradice. The rounder rooted blacke Reddilh, rnN-s-t, caileth virUti : the CoriMix faith Theophraflm is the greateft, whofe roote is bare above g'j ound > Sew¬ in'* uuwa'rds and not downewards as the reftdoei Ltobalafit, called of fome Thracia. doth belt induce thecold, ^rLisfwectcft, the forme being imall and round, when as the Cleone a is fomewhat long. Now let any me referreaUthefe forts rightly, to the kinds of Reddiihes knowne to us, &mt mihi magmvs Jpolio, the I a- liatts call it Anoracia, the French Grand raphaim and grandrMfirt, the German, Mm'tticb, /and thereupon 'T^eymontamu caileth it in Lilias R*phamtt marinm) and fome Krevt or Kren> the Dutch Meerraajs anaw ’in Enelijh HorfeRcddifhjMonntainc Reddifh, and in the North greene Reddilh, but better I thinke Clownes Muftard for it is too ftrong for any tender ftomacke. . The Virtues. . _ , , Horfe Reddilh is hot and drie in the third degree: with the roote fait and vinegar is made a Muftard, much ufed with country people,and ftrong labouring men in fome countries of germ*nj,k :c. and 1,1 ou ^ o w “ l hnr as I faid it is too ftrong for tender and gentle ftomackes, for as CMatthiolus faith, to thofc that ule it, it hu -eth the head and caufeth ftiarpe and foure belchings, but it is of much good ufe m the paines of the rames, ' der and ftor.e provoking much urine and helping to feparate the gravell from the ftone and to1 expell t,be g l ’..j .1,1,1, h’onv and vinegar into an Eleffuary : it is alio a good remedy in ftrong bodies,both for the Coug , the T-fficke and other difeafes of fhe lunges, as alfo to procure womens courfcs that are (lopped s the ame bv nravoWnVvom ting and fweating, is oVn given before the fit of the q-rf* ague to alter the courfc the i.l^Tven in drhike ^ held to be very effeftuall for the feurvey: t k illeth the wormes m cmldren being drunke, is alftfbeine laid upon the bellyithe roote bruifed and laid to the place grieved with the Sciatica-gout, joynt-ac or the hard fwellings of the fpleene and liver, doth wonderfully helpe them all: the diftilled water of tne be and rootes is morefamiliar to be taken with a little Sugar for all the purpofes aforefa.d. Chap. XXV. 'Rapiftrttm. Wilde Rape or Charlocke. N this Chapter I (hall fhew you the forts of wild Rape called Chadlocke or Charlocke with us, whered ' of there are more forts knowne at thefe times then formerly were to the ancient write, s. 1. Rapumfylvefire non hulbofum. The wild Rape or Tumep. —- The leaves hereof are very like the garden long Tumep, but growing thicker amd wire Pi from the roote,and morecfumpled and rough in handling, the roote is long andflendc , >n not fi'om it, a. Rapijirum Chap.2^. Theatrum Botanicum, Tr IB E ! 2. 'RapiFlrum aliudfylvefire non bulbofum. Another wilde Turnep. This other fort hath fmaller leaves at the bottome not jagged, but thofe that follow are larger and fomewhat j'agged and waved, the flowers are yellow and the feede flat, and of a whicifh yellow colour in (mail long pods fomewhat fharpe. 3. RapumfylvejtreJive Kapiftrrttn arvornm, Wilde Charlockc. This wilde Rape hath many long and broad rough leaves hairy and greene, lying upon the ground round about the roote, fomewhat deepely gafhed in on the edges and round pointed; from among which rifeth up one Render and hairy Ifalke feldomc many, branched from the middle upwards into many parts, with divers leffer leaves on them up to the toppes where fland divers yellow flowers of 4.or 5.leaves a peece af¬ ter which follow fomewhat long and rough pods, not very (lender with divers round fmall reddifli browne feede therein like unto Muftard feede but larger,as quicke and fharpe intafte but more bittc^ then it: the roote is long and white,and grow- . ing wooddy when it runneth up to (hike and perifheth after 1 feedetime. 4. RapijlrumalterHm'nrvorum, Another wilde Gharlocke. This other wil c Charlock hath large leaves waved in but not ; cut or jagged as the former, the upper leaves being whole and fmaller, the flowers hereof are pale yellow and the pods fol¬ lowing are not more fmooth with a (hew of divifions in them, andisannuallalfo. 5. Rapljlrum album articulatum. White wilde Charlocke. This Charlockc groweth up with fewer,fmaller and rougher leaves in fome little or nothing j'agged in others more : the ftalks are rougher and lower then the othcrs,the flowers like- wife grow not fo many together, neither are fo great or yel- 2 RapiJlrum aliudJylv flic non bulbofum . Another wilde Turnep. i.RapumfyheJlre non bulbofum. The wilde Rape or Turnep. 3. Rapijlrtim arvorum. WiJdo Carlocfce. f*| 864 ChaP.25> ‘Theatrum Botanicum. Tr ib 7v Flore purpurco, -..U, .. ~ , 6 \ rR ‘‘?' 1 fl r “ m album nigrii llntU. Charlocke of Naples. them,ind the pods that follow are (mall and long wall fmall fetde in them nortfinufo hnr W jj!’ blacklfh vemcs in theroote is white andlong,flia r pe r in taffe the leaves,which'areina'manne^herby widtowftarneifefl' I ' Cr! T . - , . 7 . Rwflr*mr*rv«mM*ffilimft. Charlocke ofMarlelles. y • llouc «>arpeneffc. This fmall Charlocke grovveth not above fonre or five inches high, with fmall rough leaves w,',h l, a t in them of an inch long,and dented about the edges, the flowers are fmall and of a pale blew 'lit dlvlfio , ns fmallan't^wh'itef° Wer> ^ P ° dS ' ' at ‘° low arePnla ^ and ^ on S conteining fmall feeds w^fhin tlremf^he^TOteis , , ^■SafiSlrssmssmtdfermen. One grained Charlocke. 7ne lower leaves of this Charlocke are lomewhat large thicke and hairy, of a very frelh greiine 1 on both eoges at the boctome,but broader at the ends where they are onely waved, the Bfc l “'‘.“T hairy about a foote high or more.fct with a few fuch leaves as rhelnwrfk h„r f',u, jT al(o are 3 b «le long fpikes of gold yellow flowers the length" ha^ in whoTp^a^ ome’ £ r aU n r d ou b ndt , n g d^ th ;' i,t ° huskes with a I mall point at the end, contayning in every one of them hot one leede from 1 ,p - d he , ads or name: the roote is long, and white, and fomewhat fibrous * whence lttooke the ■ ?■ R l !$ b ? m l 7 Xi 1 T rou, ^ olium ^•’ofprrwmHiSpauiestm. Stamp, one grained Cha-1 1 1 Ins p. mjh kmded.ffereth from the former Frenches Daub fort fet forth by BaahL in thatiri?^' d V 1 , and unfilled and waile grounds 1 the lixt is of Naples the fevenrh of J, Tn 0 tt 'r m ’ ai alboo . n ditchbankes, places of germ.,ay as well as at cMompelier, and the lad in Spite. ' the «'H h[l1 >" divers They doe flower and feede the one or the other aflfhe^ommer long! The Names . ott rr r for the moft part, and therefore fome wrs.lflnl'i^ Kapifolio. of Matthiaht* c, the third and fourth arc called n? _ carl.. ^ s 5 . r? 1 !? 1S no . c exta nt in any chiefly deciding itChich „e “T"' whichhe <«teth it, th fi’™ and K.f/trum prpureun ,: and oSt'S V' ' 7Tf’" An Tf* I**!** Safi. by Lamffamt AynUPUuij & Di.TJL'ZZ tT &V>* »»chU ,*: the lixt is called in my title is Rapijlrum album m S U Ihseist the feventh r Bauh • ?T^IT ^ ia °, which ribas Leacoi, mirim but I have entituleH ir R „ « " ® “ on ^ batb fcc fortb b Y the name of Kr.plfl a . in his Mattbio/as.j Phytlfllax,Ip^naxtnd Pnciramas bTthe'name ^ Elinas hath mentioned in Conan,, hiftory of Canada plants: the German, call ir m °™ r t nmon ' the la ft is mentioned in £a g ll(b Charlocke,Chadlocke and Kcdlocke G *"^tand Hedenck, the Dutch Hedcncbr, and we The Vertues. i- m .n„, f d a „d„d ,„„ e out oF rhp «o riini. d -^ Miutardlecdc, or mingle it therewith, but the oyie prtiTed out of the (cedes is that Rape oyie that ^L°ampes ’'and th«e7o ” called L." ““ ^ «" u “ for that purpofe then the Traine oyie which is made of the WhM, ,, v - n d La ‘, Iip ? and 1S much bettEr frtaxj) and ours ferverh rn mulf* , m.'rkJi^L-S 0 . I C hale which Rape oyie in divers Countries of (]er- ours (erveth to make So£^vvitM^^^eadof ^ PC °f in divere Countries of q ■mall one that is in all things like the fecond, having no divifion on the leaves. ixttgt. 4. Burfapttflorit Alpina hirfiuta. Hairy Mountaines Shephcards purfe. v This famll Shcpheards purle hath many fmall leaves lying in a roun4 compaffe upon the ground foft and ( i ioary or hairy, of the bigneffe of Lentilles, {lightly dented, and fometimes nbt at all, matting or Ipreading many ibiieads of leaves, and from thence many (lender naked ffalkes, bearing white flowers,and fmall long and yellowifh laoouches, greater than ttie common,with fmall reddifh feede within them •• the roote is fmall and threddy. The Place. The greater and leffer forts that have entleaves are frequent in every place with us. but the other two with titvhole, I have not feene to grow wilde, but in Germany, Montpelier , and Italy , as Baahintu zn&Thalim lay. The Time. I They flower and feede all the Summer long, yea fo quickc fome of them are, that they flower and feede twice «inevery jteare. The Names. II It hath no Greeks name, and alfthac have written hereof do'call it in l.atine Barft or per a pafisris , except Gefner , rlwho calleth it Thlasfi fatmim <£r f'afior Unrantes Herba Cancri, Bauhintu maketh particular relation both of the - fecond and the lafl: : and ThaUtu of that fmall one with whole leaves: the Italians call it after the Latine name y Bor fit di pa fore, the French T'abonret & bourfie de bergier , the Cjermanes Siekelkraut, and Tefchclkyant, the ‘Dutch yUSerfekexs,and we in Englifi Shepheards purle or pouch, and in the North, Picke purfe and Cafeweede. The fieri Het. Some doe hold that Shepheards purfe is cold and binding, others finding a little heate upon thetaffeof the K flowers and feede, doe judge it qpt to be cold at all but drying and aftringent, and by thatonely quality worketh I fo powerfully in flaying all fluxes of bloud,either in inward or outward wounds, as alio the fluxes or hikes of the 7: faellie, the blondy fluxe, and the abundance of womens courfes, or the pilling of bloud, the j'uyce or the decotflion II of the herbe with fome Plantane being drunke, or any other way taken: fome doe hold that the greene herbe | bruited and bound to the wrefts of the hands, and foies of the feete will helps the yellow j'aundife: thy herbe Ji bmiled and laid pultis wife upon inflammations, Saint Anthonies lire, or the like peprelTeth them-' the j'uyce drop- 3 ped into mattering or running cares helpeth them: it clofeth the lippes of greene wounds, and is of great effeft 3 be.ng made into a falve for wounds in the head. Chap. XXVIII. 'JUyagrnm. Gold of pleafure,’ He other plant that I entend here to fet forth, and therein alfo not pleating my feife to bring them into this Claffis is Myogram, Gold ofpleafure, whereof there are more forts come to our knowledge in thele dayesthan formerly hath beene. i. UUyagrum fativum. Garden gold of pleafure. This golden feeded plant rifeth up with one or more upright round (hikes about two foote high, fet with fen- dry long and fomewhat narrow leaves, of a whitilh greene colour, fomewhat deepely dented about the edges, or deepely waved, copaffing them at thebottome, fpread from the middle upwards into (undry branches,bearing at their tops very fmall yellow flowers, where when they are fallen,come fmall flat feede vc(lejls,with gold yellow coloured feede within them,fomewhat long and fmall,the roote is fmall and long, perifhing thill after feede time. 2. Myogram fylvefirefive Pfendompagram. Wild gold ofpleafure. "1 his plant that is much found among the fieldes of flaxe, fpringeth up but with one round ftallte, almoft a yard high, fet about with long and fomewhat narrow leaves, refembling thofe of Woadc,but longer and (mailer poin¬ ted, broad at the botrome where they compaffe the ftalkes about with a point end flicking ouc on each fide, (hoo¬ ting forth many branches from the very botrome almoft, at whofe toppes come forth divers Whitilh flowers ve¬ t's like unto thofe of Flaxe, after which rife round fmall heades, with a fmall pointat the toppe, very like in fa- fhion unto the Myogram with one feede therein, but thefe are full of fmall yellowifh feedes like unto Creffes, but fweeteintaftc without any acrimony when it is dry, and exceeding bitter when it isfrefhas the herbe being greene is alfo. 3. Camclina five Myagrum alterum amarttm. F.ngfifb Wfjrmefeede. The Engtijh Wormefcedcgrowcth very like the lafl, with a taller upright ftaike, branching toward the top, but thicker fet with long and narrow greene leaves, (bmewhat like unro thofe of the (ingle Wall-flowers, but {mailer, and of a whiter greene colour, and very like unto the leaves of Clufins his L'ticontutnfylvefire. that it is; often miftaken for it, blit that the leaves of this are fomewhat Imaller and not of fo frefh a greene colour, at the toppes of the ftalkes and branches come forth many very fmall pale yellow flowers made of foure leaves apeece, very like allounto thofe of that Leacoiam, but much fmaller, even more than Iialfe, which afterwards give fmall long cods, containing within them very pale coloured feede, bitter intafte, theroote is fmall and woo’ddy, pe- riffling every yeare after (cede, but riling agair.e of the fhed feede. 4 . tMyagrumfatidum. Stinking gold of plealure. The ffalkes of this Myagrum rile to be about two foote high being rough, round, and greene, bearing rough pale greene leaves on them, fet here and there one above another, being foure or five inches long, and one and 3 a halfe broad.very lightly waved about the edges: at the tops of the branched ftalkes ftand divers fmall pale yellow flowers upon long foote ftalkes in a thicke tuft together .where unto.fuccecde fmall round huske containing fmall feede : the leaves and flowers hereof, not onely bruited but growing, have fomewhat a grievous orevillfent. S. Myagrummomljermonmapts. The greater one grained gold of pleafure. The firftleaves hereof that lie upon the ground are long andnarrow, round pointed, and cutinontheodges like unto Succory leaves, with a white line in tlje middle of every one, and of a pale greens colour, but thofe that E c e 6 * " grow. T r i b e 7,, TbeTbeater of ‘Plants, Cba p.28. 869 -wrawuponthe whitifh bending hard [hike, which groweth robe a yard high or more, fpreading branches from -the botromeare little or nothing waved about, but compafling it at the joynts where they hand, the toppes r whereof areftored withfmall yellowilh flowers on a long branch one above another, after whichcome round 111 hard and white heads, fmall at the bottomc.and broader at the toppes with three corners and a fmall middle point flicking up in each, whereof is contained but one feede which is long and reddifh whereof it tooke the name; the ol roote is white, long and wooddy peddling after the feede is ripe. 6 . Afy/tgrummonoflicrmonminut. The letter one grained CftfyagrmK. T This leffer Mjugrum hath much fmaller leaves, the loweft whereof are two inches long and one broad, waved 01 abouc the edges, Handing upon foote ftalkes, and of a pale greene colour, from whence rife one or two (lender !U ftalkes about a foote high, with a few very narrow leaves fet on them, compafling them at the joynts: the 'c flowers are fmall and white, (landing at the toppes in a round tuft together, where afterwards grow fmall round ss heades with one kernell apeece within them-- the roote is white and thready but periilieth in the like manner. y r MyagroftmiUt(iliqaa rotunda. Round podded like Afyagrum, Thisplant hath a ftalke a cubit high, hairy, brittle, ar.d Ipread into branches, whofebottome leaves are about r fixe inches long, and one and a halfe broad, rough, hairy, andfappy, not dented at all about the edges, a little | ftiarpeintafte with fome clammineffe alfo, but tliofe that are (et at the joynts of the branches, and compalfe id them about are nothing fo great, and the hig.her they grow, fmaller and narrower, the flowers (land fpike fafhion ni on fmall branches, being fmall and of a white colour alter which come fmall round ruggid heads with a prickeat id the toppe, every one on a fmall long footeftalkc, greene at the firlt, and blacke when it is ripe, with an L oylie yel- '0 low kernell within them. The Place, The firft groweth in fome places of Italy wild, but yet both they and we doe fow it in gardens for pleafure, and n inthefieldesforthefeedesfakc, whereouc isprelfoian oyle that ferveth the poore for meate, and the rich for t their Lamps:the lecond is frequent in Germany mod ufualiy in all their flaxe grounds,which being in ftalke like it, K but not of that ufe is accounted a weedeand caft away .except of luch as will fave the feede to give to fmall birds, t whereon they will feede when it is ripe, and growing noon the ftalke moft greedily, the third groweth in many | placesof our owne country, and being once brought into the garden, and there fuffered to fhed the feede, it will a come up yearely againe of it felfe ; the fourth groweth t the Tandy grounds about Balf.ll : the fift on the Engane- I an hills by Padoa ; the fixe not farre from Mompeli^r : and the laft neare Lmella that is alfo hard by dfompelier » The Time All thefe flower in the Summer moneths, and their feeede is ripe about AuguB. | The Thames. It is called in Greeke uuaypw Adyagrum and i/a\d[x 7 tv^v alfo Adelarnpyrum as ‘Diofcorides faith,and fome i^vttyej. sp t CAfyagrium,Pauhn zs£gin£ta hath two forts of plants of an oily {ubftance,^'*^ 1 ' quodimpurum aut fordidum figni- | feat, cujufmodi eft (JMe lumpy rum,(fr yjj&yy v quod muftipulum five mufcurium figniftcat yCjna inftdentes five pr £ter vo- I lantes mufeas glutine fuo implicate Some (faith Adatthiolus ^take the firft fort here fet downe to be the true AfyagriZ of Diofcorides, which,he faith, it cannot be becaufe this hath the leaves of Rocket,but Diofcorides his fhould have 1 the leaves of Madder.Others againe as he faith would have the fecond fort to be it, which he difaloweth alfo,be- > caufe the leaves are liker Woade than Madder, and therefore calleth it Pfeudomyugrum, yet by the judgement of 1 the beft is the true one. Some there be alfo that take them both to be but one plant: but Bauhinw mifliketh of 1 their judgement, becaufe they are deferibed to be fo different both in leaves and flowers, and therefore hee judgeth them to be two diftinbt plants as they arc indeede Dodonxw fetteth downe this firft c JAtyagrum to be that plant which the Germans call FIachfdotteren, and Leyndotteren, which Tragus faith is proper to the fecond. Dodon£W alfo taketh this to bo that kinde of graine which both Galen in primo de aliment. facttltut. and Theophra - ftusJib.S.i.y.&c. call Eryfimttm, which Gaza tranfbteth Trionum, and is like unto Sefamum, as both he and Pliny fay, but not the Eryfimum of Diofeorides, although t Ussy confoundeth them both together.as you may reade here 3 little before,in the chapter of Eryftmum, whereunto I a 1 ree,but not that the Eryfinwm ohThe-phraftus is our Tra- gopyntm Buckwheate, as fome would have it, for thereunto t is utterly unlike, in that the feede of Theophraftu* and Pliny, their Sryftmum is oily, which that of Buckewheateis not, nor is fit to be ufed for Lampes, as yon {lull heare further,when I come to ipeake of Buckwheate. Tragtu taketh it to be, although not the true Sefamnm of Egypt,yet to be very like it,as Pliny & Theophraftus before him did,and calleth it Sefamam German ictt w?,the oyle of whole feede is not onely like the true oyle of Sefamumfouth of di. ers,and may fafely be ufed in the fteede there¬ of both for meate and medecine, and therefore fome have called it Sejamum minus. 1 he firft is tha tMyagrnm that Matthklus miftiked in Ruellitts and others »thac they fhould fo call it,and faith his country people did call -t Droda t TarodtlU , and Dorella having leaves like Rocket as he faith, and therefore calleth it Efudomyugrum : Lob:l in Ad. verfarijs calleth it APyagru Germanic rj- fume line Gallis, and in his leones fame line Afyagrum,the French .as Ruellitts and Dodonzus fay,call it £ameline and Camelinum ■ Baubinus in his AdattbioJus and Pinax calleth it Arfyagrum fati- VHm.Dodon.tus Camelina five Theophrafti Eryfimtim efr Myagrion Diof\cor idle, and fo it is indeede : the lecond is the Einaria quinta of Tragus, which he alfo calleth Sefama, and of the Germans Flachfdotter. Cor dm upon Diofcorides faith,fome pcrtinacioufly infilled that it was the true Sefamum of Diofcorides , but he there difproveth them, and faith his people called it Schwaden ( which Gefner in l*:s note thereupon faith, that fome did interpret to be Leyndotter ) whole toppe branches with the feede refembled the Juba of Milium > Gefner in hortis Germania fheweth, that neither Schwaden nor AAyagrum Diofcoridis (thereby judging them to be two feverail plants ) are Sefamum : Matthiolv.s calleth it Pfeudomyagrum with the leaves of Woade, and r Bauhinm in his Adatthklm giveth a more exad figure ofit than Tragw doth, yet in imitation of it * Baubinus notwitbftanding that he hath given the figure of both, and faith, as I faid before, that they doe import two plants,yet in his hee confoun¬ deth them as if they were but one, bringing in the authors both of the one and the other, as Lugdunenfis and o ■ thers under his title of AAyagrum fativttmithe third is the Came line tJMyagrum alter urn Thlafpi efpgie of Lobet , the fecond AEyagrum ofTabermontanvu .and his third Eryftmum alfo? Gerard hath two figures hereof which Bauhinus noteth, the one by the title of C ameline , and the other of Eruca mguftifolia : Tragus calleth it Viola lute a fylvcm firis, for as I faid in the defeription, it is very like to the Leucoium fylveftre of Clufw, and in my judgement is the E eee £ Thlafpi 870 CHAF.29. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 7.1; Thlafpi amarrim of Lugdtwenfu ,as who Co will well compare 'them frail finde: the fourthT Battbimtt his mS. grtimfetidum : thefift Bauhirws tilth was fentby the name of Bricorrves, andthat Alfinut called it ‘Pfeudoifati, but calleth it himfelfe Mjagrum monofpermon latifolium : the fixt he alio calleth CMyagrum mmofyermdn minut - ! the laft Bauhims faith grew With his brother Iobx Bemhinut at Mount Belgrade by the name of a Myogram, and therefore he calleth it CMyagro fmiltifiliyHa rotunda, but faith ir was called a Lepidmm at Mompcher' andthat if Doftor Doldim fent it him from Norimberge by the name of TblaSfi. The Vertues, The oylinefle of the fcede of Mjagrum ferveth as Diofcorides faith,to make the skinne fmooth that is ru^ed in any part of the body, and Galen faith that the feede being oyJy hath an emplafticke or clammy quality therein Flmy faith and RueUiw as it fnould fceme from him, that the oyle thereof helpeth the Vlcers of the mouth if it : be therewith annointed : the oyle of the feede is of much ufe in Germany and other places where they fow^a- ny fields therewith,and is ufedaslfaid both for the poore mens tables and rich mens Lampes, and ferveth alfo >i withalyemadeofafliesto makeSope, for which purpofes it is moftufed; the oyle thereof being as I faid fo i| like unto the true oyle of Sefamnm being hoc and caufing third: if it bee drunke as the true oyle of Sefamum doth, J may fafely be ufed in the dead thereof, and no doubt will perforate the like effcfts or very neere that the true oyle will. The fecond fort is in qualitie very nearc the former, and although the herbe as the feede alfo while K is greene,is fo bitter that no creature will tade thereof, yet when they are dry they loofe their bitterneffe, and the feede efpecially bccommeth fofweete as no other can bee more acceptable to fmall birds as Linets, Finches and the like to feede upon : the third being called in many places Worme feede, and I thereupon calling it liflj Worme feede, but by Gerard Treakle Worme feede is much ufed by the coumrey people where it groweth to kill the wormes in children, the feede being a little bruifed and given in drinkeor any other way. The other lores 1 have not knowne to be ufed to any purpofe,either inward or outward for meate or medicine and therefore let this fuffice untill we can underdand with what vertues they are endued to be related. Chap. XXIX. Cepacenm genus. The fharpe Onion rooted kindes.' Ep£, c Porrum, /4//zww,Onions,Leekesand Garlicke as under one kind, are to be referred unto this Claflis, of many whereof I have amply entreated in my former booke, of which l Jihall fay little here, but of fome others not there fpecified, namely of other fundry forts of Garlickc, yet Ithinke good to recite fome of the names of the other,and give you fome of their Figures. Of Onions(comming very likely of the Latine ^«iojbecaufe the roote is fingle, not giving off>fets or encreafe as other bulbous rootes doe) there is the ordinary round white one, the flat and the long both fharpe and fweete, and the greater and letter red flat, fome onely on the out- fide,others red quite through: the Squill or Sea Onion,I have there die wed to be no Onion*. Of the ordinary fort ofLeekes,there is a greater and a letter, called Ampelo- prajfum the French or Vine Lceke,Cives called Sckmo- frajjUm which are the fmalleft,and Scalions,accounted by fome, to be of the kindes of Onions rather then Leekes, becaufe they are called C e ? £ Afcalonica , or Afealonitides 9 and may be the Gethyum of Tbeophraflus , which fome call Getbyllis , hobel taketh it to b zBulbus Setanim of Theo- phraftu* and Tliny. Eefides thefe, Lobel mentioneth a juodorm wilde Leeke,without lent ortafle,whichisIiketheGar- syrtacum. den kinde.butfmailcr. And Tabermontanu* one of Syria with large leaves^ Of the tame or Garden Garlik, as well as of the wilde, I have given the deferiptions of divers, both AlliumVrft- num Ranifou*, and CMoly of fundry forts, as Moly Indi¬ cts™ bulbifernm five Caucafon.Moly Homericnm velTheo- phrafli, CMoly Pannonicum bulbifernm of two lorts. Moly Serpsntinum, Aioly cattle & folijs triangnlaribus. Moly Hardfinis folijs. Moly montannm latifolium luteo {lore. Moly Pyretu um pftrpttretsm. Moly latifolium purpureum Hifpanicum. Aioly purpureum Neapolitanum. Aioly pyxi- datum argenteum Hifpanicum. Moly ferotinum Coniferum. Aioly Diofcoridcum & alterum Hifpanicum , and Aioly CMojcbatum vel Zibettinum Monfpelienfe ; The reft are here to follow* I. ttAlliumfyheflre. Crow Garlicke. The Crow or wilde Garlicke is of two forts, each of them hath fundry narrow long leaves like grade, the one fofter, and the other differ and harder,from among which rife up one or two (lender bareftalkes, bearing a tufc of purplifh flowers, and blackifh feede after them :the roote is long and round with three coates, or feverall peelings^ Moly Indicum Lobclij. Indian Moly. tbs 872 Chaf. 19 * Tbeatrum Botanicam . Tr 1 be 7, the outermoft whereof is whitifh in the one, with fundry fibres under it, and rcddifh in the other and encreafetf i bytheoffets, but is not parted into cloves as thegardcn Garlicke is, (oftrong (melling of Garlicke that th< milkc of Kine that feede thereon will tafte thereof, z. Allium angu'mum. Spotted or Snakelike Ramfons. This kindc of Ramfon hath fomewhat broader leaves then the other Ramfon, fomewhat like to Lilly Convallji leaves but fpotted oftentimes with blacke fpots as the (lender ftalkes,are which beare many fmall white flower.v on the head: the roote is bulbous but longer then the other, covered with a browni(h outward skinne or coace ( fomewhat netted as it were like Gladiolm, with a tuft of fibres thereto $ it is called by Hcrbarifts as Clufitu faith Vittorialii longa becaufe the Gladiolw is called rotunda. 3. Scorodoprajfum, Great Turkey Garlicke. This great Garlicke ftiooteth forth (undry great long leaves mueh bigger then the ordinary Garlicke, and after divers yeares abiding a great long ftalke three or foure foote high with fome lefler leaves thereon naked from; the middle up to the toppe, where ft bcareth a large tuft of flowers encloled at the firft in a thinne skinne, of a paler colour then thofe of Homers Moly or rather whitifh, with three fquare huskes and blacke feede inthemii like the reft s the roote is great white and almoft tranfparent at leaft (hining, and fcldcme giveth of fets for en« Alicmm. crcafe. There is another with loofet fcaly and yellower rootes,and narrower leaves. 4 . Scerodoprajfum alterum btdbofo & convoluto capitc. Great Turkic Garlick with a bulbed and twining head. This other great Garlicke groweth after the fame manner but larger in each part: the ftalke rifeth fometimes: halfe a yard higher, having at the toppe a large head of bulbes like to the Indian Moly , wrapped in a thinne skin,: with a long point growing above it being fmaller to the end, which bulbes in time breaketnat outer skinne and (hew the bulbes to be at the firft purplifh, but growing whiter afterwards, having alfo fome flowers among; them : the head with the toppe of the ftalke at the firft doth winde or twine it felfc like a Snake or Serpent,: which when the bulbes grow to ripenelfe ftandeth upright: the roote is as great and white as the laft, and more ready to part into Cloves like the ordinary (ort of Garlicke: both of thefe doe fmell fomewhat lefie ftrong: then Garlicke,partaking of Leekes,from whence ro(e the Greeke name *s‘Diofcorjdes faith. 5. tJMoly P annomeum lattfolium primum Clujii. CInfix* his firft leafed Hungarian Moly. This Hungarian Moly hath divers long and fomewhat broad leaves riling from a white round roote chat hath (undry fmq.ll bulbes growing thereto .* the ftalke rifeth two or three foote high with thofe leaves thereon, but naked or bare from the middle to the top,where it bcareth a round tuft of purplifh flowers^after which commeth blackifti leede in three fquare huskes. 3. Scorodopyalfum. Great Turkey Garlicke. 3 . Scorodoprojfutn alterum Lobelij. Another fors of great Turkey Garliek with narrower leaves. 6 . sMoly pamo»icum cdorato florei Sweet fmelling This fweete kinde is very like unto the laft.buc with leffer leaves ana fewer (hikes bearing at the toppe a long tuft of pale coloured flowers upon longer footellalkes hanging downe their herds, of a pretty fine frefli fenc which abideth not long, but quickly vaniiheth, the three fquare heads that follow bring blackilh feede fomewhat like to thofe of Pinkes or Gilloflowers, the round roote hath fome bulbes growing thereto. 7. Molymontarmm capite rotmio pmpureo. Purple round headed mountaine Moly. This purple mountaine Moly hath a few long narrow greene leaves ftt on the ftalke like unto the other,and a large tuft of delicate purple flowers on (hort footellalkes, never fully opening themfelvcs, and fnadling fome¬ what ftrong of Garlicke: the round white route hath fome bulbes thereat. S> Z-Moly dfricttmttmbeUapttrpurafccnte, Pprplifh headed Moly of dfi-ica. This csffrican Moly hath fometimes but one ftalke of halfe a yard high or thereabout, and fometimestwo or three, with a few fomewhat broad and long leaves, pointed at the ends, andalitttlehairy about the edges: the tuft of purplilh flowers at the toppe confiftof five leaves fee on long footellalkes. p, Moly Italicumalbumcaule triangttlo, rhe fmall Italian white Moly. This little Italian Moly hath one or two long hollow leaves, fomewhat broad Hkewife, and ending tn a point: the ftalke is three fquare, growingtobe halfea footehigh, with (undry fmall white flowers at the toppes : the roote is fmall and round, of a (hilling purplifh colour fmelling like the reft of Garlicke: Pom in his Italian Baldm mentioned! this. The PlaceandTime, Thefefortsof bulbous are peculiar to divers countries as Germany, Hungary, France, Spainc, Italy, Turkey ini our owne Land alfo,flowring in Summer and feeding after. The Names, The names of them all are diffidently enpreffed in their titles, all authors that have, written of them not much diverfifying their names from thofe here fet downe, and therefore I (hall not neede further to infill up¬ on them. The VerZHes. Onions are flatulent or windy, yet doe they fomewhat provoke the appetite encreaic third and eafe the belly and bowells, provoke urine and womens courfes, helpethe biting of a mad Dog, and of other venemous crea¬ tures, to be ufed with a little HonyandRue, andencreafe Sperme, efpecially the feede : they alfo kill the Wortncs in children if they dtinke the water fading wherein they have beenefteepedall night: being roa- fted under the Etjibers, and eaten with Hony or Sugar and Oylc, they truth conduce tohelpean inveterate' gough, by cutting the caughflegtnc and caulingit the ealist to beeejtpeflorate: the juice being (huffed up into " ' — ~ " . " the Theatrum ( Botanicum. Onions fading with bread and fait, as alfo to make a oreat Onion boflow P fiIfing rfl"'^, agam(l . ', nfcftl0n to,saw and after to roaft it well under Embers, which after taSaw v of^e m n g ttc ,?'*, Ce W,th g° od T ^akle,!, beaten together is a foveraigne falve for V any be % is good for fealding or burning by fire, water or Gunpoucher.and ufed with Vineger Taket'h awiv 5? M °'!i 0ns ' fpots, and markes m the skmne, and dropped into the eareseafeth the m.'Jl 21? a way all blemiOses,: With Figges beaten together helpcth to ripmand breake Impofiumes and other fores Leeke" are ml' I 3 " 1 ' rj’ e i tie l n Tn be ' >e t j n°t altogether fo cffefluall; they are a remedy," ur ftr m l° Bt the bemg baked under the Embers and taken, and belpeth the Piles boyled and applved wa meunt °* MofLr ? m « : I referre you to what hath beene faid before of Onions. Sarlicke the garden Ea^thS II I ’ meaner are hotter then Onions or Leckcs, andis moreeffeftDall to all the purpofesSj he accounted the poore mans Treakle, for that it is a remedy for alldifeafes or hurtsft? 1 perties whereunto Onions are conducive, it hath a fpeciall qualitie to difeuffe the inc’onvcnicn e l tbe Pl¬ agues or mineral! vapours, or by drinking corrupt and (linking waters as alfo by taking off Woolfelh^ C °u“ pt bane Hemlocke, or other po.fonfull or dangerous herbes: it is held good alfo in hydfopick difeafe ?h ’t ' dife Falling fickneffe Crampcs, Convulfions, the Piles or hemorrhoides and other cold difeafes h, T* ' the (Irong lent thereof and caufe it to be Idle offenfive, divers have fetdowne diven tfrine, « “ 1 ana i VMBEL: VMBELLIFER^. VMBELLIFER.OVS PLANTS. CLASSIS OCTAVA, THE EiqHT T%1BE. CHAP. I. Ferula. Pennell giant.' N this Claffis I am to intreate of all the kindes and forts of umbelliferous herbes, fuch I meant as are generally fo called, for there are many other herbes that beare their flowers and feede or berries on the toppes of their (hikes in manner of an umbell asthofedoe. as you may obferve through the whole paffage of the Booke,whith cannot properly belong hereunto. Now becaufe there be many forts of thefe herbes, Ithinki it fit to diftribute them into three Rankes or Orders: thefirft (hall be of thole which beare fine leaves l.ke Ferula, the next fball be of fuch as have fine and thinne cut leaves like Carrots or Patflcy : and the laft (hall be of luch have broad leaves like Panax or AageUica, that fo under thefe three ranker, I may nurehendthe whole Family orTribe, ofthefeumbelhfers; yet I mult entreate K r _ l :lc _ i inferr (nmerimes into one rorme,iucnas ,7 - — comprehend tne wnoie ramuy ui j , you to beare with the paffages offomeof thefe, if for names fake 1 mfert fomenmes into one forme, luchas miohrhr nlaced in an other, the vicinitie of the names conltraining that ettett. tES two or three forts plainely to be d.fccrned to be differing one from another as foil I Ferula tenuiore folio, Fine leafed Fennell giant. .... , , n ,, c , This fine leafed Fennell giant bringeth forth fundry large hollow lungous thicke branched ftalkes.of very light fine thinne (forfobftance but thicke It) leaves togethei.and bulbing more fhorter than it alfo placed out of order, fomettmes two or three or foure leaves together, ti e bo tome of the ftaSeTng L Se as ones finger, but compaffing one another wnh broad bottome, from among which rifeth up a ftrong upright ftalke eight or ten bofomt om of cudgell fet with divers fuch fine leaves thereon, one above anothei, compaffing the Italke at the bottome. ontot the bofome whereof come forth feverall fmall branches towards the toppes the toppe alfo being divided into fundry parts, forming a large umbell of fmall yellow flowers, which turne into. blac,. ifh fiat (cedes, but yellowifli, as they have becne obferved in the gumme, two alwayes joyned together by the litri foote ftaIke wh "=?" (land, as is ufuall in all thefe umbelliferous plants; the two innet (ides being n h “ fides round with the longneffe : the roote groweeh very great and never decaieth branching forth many wayes of a blackifli'browne on foe outfide, and fomewhat white within, yeeld.ng a th.cke juyee being broken in any part which doth quickly condenfate and grow intoa yellowifb gummte fubftance.not fmellmg any thing ftrong m ourrountry, as I have often proved, and nothing fo much as the Gum Sagapemm, which is fuppoted to be gathe- red from the roote of this plant. , , , ... . ■ 3 Ferula latiorefolio. The broader leafed Fennell giant. This other Fennell "iant groweth in the like manner in all things, and as high, or rather higher whofe bran¬ ched (hikes of leaves a“re more lparled or thinner fet than the former ; and the leaves themfelves of a dai ker greene cofourbfouer alfo and longer the flowers are yellow, and the feede fomewhat larger: the gummie juyee that iflu- eth forthfom he roote of this fmelleth a little more, even with us,than the former .although nothing lo ftrong as the gallJum, which wehave in our (bops, land faid to be taken from this plant in the hot countnes and cl,mates of Africa, &c. , _ . . 2. Ferulaoo feu Ferula minor. Small Fennell giant. _ ' This fmall fort groweth nothing fo high as the former, but abideth much lower than the ordinary Fennell ha¬ ving leaves nothing fo great or branched, yer larger than thoie of F ennell, as the tufts at the toppes, which B fmaller feede than either of the two former, but fomewhat like them and blackifh : the roote is much fmalxr an whiter than either of them, with but few fibres thereat. The place and Time, . . They are all found growing M Well in N*j*i in France among the rockes that aretorrefie dwtth the Sunne all day, as in divers places of Italy, Apulia and Florence and diVFro «i . ,, , Europe that I can here of by any: they flower in Ime and Iuh and rh ? j P - ’ tut ^ eI , dcth l,tt,e g u mme in, Augufi. y y y « i inland/*/;, and the feeds is ripe in the beginning or end of T , - r The Names. 1 he Greeke call it N*fS»£ a and the lead r«p Mmov which Gaza v i . r , figmfying Tkyrfum t vi r g«ltu m ,b*c;//um , 3 s the Urine narne deduced J ^17 “ a " d / f ™ / T; tl ’ e Creche name but & fenibus bacilli & feipioner fluffin'! Marti .11 cafeh”hem Penult ‘JZZt ^ ** P*™** /*■»*• wherewith he fmote the hands or heades t^g’S- L °^r and others, which C*f*!pinu, c 2 th Urul 1 l JLCor- called by Lobel, and others from him Ferulag.lbanifera ■ bur Baubi. h F ’/° th the , oth . e F f imna • the (econd is that Cefne; and Camerarm calleth iW^fbut I am in doubt he t T Who thmketh it to be the fame faid, arc eeery yeare the one as high as the''other with me it Fell ^"h f ° f b °‘ h t , hofe forts ’ ai 1 as Dic/condes, Thapkrnftm,and all others have called it£i«r “; a'r a m y laft > ,m P° r t«hadiTr,u n itive. call it Fernlago, N nr thorium Theophrafli. J * Ferula t and lo doe Lugiuner.ru and Tabermm.- , , , n r - . Fbe Vertues, roote a great yellowifh hea§ Hklco the^o/h-fl ofan eg^ whkh’th^Sh" h''' H'‘ c"’"’ th ., erC rifcth L, P from thd hot Embers, being firfl wrapped in double wet papers or dmrh? tf ^ Sbe P heards , there gather and rod under the this is a meatc no? oncly pieafant and dellSTn t0 Them h^' U *?" J h T with Pc PP er and Sak > »d corides wnteth that the inner pith of the Italkes while then ? r b P r ° vokcth Venery, as they fay. alcchampiu* found about Mompelier having a white roote like Parfly, flender, rnarpe and Lellfmdling, and leaves alfolike Parfly, or rather like Coriander then Fennell and iomewhat hairy with urn- ibells of yellow flowers of an.abfolute roundneffe. . • ... 6. Panax Afclepinm Anguilara &Camerarij. Efculapius Alheale of Candy. ’ This Pana’x which An&uilara an dCamerariw have remembred, faying that in Candy it is ufually called SefcL and hf Sicilia Pencedanrm though both falfely, rifeth up with a round Fennell-like (hike foure or five cubits high, With divers joynts thereon divided into branches of leaves, larger then Fennell and fmalkr then tofadarke greene colour on the upperfide and of a blewilh greene underneath, with large umbells of yellow -Bowers at the toppes turning into broad flat winged feede of a rdinousfent andtafte, the leaves being much more mildc, and yeelding a whitifh milke nothing fo hot or ftrong in fmell as Ferula. rj* Libanotis minor umbella Candida. Small herbe l rancumlence. This final! herbe Franciimlence hath fundry leaves lying upon the ground, much rut and divided into longer j parts than PeucedsnHm, and narrower than the greene Englijh Saxifrage, the ftalke hath but few Jaynes and : leaves on them, bearing fmall umbells of white flowers like Meum, and (mall feede after them almolt like the 1 feede of Ammi, Bifliops weede: the roote is great and white, divided into lundry branches, and with a buCh of i haires above. ubcwotitferuUcen Germanica. Gerw-wr herbe Francumfence. .. The herbe Francumfence of G«w*yrhatb a blackifti long roote, as thicke as ones finger, full of arefinous Juyee, fharpe and well finelling.fet with a bulh of haires at the toppe,from whence fpring ftalke» of fine Fennell- like leaves, but (hotter than they : the ftalke rifeth to halfe a yard height, on the toppes whereof Hand bowing umbells of white flowers fmelling iwcete. There is of this ktnde a lefler lort alfo, not differing from the former in any thing, but in the fmallnefle. The *Place nmTime, All thefe kindes of Libanotides have beene found growing in fundry places of Italy and except the fixt, Which as is faid hath beene found in Sicily and Candy, and the laft in Germany, and doe all flower and feede, if the ycare be kindelyj in the end of Summer, The Names . , , , A«Wir in Greeke is derived from *l/ 3 *>©,which is Thus or Ohbamm Francumfence becaufe the fmell ot the herbes is compared to the fmell thereof, and Libami, likewife in Latine: but becaufe this later age hath found out divers herbes which may be referred for the forme, or for the fmell, unto fome of cne ancients .Theophrajtm, T)iofeoridcs, and Galen ( who yet in their writings, ackn 9 wledgcd that there are many more forts than they have fet downe) I have here onely fhewed yon thofe kindes that have fine leaves whereof the A »*»"*•<* velvtvLts ct 7 K?f)miov may well be accounted as one ofthem, both For forme and fmelftakmg the name from e^x./ lapin, who ended his life by a fall from of a ladder, as it is fet downe by Pliny. The firft is called Ltbano,» fen Rofm&rinum by Afatthiolus and others ( and indeede many Writers have interpreted the Libations to be Tfmlrimm, and thereby confound the two names together, for the L,ba.netcs Stepbanoma- tke, id ell Coromria onely is the fourth fort of Libanotja with the ancients, which is properly the Rofmarmam of the Latines.znd was, and is ufually put into Garlandsj&c.and therefore fo called Coronanum when as none of trie other Libanotides .being ferulous plants can fitly be called Rofmartnum in that Fence,or ferve for that ufe)and is the firfl Libanotis of Diofcorides, Tbeophraflm^ and Galen , whofe feede is called Cachrys ovCanchrys , as it is in lome cooDies, becaufe it is fiery in ta te.Camerariut calleth it Libanotis cachryfera , Lobel Cachrys verier Libanottt Cjakno, andCafalpinw Libanotis Candida. This word Canchrys or Cachrys, is of divers fignificarions, and it mhe pillor or ball wherewith they ufe toburnethc skin to make an efcarre,from whence alfo the feed had the name,having the like qualitie: and foehns is underflood to be a fcaly tufc ( which fome alio take to be the catk ins of lundry trees) of leaves growing in Winter, and falling away,fay lome, in the Spring; but others thmke that it is but the sermen or bud, which fpreadeth into branches with leaves after Winter,when the Spring is come on; the fecond hath his name in his title, as Lobel and 'Banbinus call it, and is the Peaces Afclepium of and others s the third is called Panaces Afclepiumby Mattbiohts, Lugdunenfis and others, and by Bauhintu Libanotidi fecund^ limilis Tanax esffrfepinm primum • the fourth is fo called by Column *, as it is in the title, and by Batthinw I’anax femine folio fo : the fife is the Tanax Afclepium alterum of Dalecbampius in Lugdunenfis , which Banbinus ^calleth Pa- nax Afclepium umbella lute* : thefixt is the Rofmartnum alterum ferulacenm Diofcoridis by Lobel, and by Angut^ Lira and Camerarius Panax A(elepium ,for foit was entitulcd unto them by , and TabermoniMM Luo.- notis fecunda and by Cafalpinus Libanotis nigra'.xht feventh is the Libanotis Septentrional tit berbarioru or Lobel, and the Libanotis minima by Lugdunmfis: the laft is called by Tbalius in his Harcyntafylva\ Libanotis es whereof he maketh a major and a minor , and I have thereupon called it Libanotis ferulacea Germanica. Tne bians call the Libanotis Xater Almarian^Aif inalfacb, an dCalcbaU, or Cacbola : other Nations doc loilow the erronious name of Rofmarimm , and theteaf ter call this as well as the Latinos Rofmannum, which |s our ordinary Rofmary by one and the fame name : but wee have more fitly diftinguifhed them, by calling this kinde, her. e Francumfence from the Greeke appellation. The Vertttes. '. and Faniculum in Latine, and both from one figmfication, eped qttajifemm ib bvmZeUaum & marcidum reponatur,vel quodmagno c *mfznor'feme»reddat& c*minaruent adeendsendamultd tlurima it nfvt. The firft is the raoft common both in our Land and both the Germames, which they call reftrum CTas well as wcalleth it fylveftre,^Cameran* <» hone faith that fame tookfc it to be H.ppo- «*S»T the fecond is the Famicahm dnlce of Afetfeb. and divers others, and called™/^ by Lugdunen. (is which all Germane authors fay doth as well alter in their countries as in ours, butholdeth more weetc full w " " a Lcountrev is wherein it groweth : the third Bauhinus onely hath made mention of in his fW : [he fou cl. Label calleth jponte virens I agri, Narbenenfiam and I may fay as well H,ft anon,m, Man hoi* calleth tScL and AngMara doubteth whether it may not bee mppomarathrum :the fiftisvery probable to bee the Hippomarathnm di Honors BeUm of Candy whereof he maketh mention in his firft Ep.ftle to CM* which is extant in the end ofC/ate his hiftory of plants, who faith the CW»» call it Ptatecnmmo whole feede as he^herr^faithis as great as thofe of C«hrji, BaMnw in his ProLomus feemeth to a,me at this having but a branch thereof fent him out of Signor Contarim his Garden at Venice, but could not demonftrate the who e plant i the aft 7 s remembred hi^Lm l,bro ie exotkis. The Arabians call it Ratemp the Italtans Fmoceho, theSpa- it T"nd l Z£! the French Fcoml.xtit Germans Fenchel, the Dntch V'nhel, and we Fennell. The Vertues . Fennell as Galen faith is hot in the third degree, and dry but in the firft, and put to many ufes, the leaves feede and rootes being both for mcate and medicine,the Italians efpccially doe much delight m theme th reof, and thetelore as 1 fay d before cranfplant it and whiten it, to make it the more tender to pleafe the taftc, which be¬ ing fweeteandfomewhathoc and comforting the Qomackc, helpeth to digeft the crude flegmaticke quahtie of Fift and other vifeous meats which they much inure themfelvcs unto. Weuleictolay upon V fth 01 toboyle it there with and with divers other things, as alfo the feede in bread or other things: the phyficall ule thereof is to breake winde to provoke Vrine and to cafe the paines of the Stone and helpe to breake it .the leaves or feede boy led in Barley water and drunk is good for Nurfes to encreafe their milke, and t0 1 * nake “ the 'yhol[fome fortheir Nurfe Children to take : the leaves being boy led in water but much more the feede ftayeth the hiclocke, and takeih away that loathing which often happeneth to the (lomackcs of (icke or feaveriili perlons, and alayeth the heate thereof the feede boyled in wine is good for them that are bitten by Serpents or have eaten poy- fonlull herbes or mufhromes, the feede and the rootes much more helpeth to open the obfttuftions of the Liver, Spleene and Gall and thereby much conduce* to all thedifeafes ar.fing from them as the painfull and windie fwellings of the Spleene and the yellow Iaundies; as alfo theGoute and Crampes, theiee de is of good ufe in peftorall medicines, and thofe that helpe th e (hortneffe of breath and wheeling by obftmaions of the Lungs: Ft helpeth alfo to bring downe the courfes and to clenfe the partes after delivery : the raotes are of mol ufe in Phyficke drinkes and brothes that are taken to clenfe the blood, to open obftruclions of che Liver, and to pro¬ voke Vrine and to amend the evill colour or complexion in the face after long ficknefle, and to caufe a good co¬ lour and a good habit through the whole body : Fennell both leaves and feedes or rootes ai e much and of ten ufed in drinkes or brothes, for thofe that are growen fat to abate their unweldinefie and make them more gaunt and lanke: the diftilled water ofthe whole herbe is likewife commended for the fame purpofes, as alfo to bedropped into the eyes to clenfe them from all enormities rifen therein, but the condenfate juice diffolved or as fome take it, the naturall juice or Gum that iflueth out thereof of it owne accord in hot countries, doth1 clenfe the eyes from miffs and filmes that hinder the eye fight: fome for this purpole tak* the greene (hikes of Fennell, and holdmg them to the fire in Autumne while they are greene, caufe a certaine juice or liquor to drop fronuhem.which they apply to the eyes,as holding it to bee more effeauall then eytber condenfate juice or che naturall Gum And fe yet more neately make a water to cleare the eye fight in this manner 1 they powther fome fine white Sugar Candy very finely, and put that powder into the hollow greene ftalke of Fennell while it groweth a foote above the ground,fo chat it be betweene two joynts, which after it hath remained therein a day two or three, and the hole covered and bound clofeover that no raine get in in the meane time, they open it at the low ei joynt, having firft placed a good peece of foft wax made a little hollow gutture wife under the ho e, which may ferve as a gut¬ ter or quill to carry the liquor ffrom falling downe by the ftalkejinto a veffell or thing: fee of purpole thereto to receive it. The fweete F ennell by reafon of the fweetneffe is much weaker then the ordinary, which is better to all the phyficall purpofes aforefayd, and therefore they doe but deceive themfelves and others that ule the fweec Fennell feede in compofitions as thinking it the better when as it is much the weaker,by w ant of the bitterneffe whichisthe-moftopeVative : the juice ofFennell dropped into their eares that have wormes breeding in them, killeth the wormes: The wilde Fennell is ftronger and hotter then the tame, and is therefore moft power- full againft the Stone, but not effeftuall to encreale m.fke, for it is dryer: Hononm that the women of Candy ufe to boyle the great feede of the Hi ppomarathram of Candy m Lye co dye cheir haire yellow. Chap. 886 Chap, 6 , \Tbeatrum Botanicum . Tkibs 8 A Chap7 VI. Anetbtsm. Dill. Lthough formerly we have beene acquainted but with one fort of Dill, and that Theepkrajlus faith 'el there are many forts but exprefleth none of them, yetinthefe later times two other forts more have' beene found out,which we will .(hew you together here. Anetham hortenfe five vttlgarc . Common garden Dill. l, Antihum hortenfe five vulture* Common garden Dili, The common Dill gtoweth up with feldome more then one (hike, neither lo high nor fo great ufually as Fen-; ncll being round and with fewer joynts thereon, whofe leaves are (adder and fomewhat long, and (o like Fen-| nell that it deceivech many, but harder in handling and fomewhat thicker, of a flrongerfent alfo and unplea-1 fanter, the toppes of the ftalkes have fewer branches and fmaller umbellsof yellow flowers, which turne into! fmall feede fomewhat flatter and thinner then Fennell feede, and of a ftronger and more nnpleafant raffe theri roote is fmall and wooddy perilhing every yeare after it bath borne feede, and is unprofitable, never put to ] any ule. 2, Anethtsmfjlvefire major, Great wildeDill: This great kinde differeth not from the former in any nota¬ ble part but in the grearnefl'e both of ftalkes, leaves, flowers and feede and that it is found growing naturally wilde in Sici¬ lia isCafalpinm faith 3. Anetham fylveflre minus, Small wilde Dill. As the laft was greater in ail parts then the firft fo this is much leffc then it growing but a foot high, the leaves are fine and fmall on the ftalkes, and the flowers yellow like it, and the feede fmall and long, thus in roote as well as the reft being fmaller maketh the difference, for both thefe laft arc but annu- all as thefirft. The place and Time. The firft is moft ufually fowen in Gardens and grounds for thepurpofe, yet it is found wilde with ns in fome places: the fecond as is fayd hath beene found in Sicilia as the laft, and fent by £olnmr.a to Bauhintu, and by Bsel from Lifhbone to US. The Names, It is called in Greeke A TIStD ejnod cito crefcat fry fome,or as othersttlinke ijuafi diemey, id eTt y invi£hsm ijaia cihi appetentiam exeftat : as alfo o-vuShu ejttod ell congrejfas ef ccitio venercetad tjaam laccffit Anethi ttful tit antiqai prodiderant y tametfi plurimo ufn gtnituram tandem cxbastriat, The firft is (imply called Anetham by all authors, or Anetham hortenfe is Bauhinw doth : the fecond is onely mentioned by Cefalpmns and Batihimn out of him,and the laft by Bauhintu from Colttmd na, and eve from Heel : the Arabians call ic A diet or Sebet, the Italians Anew the Spaniards Eneldo, the French Anet , the Ger- mans r Djllen and Hechkraut, the ‘Dutch alfo Vide and we Dill. The Vcrtnes. Dill is hot in the third and dry in the fecond degree,efpecially be ing greene, but when it is dryed it is hot and dry in the third, digefting then,more then before : it is good to breede milke faith Dtofcorides, but Galen in the Fennell before feemeth to gainefayit, for being fo dry it ftayeth milke and engendreth it not, and to eafe fwellings and paines being boyled and drunke: the fame alfo ftayeth both the belly and the ftomacke from call¬ ing : the decoction thereof helpeth women that are troubled with the paines and windineffe of the mother, if they fit there¬ in: it provoketh Vrine, it ftayeth the hickock, being boyled in wine and but fmelledunto tyed in a cloth, and dullcth the eye fight, and being much taken extinguifheth venery, for it mightily expeiletli winde,and dryeth up naturall (perme: the feede is of more ufe then the leaves, although they bee much ufed to rcllifh condiments, and is more eftedluall to digeft raw and vifeous humors, yet more unpleafant then Fennell, andis ufed in all medicines that ferve to expell winde, and eafe torments and paines thereof: the feede being toafted or fryed andufedinoylesorpIaifters,diffoIveth the Impoftumesin the fundament,and dryeth up all moyft Vlcers efpeci¬ ally in the fecret parts: the oyle made of Dill is effefluall to warme, to relolve humours and Impoftumes whe¬ ther loft or hard tumors, to eafe paines and to procure reft. Chap. RIB E 8. TbeTbeater of ‘Plants, C h a p.y. 887 C H AT. V II. 1, Cuminam s lu'^nre. Ordinary Cumin. Cuminum. Cumin. £Vminis not knowne to moft of our beft latter writers and Herbarifts to be of anymorefotts thenone, "J but wee have had the relation of other forts, but not thofc of the ancients, as eyther Syriacum, zShgyp- j tium or Africum which are but one and the fame as many good Authors thinke,and but onely differing “ by the foyle and climate where they grew as (hall be (Viewed, i. Cuminum vulgare. Ordinary Cumin, Ordinary Cumin growethup with (lender and low (Valkes S' 3t above halfe a yard high, growing white at the laft and »-ancheth out more, having (lore o( leaves which are final! id long like unto Fennell,the flowers are Fomewhat reddifh at re tops of the (Valkes, which turne into fmall whitilh yellow ;ed (omewhat long and almoft round, cretled or (Iraked on the ounder fide and (melling (Vrong, the roote is fmall long and rflite periling yearely. Cuminum CMelitenfedulce. Small fweete Cumin of (-Malta. This fmall Cumin whofe feede is fmall and like Unto Anne- ieede,butasfweete as fweete Fennell, is ulually fowen in the . le of Malta to put into their bread or other meates, as alfo to cade with to other parts, for exchange of other commodities, as I am given to underlland as fmall and low a plant as the :umin and much like it in leaves and growing, the feede onely js obferved to be differing. 3. Cuminum fatiutsm acre Melitenfe. iSreat (fcarpe Cumin of Malta. This other hath greater feedcs then the ordinary Cumin Ion- >er al(o and pointed at both fudi, crefted likewife on the roun- ier fide,and of a deader colour (melling more unfavourly and lading hot quicke and fliarpe,almoft like Ciibebes or Pepper: and it is probable (for we never fa wit greene) groweth grea- er then the ordinary, although like it in all other parts. The Place and Time. All thefe forts grow familiarly in the hot countries as Spaine, paly, the lies in the Mediterranean Sea, whereof (Malta is one, and in Syria, and the other Haft countries where it is fowen: in our Land it feldome commeth to good, unleffe in a [kindly yeare, and fowen in the middle of the Spring, fothatit imuft be late with us ("though nothing fo with them) before it |can be ripe. The 'Names, , It is calledin GreeksM'V'fa', and in Latinealfo Cuminum and Cyminttm:the ancient authors as Diofiorides, Theophraflm, that IS io “ l ' w f ‘ lat reafonable great, the roote is of a fingers length covered with a rugged blackifh barke, and but few fibres ad Joyning thereunto,and a bufh of haire at the toppe, of a fmcll fomewhat (harpe like the ordinary Sprgne 1 b t muchweaker - , .. .... The firft groweth in many places wilde in the North countries ofthis Ian , as in mca ire an yet it is planted alfo in Gardes, the fecond in Save,, the third in C^dj, the fourth in /« / lall in andatthebotiomeofSaint Rocke by Brijtoiv i right tgainft.the hot wa Veticcdani facie pufilla at a low water as it hath beene affirmed to rtie by fome : bull doubt it will prove LM his Y ettcedant facie pufilla plant *: when it is better growne up with me I ftiall the better judge or it. The Names. , . , It is called in Greeke and in tatlne alfo Mam, and by fomc of the ancient authors the, from Atham ma the fon of Aeolm who is thought firft to have found it, or from Which is in ThfdU where the beft grew •• Ptifij ranreth it MtcedonOm and "° c as were feverall forts but as was lifuali with them in many other plants,they name t p - gathered in their time : tor the fame Pliny faith that in his time Ma, r»was onely fowen in Italy by fome few Phyfinons, when as it is now knownc to grow wilde in many places oiltah. The firttjr takc " f ” true Mam of the ancients, & focal led by moft of the modern? authors, yet -.Jragw and f n,,^R Ke r c u , Creticu, and Cordm in Dwfaridtm and hiftori* to be Tordylicn ,fome alfo called it JtfhmfjtvtJh'Jt as R»el- Um faith the French Anethm Mr,«»/**, and faith fome tooke it to be L,ba,tout*gem, and others F*m. »lm porcMM,P»chGM calleth it Scfcl,Cr'tic»m,tnd B«Mnw calleth it jteKmfoty Amtln, becaufe he calleth the Gggg " ~ . S atl °W T heatrum ‘Botanicum . vations oiveth a very briefeTtouch thereof, and the figure withall. calling it Adeem $fiimma\terumhal,ct,m. Bats. hi„ M and Tabermmtanm call it Adeem adsdterinum ; the lad is fird remembre d by Gejner in hinis, art then by Ca mcrarr.a, who call it tJMnttelina, from the name Adutrj ot Adutseten, whereby the germar.es, He/vet,.ms,anc others did call it. 'Bauhintu in his Matthiolm and Pinax, calleth it , oh radiciiigr.etm fervrnm, and Pyrethram in I.atine, as alfo Sxlivarii, from the quality ro dra w fp ttie into the mouth: the firll is the Pyrethrxm ve- rnm of CMattbtohfi , and ahertim of Lube land others, Came- rarius caliech it PyrethrumfOiojcoridisfiafalpiriw doubted to call it Pyrethrum, for untill it was well examined by the learned, they were loath to admit it as Vodcnaw, who wouid rather find .1 fault in the defeription of Viefcorides, and fuppofe it tobeakindeof Saxifrage, than admit it for true ryrcthrtim. The other is called by Lttgdnrenfiu Pyre- thrum Gcfneri, becaufe Gefncr feet it to ‘Delechampm, and as l faid,is moft probable to be a differing fort from the for¬ mer ; for I rather thinke this to be it that Tragus found on the mountaines, and called Ftmiculum mentanum, than the former,as Bauhimu doth.who alfo noteth it in his Puuuqthat the Pyrethrnm , thatheefaw in the Thutra gardeD, varied in having yellow flowers from this, which hath growne with us and is white. The yertnes. This Pelietory is hot and drie in the third degree: the roote taken with hony iseffeffuallagainft all coiddifcafes ofthebraine, as the Apop'exie,falling ficknes,the twr/go,or - turning of the braine, and others of the like nature: it helpech alfo the defluxions of rbcumefrom the Uad to th teeth being brnifed and heated in tome vineger, and the mouth gargled therewith, or the roote it lelfe chewed in the mouth, doth often eaie thefurious paints of the tooth-ach if it ppoceede from r. eume ; it is effeftually put alfo into all thole oyles or oyntments that aieufed to warme andheate any part of the body, or the (inewesthac are benummed with cold, or the dead or (bakin g pal fie : for which pui pole, lome doc much commend anoyle dratvne from the greene rootes, to be anointed, yea though the parts be drawing to a gatigrecne: alluredly, it much hclpeth all cold griefes either inward or outward. Chap. XI. Kttctila terrains five Bulbccafianvm. Earth Chefnut. E the Earth Chefnut there is two forts, a greater and a leffer in each part. I. Nttcalaterrefirie major. The greater Eirth Cbelrut. The great plant brirgeth fuuh divers long ftalkesof leave, rimediatly from the rootewhichate finely cut in and divided,fomewhat iike unrothe leaves of Parity,that grow on the middle or top of thellalke, as ‘D:a oriv compareth them, ,'et larger ti an the next or {mail Earth-nut among which rifethup aflender llalke about a foote high, hearing at the toppes many fmall white flowers in an umbell, which turne into blackiih fmall long let be, fmeHing lo.newhat 1 weet 1 the roote is not fully round or lmooth, hut bunching out in one place or other, and Somewhat rough, of ablaikifti browne colour on the outfide, and white within, of a p'eafant taffe, betweene a Chefnut and a Parlnjppe, which is often eaten by women and children, af- they have roafled them by the fire c r under the embers. 2. NucttUterreflritmmor. The i, fler Earth-nut or Chefnut, This finaller Earth-nut hatha (null round,(hbroivne route like the former, but leffer, from whenceriffcth up a longflender whitifh firing or Dalke, whetherfoevei you will call it, within the ground, not alwayes riling ftraight up from the roote, which groweth foure or five inches deepe in the earth, but foulding or crumpling it felfe to and fro unto the toppe of the 1 round, from whence it rifeth a little bigger naked or bare of leaves for art inch or two, and then fendeth fofth from the Tides of the fame (Hike, fundry linall ftalkesof very fine cut leaves, little bigger than haires, of a fad greene colour, and at the toppe whereof fundry branches of while flowery in umbells, and fuch like fmall long feede,as in the former, but leiler, on ’ fomewhat (harpe in tafte. The Place and 1 ime. The firft is as frequent in the upper and lower Cjermar.y, and in France and Italy, and the leffer more frequent in our country than theirs, although, as Camerarim faith, it groweth by the Ubeyne alfo, and flower in the begin¬ ning of Summer, feeding quickly after, -- --- - l> Tribe 8 . The Theater of Plants. /HAP. 12 . Nucula terrcfirh major v el miff or. Earth-nuts oi-Chefnuts, The Names. It hath no Greeke name, but what is acquired from the Latine, which is*y&° } &* tV0V > when as the Latincs by a cor¬ rupt word doe call it Bolbocaftanum, or Bulbocaftainum, but by a better Nucula terreftrit, as Lobel doth,but Guintcrutsk r GeupilM thinke that the word fliould be rather Balanocafta- \nen, which is as ftrange as the other, and but formed toge¬ ther to fliape it a coat futable to the wearing : ‘Dodontus m his former workes tooke it to be Bmittm of Diofcerides ; but it feemeth upon better advice, he changed his opinion, and maketh no mention thereof in his later, or Pemptades : which Lobel alio feemeth to ftumble at, not knowing, as he faith in Adverfaria , fol.yi. any other plant that may repre- fent Diofcorides his Bunium if this be not it: but the defec¬ tion of Bmium in Diofcorides, doth fo much vary from this, and hath fo little relemblance, that I wonder judicious and learned men fhould fo erre, for if one or two words herein doe corrcfpond unto the Bulbocaftanum, all the reft contrarieth it quite, for befides that c Diofcorides maketh no mention of the roote to be bulbous, or otherwife, which was not fit to be omitted,ind giveth an efpeciall knowledge of the plantjthere is in this Earth-nut no fquare ftalke,nor of a fingers thickneffe, nor in the true coppies,as Lugdunenfis noteth, is there any mention of Parfley-like leaves neare the rootes, but on the ftalkes, nor are the flowers like Dill, which are yellow, nor is the feede fmaller than Henbane,tne properties alfo of each, being different. Thus have I fhew- ed you that Bolbcajtanon connot be Buninm, but whit Bum - urn is, by the judgement of Dalecbampius , 1 fhali fhew you a little hereafter among the wild Carrots, c Matthiolus ma¬ keth the firft here, to be his firft Oenanthe vnfol.617 .of Bat*, hinw edition; Doftor Turner tooke it to be Apios j and fa- falpinus calleth it Pancafeolm ,and as Comerarm faith, Gera- niumprimuTiofcorid/s^but he faith that the Italians callit'O; becaufe the vulgar cate it in ftead of bread and checfc. Lttg- dunenjh' calleth it Bulbocafianon grandius, as Cornerarios in horto alfo aknowledgeth it, and doth call it Bulbo caftanwn Tralliani , but Lugdunenfis by that name underftandeth the leffer fort calling it rhas, becaufe he wohld make aft* mina ,which is a quite differing plant from this, as I fhali fhew yoU among the Oenanthes. G efiner odondius yTaber- mom arms and others, doegenerally call it Bulbocafiaffum. The other is,as ^ (aid even now,called by Lugdunenfis Bulb ocafianum mas Tralliani, zndBulbocaftanum alter urn minoribw folijs & bulbisby Camerarm y Loniccrw un- dei ftandeth this plant, which he calleth a fpecics of Ornithogalum. The French Savoyards call it Faverottei , the Germans Erdkerften, t and Frdnujf, the Dutch Erdtnoten, and wee Earth-nuts j Earth Chefnuts, Gronndnuts, and Kipper nuts* The Verities. The roote is hot and drie, and fomewhat binding, yet all moderately, but the feede is more in both, yet hath an opening propertie to provoke urine: the roote is faid to be good for thole that either (pit or piffe bloud: they that ufe to eate of them doe finde them nourifhing as Chefnuts, and no otherwife profitable in any efpeciall refpeft. Chap. XII. Oenanthe recepta herbariorum. Dropwort, Lthough I know that noneofthefe plants deferibed in this Chaprer, is the right Oenanthe o £ T) iof cor ides t yet becaufe the common vote of thefe times paffeth lo upon them, and that I could not fo well joyne them to the Filipendulas here before fet forth, unto w horn they are in fo me fort like in that they were umbellifiers t let ;me place them here to bsginne this fecond divi- fion of the umbelliferous plants, which areof fuch asbeare rhinne cut leaves, like Carrots or Parfky, and that in the laft Chapter it was fhewed you, that fome did call the Nucula terre - firiiy Oenanthe . as well as the ordinary Filipendula. 1. Oenanthe zsfpij folio major. The mod ordinary great Droppe wort. This great Dropwort,hath for roote?,many r, und white and fomewhat long Afphodill like clogs joyned toge¬ ther at the toppes, and ending in fmall fibres, from whence rife many greenc winged leaves, made of many parrs, cut in to the forme aimoft of Smallagc leaves, bur n uch fmaller, arid from among them two or three ftiffc round ftalkes,halfe a yard, or fometimes two foote hiah l eler with .ome fuch leaves as prow below, and at the toppes fundry fpokesor umbells of whiteflowers, converted afteiwardes into Eennell-like feede, but lmaller,and of a darke whitifh colour. „ „ , r , , ^ a Oenanthe Apij folio minor duartsm fpecierum. Two fmaller loTts of the former Droppewort. Thefe two forts of fmall Dropworts have their winged leaves very like in she divifions unto the former.but both Gggg 3 fmallec Tbeatrnm Botanieum, Tribe 8. i;i Cm a p.I2, 3; Oenantht CrtticaficBatit. Unity Dropffqrt with ftarre-likc heads. 5. Oenartthe angufhfolia lebetij* Lvifls narrow leafed Enantheor Droppewort. fmaller by much St more green,yet the one of them alfo fmaller than the other, and the leffer a little finer jagged, which plaine- lyfhcweth the difference as well as the feede, which is fmaller almoft by the halte, and rounder than the greater of rhefe, which is fomewhat like unto Dill feede, but fomewhat fmaller and white, the flowers in either being white, but differing in greatneffe : the rootes likewife are much alike ; yet [fill greater or leffer the one than the othrr, and each confiding of iundry fmall tubers, with many firings or fibres among them. 3 OcnantW Cretica fleliata. Candy Droppewort with fiarre-like heads. After many yeares [landing, this fendeth forth an upright (lalke, fcarce a foote high, without any leafe thereon, and with foure and five heads or tufts of white flowers, upon lonu foote [hikes, encompaffed with eight or tenne fomewhat long and pointed leaves like a fiarre, after which follow fmall feede fomewhat like to the Indian Scabious: the leaves that grow below are winged, that is many fmall ones fet at difiances upon a long foote fialke, very like, both for forme and bigneffe, unro thebiger of the lafi two recited forts which fall away in the Winter, and fpringing a f'rcfh in the Spring from rheroote, which xionfifteth of fundry Afphodill like clogs, but leffer, fomewhat hard and blackifh. 4 . Oenanthe Crcticaproiifcra. Candy Dropworte withfruitfull heads. Very like unto the lafi is this Candiot, yet differing firfi in the leaves, which are larger and not cut into fo many parts, then in the heads of flowers, which though white and cluffc- ring together like it, yet in (lead of the long pointed leaves fee thereabouts, this hath fundry fmall heads of the like white flowers, after the manner that many other plants have,namely Marigolds,Dayfies, &c. which we call childing or fruitfull, or as fome doe, Iacke-Anapes a horle backe, and againe in the feede, which is like to the water or Marfhkindc.andlafily, and moff efpecially in the rootes, which are not glandulous like the other, butwholely compofed of a number of white fibres 6. Oenauthe Cieott facie Lobclij. Lobels Hemlockc- like Enanthc or Drepworr. and The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 12. 895 KIBE 8 , indthreds; this alfo upon the firft fpringing thereof from the feede hath but three leaves upon divers ftalkes, ind thofe after gaine more. 5. Oenanthe angujlifolia Lobe lij. Labels narrow leafed Enanthe orDropwort. This Enanthe of Lobel is layd to be like the firft,but with much narrower and finer cut leaves, and not to differ . .ready in any other particular. 6. Oenanthe Cicnte facie Lobelij. Lobcls Hemlocke like Enanthe or Dropwort. The lefives hereof are more like the medow Rue then Smallage having many Email ones fet together of a fowle darke greene colour,and lomewhat like Hemlocke in colour asalfo in the flowers but more intffeeff, trou. blinu and overturning the braine and fenfes being eaten as Lobel faith, the rootesare white and glandulous, or Afphodill like (oft and tender but (harpe and unpleafant in tafte, yeelding a whirifh milke at the firft.and turning yellow after, which is poifonous,virulent and exnlcerating. 7. Oenantbe palujlris five aquatica, Marfh Dropwort. 1 The lower leaves hereof are much divided into many (mailer parts then the former forts,but thofe that grow upon the hollow ftalkes are much finer and fmaller: the fpikie umbells of flowers are white as the other,and the feede like Hemlocke : the rootes are many fmall tubers faftned by firings and other fibres among them. 8, Oenanthe JWonJpe/iaca major fir minor. French Dropwort a greater and a fmaller. The greater ol thefe two French plants olDalcchampins as Lugdunenfts remembrerh them,hath a thicke crefted iftalke about a foote high and leaves thereon like unto Carrots, the umbells of flowers are white, and fome- I what long (eede fucceeding: the rootes have many lomewhat long and blackifh tubers with other fibres among: The lelTer fort hath a thicke handhigh ftalke,and the like Carrot-like leaves: but the feede thereof is flat like Ar. \rache, u herein hee faith, asalfoin that it groweth inftony places, it commeth nearer then the other unto the (right Oenanthe ob Diofcorides although the other in all other things is neared thereunto c the rootes hereof alfo are (fmall and tuberous like the other. p. Oenanthe Ismcoides minima. Small Rulhlike Enanthe or Dropwort. A'though I here give you the lefler figure of Labels Oenanthe aqmtica in want ol the right, whereunto this • doth come very neare,yet thedefeription (hall amende that defeft: For it hathfundry very fine and fmall divided I greene leaves lying on theground all the Winter and fome as fmall andfine as Means Spioncll: but thofeupon the hollow greene Kufh like ftalkes which are about halfe a yard high aie finer by much, yet very lew, and at the ; upper joynt with theleafe and not at the top oftheflalke come forth a lew very fmall white flowers which turns into very fmall feede; the heads or tubers that bee diiperfed among the fmall hairclike fibres,are as fmall as rea- 1 (finable big Pins heads, which abide and perilh not encreafing yearely, but belt in a moift and fhadowie } place, 10. Oenanthe tentsifolia altera African?.. Fine fmall Dropwort of Africa. I have yet one other of thefe Oenanthes to (hew you which r Boel gathered on the Turbary coafts and brought to i 11s, havinga ftnalllknderbroadftalke with very fine cut leaves thereon as fineas either Dill or Spignell, fetac diftances with divers branches of umbel-lifte white flowers at the toppes,changing into very fine white feede: the i roote being fmall and tuberous like the laft. The Place and Time. AM fave the fecond two forts,and thofe particularly entituled grow in our owne Land,which lecond and laft ; have not beene remembred by any other before.flowring and feeding in the end of Summer. The Names. Diofcorides hath by Mattbiolus judgement recorded three forts of ctve'.Z'e Oenanthe, derived ecd-riche a vino cir fore cjuaf fos vinofus, quod forum decore, adore et qttadantenus colore non ftnt viti dijfimilcs : vel etiara Lettcsnthon appellari a flornm candore fcribit,yctTheophraJhu in the laft Chapter of his fist Booke maketh mention 1 but of one fort not to be excluded from the number of flowers yet fowen of l'eede, which all doe interpret to be the bloomings of the wild Vine, and as Matthiolus faith Diofcorides implyeth that wild Vine thatbeareth Grapes as well as that which is barren. Divers authors have diverfly judged ol Diofcorides his Oenanthe, miatthiolus contradicting Fuchfitts, who firft and Lobel after him that drove to maintain? his opinion, that the common Fi- 1 lupeninU was it; yetnotwithftanding Lobelhis opinion ,Matthiolus his reafonsftand for good arguments therea- gainft. And although as I fayd in the beginning of this Chapter, I here (hew you many diverfities of Oenanthe as they are fo accounted, yet we cannot be affured that any one is the genuine and right plant: and howifiever as you hcare Fteclfw and Lobel would maintaine F ilipendula^Lngdunenfs his fmaller Mpmpelier Oenanthe , Alpinus. alfo as much inlilleth that his is the right, yet Hill there is fomewhat defedlive in each of all thefe, namely eyther in the rootes or ftalkes.or feedes :butbecaufc I cannot abfplutely determine this controverfie, I muft leave eve¬ ry one to bis owne judgement,toufe them that are found moll vertuous.For the names the firft doe moft truly de- ferve the name of Apt] folio, which our countrey women herbe gatherers,and fellers moft falfly call white Peony rootes, becaufethe rootes are white and cloggy, fomewhat like unto the female Peony rootes: the reft have names according to the titles their authors give them, yet except the firft.the third and the fixt they have all roots more like unto Filipcr.dula : Bauhims in my opinion hath much miftaken himfelfe in quoting Columna his Cjmi- r.e.m bnlbofum Plwij to bee Oenanthe Api] folio which may plainely bee feenc to bee the Nucula terrejhis or 5 «/- bocafianum which is CMatthiolns his firft Oenanthe after Filiptndnla.tsv.d not Oenantbe Api] folio which is his fecond. The Vert ties. Lobelont\y brandeth his Oenanthe Cleats facie to be virulent and venemous, from the rdationsof the North country people, whereas he faith it chiefely groweth, and contefteth againft Matthiolus that approved it bene- ficiall in Hiftericall, Epilcpticall, Analepticalland Cephalicall difeafes, as alio the Strangury or hard making of water; yet holdeth the other to be by fome Gngular prerogative available in the fame cafes. Alpinus alfo com¬ mended! his Candy Oenanthe Slellata to be good for them that have the ftrangurie. Cb*»; 8 y 6 ChapcI^. Theatrum Botanicum T R I B E 8. Chap. XIII. r Dancns % Daukeor wilde Carrots. Lthough there be many forts of theft Daukes or wilde Carrots,yet becaufe I cannot well tell how to ft. Derate them,I mall packe them all into this one Chapter. . Cr , mm P l 'Ddttciw Creticw verw Diofcoridti. The true Dauke of C< 3 »«y. -M&M Theme Candy Dauke hath fundry ftalkes of winged leaves as finely cat as Fennell bntflrorter fee at diftances one againft another, of a whitifh or hoary colour fmelling fomewhat fweete, from among which rife divers (lender branched ftalkes a foote high, bearing at their tops fmall umbells of whi e flowe ,and alter i them (mall hoary grayifh (cede, fotnewhat long and round of a quicke fent and tafte • * e ro ® « “ 1 ° n fi an jj ■ white, almoll as quicke and fharpe both in fent and tafte as thefeede, but will not abide our Winters with all the care we can ufe. ., . f i^ a. ‘Dcwcms /4lpiftus CreticoftmilU' Mountameleafed Dauke. This fine Daukediffcreth little from the former which is in that it groweth m colder places, the leaves be,ng j fomewhat longer and greener then the former, nothing fo hoary or white,an grow no o many or lc ctoge- thcr. ihc umbells of flowers arc white and the feede like alfo, but a little longer and not lo hoary, but fomewhat ; neare both in tafte and fmell: the roote alfo is quicke and fharpe as the other. ‘Daucnsmontanus Pannonicus. McuntaineDauke 01 tiUHgarj. This Dauke of Hmrurj which Clufius calleth Saxifrug* Pmmica, and Bmbinus Caucus montams > breviaue folio, hath fundry long ftall es offine cut leaves and fhort,fomewhat like unto the leaves of L umitery, of ! a flrong fent and tafte.and fomewhat (harpe withall; among which rife up joynted ftalkes about a foote bigh i with the like leaves on them,and at their tops umbells of white flowersithe roote is but fhort an b ackifli tufting ; quicke and fharpe,drawing water into the mouth upon the chewing, and hath abufhof haires at the toppe. 4. Caucus montanus pnmilus. Low or dwarfe mountaine Dauke. This Dwarfe kind hath a few (mail ftalkes with fine cut leaves longer then the laft, and but thinly or fparmgly fee thereon, fomewhat refembling Sow-Lennellbiit feldome exceeding fifteene leaves on a ftalkefrom among which leaves tifeth up a fhort thick ftalke nor a foote high, branched from the bottome upwards with the like leaves on them,but feldome exceeding nine on the ftalke,broadeft below and of the tmel, and tafte o arrots; the toppe of eaci, branch and ftalke is furnifhed with many fmall umbells of white flowers without any ent at sll, unco which fticceede fmall feede like Parfley : the roote is fmall and fhort, browne and rugged on the outfi e,an white and fpongie within having a bufh of haires at the head Clufius calleth thit Sehuummoittauumpum am, t Bauh'mus referreth it to the wilde Carrots and calleth it Vuncus montmus mttltifido folio Sehmjtmnc. !Daucui Crcticusverui'Diofcoridis. The true Dauke of Candy. 2. Daucut .'llpinus Ctctico frmilu. Mouotaine fine leafed Dauke. Daueia 898 Chap. 13. beat rum ‘Botanicuru* T R i E E 8, 5. Dancies Sehnoidss major. The greater Parfley leafed Dauke. The greater of thefe Daukcs which hath large (Talks of fomewhat broad pale greer.e leaves bigger then Paiflej and with divifions of the fame fafliion and manner next the ground, hath (ctr.ewliat bigge (hikes almoft twt foote high with the like leaves at the joynts but fhorter,and at the toppes lpckie rundles ot white flowers vvhic turne into long crcltedfeede bigger then ordinary Pennell l'eede, and of a yellow browne colours the rootei fomewhat great,thiefee,long and white, with a tufh of haires at the head as many other umbelliferous plan: 1 have, and of a hot and fharpe tafle as the feede is alio. There is another fort hereof as Uhel in his obfervatiorr faith,fomewhat lefle then the former but die agreeing therewith in all parts, which bee found in the wood hi ) Narveum . 6 , Daucuf Selinoidcs maxim**. The greateft Parfley leafed Dauke. This gteatcfl kinde called by Clujiut Sefeiialterum Pamiomatm yet putteth the figure of the lafl for it,hath a root; fometimes as great as ones at me, or being young of the bigneffe of ones thumbe,parted into feverall branches aj| the bottome.and covered with a rugged blacke barkc of a clammy tafle at thefirfl,butfliarpeaftcrwandsandcaud fing (pitting, having at the toppe many hairy heads, from whence fprmg fundry very huge and great winger leaves, much divided and dented about the edges fomewhat like the lafl but larger, of a faint grecnc colour iomc. what (hining on the upper fide,and of a grayifh afhcolour underneath •* among which rifeth up a large great ere i fled ftalke of a fingers thickneffe, with ionic joynts and leaves at them, and with branches alfo from tetweenc them, at the tops whereof (land fmall umbells of whitifli flowers, and fomewhat larger but like (eede as the lafl. Both r efctsvo lafl forts may well be referred to the fecond Dma* of ‘Diojcoridesptihafc leaves arc like S elimtl or Parfley before any other. 7. Daucw tertiw rDiofcoridje Bello . Coriander leafed Dauke. This Dauke which Honoring Hellw faith groweth inCf Baubinm in his Prodromvt in every part which hce faith floth well agree nnto the Apium paluftrc of Dodvttw, and it>theTbjfclimn P/ini/ of Label, but that it giveth milke iwhich this doth not and that this rileth much higher then shat: the fmell and tafle of this is wholly like unto a [Carrot. IT. D alieni[eruidui Tdalecbampy, The French wilde or fielde Dauke. f This kinde of field Dauke hath a long round white root, like nnto a fmall long Carrot, fweec and fomewhat 'lharpe,hairy at the hcad.with long fiendcr ftalkes of win¬ ded leaves rifingfrom it, which are whole and fome- sivhac thicke, not gaftied or cut in on the edges butdented, sefembling Parfnep leaves but much fmaller, feaven for the inolt part let together one againft another fomewhat clofe., Iind the odde one at the end, the_ ftalke is a cubit high or higher, with finer leaves at the joynts then grow below as. VaHtmftcUatus. Starre headed Dauke. j i. Vawus tonus Daleibanpi'j. Another French wilde Dduke. v S. Emus Daufce of Germny. 500 Chap.13* Theatrum Botanicum. T r i b 18. *nd fmall lon^cd^afteTthcmrfomnvhat fweete in Imcll and fharp* talk ' DancustertmDalechampu. Another French xvildeDauke This otlltr French wild Dante hath a .bBfcgj. = " ““ JS'S £ “'s,«S5S,Ss".'."tolto,»df-lte,to... to.II»Fstol ...hs highsfl,the «ow«, ■. - ft "& and fine ong leave like Fennell fet at them with branches nlmg from thence, l.kewife bearing !ar*c umbehs'offlswers whfch are reddifh at the beginning and white when they are open, fomewhat bitter and (harpe fmeUing. Coria „ 4 i folio five Buninm Dalecbampi,. Rockie wilde Dauke. ,T rx U ^ m.mh and rockie or ftonv places rifeth up from a fmall white branched well The wilde Dau e that gr : r ur u 2 drv Ion" ftalkcs of leaves fo nearely rciembling PatQcy that manyarc fmellmg roote,hairy at t e heede it the lialkcis iquarc, tall and of a fingers thicknefie, with finer bane feede of a good lent. , . , 5 i, Dancm fteUatsu. Starre hcadt d Dauke. ThisDauke hath fundry leaves, at the ground are fomewhat like unto Parfley, but fmellmg Well like the cw Dauke and tailing hot: the ftalke hath (undry branches fet with the like eaves at them, and yellow um- bells of flowers which are liicceeded by (mall feede veffells, having five imall leaves like thornes under them, repreknthig htrle llarres five or fix fmall threds riling from the bottome to the toppes making every head tea lik P eaCone & each handing feparateby itfelteonitsowne footflalke, fmellmg fweet and aromaticall m talle: the roote itthicke and Jg like unto a Fatfley or Parfnep roote and eaten familiarly by the Natives either raw or boyled.and held good to procure Vrine,womens courles and V, nery. 1 16 Dattcw Alfrticw. Dauke of Germany. This Germine Dauke hath a thicke root fomewhat long.with fundry great firings thereat, and at the head many haire, from whence come divers large winged leaves made of many parts, fet one a 6 aln “ one or two reddifh ftalkes, feldome mote doe rile to a mans height, divided into many branches and they into JefTer with the like but fmalier leaves atthejoynts, and at the toppes (land et I would bee loth to dero¬ gate eyther from the accurate judgement orfinceritie of fo learned an Herbarid as DalccbattJfimWZSy e ra ~ bians call it Danco and Giezar, the Italians and all other nations doe for the mod part follow the Latme as neare as their Dialeft will permit,or ellc following the French Carol Savage as fame doe with us, to call them wilde Carots.or rather as is more fit Dauke according to the Latine,becaule there is another herbe more properly cal¬ led Wilde Carrot, ‘ Tribe 8. TheTheaterof T tarns, Cha p„i4„ 902, The VertHcs. A Ithough the herbe of the true Dauke is by the watery moifture therein leffe effe&ual! thcij the feeders Cjxlen faith,whichhath that powerfull heate therein that it is a principal! medicine to helpe the ftrangurie, to provoke urine and womens courfes, to expcll the dead birth and helpe the fuft'oeation of the mother, yet the herbe is oft. temperate qualitie, and will helpe to digeft humors by exhaling themby the pores,if it bee apply.ed thereunto yet leffe then the feed'es, which is powerfull to difeuffe griping paines,torments and wounds in the body or bowells, and efpecially profitable for thofe that are bitten by the,Pfaltmgium or deadly Spider,and the rootes as well as it effeftuall againft any other venemous beaft,or any other venom,or poyfon or piltilence being drunke with wines the fame alfo put intopulteffesdotheafe tumors and fwcllingsin any pate, being mixed with hony ithel- peth old and inveterate Coughes. Ch a p. X fill. PaJHhoca temifolia. Carrots. Aving (hewed you in the laft Chapter all the forts oCDaucw which fome for want of amorepro- per name have called wilde Carrots, I will in this (hew you all the veil whether tame or wilde that fo they may (land together. 1. PajiintcatcnHifoliit[mvulutea. Common yellow Carrots. The common Carrots I might well have fpared to deferibe here, having fire wed you all the forts of them in my former booke, butfeeing I amtofpeakeof fome wilde forts which are like unto the manured, it (hall not be impertinent to fet them forth againe that fo the wilde fort may bee knowne wherein they differ. This is well knowne to have divers large fpread leaves made ofmany thin cut deepe greens leaves divided into many parts, among which rifeth a round ftalkc three or foure foote high bearing large tufts of umbells of white flowers which doe elefe together and fpread not much, andmrne into (mall whitifh rough or hairy leedc holding one to another, therooteisfomewhat great and yellow, big above and fmall pointed be¬ low, without any (angsortwinesofaplealantfweetetafte, and therefore wholly fpentforfoode. There are other forts as I have (hewed in my former booke,whereunto I referre them that are defirous to know, but I have feeue this garden yellow kinde by lowing it fclfe fometimes the root to become white. 2. Pajiinacatenuifolia fylvcjlru. Wilde Carrots. The wild growethin a manner altogether like the tame but that the leaves arefomewhat whiter and rougher 8c fo are the (hikes iikewife which beare large fpokie tufts of white flowers,with a deepe purple fpot in the middle which are contraifted together when the Jeedc beginneth to ripen that the middle part being hollow and low, and the outer (hikes riling high tnaketh the whole umbell fhew likeuntoabirds neft, as I (hewed 1 before in the Chapter of Tafimcafativaa'.iciatnuifoliaatntulims, ftrangeChervillstheGtnm both ill the large fpreading and manifold fine divifions of the leaves,and in the pleafanter tafte and greatnelTe of the roote, refembling rather a Parfnep although their feedes are alike. 5. Pafliruicafylveftrii loirfut 0 caule. Wilde Carrots with hairy itajkes. The roote of this Carrot is white and often a foot long, fomttime, (ingle and lometimes divided into two or three parts, very like both in fent and tafte toaParlley roote,but hotter in the mouth for.a longtime, from whence rileth up a ftalke a foote and a halfehigh as thicke as ones little finger at the bottome, being fomewhat round but crefted orcornerc^ery plainly,exceeding hairy and fullof joynts, whereat grow large crefted (hikes ofwinged leaves compaffinr^ie ftalke at the bottome, afoot: in length, divided into fundry leaves, andthey againenito other lmaller parts very rough and hairy alfo, and of a yellowilh greene colour, from Ivtweene which leaves and the (hikes at the joynts, come forth other crefted ftalkes and the like leaves at their joynts but lelfer, and doe very well refemble the leaves of our garden Carrots but larger and foft ifone handle them hard, butroughboth on the backe and edge being gently touched : fromevery oncalmoftof thefe joynts both of the flalke and branches arifeth a certaine long huske, confiding of fix fmall long leaves dole fet together which when it openeth fheweth forth a fmall tuft or clofe umbellof white flowers, and lometimes yellowifh lomevvhat fweec, after which doe follow fomewhat round feede, two alwayes joyned together and very prickley, on the backfide, the inner fide being flat and more yellow then Carrot lecde,elfe fomewhat like. The Place and Time. The firft kindes are alvvayes (owen in Gardens or in the fields chofen out for that ptirpofe^he red grow wilde; the firft plentifully in our owne Land by the fieldsfide and in untilled places: the laft in the like places o £ Germa¬ ny : the reft in Naples and doe all flower and feede in the end of Summer. The Names . slapuxT;'©- in Greeke derived (as is mod likely) from the grape when it is almoft ripe whofe purplifii co¬ lour the one fort hereof doth refemble and not from 5wpu*©-, the ftalke of Bryonie as fome tbinke doth anfwer both to the tame and wilde forts of Paftinaca in Latine zs T>iofcorides fheweth in the faid Chapter,but ufually Staphylinns fimply is taken for the wilde Carrot if be not joyned with it to expreffe the tame but paftinaca, which in Latine feemeth to take the name apafeendo cum corpus alat, is now a dayes divided into two forts rhat is into latifolia which is the Parfnep whereof I fhall fpeake hereafter, and into tenuifolia which is the arrot cal¬ led alfo Carota by divers from the Italians who doefo call it, but Dodon&m thinketh the word was deduced from the Cjermans Garrot which is totum rubens but I doe not fo thinke, and ‘Uauctu niger as it is thought by 7 heepbra- ftw, whereof yet there is lome doubt whether the word fhould not bewtiw which is yellow, as it is in mod true copies Lather then which is blacke as it is but in few. Cdlen alfo feemeth to call it Dahcus > but with " an R IB E 8 . The Theater of Tlants, an addition ot w^&paJliMc *,that others might know he did diflinguifh it from the trne Dmc m but here imn„ in all the Apothecaries (hops beyond the feas,and with us, the firft wild fore was ufually in former times taken for ZW«r; and fo ufed, and the ufe continue* with many to this day j and Diofcondes *cweth that reth a purple fpot in the middle of the white umbcll,whereby ,t may be knowne to differ much from any DaZm which doth not fo, befides that he fpeaketh of them in feverall Chapters. The firft is the PafUnacafanvanrt 1 folia fativabyrnoO. Authors, yet fome following the Greeke name, call it Staphyl,„m fr i mui & r? c l ac ¬ cording to the Colour of the rootc yellow or red, as Tragus and fome others, and Mattbiolm, Lacuna , nt) T f C ~ montanusSifer,vnd Sifer alterum,ox Carota^sGmlandmMyCafalpwus.Camerarim and lob cI : camir, arid TwL inborto ,that fome do not much amiffe that take the rootesofthe red and yellow Carrot for th afUccedaneitm j album and rubrttm : the fecond is called PaftinacafylveftrK by Mattbioltu and others,- and (jlveslrii tenuifol° ^ gemuina T>iofcoridu by VodeneM and Label, Paflwaca erratic a by Fuchfius , Co r d w an d Tabermontantu S \LoLt /ytvejfrisby Tragut zndCdtfalpinus,and Daucm agreftis by CjaUn m hb t de aliment is- 3 D anew vtthari? on! rum by Clufim and Mel: the third is called by Column* PafimacafylveJlrU Bauco.des Apnla ?*e fourth ‘T’ him alfo called, as it is in the title : the lad is the Baucu, of That™, that is to fay hirfuto ca« V a „H be the Baum- angulofus of Cordtu in bijloria, although he findeth fome defies and differences therein from h 7 The Italians call it (farotta, and by fome Pafhr.xca ; tile Spaniards Canahoria, as they tall the Parfneme r!v French alfo Pafienadcs, but they addejaunes to diftingui* it from the Parfneppe, and the wilde kinde Ta/le. nadc fauuage ; the germanes GeelRuben, and ’JMohren, and the wild Carrrot Vogelnefias the Tutcb doe andrhr the manured kind Geelpooten, axidgetlwortelen- and we in Englijb wilde Carrot. ” >,u ' The Twenties . The manured or garden kinde is fomewhat windie with the fweetneffe, andihereforc in thenourifhin^fKr. reth up bodily 111ft, but doth not expell winde as fome have thought, for fo it (bould worke contrary effefts wfirh is not found herein: the wilde kinde indeede, is more phyficall, and befides that it breaketh winde and flitches in the tides, it provoke* urine and womens courfes and helpeth to breake and expell the (lone : the’ feede alfo of the fame worke* the like effcas, and is good for the dropfie, and thofc whofe bcllycs are fwollen with winde helpeth the cholicke and the (tone in the kidneyes, and the riling of rhe mother being taken in wine or bovled in wine and taken, and helpeth conception : Dwfcoridet faith, that it is fo powerfull to'helpe the hirings or flings of venemous creatures, that if it be taken before hand their bitings fhall not hurt 1 hem ; the leaves alfo he faith^ and Galen doth the like, being applied with honey to running ulcers or foi es doth clenfc them. ’ Chat. XV. Sefeli. Hart-wotc. Ecaufe there are many forts of Sefeli, much differing in forme one from another, fome havingfine leaves like Fennell, others like Hemlockes, or other herbesthey m.ght peradventure feeme fitto fome to be referred to the feverall Orders here appointed, but I thmkc it better to place them all together. I. Sefeli MajjilienfeFoenictilifolio,quodfDiofcoridii cenfetur. The V ue Sefeli or Hart-wort of Marfettes , as it is thoupht. The trne Sefeli tJMafflienfe Diofcoridu, as it i, taken by the molf judicious Herbarifts of our times hath a ve¬ ry long white (lender roote like unto Fennell, but fmel- ■* ling better, and tailing hotter and (harper, having but few leaves thinly fet on the (hikes,thicker and fhorter, and hardder than Fennell leaves, turning downewards, of a grayi* ora* colour, as all the reft of the plant is ( cfpeciallyin the hotter countries, for in fome places they are thicker or longer or *orter than in others, as Bauhinus faith is obferved ) the middle ftalke rifeth not above a footehigh, bowing to and fro fometimes, having many branches from the bottome with the like leaves on them, and each bearing umbells of white ( moft ufually and fcldome purpli* ) flowers, after which come fmall long feede more like to Annifeede than Fennell, fomewhat pleafant in tafte,yet fharpe and hot. z. Sefeli tMaffiUerfc aHertsm] Another Hart-wort of Marfelles. This other Sefeli Mafplienfe hath like wife Fennell- like leaves, but thicker and fhorter divided, greene and hard, but with white points, whofe winged ftalkes are large and more fpread than Fennel: the middle ftalke is two cubits or more high, of a fingers thick- neffe, crefted, j'ointed, and branced into divers other fmaller parts, each of them carrying umbells of white flowers on their toppes which turne into flat feede, not much unlike to Angelica feede, and bigger than Dill, hoc intafte, and very aromaticall, the roote is thicke, long, and white, with divtrs firings and fibres thereat encreafing earely. I- Se/eli tMafilicnfc folio Fanicoloquod ‘Diofcoridis ctnfitur • The true Sefeli or Hai * rvort of Diojiarida as it is thought. Hhhh * 3 ' Sefeli Tbeatrum Botanicum Tribe §, ^04 H A P» 2 . Sefell Mafilienfe alterum. j Another Hart-wort of Marfclle:. 4, Sefelipnttenfenoflrai' Our EHgliJbs ,ceenc Saxifrage/ 6, Se/eli palu/tre laffefcetii. MiJkic Marfh Hart-wort. Tribe 8. The Theater ofTlants, Chap. 15. 905 Sefeli pretenfe MenfpeUcrfum. Medow Hsrc-wort of Afompelier. Theroote of this Hart- wort is blacke without and white within,parted into many firings with fibres at th'errf encreafing well, from whence rifeth l (talke two or three foote high, with divers large fpread (hikes of winged leaves very finely cut into many parts, each being like unto Fennell, but larger, harder, and of a datke greens colour', fet at the joynts, and branching forth towards thetoppes, bearing umtells of white flowers, andaftec they are paft, fmall, long, and l'ome what flat feede, larger and blacker than F ennell, and neare unto Meum Spig~ „ett, of little fent, and a fmall fliarpe tafte. 4- Sefeli pratenfe mfiras, Our Etsglifi greene Saxifrage. Thelikeneffeofthisour Engl'fb greene Saxifrage "unto the laft Sc(e/» deferibed, hath made me joyne it next thereunto, although I might have put into the Ctalfis of the Saxifrages,but that being an umbelliferous, I would place it among the fame bribe or Family, which hath (hikes riling nothing fo high,(omevvhat crefted.and thereon (hikes of winged fine cut leaves, but nothing fo largely fpread, yet fome what like them in greenenefie, harfh- nefle and forme, or fomewhat leffe; the umbells of flowers are fmallcr, paler, or fomewhat tending to a ycllow- ilh whiteneffc, and the feede after them like uuto common Fennell feede, both for forme and greatneffe, but of a browner colour and fmall tafte. f. Sefeli prasenfc tcnmfolixm. Medow Hart-wart of Germany. This Germs* Hart-wort hath around crefted or ftraked (hike above two cubits high, with divers joynts and leaves at them, very like for the forme and divifions unto the wild Carrot leaves, but lmooth, and not rough, and of ad eepe greene colour, branching forth into lundry parts, bearing umbells of whitilh yellow flowers, after Which follow Imalllong feede fomewhat like Fennell and Carraway, or betweenethem both, and lomewhar aromaticall: theroote is as thicke as ones finger, and very long, blacke without, and white within, of afliarpe and fomewhat bitter tafte. 6 . Sefeli palssflrel*Uefcent. Milkie Marfh Hart-wort. This milke Hart wort rifeth up with a round ftemmeor ftalke three cubits high, with joynts "and long (hikes of well fptead leaves fet at them, the divifions whereof are very fmall andmuch cut in, almoftlikc to thofe of Carrawayes or betweene them and Fennell, at the toppe of the ftalkes it breaketh forth into branches, and they bcare fmall umbells of white flowers, after which follow thinne, flat, and winged feede : the roote is long and browne on the outfide, of an unpleafant tafte,with no fmall heate joyned therewith, which inflameth the thr at e, but being planted in a Garden,it loofeth much of theevill tafte of the burning qualitie becomming more mi'lde: the whole plant, or any part thereof being broken, there iffueth from it a certaine nulke, as many other um¬ belliferous plants doe. 7. Sefeli Criticism m*jm. The greater Hart-wort of Candy. This greater Candiot kinde hath rough and hairy round ftalkes, about two or three foote high, fet with long kes of winged leaves, much refembling Parfneppe leaves, both in forme and greatneffe, yet ibmewhat longer and narrower, dented abouc the edges, and pointed at the ends, beingrough and hairy likewile and turning themfelves a little backward to the ftalke, towards the toppes of the ftalkes they branch forth and have fmaller leaves fet at the joynts than grow below, bearing umbells of purplilh white flowers, whereon after they are fal¬ len grow flat whitilh round feede,circled abouc, as it were, with a border, and cut in roundabout italfowith round dents, of little or no fmell or tafte : the roore is white, fomewhat long andwooddy after it hath lceded, and perilheth, riling from the fowing of its owne feede againe plentifully. 8 Tofdiliumfive SefeliCreticum minus. The leffer Hart-wort of Candy. The leffer fandwt Hart-wort hath fuch like ftalkes of winged leaves, but fmallcr, rounder, and {hotter, fom'e- wliat hairy and whitifti: the ftalkes are leffer and lower, fuller of branches, bearing paler purplilh flowers in um¬ bells and feede after them, of the fame falhion, but fomewhat (harper and quicker, as the heibe is alio, and there¬ fore more accepted and ufed as a fallet herbe with the Italians and others the roote is as unprofitable and perilh¬ eth asthelaft. „ , ,, ., „ 9 Sefeli Cretknmmojus lutcitm. Great C«”V Hart-wort with yellow flowers. This Hart-wort groweth very like the firft greater kinde, having the like leaves on the ftalkes, but fomewhat broader and (hotter, a tittle fharpe in tafte, and not above two or three couples together, fet on the like ftalkes, but fmaller of branches, and bearing umbells ofyellow flowers like Dill, without any leavcsunder themasthe others have : after which follow fuch like whitilh flat buckler-like feedes ringed and dented about the edges like them, but larger and fmoother, and divided in the middle with a browmlh ftroke or line.making the feeds feeme like unco a kinde of Thlajfi or Treakle-Muftard feede : this flowered and feeded at Naples in Map, as Colima* faith, and that onely in gardens, and not wilde, , , 10 Sefeli esfpttlttm Creticam minimum. The fmaUelt Hart-wort of Candp. This firalleft kinde is very like unto the leffer C**dp fort that is eaten in fallets, but withTeaveslikt the lower leaves of Corianders, foft but a little hairy; the firft leaves being of an inch and a balfe long, and an inch broad, and dented about the edges with round dents: the fecond leafe is of two inches long; the third hath a longer ftalke, with two leaves fet thereon, fmaller and rounder than the other, about halfe an inch broad, and a bigger leafe at the end, yet fmaller and longer than the firft leafe, the next are leffer and longer, the ftalke is naked of leaves below, bein° fmall, hard,hairy and ftraked, and carrying thicke umbells of white flowers, with yellow threds in the middk, and under fee with longhairy leaves, the outer flowers being larger than the inner, thereby making the umbell refembell that of the wilde Carrot, after which come luch like feede as the former have but not halfe fo oreat, the middle part being of a darker colour, before they are ripe they looke of a purplifh greene colour but white when they are full ripe, of an aromaticall tafte, fomewhat bittcr.and fomewhat fweetem fent: the roote is fmall, white, hard,and a little heating in tafte. Column* faith, that the Gmgid.um Sykes,™ fo- las Baud* cjf Label is like unto this plant,iftbe figure be not imperfeft, I r. Sefeli momamtm C'estt* foliogUbrum. Mcmntaine Hart-wort with fmooth Hemlockc-like leaves: This mountaine Hart- wort hath large fpread leaves, divided into many fmaller parts, fomewhat like unto Hcmlockes or Sefeli Pelopomfe i the ftalke is hollow, and rifeth a cubit and a halfe high, dented into branches --. - - - - Hhhh 3 " bearing,' go 6 Cm a p.15, Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. TribrB. 7. Sefeli Crotieum five Terdiliun majut, 8 . Tordilien five Sefeli Crtticam minus. The gteaicK Harc-wert of Cand/. The lefl'er of Cundj. Tribe 8 . The Theater of TlantSi Chap. 15 . 907 hearing fmall fmoothlotig ieaves, more finely divided at the joyntsj and larger umbelis of white flowers at the toppes, which turne into yellowifh crefted l'eede, two joyned together of anaroinaticke and hot carte. it. Sefeli montauumCicma foliofuMirfatum. Hairy mountaine Hetnlocke Hart-wort. This other Hemlocke Hart-wort from a thicke roote, fendeth forth broad Hemlocke-like leaves, or like to the greater fweete Chervil), of a darke greene colour, and fomtwhat rough and hairy, efpecially the footc ftalkesof the leaves, in the middle of whomrilethupa thicke hollow, crelled, hairy and joynted rtalke, about two fqote hiah, divided into federal! branches, with few leaves thereon bur Idler: at the toppe whereof rtandeth a large umbell of white flowers, which are fttcceded by long, fharpe pointed feede, two joyned together. 13. Sefeli Peloponefiacum recentiornm. The moft ufuall received Sefeli or Hart-wort of Pclopanefuf, This Grecian Hart- wort hath a great roote, blackifh on the outfide, and whift within, growing deepeinto the ground like Ferula or 7 fe/>£,t,fomewhat fwcetein (melland hot in ra lie, the rtalke rifethewo foot high or better, as thicke as ones finger, with divers large fpread leaves at tl cbortotne ds great as Hemlocke, but crumpled, rough and hairy ; the rtalke and branches beare large tufts or umbelis of 5 ellow flowers, which after yeeld broad flac winged feede, ofa pale yellow colour, fomewhat like unto Angelica, but greater, and nothing fo thicke, of a very fwcete lent as the Sefeli °Aithwpicnm hath. This, faith ■Libel, the chiefcft learned and molt judicious H erba- rirts of (Mampe/ier, acknowledged upon due confideration thereof,to he the tru e Sefeli Peloponetife of Diefcorides: although formerly they tookc it to be a kinde ofThapfia.bUt faith he the true Thapfia is much differing, both in forme and colour from this, fo that none there doubted) of the tiuth thereof. 14. Sefili i/Etblopcumfnttex. Shrubbe Hart-wort of Ethiopia. This Hart-wort of Ethwpiafr o keepc his fcllowes company for name fake is fictert to be placed here, although fhrubbie and everlivingjfhooteth forth undry wooddy rough flems, covered with a blackifh barke, divided in¬ to many branches two or three cu its long, befet with many faire, large,thicke and hard,fmoorh and pale greenc leaves, being long, and fomewhat like unto Woodbind leaves, but mt fo broad, fmooth on the edges, and not fnipt or dented at all, cn the toppes of the branches fland fmall cufts of yellow flowers, which afterwards beare brownifh round and long feede,bigger and larger than fweete Fennell feedenhe root is great and woody, bavins clivers fmaller parts f.t with fibres bluing from it, abiding many yeares, if it be defended from the cold: the whole plant fmellethvery well, and t'-e feede beft being ofan aromaticketarte fomewhat bitter and fharpe witbali which is commended by Diofcoridei for the bell of the Sefilies, and beyond the A'f.'Jfihc'rfi. IS. Sefeli (fretenfe nedofnm. Great j 'ynted Hart- wort of Candj, ThH Sc/r/trifcthup withfoure or five hard round, and rough, or rather prickly rtalkes, about two footehigh whofe joynts are great, and bunched out like knees, vvith a rough large winged leafe, or two at each of them' feme of three, and others of five parts, and every of them alfo divided info feverall parts, of a fad or dead niecnc colour, changing reddifh at the feed time; the rtalke is rough and crcrted,and the fundry branches hereof do carry fmall tufts of white flowers, which turne into great, long, and round) rough feede: the roote is compofed of divers (lender, long, white wooddy Brings, perifhing yearely. !The Place and Time. Moft of theft S efilits grow about Mmpelicr,and in Clarions in Trance, yet fome in Germany, other in Italy and . .. ^o8 Chap.15* Theatrum Botanicum. T r 1B e 8. " 1 r nmt our own* country ; and although fome of them be entitnled of Card], yet that is but to an- ftJe/that kindewhich Diofeoridct doth fo call, as likcwife that ot 'Pehponefm in Greece, and that of Ethiopia : and mod of them doe bears ripe feede with us before the end of Summer, if care be had in the ordering and keeping 0fthem - " The T^amet. s(nM in Qreeke is likewife cslldd Stfili in Latine, and of fome Silt. The firft is taken by Lobel to be the true StUli Ma^tcnlm of ®ie/»w*r ) becaufe there is not about MarJeHe, & M^tUtr ^ other herbe rbat anfwe- reth fo truely unto the dcfcription thereof by T>,ofcorid,t as this doth, and CMm alfo confente h hereunto, and fo Site* it. Lobel faith alfo that formerly it was called by the Rodents, and others ther '£*”««*"■ caufe the ftalke groweth feldome upright but crooked : thefecond is the other Se/r/. tMaffthcnfe of Labe \ which 1*callcth Ftrl am Dauci [retici facie ,& the Stfcli M«ffU,tnft ot Mattbiolm, againd whom AjWcomefleth for Sffirminn that it urew on the hills by 7 >e»r,where he faith, it is not to be found, nor yet on Baldm, which is more than they are and but onely to be found about Member and at the foots of Mount Fiaf. ™Hc Z lZi which is in the way fromH»»* to Cameranm callcth it Sefch MaffUtcnfc mnmUorum and faith L,JGhinur affirmed to have feene twentie forts of herbes called all by that » horto, Lttgtc- „ e „r lS and others doe meane this kinde that they call Maffihenfe •• the third Label alfo cMcthScJchpratenfc Mon. Jicnfium, which f» bon* thinketh is the Lip]Itcum obMattbiolmDodonam calleth it S,ltr alterumpra- Lfe, Banhinm thinketh it may be the Sto Flmj •» ltb.i 6 .ci. and withall faith it is the nigra of Cor- dm in his hiffory, which in my Judgement differeth much from it, for that of Cordm hath divided leaves like wilde Carrots, and this like F ennell, that hath yellowifh flowers, this white, and the feede like wife feemeth to be more fharpe, which is not found in this, although growing in a hotter climate Tabcrmontanm calleth it H«p- pomaratbrtim: the fourth LoM calleth S axifraga Anglornm facte Sefeh pratenfi.MonJfeltenfmmlor although It be fomewhat like to it, yet it is not the fame as he there (heweth: the lift is called by Banhinm S efeh praten/e temtifo- imm CivtDaucoid's pratenfs tenuifolm deferibed in his Prodromw, as though none had exprefl it before, when as it is the very fame Faftinaca nigra of Cardm fpoken offbefore, as any that will compare them together fhall eafily finde : the (ixt Camerariw in borto deferibed, but Tanbinm m Prodrome giveth the figure of it, which none had donebefore- the ieventh is called TordylionfiveSefeliCreticum majusby Lobel and Lugdunenfis ,mdSel‘h CretI ~ cum maim by Camerarim-, Ccfalpinm faith, that in Italy it is called FimpneU* Roman* aherumgenmfyhrfire : the ei„ht is the Ordilian Nicandri, and Tordylion ‘THofcmdi, by Anguilara, Tordylion and Gordtlton by Vodon*m,Gcf- tier and others and S tfeli Crcticttm by Lobel, Tedonam and others s C*f*lptnm and Column* faith, this is common” lv railed in Italy PimsineUa Roman *,and familiarly eaten as a fallet herbe, and BeUonim faith, th >t this is the Caf. cafkra,tb2t. ltcaucaJU which is ufed in Candy J Greece, as Hone,Mm fhewe h in his firfl Epifile to Clu- Pm : the ninth is fet forth by Column*, by the name of Tordylton majm alteram lutcum : and the tenth is Tardy l m i,m minimum Apttlnm alteram by him alfo the eleventh is thought by Banhinm to be the Levtjhcttm alteram of LobeUnd Ltiffdunenfis feennehtm herbAnorum 01 TabermoKtanw^mt 1 thinke it doth better agree un¬ to the next and is the S efeli primwn montanum of C IttftM, called by Baubintu Sefeli montanumfolio Cicutdni.a.mm ! ,qHod tenfioner flatulentat internal & externas renittat laxette-. it is generally called Anifum ofall authors, and al mod by all nations according to their dialed, onely the Spaniards call it Matahalna and ycrvA deice. The Vertues, Galen hath erred very much in relating the temperature of Anife feede, faying it is hot and dry in the third degree, and burning withall, by reafon of the (harpeneffe and bit- terneffe : when as it is well knowne it hath no fuch acri- monie therein that it fhould come neare to any burning qualitie : for the fweeteneffe doth fo temper the fharpe- neffe therein that it doth not exceede the fccond degree in hcate nor the firft in drinefle: but the chymicall oyle draw- en from the feed exceedeth much thefe degrees,the fpirits being contrafted mud needs be the more fierce: The feede being often taken helpeth a (linking breath and to breake winde in any part of the body, bee it the head, domacke, fpleene, bowells or mother, and to provoke Vrine and fieepeto them that want it: theyhelpe Nurfesto (lore of milke for their children, to eate the (cedes comfited fading and lad at night, and is very good alfo for teeming women or with child,; theyhelpe thofe that are (hort winded, or have a Tificke or Confumprion, to take the decodion of them with Figs & LicoriceJ&c. they helpe alfo to expedo- rate flegme in them that have a Cough or (Iraightneffe in the breads, and is very conducible to the domacke, and be- , , ingboyledin wine and taken it helpeth the obbrudions of the Liver affurediy, and the Dropfie that commeth thrreby: the fame alfo dayeth the hickocke and helpeth digeftion : the chymicall oyle taken in broth or in wine three or foure droppes at the mod for a time doth wonderfully helpe the giddineffe of the head, the (Iraightneffe and paines inthe bread and domacke, or thecrudities andbelchings therein, the much defire to cad, and the rt- fing of the mother, as alfo all other griefesand paines inwardly that rife of cold or winde.-tf Anife eyther greene or dry be beaten and laid to their eyes that have any hurtfull thing fallen into them it will foone draw it forth and likewife take away the venome of any hurt by the bitings of venemous creatures, and hea,eth them quickly ? the herbs or feede boyled in oyle of Rofes and dropped warmc into the cares eafeth the paines and noyie in them t the bruifed feede and borax mixed together, and the fumes thereof taken being cad on quicke coales, fo the head be covered over ,that the fumes may penetrate thebetter, will (ooneeale the eontinuall headach: rbe Italians have this faying, J£j*i terrar.no in wane ttua plants d‘anife, non faran mole jlati dal mal caduco>, that is to fay, he that •holdeth a plant of Anife in his hand fhall not be troubled with the Falling fickneffe:but although this may feeme fomewhat too eafie to helpe fo grievous a (ickenes, yet affurediy the difti! led water of the hcrbe,or more effectu¬ ally the chymicall oyle,or I would fay and ufe rather,the Quinteffence thereof made as I (hall drew you prefently will give much eafe ro thofe that are franticke or didempered in their braines, efpecially if alfo there be an out¬ ward application with the hetbe or feede and other conducible things to the forehead and temples : the fame likewife is very cffeduall for old folkes as well as young children that have the Falling fickneffe, or are troubled ... - --- “ “" with 912 Chap. 19» Tbeatrum Eotanicum. TrIB E 8 C with SDatma's and Convulfions. The Quintcffence .s made m this manner, haying infifed he feede brmfed a little (what quantitic every one pleaie) for ,4. homes in good (pint of wine, let it hand as long in an hot Bal¬ neum then let it bee preffed forth and did illed or vapoured gently in glaffe.the relidcnce in the bottome when it is come to the thickneffe of thinne hony, keepe it for your ufe as aforefayd. Chap. XIX. Amm\. Bilhops weede, Lthough we have not the true Ammi of ‘Diofcmdcs and the ancients in all the Chriftian world, ey- ther crowing or tobefeene with any Apothecarieor Druggift, yet wee have t*o or three hetfcea that learned men have called by that name which wc will here let forth unto you. , Ammi vulgatiw. Common Bifhops wcede. Common Biihops weede rifeth up with a round draighthalke, fometimes as high as a man, but ufually three or foure foote high be let with divers fmall long and fomewhat broad leaves,cut in in fame places,and dented about the edges, growing on both (ides of the long tooteftalke one agamtt another, of a darke greene colourTomewhat like unto Skirret leaves, having fundry branches on them, and at the toppes fmall umbells of white flowers which turne into fmall round andbrownc (eede, little bigger then Parflcy feed, and noR fo bigge as Anr.efeede,of a quicke hot fent and tafle, the rootc is white and fibrous perifhmg every yeare after it hath feeded, and rifeth ufually of it owne fowing againe. 2. Ammi Creticnm. liiftiops Weede of Candy , 1 his ^wwifendeth forth divers (lender flalkes of fine cut leaves, (omewhat like unto thofe of wilde Carrots, fmelling (omewhat quicke, from which rife (lender (hikes with (omc joynts, and the like leaves let thereon* and at the tops umbells of white flowers,which turne into (mall feede like unto Smallag?, of a fweet fharpe fens and quicke tafte : the roote is fomewhat great and browne on the outfide,with lundry fibres thereat. 3. Ammi piirvHM folijs Fanicnli. Small Bifhops weede. This fmall /^wwihathrifing from a (mail rootc two or three fmall and (lender (hikes,about a foote high bran* ched towards the toppes, and (et with divers very fine fmall leaves finer then Pennell, bearing lmall umbells of white flowers,and very fmall blackifli feede after them like to Parfley feede, fomewbat pleafanc but (harpe and a little quicke wifhall: the roote is fmall and white,perifhing after (eedetime. The Place and 7”*w Tbeatrum Botanicum- R IB E Chap- XXII. i. standixvulgarii five PeRen Pencrit. Common Shepheards needle. mm Scaxdix. Shepheardsneedle. i Here are three or foure forts of Scpheards I needle that 1 am to firew you in this I Chanter, feme of which are revived and referred to thofe of the ancients, and ■ fomenever kuowne before I, Scaxdixvx/gariifiv- Pettenveneris. Common Shepheards needle. The common Shepheards needle hath fundry long hard lame, creene llalkes of 'eaves, o'ore divided, and hito many more parts, and of a fadder browne greene colour than Chclvill.and of no fentjthe (hikes grow a footehi :h, bearing fmall tufts of white flowds , and rdhr them five, or fixe, or more or lefle long feeds fomewhat round pointed at the ends, and a fiutle iou°h, as if they were dented, all of them cocnming from one head or (hike.with a few finall leaves under them : theroote is very fmall and thteddy. j. Sctmdix ultera caprtcglomeraio. Round headed Shepheards needle. Thiskinde of Shenheards r.cedie hath Ifalkes of lar¬ ger leaves than the ivilde Carrot comming iomewhat neareti Parfley, finoorh, and of a pale greene colour, thole thatgrowatthe joynrsof the ftalk. s come forth out of a broad fibre or skmne, as is feenc in many tern- lous and umbehferous plants, and bearing at the top a roundhead, of many greenilh white thredes fet clofe together: the roote is like the wildelParfmppe, and of a bitter and fnarpetafte. 3. Scandix Cretica minor five Jnthrijcw. Small Shepheards needieof Candy. The fmall Shepheards needle of C«wd;hatt> fundry [hikes of very fine cut leaves, not bulbing thickelike 3. Scandix Crctica minor five Antbrifctu. grnalt Shepheards needle ofCandy. \ Tribe 8» The Theater ofTUnts. Chap.22. she firft,but more fparfed and thinne, comming fomewhat neere to Camomill, but finer and a little hairy, of a pleafant both fent and tafle, among which rife (lender fhort ftalkes, fomewhat hairy or hoary, with but few joynts or leaves on them, at the toppes whereof (land five or fix Imall white flowers clofe fet together confining of five leaves a peece, in the middle whereof is a darke purplifh flile or leafe longer then the reft fpreading forth like a blazing ftarre, after which follow long leedes like the firft but fmaller, bigger below and endinga- bove in two fmall points, whofe edges are more rough and feeme more dented, andbee a little purplifh as the young ones are before they beripe.which are the feedes themfelves: the roote is fmall long and whiteiThis bath beene obferved to have a better fent that growcth in untilled voyde and gt avelly grounds then that w hich grow- eth in the fields. 4, ScandixCretica major . The greater Shepheds Needle of Candy. The greater kinde hath a crefled fmall ftalke a cubit high, patted into divers branches^ a little hairy at the dtry joynts having the lower leaves broade and fomewhat round,divided like unto the lefl'er Burnet Saxifrage one fet oppofite to another,flanding upon long (lalks,which together with the leaves are a little hairy :but tbofe that ftand at the joynts are much more finely cut in, and like unto the leaves of the firft, the umbells are a little fpread and fmall,yet greater then the firft,which are fucceeded by more (lore of long rough dented leedc then the laft.having each of them tw 0 fmall prickes at the end ■■ the roote is fmall and fibrous. ‘ 5 The “Place and Time. The firft groweth plentifully in our owne Land among Come: the fecond in France, the third both in Candy and Naples alfo, and the lalt in Candj : they flower early and feede accordingly. The Names. The Greekes call it cwJlf and the Latines Scandix alfo,and Peilen Veneris, Acm Veneris, and Acus patlori, or Acnla and Come call it S Canaria. There is much doubt and contioverfic among our later wrirers.firft what herbe the Scandix oCDiofcorides,Galen and P/my fhould be,that was fo common a Sailer herbe for the people to feede on and growing wilde with them, fo that Ariftephanes merrily taunted Euripides the Poet,thar his mother loid not a true wort but Scandix, which was accounted the meaneft or vileft of all others, for our PeRcn Vena h i s not taken to be the true Scandix in Candy, as Honorim Teilus fheweth in his firft Epiftle to Clufim ; for he there faith the Ca.ndiots eate it nor, calling it dytiorJrXnf, and hath no fmell, but another which they call crjs>J)Kl Sandies, and fmelleth well, but moveth nothing to Venery ; divers therefore doe thi.nke that the Ginpdiu'm of cMatthhlttt fhould be 'Scandix as Lngdanenfs fetteth it downe, Cohimna taketh the fiiHcalis ethinato nodsfo fmi¬ ne Bauhini to be Scandix, which how farre they are from veritie or aimed any fhew of reafon this one thing doth declare, that neither Matthiolm his Gingidin mnor Banhimu his Cauca/isviere ever nfed to bee eaten as Scandix was, nor is likely to grow fo familiarly in Greece as Scandix fo wilde a wort; but if I might fpend my opinion in the matter,1 fhould fooner belecve ‘Sellsts his judgement hereof that lived long among the Grecians,(for I ac¬ count the Candiots infpeakingGrcekeand ufing theGreekifhrites,tofceas it were the off-fpringofthe Greeks) and from both their denominations of herbes.and the ufe of them befides his owne both reading and obfervatiom holding the ancient Greeke words although fomewhat corrupted, who fheweth that Scandiki as they ufually call ail herbe that they eate fhould be the true Scandix, then eyther OWattbiolm or Columna, whofe opinionative conceits that he had found out the genuine plants of the ancients.made him mime faireawry in many things, as may be (eene in his Hy (Top e,Polium and divers others the like fo that my opinion is that our Pctlen Venery is not the true Scandix of the ancients, hut a kinde of wilde Chetvill, and not uled to b.e eaten with them or 11s, as the properties alfo do declareibut that Scandici which they in Candy (and as it is likely throughout all Greece alfo)doe take andule for their foode is the true Scandix which we have feldome fecneor [jnownemext what Aiithri/cui of Pliny fhould bee, whether this of Honoritts “Belluifent to Cltefius, or that of Cohimna in his Chapter of Scandix, which I take to be our PiFlen Veneris ; andwhether Bellm his corrcftion of Pliny his defeription be not true which explaneth the matter throughly. eAnthrifcus faith Pliny were the fame that Scandix is, if it had thinner and fweeter leaves, which reading being admitted, Anthrifcw is an herbe that hath broader leaves and not fo fweete in fmell as SMvdix-,which Cohimna as it fliould feeme would have to be the Scandix of ‘Podcnati r.and is our Peilen VemthjVjbkbCchimna commendeib him fo much for his true defeription thereof, and (0 would make our PcfflcnVeneris to be the true Scandix of tlic ancients, which is neither fwette nor uled to be eaten, and all this is I fuppofe becaufe he would have his Anifomarathrum to be a new plant of his cwre finding, and not the nmhrif- cus of Pliny, as others before him had judged ictobie. when as his defeription of Anifomarathrum fheweth it mud be a frecics of the Scandixby the manner of growing and the forme of the feed.-fcut admitting SWl'jw his cor¬ rection of “Pliny that Anthrifcui were thefame.but that it hath finer and (weeter leaves.it endetluhe whole con- troverfie, putting all things without doubt. Iam fomewhat more ample and tedious in the explanati nofthels things then I thought tobe, becaufe they are intricate and various; the firft here is called Scandixby divers au¬ thors, and FeSen Veneritby ochers without doubting or queftioning whether they were true or no : the (econcf Lugduuenfis remembreth, and the laft Banhimu otlely hath made mention of: the other 1 have i hope (ufticiently exprefledittobe called and taken to be the Anthri(cus o( P liny which “B asthmas calleth Scandix cretica minor. T he Vert net. Both Diofcorides and Galen fay that Scandix is fomewhat (harpe and bitter, being hot and dry in the third cfe- gree.and thereby is good both for the ftomacke and belly being eyther eaten raw or boyled : being made into drinke and taken it is good for the Liver, backe and bladder, provoketh Vrine mightily and freeth the inward parts from obftruiftions tit alfo bindeth a loofe body, the feede being taken with vinegar prefently ftayeth che hickock.andufed in anoyntmentit helpeth the parts that are burnt with fire : “Pliny faith that the roote of “PcElcn Veneris beaten with Mallowesdraweth forth (plinters or any other thing flicking in the flefh. Honorim Bellm that the Anthrifctu is ufed in Candy by the people with great delight, not onely becaufe it is pleafant to the tafte but becaufe it mightily provoketh to Venery and helpeth thofe perfons that are weake or fpent therein, and hell peth women to conceive in that it clenfeth the femimary parts. Iiii 3 Chap, TribeS. C a a n XX III. Corutndrum, Coriander. = He ancients formerly knew and fee forth but one fort of Coriander, and fayd that it had no diverfitie & but the later writers have added two more onto it as (hall be (hewed. i Coriandrum vulgare. Ordinary Coriandersi when Coriander fi'rft fpringeth up the leaves are fomewhat broad very like unto Parfley, but aftet up int0 a (hike wh lc h is three or foure foote high, being full growne they are /mailer b ■ • -- -•- — ftand (mall loofe umbclls of white flowers, turning into and finer every one then other up to the toppe, where hand lmall .loofe umbclls of white flowers, turning into roundftrfped hollow feede of a whitifh yellow colour when it is ripe: theroote is fmall and penlheth every veare after feede time : the whole plant, feede and all while it is grecne and growing hath a ftrong and .oath- fome favour fcarfe to be endured, but when the feede is full ripe and dry it is of areafonable good fent and tafte without offence. ^ Conundrum minu, cdorum. The tefle fweet Coriander. This Coriander hath the lower as well as the upper leaves all finely cut in and jagged, the (hikes grow lower not halfe a foote high,and lying almoft on the ground, with white flowers on them and round feede as the other but fuller and greater,and two alwayes joyned together. „ . , D a , Conundrum alterumfxridijfimum. The (linking Coriander. This other Coriander hath fundry fmall (hikes that are five fquare being firme, and not hollow, nor growing Whall the leaves whereof are as fine as the uppermok of the hrft: at the toppes of the flalkes (land luch like mail umbells of purplifli white flowers, after which come round feede like the other, but two alwayes joyned together: the roote is great dying yearely as the other, the fmell hereof is more ftrong and offenfive then the other to the head and lenfes. The Place and Ttrue. The two firfl are onely fowen in Gardens as well row as in ancient times, for Pliny faith it is not found vvildc, their naturall places being not knowne : the lad was lent from Burcinona to Lyon, by c Myconm to Mohntm, who hath let it forth in hiftoria Lugduntnfi : they doe all flower in My and ripen in riugufi. The Nkmes. Tr is cal'ed in Grceke and ko^clvov, and (o in Latine alfo C°rion and Corianon, but ufually ('oriandrum, and derived from *ofv< which is that kinde of noyfome flie or worme that is called Ctmex in Latine,a wall Louie or Punie in H»p/i/&,whofe ftinking fmell Coriander doth much imitate. There hath beene formerly fome contro- verfie betweene Avicen■ and Galen, and others alfo about Coriander, fome condemning the ule as hurtfuli and dangerous by reafon of the grievous fmell, and that it maketh the voyce hoarfc, procuretha kind of frer.ne i. Conundrum -vulgare. Ordinary Coriander. it Conundrum alterum minus cdotum . The lefler fwectc Coiiander. Tribe 8. The Theater of ^Plants. Chap. 24. 919 like unto drunkennefie, and that the juice thereof being drunke caufeth death, and that it is very cold, alltheP- properties the Arabian Phyfitions give it: the correction therefore of the feede they appoint to bee by deeping ic all night in Vinegar.and dryqd up againe to be fafely ufed; but Lobel feemcth to reluie this preparation, faying that the coldnefife of the Vinegar can draw forth none of the foule and (finking fpirits from it, but rather the dry¬ ing of it of it felfe or by the fire, as it is uled when they arc made into Comfits, without any other preparation and then is not found hurtfull but rather comfortable to the ftoinacke, &c. as alfo by the continuall ufc of it in meares and medicines among many countrey people of it (elfe without preparation : and dome commending the ufe be- caufe when the feede is dry it hath a warming, fweete and no noyfome fmell or tade: the noyfome vapours fub- fidingonely in the moydure and not in the drying, as wee may fee in many fruits which being not ripe are Co hard and harfh that fcarle one can eate them without harme, but being ripe are both mellow and fweete, heate oncly working this effeft : the hotter countries for the mod part giving the mellower and fweeter fruit: T he firft is called by all writers Conundrum, the fecond is mentioned by Lobe/, and Dodonam giveth the figure without defeription, Lugdunenjis onely remembreth the lad. The Arabians call it Canberra and Elco’Jbur, the Italians Co. rlandro, the Spaniards Culantro, the French Coriandre t the high and low Dutch Coriander, and we in Engl,Jk Co. dander and Coliander. The Venues. Firft for greet'C Coriander and the cooling qualitie thereof: the juice as is before faid being drunke killeth them that take it: outwardly applyed.it diffalveth knots and kemells, being mixed with Wheate or Barley Flower, as alfo Saint Anthonies fire being ufed with bread, and running and fretting fores, wheales,pufhes and carbuncles,and botches riling in the skinne or fled), and taketh away the fwelling and inflammation of the cods either the j'uice or greeneherbe applyed i the j'uice thereof made into an ointment with Cerufe, Litarge vine¬ gar and Oyle of Rofesdoth the like. Now for the dryed feede of Coriander which is mod in ufe, andbeiw> taken infweete wine killeth the Wormes in the body and encrealeth coiture: it is alfo good againd the Serpentthat is called Amphifbana, eyther drunke or layd to the bitten place s it is very comfortable to the flomacke, by heatin g and drying, the cold and moidure thcreofhelpeth digedion and reprefleth the vapours therein that rife upwards^ and refideth forcible paines of thewindechollicke and thedoppingofVrine: and being a nouriftimentofatem- perate qualitie it helpcth to encreafe both blood and Sperme. Ch*i, XXIIII. Caucalis. Baflard Parfley. B ' F thefe Caucalides 1 have above a dozen forts to expreffe here in this Chapter, fome whereof have fmall fine cut leaves, others arc larger and broad, fome well knowne of a long time to many, and others of later invention. I, Caacalis vulgaris pribus albU. The common Baflard Parfley, _ This Baflard Parfley rifeth up with a fhortdalke, not above halfe a yard high, fet at thejoynts with whitifh rough diveifly cut leaves fmaller thenParilty.furnilhedat the toppes with fmall fweete umbells of white flowers,the outermofl being the greated,after which fucceede divers rough prickly round feede, two al- Wayes j'oyned together .which maketh them but halfe round when they are parted. 2, Caucalis Hijpanica. Spanifb Baflard Parfley. This Spanijb kind bath divers crefled rough dalkes and leaves very like unto the former, but the umbells of white flowers arc fmaller and growing more round together as it were into the forme of a round head, and the feede which folio weth is greater very much ftriped and rough but not prickly as this, it being broken in any part giveth a fweete milke: the roote perilheth after feede likewife but giveth no milke. 3. Caucalis majorpre faturo rubente. Deepc red flowred Baflard Parfley. This red flowred kinde hath larger winged leaves then the former,being divided and cut in after the manner of the leffer Burnet Saxifrage leaves: the flowers hereof are larger then of the fii A and ofan equall bigneffe, but of 3 deepe red colour. 4. Caucalis maxima. The greated Baflard Parfley. This greateft kindebringing forth many upright tall fialkes three or foure foots high or more fometimes, being crefled and hollow within with divers j'oynts on them,and the (hikes of the long and large winged leaves com- pafling them at the bottome, which leaves are large almoft like Angelica leaves, fetby couples on the middle rib and an oddeone at the end,all of them finely dented about the edges,and of a darke greene colour: at the toppes of the (hikes grow Urge umbells of white flowers, (omewhat purpliflior of a blulh colour underneath, after which come very large and flat rough leede,with a double point at the head and prickley, round abouttthe roote is white and Wooddy. 5. Caucalis Anglicapre rubente. Engl fa Baflard Pat fley with red did 1 flowers. ~Vd\%Enghfb kinde groweth about rwo footehigh.ofari Olive greene colour,with a [bong round crefled rough and hairy ftalke.fet at the joyrts which are two or three inches in funder,with leaves three or foure inches long, confiding of feaven or nine narrow hairy leaves fee by couples, fomewhat deepely dented about the edges, the foote of the (hike being a broad thinne skinne or films, and from betweene ir and the [hike come forth lefler (hikes of lea'-es, towards the toppe parted into three or foure branches, which at three inches diftancc doe each of them from one center,Ihoote forth foure,five or fix squall flems about an inch and a halfe long apeece, having a thinne skin running all thelengthofthem,and thetwoinneimoft firings, being ofa darke red colour compoGng a fpokie umbell: at the toppes of each tome grow five or fixe long rough hairy lmall knaps or bottomes crow¬ ned with floWers of a pinkie red colour, confiding of five leaves a peece,the outermofl whereof fhewerh like two by the folding of it inward, and the inner foure with five chives and a double pointed (hew not halfe fo big as it when they are full bio wen: in the center of the flower lye fix or liven fuch like fmall flowers: the Icavrs give milke being broken of little ornotafte ; after the flowers are paft come the feede which are rough burres,flicking to II 1 C?20 ChAP.24-. 7 beatrum ‘ Botanicum . Tri B E to any thing cheyl^hed. like the feede of Hounds tongue, within which ate contained two bruwne feeds like unco hul¬ led Ones but bigger: the roote is imill and long, white and hard, dcrifhing every yeare after leede time. It flowrethm luxe and the leede is ripe in Augujl This may feeme to be the CMualitruiro florefolw Utiore of Label, and th eC*uc*l»ru. befo {lore oi Clufim let forth without dcfcription, but the leaves of theirs are la gcr. 6. Cmc.ilie tenuifiha purpurea. Fine leafed Baltard Paillcy. 1 find in Columxa one other very like unto this lad alfo which he calleth Ecbmofhorx leptopbyUox purpurea ^ut that the leaves as he faith are molt finely cut into mndry parts like unto the wilde Carrots, and the umbells of flowers, and lo the leede ^ter them Hand by three and three at a place, whole kcrnell or feede within is fomewhat like unto hulled Barley. 7 Caucalit arvenfis Utifolia put pur ex. Broad leafed baltard Pat (ley with red flowers. _ This Parflev hath lundry ltalkes of hard rough leaves,divi¬ ded into live parts, each leate being three inches long and an inch broad, deepcly dented in on the edges lomewhatlike unto Oaken leaves tthelfalke is rough and hoary, twofoote lonn (benched that it leemeth Iqua.e bearing inch l.keum- bells as in the lalt (lauding ?. togeiher but their limit Ite ms are fhrrter and thicker, theflowers are red like the former, but greater, having (mail leaves like beards under them : after Which followeth the feede being tmaller then the formera "“ not fo rough, containing luch like feede within them but fmallcr and aroma icall: the rootc is white, hard and aro- maticall. ^ Cxucalie magno frutlnechixato. Baftard Paifley with great pritklcy feede. The leaves hereof arc divided tomewhat like unto thofeof the greater Farfley leafed Dauke, let forth before in the Caucalu vu'garu albit floribut . The common Baftard Parfiey. c. Caucalu Angioa fiore rubentc. Bngtijh uallaid Fai fley wuh ied flowers. The greater and leffer Ballard Paifley with prickly teedes. . Chaptet TheTheater of \Tlarts . Ch a p.124. 921 Tr 1 b e 8 , Chapter of®. woth' and hairy underneath : thedalkeis twofoote high, ajid fomewhat rough, having the like leaves at the joynts upwards but (mailer, bearing (mail umbells of whitifh flowers (landing three together and perfedlinu ufually but rwofeedeson them which are twite a, big as others and more rough and prickly, having a lar^e flat kernell within it: the roote is fmall and white but fome what fweete both in tafle and (niell. g. Cnuealii minor floreruiente. Small Ballard P.rrfley with reddifh flowers. This fmall Parflev hath a fmallcr and Ihort rough (lalke.whofe leaves are divided fomewhat like unto Hemlotk leaves but each of them broader, and the end leafe longed and hairy, allot them dented deepely about the ed¬ ges and of a darke grecne colour,at the upper joynts ot the dalkcs come forth (lender branches bearing fparfed fmafl umbells of reddifh flowers, and fometimes more white, and after them fmall round, rough feede the roote is fmall and white. 10, Cauca/Unodofo eebinato femme. Small Baflard Pi-fly with knotted btirres. This other fmall Ballard Paifley Iverh on the ground with long rough trayling branche ,forne longer then others fet at l'everall diflancesjwith long winged leaves divided in the lame falhion almollas the lad, but iomewhat lefle, beinn rough or crumpled, butnot hairy, andofan overworne or evill greene colour at every joynt al- mod'clofeunto it. arid round about it come forth fmall whitifh flowers out of rough huskes which are alter the (eede, very fharpe prickly and hard : the roote is fmall and ptrifheth every yeare,the feed riling by the falling of, in the fields or gardens whereinto it is brought. 11. CaHcatiefolio Famiciili. Fennell leafed Baflard Parfley. This is both in Aalke and leafe very like unto Fennell, but rifing ieldome above a cubit high, bearing white fweete duelling flowers in umbells at the toppc.fet clofe together, which afterwards give feede that is notrough like the former ■■ and therefore Label that firft fet it forth faith.thac although Anguilara in his time did call it a Caucdis, yet hee liked of the others better then of this : the roote is white growing deepe, and of the tafle of 3 Parfnep. Ij. Catica/u tenuifoliamontar.a. Small Mouutaine Baflard Parfley. The roote hereof is fomewhat thicke and from it rifeth a Aalke of a foote long, divided from the bottome into fmall round fmooth branches, and they againe into !effer,whofe (mailed branches even neere the roote as well as the ochers,beare fmall umbells of very fmall white flowers, and afterwards Imall long lit iped feeder the leaves next unto the roote are divided into very fine and fmall leaves, but chofe above on the Aalke much morefmall 13. Caucalii pumila Hifyanica. Dwarfc Baflard Parfley of Spaine. ThisDwarfe kinde which fW.ju brought out of S paine with a number of other fine feeds rifeth not with us halfe a foote high and lower in Spaine.wbote leaves are very Imall and much divided on thediffe dalkes, hearing fmall umbells of whitifh flowers and after them fmall rough whitifh feede: the root is fmall and annuall;! never law this bearc but once, which was from the firft feede I received from Beet, which was thorough ripe. cf CaacaLU minor {lore rubente Small BaitaidPaiflty wichreddiih flowers. 11 . Caatdhfo lio Fanieit/i. Fennell leafed LJaftard Paifley, g2l Chap.2^. Tkeatmn Botanicum. T R I B E 8. The Place and Time. Thefe forts of Parfley grow in the feverall countries of Germany France ,Spatne, Italy, Sec. and divers of them in our owne Land likewife; and particularly the fife was found in Ltnclnejhire, on the North defeent of the Nonh field of frttbam nigh to Bourne ■ and doe all, have the laft, flower and feede realonable well, but that worft, asIfS!d ' The Name,. It is called in Grceke J^lc, and Cancalia alfo in Latine, either of th zhemilfmcaU feede, or from the noife that the feede will make when it is dry, being token wkh the winds, or from narrow moutheu pots, fuch as the feed's like,that make a noife at the powring of the liquor out of them: thetoll here expreft is the Cancale, alhnfi Sw of Label, the Lappa agrejli, of Tragua, the Lappa/a CamnaPUmj of Angara, the Cancalta oMa tu&r * and Myrrhie Lap a DaleZmpi, of Lngdunenfi, the Caucali, of Dcdonaua Gefner, and others and t K Scheuyhor* Zlrbanccok ohtmr.a-. the fecond is the £W* Bilfanica of Clf» and Cameranm ; and the third the CW„ rawre rubentefloreolC^-, the fourth likewife is his Caucaltamajor,which Bauhmna calleth Cancanmaoeema auleatofemrne :the fifths of our owne country not publiflred exadlly before, although GWfeeme* to have Spho. , ■ „ hint nf ir-he fixt is th zSchimphora Leptophillon of C.hm:the feventh his Echmophora mayor platyphyllos purpurctimdtbccightfovs^chtiophoraalteraalperiorplatycarpos^(o,vthich^a«hinutal\eth Cauca/iiMonJpeliaca IZato macro fie, A, and is the Lappa boar, a Pled, by Lugdunenfi, and the finnedby EarJnnns in his Prodrome ,but the defection is of his nodofi, echmatojemme which is the tenth, as may fo“one be perceived, if they be but compared,and are both growing wildin our own land : the tenth is alfo the Qaucoide, minor of Cord.m in bijtoria , and of Thalia,: the eleventh is the Caucau r of Angenlara, as Label hath in his Advnfana which Lngdunenfi calleth Caucali, Pena, and BauhenmCauca/nfoleo Fenced,n, , the twelfth is Earhinns'hhCaucaVa tend,folia mo Jana ; and the laft I had from Bod by the name of Caucaln mar.j.a Tjenca The Italians ufually doe call Concilia Petrc/cllo falvatico ■ and the germane ,, as Tragus hath it, Feld,oder Ackerkletten, and we in Enclijh Balfard Parfley, rather than wilde Parfley, as the Italians doe. ^ The Vert ties, -Liofcorides in regard that Caere.die was a familiar fallen herbe, and therefore ufed more as meate than medicine oiveth no other proper* belonging to it than to provoke urine, but our later Writers have found outandpub- fitod divers others, as Matthiala, who faith it is comfortable to the heart, and hclpeth the obllruftions of the liver and lpleenc, clenleththe raines and kidneyes, oftheflegmeandmter, gravel! and the (lone which mgen- dereth in them, if the juyee thereof be taken • the feede being drunke (harpeneth the eye-fight and procure* womens conrfes: it is like wife given to men with Miltwafl, and the feede of W*? ^ *e rU nn,ng of the raines: it alfo caufeth fruiffulneffe in barren women, being drunke in wine, sndhelpeth the b,tings of the Tri'on f we underhand it to be the Thornebacke) the Draco marinas, which is called a Quaker, and the fea Scorpion being applied to the wound; if the whole herbe be taken with v.neger after a vomit, it purge* the belly and tore* up a fainting appetite, taking away the evill of loathing ones meate : all the.par ts of the herbe as well feede as juyee, or decoftion being taken, is hclpfull to melanchol.cke perfons, and therefore is good to be given againlt a quartaine ague, and the itch and lcabbes, as alfo tor tne great Irencb difeafe. Chap, XXV. Sclineimfive Apiam, Parfley, Nder this title of Selinum or Apiem, is contained divers and fundry forts of herbes, for with the 1 ancients befidestheSUnwirab? Apium / ) ortenfe i lheybidiraiooiMor'Bal»dapium ofimw.v Ape- \ vieem montan,emr.nor.,rov Petrapinmm Petrofelmum, iaemHhmv BippofelinnmAem,in, (t „. Apian, i I /* ■ i i * i t n • . 1 I - 1 „ J™« ..id fkiOi'c Cr\raa T plimli 11 “ m rro*CV Pc RAW/S 4 plum montancm*, poo™ retrap,,, mot .. . ," vn V l fflveffrt and others, of all which I muff give you the knowledge, and therefore I thmke it fttteftto . dillribute them into feverall Chapters, and to comprehend under eacn all the fpec.es and forts that pertame to tha* ^enas or kinde : and firfl to beginne with the Apium hortenfc, which by an uluail received opinion is our Petrofelmum ,Garden Parfley, whereof I toll fay more in its due place. I. Petrojolinum vulgare. Common Garden Pauley. Common Garden Pa‘ (ley is well knowne to have many ftalkes of frelh grecne leaves devided into fundry parts, firfl, into thr c carts or leaves, and then each of them into three, iarrewhat round and finely (mptabouc the edcee • the (lalke rife* much higher in fome places than in others, according to the (oile wherein it groweth with divers fmaller leaves at the joynts, and flill finer cut, and long like Fennell at the toppe, that one would not thinke them to be the leaves of Parfley ; the flowers are white growing m umbells, and the feede (mall and of a hot and fharpe tafle ■ the rootc is white and long, with fomewhat a rugged barke penfhing after feede time, and aromaticaUas the herbe is alfo and very pleafanttci the tafle andftomacke. 3 . petrofelinumcrifpttm, Curl d Parfley. The curl’d Parfley differeth not in any thing from the former but in the leaves, which although they grow af¬ ter the fame manner, yet they are finely curled, or crifped, or folded in on toe edges, feemmg like a Ruffe or the like. . . . . . _ 2 Vetrofclintim majta jive Virgmutnum. Virginia Parfley. Virainia PaiOcy o V owcth after the very fame manner that the Garden Parlley doth,but larger, having greater (hikes of leaves, let by three and three as in the former but much larger, even as large as Stallage, 3n< J “ a P^ ler or yellower greene colour, the ftalkes, flowers, and feede are alike, bur flill larger, the feede bcm = twife, tf not thrileas biggeas the common, the roote is greater and (hotter, but pcnlheth like it. 4. Pepofelinum Creticum. Candy (tone Parfley. This Pa. (ley ol C- nfi is very like to the ordinary parfley, but letter in every part, having leaves made and cut into fuch like divifions, but leffer and fomewhat thicker, theftalke is like, but (hotter than Patfley, bearing tufts of w hite flowers, after which follow fmaller feede than that of Patfley, but blacker ; the roote is alway es fin^h Tribe 8 . ’The Theater ofTlants, Chap. 25 . 923 1 . Fttrefelittum vulgwc. J. Fetrofelinvm msjus five Virgimnm t Common Garden Parfley. Virginia, Parfley. that is but one, of the thickneffe of ones thumbe, long, and covered with a thinne blacke barke or rinde that ma j eafily be rubbed off with ones finger,being white underneath,and of a lweetift, tafle.like unto the Earth Cheinut, being often eatenby the Natives, and liveth after feede time, (hooting forth anew every yeare. There is an other of this k nd which differeth in nothing from it, but in the colour of the roote,which is reddifii on the outfide, and not blacke as the former: this flowreth and feedeth earlier than others,and is called oAgriopaftica by the countrey people in Ca»dj,tbat is .fjlveftri, Pajlinaca, but hath no likeneffe to a Palnippe, but in that it is fit to he eaten. Ci¬ thers there, as Honoris Bcllm faith, doe call it Saxifragict, and ufe it as Saxifrage: but he himfelfe faith it doth come neareft unto the Bufelinon defcribedbyJVw; in/i*.*o.c.iespecially that with thered roote, andhath the fan e vertues that the ordinary hath. The Place undTimc. Thefe doe all grow in gardens onely in our Ladd; theinaturall place of the firft being not ccrtainely knownc, but the fecond is of the Hand of Sard*, and the third, as the name fheweth, was fent out from Virginia ; the lad in Candy : they perfeft their feede in Augufi, but the laft earlier. ' The Names. It is, as I (aid, by acontinuall received opinion held by moft,thac this Parfiey is the oihmv eai?mm,Apiumh( a very fharpe taftealmofl burning the mouth and of a fweete lent, but fo bitter withall that it may well bee accounted the mod bitter of all the kindcs ofParfiey. , , _ The Place and Time. The firft is thought originally to come from Candy amoVenice where they have fowen it,and takin° it to be the cmresWj Parfley, have ufedit m their difpenfatioftsfor MithridaummiThsriaca Andromacht and have fo much efttemed of it that they are loath to let any good feede come from them that might grow’in any other place.befides the unreafonable price hath bcene fet upon it hath made it the more efleemed and fought after V ec I have had it growing in my garden and from it have gathered good (lore of feede in one yeare, but the htff rootes perifhing I could not get againc any to Ipring from the feede that I gathered, being as it fl-.otild feeme not iufficient ripe, nor could I get any outlandifh feede lince to grow with me againe : the other grovveth as Lu,da. nenfis faith on the rockie hills of qratianopolis, and as Column* faith on the hills of [amyeelamfu and tAEyuifoli \ they feede late with us. The Names, T abitu Column* hath much commented upon thefe two kindes ofParfiey, concerning the firfl hee laboureth to prove it to be the fecond Daucus of Diofcorides, from the forme of the leaves thereof like unto Aputmagrefic as he compareth his fecond unto,and not to the feed as the qualities of fwcttnefle,fharpenclTe and heate might import- but in the defeription of this Parfley Column* alTimilateth the leaves unto Apium vulgare (and not to Avium apre/f'e as Diofcorides doth,which is rhat herba Sardinia called Apium rujus, for other uAmum agrtfle is not fet downe by Diofcorides in any place that I can finde j our common Parfley which although it doe, ‘yet other authors have as likely herbes as this, and as agreeable to the fecond Caucus of Diofcorides in all things I thinke, but becaufe nei¬ ther Z)io/ierides nor any other ancient author hath given any defeription of the leaves,&c, of the Fetrofeliuum Macedoxictm more then of the feede,and that Pliny faith it differeth in the kinde, it is a hard matter to determine any certaintie upon fo fliort a relation, all being buc conj'eftures that can be faid in it, which may as likely niilfe as hit.Concerning the other he faith that the Neapolitans where it groweth call it Auetbum[ylveftre , and others Saxifrage from tlTe effefts.But that the firfl Ihould be Petrofclinum MacedonicH,AIatthiolw,Lobel,Dodon £ Hs Caller Dur antes,LugdUnenfs and Tabermontamu doe all call it as it was in their time held to be,and flill continucth the fame opinon and not undefervedly as I thinke,both the forme of the leaves flowers and feed.fo nearely refembl/ntj the other kinds of Sclinon or Apia declaring it,but efpecially the qualitie of the feed being anfwerable to the pro¬ perties that Cyalen doth appropriate it. And for the other it alfocommethneareunto that relation of Pliny concer¬ ning Petrofclinum, that it was another kinde,differing from the other cApi* Paifleys as this doth,in the forme of the leaves being finer cut then any of them, but fomewhat more like in the lharpenelTe and bitrernefle of the fifed and therefore faith Column* it may be ufed in the want of a better in head of the true Fetrofeliuum CMacedonicum or untill a truer may be had out of Macedonia or Epirus. Put Bauhiuus callethit Apium montanum folio tenuiore The Tertties, Thetru c Petrofclinum faith Diofeorides provoketh urine and womens counts, and is profitable againfl ths win* and belchings of the flomacke and againfl: the winde Collicke alfo, and eafeth the griping paines and tor¬ ments of the belly, as alfo the paines in the Tides and the raines and in the bladder being taken in drirke, itispu" alio into thofe medicines that provoke urine. The feede ofthis (lone P arfley faith Cyalen is mod in ufe, the herbe and roo.e alfo is ufed alike, but are of a weaker propertie but the leede is very fharpe in tafle and bitter alfo hoc in qualitie, and of a cutting propertie withall, and hereby it mightily provoketh urine and womens courfes ’ and driveth forth wir.de,and is therefore hot and dry in the third degree. This faith Galen j n l,b . 8. fimphcinm'medi-, camentorum : but in his firfl booke de antidotis he doth profccLite this fub/ed more fully, which although itbee fomewhat large,yetlam the more willing to infert it here for young (Indents fake, that they might be acquain¬ ted with q«lens minde (who was in his facultie almoft abfolute) in this matter: As concerning Petroflirmm fl 0 ne Parfley (faith he) thebeft isknowne to all to be that of Macedonia, which feme call alfo Eflreaticttm, impofine’ that name from the place wherein it groweth : yet it is but very little that groweth there, the place being very dangerous by rocks and fmall in compaffe withall : and therefore this Macedonian hone Parfley that is of Eflrt- «n',and carried unto all nations (is but (mail in quantitie to be had in theeountrey of Aiacedenia it felfebut it hap. peneth to this (tone Parfley of Macedonia, in the like manner that fallcth out with thehony of Athens and the xvine of Falerno. For as the Merchants doe export into all countries of the world the Athenian bony and the Falerno wine,lb doe they this (lose Parfley of dMacedonia, when as there doth not grow (uch a quantitie thereof in Oflacedonia as may fuffice all nations: but there groweth much of this Paifley in Epirus, as there is much ho¬ tly gathered in the Hands called Cyclades or Sporades (which are iu the cAgran Seajand as the hony is carried from the lies to Athens, fois thisftone Parfley firfl brought out of Epirus into Macedonia, and much of it if not all into Theffalonica, and from thence is carried forth as ll it were of Macedonia : the fame thing happeneth to the wine Falerno, for growing in a fmall peece of ground in Italy called Falerno , ytt cunning Marchants doe fo prepare the wine that they carry to all the fubjedl Nations of the Romane Empire that they make it feeme the very fame of Falerno. If you therefore at any time (hall want this EJlreaiicutn Petrofclinum, doc not eftceme the Treakle the worfe ifyou fliall put thereinto others: for although another is not fo fit againfl deadly poyfons or the bitin^s of venemous beads, yet againfl other dileafes it may be not a little profitable, fuchasarethe paines and torments inthebodyorbowells, the weakeneffeof the flomacke, theDropfie and divers otherfuch like, which dileafes theTreakleschiefeintentdothnotpromifetocure. Andbefidcs this EjireatittumTctrofelinum doth make the Treakle more bitter, efpecially being ufed while it is frefh, for it differeth from other done Paffleys, in that as it is moll fharpe fo it is mod titter of all other Parfleys the feede whtreofis thus deferibed from ‘Diofcorides Galen and Pliny, wihout any relation of herbe, that it differeth in kinde from all others,the feede being like unto 'Ammi Bifhops weede which is whiter and Idler then Cumin feede, but of a bitter fijnt, of a fharpe talfe, and fmelling aromatically,and as white flower.swbichturne into tmal er feede then Pa ll y . 4 the roore is greater but not fo long and {lender, with * number, ofblack.lh fibres, fet thereat! the whole ht*e“d r ooteis ftrongin fimell.and much more unpleafant and bittet in tafte then Garden Parflcy.not to be endured to be eaten alone, but being boyled and other wife dreiled it lavoureth better. 2. Sehmm five Apium dnlce. Sweete Selinum or Smallage. _ The fweet Smallage or Paifiey call it which you pleale, srowethup in the fame manner that the former Smallage doth but larger then it. the leaves likewise are larger but not of fo deepe a greene colour the flowers and feede hkewife are like thole but fomewhat larger: the roote is great and long with divers fibres fet thereat, white and much more lappie and pleafant than eythcr Smallage orPaifley.with a very war¬ ming and comfortable rellifh alfo nothing offenfive, but the whole herbeis fo pleafant as if Sugar had beene mixed with it This both rellifh and forme wee have found it hath held for the firfto. fecond yeare, the feedehath beene fowen with us that commeth from beyond fea, but as fweete Fennell doth degenerate more and more in our Land, and onely contmueth fweete in warme countries, fo doth this, the leaves abode- cay in their verdure and become nothing lo rreih, but are more fallen or fad like Smallage. The Place and Time, The firftgrowetb naturally in wet and marfh grounds, but if it be planted or fowen in gardens ir there proipereth well. the other is familiar in Greece and Italy, where they eatc it with m-eat delight both herbeand roote,and is onely lowen and replanted in all thofe places,- the naturall place being not knowne to us: they both abide greene all the winter and feed in z/iugHfl with us. The Names. The Greeks call the firft ex*u®rfMw Eftofehnon which the Greeke word: Selinon in Greeke is al- Latines render PtlmUpwm or Apium palufire, and 1 “ 1 'y ame F ■ hj w hich doth demoftftrate his kind as f w T ayes rendered dp.tun in Latme,and thereunto is added the ot p ’ mneernine the Greeke and Ara- fayd before in the firft divifion of thefi eApia : but as I g«« you t “* lhe Ar abian authors,whom the Apo- b\an acceptation of Apitwtj fo let it here be obferved alfo that Af Smalla«e when asetfe Apium i* thecarics fhoppts have moft followed in their appellations,is to be un ei taludre and SUofelinttm by T)o - the Sreekes S'lmon: and therefore it is by rnofl writers called Aptum »»d 4 »»» f batb becnC cJifpcr- or Petrofelinum crifpumh fo naturally growing in Sardinia, and from thenc but for Apin ’» S/w»- fed.The other is mentioned by Bedoniut in his obfervauons.yet taking it as c doth,who would alfo taneum altered by art of tranlplanting,&c. to make ir to be called Geofehnum as Qt*- ■ , . t0 be A pi- (a, I fuewed you before make our common Pal (ley to be Petrojelmtim Mace on <■ • ) ^ b aU / w ;,_ um hortinfe, whom Colntn^^ doth much inculcate for it •’ it is generally caked —c ‘JJ .„hi c h as I favd you ans and Greeket hkewife in their countries. I called it before Selinum Attlee, fweet Par cy, Italians Apia may ey ther doe fo or call it fweete Smallage which you wrU.The Arabians -call S f nal , he Germans paluftre and A pio aepuatico, the Spaniards Ferexil da qua aed Apto^he French Ac ache, and i f Fpfickjmd Eppick^lbe Dutch Eppe. Pliny hath erred much and caufed others to follow his trafl.in following and allowing Cbry. fui their writings, by miftaking the various acceptation of the word Apinm of th* Latme Jn j The Theater of T Lints, C H A P . 280 pij turn pa - Falling Tribe, 8. and from the Arabians,hr he doth referre that to the Apium hortenfe, which isT^wd'e,-flood of this Api, /ullrc,viz.. that it is an enemy to the eye fight,condemned as not fit to be eaten : that it would breec'e the I aiuntr fickneffe and many other fach like things, which if they were true of Smaliage whereof very lew doe beleeve their u ritings.yet can beno way trueofPatfley in any part Smalageis hotter ai d dryer then Parfley and is much more mcdicmablc : for it much more openeth the obfirudions both of the Liver and Splecne rarifieth thicke flegme and clenfeth it and the blood wthall: itprovokethurme and women, courfes and is Angular good againft the yellow laundies: it is alio very effedtuall againfl ten,an and quartame agues, if the Juice thei eot bee taken, but efpecially made into a Sytupe: the juyee alfoput to hony of Rofes and Lome Bailey water, is very good to gargle the mouth and throate of thole that have fores and Vlcers in them,and will quickly hea e' them: the fame lotion alio doth derfe and heale all other fowle Vlcers and Cankers eile where,if they he it ail ed there¬ with : the feede is efpecially ufed to breake and eStpell winde, to kill wormes and to hclpe a (linking breath • the roote is effeftuall for all the purpofes aforefaid, and is held to be fironger in operation then the herbe but espe¬ cially to open obflruftions.and to rid away an Ague it the Juice thereof be taken in wine,or the dtcoftion thereof in wine bee takenfaith it hath an efpeciall propertie again!! the poyfon of Spiders. The fwcete Smaliage is chiefely uled as a Sailer both herbe and roote eaten eyther raw or boyled ; the roote being (craped is iliced and fo eaten with oyle and vinegar, it much warmeth a cold llomacke to digeft their meate,and helpeth cold windy bodies to cxpell winde. Chap. XXVIIl: Oreofelinonfive Apium montanum, Mountaine Parfley. : Have three forts of mountains Parfley to (hew yon in this Chapter as they are taken by the Judicious^ i and thereunto referred. I. Apium montanum vulgatitu. The more common mountaine Parfley. The firfl mountaine Parfley hath r ivers reddifh (lalkes of large (pread leaves, divided into fnndry parts lying like a bufh on the ground next the roore, very like unto Garden Pai ficy but fomewbac arger fmelling well, from among which rileth up a fhort fla ke of about a cubit height, with divers the like leaves upon it, branching towards the toppe, and bearing thicke tufts of white flon ers, after which come fmall leede like Smai- lage fmelling fomewhat fweetc (harpe in calte and bitter withall: the roote is long great and thicke with a bufh ofhaires at the toppe being (weete fharpe and aromaticall. a. Apium montanum v crises. The truer Mount’ine Parfley. This other mountaine Parfl-v fhooccth forth a hollow kcxie flalke in fome places, tall and high in others, thor? and low according to the foyle wherein it groweeh, bea- ring fundry large fpread leaves cut and divided fomewhat like unto the leaves of Hemlocke bearing umbellsof white flowers, and after them fomewhat long blackifh leede, like unto Cumin feede. being fharpe in rathe and fweece in fmell: the roote is fmall long and white. 3. Apium montanum Pan/ienfitm. The Tdrifians mountaine Parfley. The Parijtans mountaine Parfley hach a large, thicke, whiteroote, tailing and fmelling much like unto theroote of Herbe terrible,‘the whole herbe doth refemble Parfley lying thicke bufhing on the ground, theumbell - of flow¬ ers a, e white and the feede is fharpe in tafle, but fmelling very fwcete. , The Tluce and Ttme. The firfl groweth rteare unto Vienna in Auftria as Clufi- ,n faith and on the mountaincs among the rockes in Ger¬ many and other places the next is found in tire borders of the fields on the mountaincs of Burgmdie.. thelall on the fand.y top of the surene hill by Taru s they flonfli in the Summer,and give leede loone after. The Names. The Greekename SpsMtAnw is given tothefe plants, and fo likewifc Oreofelinum and Apum montanum in Latine, although the firfl and the lad differ; as well in Icafc as in the feede from Diofcoridcs defeription of it, and yet is called Oreofelinum of many, whereas the feco'-d onely commethnearefltothettue Oreofelinum both1 in .cafe and feede -.The firfl is called Oreofelinum by 'Dodonau, (who alfo faith it is called by the 'Hlefans Veelgutta : 1. mules torn good for many things) Lobehmd Clujiue, and by Lug. dunenfis Oreofelinum maim and Apium montanum Dalc- champij : the fecond is the Oreofelinum ahud of Lugdunen- fii, the fecond Selinum pcregrmm of C lupus, is Bate - Aaiwfetteh itdowneand by himl'dfe zApium peregnnum . Cicuta folio • ] have as Iprelmnerighth rc‘c"td ir tobee t he vent Oreofelinum of Viofcorsdes, agreeing fo well thereunto:thelaft is called alfo by Lugdmenfit Oreofelmu”> Panfienfmm, and by Basok,nm Apium montanum nigrum. I’Kisi 1. /ipiutn montanum iulgatm. The more common mountaine Parfley, 528 C^£iAP« 30 » Tbeatmm Botanicum. RIBS 8 . ' The Tenues. , . lorcerides faith that themountaine Parfley provoketh urin£, if the roote and feede he broken m wine ? ■fhritipeth downe alfo womens courfes,and is put among thole medicines that are madetoexpel gr^rcl ,and hofe^ thatd“ me any old par:.G«/« faith it is in working like unto Stallage,but more tfietaH. rh,. pud of the’ fecond decree, that it doth extenuate and make thinne the tnicKe gruns ciamuiy iiouiuoms, thatltcutieth tough Segme, openerh obflruftions of the liver and fplecwe, and P'! 9 ' r ?^ ct |l ^ hi th^mouth 'ft pdleth the Rone, moveth womens tourfes, nnd helpeth the yellow jaundife, and being chewed in the mouth, it draweth much water and fpittle into the mouth, and eafeth the tocth-ach. Chap. XXIX* Thjftdwum five Apium /jlvcftre, Wilde milkie Parflfy. His kinde of wilde Pariley, hath fundry large (plead leaves, j? mE what reremblinggar- ^ den Paifiey, but they are divided intomore parts, and each divifionhath fwaller leaves, Tbyfelimim fins dpium fylwflrt. from among which rifeth up an hollow ftfjked flalke a yard high, reddifh toward (Irakcd flalke a yard high, rediliih toward vvildc Milkie Parflcy. f/'isSKl the bottome, fometimes with the like Y leaves at the joynts where it bran- t c hcth forth diverfly, bearing large thicke umbells of white flowers, redd;(h on theone fide and pale 6 n the other, and after them fat feede, fomewhat like unto Patineppe feede, but alittleleflehotin talle, and fomewhat aro- maticall, the roote fpreadeth divers long firings, blackifh with¬ out, but white within,and deepe into the ground, fomewhat like unto the Maim Spignell, and abideth many yeares. The whole plant and every part thereof, yeeldetha milkie juyee, if it be broken in any part. The Place and Time. It groweth in moifl and marihy grounds, and water-courfes, and much alio in the moift woods where Alders doc grow •* it flowreth in lane and luly, and feedeth foone after. The Names. Both Tliofcorides ZcTbcophraJlus have a etaUop ccypiov Apium fyluejlre, but they differ much one from another, for THojcori- des his is that kinde of Tanmcuhu, hee calleth Herb* Sardima 1 but Theephreftta doth not number his among his other Selina. and peradventure may be this that hathbeene referred both by 1 'Dodtmaus and Label unto the Tkytfclinum ot Pliny, which Le- idcsV.cih Tbyffclinon Plinij, fuppofing the name 1 hjjfelirwn, bet¬ ter to agree with the forme of this plant as comining neeteflto a Selimm, hut howfoever if it be not the fame with Tliny his Thyjfclimm itcommeth foneare it, that no other is yet found fo neate, efpecially in the forme of the leafe and property of the roote as you fhall heare by and by; Lobel and ‘Dodonaw doc both: y that this was in former times ufed in all ihefhoppesof the Low Countries in (lead of Meum. taking it to be the right; and theiefore Dodoneus did alfo call it Apium (ylveftre ts Lug- dunenfis doth likewife; Cjefner in Isortu callcth it Daucus palu- flris, and Cordiu in bifloria Olfenichium from the german word Ofenich, whereby they fo called it; Batihinus calleth it Apium fjtveftre LPleo fneco turyens ; and thereupon I haveentitulcd it in Englijh, Wild milkie Parfley.to dillinguiih it from other forts of wilde Paifiey. The Vertues . The roote hereof is hot and drie in the third degree, which being chewed in the mouth, draweth downe much flegme from the head to be fpit out, and eafeth the tooth ach : and this quality, Pliny faith, the roote of his Thjf- fehtim is endued withall: the other properties appropriate to the other kinds of Apium are no doubt to be found herein, and that to no leffc effeft, as both to extenuate, cut, and open, and to provoke urine, and womens courfes Chap. XXX. ScltKUmfive Apiamfiregrinum. Strange Parflcy,’ His flrangc Parfley hath from along whitifh roote, fharpe in talle, well fmelling.and taRing like Parflcy, gSrjjSa growing wooddv, and perifhingafter feede time, divers longfialkesof leaves lying or, the ground, EXLilViJ which are alrsoft round, yet a little pointed and dented about the edges,fiveufually and mote alio, yet ” J *‘ fometimes but three on the [hikes, let by coupfes and of a fad gteene colour, the flalke, is llraked and hollovv rtireE or fourefoote high with divers leaves, (hooting from it, divided much, and into long parts, and branched likewife, at the toppef whereof grow umbells of fmaU white flowers, bowing downe their heads al- „on.Tnhle hefore thev rife to be in flower, which better expreffed in the former figure, after which come very Cufede^ but quttke and hot and ofagood fmell: this by the fbeddingof its owne feededoth eafi.y abide in a garden <«detherein. This oroweth, faith Chfm ,in the borders of the Vineyards, and by the paths and wayes f.de in the countrey of sJLalca in Spain,, and that it flowreth in My, and the feede is ripe j.h but .with us it is more late be- foreitri P en ' The Names. n u r m who found it in Spain, called it Selmampereerimm, and is the firft with him, Sauhmm calleth it Apmm per, Jinum foil fabronmdi*-, and is the third Saxifrage, of CefalpmHs, and the third D assess of V,ofcor.de, wit h Colama, which he mketh the fecond with Phny. The yertues. The qualities of heate and drineffe perceived in the tafte of both leaves and route, bu t especially of the feede doth argue it to be no lefle c^Suall to provoke urine, and to helpc tobreake and to expe l .lie (tone than fomeof the former Pa.fleyes, and befides may bealfo good for other d.feafes as they are formerly rtm.-mbred, and the name of Saxifraga alfo, as CefalpinM giveth it, fheweth the fame : the.e things are probable, although we have, had no certaine experience by triall. Chap. XXX. HippofcUnon five Smyrnium. Allilandcrs. *Mder this title of Allifanders,! muft comprehend two forts of hetbes/eachof them called SmWm- \Hm , and the laft Ocric»w, asfhallbe lliewed. I plinpofelinum five Smprmum valgare. Garden AUilanders. 9 Our common garden Allifanders groweth the greateft of all the Selma mentioned by the old authours, having divers large fpread leaves; cut into many parts greater and rounder than Srnai - atTlnd ofadarkeqreene colour, and dented about the edges, of fomewhat an hot and fp.cie tafte, anda.utle bitter withall, the ftalke that rifeth up amongft them is th.cke and round, a yard high and better, with .undry leaves on them, patted into fmaller divifions, with branches alfo rilingTrom the joynts, each bearing large tufts or umbells of white flowers, and after them great blickifh feede not full round, but a little uiakecIon thebacke, hot and bitter, as the leaves and roote alfo is, which is great, thickc, long, and blackifo on the outfide, fpreading into many parts underground,and whiSilh within. ^ ^ k , smyraiaaf H. refooie S hiotor betted utualf having at the joy net whole,and ahr, oft round leavts.yet lornenmes longer that, I, 1 • |.-in, (.. c e ^hom the bi°neffe of Radifh feede : theroote is at the firlt almofi: round, as bigge as g eat pea e, fn: „■ a r (he as. he t irmer hath, cfpeciallv in our coumrey.hut as fome might thmke that it rain auerea it c qua UrTe.vet Fa '-.'<» C faith,that even in Naples where it isnaturall it hath no ^^" ^^’eTv^ whkh , cither „h us. Bauhhw maUeth another fort hereof,the difference only confiding inthe' S,nt fe^ and areTongtr than the other and more cut in, both which forts hath rifen in my garden from one kinde of feede, and therefore 1 hold them to be both one, and make no morediffering torts. The Place and Time. , „ The firft hath be. ne found wilde in Cimc of the lies about our own Land by Mr JVW.am the, a in his time, s ho gave me and Mr. WsViom Cm a famous Gentleman, and a great o er of plants me o the :... :e ... SPOIL g it to be differing from the common lort, but after they were growenu,,, w e all wd. V v nodi 1 tip it is ufual’y fovven in all the gardens of Europe, as fane as 1 heare, where they have it thcr came from Card,. They both fldwer in /«« or My, and the feede is ripe in 4 »g»Jt- The Names. .... ;-Greet e is called Hippo/elimm alio in Latitie, Caw rendereth it Fejuaptm, becaule, as I .aid it is the -treated of all other their Sclim/Piofcmie, faith it was called by feme in his time *(« Smjlnim he taitb the true Sm V is an other herbe, v hich he described in the Chapter following, «A ™ ” Crsticm, - here is fome conrroverfre among Writers about this Hyppofelmam- firft, whether n lhouM be^i e true Hyppof'Umn, oi V,ofcor.de, or no, then whether it or tl e other Smyrmum (rmcHm be ojemil OHIO : for the firft, UManhia/* fliew eth the errour of Rxelhw m taking the Palssdapmm to be the Foolifh Hemlocke or counterfet Parfley. This fmall Hemlocke nfeth not a yard high, with whiter and 1 mailer ftalkes not fpetted at all: the Ieavefc are much lmaller comming neare unto Parfley, fo that many are miflaken in gathering or.e for another, being often found as a wilde weedc in gardens of a paler greene colour, and with tew branches, the flowers and feede are both white as the roote is, but fmall, and perifhing every yeare-* the fent hereof is much lefle or offen- five. (flent ariamaxima. The greateft Hemlocke. 1 his Hemlocke hath much larger winged leaves than the former, thicker fet, more fpread, andofafadder greene colour (for the Imell wheieof, which L'bel callcth a fatidiffima, I that have had it growing in my garden for many yeares could never take offence by the Imell of it, if it c the fame that Lobel meancth) the Italkeis great, but rifeth not io high as the common lort doth, and bearcth large umbells of white flowers, where after¬ wards grow large and thicke white crooked feede ofno ill lent that ever I could perceive : the roote is very great and white both growing deepe in the ground, and fpreading many great branches therein, which fometimes di- eerr after it hath given feede, and yet not alwayes, but at fometimes, andinfome places will abide. Lobel\\zxh joyned to this another, which he callcth maxima Bra»cionii t but he himfelfe doubteth whether it be not the lame with this laftj and ther fore 1 tlunke good to make no further mention of it. 4, CicittariayalaTtritalba, White wilde Hemlocke. The white wilde Hemlocke hatha white long thicke roote like Fennell, but divided into many parts, being of a fvveete lent, and r.n hot fharpe tafte, from whence rile divers ftalkes of winged leaves much cut in on the edges, among which rifeth a (lender branched and crumpled ftalke, a cubit high, bearing umbells of white flowers, and long blackc well Imelling feede, after tafting fharpe, two alwayes joyned together with a fmall thread be- tweene them. 5. Cieutariapalufiris rubra. Red wilde Hemlocke. This other red Hemlocke hath a thicke blacke, and jointed roote with divers fibres thereat, the leaves are in forme like the la ft, cut larger, and not .o much cut into parts, and paler of colour, the ftalke is round and joynted a tootc i.i^b, bearing flat umbells, with pale red, or blulh ftovvers, and long blacke feede after them, fweetein Imell and fharpe in rafte. 6 c icutariapaluftrii tenuifolia. Marfh or Water Hemlocke. T ic : (la or Water Hemlocke hath a great thicke hollow ftalke, two or three cubits high, full of joynts and caves at them,at the joynts with the leaves which arc cut into divers parts fomewhat like unto Parfley but fmal- i r thc u ches U P co thc top P e ’ bearin § fma11 “mbells of white flowers, the feede is fweete in fmell and blacke, fomewhat greater than Amfeede : the roote is long and blackifh, with fundry joy ms and fibres growing from them. 3 3 7- CicHtaria bulbofa. Bulbous rooted wilde Hemlocke. i his bulbous H emlocke hath divers ftalkes of fine cut leaves, more jagged than the upper leaves of Pai fley, and camming fomewhat neare unto the Bnlbocafianum, Earth Chcfnut leaves, of a little fharpe hot tafte, the ftalke is a foote -r.-•-.V. i,„;H ff thicke and knobbed joynts and leaves at them, at the toppes whi.-reof a foote and fometimes a cubit high, hi g (omcwhat long feede like Chcrvill leede: the roote is pound flandeth an umbell of white flowers, “ . d Arijtolocbia Birthwort, knobbed or bunched .lorth and tuberous, fomewhat hke unto the roote ol he rouna ^ a Plr(nep rootc> but growing f 3me „ m firfi sro ..,b i. «■ cond is found as well abroad alfo as gj^ t [j C fi xt by our Thames fides in many place;; and iheTkc Riven fide d s b our'owne Land, and the laft as Cl*fm faith in Hungaria and Auflria, both wilde abroad and in their gardens, they all flower and feede in ]t is called *e >in ^^^J^fatcnetras ^udu^^t^Ha'camMwm^^u^s^'e’clarat’^NicMider’^Uti^iin^ umur,tau q uamc,rcumagamur a ‘"t'b v al l writets, yet calleth it Cicutaria, the feoondia Ctcttta. 1 he firft is calle ten a Cicutaria fatua by Lobel, Jptum cicutariunt by Thaliw >P ttrofelinum. the Cicutammor ofCw Hfan . l„ m bvTraew andApij cumcivitmm by Gefner in kortrs: the tbiird ia Cammmby 7 ■abermoutam,,,rof ; max ' ma Brandon *by Label, for as 1 laid he judgefh them both called Oc«t m «te^/^^, ;; and ^Lugimunfis and others S'f'U PeloponenJ* one, and C tent,v m Myrrh* by > , ( llD nofe, as I faid befoie : the fourth and fift is calfed by! which LcW contradiaeth, U^wn ^ m ^ C “ fc tl Jp c „ m Se/efianum of Camera,in, alio as Bauhmu faith, the fixt la fiore purpurea, and palujlr* by Label and others, called Cicutapaluftru an ? J W 11 ^ are fourc timCs 06 lat?e \t\iMs the former,not diftcring clfe, J\djrTbit T R I B E 8. TheTbeater of ^Plants, CHAP.33. 935 i CMyrrhU filter* mm. The letter fweet Chervill.' The letter fweete Chervill is fame what like the former,but the whole winged Ieafe is much Utter, and divided into fewer and letter leaves alfo, and fofter in handling, the ftalkes are lower and the umbells of white flowers Safer nL fade that followeth is long but much Imaller.and not blacke but tailing neare unto the former s the rooteisabu(hofma„ y blackilhfibr« Wi lde fweete Chervill. • The wilde fweete Chervill islikewile a low plant.and not much differing from the laft m the forme of leaves buTthat it is fomewhathaity and whiter,the flowers are white, but in more tnmne and pa ** “mad., anJ the This kjnde ofaChervillis f^ike in leafeuntothe commmi ^mfake,^hatbeforert be^grown^u^tollalke it deceiveth many that gather it for leaves which are letter come forth fmall tufts thatofHemlockeisbut whitiflr.. att joy ■>' , j a j| ^ umbelliferous plants faith Co/awva which wet of white flowers,and not at the ttAkes a^n afam^r umbem ^ wiA , , ; nC have not obferved in ours, after which he ^de tolfawem wn.^^ & ^ ^ » and of an aro ^ icall (harpe fufecte tafle'^mhced with a bitternette as cV*w*« faith with them but nothing fa much with us: the roote is fmall long and white, not bigger uliially then a Par eyroo e y g> 8 The Place and Time. there about:.as Lobelia ft Colnmm found upon fame of the hills in Naples, in hone and is likely to be naturall of thole a “° , fideS) in the ^lds fometimes and wallsfides. and we have often feene it growing with us in watte places Dy way nuc., m ° The Names. .... . „ , ,, ..._ j Mvirhis at'd CM'yrrha likewife in latine, in imitation of the. rhiza from the likeneffe unto Smjrmum , as before the Smyrmum was likened to MyrrkislovacMo cMicUrefel, 1 / rr ■ r iiipo-cfl'f. >Vie \paves and ofdomc Conil(MS\ the nrft lsccncrally ca'lscl um meonum and fame Cieutana from the likenefle otjtheieaves.anu o 1 m „„ r f. MyrrLby moll authors, yet AntmUra callcth it SefehVelepomnfe, and isCefalpmvs his C mu an a term and by Care folium Hijpamcum.tniby Bauhinw Mjrrhi, myW vet Ocutan* wfe-OM: the fecond tuie/ca^ leth Myrrhu altera farm and Cttmereriut Myrrhis fativa minor ; and is the fecond Ctcutarta ofCtfidp^m, and by gSir ; rt^hud is the MynhU of tmhffm anti others whtch C ~"ar,*M <^6 Chap. 34. Tbtatrum Botanicum . R I B E fjlveJlrio,ind Gefner in hurtle Cicutariafimlie Ckuta berbmhtf. grew in the fields, and was not hurtful! which £««£<»»,’calletll Myr’bit fylvepit femimbw kvibva, becaufebee caflech the laft :Mjrrhii [yl. /*'»*, afjscrir, which Colttmna called Alyrrhisfylv , nova ^/£quicolorum&v\d I have added to the title Anglicannm becaule it is lo like his. The Italians call it MiTrkida, the French PerfiUape, the Germans Wilder kerf ell, the Dutch w ilde KerveHand we in fnplijh [weetc Chervilhgreat CherviLl and fweet Cicely. The Vcrtues, Galen faith that Myrrhis is hot in the fecund degree with iome tenuitie of parts: both leaves, feede, and rootes are fb fine and pleafant in Sailers as no other is comparable to it. and give a better rellilh to arty other herbe is put with it: the feedes while they are frefh and greene diced and put among other herpes make them tafte very pleafant; the roote boyled and eaten with oyle and Vinegar,or without oyle it any miflike oyle, doth much pleale and warmc a cold or old ftomacke oppreffed with flegme orwindc, orthofethat have the TiflickeorCon- fumprion of the Lungs: the roote drunke with wine is aremedy againtt the biting of the venemous Spider Pha- langium, as alto the Plague or Pcftilencc *. the fame alfo provoketh womens courles, and expelleth the afterbirth: it a]fo procureth an appetite to meate andhelpethto expell winde : thejuice. is good to healethe VIcersofthe head and face • the candid rootes of this Chervill are held as effe&uall as Angelica to prelerve the fpirits from in¬ fection in the time of a Plague, as alfo to warme and comfort a cold weake ftomacke. Chap. XXXIIH. . Levijlicum vulgare. Ordinary Lovage. ) Avingfiniflied the two former rankes or order of umbelliferous plants, I am come now tofpeake '1 of the third and laft fort which is of fuch as have broader leaves like Panax or Angellica : and be- caufe I could not well place the Lovage among the Selina or /fyw although it be mod like unto 1 them, and not to be accounted one of them, let n c fet it in the forefront of this b.oad leafed or¬ der,whole defeription is thus. It hath many long and great ftalkes of large winged leaves, divi¬ ded into many parts, fomewhat hke unto Smallage, but much larger and greater, every leafe be¬ ing cut about the edges.broadeft forwards and fmalleft at the ftalke, of a fad greene colour, fmooth and {Lining, from among which rife up fundry ftrong and tall hollow greene ftalkes five or fix footehigb, yea eight foote high in my Garden,full of joynts and fuch like butlefler leaves fet at them then grow below, and with the leaves come forth toward the toppes long branches, bearing at their toppes large umbells of yellow flowers, and after them flat brownifh feede bigger by much then Dilfand letter then Parfneps and thicker alfo : the roote groweth great and decpe,fpreading much and enduring long,of abroyvnifh colour on the ontfide and whitifh within; the Levifticum vu'gare. Ordinary Lovage, Icvifticum vtilg&c Gcrmnlcum. X he Lovage of Germany. T i< IB E 8 The Theater of Thants . CjHAP.35, 937 whole plant and every part of it fmelleth fomewhat ftrongly and aromatically,andofanhot iharpe biting tafie. Having another figure of Ltvijhcum which Camerarius in his Epitome upon Matthiolus exhibicetb, f ceuld not but infert it here, that the difference from the other may be fecne, our rootes being great and thicke, and nothng Ceraa fo fibrous, and in the flowers which they fay are white, and are yellowifh with" us, which DoSonaus noteth mean. alfo, fo that either they obferved it not well when it was in flower, or theirs doth differeth from ours therein, even as it is noted in the Panax Heracleum, The Pi tee and Time. It groweth no where wilde in Europe that I can here of, but is onely planted in (Dardens where it will grow huge and great if it be differed: it flowreth in the end of Inly, and feedeth in Augufi, The Names. It is called ufually in Latine LeviJHcum ( for Greeke name it hath none ) and not Ligujlicnm, being farre diffe¬ ring plants, although fome have taken them to bebothone, deceived thiefely by the vicinitieof thename, as namely, Cordut, Gefner, Tragus, Camerarim and Tabermontanttt, who all call it Ligujiicum ,either fativum or va L. gare ; Fucljins callech it LibyPlicum and Smyrnium alfo, for which he is reprehended by Matthioliss , Anguilara tooke it to be Laferpitium and Dodonms faith it is likely to be a kind of Laferpitium, and Lobel calleth it Lafer¬ pitium Germanicum, but Lugdunenfts rnaketh it to be Hppofclinum , after ALatthiolus his opinion, who faith if this be not Diofcorides his Hippofelinamsjie knoweth no other : Matthiolus, Vodonaus and Lobel doe call it LeviPUcum Sauhinm fetteth it among the Libanotidcs, and called it Ligufiicum vulgare • and Libanotie fertiiis Theapbrafit. Forthetru e Ligufiicum called Siler montanum, and in fhoppes Sifelios, I have (hewed you here before. The Italians call it Leveflico , the French Levefche , the Germanes Ltbfinkel, the D utch Laverfe and Lavas, and wee in in Er.glifb Lovage. The Vertucs. Lovage is hot and drie in the beginning of the third degree, and is of thinne parts alfo and thereby doth open cut and digeft humours, and doth mightily provoketh womens courfes and urine,as much as any of the kindes of Parflcy : thedriedrooteinpowder taken to the weight ofhalfea draffime in wine, doth wonderfully warmea cold (lomacke, helping digeftion, and confuming all fupetfluous tnoifture and raw humours therein, eafeth all in¬ ward gripingsand paines, diffolveth winde, and refifteth poyfon and infeftion effectually : thegieenerootehere¬ of bruifed in a (lone morter, andfteeped for twelve houres in faire water, then drained and drunke firft in the morning and lad at night two or three fpoonefulls ata time, ad'wageth any drought orgreat defire to drink* more than a caroufeof cold drinke, found true by often experience, although the rooters well knowne to b» hot it is a knowne remedy, and of much and continuall experience in divers {hires of this Land to drinke the decoftion of the herfce for any fort of ague,Whether it be quotidian, tertian or quart nine, and tohelpc the paines and torments in the body and bowells comming of cold : the feede is effeftuall to all the properties aforefaid, ex¬ cept the lad, and worketh more powerfully : the Germanes and other Nations in times pad,ufed both the rootes and (cede in (lead of Pepper to feafon their meates and brothes, and found them as comfortable and warmin™ to tbedomacee : the diddled water of theherbehelpeththequinfieinthe throate, if the mouth and thfoate be gar¬ gled and wafhed therewith, and helpeth the plurefie, ifit be drunke three or foure times; thefaid water alfo dropped into the eyes taketh away theredneffeorthedimmeneffeof theeyes, itlikewifetaketh away fpots or freckles in the face; the leaves of Lovage bruifed and fried with a little hogges larde, and laid hot on any botch or bile wi I quickely breake it: the gieene rootes may be kept in pickle made with fait and vinegar for a long time, but ptclerved with Sugar is more pleafant. Chap. XXXV. Laferpitium. Laferwort. Ecaulb Lovage was called Laferpitium Germanicum , I thought good a little to declare the trne Laferpitium or L fer of tile ancients, both to fliew what it was, and what with divers it is now taken to be; and withall to joyne both the French kinde and that which Alpinist hath let out for the true- Laferpitium GaUictm. French Laferwort. The French Laferwort hath a great long roote, bigger than that of ferula Fennell giant, of a prayifh or ado cotour on the outfide, and white within, full of a fat or thicke jnyce, and fmelling fweete, from whence rife up great ftalkes as thicke and high as the Ferula, whereon are fet divers ftalkes of winged leaves like unto Smallagc, bnt thicker, harder, and of a darker greene colour, fomewhat deepely dented about the edges,and fomettmes more deepely jagged than others: atthetoppes of the branches and ftalkes ftand large umbells of flowers like unto Ferula, and after them large flat winged feede like unto Angelica, of the colour of Boxe, and fmelling fweete. 5, Laferpitium Alpino. Alpintts his Laferwort. Thcflalkeof this Laferwort, faith Alpinist groweth to be of three cubits in height, hollow, andofthc bigneffe of a great Ferula (talkc, having large winged leaves fet thereon, fomewhat like the great Selimsm, or fweete Parfley, and greater than thofe of wilde Angelica, yeeldinga milke being broken ; the umbells of flowers at die toppes yecld large broad flat leede, as Theaphraflut faith of his: the roote is great, and as thicke as ones arme, yeel- ding alio a milke when it is broken, which is white at the firft, but groweth yellow being drie: the proportions hereof is extant upon fome of the ancient copines of Lupitcr Ammon,as Alpintts faith* 5. Luferpitiun antiquorum. The true Lafewort of the ancients. T>iofccrides deferibeth the true Laferpitium in this manner it groweth, faith he in Syria, Armenia CMedia and f;%with a Ferulous (lalke ( which they call Majpetttm) and leaves like to Apium, and with a broad feede : the I.afer or juyee is taken from the roote and from the (lalke by fcarifying them ; that isprefeircd to be bed, that is fomewhat red, rranfparent, like unto Myrrhe and not greene,ofa ftiong fent and fweete tafie, which being moi- Llif fteneS 938 Chap. 35 * 'Theatrum Botanicam• Tribe 8* j. Laferpitium GaUicum. French Laferwort. 1 ; Liferpimm Alpino. sdlpiws his Laferwort. flared with water quickly becommeth white ,if any (hall taile the Cjrenian fort it will move and (litre all the hu¬ mours in the body to a fweate, with a moift fweet fent, fo that his breath fhalllmell wcllthathath tailed but a < little ' that of CVledia and Syria is not fo forcible or good, and giveih a ftrangerunwholfome ien*, All the forts f Lafer are adulterated with Sa^apen, or with Beane flower before they are dried, the falfchood « hereof may be found ouc by the tafte,by the toll, by fight, otby the wetting or walhing it in water. Some doe call the Ilalke Silphisim, the roote CMapjdarit, and the leaves Majpetum ; the mod effeauall is the Lafer, the next are the leaves and the Italkes laft. This is Diafcorides his text ; but Theophraftm doth more largely expreffeit; and Pliny f rom him which is too tedious to infert here: I will therefore but onely mention a few of thofe things that are moft oertinent and not expreffed before, which are thefe : the feede is broad fpread like a leafe, and called folium and is as yellow as gold • the Ilalke is annuall as is that of Ferula; the fldhofthe catcle that feede thereon doth tafte moll lavcury, the ftalke is eaten by men fundry wayes drefled or boyled ;it groweth wilde by nature, and will not abide to be manured or tranfplanted. Pliny faith that in his time it was not to be had but after the weight of lilver, and that it was lb much deftroyed, that onely one branch was bi ought unto the Empercur Piero of all that could be found in his time; and Pliny faith alfo that it groweth in plenty on mount Faniajfw. Thus farre Theophrajtus and Pliny whereby i’t may be feene what Ioffe thereis of it by the great efleeme was made of it, andby the ver¬ ities it had which they have expreffed, and how hard a thing it is to find out thetiue plant of all that are knewne now untoii' although divers have referred fundry’herbes thereunto as is formerly fetdowne, and yet ftilhis hy divers; (or fome would make Benzoin the fweetegummeto be the Lalcr, and called it Afadttlcv, which is a word lint derived (torn Lafer as it is moftlikely, and is fo fatre fom reafon, thatlwonder how men could be cirawcn fo to thinke,the'Sc»«;»being the gumme of a great tree in the Fuji Indies, as all may know that will cn- ciVc after it, and is neither hot, (harpe, nor bitter as Lafer is faid to be: hue it is very probable that the Apothc- c ‘ ar j e , who had many of theit names from the Arabian authors, had thefe likewifeofbfjpirf«*«, and AJfafasti- 'd< ai d peradventure rofe from Serapia his two forts of Lafer, one pure, and the other impure, but that he faith the pure is of a flronger fent, and the impure of fmall fent. The Arabians call the plant Anjuden, the j'uycc Alntb and Avicen Almarnt, and the Indians Imga and Imgara. The ’Place and Time. This former fort was found about Marfelles in France , as Label in ._s4dver{aria faith, and adjudged the trueft by Kondeletcut of any other that he had feene before, flowring and feeding in the end of the y care as Ferula doth, the other is expreffed in the narration before, Alpirnu faith it was firft: feene in Catdinall Pemba his Garden, and af¬ terwards in that or the Muffares. Tbe Names, it hath not found any other name fince the firft invention, than Laftrpitm and Silpmum which was given it at the firft by Label, onely hanhir.iu calleth it Gallicism, and Tabermcntanui Mafftlioticum ; the other is declared in the delcription fufficitntly. Tbe Verities. . A There is not extant in any that hath written of the French kinde for what difeafe it is effectual!, and tberefofe we can fay no more thereof: but of the true Lafer Diafcorides hath given a very ample recital!, which although I thinke it almoftneedlefle tofet downetbe venues ofan herbewhichis fo little likely to be had as this is,tor Ignott Tribe 8. The Theater of Tlants. ChapT^ 939 iguoti nulla cup,do, yet to fatisfie thofe that are curious, thefe they are: the roote, faith he heateth, and is hardly^ eefted, it hurteth the bladder, and 'nealeth knots and keinells of the throace. called the Kings evill, if it be made into a cerot or plailter, and laid to with oyle, taketh away blacke and blew fpots that come by brinies or ftrokes- ic helpeth the Sciatica if it be made up with Ceratum Irimm or Cyprimim: ittakethaway the outtjrowinas about the fundament, if it be boiled with vinegar in the rinde of a Pomegranatrit reliiteth the force of deadly poifonfiill medicines. The Lafer of Media and Syria is weaker than that of Cyrene, & hath a loathfomer fent: it is a juyee that is windy and fharpe in tafle, and cureth the falling of the haire,if it be annointed with it Wine,Pepper,and Vine'- gar, it fharpeneth the fight, and dilcufleth the pinne and webbe in thebeginning, it is put into hollow teeth beiiw tied up inalittlclinnen cloth, withfome white Francumfence, and being boiled with Hifopeand Fiones in vi¬ negar and Water, it is good to wafli the mouth ; it helpeth the biting of mad dogges, if it beappTied ro the wounds, alfo the i enome of any other creature, or envenomed darts or arrowes, if it be either drtinke or out¬ wardly applied : it cureth the wounds of Scorpions if it be relented in oyle and anointed ; it is piit into tiro'" ulcers that are ready to runne into a Gangreene if they be firft Xcarified : itbreaketh carbuncles orplan-ut Votes being applied by it felfc, or ufed with Rue, Niter and Honey: it taketh away warts, comes, arid hardslfinnes growing many place beingfirft pared, audit mollified witha cerate,orthe pulps of a dried l igge, and healetb tetters and ringwormes while they are yong being applied with vinegarrithealeth the polypus jiithfenofe which isa peeceof fiefii growing there, ifit be annointed for certaine dayes with it, made up with Coperas orVardi- greaf’e, or other fuperfluous wens or outgrowings in the flefii being firft clipped off: it helpeth a continu dl hoar 1c- nelfe in the throace, and cleareth the voyce that is fuddenly growen hoarfe,being delaicd in water and hipped off- itftaieth the fallingofthe pallateof the mouth ; being applied with honey, and helpeth the cuinfie if’itbe nut in to honied water, and the mouth gargled therewith .-being taken in mcates, it maketb one better coloured • it helpeth the cough being taken inareare egge,and being put into broathes with dried Figges.ir is very profrable for thofe that have the dropfie or the yellow jaundiferic taketh away the (halting fit*, of agues beinn taken wH, Pepper and white Francumfence in wine.- it is given to thofe that have ftrong crampes or cricffes. in their neckes,hal!e a ferupie weight rowled up in waxe and fwallowcd.-ic draweth out horfc-leechcs that by t h nice are gocinto thethroate and there fticke, if the mouth be gargledwith it and a little vinegar,it helpeth thole who h we the milke curded in their breads, and the falling ficknelfe being taken withOxymell, or vinegar and honey - it provoketh womens courfes being taken with Pepper and Myrrhe, and helpeth the choliicke beino eaten in .i Rajfin, and being drunke in lye it fuddenly helpeth crampes or convujfons, a; d bindings: it isdiffolved with bitter Almonds or with Rue, or withhotbread,tobegivcninpocions ■ the juyee of the leaves Worketh the like effeffs but lefle powerfully : this is eaten with Oxymell, tohelpethe windepipe when the fpcech isIoft./ 7 /»y declareth many of thefe things out of Diofcoriaei, but varieth frond him in his remedy for teeth-ach, for I cannot ihinke, faith he, that any author would appoint it to be put into hollow teeth to take away the paine, when as ve have ftene the experience thereof in a man,that for the fame caufe threw himfelfedownc headlong fi om an hint) place : for itinflamethoxenif it be put into their nofes: and being mixed with wine, it burfteth tho'e Serpents that take it, who are mod greedy of wine,and therefore,faith he,I would perfwade men not to be anointed there¬ with, although they doe appoint it. CjalemVolib.de fimpl, briefly fpeaketh thereof thus; the Joyce of SUphinm is very hot f faith he ) the leaves, flalkes, androotes, doe futHcient floutly heatc any cold parr, but they a rea!l @ r flatulentwindineffe- hereby it is hard of concoftion, but applied outwardly it is of more effetft, & t be juyee lithe (Irongeft of all other,having a mightie drawing facultie.yec itholdeth a certaine power rotake away excrelfcnc -s in the fiefii,by reafon of the temperature is faid to be in it, thus farre Galen: Serapio like wife fpeaketh of the Greekes Laferpitium in this manner: Lafer, faith he is knowne to the Indians to be of two forts, the one fincere fhining and cleare, like to EleSlrtim, of a [Longer fent and greater price, which is brought, asitis thoupht from Guz.trate, Patane, Maudou,Chitor and Ttcly, which is a cold countrey, and extending unto Chervam : the other is faille and muddy duelling leffe, which they fay is brought from C Qr afone to O mm in Perfia, and from thence is carried to Pegu Malaca, TanaJirU, and the countries next adj'oyning : the Toaneans of Cum bat a who were in timespaft Phylofophers, and are now Merchants, and forbeare to eare of any living creature which was the inftitution of Pythagoras doe buy this Lafer, according to their abilirie, and put itmto their broaths and fallats, rubbing the veflells therewith firft, and tile no other fawfe to their meates being pleafant to them, both in tafle and fmell, yet doth it not breede any loathing in any that are not accuftomed ro it: the tafle thereof is at the firft fomewhat bitter as pickled Olives are, but being chewed a while longer it is very pleafant that which is impurc,Porters and others of meane qualitie that live on bread and water only doe huy.becaufe thev cannot for the greatneffe of the price buy that which is fincere,and the Haneans who deale in this kinde of mti- chandife doe purge and clenfe the impute, and doe not differ it to be ufed in meates before they have cured it by their skill; and thus much Serapio, Chap. XXXVI. Angelica', Angellica, f Wgg Lthcugh I have fpaken of Angelica in my former bookc, yet having more to fay thereof, and to drew likewife fome other forts thereof, I will here infert it with the reft. affiE I. Angelicafativa, Garden Angellica. The Garden Angellica hath divers large and faire fpread winged leaves, three foote Iona or better fometimes, made of many great and broad ones, fetufually one againft another on a middle ribbe. of a pale ' kut frefhgreene colour, and dented about the edges, from among which ufually rifeth but one round hollow (Falke being very thicke, and five or fixe foote high, with divers great joynts and leaves let on them,whole foote flalkes doecompaflfethe maineftalkeatthebottome,and from thence alfo towards the toppecome forth branches with the like , but Idler leaves at them, and at their toppes, large round fpread umbells of white flowers, but Eraufus deferibeth his with yellow flowers, which I never Taw jafter which commeth the feede which is fomewhat flat thicke, fhort, and white, twoalwaye's fet together, and is ufuallin.all thefe umbelliferous plants, and a little 1111 1 crelled c 540 Chap. 36 . Tbeatrum c Botanicum. T R I B K 8 ; 1, Angelica fotina. hardenAngellica. Angelica fjlvefiru. Wilde Angelina. 5. Angelica fylveftfu Montana duaram [pccitrlim. Two forts ofMomuainc Angelica. 4 . Jnhtmgelictt. The great water Angdlici Tr i b e 8. TbeTheaterof Tlants, Cha p.36. 941 creftcd on the round feedc :'the roote groweth great and wooddy when itflowreth, with many great long bran- chesto it, butperiiheth after feede and will rife and fpring againe, better from the feede that doth fall ofit felfe,then what is fowen by hand at any other time : the whole plant both leafe and feede and roote is of an ex¬ cellent pleafant fent and "tafte very comfortable, being not fierce or fharpe but rather fweete, and giveth a molt delicate rellifh when it is tailed or ufed: the leaves be the weakeft and fome hold the feede to bee next, and the rootetobethe (Irongefl, efpecially being not ready to grow up for flalke. Of this kinde wee have another fort B .■ in our Gardens called fweet Angellica, not differing in any thing from the former, but in that it hath a fweeter “ ° >s ' rellifh then the other. 2. Angelica fylvefiris. Wilde Angellica. The wilde Amgellica groweth up with large fpread leases on the ground having fmaller flalkes and leffer divi¬ ded leaves by much, of a darke greene colour, not fmelling halfe fo flrong as the gardenkinde, yet favouring lb much like Angelica that by thefmellonemay foone fee and know it to be a kinde of Angellica though wilde: the flalkes are much flender and fmaller, yet growing three or fourefoote high with fmaller j’oynts and leffer leaves thereat: at the toppes grow leffer umbells ofwhite flowers, which turne into fmaller lccde and blacker .-the roote is nothing fo greatas the former neyther are the firings fo great or long, and of a blacker colour on the outfide not fmelling halfe fo well. Of this kinde likewife there is fome varietic, one growing likewife wilde with us, not much differing in the leaves, but being fmaller and not fo much divided, the flalkes being reddifh and the feede thicker and longer, the s J h ' c fl r u roote being great and thicke. . 1,, “' 3. Angelicafylvefiris montana. Mountaine wilde Angellica. Mountaine Angellica groweth like the former wilde kinde, but much lower and fmaller in every part, the roote hereof differcth moll in that it is nothing fo great,but lendeth forth many (mall brownifh firings from the the head round about it, yet holding the fame flrong fent of Angellica that the former doth. I give you here the figures of two other forts of Angellica, taken out of Doftor Foxes booke of dryed hetbes, which he had from Padots garden,and might feeme to be the Laferpitium of Alpinist fet forth before, but that they had feverall denominations to them. q. Arch angelica. The greater water Angellica. > This Angellica groweth with a taller and much greater ftalke fometimes reddiih, the leaves Ike wife being more in number and fmaller divided, and of as deepe a greene colour as the firfl fort: in the tufts of white flow¬ ers it is like the firfl garden Angellica,and foisthe feede but greater and blacker, the roote is gieit according to the plant,and endureth many yeares without perifhing. The Pkicc and Time. The firfl forts arewitb us fowen in Gardens, the fecond fort is wilde both in many placesof Sjfex, Kent, and reare KentifhTowneby London Mo, and in other places : the third groweth on divers mountaines in Germany, Hungary and the red: the lad is not onely nattirall to grow in watery ditches, but in moid grounds alfu in many places with us,and in the Marfli ditches by Rederifie. ■ The Names'. This herbe hath gained many worthy names from fundry worthy perfons: for fome have called it S-antti Spi- ritus radix,Lacuna , and Dodonaw thinke it fome kinde of Laferpitium,Co- dm, and fome others take it to be Smyr- ninm, and Cordm to be Panax Heracleum, but all in generall call iteAngellicaltom the Angell-like properties therein. All thefe forts are fo called by mod Authors as their titles bcare, and therefore 1 neede not cxplaine them further, onely the lall is called Archangelica by Ctnfius, and Angelica ayuatica by Gefner: All Chridian na- . tions likewife in their appellations hereof follow theLatinenameasneare as their Dialedl will permit: onely in S uffex they call the wilde kinde Kex,and the Weavers winde their Yarneun the dead flalkes. The Vertties. Angellica is hot and dry, fome put it in the fecond and others in the third degree. It refifleth poyfon by defen¬ ding the heart, the blood and lpirics, and giveth hcate and comfort to them : it doth the like againd the Plague and infeftion of the Pedilence, if the roote be taken in powder to the weight of halfe a dramme at a time,with lome good Treakle in Cardus water, and layd to fweate thereupon in their bed: ifTreaklc be not at hand take the roote alone in Cardus or Angellica water, the flalkes or rootescandid and eaten fading are good helpes alio in time of infeftion and at othemmes to warme and comfort a cold or old domack: The root alfo deeped in Vine¬ gar,and a little of that Vinegar taken fometimes fading,and the roote (melied unto are both goodprefervatives for that purpole, a water didilied from the rootes fimpIy,or deeped in wine and diddled in glafle,is much more ef- fcftuail then the water ofthc leaves, and this water being drunkerwo or three fpoonefulis at a timfe doth eafe aH paines and torments that come of cold or winde, fo as the body be not bound : tht faid water taken with fome of the roote in powder helpeth the Plurifie being taken in the beginning, as alfo all other difeafes of the I.ungs, and bread, as coughes, and fhortnefle of breath, Tiffickes, and fo doth the Syrupe of the flalkes mentioned in my former booke: it helpeth likewife the torments of the Chollicke,the flrangury and (lopping of the urine, pro- cureth womens courfes and expelleth the afterbirth :and briefely eafetb and difeuffeth all inward tumors and win- tlineffe •• it openeth the obftruftions of the Liver and Spleene : and the decoftion thereof being drunke before the fit of an Ague,fo that they may lwcate if it be poffible before the fit come,will in twice or thrice taking rid it quite away : it helpeth alfo digeflion in the llomacke, and is a remedy for a Surfet. The juice or the water dropped into the eyes cleareth the dimneffe of fight if any filmes doe begin to breed in them, and helpeth deafeneffe by dropping it into the eares: the juice alfo put into hollow teeth eafeth the paine; the rootes inpowther made up with a little pitch into a plaifler, and layd on the biting of a mad dog,or any other venemous creature doth won¬ derfully helpe them: the juice or the water drooped or tents wet therein,and put into old and filthy deepe Vlcers, or the powder of the roote in want of the other .doth clenfe them and caufe them to heale quickly by covering the naked bones with flefh : the diftiiled water applyed to places pained with theffioute or Sciatica, doth give a great deale of eafe: the wilde Angellica is not fo effeftuall as the Gardens, although it may fafely bee ufed to all thefe purpoles aforefaid : the roote of the Garden Angelica is a better fubffjtute in Thtjiaca Andromache and Mi- ihrjdntihm then many other that have beene formerly accepted. , ' “ L 111 3 Chap, 942 Chap. 37" Theatrum Botanicum. RIB l Chji. XXXVII. Imperatoria Jive AJirantia. M aider wort. gI :: this iietbe there are two forts,the one well knowne, and the other fet forth firft by in \ ^5 Epitome on Matthio/us , and Banhinw after him in his cMatthtolw . 1. Imperatoria five AJirantia vulgaris. The common Matterwortv | Common Maiflerwort hath divers (lalkes of winged leaves, divided into fundry parts three for the moft part Handing together at a (mall footeftalke on both fidcs of the greater, and three like wile at the end of the (talk,each of which leaves are fomewhat broad & cut won the edges into three.or more mv,lions andallof them befides dented about the brims, of a darke greene colour, and doe fomewhat relcmble Angelica leaves at the firft fight, untill they bee better regarded and that they grow lower to the ground, and aponlcfltt ftalkes among which rifeuptwo or three fliorc flalkesin companion of Angelica, being about two foot h gh anddlend” with fuch like leaves at the joynts as grow below, but leflet and with (ewer divihons, bearing urn- bell of whi e flowers,and after them fmallthinne flat blackifhfeede bigger then Dill feede : the route is fome- what great and rather grow eth fidewife then downe deepe into the ground, (hooting forth fundry heads which taftethfharpe biting on the tongue, and is thehotteft and flearpefl: pair of any of the reft of the plant, an he feedc ne xt unto it, being fomewhat blackifh on the outfide and we ' 2, Imperatoria Alpina. Mountaine Maiflerwort. . . The mountaine Maiflerwort groweth fomewhat like the former, but letter in every parr, having nine leaves [fandiiw on each ftalke by three and three,but they are fmaller and narrower,and have fewer incifions in hem.but finelv dented about the edges: the flowers and feede are alike, and the roote groweth in like manner, with a blackifh outfide, but is more iharpe and hot biting on the tongue then the former by much. The Place and Tim*. The firfl is found on fundry hils in W/, as alfo in Germany^ it is ufually kept in Gardens, with them as wet as with us: The other was found on the Alpes in Swit^erland^ttky flower and feede late with us, as not un i the end of Avguft. . The Names. _ , Tt is called by the latter Writers generally Imperatoria, from the excellent vertues it hath, yet many ave re¬ ferred that name to fundry plants of the Auncients,not thinking that an herbe of luch rare qualities fhou c un- Irnowne tolhem, and therefore ^inguilxra tooke it to be L;gu}lict TfZclcn the Dutch arch Qanaoria Blmqtta, the French Paftenade, the Germans meren tceijf, Tafteney and Pafiinach P #ftinaken % !The Vertttes . _ . The Garden Parfnep nourifheth much, and the nourifhment is good and wholfomx bu^ by it is thought to procure bodily lull, but it fattened, the body much if it be ufed: it little tripeftah y call ufc as molt of thofe herbes and rootes doe that arc much eaten, which made Dtefcori , , wilde fift much upon them: onely ic is conducible to the ftomacke reines and bladder and provokteh unne.hut t kinde is more phyficall, having a cutting, attenuating, clenfing and opening quahtie therein :it remte i peth the bitings of Serpentsif eafeth the paincs and flitches in the fide,, and diffolvcth win • f Pct ) e much macke and bowels which is the chollicke and provoketh Vrine, the toote is often u e u T r i b E 8 , The Theater of T/ants. C n a p 40 945 Chap. XL. Sifer, Skirre:. Have two forts ofherbcs to (hew you under this title of Sifer, whereof the one hath beene fetchtaj farre as from Syria, iCeyjf I. Sifer vulgare. The commonSkirret. ^he common Skirret hath fundry ftalkes of winged leaves, femewhat like unto tbofe of the Parfneppe, but that they are fmaller and farther .fet in funder, fmothtr and giecner, and likewife dented about the edges, among which rifeth up theftalke, little more than halfe the height of the Parlnep, e, bearing at the toppes umbells of white flowers, which afterwards turne into f mall darke feede, fomewhat bigger than Parfley feede the roote is compofed of divers fmall long round white rootes, fet together atone head, like the Afphodill, bunched out, or uneven in fundry places, and rugged, or as it were wrinckled with all, and not ftnocth as other rootes are, with a fmall pith within them, and very pleafant to be eaten. 2. Sifer alarum Syrincam. Skirrtts of SyrU, or white Carrots. The Syrian Skirret hath a long, tender and fmoorh roote, grayifh on the out fide, and white within, and eafie to be broken as thicke as ones finger, and twite the length, having fundry fmall bunches or ltnottcs thereoq.like un¬ to warces, of a pleafant Iweete tafie like unto out Carrots, from whence rile many (hikes of leaves, much divi¬ ded and cut into fundry parts like unto Carrot leaves: the (hikes likewife have Inch lik-leaves at the Joynts and umbells of flowers at the toppes like unto them for forme, but of a yellowifh colour. The Pluce and Time, The firftis not natural! in any places of Italy or Germany that I can underAand, bat in thccountrey ofiVV- bone in Prance, as faith, and is every where fowen or planted in Garden. 1 '’, and with us rather lowne than planced,for fowne among Onions,the one will not hinder the growth of the other, the Onions being ftill drawne away that the Sklrrecs may have the lull growth againft W inter: the o:her groweth wilde in Egypt by fairo ,but not in their gardens, as Kauwolfus faith: they flower and leede later than the Parfneppe« The Names. It is called inGreeke r, an d in Lacine alfo Sifarnm and Sifer :thc firft is called^ by Matthiol^Corduf, Gefncr , and Camerariw , and Sifarttmby Tragus, Dodon&w, Label and others. Ccfalpmm callethit Sifer German- cum, and taketh it alio to be the EUphobofcnm of Diofcorides, as 0 /#»»«alfo doth s but afluredly herein they are both deceived, for Diofcorides deferibeth Slaphobofcttm at large, and howfoever the manner ot the leaves deceived them, that they were like unto the leaves of the Turpentine tree, yet neither is theflalke of this Ferulous, rhat is flrong and great as that of the Parfnep is, nor hath any umbells of yellow flowers nor feede like Dill, both which the Parfneppe hath; for this Skirret hath white flowers and feede like Parfley, fo that I wonder how fuch wife and judicious men,that in other things will fcanne the text of Diofcorides throughly before they give their judge- i. Sifer vulgare. THc common Skirret. 2. Sifer alt cram Syriacim. Skirret of Syria, or Wilde Carrot. Theatrum Botanicum T RIB E 8; 946 Chap.41. mcn t and vet in this have failed much, as you may underhand by this that hath beene (aid: now whether the manured or wilde Parfneppe fhould be ‘Diofcorides his EUphebofcum, I incline to thinke rather the wilde than the tame, although he faith, it is fweete and fit to be eaten; for as I faid before, evcnthe wilde might begood with them, as We have fhewed it to grow wilde with us. Another controverfie there is among many learned men whether thisbe the true Sifarum oCSiofcorides or no, in regard that neither he nor any other of the ancients, have’given altnofl any touch of forme or leafeor rooteit had, becaufeit was fo familiar and well knowne in their time, and fo it falleth out in many other things that were fo common with them, that they thought it need- lefih to deferibe them, that they are now moll unknovvnc to the liiccevding times, and to us yet in our time : the greateft propability that we have, is that, as Diofcorides faith, Sifarum is pleafant to the pallate, profitable to the ilomacke provoking urine, and procuring an appetite if it be boyled (for he doth not fay eaten raw as divers 0- t'rer rootes are ) all which agree to the ikirret: but Pliny in fitting forth his Sifer,which affuredly is all one with Diofcoridn his Sifarum (heweth plainely that it hath a nerve or firing in the roote, which is to be taken away af¬ ter the boylin", that the red may be eaten with the more plealure, and luchhath this Skirrcc and no other roote, that either then was or now is edible but it: and therefore there is no doubt but that it is the true Sifarum or Sifer of the ancients : the other Ranmlfiw faith is called in Egypt by the Arabians there Secacul as Seerapio did, and therefore this may ceafe all controverfies concerning it, that our Parfneppe roote is not Sifer, as it formerly was taken, nor our ordinary Sifer neither to be Secacul: the Arabians caWhFifarumauASeifarem: the Italians Sifaro: the Spaniards Climb as-, \\',t French Cherny, the Germans Gierlin: 1'ne‘Dmcb Swycherwortclen, that is Sugar roote; and we in Englifh Skirtet. The Vertues. Skirret rootes (for no other part is in ule as 1 know ) being dreffed according to every ones liking doe nourifh well but not fo much as the Parfneppe, it being of a ftronger taile, and this more delicate and plealant, and is al- fo very wholefomc, yet engendreth a little winde, and provoketh to venery : it doth fomewhat refpeft the Kid- nies and bladder by moving to urine, and a little to confume the Hone and gravell in them : and this is all that we have learned it to be available: for thole herbes and roots that arc temperate and meftnfed to be eaten,are thelefle piiy'fically applied for any difeafe; the other as Rtmwolfiw faith, is uled to be eaten alfo by the (gyptians, as other rootes are and is common with cheir. Chap. X L I. Saxifrnga Pimpinella. Burnet Saxifrage. SSMSgagE have foure or five forts of this burner Saxifrage, to (hew you here,fome being ofourownc countrey, ffPal anc * lomc °* others, and fome greater or leffer than others. (boy A 4*1 1, Pimpinella Saxifrapa hircina major. Great Germane Burnet Saxifrage. Vtyr syyn-fi Tills great Burnet Saxifrage ot Germany hath divers large and long ftalkesof winged leaves, one awodt.sE j iretf 1 y oppofitc to another on both fides, each being fomewhat broad, alitrle pointed and dented about the edges (omewbat deepely, of a frefh grecne colour alrnoit fhining, from among which rife up one or more round hollow ftalkes. three lootehigh or more, fit at the joynts, with the like, but leffer leaves, and hea- rin atthetoppcsfmallumbells of fmall white flowers, after which come frr.all_blackifh round feede like unto Parfley feede,but much hotter in tafte, and fliarper upon the tongue, the roote is fmall long and white, verylike unto a Parfley roote, but much hotter in tafle, and perilheth not alter (cede time, but endureth long. 2. Pimpinella Saxifrage* major flore rubentc, Great Burnet Saxifrage of Germany with a redd ifh flower. This fort ditfereth little from the former, either in forme or greatneffe ol leaves or tallneffeof the ilalkes, the chiefeft difference confifteth in the flowers whichaiereddifliorofablufh colour. 3. Pimpinella Saxifrngamajor noflras. Tire greater Englijb Burnet Saxifrage. Thegreatcr fort dour Englijb Burnet Saxifrage groweth up in the fame manner that the former dee, the forme of w'nofe leaves is all onelikewife, but that they areuiuallynot more than halfe fobiggeor large, and not fo deepely dented about the edges, but of a ladder greenc colour; the ftalkes likewife are finalier and flioiter than the other, the umbells of flowers are white alfo and the feede lrnall and blackifh, but (harper than the for¬ mer : the roote is long and whitifh enduring long. 4. ‘Pimpinella Saxifrnga hircina minor. The fmaller Burnet Saxifrage of Cjermany, This leffer Burnet Saxifrage of Germany hathlikevvilefundry fhorter ftalkes of finer cut leaves by much than the former, every one fet againft othcr.being very narrow and much cut in or deepely'dented about the edges, which maketh the leafe feemeasif ir were made of many fine cut and jagged leaves fet on both fides of a foote fhlkc, which fometimes groweth reddifh, and is veryncere of the fame frefh greene colour that is inthefirft : the ftalkes rife as high.almoft, and the umbells of flowers white like the former; the feede alfo is blackifh bu; finalier than the former.- the roote is long and white but fmaller, but more hot, quicke and fharpe as the (eede hereof is alio. 5. Pimpinella Saxifraga miner nojlras. The leffer Englijb Burnet Saxifrage. Our leffer Eaglifb Burnet Saxifrage hath much finer cut leaves than the laft.fo chat there is not halfe that breadth to be feene in them that there is in the leaves of the former, but yet divided after the fame manner, and of as darke a greene colour as the greater EngUfh foit; the umbells of flowers arc white, and the leede that folioweth fmaller chan of the laft, the roote likewife is fmaller, bur as hot and quicke in tafte as it. The Place and Time. The Germane kir.des grow as well in their fields, as on the mountaines, and in rockie grounds, and as it is affir- rmed unto me by divers in our owne land likewife; the other of our owne land, areufually growing in mod me- dowes of this land tobeeafily found of them that know them, and will looke for them, for they lie hid among the graffe oftentimes fcarfely to be difeerned : they doe all flower about Inly, and their feede is ripe about the end oiAuguft- The Names. The ancient Writers neither Greckes nor Latineshadany knowledge of any of thefe plants, but are called of the Tribe 8. The Theater of Plants . Chap.. the moderne Hcrbarifts Pimpinella (imply by many,as Cordw > TragM,FHchfius,Gefner > 2in<\ Lohel .& Timpmclla Saxi¬ frage by Chlattbiolm and Gamer arm, or Saxifrage bircina^s Gefner & C lupus do,fome alfo BipineUa Saxifrage ,as Lohel , or Bipenula as Lacuna, or Tragofelinum majus as Tabermontanw. the fecond is remembred by Gefner in bor- tU y & in deferiptione mon iisfrafti ; the third is the fecond Pimpinella of Tragus , yet is greater than that kinde that groweth in our owne land j and fois the fift, and is moft likely to be Baubinus his PimpinelU Saxifrage renui folia * The fourth is the third Pimpinella of Tragus , and is called Ptmpinella minor by divers, and Saxifrage bircina minor by others,taken by Cordut to be T>aucusSelineides, and by Lugdunenps Tauci tertiumgenus, and by Qolttmna to be Tragium THofcoridU. There is growing at the rootes ofthefe Saxifrages in fome countries certaine graines that wilFgive a fcarlet die, as Lacuna and Anguilora have fetit downe, and by them called fac™radicum, buc Amatus Lufifanus faith that the like graines are found at the rootes of many other herbes. Fragofus ieemeth in reciting thefe graines growing at the rootes ofthefe Saxifrages, tothinke that thefe graines arc the Cochenill that the Diersufe to die their lilke and cloth in graine colours; for he faith, lib. 3.C.15. that theJCochcnill thatcommeth from Peru be the graines that grow at the rootes of certaine plants like unto our common Burnet SaTfrage, wherein he was much miltaken, for as Oviedus faith, they are gathered from the leaves of great trees in the fVefl Indies , called there Tunal , and with us Ficus Indica, and as it is fet downe in the eight partof the Weft Indian Hi- ftory, the fourth Booke and thirteenth Chapter ( and in the Claftis of the trees in this Worke ) from whence it feemeth lobn deLaet of Awtverpe in his fife Booke and third Chapter, pag.129* of the IVefl Indian Hiftory tooke his relation thereof, which is fomewhat too large to inlert in this place, I will therefore but briefely touch vvliac he there faith,that there are divers forts of Ficus Indica , fome that beare no fruit growing wilde,or fo thorny that ferveth to no life : others that are manured and beare fruit, which are eaten, and are either white, which are the better, or of a reddifh purple colour dying their hands that gather them, like as Mulberies doe : and there is ano¬ ther manured fort that beareth no fruit, but is of greateft worth, and moft carefully kept, becaufe.thar certaine Flies doe breede thereon ( which are that graine called by the Spaniards Cochenill, derived from the Coccus of the ancients, and this as a diminutive thereof) which they gather twife or thrice in a yeare, and kill them by calling cold water on them, and afterwards drie them in the fhadow • but of this he faith there are foure forts, fome bet- ter or worfc than others,thc worfer being gathered from the wilde plants, the beft from thole are planted in order like an orchard, and tended carefully. Tragus calleth this Saxifrage Piper Germanicum, and faith that no other plant can be more fitly referred to the Petrefolinum Macedonicum of Tiofcoyides than it, who compared the feede thereof unto the feede of Amoes, yet to be fweeter in fmell like unto fpice, and fharpe and hote in tafte, and to grow in rockie places, and hereon complaineth that men more willingly Ipend their coft on ftrange things fetcht from fane, than upon their owne hombred and country plants .* and afliiredly the feed - hereof is fo aromaticall, and fharpe piercing withall that I thinke he had reafon fo to thinke as he did, when as it farre furpafleth either the old Petrofelinum CMecedonicum of our modernes, I meane our Allifander feede or the new Petrofilihum Mace- donicum that commeth from J r enice ,and is now a dayes in fo great account,as though it were the true Petrofelinum Aiacedonium not to be doubted of, or none to goe beyond it: but I am in doubt I fhallfinde among my brethren fome Critickes that will taxe me for inferring this noveltie: ifitpleafe not them, let the judicious cenfurc it as they fhallfinde cau fe and reafon. Tragus alfo faith that fome others referred this to the Oreofelinum or Apm mentanum of Diofcorides, *** 948 Ch A P, 42 Tbeatrum Botanicum. Tries 8. The Virtues. Thefe forts of Saxifrages arc hotter than any the former kindes of Apia Parflies, and as hot as Pepper, and as Trdgtu faith, more wholefome, by his often experience: it hath the fame properties that the Parfiyes have, buc in provoking Vrinc. andealing thepaines thereof, or of the Wind andCollicke is much more effeftuall, the rootes or feede being uled either in powder or in decoftion or any other way, and likewife hclpeth the windic paines of the Mother, and to procure their courles, to breake and avoydc the Hone in the Kianies, to digeft cold vifcous and tough fiegme in the ftomacke; and is a mod fpcciall remedy againft all kinde of venome. Caftorenm being bovled in the diftilled water hereof, is linguler good to be given to thofe that are troubled with Crampes and Convullions: fomedoc ule to make the feede into Comfits, as they doe Caraway feede, which is effcftuall to all the purpoles afore fayd, and fome doe diftill the water that the more tender ftomackes may take it, being a little fvveetened with Sugar: thej'uyceof the herbe being dropped into the moil grievous wounds of the head, doth dry up their moyfture andhealeth them cjuickely : the experiment is taken from Hennes whofe combes and head being pierced through, fo as the braine was not hurt, were foone helped hereby: fome women alio ufe the diftilled ivater to takeaway freckles, or other (potsinthe skinneor face, and to make it the more deereand fmooth. Chap. XLII. Pinax, Alhealc. lofcorides maketh mention of three forts of Panax, Panax Heraclenm with P igge-like leaves, whereof <~1 Kr V I intend :o intreate in this Chapter, and with it fome others that for their hkeneffe may be referred h fc-SAf thereunto: Panax Afclepius with Fennell-like leaves, but 1 have fpoken hereof in the fourth Chapter ** of this Claflis, and Panax Chironinm with Marj’erome-like leaves, I have (hewed youinthe84. Chapter of the fifth Claffis of this Worke, buiTbcopbraJhu maketh foure forts, for unto thefe three he added a fourth, which he calleth Sjriacssm but doth not deferibeit. 1 have to Ihew you in this Chapter many other forts, that for their likcnelfie have obtained that epithite. I. ‘Panax Heraclenm verumfculneo folio, The true Albheale of Hercules. The true Panax hath divers large broad grecne leaves growing next the ground, cut into three or more parts, relembling a Figgc leafe each (landing on along footfta'k, w^'as well as the leafe is fomewhat roughor rug- ged,tfom whence rifeth up a {talk foure or five toot high,having fuch like leaves as grow below but lelfer & Icfl’e divided bearings large tuft or umbell of yellow flowers, and fomewhat large flat leede after them: the roote is white with divers branches thereat: the whole plant fmdleth fomewhat ftrongand as it were fower. From this it is probable the Gum Opopanax is gathered which commethout of Syria and the pans thereabouts to the chicfeMart townes,as Damafco, Cairo, Alexandria and others the like,to be tranfported elle where. And the like plant anfwcring very notably to this dilcription have I had growing in my Garden, the feede whereof was lent me among other rare feeds by fome of my divers friends from//Wy,but perilliedby fome extreme hard winter. 2. ‘panax Heraclenm alteramfive peregritmm Dodonai, The more ordinary Alhcalc of Hercules with us. This Panax fpreadeth many very large winged leaves round about upon the ground,mod of them two foot long, confiding of foure, five or fix couples of rough winged leaves, let each againft other on a round greac footeftalk,lurrowed on the upper fide,each of them winged,confiding likewife offhree or foure couple of rough but large fairc frefli yellow ifli grecne leaves & one at the end, broad below,and narrow to the end,the one of the lower hides of the leafe,being alwayes deeper at the bortome then the other and finely dented about the edges, tailing a little hot and biting in the mouth, and yeelding forth a yellowifh juice in the Sommer much moregum- my,hotand bitter than the kaves ; from among thefe leaves rifeth uponettrong great round greene ftalk foure or five foote high or more, wiih fomej'oynts and leaves thereat, and a few branches towards the toppes, where breake forth fmall yellow umbells of flowers, which afterwards give whitifh yellow flat fhort feede : the roote groweth fomewhat great and deepe downe into the ground,with two or three long branches from it, whitifh yel¬ low on the outfide and more white within.fuil of that yellow (apilfuing from it if it bee cut or broken,of a little flroug fent and hot bitter telle more then eythcr leafe or feede: this delcription is from the plant growing in mine owne Garden where it abideth the extreameft winter without harme. 3. Panax Heraclenm alterrsm Americum fplendente folio,Laferpitmm creditum ejnilssifdam. American Alheale of Hercules with Alining leaves, fuppofed to be the true Laferwort. This Herculean Alheale groweth for the forme very like unto the lall,having fuch like winged leaves fet in the fame m inner, and the wings with foure or five or fix couple of leaves, but differing in greatnelTe and colour,for neither is the whole llalke above halfe fo long,nor are the leaves themfelves eytherhalfe lo great fo broad or fo Iong.but are rather fomewhat fhort,and of a deepe greene colour, very much (hining on the upper fide and paler grecne underneath, much hotter and (harper in talle then the former and not bitter drawing water into the mouth : the ftalk hereof is feldome above a yard high, with j’oynts and leaves thereon, and more branches towards thetoppesthenthe other bearing larger umbells of yellow flowers lticceededbyflattilh but almoft round feede, of a pale browne colour the roote is white and great at the head with fundrylong firings thereat with a pith in the middle and endureth not after feede time which fometimes is the fecond yeare afterthe fpringingand (ome- Arc pur- times the third. There is another fort hereof with taller and purplifhftalkes, and larger browne greene leave . part*. This Collus-like Alheale difFercth not much in forme from the fccond but in the greatneffe and fubllance of the >vui^u mis givcin nuL anu cuviciuic is nuc ui inai icmu, ror cnis natn luejr UKC large wingcu reaves, fet in the fame manner but lelfer together, each leafe whereof is larger then a Parfnep leafe, thicker.rougher and more crumpled alfo and dented about the edges: theftalke is fmall and about two cubits high, fuilof j’oynts and Idler leaves fer at them, branched towards the coppes and bearing round tufts of yellow flowers, after which follow flat and fomewhat round feede : the roote is fappie with a thicke flefliy barke,and of a (Lining afh colour. bitter and fharpe in talle. 5, Panax Tribe 8 . I. tanax Heractenmverum. Thc'true' AlheaU of Hercules. slilp „i m \ fj : ; if -lv ■/ 1 !■) ; ig ■g'lif 1 !• )>$! ? a t;' r' ! [; i I '/to f rf> : l *; vM':- ; •iipl’lr 'I'M'" Wr I «:j; i'f-h!a in. id : ■ v ,i VtHJF ■ ;hS«isllf j ir*. • ftp | tvr.tfl & Ik ■ - ■ >. * L‘ ■ ' i'^l ,V |k]J i •'i W ii. , !•#-,* ■ 4 fe'!i"*: ■. Nl. 1 |,| Tit' Uil' I'f.r' n v i fi'i, ' : f l- F f* ft® I n i - j i Chaf. 4 cj. Theatrum Botanicum. T R 1 b e 8. C. Panax y&pmuov feu raceme fa Americana. The crultcd berried Allhealeof America. This Hungarian or rather ■^‘ IrM refembline'thoft^the^heale of Hrculs, Ml of a roulh ha.rineffe, of a unto Tumeps, but more nearely r ^®” b d ^ v y ed an d leffe rough alfo, among whom nfeth a rough crefted pale gicene colour, with other lmall ffe of ones t humbe, lull of joynts and (uch leaves fet thereat as hollow Italkc two foot® high, andoftf^t * e thc fta lke at the bottome : at the toppe of the (hike com- orow be ow, but fmaller and “ or ® d f whl ^ h {ol f ow the feede very fparingly fet on the umbells (for every meth forth umbells of yellow flower > hen holding) which is very great and thicke, refembling thole flower doth not perfit the feede many, , ® isVer y great and long even as thicke as ones arme, and of of the Cachrys,artd ftraked like thereent . and do ' h l fmell very fouly that one cannot well endure the a cubits length which penfheth after ’ , (ore it begrowen to feede is taken and eaten both by the imell.but rather call them out: or the g , } them being of great ule with the Tartans, for with- 6 Panax [euracemofa Americana. . . - - made of fmatl threds like Vineblofiomes, at the■ firflt g ^KSSSSS^s mongft them, and tide more plealantly then the berrie themfelv.s. gufehatum Americanism. Sweete fented Allheale of America. The firfl leaves of this Panax are large and about a toote Ion-, onely dented about the edges, fomewhat like unto Coftmary leaves, lying on the ground, and c0 f Xw a c fo long white roote at the head ont hofe that foil™_ arejo deelclv cut in that they reach to the middle nbbe a molt, the fta'ke rileth to be two cubits high, without any leaves thereon fave onely about the middle, where it hatha knot and a leafe that compaffeth it,of a differing forme from the reft the toppe branches are foluavily laden with umbels ofwhite flowers, that before they open they hang downe that heads, whichhave fo ekcellent a fwcete toll, diat they fmell like Muskc., a great way of the p ace where it Ptoweth: the feedethaclucceede are like, but not to broad fs the ordinary Panax. The leaves taftefharpe, and a little bitcer,buc the roote lefle: The Place ana Time. The firfl groWCth in Nalpes a, , m , ferine hills alio and the Sea coa s ^ generally in our gardens -.the third came tint from America, & the thought to grow in feme places oflfj fundr V njm£;s B and came to me out of Italy for Laferfitinm an. feede being imparted to (undr> per o l ^ fadd]frnaden/ls, and the other fort thereo t for Angelica atro tkjnorum ,and faith groWeth on mount Gorge** in Amelia : the fift in Tartar,a not as Yliny taketh it from Hercules, tob ed [Q m plams> as Thcopb-aflw faith, there are many ether radea a City £ Candj,bm : the caUed alio CimiU bubula, and Cunil* gallitacea ,which is like to Panaccs. W AT)iofcor,de, faith 0 r ff‘ffJ x H e racleam Centaarium magnum alfo,and Ligufiicum were called Origamm Heracleov.cUm ^ ascll ' ed f^” ; s the famx or panaces Herackum 0 ( Mdtthiolu,, Ar.gutlara, Gefner Panax Heracles,m. The firfl ta keth that Panax Heradetsm that grew in the low Coun- ln hortu. Label,Lugdunenfis ,and others, but :V 0 f Sphondyllum, to whom I mull confent, for that try gardens, bearing white Aowe«, o be tather Sfh J d Uu i then th e ordinary,as I Avail (hew you m p ant with iuch broad leaves and white Howers.is . r 5 FranciPcam ,with yellow flowers, 5I^S2ISJ!SSS!SISS5SSSS^«^«^“*«te2j~gn]^g«~j«|^5SfeJS5J!S^I &,?«*•■ c— - *— llin “ “ Tr i b e 8, The Theater of 'Plants. C h a p. 3 , the Panax Syriacum of fheophrajlsts, whereof there is great probability, for the feede of this plant as Label ftith WM found among the gum Opopanax, and fowenby Coudenbergius a famous Apothecary in Antwerp which no doubt was from the plant that brought forth that gum Opopanax, outof which itwastakcn, which as you lee difereth much in forme of leaves from that of Diofcorides and Tbeopbraflm. The third was fent to us by the name of Lafcrpititim verttm, but having well confidered it, I found itremembred by Ccrnutm among his Canada plants, calling it Angelica lucida Canadenfis ,but not rightly,for the fmell of the root with me,is more like unto Turpentine then Angelica, the other fott hereof he calleth atro purpurea, I cannot teferre it better to any plant, then to the la&Panax it carryethfo like a face thereunto, and therefore call it Tttnax HeracJeum alterum Amtricanum &c. The fourth OHatthiolm firlt fet forth by the name of PfeudocoJ 1m, and fo, many others have called itlince, and Cofius fpurius, but Camerarisu in borto faith,that home called it in his time Panax Cbironium, and Tabermtmtantts calleth it Pemaces CoJUmmfind Coflue IUyricsu , but Cafalpintts Herb* Cofta , and Bauhinue Panax Cofliiwm ,wh«m I followtthe fifth Clufiue fetteth forth by the name ofTatariaVngarica^md Bauhinue thinketh it may be the Hal. tracan, which lofcpbiee Barbarue faith he faw in Tartaria, whereof he fpeaketh in his journey into Perfia t that the Tartarians of the decoiTion of the leaves make their drinke, and the Hungarians their bread of the roote, and Taubtmti thereupon calleth it Panaci Heracleofimilss Vngarica, The laft are !'o named by Cornutue, as they are fee downc in their titles. The Arabians call it Steufir leuflr, and Giaufir. The Italians Panace Heracleo and thereaf¬ ter all other Chriftian nations that know it, and we in Englijh Allheale of Hercules, according to the Greeke lig- nification of the word. TbeVcrtUes, From the rootes and (hikes of this Panax Heracleum, being cut faith G’d/nr.commeth forth that juyee or gum called Opopanax, which is of much more ufe then any other part of the plant, and is hot in the third degree, and dry in the fecond, being of an heating mollefying, and digeliing quality, thebarke of the roote is heating and drying likewife, hut in a meaner degree, having withall a little clenfing property, whereby it is good for viru¬ lent and maligne ulcers, and to cover with flelh the bones that are bare : the feede alfo laith.he is hot, and. is mix¬ ed with thofe medicines that procure womens courfes, the j'uyce or gum faith Mefuee hath a fpeciall property therein to purge thicke and clammy fiegme from the more remote parts, as the braine, nerves, fenlitive parts, joynts and breads,and therefore profitably applyed to all the cold greefes incident to any of thole parts, .is to helpe a weake fight, an old cough,(hortnelle of breath, purfineffe and wheeling and is good alfo for the Sciatica, the gout in the knees and feete, it is good likewife tor crampes.convulfions,paines,ifcd Hitches in the fides.by rhe windinefl'e, (welling and hardneffe of the Spleene, for the ftrangury alfo and difficultie in making urine i it like¬ wife difeuffeth the windineffe hardneffe and fuffocations of the mother.provoketh their courfes and expellcth he dead birth: being alfo drunke in mede or wine it helpcth the itchings and fores in the bladder: it breaketh car. buncles or Plague fores, and is profitably applyed with mollifying falves, and thofe that ctne wounds and fores in the head, it helpeth the toothach, being put into an hollow tooth, and helpeth the biting of a rnadde Dogge, and againft all other poifons of venemous creatures. The leaves of the Hungarian Tataria boyled in water is a familiar & uluall drink with the Tartars as the roots are bread to the Hungarians as is before fsi'd ; the operation of th c American plants are found to be more alimentall then medicinall, being familiarly eaten by the natives and French. Adattbicfus doth recount the properties of lus Pfeudocoflue or Panax Cojhnsim in this manner.lt is faith he hot & dry in the third degree compleat,it openeth,clenfeth, cutteth !k maktth thin,and fte» ing it is bitter,{harpe and lomewhat fweet,it may perforate all thofe things that are related of it,that is,it helpeth all cold greefes of the head and nerves, and is alto helpful! for the cough,fhortneffe of breath and the like, as al¬ fo for the winde Collicke and againft the obftruftions of the Liver and Spleene, the Stone and gravell in the rejnesand bladder,and tbedifealcsofthe mothcr.to bring downethe courfes,and to expdl the deadbirthi lt.like- vvife helpcth all old greefes of the head, the fwimming and turning of the braine,the falling fickneffe.the Lethar- gie,Convulfions, Crampes.Gouts and the like tit killeth alio thewormes, and provoketh urine, and helpeth all joynt aches. Chap. XL II I. Libanetis latifolict. Herbe F rancumfence with broad leaves. F that kindof Libanotie that hath Fennell-like leaves with all the forts thereof, I have fpoken before in the fourth Chapter of this Claffis, there remaineth fuch to bee entreated of that beare broad leaves which fliall follow in this as I there promifed. i. Libanotie Theopbraftimajor. The greater white herbe Francumfencc. This greater Libanotie hath many great longftalkes with wings of large broad leaves fome eight inches long a peece and almoft foure broad,five being fet together whereof one at the end.one againft another, three or foure inches broad below and fmsrilerto the end, being fomewhat hard in handling,of an overvvorne greenifh colour and a little dented about the edges,among which rifeth up a ftrong rexind ftalk,foure or five foot high oftentimes, having fuch like leaves on the joynts but fewer and Idler then grow below anda few branches riling from the tip¬ per joynts bearing large (pread u;i bells of whitilh flowers, and after them lomewhat flat and round light feede two joyned together, white on that fide where it is joyned ,_ and ftraked with rough crumpled brakes on the backe or round fide, and of a pale browne colour when it is ripe but a little purplilh before: the roote grow- eth great and long,whitifh on the outfide with a tuft of haire atthetoppe, abiding long, fmelling and rafting fomewhat ftrong as many other umbelliferous rootes doe, but the feede much ftronger. 2 . LibanotisTheopbrafti minor. The Idler white herbe F rancumfence. This leffer Libanotis agreeth with rhe former both in the forme of leaves, flowers, feede and rootes, but that they are all leffe, and the number of leaves are more let together on every ftalke,being alfo more deepely dented about the edges, the roote is white but more bitter then it. There is another fort hereof which Bauhinue calleth Libanotis latifolia minor jemine crijjto, and differeth onely in having fewer leaves on the ftalkes 5 although as fmall and but one or two deepe cub on the edges. . Moinr m z ■ " . 3 . Ltbatmts q=p C h a p.43' ‘Theatrum Botanicum . Tribe 8. 3. Libanotie~Theophmfii A f'jf° li ° CT “ k< ‘' i. Labanotu Theophafiiaajor. The great white herbe Francusifcnce/ ' Thetrueltherbe Francumfence of ‘TheophraJlus % This plant which I take to be the trued U- banotis of Theophrajlw Afij folio, that is yet extant, hath a ftalke about a cubit high, divi¬ ded into fomebranches.with leaves both be¬ low and above let fparingly, fomewhat relembling Smallage for the largenefle ot the leaves, and dented about the edges, bea¬ ring white flowers, and large, rough, croo- -ked brownilh feed.the rooie is covered with a blackifh barke, and very white under¬ neath, duelling ftrong like Francmufence. 4. Libanotu UtifoliaA^uilegiafolio. Columbine leafed heibe Francumfence. _ This herbe Francumfence hath athicke rug"edbrowne ftringie roote, with a white pith in the middle, duelling fomewhat iweete and bitter in tafte, having a tuft ot blackifti haires at the toppes, from whence rife lundry leaves upon long footc ftalkes, broad & hollow at the bottome like a skinnie huske,c6paffing one another asthofedo alio onthc upper ftalkes, and are hard in handling, yet of a Chining darkegreene colour above, and whitifh underneath, with divers pur- plidi veincs running through them, not all of them divided like unto Columbine leaves, but many of them parted into five leaves, with three divifions apecce, others into three leaves, each Handing on a ftalke : it hath one white round ftalke, ftraked with purple, ri¬ ling up more than three cubits high, vith divers joynts thereon,and branched towards the toppes, bearing every one a large um- bn^andTroadftripedftede’jofaparplidi colour fomewhat bitter, hot, and drawing Water into the mouth; if it be a little chewed thciein, and fomewhat fweetc in fmell. The place and Time. _ . The two fitft forts are found in many places in Cjermany, and the pattsneere adjoymng, the third in C a ” J, and the laft it is likely came out of Ethiopia, by the name was given it. The two fitft feede with us yearcly, after they are well growne: but the two laft very feldome, unleffe the yeare prove hotand kindely. 1 0 The Names. It is called niaviv,- in Gteeke, from the fent ofFrancumfence which it hath, and Libamns in latine, and fome Cervina alba, and Cervicaria alba, but generally Libanotu latifolia, that it may be knowne todifler from the I(ot- mer which is called FcruL- folio, it is tranflated £»/»»<«•>»(« by divers, when as properly ihe %e[mttnntu ot the Iatines is but the firft kindc of GDicfccridet his Libanotu, called Stepbancmatice, that is,Libaitotii Coronana,be. caufe it onelv was put into garlands, andfo Galen did account it: the two firft here let downe, are accounted by moll of the later Writers to be the Libanotu fertilit of 7 heopbraftus, which is fee downe in hi; 9- Booke ar.u 12. Chapter,with leaves of Smallage.but much greater;the fruit or feede whereof was called Canckrys with a great white thicke roote fmelling like Thus or Oltbanum-. but howany can wellmakcthe leaves hereof to refemble Smallage I cannot lee, or that the feed hereof was ever called Cttchrys ,having a caufticke qualitie. or the roote the fmell of Olibanum. I onely touch this as a Q *sre further to [be confidered of: and it is probable that the; figure that Mmhiolm give* for his Ligufiicum altemm. was emended for this Libanotu, the five leaves being miftaken in the placing, for that they fliould not be fet foclofe together, or elfe he emended it for the eAqmlegia folio, for he calleth this Libanotu. SeJeliiAthiopicumm another place, as Gefner in hortis, Lugdunen/is, Chifw, ,ando- rhets doe calling it Sefeli rA.tbiomeum Matthioli, and therefore to hclpe the matter GDodonem calleth it Sefeli vSthiopicum herba : it is alio Tragus his firft Sefeli, and the Danci altemm genw of Fuchfius,Turner, and Lngdu- nenfis: the third Gamer arms faith that it was lent him out of Italyby the name of Siler ( rettcum and is the Rofmarimu Selini folio, that Honoriw Bellm maketh mantion of in his fii ft Epiftle to Clnfim , Sc faith is tally called Siler Creticttm bv many, but is by him taken to be the true Libanotu Theophrafti, to whofe judgement 1 adhere thus fane, that it is the trueft and the likelieft of any other we know extant; the laft is called by Cameranus m berte Sefeli eAthiopicum altemm ,and faith the feede was in fmell and taftt fomewhat like Cinamon btutmms calleth it; as I doe, LtbanotU Utifolia Aejuilcgiet folio . r Baubinus in his pinax maketh another leiler orto ? tit which he calleth Mi folic, and referred the D anctu angulofi cattle of Urdus in hisbiftory thereunto, and like- wife the Libanotu alba minor ofThalius, whereas both it and that of Cordus, as alfo that Libanotts Theophrafti mi¬ nor of Lobel are ail compriled under his Latifolia altera five vnlgatiro ,and aie not feverall plants,as t in c. The Vermes. This herbe Francumlence is of a mollifying and digefting qualitie, hoping the old grie.es ot the brealt and lungs, the failing ficknefle, and the j’aundife, if it be taken with Pepper in wine-, itmcrealeth mime T r i b e 8. The Theater of Tlants, Cha P44. 953 breads if the roote be taken in wine, it likewise eafeth the paines of the ftomacke and belly, and the biting of ve- nemou’s beads and Serpents, procure* womens coHrfes and the urine being dopptd: the leaves being bruifed and applied daieth the bleeding of the piles or hemorrhoidall veines, theheate alio and [welling of the funda- ment and brin°eth thofe hard tumours and impodumes to npenefie, which doe hardly yeeld to be eadly cured: the dned roote D mixed with honey and put into foule ulcers clenleth them throughly : ithelpethlikewife thofe that are burden, or that have convuldons and crampes, and the gout, being bruifed and applied with the meale of Darnell and fame vinegar ; and being uled with vinegar.it take* away the morphew or difcolouring of the skin, or the leprve alfo.-the j'uycc of the leaves and rootes clcareth the eye-fight.and Qiarpneth it, and alfo the rheume fallen into them, applying it to the forehead.-the feede alio of any of thefe forts doc the like, but if it be that leede, which is called Cachrys that is forbidden to be taken inwardly, byreafon of the caudicke and burning qualitie therein to indame the mouth and throatebcing taken or drunke. i* Spondyliumvu'gare. Ordinary Cow Parlncppe. Chap. XLIIII. Spbandjliam. Cow Parfneppc . 1 though formerly there was but one fort ofthe Cow-Parfiieppes knowne and divulged to the world, 1 yet there are now divers others found out, fomc in our ewne land, andfomein others, all which tsyisrsjs-i lliall be entreated oftogether in this Chapter. $$$$§%£ i, Sphondyhttm vulture. Ordinary Cow Parlncppe. The ordinary Cow Parfneppe groweth with three or foure large fpread winged rough [eaves, lying often upon theeround orelieraifed a little from'it, with long round hairy footeftalkes under them, parted ufually into live divifions, the two couples [landing each again!! other, and one ac the end, and each divifion or leafe being almoll round, yet cut in fotnewhat deepely on theedges, in fome leaves and places, and not lodeepe in others, and of a whirl* greenc colour, fmelling fomewhat ftrqngly ; among which rife* up a round crclled hairy (hike two or three foote high, with a few joynts and leaves thercon, a nd branched at the toppe,where Hand fomewhat largeaimbells of white flowers, but fometitries a little reddifb, and after them flat whitifli thinne winged feedes, two alwayes joyned together, as is ufuall in moft of thefe umbelliferous plants: the roote is long and white, with two or three long (fringes growing downc into the ground, imelling like wife Clrongly and unplealant. 2 . Sphondjlium majtu five Acanthitf Germanic* Major, The great Cow Parfneppe of Germany. This greater fort difjfcrcth onely from the former, in the large- nefle both of leaves andftalkes, being neere twifeas large, I meane every Angle leafe or divifion, which are feldome a^ove three on a great long foote ftalke, abave halfe a foote long, unto the leafe, which is hairy and rough, of the like evill greene co¬ lour, and a little fouldcd in or crumpled, and dented betides on theedges, the flowers and feede are alike, but larger, aslfaid, growing higher, of an hotunplcafanttafte; but not fo unplea¬ sant as the other .* the roote is white, and like the other but greater. g. Sphondylium rnajus a liftd Laciniatis folijt. lagged Cow Parfneppe of our owne Land. This Jagged Cow Parfneppe groweth as high or rather higher than the laft, and with greater ftalkes, and a white hairinefle on ' >/! them, the lower leaves grow very large and much fpread, divi¬ ded into five parts or winged leaves, two couple Handing dire- &ly each againft another, but of another forme, for each ofthele leaves or divifions are parted into diftinft parts, yet clofely joy- ned at the botcome, the two fides leaves or divifions being not of halfe that length that the middlemoft is, which is in fomea- bove fixe inches long, in others above five, and not above halfe an inch broad, each of them having a deeper cut or notch at the bottome, than is on the reft of the leafe, which yet is dented ivich greater notches chan in mud uluallherbes, the upper or end leafe being ufually parted into five long divifions or leaves, dented in the like manner, little or nothing hairy, but of a dee¬ per greene colour on the upper fide, and grayifh underneath, the umbells of white flowers are as large as in the laft, and the flat thinne, white, feede is fo like, but a little whiter, that they are hardly difeerned one from another, but onely in the cafte and fmell, which is little or nothing in either: the roote is great, thicke, and white, living with me after feede time,and fpringing anew every yeare. 4 . Sfbondjlium Alfinumyarvum. Small mountaine Crow Parfneppe. This fmall fort hath a ftalke a foote high, parted into two or three branches, and pale gitene great leaves on them, fome whereof are parted into thre© divifions, and others into five, being fomewhat round fome ofthenv Tkeatrum c Botamcum, T R I b * 8. 954 Ch a p«44> 2. g. Sphondyliammajiu & tliudLac'miatufoliju The greater Cow Parfneppe o {Germany; and another with jagged leaves. S . sphmdylium Alpinum glabrum . Smooth Bjeunsamc Cow Parfneppe. an J others pointed, hairy likewife, and dented about the edges, the flowers on the umbells are white, and the feeds thinne and broad. 5 . Sphondylium Alpimmglabrum. Smooth mountaine Ccw Paifneppc. Theroote hereof is white and great, the ftalke joynted, and two foote high, the leaves are likeunro Figge- leaves and lhiooth, being a hand breadth long and two broad, befidesthe foote ffalkes' which are a lirtlc rough, ufually divided into three parts, but not to the middle and dented about the edges •. thetoppesof the branches have umbells oflmallcr white flowers [fanding on them than in the other: the (cede is flat and round, but having a fmall pricke or point at the end. The Place and Time. "The fiiff groweth in moift medowes, and the borders or corners of fieldes, and neere ditches generally through the land : the fecond i proper onely to Germaaj^s I thinke: the third was found by Mr. George Bowles a worthy and indudrious Gentleman in Shropfbire, as I take it: the fourth on thcyd//>ef of Aufiria-.ihe lafl on the Alpes of IjujJii .-they doc all flower in Inly audl'eede in c siuguft. The TTjmes, It is called in Greeke ozwSlhr.v and earovb Vaior Sphondylium and Spondylion, for both are extant in good authours, derived as it is thought from 1 pondy !e, a flie ftinkiug like this; Matthiolus, Gefner, Label , Dodinew, and others doe call it Sphondylium ; but Tragus, Cerdus, and fome others call it Branca urfma, and Fuchjim Acanthus vulga¬ ris five gcmm.ca, and lb is mod uitully the lecond fort called by diversjand this is the plant.as I thinke, that ®»- don/cns in his Chapter of Pan x, did rather take to be 'Spovdplium n! : u . ,• :i . . ' 1 , • . . i -' ■ \ ' ' ■ I . / " bfi' l.)t , . [!. . £ ' ;! -.jJKm ■. i i. '• ■ , i. ■ - • • ' I ’ e A R D U I SPINOSiE PANT^E THISTLES AND THORNIE PLANTS. CLASS IS NONA, THE WJ&CHT TB^IBE, CHAP. I. Cardiii & Spinoff T>lant£, Thirties and Thorny Plants. Nto the Thirties I thinke mccte to j'oyne fuch prickly or thorny Plants,as were neither fit for any of the former or fublequent Chffisjyec I mull except out of this number(although they pertaine totheClafils) thole Thirties, or other prickly plants, as I have entreated of in my former Booke, referring (hole that would be informed of them to theBookeit lelfe; whole names are thefe : Acanthtu fativui, und fylveftrii , Erjngmm Pannonicumfive monta- num flare csruleo&flore albo, Carduw mollis, Carlina httmPii, Cardum Spherocephalmfive globobfut major & minor, Qtsrdum Eriocephalw five Tomentoftts, id eft. Caput mtnachi five 'Coronafratrum, Cinara diver/arum jpecierum alimento/a, & Corduus benediSw. I. C*rdttwpratenfts latfolius. Broad leafed field Thirtle. The broad leafed field or medow Thirtle fendeth forth fundry large and long leaves cut in on the edges, and every part finely dented, and fet with fmallprickes that are very tender, of a whitrfh greene colour.- thole that grow up higher upon the fialkes are fmailer, two of them fet together at a joynt where’ they fo compafle it, chat they will containe water in them, even as the Teafell doth, at the toppes upon long fialkes grow (ingle greene prickly heads, out of which dart pale coloured thrummes, comparting a fcTv purple threads in the mid¬ dle, and alter they arc faded and gone, fmall whitifh feede fomewhat bigger than thole of Cyanw, Come flower, or Ble w-bottle wrapped in downe, as all the forts of Thirties are : the roots is fomewhat long and great, abiding divers yeares. 2. Cardutu pratenfis Acanthi fotips laciniatU. The yellow jagged medow Thirtle. This medow Thirtle hath very large leaves, almoft a foote long and fomewhat broad, cut in on both fides into fonre or five deepe gallics, even to the middle ribbe, fet with prickes at the dents of the edges, from whence ri- feth up a ftraked [lalke about two foote high,fet with a few leffer leaves, at the tops whereof (land divers I mall greene prickly heads, and out of the middle yellow threds or thrummes,which afterwards give feede indofed in downe : theroote is great, long, crooked, andfpeading in the ground. Cardutu bulbo/m Monfrelienfitint. The French bulbed Thirtle. The whitifli leaves of this Thirtle are of an hand breadth long, fomewhat fat and thicke cut in on the edges, but not very deepe, armed at every dent with fmall fharpe prickes: the ftalke is two cubits high hairy and (len¬ der, with few or no leaves thereon, at the toppe whereof Hand harmelelfe prickly heads upon long foote fialkes, and out of them pale purplifh thrummes, wherein afterwards lie the feede inclofed in much downe: theroote is compofed of divers tuberous fmall long clogs like unto thofe of the Afphodill fattened together at the head, 4. Carduus Praten/is Affihodeli radicibus. Medow Thirtle with Afphodill rootes. This Thirtle hath divers blackifh doggie rootes like unto the Afphodill or Piony, which whither and perirti every yeare(but£ive encreafe from it before) which fendeth forth divers thicke, and long pale greene leaves . N nun cue' Theatrum 'Botanicum, Ch A P. I Tribe. cutintotnany parts, aimed with fbarpe prickles on all (ides, every pricke ending in three points, from whence rifeth up a tall ftalke, fomewhat branched with one or two prickly heads at the toppes of every one branch, G ut of which come purplifh flowers, and afterwards ftnall long feede wrapped indowne. 5. Cardans pratenfs pgljcephalos. The many headed medow ThifUe. This ThifUe hath but few leaves lying next the ground, being both fhoi t and narrow, armed with fbarpe and long prickes, the llalke is round (baked and without prickes, fpread into fundry fmall branches bearing many fmall heads with purplifh flowers, made of tbrummes or threads thrufling out ofthe middle of them, but fee with large and lharpe prickes: the feede is inclofed indowne as the reft ares the roote is long,hard and wooddy. 6 Qardmtspalnftrit The moift Medowes ThifUe. The roote of thisThiftle is fingle, the ftalke three cubits high, ftraight and full of prickes, thicke fet with darkfe grecne leaves unevenly waved, and lotnetimes more deepely cut in on the edges, having a few prickes at them, and branched toward the toppe, with many fmall heads upon (lender (hikes, and reddiili purple flowers like o- thers, and then turne into downe. 7, Cardans Ceanothos five viatum & vinearumreptns, The Creeping way or Vineyard ThifUe. The rootesofthis ThifUe are very fmall andwhitifh, running both deepe and farre about underground like unto quiche grade, but have r,o knotted joynts therein like it, but fhooteth up hcades of leaves from the branches ofthe roote, fo that it will be as ill, or worle than Quiche to weede out, if it be once got into a ground : the leaves are of a pale greene colour, fomewhat like unto the rough or prickly Sowthiflle, a little cut "in, and as it were crumpled on the edges, armed with very fwall, and fharpe hard prickles, the ftalke groweth to be a yard high, (baked and prickly, with fome liich like leaves thereon as the lower be, but fmaller to the toppes where it is bored with crucll fharpe prickly heads and purple flowers made of thrummes in the middle paflinsinto downe. 8. Cardans AvcnarinsfiveOWn/iatus. The Oaten land or Muske Thiftle. This Thiftle that rileth fometimes to the height of a man among the come, is found growing lower in other places, having divers very fliarpe prickly jagged leaves let ronnd about the flalkes, and at the toppes where they are branched many fmall fliort heads fet dole together, out of which come the flowers confiding of threads or thrummes, as in other Thiftles, fome whereof will be white, fome of a deeper, and others of a paler purple co¬ lour tending to a blufh in many places duelling fweete like Muske,which being faded,the feede followeth wrap- ed in muth doune like the reft. 9. Ca’duns Creticui minjmns. The fmall Thiftle of farJy. This fmall Thiftle hath riling from a fmall long roote divers long leaves, fomewhat like unto the AttrafyHi or DiftafTe Thiftle, but fmaller, and armed with lharpe prickles: the weake leaning (hikes are divided ulually into two other, betweene which groweth on a fbote ftalke a fmall Thiftle-like head armed with a dozen very fmall long prickes (landing up round about it, being fo finely netted that it maketh admirable the Workemafter, the middlemoft head, ever growing lower than the tell round about it: when theie heads open,the blew flower ap. peareth never lpreading much, after which come fmall white feede inclofed in a little downe, which will fiiea- way with the winde, the heads are fweete and edible before they flower. T'a. Place . All thefe forts of Thiftles grow in fields and medowes in Vineyards and grounds fowne with come, as well in our owne Land, as beyond the fea, fome of them all'o on Heathcs, Greenes, and waft grounds in many places as the Ceanothos on Kcntijh Tome greene abundantly, 1. carlaat pratmjlt latifobat. Broad leafed field Thiftle. 2. Carduus bulboftu Monlpelietifinm* The French bulbed Thiftle. T R I B E p. 'The'Theaterof ‘Plants, Chap.i. 959 4. Gdrduutpratenfis ^Jphodeli radicibvs, Medow Thiftle with Afphodcll rootes. m'wrW \! S 1 / jjjfa' r, j * 7 » Caf Auut Ceanothot five viarum & vine arum 1 spent. T“ «cepmg nay 0£ Vine;ard Thifllc. Ml ‘.i? if fd ■I‘ail -P';W} PI il • fil It:i t r ■■kV' I 8 . carduui jivenariut five {Mufcututi The Oatelaadj or Muske Thiftle. 9. Cdrduus Cretkas minims. The fmaJl Thiftle of Csmq* M i'iif ft ■ 1 ' i . S'. I i; i -.it.-:, t ' ;• ■ 1 ' i : ’ !: M : ;- ?.' I ■ i I'J '?! |V Theatrum e Botanicum T R I B E 9, ^60 ChAP.2. The 'time. They doe all flower in My and AUgafi, and their ftede^ npe quickly after. . _ . . „p m o nr ; s mQ {V nrnperly Cardans in latine, for from thence be all the Cardai A ,::,®- Acam inGrecke Scbinw, the Latines call Echinata capita, and yet called Acanacea^ the prickly , aD tcr mentior.eth t Acanot with Acuna and Elrypis as an efpeciall Theophrajlunn his firft ooke an ^ in Tbeophrafius fhould better agree to denominate the gene- kinde of Thiftle Some would thinks hat," ? J G ,* a doth al ? vaye s ttanflate it limply Cor. naU kinds of Th. flies written as well with1 Ypfibna- jlfa t0 encl f ne in the chapter of Scaly, dtwe and generally all the Latin > f Tractu of Gefner in bonis and Lolsel, by Lagdanenfis Acanthus tirftherefetfonl,is ^ whichhe putteth among^theThiflles with fylvcjlris, and is thoug 1 0 e flared , bc wo J c i to call it 'Beta fylvefiris: the fecond Anguilara and prickly leaves, but that of P %in his 06. Booke and*, j. Chap-. Lugduncnfic doe fct forth n n ca „thifoliii laciniatiistbe third Label faith the learned oiMompc- ter,which5<«afc»* calkt or P ca ] ]ed ic Cardam bulbofw MonJpeUenJium, but Clajias calleth it Cirfio her called CardiHn bolt) fta ,& P , r mhinus calleth it Cardans pratenfis Aflhodeli radice Utifoltus .- Cjismto congener, and ingai araeuca ^ a / tlr Dalechampi],byTabermontanus laceaactsleatafnje tube. the fourth is called by Lug amnys J) ttAersfa but by Eaubinm Cardamu pratenfis Affhode/i radicefolt/t r of a,and by gsrOrd which polycephalos-.thl fixt likew.fe is fet forth by profundi & temnter Ucsmnta : the ® to £ e [^reanothot of Theophnfius, lib A .cop. 11. •Eauhinm by the name of C«rd«w palaftru . thefeven vine atom repens folio Somhi: The laft Tngm both by Angara LugduncnfstodCol^ C Um arvenfis, and CjeLd and would have tobe Sco/jmm. TheyerttteS; , . , , - , , bathed on chat place which wanteth hairc or is fallen of,will caule it to grow agame fpeedtly. Chap, IL Cardans mollii ^irfinmdiSlus. The loft Melancholy Thiftle* dFifiis Thiftle there is much varietie, fome growing in medowes, fome on mountaines, fomewith "US. narrow/fome greater Ithers fmaller as you (hall finde them here ex, «^|yj?p.entd. Thegreateft mountaine C,rj 5 s?« or Melancholy Thiflle. Th ( rCjt mountaine Cir (mm hath divers large whitifh greene leaves lying on the ground, fom - , , a a inno nointed at the ends, as alio dented about the edges or as it were a little jagged, fetabout the ftalkes that rife up being great hoary and (baked or creftediarc w.th lmall m ° rt f P" e k L e 4 b tearhw fundiy fuch like leaves but leffe up almofl unto the toppe,where upon long three or fome footehigh, searing J whitifl, pr eene heads nothing fo great as the iargeneffe of the and naked ftalkes fund gen*:. PmUjthteds as is ufuall in moft Thi- having very faall whidflt feede, even flies, P”“ almoft i y; P g therein, which are carried away together with the wmde : the rooteTs compofed y of many whitifh great tuberous long clogs,like unto tholeof the Aiphodill which aoideth all winters, Th^e'atfoftMelancholy Thiftle with.broadleaves. , . 'Mfiancholv Thiftle hath large and long leaves, larger and broader then thole of Borage, den e a f Th - S ,°fnlt nr i c'flcs about the edges, chi ftalke which is tender brittle or eafie to breake and cornered.hath fuch rL thereon as the lowe ate, but fomevvhat more rent or tome on the edges branched towards the hke » ta am0 a tufc of fmall prickly leaves a fmall pnckley Th.ftle-like head, ^^Uh^r^^tethre^-wluc^p.fleln.odowi^.-t^^falb-U-ullons w.* dwersfibre. r> Cirtiam aliudwontanam. Another fofc Melancholy Thiftle. _ .. Tg: nfl-pr id clancho’v Thiftle rifeth up with divers ftalkes about a foote high, winged as itvbere ot fet with ale ffSS 7nd leaves growing thereon which are fomewhat like the firft, but narrower dented a :- nrrheedaesfet wirhnrickes, andofa pale or blewifh greene colour at thetoppesof the: fta kes upon long naked ftemmesftand fmall, fcaly, prickly/ingle heads,with purple thrums or threads mthe^middhi^ w^iich ^ben they paffe into downe hang downe them heads, and conte.ne w ithin them la ger, ^S’ ^anv bng firings, then the formed that fall downe or are blowen away into the wmde: the root is compofed o many , s of the thickneffe of ones finger, which fliooteth forth heads for encteafeat the toppe onallhdes, where y d Circium Anolicum primum. The firft; Engh/h Cirjium. The former of thefe SngHJh Thiflles rifcch up with a tender Angle hoary greene L'^t the top five long hoary green leave, dented about the edges,the points whereof are little or Botog fm £‘ ufually but one head, yet fometimes from the bofome of the uppermoft leaf© the e fli in the middle- ler head which are fcaly and fomewhat prickly, with many reddifh purple v/hich being gathered frefti will keeps the colour a long tyiie> and (landing on the ftalk t j m g (J.62 ChAF.2. Tbeatrum 'Botanicum. T RIBE 7. Ctrfium motttatiumcapitulu compactis. Mountaine CirQum with tufted heads. time while it perfefteth the feede,which is of a meancbignefTe Ivina in the downe : the roote hath many long firings taftned to the head or upper part which is blackifh and penfheth r0t ' Cirfinm alind Anglicnm. The other Englijh Cirfinm. This other e»M C ir fi um is very like unto the former Eng. lijh kinde, whole leaves are as little prickly; but more hoary underneath and moregreene above: the llalke alfo which is about twofoote high bearethbut one large fcaly head with many purple threads and Thiflle like feedes lying w^ downe . the roote is fomewhat tuberous at the head and blackifn onthe outfide with divers fibres thereat, and (hooting forth long ftrin^s which fend forth heads for encreafe. = 6 . Cirfinm anguftifolmm Germanic tan. Narrow leafed Cirfinm of Germany. This C-rfium hath divers long and narrow darke greene leaves lying on the ground, dented and fet with a few pr.ckes, the llalke rifeth to be twofoote high, fet from leafe to leafe with fiiarpe filmes which make the llalke feeme winged, ha- viu« (iiortcr leaves, more prickly and more divided on them then thofe below, branched into many parts, each bear ing na¬ ked lowrflems and finglelmall heads at the toppes which are prickly like the reft, and have purplifh red threads in the mid¬ dle of them as the others. 7 , Cirfinm montannm capituhi compact is . Mountain^ Cirfinm with tufted beads* This mountaine Cirfinm hath fofter leaves then the former, and fomewhat more cut iu on the edges being long and fome¬ what narrow, and fet with final! prickles sthe ftalke nfing to be two or three cubits high hath divers the like leaves thereon bur leffer and lelfe divided, bearing at the toppe a tuft of ma¬ ny (mall fcaly and prickly heads fet together with purplifii red threads in the middle : the roote is made of many long firings and abideth long. T he Place. , . StaKfiuKHe 1,11 b, m Atmo®8™»* t0Wne - The Time. . . All thefe Thirties flower about I nlj and fome in Angnfi, their feede ripeneth quickly after. The Names . # Tt is called in Greeke «f,*» and not «d»» as divers fuppofe for it commeth1 from *■»«« ■" fines fianet « J refer th- Latines alfo call it Cirfinm and fome Spina moll*. Fnchfim, Ruelhw, and Lornterm in their • rbnn'-ht chat thereat Tualoffum was both in outward fhew and inward qualities not mn-ch differing from ft bur baein £ were much nkaken as MauhioUn obferved and objefted feainft them. Z ,>^foppofah th-ac ’ ( . r ... r 0 n „ arc the defeription of ‘Viofiorides his Cirfinm ns the third iort here exprefled. Thefirft n c Z°J make h his firrt C.rfinm. whereunto the former Cardans bnlbofius Monfifielienjium was like,which Tanhi. ' LTbCirfummalimnl MhoMiralice: the fecond is the firrt Cirfinm of T> edentus, as Lngdunenfis fetteth 1C calle f th l Fre „, h booUc a „d the third in his Pempudes, which Banhinui calleth Cirfinm Lot,(fiemum, making fie next whic ? h is my third together, which is the firft Cirfinm of Dade- r/w, P arades and the third Cirfinm of (fittfins which Eaubinu, calleth Cirfinm fingnlanbnscapitulyar- T ' c !' s , , r u^, nr i filtarecenerallv called Cirfinm AngUcumprimummi alteram, andof CInput Cirfinm Panno- Am pr'mnmpratenfiiflxA Cirfinm Anglicum or Britamicumfiecundum, the fixt Banknnsz ntituleth Cirfinm angu. fii folium ■ rite hft is the Cirfinm of MatthulmRefiner in horti,, Lacuna , Label and Lugdnmnfis, and is the fecond c frbamof VoLaus in his Pcmptades, and the fourth of Clnfins, which Eanhinns calleth Cirfinm fiohj, non hirfimi ' 1- The Italians call it Cirfio.md fo doe all other nations,but with little varying termination, and name in fome fort anfwerable to the effeds and ufe I have ent.tuled it. The loft Melancholy Thiflle. pertues There are no other properties found out or knowne whereunto any of thefe Thirties may be applyed then fuch which Bioficoridei fetteth downe taken from Andrea, (who brought in many figments and untrutbes to beeufed in PhyfickeJ that the roote thereof being bound unto the veine in the legge or other parts of the body fwollen with Melancholy blood doth quickly helpe and heale it. Chap. Tribe cj. The Theater of Tlants. Cha p *3- 1 . rftraflylii florcluUo: The yellow Diftaffe Thifll - Chai; hi. AtraBjlis. The Diftaffe Thiftle. a « H is sAtraViyltsao Diftaffe Thiftle is accounted a wilde kindc of Cnicus. The forts whereof I have fee forth in this Booke here before, and the Cardans Bencdtlhss Blcffed Thiftle inmyjformer Booke ac- counted another fort of this AtraBjlis, which I (hall not not neede to dclcribe againe; the other forts I fhall fhew you here. 3 ^- j. AtraBylis fiorc lutto . The yellow Diftaffe Thiftle. This wilde baftard Saffron or Diftaffe Thiftleffor fo ir may by both names fitly be called) hath the lower leaves fnmewbat Ions and narrow, much cut in on the edges, very hairy, or as it were a little hoary, and’not prickly while rtiev are youne and before the ftalke rifeth, but then are harder and more prickly, and ftrll the higher, the more fharpe fetwith prickles, which riling to be three or f oure foote high, are rough, round, and branched, from the middle upwards,& hath at the top of every branch a few fmaller,but more prickly leaves,under every prii kly head which from the middle of them flroote forth a few pale yellow threads, which are the flowers, and being n f in t[iem divers blackilh hard feeds fome what bigger than thofc of the Garden Cnicos or baftar d Saffron, rnd letter than thofe of Cnicus alter Cltifij lying in downe, but nothing fo much as in it: the roote is whitifh and wnndrlv nerifhinf every yeare after feede time: the leaves hereof before they grow hard and old being gent- lv broken but not bru.fed, will yeelda reddifhor bloody juyee. 1 t AtraBy/isflorepurpureo. Purple Diftaffe Thiftle. This Thiftle differeth from the laft in the flower, which is of a nnrplifh red colour, and in the leaves that they are not hairy or hoary, and in the ftalke that it riferh fcldome fo high, in all other things it is fo like it,yea even in the bloudy, juyee alfo,that one would fay it were the very lame. _ . 3. Atratfyfaptirpurtd Cprta. The purple Diftaffe Thiftle of Cyprus. This Thiftle that Anguilara fetreth forth, and Ltigdanen/is after him hath leaves like unto the manured Cnicus, or baftard Saffron, but leT- fer and fomewhat ruggedor crumpled, from among which rifeth up a ftalke,bearing a Thiftle-like head at the toppe, from whence fpring ' {lender branches, bare or w ithout leaves, halfe a roote high or more, having on each of them a fmall prickly head, with a purple flower in the middle (like unto an Avemone ,as they fay,buthow truly I cannot tell ) but in other places enclining to. yellow : the whole ftalke and branches rife to a cubits height, and have white feede like unto Cm- cm q[ baftard Saffron, The Place. Clufitss faith he found the firft in the come fields of Sevill and Cordo¬ ba in Spaine: the lecondand third grow in many countries, as about U Hompelier, and Narbone in France, in Italy,Greece,&c. the laft is faid by Aneuilara to be found in the He of Cyprut, and Lugduncnfis faith it is alfo found in Frame, but iomewhat differing in the colour of the , flower. The Time. They flower towards the end of Summer, and the feede ripeneth in the end of Augujl, yet the laft doth flower and feede loonet than the other forts. The Names . The Grceke call the manured kinde j oiyjit Cnicus, and fo doe the La- tines alfo, and C ncCM offome, it is thought ’em rZmfamod mordere tun pttngere Jignifieat, vel i-mts me^S quod punqendo pruriqinem excitat quod de Jylvejlri potius quam de fattvo, did potefl • or rather from the colour of the flowers, Cam asms exponatur crocens ■vet ratilm ■. the Arabians call it Kortam, from whence the names Cartbamas is deduced, whereby it is knowne in the Apothecaries fhoppes, hereof there is two principal! kinds,' the manured or tame, and the wilde, as Thofcorides ,Theephraftus. and Pliny, from them doefet downe'; ofthc wilde kinde there are two forts recorded by Thecphrajhn. and 7 liny from him, the former more upright, and like unto the manured kinde, which of divers is taken to be AtraBylis, the other trailing on the ground, and more like a Sowthiftlc, which of all in generall is taken to be our Cardans benediBus, unto the former Then. pirafi?njgiveth"a blackeand a greater fruit, and more bitter than the other: but Flint unto his former giveth a white grear and bitter feede, which becaufe that Pliny faith the former Cnicus fylveflris was called AtraUylis, hath bred much controverfie among many worthy Writers, fome affirming the Cnicus fylveflris prior to be Atra- BylU, and others refuting that opinion, becaufe that Tbeopbraftus fpeaketh diftinftly ofthem both in feverall pla¬ ces: but notwithftanding, that allegation, which is the fame that Mattbiolus ulech, who fo fhall heedfuliy ob- fervethefaid places in Tbeophraflus ( GuiUndinus in Fapyre, giving this note, that there are many things twife fpoken of ill him, by iundry names) fhall certainely findc that the AtraUylis here fet downe, both is the fame AtraBylis with him and Diofcorides, and the Cnicm fylveflris prior of Tbeophraflus, and Pliny notwithftanding, the divers relation of the feede, as is'fhewed before: for there never could be 5 heard of any that could fhew any Cnicus fylveflris with a white feede; and our AtraBylis doth fo fitly anfwer in . aft 1 Tbeatrum Botanicum , Ch a P.4, Tribe all things thereunto,the feeds beingblacke and bitttr alfo that none can doe more, as alio in that property pecu¬ liar to Atrallylis, as Tbeopbraflus recordeth, w hich yeeldeth a bletidy juyee as ours doc,and thereloi e, as he faith was called t'n& enter, and is taken from the leaves, not by bruiling and wringing out the juyee, as the juyeeof other herbes are taken,but droppeth out of the veines of the leaves of it owne accord, being broken off and laid in any thing to receive it, in the fame manner as 1 have fhe wed you here before the juyee of Aloes is prepared, and that I may enforme you throughly how to doe it, the time is chiefely to be regarded, that is, While the leaves are young, or before they grow hard and faplcffe upon the flalkes when they are old ; for both leaves, llalkes, and the young heads being broken off will) eeld that red or bloody juyee. The Atrallylis is in fome copies of Diofcm-idcs as Matthiolus fheweth, called Cnicus fylvejlris, and derived Irom IttamisAdiftfufus, whereupon Gtnza trar.flal teth it Fufns agrejlis, the dried ITalke whereof, as Diafccrides faith, the women in ancient times uledin Head of a Rockeor Diftaffe, yet Cs/wwwuhinketh it tooke the name from the head, which beingftored, as he faith, with hoary downe, the reft of the ftalke underneath being bare lefembleth a Rocke or Diftaffe with wooll upon it and thereupon fome called it alio Coltts ruflica, howfoever Matthiolus thinketh, that the diverfitic of thefc names fhould certainely demonftrate twofeverail plants, for you fee they are indifferently ufed, and fo called by theon- cicnt Authors them (elves, tide, cither for a Rocke or Diftaffe, or fora Spinde. The firft here fee downe, is called by Clufeui Cnicus alter , becaufe, as he laith, it is fo like the firft Cnicus called fativus , and from him Camerarius Label, Lugdunenfu and others doe la call it, or Cnicus caruleus : the fecond and third is called Atraliylii lutea o'* purpurea by many Authors, buc "Baubinus in driving to fhew a Cnicusfylvefl is difFefingTront/4/t«S»&, bath in my opinion erred much ■■ for as I faid before, the moft judicious of our times can finde no other Cnicus fyhejhi, hut the Atr ably lit which he doth not fo acknowledge, blit malteth the Atrallylis of CMatthiolus ( whom Caflor Vurantes, Lacuna,Lugdunen/is and Gerard^ do follow,exhibiting the fame figure of his, which is acknowledged bv Camerarius to be a falle one) to be the true At>a(lylis,vihkh Matthiolus himfelfe did not fo acknowledge, be¬ caufe,as he faid,it wanted chetru: propertieof AnallyH, to yceld a bloody juyee, and moreover confoundeth the Car/ina fylveflris of Clsifitts , with the C“rduus vulgatiffimus viarum of Label , and hit C ir fi um l«teum Scq„an 0 - rum, andmaketh the Acarnaoi Lugdunenfis, and the Scclymus Pliny of Dodonstus to be the fame AtraBylis Q f Tragus, Fuchfius, firdus,Gefi,cr and others, which he would rather call Cnicus fylveflris jpinofior than Atrallr- lis, as alfo making the Atraliylii of filumna, to be a differing herbefrSm that ofthole former Authors, whenas his defeription and notes thereof fhew it to be the fame and no other. Baulinas againe maketh Fee. Atrallylis Cy- pria of Anguilara and Lugdunenfis to be the fame Atrallylis flare purpurea of Label, ‘Dodonsus, and LuedunenRs whenas they plainely diftinguifh them; and laftly, he maketh the Cbalochierm of Uonorius Bellas mentioned in the firft E piffle he wrote to Clufiur, to be a differing plant from Atraliylii vulgar is,when as Clufius himfelfe faith that law it growing with him that it was like the ordinary Atraliylii. It may be called in Snglifi, cither wilde haftard Saffron, as referring it to (fnicus or Diftaffe Thiftlc unto the AtraSylis, The Venues. The Atrallylis, as Galen faith, is ofadryingfaculty,and moderately digefting. Diafiorades faith that they fliall f ecle no paines of the Hinging of the Scorpion for fo long as it is held by them, but that the pair.es returne as foone as they lay it by. Pliny laith that it helpcth greatly againft the venome of all creatures, as’alfo againft the hartne that commeth by eating Muflrromes: I finde no propcitie exprefled of the other b. Hard Saffron of Clufiu, The properties of the Spanifb Saffron or gardenbaftard Saffron called Cnicus, is briefely fet downe in iny former book- but becaufe I was therein more fhort chan was convenient or expefled, 1 thinke good to fet . downe the vertues thereof in this place fomewhat more amply. Galen faith little of it, the feede onely, faith he, is tiled onelyfor purgations, and is hot in the third degiee being outwardly applied: but CMefues fpeaketh more largely thereof in this manner.-it is hot in the firft degree,and dry in the fecond; the pulpe or kerndl of the feede is chiefely ufed, yet the flower is not unprofitable, which being taken inwardly purgeth flegme and water by Vomit, and fo doth it al¬ fo being ufed in a glider, which therefore is profitable againft thofe difeafes are bred thereof, as alfo the collicke and the like ntclcanfeth theftomacke and lungs of tough flegme flicking tflcrein, efpectally being made into an Electuary or Lohoc, with theoyle drawnc from the feede, which alio maketh the voyce cleare that was hoarfc, as alio encreafeth the fperme.if be much ufed, but it is of evill nourifhment, very hurtful] to theftomacke, and procure* loathing and trouble thereunto,he therefore adviftth toufe ftomachicall hdpes, as Anifcede and Ga- langa or Mafticke if neede be, or of thofe that are more forcible, that is, Cardamomes, Ginger md« e *w which quicken his operatiou , and preferve the inward parts from harme : the flowers thereof taken with fweete wine helpeth the jaundife, for itclenfcth and openeth, yet in a meaner degtee than the milkieheibes jwhich I underhand to be the Tithymales) the Lohoc that UUefues fo much commendeth againft the deftdb of the chelt and lungs is made in this manner. Take three drammes of the inner kernells of the feede of Cniast or Carthamtts, one dramme of Allmonds, and halfe a dramme of Pineapple kernells, rhefe being made into an Ele- fluary with honey, wherein the dried feales of Scylla have beene boyled is admirable good for the fai'd purnofe This note is given alfo of the feedes hereof, that thofe that come out of the Levant countries are mote quicke in purging, and more powerfull in operation than thofe of theft neeccr parts. Chap. IIII. Acarna. The FifhThiftle. j E "fn th ^ hmie i Sf ^ t0 be /° L like , untc “ and Cnicus that it might bee the fame.' 1|ff < / 1 leafc andjuyee, 1 thinke it not amiflero joyne it next thereunto; $£§ rh-e. a C C e a n clCrj t Writers thereof, which aieTkeophraftus and Pliny have beene very briefe in « • ere ^r-V < ?^f 2t ^ er ^ avc §* ven none ac or but by companion, the moderne authors f hZ* every ones opinion led them, of all whichicisnotamiffe o fpcak in this Chapcenand Wichall to Ihcw you which of them is held to come neereft untochat of the ancients. Acarna Tribe 9. The Theater of Tlants. 1 AcarnafLore Ititeopatulo, The fifh Thiftle with abroad yellow flower. c r a Thiftle hath many leaves lying in a compaffe upon the ground, {'mailer, narrower, harder and more ■Vfclir then either emeus or AtraBilitoi ayellowifti greene colour on the upper fide and gtayifh underneath, V infr nrirkea are fmall and yellow, and when the ftalkebeing one or more nleth up are let thereon on all fides unto the toppe without order,where itbrancheth forth into two or three parts bearing fmall prickly heads, from «,henre come forth the flowers compofed of many fmall leaves of a yellow colour (landing as a pale or border Tout a more yellow thrum, in forme of an After or Starrewort, which when they are paft the feede being fmall and erayifh is found Wrapped in downe: the roote is about a footer long of a fingers thickeneffe, and of a whitifia colour with divers fibres growing thereat,fmellmg fweet and yelding alfo a white milke fweet w tide and vif- cous or clammy qi ^^JfJn^arpureo rutentefutulo. The fifh Thiftle with broad reddifh flowers. This fmall Thifile hath (hotter andbroader leaves then the former denied or cut iu on the edges, and fer with fmall fharpe Ptickes greene on the upper fide and grayifh underneath : the ftalke rifeth nothing fo high as the for¬ mer beating fmaller leaves thereon but not lefl'e prickly and fuch like heads and flowers at the toppes as in the other but that the pale or border of leaves are not yellow but reddifh fet about a middle yellow tbramme. 2 A can* altera Apula. The Neapolitane fifh Thifile, This NeapolitaneThiftles lowed leaves are fpread on the ground (omewhat like unto the AtraBjlis or difiaffc Thifile butbroader andfetwith more and (harper prickes, from the middle of whom rife up divers fomewhae reddifh ftalkes about a cubit high,having fuch like leaves fet thereon which yeeld a white rmlke like the laft, and bearing at the tops(not feverall heads like the laft but) a tuft or umbell of many fmall prickly heads fet toge¬ ther fomewhat like into the toppesof the blacke Chameleon Thiftle, and out of them rife fmall leaves as bcatds ' of a deepe yeiloW colour fet about a middle thrum, of a paler yellow colour, the milkie j nice that this giveth bc- ing condenfate and made thicke is like unto Sum. 5 a Acarna glob efts capitulis , Round headed fifh Thiftle# This Globe Thifile is a fmall plant about a foot high (hooting forth from the head of the roote which is long and fmall many leaves fome of an inch or more, or two inches iong.anu lcatfe halte an inch broad, much cur in on the edges,and thicke fet with prickes,grow ing round about the ftalke without order at the toppe w hereof is jet a round head,netted as it were all over,and compofed of many very (mail end narrow leav es, armed on both fides with long fharpe prickes,out of whofe middle ftarteth forth a fmall yellow flower, from the toppe of which ftalke fpringeth fofth fometimes two other ftalkes s bearmg each of them a round head like the other but Idler: the whole beauty of the plant confifteth in thofe round heads, formed lAe a net. y / Acarna hum'tlis cattle foliojo. The low fifhThiftle with winged ftalkes. T-he ftalke of this low thiftle is winged from thebottome to the toppe that is having a jagged prickly filme fee on both fides thereof,and long narrow j'agged prickly leaves two fet at a joynt, from whence it brancheth forth in divers places unto the toppe, and bearing thereon (hiding yellow flowers like thole of Cmcm or Atrattyhs ri- yHAP.4, 965 i. Actinia flore luteopatulo. TheF 1'fli Thiftle vtitha broad yellow flower. 3 . Acarna altera Apula. The Neapolitane FjflrThifUe. fiisg i * 1 ‘,1 51S iff, V 1 i : 1 . ;i; ■■>'\ I 1 I 1 ' ' 1 T r I b E 9* The Theater of Plants. Qua k 5 < fing out of long prickly heads, with fuch like leaves under them : the ftedTthat followeth is (mail amfUa^kiftT but like unto the Atraftylis or baftard Saffron : the roote alio is not much unlike it perifhing every yeare 6 . Acarna major foliofo caule. Clufius his Chameleon Thiftle of Salamanca. 1 The Ctaikc ofthis Thiftle likewife is winged like the laft but not with fo large afilme nor fo’much jagged/rom whence ftioot forth branches on all (ides with longer and narrower leaves thereon, fomewhat hoary and not fo deepely jagged,but fct with long &fliarpe prickles,at the tops of the branches Hand many fuch like Hrarpe prickly leaves, from among which rife five or fix Imall prickly heads as it were in a tuft fet together.out of w h ; ch come pale purplifh flowers confiding of thrcads,in which after they are pall lye the feede wrapped in doWneyn forme like unto the Cnlcus or baftard Saffron but (mailer and of a blackifh gray colour. 7. Acarna major cattle non foliofo, The fuppofed true Acarna of Thcophraftus. The true Acarna of Theophrafius as it is fuppofed by divers,hath fundry leaves lying 011 the ground in a compalfc Which begin to wither as foone as they rife up with the ftalke,being fometimes but one,and fometimes more red ’ diflr and covered withdowne, the leaves that are fct thereon without order are long and narrow,and deepely endentcd, hoary or white underneath, thicke fct with (hort prickes very like unto the upper leaves of AtraHylj, or Diftaffe Thiftle, whofetoppes are fet with fuch like leaves alfo, and very pale yellow flowers made of chreads riling out ofthemidft of fmall prickly heads, after which come fmall (lender feede of thefafhion of Cnicus - the roote is fmall fhort and white, With divers fibres thereat. 8. Acarna minor caule nonfoliofo jive Leo ef Cardans ferox. The cruell fliarpe Thiftle This cruell prickly Thiftle that is almoft wholly compofed of fharp pricks,groweth little above an hand breadth high,whole leaves are long and narrow, thicke let with mod cruell fnarpe prickes on all fides, at the toppes (land yellow thrummy flowers in fliarpe prickly heads,fo ftrongly armed that the moft cautelous cannot touch it with- out being pricked : the roote is long and ftringie. . The Place. . The firft groweth in Spatne as Clufius faith : the fecond and third in the kingdome of Naples : the fourth in Spatne from whence Gmlaume Boel brought it,& (hewed it us as well as Clufius who doth remember both him & It in the 66 . page of his Cure Pofteriores : the fife Lobel faith groweth in the countrey of Crait among thole of Salon in rhe Provence of Prance : the fixtas Clufius faith about Salamanca in Spaine: the feaventh on & the heath grounds among the Sequanis as Lobel faith,and the laft on the Appennine hills, and in fome places of Italy. The Time.. S'omeof thefe Thirties flower very late with'us fo that there is fcldomeripe feede to be gathered from them, others flower and feede in Inly and Au^ufi, * The Names. It is called in Greeke«Kjr*Md braya and fo likewife Acarm and Acorna in Latine,reckoned by Theophrafius and iVi»7 to be \3.jedes o( Cnicus or AtraBylU becaufe it is fo like that it might be faid to be the fame but, that the Atraltyhs is whiter and this more browne or yellow, and that it givech not a blooddy juice which is proper one- ly to Atractylii. The firft here fet downe is thought to be Eryngium Archifenis which hath the Ieafe of Atratty- Us, and the yellow flower of Buththalmum with Clufitts and ‘Dodomus it is Car/ina fylvefiri, minor, with L„. bel Acarm five Setjuanorum CirfijCarlintue variety, with Lugdmenfis Acarnt fimilit Carlina fylvefiri, minor, and With TSatthinus Acarnafiore luteo patulo: the fecond is called by Columna Acanthoides parva Apuia, and by Bauhi- ms Acarnafiore pstrpufto rubente patu/01 the third is called by Columna Acarna. altera Apula, and by Bauhinns Acarna capituhs parvis Inters in umbelta : the fourth Clufius fetteth forth in die 66 . page of his Curt pofteriores, by thenamc of Carhnaalittdgenus, but called by Batthinus Acarna capitals, globofis : the lift is called by Label Pkno. mos Crete Salonenfts GalloprovincU, by Lugduncnfisit is called in his Chapter of AtraBylis, AtraBylis marina P tcnocomon Pent, but in the Chapter of Chameleon he giveth another figure with the fame title of Picnemos Crete Salonenfts Vent, accounting it there to be a kinde of Chamalion nifier as Label mi Pena themfelves fay it may bell bee referred unto, yec'Bauhinus maketh thereof no mention among the Chameleons but in the ScolymusTheo. phrafii,by Tabcrmontanus and Gerard Chamtleon niger, and by Bauhinns oAcarna humilis caule foliofo : thefixt is the Chameleon mger Salmanticenfis of Clufius, Dodonerts and Gerard who follow him, byTabermontarms Cha¬ meleon hifpamca, and by Bauhinns tAcarnamajor canle foliofo : the feavem'nis the Acarna Theophrafiiof Anoui- lara, Label, Lugdmenfis mi T'abermontanus ,callcd Cirfittm lutettm Secjuanontm as Pena faith, and Srifithales of Angut 'ara, and is the moft likely to be the true Acarna of Theophrafius and Plifty,-is by all thefe mens judgements dothappeare, and called by Bauhinns Acarna major caule non foliofo : the laft is called by Bodontns Leo Cardans ferex, and by Lobel Phanix Leo Carduusferox, and by Bauhinns Acarna minor cattle nonjoliofo. ThcVertues , The Vertues of Aetna either of the one or of the other are not fet downe by any that have made experience of them, but as they are in forme neareft unto AtraBylisfo they may be in qualities alfo, unto it therefore it may be referred uncill more certaine proofe hath beene declared of them. Chap.- V. Chamtlion & Carlina. The Camadeori or changeable Thiftle,and the Carline Thiftle, 8 He Chamadeon Thiftle is divided by the ancient writers into white and blacke, both which I intend to (hew yon in this Chapter but the true knowledge of them and their right diftinflions hath troubled ma¬ ny,as alio whether the Carline Thiftle be a different plant from the white Chamadeon Thiftle. •C _ ' 1 • “We* albus verus acauli,. The true Chamadeon or changeable Thiftle without a ftalke. The true Chamadeon or changeable Thiftle without a ftalke (which differeth from the Carline Thiftle without a Italke as you fhall heare by and by ) hath fundry large leaves lying on the ground a foote long or mote cut in on ce ges and more prickly then the Carline Thiftle, whole cutsor diviftons are more like unto thole ofthe Artichoke T heat rum Botanicum . RSEE Artichoke,being white and as it were hoary and fometimesgrcene,apd reddifh when they grow old, which va- netie fas Dioftoriclrs faith was the caufeot the name)would make many to belceve they were differing plants and ibmewhar hairy underneath : among thefe leaves rifeth a round hoary prickly head without any ftalke, o£ the bignelt'e of a "rear Thiftle head in which the flower is conteined, and is not compolcd of a border of leaves w ith a middle thrum as the Carline Thiflle hath, but out of the head rife divers flowers made of threds, every one en¬ din'* in five parts or points,in the fame manner as is to bee feeneinthe flower of the Artichoke,w hereunto it is moft like, but not of (uch a purplifh blew, but rather of a pale reddifh colourwhich withering, there growerh in the head fmall long and grayifh flaining feede,lying as it were at the foote of every flower as is ufuall in moft Thiftles, but are not thicke and round or cornered as Cmou the baftard Saffron ieede, and many other Thiflles feede are, which when they are ripe the head openeth it felfe as other Thiflles doc, and they together with the downe are carried away with the winder the roote is fomewhat thicke and long, reddifh orbrownifli on the outfide and white within, yeelding plentie of milke if it be never fo little broken or cut, which bccaule it is very thicke and vifeous hardeneth quickly and fallerh into fmall droppes or peeces, of a flrong but aromaticall lent not unpleafant, and quickly pierfing the fenfes, whofe tafte is fweete and fit to be eaten : about the leaves and prick¬ ly heads alfo hereof is fbmetimes and in fome places found a certaine peece of gumme flicking, which at the fiift is loft and glewifh.and being dryed is harder like unto the mitkie gumme of the roote. J. Carlim humilis acaulis. The low CarhneThiflle. The low Carline Thiflle (which is ufually accounted for the white Chamxleon Thiftle) hath many long and! lar°e leaves lying onthe ground cut in on both fides, and let with flrarpe prickles, but not cut in fo deepe r,or lo flwpe as the former ot true white Chameleon Thiftle,among which rileth a large head without any ftalkc, com- pafled about with divers long and narrow leaves, cut in on the edges and as prickly as the urdermoft, and both, of a whitilh creenc colour not varying as in the former, the head hath a number of whitifh not purplifh leaves un- leffe it be alittle purplifh underneath, fet about with leaves like a crowne or border as in the corne Marigold and many other the like flowers, which leaves are thinne fomewhatlong hard frnooth and fhining, the umboneor middle thrumme being flat and made of many fmall and thicke yellow flowers like threads: this hath in fome places a kind of vilcous or glewifh gum iffuirg from the roote as alfo about the Thiflly head which being hard- ned relembleth white Maff ick very notablyjthe head before it feedeth openeth in thedayanddofethatihe night. 3. farltnac.iiilefcou. The Carline Thiftle with a ftalke. This Carline Thiflle neve i.Avreth low like the laft, but beareth a reddifh ftalke about a foote high,and there¬ on narrower greener and more prickly leaves then the low kinde, the heads ot flowers at the toppe of the ftalkc are many, every one (landing on his owne footeftalke, compofed of a border of Imalkr leaves being hard, thin, Imooth and whitifh like the former, whofe middle thrumme is yellowifh before the flowers therein begin to open but then are of a reddifli purple colour, which thing unlcffe one heeae it well hee may thinke them divers plants : the roote is blackifn on the outfide, but whitifh within, and as it were biften off, which being cut or broken yceldeth fuch like thicke white vifeous milke,and hardneth ir.ro a gumme as in the former, but of no fenc :% carlim 1 humlis. The low Carline Thiftle/ Cartinacau'cfcent. The Cailine Thiftle with a ftalke* L T R I B E p. The TheateropPlantsT £& fw " tC in Cafte > whereupon (faith, Chj p. 5 , g 6 p the fame plant< ' ~.* - mineautho O wc may /ndge it to bet of the lame kind b«TT This low thiftledoth'yearely fendTbrth'dTv^rsver'^| I, »«"■ ana DiacKiir C((rjfjM fjtocftnt major. The great wilde Carline Thiftle. This Wilde Cailinc Thiftle prickly fta'ks rifing froffi™ ‘ 7^ and f ocnew hatlike unto tow long leaves thereon y F : d „ the tops 0 f eacn a tCdd ‘ fl1, 6 Cdrdenu fire*ft* TxlneTheofhrap. The Pine Thiftle. rti.W.veTOftkh^.lo^tote^^^^ of the thickneffe ofones thumbe^ g ow g rafting hot, the end, but white within, toe ling iw^ of # weake * and fomewhat like the Carlin ■ > _j rQm tbenc e are long pleafanter a middle rib therein,fomewhat like to the leaves of Cyperus, ^harder wltotcandto^, from among the therne Maftidt of a hot talk, yellowifh hveer gurru , ^ j, . & Tled kom the various tine Chmdeon or Chamdeo albw & mger (Gaza tranliatetn cncm u ~ J appearance Tbeatrum Botanicim . T R I B E 9. 7. Chameleon uigtr verm. The true bhckeChamsIion Thiftk* T r se e 9, The Theater of Plants. C H A P.,^ appearance ot the leaves, Diofcorides faith it of the wbice, bur Pliny both of the white and blacke, the Carlins 7 hiftle is called in Latin t Car Una quafi Carolina, for it is fuppofed chat the great Emperour called (burlemaine had this herbc (hewed him in his fleepe by an Angel, with the roote whereof he might cure his Army inferred with the Plague: itisthoughtas I faid of many to be the Cbamaleoalbus (out oiothztsobfc.tv\mtht differcnccs,ic is thought not to be knowne to the ancient writers. Lugdunenfis firivcth with many words, and by altering and correcting the Greeke text of Dio/coridrs to prove them both one plant, yet laftly hce faith chat many skilfull Herbarifts did call Carlina Jxm$ Tbeophrafti :and fo doth Fabius Column* indeede judge,and that the Ixine I'pina oh Tbeopbrafius (miftermed Helxine by ‘Pliny) which Gaza tranflateth (arduus pinea & lxia alto,better doth agree with our Carlina then with th cCbamaleon albus of Diofcorides : and that becaufe as it is likely bee never law the true Ixine ofThcophraftw) which isa much differing plant; but ‘Diofcorides faith the white Chameleon Thiftle was called lxia by fome in his time,bccaufe in fome places there grew about the roote a kinde of birdlime, which the women ufed in head of Mafticke, and Pliny faith the Cretancs e{pc daily tooke a little thereof after fnpper, to keepe them waking in working in the night, but being a by name I thinks it alfo a falfe name, for lxia iu faid to be a deadly poyfon by Diofcorides himfclfe, who fheweth it with the remedies thereof, in bis £xt booke and 21. Chapter, and the roote of the white Chameleon is faid by Diofcorides to be an Alexipbarmacetm or cotin- terpoy fon, fo that it or any thing growing from it can no wayes be accounted deadly or dangerous:buc that clam¬ my gum or birdlime (call it what you will) indeede that groweeh at the roote of the blacke Chameleon is truly called lxia and Jlopbonon, that is, the corruption or corrupter of the blood, and Pliny in his 22. Booke and 1 8 . Chapter doth fay that the roote of the blacke Chameleon was called Vlopkonon and (fyncwlon (miftaking Diofco - rides his Cynoxylon ) and as it is fet downe in the divers appellations of herbes attributed to Diofcorides , the blacke Chameleon alio is called Vlopbonon by fome, and lxia by others,and Cynoxylon. Some alfo have affirmed as Mat - tbiolus fheweth in his comments upon the Lxia of Diofcorides jfc&X. Ixtafc ould be the Ixine of Tbeopbrafius whom he confuterb effedtuallyj fhewing that Tbeopbrafius i n diferibing Ixine doth not declare any evili quality therein, but more then fo,he faith that it yeeldcth a Lacryma or Gum that is of a good tafte, and called Acantbine or Spina¬ lis Ulfafiicbe becaute it was fo like Mafticke, and grew on a Thorne or Thiftle, and although as Mat tbiolus faith, he had not feene any Gum abcu t the roote of Ixine (which hee miftooke for the white Chameleon both in that and in other places) in Italy, yet faith tbatfuch was lent him both from Cor tufas of Padoa and CaUolarius from Verona^ and faith alfo that he underftood by a Candiot Herbarift, that the Fletchers in Candy did ufe the laid Gum to fafien Feathers to Arrowes as others doe with Glew ; Matthiolw fetteth forth the Carlina caitlefctns (as it is judged by the beft) to bee the true Cbamfleoniger of Diofcorides and Tbeopbrafius > although himlelfe findet'n form defei therein and likewife impugrfeth that which Marantafcnz him from Naples, as not anfwering the d’efeription thereof, which is now received by the molt judicious to bee the indubitate blacke Chatnadeon, Co - /// 7 »^feemethto tbinkein thedifcourleof C bam* l ec albus andniger that lxia (and not Ixine') was a fmall low plant, more agreeing with the blacke then the white Chameleon, efpecially feeing that Diofcorides in the end of his Preface to his fixt booke numbreth/.vfi* as well as Ghamaleon among the roots that are venemous,: The fu ff here fet downe is the (bam*L 0 albus Apulw purpureo fore gummifer of Column# differing from the ufuall Carlina which is taken by many to be (fhamzleon albus as is evident the by deferiptionfit is alfo the ChametLon albus gummi m CMaflix fenens of Hcnorius Bellm, exprdfed in his firft Epiftle to C la fins 1 but Bassbinm callcch it Carlina acaulis gummi fera , whereof I much marvaile that hefhould continue that opinion of Chamaleo albus and (arlinatobe. both but one plant, knowing that Columna fhewed them plainely in his booke to be different, alchough that Car¬ lina as well as CbamAco albtu giveth a like gum alfo : and that Tbeopbrafius his Ixine hath fuch likewile which Columna as i? fayd being deceived thought to be Carlina :the fecond is the Car Una bumilis of Coltmntij taken by him to be the Ixine of Tbeopbrafiits as AngmLra did before him)and D odon*us yax\d called by Label Carlina berbaaiorum (yet thought by him Sc Clufius to be the Chamalon albus oiDiofcorides as Gnilandinus in Papyro did thinke before.) as alfo by Matthiolus >Cordus and Lugdunenfis C*falp:ntts (farlina ■julgp^xid by Gefner in hortirCardopatium caule nullo , by Sr.iciw Cordus Carduus pants fen pads, by Camerarius Carlina feffilifiorey by Dodon*us in former times taken to be Spina Arabica, and by the Monkes that commented upon Mefu.es Acantbe Isnce of Diofcorid.cs , and by B an bin: is Carlina acanlos magnofiore : the third is the (farlina caulefcens ob Columna and Camerarius both in borth and in Lpitomeby Dcdonaus Carlina five Leucacantha^ by C&falpinm Carlin* alter um genus } by Clufius Carlina ma¬ jor & elatior i by Lugdunenfis Carlina cattlem habens y and taketh it alfo to be Crocodilian , by Gefner in bortis Cardo - pat turn flore albo caulemhabens , and called by Lob el Cbamaleo albus cauledonatns , but Cbamelco niger by Lacuna * cMattbiolui and Lugdunenfis , Chameleon niger vulgaris by Tragus and Be filer that fet forth the Hortus Eyftetenfis, by Erunfelfius as Banbimss {aith in his Alattfjiolus Eberwurtz . that is, Apri radix (and from hence came the name of Carduus Suarius ) and Cardopacis , but in his Pinax he referreth this name of Brunfelpus unto the Carlina acau- lisy fo that it feemeth the Germi- nes call both forts Eberwurtx, he himfelfe calling it in his P inax Carlina cattle- ferns magnofiore , and in his cMatthiqlus, Carlina caule donatus : the fourth is called Chameleon albus feu exigent? by Tragus and Lugdunenfis t and parvus by Louieerus, by Colnmna Chameleon Septentrionalium exigents appelia- tus , by Label Carduus acaulis Septentrionalium, by Clufiw Car Una minor purpureo flore y who faith that fome were of opinion that it did not feeme unlike unto the ChamreleonofT/7d , ^r^y?«jinhisfixt Bocke and third Chapter,and by Baubinus (farlina acaulis minor purpureo flore : thefift is the Carlina fylvefiris vulgaris , the firft Carlinafylvefires cfiDodonsLus ,andthe Acarriti. vel Cirfiumluteu Secyuanorum olLobcly&c. thefixt is fet forth by A/pinus in his bock de plant is exoticis, and called alfo by him as Gaz,a did Carduus Pinea, but is not, although fome- what like the I ace a pir.ea called pumila Narbon of Lobe! the Iaft is called Chameleon niger DiofcoridU by Angetilara dWarantba, Cortufus^Camerarius y Lebel and Coltsmna^ and Cbamaleon niger alter by Matthiolus, Chameleon nigr verw Dalecbampij by LugdunenfisybutthQughttobcCrocodilionby Tdbermontanus , and called by Banhimu Cba~ maleon niger umbeJattts fore car uleo byacinthino . The Italians c^W the white and blacke Chameleon Thiitle Came - Icon bianco and nero, and the white moreufaally Carlina, the Spaniards call both forts Cardo pinto , the French call the white Charline and Chameleon blanc,buX.t\\cb\ackcChardonnette ; the Germanes as is faid before call all forts Eberrvurtz, as the Dutch doe Ebewortelc, and wee in Englifh Chameleon Thiftleor Changeable Thiftle, White or blacke,or as they arc fet downe in their titles, and the reft accordingly. , Oqoo z The Chap.6. ‘Theatrum ‘Bctanicwn. RISE The Vertues. remote of the white Chameleon ThilUe, faith ‘Diofcondes, taken to the quant.tie of a fpocnefull in red wine, l nliJlnm hath beetle boyled killeth the broad wortnes in the belly : a dramme thereof taken in wine Mn-rh droofe perfons for it extenuates their belly, the decoftion thereof is profitable for them that cannot make ware ofderU’. Theophrafins and Ph V from him laith.that the root hereof cut into peeces Sc nung up on Hungs to drie Lafterwards bovled in broath.or otherwife taken doth help the defluxions of rheume that fall from the head dne, &atterwaras ooy faith he would trie whether afickeperfon thould die or live, lfhebeare the eyes, teeth, r00te he Avail not die: .? is as a Treakle or an antidote and endure three tim s g ^ from hcnce ic is f up p 0 f e d that the Carline ThiQ Ic roote was uledagainft the plague n"the Hmperot 0 >*rles his army (although it be iuggefted to be declared by an Angell, without an the plague in the emp t A ng<; Il from due obfervation and praftile, which hath fince found it very efie- fertotS u r n h H^” S 0f H e H "nts and vet Diofcorid;s faith,the roote of Chameleon albxs given to dogs, fwme, or mile, killeth them, which utonert e i a Ho found in divers other things,as on the contrary fide divers creatures do feede on theft things that propert e is alio> roiin Thiftle is faid by Diofcondes to cure the itch,the roote being beaten andmfsXi h Ax*i 2 and lbnfed, and being boiled in vinegar and feme brimftoneput: to it killeth tetters, and and mixed with •? f and , l ann e from all blemifhes, deformities, and dil colouring being nfed with r.ngwormesi.tcler tie* the f ee tdoedi and alfo with thole that confume and STrandS tobeufed inwardly f t any difeafe, by reafon of the virulent quahtie therein, but onely al owed, of the deccfl.on to be t.lcd mu army ; ' Da ;„ es 0 f them: or by the roote btuiled and bovled in vinegar to helpc thereof to gargle there -1 e.. b P etollchcdt her C with.Ofour wilde Carline Thiftle I have notknov ne the tooth-ach and to breake them it tt ■e be ::c peilwadcd that it commeth ncete to the qualities S C^lKift h ou ^ard before .- and of the gummes, cither of the whiS cwlot CarlineThillle, there isno other fpeciall ptopeme fet downe by any than is declared be¬ fore that as icis called Mafticke of the Thiftle,lo it is uled as Mafticke to chew in the month, both to amend the eWli favour of the breath, and bv realbn of the dewing qual.tie to flay rheume, and to (trengthen loole t eech: for the illvee doth blfow the propertie of the berbe or tree 1, om whence it is taken : and although the gu mme of the SKI be called /.via. as Dio/corides faith, yet the Ixin that is poyfonous is another thing qu.redifter.ng from this for neither Diofcondes not Theophrajlw doe attribute any venemous or evill quahtie thereunto. Of the auaTitiesbothofthe white andblacke Chameleon Galen in 8 .ftmfHciummed faith thus = ,n the roote of the blade chamtlenion Thiftle, there is fomevvhat thatis deadly, and.therefore then tetters Vc and to clenie the skin: but the roote of the white Chameleon', Thiftle,belides that it kil eth the broade wotmefin the body or belly , it is given alfo to thofc that have a dropf.e.and Is fomewhat like in the temperature unto the blacke Chameleon, Lit thac ic is more bitter than the white. Panins and cfmin their Treadle- o po> - fo, ° after they have fpoken of the poyfons in both forts of Thiftle. and h' n" d the poyfonousftw in the fame manner that Diofcondes doth, wherefore we may conclude that :lxu hath a double interpretation and doth as well fignifie the harmeleffegummes of the white Chameleon anil Carhne Thirties, as th^poy^onousgummeor roote which is deadly : but b^caufe we ate not f ure that it is taken Iron, the blacke Cha. ms Icon Thiftle, 1 thinke it ncedlefle here co fet downe the cure of it. Chap. VI. Cables TieophralHJdefi Scot,mas Diofcor.dis & ScolymnsTheofhraftijniErynginm Intern, eft. The prickly or wilde Artichocke Thiftle, and thegolden Thiftle. fSpfflF all the forts of manured Artichockes, whether prickly like Thiftles, or not.being fit: to.be•jaten, I have fufficiently fpoken in my former Booke; and intend not further to fpeake of them a a ame . but ot ioi LVothet kinoes that are more prickly, and mote like Thiftles, whereof there arc two or three forts which (hall be here expreffed. j Scolymui Diojcoridts, The prickly or wilde Artichocke lniltle. .... This nricklv or wilde ArtichockThiftlc hath divers long thicke,hard,but narrow leaves, ending ‘j 1 011 5 P° ln ' s fomewhatcut bon the ed"es, fet with ftrong and fliarpe great prickes, which growing on thefta kcscompalTe SteSS Of a datke gteene colouri at the to£pe of each ft.lke and branch ftandeth one fc y n i nr ifklvhead Idler than thofe ofthc Chardons that arc kept to be eaten , from the middle vvuereot put o cl toii5SKfcn threads, which after they h ve flood fome time pafle away, the feede m their heads being flat and like other Thiftles: the roote is great and Ipreadeth much. , Cynara fvlvcftris Cretica. The Candy wilde Artichocke. This wilde Artichoke from among the long and hoary white leaves fomewhat b,^ on the edges, and thicke armed with long & (harpe prickes, life up fundry r0 r 'Sv heU which and branched into two or three parts fome times, at the toppes bearing fma.lftaly (1 ■, P. ■ cleared, are eaten by the Pcafants of the countrey,hoth gteeneland boyled after the fcal^esand flrirpeitickle^s * with fait, oyle, and pepper, and are as pleafant to their palate, as a damtie Artichoke to ours. the y long, and groicethdccpe. ^ . Sryn f Mm Unenm CMonJpelienfinm. The go.lden Thiftle The golden Thiftle (hooteth forth divers skinny & prickly flalkes.which in fo ™ e at e«?y right.andin other countries.as Mompelier , and ours alfo, bendeth with them un.o the g • > vv i, ere clfe, joynt both a branch and a lcafe, which islong and fomewhat narrow (mailer at the bottome than anj wh ^ ^ much cut in on the edges, and fet with fmall white prickes in fome placesimarke eav . csa iXh C ftalkes, deepe greene leaves, but in others & in my garden none at ah : at the joynts between fedof f ma ll fcalcs and at the toppes alfo come forth feverallhnall heads, fmaller than any of the former, P wdb with very fharpe prickea at the endjJ out of the middle whereof (fare forth many gold yellow threads, which abide not long, and wherein when they are part the feede is contained, being fmall and thinne fcales lying clofe together s the rootc is Jong,of the bigneffe of a finger,very fweete and pleafanc to care like unto Erjngium Sea Holly: both rootc and leaves doc yeeld a white milke, efpecially when they are young, and perifh every yeare. r The place. The firft is found about Montpelier and the laft in Spaine : the iecond is naturall of Car.Ay. The Time. They doe all flower in the end of Sommer, and their feede ri- peneth quickly. The Names Dinfcorides calleth the firft in Greek Sainfe©- Scolymtts, which the Latmesgenerally traflatefimply, and Thcophraflm o calleth the laft alfo, yet there is great difference betweene tiem, tor chat of Diofcorides was knovvne unto Theophrajlus, who called it >@w©- Catlos (being the fame that is Sailed and "rajs Cjnar mni Cmarafor it is written both wayes by divers, ana as Columella and Palladia; thinke tooke the name annerc wherein they delight to grow, but is not likely that the ^reekes derived their names from Latine appellations, but contrariwifethe Latincsfrom the ffireekes, forfo the ancient both Poets and Orators doe declare, as Sophocles flecutzus Mi- /'fi’tsCahmacbus and others: and Athetum in his fecond Book' maketh mention oi Cfrm* Spina, fome Poets have therefore invented a tale of a faire maid called Cyrana, metamorphofed in-. to an Artichoke,and fome againe thinke it tooke the name from i!" cams, and that Locrns a King asking connfell at ApoUos Oracle at Delphos it was anfwered him thathee (liould there tmld him a City where he fhould be bitten by a woodden Dog, Who afterwards being 1 hurt in the Legge by a wildc Artichoke, Oooo 3 ? « TbeophnlliJive Erynyum Intern Monftilimfitm. The golden Tfufllc. Cs AP.7. Tbeatnm Botanicum . a 1 b r where it grew did there build his City : but Thdymus in Atheneus faith it was the Cynosbatos Cants fentis, the BryerbiUh, but the Scolymitt of Theophrajlut was not kuowne unto Diofe orides. ¥ liny lib. cheap. 2 a. confoun- dethboth the kinds of Scolymus together, as if they were both one plant, giving the vertuesof bcthasuntoor.e, and faith moreover that the Scolymus of the Grecians is called all'o by another name Limcn'mm, which is the Theophrajlut lib.6.c. 11. which Gaza very falfly tranflateth Betafylvejlris, whereas Theophrajlut r.um- breth it among the Thiftle-like plants, and is a differing Thiftle from Scolymus let downe in the fame place. Lo- Wcalleth the firll Cynara /y/w/fw.becaufe as he faith it doth fo oearely refemble the Cynara aculeata , as iKoSco- limirs fylvcjlrii five Chamaleontha CMonspelierfium, and Lugdunenjis Scolymus Diofcoridit, but "Bauhinus Cynara fylvefirit latifoliu : the fecond is called by Honorius Bellas fas it is let downe in his fccond Epillle to Chi fins') Cy- nsra fylvejlrit, the Cretans: as bee laith calling it Agrioanzinari, and by Fossa in his Italian Balias Agriocinara Crete a, by ‘BauhinusCinarafylvcjlritCretica, and thinketh it may be the Cinarafy/vefiris Betica ol Clufms, fet: downe in his Cure pojlcrioret in quartoJel. 66. the lad is called by C/ufius Scolymus Theophrajli ( whereof hee gi¬ ve; h two figures, the one of the Spanijh plant growing upright, the other of that which growethat Mompdier leaning dovvnewards, and called by him Narbonenjis, whom Dodomcus followeth, giving both his figures and calling the one Cardus Chryjanthemus, and the other Cardui Chryjantbemi altcrius icon : and fo doth Lobel (who alfo faith it is the Eryngium luteum Monjpelientium) Camerarius,Ca[alpinus and Tabermontanus, Anguilara calleth it ErynmmVcgctij, and Bellonius laith it is called in Candye AJcolymbrot, andbythe Latines Glycyrrhizon as hee faith,wherein Itbinke he is deceived calleth it Scolymus Chryfanthemos, and faith it is the AttraSlylis marina of Lngir.nenfis, which as 1 laid before in the Chapter of AtraLlylis, he faith was the Ticnomos of Lobel and Pom, and yet asl (hewedyon in theChapter of Acarnahe makethitan Acarna likewile, calling it Acarna bu¬ ns lii cattle foliofo, but it cannot be both an Acarna and Scolymus, this double denominations of plants is not ag ree- ab’e zoD iofeorides minde, who is never found of himfelte to name one plant in two fcvcrall places or to calf one plant by two feverall names, although he fhew the divers appellations of other*. The Italians as BcUonius faith doe in aero Romano call the lad Sputa borda, and thinketh it to be that plant whieh the ancients did call Gly¬ cyrrhizon, the Spaniards of Salamanca did call it by Slum. bat as he faith it cannot bee Sylibum of Diofcoridcs, 3nd in their owre Language Cardon hchal or lechar, idejl, Cardano luchits, becaufebf the white fpots upon the leaves : the French call the fird Chatdonuette, 'the Vettltes. Tsiofcorides faith that his Scolymus is good to expell drong and finking Vrine, and to amend the firong or din- king favour of the Armcholes, or of the whole body, ifthedecoflicnoftherootes in wine be drunkeithe young (Bootes alfo are eaten like unto Afpharagut,and the young heads alio in Spa inc before they flower: but they ule toraifeuptheearth over the young (hootes untill they bee rilcn to a good height, which then are not ep.ely white but more tender and delicate,to be eaten raw as their ufuall manner is with Oyle, Pepper and Salt, or boy- led or dewed: the flowers are ufed by the Italians as Lobel and Pena fay to curdle milke, whereof they make Cheefe, as alfo are perfwaded that thefayd flowers given to women with child in their broth or todrinkedoth hinder aborfment, and caufc them to goe out their full time in good plight, and alfo is very good lor thofe that doe not teeme or arc barren, and caufe fertilitie. The Cretanes ufed their wilde Artichoke in the lame manner tint the Italians, Spaniard: and French ufe their Car deni or Chardons. Theophrajlut alfo faith that the roote of his Scolymus ismodpleafantbcingboyledor eaten raw, but then chiefly when it is in flower, as alfo that the in¬ ner (ubdance of the heads are eaten, Clufins laith that they of Salamanca ufe to eate the young plants rootc-s and all,being wafhed eyther raw or boyled with flclh.and that with the milkie juice thereof they doe coagulate or curdle any milke, and with the flowers doe counterfct Saffron, for the like ufes as in other places they doe with the flowers of Ballard daffron. C HAP. VII. Acanus Tbeopbrafii. The ancients Thiftlei i H is Thiftle rifeth tip with a great thicke prickly flalke three or foare foote high, branching forth on all (ides from the very bottome, letat the joynts with lomewhat large leaves, broad and long, cut Is! I sip" in on the edges, and let with (harpeprickesac the points and corners ■’ at the toppes of the branches J &r'fS S come ^ evera ^ Thiflle-like heads,out of the middle whereof thruft forth the flowers,cein- p 0 ( CG i 0 f many deepe purplifh tnreads, after which come fomew hat round and flat feede, of abrow- nilli colour lying in downe the roote is thicke with divers long firings at it. The Place. It grsweth in Candy from whence the feede hath beene fent into divers other parts of Europe. The Time. ItflowrechintheendofSommer, that is, fomewhat late as other forts of Thiflles that come out of hot countries. The Names. It is called in Greeke AV'©" Acanus, which doth as well fignifie a peculiar plant of it felfe,fitch as this Thi- fllc here fet downe as the head of any thiftle, or any other Thiflle-like head of any other plant; Theophrajlut oncly (and Pliny from him) making mention both of this and that, for in his firll Booke and fixteenth Chapter henameth it among the'‘-'"‘wAi, thofe plants that beate prickly leaves, thus, «*•{!«*,» S'pmnt,^ 0 and in his fixt booke and fift Chapter, lome faith he. have prickly leaves as and then making Aca¬ nus to be the head of aThiflle alio (which T>iof corides calleth lx'*®’ Echinus from whence commeth Echinacea, as from sAcanos Acanacea fignifying all Thirties or Thiflle-like plants ) in his ninth Booke and thirteenth Chap¬ ter,where (peaking ofthe Chameleon Thiftle he faith thus, act Si vazasa'n cyu 'lunardy&a uc-ySrs d 1 xraweghnar, caput hujut magnum Acanofimile , unde qttidam Acanum dixerttnt , and in his fixt Booke and fourth Chapter fpeak- ing T R I B E The Theater of Tknts. Cbaf.,8. 975 Achitms Tbeophrafii. The Thiftlc of the ancienis 0 ing of Ixine he faith ,duifi raf p((«fiWo OTf^MTixutian©- (vmipujur de mediaradicisfeminalii acanus velu- s 4 gt.va.>M is but a corrupted word from Ac am, for the na- turall language.of the Cretanes is a balfard or corrupted Greeke fpcech: both which reafons are not onely forcea- ble.but fufficient to confirmc any ones opinion in this truth; quilandinw in his eight member and uS.pageof his com¬ mentaries de Pappro\he Paper ruth, after that he had (hew¬ ed that Theophraftus ufed divers names for one thing (in many whereof by his leaves hee is thought to be miflakenj faith that the Ixine of Theophraftus is his Acanus alio, whom Honcrius Bellas although hee had beene his fchollec contradifieth, not allow ing of that opinion for the reafons aforefaid. Pliny faith /<£. 32.e. 5. that fome thoughtthe Acanus (hould bee T.ryngium being a broad fliarpe prickly hcibe with broad themes, l cannot finde that Anguilara or Luge lunenfjs did know any plant peculiarly called Aca- hhs, although Bauhinus fetteththem both downe to call this plant fo, but tint they tooke the name onely tofignifie the prickly head of Thirties: Praa in his Italian Baldus gi- veth the figure thereof fomewhac rudely done, but no ot her defeription then that of Horrrius Bellas in the place aforefaid, Bauhinus calleth it Carduus lattfolms echims oh. folns:purpuraferens-.hecmfe (couldnot finde a morepro- per appellation to call this Thiftle by, then that Ihavegiven of 1 he ancients Thiftle in Englift, 1 will not refufe to alter uif.any can give it a better. The V ertues. I cannot finde any proyenie pecuhit imputed to this Thiftle by eythar ancient or modorne writer,and therefore Ur.till 1 can be better informed (muft be hlent as others are. Chat. VIII. Si!,hum Jive Carduus iaSleus. Our Ladies Thiftle.or the ftript milkie Thiftle. IJifS£ffi|Lt hough formerly there hath beene but one fort hereof knowne to Hetbarifts, yr t oflate by the dih- gent lean h and observation of fome that have beene curious, there are lome other torts found w hich together mutt be handled in this Chapter. 1 Carduus Maria vulgaris. The common ladifs Inutle* , The common Ladies Thiftle hath divers very large and broad leaves lying on thei err und ,cut man as it were crumpled but fomew hat hairy on the edges, and of a whitegreene (hrn n 3 c f- ff ^ || 3 (, om . lines and ftrakei, of a milkie « hire colour running all over and fet with many (harpe and prickles all about, among which rtftth up one or more ftrong round and prickly flalkes, fet lull - _ e( j w ,;. h picket w here at the end ofevery branch commeth forth a great prickly Thift eTikeh . ft or(WCi lfj n the and with bright purple thrummes riling out of the middle of them : after, hey are palt in leee - < d (aid heads lyin’ in a great deale of fine foft white downe,which is fomewhat flat! ih and ft, , S browne : Ac ^oote is g?eat fpread.ihg in the ground with many firings and (mall fibres hftned to them, ad the w hole plant is bitter in tafte and therefore (uppofed not to be Without very good c tte«s. ^ 2. Silyhummajusannuum. Great MilkeThiftle otayrare. This Thiftle rifeth up with one round ftalkealmoft a yard high with fomew hat large greene eaves no a e fo large as the former, not halfe fo much marked with white lines, fomewhat cut in alto on .he e ges, nd,e. witfi prickes bur fewer: the fialke hath fervor no branches, ^ u t hearethat tberoppeand the browne^'ieed'e three prickly heads, out of which rife reddi(h purple threads of thrummes and fomewhat g.-at browne lecde afterwards lying in Downe : the roote is long and perifheth as foone as it hath. , Silyhum minus Baticum. The fmallSp4»i/&milkeTmllle. The fit ft leaves of this Thiftle are fomewhat broad and finally cut in on the edges, of a pale greene colour,with lome (mail white lines and markes thereon having fpoteftalkes upon then, but thofe tha t prelently rife up w h the (hike are fomewhat longer and broader forwards then below, where being narrow they ccmpafte the ftafte. Chap. 8. Theatrum Botanicum . Tribi 9 ; I. c arduus Martt vulgaris. The common LadiesThilUe. 3. Sily bum minus Baticum. The finall SpaviCh Milke Thiftlc. » and arc more cut in on the edges and fet with Tome fmall (harpe prickes, and marked with white lines as the 0 - ther, the upper leaves being llill more divided and leffer at the upper joynts, and at thetoppe come forth ve¬ ry lmall prickly heads with purpli flr threads bi eaking out of the middle, and after they are palt come very fmai-l white tcede lying in fome downc, which by rcafonola kind ofdeare white Gum that ifluet-h out of the head, fticketh fo fait to the feede that they can very hardly be pulled in funder, efpecially after they grow ripe and the Sunne hath dryed th^m; the roote is fmall and wooddy and perilhethcvefy years, The P l acc. The firft is frequent on every ditch banke in the fields every where : both the leccnd and the laft I received among divers other leedes that Guillaume Boel brought out ot Spaine, and I beleeverhe laft may be the fame^hat Camerariw laith he picked out of Fpithyrhum, and that Rauyvolfi.ni gave him brought cut of Syria, becaufe the leede being white in both and the leaves marked white doe demonftrate them to be both one. The Time. They flower and feede in June, Inly and Auguft when other forts of Thifcles doe. The Names . This is generally fuppofed to be the Silybum ot T> iofc or ides,hut thereof he bath made fo breefe a relati¬ on that it is hard to lay which is the right indeedeifor he faith onely thus>Silybnm is a broad Thiftlc vvhofe leaves are like unto the white Chainseleon : Pliny in a manner faith the lame ineffed for the deftription; but laith in Cilicia, Syria, and Thenice where it groweth it is hardly boyled tender, and that it hath rroufe in Phyficke; but furely the white lines and markesin this Thiftle is fuch an evident note and lo remarkeable, that I thinkeic could not be overpaid in filence by all the old writers if Phey had knowne it and defenbed it: fome therefore doe thinke that it more fitly agreeth with Leucacamha and Spina alba : Lacuna, Malthiolw . Cornariw , Dodonaw, Fuchfius and Lugdunenfis take it to b ee Lcucographis Plinij , 'Brttnfeljius calieth it Car daw albus and Chair. Aeon, Mattbioliu and Lobcl Carduus LaEleus, fome Cardans argent atm and Car dims ramptarius, Tragrn, Lontccrm , Fuel: jins,Gefnerznd Camerarim call it Carduus Marie, Cordas on Diofcorides and Tabermontanus Carduus Ma» ri.niM- Dodoneus Carduus Leticographui , Anguilara and Lobel Silybum,Cefalpinus ('ardsii fylvefirbs aliudgenus and Ac anon Theopbrafii : but Baubinus Carduus albus maculis notatus vulgaris : the fecond is not fet forth by any author before now, and from the likenefle thereof unto the former, I have fo called it as it is in the title, Silybum r,/ s annuum. The laft as I fayd I had out of Spain*, and in regard it doth lo nearely in all things relemble the 1 . ■ duns La Elens Syriacus of Camerarius , 1 prelume it is the lame which Tauhinus refet reth as well as Camera - , Carduus LaEletts or Bedcgnar Arabtim of RauTvolfiusyVjhichTauhinus faith came to him by the name ^4 C>v.,'. .. -d! ethic Carduus alb is maculis notatus exoticus j our wilde kinde is generally called Carduus c ' ' Cardodi Santa Mariajoy the French Chardon noflre Dame, byThe Germans - - . d\eT)utch OnfcrVrowcn dijfel, and wee in Englifb our Ladies Thillle and Thiftle, ' v The Tribe 9. The Theater of Tlants. Chap»o. 977 The Virtues. Our Ladies Thiftle is thought to be as cffeftuall as Cardans benediUus for all the purpofes whereunto it is put, as namely for Agues and for the infeftion of the Plague.both to prevent and cure it,as alio to opc n the otfliudti. ons of the Liver and ipleene, and thereby is good againft the Iaundies, and provokeih Vtinc, breakethand ex- pclleth the ftone.and is good for the Dropfie ; feme doe hold that the young (hikes peeled and die (fed as the: flalkes of the other Chardons and w ilde Artichokes are, and eaten doe helpe to encreafe tnilke in Nourfcs breads : It is effeffuall alfo for the painesin the fides, and many ether inward paines and gripirgsnhe (cede is held as powerfull if not more for the purpofes aforefaid and fo is the diftiltcd water alfo, and be (ides is often applied both inwardly to drinke and outwardly with clothes or fpunges to the region of the Liver to coole the diitempe- rature thercof.and alfo to the region of the heart againft fwownings and paffions of it. Chap. IX. Cardans Spbzroccpbalns five Cjlobofas. The Globe Thiftle. *N my former Booke I have given you the knowledge of two or three forts of Globe Thirties,that is.of 4 the greater and the lefl'er Globe Thiftle, and of the Fryers Crowne Thiftle which is accountedone of i them, although the head be a little more flat at the toppe then the reft : there remaine feme other forts to be fhowen to you in this Chapter. 1. Cardans Syherocepfalns acutus miner. The fmaller Globe Thiftle with long prickles on the head. This fmall Globe Thiftle hath divers long and narrow leaves,fo much cut in on both fides, that every /agge or part feemeth a leafe, fo to make the whole leafe winged each part cut in alfo, and the cornets fet with fbarpe ptickes growing on the whitifh flalke ujjfo the toppe,where [land divers round heads each upon a longfoote- Ifalke, compofed of bearded huskes in the fame manner chat the two forts of Globe Thirties exprefl'ed in my for¬ mer Booke doe, but that the ends are longer and (harper, out of which rife more blewifh flowers thanare in the leffer fort. 2. Carduus Sphzrocepbalus acutus major. The great prickly Globe Thiftle. This other greater prickly Globe Thiftle hath larger leaves and broader, fomewhatlike unto the former great Globe Thiftle exprefl'ed in my fayd booke being nothing fo/much cut in on the edges, in all other things it is not- unlike the former here fet downe,but that the flowers out of thefe prickly heads ate of a deeper blcwcolour. 3. Cardans Spbsroccpbalus minimus acHtifimis folijs. The fmalleft G lobe Thiftle with the m oft prickly leaves This fmallThiftle hath the fmalleft jagged leaves and moft cut in of any of the reft, and moft fharpely fet with ptickes on the edges: the ftalke growerh lower then any of the other, and the round heads at the toppes fmaller t. Carduus Spherncepbalus acutus minor. The fmaller globe Thiflle wich long prickes on the head, a, Carduus Spberocephalus acutus major. The greater prickly glebe Thiflle. Ch AP.9, Theatrum Botanicum. r 1 b e 9 . l Cardm Tomentofis Cor on* fratrum diffus. The Fryers Crownc Thiftle. alfo, but not armed with filch long (harpe prickes as the former out of the huskes whereof come whitifh (lowers. 4. CardansJpinof/fimusfp£rocephalns Cardai Arabici nomine mijfns. The Arabian G loe Thiftle. This Thiftle hath a winged prickly ftalke two foote high having large leaves thereon fomewhat broad and long, let thlcke with (harpe prickes, but fparingly pla¬ ced on the flalkes bearing round fpharricall headsjthick and (trongly armed with long prickes j out of the midit whereof breake forth white threads fomewhat (wtece : the feede is long and crefted or cornered. The Place. All thefe Thiftles are ftrangers to us, neither is their naturall places certainly knowne, but imparted and fent by friends with whom as rarities they havebeenc accepted. The Tifne. Thefe flower at the fame time with the reft, that is, in lane and Inly, The Names. W ee cannot finde certainely that they were knowrie eytherto the ancient Grcekc or Latine writers, but Angstilara and Lob el fuppofe that the firft is the AWrStc f.d'Kii Spina alba of Diofc or ides ( fome alfo take the greater kinde mentioned in my former booke to bee Spina alba, as tamer arias, CMatthiolus arrd Lngdunen- ftr, which as he faith is the Bedegaar of the Arabians ; and fome tooke it to be y.^vjsFkiov Crocodilian Diofco- ridis as Lacar.a and Label , and fome to bee %*?&."©• Chalcheios Tbeopbraf i, which Gaza tranflateth . ¥he Theater of c P,lant{. Chap. X: Acmthium & Cardans Tomentifits. The Woo'ly ot Cotton Thiflle. Chap.io. 97 g Here be divers forts of woolly Thiflles, although there bee but one or two that can fitly bee referred to 1*7 m. Acantbium Diofcoridi, which is alfo woolly, X have therefore put the other hereunto m one Chapter. j. Acwthinm vuhare. The common Cotton Thiftie. t'.V-.b; ?.. Thecommon Cotton Thitlle hath many large leaves lying on the ground, fomewhat cut in, and as it were crumpled on the edges, of a greene colour on the upper fide but covered overwrth a long harry wooll or cottonv Downe and not much more white or hoary underneath, let with mod lliarpe and cruell prickes, from the middle ofwhofe heads of flowers thruft forth many purplilh crimfon threads and fometimes white, be: much more feldome, the feede that f olloweth in thefe heads lying in a great deale of fine white Downe is lome- what large,long andround, tefcmbling the feede of Sylibnm orLadits Thitlle, but fomewhat paler: the roots is great and thicke fpreading much,yet ufually dyeth after feede time^ 2 tAccmtbium lUyricum. Thegreateft Cotton Thiltle. This great Cotton Thiftlefremembred by Lobd and Pena in their AdverfarU that Dear's pf Lite m Finders, brought out of ScUvony andfowed at Lyons m France) groweth to be two or three cubits higher then any man almofl to the height of a Speareor Pike branched forth on all fides, fet with a prickly filme all a- long like in forme to the other, and with large and long tome leaves fully fraught and armed with as cruel! prickes and prickly large heads with purple flowers and feede like the former. 3 Mm1 tomentofw Anglicise. Our Engltjb woolly Thlltle, This woolly Thiflle hath divers largeand long leaves all covered over with a wool! or downe, cut in very deepely on the edges at certainediftances into (everall parts or leaves even to the middle ribbe aimed, making eachleafefeeme winged with fmall and long leaves on each fide, and let m divers places with long fharpe prickes: the woolly If alke rifeth up to the height of two or three cubits, with few leaves let thereon, and with but few branches, bearing at their toppes a large round hoary head fomewhat flat, ccwered over as ir werewith fine woolly threads like unto a net, not very prickly, with many purplilh threads in the middle like unto thole of the Artichoke, after which fucceedcThiftle-like feedes.grcater and rounder then thofc of the fiiflithe root is great and thicke, brownifh on the outfidc and white within, notunpleafant to the taite. 4* Cfircluui tomentoftts minor* The leffer woolly i hiLtie. This leffer woolly Thiftle hath many wbitifh woolly ot hoary long leaves,much cut in on the edges into many parts, and each part alfo divided and fet with fmall prickes - the ftalke is not very great, nor much abm two foote high branched towards the toppe, white and woolly alfo, bearing on them fmall prickly rounds head* having many purple threads rilingout of the middle, and fmallThilUe-hke feede after them. ||1 iiillliSF I ■*) k. r| 980 Chap. 10. Theatrum Botanic um . _ Tribb 9. 5. Carduus tomentofius capitulii min'ime acttleatis five 3. carduus tomentofiu u 4 ng!icus. Ar£ophy!los Dalechampij Lugdunenfi, Our Englijh woolly Thiftle. The fine Cottony Thiftle without prickly heads. This fine Cotton Ihiftle hath long and fomewhat narrow whitiih or hoary leaves, larger at the lower end of the fmall ftalke,which is about a foote high then they are above, fome¬ what cut in on the edges,but much & thick let with fmall fhorc and loft prickes in fome places: from the middle of the ftalke up to thetoppe at every leafecommeth forth a fmall whitifh fcaly head fomewhat rough, but not prickly, and at the toppe likewife th ee or fourc luch like heads, out of which rifeput- plifh flowers made of threads as in other Thirties whereunto the leedeis likealfo. I doe thinke this doth rather rclemblea Iacea then a Car duns but that I have not feene the plane, and therefore doe follow mine author. 6, Carduus tomentofw capitnlbs fpinofisfive Leucacantha ALonfrelienfium. The French fuppofed white Thiftle. This fuppofed Leucacantha of the Aiompclier Herbarifts, fen- deth forth froth a thicke fappic roote mcanely fetwith fibres, many ftalkes about a cubit high,branched from the middle up¬ wards, fetwith many long hoary or woolly leaves, much cut in or torne on the edges, and armed with divers fharpe prickes: the heads that grow at the toppes are fmall, fomewhat long and prickly, fending forth many bright red purplifh threads from the middle, after which come the leede which are fome¬ what long and round like unto the other Thifi.les feeaes. The Place, The firft groweth on divers ditches, bankes and in the Corne fields and high wayes generally every where throughout the Laid, it is alfo often found growing in Gardens: the fecondas is faid was brought out of Illyria: the third groweth in divers barren fields in Sommerfietfihiere as Label noteth it, and in divers other places: the fourth Dodo- nans lairh he onely law in fome Gardens in the Low Countries,and Matthiolm faith it was fent him by the fift groweth in France in dry and fandy grounds, the laft about Mompelier where fome young ftudents tooke it to be Leucacantha of Dio/corides. The Time. They all flower and beare their leede about the end of Sommer,when other Thirties doe flower and feede. The Names. The firft is taken by mod of cur moderne writers to be A'rjv^or Acanthium of Diofcorides which name the Li- tinc.s k. epe alfo, no other being found that better agrecth thereunto,a8 Adatthioltts fDodon aild ^ith alfo it is th zCarduw viarum of Gerard ^nd others, in all which I am perfwaded he is much miflaken for however the fcverall Thirties of thefe authors may be in fome things like it,yet they are not idem the fame.Of the third, LobelCw ft made mention in his Adverfiana^rid called it Cardans tomentofius Anglicns, Bauhinus doubt- eth whether it he the Spina Arabia of Anguilara , but faith it is the Spina tArabica DiofcoridU & Phr.ij of Mat. 1 builtt m his laft corrected edition, as alio Spina Arabia of Ccfalpinus, and he himfelfe calleth it Carduus toma. to]its capnulo rrajoreiX.be fourth is th cCardnus Sphsrocepha/us quintas of Dodonaus, who faith that fome referred it to the Spina aiba of Matthiolus and Lugdunenfis and others.ro the S pitta alba a’tcra of Mattbiolus and Cafalpmus ■ hauhmns calleth it Cardaas tomentofis capitulo minors: the fift is called by Lugduuenfis Carduus AaophjUot Dale'. ctjnnrpj, and by Btmhmtt Cardaas tomemofis capitulis minims aculsatit : the laft is the Leucacantha C^'lonffrslisn. fturn C J 'a/tebampij as Lugdunenjit faith and called by'Bauhinu; Carduus tommtefus capitali, schinatu: The Italians c:.H the firft Acambio,the PrsnchCardonargsm, the Csrmanes treitf weosdilltll, the Dutch mttc tosch didell and we in Lnglifl; The white Cotton Thiftle, £ J 1 1 The Vert ties. r>;,,f c oridrs and Pliny i n the fame manner write,that the leaves and rootes of Acanthium the common Cotton Ihnde taken rd, mke, doth helpe thole that have a cncke in their necke.whereby they cannot turne their necltc nut the vvhoie body turne lmewifc. gala latch that the roote and leaves hereof are o( an heating qualicic ana good for men pet ons that have their bodies drawen together by fome Spafme or Cor.vulfion, orbyfome Other mhrmme, Woichdifeafe is truel; to be called the Rickets, which happening fometimes to children doth ° b , [he , m ,n ' htlr Nerve-, Ligaments and whole ftruflure of their body.that it fuffereth them not to grow or prolper ey ther in height ftrength or alacritie. b T R I) The Theater of Thants. - H A FI i 2. Onopjxus altey anguflifoliut. Another wilde way Thiftle. Chat; XI. Cardtti qmdmfjlvcftrcs ftinofijjimi. Certaine very prickly wilde Thirties; ;{ Here are fome other wilds Thirties that are very prickly, to be intreated of, which have not yet begnc mentioned, which I thinke fit to place together in a Chapter, which are as followeth. '- ®| *• OnopjixM. The common way Thiftle. This common Thiftle hath divers long leaves lying compaffe-wife on the ground.very hairy all over- efpecially while they are young,of a deepe or lad greene colour,long,and fomewhat narrow,rent and tome on the edges, and let with many very fharpe prickes,from among which rife up very prickly ftalkes armed or fenced with fharpe prickly filmes, branching forth in divers places, and fet with the like leaves up to the rop^ where (land divers heads exceedingly ftored with {harp pricks on all fides;from ont of the middle thrtift forth ma¬ ny purplifh threads,of an excellent lively colour, after which come fomewhat fmall feede like unto other 1 hiftles lying in downe: the roote is blackilli, hard, and woody, where the ftalkc rifeth and perifhing every yeare after feede time, 2. Onopyxtu alter anguJlifoUtts, Another narrow leafed way Thiftle. This other common Thiftle differeth from the former, in that the leaves hereof arc longer, narrower, morer gafbed or rent oh the edges and not hayrie, but fmooth all the leafe over; in the flowers which are purple and lotr.e times white,in the {cede and roote, and in the prickles like a Thiftle,it differeth little or nothing. 3. Onopyxtts paritmaculeattis. The gentler way Thiftle. This alfo differeth from the ocher, chiefely in the heads which grow many together, and are hut finally fe t with prickes, and nothing lo much as the ocher .but the leaves,are more jagged,and fetuery thicke with (bore prickles; the ftalkes are round and a little prickly, but not filmed as the other, the flowers are purple likeTithers. 4 - (hwpordon. The 4 ffes cracking Thiftle. This Thiftle hath many long leaves fet on the cornered woolly ftalkes,which grow as high as any man, but not branched at all, the leaves feerning like branches being a foote long, and much divided into many leaves, iome long and narrow, and ethers ftnaller and fhorcer lee with them at certaine {paces, tach ending in a lharpe long' pricke : from the upper joynts of the ftalkes, with the leaves, and at thetoppes alfo come forth woolly heads upon ftnall foote ftalkes, let with lone prickes, from the midft whereof thruft forth divers bright reddifh purple threads.- the leede that followeth is like unto other Thirties; the roote is a foote long, thicke and blacke with fome fibres fet thereat. 5. Polyacanthos. The mod prickly Thiftle, This molt prickly Thiftle is as it were compofed wholly of prickles, tor the leaves arc fhort and narrow, fo thicke fet on both Tides with fmall fhsi pe prickes, that they rake away all fhew of leaves: the ftalkes alfo and branches are To plentifully ftored with fharpe prickes up to the toppes, that nothing elle is to be feenc: the heads alfo are in the lame manner thicke fet with prickes,out of which rife pur¬ plifh threads, as in other Thirties. 6 . Cardans Polycephalos. The many headed Thiftle. Theftalke of this Thiftle hath neither filme nor pricke thereon like the laft, but branched forth into divers parts, and they againe parted into other fmaller branches, on which Hand many heads and fmaller ones under them,with divers fmall prickes about them, outof which rife purplifh flowers of fhorr threads,as in others, the leaves are but few on the ftalkes being fhort and narrow, blit as rhicke let with prickes as the laft almoft.- the roote is hard and woddy. 7. Drypit Theophrapi ssfnguila r a jiugmlara his launcing Thiftle of Theophraftus. The leaves of this Thiftle feeme to be compofed onely of long fharpe thornes, like unto Iuniper leaves, many fet to¬ gether on both Tides of the middle ribbe in tufts at cercaine fpaces: the ftalkes are fmall, acubite high, with two fuch w inged leaves at each j'oynt: the toppes of the ftalkes are fet as it were, with bunches or tufts of filth long leaves like thornes,out of which come many fmall white flowers,con¬ fiding of fmall leaves, and not ef threads, like other Thirties: the feede lying in the downe of the heads is fmall covered with a brownilh barke, very like unto Rice in the huskes,but when the huskc is taken away, it is very yellow, and like in forme unto the Corne-flower leede: the roote is fmall like Couchgraffc fpreading farre about. S, Drypis ejuortsndam Lagdanenp, Another Drjpis or launcing Thiftle. This launcing Thiftle rifeth up with divers (lender ftalkes fometimes to a mans height, whofe long leaves and nar¬ row are made up of many parts, finally cut in or divided if I ^82 Cm a p. II. Tbeatrum 'Botariicum. T r t b n 9. 4. Onopordon. The AfteicrackingThifUe. 5 . Foyacanthos. The mod prickly ThitUe. 7. Drjpu Tbeophra/ii JvypiUirt. Av^uiUrn his thorny Thiftlc of Tbeoprajlu . 9 t Carduiu lanceatus latifoliut. The greater broad fpcare Thiftlc. T r x b e 9. TheTheater of Plants . Cha p.12. into many (mall points, with a fhort fqote ftalke, comparting the ttaikc at the lower end, at the toppes grow fingle fcaly, greene and prickly heads, from the middle whereof thrufteth a number of long threads, which in fome plants are purplilh, mothers whitifh, and in other very red, or of a bright crimfon colour, the feede that f olloweth is fmall, fmooth, and reddifh the roote is white and thicke, and groweth not very deepe. g. Cardans Lanceatm latifo/im five major. The greater broad fpcareThilllc. The (Talk of this fpeare Thiflle is armed with prickles like many other wilde Thiflles, and the leaves fet thereon are very long, cut in or divided on the edges in two or three places, fet at diflanccs one 3gain(l another, and the feverall parts cut into five or fixe points or corners, fliarpely armed, the end being long and narrow, pointed like the head of a Iaveline or Pike, whereof it tookc the name, the flowers ate purplifh in fcaly and prickly heads. IO. Cardans Lanceatus anguftifolim. The narrow Speare ThifUe. The narrow fpeare Thiftle is like unto the lafl in the skinny prickly ftalkes, being ftrong and (landing uprioht two cubits high, ftored with few leaves, but jagged, prickly, and narrower than the faff, yet the end isfomewhat broader than the other, of a darke greene colour on the upperfide, and hoary gray underneath, the heads are many fmall and fcaly fet at the toppes of the flalkes as prickly as they, with purplifh, and fometimes white flowers of threads rifingout of themiddle ofthem.asinother Thirties. ii. fordwib Cbondrilloides, The jagged Succory-like leaves. The leaves of this',Thiftle are long and very much j’agged very like- unto the j’agged, Cumrre- Succory leaves, and prickly at the corners, the ftalke rifeth up a foote high, with fuch leaves on them up to the toppe, but fhorter, broader and leffe jagged, where it brancheth forth in two or three parts, each bearing a huske but no Thiftle like fcaly head, out ofwhich groweth a yellow flower made of many leaves, fet incorn- paffelikea ftarre, which pairing away the huske containeth within it much downe wherein the fmall feede lieeb, and is carried away with the winde: therooteis white, long, (lender, and wooddy, fet with lome fibres, and pcrifliing after feede time. I a. farditaspaluftris. The Marfh Thiftle. The Marfh Thiftle hath a prickly round ftalke, two or three cubits high, with fome branches towards the toppe, fet with long and narrow darkegreene leaves, fomewhat jagged about the edges, with a few prickes on them ■■ at the toppes of the ftalke and branches Hand manyThiftle-like heads with purple threads, as in other Tbiftles. The ‘Place. The five firft forts are found in divers places of our owne countrey, upon ditch bankes,about hedges and wayee f dcs ■■ the fixt groweth in the fields of CMichelfieldby Bn fit: the feventh not farre from the fea, in the Mar fie countrey i n Italy : the eight in come fieldes, as well of oates as other grains : the ninth, tenth, and twelth, ncerg me fa and Michclfield marfhes about Tdafil : the eleventh in craggy and ftony places about Lyons in France. The Time. ■ , They doe all flower and feede much about the time that other I hiftles doe. The Names, o'llmZoi inGreeke, and O-nopyxus in Latine qssafiafinisss haxus, and fo Gar.a rendereth it out of Theopbrajhss qtsodfit afinis cihm aratiffimns, <$■ fummopere e xpetitus ; yet fome thinke it (houldbe rather quod ad eum pa/cendum a firm perpettio defigatur elr hareat O’, £ rrp.J'.r Onopordon ; the fignification thereof is rendred by Pliny, quodft comederint afini crepitus reddere dicuntur, which Greeke name, faith V alechampists 3 they about Paris keepe to this day, calling the faid Thiftle Pet d'afne, I all thereabouts conftantly affirming, that when Affes feede there¬ on, they will be more fubj’eft to cracking, and breaking winde backwaeds, than at other times when they doe not feede on them, toix-xs Drypisexits hyvpm diPltsmpatent a lancinandoqaodaculeijfuis at trail antes cc- aolligere uolentes vulnerttt, no Kvdv4.v$& Polyacantbos. qtsafiJpina multa* tranflatcth Acalcofa, and nrjxyXqa.Sx, Voly- cephalos, quafi pi nr a capjtayjh the many heads, as the other of the many thornes or prickles: the derivations and fignifications of the reft are eafie enough to be underftood. The names likewife are moft of them, as other Au- thers call themjonly the Ossopyxus is called Cardntss fylvefiris by Dodonaiss and Cardnm afininus by Cjefner iaborts, and the Polyacanthos Tbeophrafli of Lubdanersfis and Tabermontansss, is by Ruellms called Agriacantha 3 try Libel Cardans jpimfijjlmus 0j- Onopordon by Gerard , and the Cardans Cbondrilloides, doth in my opinion better referable an Hieratium or Chondrula than a s. The Virtues. The chiefeft properties attributed to any of thefe Tbiftles, arc to the moft common way Thirties that are hot and drie in the fecond degree, and the rootes boyled in wine anddrunke, are good to expert ftincking urine, and to amend the ranke fmell of the armeholes and whole body, as alfo good-againft a (linking breath, if the Joyce thereof, faith VFny.be taken before it flowreth; and if the place be bathed therewith where the haire is gone, it helpeth to bring it againe. Chap. XII. I) ip focusfive (farduw fullonttm. The Teafell or T ullers Thiftle. 'F the Teafell there arc twokindes, the tame or manured and the wilde : of the tame or manured there is no varietie or differing fort, but of the wilde there are two or three forts,as (hall be fhew-. edin this Chapter. I. Dipfacus/ativm. The garden or manured Teafell, _ The manured Teafell hath the lower leaves for the firft yearevery large and long, fafhioned fomewhat like unto I.etice, of a pale greene colour, more gentle or not fo hard, as thofe that are fet on the ftalkes,’ but dented about the edges, and the middle ribbe on the backeor underfide.fet very thicke with fhort prickles, among which rife up the ftalkes, three or f ourc foote high, armed from the bottomc to the toppe.with hard fhort and fharpe prickles ioymed in feverall Places, and two inch leaves fet thereat, both of them fo joyned together at Pppp 3 she Cw A P, 12 , Tbeatrum Botanicum . T r i b * 9. the bottome.and fo compaffing [he fta ke about that they doe contame the tame and dew that fa leth, and are fome- what harder and ibffer and more prickly then the lower, from becwcene the leaves and the (hikes on each fide rile branches prickly alio, and joynted with the like compaffing leaves, but Idler on them, and from their joynts rite long tH'.kes bare ot leaves but not of prickcs, bearing on each of them a round head iomewhat long, armed with ftiffe (bore and crooked prickles tafhioned like hookes bending down¬ wards, grecne at the firft and white being ripe, from a- botit which come forth whitilh hoodded flowers appearing in circles flowring by degrees for the moft part beginning in the middle and lo downewards and upwards, mtheie- verall cells whereof which concerned the flowers grow iinall and whitilh round leede (omewhat long, the middle part of the head being often hollow, and conteintng fome- timesIinall whitilh wormeslikeunto Magots'.the:rooteits white long and iomewhit great at the head with divers long firings and (mall fibres fee thereat and dyeth every yeare after the heads be ripe. _ r ,, y j. Dipfacui(ylvejbrM. Thewtlde Teafell. Th • wilde Tealcll is in all things like unto the manured favin-in the heads, whofe pticklesare (mail loftandup- ,i K h; not hooked or ftiffe (which is contrary to the nature ot all ether wild planes alinott, which art harfher and more prickly hen the manured; and in the flowers which are or a fine blufli or pale carnation colour. q Diyfacw fylvejtris Ucimatu folijs, 3 Wilde Tealcll with jagged leaves. This wilde Teaftll (whereof I have no knowledge and but follow mine author, whom 1 will not lo tarre miftruft as to lay there is none inch, for who knowtth all the diver- lit ies that ether countries doe produce J is in all other things like the lafl laving in the leaves which are not whole and onely dented about the edges but tome in on both Tides into deene cafhes. ». Dipficuifitivus. The garden or manured Teafcli. i. 'Dlpfuus fjlve/lris. The wilde Teafcli. ftrga[aftojit. The Shepherds flaSe. 4. Virg* R I B E C). The Theater of Tlartfs. Ch AP.ij. 985 4, Virgapafioru. The Shepherds ftaffe. The Shepherds fhaffc is a kindc of Teafell alfo', but differeth therefrom in many notab'e parts forth I hereof being large are of a ladder greene coloured not fo prickly on the backe ribbe, but finely dented abonrTk,! edges:theftalkesgrow higher and not Co .prickly, yet having home thereon, and leaves fet by couples at the joyntsbnt not compaffing theftalke to hold water in manner like the former .-the feverall branches helm r n heads not much bigger then Wallnuts, with foft prickles thereon and blulh flowers like the wilde Teafell ™ aU The Place. The firftis onely manured and fowen in gardens or fields for the Clothworkers ufe, bv ravfin„ w n of cloth with the crooked prickles of the heads, make it fit for their fheeres to cut it lmooth and X therehvl ° fine nappe thereon pleafing to all: the other forts except the third grow in moift places neare ditches W m % water m many places of this Land; the third fort in fome places of German] and the laft in i'undry places" f ° The Time. They flower in July and are ripe in the end oiAugufi. The Names It is called di-.Uyn; T)ipfacui in^cctVt^uaJifitibundWjquod nomen A contraries invenit (fay divers air hors 1 am concavoalarumf,nuroremvelimbremrcc,piat, quo veluti adabigendo, frtu injurw abutitm-. but I fo.for the water conteined in thefe leaves groweth bitter by (landing in them, & therefore not fit to cuienrh ll„r ? C encreale third rathenthe Latines alfo call it ‘Dipfacui and after the Greeke a ?fiJirm tatlreft \ e „ er ■ „ ° nomenclature, a carinate foliorum habits, contraxit , qua fe ambage anfiaUuofa fmuantia peluis (beciem cnttin unt,&mrafe humorem retinent : but I am of a different opinion that it tooke the name of Venus lj ps f rom , 7 lefts of a whores hppes, which as the leaves the raine,(o they are ready to receive all mens offers,and as the head, or T eaiells, fo they ready to carde and teare all mens skins that have to doe with them, untill they leave them bare and thin : pardon I pray this extravagancie who follow Camerarius and otl er good authors herein tb-r ; the midft of their naturall phylolophiedoefomctimesmix a little moralitie : it is called alfo Carduus fe'neri, and Lavacrum Veneris it may be upon the like infinuation ; it is thoughtalfo to be the CaUidragon Xenocratis 0 f Pliny « CarduusfuUonum alfo, and fome Virgapaflori, t but that is more ufually given unto the lalt fort, and fo called he- caufe the dryed flalke denied from the prickes, for fo much as might be held in ones hand ferved the Slrtiheard" to guide their Iheepe withall, transferring the name ohVsrga pafioris to the Dipfacm jylveftris, calJitwut Vi paftoris major and this other minor as Bauhinus doth. Some,faith Lugdunenfis, take it to be Plumbago Plini, rTr rnaketh doubt whether it fhould bee the Spina SeleSnitis Theophrafii Guilandino, Camerarius calletli it Dithf fatuus,sndDalechampius upon Pliny taketh it to be Molybdena Pliny fThe Arabians call it Chir and Moleta f Italians Dijfaoc and Cards, the Spaniard; Cardo penteador .mACardencha • the French Chardon do fouUon ardv ^ abergier, the Cjermanes Kartcndijlcll BubenJlraU and tVeherkarten the Vutcb Caerden and Vodder Cacrder "J'a we tn Englijb Teafell or the Fullers Thiffle. J and The Vertues. Thofcondcs faith that the roote bruited and boyled in wine untill it be thicke, andkept in a brafen vcfiell n- pot, and after fpread as a falve and applied to the Fundament doth heale the clefts thereof, as alfo Cankers and Fiuulaes therein : the fame alfo faith he,taketh away warts and wennes Calen faith it is drying in the fccond de¬ gree,and hath withall fome elenfing facultie: others hold it to be cold and dry, and therefore they fay the leave* applyed to the forehead and temples qualifieth the frenzie or madneffe; the juice of the leaves dropped into the earcs killeth the Wormes in thems the diftilled water of the leaves is good to bee dropped into the eves to take away the redneffe in them and filch mills as darken the fight: the faid water is often ufed by women ro nrefervr their faces in beauty,and to take away all rednefle and inflammations, and all other heate or difcolourinns The Shepherds flaffe is held profitable for no difeafe that wee know of. 0 ’ Chap. XIII. Eryngium. Sea Holly. S mmLthough Dio/iorides hath made mention but of one fort of Eryngium (which is fufpefted by many to be appropriate rather to the Mediterraneum or campeftre becaule he faith that it groweth in fields and rough places and nor at the Sea fide, when as his defeription may as fitly be referred to the one a, the other) yet Pliny maketh mention of the Sea kinde alfo, and this later age hath added divers others which for fome refemblance in leafe, head or roote, they have fo termed. The Eryngium Pannoni. cumflore ceruleo &florc albo, I have exhibited in my former booke, which is affuredly the Eryngium GcncvenFe of Lobel, and E.yngium planum of Matthiolws, although Bauhinus doth make them different; the reft lhall bee fbewed in this Chapter. I. Eryngium marinum. Oar ordinany Sea Holly.’ The firftleavesof our ordinary Sea Holly are gentle or nothing fo hard and prickly as when they grow older being almoft round,and deeply dented about the’ edges,hard, fharpe prbiuted and a little crumpled alfo.ofa blew- llh greene colour, every one upon a long footeftalke.bnt thofe that grow up higher with the ttalke doc as it were compaffeitatthetottome, theftalke it fclfeis round and ftrong yet fomewhat crefted with joynrs and leaves let thereat but mote divided, fharpe and prickly, and branches rifing from thence which have like wife other lmaller branches, each of them bearing feverall blewifli round prickly heads, with many fmall jagged prickly leaves under them Handing like aftarre,and are fometimes found greenifh or whitilh : the roote groweth won¬ drous long even to eight or ten foote in length, fet with rings or circles towards the upper part but fmooth and without j'oyntsdowne lower brownifh on the outfide and very white within, witha pith in the middle, ofsi pleafawtafte but much more delicate being artificially prefervedand candid with Sugar. F PPP i a. Eryngitm, T R IB E 9. The Theater of Tlants . C H A . 15 . 1. Eryngmm mediterranean, five campeftre. VplandSea Holft Thtsothep Sea Holly (which groweth in upland grounds is therefore more anfwerable unto Biefcoridn hf, Er n mm, butelfeas T faydbeforehts defcripuondoth anfwer them both direfhM hath (lendcr/r^ r thteke (hikes as the former, and hath the leaves more divided, more prickly and Idle aromaticall the I cad" are blew but fmatler and the roote flenderer and ihorter, neither fo fweete no. fit to be prelerved nor ft, Tn,' u in tafie.m other things it is very like the former. pretervea,nor io aromaticall 5. 6. Carduui Eryngioidei pie Carduncelha montit Lupi , Eiyngium trifohum. The French Thiflle of Lohl and tern , snd Trefoilc Thiflle, 3. Eryngirim planum minut. Tile final! finooth bafiard Sea Holly. This baffaref Sea Holly hath the lower leaves finooth and whole of a pale greene colour, fomewhat long and round pointed narrow at the bottome, and fomewhat deepely endented at the edges; the weake (hikes that trayling upon the grouud take roote againe at the /oynts and rife not above a foote high, have with the like leaves that grow below, others that are finely- jagged into many parts and fharpe pointed, from otic of which all along the (hikes and at the roppes alfo, come forth blew heads teller than thofe of the upland SeaHoUy : the roote is compofed of many thickeand long firings which perifh not after feede time,but abide many yeares. 4 . EryngiumpHnellum Hifjtanicum. Small bafiard Sea Holly of Spaine. This fmall bafiard Sea Holly hath divers leaves lying in a compafTe upon the ground fomewhat long, broad toward the middle fmalleft at the foote, and deepely dented rut not jagged about the edges and fomewhat foftwithall: but thofe that are fet at the joynts of the (hike which is branched from the very botcome, arc cut or decided into many (mall narrow leaves dented about, hard alto and fiiarpe pointed or prickly : at the topnesohhefialkeand branches, upon every oneftan- deth one round prickly head,with fix or eight narrow lorg prickly leaves under it fpreading like a flarrej which together with the head and flowers that come out thereof are ofafaire blew colour, which givefmall flat chaffie feede like the Hungarian kinder it is fel- domefeenetohave cytherthe lower leaves,or alrnofi any on the ftalke and branches when it is in flower, but they all wither and are dead and dry before : the root? alfo perifliing as foone as it hath given feede, and is fmajllong hard and wooddy. 5 Carduui Eryngioides^fize Cardtincellut'month Lupi Lobelia cr Pena. The fmall French Thiflle of ioW and Pena. T put this fmall Thiflle like plant among the -^(herein following Eaubirut and Alpiniu hi.de exoticitpUn. tit, which elle as Laid and Pern in Adverfarijs fay misfit be accounted a Jpccies of Atracly/i, purpurea if as thev lay 1. be 111,t the very fame.but I would rather referre it to the lacea or Cyan,) which (endeth lorth divers | on * ana winged leaves,fomewhat prickly, among which a (fender finooth ftalke arifeth fcarfe a fpanne hioh with the hke .eaves thfreen, ac the toppe whereof out of the middle of fomc long leaves ftand two or thice large, prear giccmin vellow fcaly heads bigger then may feeme proportionable to the plant, fet with fiiarpe hard white P ric 1 > ' vli:c | l a . re oftcn ca < cn ! >' thofe where it groweth narurally ; fromthe midddl whereof illueth forth divers P, Ur P!, e threads like unto the Atrattyljt or Difiafte Thiflle faith Loicl, but Alpiniu faith they arelike unto Grams the (_orne fiovycr, after which come yellow Thiftle-like feede; the roote is edible white and fiefijv. thrutfino downedeepe into the ground with divers fifties thereat. ~ ’ 7 3 . 6 . Eryngittm trifalium. Trcfoile Thiftle. Tms unknowne plant fendeth forth at the firft many long hard and narrow leaves from the roote which is like untoaRamptan and aromaticall, whereof lbme aie parted into three, butthofe that are fet on the ftalke have an tor the moit part three- lonu leaves joyned together at the end of the footeftalke at didances: at ihe top (the ■ talke (.and two or three heads fomewhac like thofe of Sryngnim montantm with purple flowers, and long leaves Vrine em the l£ede Sl( ° ' S broac * ! ° ng and lmt0 ic : the rootes encreafe Venery and provoke , he hrfi is found about the Sea coafts almoft in every countrey a: well hot as cold, as S paine, Italy, France, on our coa ts aimofi every where and low countries alfo.and others more Northerly: the (ecord groweth as Camererim laufiin trancon.a, mthe vineyards and high wayes every where, bur not about Norimicrge where he lived as he iaith ; as alio in the up and farther remote parts fromthe Sta in INeerione in France, as Loiel and penal ay : the third i»6c/faith he never (aw but in loarmes Muttmsu his garden the feede hath beere imparted to friends, but it is likely to come out of fome hot countrey, becaufe it flowrethlate inthefe colder countries, andfeldomc com- meth to pcrfefhon, ever, as the fourth doth alfo, which Clufm faith, he gathered at the foot of certainehills neerc Salamanca in S pane, and in nootherr place ; the fift Pena faith groweth on that fide of Mens Lupus that faceth the Sunne, neete unto a fmall brooke of water, ~~ - The Chap.4- Theatrum ! Botanicum , T R IB E 9. The Time. The fit ft and fecond flower in the end of Summer. and give ripe feede within a moneth after: the other flower later with ns, and therefore feldome doe their^feedenpen with us. e’cv-vhp five rittnm* diftvmnimis ftbHlofi'autttmant ^ fori thinkc It is called in Greeke*of 1 ’eTable It oneVoate copping a b-anch of Sea Holly cauleth the whole that P^tarks was the hrft » ine . or as others fay untill the Shepheard take it out of his flocke to follow him, unti P ^ P J fr-mcium. vet in many Apothecaries Ihoppes it is called Irirauf, and mouth : the _«r/»w keepet e am n £ "^andtaith tbaicfbme did rtferre Acmes tmto£ryn g ism,ov,dLohcl of lorn eCentum o it W as he faith ado : Ca/alpinw unto the doth thereofmake fomedoin > ana 0 a p ct h \ t Glycyrrbiza Jpinofa, all other authors generally call the Crocodilian oi Diofon tj- 0 n 'J* . <7 f /«ir>ofis J at the fiift among the Thirties, doth afterwards change his liunde, and let it among the Iace as . I. Car daw fiellaris vulgaris. The ordinary Starre Thiftle. The common Starre Thiftle, hath divers long and narrow leaves lying next unto the grouud, cut or tome on the edges, fomewhat deepely, into many, almoft even parts, fofc or a little woolly all ever the greenc, it ^ is fomewhat white, among which rile up divers wcake ftalkes parted into many branenes, a.l lying or er.mng downeto the ground, rather than much raifed up, that it feemeth a pretty bu(h fet with divers t e n e ^ *v 1 c leaves up to the toppes,where feverally doe ftand long and (mall whitifli greene heads, let with very LUarpeana T r ib e 9 The Theater ofTlants. i. C a rauus jteUaru fre CaUitrafa vxl&m The ordinary ftarre Thiftle, Ch/ip. 14 9g9 4. ferduus elfliiialu Dodoruto. S c . Bamabiet Thiftle by ’Dodonexi, long white prickes, no part of the plant being in any place elfe prickly, which are fomewhat ycllowifh, and as fharpe as in any other Thiftle; out of the middle whereof rifeththe flower compote d of many fmall red- difh purple threads, and in the heads after the flowers are pafl, come fmall whitifh round feede lying in downe as others doe: the roote is fmall, long, and wooddy pe¬ ri (king every yeare, and railing it felfc from it owne leede lowing. 2 . CarduusfleHaris flare aloo. The white flowred Star re Thiftle. There is no difference in this Thiftle from the former s . butin the white greenefleof the leaves, and the white threads in the flowers. 3 . Car daw fl ell atm latifoliw. The broade leafed Starre Thiftle. This Thiftle hath broader and fhorter leaves than the former, bur not much or fo deepely cut in on the edges, with a few prickes fet here and there at the corners j the ftalkc is but little divided, having few branches fet with the like leaves, and at the toppes (mail round thickc white heads, fee thickc with prickts, many fet together, in the fa (hi on ofa Starre, (even for the moft part fet fprea- ding in ever 4 v place, the longeft of them being middle- moft,and the other on each fide being fhorter; outofthe middle of the head rife reddifh purple threads like unto divers other Thirties: the roote is fmall and annuall. . 4. Cardans Soljhtialis Ttodon&i . Dodorutus his Midfommer Thiftle or S. Barnabies Thiftle. This Thiftle of Tiodomus as hee faith hath long leaves lying next to the ground, deepely cut in on the Tides into many long and narrow parts, the lower part being fomewhat broad and ending in a long point, of a blew.ifti greene colour, from among which rife up divers upright ftalkestwo footehigh, with divers long and narrow leaves, fomewhat divided but the uppermoft without divifion, and all of them without any pi it kes up- 1 on them; at the toppes ftand fundry fmall fharpe prickly heads, whole prickes are as white or rather more there 99*3- Chap. l*y Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe keneffc and fo «*s "-t m s““ “ratar. fieUatas latifolias caalcfcens : 1 he lall i. thought by fome to be the ?pma regta Tbopbraft, sends called by Gefaer » citric five lute*, and Sph,* Solfistiah and fo doe Todovaas Lobel and w ho alio call it /Wbw SoljHiialU Lagdaaeafis Leucacanthaepuorundam, who as ■ Lcbel alfo faith,the f mis call it Auriole, in divers places, Lfalpinas faeatrepola altera^d ColamaaSpsaa AfuUfsve Cardans ftellcittts miner , and Baahirsm Cardans fiellatas intern filijf ejaai,Gerard his figure thereof is not right, for it is biic the firfl C4«f«»i /?brownifVi on the outfide with fome Narrow leafed gentle Thiftle* “»*»«= a “ ** threads like wooll of the faid colour C4W;r4 ™. his gentle Thiftle. 5 Ctirduui moIlnH yf h ground, very like unto thofe of Elecampane, of a This Thiftle groweth very tall having large: eaves next t g ander y euh> thofe on the fta.kes are like the The Burre headed Thiftle. fingbynewfhootes fromit. ... 4 . Curias moils; a,g «« W* P ^t prickles, with divers long »nd brnad leaves The ftalke hereof is about a cubit high/etwith d ‘ f ■ an( j ^ it h a n,ew of lorae fmall prickles about like unto Docke leaves, ^ingfinooth'dd^rs fmall prickly heads like unto Burres, both tor the forme and .. r J 1.1 u-iio filar,unne trom follenlrer! unto the Alpei and in other places in : the third C—« is frequent on all the hils ot the H'rmodnn ; and Bauhirws faith the laft was found on the hill ™ They doe all flower in duly and Aug*ft. Thefc plants as Clofm faith are not fitly termed ^dililfmfcLrch ot C/-/ZTndVthels theyhfve no to the L belng fl a "u S 'thel y Zav teLlled Cameras therefore and C/ofim have impo- anoent Greeke or Latine Ep,there wherebyThey may t : cm e , , cal | eth the firft CW«»x m.U» fed names on them as they thought tnoft fitting tonaturall 1 _ / ^ V B,folios vet tenuifo/ins, and Bauhinus CordoosmeUo called, CardoZ mLnusfe. s.~,. - c— —#*• “■> •« Uft BaohLs fetteth forth by the name of Cordons mollis UnfolmsL off* cojnmhs. ^ The Verttics . We have not kno wne or heard unto what difeafe any of thele plants have beene applyed, and therefore untill we have lomewhat worthy the relation we mufl: be filent, leaving them to every ones judgement to apply them according to dilcretion. \ve "Branca urfina. Beares-breechl jcta,v_®SHereare two forts of this herbe, the one fmooth and without prickles eytheronthe leafe or head: the other very prickly in the leafe but not on the head : which although I have fee forth in my former ;• t->sj booke, yet I thinkegoodto repeatethem hercagaine, in that I would a little more comment upon ■feiSvwJi them,and (hew you more fully their fpecificall vermes. i. Acanthus fatbits. The garden gentle or manured Beares-breech. This gentle Thiflle (as it is accounted ) (hooteth foote many very large thicke fmooth and fad grecne leaves upon the ground with a thicke middle rib, and parted into (undry deepegafhes on the edges, from among which after it hath (food long in a convenient p(ace,ri(eth a reafonable great ftalk ? or 4 foot high without either j’oynt, branch or leafe thereon, but onely from the middle upwards, (et with a (pike as it were of whitehoodded or gaping flowers (landing in brownilh huskes, fomewhat (harpe at the points,and a fmall long undivided leafe!un- der each flowertafter which come in the hotter countries (but not in ours as (at as I can learrej broad,flat,round, thicke, brownilh yellow ftede; the text of ViofcorUes hath them fomewhat long but fuch did I never fie,which having put into the ground hath fprunge with me and growne, the rootes are many great thicke and long (kings, fpreading fan e and deepe in the gronnd, of a darkifh colour on the outfide and whitifh withimvery clammy and more then the leaves, fo full of life [that a fmall pecce left in the ground, will fpring up againe, but will require fhelter or defence from the extremetie of the winter wether. a. Acanthus Sjlveflris. The wilde or prickly Beares-breech. This other wilde or prickly forr hath like wile fundry long leaves, lying on the ground but much narrower more devided on the edges into (mailer parrs, and each part with (mall incifions, and very (harpe white prickles at them,from among which a lefl'er and lower (la'.ke arileth.with the like fpiked head of fiowers,andafew prick¬ ly leaves thereon in their way comming up, (landing in more (harpe and prickely huskes than the former, after which the feedc that it prodneeth, is as (mall as a little Peafe, hard, blacke, and round : the roote hereof fprea- deth not fo deepe, or farreas the former, nor growethfo great but is more tender tokeepe from the Win¬ ter coldes. The Place and Time, - They both grow naturally in many places of Italy, Spasne, and France, but are onely nurfed up in the gardens 1. slcavtlm fativa. Beares breech. 1. Acanthus fyltefttis. Prickly Beares- breech, of Tribe 9 . TbeTbeaterof'Tlants. C h a p.17. of the curious with us: the firft flowring in Iune fometimcs or in Iuy but givcth no^erfeft feede with us, th; other later flowreth and feldome or never yet gave usany fhew of ripe feede. The Names. They are called in Greeke dag.vS& and £<*13^ Acanthus .and Acantha and Herpacanthaby fome, and the fmooth fort and Patterns and Mclamphyllos asOribaJius and Pliny have it, Fuchfius iU'o faith that it was formerly called c Marnuraria by the Romanes which is corruptly turned into MamoUria among the baftard names of Dio/corides, becaufe the forme of the leaves was ufually the patterne for many engravings;, &c. in pillars and other workes, their pots and cups alfo fle wred with the fame: The firft is called Acanthus verm fativus, bortenjis and Uvti by all others, or mollis pmgilii, and Branca ttrfina by the Italians : there are fome that make a doubt whether this be the true Acanthus of ‘Biofcorides partly for the difference of the feedes as you have it before, and partly of the colour of the rootes to be red, but all other parts fo exatftly agreeing thereunto hath decided that doubt: fome againe make a queftion as Bauhinus miftaking the matter, whether the garden kindc be not the Acantha of Theophr ^Jlus lib.^.c. 11 . which heputteth among the herbes: but he in disjoyning Acantha (from Ceanotbus to make them two things altereth the fame wonderfully, as you may fee it in Bauhinm his Pinax in his Scholy upon Acanthus, and comparing it with Theophrasbu his Text: but I thinke 1 may more truly won . dec why the firft Acanthus fhould bee numbred inter Spinas&Cardnos, being fofmooth anberbe without any fhew of prickles or thorncs in leafeor heads; which if I might give an anfwer thereunto, n ight rather proceede from the likenelfe of the thyrfus or fpike offlowers unto the wildeor prickly fort then ofitfelfe: the other was firft let forth by c Bodott£W and Lobel 'who call it Acanthus fylvcjlris and Scaly mo Biofcoridis fimilis acute attu : fome terme it JpmofM and fome aettleattu but it cannot bee Chamaleontha Mmfpelienflum which bath a prickly Thilile or Artichoke like head, although the title over it in Labels lames importeth fo much, The Italians as I faid be- fire call it Brancaurjznamd Acantlio-.theSpaniardj Tervagigante and Brantyuaurfina,tbe French alfo Branchem. fine, the Germane! IVelfih BerenleUFa , the Butch Becren claenw , and wee in Snglifh Bearcs breech and not Beares foote, which is another herbe (hewed you here before to be HelleboraSler minor. The Peruses. Byreafon ofthemuccilagines in the leaves they are often ufed in our times in the decoctions for glifters, (o to make the pafl'ages more ealfe and Oipperie: but Biofcorides faith that they binde the belly, and are good for thofe members that are out ofjoyhtto confirmeand ft l engthen them which no doubt it may doe by the (limy matter in the leaves and rootes, and (bone convertible by heate into a binding quality ; for as Galen faith <5 f,mpl. the roote hath a drying as well as agentle cutting facultie, being of thinne parts and the leaves often meanelv dige- fling withall: the rootes fay Biofcorides and Pliny are applyed to helpe thofe places that are burnt with fire, and alfo thofe that are bHrften, Crampes like wife and the paines oftheGoute, to be outwardly applyed, and thede- codfion of them taken inwatdly provokech urine.and is good for thofe that are falling into a Confumption. Chip. XVII. rAnonufive Refia bovU. Reft Harrow or Cammaok. Iter I-have (hewed you all thefhiftles that are ufually knowne, let me to finifhthis Claflis include thofe fhrubbes or bulhes that are thorny and prickly,fome of which number are already entreated of in m y I° r mer booke, and thofe are the Roles of all forts for a Garden, the Rafpis berries.the Gooleberries ;,J ' and Barberries, the PaliurasorChriftsThome, the Pyracanthaor overgteene Hawtherne and Savine of one fort, the Ficus Indica or Indian Fig,and the Indian Itscca which hath a prickly poi' ted leafe, & in the fecontl C laflis of this worke the purging Rhamnusor Bttckes thorne : of the r c ft I (hall Ipcakhere in order as they come next to hand, and firft of t he Reft Harrow which is diftinguifhed into two kinds, the one thorny, the other gen¬ tle without thorncs which is to be joyned to the other for the names fake,ofeach whereof there is fome varietie as the fucceeding Chapter will (lie w. i. Anor.ii [pinofi [loro pur pur to. Common Reft Harrow with purplifh flowers. The common Reft Harrow that is frequent as well in arable as wafte grounds and by lanes, rifeth up vvithdi- vers tough wooddy ewigges, halfe a yard or a yard high, fet at the Joynts without order, with little roundifh leaves fometimes more then two or three at a place, ofadarke greene colour, without thornes whiles they axe young, butafterwards armed in fundry places with (hort and flaarpe thornestthe flowerscome forth at the tops of the twigges and branches whereof it is full, fafhioned like Peafeor Broome BlofTomes, but leffer, flatter and foinewhat clofer, of a faint purplifh colour, after which fucceede fmall pods concerning within them lihall flat and round feede : the roote is blackifla on the outfide and whitifh within, very tough and hard to breake while it is (reft, and greene, and as hard as an home when it isdryed, thrufting downe deepe into the ground,and lpreading likewife, every little peece'eing apt to grow againe if it be left in the ground. 2. Anonisfpinofa flore albo. Reft Harrow with white flowers. This Reft Harrow differeth in little elfe from the former then in the leaves which are a little freflier greene, and in the colour of the flowers which are very white in fome places more then in others, in other things they are alike. 3 Antonis fpinofa montetna lutea mayor. The great yellow prickly Reft Harrow. This likewife differeth from the former onely in the leaves which are fomewhat larger and longer and in the flowers which areyellow like th: other yellow kinde without thorncs. 4. Anonis fpinofa hstea minor, The leffer yellow pricklv Reft Harrow, This other yellow Reft Harrow thar hath thornes 01 prmkes thereon is like the laft yellow fort, but lower and fmaller arifing little above halfe afoore high, differing notin any ether greater matter from the laft. 5. Anonis non fpinofa flore purpurea, Purplifh deit Harrow without Thornes. This Reft Harrow hath no other difference in it from the mod common, but that this hath n, Hornes or prickes Q_q q q " upon 993 294 C* a p.17. 1 Theatrum Botanicum. Tr I B £ uppn the fprigges, no not in Aiitume when the other will Fierc alto, have very many. 01 this lore thereis one likewile that beared', white flowers which mafceth all the difference. 6 Anonit non fbinofa lutca major. The greater yellow gentle Reft Harrow. This "rear yellow gentle Kelt Harrow fhooteth from tlieroote which is long rough and blackifli, divers flexible wooddy twigges branch ng forth on all tides,covered with a brownifh red barke let rcalonably thickewith leaves, which are for the molt part three (landing together upon a lon° faotflalke fomewhat like unto Trefoile, luc lome- what final! narrow and long with notches at the ends fo much overfpread with a flrong fenced clamminelfe that it will ftickefo fall to their hands that touch them, efpedally in the heatc of the yeare, and in the hot countries that it will hardly be taken off againe: at the foppes of the bran¬ ches (land many Peale bloffome-like flowers, of a fairc yellow colour, alter which come fmall & long cods with a crooked point at the end of every one of them, whsre- ‘pm- in is conteined fmall flattifh feed,Of this kind wc have had pjra.ic. from Bod of Lilhbourno a Idler fort, whole flowers fmclt better then theformer-.the roots of both are annuall pertlh- ing yearely. As alfo another with a more reddifh flower. y, AnonU non Jpinofa lutra variegata. Variable yellow gentle Red Harrow. Thisdiffereth in no other thing tram the lad yellow,but in the flowers which are of a paler yellow colour, flriped all the length of the flowers with reddifh ftripcs, which make them the more conflpicuous and regarded. 8 . Anonii Vlfcofet minor luteo pendtilo. The iefler yellow gentle Red Harrow. Thisleffer yellow, gentle Red Harrow groweth very low and fmall not much above an hand breadth high, ha¬ ving many branches of two or three inches long a pecce, with leaves fet thereon , three joyned together for the moll part and clammy alfo like the other yellow forts, the flowers (land in iike manner at the toppes of the branches ’ 1. Anonis .0 Ononu fpinrfa flore pot put eo. Common Reft Harrow ivitlr purplift flowers. 9 - yellow Tribe 9. T be Theater of ‘Plants, Chat, 180 ___ _ ML vellow but fmailer and hanging downcwards: the feede that followeth is much like the other, but i mailer and ins imaller cods Of this (ort a'ifo wee have had from the faid Boel two other forts with reddiih Sowers both of Mime them growing low and l'mall.the one beingbut annuaUand the other abiding, The firlf fecondand fift with the varietie thereof grow in many places of our land, as wet! in the arable is /Z " * l ‘ f,! ' ! wafte grounds, but the third and fourth I never met with growing naturally any where in onr countrcy .although LoM laithof the fourth that it groweth as well about Briftor* ts London, Gefneruith the third groweth on the hill Gemma among the Valefums, and Columna faith the fourth groweth in the kingdoms of Naples ■ the lixr, fe~ venth and eighth with their varieties groweth as well in Narbcne in Trance, and about dtompe/ier as in Spams and Tortugall. The Time. They doe all flower about the beginning or middle oUWy.and their feede is ripe in tsfttgufi. IT THofcorides and Tliny call it A’tuy'i; Anonis,Tbeophrafiw and GalenO’vavis Ononis the Latines keepc both names, Anonis quafi non juvande quod null am util it atom p,abeat,dicividetnr , pqmdcmaratoribm immicaeft, vivaxq- nimis ft-uees epprimit & fait actilen nocet nifi qais ex adverfo nomen inditiim putaverit ; Ononis hot' t» •> i quafi d cm afini obfeBationem, nam ex Greets quidam affirmant afinos in cafe volutare <$■ dorfumfub ejus aculcit hbenter exterere. It is alfo called Arcfla bovis and Refla bovis, and Rcmorum aratri, becaufc the roots are both fo tough that the Plough Share cannot eafily cut them, and fo deepely and llrongly fallned in the ground,ihac the Coulter happening w der iccaufeththeOxentobeeataftand for the firft twitch, nut being able without mote then ordinary Ifrengthto pull them forth, Cordus on THofcorides calleth it AcutelU , becaufe the thotnes doe prick: chole that unwarily g 0 e by it. Gefner in bonis advifeth not to bring Ononis into a garden lead it prove Anonis that is not helpefull buc hurtfull, being not eafie to rid it out againe Angmtara tooke it to be co£gipjras Cr.ueass. All writers elfeca.Tic 'eyther Anonis,Ononis or Rejlabovis with the feverall dilfinfl:ionsof^i»o/nor non ffimofa , and according to the colour of the flowers onely the great yellow without thoi nes is taken of moft herbar ills to be Natnx lnfj,w hich yet iaWfecmeth to doubt of,'faying hce will neither gucfle not divine by what argument it is luppoled, nor troublehimftlfe much to difprove them, yet Angailara doth rather thinke the Fraxmella fhouldbeit. The/or- lians call it Anor.ide Bonagami Refta bone, the Spaniards gattilhos and galtinos, theFremh Arrefte beuf. rhe Germans HanhackellanA Ocksenbrcck the Thuch rangwortele, oft Staler vijt, and wee mEngltJh Rdf Harrow Enpboma gratia rather then Reft Plough or Reft Oxen as it is in other languages,in fome countries alfo Cammock and Petty whin. The Verities. Galen faith that the roote of Reft Harrowis hot' in the third degree having fome clenfing and cutting fa cubic therein alfo. It is Angular good to provoke urine when it is flopped, and tobreake and drive forth ri e ftune, which the powder @fthe barke of the roote taken in wine performethcffcdlually; for CMatthiolus writeth that he knew divers freed from thofe difeales that ufed the fayd powder in wine for many dayes together, and the fame alfo to he pethat lifeafe called Rnmex or Beirnacamofa the flefhy rupture, that is, that flcfliy carnofitieby little and little confumedpn taking the faid powder for fome moneths together conflanrly.when as the Phyhcionc and Chirurgions had given them over, as defperate or no otherwife to bee cured but by cutting or burning: the clccoftion thereofmade with fome vinegar and gargled in the mouth eafeth the paines of the roothach eft ecially when it commeth of rheume.- fome alfo atfirme that the decoftion.here .fdrunke doth helpe the painefull heiror- 1 hordes: but it is certainly found true that the faid decoftion taken is very effcftuall toopen the obfti uftions of the Liver and Spleetie,and the other parts :a dill filed water made in Balnea with fbure pounds of thcrootes of Reft Harrow, firftfliced fmall, and afterwards fteeped ma Gallon of Canaty wine, is lingular pood liltewft for all the purpofes aforefaid.and to c enle the paffagesof theurine,not lufferingany marrer that is clammy to gather tog ther or harden to become a done: the faid quaniitie of the rooces diced and put into a Hone pot dole flopped with rhe like quantitie of wine, and fofetcoboylein a Raima Marie tor 24. houresis asdaintie a medicine for tender ftomacks as any the daintiel! Lady in the Land can rielire to take, being troubled with am-the afore I a id griefes : the powder of the faid roote made into an Elecfluary or Lozenges with Sugar, as alio the bailee, f the trefli rootes boyled ender and afterwards beaten into a Conferee with Sugar worketh to the like. ft. ft .-,h e powder or the rootssflrowedupon the hard callous, brims of ulcers, or the (aid powder mixed with any other convenient thing and applyed doth conlume the Iaardndle and caufethcm toheale the btitc - : it is recorded chat informer times the young'fhoots and tender ftalkes before they became prickly were picled up to bee eaten as a meate orfawfe, wonderfully commended againft a Itinking breath, and to takeaway the fmellof wire in them thithaddrunke too much. Pena in his Italian Baidas faith that divers Apothecaries with them there in /nr) doe ufe the flowers of die yellow Reft Harrow in (lead of Mellilot eyther through want or ignorance. Chap. XVIII: Tragstcantha. Goates Thorne.’ SjCannot bat diffent from Bauhinus who diffenteth from Cluftst and others, that make Poterium another ; or lefler fort of Tragacantha,zwA differing from the Pimpinclla frinofa for I muftdoe contrary to him, : and thinke I have gftod reafon for it, as fhall be fhewed by and by,n«ncl fpeake of the Pimpinclla fpinofa in a Chapter by it (elfe, becaufe I finde the difference betweene Poterium,Tragacantha and Pimpinclla fpinofa to conftft in many things. 1 Tragetcantha vera. The true Goats thornc. The trne Goars thorne is a fmall bubble plant rifingup withmany tough plyantor flexible wooddv {femmes not much above a mbit or two f, ,ote high divided into many (lender branches, covered with a white hoarineffe, fet with divers long white thurnes in a double row, among which rife, up divers winged leaves that is, many Q^qq 2 final.? Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 9. fmall long and round leaves fet on each fide ofa middle ribbe, which abide on ali the whiter long and fall not eff, untill the fpring doe bring on frefli, and then fall away, at the toppes ot the branches ^nd among the leaves come forth the flowers which are of a whitifh reilow colcur, fafhionedfomewhat like unto the flowet ofaTrc- foilc, after which come Imall (hort upright white cods, wherein are concerned fmall whitifh cornered feeder the r'oote is very great and long,fpreading much and farrein the ground, which being broken or wounded yeel- deth a touch pure (hinig white gumme,in fmall crooked peeces talking fomewhat iweete. There is another fort Alien tm y, ereo f w hofeftaIkes and branches are blackifh and wooddy, having (mail thinne leaves all fet on one fide, and t ■j iMifera not oppofiteasin the former, the flowers and feede is fomewhat like, bur the rooteyeeldethnogumme. 2. 7 'ragac&ntha alterafen miner Potericn forte Diofccr'idis . The fmall (Coates thorne. This other Goats thorne is fo hke ihe firft that it is often miflaken for ir,growing lower and fmaller then the for¬ mer a et fpreading and (hooting lorth pliant flexible [hikes, cov ered as it w ere with feales about a foot high, from whence fpringeth up a cottony or woolly head.whichbreaketh into lunary winged leaves in the fpring of the yearc.made of many fmall and almofl round leavesferngfct on both fidesoi a middle ribbe.whkhare very hoaty and as it were woolly at the firft budding forth, which the former hath not and fo continue hoary as long as they abide enthe rihbe, which proveth a thorne very cruell fharpe and prickly at the end when they are fal¬ len away, fo that all the winter long noleafeis feeneonany, andthe thornes that have caft their leaves never have any more growing on them, but abide bare and naked ihornesever after,the bufh feeming all the winter ]on° nothing bur long fharpe white thornes: from the upper parts of theftalkes come forth two or three whitifh flowers {landing together, made of rwo leaves a peece an under and an upper, both formed (omewhat like hoods, each flower in a hoary huske orhofe; the pod that followetb is hoary, \vhite,thicke,fhort and fomewhat broad, ending in a point wherein is contained whitifh feede, fomewhat like unto a Aiediea feede: the room is great long and tough, blackifh on the outfide and white within, fome whatfweet and gummy, yetycel- ding but little gumme and that more yellowifh. There is another fort hereof whofe branches are very fharpe, Pwriora not riling much above the ground, but they are many and thicke growing together, the roote being wounded allied. yeeldeth a gumme like unto Tragacantha. 3. Tragacantha Syriaca flaveferni . The yellow Syrian Goates thorne. This Syrian thorne differeth very little from the laft but in the flowers which are yellow, (landing in round yellowifh huskes, and that the whole plant groweth lower. 4. Tragacantha Syriarapmpnrafccnt , Purple Syrian Gear s thorne. This other Syrian kinde is as low as the laft, having manybrowne thicke ftalkec, thicke fet with leaves and ma¬ ny white heads at the toppes, out of which come purple flowers like the former which are very bcaucifull. The Place. Both the former fortswith their varieties have beene found as well in Candy as about MarfeUes and (JMom* filer : the firft anciently knowne both there and in other places (udicient plentifully.but the other wss alfo found by Clnftnt in the kingdom of Granada.a more cxadl figure whereof was lenc unto him after his death from Aqnaf- fextiai which is not farre from Mampelier, and is publifhrd in his Cara foflerieres in quanta, fag. 113. the other two laft forts Raurralfim,mi Lugdxntnfis from him in his Appendix letteth forth to grow in Syria, i. Tragacantha vera. The true Goates thorne. 1. Tragacantha altca feu wimr Poterionfvrte 'Diofioiidu. Small Goates thorne. The 5 TbeTheater of Tlants, C h a p„i^. T rise 9. TbeTheater of Tlants, The Time, All thefe forts are very tender to keepc with us, not enduring the cold of thefe cold climates without extraor¬ dinary care and provifionjbut in their naturall places flower and feede in the beginning of Autumne. The Names, The firft is undoubtedly knowne to be the oeaylwZa. Tragacantlta of the ancients, ideJ},Hirci fpina not from any ftrong fent of a Goate as the. Tragium and Tragorigttmm have, but from the fharpe forme of the bufh with thornes as it groweth reprefenting a Goates beard, the gumme likewife that is garnered from the raotes when they are cut or broken in the heate ot the yeare is called Gummi Trogacantha, and in the fhoppes of Apothecaries in France,^c. Cjumdragant, thevarietie thereof is mentioned by Alpinm in Librode exoticis pUntis ■ the fecond isadjuged by the beft herbarifts in thefe times to be the vrnie<»r Toterionof Dioftoridei, which as hee faith fome called rdj £.«; Neurai quod nervit arnica fit & Poterium quodpotrix her ha pale, do jam riguumque / plum amas, as fome fay, Pliny laithlt was called alfo Phrynium : this differcth from the Tragacantha but yet commcth neater there¬ unto then unco the P impmeHafpinofa as you (hall heare in the next Chapter, thechiefefl difference bttweene the TrajMCtfarfeandPofo-iMOTjConfidinginthatitkeepeth nogreeneleaves in winter as Tragacantha dorh,is more hoary or woolly and fpreadeth more abroad with the branches then Tragacantha, which groweth more dole and upright,but agreeth therewith in the fmall leaves and fharpe thornes and in the rooie which ycelJeth a gumme fomewhat like Co gumme Tragacantha but the Pimpinel/a fjtinofa hath both differing leaves branches and fruit' with fmaller and leffer prickly thornes and a dry lapleffe roote which yeeldcth no gumme, and abided; ever greene. Now let others fudge whether this be more fitly referred to PtmpmeUafpinofa qs Sauhimu or to Tract, cant ha as Clufiui doth who calleth ixTretgacantba altera forte Poterien, and fodoe Lobe!, Tabermontantu , Alptnue and Lugdunenfii a.d Tellomitt likewife a, it is likely, Bauhinm himfelfe although he fever it from ihe Claflisof Tragacantlta yet calleth if Tragacantha a finis, Matthiclus calleth it Peter,urn and lodoth Tabermontamw and Luo. drinmft, Raureelfius malteth it his firft Tragacantlta and Lugdnnenfis in his Appendix in the like fort after him ; the two laft forts arc fee downe by Rauwelfim in his fecond booke and in the .'aid Appendix of Lugdunenfis. The Vertucs, I doe not finde that the leaves flowers,feedes or rootes of Tragacantlta are ufed toany purpofe, but oftely the gumme it felfe, which betides the pbyficall ufesferveth to many purpoesas a kinde of Starch or Glew tobinde orftiffbn things wichall: the gumme diltolved is often mixed withpeftorall Syrupes, hony or juice of Licoris to helpe the cough or hoarfeneffe mthe throate falr,and fharpe diftillations of rheumeupon the Lungs, being taken as an Elefluafyorput under the tongue fo to diltiil gently downe: the faid gumme diffolved in f eet wine a dram at a time and drunke,is available for the gnawing paines in the bowells and the fhirpnePcand herrings of urine, eyther in the revnes of bladder, elpecialiy if fome harts home burnt and waft be mixed therewith: the faid gum alfo is an ocular medicine helping thereunto, being ufed alone or mixed with other things for the purpofe,to allay the heate and fharpenes of hot rheums falling into them,and (Irengtheneth and bindeth more then Sarcoco/la the faid gumme mingled with rmlke taketh away white Ipors growing in the blacke of the eyes, the trehing alfo of them and wheales and fcabbes thargrow upon the eyelids: being fomewhat terrified and mixed with the juice or wine of Quinces and ufed in a glitter is good againlt the bloody flux.. And generally uled where there is caufe of making fmooth any of thefe parts that is the Lungs.Cheft, Throate or Windepipegrowen hoarfe or fharpe by rhcLimes or ro reprtfle or dry up defluxions of .fharpe and thinne matter to the throate, j ; lies,etc. as forylccrs in any of thefe parts it is an excellent and approved remedy :the rootes of the fecond which as f fayd is eerily held to be the true Potcrium of Diofcoridcsboyied in wine and drunke is profitable againft the poyfonot the red toade, and being made into a pultis and applyed to any qf the Nerves or Sinewes that are wounded cur. or hurt doth lieale them and fnder them together, as alfo all other lbrts of wounds and cuts: the laid decoftion of the rootes in wine is alfo effefluall for the faid purpofes to bee drunke, and for inward wounds and veincs that are broken. Chap. XIX. Pimpinella fpinefa. Thorny Burnet. [He thorny Burnet (taken of.divers to be Tcteriumbm much differing tberefrom,as I have faid before, * and (hall hei e more prefently) Ipreadeth divers wooddy whitifh twiggy ftaikes round about, not riling much above a cubit high branching and imetlafing it felfe one within another very much bea- ring fundry winged leaves of many let together on both tides of a middle ribbe, which upon the firft appearing are clofed together, and altervvards fpread themfclves more largely and dented about the edges very like unto fmall Burnet leaves, greene on the uppetfidc and hoary white underneath, wiih many fmall prickes or thornes, not very ftr, ,ng or fharpe. fet confuledly upon the ftaikes and at the ends,at the toppes whereofand the branches ftand divers fmall reddifh greene flowers fet together, after which come 'mall berries divers growing together like unto fmall Blacke berries, or Mulberries, go ene at the firft and reddifh afterwards: the roote is not great but long and {lender, fp eading much under ground, being tough and not eafie to breake, lapleffe alfo or without any gum comming therefrom when it is broken. Tbe Place . Thisgroweth in fiandj as Henorius Bellui faith and Alpinm alfo upon the hills where Time,Savory and Afpara- gusgrow, and with them having Dodder growing upon it alfo : and upon the fide of mount Ltbwm in Syria is Rauwoljitu faith, and as Dalecltampius faith in the vallies beneath the hilly woods ill Savoy about Mary a which is but a little diflant from Gratianeple but is never found in wetormarfhy places. The Time. Itflowrethintheendof Summer, and the fruit is ripe in Autumns when the young leaves beginne to fpring forth. 99 8 ChaP/JO. Theatrum \Botanicum. T r i b e 9. finpinellaJpino/a. Thorny Burnet. The Thames. This plant is generally called PimpmeUafpino/a, and by fomeasis aforefaid Poterium but faltly for Pcurium as you have hea.d before hath very flrong and long white thornes, the leaves arc like Lentills, the fruit are cods wherein lye the feede and the roote yeeldeth a kmdeof gumme all which arc contrary herein as you may perceive by the dclcription, the leaves hereof being dented about, and in (hew very like Burnet which together with the prickes hath caufed the name of thorny Burnet. Hone, rim Tellw in his (econd Epiftle unto Clufuss (heweth ve- ry learnedly and by found and good reafons, that this plant being called the other white, both which are almofl unknowne to the mod judicious at thefe times,yet Pona in his 1 Latine and Italian Baldtu, hath expreffed the figure of the fird Ajfalathut, and in his Italian the figure al- 1 fo of the (econd differing from thofe of Clufms and others, growing with Signer Contanni, all which I thinke fit to fhew you here. I, Afftalathiu alter Monfpelien/is, Uiofcmdit his fecond Afpalathus according to thofe of Montpelier. This Afpalathus or thorny bu(h of Montpelier ( where the learned did judge to be the fecond A/palatl mot 0 10- Jcorides) is a fmall low bufh or Girubbe,not riling much above a cubic high.ftored with divers branches and lharpe fhort cr ,oked thornes,bending downewards fee on them, as alfo many fmall greene leaves,divers fet together on both lides of the middle ribbe,no bigger then Lentil) leaves,and (uch likewiicthe young branches have,but fmaller : the flowers Hand on the ftrongcr thorny branches, three or fonre or more Handing together of the falhion of Broome flowers, fometimes more yellow and fometimes paler, after which come fmall feedes in Imall pods. 2 . Afpalathns alter fee tin dm Clnfij, (flufvu his other fort of Afpalathui. This other Afpalathui of Clufiui groweth greater higher and Hronger then the former, and fee with fharpe crooked thornes as plentifully as it, with imall leaves on them in the fame man- ner,at the toppes wheieof grow the flowers like the other, but alwayes of a paler colour, in the reH there is little difference to be difeemed betweene them. g. Afpalathtu alter tertiui hirfutui. Small Afpalathui with hairy leaves. This fmall Afpalathtu groweth ufually lower then the firft, as not exceeding a foote in height furnifhed with more Gender yet prickly ffalkes, but divided into many fach fmaller branches, that they feeme almoff as fmall as thole of Southernwood, be¬ ing hard and prickly; from the elder branches fhoote forth in the Spring of the yeare other fmaller ffalkes bearing many hoary leaves like thofc of Lentills but fofterand larger then thofe of thefirff fort: the flowers likewife being yellow like the other are greater then they by a little -• ths feede Likewise keepetha proportion like unto the reff. 4. Afpalathui fecundus ‘Diofcoridia legitimus Porta. Diofcorides his true fecond fort of Afpalathui according to Toua. The true Afpalathns alter^DiofcoridU (firft deferibed by Homo - ritu Bellasoicatidyw\h\i firftEpiftle to Clufius and the figure thereof afterwards exhibited by * 7 9 en 4 in his Italian 'Baidas, 4 . ^Jpalatbus fecundus Dio florid is legitmus P ana. "Diofcorides iiis true iecond fort o(djpalitbui according to Vona. ?. Malatui primus Diofcoridis odor aJu f. Incnrtt and fvvectc -^Jpalaibus of Z>/, J 'ofcotidegl iooo C H A P.20- Theatrunt ‘ Botanicum . Tr,bk ? • wherciiuTlmnTmorerare plants let forth then is in the Latine, and received from Siptr Contannl who hath a Garden ftored with the rareft plants that can bee gotten trom all part-) is as the laid Mm, faith generally knowne through all Gruciu reteining yet the old name, wherewith they not onely make hedges andfencesto their rounds but infome places whole Groves are tound ftored therewith : and is a fmall hedge fcufh rifinc up vvth many uprightltemmes, branched forth into many Fans, let full of fmall (harpe white thornes onallfides w^hout order, and at every thorne on the young and tender branches one tj etoilc pale greene leate upon a long f'-cteftalke, whole ends areround and dented in in the middle : the flowers fiard at the toppes divers fet toge¬ ther which are fafhioned like unto Broome flowers at lon e times, and plac.s, wholly yellow', and at others more reddifh or inclining to purple, of lofwecte a l'ent that with the winde it is felt .good way of ■ when the flowers are I alien there come up in their places fmall pods.comcimng within them toure or five fmall round feede like Vet-hes, leffer then thofe of Acacia altera : the roote is wooddyand brancheth forth in the ground, fending forth fuel ers whereby it is plentifully encrealed : the lubftarce of the wood is very hard heavy and • white, the heart or core whereof is blackilh and utterly without anyfcnt while it is greene, but dry fenteth ^ tar ' - dfpaU/bits primus Diofcoridi, oderatus. The firft and fweete JJpalaikt/r of Dicfcendc,. AJthounhthis plant be not throughly deicribcd and fet forth as the former is with the leaves, flow ers and feede bein" but declared with the trunke oi body and with an arme and a few branches cut (hoitwith thorres thereon appearing c ec I thought it not inconvenient to let it forth as it is extant with (o much defer iption as is added un¬ to it that others mav underfland thereof and have thereby fome knowledge of it,to further them when they {hall • happen to meete w'ith it. The baike of the tree is of a blackifh afhcolour.of an aflringent and fomewbacbitier talfe and biting withall, which being taken off, the inner baike is of a faire purple colour, efpecially the inner- moft which is very thi,me, fine and full of fmall firings or tin cads, the fubfiance of the wood is fir me and heavy but liukcth not in water as Ebony doth, of a pale colour and bUckifh for tbe mod part m the middle, of a ftrong lent, fome iv hat quirke or fierce : Tlx re have beeneformerly divers woods fheu ed and taken to bee true AjjyaU. thus as bv fome the Li^msm Ubedtum and by l'ome the wilc'-e Olive.&c. but all have erred in then judgement, every one of them wanting the notes of the trueinlome part or other, and this onely comming neartft there- untQ in every thing. The Place. ' The firft groweth about SaUmanc i in Spume, as alfo about Mompelier and in H*rbonc of France : the fecond in old Caftilc in Spume the third at the footc of the Pyrenean hills towards Spume : the fourth in Candy in divers * places in Greece : the laft is not declared trom whence it came. The Time. They all flower fomewhat early in their naturail and warme countries, and give their fruit or feede in Sum¬ mer • but in thefe coulder climates thev will hardly enduie the firft colds of our Autumnc as my felfe have pro¬ ved who have had them fprunge from the feede that I fo' ed and have abiden onely the Summer Seaton. The Names. The Greekescallit Ajpalathus y and fo doe the Latinesalfo, y e t Pliny ft rom Diofcorides faithitwas a!to called Erjfifceptrum and of fome Sceptrum. The firft three forts Clufites doth acknowledge are none of them the true nAJpalarhm alter T) iofcoridii , yet becaufe faith hec others did call the firft to (and the others are liked unto ic) hecalieth it and them Afpalathm alter prim/a (ecundw & tertins. Bauhinm emituleth them all Gem ft a* fpartium fpinofitm as Lohcl doth,fet forth in his leones • but in his Obtervations he calleth it sAljpa/athus fecund* mionff/elienfiumy and Lugdunenfu Afpalathw primus MonfpeffuUntu but thould he ftcmdtu being the Primers fault; Angutlara tooke it robe Acacia, altera , and Tabermontanus calleth it ScorptUi minimus : the fourth is the Acacia altera oi’CMatthiolus, Lacuna, LoniceriM , Label, Lugdunenfis, Gefner and Camcrar.w ; but Hcnoriw Be tins in his fife Epiftle unto CInfix fheweth (as Fona alio from him doth,and as I fayd in the defeription) that in Candy and throughout all Gracia it is called Spalathos to this day, and therefore is confident to call it AJpalathus fecun- dus Thofccridss S as Guilandmu j in his Epiftles did before him, who was "Bellus his Tutour : but Bauhinus becaufe he would go with the greater although not the better number as it fhould feeme (for he quoterh the fame authors h infelfc that 1 doe here, both that call it ncacia and Afpaiathus ) calleth it Acacia trifolia:the laft onely Pona hath let forth in his Latinc and Italian defeription of Mount Baldns, who faith that the wood is pa e, and yet Bauhi- nut in fetcing it downe in his Pinax as ha' ing received a peece thereof from 7 0»^himfelfe faith thus of it )Ajpa» latbns corticeciticreo Itgno furptsreo making the wood to be purple w hen as nothing but the inner rinde is fo. Clu~ fins faith that the Spaniards call the firft EMia y the fecond Anlaga y and the third Hallada. The Vertues. Avicen faith that Afpaiathus is hot in the firft degree and dry in tbe end of the fecond, almoft to the third. Bio- Jeer ides faith it hath an heating qualitie with tome aftriftion, but Galen hb.ofmpl medicament, faith thus. Afpa- lathus is in tafte fharpe, together with fome aftrifhion alfo, the faculties therein being of unlike parts, c< wit fharpe whereby it is heatings d h rfh or fowrc, whereby it is cooling by both which it is drying, and thereby gooa againft putrefactions and Fluxes of all fort : a decoition thereof made in wine and gargled in the mouth is fingular good to heale the fovvle Vlccrs thereof, as alfo thofe in tbe nofe to beefnufted up or injeited, as alfo thofe Vlcers of the genitoryes or fecret parts, if they bee bathed tl erewith : tbe laid decoction ftajeth the flux of the belly and helpeththe fpittii g of blood, it helpeth alio thofe that cannot mal e water,and diflolveth windy fwellings. Pliny faith the lame, and further faith that it helpeththe chappes in the hands or other parts, and that the barke is effeituall againft the ftrangury, as alfo available to binds the belly, and the decodion thereof ftayeth bleedings. Ch a fi R IB K Ginijhi Spartiumfptnofum, F this kinde of Plant Bauhinw maketh many forts, fome whereof I have placed in the former Chap- ter as fitteft tor that place in my opinion rather then this, the reft (hall be declared here. x. Geniftafparciumfpmtfurn minus, The letter pliant thorny Broome. This fmall thorny bufh rifeth about a foote high fet with molt (harpe thornes, placed in order two . j hls imau tnorny oum rnctn aoout a toote rngti let with molt tharpe thornes, placed in order two alwayes together one againft another, ot a pale greene colour, many branches of thefe thornes (pringing from the maine ftemme upto the toppe, at the ends whereof ftand three or fourefuch yellow Broome-like flowers as are to be feene in the Furlebutlics, after which come fmall fhortpods foenclofed in a hoary woolly downethar they i'cemeasir were covered with ccrpwebs, wherein lie fmall teede Idler than Vetches:thc rooteis long and fpi-ca- deth much. 2. Genifla fpartium fpinofum Sjriacum. The pliant thorny Broome of Syria, This thorny buth rilcth up more then a cubit high, let with divers branches and fmall long afh-colpured thornes yet more foft and gentle then the other, and more fparfedly placed alto, having divers long and narrow blewifh or afh-coloured leaves with them like unto thole of Knotgraffc: the flowers are of a purple colour, _ (landing in fmall red huskes, after which come fmall long pods like unto the Scorpion podded feede veffeiis, con- ' tcining reddifli feede within them : theroote is long and browne. 3. Spartumfpinofum Crcticum. The pliant thorny Broome ofCar.dj, This thorny Broome rifeth up with a wooddy (hike or ftemme covered with a blackifb barke, fpreading fun- dry (lender blackifh branches, and they againedivided into fmaller likerufhes,all ending in (harpe thornes, be¬ tides oivers others, fet here and there at the joynts of che branches, Jwhere alfo come forth fine fmall hoary leaves ft together the flowers are fmall and yellow lucceeded by fmall long pods and fmall feede in them. 4. Spartum fpinofum aliud Creticum. Another pliant thorny Broome of Candy, I have joyned the figure hereof with the foregoing plant, and chatitlhould not palfe undefnbed, but take ic brie fly thus :It groweth very tail & high,bulheth and Drancheth forth very much,the lit nder flexible greene bran¬ ches are fprinkled with (mall white fpots,having three fmall leaves at a j oynt, with yellow flowers and (mall pods afterwards: each branch and twigge ending in a long thorne at the laft. 5. Erinacea HiipanicaCtujij. Clujiu his Spanijb Hedgehog Thorne. This no leffe rare then dainde bufh groweth to be fcarfe a footc high fpreading many Halites and branches one interlaced among another, and all fee in a round forme or compalle repienilhed with a number of cruell (harps greene thornes: at the toppes of the branches ftand three or foure flowers alwayes together of the fame fafhiore with the former, but of a blewifh purple colour fet in tough and hairy hoary hu,kes, while it flowreth there ats i. Gtnitta Spartium JpinoJum minus. The leffer pliant thorny Broome. 3.4. Spartum Jpivofua CrettcumdisarmQtecierm, The swo thorny pliant Broomes of c«a ndj % Tkeatrum Botanicum, T r i b e 9. 5 . E rittacea H ijpanica ' lufij. Cbfiushu spanijb Hedgehog tliorne. 6. Echinopoda [ratex Creticut. The Hedgehog Thorne ot Candy, 7 . Efhinus Creticui. The fmall round Hcdgel* § Thorne of Candy. feme few fro ill [caves to bee fcene upon *c in fund y places,but they prickly witner and fall away, leaving tbebmh wfthout a kale thereon all thejyeareafter, which by the round forme of the branches with the thorne, flicking forth.doth repr/fent a Hedgehog fo fitly that the inhabitants thereupon have termed it trize, that is, ail Hedgehog, the roote fpreadeth many long filings and fibres on them under ground. ^ 6 Schmotooda frvtcx C.reticus» The Hedgehog Thorne of Candy. This other fmall Thornie bufn groweth up with ma¬ ny thornv grecne fpriggesand branches let clofe toge¬ ther,having alwayes three prickes or thornes growing together at every place,and is kldomefeene likewileto have any leaves thereon betake they fall away 10 quo k- ]y. (Alton* faith it never beareth any) the flowers hereof groweth at the toppes of the branches in great plentie (but Abinus denyerh tt and taith it beareth but very fewlare vdt nv but like the other in forme, ■ berof the Bees never doe talk. Handing in wh.tifh scene busker, a little hoary all over, and al ter wards fmall pods with very fmall feede Jn them; this is very tender to keepe, not enduring any cold place kmmet or V, inter. 7 Echinw Cret CfiS ‘ The fmall round Hedgehog ThO'ne of Candy. This Thorne (faith Alpine) doth better refemble a Tra^c.,ntha then the former Bduntftda as iff to would have if. for this round fomed thorne 1 not much bigger then a hand Vrchin or H edghog, fcar.t tiling above two or three fingers from the e.rth, ut Wading the Hacke branches, halfe way within the PVGUiid, ven thicke fer together, and (hootingout fmall routes at the j ,ynts as they fpread.ali whtchend in fmall where he faith Corrada and Scorpius are wholly compofed of thornes, bntnot that Scorpius lib. g.c. 14, vvholb roote he faith doth reprelent a Scorpion,and is good againfl the fling thereof, and which hee calleth Te'lephonen in the 19, Chapter of the fame ninth Booke, which doth moft properly decipher out the Doranicum whole rootes are very like unto Scorpions as I have fhewed before, (o that the word Scorpius is maaWos Poly femes dieho a word of many lignilications in Theophraftets,but Gaza doth molt unproperly make them both Nepa, there» by confounding this prickly Scorpius with the other: The firft is the Scorpius primus of Clufius, Scorpius a fr er anc j fecundus of Luedunenfrs mATabermontar.us, and genifta fpinofa of Dodoneus, Bauhinus calleth it Gcnifte fpinofa major lor.gioribns aculeie : the fecond is as I take it peculiar to ourowne Land, and not mentioned by my bef re Gerard , yet Bauhinus referreth it to the next: the third is the Nepa Theophrafi, of Libel, Gamer arias and Ta- iermontames, and Scorpius Theophrafli of Lujrdunenfis,'.Scorpius Jive Nepa of Anvuilara, and called by 'Bauhinus Geniftafpinofa major brevibus acuhis-. the fourth is the Geniftella of Tragus, Fuchfius, Dcdonsus, Lugdunexfis and Tabermtmtanus, Geuiflavel Geniftella fpinofa of Gefney in host is Geniftella acukataot Label fwlio thinketh it may baUo Flex Flinijlib.20.c.^. Tabermontamisind Lonicerus, calledby CafalpinusCoroneolse fimiliifujfrutex and by Bauhinus genifta fpinofa minor Gcrmanica : the fift is called by Bauhinus in his Tinax Genifta fpinofa minor Hi- ffanica vUloftjftma , but in his Trodremus Geniftella OHonfpeliacdfpinofa, and faith that fome of tMompelier called it Corruda lutea: the htt Bauhinus calleth geniftella minor tslfpalatoides vel Genifta fpinofa Anglica. faying it was lent out of £»%■land by the name of genifta sfinofa (which is probable was found in fome place of our Land unknowncrousastheplantitfelfeis, andfent him as a raritie, who faith the like thereunto was found about Orleauncc in France. The Italians call tile firft S corpione berba, the Dutch gufpeldoren, and wee in Fr.slifb Boric «Sorfc,andoffome Whinne,and thorny Broome.but that may be generally given to all thefe thorny bullies, and more particularly is appropriate to the fouttll fort, which the French call Goneftepierjuant, the germanes Stechend Pfrimmen ,and the Dutch Stechende Brem ,and we in Enelifh the ftnall prickly Broome. ■ . . The Virtues. The firft and third are held to be hot and dry, good to open obftruftions of the Liver and Spleene, fome have ufed the flowers of eyther inadecoffion againfl: the Iaundies^s alfo to provoke Vrine and to cienfethcKidneyes of gravell or ftones ingendred in them. The others no doubt are participant of the fame qualities. Chap; XXIII. Bhamnut. Buckes thorne. 8 SNderthe name of Rhantntts are comprehended divers forts of fhrubbes, fome much differing fiotn ^ other.- the elder age in Theophraftus his time acknowledged two forts, the one white, the other'blacks and both ever greene: Diofiorides in his time acknowledged three which havebeene controverted by ^ writers in thefe later times, wherein there are fome forts found out; feme of our later writers have caWcdant Rharnnusfolutivus, that is, purging Ramme, as a diftiruflion from the other that are not fo, whereof I have entreated in the fecond Claffis of this worke,and of the third Rharnnus of‘Dtofcerides (as the moft judici¬ ous doe account it j called Paliurus Chrifts thorne, I have entreated in my former booke : the reft that are re. ferred thereunto and called Rharnnus by other authors H all follow in this Chaprer, and beginne with that which is moft frequent in the Low Countries by the Sea fide as well as in the upland countries, and in cur owns Land by the Sea coalls in many places al(o. 1. Rharnnus primus DioJcorUis Lobelia five littnralis. Sea Buckes thorne with Willow-like leaves. This Buckes thorne fliooteth forth many and fundry pliant twiggie ftemmes branched into divers fmallcr bran¬ ches, whereon are fee many long and narrow leaves without order, covered as it were with a white dufl or powder as the ftalkes arcalfo, with divers fmall thornes Handing among them: at the j'oynts with the leaves from the middle upwards grow fundry lmall greenifh moffie flowers together, which tunic into round berries, greene at the firft, and ofa yellowifh redneffc when they areripe,. having a. juice or flefhie fubltance within the outer skinne, and aflattifh round griff ly kernell within,of a blackifhbrowne colour: the roote i> tough, long, and fpreading much under ground: this abideth with the leaves on the twigges all the winter long, and lo doth the fruit alfo. Bauhinue upon Matthiolus fetteth downs that this Rharnnus doth varie in fome places neare the- Rhyne, we.that the one fort that hath broader and longer leaves hath but one or twoberries fee together upona (lalke; but that fort that groweth by the Danose and the River Ljcus hath fhorter and narrower leaves, and hath divers berries fet together. 1. Rharnnus fecundus CStoxIfclienfiam five primus Clufij. White floored Buckes thorne. This Buckes thorne is a bufh fit to make hedges withall, rifing up with divers ftraight uprightifiems, divided into many branches, armed with very ftrong and fharpe thornes (landing out, from whence the fmall long and narrow thicke flefhy leaves come forth foure or five (landing together, almofl round acthe point fel- dome falling away before other have fprung forth: the floweislland at the fayd joynts with the leaves in hoary huskes three or foure together, being fomewhat long and round ending in five leaves, of a pure white colour where after they are fallen a certaine round thing groweth like unto that of the lafmine which ieldomc commeth to beare any fruite: the roote is thicke and long creeping farre away. 3. Rhamniprimi Clufij altera fpecies. Red flowred Buckes thorne. This other buckes thorne is like unto the laft inpioft things, onely growing not fo high, bulking with more R r r r branches Rrrr 3 Wallmit 1 be 'Ibeater of 'Plants c HAF IOOJ branches and fomewhac leffer leaves, thicker whiterand of a more faltifb rafte : the flowers hand in the lame manr tier but ate of a purpljfh red colour. 4. Rhamnus nigerTbcopbrafii. Blacke berried Buckes thorne. The blacke Buckes thorne groweth unto the bignetfeof a Blacke thorne bufli, having a blackifh barke covering the greateft armes and body, let with divers narrow and long thickc greene leaves together at the joynts like unto the other before, but of a more aflringent tafle like unto Ru- barbe, armed with long fharpe thornes, each branch en¬ ding alio in a long fharpe thorne: the flower is fmalland of a greeniib colour, comming forth in the fprirg of the ycare, and the fruit followeth in the Sommer which is ftnall and blacke like unto a Sloe and harfh alfo in tafle. 5. Rbamnns Bavarictis. The Bavarian Buckes thorne. 1 he Bavarian Buckes thorne groweth to the height f a man with a reddijfh barke, with many very fharpe long thornes, thicke let on the branches, and leaves rhereon of a pale greenecolour, lomcwhatbroad and long like unto the Ilex or evergreene Oake finely dented about the edges, and with fome I mailer and rounder leaves fet with them alio, each twigge ending in a thorne : what flowers or fruite this, beareth is not yet come to our knowledge, but for the likenefle of the growing, and being a thorny ever- living plant it hath .bcene accounted a [pedes of Rbamnns and fo called. 6 } Rbamnus Mjrtifolius ex Infula Sanfti C^riftophori Saint Cbrtftopbers Myrtle leafed Ramme, In the naturall places this growerh great and tall, but in Trance whether it was brought fearfe a cubit high, the barke being greene and fmooth, the leaves many fet to¬ gether on the ftalkes by couples, fomewhac like as the 5 - RhamtUii Bavaricut. The B war tan Buckes thorne. 6. Rb-mttiu MyrtifoliHS tx Fnfvla Saufti Cbrifiipberi. Buckes thornes with Myrtle-like leaves of Saint CbriftrobcTs Hand. 1 Theatrwn Tlotanicum, IGOS C«AP« 24 . Tr 1 B K 9 - Vy a il n ut tree leaves grow, bat each lcafe refembling thofe of the greateft Myrt le : at each knot on the branches where the leaves thoot (land one or two fmall fbort weake thornes on t ach fide: the fuither relation wee cannot o lv e i' u becaulc che plant petilhed through the imempetature ol the climate. . a The i lace. The firft as I fayd groweth not onely neare the Sea coafts in the low countries and in our Land alio, bnt in the uplands alfo of the higher and lower Germany alio by rivers fides,as Cerdas, Gefner, da fas and others have fet it downe : the lecond as Clnfius faith gro» eth in divers places ot S r mne,Pcrtugell, m A Narbor.c in France: the third he faith he onely found at the farther border of the kirgdome of Valencia in Spaine about the Citie Horiiela nearc the River Sac,ire. and in no place elfethe fourth he likewile faith he found plentifully among other fhrubbes in the wade grounds of the kingdome of Granada and Marcia. The Time, They flower in the Sommer,and the fruit is ripe in September. 7 he Nantes. There is great controvert among our moderne writers as I faid before concerning this P'cuit©- Rhamnns, as the Greekss and Latincs call it, every one almofl appropriating one thorny bulh or other thereunto, for Gamer arias and T>a{ ns judge the Grejjnlari* or Vancrifpa our Goofe berry bufh.tobethe Rhamni tertian genus of Diofcori- sles, nd call the Spina infebloria before fet forth in this worke to be Rhamni aliafpecies, notknouing any purging qualitic therein as others afterwards did, and thereupon called it Rhamnm Catbartictu or folutivus. CMatthsolus iecttth forth likewile a kind of prickly bufh forth sRhamnusfecnnctus Diofcoridii which Tena and AcG/miflike, giving another in the (lead thereof, which they fay commeth nearer to thedelcripcion of Dio/corides : and even the ancient authors thcmfelvcs are not conftanc nor free of variation herein : for as before faid Tdiofcorides hath three forts of Rhamnns ( whereof the third fort is much doubted ol by divers, fomc thinking the Text of 7 'it/co. des co be corrupt, and the third fort to be added or fupcrfiuousj Thecphrafias hath but two forts, white and blacke and mentioneth Faliarm as a peculiar p'ant by it felfe, faying alfo it is of many forts, and galen maketh mention butofonefort, asifthere were lut one or that the reft were comprehended under that one. F Imy maketh two forts, bnt he. without confiderationreferreth them to ihc Rabas or Bramble. The firft here fet forth is the Rham- ansfccundus Diofcoridis of OMatthiolus, T) odonttss ,Cluftsss ,Luedtsncnfis, as alio of Lacuna and Lonicerus, but Vena and Label in Adverfarijs make it the firft of TSiofcorides, Corctas upon TSioJcerides and in his hiftory alfo calleth ic Oleafler Germanicas, and in his Obfcrvtticnam jjha,Oleafth pecaliare genus : Cnmerarius in bone and in Epitome calleth it Rhamni fpecies, and Cafalpinus Rhamni alteram genus , Bellenius in his Obfetvations maketh mention of a Rhamnus baccis rtsbentibus which it is p;ohableis this. Columna taketh it to be Hippophac Diofcoridis, and Baa. binas calleth it Rhamnas Salicu folio anguflo fruSlu flavefeente ; the lecond is the Rhamnus primus Diofcoridis of A / lattbiolus,Anguilara,Lacuna, Loniccens, Clafias.Dodoneus.Lagdunenfis and Rauwo/fas ; Lobel calleth it Rham- mu alter T)infcondie Monfprliacus, Cordas upon TX.ofcondes and "Bauhinus call it Rhamnns candidaTheophraJli, as alfo Rhamnns fpints oblongis flore candicante, Rauwolfius faith that the Arabians call it Baofer, and they about Tripoli in Soria or Syria Hanfegi ; the third is Clnftuj his Rhammi primi altera ff cries : the fourth is his Rhamnns tertius,mA lo alfo it is of Dodonecm indTabermontanus, and of Lobel Rhamnm prims fpecieiiertius and is likely to be tire Rhamni genus baccis nipris in Gracia of Bellonius , Banhinns calleth it Rhamnns niger Theopl rajH ar.d Rhamnns tertius flore herbaceo baccis nigrit ■ the fift Lugdunenfis exhibiteth from a skilfull Hcrbarift as hec faith that brought it to“Z latcckampiw gathered in "Bavaria, and not knowing unto what plant roreferre it better called it Rhamnus Bavarian which name doth fo continue untill it can be better difpoledof: the lad lacobas Cornatus onely exhibiteth in his Canaderfiam planrarum bijlona. The Arabians call it as is aforefaid : the Italians Ramno and A faurnca the Spaniards Scambrones, the French Boargefpine in fome places, for that name is given to divers plants in fundry places : Anguilara faith that generally Dio/corides his full Rhamnw is taken to be that plant which at Rome is called Sptno far,to, and f others Spino de Chnfio, Marcellas in his booke de re mtdica calleth it Saluta¬ ry herba and fpina alba : Cor dm alfo witnefeth that Rhamnus is called by the Laiines Spina alba, but wifely advileth that this (hmb Spina alba be not confounded with the other two forts of Thiflles fo called alfo. Ovid alfo fpca- keth of it lib.ti.fajlorum fhewing the ule of it in his time to expell incantations in thefe verfes, S icf.itas.fpinam cjua triflespellerepoffet Aforibus noxas. bxcerit alba, dedit. And in another place not farre from the former he faith the fame of the fame plant, otherwife called Virga Ianalis in this manner; Virgacj-, lana’is defpina fumitur alba. Qua lumen thalamis,parvafeneflra dabat. The Vcrtaes. Thefe thorny plants are in qualitie one much like another, being as Galen faith cold in the end of the firft de¬ cree or in the beginning of the fecond and drying and digefting in the fecond, a d thereby helpcth inflammati¬ ons saint isfnthonies fire and other fretting and eating Cankers and is good againff pufhes,whcales,&c. inuling the young leaves whiles they are frefh. A dccoftion of the leaves and inner barkc thereof made in water where- ,i, ro a little allome is put is very good to walh the mouth when there is any inflammation or Vlcer or other di- 1 ate the'ein. (Clujhn faith that the Spaniard , dne eate the young (hoots of his firft Rhamnw as a Sallat herbe, S id that they ufe the decoftion of theBlacke beriies ofthis fourth fort,to bathe thofe places that are out of joynt, and to helpe the paincs of the Goute. Chap XXIIII. Lycium five Pyxacantha . Box thornc. VAjf^jT.though we are not certaine that any of thefe thorny fhrubs here fet forth in this Chapter is the true and ^ right Lycium of T>iolcorides agreeing thereunto in all things, yet becaufe all of them have fome corre- ; _ ■31 fpondence therewith in divers particulars, they have bee ne by the judicious finders out ol them e- ferred unto it as fhall be Chewed. 1 • d-jetum T R I B E 9. TlieTheaterof Tlants . C H A p. 24 . *009 \ . LjQium-vulgmm. The more common Box thorne. The m ore common Box thorne is a fhrubbe or low tree yet growing fometimes foure or five cubits high, with many branches fpreading therefrom,covered with a darke greene barke, fomewhat grayifh in the body and older boughes fet fomewhat thickc with fmallhard and almoft round leaves like Box, two for the molt partara joynt, from whence alfo thrufleth forth a fmall fharpe thorne: the flowers grow many together in a clutter at the ieve- rall joynts upwards of a greenifh colour, after which come fmall berries,greene at the firft and blacke when they are ripe, of the bignefle of Privet berries but full of a bitter unpleafant fappe: the roots fpeadeth diveifly. ‘ 1. Ljcmmltalicum. Italian B'ox thorne. _ The Italian Box thorne is a fmaller and lower flirubbe, whofe older barke is rugged and of a darke colour,but the younger have it thinne fmooth and greenifh, the bnnehes ending in a thorne,whereupon are fet Imall leaves dented about the edges ver like unto thofc of the Sloe bufh,and of a darke greene colour, harfli in tafte and tomc- what bitter withall : at the joynts witbthc leaves come forth a few flowers of a whitifh greene colour, made of foure leaves a peece, after which follow imall greene btrries and blacke when they are ripe, with two and l'ome- times with three leaves as it were on the befrie : the roote is wooddy and fpreadeth. 3. Lycium Hifpamcumfc Ho Btixi. Spanifli Box thorne with fmall round leaves. The Spanijb Box thorne hath divers (lender but yet upright (femmes about two footehigh, covered with areddifhbarke parting into many branches every one not onely ending in a thorne, but having divers thornes fet alio here and there upon them, many times but weake and Ihort, and at other fharpe and flrong with many leaves growing on them, fomewhat like unto the fmall Box Myrtle leaves being of a clammy acide tafte, fome= what biting, ney ther flower nor fruit hath beene obferved hereof. 4. Lycium Hifpanicum folio oblongo, Spattifb Boxthorne with longer leaves. This other Spani/b Box thorne rifeth up but with one ftemme, parted intofundry branches whereon grow long and narrow leaves fet without order. S■ Lyciumlat,folium Monfpeliacum, Broad leafed Box thorne of Mompelier, This crudl thorny bufh growefh and fpreadeth like an hedge bufh, fet thicke with fharpe long thornes, and divers leaves fomewhat broad with them, whereat likewife come forth fmall flowers which turne into fmall berries, blacke when they are ripe, three for the mod part [landing together,having a reddifh yellow juice with¬ in them, giving that colour on paper, leather,&c. and with three feedes in them, and of a quicke fharpe tafle. 6 . LyciumGallicum Avenionenfe, The yellow graine of Avignon. This thorny fhrubbe gtoweth to the height of three or foure cubits, whole lower barke is of a grayifh afheo- Iour, fpreading divers branches ending in thornes, let at the joynts with many fmall leaves very like both for colour and thicknefle unto the fmall Box but fomewhat narrower and longer, whereat alfo come forth fmall flowers and after them fmall berries upon (hort footllalkes fome being three fquare and others foure fquare ac¬ cording to the number of graines within them, at whofe head is fet a fmall cup or cover, and isofan alfringenc take, fomewhat bitter, which being dryed are much ufed sf Diets and others to give a yellow colour. 1 . Lycium vulgatiut. The more common Box thorne. 2. Lycium TtalUum. ttalliwji ox thorne. 2(1 ■ 'jit I 7 - LyciumCrtticum^rimum The firft Box thornc of Can 7- Belli. 8. Ljeium Cntlcum alterum i Xhc ocher Box chorne of Candy, IRIBR9 Tbeatrum Botanicum . Chap/M* 1010 6. Ljcrum GaMtcum Avenionenfe The yellow graineof Avignon. 4 . Ljcium Htjpanicum folio oblongo. SpjniJh Box thorne with longer leave*. Tribe fh tree., having fine (mail leaves thereon like nnto Heath or Tamaribke( whereas Diojcond.es faith thathis Lycium is a (hrirtb with leaves like B x, full ofthornes and al> tvayes abiding greenej it bearethflowers but no fruit as the inhabitants reported uuto him : the rooteoftl etree is irrme heavy and rtrong.neythtr lubj'eft torottenneffe expofed to the weather, nor fwimming in the water, and thereupon called by ibtm Lignmafempervivum Evcrgreene wood. 1, AgiahnUdncEgjftinca. Lycioaflinit. The Fgyftim tree like unto Lycium. This tree groweth to the height of a wildePearc tree, having but few armes or branches crooking many wayes in the growing, f t with many long and very fharpe thornes and fmall Box-like leaves with them but fomewhat broader, feldome but one andufually two at a joynt, the flowers are fmall and white like Oriental! Jacinths but letter, where afterwa dsftand final blacke round berries both bitter and allringent: the leaves alio are lomewhat lower and allringent. T he Place. The firfl groweth on the A Ipes rl Liguria and in Dalmatia as Lugdutmfu faith : the fecordon Mount Halchu and in divers places ot Italy the third Chtfim faith he found r eare unto Cemptutum in Sfaint by the R ivers odes: the fourth Lobtl faith was brought from Spaine: the lilt as laith groweth not farre from OMoinpe/,er neare til River Lanin : the (ixt as is fayd about Avignon and Carper.toraBe in France : the leventh and eight iii-Cmdy as Uomriut Belhu fetteth it downe in his fitll Epillle to Clujitu : the ninth on Mourt Lybantu and other places in Syria : the tenth in Egypt by the ba ekes of that arme of Nilm that is called Cahg that rurredi into the Sea : the eleventh groweth as Garcias faith in many places in the Indies where it is of great ufe: the laft A/pinm faith hee faw in the garden of a Turks in Cayro which was brought out ot Ethiopia. The Time, Their times of flowring and fructifying are according ro the countries where they grow, feme earlier and others later. The Name St The G- eeke name Ljc'.um (and mgayfyd* Pyxacantha ) is impofed on the dry ed juice as well as on the bu'fh, fo called as it i thought became it was brought out of Ljcia and Cappadocia, and was of much ufe in former times but not of la er dayes, becaufe what was brought was well knowne and perceived to bee counterfeit, be¬ ing made of the! erries of Privet or of the Honyfuckle or Doggeberry frulte or of the mall together, and had none of the notes of the true Lycium which are thcle; it isblackifh on the outfide of the whole cakes orpeeces, but being broken of a browniili yellow colour within, and quickly growingblacke a aine having no virulent lent, but ofa bitter tafte allringent withall: the Indiankmdt which is the bell will have a Safi, on like colom, and this efpeaall note the t. ur and bed will have, that being put into the fire it u ill bu* ne and flame, and being quenched it will give aredd’fh (feuminc fay fome and others a redd \(bt) fume or fmoakt : but that fophifticate or adulte¬ rate Lycium which of late dayes baih beene ufed hath none ofthele true propenie: in it: and Diefcondes and C/a- len doe both fhew that there wanted not impoftoris in their time,to cour.teifeit the true .and w ould mi xcAmurca 9 that is, the Grounds or Lees of oyle with it romake itburne,and witbthe juice of W or me wood or the Gail of an Oxe to make it bitrer, and a- Galen laith they did lo cunningly counterfeit it that it w as hard to know the fall from the tiue. The firfl as the mod frequent is thought by divers and Lugdunenfis dandeth mainely for it to be the righto notwithdanding that An gullar a faith it is not the right Lycium although it be fo taken by divers. Matthiolw & Tabermontanm call it Ljcium,& Lugdunenfis,.Ljcium AlpinumfDodi>nau< ,and Lonicer m Tyxacantha, Label in Adz-erfariys fetteth forth a Lycium five Pyxacantha Narbonerfiu, which it may be is this, Bauhinw calleth it Lycium B nx if olio : the lecond ATatthiolw, Lugdunenfis and Tabermontanw call Ljcium halicum . Pona fhewtth in his defeription of M»ns Baldm that it is the fame that C ufiu* cal cih Spina infeftoria pumiL alter rf,and Bauhinw Ljciuih f-cie Pruni lylvefirufive It-.d.cum : the third Clupus calleth Ljcium ejuorundum^ and laith the Spaniards where it grew call it T'amujos and Tamurxos , and thereof make Broomes and heate their Ovens and Kills &c. but Lugdunenfis is much mdtaken in thinking this of Clufiw to be the fame that Lobc/\w his ppendix to his Gb- iervations calleth Lyuim H/fpamcum, which is my fourth fort here,and hath longer & narrower leaves then that of Chfjj.ui which hath rounder leaves more like Box and Bauhinw obferving well the differences calleth the one Ljcium H if panic um folk bitxi , and the other Ljcium Hifpanicxmfolio oblongo: the fift Lobel in Adverfariys calleth P a- hums alter psregrimw , sut hath m'ftaken the figure thereof in his leones , putting the figure of Pyracantha (that is of Oyacanthi Diojcoridis which as he laith hath an ever greene leafe,and is nottheBarba- y as divers do miftakeir) for it,which he fetteth downe in his Adverfaria,buz in his leones the laid figure of Pyracantha is put under both the tide of Paliuru* alter peregrinw and of Rhamnw tertiw r Diofcnridis alio, Bauhinw not takii g ir ro be any fpccies of Pal unu cal eth it Ljcium lat folium : thelixt Lugdunenfir faith Dalechampw tcoke to be a Lycium het there¬ fore cal it th it Ljcium Dalechampij and withall laith tharlome called it Tinttorium granum, that is in French Crair.e a teindre and others call it Grawejaulne and lotne Cjrainc d’ Avignon • BauhWns calleth ir Ljcium Gj alii cum and may be called Granum Avenioncnfe: the leventh Honor w Bellw ot f^andy faith if is there called Tout- zda of the inh b itanr-, but he himfelfe calleth it Ljcium Creticum, yet faith alio becaufe it is not the right Lycium , it may be called Berberis ellpina ant montana, for Silueriw 7 odefchtxus reported unto him that he found the very fame very frequent on Moant Lybww in Syria, Pona followeth BeHus in his Italian Baldw , and calleth it by the famenames, 'Bauhinui referreth it rather to the • arbery, making it another fpccies thereof andnotof Lycium : the eighth as BeHus laith is alio another lort of Ljcium, and called by the Candiots K&Cnyiei Lazegiri, and mr&a- pvyJkia. PctroamygdaU hoc eft petra* amygdala, but yet bath no refemblance to our Almond tree : the ninth is called cfClufiw Lycium legitimum Raurrolftf and l>y Ranveolftus himfelfe Frutexfpinofw peregrines AralibvA Had- hadh,inco\ii Zaroa. Bauhintu Ljcium Indicum folijs prunt: the tenth is by Prof per A lpm ft* called Lycium Indicum creditum, and laith it is called Vfeg by the Egyptians : Bauhinus calleth it Ljcium ludictim alterum : the eleventh is called by Garcias (fatefive Ljcium, and faith the true is called Hattjch,vjhkh thereupon I have intituled Ljcium Jr.dicum putatum Garcia, and by Bauhinus Lycium folijs Eric£ : the laft Alpinw faith is called by the Egyptians t/Tgiahalid and may not unfitly be accounted a LjclumfBauhinus thereupon calleth it Ljcio affinis t/Egyptiaca. Tri B E The Theater of T/ants. Chap,25. lOij TheVertues. The ccmdenfate juice of Lycium is that that onely is to bee ufed,ofall the parts of thecree, which was made as Diojcorides fheweth of the leaves and berries, bat Pliny faith of the roote and branches, which being deeped three dayes in water was afterwards boyled and drayned, & then evoporated untill it came to the thicknes of ho- ny.and fo to be kept as a liquid medicine as Cmlen feemeth to intimate, orellc dryed up to the thicknefle of Opium and made up in that manner into Cakes, which as is fayd were to be broken to know the goodneffe: the feumme faith Diofcoridts taken away in the boyling is put with other medicines that (erve for the eyes, the red is put to other ules, yet the LjriKiw it felfe is alfo fet downe by him,to be effeftuall to ta e away thedimneffe and dimes that hinder the fight. It daycth Fluxes of all forts both of the belly and humours, as the Laske and Bloody flux, the abundance ofWomenscourfes,and the whites, bleedings at the mouth or nofe and fpitting of blood ; it is effeftuall alfo for allfowle and creeping Cankers,Vlcers and fores,whetherinthe mouth throat or other parts of the body, as alfo for the loofeneffe of the gummes, chappes in thelippes or clefts in the fundament, and at the rootes ofthe nayles of the hands: butefpecially for all fores in the privie parts of man or woman: itisgoodfor the cough being taken with water, as alfo againd the bitings of a mad Dogge : being put into the cares that runne and matter.it helpeth them: it is good alfo againd the itch andfeabbes' and to clenfe the skinne: it colou- reth the haire yellow,and giveth a yellow dye not onely to Leather and skinnes, but ferveth Dyers allband Painters in their workes. 1 . RitDui vulgaris mtjer. The Bramble or Blacke bufh. Ghaf. XXV. 'Rfb xr. The Bramble.’ §F the Brambles there are are divers forts, fome having thornes or prickles upon them, others few or \ none, fome growing higher and lower then others, fomealfo carefully nurfed up in Gardens which : are the Rafpics berries of divers forts, whereofl have in my former Booke given you the know- I ledge fufficiently and (hall not be here againe deferibed. 1, Rubw vulgarU major . The common Bramble Blacke berry bufh. The common Bramble or Blacke berry bufh is fo well kno wne that it needeth no defeription, eyerv one that hath feene it being able 11 fay that it (hooteth forth many very long ribbed or draked branches,which althought great part thereof dandeth upright, yetby rcafon ofthe length and weakeneffe they bend againe downe to the ground, there many times taking roote againe,all ofthem thickc let with fhort and crooked thornes, and leaves like wife at feverall places up. on long prickly footedalkes, three and fometimes five fet toge- _ _ ^ ther, hard and as it were crumpled with fmall prickesonrhe middle under rib,of a darkegreene colour and grayifh under- wwecMS * 1 * 3 neath.which feldomo fall away allthe winter.untill all the fharpe " frodsbe pad (whereby the countrey men doe obferve that the 1 extremity of Winter is pad when they fall off,) and that new leaves fhortly after beginne to (hoot forth againe: the flowers are many fet together at the ends of the branches, which confifl of five whitifh leaves likethofe of thewilde Bryer bufh, and fometimes dafht with a little Carnation, with fmall threads in 1 the middle, after which come the fruit every one by it felfe, f but confiding of many graines or Berries as it were fet together | in a round head like a Mulberry,greene at the fird, reddifh after- \ wards, and blacke and fwcete when they are ripe, which elfe are harfh and unpleafant : the roote gtoweth great and® knottie. 1 . Rttbw minor Cbamerubui five Mumirubtu. The fmall low or ground Bramble. The branches hereof are very (lender, akvayes lying and tray-'ij ling upon the ground.never rayfing it felfe up as the former doth, < andoftenrootcthasitcreepeth, fet with crooked thornes, but much fmallei then the other &wirhthelike leaves and flowe: of a pale Rofe colour, and berries but fmaller, and of a blewifh' blacke colour when they aretipe like unto a Damfon. and a, fweete as the other Blaccke berry almod, but with Idler fappe. or juice in then : the roote here of creepeth about, and fromther, knotty j’oynts fend forth new branches. Of this kinde there is (j| another fort. 3. Rubw montanw odor at w . Sweet mountaine Bramble or Rafpis. This mountaine Bramble or Rafpis (for to eyther it may bee ■ referred) hath fundry long dalkes riling from the roote without any thornes on them.but fet thicke with (oft haires,from whence (hoot forth the broad and large leaves without order, let upon long hairy footedalkes divided into five parts almod to the middle rib; e, and (omecimesbut into three or more.each a little dented about the edges of a very fweet lent but falling awa in wintertthe flowers are iomewhat large like the Eglantine of a delayed purplilh violet colour, with divers yellow threads in she middle fUnding T r i b e p. TheTheaterof Plants, C h a p.2^ ioi ftandino at the coppes of the branches, after which come the fruit very like unto Bramble berries but reddifh as ~ Kafpis but not fo well rellifhed; the roote fpreadeth much about under ground. 4- Rubm tricoccos. The Deaw berry or VVinberry. The Oeaw berry hath (lender weakc branches like the lalt more often lying downe then being raifed up with fewer prickes and thornes thereon then in the laft, the leaves likewife are ulually but three fet to rether.more fe- parate on the branches, yet almoft as large as it and nearer fet together on long footft alkes: the flowers are white and (mall, the berries ufuaily confifting but of three fmall berries or graines fee together in one, yet many times fonre or five leffe fappicbut not Idle fweeteor blew then the other: the roote hereof creepcth under ground more then the laft. b S. RubmfaxatiUs Alpintu . Theftony Brambleor Roeke Rafpis. This fmall low plant which by Clujius is more fitly referred to the Rafpis then the Bramble hath divers (lender reddifh twiggy hairy branches little more then a footehigh, without anythorneat all on them, fet here and there with rongh leaves upon footftalkes three alwayes joyned together and dented about the edges of a very har(h and binding tafte : the flowers ft and at the toppes of the branches three or foure together confiding of fottre and home of five leaves a peece, of a pale or whitifh Rofe colour which afterwards turne into fmall fruit,compo- fed of three foure or five graines or berries let together greater then eythcr in the Rafpis or Bramble of a reddifta colour vyhen they are ripe, almoft tranlparent, full ofa mod pltafant fweeteand acid juice gratefull to tile palate, having in each of them a white rough kernell or ftone: the roote crcepeth all about and (hooteth forth iundry branches from the j'oynts as they creepe. ' 6 . Chamamortts Anglic*. Our Knotberry. The Knotberry rifeth up with (lender browniflifhfksnota foot high.let with foure or five large leaves one above another at leverall winged j'oynts, each of them divided into five parts.. and each of their, lomewhit deepcly jagged and dented alfo round about the edges, rough and as it were crumpled each upona long footftalke, which ac the j'oynts have two (mall peeces like eares f, t thereat; each ftalke being furniftftd at the top with one flower madeol five round pointed leaves of adatke purple colour, after which fulloweth a large erry like unto a Mul¬ berry of divers graines fet together, of a reddifh colour when it is ripe and of a fowrifii fweet tafte, the roote creepeth much and farre (hooting forth fmall fibres at the knotty j'oynts whereby it is faftned in the ground and from thence divers new (hoots for (bailees. 7, Chamamortts Cambro-Tritanica jive Lattcaftrenfe Vaccinium nubis. 1 he Welfti Knotberry or Lancajbire Cloud berry. This fmall and low Bramble that fcarfe appeared! above thr ground mofl’c among which and the blac ke berried Heath,&c. it growethhath fmall creeping rootes running under ground, and (hooting forth here and there faire large leaves almoft round a little divided as it were into five parts, and a little unevenly dented about the edges, being lomewhat rough and full ofveines of a darke greene colour on the upper fide and paler underneath, asal» fo fome (lender ftalkes with two or three the like but leffer leaves on them, and at the toppe a purplifli fmall Role-like flower which changethinto a Rafpis-like fruit, in fomefmaller in others greater confiding of futidry berries fet together, fometimes more and fometimes leffer, of a pale reddifh Orenge colour tafting reafonabls well,although not fo good as a Ralpii, __ 8. Chamamortts TJorwcgica. The Knotberry of Norway. This Knotberry of Norway is very like unto our firft Knotberry, having many (lender brownifh twigges ri" fing not much above a foote high, whereon are fet divers broad leaves upon long footftalkes more round then the firft and parted into three or more (hort divifions,each fnipped or dented about the tdges.and bavin" : . great ribs on the underfidc with divers lmall veines from them to the edges: from the toppes ot the ftalkes rile divers flow- ers, each upon a long footftalke compofed of five white leaves for the molb part, with divers white threads tipt with yellow in the middle: after which follow the fruite, of the bigjielfe of a Strawberry, fome reddifh and others more pale, of a loft pulpy fubftanre fnmewhat clammy, yet not unpleafant with (mall kernells therein. 9. Chamamortts Norxegicaaltera. Another Norway berry. The likenelfe of the leaves of this fmall bufh unto the laft which aic very like untothofeof the Riles or red Currant hath cauled the name to be j'oyned thereunto,the ftalkes ate ofa like fhortnefhyif a blackifti colour whofe leaves are broad, and cut in fomewhat more deepely into fundry parts, the berries (band at the toppes of the ftalkes many cluttering together as it were in a tuft every 011c upon a fhort ftalke, red when they are ripe and fomewhat tart in tafte. * The Place. . The firft is frequent every where: thefecond groweth fometimes by woods and hedge fides and fotnetimes m the middle of fields in many places in this Kingdome, the rhird groweth on the hills and higher grounds :the fourth is well knowne in the North parts of this land,as CkeJhirc,LancaJhire Torbejbire-.the fifr in Ibuny and roc¬ ky places, both in the lie of Thanct and other places of Kent, as alfo in Huntington and Northumptonjbire : the fixe groweth on the high bills in Lancafhire and Torkejhire, the one called lngleborottgb the other Pcndte the twohi- h- tft hills in England-.the ftventh was firft made knowne unto us by Thomat Haiket apainefull Chirurgion and Sim- plift of Lancafhire,who gave us a rude draught thereof, but Doftor Lobel going both into ff'.iles and the Shires neare thereunto found it there growing, and on InglcbcroughhiW in Lancafhire , as Mr. Tlradfhmgk a Gentleman of the Countrydid likewife and fent it up to us, where the people call the fruit cloud berry, becaulethe bill feemeth as it were continually covered with clouds: and the two laft are declared oy their titles to grow naturallv In Norway. The time. s 1 All theft flower about Inly and their berries are ripe in the end of Augufi or beginning of September. The Names. The Bramble is called in Cxct\t.t!io.-nt Battu, the Latines call it Rubm and Sentit. Theophraflwhnh three forts Catos Rubm, Chamabatos Humi/it rubies, or Humirubtts and Cynofbatot Rubtu caninw or Canis rubttt. PUxy hath three alfo but in a different manner : the two firft forts of Theopbafitet are generally knowne of all but of the third there is fome controverfie, for Tragus maketh the Sp na appendix or Oxyacanthus our white thorneor Haw- theme to bee Cywfbatos, and fodoth Dodonaus alfo, Cordm, Lacuna, CMtrcatw and othersthinke the Rofa c unin a 1^4 1016 Chap/26. Tkeatrum ‘Botanicum. Tribe^ Cantina or Sjlveftris to bee i as I thinke being the author of that opinion,l.i 4 c.ij.where'.he faith there is another kinds of R«bns whereon a Rofe groweth ca led Cy nos hat ° s b y T>‘ojeondes growing in hedges with other Brambles-againe Pliny A£.i 6 .cap. j 7. faith thus, RttbiMorafernnt&in alioginere fimitttdmcm Rof* qua vocatur Gpnotbatos, D but in lib.15.cap. 2. hee deferibeth Cynobatos to have a leafe like unto a mans footeftep, bearing a blacke fruit or Grape, in whofe kemell there is a nerve or ftnew whereof it was called Nmroftmtlos ; but Mat. thiolw comradidleth them and fheweth that Pimp in letting downethe wtlde Rofes calleth one by a peculiar name Cjnorhodos Rofa Cantna and not Cynofbatos C amirubm, and the deicription of 'Vtofrorides ( faith he) Ihew- eth he meant no fort of Rofe for elfe it had beene cafie for him to have (aid Cynojlbatos is like a wtlde Role, but he compareth the leaves to Myrtle leaves, and the fruit to be like Olive (tones wherein iyethdowne hurtfull to the windpipe by flicking thereto if it fhould be drunke, but (peaketh of no leeds or kernells to lye in that Downe but faith the fruit beingdryed and drunke in wine doth bind the belly. Theophraflu1 lib.^.cap. 1 g. faith fyno/bator beared! a reddifh fruit like unto a Potnegarne-, and a leafe not unlike to Agtmt cafltu : Serapio lpeaketh of Cjnojba- tos Crnimu Rabat among the other (otts of Brambles, whereby it is platne as he faith that Cynorhodon, the wilde or doH°c Role doth much differ from Cynofbatos the dogge Bramble, and yet Lugdur.er.fts in comrarying Mat- thiol,.s bis reafons firivethby finding fault with the text both ot Dtofiondes and 7 htophr.fhts and amending them as he thinketh fit, to reconcile them and makethe fyw/te'o to be the wilde or Sweet Bryer but very unhand- f >mly in my opinion. There is little variation of names among writers concerning the two firlt, but of the third and fourth J doe not finde that any hath written being bufhes more peculiar to this Land then others: the fife Ctejius calleth Rabat faxatiliifive petraut five Alpinm Cjefner in limit calleth XtRubus Alpittm humi/is, Thalius Rabat minimus and Eauhintu ChamarubtufaxatHU : the fixt and the two laft are mentioned by Clttfim by the names of Chamamorm Arnica, Norwegicaaltera as they a' e in their titles: the feventh hath a name or title gi¬ ven it: as is ficteft to exprefic ir, and to put all out of doubt concerning Gerards Cloud berry as hee hath exprefled it from the rude draught of Matter Ho, kits doing as it is vei y likely, but the more exatft figure is here exhibited. Th; Arabians call the Bramble Huleich and Halve'bo, the Italians Rovo, the Spaniards, (farea (farfa) the French R "nee, the Germans Brombeer Bremen and Bremen Hraemen alio, and vvee in Englifb bramble or Blacke-berry bufh -.'the fruit or berries are called in Greeke ■? tj a as Galen faith which Lome have made Vatina in Larine, Me. ra mb’, but in the Apothecaries flioppes Mora bati, a.d of fame Mora buffi, the berries of the Mulberry tree being called by them c ‘Morafelfi. The Vertues . Galen lib .6. fimpl.rned. faith that the buddes , leaves flowers, fruit and roote of the Bramble are all of a great binding quality but yet f'omewhat in a differing manner, for the buddes, leaves and branches while they are frefh and greene have a cold earthly quality j'oyned with a warme watery fubftance, but little binding,and there¬ fore they are then of good ufe in the Vlcers and puttide fores of the mouth and throate, and for the Quinfic, and like wife to hcale other frefh wounds and fores but the fruit when it is ripebecaufe it is fweet hath a temperate warming juice therein, whereby and by thatfmall aftrtdfion is in it it is not unpleafanttobeeaten, hut being not yet ripe it is of an exceeding cold and earthly fubflance, fower and very affringent, and being kept doe more ftrongly bind then when they are frefh : theflowers are of the fame proptrtie that the unripe fruit is of, both of them are very profitable for the Blooddy flux. Laskes and the weakenefle of the parts comming thereby, and is alfo a fit remedy againfl the fpitting ofblood : the roote alfo befide the binding quality therein hath a thinne el- fencc whereby it is available, eyther the decaff ion or the powder taken to breake and drive forth graved and the Stone in the Reynes and Kidneyes •• the leaves of Brambles as well greenc as dry are excellent good for lo¬ tions, for the fores in the mouth and lecrec parts : the decoftion of them and of the branches when they are dryed doebinde the belly much more, and is good for women when their conries come downe too abundantly : the berries faith Pliny or the flowers are a powerfull remedy againfl the mofl violent poyfon of the Pieflcr or Dipfas ('which are mod violent Serpents) the ‘scorpion and other venemous Serpents, aswclldiunke as outwardly ap¬ plied, and helpethalbtheloresofthe fundament, and thepainefull and bleeding Piles: thr j'luceof the berries hereof mixed with that of Mulberries maketh the medicine moreeffefluall to bind and to helpe fretting or eating foresail 1 Vlcers wh.refoever, and is good for the fiomacke, the feres in the mouth with the Icofenefie of the gummes and teeth ; the fame being taken alone or mixed with fome Hipacidis and Hony laith Pimp is a remedy for choller when it gnaweth the flomacke which fome call hartburning , and is good alfo againd the paffions of the heart and fain ings: the diftilled water of the brarches leavesand flow rs, or of the fruit is as fueetcasthat of Violets, andis very efleftuall befides the facilitie and pleafantrefle in taking, in all hot fevers or diftempera- tnresof heatcin the body, the head,eyes, and other parts,and for all thepurpoles aforefaid: the leaves of Bram¬ bles boyled in lye and the head wafhed therewith doth heale th, itch, the mattering and running fores thereof, and maketh the haire blacke :the powder of the leaves flrewed on canorous and running Vlcers doth wondcr- . derfully helpe to heale them. Some ufe to condenfate the juice of the leaves and fome the j'uice of the berries tokeepe for theirule all the yeare for the purpotes aforefaid : the other forts are very neare inqualitie unto it and therefore worke the fame effefts no doubt but the NonrayKnotberty is much commended againfl the Scor- bute or Siurvey, and other crude putrid and me lancholy dileafes wherewith thole Northerly people are much affliflcd, w'ni h C Input out of Uterus Epifllc dcclarethat large, and the manner of the cure of a number infeded there with as well in Winter asinSommer,whereuntoIre(er them that would nnderlland it mote fully. Chap. XXVI. R of a fylveflres. Wilde Rofes or Bryer bu fhes: Aving given you the knowledge of all or mod of the manured Rofes in my former Booke and with them fome of the wilder kindes alio as the Sweet biyer or Eglantine, the evergreene Rofe which is very like thereunto,and the great Apple Rofe which ftiall not be further related here, 1 am to floe w you all the reft in this Chapter, Tribe 9. The Theater of Tlants. CHAP,a6„ iIOI7_ RefaDamaften*-, The Damasked I. Rofa fylve/lrts inodura five Canina, The ordinary wilde Bry«r bufti. 1. Roftfjheftrisinodorafive C, The Theater of 'Plants. c hap .0.6, berries as are in other Rofes, but are blacke when they are ripe and not redTwith white feedes lyin°bTfl"od^T oNowrie as others doe. ' s 6 . Ro/afylfejlrds AafflridiiaprepbemceH. The VermillionRofe of Auftrie ' The younger branches ofthis Rofe are (lender and reddifh, the elder brownifh gray, fet with divers chorees but not very thickc great or fharpe: the leaves are fomewhat larger then thofe of. the (ingle yellow Rofe el ft not much unlike : the flowers are Angle andas large as of that yellow Rofe whereof I take it to bee a fbecils but differing in colour for this is of an excellent Orenge tawny colour,with an eye of Vermillion caft oyet lc and of a paler yellow on the outftde,afcer which luccecdc the fraite. 7 - Pfflapumila rubra Auftnaca. The Angle dwarfe red Rofe of Austria. This dwarfe Role groweth hot mnch above halfe a yard high, with (lender greene ftemmes, fet with few or no thomes below, but furnilhed up higher with many, having wbitifli greene leaves upon them like the ordina¬ ry red Rofe and grayifh underneath five or fev^n fet together uponaftalke : atthe toppes of the branches come forth very great bearded brakes, wherein ftand large flowers made of five leaves a pcece, fomewhat Iw cct red a: the firft hue decaying with handing, growing much more pale before they fall away, with yellow threads in the middle, after which come the fruit which are red as the others but greater then any of thofe before declared' formed iomewhat more like unto a peare then others. ’ _.. . „ f PimpineUnfive Tomifera minor. The fmall Burnet Rofe or Pimpincll Rofe fd u°T ,7 ft S ab ? v 5 a foo « hi § b being of two forts,whereof the one hath but few them* on the ftalkes,and the other full of fmall thornes (both which are oftentimes found in one ground, but the tbnrnv more frequent) fet with long winged ftalkes■ of leaves, being many fmall round greeniih leaves fet one aeainft another upon the ftalke finely dented about the edges, feeming like unto a Burnet leafe fortheformeand^um- ber fet together-.the flowers are fingle fmall and white without any fent, afterwhich come fmall round heads but blacke when they are ripe full of feede as mother Rofes. s 9 . R°f* pumila campejiris alt a. The Dwarfe fingle white Rofe This is one of the fmalleft Rofes fcarfe riling a foote above ground, being fet with fmall thornes and le-wesao ?rn P °r n n fth u P lant: *e wildneffe of the kind, the flowers are white and fmall givine heads and feede like the reft: the roote creepeth about more then others. ^ ^ -re- TO r rR Pp , f«"T l ‘xpumilafineJpina. The fingle Dwarfe Rofe without thornes. This Dwarfe Role alfo groweth very low, even almoft upon the ground with greene ftalkes without anv thorm thereon, fet with (mall winged leaves, fo fmall that they feeme foarfe to be leaves of a Rofe : the flower is fmall and of a pale reddifh colour and fingle, in fome places very fweete,and in others little or nothin" flowrin"' alfo m fome places both in the Spring and Autumnc. lynownng 7 'be place . The two firft grow in the hedges ofour Land every where almoft,yet the fecond not fo frequent as the fir ft • the third came from CHafiavy : the fourth from Virginia : the lift from Germany in fundry places : the fi x fand ft! venth from Gafina ■the eight is found in divers places ofour ownc Land both in barren heathy ground' and bv rZt uponPi/frr hUlAe^ °“ ™ ° f ^ “““ am °" § ,he *’* w ’ “ d the la « ™are ™t° ZyensZ The Time, RofiTdoe thefcR ° fes floWer earbcr 'hen others, for fome come in others not untill lane when other . > The Names, - „ pF v ^ fc '/r al ! ed m r ,rcekcRh ° ion 1«°dUr g am odors, effluvium emittat, from the great fweetneffe the-e- “ w/t.faith, 1in Latine E»/4 J Theophrajim and Pliny hive very diligently obferved the fevcralidiffcren- f , nd V3 T' C u ln thcir Tbeopbraftm ; n generall termes and in the number of the leaves, fome few fome r ny ^f thethf ,' rne V n tllc c ° ,our aild fent, and Plinj by fcverall names, yet not expreffing all their colours vbich divers amliors formerly have appropriated to thofe Rofes were extant with them : but if 1 (hall undertake tktaske to (hew their correlpondencieyvith ours herein,as I fball endcavourin declaring my opinion to (hew rl 1. hkeheft and agree with them in fome of them, fo I (hall (how free from errour I leave to others to feanne) ^nfrom^mmotliersiourhrftbccaufe 1 intend to make Pliny my author to comment upon I thinkeirfie to fet downe the text of Plmy m order as it lyeth U. a i .cap 4 . The Romans(faith he)have in greateft account the P enejhm and Campana, fome haveadded unto them the Milt fa which hath the reddeft colbur not evtedinea ozen leaves, next hereunto is the Trachynia not fo red, then the AUbandic* more vile or of leffe eftcemc with hit'fii leaves: ihetneaneft {vdiffmafedut alijlegsnt utilijjimx) with very many but very fmall, even the final. r^| leaves is Sp-neo/a, there is a kind thereofcalled Cent,felt*, anda little after he faith there is alfo one that wee i and . tbe Gracious Lychnis growing but in moift places never having above five leaves, of the bicneVe the Violet without any fent; another is called tyiecula ,with leaves as it were clofed or alwayes ready to o"cn topeneth not unlefle it be pulled open having the broadeft leaves: Another hatha Mallow-like (lemme^nd -aves like the Ohve tree, called Mofchcnton, among thefc is thatwhich beareth in Autumneof a middle fize ailed CoroneoU ; all are without fent favethe Conneola and that which groweth on a Bramble,Thus farre Phm vow let us fee how aptly other authors have fitted the Rofes of thefe times unto thofe of "Pliny, and firft for the r IS g 7 ne ^ y' aken ' obeourD::niaskcRofe > yet Lugdunenfis faith it fathered Rofe, among which isth eMilefia, which as hec and Corner anus fay the French call Rofe do Previns. The Campana is generaflv held ai,h>h g ^ Wll ' teROre - T^^-^g^nerallyheid robe the heft redRofe, the deepe colourthat fi/f cjn A h t *’ , b , e K s e tr !“ no “,“ kn °w it by, and IS called by many in Germany Roja fflna as C«mera r i w (aid, b/- -.ufe it keepeth both colour and fent beft when it is dryed, whereof ashee faith there is both fineleanddnihi some take °ur VeluetRofeto^ it; firft becaufe the colour is deepe ■eederh a dozen leaves. The Trachoma in our pale red Rofe which Luadunenfis . faith the Trench call Rofe Jr mse, but Cameras inhono faith it is a purple Rofe of a deepe or blackilh red colour^ with a pale viofe{ ofeu'r !xt Germans he faith call it Kolrefen, and differeth little from the CMilefia bur that it is grea- ■s he J y 10 de l PC 3 ( Cd C 1 ° Ur f Camer ‘ ,ri « ! alotteth unto it cannot agree unto Pliny his TracbynU which ■ he faith is minus rubens of a paler red colour, and therefore I thinke it is the worfer fort of our red Rofe, whole colour IOIQ 1020 ChAP.26. Tbeatrum Botanicwn. T r i b e 9. ^ __ ____ agree unto the filler white Rofe as I thinker p J ( hc AUh J^ is . xhc plicioot double Eglantine ? C ^Hermolam Barbara, thinketh itfcould be ra.her Spermoma, or as Ca- Sp“' ol ~ or “ °^ r J K h „/ e ir fhouldbe read Sycionia ,but Beahimte hath Sycibice is the Cinamomee,altera,the merarrn latch others did thmkei fi J d wbb tbem y encta ,& 0 f others f wewia/w.being an ear. double Cinamon Rofe,which d colour andofafwecte red colour in the middle and lweet of * Y if 1 ?- fU^u^p^i^^j^t^feofwhich'div'ers fince the knowledgeofthe great Holland Rofe have lent.The Cenufolnt faith P i 7 without fent: Camerariw and others take it to be the white Rofe refetredit thereunto, but in that it is 6 yd tobe wuhout lent^ ^ Creca ai the Latines, Gefner taketh.t to bee called alio of fli «7 USeola. The pc J others atfo doe as hce faith to be that red Rofe that the French the lingie Cinamon Ro.e; «g menf■■ ^ but j thinkethat Pliny did meane out (ingle red Rofe Camp,on cM&cfc dedam.u range,tU\ :is, / Cam ^ ariw taltb agt eethbeft to that fort of red Rofe which he calleth which is Lycbnte mdeede. lheG , , never fullv open, and is of fo red a colour that is fitted to make Rtibicundx and Rofa Saccharine, j^^creuponthe^^wawf r caU it Zrfcfer rofen, Lngdunenfls faith by Ccnfcrveand Sugar of Roles with 1, M ,hirhrhe French call Rofe; dr d.tmos incarnates and optnethmc many mens opinions it ls &°f*%Za a fincll like Cinamon, Baulimus taketh it to bee the Holofericea of the flowers unleffe they be pulled open,has mg ta keth it to bee the Alb a minor thus variable arc mens Lobd, yet calleth it himfelfc Roa not dofe butbloweth fully o pi nions, for the dofoi ^ldnever Jly 'open, yet it hath no fuch large open, and although the, c * Tbe O]{o f c he»,on fome take to bee the Muske Role becaufe the leaves as the great!* Pliny flrould ha . 1 ^ a Mallow and tbat c he name doch the neareft con- (lalkcs are greener then m other R-oe , ^ and therefore it is much doubted of by divers as Lngdn- curre therewith, but this hath not Olive i- , wbicb was no t knowue in Pliny his time, nzrfis faith,and taketh that the name comm ■, ufe riktb w ; t h man y ftemmes, or elfe from but hee rather thinketh it tooke the nan; aswrllhvflioocsas Vines are,as byrootes, fome as heelaith yey.otymdmalleolitpangatur, becaule it wasp an c ("yet Lnfdnnenfls underllandeth the Muske Rofe put it among the » and ot ■lersis & {ome ^ hcn tbc wcre m adeup with hony.ftill holding the there Stomachic* G~cSome in tte foam ^ ofo d wh ^ rof m of them there was none put in,but from the live- lame name s not taken from, the flow e s o ’ j: : ne was m ade Another errour in my opinion is generall lv colour of the ingredients wtereo the compound erne w« Qr „ J a ^ ay , thac are u f cd and needeth to be amended, which is ^ ‘ es ^ a ^ a c 0 n(erve : for it is well knowne that the nailes in the inlufion to make Syrupe with asm ‘ . S dbein „ put together mult needs of the R ales o( all forts a,e more Ae Svmpe made of Riles refiliie ungmtu, will abate of the purging qual.t.ein the veli of tbeRoIris otbudie iyr ^ manneris _ Thereisl ,kewifeano- bc more Rrong in working then that whic ftpotbeories that call that ball of threads Bedeguar that ther errour of long continuance among P f ^ Bede „ js a kinde of ThifUe as I have (hewed before: uroweth upon the Bryersofiboth lorts y * ■? lamentably knowne in this Land, the civill PI,nr calleth it oiLancaflerM Edmond of Lanyley Duke wart: s betweene the houfes of h b ^ ^ them and thdr followers, the other a white: but it rs fayd jf r ”*{ the «* ““king yya fccne ^ Lone lee, e a white Rofe tree to bcarc on the onefide faire white Rofes, that before this d ' v /'"'V 11 " noIUcatin p as it were both the divifion and uniting of both thefe families, which and on the other lidc red, prog h f . tbe m0 uth,lighted into the lappe of Liv,a Angnfia may be as true as l j! at b ^ e p 0 f[^ilfo^ncl^tieb«?y W w iAetwhen t^ebrood of that Hen failed. Tbe v. foretokening the 0 ’( R 0 f es here erprdled,according to our Moderne writers isasfollow- uous denominations of chele w his’Piw*among all his w'lTde Rofes, as though none of the wilde cfn. The M u ^nen^Zb remember it in fob »6. by the name of RoJ* Bryar Rofes had in them any Iweete lent, but j j rJHatthioltu , Anemlara, Gef. to* e T , d^kS’l'SSZFJiX-it. 1*2533 by no ”thor before .-the hft 1 tCl«fh* hu * T ciL P u L„enfis, which he deferibeth in fohoita j. for hee tower. Ban hint calleth it Rofa campejiri, ip.no/iffime flare alba odoro Label and Lugin- cZi" which BaM** calleth Rofepemileruben, , the eight is the Rofe fjh flr»Jo^eo^ « d ren/is called alfo Rol*TimpMla byd’vers, the ninth Ranhintu calleth it Rofe pom,fere minor (for the Romifere major I have let lortn in y Cardie T R I B E 9. 'TbeThcaterof TUnts. C^P. 2 6 . 1021 C “ rd ' M u P on Dufcorides mencioncth in the firft Booke and 24. Chapter, Crmfiato, and Cjnorrhodos, being his third fort, faying it is the lead and may be called Chamarloodos and is called by the Germanes Srdrofen 1 BathOsm callcth it Rofa campeflris refens alba: the left is taken by Lugduncnfie to bee Refi Gstca Jive Ljchnie Qracorum PUi .!• and ‘ fl ' be not t may fitly as he faith be called Cjmrrhodtn Une. Bauhinus .calleth it Rtf*, cmiefcis fptKte carens biflora, A Lefture of much moralitie might be read upon thojfsfe, the parts delivered by-minyaii- : hors both Grcckes and Latir.es all which to infert in this place is not my minde, onely 1 will recite a few oftna- by togive youacafteof the plepty and excellence. - Vt Rofa mane viget } tamen cr mox vefpere languit. Sic modo qtii fitmhtf ,cras levit umbra fumw. And a°aincj Vidi ego mane Rofam foils cum lumine Et vidi rurfum foie cadente mon. The mifcrably infatuated Turkes will not fuffer a Rote leafe to lye upon the ground, or any to tread on rberai in honour of cheir Mahomet,from tyhofc (wear they are perlwaded the Role fprang up; fomewhat like unto cue o d Pagans, who held the Rofe which formerly was white to become red from the blood of Venw, (ailing thereon ;' °' n ber foote nurt by a thorne.as fi.ee ran among the bullies,to helpe her Adonis ., philoflratus dedicate* the Role toCsspsd whomit.doth reprefent m every part. It is freih young anddelicate as Cupid, it is crowned wul, gold yellow haircs, tt bcareth thorncs as darts and leaves as wings, the Crimfon beauty of the flowers ashi : ’Ao* ry and dignicie, neither the Rofe nor Cupid keepeth any time, and befidcsthis he calleth the Rofe the light ofthe the faire bufhie toppe of the fpring.the fire of love, the lightning of the Land. Anar eon hi s Grce.'ce vet- fes lattncd by Stephanas are fufficiently knowne being thefe, Rofa bonos ,decusque fiorum ; Rofeit puer Cytharu. Rofa aura,amorejue veris: Caput implicat coronis Rofa cel dm e si volstptds, Chant urn chores fiequentans ' TheVertues. ' . B « au > e 1 have fpoken fo much of the manured Rofes in (hewing their denominations, Ithinkc it not inor 1 tment alfo before I entreate of the qualit.esof the wild forts, to It downe the properties and venues oldl, c Garden kinds fomewhat more amply then I have delivered them in my former book. Both the white and the 1 ed Rofes are cooling and drying, yet the white is taken to cxceede the red in both thofe properties, buc is ieldomo liftd inwardly in any medicine; the red as Galen faith hath a watery fubftance in it, and a warme' ioyned wirh' ° , T th ?, £ Is ’. ? ft ‘ : i n 8 c ' lt and a bltter •' thc flowers thereof (which wee call the feedes/but rather 5 '* 1 ‘°' v threads in the middle; doe binde more then the Rofe it felfe and more drying alfo. Mefues flJwich that the Rofe is cold m the hrft degree and dry in thefccond, compounded of divers parts or fubftances which yet may be feparated, namely a watery meane fubftance and an earthly drying, anayrie fubftance like wife fweec and aromaucall, and an hot alfo, whereof commeth the bitterneffe, the rednelfe, perfeftion and forme, and yet neflV 3 J.“° f . the j 1£a “ la [tro . n S' :r » which hath caufed the, forme and rednelfe then that which c.ufcth the bitter- neffe.for being dryed that bitterneffe vamfheth when the other two doe abide: the bitterneffe therefore in thc Roles when they are fiefli, efpcctally the juice purgeth choller and watery humours (which qcalitie the Greeke authours it feemeth knew not j bat being dtyed and that heate that caufed thc bitterneffe 1 being confumed they then have a (topping anduiflringent power. Thofe alfo that are nut full blowen doe both coole and binde more then thofe that are full blowne and thc white Rofes more then thc red. The decoffion of red Roles made with wine and ufed is very good for the head-ache and painesin the eyes earcs throate and gums, the fundament aho.the o wer bowels and the matrix being bathed or put into them: the fame decoffion with the Rofes remai- ning in them is profitably applyed to the region of the heart to eafe the inflammations therein, as aHo Saint™*- thomes fire and a! other difeafes of the ftomacke: being dryed and beaten to powder and taken in ftecled wine or water doe helpe to (lay womens courfes, they ferve alfo for the eyes being mixed with fuch other medicines tnac lerve tor that purpole, and are fometimes put into thofe compofitioos that are called Anther* zs is before- (aid. The yellow threads in the middle ofthe red Rofes Specially (which as I faid bee erronioufly called the Rofe feedes) being powdered and diunkeinthediftilled water of Quinfes.ftaycth the aboundancc of womens' lourlcs, and doth wonderfully (lay and helpe the defluxions ofrheume upon the gummes and teeth, and preicr- veth them from corruption, and faftneth them being loofe if they bee waflied and gargled therewith, and Come \ -nepar-of Squillea added thereto : the heads with feed being ufed in powder or in a dccodlion ftayeth the Taske s o die (pitting of biood. Red Rofes doe ftrengthen the heart, the Stomacke and Liver, and the retentive fa¬ ced,they mitigate the pames thatarife ofheate, aflwageinflammations procurciicepe and rfcft, Haywo- in . courfes both white and red and the Gonorrhea the running.of the rcines and the (luxes ofthe belly • the juice eiK.iom doth purge and clenfc the body from choller and flegme: the huskes of thc Rofes with thc beards and the K, ,.s of the Rofes are binding and cooling and thediftilled water of eyther of them is good forthebeate and rtdielle in the eyes, to [fay and dry up the rheumes and watering ofthetn.--;Of the red Rofes are ufnallv made many compofitionsall (crying to fundry good ufes which arc thefe, EleiSuary of Rofes,Conferv-.both moift: ■>,,d dry which is more ufually called Sugarot Roles, Syrnpeof dryed Roles and Hony ofRoles (the cordial! I jwder called GJsorrhodon Ahhatii and Arousattcum rofarumi the.diftilled water of Rofes, Vinegar of Rofes oinr- i-ientand oyle of Rofes: und the Rofe Jeaves dryed which although no compofition, yet is of very greatufe and efc-l to be lad of all fpoken. To entreate of them all exaftly I doe not entend for fo a pretty, volume of it (eTfc dKot bccompofed, 1 will therfore only give you a hint of everyone pf them.and referre the more ample dcclara- n of them to thofe that would en rreat onely of them. ,The Elefluary is purging,, whereof two or three drams e ’ *r eafr-d j 0Iae convenlc '* c l|fl u or»is a competent purgation for any of weake conftitution, but may bee . uealcdunto fix dtammes, according to the qualitie and.flrengtb of the patient: this purgeth choller without i f'-cTc e ’k nd i IS g 4 ?d ‘1r° C F , eVtrS ‘ 1,1 P a,nes oft ' ,c he 5 d ar ‘S n f? from hot and chollericke humors and 1-eare b , he j'lit tni ac e CS P rocccdln S from hot humors. The moyft conferee is of much ufc - Unding and cordiall, for unull it be about two yeare old it is more binding then cordiall.but afte-wards it is ^ ot thc yonger.conferve taken with Mhhridatum mixed together is good for thofe . _ .: :;:.u-naasot ineomelronulie hrame into the no/e- •' sm- 3 ’ 1C>22' Git * P. 26 , 'Theatrum ‘Botamcum. Tr. B K ~~ZIT , s ilfofor fluxes and Laskes of the belly, and being mixed with the fame powder of Mafticke is very good SSSe-eines, and for other loofeneffe of humors in the body : The old conferee mixed with K»“L or Aroma,icum ro/ar.m is a very good cordiall againft faint,ngs fwowmngs and M eakeneffe and tremblings of tbc heart, ic ftrengthneth alfo both them and a weake: ftomacke, helpeth digcfticn, fiayeth cafiin^ndi^very good prefer votive in the time of inftffion. The dry Conferee which is called Sugar of RofesMs a eery good Cordiall to ftrengthen che heart and (pints, as alfo to Ray defluxtons. The Syrnpe of dryed red Rote ftrengthneth a relaxed ftomacke given to calling,cooleth an overheated Liver and the blood nr Agues cotnforteth the^hcart and refifteth putrefaftion and infeaion, andhelpcih to ftaylaskes and fluxes. Honyof Rofo much ufed in gargles and lotions to wafli lores eyther in the mouth, throate or other parrs both to clerfe and heale them, and flay the fluxes of humors falling upon them hindering their heating, it is ufed alfo in gftlters both to coole and clenfe. The cordiall powders called ^rewnew R°ar«m doth comfort and ftrengthen tlr; heart and ftomacke, procureth an appetite, helpcthdigeflion, flay eth calling, and is verv good for thole that have (lipoery bowels to ftrengthen and confirme them, and to conlume and dry up their erorflurc and flipperinerfe. Red Rofe water is well knowne and ot familiar ufe in all occahons about the licke and o°bett^ nfe then DamaskcRofe water, being cooling and cordiall, refrcChmg and qu.ckmrg the weaeand font pints eyther ufed in meates or brothes.ro wafii the temples or to Imell unto at the nofe.or el.e by the fWeete vfpours thereof out of a perfuming pot, or calf on a hot fire (hove 11, it is alfo of much ufe againft the red- nefle and inflammations in the eyes to bathe them therewith, and the temples of the head alio againft paine and ache therein ■ Vinegar of Rcrfcs is of much ule alfo for the fame purpoles of pame andache.and difquietncfle in A bead as alfo to procure reft and fleepe, if fome thereof and Rofewater together be ufed to Imell unto, or the nofb and temples mo.ftned therewith, but more ulually to moiften a peeceof a red Role cafcecut fit for the pur- pofe and heated betweene a double fou'ded cloth with a little beaten Nutmeg andIP' oppy feede, flawed on that fide {hall lye next the forehead and temples, and fo bound thereto for all night. The oymment of Rofes is much Ufed againft heate and inflammations in the head to annoint the forehead and temples and being mixed with fome rounlcM to- procure reft, as alfo it is ufed for the heate ofthe Liver.of the backe and reines.and to code and heale ruflws wheales and other red pimples rifing in the face or other parts. Oyle ot Rofes is not only ufed by it felfe.to Mole any hot dwellings or inflammations and tobtnde and (lay fluxes of humors unto <° res ’ tut “ P uc aK ° lntq f many other colof, tions both ovnrmenrs and plaifters that arc cooling and binding, and rcftraimng the flux of humors The dryed leaves of the red Rofes areufed both inwardly and outwardly both cooling binding, and cordiall" for with them are made both Aromatic,m return VUrrhodo* Abb am and Sacchar,m rofarum, each of Whofe properties are before declared : Rofe leaves and Mints heated and applycd outwardly to the ftomacke ftay- dthcafUngsand ftrengthneth a weake ftomacke very much, and applied as an Epitheroe or fomentation to the region ofthe Liver and Heart doth much coole and temper the diftemperarare in them, as alfo in Read of a Role cake to the head and tempks to quiet the overhot fpirits, which will fufter no fleepe or reft to fallen on the ficke patient Of the Damaske Rofes are not made lo many medicines or compofitions.for befide the Coiiftrve and Prefcrve, the Syrupc and Hony of thole Rofes (each whereof is called Sol„nv,) the water and the diddled oyle or fpirit which lervefh more for outward perfumes then inward Phyficke, as the dryed leaves to fill fw^ ele badges and the like.l know not any other ufe made of them, and yet there is by manyuir.es much more of them (pent and ufid then of red Rofo.fo much hathpleafme outflnpped neceflary ule.The oytupc of Damask Rofes is both fimple and compound and made with Agonck,: the fimple folutive Sytupe is a familiar (afe and gentle eafic mcdicine P purging choller taken from one ounce or two unto three or fome, yet this is remarkable and wonder- full bercirf that the diddled water of this Syrupe fhould notably binde the belly : the Syrupe of Rofes with rfips- ticbo is more ftrong and cffeftuall in working then the fimple Syrupe.tor one ounce ihereof by it fclfe will open the body more then ot the other, and woikethas much on flegme as choller t the compound Syiupe is more forceable in working on mclaiicholicke humors, and available againft the Lepry, Irih, Tetters,&c. and the French difeafe alfo. Hony of Rofes iolutivc is made of the fame infufion that the Syrupe is made of, and therefore wdrketh the fame effeft in opening and purging, hut bccaufethe liony is neither fo familiar to many or convenient to hot ind agtlilh bodies.it is oftener given to fkgmaticke then collericke perfons.and is molded in Gliders then potions a; the Syrupe made with Sugar ls.The Conferve and P^ferved Raves of thele R ,fcs are operative to the fame effeft in gently opening the belly. The fimple water of the Damaske Rofes is of fo much life for fumes to fweeten all things as alfo to put into meats and broths,&c. that it hath left a!mod no ufe for any P It v file all purpofe, yet it hath beere well obfei ved by Coflaw in his commentary upon /Mr/*«,that tenne ounces of i'amaske Rofewater drunke in the morning doth openand purge the belly, the dryed leaves of the Damaske Rofes (erve rnoftto make 1 wcetc powders, and to fill 1 weet hagges or the like, yet the fame > n the riacc flaeweth that thedryed leaves powdered and drunk in the whey of Goats mtlke worketh to the lame effect in purring The Muske Rofes both fingle and double dee purge more forceable then the Datnaske, and the (ingle is he'd to be (iron"er then the double, for although none oftheGretke writers have made any mention thereof,yet Alifne, cfoeciallv ofthe doth fetitdowne: twenty of the leaves of the fingle Rofe mud be taken laith Otmcrv m. bur more of the double kinde to open the belly and purge the body.Tlie wilde Roles are fe w or none of them ufed in Phyficke, but yec are generally held ro come reare unto the nature ofthe manured Roles, both in the earthy and binding facultie, P/itr; fetteth downe in his eighth booke and fourth Chapter that rhe roote of . he wilde Rofe is lingular good to cure the biting of a mad Dogge, whtchas he latth, (but now wee may De- leevehim T know not) wasfound out by miracle : the fruit of the wilde Brier whtch arc called Heppcs being thorough fine and made into a Conferve with Sugar according to the manner of divers other fruits, beltdes tnac itisverypleafant to the t.afle.doth gently binde the belly, and ftayetlt defluxions from the head upon the ito- mark? anddryetbupthe moiflure thereof, andhelpethdigeftton : the pulpeof the Hcppes dryed unto a hard ronfiftence like to the juice of Licoris.or fo dryed that it may bee made into powder and taken indnnue itayetn fne-dily the whites in women. With the fruit Cookes and their Ladies and Miflrcffes doe know how to prepare many fine difhes for their rabies. The Brier ball is often ufed being made into powder and drunke to breake tnc Sronc to provoke urine when it is ftopped and to ealeand belpc the eollieke .• fome appoint ic to ce urnt an then taken for ;l*ic fame purpofe : in the middle of chefe balles are often found certaine white wormes, T r r b e Tbi. ^theater of'Plants. Chap, 37 1 being dryed and made into powder and lbmeafitdrunke,isfaund by long experience of many to kill and drive forth the Worjtieaofthe belly. C«*(, XXVII- Capparit, Capers. iHe Caper tree or tilth that was knowne to ‘PUfioridis and Theopbrafl nr being but one fort w«s 1 thorny , but there hathbeene lincc ionic other forts knowne,both that arc and arc not thorny, which 1 for afhnitie fake 1 thinke meetc to joyne together, and with the Capers another plant, which for fomelikenefl'ebcarethalfo the mnye ot Cnpparu. fabago or htgnminofa, Beane Capers, not intending to foyneitto the pulfes as lame might tliinke it (houldbe. I. Capparit Jpinofa folio rotund*. Round leafed thorny Capers. This Caper fendeth forth divers long, weake trayling wooddy llalkcs lying round about upon the ground,fet vi ith crooked thornes like hookes or as the Bramble,at each joynt come forth two round leaves like unto /Ifarttnp oppolite one unto another, from whence fpringeth alfo a fmall round head upon a pretty long footffalke, which is the bud from die flower before it open (and is that fmall round Caper which wee doe ufually eate at mearej which being then gathered and pickled up with great fait, are kept in barrells and brought into other countries, and are taken out of the fait afterwards and kept in Vinegar to be l’penr at the table as all know : but when it is open confifletb of foure white fweete fmelling leaves, with foure other greene ones as the huske wherein they Band,having many yellowifh threads and a long flile or peltle’in the middle, which afterwards growethrobee the fruit, and is long and round like unto an Olive or Acorne when it is ripe (which alfoare brought pickled to us,and are the long Capers which are ufed ) wherein arecontcined divers hard browne feede fomewhat like unto the kernells of Grapes: the roote is great, white, long and fomewhat wooddy covered wich a thicke barke run¬ ning and fpreading siuchin the ground, io that it will quickely fpread a whole field in the warme countries and make it barren, and is fomewhat fliarpe and bitter: the flalkes perilh in Winter every yeare, and arife againe afteih in the Spring. 2. Cappttris fylnofafolia acuto. Thorny Capers with pointed leaves. This other Caper differeth from the former neither in the thorny growing not in the flowring, nor in any other thing then in the leaves, which with the roundnefle are pointed at the ends, and this is fufheient to know it by. a, Capparit non Jpinofa frtilht major?. Egyptian Capers wilhout thornes. . The Egyptian Caper differed! not much in the manner of growing from the former, but chat the flalkes gtoV( T. l. Capparit(pmfa folio Tntundo & acuco. Thorny Capers with round and pointed leaves. j. Capparit fabago fine l£gumao[a t Beane Capers. greater 1024 Oh aw 27* Theat rum 'Bctanicum . Tribb 9. ”rrcatstancTD3ore upright without any thornes on them, the leaves aie round and Band two at a joynt like the former the buds afe fteater and foarethe whiteflowers in like manner, and the frmt greater then any of the former: this looieth not the leaves in Winter as the others doe.and herein confift the chiefe differences. 4 Captari) Arabic* ww'If mf*. Great Capers of Arabia. The Arabian Caper is a finall Ihmbbe growing up with many upright fiemmes without thornes, the leaves, flowers and fruit are greater and larger then the left SOftm. kmde, the fruit being of the bigne fle of an Eggc or Wallnut with divers lecds therein, ofafharpe and biting tafte at Diofcondes hath noted, and others fince his time oi’our later writers. r 1 . - ,r. 5. Cappariifobago five legumnofo, Beane Capers, The Beane Caper rifeth up With divers greene herby and not 'wooddy flalkes like the other, branching forth from the very bottome, at the feverall joynts whereof grow two leaves oppofite: one unto another which are alwaves two together at the end of the footeftalke, being fomewhat like unto Purflane leaves but m the poflurc and colour reffmbling the leaves of Beanes : the flowers come forth fingly one at a joynt with the leaves, which before they are blownc open are very like unto Caper bloffomes, being white (landing m a greene fcuskc and with many yellow threads in the middle,after which the fruit followeth fomwhat long and round,and opening into feverall parts, wherein is contained fmall browmflr feede : the rootc is long and woddy fhooting foith Ion-’ llrings and branches under ground many wayes. 0 0 The Tl acc. The two firft forts grow naturally in the flony places of Italy.Spaim and fome parts of T ranee a t alfo in mofl of the hotcountrics Eaftward, yet that with pointed leaves not fo frequent as the other. T heophraftns faith that it will abide no culture, yet Pliny fheweth that in his time they ufed to plant it m Italy ’upon ridges call up, and the deepe trenches filled up with Hones to keepe in the roots from overfpreading the field or ground where they i ere planted or elfe that the Hones would make them fruftifie the better, the third Bellomm faith groweth in £>,„ j„ a loofe fandy field not far Horn the Lake Mamtj, which is about balte a mile from Alexandria^ fourth hcaUo found as lie faith in the clefts of the rockes on mount Taurus in Arabia. The Place. The two firfi forts as I faid before (hoot forth their Halkcs and leaves in the Spring, and their flowers (hortly after, when as their fruit is not tipe untill the end of September : the other two keepe the fame times of flowrmg and frutftifying, but keeping their old leaves on and fhooting frefli every Sping : the lafl fiowreth and feedeth in the end of Sommer. The Names, It is called inGreeke'‘* , s'“'' e, randCh lPi time ^e knowledge two other which (hall b; prefcntly (hewed you. M pj 1 • Spina appendix vulgtru. The ordinary Hawthorne. The common Hawthorne groweth up in Tome places to be a tree of areafonable height ifeonvenienc drilling, pruning and keeping helpeic forward, otherwife it groweth to bebut a fhrubbe or hedge bufh, with divers (lioots armes and branches, whereon are let in divers places fharpe thornes and faire (hining leavcs.fome- what broad, and cut in on the edges into divers parts: the flowers are many Handing together,comming forth both at the tops of the branches and upper j'oynts with the leaves, confiding of five white leaves apeece, with divers white threads in the middle, tipt with red, and of averyplea- fant fweete Cent, after which come berries fomewhac lonu, with the roundnefle of a lively red colour when they are fully ripe and fomewhat fweete in tafte, contei- ning within them divers white feedes lying in a flocky or downie (ubftance which make it harlh in tailing, and if it fhculd bee eaten it would dicke to the throate and hurt the windc pipe: the rootegroweth (arre anddeepe. 2. Spina acutahumilier. The low Hawthorne. The low Hawthorne never groweth (o high or great as the former, the leaves are fmalier but longer divided on the edges in the lame manner itheflowers alio arewhire and fweete and grow in tufts or cluders, bur the fruit that followeth is yellow tending to a Saffron colour, in other things itdiffereth not from theother. 3 . Spina acuta bijlora Britanica . Badlands Hawthorne. We have another Tort ot Hawthorne growing in divers places of our Land well knowne to thole that dwell about the places where they grow, yet not greatly regarded or wondered at by them nor yet by many of thole that have feene them growingrbutl doe not thinke fit that it lliould be fc (lightly palfcd over or fo finally refpe£fed,for I lup- pofe it a ftrange worke of nature, or of the God of nature rather, to caule filch a tree being in all parts thereof like unto the common Hawthorne, to bloffomc twice every yeare, the one time ulually in Map as all others of the kind doe. the other about Chriftmas, cyther fomewhat before or fomewhat after, according to the temperature ot the Winter at that time, for if the Winter before bee nrilde without either great frolls or other hard weather, ic will be in blolfome white all over as i tv May, lotnctimes in T^yvember, or clfe in ‘December, but if it bee hard and fharpe weather ic will not blolfome untill tannery that the hard weather be over: it beareth alfo after chefc flow¬ ers are pad greenc berries.even iu the Winter before any greene leaves doe appeare or blollomes in L/l-fay, lo that ic will have both ripe fruit and greene at one and the fame time upon the tree: there hath not beene obferved any other difference betweene this kind and the ordinary Hawthorne. Some might thinke as it hath beetle cli- ipiued among divers that this happentth.by reafon of fome hot fpringes that take their courfe by the rootes of this tree, which reafon I grant hath lome appearance of likelihood, but wifely fcannedand confidered, is too light I thinke to hold weight, for how (hould one tree only blolTome in a place, and none of all the other trees in the lame traiff or compalfe of the lame Ipringes running ; and befidcs this there are of chefe trees in divers places ol the Land, as in Rtmney Marlh in Whet ftreet.as it is vulgarly called, but {hould bee rather High Ctreer, where it flandech in a moorifh ground chough upon a banke beaten with cold and Northerly blafts, andexpofedc > the furious winds on all fides, having no Ihtltcr or defence, but (landing in a flat and open foyle, where I thinke no hoc fpring eyther doth or is likely to breake forth or runne neare it: let the \vife and judicious Lean it throughly, if chis come to pafle by the nature of the loylc and fprings,or the naturall kinde of the tree. The Place. The firlf groweth every where in the hedges and borders of fields and wCfods: the fecond in Germany : the lafi at Glafienbury Abbey , and as is before faid in Highfireet or TVheyflreet in Tytmney Marfh, and neare unto Nantwkhe alfo in (fhefhire hy a place called white greenc, which tooke the name as ic was thought fronuhe white’ bulhes of thornes which there they call greenes. The Time. The time of thefe to flower is fpecified to be ordinarily in May and extraordinarily about Chrillma!,fometimes a little before and lometimes a little after: the fruit is ripe on the ordinary trees in September , and doe hang on them all the W inter as meate for birds,or untill the frods doe make them fall. The 1026 Chaf.2 9. Theatmm Botanicum. Tribe 9. The Names . Very many fas A-fat thiolus, Lacuna, Turner , Tellonius, Lobel,Dodonm and Olympus in Phrygia) fpreading forth armes ar.d branches fully furntfeed with leave-, which at their firft comming forth are fomewhac like unto Tamariske leaves, but being growen old they are more like unto the leaves of the Cypreffe tree, hard and pricking, and ofa darke greene co¬ lour with an eye of blew feado wins them of a fent leffe ftrong and nothing fo fha.rpe as the ordinary: it hath not beene obferved to bearc any Rowers but fmall round berries like unto Juniper berries, but greater and of a fharpe tafte, blacke when they are ripe with an eye of blew upon them like the Juniper or the ordinary Savine,which divers have held to be barren, taking their authority from Pliny, who alfo faith that Rpfemary bearcth no feeds both T RIB 9 - TheTbeater of ‘Plants. Sabina vulgaris. The ordinary Savinc Tree, both which are found untrue by good experience,^ Fuchfitss } Cor« 9 e f ner y Dodonaus and Lugdunenfis doe teftifie, yet Comer arius iaithit i ; true in one kind that it bearethno fruit, but not in the other, but Lob el faith the ordinary doth beare berries although but in a few places and but feldome, and both of them holding their fruit on the branches all the Winter,untill greene ones grow on them,and never looting their leaves. 2. Sabina baccata altera. Gentle Savine with berries. This other Savine groweth fomewhat higher then the laft as it groweih in Europe, and almoft unto the height of the Phoenician or C yprefle I ke Cedar, fpreading more Gender and weake bran¬ ches whereon are fet ftnall and long leaves, of a more gentle favour then the reft ion the branches among the leaves come forth inch like berries as the other, and very like unto Iuniper, blacke akb when they are ripe, and bnt little bitter in tafte,not altogether unpkafant. The Place. fhefiift groweth in Candy, ALifia, and other thofeEaft court- tries, the fecond on the mountaine Taurus ^ Amanus and Olympic: the ocher upon the mountaines in Apulia and Calabria of Naples , as alio on the plaines of the Alpes neare unto Qratianople, The Time. They abide ever greene, and (hew their ripe berries not untill the Winter. 2 * Sabina baccata a'lera. Gentle Savine with berries. The Names. It is called in Greeke and Brathus ^Brathy and r Barathcon i in Latine Sabina and Savina and of home Savi- why Pliny ftiould call Sabina an herbe all doe much won¬ der, tor all knew and himfelfe could not bee ignorant thatboth forrs hereof mentioned by him were trees or fhrubbes and not rierbes. * Doaonaw feecneth to allude unto the Greeke name, where he faith that Pliny in his 12, Booke and 19 Chapter men¬ tioned! Brut a arbor , and thinketh as divers others did, that Bruta was taken from Brathu by the tranfpofition of a letter,and is Pliny bis Savina altera } which he faith was called Cnprejj'w Qntica : but 1028 Chap. 30. 'Tfaatrum Botanicam. T R 1 B E 9. ~~Lnodunen(is denieththat Brat a arbor Film, can be Tbayaprima MafftlunfMOxyceiVn or Cedru, LycUotBel- lomm Zc^Fhamccaalteraot Plia/ui Th'ophraflw accordingto Lobe< and the Sab.na major tMoafteh- ’ 0 J* or L rHptWrrierh Chanter. Traaw reporteth the wondcrfull hiperftitions uled in lowed as they fay by the Priefts, Croffe or cam^nearHl draeunto^while the Pricft wls fnhXwbgT^onW preserv e them that (hall weare them ( more then the reft of the fame branch d at did not touch the Criffe; from charmes or witchcraft, and from the fnares ofthe dwell and from the dan¬ cer of he edges and points of fwords and weapons, thus to draw their mmdes from nutting in God to truft unto theie conjured fuperftitieus devilcsofmen. Matthiola, much blameth BeUoma, that Aibro dr cmfir* arbo. X placed the great Iuniper tree,which he found on the mounta.nes Turn. Ammm and Oljmfm among he tcfmiferous tree?,but I would faine know if the V'mix or gam VmfrH be not to be accounted a R.ffm as well as S* which is fo accounted of all: but he is much more tobe blamed as he faith alfo, for making the fa.dIu- nine ■ tree M be the Sruta arbor

and con ^ b ^ ime * u tiie b °* 0* it had beene burned in the fire, and hard that it was not to be patted in funder without flrokes and bea¬ ting ; but chof e things that were put into the belly ofthedeadbodie, could not preferve the whole body,and make every parrblacke alike,as I thinkc. All the dead bodies of Egipt, and Syria likewife being thus embalmed were they never fo poorc.but with more fumptuoufneffe and coft peradvenrttre, of Aloes, Myrihe, Saffron, Ballamum, and other precious things, if they were rich, or the Princes or Kings & were carryed into a defart or barren place in and laid with (ome monument or hcape offtones on them, which is the place where the Pyiamides now Hand ( as .it was the cuifomc in all places to bury the dead in thofe places which were mod barren, and not fit for husbandry, tillage, or paflure) and is about foure miles from Cabo, the River Nihu, or fome branch thereof being bc- tweene, which they mud palfe over either by bridg orboate, before they come there, and this as it is mod likely, was the originall of the Gnckri fables of Lithe,Stix, Charontf-c The dore of Mumia, that hath, and is yearely (pent in all Countries,doth tedifie the innumerable dore of bodies buryed there fought for and brought from thence, which are all alike in fubdance, without any great or mani- feftdifference. There hath beene much concto- vetfie hereabouts, the Arabians taking Mnm'ia to be Pijfalpba/ium, and fo did CMatthiolut alfo, Bra- favolm to be Afphalttim Indaicum, and tobeufed —•> rm.r'ivin indead thereof, which Mattbwltu midiketh.and leemeth to allow better of the Pifallbaltum,or the Aloes Mvrrh- j e u Cwlt , h tbc Dodl “ were duffed, being altered in time bv the moidure of thecarkafe in the prave.’as is be ¬ fore (aid then of the body it felfc, which is called Adumia, and therefore would have bodies to befo embalmed and kept, that the embalmings might be uled, but adiirediy, neither the one nor the other can be called Mum rightly, nor are of that effeft, for although Seraph and AvL fay that , MZa 3 “XTZ wh re l° rC Wt ’n‘ rf0CVer Pr ° per ^ T° fC ° r]d! a PP° inteth u "‘° W'K the fame they attribute unto 7 blhu^T t ,- tlr Cr t 0U n V •' r ” lnd , ? " ,lM b y fa y>ng that Fix liquid.,, is a fit fubditute for P.ffal- pb hunt doc intimate that it is ofanotherquahtyrhen is, and commeth farre (Tort thereof: Jtishotand minus l‘nr[f C M ndd r § p CC ’ andcidcth , tbc P aines in the head, commingof cold and moidure, the Megrome fwim- dialFfnr h nCS takCn 1!’ t de , c ° aiGn °J Marjerome,& helpeth a cough taken in ptifane drmke.ir is cor- fnfveih^ ®rt d preventeth the danger of poyfon, or the venomcof the Scorpion and other ferpents, di(. w a r^ h H^r n ? e b n‘n m thC ft ° m f l ^ e > ( P le 5 n c »na bowels,ftayeth the hickocke and blecdings.both inward and out- the ietendo^r" con ? ea!ed bbod ° f brulfa b y fals or otherwife, and helpeth the ulcers of the bladder, and the retention ofunne, being taken m Goates milke: it is alfo very profitably ufed againd palfies, cramoes and 1 entions of the mouth the hardnes and fhrinking of the fmews, and lamencs in the feetc though cold ami wet Chap. XL* Myrrha, Myrrhe. m cf-a certaine tree growing in Arabia ^Ethiopia, and other places, as k is thought The. '■ ,hr fnrh / ,h / \* r T ! re P° rfS of the ««*° r rt'CW it bearVth, one contrary to ant ‘t’/ , h , at1C m »y be doubted whether any of them be true,feeing they be but guefTcs at tl* likelvell faith that it is not unVikV t 0 n the h ,°7 t?’ th “ * ny no - w adlyes hjth feenc the trec that it. Diofcoridts aitn that it is not unlike to the Egtpttan Thorpe, meaning ^rsrwithout mention?nganyreport,andisgot- yyvfvr 1-594 Cm a p,40, Tbeatrum c Botanicmn, Tr i b s 17 ten by cutting or wounding the tree, tint the gutrmc may flow forth,in the canicular daycs, as other gnmmes 9*e gotten. We have many forts thereof, in goodnefle fome better or worfe then others, asingrearand (mail peece6, fat anddry,pulverilentotts like, pale and more red all alike, crehedilcoloured, w ith (erne whitifh pce- CCS in ic, which is the belt, forwhereas Dio/cortdet commendeth that which is fotnewhat greene, Ihavenoe fecnc any fuch, nor read that any hath ever fecne it, and it is very likely that the Grceke word v"r«^«£7 ( ,which Diofcerides uletll, xmybzubtiprecolorepallefcente, as well as fdbviridi, and fo RenieUtitu noteth it inhisChap- ter de Gobtopi/ce, and to be taken here in the former fence. Myrrhe as I faid before is in fight fo like unto BdeUi. Km, that they are (ooue miftaken by thofe that are not expert,but hath thefe notes and differences: it is excreame brter, and fo is not Bdellium, it is paler,fattcr.calicr tobe broken, and of a more qnicke fharpe fent, fothat the beft Myrrhe, may be both knowne of it fclfc and hereby from Bdellium , that it is of a purplifh browne colour, in great peeces and fattifh ( for the greater pceces retaine their fatneffe longer, and are not fo foonedryed by the a s rc) with (ome whitifh peeces or veines therein, extreame bitter in tafle.and fmelleth fomewhat fharpe and bit- ttrwithall. Divers bavediveifly thought ofMyrihe, fome fuppofing Myrrhe tobe Benzoin, and Bdellium to be Myrrhe,and that we had no true Myrrhe,ef- e centra,tbit we had Mirrhe and no true 'Bdellium, becaufc fo little that was good, was formerly brought to beufed, that they might beplaine- ly diftinguifhed, and the rather becaufe that Calm faith Myrrhe, will be fome times changed into Opoca/pa/nm, which is venemous and deadly, and is fo like it,that as he faith in his time many were killed therewith,who yet finding it to be ve¬ ry effefluall for fundry dilcafes of the eyes, thought it might be as effeffuall for inward difeafes: the notesof which Opo- calpafum (as Galen calieth it,or Opccarpafum the juyceof C" r - pafttm as 'Dtofcondcs callcth it in hisfixth Book and 11.Chap¬ ter among the venemous plant' , but maktth no defeription thereof in any of his former Bookes)as I finde them fet down in iPeckers Antidotarie in the examination ofMyrthe) are thefe : becaufc faith tVccktr ttue Opocalpafitm is not ulually to be feene to com pate it with Myrrhe, yet if you (hall per¬ ceive in Myrrhe lome pceces tobe much differ ingboth in fent and tafie from true Myrr he,you may wel & not without good reafon judge that it is changed into Opocalpafum,{m although both in colour and futftance it be like to the beft Mytrhe.vvith whitifh veines therein like unto the nailes of ones hand, yet examining it mote thoroughly, it will be found not to be Myrrhe, and that there will likewife fome rcddifhcleere fpots appeare therein •• ic behoveth therefore to be cauteious in the choyfe of Myrrhe, that you be not deceived with the fhe w or likeneffe, hut obferve that ic have all the true notes of ttue Myrrhe, leaft while you thinkc you have the true Myrthe,you have this poyfon, if it be inwardly taken, which cenfumeth the corrupt mattering and watering of the eyes to beufed outwardly : which mctamorpholis (ifitbetrue, or that G-jAkicamfhonld be changed into Sagapenum or Cajfia into Cinamon were very miraculous yet herein the eld Authours are very frequent,but I thinke of thefe miracles, which arcthe converfions offubflances, asl doe of their tranlmigration of fouler) Din/Mwfctmakethno mention of ic,but faith that the jayceofCurpafum^ whe¬ ther herbeor tree) was venemous as T‘xw,£tcMta.ind many other was, and tobecured with the fame remedies thac ficuta was. Die; r ceridei faith that out of the fatted Myrrhe called Pediafimoi,being preffed is taken Stacie ■ yet Pliny faith that the trees doc fwcate out Stable, of their ownc accord before they be cut, which is accounted to be the Sty rex hejutda of our flxoppes,both by the Arabians and other later writers as Mattliielui faith, himfelfe alio being of that opinion, whereof I cannot but mervaile that be or any other duely confidering our Styrax liejm- da, both the forme and fent fo farre differing from Mitthe,(houldthinke it tobe preffed out of fat Myrrhe,being of lb fine a fharpe bitter aromaticall fent, and th eStyrax litjuida, rather loathfome then pleafant. Dtofcoridrs maketh mention of one fort of Mytrhe called Aminnea, which Ga/cxcalleth Mir.ea (Matthio/m taking them to be divers,and not one fort of Myrrhe) whichfome thinke to be the Gumtne Anime, called by the PortugaUs Cam Atrijmtm, comming from Ethiopia, for there is another of the Weft Indies whcreofl fhall intreate hereafter, but herein I thinltethcyaiedeceived. Galen faith that Myrrhe is hot and dry in the fecond degree, and therefore is good for wounds in the head: and by the bicterncffe which is not little.it killetb the wormes in the belly, and the living childe, expelling the dead: it hath in it alfo a binding quality, whereby being mingled with eye me¬ dicines it helpeth ulcers and great fcartes, and for the fame caufe is good to be put among thole things are good foranold cough and fhottneffe of bieath, the bitterneffe not harming the winde pipe or throate, but gently clenfing and heating, it helpeth the roughnefle of the winde pipe or throate, faith Dhfcori- det, and thofe thac are hoarfe,and have loft their tongue as we call it: itisgoodalfo againft the paines of the (ides, the laske and bloody flix, and rheumatickc deftillations; it fpeedily procurerh womens coutfes and molli¬ fy eih thehardneffe of the matrix; italfo taketh away the (hivering fits of agues, being taken two houres before ic come t but Matthiolus faith that by taking a drarnme of Myrrhe in Mufcadine, tiling it three timet, an hourc before his fits, he was cured of a quartaine ague.buc he did therewithal! prefently after the taking thereof (wear moderately in his bed:pilles likewife faith he made with it and Treakle,is cffetftuall for the fame purpofc,to take one at a timeasbigge as a peafe,an hourc before the fits for many dayes together: it isalfo a great preftrvative in the Plague or pcftiience, and againft chevenome or poyfon of Serpents and harmefull creatures, and therefore : put into Antidotes and counter poyfons: it is a lingular remedy for a (linking breath, fafleneth loofe teeth,and ftayeth Tribe 17. The Theater ofTlants. Chap.^i. i 595 ftayccl. the (tedding of the haire, bdng ufed with I, ,Jann m , and thTivTne of M[td^hl;lp^h m atcc r in£.'c 7 r^ and watering eyes, and taketn away the filme or skinne that beginneth to grow over and darken the fifht i- helpeth to breede flefh in dcepe wounds, and to cover naked bones, CMattlnelm commendeth itasafineuW fucui for the face to take away wnnckles that come by age,and to make it fmrwh o„H ™Vrhf,7n "ngular an oyle as it is called or rather the liquour of Myrrhe, which is made with egges boylcd hard, cut in the middle^ the yolkes taken forth and filled up with pouthcr of Myrrhe,then put into a glalfe and let in a Wine teller or moift Chap. X L I, Nardtu lndicafive SpicaNardi. Spicknard. Ani* abort r, intreating of this Spikenard teflifieth that there is but one fort knowile and ufed as well by the Indian and 7 A as the Perfian and Arabian Phyfitions,and although feme wo dd intimate that this is not that was ufec I by the Ancients,in that Pliny fctteth it downe lib ™ c°"i that ic was not to be had but at an exceflivc price,yet that hindereth not,in regard bo’h all the Coun- — -- tryes of the Indies are betcer husbanded then heretofore and r .1! ™ . !? had opened the way by Sea, all forts of Drugges were provided herr^r ind k„ r f in ^ ^ nce ^ 'ttng*lls Caravans being exceffive chargeable by their fong'/omney and trav^ade* but I^hink^horh^rh'nn' Indies, by being more fought by Venetians and other Chriftian- was rhpKp ' • n ! Dmgges and the Arabians and the like were the chiefe Merchants.beginning of the reformations.for ^whc« Sardat lndica, Spicknard, much bad Merchandize was dearcly fold, howfee- ver cheapely bought, and I thinke much more adul¬ terated both by them and Iewe6, and the Indians al¬ io were not behind to Ibphilticatc whatfoever they could, which the ChrilJians I verily fuppofe did fomewhat alter,when they became great Merchants for Europe, and fince is reftified more and more, when onely the fincerc and pure is bought, and tlieo- thcr left on their hand to mend if they can, but yet it falleth out that the blindc eateth many a flye.I meane the ignorant is often deluded, who through cove- roufneffe oftentimes letteth paffe the better to take the worfer at cheaper rates : but to thepurpofein hand. This Spicknard groweth not in many places, and where it doth,it is n ot very plentifully is a roote yet called a Spike,becaufe it fhooteth up hairy (hikes of hairy like Spikes,many fet together,of a brownifh colour, and whereas THofcorides faith the roote is of no ufe, yee muff nnderftand the word in a double fenfe: the rootes that THofcorides meant,be the fhort fibres, whereby it draweth its nourifhment and en- creafe from the earth, and thefe indeed be unprofi¬ table and of no ufe; but the rootes that Galen ( pea- keth of, are the Spikes thcmlelves or Spicknard, for fo he calleth them both, lib. i. Tie Antidati,, thus faying; lubet Andromaclnu adifeere Pfjtrdnm Indi. earn, ea veroejl ipnam Jpicam vacant non quod (pica lie radix enim ejl, fed cjaod [pica formam refer at. And inlib.g. decamp, med. fee, laces, He ufeth fome- what neere the fame words: but in that fome objccT, it is not ofa lweet fent.fuch as Diafcorides recorded; of it, C/arcias faith while it is frefh itis fweete, but time may decay lome part of the fent, andbefides fweete fmells were otherwife taken with the Aunci- cients then with us, witneffe many things, as Galbanum Allium, &c\ were reckoned fweete, much differing from the opm'ons now received, but thus I have (hewed you the acception of the roote and Spike ofthis Nardjj nor mr ^ ‘ n BoCh D . l °£’ r ‘ d ' ! an , d have recorded that it doth beare a (hike and leaves, yet have not mentioned what flowers it hath, neither is the other baftard or French Spikenard of Label (hewed ro have Tradekl^elh ^ exhlbltcd the firrt Claffis ofthis W orke, but the like was found in Virginia by Matter Iabtt Traaefcant the younger, with fuch like long greene leaves as is deciphered in that, the roo-e alfo anfweruw fd neere aaio Ac French N arias, but of i paler blackifh colour, and without any lent that I could perceive and befides all this,he found it with the fpike of flowers and feed at the toppes of the (hikes, which were turning or winding, the head (landing on a fm.ll naked italke, fomewhat like fI meane in the turning) unto the K , or ConmUo «/>«*, the great Turkyffiarlicke with a twined head, confiding of twoot f rh P n°n C9 °c h? bright brownifli chaffie huskes, hairy as it were at their ends, andftanding alfon one fide ° the aalkcs ‘ for follre or five lnches Ion g- This baftard kinde beat ing fuch an headydoth perlwade m c to thinke Yvvvvyi t hi s 15^6 Chap.42. 'Jheatrum 5 Botanicum. T: 1 BE 17 this Indian kindc to have alfofome other whether the like or no is not to be determined but by fight,The proper¬ ties oi this Indian Spikenard are theft: It is of an heating and drying quality,provoking urine,and (laying laskes, and both the reds and whites in Women: it takethaway the loathing to meate.and the gnawing ol theftomackc uiually called the heart-burning, it conduccth helpe to fweliings, to the ftone in thekidneyes, and to the Kings Evill: the decc&ion helpeth the inflammations ol the mother if they fit therein : it htlpcth to bring hairc on the baire eyelids : it is notonely an ingredient into the two famous Antidot es 3 Theriaca A*idrmachi i and Mi. thridatfptm, but into fundry other competitions appointed by the Ancients, but becaufel would not make a double repetition or the fame things, having declared the properties hereof at large in the 42.Chapter ofthefirll Claffis of this worke, I mull referre you thereunto. ’ * ; :r - 1 r!u * v ft r e ai-r *is ,r . * , in) Chap. XLII. 'Film* fivc Nux Indicuvul^n iiferens Coccus , The ordinary Indian Cokar Nut. xHere cannot be found in the world, a tree that hath fo many necetfary commodities for mens ufes to 1 be had from it,as this Cokar Nutthe tree groweth to be huge great and vatic, whofc body or hem 1 is covered with a fmoothbarke, bare or naked without any branch to a great height (for which caufe the Indians doe either bore holes therein at cei taine diftances,and knocke flrong pegs intothem which fticke out fo much as may fctve for footing to get up into the tree, to gather the juyee or li- quoutand the fruitc, or fallen ropes with naylcsvound about the tree a: fpaces which (erve as fteppes to goe up into it,) and toward the top fpread fundry great armes which bowe theml'elves almoft round, with large leaves on them like the Date tree but greater, whole middle ribbe is very great,abiding alwayes grcene,and with fruite alfo; continually one fucceeding another:from betweene the lower boughes come forth lmallcr (lalkes hanging downe, bearing fundry flowers on them like unto thoie of the Chefnnc tree : after which fucceed large great three fquare fruite or nuts,ten or twelve,or lometimcs twenty thereon together,as big as ones head, or as almall Pompion almoft round, but a little fmaller at theend, covered with a hard tough darkeafh-coloured batke, and within it an hard round wooddy brownifh (hell, butblacke being polifhed, having at the head or toppe thereof three holes, fomewhat refembling the nofe and eyes of a Monckey, betweene which outer barke and this (hell, grow a number of grofle threds or haires,or fuch like fluffe, whereof is made cordage, flronger and more durable in the (alt Sea, then any made ofhempe; within the wooddy (hell,there is a white kernell.cleaving clofe to the inliae thereof, ofthe thickenelTe of ones finger or thumbc,or thinner.as fweeteandpleafantasan Almond while it is frelh, having in the middle thereof a pint,two or three, of cleare dainty fweet water, as pleafant as milke. Polled vc l Mux ladcca COlosfcrens, The Indian Cokar Nut tree. Nucula lndica. vactmofa. A finall Indian Nut many growing together. bll£ Tr i b b 17, The Theater of‘Plants* Cha p.42, 1597 FraUus integer Nuch Indiea Coau diflus, The whole Cokar Nnt as it is taken from the tree Nux Indict interior. The inward Cokar Nut with the hard blacke fhell there oa, but as it groweth either to be over ripe,or being kept to be older ,fo much lefle pleafant will this liquour be, and cither growfoweror thicke by time.-and be quite (pent and continued, it hath beenc ob- ferved that fometimes there will be doting in this liquour a fmal! lum pe or balsas clcere as a pearle, and very Tweet in taltc, which is asthcTprout, which have fprung forth allalke rifing through one of the holes at the head, and rifing two palmcs above it hath (hot forth fibres for rootes. The name and ufes whercunto this tree, ,and the fruite, and thofe things that are made thereof ferve, are thefe. The tree it felfe is called generally by the Indians Maro, in Malaca Trican • but in Malabar Tengamaran, by Avicen (jiau(i al bcnd t which is Nux Indica, by Serapio and Rbafis, as Garcias faith, larcl- nare, yet that word is not found faith C lupus in our Bookes, but Ne - regill: the Latines call it Palma Indie a & Coccifera , to dlRinguifh it from the Palma Dattjlifera, the timber whereof is not fpongy or like the Ferulas as Garcias faith, but folide and firms, blacke and fhining like the Wallnut tree, fit for building of houfes or (hips, and other things,as Garcias himfelfc faith a little after, this tree faith Garcia is of two forts (or rather as \ thinke kept for two ufes ) the one to bcarc fruite, the other to extraft the liquour ifliiing thereout, when the branches are cut, or when it is bored and received into Gourdes,or other fuch like things tyed thereto, which liquour they callJ«r*, and is like troubled Wine in fhew, but intafte like new or fweetc wine which being boyled is called Orraqua, and being de- ftillcd is made like ant 0 Aqua vita, which they ufc to the fame purpofe that we doe ours, and will burne like it, and is called Fula, and being let into the Sunne will become good vinegar, but that which runneth Iaft being differed to abide in the Sanne until! it grow hard,or boyled to the hardneffe will be Sugar, which they call Iagra a The branches faith (jarciat ( but Ferdinands Lopes faith the leaves) are called OUa, and ferve as umbrels to keepc off Sunne and Raine, and in fuch like leaves, faith he, was written thefirR Letter that the King of Calecutiznt to Emanuel King of Portugal!, upon the 'Portugals firft arrivall into his Country, they ferve likewife to cover houfes, to be defended from raine, the fruite is called by the Indians generally Narel, which is common both with the Perfians and Arabians, but in Malabar Tenga, and while it is greene and not ripe Eleni, the Portugal x call it Coejuo, that is a Monckey,of the likenes of a Monkeys face, and from thence hath rifen the word Cocw 0 r ra¬ ther which the three holes reprefent,and at Goa Lanka, of the hairy Ruffe or hardcs which is next the outer barke of this Nut,called by the Indians Cairo, are made not only Cordage and Tackle for fhips,butcawking Ruffe, which is better to cawke fhips then any other Ruffe, and being beaten, the finer Ruffe is made into girdles and ca wles for women,(failes cloathes alio, but not any fine Ruffe or cloath like any fine linnen ) both of the meaner and better fort at Lijhbone 3 as C lupus faith he faw and obferved, but as Garcias faith, while this Nut is youngie hath 2 tender barke which may be caten,and taReth like an Artichoke;of the browne hard inner fhtll, being pol- lifhed and made blacke and (hilling,is not onely made cups,to drinkc in,Tec in filver or other metcall,wbiclunade Sepulveda to draw the Portugalh to thinke that it doth helpe thole that have the Palfie to drinke out-of chem.buc Qarcias faith it hath no likelihood: but being burned into coalcs ferve the Gold fmithes for their ufes: who goe about in the Rrcetes crying for worke, and carrying fome neceffary tooles for the purpofe with them; of the inner white kernell,which is hollow, cleaving faR to the infide of the hard wooddy (hell, which is an inch or two or lefie thicke, firme and faR,tailing fwcet like aw Allmond,they make breadefpecially while it is frefh,for the frefh- er the Nuts are, the Tweeter will the meate thereof be, and doth nourifh much, being good for macilenc bodies, and toencrcafe fperme and Venery, and is good to Iencfie the harfhneffeof the throaty gnd the hQarfeneffe of V y v v v v 3 ' ■ 7 iths Ntuul* Indicts alter. A little Indian Nut,and anocher called Mtknbftbm; Tkeatrum Eotanicum the voyce, and eaten oftentimes with lxgra before recited, or with Sugar, or the being broken and bruifed they draw forth a miike,like unto Alimond mtlke,wherewith they boyle Rice,and is as (weet as the milke of Kine, or Goates,orelfe herewith, and the fleih of beads or birds, they make certaine meatesywhich they call Carib. The frefii kernels being broken and dryed after the cuter rinde is pared away, arc called by them Capra, and is fent asamerchandifeintoother Countryes,that have either none or not fufficicnt (fore to ferve their ufe : which tafte m::chp!eafanter then any of thofe that are brought from thence into thefe parts, it is uled alfo asadirrernp of Vencryjand to encreafe fpermeor feed : OutofchisCopr b ‘" h ’ B‘™S halfc a Gramme ofeach, or two ftrnple. n^asriagsa^j^ ia-?**^^ * *■*••■«*» ***. tnerly/oyned to the Continent, which is faid to be S i °P lnlon 15 b ' ld > thatalf thofe Iflands havebcene for- pefls, and innundations. which may be as hkelv as tha/our rn^'f S ' K° m tbcm ’ a ‘!r b . rokcn aw, y ty tem- land of France, and both I Sink”Sitetruefor clL2 , f u‘”n’ w “» Ifo » the Firmer not in this part gained from he Land a can befcw ‘ hls , Pr0 S^ ffe Either, a "d the Sea hath found onely upon the (Lore caff upby the Sea that he ,r/e g ' V? i hac thefe N ™ beeaufc rootes abiding (fill firme in the ground, yeeUing the.firuite wtanthr” an^o°faimrnine to t t roi 'j n ? d ^ JI, ds, their tiy 1600 Ch ap.43, Tbeatmn c Botankunt. 1 r i b a 17 by the windc and waves to thole Ifiandsare next thereunto, fwhich I thinkc in iome part may be protable) but that they adde.that this Iflind is (eene by fome that looke not for ir, but cannot be found by them that feeke ^al¬ though »s they fay, the King hath caufed fundry times fearch to be made for it,ftill they that have beene fent have returned afrightedand terry Red by (pints, that they have given it over and returned with fuch anfwers, which in my opinion are mcere fables and noyfed of purpofe to keepe the Nut in morceftimation. But in my judge¬ ment if the truth might be fearched exa£Iiy,by flout and not timerous perlons, by religious not fuperflitious, as mod of the Indians are, and by j'udicious and indudrious men, and not vveakelings, and fooles, the tree that bca- reth thefe fruites would be found to grow on the Land, whether Continent or Ifland is no matter, and that if it lx true that thefe Nuts are onely found on the fhores.as the Sea calteth them up.for even of thatreport I am more then halfe doubtfull) when they are ripe and lalne, the windes carry them from off the Land whereon they are faliie, intotheSea, andfoare taken upon thofe Iflands: but yet me thinkes it is fomewhat hardly to be belee- ved, that thele Nuts fhouldbe carryed by the Sea to the ccalles of no other Countries, but thefe iflands although they be (o many, for the report is that they are not found in any part of the world befides. Andlalily, to finifh this tedious difeourfe to fhew my opinion how thefe (ifthey be fables) may be blowne away, and the truth cer¬ tainly knowne, viz,. if cither thefe Wanders, that is,the King, orfomc of the Naturalls, or elfe lome Chridi- ans or others in thofe parts would make choyfe of the frefheft they could finde ofthefe Nuts, and to putboth divers of them,and at fundry times into the ground, to fee whether they would not fpreue forth, and fpring, for it is probable, that as they are in the inner kernell, i ke to the ordinary Cokar Nut, which hath a bud therein that hath and will grow', as is fhewed before, This Nut alfo foneerely rcfembling it, asis (hewed, might at one time or another fpring and grow, and take away all other doubts and tables, whatfucverareforepafkd : This my opinionhow it wit! be accepted I know not, but if any by the tryail thereof fhould raifeatrcc or more, it would provea wotkeno leffegainefuilthen memorable toallpollcrity. Chap. XLIII. Tiux Mojcbat.-t. The Nutmeggc tree, sadSdeflS&HeNutmeggetree, and folikewife the fruite are of two forts exaflly obferved by Clttfnu, andby hi m called WAS and ftmina, the m.u beareth the greater and the longer Nutmegge,the letter and roun- 1 der the female, and the mod ordinary with us, the tree whereof is reported by them that have fecnethem, to be very great, and as tall ailmott as our Pcare trees, fpreading many branches, which ' are grecne while they are young, having faire broad leaves fet thereon, fomewhat longer then Eay leaves, or to compare them more truely, like unto the Orrenge tree leaves, but without the lower peeces, and IVtitir Mefihete termer gettuinit. A (rue branch of the Nutmegge tree,with the fruite. Nf.r MofchatafcufruQui integertmifua eumtegumemo CMaeis.cortice nigro dr rate inter iorc ret antic Or huge. The whole Nutmegge cm in the midJlt.the hard tlicll with the Macn both on it,and of it,and the Nutmegs both long & round. not T a i be 17. The theater of ^Plants. Chap, 44, 1601 not fo bard nor denied about the edges, bucletonaihorrltalkenotoneagainff another, but unequally on t'nc branches, and abide alwayes greenc thereon, thefruite (for Bowers have not beene obferved) grovveth at the end of the young branches, and not as Matthioliu fetteth them forth, among the leaves, which are as bigge as Peaches, handing lingly for the mod part, but fometimes two together on a long thicke footeffalke, having an outer thicke husice furrowed in the middle, which divideth it lelfc into two parts, and growing ripe openeth it ieife, (hewing the Nut within, covered with the Macis, cut intofevcrallpeeces as it were, and fo (triftly cleaf vingto that blacke hard fliell whereon it lyeth, that it leaveththe print of the lying of it thereon, and is of an orient crimfon colour, while it is frefh and the huske newly (eparatedfo. it to lye open, but by little the ayre. chaugeth the colour to be more dead and yellowifh, as we lee it brought dry unco us, being taken of from that blacke, thinne.hard (liell, that enclofeth the Nutmeggc it felfe within it, which is fomewhat round and firmeor folid,divcifly dilcoloured in vcines within, fomewhat heavy alfo, 1 mcanc the bed, and not light or hollow, andyeeldingan oyliemoilture upon the pricking thereof with a pinne or needle, andofan excellent aromaticaU both lent and tade, yet not fo qaicke and hot as either Pepper,Ginger,or Cloves. The other whole Nutmegge is longer and accounted the male, a branch whereof Clufm exhibiteth a part from the other, and deferibeth it as he received the branch, which was ofafootc and anhaltcin length, and as thicke as a writing pen of a goolcquill, retaining (ome of theold wood of the ladyeare, whole barkc was of an afla- colour, but the new lprung branch ofabrownilh red colour, and very pichy in the middle, this branch had levcn or eight 1: aves on it, being much larger and with a thic ker footeftalke then the former, and were neere a footc long, but not much thicker then they, and three or fourc inches broad, fomewhat hoary underneath and greene and (Lining above, with divers veincs thwarting the middle ribbe: the fruite groweth in the fame manner as the former, at the ends of the branches, but more in number fet together, in all things like the former, but longer and greater, and nothing fo aromaticaU in fent and tade, yet itis laid thatthc Macis ofthis fort ismuch moreorient in colour then the lad. They have received fundry names, lor in 'Band* where they grow bed they call them Pa!la,ini the Macis Bunapalla ,but in Theca », lapatri, and the Macis faifol-.oi Avicenna Ian(i band, that is, JYmx Bmdonjis , and the Macis Befba[e. This was not knowneto the ancient Greeke writers, Theopbaflue otTiofco- rides- no nor to Cjalen or Vliny, for although lome have thought it might be Galen his Chryfobalanos, yet they arc farreawry therein, the later have called it Nux Aromatites, Nux Myriflica, and Mofihata , as if it were de¬ rived a Mnfca , for the fweetneffe thereof. They are ufed in ail the cold griefes of the head orbraine for pal., lies, the (drinking of linewes, and the difeaf'es of the mother, they arc hot and dry in the fecond degree, anl are fomewhat adringenr,ferving to day the laske, they caule a fwcet breath and amend adincking, tbcyhelpe to difeuffe winde,either in the domacke or bowels, it helperh to quicken the fight,and to comfort the fpirits, and provokeurine, and are comfortable to the domacke, and helpe thole that are feeble or macilent to grow fat as alfo helpeth Venery and encreafcth fperme, they helpe to procure red and (lcepe by allaying the didemper ofthc fpirits, beingapplycd to the temples. The Macis arcof the fame property, but fomewhat more warminpand comforting, the tnickeoyle that is drawne both from Macis and Nutmegges, are either of them ofgood ufein pcftorall griefes to warme a cold domacke,and the cough, and to dry uprheumatickc deftillations of raw and cold flegme thereunto or upon the lungs. The chimicall oyle of either is of more efficacy both for peflorall and cephaticall difeafes, but mud be cauteloufly and fparingly ufed. A’ux Vomicx. TJie Vomiccing nut. Chap. XLIV. NuxVomica. The Vomiting Nutor Nuxvomica. Ithough we have no true knowledge of the treeihatbeareth thefe Nuts (as they are called now »; dayes ordinarilyin our fhopsj more then what Serapio faith of it, that the tree of the Nux methel, i is like the tree of the Nuxvomica, whereby we thinke that our Methel , which is the Stramonium J m ' nM w ‘ th a f, f ? ca ’’ ed > ls che MethelSerapio ,but are much deceived.for his differeth much from it that we fo call in that Scrap,o faith of his Methel, that it bearethanoily fruite like Mandraooras, with an hairy skm or barke, and ofno unpleafant tade, and of his NuxVomicahe faith alfo (differing notably from ours; that as one Abraham had informed him, it was a fruite bigger then an Hafell Nut.full of nodes or bunches,and of a colour betweene white and blew, and fpeaking of the properties of them both, he faith that the Methel is cold in the fourth degree, fo that if two drams be taken inwardly it killeth, if a Idler quantity it cauieth a kinde of j ftupefying likedrunkennefle: and of the Fowfoa, he faith onely that two drammes thereof taken with a decoidion of dill, or with fait, doth marvclloufly provoke vomit, but giveth no deadly quality un¬ to it, as he doth to the Methel : whereby it is thought that bisMe. thells our Vomica, and that his affimilating it to Mandrake is rather to be underlfood of the quality then of the forme, whereunto it an- fwereth, but Avicen deferibeth the 1 \ux Methel to have (hort and thicke prickles upon ir, and a feed like unto Mandrake; and fitchin- deed is the Stramonium fo . that you may plainely fee that Se- m/wconfoundeth both thefe together, both for forme and proper¬ ty: and is likely that he never law either of them, and therefore i the Phyficians and Apothecaries were in former times as much mifla- f ken in appointing the one for the other: both pro & contra : but' now feeing that they are better knowne, and well diftinguifhtd in' funder, they are ufed each according to their property -• yet becaufe K fi Ire 1 ! ill T heat rum Botanicum. thetruitcor nutsarenotufuallinour (hop;-es, but hath beene formerly appointed to bee put into Antidotes and Alcxipharmica i (asnamely into the EleSuarium de Ovo, according to the Philitions of Augufia their receipt: but fot their dangerous qualitie thought fit by our Phifitions in the Pbarmacopca Lendinenft to be expunged and left out ) I thought good to fhew you them and the ufes they ate put to for the moil part with us: The fruit,as is generally feene arc fiat, round, of the thickneffe of halfe ones finger, almoil like unto Lupines but greater, hol- lowiih on the one fide,and alittle bunched roundon the contrary, of a grayifh colour with a kindeof Freefeor ioft Cotten covering the whole,and of lo hard a horny fubilance that they will noway bee beaten intopouther, Lac mull be grated on a (mail Spice grater, but take heed not to grate Spice thereon after. The chiefeft uie that they are put unto is to kill Dogs and Cats, and other creatures, by mixing (ome of it with their meate; as alfo togiveunto Crowes, Ravens, and other fuch like troublefome birds that by their noyfe difquiecmens ficepe or fiudies, or upon pleasure to drew thereof upon flcfh, a little Iprinkled over with Aquaviu, tied fail to fotnc flake or other fuch like thing, which will make them alter they have eaten thereof feemcas it weredrunke fora time, tumbling off from thepoaftor tree upon the ground, there fluttering for a while untill the operation is pall and then they will (lye away. Some that give it inwardly three or foure graines at a time lay that it expelleth pefiilentiali vapours from the heart, and procuteth fweate but not vomit as frrreas I can learne,notwithftanding the name,and therefore CMattkiolw would have it called Nux Canim rather then Vomica, Chap. XLV. 0 Uttummfive Tbux. White Frankumfcenfe.’ SagHe general! tenet both of old or ancient and new writers is, that the Fran cumfccnce tree do:h grow in [ M yet 'Diofcorides faith in India, but Garciae faith none groweth there; and as fonre lay, the Mirrheand Frankumfcnce grow inthe woods promifeuoufly together, but the defeription of the tree in particular was kept dole (as it was anciently related ) rtligiouflyby thole that gathered the Gnm, but thofe no doubt were but mcere fables and talcs to hold it in ellimation, as that of tljc icligious Affinan youth, flainc through envy, and therefore That the more accepted by the gods; for fince the rites of Gentilifme here cealed.and 1 urcilme crept in place, the knowledge thereof by acceffe unto places is as bird now as before, onely j heophrafiux faith the leaves are like Bay leaves : but Thevet maketh it like the Pine tree, and Garciax faith that it is a low tree with leaves like the Mafticke tree, and that the Gum of the mountaine fore is the bed, and Iaft— ly,/ obd and Pena in their Adverfaria give us the figuie of a f:range Icafe to bee the leafe of this tree which con- fneeth of a double fou Id from the lower end, where it is fmall and pointed, to the toppe being broad and wide, likeuntoa I unnell,having as ir were a fmall flippet or peece hanging down,which of all others is the mod unlik- >y t0 be the leafe of this tree,the forme being of luch an extraordinary iikenes.and may more likely be the leafe of c lafiw his Ltmtmio conger,i s I have before (hewed vou.I Athoi Tlmrifem. have therforc here given you the figure of the tree astap- The O'.ibanum, or Incenf: tree. d:t' cr.fii ierreth it forth.Some have thought that the bark of this tree may be the Narcaphthum (which as lome (ay fhould be rather Nafcaphthum) alThofcori&cs, and called Ihm ladaumfax the lewsulc it as Incen!e,and to fuch u- fes Diofcoriies faith it was applyed,and for the Mother in women. The Gum droppech from the tree in reafona- hr* : . I nrtp- i nrn t-nmiri (r\rrxr> Kternop 1 blc pic ntie into round pecce?, fome bigger and lefler then others, and fcarce any exceeding the end of ones thumbe, the bed is pure, without cycher barke,wood or any ocher thing, white, yea and the whiter the better, reafonable gummy or fat, not dry like Ro(Tin,and conluming quick¬ ly and wholly into fmoake. It is hot in the fccond degree anddry in the firffc and binding withail. It rcflraineth bleedings, (foppeth the laske and the Gonon hea,helpeth the memory,avoideth fadneffe and melancholy, and com- bjitcth the heart mixed with ocher tilings for thatcaufe; iris alfo very peflorall and good for the cough, for thinne rheumes and diftillations,and the Plurifie alfo,mixed with conferve of Rofes and taken falling, the fumes thereof when it is burned,b:ing taken in at the mou'h and nofc, the head being covered is very availeable both for the Cough of the Lungs,and thole thinne diftillations thereon caufing it: the fumes thereof taken beneath,or the appli. * cation of it in ointment,helpeth the Piles and the Tcnaf- w^,which is a difeafe provoking one often to the floole without doing any thing, it is a lingular good medecine for the redneffeand paines in the eyes, or in the eares: Mirrhca ndOhbar.nm mixed with the white of an egge being beaten and laid on the temples helpeth the Md- grome and paines in the head : it is of efpeciall ufe and ac¬ count in Baimes, Salves, Plaifters, and Ointments for wounds and Vlcers, after their clenfing to incarnate and healethem fpeedily,and in frafhiresof the skull mod ef¬ fectually, fo that the pia mucr be not perifhed. The barke of Tr I b r 17, The Theater of ‘Plants* C-ha r.46, 1603 of the tree was in former cimes in much ufe by the ancients but is utterly negleded now a dayes which was more drying and binding then the Gum it felfe : they had alfo CMar.na Thurii, which fome tooke to be a fort of that dewy Manna that is gathered from trees but were deceived, foricis but the fmall peeces of ponther of the Oli- bAnum which is broken by the carriage .* they tiled alio th cfaligo or foote of it when ic was burned being made as blacking for fhooesj&c. is made,but is wholly out of ule now adayes. Chap. XLVJ. Piper ejufque fpecies nigrum album longttm^&c. Divers forts of Pepper,as blacke 3 whiteand long, Sc c.' « Ow fabulous and untrue were the relations of Indian Drugs brought to the ancient writers, ‘DiofcorT des and others may be plaincly difcerned,by their defcripcion of the plant of Pepper, and the fruic thereof, for Diofcorides faith of it, that it growethonafmall tree, and that the fruit at the firft is long, which is the long Pepper, having within ic fmall graines like unto Millet feede, which in time grow¬ ing ripe becommech blacke Pepper, by fpreading forth the branches and the graines of Pepper upon ihcm as they are feene : and that the white Pepper is taken before ic is ripe, the roote is like unto the Co Jim and not to Ginger as fome fay,thus farre he : but the truth is farre other wife: for Pepper, whether blacke or white dif¬ fered! nor cither in manner of growing,nor in forme of leafe or fruitejthe long alfo groweth after the fame man- ner,but differcth in the fruit; now all the forts are fufficiently knowne by our Navigations and frequent tranf- ficke into the Eaft Indies, to grow each on a fcverall climing bud), but after one manner, chat is, as Hoppes doe with us, fothaciftheybenotfuftainedbyfometrcejpole^aneorthelike, whereon they may clime and fpread, will lye downe on the ground,and thereon runne and llioot forth fmall fibres at every ;oynt,as hath beene truely obfervedtbut the ufuall manner is to plant a branch taken from the bufli,neare unto fome tall and great tree, or as I fa id fome great Cane or fuch like, and fo ic will quickly by winding ic felfe about it (but not with tendrells as a Vine doth) get to the very toppe thereof,being full of /oynts, and fiiooring forth faire and fomewhat large leaves one at a Joync, being alraoli: round, but ending in a point, greener above and paler underneath, with a great middle ribbe, and foure other ribes fomewhat Idler, fpreading from it two on each fide, and fmallcr veines thereinalfountothe edges which are not denred butfmoothandplaine, not thickc but fomewhat thinne, and let on a pretty long footltalke, the fruit or Pepper ic felfe,whether blacke, white, or long, grovveth at the fame joynt,but on the contrary fide oppofitc to the leafe, and not bet weene the ftalke and the Ieaje, as fome have fajfly ier it downe roundabout a long fta!ke,lbmewhac thinly let all along thereon,or not fo thicke as a bunch of Grapes? une roote hath fundry ;oynts creeping in the ground with fibres at the /oynts, the white Pepper is very hardly Piper nigrum •v e I album. fiptrii albiracamus. Blacke or white Pepper, A branch of white Pepper. diSinguifM 1604 Chap.45- Theatrum ! Botamcum , T R I B E 17 diflinguifticd from the blacke by the very inhabitants and planters tkereof.untill itccrr.e toripercfTe (lorihc white and the blacke Pepper doe grow on ftvcrall trees or buffet Jbut that 1 he leaves are of a litile palergreene colour: the graines or berries are white, folid: or fiitr.e without wiincles, and more arcmaticall. CluJIm fir ft and "XattbkKa frcmhim would make a certaine Orange fiuit brought to Cluj «i to be the Btefma or Brnfma of Ditfco. ea and CtWicralfo as 1 verily thinke were deceived in this th’cir opinions, ro rides ,as Lil’.txot,x.caf. 22, frnCl. 4, but furely Cfrfiui and Baukiuur, y Tipet Lovgjm. Long Pepper. F i»8tu V'-ter Impm. ’Piper K-tticpictm Matthitli O' Piper eaniaeum Orietialt; tnattbielm 1 11 Etl jopian Pepper,and a kind of Eaft India* fruite called Pepper wich a taiie. thinke that Diofcoridei Brsfma was a fort of Pepper differing from theblacke.when as it is but the light graines o( Pepper that have 110 fubftance in them, as it hap¬ pens to many other graines or berries, fomc to idle and nothing worth, and therefore wee call it light Pepper. The long Pepper hath leaves very neare to the fame forme and largene(Te,buta lit¬ tle longer pointed, of a paler greene colour, thinneralfo, and with a fhorrer footftalke, and not having foure fo emi¬ nent ribs paffing from the middle one, as in the other, but foure or five on each fide or more fometimes according to the largeneffeoftheleafe, with many other fmiller veinesthcreinlikewifc, and of little lefle acrimony and hot tafte then the blacke : the fruite of this alfo grow- cth in the fame manner as I fayd before oppofite to each leafe at the Joynts, Which are dofer let together then in the blacke, fome being greater or IcfTer, fliorter or longer th:n others, yet none thicker or longer then ones finger, con¬ fiding of many fmall graines as it were fet clofe together jn rowes, and not open and feperate as in the blacke and white Pepper, of an alh colour when it is ripe Piper luxpsB mmt'Mum Af/iunum fivt Felftl caul Aiplr.i, Long Pepper of Africa. a i be i 7 * The Theater of Tlanti. Chap, 47, 1605 as is plainely feene in all chat is brought unto us. The blacke Pepper is of much ufe both with the Indians and other nations (or they uic to cate the leaves, chawing them a while and fpitting them out againe and che Pepper it idle a ltd doe they ule to chew, andfromthe branch take every graine one after another whiletheyare frefc and therein take great pleafure, we ufe it molt in our meats and iauces to feafon tl em, and becaufe it is moderat- ly hot, if not taken too much at once, it is the better accepted and more pleating to warme the cold ftomacke, and to llirrc up an appetite and to confumc crude and moifl humours therein, or dihilling from the head • it help - eth to breakeanddiffolve winde in the ftomacke or bowels, to provoke urine,to helpe the cough and other di- ieafes of the bread, and iscffccTuallagainh the bitings of Serpents and other poifons, and is therefore put into the great.Antidocs: but the white Pepper ai bring more hot, fliarpe, and aromaiicall is of more effect in medi- tmes.andfo is thejongall'o being mote ufed to be given for Agues to warme the ftomacke before the accede or comming thereof, thereby to abate the rigour and fhakingjall of them are ufed againft the Quinfie being mixed with liony,and taken inwardly as well asapplyed outwardly,,nd difperfeth che ke'rnellsas well in the tHroateas in any other part of the body. MatihMui inaketh mention of a kinde of Pepper, ashe called it Piper edEthiopmm TI F L ' or exEthiopicum brought with other wares from Alexandria into Italy, and groweth in long cods like beanes or pcale.but many cods fet together at a F lace.whofe graines within them being like Pepper both in forme and caffe a " ’’ but fmaller.andfticke very dofe to die infide : this fort Seraph fectcth downs by the name of Gramm Zelm which fome crronioufly tooke for Carpefium and fotne for eAmomtm. Momrdm alfo maketh mention ef a kinde’ of long Pepper thatgrowetb in all thctracTof the continent of the Weft Indies which is halfc a foot long, and of the thicknclfe of a fmall rope confiding of many rowes of fmall graines fecclofe togeiher asin the heart of Plan- fZl'T’ tane and is blacke being ripe, and hotter in tafte, more aromaticall and morepleafauc and fweetthen 0‘Pficnm ttnaelu and preferred before blacke Pepper, it groweth faith he on high trees or plants. Piper longumimriumum Africa/mm Jive Felfel tanil Alpine. Long Pepper of Africa; This ftrange plant Ihooteh from the roote a great many low round fialkes lo'mewhat likennto K ufhes bavin., here and there fome other fmaller lpringing from them, like branches almoft as thick as a finger,havin» thereon a te w fmall leaves in the Spring time, but quickly falling away.fcarcely abiding a moneth, and at the tops of fome of them come forth fmall whitifl, flowers, each (landing in a fmall longhuskc, in which after groweth the Led the Halites being cut or broken, yeeld out a whinfti yellow milke or juyce.of a very hot and burning tafte more then ordinary Pepper, Rananctthu,or Titbymall, which caufed Imperatm to re fet re it to the Tidy mat! Yec tome tooke it to be X t bra,or Carnarvon-! of 7 fytfii,Bauhimu cal Ictii it Piper Ionium angnftifi/iem ex Florida. Piper Caadatttm racemofum, Pepper with a taile in bunches A bout the yearc . 590, there was brought to Lifhbome by the Portugal, from fome parts of the Eaft In dies, which afterwards wee underftood to bee Gumney, a kinde of graine, which they called Time,;,a dll. rabo that is Pepper with a taile, and grew many together on a long ftalke, thicker fet, then in ;the ordina¬ ry Pepper, everyone by it felfe on a fhort footeftalkc, being blickifh, round, and firme like Pepper, with a little point or end, wherein it chiefely differed from blacke Pepper, and tailing hot, fomewhat like PepnerLut of a (harper and differing aromdticall rellifh, and a little Jeff* then the beft fort of Pepper, but with a rugged skinne thereon like it, whether it grew aficfthe fame manner of Pepper, none could tell that brought it.’bur 11 P r 9t ,s ble by the figbc of fome of the ftalkes, they feemed rather to grow from fome upright bufh. ’ihe *mg of Portugall forbad the bringing home any more of that fort.left it fhould.villtfic the other. Piper Canarinumcmum. A hollow kinde of Pepper of Canara. Garcia! 46 Orta, maketh mention of this kinde of Pepper, which in the Malabar language is termed of Ca- nara. It isa kind of hollow graine, of a blewifh colour on the omfide, and hiving fundry graines within the hollownefle thereof, which thepoorer fort of people doc cate, and therefore as it is thought called Caxariinum asityoufhouldfay Rufticallor Clownes Pepper for the mcaneneffe thereof, and therefore not ufed to be ex- Cha».XLVII. • Santahm album,citrinum if-rubrum. White,yellow,and ted Sanders. Eltave in our (l-.ops for our ufe in phyficke, onely thefe three forts of Saunders, whereof the white and the yellow arc lweet woods, and the yellow is the fwceteft, the red hath no fent. The Saunders tree,as Garcias faith, groweth tobe as biggeas the Wallnut tree, having frcfh’greenc leavesIikeuntothcMaftickc cree, and darkifh blewflowers, the fruitebeing like unto Cherries ,. . rt ., ze ? buc Without any tafte, blacke when they are ripe, ard quitkely falling away, the wood it felfe is without fent, as it is laid,while it is living, and frefh, and fmeheth fweetc onely when it is dry the white and the yellow woods, ate fohardtobe diftinguifhed before thattime, as it is (aid, that none but thole Indians that ulual/y fell thofe trees, doc know their difference before hand, and can tell which will prove better then others s the chiefeft part,and fmelling f weereft being the heart of the wood, and as the trees doe grow in feverall places, lo are their goodncfle, being more or leffe plentifull in the fubftance of the heart, for there¬ after are they accounted: The ancient Cjrccuni have made nomention hereof, but the Arabians onely, who generally Call it Sandal, but the Natives in thclfland Timor, andallche Provinces of Malacca, Cbandama, and thole or Ca»ar* :t D «7iK,and Surrat, SercAnda^ the Latines call that fort pallidum, which others call Citrinum from /Jvicen, whe'reckoning three forts, Citrinum Kubrum & Citrinnum alterumve gem ad albedinem quodnuU dam nominant Makaffan quodalij diutnt melim & valid#, wiiich words in Avic.cn explainc the word tMakJfgri which Garcias faith he could not underftand* and the/’ andettarij converted odcriferumi they of Malahar have a certainc lwcej£ wood like unto white Saunders ( as there are many.other fweete woods in ether places) bur yet is not the right, although they ufe ic as the true is,, and inftead thereof, calling [z Samhrane in the Malabar language. The red Saunders differeth much from both the former, both in place, :gro wins fatre one from ano¬ ther, and in formCj alfo colour and fent *, it differed! alfo from, the J 3 raffill wood, in that Saunders is neither Xxxxxx - ' fiveet? ‘Theatrmt Botaniam, p.48 T R I B R 1 7 Uveete in talk, nor giveth any Dye as the Braflill doth, and befides,the Saunders is heavier then it, and will finke in water, it is'allb a ha; derand (hotter grained wood, and more brittle in breaking Ihorr. They aie all both coo- lin” and cordiall, and ufed together in lundry cordiall medicines, but the white, and the yellovv are the more cordiall and comfortable by realbnot their l weeteneiTe, and the red more cooling and binding, which quality yet neither of the other want, although in a ldTe proportion, for the red is tried ol ten today defluxions of thinue nheume from the head, and to coole hot inflammations,hot gouts,and in hot agues, to coole and temper the heat: but the white and yellow arc both cordiall and cephalicall, apply: d with Rolewater to the temples, procuring eafe in the head ache, and are Angular good foi weake and fainting Romackes, through heater in the hot fits of agues alio, they are very profitably applycd in Epitbemes or Fomentations, both for the (fomacke, and fortne (pities, and palpitarionsof the heart, which alfo doe confforc and ftrengthen them, temperate the melanchoily humour, and procureth alacrity and mirth, which qualities are attributed to the yellow more then the white, which is ufed more to flay andbinde fluxes of the fperme in manor woman, for which purpofe, cither the peu- ther taken in a rcareegge or mixed with other things for the purpofe, orfteeped in red Wine, and kept in an hot Balneo. or in hoc embers clofe flopped all night, and drained forth and dtunke in the morning and evening, both ftayeththc Gonorrhea, or running of the remes in men, and the whites in women : applyed alio to M a ides or womens great brefts, mixed with the j'uyce of Put flane.abateth their greatneffe, and reprefleth their overmuch growing. Ch a?. XLVIII. Ffmdof.ir.tahiiCrcticA Aboliccndiflj, Ballard red Saunders of Candj, P/eJdo/iwata entic .1 AMicndiCU. 13?.lt.ird red Saundeis of Candy. His tree groweth in Candy, and rr.ac'e knowne to Alp”':a ,whole figure was fent him as I here lliew it you, with this de- fcription fr.!lowin’g.It is a tree that grow¬ eth to a rcafjnable great height,* ftraight upright, fumiflied with many arcies and branches, very bsautifull to behold, fet with faire grecne leaves one at a place, liki’untothdfe of Alatrrnur, butrouaderanddeeplier endented abotrt the edges: the flowers were not obferved what forme or colour they bore; but the iruitc was round, and of the biggeneffc of Pepper comes, of adarkegreenifh colour which were not perreftly ripe,when this tree was found. The wood it felfeisfomewhat fwcetc, hard, and reddifh fb that it fec- med like red Saundersefpeeially being made into pouther from whence I thinkc faith he, Jt may ncftmfltly be called BaRard red Saunders ol Candy, fbme of the wood faith c Pv*a, hath beene brought into Truly, and there fold for Sannacrs: but it differs from it in' that it is nothing fo hea¬ vy as the true ted Saunders is J ' Chat. XLIX. Sajfaphrae. The Saffafras or Ague tree. He firfl knowledge of this Saffafras or Ague tree cameby the French to ourChriftian world, and to the Spam.irdiby driving out the French , who had feated themfelves fomewhatneere the F/o- ridt, which they claimed for themfelves for they having gotten Agues, and fu ellings in their legges, and other difeafes by lying on the ground in the open aire by bad viffualls and raw drinke of water, as the French before them had, by a Frenchman that remained among them, were taught the life of this tree, which he and his Country men had learned before ofthe Natives, to Tbs Theater of 'Plants. C h a F.50, Sa^j/rfZJ. The Saflap hris or A guc tree T RI B * 17. to helpe themfelve; in thefe extremities t fome Indians cill the tree P 4 «' 4 »e,and Come H'mnnh: butt he Trench C whom the Spaniards and all other Nations fince that ufe it follow ) SaJfafrM, upon what ground or C aufe is noc knowne. The tree groweth great and tall, bate of branches unto a realonable height coveted with a rravilh browr.e barke fomewhat thicke,being in carte hotter and quicker then the wood or roote by much : towards the toppe it fpreadeth forth many goodly armes and branches into a round compandor forme, havirw large darke greene leaves growing thereon one at a place : handing on the contrary (ide,each to other, taftinglike the roote but more weakely, fome tut into three divihons, fomewhat refembling Figge tree leaves, but kiier by the half? for the mod part, with a middle ribbe running through each divifion, and two others to the inner cuts with veinesbefides, and fome with little or nodivilion at all upon them, for both forts wee have feenegrowfri the fame tree, fmooth alfo and noc dented about the edges t the flowers are fmall and yellow made of tl,reds like to the Male Cornel tree as MaftnUhnTradefcant laith vcr i and the fruite fmall blackifh berries, fee in fmall cups upon long fooreHalkes many clnftring together: the rootesare noc very great nor grow deepe, in the like manner as all other forts of Indian trees doe, but are covered with the like brownifli barkc-y that the trunke and branches are but fomewhat redder, which are mod in ufe, being of greater force and efficacy then any oth^r part of ;he tree,and tafle fomewhatfpicelike, rellifhing Pennell feede withall, but Clupns comparethtHe tafte thereof unto the herbe Tarm- and is hot and dry in the beginning of the third de¬ gree, The dccoftion whireof is familiarly given in all cold difeafes andobltiuftionsof the Liver and fpleene,as alfo in coldrheumes and deftuxions ofthchead, on the teeth, eyes,or lunges, warming and drying up the moi- fture, andftrengthning the parts afterwards, and there¬ fore is availeable in coughes, and other cold difeafes of the breft,(tomacke,and lungs, and reflraineth catlings, and hefpeth digeftion, breakethandexpellcth winde, the gra¬ ven and done in the kidneyes, and provokech urine, and womens courfes, it alfo wahneth, hcateth, arid dryethup the moifture cf womens wombes, which is in mod the caufe of birrennefie, and caufeth them to be the more apt to conceive: it is of efpeciall good ufe in tertian and quo ■ tidian agues that come of humours, ©rare of long conti¬ nuance.* it is thought alfo to be good in the time of the ptftilence, to weare fome thereof continually about them, that the fmcll of it may cxpell the corrupt and evil vapour* of thepcdilence * it is generally ufed in all the difeafes that come of cold and raw, thin, and corrupt humours, the JVm -6 difeafe, and other of the like foule nature* the In* dians ufe the leaves being bruifed to heale their wounds, and fores of whatfoever quality they be. C H i L. Spermaceti. Parmaficty. jPermauti, that it the fpawne of the Whale, ufually called in PngJ.ijh Parmafitty, is found in the head | of onconely fort of Whale fifli called Trump*, which hath no finnes in his mouth, but teeth about a ! fpar.ne long, and as thickc as ones wrift .■ it lyech in 3 hole therein,as it were a Weil, whichistaken • out and brought home, after their fifhing for Whales, in barrels,and 19 afterwards prefled in a preffe, that the thinneoyle may runnS from the thicker fubftance, which is thac Parmaficty weufe, and the more it is prefl’ed the whiter it will be, and of little or no fmell, yet the oyle is fomewhat ftrong ; this fort of Whale hath but one hole in the head, whereby it fpouteth out water, all other fortshaving two, his head is bigger theno- thers, and bigger then his whole body bcfidcs, which is alfo of a more gray colour: in chis Whales entrails, Ambergreife is laid often to be found in more plenty then in other, which it is more hkeiy that they fwallow as food, finding it fwimming on the Sea water, then that it fhould breed in them, asdiverfehave fuppofed, fori have here IhevVed you the generation of Ambergrecie: this Whale alfo yeeldeth a kind of oyle,as other Whales doe, but it groweth both white and hard, when it is cold, when as all other art liquid like oyle,and never gravlf hardlike it, and therefore it is alwayes kept by it felfe,and not put to others. Caiiij Jixxxxx 7 i6o8 Chap.52, 'Tkeatrum Botanicum 1 RIE E 17 C K A P. LI. Tacamahaca, Hie Gum Tacamahaca. HisGum, which tlie Weft Indimscall Tacamahaca, the Spaniards ana all other Nations retaining the fame name,is laid to be gathered from a great tree like unto a Poplar, that is, very fweete having a red Iruite or berry like unto thofe of the Teon], more we cannot as yet leame of it. The Gumme is of good and much ule for outward remedies, not being knowne to be given inwardly for any in¬ firmity, although I doubt no; but that it might (safely and to good purpofe, if judgement were j'oyned with the triall thereof,but as it is now generally ufed, it fervethmucb, yea and mod of all in womens difeafes to retaine the Mother in its place, by laying a plailler thereof upon the navell: as alio when it rifetli up and is ready to ftrangle them, and for theflrcngthemng thereof, fomeput Muske and Ambertoit, or alittle Civet in the middle oftbe plaiiter: This Gumme being (pread on leather and applyed to the fide or ipleene, that is growne hardand windy, diifolveth the tumours, difperfcth the winde and bringeth much cafe and hclpe tothedi.qui¬ eted part, and is no Idle effcftuall in all tumours,griefes, paincs and torments in the body or j'oynts,proceeding of cold raw,and windy humours, applyed plaftcrwifc thereon: to be applyed to the flomacke, with a third part olStorax, a little Ambergriefe, andfomewaxc, isafingular lielpe to llrengthen the weakeneffe thereofto hclpe digeilion, to provoke the appetite, and to difiolve wind : itis of excellent ufc in the head-ache, and to llrengthen the braine and memory, asalfoin all defluxions from the head, into the face, eyes, eares or teeth crufing fwellings therein, with paines.rednefle, and much perplexity, to b* applyed to the cemples, or put into the eare, tyed in a little fine filke or cloath it helpcth alfo all running humours,and paines thereby in the (houl • dersorarmes, or any other part of (he body, the/cynts hkewife, goutes and Sciatica, giving befides the fcat- tering of the humours, much eafe oftbe paines, andhy the adriftion whereof it partaketh not a little, dreng- theneth the parts wonderfully againfl the virulency of the humours: it maryelioufly helpeth all punflures and wounds in thejoyms, and thatfpeeddy, healing them and hindering any fpifme or convulfion that may happen therein, fo thac this gumme ferveth as a remedy in mol outward griefes that doe not rile from much heate and yet therein is not defeflive, being warily applyed, that is in the declination of the brace rodifeuffe thofe humours thatremaine : forbeing hot to theentrancc of the third degreeand dry in the fecond, with much attrition alio, it is moll proper for thoie before recited griefes, and others of the like property. The choyfe oftbe bell is, thac it be pure and cleans without drolfc, cleareaUo, in fome fort ofa whitifh browne colour, and more whitifh in fome parts, of no llrong but a little quicke and fliarpefenc, and quiekely confuming into fmoakc being call on quicke coales. Chap. LI I. Terra Lemma velfigillat*. Terrafigillata or fealed earth. Hceufe this is, andhathbecncadruggeofmuchrefpe£tandufcinphyficke, although no herbe, I could not over pade it, but (hew you the thing, and the many doubts and falfifications with the u- festhereof, that my Brethren in profedion, andallothersalfo that fhall have occafion to ufe ir, may both know the right and refulc the counterfet and falfe : for that is the whole fcope of my labours in this Worke, via.. to enforme all oftbe genuine and right things, that they may defire, and know them, and alfo the belt true ufes whercunto they ferve, Firil for the Place it is cer- cainely agreed by all that the Ifle of Lemma feated in the ty€gean Sea,called by the Italians and others in theft dayes StaUmene , was in all former ages and yet is in thefe times, the place where onely this earth is to be had, which hath beenc and Hill is of much eftimation in phyficke, for the excellent Ver¬ mes therein above all the carthes in all other places, and therefore the feve- rail ages had femall rites whereby to ennoble it the more; Diofcoridcs faith of his time that they ufed to mixethe blood ofaGoate with the carth,which Gain in his time (which was long after Tiofcoridcs) being dcllrous to know, and what proportion of blood was put to the earth, he lailed twice to Lemnos for that purpofe, but miffingof the place the firfliimc, atthefe- cond he came both to fee the piece from whence it was taken, and the man¬ ner of ordering of it, which was differing from JDiofcorides his relation, for neither blood nor any thing elfe was mixed there with, and Galen as he (aith himftlfe, was laughed at by the people of the better fort, who well under- flood the courfe of their Country for many foregoing ages, for atking fuch » queflion of the mixing of Goatee blood with it: but the Pried that was then ready prepared to fetch home a cart full thereof, upon his arrival! there, onelvcaflacertainenumber of Wheats- and Barley cornes to the earth, as a pacification therewith, and Ions cciemonious rites, accordingto the Re¬ ligion of his Country, caufed it to he carry cd home, where, having put it in¬ to water, they wadred the pure earth from the Hones and (and, or any other thing in it, which afterwards being dry againe, they make icinrofmall cakes, fome bigger or Idler then others, and feale them with the figure ofaGoate, the badge of Diana ; and therefore they were called Sphragida chat is [tgillnm capra, or Sphragii Lemma figilltm Lemmum, and the La- TcrraLmr.iavcI 5fists. Tr i b e 17. The Theater of "Plants* Gha p,55„ tines Terra Lemma or Terra Thofe rites ofGcntilifme being ccafed, others were brought in and Hied by the Chriftians, and when the Venetians were Lords of this ifle, asof'many other in thofe Seas, they impofed thisorder, ihatbutoncly oneday in a yeare the earth fbonld bediggedand carryed awayto be ufed: Forbid¬ ding any upon great penalties to take any privily without leave : which cudome the Turkes Ariflly obferve to thisday, but the hill in this Hie is much controverted, being fufpedted not to be the fame from whence the earth was taken in G alerts time, yet the Greekcs of the Iflcalfirmeconftancly, they never heard or knew of any other place : The earth as galen faith of it in his time, was called of fom zMilcos Lemnia,Rubric* Lemnia : becaufe it was in colour reddifh like Rubric* Ruddle, but thar it did not colour the fingers, as Rubricit Ruddle doth, and this the Pried onely as is before Laid fealed: Another fort is the Rubrica which wee take to be our ordinary Bolearmoniacke, and fome thinke that out fined and bed Orientall Bole, is the true Terra Lemnia, becaufe ir is of the fame reddidi colour, not tainting the fingers, and that the Terra Lemnia or figiUata, thar we have in rhele times much differech from it, and very divers in it felfe one unto another, for fome is whirifh or very pale red, and thar in lurnpes or peeces not fealed, others that are fealed now adayes with Arabian Cha- rafters, which are interpreted Tin imaebton, that is Terra fgillata, are not without fome doubt of counterfet* tin,’, lb that of two and twenty forts of chele fmall cakes of lealed earth, which BtUmimt faith he had fought out and gotten in the (bops of the Druggids in Conflantinople, it was hard to judge which of them, or whether any ofthem were right or no, for as he faith, fome cakes were much greater then oihcrs, and fome of apalebrow- nilbcolour, ofa fatty fubdance like tallow, eafie tobe chewed, and without any grittineffe therein, which fome others have, that were more red, and fomewhat acidc in tade: Some againe had divers red fpots in a whi- tiiliearth; and fome (mell lo fweete that it may be thought tobe fo made ,• Andfome againe of a wan colour, tending to yellow, others very gritty betwecnc the teeth being chewed; chele and divers other varieties, dee fbewthatcovetoufnefTe (thisbeingofmuchcAeeme J isthecauleof counterfeiting, and befides experience flic weth us, that the earthes of fundryocher Countries are found to be of excellent properties, both to provoke fweate, to refid poyfon, and notably to dry and bind fluxes, catarrhcs,&c. all which are attributed to the bed Terra Lemnia, but Galen in hiscime had the tryall of the Bohu, or Terra, or Lapis Armenm, which you pleafe to call ir, for fundry elpeciall remedies wherein it was effeftuall, as alfo in a great Plague time in Rome, which he compared to that was in Greece in Thucjdidcs time, for as he faith, whofoever tooke of that Bolus Armeniut, dif- folved in thinne wine or water.werefavedifthey were to be faved, for no ocher thing couldif that did not tand therefore feeing we have fo little right Terra Lemnia or figi/laia wherein to trud, and fo much counterfet, where¬ of we have caufe to beware, my advife is rather to ufe the bed fine Bole ( which both in forme and quality cotn- meth necreit to the trued Terr a Lemnia,) then any other fubditute or new found earth, going under the name of the right, although they have divers good properties in them. Let no man impute this as a temerity in me, for could 1 be affured that we could have true Terra Lemnia, or that the true that no w is to be had were of that ex¬ cellency that Diofierides, Galen and others report of that in their times, I would fpare my advife andfpeakeo- therwife. Butfeeingl have commended thefine Bole forthe bed fubdicuteunto Terra Lemnia, leeme alfo de¬ clare unto you, although I have faid fomewhat before of Bole, the fpeciall ufesofboth of them, that by compa¬ ring their properties, you may fee how little they differ in quality: The chiefeft effeilofTcrra Lemnia, accor¬ ding to Diefcoridcs, is to refid the venomc of Serpents, and other deadly poyfons, for which caufe it is put into thegreae Antidotes againfl: them, and is goad alfo againd laskes and fluxes: but galen lerteth them forth more largely, for as he faith, having had a Booke given him when he was in the Ifle of Lemnos, by one of chechiefed men, containing all the properties of Terr* Lemnia , he (heweth that befides the remedies of venome and deadly poyfons, he had experience of the helpe it gave to thofe chat had eaten of the Sea H are, or of Camharidet, de¬ fending them from all the fits that doe accompany thofe that have taken of them, as slfo the biting of a mad dog, and that it wonderfully helpeth old fores that are hard to be cured, and frefh wounds alfo to confolidate them. The fine Bole of Armenia,Galen (heweth to be admirable effefluall in the plague, as is before faid, it alfo is lin¬ gular good in laskes, hlooddy flixes, and (pitting of blood, for the catarrhe,or defluxion of rheamc and thinne hu¬ mours upon the breft and lungs, and (liorcneffe of breath, marvelloufly drying and helping them, and Iikewile againfl the foule ulcers in the mouth, the ulcers in the lungs or other parts, and the fiftula in any, without applying any other thing that might clenfe it, or take away the callous skinne therein, this ontly dryed it, and healed imp. Chap, LIII. Turbith ifpcinarum. Theufuall Turbith. S Aving faid fomethirgbefore in the Claflis of purging Plants, concerning the various forts of Tur¬ bith, asdiversdidtakethem.andaccount of them, whereof I mcanc not to fpeakc againe in this place, but yet 1 thought good hcre.to fay fomewhat more of the true Turbith, which is a forraigne Drugge, and ufed in the Apothecaries (hops, not knownetous or any other cerrainely, that hath written thereof,what forme or face the plant cruely bcareth, whofe rooce it is: for although C] ac¬ tion faith,that he faw the plant growing greene and in flower (yet he faith himfelfe that it differeth from that which wc ufe in our fhoppes) which he detcribcch to have no great or long rooce, whofe flalkc is like untolvy, fpreadingontheground, of a fingers thickeneffe or more, and two hands long, and fome times much longer: the lesves irelikeuntothofeofthe Marfh Mallow, and fe are the flowers of a reddifh white, and fometimes all white, bur not changing three times a day, as fome report of it that part of the llalke that is next unto the rootc and is gummy, is onely ufed, the red being too fmall is of no ufei fometimes the rooteis gathered with the Italke, which is unprofitable, the flalke oncly being of ufe in Phyficke: the whole is jnfipidc without tafle : fo that you may perceive by this delcription, that this Turbith of garden, is buc the flalke of an herbe as it feemeth (but our Turbith in (hops is plainely deferned to be a rooce, yet fomewhat imall, and of an *Ch-co!our on the outfide, and whits within, having a pith in the middle, which h cut out and call away as un- Xxxxxx 3 profitable,, i6io> C h a p. 53, Tbeatrum Botanicum „ T r ib e 17. profitable, and fomepeeces, buc noc all gummy at che ends having no manifelt talk) which by bruifing of it whileitisgteene,ashe faith,yeeldcth forth a juycethat hardcnethintoagumme ; yet doth (jarcias appropriate this Turbith in his following difcourfe to that which was with them of daily ufe, laying that the Arabians,Per. fans,ini Turk's call it all by the name of Turbith, by the Indians in Surras, where it groweth plentifully 3 «r- camar., and in Car,am, whereof t/oaisa part Tigmar : Itgrowethalfoashcfaith in other places of India natu¬ rally wil'de: but that of Bifnager oc Cjoa, isnotufedby the Phyfitions there, but that of Guratate, which is the bed, from whence alio as he faith,it is tranfported into Perfia, Arabia,/!];* minor and TortugaU. In this difcourfe of Orci.K, I finde lome contrariety as Itake it, at lead luch intricacy, as maketh me doubt it was not lb advifed- ly written, as (o worthy a man ( whofe Workesandla- bours were as directions to pofterity ) (liould have done; for firft he faith that the (hike is of ufe, the roote is un¬ profitable, and yethc faith this very fame is both called Turbith, and ufed by the Phyfitions there, of all nations as the Turbith of the ancients, whichthatthe Indiansga- ther it to fell to the Merchants, that carry it into their Count' ies, and yet it was never feene that any fuch gum¬ my (hikes were breught into thefe parts of Chriftendome that I can learne, and iold by the name of Turbith. A- gaine.G,arena faith that this his Turbith is farre differing tro n that which the Arab:**: deferibe, and namely that of Mefetcs, .which he defccibcth with thofe notes that are mofi agreeable unto that Turbith that is every where to be found in all ou" (hops, and yet Cjarcia taxech him of erroniousdefenbingofit, as though thofe notes did not agree to the true Turbith that is brought out of the Eatt Indies,by the PoriugaUs, into Chriiiendome, when as we never law any other brought from thence, fothac I cannot fee how Qarciai can be ireed from the imputati¬ on of much overfight, thattooke his Turbith to be the (lalkes, and not the rootes of the Turbith plant: fori verily thinke his Turbith and ours to be all one, and that his errour rofconcly from being too confident on his Kinfmans relation thereof, to be the (lalkes, who ashe faith, informed him of the plant, the manner ofthega- thefing and ufage thereof by the Indians, and thathim- felfe was prclent with the Indians, and law the whole ordering of it, and is probable was but his ownc conceit and fained to make Garcia belceve it: for how elfe could that be differing from that of Mcfues, which verily is the fame with that, which as I thinke hath beenealwaies broughc us for Turbitb, and yet be the fame the Portugal brought with them from thence, to ferve all Chrilfen- dome. The notes of Afe/aa his Turbith, whichaslfaid agree fo juflly with ourTutbith.that you may know how to chafe the bed are thele ; but firit he faith that it is the roote of an herbe, which hath Ferula like leaves but lefie (which horn true it is I cannot fay, Me fuss peradventure never having feene the plant growing, giveth that note rather by information, which Garcias it may be fheweth by his owne fight but ol the roote, which ferved him for his daily ufe, he was an eye witnefleand teffifyethof it) and was of the kind of thofe plants that give milke (and yet not of any Tithymall for divers other plants give milke that arc not hot intaftc asthe Tithymalls) and was of divers forts, manu;ed.and wild,great,fmall,whi'e,blacke,and yellow, and growing in dry places as may be perceived by the thickeneffe of the juyee (the gumminefle he mcaneth) and both greater and fmaller tootes, white, and blackilh, and yellow, are many times feene altogether with us ( which blackneffe or ycilownelfe may come hy the ill dry ingot the roote, or the taking of fome wet in the drying or afcer)he maketh two markes sf the choyfeit : that it be w hitc (within ) hollow within like a reed or cane (that is when the hard pith of the roote is taken out) gummy with an alh-coloured barke or ouefide, fmooth, and noc rugged, cafie ro be broken, frefii, and not very great or thicke, which is not lo good, thefe notes doe all agree to our Turbith officinarum. Turbith is more ufed to be given in pou- her, and that leldome alone but mixed with ocher things, or elfe made into aneledtaary.then in decoCtion, and putgeth flegmc very notably, and tough clammy humours that fall on the joynts, or on thofe pacts that are more remote: it looleneth the belly of thofe excrements that (lickcclofe thereto, and clenfeth the bred from thicke flegme: it is very profitably given to thofe that haveadropfie, the Ieprofie, or the French difeafe, as alfo thofe that are troubled with thofe difeafes that tile from adult humours, the blacke jaundife and the like, it helpeth day agucspmd in generall all other difeafes bred oi flegmc, Turbid) ojfuin hum. Tlx ufuall Turbith. T Rl B E 1 J. The Theater ofTlants. Chap. 5^.. i6li Chaf. LIV. Vnicomtt five Cornu Monocerotii, Vnicorncs Horne. INicornes Horne likewife is a precious Iewell of highedeeme, and with Princes kept alwaves m !, their trealury to be tiled upon occafion for themfclves, whofe worth poore men could noteafily reach or attaine unto. There are divers beads that beare two homes both male and female, asthe Oxe, others the males oncly,as Dcere,Sheepe.&c. Some beare three homes, as certaine Oxen in India, as Solimu reportuh, and fome foure, as divers Rammis in (undry Countries hath beenc oblerved, yeccafualiy.notby kinde, and lomeagainc beare but one, whereof fomebeare it on their nofe, asthe Rhmoceros, and (ome in their forehead, asthe Indian wild A fie,with a whole hoofc as other Alfa have.where- of Arifh.ts and Pliny {peake, and Orix with a clovenhoofe, related by them alfo and Columella- asalfoccr- tauie Kme in ZeiU, a City in Ethiopia,mi Campb.tr , a certaine bead plentifully breeding in the Molucca Iflands that liveth both in the water and on land. Some other creatures alfo there are that beare but one home, as cer¬ taine Fiftns,breeding plentifully in the Indian Seas, whereof Vkrifto called ( which I take to be the Sea Vni- corne ) is one, and the Sword fids, and certaine birds in as lilww maketh mention rbutofallthefe creatures with one home, none are faid or found to have white homes but the Vnicorne (of the Sta as well as the Land) called by the Hcbrewes Rem and Reem (famoufedin the Scriptures)by Aviccn Achercbeien by fome other Arabian; Barkaran, by the Greekes Mmocerm, and by the Latines Vnkornm, f or fome are faid to’be black e othersred, deferibeth the Indian Affe to have his home to be whitifh at the bottome, reddifh at the toppe, and blacke in the middle •• the received opinion of che Vnicorne is, that it is a bead of the fife of a meane horle ( but I thinke it cannot be poflible but he muft be much greater, to beare fo large io long, and fo mailiea home, (uch aa are to be lecne in fundry places of Europe, (if fuch be the home of any bead; for as B'Uonim faith there are twenty whole homes, and as many that are not whole but broken, to be fecne in (everall places in Eu¬ rope, one whereof which is the greatefland mod noble, is thac which is kept in the Church of Saint Dtrnu by ram, which is (even foote long at the lead, fo that a tall man can hardly reach the toppe thereof with his hand, it weigheth 13 pound and foure ounces, no man can gra(pe it wholly in his hand, being five inches in the dia¬ meter or thickencfic, and an handbredth, and three inches in the circumference,it is ftraight like a torch or tlaffej but writhed aboutontheoutfide.fromtherighthand to the left fmooth, (moothand not bunched out, fave ai- the lower end next unto the head,where it is greatelf, and falling dill fmaller onto the end, of a brownilh colour on the outfide,but white hke Ivory within, without any line in it, and having but a ring about the outfidc, it is alio hollow at the bottome,a foote upwards, whereby it mayplainely be difeerned that it falleth not ofFofic owne accord, which maketh it to be ofthc more account ) the bead is faid to be of the colour of a Weafell or lomewhatmore red (yet fome fay grayilh) having a head like a Hart, the necke and maine not very Ion?, with thinne haires, and falling to one fide, with a fmall beard like a Goate but Idler and fhorter, the thi°hes and legs n °,! h ° 0fe Plrte il ,nd the taile like a Boare: but none of the auncient W riters, have made mention of any Phylrcall properties therein, c/Elttmt onely accepted lib. 4. c, 5 ,. who yet faith the home is blacke. The property of the Vmcornes home is chcifly to refid poyfon.and thebitings of venemous creatures, it is alfo given againd the piagiie ; and other contagious difeafes, to expell melancholly likewife, and to cherilh, exhilirate.and lirengthen the vitall (pints,and more noble parts. Ithathalwayes becne accounted of great worth, and not but for gieat perfons and Princes, for the bead being rare and feldome to be feenc or had, being iowilde and tierce that he is not to be made tame ( howfoever fome have written thatthey will grow milde at the fight of yong Maidens, and be brought to fleepe neere unto them) and the homes not robe had (in that they doe not in h, a w m M 0the u be,to doc) but by thedearh of , the beatl > th,t livcth fo krre remote from thefe parts,and in huge valt Wiiderndles among other mod fierce and wilde beads, Tigers, and Panthers, Sec. and Specially if the Indlans b ™t them not either for their pleafure.or to make any profit by them, the Merchants not lee- hl ho J m ffu thC h i?T eS 1 fa y’ mutl ncedes fae rarc and fcarce t0 be had > and of great worth and price, if they ,y whlch keepeth them in che more high edeeme. And therefore there want not Impoders, that for lucre and worke Ivory, and other homes artificially into peeces of fevcrall (hapes and formes, here hrfni u “ h ° rne ’?° man y 'gooranc perfons, but the true and right home is in part ddcribed ■ bul: t0 » dd c father, that the true home being broken,Iheweth to have fome thicke fouldes or coates one over another, the infideis white, though thcoutfide is not fo white but browniih, and a very fmooth game, without.any)ine veine,or curled waving therein, havingonelya circle fometimes about the cdgece . , Muth Vn,cornes home as they fay,is to be had with our Druggids and Apothecaries,which is in (mall ong round peeces, fome no thicker then ones finger or thumbeatthe molt, or leldome bigger, that is very white fomewhac heavy and folid, with a fmooth graine, which becaufe I cannot thinke fo much of che right wberher 1 ,^"^ IT* C0 bebad f° read ''y> and ‘mail > I verily beleeve it to be of the Sea Vnicorne, which whether it hath that efficacy that the other is faid to have I know not. , „ “ laf ° me 'y hat P roba . bIe t h « even ad thofehomes formedy mentioned both in France, Venice, or elfe- ; and th « alio of our Kings, kept at IVmJ( 0 r, 0 , the Tower, is but of the Sea Vnicorne, for even fuch as . £ dePcrlbed waabr ° u g bc h ° me b y a Slr Vudlep 'Digger,is I take it found on che ffiore.and cad up by the Sea ons f and nrherv tbe N° rth ,- Well < »" d g lv “ Co °ur King Charier , who for the cryall caufed his Phyfiti- u V,eW r‘J and ™ kc repor ' thereof 'o b ™. And my felfe having feene it, did well perceive it graine - The ho n rne'w« flde ’f n || b ' tnan . ner bef “ re , faid - a " d W“ wondcrous white within a!fo,and ofa clofe firm® § me ' 1116 hornc was not ful| y whole, but broken oft a little at the end,and hollow at the bottome. Ch ap>55- Tbeatrum 'Sotankum. R IB * 17 Chap. I.V. „ Zedoaria & ZcrHmbith. Setwall. ^He Setwall that we haveufually in our fhops, doth not alwayes hold one uniforme face and fafhion, i but divers, (or fome is thicke and (hort. others more long and round, fbme great,others fmall.lome whole, others broken, as it isufuall in all things almoft, either forraigne or domefticke, and yet thie feverall varieties offormes, being of lo little difference cannot make them leverall things, e- fpecially feeing their taile and quality is all one.or but fo little differing that any judicious may foone determine the conttovet fie. Garcias ab Orta di[lingui(hethberweeneZ> as had beene purged with Rub, rbe, this hath becne often tryed. ofrootes were the fame or very like unto fuch as was fent him by a friend by the name were [alike * ? ^ ^ t0 ° ke “ be noother then thebtanches of Atragene or V>orna of that Countrey,they Chap. LXXR Rhabariarum Americanism. Rubarbe of America or Weil Indie Rubarbt. 0 «W«J faith, that among other things were fent him out of the maineof the Weft Indies he had a peece ofa roote which they called there by the name of Rubarbe, and was very like the Eaft In¬ dian kind, for as hee faith it was round, with a browniih coatc and reddifh core or infide, which ... , H ^‘"8 broken, had fome whiteneffe mixed among it, and coloured the fpittle yellow like Saffron, beingbitterwithall hut what ieavesubore waanotfignified. Thisisnotthe white Rubarbe of America, fat tnit as is layd in its place it cfjc MechiActn, 9 Yyyyyy * CtSAPe l6zo Chap. 7? Theatrum Botankum Tr IBB 17 Chaf. LXXlf. Carlo Sar.ao. The IndianHoppe-likc pnrger, |Vt of the Province of Mexico commeth this roor which they there call Carle Sar.cto, for whatcauleis not well knowne, icgroweth after the manner of Hoppes, diming on poles or other high things, or el he it will lye on the ground : the leaves are like unto Hoppe leaves, of a very fad greene co¬ lour, and of a dro'ng heady fent: it is not knowne whether it beare eyther flower or fruite : the roote is great at the head',having fundry fmaller (prayes ifluing from it, each of the bigneffe of ones grea¬ ter finder and white, the barke or tinde whereof is eafily feperated from the rdf, and is of mod ufe, fmelling lomewhat fwcet.and tailing bitter and fomewhat fharpe withall: the pith of the roote confideth as it were of many fmall and very thinne filmes which may eafily caitoSanBe. Tlielndian Hoppe-likepurjer. be iepearated one from another: it is hot and dry in the beginning of the feconddegree. Thebarkeofthe roote being a little chewed in the mouth draweth downe from the head much flegmc, whereby rheumes catarrhes and dedillations therefrom are voyded, and the parts much eafed of paines and other griefes, in fomealfoitcaufetha vomit, avoyding thereby much choller and flegme from the ftomacke, that opprelfed it before and (trengthned it afterwards, thedecoflion thereof worketh better thereon j if a purgation fitting the perfon be taken before this evacuation upwards, it will doe the more good the barke being chewed he I peth loofe gummes, putrid and rugged teeth, and maketha (weete breath, .but ic were good to walk the mouth with a little wine afterwards to take away the bitterntffe: the pouther theieof taken in a little white wine, or the decoffion thereof with Maiden haireand a little Cinamon eafeth women of the obdruflions of the mother, the (laying of their couriers, and confumeth winde in their bodies being formerly purged and prepared,and uCmg Li^Hidamiar & Vng Dtalthc* of equall parrs mixed together;to annoint the lower parts of the belly all the while: the fame alfo helpeth the Simp- tomes of the heart, as fwounings and other the paffions thereof, cfpccially riling from the defefts of the mother. This decoftion likewife is very beneficiall for them that are fo troubled, that is to take two drams of the barke, and boile it in three pints of faire water, putting in at the end thereof foure dramrr.es of the barke of Pomcitrons and two dramtnes o! Cinamon, which afterwards being drained, fix c unces of this decoftion is to be taken with a little Sugar every morning, the body being purged beforehand. This pouther and decoftion is commended likewife againd the French difeafe, theEpilepfie or falling ficknefle in the younger form the pouther thereof hath beene often found to caufe women to have a fpeedy delivery, and to take away the paffion and faintings in their tedious travailcs, being taken either in wine or in tome Orenge flower water, the continuall ufe thereof hath beene tryed to amend a cold and weake Aomakc, and to helps Inch as could diged no meate : the like ufe hath given remedy and perfeft cute to thofe that have beene burden, fo that they have notuledany Truffe to themfelves being perfefty helped thereby. Chap. IXXIII. Fain five Phafeolifurgantts. Purging Beanes. FaUpvt rhaJcotifUTgWes. PurgingBcanel. Onardtu fpeaketh of ermine purging Beanes that grow about Cartagena and Nomire do Dio/very ,\ .Jk D ijjjg un[0 our or c)j n ary Beines but lcfler,with a thinne outer skinne, dividing it in the mid¬ dle which was to be cad away, lead it might procure too violent evacuation both upward and downe- ward, even to the hazard of life. Wich the Indiansthis is a famous and familiar medeeme, purging without trou¬ ble flegme, and choller,and grolfe humors, and that very gently, the quantity to be taken is from fou.e of them or more according to every ones abilitie, but you muft regard that every one of them bee coded well before they be ufed, but Clufun faith he could never fee (uchbeanes as are here deferibed, but hath bad a certaine kind of Phafroli Kidney beanes fent him under the name of Falapurgatricos, whofe figure is here exhibited, being round and flat on both (ides, about a fingers thicknelfe and two in breadth or more, yet a little hollow on that fide where it grew to the huske : the outer haskc is hard, and in a manner woody, fmooth, and of a darke red cq- four, being white,and of a firmc fubftance withi* parting P Tr r b a 17, The Theater of TlantSi Cha P.74, 1621 into two as mod other puHes do,of the like tallealloat the firrt.but quickly hot and (harpe upon the tongue, from whence commeth as it islikly the purging quality:bccaufeinfomeforttheferefemblethe forme ot a heart.there- fore iome called them Cor Divi Thorns, Saint ThomM hearts,and betides becaufe they grow in Saint Thomas Itland. C’/b/bk thinketh that this is the Beane of the Pbajiolw Bra[ilin»s, whofe pods I have (hewed you in page 1057, CMdnardui alfol'peaketh of purging nuts, which he calleth AveUeuie purgatrices, which grew in StMaTTomingo Avtttant that were very like untoHafell nuts, but three l'quare and browne on the outfide, with a tough thin fhell P“ r £ 3 "' /e r the kernell being white and fwcete withal!, whereby many were deceived: for they purge very violently both upwards and downewards cholleratid flegtne, even almoft to the danger of life, which by rcrafting of them before the taking is avoyded: they helpe the Chollicke, and expell winde, and ate often put into gliders for that purpofe; but I have knowne a glider givrn in this manner togood purpofe: a glider being ready to he given with a bladder.thefmallend of a Tobacco pipe was put into the bladder and tyed (but fo that it mightbeedrawneclo- fer after the pipe is pulled out) that had Tobacco in the Bole, which onely blowing the fmoake thereof into the bladder and lo given hath given prefent eale. Chap. LXXIIir. faal'm Thcvcti. Momboziu Antidote or Counterpoyfoni Tidraas Thevct mentioneth this herbein his Co/mograpty to grow in the Idand of (J Wombat.*, ha¬ ving many leng leaves like unto I Elecampane, which Ifland as it |aboundeth with many Angular good herbes, both for meate and medecine, lo it doth alfo with venomous Serpents: for whofe remedy it is alfo efpe- cially provided of other powerfull herbes,a- inong whomthis one is accounted a principally the experience whereof faith hee I have feene upon divers neople bitten by a mod vi¬ rulent Serpent, there called tsilefah, part¬ ly living in the waters and partly upon land, whofe venome was prefent death, if the pa¬ tient were not ftiddcnly fuccored here¬ with. HiiaUai Thevtti. Momlapa s Antidote or Countcrpoyfatt- Chap. LXXV. Herb j MaThcm*. The poorc mans Chirurgery.’ His herbe rifeth ufoaliy to be two or three cubits high, but in more fertile places to be above five cu¬ bits, ofafrefhgreene colour, the dalke is flender weake and hollow, leining unto fometbing to uphold it,orel(eitwilllyeonthe ground, where it will take roote againe, it fpreadeth into fundry branches, having tender foft leaves thereon like in forme and bigneffe unto Elder leaves,but dented about the edges, the flowers are like Camomill but all yellow and greater; it is greene all the yeare through; thole of Canaria call it Brungxrss nmd**, and the vulgar fort, Poore mens remedy and Chirurgiona bainc,becaufe the common people oflndiadoe generally plant it being naturally of (JUTahca, and ufe it for all hurts, eyther alone or mixed with other things that ferve fofthe purpole : the manner whereof is thus, They boyle the bruifed leaves in oyle, which after it is well boyled and drained they make anointment thereof with a little yellow Wax; and herewith they dreffe their fores,be they old or young, blooddy, putrid, malignant or Sdulous, and efpecially is good in the foule fores of the legges, Another way they have to ufe it by taking the middle ot inner rinde,the outermoft being taken away, which is ascalily done as. in Hempe, and annotating Yyyyyy 3 ' ' it T hsatrum \Botanicnm , 1622 Chap, 77 Tribe 17* ic wichtheoyle of the Indian Nut, they rowle ic in the leaves thereof, and roll ic under the hocimbers, which being growne foft,they beate it and then apply it to all luch wounds and fores aforefaid, which ate perfectly cu¬ red within a fewdayes, without inflammations or Impoftumes, to the wondet of all that knew it not before: it like wife eafeih all paines, and ftayeth all fluxes of blood, and is a Angular helpe to the joynts that aie pricked or wounded, and briefly ferveth the people that ufe no other remedy tohelpethemfelves in any cafe of neceffity, wiihout the tile of a Chirurgion, andtruft thtreto as unto an undoubted remedy; theoyntmentis carryed into fundry other Countryes alfo. Another herbe called CfBte//is dike unto the Evonjmuf Pricketimbertree, whole leaves were thicker, harder,and gree¬ ner, and alwayes abiding gretne on the tree ; the fruite is called and is fomewhat bigger then T RC B S 17. TheTheater of 'Plantf. C h a r.8o. IC23 then an Hazell Nut and longer, round alfo, and poin¬ ted at the one end, furrowed alfo on both fides, yet on one fide more conlpicuous then the other, that it might be parted into two, in each fide whereof lyeth a final! long white kernel!, fiat on that fide they j oyne toge¬ ther, covered with a yellovvifh skinne, of an acids tafte, and fomewhat bitter withall and contained in a thinnefhell, of adarkifh aih-colour: with thefe ber¬ ries generally in Arabia and Egift, and in other places of the Turk?! Dominions, they make a decoftion or drinke, which is in the (lead of Wine to them, and ge¬ nerally (old in all their tappe houfes.called by the name of Caava ; Pa/udamtu faith Choava, and Raurvolfin Cbanbc. This drinke hath many good Phyficall pro¬ perties therein: for it llrengtheneth a weake (lomacke, helping digeftion, and the tumours and oblfrudlions of the liver and fpleene, being drunke fading for fome time together. The Egiptiau, and Arabian women ufe it familiarly while their courfes hold, to caule them to pafl'e away with the more eafe, as alfo to caule thofe to flow that are flayed, their bodies being prepared and purged aforehand. Arbo/ Bon curt fructu j uh bun*- Turkes berry drinke. 3 Chap. LXXX. Cantu. White Nnts. Here groweth faith garc',as in divers places of Malavar, a certaine Plant which is fowen and hath the fruite thereofhanging downe from the branches that are like unto Hazell Nuts, but not lb round, and white o( colour, whole kernell is iweet fomewhat likeunto Mufhromes or Spanijb puSls when they are boyled and dreffed : they call it Q ttiviquilnga j„ Come places ( which Cm- mfyeth faith Gamas a finall Inhame, but Clttfms faith he knoweth it not, except it be ibeTrj/t dales, or fnnciaaveUa»ada ) and in MfUvar £W; R IBE 17 , Plantapitmdta armdinacta jpinof*, The winged thorny Reede. His Reedclike thorny plant came like wife with the two lad recited plants from che Wed Indict which was like a dafte of a Reede full Fhtta pinmra fpimfn & Kuhifatie fauico'd pUrita. Tlieftirre Tki/lle-iikc pLint of ^i»rricB t nothing elfe but a milky j'uicc or liquor growne thicke.and hereby the Arabians do dill call thac concrete or . e- ned liquor that groweth betweene the joynts of this Reede or Tree , but the Natives of Sacar Mam. bn, that is Sugar of Afambu, but is nor found in a:l places as CjaraM faith, rut m Ei[nagar, ^ a 9 and fome part °of CMalabur chiefly, and is fecnetobecof fundry colours, as w ' u f e Starch which is the beft. yetis it found fometimesof an afh colour or blackifli, which yet is not to be miflir'Cd for loir is to be a en out of the Canes,and hath beene in former times eftcemcd of the value of filve. ,and yet holdeth a Rreat price t n with the Indians,&c.there had neede therefore of great caution of cling Sjiodium (as it is takenj in the rasans medreines,which are for the mod part all inward which is farre differing from Tab.txtris you here fee, an all is taken for the fitted Aittifptdiim, and thofe other of Oxe bones burned and the like to be utterly cad away. n. tree hath leaves faith Garcias like an Olive but longeruhe properties whereof are cffccduall cythcr in outward or inward heates, hot cholletick Agues and fluxes that come of choller to coole, temper and binde them. And.now that I have (hewed you all the Phyficali herbes let me defeend to the trt es and prepofe them that have de „ andpleafant fruits, that you may caketherein fome pleafure to mix with the profitable or admirable that Ihall follow: >nd the firfl that I will propound as qarciu faith is thechiefed snd choyfed fruite m all the Indies^ T R I B * l 7 - The Theater of 'Plants. Chap. XClI. Mangas, Ills Indian hony Plumme. Ca.AF.92, IO^I His tree groweth tall like a Peire tree, with fomewhat lone leaves, more like n„, ■ a Plumme: the flowers grow from among the leaves, many being fcc on a ior» footrf" the long Birds Cherry, or duller Cherry, after which follow the fraffe r' ,ke as almall Melon and weigh neere about two pound, theleffcr aboutthe bigneffe"Fa’eonte egge and others betweene thele Gzes, as the climates and fertility of the foikeaufeth them all of a yellowifh greene and fome reddilh. when th^Tre“pe QtinhJgwiri half fincllmg vcTywdl ^Sil^ ter kernell within : Some trees beare twice a yeare,in the Spiine and Fall • hnrc.™erali r, C ’ ^ whlte b,t " tothchcate, and temperatenefle of the Cimat^even from are found in many Provinces of India,as Malabar Balaoatc and Bene .la , e P ac 5 ° ran °thor. for they which are accounted the bed, and called generally ^ ’ l ' C ' , ^ ra! ^i->MaUca,Goa : Sc Ormut., Mangas by the Indians, yet by fome Ambe. and by the T urkes and Per [tans Amba. The fruite is orde¬ red many wayes, as either prelerved in Sugar, or pickled up like Ollives before they be through ripe, anda>ethenfomewhacharlh and binding: or ea¬ ten Felh, being cut into dices and dipped in Wine or without and io eaten. They are cold andmoift, and yet the Indian Phylitions, as weiiasthe vulgar doe hold them to be hot, faying they breed chotle- ricke fcavers,inflammations,itches,and fcabbes, un¬ to all which difeafes they are fub/eft, which eate none of them at all, in refpeft of the heate of the yeare,whcnthofe fruites arc chiefely ripe and are eaten. ^ ad«j?, Mangas. The I ndian Hofi) Plumme.' Mantas pvs pjjitulo. Chap. XCIII. Genipat . The twining American Peach. |His tree is ofewoforts, the fruite of theohe is edibleand greater then the other, which is not to be eaten bearing leaves like the Walinut tree, and fruite at the end of chehranohes, being both forco- lour arid bigneffe iike unto Peaches,one let upo 1 another in a wonderfull manner: that which is not ediblehathacertainecleareblewillr/nycethcreinlikcuntolndico, wherewith the Savages dye or colour their tiodyes when they hiveany loiemne meetingof friends,or goe to the (laughter of their enemies, and they with this ornament rhinkc themfelves as finely decked as wc in our bravcil Hikes. Z 2 Z1 Z Z S Chap fill ’Tbeatrum Uotamcum T R I B E 17 163 a Chap.94. Chap, XCIV. GuMubumu Ovitdi. The Indian Scaly Muske Melon. ft is delicate fruite groweth on a goodly tall tree in fundry places in the Weft Indies,Whole wood is bnt weakc, having large and long leaves.like unto thole of the Pomccitron tree,and very greenetthe fruite is fomc- Goamiaow Omtdi. time,asbiggea9any Melon, and fometimes of the large- The Indian Sea yMmke lean, nefleofa middle fixed Melon, covered with a thinne fcaly greenitli rinde, fomewhat like to a Pineapple for the forme, which may as cafily be pared away as a peare, the mcite or pulpe within is very \v hic;,fweete, and delicate, and relenting in ones mouth like unto creame : the fcedes within are gteat, like unto Gourdes feed,but fomewhat larger and blackifh,and are dil'perfed through the inner pulpe. This fruite is cold and moift, and therefore of efpeciall ufe in the heart of the yeare to coole their third, and giveth no offence to the ftomacke, although one fnould eate an whole one. Ovicdut mentioneth another fruit called Anon, which he compareth with the Guanabanw, faying that not onely the tree, but the fruite are very like but exceedeth it in goodndTe,being of a firmer fubftance. Thivn maketh mention of one very like hereunto called by thole of the Hand of Zip*’’!'* where it groweth Chivcj ,which in the tyi-Mc^tongue fignifyetha Figge. The branch being ripe is yellow, and very pleafant in talle, like unto Manna, melting in ones mouth, containing leede with¬ in them like unto thole of Cwcombers. The lcafe is very round and greenc. Chap. XCV. GuintbtrM Scaligeru The Sthiopim Come Gourde. a faire great Guanabanm Scaligci. The Ethiopi.in.fowrc Geurde. He Ethiopian fowfe Gourde groweth in and other partso CEthiopia, on tree, having large frefh greenc leaves,larger then Bay leaves,Se comming neereft to thofe ofthe Pomccitron tree, the flowers are of a pale whitifti colour, and the fruite as great as a Melon, but longer then it, and ending in a round point, whofe rinde is hard and thicke, with fundry ribs thereon, and covered with a greenifh freeze or cotton: the pulpe or meate wi;hin is whitifh while it is frefh,but fomewhat reddifh being dry, and then is very brittle al- fo, that it may beeafily rubbed intopouther, having di- verfe large feed running through it of the forme of a thicke (hort kidney or the feedesof AnagyU, the great beane Trefoile faftened therein with fmall fibres to the hollow middle part which pulpe as well dry as greene is of a pleafant (harpe talle, yet more tart or fowre, when it is dry then greene-- this is ufed in the extremities of the hot weather to coole and quench third,and is cffeiftu- all alfo in all putrideand peftilcnciall feavers, the pulpe or j'uyce thereof taken with Sugar, or the dryed pouther put into fame Plamai.ne water, or the decoftion or infu- fion thereof, both for the aforefaid caules and to (lay the fpitting of blood, or any other hot (luxe of blood or hu¬ mours in man or w'oman j tnts is very like to be the Aba- vs t (, at Honor,IK Bella writeth of in his fourth and fifth Epiftlesto ClufiiK and the 'Bahcbab aCAlfimi. Somewhat iike hereunto is that fruite which Thevet tTiiarum. c»Ueth Ficia Nigritamm, the leaves of the tree are lar¬ ger then any of thofe former fortes, and hath fomedivi- fions therein very like unco Figge leaves: the fruite is fometimes two foote long and thicke, according to the proportion. H gucro Not much unlike alfo is the Hignero of Oyiedus, which Owed,. j )C deferibeth in his Indian Hiftory : The treef faith he) is as great as a Mulberry, and the fruite fometimes like unto a long Gourde,Sc fometimes unto a round,of which round fort the Indians make themfclves difties, platters, aatd fondry other veffels: The timber whereof is ftrong and anifit to make ftooles,chaires,faddles, audthelike.- the leafe is long and narrow towards the (hike, and broa¬ der towards the end, but growing lelTe from thence to the point: the mcate or pulpe thereof is like unto Gourds ’ which they often eate in want of better food : This tree groweth in MJ>4»io/«,and other the Iflands of the Weft Indies, as wellas on the Continent alio. fetteth forth other certaine fruites tyed unto firings and Hones Within to found in dancing with them, which he cntitulcth Higurn, farre differing fromthis, Abovai Thrveti. The ftincking tree with his poyfonousfruite. ItgrowethashighasaPearetree, with leaves three or foure inches long, and cwo broad, yeelding white niilke, if any branch bee broken: the wood ftincketh moftabhominably, bearing a white three fquare fruire fomewhatlikeunco the Grccke letter A. whofe kernell within is mod poyfonous and deadly, and therefore the Indians doe give great caution to their children that they eate none of them, andthemfelvesabftainealfo from tiling of the wood to bnrne, but having taken the kernell they putting (mall Hones within the fliells, and tying them with (brings they feeve them for bracers for their legges to dance with, as Moris dancers doc with bells with us. Chsp. XCVI. ■ > UlUmay. The Weft Indian Peach plumme. Culiger faith this tree is like the Chefiiuc tree with like leaves yet greater: but Ovitdnt ia his hilto-' ry of the Weft Indies, deferibeth it to be a faire great tree like unto the Wallnuc tree, and with fuch like leaves, but larger, thicker,and greener on the one fide then on the other: the fruiteis either perfeft round or a little longer then round, as bigge as a good great Quince, fome gr cater, others lefTer, coveredwitha yellow thicke skin or coatc, that is fomewhat rough and not fmooth.' the pulpe ormeate whereof is very plcafant like unto a Peach, but firmer, and no: fo fappy as a Plumme,of a yel" lowifh colour, and is of a finger or two in thickenefle, having in i;he middle two or three kernels, feparatedby shinne skinnes,that are of a peeled Chefnu; colour and cade, but very bitter in the inner kernell. 1634 Chap.97. Theatrum Botanicum Tr IBE 17 Chap. XCVIJ. The Weft Indian BayPIttmme. His tree ( which is very frequent and well knewne through all the Weft Indies, and which they call (jxajabo , as they doe the fruite Gmjabt,) groweth great like u.ntoan Orrenge tiee, but thinner ol branches, bearing large leaves on them, two alwayes fet together,and oppofite which are like unto Bay leaves but larger, even foure inches long, and one and a halfe, or two inches broad, gray or ot an hoary advcolour underneath, with great ribs and linaller veines therein, but of a fad greene a- bovc, fmooth.and without any (hew of veines almoft, fomewhathardin handling, and both fmelling and ta¬ iling fomewhat like a Bay leafe : the flowers are like thole of the Orrenge or Pomecitron tree, fmelling fweetelike the lafminc; after which followeth the fruite, as great as a fmall Apple, and like unto a Plum, that is, fomewhat long, greene betore it is ripe, and yellowilh after () ct faith that he received one from Doiftor Tov*r out of Spuinr, th,t was blackilh, light and fhrunke, which he imputeth to the unripe- neffeofitj fome having a reddillr pulpe within, and fomeawhite, very fweete and delicate in tafte, divi¬ ded as it were into foure parts, in each whereof lye ma¬ ny (mall graines or hard white kernells. The proper- ties of the fruite befides the delicacy to be eaten, hath an aftringent power therein to flay laskes, efpecially if they be eaten while they are greene and not ripe. Gunjax* atbojit lamia y frulL* Tiie Weft Indian Bay Plum. Chap. XCVIH. Amb^rcr, The hard griftly Plumme of India called Amfrarc . He leaves that grow on this great tree, called Ambtrc by all the Nations there abiding, although they feeme fomewhat like thole of the Wallnut ,, , | tree for the largenefle, yet are they not of Ambmr: Th ‘ ^griftlyPlumneaf]India called Amtn. : that faftiion, for being fmail at the bottomc, and they are broadeft at the end, and a little dented in in the middle thereof, elaborate with many veines, and of a pale greene colour: the flowers are (mail and white, and the fruite that followeth of the bignefleofa Wallnut, with a Imoother and paler greene skinne, ofafttongheadyfent.andfowre harfti tafte be¬ ing unripe, but yellow when it is ripe, and of a more pleafant fent, containing a hard griftly fubftance within them, with (undry erode hard nerves or threds running through, yet of fo pleafant a tart fowre tafte that com- m.endeth it much, and therefore are ufed by the Natives and Hungers alfo inftcad of vinegar,or fuch like fawfe.to rellilh their meate, and ftirre up an appetite, bring eaten with fait and vinegar, while they are frefti or pickled to ferve for the yeares following, which endure very well; they ufe to give the frefli fruite alfo to thofe that have hot ague*, to code their blood and humours. R I BE l 7- The Theater of ‘Plantr. Chap.p^o 1635 Chap. X C I X. Mela Carcofali. The American Quince Melon tree. KOrcofaU, is a Province of the Indies, wherein as alio neere the Tromogtori Comari, groweth a tree life-* I unto the Quince tree,both for forme and leafe, bearing a large fruite as great as a Melon, with ribbej on the outfide like thereunto, very fweete and pleafant to be eaten, and phylicall alfo, within which -1 f ly e three or foure graines or kernells like Grape flones, which are as bitter as Cherry (lone kerneUs . h In tte fame p “ ‘ he f °,'’ d f ° e ““ f tb,S fru ‘ tc ’ havm g 3 «J u » li 'y ro evacuate evill humourt. in cue lame Province alio of Corcopalt groweth a white Medlar as great as an Apple. MtfpikA album , Chap, C. Dari an. 1 he Melon like bearing Orrenge. His Melonltke bearing Orrenge is a frutte called ,n Sumatra, Vartan, is alfo fomewhat like unco rh, 1 former w h lc h ,s as gre.t as a Citrull Cowcumber, having within it five fruires in On* and biggeneffe like Orrenges but longer, and tafte like unto freil, fweete butter pc Chap. CI. Carcapuli. The Indian yellow Orrenges of Malavar, Corcjput:, Toe Indian yellow Orrenge of Afa/aiar. \Cofia imaketh mention of a great tree in Malabar called £>tWi differing from the Durian f,r 1 the fruite he faith is like an Orrenge, when 1 “* the outer pill is taken away, which confift- ethoffundrylumpcsofpulpe, nottobefc- parated as they may be in the Orrenge, whofe rinde is thinne, fmooth, and Ihining as gold when it is ripe,of an aullere taftc, and binding quality, yccpleafant,and are good to (lay fluxes of all forts, and to refrefli a de- jefted appetite, taken with fowre inilke or boyled Rice; the Mid wives give it Women in hard labour,to caufeafpeedydelivery, as alfo to expell the after¬ birth : the j'uycc is profitably ufed to cleare the eyes of mins and rheumes. 1636 ChAE. 102 C I heatrum Botanicum Trib e 17. C|h ap. C II. \ Mail Inchca Lnjildnu Bir & Bcr Acojlx. Small Indian Apples. He tree that beareth this fruite is great, full of branches and leaves, which are forr.ewhat like Apple- tree leaves, but longer and not lo round I of a (ad preen on the upper end,& hoary »»'''« ! O' *»' ! or woolly on the undcrfide,aftringcnt in n ’ 3, n 13n 33 cs cade : the flowers are white, made of fine (mall leaves without any lent, the fruite is of thebigneffeand likeneffe of the Injure fruite or plant, fome greater and lefleras well as pleafanter then others, yet in the ripeft (which it is leldome feene, that they come to perfect maturity, neither will they lalt to be tranlpotted into other Coun¬ tries) they hold a certaine binding property, and are good therefore to binde the loofe belly, but are not fo good as Itijnbei for the flomache. In Canara and ‘Decan they call the tr zz'Eor or Ber, and in Ma¬ lay 0 Viderxi , but the Tcrtugals Manfanae de la India, that is dial a lndica, whom wee have followed: thofe that grow in Malaca are preferred before thofe of Malabar. In Summer thefe trees are con • tinually feene loaden with thofe flics (or winged Antesjthat worke gum Lacca thereon. Chap. CIII. lambohins. IndianOUives. His tree is lomewhat like the Lentiske tree in the barke thereof, but the leaves are like the Straw¬ berry tree with dentedleaves, lading like the Mi tie leaves when they are greene, the fruite is very like unto ripeOllives, but of an harlh and b.noing tade, able to draw ones mouth awry, yet being pickled up like Ollives, they rellifh reafonable well.and ferve to procure and whet th^- appetite,being eaten with boyled Ryce. Chap. CIV. / ! * Carambolxs. Furrowed tart Indian Apples; He fruite, which they of L^Ixlabar call CarambJ.ts , and Camarix or Carabeli , by thole of Canara and Decan, and Bolimba in tdlfa/ayu.groweth on a tree much like to a Quince tree, whole leaves are longer then Apple tree leaves, of a fad greeue colour, andbitterifb intafte: the flowers are of a dainty blufh colour, but without fent, and of a fower or tart tade like to Sorrell: the frnite is of the bignefleof agoodegge, but fomewhae long withall, yellow on the outfide, hanging by a Ihort R IBE I 7 . The Theater of ‘Planti. and ftiorc ftalke, and fet in the fmall huske, thac formerly held the flower, being pointed at the end, dividedasit wereintofonre parts, with fiirrowes, which being deepely imprcffed therein, make it the moregracehill, of a pleafant tart tafte, very pleating to the palate and (lomackc, in the middle whereof are contained (mail feedes. Thefe Iruites ai e much uled as well to plcafe and llirre up the appetite by reafon of their pleafant fharpcnefle, as in hot and chollericke agues alfo, either the juyce of them made into a Syrupc, or the whole fruite preferved in Sugar,or pickled up in brine to fcrve for aftertimes: home ute the juyce thereof with other ocular medicines for to take away the haw, or the pinne and web inthecycs, or any filme be¬ ginning to grow over them. Chap, 105. 1637 «<*. Furrowed ran Indian AppJ,,. C H AP. CV. lambos . Blood red, and blufti Peares of India. Here is another Indian fruite wor¬ thy to be remembred as well for the beauty it beareth in the (he w there¬ of, and the Iweete lent and tafte it cariyeth to the other lenfes, as chiefely for the excellent mcdicinall properties is now daily found out more and more in ir.The tree groweth vafie, or huge equalling the grea- teft Orrcnge tree in Spaine ,largely fpread with greatafmes which make a fpacious (haddow : the body and branches are covered with a gray- iflt barke, the leaves are very faire, and ftr.ooth an handfull long or mote with a thicks middle ribbe, and other fmalierveines therein, of a fad greene on the upperfide, and paler greene under¬ neath, the Hewers are of a lively purplifh red ^colour,with divers threds ill the middle, very pleafant and (landing in a great huske, and ra¬ fting like Vine branches: the fruite is of the big. nefle and fufliion of a King Feare, growing out of that large huske, wherein the flower was for¬ merly feated, and are of fundry kindes. for fomej areoffodeepe a red colour that they fecmeall-f moft blacke,fome have no kernell or ftone ,w iffy in them, when others have one, which arc the beft: another fort is of a whitifb red colour, and Aiming deare, having a hard ftone within it like to a Peach ftone, butfmooth, and covered with a white rough skinne, which although it muft give place to the former, yet may well be lamias. Redandblufl, coloured Peares of India. accepted 1638 c H A Pp 106, 7 heatrum ‘Botanicum , TribE17, accepted to a dainty palate, the skinne being fa tender that as in a Plummeor Cherry, ic cannot be pared a way, thclmcli ofeach rcfembleth theRofe, and in propci ty is cold and moiit. The tree is never without greeneand ripe fruite thereon, and bloifomcs alfo at all times, which falling abundantly on the ground, make it fecme all red therewith, the ripe fruite by the (baking of the tree are foone made to fall, and gathered from under it, as alfo cafily gathered by hand. The Indians of CMalabanni C amr “ call it Iambolin, the Portugallt thac dwell there Iambos , the Arabians and Per [tans Tttpba f and Tupbat ,thc Turks s aAlnsa. They there ulc toeatc this fruit before meatemoll ufuaily, yet they are not refufed at other times alio; both flowers and fruite are preferved with Sugar, and kept to give to thofe thac have hot agues to coole their llomackes and liver.and to quench thirff. Chap, C V I. langemas. Indian Services. a fyAngcmai are Indian fruiter likeServices, growing on trees not much unlike our Service tree, both in a leaves and flowers, but let with thornes, and arc minured or planted in Orchards as well as found I wild abroad •• the fruite is htrfli like an unripe Sloe when it is ripe, and mull therefore be rowled r bet weeneche fingers, to make it mellow before it can be eaten, and is generally taken to bindeor ® rellraine,whenlcever there is caufe of fuch an operation. Chap. CV1I, Leucoma. The Indian Chefnut. l ^ftMU His tree crowethverv nreat. and the wood is ilrong andfirmc, having leaves like to the Strawberry tree, the fruite h very like to our Chefnut, aswcllincolourasbignefle, as alfo in that white or fpot I thereon, but it Teemed to have thekernell loofe within ic, for that ic giveth a noyfe in (haking,the fruit is ediolc and pleal'ant, yet a little altringent. Chap. CVIII. Cbaramei. Purging cornered Hafell nuts. Here are twokindes of this tree, called CWamti by all the Indians generally, butthe Perfans and/f- 1 rabians Ambe/a,tbt one is as great as the Med- 1 lar tree, with Peare tree pale great leaves,and , yellowifh fruite, fomewhatlike to Hafell or Fillberd Nuts,ending in fundry corners, of the tafle offowre Grapes, yet more pleafant, which thtypic- klc up as welt being ripe as unripe, and ufuaily catc them with fait. The other kinde is of the fame bigneflfe,but hath leffer leaves then the Apple tree,and a greater fruite,which the Indians ufe being boyled with Saunders.& give the dc- coftion again!! feavers: the batke of the roote of the for- trer kinde, which groweth by tie water Tides, ischicfcly ofed (foasitgrow farrefrom the fca) which yceldeth milke.by taking foure fingers length thereof, which being bruiicd withadrammeolMuilard feed, they give to thole that irepurfieand fhorr winded: for it pnrgeth mightily both upwards and downe wards: but if a fuperpurgation chance thereupon, they give one of the fruits of Car embolus to helpe it, or elfe a draught of the vinegar of Canara (which is nothing elle but the dtcoftionof Rice fet by for a day, two orthree.untill it grow fower. The fruite is fa¬ miliarly eaten through all parts, unripe as well as ripe,and pickled,or eaten with fait and vinegar to procure an appe¬ tite,putting it to their meates to give them a rcllifh by rea- fonof its tartneife. Cbaramei. 1’ufging cornered Hafell Nuts. Chap; 1 Tr 5 B E 17, The Theater of T/ants* Cha P.109. 1639 Chap. C IX. I*aca or Iaca. The Diamond falhioned Chefnut Gourd, His tree growcth in fundry of the Indian Hands neare the water fides to be of a varte bignefle, having leavesot an hand breadth withathicke hard ribbe all the length thereof, and of a pale greene colour: the fruite is very great(notgrowing from the younger branches or with the leaves, butouc Saaca vcl laca, The Diamond fafliiond Chefnut GourJ. of the body,and elder boughes thercof)long and thick, the lead whereof is greater then the greateft Gourd, having a hard thicke rinde of a darke greene colour, let with fhort Diamond pointed like blackilh prickes, which a farre off threaten danger in the handling, but (hewing favour in doing no harme, which when they are ripe Imel fweet,and grow fomewhat (oft,that they will yeeld to the prefling of ones hands, and being cut Iongwile, not athwart, have a thicke yellowifh white meate within them, decided into fundry cells or par¬ titions full of long and thicke Chefnut like fruites, greater then any Date, withanadi coloured outfide, and white fubllance within like a Chefnut, which while they are raw tafle harfli and breed much winde, but being roafted as Chefnuts u(e to be,or fodden, tafle favory and ftirre up venery, for which purpole the people cate them much: the whitifh pulpe or fubllance wherein thefe lye is of a pleafant tafle but hard of dif- geftion, and breedeth that peflilent difeafe called Mo- cxi, if they be much or often eaten,or that they lye cor¬ rupted in the (lomack : Thole that grow in Malabar are accounted the bell, and better then thofe of Goa ; Linfchote faith the two forts hereof are called Girafol and Chambafel , but SPaltrdaaua Bared and Papa, and that thofe other names doe fignifie the goodneffe or roeannefleof wares. Chap. €X. Cacbi & Ciccara. The Pine apple like Chefnut Melon; fcree 3 ifas erei which thc V call Cacbi & the fruit thereofC.W H the tree is as great as a big .ree, with Datehke leaves, and hard wood like Box, which thev nut m many ufes: the fruit groweth not on the branches, but out of the body, and el^r bChes «the^rue ry levcrall cellsor potions within it Uke ‘ P . int a PP. le **nd having ma- r ' amb, '" s ■ Seri it,' 1 Theatrtm Botanicum r R I B F I’f 1640 Chap.ii I. Chap. CXI. Dttrior.es, The prickly fruitfu '1 Melon. He Dmior.es may feeme the fame with the former laca, becaufe they come neare in fomcthings but they much differ in others, as you fhall perceive by this defeription. The treegroweth to be very great and tall, the Timber whereof is tirongfirme and found, covered with a thicke afhco- loured barke, fpreading plentifully into branches and (fore of fruit, having leaves that are f ome- vvhat long and pointed, dented about the edges, ofa brownifhgreene colour on the upper fide, and pale grecne underneath: the flowers are of a pale orwhitifh yellow colour, and tlie ftuite groweth to the bignefle of a Muskc Melon, with a thicke greenifh rinde fet full of fliorte Purines. Tteprictly fruitful! Melon, and thicke but fharpe prickles, having Come ftrakes thereon as the Melon hath: it hath with, in it being opened fourc cells or divilions all the length of it,in every one of which lye three or foure white fruits as bigge as Hens egges (for if they containe five a peece they are not held to bee fo good, neither yet if they looke yellowifh,and not white they judge them fpoi- led by the wet falling into the chinkes) like un- the Man gar hitmen of the Spaniards, but not fo foft or muccilagie and tafte like unto Creime, fuelling lomewhat fweet alfo : each of thefe fruits have endofed within the® a kerncll like unto that of the Peach fione, which is fomc- w hat long and infipide, yet making the tbroate harfhlike unto an unripe Medler, and chete- fore are not eaten : Tbeie fruits are to be light¬ ly troden on to breaks them bccaufe of the prickes, which to them that never did fmell themoreatcofthembefore.may feeme to fmell like rottenonions,but having tailed of them wil tbinke them both to tafle and fmell better then other meats : for among the natives they arc held in fo good account that they thinke they can never be fatisfied with them.- but if any by eating too liberally of them lhall (care to fall in¬ to a Surfeit, or to take any other harme by them, they fhall be inftantly helped ar.d eafed, if ey- thcr they lay a leafe of Betre upon the fiomack or eate fome of the leaves thereof : forfo great an antipathy there is between thefe two plants, that if fome leaves of Betre be brought into a fiiippeorhoufe,where thefe fruits are laydand kept, they will all rot and putrefies fo that it hath not beetle knowne that any have taken harme by eating of them. Chap. CXII. Totccka Americana Tcrvanx. The Indian fruitfull Gourd bearing Almond, or the Indian Almonds of ( 7 ufius. ! He tree that bcareth this fruite groweth very great and high, the body being bare of branches or leaves I unto a very great height whereit fpreadeth into branches Handing in compaffe together almoft like a i Crowne, with faile great broad long leaves fee on them greater than ones hand, fomewbat like r but much greater then thofe of ^iepanhoome ofa darke grcenc colour on the upper fide, and fome- what white or mealy underneath : the flowers breakc forth among the leaves in fcvdrall places, and are of a darke greene colour, after which come the fruit, very great when it is ripe and round like a Bowie, but flat on one fide whofefhell is as hard as a bone, hardly admitting to bee bored or filed, and of a darke brow- ni[h colour dented in, ffriped and crumpled almoll like unco Corkc, fo great that one can hardly com- pafle ic with both ones hands and the fingers ftretchedout at length, the height alio being neare the fame fiz.; this fruite intheinfi.de is divided into fix cells or particions by hard skinnes, in every one whereof is conteincd eighteen or twelve nuts lying orderly piled as it were one upon another, each of which are three fquare, fome- a 1 what T ri b a * 7 - The Theater of Tlunis. CiiAP.113. Tomlta Amt,iitna five Amygdala Peruana cltfii forte- The Indian fruitful Gourd bearing Almond, or tile Indian Almond* of Clrtfiu. whit long,and pointed more at one end then another, not fo much rugged as the outer (hell nor fohard but they may becrakt with the teeth, lome of them grea¬ ter then others, and all of them two or three inchesin length.and an inch and a halfe in thickncfle.the kernel! within being in taflc not fo like an Almond as a Wal- nut, moreoilyina wet yeare then a dry, which the Indians by pricking fundryof them upon aflicke, and lighting of them, they will burne like a Torch to (hew them their way,and continue long in burning,and give an Oily or Turpentinc-like flame, having a blacke coale which turncthro allies :The outer (hell hereof is of the thicknelfc of halfe an inch, containing within it a pint and a halfe of liquor Anmerpe meafure, and weighed 1 7. ounces or more the emptie fhell. The Indians fddome gather the(e fruites, but gather them alter they are fallen, for they are ahaid Icaft they (liolild (all upon their heads which were fulficientto bcateouttheirbraines, and when they are forced to paflcthemas in their warres,&c. they catty Bucklers over their heads to defend them. They make much account of thefe kcrnells, and ufetoeatc them chiefly to provoke them to vencry, whereunto they arc too much prodiveof themfclvis, and make it their chief eft fclicitichavingthis proverbe with them Tivnem pte, cnm.iptngean Totocka, which is, Si ambires venerem ede Tcteckam. It groweth in high places and not in low grounds under the Line and on both fides thereof in the Well Indies, and beareih fruit twile every yeare, that is, about April! and in November, and call ir Tatar he, It is very probable that this is Clnfrm his AmjiaU Per- vmt, as any by comparing that little he hath delivered thereof may foone determine. Many other fruites, as well Melon like as Gourdelikeand others.are ufed by the Indian’ indrh? ri, -n- ans likewife living there among them in lome fort, butthefe here mentioned a--■ .. ,, utnc L-htilii - them; I will now therefore laflly (hew you lum. the mod pare in them.and fo finilh this worke. lome lort, Dutcneie nere mentioned are the choilcll and rh.'-f n r lundry other forts of fruits of trees that have medecLnqual^flol 1642 Chap. CXIII. Titter nuclei MnlucCAtii, Malacca Pine Ketnells. Omc Orchards in ASalabnr as well as the wild woods doe noutfeup' a certaine tree growing to the bignefle of a Peare tree, whofe leaves are foft and tender,of a darke greene on the upper line and pale underneath, tailing very (harpe and biting upon the tongue fora good while, the fruite is of the Dlgnelle of a Filberd and triangular, divided on the in- lide into lundry partitions, contayning within them fmall white hard kernells, like unto the ketnells of Pine apples, whereupon they have fo called them, and which the Indians ufe as well in the cure ofdifeales.as to performe their Wicked delignes; thry ufe to give two of thefe ker- nells.the skins that cover them being firfl taken awaymix- eonpin agliftcr.to purge and procure eafe tothofe that " a I e * he , Sclat ' ca or '’'P A in the broth of a Chicken ‘ J„f e th j c have ‘ Ilclr ur i» c Hopped or make it with f an “ to caufe tough, thicke and cold humours to be avoyded : they give them likewife to thofe that are fhott winded or have a cough,for which they much commend them, and often ufe them being difTolved in water, and doth^L^?"^*^ the bo,Jy annointed therewith Seahhf b pe r n f hca,c Tctters . WngWorme.and being a litr e rubbed before the ufing, for they auflmke or burning as experience (lie weth: Wicked to°theTr[ a : d lar ° tSgl \ e fou r'g raincs or kernells of them !u X° r0 ? erS , thereby t0 kiU *e« 1 thofe of rh- r„j d CC, l C ' c , m G 'P* U , and are in frequnt ufe with th. Indians where they grow plen cifutly f 0 f purgations: A aaaaaa I C« a f ^ i i 4 .' 'Tbeatrnm Botankum. Tr i b * ijf Monardm maketh mention of another kinde of purging Pine kernelts, growing in Hijpamcla, cf-c. within Lux let Pr-fuch like cones bnt greater and longer, thinner (held and blacker then the ufuall fort, whofe kernells being white nsiu’j. and fweete, tempt divers to cate of them without fufpition ofevacuation, yetfiveor fix according to the ability of the patient,being given in wine doc purge ftrongly both upwards and downewards.avoyding grofie humours efpecially; but being a little terrefied at the fire they worke not fo violently or with (uch torments and gripings: Chap. CXIIII. Pemabfon, The Apple bearing poy fonous Almond tree. Hevct flieweth in his defeription of America ,that in i'ome parts thereof there groweth a tree,the barke whereof is of a flrange and mervailous fent,having leaves like unto Puifiane, very thick and aiwayes grecne : it beareth frmte as great as large fifed Apples, and as round as an hand-ball which are not to be eaten for they ate poy ton •- but they containc within them fix other fruits, v ry like unto Al¬ monds but flatter and broader, each lying in a fevcrall cell, which are wonacrlull profitable to the people,to heale their woundsby darts or otherwife in their warres, for out of thefc fruits they prelfe a kind of red oyle with which they are quickly cured. Chap. CXV. CacaofiveCactvate, The Pcarcbearing wholfomc Almond tree. Envinhisdefcriptionof x/tmerica ,remethbreth a tree growing in Nicarraone a Province of the { Weftlndics fomewhat like untothelalfdefcribed, but beccufcitis another lort you (hall haveibe C relation thereof as he fetteth it dowr.e. It is the fruitcof a meane fifed tree growing onely inwarmc and wec.yct lhadowed placcs.and therefore mult be defended from the fight of the'sunne by having a tall tree planted to the Sunne ward of it,which mull be fitted and plafhed that it may be as an Arbor untoit,orelfeit will wither and perifh : the fruite doth fomewhat nearely informerefembleaPeare,orPeareta(hioncd Gourd, with a thicke fhell or Cacao five Cacavate. rinde, and within lyeth an Almond likqlruite,l,alfe asbig agiineas a Wal- carc earm S vvholfome Almond tree; nut, inclofed in a hard round (hell, the kerncll being blackifia without,and brownifhafricolo'uredvcines within, butbitterifti and unpleafant, yet very fweete and pleafant to the Indians. After ihey have gathered the ftuire they breake the outer rinde and lay the in ner fruite upon Mats to dry in the Sunne,untill themoiflure within ihem be conlumed, and then they keepe them both for their mearc and mcrchaadife,for fhippes loaden with them are carried from GnatimaU io new SpAne, and other places thereabouts, and trucke with them for other commodities in Oead of mony, and give of them to the poore in (lead of an aimes. A drinkelikewife the Indians make thereof called Chocolate, w'ell pleaiing and accepted with the greateft a- mong them,who account nothing of more efteeme; but to the Chriftians, at the firft itfeemeth a wafli titter for hogs, yet by life even accepted by them alfoin the wane of better. Chap. CXVI. Arcc.t Jive FaufclJ sh Avellana Indiana verficolor. The difcoloured fmali Indian Nut. His tree groweth great andverytall, butthe wood theieof is fpongy and not eafie to breake, without any branches unto a great height, and towards the toppe lpreading many faire bran- c ^ es ’ an< ^ ' C3ves t ^ etc °n greater and longer then the Coker Nut tree, the flonersaic white without fent, and grow many together on a longfiaike hanging downewards from the lower branches, the fruit following on every one,bcing longer bur fmaller then the Nutmeg with ail t he outer rindes and (hells, and hath the outer rinde covered with a yellow Cotton like filke.the inner kernell being very like unto a Nutmeg,fomewhat round,and fmali at one end and flat at the other, with the like difcoloured veines therein, but withoutany heatein taAc or lent, and is therefore held to be cooling and drying : it groweth in fundry places ofthe Indies more or Icfic plentiful! in one or another p'ace, and chiefly ncaretheScacoafls: Withthe twigs hereof that are of two fingers ihicknefTe the Natives ufe to hunt theCro- codils as well in the water as on land, for if theyc. nthrutl thefe fiickes into their mouthes they are lure they cannot breake them, becaufe they are folithye and . oongy, and thereby they doe retaine and take them, it is called Fanfelby the ^Arabians, but fome falfly Filfel, by the chiefefl Indians Areca, by thole of Cjan.arate.MA De¬ can Safari,itt Malabar Pac, in Malaca Pinan.in Couchin Chat an : it is profitably ufed in all hot dileafes, to helpe thetoothach, andtofafien loofe teeth in the header the loolegummes.-the Indians ufe this fruite abundantly cyther unripe to flupefie their fenfes like to drunkenneffe,orripe, being mixed with the leaves of Betell or Betrc Bctre, the ribbes therein beingfirft taken awav fame nm- r j other things to them, as LjciumJCtmphire, L„nlm Ahc, and 1 “ h ^ -AvtStu verf,cotori, p onsmoa.and.Khtheinfenoutm fame fortalfo. Garcia, u he drilled a water from them being frefh, which he ufed wht 5 fuccefle in all hot or chollericke fluxes of Vhebefly g00tl Ar Tj V l ify, ^y^fi^rUgcmu Upturn ClrRj. ri r A k ' n . d °^ f “ alilon g l d ‘ f ™' r ered Indian Nut otCfofiJ Clnfiu! in his fchoha upon the Faufel of Garcia rrhiSiferh „„ a land of Areca or Farrfel ,whole kernells hath Soutd vet h m like a Nutmegjor the former (orr anH hmM, , ui i nesenere** S* “"%««*.,■, sSSlat'X Linfcboten a!fo faith that there is annrW r ,, . Clufiiu alfo relateth ofanother as large as a Wa’lmir greene rinde.but the Ciell was hard and fmooth nf a Chfi th<= < ? Uter long and pointed at both ends, flat on rhr L' C befnu '. c °l°uc, on the other, the kernell within being white and fweete rh S °“ C u c flattifh on the lower end,and of a rnggedafa colnuT £ Anoth » W« about a finger long, and as thickeas two,' n.ing like feme (mall ticke, covered with a thtke ha dfhe^lh?'! T § n ° v °‘ 3 broW,,i& colour ’ ‘ ee ' Divers other fruits are mentioned d lhe ‘ 1 ' havln g » ktrnel > Within it. not know any ufe of them or property in them ?*>?” h ‘ Ve , fc . ene our £elvcs ’ but b «anle wee doe profitable matter.it being growne fo volummou’s already 1 ' b “ te Ctor rclatln *> tbcn ftuffs *e worke with ur. Aaaaaaa s Chap, Iffl ill ill Clf A PrUJ c Iheatrum Botamaim, 1 R 1 B k l7 Chap. CXVH. ArlmBuflia. The Braltiil tree. Arbor Brafilia. The Braffill tree.’ B He tree that beareth the Braffill wood which ferveth the Dyers ufc, and to make Inke is a goodly faire great tree growing in divers places of the coun¬ trey of Braffill, and in no ether place as it is thought, and the chiefcfl about Ftrnam- £«c(tfrom whence have rifenthe appellations to the weod : the leaves wherewith it is cloathed are as Imall as Box leaves, thicke and evergreene like them, thebarkeis ofanafh colour, and the wood red, efpecially the core or heart thereof which is the bell, and as it is faid is no bigger then a mans heigh,though the tree be fobigge in cam- paffe that three men cannot fathome it. This as ltisfaidalfoboareth neither fruit nor gum.butl wonder then how fo many could be found grow¬ ing there ? could the earth of it felfe thinke you Without (cede bring forth that afcoondance / or will not time confume them all ? finely it cannot be but that it beareth feede, and is thereby pro¬ pagated although not obferved.&c. XVIII. ArberTrifla. The forrowfull tree. He tree that beareth this name from the properties rileth to be a rcifonable tall, fpreading fun- dry flendcr branches and faire leaves fetby couples on them, very like unto the large or great Myrtle leaves and fmallcr then thofe of the Plum tree, little or no ■ thing fnipt about the edges.a little rough, and grccne on the upper fide and gray underneath • at each j'oynt with the leaves towards the ends ot the branches on both Tides come forth (lender reddifli yellow footdalkes wherewith they co¬ lour their brothsand meatesycllow like Saffron, bearing three or foure,or more flowers together thereon, compofed of fundry (mall white leaves pointed at the ends, making a double flower, with clivers fmall threds in the middle, fmdling fo fweec that they are thought to exceedc eyther the Orrange or Ufnimc flowers, whofe propertie is never to blow open in the day time, but in the night onely (when its time of flowring is) for fo foone as the Sunne (hineth thereon in the morning, they all far the mod part fall downe under the tree,and the whole tree with the branches feeme as withered and dead untill the evening, eyther through the ten detnefleofthcftalke, or by a naturall antipathy unto the Sunne, not to abide the fliining face thereof, tor fomc of the flowers doe abide on thefe branches that are mod (hadowed from the Sunne : the following ftuite they give is flat lomewhat like a Lupine with a thicke skinne, fit: mud be but fmall dore, for what quancitieof fruite can this tree beate if all orrhe mod of the flowers doe fall away) yet heart falhion, and of a greenifh afh colour, withadivi- fion in the middle, in each part whereof is contained fmall fiat beanes or kernells.like unto thole of the fweet beane or Carob tree, heart falhion likewife, and covered with a greenifh skinne or pee¬ ling, the inner kcrnell being white and fomewhat bitter. This tree hath been much defired to be tranfplanted into our Chriftian world, but as fome have faydic would not abide, notwithdandingall the care of earthenand wooddenvefl'clls, wherein it was plantedto be AiborTrifJu, The forrowfull nee. It 1 BE 17 . The Theater of Plants, Chaf *119. brought into Spatne or Portaged, nether ever would! the feedefpringas his affirmed, but I have lately under- hood by a catalogue of the Plants growing in the garden of Signor Corvino of Seme that it groweth there, heinir oncofthe plants named therein. It plentifully groweth m LUiUbar and brought thence to Cm, and fundry “he? P'f" “ th /= where every branch being pur into the ground will take roote and grow. It is called in mL labarCMogli,m Malyo Smgidi, in Becanf «l of the Arabians Guart, of the Perfians and Turbos Gal, but at Gca and CamrmPanzatact 1 from a certa.ne Nobleman (0called fas the Natives thinke and therein very neare inti* mating one of Ov.ds fabulousmetamorphofis) whofe faire daughter the Sup having efpyed fell in Jove withal) and having deflowred her & forfaken,for another (heflew her felfe ; from whofb afhesof her burnt carkalfe rofe up this tree, which is ever fincealhamed to behold the faceof the Sunne. In many places of the Indie, they diftill the flowers for their fweet lent lake,and keepe it for ufejwhich in CMalabar ibty cM the water of Mooli afterrho trees name : the fatd water ,s good for fore eyes to coolc their heate and redneffe, iflinnen cloathes being dipped therein be layd upon them .-the Indian Phiiitrons doc hold opinion that both flowers and fruire doe comforVthe heart and refrefh the fainting (pints thereof, for they have feme hitrernefle in them, it hath nor becne obferved that the Indians apply this tree to any other ufe then is formerly expreffed, and the colouring of their meates like as Safhon is ufed for the fame purpose in and other countries. * 1Ke 1645 Chap. CXIX. drlorfolijs ttTTjby.UntihM. Walking leaves,, bare unto the He of Cimbabon and in the lie it felfe, there groweth a tree bearing leaves like uni to thole of the Mulberry tree, having two fmall fhort and prickly feete as it were fet on ev ther fide of them, which falling, to the ground doc feemc as it were to creepe as if it were fome living creature, and being touched by any will prefently move it felfe Matter Ambon, Pha- /«/«faith that he keptone of thefe leaves in a contmuall morion in a platter for eiehr doves /the motion whereof is likely to come by the ayre) and then it ceafed. b ’ ^ Chap. CXX, Arbor arjilam fsendem. The fountains tree of water. N one of the Hands of the Caiurier called Fetro, there groweth a reafonable great but faire fpread ' bearing leaves like unto Wallnuc tree leaves but larger, ah»'Wmr» -- j _ «. . ac , O-—• — ....Wiuitdu [ICt . ^ - aoiaing thereon and evergreene 4 itbearerh w**' fruite like unto an Ackorne hanging downe from the.branches,which hath a kernel! wiihin of a ve y plea fa nt tafte and almoll like fpree. Ill fome parts of the world bcfidls are found the like tree, rhe leaves whereof and branches doe perpetually droppe water > 1 c (in the whole Hand there being no otherwater to be had,) Arbor apramfunderu. The fountains tree of „ a rer a thicke mid as it were or cloud encompalfing it continually, except when the Sunne (hineth brigiic thereon; which water being kept as it were in a fountaine made for thepurpofero retaineit, ferveth the whole Hand fortheir ule.Our Conntrey man Matter Lewie Jackfon dwelling in Holbterne, told Matter Purcbsu as he hath fet it downe in nis feventh booke of Pilgri¬ mages Fob I<5;p. that in the yeare 1C18. lie had beene in the laid Hand Ferro ,and had feene that tree, and faith it is as biggeas an Oake of a middle fire, the barke whirchke Hardbeame, fix or feven yards high with ragged boughes, the leafe like rhat of of the Bay .white underneath and green above :it beareth neither fruitnor flower: thus faith he, but it hath fome other different relations which who fo would fee, let them reade the place be¬ fore rcdted:the Ilandcrs call this tree Garoe ,the Spaniards Arbor SanBa : but the ancient H ittorians call it Til. It is thought that Solinue and Pliny in his lib 6 ,c ,; 1 . meant this Hand under the name of Ombrion and plavialie,, for hee there faith that in the Hand Ombrion grow trees like unto Ferula, from whence wa¬ ter Is wrunge out, from the blacke ones commeth bitter wa¬ ter and from the white that which is fweete’ and pleafant to drinke. I might here infertthe Barnacle tree but that it is found to be a fable, and that the Geefe hatch their young as other Birds and fowles doe, and therefore I forbeare to fpcake of it. lS^.6 ChaP.121. 1 Theatrum 'Botankum T R I B F 17 Arbor ■vi/hfi jinifcra. Chap. C X X I. Querctu natalitiji JJIvirenr. The Chrifttidc greene Oake. N the new Forreft in Hampjbiere neare a place called the Caftlc of Malwood groweth an old great doatingOake, which by the relatisn of the neare Villagers,is alwayes obfervcd to (hoot forth In lli but l'mall greene leaves every yeate a little before Chnlfide, which abide not long thereon after that time.but fall away,others fpringiug out in the due time that other Oakes doe, beat ing both leaves and fruit as ufually other Oakes doe in their feafon. King lames in his time undemanding 0 f t hj s tree,went and law it,and cauled it to be paled about and benches made thereat, both for people to fit and contemplate the wondrous workes of God therein, andtokeepc unruly perfons from breaking and Ipoy- ling ic:but(»u<”>»r inveiitum femper) the more it was intended to be preferved,the more wilfull people were ben¬ to breake and fpoyle it (being the more famoufed by that provifion ) and breake downe the pales and carry them away. I havehadboth Icavcsand Ackornesbrought me from this tree, taken by Maftcr John Goodier e ac h in their feafon. Chap. C X X11. Arbor Venereos Jlimulos Amrms. The Chafic making tree. j ^.SEtruuleOfina in his letter to Uffimur-tka maketh mention of accrtaine tree growing therein the Weft ] Br/S Indies whole timber was of a fpongie fubftance whereof the Indians would never take a fticke to 1 burne, neither by any meanes, although they were treatned to death could be brought to burne it or ‘ abide where it was burned,for they faid that whofoever came neare the fire or flame thereof, or whom- foever the fraoake onely touched, was made utterly impotent and unabled co any venercous acts. Chap. CXXJII. Arbor Farinifera , The Eread tree. Ome that accompanied Sir Francis Drake in campaffingthe whole world did relate that in the Itand oiTernate, which is neare the Eqninotftiall line, towards the North pole groweth a ftrange kinde of tree about ten foot high, whole toppe is formed like unto a Cabliidge, in the middle whereof isfoundafine white meale which the poore Handers gather, and by puttinga little water thereto and letting it ferment they make paid or dough, whereof they make thinne flat Iquarc Cakes, and bake them in certain long earthen pans,with fire put roundabout them which they cate while they are hot.for when they are qrowne older and hard.they fteepe them in warme water,and bring them to a kinde of pultagc and foeate them, but this Cake or bread is in a manner without talk or rellifh, but when fomePeppec or Ci-tamon with Sngar is put thereto, it is a pleafar.t food to many, but Marcus Polui Vcnetur recordeth a more ftrange bread tree growing in the kingdome of F/hfar, whole tfunke two men could fcarfe f adome, the barkc whereofbcingthicke.and caken away, the W'ood thereof about three inches thicke in compaffe is as hard as Iron being fo heavy tha ttfinkethinftantly in water, whereof the natives make them fborr pikes or fpeares (harpe- ning and burning them at the cnd,fo that they will be able to pearce Armour; but the whole middle of this tree is loft like unto ameale,which putting in water and flirting itto take away all the droffe chat lwimmeth above, they mould up the refidence into cakes,and divers other fores of viands fit to be eaten, and whereof as hee faith he brought fome with him to Venice. Chap, CXX1III. Arbor Jive Palma face if era. The Bagge bearing Nut tree. JjErtaine'Bx/ci Marriners having by a cafualtie loft their fhippe, wherein thev With others were * faylingtothe Weft Indies, in their returns home, in their ftiippe boate lip hreu 1 n a defart Hand ) called Cerovcftz, svhertm they found whole woods full of rVk kinde ofiirange:r>e, nd others growing am out-them whofe fruits being round Nuts, a, r k ; c as W tilnuts with their greene 1 ou.tr fhell, and within them other fmaller Nuts fo round bait and wirh foh? (hell, yctnoc verythickethattheycottldhardlybebrokenwith an Iron hammer, da white hollow kcrncll in the middle rafting The Theater of Plants. T R IBE 17. ChAR,I35. ratling like Pcafe at the firft, but a little bitter afterwards, like a Lupine, were indofed in a long (heathe or hollow hofe, rclembling an Hipocnu or Syrupe bagge, Lome be¬ ing twenty two inches long, others two foot andahalfe long, yet all being vety (mail at the end and growing larger up to the toppe, where they were about feven inches wide,and compoledofa number of brownifh thredsor haires difperled all over the cafe, Lome running at the length and lomecroffewife by a wondcrfull Worke of na¬ ture. Chap, CXXV. Arbor metrofideros. The Iron hearted tree. Caliger maketh mention of a ceitaine fmall tree, is reported to grow in the lie of lava major whole heart or core is as impenitrable as Iron, from the bottome to the toppe : and the fruit which it beareth is like wife as hard, but the report faith he, is of fo little credit and fo neare a falfitie, as I am from beleeving it; yet Nicbolam Cojliitm in bis Iournall doth report the fame thing. Arbor fivepalma faccifera. The bagge bearing N uc tree. Chap. CXXVI. Arbor Cjtlmph, Jhe Splenc tree of Sumatra. Nthe lie of Sumttra anciently called Trapobtt- ”* or Taprobana as Tbevct relatcth it,groweth a tree not very great, called there Gt/iuph, and in the Indies Cobbam. whofe leaves are many fmal ones fet on a rib together, fomewhat like unto the CalTia folutiva. or purging Caflia leaves, fee on {hot t branches covered with a yellowifh barker the fruit is fomewhat rhicke and as round as a ball, where under is contained a Nut as big as an hafel Nut,with a very bitter kernel with¬ in it,yet tailing like an Angellica roote; they uic the fruit to quench third: but the buter kernell is the mod effe- ffuallinthe difeafes of the Liver and Splecne, where¬ with they are much afflifted, and therefore draw an oyle out of the kernells of the Nuts, which they take for eight dates together, in which time the difeafe is much abated and quickly dftcr cured: thole that cannot by rea- fonofthe bitterneffe lake it fo willingly,as women and children, it is appointed unto them to be annoir.'cd with the oyle on the belly , back bone and lides, which worketh the cure alike: the faid oyleiis in truth ufe with them alfo, and of great account for th$ fingular helpe and remedy it giveth to all jqynt aches,! godesand the likes the gum fikewilcofthis tree being diffolted with a little oyteand fpread plafterwife is applytd to the grieved places with good effei 3 :. The inhabitants doejplanr this tree neare their Houfes in their Orchards and Cardens foffo have the be¬ nefit thereof nigh at hand, Arbor Gebuph. Tie Splcnc tree of Sumatra. Betetimu fruihs. Tl.c Bcrctinc Acorne. BiretmiufruBiu. ThcBcretine Ackorne.' inhisfecond booke of Exc ticks and fevemeenth Chaptcr.maketh mention that he obtained lome ‘ ot thclc fruitc ,from thole that accompanied Sir Francii'Vrakf in his Circumnavigation or the world, : returning in theyearc 15 So.by the meanes ot fome of his friends here.as Mailer Garthind Mailer Morgan, which were affirmed to be gathered in fome!flands(whereinto they put both for fruit and viftuall Handing inneede of both)from very great and tall trees bigger then Oakes,whole leaves were like unto Bay leaves,not dented at all about the edges but thicke and Alining : the fruit were like the Ackomes of the Ilex or evergreene Oake, but without any cup, for ashee faith he enquired thereof of fome of them.wbole outer rinde was thinne and of an afhcolonr, and fome blackifii, the inner kernel! being lomewhat long and white, without any mamfeft tafie within but covered with a thinne skinne, which they found good to be eaten without any harme following, and therefore in their want fceingtaught by the Ilanders they boyled them like Pulfeor Pcafe,and fo cate them, or fceatc them to pouther and boiled them like Rice or Wheat, until! it becamea pultage and foeate them for hunger .-yec afterwards they found the like trees and fruit to grow in the Iflands of the Molucca as they affirmed : But with what other propertie they were indued, neyther they nor any other hath manifclted to any that I know. Chap. CXXV III. yhcLclmfcu. The Indian Hony tree. lltvti rtiaketh mention of this tree among his other American Angularities to be very tall,(preading the branches (o uniformed,that it is a great pleafure to behold.in that they feeme f ‘ ‘ ‘fi*’ The IndianIJonytret. * fo difpoled by art and not by nature, having leavea on them like to Coleworts,(which I beleeve is miftaken, the figure not exprefling fuch a formed and fruit of a foot long. In the hollow parts of this tree above other, the Bees doe make their Hony and Wax, whereof the raturalls make much account,for with it they fea- fon their foode made of roots,&c. Vnto this tree refortetb familiarly a certaine bealf fomc- vvhat like a Cat.but of a brownc colour, called by them Fltjrat that is the H ony beaA to feed on the honey, which it carefully pulkth out with the feete without hurting the Bees or being Aung or hurt by them. Ca a* Chap. CXXIX. PrttM infant qu£ Nnces infant a Clufio dicuntur . His Indian fruit mentioned by Clttfiia in fecond booke of Exoticks, page 5 3. and 54. is thus re* • lated by him. The ‘Dutch after much wandring in the tanknowne Seas fell by chance into a certainc Bay, feituate in 11.degrees 4;.minuts of Northerly Latitude where they found certainc trees as big as Cherry trees,with long and narrow leaves like Peach leaves, whofe fruits they faw theMonkics there eating,wher upon divers of them gathered lb me and cate. them,which were fully round,grow¬ ing for the moft part fingly-cach upon its (hike, and fometimes two together, being about two inches or not much more cither Jongwifeorroundjwithafirmebmnot very thickc (hell, brow¬ nish on the outfide and not very fmootb,but (mooch within, and of a brighter colour, containing a certaine fruit within fomc- what like unto a bbeke Sloe, both for forme and fize, (pot¬ ted with fomewhat a large white fpot at the bottome where it ftood upon the (hike, having a done under that Plum which was gray ifh and hard, and a kernell with it* thofe perfons which had eaten ofthefe Plums felt no harme, but Lome of the company fteeping both ftones and kcrnclls, and boyling and ea¬ ting of them fell into divers diftemperatures, according to each mans feverall humour,onc thought his Cabin was made a Brc w- houfe, and bad take away the woman that was there; another called his Mates together, asking them if they would buy his fiflbjwhcreof he had varietie : another lying in his Cabin com¬ plained that his flefh was tome from his bones, another cryed out loudly that they were building a great (hip in his Cabin, another in his Cabin broke foure or five Cbinaydifath faying chat many men were comming to take . away his Cabin from him, another calling to the Maifter of the (liippe fatd, doe yce noc (ee the Divcll fitting in the Sterne catching Fifli ■ another (ayd that he faw the Anchors in the bottome of the Sea through the bulke of theShippe; the Matters lonnefaid to bis father, O my father I fee a number of little men running upon your no fc, but after they had flepc all thefe imaginations vanifhed, yetfomcof them dept fora day and ahalfe, and Lome two whole dayes before they waked,and fome thereby were troubled with the laske: many other fancies fell among the reft which were too long to recite j but among them all (aith he as it were in fcornc among the reft there was an Englifh man diftra&ed, who looking upward faid he faw the heavens open and cryed with a loud voyce 3 0 Lord I will willingly follow thee, and with divers other geftures moved the company to laugh¬ ter. CIhCim fheweth that in the fame table with thefe Plums or Nuts hce fee another (mall Nut not much unlike an Hafell nut which made r.o noyfe of any kernell thercin,and knew not whether it had any cup to hold it as an Acknornehath or no. Chap. CXXX. Atamoera mat dr fiemina. The male and female Dugge tree. He forme of thefe two forts of tres are both alike, not differing the one from the other, but in this that the male bea- reth nobloffomcs, but fruite like unto a ftnall Pompion many growing toge¬ ther towards the coppe out of the bo¬ dy of the tree which hath no armes or branches but oncly large broad leaves much like unto the Plane tree or Maple tree lcafe, each ftanding on a very long ftalkc : the trunke or ftocke of the tree is ncare two foot thickc, and about nine foore high: the floweis are of a pale yellow colour like unto Elder bloffomes whichfervetonoufe, the fruic is round and flefhy, yellowifti when it is ripe, and ferving them to loo- fen the belly when they are eaten and contcine with¬ in them many round blackc fhining graincs as bigge as Pcafe which likewife are put to no ulc with them.The propertie of thefe trees is faid to be, that unleffe the male kinde bee planted to grow neare the female it will beire no fruit at all; of which nature a. kinde of Date tree is faid to be alfo. This tree groweth in chat part of r Sraffill that the Portttgails called Baja d< todos {os SanBos, Mamoera mas [ 4 nttna, Tl* male Dugge tree. 165 ° Chap. 131, Bheatrum Botanicum , Tr IB E 17. Chap, CXXXI. Muring*. The Bezar tree, |His treegroweth not great, nor fpreadetli | with many branches, tuc is like unto the I Lentiske or Mafticke tree both for great- nefle and leaves, being full of knots, very eafie to be broken, of a very fairebut lad grccnc co¬ lour and of the taffe of Turnip leaves: the fruit is a foot long, and of the bigneffe of a Reddifh root having eight edges or corners of a grecnilh afhcolour with a white fubffance within devided into certaine cells wherein lye lmall round leede like unto fmall Pcafe but greene and tender, and of a (harper taffe then the leaves: the whole fruit diced in pecces is boylcdin the broth of flefh andfundry other wayes. But the roote of this tree is a foveraigne Antidote or f ounterpoifon, as effedfuall as .Vnicornes home or BezarfloneoranyTreakle.for the na:ives doeufu- ally take thereof, both againfl all kisjdcs of poifons and thebitings of the muff venomous creatures, yea even that ferpent which the Tortugalls call Culebrat decapillo, which is accounted the mod dangerousof all, taking thereof both inwardly and applying it to the outward place. They have found it alfoto bee lingular good againfl the winde chollick,and to be no leffe effeiiiuall againfl the Leprofit,for many have beene thereof cured by often ufing of it, it is mixed alfo withthofe medecines tha t purge melancholy. It groweth plentifully in all the Province of CMalabar, where they bring the fruit into the market to fellas beanesand peafe or ellewhere. The Arabians and Turk's callit Marian, the FcrfiansTame, but they of G azurateTuriac i. Marines. The Briar tree. ids? Chap. CXXXII. Negundo mat &famina. The maleand female wound tree. flWfaij i j Sg l He Indians make two (orts hereof, the one fUPpjjgl they call Varolo Nigtindo, that is, the male, g 3 L_} 8 g| and the other Niergunde the female,in Mala. bar Noche^n Balagstc Sambali, in Deem Be. cbe, and fo alfo by the Terfians and Arabians, but Ait by the Turk's ,and Norcila by the PortugaSs nbeCc trees ate of much etteeme in the province of Malabar, and of fo frequent nfe with all forts of people, for all their griefes and dilealas.that if they were not great increafers, and that every branch thmft into the ground will take roote and grow, they had beene wholly confumed or growne fo fcarfe that they would have beene at an excee¬ ding great price. The male groweth like the Almond tree with rough leaves like unto Sage, greene above and hoary underneath, and dented about the edges, fomewhat refembling Elder leaves a farre of. The female kind groweth greater and hath larger and rounder leaves, re¬ fembling thofe of the white Poplar tree and not dented about the edges: the leaves of both forts fmell and taffe like Sage, but yet are more fharpe and bitter, many of them having a white froth on the backfide of them, com- tnina on them in the night: the Bowers of both are of a pale blew or afhcolour much like unto thofe of Rolema- ry .-the fruit of both likewife is like unto blacke Pepper but nothing fo fharpe and hot as Pepper coraming neater unto the taffe of Ginger. Both leaves flowers and fruic btuifed and boyled in wat( t or oyle are ufually applyedto Ntgendo rr.se, The Male wound tree of the Porrugels. Tr ? B K iy. The '1 heater of'Piantu Cha f, 133. 165s all difeafes by the vulgar forqbutefpecially mail joynt aches, tumoursand contufions proceeding from any hot canre,and chit with lingular good effect .-the leaves alio bruifed and laid upon old Vlcers doth wondroufly helps to digelf the matter, cleanle them and bring them to cicatrifing, fo as the body be not Rule but prepared and purgedbefore hand. And certainly they are found l'o availablein all woundr, Impoltumes and brnifes, that the people ufing thcfe.feeke for no Chirurgian. 1 he women ufe to wafii their whole bodies with the decoftionof thele leaves at all times and feafons, audarefo perfwaded of their effeft to helpe them to conceive children, that they that (hould goe about to perfwade them the contrary,they would (lone them to death. Chav. CXXXIII. Ninth. Another healing or wound tree. His other tree is more rare and fcarfe then the Iaft, called by thofe o( the countries in India where it is knowne Nimbo. but by thofe of CMaln- J bar Bcpolc, and is of much account both with the Chriftians there and Gentiles. Itisasbiggeasan Alh, whereunco a iarreeffitis very like, the leaves are very grecne on both fidcs, dented about the edges and pointed at the ends, it is plentifully Qored with both leaves and flowers which are fmall apd white,with five leaves apeece and fome yellow threads in ti e middle, and of the fmcll of the Trifolittm odoratnnt, fweet Trefoile after which the fruit appeareth which are like unto fmall Ollives with a yellow thin skinne. The leaves are fomewhat bitter, but very wholefomc being bruifed and mixed with a little juice ofLc- mons,& dropped into foule Vlcers or thofe tbatare hollow or fi[iulous,or with hard skins therein ey- ther of man or beaft, doth helpe them by digefting, clen(tng,hcaling and skinning themtthe j'uice ofthc leaves is a moll familiar and knowne remedy in Malabar lo kill the wormes of all forts in the body, whereuntothey are much fubj'eff, whether taken alone or with other things for the purpofe into the body.orufed outwardly tothc Nivell: the flowers & fruit alfo are much ufed againft the gout and the paines,fwellings, weakeneffe and Itnpoflumations of the joynts or parts, the Oylc likewife preffed out f the fruit is lingular good in the paines and ereefes of the (inewes, and therewith doe thofe of M*l*bar cure both wounds in the flcfh,punftures and pricking of the Nerves and Sinewes, and c u n- traftions or dillortions of the members. Wtnlo. Another healing or wound tree. Chap. CXXXIII I. Kjvmrahe. The Americans vice Guaj'acum. J^rL rC hrh V fm yia M a c ngaba n kC0 , fa whitilhfilverlikecolour, but tfe wood is reddifh under it of man in his life time (hall fcarfe fee the Fruit abOTelourTo^^^ tfh^”^ an ‘* e i S j°^ £ ^* ^scAflntwi^the^ndhinswhCTeic e ^wcth U thaFGuaj'acumK V vv!th bythefick whofe appetite is foil to quicken it and get Tt anautc Neare all the malt ^ ruit 15 u(cd . gathered by thi indiant a certalne white liqufr ViLeSilk^aken ^dSh^^r"' n f ^ ,MHt rasI h„ddi,..b, fling I, Chap, 1652 Chap. 135 T beatrum ' Botanicum , Chap. CXXXV. Acbatsaca Trcveti. Tta blackc Moores Gua/acam. He Ethiopians on both fides of the Ri¬ ver Senaga, neare onto Cape verd as Thevet laith^doe abound with the Ve- nereous difeafe, which holdeth them chiefly in the privie members which in men is called A fab, in women Afabatcs, the di- feafeic felfe Boroz+tl or Zail : but by the skill of the Phifitions of whom they have many, and skil- fullin their profeflion called Biarins , they have found out growing with them an herbe of affured helpe and remedy therefore, which groweth up with a great flalke asbigge as .a mans legge, and many great leaves thereon, cut in or jagged on both- edges, fomewhat refcmbling a Colewort leafe, but nothing lo thicke eyther in the leafe or middle ribbe and double pointed at the end, irom among whom groweth the fruit,of the bigneffc of an egge, and of a yellow colour, which they call Aljard i the deco&ion of this herbe above all others, al¬ though they u(c divers,is of (ufneient validitie to cure it, for they have no other Guajacum for their helpe,and therefore ufe this in Head thereof. Trip, e 17. sicharaca 7 beveti. 1 he Ethiopian rice G uajacum. Chap. CXXXVI. tt'ixtrr*r.ui cortex. Captaine kf'intert Cinamon. Aptair.eH'itf.’aro Winter that in a fliippe by himfclfe accompanied Sir Frantit Drake in part of his voy¬ age over the whole world, but left him at the Straights of Nagdhm returning from thence home into England againc in the ycare 15 79- in the parts trees thereabouts cut downe certame whole batke was fomewhat hke unto the thicker fort of Cinamon, both for ful dance and colour,yet for the mod part thicker, and fome of it of an afh colour, and fome brownilh on theoutfide and tuggedlikeElme barke.fome ofit having chinkes or riftes on the infide, and fome fmooth and firme, of a fmcl not unpleafant.but ofa very fliarpe tadc like many fpices together, h,eating the mouth more then Pepper; the leafe of the tree is of a whitifli grecne, not unlike the Afpen leafe, the berries grow inclu. (lets like the Hawthorne,with divers feedes in each of them. They at the rird knew not of any properties therein, and therefore boylcd fome of it in hony, to make it the more pleafant to be taken,and dryed other fome and made it into pouther, putting it in head of Cinamon in their mears: fur afterwards they found it to be lingular good againd the Scurvey, for divers in the flaippebeing troubled with that dilcafe found remedy thereby in tiling it a while. Some of our com¬ pany of Apothecaries, and thole not of themraned doe ufe to call the Caneila alba mentioned here before Cortex vrinterar.i, and have ufed it in their difpen- fation of Mithridatium as a fubliitute for Cejhtt y whereof I gave you a touch in the Claffis of Cardui and Sfinofa ,in the lad Chapter thereof fave one, but now by comparing the one with the other you may cafily fee the errour, forth zCar.ella alba is a white barke, fowled lake Cinamon, and not much thicker then it. n’mttrenui Cortex , Cjptzrncll'rnicn Cinarocn of Tri BK * 7 - The Theater of Plants. Chat,137, 1663 ofan hot t«He but neither like Cinamon nor Pepper, and this Cortex printeramu is thicker then the thickeft ( i natnon,not carte into rowlcs or hollow pipes like it, and tailing, muchquicker, befides the colour is of a duskie brownein moQ.commmgncarertunto Cinamon, I thought good a little to expl.ine this matter here becaufe I hnde many poflefted fo Itrongly with that errour that Can'll* alba is Cortex printerani, that all may fee how true their opinion IS. This barke might feeme to be that whereof Monardm faith he had a pecce from Bernardino de Burgo an Apothecary,but that his had a more excellent fmell and tafte, excelling that of the Nutmeg,and as pe¬ dant as Cinamon,and mere cordiall, which is not found in thisbarke of primer,, CMonardM likewife maketh mention ofanotherthicke barke which was taken from i tree as great as an Elmeand like in forme ntowmn fcarfe m any other pm of the Wert Indies,then neare the Rivers Tides about ay. leagues dillant from Lima ■ : t k hot laith he above the fecond degreeithe Indians ufe to put it up into their nortrills, the fine pouther of the barke when they are troubled with rheumes and defluxions from the braines, or with other paines in the head for it plentifully drawethdownc humors whereby they finde cafe. ’ 1 Cn/.r. CXXXVII. Cent arbor. The cortive or binding tree, |His tree is lomewhat like unto a dwarfeOrrenge tree both for forme and leafe, but having a thicker middlenbbe andeight or nine ochcrfmaller ones running to the fidcs: the flower is teliow wi-fi \ out lent,the barke of the roote onely is in ufe which is of a pale greene colour, and being broken ) yeeldeth much milke, which is fomewhat clammy,having little tafte,but fome bitternefle & is more , , drying then cooling. The juice or milke of the barke of the rootes. hereof, although un’pleafant is muchufed by the natives of China, Japan, Malaea and Bengala as well as Chriftians in all manner of Fluxes and L d h S 3 m ” lng from what caufc foCVer - Thofe 0f CWi ” ca >l hCeru, they of Malabar faro and Cwo d lf al* Chap. CXXXVIII. ‘Tavate, Another Coftjve tree. jjHis other tree which is more frequent to be bad then the laft, and called Pavate in Malabo, is there fore in more ufe though not altogether offoftrong and fpeedy eft'eft, for the Having of Laskes and F luxes,but is of excellent propertic to coole | all hot inflammations, and eruptions of cho- Pavate. Another Coflive tree, lericke matter in the skinneand S. Antho¬ nies fire: the roote of this tree is of chicfcft ufc.and fome- timesthe woodfteeped in the deco&ionof Rice, which will grow fower after it hath flood a few houres, and then they call it Conia ,with this dcco&ion they wafh alfo the outward parts inflamed or fpotted which cooleth much,and helpeth all thofe hcates: it is alfo drunke being ftceped as aforefaid againft the heate of the Liver, and in hot Fevers: a few leaves of Tamarinds being pat thereto they u'e to wafh the tides of Vlcers and wounds that are inflamed,and have defluxions of humours to them to flay the Flux and coolc the heate. The tree is not greater then the former, having bat few branches and fuch like leaves of the Orrengejbut without that fmall leafe underneath it, and of a frefh greene colour: the flowers are whicifhlike unto the Hony fucckle with fmall round blackifh (ee le likeunto thofe of the Maflicke rreeithc barke is of an Afh • colour, and the root white. The Bracknexes and thofe of Canarin call it Vofaveli , che Tortugalls Arbolcontra Lis *rifi polos , Chap. CXXXIX. Paco/. The Tetter tree. |Kis tree groweth neare the Rivers fldes in the s Weft IndicSspart whereof being lent to Monat- das had this commendations that the allies of the wood mixed with a little Sope, the Indians nfedtoannointon thofe places that had Tetters, Ring- Wormes or the fowled fpreading Vlcers,and fcarres that could be,either in the head or any other part of the body to cure them and leave the place, faire againe. Bbbbb bb Chap, 1664 c« rt P-140 1 htatrv-w Botamcwn, r R ! B 9 l7 C M A P, C X L. IJgntim Nrpbriticsm. The tree a;ainlt the hone. S^SRomHIfW^ndiheparts thereabouts hath becne.often fcnt many yeares (mce as well as of late, foFpWs though now in farrelefTeefl'eetre.a certaine fmooth light and white wood, the tree whereof is at bigge as a Peare tree, without knots: the wood thing IT iced find and potto fleepe in pare Conduit or Spring water will within halfe an hours, or thereabouts (if it be right) difcolour the water into a fine light blew colour .which lying longer therein will taulc it grow’of a deeper colour, this infufion fomade, although it be altogether infipideand without any taitc a: if nothing had beene put into ihe water, is found yet to be hot and dry in the firli degree, and lingular available againit the Done in thekidneyesand the difficultie in malting urine, and h found alio by good experience to open the obftruftions of the Liver and Splcene,the water or infufion is 1 cing drunke oi it felle, or mixed with wine and fo taken: but there is another wood very like unto this, which often obtruded on many in Head thereof which,being infufed in water in the like manner will difcolour the water yellow,and therefore without tryall the right is hard to bedifeerned. Chap. C XL T. Lirnxm Mslncerijr. TheMoluceas treeagainft venomeandpoyfou, IN the Hands o( the Moluccas isaerrtaine tree rather planted every Wherein Orchards thengrow- I ing naturally being as bigge as a Quince tree,whole leaves are broad and cut intodilivions, fomc- , what like unto thole of the Mallow, the frurt is like to H aUl nuts btitlelTer, and wrh,a Coftcr and blacker fheil, whereof the natives make fo great account that they wilH'carfe fuffer any grangers 1 to fee it,much lelle to kn aw any of the properties of it, which they kcepe from others as fectet as may be : but yet this their fecrefiehith caufedic to be fought for and learched into nearer then othcrwile perad- ventureit would havebeene : For fome ft-wj* have found out in part by the fight of the cures the Indians per to: med.andpartly by their relations,which by meanes they made unto them they obtained of them, and partly by their owne judgement and praftife alfo at lundry times in the Spittles there, and in the firippes among Ma¬ riners, that the wood made into pomher and taken in a convenient quantitic, according to the lirength of the venome and the patient that fhali take it, foastheq uantitie for a cimecxcecde not ttngraines taken m broth or water, or other liquor ,is a molt certaine fpeedy remedy againll the venome of the moll virulent Serpents that ar c, even the Viper Rcgtilw (that it a Serpent that hath like a eappe or crowne on the head) thccf/wor any other’ and the pouther [hewed on the bitten place : they ufc to file the wood final! cither with the Seadogges skinne, or a fire Iron file : in the lame manner like wile they give halfe a fcruple of the pouther in warme water, or’the broth of a Chicken or Hen to them chat are wounded with poifoned arrowes, which they much ufe one againft another and put on the pouther into the wour.d: being taken in the morning berimes falling,having made a (pare fupper overnight before .-ithclpetb to evacuate all tough thicke and melancholy humors, and hetebe helpeth quanaine and quotidian Agues, prtvaileth againft the Iliacke and Chollick pafiione of wirideor humors, the droplie alfo,the graved and done in the hacke or kidneyes, thediffoukie of urine and the mod ctuell chollerick pillion,and other old grtefes hkewile in the j'oynts and leggcs.as well fchitrous as fcrophulous ,that is, have hard lwellings or nodes and knots in them, the fame alfo killeth the worrnes in the body of all forts: it regained) a dejcflcd or loft appetite, and if the purgation wen ke toofiercely Upon any to the patient is given halfeafmalf cup frail of Canh (chat is the decoftionof Ricejto (fay the working fuddenly, orelle byeatinga finall Birdc fo that it is in the r-htficions or :he Patients power to be purged as much as they will: by thetaking of this medc- cinc there not hath btnfound any trouble to theltomack, or other ill fympeomes,although taken' without obfer- vinganydret, ordefmmng their bufincfleabroid, yea in the working thercuf living Vftloofely : it is obfer- ved Ukewifeto be avaleable in the old paints and gtiefes of the head, the Megrime, Tailing fickneffe and Apo- p:exye,in tne diteales of the belly and wombe, a: alfo the fhortnefie of breath,the noyfc and' fingings in tbceares, and the goute or joynt aches j it is given in all lcaions to all ages to differing natures or dilpoficions, and that with¬ out tytherdattgehor trouble tbtrt that onely in cholierick perfons and that have hot flomackes and Livers, ic breedeth fomV perturbations m.tbem untffi that they have taken fome meate, and infomeit hath procured a vo- mitjburtochehotavd cholierickepdrlons being given with the Syrupc of Vinegar or in the fruit of a Charambola being prefttved,orin aPtll With Conlerre of K0fes.1terketh away all thofe troubles. In fome alfoitcaufcthan itch in the fundament, and fometiussexcoriation, and the Pries alia « fome, but very few, which are fame helped by other temedies. Thcfecures bave-btens often performed, and yet the Indians perfoimemany other no,doubt,which they concede from the Chriftians all that they can. This wood is called by them Pmav*, the Cede hereof is touch ufed through all chc Provinces of the Indies to catch birds, being carryed thither tobee (old, for fome thereof mixed with boiled Rice and calf to the wild Birds caufeth as many as taker ic to fall do wne to the ground, as being ftoned for a time, but if any take thereof too greedily, it will kill themifthey bee not hdp^dby cold water put oh their heads, but Dawes above all other Birds arc foonc.lt ki'd hereby. .d~ : \ Chap- The 'Ibeater oJTlants. Chap,i 42 , 1665 CttAi, CXLII. tigxuM GMuhrintm, Snake wood. JHcre are clivers forts of Snake woods* Acofla hath let forth two or three, that he knewufed by the 1 Indians againft thebitings of Vipers,Watcr Snakes,or the like Serpents, and yet as Clxfim faith none of thofe agrect'n with thele three that g*rciat maketh mention of, 'Banhin«, calleth them all Clematj, I Indie a. The lit ft of Cara.it is; athcr a roote then a wood, and growtth with foure or five fiender Garble frie branches, about two footc high, the leaves are like Peach leaves,but more ihining,tbc flowers grow mm * many together or, along (hike in clutters, ofa brave red colour, the berries are like thofe. of the Elder, duftering together, and red andhard. The roote, which is mod in ufe, is full of knots or heads, growing above ground* with many frnall firings unde, them,being ofawhitifli afh-colour, and ofa firme fubftance, with a little bitter- ndlein thetatte: ic iscalled by the Inhaoitants Lamctal, andby &KPonngalt tao dacobrj, thatisSnakewood: This roote being beaten into potither i- given in wine or fome cordiall water to thofe that are bitten by any Ser¬ pent, and likewife takethaway fpots and pulhes, orwheales, or other (retting fores in theskinne, and is held to be good aga'nil that crucll dileafe, which they call CMordexi, and fome take to be Plague, or other dangcrom infcdliousdilcafe, and lame call it the Cbollericke paflion, it is held alio to be good againft agues,an ounce there- ofbruifed and fteeped in water, purging much chollcr by vomit. Hisfecondlortas he faith when it ftandeth Stntimk alone,groweth to be a tree, and is like the Pomegarnet tree, fee with thicke,(hort,and hard thornes. with a whi- tifir thicke and finne barke,full of rifts, and a little bitter, blit not fo much as chc f ormer, the leaves are of a ycl- lowifh greenc colour,very plealant to behold : but ific grow by any other tree,it will clime thereon by the bran¬ ches unto r’ne toppe like a Gourd: they ule to give both the wood and the barkc hereof, butefpecially the root* in the lame manner aforefaid, and for the faid purpofes: it groweth in the Ule of Cm. Histhird fort was Taka. brought to the Vice Roy,m ccrtame frnall bundles of wood with their rootes to them, being flendcr.hard.blacke and (weece fmclling, which rootestheyof Ufan*ptta», being an Ifle nigh unto Ziilan, did wonderfully C'-mmend againft venome or poyfon. Ir groweth up with a few ilender branches,foure ot five cubits lons,which if they be not tycd ot held up will lye on the ground, having a few rhinne long leaves like unto thofe oftbe Mi- fticke tree for the forme, yet notgrecne but (potted, with whitifh blacke market uponthem. The firft ofthefe as q«rc,to faith, was found to be effcfliitll againlt the venome of thofe virulent Serpents, by this meanes. They have there bieedmg with them,a certainc frnall bealt, as great a- a Ferret.whith they call Q»i/,or Q-iV/o/c, be¬ ing a deadly enemy unto the Serpent Hegulu, with whom when fbever it fighceth, it cateth of the hcajs of one of thofe rootes, that is bare above ground, which having chewed, be caftcib his lpirtle upon his head, and over the reft of his body, and his fore feet alfo, and then fightech with that ferpent, and will not leave it untill hehav* Lignum Co’ubrinum primun Acofts. ator - ; - have entreated alfo in another place of this WorkeJ as namely fundry dwarfe Date trees whole leaves have fo fmootha furface that they ferved them very finely to write on,that is, with a fmall pointed iron to engrave their ch trailers: herein. Thereis alfo growing in theCoiintry of Mingi, which isneere the Tartars , and Chinefes, a cerraine tree Called T«/,and Vgttctal, whofe leaves are very large, and through all thofe Coun tries are ufed to be written on .- it beareth fruitelikeurttogreatTurneps, whofe meate under the outer rinde or barke is render,fweete and edible. O tWasmakcth mention of two cercaine trees growing in' HittamsU t h-r- I lefler called Guajabara by the Indians, and by the SpamardsVucro^ becaufethe fruite thereof are like Grapes • the wood whereof is reddifh,found,and thicke,and fit to make coales, it beareth the fruite more loofely feparate in funder then the Grape, and of the colour of the Mulberry or Rofe, havinglitcle fubftance thereon robeea- ten, for they be as great as an Hafell Nut, and aftone within it isalmoll as great I the leaves of this tree are Bbbbbbb j broad C 1 beatrum ‘ Betanicum, s668 Chap. 146* a Tribe 17, Ce ij' jtrboru fo- l'a (ex bra- chiorum. Met l five Maguey AUxcano- >um. Papjrifeia arbor ctufj puma. SttuaJa. broad and round, asbigge as chc palme of ones bind, as thicke as two Ivy leaves, and greene.and fometimes red- dilb, whereon the Sfar.urtls uled to wi ite with an iron pen or pointed on both Tides of the leaves, but they mull be frclh gathered sndprelcntly wtuten upon, which Letters then willappeare white, in theg'esr.e or reddifh leaves that they maybeeahly read, notwithllanding the middle ribbe, and the other veincs therein, in that they will not hinder ones hind very much. The other tree they call Copej, growing greaterand taller, whole leaves are round like unto the other, but twice as large and thicke as they, and therefore better to write on, the middle ribbe and veines being alio Imaller, and thereby . hindering the pointed fiom the graving th.reon C W Thicke writing leaves GutJma. r • U I ft- , r 1 „„ - w Printed Card:. dun writing leaves, lo much the leffe •• thele leaves alio the Spam- «-/ J ; *( 1676 bCslttO,um vuOiaiUnt. 1 nun; lwccce ScorUiuaijUi w*ar Gtnnuukr. p, 110. jL e J'hea >o Botanko iJppendix 2 10 m Bfbr( X ScoriiHm Ipinpfrm cd-.ramm. Thorny fwcet Scoriinm, or W ater Getmand .r. _ Thisannuall Scordmm rifcth up with (quare foft and iai- ry Clalkcs full of joynts or branches,which aie fatty or clam¬ my, whetea;grow lometimes two.bcu at the greater joynts three leaves, whii hare variouGy formed, thelowed being larged, are e'entedor cucon the edges, like unto the 01 i- nary or Water Germander, but Hill up higher the lma er and IctTe deuced, at the j'oynts of the branchesgrovv many times long thornes, but alwayes end in a (mail ong u r priclce or thorne.and at the leaves alio come forth I mall Ger- 1 manderlikc flowers, but whicilh, with three 1 mall ute s wit i in them : in the huskes that contained thcllowers, ing faine rife fowre (mall feeds which mud be lowne every years : the rootc is very long and fibrous, and perilhing a • ter feeu time: the whole plant fcnelleth almuftas lvceccas BaffiU, and was gathered upon feme of the dry, barren an larrdy mountaincsin Spaiae, and mentioned one y by ; "t wwckc in ills Cunadi relations, ''' | . r' r ' W* M Having another figure of this Valerian by me, differing in fome things from the former, 1 thought good to ex ID1C1 ^ likewifeunco you, chit yon may fee how the alteration o climaccs caufeih luch tormall divciflties as are lieie P'- r '- 1 ve 4 in roote^le-ives/and flowers. iSjp./l/tur Atr.cncami prstccior ferraimus Utijoiios CT & gt/ft/otlto. Two lores ('f Virginia Suncnorci. p. *3 a ..H'rdut KOutcn* ret:ea. Mountain* TsJardn* of cxndy. p. 1 10 . Totheendafthe ay Chapter of thefecond Claffis, page 2 ic; adde rheA n „ „ , publifhed a Tractate Printed at %i°fcorid's Text, unto Tamar,ske. Card* ^ th “ “ ^ referreittothe ElmbUc^ or ’Bcllirick, MvrobolLr, which is a!ft rr ?f! known f ,n hl ^‘m=. unleltc fame would *<”>«« alfo remembreth it, but giyeth no deferiotion of it • c,,*,),!,ire From truth,as anOake from an Apple, "Bel. 4,1 ■ nor certaineiy knowne of our Moiernes.I can fay no more thereof *' bem 6 P crfc % deferibed by Dufim. Ccccccc s 1678 Theatre Botanico tJppendix. 3, eJMyoboUni fiebHli utfntur Icon vera, A true figure ofthc purple Myrobalant or purging Indian Plumme, Feflingitu in his fttrvay of Alpinm his Egiptian plants laith, that lie often law in the Orchard of a ccrtaine chiefe Turke, a tree growing, which the keeper therof called Dileg el duinl, growing to be as bigge as a Plume tree, with a fmooth pale coloured barke, the wood being whitiiliand fomewjiat fweet, the branches fptead fairely and thicke, bending eafily and hardly breaking, ar¬ med with fiiarpe long thornes •• the leaves are fet by couples together on a (hort footeftalkc, being fotnewhat long with the roundnefie, and a little round pointed ( nothing like untoPeadi leaves,as is formerly fet downe) the lower ones bting larger then thofe upward on the fame branch: and without any dent on the edge.The finite is of a reafonable great' clfc; bigge in the middle, and final! itboth ends, and ot a da>ke or blackifh red colour, and lomewlnt laptdc. Thcytifeto preferve them, audio impart them to thufe of the greateh ralike, and have a purging qtnlicyimhem. S RubinfjtvifiriiargenlenCrelica. Silver-like wilde Madder of C tndj. Thu, Imalt Candy white Madder, from a lir.all long fl'-tidcr roote (liooieth fmtli divert (hikes, nct'halie a footc long, w ith fundry (mall, long, ihft and (ilver colpurtd leaves let by (paces,fome ti mes but cwo.dther whiles loure at a 1 pace, and with them upwards to the toppe, ftnall yellow- iTn flowers, it is without any other talle th eti a little allringent, and is faid to be profitable for fluxes in ir.an or wonvin. 8 . Rubrafilve/Zrd-tifgMteaCrctiea- Silver like wild Mdutlcr ot Candj. p * 7 f * 2 My,cbo\ar.iC\Mvt jerturlcon u r a. A t„nch of the true Chcbull Myrobulanc.or purple purgmg A Indian Plume as it is thought,to be referred to p.a4«. Capvot fiihacta radicc. Bcon^ens Ho!tV.oriel t Qr fruall round looted Fumitcrry. p.i88. An dAppendixto the Theater of Elans . 1679 Page 380, Line die fifteenth, put out Panaces Carpimon five raccmofum Canadenfe, but why Panax being no wound herbc,t fee no caufe unleffc it be for wanfof a better name, put out as I Laid all this, bccaufe it pertained! to another place. Page 380. Line the fifteenth, putoutthofe thee lafl lines in the N mes, and inftead of them put Aconitttm bnccU mbcii & ruf»ii: but I thinke I have more truely referred it to the Chnfiophorianx. In the Venues like wife put out the Panaces Carpinon^ nd all that folio wcth,and in the place thereof let thefe lines-, Commas faith, they gave ic the name of Aconitum , rather from the likenefle unto an Aconite then frorrwny deliceriall quality they knew to be in it, and fuppofeth that the white berries fhould rather portend good then harmc. Page \ 87. Lines pu t of the 1 8 15; and part of the 20. are to be llruckc out,not being intended for that place, as may plainely be difeerned by the relation. And in the (dread thereof read thefe lines •• The fourth is called by Clufiw Apocynum Syriacum P alejhtrttm, & forte dAd.gjptium, bccaufe he itferreth it to the 'Bcidclfar of Alpinws in his Bookeof Egiptian plants, and to the Ojfarfiutcx of Honor ins Beilw in his third Epiftle to him, faying with* all, that Doftor Chriftopbej Wei x'm,gave him the dryed branch, which he fet forth, and that as he told him he gathered it ncere the River Jordan , in TaUftina where it grew, and the people there called it Beidfar : this is CliifiM his relation and Judgement thereof: I havefaid fomewhat hereof in my former Booke, page 444, But I would to exphine it the better, addc fomewhat more thereunto. Firft that it is not probable to me that this plant which Clufius fetteth forth (and is without all question the very fame that rofe with me from the feed was brought out of New England upon the firft difeovery thereof, both ftalkes, leaves, and flowers, agreeing I o exact¬ ly thereunto, and both forme and colour of the flowers anfwering it in every point, oncly the pods white feed anfwcreth not unto this, which I doubt therefore is but miftaken) fhculd be found naturall to thofe parts, fee¬ ing as I Laid ic is naturall to Virginia, or Nero England, and efpecially that the name Beidfar fhould be given to it, which is moft probable belongeth to that of Alpinw i and Bcllw , which is quite a differing plant from this 2s I (heyved in my former Booke,both from the growing hercof,which dyeth downe every yearc,and from the railkc it giverh, which Is not caufticke like the O (Tar, and in the rootes which are running underground, which thco- ther doth nor. And thirdly, they fay that the Otfar or Beidelfar bcareth yellow flowers, and not expre'fl'ed to grow in clufleis as this doth ; and Laftly, that the pods of this Apocjnttm are crooked, according to the forme expreffed in the figure, when as thofe of Ojfar are round like Tefticles, and thofe that Clafsw fetteth forth are not crooked like unto theft. Basthmas in following fhewerh that he never faw the plant, and therefore ta- keth it .for graunted whatfeever he Laid, or Wcixltu informed him, when as by this that I have here delivered it is probable Waxias was miftaken, and that hath caufed all thefe errours : as alfo that of Bauhinas > that would make it a kindc of Docke, calling it Lap at ham esEgjptiacnm IjftcJccns[ilicjua Afclepiadu t which hath fo little cor- refpondence with reafon and judgement, chat I wonder that fo famous an Herbarift ^sBanhinas was, fhculd relye upon anorhers foolifh opinion in the denomination thereof, and fo divulge it to the world, whereof I have formerly Laid fomething .* The fifeh is remembred by Corntttw, among his Canada plants. RanuntuluA fylvarum five Anemone(ylvcflris flou plenodlko. The double white vrilde Anemone to be inferred in p.jaj. 6. Pfeudopacyntiw Virginiamm , alijs Gelfcminu m Antri- canum maximum (fore phdnieeu. The great Oi renpe coloured P T irgin:a Ialminc. to be inferred p.j8j C ccc ( 01 i68o 'Tkeatro'Botanico appendix. Of PhilMgittm in p. 418. Tht Vertua. Spiderwort is of tfpeciall property agamd all vcnome and po*(bns, as well of animalls, the Scorpion Spider Pkil*r.ginm ,and other Serpents, as otherbesar.devillayres or other quality whatfocver: it is held alio to be pre. (crva ivc ag linft infeftion, to continue the taking of tire whole herbe, with the routes either the pouther in wine or the decoflion for a time, or to be tunned up with (ome Angelica, GoatesKue,and Zdoaria tit is lingular good alho againfl the winde and chollicke, to eate the tormenting paines thereof, and toavoid urine being ltoppcd,or the paines of the done. a R ri'X foxtrajcr-Jt Hijpavcrun tit aBiiptiUiCOrtcfncxbtbdur. Tue roote of the Sp i -'ifti Cantrujeiv -.’..as Cortcfut fcueih it forth. ro be refetred co p.421. 6 Polygonum SerptUifolio Lobtlij, Lcbc f s Knotgraffe with Mother of Time leans, p.446. 1. PruncllJivlgoiu. Common Scluhtale. p. fieTmitum/yfaeftruvulgare. Our ordinary wilde Clary, or OcvAut chri\jlt, p. y ji. X. n.dli**,n five Alcea /Egyptia mofehata: 3 o 1 eft Abutilon verum Avicenna Pona. 307 Abhel.i.Sabina. 1028 Abies mas & femina. 1 539,1540 Marina. 130 J A bigavel Ajuga.i.Cliamspitys. 284 Abrong vel AbrugiSerapionisDodona:o # i Pifumcordatum. 1378 Abroranum mas 32. AlbumCordi. ioo Mas Anguilara.i. Sementina. 104 Anguftifolium maximum. 94 Anguftifoliam minus. 95 Arborefcens mas 92. Aborefcens veio faemina Dodonxo 94. Campeftre. 9} Campeftre incanum ibidem. Campeftre maximum. ibid. Humilc fire denfe fruticofum Lobelij. 9 5 Humile odoratum.j 3. Inodorum. ibid. Majus. 9»* Magnum Camphoiatum. 94 Nigrum Cordi.i.VuIgare. 94 Sylvcftre Tragi.i.Campeftre. 93 , Vulgarc. 92 Abrotanum feemina Fuchfij & aliorunvi. Abfinthium Ponticum vulgare,loo. Faemina arborefcens. 94 Faemina Dodonaei,i.masalioium. 9 * Erics folijs. 96 Folijs Rofmarini majus & minus. ibid. Folijs Cuprefti & Sabins.ibid. 197 Magnum. 9 y Narbonenfe magno flore. “ 95 Peregrinum Lobelij, • 96 Repens.ibid. Salmanticenfium. 97 Viridesminus 96. Vulgare. 9? Abrotanoides faxea. 1 3 o 2 Abfinthinmalbum.98.10f). Album Valtfiacurri. 9 9 iEgyptium. 104. Alcxandrinum,i.Santonicum Alcxandrinum. Alpinum candidum humile Bauhino. j 00 Alpinum incanum. 99 Alpinum minus 100. Anguftifolium ; i,Lavcndul«e folio. Arborefcens Lobelij. 94 Auftriacum,98. Del Comafio Anguilar*. 94 GalatiumSardonium. Ioo Inodorum 98. Infipidum Dodonxi. 94 Infipidum Lobelij. i 00 Lacifolium maritimum. 104 MarinumMifnenfe,io3. Marinum Taber. 97 Maritimum Lavendulz folio. j oz Montanum Camerario. 100 Monranum.i.Ponticum verum. ioo Nabathaeum Tabermontano.i.Tenuifoliutn Auftriacum. Pannonicum florc albo.i. Vmbclliferum. 99 Ponticum Creticum, 98. Ponticum Dod. i.Romanum. Ponticum five Romanum vulgare. 98 Ponticum TridentinUm. IOo Ponticum verum. l00 Pumilum Camcrarij.i. Album Vallefiacum forte. 100 Santonicum Czfalpini.i. Ponticum vulg. 100 Santonicum Gallicum. 103.Santonicum ^gvptiacum, ioz Santonicum Iudaicum. lc , 4 Sardonium.i.Santonicum ^gyptjum, j Q2 Sardonium Alexandrinum- ibid Seriphium Anglicum & Belgicum. io2.Scriphiu iEg)ptiacu.lo4 Scriphiunn D"don^i.i.Tcnuifolium Auftriacum. 100 Seriphium femina Gefneri.i. Album Vallefiacum. Ioo Seriphium Narbonenfe. 102. Gallicum. jog Serjphium Gcrmanicum. 102 Tmuifolium Auftriacum. 98 Vnibdlifcrum.98, Vmbelliferum alterurn. 99 Italicum.10 2. Italicumalcerum. 100 Vulgare minus.i.Ponticum verum. 10^ X.intonicum idemeum Santonico. Abfus Alpini 1 toi.Abutilon Avicennas vulg. 305 Abutalon Ponz. 8 f ftlpmi aliud. 307 Indicum Camerarij 305 AocalisDiofc.Amato Lufitano.i.Erica refia baccisalbis, 148$ Camerario Bellonio & aliis Kefmefcn.i.Ceraci* fimilisplantaSyriaca. : 1677 Acacia iEgvptia, 1 547. Americana ibid. Robini.t.Pfeudoacacia Americana iJ 5® Altera Diofcoridis. jy.43 Altera AnguilarXji. Afpalatbus alter Diofc." 1000 Altera Matthioli. ibid. Prima Macthioli i.Arbor Indz cui Cpinxadncxx. if y 5 Alba & nigra, 1549.Trifolia Bauhino. 1000 Mas & faemina 1S49 * Quid pro Acacia fuftituendum. 10331X034.1452.1455.1526. Acajou & Acajous fire Cajous. . j j68 Acanacea quae funt. 060 Acanos Tl cophraftijibid, Bcllonij. 980 Acantha& Acantha i£gyptia,Hippocratis& Theophrafti.i. Acacia .Egyptian. ,... Acantha alba. 978 Acantha Lcuche monachorum, g 71 Anguilarae & Lobelij. Tragiji.Acanthiom. g Q Acant'icaMaftiche. ^71 Acanthioides parva Apula Column*. afa Acanthium album,Illyricum & vulgare. 979 Montanum Dalechampij. g Peregrinum, 990. Tragj s i.Carduusbenediftu5\, 9 Acanthus aEgyptia Athenafi. Baccifera Virgilij. Germanicujji.Sphondyliurn majus, Saciyus &Sylveftris. Sylveftiis Lugd.i.Carduuspratcnfis Tragi. Sylvcltris alter Dalechamp.j.i.Carduuj flfphodell radicibus, s, Iveliris five oculcatus,vcl fpinofus Ac3rna major caulcfoliofo,& non fuliofo. Altera Apula. Flore luteo paculo. Flore purpureo rubente, Globoiiscapitulis, Humiliscaulefoliofo. Minor caule non fo.'iofo fiye Leoferbr. Theophrafti. Acanus Theophrafti. Acaron 8 c Acxron.i.Rufcus. Acedula.i .Acerofa, 74 y. A<;cipicrina,i.Hicratinum. Acer majusfive Latifolium. Minus five tenuifolium. Gallicum Gazs, ibid. Creticum trifolium. Montflnum,ibid. Tuber Aceris Plinij. Acetabulum majus. »- e Alterurn Cordi,i. Craft'uh vulgaris. Majus purpureum. Acetofa Americana,744: Ampliflimo folio. A nguftifolia elatior altera. Arvenfis i.vulgaris Bnlbofa, Bulbofa montana. Ddddddda- /-> i?49 ibid. & 1690 IndiX Latims . Calths foliis,ibid.Cambro Britauica. 745 Cretica,744. Franca. 742 H ifpaaica,74i. lndica. _ 744 L.-inccol.it.ij745.Maxima Germanjca. 742 Ocinnifulio,744. Minima,74? Montana. ibiu Neapolitan.!,744,Romana,742.Scmaca. 744 ftorfnidjf'jlia Alpinn,74i. Vulgaris. ibid Tubcrof»rad:ce,744. Vtficaria^S. Zazinthina. 744 Acc:oiclla 3 i.Acctolaminima,745.ftcetum. 1558 Acbanaci Thcvai. 1652 Achaovan abiad ^.gvpriorum Alpino,i. Arthemifia marina five Ia- Cubxa marirta vulgaris. 670 Achillea Dodonxi.i.Millcfolium vulgnre. Lutca. 693 Matthioli,i.Tanacctum florc albo.Montana. 80 Montana Arthemifix tcnuifolix facie. 695 Nobilis odorata. - 693 MontanaLobdii,i.lutra, 695 Sideritis lutca. 693 Achillcos vcra Plinii,27 3.Cxfalpini,i.Centairium luieumpcrfoJia- tum. ibid Achmopoda & Ecbinopoda Crctcnfium. 1003 Achladcs func Pyra Cictica cxigua fylvefttta. 1501 Acidula,:. Acctola. Acinaria marina,i.Lcnticula marina. 1281 Acinariapaliiftris,i. Vaccinia, paluflria. 1229 Acino* Anglica,2 2. Auftrinca. 21 iJiofcoridis,23.LatifoliaColumnx. 22 t Aconitum Americanum.i.Doronicum Amcrlcanum. 324 Baccifcium,i.Chriftophonana. 380 Batracbioidcs. . 339 Caeruleum Aucumnalc. 3 13 Candidum Lugdunenfis. 339 Cxrulcum majus & minus,i.Napdlu* major 3 m,& minor. 313 FJore albo Gefneri, 315. Folio fubrotundo,i. Doronictbrachu- mataradice. 13S Heliaruhcmum Canadcrtfc Cornuti,i, Dororcicum Amcrica- num. 314 . Hyemalc. 3 14 Lyco&onum & Cyno&enum autumn ale. 3 13 dLycodonum cxrulcumtertium Dodcnari. 315 Lycc&onuin cxrulcum parvum. ibid i-ycodonumflorc Delphimi majus & minus. » 3 10 L\ccdonum florc lutco Camcrarii. 31 5 Lycodonum prarcox. 313 Maximum coma nutsnte. ibid Monococcum Cordhi.HtrbaParis, 391 Pardalianchesrmjus & minus. 3 17,318 Pardajianchcs Fuchfii,& Herba Paris. Pardalianchcs Matthioli. 3 t Ponticum prxcocius & ferotinum. 310 Purpureum aliud. 315 Rxcmofuro,i. Chriflophoriana. 380 Salutifcrum T. b.rmontani,i.Hcrba Paris. Salutiferum aliis,i. Anti ora. 31$ Suppofitititim,i.L>oronicum.‘ 323 Viobccum, 31 j Aroma,!. Acarna. Acorus Aquitanicus,i2l9.Adultcrinus & fains five Paluftris. ibid Thcophrafli Anguibra,i.Tracopogon lacini.ms folii j. 413 Vcrus Diofcoridcs perperam Calamus Aromancus officinarum. 139 Actum 8c Acrtfrn lylvaticum,i.Achillea fidcritis fivcMillcfoliu.dps A£t*a Plinii Lobelio>380. Vera,i'.Ebu!us, ibid Acua,i. Potionis genus ex Maiz apud indos Occidentals, 11 3 9 Acula & Acus Veneris. 917 Aculcofa Gazx,i Onopordon Gerardi,938. Acus mofebata. 711 AcuspaftoriSj9n. Acutaipina. 1025 AcutellaCcrdi, i. Anonis fpinofa. 994 Acylaca& Acylon. 1 395JIJ98.1400 Adhntum album Plinii. 1042 Americanum. 1049 Aureum,iof2. Brafilianumfrutkbfiim. 1050 Album Cordi,i,Ruta muraria. 1050 Filicis folio,i.Dr yopteris Candida. 1042 Furcatum ThaIio,i.Filix faxatilis Tragi. *045 Nigrum vcrum,i. Nigrum vulgare, 1049.1050 Syriacum Lobclio. 10 50 Adonis flosjoperc priore. Adotcum, 1121,1124 Adrac! la Cretenfiuru,& Adrachnc arbor. 1490 Adrachne agriafl.Portulaca fylveftris. iEgilops arbor,i.Ccrrus mas Querci fpccics. 1387 iEgilcps BromcidesBdgarum. 1149 Narbonenfium. 1147 ALginocl.os Plinii,i.Lithofpermum. 433 ^gipyron Cr»cTX,i. Anonis fpinofa vtrfgar?*, 995 Aigobchros Plinii quibufd;Tn,i.Rani;r.culus Jute us nquaticus. 1217 Gefncro i.Dentaria major Matthioli 1363 iEgopodium 1 abermonrani,] Podagraria. . S 45 ALIeagnus Tbcophtafli Mattliiolo,Lobclio & aliis,i.O\caflet Cap- padecicus. 1441 Quibufdam Salix Caprea fvciotundifolia, 1431 Cordiji.Myrru* Brabantica. 1452 /Equum Gazac oiaif 1 hcophrafli, i. quibufdam Groflulariafive Vvacrifpa. ALra Plinii & Grxcotum,i Lolium itiaria Gaza Thcophrafti Lugduncnfi.i.Carduus Sghx- rocephalus. £78 Anginlaix,i. PimpineUa fpinofa. • Airomcli Mel aercum 1.Manna liquid*. Ailchinomcnes Apollodoio,i Heiba viva. 1618 iEchiopis & l.iciniaiis folhs. •' • 57 Aga Crctenfiqm, i.Sil bum Bxticum. y 970 Agallo:hum,i.Lignum Aloes. AgaluginArabum,i.Lignum Aloes. *564 Agaricus ex Laricc,248. 1 Ex a bis lignis. 250.1534 baxatilis. , 7 ,1.324 Aga fuga Bcllonio.i Pyrafylvcftiia Crcutc. Agavanm Cretcnfibu',i,Acanus. L / .975 Agcm Lilag perra:um,i.Libc vellafuiinunj Ptlficum:- 1469 Agerat.m Diofcoridis, ' 71 Album & Iuteu, . 7 8 Aliud quurundam L 1 ■ .'uncnCum, ,71 Fcrulaccum Lugduncnfis. 86,1373 Purpureum cjufdcui. ; Agiahnlid Alpaio. 'liatz Agttatorium Gaziji Ebtcrium. >' j6i Aglaophotis i€hani,i.Pxomiautfcrtnr. 1381 Corcufi i. Hemionitis multifida. f gnus Caftus folio nngufliorc. *4?7 A_gnusSc.rhicus, 161 8. Agria,i.Agrifolium. i486 j Aeriacantl a Ruelliifji.Onopyxus. 985 Af>refta,i 5 57. Agrimoma odorata. 594 Agrimonialylveftris.i.Potcntilla.593. Vulgaris, 594 Quondam nobifeum Argcmonc. , 376 j Agiimonoidcs.594. Agriocinaia Crctcnfiim, 974 ! Agriocardamum i.Cardammc, 826 Agriomclea Bellonii. 1425,1459 Agnoriganum,i.Majoranafylvcftiis five Origanum Onkis majus. 14 flgrio paflin3ca,9 23 Agwoltari. 1*44 Aguila brava,i.Lignum Aloes f Ivcflrc, J 56 5 Ahovai T 1 cvcti. 1633 Aies,i,Pappaj vcl Battatas quoddam. 1382 Ait.i. Ncgundo. 1 6 <;o AithaL'Sji.Scdumminus. ... 75 T Aizoon acre 736. Aibotcfccns, , 730 Dafiphyllum. 73 y ; Magnum. ' 732 | Minimum. 735 Minus. 73 ^ I Percgrinum. 715 Scorpioidts. 7 3 y Abbalirites Lobclio,i.Dentaria. 619 . AladlndiSji.Curcirm five Crocus Indieus. 1584 Ahternus primus Dalcchampihi.Phillyrea. 1444 Major & minor. 1445 Albinum,i Gr«phaIiL'm,6S7. Album olur. nz Alcanna Arabum, 1447.1, Cyprus Plinii. quibufdam,!. Anchufa. 517 Alcea iEgypciacamnfchata. 3c* -^gpuaalicra vulgaris. 303 Americana,302. Minor. 301 Minor villofiQbid. Pcntaphyllxa. 302 , Th uringica Camcrarii. 307 I Vcfleam live Vcneta. 302 Villofa Dalcchampii.i Villofa minor. 307 Vulgaris & /lore albo. 321 Alchimilech ^gypticrum,i.Melilotus iEgypris.. 7.9 Alckimilfa major 538 Minorqiinquefolia. ibid I Minima montana Column*. 449 I Altcrum genus ColtmnXji.Tormcmiila, 394 Aldifrigi Avicennx. 1024 Alcftoroloplttis,59i Clulioji.Pedicularis. 714 Alpina major & minor Clufio. ibid j Plinii DalccI ampio.i.Alliaria. uj PratenGs lutca. 714 Alga bombicina.i 261. Marina graminea. I291 ! Aquatica capillacca. 1261 ! Fontalis. 12.69 I Intybacca. Latifolia & marina anguflifolb. 1193 Palufliij, Index Latinus, 1691 PaluliriSji.Nymphxa. Tinftoria. 115? 1390 Alcxipharmacum Indicum. 4 11 Algalia, i.Zibcttum. 1614 Algodon,i.Gofi'ipium. 1 1 5 x Alhagi M3uroriun RauwolfioJ. Gcnifta fpartium Syriacum iniu- jus folia decidit Manns fpcoies Pcrfis. 1 °°3 Alhenne,i. Alcanna. 1447 Alicaji iz7. Alifier Gallorum. *459 Alifma botrioidcs five ramofum Thai i Elleborinc florc rubro. 219 Cordi & Gcfneriji.Bifolium. 5 °* CaTalpini,i.DigitaIis,6 55. Diofcoridis amultis refcrta. 1246 Folioglabro & hirfuto,65 j. Frutican*Guilandino. JX38 Lobelio, i.Planrago aquatica. 12 4 ® Matthioli,i.Doronicum Gerraanicum. 3 2 3 Sylvarum Cdlumna,i.Paralyfis herba. 53 7 Tcnuitolium Thalii,i.£llcborine minor. 2I 9 Tragi, i. Balfamica mas five major. Alifmausfpccies Gcinero& fhalio,i.CalceoIu*Mari*» 219 Alkakengi Indica,46». Virginiana.ibid. Vulgaris. ibid Alkali,Tidc Kali. Alk'tran velKiiran Arabum,i Cedrium. *53 3 Alfeluja,i.Trifolium Acctofum vel ®xys. 74 6 Alliaria,ii2 Alhaftrum } i. Alliaria. I Allium angwinum 872. bicorne,i.rubcntibus nucleis. ibid Sylveftre,87o.Vifinum. ibid. Virginianum Bauliino, i Phalangium Ephemerum Virginianum. Almaru & Maru,herba Dodonzi,i Cerinthe major. A)ma,i.Iambos. Almaru: AvicenHS,i.Lafcrpicium. 93 8 , Alnus,i 4 o8. Alpinaminor. I4°9 Baccifcra % 240. Nigra. ibid Fohoincano,i4©9. Hirfura. ibid, & 1688 Aloe Americana,! 49 Caballina,i5 i.Hepatica. ibid Metallica five Foililisjbid. Succotrina. ibid Vulgaris, ibid. 8 c 1545 Alopccuros Anglica & Flandrica. I166 Gcnuina,ibid. Graminca Dalecfi, 1107 Maxima Anglica. 1166 Alopccuroides,! 167. Vide Gramen Alopcciiroidcs, Alpiua Gazx,i.Populus Lybica. Alpifti. 1164 Alfinanthcmos Thaliiji.Pyrola Alfines flore Europara. 5 10 Alpina eadem. Alfineaffinis Bauhinoj. AndrofaccMatthioli. 561 Alpina glabra,763. Alpina minima glabra. ibid Alpina lunceofolio,ibid. Aitifljma ntmorumBauhino. 760 Aquatica major,media &< minima. J 2 59 Aquatica minor folio oblongo, 1260 Baccifaa,7 5 9. Bzrica. 760 Caefalpini,i.Cynocrambe Mattliioli. Corniculata Clufii,i. LychnisfegetumminorBauhini. £34 Facie planta nova Colamns,i.Cynocrambc eadem, 298 Hedcrar folio major & minor. 761 Hirfuta i.Myoforis Lobclii. Hifpida Thalii eadem. Laciniata,76o. Lucea Lugd.i.Anagalttslutea. Major, minor & minima. 1259,1682 Marina,128. Maritima Neapolitans. ibid Maxima,780. Montanacapillaceofolio. 763 Montana maxima hcderacea Columns. 761 Mu/cofa,764.Myotctis fcorpioides. 692 Nodofa Gallica,763. Nodofa Germanica, 764 Pal uftris, 1260. Parvarcfta. 760 Pelagitum genus Clufii. Ia8i Petrsa.763. petrsarubraTabermontani. yi 7 Purpnrea > i.Mufcipula Lob.Repens anguftifoliaflore rubente,763 Re 4 h parva Camcrarii. 760 Refta flore ccerulen, 1160. Scandcns. 7 6o Spuria Dodonari',7 65- Symphiti petrsi capitulis. j6 o Teuuifoliatricophyllcs Columns,!. Sagina SpcrgulaBaufoino. 561,760 TVidnQylitcs Alpina. 415 Trieopbyllos Camcrarii. 760 Triflaginis folio. 764 Verna Dalechampii,i.Coryophyllusarvcnfis umbellatus. Veronics foliis,761,1. Alyffum Diofcoridis Columns. 591 VifcanaCamerarii,76j. ViCcofa. 764 Altercum & Altercangenam.i.Hjrofcyanius. 363 Altharea arborea fivearborefeens. 303 Flore majore vel grandi. 307 Flore Iuteo,303.Noncft Abutilon Avicenns. 307 Frutcxprima Clufii. 305 Froiicofa Crctica,i. Frutex fertia Clufii. 306 Hortenfis fivaperegrina Dodqnsi* 307 Lignofa Dalechaaipij. ibid Lutea,?o j.Paluftris Cytini florc. 305 Pannonica, 303* Rofca. ibid. Peregrinates. Semper virens Brvoniar folio. ibid. Theophrafti,307. Thuringiaca. ibid Vulgaris. 303 Altiht Avicenna:,i.Laferpirium. 1569 Alum & Alus,i« Sympbitum majus. 524 Alumen Cacinum vel Calinum,i Salalkali. 280 Alpias & Alypinm Aftuarii. 199 Alypia* /Etn Anguilara,i.Chamslsa Alpina. aot Alypias Guilandino. 189. i.Tithymalus verrucofus Dalecb. Alvpum Diofcoridis Angmlara,i.Tithymalus marinus Venetiui. 184. Monlpelienfc. 198 Quibufdam Lugduncnfi,Ptnfmica Aliis Conyza tertia. 2 00 Alyflum iEtii>i.Sideritis Hcraclea* 591 Alteram Diofcoridis. 590 Diofcoridis,589. Diofcoridis Csfalpinoji.MeliffaMolucca, 43. GalcniClufio. 590 Galeni Cslalpino & Baubino. 43 Gerraanicum Echioides Lobelii. 767 Matthioli,i.Thlafpi Grscum Lobclii. 859 Minus Dalechampii idem. ibid Montanum Columns. 5901682 Minus Plinii Gefnero,i. Afperula odorata. 563 Aliis Galeni,ibid.Turnero& aliis Alpcrula cariulca. ibid Verticillatumfoliiscrenatis. 590 Aman quibufdam,i.Horminum Syriacum, 5 9 Amarscus Galeni,13. Alioium,i4. Serpens. ibid Amaradulusfive Dacamara & Solanum lignofum. 350 Amaranthus coccinen«,7 5 4.Coccineus clegans maximus^ 753 T ricolor, 7 54.Lureus, Gerardi,i.Stschas Cicrinafylveflrior.69 Lutcus major Tragi,689 Non purpureas Tragi,i.Circsa. 689 Amarella Gefnerih.Polygala recentiorum. 1333 Ambare & Ambares,i63 4 Ambcla,i.Charamei. Amba & Ambo.i.Mangs fruftus. 1631 Ambar dulcis & Ambra dulcis Clufii,i. Tragoriganum vel Ma- rum. 14. Ambra alba & Citrinafive lurea,i565. Ambra grifea, j 566 Ambreboi,i.Cyamis Orientalis. 483 Ambrofia,88.Altera Mattliioli,95. Hortenfi*. 88 Lcprophyllos,95. Maritima. 89 Matthioliji.Abrotonum carnpeftre. 95 Montana Dalechampii Lugdu.i.Pyrola ; j 1 o Spontana ftrigofior Lobclii. 503 Tenuifolia Lobclii. 9 5 Ambrofis alterafprcics Cordi,i.Botrys, “ 89 AmcdanuSji.Ainu* vulgaris. ** Mcjj AmelancliicrLobelir. 1459 Amcllus Alpinus, i33.Cordi & Guilandin/a, i. Chelidoniummi¬ nus. til MontanusColumns,! 17. Paluftris Columna.i.Tripolium. Virgilii verus Mattbiolo, i. After Atticus Icalorum flore pur— pureo. , ? x Aminea. 1594. Amirberis. 102^ Arnrai Creticum,912. Parvum.' ibid Perpufillum,9i 3. Quorundam Dalechampio,i.Eryngium tnon» tanum recentiorum five Crithmum MatthioJo. Verum.913. Vulgare. gtz Ammioides & Ammiofelinum Tabermontani. 9x3 Amomis Diofcoridis Plinii Csfalpini,i.Rofa Hiericonte3. 1384 Spuriura five Amomis Clufii ad Garziam. 1566 Amomum genuinum Pons. 1566, A!iudquorunday,i. Garyophyl- Jon Plinii,1567. Anguilarc,i.Piper caudatum. , Cordi,i.Rofa’Hiericontea. J ^4 Falfum GefncrOji.Ribcs fruftu nigro. 1563 Officinarum non null arum Lobclio,i. Piper Ethiopicum Matth, Officini* noftris & aliis, i. Cariophyllon Plinii, Qaatramio,i. Myrtus Brabantica. 1^66 Quibufdam GermanisCordo,i.Botryos femen. 89 Germanicum aliud, i.Sifon vel Sifum. pi j Qjiibuldam Acorus, aliisPes Columbinus. 1567 Plinii,i.Solamum fruticofum. Gefncro Si Lobclio,i. PfcUdocap- ficum Dod. Amorrhea Athensi,86o.Amota.i Caftanea. ,4 01 AmoteSji.Battats Species, 1381. Amphibion. ijq Ampe!oprafum ; 870. Prohfcrum. Amuale Indis Garzia, i. Myrobalanus Emblicus. i4 S Amygdalus dulcis & amarus, 1515. Amygdalo Perficus,ibid. Amyg¬ dala Peruana Clufii forte. x Amufa, i.Mufa. Amurca.i.Fix Olei. 1012 1439 Anabafis Dodo, five Ephedra Phaii,i. polygonum bacciferum fcan- dens,45i. Anicampferos Gefneri,i.Craflula major. ^18 Anacardia,! 568.Mel Anacardinum, ibid, arborcfceni. 360 Anadcndromalache Galeni,i. Malua. Amgallis aquatica,i.Becabuaga ,1136. Major. ibid Anguilara Cordo Fuchfio & aliis,i. Si>lm Dtofcof, 1138 Ddddddd 3 Xr j g(> 1692 Index Latims. Trsgo. vcro & aiiis Sitim non odoratum. ibid Angullifcliaquatra Lobelij. 1237 Anguftifofia b'cutellata. jb;d. Folio oblongo mucronato. ibid. Foliis Pulegii. ibid. Tercia Lobelii, ^ a bid, Quibufdain i. Granola minor. zzi Alns Auricula muris. 692. Aiiis Corcorus. 559 Anagalliscampeftris flore phiniceo vulgaris. 5 57 Flore obfdctepurpurafcuis. ibid Florecanuleo.ibid. Flore carneo. 558 Flore luteo* • ibid. Tenuifolia Monelli flore ckruleo amplo. ibid. Anagyrisprima 144. Altera, 245 Anagyrin commovereqHid. 246 Ananas five Pinas. 1626 Ananas bravas five f> I veftns. 1617 Anapalus Belloniis. i. Ficus Indicafpinofa major. Anblarum Ccrdi & Dodonari. 1563 Ancbufa Alcibiadion,& arborea.517Atvends ilba Thalii.i.Luho- fpennum arvenferadicerubra.43 3. Altera Cordi.i.Rugloflum fylveftre minus alterum. 767 Alttra Omerarii.s 17. Cretica humilis. ibid Hchioides Columna.i.Symphitum anguftifo.Ncapolitanum. 524 Drgcner Lobclu.i Lithofpcrmum arvenfe radicc iubra, 433 Exalbido flore. 517. Lutca major & minor. 5.15 Lignofior anguflifolia. 517. Minor Cordi. 7 67 l’urpureaminor. 5 1 7. Supina floreobfeuro. ibid, Andirian Rhafis.i. Cappausfabago.- , 1024 Andrachne vel Adrachne arbor. 1490 Nigra. , ‘ i 9 5 Andioface alteraMatthioli s 60 Matth flve Cotvltdon marina.. 1302 Alt c ra Macthioh major, 560. A-inpi^ibid. Minima. ib d. Btllooii i. Ephedra five Anabahs. 451 Trago & Aik uil.ua l.Cufciita. r Androfxmum alburn Dafechampii Lugdundn/i. 574 ' Alterum Apulmn» 576 I Fxtidutn,ibid.Matchio!i. y 7 y j Eli.futum & alterum hirlutum., ibid. | Maximum frutefeens 577. Vulgarc. 575 Andryala major & minor Lpgdu^cnfis- 804,806 A.Qdnonc Leiiroma Theophrafli Frcrnii geniuus Qzza Limoniumdiftum i. Anemone fyly^ftn*. j 24 g Latifoliaprinia CIuln } 3 4 2, Laiflolia chermcflna. ibid Lj r iia flore purpureo. ibid Maxima Chalcedonies. ibid Tenuifolia flore violacco., ■_ Miun.i.Argcmone. ' ~ ' ^ 7Q Minor Coiiandrifolio Lobelii,!. Argifmone. ibid Narboncnfls covniculats Lobelii, i, Papayer ccrniculatum viola- bid Svlvcflris flore plcno alba. Antthum fylveftre 915. majus & minus. : Tortuofum & fylveftre, i.Meum. V^gsre. Aijgarathi,i.Salvia fruticofa anguflifolia. Angelica aquarica, Aero purpurea Canadcnflj Baccifera,i. Panaces ractmofa Americana. Erratica 943. Montana. Lucida Canadcnfis. Sativa 039. Sylvcflris. Sylveftris minor; Sy lveftrft hirlUta inodora. Angel.ca vitium.943. Angina lini.i.Cufcut Anguinca quai ica Lobtlii. Angutia Americana 773 iTgyptiaca, Tignofa caine ibid.Vulgaiioi. Veificolore pilie. Anjudcn, i.Planta Lafcrpui/ Anil hcrbaftvelndico. 1679 886 889 8 86 S3 941 950 950 941 9 SO 941 9 ^ ibid 10 1244 ibid I 77 1 77 J ! 938, 1 5^9 i 7 °i 6 oo } lOgo Antmumgummi fpecicsterua* Orientale Amato. 1 5 «8 AnimeOccidcnt.tlc. 1-6jo Anlfomarathrumo. Amhrifciis five Scandix Cretica minor Col. 91 7 Anifuin, 911.. Philippinarum Infularnm, 1,69 Anonfruftas. 16 iz Anon is non Ipinofa flore luteo major & minor. 9 », Lutea vaiiegata,jbid. Minor flare luteo pendulo. ■ ibid Flore purpureo.99 3. Purpur.nnte, 994 Spinofa realbo J 993. Purpurco. Montana lutea major & minor* • . ... Anon;.mos Clufii prima,i.Linaria monrana. 4 6 0 Altera Clufii,i.Cbamxciftu* feptimus eidem. €">7 Flore Colurear ejufdcm.i.Pfeudoch imarbuxus,- \ Anflirifcus. Anth) His altera Iialorum. 282, 568 A ltcra Dinfcoridis. .3 z Altera herbariorum. jkjj AlteraClufiiji.Ivamofehata Mqnfpe.ibid. Sc 569 Chaqia'pity flmilis Cordi. 2 g Q Chamatpityoides frutefeeus. 282 Cordi trlcici granis,i,Salicorni.i. 2 8 i Claviculata Lugdunenfis.i. Aftragalus. 1087 Leguminofi vulgaris flore luteo, & flore purpurafeente log j.Ltn. tifimilis.Dodo. l0 ^ Marina Battica, 1094. Falcata Cretica. ibid Vcficaria Hifpanica. ;b 1( j Major Cordi,1. Chrithmum Chryfanthcmum. 1181 Major,minor & brcvior Cordi,i. Tnpolu genera. 674 Mari'.ima I.entifolia,i8i. Incana. jg t Ch.'mxficz fimilisji. Valentina Clufliforte Bauhino. Piima Diofcoridis Ca:faIpino,i.Cliryfanthcmum Littorcum Lebelio. I2 g 7 Altera Dodonxi Lugdunenfls,i. Kali minus album. Montana Lugdunenfis,i.Linaria montana. Portlandix Lentifolia Pcnx. *8* Salfa Camcraiion. Kali cochleato femine. 280 Sccunda herbatio, Logduncnfi.i.lva Mof.hat-a Monfudiaca. i8z Anthyfloydes Tfialii.i Kaliminus album. z 8o Antipachts,!. Corallium nigrum, 1301 Antirrhinum majus medium,& minus. 13 ? ’ Medium flore albo. Diofcoridis Cxfalp.no, i.Alfinc Triftaguis folio. 76c £>axaiile Baufime. i??j. Tragi. i.Luttola. ^ 04 Antonians vcl Sanfti Antoni»hcrba,i.Lyfimachia filiquofa major. Antophy!Ji funt Cai yophylli aromatici majortj . Anu .Icji.MyrobaJafiUj Emblicus. 248 Apargia.i. Hieratiumlongiusradicatum. 791 Aparinc major,Plirui Tabcrmontano,i.Dorragominor fylveft. 767 Cordi ji.Atpcrulaodoraia. . 56, floribus purpurcis. 5 emine Co-iindri faccharati. Sylveftnsquxdam Cordi.i, Afperula odorata. <6 ? Vulgaris. S Apa-e Dalcchampiiji.Chond.rilla ejeruleaBelgarum. 787 Aphaca Diofcmidi, Galeni & Plinii.i Aphacx lutealegumen.1067 Lcgumrn Theophrafli Lugdunenfi,i.Leimodoron vcl Orobanche Diolconcis. ^ g M-’itihio.'o & a/iis,i.Vicia vulgaris. IQJ \ 1 ,lc ophrafti.Lobelio & Dalcchampio, i Cichorium lute am Pn - tcnlc. , ‘ 1 Bauhino.i, Chondrilla viminea ^ ^779 Cxfdpim Sc aliorum.i.Dens Lconis. _g t Column*.i.Chcndulla viminaljbus.virgis. '784 Tabermonraniji. Hieratium fuum qnintura & Chondrilla foliu glabrum nobifeum. Tragi,i.Erygerum. Apha.ca Theopiirafii Lugduncnfl i.Abternm primus Clufii. 1444 Aphroicotodon,!.Allium fativum tertiumDodonxi. Aphyllantcs Anguilara & Camciario,i.Beilis cxrulca. <>i Dodonxiji.StxbeSalamantica Cluflj. A7Q Lugduncnfis feainda,i.Morfu* diaboli fpecies. j fmm nfpClienfiUm L0bcli ° ji ’ Ca W h > 1]us catruIcusMon/pclicfi- Apiaftellum.i.Bryonia. Aptaflrum Piinii CotdOji.Ranuneulus paluftris Apii folio. ,’1,7 Mitthiolo Lobelio St aiiis,i.Mrlifli Y ' Apms Fuchfu TragiS: aliorum.t.Tem glandcs. , 0 5, Turner, , Chamarbalanus live Nncula Kueilris. 8o . Tubcrufa & vera.i.Tirhymalus rubcroftis: , ^ ] Apmm agreftc. Atjuaticum Tragi.i.Ranuncul.Sardonius. Cicuta- Cicucarium.934* Dulce* Hertcnfe veterum. Montanum vulgacius. Moncauum nigtum,ibid. Montanum Dalechamp. Paluftre five Paludapium. ParificnfiumLugdutvnfi,i Montanum nigrum Baubino. Perrgrinum Clufii,928. Sii foliis. Sylvtftce,i.Thyflchnum. Svlveftre Diofcoridis & Theophrafti. Apiuir. rifus. 9 1 S > 1 ~ 1 7 Apochyma,i.Pix e navibus maritimisderail. Apocynum Americanum latifolium & anguftifolium. 3^9 AnguftoCilicistcIio. ‘kid Anguftiiolium repens. .id Latifolium non re pens. 384 Latifolium tertium Clufii,!. Scammonea: Monfpeliaca: aihnis, 166. Latifolium quartum Clufii, i. Scamoicn>a Monfpeliaca. 165 Amati Lufitani,i. Aftragalm Lufic^nicus Clufii. 1086 Spurium five Pfeudoapocynum Virginianuui, aliis Gelkminum Americanum maximum flore phamiceo, 325. cjusicon. 167a Svriacum Palaeftinumj&c.Clufn. ibid Apollinaris.i.Hyofcyamus.jS 5. Apri radix. 97 1 Aqua ligna lapidefeens, 1176. Aquavwce. *5 5^ Aquafco menfe i. After luteus Virginianus. iJJ Aquifolium & Agrifolium, 148 6 . folio Icni & undique aculea- tum. ‘kid Aquila five Aguilla bravn a i. Lignum Aloes fvlvtftre. * I 5°5 Aquilegia diverforum colcrum florc plcno, 1307 Virgincnfis. [b,d Arabis five Draba,84cy VideDraba, Arachidum Caefalpiniji.L)entaria major Mattbioli. 13 3 Arachidna Theophrafti Bello 5 c Pona, i. Lathyrusquidam fubterra filiqjifera 1069. Americana, ibid Clufioji.PjpasAmericanorumjibid, & 1382 Columnar i.T errar glandcs. lo6 3 Lugaunenf .i.Mamnor. 1 > 8 2 Lufitanica alia filiquifera. • lo °9 Plinii quibufdam Bauhino,i.Mandioca five Yucca Amcricanorum foliis Cannabinis. Araco fimilis Theophrafti ad Arachidnam nonnulli referunt. 1383 Arachus five Cracca major & minor. 1( J 7 ° Iadicus five Africans, 1071 Araco fimilis Iheophralti, j. In- ‘ 1079 1066 ibid 1087 ibid 1064 980 . 148 1644 *S 5 i 1645 1 50:0 1554 Lame quibufdam, 13 S3. Aracoidts. Aracus five Cicera, 10685 Dodoniri. Major Barticus,io68. Minor Lufitarticus, BxticuSji. Aftragalus marjnus Bzcicui riifpanicus Cameraris,io66 FuchfiLi.Faba Gratconim, Niger Matchioli,i.Ochrus. Qnibufdam,i.Lath)rus. Aralda,i.Digitalis,65 3. Arteop' yllos. Aranciamala,i?o9. Arare Mytobajanusflayus.vel citrinus. Arbor aquam fundens,1645. Anatifem, 1406. Brali.ia, Bon Sc frudusBuna,i6zz. Corail didus, Farinifer3 } i 646. Foliis ambulantibus. Guacatanc,i6i<5. Guiacan3 a i 522 . Goa;. Gehuph, 1647.Lanilera Bellonii. Iud-e St florenlbo,i 5 54. Virginiana.ibid- Mctrofidcros. 1647 Paradifea 1441. Pudica 3 i.HabfMimpfa, S^ccifera. 1646 Radicum,i.Fici s Indica arcuata. . r ' . . . Sanda Gallorvm,i.Azederach. 1416. Spinofus Virginiana a i55y Spinofe Indict,15 51. Trifolia Cordi, i.Lubumum minus. * Tiiftis,1 i 374 * Ex codice CxfarCQ. ibid Arduruiji.Blattaria Cretica. 6 4 Ardifrigi Aviccnnx,i Cappans Fabago, 10:4 Areca fine Fauftl. 1642. Arefte bovis. 9 r 9 ‘> AretC3 } i.Myrobalanus-Chebulus. 2 4 ^ ArgemoneSc Argemonia capitulo breviore, 57 ° capirulo longioie. 3^9 Altera Gefneri & Fuchfii,i. Potentilla. 593 Cambro britanica. 5 7 ° Argemonia Plinii,596. AlteraTragi,i.Papavcr Khx Hy- ' pecoum. 37 i Qpibufdam Agiimonia, 37 ® TtrtiaTabetmonrani/i, FlosAdonit. CluGo. Aria Theophrafti Lobclio effigie Alni. GrxcorNmBellonio,i. Smilax Arcadum. Sorbus T01 minalis Gallorum Bellonio., Alpinapilofa Gcfnero. Sorbus Aria cognominata Clufio. Ariena,i.frudus Mufx. Arinca Gallorum,i.Olyra Lugdunenfi. Aris Sc Arifirumlatitolium,375. Anguftifolium, Arift^hhccaji. Althxavulgaris. Ariflida Plinii. Ariftolochia clematitis ; 29 a. Clcmatitis Ba*tica. Clematitis ferpens. Longa Hifpamca,292 . Longaycn. Polyrrhizos Lobeln,i. Piftolochia vulgaris: Rotunda vulgatior,i90. Rosund a altera. Rotuadc vulgaris Fuchfio Trago & aliis,/. Fumaria bulbofa Sc Capnos fabaccaradice Sc Radix Cava major & minor. 293 Gefneri,i.Mofchatella Cordi. 317 Armerius flos quartus Dodonzi, i.Mufcipula Lobelii five Ben rubrum Monfpelienle, Montanus tenuifolius major 8c minor Clufii,i.Gramen marinum mjjus S: minus Lobelii. Arrroracia Brunfelfii 9 i.Raphanus Rufticanus. Plinii Lacunte.i.Raphanusifdem, T abermontani,i.Raphanns fylveftris. Armoraria altera Lobelii,i.Ben rubrum Monfpelicnfc, Arthanita, i Cyclamen vclPanis porcinus. Artlnmifia Sc Arttmifia Diofcoridis. Apultiiji.P.irthcnium. Foeuda quibufdam Lugdunenfi, i.Seneiiofcetidus FolioLaven- duix, 104. Leproplnllos incana, Marina,i04, 6 70. Minor,92. Montana. Monoclonos quorimdam>92. Monoclonos. Marina quibuldam^.I acobcea marina. Polyfpcrmon,92. Trangantea Apulci. Sativa Anglica,82‘ Turcica Eyftctenfi. Tenuifolia montana. Tenuifoliafecunda Clufii. Turcica i.B'otrys. Vulgaris,90. V/rgiriiana. Arthcrica five ArthriucaSaxonum Thalio,i.AntKyllislcguminofi. Pandcftarii Anguibra,i.Bugnla vulgaris. Cameratiiji.Herba Paralifist 1 Artifi vulgo.i.Tragopogon puoptureuhi. Arturus vide Aidurus. Arum Asgyptium yulgo Colocafia. iEgyptium altcrum radice rcpcncc; Byzantinum. Magnum rotundiore folio, Paluftre Gefncro.. Vulgare maculatum & non miculatu/i!!. Arundo arborea Indies, i.Iylambu. Domefticn five Doinx. Elcgia,i 210. Anglicamuhifida. Epigeios. Fnrda,i.Naftos majot 8c miner. FiftularisSyringa five.i.Elegia.Gramineaaculeata. Humilis,ibid. Indica verficolor. Laconica,nii. Lirbofpermos,i. Lachrytm 10^430. Repens, 1 211. Phragroitis, ibid Ramofa, 1209. Saccharifera. 1209 Sagittalis vel Sagittaria. 1211 Scriptoria ibid. Verficolor. 1109 AfafixndaGarcia 8c Arabibuscft Laferpicium verum. 938 Dulcis,Sc Faetida, 1 569. Lalerfive Afa Dulcis quibufdam ,i. Se 89 90 94 8 ^ bid hi ibkd 373 ibid 1244 371 . 1630 1108 1208 1 209 1211 1211 209 Benzoin. *572 Afara baccara,! 1 5 . Afarica Matthioli. 267 AfarinaLobelii»i. Hederafaxatilis Afarum Americanum,266. Vulgare. Lid . Cratevx.i.BaccharisDiofcoridis. Afcalonitisji. Ccpa Afcalo’nica. 870 Afdepias-florealbo 8c nigro. 3 87.Crcti<:a. 388 Afcolymbros Bellonii Sc Cretenfiuro. 974 Afcyroides,57 5. Cretica Alpini. 574 >i* 8 i Afcyrumlegitimura, 577 « Magnoflorc. 574 Supinum Villofo flore,ibid. V ulgare, ibid Aftab Syrorum.i.Leontopctalon. 683 AfpaUchus' Index Latintis. Afpalathus alter Monfpelicnfis- 998 j Alter fecundus Clufii. 999 ' Alter tertius hirfutus. ibid Monfpelienfium. *ooo Sccundus Diofcoridis legitimus • ibid Primus Diofcoridis legitimus &odoratus. _ ibid Afparagus aculcatus,454- Marinuscrafliorcfolio. 454 Paluftris 455. Pctrzus. 454 Hortenfis ibid.Spinofus. 45 ? Sylveftris foliis acuris* 454 Afocrgula five Afpcrulaodorata. 5 61 Afperueo.568. Spuria. 767 Afperulaaurea LugdunenfisSc Tragi,i.Cruciata. 567 Flore cxruleo. 562 Ocfncro forte Alyflum minus Plinii. 563 Herba repensGcfnert. 453 Minima Mural is 561. Odorata, ibid. Purpurea. ibid Verticillata, 5^3 Afphaltutn,i. Bitumen Iudaicum,if 7 j.Mumia Brafavalo. 159} Afphodclusalbus major ramofus & non ramofus. 1 218 Luteus minor, ibid. Lar.caftrenfis. 1119 Minor florcalbo. 1687. Minor fuftulofus opere priore, minimus ferotinus. ibid Pumilio folio Iridis. ibid AfpleniumfivcCeterach, *° 4 f Sylvcftrc,i.Struthiopteris Cor di. *043 Aftaphisagria Plinii,i.Staphifagria.’ 122 After Aiticut Alpinus cxruleo fiore magno, i. AuftriaCus quintus Clufii, 13*. Alpinusczruleusalter. ibid Cernuus Column at, 118. Aultriacus hirfutus czrulens. 132 Atticusltalorum fiore purpurco, *31. bed non Atticus Tragi i. Herba Pans. 931 Atticus repens,i. Supintis. 133 Auguftifolius luteus 1-9. Auftriacus caerulcusmngno Sore. 131 Con zoides 130, Luteus lanuginofus. ibid Atricus Luteus verus/bid. Marinus; 1187 Luteus anguftifolms,i.Auftri.itusquartus Clufii. *19 Minor anguftifolius,* 3 2.Minor Narboncnfis,ij 3.Humiiis. *31 Montanusluteus Pannonicustertius Clufii. 13 3 Montanus Purpureus, & luteus hirfutus. 13 j Salicis foliis, 129.23 3,Supinus. 128 Supinus Comzoidea Africanus. 131 VirgineniConyroidcs^o. Viiginen. luteus alter minor. 130 Virginianus anguflif oliusfcrotinus albcfcenj. 1 3 2 Virginianus latifoliusflorepurpurantcprxcocior,ibid. & earun- dem leones, 1676. Virginens larifolius repens. 129 Virgineus luteus membranaceocaule. 130 Aftergit,i.Azederach. Afterias.i.StcIlariaMonfpel/enfium. 560 AftiaqaloidcsDodonzi vcl Altera Lobelii. 1087 Hero.triorum Lobelii,1086,Altera Hcrbariorum. *087 Aflragahi* ar venfis Thalio, Syl various Tialii. 1086 Alpinus 108 j. Barricuseiufii. 1084 Claviculatus,xo8j. Diofcoridis. 1087 Helvettorum,io86. Hifpanicus. xo 86 L'jfitanicusibid.Marinus Bxticus. 1084 Marinus Pauvii,l o86.Montanus mas purpuren*. ibid Monfpclienfium,i.Hedyfarum minus. 1087 Sylvaticus T halii.i Terrzglandcs lignofior,io6».Syriacus. 1 *85 Aftrantia nigra Diofcoridis,215.Vnlgaris,i Impcratoria. Atcaftanefi, i. Caftanca equina. Aehanafij.72. Athanatos.ibid.Acbera. Atragene Theophrafti AnguilaraSt Clufio.i Viorna. AtradlylisCypria purpurea 963 Flore purpurco. Columnar,!, vulgaris,964. Floreluccb. Hirfutior,i.C arduus beaedi&us,opcre priore. Marina Lugduncnfis. Afriplex baccifcrr,747. Canina. Fztida five Blitum fxtidum, Hortenfisalba & rubra. Hircina, 750. Marinarepsns. Maritima anguftifolia. Olhda.74 3.Sylveftris frudu comprcflbRofco. Sylveftris Halimifolia. Sylvcftrislappulas ferens. Sylveftris Utifolia,!.Pcs Aufcrinus 749* Blitum vcl Solanum Trago,75o. Sylveftrisanguftifolia. Sylveftris Polygoni auc Heixincs folio. Sylveftris ladniatisfsliis. Avcllana Byzantinai4i6. Domefticafivc fat/va. Hortenfis minorfativafrnftu 1011*0,1416. Rorundo# Indica racemofa,! 598.1ndica parva. Indica vcrficolor.i. Arcca five Faufel. Mexican a ,i ,Cacao,i bid. P urgatrixy ,Nnx Ben. Sylveftris. Avdlan* Iadicae purgatrices. 940 1402 1127 384 ibid 963 974 750,1227 75 ° 747 ibid 747 747 *74 9 747 ibid 7 ?o 747 >415 *415 ibid 1641 240 *416 *6l* Avcna nuda,i 13 5.Stcrius,ii47.Faiua 1149.Vulgaris five veia. 1134 Avlcularia Sylvii Gcfnero,i.Speculum veneris. 1331 AvornuSji.Alnusnigra baccifera. 240 Aurantia malus & Aurca malus. 1408 Aurantiuui, i. Antirrhinum. x 3>3 Aurelia G.iza:, 1 Heliochrxfum Theophrafti. Anreu olus,749.Auricnlat Indz fiveFungus Sambucinus,209.1320 Auricula Lcporis,579. MurisCamerarli. *094 Muris major Tragi,695. Muris minor five Pilofclia. 689 Tertia & quarcaCaefiilpim. 552 Vrfi diverfitaics. 117 Auripigmentnm rubrum i.Sandaracha Graecorum, Autuius Greticus.i.Blattaiia Cretica. 66 Axi,i. Ccpficum.3 58.^xungia vitri. 28a Azedcrach Icalisbycomorus. 1416 Azarolns,iJMdpilus Aroma,T42 3.Azulinum. * *76 r B. D Accx OrientalcSji.Cocculus Indus. * 5 8 2 Baccharis AIpini,i. After Cernuus Columns. Diofcoridis, 11 5. Monfpelicnfis. 114 Rniwolfii,ibid. Bagolarus Guilandino,i,Lotus arbor. Bagola Czlalpiniji.Amclanchicr. Balanocaftanu: m. Nucnla tcrrcftiis. Balanus Myrepl;c.>,i.GIan* unguentaria five Nux Ben. 239 Bahobab Alpino,i6j 2. Br.hara Iofephi,i.Pxonia, Balador Arabum.i Anacardium. 1588 Balaftium maju» ixn.inus. ijio Ballaria & Vallari.iji. Lychnis f.itiva. ^30 Baliote,i.Marrubium nigrum. * 2 3 o Balfaminaagrcftis Tragi,i. Mentha aquatics. *243 Mas,7i4. Fxmina. 3(^4 Cucumerina & Cucumerinapunicca,i.mai. 719 Lutca Bauhini.j.Mercurialisf lveftris five Noli me tangcre. 298 Pomifera,*. Mas. _ j ^ Balfatninum. Balfamita altera Columnar,!,Mercurials fy], fivcNoli metangere, 71 y Mas & major^o.Ecemina & minor. ibid Balfamelxon. Balfamum Alpinum-78.Arabum genuinum &’antiquorum. *528 Ameiicanum album,* 570.Nigrum cPeruanum,ibid.Dc toliu.ib. Baltracan,95 1, Bambu,i.Cannaingent. 1630 Barnia Algyptia,i.Malua >T.gyp. 303,Ban arborji.Salix A?gy. 1434 Ben arbor cujusfrudus Buna. j 6 ]t Bananas,i.Mufa,*496. Bangue. 3 6 3 ,i £J 24 Baobab vide Bahobab. Baptifecula five Blaptifecula,i. Cyanus minor. 48 3 Barbaaron.i Arum. i77 Capr* & Capribarbulaprima,8t Barbicapra } i.VImaria. 59a Hirci i.Tragcpogon^ij. Iovishcrba,i.Sedum maius Iovisfrutcx Plinii. lovis Plinii forte Gcfnero, i.Coggygria. 145 a lovis Pliniiquibufdam.i.Oleafter Gcrmanicus, i44t Sylvana, i. 5 agittaria major Carfalpim. , 24 zoin 1 *7 i.Benjui dc BoninaJ,i.Benzoin,ibid. Ben ludeumRuellio led corrupte,i.Bcnzoin. ibid Nux magnum Monardo,i. A vellana Americana purgairix. Parvum Monardo & aliis,i-Bennux vulgo. Beazoin quibRfdam,i.Afia t'u'cis. 93 B#I 5°9 Bir & Bor Acoftx,i. Mala Indicaad eojus ramos formica: quxdarn alaca: Laccam chboranr. l6 S^ Bcpolcji.Nimbo. Bcrbcris Alpina,101 2. Vulgaris,i.Spina acida. Eerd cc Bardi AEgyptiis,i.Papyrus Nibrica. Bcretinus fruftu^iO^S.BcralaJ.Bccabunga. Marcclliji-Naftcrcjum. Befafan,i,Harmala. B:foufc Avicenna: i Maizi Beta alba ,7 Jo. Rubra,ibid.Maritima. Cpericafpinofa,ibid. Frutcx Syriaca. Pbricaulos,ibid. Svlvclhis Cordi,i. P/roJ.v. Betel.Becelle & Betrc quibufdam Folium Induw. Betonica Danica,6i4. Florealbo,ibid. Puipureo. Alpina Helvetia,ibid. AI opccurosmoncana di&a. Altilisji.Caryophyllu?. .Aquarica major & minor. Fcctida Gefncri,i.Strachys paluftris. Minima 614. Pauli Guilandino,!. Acinos. Pauli,!. Veronica mas. SylvcftriiFuchfii. CnryophjIIus. Sylveftrii Algineta*,Lamium Scutellaria di&um Quatromio.606 (& 61* iptanica & Ccftron Galeno d/verfa: plant*. Betula & Betullajt4o8. Bctulus Lobclii,i.Oftfy s « Bexugo del Peru. Bczoar Gcrmnnitum,; 24. Bcxoar Napclli. Occidcntole & Oncntale,i 5 89.Miner.tie. Bibindla five Bipcnclla Saxifraga. Biblus AEgyptia,i 208. Biera. Bicitim Galem.i.Vicia 107 j.Bibo Indian**,!. Anacavdia. Bidens Cxfalpmi.i.Cannabis aquJtica. •B)folium five Ophris vulgare, 504. Paluftrc. Bine five Malturn 1231 Bipcnnula. Bifacutaji.Gingidium^i.Bifermss Catncrarii. Biflingua,i.Hippogloftunl. BifmaJba,3 o6.Biftorta Alpina major. Biftorta Alpina minor,39 1 .Alpina pumila varia. Major imorta radicc, 3 91. Major vulgaris. 1016,1559 1208 1278 ibid *33 ibid 751 JIO 1615 ibid ibid 613 1231 2 3 55 2 615 1406 1 6 19 316 1590 947 J133 1568 597 5 oy 947 59 702 29 » ibid ibid Minor noftras 392. Bitumen Iudaicum 1573. Peruanumjj&c.ibid Bl.itc.rria Cretica laciniato folio rotundo & longiore. 64 Alterafubrotundo folio florelucco. Alba.Casrulea. Lutca,Purpurea. 6 4 Hifpanicaflorc lutco magno. ibid Luteaodorata, 93. SpinofaCrcrici. 6 j Blaptifecula eadem cum Baptifecula. 48 j Blatta Byzantia five V nguis odoratus. 1573 Fucbfiofederronie.i.Osquoddam in ore Purpuiar pifejs. ibid Blitumfpinofimi,7j2, Alb.um & rubrum. ilud Alpinnm Tragi } i. rubrura. Polyfpcrmon,7 5 3 • Virginianum majus 5 t minus. Foe idum,i.Atijplexolbda. Indicum,i. Amaranrhus. Bolbonachji.Viola lunaris ; 1366.Boletus,!.Fungifpecies. Bolimba, i.Carambolas, 1030 Bolus Aimcnius & orientals, 1574 Bombaxfrutex 1 J52.Bumilis. 687 Bon vcl Ban Alpini & ejus frudus Buna. BanaDcdonxi major & minor,i.Fabafatiya & fylvcftris, Sylvcftris ejufdem eft Faba vetcrum. Bo«anas eadem cum Bananai. Bonducli Indianum Ptm*. Bonjama& Bonyama. Bonifaciaji. Hippogloflum* Bonus Henncus,i.Mercuriaiis Anglica. BorametZji. Agnus i'eythieu*. Borax,1 575 . Eorda,i. Kali minus album. Borr3go. 7 6 j.Mihor heibarioruni'. Minor fylvcftiis. Semper virens opere prmre.Sylycftris Tragi. Pro Buglolfo fumenda. Bofci fahia five Salvia bofci,i. Scorodonia. Botriorub 0,278. i.Phyllium minus. Botrys Ambrofioides Mexicans five fruticofa Americana. Chamxdryoides, i.Chamxdrys laciniatis folii*. J07 Quibufdam apudDiofcoridcm.i.Anibrofia. 8 0 . Vulgaris. ibid I Boulapathum Fracaftorii,i.Biftotta. j Bour gcfpine.i.Rbamnus&alisplanix. 244 ’ Brancalupina -\nguilarae,». Cardtaca. 4J 1 Vrfina fativa vel Icalica. Vrfina lylveftris five aculeara. ibid Germanica,i.Sphondilium majus. 4^4 Brafllca agreftis, 581 .Arveiifis,i70.Caninaji.Cynociamb*. Capitata>268.Crifpa. 270 Caulifiaa five tiorida,2(59. Campcftris. 581 Laciniata,i6^,Lepo! ina ; i.Sonchus leyis. 806 Mirina Anglica,27 tf.Marina Monofpernitis. 270 Marina Diofcoridis,i.Sold.incllamarjria. j68 Marina fylveftris,270. Sativa. 1^3 Praicnfis Lonicero, K Carduus pratenfis latifolius vel Tra°i. Spinofa,i 7 o.Sylvcftris foliis inccgns B4u!iini,i, 1 uiritayulg.'iris,, S.lveftris precox Biul ini.i.Turrita major. ibid Sjlveftris vulgaris. i70 Brafma vel Brefma,i.Pipercaftum five inane* 1604 Bria fylvcftiis Pbnii,i .1 amarifcus. 7479 BriCoriucs,i.Myr.grum monofpermon. 87^ Brindoncs, Btrtannica major,i.Qocblearia rorundifolio. 28$ Brirannica Camerariiji Starice five Gramcn marinum majus, 1280 ( Anguilar*,i. Auricula urfi purpurea, Lobelii.i.Bjftorta. Plinii Lugciunenfis, i.Perficaria mitis. Dalechampii Lugdunenfis,i Beilis lutea Dalecbamp. Quibufdam, i.Pyrola. Britcannicx Concl * Anatifcr*. Briza,i. Tririci fpccies,i x 24. Bromos 1 erba 1 149. Steriln. BrtiniaiiajLLecntopctalon,d87, Erufcus. 255 Brunclla five Prunella, 317 Brungara aradua,i.Herba Malucca. 1621 Iralira Baciliin©,! 330. Bruca arbor Plinii. 1628^1478 | Brufcus & Mollufcus Plinii,i.Tubei Accris : Bryon dvndroidcs & thalafi'ion,i. Mufcus arbcreuS & Marinus. ' Bryonia alba baccis nigris quibufdam Bryonia nigra. 178 A 1 ba Crcrica m^culata live Dicoccos« jbid Alba Ptmana.i.Mcchrocan. , Alba vulgaris. 17 g Lxvis five nigra baccifcra. xgo N igra Diofcoridis. 17g Nigra baccifera. 1 ib/j Nigra fylvcftiis five (igillum Beat* Mari*. ibid Bryza Tbraci* Galeno. IX 22,11 it, 1 x 24 Bubonium,i After Atticus. B uccinuin a i. Delphinium. Bucnas hocbes.i.frudus Snrfteparillse, Buglofia & Bugloffiim Africanum, Dulce ex Inlulis Lancaftriar. Ecl.ii facie Lobelii, Echii facie. Erraticum afperum cchioides, Hifpanicum & Ualicum. Minus fativum. ibid.Minusfylvcftre,, Sylvcftrc majus flore nigro. Svlveftre minus & minus alccrum. Rubjum Loniccri/. Anchufa itinorpurpurertte'ftore. 39 * 8*8 510 1306 ibid 2 5 ? * 3 ? 137S *74 7 767 767 767 ibid ibid ibid 517 Bugl* 1696 Indtx Latinus. 5>4 ibid 5 2 5 ibid 524 Bugla& Bugula Alpina cxrulea, 52 j. Florealbo t Alia longioribus foliis. Flore carneo,ibid. FloreIutco. Odoraca Lufitanica. Vulgaris flore ca*i uleo, Bulapathnm i. Boulapathura vide antea. Bulbine Plinii i.Hyacinthus comofus,Biilbus marinas crinitus. 1288 Bui bus Seranius Theophrafti. 870 Bulbocaftanum majus & minus. 892 * ConiophyllumCamerarii. 934 1 ralliani,i.majus, & Turncri,i.Apios. *96189$ Buna & Bona fruftusarboris Bon. 1432 Bunapalla,i. Macis,i6ox. Buniasfylveftris. 865 Bunium. 829,863,893 Adultcrinum Camerarii. 8 10 Dalechampii, 900 Bunias&Bunium differunc 865 Buphthalmum Africanum 1 371. Alburn. 531 Alterum Cotula: foliis. 1371 Altcrum cenuifolium. *5 6 9 i l 37 i Flore purpurafeente. 1371 Luteum, 2if. Majus, ibid MatthioJi. ,j 7I Narbonenfe. 1373 Peregrinum Alpini. 1571 Verum Dalechampii. 1373 Zoophthalmum Pliniiji.Sedum majus. 732 Bupleutum anguftifolium &latifolium. 578 Anguftifolium Alpinum. ibid Minimum. ibid Quibufdam,i. Panax Cbironium Theophrafti. 5 3 2> 57 3 Aliis Lugdunenfiji.Amini vu'gare. 5 79.91 3 Gajlis GcfnerOji.Elaphobofcum & Gratia Dei. 579 Aliis veroSanamanda. ibid Bupreftis TJ eophrafti. ibid Burgifpina. 244 Burfa paftoris Alpina hirfuta. 867 Major foliis non laciniatis. 866 M a jor loctilooblongo Bauhini 844. Minor loculo oblongo Bau- h |n ’> 557 * Major vulgaris,866. Minor, 867 Bufelinum five Benfelinon. 923 Butomos Thcophrafti,!. Sparganium. 1 206 Buxus arbor, 1428. Frutex auratus. ibid Alter feu minor. A/ininus, i.OnopytusCarduigenus. 983 Byflus.i Goflipium arborcum. 1 j j 4 47 9 1221 582 1212 1642 990 Ui Cabecuela Hifpanis,i.Staebe Salamantica. Cacalia Americana, 1222. Glabro folio acutninaco. Incanorotundifolio, Lacuna ji.Perfoliata. Loniceri.i.Lilium convallium. Cacanum Galeni. Cacao & Cacavare. CacatrcpolaMatthioji, i. Carduus ftellarii, CacaviaCretcnfiura, i.Lotusarbor. i 51 j Caccras, 1623.Cacliry marinum Camerar.i. Paftinaca marina. 1287 Cachi& Occara, 1639. Cachos femen. 161 4 Caelirys & CaHchrys in arboribus quid fir. 883 Verior Lobelii, i Libanotis ferula? folio. ibid Cacotribulus. Caftos Theophrafti,i.Scolymas Diofcoridis HveEringium luteum Monfpehenfium. Cacubalum & Cucubalum Pliniij.Alfinebaccifcra. 760 Quibufdam Solanum hortenfe. ibid Aliis Ocimoides repens Lugdunenfi. ibid Cyclaminus altera Luca G hmo. ibid Cadegilndi, i.Folium Indum. , 584 Cadorija Hifpanis^i. Hypecoum Clufii. 3 7 z Cadytas vel Caflitai. i j 0 C^ciliana,i.Androlxmum majus. <77 Catlia & Catrea. CxpeaMatthioli,7 27. Marina,728.Cordi,i.Portulacalyl. 723 Pancii. g CafcaIitra,i.CaucaIis, „ og Cairo Indis. i.Filimema groffa Nocis Cocl. a L Cajoos i 568 .CakiIcSerapionis,i Eruca marina. 8u Calambac.i.Lignum Aloes prxftanrius. ic6< Calaf&Calco Alpini, i.Salicis genus , ’ Calamiiuha aquatics, 124J, AquaticiBelgamra. ,6 AlteraodorcPulegu. ° Altera vulgaris minor. Arvenfis verticillata. Cretica Camerarii. 3 Magno florc.ibid. Minor incana, jd.Mcntan, prsflamior. ibid Montana Tragi,i, Clinopodium vulgare. 2? Secunda Diofcoridis,i. Pulrgii odore. Tertia Diofcoridis,34. Vulgarii. CalamogroftisDivx Iohannis fylva?. ji8 0 Montana fireScirpus Tragi, 1182. Aliafpecie*. ibid Calamus aromaticu*, 138. Odoratusofficinarum, i?a Indicus Mo.Syriacus vel Arabicus fuppofititius. i 3 o Spinofus Peruanus Lobelii five Arundinacea fpinofa planta. t 6,o Calami arcmatici utfertur ftipites fieex. , Subflirutavaria. J* CalathiamyerriaGcTnen'.i.Genranella vernaanguflifolia. „o' Antumnalis Gefneri,i Pniumoninthe, 0 Viola Plinii Dalcchampio,i. Digitalis. e< > Ca catrepola.i. Cacatrepola,Ca!citrapa vd Carduus ftellaris. 990 CilceolusMaria: flore luteo,217, Flore purpureo. ,bid Amcricanus. f , , Calcifraga Lobelii,i.Crithmum. Ca!citrapa,99o. Altera. Calefur >nduriim,i.CaryopIiylIi Indici arcmatici. 1 cyt Calendula, 13 69, Alpina five Caltha Alpina,!. Doronicum Gerrna- nicum. Calicimaihia.i.Pfcudodiiflamnus. Callal>linii pa lc ch.p ; , I na&fecund 3 ,i.An , m & Arif.rum ,77 Ca i.r.ebePhnnColnranSjXobeUaCotpledonaquancum ,bid Callitiichum Apulei,i.Adianthum verum. Calocbierni Belfi.i Atraftdu. ’ £ Calcfchirihida,i.Echinus Creticus Alpino. Caltha Afticana,i.Flos Africanus. Alpina Ger.itdi,i.CalenduIa & Chryfanthemum, , , Camera! 10 & Uefnero, i.Doronicum Germanicum. , z \ Palultrisfimplcx & multiplex. 5 s Poetarumvtl Vir^ilii,!. Caltha paluftris. V j Vulgaris five Calendula,i. Clymenum Diofcoridis Columna, 1214. Cambici,i. Cambugio. Camarusji.Carambolas. Csmeline & Camelina,86p. CaraelineMya’rum. ’ibo Camores.riB, Camarixlndis,;. Cerambolas. , 6,6 Ca CamarronesRhafis.^ n ^ a * ^ r *ra baccifcra alba. 1487 Campanula arvenfis,i.) Speculum Veneris. Alpina latifolia pullo flore. Autumnalis 367. Csrulea. 649 Cymbalar.a; foliis,6,a. Drabar minori.folio. 'Zl Foliis Echn. ® 4 ° Gbbra,647. Indica i.purpureamajor,^©. Laftefeens. ^ J-azinea, 170, Lmifolia cxrujea. ^ Lutealinifolia,ibid. Mimmafylveftris J Minorr.lyelto.bid. Mmorf.lveftr.sromndifolio. Pcrficif o lia J 65 i. p y r amidaIismi ncr J 649 .Scrp 1 Il I f 0 li a . 6 ] 0 Sylyeftris flore purpureo & luteo a i.Digita/is ? Camphora 1S7 S-Camphorata. 47 Campborata alrcra, 569. Glabra fe birfuta.ibid.Ma.na ib,d Major Monipelii nfinin, $68. Minor. 569. Congener. ,bid C R m ’ 1 ' LaC “ > ‘ !8S ' Gum Animc vel Aniimum.ibid. qurbur- damBenzom,.,,.. & Myrrha Aminea. rssLdao Canaria PI,nn,i.GramcnGaninum. 5 Anguilarx.i. Ifchaimon. V Canna.i.Harundovel Arundo. 1180 Car.ellaalba.158r. Noviorbij, Cauella alba altera^bid. Syl.ompyus. ‘ g Cannir Indicar portentofa longitndinis. ^ Candela regia Sc Candelaris.i.Vtrbafcum. / Candida H ifp, n i,, 5i . Canella,, i79 . Canella noviorbis.ibid CiniaPlmii,i.Vrtjca,442.CamorIavanenfibus 1 i. Zcdoaria 1612 Indis,i. Acftum. * 1 Canirubus,io 15. Canis pryapus,i. Arum. Cannsfiflulaquibnfdam.i.HirundofifiuJaris fivcfagirtarla ,,,, Gannacorus,!. Arundo Indica floi ida operepriore Cannabina aquaticafolio mpaniro & nondivifo. Lanniabisfativa,597. Spuria. . 5i/7 AmericanaIpuna. 2 SplveftrisAnguilara & Aliorum.i. Alcea. Canna ingeru Mambudiifta. t 7 CantabricaPJinii. IC ’^° Caovapotusex BunaefrufHbusdeco&io. 4&4 Capillus Vcncns v rus,t 050.Tragi, i.Rura muraria, J** Capnos Fumana & Capnos Plinli. 5 Cavaradiceibid. Fab,cta r.idice. Phragmitcsibid. 'rn- fis. 1. Fumaria vulgiris. Minor Cameras .>/, tella. Capnium idem cun , - CapparisArabics cr Fabago fiveleguminof- . * i(> 2 J Fabaeo Index Lad> mus , Eabago CoIumnXji.Telephiuai Diofcorsdis. ibid Non fpinofa fruftu majore. i 02 ^ Spinola folio 2Cuto,ibid. Spinofa folio rotundo, ibid Poiculacx folio Bauhinou Fab .go. 1024' CapragineCxralpini } i. Ga\ega 5 4i8. Caprificus. *4 9 3 Capnfolium repens Germanicum,! 460. lralicum five duplex. ibid Vu!gare,ibid. Brunfelfio,i. Alpeiula. 5 &S Capnfolium reftum,vide Periclymenum rc&um. Capiiolaw.GramcnMannx efculcntum Lonicero. 5°i Capfejhji. T hlafpi. $19 CapGcum & ejus 3 2o.fpscies. 3 5 5.&c,Latjm. 3 5 8 , Ex camileo nigrum,ibid. Roiundum Dalechampii. 354 Gapyc cams vdvicufi,i, Antirrhinum. 1333 ^ 5 puc Gallinaccum Belgarum. 108 1. Minus. 1083 Monachiji. Dens Leoms quibufdam. 7 8 1 Mon3chiGefcneru.,i. Pifumcordatum. 237s ’ Monachi & Corona frpcrum,i.Catduus romentofus. 97S Garabe.i.Succinum five Ambra luteo. » 565 Orabclliji,Carambolesj Carambolas. 1636 Caranha.i 576,(. arantia.i.Bafamina foemin't. 71 5 Carcapuli. 1635. Carchicircc,i.Piinulaveris purpurea. 537 Cardatninc Alpinainfipida,S27.Alpina media. ibid AJpina minor Rcfcdjcifoliojibi'd. Njajpr ldt.folia. ibid Altera minima,ibid. Alccra pullo flore. ibid Minor laciniaiisfoliis,828. Odorata granulofa. ibid Petra?a burfi paftoris folio, 828.Plenolloic. Szf Tenuifolia montana, 827. irifolia, 827 Cardamines aleerins xmula plantula Clufio. 827 Cardalnantice Nallurtii folio. 853 Cardamom & Cardamomum AiabumSc Grascorum. 1576 Majus,ibid. Maximum,i.Mcleguetca. ibid Minus Arabum Fuchfio & Ruellio,i Capficumfru&urubro & ob- .1 ongo. 1^77 . Mcdiurn^ibid. Minus. ibid Fucbfii & Ruellii erronesde Cardamomo. ibid Caidnc3,4i. Cardiaca Melicx i. Molucca Izvis. 43 Cardifpcimon i. Vt/icaria reptnsfive Pifum cordatum. 1378 Card.uus.974 Cardopa.ium Gcfnui 3 i. Carlina vulgaris. 970 .Gtfneri fiorealbo, caulcfccns,971. Cardopacisidem, ibid CafdunccKus Ittilorum > i.Scnt.cio. 672 MontisLupi Lobelio& aliorumd. CarduusEr.ngioidcs. 987 Carduusacaulis Sepccatrionalitim. 969 Aculeatus Matthioli i. Cvnnra fylve flu's. Afabicus,97 8.Ara:ophyllus Lugd^So. Argentatus.i.Achanthiu, AfininuSj98i. Avenaiius 958.Biticus,i.bilybum Baeticuin. 976 B.nediftus,957.9^$. BulbofisMonfpelienfium. 9 $7 Coanothos Anguilara:e;i.Carduus.vineauimrepenJ. 958 Ccanothos afper &la:vis Gelne.l Gcoflularia & Ribes.l 561,1 563 Centum capita di<5us,98 8.Cii!i genus Dalech i.Echiiiopoda. 1003 Chondrilloides,98i.Chryfanthemos. 974 Gerardiji.Papaverfpinofum. 397 Creticusm'inimus,958. Dnpis Anguillai a:. 981 Drypis quorundum Lugdunenfis. it id £riecephalus,i Tomeniofu*. £ryngioides,9<5 7 . F.orox. ibid Fullonum,i. Dipfacus. 98 y Globofus,97 8.Ladlens major Dr Maria:. 97 5 Jndicus,i Ficus lndica.Laftens minor live Silybum Batticum. 976 Xanceatus major & minor. 981 Leo torox,967. Leucographus. 978 Jviari*,97 5- Mollis anguflifolius, 991 MollislatifoluiSj959. Lapps enpitulis. <-91 Muricatus Clufii ; 990.Muricatus flore Iwteo Clufii. 4 74 Mufcatujj958.Myacanchos Theophrafti Dalcchampio,i.Caiduus ftellaris. 989 Onopordon^ga. Onopyxus. cjb’i Pack vel Panu Cordi,9 7 1. Paluflris,9s8,98 3, P! eenix,i.Feiox. 970 ' 47 2 1628 9 57 ibid 958 9* 4 99 o 977 933 989 971 *83 9 78 979 . 98 f .9,5 8 Carex Lonicero,i.Sparganium rambfum. 1206 Alterum Lonicero.i. Iuncus floiidus. j 197 Minus Lonicero,i.Gram£Cypcroidcs paniculafubflivcfcente.,1268 Tragi Lugdunenliji.Grameu Aiundinaceum & Cyperoides ma- jus latifolium. 1Z £- Carica. * 1494 Carlina acaulis Iumilis i p68 j i685. AcaulisSeptenirionalium.969. Amid genus. ^67 Caulcfcens,96S.SyIycflris major, five vulgaris. 970 C ado Sandto. . 3 j6iQ Carnabadium Guilandlno. L Cuminuan ALchirpicum Gcfnero, yel vulg.arc, Gcfnero.i.Carlina. Sinieonis Sethi,i.Caium. 910 Carobe,i.Ceratoniafiliqua. ,,5 E Guinea. it)J j Carotta.i.Paftinaca tenuifolia, 902. Alba eadem. Carpata,i Curcas. ,,5 aj Carpcfium,i62 3.muliisfit CubebL',1583 . Cordo,i.Piper ^thiopi- cum, 1605. Cslalpino.i.Caryopiiylluin aroraaticum, L»arante : r.Valerian 1 major hortenfis. Cai pinus Lugduncnfis,i. Acer minus. 1 Alba Durame ; i.Oftrys Theophraft. , Nigra cjufdem/i.Tilia mas. , Mitthiojou.Ofirysve] Oflrya Tbcopbrifli BetulusLobclii & Fa- j gulus herbariorum j i heopbrafli Tra>o.i. Euonymus. 1 Carpobalfamum quibufdamji.Cavyophylluai Plinii. 1567 ! verum vel genumum. ’ a sag CarrimanvelColliman. l6j % CairafilagOji. Gnaphalium. Cnrthamus officinaium five Cnicus fativus. 261 Caiviyelcarum Alpinum,i.Mutellina. g.- Pratenfe.ibid. Vulgare, CarvifoliaBauhino,i. Carumpraienfc & Fjenkulumfylveftre Xu®- Juncnfi. ^ Caryophyllata AlpinaCamcraiii^f Montana, Alpma minor,i 3 6. Altera. i^id Aquaticafive Palufliis. Aqmticaaltcra.ibid. Flore majore montana, 13 5.Pentaohyllsa, * 37 - Veroncnfium 534. Vulgaris. Carycphilli Aromarici. Caryophyllum Plinii,i. Amomum quorundam. — Aliis Carpobalfamum. Caryophyllus Alpinus gramineus. Alpinus anguftifolium purpurafeens^bid!. Ljtifolins, Arvenfis glabcr minimus. Arvenfis Holollius hkfuctis. Arvenfis umbellatus. Angullifolius tomencofus. CreruJtus Monfpclienfium. Holoflius tomentcfus,ibid. Hortenfis. Indicusji. Flos Africanus. MontanusClufii,i34o. Montanusangullifoliusalfrus ibit Montanus Lobelitmajor & alter,i.Gramen inarmum njajus Semi nus ‘ *280 Minimus mufeofus noftras. Pratenfis nofter major & minor. Prolifer & alter. Pumilus AlpinuSji.Ocimoides, baxatilis Eticxfoliis. Saxaiilis filiquofus. Saxlflagus Biuhiniu.Saxifiaga magna Matthioli, Saxifragusftrigofior Biuhini.i. Aker Lobelii. Pinea five Ixine Theophrafli. Pinea Narbonenfium,i.Iacta pumiU Narbonenfis. Pitahayi Amcricaneium. i^atenfis Acanthi foliis. Pratenfis Afpliodcli radicibus. Pratenfislnifoliuj Tragi,i.Pratenfis pol cep’-alos. Pol.acanthos,9gi Polycepbalos,9eo, 98i.Solflirialis. Salftitialis.Gerardi Sfhsrocephalus acucus major & minor. Minimus acutiffimiifo!ii?,ibid. Spinofiflimus. Stelhris & Srellatus lanfolius. Stellaris vulgarises. Suarius. Sylveflrisji. Acanthium,968 .& Onopyxus. Tomcmofus five Corona fvaerum. iAaglicus,ibid,979,980. Minor. Tomcnto'fis capitulis minime aculeatis^So. Veneris. Viarum,98o. Vinearum repens. y Vulgaris^!. Vulgatiffimus riarum five Onop x U s & Onopordom 1 J77 J 5 6.7 ibid 1 $ 4 fJ ibid >33 9 ibid ibid ibid ibid 'Si 7 ibid 40 1338 'H 7 6 40 1341 ibid Caryot*,i 547. Caffiaalba & nigra. Sic. yide infra hue infef-qnda I tH-IPPI Pntun. » . r\ . -I CaQar.cacquina,i40i. Humilis. Major & minor vulgaris. Pevuana^ibid. Purgatrix. Caftanca? aquatilcs,i.Nuces fribuliaquatici. Gaftrangula,i.Scrophularia major. Catanan C e,i079. Altera Cxfalpiiii,i. Perficaria fiJiquefa, Alterum genus,i. Gramen mannum raajus. Camerariiji Scorpioidcs Serpillifolio. Cxfalpino,i Balfamina feemina. Cortufoji.Leoncopodiuin Creticum Clufio. Quorundam Dalechampioi.Stlimoides. Herbnreorum i. Ervumfylveftre. ionicero & Tabcrmon;ano,i. Luteola. Cate.i.Lycium Indicum,. Catapults, major,i.Ricinus. Hortenfis major & minor,i.Latin ri*. Cattagaumaji. Cambygio. Cacraria,i. Ncpcta.39. VidcNepeta. 1 cnuifoliaHirpanicajbid. Caiharticumaureura. Cafia aromatica. Cafia vel Calfla alba,l.Cneorum al.bum Theophrafli Gaza* Fiftulafive Agyptia,2 3$. Brafiiiana, 428 ibid ibid "" i.aid 1 1248 6 x2 298 1280 , JOC 787 1079 ^04 1912 l8© *91 I 57 J .1575 *179 640 ibid Ligne?- f'i 1698 Lndtx Latirns. 45 * Ugnca Aldino,i.Cortex Lauri American*. x$ 33 Lignca CxIalpinui.Cafia Poetarunr 4 5 * L'gnea maritima Lugdunenfis,cadem. Ligncx fimilisfrutex tertius CaPalpmi. 733 Liguea officinarum a Cinamomo dkerla. x 579 Lativorara GuilandinOji. Genifta lluenfis. Poetarum 8 c Virgilii. Nigra,i.Solutiva live fiftula. Difccptatio,640,i 580. Vetcrum Clufioforte. »sSx CalTamuin,i Carpobalfamum. x 5 -9 C 'fl'ida Columns,607. Caflutha & CaflItha,i.Cufcuta. Oflavi radix & Cazayi. I ^*5 Cnucalis Anglica flore rubence. 9 l 9 Arvenfis latifolia purpurea. 9 z0 Crctcnlium & Grxcoium,i.ScfeliCreticum. $° 3 Ecbinophora major & minor. 9 *° Polio Fceniculi vel Peuccdani. 911,9x2 Hifpamcajjip.Ma^no fru&n & rubro. 9 *° Major flore fum e rubente. 919. Minor Acre rubenec. 920 Marina B^cica»9ii. Monlpcliaca. ibid Nodofoechinato feminc,921.1. Scandix Columnar, 917 Tcnudolia montana.921. Tcnuifolia puipurca. ibid Vulgaris flore albo. 9 1 9 Caucifon,!. Moly Iridium. Caucon Plinii five Ephedra. 4 5 1 Cauda sequin*,i. Equifctum,J 20^. Murls,5*o. Vuljuha. 1169 CauliSji.Bralilca. * 7 ° Caxcax /.rabum,i.Papaver album. 3^7 Ceanochosfpina Gcfnero,i.Grofl"ularia. 1561 Ceanochos levis Gelneroy.Ribcs,i 56^. Cazavi , i.Caflavi fupra. Ceanochoscarduus,videmtci Carduos. Cedrtlite,i Ccdrabies. 1J92 Ctdria, 10 3.Cediium,ibid.Cedromda,i.Mnlus Curia. 150$ Cedrium mil. * 59 * Ccdrusmagna Conifcra Libini.i 532. Saccifcriji I.ycia ScPhx- nicca. * 54 x Lycia, 1028, 1032. Pbxnicea.ihid. x 54 r Cefaglioniji.Capuc Palma: husnths vd Chamxrrbipis. 1 5 47 Cdaftrus mas& famina Lugduacnfis>i, Alacernus major & minor 1445 Cclaftius Clufii. M 9 ** Ceinos Plin i. 4^7 TMajusvulgarejibid.OlimRhaponticum. 4 6 7 M3jorisfpcciesGefncro,i.Stibc Auftriaca humilis. 479 Murorum Gefneri,i.Scxbe Auftriacaelatior. ■Ms jus Hcicnii folio. i.Rhaca'pitatum Helerui folio Lob. 159 Majusfylveftre Germanicum Thalio,i.Serratula. 475 Majus vulgare. 14S5 Nothum IXalecKlmpnM.Scabiofa rrontana Iutea. 487 Pratcnlc Gefneri,i.Iacea nigra vulgaris. 469 Quibufdam Lyfimachia purpurea. 4 6 7 Minus flore albo, 272-Flcrerubcntc. ibid Luteumjibid.Luteum perfoliatum ramofum, ibid Luteum perfoliatum non racemofum* 273 Luteum minimum five Novum Columnar. ibid Spicatum album. 27 1 Vifcofa,i.Mufcipula rubra Lobclii. j Centauroidesminus vulgarc Thahi,i.8crratula,47 5 * Cordi,i.Gta- j tibia. • 221 Ccntella. 1622. CentcriaTheophrafli Cxfalpino,i.Androfxmum : majus. 577 J Centimorbia & Centimorbium,i.Nummuhria. 555 Centinervia,i. Plancago major. Centinodia.i. Polygonum. 444 Centonia Gefneri,:. Abrotonucn fxmma. Centromyrirfiinc 1 hcophrafti & Ccntrom\fine,i.Brufcus. 253 Centrum gall i,i.Sclarea,59.Centum capita,i.Eryngium. 988 Centum grana,28 2. Cencutnnodis»i.Ceniinodia. CentunculariSji.GnaphJium. 687 J Centunculus.i.Cemuncularis. Americanus, i. Gnaphalium Amcricanum. Plinii Anguilarc, i. 1 Hclxine Ctfiampelos. Cxfalpiniji Alfine marina. 12S1 | Viticulis cubitahbus C*f.»lpini,i. Alfine baccifera. 760 | Cepa Afcalonica & alia?,fc.rctundarubra,&c. 878 , Ccpaa Mactl ioli,717.Pjncii,i.Telephium minus. 726 Dodonari,i.An3gal!is aqaatica. Cerafus avium raccmofa vulgaris. 15 17 ! Altera raccmefa purida, PaJm Theophrafli di&a. 1516 Americana Gve de Baccalaos. 1; 18 ' Idea Theophrafliji559. Idara Cretica, ibid I 1519 if 16 1520 1516 506.621 50 6 5C 7 228 1 55 5 ibid 161S 935 ibid 1030 5 ibid ibid 522 1583 646 Indica exotica. Sativa, Ic.vulgaris & cjus varietas. S\ lveftris Tragi ,i.MachaJcb Gcrmanicum, Trapezuntina live Laurocerafus. Ceratii, Ceratonia & Ccratoma arber. Ceratia Plinii Columna,i. Dentacia bulbifcra. Quibufdam OphioglofTum. Alii* Lunaria minor vulgaris. Ccrcis 1 heophrafli, forte Laburnum. Clnfio, LPopuIus Lybica. Quibufdam. Arbor luda*. Cereus fpinofus Americanus. Ccrcfoliuui majus five mjgniiT) } i.Myrrhis. Sativum & fylveflre,ibid. Vulgare. Cerevifia, 113 3. Ccrinthus quid. Cerintl c major flore Juteo & rubro. Major flore flavor 21. Major flore purpuranre. Minor flore lutco & rubro. Minor flore luteo.ibid. \;inor fiorc albo. Dalechampiiji. Calendula. Ccrratta velSeratca Catfilpini.i Serratula. Cerrofugaro, i.Phellodrvs Matihioli. Ccrrus & Cert is mas>zEgyIop» Quercj genus. Cemvide Chcrva. Cervaria Gefneriji.ChamxdrysCifli flore. Cervaria Gallis Plinio i.Thorn. Ccrvi boletus,i.Tubera cervinaMatc' ioli. Cervicatia,i. Trachclium. Cervina alba & Ccrvicaria alba quibufdamii.Libanotis latifol. 95 Ccrviffin3,i.RhammisfoIutivu-.. 244 Cefirum morion s Dodona:i } i.Typha paluflris. 1204 Cefircn Galcni forte Bctonica. Ceterach five Scolopcndri a. 104^ Ceva ilia i.Hordeolum Indicnm c?uflicum. 1^15.Cl acani,i. Fau- ftl. 1642 Cheropbyllo nomine fimilis plnnta Baubi.i.Polygonum Sclinoidcs. Cha.*roph. Hum, i.Cercfohum tic lupra. Chajat /Egypti:s Alpino, i Mclonis genus. ^ 773 Chalceios Theophrafli Aneuil.& Clulio nPimpincllafpipofa. 99S Qmbufdam,i,Carduus globo(us vulgaris. 978 Cbalceum Plinii Lugdunenfi,i.L3duca agnina. Chalcb Syrorum, & Calaf ^Egyptiorum Alpino. Veflingio. 1434 Chambafa! Oriza. Cliamarafteji.Ebulus. Chamsbalanus, 1062 Chamxbatvv. Fragariadc Canirubus. Cbamaecalamui Lugdunenfl i.Arundo Epigeios. Chamtebuxus,i.Humili* Buxus. 1428 Chamaccerafus Alpigena Lobclii, 14^3. Alpinarepent. 1517 Folio Aceris Gclncri,! 5 19. Hungarica. 1517 Ida:a Cretica altera. x 459 Montana Gefneri, 1463. MontisGencrofi Gcfncro. 1520 Petrara Gefneri. * ibid Chamxciflus Fuchfii,i Hederatcrreflris. 677 Spicnta Plinii,i. Bugulacxrulea Tragi. Chamxciflus Erica: folns,6 56 .Anguflifolius. 657 Floreluteo vulgaris,i. Hclianthemum. 655 rrificus.650 Hirftuus. ibid LanfoliLs,ibid. Serpijlifolio Iuteus. 657 Scrpillifolio flore C3rneo. ibid CbamxclcmaCordiji.Hedeia terreftris. 677 Chau acypariflus Plinii Trago & aliis,i.Abrotonum fxmina. 97 Agrifli' Tragi,i Chamxdryslaciniatis folds. 107 Alus LinariaScoparia. Tabermoutano& GerardoMufcus clavatus X 3 IX Cuai' 1 dapbne Mjtthiolo & aIiis,i.Laureola.Quibufdam,i.Polygo- .utum minus anguftifolium. Ali.s Mifsreon. 204 Ai guii ra& Columna,i..Lauras Alexandria. Vera 1 >• •-(cjjrtdis authoris. 702 Dalcchampii, 1. Hippogloflum. 703 Chama*daphnoides Alpini. 206 Chamxdrys altera Marthioli,/ Laciniatis foliis. 104 Alpina fszjtilis, 105. Apula umcaulis. 104 Anflriaca laciniatj. 107 Hifpanica tenuiffimis foliis. ibid MontanaCifti floie Clufii. . 105 Spinofa Cretica, 105. Spuria major frutefeens. ibid Spuria minor iatifolia & minima, 107. Vulgaris. 104 Cbama:tiryslpuria minor anguflifolia Cordi. 107 Spuria lylvcflris. ibid Chamxdrops Lugdunenfis, i. Teucrium. Diofcoridis. i. Cnamaedrys. 107 ChamegelfenunumLobciiiji.Gelfeminum Catalonicum. Chamxgcn'ifla 229. Anelica. Crcnca.2 29,Pannonica Clufii. 23? Altera Inhex Latinm, *699 Altera Clufii.ibid, Peregrina. SagittaJis. *3 3 Tragi & Fuchfii, ibid Ghamzirii, 157. Chama:itea,i. Ebulus. Chamatlsea live Mefcrcon Gcrmanicum. -°i MatthielOji. Daphnoides. zoy LobeJiiji.Chamatdaphne Diofcoridis five L.;ureobfxinin.i,i84. Tragi,i.Thynielxa,io6. Alpina 101 Icalica, 204. TiicoccoSji.Mclircon Verum. ibid rhamxlxagnusji.EleagnusCordi fiveM)reusBrabantica, *45* Chamaeleo albus acaulis. 967 Exiguus Tragi,i.Carduus acaulis Septentrional ium. 971 Aliusverus Columna, a Carlinadiffert. ibid Nige^ Matthioli,971. AlterMatthicli. ibid Ni'jer a(ii«,i. Acarna major caulefuhofo. $67 Dalechampii,Niger verus. 97« NonaculearmLobelii,i. Iaceapinea. 47 r C-h amx leone ha Monfpelienfium. 974 Chameleuce Anguilara,i.Caltha paluflris vulgaris. Cordi,i. Genifta tinftoria. 133 GhamilinumfiveLinutnCatbarticum,ij36. Stellatum. ibid Chamxmelum GveCamomilla Alpino inodora. 86 Flore pIeno,8y. Hifpanjc.1,86. Maritimum, 8y Nudum ibid Pumilum Africanum. 8 5 Romanum, 8 7. Vulgare. 88 Maritimum. iz8z Chamarmefpilus Gefneri, 1424 Cham^morus Anglica,ioiy.Cnmbrobritanica. ibid Norwegica,& altera. ibid Chama?myrfinc quorundam Lugdunenfis. *3 3? Chamznerium florc Dclphinii,547 Gefneri anguftifolium. ibid •Alpmum.My. Gefneri tertium.i. Rofa Alpin.u 78 Plinii Anguihra. Chamseorchis Alpina,13 45.Latifolia Zclandica. 13?4 Chamarperidy menum. 1461 Chamspeuce Cordi.i LedumSilefiacum Clufii. Male Cordo actribura.i.Lycopodium. 1309 Plinii Anguilarae,i t Cyanusftuticofus Cretifils five St.tbe friui- cofa Cretica. 479 Anguilara cti.im Lobelio Sc alii* Camphorata major & min. 569 Lobelii,i. Vamicularisarbortfeens. 733 Chamzpitys adulterina,28j. Altera Diofcoridis. 107 Auftriaca,i8z. Altera vcriniculata. ibid Fruticofa Cretica Belli. Multifid is foliij,i.Chama»drys laciniatis folii*. Odoratior,i8j, Priina Diofcoridis,i.Odoratior. Vulgaris,z8j. Dc Chamxpiti quomodo Nicholaus Myrepfus fit accipiendu*. 19 ^ Chamxplatanus,iio. Chamatpyxus Cordi.i.Cbamaebuxus.! 428 Chamatriphesji 545. Peregrina C lufii. 1668 Chamxrops. Chamxrhododendros AlpigenaLobclii,78. Et altera. ibid Chamxrubus vcl Humirubus. 101 ? Cham 3 efchjenos,i 19Z. Chamzfpartimn. 233 Chamxfpartium montanum triphyUum* 2 j 2 Cbam2fce,i9j. Herbariorum. jbid Cham*xylon,687. Cbatrszelon Plinii pro Cbamexylon.’ ibid Chamxzizipha,zy s, Chandama Indis.i.Santalum. 1605 Chanque lndis,i. CaryopbyUi aromatic^ 1,-8 Cfc*rantia,l576. Charamei. 1678 Charanha,i.i3alfamina mas. Charumfel,i,CaryopIiyIIiaromatici ChafcoufaCrcte n fium,i334. Cbate Alpini,?; 3. Chaube potus.’ Chefti vclKeiri.SiJ. Cbchpi.vide Qallap. Chelidonium majus incifij foliis,6l6. Mains ml«are. jb,d Majus & Curcuma veraScrapionis. ° * l5 g. Maximum Canadenfc,617. Minus. jl.j Minus flore duphei. Capnirc*,i.RadixCava& Fabaccafadice. Paluft re Cordi,i.Caltha paluftris. 1 z 17 Chenops Plioii,iooj, Chenopoda & Echinopoda. ibid Chxnopodjum, i.Pes anferinuj. Cbznopos Plinii 3 i.Echinopoda. Ghermafel Arabum,i.Tamarifciis ^gyptia. Chermes Arabum &'officinarum. , Chermes quibufdam, i. Cochemlle. j Cherva.i.Ricinus five Gataputia major. 1 8 ? Chicapotusficex MaiZjnjj. Ghica paloneiji. Mufa. 1496 Chico capotes,!. Cydonia Bcngalenfis. Chichimeca,i.Species optima Cochinelle. *408 China radix,! 578, Spuria five Pfeudochina, jb,d Cl.opcMna _ jbid Cniroma C jclalpinijiHelianthcmum. 6 <7 Chironium vel Panaces Chironium eadem eft Sc Centxurium. Choiva potus. \6ix Chivef,i6j». Chocolate,i.PotuscxCacao fruclibuf. 1^42 479 107 1003 Chondrilla aurea,69 7 . Altera Diofcondis,781. Altera Diofco. Rauv»olfio,7 84. Bulbofa,ibid. BulbofaSyrttca. ibid Cxrulea five Purpiirea^8 5. Cjerulcalatifolia. ibid Fartida,78y. Elegans genu* Clulii flore catrulco. 778 Galeni Anguilara,78i. Grarca. 784 Hifpanica,797. Narboncnfiv,787.Iuncca. 784. Lcgitima Clufii,7 8 z. Prior Diofcoridis. ^4 PurpuralccmcHore,78y, Raraperegrina Crupina difta* 7 8 6 oaxatilis vifcofocaule, 7 83. Sefamoidesdifta. 7 8 7 Species Lobcliiji.Cyanus major. Stellara. 79 6 Verrucaria, 779 .Vifcofahumilis, 783 . Viminalibusvirgit. 7 8i Viminea vifcofaMonfpeliaca. 781 Chondroptifana,i 127. Chondrus. 784,1117 Chouflctj i. Potus Turcaruin. 1 * 3 ? Chriftiana radix. 1087 Chriftophonana Americana baccisrubris & albis. 379 Vulgaris. ibid Chrithmum fed vern-sCrithmum.i.FarnicuIum marinum. 1187 Marinum majus & minus. ibid Maritimum fpinolum. ibid Maritimum flore A/tcris Attici, jbid Chryfanthemum. ibid Quattum Matthiolio. 954 Chrysanthemum Alpinum, 80. Bellidis folio. 11^9 Alpinum lecundum & CIufii,i 371. Creticuin mixtum. i37j Crenciim, ibid, Diofcoridis Lobelio, i. Calendula. Fuchfii,t.Ranunculus dulcis Tragi. 3 3 3 Hifpanicum rotundioribus foln's. 1371 Littorcum,! 167. Latifolium Brafilianum. 13 7\ LatifoJium Dodon*i,i. Doronicum Gcrmanicum. Lobelii,i.Iacob*a marina. Latifolium Hifpanicum Clufii. 13^9 Pcruanem,i. Flos Satis. TenuifoIiumBatticuin, ibid Sogetum Bxticum. ibid Scgetum noilrasjtbid Valentinum. ibid Chrylanthcmis Erica Lobelii,i.HcIianthcmum anguftifolium. Cnryfippxa Plinii quibufdam.i. Scrophularia major. 6 rz Chryhti,ji Coma aurca.7 1 . Germaiiica & Neapolitana, 687 Chryfobalanos Galcni quibufdam,i.Nux mofehata, Cnryfocomc,^9. Diofcoridisvera. 7i,® 8 7j689 Cretica,69. Cretica altera,ibid. Hifpanica. ibid Germanic3,687.Diofc.Trago,i.CraUiila vulearc,7aS,Peregrina fecunda Clufii. _ 7 1 Vah* ejufdem opiniones. ibid Chryfobalanos Galcni. 160s Chryfogonum, 68j. QuibufliraTormcmiHa. Ciiryiol achanum .i. Atriplcx. Plinii Ruellioji.Larnpfana vulgaris. Chryfomela. ijoj ChryfolplcmimTabermontaniji.SaxiFragaaurert, Chryfothales. ' ' 73J 1639 1076 1077 2*83,1087 Ciborion &Ciborion,376. Ciccara. G icer a Dodo.iaei,i.LathyrHs. Cicer album,107 y. Anetinum. Columbinum,ibid. Alpinum. Aftragaloides POnjp. Ervinum,i.Orobafum Herbariorum, Montanum, 1077. Nigrum. Orobcum.1079, Rubrum, Sativum. Sylveftremajui. Ciccra five Aracus. Cicerbitalxvis & afpera.LSonchus. Cicercula Bau hino,i. L ath yrils. Bxtica &\Egyptiaca Clufii. Flore albo,1064. Florepurpureo. Florerubente. Cici & Kiki,i.Ricinusfive PainhaChrifti Cichorea &.Cichorium bulbofuin, Conftantinopolitanum. Dulce Neapolitanum. Fxcidum,t'7 3. Flore albo,rubcl!r. GIobulare,ibid. Luteam. Montanum afperum* Montanum lutcuin. Pratenfc luteum afperum. Pratcnfe luteum Izvius. Sativum. Spinofumr Creticum. Strumofum Mycorii,7 84. Sylveftiog Sylveflrc luteum Dodonatj. Sylvcftre Hifpanicum pumilum. T omentofum tx cidum. Vcrrucariutn.ibid. Vcfitarium. Cidavd Sicula^, B*ta vulgaris. * Ecceeee 1078 1076 *°7f io 7S ioj6 io 6z 10 61 1065 ibid so 68 i8 3 ? 8 4 78 i 778 77 ? 779 778 779 777 778 77 ? 7 7 ? 776 ibid 778 779 ibid Cicur^ 00 index Laiinus, Qcuta & Cituraria bulbofa,9 3 z.V ulgaris. Minor five fitiva* ibid.Maxima,ibid.Odoraca. Paluftris alba 8c rubra,93 2. Paluftris tcnuifolia. Latitolia fxtidifl*ima,934. Maxima Brancionis eadcm. Aquatics & paluftris Cordi,ibid. Pannonica Clufii. Cimmaiis,i. Gentiana. CiminagerorelCumenas>crocJulcc& fyiveftre,j. Cuminum Meli- ... ~ r . in , ibid 935 ibid | ibid ibid tenfe dulccetacre,867. Gnnabaris Diofcoridis Ginabrium raincralc,i 029. Cinara vide Cynara. Cincinmlis. xojo. Cineraria,l.lacobxamarina. Cinnainomum,! 579.1 s8i,an fit Cafliavel On. 11 a, Album,ibid. Americanum. Circata Lutctiana major.j jo. Minor. Cxfalpini.i.Capficum. Monfpelicn(ium,i.Luceiiana. Diofcoridis Trago,i. Amaranchus purpurcum. Cinfium Anglicum, Aoglicum aliud. Anguftifolium Germanicum. Gcrraanicum,i.Bugloflum minimum. Jtalicum Fuchfuji.Bugloffum luceum Lobelii. Lanuginofum. Luteuin Sequanorum Lobelii. Maximum Afphodcli radice. Mijushtifolium. Maximum montanum. Montanum aliud. Cirfto congener Clufii. Ciflatnpelos ramofa Cretica. Altera Anglica. Ciffimbionjy8o. Cifliis,i.Hcdera. Ciftus mas anguftofoIioj^yS, Annuusfoliis Lcdi. Annuus foliis Salicis. Minus folio fubrotundo. Foliobreviore,6 59. Humilii. Ciftus fatraina fojio Halimi major 8c minor. Lavendulx fo!io,ibid. Sampfuchi folio & Thymyfolio. . Ciftus Ledum 3nguftftolium,66 4 . Foliis 1 bymi. Hirfutum five Quarcutn Clufii. HutuIis Auflri.ica,i.Chamaecifti!S < & Helianthcmum. Ladamferum Creticum verum. Ladanifcrum Cyprium. Latifo]ium,662. Olf«e foliis. Oftavum Clufii five Rofmarinis foliis fubtus incanis, Populnea fronde major & minor. Septimuna Clufii Gve Rofmarinis iphis hifpidix. Cifto fimilis frutex Lobelii. Citrago, i.Melifla. Citrangula,i.MnlusMcdica. Citreolus Caefalpini,i.Cucumis vulgaris & anguirius. C(:rullus five Anguri ,771., Major Cordi,i. Cuc/irbita h cmalij. 770. Citrus & Citrifti.Malui Medica. iy 0 6 Malus Medica l 506. Citrus altera Cordi, i. Mains Aflyria. x 509 Clayi Gliginis,i.SecaIeluxurians. C^vus Veneiisft Nymphxa,i2 5 3. & Cla v a Herculis. Clematis altera Battica Clufii. Czrulea,i.Iafm!numca:ruUumScrapionis. Altera prima Cordi,i.Viorna. Dapbnoides,!. Vinca pervinca. '^gyptia Plmiiji.Pervinca major. Indica,i. Lignum Colubrinum. MaritimirepcBs. PeregrmaLobelii five altera Matthiolj florc albo. Flore purpurcr & rubro fimplici. Flore purpurco pleno. Pannonica major & minor. ' Surrcfta five FlammulaMatthioli. Sylveftrts latifolia five Viorna. Vrensflorc albo five Flammula repenj. Dodonari. ClconeoAavii Horatii Anguilara.i.Eryfimum vulgare. Cfi nopodium & Alpinum 21. Alpinum Pons. Alpinum hirfutum Bauhini. Alterum.ibid. Arvenfe, ibid. Auftriacura. Dodon*i,i. Marum vulgare. Majus five Acinos 2 i.Mmus five vulgare. Origano fimile Bauhini live majus Vulgare Matthioli. Clymenum Plinii& mas Gcfnero,i.ScrophuIariamajor F^nunumGcfnerOji.Betonica aquatics. P Iriianum Anouilara& Camerario. Italorum& LobcIii.i.Siciliana five Androfrmura. Diofcoridis Columna,i.Calendula. Matt! ioli.j.Lathyruslatifolius perenuis. 1062 Aiin us Dalcchampii .i.Stachys paluftris. 1231 670 1581 1 580 35‘ 55 8 55 o 3 5 1 560 962 ibid 767 767 ibid 962 96 o ibid ibid 960 * 7 2 ib,d ibid 66 2 ibid ibid 660 ibid 666 66 3 657 666 66 3 66 4 ibid 66 3 664 66 2 1506 Minus Lugduncr.fis, i.Syderius Anglica ftrumofaradice. 588 I heophrafti, i.Periclymcnum Diofcoridis. Coccus vide Cnicus, Cnendia.i Gentians major. Cftecrum Djofcoridi,i.Folio Thymelxar. 203,640 Album & nigrum 1 heophrafti Anguilara,i.Lavcndula & Rofma- rinum. 640,1203 GuilandinOji.Thymclaea & Chamclara. ibid Album Dalcchampii Lugduncnfi,i.L>orycnium Plateau Clafu vel Creticum Alji.ni. 362 Album Theophr^fli MatthioIo,i. Cafia pottarumfie Vii°ilu. 203 640. Matthioli BauhinOjj.Ocimoides repens. ibid Albo aftinis Bauhino, i.Dorycnii m Creticum, 361 Album & nigrum MattbioIi,iOj. Phnii& GaZar.i.Cafia Hycrm ^rgdu. ; c 40 3 TheophraftiPancioFerrarienfi,i.TartonraireMaffilienfium.20o Nigrum quibuldamji.Camphorata major. c6 G Nigrum M\coni. ’ c y '-neftrum fie Cncorum PIinii,i Thymelaea. \ . J Cnicusf»tivus,M9:Alc Cr Clufii,26o.Alter Crerfcus. ,b,d Singularis Alpino, 2 6 1. Sylvcftris, i. Atradylis. Coagulum terrx PIinio,i Orchisabortiya,i362. Cobbamjndis 1 Arbor Gchuph. ’ Cocahcrbi Occidcntalis,t6i 4 .Gocc' gria vide Coogvorii * * 7 Coccymtlxa vcl Cocconcl^aTi.cop/irafli,!. ConmtsCoriaria pl ; - nn non Primus utma!evertit Gaza. Coccocuidmm & Coccognidium,i.fiuftus feu bacc* Thymelxje! 1 c °ccos Bapbica i.Chcnnesfive KcnneSj, l9 6. Q»,b u fd 3m Coch° - nillc, 1498,583. SiveChcrmesraditum. Quercuum,i39i, Myrtorum, ^ ; >47 COC adi 1 "rcm c a ! ‘ Un ‘ ‘ 5 " ld3m F,£oin ‘ ) “ :;E mljVd. I498 28 5 ibid ibid 1238 i 5 8z IJ98 ibid ibid 380 384 381 ibid 3 8 ? 380 ibid 382 ibid ibid 380 38 t $35 2 3 ibid ibid 6 ti 577 adhxrenres. Cecil Icana Anglica marina Yulgaris. Anglica longifolioalctra. Minor,286,M n ma,ibid.RorundifoIia Barmica Gmlandino, i Anagallis aquatica tenia /.obebj.’ I Coeulus Indus ofiianarum. 1 Coccus,Indka nur,I Jp 5 .dc Waldiva 1 Indica racemof.ijibid, Parva ^nSufl^E^f GVC CampI " U,S ' i - ^ CodomalG Crctcnfium.i.Vuis Idiaquaro Clufi.fiae AmehncKier. Ctrli donum Cbyrniftatum,! Clielidonium majus 'VI Cogiyguaor Coggyria.i.Cotinus Coriar.a Piin,i&s umad . v ‘ torum. Tciic- Cobine,i«66.Coix Theophrafli Mycono.i. Gramcn bulbofumVci 1 nunum 1,76. B auhino forte Lachryma lob,, j, Colchicum opere priorc. ' Cola fruftus Nuci pinex fimilis. Cell arion,i,Anag.illis tem ftns. Cploc.’ffia 8i Colocaflion longa & rotunda radice. Longiffima radice. Colochierni Belli eadem eft cum Calochierni. , Colocynthis major rotunda j 160. Germanics ObloHga,i6o. Pyriformis 'bid. Vulgaris. Colpquintida eadcm. Colophonia. Colubrina ma jor & minor,i.Biflorra. Colubrina radix Viroimana live Piftolochia Virginiana Colubrinum vide Lignum Colubrinum. Columbana # Colurnbaiia 6 c Columbaris. Columbaris Hcrmolii Ba r bari,i.Verbena vulgaris. Columbina Cxfalpini.i. Aquilegiafylveflris Colus Iovis.57• Colisruftica Cordiji.Atraftylis, Colutxa majorfcorpioides, 116 .Scorpioides miHor. , 2? MaritimaglaucitoIio,227. Minima,228. Veficariafive vulgaris. Cclyrcaquibufdam i. Arbor ludz. Coma 311^3,69,70. Coma aurea ‘Gr rmanica,i.Linariaaurea Tragi, Comacum Theophrafti i.Nux mofehata. a ' Comaru r . & Comarum i. Arbutus. I4gc CombafboguCji, Meliguctta. 1C77 Combrccum Plinii Anguil.i.Gramen hirfurucapitulo globofo.n8c Commham IndiSji.Bcnzo.n. B 15-2 ComoIanga,i.Barecha. Condrus Guilandinoji.Arbutus, J4Q0 Concha: Anitiferx. i?6o Conchula: Indies,i.Vnguis odorata,r ^73. Concordia. 59/ Conder Avicennx.i.Jhusfi/eOlibanum. Condifi. Condita corpora, i.Mumh. Condurdum plini'i qu bufdam,i.Vaccaria rubra. Coni funt Pinorum. Picearum,&c.fruftus. Condrilla vide Chondrilla. Connarns Alccandrimorum,i.Napeca five Oenoplia. 16 41 55 9 375 ibid 161 ibid if 4 i 391 411 676 ibid <5 4 » ly 9 2 634 J 44 2 Theophraftj Index Latinus. Thcophrafti GuiIandino,i. Arbutus. Conferva Plin. i ztfi.Fontalis rriefodes, i16® Marina,i. Alga. 1294 Confecratrix,i.Iris;zs8. Confiligo,i.Helicbraftcr major vcl maxi¬ ma?. X15 Confolida aurea Cordo,i.Chamxciftus fire Helianthemum. Aurea nemorum. 54 * Aurea Tabermontani.i. Solidago Sarafenisa Tragi ft aliorom. 54 ® S arafenica quibufdatn Gefnero,i.Demaria baccifera, 6 xi Media,i.Bugula five Prunella, fij Media vulncrariorum quibufdam,!.Belli* major. Major,i. Symphitum majus. faz Mmor,i. Prunella, 5 z6 % bive Beilis minor. PaluftrisTabcrmontani,i.Conyza maxima fercatifolia Thalii. Rega!is,i,DeIphinium. >37® RubraTabcrmoiuani.i. Tormentillx. 344 Quinquefolia.i. Dtapenfia. 534 Sarafcmca fire Solidago Sarafcnica Prima Tr*gi Baubino,i» Vir- ga aurea ferraus ioliis. vide Solidago. Tubcrofa,i. Symphitum tuberofum. Contrayerva Hifpanorum. 4x1,1680 Convolvulus Aigyptius, 170. Althez foliiljlbWl.Africmu*. ibid Americanus pennatus fivctenuifoliw. ibid Acriplicis folio, 171. Arabicus. 170 Azureus five czrulcus major, 169. Czrulcus Virginianus. ibid Marinuj,i.Soldanclla,i<7. Major albus vulgaris. *63 Major Hederse foliis,i.Flos muftis, 17o.Minor albut rulg«i 5 .ibid Minor HifpanicusCxrulcus,i7i. Minor Africanus. ibid Minimus Africanus, ibid. Peregrinui. 175 Re&us odoratus Pona,i. Dorycnium ft CrcticuiQ Alpino. Spiczfolius,i7 i.Trifolius purpureas. 169 Trifolius Virgineus. ibid Cony7.a Alpina major & minor. 1 28 Aquacica,izjz. Alpina elcgans Gefncri, $ 7 ° Germanicamonrana ft longifolia altera, X 2 y p i27 HcHcnitismellicaincana. ibid Heilcnitis pilofa,ibxd. Foliis Isciniatis. 116 Major & verior Diofcoridu,i»5. Major rnlgariJo 115 Marina Lugdunenfis. lz&% Mattbioliji 15. Minorverapenz, iij Minor Diofcondh Rauwolfio. ibid Montana five Alpina ezrulea minor. ibid Alpinaczrulca major,iz6. Odorataczrulca,' ibid Paluftris major & minor. * Z3 z Cony7oidesc*rulea Gefneri,i.Conyza c«ri!ci* l Z7 Copal. 1670. Copa{iva ; ibid. Copey. 166 8 Copra Indis, 1598. Copouj,i.Batecha. 77* Coqucy.Cocus. Coquilla.i. Cocusparva. Corall arbor, 1551 Corallma fruticans alba. Z X96 Corailina officinarum alba ft rubens. j 291 Nigra,ibid. Nigra altera. *197 Latifolia, 1295. Longa. ibid Minima, 1196. Nigra. ibid Squammata. Hgf Frutieans alba Eriezfaeie, 1 196. Plumata,ibid; Rubra. ibid 'Alba nodofa, 1297. Reticulata,ibid, Rugofa. ibid r N .'if ria ? p u x -. „ «>« Corallion herba,i. Anagallis vulgaris. 599 Corallium vel Corajlum album majus ft minus. * x 99 Album articuiatum. tzoo Album vctrucofum. Album fpongiofum, jbid Album Stcllaturo,ibid. Album fiflulofum. ibid Album punftatum. s , 00 Nigrum & Nigrum hirfutum. tJOI Rabrum majus & minus. Rubrum cordc nigro. Coralloides Cordi,i, pcncarla coralloide radice. Cor Divi Thomz. Coramble & Corambe vcl Crambe. Corchorus & Corcorus.Pliniiquibufdam.i.Anacallis, Dalcchampii. B Gefnero quibufdam, i.Podagraiia. Plinii Lobclio i.MclocIiia. Coriandrum fzridiflinHim. Coris Bellonio.i.Afcyrum fztidum Belli. Matthioli, 570. Legitima Crecica Belli. Monfpelienuum. Coris Legitima Diofcoridis Pona,i,Lutea Matthioli. Ouilandinoji.Chamzciftus Ericzfolio luteus. Monfpelxaca,570. Quorundara Clufioji.MoofptlillCi; Corncola CzfaIpini,i.Genifta tinftoria. Cornu cervinum Sc Cordi, r - AltMuoiYulgo. lOOf ax 8 ibid 503,1x80 ibid Cornu Monoceroti*,i.Vnicomu. 16 z * Cornus mas fru&u rubrojijxo. Fiu&ualbo. ibid Fzmina. ibid Corona fratrum,937. Coronula ffarrum,i. Alypum, j 18 Monfpclienfium, zoo; Regia,i.Melilotus. 7x5 Monachi',781. Tcrrx,i.Hederaterreftris. 677 Sol is^. FI os fob's. cSroJfilla dd Re frurcx ^Czfalpinid.Genifta fpinofa. Coronopusparvuiji.Ranunculus quibufdam, 503. Satirus Minimus Ncapolitanua Columnar. Prochytz Infulz, 5#i, Matthioli. Quibufdam Plsntago marina, ibid. Maritimus nirfutus, 5®J Floreezruleo Gefneri.i.Scfamoideiparva Matthioli, 7*7 AlusScrpcntanavcl Serpentina, Rcpen* ftrefta. fox Leoniceroji.Ifchzmon. ‘ 503,1180 MatrhiolojSefamoidesparvuni. . 787 Sylveftra Tragi L£auda muris, 501 Tcnuifolius maritusus. ibid Coronopj ft Scdo momj.o medii Plant, MonlpslitnGum. Lobelio, 501. Corpora Condica ft Corpora lerraTa. i. Mumia. Cor InduA.i.Pifiun cotdatum, 137? CorragOji.Borrago. Corrigiola Cordi.i. polygoaatum majus. 444 Corrudaprior,4 5 5. Aitera & «ertia Clufii. ibid Cortex Winterini, 1 6 j a. Cortex arborisad rheumaxiftno*. 166} Cornua Americana,93 3, Matthioli.ibid. Coru. 166» I Corjrdalis, i. Fun via montana lutes, 390 CorydaIion,i. Fiunada yolgaris. ibid Corylus,i NutAvellanafylrcftrii. j 4 ,8 Corymba,i.Lichniifativa. 6, 0 Co * a * 5 ert,,Co * a ^’ anicrw ^ 0,i *^‘* r!lciu 9 l latifolium primunx Clufii. r goo BauhinOii.Pulmoaaria GalJorum: Czfalpino,i. Coflus fpuriiu Mazhioli. ® a 51 Cofius, 1 j 8i. Arabicus. e jL Syriacus *marus ft dufcis, ibid Hortenfis major Sc minor. 7 g Spurius Matthioli, 5yi. Illyricw TabettnoijtanLi, Coftus fpu> tins Matthioli. 1 rius Matthioli, Niger,*. A marus,Officinarum Syriacus. CotinuSji4j9. CotinusCoriaria. Cotonaria,687 # Cotonca maJu* ft ejus fpecies. Cotonafter Gefneri. Cotula fztida & non fztidi. Non fztida florc pleno. Marina 128*. LutcaDodaaei'i. Ri^hthalm u^ Cotyledon alter Diofcoridis. Alter minor guttaro florc. Alter fubrotundo folio. Alter YcrficoloriUis f obit . Aquaticuf. Paluflria. Primus Diofcoridis,!, Vmbilicus Veneris, Serrarusji.Sadum fotacum tuttato flore. Scellatus, Sylvcftris. Sylveftris Tragi,i.Monophy Hum. Couhage Indotum,i.PbafioIut hirfutut. Coves CamerariOji.MaJvaquxdam Syrian,’ CouJcoul.1417. Cracca major ft minor. Cradix,i 4 94, Oambici,i.C«mbugio. x^ 7 . Crairulam3jorHifpanica.7i<5. Minor offidnarHznji.Vermicularii 73 J. Mmorpurpurafccntc flore. nit Minor fylveftris. ^ Montana Cxfalpini,i.TeJ«phiuin floribus purpureis. 728 5 errara,i.Sedum ferratnm gutrato flore CoryledoD. five foliis oblongisfcrratix. * _ 4r Vulgaris. CratzgusTheophrafti GuiUndino,i.Agrifolium. ,486 PhniOji.Sorbus torminalis vulgarise ^ 2 z 1 Pliniien0Dir,i.Scmcn Bull,,.,8. Anguil.r*ft LuiduncnPi,' Sorb«t.rlI,m ? Ii,,, 4 i, Tngo.i.Mcfpilusvulga?,. , 4>t Crltxogonon Angtidara.i.Pctgcari.n.nciacuista 6 odoneo,i.GramenLeucanthemutn. l.obelio I i.Populu»L>bica quibufdatn. Vulgare. ' tUi nS? L “ Icuman£Ufl,fo1 ' 'til Crr D U ,^? £ T IC ,P Cr:lr f"’ i ' £ufr3 fi' 3 > r *" n fi‘ ru kra mtjor. ‘ 1350 Grepanellaltalorum CametiriQ,i.DentilIiria Rondcletii. r«» aviQa,i e CritbmumGveFznjcuJtimicnarinsunmajus^ * Crepit )id * 585 ibid *451 *504 *4*4 86 74 t ibid ibid 1*14 ibid 74® J06 Joytf X07 6 > 57 ? 1702 index Laiinus » 806 I * 559 '! 534 1050 1561 7 M 714 Crept* Daiechnmpii,i.Sonchus Ia: visanguftifoLius. CrefpinusCzfalpini,& Matthioli,i.Betberis vulg. . Crefpolina CaeTalpini ,1. Abrotanum foemma. Crcfpone Cz(alpini,i.Paftinaca aquaticaLobeJri. Crcthmani,i.Cutbinum. Crias Apaleiquibufdaqi,iPinguicula. Crimnoa, 1127.Crmita,i. Adiancbum verum. Crifpiniis,i.Crefpinas ancea. Crifpina Vva Cordi, i.Groflularia vulgaris. Criftaprima Czfalpini,t.Melampyruiu luteum lotifolium; Alterative Alpina CzfalpiBi,i.PbilJpcndulaniantan.iu Alterius generis Czfalpini,i.Eufrafi.i pratenlis rubra. Secundacjufd-m,i.Eufralu pratenlis lucca. Galli five Ga!linacea,i. Pcdicularis. Galli rnbra,ibid. Anguftifolia montana* Vmbel lata,ibid. Cnthamus agrcftis. Crithroum i.FoenicuIum marinum vide Crithmum. Tragi,& quartum Matthioli. C a falpini,i.Eryngium marinum. 9 8 3 Crocodibon Lugdunen(is,i.CarIinacaulefcers. 97 1 LobcIu-ii.CarduusFphzrocephalusflore & capitc purpureo. 978 Monfpclienfium Lug. i.Garduus fphzrocephalus cxrukus minor. Tabermontani,i.Cbamaelcon niger. 97 1 Crocus fylveftrisAnguilara,i.Cnicusfacivus. Saraecnicus tft idem, lndkus,i.Curcuma. 1584 Crons,i Piper Aitluopicum. Croton Nicandri Anguilara, i.Vva marina major. 451 Cruciali*Cslalpini,i. AlylTum GermaniumBchoides Lobelii.757 Maritima Czfalpini i Rubia marina Narbontnfis. Quibufdaro,i.Cruciata keiba. * Cruciataminimamaricnna Czfsl.i Rubeola echiriatafaxatilis. 277 Minor,566.Muralis Czfalpini,1 Rubeaccliin.ua faxatilis. 277 Minor montana 5 566 Vulgaris,ibid. Gemiana vidcGentiana, Crucis flos, 1.Polygala. * 33 ? Crupina Belgarum,i ChondriUa rara purpurea. — 786 Crus Galli,1.Ranunculus bulbofus. 33 3 Cryfo£blla,i. Borax. 1575 Cubebe, if8j.Cuci Plinii & Cuciophora,i.Nux Indica minor. CubebeCzfalpini,'. Amomum,x 583. AliisCarpefium. Cucuphicos CretcnGum,i.Faba fylvcftris. Cucubalus & Cucubalum Piinii>i.Solanum vulgaris quibufdam. 3 48 Alin veroji. AlGne repens baccifera. Cucullata Lugdunenfis a i.Pinguicula. 5 34 Cucumisanguiru*,77 2. Amarus. 160 Agrcftis five Afimnus, ibid. Ci trull us. 773 Indicus,77o. Sativus,77** Turcicus, 773 PuniceuSji.Balfamina mas, 715 Cucurbita anguin3,770. Camcrina.ibid. Capitata,ibid. CJypci formis fivelaciniata. Lagcnaria major & minor,ibid. Fungiformi j. Indicarotunda &aliz. Hyema!is,ibid. Oblonga»768. Stellara. Seffilis.ibid. Somphos Plinii,i.Balfamma mas. Sylvcftris,i6o. Verrucofa. Culcasu.Colocafia Aigyptia. Culcolus i.NucisIuglandisputam nviridc. Curaillo Hifpanis 1 hapGa Hilpanica. Cuminagcro.i.Cuminum Melitenfe. Cuminum fativiirn s 887. Bulbofum Plinii Colu.i.! Equinum Tragi,i.Carum pratenfc & Fzmculum f. lyeftre. 91 o AE.gyptium & Romanum. 887 Aichiopicum Diofcoridis. 913,887 Pratenfe, i.Carum vulgareBauhino. Regium, 887. Sativum alteium genus Czfalpino, i. Vifnapa Matthioli.umbella longa. Sylveftre,37 i.Siliquofum alterum. 372 S>lveftrequibivfdam,i.Dtlpliinun\ five Confolidaregalis. Sylvcftrealtetum Fuchfio,i.Melanch'ium five Nigel] a. 1377 Cuncno MeIitenfibus,i.Phalaris fur.inc nigro. Cunilz Pliniivariz,uc Bubula CaditulaGallinaceaSativa & fyl v e- ftris,6i4. & Cumila fifnpliciter,i.S.uureia zftiva. 6 Cunilago Plimi,i.Conyza media & Cunila. 6,1 5 Cuprefius arbor,mas & fxmina,i476.HerbaCordo.i, Abrot2num frmina. Americana.ibid. Marina. 1301 Cuprcfio fimilis frudus Abhel five Habbel didus. 1475 Cupulz ghndium,i 389 Cura Curo, & CuradopaIo,LCoru. 1663 Curcasquibu(dam,i Balfamumalbum India Occiduz. Clufio, i. Ricini A mcricani frudus. Garzia.i.frudus Qi'iviquilcnga. Curcuma, i Crocus lndicus,i 583. VuIgarii,non eft verva. Cunni. Cufcuta, 10. Cufculeum,i grnnum Chermes. Cuffus*altera Scrapionis Tngo,i.Convolvulus minor. Cyanoidcs flos Dodonazi. Cj anusanguftifjpliuf rcpens,48j. Barricusfupinui. 768 ibid 770 770 7 M 769 1414 887 ucula terreflns. 183 1613 ibid **33 1345 474 ibid Creticus lanjginofus fpinofus,479-Floridus Turcicus fivcGricii- tahs major fie rrunur.48 ^ Lati'folius. Folus Stvracis t 47 9. FruciGofus Creticus. Major vulgaris & minor. Plinii Column*,!, bd.unoides parvum Matthioli. Montanusi i major ,Sylvcitiis fhabi,i.Iacca nigra. Cyclamen auturanile lolio hederz. Pro Cyclamino verno fpuria milla planta. Cy claim nus alteiaDiOkondisquibufdam,i Dulcamara. Lucz Ghinz,i.Alfinebaccitera. Altera Hederaceistolus Lobeln. C.i:!amhcmos Piolccridis quibufdam,i. Bryonia nigra. Tertia Plinii,i.Monophyllun. Cydonia malusyide Cotonea. Cymbalaria,68x. pro Vmbilico Veneris abltalisfumpta. C.mbalion. C\minum,i.Cuminum. Gymogroftisu. Gramen Caninum. Cynanchica Lugdujienfis. Cynanth mos,i Cotulafztida. Cynarafylveftris Crecica.^z.S'y.lvcftiis Baeiic3 CluGi. Aliz diveriz alimentofz. Cynoccphalo* Plinii Lugdunenfi's,i. Antirrhinum. Cynocephalia Guilandino,i Psonia GalenimonDiofcoridis,quz & Cynofpaftos tcireftris fit itfiani, & Aglaophotiicjufdcm fiftadenomnationc, ob fvminum rubcfcciuium fplendorem nodupeamor,i. Anifum Phillippinarum. ! 5^9 Damnfoi)ium,2i9.3i?. Alpinum Lugduncnfi & Cordo tcnuiloh- um,i Elkborine fexra Ciufii. Calliphyllon Cordi,i. Elkborine alba. AlilTordes Cordni.L maria aquntica. Nochum Dodcnxi,i Calircolus Marix, Diofcoiidis Columns j.P.iralyfis. ■Diofcoridis Cxfalpino i. Digitalis. Stcliatum Lti°duncnfis,Planragoaquatica n'.inor fkllata. Daphne Alexandrina, 7oi.Fnch(ii, H ppoglolhun. Daphnoide* Fuchlii^ Me ft Ken Gcrmamcum lo^Nofirttm vul j are Gednero endem, ‘bid Dar fin 1,1.Lignum Sinenfc G-U7.ia,& fit Cinamomimi. 1 S 79 Dj nan. . 16 3 > Dacur? 3 i.Stramonium minus. 3 1 I D-uicoides miner Coidi. 9 ■Drabaalba filiquofa minor. Alba filiquofa repen?,ibid. Flore cxruleo galeato. £ry(imi Here & filiquis. Lucca, i Solid.igo fiuquofa Gerraanica. Minor capitulis otbicularibus. Minima mural is Columnx. Ttnuifolia,8 50. Vulgaris. Vinbellata. D u us Alpinus Crctico fimilis,896. Aker Plinii Column*,uStli- j Draco arbor, 1 yg 1. Kerba,i. Tarchon. num percgrinum^prin um Ciufii. AlfaticuJ^oo. Anguilofus Cordi,90 j. Creticus vorui. 896 Flifpanicus,889. Maximus,900. Montanas Apii folio. 898 Montanus punulus.896.Paluftris Gtfneri,! Thyllelinum. 9x8 Niger TJicpobraft»,90Z. Minor Cordi.i.caneulis florc ruhro. Praicnfis Apii folio,S98, Pratenlis Dalcchainpii. 9 00 Pratcnfis Hifpanicus,899. P»crofefihi folio live, Bunium. 900 Sccundm Diofcoridis Columnx. 9 J S Secundus Ualech.899 Selin, ides major minor & maximus.898 Sclinoidcs Cord1.92z.Scpi.1vi.JS Gel.i.Cerifol.f\l.Stcllaius.900 Tcrtius Diofcoiidis Belli.898.Tcrtius Dakchau p. 900 Vulgaiis & officinal 1101,963. Detrurum. 155 .. Myiobalanus. 248 Aquaticus Gefncri. Huic:nhs,i. Tarchon. SyIvcftris,i.Ptarmica vulgaris. Dracontiumji Dracunculus major vulgaris. Ter ium PIinii.i.Dracuncti'usaquaiicus. Drncunculus Alpinus Scabiofx folio. Aquaticus five paluflris. Alpinus, i.Ptarmica. Brafilianus. Major Biunftlfii,i.Biftorta major. Major vulgaris.8 j9. D.aconcea minor. Drakena radix Ciufii. Droda & Drodclla i.Myagium. Drokra Cordi & Drofium. i.Alch mill*. Drofomeli,!. Melaereum. Delcg & Dekgi Arabibus 1- Ddpl inium.1378. Diofcoridis,id tfl.Buccinum Lobilii five Cha- mxncrium flore Dclphinii fed non Geliuri, 549. five Confo- Dud>isn,i MandragoraS abis Viola. Aliis mufaarbof. kdarcgalis latifolia. *>79 1 Duda Sail, 1. LignumColubrinum Acoftx. Dcndrobryon Columnx,i.Mufcus arborens nodolus. 1 3 1 * j Dulcamara, 1,Solarium Ligriofum. Dcndrol1banon.1CcdrusmagnaL1b.ini. 1 J 3 1 I Dulcichirnum,! Trafidulcis. ibid 835 8 56 l '~7 15 6 9 D«nsgramen,i 175. D.ns Caninu',opcre piiore. Dens canis Leonis angufioribus foliis.780. Ocl.orizata Gcrardiji. Cichoiium lutcumpraicnfe,779- Gadenlis. 7 Sl Minor folio afpcro,ibid. Minor radiatis foliis Trinciatella Italo- rum Camerario,78o. Monlp.licnhum five Afphodeli bulbu- lis,7 S t. Tenuiflimo folio 7 So.Vulgaris. ibid Pentaria & Dcntillaria, baccifera five bulbifcra, <5*9 Anguftifolia bulbifera,ibid. Coralloide radicc Ciufii five ctyvh- t .®-,1 363.Gora!kides five Coralloideradicc alia,621 .Hepta- phil!os,619. i. Lugdunenfis Aconicum.Enneaphjljos. 611 Pentaphyllos & altera,"619 Triphyllos. Dtocellaria85 6. Alia Gefncri,i. Trio five Eryfiraum. Rondetetii five Lepidium Monlpelknfium. Gefneri,i.Amel!us montanus. Columnx,i. Conyza cxrule.1 acris, Denticulara Lugdunenfis,i. Mufcatella Cordi. Dcfiderium Gazrji ^^ - ® - Thcoph'afii. Diabok ftcicus Germanicum,i Allaixtida officinorum. Diacridium& Dacluidium five Diagredium ufficinis.i.SuccusScam mnnii condenfui & prxporati. * Diapenfi^. i.Sanicula vulgaris. 5 3 1 Didamus & Didamnus Cieticus. z 7 Didamnum alterum Diofcoridis & Thcophtafti Ponx. 28 Digitalis alba,Lutca. Puipurea. Vulcan. ^53 CoIumna,i.Ephemevum Diofcoi idis. ibid Cxfalpini i.V irga regia major,ibid.Tragi,i. Campanulafyl. ibiJ Quibufdam Alifmatisaltcrum g- nils Plum. ibid Aliis Vcrbafcum, ibid. Digirellus,i Sidum majuj. 732 DigitiCitrini, 1046. Digitus Vemns, 1 Nymphxa. 1253 D.osanchos (culovisfios Tne^phrafti Anguilara.i. Caryophyllus. Stiperbididus Aliis Lychinsfa'tiva rubra. 630 Dionyfia Galeni i Afcyrum alceium. Diofcoridis,i Hedcra. 680 Dion)fior».mph 3 s. 5^4 Diofpyros fiveIovisTriticum Diofcoridis Lob.i.Lacixyma Iob.430 Galeni,i. Atr.elsnchier Gallorum. Theophrafti.i.Lotus Atricanalatifolia. 1 510,1^24 Dipfacusfativus,983. Fatuus Cainerarii,i.Virgapaftoris»98 y.S /1 veflris. Lacinialis foliij,ibid.Mincr,i.Virga paftoris. DodccatheonPlimi Anguilara.i.Primula Veris. Gefnero & Camcrariio,i. Pinguicula. Dolccguini & Dulzolini, i.Cyperus efculcntuSv- Dolicl us,i. Phafiolus. Dorc Indorum, i.Cardamomum. Dorellaji.MyagrumjSG^. DorioncB. Doronicum AintricaHum. D.ymopogcn,i.Vlmaria major. CordoA Draba vulgaris. Drvophono Plinii.Ruellio, Myrtus prabann'ea Djdonxo, i.Thlafpi Crcticum velDraba vulgaris. Dryopteiisalba & nigra. Drypis Thcop rafti Anguilara. Lobelii & aliorum, Ccanotlius Columnx, Lonicero,i Carduus Avcnarius. Aliis,Eryngium vulgitre. Dulcifida, Plinii,i Pxonia. Durioncs>i 640.Ducroa,1.Datura. JTBrnuj Crctica Belli & Ponx. PliniiMaranthx. Ebulus vulgaris,i 208.Laclniatis foliis. Echinomelocadus,!. Melocarduus^Americanus, F-chinophora Echinopodi Cretica Belli Ponx & Alpini. Echinopus Gefncri. Echinus.960 Crcticus. Echioides parva alba Columnar. Lutea minima campeftris. Echifim Creticum anguftifolium 8i latifolfum, Crcticum album & nigrum. Flore albo & rubro. Gtrmanicum fpinofum. Hifpanicum calcari donatum.' PulloBorc. Pumilum flore luteo, Vulgare.413 Flore albo. Palufti e Cordi & ThaIio,i. My.ofotis ScorpioideS. Paluftris alterafpecics Tha'io,i. Myofotis cxruleaqux &Ecbi- um Scoi pioides arvenle Bauhino, Elachi,i. Cardamomum Egano,i Laburrttim majuj- EghelojiXaburnum minus. Eghnteria Rofa.ioio.Elachi^.Cardamomum. ElxagnusMacchioILi.Olea 8ohcmicafive Ziziphusalba. Theophrafti Lobtlio,i.Vitex five Agnus Caftuj. Cordi Lobelio, i.Matus Brabancica. ElxprinosBellomo,i.Alaternusprima Ciufii, Elaphobofcum, 944. AlbiufiLomccri ; i. LibanocismajorTheo- phrafti Lobelio. Ececcee 3 Nigtuia 1704 lnhtx Latini 94? 161,154^ Nigrum Loniccro,i.Daucus Sclinoides fecund a Lobe 1 1;. Gefncro & GujLanciino,i.Bupleurum msjus. Di ofcoridis Columnar.Sikr fitirum. Elaphobofco fimilis CordOji.Podagraria. Elatcrium. Ebitine folio fubrotundo S53. Folio acuminaco. ’ ibid, Elarinc folio acuminaco fioreque ca:rulco,i.Alccra Monfpcliaca.ibid Quarts Brunfclfii,i Hcdcra tereftris. 877 Tertia Tabermontani, i. ApSaca legumcn. 1067 Columna linc r ia,i.Htdcralx folio. S jo Tfago&- Lonicero.i.CynogloiTum minus. Cordo & quibufdam aIiis,i.Volub;tis nigra. C. xfalpmo, i. Sptcuius Veneris. Dodon*i&priorLugduncofis,i.Alfine hcderuls folio. Elemirel Elemmgummi. 1586 El i.Rofa Eglanteria. 1020 Endivia major Tragiji.Laftuca Sylvcftis latifolia 813 Anguftifolia minor.774. Saciva. ibid. Loniccro.i.Sonchus larvis. 806 Eodiviola,774. Endochion Plinij,i.Laftuca agreftis. 814 Enncadynamis Polonorum Gc(nero,i.Gracncn Parmafri. 429 EnneaphyIlon,i.Vnifoliurn. 5 06. Plinij Crfalpino, i, Hclleboraftcr maximus. Quibufdam Ranunculusflammens. 1247 Enfalia,i.Cardamomum. a 577 Emhuficum Plinij.i.Certfoliumvulgirc. 915 Enulacampana. 634 Ephedra, 451 Ephemerum Columnar.Digitalis 6 \ 3. VjrginianumTradefcanti, opere priore.Non Icthale Fochfij J i.Lilium convallium. Epildbion Gefneriji. ChamJBncrium. 749 Epimclis Galeni J i4i4 J i49o Altera. 14 39. Quibufda Vncdo, 1 530 Epimedium, 13^f .Alterum Amerioanum. ibid Diofcoridis CoIumnSj i. Lunaria racemofa minor. 507 Epmj&it Anguilara,i.Hcrniaria. 448 Camcrariiji.Elleborine. Matthioli,i. Hcllcbori nigrifacieplanta. 114 tpipetron Gefncri. Epitymbra. 10. Epithymum, 9. Epiurtica,&c. IO Equapium Gaz.r,i,Hippofelinum. 930 Equifetumaltcrum brcviocibuifoliis. i 10 | Arrenfe longionbus fecis. 120 2 1 Fitidumfub aqua repens. ibid, Iunceum nudum & ramofum. 1201 Mayas paluftre. I 200. Minus polyftachion. 1 zot Montanum Creticum. 1203 Nudum minus variegatura. 1202 Omnium minus tenuifolium. izoi Paluftre minus brcvioribus foliis. Paluftre Linars fcoparix fbliis. X190 Pratenfe Majus. 120 2 Quartum Lugduntnfis & alioruro,i.Vna rmrinaj 451 Sylvaticum minus. j i0 ; Eranthenum,i.Flos Adonis Eraway,i. Ricinus minor ibid Erica Alexandria, 1 Sanamanda terua Clufii. 204 Bacdfcraalba 1485. BaccifcraMatcbioli. i486 Baccifera nigra. 148 f. Chryfanthemos Lugd, 6 57 Coris folio mixima alba. 1481. Grarca.i.Phana. ibid Genus quibufdam,i. CamphorariP $69 Major floribns exherbacco purpareis.' 1481 Marina. 1301. Maxima Thymifolio. 1341 Pcrcgrina. i434.Procumbcns. i48i.FuroiFl. 1483 Quinta &fexta Clufii. j 4 gj Scoparia. 1481. Scoparia altera. 1483 Supjnacarnea. i484,Supina herbacea. ibid Snpinamaritima Anglica.ibid.TcnnifoIii baccifcro, 14 48 Virqata. 1483, Vulgaris Staltera, 1480 Ericoidcs luccum & rubrum Thalii i Eufragiapratcnfis. 1330 Eriqerum.i.Senetio. 67]. Tcrtium Dodonati. 673 QHartim.j.Conyxa cxruleaacris baubino. 127 Erinacea Hifpamca Ciulii. 1CO i Ermus.i.Capnficus. I494 Diofcondis Matthiofo, i. Hieracium Sabandicum Iatifolium. 802 ct Ocimum aquiticum Durance. ibid. Columnn,i.Rapunculuimcmcrofusmagnoflore. 6^2. Erithales& Erifithales Pliiii;,i.Sedum minus vcl Vermicularis.73J Anguilara,i. Acaina. 967 AngailaraLugduncnllji Carduus pratenfis. p6o Apulcio,i. Sempervivum naajus. Ermclmus Ciefalpinoji. Guajacana. 1514 Ervanga Gazx fine Orobanchc Theoplirafti quibufdam Heiicinc Ciffampclos. Erucago Apula Columned PbyteumaMonfpelicnfium. 823 Vulgaris Columnay.Refeda vulgaris. Eruca Anglica Camcrarii 816 Sarivaalba. ibid. Altera feininc nigrefccntc.jbid.Latifolia. ibid. Ameiicana maxima ibid.Anguftifolia Auftriaca. 8 19 Aquatica. 1 z42.Cirulca Bauhino 81 9 Arragonica. Flore &fcminc albo.81 7 MnralisLugdunenfis. 820" Marina Anglica.8 20. Marina Italic.!. 8 21. Marina Monfpchaca. Paluftris.819. Peregrina Clufij. 8-9 Syl veftrij anguftifolia. 819 Syl.minor Bui fa; paftoris folio. 818 ^y veftru minor incana. ibid, Syl. minor par v o fiorc. ibid Sylveftris faecida 8 19, Vulgatior. g EtvumfivcOrobusfativus.1078 Sylvcflre. 1079. Svlveftre herka- riorum. * ^ Jc j Dodonco 3c LugdunenfiSji.Pifum minus. Ervilin. 1066,Altera- ibid. Ervilium Cafalpino Larhyrus Iatifolius. r io6i Eryngnm marinum & maritimum. 9 s y ArcliigenUji.AcarnaSylvcftnslutca. 967 Luceum, 972,1686. Mediterrancum. 9 g 7 Moncanum ibid.Montanuni rcccntiorucn. Mtdicerraneumcampcltre Matchioli & aliorum, 08S Pannonitum Clufij 98y,pJanumMutoni. 0S8 Planum minus,98 7 .Pumilum Hi f panicum. ibid Trifolium,ibid.Vegeti;. Eryfimum Aldroandi,i.Saxifrnga aurea. . z $ Alterum filiquis Eruca:. g., Anguftifolium Ncapolitanum,834.CereaIe. Xl .{ Dodon^i } 869. 1 hcophrafti interfruges. ll4l Inter utrumquc diftcrcntia.83 j.Gazae Trigonum. 86« Latifouum Neapolitanum. Theophrafti i Myagrum Diofcoridisat non eft Trjgopirum.86i S Iveftre Geraidi. 3 r Verum five Monianum,8 3 3. Vcrum Ludg. g.,, Vulgarc. ^ Eryfimo fimilis hirfutaplanta. g 5 Erylimofimili.larvii htiniata flonbus lutes BauUni; ill Eryfifepttum, looa. Erycliodanum ,i. Robia. EJiatiu, t j87,EfuJa,i8 5. Adulterina. ... Efuia dolcis 1 ragi, 188. Lobclio,8o». Indica Bauhini.i. Apocyocmi ^yriacum Clufij. r ‘ Exigua foliis obtuliiji9 i.ExiguaTragi. jny Mayor Germanicaji.Tithymalispaluftris. Minor, i Pityufafive Fithymaluspinea. ,« t Minor floribus rubris 190.Minor rotunda. Ka rae Lio Venecorum^Sy. Rotunda five Pcplus. JQ z >YlveftrisTragi Lobelio. ^ot Vulgaris Tragi,i.TithymaIus hcliofcopius. jg Q Enon.mus,243.Lugdunenfisji.Ledum Alpinum. Pannonicuj,2 4 i. Larifolius.ibid. Vulgaris. ' Etremelliji.Carimoni. ,. Enpafioriutn f.va Agrimoni.,„ 4 . Al.crum inodorum. ,b,d Aquaucum,j96 Aquatica Americanuro, jbid Avicennx.i.Canuabinuin. Cannabmom AmcricanumlatifoIium&anguRifolium: Cannabmum f^mma Scptentionalium. i 4 ° 6 . FagUs.1402 FagopjTum, 1 141. Fagotriticum. ibid Far five Adorcum,il at. cui Si Semen. 1114 Clu(inum,ma. Hahcaftrum. U a6 Candidum, Dodonxi, i. Olyia. ibid Farfara,i.l uflilago. Farfarusantiquorum,i.Populusalba. 1 Farfugium } i.Caltha paluftiis. Farrago Plmii,i 129: Varia? de ilia opinirnes. ibid Fafcius Dodonxi.i.Faba minor five fylveftris. * 1 5 5 Sylveftris ®odonar,i Fabavcterum Grxcorum. ibid Fafeluj vel Phafelus Galcni. 1058 FavagcllaCaefalpiniji.Chdidomum minus* *73 Faufel five Areca. 1641 Faulbaum Tragi, 141. i.Ainu*nigra. Fcbrifuga,i.Cciitaurium minus. *7 3 FcllelcavilI,i.Piper iErhjopicum Alpino. 1572,1605 Fel rerrae i.Sciratula quibuldam Scrophuhria alii5. Centauiium minus vetius. *73 Fcrraria. 596,612,1211 Fcrrum equinum vide Sfcrro cavaljo. * °9 * Ferrumtnatrix,i,Sidcriris. S 8 8 Feralalatiore & tenuiore folio. 8 75 Fertilago.ibid. Ferula Tragi,i.Gcniftatindoria. 233 Feftuca,ir^9. Fcftucago. **Sy Ficaria Brunfelfio,i.Scrophularia vel major, Yel mrnor,6i2.Ficariae funt Grana Fici. >494 Ficuj ^Egypcia,i.Sycomorus.i49i. ABgyptia Theophrafli,i.Caflia folutiva.13,5. IdzaTheophrafti. 1462 Cypria,i492. Idxanoftras Lugduncn. 241 Z>c Algarva. 1464. Hamilis. *494 Indica arcuata, 1499. Indica fpinofa major & minor. 1497 IofrrnaIis,i8}. Martabana. 1498 Nigra vel purpurea,1494. Nigritarum.^ji.Pharaonii. 1493 1456 Fidicula ycI Filicina Ga7.£,i. Trichomancs. Filago major,i.GnaphaIium,687.Minor.686. Filicula,i.Polypodiu. Filicaftrum,xo3 9. Filicularis hirta, i.Polypodiuro, 1042. Filicula Candida & Saxaiilis. 1045 Filicula fantana,i. Trichomancs aquaticum. 1261 Filipcndula major vulgaris,1434. Altcramajor. ibid Minor.ibid. Alpmalutea 436,AlpinaLugdunenfis. ibid Montana major, 1 3 6. Montana. 1, Pcdicularis Alpina mollicr altera. ibid Filiusante Pattern,i.Cholchicumjeft & Lyfimachiafiliquofo. Fili* aquatica,i.Ofmunda, 1039. Arboret Tragi;i.04x,Mas. 1036 Mas acu'eata,ibid. Fomina. 1037.Aculeatispinnulis. ibid Baccifera,i044 Florida.i.Ofmunda reg.ilis. 1038 Latifolia,1039 Mas Anguilarae,..Ofmunda. lo 39 Fxminapinuulisdenratis. 1037. Fontana, i.Tricbemausaqua¬ ticum. 1161 Marina Anglica,i.Chamxfi!ix,t04 4 Nuda Tragi. 1045 Mufcofa,i042.Paluftris,i Ofmunda *039 pumila Saxatilii prima Sc fecu.ida Clufi',i04 3 ,Qucma,i.Dryop- dcris. • 1041 Ramofa& non ramofn, 1045. Americana. 1044 Saxatiliscrifpa,ibid.& 1686. Saxatilis Clufii. 1043 Saxatilis folds nonferratis,ibid. Saxatilis Tragi. 1044 Filum maritimum Germanicum, 1261. Nigrum Scoticupi. ibid Fiftulapaftorisji. Digitalis vulgaris, 653. Et Plantago major a- quatica. >245 Fiftularia,i. Pcdicularis purpurea, 436. Flamma five Theo- phrafti. 630 Flammula vuIgi.i.Ranunculus paluftris Gcfncri, & DcntilariaRon- delctii, gy 6 lovisGefneri.i. Lychnis fativa coronaria. 630 Iovis florealbo Matthioli.i. Clematis furred*. Altera,i. Clematis urens & tepen*Borealbo,Aquarica,iii7. Flos Arobarvalis.i.Polygala,13 33. Adonis et Africanus operepriore. Cancri,i.CannaIndica. Carly.Lychinhfativa. 630 Chalccdonius vel Conflantino polit.inus, Creticus & Coccincus Lu°duncnfis,i. Lychnis Byzantina. Cuculi Dodonaiji.Armerius pratenfis. Cruris,i ■ Polygala. Cuculi Tragi, i.Cardaraine. Fxumenti.i. Cyanus minor. HepaticusTabcrmontani,i GramcnParnafii, Heliai 1705 ibid 483 430 iamhemos. i.Flos Solis minor. Hierofolomyranusji.Lychnis Chalcedonicu*. 630 Iacobi,i. Iacobxa,670.Mini.itus,i.Lychnis Byxint. 630 Mexicanus i.FIos Africanu* fiftulofus. Nodis i.Convolvulus majorpurpureus trifidus. PaflioniSji.Maracoc. Tinftorius Bumfclfij,i.Genifta imadaria. Tindorius Tragi alier,i.v~on>za cxrulca odorata. Scarlati Gef- nero i.Armeirus florerubro. Trinitatis i.Vjola tricolor. Facniculum aquaticum. >2 59 Aquaticum ftdlatum.ibid.Galariculatum. ibid. Aquaticum cor- nutum,Millefolium Aquuicumcornutum. *258 Etraricum, 88 5. Scmine rotundo minorc. 884 Porcinum,i.Peucedanum,88 i.Marinum.i.Crithmum# Sylvcftre Traci,i. Cicutaria paluftris.Sylvcftrc 884 Tortuofum.i.Scleli Maflilitnle. 5,08 Vnlgare,884. Dulce* ibid Fxnum Burgundiacum. 11 11. Fxnum Grarcum fatiyum, 1096. Sylvcflre. ibid Sylveftre alteium, ibid.SylveftreTragii, Glaux vulgaris. Folia Indica fanguincm illicofiftens, 1622 Folium Indium,i 564.Fontilapathumi. Tribulus aquaticus minor. ci- 1248 ronralis, 1. Pot.imogeton,Major latifolia vulgaris. > * 54 Srrrato iongifulio, 1 255. Spicata. >254 ForbcGnaGcfncrOji.Cannabina aquatica, 597 FormcntoncCarialpiniji.Tragopyram. Fragaria arbor & Irudus Fraga moncana,i. Arbutus, 1490. Alpma frudu comprrflo. 757 Helvetia nana, ibid. Minor bifpido folio. ibid Mmimc vcfca 75 8,Floreluteo, ibid Qoart.i Tragi,i.Pcntaphyllum ftagiferum Clufij,vel Porentillas facie. 378,400 Fragnla»i. Fragaria. Frmgula Matthioli,i. Alius nigra baccrfera, Fraftinella Ita!orum,i. Fraxinella. FraxmusLaurea,70x. Sylveftris,i.Ornus. 1418 Vulgaris,ibid. Bubula,! 419. Aucuparia. ibid Frumcnta Plinij & Threophrafti, 234.Frumentone alterum Caifal- pini,i. Volubilis nigra. Frudus Cholagogus Monardi, i. Caftanea Americana purgatrix* -- " " * ’ 1668 1*4* 1139 1129 **4* 1138 x6tg 402. SguamofutPalmseaUeix fimilis. Frutex CoronaruisClufij,i. Syringaalba. Frumemum amytcumji.oJyra, 1 1 26,F atuum.i. Lolium Gallicum,i.Trcgopyrum Indiciim i. Milium Indicum vel Mniz. Loculare,i. Zea fimplex velBrizaGalcni. Sarafenicum quibufoam,i.Tragopyrum. Turcicum.i. Millium Indicum vel Maiz. r utex marinus Ericx facie Clufij, 1299. Iaspatiens. - Peregrines fpinofus Rauwolfij, 1. Hadhadb Arabibus didum,i. Lycium Indicum. 1012 Pulcherrinus Felli,i.Stxbe fruticofa latifolia Crctica. 479 ScnfibiliSji.Herbamimofa. 1617 j Pfcudochamxbuxus.i 429 FucusalatHs,i29». Campillaccus,i,Corallina,i 296. Cupreffinuf, i.Cupreffofimilis. Ferulaceus, 1291. Folliculaceu*,ibid. Abrotanoide*. *304 Folliculaceus lerrata folio & Linarix folio. 1281 Herbiji.Anchufa,515. Giganteus. 1 293.1ntubaceus. **94 Latifolias,i2yi,Mattinus,i 291. Marmujlatiffimo folio. *292 Marinus b3cifer» i. Lenticula manna, 1281. Marinus fecundux Dodcnaei. X29Z Membranaccusceranoides. *293. Marinus Gallopavonispennas rtfercus,1294.Marinus Laduca marina diftus. Phafganoides, 1192. Polyfchidcs Fugadcmonum,i.Hypericum.57 3. Fuligo Thuris. Fulo Indis,i. Rofa laponica five Malua arborea Iaponcnfis. Fula.i. V inum ex Palina diftillatum. Fumaria Americana filiquofa, *89. Alba latifolia* Bulbofa americana,290, Corydalis Matthioli,i. LuteaMonta- <13,289. Claviculisdonata,i. AJba latifolia & Clematite* Eadem,290.Maior Crctica. 287 Minor, i 7°6 Inclex Latinm, 18, xS 7 jbid 1592 1313 Minor,ibid.Semper virens Americana. Syriacaji'po.Tt nui folia. 1 uberola Americana,189. Tubeiofa flereviridi. Vulgaiis,28 7. Mcdica:a Ftincra.i. Munia. Fungus Amanita, 1317 . AbietinHS,ibid Aiborcusdurus AaiSjij 1 y Aurieux Iudx di^Fus, 13 10. Boletus. Boletus verus, 13 J 8. Cancellatus. 13 23.Cotvinus. Capreolatus,<317. Clypciformis, 132j.Cym.vforniis. CoralloideSiibid.DencatiiSjj J2. Deiiticulatus. Digitdlus,! 3 17 Favaginofus. Fimerariusi 13a i.Fruticofus argenteus. GalericuIacuSjij 23 . Gallinnctis, 1319 Ignitirus, Laciniatus,! 32 i.Iinbricatim difpofitus veriicolor. Lapideus,i3 24 Lariceus,! 319, Lepormus,! 319.Lingua didus. 1318 I.uceranura,i3 24. Marinur.Maximus,! 310.Minimus. Fungus Mufc.uius,13 2i.Nemorum. Orienta/is Cxfalpini.Nux vomica vulgaris Ov!tuis. Petrous, ibid* Pezicar didus. Ptpciitiiji 3i9,Populntus. Pyramidalis,ibid.Qucicinus. Ramofus barbula prima didus. Sjtnbucinus,209,i 3 lo.Saxeus ibid.Spongiofus. Suillus,i3 ty.Tuberofus. Turim didus,ibid-yillofus five hirfutus. Fufanum & Fuforia,i. Evonymus. FuFks & Fuftcsji. Caryophyllorum pedjculi. Fuftet lignum lutcum, 1492. Fufus agreihs,i.Atradylis. Futrofium. G. Q Agel Germarioruniji.MyrtusBrabantica. Gaideiothymum Creticum.i.Stachas Ipmofacrctica. Gaiar.ga major & minor. Galanga a raultis pro Acoio fubftiruitur. Majoi quibufdam Acorm, aliis radix Sebxnancli. Galbanum. 15 44. Ga)bulx,i. Frufctus Cuprefli. GalflftividaCretenfiumprima Bellu Blactaria fpinofx. Altera crctica.i. Tirhymalus marinuslpinofug. . _ Galcdragon Xenocratis Anguilata,i.Dipfacus minor; feu virgapa- ; ftoris. 985 Galrgi montanaDalechampij. 417,1081 1320 13 '-4 13*5 13 16 >3 : 3 1 >14 J32Z 1321 1324 M >7 1 3 17 1319 > 3*7 * 3 '^ 1317 ibid 242 >577 964 1176 1451 49 1585 j 1411 , >585 j 66 j i8j 630 1073 4 i 7 607 6 c8 i Coins 59 608 6 09 612 Silveftris Germamca. Altera Dod«>nxj,i.ViciafyI.fpicata,ibid.Vulgaris. Galeopfis Diofcoridis legitima & non legitima. Altera lutca pallidior, Lucca Fachfij, i, Scropluilarialutea Dalccbamp, 608, Iovis. Fl re lut:oCxfalpini.6o7 4 MaxirmPannonica Clufij. R b .1 Dalechampij Lugduncnfis. Quibufdam,i. Scropbularia. Galerion. Galerica Tragi, i.Pcrufitas Galla Myricx fiveTemarifci, 1479 . OrientaIu,i. Coceulus Indus. Quetcina major,minor,&c. 1387. Tcrcbintln Bellonio. 1^27 Gain crus ApuleQ.Gramenlfchxmon. uP 0 Gallitriclum, 1 Horminumfativum,fo. ItaIorpm,i.Hcrtninum, fylveflre volgaic. ibid G allium florc albo majus,i.MoIlugo montan-i. j(5 + Flore rubro,ibid. Lutcum vulgare. ib JC j Lutcum latifolium montanum Columnar ,i.Cruciacj. Moncanumalterum,$6j.Montafium Creticum, ibid. 16S1 Nigropuipurcum Columpx,564.TerciumTiagi,i Mollu^o Garb vel Garab iEgyptiorum Alpino,i.Salictsgenus. a G arro,i. Arbor aquam fundens. Garofmusji.Atriplcxollida. Gairoemmin Malacca & Sumatra,i.Lignum Alves. Garyophyllata vide Caryophyllata. Garyophyllon Plimy. GaryopUylli AromatieLvidcCaryopb; Hi. G.inpot,! 541. Gchuph arbor. Carta gambandra,i,Cambugio Gcllxnecb,i. Semen GratioJx,22i.Geidu.ir. Gcl'ap vel Gebppo vcl Iallap, Gclfcmuium vcl Iaftninum album vulgare. Album Hfpinicum vel Caraloricutn. Album Arabicuro five Syriaccum flore duplici. Amcricanum folio Millefblij, 176. Ejus Icon. Amcricanum flore phxniceo & amplo. Amencanum flore rubro.i.Quamociit. Caraloniciim florc duplici. Cxrulcum Serapionis vcl verifimife. Jndicum flavumodoratiflimum. Lutcum vulgare, i.Polemoniuni vel Trifolium frliricana Lutcum Virginianum odoratum fempervirens, PcrGcum,i.LilicPerficumincifis folus. GcminalisGazxji.Hotminuai. ij( 5 y 1567 1A47 | 161 2 J 180 1464 j ibid 1 468 *<579 388 170 2464 J468 1465 1466 >4*5 l 468 Geniculatu i.Lychnis fativa. Gen 1 pat, t - 1 31. Gemcu,i. Cambui’io Gemfta alba tenuifolia. " Z19 Angnilof.i. HWpanici Italic! & Africans,i. Vulgaris. 232 umibs Dodonxi.i Cliamx gemfiapere^vina Clufij. Ilvenfis Lugdunenfis. 0 a ,o All nor toj/is H peria. Pumih,2 3 3 .Quadrato junco. ibid Rubra,i.Calia Poesica. ^ccparia,i.vulgarij. 22S 1 luftoiiaHifpanica, 229. Vulgans. 22S Geniflclh montana Germanica. z •* 1 Graminea mont.’na Lobdii. z \j Montana five Pinnata Hifpanica. AculeatJ,1004.Non aculcara. ibid Minimi. 223. Minor Alpalatodes & Monfpdiaca fpmofa.1004 Pinnata,23o.Tinftoua vd lnfedcoiia. 233 Gcmlta fpaitium fpirofum Bauhino,i. Afpalathus alter Clufij. xcoo Creticum, 100 1 .Creticum alterum. ibid Mnitus.iooi.Spinofum Lemicuia: foliis B.-.oliino, i.Eiinacca opinolum aphelion altcrum.i.Echinopodi Crctica.ioo,. S,na- cum. j Gcniftx Hifpanicx affini.j. * Gcniflafpinofa florc albo.iooj.Major V u]g,ris s i. Scotpius. ibid opmo.a Anglicaj.ooj.Tiicophr.tii Ntpa Gaza io o. Minor Hifpanica,lOoj.Spinoa minor. IOO , Spinofa Germanica. 100K Gcniianam’jorHotc albo,401. Florc cxrulco. bid.Cruciatn. 401. rlore Itireo,401 .Flore pallido pun&ato. i lore purpurcOjibid.Fennxi florc catruleopun&aio 40 . GentiantJla Alpina latifolia magno florc. 4 0 ? Anguftjfbli.i verna,ibid. Verna minor & Omnium minima, ibid AltivacciuL-j pondara. 0 Ai-flivaccrdaca,ibid.Flore breviore. 40c - Aifiiva Hore lanuginofo. jbid ^fliva florc purpurocxrulco. Antumnalis Centaurii mimoris folio. ^ 0 6 Centaurcae minoris folio major & minor. 407 Antumnalis fimbriato flore. ibid Antumnalis Pneumonanrhe dida. ibiJ Dubia Anpli C a,4o.. Fimbriata cxrulca Columnx. 407" Minima Bavarica-Camcrarij. 10 . Paluflrislatifolia florepundaro. ’ 40 .. Genpora i. Nuclerpmei interior cortex. Geranium Alccx veficarix foliis. Alpinum longius radicatum Ponx. ,709 Tuberofurn Camerarii. r . _ 706 oeiontopogon,i.Tragopo“on. Gala icrpcniana, jpS.Gtihianigra Scalrger, Grf„cro,i. Ia«a 4 6 9 870 138 ibid ■f 9 l 191 nigra. Geth' llrs i ve Geihyum Tbcoplirafli. Gcum Alpinum Gefneri .i. Caryophyll.ita.’ Alpinum quartum Gdneri 1 Cary« phyl ata mentana. Antiquorum quibufdnmji. Morfus Diaboli. Lobe.’i/ii Sanicula guttata. • Rivale Gefneriji Car-ophyllata aqu.uicanutantc flore. 138 Plinij,i.Vulgaris Caryph Jlata. j ?7 , Gbicarum & Gigafum.i.Arum candidis maculis. 377 !Gilbcnecbji. Semen Giatiolx. Ginge Camcrarijji.Abrus Alpino. | Gingidiam Diofcondis,89i.Matthioli. ibid i Cberxfolij folijs,ibid.Foli-i Baucix. ibid ; Hifpamcum,ibjiLatifoliura Synacum.891 Verutn. 890 Gitafol. 1. Iaaca, itjf.Gnh.i N/gdla. Githago Index LaUtm. Githa*o Tragih.Nigellaftrum. Gladioluscsruleus vel Icallcus Tragi, i. Xyrisfive Spatulafatida. Fsttdus,idem.Indicus Camcrarij,i.Ganna I hdica.fi or id a. Lacuftris Clufio,i 250. LuteusFuchfijh.IrispalulUis lutea. Paluftris Cordi five Aquaticus ,i r J pnf us Cy pcroidcs 0 otidus, 1197 Glaodcs cerrcltrc* five Terra: glandcs.- 1061 Gians Vnguentaria,i.Nux Ben. . 23 8 GlaflividaBauhinoji.Galaftivida Belli* 661 G}aftiimfativuro,6oo.Sylveftrc. ibid, lodicum five Indido vulgare & Nil five AnilMcfuci» ibid A/iguilara,i.Ifa(is vel Vaccariafylvefiris. Csfalpino,i.Lepidium vel Dervillaria Rondeluij. Gl.allpma virio aertvatum quibufdam. 602 Glaucium Diofcoridis quibufdam Pomumamoris. ^{4. aliisPapa- ver fpino(um,3o8.alusChe]idonium.ibid.aliis Papaver Cor- nicuiatam,7 26.Grscorum Clufio,i.Memitha Auburn.5x1 Glaux Alpim, 1 283. Exigua,i.Polygala a mulcis. Anguilara,i.Dorycmo congener Clufij. Exigua maritima, 1183 HiipanicaCliifijjiopf.Leguminofa. Leguminofa vulgaris lire Glycyrrhrza fylveftris. »° 9 8 Altera leguminoTa perennis. - 10 99 Leguaiinofa Indicafortr a faIrem Indico fionlii. 60 1 Maritima exigua, 1183.Major & minor. ibid. Waritima Vencta Alpino. ibid Glauci leguminofs aflinis^auKiho,!. Aftragalus tnarinus Bsticus .... .... 1087 Glicon Treophrafti five Acer Galjjcnm Gazd:,i.Triph\llum. 1426 Globularia esi ulea Monfpclkrifiuna,i. Bellas csrulea. 489 Lurca n.ontana Columns. 530 Gluten R.omanum Arabomji.Mafiiche, , 1515 Gluten Albotin Aviccrins,i.Tcrcbinthina vera. Glycypicron,i Dulcamara.!. Glycilida Phmj,i.Pa:onia. 138 AltragaloideSji.Tnfolium Alpinum angulti folium Pons. 1105 G.l; cyrrhiza & Glyxytrhiza.Geri^anica eebinata. l °99 Echinata. ibid Itahca, ibid. Trifoliaji.Trifoliurh GlycyrrJiizites. *10 5 Siliquofa.ibid.SvlveftriSji.Claux vulgaris. ibid Spinofa Lacuna: .1. Eryngium marinym. Glycyrrliizon,i.Glycytrhiza vulgaris, ibid Gnaphalioatfinis Bauhino.i.Baccharij Rauwolfij. 1 1 5 Gnaphahum Amcricanum.68 $. Alpinum Glulij. 685 Anglicum majus,ibid. Anglicura vel Belgicum. 687 Diofcoridis Pona,iPfcudo didtamus. 28 Diofcoridis Tragi,i.Grat»en tottventofum * *71 Marinum,687.Majus Gcrmanicum. 686 Marinum Dalechampijjt.Stscijas citrina altera inodora, 71 Winusfeu Herbalmpia, " 686 Minus latifolium.ibid.Minimum repens. 687 Montanum five P.es Cati. 69 o Rofeumjfipi.Supinum oblongo folio. 686 Golhaca Coch^nilla, 1098 Gortiphsna Lugduncnfis,i.AmaiantI.us tricolor. ibid Gorgonium Plinij,i.Lithofpcrmon. 933 Goflipium arbor, 1552. Frucefccns. 1 5 S 3 Afiaticum,i 554 lavanenle. 1 i$3.Spinofum Indicum. ibid Gotne albumn.Lcontopodium Crcticucn aliud Clulij. 505 Rubrum,i. Pfyllium minus. 278 Mfegiar jEgyptiorum Alpino,i.Goffipinm arborum. 278.1554 Gotini & Gom lndis, i.Myrobalanum Bellericus. 248 Gramen aculcacum ejufque fpecies. 1187 Agoorum ventifpica.n 59. Alopocurinum. 1169 Alopecuroidcs. 1167. Amourettes. 1166. Anthonacum.116 1. Aquacicum. 11 74 Avenaceum ejufque fpecies varis. 1149 Avenaceum nemorum Sc Montanum. > 1 f I Aureum Dalechampij. *157 Arvcnfc five Arvorumfibid.A’.undinaceu, 1180. A rundmaceum paJuftre. Bombyciiium. 1 27 i.Bufonum. Bulbofum Dalechampij. Bulbofum Caninum vel r.odofum. Bulbofum aquaticum, 1 276.Bulbofum i^kpinum. Bulbofum iVlcflanenfe. Caninum, 1173. Caninum marinum. CaryophyIleum, 116 i.Criflacum, 1159.Crucis. Cypcroidcs,i i7i.Cypcroides aquaticum vclpaluflre, Daftyloides,! i78.Dulce. Dyfta cbyophoion,i. fpica gemina. Echtnatum,i i87.Echmatum aouaticum. Equmum,ii59. Feftuca.' Filiccum J ibid.Fluviatile.i276.FloridumCamcrari;„ Gcniculatum^i i77.Glumofum. Hederaccum Tabcrmontani,i,GTamen'ParnafIu Holoftsum Matthioli. HordCacium, 1 i47,Hirfutum. 127 3 1190 1 '75 1175 1x75 1176 1278 1180 1265 1174 1162 1*74 X149 1316 II49 439 1190 H84. * Ifcba:mon,ii78.Iunceum. Iunceum aquaticum, 1269.Iunceum scutum. 127 Iunceum fylvarum,i 189. Iunceum triquetrum, 1260. Iunceum montanum. it 06 Iunceum maritimum. 1x71 Leporinum,i.Tremulum nujus.Lucanthemum. 13 25 Loliaceum,ii44.Manns. 1178 Manns Eonicero,i.Coronopus five Cornu pervinum, 503 Maris,i 157.Marinum 1276 Marinum majus & minus. 12.79 Marinum mediterranum. ibid Marinum fpicatutn & alterum ibid Montanum,1159. Montanum fpicatum. 1161 Nemorofum ibid.Nigrum Lugduncnfis, I 161 Ncmorumi.r i86.Modofum,l 175-Paniceum. 1154 PaniculacnTpa.1157, Paluftrc Bauhino. 1276 Paniculatum,i i58.Hino. n 7 6 Parnafli fimplici et duplici flore 4 z9 Parnafii Bauhino.i.Vnifolium,5o6.Quibufdatn Bifolium, 50? Pcnnatum.i.Spartum Aaftri Clufij. Phalarcides. 1164 Plumofum, 1183 .Polyanthemum Dodonei. 1280 Pratenfe. 1160. Quoddam ad pirnitam. 1622 Rabinum & Ravifum. 1163 Secundum Plmii An^nila,i.Paronychia. Scop,irium,i i76.Sigetura, 1157«Sonorum Plandrorum. 1154 Sorghinum,ii 5 3,Sparteum.ii99.Spica gemina Columns. 1161 Spicatum, 11 59.Spicaarticulata Virginiana,i 163. Stiatum^ope- re priore Sylvaticum, 1184. TertiumPlinii Anguilara,i. Illecebra minor. 7 ^6 Tomentofum>i2 22.Tremulum, it64.TriclinatiHm. 1159 Triglocum,ii69,T r itucum i iX53. Typhinum. 1169 Xcrampelinum. G ranadilloji .Maracoc. Gralegaji.Gakga I GranaParadifi five Mclegueta, 2577 I Granatinftoruni,&ofticinarum i.Chermet. Granum cordis Cordoh.Pifumcordatum. *376 GranumzelinScrapioms,i6b5. GraflepoleyGtrmanoruaj. 22a Granum Avenionenfe>ioi2,Pedicularium. axt 1 Regium,!. Ricinus. iS,j,Solis i.Milium Solis. 4 a ^ { Graria Dei five Gratiola Anguilara.i. Papaver fpumium. 224 C»fa!pini primaDiof.i Lyfiraachia galerxculatahbid.Csfalpioi altera i. Gfatiola. 22z Gratia Dei Gefnori& Dodonsi,i.Helianthctnum. 657 Gailorum Gefnero,i.Bupleurum, Germanorum Trago,i.Geranium Roberttanum. Aliis,i. Gera¬ nium Batrachoides. Graiiolacsrulea,22». Flore lutto Camerarii. aao Csrulealatifolia major. * azi Lacifolia minor five noftrJs. ibid CentauroideSjizz. Minor five Hyflbpoide3,2 20.VuIgaris, ibid Grias Apulci. vide Crius Groflus. *494 Groflulacij.csrulca, 1561. Rubra,ibid. Vulgaris. Jj6o Trago 8c Corn3rto,i.Rhamni genus Diofcoridis. 1008 Viridis hirfuta. 1561 Gruinalis.i.Roftrumgruinum five Geranium. Guacatane,i6i6, GuadarellaCsfalpini,i.Lutcola. 604 Guadum,i.Gla{tum 601 Guaj;icum Patavlnum Fallopii fiveGuajacana. 1 520,1522 Verum Indicum. Guajacofimilis, 1587. GuanubanusOviedi.1632.Sca/igcri. ibid Guari Arabibus,i.Arbortriftis. 1645 Guajabara,i667. Gul lndis,i. Arbor triflis. ibid G uajava, 1634. Gulioca, i.Nucis Ingiandis putaraen viride. i 414 Gul Pcrfis,i.Arbor triflis.GulioaSji.Ncucisjuglandis putamen. Gummi Ammoniarum,! 544. Amygdalarum. ibid Aniimum,! 588. 1594.1670. Anime, ibid. Arabicum & ver- miculatum. * 54 8 ,1549 Bdtilium,i 571. Caranha, 1576. Ccraforum, 154, Carriman&CoIliman,i67o. Copall. ibid ElemivelElemm',1585. Galbanum. *544 Guajacanum, 1587. Heders.679,1544 I uniperi,i.Vernix. 1030 Licca,i588. Maftichc,i Si^.Olex Achiopica:.14J9. Opopa- nax » 1544 Prunorum,i543.Sagapenum,i544. Perficorum. ibid Sarcocolla,ibid. Tragacantha,ibid: Vitis. Tacamahaca. 1(Jo g Gutra pro Ligno Aloe, 151. Gutta gamba, & Gutta gamandru,& Gutca gcmeu.i.Cambugio, *575 Gymnocriton,i Hordeum nudum. * j ?C1 H. pjAbbur.es Camerario,i.Leontopodium Crcticum aliud. Habelcoulcul Garzia,i.Curcas Malabarenfibus. 1623 Habhel Syrorum & Arabu.i.Fruftus Thujs CuprcfTo fimrlis* 147? fladliad Arabibus,i-Lycium Verum Rauwolfio xon, Hsmorrhoidalis Aldroandro & Clufio,i,Poligonum quoddam. Caftori* Durantijfi.Chondrilia bulbofa. 784 Hsmodoron 1707 Index Latinus, 708 Hacmcrrhoidum herbs BnmfclGo,i.Chelidohium minus. Haernia Scrapionis, i. Negundo. >]^modoron Thcophraftiji.Orobanchc. 333,6: 1362 Clufio'ji* Hypocifthis. Haiti Theveto,6c Airi Brafilinij Ccrio,i. Palma fpinofa. Hali'ca.i. Al/ca. 1527 Halicacabum,i.Alkakcngi,46i.Peregrinnm,i.Pifum cordacum. 1377 Indicum return Camerarii,46x.Virginianum. ibid Halminus aquaticus quibufdam,i.Gratiola minor. 221 Al'js Porculaca aquatics. Matthiolo,i. Mclochia. 7*5 jSapjvus 124. Tcnuifoliai. 715 jviajor GcrmnnicuSjibid.RuclIiijj. Viburnum- ibid Tragi,i.Pcriclymenumrc&um. ibid. & 1463 Vacix dc Halimoauthorum femenuar. 725 HalipM 68 o.SaxatilisLobelii, • 677 Tcrreftrit montana,6 7 7. Minor,6 7 6.VuIgaris,. ibid Trifolia & Quinqucfolia AmCTicana^jj.Vuicea* 173 HcderaltsRuellio, 1. Afdcpias. 3 88 He'derula Tragi,i.Hcdcra cum ad hue humi repit. 680 t Aquatica & paluftris, 1217. Saxatilis Lobelii, i. Hedera faxatilis. Hcdypnoisji.Cicboreum Iuteum,77 Fuchfiip.DcnsLconit. 781 Ciulii, i. DensLeonisminimuJifiveCichoTiufykcftrepufillinus Plinii. Hcdyfarum majus. & minujjioSS.CIypeatum Lobelii,opere priore. Argcnteum,io88.Glycyrrhiratum Geraidi,i.Glanx, V u| garisleguminofa, 1099. Minimum. 1091 Pfrcg rinum 088.Minimum Lugdunenfi* Bauhino.1097 ScorpiururnCamerarij^ioji.TripbyllumAmericanum. 10 jo Helbane Arabum.i.Cardamonum minus. Hcleqium Gve Enula Campana, *74. Alterum DiofcoridisT He- Iiantbcmum. 655 jBpptium,6 5 7 .Coraagenium Diofcoiidii. 158; Oaorum Theophrafti, 14,67 i.Vulgare. Salmanticcnfe CluGo,i.Baccharis. 11 y Hclianthe Plinii,!. Helianthemum velFlos folis minor quorunda. Heli'anthemu(naneuftifoIium,6yy. Florealbo. ibid Sabandicum,6y6.VuIgare. ibid GefnerOji Hyflopoidts five Gratia Dei Germanorum, 657 Cordo,i.Gonfolida aurcajibid.LobcliOji.Ccncaurium luccpm.ibid CluGo,i.Ciflus bumilis. ibid Lonicero.i.HNlTopusmontana. 6y 5 Tragi,i.Hyflopus campcftris. ibid HelicKyfum & Heliochryfum. 7*,^9j Hclichyfum Italicum Matchioli. 69 y Tragi, i.Linariaaurca Tragi. 689 Heliotrcpium majus & minus,43 8. Supinum,' ibid C^falpini,i.Ricinus,i 83.Minusaltcrum.439, Tricoccuro.ibid Erefttun Gcfneri,i.Myofotis Scorpioides. HelIeboraflermaximus,2X3. Minor. xix Fohjsaculeatis. 213 Hcllcborus albus, 216. Albus pra-cox five floribus atrocubentibus. ibid. Candidus, 218. Niger fcrulaceus. 2*4 Niger Saniculxfolio major et minor,ibid. Theophrafti,ibid. 100 Niger veru#& florerubro. a 11 Hcllcborinc vide Elleborinc. HcIxincDiofcoridis,i.ConvolvuIus minor Atriplicis folio qua? 6c Oflampelos,i7j. Altera, i.Parictaria,ibid.&437.Ciffam- pelos Cordid. Volubilij minor. 165 Scans Guilandino,i.Convolvulus fpicx foliis. j 7 3 Plinii,i. Ixinc Thcophrafti. g 7l Sylveftris Thalij,iCirc*a Lutetiana; 3 yt Hcnfcxtj cjuercus,i.Robiu-gallasfcreis. 1387 Hemeroca.U*,i.Liliumquoddam # opere prlore. Hemioniriimajvs.io^, Altera feu aiaw, iiid Altera qribofdam,;. Lunaria minor Tel major. Peregrins Cluiii,r o 4 8. Ilucufia, 1 Hcmionum.i.phyllitis. Hernopbjrllum.i.Vnifofiunr Henricuamalut.i.Bentaria Matbioli. Henricui bonus, i.Mercurialis Anglica. KepahcaiqMtica. ni 7 . Aura,Trifolia. /\lba Cordi,i.©ramen Parnafli, Nobilis,i,Trifol/a. Paluftriiji. Saxifraga auroc. stcllata T abcrmomaniii, Afpcrula odorata. Petrxa & Terreftris. Quarts BrunfcJfi^i.Afperuh; E abermontaniji.Luchen. uJM i0,i - Rl r i,nc, ' lu ’ Hepatic* faci*; Hepatorium vide Eupatorium. HeptaphylIum,j.Tormentilla. Hcracamha T ,b er m0 ni 3ni , Atraa ^| HnaclcaPlmn.i.Lithofpermum. Jragy.VreicaHcraclea. “ AIM l m G 'i| e ^ i ; ibl ‘" rh, ' um album Vollefiufti Alba Plinii Dalecbampio.i.Panicum Sylvcftre. Aloes, 149, Amori a Catfalpini^.Tclepbium Amons.i.Hcrba Viva India. F AuTatjDo^ r,I ’ 0nUn, ‘ i ' Wpmrr P Umt “' , ‘- ^ lb 'u ti c *kJpino,i Barbarea minor. vu" Romj " is > i ' D fntillariaRondel«ii. Sanfir Barbara:,i.Barbarea. * BalIeftcra,i.Ellcborus albus, B“etc C n a , r . y0Ph!,lla "- Cancri major, i.Heliotropium; Cancri Miner.].Herman,. ~“ CI ^“‘■M'tiSai.EurCa pafloria. Calla,a Pionia,s 584. Catraria.i. Nepera. j 9 M f“» Cifti 757 419 851 74 * 540 *07 54 ® 40X 418 if 5°7 ibid JO 46 aj«J I368 4 J 7 X36S *3 IS s*s 344 9 * 4 i *3 i '•9 «*sy l#iy 54® 82a 8 y 5 Sxo 1x4 676 4 JS» 44 « 867 if VIWMVU UT _ SanftiChriftophQri.i.CluiftophoTiana.' Cl*vclIata,i.Vlola tricolor. He ^ Otr °P iumrr ‘ C0cCutn * Colta Camcrarii,i. Hictacium latifolium ptimutn Clufii, Cofta CatfaIpim,i,pfcudocoftus MatthioU. Coxcndicum. Dorea vulgaris & American* Febrium& Febrifuqa. Fortis,i.Solidago Sarafenica. Fullonum Brunfclfii,i.Gentiana crucilta. Gallies Fracaftorii,i.Galega. Oatt3ria five Cattaria,i. Nepeta. - Gera r di,i.P°dagra r ia 1 943.Sanft* GuiteriafJ.Ckondrilii. SandilacobijUacobaea. Impia,i.Gnaphalium J 677.Indica adrupturaiutili*. t6fS Ioannis infantis, i6xx.Indies ad reoum merboi. 1^14 Iudica vitam aut mortem in moribii pronuntiaimf. 1616. Alia» Iudaica,i. Sideritis prima. 44C luli* Anguilara/Agcraeum. Sanfti Kunigundiji.Eupatorium Cannabinufa; Laurtntina,i,Bugula. Lup*j*. Orobanche.. Lutea>i. Lutcola Sand® Maria*,i Coftushortorum major. Margarita,i.Bellis minor. Maluccana. i6 z o. Mimolk Mural isd.Parietaria. Orpilofive Opilocorto CrctenGuro, i. Gcrii Monfpeliaci, Herba ParalyGs. Paris tripliylla BraGliana & vulgaris. P?ri* Canadcnfis rotunda radice. Papagahji. Amaranthu* tricolor. Pediculftru.j. Hdkboraftcr & Staphii agri3. Perforata,!. Hypericum. Pudic3,i.Viva. Radioli Apulci LobcIi#,LPolypodium|i(>40. Indica ad rupturas. j 61^ Regina, i. Tabacco, Rena Carfalpini,!. Imptratoria. Ad renum morbos unit*. Sacra Agrippae Dalechampici.MeliflaFuchGi. Sacra Anguilar*,i.Verbena vulgaris. Salutarisji.Rhamni fpecies. Saoguinem illico fiftent. Sandi IoanniSji.Sclarea* Satdoa Dodoniiji.PuIfatilla, Sardoa GuilandinOji.RanunculKpaluBtisi Swfitiva, i. viva. Scythica,i.Giycyrrbiza* Siciliana,i.Androfem nm (Qa^ui* ^iawnis, i, Als« yulgaris 4 788 8 o 597 * 3^4 6ox to t &\7 171 117 39 ° ibid 94* 1614 1 611 Hi 7 .1099 177 306 itclja Index Latinut. Stella.i.Coronopus five cornucervinum. 5 03 Stellaria } i. After Attieus,ij3. Stellaji.Afperula. Di. Stcpl)ani.Tabcimontano,i.Cyrca:3vulgarit. 3 5 1 Studioforum,i.Be!ividero vel Linaria fccparia. Tcrrx crepolx fimilisCxfalpini. 784 Tcrribilis Narbonenfium, 198 .Tora a i .Orobanche. 13^3 Trientalis Cordi.i.Pyrola AlGnes florc. 5 1 0 Trinitatis Fuchfij Brunfclfij & Tragiji.VielatricoIos. 75 6 Trinitatis Gefneri,i.Hcpatica* Tunica, i.Caryophyllus. Turca Lobelii,i.Hei niaria. 44 8 Turc.i montana Csfalpini.i.Paronychia Hifpanica. Vcnti Tragi,i.Pulfatilla Sc Anemone. Venn Monfpelienfium Rondelatio. 4 5 Vicamsut mortem in morbis praenuntians. 441,1616 Viva,i6i7.Vngarica»i. A Ice a vulgaris. 306 Vn°arica Loniccrii. Alcca vefcicaria. Vulncraiia Tragi}i.Bupleurum,579 Aliaji.SolidagoSarafenica. H.ctbx folia fangume milico fiftens. 1612 Fierbena ,i. Verbena. 676. Hcrculana eadem. ibid Hermion. Fiermoda&ylus officinarutn,! 587 Gcfneri,i.Dcus Caninus. Tragi quorundam,i. Cyclaminus xftivus Clufij, Matthioli rerus& aliorum,i. Iris tuberofa florcmgro. 158 V ulgi ,i,Colchicum at omnes faliuntur. Hcrniariamajor&minors 6. Frucicola & At'ricana. 447 Herpacantha,i Acanthus fativus. 993 Hefpcris feu Viola Matronalis florc albopleno,&purpurante. 6 27 Pannonica inodura,628. 1682. Rubroflore.i. obfoleto Mclan- cholico. Sylveftris folio finuato, i.Melanco>ica,S)Iv. anguftifoliofir !a- tifolia. Jbid Florc parvodbid Syriaca Camcrarii. ibid Hcttich Amcricai)uniji6i4. Hibcris Fuchfio & Iberi£ Thalo, i, Cardamine, S16. Galeno Sc Diofcoridc, t. Lcpidium Hebifcujji. Altlixa vulgaris minus, 8 J3 Xikrabotanc mas Dodcnxo,i.Verbena. Lugdunenfis.i.Cbamxdrys fslvcftris. Fatmina Brunfclfij,i.Eryfimum vulgare, 8 3 5. Alijs Chamxdrys major vulgaris, Hicranzuni Cretenlium. 1103 Hicratium quibufdam.i.Intubus/ylvcflris. 774 Alpinum pumilum lanuginofum. 7 99 Alpinnm pumilum Cbondrillae folio. 796 Alpinuni non laciniatum,797. Alpinum Anguftifolium. ibid Alpinum larifoliummagnotlore. 7 99 Altcrum grandius. 80 z Aphacoides,i.Hedupnoidcs.Apulum fl. fuaverubente Colum.79 5 Afperum foliis & floribus.Dentis Leonisbuibcjfi. 7 8 9 Bricanicum Clufij Conyzx folijs. 80© Calthx femine 79(J.Calice barbato,i. Falcatum Barbatum 795 Capillaccofolio Bauhini. 4*0 Cbondt ill® foliis glaboum,79 j. Crcticum. 788 Dcntis Lconis folio afpcrum,789. Deniis Lconis bulbofum. 791 DentisLconis foliofloribus parvis. 790 Dcntis Lconis folio obtufo florc magno. 790 Echioidcs Lutcum Lobtlij. 800 Echipidescipitulis Cardui bcnco'ifii Bauhini. ibid Facie Hcdepnoidis 795:. Falcatam Jyrfutum. i. Falcatum baiba- tum,79y.FaIcaiumftellatum. ibid Fxtidum,7 8 1 .Folio Hcdepnoidis'.Glufij. 800 Folijs & facie Chondrillx Lobelij. 793 Fruiicolum anguftifolium majus. 801 Fruticofum folio fubrotundo. ibid Fruticofum latifolium hirfucum. ibid Fruticofum latifolium glabrura. 801 Fruticofum minu»,8o2.Germanicum fratris Gregor ij. 800 Hedypnoidisfacie,79y. Hirfutura fere umbellatunl. 789 Humile five minimum Clufij,799.Hyoferisdidunn 792 Uypochixrisdi&um, 791 Indicum Cornu o.i.Pilofclla Indica odorata. 6 69 In.ubaccutn florc luteo. 794 Intubaceum flore magno albo medioluteo. ibid Intubaceum florc carneo. ibid Intubaceum ramofum & non ramofum.79Z.La fle minus., 796 Montanum Rapifolium. 797 Montanum tomentofum fivelanofum. »6 8j Muiorumaneultifolium. 802 Narbonenfc falcatum filiquofum. 796 Parvum Crtticum ; 792.Parvum Cordi. Dcus teonis vulgaris. Pratcnfc non lacimatum.majus & minus. 801 Pumilum Alpinum prxmorfaradicc. 790 Profundc laciniatum pubefeens. 800 Pumilum Alpinum Cliondrillas folio, 7 96. Ramofum magno ■ flore. 797 Sabaudicum latifolium & anguftifoliam 80 x Sonchi folio&SoncIiircs,i. fruticofum. 8oj Tomentofum, 1683.Tomentofum Hifpanicum, 790 Tragopogonis folio, , 797 HigucroOvicdi & Clufij. z 3 5 fiteranzuni Cretenfium. 1103,Hill,i.Cardamoraum. \ 577 Hippia LobeJiiji.Alfinc. Hippion,i.Vjola equina Gefnero^fit Cordo,& Gentia nella Alpina major vezna. Hippogloffum five Riflingua. 70 z Lugduncnfis.i.Polygonatum latifolium ramofum Clufij. 699 Valcntinum Clufij,i.Herba tcrribili*. 199 Hippolapathum,i Paricntia. 157 Rotundifolium Africum, 1226 Rciundifolium vulgare. i. Pfeudorhabarbanira. 1^4 Maximum rotundifolium cxoticum fire RliapootieumTbracium Alpino fcd verius Rhabarbarum genvinutn. ibid Hippomelis Palladij. g42 , Hippommes. 197. Hippophacs. ibid Hippephaus Dicfcoridis Columux, i. Rhamni,i. Sccunda fpecies Clufio, 197 Hippophco*,ibid. Anguilarx^i.Rhamnus folutivus. Authoris opinione,i.Tithymalus marinus lpmofuw ibid Lobclii,i Rhamnus p, imus Diofcoridis. QuorundamLugdunenfis. ibid Hippophxftu vel Hippop ues Columns.i.Carduus Solftitali*.990 Hippophstftum,i97. Hippophacs Plmii. ibid Hippophyon Gaza,i.Lpppago. ibid. Hippomatathrum Crcticum. 884 bph&'rocephalum, ibid.Flore purpureo. 885 1 abermontani,i. Sdelipretcnfe Monfpelicnfiumo 998 Hippofclir,um,i Smirnium vulgare. 929 Diofcoridis & Theophrafti diverfx plantx. 95 1 . Lugdunenlis.i.Levifticum vulgare. 957 Hippuris,i 203. Fontalis Lobelij. ibid SaxeaClufiojijoi, Minor Tragi. xzoj Hircifpina.i.lragacantha. 097 Hirculus veterum Clufii, 118. Frrficuf. 6 y6 Hirumdinaria major, i.Afcepias. 488 Minor.i.Chclidoniufnmajus & minus* ibid.618 Minor Taberm,onrani,i.Nummilaria. y j t Hifginum,i Chermes. x Hiucca & Hiurca,i.Iucca vera. 1624 Holcus Plinii, \ 147. Holoconctis Hippocratis,i. T rafi dakis. Hodeg A-gyptiorumji.CypcrusrotundusS riacus. 147 Hololuichi.i.ScammoncarotundifoIja Vireimana. 164 Hololcjisnos. 119% Holoftecum & Holoftiu alterum Lobelij & Tabermonrani,i. Fiijjc Sixaiilis Tragi. , 04 y Majus & minus anguflifolium.i Serpcntaria major & minor. 5oo. Matthiuliji.Grarocn bufonis. XI90 Car;,ophylleum,t 3 3y.Creticum. 500 Loniccn.i.Canda muris.ibid.Majys & minus anguftifoliuHntea. Parvum Monfpelienfium. ‘ ^ QO Ruellii.i.GramcnLcucantheraum. ^.5 Salmiticcnfc majus & minus. Q^orundam Camcrarij,5ot.Lngdunenfi«. ibid Variaauchorura. * j 00 , Holoftio affinis Bauhino,i. Cauda moris. £ Hordeolum caufticumMqnardi. 161$ Hofdcum Cantharinum Columellx. 113a Difticum,ij29.Difticlium minuSjtbid.Hexafticum. xi Polyfticum I ybernum. jbij. Hordeum Ga!acicum,i 1 jo.Munduna fire Nudum. ir 2 j Murinum fir? Spurium. 2 Sp®ntancumidem,ibid.Vernum, 113a Horminum anguftifolium laciniatum. 57 Domefticum, y 9-Genuinumfativum Diofcoridiio 5^ Gcrmaaicum h«oulcjbid.Italkuirs a 56 LuteutP! >7 °9 Index Latinm, 1710 Luteum five Colus lovis. 57 Minus (upinum Crericum Clufii. ibid SativumDiofcoridis,sS Syliccftre Diofcoridis Dod i.Sclarea. 59 Sylvcftre Italicum,5$. Sylvcflre vulgare. 59,1680 Sylveftre incanum flore albo,59. Syl.Lavcndul* florc. 5^ Sylveftre SalvifoIium,ibid.Syl. Tridentinum. 59 Syriacum. 5 5 Hortus Veneris,i.Vmbclicus Veneris. 74 * Humirubus,fo 1;. Hvacinthus poecarum. 1 58 Hydnophyllum Pamphyli,i.Ciftus annum, 662 Hydrolapbatum minus. \yi6 Hydria fpina,i.Gichoreumfpinofum Creticum. Hydropiper Ruell i j,i.Can n.ibis aquatics. 597 Vulgare,i. Perficara acris. 8 5 8 Lanceolatum Lugdunenfis,i.Rammculus gramiflcus: Rubcum Fuchfii.i.Dracunculusaquaticus, i *44 Hyofcyamus aIbus,3 6 3.AUgyptius,ibid.CreticuS. ibid Dubius & LuteujTabacco Anghcum. 364,71 2 Flavusforte. 364.Niger. ibid Rubello flore,ibid. Peregrinum Dalcch, i. Mala Infana Europea. 354' Syriacus. 3° 3 Hyofciris & Hyofiris Plinii,i. Iacca nigra. 47 1 HyoferiSji. Hieratium minimum Clufii. 79 1 Bypceoum Clufii, 3 7 i.Alcerum. ibid Lugdunenfisji. Tlali&rum minus. *6 5 Matthioli& GcfnerLi.Alcea veficaria* 371 Tragi,i. Argcmone minor five Papavc-r Rhxas minus. ibid Hypericum frutefcens Americanum flore albo. 57 3 Nummularix folio,ibid.Supinum tomentofum. ibid Minus ereftum & fpinum. 57 * Pulchrum Tragi, idem. Tomentofum majtis hifpanicum. 57 3 Syriacum Lobelii,ibid.Vulgare. 571 Ad quinquc varias herbas refertut. 575 Hyphear Tlieophrafti.i.Vifci genns. 1396 Hypochxris five Porcellia,i.Hieratium afpcrum. 79 1 Lugduncnfis/i.Cichorium Sylvcftre. 776 Hypccifti<,667. Hypogcfon,i.Scdum majus. 7 3 * Hypecoum. 571 HyfibpifoliaBiuhino, i. Hyfiopoidcs Camcrarii five Gratiola mi¬ nor. zxi H)fTopoideseadem,ibid.Gefncro.i. Helianthemum. 657 Hjffopus agreftjsBrunfelfii. 6. Anguftifoliafpicata. 3 Arabum flore albo & rubro. 2 CarapeftrisTragi,i. Helianthemum.. 657 Coronata five Comofa Clufii. 2 Diofcoridis Anguil.ua,i.Linaria aurea Tragi. 689 Polys aurcis,i.SurOilisdenfis,ibid. Cineriis. ibid Foliis crcnatis, 2.. Foliis nivci r .,i,FolHsciifpi«. a Foliis origare. 3 Latifolia,ibid Minor Hifpanica,ibid. Grarcorum Alpino. 1673 Montana,3.Mofchara vcl dc Cilifla. 2 Montana Sylveftris Lonjcero,i. Helianthemum. Foliis verficolo- ribus opere priore. ynlgsris. ibid Hyffopus Hebraeorum quibufdam Bauhino,i.Rofmarinus. VulgarisColumna,i. Polium montanum. 3 Nemorenfis quibufdam,i. Camphorata major Monfp. 569 Ncmorum Lugdunenfij,i. Melampyrum Bauhino. Grarcorum Vmbellifcra Guilandino,i. Linariaaurea Tragi.689 Lobelio,i.Majorana latifolia hortenfii. 3,71 Molinari, fc.i.Lugdunenfi!«,i.H)ffopu«,foliis origani. 71 AliisGratiola vulgaris,3.Hyvourahe,i.Guajacumfpurium. 165 1 jAaca vel Iacca & Tiqua. 1633 *facea,i.Viola tricolor,469 75 6 . 1 acea alba Monfpelicnfium Lobelio,i Ocimoidcs five Ocimaftrum. 4 6 9 Aculeara five tuberofa Tabermontani. $6o AlbapumilaNarbonenfis.' 471 Auftriaca anguftifolia flore albo. 4 69 Auftriaca latifoliavillofo capite. ibid Auftriaca monrana major & minor.' ibid Babylonica,474 Bxrica,4§ f.Cretici. 470 Florc albo 473. Fruticans Pmifolio, 479 Flore albo capire Iongis aculeis fpinofo. 47 3 Humilis Hieratij folio,47 1. Laciniata alba. ibid Iacana pufillaLobelii & altera. 481 Integrifolia,469 LaciniataSonchifoliis. 473 Luteacapitulis fpinofis,47i.Lutea fpinofa Apula. ibid MirinaBaetica.473. MontanaacanophoraLudg. 471 Monrana candidiffima^o. Montana minima lutea. 471 Montana incana Uciniata capitulis bifpidis; 473 Montana Narbonenfii,47o. Montana purpurea echinatocapite. 47 1 Mufcata Tabermontani,l.Montana Narbonenfis, 471 Nigra anguftifolia,468. Nigra humilis. ibid Nigra GefncrOji.Ccnraurium msjuspratorum. 469 Quibufdam,i.Scxbe NigraLichofpcrmi foliis. 469 Nigra rrago,i.Scabiofar genus quattum. 469 Pumila Narboncnfis, 47 i.Purpure a Valentina Clufii. 474 Purpurcalupina capitulis fpinofis,47i. Squamata Clufii^^, 47 2 Tomentofacapitulo fpinofo, 473. Tubtrofa Tabermonuni & Gcrardi, i. Carduus pratenfi, Afphodcli radicibus. 5,60 lacobxa Camerano,i.Conyzx Alpinx gcnui. 670 IacobxaangultifoliaPannonica non Uciniata. 670 Latifolia Pannonica prima & altera. 66S Rotundifolia incana. $ 7Q Vulgaris major & minor. Manna five Cineraria V ulgarii,S 7 o. Quibufdam AnhemiCama- M . ri, 'y , .bid Manna alte.a live major. ;t>nj Maritima five Cineraria latifolia. ibid Iacobxa Senecio Lobelij,i.Iacobxavulgaris. 67% Iagralndis. , Iajagua, idem cum Iajama, 1626 Ialapet Iulapum. 180 Iaifol Indis,i.Macis,i6ot. lambolomej, 1636. Iambos. 1637 Iangomas,i638. lanthinuscolor. i, Violaceus aut purpureas 460 lapatri Indis,i. Nux mofehafa. 1601 lafme Plinii Clufio,i.Convolvulus Althxx foliis. 173 Montana Lugdunenfis,i Sedum minimum decimum Clufii. Uiminum vide Gclfeminum. Cxrulcum MautitinoiumCxfaJpino. , 1 . J, TilacMstthioIi,i468. At verius Lilac Pcrficum ibid Ibcns Cardamantice, 853. fiatiore folio. ibid Galcnii i. Lepidium. Fruticofa,8 5 6 . Naftatyfol io. gjj Tabermontani,i.Thlafpi mcanum Medinienfe. 848 Iberis & Lepidium Vva eademque planta. ibid Ibifcus five Hibifcus,i.Alchxa. M* a ^ era * US,r 4 * 9 ’ ^ cus >* FrangulaLudg. Idxa radix, 59 .Quibufdam Polygonatum quartu Clufii.690.70t Column* i.Hippoglofluna. 70l Iecoraria, i-Hcpitica. 1 ’ 1 S’ Igname,i382. Ilatrum Cxfilpini,i. Phillyrca. 1444 Hex aculeata,& non acuicaca, j Aquifolia i. Coccigtra.ibid.Fxmini. ftid Illecebmnfi p ida,7j4. Major. Minor fi vt tenia Dtofcoridis. ib,di Illynca l,erba. Impaticns,i. Mercuralis fylv, 297 Impaticm Alpina Nafturtii folio. lz l t Imperatoria Alpina & vulgaris. Nigra Tabermontani,i. a ftrantia nigra. 2 is Impia Plinii,i. Gnaphahum. Inccnfan^Camerarioji. Abrotanum fxmina magnum Camphorata; Indico vel Indicum. 1 70,60 J Inga & Ingara Indorum,i. Afadulcis fiveodorata. 93 8 >* 5^9 Inguina & Inguinal,s,i. After Atncus. ^ Inguinaria Plmii,i,Argemone. , 70 Inhame, 1382. InuKi. Fnula campana. Inula ruftica,i.Symphitum majus. < 24 Intibas Intabus & lncubum anguftifolium. 774 Major &fativus,ibid. Hortenfis alter. ibid Sylveftris Tragi,i.Sonchujafper & Ixvis. 804,806* Inturis Gaza,i.Capparis. 1024 Iondraba Alyliioides Columna i.Thlafpi afpcrum. lonthlafpi Column* flore Jutco. S44 Iovis barbafrutex.1454, lovis barba herba, i. Semper vivum ma¬ jus vulgare. lovis flo, five Dios anthos,i.Lychnis Coronaria fitiva. lovis Gians,i Iuglans. lovis glandcs ctiam Caftancasdicuntur, , 40 i Iphium Theophrafti,i.Lavendula. 7 . Irio,i.Er .Gmum ) 833. Levis Apulus Erucxfoliis. 895 Irion Fuchfit& Turnen,i. Rapiftrum arvorum. 864 lringuj& Iringwn,i.Eryngiuni. ^gg Irisagria,i. Xyrisfive Sparula fxtida. a ,g BiHora Luficanica,2 56. Major anguflifolia Sc latifolia. Z re Bulbofa latifolia prima Clufii. Bulbefa major Anglicajibid Paluflris lutea. , 2l a Tuberofa. 2 g Ifatis fativa St fylveftris vide Glaflum. Sylveftris Vaccaria diAa. Ifcbasfive Apiostuberofus,X94. Alrer. ibid fo'6 Ifchxmon,i 178. Ifguro,i. Kali cochleatum. Ifophyjlnm Cordi,i.bup!eurum Anguftifolium. 570 Ifopyrum Column*, 1. Aquilegia. j , 7 g Diofcoridis Lobelio,i.PiIumcordatum. 1 Fiftitium,! z 13 .Matthioli,i.Melanthaum fiditium. ibid. Dodonxi,!. 1 rifolium pa!uftte,ibid.Cxfalpino.i. Eryil/a. Quibufdam Lugdunenfii,i.Tanacaum AJpinum, 82 ffosThcophrafti quibufdat^,.. Ribes vulgaris. 1562 Iv» Index Latinut. Jva asofchata. 107,18 * Iva atthretica. 281 lucent 53, Iuccaex qua Cazavi. luglahs bifcra,i4i4. Caballina. * 4*3 foliofctraio,ibid. Fruftuferotino. * 4*4 Putaminc fragili,i4ij. Virginenfis alba & nigra. * 4*4 Vulgaris. : * 4 1 ? Iujuba,zfo. Sylvcftris, 151,151 I uncam Safmanticenfis.. 453 lunccllus, Bauhini & Lobclii. 1191* I uncus avellana 3 i Cypcrus cfculcntuJ. * 4 & I uncus odorauii five-quam mac hum. *44 iuncus acutus Cambrobritanmcus. 1191 ■Acinus minor,ibid. Acucui vulgaris. ibid Acurus maritimus alter. * 1 J 4 Acumine reflexo & alter. **95 Acuminc reflexo trifidus, ibid. Alpinus bombycinus. 117 a Aquaticuscapituln EquifctiSc alter. n$ 6 Aquaticuslxvii maximus. 1191 Aquaticuslrvis,ibid. Afper,i.AcUtus. ibid Angu!ofus,i Cypcruslpnaus. t. 147 Aquaticuscapitulis Equifcti fluitans. 1 195 Capirulolanuginafo. : 'r 1*71 Clavofus Dalcchampii,. 1196 Coriandri fcminc rotundo. . 1 1194 Cyperoi Jea tioridut paludofiis Lobclii. 1196 Exiguustnontanustnucronecatcns. 119a fioridus major & minorjii 96. HifpanicusCaracrarii. 1197 Indicm porofusClufii. 16x9 GrandiiHoIofchznos Gefneri. ii9» jHolofchxnos major Lugduncnfis. ibid LaiusLugdunc»fis,ii7 3. Lxviiglomcrato flore. 1191 Lxvismaiimm., ibid Lxvispannicolafparfamajor k minor. ibid Lams vulgaris,ibid.\ Lychnantbcmos Thalii. 1195 MarinusgrannnCus Lobclii. 1169 Maritimus capitubs §prghi„ 1191 Maritimus A nglicutjibid. Maritimus caule triangulo. 2194 Maritimus Narboncnfis. ibid JMedius five Scii pus mcdius. Mclancranis Theopbrafti. J i9$ .Odoratus aquatilisDodon^i. 1x33 "Paluftris major Tragi,H9 2.Pctrofu* ^nguiIara,i.Corallina fru- x ticofa*alba. “Quadratusji.Cypcrus lohgus cdoratui. Rotundus odoratus, Sylvaticus Tabcrmontim. • Triangularis,i.Cypcrus longus. luniperus acuta & major MonlpclienfiumLobelii. Aipina,ioa8. MaximaIllyrica. Alineralis.ibid, Ftu&uflavo,io3 1. Germaoicus. Minor, 1018. Americana. StcriIi», 10x3. PcregriHaCordi. Vulgaris. Iufquiamus^.Hyorcyimus. IxiaTheophrafti, 1394.biofcoridii,i.Chama?leo alfius. ! Jxine Thiophrafti vera>97®.Anguilara & aliis Carlina acaulis.971 Ixocaulon TIialii'ji.Hcfpcris quotundam. Album,i Lychqisfyiveflris al^a. Ixopus cordi|i.Ch 6 n< 3 rilla «l«ra Lobclii forte. >47 *45 *47 IQJX 29X9 3 *4 *°*9 lOjX I018 K. K Ak ;’ c Serapionis. K.»Ii iRgyptiacum,x79. Album. Arabumprimum gchua Kativvolfii. Floridum repens Ncapolitanutn. Gcniculatum rubrum 8c album,l Salicorniao Wajuscochlcarum,279. Minusalbum. Spinofum. Karat pondus antiquum. Keiriji.LeHcoium lureum. Kci mc» vide Chcrmes. Kirran Alkitran StKotran Ar*bum,i.Pix liq'uida Cedri. Knawel Germanorum. Kifc& KikaionIonar,i.Ricinus. Kifinifen Bellonio,i. Acacalia, . x 3 6; flt Rauwolfii tfauhino,i. qux fyivefiri fimilis. Sxx .ibid Bl8j 2x8 4 208 ib;d * 1?4 n? 6 15 *535 446 *83 Slli— I677 z. TAblab Alpini,i057.Labrum Y«aeris,i.Dipfacux. 98 5 *^Labrufca, 1557. Laburnum maju' & minua. 245 Lacara Theophrafti,velLacatha,i.Ma lcb. Aliis Phillyrea. 144^ Lacca gummijt 588., Quibufdam Clnciraumybid.A 1 iis,xli a. ibid Lachryma ChriftjJobijIodoci, Ioppi 8c Moifii,i.Lithofpermum arundinarcum 17H arundinaccuin,4jo, Vic'is. c Pinipinichi. La io6A. Sylveftris lignofior. 1061 Sativus flore albo, 1064. Sub terra filiquitera. x°74 Sylveftris flore 1 uteo. 1061 Lflvaarum veneris. 98 3 Lxvandou,i.Galanga minor. *585 Lavanda Lavandula & Lavendula mulrifido folio, 7 1 Major Sf minor vulgaris. ibid Minor flore albo. ibid Lavcodula & Rofmaririum ad Cncorura album & nigrum referun- . jtur Anguilara. Laver five Sium aquaticum 3 i. Paftinaca aquatica. 1141 Dodonjeo,i.NalUirciumaquaticurn. ibid I4urentina,i.Bugu!a, yzj Iiaureol3 3 2oy. Cretica. ibid Lamina LugduneRfisjf. Chamxlxa Germanic*. 104 : Macthiolo,i.'CI'.am;edaphne. 205 Taurus latifolia major & minor. 1 • 1488 • Americana,ibid. Alexandrinavera. 7oi .Alexandrina Mattbioli,i. Polygonacum, 4. Clufii. 699 Genuina. 701 Alexandrma olreralvlatthioli^, ChamJedapfcne tetlDiofcoridis cs authorismente. 701 Flfaxinca Monardi. 701 Grxca Plimi Gefnero,i.Afadarach five Ziaiphttf albs. 1443 Idxa Diofcoridis,i. Alexandrina, 70 1 Pufi.la Lobelii,i.Mefereon. 204 B*gi3,i.Laurocerafus,i S20. Rofca,i.Oleandcr. 1469 Sylveftris five Tint*,206. Taxa PJinii Dalechampio,i.Hippo- gloflum. 702 Sylveftris Creticum. 1677 Tsttus Lufitanicus,2o6. Alcet,x.& 3. Clufii. ibid Lawiocerafusjiyib. LazigiriCretcnfium,j. Lycium Creticum ai- -■ «*“*». xoi2 Ledum Alpinum,77, ARguftifoliumj^fij.gohcoiicum, 75 Latifobum Creticum,666.0Icar foliis. 664 Populnea fronde major & minor. 663 i^ofinarinifolio J 664. Sdcfiacum. ; Tbymifolio hirfutum. 666 Lcgumcn leonium Ruclliiji.Orobanehe. -Non ii Brandons j. lo6p Leimodoron & Liraodoron. Leitnonia Theophrafti. $*7,960,1146 Lemma Theophrafti Lugdunenfis. 1 z 6 $ Lcnsvel Lenticula aquatica bifolia N T eapolitanaColumnar,i.CaIli- rrichePlinii.1262, 126$. Aquatica forte trifijcaBauhiniji. Hederulaaquatic'i * 1217 Palaftris pun&ata latifolia. 1262 •Paluftrii quadrifo!ia,ibid. Vulgaris five Leaticula aquatica.ibid Marina. 1281 Lens major 8c minor & maculaca* j 06 7 Major repens Tabermontani,i.Medicaflavo flore Clufii. 1116 Virgincnfis. 10 88 Lentago 8 c Lentagine.i.L.mrus Tinus. Lenrihulnria Gcfneri,i.Millefolium aquaticum galcriculatum. Ltntictila marina. Il % l Lcnrifcus vulgaris, x 524. peruana,ibid. Chi fimtfisMoIIe. ibid Leo herbj & Lconina herba five Lconiobotanos,i. Orobancbc. Leo carduusferox,967. Leoninmn folium,i.Leontopetaion. Leontopetalon,6S 2 AlterumAnguilara fc Cxfalp»o,i, Fumaria bulbofa five Radix Cava. 68? Leoncopodium Creticum Clufii, , 0 q / Altcnun vulgare Matthioii, " Majus& minus,684. Brunfelfiid.Alchymilla. Loniceri, i. Myofotis Scorpioides. Varia Leontopodia. 887 Lepidiura Agineti,8 $3. Annuum.. 856 Diolcoridis & Galem.i. lberis. 8 yj Foliis laurinis Plimi. Hortenfe & Campeftre Anguilara. 854 Magnum Fuchfii,856. Minus Cordi,i.Cardamine rulg. Monipelienfium, i DentillariaRondeletii. 8 yAbides clypcamm majus Bauhino,i.Alyflbm Diofc. 591 Minus eodem,ibid. Creticum luteum qtriculaxo femine. 616 DiofcoridisHermolaiji.Cyanus major. 48 j Foliis oblongiscrcnatis. 6 2} Marinum quibufdam Lugdunenfi^.Hefperis. 624 Luteum Erucxfolio,625, Marinum latifoliutn.' 6\x Marinum PatavinunijSj^. Majus & maximum. 6zz Minus & mini mam,* 2 3, Moncanum Caelalpim.i.Lamixim luteu. Montanum lunacum Column*. 95* Montanumluteum,62y 4 Montanum florepedaro. 846,168? i citatum Romanum minus Columnar,lAlyflum alxerum Diofco- ridis minus,591. Spinolum Creticum Clufii,66, Saxatilc •Ibymifo/10,624, Sylveftre Clufii. 6 2 r Lcucoma.. 16*8 Levifticum vulgarc^36. Germanicum. 1 Libadion Plinij,!. Ccntaurium minus.' 37- Libanons ApijfolioCretica,9y2, Alters; ibid Aquilcgi* folio,ibid. Cachryfera. S8g Candida C*falpini,882. Fertilis. faj Coronaria,i.Rofmarinum vulgarc. 7488? Ferular folio Galcai five Gachrys, j E Ftraljc folio Sc fcminc five P.nax Afclepimn tobelii. ibil Ferulacca Germanics. gg ' Minor umbella Candida. Galeni 88 ?> ,68,. Minim. ; ibid. Nign.i.RofmwinamMM- Septentrionalium herbariorum Lobclii. SterriIisTabcrmontani,i. Laftuca montana florepurpurco. 8ro Theopbrafti major dc minor. r ' Libyfticum & Ligufticum verum, i.Siler monianum. 00a Fucbfii vulgare,i.Levifticum vulgare. Lichenarborumjigii. Alter minor folio calccato. i?ic Foliofus, i. terra & Lychen ad hxrensfc. arb&n bus Colam x? i, five Hepacca minor ftellaris,! 314. Vmbcllatus & Vulgaris, pilcatus 3rinUSCU ^ l>1 ’ °P untiamail0a » ,2 ^f* Marinas five Minimus Petrarus acaulis. 1 -l- t Petrarus racemoiui,ibid. Petrzus purpurcus Dcrbienfis. 1 \ !* Lignum Aloes, 1564. Sy!veftrefive AguUabrava. Aquda-M.Palod aguilla. * Aromaticum Monardi. Colubrinum Acofii,i66«.ColubimumGarzi*. lt A L;H: ac "’I w ? u3 J“ cum & Vitx fivc s,nd “lyss F*tidum,i«3j, Lapidenm,iz7fi. Molueccnfe. its. Nephriticum,ibid.Nobile,i474. Rhodium,i.Cycifus Maranthse, 1474- « Pro Lignum Aloes acceptum^i y6y. Semper vivum. Cate five Lyaum IndicUm, 1012. SauSum. LigoSji.Vncx five Agnus caflus. ’ y Ligufticum Anguilara,i.Impeiatoria,94a.Alterum Mattbioli,j j.i- oanotjs Theopbrafti major, 952. Matthioli Gefnero,* Sefeli pratenfc Monfpeiiacum, 908. Alterum Belgaruna, i. Sefcli montanum Cicutx folio glabrum. ;k:j Sylveftre Tragi,i.Cicutaria paluftris. Verum,i .Siler montanum, - oa Liguftrum nigrum quibufdam Conyolvulnipennatus America- NiSrusa Alpino,-!, lilas Pt^cuai five Iafminum Perfidy Myrtifoliont 1067,1 3 6 3 Jjo? 1154 »*35 i *34 ibid 1 z 3 5 IZ 4 974 39* 510 Myrtifoliurn Italicum. Oricntale i. Cyprus Plinii,ibid. Vulgare. Lilac Matthioli,i466. Flore laftco five argenteo. Perficum Incifis foliisfivelafminum Pcrficum. ««« Liliago five Liliafphodclus,i.Liliumnon bulbofum fivcPhalangium Allobrogicum, Lilium inter lpina»,i.Periclymenum. Lilium Convalbum minus Bauhino, i.Monop’yllum. Liliuin Convallium. opere p iore, Limas dulciSj&c.i. Limcnes. Limonera dulcis,&c. i. MalusCirria minor. Limeum Plinii Gcfnero,i.Thora. Anguilara,i Elh borusalbus. Limn«.fium Cprdi,i.Gratiola. DiofcoridiJji Centaurium minus. Limnopeuce Cordi,i. Polygonum fxmina five Equifetum. Limodoron Clufii A uftriacum,i.Orchis aburriva. Eft & H\pociftis Clufio. Dodonxo,i.Orobanche Marthioli. Monfpclienfium Clufii, i. Ofobanchc Monfpcliaca. Theopbrafli,! Aphacalcgumen. Limonia malus,&c. f heophrafti,a Gaza Fucus reddita. Limomum Africanum clatius & humile. Anglicum,ibid. Fcrulxfoliis. Lychnidis Coronarix foliis,ibidt Majus & minus Minimum,ibid. Narbonenleparrum. Pcrcgrinum Rauwolfii. , Monfpclicnfe Gefnero.i.Valeriana rubra Dodo, Thcophrafti Plinio,i.Scolymmejufdcm. Gtfncrop. Bill Orta major. Sylveftrc Tragi & alioium,i.Pyrola. Piatenfc Tragi,i.Trifoliumpaludofum. Limonio C onger Clufii cum fruftu. Limus arborum,i.Lichen arborum. Linagroftis. 1172 Linariaadplterina Tabermontani i.Anonym©* linarix foliis Clu- fti, 461, Alba five Ofyris alba. 457 Americana,ibid. Apulatriphylla. ibid Auftriaca,68p. Aurea Tragi. ibid • Botrioides Coluamx,i.Liihofpermum ( , Cxrulea repens. 461 CaryopbylUtaalbicans,4j8. Rcpcns. 460 Cretica anguftifolia. 458 H-cderulx folio Columnx,i. Cymbalarii. Hifpanica atropurpurca repens. 460 Knpaoica parva altera. ibid Hifpanica rcriiaClufii,4 58. Lurea Moravica. 461 Latifolia Crccica & Dalmatic*. 4 56 Montana alba altera,4j8. Minima ere ^ tera Oiofcortdis live afpera major & minor. 104, ^licrr Neotcricorum Clufio,i.Afperaminor. ro 4! AlferaMacaniha!,* AfperaIluenCs. ibi 4 4 'Tior UiofcoridisijuibnfdampJiistuberoCa florcniuro. i S 3 Arignotapenituj. 3 10 ' °Fima,i. t'ruetus Caftanra- vel nucer. J401 """I qpoddam tcmic. ,„ 7 Coto aftini, C jmerario.i. Loins praecnSs Bauhino. 10 Loiop.fum Pom.,. Lotus cdulia Cre.icus. , jof Ar’h r n 0r Albi.i.Ziziphus alba five Auditach A henan Si Theophrafli Ansuilara.l.Iujuba vulgaris. 25 1 Africana.i.GuajacumPasavtum. Arbor fine nudeis, 1523. Homeri. Lj Afpcnor fruricofus Lobelii. jbi( | ATperiorGranatcnfisaibid. Corniculatus frutefeens. nox tduiis Crcticujji 108. Enncaphyllos Dalechamp. iom.ooi C orniculatus incanus, i io $. Corniculatus minor'pilofus. .bid T 3 .“° l S < ! ld f ,,S m3 i° r & m,nor ' 110 C Hortorum. 716 Lybica Dalcchampii,ibid. Peculiari* filiquofuS. no 3 Iratcnfis Monfpclienfium,! 100. Pfatcnfisfiliqucfus. no? ^Hadripinnaus filiquis vclquadratusjLPifiimquadratum. no bi quofi ls Crct.cus edulis,i,oo. Sylreitris Criticus. ibid bylvcftrjsDioicor.iioj,bativus,i Tnfolium odoratum.7i6,u 0 i I cuagonolobuSji.Pifum quadratum. lb .H Lovan Aiabum,i.Thus five Olibanum. Lovanjaoi,!. Thus ex lava five Benzoin* , s LoutziaCretenfium i Lycium Crcticum. XOl , Luciola Gefncriji Ophiogloflum. - Luciola vel LuziolaCxfalp.hc r ba,i. Gramcn hirfutucapitcelobofo. Lujula vel AlkJuja,i.Trifolium acetofum. ^ 5 Lunaria arthritica Gtfncri,i. Auricula vofi florc larco. Luteum & Luteum eadem. j Quibufdam Refeda. '-i!j Cxfalpini,i.Myagrum five Melaropyrum Diofcoridis. J bid Lychnis coronaria,629. Chalcedcnicifive Byz.’.ntiua flore aibo, rubro & verficore. Byzantina flore aibo plcno,& minor, 1 bid Arvenfis minor Anglic.1,63 8. Cretica anguftiCclia. 6 3 2 Bxilisrubra 6 jS.IncamrcpcnsAbid. Marina repens alba 5 c ru¬ bra. ' 6 J S Noftiflora,6j 2. Pliimaria. Segetum five Nigcllaflrunu ©33 S IveftrisanguftifoIia,6 36. Segetum Vaccanadida. S' lveftris flore aibo & flore rubro major. Sylveftris flore aibo & rubro minor. Sylveftriscauliculisflriatisubid. Sy lveftris hirta major. Sylveftris Ianugmofa minor,63 8. Minima exiguo flore Sylveftris vifcofalarifolia^g 5. Sylv.vifcolarub.a anguftito.63 6 Lycmm /Egypcium>ioi 2,Creticum Belli,, 101 i.Crctic.alrer. >biJ Alpinum.i.Pyxacantha. 1012. Gallicum. i °°9 Hifpanicum folio trevi,ibid. Htfpanicum oblongo folio. ibid Italicum,ibid. Indicum Alpino,ioi 1. Indicum Garzix. ibid Lsuifolium Monfpdienfcjiooj. Lcgitimum Rauwolfii. 1011 QuoiundamClufii, 101 2. Vulgarius. 1009 Lycio affinis, 10I2.Lycodonon vide Aconitum.Primum Dodo.115 Lycoperficum Anguuara 1. Pomuin amoris. 354 Lycopodiumii.Mulcus Clayatus,pro SpicaCeltica offirinis Iralicis ufurpata. 1 3 °? iy :o p fis ALgyptiaca,f 18. Anglica,ibid, AnguilarXji.Ca1d1aca.43 Sylveftris Dodonei, i. Bugluflum, Vulgaris. Lycopus Fuchfii,i Cardiaca. Lycoftaplr, los fxmina Cordi. Lycotrophon. LyGmschia purpurea fpicata Tragi,i,Solidago. Sarafenicafecundaejufdcm,5 4 7. Cxruleafpicata. Cxrulea galcricuIara,i.Gratiola minor. Galcrjqulata adultcrina,i.StacU)S paluflris. Flore globofo luteo,5 44. Lutea major & minor. Plfniana,i.Purpuro cxrulea. Purpurea quibufdam Matthioli,i.Centaurium magnum Purpurea five rubra minor & minima. Purpurea fpicata. Spicita cxrulea quibufdam Veronica fxmina fpicata cxrulea. Siliquofi major & minor yule. 54 8 Siliquofa Chamxnerium Gcfneri difta & AJpina. 547 Sillquofa fylveftriihjifuca. Siliquofa Virginiana. Virgii.ignaHore carneo. M Achalcb & Mahalcb, Gcrmnnicum & Syriacum. Album Rauwolfii,i.Nux Ben. Maccrvctctum.i590. Ejusicon,i< 588 . Maris. Ma°ydaris,i. Radix Laferpitii. Magopiftana five Piftana Magoms i. Sagittaria. Magiftrantia. Maguey A. APe Americana. Majale Cordrii.Paraiyfis vcl Primula veris minor. Majorana AnglicalanfoTia, 11 .Lobelia eft Hyflopus genuina. 3 Cretica eadem cum Syriaca. Exorica,i.Marum vulgare. Lntifoiia aurea. 12 Odorata perennial 1. Perennis* *4 Sylveftris,! a. AquibufdamOriganum Anglicumvelvulgate. 14 Syriaca,ibid. Tenuifolia. Vulgaris x ftiva. ‘bid MnisvelMaiZjiij^, Makaflari. ^05 Mala Aithiopica,i Pomumamoris minus, 3 5 2 IudicaAcoftx. ‘ 1636 Malus Aureate I Aurantia. X508 Armeniaca& Prascocia,! 5ra. Affyrix. * 5 ° 8 Canina, i. Mandragoras.3 44 .Caftiana vclCaftiana Galcni.1509 Citria,iyoy. Coroneavel Cydoma. I 5°4 Infana Europxa & Syriaca. 3 5 2 Granata, 1 5 10. Limenia. I 5°7 Mcdica,i505. Perfica,iyij. Punica. «jio 518 546 211 1131 543 467 US 546 549 - ibid 546 1519 140 l6ot 958 I 246 941 Prxcocia,! 512. Peruana, i. Pomum fpmofuro, alusPomum amoris maju*. , Syr.aca. Sefti.ma Columella,i. A urea Cornario. jjqj Tcrrefttia quibofJam Mmdrogorx poma. Malabathrum, 1.Folium Induni. 1 . Mabcociflus/i.Hedera terreftris, DcmocratiSji.Helxiiie Ciftampelo*. Democrats Anguif raji-Convolvulusmajoralbus. Democr tis Gclnero, i.Bryonia nigra. Major Lugduncnfisji.Calthapaluftris, i Minor Fuch'iiji.Chclidonium minus. Mabcorium j.Cortex Granatorum. 15 11 Malinathalla Theophrafti Clafio 1. Cyperus efculentus. 1484 & Caceraslndorumqux Trafi aftimilantur. 1623 Columna, i.Trafi vel Cyperus efculcntus. MalopePlinii.i. Malvarofcahortenfts. Maltum, 1I32 Malua xftiva,299. Atborca. jbui Arborea. Marina noftras. 300 Cnfp3,298. Equina. 507 Foliovario,ibid. Hor.iria. j 0 j Hederacc3, Hifpanica flore amplo. Iaponica,vel Indies arborea. Montana,199. Romana,i.Rofea. Rofea fimplex & multiplex. 300. Sylveftris repens pumila. 1 ri.neftris,ibid. Verbcnaca. 3 OI Vngaricaji.Akxa^oo. Vulgaris. 2 ^p Maluavilcus, Althxa Vulgaris. Malorumfpeciesdiverfx, X502. Flore duplici. ibid Malo Indis, i.Nux Cocus arbor. X S 97 Malum Hefperidum.i. Anrenis vide Pomum, Malus Henricus. 13^3 Mambu,i.Arundo ingcr.s five arborea Indica. 1630 Mamey, 1633,1688. Mamoera mas & fxmina. I 649 Mamolatia vel Mirmoraria.i. Acanthus fativa. 993 Mandioca genuina Mexitana. i6ig Mandragoras mas,3 44. Alter ibid. Fxmina. ibid Gandidus & niger, i. mas & fxmina. ibid Morian Thee phraftiji.Solanumlethalc. 354 Theophrafti quibufdamii.Circxa. Mangas, 163 1. Mangas fylveflris & fine ofciculis. ibid • Man pie Indisd. Curcuma, five Crocus Indicus. 1 584 M.mihotji.MandiocafivcIuccafoliis Cannabinis. 1624 Mangoftans,i447. Manihot alrcrum 162y Manna Arabics, 159 x Armeniaca, ibid Calabria,ibid. Pcrfica. ibid Liquida,ibid. Montis Libani.ibiJ. Minna^Thutis.i 591,1603 Manobi Brafilianorum. x6j^ Margraita,’.Mufa. Maraka. 1666 _Maratriphyllum,i .Millefolium aquaticum. 1 25 g Marifcus Plinu, 1 x 9 z. MarmontisDamocratis cadem cum Aglao- photidc atiiani. Maimorella,596. Marmoraria. ^^3 Maroni,i.Caftagnex maximx. 1402. Marrubiaftrum,i,Minubiumaquaticum. 1231 Mirrubium albumcrifpum,4 5. Album villofum. 44 Aquaticum vulgare, 1 z30. Candidum. 4 6 Creticum anguftifolium inodorum. 44 . Crericum.ibid. PalurtreHirfutum, 123i.Hifpanicmn. 44 Humilc Thulis,i. Alline hcderulx folio major. Montanum Arbum T 1 alii,i.Scachys fpuria. -Montanum. Nigrum,45. Nigrum Creticum. 1230 Nigrum fxdidum.i.Ballotc. 1230 Nigrum longifoliumji Hcrbaventi Rondeletii. 45 Paluftreglabrum & hirfutum. 1 23 1 P.innomcum, 4 6. Primam Theophrafti,Anguilara,i.Cardiaca. Sylveftre Tragi,i.Pfcudoftari yS Alpina. Vuloa r e j4 4. MaroIndis i.Nux Indica five Cocus. 1597 Maru & Almaruhcrba Dodonari i.Ceriuthe major. 521 Marum aEgypiiorum Alpino,i67 4 . Creticnm. 14 Diofcoridis,ibid.Corcufi MatcbiulOji.rragoriganulatifolium. 16 Repens verticillatum* 14 Supinum Lobelii, 1 3,x 4 . Syriacura. ibid Vulgare,i2. Vulgare Clulio,i.Tragoriganum. t 4 Maftac Turcis Clufso,i.Bengi Arabum Sc forte B.inguc Indis. 363 Indorum Gar7ix,363. Bauhino.Stramonium. ibid Lobelio,i. Molucca afperior. 43 Paludano,i. Opium. Mafpetum,i. Folium vcl caulis Laferpitii. 93S Maftiche ex Lentifco,i 525- Indiana,i 5 24. Spinalis. 971,1515 Mater herbarum i. Arthcmifia,90.Honulana Apulei,i.Nymphxa, 1253. Violatum,i.Viwla elatior, 757 1 Mates Indorum,i.Bonduch Ir.dianum. 1 J 5 2 Matrefillon,i.Iacea nigra. 469 i Matricariabullato flore,83,84. Al.t^ra cx Ilua, i.Gratiodoru. 8^ Flore lncltx Latinus. £ lore plcno,ibid. FoJiis Abrocani. 8/j Alpin3jg 14. Grati odaris.83. Inodora. ibic Odorata,84 Marina,ibid. Tenuifol 13,83; Vulgaris, ibia Matricalis,i. Verbena. 676 Matrifalvia.i.Sclarea. 59 Marrifvlya multorum.i, Afperula odorata. $63 Aliis Peridymenum. 14 61 Secunda Tragi,'.Mollugo vulgatior. 565 Maurocapnos Bellonio,i.Styrax rubra. .Mauronh Lesbiis Bellonioji.Dennllaria Rondeletii. 8 y6 Mauruca ItaliSji.RUamnus primus Diofcoridi.*. xoo8 Mauz,i.Mufa. Mechir.us 8c Mechinum,i Zingiber fufeum. 312 Mcchini rara vanctas 1 Doronicum Arabum verum Pona.ibid,i 6 i 3 Wecboacan alba five Bryonia Mexicana & Peruana,175. Nigricans five Ialapium,i 80. S IvcQris. 179 Mcchonaphrodcdava in figuris. Tornata lx vis five Doliata lxvis quinta in figuris. Racemofa noftras fylvcilris. Nedium D.ofcoridis & Mindium RbaGs Rauwolfio, Vulgarc,i. Viola Mariana, opere priote. Mchcnbcchene,iy^8. Melampy 1^,0,869. Album. LanuginofunijibiJ. Purpuuum, ibie Mclamphyllosjy93.M elampodium, 1677 .Melanthium vide Nigella. Melandryum PUnii Clufio^.Ljchmstylveft. alba vel purpurea.634 Lobclio,i.Papaver fpumeum. jbid Bauhino 8c Lugdunenfiji. VImaria major. Quorundam CTufio>i. Ben album. Genuinum Clulio,i.Lychnis fylveftris flore rubro. Melanium,i. Viola nigra. Meianchier Sc Amelanricr. Mclapalanda,i. Mula. Mcl frugutn Dioclu,i.Panicum fativum. Gazx,/.Trifolium odoratum. Mdegoetta. J/t Melanzana & Melengena, i. Mala infana. Mclcnkcn Ananis fimilis. 1616 Melica,i.Sorghum,i 137; Mel aerium, & rofeidum, x 591 Cedrium mel. ibid Mclilotus Coronata flore albo^ty. /Egyptia. ibid Gcrmanica.7io. Hifpanica,7i9- Iralica. ibid Indix Orientalise 20. Singulars Alpini. 717 Syriacajyly. Vulgaris, 7*8. Vcrus Tabermontaniji, Trifolium odoratum. ‘ 71 x Meline & Melina,i.Panicum,Varrone, i. Milium. 1 13 7 Melinum CxfaIpino,i. Colus Iovis,y9. Altciumeodtm,i. Scoro donia. . . $47 * 3*7 ibid M 59 » 4 I 1 577 donia. Mcliphyllum & Miliffophyllum.i.MelifTa. Mcli(TaConftantinopolitana,43. Fu'chfu. Molucca lx vis & alpenor. Moluccana odorata & fxtida Bauhino eadem. Moldavica vel Turcica.Here albo & flore cxrulea, Syriaca eademcum Molucca. Sylveftris Tragi,i. Cardjad?. 43 Vulgaris, 40. Mclleguetafive Grana paradifi & dardamomum maximum. X j 77 MeloCarduus Americanus. i$i7 McloCorcopali, 1635.Meio, 7 70.1ndicu$ patvus^i. Vulgar. 1683 Melocaftosji. Melocarduus Americanus. 0 x f )11 Melochia & Molocbia. 0 Melopepo,770. Seminuta corum Sc aliorum diferimen & dignotio. Mclofpimis Venerisji.Datura five,Stramohium mjnuf, Mclothton Thcophrafti.i.Bryonia alba, aliis Duleaman v ' 3 y o Memccylon,i,Frudus Arbuti. Memixha Arabum Clufio,i. Glaucium Grxcprnm. AlrisyeroCc rinthe. MencheraHifpanis,i.SaIvia frutiepfa anguftifolialutca. Menianthes Diofcoridis 8c Plinii,i.Trjfaliuhi tytuminpfuni. Lugduncnfi Trifolium palvdofum. Mentha aquatica rubra, 1 243. Paluftris minor. Aquatica exigua 3 f Calamintha aqu^upi. Cattariaminor Alpina.j 8. Vide Calamintha & Hcpcta. Corymbifera,i.Colhis hprtorum. . 522 53 7^8 ibid 37 h /• Crifpafiyc Balfamita. I ® an ica,ibid. Crifpa verticillata Bauhinp, 5^ ^uc,3ca3l ^^• f c li Q 3 >i.Cattario. | Gcniculataradice. Germanica fpeciofa,31. Grxca. Mottrnfil vctwnllr.la, ; 4 . Paluftrii folio oblon?., ‘ ^Bllrisrotunditolia minor Bauhini. Rom ana ansuftilolu five Carduca. Roman a,i.Coftu* hortorum, Sarafenica cadem.ibid. Rotundifolia. 5picatoflore,34. Spicata eadem. Sarafenic* fpcc.ca Myconi I ugduncnfi.i. Piarmica vulgaris luoerola,34. Foliolongiore. Sylveftrisj. Mcucaftrum. , Mentaftrum Campenfe Sc aliud. F iftulofum Americanum. Foliolongiore,3 2. Gcniculata radice. Hir(utum,3 4 . Montanum fivePannonicum. Rotundifolium minus. Tuberofnm Clufii,3 3. Vjrginianum,i Americanum. Mercunalls fi V e Mercuiii herba mas 8c fxmina. Anglica five bonus Henricus. Caiuna five Cynocrambe mas & fxmma. Cvnocrambe lcgitima Diofcoridis Bauhino. fylveftris five Noli me rangere difta. ylveftris altera Tragi,i.Noli me tangere Montana tefticulata Sc fpicata Bauhini.i. Cynociamb: mas 8c foemina. Tefticulata Sc fpicata Bauhinj,i.Mercutialis vulgari*. Melereon Arabum,i. Chamxlxatricoccos. Germanicum,i. Chamxlxa vulgaris. Meipilus Anthedon Theophrafti,i. Arooia, Aronia fi ve Ncapolitana. Arom* fpccit. Gcfncro.i. Coronaflcr. Mcfpilum album M- cuin - ,6,5 Fruftualbom>gno,r 4 n. Gallic.. . 4lJ aximafativa. , 422. Germanica uvulgaris. LaurinofoIioBau- nini idem. Minot fcrrjro folio, ibid. Minor vulgaris. Iricoceos, i. Neapolitans, Mctlai.Aloe Americana. Njetallum Italorum, i. AriaThcophrafti vulgo, Meum AlcxiteriumCreticum. AdulterinuJ),8oo. Alpinum. Aliud minus,888. Alpinum umbclla purpurafeente Athamanticum. Foliis Ancthi> 889. Gcrmanicuta. Silefianum Camerarii. Spunum Italicum,889 # Vulgatius. Miidiega Hifpanis,i. Dorycnium Hifpanicum Clufio. Muax & Smilax arbor,i.Taxuj. Sc Smilax Arcadum. Afpera, 17 y. Milax five Acylacr. Bellonio. 1ZI1 34 ibid 34 80 ibid 34 ibid 80 34 3 1 ibid 34 » 6 7 f 33 3 1 34 * 9 ? I 22 6 ibid ibid *79 ibid vulgaris 298 297 4*3 1420 ibid 1 5 * 1458 888 ibid 889 889 ibid 934 888 3 i.F,lipendula. - 435 Molucca Svriaca la? vis&afperior,41. Moll ulcus Plinii. *4*7 Mo! yvaria: fpecies. 870 Diofcoridis.i.RadixRura? montana: 6 c Syriaca? etiamfcilicet Harmalr. 134 Molybdena Plinu,i.Dcntillaria Rondcletii. 8 5 ^ Quibufdam. Biflorta, 391. DalechampiU. Virga pafloris. 985 Momordica,!. Balfamina mas : 71 f . Atque Geranium Co’.umbi- num majus vulgare. 788 Monachi calvaria,i.Pifum cordatum. * 378 Monococcon i'rumentum,! 115. Monophyllum. 5°5 Moncrchis Gefneri,i Clufii feptima. *3 5 4 Morabati&iMoraCclfi. mi 6 - ;i Terrellrk,i.Fraga. ^57 Moracia & Moracilla,i. Iuglansferotim. 1 . 4*4 Morgelina,i.Anagallievulg ins. 559 Morgfani Syrorur .j i.Capparis fabago. 1 ? 1 4 Morian,i.Moringa, *650- Morocbc. x 1 39 Morfus Diabol flore albo, carneo,cxruleo five purpureo. 49* Morgcline & MorlusGallinr,i. Anagalhsdc Alfine, 55:9 Mcrmga.i 63 1. Morfus Ran* 12jj Morus i£pyptia.i49^. Alba & rubra & Virginiasa. I49X Mofchatella pratenfis Cord.,3 27. Carful'ea Germamca quibufdam Lugdunenfi 1. Ageutum purpurewm. Mora, 401 Mofchiuv. , iet is fac/e. . Capillaceus. - Clavatus Cupreffi formis. Clavatus five Lycopodium, 'l • *. • 'C©rallmu». X Coralloidcsfaxatilis. Corriculatus Gcrardi. • . , Ercftus ramofus major & minor. ’ ■ x 2 'Ex cranio humanojijij Dvntihilaut*. 13 Ferul«ceus,ii9x. FiJicinus* ■ xj FloridusGefneri,6 4 o. Foeniculaccuj. • u Marinos 1288. Pennaius. 13 Pulmonaiius,* 311. Pojytrichoides. 13 Pyxida.uSji 308. Quernus. 13 Ramofus, 13^8. Scopariut,ijo^, Saxatrlis. Spicatusji 307. Solaris & Stdlaris rofeus* 13 Terrcftris,! 306. Terre ftre genus Tragi,i.Mnfcus clavatus C preffifoimis. uta.-i.: j j Tjn&oruis, 1190, \ crusDiofcoridi?. j J,i 12 Vulgatifiunus, 13 06. Vulgaris alter. - i| Vrfinus Gefneri.i Lycopodium. 13 5 lutcllma Gcfneriji.Carusi purpuranteflore. ■ 8 Muftekaji-Cochemlia: fpecies. J4 AJyacanthos Diofcondis & Galeni,i.AfparaguJ pcffa?a, 9 The op hr aft i Dalcchampto,i.Carduusftclfatur. fl Myagro fimilisfiliqua rotunda. ^Sa MyagrumDiofcondis,869. Alterum minus Dalcchamp. 277 563 Altcrum amarum Cameline diftmn. r ,i 4 55. Battica Sylveflris. 1454 Conjugalis, i 45 y. Exotica anguftifolia & latifolia. ibid ! Domcftica minutiffimis foliis fruft j albo. ibid Flore plcno,i4j 4 . Maxima five Laurea. Liguftfif<o,i 4 47. Ncmoralis. Minor acuto & rotundiorc folio. , .. Nigra Diofcoridis.1 45 y. TarentinaPlinii,i.Minor. Ibid . 5 pinofa,i.Rufcus, 253. TehuifoliaThalii,i.Pfcudocha»niebuxus. Myxus& Myxa^.Sebeftcn^y2. AlbaGcfnero,i.Azadarach14^ 80,327 1592 1592 ibid 437 . 3*6 2 53 1 59 5 6 57 637 6 35 6 37 635 1291 *3 ?9 1309 ‘ * 3°7 * l 9 r, I 3 **>* 3,*8 N Abca Alpini Napec live Napeca.i.Oenoplia. Naua,i.rtnana. 3*5 Jf0 9 Si 1 ibid , 1441 • 1626 Napellus major & minor, &tcrtiuscxrulem," Lcucanchemos,38o. Mpifis.i. Autliora. RaccmofuSji :Chriftophoriana. Napha,i.Flores Mali Auxce. Napium Plinii,i.N.ipum fyjveftte. Napus Cretica,865. Sylveflris. NarccsChjror,ium,i.PanaxChirqnium,' Nardo Celtics fimilis inodora. jjg Nardus agreftis, 124. Agreftis Tragi,i.CaryopLyil a ta,J38. Ccl- tica, 1 16. Celtica altera moniana, ibjj CelticaalteraLobelii,i. Doronicum. Germanicum. 323 Cteticj,i2 4 . Ex Apulia. u8 Gallica,ibid. GangitiSjiij, Cumflore, 159.5, Ejus Jeon. 1688 Indica, 1 fgf , Liguftica, • ibid Montana uibcrofa,& longiore radrte. ., 117 Montana Cretica'. 1676 Romana,u8. Ruflica. lit j. Samphoritica DiofcorWis. . nS Spuria NarbonenfiSjibid. Sylveflris. . 2 67 Spica,ibid. . ; .... SC*595 Nardo Gairgitifpiiriaf fimilisplanta Lcjbclip. 1190 Nirel, i.Nux Cocus. *597 Narthecium Tjieophrafti,i.Feriilago,^ve Ferula minor* 876 NafcaphthUni & N'arcaphtura Dibicoridis,i Styrax rubra multil. Aliis veroCortex Thurjs,i6oi. CsfalpiuOji.Nucis mqfchatx' extintiiscortex. ' ' Naflos i.Aiundofatfla. " - Nafturtiura agiefte,i.Cir^amine, Alpinum capfuta NaUuttu lioHcnfis. 818 Alpinum BeUidis folio majus, Aquaticum amarum, Bab ionicum,8j t. ffifbSr'iCHBi. Foliis Barbare$,8 28. Hilpanicum lijifojium. Hortcnfecrifpurrflatifolium &an:u'ftjfqiium > ib;d. Horteufc vulgare J 8 23.Hybernum,8io.Italicum aquaticum.iajg Indicum,i 373. Miridmum,i.Eruca mantimaiwlica. 8iz Montanura luicum. 828 ibid 238 820 824 Inhtx Latinus. *77 Minus aquacicum. Oricnralc^i. Pctr*um burfa:paftorisfolio. 8z8 Prarcnie majus,i.Cardamine. Putnilum vcrnura. Sylveftrc Fuchfii,i.Sophia Chirurgoium. *>26 Sylvcftre Galeno.i.Lepidium lllud Ibeus di&um. 8^3 Sylveftrc Olliidis folio 839. Sylveftre Valentinum. ibid Teftorum,i.Th!afpi, S39. Vcnucaiium. 5°3 Nafturrioluoi Gcfncri. 8z8 Natrix Plinii Lobclio & nliis,i. Ononis non fpinofa lutea, 99 5 AnguiIara,i.Fraxinclla. 'bid Nauci.i.Nucis l nglandis cortex exterior. 1414 Negundo mas & fxmina. 1650 Nenuphar,i Nymphsea. Neotia Podonxo,i.Orchis abortiva. NepaTheophtafti, i.Ga2x Scorpius,five Genifta fpinofa major. 1905 Nepeta agreftis Cordi,i.CaIamentha Pulegii odofc,37. Anguftifo- lia odorara. . 3 4 Major vulgarises. Media. * ibid Aquatics Tragi, i. Mentha aquatica Camerarii. Minor,i. Cattaria minor,39.Momana Cordiji Calamcntha montana Peregrins latifolia & angqftifolia. 3 " Nepctclla,i. Nepers minor Alpina. 37 Ncrii facie Indica arbor Lobelii. 1Z70 Neriura five Oleander (lore albo & rubro. 1469 Alpinumfivc Rofa Alpina, i. Chamxrhododcndros odora Lo- belij. 78 Alpinum Aldroandto,i.Evonymtis. .141 Ncurat & Neuro fpaftos,i,Poteruim. 997 Nicophoros Plinu. NiconanSji.Tabacco minus (Ive Anglicum. 711 Nidus avis,i. Orchis abortiva. 1361 Nigella arvenfis,t 378. Bxtica five Hifpanica flore amplo, x 375 Citrinaflorealbo fimplicij&duplici. 1377 Crrtica inodoro femine. 1376 Crctica altera odoratatenuifolia. ibid Cretica odorata feminibus biformibus. ibid Cretica latifolia odorata.ibid. Damafccna inodora. ibid Floribus nudis & foliofis. 137f Romana fativa & fylveftris. ibid Vulgaris Lacuna,i.Ntgellaftruro, 63 4 Nigellaftrum five Pfeudomelanthium. ibid NiginaPlinii,i.Morfus Diaboli. 49z Nil Arabum,i.ConvolvuIus major canulcus,.170. & Nil fine Anil. i. Indico ycl Indicutn hciba. 600 Nimbo, 1 1441 Oleander flqre albo & ru^ro, 14^. Sylvcftre Aviennse Lugctimeh. i. Cneotumalbum Thcophrafli. 204 Olla Indis,i. Folium Atj»oris£oci. i $ 97 OleumLiquidambar,iy9o. 01ibonum,T 141,1601, Olyra. 1129 Ofiva,! Fruftus Olez,i 439.01ulatrum,i.HippofcIinum. 93 i 0 ]lenichium,i^Thyfielinuin. Olusalbum,i. Laftuca agnma,812. Aureurh.i.Atriplexvuig. Hifpanicum, i.Spinachla,7y i.Iudaictim qniburdam. 1. AIckca, 306, AliisCorchoraisfiveMelcchiV: : 309 01 ynthus,i.Grofiu». 1494 Omphacitisgal!a,i39t.Omphacium,r^'f. ComarumGuilandino Omphalocarpos Plinu quibufdain,i. Aparme, Aliis Arbutus. - "i '3490 Onagraji.CUaiDJencrium flore Delphinii. r 549 Onoblatum Hippocratis Anguilara,i.Cotyledon rflinus fcrrdto folio Onobrychis vulgaris five Caput Gallinac^urn Belgarum. 1081 AlteraBelganim velarvcnlis.i.Speculum veneris. ' ‘ I331 A]t< ra Dodonaei,i.Hedyfarum dypeatum. 1083 Clypeata afpera minor,io8z.Clypeatalx v is. 1083 Floribuscarrulcis, ic8z. FloribusVici* fucquart?CfiiRi. ibid Foliisvic longioribus.ibid.Frac.iftoriiji.Gilega vulgaris: , Globofoc^pite,1082. Minima. 1 1 1083 Montana Gcrardi,i.Quarta Clufii, n - »b:d Spicata flore purpureo^'bld.Vulgaris*.- ' ‘1082 . Tcrtiapurpurea Lugdutienfis,i.PolygalaMonfpeIijca, 1333 Onocordorbi.Gramen Phalaroides. ' 1164 Oiiogyros Nicandri Gefnero,i. Hclianthemum vn'gare,3tnj Acan- thium vulgare. ■ ^g 0 Ononis fpinofa flore albo. ' -'993 Flpre luteo major & minor,ibid.Flore? purpureo'five vdlg.Vris.ibid Non fpinofa flore luteo major & minor. ' qg± F,lorc luteovariegato, ibid.Florepur^uKO. • ibid Onoperdon Gefneri,i.Acanthium vulgare. 1 980 Lugdunenfis,i.Carduus tomcncofus; •: . > G erat di,i .Polyacanthos. Gnppteris nigra Dodona^ i. Adianthutnnigrum vuloarfc; Onopyxus,a fertius Dalechampi'1,986. I • Onofina, Ony«;l.e Diofcoridis,i.Blatta Byxantia.j Ophyogloffum majqt fiv? vulgare, 50^-Minus fubrotundofdlio & Angulofo folio B-iuhini. jb,d Ophriofgqridon^i.AUiimnirfinutn; 172° Index Latinus, Peplis, 195. Minor Dalcchampii,9y. Pepiuy.Eularotunda. Ptpo',770 773. Cacumcralu, 701. Indicus fungrformis. 770 Maximus dypeatus. *t>id Pcpo latus Dodonxi,ibid. Pipulina & Pepolnia CxfaIpini,i.Thy- inum vulgare. p f7 9. I ongifoliaDalccliampu. 5S1 Minimi Bupicurifolia Column*. ibid Montana latifolia,y79. Minor rami* inflexis. 581 Rubraquibufdam Gefnero,!.Vaccana rubra. 634 Siliquofa Napifuha,y8 r, flurepurpureo. ibid Siliquofa vulgaris,ibid. Vulgaris. ?79 Perforata. i.Hypcricura,573. Perg.tmcnar. izoS Pcriclyrhenum re&ura fruducxrulco & fru&u mgro. 1462 AHobrogura Lobclio. 1463 \ ruftu rubro majorc Of. minore. ibid Virginianum Aortal bo comofo. Flore rubcfccntc. Repen* fiveScandcs Cermanicum florc rubro, \ 460 Italicum perfoliatumjibid. Vulgarc. ibid piriploca vide Apocynum, Pcriftereon Cratev* Anguilara.i.Chamipytis major, peilaro arbor I calls,1.Azcdcrach, 1445. Bellonio Sscomorus. Anguilara, i.Lotus celus, 1323. Graminea planta. j 176 Ptrmonaria live PuImonariaquaproSpica Cdticaufi funt Itali Anguilara,i.Mufcusclavaiu's., Perpenfia Dodonxiji.Afarticn. Pcrlea Clufii, 1914. plinii forte Cxf.ilpino,i. Anacardium. Pcrfica mala & arbor, 1 y 13 Perficaria acris& mitisfive maculofa & immaculata. 8 j 6 Anguftifolia,8?7. Americanafcilicct Fruticofa Virgimana maculataflore albo. 8 y 7,& Fruticofa Virgmiana immaculata florecarnco. ibid Pulilla repens Lobclii. ibid Siliquofa five Noli me tangcre. Z97 Pcrfolatavel PcrfonataPliuiiji.PetafiiM. 420 Perfonata,i. Bardana. 1123 Pesanferinusji.Atripler latifolia 749. Afini.i. Alliaria. Avis,i.Omit’opodium,1093. Cati,i Gnaphalium montanum five Pilofclla montana minor. 689 Colutnbinus,i. Geranium,Coluinbinum. Ctrvinus,i.Coronopus Sc Ranunculus quibufdam. ?o 3 Gallinaccus,i.Coronopus ibid. Lconinus,i.LeontopecaIon. 68 3 & Leonccpodium. Leoniijij Alchytnilla, 5-38 leporiSji.Lagopusji tC7. Locuftx,i.Rapuntium minus vulgarc Milvi Anguilara.i.Thliftrum majut. M:lviPendcdaium,i.Lagopus, 1107. Vituli,i.Arum. Peflifuga,i. PctaAtes major five vulgaris,419. Minor five Farmina fiore albo. ibid Petrapium i Petrofdinum. Pctrella Monardi Ferraricnfis, i, lacolxa. 672 Petrapungcni Gerardi.448. Petrifindula. 449 Petroleum. 1573 Perromarula Crctica,i.RapunculusCrcticui. 648 Petromelus Gefncri,i449. Pctroamygdala Crctenfium. ioiz Petrofelinum Caninum,934. Crericum. 1165 1 ! 64 148 c 921 Crilpum,ibid. MacedouicumTragi,1.Saxifrage Pimpinella. PumilaClufii. Patenfis major, 1 164.i. Gasmen trernulum majus. Phalaroidcs Gramcn. Phallus Hollandicus. P liana Bcl!onii,i. Eric* fpecier. Phancaceum,i.Pauacis Chjromum. < 4 2 Phafrius Galeni eadem eft cum Pi afiolo. Diofcoridis, i. Orobus Pannonicus Clulii five dubio, 1058. Dodonxi, i, Faba major & minor. • Lobclii, 108 1.Cordi,ioy8 Cafilpini & Anguilar*. ibid Phafiolus fjlvarum Lugdur.enfis eadem. ibid Phafiolusvel Phafcolus Americanos florecoccineo. 1056 Brafilianus magnus. 1057 Siliquahirluta, 10 5 6 Ercflus. 1057 Sylveftris Lugduncnlis,i.Fiba veterum. 1 y y Varzetas ex Clufio. ibid Phafeohpurgantes, 1 620.Novum genus. 1086 P hegos,i.Ph3gus five Efculus Qucrci genus. Phellos,i.Subtr. ^ x j ^3 Phellodrys alba anguftifolia,* 199. Alba an?uftifoliafaTa:a,i4r.o. A iba latifolia.ibid. Coccifcr3. »j9j Matthjoli,ibid. Muricatisfoliis. ibid Nigra latiflimis foliis.ibid. Nigra mediocri folio. ibid Pbillyrca anguftifolia.pritna & fecunda, 14 43 F olio lato lerraco. ,bid LatifolU,ibid. Latifolia folds fere non fecrati*. ibid DodflnxoSc Anguihra,i.Liguftium. i 4 j 7 Philipcndub,!. Filipendula. Pbilyca 1 heophraftid. Alarernus. *44? PhilyraTheophraftiji.Tiha Dibfcoridis. Pnleos Thcophrafticifta Stsbe Thcophrafti, i.Pimpinellafpinof?. 998 Mas & f*mina Lugdunenfis i.Sagirraris & Sparganium. J 24 6 Phleum Tficcpi rafti,9z8. FalfoPhkos Lugdaner.fi. f)odonxi,i. Tipbapaluftris* 1204 Inter Pnleos & Palcum differentia. 1 24 6, 1104 Phlomos & PhlomiSji.Verbafcum. s 1 Alter,i. fxmina. ibid Lychnitis.i Salvia fruticofa anguftifolia. J x ,53 Phlomitis Lobclio, i. Aubiopis. Phlox five FlammaThcophraftijquibufdam.i. Lychnis fativa five Coronaria rubra. Aliis Flos Adonis. Ph*nix arbor,i. Palmadadylifera. Carduus,i.Leo ferox, Gramen,i.L.lmm. * x 4? PhorbionGaleni i.Sclarca. ^ Phrocalida in Lemno,i. Dintellaria Rondcletii. Phrynium Pliniiji.Tragacantlia. Phtl’.ora,i. Thora Valdenfuim. Pluhirocoftonon,i. Staphifagna. Phu majus,1. Valeriana major. Minus ApulumJ.SaliuncaNeapolitana, Minus Petr*um,i.Valcriana petr*a,ni. Minimum. 1 1 4 Minimum atferum Lobelii. j Phyllum arrhenogonon.five marificum & Thcligonon five fxmini- cum. Diofcoridis Lugdnnenfi.2 97..Tcfiiculatum & fpicatum. ibid Philanchroposd. Aparine. Phyllitis vulgaiis ^ multi fidofolio. 2046 Alatafivc Ramofa Alpini. 1 bid Phytcuma Matrhioli,i. Campanula perfici folia. 6yz C*lalpmi,i.Ranunculusfpicaius,ibid. Diofcoridis Columna, i. Scabiola vel Valeriana. HonoruBelli,i. Antirrhinum. 1334 Monfpclicnfium.irz,812 Quibufdam,i. Lutea herba. 604 Piciclt,! Tabacco. Picea major vulgaris, 1538 Puclifii,9t4. Maccdonicom quibufdam. Maccdonicum Dodon*i idem, Dalechampii. 924 Virginianum.912. Vulgare. ibid Pctrofclini vitium Trago,i Cicutaria minor. Petum,i.Nicotiana five Tabacco. Peace Plinii,i Picea TednoareSe ncc Pit)s Pinca. *?37 Peucedanum Italicum. 880 Faciepcrpufilla plantaLobclii. 881 Minus,880. Germmicum. 881 Parnonicum,ibid. Vulgarc. 8«lo Phacoidcs Oribafii,i.Sanamunda fecunda Clufii. Empetron Lugdunen i. Alypum Ivionfpel. Phacoptifana, 1132. Phagusi.Efculus, 1387 Phalangites Cordi,i. Phalangium. Phalangium ramofum & non ramofura. 418 AlloDrogicum,ibid. Majus Italicum. ibid Cret* Salonenfis Lobclii. operepriore Ephcmerum Virginianum fiore albo, pnrpurco faturo & diluti- ore fiore rubro. ibid Phalaris bulbofa femme albo & nigto, & rulgarii. 1163 i?39 Picris,77 6. Dalechampii;i Hicratiumminus pr*norfaradicc. 793 Piganum Dodoneo,i. ThaliArum. Pigus Thcophrafti,i. Sambucus racemofa montana. Pzlofella fiore eretfto 692. Indies odorata, 689 Major & minor vulgaris repcns. ibid Maxima hifpanica, 692. Mediaereda. 689 Minor Fuchfii Clufio, 1. Bacchans Rauwolfio. j 1 y Minor alteraDodon*i 68y. Minima 692 Montana vario fiore 692 SiliquataThalii,i. Paronychia. 5 57 Pinnento del rabo,i. Piper caudatum 160 y. Pinan,i. Areca Pimpinella minor,i.Sidcritis fecunda Diofcoridis. j Romans,908. Saxifraga. Reman* alccrumgeniusC*falpini. 908 Sanguiforba vulgaris major & minor, y8i Sangu.forba maxima Americana. ibid Folio Agrimoni*,^*. Iralica. 584 Spinofa,i Scxbc legitima Theophrafli Bello. 997 Pinas Indorum,i6i6 pintar purgauv* five Pinei nuclei Maiuccani. i6 4 1 Pinafter Auftriacus fecundus & cerriui CluGi. i-yj 7 Hifpanicus lnhex Latinur. Hifpanicuj fecundus & ccrciuj Clufii. ibid Niger Clufii,ibid. Pumiliomontanus. ibid Tcnuifolius julo purpurafeente. ibid Pinaftclla Alpina,i.Peucedanum. 881 Pinipinichi,i6yi. Pinguicula. 533 Pinus domeftica five urbana. i y 3 4 Maririma major,i y$ y. Maritima minor# if,$7 Maritima Thcophrafti,ibid.Infru&ifera. 1 53 5 Sylveftris humilis fru&ifera. IJ3 5 Sylveftrismontanafru&ifcpa. ibrd Sylvcftris Cembrodi&a. if?7 Sylveftris Mugo Matthioli. ibid Sylveftris Teda force,t 535. Scerilis. ibid Tibulus velTubulus Plmij,if j7.TarentinaPIinii. ibid Piper aborcivum J j.Inane J i6o4. Aigyptiacum vel Africifium. 1605 Aichiopicum,ibid 4 Americanum,!. Capficum. .'358 Matthioli, ibid. Aquaticum fiveHydropiper. 8y6 Brafma,i.Inane,i6o 4 . Caudatum. 1605 Longum>i6o 4 .LongumOccidenraleMenardi, n* itfoy Canarinura,i- Kufticum fire ignobiie* ibid I>c Guinea,i.Capficum. 3 58 Germanicum Tragi,;. Saxifraga Pimpinella. 547 Hifpanicum,i. Capficum. 3 y8 Indicum,j 58.Montanum Anguilara?>i. Clrumaclara Germa- nica five Mcfereon. 304 Marinum,73S. Nigrum album & rotundum. 1603 Radix Diofcoridis,i.Galanga minor Bauhino. PipereIIa,i.Thlafpidion,8j5 &Pcrficaria, 8y£ Plinii,i. Capficum. Pirata-vel Spiraea Thcophrafti Clufii. 14^ GuiIandino,i. Erica quarta Clufii. Pifan,i. Mufa. Pifa nigra,i. Faba GrafCorum. ioyy Pifamm vel Piffiamin, i. Prunus vel Daftylus Virginianu*. * f 23, , 1517 Piicium rencnum,29 f .Piffafpaltam. if4X.Afabibus.i, Mumia. 15 9 ? PitTelxon,i. Cedrmficca. Piftacium Germanicum,i. Nux veficaria. 14*7 Piftacia Nux & fylveflris. 1417 Piftana Magonis Lobelioji. Sagittaria. 1246 Piflolochia Cretica Temper virenj. Creticavulgatioribid. Virginenfis. * 420 Pifum Americanum coccineutn, 107i 4 Cordatum* 1377 Cordo Dorycnium fufpicatutn. 3 0 1 Pifum Grzcorum Trago.i.Lathyras iatifolius. . 1062 Indicum LobeIii,i378. Martinum Anglicum. 1059 Aliud mariciinumBritanicumjibid.Cordaiutn# *377 Nigrum Camerarii,i.Faba Gratcorum. j 0 yy Quadratum,i.Siliqua Quadrangula. 1400 S>lveftre primum,iof8. Sylvefirealteruro. i°f9 Sylveftre nigrum macuUtum.Baeticura. ibul Veficariuniji,Cordatum. >277* Vctcrum Gratcoram. 10 j y Pityocampa:. Piryne Hieophrafti AnguiIar3,i.Aphaca legumen. 1067 PityS,i.Pacea. Pithiti«,i.Semen Papaveris nigri. Pityufa &Pityufula, i 8y,i9y.Pituitariaji.Staphifagria, 222 Pix arida & liquids, 1541. Brutia Plinii. iy 4 2 Cedrina,i f4i. Navalis. Planta animale,i.Agnus Ruthenicus five Scytliicus. 1618 PlamaCardaminesa’mula,82 7 . Cardinal!* i.Trachelium. Americanum operepriore Indica fanguinalis,i.fanguineos. 1622 Sanguinem illico fitlcns. Sudores cxcctans, 16x6. Leonis Dodonari, i. Hellcborus niger Legitimus. Marina renfor- mis,i. Corallina reticulata plana. 1297 Pinnaca arundinacea Lobelii fpinofa. ^ 1629 Rubifacic fenticofa planta. j bid Spinofa Maurorum AlhagiRauwolfii. 1003 Pi antula peregrina Clufii. Plantagini fimilisLugduncnfis, i. Leontopodium Creticum aliud Plantago anguftifolia paniculis Lagopi.497. Minor. ibid Aquatics Anguilara& Ilionibno,i.Limonium minus rc&e,ix4<5 Aquatica major & minor. J244 Aquatica minor muricaia, ibid. Minima Clufii. 1 bid Albida Dodona*i,yoo. Angufltfelia caulefcen»,i.fruticans. 49; Anguftifolia major minor & minima. ibid Anguftifolia rofca j4 5»5‘ Anguftifolia ferrdta. ibid Apula bulbofa. $ Exotica firucofa, 49 3. Latifolia exotica. y Incanafpicisvariis,ibid. Latifolia maxima. 4 95 Latifolia vulgatis,ibid. Longa Matthiola & Lugdunenfij. 497 Major incana,49 3. Major Latifolia multiformis. 494 Marina fiveHoloftcum,498. Major Rofea multiformis. 495 Montana trinervia,497. Paniculafparfa. ^ Peregrina fpinofa.ibid. Prolifera. 4 « j Quinquenervia prolifers, ibid. Rubra. 495 Salmantkenfis,49 f.TrinenriaanguflifoliKg 497 Spiralis.49 4# Torofa >4 97, Vmbilicata. 49 5 Vulgaris. 49 ^ Plantaginclla.i. Plantago media & minima. PJatanaria,i. Sparganium rornofura. 1206 Platanus aquatica Anguilara, i. Sambucus aquatica,fimplex, 210. Diofcoridislegitima. 1428 Orientalu & V^ginicnfis. 1427 Gallorum Ccxrdo & aliis,i. Acer majns. 142^ Oviedi & Hifpanis mulcifque aliis.i.Mufa. 1497 lumbago Plinii quibuldam LugdunenfiSji.DentillariaRondeletjj. 856 Aliir,i.Virga paftoris 98y. Quibafdam aliis Lugdunenfi, i. Par- P«ieumonamh maCU ^°^' 85 ^’ *' ^ en “ an ? Antumnalis. Podagra lini,i. Gufcuta, Pod a gr,r. a , s4 j. Hiriuta. ibld PoUmonium Dodonan,,. Valeriana rubra ejuHem . 24 lo emonn alcerafpecics Gefneri eadem. ib id i oiemonlum fruticam MonrpclienGnm Lgbelii, i, lafinimm. luteum vulgare. 6& Nigrum Hippocracisvererinarii,f.Grariola. PetraeumGefneriji. Lychnis iyireiiis florcalbo Poienta” fC GelnCI ‘’ '• Bcn 4lbum fi,c Paparer fpineum, a«j Tabermontani.i.Fraxinella. ll i l . Polium pro Tnpolio Plinii & Gaa*. PoliumangaRifoliumcrcaum Creticum. , jl Alpinum ]uteu m> 8 j 9 . Album Bauhini. Gnaphaloides. > . Latifolium incaniim Creticum, 7 * K Maritimum fupinum. -l j Montanum Lavcndulz folio. . Montanum minus, 2 3.Montanum Monfpelxehfe. 1 24 . Montanum fupinum minimum. Montanum repens, *6. Montanum vulgare# 2 ? Columna 1 i.Hyffopi#,j. Aicera fpecirs Colomna. i. Crctanum fxmine. - Pollen, 1127. Pumilum tenuifolium Africum. , Polyanchemnm Lugdunenfis, i. Ranunculus, Polyac«ntha,99c>. PolycarponLugdunenfi. 4 . g Polyacanthos,981. Polvc R emum Lobelii, i. Calamintba aquatica.' Tragi, ‘.iCnawcll Germanorum.448. Gefneri, i.Acinui live Glinopodium majus. Polygala & Polygalon rccentiorum major, 13 31. Minor & Mon- fpeli«ca,iMd. Repent 8 e Affinis. , Major Maffilioeiea Baubini.i.Aftragaloides herbariorum. ioIt G ernen & mukorum Lugdunenfi, i.Onobrychii vulgaris. C-ordi,j. Glaux vulgaris, Camerariiji. Aftragaius Afpinur Helyeticur, Valentina Clufii prmr & altera. 217,118.1087. tone Polygonatum acutum Gerardi,i. Latifolium five quartum Clufii Americanum Sc ramofum. s c « A nguftifolium ramofum & non tatnofsm. 6 Q o Brafilianum perfoliatum Cordi, i. Vaccaria rubra ° Latifolium Hellcbori AlbifolLis. Latifolium majus & minus. Majus flore majore. Perioliatum ramofum Americanum majus & minus flore lureo <^98. Tenuifolium. 6 Virgmianura,697. Vulgare. gfjt Polygonato affinis Bauhino.i.Quarrum Clufii. I olygonum bacciferum majus & minus,i.Vva marina^f i. Bacci- fei am fcandeus. * Cocci ferum Polonicum. Cocciferum primum Tabermontani,i.Vva marina. Creticum Tnymifoliio. . q ExiguumDodonaei.448. Fzmina vide Equifctum, ^ Germanicum five Knawd Gcrmanorurri. Germanicum alterum. Gramineo folio ereftum. Hederaccum Columns.i.Hcljtine CifTampelos Atriplieis cffigic- Lnroreum minus ftofculisfpadiceoalbicantibw. r 6 Marinura Tabermontani,i. Vva marina. Mas vel Mafculum,i. yulgarem a jus & miniis. 4 #~ Mafculum fruticofum Thalii,i. Scdcim vertuiculatum arborefeens T,,. .. c "•444# & 73f. Maximum foliis* 44? Plinii quartum quibufdam Lagdunenfi,!. CaffiapceticaMaflili- enfium.y42.Clufiovcro,(it Vya marina. 4 y t Saxanle, 443. Sclinoidcs, i. Perccpier Anglou!m,449•. Selincidcx c ^f. r .^ I *4»4 8 *Altcrom pufiJlumLobclij. 44? Scrpillifolium Lobelii. J 44 6 jttZ Valcntmumji. Amhyllis Valentina ClufiL 44 5 3 * 43 * * 4 j? >434 1432 * 43 * ibid *434 ibid ibid ibid ibid Yitellin? Index Latinus. 1725 Vicellina Cordi,i. Aquatic*. 1436 SalfaparillavideSarfaparill*. Salfirora,i. Ros Solit. 1053 Salfola Czfalpino,i.Kali, Salvia agrcftis Brunfelfii,i.Horminum fylveftre vulgarc. 1 9 AgrcllisDodonari.i. Scorodonia.il 3. Alpina Gcrardi,i.Pfeudo- ftachys Alpina,49. Anguftifolia fctTata. 5} Auriculata vel Aurita &non Aurita,49.BaccataveI Baccifera.ibid Bofci,i.Scorod©Hia,i 1 j. Coccifera. 73 Crctica anguftifolia & latifolia-,‘49,70, Crctica pomifcra &non pomifcra ibid. Folio fubrotundo. 50 Fruticofa lureaanguftifolia,i. Phlomos LychnitisDiofcotidis Clufio.yo, Fruticofa IatifoIialutea,i.Vcrbafcumquartum Matthioli,yi. Grarca Aaguilara,i.S*luia bacciftra. 9 3 Hifpanicaodoratiflima. 50 IndicaGcrardi eadcm cft, 53 *- Latifoliafcrrata. ibid Lanuginofa anguftifolia,50. Major vulgaris. 4 9 MaximalatifoIia,ibid. Minor aurita Hilpanica. 5 ° Minor altera florerubcnte, 7 3. Minor live pinnata. 5 ° Minor lutea Crctica, 71. Montana Gcfneri,i.Scorodonia. 113 Nobilis Gefneri,i.Minorpinnata, 73. Pomifcra. ibid Romana five Mentha Romana.i.Ballamita major. Sylvcftris, f.Scorodonia, 113. Sylvcftris adulterina Tragi,i.Hor- minum fylveftre Saluifolium. 59 Sylvcftris C*falpini,i. Stachys fpuria. 4 9 Sylvcftris Monfpclienfium,i.Saluia fruticofa anguftifolia lutea,7 3 Sylvcftris ycra Gefneri & Tragi,i.Horminum lylv.vulgare. 59 Tcnnifolia,i.Nobilisfiveminc)caurita,73. Vcrficolor. 49 Vhx t i.Rut* muraria,1050. Vulgaris. 49 Salufandra,i.Nigc]la,i377. Salutaris fierba Marcello,!. Rhamnus Diofcoridir,ioo8. Samarrad.VImi femcn. 1407 Sambac,i.IafminumjSambali,i.Ncgundo,i6^o. Samburana In- dis,i.Lignum odoratum,,i6o 5. Sambix. Sambucuj & Sabucus fruftualbo,to8. Cervina,iio.Humilis.io8 Fruftuin umbclla yiridi,ax®. Laciniatis foliis. ibid Montana racemofa,ibid. Paluftris five aquatica, 208 Sambucus rofca,ibid. Raccmofa rubra. ibid Valida Gefneri,i.Nux vcficaria. *411 Vulgaris. 207 Samolus Plinii^.Anagallis tercia Lobelii. 1138 Eft & Vaccinium paluftre quibufdam. SamphosPlinii. Sarapfuchus Diofcoridis'Lobelii & aliis.' 14 Quibufdam Marum vulgare. ibid Sanamunda Afncana,ao3. Prima, Secunda Sc Tcrti* Clufil, 104 Quibufdam,!. Caryophyllata. 38 Monfpcliaca glabra, 207. Viridis. ibid Sana fanfta Indorum Lobelii,i.Tabacco. S»ndalidaCretica,i.Lotusquadripinnat«s, I103 Sandatacha Arabum,i.Vernix fivcGummi lun/peri. *029 ■ Grarcorum,i,Autipigmenturorubrum. ibid Plinii,i. Alveariia cfiellificiuin,quod Ccrinthus Cornacio appella¬ te. I, -i 1030 Sandaxax Serapionis,i Sandarachaj SanguinalijmafcBlaCordiji.Polygomitnfrmin^vcl Equiffccum pa¬ luftre. SanguinelUMatthioli.J.Coronopusw 503 Aliisi.Gramen Mannz cfculemum. Sanguinaria vd SangniaaJii ,i.Coronopus. 503 6c Cornu ccrvinum. ibid Tragi, i.lfchxmon vulgar$y : ibid 6 c Blitum rubruen. 723 Quot Sanguinari* extant. 743 Sanguinaria radix Qermanorum > i,Geranium Tabermon,majas.711 Sanguiforba>i.Pimpin®lla vulg. 582 Sanguis draconis herba,i.Lapathumfanguincum. 1217 Qtfioinarum, i.Gummi arboris. >531 San(culaalbaGermanorum,i.DencariacoraIloides. 318 Alpina, f.Auricula urfi. jj 7 Americana,i.Cortufa Americana, Eboracenfis^.Pinguicula. ‘ 733 F-zminiQ. Aftrantia nigra. 217 Guttata,i.Geum Alpinum Lobelii. 5 34 Major,i.Alchymilla. 7^8 Mas Fuchfii & officinarucn,i.Diapcn(ia. - 3 4 Montana Clufii>j.CortufaMatthi©li. yjj Montana calcari donata,i.Pinguicula Montana altera Clufii,i Saniculaguttata. 734 Trifolia,i.Cardamine trifolia, 8 17 Vulgaris live DiapenG*. 5 ?1 S«nt,i.Acacfa vera, . 174^ Sancalum album, Citrmum* Rubrlttn. 260j Santalus vel Pfcudo fontaluiCrfltica. 1606 Santo!ina,i.Abrotanum farmina. p 7 Santonicum Cordojiicadem. ibid Santolina Ccctica AIpmi,i.Srxchw Citrlna CrttJca Bore amplo, 7 1 i 5 5 S *5 39 641 640 173 426 474 473 427 988 428 415 426 I Sapa. Sapinus,i.PiceA five Abies rubra. Saponaria Anglica fiftulo folio. Flore duplici, ibid. Minor Dalechampii. VcJgarjs,64r. Fuchfio,i.^trmbium. Sarcocolla, 1544 Sarcophago Crcrenfibus,i.Dcnti]lariaRondc]crii. Scardiana; glandcs,i.Caftanca* nuces, *4-01 Sardonsa herba, i.Ranunculus Sardonius. m 7 Sargaio & S3rguifo,i.Lcnticula marina^, *281 San Theophraiti.i.Papyri ipecies. j JO g Sarfaparilla. Saxiphagon,i.Betohica. 6c Saxifragia Vera, Safilfica Italorum,i.T ragopog.on purpuraim. Alrerafivc agnftis. Salfifragialtalorumji. Saflaphrae. Saflaphras® SaiTafras. 1606 Satureia Creticalegitima. . v£ftivajis 6c HycmaJis. g Cretica fpinofa. - Hortenfis five Domeftica. ^ 5 Lurca DaJecbampii Lugdimeni:,i.Melampyrum. Montana & Peren.iis. SpicataSanfti]uhani,4. Vulgaris. ibid Safyrium verumd Tulipa. Abortivum,i36i. Bafi'.icum masYidcOrcl-.ides. Decimum Tragi,i.Hclleborme fecundaClufii. Nonum Tragi,i.Nidus avis. Quibuldam,i.Dens Caninus Erythromum verum Diofcoridis,i.Tulipafiore rubro. 134 s AliiSji.Dens Caninus vulgare. Trifolium Dodonxi,i.HyacintHusflellaris Fuchfii, TrifblinmMatthioliBufquam gentium inycnitur. Saxifraga alba vulgaris. 4l ? A^a Alpina. Alba altera bulbifera. ^id Alba petrza. Altera CzfaIpini,i.Afperula repens Gcfncri. Anglicana Lobelii. Anglorum facie Scfcli Pratenfis. Saxifraga antiquor’um,428. ■. Aurca. Anrea Lichenis facie Lobelii. Bavarica,4x8. Brunfclfii,i.Alkakengi*. Crctica prior,428. Crctica altera Alpino, ibid Lutca Fuchfii,i.Melilotus vHlgarii. — 10 Lutea Gefneri i .1 halidrum majus. 2 £- Magna vel major Itafdrum Matthioli ? i.Saxifragii Bavarica,426. Maritima Neapolitana. 418 Major Brunfelfii,i Ruta murari.% 1050 Montana Gefneri,i.Dentaria Coralloidcs, 610 Montana Neapolitana. Paluftris Anglicana. ibid Pannonica CluGi,i.Daucus montanus. PetrzaPonz. 424. Pimpinella major & minor noftras. ^4^ Pimpinella major & minor Germanics five Harcynia, jbid Prima Matthioli,i.Satureia Sandz Iuliani Bauhino. 426 Quarts rubra Brunfclfii,i.Alkakengi. j Romana Lugdtincnfis,i.Irio alter Matthioli. g j ^ Rubra Tabermontaniji.FilipcnduIa, Rubra ThaIii,i.Trichomanes. Rubra Tragi A aliorum,i.Polytrichum vulgare, Tertia Brunfelfii,i.Lythofpermum minus. Tertia Czfalpini,i.Selinum peregrinurnprimum Clufii. Tuberofaradice Clufii.i.Alb* vulgaris, 424, Vmbellifcraji.Pimpinellavel Scfeli.Vera Diofcoridis Mattbiolo. 426 VenetorumLobelio. 9*0 Saxiphagon. 426 Scabiofa AftivalisClufii. 48 y Alpin3 Centauroides. 487 ArborcfcensCatfalpino. 49 0 Arborca CreticaPonz,ibid. Columna,i.PhyteumaI)iorc. 486 Argcntea anguftifolia, 487. Flore albo, ^4 Flore albo gemino,488. Gallica Camerarii. GlobulariaBellidisfoliii,488. Globularia foliisferratis. ibid Hifpanica major & minor, 439. Major fegeturn. 48 j Media vel minor,i.Campeftris. ^6 U i Ror Campeftris. 48^ Minima Ovdla dwfta. ,bid Montana Deatis leoois folio, 4 g 7 Montana glabrofolio. 4 8 6 Montana maxima. 2 bid Montana repens.484. Neapolitana foliis Sinapi fylvcftris. 487 P«regrina Dodonzi,490. Pannonica florealbo. 48^ GggggSS 1 Pamilumi 2 6 Index Latinus, Pumilum genus,i.Bellis csrulca. 489 Pcolit'er#,497 CPiaua T raoi i.jacea nigra. 469 Rubra AuUriac2,+33. Pyubra Indica. 48S Srcllacaminima l 490. Tcnuifoh.icapiculoglobofo. 488 Tcnqjioji'. alteraclacior,489. Vulgaris pratenfis. 484 Scalacxfi,! l'clygdnatum. 699 ScnniaojaMoiifpcliacaji^i. MonTpelnca: affinis. 166 Macrothizos Crttica'Alpini,ibid. cjusfigura. 1677 Parva Cameraniji,Convolvulus major. Patavina Cortufi, 1 Convolvulujfpicx foliis. 173 Syriacaleguima,i< 5 z Valentina Clufii. 165 1 emus PliniOji.Convolvulu* minor albus. 1 7 3 Virginian* rotundifojia,164. Suppoiituia. 166 ScannnoHium Americanum Dedonziji.Slccivoacan. 180 Scamnagati Crctenlium,i.CichoriuniIpinofum. 776 Scandix,976. Altera,ibjd.Crctic.’,ibid. Scanaria.i.Scandix, Minor Tabcrnicntani,i. Polygonum ScJjuioidcs. 449 Scandulachriim,i.Thlai'pi. 839 Scaniola&Stnola, 774 . 806. Sylvellris Anguilara:,i. Sonchutlar- vj’salttr. 806 Scarovotano Cretenfium, i.. Plpfiolus. 1058 Sccprrum & ErififceptimnPlinii i. Alpalatbus. iooo Scatumcarli & Scu(cllum,i Vmbihcts Vtnciis. 741 Scclerata Apuieiq.Rjnuncnlu, p.tlufiris. 1217 Schtnna Ar*bum,i.Abfin:jiium Santoi.itu vcl Semen ad Lumbricos. Schenna Grxcorum ftibJernucumji.Cypius Plinii. 1447 Scharn.intbemum, 144'.. A'dultu-ii um. u6j S.'haino’ftrfSjt i§o. Scrllandrt-elPexccpaccogenere. Sell wad, ri Germ .morum ji. {? iza G c rmaii: ca, 1 1 3 6,118 c. Scirpus Tragii 183,1.192, S^ilobiqu'ocs Cretenfium,i.Napus fyl veltrisCrerica. Sciflima Ga2se,i.Fapus. ' Sclarca horcenlis.i.Horminttmfativum. i Sylvellris Tabermontaniji Hoiminutn jylyeftre, TEthiopica l.aciniaca,57. H fpanica. ' Sclavonia herba,i.Radix Cava. Scolctium,i.Cheimcs batra:. ‘ ScoJopindiia & ScolcprndrJuaiji.CeterAcfy five Afplenium, Leguminofa Cortufi,i.SccurWaca paigrina Clufii. Major Lonlcero,i.Struthioptcris Cdrdoi' Vulgaris pro Phylhtiue ohm ulurpata tun, Scolymus'I heophvafli. . Scoparia Beluidcrcdicta'Linariafcdparia Genifta,z33. Pfiniflquilk'fJam,i]Sclaixa. Scopa regia puchfii > & AngdilaraM Batbarea'. Quibufdamji.BriUcu^zfj. A Ins. PhniiDalechampfd.i. Achillea nobilj’s,, Stoidium alter urn vcltaij^AScorotfonia. •'Alcerum Plinii DjIechampio,i. Sclarea. Aliis,i HorminumfatlVum Crericumlanuginofnm, Legitimum. • Scordotis Plinii piimum,ibid. Alcerum Pfinii Pome. 97 *1 866 1401 55 59 59 296 1J S 6 IO9I I467 1086 59 8 zo 695 110 59 * * 3 110 Scordium fpinofum qdornum. ,5-5 Scorodonia five Saluia bofei, & Saluia agreflris. , x 0 Scorodoprafluni,87i: Alcerum bulbofo atconvoluto capirci. bid Sdorpiofic Scorpiui Theophrafli duplex herba&lpina. hcrba,i. l)oronicuiti'qiiibufdam, Allis Thora. Spina,i ,G enifta fpinoia. Matthioli,i.Trag@s. Vtraque Plinio& Gaz.i,i.Ncpa. Ptimus CIpfii,i.GIRifta fpinofa mijorvulga, Sccundos Cliifiiji.Genifta'Iparcium fpinolum minus. . & tcrtiusTjb^moqtahi. , Msritirhus Djlcehafrtpii,i.Vva marina major, • Minimus Tabermontaniji.AfpalarhHS. Scorpicidcs album Gtfiieri & Scorpiuron,i.HeIioiropium. Aquaticum,i. M. cfotis Scorpioides repens. -Buplcurifohum & minus. IX , 7 L'Jguminolj.,09!. Matthioli live Portulaca: folio,i.Tclcphium . BJicictridis Bauhir.o &alus. , XI _ ‘SccifhfrtnnJ.HeJiotropi]jiii. 7 Scoizonera Bohemica Matthioli. Platior auguJlitolia Panhomca. Hurnrln latifoiia Pannqriica. Il]j’rica,410. Major latifoiia Pannonica. Minor anguftifolio Pannonica, Minima tuberofa radice Hifpanica. Quarca CJufiifi.Hieratium Tragoponii foliis. Scot an um vulgpCxfalpino,i.Coggygria quibufdaoi, occophularia aquacica,i.Betonica aquatica. Altera &uta Caninadida. Creticalacilolianbid. Flore lutco^ii. Indica. Major 2 Media & tertiaBrunfelfii.i.CrafluIa vulgaris. Minor, i.Cbelidonium minus. Minor xmperiti,i. Cbondrilla bulbofa. Peregrina,6i 1. Pc'regnna altera, Quibufdam ChriflqpborianadnSa. Sambucifolio. Scutellaria Cortufi florc albo &purpureo. Scytalion,i.Cotyledon altera. n ^ aaiccra * 7i Se clten, 2 5 2. Secacul Arabum Rauwolfio i. Syfarum Syriacum. 61 8 784 ibid 380 6n 606,607 744 -ovt-nui /liapum j Anguilara, i.Pallmaca marina. Quurundani at eircnie Polygonatum vulg, Sccale majus vel vulgatius. Minus, 1129. Latifolium & &iiiyum. Secamone iEgypriaca. Sccuridncaji.Hedyfarum. Articulata major & minor. aca articufata,».Sesb.in. TEgyptiaca vuiofj,i.Sophera Alpini, Minima,ibid. Montana Matthioli, Peregrina Clufii- Sedum amarum,i.Aloe. herba. Alpinum gramineo folio. Alpinum grandifiorum, Alpinun laciniatis Ajugte foliis. Al^mum j 6. H 0t e pa |l ido A.pinum rubro flqtc-flia<>no. Alpinumvillo'fum'. , ^ Ahcttiin MKiulenwq-sfelia,# Alteram flare farpureo odontu. 732. BuplturiioJium., 1 r - 4 S“WveW wu lc.i. Sutatiote, five Mfl.tari, Aizcide/. Mrjus alcerum flore allibwite 11,3 Majus vuigare.7j©. Maiimum vemtkulatum. Mmimuin vermiculatum arborefeeus. Minus zilivum. Minus moiuanum flare rubro Minus bimotodcs. Monfpelienfe & Pyrenxumlaciniatum. Montanumrubrum tomcntofum. Montanum Encoidcs. Paluftre fiye atvenfeflore rubenre. ■ *etta»um montanum luteum. >• PoSnd!cum!' U " f0li “ m aifgoflifbKnm. Saxatilevariegato florc. SajatieatroruflenTibiis foliis, ^5.,. ,bu Tridafiylitcs teciotum .i.Paronyelda. •*' lit Temum p,olcoridi S) i. Illeccbra. • . - Veimicularumacre:.Idem. .. rr- , »5!^. R ^ S i - 0 fe a fet6tnMrtcifc. , 44 i 1287 e 99 1128 ibid 166,387 1087 i<788 ibid ibid 1092 ibid 1 5 * 737 ibid 739 738 737 736 730 ibid 73 * 73 * ibtd 7 39 7 JS 735 7}9 73 * 73 ? ibid 737 731 507 *381 o,, „ nV r ^ lealter ' J,erm ' ^iagoMoofpeiienfium.i.Cafflphowca pj.^.^^l^A MufcuffcUvatiwia ’ Phnil’s *' 8l ‘ r C;v . lal f > ' no i , ‘ S m ufn vertaicnfatuniA Selfn ,"5 fiml " rugfllmenfi^Eribii Sabin's fifijfii aelcniris quibufdam,l.Lltnaria minidla'. ' cIinon&SeIonogonon,i.P*onia. '■ bclmamd u lce )9 26 ) ,«84. Hor,c n e,;.Pe, ro re!inBm: . 4 cregunum peunum Clulttjpap. ' 5ec«ndaht, JCgetale,931. Sii foliis. : h ,v : 1 • .»••• Sativum. ■ 1 i... ' Sel,liga,i.SaIiunca. rr- ■ • : • :r Semen Canaricnfc,h'fbalaris. ' Cumbricornm, »! u s 1 1 !.. Leoninum,i.Leontopetalon.' ’ T '> ’« Sanfium, ' r- 1 ... 1, Zedoaria & Zinar. >• ■ Sememina, idem, 102. Seminai/s,i.PoFjrgohUm. ‘ Semper viyum amarum,i. Aloes herb?. MajuSji.Sedum majus. Minus primum Dodomi.i.Crafrula minor; , oena Alexandrina,225. Italica. r Scnclle & fru^tuj Senelforum Que'rcetani. Fa»tida,67i Jncana,i.Erygerunatomenrofiim. Major,i.Iacobara. • s ‘™°n“ lanvenlis.i. CarduusBencdigus. Momanus. /n.-ix -ic • ... Ssntit,j,R lt bur 1 i«ij J Ganisp'.RqaCajiina. 927 ibid 9 Z 3 J 18 104 683 102 444 * 5 * 7 ?x 735 ibid 1026 787 672 ibid 670 6 7 z 671 672 671 1015,10ao ScntloJapatbum J < Indtx Lativut . Seutlolnpathum Baubino & aliis,i. Spinachia. 7 jo Seutlomalncbeeadem.ibid. Seucloftaphylind.i.BctariobraRomans 394 iJ 5 ° *544 l,6oy 774 269 ibid 97 776 416 392 1:44 Septifollum five Heptnpliyllon,i.Tormentilla. Ser monunam Cxfalpmi,i.Siler montanum. Scrapias Orchis & ejus fpecies. Seraphim fle Serapinum gummi vi officinis. Sercanda Indis,i.Santalum. Scricum Galc:n,»5 1. Scnola,i.Endivia. Scriphium Ablintbium Fuchfiu,i. Sophia Chirurgotum. Gcrmanicura Trago.i.Eadem. Diofcoridu Lobelio,i.Abrotonum fxmina Narbonerife. Scris Diofcoridis,774. DomcflicaLobehi,i.Incubum fativum.ibid Scris picris & fyIveftris,i.Cichorium fylvcftrc. Serpenc.iria quibufdam,i Echium. Mas Fuchfii, 1. Billorta radicc magis intorta* Fxmina,i. Biftorca radicc minus intorta. Brafiliana triphyllos. Mijot Lugduncnfijji.DracuncuIusi Minor.i.Dracuncuius minor fire Arum. Secunda Brunfdfii J i.OphiogIofi'nm. Tcrtia Brunfdfiiji.NummuIaria. Serpentina & SerpentariaanguQifoliamajor & minor. Matthioltj.Holoflium idem. Quibufdam,i.Plantago marina. FoJiis Scorfoncrx,i. fecunda Brunfelfii. S e rpyllum acinarium Gefnerl,i.Vaccinium paluftre. Citratura, 8. Flore albo. Latifolium birfutum, 8. Majus vulgare. Mofchatum»ibid. Narboncnfe. Pannonicum Clufii,8. Sylvcftre five Zigis Clufii. Vulgare minus,8. Verficolor five Aurcum, Scrratula minor quibufdam,i. Chamxdrys. Plir.ii flore albo. Purpurco,474. Tinftoria; Scrta & Scrtula& campanap. Mdilotus. Sertuh Regia, i.PolygaU Valentina. Sefama & Scfamum veium,2j4. Germanicumfif minus. Sefamoidcs in Anricyra,2i $. Magnum Cordi,i. Hellcboraftcr maximus. Magnum Lacuna & Cxfalpino alrerum, i. Rtfeda vulgaris 832. Magnum Salamanticum Clufii. 6 y 7 Minus Diofcoridis. 11 5 Minus Clufii,8:3. Majus Ghino,i.Refeda. ‘bid Majus Lugdunenfis,i.TratOHraie. Minus Lugduncnfis.i.Sanamanda fecunda Clufii* Magnum Diofcoridis Dalcchampio,i. Alypum. *®° Parvum Cordi & Gefneri,i.Hcllcborus niger ferulaccus, Gcfncro vero Gratiola. 111 Parvum Salamanticum Clufii,637. Parvum Matthioli,i. Chon- drilla Sefamoidcs llore compIetoCamerarii,7 87. Sala- mantica alterum Clufii Bauhino,i.RefedaLinarix folio* 825 Quibiifdam Lobelio Betonica aquntica. ^ 1 J Se.sban Aig\ptiorum ^Ipini,io88. Simili$,i-Anil fiveIndicum.601 Sefeli itchicpicum herba Matthioli,i.LibanotisTheophrafti. 908 .Altliiapicuinfrutcx, 907. Apulum. 9©5 AEthiopicum alreru Catner.fivc vulgare .i.Libanotis Thcoph.908 AF-thiopicum Cxfalpino,i.Ptrfohata minima. 581 Cicutxfolioglabrum.pdf, Crtticum majus & minus. 905 Majus lutcum. ibid Crctcnfe nodofum,9<>7. Creticum Fuchfii,i-Meum vulgar.889 Mafiihenfe Fcrulx five Fxniculi folio Diofcoridis. 903 Mafiilienfe alttrum, ibid. Montanum Cicutxfolio glabrum 905 & hirfutum,907. Mcniar.um primum Clufii. 908 Paluftrelattefccns, 90*. Pdoponcfiacumrccentiorum. 9O7 Pcloponenfe alcerum,9o8. Pratenfe Anglicum & Monfpel.90 * . Vcrbafcum Ud 8 £9 Tcnuifolium. ~ * ib^d Setanium.i.Tritictim trimeftre. 1122 Sfcrro cavollo,i.Ferrum cquinum capitatum. 1092 Comofumjiopi. Gallicum,io9 2. Majus & minus. 1091 Gcrmanicum ibid. Pohceracon. ibid Siciliana,i.Androfa*mum majus. 57 7 Sida Thcophrafli,i. Althsea paluftxis, 307. Sider etium Mali gra- nati femina denotnt. 1381 Sideritis Anglica ftramofaradicc,i.Panax Coloni Gerardi. 587 Achillea,^3. AlpinaHyflopifoiia. 588 Altera Clufii, 584. Altera Diofcoridis Dalcchampio,& aliis, i. Ruta Canina. 6 ii Ajfines Triffaginus foliis. 58 6 Alrcra five fecunda Matchioli,Cordi & Thalii : i. Cannabis fpuria. • 6c o Altera pumilis. Arvcnfislatifolia glabra. 587 Arvcnfis rubra,ibid. CxruleaThaIii,hGratiolacxruIea. 222 Glabro oblongo folio. J87 Germanicaparva,586. Hedcrulx folio. 589 HcracIcaC ratevx,i.Gcranjum Robertianum. 711 Hcraclea AEtii,i. Alsflum Galeni. Hcraclea Columns ,i.Stachys fpuria, 49 Hcr,clca Dioicondis Donato. Hcraclea Fracaflorii,i.Sc!atc 3 , Heraclea five marina Dona:'', i Saluifol mm ejuldcnr. Hercules Camerai :i & Clufii,i Herba lujaica five Tctrahit 1 : cr- baiicrum. ^,,8 lcaloium,78 1. Lacflima Fuclifii i.Batbarea, 820 Lanflima PIinii Gcfnero,i.Pulmon.'>ria Galli.ium. IVLarina b Uni fcJi.i, McnpelrenfisLi btlii,^8y. Jilortana A pul a verficolor. SJocntis montana Hifibpjfolia.i.Mencrnr. Lcbdii. Parva procumbeus Prima Dir fcorinis.i. Herba Tucaira. Prima Matthioji.i Marrubitim aqiuiictim. Prima TJnlii i.Stachys paluflr-is. Fratenfis lutca Lugdnnenfij j.EricoidcS lutcum Thalii. Pratenfii rubra Lugdunenfis,i. Eufragia altera. Querno folio. " Secunda Diofcori j.s,i. Sanju.forba. Matt 1 ioIi,i.Sciophularia. 5 8 4 Tcrtia Diofcoridis Dodonxo & aliis,i. Geranium Robcrcianu r, 7 * * Vulgaris Clufii, 585. Column.a,i.Diapcnfia vel Sanicula vulgar is. SideritidisfpeciesDodona»o,i. Cardiacs. Sigillum beatx Maria; Cxfalpino,1 Hellcborine. Sigillum caprx & Sigil! um Li mnium. Dodonsiji Bryonia nigra. 180 Sigillum SalomdnisvfdePoli^onatum. 6 g6 Silaus Se^ilaum Ilinii Anguilara, i.Sium majus Cxfalpino, & O- tariapaluftris. Quibufdam,i.Sefclialte:um M.iffilienfc. 908 Silenc Thec!phrafti,Aldroandro,i Mufcipda rubra Lt btlii. Siler atbor Pjjnii Anguilara,i,Salix rotundifolia Cxfalpino,&Evo- nymus. Quibuldam I.ugdunenfi,i. Alnus nigra baccifera. Aitcium prntenfCji.Sefcli pratenfe. Creticum Camcraiii,i.Libanotis T! cop! rafli Apii folio. & Ligtiftjcum folio Cictitx. Montanum "i ra:i & Lobclii,i.Sifcli 0 sofficinari)m. So,i.Ammi pjrvum. 913 LomcerOji.Cicutaria fatua. Siuin aquaticun),i.Paftinacj aquatica. 1240 AUerum Tragi,i.Anagallis aquatica. j 2 7 S IMajus altcrnmanguflifolium. i’ 4I Erucs folio. Major Dicfcoridisji 240,' Minus. ibid Minus alterum, I2 .j E 3 tifoIium,i;Majus. 1242 Minimum Noli me rangere diftum. 124 1 Odoratum Gefneri& 1 halii. 1142 Gdoratum Trago & alii*. 9 ,. Olufatr:folio & Oiufatn facie. ibid Vcrum Camerario. ibid Terreflre. Sniilax Theophrafli Trago, i.Dulcamara. 3 <0 Arbor.i. Taxusquibufdam. Theophrafli & Arcadum,i.PhclIodtyosrpecicsLugdnnen£i. 1598 at iltcxs Baubino. 0 /bid Smilax afperj baccis nigris, 17;. Baccis rubris. ibid Lxvis major albus. Afpera Peruana,i.Sarfaparilh. , 7 fi Afpera Tragiji. Lupulus. 17 $ Arbor glandifera & baccifcra. ,, q0 Mortenfisji Phafiofu x -, xo _g Theophrafli Trago,i.Dulcamara. 3oy Smyrnium Matthioli & alterum,i.Hippofelinum. 929 Horienfe Trago,i Imperatorh. 9 . 2 Cor do,i, Angelica. Lacuna & Fu:fcfio,i.Lcvifticum vlilgtrc Creticum l9 3o. Vulgare. 949 Dz nloyari* opinionej. 97 / Smyrriza &■ Smyrnizufa. 9 . y Snagioelnotbx Anglic Cornuticacodxmonii. 42I Soda,280. Solarisherba,i.Heliocropium. Sol Iudunus.i.Flcs folis. Solanifolia Circxa Bauhino. , y t Sol in umaiborcfcens,i Dulcaimrc. , yo Fruiicofum bacciferum vcl Aroeririnum,i.Pfeudocapficutn Dodo- n^i five AmomumPliniiacceptum,i j 1 Quibufdam,i.DuIca. mara. * Helnacabum,i.AJkakcngi. Hbrtenfe Ca?falpini,i.SoIanum pomiferum berbariorum 3 j2 Jndicum veficariuin Camcrarii,i. Alkakengi. vel Halicacabum Indicum,463. Indicum urabcllifcrumfairfutura. ?a 7 Lignofuro,i Dulcamara, ^ Let hale, 3 4 7. Magnum rubrum Virginanum. it>id Mexicanum parvo Bore five Mirabilis Pci iumj minor. » 4 8 Pomiferum herbariorum Lobelii. ,- 2 Pomiferum fru&uoblongofi.Mala Infana. , ^. Pomiferum fru&H rotunda flrutoduro. ,b jd Pomiferum Indicum folio rotundo. . y y Quadrifoliumbacciferum,i.Hcrba Paris five tctrapbyllon. ?o 1 Rubrum. i.Dulcamara. Scandenseadem. ibid 330 Sommferum Lobelii, 345. Somnifcrum alterum. \ 47 Somniferum antiquorum veiurn. Spinofum fruftu rotundo live Pomum Hiericonteum Imperati, J } 14 - Spinofum alcerum, five Datura & Stramonium. Tetraphyllon,i.Hcrba Paris. 3 // Triohyllium Atrcricanum. * Tubcrofum Bauhuu,i.Bactatas Viioinianorum.Veficarium 1 * 9 Alkakengi. w * 461 Veficarium Indicum. 6 Veficarmm percgrinum,i.Pifum cordatum. ,, ? 7 Vulgare & baccis rubris. 3 Soldana & Soldanellamaricima major, Alpina five Montana,ibid. Vulgaris, ,b,d Solea equina,i. Ferrum equinum. 1 o 0 ’ Solidago five Confolida & S\mphitum. ^,. Gcrmanica filiquofa. ' / ^ Mcdia,i.Bugula,j2f. Minor quibufdam,LPrunclU a!*is Belli/ minor. Sarafcmcaex Anglia Camerarioqux fitDrabalutea,& Solidago Getmariicafiliquofa,8j2. SaraftnicaLomceroji. Sciratula. Saiaren;c,vcra,539. Sarafcnicamajor. jbid Sarafimica five Gcrmanica filiquofa. jbid Sarafenica altera five tertia Tragi. , Q S.vafcoica fivcfccunda Tragi,i Lyfimachiapurpureafpicata. Sarafcnica Gerardi pi ima,i. Cunyza pluflrrs r j, j Gcrrardi altcra,i.Gcnnanica filiquofa. Solftqiiiu|n,T. Hrliotropium. Brunfelfii.i.Cu-liorM frlveflri.. Solfitora.i.Ros fulis vtl Rofa fobs. Sonchus Africanm lpin-'fus,8o4. Alpmus cjeruleus. 8or ArborefcenSjibid. Arborefccns puniceo bore. S14 Angultifohusmaririmus, 8o 7 . Afpermedius fylveftrisIacinia- tus> 8o 9 . Stcflatus SyJvaticus Gerardi^ 11 . b-.lvaticus Tabermonrani. ibid VaIdclactniatus,8o5. ViUofusluteus major & minor. 800 Sonchoachoream.SGp Sonchiscognara Gelnero.i.Lampfana Sophia Chirurgorum,Cordo Gcfnero & aliis Tfabetrum ' Sophera Alpini,io 3 8. Sorballell.i,i.Sangmforb.i. * Sorbus Angltcus fylveftriSji42o.Aucoparia ; i.SylvcftrJs. + Aculcata Cordi,i,Spina appendix Plmii. * 1016 Alpina Gefneri,i Aria Theophrafli vulgo difia, j . / 1 Domeifica velSativa & legitima 142©. Gallic 1. ,., r Sylvcftris&Sylvcftris Alp.ua,i.Ornus. g Torminalis Gallorum,i.Aria vulgaris. 1421 TorminalisPlinit & vulgaris. j Sorghum, 1137. Spannchia & Spinacbia. Sparganium ramofutn & non ramofum. x ^/ ' Ramolum Virginianutn,i 206. Dodonasifl. Iuncuspaluftris fl 0 ri- dus,!^?. Kudhiji.Xyris five Spatula fetida. I lake Clulio,i.Bulbus Liliflorusalbus ignotus Spartum & Spartium ffutex H.fpanicum flore luteo & albo. 231 Creticum,2j 3, Hifpamcum monofpermon flore luteo & a(bo,*" Fruticofum aphyllum Lobelii five 3culeatutn,i. Erinacca Clufi^ Bauhino Gcnifta fpartium fpinolum. ’ lc0 1 Grxcorum,233. Spinofum Cfcticnm. Spinofum Creticum aliud. . , Spinofum Syriacum idem. Spartum frutexproSpairo herba vcl Iunco a mulrir accrptum 21 a Sp.artopnmo affinu,i.Pfcudofpartum Hifpanicum. Spartum her bare! IuncuiAnglicum & Bencumparvum. 119, BafibenfecapiUacco folio. 1 \\ Aufliiacum,i 199. Latinorum& Grxcorum. Marinumnoftras & noflrjs alterum. • lf Minimum Anglicum, 1199. Narbonenfe. “ jbid Plimi primum &alteruta, Quartum Batavicum Clufii. 1199. Varietngum. ibid Spatha,i.Dai.Xyris. 2 , Speculum veneris majus& minus. Spcltajii24. SpergulafaginaLobelii. Spergula marina eadem cum Amhyloide Thalii & Kali albo minima 280. Spcrmacxri. 1 ^ 0 Spbacelus,anthorum de 1II0 opiniones. Sphagas Pliniifi Picece refina. 2 \ * Sphagnus Plinii,i.Mufcusquernus. Sphondilium &Spondiliumalterum Diofcorsdis, 95 . Alpinumglabrum, Alpinumparvum. Gerraanicum five majus. Hirfutum foliis longiaribus. J ' L.iciniatis foliij, ° * v ulgarc. 9U SpicaCclticafivcNardus Celcica. Ccltica altera. Indica five Nardus Indica aut fpica Nardi. - Trifolia Lflucacea & altera. j I09 Italica,i,Lavcudula. ^ Spina Ac icia. If Acidai,i.Bcrberis. Acuia,..Spina appendix Plimi,vcl Spina alba biflora 8c vulgaris, rEgyptia,,. Acacia. Acuta humilis. Acuta vulg,Trago i.Arbutus. \c].6 Alba, i.Acantbium vulgare. Alba Dalechampiij.Eryngium planum. Alba & Arabica Lugduncnfi & abis^.Carduusglobofus. 973 Alba Inclex Lattnus, I?2 9 Alba Diofcoridis, i. Ruthro. A!ba five acuta quibufdam Oxyacantha THeophrafli* 1026. Apendix Plinii,ia2y. Hutnilior ibid. Acuta biflora Bmtanica. ibid, quibufdam Berbcris. 1016 AliisOx\acanthos Galeni.ibid. & Oxyacantha Diofc. & 1559 Arnbica Dodonaei,i.Carlini. 971 Borda. Cervina & Ccrvalij,i.Rhamnus Cithariicus.244 Chrifli quibufdam,!. Acacia. 1 C49 Chrjfti CsfalpinOji.Scorpius fecund us Clufii, 1003. Aliis.i. Pa- iiurus. Cnrina vcl lutea Gcfneii.i. Carduus Solflytiilis. 99 0 Hirci, i. 1 ragacancha,997. Aliis, i. Rhamni alia fpeciesDio¬ fcoridis. FulloniaDiofcjriJis.i.Hippophacs authoris opinione fit Galalli- vida Cretica Belli vel Tithymalus maritimus Creticusfpino- fus. ip 8 IanaliSji 008. Infc&orij,i, Rhamnus folutivus. 243 Infeftoiia pumila prjma. 244 Infe&qria altera Clufii,i. Lycium Italicura. ion lud.iica,i. Paliurus. Launorum vel Latinis Plinio.i. Spina appendix ejufdem Maruca lcalis,ifRhamnus primus Diofcoridis. i c o8 Mollis,i. Carduus mollis & Cirfium. 96a Muralis vej murilis,!. Myacaniha vcl Carduus ftcllaris. 9 9 ° Muurina,i Ru'cus. 253 Pcregrina Dodonziji. Carduu* fp h as rocep talus five globofus. p 7 8 Purgatrix Anguilara Hyppoptaes forte Diofcoridis. * 97 Rcgta Theophrafiid.Rulcus. 253. Sanfta 1008 Sclanitis Theophrafti Guilandino,i. Virg3 paftoris. 985 Solftitialis ; i.Carduus Solftrialis. ppo Solftitialis altera Dodona:o,i. Iacaealutcacapitulisfpinofis. 474 Stella Tabermomani.i. Carduus ftelbtus. 990 Spinachia,7f°. Baccife r a,i. Atriptex baccifcra. 747 Spinaftella Louiceri i.Carduusftellaris. ppo Spina vcrteta,i. Berberis. Spinus,i. Pranus fylveftris. 1 °3 J Plinii,i. Pyracantha. ^ I S 4 p SpiraeaThcophr.ifli Clufio. 1436 Lugduncnfi.i. Viburnum Matthioli. 1443 Spirit us Vibi. 1558 Splenium,i. Afpleniumi 1046 Split &Splithii. Fumaria lutea. 2 po SpodiumGrxcorum & Arabum. Vcrum & Antifpodium. 1638 Spongia raafinaufualis. ,460 Infundibuli forma, 1304. Marina Anglca nodofa. 1305 Spongia ramofa Britanica Lobelii. ibid Ramofa fiftulofa Veneta. ibid Spinofa minima Coralloides arbufcula & altera, ibid Spongiolarofarum. i* 20 Sponfa folis Thalio,i. Rosfolis. Squamatia & Squamata Loniceri,i. Dentiria major Matcfiiolh 1363 Squinanthum. * J 4J Stacffys Cretica, 49 Diofcoridis. 47 Lufitaniea,ibid.major Germanica. ibid Minor Camerarii,4p.Minor Italica. ibid Minor Germanica Bauhino. ibid Spinofa,47^ Spuria Clufii & Flandrorunj. 4p Staae,Mp4. Staphylinus Tragi. 903 Staphylinus fylveftris TragLibid. Diofcoridis. poi StaphiIondendron,i.Nux veficaria. i 4 i 7 Staphys agria, 2 2 2. Star ice Plinii quibufdam. 1279 StaticeLugduncnfiscadcm. Americana. jz 7 p Plinii quibufdam Gcfncro, i. Geranium Batrachoide3 &,longius radicatum Lobelii. 7 o5 Stele phuros Theophtafti,! - . Alopecurosgenuina. 1167 Stellaleguminofa, 1095. Stellariaaquatica. 1258 ScellariaLugdunenfis & aliorum > i. Alchymilla. 538 Argentea Camcrani,i. Hiptaphyllum Clufii & Torminellaar- gfmea. , 94 BrunfelGi.i. Afperul.i. Matthioliji. Alchymilla vulgaris. Monfpellcnfium, eadem, Sternutameataria, i. Ptarmica vulgaris. 8 59 Stella herba.i. Alchymilla. Stirpanimans. j6i% StcebcveraTheophrafli. 479,1246 Argentea minor flare albo. 478 Auftriaca clatior & humilior. ibid Capitata Rofmarinis foliis Ponas. A.79 Diofcoridis,!. Pimpinellafpinofa. 998 Gallica, 479. FruticofaCretica Belli, i. Porerium five Pimpi- nclla tpinofa. , Fruticofa Cretica lacifolia & anguflifolia. 478 Faemina Lobelii,an Sagitwna. 1246 67 478 47 6 47 1 4 79 ' 99 ° 114 6 ibid 167 f ibrd 6 7 ibid ibid ibid ibid.689 71 ibid 1 Sjo iff ibid 5S8 1250 I 249 1250 1263 1249 1217 348 263.642 604.642 641 Peregri n a,479. Plantaginis folio. Salamantica argentia. Salamantica prima 8c fecunda Clufii. Spinofa Cretica,4 78. Spinofa fruticans eadem. Theophrafti Cxfalpino,i. Carduus ftellari#. Theophrafti Lugdunenfid.Sagittaria, Srichas Acabica& vulgaris,67. Longioribus Iigulis, Capitulis foliofis & non foIiofisj 7 1. Flore albo. Multifida vcl ferraro folio,ibid. Rofmarini facie Cretica Scrratis foliis,ibid. Viridis Dalechampii, Capitulo oblongo. Citrina Cretica,69. Cretica altera, Flore ampb,ibid. Hilpanica. Odora & inodora,ibid.Sylveftricr. Purpurea odorata,ibid. Purpurea vulgaiis. tOrax vel Styrax,i 519. Folio Acerisjibid. Rubra. Liquida,! 590,1530,1 569. LiquidaDurantisfidicia. Stramonia & Stramonium majus album & purpureum. Minus album &. purpureum & florc purpureo duphei. Scratiotes,i. Mill taris five Sidcritis. Aguatjca five Por.irrfios. Aquatica vera Diofcoridis & Aigyptiaca. Aquatica fol is Scdo tuajorc lationbus. Aquatica Diofcoridis Caefalpino. Aizoides. l3 4S Millefolia Crerica,69 5. Millefolia lutea Clufiiji. Millefolium lu c .. , tcu m. ibid Stridula Pandeftarii, i. Chondr.lla bulbofa. 784 trumaria,i. Xantbium five Bardana minor. 1215 otrumea,i. Cbdidonum minus, 618. Eft & Ranunculuspalufti Sardonius. Strumum Plinii,;. Sohnum. *>tutJ)ium,i.Radicula five Lanaria berba. Lacuna & Gefnero, i. Luteola. Fuchfio Thalio & aliis,i.Saponaria« Cordoji. Impera'oria. Quibufdam,,. Valeriana tubra Dodonxi. brruthia & Struthiomela,i.Cydonia malus. trutheopteris,i. Lonchiris afpera major Matthioli. tfycnnon.i, Solanum, 348. Diofccridis,i. Vrbanum. 1 hcophrafti quibufdam.i. Mala Infana. atrychnodciidton Lobelii.i. Pfeudocapficum. Dodon*i,j. Amonum Plinii five eadem. tyrax arbor, 1 529. & StyraxCatlamita, 1430. Rubra, Styrax liquida. J ’ Subcranguflifolium & latifoliutn, Succinuin five Ambra Garina. Non eft Populi nigri guromi. Succifa,i. MorfusDiaboli glabra 8c hirfuia. Tcrria 1 ragi,i. Hicrarium minus prxmorfa radice Lobelii. buccudus Avicenn 3 e,i.Staechas ferrato folio. 71 Succurfum five Sublidium gentium Lugdunenfi. Zeopyrum five Triticos fpcltum Lobelii five Hordeum nudum vel mundutn officinarum. 1125 Succus Cyrenaicus,i. Sylphii five Laferpitiifuccus. budar Scrapionisji. Oenoplianon fpinof*. buluc & Suluque,i. Hcrba viva. Sumach,i. Rhuisj^p, Suncs iEgyptiis.i. Nigellac Supari,i. Arcca. Superba recentiorum Lobelii. Supercilium terrar,i. Adiunthum. Veneris,i.Millefolium,63 5. Sura.,i.Virum ex Palmum. Syce,i. Pcplus. Sycamine Theophrafti^i. Sycomorus. Sy camenides,i. Excrementum Quercus Mori forma. Sycomorus Icalorum,i. Azadarach Arabum. Gallorum Bello n io,i.Morus. Rucllii & aliofBm,i,Acer majus. Verus five Ficus -^gyptia & Cypria. Sycomorus vsriisaffita arboribus. Sy mphonia,i. Amaranthus tricolor. Symphitum anguflifoliucn Apulum. Maculofum,i. Pulmonaria maruloft. Majus vulgare,523. FJore purpureo. Gallicum Clufii vcl Corij Monfpeiiaca. Cordo refertur ad Symphitum petrxum Matthioli. Petrxutn Lobelii, i. Prunella lacimato folio. Pumilumjepens Borraginis facie Lobelii five Borrigo herbariorum & lemper virens. Petrsum quibufdam, i.Bugula. Tuberofum mijus & minus. 515 Synanchica & Cynauchica Dalechampii,). Rubia Cynanchica. 45 } Syphonmum Tabermontani.i.Bromosflerilis altera. 114^ Syracum yclScrracum Athcnichfium,i. Vida vulgawsfativa, 1073 Syringa alba,1468. Arabic!Bore duplici, jbid Argenteajibid.Cxrulca, i. Lilac. ibid Lacmtauc ijoj J043 i r A ibid. I 52 f? 1569 »377 1565 1412 4.91 1617 1642 787 1050 M 97 1391 * 44 ? 1492 1492 1426 in ibid f 17 minor 7 67 t • 90 Index Laltnut, L.c.nnmfolii, > fivcPcrfic. 5 l Iaf m in Unl rtrficumdiflum. ibid Spmofa.i.Carduui fparoccphalusacutut. 1 ft '° aoK • , • ibid Tcucriuai Alpinum inodoium. 254 i ibid 1 l6 3 °! S\rj* Algyptiorum Alpincy. Oleum Sefaminum. T. *TT Abacco Anglicum,7i r. Arrericarium. Tabaxir,i.humor la&eus ex Mambu arundine. .. Tacsmahaca,i«o8. Tagetes Indica Fuchfii,i.Flos Africanus minor. Tal:». Folium Icriptonum. 1667 : Talsfle lavanenfium.i. Culcas ^gyp-iorum. Talifafat Avicenna;, 1. Macerisradicis cortex. T.'.mal abac lira & Tamalaparra,!. Folium lndicum ycrum. Tamar, i.Daftylus. Tamarindi- Tamaraca. Tam am & Tsmarifcux ^gyptiaca gall as ferens. FolnsalbiSjibid. Gallica,tiifpnnicff ; fohocenoiore. Narbonenfis. • Germ injca,i. bumilisf.lveftris & altera latiore folio. Taiuarus & Tamus,i,Bryonia ni?ra. Tame, 1. Mcringa. Tana-'.turn Africanum, i. Flos Africanus. Album Tragi,i. Pcarmica vulgaris. Amcricanum, Alpinum coma purpura cslurca Bauhino. Bzticum & Creticum. Foliis’Scorodoniz. Majus & minus Pannonicum. Majus vulgarCjio^. Minimum. Peregrinum.i 10. Pratcnfe,i. Cbamcdrys fylveflrit. Tragi,i.-Veronica major & minor. Quibufdam MatthioIo,i. Craffula major. 1 584 Thamecnemon,i. Vaccaria rubra. 273 ' Thainc,i. Fzx Olei Sefamini. 1666 Thaliftrum anguftifolium, 265, Germanicum. *47 9 Hifpanicum J a< r 4. Tralicum, ibid Majus vulgare fit Minus. ibid | Minimum,261. Montanum majus & minusalbum, Montanum fztidiffimum. Latiiolium & anguflifoliuna Tabcrmontani. ibid 1650 1 bapfi.i Fcrul* vel fcrticuli folio. S 77 . Latifoli’a Hifanica. Maxima Hifpamca,ibid Carotz folio. Fxridiflima 1 879. fhapfia Turbith,ibid. Latiore folio, 1 ubercfaradicc. Agrelif, 1. Poccntilla. Alpinum,8 2. lnodorum.i. Beilis Tanaceti folio, ibid. Crifpum. ! Theliphonoa Thcophraftj,i.Thora Valdenfum. 80 1 Theombrctoii Plinii,quibt]fdam,i. Amaranthustricolor 978 189 2 3 109 110 10S ibid 108 no *34 M 4 ibid *6 5 264 265 830 878 ibid \6 83 879 Ji8 Lanuginofum. t Minus tiorc albo velcandidis floribus. Sylveftie,i. Potentilla. Verficolor. Tanaccto cognata Hcrbula Gefncro i.Alpinum. Tapfus barbatu r .,i. Verbafcum. Taraxacon, i. Lens Lconis vulgaris. Tarchon,71. Sylveftrc fi e Aqiucicum Gefncri.i. Peat mica vulgaris. Targum ; 7 * Tarton rairc Lobelii & Monfpclicnfiuoi. T ai tarnm vim, Tamifli.i. Tuberes terrz. Tarum Cordo,i. Lignum Aloes. Tataria Vngarica Clufii, JTatula Turcarum,i. Datura minor. Tavarcare,i. Coccus de Maldiva. Taura Gcfnzri,i. Lunariaminor itcmquc Thora, Taurina,i, Lychnis fylveflris. Taurion,i. Lychnis lari va. Taxus arbor,* 41 2.Tedaarbor. Tclpphia medicamenta vnde fic difta. Telephium Diofcoridis Scorpioidcs Matthioli, Colutani,!. Capparis fabego. Floribus purpureis. Imperati,7 27. Hifpanicum,i. Orafluiamajor Hifpanica. Lacun.-.ji. Cochlearia rovundifoiia. Meculolum Camerarii,! Corinthe, Minus repens,i. Cepsa Pancij. Minus florc purpurancc. Vcterum vemm Guilandino, i. Scorpioides Matthioli. Telephyllum Cratevz ,i.Scorpioidcs Matthioli, Tdiplionon Tlieophrafli. Tembulji. Folium Indum q iibufdam, Tenga,i Nux Cocus & Tcnganiaran,i. Cocus max arbor. Tcrdina Brunfclfii,i. Valeriana major, Tercbinthus. anguftifolia & latifolia. Anguftifolia Indies, lndica,i. Nux Piflaclua. Rcfina Tcrebinthina. Tercbintha vencta ex Laricc fob. Tercnjabin & Trunlchibin,i. Mannae Iiquidz genus, Terpentaria,i Betonica aquatica. Terra crepola Czialpini,i.Sonchus Icvis anguftifolius. D.ilcchampiiLugdanenfi, i. Chondrilla czrulca, T err a crifpa G c finer 1. Terra merita.i. Curcuna. Terra? gl.mdes, 196,1061. Americana. Terra: venenum. Terra: umbilicus,i.Vmbilicus Veneris. Terra Lemnia & Sigillata. TertioU CarfaJpino Sc Teiziola,i. Stachys paluflris, Tertionaiia Lugdrnicnfis,i. Lyfimachiaczru'ea galcriculata, Tefliculus canis, i. Orchis Hircinusii. Tragorchis. Morionis,i. Orchis Mono Mufcarius,i. OrchisMofcam referent. Odorati!s,i. Triorchis. Palmin',!. Orchis palmyra. Saccrdotis, i.Chclidonium minus. Tetrahil & Tetrahit,i. Merbaludaica. Tetragonia,i. Evonymus. Te^ralix Athcnienfium.i.Erica. ibid 859 *99 MJ 8 1319 9 yo *599 *U 5 720 xi 18 1024 726 *77 726 318 1584 *597 124 *526 ibid * 4 l 7 1 5 *7 2 49 *533 * 59 * 6ij 806 787 806 ibid £18 588 2 4 l »7*.I +8* I 44 S »>4 318 S .4 6x ibid j Theodonon,i, Pzonia. Thcfpic Turcarumji.Azcdcrach. 81 j lhenacanaji yaleriamamajor. '- L ;J Theriaphonon,i. Thora. Tbefion Da!echampii,i. Laftucafylveftrit. Tnlapfus, i. Tbapfut barbatui. Thlcafpi Alcjtandrinum,849. Alpinum majus & minus capite ro- tundo,84 j. Alpinum repens. 843 Aliobrogum Clufii, 841 Album fupinum TabermontaBi, 844 Amsrum Lugdtincnfi, 870. ArvenfcIuteum. 838 Aivcnfe perfoliacum m.ijuj. 837 B1 feu tat um Camerarii, 84^, Bifcutatum villofum flore calcart donato,ibid 1683 Crericum umbcHatum majui. Creticum umbellatum Acre albo odorata. Clypeatumarborefcens Creticum. Clypeatum afiperum majus Sc minns. Clypcatum minus Serpillifolio. Clypeatum Hicratii folium majus. Draba: foIic,8( 5. Fatuum Gcfneri,i. Burfa paftoris. Fruticcfum Hilpanicum. Fruticofum Lcucoii folio anguftifolfum & latifolium. Fiuticofum fpincfum,ibid. Hederaceum. ^ Grxcum Lobcl,i,8 ? 9. Incahum Hi&anicum.i. Eruca peregrina B-.Q __ r i [ 848 S46 8 49 8 60 839 S41 g 4 { 816 844 841 ibid 845 844 »37 840 841 8 4 8 8 38 837 "39 834 ibid 846 845 ibid ibid 687 84^ ibid 848 Clufii,838. Hederaceum, Incanum Mechlinienfe, Lunaris foliis Lobel/i. Magnum,i, Raphanus Rufticanus. Majus,83 7, Muhridaiicum,8 3 5. Montanum minus. * Montanum Glaftifolio majus & minus. Montanum Iuteum majus & minus. Montanum minimum. Monranum carnofo rotundifolio. Montanum Temper Virens. Narboncnfe Centunculi folio. Oleraceum. Parvurn faxatileflore rubenre. Pannonicum Culfii. Perfoliatum minus. Perrzum Myagioides Ponz. Saxatilc Polsgalz folio. 844. f axatile rotundifolidm, Semper virens Camerarii biflorum. Spanofpermum Amcricanum. Vaccariz folio,83 y. Va C cariz incano folio. Vcronicz folio,844. Vmbellatum arvenfe Vmbcllatum Iberdis folio, ibid. Vmbellatum Naflurtii folio. MonfpeJienfium. jjjjj Villofum Capitulis hirfutis. g. Thlafpidion Cratcvz,i.Alliaria, * *3.Cornutum Tragi.cadcm ibid Thora Italica,3 15. Valdenfium. Thracia radix. Thranpalos Theophrafli Lugd. Luedunenfis,i.Sambucus aquatica. Thus five Olibanum.x6oa. Thusludzum. Thryallis Diofcoridi,^. Thridacinc,i.Laftucarylv. Thuja Mafljlienfium. Thoja odorata,i. Oleaftcr Ctppodocicui. Thrumbri &Thrubi,i. Thymbra. Thuris limpidi folium Lobelio. Thylacitis.i. Nardusmontana, & Gentiancllavernaminor. Diofcoridis,i. Semen Papaveris albi. Thymbra alrera Lobelii,i. Satureia hortenfisperennis, Crct ica & legitima Clufii & aliorutn. Cretica vera Alpino. Agreftis. Vera Sanfta luliani Lobcliijibid.Legitiina Alpino. 3*7 ibid. 1028 * 44 * 1236 367 6 5 6 i6 7f Saciva Indix Latum. *73 Sativa>6. An fit Satureia. ' 5 Sylveftris Anguilara. Thymelaea vcra, 200. Minor five Cneorum MartfiiolP TJhymus & Thymum qapitatpm vel Creticum. ■Durius,6. Candidilis. ' - Inodorum,ibid. Lcgitimum,i. Capitatum. 5 6 ibid 6 ibid ibid ibid. Magnum Alpino, i. Trago'riganujn, cercium Lati folium Clufi' Thryflclium five Apium fylveftre. Tigmar Indisk. Turbith officinoruro. Til,i. Arbor aquam fundens. Tilia mas & fatmjna. Tm&oriuS flos Tragi,i. After Atticusltalorum. Tinftorium granum Avenionenfe.i. Lyciuni Callicum. Tindlorkimgranum officinarutn,i. GijWa.Chermcs Tinearia,i. ^taschascitrina. Tinus,i. LaurusTinusSylvcftris. , Tiplia vide Typha. -r Tithymalua arborcusji87. Aryenfis, Arveniis anrluui. ' Amygdaloides anguftifoliuj. C) aracias anguftifolius. Characias Monfpeiicnfium ferratus. Characiasfoliolanuginofo. • ■ 1 Characias Jcgitimus Clufii. Characias tcrtius AuftriacusClufik ' ' Cypariflias maculatis folii$. Cypariflias vulgaris. Dendroidcs. i 3 ^. Exigmisfaxatllis. Farmina, 189. Helidlcopitii. Jnanushirfutus. " i Xatifolius Hifpanicus. jLeptophyllos, 19 j.^inifolius Paralio cdngcncr. Lunato flore Column*. Maritimas Creticus fpihofus. Maritimui Vcneius. Myrfinitesincanuj. 1 M.rriresIc^inmus.i.FieminaDiofcoii^ir.iS^.^MyrtitcsVal^ci' r.us. i.Scyrar. Mpnfpelienfi. . ibid Paluftns five Efula major Gcrmanica. .188 • Pineafivc nuritimus. PlatophyllosjiBp. 6erratus;i.CharacijjMonfpclicnfi. SoJifcquius.ijHeliofcopium. Tuberofus five Apios tuberofai Tubcroliis oblonga radicc. • : Tuberofus alter Germanicitf'. • . .. TomentariaTomentia & Tomcntirtu Cdt 4 'hh Gnaphalium vul- ' gare minus. ' 1 v xs- Tora.i. Thora. Tordylium,i.Se r eli Creticum, v Gordo,i.Meum vulgarc. *'' r ITormcntilla Alpypina major. Candida Oa^haropni j jrjj, Tpta bona, i. BonusHcnricus. Tptocka American?. * ov TjcBcicfiiJt^iddenWuTfiiiiXbora. - i: '* 1 [Traahclium foliis Echii.646. Mai mB elo-arum. t- ! Montanum Tragopogi foifik. J • 7 Jkcrzum maius&mmus’Mid&bftini' ' 928 1610 16 5 5 * 4°7 78 *?5 189- 187 187 j8 6 189 ibid * 9 ? 192 194 188 189 188 :? 7 5 184 ibid 187 189 194 ibid ibid. ilP’ , .V A ' 687 908 889 ibid iti-d W/ 1040 ,18 : 6 4 $ 64 j ibid 643 - jBetrzum majus & minus-_. . ;TJ • JPumilum Aipinuml®^™': , . ' SixAti^e fpicatum. ' jbid Serotinumfive Vic^G^lfifliia^a'CjerScdo. -646 .. ir_l 1 ’ - 811 i l . Spibatyrti tcmiffoliUm; jr ' . ' : ? 8n 1 < '^ubrotundis foliis, ThyrfoidcsClffiSvWjyi'ViW^feWfi^fureurriu!. Tragncantha altera feu minor Boterion form Dif^andjs. $9 4 ■ Syrra C a flavefceus'Cd^itpufaVXQsjibi^. '^yexa. " S*iium Gefnero,!. Fr^inclfif m f . Creticum Bellonii nqn Belli,i. Andropenum fas’tiduP* Diorcdn^'CWbmna^^mpinilli Saxifrage snjno^ , ; AlterumDiofcoridisLugdunenfiji. Succuc^s^ylcwirije. , ^ Secundum Diofcoridis quibufdicup^^| Atrialeif Tfagbn veierum,i.Hirculus Clufii. • 1,or,; ' 1. . Tteagem vulgare^. Jarguqa fi^ve Tar^qj^at Dcacupcuf^Thorcpnfis; 6 45 4«}6 ^4 5 .5195 947 e vel Dradtf het_ . , Msttbioli. 1034. <^ibufda^K 3 ^i^itiml ,. roj^i a 8f. Tragus quibufdam, i. Scorpios Wibr'TWdfiparauu ^cprpius alier i ' " Theophiafti,aliisDpro^idynr^P'f^SliisTHora'' ', a j.8 f>i«Jcoridisveru9a iBtUtiis^yva inatinaf: 7 ; .Ccteaiis Galcm & PlinBj^Wi!.' C&fai'tiK giiAaji^Xi ^ T :-> t belio. . .. ion-i.iii. i.5T«».r - , T , >tugdunenfi 4 i. T riticum loci '-Htfb'i! G6rdo,f. Verifilt ‘' vulgaris,720. Falcatum, 1137 dFalcatum Creticum Alpmo, 109^. Fibrinum Tabermontano. i. Tritolium paludofumji2i3.Hircinum. ibid Fragiferum Fiificutn,i to8. Fragiferum Lufitanicum. 1109 Fruticans i. Iafminum luteum vulgare. 1466 Globofocnpite, 1108. Globofum rcpcns. ibid Glycyrrhizites, 110 y.Halicacabum Camerarii,i.Vcficarium.i 194 ■ ! Heniorrhoidalemajus,uoo. Minus. ijoi Hepaticum,i.Heplu!ca nobilis. Humilc. 1107 ^talicum Corniculatum. 1687 Ruteum minimum, 1112. Maritimum Gefneri,i.Medicamarina. Moncanum Lupulinum. 1104 Montanum majus purpurcum. no, ' 'Montanum majus Acre albo. 1 10 4. 'Montanum obtufo crenato folio purpurafeente. ibid - Ociilatum Anguilarse^.Vulgare jnaculatum : - Odoiarutii;^ r y 1 . ’ Cfddvatum alterum Dodon«ei,i. Melilotus. v Odoratnm peljattim Creticum. 1111. n! 'TaludofumfivtfiPaluftie } i'2i2. Pelrariim. ma •'dtPratenfe vulgare florealbo & purpurco.' 11 it 1 ' Pratenfeminuspurpureum,! 112. PratenfcSalmanticum. iju ; Ccorpioidcs, iio^. Saxatile hirlutiflimum, ibid ' Bpicatumji.Lpgopusj 1 107 . Spjnofum. si 12 d 5 tellatum : Mbnfpelienfc, 110 8 Veficaiium Alpino. 1 r05 ' 1 Veficarium Boelio, i'i©8. Veficatiiini lieve, 1109 Veficarium afperum majus & minus. 1 110 *TrWciatella Camerarii,i.Dcns Leonis minerradicatis foliis. 780 Tririitas Matthioli Cordi Gefneri,&c. i. Hepatica ififqli'a.. Brunfelfii Tragi,&c. i. Vioja tricolor. Tirionim Theophrafii, Gaza verteme Eryfimtim, i. Tragopyrum. iM 1 . At Alcea iEgypiiacaClufio. Tiictchis. Tripolium niajus vulgare & minuR^y^.Piofcoxicjij Coiiufo,i, Va- % leriana.Jile*UaHa,* 24,Min*Geiinpnicpin.- . . . ^ 7 1 * ’ Lycnoiti* index Latum. Lycimiris coronari* folio & Ferula: folio. ibid Pn x & Lobelii,i. Amelins Virgiliicrroqie. 13 x Anguilara,!. Lcucoium marinum. 624 Triil.igoSc I rix.igo,i. Chamaedrss major repenj. 107 1 ruhales Plinii,i. Sedum minus five Verrmcularis. 7 3 J Tritico fpclrum live Zeopyrum,i.quibufdam Hordcum nudum. j'ixj Amylcum,). Olyr3,1126. Ariftismunitum. 11I9 Bafiatianum,i.M3ii«,i 135. Bovinum 1308 Crcacum,u 19. Fatuum,i. Lolium. 1146 Indicum,i, Maiz,i 139. Lcporimim,i.LagopH*. I117 Loca Lobelii, 112 x. Loca alccrum,i. Lucidum, ibid Maltiplicifpica,! 1 t^Tiphinum Dodon*i. 1ixy Tiphinumakcrum Hifpanicum,ibid. Truneftre. 1111 Ramofum, 11 ix.Spica mutica,i 119. Vaccinum. 23x8 Trixagopaluftris, i. Scordium. x jj Trollius flos,i. Ranunculus globofui. Trungibin,i. Mann* genus aliud in Perfia & Ormuz. Tubaamoris Fragofoji. Flos Colis. Tuber & Tubcraierrae,i 3 19. Cervina. ijio Tuberaria Lugdunenfii,i. Cillus annuus. 661,13x0 Tuber arbor Plinii candidum force Azndiracb. 1443 Species ejus forte Nucipcr fic*,zy i.Cordolujub* minorcs. Tune & Tunal Indisji. bjeus Indica. $84. *499 Tuero Hifpanisji. Tlapfia Caror* foliis. 878 Pubpa Bononienfis Precox,Pumila,Scrorina. 1340 Tumatle Amcricanoram G uilandino, i. Pomum amoris. 354 Tunica minima Lugdunenfis,i. Caryophyllus minimus mvuilis. 879 Tupba & Tupham Indis,i. Tambos. Turbich Thapfia fibe Thapfia Turbich. 879 Tuibrth album Sc nigrum diverforum. 190 Genuinum five ofh’cin arum. 1609 Serapionisji.TripoIium.190.674. Turiaa,i.Meringa, 1650 Turperum album & nigium,i. Turbith. 190 Tuinefol Gallorumji. Heliocxopium tricoccuoi. 439 Torrita &Turritis Alpina. 855 Major & minor. gjj, Tufiilagoj 1220. Altera Plinii,i.ScIarca. t 59 Alpina Dalechampiiji'Cacalia. ‘ Jilz Alpina folio glabro 8: cancfccntc. 1575 Alpina folio oblongo. M74 MajorMatthioliji. Pctafices. 4:0.11X0. Maxima: 168 - Montana,! 373. Vulgaris. 122 o Typha ccrealiSjt 125. Paluftris. 2 Diofcoridis Anguilara,i. Iuncus Bombycinus. iiyi Typhium Thcophrafti quibufdam,i.TuUilago vulgaris & Petafitcj. mo V. y Accaria Alpina Tabcrmoncani, i. Turrita minor five vulgatior. 8 S 3 66 3 Rubra.ji. Lychnidisfpecici. Mss ibid 1458 ibid 1129 1458 Vaccinia nigra fruftu majorc, Nigra Pannonica. Rubra Buxcis foliii. Rubra longioribus foliig. Vulgari.rnigra.14yy. Paluftria. Vaccimum Virgilii quid fir. Plinii Lugdunenfi, i. Mahalcb Quibufdatn,i. PhiUyrea. Valeriana Alpina major five latifolia. * lzo Alpina minor. ^id Alpina faxatil/s. Alpina Scrophlar* folio. Annua five atftiva Clufii. J10 Altera odoratior. 2l . Crctica > nc. Grarca. IndicafiveMexicana.nl, Major^n^. Mivoranwa. xaa Minima,ibid. Montana. n Palufirii.ibid. Percgrina Catnerarii,i. Grarca. Pccrxa,!!!.Rubra anguftifolia. Rubra Dodonari. ^id Sicula,xi4. Sylve&ris. tll Sph*rula,i. Alpina fylveftri*. i 14 ValeTun* rubra: Dodonxi fimilis,i.Limoniom Tulgare. la36 Valerianella Columnar,!. Valeriana petrara. j t . Vafrvel. i.Pavatc. Vatina fiye Batina funtRubi frudui. xoitf Vdo Indis,i. Benzoin. Vellaria.i. Lychnisfariva. g I0 Vella Galeni,i. Nafturrium iqqaticum, j 24* Veelgutta, i. OreofcUnum. Vcnenumpifcium. z . Vencnum terra:. Vcrjtrum album ftnigrUm.i. BlUkwi »liul ft nlgre, Vcrbaicutq album Macibioli, § Album vulg are. Bralfic* folio. Candidum masFuchfii. Ciftoidc .63. Coron ariuay, tychnij Coronaria; Damcum humije. Hruca: folio Lobelii. Folio Papavtrijcornuti. Folio fubrotundo. Fruticofum laciniatum, Fruticofum & lignofum LobelXi. Humilc Crcticum. Laciniatum. Mas foliig oblongis. Mai latifolium. Montanum Cordi.i. Lj«hni«ratira. •Nigrum odoratum. Nigrum Salvifolmm. Nigrum vulgarc. QgartumWaithioli.i.SaMa fruticofa Iurea aneuftifoi/a; Salvifolmm Alpmum. Salyifolium exoricum. Salvitolium laciniatum Lobelii. Spinofum frutefeen*. Sylycflrc foliis Salvi* tenecifoliar. SylvcftreMatthioli. Verbafculum,i. Primula verii & Paralyfif. Alpmum Lugdunenfi,!. Paralyfii minor. Minimum Logdunenfi,i. Scnecionui gemttMvconi. Quorundam LugduiKnfij^i. Blatinc. Foliis Salvia* tenuifoli* Syriacum. Tragi,i. Cya nus major. Verbtmc.1 Sc Verbena ma s fi vt rc aj & vu | gJr | s ; A rcrum S cnus Crefalpim, i. Marrabium .quantum; Ma(cula Brunftlfii.i. FaiminaCamtrarii CwvuIeuM rarmma Tragi,i, Irio five Eryfimum. Supina five F*min3. Hirpanicaicadcm. ibid. Ttnaifolia ircmquc Pen na, ibid. Repens Nodiflora, Supina Tragi,j.Euparorium aquaticum, Vtrbrnaca r c Sylveftris Germwica, 1073. Sylveftrk nemomrmi. Vulgaris. ^T^Sylveftrtiflorsrp^atc, ■ - ibi 4 Viftonol* 60 66 6 % 39* 69 6 f bid ibid 66 66 6% Co 6a. 630 6t ibid ibid 55 53/5 6c *74 674 67? 197 ibid • 39 * 97 ® 73 ? 7 }? 73 * 713 733 ibid 1J7? 1667 X648 3U *449 1071 1077 *073 ibid J °7? ioyy Inclex Latinus, Vi&oriola Apulei,i.HippogIoflum. 701 vi&orialis longi,i. Allium anguinum five mas;Rotunda,i. Gladio¬ lus qui & tormina. Vidaras.i. Mala Indies Acoft.r,t 5 6 Flortenlis, i. Mavria. Hifpanica, i. Lcucoium fylveftre Clufii Humida Gtfncriji. Pinguicula. 534 Hyberna & Hycmaiis,i. Hefperis. lutea.i. Lcucoium lute urn vel Chciri. Lucca Alpina Camcrarii, i. ViolaMartiaIutea. Lunaris & Junaria,i.Bulbohnch umimque. 1366 Luna Martia Virginians, 7 55. Lucca montana quibufdam Tricolor Iutea. Lutea fylveftris Tragi,i Chamsftinc My.igrum, S<$ 9 . Peregrins 646 Marina flore albo & fiorc purpureo opere ptiore. Mariana peregrina. - \ 6 4 8 Marina, 624. Martia diverforum in colorum fimplcx& multiplex operepriore.- Matronalis,i. Hefperis Horeplenoalbo & purpurante. 627 MontanaLacunato folio. Mont ana pumila anguftifoIia,ibid. Mofchatclla,i. Matronalis. Multicolor,!. Tricolor. Nigra vel purpurea,!.Martia.Paluftris Gefneri,i.Pinguicula. 534 Penragona,i. Speculum Veneris. 13 31 Perfica Hcrmolaja,i, Matronalis. Pecra?a lutea,f-. Leccium luteum. Rubra ftriata Eboracenfis. Surrcfta purpurca,ibid.Sylveftris inodora. ibid Tricolor,i. Flos Trmit3tis,7 56. Tricolor fatiya fldre dupl/ci. . 1682 _Trinitatis, 5 .Tricolor. Viola non eft Vaccinium. 75 <5 icrna, 380. Bellonio.i. Viburnum Gallorum. 1449 V'peraria & Vjpcrina,i. Scorfoncra. 4 lo Viperi.r radix ,i.Ecbium. 416 Virga a urea Americana five Virginians. 542 Anpuftifolia ferraia.ibid. Major five Vdlgari*. ibid VirgaIanalis,ioo8. Paftoris,i. Dipfacusminor* 983 Regia Caefalpini.i. Digitalis. Sanguinca,i. Cornus farmina. 1521 Crefccntioji Sycomorus. 1426 Virginalis.i. Parthenium. Vjfcavo,i. Lychnis vifcofafive Mufcipula. 634,637 Major Cameraiii, i. Sefamoidcs Saltnanriciun iriagnum Cfufii. 637 Minor,i.Ben mbrum Monfpelicnfium. 634 fin Vifearia Cretica maritima Apula. 635 Vifcus & Vifcum quercinum & aliorum arborum. 1 392 Altificiale, 1 393. Indicum. 1392 Polycoccon,ibid. Pcruvianum. ibid Viluago, 890. Viticella,i. Clematis repens. Viticella.i. Ballamina mas. Atque Bryonia alba. 180 VjtalbaDodonteiji. Viorna. 384 Vitalij,i,Sempervivum majus vulgare. 730 Vitex anguftifolia Sc latifolia. 1437 Viris alba & nigra,i. Bryoniaalba & nigra. 180 Chironia.ibid. Canadenfis trifolia. 1 ? 56 Diofcoridis fru&ifcra Sc infru SjIvcftrisMattMoii Camcr.,rii,&c i. Dulcamara, oylveftrisDiofcoridij Anguilara. 384 Sylveftws cauftica Gefneri, i.Viorua. 384 Taminia.i. Brycnia nigra, * ,j 0 Vinifera & cjus fpecies. 15 ?? Virginiana: tres fpeeb s i. Alba,c*rulea & Vtiftfna. 1 ? <6 ttnola hetba Vitrago & VitrioIaris,i.P.irietari3. 477 cx P.inii i. Scorpiui five Genifta fpinefa. iooir ' ‘maria major,?9 i.Vulgarij. Vlmus Attinia, 140?. Folioglabro. 140-* Galhca, i 4 oy. Laticre tolio. Minor, 140?. Vulgaris. ia6> Sylveftris Plinii, i.Vcrnaatla. ^ i Italica,ibid. Mentofa & excelfiftlrtia. jbiJ Vlophonon,,. Vifeum five Gummi radicibus C! amileontis nigri adbaerens. £ Vina Anguilaraji.Typhapaluftris. nol Vmbilicus mannus i. Androfacc marina forte. 1362 yenens majorLufitanicus. i.. Mattbioli & Clufii,i. Vulgaris. Alter Matthioliji. Cotyledon. 7 Pfficinarum Germanic & Italiae,i. Cymbalaria. bpecics altera Anguilara,i. Seddm majus vulgare. -, -> * errx,i. Vulgaris. Vndjuofa Germants # i. Syftipbicum .n»jus, Vneldo,.. Arbutus,i 49 a.Galcni Epimelis. nquentaria Lutetiana,i. Abrotarnum fatmina Erica folio. 70 v nguis odorarus. y Vngula Annin, & Cabalina.i.TuffiUs-o. \[ 7 * Vmcormi. , Vnifolium.i. Monophyllum. Paluflre.i. Gramen Parnafii. g a Vo!nbi!n & Volvulus,i. Convolvuluf. ^ •Afpera,i. Smilax afpera. Lanuginofa Mefuati quibufdam,i. Convolvulus ciruleus. Marina,i.SoIdanella. Ni«ra,i Helxine CifTampoIos. Terrcltris Palcchampii^i. Convolvulus major, Tertia Mcfuari,i. Lupus faliftarius. Volucrum maju5,i. Capiifolium vulture, _ TAAt Vplot Indis.i.Coftus, T', Vrceolans Vittuvii,i.parietaria. Vrinalij& Vrinaria-i. Linaria,eft & DcnsLeonis. VrucaacuIcata Bauhini,i. Cannabisfpuria,600. Afpera major. 44 i Cania Plinii five Canrna,i. Minima fylveftris. 412 Mas five Romans. 0 FatiiaThalii.i, Lamium foliisdiaculatis,6o7,F2mina,i vulp 4 ” Heraclca Herculea & Faetida. * K- Hortcnfis, i.Romana. Icalica.i. Romans. Incrs fiveMortua & nonmordd«,i.Latnium vulgare. Labeo,i. Galeoplis. Laftca,i. Milzadslla vel Lamium Lineis albis. l|os Lugdunenfijji, Major. Sylvcltris majot & miner. 44* SylvarnmLoniceri,!. Heraclca. •Urtichella Columnar ,i. Acmos latifolia. 2 3 Vfueaofficinarum & Arabum,i. Muftus arborcus* x 186 Vfuln,i. Efula. VuaCtcfpina & crifpa,i. Groflularia; 1 $6q CrifDina aliis Barberis, ‘ I55p CriFpa Tragi,i.Rhanini fpecies. Fclina vel Felum,i. illecebra. 73^ Lupina,Tragi,i. Herba Paris. 3 pi Varina major & minor. 4^1 Varina quibufdam,!. Ltnticula marinr., iz8 £ Popu!nea,i 410. Quercina. 1391 PaiTa,i ?? 7 . Taminei Plinii, i. Vi tis nigra. 180 & Staphitagria. 222. Verfa.i.Herba Paris. Vrfi GaleniClufio,i458.Dodon20,t.RibWnigr». Lugdunen: : 3 i. Pyracantha. Vulgago,i. Afarum, 2^7. Wifanck fire Wofacan Virginenfium.t. After Virginens membranaceo caule. 130 Viftneraria hetba quibuldam, i.Gentianella auturanalis Ccntauri* minor.s foliis. ' 4 0 g Ruftiea Gefneri,i. Anthyllij Icguroinofa, Vulvaria.i.Atriplex ollida. *733 fuJaria vAbraRhafii. i*°S A Xanthium,i. Lappa minor. Xiphidion,». Sparganium. 120 6 XiphionfivePfeudoacoruicxruleui Tragj.i. Iris anguftifolia Pan- nonicaCluGi. Vexum,i. Glandidus. Xyloaloc,i. Lignum Aloes. Xylobalfamum,i. Lignum Balfami, Xylocaratia 8c Xylocarada. Xylooffia fub nigra Lobclii. Xylon.i. Gofljpium. • “ n&xr " Xyloftcum 8c XyloftiuDji. Periclymcnum rc&um. Xyrif, i.Spatula fztida. Xircaft,*. Manna Gcca. 1 $64 1 1*9 I 5 8 i *114 1463 159 * x • VAyama & Yayaguafivelajama 8t Iajagua, i. Nana fire Ananas * & Pinas. j6a6 Yearn Peru,i.Inkamc fpeciei. Jj8s Yucca five Iucca Indica planca. 133 Yucca fire lucca Americana Cannabinii foliit, 16 if Z. Acyntha>i. Cichorea rctrucaria. 779 04 Zingiberalbaujji6is. Bcngilenfc, 1613.Brafilianum. ibid Chinenfc. ibii Caninuro,i. Piper Brafilianum. Ganinum etiara eft Perficaria acris. 8 Fufcuna vcl nigrum Lobclii,i. Mcchinum. ibid Fifcum alccrum,i. M echini rara varieta*. ibid Mcchinum Pona,i.Doronicum Vctcrim. ibid Sylvcftre Italis,i Anemones tylvcftrcs ad radicisforma. Zizania vcl Zifania,i. Lolium album. ir 46 Ziziphu* alba,i. Cappadocica Plinii vel OleaftcrGermaoicus. 1441 AlbaMatthioli 8c Candida Lobclio,i. Axederach. 1443 Minor, all. Rutila five Rubra, Phxnicca 5 : Punic*. ibid Zermubcrh. 16 1». Zoophira. Zoophthalmum ,i. Sedum majus. 7 ? 1 Zucca mayor rotunda 8c fylyeftri»,i. Cucurbit*. 77 ° Zythum. 11 iS FfO^fS. 1 » *735 The Table of the English Names. A. | Brecocide, or Aprecocity true. 1512 1 Acacia of America and ofcgipt. 1547 Tbe ftcond of D iojeorides. 1548 Thefalfe of Robvmr. I 5 5 0 Ackornes, fiveete and bitter 1389 T Ac Bcretine Ackprne . I £48 T be Indian Ac koine called Mehenhethenc. 15 9 8 The oily Ackyrrne. 238 The Acanacaof Tbevet. 1652 Ache is Small age. 9*6 Aconite, or Wofesbane, and the forts. 31 o.d'v. XAc wholfome Aconite or Author a. 31 / oflemfalem. 715. Thome Apples and the forts, 3 5 $ Furrwed tarte Indian Apples. 163 6. Aim# Indian Apples.ibi. /tprccocfe tree .T 512. Acjuavite. * 55 ® Wilde Arrache. 747. Arbute, or Strawberry tree. 1489 Arc hall. 1315 Archangdl^ white, red, andyellow, 6 04 Water Archer. 1246. Argyll. 155S Aron, or realty Robin. ^72 j Am ova head, the greater and the leffer. 124 <5 1 Arfmart, fbarpe and gentle, and of Virginia , 856 j Shrubbe Arfmart of Virginia, two forts. 857 | Artechockes. 937. ArtechockeTbijllff. 972 Afarum, or Afarabacca. 26 6 Afpalathm, or Spalatos, Thorniebufh. 998 Adams apple, is either the Poncires, 15 09. or AFttfa, the In¬ dian Figge, or Plantaine tree, J 49 ^ Adder wort is Snakewecde. 0 391 ddt rs tongue. 506 Afoican Marigold in my former hooky. Agrimony , /Ac/or//. 5 94 * Water Agrimony. 596 ufg/z Wf caftur, or Chaft tree. 1 4 3 7 Ague tree is Saffafrot. 1 606 Agreene is greet Houfelfeky. 730 Alec oft is Coftmary. 78 Ale ho of. 676 Aw/c. 948. Clowms Alheale. 588 Indian Alheale, bloodfxvcating plant. 1616 AHJfanders, or Alexanders. 919 Candy Aliffanders. 930 Aller,or Aldertrec , the hoary and the Jmailer fort» 1408.1688 The blacky Aller, or alder tree. 240. •Alleluj a,or Wood Sorrell. 74 6 The Almond tree, and the forts. 151 •>.Indian Almonds. 1640 The Apple bestring Almond tree", 1 6 4 2 . The Peare bearing Al- h far ague tame andprickly. 4 5 4. A fb -tree,,tame and Wilde. 1418 Afpe,or Afpen tree. 1411 .Afphodillthefmaller, j 687 AFjrjh Afphodett, and the forts. 171 y A ffafttida, that is, flincking AJfa and fweetc, 1569 Averts, and the kindes. 135, & c . Axe Fetch. 1091. A xefeede, and Axe wort. 109J Ay ft recede, or Axe recede. 9^2 B. B Accbar, or French Bacchar. j j 4 Baldmomy is Gentixm with fomt. 403. and AFettm, or | Spignell with others. 889 Baftard Baldmomy is Autume Gentian. 40 ^ A Tyrian Balm. 41 mondtree. ibid. Aloes, or Aloefiecatrine, or herbe Aloes. 149 Tbe Aloe tree orWood. 1364 The Alkakyngi, or Winter Cherry . 46 2 Alkynet. 515 Ambcrgrife. 1^66 Tellow Amber. 1565 Ameos, or Bifbops weede. 912 Amellcorn e. II26 Amomum, the true and falfe. 15 66 A baftard Amomum accounted the Garyngpbyllon ofPliny. 156 7 'Attacardes,or Malacca beanes. 1 568 Anemone, or Windejlower. 542. The double wilde white Ane s tnone f 1679 An-ife,, or Anefeede. 911. Strange Aneffcedes of India. 1569. Angelica, and the forts. 939. AFomlazos, Antidote or counter- p'pyfon. 1621 A ffyrian apples. 15c9 Small Indian apples. 1636 Golden apples. 1 509 The,Cdne apple is the Strawberry tree. 1409 Apples of Paradift. 1502. Maddt Apples, 352 Apples, and the kitidcs, 15 o 2 Balfome Apples male andfemale. 714 Tart Indian Apples, 16 3 6 Apples of Love.2. Apples of youth* idem. Garden Balme 40. Turkic Bxlme. ibid, ; The true Balme or Balfome tree, 1528 Weft Indian Balfomes of divers forts. *570 Common Balfome is fweete Trefoile. 718 I Banewort, or Spearkytvort. 1214 , St. Barbaras herbe, ftngle and double. 819 i The Barberry bufh. 1559. Barley, and the kinder. 2129 Wall Barley. 1147* The Indian caufticke Barley. 1625 Barnacles. 1306. St. Barnabyts Thiftle. 989 B vrrenwort,common and Indian. * 3^5 Baffill, and the kinds. j 8.19. Fitldand wilde BaffiU 2 o. Stone B a fill. 2% Cow'S a fill is Come Campion of the Garden, 633 Bsftncts, that ii Crowfoote. 333 Batchelors buttons are double wilde Campions. The By tree. 1488. The bay of Alexandria, 702 The Cherry Bay tree. 1 516 The Kings bay 1520 .The dwarfe bay „ 201 The ftrange Indian "Bay tree . 1488 The Rofe Bay 1469. The wilde Bay, 20 6 The Shrubby wilde By of Candy. 2677 The Guntrnc called Bdellium. * 5 1 7 7 ~Ac Beade tree. 1442. St. Helens heads, 1619 Garden Beanes, and wilde meaner. 1 045 Bucks t Beanes , or Marfh Trefoile, 1212 The apple Beam or Cajeus, 1 56S The Beane Capers. 1024. Flat B anes or Lupines, IC73 French Beanes, or Kidney Beanes of fundry forts and co¬ lours. lo $6. &c, Malacca Beanes or Anacardes. 1568, Purging Beanes. 16\o Sower Beanes, or Tamarindes. 237 Beane 7 refoile. 244. Beaxes breech . 99 2 Be ares taxes, and the forts. 337. &c. Bearesfootc , the true and the wilde forts. 211 Hhhhhbh Bearer l 73 6 The T able.~ Be ares Garhkp or Ram funs. 870 Btares wort, aJirange woolly plant, 1374 Bedsfrotcberbe or flower. 20. Our Ladies Bedftrsw, 565 Autume Bellflowers or Harvejl bells is Autume Gentian. 40/ €-niter berty Ec flowers. 646. Coventry bellflowers, ibid. Sea Bellflowers. 168 .Steeple Bellflowers. 6 49 Blew Bellflowers of Virginia. t £9 Indian B ellflower is the red Bel flower of Amenca. ] 70 Pcochlcofed Bellflowers.Indian (JMorricelike bells _ 1635 ^ Bellflower, 6 50 s Eeetes garden, wilde and of the Sea. 7 5 0 2 ? eecb tree . 14 0 2 Be fame weede, is Tblajpie > 263.1 57 2 White and red Ben. 15 7 1 . Red Ben. 124.263 T be ayly nut "Ben. 238. 2 ?ew/ graft. 1 1 5 ? Benzoin or Benjamin. I 5 7 2 The 1 Hikes berry drink,*. 1 622 Berttam is Pellitary ofSpaine. 858. Pauls Bctony. 552 Water Betory. 6 13. Wood Betony 614 Indian Betree. 1615 T be Eajl and Weft Indian Bezorjlone. 1587 The Bezor tree. 1650 B Wherries or Wbrotsfor Wbortle berries of divers forts. 1355. " 5 °> 169 170 161 5 >73 168 1366 536 1072 1075 444 613 27 2 912 39 * 403.' 1013 1417 752 501, 13 66 r 575 12*4 333 ^8 r 1428 ibid. t6S 6 1627 992 15.44. 1624 1646 237 I Bucl^es borne ftreftes. 60 3. Sea BucJ^s borne. 1284 • B ttcl{t maft or B exhmaft vs the fruit of the Beech tree, 1402 I Buckrams with jomeis Ramfrrs. 871. witlxotbirs is Wake Robin 377 IC05 524 518 4*3 1234 2220 469 1 112 1222 1223 *419 534 2 53 &c. Bifo'leor Twaybladc. 504. Marfb Btfvile. 'The great white Bindweed:, or Bellflower, I he lefter Bin dew cedes. The Indian Bindervcede (died Bctrc. Prickfr Bindcwecdes. Sea Bindcwecdc or Soldanella, 71 be Binding tree. Birch tree. 1408. Birds eye. Birdsfoot e. S tarre codded Birds foote. Birds neft. 13 61. Birds tongue is Knotgr.ifte, B flops leaves is Water Betfony. Birtbwort and the forts. B flops weede. Baftort or Snakewccdc. Bitter fweete. 350. Bitter wort or Gentian. Blackg berry bujb or Bramble. One Blade. 505. Bladder nut. Elites and the forts. Bloodwort. 1227. Bloodftrang• is APoufetaile. Bulcarmonickg. 1574. Bolbonacb or white Safter?. 'Bombatt or the Gotten tree. I 55 2. Borraic, Borrage. 765. Euer living B oar age in myfirmer book:, Bootes ts Mar fro Marigolds. Bolts it Crowfoot:. Blew Bottles and the forts greatiPand lefter, Boxe Tborne. 1 co8. Tbe Boxe tree. Dwarf: Boxe, andguilded Boxe. Bramble buffo and the forts. 1013. The Bramble bujb like ftalke of America. ■ Brake it Fer??e 1038. BrankyV’rfme is Be ares Breech. T be Bra fill tree. 7 w Jndian Bread called Cafavi. The Indiati Bread tree. St .Iolons Bread or the Locuft tree. The wilde 2 fryer bufl.x 017 .The facet: Fyer or Eglantine.10x6 B Vimftone wort, that is Sow Fennell , or Hogges Fenr, elf 880 JPbite Briony and the forts, Black* Brionie. Indian Briony or Mecboacan. Brookplime, 1236. Butchers Broome. Broome and the forts, The Pliant Thorny Broome or SpahlocsThorny Broome. 97 6 Prickly or Thomy Broome. 1003.- Broome Rape. 228 Bafe Broome.7^1, Spjrifb Broome. ibid. Browmwort is Water Bet my. 613 Brufewert or Sopewcrt. 641 Bark** borne, and Bucket home PI an tame, 501 1-9 ibid. 253 228 B ttckgs T borne, or Rbamnits and the forts. Bucks wbeate. 1141. Bugle oflrowm Bugle. Buglofte and the forts. ~6 5 . Wall Buglofte. Stone Buglofte. 51 () r wdde or Vipers Buglofte. Sea Mar fb Buglofte offundry forts. The Sea B ulbe. I 208. Bulls foote is Colts footc. Bullockes Lungwort. 1633. B ullweede. Buloocki eye, is great Houjcleeke. , B ullcis tree in my former booke. Bullwort is pj flops weede. 912 Garden Burnet and Wilde. 582. Great Burnet of Canada, ibid. Thorny Burnet, 977. Burre andthe forts. Butter Burre. 419. B utreDockgy dote Burre, Ditch Burre, Loufe Burre. Burre Reede, 1205. Water Burre is Burre Reede. I Water Burre D icky The ftlver B ujb. Ettttcrflie Orchis, 1350, B utter-wort or Butter roote, \ Butchers Broome. c. ' r C Abbages of divers forts. 268. ftadkicfe or (frbarlocke. 86 2 Cajous or apple beanes. 1 568 .Calamus Atom at ic us. 1 38 \ Calamint and the forts. 36. Land Caltrops. IC97 Water Caltrops'great and fmatl. " *247 Calves foote ts Wake Robbie. 377. Calites frwnt, is Snapdra¬ gon. • 1334 ' Cam fire. I 57 5. Camclls bay or Squinant. 244 Camocke or Reft Harrow. 993 C amomill and the forts. 85.86. Sea Ca momilli 12 82 Garden Campions and the forts. 629 Wilde Campions and the many fort s thereof, 630 .&C. The Cane or Reede. 1208, Canary pmftc orfcede. Ii6 j Canker wort is Dar.de lion. Cankers ft or Canker Rofe, jj Wild Poppy. 367 ! Cannellis CinamouJj 5 79. White CetncUor C'.namon ,] j&r Capers and the forts, 1023. Beane Cdperf, r ■ 1024 (fapons taile or Great Valerian. j 24 : Capons tailegrafte. 1162 aprtfoileor Hony fuckle, 1460 The Gum Car an ha 15 7 6.Cardamomes great andfmaU.ib. Carlock*,or Charlod>e.%6l. 7 he Caroline Thiflle, 967 7 he Carobtree , or Locuft tree and ofGvitty: ■ ■ Garden and wild: Carrots. 90T. Deadly Carrots. 879 Danke or Wilde Chariots and the frns. ■ 896, 1684 ' Carr aw ayes. 910. purging Cajfta^ or Caffta Ftftnla, enrief- Bra fid. 2 34 S wrote Caffta of the Apothecaries. t 579 Cafr,z j t the Indian bread. 162 jy.The red berried Shrubbe cal¬ led Caffta 452 Caxes or ICicfes 1 is Hemlocke. ■ 934 C aft dony or Steacbus and the forts. 67.68 Golden and yellow Caffidony. 69 70.&C, C aterpillers or 'Ll or me s rough fmooth^ great dhdftnali. my Catment or Neppe. ^p.Catcbflie of divers forts. 6fy (fats foote is ground Ivy, 6~jy, Mountain* Catsfoote is LAPountaine fmull Moufirate or Cudwecde, 690 Cats taile, and Cats taile grafte. 1169 The great Ceda* ofLibanm. I 5 3 2. The priihjy Cedar anrf ~ ' ““ * ’ 61-6 4 6j S 2 74 IO45 86r 68 5 ' Cedar of Lycia. Celandine, the greater and ‘ 4 ". The great Centery andtbe forts. The lefter Centory and the forts thereof. Ceterach or Milt waft. Chad lock* or Charlock* it wilde Rape, fthaffeweede , or Cotten weede. The Chameleon Jhifrle. 96~J- Chameliongrafte, 7 he Chafte tree . 14 3 7 The Chaff making tree. Cherry trees of divers hfndes . Drvarfe Cherry tree. 1517. The Cherry Bay. 1646 1516 1516 •Winter The Table ; o Winter Cherries and of Virginia. 462 HbtJVinter Cherry tree or Amomum of Pliny .in n'ty former bool ^ Garden Chervill.g 1 4. Wild Chervill. 915 Mocki Chervill , or Shcpheards Net die. 916 Sttange Chervill. 890. Street-; Chervill, 934 Chetfe botvles or Garden Poppies. 367 Cheefo rennet or L adits Bedflraw. j 6 5 The Ordinary Che\nuttiti y the dwarfe > /he iTor/e- Chfnut. and of P cut. J40I Eartlj Che fiat. $92 Purging Che ft tits. 1638 Indian Chef met. ibid. Cbicfowcedc of the land of divers forts. 7 5 9 - & c - Sea Chickrycedes. 1281 .Woolly S ea Cbechrveede or Anthyllu. 281,282 C hina roote and the ;hpoijon. 422. 1680. CMombazas Counterpoyfon. 1621. Garden CowcumberSi, 772 Wilde Cowcumlers. jSt Cow flips and their forts. l 5 34 P reach Cewflippes Mountaim,Cowflips or Beares eares. 537 Cow flips of lerufalem, or Sage of Jerujalem in my former book/. Couchprate or < 5 )uichor,i(h. 1,*,, Coucbgraffe or Quicbgrajfe. Coventy bells, 646. Crabbegraffe that is Glaffewort. -- )"<^*j**» «« ou * The Crabbe or Wildingtree. The undergrowth or cxcreffence of Ciflwj that is the Hypoci- I Crabbes claw or frejh water foftldier. Crayffh routes or T)oronicum, «•,)».» Lin- -i.i/ 1 /■* ins. 667 1471 3505 77 * »6r 4 S7 55.dv.i680 1112 Cytifus or tree Trefoile. T he Citron tree and the foYts. The C it mil or Turkic. Cowcumber. Civts or Chives. 870. Civet. Garden Clary » 55. Ethiopian Clary, Wilde Clary and the fever all forts thereof. Cl.iver or Clovergraffe & three leafedgraffe. HartCliver 11 o5. Garden C laveras Jweete Trefoile. y\6 Kings Clcrver is CMellilot. 7I 8 Mooue Clover. 1115. Sea Claver. ibid. S trong Jfuelling or finding Claver. 71 p Snaile Claver or Trefoile. III3 Prickly or T horny Claver. i 116 Cleavers or Cjoofograffe. ^6y Climcrs and the forts, 380. Cloudberry, 1015 Thcffiove tree. *577 (flove G iliow.flowers in my former books. Clovergraffe. 111 2 Clowes woundwort. ^gg Clownes Lungwort is Bullock/ Lungwort. 1363 T he her be Coca. 1614. C 0 chenille. 149 8 C occulus Indi, I 582. C ock/s combe or yellow Rattle , 714 Cockyfootegraffe. 1178. Cockes head. 1081 Qockfo^ 633. The great Cokrniut. 15 9 S The Coker nut of Maldiva. 1598. Small Coker nut. 15 97 The branched and fmall Coker nut. ibid. Cole wort and the forts. 268 Sttf Cole or Colewort that is Suldanella. 168 Se.aCplew0rt.2yo. Colofonye. 1542 Columbines and of Virginia, 236- Colo quint i da or the bitter Gourd . 1 60 Qoltsfoote. g22o Great and (Irange Colts foote, I a 21 Mount a in e Coltsfoote. 5 3 73 Comfry and the forts. 523 Spotted Comfrey J U C owflips of lerufalem. - /JJ vr J-'urmwurjii j Cranes bills, and thejundry forts thereof. Garden CrejfesSiq- Wane Creffes. Sciatica Creffes. 853. Indian Creffes. Water Crefes .1236. Wilde Creffes. 2 . 9.Winter Creffes. Swines (reffes. 592-Croffe flower or Gauge flower. Croffervort, or golden Cxoffewott. The Friere Crowne Thiflle. Crow flowers or wild William tin my former booke. Crowfeete andtke{overallforts thereoffrdm 324 to 343 1173 28t i 502 1249 320 7O3 >&"C a 59 ? I ?7 9 819 5 66 978 —j..,. jtvw t j irjci cu/ j tom MurJhCroTrfoot c Hi/].. Water Crowfooie, Cron Garlike^nr-evilde G/trlike, 8yo. Cubbts Ct/ckowjloivers, or Ladue (m* eh-i. Cuckovrcs mcate or Sorrell, is Wood -sorrel/, Cuckp-wpintle , or wfertm and the forts. Cudiveede or Cotten weed-, CnUions or Dooges ftonej. *345 Sweete Cullions or Orchil. 1354. £»/?me tojou or purifier. , 756 Cmra-e cr Arfmart. 85S. Cw nberl n l Hawthorne, Cumin and the forts. 887. wild Cumin, Currans and the Corinth vineandgrapes, Red, white 3 and blacky Currans, ’The Cjfpnjfe tree, and of America, Garden Cyprefe or Lavender Cotten. Field Cyprc freer ground Pine. ' Cypreffe Mojje. 1509. Sea Cipreffc. The long round, and Jweete Cyprcjji and the forts. Sweete edible Cyprus, orRu’jhnut, T a (lard or ur.favory Cyptejfc, Gyprejfegrajfie, and the many forts, Indian red roundJweete Cyprejfc, D. B L-w Thtifjet, ftp. great Baifye. Small or wilde daifye. 5]t Telloro Vaifyes, 530 Vay Lilly in my former boofs.Dalmatiancap or Xulipa. 1341 Hhhhhhh * Dames 12 6 15S3 ® 2 5 . 74 6 37 2 68 s 5345 1026 37 * IJlS 1561 >476 97 84 1301 *45 1406 1263.116; 1171 5»8 53 ° The Table, 173S Dames violets and Damaskt violets. 8 V an deli on.78 o.V anewort.i 208. Darnell 1 \^ge/ teeth Violet in my firmer boohe. Dor ids hit wound wort. 5 4 ® The fuppofed venemous plant Dorycuium. 3 Dotes jbotej or Cranes Bill , and the fttndry forts. 7 °^ Double leafe or Tw ay blade. 504. Double tongue, or Horfe tongue. 7 °* Donnie or Gotten Thiftle . 079. Garden Dragons. 859 The Dragon flower. 608. 7 “/« Dragon tree, and the Gum or blood. 15 3 *■ fftt/er Dragms 2243. W'M Dragon or Tarragsn. 71 Dravicke or Drake, is wilde Oates, 1*49 77 ;e Indian Dream r. 1624. Droppewort. 434-893 Winter Dropwort. 1 l^a.Duckimeatt. 1 262 The male and female Dugge tree. > 1^49 Dwale cr deadly Nightfhade. 347 . E. T Nrii*; Sarthnut. 1619 Jj[ Earthnuts. 1062. Earth Chdfhttts, 892 Sweete Bryer or Eglantine. • * , T017 Elder and the forts. 207.&C. Marfh Elder . Rfie Elder 3 or Gelder Roft. * 20 8 Dwarf Eldtr.ibid. Elecampane, ^54 E/W.3;/^ the forts. 1403. Witch Elms, ibid. Ellebor or Bares fiote. 2 11 Endive. 774. SeacurledEndive . 12 94 Ermgue 3 or Sea H oily. 9 8 5 Life Everlafling.6 85. Eupborbium. 223 E iebright and the forts , . 1 3 * 8 F. T H- e? Fjcoj i« 4 hood is Panfies. 7 5 ^ The redfea Fanve. 12 95. Fe jW/. 10 ? 6 Feabetries, - 1 $61 The male Fearne. 103 6.The prickly Fearne ibid. The fe¬ male Fearne. 1037. OakpFtarneand,Wall Fearne. 104 Creeping Oake Fearne.1 041. white Oaty Fearne. ibid. Mo fie Fearne. 1041. Foxe Fearne. * °43 E fridges Fearne. ibid. Small or flow Fearne. ibid. Curld flans Fearne, 1044. Berry bearingF earne of America, ibi, Rocke Fearne. ibid. Nakedflene Fearne, ibid. Small curled flow F earnc. l6%6 Finger Fearne. 1047. Mulkps Fearne. ibid. The Barbary Feather. 1297 The Peacocks Flather. 1294. The filler Feather. I ? 9 1 Feathcrfw or Feaverfew.%3, Sea Feather few. 1282 The Princes Father. 741. Feathergraffe. 127 1 Fcllwort is Gentian. 401 .Felonrvort is\iree Nightfhade. 350 Hollow leafed Fellwori, ii the hollow leafed Sopewort. 641 Baflard or Autumne Fdlrvort, 406. Fennell. 884 ISH 875 880 8 77 1257 1229 1 375 >359 The Fennell tree or Molle ofClufiue. Fennell giant and the forts. Sow Fennell , or Hogget Fennell. Scorching Fennell, or Thapfia. Water Fennell or X arrow . Fenberries or Marfh Whorts. Fennell flower is Nigella. Fenny or Marfh flows or handed Orchis. Fenugreeke .10 96.Fetchling vide Fitchling. Figge tree. 149 3. F iggetree of Cyprus. 1492 The Prickly Indian Figge tree. 1497 The arched Indian Figgetree. 1 49 9 Eifl Indian Figge tree3 or Pharaohs Figge tree, or the Indian Clufler Figge tree, that is Mufa. 149 5 The Figge beane or Lupine . I ° 5 3 wort. 609 The Figge of Hell. 367 A neFUbertree. 1416. EHipendula. 434 The Firre tree. 1539. The Sea Firre . 1301 Fiflickc nuts. 1415. Fit doling. 1 082 Bitter Pitch or Orobus : vide Orobus. Wilde Fitch or Vetch. Vide Vetch. F hot leafed, or five finger dgr a fie and the forts . 3 95 Come Flaggs. Sweete fwelling Flagge or A cor us. I39 Wilde Flagge , or yellow water Flagge. Ill 9 Garden and wilde Flaxe. I 334 * & c - 7 Toads Flaxe andthe forts. 45 6.Fleabane and the forts. 125.1x6 Marfh or Water Fleabane. 1 2 31. F leawort and the forts. 277 Flyebane is Catchfiie. Flixweedc. 830 Flor amour,or Flower gentle. 753. Florey. 602 Flotegrafie. I 276. rlookewort, or Water Penny wort. I 21 4 Flower of Briflow flngle and double, 629 Flower dduce and the forts . 255 Flower of the Suntie in my former book{. Small Sunflower 660. FlueUen. 553 Folefoote or Coltsfoote.l 22 6.Folium lndum. 15 84 Sea Folefoote or Saldanella. 1 67 Fooles flonesy or Orchis CMorio.1^6. Foxe flones. 1350 Foxe tailegraft, andbaflard Foxetailegrafie. 1166.H67 Medicke Fodder. 1114. Forget me not, or ground Pine. 1 8 4 The Indian Fortune teller of life and death. \6\6 Fourc leafedgrafic. 1112. Foxeglaves, 6^ 3 Foxe flones, 1350. Frambois or Raff is in my firmer books. Franks Spurry. 5 6j.Frattenmfence tree. 1 60 2 White Francumfence. ibid. Herbs Fpancumfinct* 881.684 Frcfi? water fouldicr. 1249. Erench Beanes. 1056 French Lavandcr. 67. French or Vine Lttkes. ; 870 French Mallowes. 298. French Marigolds • Erench Mercury, 295* Erench Sage. 53 F rcnch Wheaje or Bucke Wheate. I 1 41 Erench or Romane Wonnewood. 4 8 F riers Cowle. 375. Fr/Vrx croBW. P78 F roggebtt, 1253. 0T T*oadtgraffe. i 190 Eroggegrafie or Grafewort. 28/ Eunfitery.2%7. Bulbous Eumiterry. 1 87 Syrian blacky bulbed \ umiterry* 6 23 Eurze or the Furze bufh. 1003 F ufieballes. 1324. SpanifhEufieballs. 1320 Euffcs or Eufies be the refufe of Cloves. 1 5 77 G. G Alanqa the greater and the lefie/. 1585 EnglifhGalingayOrgalingak that is long fweetCyprefix G allow grafie or Hempe . 597 Gall Oake or tree, and divers forts of Galls. I 3 9 o Gang flower. 1 333. The fea Garland, I 2 94 Garlic ke 870. Crow Garlicke. ibid. Wilde Garlikz or Mnly. 870.87 i ( 7 dferc ox G-J/fr tree is Dogge berry tree . * 5 21 or fweete Willow. 1 45 2 Gelded Satyr ion yor handed Orchis. 1 3 59 j G elder Rofi. 208. Gelfemim or If mine. 1 4 8 4 The Table. 1739 The greater Gentian or FeUwort. 401 7 "be Leffer Gentian of tbe Spring. 404 A utumnt Gentian, 40$. Germander and tbe forts • 104.105 Tree Germander and tbe forts. 1 op Thorny frvee'e water Germanders. 1676 'Water Germander,nr GMarfl or Gar like Cjermander, 1 j o Gillcreepe, or got by tbe ground, is hlehonfc, 677 Gill (flowers and their forts in my former books* Qticencs Gil- low flowers, or Dames Violets, 628 Rogues Gillowfiowers it tbe fame. ibid. Stock* Gillowfiowers wilde of divers forts. 622, &c, Wallflower or Gillowflower. 6 2 6. Sea flock .j Gillowfiowers. 6 2 2 Vlater Gillofiowers.1237. Winter Gillowfiowers. 624. 626 Sea Girdle. 1292. 7 cl low flocks Gillowfiowers is Wallflowers. 625 Gill ntnne by tbefireete it Sope wort. ,6 42 Ginger eftwojorts.161 3. Water Gladiolus. 1250 Gladwin j or finking Gladwin. 257 Glaffewort & tbe forts,279.1 284. Glidewort islron wort. 588 Globe T hi fife. 9 78,G lobe Day fie is blew Day fie. Globe Crowfoote in my former bnoke. Goates beard. Gooses Organy,or Afarjerome. 1 6. Goates Rue. The Indian ratling God. (joldfioivcr or Goldilocks. 690. Goldenflower Gentle. Glide??flower oflife, ibid, Gold cups is Crowesfoote. Golden Rod and tbe forts. 542 Golden tufts. Golden Saxifrage. 426 .The Italian G on dale, or Cymbal.1ria.6S1 Gold of pleafiere. 867. Gorfe or Furfe. 1005 Goofe tree 'Barnacles or Brant Geefe, 13c 6 Goofe berry bufb and tbe forts. 1 5 6i.Goofegrajfe or Clavers, 5 67 Goofefoote. 74p Goofe nefi or Birds ntfi. Tbe Indian fruit fill Gourd bearing Almonds. Tbe Ethiopians fower Gourd. Tbe Diamond fflioned Cbefhui' Gourd, Gourds of divers forts. 7 68. Theb.'tter Gourd. Goe to bed at no one it is Goates beard. Gout wort, or Herbe Gerard, Tbe Scarlet Graine. 1396. Tberoete Graine. Grainesof Farad?ft, or Ginney Grams. Gratia dei, or Gratiola is Hedge Hyfope. Gromell and the forts. 431. Sea Grapes. JGne Grapes of diversJorts. uirrow beaded Graffc. 1187. Bulbed Graffe . * Cats taile Graffe. 11 69. Canary Graffe, Capons taile Graffe. 1162. Bafiard Canary Graffe, Cotten Graffe. 1271 Cock'S foote Graffe. Come Cjraffe. 1 1 57. Cr.fled Graffe. Cyptrus Graffe. 1171. Cypaus like Graffe. Marfh Cyprus Graff, Wood Graffes fmootb and baity t 118 4 Water Graffes. I 274. Water Ruff Graffes.1269, 127I Winter Cjrecne 508. Greene. 508. Grcenewcede 22 9 Ground Pine. 282. Stinging ground Pine,and not fiinkftg. 568 Qroundfell and the forts. 6 71. G utwort. 199 Guaiacimi or Lignum vit£. 1586. ('ouxte)fiit Guaiacum, or a treelihpCjuaiacum. ibid, Tbe America viceGuaiacum. 1651 The blacke Moores Guaiacum. 163 2 A differing Indian Guaiacum,\ >387. Gum Amiimum, 15P4. ! 5 80 Gum Anime, 1 070 Gum Arabecke. 1543, Grim Armeniacky, 1541 Gum Car anna, 1576. Gum Copall. 70 Cherry tree and Plume tree Gum. 1543. Gum Ehmii. 1586 679. Gum of Ivy. 679. 1544. Gum of luniper. 1030 Gum Lachy. 1588. Gum Sarcocoll. *544 Gum Tacamabaca, 1608 Gum Tragacanth. 9 96 H Ardbeame, or Horne beane tree. Hares Lctticc.%06. Good King Henry, or Englifb Mer- 5 : p | cury. 12 26.Harts eaje. 7 5 6.With a double flower. 168 2 411 Hart shame. 50-3. Hart wort of Candy , 913 417 Hartwort of Ethiopia.907.Hartwort of Alar fellies. 903 \666 Hartwort of Peloponefus, 907 70 Harts tongue. 1046. Harts tbornc. 50 1 Harts Trefoile is Mellilot. 718 Hafellnut tree. T41 6. Witch Hafell is Hornebcame. 1405 Indian purging cornered Hafell nuts ♦ 3638 Hasktwoit i? Tbroatwort andthe forts. 643 Hatchet Fetch. 1088. Hither or Heath, 1480 ITaver or Oates .713 4. Haver gmffe or Oategraffe, 114 4 Hawk* wtede and the fundry forts thereof. 787 Hawthorne ordinary andfmalkr, and Cfrittinat, or Evglands twiceflowring Hawthorne. 1025 .Haymaides is Alcbonfe.677 Evergreene Hawthorne, or Pyracantba, S. Thomas his Heart. i6u Hrath and tbe fundry fons thereof 1480. Sea Heath, 1296 Heath of Jerico, or Heath Rofe. *384 Faire Heath low Pine. . Hedghogge Licoris. 10 99. Hedghogge Tbifile. TO oi Hedge Hyfope . 2 20. Hellpoeede. , 0 Blacky Helleborre, or Chrlflmas flower. 21 r Bafiard blacke Hellebor, or Bearefbote, 212 Matthiolus his Bafiard blacky Hellebor or Epipe&u. 214. The great efi bafiard blacke Hellebor or Setterwort. 212 White Hellebor or Neefewort, 2 1 6 Wild white Hellebor of fundry colours. 217. 218 Helmet flower. 315. Hemlocke and the forts. 333 687 13 62. 1640 1632 1*3 9 160 413 943 947 577 220 45 i 3556 3175 ,Ji 63 1164 1178 ibid. J2<55 112^7 Sweet e Dutch Graffe. j 1 36. Flowring Cyperus Graffe. 1 1 96 Dew Cjraffe. 1178. Dogges Graffe. 11 73 Finger Graffe. 11 89 .Fourelcafed Graffe ; 111 1 Foxtaile Graffc. 1166. Bafiard Foxtaile Graffe. 1167 Cjillowflower Cjraffe. 11 6 1. Haver Graffe. 1147 Hedghogge Graffe. ] 187. Kneed Cjraffe. II77. A.laidenhairc Cjraffe, \ \6\. GMarfl Graffe. (JMedow tufted Graffe. 11 5 <$. Aiilat Graffe. 1 1 5 3 Afountaine tufted Cjraffe. ibid. Alountame and woodfpiked Graffe. if 61. Painted Graffc. Oaten Graffe. 1144. Panicky Cjraff.i 1^4 .Fearlc Graffe.I166 P arnaflits Cjraffe jingle and double, 4 2 p. Pipe graffe. 1153 Prickly headed Graffe. 1187. Purple Cjraffe. 1112 Quakers or Quaking Graffe. 11^5. fjhtkk Graft. 1175 Hulked or Knobbed Quick graffe. 11 7 5 Reede Graffe. 11 80. Marfh Reede Graffe. 1273 Sea Ruflj Graffe. 1278. Sea Graffe. 12 75 Ruflj Qraffe. 1188. Rufh Marfb Graffe. 1269 Scorpion Graffe. 1 r 17. Spiked Cjraffe. 1 15 P Three leafed Graffe of divers forts, 1 112. &c. Toade Graffe, or Frogge Graffe. 1190, Gold tufted Graffe. 1157 Virginia jointed Spiky Graff . j 9 32 Ifempe and the forts. <397. Water ITempe, or Water Agri - 5 1437 362 712 759 1226 1025 756 in r 379 mony. 1 Bafiard Hewpe. 5 99. ITempe tree or Chafle tree. Henbane and the forts. Tellow Henbane or of Peru is Englifb Tibacco* Henbit or Chicfwcedt. Good Henry, or EnglifljAlercury. Heps or Hams of the Hawthorne. Herbe Robert . 710. Herbe Truntie Herbe Terrible. 198.-.Herbs Trcfoile, Herbe Aloes 149. Herbe Chr?flop her. j/ Herbe Bennet or Averts. 135. Herbe Rifoile or Twayblade. r m .504 Hcrbebane is Limodoion, or Orobanche, 1362 Herbe Carpenter, 3 80. Herbe Francumfence 0 951 Herh Ive or Ivie .503. Herbe of grace. 132 Herbe of life or love. Herbe Gerard or Goutwort. 9 4 3. The Mimicke or Mocking Herbe. 1617 Htrbe true love, or Herbe Paris. 3 89 Herbe Twopence. 554. Herbe William, is Biflops weede, pi 2 Herbe Willow, or the Willow H erbe is Lyfimacbia. 543 Holy Herbe or Vervaine, 674 Hhhhhhh 5 Hercules 174 ° The Table. 945 6o Hercules bis fVoundworket, Hermodalliles. i 587. Higtaper or Mullein .: Hindiey\ or Wmdberry , 1015. Hipworte^ or Penny¬ worth, 74 * TurkicHirfeor Milkfi. 1*37 ' Hedge Hyij 'j'e 220 . M nfh Hyffope. 222 -Hj (j ape and tbefeverall (oris ,1.2 .&c. J ^73 The tf-\j India Hmcca, with Hempelike leaves. 1624 ■hi'Lies, or HolihockgJ, 300. Hogs Fennell. 880 Hotkie,or Holly btifh, 1466 iridny rHWy Gaki* J 394 £/y 384. Honewort. 9 31 Hmywort 3 or Ceriatle .5 20. f/tf Indian Honey trie. 1648 Honifuckfs. 1460. Field Honifitckfts. ii»2 French Honifnchfes. 10S1 Virginia Hwifuckfe, 386 Vp right Honijiickle. 1462. Heps ? and the forts. Ij6 Horihuwid and the forts. 44. Ba'X HvrehoH*cC. 47 Afarfb bafe Honhound. 123!. Thorny bafe Horebcund. 47 HUchc Horehound. 12^0. Water Horchound, ibid. Horr.ebtamtfos Hardbe.mie tree. 1 * 4°5 Horned Poppy. 261. -Horeflrong,, orHorcftrarig is Hogges Fennell, "'PT* 880 Horfebeale^is EJee tn/pine. 655, Hdrfe Mint. 34 Horfbooe Fetch. IC92. Horfolaile, and the forts. 12oo Sea Horfotaile. J3 02 Horfotongue, 7 ° 2 Great Houfeltekgs 3 Small Houfeleekes. 733 *SV*j Hjufeleekf. 149. Water Honfeleeke. 1249 Hounds tongue 511. Hundred handed Thi file* 981 7 k Hypecoum of Diofoorides. 3 7 1 V 6^; £7 the hedge. 112. 7 j mes Wort or Ragworte. by 8 Iafmine and theforts. 1464, Tcllorp ordinary Iafmine.T4.66 The great Orenge coloured Iafmine of Virginia. 1 679 lewes thorne, or fhrifls tfjome, 1006 Incenfe worte , is the great Lavender Cotton, 95. Indian Crejfet, I? 78 T/’e Indian leaf or folium Indutn. *584 Indian Millet. 1 139. the Indian tnoumcr, Jtidian Panicky.1 141. Indian Poplar. 1411 Indian Reede. 1209. Indian Spikenard. 1595 lobes teares. 430. him the Infants herbe. 1612 $. lobns breade^ir L octsfi. 2 3 6.-. 9 . lobns wort fond the forts .57 2 Sweete lobns in my other booke. lone filver Pinneis Poppy, %6y Jofopbs flowers 5 // goc /o ^? noone, or Goates beard, 4 ] 3 Iron worte y and the forts. 584, 1681. The Iron hearted tree. 1647. Another Sage leafedfea Ironwort. 1 68 1 IticcaorTitcca.i 33. Iudat tree. *554 Iudji Elder,or IaggcdElder ,2 loJunoes teares is Vermaine.6y6 Ivy , and the fever all forts. 678 Ground Ivy. 2 8 4. 6 76 7 *he Ivy like Uafo 3 or Cymbalaria. 681 lumper tree and the forts. iqi%.T he Jujube tree, 35° Thtwhite Iujubetree. 1441. Iupiters dtjhajfo. 57 or Darnell. 1144. hupiters beard or eye is great Houfo- /«%. 73 © K. K Ali,or Glaffowort. 2 79. 1144, Katherines flower, ii Nigella , ' 1377 Kedlocby orCbarlocke. 862. Kexesor Hemlocke.gil-and wilde Angelic <* byfome. 9 41 Keraellwort or Figgewort. 6\l Kidney Beanes, or French beams, is Pbajzolus. 10 5 6 Kidney wort or Vmbilictis Veneris. > 74 ° Kidney Vetch, or Anthills Icguminofa. 1059. Kingcups, is Crowfeete. : .333 Kings fpeare is the yellow Afphodill. Kipperntits, 862 Knapbcttle. 2 63, Knapwtcde, and the fever all forts. 4 68 Silver ICnapwecde is Stoebe. 475. Kuarvell. 448 7 v?^e Holme, or Butchers Broome. 25$, Kiilhcrbe 3 orherbe- bane. 1362 Knights fpurs nr Larhgs fpu*s 376. Gtldiqiaps orCrowfoctc. Germane KuotgraJp or Knawell. 448 Knotgraffe, and the forts. 448. Climing Knotgraffe. 4/ 1 Lobels K notgrajj'e, with Mother eft ime leaves. I £ 80 G#7?z Lacca y or Laly. 1588 Lacespaintedgrafje. L. L Aced Time, Savory 3 &c. is Dodder growing on themf _ Ladyes bedftraw. 564. Ladies bower. 382 Ladies Combe 916, Ladies 3 or Veutts lookjng-glajfe. 1331 Ladies gloves,is Fleabane. 115. Ladies hair e, or Ullaidenr have, 1050 ■Ladles mantle, or great Ssnide. 538. Ladyes foale, or blacky ■Bryony, j 79. Ladies flippers. 2 17 Ladies fmockes, 825. Ladder to heaven, is Solomons foale. 690 Lambs Letiice. 8 12, 7 ”/;e Scythian Lambe. 1618 Langcdebetfe.Stic»Lake, orgumarte Lake. 1588 and Painters Lake. ' ibid. Larck^s heelesor fpunes , 1376* The Larch tree . 1533 Laforwortand the forts, 937* *685* Lavenderfpikeandtht forts. 7 2 *73 Lavender Cotton and the forts. 95 . 96, Sea Lavender. 1234 8 Mechoacan , or Indian white Rriony. j,I Mcdickf Fetch. 111 4, Medickpf rider , ,, g MecbwParfrep.es 34. Medow Saffron, is Colchccum. Me- aorv Trefoile. J ^ 7 he white Indian Medlar. , 3 _ Medlars,great and Jmall, & c . , Mtllilot, white and yellow. ,] g Mellonsasnd the forts in my former booty 1683. Turky Melons, ° r .Millions. 771. 77 )e Indianfealj Musbc Mcbn.t6oi.The w 4 mtWJ Quince Melon. 1635. The Pineappleli^ Chefnut The prickly frmtfullMelon. The Melon Thifle. )°f Tench Mercury. 295. Dog, Mercury. \dsd JLngliJb Mercury. MiVmries moif blood, is Vervains. ‘gA Mercuries Violets, be Caunlerbury bells. Rafard M evin wood, it Gassiacum Patmium Mew, or Spigrsell, it Meum. J ’ 2250 1741 Milk? trefoile or Shrubbe trefoils } is Cjtiftu. 1 471 Milk? Vetch . io 84. M ilke-*> 9 rks, or (yang flower n Blackc Milkewort, or Sea Milkewort. H 83 franifb, or white Milkewort, 109; Milkewort or spurge. ,po N i ill mount nine. Millet,Macke and white, asset Xurky Millet. 2*37 Mallet graft. 1133, Mi/twort, or Spleenewort. 1040 Mints, and the divers forts thereof, 21 .72,&c. Horfe M, 7 r.f. 34, Catmint, or Neppe, 39 Meuntaine Mint, or Calamisit. ' ,g „ Wilde Mint of America. I61S Wetter Mints and the forts, 1243. tvMMints. 32.33 e greater and/effer Mettle,and with a double flower,cp-c. The five forts of Mirobalanes. 1 ]e ^ r( tindrj c he Ink Mirobahne, or purple purging Indian M 1 felloe. ,392. Of India and of Peru. 'ibjj Muhridate , M uftard 83 3.M ithridate Wolfsbane, 3 14 Moly,or Sarafens Garlikg. 870 If dctn M olle of C lufiue. ,524. Moneywort. 5 5 4 the greater Moopcwort, u the white Sattin. i$66. r i he middle fort h Ahffum Galeni or Madwort. 5 gp 7 de ImaflMo'newort, 507. M orreH y or petty morrell t is Night fade. 345.M oorereort & MooregraJJe.it RofaJolij 0 I°5 liMorrit bells,16^ ^.GroundM^jfet, and of the land. Mo ft of trees. ,3,1. fflabbe M #. 1307. Cup Mofe. ty° 9 .StuMefes. ,288 Mother of Time. 7.8. pother-wort. 4, The Indian Mourner, or Sorrowfulltree. 164s. Motsleare and shefirts. ^ 6%i t'y u Jetaste.sjoo.Mugwort. 9 oMuowet .ismodreoff .egi G6g.Mulberries white, black; &c. 149c 7 e Mulberry Figged, ee of Egypt, andCyprui, that is the Sycamore tree. Jl Mullein andtheforts 6iMoth Mullein & the forts .6^64 saafe Mulleins or wilds Mulleins, is common Mullein. 6 2 Woolly, or Ethiopian Mullein. 6 - Petty Mulleins, i, Cowfi,p s . 334. M umme. 1592 Munirs hoode, or blew Helmet flower. 3 , - Uunck.es Hoodes, orLarkesfpurres. d l6 cZffrN^ h °“ dcs ’ ° r Lxrks> fpHrrrs> u l nd,an Great CMonckrs hood, it the yellow tFolfs bane. ' 3 7 ^ Round leafed Muncfr hood is 7 bora. 3., Munckes Rubarbe or Patience. j Uunckys Rub. the, with fome, U the bafiard round leafed Rnbarbe. Mtsskovy, or Musk; Cranes bill. 7 og SweeteUuske. ,352. Edible Mufhroomes of dsvers (orts. Dangerous or deadly M ssjbroomes many. Jb' f Artichoke Uujbroomer. 1324. S tone Mufrroomts. ibid. I nflerground Mufliroornes, Tree Mufhroomes or Tsstchwooi. A\ a Mufiardandtheforts. 830. Arabian Mjsflard. g,t Towers Mufiarfthegreater andthe Is for c TreekJeMuflard.andthe divers forts Leaf, N VT Atle wrt, or fVhitloy*graffe. , fficknard of Candy. yds 6 Navelwors, andsheforts. 5*0.700. S eaNavelwortfjl Venus Havel/, and N aveB of theearth. Matthiolu, h„ Androface, or Navelwort. 'L. The Nell arm. 1514. Nee/ewort, and theforts. 2 1 513 j ^ x 4 The twining American Peach. 1598 The LaurAi Peach or Perjeet. ! 4 I Peach leafed Bellflowers in my former hooke. iSji 1514 ■sing cornered Hj ell Pints. 163s. teim i\n:s. 241 - --- a.i , . The Indian Earth Nttts. l6l 9 . Ordinary Earth Nuts, P<™tame and wtlde ond thejorts, or Sarth Cbefnut. 1*.892.,«8« ! tl.Tillt*l Ground Nuts, or Kepper Nuts. $93 Vomiting or purging Nuts, 1621. White Nuts, 16:3 Water Nut, is Water Caltrope. * 2 47 Tlxbagge bearing Nut tree. 1646. Aiadde Indian Tfuts, or Plums. 1649. Vomiting Nuts. 1601 O. O Cuius Chrifti, is wilde Clary. Oakp and the hpndes. 138 5. Sea Oake. Tbe. Chrifiidegreen Oaky.1646. Evergreen Oakp is Hex. 1 394 The Oake of Ierufakm. 89. OakiFcrne,or Polipody . 1039 Oo^e Fern e,or Dryopterii. 1041 Oake AT off t. 1 3 11 . Oates. 1 134. Wild Oates . 1147 PoortOates dr NoisedOates, j 149. Dravicke Chtes. ibid. The oyly fu fe calledSefamum, 254. The 0 at e~[ bifile. 4 ’ R^Rof. ibid, J053 Roffins of divers kinds. 1542. Wefi Indian Rofins. Rubor be the true as it growethwith w. Bafiard Rubarbe or Monies Rubarbe. Englifh Rubarbe. 138. White Rubarbe of America, Months Rubarbe or Patience, Wefi Indian Rubarbe, Englifh bafiard Rubarbe is Tbali&mm. Ruddcs he Marigolds, Medow Rw. Garden Rw, Momtaine R«e 5 and wilde R«e 0 Goatcs Rue.^iy. Wall Rue. Rupture wort. 448. Indian Rupture wort. Ruffles and their forts. Thefweet Rufb. 144. R ufh nut. Rufhgraffes. Ryce, 1135. Germane R yce. R^e and the forts, 1128. Rye graffe. S * 74 ? 16 70 154 ibid. 180 154 1618. 265 26$ l}2 IO50- J 6 l6 ilgl 145 . H88 1134 I14& »5 9 96 4 49. &C. no S P anifb Saffron , or wilde Saffron, Wilde bafiard Saffron. Sage and the fever all forts, French Sage, 53, Wood S age. M Sage oflerufalem, or Cow flips of lerufalem s in my former booke. Sage ofvertue 3 or fmaltcared Sage, 47 Saligot or Water Caltrops or Nuts, ^ 2 47 Salomons fea’e amd the fever all forts . 69^ Saltwort or Kali and the forts. 2 yy.aftdllS^ Sallow or broade leafedWi low. , Sandier and the forts. 1286 Sandiver. 280. $ anicle and the forts a 532 Spotted Sanicle. 534 Sarfa par ilia. \y^ Sarafens Confound. ^p Sarafensy Rirtbwort h the ordinary. 292 S affifrat or the Ague tree. j The White Sattinfiower. 1366 The true Satyrium ofDiofcorides is the Tulipa. J34 j Common Satyrium, is the handed O rchis. % 34 3 Sauce alone, or Iacke of the hedge. j | j Summer and Winter Savoury,^,6, Savin e send the forts. 102 6 Sander# *744 The Table. 5.6.1673 4-5 1 Sanders ,n'hite,red, and yellow, Baflard Senders of Candy, Sommer And Winter Savory Crc. White Saxifrage. 423 .Englijh Saxifrage, Burnet Saxifrage, g-\6. Golden Saxifrage. Reefy Saxifrage . (JMat thiol m his true Saxifrage. Saxifrage of Candy i Bavaria, and Naples, Scabious offiverall forts. Scabwort is Elecompane. Lonq rooted Scamonj of Candy. True Scamonj , 163. Baflard Scamonj. Scarlet Oafy. 1395. The Scarletgraine. Scar re wt. 8 5 5. Sciatica Creffes. Clofe Sciences. 628 Single and double Sciney, Scordium or Water Cjermandsr, Thorny fiveete Scordium. Scorpions graffe. 1117. Scorpions thorne. Scurviegraffe and the forts. Scottifh Scurvy graffe is SoldanclU, The Scythian Lambe. Seabuloe, 1288. Sea (oleworl. Sea Holme or Fiu.lver. 9S9. The Sea Feather, Sea Ecarnc, 197. 7 he Sea prickly plant. Sea Sempervivurn is Aloe the herbe. Sebeftcn % or the A fly ri an flume. S clfe hcaleandthe forts. The S ena tree or bufhr. 22^, Baflard Sena, S engreene is great Houfeleefy. JVater Scngreene or wate r Houfeleefy. 1249 The S erfit ive plant. 1617 Scr.vy or APyftard. 820. Serpents or Adders tongue. 5 o 6 The Servi ce tree , and x he forts. 1420 Indian Services. 1638 Sefamum, or the oily graine. 254 Si felt or Hartivort. go^.TDtversforts of fefeli. ibid, Grc 1605 | Soft or gent le Sowthiftlcs and the forts thereof. \6o6 Sew bread and the (orts.\ 364. Sow Fennell, mtherniwood and the forts. 968 I Sparrowes tongue is Knotgrafe, 804 92.95 1676 1003 *8f 168 36l8 27O 1296 i° 3 4 1140 151 5 26.16S0 22 6 The true Set wall or Zedoaria. CardenSetwa.il is the Garden Valerian, fl fount amc Set wall or N irdw Celtrica. Scttcrwort, i: the greater wild blacfy Hellobarrt, Share wore is the Starre wort y or After Italor urn, Shavegrafe is Horfetaile. Shepleards needle, 91 5 . Shepheards f? r fe. Shepherds ftaffe. Thefwcete Indian Sea flfljfhefts, Sheregrafe is Reedegrafle. T.ht Shrine king fbrubbe. The tine Steamer e tree. 1492* 7 hefalfe Sicamo- e y or great Maple tree, 1425 Silfyn Cicely. 389. Sickjewort is Bugle and fife he ale. The fiver bufb. 145 9. The fiver Thifllc it the white Cot• 979 591 ten Thifl . Sdverweede is wildeTanfc, Sinfyfoild or Sinfyfoile is five leafed graffe. Skjrrat orSfyrwort. 94^ Lgdyes Slipper. 217 The floe bufb or blacfy Thorne. 1 03 3 Smallage. 92 6, Garden S n. ilux is French beanes. 1056 Snaile Cl&vcr and the forts, 1116 Garden Snafywcede is Biftori. • 391 Rattle Snafyweede or Snafyroote, 420 S nafys or Vipers Bugloffe. 4 1 3. Snafywood of divers forts. 1665 Snakr s Gar/ify or Crow Garltfy. 870 Snapdragon and the forts. 13^3. Gneefewort. 479 S ouldiert yarrow,6g$. Mount nine Soldanclla, \6j Soperrort and the forts, 1 3 84. The water Souldier. 1249 The Sorbc or Service tree. 1420 Sorrell and the forts. 741. Wood Sorrcll t or Sorrell dub oh. 747. The Sorrowfull tree. 1644 Sharpe Sowthiftles and the forts, 803 | T he Kings fpeare. 1218, Spearewort Crowfoots, 1214 424 The male S pee dew ell or Panics Betony. 549 426 The fern ilLSpeedewcll. 55 3. Spellcorne. 1124 428 S petgrajfc. 1 143, Sperhawfy u HawfyweedeS 484 Sperage orAfparagus .454. S per age bcane is Kidneybeane , 655 f per mac ity. i6oy 1 677 f picfyellor Spignellis (Jlfeum.&S 8. BaftardSpigncll.Sg^ 1 66 Indian Spidrrwort. 418. Water fpifyis Pondweede. 1396 The true Indian S ptefyard. 1595. Baflard French Spicfy 853 145 ibid. Mount aim French Spieknard. 116. Italian Spicfyutrde.ibid. no Knobbed mount dine Spieknard, ibid. Vnfavory Spicknard.tbid.Long tulerout rootedfpicfyiard.i 18 Virginia Spikenard. 1593 S inage. 759 S pindell tree or piicfyoood, 241. Rough Spleenewort,\ 042 Smooth Splonewort or Miltwalle. 1045 The Spene tree of Sumatra. 1647 .Baflard S plenwort, 1043 Sea Sponges, 1303. S ponewort is Scurvigrafle, 285 Great Spurge is Palma Chrifli. 18* Spurge and the fever all forts thereof from 184. to 196 Spurge Olive andSpurge Flaxeit Chyme lea, 200 F lowring S purge or C D war ft Bay is Meftreon, 201 Spurge Lawrell. 205. Square berriedtreeis Dogwood.iqi Squinaut, 1 qq.Stabbewort is Southernwood, 95 0 j Theflaffe tree. 1448. Stagerwort, u Ragwort. 6yo Stab- nwf, 7473. Starch wort htsPrttm, 372. Starrewortis After, from 138. to 133 Starre wort of Virginia, \6j 6 Starre ofBethlem , andftarre oflernfalem. 4x3 Starre Thiftle. gffi.Stavcfacre, zlx S techws or Caffldony. 69. Stichworf 102 S Golden St£chas.ibid.Stocfy Gilloflowets.vide Gilloflowers, Stone Liverwoi t. vide Liverwort. Great andJmaleStonecroppe.j$$.Stonehore, 735 An Indian fee defer the Stone • 1614 An Jndian tree againfl the Stone. \66\ Stone breafy 3 or breaks ft one is Saxifrage. Stoncivood f or wood turnedin to Stone. 127 6 S torfys lill. vide Cranes bill, lyo^.TheStorax tree. 1529 Strangle tare.iQj2.The Strawberry tree or Art a bus, 1489 7 he Strawberry tree withfmooth leaves or Adrachne, j 490 S tabbewort is Wood Sorrell. 747. Strawberry and the forts,. 757 In admittingSubfiitutes what is chiefly to be confidercd.io$d Garden Succory .775. Gum Succory. 782 Wilde Succory of fundry forts. 777 Swings Succory. 792. Suckjesis Honyfucfye. Sulphurwort u Hogges Fennell. 88c The Sultans flower. 48 1 Sumac fy of divers forts , as Coriers Sumacfy^Mirtle leafed Sumacfy, Venice Sumacfy> Virginia Sumacfy^ndwilde Suwacfy, or fweett Guttle. 144 Strad: aw i, Rofajfolis. 105 2. Sunflowers in my former boofy, The leffer .SweeteCis or Cicily is fwteteCberviil .655.9 34 Swallorvort and the forts, 387- S weete Gaule. 1451 Swecte Rttfb U Squinant. 144 $.&c. 1612 I ? 4 1 16 218 131 1200 8 66 985 1573 1180 618 weete Widow is Gaule. 1472, Swines Creffes, Swines graffe is Knorgrafje. T. E Nglifb and Indian Tobacco. The gum Tacamahaca. Tamerisfy and the forts, 1479. Sea Tetmarisfy, Tarfic and the forts, 80. Wilde Tan fie. Tarragon,'y 1, Tares and the forts . 1071. Milfy Tare. 1084.7 a eevtrhfting. \062.Terr a ft gill at. 160S Herbe Terrible. 198 The Tetter tree,166l>T•848. 1683. ' ~ Chtifil | home. I006. Goatyi Theme The Hedghog Thorne, The Blacke Thorne , or Flow bujh. Thewhite I borne. The Purging 1 borne y and the forts; Ctrt'aine Jndian Thornie trees. Thorough tv axe, or Thorough leafe. Three leafedgraffe 3 vide Trefoile. Threeleafed Livcrrrort. is Hepatic a. The greater andlefer Thrift. T hroatwort and the forts, Tills j be Lentids, Garden Tyme and the forts. T) odder of Ty me, and other herbes. M other of Tyme, or wilde Tyme, and the forts Tim, MuskeTyme Crc. The true Tyme. Toade flaxeandthe forts, Toade fiooles , or M« fhraomes. T olmeniers , be Sweeie Willian s, Tfothpfike Chervill, Great and little Tootbwort, or Lungwortfits the Dentaru Mattbioli. Torches, if H/gtaper, or Mullein. TormentiU and the forts. Tornfole andthe forts. Touch me not , is wilde Cencumber, Touchwood is hard or T ree Mufhroome . Towers Muflard, the greater and lefie Toyworteii Shepheards purfe. X.adies Traces and triple Ladies Traces, Indian fveete T rafie rootes . Travellers Toy. 3 86. Tree of life. T he iron hearted tree. The Senfitive Tree or plant. Tree Geefe or bearing Geefe, ThcT ree again ft the(lone. The forrowfull tree. TheTrce again ft venome ana poifon. The Indian Honey Tree. hjv toorneu 1 rejoiic. Candy tv tide T refoile, Trefoi/epeafe of fan dy. Codded Treefoiles divers. Globe or roundheadedTrefoile. Hooded Trefoile, i 112. Hoppe-like Trefoile. Horned Trefoile. 1103. Lie or U Trefoile, Afarjh Trefoile, M edoTv. Trefoile, Milk* Trefoile, is tree Trefoile 0 ■Mountaim Tref He, Rocke Trefoile, Pile Trefoile, Scorpian like Trefoile, Silver leafed Trefoile of the Alpes. Smooth and rough Trefoile of Mompclicr; Shrubbe Trefoile. 3 Co.Smile Trefoile. Startle Trefoile. u 08. Strawberry beaded Trefoile , Sower Trefoile, is Wood Sorrell, Spiked Ru/bie Trefoile, S weete Trefoile. St in kjng Trefoile', Thorny Trefoile of Candy. Tree Trefoile. 1471. Tenement Titfoile. u T ’ 1 “ I P Uu fl a " i "Pblftpi. TreakleCUvcr,i, flmckinp Trefoile, ** Poore mans Treakfe, and Englifb T’eakle. n . Treacle Wormefetde. 8 69. "Trollflower is Globe Crow- Troablebellj. l 99 .$pani/b Trutbes, or Uni,reround mufhroome.. 1320. True Love, is Herle Parrs. 389 Tullpa, and femeforts, Turtboofe. ’ . gyj Turbith. the true fort. \6o 9 .Vivers forts offuppofedTttr. 13 - j-~» s-’-s. Venus halre. is tJdlaidenhaire. ^ * 3«3 Venmc ‘ ml '‘> is Pin k Needle. 9 \6. Venus Lmkinfuf. fl Vervame andthe forts. 6j^.Vetch and the forts I07' 4,8 Vetch or Orobu,. MpZ.Hatcket Vetch. ' I0 ' “3 ■ T-tor(UnOP IT/rtrle rr_. / ^ uV 16, 1084.1085 .Kidney 852 j , * l,mVc,ch ’ s GoatesRue, 418. Wilde Vetch or Tales. f% fTTr d ‘ h f fundry Ts-J 555 ‘ Therp "A1 vJm. 1 623 f ” ‘f Canada 1 555 * rhe Curran Vine,the TTamafco the ,478! ,h ‘ Mucai, " e > Party coloured, Kaiflo 1647 ! rjf't- S "Ti rrithout femme, &c. , ll 0 ffl Z° f E T Ufe - ,5 ”- "'^rirtc of VirJil ,30 6 Z K ,h ‘ ” h “'yr, <*>' grape, and the Foxe l 66 a t & ra ? e ' ,644 ^'■•9/8. Violets tame and wilde. I664 1 CorneViolett. til 4 , Toothed Vrolets,i, Dent aria baceifera, (j-c. gf Water 74 6 The Table. Water Vlolets , is Water Gilleflowers. 1257. lifers grajfe. 409 Vipers Buglojfc. 413. Virgins bower. 381 T ''iicorns borne. 1611 w. W A ^ bredde, or Wtybre ide it Plant ainc. Way Bennet, 1547. Wayfaring tree. Way Tborne it the prickly Broome. Wake Robin is hr urn. Wall barley. Wallflowers and the forts. T be Wallnut and the forts thereof. Walking leaves. 1645 Wallwort. IVartwort is War ted Succory. 779. 439. and WortSpurge. 187. StaJPartwort, is Sea Spurge. 184 The Fount aint tret af Water. 164J. Water Archer and the 495 1449 1147 625 I 4 I 3- 208 and the lejfer Tnmefole , pr//. 1246 Water Cotton plant. 1261. Water Qperus graffc. 1265 The hairy Water weede. 1261 Water Nuts are the fruit of the greater Water Caltrops. ! 248 Welcome to our houfe, it the Cyptcjf’ Tit by male. 1 92 W’.Id, or wold, that is, Diers weede. 602 See Weede, or Sea Wrake. 12 91 Wheate, andthe forts thereof 1119, as £andy Wheate, Greeks Wheat c, Indian Wbe ate or Turkic Whe ate. 1138. Light Wheate. 1125. Soft Wheatc. ibid. Spelt Wheate, or corne. II24 BUc\t, or Cow Wheate, 13 26. Bucke Wheate. 1141 Whin or pretty Wbm.JOQ5.The Wbicbpn or Quicken tree A 418 White route is Solomons feale.6c/^..Wbite rot,is Butter wort. 534 White Wort is F tat her few. S3. Whortes, or Wkortle berries , and she forts. 1455 Marfh Whorts. 1229. Widow waile. 201 7 be Wilding, or Crabbe tree and the forts. 1502 Willowes and the divers forts thereof. 142 9 Sea Willow. 1302. Dwarfe Willow and the forts. 1432 Clujius his fpiked'Willew.i^ 6.Winanke is Saffafras. j 607 Windejlower is Anemone. 542. W int&t for awes, is Bent- TCP Edo,trie called Set wall, ff'jjfe. H59 1 Wimote is Marfh Mallow. Whiter Cherries and the forts. W intergreeue is Pyrola. W inter Cherrie tree. With-winde, is B indeuxede. 169. Witty. Sallow. Witch Hafellis Hornebeame. 1405. W oade and the forts.600 Indian Woade or Indico. ibid. W ood made florte . 1276 W oodroofe or W oodrowell. 5 6uand B reakflone Vfoodroofe.^5^ 3 C 7 462 508 353 is Willow and 4*5 Woodbind: and the forts. 1460. Dwarfe Woodbinde. Vpright Woodbinde. 1462. Woodfower is Woodforrell, Wood Sage, or Gar like Sage.no. Wood Night[hade. Wolfes bane and the forts. Suppofed Woolfesbane isDoronicuni. Wolfes claw Jldoffe. Wolfesflfls orfoifls, is Lupi crepitus. Wmnejeede, Wormewood, Englifh Wormefcede. W ormewood, and the fun dry forts thereef. Sea Wormewood and t U forts. Would or W side, is D)ers weede. Woundworts of many forts, from Achilles Wound wort. Dorias W oitnd wort. W ater W oundwort, is the W ater Soul diet. The iJVtale and flmall W otmdtrec, W rabp or fea W cede. Waiting leaves, Y. Y Arrow and the forts. Water Tarrow. The Tew tree, apples of Tauthor Love. Touthwort is Rofafolis. Lucca or Jucca. 2 . 14*1 349 310 3'9 1307 1323 1 02 867 90 98.C 102 602 to 722 693 54* 1249 i6$r I2JI 1668 423-i5 6 5- For cold and Ioynt Aches, &c. 40.88.2 II. 2 2 5.271.384.671, 7i2.7l8-.72i.877.i489.1543.1576.1670. Againft the poyfon of the Aconitc,or other dangerous Herbes. 285.736.988.1492. _ _ Forths biting of an Adder 5 i>k/e Viper. 5O3.I030.Ili2.l4i9. To clenfe the wombe of the Afterbirth, and to cxpelkhc Sccon- dine. 9.28.30.3i-43.46.4p.66.74,85.p2.i3y.l83.246.284. 345-37 8.408.435.462.624.627.681.689.703.718.73 3.885 P13.031.936.941.1028.103g.1382.1489.15co.1523.1530 1538.1581.1^53. Hurcfull to Agues.151.758- ■ " To belpc tertian or intermittive Agues. 4*II-38.8o.85-87.95* I0I.I I3.128.159.l6l. 1 -,7'.l8l.2 II.2 15.2-2,2.2 33.2 3 5.238. 248.258.267.298.3 50.3 59.4-8.41 6.421.422.444.497.5Q3- 504.5 71.5 74.5 9-7.616.6 2 4.67 6.712.718.7 5 7 - 7 7 5.8 3 2.8^0 927. 937-939-94 I -977-S'9 : * 1220,12 27.1231.1258.1377- 1415.143 8.1439.T499.1529.1547.15 54.1557.1559.1578. 1583.15 94.1605.1606.1607.161C.1618.1622.1630-1634. 1637.1638.1642.1665.1666.1670. For a quartaine Ague.63.72.i08.2 15-219-222.248.267.384 401.421.422.44O.497.574.592.597.607.616.676.69 3.69 5. 718.736.861.92 2.927.937.943.988.IO3O.IC41.1377.1552. 1594.1664. Fora quotidian AgHe. l8l.250.40i.422. 540.676.937.988. P90.i578.l607.l664.l666. Tocoole the hot fitsof Agueijand to quench thirft. 238.240. 268.248.368.577.723.733,745.747.757-77 ! -773 81.3.815 937.1097.1131.1132,1137. 1415.1486.1503.1506.1508. 1513.1559.1563. To drive away Antes .16. To helpe Saint Anthonies fire. 23.115. I35. 308.345.349. 3 68406.43 8.445.515.517-5 19-^02.723.7 33.741.750- 752.762.767.777*790. 867-919.934. 1005. 1021. 1028. 1068.1211,1221.1238.1250.1255.1263.1455. 1477.1549. *557-l56l-l6l4.l663. To procure an appetite and for them that cannot rellifh their tncate. 6. 3 5- 210.238. 241.-248.359.408.413 563.567.652. ’745-747-'/61.817.873.922.936.1022.102 4.1075.1227.1440 1505.7506.1513.1^10.1526- 1557- M58.1560.1561.1563. 1 569.1590.16: 5.1608.1624.1634.1 635.163 6.1 6 3 7.1638 1651. 1664. For the ApopUxy. 74 . 1 6l.225.721.860.892.1 394.1664. To breedthc Apoplexy.1320.1558. Totethper hoc Apofthumcs.2 IC.278.324.345.5 39.438.445. 490.5 34.5 6 3.5 97,602.721.7 5 0.761.771.1 3 73.1 5 42. To denle Apofthumes and inward Vlcers.781.839, Againft venemous Arrowes.93 9.943.1642.1 6 64. To caufe Afparagus buds to be tender. 45 6. Thofc Plants that have an Aftringcntor binding quality in them 248.275.444.ii48.4s 2.169.51°. 115.518.522.524.584.5 3 9 545.540.567.584.602.621,641.657.619.662.666.687.705 721.73 6.7 39.752.1016.ir2i.103 3.1067.1107.1127.1210. I236.1246.l250.12l9.1291 1314.1389.1392.1305.13 98. 1399.1402.1403.1409.14141340.1444.1440. 1452.1413. J5c2.151l.1526.1531.1138.1347.1559.i606.1634.1638. B For paines and weakeneflein the Backeand rcines,and toftreng- 1hcnthcm.60.141.145.456.503.514.538.559S35.9i7.1520. 3 jj47* To temper the heateofthe Backeand reinM.237.228.503.76l 771.777-151^- Balfames for Greene wounds. 506. 507. 508. 5i8.72i.SO39, Toccnbalmt the Bodyesofthe dead.1c93.1533.154I. Tocaule Barrerim lie.6So IC38.I3C6. TohelpcBarrenneffe and caufefru1rfullnelTe.40.5e.345. 537* 552.7 J 5.922.974.1076 I529.i5660ls70.l607. Againft theharmc by. venemousBeafts or creatures.26.29.35.46 110.113.115. 124 . 128 .135.258.285 3 I 7.370.372.389.3930 401.408416.418.43 O.44O.442.44 4.46 7.490.492.503.542. 559.179.604.054.658.676.683.712.718.733.751.767.832. 873.890.903.910.924.925.939.941.951.953.964.968. IO32, 105 1.1091.1112. II 23.1295 I299.I32O. I389.I4T4. I4i7.i428.i438.l455.i486.l489.i493.l495. I5O6. I577 1581.1 59O.I 594.l6ll.l6i 2. To drive away venemous Bcafts.2p.30. To kill all forts offourefooted beafts.2lp.3i8.380.387. To helpe thofe Beafts whofeintrailes goe our.03.408. To helpe Beafts and cattle of coughes.577. To make hard Becfeco boyle tender. 1475. Good for Bees to feed on.44.522. To helpe the flinging ofBeejjwafprsj&c.6.4J.. 308.456.715. 73 3.1489. To kill Bees. 14" 5. To keepe Bees together from flying away. 144.5 2 O, For fovvre Belching*. 18.584.588. <5 16.666.pi 1. For the hardnefle of childrens Bdiycs. 7.184.176. To loofen tl c Belly gcnily.20.76.151 -l 59-17 3 -I77.l80.i96 206.2 1 5.237-241.2 50.252.254.262.265.^68.271.275.28 4. 28 d, 307 . 384442 . 45 |. 462 . 5 i 5 . 59 :.Si 6 . 655 . 725 . 710.752 757 77i-° I 2 024.876.881.022.p23.1012.1024.1038.1041 1051.1058.1068,1076.1078.1077.1142.1227. 133-. 1365. I 4 ° 2 .1414.1427.1440.1459.1^2.1473.1495. M-97- 1502. 1503.1506.1513.1514.1516.1530.1557.1558. 1572.1614, 1619.1620. 1 • Againft the griping paines of the BcWyjvide Chollicke. 14.37.40 43-128.215.258.27i.285. 467.1030. H75.1253. 1272. 1.492.. T o binde the Belly tide,to ft ay the Laske.2 3.72.1 5 p.pp 3.1003 I016.1022.1068.1073.I131.1137.1303.1395. 1402. 1455, 1487.1502.1 yii. 1513.1516.1520.1524.1578.1581.1598- 1612. 1614.1636.1638. Birdlime.253. To catch Birdes.1664. For Biles and botches.43.60.63.18l.745.1127.' To kill thcBtrth.37.i35.i62.l83.i66.2i7.i577.1594. Forpsinesin the rcyncsandBladder.119.538.87i. 725.1097* 1103.1108.124.145 y.1477.1579. For the Vlcers and carnoiity in the Bladder and paflages. 430, 463.511.5 52.571.1099.1175.1203.1291.1573. For the ftone in the Bladdcr.7.1I.i8r.233« Hurtfull to the Bladder.46.416.929.1076.1 557. To helpe thofe that areBlafted.723. For thofe that Bleed at the mouth or nofe,or that pifTe blood.95 >3 5 - i8 4 - 3 93 - 391 - 4 c i- 44 2 .44 4 - 4 6 7 - 469.681.687.693.60?. 700.706.71 j. 714.731.716.739.755.810.867.876.887.899 i021.1033.1051.1087.1108.1121.1i26. 1180. 1201.1206. 1215.1219.12 23.1227.1230.1240.1214.1309. 1114. 1575, 1593.1602.1609. To flay the Bleeding of wound, and to flay the flmc of blood un¬ to them. io8.< 0 them. 308.430.527.1201.1165. To helpe Blindnefle.54-. Topurge and clenfe the Blood. II 9.177.226.135.20 2.282. 2S4.286.29O.552.624.627.767.885.927.99O. 1227.1218. Toencrcafe Blood.790.919.1558. To temper and coolethe heate of Blood. 235. 252. 401.416. 44 ^ 723 . 731 . 745 . 747 . 758 . 761 . 767 . 77I-773-777- 79°- To breed ill Blood.1131. Todiflolyc.congcald Blood by falls, 8cc . 114. 138. 159.181 250.284.491.525.574. 591.612.689.700. 708,858. 915 I 573 . 1593 - tiiiiil T® 1748 The Table of the Virtues. To flay bleeding,or that piffe blood. 9.54. 10S. 119.144,14*. i 5 i.i *9 2 ii. 5 S 4 - 5 ^ 5 +?. 545 - 549 - 552 , 554 - 555 - 59 ». 6 C 2 - 607.696.893. I coo. ICI2 1130. 1203.1380.1392.1398. T422.a423.T436.1447. 1452.1455. I 477.1484. 1492.15 IT. 1515.1*16.1526.1532.1547.1549-^57- 1559-1560-iS^ 1 * 1622.1632. EfFeftuall for all rhe difeafes of the Body. 271.528.1033. To eafc paines and torments of the Body and bowels. 678.832. 889 . 90 i. 9 o 8 . 9 io.oi 3 . 925 . 9 ? 7 . 94 2 - 953 - 997 - 1021 - To cjufe 1 good colour in the body. 119.148.287. For one that hath his Body drawne together. 13 94. To coireftthe ftrong Gnellof the Body and armfpits.974. 1 For to knit broken Bones. 4*2. 528. 1039. 1455. 1487. 1526. To cover naked Bones with flefh. 95 1 . 1595 * For the Botts in Cattle. 408.593.1028.1042.1429. For the griping paines in the Bowel*. 1102. I123.12C3. I469. 3486.154-7.1577. For theflipperineffeand VIcers in the Bowels. IG22.1442. To helpe giddineffe in the braine. 9. 14.43. 72. 74. 108.119. 136.148.226.248.250.268.285.721.1028.1030.1508.1526. 1529.1558.1 565.1566.1568.1670. To purge the braine of rheumc. 1 19 2iO.832.943.951.1365. 1583. Fora cold moift Braine. 1580. 1590. 1611. 1614.161*. 167a Hurtful I to the Braine. 66.681.1133.1452.1547. Forpaines inthe Breaft,&c.456. 1033.1583. To clcanfe the Breaft and Lungs, and to expeftorate flegme. 46. 54.72.85.89.IC3.124.148.181.211.250 252. 253.258.259. 281.294.298308,324.3 *9.368.378.408.424.442.490.552. 5^7-5 P7. 6 i 9. 6 29- 5 5+S24.835.S5 2.877.951.352.955.964. 1052.1079.1495-15 83.1601.1610. To encreafe Miikc in womens Brea (Is,tide Milkc. To helpe fwcllings and hardnefle of womens Breafts. 184.196. 285.308.364.835.924.934.1055.1080- 1136. Il8o. To helpe womens great Breafts. 35.46. 539. 1263. 1366. 1538.1606. To helpe the wounds oftheBreaft. 592. To hcale womens fore Breafts. 278. 389. 525.673. 715.72 3219.1505. Hurtful I to thofe that have a fhort Breath.813. For the fhortnefle of Breath. 4.37. 38.46. 85.89. 115.124. 13 5.148.161.162.181.190.198.235,237.246.252.257.271 • 234.294. 308.3O9.378. 420. 435. 437. 442. 467.490.515 616.629. 655.676.723. 807. 824.835.877. 879. 881.885 887.911. P 4 >- 943-955 1C28. 1041.1047.1051.1053.1058. 1099.1132.1220.13j4.1377.1460. 1477.1489.1495.1510. 1527. 1529. I 538 -I 554 - 1557 - 1558-1568.1570.15 16c9.1618.1641.1664. Tomake oj caufea fwcctc B.eath. 1526. 1570.1578.1581. 3 585.15 86.1601.1615.3 620. To mend a ftincking Breath. 35.76.101. 141.148.250.259. 91 1.927.964.9-4.982.995.1030. 1031.1149.1506. 1582. 1594.1601.1620.1666. To caufe a ftincking Ircath.255.807.i03i.i455. For them tint cannot take tlxir Breath unlelfe they hold their necke* upright. 43.89. Good againft Bruifcshyfallsjbcatings.or otherwife. 40. 115. 144.275.294.4r8.350.472.3S9.393.395.401.408. 43 s. 460.4-s.4S3.492.508.51 8.525.527.532.559 5+°- ‘>« 5 - 574 - 591 - 597 - 598-^07.613.616.653.700.708. 71S.S58. S 79 . 908.915.1030.1055.1577.161- To helpe the difeafecalled le Mruh.^if. For burnings orfcaldings by fire or water. 31.151. 210 . 255 - 308.515.517.5-4.575.577.617.659.674.681.715.-29.733. 75 2 . 77 i. 79 < 2 .874.917.99o- 1275 . 1221.1224.1236. 1305. 1408.1428.144-.1492.1457.1504.1532.1538.1550.1557. For B urflings or Ruptures. 9.23.37.63.95.113.114.138.141. 159.219.25 : 275.278. 2c4.3i8.559.378 389.393. 395.408. 4 + 8 . 4524 fi 7 i 4 ' 59 . 475 . 5 O 5 . 5 O 7 . 508 . 524 . 532 .534- 539 - 54 v 567-588. 592. 616.621. 655.-658.687.689. 693.700.703. 708.715.718.725 .727.877.881.885. 953.993.995. 1030. 1032.1039.1051.1O93.1 108.1m. 1203.1205.1395.1405. 1432.1447.15111571.1579.16l6.1f20. C To helpe a Cachexia, or indifpoGtion of the whole body.80.241, 597777 .V 85 99 0 . 1 558.1584. 1399 - 1 o nelpc Cankers in the mouth.54.1407. 1 5 11 . For the Canker called the Wolfe. 1486. To helpe thofe that have taken Cantharidei. 750.915. 1589. 6 09. To helpe pcftilcntiallCarbuncl cs.559.939.95i. 1028.1075. 10801414.1477.1542. To ft ay Catarrhes aodthinne rhein^e, 40, 72.108. 176.259.I SO.lo31.14j5. 49.I394-I474- 298.368.671.689.747.790.860.876.884. 1485. [489.1530.1543.161^2.1622. + fofatten Cattle.i 116.1139.1142.1 To rowell Cattle. 216. For the fwimmingtef Cardc.h;idscaufi,if than l0 tomc ounJ 350 --. . Hurtfull to Cattle^ 1 5.676. Caufticke medicines.28.1495.1 5 *9.1 568. To cure the bitins of the horned Serpent Ceraftes. 255. For Chap* or Cbilblanes of the hands or recce. 364. 514.732 7 - 4 — f 2.1000.1^6} 1441. 1123.1129. 1365.1475.1495; 15 ° 4 -i 5 2 7 -i 54 2 .- 1 549 - For the Chaps of the fundament. 1527.1542. vide Vlccrsin the Fundament. To make Chafte,8i3.i438. vide to reprefte Vencry. To keepeChcefes from corrupiing.35.378. Good for women with child, d. yi. 94 I.1516.1565. Hurtfull to women with Ch ids, vide Aboruon>4o8.624. To expel! the dead Childe. 23.28.30.31. 54.-74. 85.90 ic8 U6.128.181.273.281.2S4. 294-345.359-408 462.467.517. 520.624.627-68l.71S.776. 901.908.943.951.1028.1075. 1238.1242.1440.1*29.1533.1*71.1594. To help.- the fpeedy delivery of women with Childe. 9.20 02 236.' 294. 3c8.434.440. 616.702. 703. 807.856. 887. 908! 1030.1301.1365. >366. 1461- 1469* i 4 8 9 . 1558. 1 sSo. 1599.1620.1635. To produce male or fcmtlc ChilJren.298.1 569. To keepe Children from growing too fa/f. 1055. Tn purgeCliQlIcf jod flegme. 11.18.80.S5.1C 1.159.161 162 165.177.lSl.18j.l90.196.198.200.208.21c. 225.2-8.2; s’ 237-i40.242246.248.250.253.258.259.261.267.2-s.2cn1 298.439-575.5p8.634. 757.777.,, 21. 1022.1038.1041 IG51.1 2S6.1333.1365.1402.1442.1540. To rcprt(TcCoollcr.35.295 445.448.5 18.532.574.673 6 77 . 723.758.771S12.813.1108.1227. 1505. 1506. 1513.1559 1560.1569 1 592. To purge blacke.ind burnt ChoIIer.il 1.2 50.168.278.281.290 For the winde Collicke and paines in the belly.35. 65.72.74 85 88. 102. 114. 119.124.135.138.141.148.161. 181 .Vsi 2c6.210.240.250.254.258.261.29O.294 316.359.372.269. 390.401.408. 418. 456.503.592. 597. 598. 616. 618.621 666.673.677.693.702.708.712.715-72 *.7-5*790.822.823. 8 2 8-67 6.887.903.908.911.919.9 2 5.939.941.943.948.941 964988.1022.1031.1039.1060.1133.1136. 1137. 1337 1365.1414.1436.1469.1480.1486.1489. 1515.1516 ,e2 0 ' 1526.1527.1552.1558.1,67.1581.1585. 1586.1599. Ifi , l6 I9.1 621. I 65O.I 664.1 680. Forthe itching of the Cods.54.1125. For thefwcllmg of the Cods. 9.12 j.. 135.308.549.364.372 391-^2.^73. 676.741.835.887.919. 1053:1263. 133;; 1438.1455. To helpe decayed Cofturcr6.9i9.943. For members benummed or child with Cold. 1123. For Colds,Coughs and hoarfenefle. 1 35.141.148.2 *2.2 55.2 §5 359 . 378 . 389 . 4 cS. 43 ?"t 9 °. 5 I 5 - 5 S 2 . 6 i 6 . 6 ! ;. 6 7 6 ' 1 693 . 7 i.h 768.79O.819.824.835.86r.876.8S1.9c8.939.94t.951.9jj 993.1013.1030.1031.1032. 1041. 1051.1055. 1128.1132! 1135.1192.1201 1213.1222.1337. 1402 1477.1497.1509. 1515. I 5 i 6 . 7520 . 1526. 1527. 1529. 1530. 1547. [jj, 1 5 * 7 . 1563 . 1 * 87 . 1 602.1 60*. 1607 . l64T. To canfe a good Colour in the face and body. 4. 676. 885. 939. 1051.1079.1379.1407.1495.1520.1558.1570.1581.1582 To further womens Conceptions.4.903.917.1 3 94.1607.1 6 Jl To hinder their conceptions.271.712.IO46.1146.1 *33. To helpe Confumptions. 46. 54.77. IOI.215. 2I P- 250.2-1. 368.408.4i3.497.552.6i3.768.779.78i.911.936.993.io53 I080.ic99.i224.i30i.1436.1558 1565.1578.1587. For Contraftions, Convulhoni,or fhrinkrng of the finewes. 16. 23 - 37 . 4474 -P ? * 95 - II 3 II r ?- I 4 i-M 5 -181.184.215.224.340! 2 5o- 2 59- 2 67.3-’3.294308.324.370.456.616.655.715,721. 757.761.-790.874.877. S83.912. 94 °- 95 1 - 9*3-i-24.1030. 1-32.1461.1489.149*.1527.1529.1 *83.16*1. Agunft Corpulence, and tocaule Ica0cncflc.31.13*.210.568. 7*0.885.1419. To take awav Comes. 19O.327.733.979.1436. To helpe thofe that aremuebgiven to be Coftive.1592. For old and dry Coughes~j..9.i6.l8.3l.38. 46. 63. 72.77.85. 108.113.115.124.l6l.l8l.2n.219.23*. 237.260. 26“. 309. 359 - 457 .467- 597 * 59 8 -666.72:. 852. 875.8S-. 90S. 91 r. 1405.15.16.1459.1469. 1478.1469.1489.14-5.1538.1571. 1577.159; 1594.1601.1618. For the Cough of the Lwngs.89.l9O.497.666.693.723. 800. 861.890.911^936.947.10*3.1220.1301.1*16,1602 161,7. Forthe Chin-cough in Ch1ldren.308.3O9. To fet one a Coughing.3 5 9.1146. Hurtfull for the Cough. 1414. To *7 he Table of the Virtues. *74 9 To procure vromcns Courier, 4,6,9,14,16,18,2 3,26,29,30 3 E , 3 - 7 , 39,43 > 44,4 6 , 54 ,60,7 2,74,8 3.85,90 92,95,101,108, 1x3,115,124.128,134,141.145.148,160,162,177,180,181, 210.211,216,219,223,348, 250,253, 258,259, 267,271, 2 73,275>2S4>2p4,298,359,378,3 89,408, 410,420,424 • 4 ‘“ --- - . 6 8 __ . poi,902,508,910,91 3,914,915,922,923, 925,927,928’ 93 I, 9?6,937,939,941,945,948,951^953,988,1024,1028 1030,1051,1075,1076,11 27,1146,1186,1238,1240,1242. -1287,1365,*377, 1381,1438. 1440, 1445, 1447,1489, 1506,1516,1529,1530,1565,1570,1571,15,3.1574,1581, 1583.1590,1594,1620,1623,1632. To flay womens coo abounding Courier, 23,35, 5 4,275,3 49 , 3 64,368,3 84,39 3,401,444,448,452,497,507,511,522,5 24, 534 1 5o9,543'54S,355,468,592, So-, 6,8, 658,659, 687 693,095,7 00 ,7i4’7 2 3'’33,7+5,752,757"738, 830, 86- 871.888.1013.1 016,1021, ic 30,1031, 1033,1068,1091, 1192, 1203, 1219, 1227, 1236, 1256,130,, 1314,13 Sg, 1392,1398,1402, 415,1416,1423,1436,1440,1447,1452, 1470,1480,1492,1515,1521,1524,1526,1528,1532,1547, 1249,1560,1561,1575,1581,1596. for Cramps, 9,16,2 3 ,30,31,40.63,8 3,88,108,144,1*9 181, 204,211,215,219,226, 259,284, 368,384,456,467,500, 574 , 689,717 7‘ 8 >7 2 5>88i,885,939,943,993,1024, l 2 gi, 1460,1573,1593. To kill any female Creature, 3 70. To kill Crowe s,&c.1602. Tokeale frefhCucsin thefinewes. 26,5 18. To clenfe the head of Dandruff., 35,108,2 50 , 2 5 5,3 08 3 1 < 5 , 2 . Again It Deafencfle, 163,184,2 1 6,240,250,298, 364,807, 940.1 365,1415,1436,1495,7 516. How Deere,Goats,&c.have beenc healed of their hurts,128,597. To htlpe Deformiricsand blcmiihesinthc bod., 63.195884, 972,1103,1365,1428,1583. ’ * For Defluxions of humours upon the joynts,^43. To caufe a fpcedy D„livery in childbirth, vide women with child. To try vyhechcr a ficke perfon ihill lire or Dye,972. Againft the Difficulty in making water, 1 vide Strangury. To helpe Digeftion, 35,43,76,82, H 4>1 35,138,148,359 >,8l- - -° - -- 010,052,055,^03,7 911,013,819,8 32,908,910,911,914,91 o, 9*7,937^41,1071,1287,1364, 1480,1*03, 1506,1558, 1570,1578,1590,1607,1608,161 3,1620,1623. To hinder Digeftion, 20. I24, 155 , 15 1,159,»I9,226,268, 2 3,359, 655,714,775,876, 9 37,941,1030,1031,1326,13 30,143 6,1440. For the French Difeafe,wrfe great Pox. ; For cold Difeafes of the head 8cc.j6. For contagious Difeafes,410,418,1574,1590,1 6 11,l6l2. For inveterate Difeafes,4c8. 1 To preferve the body from dangerous Difea&s,151,10^2. For Diffincflc, turnings,or fvvimmingin the head-called VirtiiO. 85,161,181,250,861,1389. Good againft rheumaticke Diftillations or defluxions, 54, 72, 9,124,148,176,181,2 35,2 3 8,248,250,* 2 7 3,294, 1382,1416,1423. 1449 .i 45 2 » 1 477 >i 4 ? 9 »i 530 > ^ 43 * l 55 ^ 15^5,1566.1576,1587.1594 icoi, 1602,1606,1607, i6c8, 1609,1612,1620,1622,1670. Againft diftradion of the fcnfes,22 6. To kill Dogs,Wolves,&c. 315,456,972,1 443,1470,1602. To cure the biting of a mad Dogge, 3 5,43 ,46.132, 210,389. 408,42 1 , 442 , 498,5 i5,559>59 I > 6 l ^>779»87 3,93 9>94 1 ’95 2 > 9 72,1013,1022,1080,1123,1224,1231, 1414,1429,1470, 1495-1516,1557,1609. T o caufe the paines of a mad Dogs biting being cored, to retarne 3 gainc,i 52 2. T o cure Dogs,Sheepe,&c.of che maneie, 1073, To kill mid Dogs,Snakes,&C.1416. - Good Downe for cufhions,3 8 9. For the biting of the Sea Dragon, 101. To caufeDrHnkcnnefl'e,6o,i I46>II49. T o pre ferve from Drunkcnnefie, ICI ,271,3 78^ 6 16,68 1,1 $06, To caufe troublcfome Dreame8.io68,i 146. To htlpe tronblefome Dreames,i04I1 To clecrc thick or muddy Drinke, 677. To breede the Dropfie. 456 >l 558 . To helps the Dropfie,4,l 4.16,20,2 5 ,31,7 2,88* 101,108,13 5,- / J4 i 3 i 45> i 4^» i 59 * 1 61,163,168,181,183.190,196,204-08 2 i°’ 2 l 5 > 2I 9 > 2 22 , 22 4 , 233-211,245,, 2^8,250,258 250’ ? i » 28 5 * 2 9 °,, 849 - 35 ^ 59 . 3 & 4 > 3 &>, 46 ?, 4 /> 49 ^» 5 0j - 5 -r 0, S 97 > 6i6,6j8, 642,676, 693,712,718 ^tVol° ,7 o 7 ’ 79 fiS bl5,874, / 77 ’ 5 ° 5, 91J * 92 ^ 9 2 5 -S 33 ] ^^397-»977>988,990,i026 > i030,i03 1,1038,1076,1201, >,489 ’ J495 ' ,51I ‘ 1558,-584. For the Drowfic cvilI,D/t/ff Letfiargie. For the Dullneffe of the fpirits,5J,T 08,238,1 591. To kelpcchc kernels of the Eare*,i5c,io55,ii2Jii3 7 ,j4ne' For impofthumes bchindc the Eares,54,3oS g Vc. 5 . Forniirit'c-inrl ;».L. r... . . / ‘ J s' s Hurtful! to the fi>es,886,ico8,1 146 , 1440 . For paines in the Eyes, and to helpe a w cake fight. 77. 3 i 2 Hfeiflbs! 7 ' 815 ’ 911 * 922 ’ 939 ’ 9,3> 10?1 ° 1 ° quicken the Eye-fight,6,31,46,80,101,1 41,248,268-2 co 3 - E °, 45 8,655,876.883^,911,953. 1 601. ’ X 128, 3 1 E>CSCaIlcd ^S‘I°P s r I59> 2 71, 71 ^ 1127 , lo take awayhlmes or skins growing over thefiyes 4 4.2 62 r 4 V/- 5 Ij V 8 V? 6j2; i>349 ^ 7 6 s37^. 408.43 c, 5 5 9,5 6 i ,61 g' 6 24,627. 6n6.n~t Q \ c go- J .. n°® Forinflamations and redneftein the Eve x 4» 3 1*95,115,1 3 2,! 50, 159,1,6. called blood ffiottea. 985,997,l0l6,lO2I,lQ22, 1031, 1068,1007? 100S?i? 3 ,o’ U2 7 ,1219,1263,1291,1301,1306,1 3I 4j 3 9 7 , I / aS , I r 14401477,1480,1504,1544,1385,1602,1618,1645 43 ’ For bleareEyes,9,5?.2,88p. For Ameer into die Ey«,i 41.468430.559.561.618^24^7, 676.677.714.718721.758.815.885.941, 9S5. 1013. JO14. 15x1.15 49 • For fpots in the F.ycr, 269.5 jC !^ lit r ±9 1 .601.718.997. For hurts and blowcson the Eyes,547-l055, yJ For watering Eyes, 119.298430.507. 522.532.5 54.673.677. 1219.12911301.1306.1337.1532.1543.1547.1595. “ for Eyes that (well out,1055. For fretting fores in the corners of the Eyes, 1543. For whealcs andfeabson the Eye lids,997. Torakcaway thefuperfluoushaircsof the EyebroweSijSc, To breedehairc on the bare Eye lids,1596. Hurtfull to theEyes,886.i068.lO76.l 1 46.1440. For thcEpilepfieyt/hk Fallingficknefte,163.226. For the Excoriation of the bowels, 308.497. For the Exulceration of the intrals, 135.185. 19O. 2 C 0 . 308, 3 2 7 - 339 - 359 -i 44 °- I 494 - To confume Excrc lienees,vris Warts and Wens. To Exu’cerate theskin,l 587 . For therednefte of the Faccj63.762.8i9.985 To clenfe tkc Face and skinne.and make itfmoth, 3C-i63. 196. 198.408.420.442.^1.538.652.655. 658.7OO.759.79O.80 7, 814.820.948.972.985.i055.1075.1436.i5c8. For the Falling ficknefte,31.54.72.74. 6 .ig 8. 128.132. 135. 161.162.163.181.215.219.250.263.265.268.282. 285.308. 368,389-401418.435.456.498.616.654.673, 718.723.757. 832.06O.874.876-877.80I.883.8c2.895.9Oo. 911. 924.939. 943-95 i- 95 2 -P 55 -i 0 3 ii 05 2 10 Si.1296.1301.1381. 1394. 1407-1412.1495-15 2 9.15 5 2.1565.1566.1573.1574.1577' 1593.1599.1620.1664. To make the body grow Fat ,2 55.771.773.IO97, For Fals,xi/de Bruifes. For Fellonsandvenomes,60.350.391.557.858.1055. For burn i ng Fea vours, 113 2.113 7.1606, ForpeftilentiallFcaYours,237.278.395.4i8. 420.42I. 483/ 492.552.559.s55.745.747.7S7. >77782,886.874.n80. Iiiiiii » 1263, i 7 5° The Table of the Virtues, 1263.1389.1433.1442.1499.15:6.1509.1525.1553.1632. 1 For Hefticke Feavours,i 132. For fwearing and flincke of the Feetc.1447, Toprefervc Figgs^. To catch Fifh,iS5.19c .295.519.364.681.755.1058.1544. 15S2. To hdpedifeafed Filli.924. A fcate for Fiihcr»,598. To he.ilc Fjflulaes or hollow Vlccrs, 13K.216. 259.294.349- 376-378.4 ">1.-03.438.442.5 n.525.634.671.677.695.708. - J y- 8 35 - 958 - 99 010 3 <: '- 1 1-3 12501354.1557.167^7- To open the too foonc clofed mouthes ol Fiftulacs or other fores, 1208.1306. To pu gc fait Flegme, 63 .i 465 . Topurge Flegmc,9.11.261 263.28l.2S7.345.5347OO.876. 10:2.1024.1041.1487.1610. T o txpedlorate tough Flegme 3 4 . 6 . 9 . 3 c. 3 1.114.145.210.267 278-524.604.51:790.877.89a. 908. 927! 928.937.948; 1080.1091.1099.1213.1478.1503.15:9.1530.1542.1557 155s.1618.1641. To take away proud Flefh in forts 2S1. Todrive away FI es,Wafpes.&c.46.2l 1.219.545. 591. 681. 858.1030.1035.1 -'38.1075.1377.1^78. To kill and rid aw >y Fleas, 161.211.858.1409, To kill Foxes,1516. For the Flux of the ftomacke 3 498.8o7. Tb ftay the Vloody Flix, 43.54.63. IOI.Ii3.Ii5. 1 50.059. 30B.324.364.370.393.40 1 .444.5G3.;511-S 43 - 545 - 568.584. 659.681.693 895.728741 745 - 75275 s - 997-990. 1000. 1013.1033.1047.1997.1361.1389.1392.1402. 14.c9.1447. i 45 2 - i 455 i 495- 1 5 i 1 i 53 2 ,i 594- i 609. To ftay the Flux of the belly or humours, 119.138.148.15 9. 2 y8 3 ° 4 - 395 4-2^t44444 s - 45 2 *4694.97.5o8.51 19.52.,.. 543. 545*549-5g s -59 0 -593-592-$5&685.7o672372 ,-728.733. 7>6.739;784.790.867.948. iocs. 1016.. 1021. 103c. 1067 1^95.1108.1 123.112-. 1157.1 $41.1219. i2;6. 1250.1254' i296.i3P9.i3i4i3S2.i389.i.392.i.;29. 1447. 1455.1477- 149 1 •i 5 ° 5 ,I 5 2 6-i 552- 1 547.1549.1574.1,575.1591.1603 1609. To hclpe Forgctfulneflcj-uit/e memory. Againft the prickings of the ForkcHlh,54. To hclpaFrantickeperfons, or the frenhe,9.128.C 19.226.238 349-368.369.456498.616.676.723.733.881. 911.955-985 1031.1254.1438.1506. -• For the French p bx^ide gi-earpox, ForthcFrettingsofileskin ,745.1 452.1557. For the Frc;s in children,908 924. For Fieckles,iw/efpots,i63.494.700.1438. AFucus for the £^,348.1058/1075.1576.1595. For the falling downe of the Fundament^ 63.132 21 1 .259.378. 55c.939.1392.i455.i526.j547.1549. -For thechaps in the Fundament,3 5. \ Forthe Ftllulaes or hollow Vlcersinthe fundament,1135. Tocool e the heate and paines in the fundament. 673.721.757. S83.953.1021.1108.1203.15 57. To takeaway waits in the fundament, 1557. G. For the overflowingofthe Gall,vitf Iaundifc,38. To take away thcfmcll of Garlicke J &c,i35.874.924.i6l2. Topreferve Garments, 1440. To perfume Garments, glovcs,&:c. 1441.1465.1469. To helpe Gangrecnt, 181.216.418.442.445.524.525. 609. S 92 . 9 ; 9 .? 45 - To68 -i r 73 - It 8 o.i 146.141+ 1452.1-j80.14g.;. To make glaflh fofr,673. TokillGoatSji 28 . 2 -t 2 . I For tleGoutein the fcete,930.63.83.ioS.i 13.135.159.161. 1 l8l.l83.2-4.2ic.2i 1.219.222.22'.233.235.240.250. 259.! 2-3278^84.290.298.349.364.568.370. 378438.442. 498. 524.532.569.571.574.577.598.607.616.625.627,655.676. vZ 7 'Zq^ % qH ’^ 1 *7 4 1 $°- 77 1 775 -83 2.83 5.85 4. | 860.883.885.941.943.944.951.953.993. 1C24. 1030.1031. 1 1055.1096-1097.1123-1131.1149.1255.1263. 1201. 1295. i3c 3 . l 365. i 405.i4i2.T436-.i486.i5>7.i549-iS65. 1567. i573- I ‘579-i5 s 7i 588.1606.1647.1651.1671. For the Goutcin the hands, 135.498.677 854.934. Againft thegnawings in the ftomacke 3 «yideftomacke J Againft the H'p-goute,*/^ Sciatica. To cxpell gravell ,'vide the St&nc. To dye eloth,&c. intoagreene coloar.229, fub titulo Grecnc- vyeede,604. For the grecne GcknefTe,or pale colour in maids or women, 250. 273.990.1558. Fur fwellingsand inflamarions in thegroine, 132.T 108.1616. - To entertaine^hat isto ridde an unwellccmegueft, 349.3'’S. To clen£ the Gpmroes and teeth, 294.1620, For the much bleeding ofche gummcs i i047. To ftrengthen loofe and fpungie gumtxies,36.76.3 93.75S.1013 1016.1030.1440.1526.1560.1620. ^ ? Forforeand foalegummcs,351.525.724. IC21. 1087. 12'9 1301.1532. For paines in the guts .-vide belly. Againft the danger of Gvplum. H. i s" 1 -p Caulc H- lire t0 g row > 95 - 2 2 4 879.983.; 11 46. 1 405. 1 315, ^ o makeHairc to grow chicke and faire, 1051. 1052. 1414 * 443 - 1492 . Tobcautifie the Haire,i4i 2. To ftay the lading of the Haire, 1 5i.l6l.i77.308.438. 5 15. 666.696.752.832 939.960. 1051. 1052. 1211. i:22.14li- >449 1478-1505-1524 1 547 - 1595 - Torokeaway haire,190.681.1042.1436.1494.1 557. To make the haire blackc,54.78.1 21. 2 10.2 I I .505.681.1016 1080.1392.1449.1478.1 549. To make the haire yellow, 63.885. 1053.1146. 1224.1429. * 5 2 4 - Againft the poyfon of the fea Hare, 324. 1032. 1511.153-' 1609. ’ Fcrthcwormcs in the hands,nofe,&c.i 508. .Forthe headache,and paines in the head,^.20.26.3 j .a5.40.7-’ 74.8C.85.IOI.108.115.119.124.128. 151.150 Vdi ‘ 'rA 16 g-.l77-*81.210.211-215-219.226.246.253.25 ; ^58.268 2 78-34°-364-36^.498-5 2 o.537.6i6.676.68'' -02 712.-2 r 721.727.-33.752.757.761.771.777.812 800.881.88S.505 911.955.1c21.1129.1263.13 14. 1365. 1433. 1438.1447. I 493 - 1 5 16.1557-1 *58-156 0.1567.1570.1575.1598.! 5 ? 9 1593.1606.1608.1615.1670. For cue cold difeafes of the head, 14.35. 54.268. 721.1520 1565.1578.1601. ' • ~ i J- For thegiddinefle andfwimmincs in the head, 250 552.-752.B77.892.9n.951.1c31.H92. ■ 3 d-+ ' 5: ' 8 - To caufegiddineifein the head,i 140.1328. For the itching of the head,4. For the dry feabbe and feurffe of the head,3 5.13 5.1436.1440. For wounds and fra&ures in the head and skull, 16c 2. Topurgethehead,35.60.259.298.393.559.619. 681.752. 860.874.1365. ; To heale running fores in the head, 469.491.72i.752. 825. 916.1016.1028.1365.149*. For running fores in childrens heads,438.718. Hurt full to the head. or caufing headache, 145 *5 93 .5 98.817.' 86l. 874.876.890.1032.1068. IO79. H92.1389.1402.1414 14 16.1438.1440.1465.1491.1530-1547.1557. Tokeepethebodyin health,and free from difeafes,!031. To helpe decayed hearing,226.498.677.745.1031. For the Hemorrhoides,i>/depiles. Offenfive to the heart, 190.233. Cordials and helps to comfort and ftrengthen the heart againft tnfcaion, 20.43.72.77.113.138. 248.324.407. 410.41 6. 422. SS 4 . 745 - 757 . 7 “i. 7 <' 0 .°fio. 921 . 1021. 1030. 1053. 1397. l 433 - I 442 .1497.1459.1506.1509,1526.1565. 1566. 1572 1577.1578 1581.1582.1585.1592.1593.1606.1615.1645. For the faintin°s,tremblings,3nd pnflions of the heart, l i .20.43. 44.74.u9.248.3S9.410.418.758.768.774.7 77 .977.1016 1022.1047.1116.1378.1397.1433.1455.1489.1558.1574- 1586. 1592.1606.1666. To coolc the heat and inflammations oft he facc,throat, and bo- ^y» 4 * 393 . 8l 8 . 101 ^. 11 3 2 * To coole the heate and inflammations of fores,and of the privie parts, 1221. Good forHeftick-e perfcns,i 131.1578, Againft heayineflej-wde fadneflTc. To remedy the poyfonof Hemlocke, 16.2C4.442. 93 J.. I 530 1558. To remedy fuch as have taken Henbane or other poyfonous herbs,3 16.364.389.391.416.4^2.736.874. 885.895.90,2.919. 972. 1389.1 530.4 5 58. To ciufc Hens to lay egges plcntcfully,442.562.598.1131. To fatten Hens, poulny, and flieepe > &c. 41 8.562. 1 137.1141 1142.1474. To helpe Hens that have the pippe,i02S. To kill HenSjDuckSjGcefej&c^ 19.364. To ftay the Hickock,orHicquct,i 6 . 35 .159.294.372.591.88 5 886.911.917.1046.1077.1080.1314.1593. For hoarfenefle and the lofle of thcvoyce, 5-..2 52.2 5 5.271.278. 3C8.309.368.401.435.757. 835. 939.964/ ic.55. 1 :99 .iii 8. II2I.I2H.1222.1495.1497.1505.1513. 1.5 15. 1518.. 153c. 1 53 8 - 1 S 4 2 -** 47 -1 5 J 4- 1 5 57 - 1 574 - 1 S98.1618. To make hprfes leane,222. T0 cure horfes of the cough,&c. 14c 2. To 7 he Table of the F?rtues. 1751 Tohelpe the biting of a Horfe. To cake away filmes from Horfes eyes. 2 o. To I’.elpe the pricking of an Horfe in fhoomg.6 3. For Horfes and Cattle chat are Chapfalne.l 15^. To make a Horfe dale tl’atcannot. 21 1. Suppofed to loofcn locks,fetters and fhoocs from Horfes.50d. For the Stasgtrs in Horles.67 J. To remoovc rforfcleeches that ftickc in the ckoate.&c^p. For the painc of the Hucklebonc vtdc, Sciatica. ^ Topurgeand cxptll crude and grofle humours. 1 90.372. To reprclfe fbarpe and putride Humours.5 2 7.1509. 1 592. Toftaythe fluxibility of Humours in the body.iU-4. To flay Hunger and rhirft.IC£9 For all forts of.Hurts and foresm the budy.526. F or the Hypochondria paflion 72 1 .78 1 . For theblacke Iaundife.2 1 5•- 3 3 - 745 - 1 4 8o - I< -’ 10 - ro For the yellow iaundife.11.16.20.26.31.37.44 4 ^- 7 2 ‘ 77- 0 ’ 0 101.108.119.128.15 1 - 1 59- 1 ^ 1,1 77 -* 8 1 - 21 5 - 2 3 ^- 2 4 i-' 2 5 0 25 3.261.265.268.273.275.290.298.350..389. 393. 395 401.408.435.44S.455-4 62 -4 6 3 - 4 6 7 * 49 ^- 5 * 7 * 5 18-640.5 5 2 568.597.598.616.618.673.676. 677.691. ; 45 - 55°-755 758.; 67.781.81c.835.866.86-.874- 88 5-9 2 4-927-939-95 2 955.964 977.988.1005.1021.1031.1046.1051. 1076.1 J 7 5 1227.1287.1314.1365.1368.13 73 - 1 382-141 9 - 1 4 ° 9 - 1 5 '°°- 1178.1588. To make water become Ice.i 407. Toripcn hardImpoflhums,andto clenfe them.35.67.6S2.7i2. 745 . 757 - 7 ^i- 8 74 - 883 . 953 - io 55 - 1075.1131.1438.1452. 1538.1651. For inward Import! umcs.4.1 3.103. 1066.1097.1098. 132 p. 113 5.1139.1211.1 301.13 55.1394.1538. To make good blackclntke.l 192.1 5O9.1 5 1 Good againft Infectiousdifearts. 874.937. 972. 1414.1499. 1 506.1507.1509.1529. To affwage Inflammations. 60.115. 210.235.27i.278.298. 349.3 64.368.3 69.370.3 9 *; 4 ° 1 - 445 - 4^3 • 4 6 7 - 498 - 5 C 7 - 5 11 515.517.518. 539* 598- 602.607.627.6, 3.718.721.728 733. 7 4i.745.747-755-75M 2 -77i-774-777.790.8i 3.823 368.934.1008.1021.1032.1055.1098.1112.1131.1175.1203 1211.1219.1220.1249.1250.1253.1254.1255.1263.1291. 1309.1 314-1337-1389.1409.1412.M1.7.1452. 1453 - 15 * 4 - j536.156a1567.1575.1616.1663. tor Inflammations of the threate.o'we difeafes of the Throate. For ache*and fwellingsin the joynts. 14.31.34.54.' 7. 88.135 1097. 1134. 1137. 1526. 1527. 1530.1565.1567.1573 1576-1 579.1587.1608.1 647.1651.1670. For cold and ftiffVncfTe in theIoyntsorfinues, 2il.224.228. 2 40.25c. 2 5 9.408.625.65 5-7 l8 -1 $9 8,1 608.1664. To purge humours from the Ioynts 2 2 4.5 6f.l 576.i588.l6iO Toftaythe flux of humours to the Ioynts .1127.1136.1149. To confolidate and Tettle bone* and members out of Ioyot. 63. l8l.255.278.308.440.442.452.498.508.524.525.528.597 622.655.658.7cO.79O.830.876.95i.993.lO08. IC39. I041 . 1211.1303.1305. '455.14S7.1499.1 549-15 57 - To (Lengthen the Ioynts.l 4 . 43 * 54 ,I ^ 5 1 ' For punCtures and wounds in the Ioynts.1608.1622. For heate and Itching in the fecret parrs.807. For Itches. 16.3 0.46.97.IOI.I77.219.226. 229.238. 240. 2 50.2 5 9.28 1.29C.298• 3 78.3 9 5.4CI 442.491.498^5 5 2 .597 618619.634.655 677.7 12.745.752.757.761.7O7.825.85 2. 922.1CI3.1022.1031.1080.1131.1135.12:7. 1255. 1489. J4P5.1509.1526.15 3 ^ .1542.15-58.1584. 'J o harden Iron or fteele.693. To molicfie Ivory.345. A2ainft the poyfon oflxia. K To confume I ard kernels and knots in theflelh..l 63 '.l 8 l. 345. 559.395.401. ^52.612.736.761,877.8^3.9)9,939.1051. 1C65.I c75.10S3.1097.1098.n23.1146.1149.I224.r255. 1291.1337.13 65.13 94.1491 i495->6°5-i664. For Kibcd hcekj.Wt Chlblanes, 364.742.752. 1 324.1 365 13 75.T495.1549. , To clenfe the Kidneycs.35.181.233.250.258.741. For ulcers in the Kidneyci.511.53 4.5 40.741.774.1 6 27. Hurrfull to the Kidneyts.1076. For the duggesof Kine that arc fwolne.534. To caufe Kine and cattle to give inilke more abundantly. 241. 725.1083.1163.1474. Tocaufe Kine to goe to Bull.233. To he-pethe Kings Evill. 3 5.13 2.159.161.181.2 II. 7 34.259 308.408.547.607.654671.7 3 6.742.-85,825.832.853.939 9S8.1O24. 1028.112 3.1131.1134.1337.153 1.1542.1596. For Lamcncftein chcjoyms,&c.224.1134.1530.1593. To {lay the Lask-e or fluxe oF the belly.63.128.241. 275.278 29C.36S.384;444.503.5ii.5i8.522.5 34.59S.621.658.666 681.7.29.830.867.886. 917. 998.1013. ici6. 1021.1022 1032.1047.1055.1068.1273.1C91.1108. 1123.1127.1131 1135.2156.114-,! 175.1192.1203.1219.1224,1227.1255 1 315.1392.1414.1416.1421,1449.1452.1491.1503.1505 1521.1538.1547.1557-1559.1562.1505 >575-W' 1594.1596.1601.1602.1609. i6T°*i63 4.1635.1663. T ocaufe Iaskcs or Loofencfle. 1502. F or fvtolne Legges.271 1 5 2 6. Tohelpe theLeanenelfe ofmacilentbodies. 78l.1i3F.il 3 2 For the Lcpry or Leprorte. 3 °' 35 - 37 ■ I 6l- l66.l8i .2l5- 21 ^ 219.2 23.2 3 4.240.2 48.271.290.384.442 491.517. 5 lg - 55.2 597.6i.2728.759.832.879. 102 2. 1C66.112 3.1127.1419 I428.144O.i480.r495. 153 3.•I 543 -M 57 .l 6 l.'.l 650 . i o engender Lcprolic, Mclancholly, and the like difeafes. 354- 15471558. For the Lethergy,fleepy>or drowfie ficfccnc{Te, 6 » 9 . 20 .3 1 . 54-74 108 225.442.524.825.83 2.874.881.951-955.1240.1438. To kill Lice in the head or body.4.21 6-219.223.241.265.316 3 64.712.1033.1543.1580.-1533.1544,1582. Forchem that have taken Litharge.924. For chaps in the Lip?,' vide Chaps. For thofe that are Livergrownc.30.IIQ.525.955- Toopemnd purge the obftru&ions of the L1vcr.35.36.72.74- 77.8c.IOi.105.119.128.13 5. 1 38.141. 1 59.177.18 1 .184.2 19. 222.255.237.24O.24l .-50.253.258.262. 267. 271,273. 2-5.281.284.286.395.408-4iC.437.44S.462.467.498.518. 525-534-55-559-563.f27.6i6.6iS.624.627.654.673.6-7 7214 52.755.767 777.70O.7S4.824.861 885.891.911.917 922.923.927.928.941.951.977.988.99°. 995. I 005,1024- 1C51.1066.1075.1078.1091.11-75.1^13- 1287. 1315. J327. I 382.1417.141 9.1426.1489.1516.1529. 1557.1570.1588, 1607.162 3.1647. 2 y: To warmeacoJd Livcr.g5.46.76.144.145.676.15 5 8 - 1 $.6 7 . Tocoalc the heat of the Liver.9.159. 177.2 3 8. 248.252.278. 532.725.741.758761.767:771. 773 - 774 - 777 - 3 - 9 77 - 1047.1314 1389.1459.1505.1516.1538.1559. 1563.1573. I627.I663. For Vlcers in the Liver.728. To ftrengthenthe L1ver.80.lOI.248.54 0, 777 - J 5 8 5 - 1 5 74 * 1578.1579.1588. OfLnftye to the Liver.I0O.19O. Tohelpe the Loathing- ofmeace.6.18.101.119.14$. 1.59.238. 3 95.616.885.1075. i‘o 8 o.ia 27 -i 459 - I 5 0; 3- 1 55 9 -1560.1563 1540 -I 5 P 6 - To procure Loathiog 6 l 6 . 964 - Againft pcincs in the Loines.9.1 2 H. To reftrainc the unnaturall Longings of women with childe. 1295.1 423.i5n-i557.i5 6 - 1 - - Lotions for fore mooches. 393 ' 4 2I,II2 3- I 4 ‘ 5 ,T 4 2 3 * J 447 ' 14+9.1461.1513.1157.1 s 59 - Againft the Lowlie evill.220»o 3 2. To make one Lowfie. 495 * For Lunatickepcifons.498. For rheumatickc diftillations and confumption of the Lungs; 4. 30 435.46-.524.676.860.952.964.997.102 2. 1031. 1051. 1053.1220. i 304.149f.1515 15 20 - 1 5 2 P I 547 - I 554 - Hurtfull to the Lungs.-S^-l 068, For the inflammation and ulcers of the Lungs. 135 * 5 2 4 * 534 * 677.728.991.1459.1469.i 5 I ^- 1 533- 1 5 38.16C9. To clenfe the Lungs. 1079. To reprefie bodily Luft. 712.. 723 * 77 1 • 8l 3 * I 34 ^- I 436 - To ftirre up-bodily Luft. 456.565-0 3 2 * 9 ( - ) 3 ’* 346-1 S 2 7 *J 5 3 8 15'<8.1579, M Good againft Madneflejw/e Frenfie,219.I03 1 . Hurtfull to Man and the Corne. 10 3 I , Againft MaRgies.l8i 442. Good againft the Nightl'haJe.i 382. To remedy the danger by eating Mindrakes.I f 58. For the Mealies, 113.3 17. 393.395.418.420.518. To take away bheke and blew M-ukcs. 4.14;. 30 . 37 * 77 * * 01 . I J9.492.6l 8.819.8.32.860. S79. 9II. 9I3. 9if.922.9j9. 10,-5.1075.1452.1489. Tp ftrcngqhen weake Members. 1395.1538. To {Lengthen the Memory.3 5.54. 0.246.250.268. J 52.721. iopo.-1330.1529.1558.15-68,1583.1602.1608. For the Megromc.i6i.i63.2if.278. 7I2.1365. I 489.1 51 T- I Jf 2.1 593.1602.1 664.167O. Good agunft Melancholly and to purge it. II.16.39.43-7^*° 5 '“ I59.2c4.2i 5.216.219.205.235.248.275.281. 290. 389.410, 418.46 3.602.767.7 90.922.988.JOI 6. IO22.IO44. l;L4.0-T4 8 0 • ’ Iiiiiii 1 I5O3 UP The Table of the Vermes, 1503 1504.1506.1570.159c.i6c2.l6a6.r6ll.l650. I To breedc Mel«ncholy.io68.i 17^. 1320. To kill M ice. &C.101.219.223785.972.1279. To keepc bookes ftom being fpoded by Mice. ici. Todricup VT0mensM1lke.2o.35.886. 1412.1559. To encrcafc M’lkc in womens breafls. 184. 308. 416.652.^25. 767.807.813.819. 885. 911.952. 977.r076.1142.1284. 1320.1577., 438.1494. Torcltraine the abundance of Milke in womens breads. 77I. ^77.1055. ic68. To hinder Milke from crudding in the flomacke.35.939. To caufc Milke to cruddle.974. To procure or caufcMirth.226.563.584.592.6o7..894.i592. To drive away Moalcs. 2 n .6 89. For the -Mom pcs. vide Throate.687- rur uunuug anu x'eunentiaii £>cavers. ’ *Fo helpe the Morphew, cither blackeor white. 135. 161.163. 420.921.483.402.552..550. 655. 7.-5. 7V ~. ~7^ -v-, l--. l8t2iO.24O.25s.259274.28l.3c8.359.io8.437. 442. 866.874. 1263-1389. 1574. 1799.' ,y " - /V/ 46i49i.4p2.5i7.5i8.. 552.591.^18. 655. 676.-0'. 728. I To he Ipe the P1fes.4e.63.! 5 1 .2 -6. m 1 .2 -.8. '*59 -75 2 -B 759-7S.5;79C-«i9: ?£2$79$?4355 -io2.|..k'66.io73.i 125.; 378.395408 438.475.498. 5,5.524. 559. 609. 612.6id ¥V2 K Z-};l\-'T,' • l '»7 8 -H95.t5S7. IS591 c j 67 ^i$. 7 *J. 73 03.110S. 1221.123 1 . 1201 133" 1365:1420. , 5 £' 7 - • 11452.1455.1480.1492.1513.1527.1547 1602.1616. ^ Good againft the pain'es, windinifle, and fufFocationjor rifingof, Hurtfull to the Piles. 15 1.1495 • the Mother.’,7.40.44.74. 83.85. 89. JO.02. 65.128.114.128. For chcPin nnd Webbe in the eyes, l -.1, 316 410 4086—* * 5 ^ ,I 1 5 ' 1 ^•. i 76-i8i.i84. i 96.2 i °.255.259.273.284. 294.' 718 934 - 959 .I 099 - 1 112.1334.1360.1547,1627.' ' ' - '''• r ~ *6- ForI'implaantlwhealn,.ate.o5.138.155. 166.216 226 574.761.881.832.1224.1032.1031.1394.1046.1489. ieso. 15381568..593. 1599.1601. ^ * 9 5 9 To breeje the PalCe. 1320.1558. For the dead Palfie. 892. 1671. For the dumb; Palfie.76.225.281.825. For Penfiveneffe. vide Melancholy. For Perfumes. iA41.1509.1531.t543.i-578.15p2.167d. ForPe1fum1ngthmgs.240250.-2i.157b. 1590.1^92.1670. Good againft the Peft1lenccorPl.1guie.4344. 54. 77. jog. 124. 13S.13S.265 29O.294.317.378.389.391.303.395. 2.01.407. 42 490492. 506,552. 559 .58-1.604. 618.630.634.655.676.677.681.901.936.941 -p7 2.977.99c. 1031.1041.1081.1227.1415.1489.1491.1493:1799. ^506. 1508.1529-1 574 1576.1 590.1594.1599.1602.1607.1669. 1611.1612.1665. . i- 1 For burning and Peftilentiill Fcavers. 237. 47S.395.418. 9ej8-.9n-.943.94S.951.955.1330.1031.1032.1374.13S2. 1589114-14.1438.1489.1529.1565.1566.1567.157c. 1573. J.5T4- 1583.1585. 1608.1614.1620.1664.1670. 'For the falling downe of the Mother.' 30.74.9O.294.393. 51S. 6-f 6 .y-cS 2 .7 11.7 5 c. 13 20.139 2. 145 5 - 15 2 6 . 1608 . For the coW griefes of the Mother. -2.359. 442. 1489 15^9 1558.15X3.1590.1601. -For ir.Hammationsof the Mother. II 9. 1-41.-41’. yep. 75- 1097.1098.1596. " ' ■ 7 \ m For hardnefle and tumours ofthe Mother.30.8c.135.177.182. 308.345.624.627.666.72i. 1031. IO97. 1337. 1495/1542. 154 --H 7 I- 1598 . I 5 P 4 . for the Impoflumes and ulcers of the Mother. A52. IC 21 JC32. 1612. Againft the biting of the Shrew Moufe. 181.524. 683. - Tprthefotes and ulcers in the Mcmth or privities. 35.54, 145 148.151.1s2.28i.z90.3cS4c1.4S4.498.52R. «2.534.540. 1638.M25.1208.1249.1320.1354.1365.1368.1408.141.1 1458. 1445 -i447-i4r--i549. 1609. To avoid a forfeit by eating Mufhroomts, or to helpe it. Ar. 271. 442.832.8^4.885.964.1306.1320.1455.1502. 5 ' For the diftention of the Mouth when it isdrawne awry.1593. A dry condiment or Muftard. 852. N. ' For rugged Nailes, and whenthe fleftigroweth overthem. *6 159 - 59 M 55 - 619 - 750 . X25.1013 1127.1217. 1337.1394." 1 456 -I 44 C. 1471-1470. 1542.1549. 1559. For childrens Navills that fticke out.270.592.724.88 r. Fotihe cricke in the Neckc.723.S3 2.959. 980.088. Tor cattles eaulled Necks. 181. To^aufe Ncefings .14.20.60.219.258.259.32 350.70O For members bc-nHmmed with cold.442.892. ' J To'take away the flinging of Nettk s.442.733. For the weokenefleofche Nerves and fi'ncwes. 1024.1130. For the Niphriticall difeafes, vn/eprovoke urine. 1 To helpe fore'Nipples, 278.811. For Nits, vide Lice. For the difeafe of the Nofc called Polipus. 378. 452.939.1141. For (tinting ulcers in etc Note. 13 5-2 59-3 5 9 - 595. 681.998. 1149.1511. To make the Nofe to bleede. 1180. Againft Numnefle in the hand* or feete. 1589. O. Coodagainft Gbftfuftions. 25 . .JhedangetofOpuim^ndthe remedy thereof. 16.85.92.324. For t he fore neckcsof Oxen.l 81. ' r P - Tocafe Fames in the bod-. .141410.430.557.624.S67.1026. To make one with a high colour to become Pale.888.613. To helpe the Pallatofthe meuth. fft/e Vvula.723.159c. For womens Pamtings.518. To Pallet or cafe a difeatc for a time. 368. T° Wpethc Palfi,. 6 . 54 :^. ?4 .,c 8 .i t 4 .l 19.181. 2 1 ,.42,. sif.248sS8.275.278.2S4 285.359,4er.5js.S37.55J.5tfp. c I T, .« u* 1 -". J 3 ) •* OO-.J I v.xzo. 23g.240.278.290.4c8.462.492.616.676.677.72374i.732 75^7^1 •777-796:837.879.884.919.934.1022.1031. 1068 1 C 75 -I ^s-n^-izos-iioS. 1 24c.1412 141 9 .,5 4 -. 16 5C To itay the involcntary Pifling in bed. 395. To ripen and broke Hague fores. 378.418. doc, 8-4 ji-ii 1217.1515O. ’ T * 3 ' Good for die Plcurific. I 8.6c. 25 5. 30S. 387 415. .142.46- iSfiS 7 i£o- 2 ‘- 75 " 7 ?°- 8 i 0 - 8 55-9»S-937-94' : ioa' 6 . 1469 ! For rhefniall Poet,s. i ,-. 3 i 7 .3 ; ;3. 3 <; 5 . 4 oi.4 1 S. 4 . 2 . 5r §. 066.1 ibo.1499.1506. 1574. To take away the markes of the finall Pockes. 810 1C 75* For the great Pockes or French difeafe 1 9 , ;.i 5 2.176.177. 181. 2G0.2I I. 395.642. 922.988. 90O. 1022. IC46. i429.l-.80.’ 15~8.15 87.1607.1610.162c. 1651.1652. Good againft mfeftion and Poifon.14-.ig. 44.46^2. pc. in. 119.223.134.135.138.l4r.14f5.176.177.216.219.250.290. 294.200.346. 373 391.393. 39^.407.420.422. 462.485. 492.65 .674.627.679.736.790.819.824832.8-5,83^866. O/7.p0|.025.942. 948. 942.972. 103c. 1081.1091. 132O. J 577.1414.1491.1505.1506. 1507.1529.1^40.1552.1358. 1r-4.1576.15-7.15.i5.1590.1595. 1599,16c 2.16c 9. 16*11. 1612.1664.1665.1 666 . 1680. Poifonous to men. 1091. To recover tfic rrcpurc.742.879; To helpe the difeafe called Priapifmus. 6. To prcfciye the living and dead from corrupting.i 51. jtr, j Ptifan drinke for the cough or Pcilicke.30b.i099. ] 152 To purge the body of ill humours. 72. 119.2^5 0-1 240.250.267.309.318.654.712.1635.1641.1664. To purge the belly gently ,vide Loofenthc belly gently. To purge the body violently.261.165.168.170.1'- /185.1^/5 190.196.200. 204.206.277. 219. 222.723.224^2’>8 «/ 2 f- 75 °. 827 835. 879. 8S0. 1003. 1365. 1S ||; 1575.1621.1638.1642, To hclpebupcrpurgations.14' 2. For the Purples. 115.278.393. 395.418.422. ' For the pricking of the Puffcn. 54. Againft Putrifaftions.72.222.602.1028.1030. 1.142 lecQ I 5 ^-i 575 -i 5 PT ’ Qg For the biting of the Qiaviver. 2:2.121. For the Qainflc.d. i 0 1 I 32.27 1.3 59.370.400.2.55.4 d 52 !. 7 ' 757 .S 37 .S 3 p. , o , 6 .) 4 | 4 . i .ji 5 . , 4 95 '., -..'.j For thofc thit have taken Qnickfilvcr. 4-2. 3 R. To helpe fuch as are rstvifhed. 1538. T o conferve the Radicall moifture of nature. 813. For Redni-fle oFthc hcc.vtJe Frecklesrpo:s,&c .' To cteanfethe Reines. 176.181.1255. For the ftone in the Rcincs. vide Stone. Hurtfull to the Reines. 1133. For the runningof the Reines. 159.238.250.39^.45.'', 448.524.534.696.700.723.922/1021. r. 22. 1646: ] j,'g * 1254.1301.13 1 5.1 51,. 1526.1527.15- 2. 1 542. 1 J43.X 565' 74 -'I 57 S- 11502 . 1606. 3 Rcftorativeto nature. Fotators, and fuch like rootes. To procure Rcil or Oeepe. 115.151. 211.258. 268. 308. -45 319 . Ihe TableoftheVertues, 349.564.36s. 391.733.757.78j.790.812.815.886.9i 1. 1.1026.1192.125 3. J3OI.1314.1378.1428.1 A<2.1 Sl*5. I $16.1558.1567.16OI.16l8.1 62 4.167O. ToflayRhumcs and diftillations. 755.758.854.^42.5^72. 1021.1392.1436.1489.1513.153 _. 1560.1579.1663. To draw downeRhnmcs.7CO.854.86c. For the Rickets. 98a Ringwormcs, 98.349.498.6l8.767. 939- 972.1146.1569. I641.1663. 'For the dangerous Ringworme called the Shingles. 340.401. 498.733.955.1123. . . For Rupture We jBurftings. 16.1263. Againft Sadncflc We Melancholy. 2C.4.IO. 41 6. 672. 1201 1530.1558.1592.1602. 4 ‘i i ■ io helpe thedifeafe called Sat)riafis. 62. To j.caic fcabbed or fcalded heads. 219,2 2 4.255.273.308. For running fcabs. 298.J389. FI - 4 I 84 f i 04 f>S °^Fo?^ 1 15' * 3 1 5 ■ 1 3"3 7 1 3 ^+ 1 45 5 > ror old Smes and yulcersm the legqes.l J4.176A15.5 ?2 $-*1 ^6 3 0 .6 S 8.66 7 . 7 5 2 . 761.881"; Lp-“ I4 p5 ; 1609. To kelps plague Joru-S; 8.616.745.775.781.8^.-874.1255. I4I5. 149 ^. 150 $. \ F°r the Sores of the Privie parts. 151. Ic ^ 0,cS F e cchloft in fickenefie. 14. 74, 28X.72I. pjfp. To helpe an imperfe&ion in fpeech. 7O3. To dry up naturall feede or Sperme. 598. To encreafe Sperme or narurall Seeds, 25 5.261.373 725 817 For the involuntary ilfuc of Spermcin fleet* or-otferwift 248 I 254 .l 38 p. J Againfl the poyfon of Sniders. 927. Againft thepoiion of rhcSpidrr Plalangium. 43.95.308, 418 54245A483-542.568.571.681.733! 790/825.poi.936- TowaEhlt 3 f' I '155-J4 ? 5-M92. I 495.i 527.1690. r „un i c5 P ,Knc - 141-819. 1361.1461.148a Forobitruflions.liardnefle and Swellings ofthe Splecne.4.11,14 L 1 ?' 38 't 6 ’ 72 ' 7 ' ) ' 8a£, 5 101 - ”6.135.159: 1?9.»S. 4 2 34 - 237 - 24 ^ 247 . 250.2 y 3.259.267 8-552-597-602.6O7.609 6i 6. 624.627. 6-4, 6-7.’ 681 o?^' 72 i’ 752 '' 5 8 - 77778 i. 790 . 824.83 2:854:861.877.881. ?02o 9 iOdf^ 2 ^ 28 - 93 l- 7 4 I- 95 '- 99 ''- 9 g 5 - I 015 .ip 24 .i°g 8 . 39 - ,0 4 , ; 1 *v 0 o- i° 46 .i 5 7 o.i607.1608.162 3.164-'. For Windmcflc ofthe Spicene. 26 30 . 25 . 42.77.8 S.IIO ICO 1557 4 I42fi ' 14?Ss ' 1480 ' H 8 ?- '473' 1527.1529 To drarv out SpImrcrs,broken bones,tberivs,&c. out oftlie flclli. o8^',!r 4 '. ‘/ 2 9 + 55 p. 597-6,07. 61C.S25. 832.881.917. jM-nzt. 1 ji.i 21 ,.!, 37.1365.1527. o rengthen the vigour of the Spirics and quicken ther:,. 48, 45 .i 6 oi.i 6 ji. " ' T 1 or the Scjuinanfie or SquinGe.wtVe QuinGe. —f"^'7FreckleSj.pintpIcSj8fc.in the skin. 4.2O. "7.85.138 4 - 2IC - 2 33 - 2 50-2 55 - 275 - 28 1i87.359.570.378 m ; 7.1024. 1028.1055.1066. igSc, 5co8,e ,I * MJ2S 5- I ? 6 5-‘377.i46 1 .1455.1478.1504. 1 5P°T5 2 7-1554-!5 59.1665.167c. f 0 7/ 2 T Jo take Spots out ofgartnems an/parchment.fb;.. 1J 3 6.1301. For .a ftmlting brcatli-u/dc, Ercatlif pents” e I,inal " 5 °F Serpents, Sic. vide. Scorpions andScr- ForStitches,ti*,fides.88.2 5 2 .j, j^Hurtfu'i to the Sromacke, 20. 26. 253.752.-964.lO38. For painesand gnawings in the ftomacke,3 0,37. U 3 .119.13 5. ,J°,! r s ea ! ! « thcm ;7 in !, hcStom3 ite. 55.2.0.85.101. up. 1020 i 4 oi fliii’iX 5 ; 8 9 --i! 1 - 92 31924-92 5 - 93 6.941.943 ifiosjels jA^o■• I 5°S.i5r29- 258?- 4505.1533-1601 • For cold and weake ftcmackes that cannot retaine their mfate* iS* i 8 . 76 .ioi. 24 8 - 4 in- 5 c 3-5 55 - 6l6 - 6 59 - 69*- 747 - 777 -P- 5 - 960i1c22.1068.1c91.! 127. 1227. 1243.1291. 1415.141-. 1423-1442.1 497. 1 5/3-1505. 1526. 1529. 1558- 1566. 1570. 1572. 1578. 1581. 15S2. 1583. 1585.139'- 1591- 1619.1620.1673.1670. For the Flux oft he Scomack?. 745.10$ 1. 1001.1136.1236. 1 44 ”- 1 45 2 -i 455 - 1 477 - r f . Tocoole the heate of the Stomackcj-vtae Liver. 132.1 45.177- 238.252.444.723.741. 758. 761. T71.-74.777. 780.812. 104-.1131.1414.1459.1502.15c3.1504-1515.1520.1549. s 557 . 2559 -i 5 ^ 3 . l6o6 -i f 27 . offenfive to the llomacke. 161.168.180.190.241.238. F or the cold griefes of the Scomackc. 176.1469.15^2. To comfort a cold Stomacke andto ftrengthen it. g. 14. 35.60. 114.135.138.141.144.i45i4 8 -i7<5.3 5 0.832.9i I-917.919- 6 23.927.931.9;f- 937.941- i 42 pi 5 °C. 1509.1558.1565. 1578.1601.1605.1608.1612.2615.1556. For Vlcers in the Stomacke. 145. To hinder rhe bleeding of the Scone. 1 139. For the Gravell and Stone.114 .11 5 • 159 - 211 • 250.252.253. 308-324.355.408.413.424.426.434.435.439.442.444.448. 449.462.517.543.565.621.642.673.708.745.807.820.922. c. 28 . 943. 946. ICO3. 1016. 1055. 1214. 1288. 1377 . 141-. 1419. 15C8. 1513. 1520.1527.1557. 1607. 1614. 16&4. FortlieSrone in die bladder. 80. £2.95.148. 211.233. 267. 1024.10-0.1033.1259.1565.1375.1377.1,23.1 _ , _ 1478. 1480. 1492. 1495- I53 8 - 1558. 1576. 157S. 1586 1603 . 1622 . 16 ^ 2 . To helpe the paints and ftoppe an hollow Tooth and ro clcanfe them. 368. 393. 595. 498. £81.881.939. 941.951. 1C33 1414. 1440. 1452. 1495. 1533. 1570. 1573. , 5 ?g. 1621. To break-c an akingTroth. 972.144c. Hurtfull tothc Teeth.819. To fattenloofc Teeth. 16.161.241. 349.543.645.724.-7.-g 972 - 1201 .1031.144C.1449. 1452. 1510' 1526. 1532.1540 1580.1594.1642. To whiten the teeth. 16.359.1587. For Tetters. 46. 135. 176.17 7.181.2S1.298 349.55: i 22.'I06£. 1075- 1310 lie: 995. IC22.1C26.1040.1046^ 1052. IO58. I I l6. I 1 57 • I I64. 5175.1 180.1202.1224.1238.1246.1296.13'ci. 1306.1309. 1382.14c8.1418-1486.1489.1515.1516.1565. 157 °-I 577 - 1589. For the Stone in the Rcincs or Kidneycs vide Kidneycs. 83.85* 58.119. 2“ 1.298.308.3 55.359.384.408. 424. 426.428. 433. 435.43- 44 ^- 449 - 4 S 3 - 503 - 517 - 5 18. 543 - 574 - 616.634. 642.655.673.676. 689. 703. 708. 712. 741. 745 - 771 - 773 - 822.824.890.903.906.915. 922. 948.951.988. 1005.1016. 1031.1046. 1051- 1066. 2076. 1097. 1099. 1180. 1193• 1242. 1294. 1368. 1389. 1408. 1414. 1419- M2:. 1508. 1520.1529. 1 5 38.15 57.1570.15S9.1596.1607.1614.1618. 1619.1664 1680. For thofe that often goc to the Scoolc and can doc nothing. 63* 68-.1086.1097.1602. * To he'pe the Strangury. 20.75. 83. 123.. 128.141.177.25^. 153 2 59--^4-776.424 434.444.448.455.467. 571.597. 7 *^- 7CO.807 .820.890.805.‘901.908.914. 931. 941. 951. 95 -- 98s. lGpq. 1031. 1046. IC.80. 1089. 1099. 1213. .1233. I30i.i375.i4c2.i532.1565'. 157O.1 577 * For the Strangling of the mother, vide Mother. To procureStcngth after ficknefTe- 14S Toe aide a found body; to fcclcthc painesof one flung by Ser¬ pents.718. For Sunburrung. 210 . 233. 255 - 25 9 - 437 - 56 l'- 59 I -613- 6l8. To preferve from forfeiting. I 0 I. 27 I* To helpeSurfets. ICI.152.233.369.941. A furfuling water.539. To hinder much Sweating.1505. To provoke Sweat.38.S8- 1 15. I76 267.285.5 19.628.S61. S83.990.i083-.li37.Il80.i438.i578. 1590. To cure difeafes by fweating blood. 1616. For coldCwcHings.858. For hard Swellings or tumors intheprivic parts or elfc where. 9.18.60.88.119. 141 • 144 - 173 -184.240.246.253. 259.271 i 618.737.745.767.939- 97 2 - 1022/1066. IC75.1319.140 ' 1440.1465.1513. .1521. 1542.1357. 1558. 1569.1641. 1663. To quench Third in hot Agues, &c. 238. 248.278. 368. 54-, 723-733-745-747-757"7i-773-^ i 3 - 815*937- 1009.1131. Ii32.1137.i4i5.i486.i503.i506.i5c8. 1513 -1559.158:' 1592.1627.1632.1638 1647. i To draw ouc Thornes vide Splinter*. 28. 60. 62 30R. r For the fwellings and Kirnellsin the Thro ate. 5 6 8.1371 1^35 For the forensfTc and other difeafes of the Throare. if,. gj 60.63.92.132.181.21 j. 308. 349.437.44"4«9.492653+ 540.647 .677.657.7C3.I I32. I368.I3S2. I4I4. To lcnific theroughnefleef the Xhroarc. 2 35.278.1132.145'’ 1513 • 1 54 "- 1 5592. 1 594.15 97. For the Tirrpany, 16S.210. Excellent Tinder. 1220. For the Tiflickc, vide fliortnefTe of breath. 1542. 1557. I$r0. For Comes on the Tocs,&c. vide Carnes. Againft che poyfonof a Toade. 324. 393. 99" Forthc difeafeofthe Tongue called le liruen.^ 27. For the roushr.cfle of the Tongue. 35.278.145 2. To harden Tooles of Iron andSteelejui^e Iron. To helpe women in Travaik, vide t lx delivery of a Cbildc. 35. 44 * 4^*74 • For hard Turners. 9. 18. 60. 1.41. 153. 1457. 1651. 1670. 285.308.309.327.39 J.491 -5 34-15 2-5 93 . 6 02 - 6 ri 4 - 6 c: 7 . 6 o 9 - 712.718. 751 . 757 - S23.S77. S83.886.901.91 Todifcufle minerall Vaponr«.S74. To helpe the Varices or fwollcn vcincs in the legecs. 062- 1098. To provoke to Vcnery. 20.35.60. 148. 18 j. 354.378.442. 8 17.819.824. 876.913.-.017. 946. 908->058. 1076.132 ie28. 1356. 1417- 1418. 1410. 1547. J566. 1568.1570. 1572. 157S. 1583. 1-3S6.1597. 1598. i6ci. *624.1639. 1641. . To repreffe Vencry. 35.133- 723. 790,8 13.886. 1254. 1438.1575- Againlt Vcnerious dreumci. 35 .723. 492.934. To cure the biting of Vipers or Adders. 14.18. I 5 ‘ 2 . l8l. 210. 271.273.410.416.418. 503. 518. 54r-.559.568.7S5. 876, 1030.! 098.1123.1419.1480.1 529.1583. To flay V ipers from going away. 1403. Againft Venome. uftfe Pci Ion. Comfortable to the Vitall fpirirs, as head heart, &c. 72.1529. 1553 - Good for Cattle that Vent m.'tch.p8r 1062. For old and foulc fores and Vlcers. 26.30. 46. 54.60. 63.80. 95.101.178.113.124. 148.151.159. 181122.2’6.223.250. 259.262. 271. 273.278.285. 294.316. 327.378.389.39i. 392.4Of.-p8. 420. 438. 442.445* 462. 467. 475. 49c. 491. 498.505.P6.507.511.5 19.522.525.527.532. 534- IjO . 5/2. 543-5-+7-549.55- -5y5.559-5 6 S. 569.571. 574-577- 50?. 5-1 589. 591.-597.612.613.616.621.625.629.634.641.654-655/ 658.667.671. 674. 676. 681. 683.685/687. 7GO. 7 r 2. 7C3. 708.711. "I 5.718.*"21 • 728.757.758^761 <77r 827.83'’. 858.874^77.881.883.941.951.953 972. 1:24.1028.1068. 1080.2087.1091.1123.nS0.12i". 1227.123 1. 1240.125". I254-- : 55.1291.135 / 361. 1394. 1440. iu.55.146t. 1477* 1499.1516.152-.1540. 1 543.1558., 1J or. x 570.1573.1576. 150;. 1602.1625. t 65 x. For inward Vlcers. 374.49c. 52r.745.106c. 1291. For Vlcers and fores in the mouth or privy parti. 16. 31.51. 95. 151.163. 219.223.28". 29«\ v . 5. .,.52. 498.525. 528. 532 . 534 - 54 c * 543 - 545 - 5 J * 9 - $ 2 r C2 9> 64 65S C 1 he 'Table of the Vertues. 1755 658.671.673.676.677-693.711.715-7217 25*758.76 j.771 098.1000.1613.1016.9022.1068.1219.122 3.1314.14! 5 1440.1447 145 5.1477'. 1516.15 49.15 5 9.15 7 6'. 1621. tor fretting, running, or ipreaciing Vlcers. 46. 29c. 395.4 :2 490.515.524.552.559.561.5^8.602.607.609.618.647.059 676.7i2.733.775.79O.825.886. 903.034. 943. 1013.I Cl6 IC.35 XO38.IQ52.1056.1073.IO75.1280. I 202.12C8.I415 1428.1440.1477-1480.149^.1504.1506.1520.1527.15 38 1542.1549.1558.1663 1665. . For hollow and hftulous VIcers. 138.169.2 10.2 I 1.216.2 5? 273.294.448. 462. 469. 593.607.609. 616. 677.714. 855 995-IIOS.1123.1268.1495.1526.1542.1757. 1 62 I. 1651 Toc'.ccrc thevoyce. 261. To provoke Vo niting. 16 44-161.162. 170. 190. 206. 21c. 219.235.23}.2+0.24:.' 250.203.267.250.292.316.345. 409.562. 616. 654.675.-12 7 38.861.964.1402.1511.15- 5 1620.1665. To rcprtU. Vomiting .hoc- .it Sea and other wayes.18.30.35.37 76. j0S.238.048.252. 155.393. 395-47--MS-4i 2 -49iS-507. 508.555 592.659.700.700. 23.747. SSc.891.1022.i230. 1175:1227.1291.1514.13S9.1422. 1436.15.52.1459.14,7. 1503.1 j 05.1514.1547.1 549.1567 1591.1607.16] 2. Torcitraine the involuntary pi fling of the Vrine. 1146. For rhofe that make foule and bloody Viinc. 262.456.46 3. 497-524-534-59?./ 2 4- 1281.1627. To make the v- r ine bloody. 1461. To mend the Wrong fmellof the vrine. 960.974. To provoke vrine when it is flopped. 4.6.9. 11.14.18. 2 6.37. 49.5 4.63.7 2.74.80.83.88,92.95.1:1.108.113.115.119.124. 128.134.13 5.141.145.148 149.159.176.177.1S0.183.206. 210.211.233.2+1.250.253.258,259.262.267.275.281282. 284.290.308.3+9.355.359.378.384. 389.393.408.420. e.24.426. 430.434.435.457.540.41.2444.448459.452.453. 45545646 2 ;4 e 3->90.538.543.55 2.555.559.565.571.574. 597.621.02 0.634.642-6 55.666-673.67^. 677.681.701.; 1 1. 718.741.752.7 sS.77 3.780.790.819.820.824 832.861.866. 875.878.881.883.884.885.8 86.890.891.893.901.903.908. 910.911.913.915.917919.922 923.924,925.927.928.829. 9 3 1 -937-943- 946-P48.951. 953. 960. 977.988.990. 993. 995-iooc.iooj. 1022.1030.1032.1 051.1052.1035.1058. 1076.10 9.10S7.1112.1131.1132.1137.1142.1165.1175. 1192.12.7.1224.1227.12 3 3.1238.1240.1242.1259.1267. 1288.1291,1301.1303.1336.1377.1389.1419.1436.1438. 1444-144.5.1455-1451.1474.1477-1489-149.0 1503.1508. 15 n.1516.1520.1527.15 29.1532.1538.1547.1557.1558. 1559.1 565-1567.1570.1571.1577.1578.1581.1583.15 85. 1589.1593.1596.1601.1605.1607.1619.1641.1664.1680. Fortchealethe flvupcncflcofyrine. 148.250.252.444.463. 718.723.757.758.761.771.773.774.813. 997. 1099. 110S. J 2 y 4* 1 2 97 - 1499 * f o hclpe the yvula or palate of the mouth when it is fallen down. 3 y .211.442.469.647.703.8 3 2.939. IC47.1382.1449.14 89. I492 . i 54P- 1 5 : )7. W. To heipe Wearinefle after travaile. 8S.4o8.44'>.565 616 908 13 M.1409.143 3.1489.1530.1547.15^8.1568. Totakc away Warts. 9.2 3.63.135.188.196. 298.327.37O. 450.504. 609.4l8.779.807.939.n23.i430. Good for them that cannot hold their Water. 395 985 1217 3412.1494 1495.1557, To make fwettc wafhing water. 14.144.148.1578. To hclpe ftinking waters at Sea. 3 1. 87 4. To purge Watry humors. 163.165.181.183.198.2c0.204. 3iC.2ii.222.24i.26l.281.298.3io. 384. 674.1038.151 4. 1579.1588. To take away Wens and excreflcnces, 43. 92.113.440. *42 6^0.605.612.619.718.761.939.985.1392. 1495. 151? 1 559* 1 56>s. 157 3. ForWhealesandpuihes, IOI.IO08.1221. 1440.1455.1480. 1407.1495. Fora Whit-low. vide Felon, 181.557. To cault Watchings. 1 575. Fo drive away WaTpes and Gnats, &c. id. Fnr Whctfines, 4.252.835.951.1220.1374.1527.15 28. Not to ieele Whipping or beating, 8. Fo Uny the Whites :n woman, 3 5.46.60.77 97.108.195.401. 5°7-5 2 1-5 39-588.592.607. 634.673. 082. 696.703.723. 7 5 2 -755* 101 3* 102 1-1022.1112.1137. ,1301.1315.1452. 1 +5>J5 >i. 1 5 26 - i 529-I5 3 2 - 1 565-i596.i6o6. Tohc'pe decayed Wine. 1309. Togive Wine Aleor Beere a leluh. 211.584.593. To try if Wine be mixt with water. 68|. 1 o takeaway the fmellof Wine ia them have drunkc much* 995.1612. lor 1 he wind/nefTe of the Wombc, Tide Mother, 6.r4.88l.&c. To engender Wind, 20.1078. P i 3 1.11 33.1389. To dillulve and expcll Wind, 4.6.9.76.83.88.124.13 5.145. c-o. go 1 - 2l0 -3 72 4 0 ^4 ; ?7-4 : i' 2 '45<5.492.598.677:725.790. oot. 007.903.9O0.910.911.91 3.923.924.927.936.937.94.? 948.103 0.1227.12 42.1377-1414.1438. 14.86, 1489. 1506. 15 2C.is 58.15-0.1577.1578.158 2.1583.1593.16C2.L605, JO 7-1612.1614.1615.1 620. 1621.167O.160O. For paincs in the Wombe ofter childbearing. 145. 148. For other difi-afcs of che Womb:, vide Mother. To prcfcrvc Wood from wormes. For wormes both flat and long. 4.9. 2C.3 5.37.44. 46.72. 80. o ^ -97• 1 °J. 1 13. 1 35. 1 51.161.j 69.170.173.17! 84.2 ! 60 2.^38.252.258. 208.271.273. 316.389. 393 ,5.4 8. ^8-49 2 -h-98. 518.574.507 016. 655-676.681.687.712.729.733.745.8j9.730.858.861 0 “73 5-7.931.951.972.1023.1024.1, 28.1030.1038.10 , . “■'X' ”<75. 12+5- 1291.1295.1296. 1377.1414. ■ I4?6 - I4 ^- I4 9 = . I 503.15 0 6. ; 508.1514.1524.1560. 1 ^7- 1 5 03.1594.1651.1664. Jo kill the Wormes breeding m fores. 54.49S.75O.820.l625.. To caufe Wormes tobreede in the body, 11 22 1598. To draw Earth-wormes out of the ground. 598. For Wounds in the head, 259.584.616. 867.1594. *'or Wounds in the Nerves °r finewes. 997.1670. / For the inflammations of Wounds. 1447. 1663. To healegreene Wound,. 4.26,29.43.63.113.114.144.1 28. in?'S' I52 ' Ii 'o'" J - 223 ' 2 ’o' 2 59' 2 77.282. 285.308.370. 091.7C18.430.438.442.445.448.452. 467.47a.483.491.492. t?^ s 5 °o 5 °5'5 oS -5°3.5io.5i5.5i8.5i9.5y 4.525.528.53 2. lifVT 3 i’: 5 A°o 5 ^y 5 ‘'' 3 - 5 +T 3 + 7 '5‘i-?-552-?54-5 55-559- 569-574-5'7- ‘579.58-4. 589.591. 592, V , J - 6 Jg - 6 °+- 6 ° 7 - 6l6 - 6 : ‘ i - 6 ‘ t ' i - 6 + 7.654.658.659^74 5 6 7 6 6,7.6Bi.682,685. 687.693.695.700. 706.708.711.212. ?nT l8 'o 2I ' 727 - 742 ’ 747 6 7 57-7 6 7.85S.S849oi.943.99 7 1016.1038.1039.1043.1068.1112.1175.1203.1231.1232. 1415.1438.1440. 1499-1502.1521.1526. 1 527.1529. 1540.1543. !5 44 15&2. J5.o- 1573-1575.1576. 1607. 1609.1618. 1651. 167c. I Go^odforWoumidtintts. 393 - 395 -577.708.1091. 1093. To ftjy the bleeding of Wound., 29. 95. 124.138. 305.401. 445-4fi9-497-5oi-5i'-543-54).552.56S.;89.659.676.682. O87. 6 95.728.747.867.998. ICO;. 1180. 12 5 4.1301.1 3 24. I4 -i 2 •’ 4 33-i44 ai 477-i492 i502.i5i4.i554. To heipeinward wounds. 29.95.124. I 38.395.4OI.'498.507 508.511.524.525.527.5 39 - 540 - 5 - 13 - 552.5 59 - 567-574-577. S79. 504.591. 502.597.609.616.621.6 71. 676.677.687.693 7 C 6.708.720.824.997.1096.1670. To take away WrinckTes,&c. 790.167c. To heipe the excoriations,fwellings, and ulcers of the Yard. 152/ IC28.15-9.1627. To confume the flefliy cxcreffence in the Yard. 15 86. To dye cloath into a Yellow colour 604.1013. • ToprcfcrveYouthfuInefie. 1570. 1590.1595.' Errata fic Corrigenda. Faults Efcaped in the Printing,whereof the moft materiall before you reade the Booke are to be thus amended : other literal( faults may be by any. P Agc 6.Line tfy.for firft reade laft.p. 14-1- 3. for argue r. agree.p. 27. 1.5 a.for foot r. root. p. 38.1. 14. lot Calamine r. Catmint, p. j a. 1. 34. for Salvia r. Salva. p. 5«?.l. 61. for white r; wildc, p. 87.1. 38. 34. for Salvia r. Salva. p.59.1. 61. for white r. wilde, p. £7.1. 38. for Coula r.Cocula,p.p a-1. 32. for Tuber. Family wherefoeveryou finde It in thisienfe, p.94-J- y r. Saxouotburingica, p. 100. 1. 23-r. p.124.1. 1?. j. facultntibus,\.^o.r. no other name- There arc two pages with the numbers 133. and in the former of them 1. 42. r, adflorcmrigidu, and 1.67. r.and others allowing. p.137.1. ip.for foronos r. Cercenes. p. *38.1. 2i - put out but. p. i4i5.1-2.for the rare common r. the morecom- mon.ibidcm, The fecond figure hath a falfe title which muft be thus amen¬ ded. 4. C)P tTui odorativ. The ordinary fwcet Cyperus, or Englifh Galinga. p- 154.1. 14.r. luccafeltis lilies, ibid.l.47. r - Rhabajbarum va¬ rum. p. 1 5 <5,1. 30. for Enuha r. Snul*. p. 177.1. 8. for refvlutiene r. Corne¬ ll! tionc. p. 1 8 o. 1-3 6.for Vitirell* r Viticell*. p. i 81. 1-6. r. and byope- nitw,&c,wafieth,&c. p. 184. 1-66. r. in others pm pie,yellow faith Bclhu. p. 185.1.24-r. oncly by Pena in his Italian Baldus and by Belltu in his fourth .Epiflle to Clufhis. p,20o.1.3 3. for backe r.blackc,and in the next line r. Pamiui for Pentiui. p-103.1.45. r. all of them except thethird,1.5.r./’r»w4 & fecund* Clufn. Thefirft and fecond. p.aitf.b j 5. forfruttw r. fraClus. p. aiy.l- 34. r. Confiligines. p. 24?. for P,m r. Pttcbe, in all rhat leafe. p.254. mend the title to be Sejamum. 1.17. rcadeitrhus, commeth forth one flower turning d be difregarded plant on fome of the hills ot Pnyence in Ft anrf.fpreading wooddy interlacing roots, from whole head role fundry iliort hard ftalkes fearfe 2. or 3. inches hioh, flooring forth fmall leaves fomewhat like Ienrills or ^tpagahu or ra¬ ther the Goates Thorne which in their tough hardnelTe they did wholly reprefenc being hoary withall: the flowers were yellowiih or fomewhat white like thofc of O’nnhtpodsum Birds foot : it tailed fomewhat harlh and dry. p. 109 i l. 1. put out for his. p.1098. 1. 2. r. interne intentia cult*. p.i 1 oo.l. 15. For airbus i.^ibfus and for t^gjptica v£gyptiaca. p. 1103. I.43. for EnJJvaT.EnJpvax. p.i 109.1.6. lor frujiferum rfragifcrum.p .1119. l.+ XJTrifotium for Trisicum. p.u 16.1.5 8. r. ~4lf*lf*fat. p. 11 2 o. for beare r. bare p.i 1 22 I. 5 5.r.tranfubltantiation.l 61. r.luch caliialticsmay make, p. 1132.I.1 2.for Pyriva Ptifirsar.Pynna. p. 1 175. 1. itf. r . Dens Cams. p. 1176.1.20.for JAyonit. Mjceni. p- 1190. 1. 23. for jjiiwSQ. r . If- p- 1194- Bct-hm, p.1 204.1. 24. for Vlvfx. Vhca. p. 1211. 1.19. for (Janda r.Canna. p. i 2 29- 1- 32-r.calleth it Rofa alpina (y Acinaria. p. 1263. 1. 22. foxntfcituT r.nafcitur. p. I 280. 1. 16. for Cantabric* t. Bri - tanica in both places, p. 1291.1.49. for the feventh and the laft r. the feventh and the eighth, and 1.50.for theeight r.the laft. P1313.I.27, the fift muft be the fixt.thc fift being ihcUendrobrjongsatcul.uum Column*. p-13 21. Over the leaft Figure r. Fungus patreue denticulate p.1325. 1." 4. for majus r. minus, page 13 8 1.1.19. for Bacsaras reade Baaras. page 1385. 1. 28. r. and leaves on them bluntly cut in. p. 1 396.I. 5 2. r.the bell in Greece, p. 1397.1.24-for ^xpedl rut expert, p.1408 1.7. reade arc not good for them, p, 1411.1.8-for Muske r.Molfc.l^.r.Cedar. p. 1505. 1.2.1.Mufiea. p. 1508. 1. 33.r. Cedremela. p. j 5 14. 1. j 4 . r .Terf,a Q lujiil p 15 20. J. 5. next after rhefe words.ihere agajnll and before thefc words. The third is taken,you nuift reade the twelfth,thirtcenth.foureteeth & fif¬ teenth lines following,which doe belong to that narration, and in the fif¬ teenth line after there words,in the title. Jet the third,&c. follow bcfoie the fourth; then,in line 10. the infe.ence of the laft is put for the fixt, and the fixt to be laft. p.1526.1.7. x.Tnebinthue. p.i J30.1.6. for none r.onc. p.1547.1.6 2.r. Farnejiana- p.i 57 2.1. 3 2. l.Benjui de Beninas, p.157 3.J. 2 . r .Dry pitch of ludea.p. 1578.1.1. r. Caryophyllcrum tcrmiti s genutna effigies. P-158 3.1.48. Infert the word fwiw after the words plentifully enough." l.y <.1.Curcuma, p. 1606. J. 19. x.^ibtlicea. p. 1609.I. 48. Fox fiflula in any x.FiJlul* in *no. p.161 3.1. 24. r. Cur cat. I. 3 l.r. Habalcoulceul. p.1629. in the Mar gent r. T{ubifaeie, (yt. Ibidem, The ohfervation is voyd the fault being amended, p.1631.1. 5 3. For twining r. twinning, p. 163a. 1. 20 . (oxCbtvtyx. Chivef. p.1636.1.5. for end r. fide. 1638. 1. 27. for great r greene. 1639- 1-2 5- r - A Urxi. p. 1642.1.7. r. Peneabfu, 1. 17.r. 7^'cAl’line marina muft be 12 8 1. Many other litcrall faults are not here mentioned hoping eveiy one may cafily cotreft and amend them; and for other flips or overfights, in courtefie without fplcenc eyther amend rhem ( or willingly pafl'c them over. - , -

TheSavine tree. ^ The Vertues. Savine faith G 4 « is hot and dry in the third degree, and of very thin parts, by the ftrong drying and heating qualities it fuffereth no confolidating or glewing propertic to be m it,but by reafon of the great acrimony therein n di-efteth the more,and hath lefle bitternes then is in the Cypreffe: ,t refifteth putrefaftionsas powerfully as the Cvpre(fe,efpecially if they be of long continuance, and not cafe to be holpen.for mixed with fome Hony and ap¬ plied it clenfeth the filch of Vlcers.and taketh away their blacknefle It breaketh alfo or diffolvcth Carbuncles and Plague fores •• the branches, and as I faid ch» bcm« ripe until! they have growne on the bufiies two Sommers and a Winter. bcmes 2re not , . 'the Names, VV allnuts, wmcb Marcellas md RueUius thmke is miftaken, and (hould be as ’greac as a Beane ff' t 3S wa never any berry feene of halfethe bigneffe of a Wallnut: but out of Greece fomcZve wkheffedr' l rKm ' otherw “ e H,led Onabnurnmnerde, the Latines call it as I faid Verm.x but Cormrius faith tha't ihTftlfiy Tttc appiy- liuli; ilB ’ I I I 1 f. ill'-. . in ; '1 Ji 1 If; 'i;). 1 Si ! m ! • if, ■ |i m m I' - m 1 p | 4 M m i : ! *4 ili J 1030 Chap. 30, Tbeatrwn 'Botanicum . R 1 b * 9. aDolv to this gum, for Vernix is a made thing of Amber and Linfeede oyle: for faith heethe name Vermxis&e. rived from the Germane word Vernjlen or Eermften, which is with them the yellow Amber as it commeth from the dace where it is gotten, and tooke the name from the propertie therein, that as that fo this being kindled will Iourne like a Candle or Torch: Vtrnix liquid*, in Englijb Varmfie is a certaine liquor that Painters, Joyners and others doe ufe to lay upon their workes.and Smithes upon their polifhed painted Iron workes.to kcepe their colours the longer from fading, thebell whereof for their ule is made ofthis gtimme of the lunipert.ee and of Linfeede oyle: Pliny in his eleventh Booke and feventh Chapter mentioned another Sandaracha which is found in Bee-hives, being their foode whereon they live while they workc, and is called £nthacc( as Anftotle doth ) and r'rintkm, but by divers others learned men Vernix and Vcrnilago Bauhinm maketh two forts of the ordinary lumper tree, the one he calleth lmiperu, vulgaris fruticofa, the other Iuniperusvulgar,, arbor, when as Clulius (heweth that there is no other difference betweene them,then the largeneffe of the growing in a hotter climate in the like manner as the Turpentine andthe Storax trees like (hrubbes in feme places and tall trees m others. ’ l he f'econd Clulius calleth Iuniperus Alp ** and qefner in borti, lumperus minim* : the third is called by Label in his Obfervations and Icon's, lumperus maximus lUjricus cxruleabacca, by Lugdmenfis lumperus major, and by Tabermontanus lumper ns major Ibjrica : the laft as I faid is called Cedar by all our Enghjb inhabiting m the Bermuda c~c & with us from them who never (canned it fnffidently.,nor knew to give It the tnic denomination, fo, all the forts of Cedar doe mu. li differ in (undry particulars from this, andtherefore 1 haveprelumed thusto intitle it untill fome other can give it a truer epithite. Seraph calleth it Habhagar, the other Arabians Aromas and Arcbenas the Italians Ginepro, the Spaniard, Enebro, the French qeneve and Gcnemicr, the germane, fVeckhol- de, baum a’nd the berries IVeckkolder beer vni Kramer beer, of Blacke birds who arecalled in the germane tongue Kramer voqell became they leede upon the berries all the Winter long, theT>» tch geneverboom, and wee in Enalijb the Iunipre tree. The Venues. - , , No man faith Trap.,, can eafily fet downe all the Vertues of the lumper tree,preferring the berries before Pep¬ per • the Iuniptr it telfeboth leaves and wood as Galen faith are hot and dry in the third degree : but the berries although they be in the fame degree of heate, yet are but in the firft degree ol dnneffe: the gumme is hot and dry in the firft degree: The leaves and young tender branches of the lumper tree.or the juice of them or of the berries, or the berries themfelves taken in wine, are very t ffcftuall againft the biting of a Viper or Adder, as alfo againft the Plague or Peflilence or any other inleffion or poyfon, the Germanes ufe it much, for their Trcakle is mace of the condenfate juice of the berries, which they commend in all difeafes almoft, both lor inward and outward re¬ medies : the fame alfo is profitable againft the Strangury and flopping ol theVrine, andTo powerful} againft the Dropfie that as Matthiolus faith hee hath knowne divers to avoyd fo much water by Vrine.by taking foure or five ounces at a time of the Lye made of luniper alhes.that they have beene holpen thereby : it doth alfo provoke womens courfes being flayed, and doth helpe the nfing and other pames of the mother : the berries arc good for the [tomacke and to diffolve the fwelhngsand windmefle thereof land ate likewife profitable tor the cough and fhortneffe of breath, and other difeafes of the Chcft and Lungs and to eafe the griping pames and corments m the belly, they are alfo prevalent to helpe Ruptures, Convulfions and Crampes:to procure a fate and ealiedeli- very unto women with child, for which pnrpol'e Matibiohu advifeth to take feven luniper, and feven Bay- berries, halfc a dramme o{'C*JJr* llgnea, and adramof Cinamon, thefetcing groffely bruifcd put them into the belly of aTurtlc Dove to be rolled therewith, letitbe balled with the fat clan Hen, whereof they aretoeate every other evening: The ferapings ol the wood faith Thofcorides being eaten doth kill men, u hich claulc both Matthiclu, and Tragus before him finde much fault with, feeing it is contrary to the lotmer part of the Text and thtuft thereinto by others, for as he faith neither the bed copies have it therein, neither doe Cjalen, Tanlus eAEgi- wrfa.nor Seraplo who wrote wholly after Viofcorides his Text word for word make any fuch mention of the properties ol the wood, and more faith he it is found faifeby tryall made thereof .-but Scaltger in his l y. Booke and ,8. exercife,maintaineth the Text of Diofcondes, in that although the decodfion of the wood is wliolefome, yet the (craping or courfe powder by the drinefiethereoffticking to the guts doth fufiocate, m the fame manner as Colocjr.thu which to bee rightly prepared muft bee beaten and finely lifted lead it cleave to the bowells and blillet them : the berries are very comfortable to thebraineand llrengthcn the memory and fight , and all the fenfes and the heart alfo: being eytherdrunke in wine or thedecoftion of themin wine taken: the fame alfo is good againft a quattane, and diffolveth the winde in the belly and in gencrall is effeftuall for all di- lcafes as well outward as inward proceeding of any cold caufe, it they (hall take of the berries twoor three times a weeke three or foure at a time in wine, which muft bee gathered in the fit time of the ripenefle, moyltned with and after fairely dryed upon a cloth: the Salt made of the afhes of the luniper wood is a lingular remedy for the Scurvey, the putrefied and fpongy gums, and generally redding all putrefaction : The Chymicall oyle drawne from the berries while they are greeneis as effeftuall if not more to all the purpofes aforefaid : there is an oyle alfo drawne out of the luniper wood per dejeenfum as they call it, which is ve¬ ry rood againft the toothach and for the Goute, Sciatica and refolution of the Nerves or Sinewcs comming of cold. The gumme of luniper isufedlikeas Amber is to (fay cold rheumaticke diftillations,dtfluxions and Ca- tarrhes'upon the eyes or Lungs,&c. the fumes thereof upon the burning on coales being taken into a cappe (the head alfo holden in the meane time over the laid fumes J at night and to lie covered therewith i or the powder thereof with other things fit for the purpofe, (hewed upon Flax and to be quilted into a cappe to bee worne m the nightchiefely.and in the day alfo as neede (hall require : the faid gumme in powder taken in wine doth day vomitings, inward bleedings and fpitting of blood, womens courfes alio, and all other the fluxes of the belly, and of the hemorrhoides or piles: the lame alfo killeth the wormes in children, and mixed with fome oyle of Rofes and Myrtles heileth the chappes of the fundiment,kibes alio and chilblanes on the hands and feet: the pow¬ der of the gumme mixed withthe white of an Hgge, and applyed to the forehead flayeth the bleeding at the nofe : the fame alio burned upon quicke coales, and the fumes thereof taken thorough a funnell upon an akmg tooth taketh away the paine : it is effeftuall in moift Vlcers and Fiftulaes, and weeping running fores, to dry up the moifture in them whichhindereth their cure : the liquid Varniffi is an efpeciall remedy againft fca.dines with water or burnings with fire, and to helpe the painefull and bleeding Piles, and Pajfie, Crampes, Convulfions ot the Nerves and Sinewes: The fmoake of luniper wood being burned, befides that it yeeldcth a good lent to per¬ fume any houfe, it is of good ufe in the time of infeflion, and driveth away all noyfome Serpents, Flies, 1 Wallpcs, Tribe The Theater of Tlants. Chap, 51. Wafpes.&c. theafhes of the woodorbarke made into a Lye with water doth core all itches, fcafches pufiiilesor ot her eruptions in the skinne, yea and the Lepry alfo if the places be bathed therewith. The Cjermanes Treakle of Iuniper berries is made in this manner. Take what quanticie you will of frefti but ripe Iuniper bei ries, brtiife them and boyle them in a reafonable quanticie of water untill they bee well boy led, ftraine and prefle them hard in a prefle with pulpe and liquor fet to the fire againe in a glafed earthen veflell and evaporate away fo much of the humiditie, ftirring of it continually untill it become of the thicknefle of an Hlefluary, which then put intro pots or glafles to be kept for your ufe, whereof a lmall quantitie taken morning and evening doth wonderfully helpe them that are troubled with the ftone in the Reines orKidneyes, with the Chollicke, with the paincs of the mother, and the (loppings of their courfts, is good againft Catarrhes and rheumes, the fhortnefle of breath and winde, the ftraightnefleof the breaft, the cough, thecruditie rawnefle, and indifpofition c-'the ftomacke againft the Plague and other infeift ious difeafes, for it preferveth and defendeth the heart and vital! fpirirs from infection and venome, and againft fwownings and faintneffe, the paines, fwimming and giddirrefle in the head againft frenfie alfo and madnefle, for inflammations and rheumes into the eyes, and pre/erving the iT ht* dearenefie in hearing, and ftench of the gums mouth or breaft, heipeth the Droplie, Jaundies, Falling ficknctfc* Paine and Goute, healetrh inward Impoftumes : in briefc it not onely heipeth all difeafes wherewith the body is poffefled, but keepeth it in health and free from all difeafts.This one thing is memorable thereof if it be credible that Virgin faith thereof in his tenth Eclogue , chat the fhadow of the Iuniper tree is hurtfull both to man and tbr corne in theft verfts, S urgamusjfolet ejfe gravis cant ant thus umbra, luniperi gravis umbra noccnt & fiugibus umbra. Chap. XXXI. Gxycedrus minor , The prickly or frnall Cedar. ^Doe not intend in this place to fpeake of the great Cedar, in that it neither hath thornes nor prickly ‘ leaves,but of fome of the lower and leffer forts which are prickly as they follow. 1. Oxyccdrus •. The prickly Cedar. This prickly Cedar groweth in fome places to be a rail tree, but mod ufually not much above a mans height, whofe body is crooked and bending covered with a fcabbed or rugged reddifh Darke, upon the branches grow long and narrow, fharpe and prickly leaves like unto thofe of Iuniper but longer and bigger, three for the nioft part fet together,among the leaves come frnall yellow flowers which rurne into round berries greenc ac the M and yellowifh after, but of an excellent red colour when they are thorough ripe, larger then Iuniper berries Oxyccdrus, The prickly Cedar. r. C edrus P hanicea folio Cuprejft. Cyprefl'e-hke Cedar. by 1032 CJh a p.3i» Theatrum Bctanicum. f R!B S bv much as theother Cedars that follow, fometirr.es [growing as great as Hafell nuts , bundled out in divers D i 3cts w ith three or fqure fmall uneven white feedes within them* greater then thofe in the lumper berries, which berries abide on the tree all the W inter,and fall not away untill yonng ones ate budded and growne grecne. 2. Cedrus Phenicea folio Cuprejfi. Cyprefle-like Cedar. This other Cedar hath likewife a crooked (lemme feldome growing above a mans height fpread into many antics and fmaller branches covered with a rugged reddifh barke, the lower leaves, efpecially of a young plant 1 ■ ;b r£ j t be (j[ tobeare fruit are long and fharpe pointed, like unto Iuniper leaves but longer, but the upper leaves ov vcben ihe trees groweth elder doe change their forme and become flat and plaited like unto vyprefie leaves.not .... re or nricklv stall, fotha, one would thinke verily that l'eeth them at feverall times, that thefe trees were not “f J. but of different kinds, which being rubbed fmell fweet and refinous: at the end of every branch commeth a vellowilh flower, which afterwards turncth into a round berry, greene at the firft and reddifh when itis ■" bein" fomewhat mellow, tailing more bitter but aromaticall, concerning within it three or foure feeds. F * 0 2 Cedrus Pbenicea minor. The teller Cypreffe- like Cedar. This little Cedar is in all things like the Jaft, Jjut letter both in body and leaves,the fruit alfo is like thereun¬ to a- d reddifli when it is ripe^ut fmaller,even no bigger then Iuniper berries. 5 The Place. Ail thefe forts grow as well on the mountaines Taurus, and Olympus t as neare tne Sea fide, and the mour,taines not tore from 'JMcmpchcr in N trior*, and in Naples alfo, and in Mcrmias Mauhwlm faith. The Time. They bloflome in the Spring of the yeare which foone fall away , the fruit followeth but will not bee ripe un¬ till the next yeare after,the fit ft fpringing like herein unto the Iuniper. The Names. The firft is called in Greeke x) KiePp©- jwkU, Oxycedrus and Cedrus Lycia, of fome Cedrus baccifera a „d minor Phanice* to put a difference betwcenc it and the great Cedrus, which is c vMzdJPhdmcea alfo,, and coni- Arabcraufe it chiefly groweth on the hills in Phenice , fome alfo call it Cedrus Phamcea folijsCupreJf/ % T he firft is called bv Civ Cm Lugdur.exfn, and ‘Dodonaut in his French booke Oxycedrus , but by .him in his Latine wotke Oxjcedm pLnicea/by CMatthiolus and Tabermontanw Cedrus Phamcea, by Gefnerin hortjs Cedrus minor and Ccdrula bv Cafior ‘D nr antes, Cedrus minor vel Phsrnicea, by Anguilar a Iuniper t prima ffecies five Diofcoridu lum¬ per us, bv Lob el Juniper us major Monfpelienfium and Oxyar cent isfive lumperw acuta, by Cor dm on Thofcor ides Ce. xlrr.i manna five Iuniperw vc rotrino, by Ccfalfitim as ic is likely ] uniform mmtanafrttltH pave, and as likely by Camerarius Inniperus major hairoa hacci, ruhriz, I doe not fo much wonder at the variable opinions ofdiversof our later authors (who not knowing or not thoroughly confidering each herbe whereof they wrote to compare them exrctlv b / thofe of the auncients (in that hetbarifme or the knowledge of herbes was not lo exactly knowne unco them, they living but in the dawning of the lightof knowledge) have fome of them as you may lee here related caiied that .a Iuniper which others afterwards have moft truly referred to the Oxycedrus of Ca en and Theophrafhis who alfo as I (aid before called ic Cedrus Lycia as T/ty alfo did) as I doe at Bauhirm of whom eve¬ ry one did expedt in a worke of fortie yeares gathering, a true definition of every plant, that hee fhould rather make this tree a Iuniper (all the forts ofluniper giving blacke or blewifli berries which in my opinion is a cer- taine note to know them from the Cedars that give red berries) and place it among their forrs calling it Iumpeius major bacca rufefeente then am mg the Cedars ,when as yet he himfelfe doth acknowledge it a Cedar .and doth fee ic down- for the 0 xycedrus Theopbrajli and Galeniizht fecond is varioufly intituled by divers, fhnj callcth itCe- drtu Phenice a BeUonius Cedrus pnmilafolijs obtufis and Cedrus Phanicea, Matthiolus, Gefner in hortis and Dfir.intes Oxycedrus Lycia Label .Cedrus. Phanicea media & alter Dodonetis Oxy cedrus folio Cnpreffi aut Sabina major Alonfpe- lienfirsmCbuzthe fame note that I gave to know Iuniper from Cedar which is the Blackcjberries, may ferve alfo for Savimuall the forts of them likewile giving blacke berries and not r cd)Cltffius Juniper us major y Lugdunenfis Thnj* quart 7 ; (rent's for which Clufius doth j’uftly taxe him for hi3 confident boldnefle to make this and others thatbeare berries to be Vfc«jAzu^ohiy agriocaccymelon: but Galen faith that they call it in Afia Pmrmtim, in Latine Vrunw fylvcjhii and Prtmellw, Tie gill quarto Geargicorttm cal— Iethit Spinw in the mafeulinc gender in thefe words, Et Spinu) jamprunaferentes. And fo doth Serviw and divers other authors fince their times. The Bulleis is accounted a kind of wild Plumme, of the kinds. whereof I have fpoken in my former booke. The Italians call it Pruno falvatico , the French Prunity Jauvaga, Yrunelier and Pc!ef]rr,(heGe?ma»es Scblchexdorn and Haherfclehen , the Dutch Slehendoren and wee in Snglijh Blacke Thorne or Sloe tree, or Bufh. The Vertucs , All the parts of the Sloe bufh are binding, cooling and drying, and all cffcftuall to lfay bleedings at the nofeor mouth or any other place, the Laske of the belly or flomack or the Bloodv flux, the abundance of womens courfes, and helpeth to eafe the paine in the fides.bowells and guts,that come by overmuch kowring, todrinke the decoffion ofthe barke of the roote, or more ulually the decoffion of the berries eyther frefh or dryed. The Conferve likewife is of very great ufe and mod familiarly taken for the pur¬ ports aforefaid : but the diftillcd water ofthe flowers firfl deeped in Sackefor a night, and drawne therefrom by theheateof 3 Balneum,is a moffeertaine remedy tryed and approoved,to eafe all manner of gnawings in the fiomacke, the (ides heart or bowe!ls,or any other griping paines in any of them, to drinke a l'tnall quantitie when the extremities of painc are upon them : the leaves alfo are good to make lotions, to gargle and wafhthe mouth and chroate, wherein is fweliings, fores or kernells, and to flay the defluxions of rheurne to the eyes or other parts,as alfo to coole theheate and inflammations In them,and to eafe the hot paines of the head.tq bathe the fore¬ head and temples therewith. The Ample deflilled water of the flowers is very cffeftuall alfo for the (aid purpo- fes, and fo is the condenfate or thickned j'uice of the Sloes: the diftilled water of the greene berries before they be ripe is ufed alfo for the faid effedls of cooling binding and (faying the flux ofblood and humours, and fomc other purpoks.queftttdiofe prstereo. The j'uice of the fruit of Sloes is taken as a Subllitute for the j’uice of Acacia in all our Apothecarier Pnoppes, which fubfficution although it bee not much to be mifliked, as having one and Ttrt 3 ' “ bus 1034. Ch AP.33. Theatrwn 'Botanicurn. r 1 b e 9 . ~hnr nne nua!i:ic of the Acacia in it which is the binding, yetis it c*et per in the degree oi cooling : burdivers learned men in fundry places and namely the Phititians of padea and Nafts have accounted the ccr.dcnfate of Sumach or of ,*/<«/«, to be a better fubBitute anfwering to the qualities of the Acacia in more than the ■ „ -of Sloesdoth: forfubftituteshad needeof muchconfideration and judgement, not onely to eealikem the fi r (t qualities, that is a roote for a roote, a feede for a feede, a juyee or gum, for a jttyce or a gum,Ac- and not a jnvee or gumme in (feede of a roote or feede, or contranwile : but in the fecond qualities alfo ofafubfimne • h-r is in heate and cold, that contraries be not admitted, either of cold tor hot,or hot for coldjyea and in the third qual'ty likewise, that they may anfwere as neere as may be poffible, the lame degrees that they neither want nor a SOU-din any degree. And although Galen did appoint the double quantity of Cajfu 1 m the Read of Cmamen which made Q «ttui to cad into his difh.that by the fame rule he might take double the quantity ofcourlt: bread in the (lead oflo much fine, as was appointed to make a medicine; yet Galena anfwere to him flandeth good, rhar the teloefl of fubftitutes, (tandeth not in taking twife fo much, of that which is worfe in Read of that which is pood but as in the aftions of men,whenastheftrength of one man is not fufficient to beare, lift, or move, a It Ire or enninc, we cue two or more to doe it: but there are other fubflitutes admitted among our Apothecaries, into thefe two great Antidotes of Michradatmm and Theraca Andromache, which are 110 way tc> be allo wed or r stlerr-ed nor ever vvouldbcinanyof the famous Citties of Italy, which is to fuffer the Cane Ha alba (falfly cal¬ led Certea’mnterani') which is the batke of a tree.tobethefubflituic for Cojiut which is a roote, in one mans difnenfation, when as the like was never feenc before,and to deny a genuine and right Simple,to be put into ano¬ ther m ns compofition,becaufe the thing was leant, and not for everyone ealily to cbtaine, nor the pticelow, rlnreveiv onemi°ht have cheape, and therefore in Reade of an aromaticall rofine, ufean tmfhous or fatOyle, mf-<■'on-rarv ro'the rules of Arc, the rule of fubfitutes, and thecourfeof other famous and worthy prbfeflours ijiother Countries, who by fparing no coft to obtaine fitch genuine drngges as are rare fcarfely to be had, and yet of elDeciaflufe, have made themlelves and their compofitions famous through the whole world: whereas others u . c., n _ too pteedv of gaine.and too envious of any others better proceedings than their owne.have ufed,and Rill doe farre meaner things than they fhould : but boU, what hath juft anger againff the errours inmyprofeflion drawee me to utter ? if is rather in hope that all will amend being forewarned, than to touch any in particular, t ’. a t w i!l hereby take himfelfe to be taxed, for thereby he fhall fliew himfelfe guilty of the crime, although none doeaccufe him. Chap. XXXIII. Traguifive TragHm Mattbioii. The Sea ptickely plant. .IP!* His ftrasling fellow 1 have followed to the Sea fide to bring to your view, and have therefore thruft Slfikl in the end of this Claffis, being neereftto this tribe of prickly plants, although it felfe be lomewhat ’ tf .1 t _ _ tT.... fl ,ro vitUaIji r^pfrpmfmn le in , . . T ragum Mattbioii. fMSH gentle or leffe offenfive , whofc defeription is in M this manner . ]t fpreadeth divers crooked greene (Hikes, varioufly branched, and the branches fouldcd one within another, thicke let with fmall flrorc, and fomewhat (barpe, pale greene leaves, three or foure fet together, thicke and doling the (hike at the bottome, forming as it were a great joynt, rciembling the finite of the Caltrcpe, m fome plants and places the leaves will betwile as long, Lutin gar¬ dens are never fo lharpe of prickly, as in the natural! places; at the joynts upwards (land feverall fmall ycllowilh greene flowers, which afterwards turne into fmall fiat feedes, with¬ in a three fquare prickly huske: the roote is fmall and long, peri Idling every ycai e utterly, fothatif itfownot itfelle.as in the natural!'places it doth, itmuft be new fowr.e every veave: the whole plant is almoR without any tafte, cither of hcate. or cold, or drying, yet more endining to heate than cold, as many fea plants doe. The Place. This plant groweth neere the Sea fide, not onely in other R tC untries whete by the heate of the climate, the bran- ches are ha dcr, and the leaves more fharpe and pricking, but on our owne coalfs alio in divers places, although nothing fo fharpe yet fomewhat prickly. The Time. Icflowreth not ufually untill the middle of Ldy } and the feede is ripe in the end of AuguPi. The Names. Tragus is my.®- dittio, a word of many fignifications, for this is neither the T&’yQ- Tragus of c Diofcorides i which he faith fome alfo called S corptw, nor yet of Pliny which hee makeththe Scorpios of Thcophrafius , nor yet the 7 >*gw Cere - alts, whereof you fhall heare further in his place, nor yet the Tragum or T & gum vulgar e of ClufiM, which is our Dit- tander : but a prickly fea plant adjudged by Label and others, Co be a kinde of Kali, and call it Kali jpinofHm, which CWat- The Sea prickly plant. thiolus T ribs 9. The Theater of Thants. Chap .35 103 tbio/uf let forth for the right Tragus or Scorpim at Tisfcorides, but confoundeth it with the Scorpiw (oriVrpoa^ Gxra tranflateth it) of Theophrnfius : and therefore all others finee his time call it Tragus, or Tragnm MatthMi , and LobelTragm in Probus Mattbiola. Anguilara calleth it T)rjpii and faith Tragonmm efl : Lobol hath let forth the figure hereof with longer leaves, and C«t»rr call not onely contrary to all other in our times, but quite contrary alio to Thfophrajlw his true diftinftion which he (heweth is betweene the male and female in his ninth booke and twen¬ tieth Chapter in thefe words, d/ffert famina filix a mafcula,e]Hod folium unico artu porrePlum b 1 referved to be here fet cogether.diftinft from the former. . l - Lathjrm annum major Baticur. The great Spanijl annuallCichelire. —■——This hath two or three flat ftalkes a yard long or more welted as it were with skinnes or filmes on. r tii e , S es > having two fmall leaves at each joynt where £hoote forth the branches, bearing two a,ona 1c long and broad leaves about the middle thereof one againft another, with a twining dafper running ^ CW | Cen i e th f n i’ ?°- V L e J S |i n S * l y u P on ^ on S fbotftalkes, of a deeper purple colour but leffer then L , jar en klnde d e (cnbed in the laft Chapter,after which fucceede long pale coloured cods very like un- rrihethevery WIt lln tnem ls hkewifie; the roote is fmall not running deepe nor growing great but pe- r • ■ Latbyrm'Batiem elegeim filiejuUOrebi. Spanifi partie coloured Cichelings. 115 P nn § . U P mc ° d ‘ v f rs branches a fadom long, with fuch like welts or skinny membranes on both lides, at every ,oynt whereof come forth long leaves divided at the toppe into two other fmaller leaves, arid higher upwards fet with fix leaves on both Tides, and on the middle bet weene them commeth forth a fmall fbrrhTS.fl ndr | w M eby 1C caccheth b0ld of every thin § fiandcth n ™ unt0 ic > « thc joynts likewife come ? c 0W ? S; <^ r one ot two at the moft upon long footftalkes like unto the other of his kind,the upper ™ e , Cr . Inif< J n or °renge colour, and the other in the middle of a perfeft whiteiafter the flower is paft ler Peale ° fUK ln ° n ^ P ods ’ cvcr V tcede bunching out like the pods of Orobus and as bigge almoft as the fmal« ■ . 3 * Lathyrm majorfiliejuabrevi. The greater fhort codded Cicheline. Ihism manner of growing diftereth little from the former, onely the flower hath the inner leaves white r. Lathy ms B^ticus elegant ftliquit Oroli, Sp.jntpj parcie coloured Cichelings. ?. L atbyrut major filiqua brevi. The greater (hort codded Cichcling, m, y>m M^ f anti Ch a p.6, T,beatrum 'Bctanicum. Tribe, il. t Latbyrus Baiiiutflorelutea. ' Vtllow Spi.r.lQl C.chehng. and the outer fomcwhat purphTh : the cods chac follow are thickc and faort, with fmall round blackifa Pcale within them. 4, Lathy us minorfilicjua brevi. The letter (hort codded Cicheling. The difference beeweene this and the lait confifteth more in the fmallneffe then in any other thing having that the Lathym 1 co ds hereof have a little roughneffe on them. Wechave t" w “ another fmaller then the laft agreeing in moil things elie laving the cod which is longer and fmaller. ° 5. Lathym major ar.^ufliffimo folio. Grade leafed Cicheling. The (hike hereof is ttenderand weake, the leaves long and narrower then graffe. fometimes two and lomc- times three together: the flowers (land each upon a (hike of a blewifh purp'e and fometimes reddifli, rhe fruit is fmall and bla. kifh contained in final! (hort coddes* croo¬ ked at ti e ends. 6 . Lathy us minor amiijtijjimo joho. Fennell-like leafed k icheling. This is fmaller weaker and tenderer in all pa'ts then the lall. the leaves are as (mail thin and long as Fennell, the coddes and ftedeare like the lall oncly the flowers are of a pale reddifli colour. 7. Lathjrus palujlris Lttfitanicus, Spanijh Marfa Cichelings. This in the beginning d.ffcreth little from the firtt but that the flowers Hand ufually two together, the outer [cafe of a bright purple and the middlemolt of a pale pur¬ ple : the cods are (lendcrer and as long as the of a pale colour with (mall fputted Peafe within themtur- ningblacke when they are dry. 8 . Ltthyrus Btticus flore luteo. Yellow SpanijZ Cicheling. This Spamfi kind is in bignefi'e, forme of (hikes and leaves like the firft of thefe here fet downe, onely the floweis are all yellow with purple veints in them, alter which follow cods very like, and of the fame bhnelle with the firft, but the Peale are fmaller and rongher,or as it were netted. The ?lace and Time. All thcle (orts except the fixt (which I found in clenfing of Annefeede to ufe) grow in Spaine, and from thence were brought with a number ofothcr rare feedes beiidcs by CjuUIaumeToel and imparted to Mo Coyot Slabbers in Efex in love, as a lover of rate plants, but to me of debt, for going into Spaine almolt wholly on my charge hce brought tr.ee little elle for my mony, but while I bcate the bufti another catcheth and eateth the bird : fo while I with care and coft fowed them yearely hoping firft ro publifh them, another that never law diem un- leffe in my Garden, nor knew of them but by a collateral! friend, prevents me wliomthey knew had their dc- feriptions ready for the Preffc. The Names, Thetr feverall names are expreffed in their titles, none of them being publifhed before, except you may rc- ferre the fift unto Bauhmm his Lathyus major an^uFiiJJlmo folio, defcribcd in his Prodromtis wheteunto it is m oft like. t The Venues. I have not underftood that they ferve for meate or medicines to any of the people where they are naturall: but utterly neglcftcd and (hould never have beene further knowen, as it in like manner fallcth out in all countries unlcffe a cunning curious fearchcr,fuchasthis Tdoel was,happen to pry carefully over the coaftscf them. Chap. VI. Cicercula. Winged or cornered Cichelings. vajlfligHavcyou fee divided this Chapter from the two former, (although they may tee and are called Lathyi feSjlpa by many good authors)upon good grounds as I take it:for although in growing they are like Lathjrus, £e 3 j®> yee fome of themhave their cods winged, andothersnot winged, and all havelquareor cornered Peale within them: 1 ihinke therefore thefe formes doe argue a fpecificall diverficie fit to be dillin- gui(hed,bcing all annuall alfo. 1. Cicerculafive Lathy utfativm flare albo. Whiteflowrcd winged Cicheling. This Cicheling hath weake winged ftalkes trayling on the ground if they be not helped like as all thefor- tr.er have, with two fmall leaves at the joynts and two other narrower leaves likewife on the branches which end in divided clafpers, the flowers are white that (land on long footftalkes, and after them fomewhatflat and Ihort cods with two little narrow filmes all along thebackeof them, the feede within them is foinewhat larger then the wild forts,flat white and cornered: the rooteis fmall and fibrous perifhing every yeare. 2. Cicercula flare purpureo. Blackifh purple winged Cichelings. This other is in manner of growing like the former,the flowers onely and the fruit declare the difference, for the Tr IBE II. The Theater of 'Plants. ‘he flowers arc ofadarke dead purple,and the cods that -ollow are (mall and withfilmes at their backes like the •affthefeede within themare cornered-buc of a darke co- our almoft blacke. 3. CiccrcuLi Bictict tf-Egyptian Clufij. Blew flowred Cichelings. This alfo differed) in nothing from the former but in that it hath larger leaves and the flowers pale, blew on the outfide and the inner leaves more blew, the cods are (mall and almofl found winged at the backe like the for¬ mer, wherein lyeb'rowne cornered feede. 4. Ciccrcula flare ntbente. Red flowred winged Chich'elings. The manner ofthe growing hereof is in all things like the former, but that the ereene leaves are narrower and longer then the laft, and the flowers are of a kind of dead Orenge colour after which follow fomewhat fliort round cods with browmlh cornered feede. 5 . CircercuUjivc Lmbjrm Bxticui dumctorum. Spanijb bjfh Cichelings, Vnto thefe kinds of Cichelings let me adde this as com- ming nearer unto them then unto Vetches, for this hath divers long weake (hikes with filmes on the edges, at the joynts are two fmall leaves, and from betweene them come forth the branches, having divers (mail darke greene leaves fee on them fomewhat round at the ends,’Tome- times three on a fide and Sometimes bur two, vet not al- wayesone agamfl another,from tbcbofom* of the(hike and the branch commeth forth ufually two flowers on a rhf/n , ^ 1. Site or 4 . Cumuh/lon nbmte. rvea flowred Cir heluigs. > pi &W. m?. I III, • ». I I ■ ;.h I Hi] 1. i I ffll m I 1 1 1 iiii c rheatrum \Botanicutn. Tribe. H. bcare ripe fruit when the former doe. names. The three firft are remembred by our modeme writers, cMcdk 7 ". mr and CkcrcuU, Lobe l Lathy,s aagufi,wre grammeofoho C ™ZZZL and \>7 fa** on Vtofcortdcs P befools i mm , FuchfiM Ervttm album janvttmpj X ” calleth eslracw five Cicera, and Cawrwi'w Latbyrtu flare Ervkm W./»* :*e fecond Hl^five Larky* vSgyf. tortttn. , , „„i p in in rbc want ofbread, for where thefe arc food feldome dM^he^afte^ofanybreado^'cwii^heyarcaU of a compaft fubftance, and therefore nourhh more but are hardly erf onepeted. ___ ■ 7 ^’ ,;} Chap. VII. orchppvtErvilia. Winged wilde Peafe. er ,„^- ,. ,. ... , f p Ilir ,‘ , J vc ontdy feene and nourled up with me two forts much differing in the man- , d „«a Och’tu fat EiVilmp’O & fiuflualbo. The wince wilde winged Peafe. SistieswK^'--^ end^s i: were crowing from tb? middle ribbe of the other, . - ^ >u at the toppe whereof flanderh two or three twining cla - pers : this never Qiooteth forth any branches that ever J could fee, but the leaves from almofl the bottpmes ofthe (hikes upwards are parted as it were at the w PP e 0 £* e .“J into one or two fmaller leave-, or rather one or two fmallec leaves gro n at the toppe of them with the dafpers between them, at the foote of thefe leaves come forth Angle flowers, like the former Cichelitg, wholly white which turneinto fuiall round and long cods, with (mail crooked points at the ends, and fames at the backes, wherein are contemed fmall round whitifh peafe, fomewhat bitter, the roote is (mall and long, with fome fibres which wholly perifh yearely x. Ervilia altera. Theblack jlh winged Wilde Peale. This other differeth in nothing from the former bur in the flowers which arc tending to areddifh purple, and the Peafe in the Cods, which are more duskie declining to a blacke. 7 'he place and 7 tme. Theie we onely nurfe up in our Gardens, having received them from friends, that are love s of rarities, yet Label iaith they grow naturally in £«*W«,they flower and give ripe finite from the middle of l«l 7 1 ) the end of Aug,ell. The Names. That which jheophrafhis in quarto de canfn plant. 2. calleth OcbrM.Gaza ttanflatedl Ctcera : butby Plmjlib. i8.c. “If Emilia by which name ic is u'ually called in thefe later times by molt Herbai ids. LM faith it feemeth to be fo cal¬ led aua& eruende & eijeteuda- Mattkrol* calleth It Aracur tuoer but erronioufiy, DtUaaam calleth it SrjJta fyheEr„. LobelOchrM fjlveflrie five Emdta, and Larger, ft, faith the Herbarifls in his time called it Cuter ervinum, the other hath not beene mentioned by any before. The Venues, Wefinde that Galea writeth m Lb.alimnuorum that Ochrut hath a meane or middle property, betweene thofethatbeof good & bad nourifliment.and between thofe that are otcalrc and hard digeftion, breeding and not breeding wind, and nourifhing mtichor little, and not of any fpeciall quality: whereby it is availeable to purge the Liver Splcenc and Reines,and to clenfe the skinne trom morphe w, Icurfc lepry and running tetters, lx diffolveth hard tumors in the cods,and healeth Impoftumcs and foule lores being uled with bony. Chap, T R IB E II, The Theater of Tlants. Chaf,8. 9 - io67 Chap. VIII. Aphaca, The yellow wilde Vetch. Have thought it fitted to place this Pulfe alone by it felre, and before the Lencills, as partakin theri of, not hliding any other of the former or following Pulfes, to be anlwerable thereunto and there’ fore take the description thereof here in this * nd - re “ aphaca. The yellow wifcfc Vetch. 1 manner. It rifeth up higher than Lentills, with many weake (lender and cornered ftalkes full of joynts, with fmall leaves at them fet by couples clofe together untill they be well growne,which then (land more leparare in funder, each whereof is broad at thebottome, as it were doling the (hike, and fmall at the end, fomewhat like unto the fmall Binde- weede leaves branching upwards, and every one ending in a fmall clafper, the flowers come forth at the joynts of the leaves, and clafpers with them, from the mjddle up¬ wards, of a pale yellowifh colour, and afterwards fmall and fomewhat flat cods, longer than thofe of Lentills, wherein lie foure or five hard blackc round flattifh Ali¬ ning feede, the roote is fmall and long, with many fibres andendureth not, peri(hing every yeare. The Place andTime. ft groweth in divers come Holds in Kent, and elfe where, flowrethin Inly, and the feede is ripe in Ak- The Tfjmes. It is generally held to be the A>*'»» Aphacn of Diofco . des, Galen, and Pliny, the name being derived from the Pcafeand the Lentill, both which it doth in fome parts felemblc, but not that of Theophrajlw, which is ac¬ counted inter imubacea, but that in 8. Htft.Plant, c. y. a- mong Lentills, Peafe, and other Pulfe, it is taken alfo by Ltigditnenjis to be his o&fayx” Orobanchc lib.can/a- rnmc.zi. that groweth among Orobus and flrangleth it, Anguilara and Cameraritu take it to be bis pi- tine. Dodonans and Lobel call it Aphacct THofcoridis J-ugdHncnfu Orobanche /evvwrv.becaufc he acknowledg- eth vnopatx Orobancheptabermentanus 8Luma tertia,tnd Hankinses Vkta lutcafolijs convolvuli minor Is, The Vertues. Diofcorides faith that it hath an aflringent propertie, and that therefore being parched, broken and boiled, af¬ ter the manner of Lentills, they flay the fluxes, both of dwLm°T Cke GaUn faith “ “binding as the Lentill, & is ufed to be eaten as the Lentill: but it is hardtier gelled , yet it drieth more powerfully, and healeth moderately, which aflringent qualitic, laith Dedmtus wed have found true by our owne experience in this Aphaca. 4 » wc< ? Chap. IX. Lens Lentills. IHere are three forts hereof, a greater, a leffer.and a fpotted one, as ffcall be declared, ylggj 1. Lens major. The greater Lentill W.Jf , The *: en V 11 hach fu ?*y nend " " cake branches fomewhat hard, two foote lonv fmm WS wbencefhoote forth at ieverall palces long ftalkes, offmali winged leaves, that is,many on each fide clafper- thc°flo, ! ’ 7, Til? u ° ne ** ch f e " d i for the ™ dd '™bbe of each (talk enrieth in a fmall ciaipcr. tne ttov ers are fmall,and rife from betweene the leaves and the ftalkes pi«m fnr ~ - u » fmall /b 8 fooce of a fad rcddi111 P ur P le coIour ’ fomewhat like to thofe of Vetches after which emoe fmall fhorr, and fomewhat flat cods, within which are contained two or three flat round fmooth lied- I P»le yellowifh alhcolour; Remote is fibrous, andperilbechyearely roundfmooth feede, of a, . 2. Lens minor. The ieffer Lentill: Whiter:' thC fl0WerS are m0rep3le - **"*** in the’eods i s T ,. ... ?. Lens macnlat. Spotted Lentills. wkbbladeT'fpo^r" 11 liCdCd ' ffCrenCC£r0 “ the!aftminy th ‘ nS > but the fecde which ‘ s blackifh, fpotted j'L. r r The Place ar>d Time C e I. former even beyond the feacs.ate onely fo wne in the fields as other manured Pulfes are,and fo are they in Yy yy 2 ■ tome 10^8 Chap. io» Theatrum Botanicam. Tribi ii. Lm major vcl minor. The greater or leffer Lentill. The Names. . jits?sssr^ 5 ^eSlk£ %}^ g£i! £S?JgZSSSSSl ffiSrV?; ^s&tssz tlUtim/ leaving IS as thinking that a rhf Venues. , Cd/en faith, that Lentills hold a nreane betwccnc heatc S?^£ 33 S 3$5 paffeaway, neither doe_tney . y f ort hthe thofe that are not tasked Gale » of LcDtiUs , ^^^st-sssstios: u^.>r*ffitesaaifa'£ terly'fotbidden to thofe that have dry confutations:; it is not convenient for women that want their alfohurtfull to the fight dulling it by dryingupthe moiftur * , vUcoridei further addeth, it breedeth contfa. but rather for them that ^nd the finewes t with other binding herbss, as Pur- troublefome dveames.and is hurtfull to the head, the lu g , Services, &c, taken with vinegar, it is the thine red Beetes, Mirtles, dried Rofes, Pomegranat ™ d ”>“ . t ^ ete0 Fwi t h wheate flower appliedcateth the more tiowerfull to binde and flay laskes and flaxes r the ft*» = be ‘ n S b °V kd ln vlne B Jr ic gout, ufed with bony it dofeth U P tbe .liPP^ ' Mellilot. and a little Rofewater put thereto, it diflolveth knots and kernells; and being boiled with Qflin . ‘ ‘ ere of which neede a ftronger medi- . helpeththe inflammations oftheeyes hony to it: itlikewife ftaieththofe cini.it iaboiled with drwdRofaarfPom^nwn^ » feme f e a -water, and& it.. good for creeping cankers that are ready to turne to a gangreene, pu g . ufcd w uh vinegar hit is good alfo for wheales, and running or watering them, .fit be boyled in fea-water and applied a few Rofe-leaves and Quinfes- ____. ~ Chap. X. Arocusfive Cicer*. Wilde Cichling Peafe. , Have two forts of Pulfes to bring ^ I jud8 emcnt^a =SS ofbe^^ ^ ^ M^ri This greater Peafe fpreadeth on the mary^arke greene hairy pointed times a yard lone or more, at the e y er , a - ) ^ lpcr \[ e Jhe former lentills or Vetches, at the footc kavet, on each fide of a middle nbbe, which e n^»*^ r f “ lk ofa dusk ie whitifli purple colour, with ofthe leaves come forth Angle flowers °" J^^^X^^eofthe upperlcaves next to the ftalkes, which deeper purple vemes therein and of adeeperpp t hkke,and almoft round blackifh cods, cover'd with a when they are pad, there come in their P|^ fourc round blackifh feede or Peafe, almcft likeur.toblackifh fhorthair.neffe thereon, within which Uc ttaee f , therooteis f mlU and fibrous, and penfheth yearely. velvet as bigge as the ctcercnU> but not corn **.• lcfTer wilde Cichelins Peafe* . 2. Aracus minor LuftamcM The lei c W , the flowers arc ofa pale TH, other apreerh much with the former, tutlcffcr in all parts, and nothing y white white in my Garden, or whiciilr yellow colour in o- thers, and the cods, fmooth, (mailer, not hairy, with (mailer and blackilh coloured Pea(e within them: the roote hereof perifheth likewi(e. The Place ar^dTime, Eoth the(e Pulfes were brought and (cut me among o- ther ieedes by Bocl before mentioned .■ the firft out of Spaine , and the other cut of Portugal , andflowredjnthe end of Inly, giving their Icedein Angufi and September : but as he laid, he gathered the ripe' (cede in April/ and dlday, in the naturall places. The Names . Galen in putting a difference betweene degtM and ' - /-C Aracut, and z^lrachtu, .the one with k, the o- tlier w:th :, ( and faith that Aradm is a wild weede or plague income, and that they pickc it out of the come, and cad it away as they doe Securidka, the hatchet Fetch; and Thee'ph. is.Htft.c. 10. faith alfo that it is a hard and rough thing growing among Lentills ■ but of Aracut hee ipeaketh, Uh.de ahmentorum facilitate, in an other place) giveth meoccaiion to referre thefe Pulfes thereunto, el- pecially becauie judicious Authors have rendered it Ctcera in Latine; and Columella faith that Cicera differeth not from CicercuU in cade, but in colour, becaufe Cicera is darker or blacker than Cicerculd and Pattadrut alfo in Mart:o iaith the fame thing ; but Arachus which is ren- dred Cracca in Latine,is more like a Vetch,both in grow¬ ing and in bearing many flowers in a (pike atthetoppe, which this doth not: thus have I endeavoured rodilfin- guifli thefe plants, which 1 finde fo many learned Writers before me have confounded, but TWoimiu his Aracut or Ctc.ra, as I have (hewed you before, pertaineth to an other kinde r the firft of chefe tame to me from Tool, by the name is in the title, to whofe opinion 1 wholly en- cline, having often found him in our naturall fearch for fimples in fundry places to be one of Angular judgement ^ - j a “ ! ;r Ience . ■ the oc ' ,e r hce f “ c me Of Portugal!,white he had the knowledge of it by Nunner JOV e, of rare plants, and therefore according to his title of Legume* pallidum, b e added NordBrandoni, name it hath beene knowne to others, and I now thinke fit to referre it to the othew ^ ? The Virtues, Wee have yet learned nothing concerning their faculties, Brandon, 2 by which Chap. XI. uArachidnu Cretica. Vnder ground Candy Cicheling Peale. Ilflp Hls pul,e ( whlth fo! ‘ the wonderfull growing thereof hath amazed fome, and mad" them fear t, vvere hoc mentioned in any former author fas I fhallfhew von bv and hvViYpr-v. / -i , m iea ^ c ' 1 line in * b ”V '«* ***■• having on them both Ringed^ rniddlc nbbe.endir.g in a claipcr,very like unco Lencillsor Vetches vrrv ra ■ ‘ ccs > a another, for fome of them are final! and pointed, others a little round, and fome ltd lies will have bac'r 8 ° n f fr °‘ n either round or pointed, and others will have foure : the flowers are of ireddif, n'T it j ° ) ynts, which afterwad; yecld finall long cods bigger than thofeof Vetches ’where! an ‘ n § ^nglyatthe round and very Macke feede: the to ore is compoted oflnyfmaUpods’ ha ! d cods, hanging by finall firings, .wherein is contained in .fome one feede, in others two infon e m'°M en i“ 11 in others pa er, and in others of: differing colours, or partly coloured • each whereof hein 1 a , : 2c ^ c a fpnng and beate a plant like the mother. * coionrea , each whereof being planted anew will Vo u 2 l; Ar * ih "\M terraftliepmfera Lufttanica. Tortuga! underground Peafe or Cichelinns Somewhat like unto the former have we received from/’srtKpaJ'another fort hereof whofe liFi u , ding not much above a foote high, lying for the mofl part upon the ground, had many finall narrow lereon without order up ro the toppes, where and with che leaves alfo come forth (mail reddilh flow f ^ turn; mol,nail & long cods, containing fmal] roundfeed within themitherooelhooteth downr Lh., wh,ch hires thereat, and at the head of the roote, asalfoat the other parts fprin» thicke and (lioit whitifii S nnH Vlth r™ ny the fight and tafle of the thing ,Tfelfe fSWeeh™ onclp b ? but by the fight 'and taft'e oftfi th&g ,7f f" by ^ "T l..i., 0, r„ M , , „„ fc c,tfi,)i,r„«,„ s „, Y w 3 0 ac 1070 Chap.IX Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum, Tribs H. , , , ^racWrfMCrrtiraHmcryleft: Satle’ra fits- aw {lt a Luft anna ,& Am eric am mi’™- Vndcr ground Peufe or Cichelings of Candy, Putugau, and a great kinde of America. It both ends, or a little hooked at the lower end, of a lullen whitifh colour on theoutfidc.flriped, and as it were wrincklcd,bunching out inco two pares,where the two nuts (for they are bigger than any Filberd kernellj or Peafe doe '.lie joyning clofe one unto another, being fome what long, with the roundneflc firme and folide, and ot a darke reddiih colour on the out fide, and white within tailing fweec like a Nut,but more oily. 1 be T l ac e and Time. The firlt was lent out of Ccmdj by Honerm Tlellus, r who found it growing there amongcorne & Pulfe.unto JPannes Pona of Verona, who lec 1C forth in the defec¬ tion of CAiomt Baidas , and flowred in the end of Su m- ^ tner, as the fecond did that was fent us from Lubone by „ Bess'im, and the lafl groweth in moll places of America as well to the South, as Well puts thereof, both on tht* maine and Hands. The Names. The firlt is truely taken by Be Hun. aforefaid, to be the Araehidna (or ^Arachjdna as Colnmna hath it) or ™ demise i©-, Aracoides, or Araco fismdi, of Theophra- flas mentioned in his firlt Bookeand eleaventh Chap- ter, no other plant yet knowne, agreeing fo rightly. thereunto, and deferibethit, but the fruit groweth as much neeie under the ground joyning to the ftnall fibres thereof as above : and yet he there iaith alfo, that neither of thim bea-e any leafe, nor any thing like leaves: which how this can hand with fence andrea / fonlknownot. and therefore many doe fufpefttht' text to be fiultie, or elfe he is contrary tohimfelfe, for he faith they beare nolefTc fruit underground thana- have and then they muft beare fruit above ground, which how it can be without leaves I fee not, for I ne¬ ver read heard, or faw, that any plant bore fruit above ground without llalkes and leaves; the companfon uu- htw“ mh^S with the hint on them when the(hikes ar.d leaves were b- rather this Araehpdna, both from the (olid rootes under ground.and tlieUkeneffe of the Jt«» jn bearjn „ furely it may be that both thefe were meant by Tbeophrssflus, for he maketh two Ions, and S lively UU y Arachidaa and Araco Rmilu or Aracoides : and we have alio two plants, as 1 nereincw vrTrt" before th"ter it,un£ which they may be referred: the other two forts ~kd :£ei fi tell for them : the Candies, as Bellas faith, call the fitfl AgnofU,; the iecond was fent me bv the name of Lathynu fui seer a fihcjssifei a ; the lafl is generally called by our Enghfis Sea-men t a g thof/parts Earth-nuts, erronioufly enough, as they doe moll other things that they there meete wi . ‘ The Vertues. There is no propertie found out wherewith this is invefied that vve can underhand of as yet. Chat. XII. Amelias five Cracca. Wild Vetches 01 Tates. § F thefe wilde Vetche there is a greater and a leffer knowne differing from the manured kinde, otthofe 1 .iSERil referred thereunto, whereunto I adjoyne another (franger. w All ,. dachas five Craccami\ir. The greater wtlde Vetch or Tare. This greater kind of wilde Vetch hath _a few (lender eroded (hikes lying on the ground, 1 « t '™ e bo[ * thing whereon ro rampe, or take hold of ; at thejoynts come forth winged leaves, "n, flowers are fidcsof a middle ribbe ending in a clafpcr.but leffer than thoff of Lentills, or the mauured Vetch the 1 ^ purple like the Vetch, and grow ufually but one at a joynt, after which come (mail longblaeke cods, I H Vetches, and foisthefeede within them, burround, andnotflat as Vetches are : therootets fm - F s. Arnchus five Cracca minor. The leffer wilde VetchorTare. . , , This other wild Vetch differeth in no other thing from the former but in fmalneffc, except mat tms tilh flowers (landing in tufts at the toppes of the (hikes,and the cods that follow arc (hotter and the feeds within whitilh; the roote hereof hath fmall whitifh kernells hanging among ^ 3- AtUchfU lndicmfsve Africamu. Coral! beadcs of gurney. This brave plant too tender for cur climate growerh like the former but with more (lore of leaves and (lowers and fruit, ten or twelve growing together in thicke.fhort and rough brownifh red cods, the Pcafe within being roundilh and as red Aiming as if they were pohfhed Corail beads, but with a blackc (pot on the one fide as hard almoll as a (lone,and enduring being (Irong for braceletsa long time. £»*e/long before CUfiw fee out this plant whole pod with the feede being miffet is in the next Chapter. 1 3 The Phcecmi Time. \ Potli thefe forts are often found in the fields among Corne, where they will in a rainy time quickly over (pread and choke the Corne or any other herbe it groweth by.they flower in lull and gtveth feede prefemly after the other came out of Africa towards the Indies, ’ The Name?. This is tightly adjudged to bei'evjgc Arachm of Galen and the other old (ft cun writers, and hath his name ac cording to his nature,for as Label dehneth it a s«’{« atsaf pefies pcrniciefque legummofe fiuei, unde a, . j he two firft are generally called by all authors Aracm or Cracea except Tragus who calleth them Kcics major and miner or quart* and and Dodmaus that thinketh it may be that kind of Pulfe growing among Coroe which the Greches ralUf.«( Arachit, and contelhcth againfl Fuchfitts and others that called it Cracea the efpeciillnote faith he of difference from the other forts of Vicia is that this feede is exquifite round and all other (orts of Fetches fomewhnflat : the laft is mentioned byClufius in his fourth booke of Exoticks and 15 .Chapter bv the mine of Victa African^ and Lob el T'lfnm Coccincum Amtricum. r y * 1 The Vertuej. The properties of thefe are referred to the other forts of Fetches and therefore I (hall put you over to the end of the next Chapter robe informed thereof toavoyd a double recitall of one and the fame thing, onelv this is a ccrtame knowne: Pulfe to Doves wherewith they are much delighted, and although they be wild,yet where the Dove houfes are ferved herewith they alfo will refort and become tame with the reft,and therefore fomccoun- trey people knowing it fow fome fields therewith to ferve to that ufe. Chap. XIII. Vicia, Vetches or Tares. He Vetches are of divers forts.fotne manured or fowen,others wild growing in woods or hedges be- tides thofe before fpecified which fhall be declared in this Chapter. = I. Vicia vulgaris fat iva. The manured Vetch or Tare ^ The manured Vetch or Tare hath divers fquare flalkes riling fomerimes two footihigh, entang- lmg themfclves one with another that they Hand in the field without neede of any other proppe, the \pc 107 2 Chap. 13. Tbeatrum \Botanicum . RIBEIX. II f«w/ew/'»e /frcc/i fndicirubri. The pod and feede of ihe red Indian Vetch or Corail be.ide. leaves are winged thicker fee together then the tanner wild kind, or let on both fines of the middle ribbe, the end whereof runneth out into a divided clafper and are larger alfo then they : the flowers fiawd two together and are lopg'and r k narrow’of a darke purple colour, the cods that fucceede them are long and fomewhat broad, wherein lye five or fix flat blackifh feede and in fome grayiih: theroote is Itringy and perifheth every yeare. 7 . Vicia fativa alba. The white manured Vetch. This other diftereth not from the former in growing but is tende¬ rs r, the leav cs not fo thicke and the flowers and fruit more white, j 3. Vicia-maxima dumctorrtm. The great wilde Vetch of the hedges. This great Vetch groweth like the former but is larger both in number and fife of the leaves: the flowers likewife are fomewhat large but fhcrcerand more wan or pale, the cods fucceeding are fhor- ter alfo and blacke and fo arc the feedes within them. 4. Viciafylveftri-s alba. White wild Vetches. The white Vetch gro weth in forme like the other but the winged leaves have a hoary downe upon them, the flowers are white with darke purple veincs running through them, the feede is flat as the other but the rootc hereof liveth as many of- the wild kindes doe. v. Vicia mtsltiflora five fpicata, Tufted Vetches. , . The tufted Vetches hath (itch like crayling branches as the other have but weaker, the winged team arc: more in number I a. 10. or more on a ribbe, longer and narrower then the former, and (landing |" ot * “P atwat es Per oppofite one to another but unequally,the flowers like wife that Hand upon the long naked footlUlkcj are more n number (ometimes twentie together but fmaller, fomewhat like unto the owers o *o y « oc s head, a nd of a bright hlcwifh purple colour, and fometimes of a darke purple with tome-white m them, the cods fucceeding are long and the feede blacke within them: theroote crcepeth under ground farre about, (hooting new branches every yeare for ihe old ones peri/h- 6. Vicia fylvefirU vulgaris. Strangle Tare or Tyne. . .. . The Strangle Tare qroweth like the former Tares but is rougher both in leaves and llalkes, it is i mailer al o an n it fo high, the flowers are purple and the cods blacke, (mail and long with many, lmall leedes within tiezn- 1 L'ifcthevery yeare ofic owne fowing,andchoketh the Come or any other herbe iegrowethneare. i. Vida rJtilgariifativa. The manured Verch or Tare. 4, Vicia fylveftrit fiore albo 9 White wild Veichci. The Teub&ii. TbeTheater of c PLntt. Chap. 14. 1073 ' e Piece and Time. The fird two forts are fowen in fields as Beanes and Peafeto ftrvefor cattells foode, both in our owne Land and others,whereof in neceflitie the poore are forced to make their bread, and are fowen and reaped when the other Pnlfes are: Some of the other wilde kinds are alfo found in woods and moift ground with us, among hed¬ ges and buflies ; but the Indian kind as M r . Gerard tooke it to be in (jermany as it is likely. The Names. tjalen his BiW Bicium of the Bfians his countrey people is generally taken to be Vicia of the Latines,« vincknde as "Varro will have it : thofe of Athens called it m&utand viamr Sjracnm and fjamum-. the firfl is called rlpbdce by pMatthiolm and both it and the fecondfpecially wete formerly taken for Orobm by the Apothecaries, and the other learned and Doftors both in the upper and lower Cjermany as Brunfeifius and Tragus doe fhew, and crope over hither alfo.umill they being reformed beyond Sea by getting the true Orobus, or at lead that which is neared thereto.hath made both them & us to.forfake the old errour and joy in the ti ue; the wh i te one t eing mod likely that Pulfe which Gerard had by the name of Pi(um lndicum , & it fet forth by the name of Vtcia Indicafrntt* elboin the new Gerard-, the third is called by Bauhinw Vicia maximd dumetoru,veA I doe fotoo.btit others Craica major, and Osmandi, andbecaufe G/rf Jauvaor and Vefccron, the GVr- mar.es Wechen and the wild kind WaUt tVickyn, and the greateft S.Chriftoffc/z. kraas, thcDatch Witten, and wee in E noli fit Vc tches.Fctches,Tares and the wilde kind Tine. The Vertues. Ifrhefebeeatenbymcn (as Galen faith in time:of dearth as fomedid when they were greenej thevyeeld a tiiicke clammy nourifbment, are hard of difgellion, and bind the belly, and therefore fit to breede melancholy, the meale thereof is ufed with other things to day running Vlccrs and Cankers that are ready to Gangrene : and made into a Pultis and layd on the belly they binde a laske. Chap. XIIII. Lupinss. The flat Beane or Lupine. Aving finiflied the number of climing or ram¬ ping Pulfes, it remaineth to fhew you the reft which have no clafpersand firftto begin with the Lupine or flat Beane, for the great Garden Beane which fhould (land in the fore front I have (hewed you in my former Wotke with the greater and (mailer blew and yellow Lupine, yet I thinke it not amide to give you fomeof their Figures here. r. Lipinas fativus albus. The great white Lupine. 1 he great white Lupine rifeth up with a ftrong upright round hollow foft or woolly ftalke fet confufedly with di¬ vers foft woolly leaves upon long footftalkes, each being divided into five,feaven or nine feverall parts, narrow long and foft, greenifli on the upper fide and woolly under- irteathithc maine ftalke divideth it fclfe into two parts,after the flowers are growen from the uppermoft joynt, and arc like unto the great Garden Beane but wholly white with- outany fpot, the branches flowring after the firft flowers have given (lender long foft or woolly cods, lefier then of the Garden Bcane,conteining within them foure or five flat vvhite Beanes fomewhat yellowifh within and very bitter in tafte: the roote is fomewhat long and hard with divers fibresannexed thereto perifhing yearely. a. Lapinas alter albus . The fpotted white Lupine. This other Lupine differeth from the former in the great- nefleandin the flower which is fpotted with blew, on the head of the innermoft leaves, and the hollow of the uppermoft. 3 . Lupinm minimus carulem. The fmalleft blew Lupine. This fmall Lupine is very like unto the former blew Lu¬ pine fet forth in my former Booke, in the manner of grow¬ ing being little or nothing woolly alfo but fmallet both ftalkes and leaves, the flowers likewife are wholly blew, as they, or very feldome with a white fpot in it: the feeds is frnallcr likewife and a little fpotted. Lupitm Faba majerbottenfu. OurordinaryGardenBcanc. T R tB ft II. The Theater of ‘ Plants . Chap. 15 1075 4. Lupintu Gadenfis marinusflore csruleo. The blew Sea Lupine. This Sea I upine is fomewhat like unto the (trailer blew Lupine defcnbed in my former Booke, but leffer, or betwccne it and the fmalleft blew laft of all defcnbed ; the flower is ol a moft excellent blew colour, with lome white loots in them, the feede is final! and round. 5 LupinM Arabicus. The Arabian Lupine: Havino well confldered this Lupine, I finde that 1 have defcribed it among the Cinque toiles, becaule the leaves did fo neere refcmble a Cinquefoile, and comming tome by that name, but fince that having tei&ePcn* his de- (rriDtion of Mm, Baulchu in the Italian tongue, 1 finde it there detcribed by the name of Lupmo Arabic, or it you will PentafUloviretsrino ; unto either of which it may be referred, but feeing it doth more referable a Lupine than’a Cinquefoile" 1 have fo entituled it here, yet referte you to the defcription thereof in that place, becaule T would not repea tc that there let downe, being, as 1 tooke it growingm my owne Carden, but yet becaule m W rhinos it is defcflive, as in the cods &c. and might be bettered, I will from Pona fupply it: the leafe doth better rcfemble a Lupine leafe, the flowers are more purple than they (hewed with me jand the middle pomtell in thcmalfo is purple,: the pods are long and pointed at the ends, full ol (mall blacke feede and little ; this l thought good 10 advtrtife you, th.t they arc but one plant, although it hath two titles. s 6. lupinui Indian mediw aruleus. A middle fort of the great blew Lupine. This for* of I noine is very like the greitefl blew Lupmc defcribed in my former Booke, both for the tallneffc, ‘lint,!, and larcenefi'e of the leaves, or a little leffer in all as the flower n alfo, and of as orient a Ifew co¬ lour with a’ whitiflt fpot in the middle, which changethto be reddilb before the flower decaieth: thep. ds like wife arc woolly, and almofl as large, and fo is the feede alfo, but flill fmaller, and a little dife Toured, with a dent or hollownertc in the middle. ^ Blulhflowred Lupines. Somewat like unto the lall is this Lupine alfo, but leffer and teffe woolly: the flowers which make the chicfert difference, are of a kindeof delaicd reddifh colour, which we ufually call a blufh : the pods alfo are lefle woolly andVmaller, and the feede likewile. 8 . Lttpinm jlore objoleto. Wee havehad another fort of Lupine fent us from Bad by this name, but perifhing in an intemperate yeare, we can deferibe it no further. The Place and Time. Thefc Lupines grow naturally wilde, but wee doc nourilb them all in Gardens; and doe flower in the end of Inly nr in Awm/l, in which time, or quickly after the feede will bejripe. J The Names. It is called in Grecke s‘-py-©- Thermos , in Latine LHfintu \Tliny thinking it tooke the name and qaalitie from L«P»1 but 1 finde no likelihood in that fuppofltion, and thetefotc torbeare to exprefle it any furthc: ; thetwo firfl ate fo called by the Authors that have written of them 1 the third was brought me by Bod out of Africa, and the fourth out f Spaint, but were both fo tender, that I onely faved a little feede the firfl yeare I had them, and have loft them fince 1 the fife is declared in the defcription : the three laft have not beene remembrep by any before : the Arabians call it Tor nuts or Formas jthe Italians Lapina, the Spaniards Sntramofos , the French Lupin , the Germane! Figboneu, the Dutch Vijchboenen and Lupine's , from whence came the Fabaficttlnea Germanii by Label : and we in Englijh Lupine or flic Beene. The Vertues. I opines by reafon of their bitterneffe.do open,digeft,diffolve,& denfe.being fteeped fome daies in water, untill they have loft their bitternefle.tbey may be eaten, & fo are,as Galen iairh.tor neceflme.but they bretde groffc and crude humours, are very hard to digeft, and flow ly pafle through the body, i et doe they not bindc any fluxe ; the lame being 10 fteeped, and afterwards dried, beaten, and taken with iome vinegar, taketh away the loathing o£ theftomacketomeate’andprovokethf-eappetite.- thedecoftion orinfufionof Imnines taken withhony and vinegar killeth the woi mes in the belly,but i( you mixe Rue and Pepper thereto,yoWhall make it the more effe- fluall • the meale or pouder taken withhony and vinegar or in drinkedoth the lame: the laid 'decoftion taken openeth the obftruffions of the liver and (pleene, provoketh urine and womens courfes, if it betaken with mitre and txpelleth the deadchildc : the decoftion of them cleanleth all fcabbes, morphew, cankers, tetters, and creeping or running ulcers and fores, and boyled in lye icclenferh the headfrom ulcers, feurfe, Sc. breeding therein it alfo clenleth the face, and taketh away the mark.es thac the Poxe doe leave after their healing, and all other rnarkes, and blacke and blew fpots in the skinne : and to cleare the face, and make it more amia Tc, many women doe ufe the meale of Lupines mingled with the gall of a Goate, lome juyee of Lemonds, and a little Alumcr. faccharinum.aaie into a forme ofa foft ointment! the meale thereof being boiled in vinegarand applied, taketh away pimples, and fcattereth the nods or kernells that rife in the body, and breaketh carbuncles and 1111- poltumes: the burning of the huskes driveth away Gnats,Plies, &c. whatfoever. The wilde Lupines arc itrongef and more cffedtuall to allpurpofcs- Chap. X V. Ciccr[xtivum. Garden Cich Pcafe, or Rammes Ciches. IF the Pulfe called Cicer, there are two forts, the Garden and the wilde, but although I gave you the ! defcription oftwoor three forts of the garden kind, in my former Booke: yet I thinke it noc arniffe I -chc r. ccftltpm Virrp »«oainp. ixrifh rhpir nrnnerties mnre amolv. aeicripcion on wool cnrcc lulls ui uu. ^aiuwu muuj ,— * — ■. to give you the delcriptions of them here againe, with their properties more amply. Cicer fattvum five arietinum rubrum nigrum velalbum. ■- Garden red, blacke or white, Cich Peafe, Rammes Ciches, or Cicers. All the forts ofRammcs Ciches, bring forth ftalkes a yard long, whereon doe grow winged leaves that is many Theatrum Botanicum Tr IB E II, 1076 Chap.16. many fmall and al mod round leaves dented about the edges, fee on both fides of a middle ribbs: at the joyncs come forth one or two flowers upon fhort lootcllalkes, Peafe faftaionj cither white, orwhitifh, orelfe purplifh red, lighter,or deeper, according as the Peafe that follow will be, that are contained in fmall thicke and fhort pods, wherein lie one or two Peafe more ufuajly, a little pointed at the lower end, and almoft round at the head,yet a little cornered or fharpe: the roote is fmall, and perifhcch yearely. 1 he T 2 lace and Time. They are fowne in Gardens, or the Fields, as Peafe, both in our owne and other countries, being fowne later than Peafe, and are gathered at the lame time with them, or fome what after. The Names. It is called inGreeke 4 ? i.3hdo< Frebinthus and is ad¬ ded ofTomCjbecaufe^iWs areis^ in LatineOViofcmdei faith that Cicers are hurtful! to thofe that have ulcers in their reines of kidnies, or in the bladder. ‘/-lutarchoneth this note, that no wormes breede inthefe Cicers, when as all other pulfesarc fub/efttothcm,and therefore in theirnuptiall ceremonies, thole were given in an allegoricall lenfc, of their mutual! incorruptible affeftions. Chap. XVI. Cicer JjlveJlre. Wilde Cicers. ; He wilde Cicers ate of three or foure lundry forts, as (hall be (hewed in this Chapter, r- —• ]—r. Cicerfjheftrc mnjm. The greater wilde Cicer. Wj'il*' The greater fort hath very long winged leaves fet on the flalkes, compofed of many, everyone of them being fmall, and Longer than of the former garden kinde, not dented at all about the edges, and of a fad greene colour: at the toppes of theffalkes come forth many tufts of flowers, thicke fet together, of a pale ycllowifh colour, almoft white, after which follow rough skinnie cods, in tufts alio, each of them fmall pointed at the end, with in which are contained other (mail lirooth huskes, which have many Cm all flat yellow round feede,fo faith Thnlius, but Lugdunenfs maketh the firft of Da/ecbampiw to have blackifir fiat feede, and not like unto the manured Cicers, and yet 1 take them to be both one,and that of Muthiolw alio : the 1r i b e ii. The TheaterofTLnts. Cm a p,i6 Cicer fylve/lre majus: The greater wilde C ictr* C tierfylvefire rriphjUum. Three leafed wilde C iters., 1@ 77 There is another fort in ail things the roote is hard and wooddy, yet fpreadeth farre about and living long.' like theformer, but much lefier in every part. 2 . Cicer montamm Lanuginofum, The woolly mountiine Cicer. T his mountaine Cicer hath upright round (hikes a foote high, and fofc or woolly, branching forth into fmall branches, whereon ftand winged leaves, tenne or twelve on a fide of the middle nbbe, with an oddeone at the end, each whereof is foft or woolly and long like unto the Vetches, fome broader and narrower then others - on the toppes of the btanches hand a fpike of rough pale coloured flowers, and the cods that follow are {owe* what long and woolly, with acrooked thread at the end of them,and have fmall blacke feede in them 3, Cicer montammii&vtor. Another mountaine Cicer without (hike. This other mountaine Cicer h?th a root growing deepe if the rocky ground where it groweeh hinder it nor from whence fundry hairy footflalks of leavts which are i a. or fomewhar more on a fide.fomewhat round vet loiwer then thole ofthe Garden Cicer, the edge? of them being hairy, fome of them being equally, others unt cuiallv 1 fer one againft another,and an odde one at the end : the flowersgrow hard above the roote,being fomewhat'on/and come fwoIltn cods > havln § two partitions, full of (mall yellow feede like unto thofe of the /ncaicos tnat is Kidney falhion. 4 . Cicer lAlpinun*. Mountaine Ciche.Peafc. This from a long roote parted below hath the Leaves on the ftalkes- like the true Cicers. but rounder and denrrrT the flowes are blewtlh and the cods fmaller them of theformer, being fome what hairy and groweth on mount 3 . Cicer fylveftretrifhyUum. Three leafed wild Cicers. 1 he three leaved wilde Cicer hath ftalkes about two foote high divided into fome branches fpreading ahmrf Whereon are fet upon long footftaikes one above another,leaves divided into three parts like the wikflrefoile and each of them bigger.thicker and rounder then thofe of the Garden Cicer, a little dented alfo about the edges- the flowers grow two or three together from a long footftalke at the joynts with the leaves, which a, e likelhe Garden Cicer flowers but larger: the cods that follow are fmall like unto the Garden kinde, but fbmewhac flat nlhctlke" wW,i " wWch ly£ much f ™ ller ^ a "d more flat, and , ?• 9 ZC ^ ffiveftre alteram triphyUum, Another three leafed wilde Cicer. This other wfld Cicer hath a thicke long branched roote, blackifh without and white within : the ftalkes are !°/ br "i chcs ^ th Ieav “ 1‘ke unto Ctcerr, but three alwayes fet together and no more : the flowers are red and the cods are like unto the other wilde Cicers but hairy and fpotted with red fpots 0 Zzzz ’ The 0 F ~~ y/'fft I' I' 107S Ch ap.17 Tbeatrum Hota nicam , Tri b a li the hedges in fields, and flower and give All thefe forts grow upon hills and in the wolds, and fotr,entries by fruit in Inly ,Angnjl and September. The? J ame ,. j ,. , j7 V , hv ncJovtiu.LKgdMmvfis and others, being theC.«r The firftisthe Cicer fyheflre °rMveftlof D •I'chemp*, and the Cicerfjh'ftrc m*jw of r,frv/freb«i. The bitter Vetch. iudgement but three forts which fball be declared in this Chap- ' * - b •• J — ,r - for the names fake that is called Ervumfjl- This ftnall pulle fhooteth Ilot• w i nc cd leaves, each whereof is very little, and a little fing upabout a foote high, belet on allude: Cicers Vetches and divers other Pulfcsarc.the flowers arefmall longer then round lee one againtt another as t > ^ onc b it f c if e at the j'oynts with the leaves, after and whitifh Cfor I never faW any purple) Itana f, s j j „ pointi bunched out in three or foure parts which come ftnall round long pods no bigger t d 5 of a pale co i our ; t he roote is {mail and periflicth where the feede lyeth,which is almolt tullrouna »m every yeire. , The better Vetch of Ctndy, % OrobH, CT'txm ' in the formerj but whereas AUtthiolns and othersfol- This Ortbns in the manner of growing is altogetne 3. CUer Oroteum* Cornered O^bus, Crobuivulgariiberbariorum. T R IB E II. The Theater of Tlants. Cha rv.17. 1070 Ervura/ylveitrefive Cuianan6e a Wild glaffe leafed Orehus. lowing him fay it is kfler, I have alwayes found it to bee rather larger then Iefler.yet there is fo little dif¬ ference betweene them,that but for the names fake of Candy,l would make them both but one kind without divcrtitic o!'pecirs, . 3. Cicer Orobseum. Cornered Orobus. Divers would rather make this a Cicer than an Orobus, and indeed t Label and Tcna much doubted, whether they fhould call it the firft of 'Dtofcerides his Cicers, al¬ though they were confident that it was Pliny his Cicer, that was the fweeteft and likeft to Orobus: but I rather referreittothekinds of Orobus from the forme of the cods more like to Orobus whofe defeription is thus. It nferli up with a crooked or leaning hollow ftalkc halfe a yard high and full of (oynts fee with many leaves on each fide of a middle ribbe,which arefomewhat long like to thofc of the Lentill ; at the j'oynrs, towards the top come forth long footftalkes.with many flowers fet on them clofe together, which after give long and round cods,bunched out and dented in betweene where thefeedes lyetwifeas bigge as thole o(Orobus a little cornered and not fo round, of a pale or yellowifh colour and differing little from them but in the darke colour. 4. £rvum fylveftre five Catanance. Wilde grafie leafed Orobus. This wilde Pnlle hath furidry branches riling from the roore neare two foote high efpccially if i c g row in any fertile foilc, befet unorderly with many long and narrow darke greene leaves.- mallcr then divers graffes, at the toppes of the fialkes and branches grow pretty large Peafe Blofibm’d flowers of an orient fhinin» Crimfon colour, after which come (mail (lender long and almoft round cods, conteining within them divers hard blackiftt-feede : rheroote is long andfiender, with fome fibres thereat,and perifliethevery yeare as I gheffe by thofe that grew in my Garden from the (cede fow- en, whereof (ome bore white flowers and then pe- riflied cowards Winter. 7 he Place and Time . The two firfl are onely nourfed up in Gardens with us, the fecond being naturall of Candr : the third as Label a I S r . oweth WI J d "fNarbone and Province in Frauce ; the laft is ufually growing in the fields about the hedtr-s and bulhes towards High, gate,P anertu Church, Sec. and ate all flowting and feeding in the end of Summer. The Names, * T his is called in Greeke -e? -G probus irsej. li 6cc7rTcfb5 wto tfi' PoZ\,quoi boves eo fstgmentur as Galen faith in T a- title Ervtem and Orobus alio : the firft is called Orobus five £rvum by CMatthiohu *("who faith it was but latelu m his time made knowne in Italy) and by moft other writers, onely Dodoneus calleth it Cicer fativum and AdZ thru when as Mochm jndeede is this Orobus but not Cicer, calleth it Orobus nentm herbm-uram bcr-iiff-' the generall vote of thefe later, times doth fo call ic not having found or knowne any tiuer: the ferond’is nlkrJ Orobus Crcncus by Matthiolus, as if it differed from the former,but isnotfo as I have flrevved in the difrrinrirm beforerthe til ird is called by Label Cicer Orobxnm TheophraJli.Sc by B.ittkinus Orobus femme obtufo trianoub The laft is called Cat,trance by Gefner inhortis.by Bodonseus in his French Herball and LucdmcrSis : but Srvum ?rlve- Jtre by Bodonseus in his Lacine Femptacies and Crvum fylveflre herbariorum by Lobeh, but why Bauhirms (hould call it Lathyrus fylvcjbis minor I fee no caule feeing it is not like any of the other nor hath no clafpers as all the other Lathjri he there expreffeth have, and befides breaketh that order hehad propofed to foilow'namelv m let downe all fitch Pulfes as had clafpers in the firft place,and then thofe thac had none, a id yct.tbis haviW none is put above among thofe that have.bccaufc he would vary the title if he could by any mcanes: It is called by the Arabians Srbum Keifene or Kerfer.e , by the Italians Ervo , by the Spaniards Iervos, by the Fiencb £rs, and wee i F.xgUJh may call it the bitter V etch, for P liny confounds this with Vicia theVecch, and from the quality of bk rernefie which the ancients fay is in it, although ours have little that can be perceived; or Orobuf alter the r, tmeifyou will. ^ ■ The Verities, Orobus is dry in the fecond degree and hot in the firft,. and by the bitterneffe cutteth clenfeth and openeth oh- ■ ftruftions, and was ufed in Galens time as hee faith to be fteeped like Lupines (and that was to take out the bir- ternefle) before they were eaten by men or given to their beafts, and that but in a dearth and great neceflrie becaufe they are not onely very unplcafant to the tafte but be of bad nouriftrment. Wee ufe Sikh Galen the Ore' us with Hony as a medicine Co clenfe the breaft and Lungs of thicke humors that offend them, the manner of f a l ,cient4 ' preparation of the meale thereof was in this manner : being fteeped in water a good while they after ryed or parched them unti l the nudes broke, which then being ground and paffed through a boulter they keepe • ^sme^asofgreatufe, both to move the belly downe wards and to provoke urine, and to cat, fe them that. 1 1C10be 013 good colour, yet if it be two largely taken it caufeth headach and paines in the belly, and caufeth Zzzz 2 hlooddy Theatruni 'Botanicum . Tribe II 1080 Chap. i8» _ _ griefe it is probable was tough flcgme.condenfate in the Li S^ b }a every morn i n g it will confume the Pliny faith that good authors doe affirme t a 1 y foule Vlcers,and taketh away the fpots frecklesand Spleene : the meale hereof mingled with ony c fafifereth no Cankers, Gangrenes or fprcading, ea- other dilcolourings of the face or other parts of the b<^y - « and taken in wine or Vinegar as Pliny ting fores to breede in the body; it „ "d taken with Vinegar it helpeth the (Iran- iaith it helpeth the bttings of Serpents and m eg ftoole but can doe nothing, the laid parched meale gury, and that dileafe where one dotho c , 1 nott h c j r mea t e,and arehickockly difpoled that isreadyto mixed with hony and taken helpeth then madc of the mealeolthcm & the placesbathed therewith tall into t e heftickc Feavcr or Vonlumption: c , ^ j. an dmade into a platter with wine will breake Carbuncles if k^beelaidthcrecnit^hegreene cods bike. and all before they grow hard, being b.uiled together juiced and applied to thehaire doth colour itblacke. CHAf. XV III. Orobus fjh/Aticiu. Wood er wild Orobus. ,. Orobus fylvaticus purpur'us major. The greater purple Wood O/obus. , Ext to the true Orobus 1 thinke good to joyne the wild or wood kir.de for the names fake, and be- 4 ^ rpurplewot^.^, _ ftalkcs and ftriped all at g • largC rtlien any Orobus namely two or three inches long,and an being (lx,eight or ten m numbcr, 4 re S running through them ; the flowers grow at the toppesmany inch or two broad, with three nfrves ong and (mail with round whitifh feede in them ? the roote is liai d and wooddy with many fibres thereat and enduret . There is another of this whofe flalkcs \and leaves are paler and the flower wholly white not differing elfe. j. Orobus Alpinuj latifolius . Mdlintaine Wood Orobus. This alfo is very like unto the flrft fort, but the leaves are broader and have their end not fo fharpe, the flowers hang downe and are an inch long, of a pale yelloWuh co¬ lour, the uppermoft being fomewhat reddifh. The Tk. i b s ii. The Theater of Tlantsa C h a p* i 9 1 ©81 , The Place ini Time. TI;c three firft forts grow as Clufius faith in Hungary, Auflrm and the parts neare thereunto : onely the fourth was lent unto Clufius as he faith from Venice, the fitt Bauhinus faith hee had from the Tyrenaan and Helvetian hillsj they all flower in ApriU or May and their feede is ripe in lane. The Names. ™ rhde fo fts are referred to the Orohus, both from their manner of growing and forme of the feed being found f™ therefore Clufius called them Orohns Pannonicus, and Bauhinus Groins fylvatlcus whom 1 have followed! The firft is the firft Orohns Pannonicus of Clufius, which Thalius calleth Orohns fylveftris vermes, Lohel a s I take * c ro !: anct h tflis by his Vhafelus, tugdunenfis calleth it Phafeolusfylvarum.as isbefore (iyi,t>«dtm* H A P * X * T beat rum c Botanicunu 1BE II. fcttcth fcrth a leffer differing not from the MW,. yethvethand fhootcth a new every yeare. former, but in the fmallneffe thereof. , rnc i ;£s .hcad with purple flowers. a, Onobrjcbufficataflorepurpurea. S P ltt ' . ^e ground, whereon crow winged leaves This Cockes-head hath turn like weake flalkes lying or e ®b ranC hes with the like leaves on them, and - a very likethe former, but hairy or hoary : from the joynt o{ a nakcd ft a i ke , like in forme unto the other, hove them rife up the flowers in a longer fpike or tuft a PP- am t hem, w hich turne into ihort, blacke, but of an excellent Opining purple colour, with many , and hard heads parted in the middle:‘theroote livet as 11 ^ Gockes _bead. 3 . Onobryebu fimbm certtl u. former tlie i eav es are fmaller and fhorter poin- This third Cockes-head rife* lomewhat higher * blewifH purple colour, and beareaftei wards ted : the flowers are fewer, and of a pale btew , eke Ed? like! into thofeof^r^. (lender long cods foti'ded double, wherein lie fma . bead Wlt h long Fetch leaves. 4 Onobrychiifohj r Vta# w u or hoary, and more flore fet on each fide of This Fitchling hath longer and narrower ftav es longthan others, and fomewhat refem- the middle ribbe; the flowers (land in a Urge fpikedh , with darke veincainthem : thccodsthat follow arc blingthe flowers of three leaved grafle, of a pale c0 '° > , like p eneg reeke: the toote is Wooddy and folded like the laft, but the lcede which isblacke is cornered or lquare b 5 - OmbryckisqMitaClufij. ^“^“ftalkes, but fmal’er than the reft, and both This fife fort hath likewise many winged leavesigrow S *c flowers grow at the tops of bait fialkes, as flalkes and leaves though grecne,yet covered with an l o r ■ h c ods are long and foulded like the two the others doe, but fewer in number, and ofa purplifh blew colour laft: theroote is great, thicke and long. .i Cnfks-head. 6 . Oiubrycbisglobofo capte. Roundhead ^ Gjr(J - enj Queene Elizabeth A- This ftrange Cockes-head which C/*to faith, heehtft . an d hoarinefle of flalkes and leaves, pothecaric in his time, was very like the laft, *r the Imalir. i^ ^ d before had , eaves> ard yet the flalkes were longer, tough andblackifli, which V ^ j nc hlong, beating at the toppes a round then branched it fclfe, (hooting forth a '. c ^ to PP cs ^ hatlikc unt o thofe of rro^r M Afiragalta Bsticiu, and by Zofc/and others Afiragalas Ltljitanicm Clufij ,by Hellas that fencic out c>f ^andy to £V»Ji»r,as it is fit downe in his fife EpidlePhafeoli novttmgenus,is Clufius in his Seek* under it thinketh,which I can not fully cvince.noc ha¬ ving feene either of them (if they be divers as I thinke they be)growing: but Bellas there relateth thac the feede was flat like unto a Kidney Beane,and that the Martinets did eate them white they were greene ; andC 7 «/?«r faith of hi* that the cods arc long,and the feede round within them, burning and enflamir.g the mouth, for which cattle it is probable that Amatus Lufitanns called it Apocynum’tc the Spaniards Atramofosdecants being fit to^kill dogs^ fothat thefe contrarieties doe rather argue them to be divers plants: the fecond was brought me out of Spain* by Boel y by the name expreffed in the title, but came to us alfo from Leyden |by the name cf Ajlragalus marinas *P«Hrpnj .either becaufcP*#*?;#/ the Prcfident of the Garden there had it from Botl } or from Spuine^ wher z Beel gathered TrI b * II- The Theater of Tlants. -HAF. 21 . 1087 gathered it :& is alfo very likely to be the plant, that 'Bauhinus in his SProdromus calleth Cjlauci Lcgnminofc aftrnts^ being fent him From Verona by Pm* who called it eAracm Battens, as by comparing may be i'eene. Andhke- wifeaslthinkcisthe ViciaSefamaccaApula of Columnar the third is called by Lobel Aftragalrts Syriacus, and maybethatof.d»ipwto',r and Cafalpinus, and very probable alfo to be that Afiragalus Diofcoridis that Ramrolfius found in Syria, as it is fet forth by Lugdunenfts,md is as he faith called Chrifii ana radix by the Germanes : the fourth is the fecond Aftragalns of C lupus and called alfo Alpinus, which Pona calleth Cicer Aftragaloides : Bauhinus alio faith it is the Poly gala of Camerarius in his Epitome, but furely his figure doth truly expreife the Glaux vstlgdris the fift is taken by Bauhinus to be the AnthjUis clamiculata of Lugdunenfcs, and calleth it Afiragalus Alpinus magno florc I adde clavicnlata thereto: the fixt is the third Aftragalns of C/«/T«r,which lome as he faith called Onobrychu, but untruly,and grew for fome time with him in the Low countries or JSr/gkvwith the Aftragalns rjAionfpelten- fium (which wc^ufuall^ call Hedyfarum minus) but perifhed before his going out of the country, and therefore (I beleeve ( 7 «y?ar his judgement herein) could not be the fame, although fomewhat like as Bauhinus thinketh, nor is it the Aftraealus purpureas of Lugdunenfis as Bauhinus alfo thought, for that is my feventh here fet downe, (flnfius faith the ‘Spaniards called it Terva di Santo Lorenzo : the eight is the fecond Orobus Pamonteus of Clupus, called by Dodoneus Aftragaloides, and by Lobel Aftragaloides altera herbaricrum, but Bauhinus not onely maketh it his fixt Orobus, but calleth it alfo Poly gala mayor CMafliliotica , and befides referreth it to the Pelygala of Mat- thiolus, which formerly he had called Aftragalas,is alfo to the Polygala Valentina Clnfii,but furely Clufias would not be fa variable(as Bauhinus fheweth himfelfe in many places) to call one herbeboth Polygala and Orobus : the ninth is not mentioned by any before: the lad Lobelia called as is in the title .-but Bauhinus maketh it to bee like a kind of Ferrum aqutnum and calleth it Ferro equina qaUico affinu. The Venues. The true Aftragalns is as Diofcorides and Galen fay allringent, and that the roote taken in wine (layeth the laske and doth alfo provoke urine, itdrveth andclofethup old Vlcers if the powder bee ftrewed or cad into them, it doth alfo day bleeding, P/i»raddeththatit is very profitably ufed againfl the foulenefle of the gutr.mes. But C in fins faith that the Portugalls doe familiarly ufe the fixt fort here <« forth,being ftrfl: dryed in an Oven and powdered,to call it into wounds and Vlcers. Chap. XXI. Hedyfarumfive Securidaca. Hatchet Vetch. i He ancient writers exhibited but one fort hereof which is the greater, our later have added divefs more Yoa as fbe declared : that which is ufualiy called Hedyfarum clypeatum I have deferibed in my formec \f'$) (if Booke, yet I thought good to give you the figure of it here. I. Hedyfarum majus Jive Securidaca vera mayor. The greater Hatchet Vetch, The greater Hatchet Vetch (which is the trueif the reft being but fuppofed from the likenelle) growethnot d- Heiyfrrumclypeatum vulgar u, French Honyfacklc. Hedyfarum major jive Securidaca rnajcr vert. Tlic greater Hatcher Vuchor Sicklewcr:. isj 1 A I :i ; ' S ' 1 mm H; bi'/:Sr 'StiM' hmm- « io88 Chap.21 . Ebeatrum Botanieum. RIB I II. i. Hedyfarua minus. The Idler Hatchet Vetch or Sicklcvyotr. bove a foote high, with divers winged leaves grow¬ ing on the flalkes, which are weake and not (lan¬ ding upright, each of the leaves is fmall not very long and round at the end, at the coppe ftand many fmall yellow flowers (Matthiolus faith reddifh but I thinke he was therein miftaken as he was alfo in the pods to lay the ends were blunt) which turnc into (o many long flat thin cods and reddifh,with a fmall crooked point: the feede is flat and reddifh within them, io lying in them that they may be difeerned in the cod where they lye, but not like an Hatchet as many have fet itdownc, thinking it therein to agree with Dio- J~corid.es his dilcription,for he doth compare the whole cod and not the leetle thereunto: the root is fmall and perilheth yea rely. z, Hedy far am minus jive Securidaca minor . The Idler Hatchet Vetch or Sikcle-wort. The Idler Hatchet Vetch is like unto the former butfomewhat le(Ter,yet not much lower if it grow in any good ground,the flowers grow many together of a pale yellow colour, and after them come fmall crooked cods bowed as it were almoft together, wherein lie pale browne feedes not fully round buc lquareand lefler, the rootc hereof likewile perifheth yearely with us. 3. Securidaca major articulata. The greater joynted Hatchet Vetch. This Plant groweth greater and higher then the two former, and fo are the winged leaves more in number and lomewhat larger: from the joynts rile long flalkes with a great many flowers at the toppes of them, fmelling fome\vh 3 t ftrongj ofblufh and white mixed together, after which follow long round and not flat cods, a little hooked with divers joynts as it were, or bunched places like the true Orobtu, wherein lye red feede lomewhat long: the roote creepeth farre abroad and perillieth not. 4.. Securidaca articulata minor. The lefler joynted Hatchet Vetch. This Icffcr is like the former, buc lower and lefler in flalkes, and fewer alfo in leaves upon the middle rib; the flowers alfo are fmaller,but as many or more growing together at the toppes of the flalkes that rife from the joynts of the lcaves,and are of a pale red or blufli colour, in their places grow fmall round heads with crooked rappes much refembling a Billhooke, fuch as labouring countrey men doe ufe to cut their hedges withall; wherein lyeth but one feede as having but one bunch : the roote is hard and woody Iprcading under ground and endurcth long. * ' 5. Securidacaperegrina Clujii. Strange Hetchet Vetch. This flranger groweth lower then any of the former being not a foote high with divers winged fmall branches, bearing fomeluch like leaves on them but fmaller,and at the toppe fundry fmall whitifh flowers, and after them long broad thin and flat cods waved in on both edges,wherein lye divers flat btowne feedes: the roote is (mall and flringy perifliing yearely. 6 . Securidaca minima. The leaft Hatchet Vetch. This lead fort hath flalkes a foote longfpreadon theground, having divers leaves fet on a ftalke,buttheend li 3 th ahvayes three (landing together, it hath many flowers on a ftalke : the feede is reddifh and biforked, lying in very fmall hooked fliort codsflriped overthwart,this groweth by Mompeher. 7. Hcdyfarum argenteum Creticum. White Hatchet Vetch of Candy. This (Jandiot rifeth up with a (lender ftalke, branching forth on all (idles and winged flalkes of leaves thereon, fomewhat like to thofe of the Ciche Peafe : the flowers grow at the toppes many on a bufh or round tuft toge¬ ther, nearc refembling thole of the medow Trefoile, of a white (ilver like colour of a reasonable good lent,after the flowers are pad there (ucceede in their places fmall (lender cods, wherein are conteinedthe (eede which is ftnall and round : the roote confifteth of many firings and fibres which abideth many yeares: and holding greenc leaves al! the Winter. 8. SopheraJive Egjptiaca vitiofa. The dangerous Hatchet Vetch of Egypt. Honorius BcUm in his fourth Epiftle to Clujius which is fet at the end of his rariorum plantar# bijloria, faith that Alpime* hath erred in fecting forth the Figure of this plantf which yet in want of a better I am faine to ufe)in that the leaves on every ftalke are even wirhout any odde one at the end,and that the pods do grow upright and do not hang downe: It is,faith he,a goodly fhrubby plant, rifingt\vo 01 three cubits high, fpreading fundry branches of winged leaves (tt one againft another, and doling themfelves every night, opening with every mornings Sunne: the flowers are yellow and the pods long and (lender (landing upright and of a fingers length : the rootc is wooddy, divers wayes difperfed under ground but abideth with greene leaves all the Winter,and abideth long with the flowers thereon. One very like hereunto we have received from Virginia^ by the name of Lenti/ls of Virginia , but that this hath every joynt with the leaves a fmall harmelefle pricke,which quickly falleth away from the lower and elder parcs,abiding oncly a while on the upper and more tender flalkes. 9 * Sejban (ive Securidaca Egyptian articulata. Hatchet Vetch of Egypt with long joynted cods. this kindc of Pulfe groweth fomewhat like a fhrubbeui the hotter countries, with fundry hard and wooddy (lender 10^0 Chaf.^i. Hatcit V«tch of Ejjpi w«h 1™51°y nttli cois - Tkeatrum c Botanicum. T R IB B II. Hedy farm tripuymm Americaam. jtmaMS Ttefoile Hatchet V etch. ,, , ■ .j|„„„ c i;i/p,,ntna SecurMaea, yet each of them fomewhat lon- flender (Hikes, and many long ftalkp of wing h bo f D , nc 0 f the (Hikes and leaves ir.any cluttering together gcr and narrower: the flowers come for,th fromcods.comeining many Fenmigrieke-Hke in a long fpike oi a deepc yellow co ' our - ar ‘ d .‘ u r c “ e ^2 Id abides many yearcs. This is that Plant which CI«- feedes therein : the roote fpreadeth well un g t h’ e titlebeing impofed for */i«»;bnt afluredly by the fi:,s CO .pared hit Ami unto or rather fol^e unwFennugrick fcede,and thegrowing there- light of the true leede of/!»>„ it is in the dry, having a little purging qual.tie n ,r (o eafi ly perceived to bee hot and dry r, tn g decoftion it furthereth the purging property s™ *- - *•«** much helpehkewife to digeft cold humors. jmssrasttfles*^ in l«lj and AugnSt. 1beNan.ee. , . „ It is called in 6«kei*'-or Hedyfm.m, and Securi. no more knnwne, and CI«JS« faith that heefaw Hatch thin at both edees- the fecondalfo is of all called Rl B E II. TheTheaterof Flantr. c HAP. 22= for his, and callech it AJlrAgalm MoriplHamt-: the third C/aftas refcrreth to the greater kind, yet differing in the faihion of the cods, and becaufc it is greater then the fourth I have given it the title of greater, it femewhat re- feinbleth the greater Ornithopoimm of ‘DodonzM, Camerarius calleth K.Htdyfartsm.SctirpiurHm.mdiS f Battbmm thinketh it is not much unlike the Lotas enmaphyllos oiDaiechampius ; the fourth C.tafias faith hee had from D r Ferny a Phylition of our Union Colledge,who gathered it neare unto. Geneva and imparted it to him,thinking it to be the true Hedjfisrttm of Diofcoride ;, Batthittus nameth it Securidaca damn or am minor paUidecarulea, w hen as the flower is blufla and not blew : the fift Clufius let forth having received it from Cortufru by the name of ScolopmdrU leguminoU, tfcdjfarum peregrinum which laid title hee kept as fitted, and I have perfited the defeft in his defeription, for if in my former dayes I had thought to have pm lifired the fruits of my Gar¬ den, I had then beenemore curious to have taken the deferiptions of a number of Plants,which have perifhed with me and now I want: the fixt is called Hedyfarttm minimum by Lugdunenjis : the feventh is mentioned by Mpinas Ub. de exoticis ; the eighth and ninth by him lit. de pUntis ey£gypti-. the faff is mentioned by Cornuttsi amonghisC' dailv «■ and that tt wonderfully helpeth the rupture, to be uled both inwardly and ^warily to^hephee? 01 ** '' iocjq* vn a J P/4»« LeguminofealUfarv*. Some other fmall Pulfcs. ° r ptjyS their owne Judgement, unto what gems they will referre them P ^ 3 cver V 0I1C t0 I v„l g ,ri,. The ordinary Kidney Vetch. I. ^ntUv//:. I .- ., 3 I.- AnthyUU tegwninofa ■vnlgatu. lhc Ordinary Kidney Vetch. Sea Krd,icy Vcrthof Sfmeorcaxdj. v} ‘ log4 Chap. 24-' Theatrum I Botant cum. Tribe ii 4 . - ^ a ,hiliulcgum'-o]alticataCrtiic*,&l'ercwnciHiSftma. Cnx kid Kidnty Vttth of am . hairv fof dwelling huskes, and at thetoppesof and at the joynt. with them come forth toethat then are more them whitifti flowersdearfe appearing, which being part, the fcede grow t f Onlmi 1 had ,C ' dnilcsdemin&nttirAven£. _ . * . V or the Come was no way ocher wife hindered or fpoy led, then as other Weeaes Would doe by their plentifull crowing,to hinder the growth of the Come,in fucking away the nounihment from the earth that fhould fcedc it, but by tearing the Legs of the Reapers ; which faults or plagues role from the earth wherein the feede of them lay hid.ready upon occafion to fpring,and not in the Come, which if it were fowen in a ground namely a well weeded Garden cleare of fuch weedes, would have none of them among it. The Venues. The Land Caltrops are of an earthly cold qualitie and thereby aftringent and hindering the breeding ofinflam- mationsand lmpoftumes,and againft the flux of humors •* moreover.fceing ofthirme parts it doth muchhelpc to breake and wafte the Scone in the Kidneyes .• a Lotion made therewith healeth all fores and Vleers in the mouth, and all corruptions that breede in the gummes and chroate : the juice doth clenfc the inflammations and other hoc rheumes in the eyes: it likewile curcth the venomc of the Viper and other poyfons, if a dram thereof bee taken in wine. The Thracians faith Pliny and Galen that dwell rcarc the River Strimon did feede their Horfes with the greene herbe, and lived themlelves of the fruit or kcrnells, making themintoa fweere bread which bound the bellv ; Pliny addeth that the roote being gathered by a caftc perfons doth confume Nodes and Kerrclls; the feede bound to the fwoilen veines in the Legs,or other parts of the body taketh the fwellings away, and eafeth the paines. Chap. XXVII. GUux leguminofa five CjlyeyrrhizAfylveftrit. Licoris Vetch. F this kinde of wild Licoris we have two or three forts to fet forth unto you, and unto thefe I will adjoync the other two forts of manured Licoris, which lome good authors have likewife reckoned among the Pulfes as I doe here. 1. Glaux vulgar U leguminofa. The molt common Licoris Vetch. This kind of Licoris Vetch fendeth forth many wcake round hard ftalkcs trayling on the ground, branched upwards, fetfomewhatthicke with winged leaves made of many, fet on both lides a middle ribbe, fomewhat like as the Vetch hath, but much larger and pointed :the flowers come forth at thejoynts.ac the end of a long ftalke many together, of a bleake white colour tending to yellow, which turne into crooked cods, con- 1. Glanx vulgaris leguminopt. 3 • 4 - Cljcyrrhi V i vulgaris fdiquofa & echinata. The moft common Licoris Vetch. Codded and rough headed Licoris, reining T R i b e n. The Theater of 'Plants, Chat, 27. jiog^ teining two rowes of (cede, cornered and grayifti, of the tafte ofotherPulfes: theroote is thicke and long, divi¬ ding it felfe into two or three long firings running very deepe into the ground, fweete in tafte like unto Licoris, which dyethnotbut abideth long, (hooting forth new branches every yearcinthe Spring, 2. Glaux altera legnminofa. Another Licoris Vetch. This other wilde Licoris hath fuch like ftalkes and leaves as the former, but not fpreading (o farre, nor leaning downefomuch, the winged leaves alfoare not fo large, of a darker greene on the upper fide, andgrav under¬ neath, the flowers are of a purplifh colour, the cods are brownilh long and round, and the feede within them more round : the roote is like the former growing deepe and fpreading, and as fweete as the other. Thalitts faith that this is very like true Licoris except in fomc few things. 5. Glycyrrbixavulgariefiliejuata, Common Licoris. This Licoris rifeth up with many round wooddy ftalkes,fet at feverall diftances with many winged leaves made of many fmalllong ones let on both (ides of a middle ribbe, very Wellrefcmbling a young \£h rifenfrom the feede: the flowers appearc at the joynts, after it hath flood divers yeares in a place without removing, fet upon long ftalkes, many fet together one above another fpike faftiion, of a pale blew colour, which turne into lon^ browne, and fomewhat flat cods, with three orfoure fmall, round hard, feedes in them: the roote groweth deepe into the ground. as great as a mans thumbe or more at the head, fpreading divers long rootes from it both downewards, and likewise fuckers from the fidts, whereby it will quickly encreafe, browne without, and yel¬ low within of a fweete tafte. 4. Glycyrrhixa ecbinata, Rough headed Licoris. This other Licoris groweth in the lame manner that the former doth, with the like leaves and flowers, but of a deeper blew colour, and growing for the moll part at the toppes of the branches, which are followed by rough browne heads, like to the burresofthe Platamu Plane tree, as ‘Diofcorides comparerh them, being many rough cods like thofe ofLenrills,,fet togetherin a bunch, with one browne flat feede in every cod: theroote grow¬ eth as deepe as the other, but brancheth not under ground like it, and is of aftronger or more bitteriflr fweete tafte. 7 he 'Place and Time. Thefirft groweth in many places about Cambridge, in Clarir.gdtn Parke by Salisbury, and Thrapflme'm Tforthd hampton pure and many other places of our Land, the other I have not heard hath becnc yet found with us. but in Germany, &c. The firfl lort of Licoris is f aid to growchiefely in Germany about Noremberg , the other in France, Spaine, lc.,ly &c. and flower with us late, and feede as late, ifatall. Camden in his Britania faith, that Licoris groweth wilde at fVorfop in Nottingham flire, but I beleeve he was millalcen therein, for that they of chat countrey plant great (lore in their fields, and thereof make good profit, as we doe in many other places in Gardens. 7 be Names. Thefirft is called Glycyrrhixafylveflrie by Gefner in,hort is, by Camerari nr,and by Lugdunenfis, Tolygalovby Ctrr. dies onDiofcoridis,ani'\nb\a Hiftorie Polygalon Cordi by Tbaltui, Glaux, and G laux vulgarisby Label and Clu. fins, F aenumgrxcumfylvefire by Tragus and Dodonaus.&c H edyfarnm glycyrrhixat umby Gerard,and many Herba- rills, and by'Bauhinm Glycyrrbixa fylveflrii flortbui luteo paUefccntibue : theiecondisthe Glycyrrhixafyhejlru of Thalius, and alia of Camerarim in horto,by Label Glaucavel Glaux yuadam leguminofa herbariorum & by Bauhinus GlycyrrhixaJylvefirisaltera floribue puuiceu follys Arachiitht third is called Glycyrrhixa Germanicaby fome, & Le*. vie, or non Ecbinata by others.and filityuofa by Label and others, Dulcis radix by Tragus and Cordite ,a nd Liyueritia in the Apothecaries (hops: the lad is called Glycyrrhixa ecbinata Diofcoridis by Lobel and Lugdunenfis ; Glj . cyrrhixa Italica by Gefner and Dodonaus , and (imply GjIjcyrrhixa by Matthiolus and others ; TbcophraFhu callcth it Hcrba Scytbica ■ the Greekes yearsf If. and fo the Latines ?Ho,and with us alio in tome 5 . Lotus frateufiMm/pilipfi, Smobch coddi-dTr.roile of Her* _ , r,.niafor fat Trifo'.ium btatonboiditlt wojus. tm xSgtcacerpik Trefoilc. 6. Lotus afperitr fratitofus. Rough Tiefoilc of CMornpclier.. • ; r ,ifo\ium hamorrhoidalealterm minus [ve IytycaValechi 9 The Idler pile Trefoik. 1 3, Lot lit Tribe ii. The Theater of Plants. C HAP. * 9 - no 11 Lotus cef nitubtm minorpilofas. The letter hairy horned Trefoile. This other hath (lender (hikes, cowed with very fmall reddiflibaires, the leaves likewife are hairy fmall and Q-iarpe pointed, three on a foote (hike, and two at etch joynt, from whence fprinp the flowers oneor two at the mod on a {mall lialke like an haire, of a deepe yellow, tending to a faffron colour, unto each whereof iucceedeth a very (lender long cod, with very fmall (eede therein: this likewife is found in the woods and med- dowes about CMompelter, and the hills adjacent, and as frequent with us. i z. Lotus Corniculattts incarms. Hoary horned Trefoile. This growethlow.bat with a little larger leaves and flowers,of as deepe afaffrony yellow colour as the other or rather, with a fhadow of crimfonon -them,growing three or foure together and fmall long crookodcods fol¬ lowing them with round feede in them : this is found alfo in divers medowes. 13 . Trifolium cnrniculatum Lufitanicumpro rubro. Horned Trefoile of Portugal with red flowers This horned trefoile of ’PermgaU ,hath divers long and narrow leaves, three fet together lying on the "round and fo likewife are the lowed upon the ftalkc that rifeth about a cubit high,with others upwards ftandine’eyther bugle or two at a place very narrow and long: the flowers grow at the toppes of the (taikes and branches one -1 a place on a fliorc footftalke, compofed offive leaves of a deepe red colour, with the drew of a little horne in the middle, which growing,greater the flower oftentimes abideth (till at the foote of the home for a good while which falling awav at the laft, and the pod growing ripe coriterneth within it verv fmall brownifh feede • the roote is (lender and petilheth, but by the leedc that is (hed it yearely fpringech againe. The P Uce and Time. The ipofl of thefe are declared by their titles,or after their defections where they grow, their times of flow- ring and feeding are in the Summer fealons. \ v ' The Names. in Greeke and Lorw in Latine is: of two kindes, for there is Z«« arbor, the Lore tree, and there is Lo¬ tto herb,- the herbe Lotus, which as Dufcttrida Galen and Pliny doe all agree is a Trefoile or like a Trefoile fand yet not the 7utw Tnfrhtm whereof he had made mention before: and whueoiD ofioride, mi Galen make two forts jwe- urban*.fjlveftrit-.ol theZ«i, urban : as it is gene: ally taken to be I have fpoken before m the end of the 6ftClaffis of this W orke: but this kinde of fjlveftri, is more controverted, diver s wri- ters fuppofing that which they bring and (hew forth to be the right. The lirft here expreflid was fent by Heneri - Z f r C *” dy Whe , re t , hc pe ?P le caU ; C fti*rtmup,i,8c Pona in his It Man 'EM,, calleth it LotopifL and bv Bauhmuo Lotus crettca : the fecond is called Lout, piquofue rubra fiore by Clttfitts ,and Lotus Setraoomlobm by cL merarnu, and Sandal,da Crettca and ulually wich us Pifum quadra,am : the third is mentioned by Alpha lib dc P uu the name of Abfut,which Baukinu ,: calleth Latoaffinis ^gyptiaca : the fourth the Italian Pena ca leth Lotus fy Iveflry D,afcer,d„, and was lent out of Canny for a Melilote, but as he thinketh is the true Lotus fjlveflru of D.orcondet ,and is called by Cameranus Lotus peeulmrUfiliquafus ,-.and as he faith bv Lome Ctcer hive, f re ini Darjchmum but both crromouflyithcfift is the Lotus pratenfi; filiquafu, of Clufitts. called by Label Lot,u infoltapratcnjis ftltquofa AAonfpeltenJium, and Lot w trifolia comical.,ta by Gerard : the fixe is fo called by Label and Lugdunenfi, as is in the title .-'the feaventh Cfa/i*f faith he found in the kingdoms of Granado and Valentin and IS the fame or very like unto that Label mi they of Montpelier called Lotus /> IvcttrU and by lome thoaoht m bethe OxytnphjUum •icribonq Largi. but Lobel thinketh the TrifeliumMtnmim/umto bee the true oJtrJjUuZ and that this may be the OxytrtphyUum alterum Scriboni, Largi, Clufius alfo faith he: received this out of Itah hv the name of Lotus fruttcafut and that Plafa tooke it to bceTcrempfana Arabur,,, whereof hee faith there aie two forts, the one with a white and whiter branches, the other with a red roote and reddifh branches, which he Moores of Granado called m their language Enzntu, and of the rootes of both which ware feme what "rear and cfp A Ciall y 5^® red,they made a Syrupefingular good for th% difenterie or bloody flux: the ei«ht it called T-nfoliitm Hxmorrko'idn/e by thole of Mompelier for the caufes mentioned in the defeription, wheieunto f have aided majus by the fame authority, for they doe account the ninth which is the Lotus Lybica 0 f Takcham put to bee the Idler fort of the former: the tenth and eleventh is the aa.and i i.Trifolium oPStuthhus i„ hi* Pro', aromus : the twelfth is ufually called with us Trifolium Cornicuhuum .vulgatifftmtsm ; ihe laft we had from Seel in Fortugall by the name of Trsfolittns filiquofum rttbrum Lufitanicum , The pertues. The wilde Lotus as 7 Vafioridet and Galen f,y is of an heating and drying quality, and thereby effcftuail aeainlt tlie panics in the bladder if it be taken of it fclfe oc with Mallow feede drnnke in wine: the powder of the herbe mixed with feme Hony and annointed taketh away the markes and blcmifhes in the fjce.&c. the eight fort here ■expreffedas I (aid before is held about Mompelier to be of lingular good effca againft the Piles or HcmorrhcPdcs font hath a manifett aflrmgent tafle without any manifeftheate or acrimony itheufua ldofe of the drved herhe {but the feede is much better; made into powder,and the quantitie ofa dram or halfe a dram according to the ml and dilpofition of the l auenttaken in red wine which effeft the learned there knowing have much rtafoned rho cafe among; themfelvcs, whether it wotketh this effeft by any hidden propettie, or by foe aftringentfacultie m either of which opinion fome have inclined : the Lotus Lybica as Galen laith is in the fecond degree of heate and doth a little clenfe, the reft have no efpeciallpropertie recorded by any or knowne to us ' ’ 1 Chap. XXIX. Trifoliamontana. Mountaine Trefoiles. He next Trefoiles that are to bee entreated ofarethofe;that grow on hills and the dived mounds wherecjfrhere are fundry varieties. J & •» pH *• Trifoliummontanummajuspttrpureum. The greater purple Mountaine Trefoile. fd&r This greater Trefoile growethfearfe a foote high, with divers leaves thereon which are large and r ■ force inches long fometimes, three alwayes together on long footftalkes.fharpe pointed and a little nmf,he PP i i,bo T ut f c , c ^ s,atthe t 0 PPe S fla„dlargeandfomewhat long heads of gallant purple flowers, like tlle fl ,nedow Trefoile but greater ; This is alfo found with longer and narrower leaves, and a longer fpiked nem of flowers. Bbbbba - - - a ,rw- sw. f iio4 Chat.o^. Theatrum Botanicum, Tribe ii* l Z ' Trfilium montanum majia/Ioiepurpurco& albo. The ®rcat purple and white mouncaine Trefoile. 4. Trifolium aaptftifolium Alp mm. Narrow leafed Trefoile of the Alfa. , Trif<,iiummont«»«mm*jw*l6°p>re. The great white mountain* Trefoile. The ftallcehereof is not fo -teat or high, the leaves are (mailer yet fome what long and dented aboutthe edges, novinom.vbdow, and f?w and fmaller on the ftalke, at the toppe whereofgrow one or two (hort branches, w.Ueac°hTfpiked head of hnail white flowers fomewhat fweete ■. the roote is long and about a fingers thick- bant™-— Msifc. . Th'sTrefri'ile is fuller of leaves on the lialkcs then the laft,w-hich are long and narrow not (harpebut round at theens. anddentedroundabo.it,but up higher on the (hikes they are very narrow, the flowers are fewer that ftandatt’hetoppesNarrow leafed Trefoile of the Alp*. T . • p T- i foile hath a lone roote, fomewhat hairy or fcaly toward the toppe, and ending in fome 1 n’fibr r^"fl^n“Meantl (oine^hat hard and wooddy, of a fweete bitter taftel.ke unto L, cons, \ - , ’ 'V ,v,,ve cal'ed it Spaoiji Licoris: but farre unfitly as moll of the vulgar appellations bee ) from V hence long ImaU (lender llalkes of leaves bowing downetothe ground, with two or three fmall naro fleads of leaves on them towards the bortome, and three long narrow leavesat the ends of them, with "n ail dent “t the edges fenf.bly to be felt, from among thefe leaves rile one or two naked (lender [hikes three orfoure inches high bearing large flowers as it were in a round fpike, of an excellent purple crimfon co¬ lour Handing in fi?e ^ silver leafed Trefoile of the vtlp. . . c ., p( A ;i?hjth a great Ion" reddifh woaddy roote, (hooting forth divers great branches with a num- b J f fn-^Irow' eaves, ^ree together at thetoppes of them next the ground (landing on (hort footlhlkes V neb arc (oft and of a Silver-like hoarineffe all over, from among which rife (hort (hikes not above fome fin¬ gers breadth in height, naked untill a little under V d *j, nbbe ont he backe of them being fomewhat great allot the flo" "afelfk rhTforme b Sorme and colour, but the whole head is longer. flowers are like the to Great Hares foote With very narrow leaves. _ . » t r 5 i ■? a.u,^c n fnrfe Wwh fet with very narrow leaves aimed like grafle, yet in feme places This Hares foore hat i - ^ and narrow, three fet together, at the toppes whereof grow as large a they are found to be arger, but the colour of them arc paler", and the ends or cornered toppedivifiens of the fpiked head of flowers astbe hrft,J=uttbe^oio * calleth this Alojuurc, C„mhca Dalcchanfj,. huskes are hard S^fi narrow leafed Hares foore. The Spanifb Haresfo^ ilone Hkewifeofthegreater kind, hav.ng a firme flraight (Hike but (lender, with di- \ fVnrr>p fnmewhat lone, narrow and pointed hoary leaves, wnh greatnbbes on the vers branches t erea , w arc fomcwbat broad at tbe bottomc 0 f thcm.compafling the backesupon long footftalkes let at each £oynt, tbe flowers arc of a pale red colour fct in a £ ng(p 1 ke d nuifolitv . , Lagnpuf mixhnus ffoit iubrO. The oreateft Hares foote. a. LagOpas ttiajo r folio pinnato. The longer headed Hares foot. 5 Liftfui T RI B E II. TheTheaterof TUnts. 4* 5". Lagopui avgufiifolius & fammitat foruruhrrimt. Bright red Hare* foote * Chap. 30* 1107 6. Lagoput zulgotu. Common Hares foote. 5. Ltgtfus mituffierirubtrrimo. Brigbtred Imall Haresfoote. M This (mall Hares foote hath (mail woolly or loft leaves as imall but nothing fo long or narrow as the lad ami groweth little more then halfe a foote high, the fpiked head is fmall but larger then the wilde kind and the lie 1 wers on them are of a mold excellent crimlon colour, the corners of w hcJe woolly huskes (land out like ft arrl .. win n the feedc withid them are ripe : this is but annuail periling ycarely as the former: this alfo came 1, out of Spamc by the name of Lagopw pratenfis "Buticui. Die 6. Lagopw vulgar it. Common Hares foote. The common Hares foote is well knowne to be a fmall plant growing greater and higher in fome places and faiailer in others, with whitiih woolly fmall trcfoilc leaves fet upon the flalkes, and many branches it hath t hr beads ac the toppes are imall and lomewhat long with the roundnefle, compofed as it were all of a hairv hnarc- downinefle, whofe flowers in fome are of a white in others of a blufh colour: it is annuail as the refl and rhk oneelpeciallnoteof this family of Hares foote, or that beare fpiked heads of flowers that they perish ve^eiv when as the other forts of Trcfoiles that are to follow or that went before aienot fo : This alfo I hadYram rJl Su^kw bat gre w larger, and another that flood not upright,with many other forts out of Spatxe which are perifl ^H me by fome unkindly yearcs have happened. h WIcn The Tlacc and Time, rhefc have beene all found, fome in Italy, others in Spainc, fome in France and others in Germany, but are rrr ierved with usm the Gardens olfuch as are curious .• and the,Jail almoft every where in dry grounds in C owneI.and,andfloimfhmrhe Summer moneths onely. b " oac The Thames. It is caDed xajaw-cwjn (3reeke,and fo Bkewife %* in fatin zaLepmU hikittofede of the hairy foote of an Harems .tfo Lagopodm and Per Leper,, LcpotucmtHm ,and Trifolwmbumil,-.Hippocrates called it Um rm qu ji Tr.ucum Leper,cam becaule ,t grew among Come, the firft is called by mod writers Lagcpm mtxhidti till by Clttfm, and Lagopm ma xtmM or major folia Trifolrj by Label himfelfe and Dodonan, ft he fecond is calledht ir r ZZ™ 7f'll’r 7”“'n W hlch maketh the Other fort of his third Trifolium majat, Trim cal- led it Cytufus and fo did Co/umella^LontcerM and Cordus Trifolium magnum the commentors nn r Tit,u • Pandeil, Pet miM , and 7 hal.utTr,folium fpicatum : the third iscalledby y others, but as I fayd by Lagdmcnfit iMcpecuresgraminea Dalecbampij ; the fourth Chfus fo ‘Lllcth as his ; n TheVertues. » All the t arts of theft Hares feete.that is, leaves, (lalkes.Sec. but efpeeially the fpiked heads doe dry and hirtJc, and iio8 Chap. 31. Theatrwn Botanic uni. Tr I B E II. and of the firfl faith Label wee have had mod certaine experience to flay Pluxes and Laskes of the belly, being drunke in wine or in water if the patient be feverifh, and being bound to the Share it takejh away the inflam¬ mations thereof, it is profitable faith Matthiofoi befides the aforefaid qualities,to flay diollericke belchmgs of the ftomacke and paines of the belly, if the heads and feede in powder be taken m red wine : the krbe boiled with Mallowes in wine is very good for the paines of the bladder, ihe heate of urine and icalding. The feede alio ta¬ ken helpeth the lpitcing of blood : the afhes of the heads being burnt ! s g°° d '° apply to the piles to flay their bleedings and fome alfo thinke that if the fundament t ee but wiped with the herbs it Will flay their bleeding. Pena faith that the facukie of drying is fo powerfull befides the binding that K wonderfully hayeth the running of the Heines •• it is alfo prufitably ul'ed inallfouleand hollow Vlcers, being firfl dented toraifeupflcfh in them and to cicatrife them,and is of great good life to helpe burflings. Chai. XXXI. Trifolia capitalsftellatit gUafis , &c. Starry headed, and round headed Trefo iles. t Hefe forts of Trefoiles are liked to the lad in their heads chiefely, but they are not fo dofely compared, but Hand fomewhat loofer one flower from another. ,. / rifolium ft ell At um MonffelievftHm. Scarry headed Trefoile of Mompther. This Trefoiieof AfompeHerJnzth a (mall white long & down-right root,with lomc fibres therat, from whence rife divers leaves upon long weake hoary footcftalkes.notftanding upright, made 0 f t hree (oft hairy and hoary partsjorined fomewhat like unto an heart, fiwhereon feme have Tr, 1, r t0 be Trifolinm cordamn i)and a little dented about the edges, from among which comeup three or fotirc or more low ftalkcs feldone a fpannehigh or branched, but naked up to the toppe where thcrenlually pro v three fuch like leaves as the lower arc, let under the head, which is a fmall round fpike or umbell, with nunv long flowers appearing,Ofawbit,fitted, or flefh colour, out of woolly or ha.ryand hoary huskes, every nne hv ir felfe which when they fceginne ro fade, the whole head bccommeth mere round, and the hubkes (hew thelr'fine long' flyarpe points, wWinto the toppes of ,hem were divided , more apparent laid abroad!, kea ffarre ill cacfi 1 whereof is contained one blackifh flat feede: ,n the place about -Mon,pel,er where it groweth naturally, it flowreth in Maj, and the feede is ripe in lane, but with us it will neither flower nor feece of a pionethafter. ^ j r if 0 'Humclype.n:im argenteum. Buckler Trefoile withfi’vcr-hke flowers. This fmall plant Ipreadeth many branches upon the ground fet with Trefoile leaves like the common ™oow Trefoile every branch bearing at the end divers filver like flowers, and long round blackc and fl.t feede like unto the old Venetian Bucklers, which are hot and dne in tafie.for which caufc I (hould rather make it a Thlalpibut ,n that I have notfeenethe plant, I can fay no further of it, butgivertyou as my author Alp,»»e hath letit downe ghbojo ctpite. Globe orround headed Trefoile. This round headed W** from a long white fibrous and hairy roote', fendeth forth divars fltnder round flakes a hand breadth high, and fomecimes a footc long divided into branches, fomewhat hairy befet with Imal. tripacted leaves, a little hairy,with two (mall leaves at every Joynt, and dented about the edges '• the flowers are imali and yellow that grow at the toppes,out of the brownc fharpe huskes of the round head. 4. Trifoliumgloboftim repent. The creeping vSlooe irefoile. This other globe Trefoile,whofe root is fmall,creeping reddifh and hairy,hath fur,dry weak branches lying upon the ground, three or foure inches long,being fofr,woolly,and fomewhat reddifh,which but few (mall Trefoile leaves fet on them, a little waved about the btimmes: , he toppes of the [hikes and brandies are garmfhed witn fairc round heads, whole flowers are of a reddilh yellow colour, [landing in hairy huskes, wherein a fmall Iced- is con, lined. . -j-r'rfalium feafiferum Fnficnm. Strawberry headed Trefoile of Fnfeland. This Trefoile groweth up with divers dalkes, and broad pointed Trefoile leaves upon them,dented in in the middle like a heart, fet on long foote flalkes, bare towards the tops,and bearing a fmall round head,vvith fma 1 n r n ,„„ ro pur ofth' 0 biukes,which are like fmall bladders made of thm $kinncs,wbich after the flowers are p’afl fwell fomewhat bigger, and turne downe their brimmes/orming a head like a Strawberry, of many red prairies fet together, but greater, in each i. Tnfaliun fleliarum Mo.felknlim, dr OtPatmmgentium. huske whereof is contained a few {mail yel- Starry h adtd Trefo, kof Mompelkr, Sc Buckler Trefo,le wuh lilver-like flonerr. lowifh feede?, the rootes lpread themlclves with many long fibres at them. lb ef e is another tort hereof whole head is of a deeper or darker colour; (but 1 never (avv any of a violet colour, as Clufi’M faith ) and fo arc the flowers alio in other things little differing from the former : both thefe forts Bee /brought with him out of Spa in the yeare 1608, and entituled them Trifolium Veficariunt ,which he gathered there with a- bove two hundred other forts of feede?,be¬ fides divers other rare plants, dried and laid betweene papers, whereof the feedes were not ripe, of all which feedes I had my part, and by fowingthem law the faces of a great many excellent plants, tut many of them cams T * IB £ II. The Theater of Tlants, Chap* 31. nop j, 6. T ri/o turn fragiferumiFrifcum } & Lufit unit uni tomentofua. Strawbcry headed Trefoilcs of Frifhud and Portugall. } *• Spiea tri folia fefiucacea tnbabilu, & altera* The rare fpiked rulhie Trefoi!e a came not to maturitie with me, and mod of the other whereof I gathered ripe feede one yeare, by unkindly ycares that mil afterwards have petifhed likewife. 6. Trifoliumfrugiferum Lujitanicum tomento/um m Strawberry headed Trefoile of Tortuga!!. This other hath fomewhat larger leaves than the Island pointed at the ends: the heads likewife at the toppes of the flaikes were fomewhat large atid round like chelaft, but all woolly, as it were or hoary : thispcrifhethyearely, with mee, and Mr. Tradefcmt, who had it from Boct ztLi/htexe, without bearing us ripe feede, and have not fince procured it from him againe. 7. Trifolium veficarium lave. Smooth skinny headed Trefoile. This fmall Trefoile rifeth little above halfe a foote high, it hath three or foure flaikes with fmall leaves thereon, very (harpely dented about the edges, with long foote flaikes under them, the heads are made of fmall fmooth hoary skinnes in fafhion of little bladders, fet clofe one unro another, and out of each a fmall yellow flower, having fmall round flat feede afterwards in them ■ the roote is fmall, long white, and fibrous. 8 . Trifolium veficarium afferum majui. The greater rpugh skinny headed Trefoile. f The leaves hereof are fomewhat round like the meddow Trefoile growing from the rooce, among whieh ccyns weake ftalkes two cubits high, upheld by the bufhes that it groweth among bare or naked to the toppes, bearing every one a (mall round head, covered over with rough threads, made of many fmall round skinnes like the ther, and deeper yellow flowers riling out of them. 9. Trifoliurn veficarium ojperumminus. The Icffer skinny headed Trefoile: The roote hereof groweth aflope under the ground fattened therein by many threads: the branches likewife creepe upon the ground with hare flaikes, two or three inches long growing from them, bearing on each a fmall round head made in the like manner of many fmall round greenilh rough skinnes, out of which the flow ers procecde ofareddifti yellow colour, and within which a fmall browne feede licth. Io. Trifoliumeapitulu r hymi. Time headed Trefoile. This Trefoile from a fmall long white threaddy roote fendeth forth flaikes halfe ahandfull longfpread on the gronnd, with three lmalland round pointed leaves dented about the edges, and fmall round heads on the toppes ofthem fomewhat like the heades of Time, whofe flowers are of a deepe yellow, endiningto red, and being ripe, grow hard containing reddifh feede within them. 11. Trifolium capitulooblongo affero. Long rough headed Trefoile. This rough headed Trefoile hath alfo a long white threaddy roote, and from them many flaikes of a foote long., being round fmooth, and j'oynted, ftored with hue few round leaves; from the l'everall joynts grow forth many fmall yellow flowers fet together, and after thefe rife fomewhat long and round heads, armed, as it were, with crooked fharpe prickes, which grow hard and rough being ripe, under each whereof is fet almallleafe, parted into three : the (eede of this is fmall as the former. ij. Spica Trifsilia fefiucacea mirabilit Gf altera. The rare fpiked rufhie Trefoilcs. Thefe rare Trefoiles are like one unto another in natuie,but a little differing in face and outward forme, both of them have (lender long rootes, from whence rife fundry rcddifU fpiked heades, out of which come many fine rul^i-like fprigges, and from among them, in the one a very few fmall Trefoile leaves, upon very fmall long white foote flaikes, as fine as haires; in the other a great number of the like fmall greene Tryfoile-likc leaves, on filch threaddy or haire-like flaikes, a little dented about the edges: from among which rile fundry flowers on the like [lender foote ftalkes, being fomewhat long, and white, like unto thofe of thellarrc Hyacinth imelling fweetc while they are frelh, (landing in huskes, wherein afterwards grow fmall. vyhite, round feede. I have ■ placed IIIO Chap.32. Tbeatrum Botantcum Tk’.b B II placed the figu^fto^hTogether, tha^todiverfitie may the be tier te cbferved : they ate cf a drying fa- cultie, as by the cade may be judged. Thi’Pltce mdTtme. , The mod ol thelc grow about Montpelier in fVuACf,others in Spuine, 3 s hath teer.e (hewed in their dekriptions, and foaic in Germ*.; and CW; atfo. which flower and feede when the red doe. The 7 i*mes. The firdis called by B*Mm< Trifolium JkUnmm, and I have added Monlfehenjium^d the figure not extant before : the fecond by Alpinns Trifoliumclypeetum ergenteumy the thud is Bnnhmm his Trifolium gUbcfum five cAmutlo Umi rotomiore : the fourth is fo called by him, as it ism the title : the fid is ment.oned by i„ his £>*«/?! -riores-. the fixt cotnming among other feedes from Boel . I have fo emituled.as .us fedowiK; fand it may be is a kinde of the feventh which Bemhmm tirnzihJr,fclumfpumejo c.pumlo the tinhth and ninth Bauhinm callech TrifoUum Capiutlo fpumofojerc myu,& minus : tut 1 have cntltuled the Ve- fimriumn/ftemm maius & minus : the tenth and eleventh are fo calledby Bmhnm as they ate in their ticks: the lad two forts of Rufliie fpikedTrcfoiles are mentioned by Alpimu in his Booke of Orange plants, by the names here exhibited. The Vermes, I doe notfinde any other propertie in Phyficke that thefeare applied unto, than hath beene before fpoken, for being all of late invention have had no further ttiail made of them. Chap- XX XXI. Trifoli 1 prutenfiu, Medow Trefoiles. F the Trefoiles that ufually grow in medower, befidesthofe that grow in our owr.eland; there be others that grow not with us, which arc fit to be fet together. I. Trifolium pretenfevulgarepurpureum. Common purple medow Trefoile called field Hony-fuckles. The medow Tie/bilc hath many leaves, riling from the roote, three fet together, and each aimed round, among which rife up fhort ftalkes of flowers, not much higher than the leaves, bearing many dtepe pur- p’nfli crimfon flowers together in a tuft rifing fmaller up to the toppe, which tume into little cods with (mall ft. de in them, the roote fpreadeth much, and enduteth long. Sometimes this is found with halfc round fpots of white in the leaves. Sir* r 1. Trifelim poc tcvfi vulgrtre prapureum. Common purpL medow Trefoile, called field Hony- fuckJcs. 2. Trifo turn praterfe albuw. Wl.itc flowred medow Trefoile. And there is another fort whole leaves arc all longer than the former an? pointed, the flowers are of a paler Altera purple. Of this fortlikewile fome arc (potted with blacke fpots. Jt is likewife fometimes found, having a tuhdivsrft. oi greene leaves on the ftalkes, which as I take is but accidental], and iather Lufrn natura, than any fpeciall lore, i. Trifolium pratenfe album. Whitefiowred medow Trefoile. This ufually groweth leflethan the former, and the flowers are white, and Idle as the head is alfo, and herein hiefely differeth, yet I have feene it fometimes with longer leaves than in others: but this is not Clufiw his Tri~ folium primumflore albo t as Bauhonn thinketh, making it the lame with that of MatthiolusfDocionaus , Lobcf&z. ... for that of Clujius rifeth high with few leaves, and fo doth not this. 3 r/fiT 3. Trifnlium pratenfe Salmanticum. Medow Trefoile of Salamanca. This Trefoile differeth little from the fecond fort of the former kinde .hut that the leaves are fmaller according as the climate giveth them* dented about the edges, and with a blackifh (pot on them,, the branches traile on the ground 1112 ChAF.^. Theatrum ‘Botanicwn . 1 R IB E II. ground and from the Joyms rife the fmall (hikes that be arc many ctimfon red flowers fmaller then ours and roun¬ der fet together, the lmall red feede is conteined in thin huskes. a 4. Trifolium vratenfe minus purpureum. Small purple medow Trefoile. This fmall Trefoile hath lmall hard ftalkcsa foote high, full of branches bearing on fome three leaves, on other b-anches and ioynts, foure fmall leaves like a Lotu>, the flowers grow many together at the top jtes of the fprigs, being very fmall and in a loofe umbell of a purplifh red colour; tne roote is flender white and threddy. 0 1 Trifolium luteum minimum. The imalleft yellow Trefoile. This fmall Trefoile hath a few (lender weake flalkes, little bigger then fciall Rulhes lying on the ground, whereon grow fmall Trefoile leaves fometimes more then three on a (hort footflalke, a little dented about the edges -the’flowers are fmall and ycllowiih fet clofe and round together, after which follow fmall blackilh flat and crooked feede, almofl like a 'JMeiica in the huskes: the roote is fmall and threaddy. 6 . Quadr folium fufsum. Power leafed or purple graffe. Tc purple grade f D readeth on the ground, the leaves are in fome threein others foure or five on a (hike, of a fad greene colour,with a Shadow of darke purple call over them, the flowers are white; Incverfaw this but in Gardens where women keepe it with confidence to be good for the Purples in children or others. The P/ace and Time^ The two firft forts grow every where in our owne hand, the third in Spain,Portugal!,&c. the fourth in many of the medowes in France, the fife in divers of our medowes here: the laft onely in Gardens as I fayd, for the wildethat is thought by fome to be the fame is not it,and flower and feede in the Sommer. D The Names. It is properly calledve/^.r i" Graeke, and Trifilium in Latine becaufe three leaves are al wayes joyned to¬ gether,and it « probab'e that although Diofcorides doth not peculiarly make a Chapter thereof as he doth of Lo¬ rn- vethe knew it and made mention thereof.both in deferring[the Lotus fjlveft,*, which as bee fanh fome cal¬ led ’Lybica as alfo Aiz’-Mcdka whofc leaves were like unto the Lotus trfolsa pratenfis, which fliewcih plamcly he knew it by comparing other herbes unto it. There needeth no great explanation of thcle Trefoiles for all au¬ thors call them by this peculiar name of pratenfe as being mol common therein: the third is remembrtd by Clu. ,, M thefomtbbyZwdavrB/jtthefiltDriwM calleth Trfohum agranum, and LobelTrfolium luteum mini¬ mum ■ and the laft by ‘ > Lobelm his Adwrfaria : It is called in Italian Trifogho, , n Spanifb Trebol deprados,\ n French TrcdeJe pres-, in high Dutch tVjfenkl'e, in low Dutch CDveren, and 111 A^^Claver or Clover grade, and Medow Trefoile or Three leafed grade, and of many alfo Hony fuckles, becaufe Bees feede muchonthe flowers. _ r The pertues. Medow Trefoile both leaves and flowers are thought to be cooling and binding: but others thinke them to bed of a dwelling and (uppurating qualitie: but Dodonaus who holdeth with the firft opinion faith that they are held to be "ood to eafe the griping panics of the guts and to avoyd thofe flume humours that fticke unto them if the herbelie boyledand uled in a Glifler, which I thinke it cannot doe by anycoolmgor binding propertie: if the herbe be made into a pultis and applyed to inflammations it will eafe them : the juice of it drepped into the eyes is a familiar medicine with many countrey people to cleare them of anyTime that begmneth to grow over them and to take away the pin and web as they call it grownc 111 them: it alfo a layeth the heate ana blcod-ftiooting of them. Countrey people alfo in many places doe dnnke the juice hereof againft the biting of an Adder, and having boiled the herbe in water they firft wafh the place with the decoaion.and then lay fome of the herbe alio to the hurt place: the herbe alfo boyled in Swinesgreaie and fo made into an ointment is good to apply to the biting of any venemous creature : the hcibe alfo bruifed and heated betweene two Tiles and applyed hot to the Share caufeth them to make water who had it Hopped before : it is held likew.fe tote good for wounds and to takeaway fcarres: thedccoftionof the herbe and flowers with the leede and roote taken tor tome time helpeth women tnat are troubled witbihe whites-the feede and flowers boyled in water, and after made into a Pulps with lomc oyle and applied helpeth hard iweliings and Impollumes, Chap. XXXIIF. Tr folia alia. Other forts ofTrefoiles. Here are fome other forts of Trefoiles which could not wellbe placed in any of the former rankes.not raj in that which mull follow, and therefore I thought good to place them together in this. — T HP I. Trfolium falcatum. Hooked Trefoile. Bfe-iisll The leaves hereof are lmall and like a Trefoile growing on weake flalkes fpreadmg on the ground, ar the ,'oynts with the leaves on all fides of the (talkes and fo at the toppes.come forth four*: or fm.n yellow flowers let upon (hort footftalkes, which turne into lmall crooked cods with very mall leede in them. 2 TrifoliumodorattmpeltatumCreticum. SweetebucklerTrelo \\coiCar.dy This Trefoile from a long flender roote full of fibies fendeth forth lmall flalkes an band,u l high almoft bare of ltZ-esdMving but fbw^elow and fewer on them,yet made into three round parted ed"es and (landing on long footeftalkes: at the toppes of tne (talkes grow foure or five lmall pa e) low flowers (landing one above another on (hort ftalkes, after tvhich fucceede yellowifh flat ski.nlny' cods »1>“ 10 ^ al( = with a prick or pointcll at the end,with one or two fmallflat feeds Within them.wh.ch codswhiletheyareyGung and greene are very fweete, and eaten by poorc people, but when they are full grov.cn and hard are v cry bitter. 3. Trifolinm Creticam fpinofam . Thorny Trefoile of Candy, The whole plant hereof iyeth fpread round above the ground lending forth divers Iquare ftalkes about a ipan long or more,full of joynts and branched out from them, where they ate of a greemft, chesjhaving foure fmall crooked thornes Handing at each joynt, two above and two below,at the joyuts HKettUe come forth on both (ides two fmall (lalkes of fmall and long greene leaves of three parts each endinn in a (map ^ %r id T h,£ , ,0fh °“ etf l fort hthe fmall(lalkes with flowers, each one Wybyitfdfc made of fivi mall b.ewifh purple leaves (landing open like unto the flowers of Pimpernell but "rearer! wnh divers threads t pt with yel.ow and a longlble in the middle,after which (ucceede fmall round heads pointed at the ends which when ,t ,s ripe bendeth and hideth it felfe under the leaves, and openeth into five parts in ea h whereonveth one flat and .eddifh fede.the roote is long with many fibres thereat. ^ ’ m each whereot lyeth T , c , , The Place and T'.me. fecond and rhnrt Yr by S’’*™*' deR '&° ir <-' m whereabouts he found it growing : the c nd ana thud were of Candy, their time otfiourifhing being inthe end of Summer. , The Names. , r e ;!l amc j 0 ' ,efe Trc /°‘ le * are expreffed in their titles as tl'ieir feverall authors have called them.for Cludm nf n 'f nt, ,“ r ' ° f the fir(l in 'h e appendix altera unto his Hiflory, and in his Care pojieriore, and Baa hi- , 1 . p 0 H dm his‘ 7 ’iWr 0 w w ,Ofihela(l,bothC/ry 5 W in his Hiflory, and Bauhmus j n his Phytcpmax m m T , The Verifies. famil" n!7-^r?rd Lt r !heT ti0ned 0fthC& Tref ° ilC ' Wh “ P '° PCnk ^ haVC > fcut bei "S ° f « Chap. XXXIV. Trifeliarn Ccr/eatamfive Med,ca. Snaile Claver or Trefoile. F thckMedicae 1 have given you many varicies in my former Booke, but there are fome other fevfi • t ° 0 7"fn c at n ,’ al1 bc . fl * wed ,na Table together with thofe formerly expreffcd.and there arc others that'a/e pikkly P aCC wb ' ch were noc fic for thar,and firfl with fmooth fhdls.knd then of thofe I. Plenum 'Burgmdiacutnfive tJMtdica legit ima Dadrneo Clafio etalijs. . Snaile Trefoile of Burgoinc. ‘ nai e Tf 1 ‘ 01 e °J c,a ver hat:h divers weakc greene ftalkes, with divers fmall fad gfrecne Trefoile leaves fet thereon without order i the flowers grow upon long (lalkes comming from the /oyiits and toppes of the b anc s many cindering in a thicke (hort tuft of a blewifh purple in thofe that grow in thofe parts, but in others r Ccccc . of ■ (■ 1U4 Chap.34’ rbeamm ‘Botanicum* Trxbs II. Alarum 1 __ UA __- ■- 7TT oToulcTblew orof a brownilhblew, or of raixt of divers and feverall colours as more purple neare a vioie , v b in FraMe w ith yellow flowers alfo: blewandyellowcolours partedfo much twined as many other M,«« dee,, wuh home firings and fibres thereat abi- dm., lon = . ^ Tri f olium Cochleatttmpoljccirpoji five lutfll round Trefoile leaves on pretty This hath branches lying on the ground a foote long »»“ ™ > ^.ikcs, toll and many cluttering together large footftalkes, the flowers come forth at the joynts upon o who le leaves are dented, wherca* and afcet.them toll fnaile-likelhells a little rough. There is anot the former is not, and differeth not elfe. Wooddy Snaile Claver. .... , 5 . MeAictfrHtefcensfiveflmoflort C J ' ot a ble to (land upright but lying on the This Snaile Claver hath fundry hard,round and flexible_w (mjU long in d narrow leaves by three on a around, a foote long, divided into many branches, ’wuereon b flowcrs a[e fn]all and m , ny together of a fonn footflalke, with a thicke middle ribbe on the bac > , . . * un o 5. CMcdica jrutefccvt ftvefiavo flore Clvpf* Wooddy Saaile Claver. Fanum Burgundiacum five Medtcalegitima <e|Io W colour and fomewhat fweete, which are followed by divers (mail flat twined cods like unto thofeof the ffrft hut (miller, with fmallet feede likewile in them: theroote IS long confiding of long firings' which abideth long, (hoo¬ ting new (hikes every yeare. 4, t-Medic* marina. Sea C[aver. The Sea Claver hath fundry hoary trailing branches lpreadon the ground a footc or two long, with min/ • mall and very hoary round trefoile leaves onfhort foot- I alkes: the flowers are many fmall and yellow (landing at the ends of the branchesand many fmall writhed (hells doe follow like unco other fmall Snaile Claversthe roote is •omewliat thicke and abideth long, C. Mcdicamarin* major fjtinofa. Hard and thorny fheld Sea Claver, 11s Clavergroweth bigger and greener then the lad. the If Divers are (mail and yellow comming from thejoynts ot the branches, and but one at a place which are followed ly (mail hard and round prickly heads,whofe windings are hardly robeedifeerned, this perilheth yearely. There is another fort hereof that differed! onelyin the fmalnefTe, 3nd fis ‘ lrc in the general! table of 6. Medic* Arabic* Cameran jr Rye Trifelia cordatum. ■ . Hart Clavet of Arabia. This heart Claver hath very (lender and fmall weake branches full of joynts,and round greenifh Trefoile leaves upon long footdalkes at them, broad at the end and dented in, making the falhion of a Hart as it isufually expreffed, with red (pots in each of them the floweas grow two or three together at the end of a dalke comming from the ;ojmtslma" and yellow, which turne into (mall prickly hiatannulj^ S Unt ° 0t ^ cr * the roots is T Medica-echipata pan* nSa & u hi„.la rotund*Me*. La&Jtmnfc Ins creep,ng round prickly Cla,er of mofoHs. ZJMtdica Lunata & altera fpinofa, Moonc Claver and Another thorny one,' 11x6 Chap.^ 4 - 'Tkeatrum Botanicam. Tr IB E II* Alter a icfla. 7 c Medica echinata rotunda five Tribulus terrefiri, minor ripens Lugdunenfis, '■ keeping round prickly CUver. _ . j . i rbucr hath verv long branches trayling on the ground, with very (mall trefoile leaveson , r ,, like unto the firft true Claver, and dented about the edges, the flowers ar Jyellow and^he pods^very like to thole of Marantha his Cytifus, but yet is not the fame,this being an herbe and that a fhrubbe or bufh growing &iedic*tm rtovrra Jpetieicumfiliqua Storpioidis lent. high. Ocher torts or ^Aleaicm ol Nine fori? of Medicos and a pod of the fmooth Scorpion graffe. Ciavers are fee downe in my former Bo-ke of flowers, which together with all the other foits are not there expreffed, but fince ubteined, 1 have thought good to let in one table, thole are not formerly mentioned are thcle, which Medica tomato,(yc. 9 . Medic* tornatamajor" <& minoris ler.ii. The greater and leffe fmooth Medi- w,turned like a Tun. Thefetwo forts differ not in their growing from tbs others but onely in their fruite, the greater whereof ftan- deth lingly one at a place, turned like to a Tun, and the letter hath many to¬ gether fmaller, which two arc ex- prefled the two firft in the generall Table. . I o. Medica tomato, jpinoja. The Thorny Tun lik c Medica. This alfo hath the chiefe difference in the fruit, which is fomewhat like a Tun, but a little thorny or more like unto a fine wrought hairebutcon,many together which is the fixe figure in the Table. The Place and Time. The firft groweth naturally both in many places of Spaine and in France neare Montpelier alfo, yet is it fowen in rnanv places both there and in other cotimries,to ferve for Hay for their Cattell and Horfes and cut it often, for in Spaine they have no other hey which fetdeth their Horfes and maketh them exceeding fat, and fo doe they in the Low countries,whereby their Kine give the more abundance of Milke : the others grow fome in France others in Spaine or Germany, and fome of them alfo are found in our fields and mar fines, as Woolwich, Dept¬ ford } &c. The Thames, The firft is taken by the mod judicious of our later writers to be the uiJhtn of Dio/corides, which as Pliny faith was brought from the Meies into Greece by the Eerfian Darius hiswarres therefrom whence came the name Adcdicaas the Meiicum malum the Pomecitron was alfo : but now from Italy being brought and fowen for the benefit thereof in the fields of Bclgia and the bordering places, and firft in Burgonie or "Burgundy hath altered the old name into Feenum hurgundiacum and ol late regained the old name, and called Medica legitime, none as it is faid berrer a°reeing with Diofcorides his delcnption in all things then this: Gerard was much deceived in faying that Lobel his Foenum Bure undine urn was the Tr .folium cochleatum primum of Dodoneus in his laft edition, foi it is his Medic *in the next Chapter following,as any thac will compare them lhali foonefinde : the fecondisof 2?4«- bi'.iti in his Prodromusfiiftt we having it growing plentifully in our land doe ufually call it Medica racemofa ; the third C lit fiat calleth Medica flaw, flore,and Baubinm Trifolium fjlvcflre Ititeum filiqua comma five Medica jru. tefem. and Tabcrmontanm Lens major repens as he iaith : the fourth (filufw firft called Medica marina and fodoe Label (famesarins and others : the fife is of the number of Boel his Spanifb Medicas, whereof wee had a dozen or foil-eteene forts the (ixt Camerarim calleth Medica Arabica and is generally called Tr,folium cordatum : r c two next are Lugdnnenfis b'isTribnhu terreftrii minor repens and reS’tt, which Camerarim calleth Medica pu- f li ; the two lall ate lately knowne.The firft ol thefe is by Avicen and the Arabians called Cot and Alfialftfat but corruptly-by the Spaniards Allafalfaga and Alfalfes, but by thefe of Caflile Mielguas ; by the French SainBfom and Fain de "Bourgongue, we call it Medick, Fodder and Snaile Claver, or Trefoile. The Tenues, The life of this firft herbe was in former times more to feede Cattell then in medicines, for it was held to be fo powerfull to fatten their Horfes and other beafts that they would ftint them toaquantitie for feareoffuffocating them,by growing thereby too fat, thegreene herbe faith Dtofcorides hath a cooling propertie, and for that pur- pofe chiefely tobeufed, yet sMvicen commendeth the oyle made of Cot or Alfalfafat againft the tremblings of the heart, Cjefncr iaicli that a liquor drruven by fire out of the Alfalfes of the Spaniards is good againft the Stone, I fuppofe he meanethan oyledrawen out of the feede, as the oyle from Almonds. Plutarch in his booke againft Epicurus reciteth a pretty ftmilitude taken from this Medica .Fven as (faith he) the feed of CMedica abidethalong time by reafon of his many winding branches creeping on the gronnd, and by his fharpe roughnefte, even fo g. eefe having fattened his crooked roores in ones body,cleaveth thereto not for a day or a night, but for many veares. and is hardl expelled out by other greefes as by ftronger naiies. The reft here mentioned in this Chapter are not uled againft any difeafe that I know. C H A t. Tr* B S II. The Theater of T lam <. Ch A P, 3i- Chap. XXXV. Scorpioides, Scorpion graffe or Caterpillers, gEcaufethcfc plants come nearcftunto the ^riM.both in their flowers, pods, & (eedes,al though diffe- \ ring in their leaves,yet I thmke I doe not greatly erre to fet them at the taile of the rdf of the Pulfes. but I have given you the knowledge of two forts of thefe Scorpion Gralfes in my former Bookc'- ! ther ® rcmai '; e thrc f more t0 b f renrembred in this Chapter to finifti this Claffis of the Pulfes. Bupleunfolio plunk* cormculi, aSferi,. Small ordinary Caterpillers with many cods. This fmall Caterpiller alfo groweth m the fame manner with trailing long branches as the fi, ft fmall rough- fort doth, the ieivesareiikewifeof a frefl, greene colour, andofthe famefalhion,butfomewhatlelTcr:the flowers alio are fmall, and of a deepe yellow, foure or five oftentimes Handing together, which are of the fame brgnelle and fafhion with the other but that it hath as many rough crooked cods together as there were flowers the rooters very Hringy but annuall. s . . .. 2 r, Scer P w ‘f s Buplcurifoliofilicjui, lembus. Smooth codded (mall Caterpillers. This other is m all things like this former fort, but that, it hath feldome two flowers together on a flalke, and the wormes that follow as few, being crooked and winding in the very famemanner, are fmall and fmooth. Without any roughneffc at al ,& of the fame pale browne colour that it is,the figure whereof is with the Medicas. Scarp,aides CMattheh five PortulacafoUo. Mauhielu, his Scorpion Grade, or with Purflane leaves. Thrs Scorpion Graffe of Matthwl* hath divers upright pale greene ftalkes, and pale greene leaves fee thereon, each whereof is fomewhat long, broad, and round pointed like a Purflane leafe, fomccimes having ‘T Vn’il CSV ' C u W ned * ' he bottome of the greater, and oftentimes in many without them; at the toppes of the (Hikes, and out at the joynts likewrfe (land fmall pale yellow flowers, much refembling thole of Medea after which follow fmall long flender and crooked homes, fmall at the end, joynted or parted, as it were, all the length of it fomewhat refembling the long crooked cod of the Cohu a Scorpio,dec, but this is more confpicuoufly penfh ingyearcly P1 * “ 0ur ’ wlthm whlcb lie Ima11 lon S whiufh yellow feede : the roots is long and fibrous. The Place and Time. H Cre broa , shc U! ouc of s P*" e fc y Bml • as the great one was alfo expreffed in my former Booke a fiillv ^ TeM f h 8r ° WCth " eere Unt0 Mom P' lur > M well in their manured fields, as in their Vineyards plenty- Scorpioidet Bupleurifo’io major & minor. The greater an J fmaller rough Caterpii. lers or Scorpion Grade. 3 . Scorpio!Jet Mtttbioli fiie Portulocre folio, Mattbiolm his Scorpions taile or Cater¬ pillers with Purflanc-hke leaves. Ill/ iix 8 Ch AP. 35 . Theatrum c Botanicum. Tribe ii. and referredit himfelfe unto t le e f , y , , have it to be Tclofbeum DiefcorM. OWowjardu. £^S£.^‘ the Beane, foure fquare, but fohath not this '' h ® fcS s' Cfa* alfb feemeth to make deede fome refetnblance of thele rough pne •- , | . j » called Scorpiaides Mattbioli: the other he thiolm, I have given my reafon, let others corrert with better if they can. TbeVertHCj, mmmmsmm ‘Telcfh'mm by Galcns judgement. CERE TV I B Z 12, Chap, i 111$ CEREALIA: C O R N E S- CLASSIS DV ADECIMA. THE TWELFTH T%1EE. > CHAP. I. Tritium , Wheate, A ving finifhcd the Claffis of the Pulfcs, the next to follow in order unto them is of the Cerealia, that is, all the diverflties of graine and Come, whercunto I will ad/oync with all the fcverall Pultages and orderings of them, as the old Romar.es and Greek's ufcd them in their times for their foode, as meate or drinke, or for medicine which iieAlicaor CbondrusCrimnon, Tragus, Pfi/aua. Zythum Curmi, and the reft : after which mud follow the Grades (for that all the forrs of Cornes are the mod noble and- uiefull kindea of Grades, and therefore preferred before them) Radies, and Reedes. To beginne then with the mod noble Graine of all others, namely Wheate, it is of divers forts, fome with beardes or aulnes, others withouc, fome of a white colour, both dalke and eare, others with a redder, called red Wheate, and fome blew or of other colours, fome flat, o- thers fquare, fome with Angle heads, others with many, lome with Angle rowes, others with double; and fome to be (owne before Winter, and therefore called Winter come, others onely in the Spring, called Sommer corne,: to give you ample deferiptions of every ooe particularly, were to enlarge this Volume, and yet to filial! purpofe: Iwillthcreforegiveyoua defeription of one that may ferve for a generall explication of all the red, with onely fuch diderenccs as may not be omitted, and yet in as compendious a manner as may be. i. Triticumjpicamutica. Bareornaked hite Wheate, The white Wheate rifeth up from the creeping joynted roote, with three or foure or more dalkes.with fairc broad and longgicene glafiedike leaves,at every j'oynt one, & atthefourth jovntulually commeth forth the long care or fpiked head, one likewife on a dalke without any branches, which while the bead dandeth upright bloo- tneth (mail yellow aglets, and when it is full ripe, bowethdowne the head a little with the weight thereof.and is let with two double rowes offeede or corne, wrapped up in divers c'naffie skins or cotes,and is when itisclcnfcd of a Arme compacd (ubdance, fumewhae yellowifh and clearcwlthall.andisthe chiefed Wheate of all making the pared white bread. We have in fame countries of this Land another fort of bearded Wheate, which the country mcii call a red drowed Lammas jbecaufethe dalkes are redder.orelfe little difference in the care, , 2. Tritunm arifijimunitam. Bearded or red Wheate. This fort differeth not in the manner of growing in any refpefts from the other, onely the head hereof is lar¬ ger and redder than the former, with foure Ades feeming to be foure fquare, and bended alfo : the mcare whereof maketh nor fo pure white bread. LoWcallcth this Tritium Loca, from the Dutch appellation, and peradven- ture may be the Tutor Adoreum of Piir.y, &c. 3. Triticum Lucidum. Bright eared Wheate. . y The eare hereof fheweth plainelythe difference,which is fomewhat longer and greater,of a right browne Me w- ifh colour, long and rough, with beardes and aulnes, and the graine harder,and of a browner colour :this kindc is a courfc graine, yeelding much more branne than the former, making alfo a heavier and blacker bread -Lobe! call letll this Tritium Loca alteram. Lugdunenfis feem:th to call it Tragus, and called, as he faith by As French Bit- turgnet, 4, Triticum multiplicifpica. Double cared Wheate. The double eared Wheate is likealfo unto the fecondfqrt, and differeth in the eare, chiefely which isfhorter and hath divers other fmall eares riAng from the Ades of the greater, the beards or aulnes ate (Lor ter, and fo is tl e (hike alfo; the graine it lelfe is loofer and leffe compact, y, TrifolUtm Creticum. The wilde Wheate of Candj. The wilde Wheate of Candy groweth in (hike and leafe like unto ordina* Wheate, the eares are fomewhat rougher and blacker, the beardes alfo fhorter, and the cornes leffcr and bluntatone end, more like to Rie than Wheate. 6 . Triticum T * I B E 12. The Theater of Tlants . Chap* i. ini 5. Traicum Cvetitum. The wilde Wheate of < 5 . TriticurnTripelttanttm, Tf if <>//Wheate, Triticum Tripotitanttm > Tripoly Wheate. This W heat® being brought into England from Tripoly, was lo wne for experience onely to fee what it would pro¬ duce, it had ftalkes two cubits high, with broader leaves than our Wheate, and eares an handfull long, with very long beards, and blackifh graines like Rie within them. Peradventure this may be the Zea Theophrafti . 7 * Tri tic tint trimeflrc. Summer Wheate. This kinde hath narrower eares, longer beards, and fmaller graines, and is onely to be fowne and reaped as Barley is with us, yet as it is earlier lowne in the warmer countries, (o it will be the fooner ripe, but will not endure thecoldnclfe of our Winters. Wee have other Teeming diverfities of wheate growing in our owneLand, well knowne in divers countries which they call byfeverall names, as Duckes-bill Wheate, and Cone Wheate, &c. but I cannot fay unto which of the Comes, either of the ancients or of our times they may agree : And I finde that Lugdunenfis (heweth fome other kindes alfo of red wheate growing in the feverall parts of France and Italy , as name¬ ly one fort growing about Lyons , which they call Ble rune, and Grofble, whole eares have have no beardes,and whofe graine is the largeft and fulleftof all others, yet notfo good to make into bread as others,and therefore they there carefully husband it, that when they have hulied it, they boyle into a pultage with milk(as our furmentie pottage is) which they greatly aflfeft, and he there faith alfo, that fome would take it to be the Far or Adoreum of the old Ro¬ manes, whereof when it was hulled and boyled they lived for many yearcs in the beginning of the citie,as / liny (aith. Primus antiquu Latio cibw, magno argumento in Adoreu dsnit ut diximw , pttltc autem non pane vixifte, longo tempore Romanos manifeftum eft t efic, for they liv ed on Pultage . 7 - Triticum t rime fire. Summer Wheate. 22 CH aF.' 5 2, T heatrum Botamcum, __Tribe 12.' ~aiidnotbrcad for a long time, thus faith Pliny : an other is called Far Clujunm brought out esi Italy, which being fowne in fat ground, bare a (talke as high as a man, or higher, with fxc joyrts, and as many leaves thereon: the earean handfutl long, the beardes very long and rough, the huskes many thicke and great, that contained along fie nder <>raine, with a deepe furrow,& hard to be thradied forth,wherof Tltny thus latth.it is not to be thraflied as Wheate and Early, but mud be parched as Millet and Panicke is, to be cleanied, and therefore mud be fowne with the huskes on it.There is another alfo which they there call Frcument a fix eyuarres that is,'Wheate with fixe ro wes of cotne in an eare, and that in lome places of Savoy they call it Sle riguet, because the eare is the firongtft and roughed, and hath fixe rowes, when others have hut fcuie there is alfo another kinde of led Wheate a- bout Mattfco in the moid grounds, whofe corne isdender and long,. and therefore they call it Long game, whereof for necefficic they make bread, but clfe they (eede their Swine and Pullen therewith, and this may feeme like to Galen his Brytej, of Thracia. There are alfo divers other varieties of Wheate, as Lugdunenfis faith, with divers Nations which arc very hardly knowne by their doubtfull and double fignifications. The Place 2nd Jinte. Many of thefe forts of Cornes have growne with us; but from whence fome oftbetn were brought, we know nat, favin™ the double Wheate which groweth about Lyons, and that of Candy-, theaouble Wheate, Summer Wheate, and that of Candy, arc to be lowne in the Spring, the red in Autume, and are reaped m August, orihe end of Inly at the fooned. The Shames. Tt is called in Greekenu"8<,in Latine Triticum quod tritnm ex Jfick fir,ns Varret faith,as alfo v.V© , that is, fru- mentttm a fruendo, idejt,vefcendo diSlttm quod culmus extulit ttt ait Iarro , Thcfirft is generally called by all Triticttm or arijtie carers, and fome take it to be Rebus, Lebel calleth it S iligejjiica mutica : the fecor.d fas alfo the other lorn thereof ) is called Triticum ariftis circumvallatum, (f- Loca by Lebel, but mod likely to be the Rebus oi the ancients a rubere erani, as this is; V'doneus feemeth to snake it Triticum Tiphitum, and Tifha ccrealbi : the third is the Trie,cum Leca alter,tm of Label, and fet forth to t e Tragu, by Lugdunenfis , and by others called Triti. atm Imidnm or Lucidum : the fourth is called Triticum ramojttm by firry, and Jrinium m.ultiplici fpica, bv Label, but by Tabirmor.tar.Ki Tr.tieum Tiphiiwm multifile! fpiea : the fift Henorius Bellus lent unto cluftns from Candy by the name of Agrioflari, ar.d fo Pena in his Italian Baldus doth call it, and Frttmcn- tum fylvejire Creticam, but the figure that hce hath thereof doth not, in my minde, anfwer the de¬ fection thereof not having any beardes: the fixe wee have called 7 riticum Tripolitanum, of the place from whence it was brought, but as 1 faid.it may, in my minde be referred to Zea, as well from the place, as from the greatnefle of the growth : the lad is called Setanium, and Triticum tnmejlre by icW.Tlie Arabians call it Hen,a and Hencha, the Italians Fcurmento, and Grants ■ the Spaniards Trigo i the French Frcument, the Germans Weyjfen, the ThitchTerrrc, and we in English Wheate. It cannot but admiremectoreadethe conceits of fome of the an¬ cients cocerning corne, why fome (hould have beardes and others not, fuppofing that in a fertile field, the fame kind would be without beardes or au.lies, & in a leane ground it would have aulnestand agaire.thatinadrietiire or yeare it would be bearded,and in a moid notiagaine,that great windes esufe their beards to be broken, which th c quieter doe not: andlafily, that the thi ckc lowing and growing, doth caufe them toTe without beardes, when the thinner bringeth them. Galen alio wnteth inhisfitd Bookc and lad Chapter of the faculties of Nou- rifhments, that both he and his aged father, who tooke delight in Husbandry, having lowed both Wheate and Barly very well clenfed from any other feede (catrered or mixed among them, ofpurpofe to prove w hether they would change their natures into Darnell and Haver grade; or whether thefe were naturall feedcs of their ownc kinde : found that much Darnell rofe among the choife Wheate, and but little among the Barly : and that much tsEgilttps or Haver Grade rofe among the Early, whereby it feemeth he doth confirmethat cmrant opinion, that thefe and other graines & feed will change into others.cither better or worfe ; but Purely 1 could never mecte with that Countrie or Husbandman that could certainely prove it (although feme have averred it verbally & carred- ly)that there was any (uc.bCMctamorpboJts,but that thefe & fuchlike weedes too many by a great many;do fpring up in the Corne fieldes, notwithstanding the greattft indudry any man can ufe, I doe verily beleeve, becaufeof thefird curfeof Godupon the earth: and therefore to cleare the corne, they are faine to weede the fieldes; for the ground it feifehathfo much ofthefeedesof thefeweedes inclofed therein, that lowed it felfc before, and were not, nor could not be weeded out throughly, that although every (cede were piikt that fhculd be fowne, yet when it is Sprung, it will not want thefe weedes ;and in this one point I docbeleeve was Galen and his Father deceived, who although theychofe and cleanfcd their feede, yet they cleanfed not fufficiently the field wherein they lowed their feed. And this may alfo ferve for an anfwer to Matthiolw country men of Anemia, who by tradition had received that opinion, as many alfo in our land have, which fheweth the world is dill wil¬ ling to contintte the old errors,'but nocertatnc truth of tranlmutation or tranfubfiantion.or trinfmigraticn,call it what you wilhof their Barly into Haver-grade, or wilde Oatesfor let any man trie the truth hereof in his Gar¬ den that is well weeded before hand,and lb continually kept weeded, and having fowne his Barly or Wheate, or any other grainc each by it felfe; and folikewife Darnell, Haver-grade, or any other feede, if hedeenotfinde the fame feedcs doc every one keepc their own kind,but degenerate intoother kindes, let him then beleevc that opinion, and fo will I, but not till then for the barrenne(leorfruitfulnefTe,the moifiure or drineffeof the earth with fuch likecafuallya may make anyherbe togrowfmalleror bigger, which may feeme ro be akindeof change,but yet is no change of nature or kinde; but the alteration of heibes and fioweis to be double, or to war\t a part of the forme from his original!, is but as we call ic Lufus 01 - Inxus nature, and they will rediread ingtnium, as we fay, as a man that is borne with fome mifhape or deformitic, as to have fixe fingers on a hand, to be borne with teeth, and fuch like, when as neither the parents, nor the fucceffion provethfuch continuall: For the word and appointment of God in nature mud dand firme, who in the Creation, fet this law to the Heibes and Trees that they (hould have their feede in them according to their owne kinde, and not according to another kinde. The Vertucs. Galen faith, Wheate is in the fird degree of hcate, but neither drieth uor moifiencth evidently yet Pliny faith it drieth.To eate the comes of greene Wheate, faith Tiofeorides, is hurtfull to the domacke and breedeth wormes .• a plaider made of leavened bread doth more diged, than that which is made of the Wheate it felfe, by reafon of the X B E 12 . The Theater of ^Plants. Chap* 2, m3 the leaven and fait therein, for leaven hath a power to draw and digeif that which is fatre off, FHnj faith that Scxtw Pomptim that was troubled extreamely with the Goute, did put his Lcgges up to the knees into a great heapeot Wheate,and thereby was ealed often and holpen. Pliny faith alfo that the Comes of Wheate tolled up¬ on an Iron pan,and eaten is a pleafant remedy for thole that are chilled with cold : thecyle preffed from Wheate bi tweene two thicke plates of Iron or Copper heated,doth heale all dangerous tetters and Ringwormes on the face or chin, or other parts of the body, being ufed warme, and hereby lith Galen vrec have knowne many to be cured: Matthiolm commendeth the fame oyle to be put into hollow V leers to heale them up, the fame alio is tifed forthechappesofthehandsorfeetebyreafon of cold, as alio to make a rugged skinr.e fmooth : the greene Comes ot Wheate bring chawed and applyed to the bitten place by a maddeDog helpeth it -• dices of Wheate bread foked in ted Role water and applycd to the eyes that are hot, red and inflamed, or that arc blood-fhot helpeth them: hot bread applyed for an houre three dayes togetherjto the throate troubled with kernellsor the Kings evillhealeth it ptrfeflly: the flower of Wheate mixed with the juice of Henbane doth flay the flux of humors to the joynts being layd thereon : the faid meale boyled in Vinegar helpeth the (hrinking of the line wee f aith P/my, and mixed with Vinegar and Hony boyled together healeth .all freckles fpots and pimples on the face : Wheate flower being mixed withtheyolkeofanEgge, Honyind Turpentine doth draw dcnl'e andheale any bile or Plague fore or any other touleVlcer, the Branneof Wheate meale is often boyled in the dtcoftion ot a ibeepes head, and it given in Gliders to clenfe and open the body, and to eale the griping paincs of the in- crdls.-thefaid Branne deeped infharpe Vinegar and then bound in a Lumen cloth and rubbed on thofe places that have the morphew. fcurfe.fcabbe or leprofie will take them away, foasthebody bee well prepared and purged before • the dccotffion of the Branne of wheate or Early is found of good ufe to bathe thofe places that are bur¬ den by a Rupture: the faid Branne boiled in good Vinegar and applyed to fwollen breads doth helpe them, and flayeth all inflammations, it helpeth alio the bitings of Vipers, andaliother venemous creatmes. TheLeavera of Wheate meale hath a propcrtic to heate and to draw,and in efpeciall it rareficth the hard skins of the feete and bands.as alfo warns and hard knots in the flefh, being applyed with feme fair: Starch moiflned with Rofewater and laid to the cods taketh away their itching: the Wafers that are made of the pureft and fineft volatile flower being put in water and drunkc doth flay the'Laske and Blooddy flux,. and is profitably ufed both inwardly and oucwardly for the Rupture in children ; and boyled with Rofes, dry F igs, and feme Iujubes maketh a fit Lotion to wafh lore mouthes or throats, and when the kerndls thereof ate fwollen and fore : the fame alio boyled in water unto a thicke gclley and taken, flayeth the fpitting of Blood, and boyled with Mints and Butter it hel¬ peth thehoarfeneffe of the throate. Chap. II. Zeopjrum five Triticofyeltum Lobeli], Ballard Wheate, . Nto thofe ltindes of wheate I thinke it mecteto adde this kinde yet a part by it lelfe, being as a KS£ meane betweene Zeaand Wheate, or Wheate and - —‘So Barley, for as Galen faith in 2. Aliment, it grow- ech in the coldelt places oiBithynia- as alfo neare unto di¬ vers cities in the further parts of Phrygia which Homer alio fpcakethof, and as the name fo is the nature thereof, for the bread ot it is by lomuchworfe then Wheate, by^how much it is better then 'Bryr.a of Thrace, thus much is Galerts relation. Dedmaus from Tragus hereunto applyeth the fi¬ gure of a Come, which as Tragus faith the Germanes calf KcrnmADrir.kelkern, and is the fame that Lagdutrcnfis cal- leth Zeapyrum gymnocriten , and Lobel taketh to bee that kmde of Graine which is brought from beyond Sea unto us and fold at the Apothecaries by the name of Horde, um nudum or rrwndnm, French ^ns\cy, Tragus deferibing it laith thus, it is in ftalkes, joynts and cares liked unto Zea, the Come is not much differing from Wheate, but yet is not enclofcd in Huskcs as Zea is, but is cafily rubbed forth, and is of a yellowifli colour like Wheate: itisfowen iaith hem certaine places of Germany,to lerveboth for bread,& for the Kitchin to boyle in brorhes andTifanes.for which purpofes ic.fcrveth in the ftcad of Barley ; Lugduncnfis alfo thinketh that this is very like if not the fame kind ofWhcatc that Rrt- eUitts faith the french call Scourgeon, as if it were faid Sac. curfitm or Subfidinm gentium, whofe (Srainc is fmall, lankc and of a darke colour. The Place, Time, Names and Vertues hereof are fufficient- ly exprefled in the dclcription, and therefore there HCCde no more to be faid of it. Zeepprun five Tritico jpeltvm. Ballard vs Scare. m4 Ch a p.3. Tbeatrum Botanic uni. rib* 12 . Chap. III. Zea. Greekc Wheate. | Here arc fome other forts of Cornes that more properly may be accounted kindes of Wheate^then of ] any other fort of Graine, and therefore are to be entreated of before either Rieor Barley in their ■ feverallorders,andfiift of that Graine which the ancients called Zen a diftinft Corne oiffering from i 1 others, and by T)iofcorides laid to be of two forts(although Theophrajlus and Galen have made men- 1 tion but of one, (which is the ‘Dicoccos ofDiofcorides as it is thought, the one Diofcorides calleth DU coccos the other/wf>/f*butfirfU thinkegoed tofetdownethe^of 7 ^^j?«/ashedefcribethit. 1. Zea TheopbraJU & antiquorhm. TheZca of the antients or Greekc Wheate. The Gretke Wheatc rifeth up with many ftrong joynted high ftalkes and leaves on them mod like unto Wheat*, the Hare is plemifull in Cornes as Jbeophrajlus faith, (bare without beards as Lobel and fome others have thought yet Luirdunenfis fetteth it forth if his bee true Zen with beards, for Theophrajlus maketh no mention thereof^ whole Graines are indofed in many chaffie huskes, being the lighteft of others which are notfoeafily beaten out as whea;c,and is very p'eafantro all creatures: the rootes are many,and ftrongly faff ned in the ground where¬ by they draw much ncurifhrr.ent out of the ground, defiling a rich foile, and thereby quickly draweth forth the heirtof the ground. T his is the trueft defeription of Theophrajlus and the ancients Zea , efpccially drawen out of the ninth Chapter of his eighth booke of thehiftory of Plants. Vnto which of all our graines or of thofe that the liter writers have referred it unto,this may agree thereto in all parts I cannot finde, for neither Matthio - lus his Spelta nor Lugdunenfis his Zea are naked but bearded, nor can it agree wirh Camerarm his Zea '/pica mu - tic.i , nor yet with Tragus his third Zcajpicamutica, having neither ftrong nor tallflalkes,nor yet many growing from fuch a buftiie route as Theophr.tjlus giveth to his, unlcfle it may be faid it is degenerated, for Theophrajlus in the eighth Chapter of his eighth Booke iaith that no Corne is fo apt to be metamorphofed wholly into others as Tipb/and Zea, but I thinkc their tranimigrations of plants aieas likely as their tranfmigrations offoules. ?. Zea dicoccos five Spelta vulgo. Spelt Wheate or Spelt Corne. The Spelt Come is in Ifalke and leafe fomewhat like unto Wheate but not rifing fo high, the Bare is fmaller and not orderly fet in rowes: the Cornes grow double,that is two together, but not inclofed in one huske as ma¬ ny have thought, but in feve rail huskes and hardly to be 1. j. Zea dicoccos fpica tnutica <# monococcos oriftii munita. Spelt Wheate and S. Peters Corne. thrafiied out, which then fomewhat refei*ble Wheate: the roote is plentifuil in firings and fibres. 5 . Zea monococcos Jive (implex Jive Bryzi S. Peters Corne. This fpringeth up with a (ingle (lender and fhort ftalkc.but firme, bearings (mall tbinnefpiked eare, let with rough beards like Barley alfo, being as it were flat, with the Cornes fet onely on ‘two fides, every one contc inedfingly in a huske, which are as Tragus laich of a darke red colour, and the Bare alfo, but in fhape like Wheate or Barley, which maketh blacke bread, and ofs an ill tafie as Ainejitbeus told | Galen. The place and Time . The firft was anciently fowen in Greed, /fia and thet Eafi countries, and accounted by them to bee next in goodriefle unto the (inert Wheate , being a Winter Come: the (econd is fowen in many places of Italy and 1 France, and will abide in a moifi ground holding firme ’ the Winters injuries, yer profpereth beft in a more • fruitful! dry foile, and is a W inter Come fowen in Sep- > tember and OElober and reaped in July. The lafi is a Sum-1 mer Come grow ingin many places of Italy, &c. where but in want of L etter they make no bread of it. The Names. Tr is called in Grceke CUond^eia. i n Latine alfo Z which C,aza tranflateth Semen, taking it as it is likely \ from Pliny, who before him faid that Zea was Far\. or Adorcr.m, which wav called alfo Semen, as the mod • fingular Corne of any other. Thefccondis thought by manv to be the Zea of 7beophraftus and Qalen, but as I faid it is more likely to bee the Zea of T) iofeorides (Tor thefe two authors have in many things given names to Plants the one farrediff ring from the other as may bee | knowne by the Mandragores, the one fo farre differing from the other as though they had not lived in one and the fame countrey or rather in one and the lame world) and is therefore generally called by moft writers Zea dicoccos , and peradvenrure was the old Romanes Far and Ador , or femen Adoreum of the later Roman;- .and is now caHed Spelta .* the lafi is variably called by divers. For LMattbhlus calleth it Zea (implex and referrerb it to Diufcoridr his (econd Zea, which mofi do call rjtJovococ- - n arid is thought to be that Brizct of Cjalcn which he faw ifl the fields of Tbracia and Mac - >•.« tad tooke it to be T R t B S 12 . The Theater of Tlants. Chap. 4,5. 1125 - --— ____ _ — ** * o J O JL a a s° r a C iro e by r8 ^ C ^ and iS call £ he LoJe^JI theby ZW„ :t he ^French £•» Korn, the Italia*, Aim,,and in fome P Iac «13 ZvM nF, lom W'f V ¥'”> and the lad S. Peter, Kcr* a nd fuch a Come out of Italy a, ioufhal findeiUet u“a h r a - nd . ° y that name have 1 received y you man hnde it let downe at the end of the defcription ot the fecond fort of Bariev r*i r uL- rr - ■ The Vertttes. w£.“s a aair^aaaKar * 4 «»*«* Chap. IIH. TifhupveTriticum Tiphimtm. Light Wheate. “ p W “ h ^ fing1 ' e nd nendcr ftalke or ftra w,thecare is long and round, bearded with lorn? hard fharpe aunesi fomewhat clofely (et together.thc grainc is i'mall and light but hard and^f\ red? der colour then Wheate, inclofed in diver, chaffie hufkes hard to be be^ffiah i tf in a leane foyle and defireth not a ritch or fat ground as Zea dotn. 8 TnlicumTiphmm a/lerumfivcHijpanicum. Spam]!, Light Wheate ate difrereth from rhp fnr.*,,... Tipbg ’Dodenai & Tritium Tiphinum Hijpaviium< Dodonxm Jus Light Wheate and that of Spa we. *. i+l>rnnHm auerumfive i This other light Wheate differeth from the former in thele particulars,the (hikes are fhorter then Wheate and •tenderer, the eare is fmall and bearded, with Iong’and fliarpeaunes hkc Barley, theGraineor Corneis fome- What hke Wheate but leffer and yellower, and is in¬ clofed but in (ingle huskes ealie to be beaten out, which lhewcth it to be differing. The Place and Time. T 4 £ m , faith '•’“the firlt is mod fowen in the moun¬ tainous places of Alfatia and feldome in any other of the countries of Germany, and cfpecially becaufe their wildc Swine that will bee feeding upon and deftroying any o- ther Cornc will not touch this or very hardly, becaufe the fharpe aunes will pricke them, and if they fhould take much of it, it would quickly hurt them and often¬ times choake them : the other groweth in and in 1 ^gdunenfis faith,for it is often found a- T? g ?c" ary rCcde that i3 brou § Il t from thence, and b °i h Su , mmcr Comes,that is, fowen in the Spring and reaped in the end of Summer. P g _ The Names r - sGreek ? and r ¥ a in latine, but of our later writers T,pha cerealu and Triticum Tiphnum marifl 'ni y bce ., d, . ftln § uillacd ^ the other Tipha the' ^arifli plant called Reede Mace. The full is not knowne 1 any tn our Land but remembred by Dodo* £lls anc j m th ' rd f ° rt ? f Wheate -.L^Z ^ wa thatwhi^^n ^ e ‘ Ved ’ inking this Tipha that which the French men called CMeteil .and t hev of Ljcn, deU Mefcla (that is our Mailin 1 being a mixture of Wheate and Rie fowen together. ^ ° The Vertms. Jl?” fl ’!, Weth l tbatthe brcad that ''s made of 7 iphah aens f f 5 f e T h dcfi , rcd c° th b f coun tmy men and citi- £" * “* " h ° r ’ & ,s berter tbcn which is made then eam’n fr f ! FT t0 bc tw ,° or thrc = <%es old and ' / ir' >UU c -*ffts£S-a? T"*”? ;«-*• ■“* -taw. i. m mm Horfc, „ itta h- >. k L, faid i ,£ C H A r. v. Olya. Soft Wheate. | as 'y b “te,the at e e are°is IWpely bearttedlike’Barley whofcZines'or^ S * * hT cth a* great and high S huskesbkeunt0 ^.are being ctenfedlikeunto wreate ^rnes being inclofed in chafe The Place and Time. Ddddd *<&c. asalfoin France fovVcn in divers pkegs Hd6 Cm a p.5. Theatmm Fotantcutn. Tribe 12. 'S'es of Germany, and is a Summer Cornc as many chinke, yet faith hlmfclfe Olyra and Far Cltifimm are V/inter C ° rneS - The Names. O'hief. in Greeke is called Olyra alfo in Ratine, tran- flatcth it Siliio C which Pliny larch maketh the fweeteft hee altered it to Silito which maketh the hneft white bread) yet Tliny doth not fay that it is Siligo, although and/f«e/l,t« did ft ; thinke faith he can finde no fuch thing \nFhny- who Iaith it is the Ari „ c , 0 f t be Gaales being proper to their country. Dodonrm olleth k Amy learn frame*,™ from the Germane,Amelkern as s faidbefore, and thinkethit alfo to bee the FarHahea- ffr*»of Columella,zni not much to differ in any thing from {he OrL* Germamca otTragw, who called it alfo Far can- J X„ and Traam cereals, , thinking Tr«gm to bee a kind of dta«m,ma i when as it is but a kinde of mcate or pul- 5rl ‘ c{ Atea, Chondrm.&c. are.as fballbee n ge hemaftet I have rather called it Soft W hcate after the nbnde of Theophrafim who calleth it prMu moll,or, then Starch Come alter the Germane name. The VertHcs. It is lo nearc the propertic of Tifha as Galen faith that it is ‘oodneffe next unto W heate.and that the worU Olya , s eouali to the b&Tipb* alter the bread made of it is a day or two old, but elfe being eaten hot Ttpha is fame better then Olyra. PUny Iaith that of Olyra ,s made the ‘weeteft bread ; Helltmiiu declareth through all Tnrklf they much delight to eate hoc bread or cakes, and fume fop them in wine and fo C3 hS now (hewed you all the kinder of Wheate.let me i . Irmrvnu (althoughnot without tome trouble to myfdfe b " y u{h vS'e g and difeordance among the old y - m f of the leverall fons of meates, or pultages.and ^inkes made °^hcfe J^jU^^ewed'afcir Barley^which the ancients ufed for their g{'^J n ^ < ^ €C ' BeS formanyhundmdyeate^ whereof moft if not all ate quite exiled from ufenow adayes, and ■_ Chap. VI. Of Far. „ His word Fan is very variably underltood and applyed by th=.oU writers i for kinde of W hcate or Zea as fome take tt.as Oreweth m h , Scream veteres appeUavere, reckoning up the d,verities of W heate.f alga 1 of ^ lame Bo oke hce Iaith, I CfM siligo,Triiicm»M primes urn, comma*,a, and in t.he tent P ^ & ln other i ExArinca dulciffimu, pant,, ,pfa ffnfior ftam F & J J P . r heate as pI m themlelves as ( Fritfceum FarHordeauum, and ¥lwy Iaith ex j bJaltcarnaffeur Chap. Tribe 12 . Tb eTheaterofTlants . Chap. 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 . c*»». VII. Of Siligo. JHis alfo is diverfly underftood by the ancients, for firft it is taken for a kinde of Wheate as Pliny faith, ] /. 18 .cap. 9. Siligincmproprie dtxerim Tritici delicias conveniens traBibus humidis, and againe cap. t o.Si- j ligo nunyua matureficit pariter.&c.and Columella faith that after Fo6<«,which is chiefe'ly to he fowens m octJ the fccond fort faith he is Siligo,wl)ich is the chiefcft for bread :and in another place nameth Sil'm and Hordeum that they can endure vtrk tcforcs .Secondly it is taken for a faultie or degenerate W heare, as Columella faith, Omne triticumfolo ulignofio poft tertiamfationem vertiturtn Siliginem. ■ Thirdly it is taken for the fined flower of Wheate both by Pliny in divers places,by Celfus and luvenaH. By Pliny thus, lujlurn eft igrans Campania quam vacant caBratam, c modit redtrt fextarios quatutrr Siliginit. And in another place i Ptifana tuicm Siliginit/extarios quinque. Cclfiie faith Ex triticofirmijfima Siligo deindc ’Urmia, infirm tor expoUine, infirmijjtmm cibariut fault : where note that ’Pollen is here taken by him to be a courfer fort of flower then Simi/a , as Ctca- rint panit is laid to be the worft,and luvenaH in his Saty rs faith, Scd tamcn ctr niveus mollique Siligmc faUus Scrvatur domino. Chap. V 11 1 Of Crimnon. *Ee finde much dlverfitie recorded of Crimnon, firft that as fijdlin faith it was wont anciently to be made "c of wheate, as Altca or Cboudnu was of Zea: then that (firimnon of the Grarcians, and Smnlaox Simi- ; lago of the Latines is the courfer mealc of the husked graine called Far whereof they made their pultage; ' againe Diofcoridet faith lib.i.c. 83. and 84. that Crimnon is the courier meale of Zea, and of white Wheate,as alfo of Olyra. It (faith he) nourifheth much, but it is (hardly made (ome readc, but others ) hardly digefted,and it bindeth very powerfully, efpecially if the Zca whereof it is made be firft parched. Chap. IX. Of ChondrHs or silica, OrdfO- of the Grarcians feemeth to take the name quafigranum for the excellence, and Halica or All. ca of the Latins, ah alendo from nourilhing.for all authors have fo tranflated Chondrus, (although ts£cU ncta maketh Chondrut & Alica to be two fevcrall forts,but he is contradiffed by all Latine writers -'Ac isdiverllyalfounderftoodby the old writers; firft for a kind of graine, as Pliny in reckoning up’the kindcs of former Comes nameth Millet, Panick_, Lentills, Cictrs, AlPa, and Galen frimo almento. rum faith Alicxex gcnetc tritici eft, and Paulus oAlgineta faith Chondrut ii like unto Wheate but more glutinous- hut moieufually for the moll excellent meate or pultagethat wasufed inthofe times: Diofcondt, ; a ich Halica it made o^Zea called dicoccos, Galen , Paulut eAsgmcta and tZltiuf fticw in many places of their workes that it was made alfo of Wheate,and other forts of Corne : but that Far and Halica were different forts of meate is flicwed (ufficiently by Phr.y and others, for Pliny faith ii£.l8. caf. 8. Alittd ejfie Zcam e qua fit Altca , alittd verts Far, and in the Chapter before, the old Romanes lived oncly of Far made of Wheate 300. yeares, andin the 21 Booke and 25 Chapter he faith that Halica was a meate lately knowne, aaid as he thinketh not in iife-before the time of Pompeius magnus. The manner of making it Pliny fetteth downe lib, 18 .cap. 1,, Alica faith lice is made of Zea firft fteeped in water, then beaten in a woodden morter, tor a done morter would breake it too much: the beft ismadeby the painefull labour of thofe that were bound to their peftell (yetthcchicfe men had one oflron) the huske being beaten offic was agiine beaten in the fame manner,that the naked graine might lie broken, and is of three forts, the frr.allcit, the fecondand the greatcft,yet faith heit had not the whiteneffe that commended it untill Chalkc were put to it.which gave it colour and tenderne(Tc,and afterwards a fourth part of Gypfumfn here¬ of it feemeth that Ptoyhimfclfe feemeth to wonder they (hould added_)bat it is likely they were walked away before they were ufed as Galen (heweth, that their brothes muft bee heedcfully .obferved to bee made of Alica being wafticd. Diofcoridet, Galen and Pliny doc much commend the good nouriftiment it maketh ; for faith ’PS., ny, no man doubteth but that it is exceeding profitable, whether icbee taken wafhed with Medeor boyledin broths (which Galen ciWethChondroptifana) or pottage, and that if the old Grecians had knowne ic, they would not have written fo much in praife of Ptifiana.Diofcorides faith it nourifheth more then Rice Sc bindeth more alfo and is mo re profitable to the ftomacke : beingboyled in V inegar and applyed it helpeth the Leprofic,takerh away theruggedneffeof the nailes, and is hclpefub in the beginning of a Fiftula in the eye,the decodtion thereof ea ft rh their paines that have a Laske or the blooddy flux. Chap. X. Of Atbera. lofcorides faith that uAthcra is made of Zca finely ground, but is made into a kinde of Tupping like li¬ quid pappe.and given to Infants, and is aifo ufed in pulteffes to be applyed outwardly. Rut tlvre be fonie authors that affirmeit was made alfoofWhcite,0/yruand ZmylumAni thereupon hive fetitdown that the Booke Binders pads is this Atbera, * v . ■ »du. m 3 Csi a p. 11,12,15, Tkeatrum ‘Botanicum. Tr I B E 12 Chap. XI. Of Tragus. His alfo hath heene diverfly interpreted by writers,tome taking it forakinde ofgraine by it felfe.name- j 1 V the Triticumlucidam as isfaidbefore, bccauie Diofcorides (eemeth to lay it cametha (hew of the ’ oraine Alicd, and herein Gatos all'o fotioweih him, but in (lead of eym* of Dwjcmdrt hee hath am Sta . when as Alice, as I (hewed you before, is- not properly a graine by itfelfe but is made of Come : and f;, h ; m ielfe in the faid Booke prime Mime,, t. laith that Trapse is a thing made, and like unto Alsca ot the btft Ohr tasted as it ought to be,then boyled in water, which being poured away, eyther (weete wine or homed Jter was pur to it,and Pine kernells fleeced in water unt.ll they were much fwollenihe J.kew.fe fa«h 1 st. s.Hp. I rat lift ir.morbU aensis. P ufar.amigit.st refl'e praferrifrsememaceuedal^,pan,fc,l,cet,cherJro & Zexex qaafis ' ,dp/ U 6 ,}Ua»7 Extremes Trap* *,,!*** amfieiesaU vsAgatee rates, ef. And againe, Smelt m* ex rMi^Tratmfinx Campari* stsemmxat & ^gfpto. Catfmm Baffismm m Geopomci, h/s , cap 13 -faith it j- e - 0 f the “wheats of Alexandria, which by molt authors is Olya (for it there groweth heftJfteeped and husked and drved in the-Sunne often untill it were deane from,the (hales: whereby wee may plainely fee that aU forts of -raine were husked.and (o ordered into divers manners ot meate,and called by divers names according to the graine or coontre : it ,s hard otdigefliem-is feme reade, or as o.hers, it ishardly made, and dothloofen the belly more. __ ___—--- -- Chip. XII. . Of fHis was made as Diofcoides (heweth ofSummer Wheate, and alfo of Z«,(treeped three dayes and 1 ights till it be foft and tender,the water then powjred gently from it, and other tnfh water to bee ! powred on it,and then troder. with the feete till all the courfe fauskes be deane taken away,by letting ; 2 J£ 5 & the finer part pafle through 4 Sivc, which then being dryed in the m°ft hot iecrching Sun is fa kept to b" uit'd ' Cato {hewevh that it was made of Sibgo, Ph»y faith of all forts of W heate as wdl as of tpbeff 0 ^^ mrn er vksts^ictehi^be^g^imk^itftayctllthe^jiitting of blocMlbe^ -a otrt fnto mX and tt“n hhdpeth the rouuhneife or hoarienelfe of the throate. faith he is made alfo ofzea (audio faith C«* alfo,and of Wheate faith ?(>»;) ftcepedand wa(hed as is above (aid : but la.th he it hath na ule-w-Wryfickeibut we ufe it otcen fo r coughes and in defluaions. ___ - - - piiftP. Xlii- Secale. Rie. , ... , „ „ ,nf. fort there is two other retr.embred, the one by F this kinde ofgraine hefldes the common knowne , _frnrh'nnHerParH r-raesu, Dedova, and Usgdanenf;, the other by Baubsrssx as you fhall prelently underhand. Steals •vulpati.es . Common Rie. ... , . t- , ■ „u ,1,,.,-numriesiottfiisLand and tothcconntrey peoplein teach them ttaewchehey km, w y/lilavo Scca inch Burnt Rie, 1. SeCiiLczvIgatitii. Common Rie. Tr i b K II, The Theater of T(antu Char, 14 ij2 a better than I. thftt is, that it firft fpringeth up fomewhat reddifh, which afterwards groweth greene, and bringeth forth divers jointed dalke6, fomeWhat higher than Wheate, bearing at their toppes fmaller cares than Wheatc, fet in iliort rowes, with fliortcr and (harper, rougher,and more prickly awncs: the graine within being fmaller and !ancker,and blacker than Wheate,and is not wrapped in huskes like Wheate, buteafily fallling of it feife out eftheearevvhen itis ripe: while it flovvreth the care (landeth upright and being neare ripening it bloweth it downe: the rootes are many, but not fothickebuQiing as Wheate, nor confumingthe fertilitic of the foylefo foone as Wheate. 1 . Secale sjlivum feu minus. Small or Summer Rye. This other Rye groWcrh lower with fewer (hikes, a fliorter and leffer eare, yet armed with awnes as tfceo- ther but fewer; the graine or corr.e alfo is leffer, and is lowne in the Spring onely, and herein confided! the dif¬ ference. 5, Secalelatifolwm. Rye with great leaves This Rie hath whiter Rallies then others, round alfo and braked, the leaves that are fet at the joynts are much larger then the common fort, being a cubic long and an inch broad, fomewhat lharpeor rough about-he edges" like the o! dinary Rie: the care at the roppe is large and great, fet with flaarpe long aw nes,and as it were dented like the vulgar a full hand breadth, the graine within is alfo like unto Rie, blackifli but greater then it, being al- moll:like Wheate : the roote likewife bufhechlike therooteof Wheatc. The 7 ' lace and 'lime. The firflis generally fowen in all chefe Northeine regions and more in Denmark:, andthofe more Northerly parts then elle where, their climate not ferving to well for Wheate, and fownein Ottoier and Bljvemker, and chcfccond in onely,and are all ripe in Augufi ntaMy : the laftis brought out of die Ead countries,’and Bauhinitt faith he had onely the leaves and the Eare out of, Signer Contarino hi s Garden. The Blames t This hath not found as yet any Grceke Eacher to name it, but is generally called in Latine Secale of Pliny, and is his Farrago alfo, yet Farrago is in many places of him, Varro, Colamella, and others, taken for a greene fodder for cattcl 1 , as P/wyffieweth how to make a Farrago of Wheatc, Columella of Early. Varro faith, Farrago was fo called,either na odfarferro caCumfuit, am cjuodpnmnm a Farris fegete Farrago fen captafnit :but the true Far¬ e'S 0 is underdo.d by the bed Authors now adayes to be no other tilings than Barly Tragus and fome others tool.e it to bed' ihgo ; Cordu , on 'Diofccide, to be Olyra ; fome others to be the Tipi,a of Thnphrafhu, which for didined ion fake is called Typa cercalis, and becaule ch e'Dmch call it Rogghe, therefore D odonstts maketh a Latine name of it, and calleth it Rogga: Beth in our countrie, and in others, they have a cuttome to fow Rye and Wheate - neare ofequall parts in their fields,which they callMaflin.as well in the fields,as in the mea’leithe French Metcil & d» Mafic, as 1 laid before, tjuaf Mifcelaneafeges ; and the country people and meaner fort with us make it their ufuall bread come, being better than deane Rye, and worfe than W heate. The firfl is remembred by all Authors- the (econd, both by Tragus, who calleth it Siligo afliva, Dodonats Secale sfllvum, Lttgduncnfs Scale alteram, and Banhinm Secale venum vel minus \ the lad is mentioned onely by Bauhinus, who calleth k Secale lot,folium, and faith he had it out ofthe noble Contarcno his Garden, a Magnifier of Venice. The Italians call it Sr gale ■ the .Spaniard, C.er.tcno ■ the French Sale, and Segale : the Germane, Rocken, and the Dutch, as I laid, Rogghe, and we ill Snghjb Rye, The Venues, Rye is of a more clammy fiibftance than Wheate, and neither is digefted fo quickly, nornouriflieth fowell,, j’et ic is accounted to be next in goodneffe unto Wheate, elpecially if the corne be fweete and good, and the bread well fermented and baked, and givethafoli'deandfirmenonrifhmentto the body. The medicinable qualities are, it i, more digeding than W heate, the bread and the leaven thereof ripeneth and bi eaketh empodmnes, biles, and other lores with more fpeede. The meale of Rye put betweene a double cloth, and moidened with a little vine¬ gar, and heated in a pewter-dllh, fet over a chaftingdifir of quicke coales, and bound fad to the head, while it 1 cepecli heate in it, doth much eafe the continuall paines of the head : the afhes of Rye draw put into water, and fc ff'ered therein a day or a night, and the cliappes of the hands or feete wafhed therewith, doth heale them, faith MauhioUh. Ch a >. xuir. Hordcttm, Barly. E have two or three forts of Early growing with us in fundry parts of the land, which Imtaneher? to Drew unto you, and with them one other not fowell knowne unto us. I. Hordettm diflichnm. Bcare Barly or d-.um minus, and by Columella Hordettm CjaLttcum y as I thinke, or elfe the fmaller fort of this kinde, becaufe itis whiter: 1 he third Lobel faith is leafonable frequent inthis Land, hemeancth in the Wed parts where his i hiefe refidence wa> in his former dayes,for it is fcarfe fecne or knowne in the parts about London,Tragus calleth it Hordettm ma]M. Ctardus hyemale ; and others polyfiichurn-, the lad is called by Lobel Hordeum polyftichum vernum y Ik is mod likely to be rHat w liich Galen calleth Gymnocritbon y that is Hordeum nudum,by which name 1 had it from a friend,and may be ahu the Cantherinum of Columella, which hee faith, the country men called hexaftichum : wee have a fmall kinde of gx aine brought from Germany to our Drugids in great quantitie, termed French Barly, and is probable to be this Barly, which Cordtu f?ith, was fird fent them out of Italy, having fixe rowes in the cares, and not much unlike Wheate, but leffer. Cordus hath let downe more forts hereof, which I thinke fit to Anew V'ouherejthetwo forts of Barly Diftichon and H(xaftichon y this of fixe rowes,that of two in the eare,faith is common with us,fol,qi.in Diofcord.yct that which hath but two rowes in the care, maketha recompence inthe i oote by the greater number of dalkcs that rife from thence, for faith he,I have rumbred fixtie fialkes and above rifing from the roote of one come, but it ufually hath t wen tic, thirty, and foitic ftalkes 3 tut befidcs thefe two. Tribe 12. The Theater of Plants, C HAP. I 5 - 11 iaich he, they have in tjermanj foure other forts: the firft hathThewfeitTh'caviefl nf all thc ~ relf, and called by the country men otHaffia Anditchi , the fecoftd beareth a litde SmaUcrPra.ne f nd hath fewer rowes, and is a Semeftre, and is therefore called by the Germans mnter-gerfte, that is, winter- Early • the third isfownc in the Sp tng.and lsnpein Summer, and therefore they call it S«mme r -r e rfl, that is SunmierVrlv ■ the fourth may properly be called, laith he Trrmiftre, becaufeit is earlv and rutri~ .e V a ,} y . fowne .. this 4 call ^ Gerfien, and Zeytffle, or as the 2, YYe forth^ p'efent: they low it either three dayes before, or three dayes after Pemecofi ;Thus much Cordm Yhe.ri>«- b T: S f M tr T‘° f r r ?T! ° r ™> Che S f“ ,mards C' vad * ; rh ihc Dutch Gerfie and Sovcrion, as Label faith; and we in Pag/i/lfc Barly. “ ‘ ‘ The Vert ties. Early and Wheate are theprime'graines of all others, and the moll profitable and ufeful for mans life both for nieate, drtnke, and medecine, all the relf being as it were but degenerated from them, and partaking of the one or other of the natures and qualities of them ; yea Barly may feeme to contend with Wheate for priori ie wdl as ufe, for although Wheate be theflaffeof our life fbr bread now adayes in our Purepe, yet ft was not fo With the anrient /frWaar in the Levant , and other of thofe parts of the world now,where Barly holdeth a fur tljtrexrent that Wheate ; but this place will not permit that ample difconrfe might be faid of it- & howfoe ver we' acknowledge according as theantients have recorded of it.thatitnourifheth leffe than Wheate, becaufeit ill drier gramc.yet befides the medicinall qualities in it, it makerh more wholfome drinke for our bodies,thru what can be made of Wheate alone,which is too fweete.and too much fluffing the body with humours and puffing Y in with loofeipungious fat nd flrih, making them that ufc it unweldy and unfit to follow their nece(Caft1ir«1 hut hereor enough for this p'ace. Barly in all the parts and compofitions thereof, except Mault is more era ffiU than Wheate, and a little cleanltng, being in the firll degree of fooling and drying: iprovokYhYIne nh TUofcertaes, , t breedeth w.ndmeiTe and is adverie to the (lomacke; but all the preparations thefelf as Barl’v wa ter, or creame /l/dM drtnke, or thofe other things made thereof, doe give great nourifhmenr rn marilrL „ n rl heflickc anddifeafed perfons, or troubled with feaversor agues, andheates m theftomacke &c andmanvof them have heene, and llill arc received for good nourifhment to the healthfull: the preparations asthevt/erc anciently ufed and thofe that are nowinufe withus.l mcane to fpeake hereafrer feverV . lonely meaneto (hew you here how it is otherwife uled. A pultis made of Barly-mealc or flower boyled with Vinfflr aid honv and a few dne fees put to them dtffolveth all hard Impoffi.mes, and affwageth inflammations blinglpphed • • nd being boned with Melilor and Camomill-flowers; and fome Linfeedc, Fenugreeke, and Ruem pofvder° and apphed wArme, “ r, th Che p,1 " eSthC Mes and ftomad ‘ e > =“'d the windmefle of the fpleene • the Y«le of Barly and Pfjllutm Flea-wort boiled in water made into a pultis, with hony and oyle of Lillies applied wa. me, cureth tumors under the cares, throate, necke, and fucli like place,: a n'ailfer m/rtr I T ■’ “ Waxe and Oyle, helpeth the hard fwellings of the throate,called the Kings Evil ffioyled with ffiarra vinegarffi’ oa pultis, and laid on hot, helpeth the leprofie : being boyled in Red-wine with PoYcgranaie-rinfc and § Mir" ciIm, ftaicth th.-laske or other fluxe of the belly -.boyled with Vinegar and a Quince, ireafeih rhrhninait,,. t the gout tbariy-flower, white Salt, Bony, and Vinegar mingled together, is ufed by divers to take afvav the itch Ipeedily and certamely : the water diddled from the greene Barly in the end of Afly, is vei y good for thofe that have defluxions in the eyes, to (lay the humours, and to eafe the paines being dropped intodfem Y w hYY tnead laid to Ifeepe therein, and bound thereto : if Barly halfe fodden be given to Hennes tl-ar harrllvY’cYu " la v Egges, it w ill caufc them to lay both greater and more often. ’ ‘ hardly 0r reldome Now 1 am come to fhc w ycu both what hath becne in former times made of Baifv as whar is nOrlml,,-™ A SSteSSS *» J ‘>“ » **-** ro~i«. sKSSuSSSKTS Chap. XV. Of Polenta, h , 0 f Ro h F h 7 r, be ca o d P arcll u ed , Bar !y ) was antlcn ‘Iy made after divers manners, for Pliny In ^ S# h.s 1 s, Booke and 7 . Chapter, flaeweth that fome Grecians ufed to make it as well ofgreenc Barl/ta? M ot \ be “ rc before >t was ripe, fieepedm water, and after beaten in a Moi ter, and wafhed in iiSskctS tO t^kc 2'iV2V file lin-.l/PC fhpn Hriprl in Qiinnp n-iz-f . J. n ■ ■ , Baskets to take away tile hu-kes, then dried in the Sunne, and afterwards (ieeeped and beaten aaaine r a lY W f T - h r OL p y C C r ’ r ^ en dncd and ground (mall, unto twentie pound wheleof howfoever made’ Zr : \ s T f f‘h feede ’ an f f ° rian c er le ' dc - ot cadl one pound and 3 halfe > and ab °« two ounces of fair, all bein» wc, bruifed they mingled together. The Italians made it of parched Barly, without any moitlenin" ™imS lmall, and thofe things added thereunto aforefaid, and fome Millet feede alfo. Other grecans i fabTlif made it of Barly moiflened for a night,and then dried it,and parched or fryed it the next dav and rhrn or™ a G alen com mendeth that moft that w^as made offrelh E’arly/before it w « 1 hr ough 1 y rffie,^ / f Y neS j df fb an d bjt 1 , nd,ffere , ntl >' P arcllcd . ar >d addeth nothing eife unto it Sundry Nations did ufeffiis Pa Ta , - ft ° j r “?’ and n L amely tlle C Jr o,s ’ who although they had Wheate growing with them vet mod ufed this. This drieth more than Barly it lelfe, and bindeth the belly, being drunke^ with red wine, andlllaveth inflammations; and drunke with water it qupneheth thtrll it was often eaten with a little n-w wine orfod den wme put unto i: as every one liked. ' iureu.wwine,orlod- VJ n 32 Chap. 16,17,18. Theatrum Botanicum. Tribe 12* Chap. XVI. Afaza, B Aza is but Polenta, parched Barly moyftencd wirh fome liquor, as every one thought meete, forfom® ufed nothing but Water, others put to it both water and oyle together, as Hefjchiw faith, and ionic as Hippocrates (heweth, did put (weete wine to it: and fome put honey alfo: (j alert deda-reth that of it felfe doth hardlier digeft in the iiomacke, and doth trouble the telly with winde, if it a- bide long therein, but it doth the fooner paile downe if it be much turned, and honey be put to'it* Chap. XVII, Of P tif ana. Tifana the mod prayfed and prayfe-worthy drinke, flipping or puitage (call ithow you will) was ufed anciently to be made of divers forts of graine, and not altogether of Early, for they had their Chondro P tifana made oiZea,fyriuaPtifana made of Wheate, and Pliny faith that Italy which was ’ abounding in Rice, made P tif ana thereof, which others made of Barly, and Galen alfo fiieweth it was made ofPulfe , for henameth Phacoptifana that is made of Lentills, but Ptifana (imply with¬ out any other addition, is alwayesunderftoodot Barley, onely husked for the excellency thereof. The manner of makin < » it is fee downe by divers authors,as Pliny,Galen,Djdimut, and others,but becaufe Hippocrates, who is accounted the Prince of Phyfitions, wrote a whole Treatife fn prayfe thereof, I will here (et downe his words of making it fit for meate or medicine. Take, faith, he of the bed Barley, and moyden it with water, let it (o red for ,. or 4. hourcs, then put it into a courfe bagge, and bcate it with a mallet or pedcllof wood, uifcill it have cad off thcliuskes, which then being wa(hed, to rake them away, dried in theSunne, aud keepeittoufeasoc- cafion lerveth as Polenta ; bur to make it Ptifana ■ it is to be boyled gently in water untill it breake, and thar the liquor be thicke like creame, which then islenifying fweete and Iubricke or flippery.and being moderately li¬ quid, quencheth third, it hath no adriffion, nor moveth perturbations, nor fwellcth in theflomaclte, for all the (welling is tookeaway in theboyling, it dicketh not in the bread ordomacke, but by the lubricitie iseafily di- geded and quencheth third,by the moidening qualitie: thefe properties, faith Galen, recorded by Hipocrates, are available, Doth for the ficke and for the found : ‘Diofcoridct further addeth; the creame otTiif«na,by ica- fon of theboyling, yceldcth more nourifhment than Polenta chat is made of Barly, and is profirablttohelpethe fharpendTcandroughncIVeof thethroatc, and all exulcerations. This was the manner of the ancients P tif ana, for rheir manner of making and ufing ; but our Phyfitions in thefe times rife onely Early husked and boyled in water, and then beaten and drained,putting fome blanched Allmonds or Pompion fee de,or other cold feedes bea¬ ten, and drained with fome Sugar and Role water; and thisis their mod uluall Tifane or Barly creame. Some appoint Barly to be leffe fodden.whichis called Barly-water.and therewith is made cither Tifane dtinkes by ad¬ ding Licoris, Raifons of the Sunne, Maidenhaire, or the like, for fnch as are troubled with coughes, fhortenfle of breath, &c. or elfewith Almonds or cold feedes, make it into an Almond milke, with Super and Rofewater, orgiventohefticke or tnacilent and weake bodies: the Barly water alone,or made into a Ju'ip with Syrope of Violet, or Lemonds, or the like, is a fit drinke for thofe that have hot or burning leaver on them, or are other- wife diQcmpered with heate, or ufed with fome pefforall Syrupes for the cough, fhortneffe of winde, hoarle- nefic, or the like. There yet remaineth Zytbttm , and Cttrmi of the ancients to be fpoktn of, and both,a6 Diofcori. des faith made of Barly, whichbecaufe wee fuppofe in thefe dayes, they did point to cur Ale and Bearc, which are made with Mault, the fubflantial! part of the driukes; 1 thinke meetc firil tofpeakeof Mault. Chap; XVIII. Bynefve Maltnm, Mault. or , e ]y ufed this word Byne which by all is referred to Mault,and asthe by manner of making fee downebyhimisfliewedplainely : Ma/tam is a word made Latine from the Cftrmens Mamhmi ollr sellr, both fignityingone thing, that is, that manner of prepared Daily, as is fit therewith af- terwards to ferve to their ufe.that would make of it either AlcorBeare : the manner of making is as I take it in all countries alike without difference, and fo well knowne to all that it is in a manner nccdelefle for me to let it downe, thereby to enformeany that having fpent their time wholly thercen as being their profeflion, can tell better how to enforme me, but as in all the rclt ofihis Worke, my endeavours are to enforme & fliew thofe that not knowing wil not reftife to hearc and under (land,and thus it is Early is laid in wa¬ ter to foakc for two or three dayes andnights, which being lwollen in thar time, the water is drained from it, and is afterwardes ipread equally on the fl lore of a garner, or inch like placethat isclofc, about Iialfc a foote rhteke, and covered with clothes or other things warme, untlll it begimie to fproute ready as it were to grew, (which will be pci .ormed within two or three dayes, if the weather be warme, or not very told, orclfe it will lye longer then doe they turnc it before it grow too hot,two or three times a day fot a wteke or icmic dayes, both tocooleand codrieit, then doc they bring it to the kill, and theie diy it throne hly with fire madeofiiraw, or other Inch like lighrituffe, to caufe irto have the fweeter rclifli, for being dried with havens or wood,the mault will taile bitter of the fmoake andis foone perceived in tl-.e drinke, which will taliebittteF. This mault before % TrI BEI2, The Theater of Tlantu Cm a p. 1920 1133 before it can be ufed, is to be ground a little, and then ferveth it for the Brewer to life. If Mault being ground, be fried and applied in a bagge, or double cloth hot to the Tides or belly, pained with (fitches or gripings, occafioned by cold or winde, it giveth much eafe and helpe, and being made intoapiftis, affwageth tumors and fwel- lings. Chan XIX. Of Zytbttm, ^Htopbmjtxs and Mofcoridei onely, and no other authors before them, that I can finde.have made mention of Zythnm, what it is, Or whereofit was made, and yet they are fo (hort therein, thac we rather underftand this by others relation, which thing (heweth it was fo common a drinke there in thofe places ofGrecce, &c. thatthey thought it not worth their labour further to ex¬ plane it,even as Pifcorides hath done the like with many herbes that were molt common in thole times,for he onely faith it is a drinke made of Barly and no more: ‘Piodorm Siculus faith that is a drinke made of Barly,and wasufed in Galatia where was neither wine nor oyle : Pliny after him hath a little further explained it by faying,Of (undry forts of Graine drink is ufed to be made,as Zythnm in Egypt, Cilia and (farea in Spaine (which as it is likely was fo in Pltny his time, and that before their planting of Vines there which hath generally now banifhed that Barly broth, they now drinking eythcr faire water aloneerwith a little Sugar, or to their water put more or leife wine as they delire to drinke it) Cereviji a and other kindesof drinkes in Gallia, and other countries,thus faith Pliny : Now the generall Tenet of our times is that it is the fame drinke which wc now call Beere or Ale, or but varied according to the manner of the countrey where it is made, andaccordingtothegoodnefl'c, quantitie and diverfitie of the graine whereof it is made, and alfoofthe water: for firft for the water, it is well knowne that there is no Beere can bee made in the low countries by reafonof their brackifli water, but will talk thereof, and be farre inferiOur to that is made in EngUndpnb againe it is ob- fervedby many.thatthe water of our River of Thames about London doth make better andflronger drinke f kee¬ ping equall propoi tion in all things) then that whichls made of other Spring or River water elfe whereand for the goodnefle of the graine and the welt ordering and making it into Mault, it is well knowne alio to make the drinke better or woiie ftronger or weaker; the diverfities of graine aifo caufeth diverfitic of drinke : for if it fhould be made of Wheate alone it would be too thicke, too fweete and fulfome as I faid before, or of Oates alone it would be too poare and thimand for the quantitie that is all in all to make it mightie & durable,even two or three yearcs, or poore and weake not to Ialle a moneth. But Petrut BeSonim in his (econd booke of obferva- tions and 98. Chapter is of opinion that this 'Lythnm ofthe ancient Grecians fs the fame drinkethat the Latines called Pofca or Pttfca, wherof Columella,Serapio and Avicen alfo make mention: but differeth as hee faith from Cerevijia Ale, becaufe it is white like milke, thicke and of a good nourifhment.and fuming into the head caufing drunkenneffe if it bee too largely taken : and this kinde of drinke faith hee is ulually fould in all the cities of Sofia in the tappe houfes appointed for it, and generally called with them Chouffet ; and to (Irengthen hisopinioual- ledgcth the place in Suetonius p where hee relateththat Cefart bondman that fled from him,was found at Capua felling Pofca in a tappe houfe, and therefore that Pofca could not bee Oxycratttm (which is Vinegar and water) but this Zythumfmt Scahger i n his annotations upon Bdlonius as they are extant in ClnRus his Sxotkkj, fheweth his manifold errours in this his fo faying : the manner of making this Chouffet of the Turkes I thinkenot amiffe brecftly here to fee downejthat you may fee the differences of the compofitions of drinkes in feverall places. It is made faith he of meale made into palte and boyled in a great Caudron,and then being made into fmallballes is calf into water, which will prefentlyboyleupof it fclfe and grow hoc without the helpe of any fire, and be¬ come a kinde of thicke drinke: The fpume or yeft thereof, faith he, is white and light, wherewith the Turkijh women ufe to annoint rhemfelves, efpecially when they are in bathing, making the rough skinr.e finoothand delicate, and this facultie the ancients attributed unto Zythum : and further Diofcorides faith, Z ythum provokerh Vrinebur httrteth the reinesand thefinewes, efpecially the tunicles that cover the braine, itbreedeth windineffe malteth ill blood and humors,and engendreth the falling fickneffe. Chap. XX. OfCurmi. His like wife hath no further relation or explanation from Diofcorides, then that it is alfo a drinke made of Barly and was often ufed fordrinke.noryctby further then as is (hewed before,that Cerevifa was made in Gallia and other kindes in other countries. We therefore in thefe times re- ferre this Curmi to our Ale as wee did formerly Z ythum unto Beere, and withall let me (hew you chat Ale was the mod ancient drinke was made in this Land, whereof the Wclfhffurw (which is Al* with them in their Language) hathafhew of neare correfpondtnce to Curmi, and thac our good Ale was better knowne to other nations by the word then by the forme or tafle . but with us became a pro- verbe.that it would make one have a rich face and nofe (meaning by the red pimples it would raife on their faces and nofes that did ufe to [land to itand drinke it (loutly) yet* (hanger both feeing it and raffing it herein Eng. /Wgavchis verdifb thereon in thefe words. Nihil ffiffiusdumbibitur, nihil clarius dum mingitur, undcconftaS multas feces in ventre relrtjuit. But Cercvijia which we more properly transferre to Ale is as it feemeth by Pliny,& word well knowne before his time,and more proper to Gaule or France then to Italy, as the matter it felfe alfo was.and which from them as it is likely hath beene transferred to us. This old Englijb drinke hath loll much of his reputation lince thac Bitra Beere came inafe.and nothing lo much defired as formerly it was, partly becaufe JIM ChAPi2!i Theatrum Botanicum* Tribe 12. our Ale in mod places of this Land now adayes is not fo well boyled to make it cleaneand cleare drinke, being fo muddy fweet & P fulfome,that many loath it,at lead refute it for that caufc.and in efpeciall bccaufe Beere is a cltarec drinke and of better rellifh by the boy ling, but chicfely that the hoppes make it more durable without fo W rmg, leP'e fulfome and much more wholfome. It remaineth now that I fhould fhew you the properties of Beere ami Ale for medecine what difeafes they will helpe and what cures they will performe. The grames, that is, the Mault that is left after the drinke is drained therefrom,befides the fodder it yeldeth for all Cattle or Fullanc, are offineular "ood ufe for thofethat are troubled with lamerefle in their Legs ° r Feete,through cold or evill hu¬ mors fallen^nto them,or by the (hrinking and paines in their finewes or joynts, if they fet their Legs up to the knees into a Barrell or Firkin filled with thefegraines while they are hot,or heated agame if they be cold,which willbv ufine three or fourc times as occafion tequireth,abate both fwellmgs and painers and redore the joynts and finewes to their proper flrength. Strong or good Alefodden fo thicke,that as hony it may be fpread like a falvc, and applycJ warme to the necke or throate troubled with the Kings Evill giveth much cafe; and fundry by the ule thereof have alfo found much comfort for their finewes and joynts that have had much paine and wcakeneffe in them ■ the Yeah of Ale i'erveth our white Bakers of London in dead of Leaven, to caufc their bread to rife as I even doth which elfe would be fad and heivie unfit to bee eaten : Of good Ale likewifc diddled with other herbes,(cedes,lpice, as of Balme,Angellica,Ane!Tecdcs,&c. and divers other the like ismadean cxcellentgcod jiauttite as they call it,or drong Balire water.&c.bntof the dregs of Ale or Beere diddled the vulgar fort of A L, vtU is made. The properties of Beere and Ale are very like, and therefore whatfoever is (aid of the one may very well be referred to the other, For ol them is made Diet Beere or Ale, by putting in Spices or purging things,according as the patients difeafe tequireth,and as the Phydtians can appoint. Chap. XXI. Avena. Oates. wKerc are onely two forts of Oates that may judly challenge any phee among the Graines or “ Cornes which are the ordinary fowen field Oates, and the naked Oates, for the wild Oates are mod truly reckoned among the Grades. 1. Avmn z’cfca. Manured Oates. The ordinary Oates groweth up with divers tall j'oynted ftalkes and leaves fomewhit refern- bling Wheatc, bearing atthetoppesa large fpread tuft of many pointed aglets, hanging downc like fmall winged birds from final! thread-like dajkes.withfn every one of which huskes lyeth a fmall and long round graine,Lome what like unto Rie,but longer and more pointed: the rootc is lmall and tfiteady. 1 . Avena-je[ci, Manured Oates, 2 . Atunawia. Naked Oates. The T beater of 'Plants. Chap. 22- 1135 :by doehelpethe laskcof the belly, yetis y faith the Germxnes lived thereon which is Tri bk 12. *;■ jivenannda. Naked Qat;s. ( , . 'The Naked Oates grow in all points like the former,having that the graine being fomewhat fmailer and whi- tcrdyeth not fo fail enclofed in thehuskes,but is very cafily robbed out with ones hand. The Place and Time. They art both fowen in our fields in fundry places, yet the naked Oates nothing fo frequent,and doe love ra¬ ther a maid cold ground then either hot or dry, andareufuallythefirfHeede is fowen upon thefe grounds that were woods and (locked up, they are Sommet comes,that is,fowen in the Spring and mowen in Autumne. The Names. It is called in Greeke arid &■»(*©■, and in l.atine tAvena peradventure fay fome it may come of fplya, qnodcibum /f™i/irar,becaufe as P/iiplaiththe people of Germany lived hereof: but I am no Pythagorean to beleeve tranfmigmtio animarum, nor ofTheophrafim or of Pliny his beleefe.that Oates are made of Zeals Theophrajlm faith, or that Barly is changed into Oates as Pliny faith, but it is vyonderfull that fo great learned men in naturall Philofopbie fhould be carried away with fuch llrange and erronious opinionstbut thefe and many more the like were too frequent with mod of the old writers, as is plainelyfeene in many places of their workes. For how- foever there is a /»/>« natara many times, and in many things and plants, as by over aboundancc or by defeftor lacke of the juft parts, yet that any one tranfmutation of one fpecies in plants fhouldbe into another,I never faw nor can beleeve any can (lrew,naturally fogrowing other thencafually as before faid, unleffe as God of Hones can make bread and of water wine,it come miraculoufly,which if it fhould fo happen fupernaturally it,muft not be accounted any law or courfe in nature: but of this enough here, I have fpoken elfe where fomewhat more to thiseffedf. All authors that have written of thefe twograines, doe fo little vary theirtitlesof them thatthey may eafiiy be knowne: the Arabians call it Chart all ,the Italians Vena, the Spaniards eAv'ena and Aveit, the French Avoine^bc Germanes Habern.thz Dntch Haver , and we in Englijh Oates and Haver alio. The Verities. Oates as Cjalcn faith are fomewhat cold and drying withall, and thereby it temperate and nourifheth little,like urn o Barly faith Galen t but Tliny fa very true, for to this day they doe fo in many places,and even in fome countries with us alfo, a sLincohteJhire* LancaJhire,eVc. they make it not onely their bread corne qr make cakes,&c. thereof, but they make it alfo into Mault.and thereof make their drinke, and are thereby fu- ftained& live in as good health and ftrerigth of body,as thofe that live on Wheate onely, whereby wee may well per- ceive that it hath a warming qualitie rather then a cold in ncurifhment.howfcevcr it may have a cooling inmedeca- ment. Oatemeale in broth is ufually given to binde thofe that have a Laske of other flux,and with fome Sugar is to good t ffeft given to thole that have a cough or cold. W hole Oates freed with bay fait and applyed to the fide,takes away the paines of Stitches and winde in the fides or belly, a pul- tis made of the meale of Oates and fome oyle of Bayes put thereto,helpeth the Itch and the Leprofie, asalfothe Fiftu- laesofthe Fundament,anddilfolvethhard Impoftumes, the mealcof Oates boyled with Vinegar and applyed taketh away frctklesand fpotsin the face or other parts of the body. . . I firould next unto thefe gralnes (if I thought it fitting to make a Chapter as others have done ) lpeake of the burnt Corncs of thefe fcverall forts before fpecified, but beca,u(e there is nothing in them that is worth the Defcription or Place indeede among the reft, being but certaine cares of Corne here and there among theieft that are blafted byca- lualtie, 1 tbinke them not worthy of more relation then that fuch are lometimestobe fecne, or as onr Englijh proverbe is to m ke a long harveft of fuch bad Corne,yeti think it not amifle to give you the figures of themhere. Qftiligi Tritici & Hordei. Burnt Wheate and Barley. Chap* XXII. Orjz.a . Rice. pee is numbred among the graines or Comes that j| areufed forfuftenance,and therefore muft bee fet H|| n cxt to Oates, becaufe it beareth the (cede in a fparfed jttba or tuft,yet in a different manner. Itrifethup withaftronger ftalkethen Wheate about a yard high, with fundry j'oyntsand a large thicke leafeat each of them like unto the Reede, at the toppe it beareth a fpiked tuft fpread intobranches, whofe blooming is faid to be purplifh.with the feede (landing feverally on them, en¬ clofed in a' bard browne ftraked huske, and an auneatthe Tbeatrum ‘Botanicnm, Tribe 12^ 1126 Chap. 25. head of every one of them which being hulled is very white,of the bigneffe almoft of Wheate comes, blant at both ends. The Place and Time. The originall fonrfe hereof came out of the Eaft Indies', where it is their chiefeft if not onely Corne they live up¬ on,and not with them onely but through all Ethiopia and Africa and from thence hath bcene brought into Syria, Egypt,Italj^c. whereloever it is feene to bee fowen, and ioveth onely to grow in moift grounds, or luch as maybcoveiflowcn in the Summer time,and the waters let out againe, being but a Summer Corne, and is yeareJy fowen and gathered in the middle or end of Autumne with us,but twiie a yeare in divers places of the Eaft /«- dies , whole goodneffc ebiefely conlifteth in the large- nefleand whicenefic, which the hotter countries onely produce. The Names. It is called in Greekc o’ ? u'C a , and fo in Latine Oryza by all authors, \ er fome a,oe call it Italica for a difference to the Oryz.t Germanicajf which Cor dm on Diofcorides faith is called Schveaden with them, or being a kinde thereof at the lead, although kher, having the fame talte and ufe, and the fame proportion in ftalkes, leaves, and (pikes, with a j»ha like Milium, growing alio in marifh and plafhy places as Rice doth) yet Hermolaus , Ruellim end tome other have thought it to bee the Hor - deumCjaUticumoi Columella , but I have (liewed you what that is in the <. hapter of Barly : why Galen fhould account Rice inter legttmin* potim cjuam inter cere alia, as he did before of Oates,and of Panick afterwards, many d -c wonder,feeing their formes are lo differcnt,buthim- felfe I thinke rcndereih the reafon, Fecaufe it was not made into bread t s the reft of the other Comes are : The Arabians call it A< ^ and Arv, the Italians Riz.o, the Spaniards Arrcz., the FrcnchRys , the Cjermancs Reijf, the T>utch Rtjs, and we Rice. The Vertucs. Rice is chiefely ufed medecinally to (lay the Laskes or fluxes of the ftomacke as well as of the belly, efpecially if it be a little parched before it be ufed, and Steele quenched in the milke wherein it fhall be boylcd, being lome- what binding and drying-.it is thought alfo to encrealc feed, being boyled in milke and fomc Sugar and Cinamon put thereunto: the flower of Rice is of the lame propertie,and is fometimes alfo put into cataplafmes that are ap- plied ro repellhumors from flowing or falling to the place, and is alfo conveniently applyed 10 womens breafts to ftay inflammations when they begin. Chap. XXIII. Cdlilium. Millet. F M.’llet there are divers forts,(ome familiarly growing in Europe others brought out of the more re- more countries, as (hall be declared. 1 . CMilium vulgare Album. Common white Millet. This Millet groweth with many hard joynted tall ftalkes full ofa white Pith,yet foft and a little hairy or downy on the outfide, with long and large Reede-like leaves at them compafling one ano¬ ther, the toppes of the ftalkes are furnifhed with a number of whitifh yellow long fprigges like feathers, bowing downetheir heads, let all along with (mail feede inclofed in a whitifh huske, which being taken forth are of a fhinirig paleyellowifh or whitifhcolour, fomewhat hard little bigger then the feede of Fleawort; therootc bufheth much inthegiound but perifheth jearely. l. Milium nigrum. Blacke Millet. Thisother Millet difftreth little from the former, being fomewhat leffe with us, faving that as ihtjubaoi tuft is brownilh, fo is the leedc alio blackifh and fhining, very like elfe to the other. ’Jftielicafive Sorghum. Indian Millet. This Millet is in all the parts thereof larger,greater and higher then the former,rifing to be five or fix foot high or more,tne ftalkes ai e fu 1 ’ of joynrs and large long leaves at them, the juba or tuft ftanderh upright and boweth not downerheheadastheucher, whereon Hand the (cede as big but not flat as Lentills fomewhat round, andeythcr whitifh, yellow, red or blackiih, hard and (Fining, the roote bufheth more then the other yet perifheth alfo. The Pla e and Time. Millet, of allthe forts came firfl into Europe out of the Eafterne countries, the two fir ft forts long before the daft kinde, and the fortes of it. and require a ftrong ground well watered, for they foone empoverifh a ground if it be not ftill enriched, nor will it profper in leane dric foilc; it is to be fowne in lApriti, and the graine in the hot¬ ter climates will be ripe in Augujl cr September . The Ori^a. Rice. Kt»'p5> in Greike, is called tJMilium in I-itinc, amiliariafummaderivatum ait VeSitt>,Cjalen calleth it Pafpales, and others Pajpale, Varro thinketh ic is tMeline ■, hwtpiofcorides and Galen make Adeline ro b e Panicum, All Authors call the two firfl forts Milium with their diftin&ions of blackeand white : the laftis called cMilitem Ittdicum, by Adatthiolus and others, and Sarafemciim by ‘ Fnebjhu, and Melica by Dodtmaus, Sorghum alfo, and Sorgho Iralorttm by Label , Cjefr.tr callcth it P anicum lndicum^ndTragnt Par it urn ‘Diofcoridit and Pliny, Bellonius alfo faith that in Cilicia they call h Harearner 1% the Arabians doe, whereof they make their Bread orPultage,and oftheftalkes their fire in want of otherfeweil, it is called Adaenco di Congo by the Portugalls finding it in that Kingdome :the Arabians call it Cjegners and Cjiavers % the Italian Adiglie and Sorgho, the Spaniatds Adilho and Migo, the French AdiUini Millet, the Germancs Htrfr., the ‘Dutch Hits, and wee is Sngltfh Millet; and the laft T urkie or Indian Millet,and of fome Italian Millet, The Virtue;. Galen faith itcooleth in the firfl: degrteapd dryeth in the third almolt.and hath withal! a little tenuitie of parts; thegraineiJith Theophrajlm if it be kept from winde and weather will ever lall and abide : it is fometimes made into bread but it is very brittle, not having any tcnacitic in it whereby it nourilheth little, but dryeth upmoid humors, yet is it much ufed in Germany boyled in milke with fome Sugar put unto it: Matthiohu faith that at Verona the bread thereof is eaten with great delight while it is hot, by realon of the fweeteneffe, but brin" old it is hard and utterly unplealant: thegrttell or pultagc faith‘Pio/coridrsbindeth the belly and provoketh unne ; the Apozeme made thereof called Syrttpue Ambroftar.irs, or as Wccker hath it Sjrupus Ambrofit, taken warme with a little white W ine procureth fweating mightily,being covered in bed, and is effecTuall to coole hoc Fevers and to quench third: being put into a bagandfryed hot cafeththe griping paines of thcCollicke and of the fides if it be applyed, the paines alfo in the joyntsand finewes: in Italy and other places they give thegraine ro their Pullen and Pigeons to fatten them. The Indian Millet dalkes faith Mattbiolta arc good co hdpe thole that are troubled with Kernclls under the earcs or elle where, in this manner: Take the pith out of ten of the joynts of the (hikes of this Millet, which being burned with a new red fponge, take the powder of them with twelve graincs of Pepper,and an ounce of W heate Pafle or Dowe, all which being made up with a new laid Egge in¬ to a cake, let it be baked under the embers, this cake being divided into fix parts, let the patient take one part of it every other night when the Moone is in the wane as they go: to bed, and not drinkc after it that night: this mud be repeated twoor three Moones, and hereby faith he hath knowne many to be cured : the red flowers faith he taken in red wine tothe weight of a dram cureth women of the reds, as the white flowers doth the whites • ic is alfo good for allfluxes of the belly. Eeccc 1138 Chap. 24* Theatrum Botanicttm - T r ib e 12 1 Chap. XXIV. CM,Hem lndicum maxima CM»U ditlnm^ve Trum r»r**> Indtcum, vclTurcicnm aliquorum, Indian or Turkic Whcate. $§jj((j§S 3 o? Millet jlthough farre creo^' ytc^amio^pee^any°more thTn^Wo^edalfdifc- M//$i although Tome have made divers forts th f J ^ ,,,„ ;„ n0 rhr Cm ■ rhr >?S a kinde of Millet: alterwards. , UXmm veXTurcix»mvulq«re. The ufuall Iniuncx Turkic YVheate. This fWM» Whe«eTooteth from the roote which is thicke andbufhie.fuudry flrong and tall (talkes fixer eight foote high,as thicke as a mans t >xf lium indtcum maximum Maiidiltu+fivi Frumniuntnaiium w reft if it grow in any rankc ground, Vf U'unUum. The ufuall Indian or (Turtle Wiicate. full of great joynts with a while pith m the middle of them,the leaves are long, twifc as large and great as of Millet; at the toppes come forth many feather- like fprigs, bending downewards like unto the toppe of Millet, which are ei¬ ther white or yellow or blew, as the graines in the eareswiU prove, which fall away, nothing appearing alter them ■ but while they are in (lower at the joynts of the fta'kes with the leaves, from wichin two or three of the lower joynts up towards the. toppes, come forth the cares one at a joynt w“ have many leaves foulded over them f malleit at the toppe, with a final! long buih of threads or haires hanging downe at the ends, which when they are ripe are to bee cut off ; which foulds of leaves being taken away,the head ap- peareth much like unto a long Cone or Pineapple, fet with fix or eight or ten rowes of Cornes.otderly and clofely fet together, each being almolf as bigge as a Peafe not fully round, but flat on th, frdes that joyne one unto another, of the fame colour on the outfile as the bloomings were, hard but brittle and eafieto bee broken or ground, with a white meale within them tomewhat dry and ryx clammy in the chewing. Lobl expreffeth the figure of another fort as he thinkerh becaufe as hec faith it grew greater and higher, and the roote grew greater, and with moreleparatc tufts, the roote not differing in any thin" elfe: but 1 thir.ke it no fpecihcall , , r T , . . . , (j:pf-r cnce not underflanding by any that it is taken for another fort, and therefore I have omitted it and Ipukt no marc ^ frnmentum bidicxm alterttm five mitim, The other leffer Indian Wheate. Thi oilier Indian Wheateis like the former both in (hikes and leaves, but not halfe fo high or great, thcearcs iikewifeare not halfefo bigge, of as differing colours as it, but they doe not grow at the joynts of the ftalkcsas the other biuat the toppes following the flowers,which rnakerh a fpecificall difference betweene them . the graine it (elfe is being made into bread not of that nourifhing qualitie that the greater fort.is but weaker by much, nor is fo flrong to breede fo much blood as it. Th PUce and ITiwe. Tlie firfl orowcih in theEaft and Welf Indies, and from both places have beene brought unto us, and have grswne with us, and foinetiu.es borne ripe eares but not alwayes, and will defire a flrong rich ground as the Millet doth, fjwne cnely in the Spring and ripe in September : The other is a ftranger,and fcldome fecne w ith us. The Names. It is very probable that this graine is that which maketh mention of to grow in TaBrh, which be faith was reported to be as bigge as Olive hones* and T 3 liny following him relateth the fame thing out of him* but altereth the Olive (tones into eares of Wheate, which (heweth how lubjeft it is toerrour,to goe upon heire- fay and bare report, for Tkeopbrafh* relateth the greatneffe of the graines but by report, which might wereafe by the way as it did betweene T eophrajlus and Pliny his time, to be as bigge as Wheate eares i Mattbiolui ) r Dcdy»uhi t Lvodunenfis and others condemnc Fucb/im for calling it FrumentumJ urcicum^ according tohis Countries dia- j e A ar e found more juft to be blamed themfelves, for no doubt but this very Indian Wheate which plentifully is round R I B E be 7 beater of ^Plants. Chai K thenatit«&'is"he (a'mcwkh 7%' ' A !*\ hJics > y« not found naturall in any place, but planted every where by cum Thev of the Weft W e fP^ ra fi»f and their Frumcntum or Triticttm&rA Milam Batlriannm Indu SafteYh°m^ ^t 7 al [ ,C ,^S £nc tany. The lad is onely remembred by and i«. il/i^^ge^rally^lh^A&icaHe? ^ ^ ““ ^ ^ ^ inot^I tWnke^iohd'y confid^rthe^rbi be aadr y and ° f little noutifhment as Millet or Panicke, but they doe as oftheTark, Millet burh.ri,; - / ’ tor aIt hough the gramebe dry, yet the meale thereof is nothing iodry rilhmenc to the body, for wee finrfi la “” Ine(re * which bindeth the bread dole and gtvetb good non- nonr'lliedtherebvin acr, " ndc both the Indians and the Chriftians of all Nations that feede thcreon.are of the bread fl.cwerhSaTn" ”° d ? ubt > as ifche y ftd °» Wheate in the faroe marlier: tbe f w c « alfo humours,ablecofuffoca t earrbpl«i7 WCr r, 0 ' n 1 OUr ! < i imencmlc > and;ls ’ OInedoc thlnke breedeth thicke blood and that are made to ripen Iinnofmm J. a b '^ e p C : “hhrudlions.ard therefore will not unfitly be put into cataplafmes whichbreederh itches anrffraKk . * that by feeding too much thereon it engenders grofle blood, and our “’ that w " e «* ufed to it. Of it is made drinke alfo, both in the Indies found to be very effefluall rn ‘‘/^“"Wate as quickly as our ftrongBeareif it bee made accordingly : but is drinke thereof, the leaves thereof are ^r^t e f/ d ^r 0 ^ tbe Stone > £othac none ate troublcd ther£wuh that dos C tnereot arc ufed alfo to fatten their Horfes and cattle. Chap. XXV. P ttnicHm, Panick. 1 witha lamer a n ^ 3 ” urcc£ ^tuck growing with usin farope howfoever fome have Petit forth ] ry many broiivhr F ■ e n’ r P lacc P roducc d it where it grew, but of Indian forts there are ve¬ il ol to make anv |»n, onrinua ‘ d y fr°ro the backe of Africa and Stbiopia, and from America alfo where- ^ dcrcrj io ' s p ™f™°" were to lmal l purpofe.and but to fill up roome ; I will onely give you a briefe remembrance of fome others e,the ° nCm0rereilUenttlleochermore rarC astllc y g rew With us, with This Panicke groweth up with ° rdinar y P a " ick - fomewhat large leaves on them °i u? 8 J°y nted ftalke full of pith,but not downie as Millet is,having can hardly be dillinguiflied arrhei-. ~ y TL Cb n b 5 nobWbcace > and very nearc unto thofe of Millet that they the end,loft, and as it were hairv „“f^°, rb ? ftalkecormne th forth a whitifh long round clofefpike, round at e nsir y> with final! fhof5 branches all the length of it when it is full ripe and opened, I • Pentium album vulgare. Ordinary Panick. PanicumTndicum panniculavillofa. Indian Panick with-a hairy fpiked head. ia'lu ;wj I i/jrir !> I I .Ij'l'pi' 1 NdWS u . Mate** life .■ms Ill,' I ’hM’ vK'.f# if 140 Ch A P 25 Tbeatrum Potanicum. Tr TBl 12 fall of hairy toft huskes which include a (mall white feede Idle then Millet but not fhining fo much,the roote is bu(hie like unto it L uc (mailer and dying yearely. ^ 2 . Panicam [vdicum pamicuU villofa, Indian Panick with a more hairy fpiked head. This kinde of Panicke being brought to Briftow from the Weft Indies as Label faith in his time of abiding there, and there lbvven, was like in ftalke and leafe to the former but greater, and the fpiked head grew to bee a footc long but more hairy, bending at the coppe a li:tlc,fomewhat like the creat Am/tranthui t o\ flower Gentle. g, panicum Indicttm cjirulettm. Blew Indian Panick. This ble w Panick groweth to the height of a man, with ftton.' and great joynted ffalites like unto , Rcede full of (bougie whire pith,which ncate the ground are of a 1 Ihming pnrplilhblew colour and 'preadeth lundry branches with large and long leaves on them compafling the ftalke at the bottome, andthickt ribbesin the midd.e of them: from th- i ivnts towards the teppeas alfo at the toppes come forth (hurt round Pankk-like headscloler then the former, of as blcwidia fn ning purple colour as the ftalke below, or richer much more orient and frefh, full of hairy huskes,and final) l 01: g blewifti round feedcs in them like unto naked 03tSS. There hath becne brought us from fundry parts both of the Eaft and Weft Indies by Marriners and Chirurgions di- vtrs other forts,fome with white heads as big as ones fifte, thicke and fhort, with round white fecdcs, having an hole or dent in every of them. Another whofe head was a foote Ion" and with a bowing toppe, as hairy as the fecond fort. Another that was {lender a foot? and a halfe long, fmall at th: upper and bigger below like unto that Vanicum Amen - »««»* chat C. '', Label, Lugdmenfis and ochers. The Arabians call it Dochon, the Italians Panico, the Spaniards Panifo, the Trench Paris and ‘Panic, the Gcrmanss Pfenich_md Heydelpfenic{, the Dutch “Poland we Panick, TheVertttes, F anick is as Millet cold and dry,and giveth little nourifhment, and as Galen faith Milium is better to all purpo- fes then Panick, fweeter alfo and eafier todigeft, yet faith he the countrey people feede thereon being boyled in milke even as they doe Wheate, but faith he, that of Italy exceedcth oatsoSAJla tloamcs Leo in his Hifiory of “Africa faith, thacin fome places thereof they make very fine bread of Panick, of what fort hementioneth not: it ftauerh Fluxes as Milium doth, it is given to Pullen .Pigions and other fmall birds 5 but hath no further ufe in Phy iicke then to dry up moift and fluxible humors. C K A?. XXVI. Tragopyrum. Bncke-whcate. S a Complement to finifh this Hifiory of Cornes and Graines I muff fet this in the fall place, becaufe although - the forme and manner of growing be diffe¬ ring from all the former, yet hecaufe the feede ferveth to the fame ufe, it is reckoned by the later writers defervedly to bee joy- nedimtothem. Itrifech upwith divers roundhol-. low, brittle, reddifh ftalkcs a yard and morehigh, fet with divers leaves each by it fdfc on a (hike, which is broad and rouni' and byforked at the bot- tome, finall and pointed at the end, fomewhat re- fembling an Ivieleafebat fofterin handling; at the toppe of the (hikes come forth divers duffers of (mall white flowers which turne into fmall triangular blackifh feede, fomewhat like unto a Beech nutbut much lclfer, with a white pulpc within : the rooteis fmall and thready. The Place mdTinte. It is thought tohave bcene firff brought out of eM- frica into Italy, but it is now generally fowen in moft ofthefe Northerne countries, where for the ufe and profit is made of it many fields are fowen therewith, and that ufually not untill Aprilt, and is ripe in Ah, gufi ,and will not refute to grow in an hungry ground, but is held generally to bee as good as a dunging to the ground whereon it is fowen, the draw thereof alfo being turned in thereto. The Names '. It is generally taken to be the E \vnpti, Sryfimum of Theophrafim, which Gaejt tranflateth Trionttm, la alfo to bee the Into of Pliny fome to put a difference betweene this £ry(imum and the other, call this Ery- fimum cereale : it is called by Matthiolut, and Lug- dunenjis Trumentum Sarafenicum. Dodmtw Tel gopyrum and Tragopyrum, Tragotriticum and Ta- gotritictm as the "Dutch names doe import Back: rreyde and Butckfnneydt, Intgut calleth it Ocy- Ttaeoppum, Buck-wheacc. 1142 Chaf.26. TheatrumHotanicum . Tribe itJ mum ■veterH7K,ind Clufms and Tahermcntamu Ocjmum cere Ac, but VodoMtu, and Lagdauenjis doc mainely ccntra- d iff that opinion,labouring to prove that the Ocjmum of Varro t Columella,2nd the other Latines is no particular berbe, but rather the name of greene fodder, cut before it grew ripe, to feede catell and to purge them, orelfe ieverall forts of Pulfe and Oates, mingled togecher and fowen to feede them, but Tragus proveth it fubftantial- ly from Varro, that Ocjmum was fowen to fatten and purge cattle, and that to be taken while it was in flower, whereby it is evident that it could not be a medley ofcorne and pulfe fowen together for the purpofe, which ne¬ ver a: e in flower altogether at a time, but iome particular hcrbe.and this hetbeiooner then any other, which the foone fpringing of it from the (cede, which is within three or foure dayes after the fowing.doth argue the name Ocj mum to be proper thereunto from ^* u r,theGrecke word fignifying cito quickly, from whence Ocjmumis derived,and the quality anfwerable alto. . The VertHcs. Buckwhcate is a graine that as Dodonew faith nourifheth leffe, then either Wheate, Rye, orBarly, but more then Millet or Panicke,and the bread or cakes made of the meale of the feede doth eafily digeft, yet fotne fay contrary) and quickely pafl'c out of the ffomackc, and giveth fmall nourifhment.though not bad, and is withall a little flatulent or windy, yet Country people in divers places of Germany and Ita/j. doe feede hereon almoff as their onely. bread graine, and are ftrong and able perlons following ftrong labour, for the bread or cakes are plea- fant, and doe fomevvhat preffe or lye heavy on the (tomacke, as Millet and fome other the like will. And both is, and was ufed generally to fatten cattle and poultry, of all forts exceedingly, and quickly, yea it is an obfervaty- on among a great many in our owneland, that what cattle or pullainc foever is fatted therewith, if it be not kil¬ led within a iliort time after they arc thus fatted, they will dye of themfelves, being fuffocated with their owne fat it provoketh vrine, encreafeth milke, loofeneth the belly,and being taken in wine,is good for melancholfy perfaas: the juyee dropped into the eyes,cleareth the fight. GRA* T R I B E I}, / Chat, I. GR AMINA, IVNCI, E- T ARVNDINES. GRASSES, RVSHES, AND R E E D E S. C L A S S IS DECIMATERTIA. THE T HJ%T EEU^T H TB^IBE, CHAP. I. Gramina Triticea, Corne-grades. H E next Tribe to be entreated of, isof the feverall forts of Grades, which are almoft infinite, but becaufefome are growing on the Vpland grounds, others in the low and moorilh, fomeinthe waters,and others by the lea fide, I mull divide than ; and fora more methodicall and orderly proceeding in them, I thinke it fitted to ranke them un¬ der feverall heads, that fo they may be better expreffed and apprehended. I will firft therefore fet downe tbofe grades that are neerelt in likenede unro the Cornes in their ipiked heads, and after of thofe that are like the other forts of : graine, and then of the reft in their order: but becaul’e thefe Grades are of (mall u(e, although of much va- ric.tie and curiofitie, I (hall endeavour to be the briefer in them : and firft of thofe Grafl'es that refemble Wheate and Rye, 3 • Gramen laufolium [pica triticea compatta, Clole eared white Wheate Grade. The ftalke hereof is about halfe a yard high, fet with two or three joynts, and faire Wheate like leaves at them a foote long, bearing at the toppes a lungerfpike than Wheate, and broader, made of feverall parts like the huskes of cot ne, but more feparated in funder, (hewing it to be a Grade and no Corne indeede, yet clolcr than thenexr, and without any {hew ofbeardes oraunes thereon. 2. Gramen latifoliumfpicatriticea tiivttlja, Thinne eared red Wheate Grade, This differeth little from theformcr, but in thefpike which hath the ftnall parts thereof more feparated and fet on both fides the ftalke, and armed every one with a (mail fhort beard or awne. 3. Gramen angufiifolittm [pica triticea compafta. Clofed eared red Wheat-grade. The ftalke hereof is fmooth and round, two foote high,fet with long narrower white leaves,rough and prin¬ ted, the fpike is about a fpanne long, fomewhat like unto red Wheate, clafcly fet, but cadi of the huskes hath a fharpe rough awnethei eat 4. Gramen angufhfclium[pica tritici mutioe ftmili, Rttfit-leaved white Wheate-Grade. The leaves hereof are long and r> und like Rufhes, and pointed attheends, fet on the round llalkes, a forte and a halfe high, whofe fpiked toppe is long and {lender, without any awnes at the toppes of the huske, and f'ome- what like unto whice Wheate, that is without beardes, the roote is white, knottie and creeping. y. Gramen [pica Brize majus, The greater Spelt-wheate grade. This hath roores and (hikes like unto corne of a mans height, with narrow leaves, thetoppes of the dalles have fundry long fpikes, about a hand breadth long, fet on both fides of them one above another, each whereof is very likeafmall eare of Wheate, armed with fmallawnes, but very fhort. 6 , Gramen [pica Brize minus, '■ he lefl'er Spelt Wheate-Grade. This other groweth not above an band bredth-high, with (mail fhort, foft, and hoary leaves, the toppe bath sometimes but one,otberwhiles, two or three; fi Kes, of an inch long and bearded. 7. Cjramcr tz HAp. 2 . ' Theatrum ‘Botamcum* __T. Rl _ B _ K JL1« i. 3. Graven latifoiuim, angv/lifolium fpita tritieea compafla. Clofc cared vvhitc and red Wl.catc. 4. 5 , Gr amen ar.guslifolium /pica triticUnutict fimi i £r Jpica Bryqe majoru. Rufo l.afcd white Wheate GrtflTe ; and the greater Spelt wheats Gralfc. % . 7 . Gramen Secalinum maximum, Rye-Graffe, two great forts. The (hike hereof rifeth fometimes to be two or three foote high, having but few and {hort leaves thereon; the fpike is of two, three or foure inches long, bearded,and very like unto an eareof Rye, but with running rootes and joynted. Him. Ofthiskinde there is a Iefler fort alfonot differing from them before but in the fmallnelfe, and that the rooteis cheaddy. The Place and Time , Mod ofthefegraffes have beene found in our owneland, in paflures and corne grounds in Verity not farre from the Thames, andfiourifh when others doe. The Thames, Each of thefe hath the name in the title that Bauhinus in his Prodrome doth call them by, or with very little varietie which is according to Lobels intention. The Vertues . We know of no ufe that thele arc put to in Phyfickc, and therefore we can fay no more of them. Chap. II. Lolhtm & Cjramen loliaceum. Darnel^and Darnell-CSraffe. S Ecaufethe fpikedhead of Darnell doth lomc- what refemb’.e the fpikes of Come of the for¬ mer, I thought it roeete to joyne it, and the 1. Lolium album. White Darnell. The Darnell it felfe hath all the Winter long, fundry long fat and rough, leaves ( which when the ftalke rifeth, which 7. Gramen Secatinum maximum Majul&wnus: Rye*GraflTe of three forts: is (lender and joynted, are narrower bur rough flillonthe toppe,groweth along fpike compofed of many heads Ter one above another, containing two or three huskes, with (harpe.butfhortbeardcsorawnes at the ends, the feede is cafily (hakcdoutof chc eare, the huske icfelfc being fomewhat cough. 2. LoliummbrHmfivs Phenix. Red Darnell. The leaves hereof are (horter and narrower than of Barly, the (hikes are rcddi(h,fometimes halfe a foote high, with reddlfh joynts alfo, the fpike is very like the former, but fmallcrand fhorcer, and fometimes reddifh alfo, efpecially in the drier grounds. 3, Lolittm alteram avenaceaglitma. Another Darnell with Oaten toppes. This differeth little from the firll in rootes, leaves,or (hikes, but fomewhat higher, onely the toppes hereof differ in that the leverall heades ate more like to winged Oaten heades, with (harpe pointes let on (lender foote (talkes. 4. Phoenixjimplici & rarijjtmaglama, The fmalleft (ingle Darnell-GralTe. 1 his is very like the red Darnell, but that it hath very few flenderer and (hotter (hikes than it. and the leaves alfo narrower, the fpiked head hath a few fingle huskes, fetvery fparfedly thereon. 5. Phoenix altera brevioribw Aenjioribufque fpicii, fhe greater (ingle Darnell-Grafie. 1 lie leaves and rootes hereof are like the red Darnell, the (hikes grow two cubits high, joynted and flraked, the Ipike is thinly let with chaffie heades, but they arc bigger, rounder, and thicker. 6 . Phoenix accrofaaculcata. Small prickly Darnell-Graffe. The [hikes hereof are five or fixe inches high, being rough, hard, full of joynts, pointed or prickly at the ends, and with a few (hott leaves on them, and with all, have (mall fliorr, rough, and chatfiie like tongues, (harpe at the ends, fet at the joynts: the rootes are (mall white threads or fibres. 7. Phoenix multiplici (picata panicnla. Branched Darnell-Graffe. This hath (lender joynted (hikes, acubite or more high, and narrow leaves, the fpiked head is as it were bran¬ ched into others,and herein confifteth the chiefeftdifference. 8. Phoenix multiplied jpicanutantc. Double Darnell-Graffe with a bowing toppe. This differeth litteor nothing from the lad, but in the fpiked heades, which are thicker fet together, and the toppes of them bow downe orrurne a little round. 9. phoenixpnlnftris&longiM (picata. Branched Mar(h Darnell-Graffe. Thb Darnell-Gtafle from a creeping white joynted roote, with many fibres thereat, (lfooteth forth two or three joynted flalkes, two foote high at the lead, the fpiked head is a foote long, branched as the fevemh is, each branch of a fingits lengh with winged huskes like unto Oates. The Plate and Time. All cbefe grow, cither in the ficldes of come, or in the borders and path-wayes of other fieldes that are fallow^ IP I p r S'njif m .. : 1 I ri,’ (ft ■ j f Iff : l' i 11*1 pw ITT’:' 1 * | i 1 -UTS r. LnHorn album. VVhite Darnell. Pbcenix five Lolium rubrnm. Red Darnell. 1146 Chap. 2, l- f. Lohum alterwu av naceagluma, & at era breviojibut folijs. Darnell with Oicen toppcs,and the greater fingle Darnell-Grafie. Tkcattum Bctamcum, Tribei?; 6. pbetnix cicerofaaculeate. 7.8.$. Tksvixrr.uitiplicifpicatapaBicula, Small prickly Damdl'Graflc, & longiusJpuata. The two forts of branched Darnell.Graflc, and the double kinde with a double coppe. and the lafl (bmctiir.es in marfh and wet groundes, as well as in the edges of plowed gtoundes. Z'mgiVcalleth it jnfelix Loimm, becaulc of the harme it did the fieldes. 7he Names, D?rnel! is called ales’, in Grceke by mod Greeke Authors,yet by Come,and Laljttm in Latine.yet Pliny cal- Iech it - ’ .a s well as Lokum• and of fome Triticum temulentumund by Lumccrw TriticttmfatuumM. is called al- i'o Ziz. mitt from the Arabians that fo call itjthe Italians call it Gitglio and Lo£li»;tbe Spaniards Tam,and Zitonia, the French Ivraye, the Germans Rutweyffen ; the Dutch Lakh, and we in Fnghfis Rye and Darnell : the fecond is oiled col «p pheenix by Dhfcerides, and fo divers authors doe call it in Latinc,* ftminit colorephamiceo, others call it Lalitttn rubrum to diflinguifh it from the former called Lolium album. Dadonem from Pliny calleth it Hordettm m:ir int/m, and thereupon the Germans call it (JtittijfKorn, Hauhwus calleth it Crimen Loliaccttm. All thertftare entittiled'according to Label his intended llluftrations, and are fome of them mentioned by Bauhimn in his Pir.stx and Vrodromui. • The Vertttes, Common Darnell, as mt dreatr.es, if thefeedes happen into bread, and if the feede happen into drinke.it will caufe a kinde of giddy c.m ikennelfc : the meale of Darnell is very good to fray gangreenes, and other fuch like fretting and eating can* ke.s and',-urrid fores: it alfo clenfeth rite skinne of all leprycs, morphewes, ringwormes, and the like, it it be u (;»j ijh laic sndraddifhrootcs : and being ufed with quickehrimfloneand vinegar it diflolveth knots and ker¬ nel , and breaketh thofe that are hard tube aiffolved, being boiled inwinewith Pigeonsa'ung ardLinfcede: sn .: profitable for the Sciatica, if it be bathed in the decoffion thereof made with water and bony : it islike- wilc thought to help-conception, if a woman be perfumed with, it,and the mcaieofBarly, Myrrhe, and Fran- cumlenfe ■ vet Cemarim thinketh Darnell is unprofitable to be nfed in fuffumigations, and therefore addeth the Mvnhe.and Francumlence tothedeccftion for the Sciatica •• Darnell meale applied in a puitisdraweth forth fplinters and broken bones in the flefh: if the feede be call into the fire it will caufe fuch a manner of lmoake, that ir will make all that are in the roome to fall a coughing, and willingly to depart to be eafed of t hefmoake: the red Dar.icll boiled in red wine llaieth the laske, and all other fluxes, and womens bloody iffues, and reltrai- neth in ine when it p ffTeth too fuddenly from one. Some doe hold that if it be bound unto a woman being put inacrimfon ,esrh.’, • ’•afcarlet cloath, itwill (lay the abundance of the courfes. Ovid (heweth by thisverfe, ft careant loliis ocnlis vitigntibus agri that it was accounted to be hurtful 1 to chc light, and therefore Tlautw objected to one that \vasiiifighted,thathefed on Darnell. ® H A *• Trib * 13 . TbeTbeater of'Plants. Chap. 5 , 4 . U47 Hordeun hpoiium live Jpemtaneuta, Way-Barly. C«A>. III. Hordeum fittrium. Way-Early. f Lchough heretofore there waa but one kind of this wilde or Way-Barly knownc yet by, the diligent | (car h of others, there are fome others found, which fhall be (hewed together, r. Hordeum fjmriam vulgare. Common Way-Barly. This hath divers Graffe-like leaves, but fomewhat hard, andamongthemfundry berry (hikes,a 3 foote high, bearing fsnall whitilh yellow cares, with long and fomewhat rough beardcs, whofe feede within the huskes is lancke and fmall, the roote is threaddy and perilheth not. 3. Hordeum [pontaneumelatilM five majm. Great Way-Barly. This other doth in all things relemble the former, but that it isgreater and taller, and commeth fo neare unto the former middle Rye-Grafle, that many have taken it to be the fame, as the former may well be fo called alio. 5, Hordeum fpontaneumpurnilum, Dwarfc wild Barly, This dwarfe kinde groweth Pearce balfe a foote high, with fmaller grayilh leaves than the common fort, and the fpikeor eare fo nearely refembling common Barly, both in the double rowes and beardes, that one would Purely fay it was fowne Bar¬ ly, but that onely the finallncffe of all the parts contradifted it. Tbt Place and Time. The two firft forts arc found in fundry places with us, yet the frit more ufuilly thanrhc other, but found by thole that are ex- ( pert upon mndde walles, and at the foote of other walles, and/ the wayesfides in the fieldes everywhere: the lalt was onely found by Beel in Spaine, and communicated to us. !The Names. It is generally taken tobe Holcm Tliny by the bed Herbalifts now adayes lince Anguilarat irft fo called it; and that you may underftand how Pliny dclcribeth his Holcm , I will here fee ic downe as it Is lib. 27 .cap, 10. Holcm iufaxis nafeiturficcit.arifias babet in cacuminc tenues , culmo quale Hordcum reSlibeSC ■ hac circa caput adalligata , vel circa lacertum educit e corpore arifias, hanc quidam obid Refiidain (others have it Arifiidam ) vacant : others call it Hordcum fpurium or fpontaneum^nd fome others Hordcum murimum -.Thalirn calleth it Graminii Loliacci J . [terras . it is cal¬ led by the Dutch Ha/c coren, and by us Wall-Barly, Way- Barly, or Way-Bent or Bennet. The Vertices, It hath power, as Pliny faith to draw thornes, See. out of the flefh: fon e fay that it caufetb haire to grow ; bar Label faith thac the lye thereof miketh haires yellow. Chap. IV. Avena fierilit & tsEoylapr. Wilde Oates and Haver- Graffc. Here are divers Grades that are like unto Oates, fome more or leffe, whereof chefe that are necreft thereto (hall be iliewed here in this Chapter, and the reft in the two next that follow. I. Bromos herbafeu Avena flerilis. Common wilde bearded Oates, The ordinary wilde Oate groweth both in leaves and ftalke fomewhat like unto the manured Oates, but that it feldome rifeth ib high, being (lender er,-fmaller, and ibfeer, the tufted heade is fpread in rht like manner, having fuch like winged huskes, with longer awnes at the ends of them, but gentle, and not prickly, (landing by tender fmall foote (hikes, the feede is fmall and lancke, as though it had no l'ubftance in it: the roote is threaddy. a. Avenafierilis miner. SmalLwildc Oates. This wilde Oate is very like the former, butleffer in ftalke and leafe; thefparfedtoppeconfiftethofmany flenderlong chafhc cares, bearded onely at the ends, and hanging downe their heads with fmall feede on them tike the former. Of this kinde there is another that beareth nor his Oatentoppeuntillthe other be paft. ;• tAigylops NarBonenfis. French Haver-Gralfe. This Haver-Gralfe hath divers Grafle-like leaves of a pale greene colour: the ftalke is joynted in three or foure places with leaves at them, and at the toppes two or three heads, fet one above another, which are round and fomewhat long, hard and ftriped with divers beards at the ends of them, wherein when they are ripe andlookc whitilh lie twoor three (mail graines or feede; the roote is competed ofa fmall head, with many long fibres growing from it. ‘ . 4 .^'ey lots SCTQthZo 1148 Chap. 4 Theatrum c Botanicum. I. B, Offiosterfa five Atcvo-fhrilu. 1, Avtn*(iailu minor. Coauuun wddc bearded Oaus. Tbe fmall wilde Oates* T R I B * 13. T ri se ij. The The ater of 'P lants. ChapT^ 1149 4. oAF.oilopo Tromoides Belgarttm. ‘Dutch Haver-Gr .fie. This other Haver-Grafle is very like the laft,both in ftalke and leafe, thetoppe onely is in part like rnrn rhr naked Oate, audio part to the laft Haver- Graffe, having fomebeardes fet at every huske, within which he I snu r ough browne (cede : the rootcalfoisfomewhat like the laft, but the head from whence the fibres proceed is nof The Place and Time. . jj Both the formerand the latter, are found in many places with Vs, among Rye and Barley, but the feccndl molt plentifully by hedge fidcs, the third is frequent in Provence, and Narbone in Frame, among their come "and arc all ripe in Inly and Augufl, B ™ The Miscalled in GreekefpiWtOTx, that is to diftinguifh it from the gratae, or Come: iti$ called alio by 1 SoAonagu Bromos nerba ,and by LobelBromos Flerilis longijjimw ari/lij, FePlucaooby Gana and Fe- fima, and Avenafatua,and Grecaby others, by CMattkiolui ey£gilops, and by Trains, Lolijprimumqenw, accor- ding to his defeription. The fecond is call, d by Lobel, Bromos fierilis altera,ini Fifiuca altera by b odor, sue T*~ bermorUr.Mcz\kih it both Bromos herba,and Sypbomum. The third ZoWcalleth Feflucafive trEgilop, Fl'arbo. neaps, and thmketh it to be the true eALgilops of Diofcorides,and conducing to that ulcer in the eyes, as lice ordai- nethit sanaby A/attbiolus and oibes, vEgilops likewife, but by CaJalpinus .Framentum Mveftre in Sicilia. The lalt is called by Lobel,y£gilops Bromoides Be/gamm, although hee found it as plentiful in England ,as the Low Countri es; it is TJodonaur his Fefl-uca prior ,and Tbalttu his Avtna fylvejlru five nigra. The firlt is called bv the r« tans enavana, l one cajfa,and Orzo Salvatkofiyy the French Averox ,by the Dutch Tdcl haver ,and by Vs,Wilde Oates l & powre,or rather Poore Oates.The iecond is called both by the Dutch and us,Dravick,and Dravick Oates, The Venuet. Eobe/ Caid) that he hath often tryed the tySgthfs to be effeftuall, to helpe that Eiftula or hollow Vlcer that hap- peneth in the corners of the eyes.to calledjfor it hath a drying quality without (harpeneffe, hee alfo faith that the leeue thereof put into drinke procureth a kinde of drunkennelTe : and that the bnmt allies ol the (lalkes are good agamlt the flegmatickefwellingsoftheGoute, to bathe it with the lye made thereof, it alio diffolveth hard tu¬ mours and kernels in the flefli, and adwageth the fwellings in the joynts. Dodonsus reachah to make a medicine for the tome Vlcers in the nofe.by boyling the whole herbe with the roote of the firlt w ilde Oates in watcr,untill a third part be contained, which being drained,is to be boyled againe, with as much hony unro the thickenefl'e o£ aaimpe.fate as he faith put fome Aloes in powder to it,and wetting tents there in to be put up into the noftrilsa the lame herbe alfo he faith, being boyled in Wine with lome dryed Rofcs, hclpeth aft inking breath : the reft are not knowne to be ufed to any Phificall ufe. Chap. v. Cjramina Avenacea arvorum. The field Oaten Grades. I Here are fome other forts of Grades refembling wilde Oates,and called Oate Grades, whereof fome ’ ? r m W ln rhc others 0H the mountaincs, of thofe that are found in Come grounds, and othV I helds > we will fpeake of in this Chapter,and of the other in ths next- I. Cjramen Bromoides maximum hirtum . Great hairy Oate GrafTe. "Tfas great Oace Graile is all hairy, the ftalkes and leaves are greater then of Oates,foure or five cti« bits high, whole panicle at the toppe fpreadeth into many chaffy bearded eares banning downe their heads rhc roote is bulhy^hts groweth in the paftures abont London > as alio in Etfex. i, Gramen Bromoides fegetum latiore panicula. Great Come Oate GraiTc. This Corne-Graffc hath Oate-like (hikes,three or foure cubits high, the leaves are Sorter and narrower the toppe is ipread much.divcrs ftalkcs with thaffyc bearded cares in branehes,comming forth at a /oyntibroadeft be- low,and fpiringfmall upwards. 3. Gramex Anenaceumixcamm. Great hoary Oate Grade, This hath fhort narrow leaves, lomewhat fiairy and a little hoary withall, the Ralke hath few joynts the pani¬ cle is fpreade like the lalhbut leder, and is fomewhat hoary : This is fometimes found letfcr.and are both found in Minni the borders ot CornencIdSjboth in Kent and Elfex, 4. Gramen Avenaceum pratenfe. Medow Oaten Graffe. The leaves hereof are many,growing next the roote,long and narrow, the (talke is leder and lower with fuch a pannicle at the toppe.but Idler Ipread and not hoary: this is in many Medowes. 5 » Gramen Avenaceum f ejttamofa gluma, Scaly eared Oaten Graffe, * _ This hath narrow leaves,a little hairy,afpanne long,the flenderftalke hath fuch alike panickle as the laft bu& that the Icaly eares hand finglc,every one upon his owne (mail thrediike footeftalke. 6. Gramen Avenaceum pinnata longinfcula(pica. Winged Oaten Graffe. The (hike hereof is Render,fometimes higher,and fometime lower, the leaves ai e narrower than the laft the pannicle is fomewhat long but final!,and not much fpreade, each part being as it were winged ot devided’ into sundry peeccs,upon one ribbe or footeftalke. , 7. Gramen Avenaceum filiceapanicnla Xerampelina. Red FernelikeGrade. This beareth red Aiming (hikes a foote high.the leaves are loft and narrow, the pannicle at the toppe, is three rl' 0U l-n n Kr CS n ng ’n f 3 whitifti greene colour,divided into many winged branches many parts being let on both fide* or the branch,and each part divided like a Fearne leafe. 8. Cjramen Avenaceum murorumeretlum. Vpright Wall Oaten Graffe. , G r affe groweth upnght.a fpanne and fometimes 1 foote high, the leaves are almoft as Imafl as any Grade ^^oftnffu;^ thcroote is thready t Fffff p . Gm. Gramen jivenaceam *ltero,a!teriwtia:m exile moUiceilis foltjs. So»U Oaten Grafle,one headfeton another, and In>all fofc Oatcn-Giafl'e. Gramen Ave.aceum fitpiium trvexfe. Low Medow Oaten Graffe The leaves hereof are as fmaU as the lalt, an inch, or an inch and a halfe long, the (hikes are (lender and weake,lea¬ ning downewards with a few bearded hu kes lpike faihion atthetoppe. io. Gr/tmcn Avenacctim fujnnum fto/cujes becalwie. Long wingedOate Grade flowring likeRye. This Grade (preadeth many (lalkes or being able to rife up,of a cubit long, full of joynts, and fmall (Lore leaves on them,of awhi'ifti greenecolour, the toppesare fur, idled with route or live Oate iilte heads, butuiore winged and with (liort aunes, fomewhat hard and flowring like Rye. 11. Gramen Avenareum exile moUiccUis folijj , Small fofc leafed Oaten Graffe. This fmall Graffe is very like the Gramen exile duriu,, that it may eafily he mKUken. and differing from it onely m the leaves,that arc longer and foft,as the whole plant elfc is not halfe a foote high,and in the fpiked toppe, whole parts arc winged. 12 . Gramen Avenacettm altero alteriinnatum . Small Oaten Graffe one head fet on another. This fine (mail Graffe refembleth well the Gramen Xri- tam cum ma~ttimum^bzvinG l divers haire like leaves and hard, w:ch filch like ipan long ftalkes, fome whereof bearc their fmall fh'.i pehuskes at their toppes onely asothers doe, and ... * - others out of a tufr of leaves in the middle of the ftalke, fendeth forth an other fhort ftalke With fuch h P c huwkes on them as the other The Place and Time. _ , All thele forts grow in the fieldes of this Land,fome in one place,and fomc in another, as they have beene o. ferve^eithcr of plowed or fallow grounds,and ilower in the Summer feafon. R I BE C 1 be Theater of Tlants. Chat, 6. 1151 . v . The Names. Grade is called in Greeke 'in agrh proveniat, and sox. id eft, herb a by Theophraflm W "Jr "f co ®™??. to ad herbes : in Latine Gramenagraiindo. The feverall names of all theie Grades, areex-' by anybefor e' f Tlt CS ' 3S mucb as ‘ s conycn > er >t for them,being all of late obfervation,not fpecified that I know) T , , The Vermes. here is no elpeciall property knovvnetobe in any ofthembut are as yetonely knownc by their face and name. Chap. VI. Granina Av'nacca nemorum & momma. Wood and mountaine Oaten Grades. H E reft of thefe Grades,that doe refemble Oates (hall be ettpreffed here, whether they be found m Woods or on hills and mountaines,&c, J: Gramen mtmtanum Aver.aceum Clufij. Mountaine Oate Grade with hoary huskes. 1 his hath (lender joynted (hikes a cubit high, with very narrow and long leaves, and at the toppea long (piked head,bowing the head dole with woolly fhort huskes, containing (cede like unto thole of naked Oates, the roote is mad e of divers long fibres. , 2 -■ Graven momammavemceum alteram. Mountaine Oate Grade, without hoary huskes. 'hcotherare dlfferethn ° tin>nythlnStr0ml:heformer ’ buc in the f P lked head > whofe huskes are not hoary as _.. ,5 • Grtmen Aveaaceam rariore ghm»§icau:m. Oate Grade of Denmmke. . rl n n , £nd ^ r weake clca ' e ftalkes >» foote high, with long leaves on them,and at their toppe a weake and ked head > thmnely or fparfedly fet with fmall huskes.containingOatelike feede,the rooted llringie altsl 7 ’ gUndergr , 0Und - ^ be kke hereunto, but with ruih-like leaves, and woolly heads, siWahGramsnavcnaceumUmsgmo/am glnmUrariortbw. X ' T ..,:, r , 4 ' GramenavemcetsmXerampeliumDanicum. Red Oate Grade of T>enmarbe. I his is fomewhat like the laft.but With much lower (hikes, cleare and reddifti, the huskes at the tops of them ahunlyVoile^"^’ havin g thelike0atef£edcinch,:fn - A leffer fort hereof was found about Greene- i 3. Gramca montanum Avenactum^ Avenacewn rarioreglumajpicaturn. Mountaine Oate Graficjand oate GrafTe o{Denmarke 3 4 f. Gramm AvetjaccnnoXcrampeliara'DaMicittn (3T -dvtnaceum locuftu rubru. Red Oate Gralfe of Denmark and Oate Grafle with red huskes. , jS V 4; Jvi 5tl-M ?T<2 ChAP.6. T beatrum Botanicum, TrIB E 13 . 6. 7^ Gramen glumuvarijs,& Bromoidesfive ^Azcnaccum nutamc com* Jpicata. Party coloured Oate Grafle.And with few feedes. o. 8. Gramen Avenaceum villofagluma,0* A uenaceum fylvarum. Hairy wood Oaten Gmfi'e,and the other Wood Oaten Graffe. , Oate Graffe with red huskes. _ The roote hereof is long and white, like unto Quiche Graffe creeping in the ground, having next the ground narrowfliort leaves, where the (hike is redd,(h,but longer up higher .thehuskes that are let fparfedly at the tops, "lTon one fide for the moft part, are of a darkc reddifh purple colour, and white with,n, with fmall feedes ,n tbcm ' g Gramengbtmuvaries. Particoloured OateCEraffe. The leaves hereof arc greene, long,and narrow, from among which rife two or three, fmooth and brittle na¬ ked (hikes, a footc high, bearing a fhort fpike of fmall huskes of divers colours,the roote is thicke, covered with a t 0 U 7 f GaZnBrAvenaceum paHclgrannm nutante comafpica'a. Gate Graffe with fewfeedes This is fomewhat hairy all over,the leaves are of a fad greene colour, let on [hikes two or three cubits high,and at the toppes a fpiked bending head, having feven or eight fmall long huskes.w.th few feedes in them.th.s grow. cthneeie woods fides in many places. ,, n 8, Gramcn Avenaceum fylvarum. Wood Oaten varaite. The weake ftalkes hereof are halfe a yard high,with foft long narrow leaves on them, and at the tops of them a fewfhort huskes, and open like untofomeof the Oate Graffes before : the roote mnneth creeping in the 31041 ' 9 Gramen Avenaceum exile , Small Wood Oaten Graffe. This is (lendeter and fmaller in all the parts thereof, bnt handing a little more upright, the roote hereof is ft- brous,and therein differethmoff from the other. . , 10. Gramen Avenaceum viUofagluma. Hairy Wood Oaten ©ralte. The ftalkes hereof are two cubits high,with fmall narrow leaves,foure or five inches long, the fpiked head hath fotr.ewhat long and hairy huskes,diftinflly fet one above another, this is often found leffe by the halfe.the rootes are threddy and yellowifti. The Place and Time, Thefe doe all grow in Woods,and by Wood fides, on hils and the like places,where they flowrifh all the Sum¬ mer time. The Name j. The firft is temembted by Clufm, the fifth, and fixtb by BaMnw, the reft have not beejje fpecified by any other before. The frcrtHts. Nor.e of thefe are u fed in Phificke to any putpofe that f know! u Tr t B S I^, 'The Theater of "Plants. ' H A T. 7 - 11 5 Chap, V I L Gramen Afiliaceum, Millet Graft, SHere arc divers Grafts, whofe Tcathcrlikc toppes, doein feme fort refemble the bulhy coppe of Mil- kt.whereofl meant to entreaxm this Chapter, and unto them adde one or two other, which are I called Sorghinnm, becaufe they are more like unto Turkic or Indian Millet then the former Gramen Afiliaceumval^tre. Common Millet Graft The common Millet Graft, nfeth up with a joynted (lender [hike, with two or three fo'mewhat lame leaver thereon, and at the Coppe , a bulhy Ipreading tufte of many long Featherlike fprigges, confillin° of manv fmall chaffie huskes, within which lye imall (cede, which the fmall birds greedily devoure : the rooteis bnfcy and ft 2 ’ GramenUAfiliaceum alteram. Another Millet Graft, This other Millet Graft .hath a /mail weake Italke.a cubit high, with a few narrow leaves, foure or five inches 1 ong growing at the bottome, and two or three thereon at the joynts, the fcatherlike tuft at the toppe is fpread like the former, but the chaftie hnskes are much fmaller and finer t the roote is fibrous andreddiih. 1 " ?■ Gramen Aritndwaceum yxnnicula miliacea. A third fore of Millet Graft. This third fort hath iundry reede like leaves,growing from a white fibrous roote,yet fhorter then the lad a mong which rileth up a ftalkc or two, about a cubit high, with two joynts thereon towards the toppes, andnar- abouuhrcc md'es Um ” ftandlng at thcm ' at thc t0 PP cs whereof Ihndeth iuch a fcatherlike toppe as the fitrt, 0 £ _ 4. gramen Sm-ehinam. Indian Millet Graft,or Pipe Graft. The Indian Millet Graft which thc Flemmings call Pipe Graffe.and Label thereupon Gramen Sonars,m TUn. ,'°"T th , C boy T e - S „ th “ akc chem P‘P es of thc holl ow reedelike (hikes, growing halfe a yard hi-h or f u ■,?!? L ‘ U Hike leaves thereon,and a fpread fprked toppe of many parts above, fomewhat like Unto thw Indian Millet,and larger feedes therein then in Millet,the roote is fibrous. 5 - Gramen Sorghinamalteram. Another Indian Millet Graft. This other fort hath hollo w (hikes like the lad, but they are weake,bending downc to the ground, and fhoo- 1 ting out fibres therein, whcreby.it rooteth a frefh, having narrow long leaves on them, the (hike feeminn as IXmXje^fa^rtsare^malier. 3 P ‘ pe ’ ^ “ ** WppC ** * “ ke fprCad fpdcCd hsad as the ^tmer,wftl e The “Place and Time. i 1 hey doe all grow in Fieldes, and by the hedge fides, as well in out Land, as in any others,although obferved s. Gramen Miliaccum vulgare. tornmon Millet Gisfle. 4* Gramen Sorgbinwn. Indian or Turkic Millet Graffe. M '"i; fM ! 1 1 terri u54 Chaf.8. Tbeatrum Botanicwn , Tr I BE IJ. but bv few that ate curious in thefe minutes, and flowrilheth at the fame time with the reft. UU1, a ’ The Names. cfoicbyi’lw.and Gramcti[onorum Flandrorum ,as is before faid.and is the fifth GraiTe by Dedmutu, and \Gramen If^numWTahermontanL and Gerard, who calleth it in Enghfb Darnell Sraffe, but I follow the Latine or Dutch name. The laft is of Bauhimu his relation likewife. The pertttes. All thefe Graffes are neglefted.as not ufefull in Phyficke, and therefore left to the fmall Birdes to feede upon,' as they doe upon many other forts. Chap. VIII. Gramen Panic;am. Panicke Grafi'e. H Hprpbnfnndrv forts of Graffes that refemble the head of Panicke, fomentwly, and others longer. knowne, fome large, fome l'mall, all which cannot be comprehended m one Chapter, I muft there¬ fore fticw you fome here,and the reft after them. I Fttnicnm fylvefire herbanoyiint % W lid P anicke of trance. This Wild Panicke hath fome neererefemblance unto Millet, in the fpreading of the tufted head, beinu compofedof fundry parts.each nee.e refcmbling a Panicke head, and yet called MtUnm fjheflr; by fome. the iovntTd P ftalke with leaves thereon arc very like unto Panicke, yet much leffe in all, and therefore is by many lidtewife referred to Panicke, the roote is fibrous alfo like unto Panicke. likewile reter . M vt fl re fine*. Panicke corne Graffe With (ingle cares This finale Panicke Graffe, hath weaker and fmaller ftalkes then the former and fcarfe riling upright, with fbortcr leaves* on them, the toppes of the ftalkes are feyerally furnifticd with a fpiked rough head,flicking to any garment it toucheth, M. tohtail w ade PanickeGraffeof ‘Dalechampiw- aW.S8^£SSSSX»iSk •* TheKa[ecW0Olher lorchereof. Tanicttm [yl^eflrc berbttrlorum. Wilde Panicke of France, 4, 2,3. Tanicum fylvefire ariflu Lnzu,(plca[implicit Sylveftre Dalecbampij , cjmvaric/as. Bearded,finglc cared, and wild Panicke Grr.flc. the Tribe 13 . ‘ 7 he Theater of ^Plants, Chap* 9 . 1155 the one found in our owne Land,which is fmaller, the other at Santa Cruz in Africa, which is larger, and with a longer fpiked head,elfe little differing. 4. GramenPamciuta ariflit longtt Armatum. Bearded Panicke Graffe. The bearded Panicke Graffe,hath ffalkes and leaves,noc much unlike to the fecond fort of Faniclte Graffe, but larger and taller,having divers bro wne heades at the tops, one above another,armed with long and fharpe beardes or aunes like unto corne : the roote confifleth of many long fibres. y. Gramen Pamceumminui. The leffer Panicke Graffe. Thisis lefferthen any of the other be fore, having low bending [hikes a fpanne long, and fharpe long leaves thereon, with fmall long brownifh chaffie fpiked cares, likettnto thofeof Cockes foote Grafle.litfpariedlyat the toppes. 6 .Gramer.Pmiceumfj Iveftre Angllcum, C-Afrkum. Wild PanickGraffe of England and of Barbary. We have in divers woods with us, a wilde fort of Grade, whofe fpike doth well rcfemble the Panickesbe= fore,and we have had one like it,brought out from Barbary,differing onely in the largcneffe thereof,both in leafe and head from our Englifh. The place and Tim, Thefe Graffes grow ufually among mbhifh, and in walle grounds, and fonaetimes alfo in good and manured fieldes, bearing their toppes in Sommer,as others doe. The fames '. The firff as I faid.is taken by Clufltu to be Milium fylveflre, by Matthiclui Camerariut and others called PanC cum fjlvefire, and thereupon Label addeth herbariarum,beciuCe it was fo accounted by the mod. Cefalpimu cal- leth it PamcaftrcUe fpccies. LugduHexJit taketh the third to be the Heiba alba P/mij, and Tragus the (econd to be MiliariaherbaTlmij , which Cifa/pintu calleth Panicajlre/la , and Label Panic! effgie gramen fimplici sptca. The fourth and fifth,are Libels lecond and third Panici ejfgie gramen, And the lafl hath not beene mentioned by any before. • 7 heVertues. If the fecond or third, or any of their/^ceiej be the W£utcb Graffe with a tufted head. thofe Cm a P.9 Tbeatrtm 'Botantcum. I B E 13 ] thofethatgrowintheTieldesandMedowes, and then of the reft in their order. I. Cf rawer, pratenfcpanicn/atum molle. The foftMedoW tufted (Srafie. This fofc MedowGrafl'e,hath ilindry long and fomewhac broad fofc or woolly Graik-like leaves, rifing frorli a {"mail cufc of fhort white fibres, and from among the leaves rife up a ftalke.two or three, abouc ^ cubit high, with fome few leaves upon it, and at the toppe breaketh forth a fofc woolly fpiked head, much divided, whofe bloomings are reddifh. 1 . Gramen panic G&manicum odoratun Sweete Dutch GrafTe with a tufted head. The roote of this GratTc doth crcepe in the ground,being white, and full of joynts, (hooting o uc fibres at every 4.' GrdTr.cn pra'.en/e vt-lgat'm majui. The gi eater ordinary Mcdow Grafle, 4. Gramcnpratcvfe mir.ut. TheIcllcr tuftedMedow Grafle. T RI B S 13. TbeTheater of ‘Plants, Chap. io. 1157 I, Gramcnpanicula multiplied Medow. hard (Graffe, wich manifold tufts. J J y Z the ; are t;w^ubits h.gh'wtth but few /oyntson the^^ftfelhaves arc almolf aslong, and feme °7®,™ dt the height of the (la Ikes, being narrow and fmall at theends,bearingon each a much moreclofe 0"“,".°“ g n 7 fpre 3 klC ’ as thc former - and Which for the l'weeteneffe of them, are tyed infinaU ounaies, ana laide among garments,or lmncnto perfume them. - 3 . Gramen pamculatum anreum nut ante cgmx. Golden tafted Graffe. This golden headed Graft h^rh many long narrow leaves, like unto other fmall Grafts: the (hikes are a cubit high with a long tufted toppe,made ofl'undcy Pannicklesor fpikes’ bowing downethe head,and of a faire but pale yellowifb co¬ lour: thc rootes are many and blacke, (preading here and there under ground. 4. Gramcn pratenfe panicHhtum mujtu. The greater tufted Medow Grade. This common Medow Grade,hath many Graft-like leaves and among them fundry (hikes halfe a yard high, bearing a ■fparlcd tulr at the toppe of them, fomewhit refembling the fcatherahke head of thc W ater-reede. Hereoftherc is ano¬ ther Idler fort, and two other forts (mailer then they, the one with white tufted tops,and the other with reddilh tufted neades. .f. Gramen panicula multiplici; Medow hard grafl'e with manifold tufts.’ rhts rtfeth up with divers (pannclong [hikes, joynted, and aUcdebcnding downe wards, the leaves are fmall like graft and the tufted head or Panickle is very much divided, and when it is ripe.groweth hard and of a fad reddifh colour, the rootesare a thicke bufh of white threds. The PVue and Time. Thefe grow dll of them in Fieldes.and Medowcs, and are in their perfe&iomra the Sommer time 3 wh£n others arc. The Names, - * S C8 ^ C£ ^ Tobelfimmcnpaniculatttm m»Ue i and by Lugduner,^ fir amen lano/mm Daiecbsmpij : the fecond is called by Baubinus fir amen pamculaturo odoratum } and (Scrntanicum is tllo added,ufually by divers other Herbarifts. and Gramcn iaZr y j lnhab,tant:s wh c r c it is natural. The third is cal- Xed by Litgdunenjis fir amen aureum Dalechampij , & by Bauhi- G ™ men ? mictil *p^ndulaaurea: rhe fourth is called both byLebeland others firamen pratenje majui vulgatiu*, whereof as X laid, lome are in decree Icficr and letter then others: thc lealtred *.ort, being thc Gramen minimum of Lugdunenfis 9 , ■ The Vertucs. The Medow Graffe is of mod life in Phyficke, next to the Quiche-graflfe vet the a . ates, as the rootes of the other.and not the feedes.firv, ^r„ .r,. S i . ofttlefc ’ and not thtt can leaine, but the dry d he/b when t i» made H v is S " f 'l nCVCr Ufliouldbehercnumbredv/iththe other Mountaine kindes, but that I have (hewed it you in my former Booke. f, Gramcnmontanumpaniculajpadiccadclicatiorc. The fbft mountainePanicke(Sraffc. Fromafmall white roote with fhort fibres, fpring up three or foure j oynted (lalkes a footchigbj having a few fmall and fhort leaves on them,and fitch likewife at the the foote of the (lalkes, but few :n number, at the toppe whereof (landeth a brownifh panickle of three inches height, compofed of many very Imall huskes. This is fometimes found growing higher,and with larger Panickles. Alteram, 2. Cjramen fylvaticumpaniculatttm altijjimum. Tall tufted Wood Panicke Graffe, The roote of this Graffe creepeth in the ground, let with divers fibres from whence rife two or three very tall Icede-like (lalkcs.two or three cubits high,bearing faire broad greene leaves on them,like ar.toCjperiis.und at the :oppes many fmall tufted Panickles: both [lalkes and leaves are ib tough, that the Country Shepheards make hem cloakes therewith againfl the weather,and the Husbandmen make twine ropes, and traces for their Horfes :o draw their ploughes. The Place and Time. ! The firfl groweth on thehilsby Baffin, the other in theWoodsby Mtmbelgard. The Names. Bauhinus onely hath fet out thefe by the fame Names are in their titles. The Vertues. There is as little ufe of thefe,as of the former. Chap. XII. Gramen crifiatum &fpicatttm. Crefled and fpiked Graffe. Here are other forts of Graffes that beare Panickles or tufted heads, but they ufually grow in or neere waters,which (hall be declared in that Claffis is appropriated to iuchof that nature and quality. Thofe that beare crefled or fpiked heads,are of divers kindes,&c. T. C rumen criftatnm lene. Smooch crefled G'raffe. The white rootes of this Graffe do mate themfelves in the ground very much, from whence fpring up divers [mooth (lender flalkes.twu foote high,with few or no jovnts on them, and with fmall fhort greene leaves at :hem : the toppes of the (lalkes have flendcr long fpiked heads fet on them,divided into many parts,each where¬ of is like unto the creft of a Bird,whereof it tooke the nam.', being of a pale yellowifh greene colour, and fome* cime reddifh, Or as BaHhin wcompareth it to the head of Criflagalli, Cockes combe. 2. Gramen crifiatumfubhirfutum Hairy crefled Graffe. This other crefled Graffe,differeth from the former, op.ely in thefe particulars, the rootes are of a reddifh yel¬ low colour, lower and fmaller (lalkes, a little hairy or Woolly at the bottomes, with longer leaves, and a more [parked white head, not fo finely fet together,and groweth rather among the hedges and bufhes. 3-, Cjramen enftatum Anglimm. Englifh crefled Graffe. This kinde hath fewer and longer rootes,not matting and enercafing in that manner, the (lalkes are ftraighr with longer and narrower leaves on them, the fpiked head differeth from it,in being longer and defer fer, and rot fpread into tufts, but as it were into dole fhort huskes, the whole fpikefomewhat refcmblinga fmall long Fox-taile Graffe, this groweth plentifully in many by places neeie Hackney a little of from London, et Gramm j&O Chap.12, Theatrum Botanicum. T R 1 £ E i,2,3, 4 * Gramen criftatum Une^Crijlatumfuhbirfutum, Criftatwn Anghcum, & fpica multipMci, Smo oth,H airy. Englilh and double otefted Grades* 5 , 6 , 7 . Gramen praten/ejpicaparpurta. Spica favefientc'. t? (pica multiplier Purple,yt)low and rough fpiked Grade, 0 Gramen felijs C ary ophy lieis fpica fqtAmeia^ Gilloflower leafed Grade with afcalyfpikc, 4. Gramencriftatumfpicamtihiplici, Double EngliflicrelledGraffe.’ A variety hereof hath beenc found, bearing divers fnialler parted fpikes from the greater, and not differing in any thing, or very little elfe. 5. Gramm prateufe D aUchampij fpica purpurea. Purple red fpiked MedoW grade of Dalechampiw. This Medow Grade hath a bufh of white thteds for therootc, withmany Graffe-like leaves tiling from it, which arc both narrower,fofter,and greener,having divers fhort (talks not a (cote high, with two or three joynts on them.fet with leaves, and at the toppes out of a round skinne or huske,picked at the end,being the uppermort leafe.breaksth forthathicke, fhort, and fomewhat flat fpike, of a brave reddilh purple colour. 6. Cjramcu pratmfc fpica flavefeente. Yellow (piked Medow grade. This other yel'ow fpiked Grade differeth fo little from the lall,either in rootes,leaves,tafle, or quality, that di¬ vers have called the one the Male, and the other the Female, the head or (pike onely of this is of a pale yellow colour, and in fome places onhils,of a more reddilh and fhining colour, not er.doled in any ikinre of leafe, as the other,but (handing bare ot naked,being alfo flenderet and longer. 7, Cjramtn Tries 15. TbeTheater of '■'Plants. __ CHJVF. I£. T . . 7 ■ gramcnpratcxfejjiicamultiplici rubra. Ronoh Altai Cimfl* • ~ ' ! This fpiked Graflehathafmallrooteraadcof a few fine threds like hai r( . P ' from h* ■ leaves,ribbed all the length of them, and Co compofcd as is hardlv feenc from whencerifeloag and narrow are fo/oynted, as if one leafe grew out of another^ the top of the (hike Ihndeth'a veryltng tea^confiftineT" many more reddtfta fpikes, fet together one above another, then tn any other Srafle^d^taJSSS^ 8 - CttrfophjUeie. Spiked Medow Graffe with Gillyflower leaves <»„, Srownilh ytaM, ,ri he rootes mane under the upper cruft of the ground, foulding one within and oker another •chereTneihoof the greater or leffer cattle tha t will willingly feede hereon,as being fo hard and ftppeleffe that it (eeme h unfir to be'hh T“f“ 0r , n T r tht “; This cannot b£ MhZ of CefL, a W r ake 1 tobe.although m face it he fomewhat likeit, for the contrary qualities of feeding cattle,fheweth a rep^nancy Th' r ,, 9 ‘ Gillofloweflea'fedGraffe.with.fcalyfpke y ‘ This ItnallgrafTchath fmall long leaves,narrow and bowine- theftalkes a^e fmall anH y * * , . fpanne high, bearing at the toppe a fhort fealy head .■ therootes are fmalTbtackdh threds^” ““ Mch *°«* The Place and Time, vvheiothc^doe'titles grow in Fte-dsandPafturcs, orneere unto them, and flourifh at thetiire . The Names. The fir ft is the Gremen cnflutum Bauhmi of Label, andby Bmhirm himftlfe Gr&men tretenfe e.itt r gKumenfpicu criSUu brevi: The freond is a variety of the former, me“d by b 7 Z%TL?S T £Z is fetdownc,as ttgroweth with us, and howfoever thought by fome to a^rce with the former ver'h^ ^ fifth & ' V arc .‘“ one found rod,fter as is alfo fhewed, the fourth is mentioned as a variety of theia“”tte fifth hath h,s nametin his title,to be knowne whofe it is: The fixth is called by Lueduner.fu, cLmeTlbiJ' than . The feventh is the Grammfpicatum T>alechampij bv Ln P ar “‘ d fo metime s into two or three (fringes with many c r - r norcs tnereac a a na loms-what hairy at the toppe, fhoote forth fundrv heads nflravp* ■ 4. Grumen Cary epby Ileum [pica multiplier. Double fpiked graffe with Gilloflower leaves CS ’ nfriHofl a r00K com P ofed , of a b r uni ofm »»y reddifh hairy fibres aiife fundry fnort narrow leaves like unto -hof =S^. 1 lp, n ? WerS ’ ??°.“? whlch fpnn S vcr y man y (lender ftalkes,naked without is ynts 01 leaves fcarfe om H - & abovt the lea vesjfuftammg very fhortreddifhfpikes many fet together. ' J c .fcarlegrowing ■ , y- Grumen CaryophyIleum [pica varia. Variable fpiked graffe The blacke rootes hereof are fmall long and threddy, bufhing thicke to"ethtr tom u ,l M „ r ■ 1 ?T7 ,Tf kC th0fe 0f 0ill ° flowerf a ”°"S which grow fundry fmall naked (hike bearing T °, ^ TI,- , , 6 ‘ c ^ m '”C‘‘tyophy:ieu m Rabinum. .Theprincipal!Gilloflower^^"raffe Ggggg 7 . Gramers 1162 Chaf.i3. ‘Tbeatrum Botanicum . T R 18 E Ig. «. Gromcn Montanan [puatum clufij. Cb*fiut his mountaine fpikcd Graile* a. Graracn CarjopbiUcum mntaaumfpica varia . Variable (piked Grade. 7. Column*. Column his double fpiked Graffe. rj\ Grttminfficagim'iMCo’ litmus. Column 4 his doa¬ ble fpiked Graffe. .Froma fmall whitifhfi¬ brous roote, rife up diverfe weake and leaning joynted flalkes,with fmall Graffe- like leaves thereat, and at thetoppesofeach, twofe- verall fpikes, j'oyned toge¬ ther at the foote of them, dented on the edges with a middle 1 ibbe, betweene the foure angles, and confiding of three or foure towes of leaves, like fcales, in each whereofis conteined a lmal brownifh corned head. S. Gramenjyicanutante Ion* giffima. Along fpiked Graffe with a bending top,or Capons taile graffe. From among many long and narrow graffie-leaves, which by time & age, grow fomewhat rounder, arifeth a Gender flalke, about two foote high, with two or three fmall leaves at joynts up to the cop, where (ian- deth a very long fpike, ben¬ ding a little downewards, compofed of fmall and hai- ey cults. ' ‘ ' J " ,thc roote is fibrous and firingy. 9 Cr^mtu Tr t B £ !?■ ! he Theater of 'Plants. C K-n f H- ii 9 ^Grar»enjpi c ain}r.ettlat(iVirgim(ina, A gOudly Virginia grafts with a joy need lpike. 1 his goodly Virginia graffe groweth great,with many fairc large and broad Graffcbke leaves,very fmali poin¬ ted and iomewhat hard in handling, the ftalke is fomewhat great ami tall,bearing a long (pike sc the roppe, joyri- ted into fundry parts, each of them almofthalfe an inch apeece 3 being almoft round, yet a little flat: the rootc is bufliy and liveth long. 'The Tlace axvXTime. • . 1 htfe Grilles grow on hils.and in woods, fome of'them in germany, Italy and Virginia, and forne of them alfo m our o w ne land.as rime and diligence hath brought them to light, their flourilHing being with the red. The Names, The fir ft ofthefc is fo called by Clnfiiu as it is in the title, who faith he found it or the like, on the Sea coaftsof TUnders , Gerard hath it by the name of Gramen maritimum alteram. The fecond, third,fourth and fifth, arc men¬ tioned onely by Bwbmtu* by the lame titles they beare here,faving that whereas he intituleth fome of them by the name of .CaryephtUatum, 1 give it C*>jr 0 pbjlleum,ind as 1 thinkelcffe ambiguous, for C* r r°phU*t* herba difte- rcth much from CaryophjUm ,to the leaves whtreof,and not unto Carjophyllata , thefe Graffes have refemblancc : 1 befixch is called by Gtfnerin horth Gramen Allpintim Rabinum^uajiprsftantiu* ,<#• prtcipzxm, and by LobclRabi- R / V / Ur ”: 1 h . e icvench IS call ed by Column* Gramen JV W fl®o C ;<,and by Bauhin My Gramen (pc* aemina iJA'liilepedg pmilts. The eighth is the Capons taile graffc ofMafter Goodiers invention : The jaft came *fromV^- ***> aIld Mafttr lohn Tradefcant die younger brought it from thence alfo, with a number of ether icedes and rare plants. The Vertues 9 We have no evidence what properties thefo Grades have in Phyficke,but are onely left as food for Cattle, but the nfih is extolled by the naturalls of thofc places where icgroweth,to be mod lingular to caufe Cattle uo nive a- bundance of milkc. • Ch ap. XIV. PkaUris. Canary Graffc,' 1 • Phalat is lulgaris. Ccmuiun Caxwrv Graflc, Fihis Graffc there are three fpeciall varieties to be declared in this Chapter, but there are bullard forts which fliallbe fhewed in the next. Tl ^ 1. Rh*laris vulgaris. Common Canary graffe. ~7 TT" _ he common Canary graffe is but an annual! plant, to be new fowne every yearewith that will lee it grow, bearing juynted ftalkes halfe a yard high, with grafile leaves on them like at the toppe a round chaffie head fomewhat pointed above, xyhoft blooming* are yellowifb, wherein 1\ e fiat round (hi- uig (ctde,bigger then Millet,and lefle thenLi&leede, ofa yel- lowifli colour: and fomewhat like to the feed of Se/amum s the rootc is fibrous,dying every Winter with us. a. Pbalarit fcminc nigro, Canary graffc with a blackifh feede. This other difFereth not from the former, but in being Iomewhat leffer both inftalk,Ieafc l andhead,and cbicfc- tv in the feede, which is of a pale blackilhand fhinins colour a pne rooce hereof perifheth like the former. 5- Phalaris bulbofa femine albo,' White bulbed Canary graffe. "ibis Graffc ilfo groweth very like the former, but with lmvil(cr,tendcrer,and taller joynttdilalkes and leaves on them and at the rootc more foft and gentle, the fpiled heads are fmaller and a little longer, and not fully fo dole growing to¬ gether, fof ter alfo in handling,and bringing fmalie'r, bu -whi- tcr feede in them then the fo.mer : the rootes are many fmali white bulbej, growing in tufts together with long fibres, defending from them, whereby they aic fattened flrolislyin the ground and dye not every yearc as the others doe, fit en- crealcinto gtcat tufts. The Place and Time. All thefe forts have beene found growing in Steam, and brought usi by Btcl, with fome bafiard forts, and many other things: The firft hath beene of many yeares knowledge, and brought us from the Canary Hands with thole fmali fweete finging birds, which wee call Ca> ary Birds, whole f oode thefe ftedes are. Lolel faith it groweth alio in Preveace France, Bmehimu faith that the fecond came out of Malta wWthokbn desfeedeonit. They all are ripe with us in The Names » It fs called in Greeke*^,, tn Latine alfc Malar it, and fo by all Writers, yet T)alecbampiur on PI,ay taketh it to bee ihc^UnmakeramcilheephraJl^ and is of centime ufcd in , G sess ^ divers othet us, by them Bailey, and Head c H AF.l^i Theatrum Botanicum- R !B E 13. The Venues. „ , , . . , , . Tn i r „,-j„ into bread butithatb as little ncunfhment tlerem as Mtllet.or Canary feede is tn fume places and Ifiand made » brcadbn « te thc l.fler.which elfe would be rather leffer.and.therefore to mend it fom“O 1 '**®’ 1 ; profitably ufed to cafe the tormenting pair.es too brittle and dry. Thejuyceo t ... Hifeaf-a ot the bladder, and thefcummeaHo is of the like property as gZ faiTt'ftisasI 1 (aid* the V neereftlbftitute for Millet in any cataplafme or fomentation, that is tried to drye a id repreffe the fluxibility of humours. 6ramiuu Pbalaroides qnatuor fpecies. The foure forts of baftard Canar) Graflc. Chap- XV. of a fhining aftic colour, and fof tin han¬ dling. . 4. gr amen Pbalaroides fpica hirfutiore . More hairy baftard Canary gratte. This is fomewhat like the laft,but hath more ftore of leaves and (hikes, rifingfrom the roote which is living: and thc ipiked head is longer, narrower,and fet with fhort haires. The Place and Time. Thc firft as l faid,groweth in our fields, as well as in other Countries. The iecond in Sp*i#*.The third in Germany about Times. And the laft by the pathes going through many fields in this country, and flourifh in Inly. The Thames. io/'e/calleth the firft fort her e,Grame» PhalareidisfecunJum, but in Gerard, Gramcn Alopecnroides majus: Batshintts calleth it Gramcn P halaroides maju* five Italic:*™, the other two are called by Bauhinut according to their titles, and faith withall, that the learned about Vlines where it is frequent, doe call it Grocer don fix om the colour ol it. Thc laft is riot mentioned by any before that I know- The Vertues. . Thefe being very like unto thc true ThalarU, may come as neere in vettuetothe foimer, as theydoem!«ce but yet wee have no certainty thereof. Chap. XVI. Phalaris prateufis five Gramcntrcmulum. Quakers, or Maidenhaire graflc. J^Fcaufe, as I faid thefe kindes ofSraffes doe differ in their forms from the other, it was fitted to fepa- 'I 0 ))>A rate them,and joy tie the molt likely in a Chapter together. IITyVvv Phalari* pratenfs major, five Cjramen tremulum maximum. JlXJMi, The greateft Quaking grade,or Lovely graffe. . . . This greater kinde hath many narrow Graflclikeleavesjfcoth below and upon the joyme j - which are a foote high and better, on the toppes of the ftalkes ftand a number of (mall fiat and long, lomevvhat fcaly heads, greater then the next, and each of thefe arc on a fine hairy footeftalke and pendulous, which are fometimes of a whitilh colour when they are ripe,and fometimes of a brownifti green colour, being fhaken with any the Icaft winde that may be. 2. Gramen tromnium medium, Maidcnhaire graffe,or the IcfTer quaking gralfe. , ' r This lefler fort groweth lomevvhat like the former, with fewer leaves and ftalkes,and a large panickle or tufted head,of : greener, fhorter, and rounder fcaly pointed eares, (landing on fmaller or finer footcftalkes then the former, which are info ‘ continuall motion,that the mod fteddy hand cannot hold them fromftirring. Oftni&kinde Bool brought usanocherout of • Spaine , fome what greater then it, and of an oblurc or fullen : looty colour, in nothing die differing. We have alfo two ocher forts hereof, growing in Vpland Comefieldes, as at Hatfield, &c. onthegraflie balkes there, little differing in leaves or ftalkes from the laft, the heads one- ly are a little Icfl'er, and fo is the whole panickle alfo, the one whereof is party coloured, of purplifh and greene •• the other of draw colour and white. 3 . Grumen treotulum minus panicultt pnrvit. Small Quaking grade. The roores hereof are rcddifh.crceping here and there,from . whence rife two or three (hort ftalkes, with few jovnts, and fmooth narrow greene leaves at them,as the many that grow below are, but out of the uppermoft joynt, and the leafe as it were out of a hofe,brcaketh forth a fmall long fingle fpikeof fmall fealv heads of a brownifh colour, with yellowifli bloo¬ mings at their feafon,which is the Spring. Of this kinde there is another found in^^fcoigne, whole panickle is morebranched,fomcwhat like the fecond kind,but Handing clofer together. 4. Gramen Thalaroides minus fupinum ‘Danicum Lobelij , Low Quakers of < Z ^enmarkc. This Graffe groweth low. lying or creeping upon the ground with many fmall fhort leaves, and greater ftalkes then is proportionable for.the fmallneffe of rhe plan: 3 .'not above two or three inches long, having at the toppes of them a fmall (lender fpiked eare,feparated into a few fmall chafftc pointed heads, of a whitifh colour being ripe,the roo:c is of a browniiT colour and hairy. j.j. Gramen iremulum maximnm Hifpan’-t & minus. The fmall Quaking graffe and 1 he grearr'* - f tbame called Pearlc Graffe. 4 Gravten Phalaroides Vnnicum & alteram minimum* Low Quakers of Den mat^e and tnc other fmall one. Tbeatrum Botanicum no 6 CiiAP.17, T RIBS IJ. Minimum. There is another fmall one with (mall (hort leaves and ftalkcs, lull of fmall fcaly hcadssUpon very Chore footc- flalkes* Gramen tremulum maximum album Hifianicum. The greateft white S pani/b Quakers,Or Pearle grade. This greater white ^vanijb kindeis a fmall grade, with llender (talks, and a few foft grccne leaves on them, at the toppes whereof hand the greateft and flattilh foft fcaly heades, of any of the other before, arid of a filver fin¬ ning white colour,very bcautifull to behold,each muchlike unto the head of an hoppe handing on a fmall thred- like footelfalke as the others doe, but are alrnolt as moving and ftirring as the other : the roocc is fmall and fibrous perilhingevery yeare with ns, and feldomeriling againeby it ownc fowing, but of the lowing thereof in the Spring,vet lowing it felfc in S paint, and abiding there all the W inter,in regard they have no frolls. 5 The Place and Time. All thefe k indes of Grades doe grow in the Come fields.fome in Ley grounds, and others in dry Medowes.and PafUires. The firft and fecond with the fcverall forts of it in our owne Country as well as in Spain',Italy, or elfe- where, the other forts are all of them fpecified in their titles or defections where they are natural]. They flou- rifh fomewhat earlier then divers other Gtaffes. The Names. The firft is called by Lobel Gramen paniculefum phalaroides, by Clu/itu Gramm amourettes cjuaf, amatorinm or amabite Lovely grade, by Tdodontnt Gramtnpratenfe fextum,by Lugdunenfs gramenfiliceumfivepolyantbosfccun- dam , by Tabermontarus Gi amen paniculatumfativum, and io Gerard from him, by Bauhintu Cjramen paniculn elegantijftmitfive majus , and I have called it Phalaria pratenjis major, jive Cjramen trtmulnm majus, bc- caufe it bcarcth the greateft number of heads of any the reft 1 The lecond is called Phalaru praterjit minor by Le¬ tt l, Amourettes tremblantesby Clufim tV £gilops by Tragmytni Gefner inhortss, and Gramenpolyanthus by Lugdu. nenjit : The third is called by Tatthmut according to the title, making it the fame or very neerc unto Thahu, his fmall fort ofGraffe, and the other kinde thereof Gramen tremnlum minus panicula magna, and Aquitanicnm by Lobelia his llluftrations, that he intended to publilh: The fourth is called as it is in the title: the laft is called by Bauhintu Gramen tremulum maximum, and queftioncth if it be not Pbalarii altera oi fafalpinus, Cln/itit inbis cure pofleriores ma-:eth mention hereol,by tbc name of Cjramen amourettes majore panicula candicante , which he faith Boel fliewcd him as he brought it out of Spaine, but he gave it me firft, by the name of Gramen elegant lupuli glumit, and is now adayes amongour gentlewomen much efteemed, and called Pearle grade, the forts of the fe¬ cond kinde arc by them called Maidenhaire graffe,or rather Meade hairegraffe: The T)utch call them Leif lick;, and we ordinarily Quakers,or Shakers,or Quaking graffe,&c. TheVertues. The chiefcft ufe that thefe gtaffes are put unto, is for Gentlewomen to weare on their heads or armes, as they would doe any fine flower or pretty toy to behold, as alfo put into wreathes and Garlands, that the Country peo¬ ple make for their f ports and paftimes, And hath no ufe in Phyficke for any Medicine that I can heare of. Chap. XVII. -dlopecuro: genuina. Maxima & altero Anglica, The three forts of Fox c-taileGrafles. Alopecuros, Foxtaile graffe. I handled the Phalaris, fowill I the Alopecuros j thatisfpeakeoftheve»»i»e kind in this < hapter, and joyne unto it fuch as are liked thereunto, and lpcake of the baftard kinds in the Chapter follow- I. Alopecuros genuina. The true Foxe-taile graffe: The true Foxe-tailc grade groweth up with two or three foft hoary (Talks about a foote high, with fmall long and nar¬ row foft leaves on them,as hoary as the ftalks,whereon (band foft woolly, or hoaty heads, fomewhat long and round, be- fet round with foft haires,of a pale draw colour, refembling the tails of a Foxe, whereofit tookc thename: therooteis fmall, and made of a few fibres which perifheth yearely. 7. Alopecuros altera Anglic a,& Flandrica. Another Foxe-taile graffe like unto the former. This other Foxe-taile graffe hath leaves and rootesnot much unlike to the former but longer, and the ftalkes grow higher,the heads alio are rounder, andfhorter, and nothing ft) woolly or hoary. 3. Alopecurot maxima Anglica The greateft Englifh Foxetaile graffe."' This greateft Foxe-taile graffe growethtobe halfeayard or two foote high, fometimes having faire large leaves like unto Wheate but larger, fet at the joynts, and at the toppes, large great, full foft and woolly heads like the former, but much greater and longer, either higher or lower. The Place and Time, The firft of thefe is not found naturall in Png! and,as the o- thers are,butgrowethin diverfe places about Momptlttr in France ,we oncly have it in our gardens for curioficy. 1 1 BE The Theater of 'Plants, J , < The Names, ' Ic is called in (Srceke t Alopec tiros, and fo in Latine which is Cauda vulpfr, and lo they call it at Afom^. pc/icrzs Label faith; P 4 # 7 feem;th call 1C s*A.ep?p@- StelephuroSyLugdunenfls callethit gramen tcmentohum Alo* pecrtros veraplinij & Theophratti . The fecond Zo^/callcth as it is in the title, becaufe he found it in England as well as FUnders. and is that which Dodontiu calleth Alopccuros. The iaft Lobel found in the Weft parts of this Landjbecvveene Portfmottthy and the Ifle of Wight, and called it Alopccuros maxima Anglo Britannica } and hath noE becneknowne to any before. , . , TheVertues. There is no fpeciall property found to be in any of thefe for Medicine, but to be worne onely as a coy, in mens or womens hats. , Chap. XVIIL . gramcit Alopccurodes . Baftard Foxe-taile gutter jHerc are divers forts of thefe wilde or baftard Foxe-taile graffes, fame greater, other letter, ail which 11 meane to comprehend in one Chapter,feeing theyareof nogre at moment, and but to content the »curious, yee I matt fhow you tne greater firft.and the letter after them ‘ I. Cjramen Alopec uroides majm. The greatet,baftard Foxe-taile gratte. l he greater of thefe wild Graffesfifcch up with a ftalke two cubits high, with few leaves long tnd narrow on them, the fpike is fomewhat great and long, refembling the former, butnotfofofc or Woolly. Hereof there is a letter fort, differing chiefly in the fmallncffe,being ifomc what fmaller but longer. 2 . gramcn AlopectirotdssAfricKm, Baftard Foxe-taile gr'affe of Africa. . &**«*- This African hath at fame part of the ftalke fmall long leaves,fet by thsmfelves at the joynts, and at others di- verfe together, the head or fpike is fomewhat great and very long,woolly and foft,as the other, the roote is great and long* 1 2 3 • 3 . Grtmc* Alopecttroides ettfpidatum maximum Anglicum . Our baftard Foxe-taile graffe of the greateft flze. This hath many long narrow leaves, riling from a bulhy roote, and among them ftalkes two cubits high 3 with few ;oynts and leaves on them,at the top whereof ftandeth the longeft fpiked head of any other, fomewhac pointed at the top,and broad at the botcomc, let about with white haires on the huskes,which are fomewhat like tochofcofOates. . .. 4 - Ah y- c -‘ r °'' ,ies cxftidMum mtjuf. Great fpiring baftard Foxe-taile grsfle. This is Lome what like unto the firft fort here in this Chapter expreffed, but that the lpikcd head is longer and >. Graven Alopecttroides majta. - The greater baftard Foxc-uik Grafle. S»!? • iM l! || 1 m;.v \ M# '/?; iji . i ■: " ■K ins m GO Tbeatmm Botanieum, Cm a p.i8. Tribe 13. 2, 3. Graven Alopccuraides Africumet cu/pidatum maximum Anglican* Baftard Foxe»taile Grade of Africa* And Ours of the largeft fizc. J. Gr amen Alopeiur aides alterumradicerepente five P/eudofchtenantbum Mouftelicnjium. A Baftard F«Xe-taiie Grade called Squisoqt at Mowpelier. $. Gramen Ahpecuro'idet fpka afptra hevi Snore rough cued baftard Foxejailc Grafted 7: Gramen AlopHturoldet /pica lortga rnjus. The greater long eared baftard Foxe mile Grade. T R l B £ IJ. TbsTbeater of ‘Plants. Chap. 19. 1169 8 . Gruteen A'.opeturoides minus fpick a’jtro lor pa. Small rough long eared baftmd Foxetailc-grafc, fpiring upward that is fmall at the toppe and fonaewhat broad below, with Oaten-like huskesfet on them) and that the leaves are more, and much (horter. $. Grumen Alopecuroides alteram radice repexte jive PfeudofchaKanthnm Monfpeliffittm. Abadard Foxe-taile grade, called badard Sqinant at Mompelier. Idoe acknowledge, .that this Grade might not unfitly have becne placed among the Sea plants and Rudies, but in regard the head doth To neere refemble the badard Force taile-graffef, let me by your patience infert it here,whofedefeription is thus. It fomewh it relembleth the greated Hnglilh Foxe taile-grade, de- feribed in the Chapter before, differing in that this hath thicker, harder,and differ leaves,like unto Rudies, the head or fpike is long and clofe, even five or fixe inches long, of a filverlike (hi¬ lling colour, bu f the bloomings are ofa pale red, and thehuikes redder,which when it hath flood fong.beginneth to open it felfe, and (lie weth lomc downie matter for the winder the roote cree- peth along tinder ground,(hooting forth leaves and (lalkes in di¬ vers places. d. Cramers AlopecuroidesJpicaa/perabrevi. Short rough eared badard F oxetaiie-grafie. This (mail rough eared grade rifeth up.with two or three up¬ right but (mail flalkes with fome what narrow and fofc leaves on them, at the toppe whereof dandeth a thicke and fhort rough head,about an inch and a halfe long not fully but as it were halfe round.thedalkeon thebackefide beingas it were bare, (b that it feemeth to fiand buc on one fide: wherein is (mail white feed contained; the roote is fmall and white perifhing yeareiy. 7. Grarnen Alopecuroides Jpica lengn ma'jm mime. Great and (mall long eared badard Foxetaile-graffe. Thefe Grades, are one not much unlike another, the one being greater,and the other fmaller, both in (talkeand leafe, the fpiked heads are long and (lender, and of a whitifh colour. S. |jranten Alopecuroides mimes fpica afpera longa . Small rough long eared badard Foxetaile-grafle. This dibercth (rom the lad in being greener, more doted with Italkes and leaves, and the fpiked head more (lender long, and rougher alfo. 9. Gramen Alopecuroides minus cufridatim. Small fharpe pointed badard Foxetaile-sriffe" J he italke hereof is about a foote high, dorediut with few joynts, and (hort narrow leaves on them, the feike or eare is a!mod as big as the lad but (harper pointed, and with fome peeces growing out of the fides. . Grarnen Alopecuroides cufpidatttm minimum. The lead pointed’badard Foxetaile-graffe. rhisisjeflerthen any ofthem before, in dalkes and leaves but longer in both, as the fpike or eareisalfnlvJnm very fmall and flender and pointed at the end. P 5 a “° 0cin 6 The Place and Time, All thefe Graffesexcept thefecond and fifth.doe grow in the fieldes and medowesof otir land fome neere Lon. by the'sel fide otwiJ"w° therS &Kf,3nd keepe the fame time ot flounftlin S with the red. The fifth as is The Names ♦ The fird fort of thefe Graffes.both the greater and the Ieffer are expreffed by LobelmA others, underthe name an n Ca “ d * , Thc leco , nd ^“'brought us out of Barbary. The third and fouth we fme f' , T Clt es > 33 well as to it. 1 he fifth is called by Tabermsntanus and Gerard, Schanaatham adtelterimm and bv Lo - ‘ftMfolijs Schananthi, but afterwards altering the title, he fet it with thefe Grades, and! cal e?h r r iS! ° tIC e he o C : fixth IS callcd b y L "l d “”'*F‘£ramen Echiaatum Dalechampif, but Baubmua are ca led?<, T Alo f ecHmdt ^ ca 4 /*«. The feventh and eighth are called by Bauhimx, Cramer, T,pboides M & are called by otners Gramen Alopecurmum , as the lad are alfo. ^ Tf- . TbeVertues.. i hndc nothing remembred by any,whereto any of thefe are profitable. Chap. XIX: Gramen Typhinum ml Typhoides. Cats taile Grade. nliKes^ wlierfo'!- Ca ^ s ^ m this place, being referred to the wet and moorffi fortsof CatsTaile Gra^s!™ 61 "^^ am0n ® «her of the like nature, yet I will here (hew you the . *■ Gramen Typhoides maximum. Thetgreated Cars taile Grade, which'dandlonn IT T, W u h ‘r Urge fca Y“ ‘ ike whe3tc > and folkes two foote high, era blSS I'jo Cm a p.19, Theatrnm 'Botanieum . Tribe 13. %. 4. Gramen Typbixum max & Danicum minus f The greaceft Cats uilogcaffc and the Danifli. a. G rumen Tytbinjim medium pie lulgatifivr.vm. T he cioft common Cats taxlc GraJ 2 c. bits high, and the fpike fomewhat fliotter and fmaller to the soppe. 2. Cramen Tjphinum medium five vulgatiflimum . The moft common Cats taile Graffe. This GralYe that is molt common in our more barren grounds, differcth not but in the fmallnefle from the former,the (hikes not eifing much above a foote high,and the round fpike two or three inches long: the rootes have fmill round heades like bulbes,from whence the leaves doe fpring and encreafc there. 3 . gramenTyphimtmminue, The leffer Cats taile graffe. This differcth not from the lad, but inhaving more (lore of narrower greenc leaves and leffer ftalkcs with fmaller long {len¬ der l'piked heads. Cramen Tjphinum Danicum. The Danifti Cats taile graffe, Thi-Dani(hkinde hath leaves and ffalkes much like the laft, and differcth in thefetwo things onely from it, firff 'in having Shorter fpiked heads and more rough, and next that at the bot- tomes of the ffalkes next above the roote, they have two (mail knots or bulbes one as it were fetupon another. 5. Cramen Typhinumalterum Zelandicum. Dutch Cats raile graffe. This Graffe is fmaller then the laft,both in leafe and ffalke,yet but little in the head or fpike, thechiefeft difference from it is, that it hath two little bulbes one upon another among the rootes, 0 . Cramen Tjphinum Harlemenfe. Harlemt Cats taile graffe. P This differcth little from the Danifh kinde, but in being leffe both in ffalke and leafe, and having cw« finall knots above the roote Sjbut leffe evident. § M 7 he Tribe i}. The Theater of plants, Chap.qo. 117 s The Place and Time. The three firbareoften found in our owne land, but the threelab not knowne as yet, and doe a.l keeps the fame time with others. The Names. ' The firitfeerefet downs,is no doubt the fame with the firft andgreateb GramenTjpwidat of Hmhimu. ffcc fccond hath heretofore beenecalled QramenTjphitthmmajtuby divers, I he third is llkewue called mintu. The other three have their names in their titles, not being mentioned by any before. TheVertucs. Thcfe arc as unprofitable for any Phyfical! ufe as the lab. C h * p. X X. Gramen Cypercidcs. Cipertu Grades. iF Cyperus Graffes there are a great number.fomc growing in watery and moorifh places, either up- 1 land or neere the Sea,others in the corners and borders of fieldes or Woods, or the moiber places of them, which (hall be declared in this Chapter and the other in the next Clafiis hereafter, and firlt of that fort that partaketh both with Cyperus and Typha, to the one in the leafe, and to the other in the head. t. Cyperat Typhimu. Cats taile Cyperus Grade. This Cyperus Sraffe hath many long narrow three fquare hard greene leaves riling from a bufhye roote, a- mong which rife up diffe greene flalkes, two foote high and better, with fome Joynts and leaves at them, and at the toppes two or more (lender long rough he-ades fet together one above another,like fome of the Cats tailes.and of a darke greene colour tending to purple. 2. PJendocyperm graminem five Miltaceut. Tufted baflard Cyperus grade. This Grade hath divers, faire,long,and fomewhat broad, and Ihorter, paler greene leaves then the lad, from whence arife three fquare ftalkes like Cyperus, about halfe a yard high, let with leaves from the bottome to the middle of the bailees, compading them at the bottome, the toppes being furniCbed with a larger tufted head, then is equall for the plant, wherein is contained the feede ; the rooce is biackifh and bufhie. y. Cjramen Cyperoides fylvarttm termiusjpicatum. Slender cared Wood Cyperus grade. The balkes of this grade are three fquare,a foote high or more, withfaire, but hard and rough graffie leaves; foure or five inches long, the fpiked headcstliat grow at the toppes are many, one above another, fienderand long,yet fome more then others,as fome of two inches, others of one inch, or an inch and a halfe of a yellowifh grccr.e colour with long yellowifh feedes in them,with yellowifh great and dringy rootes. 1 . Cyperui TjpWnui. Cats taile Cyperus Grafle. %. 7 J feacIocjperus gramincui five Mili:ceut. Tufted baft ax d Cyperus G.raftei V. Qx«m 1172 c H A P. 20 1 Theatrum Botanicnm. Tr IB E 13.' Gramen Cyperoides fytv.num degans } multifc T o fpica ( 9 * echinatum CMontanum. Slender eared graQc 3 with many head*,and the mounrainc Cypcfus Grafle. 4 G rc.mer. Cy peroides elegans mult if era [pica. A fine Cyperus Grafle with many heads. This Grafle hath flender triangular flalkes about two fooiehigh, the leaves are long and narrow, with a long, pointed fpiked headjmade of many fmall ones, fo dole let together that they feeme to be but one fpike or head. 5. Gramen Cyperoides echinatum montanum . Monntaine prickly Cyperus Grafle. The flalkes hereof are three fquare, and not much above a fpanne long,the leaves below, and on them are very long and narrow, the heads are fhort, with many rough buries •n them, fomc feparated and fome dole. 6 . Gramen Cyperoides fparfapanic#la Alta, Porta . Land Cyperus grafle with a difperfed tuft. The long leaves hereof are of a browne greene colour, and fome what flatbetweene a rulli and a grafle : the ftalkc alfo is fomewhat more flat then fquare, fomttimes but one cubit high, and iomeumes two or three, thetoppe where¬ of is furnifhed with a large round fipread pannickle made ol many parts, and each (mall prickly head flanding ©na (lender footeftalke, which oftentimes is bent downc with the weight of the heades: the rootes is full of fibres. 7, Gramen Cyperoides Nortvegicum parssm lanofttm . Cyperus grafle of Ncnvcy, a little woolly. The flender flalkes of this grafle grow about two fpans high,the bottomes of them being a little woolly,and having at the middle onely a Joynt with a leafe, the lower leaves fee clofe upon the ground three or foure inches long,fome* whit like thofe of the grafle Crowfootc: the heades of the flalkes have fmall round fbiningeares on then\ofapalc , browne colour, with a fmall long leafe under every head. , ^ ^ , IXI dwlT^a” ^ crc ^ ave bcene two forts of this kinde of grafle, found ncrc-unto High gate, the one fmaller then this, but duplex v-J rietat. 6, 7 . Gramen Cyperoides fparfa panicula (9* Uorwcgicum par am lanofum Cyperus Graflewith a difperfed tuft, and of Norway a little woolly. % 10. Gramert Cyperoide s fpicatm l itifolium, (? ulteitl’O. Broad leafed Cvpcrus grafle of two forts. with RIB* The Theater of '"Plantr. h a r.21. n With moreltore ofburrcsat the heads ofthe dalkes. The other greater and bmo; hat hyhet'ihen that of A'< 7 T S. Gr*mt»Cjftnii I ■ ’ 11 : . !' I .IK,’ V ; ".| I m i 1 I 'pm I I ji" ' I 1 »■ Chak XXL, Cjramcn Caninam. Dogs grade,pr Quich grade, . .. v Sgt F the Dogs grades there are many forts fome growing in fields, and other places ofthe Vpland around ? Others ln the heldes nere the Sea : of the former we will foeake here.andof .• p . ““gram*. J In,among the Sea plants. ‘ ^ ^ ^ ^^ere^of theX • the ne ~ x£ guicl, grille aud with» (pe a d panidde. 174 G H A p * 21 > Tbeatrum Botanicum. T r i b k 13. i. Gramen Caninum vulgatius. Common Quich grafle. It is well knowne to all I thinke, that this Grade creepeth farre about under ground, with long white joynted rootes and (mall fibres almoft at every ;oynt,vcry fwcete in tafte (as the reft of the herbe is) and interlacing one another, from wheece fhoote forth many faire and long graflie leaves,fmall at the ends, and cutting or fharpe on the edge*:the ftalkes arc joynted like come,with the like leaves on them,and a long fpiked head,with long huskes on them, and hard rough feede in them. 2. Gramen Car,mum longiw radicatum^Gr paniculatum. Quich grafle with a more fpread panicklc. This differeth very little from the former,but in the tuft ot panickle,which ismore fpread into blanches, with fhorter and broader huskes, and in the roote which is fuller greater,and farther fpread. 3 . Gramen Caninum latiore panicnla minus * The lefTer Quich grafle with a fparfed tuft. This fmall Qnich grafTe hath (lender ftalkes, about halfe a foote high,with many very narrow leaves both be¬ low and on the ftalkes,the tuft or panickle at the toppe is fmall according to the plant, and fpread into fundry parts cr branches: the roote is fmall and j*oynted,but creepeth not fo much, and hath many more fibres among them then the others have, and is a little browner, not fo white but more fweete. 4. Gramen Caninumfupmum arvenfe: Low bending Quich grafle. This creepeth much under ground, but in a differing manner, the ftalkes taking roote in divers places, and fearfe railing tbemfclves up a foote high, with fuch like greene leaves as the ordinary .but fhorter,the lpikcd head is bright and fparfed, or fpread abroad,fomewhac like the Field grafle. 5. Gramen Caninumfupmum Monfpelienfe . Low bending Quich graffe of Montpelier . This differeth very little from the laft in any other part thereof, then in the panickle or fpiked head, which is krnger and not fpread or branched into parts as it is. 1 5 . Gramen exile tenftifolium Canariafimile jive gramen dulce y A fmall fweete grade, like quich grafTe. This fmall grafTe hath divers low creeping branches,and rooting at the Joyntsas the tw'o laft,having many fmall and narrow leaves on them,much lefle then they, and a fmall fparfed panicklc, fomewhac like the reddwai fe grade. 4. Gramm Caninum fapinum arienfe. Low,pending Quich Grafle. 5. Gramen Caninum fupinam Monfcclicn/e, Low bending Quich Grafle of MompJicr. 7 . Gramen Tribe 13. The Theater of ‘Plants, Chap*22. 1175 7. Gramm mKr arum radicerefente, Wall graffe with a creeping roote. This Wall graffe from ablackifh creeping roote,come forth many lmai ilaikcs a foote high,bend,ing or crooking with a few narrow Ihort leaves on them,at whofe toppes Hand fsnall white panickles,of an inch and a halfe longj made of many ftnall chafEe huskes. The Tlace and Time. The firft is nfuall and common through the Land in divers plowed grounds, which trcableth the husbandmen asmuchaftertheploaghingupoffemeofthcm, as to pull up the reft by hand after the (pringing, and being ra¬ ked together to burne them,as it doth Gardiners where ithappenech,to weed it out from among- their trees and herbes: the fecond and third are nothing fo frequent,and are more haturall to fandy and chalkye 'grounds: the three next are likewile found in fields that have beene ploughed and doe lye fallow, and the lalt is often found growing on old decayed walles,in divers places: they all keepe the time of Sommer with the reft. 7 he Names, This is called in Greeke nfually «Vf‘“srt ) that is (imply Gramen, as of moft ufe,and in Latine gramen (aninum^g Label Gramen Canariitm,medkatnm, from Fluty who firft called it Canaria epuafiacanibuf invent a, qua faslidium deducant^vomitum citmpituita/rejicientes hinc ^ynogrojlis alqs, & a foliorum prime predeuntium forma qnibn/d.zm Deui Cants dicitnr. Gefner itihortis callethit, gramenDiafcoridie, and ocher Authors call it onely Gramen, and Lrtgdunenfis G rumen vulgare, The iecond and third Label called in his other part tothe Adver[aria,GramenCa- uarium longius redkatnm,ma)w & minuted I thinke is alfo the gramen Caninum vine ale of Bauhimu. The fourth Label calleth Gramen Caninnm/upinum y znd added arvenfe afterwards to it: the fifth is fo called alfo by him, be- caufeit was fent him from tJMompelier. The fixth is the Gramendulce of Label, The lalt is fo called by Banker, ue as it is in the title. The Italians call it Gramigna , as the belt of all others,the Trench Chieu dent, and Dent de chieu „ And we Quich graffe,or Couch graffe. The Verities, This Quichgraffe is the moft medecinablc graffe of all others, ferving to open obfiraftions of the liver and gall, and the (toppings of the urine, being boy led and drunke.and to ealetiie griping paines of the belly, andin- flammitiqns,and waiteth the excrementirious matter olthe (lone in the bladder, and the Vlcers thereof alfo, the rootes beingbrufed and applyeddoth confolidate wounds.- thefeedfaith Dicfcarides doth more powerfully ex- pell urine, and flayeth the belly or laske, and callings or vomittings. Galen faith the fame thing,and further ad- deth.that the roote is moderately cold and dry,and hath alfo a little mordacity in it, and feme tenuity of parts,the herbe is cold in the firlT degrce.nnd moderate in moifture and dryneffe: but the feed is much mote cold and dry¬ ing of feme tenuity of parts,and foroewhat harfh. Pliny confoundeth this and the Parnaffus graffe together, ap¬ plying the fame properties to the one, that are attributed to the other: the diddled water, or the deception ah ne is often given to children for the wormes: butiffome wormefeede be put to it, it is the more < ffeftuall. The firff .Quich graffc is that which hath beene ever in ufe in our Land with the Apothecaries for their medicines, as ir was alfo in the hether parts of Trance , but the further parts thereof,and about Geneva, they ufe rhe knobbed or bulbed kinde, but neither of them, was knownc to Lfrlattbiolus , or the Getmanes ,or Italians in his time, as it is evident in that he hath made no mention of it. Chap. XXII. Gramen Caninum bulbofum cJ- nedofum. Bulbed and knobbed Quich graffe. Mto this kinde ofDogs graffe,is to be j’oyned feme other graffes,whofe rootes are knobbed or bpibed,’ yet that fort which Batshinut maketh mention of in his Pradromw, growing in the water, I wiiire- ferre to the next Claflis.whereunto it is proper. I. Gramen Caninum bulbefvm mdofumvnlgare. Common bulbed andknobbed Quichgraffe. This kinde of Quich graffc hath for his rootes, three or foure, or more round white knobs or bulbes, one fet upon the head of another, with divers fibres underneath them, from the uppermoit of whom fpringeth forth divers long hard graffie leaves, fharpe at the edges, andintbe middle of them a joynted flake, with three or fonre fuch like leaves upon them,at the toppe whereof is a long panick!e,fpread into many parts like to that of Oates, whereunto feme have comparsd it. Label exhibited another foi thereof differing little in any part, but the rootes which are fmall and round; and fit at diiiances all along the rootes, and as fweete as the o- N ° d> t ua i ther. I. Gramen nodai r nm Jpica parva. Knobbed graffe with a finall round fpike, This fmall Grade hath a fmall whitifh round knob or bulbe for the roote, with (mail fibres under it, fhooting forth from the head thereof another, femewhat like unto a bulbe,but much fmallcr, and like a Gender knob, wim a fmall joynted ftalke above it,and'a long narrow pointed lcafe at each of them being foure or five inches long, and at the toppe one fbort fofc lpiked head,femewhat like unto the head of the Cats taile graffr. GramenbMaJnmgtminum. Double bulbed graffe. c *- '' : This double bulbed Graffe, hath a greater round fweete bulbed roote below, covered with a reddffh skinne and one like a leffer at the head thereof, the upright ftalke is not a foote high, j'oynted and kneed, like unto a" Wheate draw, having foure or five narrow grafie-like leaves on them, and at the head thereof a fmall lotw pa- nickle made of diverfe hushes, each ftanding by it felfe, like the huskc of an Oatc, out of which aDpearech (mail reddifh bloomings. 4. Gramen bulbofum Alepiimm. The bulbed graffe cf Aleppo, This graffe hath a firme white round roote, covered over with a netted outer skinne, and fmall white fibres underneath,from the midit whereof come forth two or three (baked ftalkes, above a foote high, and with many graffie leaves fet on them, the fpike is femewhat like to the Wa!J Barley, breaking out of a broadc lcafe .Whofe point rifeth above it. H h h b h 2 . (j ram'*- Theatrnm Botanicum , Ch A P>22, i,a. Granges Cawr.um hulbofum vulgaic dr aherum nodofum fpicaparva. Common knobbed Quick grafle* And another with a fmall roundfpike# Tr i b k 13. 1 , 3 , G rumen bulbofumgeminum, dr nodofumvulgar e* Kn otted Quich grafle, and double bulbed Grafle* y. Gramcn bulbofum Adeffanenft. The .Jici/irfw bulbed Grafle. Let me adde this plant here,for I know no fitter place to infert it, although it be not anfwerable to the rtft, whofedefeription is thus. The roote is very fmall and rcund fomewhat like unto a wilde Saffron roote, and of the table of a Chef nut,having oncly two or three long leaves, as fmall as haircs, with fome (hotter on the ft alke on che toppe whereof groweth a lmall long and round knoborbulbe, of thebigneffeof an ordinary beane, fome¬ what yellow or browneon the outfide.and having three rough circles about it, equally diflantone from another, but white within,and of the lubltance ofa Chefnut. 7 he Place and Time, The fird groweth not fo common with us as the creeping rooted Graffe, yet fufficient plentifull in many plow¬ ed fie Ides .n°the Land. The fecond neere BaJJllI. The third in Spaine. The fourth neere Aleppo in Sprit. The lad both nerc Verona and Italy,mi at Drepannm, and Afeflana in Sicilia, The Names, The firfi is called gramcr. nodofum aver, acea plumabyTlauhinm, whoatfo doubteth whether it may not be the tsErilops Phnij,which hath a kinds of bulbe; otherscallic Gramenbulbofum,tuberofnm,ornodofum : Thefecond is mentioned ornly by 5a«W»;«inhis Prodrome miTinax, bythefame title ic hath. The third is the fecond C, ..met nodofum bv 7>.;K(;iOTH,and the Coix Afycom in Lugduncnfis, who tooke it to be the Coix of 7 heophrajlusjii. 5 r.i 5, Ccfalpintts faith it is called by the common people in Italy,PerUre,zn& Oryzafylvefirii. The Iaft is men¬ tioned by Iolr.nr.es Baptifli Ccrtefim in CMifcalaneorum medicinal,am decade ejuinta, fal. 206 . where hee faith that it is called Bafyliby the Sicilians, that ufually fell it in the Markets, and by fome others there where it groweth, Caftnr.calasfitom the fweete tade like Chefnuts.that both roots and heades have in eating, Montagnana alfo, as he there faith, mentioneth this roote, and that they of Verona call it Fntro(!um, or Amlinhm. The Venues. The Rid knobbed Quich-graffe is found by certaine experience not or.ely with us, but in Savoy, Geneva,es c. where i: plentifully groweth, and is ufed to be more cffeftuall to provoke urine andtobreake the done, to cafe thole torments of the belly, that come by loolenelfe,crudities of humours, and obflruftions, and generally is held lately to If.ufcd in any the like caufes that the other is, and with as good fucceffc : The third Myccr.ut faith hee could underhand of no jahjlficall ufe it was put unto, but that Hares were much delighted to red by it,and to d/gge uparid catethg Vootes: the lad is ufed for food,being windy withall,ihat is not ufed PhyOcally. Ch at- n '. a,a toppecomc forthdivers ftnall long fpikes of chaffie hushes of an overwore 1 • , Uikcsand joynts are fo full of a molt pleaf ant juice that it feedeth Cattle much more rhiri ami hr?°o’ W ^ IC j t oefuicthoie Farmers that havcit growing in their ground^dee keen-the Havth'-reoff a . nt * terprovifion,andinfteadofPr 0 vinders rherooteis bufhing and fibrous. ' th - re °f for their chrefcww-. , , Gramengtmialatiimminui. ThelefferKneed Graife. nisother kneed qrafle crecpeth net fo mtichon rhe ercond as the former h-ir • , bisi tranches,whofe joynts are not altogether fo grfac as the other, the (hikesVend forth fnikH W,t ^ UL 0m::wha!: lx S cr thcn the former,and of a fadder overworne colour: the roote is threddy like the precedeT* _ 1 he Place and Ttme. J * ^*-'-uenu. I hey both grow in molt medowes infundry places of this Land,but have bceneefn-rialh^hr j , t=r to grow about Wih» K , a gre « medow lying among the t! l e Pombr,oki,vc. d the other at W, mhfler, both of them in Wiltshire. end,belonging to the Earle of _ The Names. ■ aun.r.Hiis not well knowing theft rcflrreth the former fort to the kinSerdf Gram-x Jan I rr i been, (e of the divers Panicles it beareth together in a tuft, and calteth it AetuMcUm a ' rib' J> ' fr** < I ,,.ut ,to ti!,a.Jc«c it for that Other which groweth in waters in our Land as well as arhe”” 1 ^ 1"' Ge> . ma names f.om tregreat joyncs or knees on their fialkes. W as ® thers; 1,a ™ their , Ar , TheVerty.est We have no: knownc thefe ufed to any other purpofe then is formerly declared T R I B E I ?. Dew Graffe,or Cockes foote Graffe. .» was but one fort of IfchtmonY nowne,yet finceforthe likeneffe of the pani- rtufes thereof,there are divers others referred thereunto as Jpecies thereof. I. lfcbtmonfylvejire latiorefolio. CommonCockes foote Grafle. The common Cockes foote graffe hath fundry clecre reddifh joynted ftalks, with faire graffy leaves on them feme what dented on the edges,broad at the bottome and fmall to the end, of an harfh or binding tafte, at the toppes of the ftalkes grow divers long and (lender rough fpikes of a brownifh colour when they are ripe; the roote is made of many fibres. 2. Jfcb.emonfylvejireJpicis viUojis, Another Cockes foote grafle. This other grade hath purplifh ftalkes,a cubic high,with fewer and much narrower leaves on them,the (piked heads are more in number then the former, and more hairy, having as it were fhort yellow beards let on both (ides of the panicles, whciein 1\ e the feede: the roote is bufhie like the other. 5. Ifchamonfativum jive Gramen Mann* efciilentnm. Dew Graffe. The Dew graffe hath likcwife faire joynted purplifh ftalkes, and larger graffie or reede like leaves on them, fomewhae hairy or wolly at the bottome of them, and about the joynts at the toppes of the ftalkes Hand larger f oikes or panicles,and more alfo let together, made of many fmall chaffie huskes, with long white feedes in them, fomewhat greater then Millet, and letter then Rice, (landing all as it were on the one fide : the roote is greater and more bufhy,whofc plante differeth from the former no otherwife almoft then a manured from the wilde plant. 4. Gra-men Scoyarium Ifchccmipayiiculi*. Biufh Grafle. The brufh grade hath a roe t: confiding of many very long hard threds 01 fibres, a cubic long or more (where¬ of arc made in France where it is naturall thofebrufhes that wee doe ufually brufh our heads, 5 c c. vvithallj the flail er are hard,(lender and joynted, about a cubit high, with fmall long leaves on them like unto the fecond tort of irdtjemon here before fit forth but fweecer in tafte, at the toppes of the ftalkes (land five or fix or more bright long panicles,like unto the Cockes foote but larger^latterand lefic dented. 5. Gramen Canariurn Ifcbxmipanic#lu* Cockts foote like Quich Graffe. The Cockes foote like Qnich grafle might as well have beene r.umbred among theQuich grades as among thef ,being as it were indifferent betweenc them both ; it hath running joynted rooteslike the ordinary Qnich traffe.andVo both ftalkes and leaves fome what refcmble ft.but the head is difperfed or Ipread into fuch like flen- dcr long panicles as the Cockes foote graffe,the fmall chaffie huskes whereofconteine rougher feede. 1. jfehamon (ylveftrclatiorcfolio. Common Cockes foote Grafle. Jfchamn fatreum (ive Gramen Manna ejcu'.entum: Dew Grafle. 6 . Gramen 'Datlylon rrprnr. Creeping Cockes foote Grade. This fmall grade fendeth forth (fom a fparfed threddy i oote many long (lender and weake branches,trayling or creeping upon the ground,and (hooting forth roots at the joynrs, the leaves that grow at the joynts are fmall and graflic long and narrow, and at the toppesofthe (lalkes which rife not much above a fpanne high, foure or five fmall (lender blackiftr (pikes within the huskes whereof lyethcfecdc. 7. Cjramcn T> ally Ion Egyptiacum. Egyptian Cockes foote Grade. The roote of this Egyptian Grade doth fomewhat creepe under ground like unto Quich grade, but much led'e, the leaves arc very fmall, fetupon fmafi ftalkes of an hand breadth long,having foure (mall long panicles let at their tops and no more, oppofite one to another like a erode,with lmall feede in them. This is Alpinw his figure and defeription, but Joanne 1 Vcjlingm Mirtdantu a Chirurgion having lived long in £jr7/tf,hathfetoutfome notes upon Alpir'ut his Egyptian plants, and among others giveth us a little differing fi¬ gure, withthetoppe panniclesdiftributed into five or fix parts refcmbling a ftarre.and therefore calleth it ficUatnm, one of the toppes whereof I have thought good to /oyne unto the other,that the difference betweene them may be difeemed. 8. Gramen ‘Vattylon Af'icantem. C ockcs foote Grade of Africa. This grade of Africa is in mod things like unto the laft, but growing a little higher, the leaves are as fmall, and thefpikes or panicles fomewhatlongerandbi^gcr more endented or fet as it were with graines: thereof creepcth about as the lad and abideth extremitie of our winters. The Place and Time. The two firft arc ufually found naturall in divers places of Italy ,and Nor fane in France, as alfo in divers places of 1 W -1 1 I *i8o Chap. 25, T beat runt Botanicum . rib e 13 . Minus. Ao alica. CF^CCTdCClChiCis ufually (owen as Come isintlieir fields in many pUceain Germany yet itis favd tobe natural! in ltnh . the fourth indie Be which .snot fame from OrUavnce : the fill » found m JWr and fo is the fixt alfo, and is there the mod common : the two Ml »e kncwr.ebytkeir rides; they al! keepe the fame time that the others doe. 3 7 he Names. T , • J ; ■ r r ,,l e JV w- and fo likewife I/cfce»«» in Iatin.it isalfo taken to be Cmmi* Tlixtj by J* £ *il*r*, It is cal# in Greeke 1 aU C1 hcr Authors, crely Lurie,r«, was decca. mid called^ , cmr Afulei by 1 < ScUuomms called it Cenuitpcs Bmhitmt and Tatnmmtmw cr,C- yed in taking it to leC«m‘f«ij cal'cd generally Cjrnmtn Mar.nt, and fome addeeA»/rr;«,»i,becaule .y mcnr |° n the Second loine others call it CW» upon X)'»/cl f S(o illethk F^mer.wm Gnmmimm S&ctoaCni 0 7 « Ifecus : the It.lims call both this and the hill and c*pri'l* . the fourth lokt called. CW« Sc,fm,m*^mpmculu as it is m the 7 , ,, „ fi(r /£, f ntn . r[ |„ „Hed Gramm Canarittm alteram, but afterwards />«/- K | C ' Gram *0 \«hmeiakcbamm as Bautin*, faith, but I thirkehe is imftaktn, fori cannot fir.de r«fe, andfoC/»/T«a alfotaketh it to be,calling it «7«- it To, others call n r ■ T„ndmrrRs Gramcn vulvarc Da/echamfij as TSatihn.*, noteih it truly tut "™/ST""k ther ‘ xc / scall l b ; r f;nz^ hath trade rrerticn of in his tocke ctimti* plants, and laid, not (q in d e other , hefeaventb >trfr hath m 1 ^^ ^ by and therefore thatuiL ryfitianscM\ e,mu,^ j d G r«m'r>‘Daty/onot tbattjlad'i, as Bautina, doth from the this titles lutncien font. They may be allicaUedO m ; g h t as W e 11 bee called in S» S lifi Finger praffeas CockcTfootc graff/: the Germane, call the third Hinmeldtw q*»J!uhroi, ar.dwee in Zxglljh Dew The Vert ties D Cockes fo - te graffe brnifr'd and layd to any place that blecdeth.doth flay the blood prefemly.whed.er from the nofeor wound yet if the roiDh fpik e be put into the nofe and rubbed it will make .t blced.-thus the divers manner ;7ufinsTt workes a contrary. ffiftbothto draw blood and to flay it s being boylcd wu h Axmtp*. .bat is, Hogs Suet an S d fome houfhouldbihd doth quickly beale the biting of amad dogge fe mors dillbh eththe.n = tscTloolc red & robe b’lcarc eved,or elfe being bound to the necke in the beginning of the fayd difeafe.doth quick- ‘The Dew eraffe is fayd to dilcufle the haranefleof womens breads /he feede is^foodfor fmall birds,and Pidgeons and Hensar.d for men allo.for the germane, and cthcrsfecih it like Tdce and fo eate it • ot put it into the br«h of (lefh as we doe Oatemcale and divers other waves, being as ftmi- fiar and common to’themas Oatemcale is .0 us. The Cocks foote Qurcbgrafle:l»thoughtto ties, and cffefluall allb thatevther of the Quick grades before fpoken of have, and thc.cfore for bHymerecrrc you to them The Eq jptian Cocks foote as'A/pww faith isufed by the Eyftum women to helpeto breoketfe ftone, cythet in the rapes ot bladder, but Velfngm aforefayd faith be could rot Ira,re,ttobe locftfluall, yet faith that lie met with a Rc ligious man comming from mount Smm that dccls ^ 'TV^,he° hl-ddcr" an d°bv vefl'els but not in the bladder might bee voyded, by putting up the finger and prefling the bladder, and by putting into the neck of the bladder by the Vrinary paflage a Goofe quill, and blowing flrong y ihertm whKh lie himfeife faith knew to betrue. They alfoufe the decoflion of the rootes and feedes to provoke their courfS andtogR-eitTb children to'expeU or drive forth the meafels,fmall pcx, {'T'f^^’imT^Toot'esdie'v chk in them, as alfo they ufe to give it in peflilcntiall fcavers: the whole be, be, butcfpecia ly the rooresihey hold to be of Angular good ufe to neale both grecne Wounds and old Vlcers j feme of them alfoufe the decofli- on thereof co procure fweacc familiarly. Chap. XXV. Gramtn ArmAinaceum . Rcede grafTe. ■>-WoW>4oftheRecdegrafle6 there are divers forts, fome grow on the land and oil-ersin the water, thofe r h at r.row in iheVp-land grounds, fliall te entreated of in this Chapter, ar.d the other hereafter. y(tliT 3 a 1 Calamoirofii,five Gramm ArundinacetimmajM. The greater Rcede grade. WIM The o,eater Rcede glafle rifeih up with many joynted flalkes and large fharpe cutting leaves on them like to thofe of the water Reede,but leffer: thetoppesofthe fla.kes are furmfk.ed wnh c.i having but one or two thereon. , # 2. Calamoqroftji altera Nerwegca. Reede grafle of Norvraj , . This o’hcr Reedenraffe of Norway growethnot fogreat but harder and rougher,both in flalkes ar.d leaves 11 en the former • thefpokytuftat thetoppe is larger, more fpreadintofeverallpainckles, {harper alio and roug InndUnjp 1 therootra hfteof likewi^eonfift of many long firings- fiSrS Hackney M it be not the fame four milder Country altering the toughnefle) iavmg that this hath a tuft ry threds growing at the hea^oDhejoote.Keede grafTe of Saint fafar Tody Pall esare io\ n- This Reede grafTe is in flalke and leaves lomcwhat like the next woolly Ree e S r “* 1c ’ 1 '* 0 cu bits loi g and ted in twoor three nlaces.two or three cubits high,with narrower leaves lharper and .1moflt.wc a little ftriped witha l: the toppe panmckles are fometimes a foote or moi e long, pai te j brings,which which are (oft as fillx.and ot a (hiring over-woruercurrey colour s the rcote is write w ^ fpread in the gtound lomctimes, • * B £ CalaT,Qg?nfiu five Gy aim n Arundmaceum majw. 1 lie greater Reede grdfle. The Theater of'T tarns. C h a f. 25. 11 Si Cilamog'ofiii alter* Norvacgica. Recde grade of Norway. J. Gran.ea Arundmaceum min in, ThcJefler Reedc grade. 3. Czjameg,oftu f,h x Di fonm, Kccde grade of Saint lobns Wood. Il 82 ChaP.2^. ‘Tkeatrum Botanimm. Tribe ij. 4. Calamogrd/lis five Grumen tomeniofum. The lotcu* cr woolly headed Reed grafle. 4, CeUmoffroflv fi '** Gramcx tormtntofxm. The foft or Woolly Rcede graffe. This woolly R «dc grade, is in the roughnes, dryncffs,and forme of the leaves, not much un¬ like to that fort of boxetaile grade before fpo- ken of in the Chapter of F oxetailes,which they of Momf'lur called Pfcxdofchtnanthxm, but much greater, and not woolly as fome related them: the Halites likewife being two or three cubirs high,and with few joynts are rough,bea- ring large forked heads, fet all slang a pamckle, rit&ifh for fome time,but growing to ripeneffe of a fbining diver like whitenelfe, and as foft as vi'ooll in handling, from whence it tookethe name, the roote is fomewhat hard and rough at the toppe, with divers long fibres lffuing from it. This deferiprion is according to the Dutch copy,tran dated by ZcWhimfelfe. S. CalamogrojtU torojapamcula. Round tufted Rcede grade. This fort of Rcede grade hath narrow long leaves fomewhat lofter and gentler in handling then the others before,yet not eaten by any cat- tic: the tuftorpanickle it felfe is more round, and thicker, with fborter heads, fet dofe to¬ gether liltefmall knots or knobs, but fomewhat hat on one fide, the bloomings hereof areofa yellowifii purple colour, fome panicklcs like¬ wife are found to be more long and narro\v ; the rootes are fmali and ftringy. 5 . Calamogro/Iis torofiipanicula. Round lafccdRecdc graffe. 6. Calmogrofiii Montana enedu five Scirpm Tragi. The greater Mounraine Rcede graffe. R I BE 15, The Theater of ‘Plants. Char. 2 6. 1183 6 . CalamogwJlitmmtaHaeHiidisfiV'ScirpHipnmvTrxgi. The greater Mountaine Reede grade. This greater mountaine Reede grade groweth up with rtrong (hikes, as high as a man, without any j'oynts on them,or but one at the mod, having thereat loft, and not hard long leaves: at the toppes whereof are many lonp (lender chaffie (pikes, let more fpar ledly then the others, each whereof is of a bright reddifh yellow colour, and Handing upright. Another fort hereof is much lower and fmaller,thc lpikes being fmaller and (horter, and not lb upright, ot a darke red colour: the rootc is fomewhat hard,but with divers fibres thereat. The Place and Time, The firft fort, both the greater and the letter grow in moift Medowes that are Tandy, rather barren then fertile. The fecond and third are expretted in their titles. The fourth in the borders of dry fields, and by the hedge (ides in many Countries of this Kingdome, efpecially in Dorjetjhire, The fifth alfo in the like places. The laft groweth in the snoift Woods that are on hills and mountaines s they flouri/h in the Summer time, and their ftalkes perifh before W infer. The Thames. The Grcekes call it ^^^'yfan^CalamogrofilszlCo and Gramen Arttndinacettm in Latine, Label calleth the firft Calamogrofin forte BabyhnicHm 3 7 i\d Bauhtntu Gramen arnndinaceum jpica mnltiplici. The fecond is not remem* bred by any, before Lohel noted it in Norwaj, when he went into thole parts with the Lord Zanche Ambattadour. The third alfo is to be knowne by the title. The fourth is called by Lobel 3 Gramentome»tojpim CalamoorofHs quo - rnndarn,&vttlgi Gramen plttmofum^x^nz in his ‘Dutch Booke,and it may be is that Gramen arundinaceum phlma- fumalbum ,thac Batthinw deferibeth for the 44* in his Frodromw. or very like it. The fifth alfo is not remcinbred by any Authour before. The fixth of both forts is called by Tragus, S cirpi primum & alterurngenus } andis thought to be ihe I uncut Ljchnanthemos of Thaliuj i and by Banhinw , Gramen arnndinacenm enode montmum] The Vert he s. There is none of thcfe Graffcslerviceablc for any Pttyficall u(e that we knouf, neither doe any Cattle feede thereon,by reafon of their hard and ftiarpc cutting leaves excepc the fixe,and that but feldome neither: the llalkes of Tome of them arc platted into mats,for Country women to lay and dry their new pretted cheefes on. and for o- the like ufes. Almutx. Mr Chap. XXVI. Gramen NemorofumgUbrum. Smooth Wood Gratte. ( Here are two kindcs of Wood grattes, the one with fmooth leaves, wheffe forts fhall be entreated of in this Chapter,and the other with rough or hairy leaves,in the Chapter following. I. Gramen nemorofum capitlaceumpanicula alba. White tufteii Wood grafie* ■ Tnisfmall gfatte groweth thicke and clofc together in a tuft having a number of gr^ene leaves ri- fing hum the roote, being as fmall as haires,and of a f oote long, the Italkcs rife up among them a cm , Gramen nemurofum majuijpita rnfefcente. The greater brewne Wood grade/ ®i \w mi * | ;t : . I, j m 1 1184 Chap. 27. Theatrum Botanicum , Trie e 19. bit or more hioh, fmooth and bare altnolf without joynt or leafeon them, thetoppes whereof erd in a lender white panickle, notan hand breadth long, compoled of fmail huskes (etwith beardes: the roote is (mall and , Gramen ncmerofum majtts fhica rufefeenne, The greater browne Wood grade. The greater Wood grade hath a number of narrow graffie leaves fpringiug from the roote among which come forth many fmooth round (tallies, without any joynt or leafe on them,at the toppes whereof (land loofe fmooth brownifh fpiked heads/eperated a little one from another,and as it were a little bearded : the roote is a bufh of many fmali fibres or (hinges. , , • - 3. Gramen nemorofum minus . The teller Wood gralic. The letter fort differeth not from the greater, but that it is in all parts letter and lower, the fmali chaffic bearded earcs being frnalkr and nothing fo fofc, but rather hard and a little more fparfed. 4. Gramen mmorofum exile durum. Small hard Wood grade. This fmali graffe hath divers fmali hard leaves a fpan and a halfe long, the ftafkes areflender, with very few. iov nts and leaves on them,at which joynts.and at the toppes alfo come forth lmall long chafr.e fpikedheadcs. ' 1 The F Wand Time. Thefe according to their titles doe grow in Woods frequent enough in our owne Land in divers places BaM- nui faith the firft groweeh plentifully in an Oaken wood not farre from Michelfield in Sm[erlar.d, and flownfh when others doe. The Names. Thefe have their names in their titles, being called Nemonfum orfjlvaticnm by all Authonrs thaKViavc written of them. The Vertues, Thefe Grades are not ufed in Phyficke, nor are they any good fodder for cattle, but arc utterly ncgleftedboth by man and bead. Chap. XXVII. Gramen uemorum hirfu turn. Hairy Wood GrafTc.' KiSSSSaF this kindcofhairy Wood graffe,there are fomc more forts thenof the precedent, as (ball be pre- fcntly (hewed. .... ■ ■ a rc I. GramennemerumhirfutumlaufoUummajui, The greater broad leafed hairy Wbcd grade. _ - This greater Wood grade hath divers long and fomc what broad leaves turning dowr.ewards, rt- fing from the roote,(mailer to the end, grayifh underneath and greene above, (et about the edges with whitilh Gramen rrer/icTumhirfulummajae altertimpraeox lubtrofa reditc. A greater caroiy hziiy wco** grsttc vvith a knobbed roote* R IBE The Theater of Plants „ ChA!\ 27 . 3 . G mmcn nemorun kirfutum latifolium minus 4 . G rumen nemoruw bvfititm majus Miyitftijdium* junceapunicula. The lefler broad leafed' The greater narrow leafed ha;'ry Wood r 111. hairy Wood graffc wirli Rufh like leave?. 85 )a A P.27. Tbeatrum ‘Botanicum. Tr I B * 13* 9. Gramen h;rfutu*tcapitulo globofo. Globe headed hairy Wood graffe. (mall long haires, the ftalke from among them groweth to be two foote high, withleave;i at tthe: joynts, and fee at the toppe with divers fmall greenifh flowers in little huskes which contame fmall feede when it is ripe, the roote is a tuft of many fmall long threds. .. a. Gramen nemorum hirfutum majue alterum fracor tuberoja raiicc. A greater early Wood graffe with a knobbed roote. . . This earely Wood grade hath larger leaves then the former, of a deeper grecne colour and as hairy alfo, on the nalkes are leaves at the joyntes, as in the other, and fuchlike heads or knaps of flower,, the roote is thicke, fome- what (hort and browne.almoft h.ke a Tormentill roote,with a number of fmall browmflr haires covering it very CjrAmen nemorum hirfutum latifolium minus juuceapamcula. The lefler broad leafed hairy Wood graffe with Ra(h like panicklcs. This leffer Wood graffe is very like in the growing unto the firft or broader fort,buttbat the leaves hereof are narrower and rhe panickle or tufted head, at the toppe of the fmall ftalke, is (mailer and fomevvhat refembling the coppes of Ru flies. . 4 Gramen nemorum hirfutum majtu angHjhjohum. The greater narrow leafed hairy Wood graffe. The greater narrow leafed Wood graffe> is very like in the planner of growing unto the firft fort of Wood grafles, but that the leaves are much narrower, fhorter, and turning downewards as the firft, theftaikeis bare without joyntor lcafe,having at the top three fmall rough and almoft round fcaly heads let together: the roote is lmall and long with (mail fibres fet thereat. . 5 , Gramen hirfutum angujlifolittm majm a ururn Another fort of nai row leafed hairy graffe. From a fmall reddifh fibrous roote rifeth up a (lalke neere two foote high .and fmooth, ufually bearing at the toppe a foft white panickle, fomewhat fpread, and made of fundry fmall feales as it were, in every one whereof lyeth v a fmall round blackifh feedethe leaves are few a little hairy and foineof therocompaffing the ftalkc : the whole panickle hath two fmall leaves fet at the bottome thereof, the one riling higher then it,the other lower: this faith Baukinu r, groweth in the moift fieldes of Michelfield by Baffin. (firumen nemorum hitfutam minui angujlifolittm. ' The leffer narrowlcafed hairy Wood gtafl'e. This lc ffer Wood graffe is leffer then the latt fort, having many long and narrow leaves growing at the roote, as hairy as any before, the ftalke hath two or three joynts,and fhort leaves on them,and at the toppe divers fmall heads (landing upright,each Handing on a fmall hairy footelblke; the roote is fomewhat tong, like a Cipenu roote with a bufli of fmall long threds. 7, Gramm nemorum hirfutum minimum . The lead hairy Wood graffe. The lead hairy Wood graffe hath more (fore of narrow lone hairy leaves then the laft .but elle in all things itagree- erh with the fixt in heads and flowers,but being whiter then t ^ ICI< ' g Gramen hirfutum five exileferrugineum. Small hairy browne Wood graffe. ThisWood graffe is as lmall as the laft, butwith Idler (lore ofleaves, the heads on the ftalkesrhat are not a- hove foure or five inches high, are Woolly and not fully round but a little flat and of a yellowifh browne colour, the roote is fmall and fibrous. g. GramenhirfutumcafitHlitglobofis. Globe headed hairy Wood graffe. This Wood grade hath long leaves as broad as the third fort here before, with fome fmall foft haires about the ednes, the {hikes are about a foote high,with joynts and leaves on them,the toppes being furnifhed with two or three round (off white woolly heads,compofed of many fmall filter like threds: the roote is fmall and thred- ' 1 "' The Place mATime. All thefe'>row in Woods, fome about High gate, and other places, and flowrifh in the end of Summer, except the fecondJ which is earlier then any of the reft by a moneth or two foraetimes. The Names. The firft is called by Libel and others, Gramen hirfutum nemorofum.'Bauhinue giveth the figure of the third, and of the fifth,bat I have thereunto added alterum to diftinguifh it from the fourth, being of later invention: The fivt is called Cyperella Cordiby Gefr.er in fcort«,and firemen exile hirfutum Cypenidei by Lobcl, Gramen nemorum T>aleck,mpij byLugdunenfit, and Gramen hirfutum cafitulie Pfjllij by Bauhmue. The feventh is the gramen Leu- tmt'rtrmm 'Dalechamfif by Lugduneufir. The eighth is not mentioned by any before now. The laft is called CamhretumVlinijb'j Anguilara,Gramen Lucidumby Tabermontanue, Ce/alfinw faith the Italians doe ufually call it fjerba Lurdola quia ntlht luces, it fhineth more by night then by day. The Vertues. There is nothing of any propertie in them fit for medicine or any other uic, the Cattle alfb rcfuling themby rcalon of their hairincfl'e. ) Lthough fome of thefe grades grow fometiines in tnoorifli grounds yet chey are as often found in the * modt corners and low places of medowes alfo, i and therefore may more fitly be inlerted into this Clalfis then rhe next. Gramen aculeatrim Italicttm, Afatthiolne his prickly headed grade. _ This (mail grade hath leaves and (hikes fjmewhac like the fmall ordinary grades but that at the j'oynts with the leaves come forth fmall prickly heads, foulded in huskes, and ending in three points wherein lye fmall long poinced (cede, a Gramen aculeatum Germanicum, The prickly headed Graft of Germany. Trom a white threddy roote rife up divers graflic leaves, and among them (undry flender (hikes leaning this wav and that, whe.eon are fetfhort fpiked heads very rough and fharpe, made of many huskes wherein lye white Cede. 3. Oxagrofiia pnmi/a Hi(p*nica. Sfanijb fharpe pointed Grade. This fmall Spamjh grade groweth not above halfe a footc, andfometimes but three or foure inches high riling from the roote, with two or three (hikes branching forth into fundry fprigs, and fomewhat long, narrow and fharpe pointed hard leaves fet one againd another, and at the toppes of the" (hikes fmall fpiked heads of halfe an inch or more in length,fafhioncd fomewhat like the heads of Holafleum Matthioli ; the roote is white,long, joynted and creeping in che ground. 3. Oxpfrrofti, pumila nijeniej. Spanijb lharpe pointed Grade. 6. Grama Tri&bcfriu. Anoys headed Grade. t- Echinato capite '. Round prickly headed Grade, WIb- u88 CHAP.29. Tbeatrum c Botanicum. Tribe ij.' 4. Gratne* echinatumplanum. Flat prickly headed (Sraflc. This fmall graffe rifeth not much higher then a palme or handbreadth, and from a white roote made of many fibres fendeth forth a few fmall hairy leaves an inch long, asalfoa fmall and fineftalke, with a flat fpikedhead and moll fharpe aunes at. the ends of the huskes whereof it confifteth. c Gramm cchinato capitulo. Round prickly headed Graffe. The roote of this graffe is comp Med of many white threds, feuding forth feme few narrow rough leaves two or three inches long,among which rife up flender.fome higher and others lower ft,Ikes, with one or two joynts and leaves at them°each having at the toppe a fmall round head fet with very fharpe prickles, within the huskes whereof lye white deere leede. ^ ^ Atrow headed Gra(Ie . Vnto thefe cralfes let me adde this alto,which although others doe referre to another^, yet I doe to this for the fharpe heads fake : it hath fundry narrow flender leaves foure inches long, among which the fta.ke that hath no joynt or leafe thereon groweth a foot high,bearing many fmall three fquare heads in a long Ipike onca- bovc another,eac!. on a feverall (hort footftalkc.faftnoned fomewhat like to a broad Arrow head, or the leafe of Stgittsr is,but that • h y ate (mall and rounder,bifoiked below and fharpe pointed abovc ;t he root is a lmall bufhof many imall white fibres. ^ The three firft grow in dry places and old mndde walls, and in the like places doe the other alfo grow and flourifh at the lave ti me with other lorts of graffes. The Names. The f rft was fit ft called by CMatthhlue Gramen acnleatum, and fince by others in like manner, Bauhinm calleth it ftalicumas he do'h the fecond Germanicum, which Lobel called paluftre eebinatum, and Lugiuni.fr (frame* a- c„! ca ,rm Dalechampi, ■. the third is not mentioned by any before now : the fourth is fet forth by Bauhin Wj and called Gramen fbtc.t plana echinau : the lift is defected both by Batihmui and Columna this calling it Gramen mom tmum ecbmatrm tr.buloidet capiutum, the other Gramen[pica [ubrotunda echinata, or Cjranum ecbmato capitu¬ late ■ the latt is caked by Lnttiunenfr Gramen Triglachinfive Vermicnlatum'Dalechampy, which Bauhir w doth di- vcrliy referre,as unto that Gramen olThaluu that (ome as he faith would makea rufh, but hee would not doe fo for that the leaves were graflie.and groweth in wet or moorilh places,but Lugitmenfu faith his doth Ipring up in dry rounds • as slfo unro gramen jpic.-itum marinum ahetumoi Libel, whereunto I acknowledge it hath fomc rcfemblance.hu- ’,e place feemeth to contrary it; and that it is alfo the fecond Cahmograjlie ofTrague.mi the fourth Gala v. ^ jf Lut dune.fit ;fo that it leemeth that for fome likeneffe he applyeth the one to the other. * The Vertucs . C MuttiioUu would transferee the vertucs of his Gramen aculeatum to thofe of ‘Dufetiridei,but there is much doubt made thereof by the learned,and of the reft there is nothing can be learned worth the relating. Chii. XXIX. SchcnogroftU five Gramen Iunceum, Rufh Graffes. ! Here ,re divers forts ofRufh Sraffes. fome that grow in the upland grounds, fome in the watery and f moorifh plafhesjand fome ncare the Sea (hores, of the former onely 1 meane to entreate in this Chap- ! ter,and ofthereft in thenextClaffis among the moorifh and water plants. I. Gramen Iunceum montanum [nbc&rulea fpica Cambro britameum. The gallant mountaine Welp? Rufh Graffe. This gallant Rufh draff-' :h a great many fine flender Rufh like leaves, little lefle then a cubit or halfe a yard ■ lon», from amon 15 h :.h vp two or three flender fmall ftalkes, eight or nine inches long and much lower then the leaves, bearing ai cir i r tappea out from berweene two leaves which are rather like skins, being broad below and fmall; v fd the end yet one alwayes longer then the other, a fmall fpiked fcaly like head, of a fine blewiih colour. , a GramenIunceum'jpemfum mime. Another gallant (mall Ruih tiralle. This fmall RafhGn . 'e is very like the former,but chat it hath much fmaller rufh like leaves not pad three or foure inches long,ruing out of» rowne hard huske or hole, fet at the toppe of a fmall fibrous roote, from among which Inring up divers joynted ftalkes with fuch like leaves on them, and a fmall head,at the toppe like unto the former, but of a browne clearc Chefhut colour and fmaller as the whole plant is, having two lmall leaves thereat as in the former. . a. Gramm Ittnccum T>aUchampif. DalechampM his Rum Graffe. Dalechampitu his fmall Rufh graffe that groweth in cold and dry places,hath a number pf fmall round rulh-like greene leaves riling from a very long white fibrous roote, whence fpting divers joynted ftalkes with lome lew leaves on them,and at the toppe a fparfed or open Ipikcd head,fomewhat like unto the Holofieum Sa/amanjuum of Clufim confiding of many purplifh huskes. 4, Gramen Iunceum vulgare. The common Rufti graffe. The leaves of this common Rufh graffe are almol* round, feven or eight inches long,among which the ftalkes that are a fpan long.beare at their heads feverall fmall panicles fpike fafhion one above another: the roote is com- pofed of brownifh yellow threds. - Hh rr 5. Gramen Iunceum fijharumma)tu arncuUtofolio. The greater joynted Wood Rufh graffe. The ftalkes of this Rufh graffe are fomewhat flat and very greene, the leaves are almoft round with many le- verall croffe joynts on them ; the tufted heads at the toppe of the ftalkes that are neare two cubits high,are muen lpread into many rufh-like pannickles and fomewhat fiat alfo ; the roote creepeth a little fet with many fmallfibrc5 - ' C. Gramen ■ Common Roll, Graflf'^ ' ’ik <• c «“" fl^mmi nmucrticuhu folic -roarer jointed Wood KuiliGraa?, Aleffsr joyntednood Rulh Graile,’ l/t r The/ ,cffer W®*wood Ru fhGraffe.' a gainc in rhe ground and beare lacb like iovnted leaves and? Tw^ 00 ^ WK1 man y fibres thereat doe take rootc rhe lafl hut finaller by the halfe V^, each ^r f T ,nicWe heads at>OTC > verylikewrto J^ynted^he.pannickle whereof is fealieralfo but fparfed in like Lnne°r feleaVeS arelon S and 1Iender > but not Mm] . Theflalke^'hereora'rc^lend^f'omew^at^flatanddmofl tr ^ 1 ^ M «■«*.' ' mon fort about two fpans longthe toppes likewiXe are fma'ller aniTfri'^ ^ lf ave - are imalJct then the com- ydfowifli/preading it felfe with long kbres, ~ “ fpread with wtuti^i heads : the roote is J uii 3 8, Cramer o r rumen imceum tarvum Five Holojlium Matthuli & Greimen tufmU Flandrorum. TodeGraffr. This ig„(h graffe ("which the Flemmings generally cal' Badit graffe, that is, Tode grafle, and taken to bet , Helelhumol Matthnlus in his lath edition) groweth not much above a panne high, whofc (eaves are very fmall and thofe on the (lender (hikes and branches from the joynts leffer, whereat and likewxfe at the toppe. rn i’fnrrh fmall veliowilh chaffie heads or huskes, with (hort aunts as ltwere at the ends , each upona fhorc , . one bove another: the roote is fibrous and, eddilh. There groweth about and feme other UcJ ' un& Sone or two other forts hereof differing from it in fm.lnefle, and likewifc the one (mailer then the other, whofe heads are thicker or doferfet together. n. Gramm morstmum IaaccumcapitcfejHamofa. Mountaine RufhiGraffe with fcaly heads- From a (mall fibrous, roote rife up two or three rulh-like leaves about halfe a foote longs the (hikesare fmooth and without any joynt or leafe thereon rifing a foote high, at th. toppe whereof from betv eene two rough leav e, the one being long the other (hort fhooteth forth a fcaly head, fmall at the toppe fotirewhat r.fem- bling the head of the Fhalurit Canary Grade. ^ ^ ^ ^ Some of thefe gralTes grow on hills others in woods or ncarc them : the firft on a high hill in Wales called g'erwin continually covered with clouds and miils.and watered with fundry fhowers of rame.wheu at the lame rime the Sunne willfhine faire in the valliesbelow it: the woods neare Highgati ’and the medowes thereabout doc nourilh many ofthe other varieties: thclaft was found on mount Baidas, and doe all flourifh in the Som¬ mer moneths of and Inly. The Names. Bv the name - inGreeke.and Gramm Jstnceum or lur.ccides in T.atine be all thefe plants knowne i The fiih Label had emended to call liar do Gangiti jpuriafimilii capitlarse planta , but 1 have altered it and referred it ra- rhrr rn thele Rufh Grades whereunto it is mold like, and fo is the fecond alfo, being neither of them mentioned llv , nv before : the two forts of thefixt, the feaventh and the two fmaller forts of the eight are not like wife cx- in anv other author :the third fourth lift and eight are focntitnlcdby others as they are here fetdowne, yec Thalisu calleth the eight Cjramenepi^onato caulon,znd BanhirtUi Gramennemorcfumcaliculrs paleuesnivul 1 thilihe it is leldome in any wood : the lalt Bauhinm fo called as it is in the title. The Venues. All thefe forts of Graffes have beene fo lately found out,that there is no known! ule made of them in Phyficke; and for the eight although CMatthwlue in his laft edition gave the figu.e of it, entitling it lielejhum, and with¬ out any defer,ption, andfeemedtoreferreittothatof D.ofcorides , whofe propertie is to bindeand coniolidate flefl, whereof this is no way gulity, but it is altogether impede like agraffe and without fappe like a rufh, andia therefore called Hclojlinm AFattbieli ever fince by all authors.or by thefe other utiles it .beareth.for it is not yet bnowne what that true Hshjhum oiVitforidej it, not any knowne plant can bee found in all things to tquall it fully. Ch Tk.! B&13 Tbe Theater of TiemtSi C«AP. 3®, II9I. Chap, XXX. fnncw. Ruflies. 1 Here jre divers forts of Rulhes,fome great fome fmall,fome foft and fmooth, others hard,fome barren others bearing feede/ome fharpe pointed, others not,fome on the Land,ey titer in uplands or neare the Sea, others in the fteflt waters,lome againe fweet, others not at alltof thole I meane to entreate in this Chapter that are not fwecte.for or thole kindes,the one called Sclntnnnthos or luncui oioratut, and the other Iunciu cMgniloftu or Cjptrtu odomtui, I have fpokenin the full Claflisofthis worke among the the other fwcete herbes; and firfl of the foft or (mooth lorts of Ruflies in thisChapftr, I. Inncus Uvu maximta. The gteateft Bull Rufli. The great BullRufii fendeth forth fundry tall,foft round (mooth fhootes which are the Rufhes, of a frefh pale greenc colour.grcatcr then any of the other forts of Rudies,having certaine fheathes like leaves compafling them at the bottome,and pointed at the ends but not fharpe, full of a white pith which are fcrviceable (the outer rinde being pilled away) for lights, being divers of them bound together and dipped in Suet or Tallows towards the toppcsofwhich on the one fide breake forth lundry (mall brownifh chafHe heads, each upon a fhort f ootftalke, wherein lye three fquareblackilh feede : the route is of a blackifiibrovvne colour, andtgroweth lame what great and (lope with divers firings or fibres thereat. ( I'.-.—- , J. ltutcHs levit vulgaris. The common fmooth Rufli, This Rufli is in all things like the former but much leffer and (horter having a whitifli pith within them as ths other hath lit for the like ufes, but that the heads are lunger and the tuft or pannicle is dole and not fpread open as,thenextis: the rootes hereof are not great as theother,buc are a bufb of firings or threds. 3. JuncHi Uvispanicu/a fpnrfnmajor. Another fort ofgreat fmooth Ruflies. This other greater lort is like the laftbuc with fewer (fore of Ruflies, of adarkilh greene colour, and the tufe all'o or brownifh pannicle is more fpread at large.and each part Handing on a pretty long footftalke, and is broad below and pointed upward : the 1 ootc is bufhie like the laft. 4. JuncM Uvitglomertto (lort. Round headed Bullies. Round headed Ruflies have divers fliootes riling from the roote like unto the fecond fort and|pitchy within likd it, the chiefeft difference confifteth herein that the tufted heads Hand fume what dole together and areround., not pointed at all. y. Imctu Uvit panicttU fparftt minor. Small Ruflies with difperfed tuftj.’ This differed] from the greater fort beforedefcribed,one!y in the fmainefie of the plant, and growing in dry.*: grounds,which may peradventurecaufethe Imalnelfe. d I. /uncut Invu maximut. ». 1- lurtcmUm lapirdlufpur/amujat tr glmirot, jlm. The great Bull Rulli. ; Another fott of great fmooth Rulli and round beaded knificS, 1 ( Theatrum Botanicum 1192 Chap.^i. T R I Bg 6 : luncus exiguw montanus mucrone carens, Small fmootb pointed Ruflies. The roote hereof is fmall blackc and thrcddy, (hooting forth a frnooth round ftalke fourc or five inches high bearing at the toppe, a brownifh red foure fquare head, having a fmall hard long thrcd above it, it hath alio three lmall long leaves at the foote of the ftalke of an inch long, like unto Rufhcs. 7. Juncellus five Cbam£fcb£nos. Smell or Dwarfe Rudies.' Dwarfe Ruflies grow not above an inch or two high,although they naturally grow by ponds fidcs, having three or foure Ruflies fome what great and thicke for their proportion riling from a fibrous roote, this hath not bCene obferved to bring any heads for feede, and therefore is called inutilis. Like hereunto is chat fmall Rufh mentioned in the AdverfarU by the name of luncellus but that itgroweth fome what higher, and beareth round tufts on the Rufhes. 7 he Prace and Time, Many of thefe Rufhes grow in watery plalhes and grounds, and the firft ufually in the deeper watersjthe three laftgrowin dryer places: andflourilhchiefly untill the end of Auguft or September, yet abide grccne all the yea re. The Names. s#/?*©- in Greeke fo called a loris crfunibiu for fo in former times it was uled, is luncus a jungendo in Latine \ fromthefame tfftd of binding things together: the firft is taken by Cordus and Bauhinut to bee the Mari(cut furthered by his translation of Theophraftut, fetting downe Marfan alwayes for his Holofchanos being the greateft, which is as Pliny faith adtexandas tegetes upturn : yet as Lugdunenfts faith, fome take the luncus floridus or Gladiolus paluftrid to be it,feeing it as well as this is fit to be brought into futidry workes: 2 >rf*^»w* alfo and others take it to be S cirpus : yet it is thought that the ancients tooke them to be different plants. Terence i n Andria bringeth in Donam to fay (unciftccies eft feirpus [avis et enodis - y and fuch an one is this Rufh without any joynt therein, whereupon came the proverbe, Nodam in feirpo qt/arere, tofeekea knot in a rufh, fpokenof filch as are (crapulous and doubtfully whereof no fcruple or doubt neede to bee made: fome thinkc that the text o f Diofcorides is corrupt and that in ftead of Sx®?'©" rth-lunctu Uvis it fhould be l^dia. luncus paluftrid that by comparingP>3«/«r zAEgineta therewith, who hath and fo hath Hermolam Bar bams alfoobfcrved it. Gefner znd Dodonxiu call it luncus grandis Holofchstnos, and Lugdunenfis Holofch£nos Theophrafti/fragus and others lunette paluftrid major , and Lobel and others luncus aquations & l£vis maximus : the fecond Bauhinut callcth Iun- cus five ScirpHS medius,znd faith it is the fame that Tabermontanus calleth luncus fjlvaticus : the third is the Inn- cus vulgaris alter of Tragus, luncus Uvis & vulgaris of Cordus , Dodon£tts and Lobel , and Oxyfchtnos by Angui- lara and Lugdunenjis: the fourth Lobel aWeth glomerato fore and luncus (imply by Matthiolus and others, and luncus Uvis by Lugdunenfis : the life is Bauhinus his title and fo are the two laft : the Arabians call it T>is, the Ita¬ lians Giunco } the Spaniards Iunco } the French lone, the Germanes r Bintz,en i \\\t Dutch Bie/en we Rufhes. The Vertues. The feede of Rufhes of this foft kind efpecially faith Galen and D iofcor ides faith P liny being drunke in wine and water,doth ftay the flux of the belly or Laske and womens Courfcs, when they come downe two abun - dantly : it provoketh alfo Vrine; blit it caufeth hcadach : it provoketh fleepc likewife, blit it muft be given with caution,leaft it bring a dead fleepe with it: the bottome or tender leaves or part of the Rufhes next to the roote being applyed to the bitings of the Phalangium or poyfonous Spider healeth them; the roote faith Plsny boiled in water to the thirds helpeth the cough. Pliny maketh mention of an Oleum \mcinum madeofJ««was fweetc as that of Roles, but fure it was not made of any of thefe forts of Rufhes but of the I uncus odoratus , Ivveete fmel- ii.ng Rufli.G^/itw flieweth excellently the property of the feedes of Rufhes, that it is compounded of an earthly eilence lomewhat cold,and a watery fome what hot: fo that by drying the lower parts it doth leafurely fend up vapours to the head,whereby fleepe is procured. Chap. XXXI. luncus after five Actstus. H ard or Sharpe Rufhes. F this kinde of Ruflies there are alfo divers forts, fome great, and fome fmall, fome bearing feede others barren or bearing none. 1. luncus acutus vulgaris. Common hard Ruflies. Our common Ruflies that ferve to drew the roomes and chambers in houfes, groweth in the fame manner that the former fort doth, but that fometimes the ftalkes as it were give Ruflies one from out of another, and not all from the roote feperately as others, Jnd are alfo hard and fharper pointed, with little or no pith within them, the tufts are fmall,hard,fpread abroad and fliort, that breake out towards the toppes as the other forts doe. 2. Oxyfchanosfive luncus acutus Alpinu. fam ho britanicus. TVelJh hard or fharpe Ruflies, The Ruflies of this fort are many about halfc a foote long or more, lomewhat great hard and fharpe pointed, from among which rife up naked Ruflies or ftalkes halfe a yard high, and from betweene two fliort leaves brea¬ king forth a fparfed pannickle,of fundry fmall chaffie huskes like unto Reed grade, of a brownifh colour: the roote is a bufh of bro wnifli hard fibres. 3. Oxyfch£nos five Iuncus acutus minor . Small hard Ruflies. This fmall Rufh groweth very like unto the firft, but with finer fmaller, and as hard Ruflies as the other, the tuft or panickle alfo is very like it,but clofer and not fo much fpread open. 4. luncus maritimus eapitulis Sorghi. Sea hard Ruflies with blackifh round heads of feede. This hard Sea Rufh hath fundry skinny browne heads,fet next about the hard long flope.roote which hath ma¬ ny fmall fibres under it,outofwhich rife thicke round hard, long and veryfliarpe pointed Rufhes, from among which rife other Rufliy ftalkes three cubits high fometimes,bearing at the toppes from betweene two fliort leaves a jiumber of blackifh round heades a little pointed^ fometimes but one and fometime twoor tfyee (landing dole joyned T a i be 13. 1. funcus acutus vul^aru. Common hard Rudies. 3 . 7 Ox'jfihtnoi Iancusfeu acututminor,& I uncus acuiw m- juiraus Anglian, Small hard Rufhcs and Englijh Sea hard 4- luncus Maritintm capitulu Sorehi'. “* a hardRu/hcs with blackifh round heads offecde. *194 Chap. 3I> Theatrum Tlotanicum. Trib & 13, 1 5. 1 uncus acutm marilimui alter. Sea hard Rulhes with whitifli round heads of feede. 8. Juucus maiitimut Narbonenfis. The 5 ea hard Rufh of Langutditke, m /oyned together .hanging downe from a fhort focteQalke, which when they ate ripe.of en into three parts,ft.ew- ing Imall andfomewhat long feede within them. ...... ,, , cr , 5 lnncw acutw maritimw alter. Seahatd Rudies with whitifh roundheadsof (cede. This other Sea Rufh groweth after the fame manner that the laft doth in all things, as well in height asin thicknelTe or "reatnelfe.onely the heads o( feedes are rcu r.der.and not pointcd.an d brtake out of the R t fhes, tu o or three inches under thetoppe,or fliaipc pointed ends, about Midfomer each of thole round heads will be co¬ vered as it were with a white downy or cottony matter,which bindeth and dryeth exceedingly. 6 Iuncut acutw maritimw cattle triangulo. Sea fharpe Rulhes with three fquare (lalkes. The rootc hereof is creeping and 6brous,fcnding forth a few fhort leaves, and long three fquare ffalkcs about a foote in length, vety fharpe pointed at the end, two or three inches under which breake forth fundry fcaly aud woolly head's of a brownifh colour. . y. Tuncw acutw maritimw Anghcw. Engbfh Sea bard Kufhes. Our EnMifh SeaRufhcs differ little in the growing from the other SeaRufhes, but that the pannickle is longer and flcnderer,compofcd of many chaffie huskes. 8 . lunette maritimw Narbonerfu. The Sea hard Rufhes of Languedocke. This French Rufh hath many (lender tough and pliant long and fharpe pointed Rulhes, of a pale greene colour, from among which rifeth a ftnall (hike, little longer then the leaves, bearing at the toppe three leaves, whereof one is exceedin'’ long, and the other are fhort, in the middle of whom (lands a large ronnd head compofed of ma¬ ny long fharpe huskes fet in caTes.ofa pale brownifh colour,wherein lye fmall feede: the roate is brow ne long (mall and creeping, fet with divers fhort fibres thereat,fmelling reafonably well. ’ 0 The Place and Time. The firff groweth in many low ttioili neglefted grounds and fields,where it taketh up much roome and doth little t>Ood: & The fccond was found by Dcaflor Label, in his life time, upon a high hill in Wales called Bcwrin, in fundry the wet and moorifh grounds,in many places thereabouts. The third about tJMorr.pelier or thereabouts. The fourth and fifth in Narbone as Label faith,and betweene Saint lohns de luce and 'Ba-jtm, as we have beene enfor- med. T he fixth both on the Venetian (liore, tnd in the way from CMompclier to the Sea. 1 he feventh groweth on many ofour Englifh coails. And the laft about Narbone in France alio. And doe all flowrifh in the end of Summer. The Tfjmer. ThcGreekescallit 0'Cj£ivQ- t Oxpfchtnei, and in Latine thereafter, luncw acutw & after. The fit (l is called luncui acutw &vulgatior by Label and D odonew. The fecond hath not beene fet forth before, and therefore hath the name according to the place of the growing thereof. The third is alfo butnow made knoWne to all. The fourth and fifth artTfet forth by Label and Vena in their / tdverfaria , under the title of Iuncut maritimw duplex. The former Bauhinw calleth Iuttcus acuttts,capitulis S or pin Oxyfcbenos THofcoridis. The later is referred by him unto the Ittneut Helofcbann major of Lngdunenfu firti. was brought by Boel, from Bajcn, by tbe nameof l uncut Cctiandri kmine rotunda, andtakento bcc the true Oxjfchetrtoi of Dlofctridss. 1 he lixth Bauhinus calleth as it is in the in the title: The feventh is peculiar to our Coads,and hath the name accordingly .The lad is the lumas mxritimus Narbonenfis of Lobel, whereof I cannot finde that Itar.htmj hath made any mention. 7 hc Venues. The properties of this hard Rufb.arc referred to the former, working the like effedts as it is thought, but more Weakely. ' Imcm acnminc riflexo. Hard Rufhes with binding heads. Hereareyetfomeother kindes of Rufhes to be handled, whichbecaute I would not huddle to¬ gether, I mud didribute into fundry Chapters,that fo svery fleeter may be under his owne qer.us Ss.neercasmaybe. I. Invent acumine reflexomajor. The greater bending Rufh, The greater of thefe turning Rufhes, growerh after the manner of thegreater foft Rudies > hath tor his rootes fomewhat round heads, covered with blackifla browne coates or dimes and tinder them,tu (ts of threds, from which heads rife fun- ’ '•! ■ r «y>au acumrnt rtfim major (r trifidm The greater be tiding Rudr and the triple tufted Rmh. dry long Rufhes halfeayardlong ormore, breaking a good way under the toppe, which bendeth or turncth downewards, out of a round skinny head into many skinny round hcades, danding on fhort footedalkes, which have as it were bve corners, full of cornered fharpe very fmall yellowifh feede, of a little harfh tade. i. Iuncus aettminereflexo alter. Another turning or bending Rulh. This other hath the Rudies more then halfe ayard long.having a blackifla fhinig ruftor umbell, breaking forth t wo or three inches under the turning end, and danding without any footedalke, which arc compoled all of threds or thrumsand blewifh at the toppes. 3. Invent aertmine reflexo trif.au;. The triple tufted Rufh. The roote hereof is blacke, joynted, and fibrous, the Rudies are many, (lender and fourc or five inches long, the ftalkes are parted at the toppes into three, and fel- dome into fower (lender long Rudies, three or foure inches long a peece.fcetweene which come forth three fmall chatiie tufts or panickles. The Place and Time. They all grow in France and Germanj, and kcepe the fame time that others doe. The Names .I £*-The fird is called liy I, no dur.tr.fit lumas MeUvcravu of Theophraflut, who taketh it alfo to be the f ureas O xjfehrnotfr.tr ina of 'I'heophrajlia „ Gefner and Taber- montanus call it luncm lavU, and may be Tbalim his hmeta Lycknanthemos. The other two are remembred by Bauhinm in his P <«-i.vand Frcdromtts but in mv dpini- on the fait is the fmall Iuncus maritimus alter of Label, as whofo will compare them dial! finde.' ‘ The Ter tut Wee haveno other certainty ofthe Vertuesof thefe, buta likelihood to be as effeduall as the lad kinde of Rufhes. y- + Chat. XXXIII. Iuncus aquation capitali, Eqmfeti. Aglet headed Water Rufhes. I; Here are two or three forts of this Aglet headed kind of Rufh, which for the difference fake from the j otherkindcs of Rudies,! thought good to entreateol by themfelves. 1. Iuncus capitulis Fqm/eti. Aglet headed Rudies. This •effer fort bringeth forth from a creeping fpreadiag roote, dored with many intricate fibres, divers (lender naked Rufhes about a cubit long, full of whitifh pith,’ and having at the bottomes of them certaine reddilh skinnes compading them, and bearing each of them at their toppes, a fmall catkin or Aglet like the fird head of an AJparagus, blooming with fmall white threds, like a Plancane head, which fall away quickly. 2. Iuncus capitulis Fquifeti alter. Another Aglet headed Rufh. This other Rufh hath fundry {hort Rufhes riling fiom the creepingrooteffrom among which,other (lender and taller Rudies doe fpring about a foote high,each of them bearing fuch a If ke Aglet as the former, but Somewhat leffer. 3 . IuncellttS |VO 6 Chap. 54 . Tbeatrum Botanicum . T r 1 b e 15 J 1. /ji/waf aquation capitulit Equifeti. Aolec headed Ruliits. z. luneus Equifctl capitulu alter, The other Aglet headed Rulli, , hencedue capitulii Equifetiflreitetns' Floting Rufhes With Agkttoppes This Ml Rulh hath from a fmall threday rootr, commeth forth1 i very fmall (lender bovtag Rulh, which divideth it feife into many other fmall Rulhes about two or three inches long.floating upon the waters, where it qrowetli. W hereof fame grow upright and others doe bow ot bend downe againe.each of them bearing a fmall head iike the former,with a fmall long Rulh growing by it. The Place and Time, The'eall havebeenc found in our ownc land,as well as beyond Sea, the firft not onely in thepondsand waters of a fmall village called Anfiroyel hard by. Ar.twerpc in divers places with us alfo,the other in the brookes and ponds, ofboth V^r and England, in fundry places and are to be fecne in the end of Summer when they howrilh. The Names. The firft is called by Label Inncees acjHetiew fsinor capitals eejui[eti,znd by Lugdttnevtfis Imcus clavattes'Dale, champij. The fecond hath his title (ufficient to exprefl'cit.not being deferibed by any other. The laft 'Batehimts fo caltech as it is in the title,yet calling it minor ,as he doth the firlf major. The Vertues. There is no property knownc to what malady any of thefc maybeapplyedbutare held unprofitable as a great many others be. Chat. XXXIV. Imicuseyferoidesprideu. The flowring Cyperus Rulh. Here hath formerly bcene knowr.e but one fort of thefe flowring Rulhes, but Bahhimee hath added anothet leffer fort. . . „ - 1 j. Ietnctupridiei major. The greater flowring Ruin* . . This greater (lowrinq CvperusRulh (as it is differing from all the other forts of Rufhes, foitex- - -cellcth them all in beauty ) hath fundry heads of leaves like unto thofe of Cy petus, riling from a long creeping or fpreading roote like the Rulhes, bulhing with many fibres,from whence fprmg round Imooth RuIR like (Hikes two or three cubits high.bearing at the top a largefpread tuft or umbell of ‘° ( yet Trapes detcribeth them to be white) with force threds tipt with yellow in the middle, which tailing away bring in their places fmall round blackifh beads,containing fmall feede within them. I. 1 renewpridue minor. The leffer flowring Rufh. . . , The frnaller Cyperus Rufh hath a whitifh joyrited roote, a fmall ftalke of a hand bredth high, long (hirpe. pointed Rulh like leaves, two whereof tile higher then the ftalkc.and at the toppe five R. I B E l}. The Theater of 'Plants, flowring after another, after which come ttoo fmall round heads t0 ^ ether 011 eacl1 ^ ootcllal ^ e > 0 f the btgneffe of the Candy bittar The Place miTime, The firft groweth in watery ditches,paolesand plalhes, in tnoft parts of this Kingdoms; The other hath beer» obferved in Sseif. ferlanfm fundry placea.and are flpwrifhing all the Summer long, ripening the feede in the meane time. The Names', Although this hath no Greeke name, yetit hath founddivers Latine names, being called by Tragus Calamogroftis [icunda, by nearc the Sea fide, and are called by the iame namc ot spartum,l mud rather then divide it place it with the other. • 1 - ^ *■ Spartum PlinijfiveluucmHifrauicitt. Sptnijb Rulhes. lazSpanJb Ruin rifethup with a number of round Rufliesacubit long, each whereof is parted * httle above the ground, into three or fours mow flender long, rough and greene Rufhes, fomewhat broader at the firft, being whittih m the middle, which foone after have both their edges fo drawee together,that it rnakcrh them feeme round fo.that the partition is hardly difeerned, and then grow harder, and whitilh, when theyare dry, (as we fee them in frailes.aud m the round mats wherewith thefloores of chambers are matted, ss they are wronght there and brought over to us; from among which rife up fundry (hikes, fomewhat higher thenthe eaves bearing at the toppe a fmall long bead of many (harpe pointed huskes, after which come fmall long icede hkeuntofome of theotner Graffes: toe rootesfpread in the ground into many tufts, matting therein that in iomc places they cake up two foote fquare or more. 1 b 2 > Spartum TUmjalteram molliut. The foftcr Spanijh Rulh ■ This other Rulh groweth m the very fame manner and order,that the former doth, and differeth from K onely in thefe particulars,the Rufoesare morefine aud flender, fofter alfo and bearing a (horrer rule at the tom breaking out of a skinny huske or hole: the rootes hereofdoc mat like the other,and grow in moifler places 3. S partummartuummflrae. Our Matweed or Marram. This Matweed hath divers long hard, and very (harpe pointed Rufhes, piercing their lee^es that are not boo ted going among them, the (hikes have fofc fpiked long heads, Uke unto the cares of Rye, and bloom.n" like it’ alfo, the rootes creepe in the ground,and fatten themfelves ftrongly therein. ' - a . , 4 - Spartum mannnm no fir as alteram. The other of our Sea Matwcedes ThisotherMatwecdeism the growing like the former, but that the rufhes are broader and fhorter, and the heads or fpikes alfo: the rootes hkewife creepe and are ftrongly fattened into the ground " T , - .... par-cam Bauvkumci-Anglicum. Small Matwecdc.' ' The Small Matweed hath (hotter fmaHer and harder rufhes, the Italkes are a cubit high.havin" fmal' thin lonn Kkk!i k 6. Spa z Tri b * 13 . TheTbeater ofTlantf. J. Spar turn parvum Batavicun & Anglickni. Small Matwecde- CHAP.35. 6 3 7•Spariita Haibontnft tff minimum Au^licum. The fma-Il French and EnglilhMatwecdcs* <5. Spartum Narbonenfe. French Matweede.' ' . ,Matweed hath Smaller rounder and whirer leaves or rufhes then the laft, and clofer Pmwmo c™ ther likcunra the (mailed and find! fort of rallies, and are about a fpanne long apeecc orfomewhar more St threds C ma " fl ” Sle h£3ded whiti(h * pikCS ° n them> fad,i "8 lik ' Moffe: thcTootL are fmall , . 7. spartam minimum AnglicHm. The fmallelt Englifb Mac weed. The (malleft Englijh .Matweed hath many fmal(lender round ruflreslike thrcds.almoft foureor five inrhes In™ growing thteke together, among which the (lalkcs which are very (mall, have (mailer heads and flnoln literlf’ fort^h* C15 conch's hut of one or two fmall rovves: the rootes arc long and yc^p w.likcthe fo^rnferlrnad £»£/!/& S. Spartum Haft/ierift capilUceo folio, The Cjcrmane Matweed. X he Gorman Matweed hath (undry rulhes fifing from the fmall tbreddy roote, which divide themf.K.e, In, found Wkh"t eameS bUt halfC 1 f00te l0ns>and f0metimes a f00te> therC hach fe ne no Lad or fp^kc 9. Spartum varic£atnm. Party coloured Matweede. The round rallies of this Matweed are fcldome above foure or five riling from the roote,par ed red and nrc enr but being tranfplanted change their beauty,and corse all to be of one colour, this was found on the hills&’ T The P lace and Time. The two former forts grow not onely in S/m'ot, but in divers Iflands belonging thereto, as the Cauari, ■ r*,&c. The reft are fpecified in their titles or difcriptions.and doe flowrilh in the end of Wmer ’ 7 he Name?, Plmi, or herba, onely Val'cbampiu, upon pfa. cal | eth it ;„ m Ucrktu f we Hilbamctn, 7nd sJbto* cl The fecond is alfo called S parttm PIMj, or blLahcrumX v all bTiLC“ Who calleth it Sparterm fccundam pamcuU bnvifoUiculo inclufa. The third is the Startumklhi ■ * olClufitu, who calleth it Spartum uoflra„L s his 0W ne Country, but Cm, Xalf erred thTs ? nd^/%^diaotteVtoLS Kkkkk ?, - U99 1200 Chap .36. Tbeatnm Botanicum. Tribe 13. Label calleth Spurtumno fritnUcru^ni Buuhmut, Grum'n wTtb'uf.lwdUswith turn noflr.u parvum of Label and I hive added Anglicxm to it in the title,being to be found With us« well as with them B.Jlnmts calleth it Gramm Spurtcum Lmcfolmm. The fixth is the Cjrum'n Spart'um Mon/pelrmfeolBau. ,h-Z but it being Tent to Doftor Lkl from thence was named as it is in the title which « not much diffeting. The fev nth was found in our owne Land, and for the fmallneffe called mi^.The two laft are »Uedbyaff«>- hLs, Grimm Spur, cum, with the reft of their titles as I here fet them. The !«!«»/. and Sp^ards, call 11 Sf-rre and the fecond fort Atiurdi, The Dutch Helm. And we inB#. Hj- 1 ™. ’"rJJ?*’ iw^de.but the people aion" the Coafts of Norfolk? and Si»f«M?,call it Marram,and may be called Sea Rufhes as well. a The Vermes. We know of no ufe theft have in Phyficke: but are employedwholly by the S*«*r 4 ,in all the placesWhere it nroweth (I meane the Spanifh kinde) not onely for Mats, imall and great, for Chambers, trades, and baskets owed with the fame ftufle together,or for Bootes.Shooes.Coates Ropes or Corde,and many other fuch like nfes: but the fecond in being lof te,', and not fit for fuch purpofes, are ufed to fill fackes to ferve them forUds as we doe with draw to lye upon, our Sea kindes are ufed by d.verfe, both with us and in the Low Countries for Mats, Haffockes,anddiverfe other fuch like meane workesvery fervtceatne. Chap. XXXVI. Ecju'tfcum. Hori'etaile or rough joynted Rufhes. H S a Complement to finifh this hiftory of Rufhes, let me joyne this unto them, for fo I thmke they may very well be.both for their forme, although differing m roughndft, joyms, and poflureof leaves,as place of growing, wherof there are many forts,both of the moorifb and Vplandgrounds, as fhall be (hewed. „ , w „ T t r .-i • 1. Eauifetttm mayis paluftre. The greater Marlh Horletaile. The greater Horfetaile that groweth in wet grounds, atthefirft fpnnging hath heads fome- what like to thoft of Afparagus.and after grow to be hard rough,hollow ftalkes, joynted at fundry places up to fte tonpe,. foote high, To made as ifthe lower part were put into theupper,whereat grow on each fide a bufh of final?long Ru(h like hard lcavcs.each part telcmbling a Horfetaile, whereof it came to befo called, at the toppe. of the ftalkes come form fmall catkins like unto thofe of trees: the rootecreepeth under ground having joynu at j Equifetum palujlrc Linar ie fcoparin folio. Broad leafed Horfetaile. , , , The rootc of this Horfetaile creepcth.and is joynted like the former, thcftalkeslikcwiicareacubithigh, hoi- I. Equifctam m.ijuip.ilufire. The greater Marfli Horfetaile. 3 ,4. Ecjinfiturnfalu/lrt taifiui & almum brciioribtu folijr. Small Marfti Horfetaile, and Barren Horfefaile. i o. Zquifetum ftztidura fab aqua repent. Stinking Horfecailc. low and joynted in the fame manner, fet with leaves after the lame fafhion but that they are broader then thofc of Tode FJax,and like almoft unto thofe of Broome Tode Flax, ereene rough, long, and eafie to bteake, what jule or catkins it bcareth hath not beeneobftrved. *• Small Marfh Horfe taile. This fmallci Horfe taile differeth not in the manner of grow- ing from the former, the chiefeft difference relleth in that it is fmaller, and the: leaves or briflles as fomc call them fewer and fhortcr that are fee at the joynts. 4. Equifetum alterum brevioribus folijs . Barren Marfh Horfe taile. ^ This other fmall Horfe taile differeth licle from the laft, fa- vmg that this is often found not to beare any feede as the others - dof,ind yziBauhimv calleth it PuljfticrmM, as being plcntifnll ' in bearing (cede arthe joynts at foine times and in lome places, 5. Equifctum omnium minus tenuifolwm . The final left and fineft leafed Horfe taile. This Horfe taile that for the fmalnefle and finenefle of the leavesgrQwjno in the lower wet grounds in the woods about rhgbgate not farre from London ,, deferveth alfo to be numbred wi ^' he . re ^>gro\vingin the fame manner that the others doc, & differing onely in the forenamed parts. This feemeth to differ from that which with Batthinw in his Prodr emus is the third calling it Equifctum palufire temifpmii & longiflimisfolf^dy in growing higher and the leaves fomewhat longer. 6, Equifetum minus poly fbnehion. Many headed Horfe taile. In the joynre^and running rootes,in the j*oynt?(J ftaikes and in ri:e catkins that it bearcth at the roppes, this Herfetaile diffe- ^ a^LTi r am J 0rm , e - r fma11 ones: bllt in this - th3C at the joynts it bcareth three or foure fine fmall ftaikes with a fmall clofe fpiked catkin on the roppesof them, and a greater at the head of the mainc ftaikes, mo c oofelv fet or more opening then the refl blooming very pale blulh flowers. ’ y Ct T, - . 7* Equifctum luaceum five nudum, Rulh or naked Horfe taile.' Tviihonran V° riera,le , Rr ° Wt:thl, P' v u ich ( un . dr .yi o ynreti rough Rulhes about a foote high or more fometimes' ut any leav es at the joynts,and hereby it is knownc from all the reft.and is more ufed bv fuijdry workemen Kkkkk 3 w .■iff :t»l I rii 3 Q02 Cha p. 31, Tbeatrum Botanicum. _ Trib e 13. to fmooth and polifh their workes of wood and bone then any other: the roote is j'oynted hkewtfe and creepeth. . 8. Equifctumlr.r.c'umTt0ofHm. Branched Rufh Horfe taile. This differcth onely from the laft.in growing with many ftalkes from the toppe of one, that firft rifeth out of the ground,and that many of thofe ftalkes doc branch themfelves forth into others, all of them full of joynts and without leaves. 9, Etjuifttttm nudum minw variegation. Small patty coloured Horfe taile. From a lmallblackiih creeping roote fpring up fundry fmall hollow pale greene ftalkes of a foote and fome much Idle bigh,fullof j'oynts,the lower j'oynts whereof are blackifhand the upper whitifh without leaves (ytt is moftlikely to bee the fame M r . Ichnfen in his Gerard faith hec found with fmall leaves, and calleth Horfe taileCoralline, howloever this may fometimesFeme to dififerboth from Qtfr.tr his) atthe toppe where¬ of ftandeth afinallihorc head, fomewhat like a fmall catkin, the crowne w hereof being white hath eight or ten very fmall fliarpe pointed leaves under it,which being troden on will cracke and make a noyfe. to. Equif'tumfatidumfabaquarepens. StinkingHorfetaile. The (linking Horfe taile groweth up both in and out of the water, with fundry branched ftalkes, but ftriped athwart,and fet with (hort leaves at every joynt, having divers lmallthreds growing at (paces on them,greene while it is in the water, bnt taken forth and dryed it becommeth gray and brittle, eafie to be rubbed into pontber with ones fingers,and falling alfo into pouther of it felfe by lying,and fmelling fomewhat like unto Brimftonc: it growethnot onel in the ditches of the bathes of adpouiMneare Parian but in Lufcrncm&'Bajfill alfo. And thefe bethe fortsof Horfetaile that delight to grow in waters and wet grounds onely, ard are nor to bcfoundelfc- where. There are fame other forts that are fometimes found growing although leldome as well in the lower wet grounds as in the uplands, which for their double habitations I thought good to feperate by themfelves, and fpeake of them in the laft place. 11. Ecjuifetum pratenfe ma’jM, The great Medow Horfe taile. For the forme and manner ofgrowing this differcth not frotrffhe former tut in growing greater and bulbing with more (lore,and longer leaves then any at the joynts, each’tetfe being alfo j’oyutcd with little, featfe difetr- nable j'oynts. ■ 12. EquifetHmarrjenfelonpioributfctis. Corne Horfe taile. ThisCorne Horfe tailegroweth very like the lift, but greater in bulke although folnewhatfhorterin leaves, and not joynted at all that ever I could obferve, yet I have feeneitin Kent and other places growing in the bor¬ ders of the Corne fields,and often ploughed up when they fallow their grounds, fo great,that a ftalke hath beene like a fmall hufh. 13 , Eqnifctirm T r ! b e 13. The Theater of Tlams. Chap. 32- , r ,. r 13. EquifetHmfilvaticHm minus. Wood Horfetaile. This fmall Wood TTorfeta, e groweth like the reft,but the Joynts are farther feperate in funder, and the leaves being few are iomcwhat fmall and long withall,the rootes are like the reft. <4. Equifamm mommum Cretkum. Mountaine Horfetaile of C*«lr.* This mountaile horfetaile is fomewhat like unto the eight fort here before fet downe, hav'n" divers Fulhe ftalkes with leaves on them branching forth both above and below, at feverall places whereof come forthW Sardlont" alll0nSindr0Und f,;ddinih - kcs ‘°“5 ‘-all fcede wiSihr theuaTthe loS „ , . . .... , The TUce mATime. derhnnrrn he h^ r d Pt ' T 0r P art ma y the P larts ° f a " ‘^febe knowne where they grow,and nee. catkins in /*/r h 1 rA C f d ft" 7 doe ‘P rIn S U P with thdr black >Pb beads in JpriU,*J their bloomir- Spring. " ‘ e ^ In S forthemoft P»"»^«A and then perifh downe to the ground, riling afrdhinthf T , r f N The Names. (herT ni 51 n m “n’r 5 - fS ’" 1 *’/ tookc “to be Ctucon fZi,. but that I have fl ,ewed you before iaano the feaventh is the fir ft UippurU ofTrarm and called alfn hv hL an rl r 7 E r f nt 1 umt * m & enw ; rough j.yr.di S3Ef‘°“ Shave and “ 1 &yd l,1C be e lnniB E hy'Vnuhhog a R ufil m j gh f to. of m wine being drunke is faid to provoke urine, to heipe the Cryandth“and rh herc ' thereof drunke two or three times in a day a fmall qurntitieat a time aCforn Jr i* 3nd thc . dl ‘died water Afparagus"^ “* ^ 1203 Chaf. XXXII. Tipha. Cats taile or Reede Mace. •*" ■—' roundheads, (hewing forth at the firftfome ycllowifh flowers^ which hein^nV hey have(ma| l long and 61 CaKf> 3 “ ethWh0 “ y ° f30ody&bflan «’ ot *blackiflabrownecolott/onthe^m£J^eXtfolid or weightiest is in time blowne away with the winde: the roote is white fomewhat thicke knobbed and joyn- ted,fpreadingmuch with many long fibres at ir,fweet in take if it be chewrd. 2. Typha minor. The Idler Reede Mace. This differeth in nothing from the former, but in that it attainetlTnot to that height and greatneffe that the former doth. 3. Typha minima. The leak Reede Mate. The leak Reede Mace likewilcdiffereth not from the lak,bm;in being lmaller both in leafs and Oalke,which are more hard or rough,and in the top which in fome places beareth a fmaller fpike above, the lower being grea¬ ter with a lmall dikance betweene them,and a fmall leafe at the bottome of it. The Place and Time. They doe all grow either in the middle of watery ditches or ponds,or by the banckes and f des of them in many places of this kingdome,and flower about Midlommer, the Torch Mace being ripe in Angr.fi. The Names, It is called in Greeke TcV and in Latine Typha a cylindro turbinataque (pics ejfgie , qnafi typhonis fife eyrantls tur . lioem, ant gigantic fiaturamminacemimitatur : ant rtt inquit Ruellius^qnodfeeptra rcmim ch clavas argcnte.is vcl aureas 3 qtt£ ante primos magiftratus gefiantur. vulgo a Mace, dillas perpolitas y caiilii lanofa {loccum den(itate % fumma- timfaftigiatus emuietur : lome call it (fefirum morionU as Hodonaus laith, and lome Typha aqtiatica or pa/ufiris^ to pnt a differencebetwecr.e it and that kind of Typha is put among the Cornes, and therefore called Typha Cercali,: Theopbrafius maketh mention of them both as it is thought, and IDioJcorides but,of this one; bur Theophrastus faith that his Typhapalufiris is without leaves, which therefore cannot agree hereunto l'liny alio Ipeakcth hereof, fib. 1 6 .c, 36. among the forts ofwaterReedes.Ithathno other name given ic by any aiuhor,laving that Anyuilara tookc it to be 'Vina and Dodontits calleth it papyriJpecies , and Litgditnenfis pucteth it by the name of lunette ajper Dodonx 1: 7 ) odon aits leemeth to take this to be that Scirpus that Ovid i n ft xto p a forum mentioneth in thefe words, 1>. plaufrofcirpea matt a fait : but not onely I but divers others more learned doe doubt thereof, as alfo that lie re- ferreth it to the Phleam of Thespbrafius (but not Ph/eos, for that is a thorny plant, as I have here before (hewed; which be numbereth inter palufiria Orchomenij, and Arifiophanei alfo as I recited him in the Chapter of rhe Iweete Cyperui bringeth in the Frogs rejoycing that they had fpent the day inter Cjpirr.m <$■ Phlessm, wlmfc flower Theopbrafius faith is called Anthelaas Vodoneus faith, but I rather fudge ir ot the fruit; for Tbeopbrafim menti- onethboth TyphaznAPhlcum, Thefecond isonely remembred by cfufiut if it be not the fame that Gerard faith he faw growing in Sbepey ; the lak is called Typbaminor by Lobel in his Adverfaria, and by luodxnenfs, as alfo Typhtilazndmnrim by Clufimin his PoOTowr dp Obfcrvations, She Italians call itcJl lazkaforda, becaufe that if the duff of the heads get into the cates of any it will make them deafe ; the Spaniards Schordo and In>r.a- rccodacez I BE 1^. The Theater of Tlants. Chaf,28. 1205; \n°Fn <: Jliru\fv re ” C ^\^*^ C rf C l ,in .' The Germans Narrtnkolber.. The Dutch Lifch deden and ‘Ponfen. And we minht firlv hr'r'l^i > T CeS i, Calt ! l raile ' ,nd Rcedc Mace by others: 6nt in being betweene a Rufh andaRecde.it 5 > lied Torch rufh, or Torch reede: Some alio call this as wellas the next, by the name of Sedge. ,J ,. , . f r I The Virtues. , heinn mwir S !I n ' Uc l 3 pr .°P crt y hereunto, that the pouther fbouldhelpe children when they arc burden, r Wltfl ® etol ?y. a " d the rootes of GladieU and Horfe-tongue, but others doe utterly conteft againft i c , and miv-j ,nw " dly b ^oo dangerous,in that it would rather ftrangle then helpe them.for it is ulually known ™iT? d , asabjltet0 Mice. Diofcerides one ly faith that thefiocky fublf ance mixed with Axuneia, IS g 00 d • . r"!?®U ltl j^ c,d ' 5 y good Authors to be ufedin the place of the true Paper reede.for thofeufesitisan- lno„»c u lcdoch, "° d eratdy clenfeand dry, and being applyedto the bleeding places ftancheth blood. The let cot are ulually kept to make Mats.and (or childrens chaires.and many other the likeufes. Chap. XXXVIII. Spargamum. The Butre Reede. 9 F this kinde of Reede I have foure forts to (hew you, two whereof are generally remembred by a molt Writers, a third as the lead of them all,is mentioned by Buubinm • but we have a fourth lore ■ lately brought from Virginia. 1. Spargamumramofum. Branched BnrreReede. _ This branched Recdehathlarger,broader,androugherlcavesthenthofeoftbeReedemace. yen three fejuare as it werelikethem.and fharpe.bothat theedges and points, among which rifeth a rough totind ftalke two foote high, with the like buc leffer leaves on them, dividing it lelfe toward the toppe into fundry branches, bearing on them divers fmall greene burres, which are not rough at the firlf, bnt growing ripe are hard and prickly, fomewhac rcfembling the rough burres of Flatanns ,the Plane tree,with a icafe at the joync up to the toppe, the roote bulheth into meny (Rings and fibres. * 1 2 3 ' ^ 2. Sparganihm nonramojutn. Vnbranched Burre Reede. This otberburre Reede growetbupinthelike manner, with leaves fomewhetbroader then the former, anda Gngle lower (hike,not brannhed at all, but bearing the like balles or burres, but fomewhat (efter and not fo'pr ick- lywith a leafe at every one of them likewife: the roote alio is like the other. 3. Spargattium mimif.um. The lead Burre Reode. This fmall Burre reede hath a (talke about two inches high, rifing from a fmall roote, compofed of a few long 1 * sparganium ramofnia. Branched Burre Reede. 1. a. SparganHtm mufui ramofm, C lniDl<: f c ‘ rU ' s , that the tpote taken in v/ml is good a; T R I BE 1$. The Theater of Tlantt. Chap^c?. 1207 Chap, XXXIX. Pafiriu. The Pape r Reedc. He ancient Reede called Fitpyrtu by T^itcybr hHm,T) iofc ondt t liny others, whcrcofche Paper, and bookes were made.that were ufed in their and their former times, we may out of their writings deficri'ue unto you.if it be the fame which Alfimu and others fay, growethnow in <£>rtr and they call by that name : however we will fhew you what they faid it was.andhow it grew, ’and with- all lire tv you how jilfintu and others deferibe ic now,and likewife (hew you another fort thereof, as r. Papyru* anti/yuemm Nilotic*. The Paper Reedeoi the ancients growing in Nilm. This annent Paper reede(which Tkcofhriftmfic from him Pliny, do defcribe)growing fay they not in the depth of the River A >/m but in the pooles of £giyr,whereinto 1 he River Nilm hath broken out, and in the River it fclfe alio, yee not in the depth of the flreame.but necre the bankes, where the wacer is ofiely about two cubirs from the fhore, or leffe.whoic roote is of the thickeneffe ofa great mans writ! or fill,as he can grafpe, ( Pliny hath an arines thicknefle J abouttenne cubits tn length, fp eading diversofthelongbut.fmalland thicke rootes,above on the toppe of the mudde and earth wherein it groweth, from whence rife threefquare corned [hikes frhevare lathe Texc termed which I lotranflate, for of leaves they have no mention) of foure cubits bigneffe alrnolf, fpreadingmto many parts,and growing fmaller to the toppe, where it carrieth an unprofitable bu(h 0- tuft,without any fruite or feed. This is Thcophrtjhtt his p umaoie Dum 0. relation word for word,as neere as the defeription could Typer as Nilotic* Alpine. The Paper Rcede ©f Nilm now growing* ' 7-- .-;-a— utitiipLiyn coma be brought into fence, which Flinj hath altered in fome things and curtailed in others, fctcing downe Thyrfm for c ™«, they being of different forme, yet Pcflingim faith the tufeexpreffeth them both, and leaving out Thicphra- fius his foure cubits greatneffe, which is fomewliat diffi¬ cult well to underhand and to apply to the purpofe : therefore will I here give you the deferiprion therof, as silfiKM firft,and Vefingim fince hath amended it. It ri- feth up above the water, from a rcede like roote, with many fibres therear, with fundry three fquare (tallies, foanetimes feven cubits high or more, with a pith in the middle, with leaves both above and below ir,the greater that are at thebottomeare large ("and three (quare as At- yinui faith,lull Veflingiuf faith nothing thereof) bending downeward like to the Burre reede or Cyperus, the Id¬ ler arc under the tufts at the toppes, which are CCmpofed of divers long and upright t'nreds,fet thicke togechcr.and fmall flowers at the toppes of them, which pafleaway without feede, as it is thought, for none hath beeneob- lerved. This is their exaft defeription ofit, fothatby comparing them both together, we may fay chat the roote is like other Reedes, but much greater, that is as bimze as ones wriflorarmc, yet not often cubits long, for that fize I thinke is more proper to the Qalke, from the roote to the toppe of the tuft, the (hike it felfe ( cannot be of foure cubits greatneffe,forthat compsffe exceedeth a great tree but) are about foureteenc or fiftecne inches com- pafle,which may very well agree to the naturall larged breadthof Paper, which was thirteene inches a s Pliny recordeth it, which was after it was wetted with the water of Nilm and fmoothed out, and thereby enlarged each fold cloven out from the (kike, thofe inward b?inz leffer and lefler. Jhe plant fay the ancients is fweere and uledby the Egyptian x, before that bread of Come was knowne unto them for their foodjand in their time was chawed and the fweeteneffe fucked forth, the reftheino-- », v -- (pit out, the roote ferveth them not onely for fewel! to burne hnr m n,l-. - , T J“ ' yeelded much matter for the purpofe: Papyrus ipf e (fay they) that is the ffalk rJT ^ ^ ufe ' f,ric bleto many ufes.as to make Ships,and of the barke to weave, andS i trannated f K bt, ? r . e > J is P roh ' ta ~ mentsand ropesalfo. w cave, ana maite lailes.mats.carpcts, fome kmdesof gar- T m j , 2 * ^ a f > f r tn Sicilian a. The Paper Reede of cVr//* This other Paper Reedc (which may be the Sari ofTtjcopbrafl»s mentioned \J‘u * 4 .htfl’r.c. 9 - which as he faith is very like it but leffe, bein° three fauare by r h ! m ; I1£Kt “ nt0 the P W»>, M. the water,having many three fquare and foft " T ^ p.:r,; s with many fibres theieat. The Ch A P.40 Theairum Botariieum . Tribe 13. 7 “Ac f/ace and Time. The places of both tbefc Reedesareexpreffed in their titles, the former properly in Egipt, and Syria, as Then, phrafhu i'aith,and in Euphrates alfo,neer e Babylon as Pliny faith. The other groweth in Sicilia, and as it is thought in Italy,2nd other places,being in growth much Idle then the former, and flourilh in the end of Summer. The Names. • It is called in Grecke rm- ni{&,and in Latine Papyrus alfo,the ffalk was called whereof were made £!£*/«, which the Latines call Chart* or Wn,becaufc the tranflatorsfet/<£«-, or cortex for not knowing othet- wife the property of the word.but as Pliny fheweth, there was no Charta leaves of Paper madcofthebarke, but of the inner toulds, which they divided into thinr.c flakes,whereintoitnaturally parteth, then laying them on a Table, and moiliening them with the glutinous water ol the river,they preft them, and after dryed them intheSunne, and according to the Iargeneile thereof was the greater prife, but becaufe the later times of thac old age,grew fo copious in writing and tranfcribing Bookes, that they could not at any price, get Sufficient for their nlc. Attaitss as it is thought lirftat Pergamus,\ave nted the skinr.ts of beads to be drefled anddryed.fittoierve that pnrpofe, which ever fincc have beene called Per game**, fheetes or Bookes of Parchment, for it is laid that Attala* furnifhedhis Library at P ergsmus with 200000. volumes, written on this Parchment. This by Eufla- chitts & GuiS.ir.diKM de Papyro is called Papyrus nEgyptiafive r Biblws ssEgyptia.'fhe fecond is called by Euftachius, Tiblm jectinda, by Guilandinus Papyri alteraJpeeies, qua Paper us m Sicilia vocatitr, by Label Papyrus Nilotic*, and by Bauhir.us Papyrus Syriac*,and Sicilian*, and is likely to be that Papyrus that Alpinus faith, groweth nowin Eg ip. t,and called Berdor Bardiby the Egiptians, andas I Laid before,is moftlikely tobethe Sari of 7 heophrajlus which fome doe thereupon call Pjcudo papyrus. TheVertues . The rootes of the ancient Papyrus was much ufed to be eaten, as is before laid, either raw, boyled, or roafled by tbe people of Egipt in former times fucking the juice, and fpitting out the reft as Theephrafius, Dmfcorides ,and Pliny doe Ihew, it was ul'ed as ‘Diofcoridcs faith, to open theclofed mouthes of Fiftulaes being put into them, the manner whereof is to take the dryed ftalkes of Paper, and to lay them in foakc, which being bound about clofe with a thred.is to be dryed againe,and then being unbound is tobe put into thofe VIcers, whole mouthes are too fuddenlyc’.ofed, thereby not ealily to be cleanfed and healed, which this being put thereinto, by the heate and moifture of the Vlcer, iscauledto fwellto thatbigneffe it had when itwasgreene, or foaked, making a fairer way for thecure,in which manneralfo Guilandinus tn Papyro, faith that the Chirurgions in Italy a led the pith in theftalkes of the UHilium Indicum,\ndhn Millet. The burnt aflr.es thereof weicufed to flay running VIcers, in any place of the body,but efpccially thofe in the mouth. Buttheafhes of the writing Paper it felfe, thatwas made of the ftalkes performed it better: but whereas now adayes many by miftaking the ancient word Chart*, doeufetheafhesof our Paper,which is made of linnen cloutes,for lhe fame purpofes aforefaid, they erre gredfe- ly, and befides doe no good ac all therewith, but in the Head thereo 1 divers learned men doe advife to take the dryed ftalke of 7 )y> 6 .«,to performs the fameeffeff. 7 'fe<’/>f’ru/>»declareththat they formerly ufed to burnethe rootes hereof inftead of fewell, asalfoapplyedthemto make many forts of utenfils,or houlhoid vcflcls, for they yeelded much wood and very good, for as he faith, they made Ships thereof, and of the Biblos (which I fhew- ed, the Tranflators not knowing the true meaning of the word,did turneit into Oruw,thebarcke)theftalke they made fades,and covcrlctsa kinde of garment alfo,mats, and ropes. Alpinus faith that the Eg.ti saris uie the s rises of the burnt ftalkes of this their fort, in the fame manncr,and to the fame purpofes that the formed was ufed to be put unto. And befides, faiih that the diddled water of theftalkes is very profitably ufed tc take away the pin and web,and other mills and darkneffe happening to the eyes. Chap, XL. Hartsndo, The Reedr. r-raF Rcedcs there are two principal! kindes.theone fweete, called Calamus arcmaticus,or edo-mtu* ,whete- fejppiviJ of I have fpoken in the end of thefirftCIaflisof this Booke : the other not fweete, whereof there h l are many forts, Diofcoridcs numbreth up livc.Naftos five farbla, Thely five Etrims, Syringingfivefiftu- laris.DonaxJive fypria, and Pbragmiter five Vallatoria. Theophrajhn hath many more,and Pliny num¬ breth up five and twenty : molt of which being knowne onely to us by the dry Canes, 1 fliall give you the figures of fome here,and fpcake of thofe that are proper to thefe neercr climates in this Chapter. i. MarundoVa/latoria five vulgaris. Cur Common Reede. Our Common Reede fliooteth forth with many great round hollow ftalkes, full of joynts, fome what clofely fet one unto another, toagveat height in fome places more then in others, with long ar.dlomewhat broad hard greene leaves at each ofthem.fliarpe on both edges and fomewhat comparing the ftalke, at the bottomes bearing a long and broad fpread foftbrownifla pannicklcat the toppe, whofechaffieor downy feede, flyeth away with thewinde: the rooteis white, hard, round, long, and with divers knobbed j'oynts the rein, running aflope, but not decpe,and fhootingup ftalkes from divers of the joynts: the whole ftalke dyeth and periflieth every y tare, yetis ulually cut dotvne before Winter, when as it is growne white to ferve for many pnrpoles. a. Harundo Are lie a multifida. F inger Reede. This rare Reede is like the former, in the manner and greatndle of growing, differing onely in the leaves, which are each ofthemhalfe a yard long, and two or chree inches broad, with fundry great ribbes or vcines run¬ ning along them, and parted at the ends into three or foure parts, fome what like unto the Finger Harts- tongue. 3. Harundo'Dcnax. The Spaxifb Reede or Cane. k The Spanifb Reede differeth not in the manner ofgrowing from the former, but in the greatneffe, the canes or jfalkes being harder,thicker and rifing unto two mens height fometimes, whofe j'oynts ate more feperate in iun- dcr,with larger leaves at them,and a larger pannickle at the toppe. Very like here unto arc the Reedes that grow Tk i b e i^, in the ladies, butby reafon ofthe greater hcite they grow both caller and greater, lo that they ferve in Head dum¬ ber both to build their houtes and to cover chcnr- 4 . Hantudo Inciicaverficolor, The llript or party coloured Reede. This Rcedeisin the growing like unto the lad,growing in its natural! place as great and as high, although it be not iowith us, thechiefeft difference herein confilleth in the arge long leaves which are pared with white green like the Ladies Laces or painted grade but with larger firipes There is an.othcr Lort hereot growing in "Bengal* which is (mailer and more puable and apt co bend, wheieofthey make Baskets and in my other fuch pretty things. 5. rltl r undo Saccbarifera. The Sugar Cane or Reede. The Sugar Cane or Reede groweth(naturally both in the Tad and Wed Wie/but planted in fundry warmecoun- tries)to bee Leaven or eight foore hi:h, whofe Canes are bigger then onesihumbe, full of a fwcetc pith,thicke fee with j'oynts and very long bur narrow leaves at them, with divers great ribbes in them, the tuft or pannickle at the top is like unto the other but fhorter: the roote is not fo hard or wooddy but fpreadeth knobbed j'oynts and heads at them whereby it may be encreafed, and is almod as fweete as the Canes; In the naturall placet this yeeldeth forth of it (elfe oftentimes or elfe being cut a certaine white juice or liquor which being dryed and hardned in the Sunne was called by the ancient writers ,W Indnm and Saccbarum Indnm , which was ufed before Sugar was made out of the Canes by boyling. 1 6 . Harnnde ramofaJ,ve Splgeios Lagctnnen^s. Low branched Reede. The branched Reede hath the lower part of the dalke with ill ore j'oynts onely without any branches, covered with a ycllowidi barke, but upwards it fhooteth forih branches on all Tides, and they againe other leffer bran¬ ches up to the toppe almoft at every joynt, and all of them 3. H.irundoT)onax. The Spanijh Reede. TheT heater of 1 Plants . C h a f „ 40, 1. Harundo ValLtoria pvevulgaTU. Our common RcctJc. HttTundo ludka Ltcenica verfisolor. Jjio Chap. 40. 5 . HM undo Saubaujera. The Su^ar Cane or Keede. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tribe lj. 1 6, Htrusdo umofa five SfigeiOi, Low branched Reedc. Tribe 13. c lke Theater of TLints. Chaf>40. 1215 takeic,eorre3ing PIU c\\£r\r«+',r.„„~~A . nu „ / •, relh ’ Ia yirtgit mould be rather Epiacios \ but Be Romm m hisfiift hnr.ke Jr that i-jt; with hi d /'i jf/u altb,be found this Reede growing in a valley on mount Atkot, which the Greeke Lo i E' L h f ‘^'-.'Whereof theymade writing pens, as alio lib. z c.86. in the RWerkn 0 w ' S £*“ f«n= before, *rthroughout*!, r«*y they ufe no pens made of Gooft quills „ « r n, pens w htch we have fcene have beene brought us out of 7V, fa; doe declare it to bee a (mail Cane Z f ^L n teVft\ e fe^tWc^^» f^ 1 h e \ qUa, ’ 1 whereast h«£/%«W of ThmpbraStm and Lugcluncnfis h ,'f Kc b£ ™ de >"V qhiH or pen to write Withal,/wee L?* gutari.1 Which a bigger and iolid.nor hoU6w. * nC ° '*“* ma - v mlftake thle for the S ^ wbcncc . cxtsnd ™ 'be ground leaves fee on both (idcs.at dtfanceswhofednwe h ^^‘P'"' 1 '"? ° ut >"'? branches with finall and long end which is very (hsrpe. hard and thorny mlS b ! b f d COfnpal ? ' hc fynts, growing narrow ro the Re^^d^!^ Ut * *‘ tc * e «imony thweta! and*mttrypb^ thC ^ «’“«*« « according^ Tbfjpta^ ' is tte Nafh' t rfffT/" VffTm Z ? S S° mC writes ' i'.whcreof the meu Vbragm.ui, isJluLn Zd 2> Jl,caUe^lta,id v‘a«ar^ lnd ! he /f”T' i he h °U°w. The firff i s others dossil it, m&XrukclopalHllrUziCMAuhMui anA 'Tl, ™' Dad °”*«i, Lugianeufu and famiaaD E/Ur^and C ardu,Luml /W ,h‘r a 7* h "™” , «”' ls d °e, but Auguilara callethit Cauda yir^do demise* by mfaubiAusznd othe^ °^/ foUnd T‘ t , h US; the third isc,lk ' d »’«]<”■ by c*ycran/s, for indeedc it t on^ndriifi^r ^ f ? T by 1 ^ d ° nsu! \ L °b'lzni others, and Italic* thouohonemnnrrvoresi-er au- it is orw-andthc fame fort whether it grow m Italy Spaixe orelfcwhere a! to me to be the lame'that Tbeop^afi'urcMeth'Lacnica’lltbouel^' ” f °' le fa ff = t!ie foU ' th is hTt is generally railed AruJsJchanfcl^d Sac ara - bvffl Lff " T b J r ‘ h « n tIl3C (ent “ : cl ’e' Arundo Epigcios of Thcopkr.fa „ bv I ,Jd»Jr, 5 i i ■ tIlat have Wl ,tten of K : thc fcs is as I fayd the not,and cLu*Umu £for what cat, fe I know as it was termed by them that had it but lurch, rho p • e J”f r calieth Jlrunde humilU, and CcpiaElegi* (hewed: thc feaventh thetrue E, ^“ » I ha^e beffrd lad is fo called by as it is here. 1 to ArabUmcAv , Grm « ns «’>th whom it groweth. The laft FrenchCanne and Eo/f«»,thc Germans Jtjthe Dutch £and^weRefde ' Css,whereupon it is called by Lugdu»e»r, s< ( w h 0 giverh two figures being all one,) MmatT 7 iZ~ Ipcrc Thc»pbrash,vjb\cn difirereth trona the Menunth-.s of Dwfcorides, being the Trifolinm Mb«li,ites ovHtxnimi bZl 1 lr“’ ,c t0 bel/cffrumot Dwfcandts^y correflinghis Text,and yet it will not be, and belides laich, .bat lomc called it Tnfotmm W>v»m,and others Filrbmmis Ttbcmonimut alf 0 doth, who maketh two lorts thereof, r-w;j« and rai»>«,and both names made from ihe ‘Dutch appellations. The Germane, calling it Bwer . And the Low Duxh^oex baonen^c eft fa/elum htreimim. Wc call it in Eurlifi generaby yard- i reloile,yet lomc Marih Claver. , . , - s ' “ TheVennes . We know of no property in it to br applycd as a remedy for any difeafc,but if yen will take it to be Jfhpyr^m iccauie the reede is bitter as Ifopyrum is, then Dij/coride, Chcweth that the feede is good againll che cough and otiergiic cso the brcli or che(l,for as Galen faith,it clenleth and entteth tough and grade humours, and maketh i i^bl' ' < j Ca 1Cr 10 “ e cxpcifloratc or lpic forth ; it is alfo good to purge or clenfe the liver, and helpcth thofc that Chap. II. Culthu pulujh-ii vHlgariifimplex. Common fingle Marih Marigold. ‘ He fingle Marih Marigold ('fori have fpokenofthe double in my former Bookc, although In'-,-; - y°u the figure of it here againe) hath divers great broad round deepe greene (liming leaves a°ht- tle dented about the edges,every cineon a long thicke round flefhy (hike by it lelle,among which rile up far thicke lialkes, a yard high or neere, with fome leaves thereon,and at the toppes divers fan e great gold yellow fiowcrs.liee unto Crowfoote flowers, but much larger and fhinino t [, c 1 roote is cotnpoftd of many long llrings,which grow deepe in the myre. 7 he 1 ‘ lace ami / ime. It / lyeth onely in waters, and watery ditches, and by their banckesfides, and flowreth fomewhar e-relir yet coniinuetli a good whale, and is pad before the end of Apritt. y ■ ' The Names . ' - - 1 tlS n^ e j * 1 ^ ra /l^ Ca ^i e l C . < *^ < * ,an ^ to P ut a difference bccweenc ir 3 ind the Calendula which is alio called Calt ha, K Lb cz,\t,\^a!tba pa/uftrit. Tragm calleth it CalihaVtrgilij^ and Htfitcr, Caltha val»ftri s who all > l>rh it was called of iome Terr arm from thclikenefTe of the leafe unco an Ho:fc fhaoc, Co, dm callcth ic Chelidvtii* vTiuflt it and 7 >ib er mot, t amts popitlag 0) for whac caufe I know nat,nor yet why two forcsjwhcrtasthey axe all one although Xdleha p:;lufitu vulgaris fitnplcx. ' Coirm jnfi.ig'e M.irili Minsoid. Caltha (lo>c plcno. ‘ The double hiaifu Marigold. 1214 Chap. 3. Theatrum Sotanicum. Tr I B E 14. Idler or greater in one place then anorher. The Dutch call it Hotter tloemen, And we Marfh Marigolds,of fome Gouldcs, and in Tome Countrycs Bootes. The Virtues, We have not underftood that any hath applyed this in Phyficke for any griefe of difeafe. Chv?. III. Cotyledon palufiru. Marfh Penny wort. IBggfgTjSiHe Marlh or water Penny wort, as fome call it, groweth creeping E'S T on the ground,with long trayling apj^Sjagi! branches, (hooting forth fibres at | un dry joynts,androundifhdcep greene leaves, a little hollow in the middle and unevenly dented about the edges, each Handing on a fmall long footcftalke, the flow¬ ers arc very Imalland white, comming forth under the leaves, therootesare very Imall li¬ tres that doe not grow deepe in the ground. The Place mi Time. It groweth alwayes in wet grounds, mar- fhesorbogges, ason Hampftetde heath, and in many othef places ncere Louden, and fbw- reth in Inly. The Names. It is called by mod HerbariHes in thefe dales Cotyledon palnjlrii, and ayuatica, Lohol cal'ethit, (joty le don a a nolle a acris Septentriona/ium, and in his obfetvations maketh a doubt il it be not the (fallitriche Pliny, but is taxed therefore by Columna, who cafleth it Ranunculus aquae,cm umbiiicato folio, ma¬ king it a Raruncu/ueas it is mod probable, howloever it be termed Cotyledon, from the forme of the leaves. Our Apothecaries as well as they beyond Sea, didufethiskindeinfleadof the true Vmhilicw Vencrie, being deceived in that the forme thereof doth fomewhat referable it,but fare they have amended that error now, in better know¬ ing the true plant. ft is called in fome Countries of this Land theWhiterot, becaufe it fheepefeede thereon, it will kill them. The Venues. By reafon of the (liarpe tafle it cannot but be of an hoc quality,fomewhat like the Crow feete, and therefore required] refpecT in theufe and not a current tradition, we have nocertaine property recorded of it. Chap. I y- Ranuncu'us pa/nfiru. Marlh Crowfoote. F this kinde of Crowfoote there are divers forts,which fliall be declared in this place,being referved for it. 1. Ranunculw palufiris jlammeus major. The greatfcr or Marlh Spearewort. This greater Marlh Spearewort hath a long Joyntcd roote.ftored with many blackifh litres from whence l'ifcth upathicke jovnted fmooth ftalke two foorehigh, furnilhtd with large and lcnglhi- ning.and fmooth thinner leaves then in the next, fome being more then halfe a footc long, and two or three inches buad.but i'inaller up to the toppe, where Hand afew pale yellow Ctowloote like flowers, but larger then in Others. 2. Ranunculies palnjlrii jlammeus minor five anfisJUfo/ius. The leffer Spearewort. The leller Spea ewort groweth up with more itorc ot tappy greene ftalkes, wbh longer, thicker, and narrower leaves thereon, and more ilore ot pale yellow flowers, likeoiher lortsof Crow feete, tie (eede that followtth is like other loits ol Crowfeete: the roote is nothing butabefh ofthreddesor fibres thar grow deepe in the uiudde. 3. Ranunculus fiammeus ferraties. Dented Spearewort. This other dented Spearewort is altogether like the laft,or is the very lame but that this is oftentime found, ha¬ ving the leaves dented about the edges in more plenty then in the other, for both ol them is often leer.e,thc plaine with lome dented leaves,aud the dented with lome plaine leaves among them. 4.. Ranunculus jlammeus Bayonenfis. The French Spearewort. We have Had another fort ol Spearewort fent us from Bayon, growing in their Maifties rcci e the Sea cosfls, whole leaves are long and narrow, lharpe pointed at the ends, the ftalke is branched and hcareth laiger jdlow flowers then the lafl,the rootes are likeit. 5. Ranunculus flamneeue fore alio minor. Small white flowred Spearewort. This little Spearewort hath fuch like long leaves as the Idler Spearewort hath, flardirg upon lorg footeftalkes but Idler and narrower by much : the ftalke is bare without leaves, faving that at the toppe w hire the flowers breakc forth it hath two (mall long leaves,the flowers ate lmaller then the common fmall loit, tut prute white, the leede and rootes ate alike alfo. 6 , Ranun- 6 Rinunculm Mm SMim UvU. Round leafed Marfh Crowfoote. Watcr Clovvfo °‘ c " ah Thiskinde of Crowfoote fhooteth forth a round hollow ftalke neere halfe a yard high, branching forth into fundry parts, the lower leaves whereof a;e more round then thofe a- bove.and are divided, fome into three, which are ths firft and lowed,others into five divifions, and each of them denied about the edges,fome- whit like unto Coriander leaves, of a pule greerie colourand Imooth, buttnofe up higher on the (hikes and branch,es are (lill more and mo e divided, fo that fome of the highed have no devifion or dent in them, at the toppes (land fmall yellow (yet Cerdru faith he hath obferved fometobeare purplifia) flowers, after which commeth a fmall ,ong round head of many crooked feede.frt together, as in other forts is to be fcene,the t ootes are a bulb of fmall white flriiwc : the whole plant is as fharpe and virulent as any ofthe other forts,here or ehe where delcnoed. j, Ranurmclw p-Jx/lrii Surdomw Unuqmojw , The true Sardinian Crowfoote. The true Sardinian Crowfoote groweth very like unto the lad, but fomewhat higher win fuclr like lea, es, but more divided and hairy, like a fmall corten upon them, in other things there islittlc or nodiffcrence. 8. RtnxnCHlui aejuxticmHef«ictf»cic. Water Crowfoote. The Water Crowfoote (huoreth forth from a fmall thieddyroote, a long trailing tender ftalke with fundry Jaynes thereat, at every one whereof that are under the water ftandeth divers fine Jigged or ftatherd leaves, id mod like as if they were fibres, hut that they are grccne.but toward the toppe thofe that grow above the u atcr, hive none ofthofe fine leaves at the j'oynts.or very few, buc onely round leaves upon fhort footcftalkts, cutma little and dente j about the edges, and with them come forth likewise final! mijke white flowers, cl live round leaves apeece, with fome yellowneffe in the middle,after which come fmall rough 1 ,eads like a Crow foote. g. Rtnmculm Hcdemcctx aquation. Water Crowfoote withlvy leaves. This fmall Crowfoote groweth up with divers triangular leaves upon (lender trayling llalkea, (hooting out fibres at the lowxr Joynts,and with the leaves which are lomctimes marked with ablacke fpot, come forth fmall knots of yellow flowers likewife upon fhort fooceftalkes. ‘ n. Rjrtm. TR f B E 14. TheTheater of Plants. Chap. 5. 1217 10. Ranunculus HrdcruL folio sjwrinn. Water Crowfoote with Ale-coaft leaves This Water Crowfoote crcepeth likewife, and (hooteth fibres at fundry /oynts of the ftalkts," whereon ftand pretty roundifb,indented leaves, fomewhat like unto thofeof Ale-hoofc, orAle-coaft, havin» palifti flowers, made of tive pointed leaves with roundifh heads of feed after them. 3 The Place and Time, All thefe forts of Crowfeetegrow in Mooriih and wet grounds, and fometimes at the brinckes of Water-' Ponds,and Ditches. The firft is lcarce to mcetc with,but the two next, and the two laft are plentifully enc u-h i* divers places of the land, the fourth and fifth came out of France, thefixth andfeventh are found likewife fome places, but not 16 frequent as the other following. They flower m sJMAj, and Iune, and give their ferir loone after. The Names. . h C The Greekc name.&«p**•», and theLatint Ranunculus, doemoftfitly agree tothisherbe inrhar have their chiefert refidence where theie grow. The firft is the oj laith Cord:,, called Ranunculus vWpw.A&eb Ranunculus Lonceolasus major by Tabermonsanus TheTecu-ci IS the firft Ranunculus of AmusUra, and the twelfth of Cordus in Hijhria, tb t RanUnculu, fiammem aquaTi/t long,fat,us of Label, and , the Flammula Ranunculus of Dodonaus, the Ranunculus nicus & major olTbal,us, and Lancet Ltus minor of Tubermontanu, , fome take it to be A™ b, hh : 13 - and others his EnneapbjUon, lib. a 7 . e.p. The third is fet forth by VodL * Jid, out any defcription.and by Luodunenfis called Mammal* aquatics,. The fourth andfifth have their names in rl ■ titles, futacicnt for them. The fixt is the Strum:a cr Apiajlrum of PI, nr, alihongh he confoumierh the n, / ; ‘ which IS alfo called Aphfirum, in that Bees delight to feede thereon, with this, whlh is in the leak lomew hat h t.' Apiurn (but the next much more) and therefore by fome called Apwmrifus cf Herb* Sard*,, as Guilandinusd Who when he was taken prifoner by Pyrates,and carryed into Sardinia,it w thisherbegrowing nlentifu'lv -her * it is the Apwm acjHancum of Tragus, and Apsaflrum of Cerda, on ‘Diofieridc, by Apuleius called SceleZl ' is the firft Ranunculus of Matlhwlusfiefmr^nd others.the firft Ranunculus paluftru of Cordus in hi florin nf’ - " 3- among whichrifeth upaftalkehalfea yardhigh, with divers (hort leaves enclofinn the hall/ S rcent: colour, hofes at their bottome^and at the toppes ftandtiindry yellowfl^ers as ^werein ^each of themTnadn 11 f fix leaves a pecce,hke the other Afpodells with fome threds in the middle after which cnrrr fnmr, h imdco j- fquarc pointed huskes with fmall blackifli leede in them. * f WhlCh C ° mC fomcwhac lo «S and This leffer AfnhndK^^^^ ^The lelfer baftard Afphodill. 1 .* '^‘Phodill hath many narrower (horter and freflier fmooth greene leaves ri.. rovv leafed Flowerdeluce, but neither fo hard nor fothicke, the ftalke rileth from ’a memo -b 1 'f. unt0 a nar - hlgh, having very few fmall leaves thereon, and paler yellow frnali flowers at the rnnne nCr e '!!- “ r fli»ped fomewhat like unto the Flowerdeluce.with three falling leaves and oihe^ three arched that cover their bottomes,but in head of the three uptight leaves as the fiowerdeluces have this hath onely three fhort peeces handing in their places, after “ na ' c ’ which fucceede thickc anS long three fquare heads,eonteining in each part fomewhat big and flat feede.likc unto thofe of the Fiowerdeluces : theroote is longer and flenderer then of the Flowerdeluce, ol a pale brownifli colourontheoutfidc, and of an horfcflefli colour on the innerfide, with many hard fibres thereat,and very hai lh in tafle, Lobel fheweth in his Adverfaria that ih ; te was a grtac roote brought from Tholofe, which was taken for Radix (,'nma, but dcccaved many in that it was no Inch thing in < tfcfl.for ic was in tafle aftringent,and in the proofs not much dift'ciing from the former. The Place a*d Time , It ufually groweth in watery ditches, ponds,lakes, andmoores fide-, which are alwayesoveiflowne with water, asttLambetb in the ditches on the bankes fide may be yearcly feene, and in ma¬ ny other plates, flawring in Inly and ripening its feede in August, The Names, This is not "ex which was called hettideft.confecratrix as (jaz.it tranfiatech ic, but is rather s Pfeudoiris a baftard brother of that ftocke:in the former ages ofour fathers ic was held by ma¬ ny to bee the true Acorw oiDiofcoridcs , (o ignorantly had the World beene crayned for many )eares,untill fcruples began to arife in mens mindes, not finding the things anfwerablc to their deliniations in old writers, which caufed them in thefe later tunes to be fomewhat more inquifice and diligcnr,to findeoat the true and genuine plants,and give them their proper names (and hath it not fo fallen out in Divinitie thinke you as you fee it hath done in Philcfophie) for thereupon although ‘Brunieljiut call it Acorw, yet Tragus called ic Adulterine, and Cordut, Cjefner, Matthiolus and others call it Acorw falfns, and Lobel Acorn pa/uflrij t FuchpM Turner and others call it Gladiolus luteus\ but : Dodor ,am Pfeudoiris t and others his palufiris lutea which (flufiws m (peaking of the true Acorw faith that the mod judicious take it Co be the Butomos of Theophrajhu , The Verities. T he roore of this water Flagge is very aflringent cooling and drying, and thereby helpeth ail Laskes and Fluxes, whether of blood or humors, as bleedings at mouth, nofe or other parts, . lo , l y Huxcs **} d otllcr ? ot nature,- and womens too abounding courses : the dcftilled water of the herbe flowers and rootes is a foveraignc good remedy for watering eyes, both to bee dropped in o them 2 have clothes or fpunges wetted therein and applyed to the forehead, it alfo helpeth the foots or blrmlSk t >appen in or about the e t es.or in any ocher parts: thefayd water fomented ori 1 wellings and hot inflam ,- thaC oi womens fore breads,upon cankers alfo and thofe fpreading ulcers called Noli me tanrere dorh mnefl m J clons lame al lo helpeth luch foule ulcers as happen in the privy parts of man or woman or elTe whert E * the Chap. o c Tbeatram ’Botanictm , Tr i b r 14.' Chap. VII. TujJiUgo. Coltsfoote or Folcfoote.' $*ggJgOrtsfo°te Hiootetbup a flcndcr ftalke with fmall yellowifh flowers fomewhat carlie, which fall away S quickly,and after they are paft,come up fomewhat round leaves, yet fometimes dented a little about the edges, much Idler, thicker and grcener,then thole of Butter bone, with a little downe or freele, vCt&f&x over (jjegrecne lealeon the upper fide, which may be rubbed away, and whitifh or mealy underneath: the roote is fmall and white.fpreading very much in the ground, fo that where it taketh, it will very hardly be clenfed from ic againe,if any little pecce be abiding therein, and from thence fpringing frefh leaves. The Place and Time, It groweth in wet grounds ufually,yet as well alfo in the dryer places, and fiowreth in the end ©f February 1 he leaves beginning to appeare in March, The Names, It is called in Greekc .^o^and T ujjilago in Latine, anotij/ima militate quam fra ophthalmicii & tufli vex- atisy and in the Apothecaries (hops Farfara, and VnguUCaballina y and of Tome Populate, from the likerefle of the leaves unto the white Popler leaves: many fnppofe that this may be Tiphyum oiTbeophra/lwy as well as the Petajites, in that both of thsm bring their flowers before their leaves; Pliny calleth it Farranum , and Farrugiumr All Aut-hourscall it Ttt/Jilago but Camerariw maketh three forts of Bcchiumjhtt. is this and the Petafites,which he callcth Tuflilago maj?r t and the third he faith is the Caltha paluflrts , which as he thinketh may bcufed inftead of Tujfilago which is afluredly a great errour, theCd///j*comming neerer to the nature ol Ranunculus, then Tu/filage, The Italians call it Farfara^ and Farfarelhty and Vnghia di cavallo, The French 7 -as de cheval t and Pa/d afne. The C/ermxnes Brandat lettich cjuafi Vftulorum la ft uca,and Ro/hub that is ,Vngttla (/'aballina , The Dutch Hof/ bladeren y that is foote leafe. And we in J EngUJb Folefoote,ind Colcsfoote,and Horfe hoofe. The Venues, Colts foote while it is frefh is cooling and drying, but when it is dry the cooling quality which remained in the moifture.being evaporate ic is then fomewhat hoc and dry 3 and is belt for thole that have thinne rheumes and diftillations upon the Lungs caufing the cough, thereby to thicken and dry it,as the frefh leaves or juyee, or Sy¬ rup made thereof, is fitted for an hot drycough, and for wheefings,and fhortneffe of breath: the dryed leaves taken as Tabacco is in the like manner good for the thinne rheumes, diftillations and coughes, as alfo the roote ta¬ ken in like fort as Diofcondes and Galen fay. The diftilled water hereof Amply or with elder flowers and Night- fhadc is a lingular remedv againft all hot Agues, todrinketwo ounces at a time, and to have fome clothes wet therein and applyed to the head and ftomack, the fame alfo applyed to any hot Ivvellings or any other infiarn- Tujfilaio Herba fne fort. Coles foote without Bowers* fiowcri mitions Ta 1 BE I 4 . The Theater of ‘Plants. ChatJ 1221 ,'”“3 do * much good, yea it helpeth that difcale called Saint Anthonies fire, and burnings alfo, and is fingu- nilesor^nfrbr^n wheales and lmall pulhes that rife through heate, as alfoagainft the burning heate offhe P* ® r °f c hc privy parcs,coapply wee clothes therein to the places. 'Lflfatthfaltn (heweth rhat in the roo*-eof foundnn r Ct ^ gr r et nl CCrtaitie Cortcn '<* white W00U, which being clenfed from he rooteslnl bot „d u p_ ,n J.nncn clothes and boyled in lye for a while, and afterwards fomc fait niter added unto it. aShdrv- cd up againe in the Sun is the belt tinder t0 :ake fi bei nroke from a fiint thac caR bc h d “* a,,d mm ,yij x ' ' " i (fc " Chap* VIII. Cac alia. Great and ftrangc Colts footc. | F this kinde of Colts foote as I may fo call it there are two forts deferibed by authors w hich I mean j me* SSSTtfel? Unt ° thCm an0thCr Am *" PU “ C Which in “y “P^ion corr,: . 1 • C*™*}* ‘tCM, rotunda folio. Hoary ftrange Colts foote. ;sS=““ ,r " ^ pS *. *. Cac alia folio mcano rotttvdo (? glabra acumitttto, Ho.Fry and Smooth ftnangg Coltf foote. | • Cacalia Americana. Colts footc of America, T222. Chap. Tbsatrum c Botan icun u __ T R IB E 14. 3 . Cacal,* ^j a * t B a y^°d htgh!and two fomewhat ronnd but pointed leaves This Granger rifeth up with many round upper leaver being fmaller,and little or nothing dented, a little dented about 1the edges.at each joynt 0 , with PP w [ lite flowers, divers fmall ones, made of five sc the topper of the ftalkcs come forth diver . th P re f uccee de fmall long feede, (licking each to a little leaves apecce, riling out of eachhuske,whic gp > ^ Theroote con fift et h ofabufhof blackifh threds or downe, vyhich ca "y ed aw ^“gethcr ^ flalkes and leaves periling yearely, but grow brownifh fibres, which abideth the extremity of the V • cr ; nr0C) te,leafe,nor flower, whatfoever Corrwrui faith at the end, this hath no lent that I could perceive.neither in room, ,that 1 / cutli *by any Writer but Engdunenjis, who callcth ' e fame thing1 hefeflan, sate would make a third fort of thefe Emofean kinds, rhe f.cond TuJJiUgoA/pmaivem -• f 1 , . ; t ; s the very fame, and therefore giveno but 1 fin dc his dcfcriptlon lo anfvverable to the firft loft, y ■ r /io p„ „/£„ becaufe he hath ano- further defiription of it. The lafl or Valerinaa. But I can find no fuch t'urof that fort with a purple flower, fay' ng Jnd ^ mounta i ne Coltsfoote, as (ome have done,becaufe t. eng ill it, I have called it great «ntl (It ng > Mnimraine Coltsfoote.which grow alwaies on the dryer grounds, thiiearc other herbs more properly tobe ca e nartsof the mountaines; and becaufe the flowers are white as dial! be Chewed in due place,and thefe m t m P Cacalia's, for by that name did Matter Tra. and Hand like a V Jenin. I have therefore as I thmke added it to tnel . ith me dcfiM receive it firft from beyond Sea, of whom I received the plant that grow cth me. The Seep ,1 „ At -W * f ™< •^SSSttSStfttiSSSf firmethfayi-'g the tame ot h.s cerote or ointment, addeth that the Pearelike graines which are fonnd in his Cacaha y oeaten anu doth make the skinne fmooth, and will Bay the falling of the haire as j Chap. IX. Lapp* five Bardattfl, The ^Urre Docke* E have three or foure (ortsof Buries fome greater then others.and fome with more woolly heads, as Mg! Wfo.araHge^r^fcn^ Thc common Burre Docke . The common Burre Docke bringeth forfh many large hard greene leaves, fomewhathke unto tie Rurter Burre or wild Docke but more crumpled,and of a darker greene colour on the upper ii e,and and fiimewdiatgravifh underneath, amoSgwhich rifeu/hardandrough' vv ith many the like but Idler leaves on them,and many branches alfo, bearing at PP hah ■ out of (he or burres with crooked pointed prickles, apt to ilicke on any garment or other thing ” toppe ot each of them come forth many hard purplifhtlueds, which are the flowers, wl^ch after mey regraded leaves are rounder and ftnaller, and the burre fmaller,harder and with very fharpe hard crooked pon t , r ng y (licking to what it toucheth. ^ ^ The Rofe Burre. . u . ... 2 Bardana major Lr.Hqinofis capitvlii. The woolly headed Burre. , , . This alfo differetb little from the firft but onely that the leaves grow not altogether fo great, and ihehea s being fmaller are woolly all over,and the prickles not fo ftaarpe or [licking a Xanthium five Lappa minor, The fmall Burre. ^ r TH- fmall Burre rifeth up with a rough crefted flalke,about two foote high, with many olackilh fpets npon tJlrSrS "branched with two much fmaller and whiter leaves ,« everyjoyn, flancflng upon long footefla’kes, divided into threeparts ulually, fomewhat like “ nt0 ^’ a 5.a. e toppesof hem come dented about the edges; at the joynts of the (talkc and branches with the leave towards th e toppes ot tfiem.come forth fmall flowets.which abide not long, aad after them two or three (mall clofe burres. a toppe, wherein lyc two or three fmall lancke feedes lomewhat like unto an Oatc w ) headesopen : thc roote is fmall fomewhat long and tibrous,peri(ning yearely. 'J'bc Place andTzwtf. . . i • l Someoi thefe grow not in our Country that I can leame,but neere Lipfwuk* m ^ kcw jf e# cvcry Burre,thc ordinary is plentiful! enough with us by ditches an£ water fides, and thc hig W v w herc where, but the two laftrarei not fo frequent,yet are found in fundry place i, and the fail in two or three daces be; tweene Tiienham ,and Chepfiow in the foote way. pt CC # The Names, It ts called in Qreeke 4 ««-r Arcium (and not ArUium, tor that is Artlurum 3 plant with leaves Iik eSlattaria whereof I have entreated in thefirft Claflis of this Worke and the aa. Chapter :) in Latine Perfintta, and Lappa C1 r d B r rdarUl ln The firft 1S called & Lappa major by moll writers. ‘DodoZui Tl l \ohZ m /Z’ La ff am p^ ^auhmue Lappa major Arcium Diofcoridis. Trap* putteth it inter vitia her- . ‘ , as h " an i d ^ th f rS d< ?f LoU ? m a . nd 1±e bite,inter vitiafiugum, thinking belike that this is a degeneration o,n other Rood Hetbes, by reafon of the burres, as Cardui and Tribuli be alfo accounted as they thought whfch ! ' , rour ‘^° ! erab ,; e p r Chrl(llans t0 avei-re, who doe or may learne out of a truer Schools then C«/c« 0 r the L th th* C0U d,tha i th j fin " e of “an caufed God ro curfe the eari h,and to caule it to produce Cardues and Tribu- r.as hey are reflated,as fcver.II kmdes of hetbes.even as Lolium and the reft are,and each feede brinneth far* it ownektnde,according as God appointed it in the beginning, from theCreationor mans fall atthe ieaft The fccond is reme nbered onely by Hauhmm , under the title of Lappa major rofea. The third is called by Mar thiol, ,r premia five Lappa major altera, and thwketh it to be the PerfoUta PJkij, for he maketh memioi/both of Per ’ n V^ Per (!‘ , ‘n‘‘ "r thC ame Booke and cha P r er, and Lobel calleth it ArPiium montdrium an Pcrfolata P/inif Bauhmju calleth it Lappa major mortal capUnlU tomentofi, five ArUium Diojcoridis, as LobdAoih whereby it I W yCOn t, ari | d o( Dio foot nfee together, which nmUem before his edftion rnffl . keti in him or others. for although Buuhtma applyeth Arcium to the former, and ArUium to this later yet th-le rwobe.ng fo like one to anochcr,and thedefeription of Arcium and Artlium in Diofcorides, fo differim-both in leale feede and roote. I doe wonder how he can make them to agree. The hit is affuredly the Xar. t hium 0 °Dk Jcondes .although 7 r«» was douotfull fo to call it, bur rather Lappa minor ,and is called Pbafa.-.mou and Pbrntra r J n”: a ' ld a » °iher Authorsfince, doe call it Xamhium, yet fome StrLarU, nd wet! nerahy call it Lappa minorpinA Bar dan a miner, Ue Italians call the greater fort Lappola maoeiore, nd the lefl r mrr.o.e And th c French Grefue Ghuteron or Gleueron, and grande Bardane, and petit jrlcmero* The German,. ^Oklenep and ««. klener,. The Dutch groote clifeu , and k/eineclifen. And we m Euglifl, great! Purre or Bun e Docke.CIoteBune.and Ditch burre :and the Icffer.thefmallBurre or Louie Burre. 8 butte or Lurie The Vertues. toheale“S jmatrery and bloody fiegme: The l^t^s a^pltd°onThe*plt« troiTbred^wi^hltihrinUirig ofthe'finewes'or a!- 6 jttrics give much eale : the juyee of the leaves,or the rootes rather themfclves, gire^twdrinktwith'oU wine Mtnmmm a dot h Tbeatrum 1 Botanicum. RIBS 14. _ 7 ^^n^rfuu 7 helpe thcbitings oTany fcrpcnts.as alfo of a mad dcgge, and ,f thcroctefcebeatcn wnh .little r hndTJ l on he p ace, it willTuddenly eafe the patient ol the paine: thejuvce ot the leaves taken with bony 3 -sunk th urine and remedieth the paines of the bladder: the feede being drunke with wine.forty day es together provoketh urine,an Sciatica • the leaves bein" bruiled with tlje white of an egge, and laid on any place burnt'withfire doth ake out the fire, giveth fuddaine eafe, and healeth it up afterwards rhedecoa.on of them fomented onsny fretting fore or cancker, ftayeth the corroding quality which after mufl be annotated w.than tomenecaongni ircuiii 0 Awnoia niter and vir.eear boiled together. The reotes may he preierved withSuh’r and ufeenftfting, o?ac other times for the laid purpofes.and for Confumptions, as alfo for thofe that with ou ar and ra h t he feede is much commended tobreake theffonc, ardcaufe it to be expel- ?Xt-ine Z i thing* for that pur F ofe: The Idler burte feedes as .and wet places where they grow,which lhall be deferibed in this place. Vnto thefe alfo 1 might adde all the lor of Spinage, if I had not fet them forth in my forme r Booke,or were of Bauhmm mind e, that they belonged to t i. LavathumacHtummayti' The Red Docke. The red Docke from a great and longblackilh roote on the outlide.and fomewbac reddifh an(i yellowifh with¬ in fendeth forth many long hard and narrowifh greenc leaves,more pointed at the ends then in other lorts,among which rifeth up a fuffe hard (hike,three or fourc foote high,fet with the like leaves, but fmailet Hill up to the t p, , Ufa,hum «ulum mjur. 3- t 'tatHm'Mut* mhimum Tiered Dock. The farallelt pointed Docke. 26 Chap. 10. Theatmm Botanicum. Tribe 14 . 9 . LapctbummaTitimumF*t;4vm. The ftcong fentcil Sea Dockc. and brtneheth forth into fundry fprigges, bean -• . Jdifh flowers, and broWtie triangular feede after 2. Lapathumacutummim Small ftiatpc pointed Docke. The roote of this Docke is long and flender, p^r u ry wi :h final) fibres thereat, and of a yellow colour ontheinfide, the leaves are narrow and long waved in on : ’e edges, as if they were crumpled, the ita ean flowers,with feede following, is like unto the former, bu: tha: they ftandnot onfnch long lpi Jgges, but c 0 er together, tome at the joynts,or tdfnpafling theftalkes, and others at the toppes,and of a darker colour. 3. Ldpmhum acfttum minimum. The Imaller pointed Docke This fmall Dock: diflfereth little from the firft, for forme and manner ofgrowing,but in the greatnefic, this be¬ ing much Imaller and lower.the roote is fmall and more yellow. q.Lfipathumfjlveflrevul^atiui, The Common wild Docke. The to mm on Docke that grower!' every where,differeth little from the Garden Docke or Patience, but that the leaves hereof are fomc what broader and rounder at the points, and the rootes more yellow? and or Icuculc r. Hippolapathum rctundifolium Africum, The round leafed Docke of Africa. This roun I Docke is very like in the leaves unco the other round leafed Docke, mentioned in the fajond ClalTi* before in this worke, but fomewhat thicker, tbeftalkerifetb higher, the flower is grecnifh, and i the roote is fomew hat round like unto a Tumeppe, but yellow both within and without, the whole plant and every part th.reof is fweecifli without any other manifeft talte,and is therefore not cold as the other Dockes are, but not in the firfl degree. . . 6 . LapatbumvpQmfum five bonus Hcnricut, Englijh Mercury. I nroflnecies pur this herbe among the Dockts, according as the bed Herbarifts doe, rather then with the wild Arrdches&s home others have done, and fliew you that it hath divers broad and longthickc fat darke greene leaves, upon long Ualkes,pointed at the ends,and double pointed at the bottomes, fomewhat like unto Sorrell,the ftalkcs arc many,two foote high,full of leaves,and at tbetoppes many fpikes of greenifn fiowerB, and flat leedcs after them,the roote is tbicke great and long and yellow like a Docke : the whole plant is often overlpread wit \ mealy daft, like unco Arracbe ,which hath caufed divers toreferre it to them. 7. Hjcirolapathumm ’jtu. The greater Water Docke. This great Water Docke, groweth very like the common wilde Docke, but greater and higher, with larger , nd longer leaves,ai d not fo round pointed, the rootes alfo are fhorter,and fuller of fibres, and of a darke red co- fjur. 8. Bydrolapatbum minus, The leffer water Docke. tK; U ffer Water Docke hath leffer leaves, long and narrow,and lower flalkes, fuller of branches, wit owers nd .. ,ke unto the reft of the Dockes, and fo ire the rootes likew ife,but fmaller and full of long Itringes and fibre,. ' * 1 LI IBS I 4 . ^TheTheater of ¥lants. Chap. 10. 122 rj Tlthton Crain#, 9. Lapathum maritimumfatuhm. The drong fented Sea Docke Bccaufc Brtuhintu pimxth this herbs among theDockts not knowing belike whercuntoeifc to rcferre it, even fo mud I untill I fee moreof it,and lay with him that the ftalke is reddifh,a foote high and bending divers waics: the leaves that (land on long footeftalkes arc tome what round, and of a darke red colour, fitmt times waved about theedges, and winged ufually at the bottomes, tr with two (mall peeces like cares : the Hal ke is patted into many branches, with the like but lefler leaves on them,and a little dented about the edgesat the toppe of the ftalke ftandctb a (pike of flowtrs,compo(ed of foure tnofiie leaves a peece,after which follow leak’d round heads, contain png the feede. 10. Lapathum [anqttincum. Bloodwoit. ThisD.tcke.becaufeit is often uled as a pot-berbe,implanted in Gardens yet found wildalfo, having reddifh long It: a vs: -, or greenifh with red {lrip£s,thc relt of the plant comming neereft unto the red Docke, but 1 mailer as rhe ropte is alio, yctnotforeddiih. Cxfalpttms irrenttontth another iott hereof, with broader and rounder leaves. The Tlace and Time. All thefc Dockes except the fifth and the ninth, grow in moifl: and wet places on the Land, and thofeother in the like places neer the Sea, that of Africa necreSophra, and the other neerc Mompclur : And beare (cede in the end of Auguft at the iiu theft, and fomc earlier. The Names. It is called in Grcekc hfsaia-x Lsz s,. aeclfcn' quad ualrt exinanire, & pro ventrem levarc uftsrpatur, the word > ± os to is ufed by Ariftotle, lib. 2, Phyftcfi or si CaSioai ft >.e. n;son iyeret c i, id eft vcrbigratia,ambirlarc, ft eft alvi left vandx gratia. ZaparAawalfo,and Rumex m Latine. The firlt is the Oxylapatbumot Tiofcorides, and fo called by Trrcbftiu.MatthioUu, and others, but it is not the Oxalis, for Diofcoridh doth diftinguitli betweene them, the one from the Lower juice theother from the iharpe leafe, for S;vr is referred both to the talk and forme. Co,due on T>iofeorides calleth it Rumexacinus , Tragus.Label ,and Dodoneus.Lapathumacutum. The lecond is called by Banhintu,Lapathum acutum folio crifbo, as Tabermmlamu did, whole figure Gerard ufed and called it Hydrolapa-, thummimtt. The third is lb called ?y Label, as it is in the title. The fourth is called Rumex agreftUby Cordutf ar.d Lapathum folio minus acuta, or retufo by Label, Hippolapathumfylveslre by Tabrrmantantu, whole figure Gerard uiing,entituled it Hydrolapathum magnum. The fifth was brought us out of Africaby ‘Boc/.vrho for thelikeneffe or the leaves, and fome other refpefls called it as it is in the title, which we have continued, not knowing where elfe to place ir, untill we have further knowledge of ir,’.hen of the dryed plant which he bronght. The lixtisu- fually called Bonus Henricusby OlLirthiobu ,Brunfelftiu,Tragu< and othtrs, Rumex vuSuoftu alio by Tragus,md Rumsci,genus by Fachfius,Tota bona by TSodancut and Label, and Lapathifylveftris [ccuuduns genus by Dalecham - and by Bauhinus Lapathum snBuafum, by Gefner Atriplicisfftecies, and by Lonicerus Atuplex Ccfiina fylveftris. The (eventh Tragus callcth Rumexpaluftrit,Tabcrmomanus LapathumpaluStre, gefner,Mctttbiolus, and ’Dodomeus, Hippolapatlurn Jylveftre, Label and Lugdunenfis Hydrolapctthummagntsm aqrsatscumor m.tjm. Theeighth is called Hjdrolapathum minus by Label and Lugdunenfis, and not (ativum mTSaubinus fettech itdowne in his Pirax. The ninth is by Bauhinus his appellation fo called as it is in the title Thelaft is called Lapathum nigrum byfome, and fubrumotrubensbyatbtssftsanguisdracanisberbaby Gefnerin hortis. and Lapathum fmguineum by Lobcl. The Arabians ci\lthclSoc\te Humadh,and Hamad. Tix Italian; Rom bice and Lr. pacta. The Spaniards Labafa, and Poradella. The Stench Pantile. 7 lie Germane; Ampffer for tile generall word as Sarvr ampffer for Sorrell. The ’Dutch Patich and Teerdick,. And we generally Docke,and then adde the fcverall denominations as fower Docke or Sorrell,wilde Docke,Garden Docke, & c. '! iic Snglifh Mercury is called by the Germanes gaoler Henrietta and Schmerdel. T he Dutch Garden Henris f and Lam:, eks ■ bore. The French Hcrbode Charpcntier. The art ues, ‘ ■ AH the forts of Dockes have a kind ofcooling but not all alike drying quality,for the Sorrels are more cold then any of the reft, and the Bloodwort more drying, h leedes of moll of them be drying and binding: Lome of thetnbelidcs the Sorrell wereufed to he eaten. - ds'srui therefore put rhem inter alcracca, and tortheinofl part the leaves were dewed or boyled.and fo they did the moreeafily paffe through the belly,without giving ei- ther any great or good nouri(liment,taving a morifuretotbe body. The feede of moil as I faid, tithcr of the Garden or the tieldes, doth ftay laskes and fluxes of ali fort-, and the fubverfions or loathings of the ftomacke through choller,and is ashelpefuUtothofethatlpitbiood. Therooteslikcwifeof the mod of them exceptthe Rhaes or Rubarbes,andthered Dock are drying and binding, conducing to the fame cfkfta aforefaid, butallthey have an opening quality in them,fit to loofen and make the body (oluble,and are therfore of greater ufe thenall the other parts befides, opening the obdrudlions of the hlood.and cooling and clenfing the blood, and helping thofe that have rhe j'aundice, and for that purpofc are our Englifh, and Munkes Rubarbe, the Garden and the wild red Dockes ufed with other things to make diet Ale or Becre the feede being taken in wine helpeth thebitingsof the Scorpion faith ’Diofcarides and flirty. The rocresboylcd in vinegar, helpeth the itch, icabbes and other brea. kings out in the skinne.if they be bached there with.thc diddled water of the herbe and rootes tendeth to the fame effcft.and befides clenfeth the skinne of freckles,morphews,and all other fpots and difcolourings therein. The Englifh Mercury as it is called,or good Henry the roote is drying and clenfing’ the herbe is mollity ing and loofen- ing, by reafon of the fatneffe or moift flipperinefie therein taken inwardly, but applyed outwardly to wcundes andfores.it clenfeththe foulenefleandhealethandclofech them up afterwards wonderfully: The properties of the Rubarbes.and the Sorrels are feverally declared before in their proper places. Ch ap. Raphanus Raphar.w paluftrfa five aquation t Water Reddifh, Here are two forts of herbesentituled Water Reddifhes,whichl ir.uft therefore here fet togctbcr,and (hew yea which they are. i. Rahpa*iu tiquaticw. Water Reddifli. The Water ReddiOuifeth up in the water with (lender weake and bending (hikes yeelding to and fro,whereon are let a* every joynt a long and fomc-what broad leafe, very deepely cndtnted or cut in on the edges,unto the middle rib, at thetoppeofihe ftalke commeth forth a frn-ll tuft of yellowifl) (lowers, made of fotire leaves a peece, after which follow frriall andalmoft round pods with round Rede in them: the roote runneth in the mudde, (laooting out fibres in fundry places.I have thought good to give yon both Bauhtnus his figure hereof, which he faith is more exaft then that of Lcbels, and Labels alio but furcly Labels life,as both he and I have feene fuch growing, it feemeth that Baubmu his figure is of anothei fort, being to the 2. Raphamts aquatic w altet. Another Water Reddifh. This other Water Raddifh groweth more upright in that it feldome groweth in ponds of water, as the other doth, but in or neere watery ditches to be a yard high or better, with liindry ftalkes riling from a long tough white roote,with divers firings and fibres thereat, whereon are fet many long leaves, much tome or cut in on both edges, at the toppe of the (talkes Rand Urge tufts of whitilh or purpiifh flowers, which turne into flaort pods and feede in them,not fo round as the former. The Place and Time. The firft groweth never but in waters or brookes, or where (lore of v;atcr is continually, the other a* well in bottomes neere the waters as in fmall watery ditches fometimes and (lower after Midfommer, the lceu ripening above a moneth after. * The Names. The firfl is called Rjtphanua aquation by Tabermontanwt and Cjerard , and BaulAtaa adderh in profunda* lac ini as divifus , (who taketh it may be the Rapbar.m of Theephaflui,th2X is like to Rocket)and pahflris by Lugdu/u»fs,Lo - bel calleth it Raphanw fyheftris ofile inarum aqtiaticw , and fDodonaus RadicuU fy he fir is. (fafidpimn called it Si- fymbriumfylveLlre. The other is the Rapifirum aquatic urn oiT^bermontanus and Gerard, which Bauhtnus calleth i. Raphanw aquaticiu Lobehj. Lolitls Water Reddilh. i. Rapbamu aqpaticus Baubini. Water Rcddiilxof Bauhtnw. TtU BE 14. The Theater of'TUntu : hanM nrjaatictu alter, for findingit did better agree with the Reddiih then wich the Charlocke,he altered the title as I here declare it unto you: 7 "be Vertttes. Neither of both thefe are properly ufed in Phyficke that I know, yet they both tafte Lomewhat hot in the mouth, and the former Water Raddifh more then the 0- ther, and therefore I thinke may beufed mthelleadofHorfe Raddifh, to warme a cold Aomacke,and to helpe both to pro¬ voke urine and toexpell winde,for which purpofe, theleedeis more effedfuali then the herbe, and the roote of more force then the feede. a. Raphanut pdufirii alter. Another water Raddilh. Vatciutnm pabslre. Vaccmumpalufire. Marfh Whortes.' a A.rfh Whorts,hath fundry (lender brownilh branches like threds, fcarfe a foote long, creeping upon 1 the ground, and rifing from a long white roote,th« groweth aflope and not dow neright,belec with | many fmall leaves like thofe of Time.arcertainediftanccs, greene on the upper fide, and hoary un- . derneath oftentimes, the flowers rife out from the toppes,fet upon long threddy foorcfhlkes, conli- * ftinv of five reddilh leaves, with an umbone in the middle, which tnrne into round reddifh berries, fpotted with fine fmallfpots and prickes, with lome lancke feedes in them, the beincs have a fowrilh tafle, and the leaves are aftringent. The Place and Time. It'groweth in Moorifh places, where it is often covered wichtnoffc, and flowreth in My, the berries being ripe in Ateettfi. The Names. IF -Dodaneut and Lobcl,t&\\ this Teccimapa/ttflrU. Gefner in hortii, «^//>iMcallethic lActmtriapaluftrie. Cerdm 1 in his’hiflory Fvl. 140. Oxjcoccam : hot Gc/verdoubteth it 1 to be another fort from this, and Batthima Vitit Idia pa/a- . firis .faying it is the third Uitis Jdaa of (^ItejiM, wherein 1,c is much miftaken.for he doth but onc'y name it there, and doth not fay that it is the fame, as any man that readeth the place nfiy ealily underhand. ™be Vert ties, TiodomM faith it is good again!!: hot agues, and quench- eth the third in them,and the heate of chollef.itfliayeth vo- iiiirings,andrcftoreth a decayed from icke,that hath loft the appetite by corrupt humours,and doth refill peftilentiall dif- eaks. ■ " Pw' IIS. #| Ilrlral I f: I? L ;I,- if ! Theatrum c Botamcum . Chap. XIII. Afarnibitm ayaaticam. Water Horchonnd. SNtorhe Water Horehounds Jmuft adjoyne two or three other plants, necteft thereunto both in . face and place,which 1 reletved out from the former Horehounds, to fet here. t. Atarrubium acjHaticitm vttlgarc. Our ordinary Water Horehound- , This Water Horehound growcth lomewhat great and high, with ftrong fquare ftalkes, having two fome what large and long leaves fet at every ,'oynt, fomewhat dcepely dented about thecd ‘ ges, not hairy or rough at all.butfmooth and grecne : at the j'oynts with the leaves towards the toppes hand fmall whitilh flowers in rough greene huskes comparing the ftalkes about: the feede that followeth is blackifli and roundjoure ufually fet together in the huske : the roote is a tuft of blackifh firings. 2. Marrubium acfuattcum uttcrum. Hairy Marlh Horehound' This other Water or Marfh Horehound hath fquare ftalkes, but hairy and a little hoary and rounh, whereon arc let leaves by couples,as in the former,hairy hard and hoary, much more cut in on the ed»es,even to the middle ribbe, making them tceme like the leaves of the great Mountaine Scabious, the ends being”pointed and (h-, p e- the flowers are white and fmall, Handing in rough fliarpe pointed huskes compaffinu the ftalkes at the jovnt* as the former doth. , nigrum fetidumrSaUoie d.blum. Stinking blacke Horehound. The ftinking blacke Horehonnd hath divers (quare blackifh hairy greene ftalkes riling from the roote, whereon are fet upon long footelialkes round darke grecne leaves full of veincs.a little hairy.and endented about the edoes fmelling fomewhatftrongly twoalcvaies at a /oynt: the flowers are gaping andofapnrplifh colour, lomewhat like the red dead Nettie,in greenilh huskes compaffing the ftalkes as the others doe, tie (eede likewile is blacke .... and round,and foure fet together ufually alio: the roote is blackifh and threddy. 1 have found this with white f .art Alio fl owcrs ,in the way to Rochtftcr,bz[k a mile from Gravrfend. 4- Marrubium nigrum Creticum. Candy blacke Horehound. 1 his blacke Horehound of Candy , hath the firft leaves that rife from a flringy roote, fomewhat like unto that of a Primrofe,being many larger and longer then thofe of the white Horehound,dented about the edges and fharec pointed, as big as thofe of baime,andof fo blacke a“to1our as it may feeme to be fo coloured or dyed by art,and i'o are both the Iquarc llalkes and the many like leaves but Ieffer that grow together, at the feveraU joynts of them, up to the toppes, where the flowers ftand compafling them, being in forme like unto thofe of Horehound. but blackifh alio,it is wholly without fent or caftc. * i. Marrubium ajaiticumvulgare. Our ordinary Water Horthound, ?• Marrubium nigrum fxtiJuu BaUote dtflum. Stinking Horehound. X R I B £ 14. TheTheater ofTUnis. Chap. 14. 1231 The Place and Time, Jhcfe doe all grow in moift and wet grounds: the firft and third in our owne Country in iundry places. The fecond in Ateftrt*, And the lad in Candy, They hower in the Sommer moneths, and give their fcede foonc after. The Names. The fitft is called Ctytarrubjumaquatic umby Tragiu/Dodo- 7 i£Mj Lobel, and Lugdnnenjts.OV Adarrubium‘ % palttjtre by o- tilers, CMatthiolm puctech it for the firft S ideritis of Diofcori - des, and lo doe Angui Ur a fie (her in bortU s Lacuna, Camerariw > Tb'Aius ^and Lugdunenjis :but Lonicertu and Lobel put it for his fecond Sideritis , faefncr alio calleth it Lancea ^brifii,znd Bats - himft, Alarrubutm pain fire glabrum, as he doth the fecond pa- Ittfirc hirjntpsm. 1 he third is called in Greeke by Diofcerides (ia.hh*-ti i at\dfjLiKa.vTr£ ^inga number of fmall reddifh flowers ‘ , LmomummmmHm. The fmallellSea Marfh Bugloffe. This lead «•.««.,is fca'rfe foure inches high,having from a fmall long redd.lh more parted at the toppe In- lmsieaite. , , roundifh leaves thicke fet together, in forme and manner ofa fmall Houie- leeke.the flowers w n^ S ea marfh Bugloffe of Of this lott there are two or three diffcrences.one low,fcaife anhandbredth high, whofc ffalke is winged, like i. Limoniummajiuvulgatm. The greater ordinary Sea Marfh Bug'ofle. 3. Limonivm Uarbontn r e parvum. The final] Ftench Marfh Bugloffe, unto that of Ranwo/fim, having leaves on one patt.and barest 7, I'wmio congener clu[ij. another, which Itaves are not long, or indented like it, but The hollow leafed ftrangc plant., fomewhat round and a little waved as it were on the edges. Another fort growethhalfe a yard high, with the hke win¬ ged ftalltes,full of branches which arc'hard rough and wQod- dyjand the like leaves on them, as this other letter fort hath, the flowers of both forts are of a pale blew colour .like unto that of Ranwolfinr. Both thefe forts we had from Bn/j ^s for¬ merly mentioned, taken from the fight of the dryed hfrbes: hut we received from him at Lejhbone, the (eedes of tuya other forts which were intituled LjcbnitU Conpnarix folio, and Li- monittm Ferula folio, butbecaufe neither of them fprung with us, we can as yet fay no more of them. 7. Limonio congener Clufij. The hollow leafed ftrangc plant of C/afm. This llrange plant hath fuch ftrange leaves, as the .like are feidome feene in any other that we know .growing, for they are nine or tenor more, riling from the he'ad of a I'inall fong rootc,each by it felfe,being fmall below, and growing grea¬ ter upward,with a belly as it were bunching forth, aifi} a bow¬ ing backe,hollow at the upper end, with a peece tt;er?on like aflappe, and like unto the flower of Arijlofybia^ f Birth- wort.and round at the mouth like a halfe circle, fulj of great daikepurplilhveinesontheinfide •• the whole leafe iy of a thickefubttancealmoft like unto leather, ; among theft leaves fprang a ftalke but was broken fliort of, fo that what flower or feed it bore could not be obferved. This was font to Clufiw from Puri,, by one that received it from Ltjhbone in the fame manner. But of late Matter lobn Tradefianf the younger, found this very plant in Vir. •jr«*».having his toppe thereon,which he brought home,and growetb with him.which 1 here fhew you with Clu- f m< his figure: The leaves are longer narrower and not bellying out, and the flower is borne at chetopofthc roun- difh feedeveflell. 7 he 7 J Uce and Time, ‘ All thefe forts grow in the wetficldes neere the Sea, fome in our owne land, as the firft an 1 (econd, theothcr three next them in France about Mempelier,vnd MarfcUet,mA Ligome alfo, the fixt African kinde, and the other forts thereof,were brought us by Hoc! often before remembred, from that part of Aflat that the Spaniards doe N nn nn a ‘ bold Li manib m LytbmtU toonatice folio er Li mot turn Peril* Jo- tlo. ill i 4 r 1 * 12 C H A P. iS. C J beatrum ‘ B otanicum. Tribe 14 , lX.'fo,'fo it'vas fi^mfied by b>m ^rftmtfcur^I have fcewed you in Kr/1 aifo The reft flower in the end of Summer,and their leede ripeneth not long » c . The Names. . Tr i taken to be the «**■» i of ‘Diofcorides, in Greeke fo called becauic it groweth ‘r r „. ..'51 tram, and Limonium alfo in Latine. The fitftisnioft frequent as well beyond Sea, asonour ,J ft/, 'nthefer .oresfceine drved were fold in former times by counterfetters, for Benrutrum to the A- owuccoafh.mdt Jv J in forth lay, r Dodtmaits callcth it Valeriana rubrefimilu all other Authors pothecaries, as GmUudm*. found ^ Doftor ^ tbe fieldes nc£rc the Se , by CoU f}L iTT/L th ro mavbe the fame he found about Valeria in Spain The third is the Limmmn far- m The fecond is of our owne Land round out oy uoejp ““‘T.’™' 1 l ‘ ,c «». 0 y —r f',1, fame he found about Valenti* m Spawe. The third is theMr- clitfter^znd as C and The fourth and fifth, are fet forth by onely foWsTbs-ovand Predtomu,. The fix’th ofbofh for/s were never before hv anv. The lad » «i. 1,1 1111 ■* _ . - • . • * i :n_„fT)Unro nnH T havC h . hi , TiMX and Prodrormn . The fixth ofboth lorts were never uuu.imcu uc.u.v oy -"y. a , »u » as is eerore ,1 ‘ t 1, hisHillorv ofPlants, andl have here amplified it: tut it fetmethto mecthae laid, semembre V / limaniumvereerimm Rjtareclfij,l have (hewed you in my former Bookc, LMs Thun, Ltmpidi folium is tte.The f £ t f, ere ft Pliny referreth the Limonium unto the Bcetes yCC / 1 n nk h C ie S a Wdc S B-e t y c° but gSfeith °h e r“ s wUd fore of theBeere. tortri called it in W s* Tavcndc bur without any’ether good ground,then that the colour ofthe flowers is fomewhat neere thofe of Lavender. I have therefore as you fee altered the title unto a more proper name as I take it, being m forme and colour mod like unto Bugloffe. The Virtues. • The feede of Limonium as n«-s as is faid Backpunghen ,and tTaferpungenfir bungen as 2 rvu punghen and And we in Engl.fi Brookehme ufually for thefird.and Water Pimpetr.ell for the reft following. The Venues. Tr4,w faith that Brookelime and Water Pimpernall, are both of a moift faculty, yet-other* I dr V> n° way (welling * 1 2 * * 5 , to heale the fcab, and ether the like difetfes in them. Chat. XIX. Nafiurtium aquaticum. Water Creffes. Doe diflinguifo betweene Stum and Nafiurtium aquaticum,is Bautin* and Gefuermhertjs doe, hoi- feiCln to ding them to be differing kindes of plants and not jpec.es ejufdem generu, and therefore entreate of fg) M them in lcverail placets 1 alfo mult doe in feverall Chapters,and Ipeake ofthofe forts, that for their ten fcp likeneffe unto Cardamon ,Creffes may be called WApr W»», Cardamon euudron Nafiurtium aqua,,. cun : for of the Cardaminesywhich are Field CrefTes, I have entreated in the feventh ClafGs of this Worke, one ofwhofe figures I give you here to (hew their difference. 1. Nafiurtium aquaticumvulgarc, Common Water Creflcs* Our ordinary Water Creffes f preadcch forth with many weake hollow fappy ftalkes,(hooting out hbres at the joynts and upward long winged leaves, made of fundry broad fappy and aimed round leaves, of a ^ownifh Pieene colour, the (lowers are many and white,(landing on long footedalkes,after which come (mail yellow feed contained in Lit long pods like homes, the whole plant ab.deth grecne in the Winter, and tadeth fomewhat hot and (harpe like Creffea. , rc. 2. Najlnrtittm aquaticum Italicum. Italian water Orellcs, . This differeth little from theformer.but in that the Qalkeis creded.the lcavesarecut in a little hcreand there on the edges,and dented, fomewhat refembling Patfley leaves,and in the tadc of both herbe and feede,morc mild and plealant.therootelikewifecreepeth not as the others. . >. Nafiurtium aquaticnm amarum. Bitter Water Creilcs. This fort groweth greater then the firft,with longer and more pointed lcaves/when it runneth up to Kalke, but thefird leaves are very large and round, little differing elfe from the forme, but is fo extieame bitter in tade, that none can a way with it to cate it.unleffe it be boy led in water,and folded agawe into other frcfoboyling wa¬ ter, to take away the bitterncfle, and fo iome doc cate it t this is often found growing in Cam am, as Thai,,, faith, with the former, and knowne afunder by the greatneffe. n k a. Nafiurtium aquaticumminui. Swecte duelling Water Crcfles. This fmall Water Creffe hath a fmall long white roote.with fome fibres thereat, from whence fpnne fundry winged leaves made of many much (mailer then the former, and fomewhat long With the fmallrefle, duelling reafonable well: the (hikes have divers white flowers upon them like unto the C«-<<0w»!»,but (mailer by much; the feedes are like in fuch (lender pods and of the fame tade. cfbetlacmATimt, All thefegrow in the fmall (landing waters for the mod part,ytr fometimes in (mall rivulets ofrunning water: they flower and feede in the beginning of Summer. The Names. , The fird is generally taken to be the Sifimhrium alterum of Diefsotide r,w bicb a* he faith, feme called Si urn, and others Cardominc,being Cv like in tade thereunto, Mattkiohu, Cefalpimu, indTadtrmtvtanu call it, tjqrr. num aquaticum. C u a F.io Theatrum \Botanicum . Tr i b k 14, ac]'.:.victim,Corduiy Gefner andJh.iliw Sijymbrium alter um t F itchfim and Lugdttnenfis Sifymbrium Cardamine: Do- chm&M called it Slum and Laver i Ericitu Cordui Crejfo Laver cdoratum t and Lobel Sion Cratev£ Erne*folium t AnquiUara tooke it to be Vella Galeni f and Tragus , Lontcertu ,DodomcM and Bauhinus call it Naflurtium aquatic am, the fecond Matthiolm calleth Slum vulgar e % which the Italians as he faith, call Crefcione, Lobel and Lugdttncnfis call it Slum Matthioli & Italorum, and Bauhinus Naflurtium aquaticum erettumfolio lengiore. The third Tbaltw remembreth in hi sHarcynia fylva, by the name of Sifymbrij alteritu sfecics fecunda t and 'Bauhintu Nafltertinm aquaticum majus & amarurn . The lart is called by Camerariw in his Epitome of tJMatthiolus, Sifymbrium aqua, ticum alterttmvelminus , andby LugdunenfL Cardamine quanta Dalechampiy. The Italians as is beforefaid call it ( r e fdone, the French Creffon deatte 9 the Cjermanes Brunkreffen i thcGDutch Water kre (ft find WC in Englifh Water Crefies. The Vertues. The Water Creffcs are hotter in tafle then Brookelime.and more powerful! againft the Scurvy, and to clenfe the blood and humours,and for all the other ufes whereunto Brookelime is before laid to be availeablc,as to break the Hone,to provoke urine and womens courfes : the decoftion thereof is faid to be good to wafh fcule and fil¬ thy Vlcers,thereby to clenfe them and make them the fitter to healc : The leaves or the juice is good tobeap- plyed to the face o r other parts troubled with freckles,pimples, fpots or the like at night,and taken away or wafh- ed away in the morning,the juice mixed with vinegar ,and the forepart of the head bathed therewith is very good for thofe that are dull a id drowfie,or have the Lethargy. Chap. XX. Siam five Paflinaca aquatica,. Water Parfhep. Ivers Writers have made divers forts of herbes to fuite with the Siam of ^ iofeorides , fome whereof I have fhewed you in the Chapter before,the other that are held by the mofi judicious to be the trueft and neereft thereunto {ball follow in this. I. Slum T'iofcoiidU five Paflinaca aquatica major. The greater Water Parfncp. This greater fort rifeth up with great hollow and crefted (hikes, two or three cubits high, parted into divers branches, whereon Hand long wings of leaves made of many long and fomewhat broad leaves pointed at the endcs and dented about the edges, fmooth thickc and fappy, every one whereof is as large as of a Parlnep, the flowers are white and Hand in tults or umbels, after which follow the feede which imelleth well, and is big¬ ger and rounder then Annefeede,the rootc is blacke with many fibres at the joints thereof, and of the (hike un¬ der the Water necre the ground,the whole herbe is fomewhat of a Hrong fweete fent. 2. Slum minus five Paflinaca aquatica minor . The leffer Water Parfnep.' The leffer fort is very like the former,but lower and lefler,the leaves being long and narrow? and dented alfo 1 . Sitttn Viofcoridu five ToiHnaca aquatica major . The greater water Parfncppe, 2. Siummnuifve TafiinatdaquaiieA minor* The lefler water Parfneppe. T RIB* I^. TbeTheater of T fonts. hap. 20. 2. Sim minus alt t rum. Another fraall water Parfneppe. 1241 i . Slum majus aUerum anguflifolium. Another water Parfncppc with narrow leavcs 0 Slum minimum Noli me tangere,di£ium five 3 impatient Nafiwtijfolio. 1 he Quicke or Impatient Crefl'ci about the edges,the flowers are white and the (cede fmali like the former, the roote Iikcwife is very fibrous, and both it and rhf, r* VC f ^ Cl l ' n S aron ghkeP«r»/,**. There is another of mta Wh ° feWh,tC fl °wersft,nd in rounder 3 . Siam majut alteram angujlifolium. n A f>othcr Water Parfnep with narrow leaves. . a I? r ktS of '("s Water Parfnep are hollow like Hemlocke,, 1 cubit or more high, whereon are fet fundry winged leaves like the former,butdivided into fmaller leaves, and clofer fee together,each of them being dented about the edges, the flow¬ er. at thetoppes of the branches, are of a pale yellowilh greene colour which turne into fmali feede like unto Patfley but ta- ftmg Ike Cummin or Candy Daukefeede.and the Citron rinde. athcr fomewhat hotter then they all, the roote confifteth of a number of flender writhed browne fibres, wrapped among thcmlelves,and fattened Qrongly in themudde. “ 4. Siam minimum t/olimetangere diclam five Impatient NalhtrtijfyhifirUfil'O. „ „ fhc Quicke or Impatient Crcffe. This fmali plant fpreadeth at the firft up0 „ the ground many fmali winged leaves not much above an inch long, which fo a- bide from Autumne that it fpringeth up all the Winter, and in the Spring growing fomewhat bigger, hath the leaves a little radented about the edges, the end lcafe for the mod part being the biggeft,and then riling up with a flender ftalke.hath fundry branches from the middle thereof to the toppe, at whofeends grow many very fmaH white flowers with flender long poin¬ ted cods after them, and fmali yellowilh feede within them, When they are ripe, but fo hard to be gathered, and impatient to bee t ouched, that the pod breaketh it felfeuponthe lead touch of hand or any thing elfe,a„d the feed flyeth out prefent- Jy.irhith little or no tafle of heate in if. Mr. Gcorec Sorties. A Gentleman of excellent knowledge in Herbariline, gave me The jilterm Dm, ChaP.21 . 7 hentrum Botanicum. Tribe 14. The Place tndTime. r , The firft as it is thought groweth not with us unlefle the fecond which is very like it groweth in A ent to div ?? ^ i^ ev ^f c in our owne Land. They all doe flower in Lob el faith bur hath beene found in our Land alto. 1 he laliUKewuc mum uv% the end of Su.nmer,and feedc before the end or Augup . The Naotes. Tr k railed ctjf inGreeke focalled wrdsir, accnmi'xh quia tjaatitur mfcAj perfetm f«cc»nturprater 'xcn.i'r.di, dSum : It is a!fo called wnra Dit f corM o{ \ Utt h,oU« 7Mi* and Lug. ■B,uh,w, Smmmajm s,« m majm AvgaflifcUum. It is the S turn edoramm oiTMiumA Ce/«^» Writ : Fuchf.m called it Si) trimum genus quod & Uver, and fetteth the figsre of df«» tbinke,Water Parfneppe. 7*,***,. _ . u ^ . , _. . rr^K/ and others, from their Countries erronious appellations of thisplant.tookeitto bethe ^ crM ,or Apiumpaluftre, and therefore attribute all the properties thereof unto this plan ,noth« have Other of our Madeline Wricers left in record, any other particular knowne quality'Ini it, “> d - ftcth and Galen have left us of it,which fay it is of fo much more heating facult y as,> r r " eet ' 1 ’ ies andthe de d and provoketh urine and womens courfes, and breaketh and expelleth both the Hone in the kidneies.and birth. C H AP• X XI. Sruca aquaticA. Water Rocket. JHis little herbe which is fomewhat like the former ImpatientCrefTe, lyeth or rather creepeth on the ground, with long bran- 1 cbes offmall winged leaves,fomewhat like thereto,but not fo much dented on the ed¬ ges,having but two or three dents for the mod part, and ydlowifh flowers at their toppes, and (lender pods fol¬ lowing them. The P/a ce and Time. It groweth oftentimes neere ditches and water cour¬ fes, and often alfo further from them. The Names. It hath no other name then Is in the title, for any thing I know, not finding it mentioned by any other Au- thour. The Vertttes. Wee have not heard or found for what gtiefe this is conduciMe. Er«e» aeiuatiit- Water Rocket! Ch AP T R I BE 14. The Theater of Tlants. Chap.22. 124.5 1 . Mentha aquat tea rubra. Red Watcx Minre*. C H A > » XXII. Menthaaquatica, Water Mintes. fAving (hewed you all the forts of fvvecce Mimes,that grow in the dryer or Vpland grounds, there 9 remainc yet two other forts, that grow inMarfhes, and wet places, which fliall bee fhew- • edhere. I. Mentha aquatica rubra. The Red Water Mint. 1 his Water Mint nfeth up from a creeping roote, running or fpreading in the Muddy or wate- , ry places, with many browniihfquareftalkes, branched almoft horn every ioynt, with a couple ofiomewhat broad, yet pointed and dented leaves, many times browmfh or reddifh.and efa (Irong ient: thelinaU Hoovers that are purpliih.ftand at the toppes of the (hikes and branches, in loofe round tufts one above another, a. ALentha aquaticajivepa/ujlrjs minor. The lefl'er Water Mint. This Other Water Mint (liooteth forth a fquare reddift, hairy (talke.and fometime a little'hoary.about a foote high w hereabouts are fet fofc hairy round and fomewhat long leaveb t wo alwaies at a joynt,dented about the ed°es of a darke greene colour on the upperfide, and frayifh or hoary underneath: from the joynts with the leaves come forth long branched (falkes with purplifii flowers at the coppes of them,Handing in round heads: the whole herbe is of a Itrong fenc. The TUcc and Time . They both gr ->w by ditches and water fides, in thepla- fhy grounds, where they joy beft, aud flower late in the Summer. The Names. TheGreeke name safest, which Diofcoridet menci- creth.and many doe call this by, doth morepropeily be¬ long to the wild Minte Mentaftrum, then unto this how tvcr Libel and others call it Sifymbria tMentha, for Dior, corides hath but one Sifymbrium, that is fweete and like Mintes, and that he faith gtoweth in wafte grounds, the other Sifymbrium called Siam, and Car dam ine, and like T^afiuniam, as he faith gtoweth in watery places & ] have (hewed before, fo that as I (aid his Sifymbria Mentha, is no watery or Marfli plant: it hath beene and yet is beyond Sealeaded by fome Apothecaries, Balfamina, as Traem faith and by others’SaZ/imiM as Sifter ,n horto Ejfietenft faith, n'r cc ° nd a ffp m divers the like places With US;for Lobclhkh, Doclor Ptmy (hewed it unto him. The third I have gathered in the d rrVw-c ««t+i<- ^hAiri _tr. «. . 1 c . , -nnuH3J1U1 uiui, ju»uLiorrrw»7ineweait tintonim. The third .have gathered in the dutches, on the left hind of the Highway from Ha!lowij[ 0 Ht?hmc The lift hath no ceitnne place named where it grew. ' “ ' * , TheNamt:. and L.ld\: r r bar r il>es , d .°« cal ‘ it P^g" *l»*tka, FifluU paftorx ef Barb a Silva.*, although Trafre and £*M,and divers others found it little to agree to, or referable any Plantane, C orim on Diofimcks alfuredly Ooooo meant 'Tbeatrnm Botantcum, 12 46 Ch a F.%5 T R I B * 14. meant this by his Potamogeto; 1, although Baubirtut doubteth whether he meant not Diojcorides AH/maorDamafo- men which is more likely to be Hellebohne. Anguillan! tooke itto be Limomum, as Tauhinut quoreth it, and Ma¬ tter Iohnjon in his C/erard from him, commenting thereon very ferioufly both on the foure Greeke names given to Limomum, in Diofcoridts his text, and the feverall parts of the delcription of this Plantane, concluded this to be his Limomum and no other, being (o anfwerable thereto in all parts as he faith: but (lay a little, mee thinkes he triumphcth afore the vi&ory.and cannot (o cleanely carry away the matter, but that there fcemcth fome blockes in the way to (tumble at: and therefore he mud give us leave to fcan Diofcorides his defcription thereof, a little more thoroughly: for firlthee faith Limomum groweth irKipuii inpratit riguU vel palufiribw (and therefore Theophraflu.< Lb.7. c. 7. calleth a kinde of Anemone Leimonia, which Gar.a tranflateth Fremijgentu Limoni urn dill urn, and by Clufius his judgement is the Anemonefjlvefiris, taken from the moift fieldes wherein it groweth) but he doth not lay in aquojis, where ufually this groweth,and I thinke Matter lohnfen never faw it, but in ponds or dit¬ ches of water,which were never dry : then he (aith his Limomum hath longer and thinner leaves then Beetes.but this Plantaine hath not fo,and lattly he faith it beareth red feede,which Matter Iohnfim fnould have found herein, if ic had beene the right Limomum, but f e wifely concealed it, as making mod againd his opinion. Many plants may have fome refemblance in forme or name, &c. yet fade in fome one particular, which quite altered) the whoie cafe,as is fhewed in many places of this Worke,and efpccially in the Faba lAEgyptia Diofcoridb, ef Then, phrafii, taken to be the r/Lgyptitn Calc at, and in Lobels opinion of Tripo/ium to be the Amelltu VirgdiypuA fo of di¬ vers others. And for the other Sreekc names,A'«nWw is a terme that may be given to any other herbe, whofe leaves are full of tibbes or nerves, Potamogeton & Louchitit are leverall other herbes, mentioned in Dio/corides, and cannot be applyed to this, befides the mod j'udicious Tranflators and Commentors on Diofcoridesfiante j'udgcd that multiplicity of names added to the text, tobenoneofD/c/«n'<(er his Worke, but thruft in upon it by (ome other Authour.who might be as barbarous as the names. I leave the red to the j'udicious cenfure of the expert: lobel alfo, and Lugdunenfis from him taketh this Plantane to be Alifmaof Diofcondct, and faith it doth better a- g ee thereto then either TUfolium or Saponaria,ot Cakeolut Mari/c, or Tiflorte, or Limomum, which Matter hhnfon thought he had forgotten or Mattbiolut his Alifma. The fecond is called by Lobel Plant ago aquatiea bumilio an- gufiifolia, and Tlantago aquation minor by CefalpbiM inATabermontamu. The third is by AoWalfo called Plan, “taro aquatiea minor alter 3nd de ™ ed about the edges, fee on long fppteftalkes which rile ii “cWa. *bi°e^neS h*£orfibrcsafeachof^hem^ 0 * ‘ ^ r °° tegr ° Wahfam£wllJt,0 "S fu "wSfc oi The Former of rh,/* ™» l «* “^ticn minorpricr. The former fmall Water Caltroppe. 3S@SS5SS£tesig5 joyned together.contaming a fmall white kcrnell within them P P polnred S r,1IK£ ° 0000 * t&uSi 124S Chap/26. Theatrum \Botanicam% Tribe 14 . 1 . Tniulmaquatitm major. The greacer WaterCaliroppe. chatelli Cordi : the fruite or head that fuccedcth, grow- cthtobefixe fquarc : therooteis not much nnlike the former. The Place ana Time. I cannot heare as yet that the firft is found in any coun¬ try of this Lind, as the two others are : hut in fundry Lakes in Germany, as alfo in Brabant, and in many places in/rafy.and neere the Sea alfo, isCMatthiolw faith, but flower there and give their fruite in Summer. The Names. It is called in Greeke vpl.Jox©- W>@-, and TrMut acmatkiu in Latine, Anguillan rakech the firft to be Bute. mosDamocratit, all other Authourscall it Tnbulwt aejua- tiew or Lacnjl’it as Cordw doth,and the Apothecaries of Venice and other parts beyond Sea Tribute marinut, and the nuts Caflttr.ee aqttatiles. The other two forts are cal¬ led by Clufl'M Tribal us aquation minor and diftinguifhed by him, and by Bauhinm refened ro the Petamegeton, calling them Petamoeetor folijt criflit five LaPlucarana. rZSci yet his next fort, is verily the former of thefe -wo forts,as by comparing his words may be feene. Label cailethit Foutilapatbumpufillum, and Tragm makethit his fecond Alga. Mailer Finch,a. London Merchant travel - iino in the Mogolt Country, in the Eaft Indies, law the greater fort growing like a weede, abounding in molt ?ankcs or ponds there, whole fruite hee tooketobethc HermedaPlilekM was much therein deceived .-tbekernell of the nut as he faith is much eaten by the Natives and o- thers, called Siugarra by them, himfelfe finding them very cold in his flomacke,thathc atwayes after the eating of them defired fomc aAq** vit£ to watme it againe. 1 ou fhall find this relation and that of the F* b* zs£gyptitic Venues. The leaves are cooling and reprclTc inflammations being made into a pultis and applycd : the Juice mixed with hony healcththcCankers.andloresofthetriouthandthroate.andtherankeneffeof the gutemes being gargled,; Fhnj faith that the Thracians that inhabit about the river Strimon,io fatten their horfes with the leav es and make bread of c .enut kernels toieedc thcmielvcs which doth binde the belly. C H A ». XXVII. ii Stritiotes five Militaris Aie-eides. Water Souldier. He Water Souldier bath divers and (undry long narrow leaves (birpe pointed fer ciofe together fomewhat like unto the leaves of Aloes tor the forme, .but much lefl'c and (harpely toothed about the edgeslike iralfo, from among which rife up (hort (hikes not much higher then the leaves, and fometimes lower,bearing one greene threeforked head onelyat the toppe much like unto a LobAers claw, which is the huske, out of which commeth a white flower, confiding of tin ee leaves with dtversyeflowifh hairy threds in the middle: under thele leaves there is a uuall fl 10 rt head,broadpfl: next unto the leaves and fmalleft dovvnewards, from whence doe proceede fundty long flripps, nke fmall yvormes (wherewith as 'Dodonhits faith, tome crafty men and women leeches putting them into glades with water to make them (hew tbi grcater.make others bcleeve that they are wormes which came otic of their bodies, to whom they have given medicines for that purpoie ) which take roote inthe mitdde unde r the Wa¬ ter. 2 . Str at totes Aquatic A verA Diofccridu eyfEgjftiAcA, _ ^ The true Water Houfeleeke of Egypt. This Water Houfclcckc hath divers large and broad chrcke, hard and hairy whitifli greene leaves Ivina on the water,m three or fourerowcs,rGundcompafled together.likeuntothofeof the great tree Houieleekc,butgre.iccr the ourcrmoll row of them being broadeft.and the inner fmaller and fmaller. Alarms fhewith them to be pointed’, U^O Ch AP. z8. 'Theatrum ' Bot anicum . Tribe 14. 'Vumiata or Fclufmm. T h'Nam'S. , , called by A/«^ UuoTibm, Alpitim faith that the Egyp- it Lent tenia palsrftrts eAiyyptiaca five "‘’""'J mU chwfayas Scdumaquaticnm. It is probable that Theophra- call it With them Hayhalemel thereof in the end of the ninth Chapter of his fourth ft«s meant this plant,whereunto he giveth no name.ipeaKing tnercor i Booke,growing in ponds like a Lilly with many leaves of a grecne colour, ficc. , , r jj • „ aOri»oent withall.but Ga/cvfaith itiscold andmoift, and ashc Each of tlefe are very cooling and kidneys,,fit be taken indrinke. Limy addeth and r D tofeortdes fay ftayeth the fluxe ofblo ■ w ounds and caufeth that they be not enflamed : it thereunto fome Ohbanum, ,t ‘‘kew ^‘ W fi e ' 1 3 ? weUl „ gs in other parts, it healeth alfo all wounds ^ WOUnd > inbrnifiB S the lMVeS >nd IayinSthCD1 thercon.which wonderfully healerh them, Cam XXVIII. Water Gladioli. GUd'olm Lotftris Cluftjftve Lcucoium puluftre fiore ftburtilcoBauk mis plant that was fent to Chfut from Crotuirg by a worthy Apothecary there called ‘Z>«,found I' S.. GM-thu Uttatu i ..tt/ncr OvInWinll by him in a great pond or Lake of water where noo- thcr herbe did grow .befides in the Country of Drcnti *, neereuntoa fmall village called Norcke and Wcftervelde, is fet downe by him with this dcfcripcion, The leaves doc feldome cxceede the length of nine in¬ ches, being thicke and hollow fevered with a particion like the cods of Stocke- Gilloflowers, or the like, but greene and iwtetc in tafle.being an acceptable food for the Duckes that dive to the bor.omc cf the warer to feede on it, which is di* vers tiles depth un cr the water: yet the (blkcthac l'pringcth from among thofc leave* is feene to rife above the water, furniihed with whire flowers, larger then rhofe of StockgiUoflowers, the hol¬ low and lowed part, which is next to thcdalke, being of a blewifh colour, lomewhat refembling the forme of a Gladiolus) or Corne flaege, but yet not much like it.confiding of five leaves, the two uppermod whereof doe turne backe- ward tothtdalke, the other thtte which are the larger hang downe •• unto thefe flowers fucceede round heads or feede vcfiels broad below and pointed at the end full of ied feede. This was obferved in flower in theend of July. The Place y Time and Names 1 Are related in the foregoing title and dcic ription, as much ^ can be faid of it, [ubearuleo Bauhiai Water Gladioli. T RIB I 14. The Theater of Tlantf. C h a f. 29. 12 5 i for although Cluptu would not alter the name thereof, whereby it was fent, that others might know with what ~ title it came to him. Yet Bauhimt thinking it better to agree in leafe and (lower unto the Ltttcowm , rather chofe to call it Leucomm paluflre fiort fubcaruleo, but I dare not herein tollow him, for it hath as little correfpondence with the Stocke Gillofiower, as with the Cjladiolut or Come F lagge,neither leafe nor flower being like a Srocke gtlloflower.but in that the leaves are made like the double huske or leede veffell of Leucoium, wftich maketh litt e relemblance of a plant,butthe flowers doe more anfwer to the forme of the flower of GUdwl Mfln d theiefore I fo entitle it. And for the Vertues there is none knowneor made to appeare,that the neighbouring people make any u .e of it in medicine,or any other wayes more then is before faid, for the Duckcsto feede on. Chap. XXIX. Nymphea, The Water Lilly. Here are divers forts of Water Lillycsboth great and fmall.faoth white and yellow,as dial be (lie wed 1 . Nymphaa alba mayor valgarit. The great common whire Water Lilly. This Water Lilly hath very large, very round and thteke darke greene leaves Wing upon the wate- (likeunto thofe of Faba t/Egyptia as Diofcoridcs faith, and that very trucly as I have (hewed before in the Chapter of Arum) (uftained by long and thicke footeftalkes that rife t, om a great thickc round and long tuberous blacke roote.fpongy or loofe and with many knobs thereon like eyes and whitifli within from the midftwhereofrile other the like thickeand great dalkes, fufleinmg one large white flower thereon greene on the outfide but exceeding white on the inlide, as pure fnow confiding of divers rowes of long and fomewhat thicke and narrow Icaves.fmaller and thinner,the more inward they be, encompafling a head within, with many yellow threds or thrummes in the middle, where after they are pad (land round Poppy like heads full of broad oily and bitter feede. ' 2 . Nymph** alba mayor ^gyptiaca five Lotus vEgyptia. The great white Water Lilly offerer This other great white Water Lilly,that is cntituledof Egypt, fendethup out of the Water divers faire broad leaves like the former,but fomewhat lcffer.and more waved about the edges,and with more veines in them ly¬ ing on the fuperficies of the water.as they doe upon fevctall footgdalkes alfo : the flowers a'fo are faire large and double, that is of many rowes of leaves in the like manner, inclofcd in a huske, confiding of foure leaves’ greene on the outfide,aud white within, the middle leaves of the flowers are often upon the hrd opening fome¬ what foulded inwards at the ends,but growing elder grow draight forth, all of them being white in themiddle part,and yellowidi towards the brims of a fweetc fent like a Violet, in the midd of whom when they beginne to 1. Hymphaa alia major valgarh. i. Nympbta alia major altera flic Lota, Enttla The greater common while Water Lilly. The great white Water Lilly of Egypt. ' 1 Tbeatrnm ‘Botanicum , 12^2 C« A F.2p. ^. Kjmphxa a ha minor* The Imall water Lilly. Trib * 14 . 4 . Hynfhtea alba minima five MOrftu rax*. Thcfmxll white Water Lilly called Frcggc bir. 6. Nymph/a latex rnin'r The kfler yellow water Lilly. Tribe 14. The Theater 0/ Plants. Chap,29. 1251 decay rifeth up a (mall head,which growing greater becomraeth fhe fcede veflell,noc much unlike unto the other as bigge as a good Medlar,parted on the infidc into cels long wife, containing round feede like unto thofe of CoIe*» worts, the rootc is not tuberous as the former,but fmall round and almoft peere fafhion, of the bignefle o( an hens Egge,blackc on the outfidc and yellowifli within,with many fmall fibres thereat, the inner fubftance being flefhy firme and hard, fomewhat fweete and binding withal 1,which when it is boy led, or rotted under. Embers, becom- meth as yellow as the yolkeof an egge,which the Egyptians familiarly cate with broth or withour,ra w alfo often- 3 times, as well as roafted^his lofeth both leaves and ftalkcs after leede time,elpecially upon the decay ofthewa-. ter wherein it joyed,the roote abiding in the ground,which thereupon was called annualfbuc I would rather call it reftible. 3. Nymph&a alba minor t The leffer white Water Lilly. T his letter Water Lilly differeth nor from the former, but in the fmallncfle both of roore and leafe, and in the fingleneffe of the flower,which confilleth but of five fmall and pointed leaves,fpread open and laid abroad^ with yellow thredsin the middle, and fmall heads with fmall feede in them. 4. Nymph£aalba minima qn£ & CMorJtu ranavocatnr . Small white Watet Lilly,called by many Frogge bit. The rootc of Frogge bit is long and creeping, let full of joynts, fending downe from thence long fibres, and whereat fpring divers fmall round leaves very like the Iaft fmall water Lilly, but much fmaller^rom which rife alfo other ftalkes,bearing on each head one fmall white flower,made of three fmall and round pointed leaves with fome yellow threds in the middle: the heads and feede are fmall. This is in all the parts neercr refembling che Iaft white Water Lilly ,then any pond weede, whereof fome have made it a Jpecies , and therefore I have placed it with them. 5. Nymph£aluteamajor. The great yellow Warcr Lilly. This greater yellow fort groweth much like the great whire, with leaves almoft as large as they, but fome- what longer,and (landing on cornered ftalkes,the (lowers alio that (land on the toppesof thecreftcd (hikes,arc not (o thicke of leaves as the white (although Lngdttnenfs doth Co deferibe it,and giveth a figure anf werable) in any that ever I faw,but made of five large round (hining yellow leaves, with a round greene head in the middle, compalled with yellow threds, which head when it is ripe,containeth within it greater feede then thofe of the white, and more {Lining ; the rootc is great and very like unto the former, yet not blackiih, but fomewhat whi* ti(L on the outfide as well as within j each of them being fomewhat fweete in tafte,and this more foofe or lponov then it. 1 b/ 6. Nymphxa minor Itttea. The fmaller yellow Water Lilly. The leaves hereof are round, but larger then thofe of the leffer white fort,and fo are the flowers larger alfo, but yellow: the roote hath many firings fattened to a bigge head,and tafteth hotter then the other. 7> Nymphxa lutea ftoreminore, Small yellow Water Lilly with leffer flowers. There is no other difference betweene this and the laft,but in the fmallncfle both of leaves and flowers,the roote groweth with long (fringes ftrongly fattened into the mudde, The Place and Time. All thefe forts except the fecond are found growing with us in fundry places of the Land, fome in great pooles and handing waters,and fometimes in flow running Rivers,other in leffer ditches of water, as the Frogge bit in many ditches about London ell as in the ditches on the Banckes fide, in Saint Georges fieldes. They flower molt commonly before the end of Maj 3 or foone afrer,and their feede is ripe in esfugujl. The Names . v[A$aid.jn Greekc, and Nymphaain Latine, cjuodlocaacjuofa amet, be thechiefe appellations ofthefe plants with their fcverall adjundls, oCalba and Itttea ,white and yellow, andcalled Nenuphar in che Apothecaries (hops yet hath it alfo divers other names by divers Authours: A pule us calling it CATater Hercttlanx Algapalufly^ p a l paver palufire Clav m Veneris and Digitus Veneris ,and Marccllm an old Writer, faith it was* called Clava Her- and Baditin in French, but the French at this time call it Blatte deaue , and LU deft arc, the ^Arabians Nila~ jar and A in far, the Italians Nmfea, the Spaniards Efcttdettes delrio and Higos d.lrio, the Germanes Seeblumen and rajer Dutch Plonye*, an d we Water Lilly. There hath heene great comraveriies among the’ learned Herbarifts,whether this Njmph £ a be not the Lotus tsFgyptia of Diofcorides and Theophraftus, becaule the aelcnptionofthe one fo neerely refembleth the other, which made Clujiue confident, upon ssHpimubb AI lega¬ tions,in his Booke ck pUrni,^E S y pt i no determine them both one, when as there is Ihewed two maine d.'ff rei - CCS in them.be,ides that D tofcoridcs AcUnbcth them both in two feverall Chapters, the one in the roote, that the iMw rootc was callea and was round of thebignefieof a Quince, which was ufed tobecaten, either boiled or rofled under the hre, which the roote of Njmphxa failetn in, (this is mold probable to bee the Lome And then againe inthefeede, which as Dwfcoriats (heweth, is flat in thehead o ; the and like M,lwm,thn is round in the Lotm ■. but the leaves and flowers in both being fo like, the oth< r eing hid under the water,caufed Alpmiu , as he faith himfelfe to rake no further knowledge or marke any di£K = ence in them then of a Njmpb&a, (and I am halfe perfwaded the like negleft hath happened to the Paha tyfoyp- at’ Wyu n ° C y " ln , thc ^ aters , of £ W f > becaufe the leaves thereof alfo are round likcthe Z.«i>or Nympkea) but now in his Booke of Sxoucki plants,he changeih his note, and (heweth there that this is the true a n a t’u pans cl ;" eof F ar£icullrl y deciphered. All thefe fotts of Water Liilyes.are fo called' bj all Writers a.mofl as I doe, and therefore neede no further explanation or amplification " But hereby all men ma y take a good caveat not to he too forward, either to condemne the Text of che ancienrs'as judging i t er . romous.orto be too confident of their owne judgement,without well confidering all parts: For the likehcre- he| C r? n h r a | P r ne f UI f° thef or m, narrow. 3 s.mtc. 5. Fontallsferrato longfolio. Dented Pondeweede. The roote of this is joynted and creepeth like the former, bringing very long and narrow leaves at the joynts ol the ftalkes, and dented about the edges without any order on both (ides, and beareth at the toppes fuch life lpiked tufts of flowers and lpede after them as the others doe. 4. potamogeton gramincum ramofum. Graffclike Pondweede. The flalke hereof is a foote high or more, being very (lender round and whitifh, pmedinto fundry branches with many final! grafliy round darke greene leaves not fet togethc r.but by fpaces a good way in funder, which’ end in other leaves, that are almott as fmall as haires, yet notwithftanding from the wing of the firft leak com- meth forth a (hike with the like leaves at the end, and thereat a fmall footeftalke three inches long, fuftaininp certaine fmall flowers,difperfed]y fet in a (pike and not in a clutter,and fmall rough graines fuccceding them. E 5. PotamogetonminimumcapiUaceofolio , Small fine Pond weedc. This fine leafed Pondweede hath a very fine (lender ttalke,with fmalllong pale greene and haire-like leaves 1 fet thereon without order,at the toppe whereof fpring forth oneot two fmall footeflalkes, which fuftaineth a very fmill and pointed head,like unto the preudem,{ollowed by very fmall pale coloured (lowers, whereof one is laid open,and another is inclofcd in a skinny huske,ending in a point. 6 . Potamogeton capillaceum capitu/i; ad alas trifidls. Triple headed Pondweede. This Pondweede hath a flalke an handbredch long.no thicker then an haire, yet joynted and branched and two fmalllong leaves at every joynt which are fmaller then any haire,and thereat likewifeftand very fmall pale colo¬ red flowers,which growing clofe.do forme a knot or head, which being ripe appeareth as made of three fcmicir- cularreddifli parts ending in a fliarpe point.yet from the bofome of the former leaves,rifeth a fmall footeftaik di¬ vided into three or more fmall leaves,the like knot or head being fit in the middle, for at the top there is no head stall. The Place 2nd Time. The two firft fort; are to be feene in many places ofthe Land.no Country almott being without the one or the other, the third is more rare,and feene but in very few places with' u's,the three laft arc ftrangers and doe all fhew their flowers in the end olAugufi.or fcldomc fooner. The Names, It is called in Greeke Tnmpoydmv^uafi fluminibus vicina, and fpicata Fontesli,. The two firfl are veil nerally called by all Writers Potamogcton,2nd by Libel Font alii &~jpicata, who it is very likely intended this hrft fort,and not a different kinde from it.although his figure have more pointed leaves, for the veinesgoelongwife as in the former, which doe not in any other fort, although it doth exprefTc many fmall round heads ona lone ttalke, and faith the flowers are white,and the feede like Aphaca,2nd that his firft fort is another Jpecies ofthe lon- gi folia,it nm the fame, for we have feene fome variety hereof in the Ponds and Waters of our owne Land. The third is called Oxylapatbum aquaticum by Lugdunenjis , and by Cjefner inhortis, Lapathigenus fylvefirc. The three laft are mentioned onely by Bauhinut, by the fame titles thtfy here hold.The Italians call it Potamogeto. The French FJfi dean. The Germane: Sam brant. The Dutch Feunttmcruit.And we in Englijh Pondwecd, Water Spike and of fome River wort. t ’ The Vertues. Pondweed is cooling and drying as Galen faith, like unto Knorgraffe, but of a thicker efience: the decoflion of the leaves in wine.ftayeth the Laske, and griping paines of the belly, andbeingbatbed, is good to helpe itches*! old ulcers,and corroding cankersand fores,the leavesapplyedalTwageth inflammations, and Saint Anthonies fire the freckles and heate in the face: if the leaves be boiled with oyle and vinegar, and applyed to the place pained with the hot Gout,it doth give prefent eafe : it is profitably alfo applyed with honey and vinegar to helpe thole that have foulc fores in their leggcs.thc roote helpeth to diffolve knots and kernels. T Chap. XXX I. MiUfolium aquaticum, W atcr Y arrow. |Here be fundry forts of herbes that for their fine T ennell like leaves, andgrowing inthewaters fo " neerelyrcfembling Yarrow or Fennell,are called Millefolium, 2ndFanienlnmaquatH„„, yetdi’ftc- 1 ringeach from other in fome notable part.all which I meane to comprehend in one Chapter. 1. Millefolium aquaticum vulgatiuo. Ordinary water Yarrow. This Water Yarrow which groweth molt plentifully with us about London, rifeth up with a round flraight ttalke,having divers long winged leaves at the bottome of it, cut and divided into many fine fmall leaves fet on both Gdesofthe middle nbbe, likeuntothe land Yarrow, butmuch tendererandwithasfineleavcsal- moft as Fennell it felfe, at the ftalkes likewife grow fuch fine leaves Hp to the toppe, where (land on branches large tufts of fmall white flowers fet clofe together, the roote is fomewhat long white and Gender with divers fibresatit. 2. Millefolium Coriandrifolium. Broad leafed water Yarrow; The lower leaves of this Y arrow are fomewhat like in tho forme and divifions of them unto the lower leaves of XT' Theatrum 'Botanicum CHAF.31. 1. Millefolium aquaticumvulgatiiu. Ordinary VVacer Y arrow. 4. M He folium aquaticuut foridum (ivt Vnh aquatica. Water Gilloflowa*. T r 1 b e 14J 3. OdiHtfiliam oqu aticum minut. Small water Yarrow. 5 .Millefolium acjuaticua Ranunculifnt (fcapitub, Crowfoote Millfojlc. T R f B £ 14 7 be Theater of 'Plants. Ch»p, 21, 1257 of C oranders.bur much fmallerand of a frelh yellowifh g'eenc colour,bucthofe that "row from [hence upwards on the ftalkes,are fmaller and more finely cut in like unco Fennel],bearing umbels or cults of yellowifh flowers, 3. Millefolium o.cjHAttcumminus. Small Water Yarrow, This (mall Yarrow fpreadeth many long roundgreenc ftalkes fuliof joynts, and thereat fundry fine fmall fi 'res, which take hold of the ground as it cieepech: the upper part of the ftalkc thatrifcch above the water,hath for Lobel in calling it Millefolium aquaticum altcrum Coriandrifohum, doth rather referre it to the upper fine leaves then the lower of Coriander. The third is called by Myriophyllum aquaticum mint*. The fourth is the Viola aquatilis of DodonamAh^, UWjriophyUum alter*™ of \JMa‘ttbiolw and Lvgdunenfr and R I BE 14 . The Theater of Hants. CHAr.32, 1259 and the Myriophjllox equifetifolinn* 'faviatile of Lobe l, The fifth i$ called by Lobel (JH'UUefolium maratriphytton florc femirte Ranunculi aqnatici ■Hepaticto be entreated of there. 1, Alfine aquatica major. The greater water Chickweede. This greater Chickeweede hath a creeping roore, {hooting out fibres in divers places, from whence fpring up fundry upright ftalkes, joyntedfrom the botto-me to the toppe, and two fome« what long leaves at every joync.fomewhat like tliofe of Pelletory of the W alljand at the toppe di¬ vers white flowers like Chickeweede,having many fmall and pointed leaves in each flower. 3. Alfine aquatica media. The mcane Water Chickweede. The meane Chickweede hath from a fibrous roote fundry. ftalkes rifing up to a yards height full of branches and fmall long leaves on them, of a pale greenc co!our,the flowers arc many, fmall and white, made of five leaves z pccce {landing at the toppe of every-branch. «?• Alfne aquatic a minima The leaft water Chickweede. 1 his It Her Chickweede hath a number of fmall tender branched ftalkes, and fmall leaves growing on them, thicker fee then in the former, but lying for the moft part,on or necrc the ground or in the water where it grow* *. A'fire aquatics five pabftru major, ■ The greater witer or Mar(h Ch/ckeweede,’ Alfine aqaatica minima. The leaft water Chickcyvcedc. . i'V* 1 1260 Chap. 33 * Tbeatnm Botanicum . T r 1 b * 14 1 4 . Alfint aquatuafolio o6/o»g« ft Ttrtulaea aquanca. Watec Purfl ane. fi Alfiat pAkiftfkvnxor SerpiBifolia, Small Marlh Chickvfccdc. Alfine refla flute caruleo. Vpright blew Cbickwccdc. eth, the flowers ire fmiller and white, and the toote a tuft of many fibres. 4. Alflne aquatic* minor folto oblongo five PortuUca aquatic 4, Water Purflatic. This fmill Chickweed or Purflane.groweth like the lad Chick weed,with many trailing branches,that take rootc as they fpread, but not (o thicke let with leaves, which arc fomewhat long narrow and round pointed, of a pale greene colour, two alwayes growing at a joynt, the flowers are (mall and white, fet in long clufters together, . , „ . - , on fmall footeflalkcs, with very fmall feede following them, the roottsare nothing but fmall th.eds, 5. AlfiM taluftru minor Scrpillifolia. Small MarihChickweede. From a fmall fibrous roote fpringeth up fundiy (lender ftalkcs and branches, rooting agame: « tbcylyc,_and fpreading,with very fmall leaves thereon by couples,letter then thofe.of Maher of Time . afur the fmall white flowers are paft,fuccecde fmall flat pouches,one on each fide of the flalke, with fmall ieede therein. 6 . Aljine retta(lore ctrnlco. Vpright blewChlckewcede. This Chickwecde rifeth up for the mod part with divers upright ftalkei, joynted in fundry places, and fivers fmall leaves growing thereon at thefcvei ill joynts, fomewhat divided like u«o the leaves of Rue, or lome- what refembling a Tretoile leafe , at the toppcs.as alfo at the joynts come forth fmall blew flowers, confiding of foure leaves apcece, after which come (mail round Chickeweede like heads with feede, the roote is white and long, with forne fibres thereat. The PUce and Time , _ All theft fo.-ts grow in or neere Waters, and are found in fundry places of the Land, flowring in theheateof Sommer The Names. TabermmttmM and gened from him make mention of mod of thefe forts. The f ourth him bv the name of Portnlaca aqnatica, yet calleth it A Iftnc ta/ufl ru minor folio i blunge. The fifthbe allocallctn as it is in the title. The lafl wale called by Trague Henilekr author. well knowing what tirle to give it,having the leaves divided fomewhat like to ones hand, and that made Thaltus alfo to call it r P*Zli!i° botmon earn coftore, Ltadttner.Cn faith that fome in thole parts called it Elatine triphyVos. Tabcjmtmttnvn called It A/fine retta, andlo doth Gerard alfo,but Banhinm AlfinetnfhjUosnnle*. Toe Vertues . The properties of thefe Chickweedes.are no doubt like unto the other Chicke wcedea, their place of growing forme and tafie being infipide,watery and cold,declaring the lame, and therefore whalloover may be fai1 r thefe is to bee found among the other, and therefore to avoid repetitions, Irefcrteyon to the reft Ipcktn or oeiore, where you may be abundantly fatisfied. Chav. XXXIII. Aha Aqiiatilii <£■ Cmferva, Frefh Water Extte (fences. Here are an infinite number as I may fo fay, ofSea Hxcr c lTencet, called by fundry names as you fhall further underftand when I come to fpcake of them, Which I would feparate from thole that grow ’ , Tjjgg the frefh waters,and entreate of thefe in this Chapter, which although few, have yet itveraU utlt. "i whereby to be cal led. • •- 1 i. Alga five Confervnfontalu trichedei. Water Maidcnhaire. The water Maidenhaire groweth upon the ftones in the bottom* of lptings,laftening it (tile thereto,an^rom tnence (hootetn forth funlry fine grcene [lalkes with many fine threds on them, ofacubits lencth fometime,. growing Icnoothout at length,and fometimes fouldcd one within another, without any other leaves upon them which when they are dry turne to be fomewhat browne,and are of little or no cade at all. 2. aaflga aquatiliiCapillacea five Conferva flini/, alys Limtm aquatic nm. The threddy or hairy Watifr weede. This Water weede groweth from the medde in the bottomepf lakes and other (landing waters, and fometimes m how running Rivers, which is wholly compofed ofanumberof greene brownifh threds or haires ioyned to¬ gether, noting thereon, pamng and waving to and fro all the length thereof, as the current of the Itreame run¬ neth, or the windedriveth them,and are fometimes a yard long or&ore. 3 • Filumnigrum Sotic urnfive Germamcum. The Scottifa or Germane blackellrinny plant. This like wife groweth from fome (mail (lone in the bottome of the cranckes of warer neere'tbe Sea fliore to be ot two cubits in length,being nothing elfe then a number of thcckefirme fmooth.and blackifh lorn? (Tin >, folded one among another,and hath neither roote leafe nor flower. g url "=> s > ,0 *«ea ,. _ 4 - AlgaBemfycina. The Water Cotton plant. f n redW? irenC t ISli,l I Bnt r\ al H ng ™ ch Spread loeke of foftWoollor Cotton, growing dofe together, on the ^ ^ *' Upp#ri5de ‘ ,nd whitidl >’• >"d ‘w.Leth The PUce and Time. d ° C gr ° W !n »-i7*-^ndpo».ds, fame not fame of this City, ,nd others in oT.er places, and are the greater Lake^f^mflr^ne^ "ponthe Waters. L^nenfit fiuh.tat.he fecond wasfoundm # The Names, hefirfl is called by Lugduntnfs Conferva trichodetfltlTtidiomanes aqaatica,md BarMmu vltaatmtalii trkhoi ^il'cd ZTw^bv^he 5 ?/ 6 Cou f erva b V L°be l,Lugdnnenfu and AnguilaraiicfbTC them, and zslJithfiiatthioluf calica Lima by the Florentines. Impcratm called this Lmum aquaticum, as he doth another vm ,1,0,. r ■ T'ST* Baubi.ua cajlcth it Alnybidi, capi/lacco folia. The third Bauhinu, calieth Aha r.igra calitceo felh „ !*. ™ llrtUmHm Germanicum* faying it was fent him oat o iScotlvncf. The I aft he alio faith rhar- he- ha ^ £ * p ' B *'[ ick s SeJ ’? nd gi'-eth it the fame title that I have prefixed before it. I have alfo giien then their h tymologies, as is fitting unto them as I thinke. b 1 tncir hnghjh TheVertttes. p mj hath recorded that he knew one cured incredible quickly,with his Conferva of a fall from a tree whl'e be freflr and " S “L a ' m °/ 1 a11 hlS bones - by havin S tbe berbe bou, ’ d to his w hole body when it wa- ’ nd moiflened with the water thereof, as often as it grew dry,and but ieldome changed Y P PPPP? " ‘ C«a*. iHS-2 Chap. ^ 4 . T heatrum 1 Botanicnm „ Tkib e14, Chat. XXXllII- Imi palnftrii, five Levticula aqaatica. Water Lentills. Here are three or fcureherfces robe referred to thefe Lentils, which are differing one from another, , their place of breeding being their chiefett caufe of afhn ‘ t >'' . This (mall water he^beronfifietlfof rothingbut fmall round greer.e leaves, lying cn the toppe of by diligent fearchers of nature,not without much wonder of the matter. Jen < . y 8 , Lens palnftrii Jive aqttatica quactrifoUa . Crofle leafed water Lentils or Duckes meate. T his Other' Lem hath a Imall long {lender roote fhootirg forth fquare (lender w^kc andtra.lmg ftalkes with (Undryfmall leaves upon feverall long footeftalkes, (landing together at the joyM. diftinftone ^manother, nouofi”,being thicke and hard.i^tfr fetteth forth this k.nde of water plant,by the name of Len.vt* The. ophralli, in a much differing manner. ,, ,, r , r 1 , Lem paltiftri* Utifolia ptinUata. Broad leafed fpotred water Lentils This water Lentill hath (undry round leaves fet by couples on long ft.lkes, of an excellent g'«necoct,ron.he upperfidc, prickt very full of very fine fpots, and under them many fmall Lent.il like ^.^"’^verv fullof fome having but one.others two three or foure at a place, covered wit a roug o gg .^hirhare atuftof fine fmall yellowifh feede t at the bottome of thele winged ftalkes of leaves grow the rootes, which aie a tuft of lone firings and fibers: iris onely of a waterilb tafie. . T .. 4. LenticuUuquaticn bifulia Neapolitan*. Neapolitan^ water Lentils. , . The water Lentils of hath very fine long (lender halites, with leaves ec toget er y coup .,yig long upon the water, having (cede veffels growing hard unto them,foureufual yjoyne oge er. The Place and Time. , - The firft onely of theft is familiar in our land as I take it: the third Tauh.nu, faith,groweth ,n '^ watery dt - ches at Padoa, in the river Atxeri, by Fife,, and in Silefi* n ecre mtoVrattJlav,a t i)ie relt are all flrangeti,andarc in i. Lem palnftrii quadrifolfa. Croffe leafed water Lentils,or Duckei meate. cncb at r «»£/«,in uic 1 iver sinxerji uy ri/«, anu in 1 their frelheft beauty in the beginning of the yeare* i.Lem palnftrii five aquatica vul&a>ii .Duckes meate. Tribe 14. 'TbeTbeater of ‘Plants. C HA P.55. The Thames , 5. Lensya.luftruliiifoL'.atuvEliia & Len'tictila. a^uatica'Neapolltana. It is called inGrecke ©axojoSTrl 7<£?Te\u*T>, Tome take it to bee'V i'ok of Theophralhu : in Latine Lens paluftris , and Lenticula paluflris & aquatic fa and fo do ail Authors call the firft forethe fecond is the Lens paluflris altera of \Matthiolwy and Lemma Thcophrafii by Lugdunenfis- as alfo the Lenticulx alterum genw of Cafalpinus t which Hauhtntft callcth Lenticula paluflris quadrifolia ; the third is called by Bauhinw in bis Pinax , Lens paluflris latifoLa punSlata y being better expreft in his Matthioltu , then in his Phytopinax , and by Cafalpinus taken to bee Stratiotes aquatica Diofcpridii : The laft is mentioned by Column* by the name of Callitriche of Pliny li f 2 yc. 1 i.mervailing at Lobel I or fuppofmg the Cotylidon aquaucum^ as it is er- roniou'fly called (beins a marfh Crowefoote, as the hot. fharpe tafte thereof doth teftifie)tO be fa/litriche of Pliny • but yet faith this of his. is not the right, (iuc taketh that Pliny meant the Trichotnrtnes , by hj^C a Oitriche y which I thinke cannot hold good,neither the one nor the other, for Pliny his words in the place be fore cited arc thcfc. Pit ex Callitriche Jlemitamentum,folia funt Lenticula fimilia y cau- lis jnneia tenuijsitnit, radice, minina nofeitur in opaejs & bit- vtidUgujlatufervens; thus much Pliny : which it is likely made Column* comparing his with this of Pliny % both for forme and quality,not to dare to affirme it the fame, be- caule faith Pliny it is gujlufervens^ which neither his nor Trichomanes is. 2 Li«&/«K* calleth it LcnticnU pafuflfts bifo- lia fru&u tetragono . The Arabians call ic Tab ale b&vid 7 ba¬ tch. the Italians, Lente de palude y znd LenfiSislaria^ the Spa- ntards y Lentille del lagjelpecially in the heads, the laft hath not beene publilhcd by any before. The Vertrses . All thefe forts of unfavoury Cyperus, doe declare that they are as defc&ive in heate and drynefft, as in fent from the fweete kindcs,and therefore f6r any thing I can learne are notulcd for any parpole in Phyficke. Chap. XXXVI. Gramina Cyperoidca, Cyperus like Grades. [Here are fo many forts of tWe Cyperus like Grades that I know not well how to divide them, and therefore muft fet them all together in one Chapter, and fpeake as brief! v of them as I can. 1. Gramen Cyperoides majus latifolium . The greater fort of Cyperus Grade. This greater Cyperus Grade hath fundry large and long leaves like unto thole of Reedes, (Lobel faith like unco thole of Gillofiowers)among which rife up divers three fquare ftalkes, bearing three or foure clofe fpiked brownilh heads thereon one above another: the roote isbrownifla and foulding ft lelfc one within another with many fibres at them. Of this fore there is another, called by Bauhinus , Gramen Cyperoides l a - dltctum . ttfoliumfpicafpadicea viridi majus } whofe rootesare more bulhy and fibrous,and the fpiked heads more greene, ha¬ ving a long narrow leafe under the loweft head. 2. gramen Cyperoides majus anguftifolium. A great fort of Cyperus Grade, with narow leaves. This other differeth little from the laft,but in growing lower, with narrower leaves and fpiked heads, that are thinner and longer, but of the fame brownifh greene colour with it. a. Gramen Cyperoides minus anguftifolium. The Ielfer narrow leafed Cyperws grade. This Idler fort hath narrower leaves and three fquare ftalkes, bearing fmaller and more fpiked long heads, at the toppes, three ufually fet together one a little from the other more ftiffc alfo and upright, the roote hach long (hinges and fibrestherear,lliooting foith like Cyperus. 'v 4. Pfettdccypirwfpica brevi penaula, Baftard Cyperus withdhort-pendttlous heads. This Baftard Cyperus groweth fomewhat like unto the true long Cypep u%haying large and iong gralfic leaves ? 1265 CHAP. 36 . Theatrum c Botanicum. T R 1BE 14* jmeiicjperotJet fa-fife* " 5 Ormn Mfffilelwm. 4.Cw*sfvT/'*m}ta»tfp«l*''t^- C vrou'icitUC.ilu'iGraUc. Ihc Ufiei l^puui Grallc with long ifikrtbulu BsflatdCyrauswiih fi.cn r «.()uloushcadcs. RIBS M- TheTheater of Tlants. 3. Grrmtn Cypcitidespalujtre mnuj, i he lflTcr Warlh Cyperus graffe. Chap. 56. 1 1 . Grapien Cypooidet Danicam glabrum, Tl.e Djnifli Cyperus gra0e. ’ Gramen Cyper ’ij'pfatafufca elegantijfimic p&hlcut 'j B aim ?. The fine browne /piked Cy js gnfle of Bayon. M ! u! h in a manner rhrcc fquare, and fo is the (hike alfo, at the top whereof from among divers leaves come firf* great lpiked tnickc and (horc heads hanging downewards, every one by a (hort footeftalke: the rootes likewife doe fame' whatrefemble the true fwette long Cyperus, but loofer and not fo firmc.fuller alfo of fibres,and not fmclling fweec S- Gramm Cjprroidesfpica pmduU longiore, Anotherforc of Ballard Cyperusgraffe. T is wild Cyperus graffe hath a cornered (Iriped ftalke, a out two cubits high, bearing long and narrow leave* thereon, which compaffe the ftalke at the bottome, with a s ,inne or hollow fheath,and hath feverall long and narrow p nduious heads at the toppe, five or fixe inches long a peece.with along leafeunder each head. 6 ■ Cjramm Cjprroides palufire pamcuU fparfa. Mar(h Cyperus Graffe with Iparfed heads. The leaves of this Cypcfus Graffe are long and feme- What narrow, hard and cutting on bath edges, the ftalke is tall without any leavesthereon upto the toppe, where betweene two long leaves and very narrow, fpread forth dtvers (hort footeftalkes, bearing each foure or five (mall rough heads: the rooce fpreadeth lotnewhat like the true yperus,but harder, fuller ofblackiih fibres and without loiell. 7. C/ramtn Cypcrtlies paluftrtmajHi. The greater Marlh Cyperus Graffe. This greater Marfti Graffe hath fundry long and nar- ; row hard cutting leaves like the lad. and among them di- . vers ta upright naked ftalkes, without any leaves on them at aU, each of them bearing a lonr, round r What large rough prickly head wherein lye the feede.rhe roote is Thiirr c ^-Gramm Cyptraida pduflrc minut. The lefferMarftr Cyperus Graffe ” _ TWs leffer fort is like unto the greater but fmaller.the (hike bearing ftvarpe rough fniked heads f r together one above another on both fides thereof, with a long leafe at the foote of them £fi“ J f ° Ure “ G ’ 9 , Cj rumen 9. Gramen Cyperoides 'Jpicitmituf comprMu, Marfli Cyperus . TmIcuU lour : the roote is great at the head with divers fibres thereat. Of this fort there is ano g w&iuttte. i c but in the colour of the fmall fpikes which are blackifli. ‘ II, Gramen Cyperoilcs ‘Damcum glabrumfolijs Caryopbylleii. A Danifh Cypcr • - This Danifh Cyperus Grade hath divers ttalkes with fundry narrow ftiffe and frnooth leaves, three or fonre inches long apeece.fet together at the middle of them,from among which rile naked fhort » b ^ toppes from betweenc ulually two long leaves, divtrfe {mall long fpiked heads, fpread tik 1 > browniflr grecne colour: the roote is (lender creeping under ground, (hootme forth m divers places. 12. Gramen Cyperoides Jpjcatajftfca elegantijjima pamcula Bayonenle, A fine brownc fpiked Cyperus Graffe of Bayon. « - This fine fpiked Cyperus gradk hath (undry long and narrow leaves among which rife up three fquare Ua Ke , pynted in divers places and long leaves at them,with whom towards the toppes come forthTong 8 P heads,fomewhat hard but not pricking each being two or three inches long of a very fine pale brow mih c therootesarea bufh of many thicke firings, f _ 11, Gramm fyftroidts pahflrellaioalnfe. Marflr CyperusgrafleotBayon. . This Cyperus grade of Bayon,hath divers narrow long leaves, bothbelow and on the fmall fialkes,^ v. men about two foote high,bearing at the toppes fundry long and (harpe ptickely heads with long leaves a, the , roote is compofed of lundry long thicke firings and fibres. 14 . Gramm Cjpcroidei Bajcnen/e Ifchtvripamct with Rulh like headcs growiug at the toppes, bui + ,. 7 ' Gramen Iunceum maritimumdeufefiifatnm. Thicke fet Sea Rulhlike graffe This other Sea graffe hath long hard leaves like Rufhes,growing thicke and clofe together, the (hikes are fi-nde- roote is hke alfo! S£t faring a lmall head at the toppe like unto a Rufh, wht reumo rt 8. Gramen Iunceum maritinum minimum Zelandicum . The lead Sea Rufhlike graffe of Zcland This whole plant fcarfe exCcedcth halfe a cubit in height,but fpreadeth like a fmall tuffocke from evrh r„ ,a if roote,whereof nfeth a (ingle linall ftalke,with (mall hairy like leaves therewith^ a fmall thitdte head auhe "n _, . 9 - Gramen Iunceum mantxmum ex.le Flmoflij. Small Sea Rufh graffe of Plimmcuth P ’ The leaves of this fmall Ruff, graffe are many .growing thicke together, andasfine almoff as haires or threds among which rife up fundry ftender unjoynted ftalkcs, bearing exceeding fmall (harpe pointed heades [hereon the llalkes appearing above them, and pointed • the foofesare many fmall long fibers P This was fnn„d " n Plimmcuth as Dover in their wet grounds. ungnoers. Itus was found as well at XU- r n°* U exile jaucifolium. Aleffer Rufh graffe with fewer leaves This fmal graffe hath fe wer and (hotter fttlkes and leaues than the laft.more foft alfo and delicate whole j." are a little bigger apd prickly, and the ftalke rifing above them as in the other : the roote it fm and ftcnder I i. Gramen Iunceum mm,mum Holofto Mattbiolicongener.Vat fmallcft Rulh graffe like the form, T a „ This little graffe groweth with fundry fmall thred like leaves, fcarft an inch and a halfe long wilh fmfller nV he ftalkes, which ate about twife their length, at whofe toppes ftand two or three fmall h"fde[hke rn fhof t Rulhes.but with rounder graines or feed«a,crem^n■ , . • .- is alfo the fixt and fevcnth.thc reft have not beere exhibited by any before. * * d Ubel ' and ^ _ The Vermes. , T r cre c,n “ s I'ttle be faid of tbcfeSraffes being hard and faplcffe,that no cattle will feederhotx » e , the like, nor having in them any mcdicinablc quality for man; d thcrcon * 3 of others Chap. XXXVIII. Gramen Iunceum Unatumfve Tomhjcinum.velImcus Bemljcinus. Cotton Graffes or Rufhes eiS-SfaSSSSsHS-'Ki: Although 5 ' Grame * lu " CfUm Unatum minus. Small French Cotton Graffe nor beare they at tjleir wppesTo grMt ^uft o^Cottony^ea^d but'are F* ’8* '**° t C if ^ a ^ s r te much higher, the wtnde being ripe,but living a fmallhcad like a Crowfoote head ™ away witb iblacke.and not much unlike the former, , neaa.ot feede behind it; the roote is fomewhat 4. Cramer, 7 C« a p, 38 . Tbeatrum c Botanicum. Tribe 14. 4. Gramm tomsttlafxm Alpinism minus, Small mountaine Cotton grade. From a ftr.all unprofitable roote rilcth a (iiiailllalke halfea foote high, with two or three leaves thereon, attheroppe whereof ftandeth a (mail round he d of Cotton. [uncus Alpinnt ‘TSombjcimss, k'ountaine Cotton Rufh. This alio lendeth forth from a Ruih like - rnore.divers Rulhes, and among them fun- dry fi nderftalkes an handbreedthhigh,bea¬ ring a finall white head ol wooll or cotton like the reft. The Place md Time. ■ ■ The fi:ft groweth in many places of this .Kingdome, and on HampsJlsaA heath tiecrc I/r,.i n. aboucabogge there, thefecondat Ef'ore, in great abundance,and in Gtsmar.j ■alio, the third about Mompslier, the fourth in fome moilt places ol the Alpcs, the lad in J d/yr,t'uM J andfiouriih chiefiy in Inis. The Names. The firft is diverfly called by divers Au- thours, according as their knowledge and o- pinion thereof led them, for Tragus tooke it to be the Gnssphalium of DUfcortits, An&ui- Ijr* his TVpiti, Gtfnsr and others Lmumpr i- serfs the Germans name being Mattsn flaebs, Lobsl hsneus BombyinuifDoioncus Gramm griopberumf! halitts Gramtn lstncissm lamps. rssm ) Tabsrmontantss , Cjrtlmen tomentofum tinagreftis. The (econd is the lancsss Alpi- m capita 0 Unugmofo of Bauhiaas ,although 5. G'atncn lunieum htiatum mino:. Small French Cotton grade. Gtanen luncmdti last tin fits Imic«i tmbjsims. ” vultasis & silts 'Dapicut. Common Feather or Cotton graffc, An4 another oi Eenmarkc. ;. lunciis Alpimit bsabjcinau Mountaine Cotton Hue:. the figure exhibited was taken after the manner of the Danifb growth,the fourth was fent by the title it beircth The lalt is entituled as 'Bassbinus giveth it. Tbs Verttus. C <”■ Jus onely faith of the fir ft, that the deeodtion thereof in wine,and taken warai*,eafcth tfejegriping paires ii the belly. The woolly l eads arc gatherethby diversgo fervcbothtoftuffcbedt.nd cufbwntjana the like, whid for the loftnclTe and goodneffe f arre eicelleth any Thiflledowne, o. Ch * R X BE 14, Ch a ?. XXXIX. Grxmsn 4rnnAmacetimfttUiftrc. Marlhfleede Graffe. Have fnewed yon in the laft Claflis before this.thofe forts of Reede graffes, that ufua'.ly prow on the upper groundes, although ibmetimes in the lower alio. In this 1 fluff entreat of Rich as n ow in watery or marfhy places. s 0 1 . Gramcn Arundinaccummaximum!! ayonenfe, Great Marfli Reede graffe of Bayon. 1 his great R eedegraffe (booteth forth great thicke and very tall ltalkes.as high as any man iovn- a r , . tedu ptotihe tops, with long 8e fomcwhat broad hard rough and braked leaves fct thereon but lefl'e £Ztt be r‘ J T,'i C ° W / rdS C ^° PPes 0f lhe ftaIks -with the leaves come forth many fparfcd tufts of chaffie he d anding on fmall long footcftalkes.the whole pannickle being a foote long and more: the roote creepeth farre about in the watery ditches and places neere StMbn dc Lhcc ,where it grotvech. P 3rrC Th;, f Arundmaccum aurofaglama uo/fnu. Our great Reed graffe with chaffie heads, 0 c , Reedegraffe hath many faire large Reedelikc leaves,fpringing from a joynted reddifh roote and R red°r l p U ft 1 in n t0 “[ a 11 .® gtafle, but harder rougher, and ftraked all the length ofthein, havinc "reac . r u ^ a ' Ke ?^ree cubits high,joynted alio and branched, and towardes the toppes bearing large and^oire cesjandreddffh'in others^whe^eiri'lyefiiiafl'fc'ede!' 0 ^ ab ° Ut * ' P “ n '^ “ C °‘° Ur P^ -ri ■ . ' J" Q'* me ’L' ira *‘ iMac ‘' am f er '‘‘ : ‘‘ t '”°ll‘orcJbicii. A leffcr foft headed Reede graffe. ftaT!e^ 1S ° ■"f r . lie . cde ? raffeisf ^ mew hatlikethelafl : , bucleffer, wich narrower and Ihorter leaves, and low-r the Ru’rh rh a ?r’f 3 ” 5 the cufted he>dscflat ftand atthc t0 PP es ’ ar '-‘ foniewhat like to “ ” , ' d w “ v . r. The Names, *• fefr'R 3 aT*^ Gwke H*r d rV- fo & Grmu» Aruuihuceum in latinc. are as fitly applyedcc ormer,all thefe being of later invention,none having publifhed any of them before. I ■ Grmcr, Jrundirwium maximum Bamterc Great Marfli Reede graffe of Bayo, Crams ^rund.naccum accrofa tluma no (Iras. Great Riecte grade wuh chaffy heads! 12 74 Chap. 4° * 1 * * * * 6 Theatrum Botamcum- T R1BE 14. TkeVertues. We have not yet heard or learned ot any good property they have for medecine. Chap. XL. Gramm aquatica. Water Grades. Here are fame other forts ofGraffes that properly grow in the Watered ret fpeben of before, af- 1 ter whom (hall folio w the Sea Graffes that they may ufher m the relb of the Sea plants. i. Gramm aquaticum majw. Great water Grade, This ereat Water Gra'ffe hath great and tall ft alkes full of joynts.with large Rcedc-like leavesat gtfflsauaa tlie n ar , pc j w i-h white and greene, like Ladies faces, bur not ^evidently to be fcenc.up to the toppe almoft where ftandeth alarge and long tufted panmcklc of many parts andbranchcs.likc the cernmor, Retde.the rootes runne and fpread farre,(hootingup lnfundry places. - , „ rootesrnnnea P 2< Gram „ „undinaceum aquaticum. GreatWaterBeedegrafle. The ftalkes of this are great and high, having broader and longer leaves then the former, and femewbat harder all the iovnrs alfo be fewer, and the tufted panmcklc is more fpread and loft in handling, and ot apurpl.fia ureene colour, whole bloomings are white.thc rootes cteepe not fo much as the former, greene colour,v Gramm aquaticum paniculafpetiofa, I be fame headed water Graft. This Grafferifcth to be two cubits high,the leaves are broad and a footelorg but fender y fet on the ftalkes, r ' " h at ou"h on the edges, lome whereof will be hollow like a trunke that the ftalkc will gee through it halfe way the toppeV nnickle 15 made ot man y finc loft fcalir tufts j j w r n - way,me toppe v aquatic urn famculatum mnur. Small bearded Water Grafe. This Graft* fendeth forth from a thicke hard white fibrous roote.a round ftraked ftalke, about two foote high, compaffed with fundry broad rough pale greene leaves , nccre a foote long .lie toppe panmcklc ,s a ipanne long, thinnely or lparfedly paced, madeot many whitifh heads compaffed with long aulnes or beardes. y P , Gramm Echinatum aquaticum raaqus* The greater prickly headed W'atcr Grade, The ftalke of this Grafte rifech up two or three fparnes above the water, m the ditc hes where it groweth w.th divers long and narrow leaves, bearing at the toppes of the ftalkes, divers fmall prickely heads with long leaves at them, the rootes thruft deepe inchemuddc. „ , 6 Gramm /chmatum aquaticum minru. The leffer prickely headed water Grafte. This other Grade is like to the laft both in the leaves and prickely heads but lmaller, and have no leaves Hand- ing with them as the former hath. 1 . Gramen aquat'Cum majm. Great Water Rtcdc. a, Gramen Arundinaceum aquat'cum. Great Water Rccde gralie. 127 ° Chap. 41 . Iheatrum iSotanicum. Thief 14 * 7. Gramen acjuaticum (picatum. Spiked Water Grade. The Wate* (piked Grade hath fundry weake ftalkes,leaning every way, full of joynts which arefomewhac knobby or rou,,d, raking rooteagaine in divers piaces.having long and narrow leaves upon them, which lye fio- ting upon and under the Water, that part that groweth up hath lome leaves like wife thereon, and a long (lender browne fpdted head at the toppe,the roote buflteth thicke in the mudde with many firings and fibres therear. S. Gramen jluviatile. 1 letc Grade. The Tlote grade groweth in the very like manner to the lad, with leaning (hikes, and rooting at the joynts, but hath more (lore of leaves on them,the toppes being furnifhed with iundry fpiked heads, two or three togcch'cr at a joynt upwards. $>. Cjr.tmtn acjuaticum alterum. Another Water or Burre Graffe. The leaves of this Graffe arelong fmooth and tender, among which rifeth up a ftalke about halfeayardhhh, with a few leaves fee thereon,and at the toppea many (mall rough heads like burres. 10. Gramm Fluviatilccornutum. Horned Flote graffe. This (Irange Graffe hath a very (lender llalke about two foote high, joynted at fundry places, and tvvofmall Rnfhy leaves for the mofl part (et at each of them,growing fomewhat broad, and compaffing it at the bottome with a large skinne, from whence alfo rife one or two ftalkes ending in a skinny head, which hath at the end of them three or touie very narrow leaves.turningdownewards, and feeming like homes; the roote is fmall and threddy. It. Cjramen bulbofttm acjuaticum, The Waterbulbed Graffe. This Graffe hath an ovall bulbed roote fpotted with yellow markes, and white within,not having any fent or tartc, fromwhencefpringethupbetwcenetwoearesasit were,a fmall llalke about two inches long, with ano¬ ther longer peece thereon, at the toppe whereof thrudeth forth divers fibres, and from them divers'fong and broad leaves: but whatdalkeor dower it bore,we are yet to learne,being thus muchoncly brought and thereby deferibed. The Place and Time, The two firfldoe g ow in ponds md lakes, in fundry places, as well of this Land as of others.- The third in the watery places about Padoa and in Haflia alfo. The fourth in the waters about Michelfield by "Bajpll, The filth fixth,fcventh, eighth and ninth,in watery ditches and ponds in divers parts of the land. The lad in the Lakes necre Mompelierjini doe all flour fn in the Summertime. The Names . The fird is the gramen acjuaticum harundinaceum paniculatum of Tabcrmontanw. The fecond the Gramen majiu iicjn.it cum of Lobel, The third and fourth are called by Bauhintu Gramen p,iluJlre,o-c. but I have ftt them both under the title of acjuaticum. The fifth and lixih are not mentioned by any before. The feventh is localled by Lobe lit it is in the title. The next hcecalleth Gramen auejie innatam. The ninth is called by Lohel Gramm acjuaticum alteram. The lad is fo called by Bauhinw as it is in the title. TheVertaes, Mod ofihefe Grades will Hrrfes eate of, although we know not any ufe they have for any humane griefc. Chap. X L I. Lyihoxj Ion five lignum Lapideum. Stone wood,or Wood made Stone. E T me yet addethis Wood made Stone,in the end ofthele trelh Water plants, feeing diverfe waters in this Kingdome as well as others have that pro¬ perty, that what wood foever greater or lt-ffer, wrought or unwrought, by letting it abide in the water, in the Sommer time or Spring, for fome time, according as t e thickneffe will give time to penetrate ir, the branches of trees and greene herbes,yea leather gloves, a -d many other have beenc metamorphofed into done, kee¬ ping that forme it held before it was put in, by the chilling quality of the water. Ljthoxylertfive lignum lapideum. Scone WooJ. Chap. X L 11 . Gramma maritima. Sea Grades. He Sea Grades as I faid before.are fitted to be joyned next unto tTie former Water Grades, that after thelc I may diew you the red of the plants that grow in or neere the Sea, or within the aire or breath thereof, which are properly called Maritime plants. I. Gramen Car.inumgeniculatum marittmum[picatum. Sea fpiked Dogs graffe or Quich graffe. This Sea Graffe hath divers joynted dalkes about a foote high, with hard leaves thereon, a fpsune long,and like the other quich graffe,the fpiked heads are (liorter by much ar.d harder then the common kinde : the roote is full of joynts and ere epeth underground like it, a. Gramen 1278 Chap. 42. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Tribe 14. 3. Gramenmaritimumvulrato CtHarioJimiU' Sea Qujcb graffe. ^ Thi' other Sea graffe is a (tenderer, harder, and lancker Graffe then the ordinary quich graffe, and of a more blewina° reene coLr.and differcth not in any thing elfe. But there are two other differing forts hereof obe¬ yed the one iruherootes,which at the feraall joynts as it runneth, doth (hoote up the like fialkcs, leaves, and fpiked tufts,and will be (ometimes twenty foote inlcngth.wlth a number ofthofe tufts of ftalkes and leaves at them; the other in the fpikes, which will have two rowes or orders in them. GramcKC«m’>um*ltcTitrr.nsAntinnml iwrtidKatum. Sea Dogs graffe with long rootes. This long rooted Sea Graffe differed; little from the former,either in the hard leaves or in thei running rootes, but that they fpread more, and iaftead of fpiked heads at the toppes of the ftalkes, this hath chafhc heads among the leaves. marit . mKmfkatum Sea fpiked Dogs graffe of CMcmf'K'r. This French Sea grall'e hath flender wooddy rootes,with but few fibres let thereat, from whence rife divers trailing ftalkes a foofe or more high with fundry /oyms and branches at them, and Oiort narrow reedelike leaves on thermae the toppes whereof grow fpiked heads of three inches bng apeece, of a darkifh afh colour. Gramcn Cnr/wum maritimvm afperttm. Rough Sea gratle. The room of this graffe is a buffi of long vv hite fibres, from whence fpring many reddifh round fmall (hikes, which at the firlf leane downewards, about a foote high, compaffed with hard fhort: and fhaipe pointed leaves, (landing as it were in a tuft togethcr.with hard rough dents about the edges: the fpiked heads are fomewhat like unto fmall rough hard burres,breaking out of a skinne wherein they were hrlt enclofed. 6 GrAtnenexilevicinorummArisaggerum. A fmall graffe orthc Seadownes. This fmall Sea gi affe 11 ,ooteth forth divers fhort ftalkes of two inches long,full of fmall long leaves like ha.rcs, fet clofe together.and amon| them at the toppes fmall heads, like the catkins of the dwarfe Willow, tWroote is fmall and threddy. _ , , . . Jc * 7 OxyA?rofiuntar}ti7»a r Dalecb«nifi), Sharpe pointed Sea grade. The bufhy fialkes hereofare about two foote long, full of joynrs, w ith two long and narrow graffe like leaves at every one of them,of a darke greene colour ,and fo fh arpe at the points that they are ready to pence their legges thatpafleby ituna wares. 8. Grwen lnncoidcs mArmmum. Sea Ruin grade. The Sea Ruth graffe hath from a blarkifh brownefingleroote, pieafant in tafic and full of hairy fibres, fundry fhort fialkes about a foote long wish flender limber Ruth like leaves thereon, twite as long as the ftalkes, and at the toppes three or foure leaves a fpanne long, encompafiiwg a rough head like a Ruih which is full or chaihc (cedes. 7 . Oxyjgroftis manfimn r Dalcc.hin.£ j. Sluipc pointed Sci gr,iilc. 9. Gramet viorinvm fpieatum. Spiked Sea grafic. T R IBE 14. The Theater of ‘Plants. ChaP, 42. I27p 1 o. Gr.imen marmumfpitatum alterum. Another fort of fpiked Sea graffe. 11. Gr.imen mannum mcditiftancum mcius statics Tlmij juibufdam. G roa : Sea Thrift. 9. GrdmenmaritmmfficatHm. Spiked Sea Graffe. The roore qf this Graffe is compofed of a buffi of many long unn^ or fibres, from whence rife many lone hollowed or cuttery leaves, compafflng one another at the bottome, a« mong whom Iprmg two or three ftalkcs bare of leaves unto the toppes where they beare long fpiked heads of greeniffi flowers let clofe together. I o. Gr amen.mar inum fpicatttm alter urn. Another fort of fpiked Sea Graffe. The leaves hereof are ffender long narrow hard,and fharpe pointed growing often on the low places nere the Sea, that iomectmes wafhethover ir, which no cattle will eatewil- tingly,it beireth fundry low ff alks with fmall long and round heads thereon. 11. Gramen rnarinum mediterraneum majus Statice ejuthujdanj. Great Sea Thrifr. Although I have in my former Bookc deferibed and pi&u- red both the forts of Thrift,the greater and lefl'er, yet bcraule J am to mew you another fort of the greater kiiide. I will hcrcagame briefly remember them, and fhew you that the greater of them groweth with many fairelong and foroe- what broad wbitilh greene leaves,lying clofe together upon the ground, from whom rife ffender ftalkcs, naked unto the toppes, except in one place toward the middle, where it hath two fmall leaves, turning downewards contrary to almofl all other herbes and at their tops a tuft of blufh coloured flow- ers.openmg by degrees. 12. Statice Americana. Grcac Sca Thrift of America. .is other great Sea Thrift of America^th likewife ma- nv luch leaves as the lalf hath, but they are of a fadder greene colour,and iomewhat fhinms with tworibbes m each, and blunt at the ends,the (lender (hikes beare alfo fuch a tuft of tiowirs but they are whiteand breakeout of a skinne which ' IcwfibreXetr ' ke,th£ '° ng T* with but ... , , „ I 3 - Q ra ™'n mtrintm minus. Small Thrifr or S»a T is other fmaller fort is well knownc to have many fmall hard Chort" greene leaves thj'cke growing together and 12§o Cm a P.43. Theatrum Fotanicum . 1 RIBS 14 and fpreading on the ground, the ftalkes are many of a fpanne high, without any leaves on them, but at the tops a finall round tgtt ofblufh coloured flowers. The Place and Time, The three firft forts,the fixt and the Iaft, have beene obierved on our Sea coafts, efpecialiy in Kent, the fourth and the eieh r .h,about CWcmpetier and Narbonc, and the fifth both on the Venetian , Ancomitane and French fhoares, alfo about Mompelier the eleventh as well on the hils,as neere the Sea, and hath beene.Oiten l'Cnc us from Portu- pall,the reft are found neere the Sea coafts in many places, and are in flower and leede in the end of Summer. The Names . The firft and third forts are mentioned by hotel ,the fccond fixth and eight have not beene remembred by any other Author before, the fourth and fifth are mentioned by Banhinm, by the names of Gramm (amnnm marin- miim (picatum.mA Gram', C amnnm maritimum afperam, the feventh is fo called by Lugdunerjit as it is in the title, the ninth and tenth are mentioned by Label. The eleventh Cheque firft called graven marmum map,, and lo doih Tabermontantts alfo.but afterwards in his hiftory of Plants.he callethlit Armor iw rmrtar.ru tenmfohue major. Label CaryopbiUm montanm,L»gdmenf„ faith it is called Statice by home from the prelent help in Handling blood in the body wherefoever, and foby Camerariu, alfo.but differeth from the Stance of PH»J, and as divers from his Can. tabrica although Comer* iue taketh it to be the Cantabrica of isbgmUara, yet finely it is called Stance by divers now adayes,and as Lngdunenjii laith, divershtrbarifts of Parit called it Catananctsa.Itirum genrn, but by many alfo Caryopbyllui monianut alter or major, as Bauhimu alfo doth adding thereto flore globofo , and others Graven ma- rinum majtu.is they doe the lift graven marir.um mimu , and others Carjophyllw munnut mimmut, but Clufuu An. merim montanm tenuifolrm minor-.Dodonatu calleth them both Gravenpelyanthimnm rnajtufSr mintu, and the lelfer Pftudimoly in his French Herball.as Gefiier in hortit doth alfo,the twelfth is ftiled Statice eAmtncana by Cornutm. % The Vertues, It is generally held that the rootes of the Sea Quich graffc is as eifeftuall as the ordinary or common fort, and therefore for the qualities, I muft referre you to be enformed there where I fpeake of it, that lo I may avoidc a double repetition ofthe lame things, the reft erenot put toany ufe in Phyfickethat I know. This difference be- i weene thefe and thofc ofthe Land hath beene obferved that cattle will not f cede on the leaves or rhele by reafon of their hardneffc.roughnefl'c.and fharpeneffe.whcn as they refufe not the other. Chap. XL HI. A lfine marina. Sea Chickwcede. J Here are fome forts of Chick weede that are 1 eferved out of the family of the former Chickewecdes to I be entieatedol in this place. , Ail(ne minima. 2 5 . Jlfine minima 7{e*poh/ana (ff Coronopu* tenatfuim HeafoUtanm warn. ScaCJuckmcde. ‘ * BluihChickwccd ofNaples,AnJ finall Sea Buckus home olrNaples, 'efr e# 0 sn jlLL» v-y-'T A C H A P.44.. 1281 Tribe 14. TheTbeater of \Vlants . 1. AIJine marina. So Chickwcede This Sea Chickwcedegrowethfor tte noft pm with the branches lying'on the ground, very like untothe middle fort of Chick weedc.bnt that the ftalkes are fhorter and thicker, and cloler iovnted with fiich liter leave* at them,yet thicker and whiter,the flowers are compofed of many fmall leaves (landing likeaftarre • the (eed- veffells that follow, are not long and round like the other, but flat and fomewhatboal wherdn a^ ned three or fount greater feedes: therooteis threddy. Another like hereunto is that Sea Chickwcede that r/«L, iaith he found withthickdeaves.likc unto Pur (lane,growing on the fandy hils ncere the (bore in Holland hat shit the flowers as he faith were grecmHi. 3 Dl!C 5. ted!finemaritime Neapolitana flarernbente. Blulh Chickwcede of Naples The ftalkes of this Chickwcede are exceeding fmall, lying on the ground, round about the rootes, with as fine and fmall leaves almoft thereon, two alwayes or more fet croiTewife at the joyntes, being of a fitters 1,-nm-h,i moft : the flowers (land at the toppes, as in the former Sea Chtckweede, but of a bK whole ieede is contained in the like long heads as othersitheroote is threddy as the reft With the fivurc r you have tp the fame table that (mail Sea Buekes borneof Naplesfet forthb'y Column!, rhTdeftSwheeof you (hall finde before in f»g a o.. and might verywe^vebeene brought hither.among thefe other Sea plants? The titles of thefe declare their places of breeding,and their time is with the others. TheNamei, Thefirft is called Aliine marina ofDodonem vndTabermontantu ,but Zu^r/callerh ir Aten, «„• *•[?&» CentunculS,the Other kinde whereof Chf* ealleth Column,, Alfine marinma Neapolitan,. i i. f l rne lecond is called by The Venues . * All era. Chap. XLIV. Lenticnla marinavulgario. Ordinary Sea Lentils. Lenticnla marina rmlgarit,& ferratisfoliji. Ordinary Sea Lentils. ; Aturall to the Tyrrhene and Afiatickt Sea, be- ' tweenc the Florentine and Venetian Dominions, there groweth, faith Label, this plant, which j lac jj t [ lc L on „ an j narr0iv [caves of Sc opart, or Broome Flax,very thicke fet on weak bending (talks, lialfc a fooce long and full ofempty round skinny berries, like unto Lentils, from whenceit came to be fo called. There is another fort hereof called Lenticnla marina fer. ratlt folijs .very like it differing oncly in that it hath broa¬ der and fhorter leaves,dented about the edges. The Plaee.Time, Names and Vertues , Their Place is declared, and Time to be underftood the Sommer. Label ealleth it Lenticula marina Serapiona.and id doe Tabcrmontanm and Lugdunenfis after him, who alfo faith it is called by fome Vva marina, Sauhinns cal- ’ leth that with plaine [eaves Fhcm folhcu/aceus Linar:, folia, and faith that Impcratui called it Acinarie marine altera ffrecies, but the other with jagged leaves, he ealleth ‘ T neiis foliacens [erratafolio, and of ImpCratus Acinar to ma¬ rine tenia jpeciet, but to what ufeitmay.ferveinPhy- ficke hath not yet been® obferved. Clufim in his Scholia on the laft Chapter of /fco/Lshis Booke of fimpfesput- tethittothe queftion whether that with dented leaves, ff ould not be that herbe that is called Sargaafo, but 'Ban. hinur in his Pinax (etteth itdowne as ifitwere certaine. Thefe have been often feen covering the Sea,in f ayling to the Eaft Indies, betweene eightccne and thirty foure'dc- gteesof Northerly Latitude, which by hindering the fhips paffage.fome of the Saylers in elecring the (ides of the (hip,brought it into the (hip, and while it was frefh did eate thereof both raw and boyled, but grew hard and brittle when it was dry, and was of a clenfing property for urine, as one of the Saylers troubled withfoulehu- , mours and the flopping of thofe palTage,found to his eafe that did eate thereof. Acofla his defeription thereof is in this manner. This plant groweth in a large fmopth Sea covered therewith,as farre as the eye coulddifeerne whofe bottome could not be reached unto by our plumme line,yet very likely to rife from the bottome as miohe he difcerned by the berries wrapped together thereon on the branches, and being pulled up was of an hand* length,with leaves halfe an inch long,dented about the edges, and of a reddifh colour, without caffe but what ic had from the Sea water: at every leafe it bore a berry like a Pepper come, bat hollow full of fait wa-er and of a iTdryed? 0Ur * * ^ ° f ’ Wh ‘ tC a " d red 5 beWg freftl and ” eW takenU P ic ‘‘tender, but brittle and har’d when it Rtrrr Serrutii , foUjS' Chap; Tbeatwm Botanicum T R I B E 14. 1282 CHAP.45. TarthMium mtrinuat. Sea Mayweed or Feather few. Chap* X L V i • Parthenium marinum. Sea May weed or Feathcrfew* T His fpreadeth many fhort branches on the ground about an handbredth long, having divers long and S narrow leaves fet about them, cut in on the fades like to the greater Da.fy leave.,of a Qrong or llink- \ " n „ favour like unto the ordinary May weede.and having flowers not much unlike it alio, the rootc IS lone and flender, and (hooteth forth divers fibres from it. _ iTfiiSi. 5 Chamcmelum maritimum. Sea Camomill. The roote hereof isblackifh fpreading into many long fibres, fending forth fundry weake (hikes lying on the ground, fet on both (ides with larger leaves then arc m the ordinary May weede,having a large white flower, and a yellow thrum in the middle. The Place and Time. The firft moweth neere the Fi(hers Cottages at the foote of the hill C'Jiim in NarbmAn France ,the other in the (andy grounds neere the Sea fhore, and fljwer in Summer, The Names. Lob'l calleth the firft Cetula Jive Panhcnirm mar-mum minimum, Lugduncnfis Parthenium marim-.m minimum. Sauhinui Matricaria maritime, and thinketh that it is the Chamxmelnm maritimum Dalechampij , fee downe inthefecond place, and called Cotulamarina by Label. 7 he Venues. The firft hath neither weaker, (faith Label) nor differing properties from the ordinary May weede, which for to avoid a double repetition of one thing, I re- ferre you to the Chapter of May weede in the firft Claflis of this Workc. Of the other there is no particular property recorded. Chap. XLVI. Con-}z.tmarina. SeaFleabar.e. Hiskind ofCo«jr.a, that groweth in the fields neere the Sea Coalts. hath a long dry hard roote, and from thence rifech a round ftalke, about a foote high, bran¬ ched into (undry parts, fet with long and narrow leaves fomewhat like onto the fmallerRibbeworc Plantane, almoft without tafte yet a little bitter •• the flowers are yellow, (landing in a dole tuft together, and are blowne away with the wind when the head is ripe. The Place and Time. The place is declared before, and the Sommer is the time of its flow ring. The Nantes. Lvadunenfii calleth it Conjxa marina,* nd Bauhinw as I (aid in the fix and twentieth Chapter of the fixt Claflis here before, would referre it toth e Chondnlla altera ‘Diofcortdis Rausroljio, which I there (aid 3 1 thinke to be erronious for the reafons there allcdged. The Vertnesj It is thought to have the fame properties, that toe 0^ ther Flcabancuhavc. Conjia maim. ScaFJcabane. ChS Tr l B B 14, jVr modernc Authourshave mentioned divers forts of G&x*, whereof that of CM* and anothercal= lied Vnlgari,, have beene formerly handled before in this Worke. ‘I'oAm&m, Label and others have | exhibited one that I meane to entreate of in this Chapter, which is the leffer, Corim and /Wr*Wt» ' a greater, and Alpmm one differing from them both,each luppofing theirs to be the netted unto®;’ ojeoride s his Glare .-:, t. GUux maritim* major. The greater Sea Milkewort. ' The greater of thefe Milkeworts hath litndry (lender weakeftalkes fpread ontheground, befet with divers hentill like leaves,yet a little, larger, and of a grayifh greene.colour on the upper fide, and more grayith under¬ neath, the flowersare purple fet atthe joynts withthelc-ives, after which come (mail buttons with feedein them,the roote (hootcrh downei ight,but the branches as they fpread take roote againe. Bauhinm faith there is fome variety obferved herein : thegreater fort having fomedmes much larger leaves, andfometimes narrov - the lefler fort (raving the (talks thicker ftored with leavci,efpeciaily upwards.the lower being fal.ne away leaving thedalkesbare,andasifthey had greatj'oynts. , 2. GUmx muritimaminor. The leffer SeaMilkewort. The leffer fort differcth little from the former.in the manner of growing, but in the fmallncffe both of (hikes and leaves,and that this is found growing in places neere the Sea or lalt Lakes, and the other as well on the hik &c.as necre the Sea, “■ a 3, Glaux manumaVcncta Alpine, The Venetian Sea Milkewort of Alplnui. This Venetian Sea Milkewort rifeth up from a (lender long wooddy branched roote, with foure or five (lender [hikes a cubit or more high.fet at equall diflances with fundry fomewhat long and narrow leaves, o re£ne on the upper fide,and hoary white underneath, and at the toppes foure or five flowers (landing together,as it were in an iimbell for forme and bigneffc,being very like unto the baftard Scorpion like podded Sena o(.Candy, but of a whi- tifh blufla colour, and ara fucceedcd by (mall fhort round p .'ds,having fmall hard round (cede within them fling a little (weetifh. ' * The PlaceznATimt- The firft groweth in many places of German -,,and was fern as Bauhinm faith, to him from out of Stotland h,,r the leffer is often found, both on the Kentifo mAEfex (hores.and the lad as Alpimit faith in the fait marihes nee e unto Chdie, a City of the Z'r*efi?.»;?, which is mflke, and the latmcs follow the Grccke name Cll«' G -nd not as lome thinke a alamo colony the Latine derivation cannot fuite with the Greeke word. PI,ay ilith 'iciscallcd alio yAaww.becaufc it reftoreth the decayed milke in Nourles breafts. Cordut on Tt^condes, and cJjori.* in horto ,mention the fiift, which Sauhinu, calleth Claux lauore f.hoThurmg.aca, Tbefecond,®^- vsw L„l,cl,C’Mn'rariui.Tabcrmontamtt 3nd LugdnKcujis fpcake of,and call it Glaux extgua mantma. The lall is mentioned by Alp,urn in hi. Bcoke of plants, by the:name of Glaux » mennmee, bmM^kam would referre it to Clufou his ®o 7 cfa.i» r and that k wa! nevcr lcene "Orally growing as well on h,Is as .-ei e the Sea fide. Ca/alpinui 1 onely,and Bauhirn 1 from him maketh mention of the firll Crnhmum here callirc it 11 lUeAUalur Amgen*, fx Sic,l,a, as he doth the fecond Baticulaquaf, parva Bati,, for it is thought to bee thar syhich Thny called Batu, as Gefner m horti, doth.and Crithmum marinum alfo : It is the firft Critbnum rhia. whom aimed all other Authours doe follow, who alfo faith the Italians hi. Countrymen call td it Ma de SanFetr»,,nd feme from then® Sampetre, and the French,better, San /We,and W e rom them he up our neerer neighbours.Sampier. Tauhinu, calleth both thefe firll lorts Crithmumfine Fceniculum marinum mZ J. The third is the fecond Crithmum of Matthiolw .called rbil.n,™ _ ; ° neerer MlinM, T ? , • , 1 , • . ^ - , \ l,uu ,nnt lorts ^ntnmumtne tamculum marinum maim nu h ' p m Chlrd 15the , fcl: ° nd C^hmnmtA MatthiolmyMedCrithmum ftimfum by Dodonau. and Taberler.ta ru^ F $n T 7 ar, ” db \h oM 2 L "! ! f*””{'> others,and isBauhinu, thinketh, is the Trihulus marinus ana. t‘u w r WAf°' ^■ l r ZO0 T Un r bcS ; CMr ‘ 1 ’ and calleth it Cachry marinum The Cr hC rf r t A°r J'iZT and Camerarins doe follow, Ddonaus calleth it rlr^eZ 7lTr mUm ^ IP CcrdusTZ firvatfylvaAmhyh majyvd Bank,nut Crnhmum maritime flare Afteris Wtici, and by fome AfterZti « Z ’ lhc J r f Fe ” nd Sac.Be and Cretemarine, as the Apothecaries fn their drops beyond Set Cre tamanna, this from them, or they from it: the Germanes MeerfenckeU.thc Dutch ZeeVencled and We-« Za Sampler and Sea Fennell. Tetru, Gefcentius calleth it Crethmxm Rincum marinum, ' ’ ,d VV as 1 faid The Venues, the fpicintfli. in it hkewife in helping digdlion, opening in fome fort the oblTruftions of the ll er and^lecne! provoking Theatrum c Botanicum, a p^O, RISK 14. provoking urine and helping thereby to wa(h away the gravell and hone engerdred in the kidneys or bladder: P Manv other Sea plants might have beene put into this Claffis, which I have difperfedly handled and fpoken of rhroti’h this whole worke, becaule they were (0 like unto thofe plants, whettuntol have joyned them, that they could not well be feperated, 1 thought them therefore fitter to be entreated of there, and xeferved oncly thefe few for this place. Casr. L. Buliiut Crinituf marinm. The Sea Bulbe with hairy bufh toppes. Eloi e I come to the Sea Modes, let me adde this uncouth.unheard of, and peradventure untrue, or at le'atl uncertaine Sea plant,in that we have not yet read or heard ol any found Authour that hath mentioned k,bat lugdunenjli and he, as he (aithoutof ccrtaine Navigations in the Italian tongne, but neither perfons that faw it, nor pl’ce of the Sea where itsrewbnt onely among certaine Iflands, nor time when it was found, aie expreded in the declaration thereof: which maketh it the more fufpitious: but as Lucdun'rfu hath fet it downe, fo 1 will give it you to caufe others to finde out the truth, or folly of the mat¬ ter Among certaine 1 dands doth grow fo great abun¬ dance of this finely expreded plant, that (liippes being forced ro pafle over it,are often ftayed in their courle it groweth in the bottomc of the Sea, to the length of foureteene or nfteenc fathome (or braces) and riling foutc or five above the water, of the colour of yellow wave, with arealonablebiggeftalke, from whence at certaine fpaces are fet divers bulbes, fending forth at their cnds.certaine bufhes or tufts of haires, the roote is bulbous alio, but thicker and greater then the others on the (hikes, and bufhing out many hairy fibres: Thus much hee. Banh'mtu faith hee knoweth not what it is, and finely 1 thinke if there were any fuch thing, in re rum mtura, others befides Lugdunenfir might have the fortune to light upon that unnamed Authour to certifie us of his honedy and knowledge, I can goe no further, not having any further limits alotted me. Bulbut maTixus ciinitw. T he Ssa bulbe with Feather tops. Chap. LI. Mufcus marines, Sea Mofle. • F Modes I am nexttofpeake.which are of many forts, fome of the Vplands, and others ofthc Sea, ' which mud be joyned next to thofe other Sea plants, and thofe of the Land after them, and hecau e I thefe alfo are of divers forts,I thinke fit to diftribute them into three rankes. the firlt to be ot th °'= that are of anherby fubftance.the fecond of an harder ftony, and the lad of a Iponey matter: the hilt fort alfo is to be divided into thefe plants, that btare fine cut leaves, like Mode or Fearne and into thofe thathave broader leaves,of thofe with fine cut leaves I fhall entreate in this Chapter, andofthebrcaccr in I. CMufou marirus cafillaceui Diofcmdu, The loft SeaMode. This (oft Sea Mode (is not CVailiM, which is hard and hath a branched (hike, hut) is like un '? that grow upon the ground or trees without any roores onely growing upon among the Alga of divers forts,growing fomewb a fleth a little filtifh and binding. 3. Mufcut marintts Ncapolttanur. SeaMode ot Nafln. This Sea Mode likewife groweth unto fome rocke or done, tiling with a ftalke more then foure inches hig with fundry branches on both Tides, and theyagaine divided into letter,all ohhem plentifully ftored with very fine leaves, as fmall as Camomill leaves,or finer then they if any other be finer. Toft in han¬ dling at the firft,eafie to be bended, and tranfparent if they fcein- terpofed to the light,greene below at the lower part, and purplifh above : this is rot fo briitleas Coralline when it is diyed, ar.d groweth more rough by thedrynefie,althcugh it may well be refer¬ red unto lc me Ittrc'e thereof, and retaineth a very fait tiftc with it, hut teirg put into water or a while fUepcd therein, it will grew loftagaine. 3. Ainjiw maritinw thBoriwfvedlfrAtfaElorialtgdtiverifis, Dying red Sea Mcfle. This frr.all rc^ Sea Mcflc islcir.ewhat like the la(J, but with more ftorc Tribe 14. * i Tbe Theater of Tlants, Chap*52. 129 1 {lore n( loft ftalkes and fewer branches,and with as fine fmall leaves on them like unto Fennell of a reddifh co- Iotir.bnt with fome whitenefle mixed together,this is ufed by divers to (hike a deepe crimfon, or reddifh purple colour,which will la'll long. 4. Mufcue murium vtreni F eusiculaceue, Short Fennell like Sea Mode; This fliort Fennell like Mode growerh up from blackifh round and fibrous rootes, with divers fine fhort leaves like T cnnell.of an herby or greene colour,among which an herby ftalke rifeth alfo with fuch like leaves on it, and having fufidry fwolnc eminences thereon. 5. c Jltufcm marinue Ferulaceste, Long Fennell like Sea Moffe, The leaves hereof are very long and fine like unto the Ferula, or F ennell giant, growing from (hikes neere as foote long,divided into branches,this fpringethfrom Rockes or the like. 6 . Mtsfcut marinus Abrotonoides . The Southernewood like Sea Mo lie. This alfo rifeth up from the Rockes with thicke Halites and branches, with fine cut leaves on them, fomewhac like unto Southernew'ood.but much bigger, and ofa brownifh red colour. 7. Mufcsee marinue argenteue plumiformie. The filver like Sea Feather. This mod beantifullMoflegroweth on the Rockes in the Sea, upon the dry fhels of Filhes, and is alfo often foundWrapped ampngft the wrake of Sea weede.caft upon the Chore, growing up as the figure fhevveth, into many particulaV parts or branches,’ made as it were all of haires like other Moffes, but verily reprefenting fc- verall fprigs of Feathers, of fo pure a white (ilverlikc colour, that it is to be wondered at, that any Sea Mode fhould become fo white by nature,ormadeby Art, the property whereof is to wade the Spleene applyed with Vinegar, it quickly alfodiflblvctb the fcrophules or kernelsinthe throate,or elfewhere : it helpeth the Drop, fie in that it doth abundantly provoke urine: it clenfeth likewife the reigues, and graved or dones engendred in the kidneyes.if a dramme of it in pontherbe taken in the didilled water of Srjfimssm, Hedge Mudard or Sea Holly with an equall propOrrion of the juice bf Lemmons. 8. Mufcue marinue Venelrn Cojli Indict radicie ejfigie. The Venetian Collus like Mode. This Venetian MofTegroweth on rockes in the Sea, which by the often agitation of the water, is broken from it,and carryed to the Chore,not having any roote,but being made as it were of a tuft of fmall dickes fet toge- ther,and being dry reTembleth the roote of Coflue Indteue,bat whiter, and being moidened againe, openeth it ft lfe into the forme aforefaid, and as it is expreffed in the figure,it is very fait, and full of it like fand. p. Persna marina aurea. 1 he goulden Sea Feather. This Sea plant that for the beauty 4 nd excellency thereof.doth worthily deferve his name, although font thus maimed as it were,being but a peeceasiris likely, of what it was when it grew, yet fuch as it is I here offer to your view,being of a mod fhining gold colour, both ftalke and leaves, which very neately relemoleth the Spar= turn Astflriacttm of which we call the Feather grade. The Place and Time. Their places are all declared by their titles to be the dones on the fhore, or Rockes in the Sea, and the (hells of fifhes, Stc. whereon many of them bteede,and but few fpring out of the ground as the fourth doth, feme in o; ther Conneries,and fome on our ownc coads,and periflinor in Winter or Summer. The Names. The Gieekescallit ;-fvV and CMufcus marinue in Latine,yet fome promifcuoufly call thefe Fucue mad rinsu ,as well as CMufcue, but Diofcaridei didinguifheth betweene them,entreating of them in two fundry Chap¬ ters,and although Pliny be incondant herein, making Mode fometimesan herbe, fometimesa (brubbe.and fome- rimes confounding both Mufcsee and Fucm together. The firfl of both forts is mentioned by Antonio Vcnati, j n bis herbationof the lie of Leo of the Venetians , and is alfo the CMufcus marinue of® iofeorsdes, according to Con . ftantmm fus more exaft conlideration.as Lugdunenfis doth relate it, and the Fucus capillaceo folia of Theophrajlus s as it is thought. The fecond is Clufiue his Mufcue marinue, which hj received from Imperatue of Naples find fenc by the name of Palmula marina , but nothing agreeing with that of Theophraflue, The third is the Fucus five AL ga tinSlaria of Lugdunenfis. The fourth is tire Mufciee marintee vireni, which Cafalpir.su calleth Mufcue marines berhaccsu mcllior. The fifth the Fucus Ferulaceue of Libel, The fixtb is his Fucus marinsee folijs eeAbrotansma. fit,whom Lugdunenfis followeth, calling it Mufcsu marinas folijs Abrstani. The leventh and thelall ate fo called by DOTi<«»j-astheirtitlesdeclare them, and the eighth is mentioned by Pona in his Italian Baldus. The Arabs, am call the Sea Mode T hahaleb and Thaleb, the Italians Mofco marina, the Spaniards Malhoejuianayerva, the French Monffedc mer, the Germasses Meermofl,tke Dutch Zee mofeh. The Vertues. Mod of thefe Sea Moffes doe binde much,and coole inflammations,and being applyed while they are frefligive much eafe to thofe are troubled with the hot Gout,they have an efpcciall property in drying,thickning,& cooling, what part fbever flandeth in neede of any of thefe qualities t both the forts of the firft, killeth W'ormes in the bo* dy,and the fecond of them isveryeff.fluall for watering red eyes, ifthe pouthermixed wirhfome Fennell Wa¬ ter be put intothem: the fame pouther taken with Vinegar dayeth vomiting, and flrengtheneth the llomacke but if the decoftion thereof in wine be injefted into the bladder by a feringe, it cleanfeth the carnofity in the* necke of the bladder and ulcers therein, prooved efteftuall tohelpe one troubled with that difeafe in a fliort time: the eighth likewile i6 faid to helpe to cleanfc foule ulcers of all forts, either inward 01 outward, bein'* made into pouther and given in wise,and clenfeth the done in the kidneyes: the vertues of the fee enth are deda- aed in the defeription. C H A F. L 11. Fucus marinus five Alga marina. Sea wrake or Sea weede. F this kinde of broader leafed Sea excreffences,that are foft and herby, fome more and fome leffe, there are many forts,as they (hall be here expreffed. i. Fucus marinus five Alga marina gramissea. Wrake or Sea weede, or Grade. The roundifhrootes hereof are hairy, and blackifh on the outfide, from whence rife up fmall and rouud Tbeatrum Botanicum. round and long white hairy heTds, breaking out at the tides as it were into branches, on thetoppes whereof (land three or foure very long and narrow toft greene leaves, tqfne being an ell or more long, and about »n inch broad this hath neither feede nor [hike,but lycth on the ground until the t.de raife it on the Water,whtch betng broken by he force of the waves, iscarryed tothe there, where it is kept for many things. y F*cmm*ri»*/cr 4 »sl»tifc(i»!. Broad and chtckc Sea Sirdle. This differeth from the former in that the roote is wholly fibrous,the (la ke riling from thence,thicke and round two or three inches high, and the leafe which is fometimes but one,and feldome two,of a very great length, even dfi er° feete or els long.and above foure inches broad,equall from a little above the fetting on to the end.but ome- vvhat waved or crumpled on the edges, being thicke and of a deepe greene colour, fofoft and moill while ,t is f re (],,that it is like unto moitl glue or gelly,and will hardly .dry unleffc it lie long in the Sunne, and will not be fit to bc’kept without rotting untill after many dayes drying. , 2. FitattmtirviHj Uttfiimo tentnfolio. Broad and thin Sea girdle. This is in all things like the lad, but that the leaves arc thinner broader and fhoiter.yct crumpled on the edges, and of a paler greene colour,and is like unto thin parchment, . a , Fucw alat&i five fhofgAttoidcs, W mged Sea girdle. This deaveth unto (tones, and thels of tithes likewife both in the deeper and lhallowcr places of the Sea, ha- vim* around darkereddith ftalke of thebigneffeof a Goofequill, which being growne to the full length is very weake,lying on the ground. unlctTc the water raife it.and an ell long: on each tide whereof groweth a wing, all the whole length of it, like unto a skinne or parchment with veines therein, which being like the feather of an arrow, is (mail below and broader above equally to the toppc.o two or three inches breadth: the leases that grow next the ground are many f and fome arefet alfo on thetlalke) of a yellower greemflt colour, andofan hand breadth,being foure, fix, or eight inches long, lither or of a skinny fubftance like unto the edict girdles : ,he ftalke doth very well rcfemblc a two edged fword: and is ufed to be dreffed and eaten by the inhabitants of the Sea coafts where it groweth after it is cleared from the skinny wings,and hath a little fv\ cete talle with the falc- nefl’c which maketh it the more acceptable. ' _ T *.-*'■ r . Fucm polyfchide r. Great Sea girdle with many Labels. The manner of growing hereof, and the ule likewife is alike with the laft, but is the greatefl of all thefe forts of Sea weedes,having a ftalke as thicke as that of Angelica, of a brownc colour like a Chefnut on the outfide, and fo are the round leaves likewife,which are three or foure cubits long,being not fo thicke as ones little finger, and ending in divers broad and ftiort skinny Labels, in like manner as the lower part of the lwords hangers, which are of a yellowifn colour. Both thefe laft forts were fent unto Bauhinw from Abcrdem in Scotland, by Dc ctor Cariillu *,and as it feemeth this and the lecond are fomewhat differing from Mr* Iohvfins figure and defeription, which containech both of them in one,yet I have thought good to give you his figure, for want of them feveiall 5 although his groweth from a roote, and this from fhe Is, &c. , 6 . Fucm marirtw fccnndiu ‘DodonFi. Narrow long and thicke Sea girdles. The roote hereof is round and fiatjfrom whence fpring two or three narrow thicke leaves, about a focteand a halfc longjdividcd into fundry flat thicke thongs like leather, fome long and dome (horter,and they againc diyi- i. Fucus mvrtnus five Al*a marina graminu. Wrake cr Sea vteede or Grafle. Fucus maximui folyfchdes. Great Sea girdles with many Label*.’ TheTheater of 'Plants. Tri b a 14. 6,7. Fucus marinur t.Vodonci. Two or three forte ot‘Sea ciioags or girdles. so. Fitcu r five Al’a Intubacca. Sea Curlii Endive. ded into fmaller ones, this hath but few or no fwolne parts thereon. But there is another of this fort that hath fiiorter and narrower leaves, the ftalkes ending all in fwolne points. 7 . Fhcm membratiaccus csranoides. Sea weede with skinny homes. This hath a (lalke little above an handbreadth long, an inch and a halfe broad, divided into fundry branches, Some broader, and others narrower,varying wonderful¬ ly, each whereof endeth in divers (hort parts, like unto fmall homes s hereof are feene divers forts, differing fometvhat,though not much one from another, and are 11 fed to take away the hurtfull longings of women with c S Cha F.52. $. Fn'cut marinui Lafluca marina diftus, Qyfter greens. 11. QperctH marina herbaeea •Varletas Sea Oake or Sea Wrake fome varieties. £3 Fucw 8, Furpk r marttintw Gallopavonis petition rtfertnt. The Peacockes Feather. This a! Co is of a skinny fubltance.fpreading it felfc by little and little wide abroad,cut into many jagges, which end in halfe circles,lying fomerimes one upon another,whereon arefetfundry (emicircular (pots, and ftroakesof divers colours,and ofdifferiflg bignefle one from another, like as is feene in the Peacockes feathers : this grow- eth r >the Rockes in the Sea : fomewhat like hereunto there isalfoa ccrcaine barke taken from Scallops, that breede on the fame llockes. p. Fttcus marinas Laftuca marina ditttts, Oyfter greene,orSea Lettice. The Oyfter greene, as all know is a foft tender herbe growing on Rockes, with thinne crumpled, and darke greeneleaves, fomewhat like unto the curld Lettice, and hath neither ftalke nor roote, butgrowingas moll of theft Sea weedcs doe,upon Rockes or Rones. l O. Fuchs five Alga Intubacea, Sea curled Endive. The Sea curld Endive,hath divers long and round leaves lying on the ground, and {hooting forth others on all fides,as it runneth thereon, fending out fmall fibres from the joynts under the leaves, which are dented round at the fidcs,making the proportion of a ragged ftaffe, as it i6 painted on every leafe. ii. Qjicrcus manna. Sea Oake, or Sea Wrake. This likewifc in the fame places, and after the fame manner groweth on the Rockes, and lycth thereon fiat; when the water is falne therefrom,fhooting forth many long Ralkes of leaves,to a great length, cut in and divi¬ ded fomewhat like unto Oaken leaves, fet here and there with blitters, as it were berries full of winde,and feme full of water,which being troden on will give a cracke,the whole herbe is of a very greene colour, foft and rough, which while it is wet is like wetskinnes, fome doe call this herie Quercw warm* baccifera , by reafon of the fmall round knots,which is like hollow berries, and iablacke being dry. Another fort is called GhrJifera ,bccaufe that being fomewhat like the other,but with fhorter leaves, and fome alfo growing from the middle ribbe,it hath no knots or bliftirs on the branches,but at the ends thicke fmall long bunches like lmall A<.tobe Alga. Thefirft of thefe is the Fucws mari- nw alter of *ZW w*** ,the Fuchs five Alga marina gramme a of called by thofeof CMompelier Palea ma¬ rina, being ufed by them both for litter for their catrlc, and for the belt fort of dung for their fieldes, but Lobel Aha Tr f b * 14. TheTbeater of Plants. CHAP.54 1295 marina, and by Baubinus Alga anguftifoliavitrariorum, the broader fort is called by Imperatw Fucusgigan, tcar, and Palmifolium gigantenm. The fecond, third, fourth, fifrh,feventh,and eighth,are fet downc by Bauhtnui in his Prodromal by the lame names in their titles,or very little differing. The fixth is likewile let downs, in the title, and is likely to be the Fucus Zofier, by Lugdunenfis to whom it doth belong, which Baribina 1 in his Fro. dromas calleth Fucks longo angtefio & cra(fo folio. The ninth is the firlt fort of Fuchs marinas by Dio/corides, and called Brpon Laducafolijs by Pliny and Label, by Mattbiolus Mufiui marinus alter. Dodoneeus called) it Fucset ma¬ rinus prior,Lrtfiunenfis Mufcus marinus Theopbraftig and by Baubinus Fucus marinas primus ‘Diofioridis CrTbeo- pkrajli. The tenth is called Fucus five Alga Intybacea by Lugdunenfis . The eleventh with the varieties thereof are mentione d by Libel and C In fins calling it Q*c rent marina, by Dodonzus and Baubinus Fucu s maritimus. The lad was fir II fet forth by flufrus under the name of Lichen mar urns, and faith he received it firft from Imperatus of Naples, by the name ol Sertnlaria, and after from ("ortufus by the nimeof Opuntia marina, and Corallina latifo- liaBaubinus calleth it Fnestsfelso rotunda inhis Prodromus, bat Fucus maritimus in his Mattbiolus. 7 be Vernas. ' ' - i f . All thekindesof W rake, faith Dio/corides and Galen, doe eoolc and dry, and is goodtoeafe the Gout, and inflammations, being ufed frclh, but •£*•«»<< correffeth the cooling word in Galen, and faith it doth better agree with ^a plants,to dry racher then to coole.by reafon of their faltneffe, which doth binde and conftraine, buenoe coole, meander m Tbenact, .commendeth the red fort ofFacsa to be good againft the venome of Serpents, and 0- ther venemous creatures. The firft fort is much uled by the Venetians inftead of hay orRratv, to packe up Glades to pre Icrve them from breaking, but at Montpelier and other places,they ufe it as litter for their horfes, and being made into compoft is exce lent good manure, to refrefh their barren or out eaten grounds: divers of the other forts are eaten as fallet heroes,as the fourth, fifth,and twelfth,the feventh as is laid, is pood to repreffe the hurtful! longings of women with childe,and Clufius faith that C.rtufiu fignified unto him that the commonpeople of Cor. fica did ufe the laft, inftead of Corallina to kill the wormes in children. 1 . Mufciu marinas fine Coratin'dalba. Common white Coralline, Chap. I.III. Mnfcus marinus CoraHina draw. Hard Sea MofTe or Coralline,' Ccording to the method before prelcribed I am in this Chapter to (hew you all thofe forts of hard Modes that are either Coralline or come necrcft to them. - 1. rJWafcus marinus five Corallina alba ejjicinarnm. Common white Coralline ' The ordinary Corallinewhichisufedin the Apothecaries fhoppes, is a fort of white hardot ftony Mofte,growing ufually on the Rocks inor necre the Sea,riling either from the flones thereof ,. o a r or from thelhels of Scallops,Oyfters,or the like, and groweth not above an handfull high, fprea’ dmg ftindty fmall branches like a greeneherbe,with divers fmall fhort leaves.Iike haires thereon, which is loft, under the water, but taken forth groweth as hard almoft as a 2 ftone. This is ourordinary Coralline, which is gathered inall cur Coafts Weftwards.and in thefe Northerne parts of Europe, as farre as 1 can learnc.but fome have affirmed that it hath beenc found fomewhat reddifh, growing npon the Corall it fclfe, vvhich is not found bnt in the deeper c 'Mediterranean Seas, on Rockes under water. , a. Aiufcus marintes niger GermaniAitfive Corallina nigra, Blacke Germane Coralline. This groweth like unto a Coralline, with branches and fine: cut leaves,but blackifh of colour, which is alort leldome heard ofbefore,and creepeth as it groweth. 3. Mufctu marinus five Corallina rtibens, Reddifh Coralline. This fort of Coralline hath no branched ftalkes like the for- 1 mer,nor f'preading much, but growing more upright, hath Jon- gcr leaves thereon then the other,as fine as Fennell,and of a red¬ difh colour. 4, Mufctu marintu latifolittt five Corallina latifolia. Broad Coralline. This broad Coralline fpreadeth leaves as it were on both fides of a middle ftalke,each whereof is broad, and parted into fun- dry divifions. 5 ■ Mufcsu marinus lerrfyifo/ius five Corallina longs. Long Coralline. This Coralline hath divers upright ftalkes fet wit b two,three ~4 or foure long leaves by fpaccs, one above another, in three or ~-j, fourerowes.each whereof is tome whac flat, and dented or cut-^r; inall along the edges, 6 . Mufctu marinusfquammatus five CoraRina fquammatd. Scaly Coralline. This fixe fort of Coralline hathfundry fprigs, with Joynts at them dike unto fcales, and fmall hairy Mofte like leaves on each Gde of thcm.being wholly white. Sffff ? at all limes ol the yeare. rhuSmir. _ r , _r . r „j rnI .(,r marmm before fet forth, both their place of bree- All thefe forts may be referred to the. - ^ ^ be callcd Cormllia* chiefly from that fort that grew upon ding and manner of growing declaring it, . Ttaioneut Lufdunenlis and others, Lobel callcthic Orail it lelfe. The firit is the » his to have re- Cornltlna. and Lugdiounfu Fuctu cupillac . ... multifiduixher The third is the Mucus marntut ceived it from the *,fciN^aSg^LltaadW. Thefotirthis ■vufarijfimutolL4'h and .‘ he ^ c . con -f/ fif ( h ; s the Cor M,n* minim* m the new Gerard, whofe delcript.on doth fromhis figure. -[he Verna. , , .. Coralline is fn a manner wholly fpent amohg ^ ^-^^^^^on^brif^vJiHr'qualf eth^his effeft Chap. LI V. Lute a. Fruticet CoruBoides five CoruUmefruticutttes. Shrub Corallines, ^ Nto the Corallines mentioned in the lad Chapter, I mud adjovne fundry Corn of wooddy, gritty or i 0 ! ftonv (Rrublike Corallines,as X may fo call them,of feverall differing matters and orm' 7 $k would place in a Chapter by themfelvcs, and neither mingle them with the former Co . , YS&wSu. with the next Corals,bec.ufe different from both. ... „ |o •Ac'i-V I. ForaBirut p-uticam ultra. The white crufted Shrub Co.alline. ^ or whhe Cmallfbut rough or rugged, Jmtddle part or heart being wooddy and bending like the branch ofa tree.yct very hard alfo. ^ { crA BinafrHtic*nirubr». Red crufled fhrub Coralline. c , rf A,\\Cn tv,- a ronlline is like the former in all thincs,favin^ that the colour hereotis m (bmcwnol.yo , ' H„orbin * e banctsTa” white,and part purpfifh. And another fort there is alfo,that.. ofa wh.tifh ;lwt^ »'•*• & forI .hin^e them both ^ . rK ar t r ct „, £ r ;« facie. Brownifh wooddy Coralline or Sea Heath. This fort alfo groweth flat like the fbrmrr,.nd from lome (fore or to . diver, fpread branches,divided againe into other fcn.1 er ones, fomew hat !>ke unto Heath, ‘P^mg : ^ yards breadth,all covered with a thinne brownifc b«ke,ind a ver y hard wo^dy l hflan e undtrre h with fm.ll knots or bunches, as if they were the buds of flowers,eafily rubbed to pouther. thtwhoiep S 4 . CortBina plumatafive MjriofhjllumTcfogium Corfu fi CfaJia. TheS.taw*i.n **?.?“! row . ct h This Sea Coralline (forfo in fubftance it is not unlike, and Car tufa; found tjweffeflstob ) g ^ T a I BE 14. The Theater of '‘Plants. Chap,54. 1297 i,2. CmaHinaJtutUans alba velrubra. The whke or red crufted ftrub CorrlUno. (lot as the former, from fome done or fhcll, butoutofthe ground in the Sta, from a roote fattened therein, with very hairy fibres, growing up withaflender llalke, ("a sC/upus ghefted by che fight of the figure about a cubits height) w hich did fend forth branches of long leaves, very finely cut into many long parts on both tides and bending the toppedowne- wards.very like to the branches of the Date tree, or as I may fay, untoa Feather, of a paleor wbicifh colour: theupper leaves are (mailer then the lower,elfe alike,and the toppe of theflalkeendeth in accrtaine head, compoled as it were of of many feales wherein is no feedc, theie feales being as it were young plants, which falling to the bottome of the wa¬ ter,take roote therein, and grow up like the mother plant, this while it growefh in the water, or is frcfh new taken forth is tender and pliant to bee bended any way, but when it is dry it is as hard as Coralline or Glaflc/ and as brit¬ tle. 5. Coralline alba r.odofa. The knotted white Coralline or Barbary Feather. The (talke hereof is a (oote high,white, hard, and wood- dy, covered with a rugged white barke, having fundry Straight but weake branches, ifi'uingou on all fides without order,three or foure inches long apeece and fome parted in¬ to Idler onesjofnoc ahove an inch long, on each ftalke there lland di vers, even thirty or forty (mall knots or buttons, for the mod part bored through, compoled of two halfeciicles compalling it round about: this was brought out of Barba¬ ry tj AfarceUcs and there worne in hats IikeTearhers. 6. Co albna rugofa duplex & alia minus rugofa. Two forts of rough Coraline and a fmooth. The one of thefe is of a hard wooddy lubftance, without coare or heart, ofabrownifii colqur, crulled over with a rough knotted or bunched coate or barke, of an afh colour which is brittle, eafie to be rubbed to pouther, from whence fprirrg crooked or bending fialks and frnaller branches from them, all of them crulled and - ’ ■ bunched rough, as the (lalkeand ending in a blunt poinr, or end, Another isboth whiterand fmoo- ther, butelfe not like it in ftalkes and branches. There is another a’fo whole crufted coatc is pale yellow. 7, Coradina reticulata plana pttrpurafcens . The red Sea Fanne. This pleafant and delight full Sea plant is of divers fifes fome greater and other Ieffcr, yet all of growing fiat like a fanneor large i.afe with fundry greater bran¬ ches Threading on both fides of the maine ftemme.and they again into fmailer and fmaltbr, ending in very fine and finail points, yet all of them /oyned clofe together, fa that there is no reparation of branches one from another, but i: nS^St * ",«• Cy« fome forts have beene feene that have had iubftance, eafie to be cut with a k nife of a brownifhr h' 0 *! U1IC0 ^ oI “> of 3 very hard and wooddy matter or fotnewhat bended, and csvered.im^mypdac^'infomemorenr^# 11 ^! 1 0t b3 j d to break e, although it may bee taken out of che Sea,or before it be mbbed^ifo handlfnl n ffe ( bU - P eudv ^ ,ure »» over, when it is fir ft to the Rockes.which the Seas uoe over oft™ time r § Car I ya Sf^'y lch a whirifh ftltnefiV. This groweth Bermuda ffi es , compareth ft to a vL P lei, 9 a P c T e { m ' th in JBooke of the plants growing in the hath beene brought both from the Eaft and Weft Wie^touV ” ‘ ^ ^ U h£fe dld,ancl ca,,ed ic t[,e Feather. It For iomeliLifeffeu^Saft^entfoned pforfant’lFanne'fth Sc !^f S W S “ FanRes of of grow co a mans he.ghtfrom theRockes"'^ t^^and'umen *? ad/oyncrwoothcrs;each where- is branched as it were in one or two places/thac is hatha dragge for Corali: the one of them * in WbultMkEnHtuk. He dih like wooddy Coralline. 1298 Chap.^ 4 - T heatrum Botanicmi. 1 R 1 B H 14. ' 4 . CvalliM fiv-.«wrofJ\ , jp/tr, one f.'ftulous or (tenter lwc a pipe,with many branches called ('oratliam album fifiuhjfum. Another is bunched out withltnots line waits ai. d fpotted wkhM^MedCoralliumverrucafumfunButum. A third hachmarkcs like llaircs, let on all the branthc, a nd is oh wo forts both a greater and a leffer.called Album ftellatum. K fourth hathct'rtaine divifions theiem,as if they were joynts and called Corallium album articulalum, ^ 4. Cor Allium nigrum five /Intipathes. Blacke Corall. The blacke Corail groweth great below, whereitdickethtothe Rocke.fpreading into fewer branches, bataa fmooth as lfthey were pollifhed.and (Lining like Jet it felfc.There is laid to be one found that is yellow,elfe like unto the blacke. y. Coralliumnigrumhirfutum, RoughbridlyblackeCorall. This (ort is often found as tall as any man.and of a large fife in the truncke or body,having fundry blacke fprigges like rough briffles, or the aulnes of Corne (landing round about it one above another up to the coppe. ; T The Place and Time. Mod of tbefe Coralsate found about MarfeUes, and the He of Sardinia, and other places in the ^Mediterranean Sea, and feldome on this fide it, and chtir time is with the Others. The Names, K»£«a w in Greeke is lik'.wife Corallium in Latino, and fo called by all that have written of it.and ^hereto nibrumot alhnm, &c, is Let for diftinftion fake,yet the white isnpt remembredby THefcorides, Theophrafha , or i’liny, and but onely by our trioderne Writers s the blacke lorts are called Antipa- thej ,and Corallium nigrum. The lad is fet forth in the Italian IBaldo of Pontt, by 'he name ofthe fecond fortof Antipathes, or blacke hairy Corail, and is called by the F ilhers of Sardinia Sambeggia. The Venue r. All the forts of Corall doe coole and binde, yet the white is thought to be of a colder operation then the red and the blacke, to be as effeftuall to all purpofes as either of the other : but red Corall is of mod ufe, and is com¬ mended to be very c fled u all for thofe that (pit blood,or that bleede much ei- therac the mouth or nofe,or any other fluxofblood in manor woman, and being often taken in wine or other drinkedoth diminifli the fpeene, it hclpeth alfo the gonorrhea in men,and the whites in women, it likewife he!, peth them much that are troubled with the Hopping of their water, or hardly make it but by droppes, and alfo thofetbath.vetormenti.igpainesof the done in the bladder, if the poucherwhen it is burnt be taken i’ndrinke : the pouther tikenin wine, or in water ifthey have aD agne procurcth red as it is (aid : it is good to be given to thofe that have the falling fickneffe, or have crampes when it is burned and made into pouther: it d' yeth and- bindeth more then before it did : it is alfo much commended againd melancholly and fadncffe,and torefrefh and comfort the fainrtng.fpirits: it ftayeth the bleedings of the hemorrhodiall veines,and of wounds,and ofthe men- druesjcaufing alfo an eafie delivery of the birth, it alfo fadeneth loofe teeth, helpcch (ore gummes and ulcers in the mouth, and healethup foule hollow nlcers in other parts: the afhes thereof being burned, mixed with other medicines for the eyes help.eth the watering.heate and redneffe in them,by cooling and drying up the moidure in them, although Gc/cx hath made no mention of Corall in his bookeioffimple medicines, yet he appoinreth it as an ingredient into fundry medicines,that are for thofe that have the phtificke or cough of the lungs, tending cot confumprion,and that fpit blood, and that have foule running lores or ulcers,and to cleanfe Impodhumes. Chap. LVI. Alia marine plante. Other Sea Plants. Here yet remaine fome other forts of Sea plants, which are many of them of a dony fubdance,or cruded over like as if they were fo, although while they are in the water, they grow like unto trees of divers (hape6 and formes, and becaufe there is no ufe in Phyficke knowne of them, nor yet for any other purpofe then to behold thevariable workesofnatue, or rather oftheCSodof nature in the Sea, and tofeedc the uiindesof the curious, I willbebreefein them,and but onely (hew you them. • l. Abies marina. TheScaFirre. This as Clufitu hath fetitdowne (who found it on the Sea (Lore of Plunders,) growethupon Oyder or Muf¬ fed fhels, feldome above an handfull high, very neerely refembling alow or dwarfe Fure tree, with branches fee in order,being fmall and brittle.com pofed as it were of feales, tome being flat and others round compaffing the branches all about. Lobel referreth it to the Corallines,calling it CMufcm CoralloitUs alter. 2. Cuprelfus marina. The Sea Cypreffe. This alfo is fo like unto the fmall Cypreffe tree,as nothing can be more, having branches fet round butwith- out order,and riling upwards, as the lprigs of the Cypreffe doth, and with leaves thereon in the fame fo me and manner: this having becne long kept in a paper booke,and fet in water,will fpread it felfe abroad, and (hew the forme as it grew. 5. Mjrica cl- Erica marina. Sea Tamariske and Sea Heath Others alfo he faith he found growing on the like fhels, that were likefome unto Tamariske, andfomeunto Heath,being but of a fingers length, with (hort branches covered over with a hoary faltneffe of the Sea, 4. Refedamarina. Bafewilde Rocket ofthe Sea. ClaftM in his fixt booke of Exstkkes.ini fixt Chapter faith,he had this at Amjlerdam^md for the rareneffe,there fet it forth to be of a hard wooddy fubdance,cruded over with the white falcneffe of rhe Sea, being not the w hole plant,but much of the lower parts, broken away,yet containing fundry branches, covered upwards with fundry fmall rougheups or velfcls hanging downewards,of a whitifh afh colour, not much unlike unto the feede veffels lingers. Hippurtit 1502 Chap. 56. Tbeatram Botanictm. Trib e 14* 1 , 1 . AUcKir CupriJ/m marina. Sea t'irre andCyprelTc. 4. RcfcJa mriaa. Bafe wildBockcc of the Sea* 4. Hi;for tj fair a. Stony Sea Hcifeurle. 5. HipptrU faxea, Stony Sea Horfetaile. This likewise feemedtogrow to home Rocke.apeece thereof remaining to the branch that contained fundry lmall fprigges leaning or bending one way, full of knots and joynts.of a browne (hining colour, die all white cra¬ fted over withaftony matter, the middle or inner part be¬ ing wooddy. 6, Abrotoaoidet faxeajtve Abrotartifeminxftmilu plant a faxra. Stony Lavander Cotton* This is wholly of a ftony fubftance,riling up a foote high fpread into fundry branches, yet j'oyning as it were clofe together at thebottomc of them, and they againe fpread into fmallcr I prig:, which containe five or fixe, or more rowes of ihort hollow leaves like pipes, almoft like unto the leaves ofLavander Cot on,fomc part of the lower leaves being broken the upper part waj whole, being of a purplifii colour.the reft white,of a ftony fait fubftance,fhewing the originall to he the Sea. 7, Salix marina. The Sea Willow. This groweth hkewife upon Oyfter fhels or the like.rifing up with fundry (hikes, of a grayifh red colour, and fet with narrow long leaves like Willow leaves, which lye on the water, fome being fmooth, and fome a little waved or dented about the edges,among which rife alio other ftalkesbearing flowers likethofe of the Willow, with many points like the feales of the catkins,when it is ready to bloome. 8. ^Androfacc tMatthith five Cotyledon marina & Vmbilicm many,in. TheSeaNavell. I.caft this Sea plant (if you will lo call it,or w hat elfe you pleafe Jfhould be quite lelt our of this Claffis, let me thruft it in, in the end ofthis Chapter, being a fea excreffcnce, formed like lmall round fawfers, hollowifh in the middle like unto a Navel],and borne up by lmall fmooth footeftalkes about two inches long,every one by it fclfe, from fome done,or rocke.or (hell in the Sea,or fait pooles.being of a pale greenifh alh colour, while they grow u lder war. r.but afterwards grow as white almoft as Corall, or the like, and of a ftony fubftance. This is gene¬ rally called Androfacc Matthielt by divers authours: becaufe he firft fet it forth,being fent him from Pifa by Lucas Gbmur for the right, and Label lecmeth to be of the fame minde alfo, faying he can Unde no other herbe that com- meth fo ncere thereunto,calling it Cotyledon foliofum marinum & Ymbilicru marinm Monfpelienfrbm : but Cefal- pinM it feemeth gave it a truer name,calling it Punyw marinue minimur. For it can no way agree in my judgement unto the Anrlroface of Diifcorider, if we will belceve he knew the thing he wrote of, for he faith, it hath noleafe but a huske with feede in it.ar.d doth appropriate whereunto both buske and feede is good,but this plant hath ne¬ ver beene obferved to beare huske or feede,for being a ftony Sea excreffcnce, as Corall and many other the like, growing growing upon Aids hones,2cc. in the Scahowfhouldit.be expefled to lie.ire'any (eede, yet Label and others would wrcflle, curtail, and alter Dwfcorides text,to make itferve their turne.butafluredly the true j 4 tiArofe.cc, is not yet found out and made knowne for any thing that I can underhand,and therefore let Matthiohu hill have the honour of this Sea plant. The Virtues* There is nothing extant of the properties of any of the former re¬ cited plants,and tut by Label , none of this who yet would aSTimilate lome of the properties of Dbfcoridci bixsaAndroface unto this, that is, to provoke urine, andtodigeff the humours gathered to the j'oynts,. procuring pamesand aches,goutes,arid the like, vice know faith Label that this doth binde the belly.fo farre of it is from loofening it,rs forne have thought. I have knowne fomc to put tin's hone into the Vtfguen .. turn Citnxum becaufe it is called Vmbilicm marimu yet I have feene a foetthatisreddifh. 8. rtnJrofaeeMaltbitlifi vf Coty'edcn aarixa cr Vmb'iluiu mannui, ThcScaNavclI. 'll*-* ft 4 D'f'Si! Chap. Lyil. SpmgU & fpmgioj-’* plant*. Spunges and Spongious plants. i iicic Ifides the Sponges themfelres,which are of fundry differing formes and colours, there arc alfo man-' other Sea Excreffcnces, (whether I fliould call them plants or no I know not well jehat are of a Spon¬ gy lubftance, which laflly I muff bring ro your vie w. y •ApongmmarinattfmUi. Theordinary Sponges. . ’ .» ufc. unuuidi y opongC5, ordinary Spongesthac we have daily ufc of, are fome bigger others Icfler, fome round, feme fiat fome limp vpllnurrhlnMP nrliprc no!/* urtvir* rXma „I, i _11 .. i .1 . 'r r - r - & . —---&5 V * itncr, iumc rouna, iome siat, lome of a browne yellow colour, others pale yellow or almoft white, fome alfo dole and hard, others more loofc and open and (on e of a fine thinnefubftance,and others ofa courier and thicker, Bauhizw relateth that fome forts were called Hircina, another Ve/aru^notbci Rame/a fifiulafa, with divers other names, f will therefore oncly flrew vou that Sponges like othercxcrcflences are bred in the Sea,growing from fome (lone, Rocke, See. or the giQuna it lvlfcj and by the Seas operation in fome places differing from others,, brought to the forme as well as colour. r, i ( ; I'* m,t Wiic. 4 ?*f|| 1304 Chap. 57 * Theatrum Botanicnm. Trib e 14. 1 . Spongiamamaajualu. The ordinary Sea Sponger 2 , Spoxgia infundibuliforma* A Funnell UkeSpong. 4 Sfcngh raw fa alter a Anglian. Another branched E'ogUihSca Sponge. colour that it holds*, being is ill know of afoft. fubftance, neither flony, wooddy,nor herbe like: but rather like a peece of wooll or cloth fo wrought together by nature, that being full of holes, it is ready to receive and hold much water and by preflingor wringing ready to yeeld it out againe, but as 1 encteafeth in the water, it gathereth into it, or elft there ,s driven into the holes thereof divers fmall gritty (tones, which are ulually found therein, de¬ claring the breeding thereof, not to be farre from the ground, by the receipt of thefe (tones. AriftotU in his fifth bookc and itf .Chapter. debijhrta amma- aith that divers did thinke and fay in his time that Sponges had fence in them, for that (as they (ay) they would (hrinke ifanydid pluckc them, and were hard to be pulled up, and that they doe fo like wife,\yhen the (urges of the Sea would breake them off from their refidence, hut laith drtftotlc in the feme place, divers did doubt of the trueth of that relation, and thofe were they that dwelt at Toronna. I have beene bold to infertthis proore of Art- fiotlein this place,to refute the opinion of thofe that hold Sponges, and the like to be Zoophjt£ i CcnCn\ye creatures, for all though a&rmed in Anfiotles time,yet doubted of them aifo : and therefore wee that have beene better taught,and in a Schoole offarre greater knowledge, both of Divine and hu¬ mane things,may well caft of fuch fond conceits. 2, Spongia infundibiiliforma. Funnell like Sponge. This Sponge Clnfm hath fet forth to have feene cleaving to a very hard blackeftone of twelve pound weight, and was broad above and narrow be¬ low, where it crew to the (lone like unto a funcll, or to the flpwer of an herbe yet not ofaneauall height at the brims, which alfo were fo turned inwards that they fecsied to be like leaves foulded inwards. One faith Clufitu, I re¬ member I faw while I lived at (Jlfcwyc/icr,that did molt exaftly rclemblc the forme of a very large hat. S n ia The Theater of‘Planta Tribe 14 . 5 . Spongta ramofa fiftulofa Veneta. The Venetian Sea hollow Sponge* C MAP, 57. I305J Arbafcula marina fpongiofa Coralloidcr. A Spongie Corail like tree. 3. Spwgia ramo ft Britanicd. The branched Englijh S pong. ; This faith Libel I found in the lie of port W,among other Set excrements, which for fub&ance and colour, yoa would lay wtsa Sponge,butif youmarke the forme of branches in it, yon would fay it wasneere a Coralline, for it was nccre a handfull and a halfe high.fullofbliflers.foftand e>fie to be bowed any way. Some would take this to be the I fades Plocamon of T/ity.that was like unto Corail w ithout leaves, growing hard changing the co • lour to be blacke,and ready to breake if it fall, which is more likely to be the Antipaibes or blacke Corail of Dio - fioriiu, 4, Spongsofamarh* Anglic*planta nodofa. The Sagtijh (oft Sea ragged (laffe. 1 his foft Spongie plant hath beene found on our Ketstijb Sea Ihore, by Maher Ioknfon and his AlTociates, ina fimpling voyage to thole parts,and is about the thickenelfe of ones thumbs,about a foote in length.fet with many tuberous, uneven or knagged excellences on allfidcsjjke unto (hort branches, being very fappy, and of afo-f'c Spongiouslubllance.andofabrownifh yellow colour: it was not obferved growing, but broken, and among other fitch like things calf upon the (hore. 5. Spongiaramofa fijlutofa P'encta. The Venetian Sea hollow Sponge. The Venetian kinde groweth on Rockes in the Sea like other excre(fences,riftng up as it°were with (lalkes, and breaking out on all (ides into fundry fhort branches, the fubflance whereof is Spongy, and hollow, as folt at the firft,as the crumme ol bread, which may then be made into pa[fe,and afterwards being dry, may bee made into pottther. 0- Arbufcul'amarin afpongiofa Coradoides. ASpongie Corall like tree. From the largenelfe hereof Clafuss callctht'nisafhrubbeorlow tree,being three loote high, and feven inches compalfe at the bottome,which although it feemed lirme and folid,yet was but of a Spongie fubllance.and wlfte and cutting like unto dry Ginget tooth the trunck or body with the many branches thereon,were fet full ( ,f knobs the branches themfelves ending in greater, which were fpongy on the inlide.but without any feede in Lite f eming places and marked on the outfide like ftaires. The whole plant was covered with a thinne knobby icddifh barke (which colour C.lufim whofirif let it forth,doubted was not naturall, becaufe he fa w others the like which had a white coate) but ot fo fait a tafte.that the fait it feife did not exceede it. Within a while alter ( Clufsus faith) , I he fa w another which was (lx foote high or more,being wholly flat and halfe a foote broad and two inches thickc A ' Cr ‘' 1 fet with branches and knobs in the like manner. ’ The TUeOyTimcAni Names : Are Efficiently declared in their defcriptions.fo that I (hall not neede further toiinfift thereon. TheGrecians > cal1 it«=>'»©-, The Latincs Spoagia, and fodoeboth the Italians and Spaniard,, The Arabians Afera/i alhairi or . albar.Ihe French Ssvonge. The Germanes B adfcbwam, ^ Ttttt Th c op 6 Chap. 58. ‘Theatrum c Botani cum , 1 k ib e 14, SDon „ c < arc put to many ufes.buth civill .rfPhJfeZ « for fomentations or bathings, which moificned and annlvXntainc he warmth of the decoflion, much longer and ftronger then either lumen or woollen cloth : ten o wftcrinu the (tones in the Sponge arc uied by feme to be given to them that are troubled wtth the feme, totelpc tobreake i and caufe it to paffe away with the urine. The Vcn.Uan Spongieplanus lard toclenfe the face beinawafhed with a decoflion made thereof in honyed water, mdisa remedy forthem thathave eaten dangemis^fcom^ to be boyled in Vinegar and taken.-the pouthet thereof taken » wine purgerh like CW«r Tartari, and cutteth and thtnneth groffe and vifeous humours. C h a e. LVIII. Britamce Couchs Anatifcrx, Barnackles or Brant Geefe. E ~7? O finidi this Treatife of Sea plants, let me bringthisad- toi'i mirable tale of untruth toyourconfidetation.that what- ' C (oever hath formerly beene related concerning the bree- ding ol thefe Barnackles, to be from fhcls growing on trees, &c. is utterly erronious, their breeding and hat¬ ching, being found out by the ‘Dutch and others, in theii Navigati¬ ons to the Northward, as that third of the Dutch in Anno 1536. doth declare. Br ironies cmha amtifera. Birnacklcs or Brant Gecte. C H A »i L I X. Mufcw terreftris. Band Moffe. »3Sj Aving (lie wed you the Moffes and excrelfences of the Sea, let me exhibite alfo to your knowledge inthis place,and not putthem to any other, the Moffes and Mufhromes of the Land : The varie¬ ties wiiereot are many,and therfore to be divided into thofe that grow on the ground,and to thole that grow on trees and other things,of each of thefe in their order. I, Mufcw terreftris vtelgatijjimw. Our common ground Moffe. - - This common Mode that uluallygtoweth in our moift woods,and the bottomes of hils in bog- rv grounds and fhadowy ditches and places,groweth very thicke together with many (mall (ingle (hikes about a "foote lii"h fometimes, and often not above halfc the height,with a number of loft leaves like haires, growing thicke and dofc together, the toppe whereofin the hottefttime of Summer will be fomewhat round and wht- tifh,the whole tuffocke is often found differing in colour.being either grecneor reddifh,or of a whitifh yellow, it ha’th very ffiort rootes faftened in the earth. 2. Muftw terreftris vulgaris alter. Another ordinary ground Molle. This other Moffe that is more common in Germany, &c. then withus,groweth up with many branched [hikes of long winged but fhortgtecne leaves a’molf like Heath, fmooth, and loft, and not hard like heath, it fpreadethon the gronnd andri- feth not above halfc a foote high, 3 . Mufcw terreftris fcopariw. Bee feme MolTc. The Bcefome Moffe taketh the name from the manner of the growing thereof,which is, from a (mall head below, fending tip di¬ vers Alining blackifh purple ftalks of winged green rhredlike leaves about a foote high, which fpread themfelves cut broadeft in the middle,at the top whereof brea- kerh forth fometimes fmall yel- lowifh heads which fall quickely away without any feede follow¬ ing them. 1. Hu feus tcrrcfru vulgatijftmus. Our common ground Mofle. 4- Mufcw 4. Mufcut clavatuffive Lycopodium. Club Mofle,or Wolfes claw MofTe. The club Mofle runneth upon the ground to a great length,breaking into other long round branches, (hooting forth fibres into the ground as it creepeth, being made of many (hort yellowifh green hairy leaves: at the joynts of the branches grow irife-. verall places two or three fmall round and long yello with fcaly headsdike the catkins or bloomings of the Hazell tree, which as in all the other Mofles come to nothing. 5. (JMufcus denticulate major & minor. The greater and the leffer dented Mofle. Both thefe forts of Mofles grow one like unto another, but one bigger then an- other,and each of them fomewhat like un¬ to the Jaft, rooting in divers places, as it runneth on the ground : the ftalkes are as fmall as haires almoft, upon which grew the fmall leaves thickefet together, as if they were (calcs, laide dole one unto am . ether, the ends of them flicking oat like teeth, we have not feene what flower oi ilede itbeareth ifithave any. 6 . tJfaufctupertnsltw major & minor. Winged Mofle fmall and great. Both thefe Mofles alfo neede but one de~ fcripcion, not differing but in the large- ntfle,and multitude of branches,one from the otberjcrecping on the ground and roo¬ ming as they runne,whofe flalkesand fhort branches are thicke fet with fine yellow- ifh greene leaves like wings on both fides, and thereof tooke the name : thefe grow in woods as alfo upon Rockes and ftones. 7. Afufcw Jpicatut repens, Creeping Mofle with fpiked heads. Tribe 14.' 1308 Chap. 59. Tbeatram Botanicnm, ~~ ^ nu/cusparvusfielU/u, Heath Mode. \M'nor. Allti. many fine leaves dole fet together in manner ot long fpiked Mufius coniculalut- Horned Moflt. hcads.one fort being greene and another white. 8 . Afh/ciH ereEhli ramof w m.ijor. The greater branched Mode, The greater branched Mode groweth thicke and clofc to¬ gether like a turfe or tuflbeke of high gradk, whole dalkes are thieeor foure inches long, fpreading into branches of two or three inches aptece, and thofc intoothers againe, all which ai e covered with very fine haii es like leaves, among which fhoote forth (mall naked dalkes of an inch long, with fmall yellow round heads like wheate comes. There is alfo a leder hereof whofe dalkes are fhortcr and leaves fo fmall that they arc fcarfe tobedifeerned. 9. At"few parvuf flelUris. Heath Mode. t This- fmall Mode rifeth up with divers hard dalkes of fmall fhorc leaves, and at the top a many other fet thicke and round in a turfe : it groweth much on ary heathy grounds. 10. Ainfcn*ftcIUtus rofens, StarreMofle. The dalkes of this fmall Mcffe, rife fcarfe above an inch which h :ve many fmall pale greene fharpe pointed leaves, fet at the toppes of their fmall dalkes,in manner of a Rofe,fprea- ding forth like a li tie daire, this groweth upon Rockesand dones. iT. Alufciuyjxidcitw. Cup-like Mode. Theleaves of this Mode that lye like Liverwort creeping _ upon the ground,are of a whitifh yellow colour as the fmall hollow heaves like cups, that rile from them are al¬ fo. There is another fort hereof growing not on the ground as the former, but on rockesand dones whofe cups are fmaller,morc in number and not fo white. 12. Mufcw comicuUtHt . Horned Mode. This horned Mode which groweth on thofe rocky barren hills, and rocky grounds,where almod nothing will grow, rifeth out of the ground, with divers (lender weakc and fomewhat broad dalkes three or foure inches high naked and without leaves from the bottome to the toppe.but parted into fmaller branches, and they againe into letter, which are forked at the ends like unto homes of a dusky white colour. 13 , Mttfcut Tr * b s 14. The Theater of 'Plants . C h a p, 60, 1399 i 5 . Mujcus minimus terreflris. The fmalleft ground Mofle. We have a fmall kindeofMbfle (ufually growing with us not onely upon thofegrounds that a' e not flirred or turned up for two or three yeares together, but in flower pots of earth in Gardens oftentimes, especially Some that are not flirred) which is nothingelfe but a number ofgreene Short haires matting upon the ground, which in the heate of Summer, and Sometimes fooncr will fend forth fmall Short (talks an inch high with fmall ycllowilh or greenish heads on them. The Place and Time. All thefe are in a manner particularly declared where they arc molt ufually growing atfd are in their perfeftion in the Summer time. } The Names. Mofle in generall is called in Greeke < 3 pJo» and evh£x wv »W)A in the Atticke tongue Sphagnum and Bypnum, and Pliny thereupon in one place calleth it in Latme Tryon and Sphagnum, and in another place Sphagnosfive phacos five Brycnjm Latine it is ufually called Mufcw, and properly betokeneth any herbe that is compofed of haires or threds inflead of leaves. The firlt here fet forth, is the Mujcus terreflris vulgaris of Lobel, and Dodmaus, and thought by ‘Bauhinus to-be the Mufctts hortenjis of Tragus i but 1 fuppole rather his is the lad that I here fet forth in this Chap¬ ter, and none other that I know growing fo familiar in Gardens; The Second is the rJMufcut mmtanws of Tabcrfyowtitnus , and Afu[cus terreflris of Gerard, which gauhinu1 calleth Mufctts Tfenticulato futility becaufeitis very like the fmall but that it rooteth not as it lyeth: The third is the Alujcus feeparhts of Loleland others,and. Selago tertia of Thalius. The fourth is called tAiufcus clavatus by Label and Dodon£U* s Who calleth italfo LycopodiumiTragus > ATatihtolus , and others 'JMufcm terreflris, and is the Selaginis Jprcies altera of ThaliufjGefiier infratti mentis deferiptione ci\\tth {tOMufcus urflnus, and Jet it forth for C-hamapcucc Ccnfisin hi florin, but Thaiiw faith it was impofed on him by others, for Cordus fent the true ChamapeUfe ro Gefner, a little before his death, iMnguilara.iand Cafalpinus ,fay that it was of long time uled in the Shops of Italy ,&c. for true Spica Celtica: The fifth of both forts is called Mufcus terreflris by fome, and dent.icp-. latus by others,a:-d Lvfitanicus by Clufiuy, The flxth of both forts is mentioned oncly by Bauhinus in his Pinax and Prodtcmus, and fo is the fc- ventb a io : The eight is. called by Bauhinus Mujcus ramojus erettus major dr.mthor. The ninth is called by Lcbel Mufcus in cricctisprcvenitns, and by Bauhinus as it is in themk,Mufcus parvus flellaris : The renth is by Bauhi¬ nus onely called as it, is in the title, j Mu/cur flellatus rofetis ; The eleventh is the Mu fern pjxidattM alabaflriculos imitans by Lobel, the other fort whereof Bauhinus calleth Mufcus pyxiodcs faxatilu , as be did the former of Lobel „ pyxiodes terreflris : The twelfth is called Mujcus ceranoides major & miner, by Bauhinus,and no doubt is the Mnf~ cus corniculatus of Tabermontanus and Gerard, however his Corrigidor hath put: as he faith a better in the place, namely the Filix petria of Tragus, when as no other Authour doth referre it to any of the Modes, but 'Bauhinus who miftooke his reference herein, for as I Shewed in the defcription thereof among the Fearnes, that hath Spots on rhe leaves as other Fearnes and CapUlarc herbes have, which argucth it plainly to be of that family, and no Mode, and Bauhinus his defcription of his Mujcus ceranoides major, -.-doth plaincfy agree with this corniculatus. The lall although beft knewne to many,yet little regarded by moft,and not mentioned before by any except Tram £**r,ifhis be it. The Venues . All the MoJTes are fomewhat cooling and drying, and thereby flay fluxes andblecdings, thefe earth or ground Moffes, efpecially the firft and the fonrth,are held to be Angular good to hr cake the ftone, and to expell and drive it forth by urine,being boyled in wine and drunke,the herbe bruifed and boiled in water .and then applyed to any inflammations or painesrifing from a hot caufe doth allay and eafe them, and therefore many foe apply it co the hot gout,toeafe the paines thereof. The cup Mofle is Said to helpe the chincoughin children efFe&ually, if they drinke the pouther thereof for ccrtaine daies together. The club Mofle hung in a veflell of wine that hath iolt the vigour and vcrtue,fo much as is convenient Tor the bignefl'e of the veflell, is faid in Short time to recover it a- gaine, whereupon Brunfelfins called it J 'Vein kraut, the Wine herbe. Chap. LX. OWufcM herbsformis & coraSiformis, Mofles that refemble fome herbes or Corail. Here be divers other forts of Mofles that have fome refemblance, either to fome herbes or to Corail, and bccaule I thought it fitteft to ranke them together, I have as you Ice kept them out of the la£t Chapter, to infert them here into this. I. CMufcrn clavatus Cupre-fflformis. Cyprefle likeMofle. This fmall Mofle abideth alwayes greenc lending forth fundry hard branched flalkes, with very Short and thicke leaves fetled upon them, fomewhat refembling the branch of a Cj p-efle, being of a darkegreene colour,from the top whereof fometimes come forth fmall and foft fpiked heads Hand¬ ing on fmall foote flalkes: Another fomewhat like hereunto is remembred by which heenriruleth Muf- ^ fen Cuprcjfiformis ramofus,to diftinguifh it. 2. lMh/cus AbictU facie. Fir re like Mofle. The Firre like Mofle groweth clofe upon the ground, and creeping thereon with fnndry long branched Aalke'%, with fine short hayrie greene leaves, fet on both fides of the middle thereof, refembling a Firre tree branch, ^hereof it tooke the name. 5. Mufcus Filicinus. Feme like Mofle. jr - There be divers forts of this Mofle, fome bigger and fome leflerthan others, all of them rifing up with fundry ftalkesfomeblackifn, fomereddiSh, and fine leaves on them much like to Feme leaves, but in Some more finely Jagged or cut into feverall parts than in others, on the toppes of the branches of the lcSfer Sort hang fmall round pointed crooked heads, 4. MuJciu Ppljtrichoidej, Maiden haire Mofle, . There are three forts of this Moffe, the one hath many Short flalkes thicke covered with Short, but Somewhat - Ttttt 3 hard f 9 . Mo'cui CmMdu fixdiii,, Rockic Corralllikc Moifc. hard, rough, haire like leaves, the other is lcffe in each part, and the leaves notrough or hard at all: the third is the lead and the leaves fmootheft: the firfteroweth in wet wood grounds and the ether upon old walls. 5 . Mufcm fixatilu Ericoidei. Stone Heath Mode. This (mail Moffe hath many (mall hairelike leaves,next the ground like unto the common ground Mode among which rife rough flalkes an hand bredth high, in home places bare of leaves, and covered in the reft, with many fuch like fmall leaves, as are growing on the Eric* Corn, the faire heath low Pine, but without order, on the tops of each whereof ftandeth a fmall head. 6, Mufeut ttrrcflrii eorallcides ixcar.uj. Hoary Corall like Mode. This Mode is all hoary white about a foote high, whole upright branches are thicke, (olide, and not hollowi divided into many branches, each whereof is like a ftagges home, and (harpe or fmall at the ends. 7 . Mxfcw. tirrcftrii cortHndes rufcfcentilms ccrmbui. Reddifla Corail like Moffe. Among the ordinary ground Mode doth this Mode grow,and is a fine fight to behold the pale grecne ordinary Mode to grow on the ground, and this Mode being all white to grow out from among it parted like Corall into many branches hard or rough in handling, but theends or tops of them all arc of a ycllowiih or reddifh colour, like fmall hard or rough homes. 8 . Cdfufna Tribbi4> The Theater of Tlantu Cma p. 6i. 1311 8. Mufcus CtraBinus mtntanus. Mouiitiinc Coralline like Moffe. The Coralline like Moffe is a fmall low whitilhdry herbe, with fmall hollow [hikes, not ftony nor hard at all, but finely cut and divided into many parts, much refembling the true Coralline, this is often found upon dry Heath grounds. $. Mufcus Coralloidcs ftxatilis. Rockye Corall like Mofle. This groweth on the Rockie hills among other Moffes in Naples as Column* faith, whofe branches are many and each ending in a twoforked like home, fome what like the double forked home of a Stagge, being hollow and greenc without, and white within,but of an cvill earthy fent, there is an other fort of a grayifh afh colour and much lcffe than the other, growing in the fame place with the former. dutu, The P lace ind Time, The places of mod of chele are expreft in their diferiptions, and they keepe the Summer time for their fiou- riihing. The Names ', The fird is called by Tragus and Gefner in bortie Sabin* fylvefrit, and by Tbalins Selagmis Pliniane prim* frrcici for Pliny in his ay. bookeand Ii. Chapter hath thefe words, fimilis herbe: Sabine eft Celago appellate, and there- forejall doe generally hold this to be his Selago, not finding any other herbe fo neere to rcUmble it, although hee call Sabin* an herbe which is a tree, Turner and Tabermontanns call it Cbamecypariffus, and fodoth Gerard, but they did not meane I auender Cottcnjas Gerard doth, but a kinde ofMoffe, which Turr.cr fitly Englilhed Heath Cypreffe; the fecond is remembred onely by 'Bmhinns, for that of Clufiut is a Sea Plant, as is before (hewed in his place: the third is fetdowne by Tabermontanns and Gerard, but theleffer byTaubinui onely: the fourth, fifth, and fixth, and feventh, are fpoken of onely by Bauhinus, the eighth is called by Tabermontanns and Gerard Mufcus corallinm five CoraUina went ana, but yet (jerard waa much miftaken, tounderdand this of hone or Sea Coralline, which is hard like Corail: the lad is remembred by Columna in the lccond part of his minus cognitarum fiirpwm, and calleth it Litbobrjon cor alltides. The Venues, There is nothing recorded in particular of any of thefe forts of Moffes, to be available for any eriefe or difeafe. Cait. L XI. Mufcus arborcus. Tree Moffes. Here are ocher forts of Moffes which grow upon trees, which are next to be fpoken of. 1. Muf:us arboreus vulgaris & Quercinus. Common Moffe growing on other trees as well as Oakes. The ufuall Moffe that generally groweth on all trces,is nothing elfe bur a number, of haires iffuing from the bodies and branches of them, in fome fhorter in others longer, all for the mod part hoary ot of a grayifh white colour, which yeeldeth neither roote nor dalkc neither flower norfruites fome onely are found to be reddilh, and fometime blackifh, which is the word fort of all: It groweth upon fundry trees,upon the great Cedar as “Diofcorides faith, which is the bed of all other, and is very ftyecte.' the next in goodneffc (faith he ) is that which groweth on the Poplar tree, cfpecially if itbewhitcand fweete: that which groweth on the Cake, faith he, is the word : It is alfo found growing in feverall Countries on fundry ocher trees. Mat- thiolus commendcth it for the bed, the whited, and the fweeteft, that groweth on the Larch tree: others thinke that to be as good that is found upon the Pine, Pitch, or Firre trees. Clupus faith he found a kinde of afh coloured Moffe hanging downefrom the armes and boughes of the Ilex, or ever grcenc Oake, in fome places of Spain*. а. Mufcustjuercinus Foeniculaceus, Fennell-like Oake Mofle. _ This Moffe ufually groweth uptight on the bodies, and the Elder armes and branches of old Oakes and fome- times on Beeches alfo, fadening a fmall brackifh roote into their barke, and from thence fendeth foith fundry flcnder blackifh branched dalkcs about two inches, with a number of mod fine grayifh Fennell like leaves which fmellfomewhat fweete, at thecoppe vyhercofdand fmall round hollow vcffcls a little rongh or haytie about the brimmes, which quickely fall away without any leede following them. 3. Mufcus ejucrnits ftuticofus capitulis cavis. Tree Moffe with hollow heads. This tree Moffe hath dollowdalkes, with broad flat leaves, fomewhat hayrie on both edges, the heads are hoi- low, with a blackifh umbone in the middefl of them, and fometimes compaffed about with a dented verge : this hath fome fhort branches fpread divers wayes, and is wholly of a grayifh afh colour. 4. Mufcus alter epuernus latifcliuscoralloijes. Oake Moffe with broade horned leaves. This Oake Moffeisofa whiterafh colour, branching it felfe into many thicke and broad parrs, like unto the homes of a dagge, beating at the toppes of them certaine fmall veffefls of thebigneffe of (Eicers or Ciche peafon *t the bigged. This doth fometime grow luxurious fwelling greater from the bottome to the toppe, * y. Mufcus arboreal nodofus five genicuUtus. Knobbed or kneed tree Mofle. This grayifh Moffe is very frequent in Italy, hanging from the trees with a large fpread bulb of haires a foote and fometimes hade a yard long, with divers (mail knotted joynts like beads, growing upon them towards th- lowcr end, which are hollow and doe fo grow as if they were drung together,fome being lower and others Ihor- ter than the red. б , Mufctu pulmonarius five Cichen arbtrum. Tree Lungewort. This kind ofMoffe that groweth on fundry forts oftrees,efpecially Oikes^nd Beeches with broad alh coloured or grayilh tough leaves, diverfely foulded, crumpled and galhed in on the edges, and fported alfo in fome places with many (mail lpotes on the upper fide, it never was feene to beare any dalke or flower at any time. 7. Mu few y. Mufcus aridus cruftatis. Crudie dry Mode or Liverwort. This kinde alfo doth not much differ in forme or colour from the former, but in being dryer or more crudie or hard, growing oftentimes as well on trees as one the deft pales, and Ihingles of Oaken boards, as alio fortietimes upon the Hones and rockeson the ground,and fometimes alfo upon the very ordinary Moffeit lelfe, as Sir Mat- tbew Ljjlcr one o( hisMajefties Phyfitians affured me, and fent me ,fome to fee which he gathered in fvindfor Forreft. 8. CHufcus ex cranio humane. The Moffe upon dead mens Sculles. Let me here alfo adjoyne this kinde of Moffe, not having any fitter place to infert it. It is a whitifh fhort kinde of Moffe fomewhat like unto the Moffe of trees, and groweth upon the bare fealpes of men and women that have lyen long,and arc kept in Charnell houfes in divers Countries, which hach not onely beene in former times much accounted of, becaufe it is rare and hardly gotten, butin ourtimes much more fc by,to make the Vngucntum Sjmpatbcticum, which cureth wounds without locall application of falves, the competition whereof is put as a principal! ingredient, but as Crollius hath it, it fhould be taken from the (culls of thufe ihat have beene hanged or executed tor offences. .1 The place and Time. \ The firfl is found in many Forre&s and Woods in this Land, but the placesof the fecond and third are Italy, as the fourth is alfo, the reft areas ufuall to our Land as to others, hutthelafl is ofcr.er brought out of Ireland than found with us, and they are to be gathered in the Summertime. The Names. I have (he wed you before how the Greckes and Latines called the Moffes, which names indeede doe more properly belong to theie tree Moffes, .for, I cannot finde that any of the ancients made any account of the ground Moffes, or put them to any ufe, the effrabians called it Axnec and Vfnec , and by the Apothecaries Vfnea, the Ita¬ lians CMofco, the French A6>tijfe,the Germaines Mooff, and the Dutch Mofch. Thefirft here fee downc is called Mufcus arboreta and Afnfcsu rjuernsu ;by mod writers: the fecond third and fourth are remembred by Colttmna : the fifth is generally called pu/manaria by mod writers ofthis latter age (for it is thought it was nor k.iowne to the elder times J but without didinftion almod, whereby many were middled, taking one herbe for another, becaufe there are divers included under that name, and therefore Lobel to didinguifh it called it Mufcm pnlmorm- riue , and others PuImamtriafunoofa,ox Lichcuurenuf, and yet feme more properly Lichen arborum, the feverith becanle it is a dryerfubftance, is to called as it is in the title, and as I take it is Columna his Lichen Diofcoridss and Plinii altera , putting a difference betweene them, this of trees and that on the ground by thefe titles Lichen folio- fum being that of the ground, and Lichen adherens being this of the trees. T he Vertues. The Vertues that the ancients attributed unto Moffe, are wholly to be. underdood concerning thefe of trees, being cooling and binding, and partake of a digeding and mollifying quality withall, as Galen faith, Specially that of the great Ccder, for each Moffe doth much partake of the nature of the tree, from whence it is taken, as thae of '■ f i. 1 j^i4 Cm a p.62, 'Theatrum Botanicum. 1 r i b k 14. of the Oake to be more binding than thofc of the Cedar, Larche, Ivie, Pitche, and Firrc, to be more digefting andmolfifying, it is ofgoodufe andeffeftto (lay fluxes and laskcs in man or woman, as alio vomirtings and bleedings, the powder thereof to be taken in wine : The decoftion thereof alfo in wine is very good for wo¬ men to be bathed with, or to lit in that are troubled with theaboundanceof their coutfes: the fame allodrunke doihlfay the troubled ftomacke, perplexed with calling or the'hickocke, and doth alfo comfort the heart as Avicen (aith, and as Seraph faith procureth deepe lleepe, fome have thought it available for the Droplie to take the powder thereof in drinkc for fomc time together: the Oyle of Roles that hath had frefli Me lie (Ueped therein for a time, and alter boyled and applyed to the Temples and forehead , doth merveiloufiy cafe the head ache that commeth of a hot caufe, as alfo the diflrillations of hot rheume or humors to the eyes or o- ther parts : the ancients much ufed it in their oyntments, &c. againftlaflitude, and to ftrengthen and comfort the (inewes. The Lungwort is of great good ufe with many Phyfitions, to helpe the difeafes of the Lungs, and for Coughes, wheelings, and fhortneffe ofbreath, and the iheapheards alfo to their Cattle doe give it (or the famepurpofe with good liiccefle with a little fait, it is alfo very profitably put into lotions, that are taken to flay the moyll humors that flow to ulcers, and hinder their healing, as alio to wall) all other ulcers in the fecret parts otman or woman. tp. LXII. Vubelletue Lichen Jive Hepntica, Liverwort. I gattlla, the French Hepatite,the Germanes Stein Leber kraut. The Dutch Steenelop 1 rcr 1 .it. **“ “ ^ j . TheVertues. 1 v' S 3 finRUlar " ood h " be for aU the difeafcs of the Liver,both to code and cleanfe it and helnerh ,1 fretting and running fores and fcabs.&c.the name it fclfe importing fo much § ’ r,n S worm «s“ d othec Having V 16 Cm a p.63, Tbeatrum Botanicum . Tit 1 b a 14. Hiving thus pafled through the fieldes of grades, andtherockes and bogges cf Modes, let me lad of alliunne through The woods and by places of Mnfhromes,that therewith I may finifh this Claflis or Tribe: but they are of fo great variety that for methods lake,not to huddle them together,and the more orderly proceeding with the them, 1 mult diftinguifh them into two primary kindes, namely into thofe that are not dangerous, but edible, and into thole that are dangerous and poyfonous, unto the former fort bclongtth Hganckc whereof I have entrea¬ ted in the fecond Clafiis or Tribe of this wotke,and Iewes eares which fball be laft of all mentioned among the edible ones,although CHfiat numbreth it with the perilous,and unto the other pertair.eth Touchwood, which are wooddy Mb fhrotnes.andlome other that are of a fofc flony fubflance, which I fliall alio adjoyne there, being not many of them, that are fit here to be fpokenof in this place. And firlfto fpeakcof thole that are not dangerous b ll: edibb ,thit is may be eaten,and becaufe our Country neither producech much variety of good or bad, to like or "millike, our Na ion alfo not being fo addicted to the ule of them,as the Italians and other nations are, where they grow more plentifully. I will therefore but runne them over briefly, and not infift fo much on them, asin otb.r things of better rcipeft. Chap. LXIII. fungi efculenti, Holfomc Mufliromes that may be eaten. the handling of thefeMtifhromes I muff take a differing courfe, and manner then 1 have obferved Cfteg, for, net Iv, or fliall doe hereafter, for concerning P/ace,Tme,Namti and Venues. 1 willfpeakeof fo V;\w IbtS many of'them in dieir recitals, as fliall be fufficient to exprelfe whatloever is contingent unto them, gi g 1 he molt uliiall forts of Mufhromcs, have lmall Imaoth round heads,II andmg upon thick fhort (talks, and ate for the molt part white, yet in lone the upper skir.ne is bruwnidi or yellow', but generally more yellow after they have flood lone and are decaying,molt ot them are (omewhat flat and hollow underneath u'itli many lines imining direftly from the middle to the edges round about t the fubffance ofthem gemrally, is luofe and Ipongy, eaftly ycclding to be broken betweene the fingers if they be but prefled a little hard : the tafie or rellifli ol them imo doubt according to thefoile and place where they grow', tor thole that grow in the open chain pi onlieldesand mcdowes,arenotonely fafet from danger, but of better rellifh then thole of the fame kinde that grow in woods and under trees ,1 fpeake ol them that grow in cur owne Laud : agreeing with Horace in bis lecond booke and fourth Satyre,who faith, - pr.tenfibltl optima fungit Natttra eft : a/ijs male crcditur. But 1 know Clnfiui faith the Hungarians ,Germanes, and others,doe moft efteeme of thofe that grow in the woods, and chiefly of thole under the Firre trees, and next unto them,, thofe that grow under Oakes, the orde¬ ring and drilling them to be eaten is divcrfly, as eve¬ ry one pleafelh, fome boyle them and drame or prelic the water out of them, and then flicechcm, and put oyle and vinegat to them, and fome a litrle fait, or as others pleafe fugar, and fome fpice,and fo cate them cold: others put blitter, fugar and fpice, andfoeate them hot: or boyle them in tnillce or cresmc, or fat broth, others againe flice them and flrow fine flower on them, and then frv them with butter,fuct.oroyle, and fo eatc them: C Infos faith that they life, in Ger¬ many to hang them in firings, and keepe them dry, o- thers fait them and fokeepc them unttll winter, (for the bed grow up and are gathered m the fpring. and n jt in the Summer or Autumne yet it is obferved that they grow mod ina rainy fealon.and often after thun¬ der) and then diefle and eatc them. I have beene the longer in the nai ration hereof, to lave the often repe¬ tition of one and the lame thing in the red,as alio that the difference in others from this may bee the better knownc and difeerned. Mufhromcs are called in Greeke unarm, in Latme Funetts i by the Arabians Hater and Father, Thefts- ■'.tans Foaehijthc Spaniards Hongos,Cogomeloj y znd Cil * i.ergvat, the French Catnpignons, Petriont , and AFoh- teron r, the Gcrmanes properly Schvem^n d percicular- !y Hejderling, and the Dutch Campcrnoelen pfiferling . I. Some of this kinde grow bigger then others, and fome more topped or fpiting, and fome are par¬ ted as it were all over into lundry diviflons, making itfeemelikeuntoan hony combe, and therefore are called Favaginofi, but are not dangerous as Gerard faith, for putteth it as one of his principal! or ft fl kindes of edible Mufliromes,and faith it feemetb cc be that which Dalechampim calleth Spongiofm, and Fungi eftulcnli varij. Divers fun* ot edible Muiiyromes. the Tr i b i 14. Tbe Theater of Tlants. C h a f.6 3. r. p ungm fawyinofui ;. faftigUtiu 4. or bitularu. Three vf the fit ft forts of edible Mufhromes, the Italians fpongtola, and the French Aforifles t bccaxt{e the head doth well refcmble a Mulberry, and Camerarista faith are called Aferchell by the (ytrmanes,vihobe much delighted with them. а. Another kindc is more fharpe and fpiring, then in any of the reft of the edible kindes.and fmall withall. 3. Another whole outfide is of a whitifh browne colour, is more fteeplefalhioncd and bigger, and is there' fore called pyramidal*, and are as good as any of the former, being the gteateft of the fourth fort of Clujim his e- dible Mufhromes. 4 - Another fort is round,fomewhat foft and whitifh,hiving a (lit on the edges moft ufually, and are called St. Georges Mufhromes, becasifethey grow up chiefly about that time : this is the third kindc of edible Mufhromes with Clufim. S. Another is cornered either more or leffe and fome Jagged about the edges .having longer and fhorter (hikes, and fome of them fuller or lancker then others, which are often found under Elmes, and white Popler trees, and therefore called Fungus Populneus : yet Cafalpinui faith that at Turin, thofe that grow under the Poplar trees are mifliked, which thmg proveth my former affertion that the ayre and foyle bettereth many of thefe kindes. б. There is a kinde of Mufhrome called by the Srecians in former times and m(>-Z',and by Pliny Pettiest in Latine, which may be called Cup Mufhromes in Englijh. For they doe grow out of thefolid ground, where- unto they adhere fo ffrongly,that hardly without breaking they can be got up, (ticking to the earth by certaine fmall fibres,that are almoft infenfible and lpeading low upon the ground without any ftalke.into broad deepe and hollow cuplike peeces.the brims or edges whereof are either plane or crumpled, or cornered and containing ma¬ ny times within the hollowneffe,three or foure ounces of raine water, efpecially the greater of them, which by reafon of the thicke skinny or flefhy fubftance thereof corrupteth not, nor the water therein referred for a long time,being white on the outfide and reddifh within,and are found growing in the fieldes of Italy in divers places by the path wales as ( alumna faith,and certainely determineth them to be the true fete of the ancients and Pli¬ ny. Hereof like wife he faith there is another fort, which is more crumpled or divided into fundry folded parts, not elfe differing in fubftance,and are thought to be none of the pernitious forts, becaufe they are not moift or glu¬ tinous in handling, and doc not rot but endure a long time,and become wholly dry. ‘Deionaua cooke tbe Fuffe bals to be it, but erronioufly. 7- Another fort is (omewhat flat on the head,a little turned in like a Navel!, and arc of an unequill fife, bting brownifh greenifh or yellowifh coated,whereof the largeftis called the Frowcs Mufhrome, and the firft of the thirteenth fort with Clufnu. 8. Another likewife not fo flat throughout.but round in the body, and fometimes torne on the edges, of a paje browne colour,and fpotted with white: this is called tubero/us fungus. 9 . There is another called by Cordus Boleti^nd by others Fungi nemorum, which is almoft round and white, fpotted with yellowifh browne matkes,fome of them bigger then others, thofe growing under Beech trees are redder then others, whereof fome are choife in eating them,rather taking the pale then the redder. 10. Another is called Capreolini, differing not much from fome of the laft, but in being yellower above, and browner underneath,being the twelfth with Cluftus. rr. Acother fort gtoweth in woods about the beginning of Summer,and for theit rednefl'e above are called red Mufhromes,although both the ftilke and the under part be not fo full offtripes. 1 a. A twelfth fort 7 Vtfgw calleth vulgares Amanita veTBoleti, and are called the moft common alfoby Label and others. ’ 13. Another fort being round and a little flat above, are all hairy,and of a blulh colour, and are therefore called viHoji or hirfuti cervini Fungi-, and fome of them will be blackifh alfo, fome alio will grow two together. T4. Another is leffe hairy, but other wife much like the laft, whereof fome are mixed with white, pale, and browne,and fome are fmoocty withall, with many blackifh purple lines underneath, and are called Firre Mu£h- romes,becaufe they aiwaies grow in the Firre tree woods. 15. There is another which is called the Goates hoofe,becanfe it is cut in on the edges intofuch parts, that it very well refembleth it,being browne above,and white underneath, and more torne on the edges when ’it arow- eth old,then while it is young and new fprung up. n b 16. Another fort hath the ftalke fometimes bigger in the lower part .then the upper bole is, and is much difeo- lonred with blew,greene, and browne,or in fome yellowifh.the upper part of the bole being browne and with¬ out any lines underneath, fWwthinkctb that this fcrt commeth neere[\ unto the Amamta of Paulut o£ginet*. Vuguu 17, There Ch A P.65 > Theatrnm c Botanieum. RIBI 14. 6 . Fungi Pe^ka. a*. Fungus Dip facades* Teafdl MuQirome. 17 : There are two other forts offo delicate a tafte that they are earen raw, the one is flat at the head, and of a reddifh colour,giving a lweetcmilkc when it is broken,and is thefixth fort of Tragus, the oilier is great, whire and round,fmelling very fweete and called Richionc ,as Baptifta Porta faith,that is,t ! e King of Mufhromes.and for the pleafant tafte may be given to the (icke without danger. 1 8. Then there is one which Crf/W/u»M* calIethZ*«£#rf, growing on the bodies of Chcfnut trees, whofc ftalke isnotfo red as of the true fio/ffw^andche head isfomewhac red. 1 9 - And then there is the true Boletus of the ancients,which is of fo delicate a tafte, tharjthey that are accufto- med to the feeding on Mufhromes, defire them more then any,and can never be fatisfted with them, which Clau- mw Cifar found to his coft, being killed wkh them ; they are as white as an egge, and of the fame ferme when they they firftfpringup,bnt after two or three dayes the white skinne or coate breaketh above and fheweth yellow, like the yolke of an egge,which then groweth greater,and into the forme of a Mulhrome (the white skinne fal¬ ling away by little ami little)being ray fed fomewhat higher in the middle, and of fo gold a yellow colour, that it leemeth deeper coloured then the faffron it felfe, and leffe yellow underneath, with as many lines as in other Mn(hromes,the (ialkc likewile is yellow and an inch thicke.when it groweth old it breakf th into three or fnnrc parts,and loofeth the frefh colour above,becomming more pale,and underneath almoft white: thefe being • fed and ferved as a difh to the table where Clufini was, leemcdunto him to be coloured with Saffron. ao. There is fome that are called Torcim or Suilli, Swines Mufhromes, which are (omewnat pointed, and oS a fmokic colour,(potted with white fpots,and underneath with blackifli lines,the upper part in fome will be red bazCafa/pinm faith that thofe which werecalled/»iffior/wn'»» with them, were of a brownilh yellow above, and of an afh colour underneath. 21. Then are there fuch which thofe of Naples call ('tmociclk ,as Baptifia Porta faith, and peradventure may be thofe that Cafalpinm faith were called Scarogia,growing in medowes, the head being broad, and the ftalke very long and of divers colours,this with C/ufim is his eighteenth. 2 2, Another fort is called Querdnut dipfacoidesby Columxa. The head hereof is white, and like unto the ordi¬ nary fort for forme,but that the toppeis browne,and groweth to be (potted, but the chieleft matter of difference is in the ftalke, which hath about the middle of it,or higher.a cettaine hollow difh, like as the Tcafel! feemeth to have,being rough and browne, about the brimmes: the lower part of the ftalke is as it were knobbed.and black- ifh next to the ground, with fome hairy fibres thereat it groweth among Oakes, this may be called theTeafel! orBafon Mufhrome. a;. There is another that groweth on the Larche tree,betides the Agaricke, which is of an huge fife, contai-' ning thirty pound in weight as Matthiolm laith,and is of a gold yellow colour, fomewhat torne about the edges, and is mold pleafant. 24. Then is there another called acta or pipcritii, and peradventure may be that which Cordut on Diofcoride; rallcth Piperij fapore ,being a white Mufhrome,and tailing fliarpe and hot like prpper. 25. There is another fort which Cafalpimu faith the vulgar people called Trr.nuli , being very (mail ofan afh colour,and very fweetc in fent. 25 . Another is branched and is the nineteenth with Clufim, being in fome ydIow,in others reddifh, and mo¬ thers of a pale white.which they call the Goates bcarde.and adde their colour,the moll confpicuous is that which is yellow and fpotced with white fpots ,Clufuu faith that thefe are fome what like thofe Mulhrames that Baytijfa Porta faith, were brought from mount Gargmwt, like young Afparagus buds, and then breaking out into bran¬ ches. 27. There are two other forts called D igitattu major & minor, and Digit t Uibj thz Italians being of a large fife,' and parted as it were into long white fingers,one whereof will fuifice a man at a meale. 28. Then is there a monftrous great kinde growing in Hungary, being of two foote in breadth, having many large torne leaves like feales lying upon it,and fafbioned like an Oaken leafe, fome of them of a dai ke red and fome ofa blackifh white colour,with many blacke fpots in the white, the ftalke is halfe a foote highland an hand- bredth and a halfe in thickencffe.C/Kfiw thinketh this to be that mulhrome which Taptifia Porta faith the 'Nja- po/itanes call Gallinacia ,being of fo large a file that it doth weigh fourelcore pound, and that one will latisfie a f rear family.ffardwiw referred) it to the Fmgtu Lcporimu of ClufKu, which ishis fourteenth, C/ufius faith hee at!] feene in Hungary thofe that have beene fo great, that one might well fuifice foure men at a meale 2 9 - There is alfo one that is very fmall and a little long, formed like unto a tooth, and therefore called Den. tatter, 20. There is yet another kinde of mufhrome (for fo it may moft fitly be termed, and not rootes.as feme would make them to be) that groweth not out or above the ground,as all the former forts doe, but within or under the upper cruft thcreof,callcd in Grcekc either uiJVoy and UPvaab imbribue, or oiJ'raab bttmore , in Latine Taker and T‘tbtra {or Tubera terra to diftinguifh it from Tuber arbor) in the Arabian tongue Ramecb Alchamech, Turner & Ktma, in I taliuu Tartuffi and Tartufole , in Spanifi Tmmat de tierrajn French Truffei and Trufflet, in the Germane VHlHiU 2 tongus i ' ’The a trim ‘ Botanicam. cur Fuffe. tonouc Kirtz. brunfl, in Enrlijh fome call them Spmijb Fuflebals, becaufe they are fomewhat like b a u which arc nor edible, but concaine a fmoaky dull or pouther in them : hue 1 would rather call them V nder ■ eround Mufhromes, or Spmijb Trubbcs to diftinguifh them. Mtttbiolw iaith there a. c three (ores of them, (7rnentioneth two forts, one whereof is gritty betweene the teeth, and are tome bigger then a Quince and l'ome of a pound in weight, and faith, that lice knew in his time Mortim Ltcmm a Pr 2 tor and ludae at Carthage in Spuin', that bowed a penny betweene Ills teeth, that was in that bit of the Tuber that lie did eate, whereby is mamfeft that the earth did gather it within it of it ownc nature, beinga rhing not to be planted lone whofe inner pulpe or fubftance is white,another more browne,yet the batkeor outer rindeof both is blacke and full of rifts or chaps, a third fort that groweth in the coalt of Ammo ai d Trent is lefle, the bai ke fmooth and more browns, and lefle plealant in tafte or infipide.They grow as I laid under the fuperti- cics of the earth yet not cleaving thereto,cauling it fometitres tolwcll.nd lomctimes to rift and cleave, where¬ by it is difeerned whei e they grow (yet Plmy faith the contrary,and ihat they have no leede, which will prefect • ly be gainefaid)beina of a blacke or browne colour on the out fide, and of a loft white fubllancc within, having as Ichn B*ptilf* Fort* faith,under the outer skinne,certaine fmall blacke leede,likeunto the feede oftheCyprede tree w hereby it not ouelv p opagateth it felfe,where it is naturalistic as it hath becneofccn obferved, there have fomeol them growne where the parings of them bavebeene calf. For the qualitie or property of them, they hive none evident in them faith g*Un : but eAtncen faith, that they have a more earthy then watery fubftance, hveedin" erode and melancholicke humours, more then any other foode.and that they that eate much of them are liibieS to the Appoplexy.and Pallie.and befidcs are hard of dieeftion,and trouble theftomacke, whether they be rolled under embers or other wife boiled in broth, and eaten with pepper, oyle,and vinegar : Vnto P*mpbyl M 0C Diphyht ,in Athnum, therefore w e inuft not give credic herein, who faith that theie Tuber* s yeeld a good juice to the body eale the belly by expelling the excremcnts.and by breeding winde,engender luff. And againe he faith that acci taine herbe groweth above,upon that ground where che T “ber* bicedes,which he calleth t/'JVijtMo^buC what that lierbe is he hath not declared. . . , . ... LuodunenC, r faith that tJnjconia lent two forts of plants one of Sp*mt, which the Sp*ni*rds in C/i/Mrcall Tervi tirmtra ( and is the Cifhe ar.rmM, as 1 (hewed you before,) that is Tuberurt*, which peradventure may be it, for they fiippole where they dee grow the Tuber* doe breede. . . . ' Tuiemcerviit*. The Deal es underground balles or Mufhromes are another lot tot theie THbcraetj where¬ of Af/ttthiolui firft maketh mention in his third booke of Epiftles, and the laft thereof, and alter him LabeVm his T>mch Herbal!, growing underground, in the woods ofBebemi*, &c. where Dcaredoe much haunt, efpeciaily where they couple as the" 1 former do(and thought to grow of their Iperme that fallcth on ihe ground,and is but the opinion of hunters and Country people, whole lodgement in lo fccret a pecce ofnaiurall Philofophy, is not (o readily to be admitted)which are like them,being alwayes round, but uneven or rugged, whole cuter skinne rs blackifh, and the inner pulpe or fubftance whitilh : thefc be not eaten in the fame manner asthe former, thatis for meace or food,but as a med icamcnt being rut into peeces, and dryed upon firings put through them, to beu- fed upon occafion:while they ate frefluhey have a llrong and evill fent,which they loleinthediying, and areu- fed cither alone one dramme andahalle in pouther,taken with fweete wine.or with luch other things as provoke venery, as alloto increafe milkc in Nourles breads, takeninlome ptilanedrinke, and a little long pepper added thereto': the Imoake thereof when it is burned taken underneath, hclperh women troubled with the mother, and openeththe pa(Ta°es when the-,- are clofetthey arc thought alfo toexpellpoylon, and the venomeofcreatitrcs,to be taken in pure wine,and alio applyed outwardly, I much mervaile that ClnfiM having leene andfet downe fo many forts cf Mufhromes,remembred none ol theie,butl ptcl'ume chat if he had not hope of overground good,he fouahtnotforundergroundtrealuic. , Vnto theie Mufhromes may allobc adjoyned thofe which are madeby art,whereof Mutthiolm maketh menti¬ on, that grow naturally among certaine Hones in Naples, and that the flones being dinged upandcarryedto Rome, and other place-, where they let them in their wine cellars,covering them with a little earth,and Sprinkling a little warme water thereon,would within fouredayes produce Mulhiomes fic to be eaten at what time one will. As alfo that Mufliromesmay.be made to grow ac the fooce of the white Poplar tree, within fouredayes after warme water wherein fome leaves havebeene diflolvcd^allbepowred into the roote,which mull be flic,and theflocke locaufe that the edible Mufhromes may beleffe effenfive, in that many doe too greedily delire them it is held that if they be boyled with wilde pcares,they may be eaten without danger, or for want of wilde ones to take a harder or hardier fort of other pcares-, the leaves alfo and barke are conducing to that pur pole, and lots raw Gar- licke taken with Vinegar. -a. And lalfly there is the Ieweseare, called Fttngni Sambuciuui, (which I place among the edible torts,and among the venemous, asjCl»Ji<« and others doe, becaufe although it be not eaten in the lubflance as others (and yet BaptijlaPcrta namtth one 'Sa.mbucinw optimum omnium,') yet the broth is tiled alter the boy ling, as I fliill lb' w you by and by) which groweth on the Elder trees that are planted on Cony-buroughes,for their fha- dow and (belter, and not fo frequently on them in other places, being as all know fob and limber, while they are frefh,not very thickebut traniparent, and of a blackifh colour, of differing formes and r fes, for fome will bee iwo'ne or puffed up, in one place more then in another, having fome refembiance to a mans care, feme thinneon the edge,and thickein the middle,and fome ttvoor three growing together, ail of them being dryed become of a blackifh gray colour.and then may be kept a whole yeatt or mote, fate without lpoyling to be.ufcd as you ncede, for lotions for fore mouchesand throates,or when they are fwolne, to be boyled in milke, or deeped jw after him hath at. - ded more out of other Authours,which becaufe they are too numerous,and to little purpofe, times fo r me to write,or for you to read or know, feeing neither the one halfe of them are found growin" with us,nor doe we neede caution to beware of thebad.feeing our Nation is not fo cnclincd to the good, l thinke I may well fpare my paines from recounting all the fevetall varieties that they doe, and onely mention fome of the moll fpeciall with the Touchwoods, and feme cxotickes.and fo end this Claflls. 1. The firflgrowcth under Plumme trees in the be¬ ginning of the yeare of differing formes,and greatnelTe, for fome grow many together from one roote, as it were, with very little or no ffalkc at all, yet fome are round falhioned, others arc cornered, fome are larger and fmallcr then others, all of them being rnixt with white,pale yellowifh and brownc together. 1. Another becaulc it groweth among dung is called Fimetarius ,and is of a round flatneffe,fomewhat thinne whirc,and covered as it were with mcale all over, ha¬ ving browne lines underneath. 3. Another groweth under Hazell nut trees, which are fometimes ofa whitifh red,and as it were fmoaked over,round and fomewhat broad. 4. Another of a reddifhCorall likecolour, fullof round yellowifh Ipots above, and pale yellow under¬ neath,full of blackifli lines found in 5, Another is called the Toades Mufhromc, being of a wan colour, and round like an helmet, or more ycl„ lowiili but (moaky,or clfc more flat and rcddifli with fome fpots, 6 . Another is very fmall and round not exceeding the naile of ones finger reddilh above and very hollow un- derncath.this is called the Goatcs Mullirome. 7. Another is fomewhat like the true Boletm, but is FIctbaks, 9, 10.19. IXadly Mutbromrs,ibe ninth, tenth,and nineteenth of both Torts. Afu/twt parvus rlenticulalus about halfe an inch broad, fpiringalittleat thetoppe, and being of a u hitilli colour, withalongftalke, ofthe bignefle of ones little finger : this is called the foolifh or the foolcs Mufhromc. 8. Therearctwoorthreeothcrforts.thatarefaidtokillasmanyflicsaslicandfrede on them, aswellwhen they are dry as frefh,fomc of them being greater and broader then others,and fome much redder,and Spotted with white fpors all of them doe gtow in the woods that have beene feld. 9 - In the like woods are found other forts about Augufi ,one whofeftalke is bigger below then above, and the he ad prtoppe round and pale whitifh, but no bigger then the bortome ofthe (hike. ■ 10, Another fort is much frequent with us, and is of a blackifh colour much rent or tome on the edges, and hanging Ianke about a fmall long ffalkc. 1 r. There is another kinde which is Clnfus his nineteenth,and is ofdivers forts, which becaule they are fo like ■ unto fome of the edible forts, deceive many that gather them, and are-often a fpeedy death to them that cate them, whereof fome are reafonable fmall, others very large, and molt of them of fome bcautifull afpeft, either Vuuuu 3 .. - whirifii Tbeatrnm Botanieum, 2,22 ChAP.6 ’4, whitifh or reddifh.or more red and fmoaked over. 12. Another for: growing under the Firretrecs, that is fo like unto them that grow'tbcre likewile and may be ea¬ ten, that they know no other difference but that tbefe are hairy underneath,for which caufc they are refufed. i ? . There is a kinde which is called Phallus Hallandicus by Hadrianm Imius, and rnay bee called the HoUmders workingtoole.which at the firlt rifingnp of it,is fomewhat round.but the skinne breaking, there rifethupaftalkeof thethickeneffeof ones thumbe, and of a fingers length, fomewhat like a dogges pricke, having a nu: or cappe on the toppe.an inch thicke, of a blackifh greene colour at the firft.and after blacker, with certaine cclles or hollow pla¬ ces in it: the lower part or purfc from whence the ftalke rifeth, is of an ajhcolonr, ar.d fometimes browniiii, the lialke atthe firflis white,but afterwards of divers colours, and fpotted,this fort (linketh at the bed, but withoring,is turned into a moil! blackneffe, colouring the very ground whereon it falleth : Flies are killed that fit and feede here¬ on, this is Clnfins his defcription of the fifth fort, of his three and twentieth kinde, which as hee faith doth come mere unto that which Hadriauus Junius reporteth to be much found 0 1 the Holloni-rs fttr.dry Sea Qiores, and al¬ though their figures be fomewhat differing one from an¬ other, yet finely they hothexpreffebutone thing. 14.. On fome Cherry trees that begin to pntrefie, fome¬ times groweth a kinde,riling many together, laid flatone uponano'her, about an inch or more broad below, and fpreading to bee three or foure inches above, and about lialfea forte high, being of divers colours atthetoppes, the edges being of a deepe red colour, with a mealy white lid about; the lower part for an inches breadth upwards is pale whitifh, up higher being yellow and red mixed to- 14 . Fungus imbrkatimdjfpofitxs verfico!or» The loutded changeable Miilhromc. T r 1 b k 14. 13. TbaUus Holianditus. The Hollanders Workingtoole. jo. Fungus Ccralloidts (avccjlatus Cluftjfrve Lufs credit us e filareftern Column*. A deadly flinking Mu Ibrbai^thoughfinely branched. £ethcr,croflirg it athwarr, then yeUowifh,and above it red and yellow mixed againe, 2nd then yellow ro the ve- ■.yedge, but fpotted with divers fmoaky fpots and pale or yellowifli underneath. This although it be deadly to men .yet is given cattle with their fodder, dryed and made into panther falely. 15. Then is there ajiother large round & wbiti/h one,as ful of black lines/from the center to the cvcunTejercc above and below but that thole above arc greater,and not Ihiaig-ht as thofe below and a little waved,the edge alio being finely dented about, ' Anot ^ cr blacke chcfnut colour, but not^rp'dTbjte^ 0 ' denteain tlicl,ke manner, about the edges, andof figge, havingMteed wkhk’iSwhkh wt font unraC/^w try hhlk.H ' e,rth * fma “ md like a P»* which turned up™ 0thErS 3re Uke brla,1Cffe haK ’ many gr0Win3 t0 S etller a "d fc«* broade like (Held,, their brimmes Wh \ C, ?r which hath a open,divcrs reddifh branches doe arife out the’reof which doe all ;„„T 3t ^ firi *’ .w hlch afterwards breaking netted barres, or lattefles as it were feperated one from the nrh r h' V to jj ecflcr ’ makinground arches of hollow meth the name, and is much devoured by flyes that eate it h ' hl3 hath 3 my ftlnk,n S favour . whereof com- anddeUghcr U lk 0 !our^wbah" e c^f^cl^^^b» 1 n|e r ^. t ^'' li0 j' : ' ,pon ? n ' ,ther of -cryvarOble r. i '*i kjji:. 1324- Chap. 64 . Tbeatrum 'Botankum. T R I B E 14. ^if^heTwere^nid^FparefilwT^hcyvvercniiningw/ithall, this hath oftentimes no ftalke, or but of halfe :Si s&sssassu. %»^k- ij . There hath been gumnti Marfh called »^rW»f,thc italke whereof is like untoother Mulh- tala is made of Lies,like unto an Artichocke of a faint yelbwilh coloured may be called Aug* C 'irmTouehwtd»reXw^ kindes ofMuIhromes which grow harder than the others, and ate of a dry r ■ 16 ri mole fnhftance on che infide, chat may be cut or broken into fcverall peeces,having a hard or wood- fungous or Ipungie { d iff cr i n g formes and colours, fome being very great, and flat at the head, and dy cruft on the a “ lfidc> , h 0 f a brownilh yellow colour, and fuchbe they which LoM compareth to Agt- Hck ^VnTar^nctor twice'botled in lye, made 1 with wood allies, and being afterwards dryed, are kept broken into peeces, ["'[‘"I' 0 L^^me of a ftony fabftance, whereof fome arc of a round forme, very neerc unto an a 7 . And laftly e ^ a • i(h b f Jcke coloU r, full of white lines and (hakes, on the upper fide, embow- ing aTitde^from the middle to the edge, and with many lines likewife underneath, but not palling above halls way from the edge to the1 middle. about three inches and a halfe all whitifh.and full of deeps linw" fmne w^cemboweul from the Center to the circumference, where it is finely dented like a faw,the under- lines, lomew buc n ia u ower , browner, and varioufly bending. part is alfo folio ft S ® ’ w j t h the roundneffe, and hollow in the middle, the edges being cut in halfe 29 't U^VfnSt^ndends like unto fome flower, defending thence fmaller unto the ftalke. way almoft an At«ricks found in hollow places of the hills in Helvetia and called by Ce/mr Agaruu 1 ° by the Country people U, Lma ,whofe fubftance is white and frothy Z Arris halfe a foote long and two inches broad, channelled or guttered, and fomewhat rough onthe up^pVt part and full ol drakes underneath, tunning cwowayes acroflc the whole, being in forme like unto a neates tongue! ^ ratb „ p 0 ift or FLft balls, taken from the (Jermaine word Tift ejuedcrepitnmfimficat, called • 3 r 2 Tu.am miAtu or OrbicnUru hpi crepitm, and Lucermre-.m fungi of fome (and taken by 'Dodontu, to be l p p iLi as I lav’d before, but CV«mx«hath fitft fee forth the;rue lore of it, whereof I gave you the figure £< f n' f t, thou reafon the Lutcrnatnm fungi being the fmall peeces of the Weeke or Cotten, that lyeth in before) but wit iV; c ki n ° foreh, trouble the butninq thereof, which affuredly VtrgiU meant bytholePa- the Oylctn Lamp Lampes, 3 as his verfes in his fitft of Georgickes doe expreffeand not thefe Fufl'e balls al- ‘u"brirJd would fo intmc it, becaufe in divers Countries of this hand thcynfc to carry fire in them from though Grand would 10 mtetr ^ They >[e of feverall fizes , fo me of the bigneffe of a ball or balloonc then houles.dift | ° V d f h hiti(h at tbe ir fitft nfing, but growing in time to be of a dus- ora childeshcad more or leue, ° q( the oWfid and growing on the ground mod ufually in the dryer fidds° and feldome m the moyfter ( which while they are young and white, as C/ufitt faith he and others of hia rI being children, would in fport throw one ac another) conteimng within that outer sk.nne certainVduft cm powder, which if by the breaking or treading on fhould Aye up into the eyes, would trouble them fhrcwdW, if not goe necre to blind them: yet ferve to many good ules, Country Chi, urg.onsufing often o tnemttircwaiy, B_h eedins in wounds or otherw.fe, andthe Country people ft”'Ulun'the'lkinn^of them'to ferve them!to (launch Weeding in wound’s or otherwife, and the Country people witlfthe powder doc dry up kibed heeles, and the fretting of the sk.nne in any place of the bodie, as alfc to hold fire as I laydbefore, and With the fmoake of them being fet on hie to drive as they call it their fwarmes of B Thns have! (hewed vou all the kindes and forts of thefe Mufhromes, both who! fome and dangerous, that , r “„„ , dd ifted to the delight of them,may take heede in timeupon this admonition, that although many Wh °h fnnnd nf a olealant and delightfull fliew in our owne Country as well as in others, yet the danger is fo «eat b ve f a of d thcbcft, that many upon furfets by over eating of them have dyed Tcmed.leflc, and therefore it is not good to licke your honey from fuch thorncs. MISCE- cs? SCEL.ANE THE VNORDERED TRIBE CLASSIS DECIMAQV {NTAo THE FIFTEENTH TT^IE E. chap. i. ^ T*L C - as ln f S^ering Campe I mull take up all thofe ftraglers, that have d- therlcfttheir rankes, or were not placed in fome of the foregoing orders, that fol mav nrWM-wfhpm frrvm InlT- "nogr-- 1 *- .1 • a r --— - ™^ pidtca in tome or tne roregoing orders, that lol may prelerve them from Ioffe, and apply them to fomc convenient fervicc for the workc. Cjramen Eiucantbs- Gramen Leucanthemxn. mum, Stichworc. Although Stichworc is called G TW;;, yetic much diffireth informe x g fromthem, and there¬ fore not fit to have beene there in'ferted, whereof there are two principal! (arts,a greater and a leffer or an earlier, and later, but in each of them there are alio fome fmall diverfities, as flialLbe prefent- ly fliewed. r, G rumen LeHcanthcmnm wa/.rj. The greater StichworE. The greater Stichworc hath lundry round (len¬ der flalkes, riling from the roote, fcarfe able to fuhaine themfclves, but by the helpe ofthe hedges or other things that grow neere it, being full of joynts, witb.two fmall Lang hard rough and poin¬ ted leaves at each of .them, at the tnppes whereof hand many fmall flowers, cbmpgfed of whice leaves, handing like a ftarre, with (ome white threads in the middle, the roote runneth or cree- peth in the ground all about, witl_i many fmall fi¬ bers thereat. Of thi« fort there hath beene fome varieties obferved, partly in the fta'Ikes and leaves being in fome higher or greater than others, and in the flowers likewife, being larger or leffer, and inthethredsinrhe middle,, fome being paler or redder than others. a. Grdmfn Gettcantbemummajm, The leffer Stichwort, Th'is letter groweth like unto the former, and differeth onely in being leffer, f^ic leaves (hortcr and the flowers fmalier, whereof eafch Icafe divi¬ ded as it were into two^ fnaketh it feemc to have Farietas . I heatrum Botanicam» R IBE more leaves then the former,the fecde of them both islmall and fomewhat likeunro Linfeede contained in rou r d ^This alfo is found to have Torre divcrfity both in the ftalks growing more upright.or elfe lying upon the ground, and al lo in the flowers, fome having the white threds in the middle tips with blacke, that it maketh the whole flower feeme to be blacke or e'le with pale yellow. The Place andTime. The firfl fort groweth more ufually under hedges, and upon dry bankes of ditches or the like, and flowreth a monech earlier then the other,that is in April!,the other is more common in the fields of Corne, and clfewhere in the more open and champion grounds,and flowreth not untill Map or line. The Names. 7>««JcalUth ' K Eafiafiagramen,and Lrmkerw Etifrafia major. Camcranm Gramm fioridum, Mattthiolm Gra¬ mm alteram, Fttch/iw/Dodtm.eM and others, Gramm Lettcanthemum. Dodonsm and Label call it Holoftium Rttelhj, who took it to be the Helefiium of ‘Diofcorides,‘Dotbms:m alfo referreth it to the C r,i taegontm of Dtofeorides, which lie faith was alfo called Melampjrt Ehave in our Corne fieldes in this Land,two forts of Corne Violets a greater and alcffe which thall V be (hewed to you in this Chapter. I. Speculum Veneris majut. The greater Corne Violet. The greater of thefe Violets hath fundry (lender wcakc trayling dalkes, lying on the ground, and rifing from the rootc, divided and fubdivided from every joynt into branches fo plentifully,that one plant growing in a good Garden ground,will be hardly covered with a pecke meafure, thicke fet without order with (mail and fomewhat long leaves,(lightly dented or rather waved on the edges, at every lcafe from the mid¬ dle upward, commeth forth aflower,of thebignefle of a two pence, fo (that five hundred flowers almof! will be feene open at once.a goodly fpeftacle) fet in a fine pointed greene huske.of a faire purplifh blew colour, made of one whole leafe, plaited into five round pointed ends, white at thebotrome, with a white pointell in the mid¬ dle,doling up every night,and opening in the day onc(y,thc feed isyellow,and contained in fmall long heads,the roote is fmall threddy.and annuall. a. Speculum Veneris minus, The leffer Come Violet. The leffer fott groweth more upright like unto the little Centory,with differ and fewer branches, more harfh or rough alfo in handling,the leaves are like unto the former but (omewhat leffe.at each Joynt almoft come forth two or three flowers, danding at the ends of long cods like unto Lyfimachia jjliquoja, of the fame fafUon and co¬ lour as the former,but fo fmall as the eye of a little bird,never rifing above the huske it danderh in, and not but in the fieate of the day to be feene, which then onely laycth it felfe open,the (cede is fmall and yellow as the former, the roote is fmall and annuall alfo. 7 be Place and Time . The firft groweth in the Corne fields,betweene Grccncbithc and Hartford in Ken t, as alfo In the Come fields a-’ bout Tidy, a towne in the uttermod part of Hartfordjbire,towards 3edford,thet other about Hattfield, and in lun- dry other places in this land, being more frequent by much,and flower from Midlommer untill the end of Attgufb almodjthc feede ripening in the mcanc time. * Tbe Name], WehavenotunderdoodasyetbyanythatthelefTerforthathbeenc obferved by any Authourbeyondfeabuc onely the former,which is called Ontbryehis and Campanula arvenfitby Dodonaut and Lugdunenfis, and Onetrychib alter a Bclgarum by Label, Viola anonymos inodora by Gefncr, and Viola arvenfis,and Viola Bantagenia by Tabermon - lAvxqbut speculum Ifrrcru by Gerard, from the Hutches Vrotren fpiegcl^hidi is i Venus looking Glaffe in BngliJB, i. Speculum Ijtntik majus. The greater "Corne Violets 2. Speculum Fexeris mmm. The leffer Corne Violft. Theatrttm Botameum, 1532 Vaiieias. jiluftc- ctes. Cm AP.5. Tribi 15. bat bcciufe it ulually groweth in Come fields, and that fome have called it aViolct, I have thought it fitted to terme it a Corne Violet.which if any lift to alter they may at their plealure. The Vcrtttcs. We hive notunderftood that any hath made triall what vermes it is endued withall, and therefore I can fay no more thereof. Chai, V- ‘PoljgaU. Milkewort. 3F this Milkewort befides that there is a greater and a lefl'er kinde, and each of much variety in the co- I lour of the flowers, there are fome other plants fomewhat relemblingthem, which muft be entrea- ited of together. I. PoljgaUmajtr. The greater Milkewort. This g: eater kinde (hooteth from the roote five or fixe hard, (lender, and flexible (hikes, a foote hi"hor more, thicke fit with fomewhat long and narrow leaves like thole ot Diers weede : the (lowers grow acthe toppes in a long (pike thicke together, fomewhat like to thofe of Fumiterry, butlargerand ofafine de¬ layed reddifh purple colour and fliining withall, after which follow flat pouches, with two feedcsin them ufu- ally which are long blackifh and hairy: the roote is hard and wooddy, with divers fibres thereat, and abideth long. This hath beene found to vary, the colour of the flower, efpecially inftiadowy and mold placet, tobeci- ther blew or white,or mixed as the fmaller kinde is. 2. Foiygala minor. The leflcT Milkewort. The leffer kinde groweth in all things like the former,but with low er and (tenderer fialkes, yet fomewhat hard or wooddy, not (o many rifing from a roote and with fewer and fmaller leaves on them : the flowers alfoarea- like but (mailer and vary as much or rather more in their colour, fome being of a blewifh purple, others purple and white, fome all white,other reddifh or ot a wan colour, or overwome red, Sec. There is alfo another (ort hereof whole lower leaves that (pread on the ground are many, and rounder then in any of the former, but thofe that grow on the Italkes are long like the reft, the flowers whereof are onely blew, without mixture or var riation. $. VtljgtiA MmfytUkca. Milkewort of Mnmpnier. This French Milkewort hath upright ftalkesa foote high, many riling from a (mall long white roote, with fun- dry longer and narrower leaves on them fet without order : the flowers grow one above another,in longer (pikes then in the other (mailer, and not fully like the other, but of a reddifh colour, the fcedetlapt followeth islmall contained in long cornered huskes. I. Vuiygale major. a. Toljgala minor. Thcgre.ucr MilkcWort. TheVcflcr Milk'cwoic. Tribe 15. The Theater 0/Tlants. Chat, 6. 1333 4. T.olygala repens. Creeping Milkewort. This fmall Milkewoit hath a number of flalkes, fall of branches lying and fpreading on the ground, not above a fpan long,(ec thickc by couples wiih very (mall leaves like Herniaria Rupturewort: the flowers are of a whitifh co¬ lour, (landing among the leaves at the toppcs in wharles cotnpafling the Italics one above another. y. PolygaU affinis. Ballard Milkewort. Thisfmall plant fpreadeth many weakc (lender round flalkes upon the ground a (panne long or more, fet with fundry fmall leaves without order, in falhion (omewhat like unto Mirtle leaves, but not fo ranch pointed,the flow¬ ers are very beautifull, (landing in a (mall fpike one above another.with leaves amongftthem, confiding of fixe leaves of a fine bright (hining purple colour, the feede is (mall, contained in (mall huakes: the roote is made of final! long and white fibres. The Place and Tim'. The ficflkinde groweth not in our Country that lean heart of,but in Auftria,Germany ,and the parts thereabouts, found our by Clupus. The fecondis frequent with us, as well in barren and unfilled places, heathes and the like, as in fertile and padure grounds, yet there it will be more fiefh and large. The third about Alcmpelitr, and fo doth the fourth and lad.,and in other places in France not farre of. They all flower in the beginning or middle of May, and continue flowring amoneth, and perfefl their feede pre- (ently alter. The Names. The name Toly gala or Polygalon as Tracts* doth call ir,i; impofedon thefepiants, upon fuppofall that they arethe Polygala of ‘Diofcorietcs , but they doc but referable it, and are not the fame, and therefore Lobel calleth it Poly gala re- centiorum, as not judging it to be tight, which GefnerzlCo before him perceived by the bitter cade it hath, and therefore called it Amarella, yet according to the german? vulgar name,he called it alfo CrucisfLos.Dodonaiu^flHjiWyLobel, and fundry others following the currant knowne name, call it Polygal*,i$ not knowing a fitter to call it by, •pttAnguilarake.mtthioaWtx.Thrfum, and Dodonaut Flos Amber vatu. Clnfim callctll the fir (l Polygalavulgari, major find, the fecoud minor, although it be fet amide, major for minor. The third Bauhinus referreth to the Ombrychu tertia purpurea of Lugiunenfis, and calleth it him- fclfe Polygalaacutioribste follys Aionfpeliaca. The fourth is generally called PolygaUrepens by Lobel , and all others that have written of it .* The lall is the Chamamyrpne cjuorundam of Lugdunenfis, which Baubintu calleth Poly gale affinhas Idoe. Bauhinus numbreth up among thctc Polygala s^ one with a yellow flower, which he referreth to a plant that Anguilara found, and was like unto a Lentill,but had thicker and fuller leave s, a yellow flower and feede in cods.which I have referr ed rather ro the Scorpioides tegumino/a , as I have there (hewed. The ItalianscM it Poligala , the French Vherbe aneroid ,the germane! freutz blrtmlin t and Ramfelyhe. Dutch Crnys bloomen.^rtd we in Snglijh Ging-flowcr,Croffe-flower,oi- Milkewort. The Vertttes. Ge filer as I (hewed you before,by rcafon ofthebitterneffe of this herbe, having called it AmareUa, faith that he found itto purge choller,having made the tryall of iron himfelfe, by fleeping a hand full thereof ail night in wine, and drihking it in the morning,and therefore is not likely to encreafc millte in womens brells, neither bitter nor purgings thing working any fuch effcfl that we have known,and therefore cannot be the Polygala ofDiofcorides^ which worketh not that cffedl s other certainty hereof we have not yet learned,and therefore we forbeare to fet downe gheffes or falfities. * IV,fa a ' Opens. Creep mg Milkewort. Chap. V I. Antirrhinum fylveftre medium. The greater wild Snapdragon- He wilde Snapdragon is of two forts, one greater then another, the greater whereof rifeth up ufu- ally but with one iialke,branching forth on all (ides into (omc other, whereon arc fet long fomewhat narrow thicke darkegreene leaves, by couples : at the toppes ofthe dalkes and bran- • ua ‘ ches dand in feverall places reddifli purple gaping dowers, in (hape like thofe of the garden or manured kinde,but farre leffe and without any white colour therein, after which come fuch like heads,like calves fnoutes,as in the other,but not halfe fo bigge, wherein is contained very fmall blackifii b-owne feede: the roote is fmall and perifhing, every yeare regaining it felfe from the fhed feede. We have had another ofthis lort brought us out of Spams by 2 ? 0 c/,often remembred before, whole flower was much more beautifull, being of a bright crimfon colour, the mouth or chappes being of a yellowifli white, much like , u fomeofrhe garden kindes,but more lively for colour. As alfo another with milke white flowers, which fpreadeth Artrum abroad a little more then the former. The lefler fort groweth lower by the one halfe, yet bulbing thicker with fore alio, branches, having long narrow leaves not halfe fo great, and the flowers very (mall alfo and whitifh, the feede is XXXXX3 lmalt 1334 Chap. 7 - Theatrnm Botanicum. Trib E 1« i. Antirrhinum fylveflre medium. The greater wild Snapdragon. Antirrhinum fjlvtpre rr,mnrm\ The lcaft Snapdragon. Sdx.it lie Bduhini (mail and blacker then the former,and the toote perilhe n aiuw anu »m corner of this fort with red flowers,whofe leaves he lauh are like S erpiff*w s Mothcr of Time. ThclPloci ar.d Time. Thele crow wilde in SptineJulj.Fmnctpni other places,but we have them onely in Cardens, where they that once fow them, fliall lightly have them continually, if they will fufher them to (hed their Icedc being ripe, and are in flower from 1 * 1 ) unto the end of Angnfi. The Names. They are called Antirrhinum Mvejlre, and *rve»[c majtu, and medium & min w,or minimum by all our moderre Writers, yet fome call them Orontium or Aurantium, tnd Ot Irrnit : Hottohw Bcllm in his iccoud dpit[c to C7«- r>*> .calleth it Phytcttmt, and faith that in Caniy the people call it The Vertttcs. There is as little ule of thefe wilde kindes in Phyficke.as of the garden kindes in our dayes,although c JMnttbiolm faith that the leaves, flowers, and feede are good for the rifing of the mother, to be mixed with Rofc water and honey, and that the heib: doth caule the Scorpion prefently to lofe the force of hispoyion, aslooneas he feeth it, and that the herbe applyed to the forehead taketh away the pin and webin the eyes. Chap. V II. Ltnum [ativum <5- fjlvcflrc . Manured and wilde Fiaxe, Wing divers forts of wilde Tlaxe to flic w you in this Chapter,! thought it fit to prevene them with che manuied kmde,and rather lpeake thereof together,then diflinffly inaChaptcrby it felfe. 1 . Linumfativum. Manured Fiaxe. The manured Fiaxehathallenderround pliant (hike threefoote high, betcr with narrow long and foft leaves without order, branchedat the toppe into three or foure fmall branches, each of them bearing two or three faire blew flowers,made of five round pointed leaves apcecc,with fome thredsinthe middle, afeer which come round buttons pointed above, wherein is contained flat (Fining fmcoth browne (cede : the roote is fm ill and threddy,perilling every yeare. a Linrtm[jlveftrc vulyatiw. The more common wilde Fiaxe. This wild Fiaxe groweth like the former,but hath greaterand higher ftalkes,more branched at the toppes, and more (fore of blew flowers on them, the feede alfo is like the former, but the feede Veflels will hold the feede therein,and not breake open with the heate of the Sunne, when it is ripe, as the manured kinde will dee, which mud be prefently gathered and kept. 3 . Ltnum Trib* 15. TheTheater of Plants. C H . P.7. Jilt I. Lmumfthvm frw ltvlgpn* Maflwed FUxs, 3 . Linum JylxrtRre laiifol'uimc Broad leafed blew wilde Flaxe. This wilde Fiaxe rifechup (omecimes bit with one (UIkc,and often with more, a foote or iometimes more high, which are ftiffe, thicke,and hairy, fee with greater a id broader hairy leaves, then in any of the other forts, the ftalkes branch forth towards the toppes,bearing fmal- ler leaves then thofe below, andlargcr flowers, even as great as Mallowes, of a deeper or paler blew colour, the heads containing the (eede are fet in the greene huskes, that held the flowers, which open being ripe, (hewing a blacke flat fliining feede like the reft, the roote is greac and liveth after feede time, (hooting new ftalkes with woolly leaves on them, and (o abide all the Winter: this growethin Hungary and Aufiria. Of this lore there was obferved by Clufiui in S paine, one with large broad woolly leaves like it, but the flow¬ ers were white with purple veines in the leaves. 4. Linum fylveftre latifolium luteum. Broad leafed yellow flowred Flaxe. The divers ftalkes of this Flaxe are round browne, and ftiffe, with large leaves on them , and not hairy but hard; the flowers are many that fland at the toppes of the ftalkes,and large, ofa fa ire fliining yellow colour, wit 1 fome threds in the middle, the (cede veflels arc flat - fer,and the feede blacker then the other, and not (hining like them: the roote is thicke and crooked, with fibres thereat .and perifheth not but abjdeth many yeares. r Baulomm makech mention of one with broad leave', whofe ftalke is glutinous or clammy, and the flower of a red colour which grew on the hills by Bonon.a, and about Tngolftad in Germany. 5. Linum fylveftre andftiftIfoltum caruleovela&o flore magna. Narrow leafed wilde Flaxe, with cither white or blew flowers. This Flaxe hath fundry ftalkes, of a foote highland ma- Chap.7- Theatrum "Botanicnm. T r i b e 15.' 7 . Ummfilmfin mmflifoliua hum. 10 . C bamlinun Clufj fine Me five Limmfylv,(lre Narrow 1 cried mldc Flaxe with yellow fiowen. Ulherticum. Dm* w.lde Flaxe with white flowers, or Mill mountamc. ny narrow long leaves on them,die (lowers are very large.and are either of a pale blew, tending to an afh colour, or elfe white, each leafe having a purple line running through the middlc,in the red there is little difference from the former wilde forts,the rootc abiding. 6 . Linumfylvejlre anguttifolittm minors. Narrow leafed wilde Flaxe with fmall flowers. The {hikes hereof are many round andftiife,afoote long,hiving many narrow fhorc leaves thereon, ofablew- ifhgreenecolour the fiowersare blew and nobiggerthen thofeof the manured Flaxe, the heads, feedc, and rootes are like the reft. 7, Z r.’imfylveftre aisoaflifolirtm luteum. Narrow leafed wilde Flaxe with yellow flowers- This yellow wilde Flaxe hath lundryflalkeshalfea yard high, with few leaves fet on them like unto the ma¬ nured Flaxe, the flowers are (mailer thenir.but of colour yellow. 8 . Limtmfrtiticcfumfempsrvirent. Evcrliving wilde F laxe. This Flaxe hath divers wooddy ftalkesof a footehigh,with a number of leaves thereon, (omewhat fhort and narrow,of a whitifhgreenc colour, and abiding in the Winter on the (hikes, not falling of as the reft doe, the fiowersare wholly white,and a little larger then the laft, (landing at the toppes of the (hikes like others. 9, Linum arboreum Creticum luteum. The yellow fhrubbe Flaxe of Candy. This groweth like a fmall fhrub,covered with a blackifh barke, with long leaves, thickc fet on the branches, (omewhat like unto thofeof Flaxe but larger, comming necreft unto large Myrtle leaves, the flowers are yellow and very bitter in cade : Fnefeede veffels areasbiggeasCichepeafe, containing fourefeedcs within them very like unto F laxe feede. 10 . Chdmelinum Clu/ijfiore a Wo, five Linum fylvcflre Catbarticum , Dwarfe wilde flaxe with white flowers,or Mill mountainc. This Dwarfe Flaxe hath many (lender (hikes,of about a (panne andahalfe long, with divers fmall long leaves fet by couples on them, and white flowers at the toppes of the branches, letter then thole of the manured, with yellow threds in the middle,the feede is (mall that followeth in the fmall round heads: the roote is fmall alfo and threddy. br/j/f" Label fetteth forth another fmall one, not riling above foure or five inches high, with fmall leaves and yellow flowers. • ii. fbamelinum Jldlatum. Dwarfewilde Flaxe with ftarre like flowers. This whole plant is fcarfe three inches high,having but one or two very fmall ftalkcs at the mod, and as fmall leaves ending in a very fhatpe point,the flowers are few and fmall,made of five narrow pale greene * eav<:s > P°‘?" ted at the ends,and Handing forth in that manner that every flower jefemblech a ftane, with a round umbone in the middle. TR I BK I^, The Theater of 'Plants. ChakS. 1337 The Plan and Time. Some of thefe as is before faid, grow in Spaine ,fome in France or Germany and fome in our owne Land alfo s they all are in flower for the molt part from Midfommer untlll Au^ufl, and Lome abide longer, the feede ripening in the meanetiine. The Names. Linum in Latinc.and af»«in Greeke.fignifieth as well the herbe as it groweth, as the fame prepared to be fpun, and whtnit is made intocloath alfo. The firft is called by all Authours Limmfaiivnm, and the fecond Linum fylvefire by Tragus, who faith it is fowne in the fields of Cjcrmany in iundry places, becaufe it yecldtth more (lore of Flaxe,and yet is found naturally growing among Oates, The third is Chefivt his firft Linum fyhejhrc latifolium. The fourth is the third Linum fylveftre of Cluput. The filth isCluftiu his fecond Linum anguflifoBum which Level and others call Linum fylveftre floributollit. The fixth is Clufiut hisangujhfolium primum, which Label and others call tenuifolium. The feventh is the Linum fylveftre of Matthiolus ,D odoneut , C amir arias and others, the Linum mttrimm luteum of LtbeimA may be the firft Linum fruticafurn fubflavum of Bauhimu in Prodr omo, and the Li¬ num luteum fylveftre latifolium of (alumna, for they differ little. The eighth is the Linum fylveftrefrnticofum of Clu/ius. The ninth is the Linum arboreum of Alpinist in his booke de plant u Sxoticit. The tenth is the Chamalinum of Clufins .which is called Mill mountaine in many parts of this Land, by the Country people where it groweth. The hit is called Linum minimum filial um by Baulinm, who faith it is alfo called by tome P ajfcrina minor faxati. lit. The Arabians ci\\ it Baeutri-chichettox "Btverchetan, which is the feede thereof onely, the Italians Lino, the French Lin, the Germancs Finchs,thzDutch Vlas, and we Flaxe.and Line. The Venues, There is neither leafe, flower,nor rooteof Flaxeufedinany medicine with ns,that I know, neither greene nor dryed, neither the juice, diddled water, or any other compofidon made thereof, hut onely the feede, and that more in outward then inward Phybcke in thefe dayes,although in former times is Galen (hewerh. that lomeu- fed the feede parched for their food,taken with honey .and fomeufedto put it into their bread, but faith heprimo aliment arum ,it troubleth the ftomacke,hardly digefleth.and giveth little nourifhment to thebody : but concerning the rnooving of the belly downewards,(aith he, I will neither praife nor difpraife it, yet it hath a fmall property to provoke urine,which it doth belt being patched, thus faith Galen of the manured kinde, but the wilde kindes that are more bitter have another propertyThe feede of Line made into pourher, mixed with honey and iome pepper into an eleftuary.and thereof the quantity of a Nutmeg taken every day.doih helpc the cough a> fome fay, the leedealfoboyled in water.and fome honey put unto it and drunke, is (aid alfo toeaie the paincs of thebody, as thecollicke,and ftitches.and all inflammations; if itbe outwardly uled alfo, with Fenugrecke and Linfeed, and lotne Mallows,a pultis being made therofisof good ufe to mollify and difeufle any tumour or hardnes in any pare of the body,orofthe mother by fitting in the warme decoftion of the feede,or to receive the hot fumes through a feateforihcpurpofc: beingtaken withRaifins faith Pliny, it helpeth theobftruflions of the Liver : the feede mixed with niter or falt.and figgetree afhes.eafeth the paines and hardneffeofthe mufcles, finewes and arteries, and ufed with figges.it ripeneth and digefteth,mixed with the wild Cowcumber roote.it draweth forth fplinters, thornes,miles or any other thing flicking in the fkfh,and broken bones alfo: thedecoftion thereof made in wine and applyed to any fretting or running fore,ftayeth it from lprcading further: ufed with as much Cteffes, it ta- keth away the ruggednefle of the nailes.and with Myrrhe.and Rofl'in, it helpeth ruptures,and the fwellings of the cods: ufed with Olibeensmini water, or Myrrhe and wine, it helpeth watering eyes,and mixed up with bony or filer,or waxeand applyed,it helpeth the hardkernels and fwellings under the eares or throatc, ictaketh away al¬ io the Ipots and blemiihes of the ekin.Sunbui'mng and other difcolourings. The oyle of Linfeede fbefides that it is of much ufe for Painters to fallen their colours,cither on cloth,wood.ltone .iron, or glafle.and to burne in lamps abiding longer then the Ojrle of Olives^lthbugh it giveth much more fmoake andfoote) is of exceeding good ufe,to mollifie the hardnes and (hrinkingof the finewes,helpeth the hemorrhoides or piles, the riffs and chaps of the fundament.and the hardneffe and paines thereof, and of the mother; being beaten with Red-rofe water it is good againfl burnings. The wilde Flaxe isof thelikeule in mod things, and the more tffeiftuall, byreafonofthe bitternelTe in many others : thedecoftion thereof with the flowers dothrefolve tumours,and lenifie inflammati¬ ons, the arteries alfo when they grow hard and ftiffe,and the fwelling- and fores in the groine: of Mill mountaine fome triallhathbeeneanade among iaUr people,toiuove the body to the ftoole. Ctitr. vill. CarycyhjB fyIveftres minaret. Small wilde Pinkcs. A ving fhewed yonfc many Gilloflowers.Pinckes.fweete Williams andjfoW, ofbeaury in my for¬ mer Booke.let me alfo here &ew the reft of that family.which are not of that refpeft.and doe ra • ther delight m their owne natural!, then in any other forraine habitation, and they areof three forts, growing cirherintheficlds/m the mountaines.or among the rockes and (tones: of thefe fe- vcrally in their order. C-vj Gpijlli ar~mjjes. Primus Ordo. The firft Rancke of wilde Pinckes ofche Fields. ■I. Carjofhyllm prolifer. Childing Pinckes. This wilde Pincke is bur atmuall.that is perifhing after feede time.having a few pale greene graflie fhort blunt leaves lying on the ground (or the firft yeare.and are the next yeare carryed up with theftalkcs, divided into fome branches.and let by couples at the joyms.bwmg a fhort thicke grayiih greene huske atthe toppes, out of whicli flart out by degteeidhe after another; feven or eight fmall faint red flowers, lmaller then the imallell Garden Pincke by much, which Icarfe (hew themfelves above the brimmeof the huske: more flowers then one as I faid.appeare not at a time out of the huske,or very feldome two, whereby they arc long in flowring, in the outer huske 1338 C H A P. 8. Theatrum 'Botanicnm. T R IB X 15 . 1 . Caryophyllm prolifer. Childing Pinckcs. 5 . Ctryophyllm drvinpr glaber minimi. TheTmallcft nkiiovildc French Pincke. 4. C'tryoplnllia cxrnlexi M in/’pehcnfit. 1 he blew Pincke of Mo npelicr- 6. Caryophylhu orveafir umbcHatus. Wilde Pinckcs inrufes. A 'fey uni-o] / tore . huske is found after they have done flowring* fo ma¬ ny fcverall fmall long hustafe as there did flowers fhew fortb^ach containing within themfmal black* ifh feed,theroote is fmall white and hard, perifhing every yeare, and railing it felfc by itsowne (owing* or elle mud be fowne in the Spring. Of this fore there is one that hath but one Bower ri¬ ling out of the huske, and of a paler reddilh colour then the former. 2 (fdryopbyHw prdtenfis Hotter major. Our greater wild field Pincke. Wee have in many places of our Land growing wild a fmall kinde of Pincke, as I may fo call it, and especially by Deptford and Redcriffe, which fpreadeth much oftentimes, and rooting by the branches as it greweth 1 Tribe 15. The Theater of 'Plants. Chat, 3 . groweth with fmaU fhort greene leaves next the ground, and by couples on the ftalkes, with fmall reddifh Pincke-likc flowers on the toppes.Of this fort alfo there is a leffer,grow- ing among the thicke graife in our medowes about London, namely towards TotmmCourt, whole roote is fo (mail and threddy, that it will not abide tranfplanting, having very flender (hikes,and fmaller, (hotter, and greener leaves fet thereon then in the former, the flowers alio are fmaller, and of a cleare red fhining colour fometimcs, but one of a ftalke, and fometimcs more efpectally under hedges and bulhes that may defend it by the fbadow. Of neither of boththefe have I any true figure, toexhibite here and l am loath to in- (ert Malter Johnfons figure,becaufe it doth not truely expreffe it, as alio that it is Lobels figure of a findl Armens, which hath leaves among the flowers,which thefe have nor. 3 , Caryepbyllw arvenfis glabcr minimus , The ftralleft white wild French Pinckcs. So ' ewhatlikeuntothe former two forts is this fmall one alfo whofe rootea are fmall,thred like and reddifh,the ftalkes are flender,(mal and joyntedabout a foot or ieffe high,having fmall long narrowgceeneleaves,feefingly thereat,andfp.ca- dingatthetoppe, into many threddy branches, full of very fmall wnite flowers, confiding but of two leaves like chreds. 4. Carjophy/lm cartt/eus Adonffcelienfum, The blew Pincke of ' Mompelicr, The ! eaves ofthis Pincke that arenext theground, are fo fire and fmall like Rulhes that they will be withered aimed as loorc a: they be gather ed, but of a whitilh greene colour from whence rife firndry flender fmooth joyntleffe rufliy flaikes halfea foote high, bearing every one a flower at the roppr, out of a (mail huske, confiding of five blew round pointed leaves,finely dented about the edges, but no bigger then rhofe of the ordinary wildeCenrory, the whole plant tafleth lome what hot and bitter. 5. Ceiryapbyllm arvenfis balc/hiu birfutus , Wilde hairy Sea Pinckes. T his Pmcke groweth very like a garden Pincke.but of a grayifh or hoary greene colon?, ^nd fomewhat hairy wicha'ljthe flowers grow not like Pinkes in long huskes,bat more like unto a fmall wilde Campion, of a rcddtUs colour tending to murrey,and give fmaller feede unlike to Pinckes,the roote abideth. 6 . Caryopbyllus arvenfis umbellatttt , Wilde Pinckes in tufts. This wilde Pincke alfo doth much refemble a wilde Campion, having (liort broad leaves,(omewhat like unto Label hisCatchflye,but of an hoary gr.ene colour, the ftalkes have the like leaves by couples on them,and at the roppe divers fmall flowers,riling altogether from one joynt.and each (landing on a (hort footeftalke, compohn® thereby akinde of umbcll,and arefome of a reddifli.and others of a whirifh colour. I give you here Gerard his fo gurc thereof,more to pleafe others then my felfe,. 7. Caryophylltu holoftiiu tomentofus. Hoary Pinkes. Prom a fmall creeping roote riled] fundry flender round joy nred ftalkes lying on the ground and dividing them feives into many branches a foore or two long or more, whereon are let leaves by conpler, 1 ,mc ofthem broad and long, and others more round,yet all ofthem hoary white,like unto the leaves of the Gnaphalinm Am.ericamm called white Live long,or Lifeeverlafting, bearing white flowers of five leaves apeeceround pointed, this abi¬ deth long,and fpreadeth much upon the ground. 8. Caryaphyllua angujlifoliiu tomentofus. Hoary narrow leafed Pinckes. This fmall low Pincke that fcarfe rifeth with the ftalkes an hand Breadth higb,which are woolly, branching in¬ to two or three parrs.bath very narrow long and woolly grrenc leaves on them, one being longer then another, each of the ftalkes bearing a white flower,mrde of five ieaves.ftanding in a greene huske. 9 . Caryopbjllus pumilue latifoliiw. The low broad leafed Pincke. This fmall Pincke harh a ftiort low ftalke riling from the roote, prefer.tly dividing ic felfe into two branches, of halfe a foote high,whofe lower leaves next the ground are fomewhat broad and fhort,but a little longer on the branches,being foft and of a pale greene colour,fet by couples at the j'oynts: each of the branches be aring tu: one fm.ll pale purplifh white flower rifing our ofa fmall (ho t huske. The 'Place and Time . Some of thefe as Ifaidgrow in our owne Land,fomein Germany,France, mdSpaine, lome alfo flowerea lier then others. The Names. Label and Cameraritu call the firft Armerim proliferns, and Thttlius Carpophyllas fylveflrit tjnart.4. The fecond ofboth forts have their titles as beft befeemeth them, Gerard mentioning the firft andmy felfe the other. The third is fo called by Bauhinm as the title beareth. The fourth is called by Label Aphylamhes MonljieUenfium, and by Tabermmtanw and Bauhinus, Caryopbyllus carnlem Aftmjpcbienfiam. LvWcalleth the fifth Caryapfjyllm b’alefi,- w, and Tabcrmontamu both itand AePxtNalofisetimCaryiipbylleeum. The feventh is ufually called wirbusO r- opbjllus Hthfteus,ind Hilajleum (imply, Bauhinus as I take ir.meaneth this which hecalleth Cary a yhylliM holojhus tomentofus Utifolim, and faid he had not feene the flowers : And the eighth alfo Ca-yophyUur boloJHus tomentofm angufii- 7. Car}o$h)llM holo/Lui tomwoju*. Hoary Pinckcs. Chaf.8. Tbeatrum ‘Botanienm. Tribe a*gn(tifiliim. The laft he alio calleth as is in the title. I have E«g»/Wthcm all Pinckes.not knowing how better to entitle them. Caryophjlli Jlp'mi, Secundus Or do, TheiecondR anke of Mountaine wilde Pinckcs, x, Caryophjllxs jilpinM Utifcliw, Mountaine broad leafed Pinckes.' T H is hath a {mail white fibrous creeping rocte.afid from thence rife fome bending hairy ftalkes,three or foure inches long,with two fmall broad and fotnewhas round pointed hairy thicke lcaves,at earh j'oyut and f ron thence upwards come forth fmall footeftalkes.bearing each of them a large white flower of five leave* {landing in a greene huske, whereon afterwards ftandeth a long huske with feedc therein. ’ s J. CxrjopbyUtu eAlpho" mguftiftliui purpura/ccxs. Narrow leafed mountaine wilde Pinckcs. The rooteof this is creeping like the laft,and the (Hike being fomewhaa harry is three inches long, with panes ot fmalilong leaves thereon, pointed at the ends, with two or three purphfh flowers at thetoppes, laid open like a ftarre andthe greene leavesof the huske, fetbetweene them. 5. CtrjopbyUui Alf 'mmgraminem, Mountaine Fincke with Graffe like leaves. The leaves of this fort ate very narrow,and about an inche lorg.ofa darke greene colour like onto graffe fetbv couples on tbeftalkes,asin others, which area little hairy,the flowers are white made offive leaves, ftandirp in fmall guerre huske,cur of which rife fmall heads.with fmall feede in them : the roote is fmall and white,' " 4, CaryopkyUiu nwmmm angvftifohw albtu. White mountaine narrow ieafed Pinckes The (hike of this Pincke is fmall and reddifh,three or foure inches long,having long and narrow fmooth 'eaves thereon, and fmalier white flowers at the toppe then thofe of the firft, here in this Ranke or Order mentio- 5. Catjopbjllusnmmui mufa/iuvcflw Ourfmalleft MoflU/ke Pincke. 5. CaryophylUsmonlmu Ctufij. Cluftui his tnoimt3inc Pincke. V Caryophillw montanui Clupj. Cluptu hisMountaine Pincke. invre nf this nincke.are fappy thicke and fhort.fomewhat like to thofe of Thrift growing thick together j The leaves 0 t 1 P “ foo.eft.ikes.rather then Oalkes,about an inch high, yet having joynts and r01 " cnnnles thereat on the toppes whereof ftand the flowers, each for the moft partby it felfe, whofe nu f 'u C f , P nd hollow Greater alfo then befeemeth the fmailneffe of the plant, and of a purphfh greene co- hmkes are hr of which ftart fmall pale reddifh flowers of five leaves ageecc. lour,ending in fi P 1 .//«, mimmw mn/co/ui noftrat. Our lmalleft Moffelikc Pincke. This fmall Plant feemech morelike unto a Moffe.but that it hath fome thredlike (hikes about two or three ,n- Tbis fmall plant le n thick£ fct together and without order, with fmall (hort graffe greene leaves, ches high, branc g kke ha ; res tken leaves, feldome exceeding halfc an inch in length, wheieof al- r H JC at H f'u '' of he nlaire vet fome alio will be patted on the fide and forked like homes at the ends,at the toppes S the branches ftanrfdfversveryfmall and fcarfis robe di(cerned,gree»i(h white flowers, which turne into fmall cr, J r Wi-h feede m them as fmall as dnft : this fpreadeth into many fmall tufts, rootingafrefh as it groweth, but dveth after feedetime,and fpringing from the feede that fheddeth and abiding in the Winter,with fuch a tuft of fmaUgreenehaire like leaves as ftand by the fides of it,untill that it encreafeth and groweth bigger, asthewhole plant is expreffed. ri( P f 4C! T«. , w , All thefee grow on hils and mountaine* for the moft part, the Gift and third in Cmmg and AxtrU «,the fecond in Spthv, the fourth in Fra m about Mmpelitr, the laft no where but in mine owne garden thatever 1 could know,and doe flower in /(^giving feede quickely after. The Theater of T/antu Ch A PC). * 34 * T R l B R 15. ' The Thames. All thefe are lately found out,the'foure firft whereofare recorded by 'Binhimu in his Pinax and Prodromu^by the fame names they hold here in their titles; butthathe addeth HeloJHm unto them. Thelaft isasis faid, not mentioned by any before that I know. iV .., . . . :v Caryopbilli faxatiles,tertins ordo. Rocke Pinckes. the third Ranke. t , Caryophyllus faxatilit Erics folitu umbcllatiicorymbu. Rocke Pinkes with,heath like leaves.' T His Rocke Pincke from a (lender crooked and wooddy roote,(endeth forth divers brownifh joynted ftalke$ ? halfe ones hand high, having divas fhort and narrow leaves at their bottomes like unco Heath, and at the joyncs two very fhort and hard leaves: the toppes of the (hikes are furnifried with tufts of white flowers, made of foare and fodac of five leaves a peece^ (landing clofe CMjopbyllus faxatilu Ericafgliu* ramofas repentant ei fiTnilii. White or purple Mode PinckcSjOr one fotnewhat like it. together like unto an utnbell. , ■ 2. Cnryopbyllfa fax util it SrtCsfolikb ramofm repens autnfimilu. T* VV hite or purple MoffeJ’inckcijor one fotnewhat likett. This kifideof Pincke groweth like Mode on the ground, and doth fomewhat refe.mblfe th tOcimidrs Mufcofta&t Mttfciu floridm ,let forth indie yS.Shap- ter of the fifth Claffisof this Worke, but yet is not the fame : it hath f'undry fmall hard branches rifing from a wooddy roote, divided into many other Ieffer encompaifed with Ima&Heatllike leaves, and with a number of large fnbw white or purple flowers Han¬ ding at their toppes. 5, ('aryophylltu (axatilis fylfattofa . Codded Rocke Pinckes. This living or ever greene plant is here thruft in the end of a Chapter, which Ithmkedidnever pleafehis founder to be fo placed, lam fore it doth not me, but feeing it hath taken the like place before, let me alfo for this time notdifranckcitsbut'delcribeic tofhoote forth many leaves next the roote, fomewhat like unto Dailie leaves, but much lefle, of a whitifh greene co¬ lour, and fet upon long footefialkes, among which rile the (lender l'moeth ftalkcs a fpanne long, divided into many long branches, fet with a few long and narrow leaves and finall white flowers of four e leaves apeece at the roppes.which are followed by very (lender, and narrow long pods containing very finall reddifh feed.- the roote conrinucth and holdeth the lower greene leaves all the winter. The Place and Time, T liefc grow in the rocky grounds on hills, the Rift in France, thefecond in Spaine, on the Pyrenean hils, and the la ft from among the chinkesof theRockesin Ha,cytiia, and flower when the reft doe. T he Names, The names ofthefeareliltewife mentioned by Tauhixui ^ho hath given them the fame titles that they are hers fet downc,yet I take the fecond to be called by Antonio Donati £rica marina Thymefolia. The Verities, Tiie tnoft of thefc being of late invention,are of frail or no ufe that we can underftand, they muft all therefore paffe for this time, without being farther queftioned. C h a r. If. Sat,yrion <£- Orchis, Culiions or ftoncs. V the forts of Orchidei there are filch a number that to avoide confafion, -and to bring them into fome methodical 1 order,! muft diftinguifh them by feverall Rankes or Orders, that is unto thole that have round roores,andintorhofethathavchanded rootes, many lorts whereofhave bcene called Satyrinm by divers but erronioufly, and therefore to avoide that Rocke, 1 would bring you into the fafe Haven, where you may be alfured that thole rootes which are properly and iruely the Satyrion of Diofcoridcs,irt thofe which we ufually call in thefe dayes Talipa , as 1 have (hew¬ ed in my former Booke (although Mr. Iohnfon in his Gerard feemeth not to take knowledge thac I had there fo declared it before; but delivereth it as it it were the unite of his owne travels) whereof this age hath produced filch an infinite variety,both for time offiowring, and forme of being, but in theplacing and diftinfhon of the cod lour efpecially, that it is I may fay almoft impofliblc to e« preffe them all. 1 will therefore here in the firft place, before the Orchides, but fhew you the formes and names of fome of them, and referre youto my Booke to bee further enformed of them. Of the round rooted kindes.fome have two rootes, fome have three, which I would! ^ y y 7 y feparate Tr. i b s 15, The TheaterofTUnts. Cm a p 9, 1343 Separate into.fiveparts,as firflittto famfirchideifivcTeftinlesomirm, Doggesftones. Secondly into Orchids fivcTefticulos murimh , l-oo!es ftones.Thirdly into Tragarcbiiei five TcSiUttlot biremos vet'faiths '.Stinking Orchi, or Goates [tones. Fourthly into Serapiadas velTefanlos vulpinosfioxi {tones. And fifthly into Triorchidei mt Tefiiculo, oiorMos, Sweete Cullions or Hones, in which fiveRank.s alhhe forts of Orchides, that have round rootes.are comprehended. And then there are the handed Orehides , to be entreated oflalliy, which are (b cal- ' led becanfe their roptes are flat like hands, with the ends of the finge s cut fhort of, which (hall be wholly decla¬ red together, not making any divilion of parts in them, and firft ofthe fintfircb ides Dogs [tones after the figures of the true S/ityrion or Tulip*. ‘ b Cynoforchis TeUkulusitmisfPrimusOrdo. Doggfcs Stones the firft Ranke. T His kmde of Orcbit isdiftinguifhed into two forts, the one hath flowers ‘refembling hoodes. with (mall things hanging otic of thcmidllof them, the other hath flowers like unto the bodies of men,’ with their armes and legs cut fhorn of. I* Cynoforcloii major Utifolht. The firft great Dogges (tones. The firft of thefc greater Dogs ftxmcs hath five orfixe broadleaves on the ground, among which riletb up a round grecne ftalke,halfe a yard high, bare or without leaves, or but one or two fmaller Handing below, at the coppe whereof ftandeth a fpiked head of purplilh flowers, fet thicke and cloft together, made like unto open p riaa hoods ,from the middle whereof hangeth downe, a Imall body,as it were of a Dog,or other fuch creature, being of Dod.Lv.gd> a pale purple colour it ielfe, fpotted with deeper purple (pots and lines, after which come fomewhat long and round final 1 huskes, containing therein rather imall d uft then feedc it is fofmall: the rootc is compoled of two round white bulbcs/et together Hke the two Hones of a dog, with long fibres at the heads of them, one fome¬ what higher fometimes then anothcr^nd alwayes one of them which is the higher, is firme full and bard, the o« thcr lancke,vyrinckled and foft,which wafteth away to nothing,leaving the firme roote, which (o abideth all the Winter,and in the Spring another fpringeth and encreafeth from the fide ofthe old one, and then that beginneth to grow lancke, while the other new one encreafeth. 2 . Cynoforch# major latifolia altera. The great purple Dogs ftone6. This other greater fort hath fomewhat narrower leavesthen the former , the fpiked head of flowers, Seeundt is neither fo long nor fo thicke, and the flowers of a whitifh purple colour, marked with fome purple fpots and lines more inward,formed like open hoods,and fmall bodies hanging forth like the former, the feede and rootes are like the former. 3 • Cjpoforchh major ffrica compatta. The greater pale purple flowred Docs ftones. The leaves of this are fomewhat narrower then the laft, and fometimes fpotted, the ftalke alfo is fomewhat lower with Icav'es upon it, and the fpiked head fhort and clofe,with the like flowers for forme, thickc fetto°e- Minora!- ther but fomewhat lefle,and of a whitifh purple colour,fpotted alfo,the rootes alfo arc like the former. 3 maUb, 4. Cynofcrcbk Tyyyy a Tr f B E 15, The Theater of Tiants. Chap 9, 1345 MajorU altera {pe¬ eks L okeL Trodrc* Cpojorchu militaris Tavncnica. •Hungarian Souldiers cullions. 4- Cjnofercbit latifoliaminor. The (mallerpale purple Dogs Hone's. This groweth as high as the laft.che leaves alfo fo'mewhat narrow like ir,and divers in like manner fet upon the llalke, the Bowers arc not clofely fee but more fparfedly of a pale purple or blufii colour, fpotted alio, the forme like wife is with open hoods and bodyes hanging forth. S • Cy no P» rch " angufi,folia hiante chchHo, Narrow leafed Dogs (tones. The (talke hereof is not above a Ipannc high,having narrow long leaves below, and one or two above upon the Italke.compalhng it at the bottome.of a pale greene colour: the tonpe whereof is furnifhed with a thinne long (piked head of pur- plilh white flowers in forme as the former, reprefenting open hoods, each flower Handing on a long fooxltalkc. 6. Cjmforchis militariifive Strateumatica major. The greater Sottldiers cullions. The greater of thefe Souldier cullions hath large leaves below, and fome lefler on the (talke, which is halfe a yard high, the (piked head of flowers Hand (omewhat leparate, each flower being like unto a man, whofe body had the armesand legs cut off,and a hood fetthere* on, or a leglefTe Souldier with his helmet on, thehood or helmet being whitc.and the body fpotted with purple fpots, the rootesare great and thicke. 7» Cynoforchis militarius rubra. Red flowred Souldicrs cullions. The leaves hereof arc narrower, and the (talke fmaller and lower then the I aft,fear fe a foote high, the flowers alfo are fomewhat like, the laft,but of a fairer bright red colour, 8 , Cy nofore !*ii will tar is minor. The letter Souldiers cullions. This is in all things like the greater of this kinde, but leffe and the flowers lomewhac whiter. 9, Cynoforc his mi 1 it aria [pica rubente conglomerate. Round headed red Souldiers cullious. This growerh higher then the former red Souldiers cullions, and the leaves longer,narrower and but few,the flowers grow in a round forme together,being like them both for forme and colour, but that the lower partrot the body hath foure divifions or fhort parts, and a very fmallheele behind the backfide. 10. Cynoforchis militaris latior jioribus variegatis . Party coloured fmall Souldiers cullions. This is much fmaller and lower, both inftalke and flowers, then the lad the leaves are broader and fhorter, and the fmall flowers fwh'ch make a much Sorter fpike ) are finely parted with white T . nit u c ■ 1 ' • c lH°rdi, mdita-UTamonka. Hungarian Souldiers cullions ST ~ This hath a (talke 1 aboil? ’’“T"" Pur P Ie Souldiers cullions: whofeflowers^et ^ ^ Pcad a « he <°PP* hemg vvh oily of a fine purp”ecolourwi,hout InvfnnrnrTr'" 8 1,°^ and are diffiri "S in fome hd.ret of a deeper purple.the hollow part and thebodvh S3re '^t 1lre W il bout *P° ts > and fome have the hood or c w j/i ' all of them have a fine fweete fent P y han S ,n S downe bc,n S white,fpotted with purpl.fii, yet 4 ‘ This round headed Orchis hath three or founTbroad^and flin ° U f ^ f' eaded p r ^ 11 ?‘ (lender ffalke, compafling it round at the bottome bearino a n,’ mootl1 a, } d pae greene filming leaves fet on the not fpiked as moll of tbc^otherjeach^ower bei^g'ofa^urp'ifhraf cSlour -Cives doe at the top, and ^ This low Orchis hath"a bare fhlke^aboLitdircc'hchcs 3 oneachfide flower,, the fpiked head isahour an inch 1 ’ abo . ve thevery narrow fong leaves that grow below „ , greeneflowersthereon,therootebath two (mail roundbulbw!* two fcort Ieaves “ nder ic » aild *nndry hooded c . , . , „ The Place and Time. Many of thefe grow tn the fieldes of our owne Country in dwersnl.™. A . they have bceneobferved byClufim t ihcy flower from Afajantill the mt^dJe of7«»f fo^th^moft partT^* , rout it *J aoa i d J^ernefirfti , ifi n gfr 0 ni?Ah^nd made^tidiffoene^ef**" f e! t theer- t irnurn, but CMatthwlm conteflerh anainfl r(„» m ;» ,u ^ u c maae . inference betweene the Ordi, and Sa. 1 the figure of fuch an one moulded out of his own’e conceit'^?™’” bU '£ one , rool:c > and therfore he fet forth J bc ^und in rerumnaeura ,and I hiwefcewed^mvVormfr Rno Wl f ° f canfwce yyyy 3 the rf her a & clupj. Orchis fe- cunda Clu- ff Strateu ■* Bianca mi ~ nor Lobil et Lvgdu. Trodro, j ? rodrO. Chap.io. Theatrum Botaaicum, T KIB E 15 ~T , .vn' ; •• ,, rat Vifr a. T thinke it fliOuld be *nei‘t or teitcr.1 have given you in the margent againfi: every the feed .s like - om"Lhbuconc or two at this tisne)tbat hath defcribed it before. 1 finde that Tr.au, one,the fev trail A ( g ^ of kinl i s 0 f Orchid,,.Tub that they borcno leed(for hefuppokd that th-Vmali fce C dewhich as 1 faid is like duft,found in the long heades ef them, after the flower is pad was not he 1 ede) for he faid the headsthst it bore after were idle, containing nothing wtthtn them : and fccondly he h frrma rhev were not orocreaced by their owne feede.but that they were encrta ca by foiraigne feed, thought that feeing y £ h ; h y eir copulation let fall feme of their fperme npt n the ground, and r, am h y ° 2 to vare^found inereateft Plenty among the woods where thefe birdsrelorr.and have their chiefeft that becaufe t rhaRallJs and Chafialcbch,rht Italians Satir,ane,zndTefticel, at ra Wli he Spaniards c£ndJX* he^ drlhe » the D»ich Knahrcrmt^U Standelcruijt, and we in S»gW(cl the Apothecaries gei ertflly taking all io ta for the'irlife) Satjrim and of lome Dogges Hones, of others St.ndle wort, and Standle graffe, andoffomealfo ^ rc ^ s ' The Venae,. Diolcondes faith of Cynofarcbi, that the roote thereof being boylcd is eaten as other forts of bulbes are and that if m l ate th ‘ greater,they Avail beget men children, and it women eatc.he Idler they lha 1 bring fo.th women children • A id th ,t the women in The fair, give the foft roote in Goates milke to picture luff, and the dry roote to reftraine it and t h« thevertuc ot ihcoie Uextinguifhed fay the taking of the other. 7-toy alfo write,h rhe ame words ont of Derides, yet it is generally held, by almoftallnow adayes, that the hrmc: roote onely is effectual! for that purpole.and the loofe ot foft fpengy mote to be either of no force or to hinder that effedl s but moil of our Apotheca. ies doe promifcuoufiy take.not onely both of thofe rootes to ufe.but of all forts of Orchides in generall. Chap. X. Orchil UWcno. Fooles (bonds. Secundits Ordo. ThefecondRancke. 4„ y 0 | thefc Tcfiiculi are referred by divers Anthours, unto the former Rancke of Cjncfinhidts.but in i i regard the pollute of the flowers have different (hapes from them, that ia of Fooles caps, with eares ac Hyal? them I have thought good to fpeake of them apart by themfelvcs. ’ , Orchii rmriomasfcU],macul»tu. The greater male Fooles floncs. This greater fore hath five ot fixe broad and fmooth long leaves like Lillies,(potted with blacke (pots on the up* . Orchis morio mdsfolijs maculatu. The greater male Fooles ftonci. 2, QTtb'u miioalterarrmeulata. Another Fooles Hone* with lpotccd leave*. Chap.io. 1347 Tribe 15. The Theater of Tlants. 4. Orthu Moriofitabia, The female Fooles fUnc« s per fide, the ftalke like wife hath Tome thereon, that com- paiTe (cat the bottome but (mailer, the fpike of flowers is imafl and purple,each of them having an open hood or hel¬ met higheft, with two fmall leaves like cares, (landing up¬ right at the (ides of them,the belly that is lowed is whiter, having on the backeftdc a crooked heele of home,the whole flower is fweete and very comely to behold. 2. O rchis morio altera meiculata. Another Fooles (tones with fpotted leaves. The ftalke ofthis groweth bigger, the leaves are not al¬ together (o large, but lying on the ground fpotted in the fame manner,and fomewhat rounder pointed, the flowers are fomewhat like the other for the forme, but of a more ble wifh purple colour,with a fpurre behindc. 5. Or chit morio non macule (is fo'ijf, Male Fooles (tones unfpotted. The leaves hereof are fomewhat large like the I a A,but not fpotted, the flowers are either of a deeper or paler pur¬ ple colour, or (omewhac blu(h, or altogether white, the belly that hangeth downe, is fometimes fpotted with pur¬ ple (pots, and (ometimes it hath none, efpccially in thole flowers that are all white. 4. Orchis morio famina, The Female Foolcftones. The female fort hath narrower leaves and ribbed almoft. like unco Ribwort Piantane,lying on the ground, and fome uphigber>compafl!ng thefta’ke: the flowers at the toppe of the ftalke, have raping or open hoods like the former,but rheearesone3ch(ideftand nor upright, but lye fo clofc thereon, that they are hardly difeemed, with a hecle behind them as the others have : this is found either of a darkc vi* dec purple colour, the middle part whiter and fpotted, or ofa pale red.whofc ftalke is ftiortcr and the leaves letter* or cl(e of a fcarlct red colour,the fcarlet head being thicks and Abort, and the flowers (miller* h. Orcbu Anthropophora Oretdes mas. The male Neapolitans Foolcftones. TtfticutiQ morio tr.asi Doct. Lu^d, tob.Cync- forchudd- pbintafcJJHu rr)acnlo{uo foUjs. jQ.ir.tacU- f'J defeript. Tefliculta moriovu j. Or chit Tbeatrum 'Botanicum. 5 Orchis mor'iominorfolijsmaculatu. Small Fooleftones with fpotted leaves. This fmall Orchis hath two or three fmall iong fpotted leaves upon the lower part of the (lalke, thofe ap[higher tcing much fmaller then they,the flowers are purple.fpotted and driped very finely. 6 . Orchis Zsithropophoraoreades mas. The male Neapolitane Fooled ones. The (lalke ofthis is a footc high, having leaves of the length of ones hand, and an inch broad, of a pale frefh greene colour,waved about the edgestthe toppe of the flalke hath a bufh of (lowers,red before they open.and of * faire blufh colour being blown:,in forme like unto the other, before the hoed or helmet open, and fmall leaves like earcs on the Tides,with fliortarmes as it were hanging downe by the body, ai d the lower part with legs as it were cut of: 7. Orchis Ar.thropophorci Oreadesfemirta. The female Neapo/itane r ooledones. This other Foole of Naples, hath longer leivcs, butnotbroaderthen the lad, (p ead on the ground, andlome fmaller on the dalkc.which is higher, the fpike of flowers are not fo great or thicke, yet in forme like the lad, hut of a pale colour, fpotted very thicke, as (mall as fand,having the hood greenifh with purple edges. 8 . Orchis Zoophora [cropithccam exprimens Oreades. The apifh foole of Naples. The lower leaves hereof are fliorter but broader, then the lad, but thofe on the dalkeare much longer and nar¬ rower, die f piked head of flowers is greater then the lad, each ofthem being of a reddifh purple colour, fo live¬ ly exprellins the forme of an Ape as can be,but that the head is greater,as it were ofamonder, covered with the fmall white lllver like cares or leaves that arc by it,and both’it and the lower part which is biparted is fpotted very finely. The P lace and Time. All tbefe forts grow.mod an end in fields,and by woods (ides,and many in our owne land, and the three lad on the hils in Naples- they dower in Map as the red doc. The Thames. . The names ofallthefe are exprefl'ed in their titles, and the Authonrs are exprefled in the margent, that have written of them,as is do:,e in the lad Chapter, which may fuffice for this time. The yierititti The properties of thefc are like thofe in the former Chapter, and therefore whatfoever is faid of them may be well refered to thefc. Tt(lied ut bis ct.Dod. O' Lob • Chap. XI. Tragorcbii five Tefticnhts hircinw. Stinking Goates ftoncs. Ter tins Or do. The third Ranke. Hcle Orchies arc lo named not onely becaufe they have a drong foule fent like a Goate, but that mod Ibp Jp of them have long tailes like beards hanging downe from them. _ W I. Traqorchis maxima. ThenreatcftC This o r , Tragorcba Tragorchis maxima. The greaced Goates dones. he ground, fomevvhatlikc unto Plantainc leaves 2. Timm'sHU valgaiis. Ti c ordinary Goates ftoncs. 1 TrC B E 15. TheTheater of TUnis. I. Tuigorchu minor & verioj. The lcfler but truer Goateftones. Chap.il a. T rzgorckis Batavtca Ciufij, The HeUtndert Goateftone » 0 m9 niortc'.tlicnalliel^ewife which ishalfeayard high, hath divers leaves thereon and a fmali fniked h-ad c, pie fl 3 a ers, .fire in a comely row or order, having a long crooked thred or flrinn hanoino rjf*,,,,- f ” °^P UP “ rliemjand twining thcmlelves one within another, both the hood and the taile is footced^ and have a n° m Ca ,- C 1 the bulbes are greater in thefe then in many other. le 15 fp0tted ' and hsve 3 ftron g fent«. T L„ r ... , J* Tragorchu minor & verier. The leffer bur truer Goatcftones. ™'£t-A t tie Imell hereof caufeth the name of this Onto, which doth neerer referable the rantke {Wn , r- , the former doe, but differeth in the leaves being much leffer, and the flowers being without fnnrres ?° a •?’ the " TmtOnb j fomewhat ike unto thofenoifome wormes that weecali woodlice, for their proportion rh^ni ° rta .' cs,3n ^""*»'0- fornewhat brownifh. ' proportion, the colour whereof is vaio ri ol 4. TragorcbU'Batnvicr. Ciufij. The Hollanders Goatcftones. T his [linking Orchis 0 f tjglland that was found about the Hage t a s alfo abouc their Sea roads r „ „ .. ferred to this alike or Order.hath three or fourc -s’; 0 fmall leaves, comnafling a low llalke aho >S f CCe ^ rc * whofe toppe endeth in a (hort fp.ked head of flower.,ofa fine purplifhred colour on ZinMe and * F™ lon S’ ‘ ‘ out, having a belly or lippe hanging dowue, which. icrmined in three fhort and equafl parts ’ P * “ Wlth * Up ,,„, , .. „ 6 ; Tragorchu altera purpurea, Stincking Goateftones of AuRri*. ■ Ihi? u *re hke Lilly leaves,of a pale greene colour, with fonjc fmalfer about th- flail, . ■ is an hand high,the fpiked head of flowers is either of a whitifb or pale colour, without anv fn ^ 1 r' U ’ hlch with lome purple leaves under them,each whereof is hooded and cared with a baneine belk, » ° r , cl£ P ur pla Orcbu 8. at the bottome: the ftrong ranke fmell hereof maketh it one of this ranke, and to be Bumbred-tuii* 3S “ wcre C/ “‘ dfe might have beenefecS another place. >u co ue uumbred with themwhieb , The‘Placed Tin*. With the reft. forts grow chiefly in clay grounds, the other two are expreffed in their titles, andflower The Names., fede th^iSbeVuS^ ^ aafm ' Wh0fc 1 hav *. wolkd «the mars 7 he Venues, po you T j , imrenues'. Ji from DodoMM faith that the rootes of thefe.Orchics, are better die* an v of rheWf,. , ^ aforelaid.of vviiac other good quality they chiefly partake we cannot out dffny ones e^pTrienJe tdam um iri* t* unto A Clufij & Thai 7 defcnftio. Cluf-Thal. i deferiptio. ■ 1.' ;\ Orchii SpbcgtJev 'tj • rr * 1 d phyla Lobs five ; -f.. H:nnn- phoJitica. Tefticnlw /ecundus Lobelij. fir il/fuor. ejufdem. Via V : Chap* XII.' Orchil Serapiaifiie Tefticnlw vulpinui. Foxcftonesi Qmrtut Ordo. The fourth Ranke. His fourth Ranke or order muft comprehend all thofe forts of Orchidnvthok flowers doereprefent “—“ fundry forts of infefts, flyes, or other fmall creatures, which fortheir fruitefull generation were an¬ ciently dedicated to Apia ,who was worfhipped as a Sod at Canepe, not farre from Alexandria in £- gjff.and from thence tooke the name Serapias. i, Orctii SrraprM Ufolia latijjima. The greatefi twiblade Foxcflones, This hath onely two very large leaves, not much lefie then thole of the white Ellchore or Neefew'ort, with di¬ vers veines running through them, grecne on the upper fide and paler undcrneath.but fhining withall, the ftalke rifeth a cubit high,five fquare,with a few leaves or skins thereon, clofing ir as it were about, the flowers grow in a (piked head like unto others.but great and large,being either purple fpotted with white,or wholly white: the roores are great and fomewhat long like unto fmall Turneps. 2. Orchit Serapias latifolia altera. Hungarian twiblade Foxcflones. This other is very like the lafi,but fomewhat Idler, and lower,both in leaves,ftalkes.and flowers, and is found alfo both purple and Ipotted,and white as the former is. 3, Oachis SerapiM iifilia veltnfolia minor. The Ieffer twiblade orthree leafed Foxeflones, or white Buttei fly Orchis, This leficr Fexeflone hath two or three large leaves next the roote, yet lefferthenthe lafl, the flalke is more then halfe a foote high, with tw'o or three pecces thereon, and a fmall tuft or fpike ofwhitc flowers at the toppe, thinly let thereon,fomewhat refembiing white butterflies with their wings lpread, each flower having a crooked taile b.hind it full of a fweete liquor. 4. Orchis Sphcgcdes five fttcum referent. The greater Drone Bee flower. The leaves of this Orchis arc five or fixe, long narrow, and ribbed like Ribwort Plantaine, yet fomewhat lefle, the flalke is about a fpans height, bearing five or fixe flowers at the head thereof, in fafhion fomew hat like a Bumble, humble or drone Bee, as it is called,having fomc few fmall whidfh purple leaves likewings above,and a brownilh belly or body below. There is a Ieffer fort hereof, whofc flow’er is leffer as well as leaves,and of a more whitifb gieenc colour. Orchii Scrapiai bifolia vel tri folia m ttor. i h: KfFer twiblade or three leafed Foxcflones, or white Ikucerflye Orchis. . Orch'u Spbtgodes five fucum referent . The greater Drone Bee flower. 4. OrebU Sphtgodet minor. The lcfler Wafpe Orel. is. T a i b * 15. The Theater of Tlants. ?. Orchid Spktgodct alters The Wafpc Orchis,, ChaF. 12. 135a 1- Orchil vuja Sfhegodet five Teflualm Vulf inm fntr.m. The greater Gnat floncr. 5. Orchji Sphegodes alter*. The Wafp z Orchis. The Wafpe Or chi, hath narrower leaves then the laft, the flowers Hand in the Tame manner,and of the fame fa- sphepde, fl-iion almoftjbut fomc what greater and of a browne yellow colour, the wings being a little encliniug ro purple. /«**(« ’ This the new Gerarrf maketh the humble Bee Orchu. ~ 'Lot. 6. Orchi, minerculicem exprimens . The Idler Gnatflower. The leffer Gnatflower,hath three leaves ufually Handing below the ftalke, with fome few fhort ones up high- er.tlie flowers are many but fmall, much refembling ai'mallgnatorflye, of a yellowifh browne colour, whole lower part is (mailer then the greater fort. Trbb,'ti t 7 . Orchi, Spkegtdes five TefiiculM vttlpintet primm. The greater Gnat flower. Lot.- The ftalke hereof is greater and higher,the leaves alfo are larger then the two laft and lmaller upon the (hikes, r */&'»'*> theflowersarefeweratthetoppebutlargerby much, the colour doth not much differ,but is rather ladder. ’ vul P'™ s 8 . Orchu Mehttias five apifera. The hony Bet flower. Lob ' The ftalke hereof is feldome a fpan high, the leaves thereon are few.narrow and (mail, turning fometimes in- Orchu ward, fome riling upon the ftalketat the toppe ufually (land twoor three flowers,feldome many more each where- Md'ttias of is in ftiape much like an hony Bee, that mapy that have not feene it before, would verily bclceve that it were either a living,or the carkafe of a dead one,but that the upper leaves which are like wings, are of a pale blewifh purple colour,and the head yet paler, the body full and round below, of a darke browne colour with iome fpots of yellow thereon,the rootes arc fmall. 9. Orchis Myodes major. The greater or flefh flyc flower. This greater flye flower hath three or foure, fomewhat broad and long (mooch g< eene leaves next the ground, units the ftalke rifeth about an hand breadth hinh.with a few large fewers let at thc.toppe ; rdembling a gt cat Fleili flye ““era fiorz made of foure leaves,the three uppermoft,and a long one (owed. g’andiufi 10. Orchil Myodes minor. 1 he leffer Flye flower. ' Loi - The leffer Flye flower hath fomewhat leffer leaves and more ribbed,the ftalke rifeth notfully fo high,the flow- „ ers grow in the lame manner,very 1 ke unto the laft (ore,but leffer, and of a little darker colour both the bottome , and about the middle parrdaut paler betweenerhc wings.being of a pale colour,enclir.ing to blew. ’"" tU ’° II. Orchit Myodes minima. The leaft Flye flower. The leaft Flyc flower hath three leaves narrow and ribbed,growing clofer to the ftalke, which is fmalier and Smpias Jower then the laft,having two or three fmall flowers at the toppe like the other, but ('mailer, aud ofa brownifh "niu Di. piirple colour,fomewhat fpotccd. II. Orchi, Myodes Lute a Narbonenfis. The great yellow Fly flower otNarbone. OrthhUj- This great yellow Flyc hath three or foure larger leaves then the laft, full of ribs, the ftalke is higher, and the lm,e flowers flowers much greater,and ofa yellow colour,tike fome flyes with us. t;. Orchis Bratraclntes. Frogge Orchis,or Frogflower. The Frogge flower hath broad and fhort leaves below, and narrower and longer up higher on the flalke, at Butnckite: c.ie toppewhereo I grow fundry yeUowifh flowers, refembling the bodies of Frogs, with the head and wings greenifli,rrom whence it tooke the appellation ; the rootes hereof arc large,a little longer, and more pointedat the botcoaie then of others. r A . Orchil Arachnitis. The Spider flower. The leaves hereof are more then in thelaft.narroweralfoand longer, the Halite is not higher, and bearingbut three or feure flowers at thetoppe, refembling afpiderinthe round belly, andihefmall r.ecke or partition be- Andrei, tweene it and the toppe wings'. mtluhb 15. Orchis Pfycodes herbacei colerit. The greenc Butter flye. T his Butte, flye hath divers large fmooth greer.e leaves next the ground.and other fmaller and longer upon the 11 a ke,the flowers are many and great,refembling Butterflyes with their wines Inroad abroad, of a kinde of herbv grecne colour,with aIpunebehinde. ' folwUvi . _ 1 0 >> Orchis Onsifhofhortlfolio maculofo. White or purple Birds flower 1 he leaves hereof are fomewhat Urge and (ported for the mott part (for there is much diverfity herein, fom e.omiibotis. havtr.g broad large or pointed,others narrow leffe or rounder leaves) the flowers arc large and like the lafl, with/■*»»««- alpurre allo behind them but fome are all white,others are purple.and fome beeweene both, of apurnlifh white colour,this Itmde Sowreth with the firft fort,-. * .... r T 7 * Orchis Mjodes ancsiftfcliA. The narrow leafed Flye flower. Orchism - refe . b l fun' nar ^° wer * c,vcs then many other,Handing upon the flalke,up to the toppe, where the flowers ^fraber' mu a. rrrcropcyHcs Cch'mr.h. Narrow leafed Flye flower of Naples. „,T. "f fta ‘ ke ™ *» py e floWfr 16 th,e f foots high, hiving two very long leaves at thebottome, but of an cne- Mamfii; quad length, thole that grow next on the flalke are much longer, fome being a foote and a lnlfe long, and verv narrow.but thofe up higher are fhorter and broader, a: the top are fee divers flowers in a 1 pike to a foorcs ieimrli earn whereof flancteth like a crollc hollow pipe,having a broad and long beard thereat,of a fine blufl, colour with a mo, e purplifo Icafe like a tongue, hanging downc broad above and (mall below :, this is found uMly but with ne fou :d rocire (the other as it fliould feeme being decayed and gooey with fame fibres both at the bead and {torn, the (ides which is not fecne in any fort of Orchis. >a,iatrom . t The PlaceandTime, / ! ^ hc r fc fo , rts S[° w n0 £ I ’ n , one ^ ° f g round or a y re > for {om *are found in woods, fome in ciav ."rounds o- dicfcrfooXfo^ . . The Names, ***** * >ne with tMte as 1 hw * done with the red,and given you one Author in the fteede of many tliathatfj' 2zzzz written' 1354- Chap.i^. Tbeatrum Botanicum, Trii EI 5 written of it,with the names how he calleth it,for it were too tedious to write all the feverall titles that feverall Authours have given to thefc forts of Orchides. The Virtues. The properties of thefe SerapUes are recorded in particular by Uiofcorides and Galen, t 0 be not fo effeftuall for Yenery but are of force to difcuile fweilings, and to deanfe foule vlcers and fiftulaes, that is,hollow vlcecs, and the vice’™ of the mouth,and inflammations alfo.and ftayeth thofethat are eating or fretting.it dryeth much when the ro ate is drycd,and flaycth the flu x °f l ^ e belly thereby* Chap* XIII. Crchis jive Tejiiculm odorants. Sweete Cullions. QmntM Ordo. T he fifth Ranke, Hi. fifth and lall Ranke of round rooted Orchides mufl comprehend a few fmaIlones,that fmell fweete fome whereof have but one,fome two round rootes,others three,and fome more,as(hallbc fhewed. j Orchis ptifida odorata, The fweetcMuske Orchis. This fweete Orchis hath ufuallybut three frnall and narrow greene leaves,the ftalke is of anhand- ■iuht. havine a lone narrow fpike of pale greene flowers, ending in three points, and fmelling like __— , ,,,, , yvy ,., y .., — unis mi*., auu ii.iiuyv g'v.ns nrfvcsjiot Udine is oi an nana- breadthes height, having a long narrow fpike of pale greene flowers, ending in three points, and fmelling like Muske, this hath but one lmall round roote of the bignefTe of apeafe, above which it hath long firings running forth.by which new plants are encreafed. a,5. Triorchis alba odorata major (sT minor. The greater and Idler fweete Lady Trace's, t hath long firings running a. Triorcbis alhaodorata major. The greater Sweete lady traces. The great I.ady traces hath ftindiy very fad greene fhinirg leaves like unto the lefler P]amane,but (harper poin- Trmebis ted,which rife u ; > in September alter the fialke with flowers is withered which doe abide greene all Winter, and alba [pi- peril'll in Ala),the {lender fialke which crookethand windeth it felfe a little,rifeth up in Attgujt flored fora great rrtis Lob. i cns -th with many frnall white andlweete flowers, cempafling it round and hangingdowne round about it: the rootes grow fomctime three, and femetimes fours together, being round and longer then in any ofthe former Orchides, with divers fhort fibres fet round about them, contrary to the order obferved in all the reft. 3. Triorchts alba odorata minor. The leffer fweete Lady traces. rn V The Idler traces hath much (mailer leaves lying next the ground, but ofthe lame falhion like unto a very frnall a’itain ,r.i Plantanc,the fialke Is little above an handbreadth high, with fome (mail fhew of little pecces ofleaves, thereon to nor Lob the flowers which ate white dafht over with a tbinne blufh, Handing in thin long fpikes,compafIing the ftalke and arc very lwcctc : the rootes grow by couples,and are frnall fome what long as well as round, 4. Orchis lutea Leodienjis. Lady traces of Liege. The leaves of this are fomewhat more like unto 0r '•’“"'"abroad leafed Plantane.yet fmaller andnarrow- "d'enfa er,three or foureatthebottomeof the ftalk which ulobfi. hath none on it, and hath yellowifii flowers like the others at the top,one above another, the roots grow three, and fometimesfoure together. 5 . Orchis Vrifia littoralis. V riejland Orchis or Lady faces. This hath but two frnall round bulbes for the Inf a lob roote ,from whence fptinguptwoor three (mail, fomewhat long and hairy leaves, yet fnorter then ofthe Ribwort Plantane.the ftalke is above a fpan high,bearing frnall yellowilh greene flowers like unto the former, and fee in the fame order.In the fame table with this Orchis you have the next 7 >i- orchis, as Lohcl hath given it us, from Comelim CJemnuia 6 .Triarchy lutea altera Gemmf folioglabro. Yellow Traces with fmooth leaves. Triarchy Ttl ; $ bath lonser i eaves an d Imoother then the Om.L b. lad,and (hikes and flowers very like, yellow aU 0 bfer. fo and l’weer,the roote is competed of three frnall round bu bes. •j . Cham tor chi* latifolia Zelandica, The dwar fe Orchis of Zealand. This final Orchishath two,and fometimesthree round bulbes for the rootes, covered with whi- Otcus Lillifol Lob a t pendice cr [O'te ¥ feud o~ orcljji Cl. rifli coatcsor skinnes, being greenifh within*and fweetilhin tafte, the lower of them being lanke as in others, it hath two fairebuc frnall Lilly like leaves, about two inches long riling from them, fome three or fotire inches high: this peradven- iure may be the Pfendoorchis Clnfij. S. O rchil Tbeatrum ‘Botanicnm . Tribe 15. 8. Orchis radicc repente . Small creeping or Baflard Orchis. The roote of this Orchis, if it be one,are unlike all the reft,being many long and full of firings, growing thicke ‘together, and enterlacingthemfelves one amongft another, yet have they at the upper part: thereof next under the leaves as Cameras laith, fome fliew of fmall buibes fometimes to be feenc, the leaves that rife from thence are thicke and fomewhat broad like Piantane,of a darke greenc coloir, the flalke is lender furmfhed at the toppe with divers white flowers fpotted with blood red fpors. Why Gerard fhould call this a ma */?*, I fee no reafon, when as it commech neeter to an Helleborine then Orchis . The Place and Time, Thefe kindes of Orchies grow in dry grounds^eaths.snd wafle untilled places, an 9 the hke, many of them in ©ur Land, and others in other places, and doe all or for the mod part not flower untill Augujl or September, The Names . The(e alfo as the former hare their Authours names fet downe in the mar gent, and how they called them. The Vertttes. It is recorded by iome, that the rootes of theie kindes of Orchides are marvciloustffcftnall above any other to incite Vencry. C H APr XIV. 'Palm,i Cbn/fi m: It vifolia Lob, Trodro Orchis Palmata. Handed Orchis. > Aving (hewed you all the kindes of bulbous Orchides in the Chapters going before, there doth yet k , rpmvne the other kindc of handed Orchies to be entreated of,which although they be many, yet I thinke meeteto compr ehend them all in this one Chapter., without parting of them. 1. OrchU palm at a major mas jive Talma ChriJH mas. The great male handed Orchis. This male Orchis hath divers large broad and long imooth greene leaves lying on the ground, ’ among which rifeth up a round (hike,with fome fuoh leaves on it, but leffer up to the toppe,where grow a large head of pale purple flowers,fpotted with a deeper purple colour, each flower having a heelc of the lame colour behind it: the rootes are flat and broad, two joyned together at the head, like unto handcs,patted at the bottome into fhort peecea, as if the fingers were cutfhort ofFby theknocklcs, with fome fibres at the head thereof alfo,one of them being firme, and the other loofc or fpongy, as in the former Orchides, whichrifcar.d decay in the like manner. • 2, Orchispalmata major pratenjis artgufHjolia . The great male handed Orchis with narrow leaves. The rootes of this are double handed like the former, parted into three parts below : the leaves arc long and 1, Orchis pal mat a major mas five Palma Chrifti v. The Theater of'Plants* Chaf. 14, 1357 l . Orchis pat mat a Jammit five Palma Chuft: famifia maculato joho. Tfie female hmdcd-Orchis. 4. Orchu palmata pratenfis maxima Conopfta dill a, Tkegreatcft handed and hooded Orchis. mrro-v through which the ftalke rifech, as through a pipe, to be a cubit high, whereon is fet a fpiked head of '! jvvfcr.y.if a pale purplec.olour,with a fpurrebebinde,and a fmall leafe fet with every flower at the bottome. 3. Orchii palTKatafccmir.si five Palma Chrifti fceminamaculato folio. The female handed Orchis. The leaves hereof are long and narrow, fpotted diverfly with blackc fpots, the ftalke hath likewife fome nar¬ rower leaves thereon,and a fpiked head of hooded flowers, Tone reddifh,either deeper or paler, or blufh, or clfc white,the lowed of them will be (potted, yet (ome w ill have nor»e,the rootes are handed like the other. J'Jn.Lel 4. Orchis palmata pratenfis maxima Conopfica dlQa The greateft handed and hooded Orchis. Thisrifechwich a ftalke two cubits high, having fundry long and narrow leaves fet thereon, ccmpaffing itral- cenopfaa mod a^jthe bottome, the flowers wh.reot are hooded like the lad, but of a dainty pale purple colour, and fweec Lobeho . withali,and flower late. 5 Orchis pa mata minor fore ruhro. Small handed Orchis with red flowers. This fmall Orchis hath a {lender ftalke,with a few long and narrow leaves let thereon, fmaller above thentbofe seraplas below,having a fpiked head of Alining red flowers: the roote is fmall and handed like the red. minor Lob: 6 . Orchis palmata angufh folia minor. I he lefler handed Orchis with narrow leaves. . The roote ofchijffbrtis handed but leffe- and the lower divifions of them are longer, the leaves are very long Orchis fa. and narrow,the (hike grovveih a foote high, and the flowers thereon are of a pale purple colour, and the whole T ra P fpike fliorter then others. i defer!t* L 7. Orchis palmata angufi folia minor odoratijfima. The fweete fmall handed Orchis. J r, p-c. This fmall fort bath rootes Iikethsred, the leaves are much narrower and long almod as grade, the (hlkeisa Frc i ro hand high,with very dr. all leaves up to chetoppc,bearing thereon a fmall fpike of pale purple flowers,very fweec each having a hood and a lip hanging downe,divided at the bottome into foure parts with a heele behind. 8 . Orchpalmata caryop^yllata. Handed Orchis fmelling like Cloves or Gilioflowers, The leaves ofthis fort arc long and narrow,the ftalke (lender with (undry fhort leaves thereon,the fpiked head of flowers is pm pie,each refembiing fmall Ayes,and (welling as fweete as a Gilloflowcr, after which come great beads of fmall feedv, the roote is handed, but hath the lower divifions much longer, running downs into the l0 *' ground. . .. <7. Orchis palmata batracbites'vel Myodcs. Handed Orchis refembiing frogs or flyes. The leaves that grow on the ftalke are fome what fhort and broad compafling it at the bottome, the flowers Lob, that Hand above are (mall with wings as it were above,and a long fmall body hanging downc and doth in fome for: referable i irogge as well as a fiye.thc roote hath fhorter divifions in one part,andlonger in another. 10. Orchis C * fir at a. Gelded Orchis. This hath alio long narrow leaves, fet on a (lender ftalke, and fmaller up to the toppe, where fhndrtb a bending bead of white flowers (ported .each refembiing a five,the lower part ofwhofe hanging body is more pointed : the Lo i- route is made of two long peeces like legs,ending in fmall pointes,and hath neit er hands nor flones. Z ZZZ Z 3 II, Orchis 9 Orchis paltr.at.1 b-itrachitcs tel CM,OMs. Handed Orchis refeuibling iro^j'cs or 11 cs. io. Orchis C aft rata. Gelded Orchis. 1 r. Orchis pahrata paluftris Litifolia. Marili handed Orchis with broad leaves. Tribe 15. TbeTheater ofTlants. CnAF.14. 135^ 1 z. Orchit palmata /><• lu/hy altera, , j. O r ctu painux* l^vifoUopalufhk. “ Another Marfh handed Orchis. Another Marlh handed Orchis, ' , I I ■ Orchis pivuta p.lufiris Utlftlia. Marfn handed Orchis w kb broad leaves. ■ 1 he large and broad fmooth grecne leaves hereof, arefet in order upon the ftalke up to the top,growing foal- Se [f‘!’ ler tlill upwards unto the large lpike ofpaleblufh flowers,with every one a foall greenilTileafeac the letting on, Ktr, f-t the roote hath long divilions at the bottomes of the hands^his flow re ch more early then the ordinary palture kind of Dogges {tones. L . Ii. OrchispalmAtAyalujlrisatterfl. Another Marfh handedOrchts, Serapias The .eaves or this are not fo long nor broad as the l aft, fo me rimes fpoued but more ulually without, the flowers paiu/iris are thteke let like the laft,but of a violet purple colour : this ftawrech after che hit. Lcptofbjt- . • 13. Orchisp/timutapalujlris Uvifolia. Another Marfli handed Orchis. f L “ i - ’ THidiffereth little from the laft, but in the leaves being without fpots, and in the flowers which ate more S/r* 14. OrcbffpAlmatapalttJtritmacu/ata. Spotted marfh handed Orchis* Lob. The ftalke hereoif is tall and ftrong,the leaves large and full of lpots, the flowers purple with ereene leaves fet C)n , a f° TCh{ * amongftthem. r & v ' w palufim 15. Orchis palmata, T’amonica quarto CUfij. Hmsgarian handed Orchis. The lower leaves hereof are like unto thofe of. the white Lilly, andof a whitiA grecne colour without anv fpots Oribi, , on tliem.and of anunpleafant tafte,the flowers are Urge growing fpike fafhion one above another,of a whitilheo- i lour without any fpot.rdembling a fooles coule or hood,with cares on both lides.and a bread lip ban-in" downe 8 ' Cl “' ■ and with a broad blunt Mile behindc, telling lbmew hat fttong like Elder flowers : it hath alio a foall whttifh leale at che footeof the flower (text to the ftalke: the roote is handed alfo. alfo hC ' e ‘ S anotherfo,t hereof wfeoieflowers are purple and the ftr.all lcafe let«the ftalke of the flower,parplifh 1 6. OrchispalmatapahiftrisDracontiM. Themarfli Oman banfcdOttljis , . 1 *'?'^“ » f ^is Orchis are like unto thofe of the LiUy.compafling the ftalke altno.ft rouri at the bortome.thc fnfmb. fpiked head groweth rhtcke.withvery red and hooded flowerslike the laft.and grecne leaves among them 17. Orchis palmataflortvmii. Small mounraine handed Orchis with greene flowers ’ Lol >- The roote hereof is handed but fmall.the ftalke is about a fpan higb.tbc leaves are but tew long and narrow the flowers are [mill and grecne,hooded,and bellyed, parted at the bpttome with a (mall.long fofc a: each of the m ' WiU 18. omhvfthua* montana maximt. Great mounraine banded Orchis Tim g-eater fort hath aftalkc two cubits high, whofe lower leaves area lo te long, andan inch and a&lfi broad, and thole up higher, foallerand foaller, arthe toppe flandeth a fpikedhead oi foall Hovers an band nrcadth iong,of a pale purple colour,hoodedandhecled,and the lower part of the lippewiiclly,parted very much with a laafe at the footeofeach like wife : the roote is handed like the reft, with long divifions J 19. Onhi, palmata montan* Libclij. isir/his mountaine handed Orchis. ' Stropiac There ts ftnall differencebecWeene this and the foureteehcli, which is the (potted tnarfh handed Orchis, buuZif that thst the leaves hereof have no lpots and are more finoo.h. 20. Orchil paimatamontanamaculatajlorecAndido, Spotted mountaine handed white Orchis. The leaves of this Orchis arc fome what narrow,and fpotted like nnto the female handed Orchis, the ftalke and flowers alfo are like unto it,and differcth not but in the colour, which is white. 2 r, Orchis palmata unguftifolU esTlpitsa. Small mountaine handed Orchis. This (mall Orchis hath very narrow leaves as fmall as Crocsu as Matthiolm faith, the ftalke is low and fmalfbearing fmall flowers ofa fad purple colour, like unco the purple flower gentle, and of a cnoft fragrant l'mell while it is frefti and greene. The Place and Time. Some of thefe Orchies grow in fieldes and medows, fome in moorifh grounds and marlhes, and others up¬ on hils and inountaines, and flower in the monechs of ApriU l ‘!’§ 0 ,• u t like unto the forme of an heart, as it is piftured on the cards, and bread at the bottome with a dentin omen ufcto fticke their pinnes round about the brims ot ed- er lather hfeethofe pin-pi ow-pur e.,P. . w ; t h lundty hard long tough fibres underneath, and about on a long footellalke.and of a btowmfh grecne c Ind «the head of every branch, two or the bottome into three or foure branches, with the like leaves on t » Currans with divers vcllour three fmall grecniih yellow moity flowers,much like unto thole ofthe Kibe.,or ,ed Cuttans,with d.vers yellow threds in the middle. ^ ^ ^ „,. wf This grew on the Pyr^ar hits,fent by Zrim to Mr, H&cUnJ, and other his friends in the low countries, and flowring in the Spring time. C)chm:n autumn 4U folia H'dere, Ivy leafed Sowbread. •pro Cydamino verr.o fpurio mjja fUnra. ft flran°c plant Cent tor a baftard Sowbread of the Spring. Tribe 15. The Theater of "Plants. Cha f.x 8 . . . The Names. ZZ nt h X thlS 3 d ' fferin S, kil:d ° f Cyclamen, by the title it bcaretb.but as the dcfcription and figure dt cla-e L c muE fi dlff erenc therefrom, almoft in every particular, and therefore not knowing what other denomination efitteth, it muff hold the B: ft impofed for me.umill 1 or fome Other,can better dilpoie of a more certainty. , . TheVertues. ' L,W,Pi i! bein s r ” e and ! a «>y fo «rt d out and known but to Few.I have not yet learned that any experience hath fn 111 >“*:any.medicinal,or,other property therein:ibulbecaufc mmy forme^Boofe i wa thC true Sowbrcad ’ T tbi ' lk S“ od U P°" & fit an occafion to expatiate them Z- doth ior f 8 n ZT d ° th dererm '" ethc dcgrccs hereof to be hot and dr V in btgmniBg of the thftd vet h inH a* n 0t Po > b “ t . ia,t . h on| y 7°.. jH *F* e «*w,that it cutteth.clenfeth At opneth the mouths ofthe veines draw eth and digefteth, which is plamely feene by the particular operations thereof, for the juyee of it opent th Jhe h,- fi’epmen'frH ?r pJ f'n* nd - ftron S 1 y m°°vetb to the ftoole, being put up in wool!,and faith Mtfuct it avoided! touefi flegme ufed in a gliftenit is alio mixed with fuch medicines as dilcufle fwcllmgs.kcrnels.and other hard knots m b i P t n n f ?, he hoA rf h = ! P« h all ° chc P lnnE a " d webbe in the eyes.being lufuled with honey,as alfo avoidech r by the noftrils, which CMcfucs alfo affirmeth,and that by fnuffing up the juice,the head and braine is nurned fr»' holehumours thatoffend it, the ache alfo,and daily paines of it, and theMeagrome. the bcUy ^ bathed with the juice, it will foneably moove it downewards, and kill the birth, or to be put up in a thfttrm? d a 'H° Ugh t q C M 0t ' eiS r e r kcr then tfle Jtiy c c,ytt: the roote being eitherdiunke or applyed, provoketft X X i’ and j 8 profitable for thofe that have the yellow jaundice, to drive it fouh by f weatino ff after rhe akmg of three drams thereof in powther, in Meade or honied water, they be caref ully ordered°to fweate • ir fred, H !f f0 M C ,” n J e aU . the d ? fo ™ ilies or difcolouringsof che skin,and the freckles and fpots thereof as well foo«’rof£ jaP h yed t0 th r regl n n 0t thc f p ,ecnc > 1,: eafech chc l^rdntffe thereof ifome alfo farth he gave the dived roots to them that are purfie or fhorc winded. Mattbiolm laith that the diftilled water from the rooies GtZffZi up into the noli tils, ftaycth their bleeding wondc-rfuHy : and that if fix ounces of that water he drunke with an ounce of fine fugar.it will (lay the blood that commeth from the brcft.ftomacke or Liver,in a wonderfull i^ nrfx rr be br i?r ei1 m t!l n m f nd £ll,i is hlS attcftation :t0 h'O'f" faith he, the violence thereofin purging ids neflXnrfV,r WK r f ? m r Maftlcke >< >r Nl,t * e gSe,or afcruple of Rubarbe i many have been holpenof file hard- iiefTe and fwelling ofthe fpleene, by the ufe thereof, which could not be holpen by other things • Itesfeth alfo the pames and torments in the bowels, which we call the chollicke ; If faith he the roots hereofhe beaicn wlh a.few Peachftoric kcrnels.and bitter Almond.-,and after laid to fteepe in Aquavits for three dayes-a droo or twA ?uiremS’r rC >hh ,tnether f dropl1ed int0 thc earesthatare dcafe “r have much noife in themhelpcth them- the 1 h n n 7 or , Plantanc water helpeth all maner of fores in the mouth or throate being gargled there Zlf’h d hc jo^hache alfo, Riw/c-mdk/jfaith many ofthe lame things, and fcelides that the dfcodlfonthe-enf If mri 1 V Z/ W r S ’ C u e , runnln g ,ores alfo 111 the hcad < bones,or members out of joynts kibes or chiliblanes and the r 7 fi ! Ch j hei :°? te ,s S ood a 5 a,nl1 the venome of Serpents, and that it will kill Swine, which is con T 7 £ , h j 1 l ccived °P mion of molt,that they a, e delighted there with, and greedily devoure the rootes after theJ for ' TZ JP)tr r wW camc thc name Sowbread: yet Tbulm r, faith the oote s fi ler for Wolves and Foxes then Swine, and that ,t is not to be inwardly taken,but by good advife and caution D » forties, and Pliny from him fay, that if a woman that is with child goe over a plant thereof it will r au f e ahnrri t j lat ‘ S * , tofae dE ‘wered before her time; but itis ccrtainely knowne by many experiences that fome erf the frefh f lirtr^ . taVCSjbut ? luchrathcr > t hc fre roote which Theophraflw alfo affirmeth,put into a doth and applyed for ‘ t:X CPirB ° ( 3 W ° man ‘ that is in fore hard and lo ^ ' rava ' le ill child birth, hath hoEthem flefli P ^ *» d oaficdelivery!the roote beaten and applyed with honey, draweth forth fplimers &c, out of the X Cha t. XVIII. Efmcditiin, Barren ivort^ Arrenivort is a pretty flu ubiike plant fliooting forth fundry hard round ftaikes, haife a yard or two roote high.each Ihlke divided for the mou part into three branchesjarid each of them bearin'* three leaves a peecc, which are feverally,fome what broad and round, yet pointed at the endes. hard or dry m feeling,and a little (harpely dented about the edges.ofa light greene colour on the upper fide r ..... ===s i a ” d whiter underneath: from the middle of fome of the ftalkcs of leaves,(hooteth forth with them from the hrft riling up of them } a (mall long footcftalke of flowers not much higher then the flalkes of leaves di vide d into branches, containing on each of them three flowers a pcece, feparared into fourc parts, as if the flower confided but or foure leaves,when as each part hath two leaves^cne lying clofe upon another the inner bcin a vel low and fmaller then the lower,which are red, fo that the red edge appeareth round about the yellow makine it feeme a yellow flower of fourc leaves with red edges: it hath alfo a few yellow threds in che middle let with greene, the underbids of the flowers, being of a yellowifli red colour, Itript with white lines, which being Daft imall long pods appeare, with flattifh red feede in them, the rootes are lmall and fibrous, hard and reddifh fnrea’ ding much underground, and delighreth heft in fhaddowy, rather then Sunny places: the lent ofthe plant is r/ ther ftrongthen plealant. r I Alterum Amcricanum magis friUicofum. We have had brought us from fome of the Northerne plantations of America, a certaiue flirubby and wooddv plaat,bringing forth thrice three leaves, compofed m the fame manner with the former, but each leafc wasruX asbigget but we never faw it beare any flower or fruite with us, nor did che plant long endure with ns buT b« . degrees grew weaker,and m the end utterly penfhed, fo that I cannot determine it as I would, and we could ne- * ver get the fame kmde againe : but the Ileicra trifolia, fet forth in this Worke before, commeth fomewhat ’ thrift threeas that had^ IS " 0t t K ' fame ’ havm S onel J' three leaves at a P licc u P 3n ftalkcs, and not nine, that in A a a a a a rht Tkeatrum ‘Botanicum 1366 Ch a p. 19 . X [B R 15 . E pimedim. Barienwore. The ‘'Place and Time, Ctfalfmw faith it groweth on the moontaines of Liguria, ea¬ rner antu ncereunto Vicenza i nltalj, Baxhimu on the Sugxman hilt,and in Romania, in fhadowy wet grounds, and flowrech from /»nf,unco the middle of oAngufl. The Names. The E'jjfMvTitv Epimedium of *7 ~)iofcorides> hath bccne diverfly in¬ terpreted by lundry writei s, fome taking it to be one thing, iarne another: for Column* in his Phytobafanos, letteth th z Lunaria minor to it, but furely erronioufly, and faith that neither the tie - paticatrtfoliaimrthllSefcli^&tbiopicnm, which is the Lihanotis TheophralH with us, which fome in and before his time tooke 10 be it,can be it. BauhintH would feeme to mal e Thalw to meane the Caltha paluftrt* to be Ttodonxui his Epimedinm, when as I can¬ not finde in any of r Dodontcw his vvorkes, that he meant, or let forth any other Epimedium then this I here fhew yon. So that I hereby thinke ’Baubiniu was miftaken to quote Thaliw to meane Calcha, and that Thaliw alfo was miftaken in taking that herbe which he gathered as he faith in fome place of the Harcymafylva, and kept in his booke of dryed heroes,that had foure round leaves a little dented about the edges,(landing each upon a {lender foote- flalke,and with a blacke tuberous roote to be Epimcdium Dodonai, which neither hath fuch round leaves, nor fuch a blacke tuberous roote. Anguilara it is thought,(irft entitu’ed this Epimediu( which fome in his time called Lunaria ) whom all others that have let it forth (ince, have fo called,and yet fome make a doubt whet' cr it be Dii(coridcr his or no. Xirft in th thee laith, Epimedium hath tenne or twelve leaves, when as the triplicity is fo confpicuous, that it is a wonder he fhould omit that j if he meant this: againe he faith it beareth neither flower nor fruite, when as thisgiveth both, yet hereunto it is affirmed that c Diofcorides might faile in this,as he did in Dillamum TuJfiUgo Cynog!o(fum y &c, It is likely alfo that Theophrajhu fhould meane this of T) iofeorides , whichin his feventh Booke and eighth Chapter, hecalleth Epimctrum and . ,. faith it beareth no flo wers, which Pliny callech alfo Epipetron y and fome Epimen.chum. The Vertties, £ . We have not any late experience hereof to (hew but as DiofcoridesTljnj and galenic fet downeof it, that it is moderately cold and moift.and u ithout any fprciall property more then to keepe over great being made into a cataplalmc, with oyle and applyed thereto . an t atnerepor , w - r would make women barren that tooke it inwardly, as alfo the leaves maue into powthcran a I AmpM rrv#» Chap. XIX. Viola Lunar ufive Bulboncich, The white Sattin flower. Here are two forts of this Sattin flower, one that dyeth alter leede time, and ano¬ ther that ahideth, both which I have fo fufficiently declared in my former Booke, that I neede not further to amplific them. I will therefore referre you thereunto, to beenforenedofthem, andonely here give you the figure of it. Vtola Lunar** fiveBulbora'cb. The white Sattin ho v,er. T* IBE 15. 1 Have (hewed you in my former Booke (0 many forti of Columbines, andof (o many colours, both ) fingle and double,that I then thought there hid beenc no more to be let forth, yet lince that time I have attained the knowledge of Come others, which I thinkemeete to expteffe here, elpecially one out of Virginia with a (ingle flower, which Mailer IohnTradefctnt brought from thence. 1 Aquilcgia Virgin'umaflorcrHbeffcncc pretax. The early red Columbine ol Virginia, This 1 ’irginian fort differech liitle from the ordinary finale fort, but in thele particulars thedalke is as tall fome i/Equitcgia, although CoJ-rwtw make ic adwarle and reddilh, the leaves are (mailer and fomewhat like untothofe of the Tbalietmm, Medow Rue, but of a paler grcenC colour, the (lowers ate of a fad reddilh colour, and fingle (tom the middle of them co the ends, but yellowifh from thence ro thebottoiries, the ends of whole leaves are not blunt as in ours, buc (liffe rough, and pointed, within which horned leaves there are five other (mailer,and of a reddifh.colour all'o, their points bending downewards, having many (mall white threds in the middle, tipt with yellow, after whichcomefive pointed or ho ned icedevcffcls, with blacke (hiningfeede in them: the roote is long with many fibres thereat, 1 here alio give you the figure of the ordinary one, that yoti may fee the difference. Aquilrgiaflorc pleno maculate diverforum colorum. Double party coloured Columbines of fundry colours. As I before faid,l (hewed you all the varieties of colours that 1 then knew,but lince I have feene and have fome ether forts, as firft a kindeofdarke red, which wecall aderoy col ur, both (ingle and double, and 1 double with white ftripes therein, as is the party coloured blew,and white: then have wee a laire double red or erimfon co¬ lor,flriped in the fame manner wlih whiteranothet (potced as well asltriped.very thickely, andof ahaire colours double and (Iriped as the r'cltt and another llriped and fometimes (potted,ofa lived colour, or betweene blacke and blew. Befides che Itarre or Role Columbines party coloured purple and whice.and ted and white. I . 1 . -1 1 : The Place andTime. The firth Was broughtout of Virginia by Mailer Tmdefcant, and flowrtth fomewhat earlier then anyofoiir Garden kindes ufually by a monecti. The Names. I have (hewed in my former Booke.the-fundry opinions of Writers hereon,fotne referring it to onttthing/omb to another of the ancithls: but Corntitui is definite upon rhe point, that it was notknowne. And to mooveone T heatrum Botanicum. Tribe 15. to chinkc his lort chic came from Canada ( which is I take it is the lame with our. of howloevcr he laith his (carle rife a palmc high) would by fouldin? the leaver, contime Water in them, and therefore woultfrc- ferre the name to Allege, that tlinj mentioncth, the pipes that convey water which containtth more conceit then verity. The Vert tier. The leaves of Columbines are commonly uled in lotions,for lore mouthes, andI throates.which effefl it worketh by the drying andbinding quality therein. Tragut faitb that a dramme of the feede takenWine with a little Saffron, doth open the obftjuftions ot the Liver, and is good for the yellow j.undife, and advifeth that the par¬ ties after the tak no thereof iliould be laid to fweate well in thetr beds. Ctxfim laith a Phylitian m 'Sruget uled the feede for women that were in fore travell ot childe birth, to caufc a (pecdie delivery, being taken in Wine, and a lecond draught to betaken, it the firlt did not the eft'eft. C«w«ra» laith that direrfe in Spain, did eaten peece of the roore for many daics together, to helpe thole that were troubled with the Stone m the rernes and kidnies. Others doe ufe the decoftion both ol herbe and roote in Wine,putting thereto lotne Ambergrile.againft thefc fwounings that the Greckcs call S-Or,;, h. Chap. XXI. Hepatica nobili. five trifolia , Noble Liverwort, or Hepatica, LthoughI (hewed you in my former Booke, all the forts of Hepatic* that then X knew, yer lince Mailer Tradejcant, found one other fort,is I cake it growing in Virginia, and brought it home with him,whichdiffcreth fomewhat from the other fort wee formerly had, this bea¬ ring very datke greene lcaves,and a linall white flower,with a few white and not red chreda in the middle, buc btcaufe l had fome of the figures by me, I thought good to exhibite them in this place. Their Tlace, Time,Nantei, and Virtues are exprelfed in my former Booke, wbtrcantol refen eyou,bur as 1 here fliew you,there is little Phyfkall ufe made of them,elfe I would willingly havianlargcd the properties he- e : thele being more tor pleafure to the fenfes then helpes for any diteafe, Hcpat'x i tioki'u ftye trifolia fimple*. T! c oiduiary finale Hcpatica or Liverwort, Htpatica nobilU five trifolia flats fltno. Double Hcpauca or Liverwort. Cn«: The Theater of ‘Plants. Chap. XXII. Chryfanthe'mum & 'Bttphtbalmum. Come Marigolds, and Oxc eye. Here are fiindry forts of thefe Golds,or Corne Marigolds>to be entreated of here,fome whereof grow plentifully enough, in our Cornefields, others being ftrangers, we have received from beyond Sea, and fome I have (ec forth in my former Booke, whereof I thinke good to give you the figures, of fome ofthenT,and therewith of our garden Marigolds, and referre your to che Booke * and for the neere affinity betweene theft and the Bupbtbalmum, I thinke it not amide to joyne them here alfo 6 * • Chrjfentberftuntfegetrtm nofir at. The Come Marigold of our Owne Country. This Come Marigold hath fundry tender pale greeneherby (hikes, breaking forth into fome few branches, with divers long blcwiffigrceneleavesjfet without orderon them, being narrow at thebottom'e, and broader at the end,cut in a little on both edges: the dowers grow fingly at the toppe of every branch,being large, grow¬ ing out of grecne fcaly heads,and of a jfhining yellow colour, both the thrumme and the border of leaves about it, each leafe being broad or fiat pointed, and cut into three or foure parts, duelling a little fweete : therootc periffieth every yeare,and riftch fr om ic owne rowing. CMattbiolw hath fet forth one of this fort, with leaves jagged like Feverfew. The chiefeft difference in this from the former, conddeth in the leaves,which are whole (mail, long and round pointed like thole of the Daydes. 2, Chryfantlpemum fegctttm Bxticum, Sp.wijb Corne Marigold. The ftalkcs hereof arc harder and browner then of the former, and dand more upright, the leaves are greener and not fo much divided or cut in on thqedges, the dowers are not of fo fhining a yellow colour, but fomewhat deeper yellow, the feede is fmall and w,hiciffi,and is bitter as the former is, although the herbe is fweete and ea¬ ten as a Sallee herbe,and herein confifteth the chiefeft difference. 3 m Chryfanthemum tenuifolium B.parts,whereou are many frnail frefb greene leaves,much divided, and lomcwhat like ro thofe of! ennell, the flowers are twice as large as thole ol Camomill, ar) d wholly of a fhining gold yellow colour, fet in greeuc heads or hu->kes, wherein afterwards the fmall long white leede is contained : the roote is long flender and bi .v.kiib, abiding ffefh and not perifhing after leede time. Alpmtu misliketh that q\ Matt fa¬ ct uecaufc the leaves we e not like Fennell,nor the flowers bigger then Camomill. 14. BaphthaJmnm Af> icd>ium tcnuifoltuw Boelij, Thin leafed Oxe eyeof Baibaty. Although Alpinm fuppofed 'hat ie had let forth the trueft Oxe eye of ‘Diofcorides , yctasyoumay fee both by the figure and de c'iption of this I here give. His is in fome things defective, and this in my opinion is the nee- refl: in all things thereunto, it rileth up with one flender ftalke, with divers long thinne leaves divcrfly parted, ermmiog merer unto Fci-nell then any before, bearing a large yellow flower atthetoppe, whereit brancheth forth, andbcarith leaves and flowers on them iikewife ; the roote lull of Brings, and periii.cch after feede time. The Place and Time . The Come Marigolds grow for the moft pare in the Cornc fields, and about the borders of them, or where Come Inch beere fowne formerly,either in our ownc land or in others,as by their titles are to be knowne. The Oxc eyes «:nerally gro w in the moifter grounds, bv wacerccurfes and the like, in other Countries, but in Gar¬ dens onely with us,where they are fowne,and carefully kept,and doeflower in the end ofSummer* The Names , XpjrK:'^f//o^in CjTtcVc^Chrjfayjthemum inLatine : ah aureo florucolorefie dittnm : there is much controver- fie amon" divers,concerning ^Diofcorides his Chryfantbemum y which he laith fome called alfo Bupbthalvium, be- caufe wliatfoever he had laid of (fhryfantbemtim y he laid the lame in the Chapter of Buphtbalmum, thereby fufpe- fting the Chapter of Cbryfambemum to be thruft into the worke of Diofcorides t by fome others, and they are the moreenduced hereunto.becaufe neither Plfaj i Galen i nor vSgineta, make any mention of Chrysanthemum, but of Bapbtbalmttm onely, as though they knew no other {bryfantbemum: but Mattbiolw evidently clecreth the mat¬ ter, fhc wing how Dio/coride 1 bv their feverall markes,doth diftmguifh them, laying Bupbtbalmum hath Fennell like leaves, which he faith in Cbryfanthemstm are onely cut or jagged : againe the ftalke of Chryfanthemum , arc eaten as other herbes, which he doth not fay of Bupbtbalmum ; and laftly,the flowers of Chryfantbemum he faith are much fhining, but he faith of Bttphthaltnum, that they are greater then of Camomill, belides the flowers of Bupbtbalmum made up with waxe.is a falve to dilfolve fwellings and knots,but of Chryfanthemum he faith, lim¬ ply it difeuftetbthat lmpofthume that hath like fat in ic. There is no lefle doubt about his Buphthalmum, what herbe knowne to us (hould be the right, fome raking the great white Daifie and Tucbfitu and Lonicertu, the May wcede to be tfye right .neither of which can be fo,in that they are not all yellow,as Dio(cor t dcs faith Bupfaltalmum flowers are AUtthiolm therefore hath let forth one, which is moft commonly received by moft to be the trueft, although both LibelfDodoneui and Ddecbampiw have fet forth othcrs,which they tookc to be righteft. The firft TrI B * 15. TbeTheater of ‘Plants. Cm AF.23. 1373 / K 1S xi! e ? chr jJ a /“ l, ‘ m " m and fcgctnm by all Writers atmoft, yet fame and Banbinut with them tall ic BfUu he leconu hath no Authour before thatexprefleth it. The third is very likely to be the lecond iort of fm t t CretiCMm of Clnfint, which Baubinn referreth to the Achilla* mantana anhemifia tenuifalie facie or i.»»f/.and the Ageratumfernlaceam of Ltigdunenfii, but neither of them truely. But the firll Chryfantbcmnm Cre- ticumetClnjim, I take to be that CbryfamhemamCreticum that I have let forth in tny former Booke, and which / *” c *‘ ct " ° u P ] thaImum altcrum partim Candidapartim Imeafiorc : But Befier in her to Eyfi tenfi Chry- Janthcmnm c ' r ‘d*m mixtum. The fourth is the Chrj/anthemumVaicnttmtm of Clufun,which Lagdnncnfii fetteth downe tot th tBuphthalmum vrrxm 'Dalechampit, but Clttftru miflaking hiin.tooke that he referred his Valcntinam to/Watt u m 1 his Chryfanthtmum.i nd for it is a little bitter againft him,but it was Clnfvu his ovcr(iglat,for he faith this oiUalnhampiM is diverfe from that of Matthialm : Clnfim his Valcntinam is alio referred to che ’Bnpbthal- ™ Hm , Narbonenfe tennifalinm of Label in his Obfervations, as Banhinm quoteth it, which (fafalfimtt calleth Chry- ftnt emnm altcrum ex SictEatThe three next are Clupin his forts olCbryfambcmam Alpinnm, wheroUs I faid be- ore, his fecond is very likely to be alfo this third fort here exprefied, or very like it. The eighth is Lugdtmcnfic, lsC r V m, ” em ’ ,m Myceni, which hee faith the Cajhlianc called Giralda. The ninth wee received by the fame na "J e that Banbinut callcth it by in his c Prodrcmm,3nd it ofBrafitU. The tenth is gc nerally called 'Bnphthalmum ecu m TOH.bymolt Writers, and taken tobe that of Diafcarides, which he faith is called Cackle alfo, yet fomc entitle it alfo Chryfanthemum, as Eucbfim,Cordiu,Gefncr,andTnrner. Theeleventhis mentioned onely by Ca- mcrarim in tnsAIaithitliu, and by 'Bunbimu after himi The laft is called by Label Bnphthalmum folia flf- facie to- cm a fan • £ >both m his Advcrjaria and /canes, and is the fame with the tennifa/mm Narbonenfe in his OblerVatlana although Banbinm quoteth them as differing plants. ThcVcrtucl. . a that ? ny Authour h « h ="'arged the properties of Come Marigold, beyond that which DiofccrU 1 hath let downe of it, which is to difculfc that Impoftume, that hath like fat in it, and that it will help* them that have the yellow jaundile, to have a good colour if they drinke it for fome long time, continually after ba- ttnng. Ana otBxpbiba/mem, the Oxc eye, that the flowers made up with a cerote, doth difeuffe tumours, and nardneiie,and helpeththc jaundife (ashefaith by hearefay inboth thefel and to gee a good colour, todrinkeit after bathing by continuance. Chap. XXIIf. Tuffilagomontanrt, Mountaine Coltsfoote. iHere are two or three forts of tbefe Coltsfoote of the Mountaine to Chew yon in this Chapter.' c• Tufftlago %Alpina folioglabra. Smoothleafed Mountaine Coltsfoote. The roote hereof creepcth under ground like the common Coltsfoote, and will aimotf fpread as much ground,from whence Ipring fundry round leaves.each fifing by it lelffc, with a long footeftalke rhemvifri:rln e a tt ’ ,, m' , ^ ea notc ^ c< * orwavc d about the edges, fmooth.and of a datke greene colourjou i n _„ . r m n i BOt , . n B as t * lc °ther,nor woolly underneath, among which rifeth up lome ftalkes, a fpanne ir ,- a . 0 ? g c, e or two thereon, and a purplifli flower at thetoppecompofedof thteds which when P ede therein,that with the downe flicking to it,is carryed away with th.e windc. Ihumlmr i.r ' A/pint folio eanefeente. Hoary Mountaine Coltsfoote' 0 ts oote differed] not in forme of leaves or flowers,being alfo parplifhpior in the Inanner of grow 1 1 . Tufalajp /ilpina fotio glabra. Smooth lealed Mountaine Colttfoote, . Tufftlagp Alpina fdio canbjUnte. Hoar; mountain* Coltsfoot*. li.i’ '.ii MimI 1374 Chap. 24. 1 Theatrum ' hotanicttm. T R 1 B R 15 ing.butondy that the ftalke is woolly, and the leaves hereof are very rough, and of a darker greene Qiining co¬ lour, on the upper fide, and more hoary or very woolly underneath. Clufiu, giveth another figure alio hereof, not that the one diftcreth from the other, but to (hew the full open flower o( the one, and the doled and decay¬ ing of the ocher. . Tu p Alpha fe/io oblongo Mountaine Coltsfoote with longer leaves. This hath five or fix fomewhat long leaves,riling from a blackc roote,of the bigndfe of ones little finger with fome fibres at it, each fet upon a long flalkeot an uncquall length, (omc longer then others, hard, rough, hairy, and of a darke greene colour,(nipped about the edges, trom whence rifcth the ftalke of a cubits height, fet with two or three narrower leaves, branched fometitnes with a large ycilow moflie flower at the toppe, which being ripc,vani(heth with the windc. jhe Place anaTime. Thefc grow on the Jtlptt of AuflrU, and Syria, and cliewhere in q,rma nJ and on Mount Baidu, in Iulj, and flower in lane in their naturall places 3 but in Aprill and Maj, being tranlpolcd inco Gardens* The Names. Thefc being but of late invention,have no other name impofed on them then the firft finders gave them,which is Tujfilago Alpwafox fo Clufnu doth entitle them, the firft being his fecond,and my fecond his hrft, which Clu- fitM as I laid in the Chapter of Afaram ) fufpeded to be the Afarina of CAlatthiolus y but afluredly was miftaken therein, for although he (eeme to deter mine t’requellion absolutely to be the fame, yethcleaveth it for every one to jadgeas he lift. The lalt is fo termed by r B lfo, the heads I his he,ct tort ve y 1 J fo bu . 0 f a pa [e blew colour, the feede is blacke and watnout any lent. There i o r f this forf another, differing little from the ether, hut in the flowers that being tingle and bleu- like it, Lth" eene 'e wes under th m,and the feede being blacke is lomewhat fwtetc. _ hath bteene .e.ves un e Morofem „,. N i gr lia of C™*) without fent in the (cede. ' -rl • rW, Nil'll*" rowetli with fine cut leaves like the othtr.but ot a darker greene colour: the flowers are fmlu and fttdrrnoly as others doe, at the toppes of the ftalkes and branches, gteeniflrat the firth, but Uewi/h 1 mall, and ttand 11 y keep | ng a i lct le greenenefle {till in them,with many greemfh threds 111 the mrd- dle'tipt 'with blew: the feede is blacke like others and without fent, that followeth in iuch like horned heads as others: A 7 igella with broad leaves,and fweete fmelling feede. This broad leafed Nigellarifeth uo from the yellowifh.threddy a nd annual roote.with one (lender yveake (talk, ,. branches having Iona and divided leaves let thereon, butnotofthe forme of the other Ni- tZ which are fenncll like,or Laikcs ipurre like, bur much broader and parted into divifions, fomewhat like n ,, thnfr nfGrna-idfcll but cut into Idler and finer parts, at the toppes of each of the branches (tandech a (ingle X^l likruntoSer Nigellas.and heads fomewhat like them lucceeding, containing blacke Iccdc '' ~ pT t fijCretictiiiltcracdor.itateyiuifotici. Another fweete C’avr/y NigcHa* The routes of this Cmh Nv/dU, are faid to be harder then the reft, yet mnuall like them, the ftalkes that rife from thence are many.npriqhc'and (lender, parted into feverall bunches with but few leaves fee thereon, tfaofe bclo", bdnn not (o finely minced as the former .that are upwards, having f,nailer yeltowifb wh* flowers at the toppes of them. and corncied blacke feede,fliarpe and fomewhat iweete, contained in fniall bifoimed feede yef : felsorheads.like two fmallberries. , , . , - Nitill,i Critic* adoratafemicbm foformtbm. A fwette NigcUaolCmdy with double formed feedes. This wonderful! kindeof Nigella (for fo it is called) groweth from a (mall fibrous roote, with many (lender fulkc- and f»w branches rifing from them, not much above halfe a foote high, fee with long winged leaves like thofeof fT.i-c oppofitc each to other,on a middle riabe,at the toppes of each whereof ftandech a large blew flow¬ er, fomewhat likeunco the flower of a Poppy, after which come five cornered heads, containing (mail blacke . . 6 Nr-’tihcretic# imeonfemko UtifJh & nmifolh obreta. y.KigtUi Crcttutiertu ftliji Lim femmbui tifuu&u. C ..-Vl; Nijtiia V. i.houi fenr.-and two other wkk fneet foOIing feed, Sneetc Nigdla of Candjowiih double formed feedes. iweete Tk I B E 15, The Theater of T fonts* Ch a p.26, 1377 & [r,d ^ S ,‘, eCd r- b “ c glides tbcfeac the^oynting of the brtnchc^mc forth other forts offeede'clu- fcould ffi e ie h . Cr llk£abunchof S ra P cs -whi ch are whitilh, nature thus providing it with a double iflue, leaf! it Nigetta Citrina florcalbofimpiici. Single White Nigella with yellowifh feede WeehavcaUe in our gardens, another finglc fort of Nigella, that hath conie among other feedes that hath ^ ^° mc ou . r f rl£ nds beyond Sea, that drffereth io little from the other uluall forts that it can dafeerned,except nbe in the frelher greenenefle of the leaves before it come to flower which then^ fmall like the third wild fort here let downe.but white: the heads alio are fmall but formed alike havine fmaller Acdo/btwhS a " d With ° at fmt ’ ant * herein it is fomewhat like unto ThcT’lace tmdT'xWe, The firft is ufually fowen in Gardens even in Italy or clfc where,cbe other forts grow wilde and in the fields of Cotncm Italy,Candy,g e rmany,&c. they areall annuall tobe (owne inthe Spring, iftheydocnot fowthem fclvcs,and flower in lane ini July, giving ripe feede in F 8 ’ Ocnoclowth ™ 1 he Names. ItlScallcdinSrCckc wtA«t!^»i»and^['£iv«r 5 P OT Fennell flower,as I doe fo the underflaT d.ngofthe feverall Authours ofthefe : the hrft.lecond, and third, are mentioned by ohr hut W iters bv thnfr titles they have,or very neere them. The fourth is called by Hauhimt Niael/a CmL fimolv and lanthium Creucum : The fifth is mentioned by Ton* in his ItalUn TSald m ^the feven h bv AM^ilhiit\ ^ Ejcocicke plants. Thefixtby iWinfcfa ^-^TheWl as I The fweete fmelling feedes are effefluall to many difeafes, but the firft kinde is onely ufed in medicines rhe nd ther that doe not fmell well, are 111 a manner refuted. Galea fai-h it is hoc and drv in rhe rh;, u, ,’ r, ^ parts,and thereby it: helpeth to dry up rheumes and deflations from the heading tyed in 1 c lo th’a^d (meted unto,but being put into a cappe among other thing, for that purpofe.it doth much good: bein» taken inwardlv it eapelleth wmde, the wormea, and women, couries ; ithelpech alto the fticttneffeofbrtaihandcleanftthfhe kidneyesof gravell,and the ftone.and provoke* urine.be,ng taken with honey, and is, .em»dy aeainft noVfote and the biting of the Sptder Pbahn & m m , m i the Scorpion,and as it is fa.d encreafeth miike in womens "reft/ be ingboyled in Vinegar, it helptth the tooth ache to be held in the mouth : thefameufed feurfe, freckles,fpot,,&c. in the sKinne, and hard fwellings allb,and cleanfcth the eyes • bein/bumnd /d ^ away flies,gnats,and the like, the feede was familiarly eaten in former times, beinfft awedon put therein as Poppy feede was. A/pitm faith, that the ufe of the fifth fort is ver y effeftuafl bmh ^ r/rf d ’ S/wT/csX" ^ ^ hereof be teylcd widi Vinegar'afld fo tAe„™nd k". Chap, XX Vf. Tifum cord,,mm vificari urn. The bladder heartlite (potted Pea it. Hfe® ^.h»vedjverfly thought of Ah plant,fome referring it to the kinde of tiatiUcabm of : ^ Winter Chcrry } others to ochetplifirsiycC feting icagrccth with none of them all buc in fome one thing or other, in others wanting fome one thing or other. And becaufe fTou d not findc-af.mny whereintof might chruft it, I have kept it for this place, Untill fome fellow may be found to match it with. Take therefore the defeription thereof thus, ft rifeth up and fpteadeth muchjif ic have good ground to grow in,havir><7 fiindry (lender wcakeftalkes u/hirh i«iii iL a CtD (enh lamelon’ ?h" d '"""f ^ fdfe ^1' thc cla ‘P, crs ic »«*, unleife ic be fuftained whfi fome flake fendte" o/five nm h i C ’ r’ Cry l r£Cne kavCS 011 a " fides ‘ u P° n >™S footeftalkes, being divided cither in o th/e? ,C ; te0 ^f CUUn0 ? thecd R CS; a?thc i°y |lts with the leaves from the a ddc or the italkcoalmoft, upwards, and at rhe coppesofthem likewife, come forth divers fmall whirl c togeth.-r upon a foofeftalke.cach eonfifling of fi ve fmall leaves apee e, wtech paffeTnto fm fluite^n d • ‘ round greene bladders, growing more whitilb as it ripeneth, havine fi*“Seo wteeSihreS m T ™ m minent, and open into three parts.m each whereof lyech one round hard.blackdh’feede of the bi-neffe nf^° rC '* Pcafe, (potted on the fide with a markc.of the forme of a white Hart a, it i‘s uLf? fo rte Sd f g - reat compare it to the (haven ctowne of Monckes and Fryers, Z^roote is tefhy^««KS aSZ%, “ t ‘° me yet periftung every yeare.at die firft approach of a Winters day,whether i/be ripe 0 8 r no and indeede I'did^^’ fee it beare ripe friute with us,no not in the hotteft yeare that I have fowne it. ? ’ did never 1 « , The F lace andTime. it hath come : from Italy, and other parts beyond Sea, but furely even they have received fr from t k pencxh thereafter/" ® rovVeth natura *ly any part o( Europe, itflowfetha/sfaid ver/latc, The Names. Some as I faid have referred ic to the Solatium veScarium, or Halicacabum of DiafcaAA* . . _■ C Halkacaiumy,r eS r\num^r,y,^Tra l „,Fu s hf lm ,G.(J, M Ludm'l^Z Bbbbbb in(J 1578 CHAF.27. c Tbeatrum Botamcum. 1 RIBS and oihcrsMtC^^onTMcori^es earneftly ftrivech to make itch eDorjcnim of ‘Diofcorides, whereuntoitfec- mech lie was led, not onely fromthe feverall parts ot the forme thereof, except the leaves, but alio from the pro¬ perties of the fcede, which as hee faith, he tryed in hma- felfeto he dangerous in provoking fleepe, if too muc (hould be taken, although as he faith it caulech a Iwecte fleepe then Op:«m: but Matthiolvn contelkth agamlt him for this his opinion, but fbeweth no reafons for it: 'I>o- don£M mifliking others opinions, btingeth in one othis owne, that this is Serapio, his Atrongoi Atnegi, menti¬ oned in his 15 3 • Chapter,in theft words: fmall graine fpotted with blacke and white, and like unto the giaine UUaU: hotel affenteth unto fuch of his friends as moke it to be Deojcorides his I/opprum, whereuntoit commeth neerer as he faith, then unto any r Unthiumfiuth lsCMatebiolm gave it for, or as JJedonaue in his French Hetball, Trifoltnmpalnjlre : entail alike,e- very one wanting fome thing or other, Lobel callcthit therefore as it wasufuall, for Ir.dnm, cxVifiam ln icxm, Cordiu eramim cordie, and Tabcrmcntantte Card,firrtm«% Tram alio faith it was called with them Munckj Kopfflm idejl, AUnacbi calvaria, or as Gefintr faith, [apar AIo. nachi, hotelAlo calkth it Pi{«m Cordatum, but Kattbimu putting icamcno: the Peaie.as a fort thereof, calicth it Pt- [pm v'ficarittm frietht nigro alta mnatlata notato. The fertuei. Some aftgnatur would mike it availeable for faintings and other difealesof the heart, but without experience aslthinke. Cordm faith as is before related, tobeagrea: provoker to flcept,even to tbe danger of life, if the quan¬ tity be not proportioned : 1 find not any olthe other Au- thours that hath written of it, hath fet downe any proper¬ ty they knew,or heard co be in it. iifum CordaCuv vefcarium. The bladder hart l;ke fported Peafe, Chap. XXVII. Dtlpbinum five Confiolida regalU. Larkes fpurres ot lieeles. Have in my former Booke flicwed youail the j 3 fs torts ef Larkes fpurres, both tame and wilde, WSA both (ingle and double, both Ample and feverall Item colours,' and party coloured, that I have not a- — -- o 1 ny more to bring to your confideration : Yet f thinke good here to prefent you with fome figures of them, tint I had by mee, and with them a kinde of different Na- fiurtwm Indie urn, in the forme of the leaves, which Label had fotmerly fet forth, taken as it is likely, to the life of the viewed plant,howloeverithathbetne fincemiflikedby ma¬ ny others, yy.-Kd f’nce his time have not obtained the like to feeagaine, yet thathindereth not much the verity of the thin- no more then the relatgm of Uondm the younger, of a whim flower qf this Jtinde, which wee have not as yet ftene neither. Dclpbinumfive (JovfoliJa regalufjlvefirit. Wild Larkes Spurrcs. P£onia % Peony, Lthongh in my former Booke I have Chewed you Come fort, of Peonies, which were the male ' ' M°h, f’^l thrCe ^ ^ " 0t 311 *« « «4nt, thofe ttat W»trf 1 there (hall be fupplyed herewith the Venues more largely ipiplyfied. Ofthe male kindel know but one fort, which is tingle and not double, hovrfoevet Bcjler in horca £r/tetexG erronioullv hath cut,ruled many therewith, wherefore I tliinke it not amide to give you the frures o bo h forts, that the Cert may be knowne by them. h y ° D0W I. Hifpamca The SpanifhdwarfePeony.’ inae as Llutuu (airh.rnfr ixnVhVi; m r.-r_i _ » . • . . -nr j J, r c •J*'r F i nc bpamih d warfe Peony. This dwarfeSpamihkinde as C/«/ w faith.rofc with him from-the feede he receivedVw, leaves that were more finely cut mto divers parts and more pointed alio "reeneon the none r’d 8ro wing with rung as others,and hoary white underneath, among which fp P a ng Pender nale preenr flVt e P I fidc ’ ^ not L fll1 ' and at the toppes of each a fmalier flower, made of eight [caves of a more nnfn m ’ u WCr i h °, tbers ’ double Peony and as fweete, with many white threds tipt with yellow (landing abouKhe ordlnar y ripCl COn ^ in£Ch wrthmi^lackinr blew Tcedcthe root. i s S g landulotts Ukc oeh=r°Se T c; t , , , , Columbine leafed Peony. in any other,cut likewife in on the edges, of a pafogreene colou^ 5°"’^?, ^ lrav “ thcn underneath, foneerely reprefentingColumbine leaves that it will Conned ^ and W0 ? U y or hoary white „ , 4- ?*<»»*femn* Leucantbemit & Ochramhcmos. The female white and T1 Bbbbbb ^ Pebny 1380 Chap.28. Tbeatrum Botanicum . T RiBEl' —-r— ■ „ ’ in his ObfcrvatTons, the other homrirn 'Selim, each of them at- 1 eony having two wi ’ - ✓> ^ r u ere 2r owcth in great plenty, a white Peony,and Honorius Bcllw, that tetling that m the but yet is a prcmi/exaJox donbtfull fort, and yet iincetnen time w v But Cememmu faith thatthat which pafleth under that ti- «,«*.*» •«. “VTr “d ,lt r unlbcucof any that hath K.but words tinpromifem. The doubtfull female Peony. Becaufe the leaves of this Peony have fonrx refemblance to thofe ofthe male.it caufed Label to entitle it Pr.- ' 'behold what urowes aboveground, you would fay »t were a male, butifthe mifcMfivc ncu , y g, y h j, pl - ma de this the mas, but Dodonxm referreth it to the other fort, rootes underground, a alt era, whereby it is plaine that or.e of them was decei- which hath .i,; n i, eatr anfp’ofition of the figures in Lobcl.tox that figure in Mels /«»«,that beareth the hi f h hecfakhwas mo ft common with them, as it is with us, t,t.e tramfc** is the fi " ^ich I thinke doth r.ecrer refemble the leaves ofthe male, let the judi- thc other being . g ( k it j t be erronious.for although Bmbmus taketh 'Dodonstu his famim alte - cious confidcr f ^ O not finde it fo with thofe plants.that ate the mod common female in r«, to be the ^ ol divers forts of the male.and of divers colours, and the white one ourCountiy.an • ■ , v kichhc callcth P cornet mat ftore alba \ butas Dedoneus flieweth, Diofcondes doth hkewi fe, among t ’ h e male and female Peony, firlf by the leaves, the male to be whole and not divi- ri’d' 1 h y r IT i unto thofe of the W allnut tree, and fecondly in the rootes, that they arc (ingle and not gtanduleus, as is*the ( male,which truth will utterly confound both Be]ler m 4Bauhmm opinions therein and Label, and C»- merarttts alfo.to make any premifeua, all the other forts (hewing themfclves to be females by their rootes. 6 Pconia femiXA ft alpha pre tfr plena,ex femme port* plem rubrl vuloArtt not*. Certai-ie finale and double female Peonyes, that fprang with Clufms of the feede of the double red. cIuGhi faith that having in fome yearcs feede from the ordinary double red Peonyfwhich isnotufuailj bee f I hr arrl ithio three veares he had plants that bore flowers, fome fingle and fome double: of the (ingle ^Msone e bore n fioweK for colour mod like unto the mother, but was fingle, confiding onely of fix ^ cavea ’ «!** ordinal V female doth : Another bore a larger flower of eight leaves, whofe colour was of a deeper red. drawing fome what to blackncffe : A third bore 1 double flower,as great as the mother plant or greater, and of the fame , , .. r 1 L J „ s h- faith another like the mother plant in leaves,fcc. whole flower wasdouble.butlcffer and noi io 'hike of leaves, the colour whereof was oVa deepered, being neere the h.gneffe of the double blnfh.having fome blatke veines in thofe leaves that grew m the middle. T£Ovia ftmtnn vulgiris fore fimplici. The nrHin.-irv finale female Peony. r p« mhl ( y „ fome have it Pm »W; deceived, for I verily th.nke they were die fame white rootes which now are taken and called DilUmnwM^ when they arc the rootes of the Fr,x*u!U as 1 shewed before in that Chapter foX r Fl .‘ wh" h h° r W i re a V hc h lvhi£h ™ d >e more herein, becaufe7V, t «. faith" theTcaves ofdh r £°“ y winch he tooketo hethe male, had leaves like an Alla,or Licoris, and foch ale the F^!i“eave° Si mwhm;ft f bedl i/? ° nab , lc ^, iaiy ’ 111 the fevtntli Chapter of his firft Bookc, with DilUna, S ftakenm thefenttobe hke Cmarnon, unlelle it be divers in the*Wtraft from others Antf/h^ {lieu cd before alio, that wc want not couzcners, and deceivers, to fell the white mme-o 'af ^ * ^ ave foj white Peony rootes. There needeth not anyVurrher e*$^ Z|“ Gichtw,,, the Dmcb*,JZ72 bu v accordin s- coonr ow " £ «■• likewifc, and bitterneffe /oyned together, wherry .tle^uajl "pS^* Bbbbbb 5 nefft 1382 Chap.2^, Theatrum ‘ Botantcum . 1 R IBE 15 neffe of an Almond, in powder be taken in honied Wine: by the acrimony and bittemeffc therein, n.sgood to open the obftrua.ons of the liver, and kidneyes, and the yellow J.undUc and (lone- and by the aftringent qua- Uty to (lay the fluxes of the belly, but the more effeaually i thedecoa.on thereofbe taken that ,s made with htill or red Wine: by the notable drying quality therein allo.fauhhe, I doubted nottohelpcch.ldrenthere- w h that had the falling fickneffe.by tying it about their neckes. And mdeede I law a cb.lde freed from that difeafe that had for eight whole moneths together,worne a good peece of the roote about him,and that as oone as that peece by feme chance fell from about his necke or was taken away for tryal of the matter, he fell mto the difeafe aoaine : but having a frcih one applyed to him aga.ne, he became perkaiy well: the reafon where¬ of may be, that the Spirits thereof drawne into the pores by the inward heate, and outward a,re,pierced the pla¬ ces efeted with the dilbalc.and cured it: for after the fame manner doth the Succue Cjreuatcus, that is the bed LafJ or Lafe^puhsm, cure the uvula, or palate of the mouth as we call it, whenit is fa nedo^e, orfwolne through rheume: eras Nigella feede being fryed and bound m athmnewatme lumen cloith, doth dry up the thinne and troublelome deilillations ofrhenmes, by the hot breath thereof rrfing through thenolrr, Is: as alfo if divers threds dyed in the purple fiarcolour.be bound about a Viper or Adders necke audit thereby ftrangled, and they afterwards bound about their neckes that havelwell.ngsor other dileaies in then-neckes and throates, doe marvailoufly helpe them : thelebe Galens words: but our age hath not onely found Gate experiments true on children the roote ( of the male rather then the female, yea the male not the female,and that frefh and not dry,if you m’eane it (hould doe good; is robe hanged aboutthear neckes, and that the decofhon thereof to be taken inwardly, to make it the more availcable, and that alfo in older perfonyf the difeafe be notgrowne too old and part cure, for whom the roote of the male Kinde wafhed cleane, damped fomewhat fm ill, and laid to infiife in a fufficient propo; tion of Sacke for twenty foure tioures at the lead, after drained, and given firft and 'ad a pood draught for fund y dayes together, before and alter a lull moone, curcththat fickeneffe, if there be adue and orderly preparauono ( thebodyafo eiiand with poletdrinke made of Betony,&c. as the learned Phy- fitian can bed appoint: the roote alfo is tftefhiall for women that are not diffidently cleanfed after child-birth, and for fitch alfo as arc t oublef with the mother, for which iikewile the blackc Iced being beaten to powder is given in w inc, the red fcedcs being taken for fluxes: the blacke alfo taken before bed tune, and in the morning alfo is very effiftuall for Inch as are in theii fleepe troubled with the difeafe called Epbia/ttt, or Incubus, which PH„. ca Ileth 'nppefio msHutna, we ulually call it chc night mare,which is a fupprefTing both of voice and breath, i oppreflinu rhe body as it were.with tome heavy burthen,driving ca be ealed thereof, but feeming not to be able nor to cad for helpe, Melancholly perfons being for the mod part fubjeft to chisdikafc: it isalfogooda- gaind melancholly dreames, Matthsolus donbteth whether our Peony, be that which Galen ufed, becaufe many Phyfitians as he faith in his tin e failed in the cry all thereof on young children, and I am in doubt that Tragut his male Peony fpoken of here before, was that which they ufed, and thennomarvaile if it proved notcffcauall as they expcffcd.yct faith Mattfnolus cur Peony leedes is availeable to reftore fpeech to thole that have loft it,if thir¬ ty graines husked be made into powder and given in Wine: it is alfo faith he, good againft the Bitings of Ser¬ pents not onely to be drunke but to be laid on the bitten place, which thing Tragus faich of his male Peony, which as 1 lhcwed you before, is the Fraxinclla. The deftilled water or Syrupe made of the flowers, worketh to the lame effcfls that the roote and feede is applyed before,although more weakely. The male kinde being lo lcarle a p! ant and poflefi'ed but by a few,and thole great lovers of rarity in this kinde, and the Female being mote fre¬ quent, the one is ufually put inftead ot the other. Chap. XXIX. Pappas five 2? attatas. Potatoes. CteSiiSS&Hcre arc divers forts of rootes that are called Potatoes with us, ferving for foode or delight, more then for medicine whereof all that are truely knownc to us, what face or forme of leaves andflow- ers they bcareaiecxpi died in my former bookethere are many more of the fame quality 5 befides others that ferve in Head of bread, familiar to tire Natives both of the Eaft and Weft Indies, whole : names 01 eiy ate extant in thole Authvurs Workes that have written of them,without any further de¬ claration either of forme or any property, but that the rootes are eaten by rhem.fome being of better tafte then o- thers & longer lading, among whom as I take it the Igname or Inhume ,is a principall one, whereof Scaliger firft, and C lupus afterwards,have given us the bed information. C In fun faying it is alfo called by lome Camotes, el- motes and Aies.hW he faith of k is thi-.that lome Portugal! Ships that were taken by the/MWcrr, had divers of thele rootes in them fome bigger then othersifor lome as he faith were as bigge as ones armc, and of a foote long or more,others Idler,and lome thickc and fhort having fome fmall tubers thrufting out at che lower parts of them, but all of them covered with an uneven and rugged barke, with many fibres at them : the iubftancc of the roote within, being white, foft,lappy,tender,and as it were kernclly, and ofnounpleafant tafte (that is the raw roote for he faith he tailed it) at che firft, but a little rough and (harpe afterwards: but being rolled under the embers it tafteth more tender then any Chefnut, and fomewhat like a Peare, but faith he what (hike or leafe it bore hce could not underhand of any : onely he faith he received one that was Cent him that had afprout at the head of it, which was broken off in the carriage, as the figure here exprdleth it unro you, but Label in his tAdvcrfaria, faith he underftoodihac thofe rootes of the Inhume, that were brought from Ethiopia and Cjuiney, bore Mallow-like leaves (and differeth fromthofe of Spuine, and the Canary Iflands, which are our ordinary great Potatoes jand luch like leaves doth Lugctunen/Is give to an American plant called Hetich whofe roote is fomewhac like it and e- dible C'ufi’n alio fpeaketh of another fort of thefe Inhumes , which as he faith fome called Teem Peru, bur the' Portugal! Jnhume as the former, which although it were like the other, yet the barke was more uneven,and fome as it we r e fome knobbes thereon, with fmall fibres going from them, an d from the head of the toote, went but hard great itringes,of a foote long,which were prickly for the mod part. Clufisu feemethto referre the Virginia Potatoes ,co the Arachiina Thcophrafli, and Lugiunenfu faith lome did the Manihot, and that this Jnhame was referred referred to TheophraflM his Araca fimifos But BaabU ^ nus his 0 vingum, or Vingum , and Oetftm by Tlinj, fo variable are mens conceitcs, efpecially in things ob- feure orunknowne,or when they doe raptim with¬ out due confidcration fentcnt'utmproferre. But Scali - ger Exercitat . 181. 17. feemeth to know three o- therforts,befidcs the ordinary,which will abide good withoutperifhing fora wholeyeare, and therefore the Spaniards ufc to bring the nto Sea with them,and call it Jgname cicorero : the other will laft nothing fo long, whereof that which groweth in the Country of Bcnim J is of an excellent rellifh, but that of congo is the worft, and that of Saint Thom?, which is as yellow as a Carrot js of mo ft efteeme: the planting hereof faith he,is wonderful, for it is not done by put¬ ting the rootes into the ground, but a (hike taken therefrom cut in long peeces', and holding fome barke thereon, and fo thru! into the ground, will in five tnoneths be good to be gathered: it hath faith he, a leafe fomewhat like unto that of the Citron tree,both in forme and Iufter,but fmaller and thinner: it runneth on poles that are fet for it like Hoppes •* the roote like the Rcede^r Dragons hath fourc or five fuckers joy- nad to it : this manner of planting this Inhawe (avou- reth fomething of that of the JlTanihot or lucca, wher- of the Caflavi is made: if there be not a miflake, it is wonderfnll chat two rootes fhould be fo propagated. 1384 C* A P.30. Tbeatmm c Botanicum . Tr ib 15 . Chap, XXX. Rofa Hiericontea. The Rofc of Hicricbo, |Here hath beene obferved two (ores of this fmall plant, called the Rofe 0 fHiericbo, the one accounted a 1 Wilde fort^and yet the one groweth in as barren places as the ocher, 1. Roja Hiericontea vulgo ditta. The vulgar Rofe of Hicricbo. The Rofe of Hicricbo is a fmall bufhy plant growing full of wooddy brittle branches, fee in a round compafle,and fyndry fmall leaves on rhcm,farre Idler rhen thofe of the Willow, and more necre unco the Privet: the flowers (land thicke clultring together, made ol foure white leaves growing out of long huskes,wher* -Rofa Hiericontea. in afterwards is contained two fmall feede, the roote is long and wooddy. This is faid to fmell fomewhat fweete.but I could never finde it fo,and to tafte fome- whac fh 3 rpe. 2. Rofa Hiericontea Jylveftris, The wildc Rofe of Hiericho. The wild fore groweth in the lame manner, as the former,but the wooddy flalkes are differ and harder to breake^and hath (as it is faid) neither lmell nor tafte. TbeTlace and Time, Both thefe forts grow in Syria and Arabia, as Bel - bitiM and RaurcolfiM have obferved in their travailes. The Names, It is called Rofa dc Hierirho , and H t ericcor.tea , and Rofa Marie, by all that have wrictcnof it,(the Monkes as Bellonhi faith,being the firft inventors, of the name, and of the fuperftittons they added to it, when as he faith he found none hereof growing about Hiericbo % but oncly in Arabia, in the defarc land ncere the red Sea) except Cordus and his Father before him, who tookc it to be Aotomum,but faith Anthmius CMufa con- traryed that opinion for divers refpe'fls, and ycthec contumatioufly would uphold his father error, which fnewethhow neceffary unto fee the face of things growing as Camerariu* *nd others,who having fovvne the feede, doth fay it doth in fomc fort reprefent a Thlajpi, having but a little fharpe tafte in the branches oncly and roote. Rattrcolfm faith he found the other fort in Syria, growing among the rubbifh, and on the hoiifrs,and the f cfore called it a wildc kinde, Cordus to put a diftin&ionbetweene thefe two forts, called the former Amomum, and the later Amomit, comparing and fitting the description of Amomum in Viofcorides , unto the forme and parts thereof,yet how like foever he would make it,it commcth farre tbort of the true Amomum, asitis well knowne now adayes, ^erardan the contrary fide would referre it to a Heath, who is as farre wide as the other. TbeVcrtties,, It is not found ufefull in phyfleke for any refpeft that I can learnc : this onely property is in it, that how dry foever the plant is,being brought from beyond Sea,yet if it be fee in water for a while, it will dilate and open it felfe abroad,that all the inward parts may be diftin&ly obferved how it groweth, and although the leaves arc all loft,yet the feede and the veffells remaioC, from whence if it be frc(h,the feede taken hath growne, and will clofe up againe after a while,that it is taken out of the water, not as the fuperftitious Monkes,falfely fained that it did open miracuIoufty,that night that our Saviour was borne,and that it would doe f« in what houfe foever it is,when the woman with childc abiding therein, (hall be neetc her cijiic of delivery :fbr wkhmoy flute as I faid it will o- pen,and not without it. ARB O' Trib* i6. Chap. i. 1385 ARBORES, ET FRV TICES- TREES AND SHRVBS, CLASSIS DECIMASEXTA. THE SIXT EE^T H T< 1 { 1 BE, CHAP. I. Q«m», The Oke. N thisClaffis, I am to (hew you all thofe kindes of Trees, whether they be tali and great, or lelier, ufually called Shtubbes, which grow naturally in thefe Countries of TT*"’’ th k eheth . cr P WoUfric*, bed and longed knowne to us.and Europe, and that have not beene difpcr edly already (poken of heretofore : For the infinite kindes that grow m Jfia major the Eafl India, and America,the Weft India, befides that we want the knowledge of the moll ofthem; would furnifh a capacious volume by them- felves: and therefore in my laft Claffis I will onely give you a hint of fomej either of beftuie .or bed knowne, and in this.as I thinke is fitted,begin with the Oke The Trees that beare Acornes, called inlatine CUndfera arbores, doe compre- „ , hendfive (everall kmdes, which are Qaems, ilex, Saber, Smilax f r 1 ’ and Ph / la * r J ! > and [° r want of fit Exgliji names to lort unto each,we are forced to call them all Oke 1 i and to ditl.nguilh them, give: them feverall epithites, according to their qualities. The Q uercas or Oke ^parjed a- game into five forts.all of them having divided leaves.called Rtth,PhtjphjUos Latifolia Quorcur, Homeri, ^hicEty- modry, for.qaerc«s or * »*., Efculnr,Mf, Corns mas vel majors gUde, and Hali hUosCorn. fJmU ofZZrJte ' ° ftllefeandt heirfoverall#««r,n this Chapter, andofthe red in the focceeding, {Zy ti • t-t t i . . Q genus latifiha, 7 he broad leafed Oke. 1 his Oke, which as T cake it is the moft common in our Land cro Wcfri to be a prear tree nf r ance efpeciaUyifitgrow ma fertilefoyle, thettunckeor bodfwWiseov^d wENAkfeXT; full of chops and clifts: the armes or boughes like wife are great, difperfinBthemfelvesfarreabroad andlv 7’ cut in or gafiled about the edges,fmooth, and of a firming grecne colour, whereon is often k a ’ a r ” y dew.feme what clammy, and upon divers ofthem are found growing a round fponnye fubftan^ LT? ^i" Apple, whereof I flaall fpeake more hereafter.amongthe fortsof excwffences Ebeareth t a M „'^ fmTrc"’ a” " s C T fe “ 5 °" A” 3 fhlkeS ’ which wholl >’ fal1 aw ay in the beginnhw of the hT TE- fru.te or Acornes r.fing up in fundry other places, upon fhort (hikes, two or three for the mod part ovnedTo'’ ether, who.e outer rinde or skinne is brownebeine ripe and toupb the lower end befna Or- i \ ^ r°~ rough hollow cup.the nut or kernell within being hard.cleaving inw twoand ofaiafonab ef “ 3 ^ The root: s are great,and fpread farre and deepc, fome ihinkJfoatthey^runneas deene wn if T ^ grow high above ir. The timber or wood is firmc.ftrong tough and yellowifii.with a fmood creatTat' 5 ^ imoother and firmer in fome places then in others, beinq the moft durable either above nr™, a § rain ^ > f ec hni, or m the water,beyond any other kind of timber almoft.and enduring both mailing and^rou whT’ °" ' ' = the outer part being called the fappe, is as all know whiter and lefie durable. J g h toVe a “ ! Some have made one or two foits more of this kinde, one with greener,yet more hairv or wonli i j with fo many deepe cuts therein,that they feemc as curld thereby , another with™ fliortefoeafe n J V ,. at thebottome, bath ofthem with fmaller Acornes then the former r/.n r I , d morc I i >gge-d f'"* kinde hereof moll likely.not farrefrom LifrbZ not Iboveafoote hi^bearin‘V f ° lWd ^Ttfe^- edges,whofe acornes were as great as thofe of the common Oke but ver/hl’rrcr ‘ n =^. roa( ? leaves with fliarper and faith alfo that on the hilsneere the Straights or HercJle /pillars thereto ft " ndl . n 8 m> ‘moodier cuppe, H> ,lu ‘ leaves all the Winter, and T> Mmpm reporteth the fame to be found on the hihf’and foofodi^ ate r‘T failed R, IBE 16. [he [heater of 'P'Lints. Chap.i. called Ania, bordering on France, as fisny our ot Theopbrnfim lpeakah ot one in 2 hajine ngro ubi Sybarisjiui: that did not fpring till Midl'otnmcr, and kepc thegreene leaves in the w inter. 2 . Hemcriifive Robnr. The Itrong or Gall Oke. ThedrongorGallOke (call it which you will, tor both names lit it well, the one from the Latine word-fev- bur that is ftrength, and the other becaule it efpecially bcareth Gailcs^ growtth not fo high or great as the for- tner,but (hotter and more crooked, y et (pleading faire branches, let with Jong leaves like the former, but more cut in on the edges,and hoary underneath : they Bower and beare Ackornes like the former, but not fo plenti¬ fully are grcater.danding on longer flalkes.being fweeter allo.bt fides which Ackcrnes,it bcareth alfo a round wooddy fubltance which is called a Gall: the wood or timber hcicof is hardly to be bored. Of this kmdc there are divers forts forae grow ing much lower then others, fome having their leaves lelTe cut in or jagged on the edges, and lome bearing more (lore ofGalles, others no Ackornes at all, feme agatne beare «f iff- great Galles,other fmaller,fome knobbed or bunched,others lmooth : lome ot one fafliion, others of another, and %Cr f e - of colour fome white,(omcreddifli,others yellow,and lome (mail and greene,which is die Ompbttsiiie. }. 'Fbagut five Efcuhts. The lweete Oke. This fweete Oke called in Latine Ejculiu [ab efcavcUb <■/» becaule the Ackorne is the fweetell in tafle, and fitted to be eaten ofanyj hathafhtrt truncke or body incmnparil'onof the firft Oke, and like unto the GallOkej growing with thicker and more bufhing branches, full ot leaves which are thicker and narrower, and witli more feparatc gafhes.of a darke greene colour on the upper fide,and whiter underneath the Ackornes grow feldome two together on afliort thicke dalke (tenderer, more pointed and (ticking fader m the rough ptickly cuppes to the middle of them.butas I faid is the tweeted of any other, comparing with the Chefnuc. when it isroded or fod.and in many places in iy«Kc,fervc for the poore to feede on as tbeir daily food, and the Rich for j'unketsac their table,as weufe to doe with fruite of all forts,according to the time ot the yeare,and will as much intoxicate ^ ^ thebraihe as Darnell in bread. There is another differing fort hereof, whofe Ackorne is greater, and will more gi[ cm jp: ea(ilyfalloutofthecuppe,byreafonoftheheavinclleof the Ackorne. They have in Virginia a goodly tall Oke, j„e. which they call the white Oke, becaule the baike is whiter then of others, whofeleafe becaule it fo necrely re- -Alien fembleth this fweete Oke,I hav* j'oyned with it,the Ackorne likewife, is not onely fweeter then others, but by Fi/pnia'r boyling it long,it giveth an oyle which they keepe to fupplc their j'oynts. 4 . i/Egilops five Cerrue mas. The male bitter Oke. The male bitter Oke fo called of the extreame bitrerneffe of the Ackornes, feldome groweth neere any habita¬ ble places, but mod ulually in great woods,and rifeth up with a tall draight body/pteading large armes and bran¬ ches, whereon grow thicke long leaves,with deeper gadies therein then in any other: the Ackorne is fmall (hort and blunt,and very bitter, almod wholly covered in the rough flat huske, which is fet with fhaepe prickles, of i grayifh colour: the wood or timber is drong if it dand upright, and durable being kept dry, but in that it is ot a loofer fubdance it quicklyerrotteth,yct is a fit fewellfor coales and the fire, if it doe not require any great hcatec a, Galia minor. The Idler Gall of the Gall tree. 3. Th.igwt five Efcuhu noflras folium OjiercRt alb$ "tiitgmUni* The fwcece Oke»and a leafc of the white Oke of Virginia. certify mi* a ^Ijus imm.itura. T/ic wiripc Ackome of the female hicccr Okc. divers through neceflity eate of the Ackornes, notwithftanding the bit- ternelfc, buftheydoc engender much headache: Dyervallo ufethisto llrikcablacke colour, but it will hold leffe then that which is made with Gallsby much. y. HaliphUm five Cerrut famina. The female bitter Oke. ThisotherbitterOkc(which from the Grccke name, might tc called the thicke barkt Okc,or elfe from the thicknefle of thebavke be reckoned a kinde of Corke tree, but that other things doe not agree r! crcunto)hath arcafonabletall thicke, but fomewhat crooked body, co vered with a ve¬ ry clicke afhcolouiea grayifli barke, having fuch (hort branches, that it feemeth as continually kept lopt and poled, the leaves are like to the male kinde, butnarrower and longer, whofe entsor gafhes are no: fobroad open being hard,rough,and of a darker greene colour: the Ackomc here¬ of is fmallvr then in any other, except the Scarlet Holme .’kc, hereafter fet forth, and is (o fliort that it fcarfe fhevveth it felfe out of the (harpe and prickly cuppe,like to the male kinde,and is aimofl as bitter,the wood _ « or timber hereof is loofe, weake.ind foft,neither firuic nor llrong, whereby it is the more fub jeCt to putre. action, and unfit for building,or any other but fmal! worke. , There is another fort oblcrved hereof in fome woods, whofe leaves are not fo much gafhed.and the AcKornes being greater, grow three or foure together,without any (hike, whole huske or cup is as fiiarpe and prickely as the other of thele kindes. 7 he Place anUTime, The firfiOkeisthemoft gencrall throughout the land,growing on high or low grounds indifferently,yet flow* riflibeftinafmitcfull ground: the other kindes that I can heare of, are not growinjany where withus, al¬ though there is (ome variety found ill the timber of ours,fome being of a finer graine, and fmoother, inortcr, and whiter wood,others a courier graine,tougher,ftronger and more coloured: but they are moll frequent in Italy, Spatne,and other hot climates,their long catkins or bloomings come forth early in the Spring, and fall away for the moft part,before chc leaves doe come forth,the fruite or Ackornes arc not ripe untill OHobtr. The Names, The Oke is called in Greeke I'jur, and is a generall word for all trees that beare Ackornes,as the Latines Q_uer. cue is,buc more ftriCfly taken, it fignifiech this Oke,which is called by moll in Grccke , in Latinc La- t folia, after gatjx. The IttUais call it the Spaniards Q*r*is the bed Authours that I read make Hemeris to be if bur,gaza tranflateth it loon times PUctda, ar.d fometimes Querent. Theopbrafitu faith that the ^Macedonians in his time called it Etjmodrys, and by Gaea Veri quercus, and of fome Querent robur,vc\i Galta arbor: the Ita/ians Roverojke Spaniards Enzina, and fome PortugaUs Carvalla ,the French Roble ,and Roure ,in Dutch Sjckenboom. The third is called in Greeke Phagus in I.atine E[culns,ineti say-E, as the Latines doc ob efca vel efu : Casts in eradiating this unto Fagus 7 according as Pimp had fo done before him,hath bcene the csule why lo many have erred in taking this Phages of Theophra. Shts, to be the Fagus of the Latines, which is in Englijh the Beech tree, when as they might plainely fee that Then- f4raj?»/reckoncthitasaliindeofOke, and that beareth the fvvcecclt Ackones, but Fagus the Beech tree beareth no Ackornes,but a tbrec fquarenuc like achefnut: The Italians call it £fihia,s\is Romanes Efcvlo , the Spaniards Euadna ,and the Ackornes Dillotas. The fourth is called in Greeke Atyibb nr£gilopi, of the MacedoniansSncn’ Afpris,'m Lttinc ferrut,or Cerrisis (ome have it,yet fforymaketh mention both of eA-gilops and Cerrus, fome doe ciWitCerrHsmas ,dr Cerrtimajorc glar.de, in comparison cf the next, GcrWcalleth ic the Holme Oke, and hiaCorreftor letteth it fo parte, when as the Hex Cocctgera is more fitly to be fo called,becaufe the leaves there¬ of are much more like unto the Holme or Holly bufh.thenthisis ; the Italians call it cerro, they of Cyprus Sio, and other places in the bottome of the Straights,call the Ackornes hereof Cjalliones: the Word taEgilops doth al- fofignifie akinde of wilde Oates, as is declared before among the Grades The laflis called inGreeke'AMVo/Sy- it£ioras fome read it»v»x«©-, in Latinealfo Haliphleut, lutofmoft Cerrus famina, and of fome Cer- rie minors glands, Gaza tranflateth ic Saljicortex, thinking it tooke the name from <**© which is fat, and cortex, but the barke hereof is noc more fait, but more thicke then others, and therefore it is derived from &■« and t>oiCr y a corticu crajfitudine , the Italians cM ic Forma. The fruite of the Oke is called in Greeke £*'•“■©■ Balaam, in Latine Gians, t uiboth Greekesand Latinesrc- ferre the word ro divers other ftuites of trees, as AiO-fesr©-, Iovitglms ihe Walnut, and glans Sardinia the Chefnut, and *onu»£«t*.c«©-, Gians Pbcmcea ,or Palma the Date, and UnuQr Balanus Myrepfica,os Giant mguentana or Nux beny he oylic Nut Ben,in ItalianChiaioj, m Spanifh Bctlotxs, i n French un ghand, m Dutch Eckel, in Englijh Ackorne, and Made, which ) et is faid to be the fi nice of ih; Beech, and fome other trees. The cup or huske wherein the Ackorne llandeth is called in Greeke Sf/yaw, in Lat.ne Calyxglandis in the Apothecaries (hops Cupula glandis. TbcVcrtues. The leaves and barke of the Okes.and the Ackorne cups doe binde and dry very,much, and are fomewhat cold withalfbut the Ackornes themfelves are neither fo cold nor fo much binding,yea wc lave a generall received o- pimonthit Ackornes in pouchcr drunke in wine are good tohelpc Hitches and paines in the (ides, but they usu¬ ally put a few bay berries unto them in the taking : the inner barke of the tree,and the chinne skinne chat covereth the Ackorne, are mod ufed in PhyfickctoClay the fpitting of blood, and the bloody fix: the decortion of that barke and the pouther of the cups doe lfay vomitings or cartings, fpitting of blood, or blcediw at the mouth or otherfluxe of blood in man or woman, laskes alfo,and the involuntary fluxe of naturall feede: the Ackornes in pouther taken in wine, provokeih urine, and rcfifttththepoyfonof venemous creatures, and the decoftionof them and the barke made in milke and taken rcfirteth the force of poyfonous herbes, and medicines as alfo the virulency of Camharides, when as by eating them, the bladder is cxulcerated, and they piffc blood. ’ Hipocrates faith he tiled the fumes of theOkenleaves to women that were troubled with the rtrangling of the mother: and galen faith he appiyed them being bruifed to one that had a wound with an axe or hatchet, not having any "thing elfe neere at hand, and thereby fodered up the wound, and kept it from inflammation. The cup, of the Ack ornes are more binding then the Ackornes by much in any thing. Thcdiltilled water of the Okcn budds before they breakeotit into kaves.isgoodto beulrd cither inwardly or outwardly,to affwage inflammations, and to (fay all manner of flexes in min or woman, The fame water is lingular good in peltilcntialland hot burning fevers, for it rcfirteth the force of ihe infection andalayerhthe extreame heace : die fame water alfo drunke as'cJVs tthiolus faith,cooleih ihe hea e of the Liver,hreaketh the (lone in the kidneyes, and rtaycth womens courles: tl edecoirti- onof the leaves worketh the feme effects. The u arcs thu is found in the hollow places of old Okes is very effe- duall againff anv foule or I'preadmg Icabfce: ti e Ackornes faith Galen being eaten arc hrrd of di»cftion, breedc windinefle, car, C: headache and a ki de of giddinefle, ro avoid (uch inconveniences they arcboyled or roarted before they be eaten, and thereby they become leffe windy and more pleafant, yet it is extant by the teftimony -of Hiftoiiansand Port(,that the elder age before it knew the ufe of cornc and bread thereof, lived upon Ackornes and were Curtained thereby, yea they had the Oke in that honour that they dedicated it to Iupiter, efpecially that kin le called gfculus, bccauiethat Iupiter himlelfe fed thereon and wasnourifhedby them, and the ufe of them is not every where yet utterly extinguifhed, for that as I laid before, the poore people in Spame in fome places, make thefe Ackones a part of their feeding, and the rich have them lerved to their Tables for an after courfe.as with us is ufed wihAppes,Nuts,and fuch like fruites as the feafons require. Thereis (aid to bea greatAnti- pathy,betiveer,e the Oke and the Olive, as alfoberwecne the Okeand theWalnut, the one not to grow neere where the other is planted : theenppes of thefwecteOkeor Acornc, as Bclloniui faith in his Booke of Obfcrva- tions, are ufed in greece and eMfui the ldfe, and Natalia to tanne or thicken their raw hides,as our Tanners ufe to doe with Oken barke, and 1 doe not thinkc but the cuppes of our Ackornes would doe as much, if any would make the tryall. He alfo faith that the Turkes in Macedonia and other places inTurkie, ufe the leaves of Sumach for the fame purpofe, and they of -yEgppt and Arab : a. ufe thecods of Acacia, the prickly bindin» tree, they of Phrygia mdLejbbos,' the barkeofths pitch tree, and they of Illyria, the leaves of the Mirtle tree, that beareth hlacke berries: fo that it feemeth m iny things may wotke that effort,feeing every Country taketh that which is familiar to it. Cccccc Cm a. i39° C* A P.2. Theatrnm Botanicuni. Tr I B K Deli is ’Vi¬ de Biuhivi 1. GetU oaoiam Icvii epa- iti it id is, 2 . 7 iluU Huc rests . ?. A jus) fa. 4 .tafla- Chap. II. Sxcrejfentin Q uercuum. The Excreflences ofthefe Okes. Here a-c a great many things that bre.'de upon fundry of thcfeOkes, fume of one faftrionfome of an- ■ other, and (o in fubfhnce likewife, (oft or hard, befides the Oke Apple and the (Sail, whereof I in- Tfea tend to fpeakefirtl. I have given you the detcription of the tree in the Chapter lad going before this, —i vv iu but onely (hew you here the diverfities of the Galles, and the good ufes they are put unto for medicine,or other purpoies, and I cannot underhand that any of rheotler former kindes doebeate Galles but thofethac are here let downeby thenameof Rolmr , which is the fecond fort: foralthough divers of them have a fhew of Galles, which made M u . 0 f t g em water is of a meane alfnffion: but in Wine is againft the diffentery“dWineftronner then it: if women fit in or over this deration being wartne, that Wronger, and in harlh or red \ n a er it will helpe them: theGallcs themfelves alter the boyling, are troubled with the falling down o ; s J falne downc, or that hath any hot lwelling or inflammation being btuifed and when they a’re burned and quLched hot in Wine or Vinegar, doth wonderfully helpe them . . an lacCit h ey alio dyethehai.es blacke, and with them is made our are good to be apply ed toftanch g p u P kn ow: the Oke Apple is much of the nature of the Sail, yet writing incke, and the, , d want 0 t Galles.for rhcumes.fluxes, and fuch other like difeafes, and inferiour the.eunto, but may t . j Country Italians, as Gerard doth of our Kenttjb men, that to good purpofe, O * r » X ° hath it ofGalles, and GerardofOke Apples, butbothalike true, as much to one purpofe, having hat • • Slhlt />„„/, day.and Saint Switkens day, and the like, which favour are a number of fuch pi ognolticat g > h confidence of Gods providence, to relye on fuch vaine more of Pagamfme thcnChrilliamty.to drive'us from b bv ^ which is,that in the Gall (in the and weake lignes.or fpeculations, an y creatures, wliich will prognofiicate the courfe of the fuccee- Oke Apple faith Gera.d) Lie in every Country) it a Flye faith dmg yeare (in every Country, for th.Gall or the We App« “ ^. u # crecping Vorme be found in the Afarfiio/w.itp efag.tb V , . , victual, ■ if a white wormelike a magot faith Gerard, i murrainc Call faith Mauh'U* itforca or mortality : but leafi I grow too ofbeaffs and catt.e . butifaSpidc y y . r u,ik orv ot Hcrbes, I muff pafle no further, bat leave it to eve- tedicus in this ddcourfidMie txttinent to this eu H ifto ^ ^ Lftions. The Oke grape doth binde all fluxes, ry manash;smmdeisaffc&cd.andto Godihe Judge i-l*./£«h ,>rOlrp Annie efoecwWvhv Enccliw LtheeofbloodorRumours .and prefer,^ b^- who is the firfi that I knowhachwrii.en . Theredgrame thatis foundonthe read or beard. olictccort. i ctiiru- Chap. III. Vi/cum . Miffellto. Btaufe the be ft Miffellto groweth upon Okes (ometimes.but moreu^ thought good to cntre.tc hereof next unto the Gall, an f. tdeo Lu t fothatthcteate fome va, ieties found ter by it iclfc, not onely for the caufes before alledgcd,OUt tor tnat in ^.^ 41 v C i. Vifcum vfil?arc. The ordinary Miffelto. • Mirtellto ril'eth up from the branch or arme of the tree whereon K growth WJ rlacing themfelves it felfe into fundry branches,and rhey fpread.ng againe into many *J e “ , fe t at every joynt or knot one within another,very much covered with a grayilh greene , r > • ottome but broader toward the end: and at the end hkewife, which are fomewhat long and narrow,fmaU ^ mt0 fmaU round at the knots or joynts f the boughes and branches, grow finall y w j t h a blackifh feede in every of white tranfparent berries,three or foure together, full of aglnanaBSBMfture, 'with them, which was never yet knowne to fprmg.be,ng put ,«o the ground or “y ^0 together at a knot, then CamerariH, maketh mention ofone fort hereof,that had many more berries growing g theformer, but not to differ in an>-'thing clle. m have found Miffellto growing on Olive it makcch the trees ba r ren that hath it 0 j j n dm. The Indian trees Excrcffence (which for want °f ^yd^greeneftalkes with faire^r L^tS ^rteSSSr^p =^iSr Ch0fthelelMVeSrifCth up a long fpiked head of fmaU of Per«! § rr „ ^ . f . This other firange plant alfo, that is referred to the Miffe ' 1 'Xslthand wh^eit bfaSSSSeh tifh unpleafant «fte like Niter,perhaps taken from the Sea aite it fee eth. rk Tk. 1 Bfi l6. Tbe Theater of T/ants* Cmap*3, 1393 Vifcui qutranwi. Miflcllco ofcbc pkc. 2. Vifcumlndicum GT Tolicoaon, The Miflcllco qflndia,and that with many berries together. The Flace and Timel 3. VIfeum Terkvlanum, The firft groweth very rarely on Okes with us, but upon fundryother as vTcil MiffcUio timber as fruite trees, plentifully in Woods, Groves, and the like,in all the Land, but that with many berries in Germany,.&c. the other two grow in the Weft Indies, from whence onely f'otne branch or other was brought by a friend. Our Miffellto flowreth in the Spring time,but the berries be not ripe untill OElober, and abide on the branches all the Winter,unlefTc the Blacke birds,and other birds doe devoure them. Tbe Names, It is called inGreeke ’t?»< by Diofcorides, and fo is the Birdlime made thereof al- fo,and»^i«by T hcopbrafltts who faith alfo that in Euboea it is called Stelie , and in Ar¬ cadia Hyphear: yet lib,^, c. 16. ofhis Hiftory, he faith that Stelie groweth on the North fide of the ilex,2nd Hypke.tr on the South,& fo they differed one from another in fome thing, which he hstb no where exprell, in Larinetii/cKi and Vifeum, and fo alfo the Birdlime made of the berries , asareall thefeforts called by a'[Writers, that have wiicten either of the two laft, fmcctobcl, with their feverall ad/nmffes. The Arabians call ic Debacb, Dabncb and Hale, the Italians Vifchtoyhte Spaniards Li- framorebtgo, the french (]uy, tire Gerrnar.es Jddijlel, an i Sicken mijlel and Fogeltcm , "the Dutch Afarentacken, and \vc in Englijh Miflellto, There are fundry controver- fies to be decided about this Vifeum, fir It whether it be produced from its owne feed or no,for many have held that Blacke birds eating the berryes and lying in their bel- lies,by dunging on the trees the feede hath thereby becne made the fitter to grow, which elfe is not,and fodoth Pliny from Theophraftus fee it downe,i»rrd knots, tumours, and Impollhumes, ripeneth and dilcutfeth them, and dtaweth forth thicke as well as th.nnc humours, from the remote places of ihebody.digetling and feparating them : but is not: of that property toheate uddainely, but af¬ ter fame time as Thipfia doth, and being mixed with equal! parts of Roflm and waxe doth mol the: the hardnefle of the fpleene and healeth old ulcers and lores: being mixed with Sandarack and Ortmcnt, helpeth to draw of foule naiies, and if quicklime and Wine lees be added thereunto it worketh the ftronger. The Miffellto it Idle of the Okc as the b»ft (or of the Chelnut tree as OMatthutn faith to be as good) made into pouther, and given in drinke unto tHofe that have the falling fickeneffe, doth heale them as MftPMm faith, and that he had tryed ft and healed tnanv a'ffuredly : but it is fit foufe it forty dayes together: and wi h this caution, thatthe woodaftcr it is broken from tbetiee, due not touch the ground, which is in my miudc;coo fuperlhtious, as is their conceit alfo, that it hath power anainft Witchcraft, and the illufion of Sathan and for that parpofe, ufc to hang a pecce thereof at their childrens'neckes: Geuuh- Fuliixu and others have fo highly eftetmed of the vermes hereof.that they have called it Liomm faudit ertuu believing it to helpe the falling fickndfe, Appop exy. and Palfie very fpeed'l" not onely robe inwardly taken, but to be hung at their neckes, and fome to hang it at their neckes, or wearc it on their r rmc to hel.-e them to conceive : and faith Mattbio/ut I have knowne ignorant emperickes, to have given the Birdlime mads into pille- to per Ions to fwallow infteade of thewoodI: and further faith that be knew the Miffellto that grew on a Pearetrce, given to one that had the parts of his body drawne together, to doe him much <>ood and divers doc elleeme of the Miffellto that growethon Haffell nuts, or Pcares, as effeftuallas that on th- Olie,tn it touch not the ground, tor the falling fickneffe, to Le taken m Wine. Tragus faith that the frefh woodofany Miffelltobruifed, and thejuyee drawne forth, and dropped into the cares that have lmpoff- humes in them doth hdpe and eale them within a few dayes: the leaves are often given to cattell faith PLhj, to fatten them and purge them firft: but if they be difeafed they cannot continue long, this manner of curing them lafteth for forty dayes in Summer. IV. Ilex. 1 he Holme Oke. F thefe Holme Okes there are three forts, two that are great trees, and the third afmall (hrubbe, whofedefcriptionslmeane to give you in this Chapter.andbecaufe there are divers Excreffences growing upon thefe Okes, which are not found upon any of the other: Ithinke it fit toentreate of’themina Ch ,pter by chcmlelves, that lo they may be the bectsr undeilfood of all, andlthe more fcope to handle them. i. Ilex rnajar aca/eata. The greater prickly Holme Oke. This growethufually to be a very great tree, yet fometimes groweth not fo high, covered wieba blackifji red barke,as aie alfo theboughes and branche,,lpread ng farre abroad like unto a mtane One : the leaves ate like un¬ to the Co' ke tree, but fome what lelier and rounder, with prickely edgSs elpccially in the younger trees, which are wholly prickely, but in the elder doe grow fmootb on the edges without prickles greene above and grayifh underneath,which do alwayes abide greene : the yellow muffle catkins Hand at the toppes of the branches upon long footeffalkes liketothofeof the Oke,and fall away in the fame manner: the fruite or Acorne commeth not where the flowers flood, but in other places on the branches, upon fhort (bikes inclofed in a rough cuppelikea common Acorne, in fome places bigger then the others, and fhorter alfo, very plcafant in fome places,that ma¬ ny delight muchtoeate them t the wood or timber is of a brownifh red colour and very hard, not eafie for an Axe, but for a Saw to cut it .• the coales whereof are very durable above others: the roote groweth very deepe into the ground,and fpreadeth much likewife. 2. Ilex major non aculeata. The great fmooth Holme Oke. This other or fmooth kinderifethalfotobeagrcattrcecquall to the former, and like thereunto infiockc or bo¬ dy,barke,branches,flowers and fruite, onely the leaves hereof are longer and narrower, pointed at the ends, and not prickely on the edges,but finely fnipt or dented onely, fomewhat rough underneath, and greene and fmooth above: the timber likewife being as hard and heavy as the former. 3. Vex acjuifolia jive Coccigera. The leffer or Scarlet Holme Oke. The leffer Holme Oke or Scarlet Holme Oke,is a fmall tree in manner of a hedge tree,thc (locke or body wher- ofat thebotcomeis feldome bigger then ofan old Role tree, and that ifitbe fufferedtogrow without pruimng : the branches are faire and many, three or foure footehigh.covered with a pale reddifh barke, having many fmall thicke and frefh greene leaves fee 1 hereon, but hard and very prickely on the edges like unto the leaves of Holly, yet farre leffe and abide alwayes greene as the former doe: it beareth yellow flowers like the other but fmallcr, and fmatler Acornes alfo,more bitter and pointed at the end ; and almofl wholly covered with > very Qiarpe prick¬ ly huske Tube 16. The Theater of‘Plants. Cm at, 4. 1395 lyhuskeorcup, but thus it doth onely when it isnegkfted, and not pruined and tut low, to ca«ic it be *re the Scarlet graine more plcntifullyjasfhallbefhevvcdhcreafterjand which clfe it would not doe. The Pl -.cs and Time, The firft is more plentiful in £;><«’« and Frame then the fecond. and thefecond in Italy where tiie (i. ft isfearfe found: they grow alio in divers other Countryes, and are planted tor the rarity in lundry places in this Land; one whereof may be tcene in the Kings privy Garden at White Hall, Juft againlt the backe gate that openeth in o the High ftreeteover againft the Tennis Courtthere, which both flowreth and beareth fririre, as my felfe can witnelle who have gathered the Acornes under the tree,which C/xfusnat obfcrving when he was heie.denbt- ed to be barren the Idler groweth in many places as, Spains, Port avail, Italy, and Pro-pence in Frants, in Africa likewile and A fi-i, both the greater and the Idler, as Armenia,Cilicia,Syria,Ptfidia, and Cjalutia, in Candy alio, as EeUmiut hath recorded, and in Viremi.r,Nnv F.nelaud,&c. likewile : they all Rower although divers doe deny i', in May, and their fruite is ripe in tire end ol September : The Scarlet grainc coinmeth forth in the middle of e/ 1 - trillyini is gathered in the end of OHay, and in Inns. The Names. Vex is called in Greeke rtfi l?-quia ferra propter duritiem fee a id.tfit. Some called it in Latine Ilex mayor, and Ilex arbor, tnd Hex f,landifera, becaufe the Idler is called Ilex coccifera or coccifera. The firft is called Hex major fpinofa,ax acaleata. The fecond mmjjtinofa or aculcata, and limply Ilex by Matthiolw, Lttgdstnenfts and others, and Ilex arborea by Lobcl, all which I! an'air. re rransferrech to tl’.e firft. Clnfine taketh it to be Smihtx Arcadnm Theopbrafli, but Theopbraft as maketh the timber of Smi/ax to be foft and ealie ro be wrought on, but the timber of this is as hard as the former. Thelaft is called Prims by Theophrajhn, indifferently with the firft, by Diofco- rides m «©- iluyix.lt Coccus Baph'tca, and fohecallcth alio the g aine,in Latine Ilex aymfolia, and Vex coccifera or (focciyera^xtilotazPhcllodryscoccifera, in Spanijb Cofceja, taking the name from Cefcttlirsm , one of the names given by PH") thereunto. The Aeorne of tlie firft is called iu Greek tu-Ctay, and Acylam and from hence commeth the word Acylaca , which Bdlomm maketh mention in fundry places to beare Acornes, in Spanijb BeSota, and A- be'dota. TleVertP.es, The greene leaves of this Holme Oke,as Galen faith, have a greater force to coole bindcand dry, then have the leaves of any other Okes: being beaten and applyed they are good agairiftloft fwellings, and ftrengthen weake members as Diofcorides faith : the rootes hereof bruifed and laid on the torts that the Serpent Drymm hath made, isvery good torepreffe the venome, and to fiay the paines that come thereby. TheAcornesof thisJ/r*. which Hipocrates calleth Acylost, and of the firft Oke, and Fhagsu of the fweeteOke, either frefh o rofted doe bindethe belly,but if they be boylcd they do leffe: the young rootes bovled in wine or water, till they be tender, and then made into a pultis and applyed to any place burned or fcalded doth htlpe it: the Acornes of thefe greater Okes are generally eaten in Spaine where they grow, of the Rich as wellas poore, in the fame manner that they doe with Theatmn Botamcvm , 1396 Chaf,^ r r t b h 16 with the Acornesof Phagm or Efculut -the Siveete Oke. The //c.vor Holme Oke, as Pliny and other Aurhoura make mention,'.s of aneternall durability or not decaying in many hundreds ofyeares, he recirethone rhar mad aimoft a wood alone,divided into ten bodies or trees, and contained thirty five foote in cotnpafle and each ifa hrgt greatneffe: and of another that grew on the Vatican, that was older then the City of Feme it febe • th Crowr.eor Garland that was given to a Citizen, for any worthy afl in former times, was made of the branches of this tree, although afterward; ir was made of Efculut that was dedicated to Inpircr , the properties of th letter Holme Oke, are chiefly remaining in the berries, of the Juyee whereof youfhall heart in the following Chapter. » Chap. V. lllicum rxcrrfantii. TheExcreffences of the Hofmc Okes, fjBtasvflga Here arc five (overall Excrc (fences grow ing on thefe Holme Oke , differing from the fo-trier and none of them found upon any of the other Okes, which are fitly referved for this place as you I fhallfir.de them fee downe in order: and firff of the Scarlet grame as the tnoff wor.hy. ' “ ^ ' 1. Chcrmes [eu (foccw infcttcriue. The Scarlet graine. This graine or berry (is not the proper fruite of the lefler Holme Oke, for that is an Acorne as the others have ) is a kindeol Excitflencc that nature thrufleth forth uponthis tree, while the branches are young and notgrowneold or negkdtdand not ptuined,which then grow hatTtn, ai d with lew oc none upon ir,and growcthalt along the branches at the fcvcrall Joyntsand footed;,Ikes of t! e leases tein n as |,i»r as aPeafe.of a reedifh afhcolaur, before they are ripe,but of the colour of the Holly,or Afpatagus berries^w heu they are 1 ipc or fomewhat darker,but are gathered for the moll pert before they be too ripe, when as tliev will conraine witltin them a clecrc Juyee of a crimlon colour,as deepe as any pure frcfli blood,' which by the heateof the Sunne breede final! red worn es little bigger then fleas at the firfl, but being differed to grow ere;t,*confiime the inner fubdance of the berry or graine, creeping away and leaving the lit,oke or fhelleropry, w-hkh empty (hells are the Ktrmts brrtyes that are found in the Apothecaries andDrugil'ta fhoppes every where and which made cMatthiolut who never faw them gr0.ving, tothinkc that they werenotthe true Chirmes a [‘Dwfcorides butfoineotherkindeofbetry, becaufe Diofcttndcs iaith that they arc like unto Lentils: before theie arc ripe or that any wormes are bred in them,they are gathered for the Apothecaries ufc, that make the foverain"e cordiall confedioncalled Alkermes, vthhbiscordiamica, and preHe forth the/nyce, which being boyled up with a pro¬ portion of Sugar, fit to preferve it from fowring, is kept for a whole yeare after : but when they are fomewI1.1t more ripe, yet before the wormes are ready to breake the (hell to runneaway, they are gathered for the Dyers ufe to Dye fine Scarlet cloath withalfand are brought into powder in this manner. When thefe graines or berries are gathered in their fit time,they call them on a flieetc or other Inch thing,fprinkiing them with a little Wine or Vinegar,borne up from the ground by the (ides or foure corners, and fet them in the hot Sunne who feeling the; Iieatc of the Sunne begin toltirrc.ar.d would crccpeaway, but that one that is appointed rolooke to them, with a (mall wandordickeby flriking the hides of the flicete caufeth them to fall downe into the middle aeainewliich worke is continued folong untill they te all dead,and dryed fufficient with the heateof the Sunne, and are after¬ wards brought to the market and (old to the Merchants,that will buy them. Some doc this in a ba<>"e or bonl t- r fluking them in the Sunne,or drying them in an oven. Hetteniut fhewcrh the way that they ufe °in Candy, j, to make two forts of Dyes of them, the one of the pulpe the other of the bladders or lhclls and bccaufe the pulpe ma- keth the richer Dye it is fold at foure times the deeter rate. ‘ * 2, There is alfo found upon the branches of the greater Holme Ok e.flat ttring' v here 3nd there, and nothing fo plentifully a s in the other,ccrtaine ftnsll round graines cf adarke red colour which for the mod part are neglect¬ ed and fo fofe. 5. There is likewife found a kind of grayifh Moffe made like ur.toa final! long tufli or locke confiding ofgrav- ifli hoary ha’reshutnot Iweetc. ° 5 ' 4, There is a gum alfo found flicking to the Acomes of the great Holme Oke, which is (omewhac hot in tafle butnotunpleafant. ’ r Thcophraftiu maketh mention of Hyphear, to grow as well as Miffellto.on the Hex, and thac on the Southfide thereof, which cannot be but a differing thing from Miffellto. T be Place and Ttme. The place of growing of thefe berries, hath beer, c fet downe in the Chapter be fore.and they beginne to appeare m Apriil, and are gathered in Ulfay, the 1 ell in Greece, Italy, Spatnc and France, and arc chictcly feenc in the Summer. The Nantes. The Scarlet graine i s called by Thcopbretftm in Greeks ttia& twm) Cocoa Pbanket, by “Diefccrides *«*©• in d Cccem Bapbic, »,in Latine of Pliny,Gramm,Caecum, QttjfyHiliam,Cufculiam, Snlnitm,vA Vertnicu- lttm,vj alfo Hyffinum both by him and Vitrttvim taken from the word Hys, whereby as Paufaniai faith the GaUti. am beyond Phrigia did call it, of the latter Wrirtrs, (’crow infedoritu Granum infedorium : j n (heppes Granatin. Forum, and Chcrmes or Kermis, and gratia Itermes after the Arabian name, by the Italians grata di tinteri, in Spanifi Gtanade tintoreros and Granaen gram, in French Vermilion, sni graine de /curtate, by the Germanes Scar- lackbccr, and in Englijh the Scarlet grame.or Chermes berry. The fecotid is called Granum jligneum. The third Alufcur lligneut .The fourth Gummi lilgneum.tcnA the lad as is faid Hyphear. 7 he Vcrtues % The Scarlet graine is ufed to heale greene wounds,and finewes thac are cut,to be mixed with viregar or Oxy- me!l,and is much commended and given by the later Phyfitiansto women with child, who by infirmity or other casualty are lubjeft to tmfearry with their children,by untimely travell and birth: tut Specially the confedion Which is called Alky met, which is made of the juyee of thefe berryes is cffeftuall for that purpofe, andisalfoa foyeraigne Tr i b k 1 6. The Theater of ‘Plants. C h a p.6- 15 Soveraigne Cordiall to ftrcngtben and revive the fainting fpirirs of the heart, and to drive away melancholiy. This confe&ion alio is day ly commended and afed with goo i efFcft,againft the trembling and fhaking of the heart and againfl fwounings, it is often ufed likewife againft Melancholiy pafllons and forrow proceeding of no evident caufe, and to procure mirth as much as Phyficall meanes may effett, but there hath bccne formerly many errours committed in the competition of this confettion, firft in the Lapis Lazuli (firft put in by Me fuss the ^Arabian againft Melancholiy) fome condemning the ufeofit, and fomc fearing the operation thcreofby forcibly purging Melancholiy, have wholly left it out,and others have put it in, but without that due preparation it ought to have : a fecond errour is concerning the hike that is appointed to be put into it, fome taking crimfon hike dyed as our Dyes ule it,which may be dangerous in that they life divers things toftrike that Dye that is not fafe to be ufed inwardly,and therefore fome ufed to draw a tinflure out of the dry ed berries: blit our later age hath appointed a fafer courfe, namely to fteepe the raw cods of hike that hath felt no art paffc upon them in the true juice of the Chermes berries, wherewith being imbibed and fufficiently tinfted, the jayce after boyling and draining,is then fit to be ufed to make this confe&ion: a third errour role from DodontWy that miftooke Sericam y twd made it Seta, whofe errour Doftor 7 riefi, that tranflatcd him into Snghjh did follow,and gave occafiontoGVnWfoto publifh it foin his Herball.in that Gerard received that tranflation from Mr. Norton tofinifh: a fourth errour hath rilen from the Monckes that wrote Comcntaries upon CMrfvcs, who affirmed that that kinde of Crimfon graine that is gathered from the rootes of Burnet is this Kcrmes of the Arabians, but Afatthiolus hath confuted their opinion fufficiently : a fifth errour is in many mens millaking Cocbenille ( accr- taine graine or rather flyc knowne but oflatedayes,and brought from America ,) for Kcrmes, of ancient and fpe® ciall ufc with the old Arabian and Greeke Writers: but now all thefe errours being taken away, men may fafely tepofe confidence in the goodneffe of this ccnfedion,the faichfull preparations of the ingredients hereof, as well as of other compofitions,b>ing fo carefully overfeeneby the guardians of the Apothecaries,fince they were Joyned into a corporation,that it may juftly now compare (who were farrcbchinde before ) with the moft famous and expedt in the arc wherefoevtr s the berries chat are found on the great Holme Oke laich Matthioltu, being bruifed with vinegar, are good to be applycd to greene wounds and pm alfo into thofe eyes that arc blood-fhotten doe much good .* the other cxcrcffcnces are not put to any ufe that I know. Chap. VI. Saber, The Corkc tree. F the Corkc tree there are three forts obferved by divers, which yet may well be reduced into twoj in that the difference is not fit in my mindc to make a fpeciall fort as you (hall here. 1. Stiber latifolinm. The broad leafed Corke tree. The broad leafed Corke tree,groweth to be a great tree in many places, but not fo high 39 the Ilex or Holme Oke,nor fo farre fpread.but with a thicker body, and fewer boughes, yet in fomc places it groweth much lower,for Pliny faid it was a fmall tree : the leaves hereof are very like Unto the leaves of the l* lex, but ufually greater, broader and more prickely then thofe of the elder Holme Okes, and in moft places abide alwayes greene on the trees, but in fome few doc fall a- way,as the ordinary Okes doc, which therefore being but peculiar to few, cannot I thinke conftitute another fpecies . The flowers are like the other Okes, and the Ackomes Smaller then thofe of the //«w,fofcer alio as it were lpongy and more unpleafant, (landing in very rough prickly cups : the barke hereof is very thicke, i ugged and full of clif cs if it grow too long upon the tree, and will cleave and fall off of i: fdfc by peecemeale : but being taken in due time, that is every rhirdyeare, the new barke will ap- peare very red, as if it were painted, and if any raine fhould happen in the barcking time, they would all wither and dye, but the Country men doe carcfally ob¬ serve a fit time for that purpofe, and when they have taken it away they bring ic to the fire to make plaine and flar.and let it lye thereon untill it be thorow hot, which then with weights they prefle until! it be cold which fo ibideth af¬ terwards : the timber or woo i hereof is ftrong and fit to build withall, for Pliny faith, it doth tardifjlme cariem ve- tnJlatcmqHefentire y abide iongeft without rotting, a. Sfiberansuflifolium,. The narrow leafed Corkc tree. This other Corke tree is like unto the former, growing to be a great tree,fpread abroad with many armes and bran¬ ches which are more plyant and eafie to be bowed, where¬ on grow longer,narrower and (harper pointed leaves then the former out not endented or prickly on the edges at all: m all other things it is like unto the former. The Place andTtme. The firft groweth in miny places of Grttcejpme, For- (where in (ome place, it groweth low) in ltd) alfo 1398 Chap. 7 . Theatrum Botanicim, T r i b r 16 and France, the other fort wtercof that lofeth the leaves in Winter, growcih in Aquitaine necre the PytncM hils where Tbeephra/hu did oblcrve it to grow : the other about f it* mote plentifull then any where elfe in Tuf. caij aj Matthiolu! faith ■ although Fl-r.) denyeth any Suker to grow in Italy or France, they flower andbeare their fruite later then other Okes. The N ernes. The tree is called in Greeke ziM.fF Phellm, in Latinc Sui:r t ind llexfemimt offsmeasi’/ixy faith. The firilis by Mattbioliu ,L«6el,mA others called Suker UtifoUum, butthat whofe leaves fall in Winter ( which 'Bauhimw maketh another (pecies, but he might as well make the low one of Tliny to be another fort like wife J Saber A* qmtamcumfolio dcc'iduo. The other is called Saber Mgufiifelium by the laid Authours. The lulimt call it Sugars, the Spaniards Alcormitjuc, and the barke Conhu d: ulcorneejtie, the French Liege, but finely this is not that Liege that Bellomut faith the fruite is edible, the Germmes Pmtcffelhoult, and Vlotbeut, the Dutch Corke, as we doe, TheVcrtues . The Corke hath a manifefl drying and binding frailty,more as it is thought then the barke of any other Oke : the afhes of the burnt Corke ftancheth any fluxe of blood, whether in men or women as Severing faith; Q uacunque fait vU immoderata cruorii. Being drunkc in Winc or any other convenient drinke. Corke is profitably ufed for many purpofes to floppe all forts of vcflels, to pcife fifliermens nets, and to be put into {hoaes and flippers to kcepe our feete warmc and dry. Chap. VII. Smilax Archfl.dam majorglandifera. The great Laurell Oke. S Nto the kindes of 1 /ex divers have joyned this Smilax for fome likenefle, but differing in more, being unknowne to many of our moderne Writers for they ftill underflood the Ye we tree to be meant by this pane, andnoother: of this there are two forts, onegreater and the ocher leffer, both which (hall be (hewed ia this Chapter. 1. Smtlax Arcadxmglandif era major. The greater Laurell Oke. This greiter kinde rifeth up to arealcnablc height like an indifferent tall trce,covered with a grayifh fmooth barke, and the younger branches, withan hoary foft downe, the leaves are very like unto Bay leaves, or as Theophraftui faith like unco the fmooth llex y being greene above, and with a foft white woollinefle un¬ derneath, without any dents or prickles on the ed¬ ges : it beareth yellow flowers on long flalkes as all ocher Okes doc,and fail away in like manner bearing fmall Acorneslike the great O e. 2 . Smilax glandif era minor. The leffer Laurell Oke. The leffer fort that never growcch high, but ever remaineth like a low (hrubbe,ha:h longer leaves then the former, and narrower alfo, bat as white and woolly underneath,in other things they are alike. The PL ce and Ttme. The fii fl groweth plentifully about Adompelier, and in many places in Italy and Spaine, the other upon the hills about the river Rhodonw, that runneth through Trovence, and flower and teare fruite when theo- thers dee. The Turner. * The old Cjretians, and elpecially the Orcadians, as Theophraftui faith called this tree apiK&z and Smilax & Aiilax , but they that live in thole Coun¬ tries now, doc call both the Tree and the Acorne thereof Acylac.i ,by corrupting the word *y-utoy, as it is very probable, Belloniw faith that the tree,which the (retanes call Acylaca, they of mount Athos, kee¬ ping the old name doc call Aria, keeping the leaves alwaics greene, whertby BeHonim fheweth how much we are miflaken herein, for Theophrajlus lib. 5. c.f. doth number Aria, among the cverliving trees, filch as the Ilex that beareth Acylaca is,but not among fuch as beare fowre har'fh berries, as the Service tree doth, unto the kindred whereof Aria is referred by our moderne Writers, and befides Theophrajlw in his 4-Bocke and S.Chapter faith, Laurtu Art£ fimilU ex rotoy fo that this Smilax or Laurell Oke is mod likely ^ to be that tAcyUea^ and their ^Aria alfo, and but the wood hereof is white and loofe is meWctn, much differing from Ilex, which is firmc and brownc, i: might be accounted a ffccies thereof, and indeed doth refen c the great Ilex that he faw in Spaine. to be this Smi lax find fo doth 13 auhinjM a\(Qjhc vicinity,of theit name* i,i. Smilax ^ircadum glandif era majo' & minor. The greater and Idler Laurell Oke. Tri bk i6> Tbe Theater of‘Plants. Chap. 8 , i names of SmtUx milUx peradventure mbovlngfomewhat thereunto, for' ThUbimu doth not account thiMm- to be a proper fpeciea of Oke it felfehut putteth it among the Ilim, calling it Il'xfdwrotmdim mollimo- 'five Smtlax The.phrafii , the word SmiUx is of a large extent,comprehending under it divers forts of trees and herbes.as firfl this SmiUx of the Anmtimu, which we therefore call ?o diftinguifh it bv a feverall epithite.from Taxm the Yewe tree,which is alfo called SmiUx, but Uciftr*, the better to be underllood: then is there SmiUx afrira if UvU among the bmde weedes, and lallly SmiUx hnnfit of -Dh/ccridn, which is accounted to be Pbajiolw the kidney Beane, J ' The Vertues, ThisLaure 11 Oke is of a like binding quality with the other forts of Okes.as Gd c » fheweth in his 6. Booke and thud Chapter,* comp*/medic.feemdum locos ,where he doth ihewthofe things that ate fit to ufe for the meanc inflammationsof the pa late,appointing the decoftion of Mirtles and che be, ries to be llrongcr remedies then were before remembred, as alfoof lowre Quinces,and likewifc the young and tender branches of the IUx, Arbmu, SmtUx indPh.fHi, which Cornarim in commenting upon feemeth to Wonder at, that Gain (hould appoint the jT** Whllh W J* X " a dangerous and deadly tree as and Pliny doe witneffe to be tiled inwardly, and thereupon thmkcth that theta may be Idle dangerous in one place then another,and then that to be taken but Mtttibiolm taxeth him for that opinion,laying that if he had,taken better Counfell of his Tbcepbrtfiut, with whom he was lo converfant.who fheweth a kinde of SmiUx that is like unto Ilr-v.he w ould have beene of a bet- ter judgement: and Gale » 3 as you bearc placeth it with other Acorne bearing trees. 399 Chap. V II f. Pbeltodrys, IheCoikeOke. SlS H , e ; ejre n fi m/ f0r f as Dalcchampiia UtLxfdHxm.fi, hath obftrved and recorded, ** alt , h ° u S h Thmphrtftx, and MmkoU have made mention but of one, which (hall buddy be deela- > red here. The firll ' V r’ffy The narrow leafed white Corke Oke, r a white leafed Corke uke growethteafonable-rear, and aimed as tall reat, andalmoli as tall as the Corke tree, covered with a lmoother and whiter barke then either tl.e corke or the Oke: thelcavcsare Ibmewh.t long and narro w, greenc above and gray unde, nearn dented about the edges but not very dceoely, and raiher hard then prickly,the flowers and (ante a,e like th. other OKes.but the Acornesare of a d n ker yellow colour. There is al- .o a lore hereof whole leaves have no dents or very Jew the timber or wood is not lo hard as the Hex, and not io ioltas tnc Oke. * l ,x. 7’Jn H <1 m s . Ida ar.guf if< hi f*r !a ffnl "t. The narrow .md broad leafed white CcrkcOkc. 4 5 Plhlladiyt ftiiji l.t'Jnnii iff fohjsmuricatu. 1 he broadv It gmne Uated (..tike Ok- , u il t'-t puckly one. 140° Chap.9* Theatrum 'Butannum. Trib e 16. 2. ‘fkcUoctTjs Mi Utifolii. The broader leafed white Corkc Oke. This other white leafed Corke Oke is like unto the former in growth, and diff.reth in the barke, leafe and A- rorne of the trecjthc leafe is white on the underlide as the former.but broader then it,and It fie hard,and lefle den- ted alfo,the barke as well of the branches as of the Acornes,are of a blackifh red colour. 2. Phellodrys niqn mediocrifolio, The grccne leafed Come Oke. This greene leafed Corke Okegroweth not lo high as the former,the barke of whole branches are grayifh, the leaves are of a mcane fife,of a da, ke greene colour,and not at all white underneath, with but few fmps or dents, and thole rot decpe,and very little prickly at the edges, the Acornts arc of as bright a yellow colour as the firth. 4 phellodrys nigra latijjlmisfo/ijs, The broadclt greene leafed Corkc Oke. This differed, from the lad in the leaves, being larger and broader th :n the latt, and more deepely dented and very prickly, but greene as it is: the cups of all thefe Acorncs are onely rough as the ordinary Acornes, and not p.jckly 5 . Phellodrys mtsricatis fo/ijs. The prickly Corke Oke, The p'rickly Corke Oke ha,n a grayifh barke on the body and armes,the leaves are lmaller, and of a pale greene colour,deepelier dented and with (harper prickles: the Acornes hereof are like tho ochcr,but the huske or cuppe is much more prickly then any of the left. The Place mi Time, Thefe doe all grow on the hills neere the Rhodanses in France, in Italy alfoby Stem tas OYtatthio/ue faith, and in many places of Portugill alfo, where the two former forts doe bcareGalles like wife, they keepe the fame time with the red. The Names, Ic is called 111 Grceke ssaaoJ>! Phellodrys qm/i Suberi eyuercue in Latine, but Theophrajtus laitn It is a mcane be- tweene the Ilex and the Oke,and therefore fome did call it llexftmim. But becaufe the Saber or Corke tree is fo like unro the Ilex,it may as well be (aid to partake of the one as well as the other. The firft is the Phellodrys of Alitthiolie, Label and others,and is ehc Phellodrys albi mgujhfolti folioferrate of Lagiunenpr, the reft are one¬ ly ment onedin Lugdanetifu ,mi Paultu Hencalmus from him,the ©reekes doe promifcuoufly call thele forts A- cy!,.c , as they doe tTiofe in the lalf Chapter f he j Italians tall it Cerrofugaro , a- partaking of Corns, and S tiler, it is not diflinguifhed by any French name that I know of. ThcVertttcs. Tfcie is nothing remembred of the faculties hereof,but as Matthiolas iaith, it is of the like properties, and dif¬ fered! not fromthe other Okes. Chap. IX. Caflmea, The Chcfnut Tree. Ltheugh the fruite of the Che fnut tree is not an Acorne, yet becaufe fome of the ancient Writers have alfiuiiled it thereunto, and have given irthename of Sardinia glans, Ithought it fittefl to j'oyne it next unto them, wherof there are fourcefpeciall forts, yetoneis notofours, butthenew world, andtherc- i. Coftancti vulgarii. The ordiairj Chefauttree; *. Caftantaequina. The Hoife Ghefnitf. J|j S fore I (hall give yon but a bare dcfctiption of the Nut,and not of the tree untill we can Iearne more of it. I. CaftaneavutgarU. The ordinary Chelntic. The ordinary Chefnnt tree groweth very great and high, equalling many times great and large fpread Okes. the leaves are long great rough and wrinckled dented about the edges, the bloomings or catkins arelon^and fomewhat like the Oke.but more greenifh yellow : thefruite groweth betweene the leaves and the branches towards the end of them,inclofed within three feverall huakes, the outermod whereof is the whitilh vrehin" prickly huske, hairy and fmooth on the inftde, which when it is ripe openeth it fe'fe, and (heweth the nut bein<» flat on the one fide,and round, bunched out on the other whofe (hell or huske is fmooth browne, and (hininvas it were on theotttfide and hairy within, tough alfo and noteafie to breake, within which lyeth the nut it (elfr covered with the third huske,which is a thinne reddifh bitter skinne or peeling, the kernell being of a firmc fub- fiance and white, fweete and pleafant intade, formed fomewhat like unto an hrsrc -- the timber or wood hereof is rough and ofabrownifh colour. Some have made divers forts hereof greater and leffer wilde and tame but 1 doe not hold them differences, but as the climate caufeth it. a. Cafianea Equina. The Horle Chefnut. The Horfe Chefnut groweth likewile to be a very great tree, fpreading great and large armes and branches ■' the leaves are very beautifull.fet by couples,and dividedonto five, but mod ufually intofeaven divifions, everv one being dented about the edges: the flowers grow at the toppes of the branches, on longdalkes confiding of foure white leaves a pecce, thetwouppermod whereof arc larger then the two undermod, and have a round purplifh vio'et coloured fpot in the middle of the leafe, with many yellow threds and gold yellow tipi rifing from the middle : the frnite is contained in rounder and thicker prickely hu kes, the nut within this huske is rounder then the other,and covered with a thicker and browner fhell.and havirg a whitifln marke or (pot at the head,where it is joyned to the outer huske : the nut within this (hell is white, without any (uch thin ikin or pee¬ ling as the former hath. CaftaneahumUie. Thedwarfe Chefnut. The dwarfe Chefnut tree doth ahvayes grow low in companion of the former, being like in leaves and fruite unto the former,but tharthey grow more together,and the nuts art no bigger chen Hazellrmrs, having alwaies more chen one cnclofed in every prickely huske, and is unplcafant in talie lcarfe fitto becaten. 4. Caft anect Peru ana. The Chefnut ofTVrw. What manrer of tree this is that beareih theie Chelnuts, or what forme the leaves carry that grow thereon is not knowne I thinke to any in thefe parts, I mud therefore as I promiftd in the beginning fhew you of the fruit that it is aimed round, yet a little po nred toward the (lalke covered with a thickebarke eafie to be broken, yet fomewhat fpongy, of a darkeorbrownifh yellow colour,under which growa number of prickles.dickin’g to the inner huike, thatcovereth the nut or kernel! it felfc,which inner huske is tough and hard to breake,and con- raineih within it a rue like an Almond out of the d ell, both for colour and bigntfle, bur of the forme of a [mall kidney,and of a reafonable fweete tafle like an Almond or the common Chefnut. 5. Caftanea Americana Cathartica. Purging Chefnuts of America. This tree faith Monardut groweth in the Continent of An erica, greatand v?fie, whofe (mite is like unto a Chefnut but that the outer huske is fmooth and not pri< kly, nor having any rough fheil, but a thin s kin thac both compadeth the whole fruite which isalmod foure fquare.and divideih it in the middle into two parrs. The Place Time. The fird groweth on mountaines and in woods ufually, borhinthe South and Northerne Countries, butthe warme Countries for the mod part breede the greater nuts. The fccond groweth in the Eafierne Countries of Turk.j, forourChridian world hath fird had the knocvledgeof it from Cenftantinople. The third groweth not farrefrom the Hill by Lymt in Fmmv, called Ti/arcr hill, and not el fe where as is knowne. The fourth in Fern in the Wed Indies. And the lad ncere the fhore of Nicaragua, &-c. And flower in Aprill, after the leaves be come forth,the fruite is ripe in Autumne. The Name s, 1 It is called in Greelce and ifm"na. l Caftana and Caftanea, and C.ftanea in Lstine, the froire is a] fo (o ca’led, sndovrJ>£ti'„!fo'Aai™ J>’0- fidxann aixiua, that is, Sardiant glande; lovie glandn &■ Lopima-. It hath alfo fome other names given it,as Enboida or Euteica^ni Heracletticanux, yet Gaza tranflatcch \t out oiTheephrafttn Nnx Dddddd aveUar.*, ©2 Ghap.iq. Tbeatrum Botanicum . T r i b e 16 ~avell p ‘‘"7 hath made foure fores, which notwithttanding may be reduced into the former rw/ S have ohfervcdm our Country three forts, and Matter Q m di% a fourth bclidcs another ve™ IflL them, but yet notably differing, which flrall therefore bee fetdo.vne in the Chapter following by* T L„r, „ r I- Vlmmvul^rU. Our common Elme, - and not I ^ groW « h “P^r : thickeroughbarke, chap°orcrackth,‘ argC wkha peare before the leaves come forth are like fmall taffells ofred rhrrH */ Smoother, the bloffoirics that ap- 'dead, broad flat whirilh skinnes, which are the felde being not much^nhke tbtefeSe* thdr r W* >4rrache, which doe fall away by dences.fomequickelv andfn^h Hi j i , of , tl,c white Garden fmbm* ’ fully come forth,the leaves Jc of a fad ef'" 8 °T 1 g °° d wh ! le afccr ^ ‘eaves are . and crumpled for the moft parted den^ed“boutfaifeS then the ocher, and more eaten by all forts of cattle then anv nf rh* r «■ u ■ C r ,,„ e be * n g longer .thereon, which containe fmall wormes in them : the J b ”.l , . hwl " S “ rtam ? Email bladders or blitters , j ..viiavuiL, cciLdiuc imaii Diaaaers or blitters as the *^* : ^“* I* rithwcondnualty wet A dry! folong [ tk.'o u ^ batiarefolio. Broad leafed Elme or witch Hafell butfpredeththe branches m.e and falling but greater: the leaves “5 * u^J '* ' ikc the former in al “ fthe Haf =" ™>t. /tom whence it became^ al d *5* if ? the TUwvcr, 3. rimmfolugUin, Smooth leafed Elme or Witch Elme ming and frode aTfofs r hlTe e tho^gh'lcffc ^b^the^leaves^^rcofare tbe , bcn d* n S boughes and great body,the bloo- .effe unto the firtt yet not rougher crumpled taSteSSW" 6 f °‘* r S e as u thc laft > b« neereft in big- aer two have, the timber hefeof is „ qSSY nd »^ough afthffcft ™ a ^ h °“ tanybli , ftcrSOrl them > as the fora ,ien the ttronger and more ferviceable kinds, ° ™ or rather more, ami is accounted ofworkc- Ddd dd'd i T * urn 16. T be Theater of ‘Plants. Chap,i2. 14-03 4. Vlmus minor. The leflcr Elme. There is in fome places ofth*s land found afore of Elmelomwhat differing from thofe before, in that ir grow- eth lower and leifer, and with Imaller leaves that are as rough on both (ides as the firfl, and ea(ie to be diflinguiftt- ed if they beheedefullyobferved. The Place and lime. All tbefe forts are as is faid,found in our owne Country yet the firfl is the molt frequent, and the fecond in home Countries as much or rather more then the firfl, rhe third is to be fecnc in many woods in £jfex : they all blcf- foiBc as is faid before the leaves come forth, and the fetde not long a: ter their Sift fp; eading ct large. The Names. It is called in Greeke tSaAt in Lacine VImm,Thccphra/hu and Coltimell. t,is I faid,mention but two kindes Thee- pbr.-jhte, Jllontiulmus, or montofa Vlmu f,and campeftruVImui,Colume!ia bath Vimw Gallica, and Vernacula, which' isltalica. P/ixyhath foure fort9, Attioia, GaUica, Ntftrai,andS}lvefirit, which will thus be reduced into the two (orts.his Attinia and GaUica, arc both one lotr,as Columella plainely fetteth downe,and is the fame evich Tbeo- pbrrflm his montofa, whichis cxcelfijfimat Pliny his npllras and [ylvefira, areboth one likewife, ar.dthcfame with £olamella t Vernacula, which as I faid is called ltalka, and the famcalfo with Tbeophafhu hhvi- mm campe/Irk, fo that our third fort with Imooth leaves, wasknowne to none ofthem, nbr yet fcarfe to anyofour moderne Writers, unleffe they put it for the Carpimu as it is ufually called , or tor O'nm as T'anu calleth it,as (hall be fhewed in the next Chapccr: fo that our firfl here fee downe agreeth with the Attinia 0 f Pliny, GalicaoiColamella, and MontofaVlmu r of Theophrafttu, and our fecond with ihe cnmpestru ol 7 beopb-aflm ,Ver. nacula of Columella,and nofiroi cr fplveflrii of Pli»y, and called alfo luttfolia by divers, but Battbir.m in my judge¬ ment hath much confounded them,putting one for another, the feede of the time is called Samarra. The Arabi¬ ans call it Didar,Dirdar,and Lutpuch, the Italians Olmo ; the Spaniards fYxie.thc French Orme , rhe germanes Rr.fi-, bo/tx,,Vlmerbaum,lffenholtzl t andLindbafi as Tragus faith, the 'Dutch Olboom, and we in Engltjh the Elme tree. The Venues. All the parts of the Elme are of much ufe in Thyiicke, benh leaves, barkes, branches and rootes: the leaves while they are young were wont tobeboylcd or flowed,and foeatenby many of the common people, CWarcellus faith that the leaves hereof beaten with fomc pepper,and drunke in M almelie doth help: an old rotten cough to be taken fading, both r Diofcorides and Galen, upon his owue experience fay, that qrcenc wounds are healed by applying lome btuifed leaves thereto and bound upon with the barkc of the Line cr Linden tree, or with it owne barkc, the leaves ufed with vinegar curcth the feurfe and lepry very efteftaally.fo doth the barke alfo in vinegar as galtnia\th,Diefcorides andColumella do borh fay,that the outer bark of-the Elme drunk in wine hath a proper ty to purge flegme, w hich I know of none in our time hath tryed to confirms it: the decoction of the leaves, barke or roote being bathed,healeth broken bones: that moi(lure or water that is found in the bladders on the leaves while it is frefh is very effedually uled to cleamc the skinne and make it fairc.whether of the face,or of any other place. Mattbioltu faith, he hath (ufficient tryall that the water in the blifters on the leaves, if clothes often wet therein and applyed to the ruptures ofchildren will hclpc them, and they after well bound withatruffc. The faid water put into a piaffe and fet in the ground, cr die in dung foray, dayes, the month thereof being dole flopped, and then the bottome fet upon a lay of ordinary fair,that the feces may fettle, and the water become ve¬ ry cleare.is fo Angular and foveraigne a balrne for greene wounds, that it is a wonder to fee how quickly they will be healed thereby, being ufed with loft tents; the decoftion of the barke of the roote fomented, mollyfieth hard tumours,ar,d the fhrinking of the linewes: the rootes of the Elme boyledfor a long time in water, and the fat ri¬ ling on the toppe of the water,being cleane feummed off, and the place annointed therewith that is grotvne bald, and the hair e falne away,will quickly reffore them againc; the (aid barke ground with biinc or pickle untill it come to the forme of a pultisand laid on the place pained with the gout, giveth a great deale of cafe. Jt hath been obfervrd that Bees will hardly thrive well where many Elmes doe grow, or at leaft if they upon their fii ft going abroad after Wnver doe light on the bloomings or feed thereof, fo: it will drive them into a loolcncffe that will kill them all,if they be no: helped fpeedily. Chap. XII. Ofhytfive Ofirya TbeophraJU, The Hotne bcatne tree. His tree which as I faid before, is fo [ike unto rhe Elme, but notably d fferingfrom itrifeth up to be a realonable great tree with a whitifh rugged barkc, ipreading well, anil bearing fotnewhac . . .. - earing 1.. longer and narrower Taves then rhe ordinary Elme,and more gentle or loft in handling, refcm- bling in fome fort the Beech leaves, turning yellow before they fall, for which caule fomc have taken it as a kindeof linall Beech : at the end of the branches hang downe a large tuft of whitifh gtcene narrow and long leaves, being almoft three lquare fet together, among which rilefmall round heads, wherein are contained final!' yellowifh feede like unco barley comes,the timber or wood'hereofis whitifh- like the Beech,but tougher and fironger then any Elme and more durable in any workc,growing as hard as Home, whereon came our SngUJh name. Cafalfix tu feemeth to fet forth another fort differing in the heads of feede which in Italy are fmaller and clofer' A’f ra and in 5'™‘"i7.Jnd with us more loole and larger. ’ ’The place and Time. This grnweth in many Countrycs in this Land,where as I faid lome take it for a kinde of Beech, and fame for a kinde of Elme : the tuft of leaves appeared) in I»xr,and is ripe in the end of AuguJI, or in September. The Names. This tree hath found almoft as many names as there havebeene Authours that have written of ir, but by the judgement of the bed it is the if ft or U : C*, 0 t Tbeophrajhu, which he deferibeth fo plainely in his third Bookc and tenth Chapter, that ic is a wonder that fo many learned men as have called ic otherwife ihould not batter heeds it, but led by tradition or conceit have rather taken it to be any other thing then whit it is, Pbny Lb it c i, de- Ddddddj '• icribeth 1406 Chap.13. Theatmm 'Botanicum. Tries 16' fcribeth it but miketh it like to Fraxinw which is an er- rour in him ,when he fhould rather have fet Fdgxi, for it no way refembleth the Afh, but very much the Beeche. Tragus takechictobe Ormu, and faith he cannot agree to RhcIUu j, who faid that Or mis was a fpecies of Fraxinm, Afatt bin [us callcth it Carpinus when as Flirty fheweth that Carpimts is a kinde of 1 Acer y yet CDodonxw ,Lobcl t and ci¬ thers, call it fo afterliim. Vodonxm alfo in making this to be Carpinrufiic calleth it f # J fi conjugalis of Pliny , and Gerard doth the like verbatim, his.Conigiderletting himfopaffeasifitwtrenofaulcorerrourin him, when as the true Carpinui or Zygia is not knowne what tree meant by it, for the other Maples that arc knowne, are in leaves one like another, yet Dodonjzut in his Dutch Bookemaksch it his third kinde of time, and doubterh if it be not the Vlmtu fylvefiris of Piny, Lugdunenfis gi- vethus the figure of it for V lotus Attinia, but Co,A m or ‘Dalecbampius t as I laid before, as I taker,firft tooke it to be Ofhya and [oGefner after him, and BeUonim^Thalim , ClufiM and Camerarixs, doe ail hold it to bee the ripht, and (o call it, yet Cjefncr in hartU calleth it Feigns fepiaria, Lqbe l Betulus , and Clvfiui F again herb amor tiro. The Italiansci\\ it Capino according to Matthtoliu , and the French in t king it to be Carpinus, call it Char me and Charm pene, hut C tiffins faith that his Country men of Arras cal¬ led i: Hefire t the Germanrs Hanbuchen } znd Hagenbuchen or Hainbtichen } and we in Englifij Hornbeamc,and Hard- beame tree* The Vertaes. We have not learned that any Author hath knowne this tree to be applyed to any Phyficall ufe, but as a wood for many necefl’ary imployments, both for Milles and o- therfmaller vvorkes in good account for the hardneffe, ffrength,and durability. Ofirys five Oftrya Tbcopbrafli. The Horncbeamc tree. Chap. XIII. Tilid. The Line or Linden tree, ^1 He Line t ec is accounted to be of two forts,the male and the female : that which we call the female J is in great requeft both for the large growth and goodly verdure and greene fiiade that it makeeb, as j • k dj Vte i. e nl * 1 * r yfe^eth.elpecially in the blooming time, when a, it is much pleafure to reft under tt.bchdts the Phy l.call vermes, but the male as it is more Orange and lefle feene, folikewife P, ■ - r°j!a~ , and U,C J r e , 'n es that man >’ doe ful P ca it not to be a Jp'da thcreof.bur rather a kinde of time,it is fo differing in forme and fubftance. *• Tiliamas. The male Line tree. The male line tree groweth to be a great tree,and fpreadeth the boughes largely,yet not fo much as the female, covered with a thicker barke, nothtng oflexible and fit to binde things withall, bciaufe it is harder and more ea lie cobteake . tne: leaves artTomewhac like unto Elme leaves but foinewhat (mailer and longer,hard in handline and on every one for the mod part grow fmall bladders orblifters, full of-fmall wormes or flyes, which be,’of ripe doe flyc away (but Dodo^u, cenyeth ,t ro-have any bladders on the leaves.and that they ate deceived which fo pitSure it, but he might be deceived therein , foralthough tranfplamed it bore none, yet naturally it might) I his very feldomebearech either flower or finite and therefore it is held to be barren, not bearing any thing • yet when it doth beare, it carryeth round and Art jiuskes, many growing clofe together, each whereof hanged on a fmall long fooceftalke by it felfc,w.tn a notch or cleft at the head or end : the wood or timber hereof is har- der, more knotty alfo and yellower then the female,and ramming neerer unto the Elme, whereupon many have J . ge ? IC k, " d ° f . E l me * B * u ^ nm maketh another fort hereof with larger leaves which he taketh torbe that which That*, fetteth downein his t0 have found there wildc, and calleth Till* five- ^X f Z ! ^ r£l >; 1 ' hl " ke lcd ! ff , emh f "«i r0,n Tr«, ;M his TitU which both he and ndum* b^efrufe thefcma ekl " de ’ andthereforecannotfo ‘y be referred to the male, becaufe he never faw it 1. TiiaftTmria major. The greater female line tree. This greater Line tree groweth greater then the former (efpecially if it light in good ground, for I f aw at Cel. h. m inKem, a tree whole branches were led into two leverall arbours one above another, befides that on the ground under the branches, which was a goodly (peffocle, and a large fhadow that itrccldedj covered with a darkecofcA-edbuke, the new thereunto.being very obftquious, and pliant to bend and binde, having fome o- ther thin nodes within it, whereofarc oftentimes made, baskets, and as ’BtBnim faith,, the Greekes dbe bottles whichb'ing pitched or Imcd with meftedroffin, ferveto catty wine or water in from place to place, asalfoto make cords,ropes or the nke:the leaves are fame and broad,greener, fmoother, gentler and rounder then Elme leaves.but with a longer end.dented alfo about the edges and of a teafonabie good lent: at the ends of the bran¬ ches oftentimes,and from the foote of the leaves alfocome forth long and narrow whitifh leaves, alongft themid- dle 14 . 0 ? Tlx f BE 1 6 , The Theater of Tlants. i. Ttlianuu. The male Line tree. Ch a f. 13. 2 . Til:afxm,na major- 1 he great female Line tree. die ribbe whereof fpringeth outaflcnder longftalke, with divers white (lowers thereon, fmelling very liveete.alter which follow fmall berries wherein is contained blacke round (cede .* Gerrard faith it bcaieth cor¬ nered fharpe pointed nuts of the bignt Ife of Hafell nuts,(but fuch I never law) and. faith that the male kinde doth beare round pellets cluftring together like Ivy berries, wherein is blacke feede, wherein hec transferreth that to the male kinde, which is proper to the female : the wood is wh'tifbflnooth and li^ht, tbecoales whereof is fic- telt to make Gunpouther withall. At the rootes and under the old trees of this Linden, Tragw faith he lome- Vu* times obferved to grow a certaine Excrelfencc like unto the Oke grape, whereof he knew no ule. jQuexine 3. 7 V ha femina minor. The fmaller female Line tree. {mite. _ This Ieflcr Line tree agreeth with the laft in all things, faving that ic grovveth fmaller both in body,leaves and flowers,the leaves being of a darker greenc colour, and beared) no fruite after the flowers,becaufc thev apneare later then the former. 3 ' The ?Lace and Time. They all grow on the hills and high grounds,yet for the molt pai t in the moifter places, and are often found al¬ io in vallies: with us the greater female kinde is planted in many places of our Land,chiefly for the large fweete fliadow it makecb,and flowi cch ufually in M*j ,the other are very great ftrar.-gers in this Land, fcarcc to be feene any where. The Names, Ic is called in Greek ei‘h?eyPMjr.i, but not as Pliny, that confoundeth Diofccridr, his Pbihreet, with Tbcophaftrw his Phdjr A , fo called becaufe it is brought into timies affair five philjrae fmall thin flscetes or leaves luch as in the elder times they tiled to writeon: in Latin eTi/ia, the one it called was, and the other/iwina bv all Writers,but that r B«ubin m addethunro the title of the mas,V/mtfil,t>, and further faith, that the figures there¬ of evant,are rather of the Elme tnen of;t. Tragic onely and Gefntr infwrrw.have made mention of the LA as of a differing fojc from the ordinary female kinde. The Italian, call ic Til,a, the Spaniard, Trie,, the French TUlet TetllenmdTeil .the german. Linden, and Lindenbaum, fortbe fmoothreffe and foftnefle thereof, the Da tr'h Lir.de, and Ur.d,oeem m d we thereafter the Line or LindentrSe, and in fame places, broad leafed Elme. Plir,y] n his lo.Booke Slid 1 6 Chapter,(heweth tint among the Tibxrt,, the Linefrees were Icene to beare fundry forts of fruits for on one arme grew Nuts on another Grapes, on another Peares or Figs,or Pomegarnets, and divers fo rs of App es.but they all were not of long continuant e. The Vertues. The male kinde is quite without ufe for any thing that I know, nothing being extant thereof in are Authours writings The female is of much ufe, tor the deerftion of the leaves is a good Locionio wafh fore motithes, or that have canckers in them : the leaves alio being bruifed after the boyling, and applved -o their leggesor feetc that.have tumours inthem by falling of humours, doth much helpe them™ the ir° j e n n a !| ke I,k ' Wlf l P erform f c h the like effeft: the flowers of the Line tree, and u! Li ly Convally, being deftilled together, the water of them is much commended againft the falling fickeneffe : tiic deflilied water of the 1408 Ghap.i4~ T keatrum c Bctanicum. R IE F. 1 6 the barke is of the fame effeft, and is alfo of very good ufe againfl the fretting humours chat caufe the bloody fluxcor griping paines in the belly : the laid inner barke being fteeped in water for awhile, caufcth the water to become thicke or mvjcilagye, which being applyed with clothes wet therein, will helpe anv place that is bur¬ ned withfire: the wood or coales of the Line tree, while they are burning ho: quenched in vinegar, and after¬ wards ground with a certainc thing or drugge,called Ocnlicancri and drunkc, is found by good experience to be wonderfully good for thole that by feme fall or bruife, or by blowes doe (pit blood : Tragu/'iaith that he thinketh the flowers hereof, whereon Bees doe much defire to ftedc are good for them. Chap. X I V. Betulu The Birch tree. He Birch tree g' o veth to be a goodly tall flraigbc tree with us, fraught with many bcughes and other (lender brant hes,bending dow ne wards, the older ones being covered with a dilcoloured rcugh chap¬ ped batke, and the younger being browner by much, under v* hich there is another fine white thinne rindeor barke, much uftd to write upon,before paper was uffd, the leaves at their firft breaking out crumpled, and after are fomewhat like unto B^ech leaves, but (mailer and greener, and dented alfo about the edges: it bearerh Irnall and fhort cat kins,fome- what like to thole of the Hafell nuc tree, which abide on the branches a long time, untill growing ripe, they fall on the ground and their feede with them. The PlaceandTtme. This ufually groweth in woods, as well on the higher as lower and moift grounds, every where generally through¬ out the land,the catkins come forth in ^ prill } and the leaves looneafter,tbe leede is ripe in September, The Names. Tt is called in Gt eeke^-^by TheophraflM^ib.^.c.l^yet he giveth it to be folio Carya, and fome read v^va. but others doe thinke that it fhould be folio Oxjz y whereunto it fitly agreeth,in Latine Betula y znd with fome BetnUafortatfe qzia bituminejeatent \ all Authours call it Betula. The Itali¬ ans call it'Bettola, the French Bonlcau and Bes y the Germanes Birchenbaum, the Tlntch Berckenboom, and wee in Englifi Birch tree. The Vertues , The Birch is in our dayes applyed to little phyficallufes, yet the juyee of the leaves while they are young, or the deftilled water of them, or the water that commeth cut of the tree of itowne accord, being boicd with an auger, or dellilled after- wards,any of thefe being drunk for fome time tog' ther.is held available to breake the ftonc in the kidnies or bladder, and is alfo good to wafh fore mouths,a lye made of the afbes of Birch tree barkers cftedluall for the fame purpotes. Many other ci- vill ufes the Birch is putunto, as full to decke up houies and arbours, both forthcficlhgreenncfleand goed lent it cafleth, itfervethtomakehoopestobindecas-kes withill; theycung branches being fiefh arc writhed, and ferve for bands unto faggots: oftheycungtwiggesarc tnadebroomes to fweepc ourhoufes, asalforods to cor re dl ehildrcn atfchcole, or at home,and was an enfigneborne in buncclsby the Lidors or Sergeants before the Confulls in the old Romans times, with which, and with axes borne in the like manner, they declared the pumfhment for leffcr, and grearer offences, to their peo¬ ple. Bitua. Ti e Birch tree, Chai. XV. 'Almu, The Alder tree. iV this Alder, I have to fhew you two or three varieties more then others have exprefled, which are ' thefe Following: 1. Ahnu The uCuall Alder tree, the ordinary Aldertree groweth to a reafonablc heigh:, and (preadeth much if itlike the place, coveted with a trownifh barke,and the wood under it moreted then Elmc or Yew : theboughes and branches whereof are more brittle then any other wood that groweth in or reetc water : the leaves ate round almoft,full of ribs,rugged,thicke and clammy, by realon of a flicking dew that contirually lycth upon them, yec fhining and dented about the edges,fomewhat like unto the leaves of the Hafell tree, tucofadarkcr grecne colour 1 it bfarcth Qiort brownc aglets like the Beech or Birch, which fall not away before the leede is ripe within them, and Tri n e 1 6 . "The Theater of ‘Plants. C H A P.16. Air,w lulgaru. The uluill AUertrse. and then ihey are hard and fcaly, a little long and round like unto an Olive : the timber is everlafting, if it be ei¬ ther under the water or in a watry moift place, for being made into piles it is the fureft and ftrongeft to uphold ci¬ ther bridge, or building thereon, but it is quickly fubjccT to rot if it be kept dry. Vnder this Alder mfundrypla- ces is found fitch a like Excrcflence, as is the Okc Grape. Bauhinw faith ther e is another fort observed whofe leafe is longer then the ordinary for:,not differing in any thing elfe. a, Alnw folio incdno. The hoary Alder* The hoary Alder is a leffer tree then the common forr, whofe barke is whirer,and leaves likewile are fomewhac Ionger,qreater, and more poinred chenit, not fo greens nor clammy on the upperfide,but hoary, by rcalonofchc fm'dihiires are to be feene thereon, if chey be well obfer- ved, or elfe not, but much more hoiry underneath, that it feemeth to be of an afh colour,the footeftalkes of chetri alfo being hoary in like manner, the cackinsoraglecs hereof are fhorterand not fo round as the former, but fomewhat long untill it have given ripe feede. 5 . Ainu* yi/piua minor. The fmall Mountains Alder. This fmall A lder, gro weth in each part like the co m- mon Alder, but leffer and lower both in leafe and other things,and hath not th: leaves bedewed with fo clammy a moifture. The Piece aniTime, Both Place and Time are in a manner diffidently cx* preffed in their deferiptions to be delighted to grow in moift woods.and in other waterv places,and the lad upon the hils in Anfiria y Bowring in Aprill or Maj t and giving ripe feede in September. 7he2{jmes. It is called in Greeke by Tbeopbrajltu but not mentioned by ‘Diofcoridcs or Galen, in Latine Ainu* quod ab amns alautr , Tbeophrtflui lib.^.c.iq. faith this tree is barren, Pliny from h im, [hat it beared; neither dower nor feede, and ytt in the fixtii Chapter of the fame Booke fni . " m °" 3 °, th( ; r "T .when their fruiteis ripe, that the Alder, the Wallnut, and a kinde ofPeares doe ripen in Atuumne, which dcclareth that ht is contrary to himfelfe.in faying it is barren : Some of the Poets’ fai nea that the three fitters of fW«-/*M |W h 0 fefigure being left outhcreyou fliall have in the Appendix.The lad is remembred onely by Bauhinus by the fame name is in the tide.The Italians call i c Ax- nofind Onto, the Spaniards Alifo,tbe French Aulne^hc Germanrs Etlenhaitmfind Flernbaum the Dutch £ir,n and we in Snglijh Mlcr.and Alder tree. TheVertuer. The leaves and barke of the Alder tree,are cooling, drying and binding : the frefh leaves laid upon tumours difiolveth them, and ftayeth the inflammations: the leaves put under the bare feete of travellers, that are (iirba- ted with travelling,are a great refrefhing unto them: the (aid leaves while they have c‘'c morningsdew on them" laid in a chambertroubled withfleas will gather them thereinto, which bcingquickely cad out, wiliriddethe chamberof them : of the barke is made a blackedye, for the courfer forts of things, andwithit, orthegreene fruite inftcad ofgalles.ismadc writingincke, by adding gum and coperastoit. fa 14 09 Folio ob- longo iiri~ at * Chap. XVI. Popular. The Poplar tree. SHe Poplar tree hath beeneaunciently accounted, but of two forts,blacke and white, but byP/iaidi - 'I ftributed into three forts,the white, the blacke, and the Libian or Afpen tree, unto thefe I uinft adde j t wo other out of Loh,I t which are as followeth. 1. Popular alba. The white Poplar tree. The white D opIar tree groweth great and reafonable high,covered with a thicke fmooth barke and White,efpecially thebranches,having large leaves cut into feverall divifions,almolt like unto a vine leafe, but not ^ of 'Theatnm Botanicum , of fo decpe a green on the upper lide,and hoary white underneath, ofareatonable good fent. I B * 16. the whole forme rcprcfenting the leafe of Popttlm alb*, 1 Ik white Poplar irec. V’japopu Ltei. Coltsfoote: the catkins which it bringech forth before the leaves, are long and of a faint red- dill, colour, whichfall away like unto others bearing feldomegood feede with them: the wood hereof is fmooth, foft, and white, very finely waved,whereby it is much eficctned and ufed in many workes. Vnder this tree alfo is found fometimes the like?'esc or berries that are found under other trees. 2. Poptflns atbaminoribus foliii. The (.nailer leafed white Poplar tiee. This other white Poplar groweth like the former, but the branches are more knotted then the former,and the barke more rough and white: the leaves come forth at the ends of the branches and fprigs,being bothfmallcr and lelfe divided on the efges,the catkins arefmal- Icr and fhorter,and nothing fo red, but tendin'* to a brownifb dead colour. -. VojkIhs nigra. The blacke Poplar tree. Theblacke Poplar groweth rather higher, and (freighter then the white, with a grayifh varlie,bearing broad and greene leaves, icme- what like to Ivy leaves,not cut in on the edges like the white, but whole and dented, ending in a point, and not white underneath, hanging by flender long footcllalkes, which with the ayre are almoft continually iliakcn, like as the Alpen leaves are : the catkins hereof are grea¬ ter then of the white,compofed of many round greene berry es.as it were let together in a long popitliti albaminoribus foliu. The imaJlcr leafed white Poplar tree. Popuha tig,a. The blacke Poplar i clutter: wherein is much downy matter contained, which being ripe is blowne away with the wind: the eyed or clammy buds hereof before they fpread into leaves (and not of the white, as dome have thought, nor yet the Vv£ or berries that each of them have growing under them ) are gathered to make the Pngmntum Topuleen, and are of a yellowilh greenc colour,and fmall/omewhatfweete but ftro'ng: the wood is Imooth tough and white, and willquickely be cloven to make (hingles or cleft pale or the like. On boththefe trees groweth a (weetc kind of Muske, which in former times was much ufed to be put into fweete oyntments, and commendedby Galen md, others to bethe belt ncxt.unto that of the Codar tree. 4, Populus Lyfica. The Afpcn tree. The Afpe is fomewhat like unto theblacke P plarfot the growing, but Icffet then either it, orthewhite, and with a darker coloured barke; the leaves are all'o blacker, harder and rounder,then thofe of the ocher, and a little unevenly dented about the edges, and in fome places fpotced with white fpots,hanging by longer and tenderer footeftalkes, which by their continuall (haking and [hiking one againft another, make a noyfe although theaire be calme : the catkins hereof are longer,and of a brownifh a(h colour, which continue a while and then fall away with the feede in it; the wood is white bin nothing fo tough. This tree faith Pliny hath the bed MuSrromed growing under it. 5. 'Populm ratundifoUa Americana, The round leafed Indian Poplar trees The branches oncly of this tree were brought from the Weft Indies, unto Mr .Morgan, who was Quetne Eli¬ zabeths Apothecary, and by Doiftor Label caufed to be drawne to the life, which he exhibited in his tsidvcrfarU and Dutch Herball, the branches were a little crooked,full of joynts.ac three or foure inches diftance.and at each a large perfeft round leafe,without any dent on the edges,but where it is fet on the Ihort footeftalke, being thicke rougher and broader then the leaves of Arbar lrnUi at the fetting to ofevery which leafe commeth forth a fmall long catkin like a thong compa(led with many fmali graines much relembling thole ofthePoplat for wHich caufe he called it a Poplar,the tafte whereof was very aftringent,fomewhat heating and faltilh. The place and Time. The foure former forts grow in moift woods,and by waters tides in fundry places of the Iand.yet the white Is not fo frequent as the other. The laft is declared of what Country breeding it is: their time is liktwife exprefk fed that the catkins come forth before the leaves, and ripen in the end of Summer: but it fhould feeme that the laft hath leaves and catkins altogether. The Names. The white Poplar is called in Greeks Wx»,becaufe of the whiteneffe, in Latine Pcpui-M alia: and Tarfartu of the AncientSjthe blacke is calted diyuept Populus nigra .but with Tragus it is his firft Populus alba, the Afpe is taken by many good Authours to be of Theophrafiw, becaufe he joyncth it next unto the two former, lib.}, c. 1 4. laying it is like unto the white Poplar, which may breede fome doubt whether he meaneth the Afpe or no, which hath no luch divided leaves as the whjte hath, (jar a tranflatctji it Alpina, which it ffemeth he doth from Tlmy, who 'ivl'lfc /Ml i!r ITO if i, 1412 C h a p.iy • Tbeatnm Botantcum. T r 1 b e 16. w ho called it montana ,31 well as Ljbictt, the other are expreffed to be of Lobel his declaration, and ot none before him, Homer in his fifth Iliad, calleth the white Poplar £%}ab Acheronte, becaufe wheen Hercules had over- come Cerberus, he came crowned with this Poplars branches, which he found growing by the river vAcheron, i n triumph ol that viftory, and from his example, all that with glory have conquered their enemies in fight, were wont to w'eare a garland of the branches thereof ; theirerrour that Sues,rum, yellow Amber was the gum of the blacke Poplar is fo ridiculous, that but to name it is fufficient confutation, elpecially feeing Matthio'lus hath done it before. The Arabians call the white and blacke Poplar Haur, and Haur romi, the Italians Popolo bianco and nero, the Spaniards Alamo blanco.sndnigri/Ho, the Trench Abeau, an dPeteplier, and Tremble, the Germans Bellen,Poppelbaum and Sarbaum ,the Dutch /tbcelboem, and Topelier wort, and We in Englijh ,the white and blacke Poplar tree,and the other the Afpc or Afpen tree. The Venues, The white Poplar faith galea, is ofa mixt temper, that is, of an hot watery, and of a thinneearthy efience and therefore it is of a clenfing property, the weight of an ounce in poutherot the batke of the white Poplar being drunke faith Diefcorides , is a remedy for thole that are troubled with the Sciatica or the Strangury, and thereupon Sapius occultus villa coxendtce morbsu P erfurit preftut diro languore moral Ur, Topulus alba dabit medicos de cortice potus. Serenas hath thele Veriest The juyee of the leaves dropped warme into the eares,eafcth the paincs in themtthe young bourgeons or eyes, before they breake out into leaves, bruifed and a little honey put to them.isagood medicine tor a dull fight: The blacke Poplar is held to be more cooling then the white, and therefore fome have with much profit applyed the leaveshrui ed with vinegar, to the places troubled with the gour, the leede is held good againfi the failing ficke- nelletobe drunkeinvinegar: the water that droppeth from the hollow places of the blacke Poplars, doth take away warts,pulbes, wheales, and other the like breakings out in the body : the young blacke Poplar buds faith Adatthiolus,3te muchufedhy women to hcautifie their haire, biuifing them with Irefh butter,and ftrayning them after they have bccne for lomc time kept in the Sunnt-: the oyntment called Populcon which is made of this Pop. laris lingulas goodforany hcate or inflammation in anypartofthe body, and doth alfo temper the heate of wounds ": it is much ufed to dry up the milke in womens breffs after their delivery, or w hen they have weyned their children. The Afpen leaves are in the like manner cooling,and are ufed for the fame purpofes that the blacke is,but are in all things farre weaker .Tragus it leemeth putteth the blacke Poplars inftcadof the white,and the A- (pen inllead of the blacke,as hisdeferiptions and figures declare. Chap. XVII. Taxus, The Yew tree. Tsxmi. The Yew tree. iHc Yew tree groweth with us in many places to be a reafonable greae tree fpreading many large branches.which make a goodly fliadew | covered with a reddifh rugged barke,ihe bo- ' dy-, and elder boughes being more grayilh, andthe younger redder, whereon grow many winged leaves,that is many long and narrow darke greene leaves fomewhat foft in handling, and not hard as the Fine tree leaves are, whereunto they are compared by many let on both (ides ofa middle (lalkc, ahvayes abiding greene and not falling away in Winter: the flowers are fmall ami yellow.growing along clofe to the branches, where aft: r- wards the berries come forth, of the bigmffe and colour of the Holly, or Afparagus berries, fweere with a little bitternefle, and procuring no barmc to them that eate thcm.for any thing that 1 haveheard : the wood hereof is reddifh tough and (kong. The Place surd Time, This groweth in many places of this Land, but planted in all whether at home or abroad : it flowreth ufually in aAprill or A/cy,and the berries be ripe in Semptember,3nd Olhber, Latine Authours call it, except Cordus on Diofccridcs that calleth it M /**,and others Smilax ,becaufe it was gene¬ rally taken robe cither deadly or dangerous to eate there¬ of,or under it,or to deep under it alfo, which in our land is found contrary bymany men Ac children eating of the ber¬ ries without harme, it is thought that all poyfensbecame to be called Taxica ,and by time called Toxica, from hence the Italians cal it Taffo,the French If,she Germans Sibtnba - urn ,the Dtttchlbenboomflnd Bogenhout, and we in Englijb Yew The T H I BE ‘i be c j beater of \Plants. ChAP*i8 . 1^10 f -nil l be Vertices % The opinion of harinc that ihis tree worketh, or pefadventure Tome arrirfonMif jra-' thcr by the dim ite wherein it is bred,or of the perfons that take it hath caule 1 ,h T by cJl! j em P erlcllre > C1 " property recorded, by any ancient or moderne Winer hereof, but [fill faid bv’m h'Th < T a '7 y S ° oc! danj^tous to men,and therefore MatthaUu cklleih the matter into queftiontwhetto icbe hoc or cdUf fcoTtdes and thofe tine follow hiirijiaymo it is cold sDDoinc thole rem^Wire fL . ° • c , * or Dw ' that is to drinke much wine i but Matihiolm conceited! there aeamlt in that ’ ci>at cllLy a PP 01nc tor Hemlockc, bittenielle, neitherof which qualities portend any SSo be m themwehlbmc c6jn^t)latke,belides the ever gteenenefle of the tree, as Pines Fines Arc ail wh ' bl rds ch « fcc * thereon bc- cherci,i,and the more, became as he faith, men that ha T , fl - lcw a te ™P«ate heate robe . ate of them, have beine driven into fever laske bvevil ?"- by telwexcatBc of the berries to nctffom any cold quality. V®**™' .count, as well With us, as with other nations lung agoe, for Virgil Georg.*, faith,’ Chap, XVIII. NuxUglms. The Walinuc. S fp N '° the Wallnnt that We have ufually growing in out Land, Iir.uft addefome others fouohtour hnrh S nceret 1,ome and iarre abload > as out of Virginia, two forts,one white and another blacke^ ’ ^ ^ p s i I. Nux lua/ant nuIa/**** On* .,,,,.... 1 * 7 .n._ . SflvM Tl-wn i- NuxlngUmvnlgnrie. Our ordinary toaUnT uldle t te7 Cn leaVCS ’ Ut rf a " a "’ ! , 1 aU ° thCr ’ W ‘ th anodde 01,e *the end feme what redd! and fin'elhand^fomeivhacoflitifive* «“he/4nM widt"'b-hra^&M df arc . ot =*»«>■>£« open into final) flowed, and failing away the ‘ ” - ^thlmaUandlongyellowifh catkins,whiais round Nil TC rrimf* in ekeh- .^1 o „ . . r 1 * -.ywo, unu dvVdV [I1C 1 round IN Lies come in their places, two or three unially fee together, which are covered with J a double huske, the cucermolt, thicke/ofr and I green,the inner flull hard, wherein,is a white I Hvccte kernell contained, covered with a thin J ydlowilh bitter peeling, which eafily patteth » rrom it while icisfrefh, but will nor peelc I growing old : the wood or timber hereof is f hard and dole, of ablackifli browne colour, II with divers waved veincs therein, which ma¬ il ketli it much ufed in joyners workes,Sec.bein'* } , vc 7 durable,being kept dry,but is loone rotted I in the weather. Becaufe 1 faid in my former Booke that the I 7 Nux Iuelans albaVirgtnettfi. The white Wallnut off trgtm*. The tree hereof groweth more upright,and fpreadeth lefle, the leaves are alike, and the nut is rounder, fmal- let,much thicker and whiter in the outer hard (hell then any of the former foit, and the kernell within much lefle alfo,but white and as fvveece. # r/ . . . 8 Nux IugUns nigraVirginenfit. 1 be blacke Wallnut ot Virginia. Theblacke Wallnut differeth little in the tree from the white, but the not is blacke and round, very rugged or chapped on the outfide.and lo hard and thicke a fliell thac it can very hardly be broken with great ftrokes ol an hammetjhaving a very final! kernell within it. The Place and Time. It is thought that the Wallnut firft came out of Perfut, for it is not knowne to grow naturally any where, but (till have beene planted of the Nuts put into the ground (for 1 have not heard that they can be produced by any o- ther meanes) wheieloever they grow,excepting onely the Virginia kmdes : they bloflome eare y, before the leaves come forth,’nd the ftuitc is ripe in September, except the late ripe .which as i» bud is in OUcber. The Names, By the name of did the ancient Greekes underftand all forts of frnites, whofc outer (hell or covering was hard'as Nux AmnAM.Nux Eubeicn. C 4 ‘»eu, Nux Hcruclmic *, Avcllana,Nux Jnd.ca, Nuxmc/chatu,Nux Pin'*,&c and becaufethefe were brought unto them by Kings, they therefore called them &■**>■* : Nux Reqiu , but afterward it was called edge Jcvu gUns, and fotheLatmes from them D.ugUns, but coStrafttne the word, and fubfttaaing the firft Letter, they called it Iuglrns, other names are found m Vlmj whereby the varieties of them were called,as PirJica 3 Tarcntina t and cJ%?//«/o for thole with tninne lhels, and CMoracina i and Moracillain (JMacrobiw 3 for thofe that come late, their feverall titles declare tbefe here, and their generall name by all Authours of late is Nux lugUns, or Nux %ggia, the outer greene (hell or rinde, is cal¬ led in Latine Gulina, and by Fesiut Culeolm: the inner skimie that covereth the kernell is cal ed Nmci. The Arubims call it Airland 5 ?ra«/?, which is properly but Nux.ts Giuufi bundi, Nux BututenSr. the Stolimt Noci, the French A'oi.v.and N pier,the Spaniards Nutz.es,the Gtrmmes ff'elfchnutkaum, and iY*/j(’ the hiring of any man,or any o' fee venoineor infeftious poylon.Cwfwt Pompeui found or Herbegrace,bruifedand beaten together with two or three comes ot (ait, which taken every morning faffing preferveth from danger of poyfon or infection that day ir is taken : the Joyce of the outer greene huskes boyled up withhony,is an excellent gargle for fore mouihes.the hcate and inflammations in the throate or ftomackc : the kernels when they grow old are more oyly, and therefore are not fo fit to be eaten, but then are tiled to hcale the wounds of the finewes, gangrens, and carbuncles: the faid kernels being burned are then very aftringenr, and will flay laskcs.and the feminine courfes taken in red Wine, and (lay the falling ofthehairc,and make it faire, be¬ ing annointed with oyle and wine,the like will alfo the greene huskes doe, ufed in the fame manner: the kernels beaten with Rue anl Wine,being appliedhelpeth the Quinfie.andbruifed with fome honey, and applyed to the eares.eafeth the paines and inflammations of them : if they be eaten after Onyons, they take away the ftrong fmeiland fharpenelfcof them, a [recce ot the greene huske put unto an hollow tooth, eafeth the paines andcon- fumeth the marrow (the worme as they calf it) within it: the catkins hereof taken betore they fall thereof,dry • edand given adramme weight in pouther with white wine, doth wonderfully helpe thofe women that are trou¬ bled with the riling of the mother, fome doe ufe the greene huskes,dryed and made into pouther inftead of Pep¬ per tofeafon their meates.hut if fome dryed Sage in pouther be put unto it,it will give it the better rellifh : in the fame manner doc fome ufe the young red leaves before they grow greater, and find it a feafoning not to be difpi- fed of poore folkes: theoylethatispreffedoutofthekerncll 5 (be(ides that it is farre better fo, the painters ule, toilluftratea white colour then Linfecdeoylc which deadeth it, and is of Angular good ule to be laid onguilded workes, oronthofeworkes of wood that are made by burning, fuch as are thofe walking (laves that have workes on them or the like, to preferve the colour of the gold, or of the other worke for a long time with¬ out decay,) is very profitably taken inwardly like oyle of Almonds,to helpe thechollickeand toexpell winde ve¬ ry effeftually, raking an ounceortwoata time. The young greene nuts before they be halfe ripe, prelerved whole Trib S i6,_ The'[heater of Hants. Chaf^. i 4 i S Whole in fugar, are not onely a dainty junket among other ofthelikenatim, but are ofeood u(e for ttiofe rhir- have weake ftom.ckes and defluftions thereon. The d.ftillcd water of the grelne hnske before thev Ire halfe r is of excellent ufc both to coole the heate of agues,to be drunke an ounce or two at a time Js afford refill cheiiL feSion ofthe Plague,iffome thereof alfo be applyed to the lores thereof, the fame hkewile coolech che hean- prfene 'ITT dS Jnd old u i ccrs r and C ° healc t ! lem bcin S bathed 'herewith, the deftilled water like wife of the greene huskes being ripe.whcn they are fhaled from the nuts,is of very good u(e, to be drunke with a little >i«, gar,for thofe that are infefted with the plague, fo as before the takin- thereof a veine be oneneH rhi i f fX r hT C h H hC ( fa ‘ d fl' yat ? r iS VC / y g0od againft the co bc k ar § led “ d bathed therewith and wondeT rt lyl :r^ dCaf£nC / iC >' h ', n0 ^ and othcr pamcs in thc c,res > the dia ‘ lled water of the youn» greene leaves in the end o tMaj, psrformeth a lingular cure on foule running ulcers and fores to bc bached unh* i u ,n w°rh S h S ap ^l y ' d co tbem cvenin g a '>d morning there refteth on the leaves of this ucc a kinde of red chicke dfe* at h n Ct n l Ume Su “ mcr more thcn on an y other tiee round about it, which will be rather dry then bedewed at all,which honey dew being taken doth Hake the third wonderfullyit is averred bv lime than! the huskes and all be put into hony.thcy will then bc of fo good efficacy for lores and lore mouthes that fitlybcmadcgarglesandlotions,eitherinwardoroutward. * * eofmay Chap. XIX. Nux AvcKana, The Hafl'ell nut. orfproutesfrom therootes.andIprcadintofundrybranches, cOTeredwth^br^mmf rrkl^'t^'^^^u greene undermoff,bearing large wiinckled or crumpled leaves fomewhat like inrn Aah thin barke ’ and edges into (ome deeper dents,but not cut into divilions of a fid greene „ h ° AId f leav “> cl,c ln on ttic the catkins come forth in the Winter before any leaves Ipoeare tcim* then fi b h’ ?", d grayifil und e™eath: coIour,and afterwards opening themfelvcs,become more yellow,falling away"whfcn^thb°eaVc/ begintodppearej ThcFillbcrd,amj the wildHjlell Nut. + r Nux Avc/haa MmJonica livi Byfaminj cu Deri's, of Macedonia or Coni! intmople. PSp- ’t .’i f' if e'k ' iff lS# Mi III' h (HuJto! lift •?:: T - f; la: f y\{ ■ 54 1 |. ll’f 'rW* 14x6 Ghap.20. Theatmm Botanicum, R I B E l6 the nuts breake forth at other places of the {hikes, thrceorfoureot more together, each enclofed in a tough browne huske, which reacheth beyond the nut, and is parted at the end into lundry jagges, the nut with it is large and round, more then the long fort, with a white thinne fhell on the outfide, and a white peeling covering the kernell within which is very iweete, the wood hereofis linooth,white, and fomewhat tough or hard, 2. Nux AveUanafauvaalhamaximofruSlu. The great white Fillberd. This differeth in no other thing from the former, but in growing higher and bigger, and the nuts larger by the halfe,but round and white like it. 3. Nhx Svetlana fativafrHCiu latino. T he long Fillberd. This Filberd differeth not in the bufh or tree,in the leaves or catkins, in the Nut or the bearded huskes from the former, the onelydifferenc&oonfCeth inthe nut it kite, which is long and round, and hatha browner (hell, which is diflinguifhed into two 'forts, the one hath the inner thinne skinne or peeling that covereth the kernell, red and the other white, and each of them of a hr ecter tafle then the former, and the red of this lort, better alfo then the white. . 4. 2 Avellana Mice dome* jive Bjzantina. Filberds o\. e , she French NoiJettcr,No.frlies and AveHa.ms, the Cjestncmes H*felnt therc h ,Uo a lictle adringent quality in them, whereby they drengthefi both the liver and the domacke.ro be put either in rneates or medicines: they are alfo good to clenfe the back and “ 0Be bPCedins ***«“ 1 [ hey noutifh more then any other nuts.andhe'lpetoentucafe *47 Chap. XXI. Nux Veficaria. The bladder Nil?* S ? r batlardt rothcr t0 ' he Pidacke,I mud ad/oyne this bladders nur, whofe growtth is not much unlike ruing up lometimtsintoa reafonable tree,and in other places (hooting forth fundry fuckers, wherebv it becommeth rather an hedge bufh to be plaiTred, and lec fpread, the barite whereof isofawhitifh the fdep? reCn u C ° • r ’ j 1 ,C ,ca '' CS3rc ^ s ' e I° r themodparefet together onadalke, each a little dented about nv fet topXr PO h T tCd 'a the ends ? of a P aic g' eene colour: ‘he flowers grow on a long (talke ma- feLnike fn oTwWre J’-n MV ? ard l belng 5,1 WhitC ' the J ma11 round ™PP e the making them brownilW? llff ^ D h°c', : a!ccr them come lwolne ruffetidi greene skinny bladders, with one or two it° atche fird fcmpwhar f f ( wlth a ^ hard (bdl not eafie to breake, and a greenid, kernell within Counrrv nenni^'tTr 2 !! WeC n C ’ h“t afterwards loathfome and-ready to make one cad, yetitis eaten by fome defetm hath hranohr 0 ^^ 1 ' 8 S a ' c not f, 0 safll 3 ' provoked : the wood is white,hard and firme.Mr. 7 r,*. xejcanr hath brought a fort from f trgimx, having divers nuts in the bladder. JtUrii The Place and Time. Firgncnfs It groweth in many places of this land,both as a hedge bulb ,and a dandard tree at Afrford in Kent and at Mil ‘ threc miles from Cambridge,ani. flowreth in cA&y.the fruite is ripe in Atuufl or September, . The Names. „ iI h o!!L n /TL mPjn ^ rf ° f an ? 0ng tllC - ncicnc Authours ’ cither Greeke or Latine, except it be taken for Pli- wbere £ lome . doe In lom = P art doubt > becaule he faith the nuts grow in ftliaui,, but thefe rctla8rec,r, S t0his defbriptionthereof, caufe.h othersto thinke hi t can ^^r r adderS:the G “ aS 1 faid cal1 ft b * the fame nams the P cal > Pidacke^and tWforc otto calf itPiJl actum germavmtm. Matthtolm m his Epidlestaketh it to be the CttUcoul, and Hebulbim of the Turin nle»fam I ta« a e d m bea h UC * ^thebigneffe of both "ones fids, and faeh this is not, and i, oto?efSS pleafant tafte among them. It is nfually from the forme itcarryeth nowadayes, called Nux veficaria w ionic places Ptftactafjlvefiru, and fo Scalier taketh it to be a ipeciet of it, Gefier Ctich, that Come Italians at Eeee e« 3 Rome. Ch a P.22, Theatrnm Botanicum. Trib* i6 ( Rome called it Sambucw vaUida, and Angnilara faith the Italians in other places call it Albero de I'vua, and Piflachio (alvaticc, the French' Nex, coupes. the Ger¬ mane: Pimpemufxlin, as they doe the former, the Hatch Pimptrnoeten, and wc Bladder nut. The Vertues, The Nuts are as is before faidjoathfome and over¬ turning their ftomackes that eate them, although Sca- liger commendcth them to be of the like tafie and qua¬ lity with Piflackes, but wee will give him leave to pleafe his palate, and Aomacke with them, and will not envy the good he fhallgetby them, we never yet could leame that they were accepted among our peo¬ ple, except with fome flrong clownifh (tomacke, which can almoft digeff an horfc raile. 1 h cyhave no ufeinPhyficke, with any judicious that I know, but fome Emperickes, that dare venture to give any me¬ dicine, be it never fodaungerous have boaflcd of the helpe they have given to thofe that were troubled with the done,and others to procure Venery, Huxvefcam five Stapnlodtadrcn. Tie bladder Nut. Chap. X XII. Fraxinw, The Afh tree. He Adi according to Theophrajlw and other of the later Writers, is diflinguifhed into a taller and a lower fort,or as with us into the tame and the wilde fort, which (hall be here declared. r. Fraxinw vulgaris. The common great Afh. The common Alh groweth high quickely, and in time becommeth to have a reafonable big trunke or body, covered with a fmcoth grayilh barke, under which there is a thinner which being deeped in water a while, will give a b!ewifh colour,lprcading reafonable well,and bearing winged leaves of many, let on both (ides of a middle lialke,and one at the end, each being long andfomewhat narrow, gentle,of a pale green colour,and dented about the edges,rt iundry joynts with the leaves commech forth abunche of flowers,and after them a thickeruft of many thinne hrowne huskes hanging dowr.ewards,each upon a very Imal! fhort footeflalke, within which 1) eth a l’mall hlackifh hrowne long flat feed very like unto a birds tongue, tailing fome what flrong and hot in the mouth: It beareth alfofometimes, and in fbme places cer taine fmall round balles called apples, confiding of a clammy mode,gathered into a Inmpe with a hard knot inthe middle, the wood is white flrong and tough fit for many ules.lor by the toLK'hr.clTe, not being apt to cleave or rend,it is much employed about Coaches Carts ,&c. and tor handles for tooks.and inftruments of husbandry. Homer chaunts the praifes thereof in Achilles fpeare, made of Alh.which holdeth good in all the fpeares, pikes.&c.ufed in warre ever finec. 2 . Ornw five Fraxinw fylvefirii. The wild Afh or Quicken tree. The Quicken tree groweth fi Idome to any great height, with fundry fpread branches, covered with a more rugged and darker barke then the Afh, the leaves are winged like unto them, butare lefler and fo is every par¬ ticular one by it felfe, not fo clofely fee together, dented about the edges, and of adeepegreene fhiuing colour : at the end of the branches come forth white flowers in a reafonable great tuft or umbell, fmelling pretty and fweete,after which follow final! round berries, greene at the firft,and datke red, when they are through ripe,of an unpleafanc tafle, ready to provoke calling, if one eate many of them,the wood is fomewhat hard and firme, but of a browner colour then A fh. The Place and Time. The Alhdclightethbed to grow in the wetter rather then in the dryer grounds and by Medow (ides : theo- thcr groweth in fundry places of the Land, in woods chiefly ,and thofe by Heigh gate in Iundry parts, the balles or apples of the Afh come forth in the end of Winter, and then they are to be fecne, but the feedc and fruite of them both is not ripe untill September. The Names. The Afn is called in Greeke >«*■'*, and in Latine Fraxinw : the feede is called lingua avU, but the inner kernell isfo called rather then the whole huske; the other is likely to be the SjceueAM, Fraxinw mens ana ofTheophraflw, which Tr I B * 16. The Theater of Tlantu Cha Pv22, x 4 Frixmu*vulgaru. Thcca^mon great Alb, 14*9 2. Ornua five Ftaxinut ffvcflris. T he Quicker (ree,or wild Alii. Lat 0rnu, \ ° f f ° me and YCehmeUa Traxinm QlvtfirU. Tragu, callcth it wa« arbor , Dodonaw Fraxmm Mala, and Gefncr Fraxinut aucaparia. Ru'llimfiefar. ^Dodt,, and o- S?rtml«cm»h! others call it Sorbmfjlvcftri,,'BclIor,i Mt cluf,M,ind Thaliut, luodu r l b Pe cha . t b °y cs > and fowlers 11 le rhe berries as baites to catch Blacke birds.Thrufhes &c and Lagdanonfu So,b M terminal*. without any fenlc or reafon, but they that referre ,t to SorbfZZ,fc Z \nc. them 9 P 1 ” 10 ” as ln man y things, as they that reterre it to Fraxinw, the Afh reiembline both of £rZt& th=c hcauftth F ?f 7 riatio " T v r ‘''r cal1 the Afh the “I fX, TfZZt u ’ , , Q™?** Efcherhaam, the Dutch Efcbtn.mi we in Snelifl, t h c Afh tree, and the (eedes KMmr '“ allcd b y tlie (j'rmanos, Grofftr MaUbanm, became they have another they call ■01, . . The Vertues. venemous S Ji V mre"l? , i e f ° f ' A f >te ( ‘ nguhr § ood againft cbe falting of [he Viper or Adder, or any other outwa, llv iTwin’riaft!-? young tender toppes with the leaves be taken inwardiy, and fame of them applyed won cum Ttao / ^ p °!i °“ tnac it fhall doe no iiarme, Serenxi faith the fame or the (cede. Fr.ixinenm (0- wonoum Bacckt rore b.bcniam cfl , the wood and the barite is by others held to be effeduall hereunto n ■ J'n 2nd rT* Wj v^ r ? e th cbat tbo ^ e ferpents will not abide theffisrdoWStat the Afh maketh in ihe”mornin n and the evening which then are longeft, no, will come neere it'.atidfurther faith of h s owee exper ence b ff then in n r^h PE 7 ^ within a circle of thc boughes of the Afh trie, itwaiionefle o the f e as aUo^oh^peaobrea'keandexpeM the V ft Sw 'l' c,a,c vcr f g°°dto open the cbftruftionsoTthe liver and fpkene tender branchesand leave, of theAfh l '° T th , e f a W d,lc i The water drilled from the young and for thofe that are fubied to a dnnIV ’ i • ln = 11 ar good 1nedicine to take every morning falling a imall quantity, and caufethem^ to be Unci e and°au ^ ^ y ^ **« 5 »P>. » abafe their greatncfle rlosdi„r,i,» g 1 lancite ana aunt; 1 /;»;wasmuch mifla enin writing chat the leaves of theAfhwere ophrljim, whoftlth “f 3 '&^ h r S rd d he a rTe Cleff h -° ^ ^ f * chewed , 1 * e c « d , which he taketh out of The. ■ \ , , ’ , K . * axm, and.he referrethit FrmcirM. theafhesof theharkenf the Am much - V the feedr ° iwfl 0 ' £ ther pl: J ces infeAed with lepry, or other white feurfe or (call doth helpe them XancTe: T W here q b norh^ ^ ,ai . th ' «««*«-«?> to’chofe t hat irefelte S{r*wberrietreebiireNtttsftheplaB^tree^ppllre^SeChefildtcfeeBeeSinu^^thc 5 wtlVe^A bloffomes,and Elmes Acornes, inthefe verles following. ’ Wilde .Afh the Peare trees Infer it nr Jnfertturvero exfdttH nucU Arbutus horrid* £tft cr lies Plat mi Males gejfere vale rotes Cafiaaee Fagos-. Ornus sneamit albo Floregyi gUniemque [ties fregere fttb Vlmbt, Chap- XXIII. Sorbin. The Set vice tree, JEcaufe the true Service tree is fo like unto the tame ar.d the wild Alh in the leaves, and thatthe wild I Afh is called a Service by divers, i thinke ltmeete to joyne it next unto them,and wii h it lomc other I lores that have obtained the name of Serviccs,although differing much in forme from it. i, Sorbw legitima, The true Service tree. The true Service tree groweth in time to be a great and a tall tree, fpreading (undry great bran¬ ches, covered with a rough grayilh barke,whereon grow laige winged leaves, greater and longer then thole of A(h,and each o( them broader, more blewifh greene, and harder, and mor* grayifh grecnc underneath, and more dented alfo ahout the edges; tl»e flowers grow in dufterSjat feverall places on the branches with the leaves confiding of fourc white leaves a peecc,after which follow the Iruice as big as \\ allnuts dialed out or the grecnc huskes, tending to yellow when they are r ipc with broad browene kernels within them,in lome round,which are accounted the belt, in fomeovall that is long and ronnd,and in fome altnoft Peate fafhion, which like other Ser- vices are hard and hardi when they are ripe, and mud be hung upon firings in a warme roomc, ci laid covered with drasv.chaffe.or fome cloathes to make them mellow fit to be eaten, which then will be more pleafant than mellow Medlars, the wood is very firme and dole,and yellower then the Afh. 2. Srcbm Tormirsalufive vulgaris. Our common Service tree. Our common Service tree rifeth up to a realonable height and bigneffe,fpreadmg largely with a whitifli colo¬ red finooth barke, the leaves grow fingly by themfelvcs,which are not winged but broad and cut into fundry de- vifions and broad at the bottome next tothcdalke.ot a fad greene colour, the flowers grow includers of a whi- tith colour at the end of the branches for the mod pare, which are fucceeded with fmaller round befrics then the former,and browner alto,containing within them Imall blackilh hard kernels: thefe mud Iikcwiic be mellowed to be eaten, or tile Iec hung on the bran dies unt ill the hods mellow them on the trees, link fie the birds devoure them being neglefled : the wood hereof is ofa brownifh yellow colour and hard. 3. Sorbus fylvefirit Anglictts. Red Cheffe apples,or the Snglijb wild Service. This tree which we ent tic a Service, from the harfhneffe of the greene fruite,groweth not high ufuaily,but ra- i. Sorbui legiti mu- T- c true Service tree. 2. SorbuiTorminalii'vulgaru. Ouc comnaon Service tree* ehe- Tribe i6. T he Theater 0/Plants. Chaj ,23. 14.21 4. Sorbin fylve/faii Ana lbtcpbra£gdtUa. 1 he vvild Service tree called Ana. ther as a hedge bufh, whole tlemme and bran¬ ches are covered with an hoary or grayifh barke, the leaves are broad, fomewhat like unto Viburnum the Lithyc tree, ( which GVr^calleth the Wayfaring tree) not cut in nor dented at all about the edges, the flowers are of an over worne moflie colour, after which followeth fruite, of the bigncflcot an hedge pearc, and reddtfh on the cutfide, ot an harfti talte like the unripe or hard Services, yet the Country peo¬ ple doe often eate of them, being ripe from the tree, inftcad of better fruite, but after they have beene ga- theredand laid by a while to mellow, become more pleafant. Sorbtu (ylvefirU Aria Tbeopbrafii dill a. The wild Service called Aria. This wild Service tree groweth to be a very great call and farrC fpreading tree, with many boughes and branches.whereon are fet large crumpled haid leaves of a deepe greene colour on the upper fide, and gray or hairy underneath, with divers veines sunning al- moft upright thcreimand dented about the edges, the flowers are of a white moflie colour, thicke ciuftring together, made of foure leaves a peece, u hkhturne into brownifh red berries,with a fmall tuft at the top, containing within them fmall blackifh feedes, and are of aharfli tafte like to the reft, ye \ cry pleaiant, more then any of the reft,afterthey are mellowed: the wood is very hard, and firme or cloi’e, and whitifh withall. The Place and Time, The firft isfeene with us but in a few places, and thofe oriely p anted for their rarity. 1 lecond is found in many places of England, The third in JVefl- merland , on a hill that relpecfeth the Sea eight miles from Lancafter called Rootherflacke, but more plenti- tifully in JYetberJlacke Parke, as I am enformed : Thclaft groweth like wife in fome places here and there, throughout England, as in the parts not farre from Croydon,and one tree alfo groweth on Hampeftcad Heath alone by it felfe,without any other nereit on the left hand of the high way,as you goe on forward to Hendon > they do all flower before the end of AIaj t and the fruite is ripe in Ottober. Tht Names, It is called in Greeks hiondmb,Oa an d Om, in Latin zSorbun the firfl is the Sorbue legitim a of Clufuu, Scr- biv cfculenta of Camerarim,Sorbin aomefticaol Matthiolm and Label , who alfo thought it might be Oflrya Theo- fhreifii but erroniou 0 y,as by the difeription thereof given before may be leene, all other authors call it Sorbu, fc ply : thefecond is the faavtb Serbia o(Fltiy which hee callcth Torminalh,is Cordus,Tragui,mA Mmhiolns dee: a chough Lugdunenfi, mifliketh of it faying that the leaves arc nothing like the 7 J Lit.im.it, whertunto I’lmj C0P • pared them , he therefore callcth that S »-bus torminaiii , which ij called Or.nns or f raxiiw, Jiheftri,, as I hitx fhewedyoubefore.becaufe he would call it Crattgm Tbeophrafli, as yf«j*i/aradid before him: which it is lo no - withlhiidi g , nothing hindiing but that it may as well be Craugm Tbeophrafli , as Sorbi quart:,m V mu ‘Plimt ttithimTorminaLs, b„th the diferiprions agreeing fitly heietmto, C bn fine and Lobe!, and divers othersf and Gt/ner ** hor !" al '° cal < ic tormiMlis, who j et thinketh it might be a species of AIcJj>i/m. Aroma, and peradventnre may be Theophr,ftm his tr/nthexo&moids, which Gaea calletb Cjallhca. Bauhinur placeth it as one of the Medlar as he doth idio our Hawthorne, which in his eighth number he teferrab totbc OxjMobttu PjmftrtfimiUo of Jitojcorides, and ) et in his ninth number ma! eth that OxjM.vtha ‘DwfctrUU, to he Pjrncmtha of Lobel and Chi. 1 whtch haih no luch divided leafe as the Han thorne hath, and yet both of them beare berries like Services and not Apples like Medlars, fomeallo tooke it tob'e the Hifpomcli, of WU*i. The third hath not beene di- vulged in writing by any before me, and therefore that Latmit name may ftand untill a fitter may be found, the Natives there call them red C'hdTeapples, andSeaOnlers. The lafl is taken by all our V.oderne Herbarifls to be the Ana of c heophrafl (((.although BeUpmm faith as is lie wed before, that that kind of Jlex or Okc that is called A- L doth ho,d t!le of dn* in Mount esithor, as is (hewed before- Lobelc allcth it AriaTheo. phrabhefligie Aim. Clnflut Sorbm Aria Cognomina u, Gefner inhar.tb, oAfn* Alpwdwl pilofa, Be ft mm, callcth it Sorbw tormmalu Gallomm, and AnguiUra and Lugdmenfls Aria alfo, md Tbeophrafli as Carporarim doth, who faith Cordm called it Lana,a arbor. The Service is called by the Dalian, Sorbe, by the Spaniard Servas, by the French Cormes ,and Sorbe,, and the tree Cormier,Sorbier, by the Germane, Sp rwerbar.m the tree, and Sperbic* ren the fruite, the Dmch Sorbe*, and Sorbcnboom, and we in Englbjh the Service tree or fruite: the lad is called bv the Italians ATata!lo t and by the Trench sllijier ,and drier by fome. ^ • TbeVertues, Services unmellowed are very harfh, able to draw ones mouth awry almoft to be eaten, orelfe tochokeone but made mellow chey are more pleafant, and fit to be taken ofmoll to day flixes, (cowrings, and call inns vet Idle then Medlars, although many doe eate them that ncede not,for any fuch purpofe: ifthey be dryed before they be mellow and kept all the yeare, they maybeufed in dccoaions for the faid purpofe, either todrinkeor 1422 Cs a p.,24.. Tbeatram 'Botariicim . T r i b s 16 to bathe the parts requiring it, and is profitably uled in that manner to ftaythe bleeding ofwoundsTand at the mouth or nofe to be applyed to the torchead,and napeofthenecke. Chap. XXIV. Mclpiluf. TheMedlir. Here are obferved (undry lores of Medlars whereof three were knowne to the auncient Writers the reft areof later invention. 1. Mejpilm maxima fativa. The great manured Medlar. The great Medlar groweth ncere to the bigneffe of the Quince, but never fo great as an Apple tree thatever I faw, fpreading branches,reafonable largely, with longer and narrower leaves then either Apple or Quince,and not dented at all about the edges,at the end of the fprigges hand the flowers made of fivelwhite<> re a' broad pointed leaves, nicked in;the middle with fome white thredsalfo : after which commeth the fruite be¬ ing round and halfe flat,of a brownilb greene colour being ripe,bearing a crowne as it were on the toppe which were the five greene leaves, as a huske wherein the flower flood before, which crowne of leaves beme’rutbed off or falne away, the head of the fruite is feene to be fomewhat holiow.the fruite is very harfh before it be mel¬ lowed as is laid of the Services before,ind hath ufually five hard kernells within it. 2. Mcsjilus vulgaris five minor. The ordinary or fmall Medlar The ordinary Medlar diftereth in nothing from the former, but that it hath fome thotr.es on it, in fcverall pla¬ ces,which the other hath not, and that the fruite is fmall and not altogether fo pleafant. 3- Afejpilur minor folio ferrato. The common Italian Medlar.. This alfodiftereth in nothing from the laft that hath thornes, but that the leaves are dented about theedees when as the other is not. 5 5 4 Afcifilus fr»Bu albo magno, The great white Medlar. This differcth not from the fit ft fort but in the fruite, which wilfbe as great as it, and more white then it beine ripe on the tree, and will notbe fobrowne when it is mellowed, the kernels alfo within chem are notfo ftronl or hard. s l.CWelpilmAroniafive Neapolitan*. The Medlar of Naples. The Medlar of Naples nfeth to be a reafonable great and faire fpread tree,bearing broad leaves, cut in or divi¬ ded on thefides into fcverall parts,but not to the middle ribbe lomcwhat refembling the Hawthorne leaves, with thornes let fomctiines on the branches and fometimes without, the flowers grow in tufts like unto the Service trej tree,ofa grecnifh colour, which turne into fruite, many clu* firing together and hanging downe, fmaller then the {mailed Medlar, and with a letter crowne oflcaves, and hollownette at the toppe then it, reddifh or yellowifh when they are ripe having only three ftones or kernells within it,and more fweet and pleafant alfo. The Place and Time. Three of thefe forts grow with us here in our Land, the twofirft in many places, and the laft with fome few lovers of rarities, the other two have not as yet bcene feene here: they flower in May for the moll part, and beareripe fruite in Sc ft ember and Otilobcr. The Nantes. It is called in GJreekc i*tmM and iAojiaQ- in Latine Mefpilus and the fruite piamMv Mefpilttm. The fir ft fort may bee the Me (film Setanica of Tbeopbrajhu and P bitty t and taken by ma¬ ny to be the Mejpilut altera of r Diofcor'utes i which he faith fome called SpimelU^ Tragw although he call it Meppilus yet taketh it to be Cratagw of Theophrafttu, which it cannot ee, for that Theopbraftus faith Cratsgus hath the leafe of Mefpi- Im Anthedon , which hath a divided leafe, for hee deferibeth no-other Mefpilw y and is the fame with Diofcorides his Me- fpilw Aroma , as you fhall ptcfently hcare: it is alfo that which Lobel calleth e Domcflica i Cordu* fativa , and Camerarius in horto Setania majoribut vulgari fmffibus, Tragus Mefpilm frtiEbz preefantiore^ndDodonaws Mefpilus Oxjacantho in fit a, or as Lugduttenfis faith, infitione mitior fatta, The fecond is termed (ylveftris by Bauhinus i as well as Lanrino folio , and Germanica being the more ordinary both with them and us. The third is fet out by Matthiolus and Lugdunenfis, but their figures do notexprefle the leaves to be dented as they fhould be. The fourth is fpoken of by Scaliger and Lugdunenfu, The laft is the Mefpilm, called Aronia of ‘Diofcorides, the Mefpi - lus Anthedon of Theophroflus and Pliny t and is the firft Mefpi- Im of Matrhtolus, and generally called (JHefpilus ^Aronia with all other Writers, onely RveUius, and Cjefner inhortii _ calleth it Valium* Aficana , and Cordus Mefpilus tricoccos , and may peradventurebethe Mefpilus Gallica of Cameraritts in horto. The Arabians call it Zarar or Zarnr, and A four nr, the Italians Mefpoli (but they call the laft which wg call of Naples Azarolo, derived as it is likely from the Arabians Zamr ) the French T^Mier, Mefplier,zndMc~ flier, and the fruite Nefie and Mefple, the germans Nefpelbaum, , and the fruite Nefpel, the Spaniards N*fperasi\hz Dutch Mcfpelboom , and we in Englijb, the Medlar tree and fruite. The Vermes. Medlars have the like properties that Services have, but are more effeSuall in operation to binde and (lay any fluxes ofblood or humours in man or woman, the leaves alfo have the fame quality, but befides ;here cffefls the mellowed fruite isotten ferved among other lorts of fruite to the table, and citen with t lealurefcy thole that have noneedeof ph) (!cke,but worketk in women with childe, both to pleafe the taftc as in others, ami to (lay their longings after unufuall mcates.fkc. as alfo very eft'eftuall for them that ate apt to mifearry, and before their time' to bedelivercd,tohelpethat malady,and make them Joyfullmothersithat of Napier is the more delicate,& is alfd accounted the more cfteftuall for the faid purpofes: the decoftionof them is good to gargle and wafh the mouth aid throate, and teeth, wheuthere isany dtfluxion of blood to Hay it, and of humours , 3 which caufeth painesand dwellings, to binde thufe dcftillations and eafe the paines: the fame alio is a good bath for women t o fit in or o- ver, that have their courfes come downe too abundantly, or for the piles when they bleedctoo much: the fame alfo lervech well both to drinkc and to bathe the (lomacke warme, that is given to calling,to loath or not to hold and containe their meate and digeit it, but if a pultis or plaifter be made with dryed Medlars, beaten and mixed with the jnyceof RedRofcs, whetcunto a few Cloves and Nutmegt may be added, and a little red Corail alio, and applyed to the (lomacke it will wotke the more effeflually : the dryed leaves in pouther (Irawed on bleeding or frefh wounds,reflrtineth the blood, and healeth up the wound quickely : both leaves and fruite are offineu- lar good uie to binde, and to llrengthen whatfoever hath need of thofe qualities. The Medlar ilones made into pouther and drunke in wine wherein lotne Parflyerootes have [yen infufcd all night,or a little boyled doe breaks the (lone in the kidnics helping to cxpell them. j, *W' •' v ijm. # •||gp fiMSil m Chap. XXV. Chamime/pilui & Sfimelis, Dwarfc Medlars and other fuch like fmall fruite*? 3Here are fome other fmall frnites to be fpoken of.that are fitted to be referred to Medlars and Services, though refembled to Quinces and Apples,by their Authours, and becaufe they were not to be put in- ftlves ° rm ” Ch * pKrs * 1 thon S h ?» entreats of them nsxt unto them,in a Chapter peculiar to them- p . ! ! ilia; M 2 4 I, Chamtmefpilui. The dwarfe Medlar. r. Chaviawifp'lM' The dwarfe Medlar. This dwarfe Medlar which Gefmr to called for lome Ukencfle it had in the fruite, with the ordinary Medlar although but a little, is a (mall wooddy ftirub, covered with a reddifli afli colomed baikc, having imall leaves’ growing thereon, every one by it felte.lomewhat like unto Baffin faith Cj'fner, bjt gray or hoary underneath the bloffomes are {mail andgreemfli, (landing either fingly or by couples on (lender footeftalkes. alter which tol’low imall rcddilh round berries, with a (mall crowne of leaves at the head like unto the Medlar, without any lappe O' juyee therein, or very little, and having two or three (mall (cedes like grape kernells within each : the leaves fall every ycare, and the roote iiveth (hooting up lome twiggy italkes. 2* Epimcln Gataii, Theluiallbaltard Medlar. This differeth from the former in that it i ifeth with longer demines or Halites, whole leaves are preene above and gray underneath, iomewhat like unto the former, but fa fomewhat larger,'he flowers hereof come forth upon a pretty long (ootellalkeone above another, very like unto the blol- follies of Arbutut the Strawberry tree, that is, like a little round bottle with (mail brimmes and not as the Medlar, laid open into live leaves, which flowers aic of a pale blufh colour, and rurne into (mall berries,of a ycllovvifli red colour, with a little head or crolvne like the other, but Idler, notlo bigge as Hawthorne berries, but as dry and fapleffe, withthrec or foure hard white feedes within them, oi a little dry but no great harfh talle: the leaves hereof hkewile fall away in Au- tumne,and rife againe in the Spring. 3 , Cctonaflcr Gefne ri, Gefner Iiis baltard low Quince. This little (hrub,(G>/W (heweth todifter from his dwarfe Medlar, lead any (hould fuppofe them to be both one,,) hath larger and longer lea ves, a little dented about the edges, yet hoary white, as the Quince tree leaves are, and hath berries not foround nor lored ai it, buttending fomewhat to yel¬ low, with fourethice (opure (cedes in each berry. The Place and Time . Both the former and the later, grow in (tindry places of Germany, and of hanceMo, and fo doth the other alio, and their berries ripen in i. Ef ir-dis GalenK Siiull baft ai d Medlar, 3. Cotonafler Gefneri. Gefmr In, baltard lew Qjince. 1 R I BE '/he '1 heater of Plants. Ch/u\26. The Names. It pleafeth Gefrer to name the firft Ckamxmefpilum, whom alrnoft all finte have followed, and called Coin like manner, onely Lugdanenfis callcthit Epimelte, and maketh icthe Mejpi.'m of 'Diojconde,- whiih he laithfotne called Epimilu, and tome */«/«w»,when as himfclfe faith in his Chapter of Medlars, that Diojconde, his Me!pi. 's our common Medlar.whofefruite as well as tree is farregteater then of this. The lecond is the Epimeluof Galen, whereof he maketh mention lib. 6 .fimpl. medic. and diffeieth from the Medlar lo cailed, whereof he fpeaketh in another plate; for he faith chat the fruite hereof is fowre, andhurtfull to tbeltomacke, and that the Country people of Italy dtdcallitfWs, (which is probable they didfo, becauiethe bloilbmes are very like thofc of the Arbutu, which is alfo called Vnedo) Lngdmenfia calleth it Epimeh, alter*, but is not C/rf- m his third Vit„ Idea, as he thmketb, whith hath blacke berries, but this hath red as he deferibeth it, and theie- tore therein wa, deceived, yet thinketh it to be the Cotomjler of £«/*«-,which C/ttfim contradiffeth The third is indeede the C«»w/?»r of gefner, which Clttfim alfo mentioneth in his hiflory of plants, with his Ckmuemefti- f nd F,tu r U£a - Bmbtmts maketh a doubc whether it be not the Agriomelet, of TSehnim Bauhmm feemeth to make two feyerall plants thereof, as may be feene in his Pinax. Thele plants hive gotten fundry Germane names amongtht ‘.AIM inhabitants and others, as by thele divers names in Larine deiivtd, for the Germane may be ea- ltly underltood, and becaule we wanted names to call them by, I have given it them as r.eere a, I can either from the Latine or their proper effects,arid thus much may fuffice untill we further be informed of them. ' The VertHes , There can be little faid of any of thefe plants, feeing fo little hath beenefaid by thofemoderne Authours that hrit wrote of them; for fome of them being dry berries, are wholly neglecTed, and the other that have tome better relhfh or fweetetalle, are onely eaten by the Mountainers and their children, and not applycdas tnedict- naole ror any grtefc. J Chap. XXVI. Acer. The Maple tree. ?Hete arc onely foure forts of Maple trees knowne to us.that I am to (hew you, but Bauhinm doth cK- fltinguifh them into foure thus, Spheodamnm i s that Maple that is white and full of veines, Zitiaa J yellow and crtfpt, Climtrechm rs yellow and not crifpt, GUnm is white with few veines, bile wes mult give them you by other termes. 1 • Ac " ma i M Dtifotium Sycomsrue diblam. The great broad leafed Maple or Sicomore tree The great Maple (which hath beene with many falfely called the Sycomore creejgrowecb quickly to be a tjreac i. yAcer maiiuiatifolium Svcomorut {alfo di&unt. , a --- __ i. yAcer ma/ui iattfolium Sycomorm jalfo diflum. The great broad leafed Maple or Sycomore tree* | 1 | : Vil'k. »■», a),;']- < i m. fiili ksp r «i«; i:m i k'r'it'jri i! 1^111 In: 11 111 ’iOii i> 5 - Acer minut O 4 raontanum. Our common wood M»ple and the mounuine kinds ; I426 ChAP.26. T beatrmt Bctaracum, T K 1B E l6. 4 . Mer Creticam tri/clium. The thiec leaded toaple tree. and a tall tree,tpreading many tairc branches,which make',a t 'goodly (badow, covered with a reasonable Smooth barke, having many very faire large leaves thereon, fetupon reddifh fooceftalkcs, cut Somewhat deepcly into five Somewhat long parts or divifions, all dented about the edges, grecne above and grayifh underneath, the flowers are of a whitith yellow greene colour, (landing on a long ftalke, with Some few chreds within them,each flower yeelding two winged hmkes, parted at the ftalke, which are thinne skinnes at the ends, and bunched our, where the Sccde lyeth within, and are very like unto the common or wood Maple,but much larger,and many more (landing together *• the wood is whitilh and Smooth, but not So white, Smooth,and dole,as the wood kindc is, 2. Acer minw five vulgarc. Our common or wood Maple tree. The common Maple tree groweeh lower & flower then the former,Somtimes in hedges,no higher then thole other hedge bufhes,or els much highe rcovered with a more rug¬ ged barke,(prtading neither So far nor luchgreat blanches, the leaves are much Smaller, thinner and not So deepely cut in, hut yet divided into five parts* and Somewhat broad, at the letting on of the (hike, of a deepe and (Li¬ ning g een colour on the upperfide,and paler underneath: the flowers and (cede are ve>y like the former, but (ewer Set on the (bikes,and leffer alio in bulke or bignefle; the wood hereof is very white, very lmooth, and very cloSe grained. 5. Acer montanum, Themountaine Maple tree. This Map'e difflreth little from the laft, that groweth well and great, differing chiefely in tie kale which is not flat next unto the ftalke,and is Somewhat deepelier cut in¬ to more duvifions. 4.. Acer Creticum trifolium. The three leafed Maple of Candy. This Maple groweth to be a tree of a meane fife, fprea* ding branches reafonable well, the barke whereof is of, drrke reddifli colour, having broad greene leaves full of veines,divided into three parts, handing equally diltant one from another,with a long (lender footelialkc un¬ der them, the flowers Hand onely a couple cegether on the ftalke, as the feede that followeth doth alfo winged Somewhat like the laft but Smaller. * b T be F lace andTime , The firfl is no where found wilde or naturall in our Land that I can Iearne, but onely planted in Orchards or walkes for the fhadowes fake, but groweth in fundry places in Germany, efc.The fecond and third are found both on high and lo„ grounds, in Woods, and Groves. Parkes, Chafes, and the like through mod Countries of this Kingdom:,the one in the moiftcr grounds, where the wood will be loofer,and the other in the dryer grounds fir¬ mer and cloler; but the laft is alio a (tranger to us growing about MomfcUer and Candy, they all flower about the middle of April/ 1 and the Iced is ripe in the end of September. The 'Names. it is ca'lef in G ecke -» ■G- Spknd,mn m , in iat/ne Acer. The fiifl is that which Clufm calleth latif.liam, hccaufc i; h .th the grtattft and broadtft leaves of any, and therefore Tragm calleth it PUtanm, thinking asdr- v-.rs did, h it ic was the true J'tatanw, and therefore the French did call it Time, before the true one was difeo- vered and knowne. Raclhw and after him many others called it Syc«mrut the Syco,note tree, which in divers Countries doth dill continue, and with usalfe being called ulually the Sycomore tree : but by this name of Syce. the Sycomorettce. divers Writers have railed divers trees, asfirftthe true Sycomore or Mulberry Figge, called ofdivers FtcutPbaraonts Ftca, rAlgypna, Moras ^£gyp„a, and FicaiCypria. Ma„b,o!«, and others fay tint the Ital.ans call the Atadtrach by the name of Sycomoras . And Petra, Crefccntias, calleth the Ftroafanoainea by the name of S ycomorw. And laltly RaeUm, and others fay that this Acer latifolium, is called Sjtmorts ve! C/: f“ faith that the recall the1 leffer or wood fort fb. The fecond is that which is molt frequent in our Land, and called Acertenutfolia, by Cord,,, m b.fior. Acer minor by Dtdmcvc, Clufm, and Camerarius Opto by the Romanes,Opalas by Gefnerin bones, and Cerdas, and Of ulus campejlri, by Lacdanenfis, who alfo taketht to be Carp,me, but not rightly.The third is the Acerb altera fpecies, yaa forte Zyoia TbcophrJfli of Lot,el, by Bed,. Acermo»tatiHm,flavttm & cnfpum, and A/phendamnos by the Country men of Candy, by Lueduncnfis Opa. las montanu , and can be no other then the Zjgia of Tbcophrafias,which Gaza calleth Carpinsts, which differeth muen from the 0/7/,which fome as is before (aid call Carpimts. And the laft his Glinon, which hce rendereth Gall, cam The Italian, a\Ut Piedoca,t n d Platans acyaaticp, the French Enable, .the Germane, UMafs holder the common fort, and Aborne the greateft, the Dutch Laytenboat, and we in Englifb Maple, and feme, but as falfly as the French or any other,the Plane tree, * r * 7 ^ . The Vertues t , Neither nor G«/C», in his cenfure of fimplcs.make any mention of this tree, yet lib. I.mei. pan. ' 7 f dlCmCS for th u e ^.written by Afclep.as, he appointeth adramme of the roote to be beaten to poutner, and given in water,but £»«*•;» doubteth rhat the word is miftaken, becaufe none of the Greeke Wri- ded anv'oftbrC Ji° r tbt “ U bv “ uftd in ^ difeale ’ And none but Pliny hath recor- d , cd r n 7 f ch ^ MapleSjbuc faith that the roote of the Maple being bruifed,is applyed with very great effeift unto (Swing • ° baruaions ’ or oth " P**>« ** Splecne,which Serena, delivemh in thefe Ver- Tr I B K 16, The Theater of Tkntu Si Utus immeritum morbo tehtatur acuto , Accenfum tinges Upidem fridentibus undu i Hi»cbibis : ant Aceritradicem tundij^gr una Cum vino capisjnoc prfi(,Pf*udocham£bHxus as I doe. Thalius calleth that final! plant Myrtus tenutfolius , that Cordus callcih in Ok* fervationumJylva , Fruticulus exiguusfolijs myrtints , which is this very plant. Box is called Bojfo by the Italian^ and Box by the Spaniards,Boys by the French , Buxbaum by the Germar.es , and Palmbbom by the Dutch f The Vcrtues , The leaves of Box are hoc and dry,and aftringent withalfas the tafte dectareth, and therefore alfuredly doth dry* and binde, yet is it not much ufed in Phyficke by any now adayes that I know, although many doc trumpet out the praife of it to be good for fluxes,and the French difcafc,as much as Guajacum. Fernclius onely doth number the leaves hereof among thofe things that doe purge, but the pra&ife thereof is v/orne out of ufe, yet I rfcmeid« her that Dodor Smith , that was one of Quecnc Elizabeths Phyfitions, appointed the dccodion of an ounce of the leaves of Boxe for a purging medicine, to be boy led in whey, andadramme of the pouther in broth. But: cJMatthiolus contefteth againft fuch astookeit,andthef7« 3 * or as fomereadeit ^r^o(ThecfWaji M , which hee putteth a- mong thole trees that beare fpikes, as Speire,.Erica, Aenm andfome others \ib.i, 0.13. and wi,hall Clufttu faith that this doth more fitly agree to his Spire*, then the Viburnum Afutthioli.t sfome would have it. The Virtues. There are no property mentioned of this plant, whereun- to it might be ferviceable in Phyfick or other wife,and there¬ fore let this fuffice. afiet^^^”^*chV^(f^l°^*''i'^ at ^ e '"'^^^' r ^' rS ^ ranC ^ esC0ver ^^ with ® either into five or feven parts oHeavesf each^rf^em^belng lon^ eSVCS X ° f d J v ’ dcd unto Hempe leaves, and narrow like Willow leaves but ftnaller, and not dented at all of flow« e ^ ci:ac , thc ends °f the branches come forth long fpikes » S n ^ “ nC ° LjV nder r P ikcs > ft°red with blufh i »a round (red lP aces U P t0 the t 0 PP es > after which come wh«J,mn d d L ofthc ,^| neflea nd likenefle almoll of pepper, HandXd '^ e h a vecaled,t/>^^/ ej but neererunto o. hotandftro„t Utl “ fa falacklfll gr ^ colou r, and tailing fomcWhat 2. Vitex folio More, The broader leafed Chafle tree ,jT°Z :h loW ! r and lcfe ‘hen the former, having the like have divided «,t. but each fomewhat broader,and dented about . iP teafte°rX/ teand W00Uy f 0 ‘ he » ^ey, the flowers grow r«'£S^S&'l£r il, ‘ p " p!p . The Placed Tim-, I ncie grow in the further part of Pranrr in 7> . c hiafy by waterfides and the m lifter ZZl thefc Tl/c”'*' tries due onely nnrfe them up in Gardens for ttir r X' pi^wa.;flo^^l;: ipein ^ The Names. II IS called in Greeke^©- chat is,<"*/?«, auodcflitntem confer wt j' rx r efiur ' nat h ‘ plori^d .id u b rhef‘l’” 311 ^ t Athe ” im 'natrons, in their Thefmt- ^rw,didu.ethefe leavesaafteeies to lyeupon, thereby to ore- fervetheir chafbty, the Phyfitians and Apothecaries joym'ne both islikew^d a “ o ^A^ZaZt^t " tY -' 1 ' which he faith is like the PoaUr fiTw^wLh h "° UltC,yCt thcflawer >" like ^ white oplar fiower.which how it may agree there with I cannot fee.for G ggggg nr.,;,.1| HEIN ii#f| f f,.Jr,'. 'll 1 $ ' lilii W"- 1 1 El i> ii •;« ! I t‘H;u ; i flffi !'; l ‘i |>ij! '' Ml! 1458 Chaf. 35 ‘ Tbeatnw 'Botamcum. T RIB E l6. this bearethfruite in a plentiful! manner inche naturall places. Some:alfo would make it tobe the Salix Ame- as I faid in the former Chapter, becaule Coxa tranfiateth «y>& m Theephraflm unto . Amenna m Latme, Ub t c y and 22 .anda 3 . from whence f prang that errour. Some *bu£M*~nfi faith/^,33, weuldmore mHv make the?-* of Theophraflu, tobe thisi>v& Vi,ex, becaule of the different colours in the flowers of both, hr, sKIrewed in the Chapter before, Tb'opbnjhu pvnh white and blacke berries, aswell as flowers, to his but da w - P, ii ct h5, fsra -ir a kinde of Wine.fo that it can no way agree thereuntotill Authours call both thefe forts PitM or ^ Arabians cafto,tbe SpnJrd, GanUo caflo, the French Agnus caftue ,the German Schajfs rnuUcm, and Kenfch. Ump,zrA we in Englijh Chalte tree, f The J'frtttes. The leaves and (cede of the Chaffe tree as Galen faith, is hot and dry in the third degree, and of a very thinne effence or fubflance, foirpe alfo and binding,for to it declareth it telfc to them that ufe it yea the feede is percei¬ ved paincly to be fd hot that it procureth headache, yet being parched or fryed it will the leffe trouble the head, befides it diffolveth the wir.de in the Aomacke or belly bring trefh, but being fryed or parched much more: it reftrainech lfo the mitigations to Venery in any manner tifed and taken : thus farre unto whom P«« tm and Jr, I f doe content affixing the fame things. The leede bang drunke refifieth the bmngs of vtnemou. bea Is, Spiders or the like, and hepeth the droplie.and thole that are troubled with the ipleene, it alio procureth milke in womens breafts, it procureth their courfcs, and the ur.ne flopped, if a dramme thereof ,n pouther be taken m Wme or with Pennyroyallr it troubleth the head and caulech fleepe : thcdccod.on of the herbe andI feedesis very good for women troubled with thepainee of the motheror inflammations of the parts: the hot fume, thereof taken undcrneath.is no leffe ef&Aaall: applyed to the head tt eafeth the pames thereof, and with oyle and vinegar,the Lethargv.ar.d F tenfie: the fame alio made into a pulcis with Vine leaves and applyed to the cods that fiVfwolne andgrowne hard,doth helpe them: ins laid to helpe an ague, being taken before thefit.andbe- ng annointed therewith made up with oyle to provoke fwcate : the lame alfo ufcd to the l.mmes taketh away vearineffe upon travaile or labour: the leaves are almoll as effeflualUs the feede for all the purpofes aforefaid, and are good for wounds alfo: the feede ufcd with Barley meate doth moll.fie hard fwelhngs, and brake Itn- pofltttnes: and with niter and vinegar it helpeth freckles of the face j uied with honey it helpeth the fores m the mouth and throate. Ga’en although fo famous a writer and Pbyfitton contraryeth himfelfe in th.s one plant,once ortvvif, for having affirmed before that the leede hereof tshot and dry hh. I. Ahmentornm he faith, having fpoken of the properties of H etnpe feede, that tie feede of V.tex doth reflrame Vcncreous defires,and giveth ltt- t c nourifliment to the body, and that bccaufe it 1 cooling and drying. In another place he laith (lpeamng of Ar. chitrencs medicines for the headache,' among other things, that of the leaves of the Bay tree, he Poplar and the Vitexax Chafle tree with vinegar and oyle, he made a medicine of differing propemes. for the: Bay tree leaves are verv ho'.and thofe of the Chafle tree moderately cold, ana in the meant berweene both are the Poplar leaves: in both which places you fee he maketh this Chafle tree to be cold when before lie had p iced itjnct among thofe hat were temperate, but in the third degree of heate yet fome of good W tt to free Galen from this lair errour, would invert the Text and fay that the Bay leaves are the hotted,the Poplar the coldefl,and the Chafle tree leaves a Lccane betweene them both. Cma.'. XXXV. OUa, The Ollivc tree. He Oilive is difUnguifried into the tame or manured Ollive, and into the wild fort: for although the old Writers,as Tliny. C ol,imelia > and others let downe ten forts, which they called by ie- verall names, which whether it were in thefe a* in the diverfities of Vines, wee know not our climate not fitting their growing, or according to Wines, which according to the feveraJl cli¬ mates and ioyles, gave fweeter orharfher, weaker or ftronger Wine, one then another, and lo -nn greater or letter Oilives, and tweeter or ftronget oyle one then another : for divers doe account themtobc differing in ftecie, one from another, as our Apples,Pcares,and Cherries doe. 1 . Oleafativ*. The manuied Olive tree. The manured Ollive tree rifeth in fome place to be very tall, and very grear, like a great Wallnut tree,in others not ofhalfe that height and greatneffe, with divers armes and branches not vc-y ihickely let ^ cre °" crow fomewhat long and narrow leaves like the Willowes but leffer.and (hotter, thre e, fat, and foar^e poin¬ ted with Chore footdfclkc' under them, greemflv above and whitiflt underneath,never falling oft thetree.ot a bit¬ ter tafle and lomewhat fharpe withall: the bloffomes are many fet together at the jovntswith 1ihcleav es^ fmall and of a greenifh white colour,made of foure leaves a peece, after which come round and fomewhat l°"g lcr ries.greene at the firft.and changing pale afterwards,and then purplifh, and laftly, when they are full_«P .0 deepe blacke,and iome white when they arc ripe, as Ctnfi.ee laith he ob.erved: tome are great «hw.« e fmall, and tome of a means fife betweene both, fome are longer, and lome rounder then others, tome ate fitter to e, and yeeld not much oyle,others are not to fit to cate, and arc fmaller.y eeluing more Acre c.f oyle, leme aga ne e gathered unripe and pickled up in brine,(which are the Olltves we ule to eatc with meate) others ate In flit_d to grow ripe, and then pickled or dryed.and kept all the yeare, to be eaten as every oneldhOf thofe Olltves where¬ of oyle is made, lome ovle will be delicate fweeteand neatc, others more fatty or full and flrong,tome upon t e tafle will leave no bittemeffe or heate in the month, but will tafle as (weete as but er, others againe '' / t or leffe hot and unpleafant in tafle, the wood is faire, firmc.and folid lull of curld veines,and as apt to burne Whe ic is greenc as dry,and will not rot in a long time. a. Oleaftcrfivc Olea fjfoeftru. The wild llive tree. . This wildc Ollive tree groweth lomewhat like unto the manured, but that it hath harder a ma ei eas s, and thicker fee on the branches, with limdry fliarpe thornes among the leaves ; theblofiomesan rul v Tlx! BE l6. The Theater ofTlantu Chap,35. 14 39 1. Olea futiva. The manured Ollive tree. 2. Olea fylxiflris. The wild Ollive tree. forth in the fame manner that the other doe, and in as great plenty, yet much letter, and fcarfe comminn at any¬ time to ripeneffe even in the namrail places, but where they doe being ripe, they are final! with crooked^ointes and blacke: Of the Ollives hereof is fometimes made oyle, which is colder and more attringent inproperty then the other and hariher in tafte, and greeniih in colour, but the Ollives are much alfo refpefted and gathered to be The Place and Time. Both thefe grow in the warmer Countries onely, neither will they beare fruite in any cold climate, or rather fcarfe litre out their Winters: the manured as 1 faid before is wholly planted wherefoever it groweth, where according to the (oyle and climate come greater or letter Ollives, and more or leffeftore, (weeter oyle alfo or moreftrong in tafte. Many doe thinkc laith Columella, that the Ollivc tree will not grow, or at the lead not be*are fraite if it doe grow, above three fcore miles from the Sea. for from the Ides in the Meditetrencan Sea, as Zante and Congo,&c.is brought the fined and lwedteft oyle,and from Majorca, err. a fuller or fatter oyle ; from Pro. nine m Prance a ftronger and hotter tailed oyle, then either of them or fome others: the wilde Ollivc groweth naturally in Spaine,Portugall,Italy, and many other Countries. They flower in lane and Inly, and have not their fruite ripe unrill November, or ^December, and as Clttjitu \x\Griimdo not untill February, the wilde inlamiarj and after. Virgil fhewc-thin thefe Verfes that the Ollive being planted needeth no further drefling. Non nil a eft Olivis cultur. Cj h T4-. ! oieufin t C c::. TIic baflard or Cu sett wiloe Olln other p aces with us alfo : and fiowreth in the begin* ningof Summer in the warmer Countries, but very late with as the fruireripencth in Autumnc in Spline, &c. but feldome with'us, yet CMartbiolus faith, hee law fruiteon the tree that grew in the Empsrours Orchard in Vienna, The Names. This tree is diverfly taken by divers learned Wri- ters, for ATatthiolui calleth it OleaBohemica, and ca- kethittobe Eleagnm of Tljeopbraflw, bccaule the name being deduced from Olca and Agnus, theOllive and the Chalte tree, as hke unto them both, this ha¬ ving leaves and branches like the Chafte tree, and ber¬ ries like the Ollives : but that it cannot be Eleag-nw, let me fhevv you that this is a great tree. Thcophra - fins faith it is fi'tsticofa planta, a fhnubby plant, and a- gainc, he (aith the flower of the white Poplar u hich all know, doth grow in fpiked heads not icattetingly on the branches,and laftly he faith,it beareth no fruit, and this is plentifull in any of thofe places,where The - opbrafius chiefly gathered his knowledge of this and other Plants, and therefore as Thcopbrafiw faith, be¬ ing fo like unto the kindes of Willowes, it is moft probable to a kind.c of Willow, which are though: to beare no leede or fruite, and therefore Amatus Ltifita- nus would make it to be Sahx Amerina, without any good ground or reafon. ‘Bellonius 3 C!?*jiui i and Came- ycirim call ir Zizipbus alba CohmelU , whereunto it is very like: Gefner alfo in hortis focaliinc it, and Ole - *fin fpecies cjuibufdam alfo : Bellonius, c Dodon£W % and Lttgduncnfis, take it to be the Ziziphut Cappadocica Plinij. which it is very probable to be alfo, Lobel cal¬ leth it OleafylvcPlris Septentrionalium^nd zsElcacnitt alfo,and fome like wile Olea Germanica ,butin my opi¬ nion Lobel and Bauhimis ,and thofe in Gefiners time do come neereft unto the name, whereby it may be mod truely called Oleafiylvcfirjs or Oleaficr t which Ihave follo wed and added Cappadocicw, becaufethac inleafe ic doth m ire ncerely ref mble the Cliive tree then the Istjuhe, and that it is more naturall to be of Cappadocia then Bohemia, or any of thefe Northerly Regions: fome alfo call it c sTrbor Paradifiea , and (otneThuU odorata , and fome take it to be the Barb.i lovU of Pliny lib o c Q Rauwo/fius faith it is called in Syria Seifefan . J ' * * The Vertues. We have no efpcciall Phyficall property slotted unto this tree,or the fruite, but that as tchn'w and Cluliat have recorded, the fruite is eaten by the people where they grow, with delighr and pleafure, and without a-v ° U on qt,a , llty ' The flowers as Lugimenfis flicwetlnmight he employed to perfume gloves, or Garments or to be diddled into a iweete water as well as the flowers o( C*Uf which BcUtuu»fu tooke co be this wee 'and’aro tiled in the manner atorefaid. ’ * c Chap. XXXVII. Oenopliafimiifi, & friKofa Jive Naplesfive Zizipkiu aU>a. The white Injuhe tree, with thornes and without. N regard that^ this tree doth fopeere refentble tlieother hijuke tree, mentioned here before in this Worke I might have joyned them together, but that I could not alfnre it yon to be of the lame pro- perty,Ihave therefore referved it for this place, as partly partaking with the OUiveas the Juiuhe tree, and is or two forts, the one bearing thornes, and the other none, in all other things fo like fr u r 'fl atonei | c ^ crl P t,on may fervethem both. Itgrowcthtohea tree as great as amCane fifed Peare- tree.whofe body and branches are covered with a whitifh afh-coloUrcd batke, full of (mall (hort and (harp prickes or thornes, two let ar each leafe not farre in funder, in the one fort, and without any in the other: the leaves are lomewhat broad and (hort, very like to the leaves of the other Injube tree but greater, round nointed for the thoft part, witn three ribbes in each,running all the length, of a darke ihining greene colour on the upper fade, and fomewhat tending to an alh-colour underneath, (landing finely at the branches, one on this fid-and an°thc r on that up to the toppe; at the/oynts with the leaves come forth divers fmall greeniih white flowers "^.'‘'^■.“flomcsoftheOllivcormjubttree forthelorine, each (landing on its ovvne fmall foottdalke after Which being falne come many finall round fruite, as bigge as a great Cherry, yetfometimesas great as a Wall- nut.tn . me w ™ , ,ln others more yellow, and reddifh on the one fide like an Arple,ofa very iive*te rafle with a done in the middle thereof,like an Ollive done,but round and not long, J ’ W “ h The Place zn&Tithe, Thefe grow in SjrU.Egift, A-ntia, and the parts ncere unto them,where they hold their greene leaves all the G S2 ' Winters Tbeatmm Botantcum, 1442 Chap^S, 1 r 1 b t \i Winter without falling, buti nCandj, andothcrthe hether parts, they have becne obferved to fall off, as other trees doe : they beare in the warmer Countries twifeayeare, yet the former fruice that commethin the Spring of the yeare, feldome commeth to matu¬ rity, becaufe the moiftare of the time fpoyleth them, that they doe not ripen kindly, but in the Autumne the fruite is ripe and delicate. Tbe Name t. That fort which is without thornes is deferibed by tsflpiniH in his Booke of Egiptian plants, who calleth it Nabca Pa! turns Athen and faith that Agatbocles y in the third Booke of his Hiftory, deferibeth it by the name of ConnurWy as thofe of Alexandria called ir, and by Henoriw Bellas that fen: the fruite to Clufim , as it is feedownein hisfifh Epiftle to him called OenoplU Cplnofa, That without thorne is fet forth by Clxfins, in his Hiflory of plants; as he received ic alfo from Honoriw Bellas qP Candy t who calleth it Oenopliafeu Napeca Bellordj Com nr ha Alex andriuorum forte Athe - : Serapio comprehended them both tinder die name of Sadar or Sudor, but as his manner is in other things, he confounded it with Lotus oP Diofco- ridey, from which it much eifferetb, ic is called in Sy¬ ria and Egipt.Ncp and Nap, and as GuiUndiniM faith, put by many among the forts of Jujubes. But Pliny feemeth to call ic frunua tAEgjptiaca, an Egiptutn Pluaimc, Tbe Vert ties. The fruite of both thefe before they are ripe, are cold and dry in the firft degree,and binding, but when they are ripe they have feme moiflure in them, and are much ufed to (lengthen the loofeneffe of the ft 0 - mackeandbeity, by the/uyee of them bein® taken at the mouth or given in a glider: the dryed fruit infufed in water, and the infufion taken, is profitable aeainft the flippcrineiTe and ulcers of the bowels, tbe decofti- Nupccj Nabca aui Oenoplia fpino/a. The white lujube rrtc vvit h c homes. on or infufion of the ripe fruite, being dryed i, of great ufeagainft penilenti.il feavers, (or the finite is held to have a wonder full property aga.nft venomous qualities,and to refill pucrefaftion, and miehtily to ftreng hen t e and violence thereof. firft conduits of the veines: as alfo in all putride fcavers.an infufion of them is familiarly taken to code the heat: the Chap. XXXVIII. AwcLrack Avicrmx, The Bead tree. dcfcnption is on this manner. It groweth to be htfh andvadeTpaVd^ and makfn^lmod fhadow in the warme Countries wh:rc it btfinrnfn^r^rh r ^, ana ma mg a good red witharusgedbarke and fall of chinkes hnr rh ^ i* ' Y ano S rc attr botig.-es aie cov I ike unto thole of the Figgc : the leaves arekverv^a^IvV^^^H^'^ir^ 1 ^ 00 ^ 1 ^ orritw ^ ftalkes/omewhat like unto Aflren leaves, but larger more foread and Iff L W " ,gc . d ’ haV! ”g long foot edges, the end leafe bein" lonpeft vet in fomr nl a ‘P^ adan d ofa darkt grtene colour, dented about tl tvhereofeome forth long flakes. Wring fundryblewifii flowers laid oMVwfttffi^e f rP n ad> ^ the f °>° lp ne t tpe tint, and white when it is ripe, of a fweetiiL raftparrl^ firft ’ V - vl,eo , ^ ne foaihfome.and Uinckin" containing a fione u/irhm ir r, aftcr vcr K b| tter, unpleafan ftone, with two kernels’ within each from whence An lome * llat hke unto the finite being drilled (which will be eafily done not beinu * ^ r 'r C lWo Jprc utts orflalkcs cf greene leaves, tl Searo number their prayers on.lealt they forget themfclvesand^ and dra "’ reon fWnges/erve people beyon in Winter.fiefh arifing m the Spring. * S them ‘ cUcsand g^e G odtoo many : this loofeth all his leavs tl - , • Tbe Place and Time. ehards orOsurt “Jr'f ^ a " a " P' a " t£d whenever they grow, in O, Sr*, and heard they faW dive ™ ° f « br. e Cquentm ltal J‘ It flowrtth in /»»*, and the fruite is ripe in Srpun Ih: Tr ! B K l6 7 'be Names, This was called Ztophus Candida, by the Herba- rifts at Movjpelier as Lobel faith, and Sycomorui by /- Saltans, as Adatthioltu faith, but mifliking that title he called it Pfeudofycomorus , yet in other places of Italy it is (fill called Perlaro . Cordns, Cjcfner in bortis, and Hcllonius call it Sycomorus ltalomm , Lit^dunenfis fet- teth it downe by the name of Zi^iphus alba, gefner faith lome learned men called it Myxus alba & Lau- rus Gt£C(i pltnij. Ctt(alpintis tooke it to be 7 'ufer Can¬ dida, of Pliny, and peradventure Zizipba ColunclU, Dodontus hath it under the name of A^adaracb, and foha vzClufnts and Corner ariusfomz Ttirkcs in thefe dayes call it 7 ~he(pic } and 'l{auvr-oIfiHf faich that they of Tripoli call it Zenfelacbt, but gene; ally now adayes. With mold Aaadaracb or Afederacth, yet the French call it Arbor fanfta, becaufe as is before faewed, the fruite helperh their devotions, as the Spaniards doe, that call it Arbolparayfo. The Vertftes. The belt ufe that this ferveth for is, that the dril¬ led water thereof will kill Lice, and caufeth the hairc to grow faire and long, if it bee mixed with white Wine, and the headed wafhed therewith, the fruite is dangerous it not deadly, if it bee eaten cauling the like Symptomes that the Oleander doth, and is "to be remedyed with the fame hclpcs: Rantvolfins faith,that it will kill dogges, it it bee given them with their meacc. CiiAf 39, 1443 -^\adiraetl) he- bariorutn. I he Bead tree. The Theater of "Plants. Chap. XXXIX. Phiiljrca. Mocke Privet. 3F nc h ll: of n ct:ipcL:ir y !T;y: u r ^7lU^ dlffer, ' ,1S fr0m ° thei i[1 Che ^-dne/rc Ot narrow^ T .,„ . *• T' U J r ' aU,i f oli * M “ leau - Prickdy mocke r rivet, lenitobwkewi!h Ih.r th U h T h ,undr y ot ^ tWckeneffe of ones thumbe, covered which aWomewhatthi™ h r Jnd or M 1 Tr" 1 bj ! . C 0 U P les 3C all along the branches, but greater r thefWers^ the *“■*■ of the Scarier Oke bulh ing downe about the brand--, - nr | - r -l,T ^ i°the Reaves, the (rutte is (mail,and blackc round berries hang- ilone within them ‘ r£ llke clle terries ol Prmt, or of the Mafticke tree, but having a fmall « , ^ h ' 8her * Wb °!f bra h nches r — r ' d with a tvhitifl) barke.ha- wayes fa at a joynt.of alitdeOuirSe.2dft VT' “ the cnds and ^ lh ' twoal- former,and the berries that follcware blackc [ j lC ' Sr ° lV atthc I°y nrs wlth cbc lea 'Ts, a ’ in the done Within it. and round Iike Pc PP er or Mlr ^ terries, with a thin brittle (held This Mocke Priveteroweth'lo 'w-- J be greater Mocke Privet with IcITe dented leaves. branches as in the laid, but (omewha't morelugned^lhekav^ar^fet onth^'^h W . biti ^ barkF coverin S tflc former,bur fomewhat narrower,and but feldome d-nr-l .,, 1 * C i 011 the branches in the lame manner ss the colour,Handing thicke together about the fetrinnon „f',ui, °urthe edges the flowers arc of a whit fh gieen ter which come round berries like the laft. a caves, fomewhat like unto the Ollive bloflomcn, af- Tl ■ .. , , * ruilynamgufiifilixfrim*. The firft narrow leafed Mocke Priver With a blacked bark e* iH^hefeaves a^na^rower^and greener >« ! ma "*‘ b «.' be »«. ^ covered fomc bitrerr effe in them : the flowers are whire and o nw < Cni i? jkeunto c . ne wl ld Ollive, and not without TIP 1 ,,ji P h' l h re * m £*ftf'ti*fecu>id*. The other narrow leafed Mocke Priver T • erMOckc Privet fhooteth forth many more fuckers from the route, which areflenderer and not very • Calk 1444 Chap.39> C I heatrum Botanicnm. Tribe i 6* i. PhtfljTta latifoiia aculeata , Prickely Wockc Pr/vet. 4. VhtUyrea angufifolutprima. The firft narrow leafed Mocke Privet. $. Tb Djfolio late fcrtato>& fere non Cerrato.fy* <.ngu/?ifuuajeiundas. Toothed Mocke Priyer,and eafietobreake, norfo plentifuilorrhicke growing as the former, with leaves let one againlt another, narrower,„ ith lcflilnttdK.V^Tnd'tk Oihcrnarrorv k*f r A • longer, and ol a darker grecne colour, this was lard to ‘ narr w leafed bcare neither flower nor ("cede, which matter is difproved, and found to beare both,and like unco the lad. The Place and Time. Clvfiui obferved thefe five lorts in Spaine fPortugall, and France. They flower in che Spring,and their berries are not ripe nntill it be very late in the yeare. The Names . Divers learned men did cake the \ 1 &. Thilljra of Tke~ epbrsfim, which we have Hie wed you to be the Line tree, to be this Philljrea of >ofcor'idcs , being deceived by the vicinity of the names untill Q°rdm t who better confi- dered them,found them much to differ, as well in forme as in properties, fince whofe time all that have followed him have fo accounted of them. Label faith, he would ra¬ ther read it tpiK-hdlix or Olcdamafia.z kindeof wilde Ollive, w hereunto it is moftlike, or little differing : Thcfirft is thehrff PAiY/r^dcfcnbedby £/*/£«*, andfois my fccond his fecond Phi jrea alfo : The third is the firff philljrea of Alatthiohu and Label , and the third with and is the Philljrea of Belloniuf^nd Gefner inhortii, Dodotj£tM cal- leth it Cyprus latiorefolio , and Lugdunenfis ^Alatemw ma* jor rialech.tmpij, and of Cafalpir.Hi llatrum. and Phillyra of 7 heophraftui^Baubir.M calleth it / billyre* folio Liquftri. The fourth is the fourth Philljrcaot ClafiM, the Philljrea an- gufffolia of Label, the isflaternw minor Dslecbampiy of Lttgdunenfs , and the Cyprus c&Tfodonaw. The laft is C'/«- fius his fifth Phillyr raaifo, and both thefe laft are called by Lobel t N arbonenfis , The Vertttes. The leaves of this Mocke Privet are binding, as Diofco- titles faith, and are of the fame effeft that the wild: Ollive tree leaves are, and ufed in tkcoftions are good againft the ulcers in the mouth or to wafh the teeth, the lame alio being drunke provoketh urine and womens couries. AUtemw five Philyca Theophrajli credit a, ; Here is fo great affinity betweenc the former Mocke Privet, and this ever greene Privec, that divers 1 good Auchours call the one by the others name, asyouhavein part heard in the former Chapter,and fhall more in this,whercof there are two lorts a greater and a Idle. i. AUternw major feu prior. 1 he greater ever greene Privet. The former of thefe two fhrubs,groweth fometimes tall like a tree, wich long but not any great branches,nor yet much divided into lefler ones,and are covered with a whitifh greene bark.arid with another yeU lowilh one under it,or more inward, whereon grow fomewhit broad leaves without any order, of a meanefife betweene the Ollive,and the ever greene Oke, but thicker.and flightly dented about the edges, and of adarke greene colour, of an unpleafant talk, and bitterifh withall, the flowers are many tufting together at the fetemg to of the leaves, and are of a whitifh greene colour, there hath not bcene any fruite oblerved to follow them. 2. A Utermu minor feu alter. The lefler ever greene Privet. This other groweth lower by much, with a whitifh greene reddifh barkc mingled, the leaves arc lefler,roun¬ der, and dented about the edges, and of a paler greene colour, the flowers are greater and greener, fet together like the former, unto which luccecde (mall round berries, greene at the firft, reddilh afterwaards, and blackifli when they are ripe,having three (tones or feedes within each of them. The Place and Time . Both thefe were obferved by CIu/im in S paine and Portngalt, They flower there in their natural! place in Fe¬ bruary, and the fruite is ripe in c May, The Names, Pliny calleth this Alaternm quafi inter Oleum & llicem media , Bellomue in his firfl booke of Obfervations and 4 * Chapter faith, that there is none in mount Achos but knoweth the true name of that tree, that Pliny calleth Alatemus, to be the Philyca of Theophralhti, but thofe ofCorcyra and Candy, call it iKstiafavO- EUpriniu, It is thefirft Alatemw o [Clufiuf, and the Alaternus Pllnij of Label, Cafalpinw zsTauhintu faith, but I thinke rather it fhoilld be Lugdnnenfis, calleth it Celafirm mas Theopbrafti t znd Cafalpinus Phillyra mat Theophrafii ; Lttgdur.cnjis take;h it to be CTpharca Theophrajli,which they of Mompelier call,as laith Lobel,Bourgejpine fomc alfo call it Phi- x. Alatemw major ♦ The greater ever greene Privet. , Alaternm minor. The lefler ever greene Privet, 144 6 Chaf> 4 i> '1 beatrnm c Bctamcmn. R l 3 e j6 I ^ A!atcr m .™,™d)°. IJ$ dK T f ! t3kCd 'B lomeread Uc.c . z he faith that Cyprus l a tree that PtowXl itt J ^.wuh a white fwcete flower, and Coriander like feede, yet prelently after he faith tb «'ome j take this to be the fame, which, stalled Ligufirum in Icat,, and^.L}. c.io. hee faith plained • 15 tl,e &ne tree that Cyprus , s m the Eafl. 1 think. •> fir rX.c.. r-.n • P l ," cl ) . ti,ar t,? e ^ sme trc ^,^. at Cyprus is rde S; &c.as the workeman lift fupported at the fir ftw thim ber.poles.and the hkc but afterwards grower!, ftrong of it feife, fufficient to hold it in the forme it s made m to . itbcarethlong anduarrow darkegrecne leaves by couples,and fweetefmcliing white flow® in tuft at h L - I. LiguUrum vulgare. Our common Privet, 3 . Liyufirum Ommakfmc Cyprus Diofcoiidu e Vl,nij. The Eaftcrnc ever grecnc Priycts. ends Trjb8i6. The Theater of Plants. Chai.^i. ends of the branches, which tumc into fmall blackc berries that have a purplifh juyee within them, and (bine feedcs that are flat on the one fide with a hole or dent therein. Tragus faith that there is lome found thac he areth AUerum a yellow flower, but is very rare to finde differing in nothing clfe, which peradventure may be that other fort mvvA that Lonieezus callcth minus. ftorefub- a.. Liguftrum myrtifolium Italicum. The Italian Mircleleafed Privet, ll ' teo * This gro weth in the fame manner thac the former doth, and fpreading into branches that are round and fome- what reddifh, the leaves are both longer and broader, esmming neere unto the greateft Mircle leaves, and of a darke greene colour. 3. Liguftrum Orientate five Cyprus Diofcoridis & Plinij, The Eafterne ever greene Privet. This Eafl: Country Privet, if it be fuffered to grow at large without pruining , groweth to be as great as the Pomegarnet tree, whole body and branches are covered with a whitifli afh-coloured barke : the leaves arc lomc- what like unco thole of the former common Privet, but whiter, broader and more pointed, growing many let onbotfi fides ofaftalke below, buclingly upto the toppe at the joynts among the branches or flowers, which grow in a loofe tuft, fomewhat fparfedly, confifling of foure frnall grayifh alh-colouied leaves, of a very fharpd and quicke lent,farre beyond the Privet flowers, alter which fucceede lmall round and white heads, fomewhat like unto Coriander feede, with three or foure blackilh feedes within them: the leaves fall not of in Winter as our Privet doe,but abide on frefh all the Winter Ions,of which and the young branches being dryed and ground into pouther,i; made a great mcrchandife through all the parts of the 7 urkjjb Empire, and lome of his bordering neighbours alfo.ro give a yellow colour to their haire,hand 3 ,nailes,and bodice too, as alio for their hones.mainea andtailes, for the more pompeon feftivall d yes: ofehetootes faith Raurpolfius being burnc,the Arabians make their Spodium ,whereof Avicen fpeaketh cap,6i j. The Place and Time „ Our common Privet groweth in our owne Land.in divers woods, the next was fent from Padoa and Venice, the lad groweth in Egipt plentifully, in Tripoli alfo and Syria, in fundry places .* our Privet flown ch in Jure and /«//, the berries are ripe in Auguft and September-, the laft flowreth late evfti in the warme countries, and the feede ripeneth accordingly : the other hath not as yet beene difeerned fo exa&ly. The Names. This oiir ordinary Privet as I faid before, was ufually taken by Tragus^Cordus, RueHius, rJMatthiolus, Amd- tus Lufttantis ,and Anguilara who yet doubteth of it, to be the < Cyprus of Dio/corides, which Pliny alfo na- meth, but Fuchfius as I take it, firft doubted of it, and denyed it to be Cyprus , and denyeth alfo that it is certaine- Iy knovvne by what name: the Liguftrum of the Latincs was knowne to the Greekes, and therefore Dodoheus after Anguilara ,doe appoint Phiilyrea to be it: but Pliny in faying Liguftrum is the fame tree, that Cyprus is in the Eafl, as is before laid, bred, this errour info many: bntCyprus ofT)iofcorides\sia\dby him robearrecj but Privet is not fo, it is a tree growing in Egipt faith Pliny, the belt is in Canope and Afcalone laith Diofcorides 9 whereby they both judged it to be a ftrangd tree, and noc naturall of Italy, as Liguftrum Privet is. It hath laith Tiofcorides Ollive like leaves but broader,lofcer, and greener ,Pliny faith l ke lujube leaves, but Privet leaves are neither broader nor fofter then the leaves of the Ollive tree, the leede faid Tliny, is like Coriander feede, which is meant by the whole feede,with the outer huske on it,for the feede within them is blacke, as Diofcondes com- pareth them to the leede of the Elder berries : the leaves aifo doe abide alwates greene,but in Privet they doe not lo : the leaves faith Diofcoridcs doe give a reddifh yellow colour to the haire, if they bemoiflried with the j’uyce of Strutbium (bat not of Struthei malt which is the Quince) before itbcapplyed, but Privet giveth no luch co¬ lour howfoever ufed .* by all which notes it is evident that Liguftrum and Cyprus be different one from the other* and cannot be both one plant, or hereafter to be confounded together as formerly they have beene. The firft is acknowledged by the name of Liguftrum by all Writers, although fomc as I laid would make it alio to b e-Cyprus oi e Diofcorider , and fome to be PhiByrea as is before laid. 1 he lecond Baubinus calleth Liguftrum myrtifolium Z« talicum , and faith it was lent him by the name of Adyrtus liguftrifolio The laft Bauhinus calleth Liguftrum gyptiacum latifolium, becaufe he maketh two forts ofthis one, as he doth in many other things bef'cie. making tint of Rauwolfus, fet forth in Betlonius his Obfervations by Cluftus, tobeoneforc, and thac of Alpinus ano*= ther, entituled anguftifolium, becaufe ^Alpinus his figure (as mb ft of bis others are) is not foexa&ly orawne, as Cluftus faith it fhould be: he faith alfo that it is let forth in the hiftory of the Etsft indies, part.q. ftgura tab i y. under the name of Mangoftans : but the truth is, they were both entended but for one plant, Alpinus laith thac the Egyptians doe now adayescall it Elbanne ,and Avicen with the Arabi ans /llcanne and Henne, the Greekes now adayes Scbenna as Rauvsolfius laith The Italians call the ordinary Privet Giuftrico, OHvella Oliverta : and Cham- broffena, the Spaniards Alfenaand Albena, the French Troefncyhe Germanes r Rfeimveyden,Beynboltz,hn ) and Adund- holtz., the Dutch Keelcruyt , and we in Englifb Prime or Privet,and of fome Prime print. The Vertues. Although our ordinary Privet is little ufed in phyficke with us in thefe times, more thenito be put into lotions to wafli fores and fore mouthes, and to coolc inflaunrations and dry up fluxes, yet Adattbiolas laith that Privet ierveth to all the nfes,for which Cyprus Oi the Eafl Privet is appointed by Diefcorides and Galen : he further laith, that the oyle that is made of the flowers of Privet infufed therein and fet in the Sunne,is lingular good for the in¬ flammations of wounds, and for the headache comming from choller or an hotcaufe : a water alfo that is fweete is deluded from the flowers, that is good for all ebofedifeafes that neede cooling and drying, and thcrcforehel- peth all fluxes of the flomacke or belly, bloody flixes and womens courfes, if it be either drunkeor applyed, as alfo for thole thac void blood at their mouth, or at any other place,and for deftillarions and rheumes into the eyes, efpecially if it be:ufed with Tutia: nil thefe properties may fafely be transferred to the Eafl; Privet, faving that it is not of focold a conftitntiomyet as Cjalen faith it hath a binding quality from the earthly cold fubftanceir hath : the young leaves and branches are of a mixt temper, for it hath a digefting faculty with the warme watery lub- *J an /*Yd. r y in £» whereby it helpcth thofe places that are bkrnt, and coolethhot Impolhunes and fores, and doth dry without any fharpcncftc : the pouther of the leaves ferve to hcale the fores in the mouth or feerct parts or man or woman,as alfj to heloe the moift fweatings and ftinke of the feete % by applying them as a plaifler mixed up with fwcete wine; the Oleum Cyprinum^nai is fvveete and made thereof, doth warme and mollifie the nerves andfinClCS - . CHilfrf Tbeatnm Botanicum T r i b r 16 1448 Chap.42, Chap. XLII. CcUftrm Theophrafli t The Staffs tree. | His tree growcth up to a meant height, the barke of the body and elder bouehes being of a darke co ? lour ’ and the y°“ n S er 6"®*. whereon are di- TUo^fll S a he 5 . 1 "!,° e C ° : , vers leaves, not greater then thole of the Iruite- i lefl'e Privet, and dive, s ltnaber, ofaladgrcene (hming colour on the upper (ide, and paler un¬ derneath, which are little or nothing (nipped about the ed¬ ges, and of a little bitter tafte : at the foote ol the leaves to¬ wards the ends ot' the youngell branches come forth fhort ftalkes of an inch long. Inflaming five or fixe flowers, confiding of foure yellowifh greene leavesa pecce, which turne into lcnall berries, ot the bigncfl'c of Alparagus berries, grceneat rhefirft, andasredas the Alparagus afterwards’ but growing ripe ate very blacke and fomewhat long with the rounditefle,wherein is contained a three fquare (eed like unto a G, ape kernel!, whole (lied being hard hath as white a firn e ketncll within it as the hafell nut,covered with a faf- fron like yellowiih skin. 'The Place and Tine. This grew at Leiden in the publike garden, but from whence the naturall place is.is nutkflowne: but from them hath beenc communicated unto divers in this Land, as well 01 Thetphrafor recounteth all the properties hereof ui hi>rp»* n *>/% * , , . . . , mcn.no other having made trial! of any other facnl'ty it is endued wtthad.^ *** he, ‘ S t0 ftiVCS f ° r old Cha p. XL III. viburnum. The pliant mealy tree. Viburnum, Tie pliant mealy .1 jJHis pliant tree hath from a fmall body r j. 1 T BSfl t0 thc hc, S ht ot a hed ge tree or bu(h adarke S‘ a >'" h barke, fin- ^^Sdryltnall (or not great) (hort, but very tough & pitant branches,of a fingers thick- mile, whofe barke is lmooth and whitilh, whereon grow broad leaves like unto the Elme, buc fomewhat onpud hoary rough, thicke,white like meale, and a Utl. hairy wtthall, let by couples, finely dented about the edges: attheendsofthe branches Hand lame tnlts or ciultcrs of white flowers,which turne into large bun¬ ches of round and flat feed like unto Lentils but greater greeneat the firli, and ted afterwards, butblacke when wT.LTi e n , Pe:t u e br / nchc L s hcr0 * are 'o rough and drone " “ . better for bands to tye bundel! toother rh hlng ™" :ball '° r t0 make wreathes to hold nyother the ilk* ° ficlds > thcn e,thcr w«hy or a- The Place and Time. cdhvrher “ 3 lledgC b "‘W*i“§ often cut and plaftt- “d » otto oli .„ d “ j! ' “’f ” Tr I B R l6 Cha f', 44 . H49 The Theater of 'Tlantu The Names. Although the fignification ofZ/i£»)-»»j», doth properly entend the young twigge or (hoote (torn the rooteofa treej yet It is not improbable that Virgil in citing thefe vtrfes. Quantum lentafolent inter Vivaria Cuprejfur, fhould tneane this tree allo,cailed Viburnum , (that it might hold his comparifon to the Cyprette,of the meanenes of other Cities unto the datelines of Rome)i% divers learned men think, which are Gc{ner,MatthioIt»:,Lamerariut, VDttrantet and Lttgdunenlis,&c. and becaulc that the Italiant in their vulgar tongue,call it Lantana (ejucd lentil mil rami)Guilandmnt ,Cje[ner,Label and Cefalpinw ,are content to cal it ZdOTawa allo,yct RuelliMm writing ot the Rhus otThcophraJiw and Diojcorides, faith he found it without Barit, which the Country people called Blanche putain, and both heand Z,o£c/,doe call itZ’icna Gallorum, as ptradventure derived trom Viburnum, and yet they call another ramping bufa Viorna alio, which I have fhevved you before among the damberers, to be the lAtragcne of Tbeophraftus, unlcffe the French have two Vienna's, which is doubtlull, for RueUitu Iheweth a fliru b,which he faith the French call Blanchepurane ,and is the fame they call,faith h e,Viorne and Hardcau alio, Lugdttnenfis faith that DAlecbampiw did take this to be the SpeirsaTheopbrafbi, becaufe the pliant tough twigges may be writhed (in Jpirat) into wreathes ot round circles: but as I (hewed you before, Cltt/iut fetteth forth another Speirsa, which he taketh to be the truer. Csfatpinm and RueUiut, doe both thinke it to be the Rhus Theophrajhjib.^.c. 1 ij which Garni tranflateth Fluids from the Sreeke word pfv. but as they thinke is no fort of our Rhus, or Sumachs, bccaufehctheredefcribethit withtheleafe of theElme, but longer, &c, and therefore they both referreitto this plant. Matth'ulw faith, he was alfoof that opinion,untill having better perilled Theophrafiut,h - refuted that opinion, acknowledging himfelfc tohavebceneinanerrour. The/fKwmhta, 0 f Theopbraflus, which Gaza tranflateth Prumts, but fhould be rattier which iheweth that Cjaza was flenderly advifed to give the word fuch a name that a Plumme fhould bcare a feede to be carryed away with the winde, Pliny calleth it Cogfry^riea, ocCoggyria t yet fome have it Coccyoria : fome alfo tninkeittobe the Cotinus Pliny, and for a diftinftion betweene it and the Ofeafier, which is called Cotinus alio, they call this Cotintts coriaria Pliny, in imitation whereof as it is thought,thofe that dwell at the coupes of H h h h h h a ' ih& fa! K'lW i; :m'. 1 j 41 rl»),i it vll |j * rfflf.' it •4 (If H5 Ch a P .45 aT heatrtm Botanicttm. 1 k1b a 16 C as is the Apemine liils doe call it Scow™, and thole a - the footc Eopclo, of the red colour of the bstke, andnotoftl' Dye,as fomethinke became /’fihj'laith, his Qatinm is, adhneamentct modo ctmcbylij'trblbrc inpgnem, for this as is before laid.giveth a yellow colour. The Savoy irs call the wood hereof which they loppeand tell for that purpole and we Fufttcke,which all Dyers know is ofelpeciall ufe with thcm,both the old wood to give one vel- io V cclcur, and the young another. AiottbiotmiAxguiUro, fitmcrariw, and Gefncr in bortio call it Coti„ M y e j (aefncr alio callvth it Coccieriaforte Tdarba. Iozis Plir-ij, Dodonett, JJotinw Coriaria, Coegycria liy t'/,v >'.,y and q thcrs, and of S centrum vulfo, asthe conlmon people did. Thelaft is iiker’tobe the Rb,u Mv,ft,i, and called by Lugdmerfis,Rbui [ylvettris «//<«, by Clufw Rbw he, ba plinij, and rhinketh it is the 1r/jophanon T'lir.ij alfo, as Ruclliut aid before him,and Afjrtta nemorali,, Cord:'.! tookc it to be EUognm , and Bdlontm (Hr pinm culturd, tookc it to be the EUagntaotTbeophraftw, and Lobel therefore called \tEUagnm Conti, mdDo- djKcm Cbam The ■4r*bu»j call the M Sumac, Ad,trior,, Rofb.tr, Sadijficos, or Rojetidicoi,the Italians Rim ini Sumoco. the SV--/ >rf > SumetbmiSnmagro, the French Sumac, the germane, gerberbattm, theDutch SumackjtnASmock., and we in Snghjb Sumacke.and red Sumacke, the French call the laid PimemrayaU,thuis Royall Calm; : the Germane, Go g-"l, as i, before laid,and weOauIc andlwectc Willow. The Vertues. Sumacke both leaves and feede*,and the medicines made of them are cooling in the fecohd degree,and dry in, the third, theleaves of tire Hrfl Sumacke haveanadringent quality, that they may ferve inftead otAacU f or thale purpofes it is ufed,- he decoction of the leaves and leede is fipgnlar good (or all forts of fluxes in man or’wo- man, to take them in broth,or in mcate or drinke, and to lit in the dc coition while it is warme.a s the bio adv flix" the fitixof theftomacke,womens courles.and the whites alfo, tobedrunke or invefted by gliders or otberwile’ or in bathes, it ftaycth the ftomacke that is much given to calling, the decotflion of the leaves or feede made with vinegar, and a little honey put thereto is good againfl Gangrens or Cankers, the juyee that is taken out of the dry cd leaves by boylmg them in water and after they be ftrayned to boyle them agatre wi h fome bonev hath the fame properties that Ljeium hath, the fame helpeth the rc ughneffe if the tonanc and throatc • he leede Iikewtfe boyled m water,and the decoftion thereof evapoured to the thickeneffe of honey,is m ere eff-ffuall then the leede it fdfc: the decofhon of the gieene leaves maketh the haire blacke to be vvaflied therewith- the iuvee of them dropped into the care; dryeth up the moidureand running of them : the feede beaten and boyled into a pultis and applyed to any inflammation or hot Impodume,cooleih them much,and doth alfo take away the markes and patnes of bruifes and blowes, as alfo the friettingsandgallings of the skim,e, the fame alfo helpeth’ -he he tnorthoides or piles when they blcede too much, ifit be applyedwith the fine pouther of Oken coales: iti Cm- gular good alfo to be applyed to ruptures, both inwardly and outwardly,and to flay defluxions ofhot and fnarnc theuir.es into cne eyes, and Damocratei u(ed it in a medicine with Poppy heads, againfl dedillations from the bcac, and want oF Heepe : thegum tint is found oftentimes iiTuing out of the tree, isgood for hollow teeth to eale the paincs, and the decoffion of the feede is good to wafh the mouth both to faden loole teeth and to heale putrid an; rotten gummes. What the FiririM* Sumacke will perforate, 1 have not knowne anvhath made the proote, but it is probableit might workc fome of thefe tScfts if any would make the try aid. Both the Myrt e leafed Sumacke and the Venice,*, c in a manner as effcdhtall to all the purpofes aforelaid, except that they are a little weaker. The Gaul; is by the bitternefTc and harflinefTe found to be both drying and dilcuflin" and is 'c. y c ..ea-aall to kill the wormes in the belly or ftomacke» it mightily aftedeth the braine, caufing fird'nertur bartons and then foptting the fences.- it is much ufed to be laid in Wardrobes, Chefls, Preffes, and the like to keeps mo;hes from garments,and woollen cloathes as alfo to give tHcm a good fent. Chap. X L V. Afjrtm, The Myrtle. 1 A , vmg i P o!;en ofthe faille In the Chapter before,which fome account a kir.de of Myrt’e both from . 1 ie l°rmeand fweetenefle, 1thinke good to fee the docke of the Myrtles next thereunto, which • are many, became although I have (hewed you three of them in my former Buoke, yet I have not | (hewed you ail the properties they have. * ' T , ■ , '■ Mrtw latifoliamaxim. Thegreitcft openLaurellMyrtle f , r Th '^ grc5:eft M y. tle hath ? rea - Jnd thlck£: wooddy branches let with a double row of large leaves j et not foclofe as the next commingneercunto the fmallcr leaves of the Bay tree, but of a paler mcenc colour adding al .vayes grecneand very lweete . this fort iaith p*f,m even in Spoil fc[dome beared either flowers 0 r rtuitcjbecaufe they pruine it often,being kept in hedges for plcafure ° maketh another fort hereof which differeth little from the former, btttinthe leaves which ate fome- what lmalier and thicker^hereas the former arc thinner. m T , ,, . I. Mynmlattfoii* exotica. The Arango broad leafed clofe Myrtle. n 1 Jm'lfnl >T n e1 l ,gher 1 the " t,lc form "' and nic,;)Ieth the rootedoteofdrong tbicke fiemmes more plentifully dored with large leaves, yetnot fu ly folargeas the fird fort, t tit clofer fee together that tbev aimed “kTunroothe 0 rs tet^°,“T ’ tt'" r ° W t l , 0m f Ct,mes . in a tr ^Ie.nnd very fweete: rhe flowers are w hite l.ke untoothers but largei, after which commeth the fruite, fomewhat longer then in the fmall forts oreeneac thMud, purplifh before tt be ripe, and blacke when it is full ripe, with many crooked white feede? within ?• Adyrtm /atifoliavuloarje, The ufuall broad leafed Myrtle. I-r Jad >-ife] M° r rf, w Cd My u' IC , (w f hich 1 fo cal '! xc,u(c wc have this onely in our Country, of all other forts of , u d ( h f J t, My rll . c ^g ro ^Th to be foure or hve foore high with us,and in the warme Countries to be a little ;te full of branches and leaves,like a fmall budi, the leaves are fomewhac large and great,yet not folargeas the lad, as ftveete T heat rum ‘Botanicum. T R IB E it 145,4. Chap.45. fweete as the other,and the flowers white like the relt, 9 * Mptus/lortpieno. Double flowed Ms rde. and iweete likewiie, the froitc hereof is blacke alfo. 4 . Afjrtw anoufiifolia exotica. The ftr-nge narrowleafed Myrtle. This narrow leafed (ort groweth in all parts like un¬ to the fetond, buc that th? leafe is fmaller, narrower, lmall pointed, and ofa darker greene colour, the flow- ers are alike,and fois he fruite blacke alfo, but greater and rounder, having crooked white (cedes in them, as tnc cchers have. 5. Afjrtw Bxticafjlvefrie, The Spcinifh wild Myrtle. This wilde Myrtle groweth neither fo high, nor fo thicke with leaves, as the former manured lores, buc have (lender and brittle branches, with broader leaves then thelaft, fet mote thinly on both fides then the reft, and ofa dsrke greene colourthe flowers are like the red, and the fluke is round, (landing On long floote- ftalkes betweene the leaves in good plenty, greene ac the fii ft,and whitifh afterwsrds.and blackifb being ripe full of fweetifh jiryce,pleafant, with forhe aftriction to the cafte. 6. Afjrtw domcfica minutijftmis fol'ijs fruflu albo. The fmall white Myrtle. This white Myrtle groweth reaionable tall,with (len¬ der reddifh branches, thicke bufhing together, being thicke fet with very (mail ( even the fmalleft of any o- thcr,) leaves,narroweft of any,and fharpe pointed, and fomew hat darke greene alfo: the flowers arc white like the reft,and fors the fruite likewiie,but of awhi- tifh colour, tending to a little blufh, and lo abide, not changing blackifli, v 7 . Afjrtw minor acuto folio. The (mall and pointed Myrtle. This (mail Myrtle rifeth not fo high as the third, or ordinary broad leafed fort, but groweth fuller of bran- chesjand thicke let with fmall fine and greene, almoft fliining round leaves a little pointed at the ends, abi¬ ding alway es greene, as all the forts of Myitles doe,which and the flowers are fweete alfo, but grow not plenti¬ fully ii, our Country on the branches, as in warmer places, and beareth blacke berryes, but never in thele colder climates, howfotver houfed or defended. 8 . Afjrtw minor rotur.diorefolio, Boxe leafed Myrtle, This other fort groweth in all points like the laft, buc that the leaves being as fmall and frefli, greene, thicke growing,are rounder at the ends, very like unto the fmall Box leaves,and beareth flowers as fparingly. * 9 . Afjrtw fore pleno. Double flowred Myrtle. Of the greater kinds of Myrtle, there hath beene of later rimes one nourfed up in the Gardens of the chiefe Lovers of raricies, with as double flowers as the double Fetherfew, comming forth of a round reddifh huskc, continuing flowring at the leal! three monechs, and each flower a fortnighc.and is not over tender to be kept, yet is not fo hardy to endure the frofts, as Comatw faith, which Maker Tradefcant can fufficiently witnefle, who by a little negleft loft a good plant overtaken with the froft. The Place an dTime, Myrtles of many forts are found generally upon all the Sea coafts of Spainc ftalj, and in divers other Countries alfo. f hefirft two forts found in Spume, not growing naturally wilde, buc in ccrtainc Monafteries, and private mens Orchards. The third 1 thinke came out of Italj, becaufe it is moftlike to that fort they focall. The fourth he likewiie tcund in a Monaflery, not fane (rom Corduba, The fifth in many places wilde, both of Spaine and Portugal!,. And the fixe in a private noble mansgarden in fortugall. Thetwo laftfave one, arenourfedup moft frequent incur Land, and better induretherein, with fomc good heede and looking unto *. butgencrally even in the warme Countries they mull be defended from the cold for feare of danger, as Virgil fhe weth in this A eric Sc log 7. T)umtener m defend0 ajrigorc Mjrtos , and Ovidin the like manner faith Afctnentemfrigora Afjr- tHm ‘ aild y« Virgil in another place faith, Amantesfigora CMjrtos ; W hich how both fhould be true,! can ima- gi e no other, but that Virgil (peaketh of the firft in a cold place, and of the other as they grow in a warme, that th - co,d P :ac0 niuft have fl.e'ter and defence againft the cold, as it is with us, who give them all the comfort we can s and that they that grow in a warme and hot Countrie muft have fhadow, for they love both fhadow from the heate,and moifture iw the warme Countries. The laft hath no nacurall place afligned. They flower in lM*j } and the fruite i> ripe about September, The Names, It iscalled inGrceke^o.V«and fo called a Afjrfne Athenienfpuel/a arnica Palladia a qua curfu & p*. la fra, fu^cratafnviaiadufla interim it • arbufcul* in demortua vicem fttccefit , femper ut ole a Minerva char a \ but P.t na faith, (ic vocatam volunt , propter amalam Afjrrha odorugratiamfn tjw baccis recentibw : yet when We fhew you here a Afjrtw fjfotfris, as well as fativa , or domeflica, you muft net underftand the Oxjmjr{r*e, that is '■' u j cm* which fome caked al io Afjrtw fjlvef? U to be it,bur as in oppofition to the tame or manured of the lame kinde. T ribi 1 6. The Theater of ‘Plants. C H A P.46. 1455 kmdc ‘Diojcoridcs mJketh mention of both thefe forts.and the white one alio, althoughhe hath deferibed bur one. but fomc doe much mervaile that Theophrashu that doth fo often make mention of the Myrtle, yet hath in no place defcribed it. The firff fort here fet downe is the firrt Myt u , with Clufin, called by him Myrtut Bxtic'a latif.du domejhca, and by Label Myrtw hurcafecunda. The fccond is called by Clufiw, Myrtut Biticalatifoli* txo'ica. The third is as I take it the Italic* famerarij, which Mat1lml.1t and others doe deferibe, and may be th- C enjugula ofl Cato, which Pliny calleth naflraejbai is Ramona, and Label Lumen maxima, and is molt likely to hi tncniyra of Diofcorictes, The fourth is the t-Myrtw Bxticaangujlifolia exotic* of Clufine, which Label calleth c > Ay tut exotica Flmiy, and although it have not fix order of leaves, as r Pliny his exotica, yet faith Chilitu the leave" prow thicke together, that it feemeth to have more then ir hath. The fifth Clufitu calleih A/jrtu, BatkaMvc- Jint, and is the Myrti majoris qmntafiecies of Label,mi Myrtut fylveftris of Matthiolw Tbefixth is the Mi r tm domtfitcafrunu alba of Clufim, which Bellamy often remtmbreth in his Obfervations, and is the Myrtut „om angufttfaha by Label T he two [aft fave one are very likely to be the Tarentina, and fo Motthialm, and Chum take them to be. LobelcMttib them Myrtut mimrvnlgaiu, andfooihers, becaule as I faid they beftabidennr Kortherne Countries. The fait is fo called by Comutui as it is in the title. The Excreffence that is often found gro wing upon old Myrtle trees, is called Myrtidanum and Myrtadammby Dtofcmde,, and Myrtidanum Yer The VcrtucSt The Myrtle as Galen faith hath contrary qualliries in it.for it hath a palling cold earthy quality in it and a cer tame th.nne warme eflence alfo, and therefore it powerfully dryeth and bindethl The dryed leaves are more drying and binding then the foe* which being beaten and boyled with water, is good to drinke againlt ca- tarres,falling to any parr of the body and doth helpe alfo the fluxes of the belly or ftomacke, mold ulcers and fretting or creeping fores, being applyed to the fwcllings and heate of the cbds, the Import nines of the funda- ment, and Saint Anthonies fire: the decoftion of the leaves is good for the refolucion of the Arteries and ioynts and their weakencile to fit in or over the lame as in a bath, and doth helpe to confolidate broken bones or out of oy nt, that will hardly be cured, it helpeth the forenefle of the nayles, and that riling of the skin about them if the pouther of the dryed leaves be cad thereon : the ,'uyce ofthe leaves is of the fame tffefts, whether out “the fiedr leaves.or taken from the dry, by infufing red Wine on them, and is fafely uled where there is neede of any 1 "f d mi the d »nger of Mufliromes.-bcing drunke in Wine, it helpeth a flink- ing breath «d amende* that which is not fweete, the fame alfo heated with Wine healeth old ulcers that are hard to cure. it helpeth thedifeafes ofthe b adder,and provokerh urine, it alfobindeth the belly, and ftayeth the fluxe of humours, the blanes.wheales and other breakings out in the skinne thedecoflionof them, is o 00 d for women to fit in or over, that arc troubled with the falling dqwne of the mother, and isgood alio firth! failin' downe ofthe fundament, and the piles. The Exceedence called Myrtidanum, is of greater force to dry and b inde then either Ieafe, juyee, or feede: the juyee condenfate of Myrtles is commended by MatthMu, for a better fob! Myrdc hath the vuyce of Slocs ’ which hath not that aromaticall fcnt,and rttepgthning quality that the Chu, XL VI. Vituldiafive iMyrtilhu Germanic a velVaccimumfrutex. Whortleberries. Here arc divers forts of thefe low fh rubs, which murt all goc under the name of Whorts or Whor- l tie berrres^ltnoogh there is much difference beeweene them. _.. *• Vaccinia nigravu/garia. Blacke Whortes or Bill berries. »nis fmall bulh creepeth along upon the ground, fcarce riling halfe a yard high, with divers lmal darke greenc leaves fee on the greene branches.which it fpreadeth abroad on both tides, but a lirrle denred f fo?'!? °" C ® nother >< 0 me w hac like unto the fmaller Myrtle leaves,but not fo hard,and • d J c - ■ dses - : atthcf °°«°f the leaves come forth (mall hollow pale blulh coloured flowers hfon b eT,!!d Se '| d ' fiS, t n r hV • P 0, " ts ’ w,ch u a raddi(h chrl:d in the middle, which parte into fmall round berries of the Durohfo cofour! Ur rk f ‘T'T be i7 es>b . ut fuU ofa Purple fwcetilji lharpe or fbwre juyee, which doth give a fad foh!mdherfm!irZd f Z PS at ha "? e ^em.cTpecially if they breakc them; comainfng with- ShSfaSfc taSJta Wt e ter.° rcS ' OVVe 3 PC Und "g r0Und > (booc ‘ n g in ‘ u " dr y a > -t creepeth: T . ; .. 3. VaccwUmgrafruaumajore, The greater Bill berry. i L ‘ ’u berry § roweth g reaKr a " d h 'ghcr then the former, whofe lower part of the branches are of an and here b “ ^ “fP" P art ;S r£ent: and f°m«imes reddifh the leaves are fomewhat rounder pointed the flow- ers and berryes, are like the other in all things, five that they are larger,but of the lame colour being r ine a! Ti l more pleafant fweere and lelfe fharpe tart e : the roote creepeth in the fame manner * P ’ 3. Vaccinia nigra Pannmica. Hungarian Blacke Whorts This Hungarian Whort hath tough (lender Halites, lying for the moll part, on the gtotmd, and there taking roots Tr i b e i 6 . The Theater of Tiantu Cha p>/\6. 145 7 6. Vva Vrfi Galipi Clufij, TJic Spamlh red Whore. 7. Vitii Jdxa tenia C'.ufij. The French Hony fweetc WhortSi 8. Vitii lA*a Cretica elatior The taller red Whorts of Candy ] o. Vitii I Am Cretica banulioT* The lower Candy red Whorts, wok asaine in feme places.with many brandies, fcarfe railing up themfelves above the Mofc among which u Lroweth having fundry long and fomewhat narrow leaves, upon long footeftalkesfee without order on them. Ireene above and paler underneath, and a little nicked about the edges, with a few (oft ha,res on them alfo, and of a verv aftringent tafte : the flowers come forth at the end of the lafl yeares fhootes or branches, which were not obferved, but there flood blacke round berries,as bigge almoft as Cherries, upon long footeflalkes, hanging downe when they were ripe but reddifh before,full of a not unplealant juyee, concerning within tnem no hones 1458 C h a f<46. Tbeatrum Botanicum . T r ib e 16. like Cherriesbucfive fecdes (or the moft part,being flatsndwhite: the roote is vvooddy with fome fibres joy- red thereto : this holdech the greene leaves all the Winter. 4. Vaccinia rubra buxeisfolijs, Red whorts with Box: leaves. This red Whort rifech up like unto the great blackc Whort,having fundry harder leaves like unto the Boxecrec leaves, greene and round pointed Handing on the feverall branches, at the toppes whereof oncly, a^d not fforr the |]des,as in the former come forth divers round and fomewhac longhallow flowers, ofapale red colour, after w hich iucteedc round reddiih fappy berrycs,when they are ripe,of an acide and aftringent tafle : the roote run¬ neth in the ground like the blacke : the leaves hereof fall not away in Winter. 5. Vaccinia rubra longioribwfolijs . Red W harts with longer leaves. This other red IVhurte is like a low creeping fhrub.but groweth fomewhat thicker and greater then the former reJ,the leaves whereof are longer narrower and fharper pointed then it, and growing reddifh toward Autume but yet abiding on the branches like the former, and not falling of in Winter: the flowers are like the other and fo is the fruite, but not fappy, or with juyee therein, but dry and faplcffe, and without any manifeft talk. 6. Vvaurfi GalemClufio, The Spanijh red Whort. This Spanijh Whort like wife differeth not much from the former red forts, having (lender flexible (hikes and branches,about a foote long, lying on the ground, covered with a reddifh barke, lomewhat like unto the tender branches of the Strawberry cree, having lundry leaves let thereon, neere refernbling the Strati berry tree leaves but lefler, being thicke and fappy but not hairy at all,and fomewhac bitter with the aftringent tafle: at the ends of the branches grow divers bottle like or hollow round flowers, growing in cluflers of the fame whitifh blufh colour that the; are of, after which follow round red berries,like unto fmall Cherryes, but of an acide tafte ; the leaves hereof like wife abide on the flalkes and fall not away in Winter. 7. Vitii ld£a tenia Clufj. The Freud) honey 1 weete Whortes. This rifeth higher then any of the former, to be foure or five cubits high, wich fundry thicke fmooth wooddy ftemmes from the rooae, the lower parts being fomewhat rough and covered with a blackifh barke, theupper branches being greene, ftored with many leaves thereon,fet without order, which are fomewhat long with the roundnefie, and a little dented about the edges, of a fad greene colour above and very hoary underneath : at the joynts with the leaves come forth many white flowers, confiding of five leaves a peece, after which come fmall round berries fomewhat bigger then Hawthorne berries,and blackc when they are ripe, having a fmall crowne as it were of five fmall points which were the flowers, flicking at their toppes, and being fappy of a fweetifh tafte like honey,with fundry blackifh feede within them. 8. VitU Id&a Cretica elatior. The taller red Whortes of Candy. This fmall fhrubby plant lending forth fundry (lender wooddy blacke fhootes from the roote, the wood being hard and white without any fent, buc fomewhat heating the tongue on the tailing, parted into divers branches, furnifhed a: the joynts,by uneqtiail fpaces, fometimes with fingle leaves, but ufnally with two, and fometimes with throe or foure together, which are fomewhat hard and almoft round,dented alfo a little about the edges,be¬ ing fomewhat like unto Holly, but nothing fo hard or prickely,of a fad greene colour on the upper fide and gray- Hn the lower, at the ends of the branches, and at the joynts alio with the leaves come forth fundry white* Cher¬ rylike fiowcr^each on a long footeftalkc^nd after them fmall round and fomewhat long reddifh fruite, of a plea- fant r„ftc,of the bjgncfle of a Beane,having a freezy or woolly crowne at the toppes,and being dry turneth blacke and hard. 9 . Vitij Idea Cretica htimxlior. The lower Candy red Whorts. This other Candiot groweth much lower, fuller of fprigges fiendercr alfo and fhorter whereon at unordinary ipaces, (land unor Jinary leaves,three or fom c fometimes together, being almoft round like unto the laft, but letter fofter,(moother and not fo much dented about the edges, neyther yet of fo lad a greene colour on the upperfidc, nor fo gray on the under, at the joynts likewilc with the leaves come forth long flalkes, with manythclike white bloflomes m aclufter, turning into (mailer berries; of a darke red colour, and a little downy at the head, fomewhat like unto Mirtle berries, which are familiarly eaten by the Shepheards, and others of the Country. The Place and Time. The firft groweth in m^y heathes,woods and barren hilly places of this Land, as Hampjl cede Heath, Finche - and Saint Iohtts wood, not farre from London, and in fundry other places. The firft red fort in the North parts, as Lanca/hire,2nd lorkefj'tre, on the hills,&c. Thereft grew in HungariafBavaria, andCJermany, and in other Countries alfo. The lixth Clufiw found in Spaine , and the branches and berries were fhewed me by Bocl, that brought them out of Spaine. The feventh groweth as Lobel faith on every of the hils in Provence France, and Clufeui on the hils nigh Vienna . T he two laft in They all flower in March and Aprill, and the fruite of the blacke is ripe in Inne and July, the other later. The Names. The firft blacke forts are taken generally by the beft later Writers, to be the a/amh©- oPTbeopbraflur, that is, Vitis ex parte Id £l ejuam vacant 'Fhalacras, but Tliny falfly put in Alexandria inftead of 7^,in Latine by them l 'itU 1 d £ o. donauS R IBE 16. The 'Iheater of \Tlants. Chaf^. 145 p Ooneus and Label, called it Vacciniamgta, Angmlara, radix Idea frublu mgro, Camerarim, gefncr and Clujius, Til is 1dm vulgaris baccjs nigris.Cefalpinu, Tagole primnm gcr.us. The fecond is called by TragusMjrtiUm grandu, and is the #>er:dyr,m fr:e C'ip>ifolium vufgare. Wooduindc or Houyfucklcs. j*. Terictymenum perf:ua:umfi ve Italicum • The double Honylutklc. where The Theater of Tlants. Chap^S. 4- Cbamtepcndymcnum, The D,vane Honyfiickle. where it beareth many flowers, at two or three teverall diftances one above another, with two round leaves under them, at thcjoyntsjoynedfo dole together, that they feeme like fawfers to hold tile flowers, which Hand in the middle, and are ®f the fame fafhion and colour with the former, that is of a whitilh vellow colour, with open inouthes, dafhtovcr with a fightfhew of purple, with threds within them likewiie, and as fweete : this beareth leede likewifc,but not fo many together. 4. Chamapcri.lymenHm, Dwarfc Hony fuckle. This Dwarfe Hony fuckle Ir th a creeping roote, run¬ ning here and there underground, and fhooting upftalkes ivithfundry leaves let by couples at the joynts, full of veines, and with five ribs running all thelenth of the leafe to the end,which is pointed,fmooth and not dented about theedgeSjfrom the toppes of the (hikes grow forth two branches, with foure or five fuch like leaves as grow be¬ low, anil from betweene the footeofehem cominetha fmall tuft of flowers, (which were not obferved,) and af¬ ter them many red berries fet in a bunch or knob together, like the Mulberry, but longer, and therefore 1 thinkeit lliould rather pertaine to the family of the Chamamori, but vhat.as C tafia1 to (hew,not only his love to Doftor Penny, in letting it paffe by his name, but alfo his judgement thereof by the name,, lo 1, untill I can have better know¬ ledge of the Plant, muff lec it lo paffe, but with my cauti¬ on. ' , . ’' ' The Place and Time. The fit II growethevery where in this Land, inthe hed¬ ges abundantly. The fecond in Germany, The third in Italy ,Spaine,Proverwe of France,&c. Both it and the iecond art pnely kept in our Gardens, or Orchards, or lit again!! anhoule fide to runne about the Windowes, where they keepe theroomescoole.and mike a goodly fhew without. - - The latl was found by Doftor Penny, as C tafias faith, by ‘J)amz,icky,vi ho gave him both the figure and the deferip- tion as it is here exprdTed. The firft is in flower in tune , an d the fruite is ripe in Aamjl, Th.» fecond and third are earlier, both for the flower and fruite, yet we never faw fruite of the fecond to follow any of the flowers. The Names . It is calledI in Greeke «p><^V.a*»',butthe Greekesin thefedayesj i n ratine PerichmehamilOt. and Capr.fi/,am ,but Thny miftaking-the word Penctymemim, fetteth downethe properties of Hymen,,m for it, with lome MatrtjlylvafilolKcrammafis, and L.hmn-inter flmas, and Vincibofitmffiy fxfalpbuts, accordin'* as Ufltah. am called it. The firif and third are called by all Anthours that have written of them, either 7 hrichmerwm or C apnfilmm, feme entuic die firll G,rma„,cnm, and fome vuigare Scptcntr\oMlium, but the fecond is more right. Iy termed genaankam; becaufc 1 thinke no Country h th it naturally but that. The third is Perfiliatum alteram or grandius & ItaUcnm. But the iall was full let out by Ctafia J.and from him Tabcrmmtamts,Gerard Bauhir.us, and mylelfehaye it. The It*!,ms call ir rincibofce, the Sptniard, MadrefelM, the French Chenrefncitle theCVr- H onj' uckle S * ,and D " tch GhtjtcMrft.vd 'JMcmmebem, and we in Englifi Wood binde,and -The Vertxcs. Wem our Land have by tradition continued fo long in this errour to ufe the leaves, and flowers, in all gamlesi and lotions for inflammations in the mouth,or the lorcpi ivy parts of man or woman, that [ thinke the cultome is grownc too (hong by time for me with a few words to (hew the inconvenience, that it may be reformed,for they nnalffv , H C0 (r lng A 0Fbmd ' ng ’ src taken t0 be : butare ° f3 denfing.refolving.confuming.ahd digefting fl y,M Hfffope.O iganum.and .Vinter Savoury are, that with Figges and Licoris, are effcauall to expeflo- ' liC tncff and mugs wherewith they are filled : and that it is not fit tobe ufed in inflammations ™, V ''l 'T of thehmbc holding a. leafe in ones mouth wiU declare, bytheburning heate will be felt therein, ‘ n d ,VI a y , ,th3t Cb f k dec0fll0f ! thereot bein 8 dr “ke fixe dayes together, will render theudns as Wood r although at the firft they will but provoke urine onely, the fruite and leaves as well as the fiowers.are or oneettedt: but the flowers and leaves are of more ufe thenrhe feede, which is faid ro confume the fplcene.and n°'f I'T-j T ma " S , fpCe £ dy dellfer y. whereas it is faid to bring barrenneffe to men that uie it,it cannot pro- P, > be '? ld , ot men.butof women tobe barren, and of men to be unable to generation, or their feede nnprofiti- ble upon fundry caufes: the leaves or flowers in pouther or the drilled water of them, is much commendcdto clenle and dry up fome and moifl ulcers, and to clenfe the face and skinne from morphew.funbumc,freckles, and other difcolourings of the skinne. The oyle wherein the flowers have bteneinfufcd and limned. ,V„onH „ tr - t . /• The oyle wherein the flowers have bceneinfuicd and funned, iseoodaoainll Chap; Iiiiit TeMjmir.um return, vprlght Woodbindc or Hony fuckle. F this kinde of F ericljmemm, there are three or foure forts,as you Hi all prefently heare. I. P ericljmemm rePlum frufttt rttbro. Red berryed upright Honyfuckle. 7 he divers (hikes of this Hony (uckle, are fomewhat (Iraight ami upright, about three or foure foote high,at the lead, divided and lprcadinro divers branches,covered with a very thinnewhi- tifh barke: the leaves (land by couples on the branches and two likewife at every joynt, which are of a whitifh greene colour, fntooth, and leffer then thofe of the former winding W oodbindes: the flowers alfo (land by couples at the end of fhsrt (lalkcs,that come forth from the joynts with the leaves, and are much (mailer then the other, and never opening or (preading much, of a pale whitilh colour, alter which come two red berries, long with the roundnelle.both of a bignefl'e in the naturall places,and in lome open places, and feldome fo with us,for one is ufually withered and never commeth to perfeftion. 2 . Pericljmemm re Hum frit Phi nigra, Blacke berried upright Honyfuckle. This growethnot fo high as the full, nor (preadeth fo much but groweth greater in the (temme and more up¬ right, whofe barke is not fo white: the leaves grow in the lame manner, but are fomewhat longet and dentrd about the edges,the flowers hand upon ("mall llslkes, as in the former, two ulually together, yet l'ometimcs bus one,of a more pnrplifh colour,and fomewhat lefTer,unto whom fucceed blackc berries,full of juyce.of no Unplea • fant tafle: the roote in both are hard and wooddy. 3. Perictjmeno rePlumfruPht cxrnleo. Blew berryed upright Hony fuckles. This is alfo a low fhtubbe riling not much higher then the lad, theflemme being greater and covered with a rugged blackifh barke with divers (mall branches thereon,the youngeft being reddilh at the firfl, and hoa- y with- all: the leaves (land by couples as in the reft, (omewhac like unto the firfl,ofa drying and bitter tafle,the flowers grow by couples.fmall and paleofcolour,as the firfl,after which commeth but one berry ulually,fomewhat long and round, of a blewifh colour with a Iweete and little tatt juyee within them,colouring the hands red that han¬ dle them,and have within them many flat feede. 4 . PericljmenumrePlumjruPltt rubra fnguUri mujore,, The greater Upright Honyfuckle. The leaves hereof are greater.then any of theformer.and pointed at the ends, let in the fame manner tjy cou¬ ples, on the low flalkeSjthat are not above a cubit high, and they are harder in hand ling, greene above and gray un¬ derneath : the flowers (land by couples as in the reft,and areot a pttrplilh white colour,or fomewhat deeper lome- rimes but unto them lucccedc but one berry, tbebiggeftofthemallcvenas large as a cherry.red.fappy, andtran- fparcnc,havingtwo markesat the top.where titc flofvers grew,but containing within it but one feeds. j. T(ruljmnum icflum f’uflu rubra. Red berr; ed upright Honyfuckle. z. Tcridyn.timm-icflumfiuttu nigra. Bbcke berryed upright Honyfuckle. Tribe i 6. S" Perklymenum Teflumfruftu cxrutco, Blew berryed Honyfackle. The Theater of Tlams. C H A P.49. 4. Tericlymcnim, reftwn fruftu rabro iittgulari m.ijose, The greater red upright Honyfuckle. 1465 The Place and Time, All thefe forts were found by Clujim in Germany, e^ullria, mi Syria. and fame on the Pyreneanhih, and in avoy t the molt of them are kept in our Gardens, they flower in -^^/y,and the fruiteisripe in Augufi. The Names. Some have called thefe (hrubs by the name of Xylojteum quafi Lignum ojfeum ob dstritiem i for they have notbeene nowne to the ancient Writers,as it is fuppofed, but found out by themoderne, and for the refemblance of the nowers, in likeneffe although not in bignefle,unto Honyfiickles, and that the fhrub groweth upright, not Ica- mng or wmdmg as the former kindes do^they have given them the name of Peridymentm (tans. or mW as the httelt Epichite to demonftrate them, and each with diftin&ions one from another, as is.firteft. The. fir ft is the PertclymcnumAUebrogum of Lobel^nd PericlymenumrePlum fruElu r*bro, and the firft with CluRm. and Xjbfte- With T)odo»£M,Camcrariui 9 ind Thalitu : Gefner in hortis callcth it Pcricljmcnocognatwfrtuex , and Tragus and Lonjcertvs in the infancy of Herbarilme, not knowing whereunto well to referre them,called it Halimu*. The lccond is the fccond penclymcnum return 0 f CJufius, and fo is the third here, his third in his Hiftory ofPIants ne lalus (lufiw his fourth Tericlymenumredum, which Gefner at the end of Qordm, his hiftory of Plants, calleth Chamecerafm monttoa, and Lob el Cbamaccrafw Alpigena.Dodoneus and Eyfietenfis Xylofteum alterum, LttfduncnRt taketh it to be the Ficus Idea Tbeopbraftijib. 3 1 a nd calleth it Ficus Idea nofir as vtslgo FranguU, , but Clul M faith,he cannot content to that opinion, nor that it ftiould be Pliny his Ficus Idea neither, CluRw faith,that ihcv of Aujtria and Styria call the firft Hunds kirfeben^nd Bein boltz and the three firft forrs Hands beer,and we accor¬ ding to the Latinename, upright Honyfuckle. Baubinw calleth all thefe forts by the name of whereofmanycocmuchmatvell, feeing the fafihion offlowers declare plainely unto what ftocke of right they The Vertues. , • r „L r° , one L t ^ at l^cwed thefe, that hath heard of any property of any of thefe berries; or the fhrubs, nave in 1 hyiicke, but chofe that are pleafant are eaten oftentimes, and the third fort is much louche after, bv the people where it groweth, to ferve the Dyers ufe. b * * liiiii z Chap® gelfembmm five lafminum. The Iafmine or Gelfemine. hath exhibited unto us in his workes, three forts of Iafmines, with white, blew, and yellow 1 flowers, vihomTabermontanw and others doe follow, although without all knowledge of them .- J divers others much doubting the truth of the blew and yellow,'have thought none fuch to be in re. mm natura , but time and indu(lry,the difclofcrs of hidden (ccrets, have brought them to light, yet very lately,and fcarfe knowne to our world,or therein but to a few ; the true yellow I will (hew you in this Chapter, with divers other rare ones, f'ome true.and fome that are received for Ialmincs, with divers others,and in the next, that yellow Iafmine,which formerly was taken for the right, but farre differing there¬ from, laving onely in the forme of the flowers,and in the next Chapter unto that,the tine fort of Scrapie,hie blew Iafmine as I verily fuppofe, yet becaufe the growing thereof is notanlwerable to the lafmincs, but more corrct- pondent tothc Lilac, bclides the f cryl^sname wdieicby itcame, although many of the leaves thereof refemble a lalmine,! have placed it there, not without realon as I take it. J. Gclfemirum velIttfmitmm album vulgar'. The ordinary white lalmine. The ordinary white lalmine hath lundry very long fhootes from the rooter, fometitnes twelve, yea twenty foote high : divided in many branches,covered with a darke grayifh barite, the younger branches being greene with a white pith within like the Elder, whereon are fet at feverall places, long winced darke greeneleaves made of many f mall and pointed leaves,and the largeft at the end, and longed pointed:at the toppes of the younp branches,fland divers flowers in a tuft together, each o n a long grecnc (hike, which fuftaineih a (mall long hol¬ low truncke, ending in five white leaves, pointed and (melling very ftrong and fweete, which fall away with¬ out bearing any fruice in our Country, but in the hotter where it is naturail, it bcareth a flat ft ede like a Lupine - the roote (preadeth much and fane in the ground.and giveth many fuckers. r i. Gelfeminumvel U(mimm Catalenicum [implex. The Angle Spanifh Iafmine. This Spanifh Iafmine groweth lower then the former by much, buthach leaves and flowers growin° in the fame manner,and differeth from itoncly in the leaves,being fomewhat broader, fhorrer, and thicker, and in the flowers which are larger, and purplifh on the out fide, before they be open,and white with purplifli edges, when they are blowen open exceeding iweete ot imell more then the former. ,, Gelfeminum vel Ujmiuum Catalomum multiplex. The double Spanifh Iafmine This kinde of Spanifh Iafmine groweth very like but leffer then the Angle kind (booting forth Inch like leaves, but efa frefher greene colour: the flowers hkevvifeftand at the toppes of the branches, many together, but the hollow trunckes are ihorter by the halfc ending in five or fix leaves laid open like a ftarre,within which rife three I. Ge'feminum vet lafminum a’bum vulgare* The ortlmar/ wldte lalmine. a. Gelfminum vel lafminum Catalonicum (Implex » Tlic finglc Spanifh lafmrne. 1 X r i ee 1 6. ‘‘Iks Theater of ‘ Plants. Chat, 50. orfivedayes, yet withering upon the tlalkes tall not away, but after many dayesio abiding, another flower will brcake forth ol the fame tiunke fometimes: this bath a quicker fent then the other. 4. Gclfeminttmfive lafminnm Indicumflavtm odoratiffimnm. The Indian moft fweetc yellow Iafmine. This rare Iafmine rifeth In the warme Countries to be two or three cubits high, the barke whereof is fmooth, and as red or purple as the Flower-gentle, Ipreading forth branches on all fides even from the lowelt almoft, and they againe divided into other leflfer ones, bearing at fundry places, without order in feme places, three leaves, in fame five on a ftaike, of a very fad or deepe Ihining grecne colour, not dented at all about the ed¬ ges,nor falling away in Winter, each part whereof is lomewhat like the Ieafe of the Pomgarnet tree, but harder and thicker,the flowers grow in the fame man¬ ner at the toppes of the branches, and in tufts, formed very like unto thole of the Spanifh Iafmine, but fome- whatleffer, yet abiding longer, 2nd ofafairegokl yellow colour, and exceeding fvveete, after which fucceed fmall round heads lefler then Ollives, greene at the fird,and blackifti blew being ripe,ckere,fhining alfolike a grape, (landing fingly, and fometimes dou¬ ble upon a ftaike including certaine blackifli long feed like Peare kernels. This plant is more ealie to be pro¬ pagated, either by fuckers or layers, but is very render to kecpe,not abiding either the lead of Winters breath nor yet the cold Aummne dewes, but much deligh- teth in warmth and moiflure, yet neither enduring much rainc or watering, to fall on his leaves or flow¬ ers, which will change the flowers paler,and the green leaves yellower,and therefore mull have the moifturc diddled at the rootes. This holdeth the greene leaves in the Winter. 5 , Gelfeminum five lafminnm lute am otforUtHm Virginiamim fear,dens & femper virens. The fwectc yellow climing Virginian Iafmine. This Virginian Iafmine hath a pretty bigge wooddy docke next to the ground, from whence rife fundry hard dalkes, dividing it fclfc into many branches, Ipreading very farre upon the tree*, or any thing dan- deth next to it, whereon arc fee at levcrall fmall di- dances, two pretty large Mirtle-like fmocth leave?, but placed on contrary fide?, each above other, as the y are difpoled in the double Syringa Ar*bica, or Pipe* tree: the flowers Hand three cr foure together,at the „ ends 0' the branches, fame what like unto the f ormer Iafmines, with a long hollow trunke, ending in uve pci:.' but not laid open into leaves like them,of a yellow colour, fmelling very fwcete, alter which follow f !n ill, iome* what flat and long fmooth yellow pods, parted in the middle all the length, fullofimall flat browmlh uedts,' winged as it were or skinny at the one end/md piled dole one upon another in each fide of the pod. T re PL.ce and Time, The three fird forts have beene brought, as it is thought out of Syria into where they thrive pacing well; The fird fort,which they account tobe wildc.krveth to graft the other two upon, that they may grow and thrive the better; we keepe the fecond with much care and provision,being more tender then the fird, which is grow¬ ing in many places of the Land, in private perfons gardens? but the third, lhavenot heard that it hath becrc as yet brought unto us, it being as yet more rare,and as render to keepe, if not more then the fecond The fourth is helddoabtfull whether it came from t he Haft Indies, China, or Ltpan, or rhe Weft Indies,for diversdoe uippo.e the one and the other. The fifth groweth in Virginia, as Mader Trade fount, who faw it there doth affirme, and from him I have a plant rifen of the fccde. They all flower late,and none of them bears any feede with ns. The Names. The Arabians call the Iafmine Zambach,md Sambacb^ud lafemin as it is thought, from the GrccUe word lafme t which fignifieth Violacettm, it hath no other Greeke name,uniefle as fome thinke ic be the Pethos albas of Tbeopkra - fins. The fird is called lafminnm or Cj el feminism vulgatitti & album , by all Authours. The fecond is called Iaf winum i Q\ Gclfeminttm grandius Cat&lonicum , but by Lugdunenjis lafminnm putticenm. The third is mentioned onely by Ferr arias, in his Flora or deforum cultura. The fourth by him alfo, yet mentioned in the Catalogue of the French Kings Garden at Paris. The fifth was never mentioned by any before, and but that Mader Tradefcant is confident to call it a Iafmine, and therefore I am content to put it with the red to give him content, I would be further informed of it my fclfe,before I would certaindy give my confent. The Vertues. S-erapio delivercth it, that the white Iafmine is hot in the beginning of the fecond degree, that it difeuffeth hu¬ mours, is good againd fait flegme,profitable to old cold men,and profitable for catarrhs,and the griefes that fpring from cough flegme : the leaves either greene or dry,doe clenfe freckles, fpots,and difcolouring in the face or elfe- wherc,and helpeth tetters,or ringwormes, andth&like:it is not fit that thofc that are of an hot conditution fliould life this, for this breedeth the headache. The flowers are very fweete, and therefore they lerveto flrow in the houfe for an ornament *nd good fentjthey ufe alfo in the warme Countries to lay the flowers among their gloves liiiii 3 or fine 4 >W Gctfcminum five lafmnum InAiiumflavumodotdtijfimum^ (2* tut mm V.TginiaiiUtn ocleraium/'candtvs femper vttens. The moft fwectc yellow Indian Iafmine. Anil the fweetc yellow diming yellow Iafmine of Virginia. 14 66 .HAP.51. Theatrum Potamcnm, T rIB e 16 or fine linnen to give the better font. Theoylethit ismadeof the flowers by inflation is good foranv col part of the body to warme it,and to cafe the paines of the crampe,and ditching in the fides. ' Chap. LI. Polemenium pvcTrifohMmfrxticans vel lafminum lutenm vnlgare. Shrub Trefoile or the ordinary yellow Iafmine. Volcmarrumfnt Trifolium fruticam vel lafminum luleum vulgarc. Shrubbc Trcfoile.ur ebe ordinary yellow I.ilinuK', ^though as I laid in the Chapter before,this plant is not of the Iafmines, yet becaufe it hath by time ob- rained that name, and that the flowers thereof in forme refemble the white Iafminc I thought it pond to joyne it next unto them, becaufe I would not put it into their Chapter. It fpreadeth white rooter, at thefuff'but after ofa da^ke^ray^l^colowfwhereon^ire 3 * 65 man ^ ai,d ^ ent ^ er twiggy branches,green let at fevcrall didances,three finall darke greene leaves to¬ gether on every dalke, the end lcafc being the bigged: at the j'oynts with the leaves come forth the flowers, each hngly by it felfe upon a dalke which are long and hollow, ending in five leaves ufually, jet lometimes in fixe, very like unto the flowers of the white Ialmine but yellow,and thereupon it was called a yellow Iadnine.which being pad, there follow other roend blacke Chining berries of the bie- n 1- e i° fa SreaC Pcafe or k'gSfr 11111 of a purplifh juyee winch will colour ones fingers that Or all bruile them. The Place and Time, This greweth plentifully about Momplier, and abideth well any where in our Country: it fiowreth in lull, but weleldome lee i;ipe fruite the eon. T be Names, If is called Polemomum Monsjelienfium by Cefner Lobel Camera tins aid Lugdunevfrs ^ and Trifolium frutican, by Do - doimiu and Tebcrmor.tamu, who alio calleth it 1 bacci. jerafivemfoiu, and Cjefner Rutacafraria Gnllornm Men. Jpehenfium, and by fomc lafminum Uteum Ita/icum, vec Colx.r.na calletli it, lafmini fpeciei trifo/ia non videturad hPolemonium a'Cedere, Bijler \ in horto SjjletenR, fiieweth one with foure leaves, that ate greener, and not !o fharpe pointed, and Bauhinul Fafmn;HmlitUnmvtilgo diUitm bac. cifemm, who alio giveth this note of it, thac at Mompeli. " ! c ** oP \ en foimtJ but with one leafe alone upon a (hike although in Gardens it hath three.lt is veiy doub lull whe¬ ther it Ihonld be the ToUmoniitm of Diofcorides or no for you hive here the judgement or Column.1, non vidttur ad /- lemomumaccedere, although Ljvic/wcu'd make it agree ill ail things. Some would make it therefore a (jtifmf but 1: agree h rhereto in nothing, but ip. having three leaves to¬ gether. We cannot learr.e what It., Inn, French, or Dutch nameithach, but in Fnghfb it may be called ShrubteTre- foile,accordirg to the Latine, hut Gerard faith, ic is called bare,yet I know not where nor by whom • it is ufu- -11 n j , 7' . ■ , . / ‘tisuiu- ally called now adates the yellow Iafmine from the likendfe of the flowers. ... . TheVertues, PdlfT'’ T ° f 3ny k o° Wne pr ° PCrty “ hlth hr “ftaine.and therefore to give you the narticn'ar Vcrtue- of errour. ' " ,w len as Peradventure not any one can belong thercunto.wercneedelefli, and the ground of a great Chap. L11. Sjringa, The Pipe tree. &S h 1 h r. ve fl ' eweJ y™ theft fre forts of Pipe trees in my former Booke, yet Ithinkeitnct 'i fea!vcihere? ty0U wlch them a § amc here > and giveyou a fulldefcripcion of that fort that was de- Tj.-i,i I - LiUc c JMwhiolifive Sj/rinpaflore caruleo, The blew Pipe tree or Lilac. of the branches come forth man'll* 0 ^ ^ ^ m ln 'y ar ^ S| ff an ^ ,n g °n long fooreflalkes : « the toppes of many °‘ nC td ‘ Cl1 mm y W hoIio 'V hlewifli purple flowers, ending in five leaves, in a long tuft toge- fiber. Trib* i 6. i.LtUcfiu Syrian flare ctralto. Tfe« blew Pipe tree or Lilac, TheTheater of'Plants. Chap. 52. 1467 3. SyringaPcrfica five Lilufoltjt iacifis P cr!icam } laimmim Perfuum aiflura. The blew Pcrfian lafmine or Pipe tree. 4 Syr'nta/’orc a\b.i fimp ici. The Unglc white Pipe nee. 5. Syringa At died flare dup'.icK The double white Pipe cu-c. :fS *| 5 k ! I •1 1 !»‘'r i- •! m m Tjfhj W Tkeatrum!Botanicum ther,hanging downe.and are of a hr all lent; the flowers being paft, there come fomecimes, but not often in out Country,long and flat cods,confiding as it were of two fides, with a thin skin in the middle, -wherein are contai¬ ned two long flattilh red (cede : the rootes are llrong and grow deepe in the ground. a. Lilac five Syringa fieri Utteo five argent eo. The lilver coloured Pipe tree. This Pipe tree differeth not from the former,either in liemmeor branch,either in lealeor flowers.or manner of growing from the laft, but onelv in the colour of the flower,which is of a milky filver colour, which hath a (View of blew therein,comming fomewhat neere unto an aflicolour. 3 • Syringa Perfca five Lilac Perfcum incifis foliys lafminnm Perfcum clichim. The blew Per fun Ialmine or Pipe tree. This Terfan Iafmine (or Per fan Lilac, whether you will)is a Ihrub.or (hrubby plant, never riling into a tree like the former, yeclding many tvvigges, or ftems and fuckers from the toote, whole wood is loft having a pith in the middle, as the other, feldome riling above a mans height, having a fmooth blacldfh greene barke, with fundry winded leaves thereon, on all Tides, lome whereof as well thole below as above, will be whole without any divilion therein, relembling a Privet iealc, others will be cut in on the one fide or the other, or both, and di¬ vers will be halfe like,or wholly like the poftnre, and divilions of the Catalonian Iafmine refembling it io neere!-/ that thereby it esme to be called a Ialmine : at the toppes of the fptigs and branches Hand many tufts of flowers, in a long fptke,of fo.ure leaves a psece,fol:ketinco the tormcr Lilac, that at the firfl view of them you mav tmely, define it to be a Lilac, the colour onely excepted, which in this is more purplilh, and of as fweetea lent or la¬ ther flrongcr: after the flowers are paft,follow the like irr.all long blackilli leede, indofedin lomewhat long and pointed h.iskes like the former but letter. This doth in every pare, except the growth and leaves, come ncei eft to our ordinary Lilac,and doth in nothing but the leave - rclemblea Ialmine: for both the wood is white and pithy and the flowers grow in tufts or fpikes, and appearc in May when no Ialmine doth,but the Lilac : the feed like- wife is contained in hard huskes,asthe Lilac and not as the lafmine.hke a Lupine,of a fofc fabftance,and laifly the tide of this is (cm. what harfli, with lome altriftionin the end, and the Iafmine hath a bitter lharpe biting talic, and very aflringetst withall. Yet as I faid before, ihisismoftlikclyto be Serapio bis blew Iafmine. Theroote fpreadeth many branches with fibres to them, underground, and may very well be propagated by the (uckers: this holdeth his greene leaves in the Winter,no more then the others doe. Thisaflir edly is the Icfminum caruleum of Serapio, whereof formerly there was great doubt among Herbarifts whether there were fuch a thing in rerum natura, very many denying it.becaule they either never law this or ne¬ ver considered it. 4. Syringa jLr: albo fimplici. The fingle white Pipe tree. This Duflr never beateth any great ftem or body, but fhooteth forth moft ulually many pliant brow nifh twigs 01 fhootes, andgrayifh when they grow elder,being pithy in the middle like the former, ar each joync Hand two lea-, es lomewhat like the former,tut more rugged or crumpled, a little pointed at the ends, and dented about the e'ges: the flo-.vers grow at the toppes ofthe branches,many let together, confifting of foure leaves, as large as the Muske Rofes, and of the fame cteatr.c colour,with many linall yellow threds in the middle.ol a ftrong fweer, full and heady lent, not pie (r-g to a great many, by tealonof theftrong quickenefle of the fentafter which folloiveth the finite,flat at the head, with many leafy fcalescompalfingir, wherein is enciof.d Imall long iced : the tootes runne netdeepe intotb-groundnut Ipread with many fibres thereat. 5. Syringa Arabica jhre duplici. Hie double white Pipe tree. The double Pipe tree from a Ihort thickeftumpe, r.ot riling h-gb above the ground, fliooteth f.-rth disc r. Iona and (Under branches,whereon grow large leave-, fotr.e What tike unto the laft,but not to rough or hard, ... r dc - ted ;r ail about the edges, two alwaies Handing cne againft another at the/oynts, but fctor’dilpoleJ or. c.-.i-traty fries, and not upon two oaely; acche ends whereof come forth three or foure flowers, wre ry one on a ftr-'.kel-/ it Iclfe, which aie long and hollow below,like the white Iafmine, and have a double ro w of white romiipai - ted leaves; tireor fixe in atow atthetoppe, Iteming like unto a double white Ialmine flower tut Lv:mc with lome yellownefl'c in the middle, which is hollow, of a very flrang and heady Iweete lent like the fingfekindc, and abide long flowring.efpecially in the hotter Countries,but is very tender, and not abiding the leaft cold wt 1- ther with as,the cold windes greatly moleflir.git in the hotter Countries, and muft therefore be kept with us as charily as Orengc trees,or ratlier more. The PLiceznd Time . The firfl groweth in Arabia as cMatthiolm thinketh, who had it from Cmttantinop/e : but now is plentifully to be found in many Gardens of cur Land as well as others. The fecond is a ftranger with us as yet. 1 he third is very like to come firfl out of PcefajH the name importeth.it is now to be feenc with Mailer Tradefcant,iz South Lambeth. The fourth is almoft as frequent as the fitfl, but the originall place is not certainely knowne. The laft hath the originall from Arabia , as the name impoiteth. The firfl,fecond, and third, doe flower in Alay, the fourth in June ,and the laft later. The Llama. 1 Some have taken thefe to be kindes of lalini .es, and that therefore the Arabians Sdmbac, doth as fitly agree to thefeastothe Iafmir.es, for Cefalpmm taketh the firfl, which Mattbio/m called Lilac, and lo divers others after him,to be the lafmir.um ctruleum Afaaritamrunt, or the Liguftntm (neither of which itca-ibe, for the c rP r ‘« Plirij, as I have (hewed you before, may moft fitly be called by that name, and the blew Iafmine is as I faid -•■cry probable to be the third,which we call the Perfian Iafmine) C lt, f i,u fiamerariws and others, call it Syringa • 1 , Yc,and Label and others Syringa carnica Lufitanica, it is thought that BeUoniw underftandeth this plant,where oe latch mat the Tier bes have a flirub with Ivy leaves alwayes greene, bearing violet blew flowers on a long 1 oi- ked ilalke many together.of the bignefle and fafhion of a Foxccale.and thereupon called Foxetale in their tongue, yet this of ours beareih noc greene leaves in Winter, as Bclionim (mb.lib.3 .c-.50.that doth,whether it doe there¬ in differ from ours, or whether he be miftaken, it refteth doubtfull. Some tisLugcbiner.fi faith, have taken this plant to be the Oflryt 0 - Oflrya, of Thtophraftm, becaule it bcareth fmall leede like unto Barley, and feme would have the white Syringa here fee forth, robe his Oy?r^/likewife for the fame caufe, but I have (hewed you the .r-ue 0 •Irys Tbeorhrajii be fore,as Gtufm hath fofficiently declared It. The fecond is remembred in no Atithour hue Tribe 16, Tbe Theater of 'Plants. Chap,53, 1469 but the horttu Eyfietenfir. The third is called by Projper Alptntu., in his ftookz de plantij exotica Liguflrum nigrum } by which name itcame firftto Bauhinu* y is he faith,out of Italy , and afterwards from Signiou r Contarenibh Gar¬ den, by the name of Syringa UcimatU folijs, which he altcretb to Ligafirnm lacinhtis folijs y but itfeemeth he hid but onely a branch to lee, without flower,as it is in his defeription .and therefore could not further determine up¬ on it,but I have often feene it both in and out of flower, and doe he e give you both a full and true defeription of the plant, and the name that both we and Iacobus Cornutus let it out by, in his Booke of Canada plants, •zd*.. A gem - Ulag Perfamm y which as he faith fignifieth Lilac Perficum. A gem enim Perfideni ftgnificat, & Lilac florem, but came to us by the name of lafiminam /Vr/cww.becaufemany ofthc leaves are formed very like thole of Iafiminum Catolonicum y as I have {hewed you in the defeription, yet the trueft name to be impofed on it, is Lilac Perficum , as I have before fhewed you, and this is that Lilac laciniatis folijs t that J gave you undemanding of in my former Booke. The fourth is called Frutex coronarim by Clufiu* and Syringa alba by all other Authours but Label , who calleth it Syringa Italica, not chat he ever law it growing naturally \v»lde in Italy, but that he there found it very frequent in their Gardens, Tauhinus calleth it Syringa alba five phyladelpbus Athsnai. The laft is called Sambac Arabtimfive Iafminum ex Cjine , fo that it may not unfii ly be referred ro either, it is called Syringa Italicafiore albo p/e no, by Befier, who let out the great Garden of the Bifhop of Byfiot, although Bauhintu fcecne to make two forts of ic, ashiscuftome is in many other things,which ic is likely he never law,but upon Alpimu his refetnbling the leaves unto thofe of the Orenge tree, for thereby he maketh his diftineft ion. We may call it in Snglijb, either the double white Syringa or Pipe tree, or the double white Iafmine, according as ic is in Latine, which you will, although the Angle white hath nothing the likerefemblance in the flower to a Iafmine- The Vert ties, ThcreisnoufcofanyofthefeinPhyficke, that I know, and are but as ornaments in a Garden, and for the beauty and Iweeccneflc of the flowers there cherifhcd, unlefi'e any would make a perfume ofthc flowe'S, by m- fufingthem in the Sunne with oylcoflwccte Almonds, or draw aChymicall oyle out from the laidflowcrs, by diiiillation, onely the laft Alpmus fheweth the Egyptians doe ulc more for ornament to trimmeup and perfume themlelves, then for to helpe them in their difealev, neverthelcfle, they make faith he an oyle thereof, which their women uie in their bathings to mollifie the hardnefle and warme the coldneffe of the mother, for by their experience they have found it to be very helpefull for hard kernels and tumours in the flefh, and to caufc a more ealie and Ipeedy delivery in travaile of childbirth by drinking this oyle warme and annoyntiog the wombe alfo : Somculelikewifeto drinke that oyle warme, and to annoint the ftomacke outwardly therewith, againft the cough and fhorrnefle of breath,and againft the dangerous pleurilic, where one can hardly bring up the flegmc, or their lpittle,and againft Impoftumations in the lungs, and againft the violent paines in the ftomacke, bowels, or privities: the oyle is made after the manner aforelaid,either with oyle of Almonds or S efantum, and the flowers fteeped and funned. Chap, Bill. I. Oleander five Lauries Rofea , The Role Day or Oleander. SHereis of this Rofebay two forts, the one with ' ci imfon coloured flowers, the other with white, , which are both fo like in leafe and growing, that ' very hardly they can be diftinguilhed, lx fore they be in flower, and therefore one defeription flafll 1 rve for them both, and fo might one figure alfo, but that I had them both ready cut in my hand, as 1 had m3ny others,that are inferted into this Woike. Thcftemmc or trunke hereof growethin vimewithus (but much more in the hotter cli¬ mates) to be as big below asarealopable mans wrift, anddi- videth it felfe upwards into many ftalkes, three for the moft part riling at a place and from each of them likewise, three o- ther branches, and to by degrees from three to three,as long as it groweth, the lo weft part of thebranches being bare with¬ out leaves,and keeping them only at the tops al the Winter,be¬ ing long & fomewhat narrow,more like to thole of the Peach, then Bay tree, but thicker and harder, of a darke greene above and ytllowifh below, the flowers come forth at the tops one¬ ly of the branchesjof a deepe crimlon colour while they are in the bud, and being blowne conlift of foure long and narrow leaves, with round ends,Come what twining themfelves, ofa paler red colour,tending to a deepe blufb, and in the other are white, without any mixture of other colour therein, butthe greene leaves are paler or frefher: after which come long crooked pods, hard or wooddy almoft on the outfide, and browne in the hot Countries, but was never feene to beare ripe pods-I thinke in our Country wherein is contained brow- nifti flat feede,wrapped in a great deale of moft fine brownifh yellow downe,as fine almoft as filke, the pods being lomewhat like unto the pods of A/clepias or Periploca> but larger, flatter, andnarder. x. Oleander fiore ruhro. The Rote bay vwthred tiowers. 2 . Nerij 2. Nerijfaciearbor IndicA. An Indian Oleander-like tree; Became Lobel onh\y hath fet forth this branch comparing it to the Oleander, I thoughtgood co joyne it next thereunto, although wee have no further knowledge thereof then his relation which is thus. Seven or nine of thele together like unto fheathes of leathers foote, or a foote and a halfc long, every one of them refcmbling % llcnder Lam prey,did hang downc from one place of the branch, which was like a pithy Mai fh Elder knotty pale brownefticke, fonwrcly refemblingthecaft skin of a Snake, or the dead body it felfe, that it might very well fright children therewith, although fluffed on the infide with woolly skins, at the lame knot with thefe skins came forth fome flowers,growing out of fmall hushes, as the figure exprefleth them unto you. The Place and 'Time. ,J“ e J ^ lth red flo «'ers groweth in Greece,S f ame,ltab,&c. in many places but that with white in no place out Landj 9 thu wc can hearc of,and flower in Inly ,the other is an unknowne ftrangcr. The Names . . j ls . caI J ed ln £ recke N; ^ $ VoMM&v*)y VoleMw, Netixm, and Rhod en dron , and Rbodod pbnes, and fo alfo ,n f-awneby moft Authours, bat Zauru* Rofeaby Apulei M and Lobel^ndi Rhododaphne by CAmeraritu ,The laflisfo entituled and delciphered as I here let it downe. The Vertues . We have nothing to relate of the lath, but of the Rofebay, ‘Dirfcmd's faith it is death to Mules, Dogs, AfTes, and many other foute footed beads that {hall eate thereof,but that it helpeth men that are flung by Serpents, th| eaves and flowers,being taken in Wine, but Galen oOo. fi m plic, um , flemeth contrary hereunto, laying that out- ward y applyed.it hatha digcftmg property, but inwardly taken it is deadly, both to man and all fortVof cattle Mitthtolw therefore to reconcile thefe two fayings, finely defined, ‘Ditfc.rvU,, to undc.fland fuch men as are ,':"P° r . ftun | b l by luch as are m health and not flunq: For after the fame manner, Cantharides faith Avicen,dotb heipe thofe that are bitten byamaddogge, and Eaphorliamby the Scorpion, andfo likewife d vers other dangerous or deadiy medicines,refill the venome of other things: But (cedm would interpret it an- vr rr ^n fl ’ chlt » > n wardlyn was poylon, but outwardly applyed it did ref,ft it, and faith more- wardiv r l he flo "' rsa , rei ? ea fl'y> but in fome places and at fome times. Yet Biofcoride, words are plainc-, in- ^f a ;rhe t kCn ^ nd r rL V" k ^i n W !"e^vith fomeRire, and fo Pliny alfo relate* it, as taken from Biofclndee. Ga . ‘ ' f h /. h “ ^ f hiefeCharr ‘P 1 °ny n ^ r f lm S' n ^ Runni ng h ’‘i their backes paid with Rofebayes. The Ho- afAcomite r \ 0 wa ' ac o° un ted deadly, becaufethe Bees there fed on the flowers hereof, as well as onthofe cauphnrhefr hfn« h f T C ’ LucUn alfo ’ as th <7 write of themfblves, had like to have caught their banes by miflaking the fiowers,hereoffor Rofes,which fhould have holpen them. Cha. Tk I b e 16. The Theater of''Plants. Chap,54. 1471 Chap. L I V. Cytiftu. Tree Tretoile. S Aving in the lad Chapter (hewed you a Trcfoile Iafminc, which fome as I Paid, take to be a Cytiftu, I thinke it not amiffe to fet dcwr.e thekindes of Cytiftu, neat unto it, and becauie there is luclidi- verfity among them, I would diftinguifh them into two forts, that is, into the right Cytijm, and thofe that come neerefl untoit: and into abafiard kmde, that is fome that arc very unlike in ma¬ ny things,although like in fome,and others like in many yet unlike in fometthe fweecnefle in their tafte and whireneffe in their leaves and flalkes, declaring their nighntfl'e unto the true lort: their blackneffe andbitterneffe,to the ballard kindes: ot the full we will Ipeake in this Chaptered of the other in the next. Cytiftu Gfileuicredittu ,CMara«W£ Cormtut. 1 he luppoled tmzCjtiftu or horned trecTrefoile. ThisCytifut (as GWe» laith groweth to the height of the Myrtle, or as 'Thuy, Columella, and Sir abate, to the heighth of a meane treeJwhich many tookc as Lugdmenps laich,for no oiher then the Med,c,i Lmata , and is yet deferibed by "Befler, as it grew in the Bilhop of Syfiot his harden (to be in fome lore anfwerable to what Matthio- Am fetteth forth of it, for acknowledging his former errour, in miftaking the Tripoli,imcaballinum to be Cytiftu, and finding in Galen Cytiftu was a Ihrub and not an herbe, he (heweth this plant, which he received from Cortu- ftu as the right, and therefore could be no Medica, which is a lmall creeping herbe, as all the forts are) and grow- ethtobe two cubits high,covered with a grayifhor afh-coloured barkc, the wood whereof is firme and hard, the leaves are hoary white, as is the whole fhrub, and grow without order three together on long footellalkess the flowers are of a gold yellow fhining colour like unto Broome: the feede growetti in broad crooked cods, a. Cytiftu Creticxs incanm five SbcmuCrcticaBelli. Candy Trefoi!e,or Candy Ebony. This Candy plant rifeth up to above a mans height,that is,fourc or five cubits growing writhed or crooked, and of the thicknefle of ones arme, covered with an alb-coloured barke,the leaves are gray or white, longer and nar¬ rower then the former, and grow not alwayes three, butlometimesfourcorfivc, upon along footeltalke, the flowers grow at the endsol tlrebraiKhes, in a tuft together like unto thole of the Medow Treloilc, or common three leaved grade, of a gold red colour, and greater then they : in the middle of each flower (land many filvcr white fhining threds,as fine as haircs, kc in grayifhhuskes,wherein the feed is enclofed afterwards, which is like unto that Trcfoilc likewife : the wood is very firme and madie.and of the colour of blacke Ebony,from whence Honorius Belli , did call it fo. j. Cytiftu iucanui Germmicm, 7 he Germane hoary tree Trcfoilc. This Germane Cytiftu fhooteth from the rootefundry {lender hoary flalkes, with three fomewhat long leaves, at fundry places of them fomewhat hoary alfo on the bacfctfide.more then on the upper part,the middle rib being iomewhat great,of a kind of iweerilli tafte,and a little iweete in fent alfo .* the flowers are yellow like the other lores or Broome flowers, Handing many together one above i ■ Cyti'ut Gricni credits m uantba Comuiiu. another at the end of the branches, alter which follow hai- The Sippoled true Cytifu. or nee Ticfollc. ry, and fomewhat hoary, little long, narrow and flat cods, containing therein fmali feed like broome,tailing like a Vetch: therooteis wcoddy, difperling it lelfe under ground divers wayes. 4. Cytiftu Hisfanicm arbaretu. The Spamfh tree Cytiftu, or treeTrcfoile. This Cycifus rifethup with one fternmc ulually, covered with a darke gray ifh bar ke to the height o! a man,faith Clu- fiui InSpaine, but higher with us, Ipreading fundry fliort branches all about,\c hereon are lmall pale green:fh Tretoile leaves,on the upper fide,and let with a little reddifh hairs - nefle underneath, the yellow flowers are fomewhat longer then others, and come forth atthelooteof the leaves, in (undry places, ulually two or three at a place, which turnc into fmali (hoi t and flat cods,lcfler then Broome cods, and fomewhat blackilh when they are ripe containing fmali flat and blackilh leed within them us fmali as Broome feed, as we have obfetved them, although Clufuu (aith hee faw nones 5. Cytifut incamu major foli/s pmnatupve ejtlinti fpecies filter fi Clupj, The great hairy tree Treloilc. This groweth greater and move upright then the third by much, whofe branches alfo are thicker and more hairy: the leaves are twife as big.the flowers of a deeper gold yellow colour and the cods larger. 6 , Cytiftu Hijpanictu incamupvefexttu Clupj, The low Spani/b hoary Cytiftu. Thefhootcs of this Cytifus are not above halfe a yard long.flender and hoary,whofe Trefojle leaves on them have the two lowed (mailer then the middlemoft, which is twife as long, but of an hoary alh-colour,Handing on fhort footc- flalkes, ol an aftringent drying tafte,the flowers Hand with ' 1 l a j, 0ns , t i ,e Ranches,two Of th '« tQ g« h « Mcined by (oft hoary white htiskes, wharc- I, ' y “ ,* why C«r«-rf (hould call this kind efemper vtrens, and his Corretlor after him fo to let it paffc, I ownor, for neither C Input hrft fee it forth,nor any fince him that have written of it, have fo related it T , n 7\ AteSiriMiufivefeptimm Clttfij. The Anftrian or Hungarian low Cytifus. rhdly twl gS e f ot tl ] ls Cytifus are pliable andhard to be broken, ly?ng on or neare the ground,whicli n „ r |, °f l « avcs -unto the branches whereon chey hand without order upou long footeftalkcs, ilioi ter and eree- "“e hCttl : andmorehairy, grter.ifh above and gray underneath : the flowers nnU ' ° ° r C lree at 3 iaynt as thclaft and ac the ™ ds °f the branches alio,yellow at the firfl, but before they are Si dccpc that they iceme rctl wkha11: lhc cod - s are lmaU flat and ha!r >'> with T ,. . 8. Cytifm Pannomcut pvefeptimi/peciei altera Chftj The hoary low Ciftus the fWe«SfiS'l!l ke th£ 'u e fl l nd " pliable m 'V> lcanin S dovpilt: co thc g ro “ nd “ d leaves like them r the (lowers alfo are like unto them, but (land foure or five together, at the ends o( thc branches, and not at the joints in the lad: the cods and feede differ not thcre-from, but the leaves arc a little hoary, and fo are the cods T , ■ 7- Cytifusalbicans Alpinut , The whitifh mountaine Cytifas, .r 'i . dlfl ' i:rc " ce ln tb,s ; l as by the notes thereof appeared) from ochers in the branches or leaves, but that aclome places two or three trefoileteavcs, are fet at a joynt,and the flowers are paler, „ j ji - - „ I ? - binder oPlavus Gerarbt. Gerard his eighth Cytifus. • / rar , a P hisCorreftor after him,mention this Cytifus as taken from LobilznA Penn, when as it agreeth with neither ot thole that arc extant in their Adverfaria ,neither doth Banbirmt quote him for ic.as he doth alfothers thac o' k " e ( fjff° r the 0t 'Tabermmtmitt, which might leeme to be this, B.mbinm noteth to be his hir/utm , the are not feenr^thetgu'e. " la ‘ th ’ ! “ VES ’ whidl arc a little dentcd onth; « i. Pfeudocytiftu Hijpanicw primut. The firft Spanijh bafe tree Trcfoile, fcXhis firft bafe tree Trefoile groweth up to the height of a fmall tree,whote body and branches arc covered with a grayifhbarke.the younger twigges being hoary white,the leaves are many, and (malkr then in any other fort of Cycilus, three alwayesfeton aftalke, of a pale greene colour, and abiding in the Winter, con¬ trary to any of the reft,of a Hrrerifh tafle, the flowers are yellower and frailer then Broome flowers, handing a°- i: weie (pike hlhun ac the end called 2 l\[qC ytifus fecundui Hifpanicus by Label and Lugdunenfis, and by Dodontus Pjeudocytifus alter. The third is the Pfeudocytijus feunigtr Cordi, the Cytifus niger five major of Camera-ins, The fourth Cytifus of (flujius,the Cytifus minor oiCjefner, which Lugdxner.fis calleth Cytifus C/efneri^r.d by Bauhinus Cytftss ^laber nigricans.The fourth is th cCytifus alter minor of Lobel, which Eyfietenfis calleth Trifolium arborefeens, 1 he I ail 'Bauhinus onely hath defen¬ ded in his Prcdrontus , by the fame title I doe here give it you. The Vert tees, We have nothing recorded of any particular, any of thefc bale [hrubbes are indued withall, and although fome may tbinke, chat they^are of the fame quality with the former, I am not of that opinion, in regard they are all much more bitter then the former, and fome intenfively Litter, which can re no helpe to cncreafe milke,iii any creature, nor yet to fatten them as the former doe. 6. Cyiijus fade qu tbufdam Miff urn fruticans » A Cytifus-hkc unlike plant. Chap. L V I. Cupreffus, The Cyprcffe tree. Ome dec make two forts ofCipreffe trees, the male and the female, the one that fpreadeth more ■hen the other, which groweth more upright not much differing in any thing die, which ma- kcr'i me thinke the cli* ctlity rifeth from the foyle or fome ca(ualty,and chat the mile which fprta- dech is not a diftineft Jpecies, which preferveth the kinde naturally as all other things doe, elpecially tbeing a^ Theopkraftus Taithj the one doth degenerate into the other, and that both doe beare nuts and feede alike. 1 fhall therefore under one ini ke mention of both forts, if they be fo, and fhew you that the Cypreffe groweth to be a great tall upright tree,fpreading out the branches fo even round about, that itfeemeth to be (o formed by Art, being (mall below,not farre above the ground, then fpreading out larger, yet keeping a round clofc coinpaffe and afterwards fpiringupto the toppe, lefle and leflc, very well reprefenting a Piramis or Spire flee pie,the.body and armes are covered with a reddifh barke, the leaves are ever green,but Ioofing much of the verdure in Winter, which it regaincth the next Spring after, and fomewhat long, (lender, and flactifh round, parted very much and fomewhat refcmbling Savine, of a refinousfent and ftrong tafle .• fome trees are ieenc in fome places to be more fpreading in their branches, and not abiding fo clofe, efpecially when they grow old,and doe beare their (mall yellow flowers,and their fruite, or nuts, as they are called afterwards, which grow here and tncrc am on? the boughs,cloven or opening into divers parts growing ripe, but clofe and hard while they are young.of aruflet.browr.e colour, wherein are contained fmall brownifh feede, but not fofmallas metes in the S[mt)e i 2 S'JHfattbiolus and o:ncrs make them to be the roote fpreadeth much,but not very deepe : the wood is reddifh, very firme and durable, not fubjedl to corruption orwormes, but defending all other things, by the ftrong heady fent it Inch, from all mothes and wormes, it yccldcth out of the body of the tree, a kinde of liquid llofien,Iike unto that of the Larche and Turpentine trees, of a very quicke and fharpe tafle. 2. Cupreffus Americana, The Ciprefle tree of America. , Although r doc not take this to be a true Cipreffe tree, yet becaufe it hath obtained that na me bv all our travel¬ lers into me hether or No: theme parts of c America, where it is found in fundry Countries thereof, let me joyne it hereui.mil by a better regard 1 may place it in a fitter. It groweth in fome places to be a very goodly tallc-ec, .ifty s Ificty J yea eighty footc high, without any branch, and neere three fathome compafle at the lower end, and then fpreadeth fundry large armes and branches, befet with many winged leaves, which are very fine, fmall, fnnootri,platne,and net fquare,crumpled or plaited as the true Ciprefle is, and fomewhat longer slfo, fet on both ndes of the halkes, without any ccrtainc order,being not alwaies oppofite:the nuts are fomewhat like thofe of the Ciprefle but greater, \vith thicker.more open fcalcs and greater feede within them. The wood fmelleth fome- : Jr ' what 0 X BE The T beater of Plants. Chat, 56, H77 what fvveetc, which in pare caul’cd it to be termed a Ci- preffc. Whether this (houki be that Tlmja, ot Theephra- fttu,lib. 8.e.i5'thatisbothinftocke, branches,' leaves, and fruite,like unto the u iIdCiprefie.it were fomewhac worthy to be (canned, whofcf'ruitc it is likely, is that Habhel, tbac latn&Mns brought home with him inhis returlie from his travailes,and laid it was lo called in the half Count! ies.the fi¬ gure,wherof I here give you with this branch rthe nnt it lelfe doth much refimble the nut ot this.both for forme ar.d large thickeneffe of the fcales.This loofethhis leaves in Winter. The FI ce andTime . The ordinary Cyprcffe tree, groweth in furdry of the warme Countries, of the Levant, raftwards, and in many ofrhe Ifltslikewile in the tMediterrmean Sea, as Rhodes, and Candy, where it is fo familiar to the foile, that it fprin- geth up every where, of it owne accord, in the Mountaines Jda, and Louse, it the ground be birred a little, and that nothing elfe be lowne thereon, and beareth ripe fruite from September, almoll all the Winter.- The other is as is faid, in fundry Countries of the North America, whofe (eede was brought by Mailer Tradefcant from Viryima, and fown here,doe ipring very bravely.. The Names, It is called in Greeke as ode redd and zr eucieent see itvHV coed ar^s/eooas, idefi ,a partft parilinm ramoram, in Lacine • iefiteJ/umiejO' file Jaiivui, The CyprcHcrrce. W 4 CJprrJfiM, and Cuprajfus alio, The Arabians call it Sttro t and Seru, the Italians' CjfprcJfoy the Spaniards P.1 C)P res » the FrenchfDutchy and Engl/fi, Cypres , and the Germanes Cjprcffen . The Venues, The Cypreffe cooleth.bindeth, and dryeth without either heaceor'bitingfh^rpenefie, butio much as may put thea- ccrbity inadtion, yet it doth relolve and conlume humidi- ries,in putride ulcers, the pou'.her of the leaves with a little Myrrhe and wine,helpeth thole fluxes chit fall on the blad¬ der, and provoketh urine beir.g Hopped. and without Myrrhe the fluxes silo of the belly or ftomacke, bleedings, and ipic- t;ngs of Mood : the dcco&ion of them, performeth the fame like¬ wise, k helpeth alio the cough, and fhortnefle of breath, by taking faffing a fmail draught, ana if the I.ikc draught be taken every mor¬ ning for many da;es together, ic xvill helpe the rupture, lo as fome of the frefh leaves be applyed ajfo to the place, and well bound on ; which things the nuts do perforate inoreeff.dually, and in all fluxes ofblood and humours: the final! chips orrafpingof the wood, ta¬ ken in Wine provoketh womens courfcs, and helpeth the bit in' of the Scorpion, as alfo procureth a good colour to the whole body.* the leaves bruiled and laid unco frefla wounds that bleedc much, doth flanch the bleeding, and fo confolidateth the wound;being u- fed by thcmfelves, or with fine Barley meale, it helpeth Saint An¬ thonies fire, creeping ulcers, and carbuncles and the lores and ulcers of the privy parts in man or wo¬ man, and helpeth the inflammati¬ ons ofthe eyes, and applyed with a cerote to the ftomacke doth much comfort and ftrengthen it againft . callings, and other the paffions /thereof upon defluxions of fharpe Cupre/Tut Amricana^n Thuja TbeopbrafliCupreJTo (.milif 3 cti,us f uftai Habhel hutcaffimXatur. The Ameucan, or Virgin 1 - CyprcU© wyh the rhitfeHabhcl of ciujius whuhishkc uy‘° this. i: »>;p: * j J 1 : f :© pte yt m,. f li. fflr I- j as , 'Hmflr i '!«"• ri iWl Theatmm Botanicum , 1 rib e 16, 1478 Chap.57. humours thereon, the leaves beaten with fome dry figges,doe tnollifie the hardneffe of tumours,and of the tefti- cles.and eonfumeth the ?o!jpus of the nofe, which is anexcreffencc or peece of flcfh growing therein : the fame alio boyled in vinegar and made up with the meale of Lupines,caufeth rugged nailes to fall away, and helpeth the tooth ache,the mouth being often walhed therewith : the fame alfo taketh away the Morphcw, freckles,lpots, and the like in the skinne, the nuts boyled in Wine,and the haire wafhed therewith,caufeth them to grow black, and if the afhes of them be mixed with the (souther of a Mules hoofc, and oyle of Myrtles, it will (lay the falling ofthem : the branches and nuts of the Cypreffe being burned,driveth away gnats,and other (uch like troublefomc flyesr the leave* being laid among feedes of any fort, will keepc them from being eaten with wormes, and the wood in Wardrobes will prelerve garments from Mothes: the wood it felfc is in no age fub/efttothe worme, neither will the lent decay in many yeares, and therefore ifiuch defired in cherts and boxes, Thevet reporteth that he fa w at Damiate in Egypt, a Cypreffe chert that was digged ten foote deepe out of a moarifli ground, and found uncorrupt in any part,which as was likely had lyen there fince Sultan Selim lubdued Egypt in the yeare. 15 >2. Chap. LV 11 * Arbor Vita. The tree of life. His tree being in fomc fort like unto the Cypreffe, I thought goodtojoyne next thereunto. Itri- fethtobcarcafonablegrcatandtalltree, ftanding long in a place, covered with a datke reddifh barke on the body,but more ted on the branches, fpreading many branches, and many fmall twigges bending downewards, which and the long leaves,that come from them, on both (ides are flat, and plaited or braided ,as it were like abraided lace,of a darkeyellowifh greene colour, foftand not hard or pricking, abiding greet,e, alwayes fmclling without falling away, and rafting fomewhac rtrongandrefinoos, not pleating tq many, but ready to provoke carting, yet very cordial!, and pefforall alfo to them that can endure it, at the ends of the branches come forth fmall moffie ycllowifh flowers, which turne into fmall fcaly yellowilh heads, wherein lie fmall and Iongbrownifh feede : the wood isfirme and hard, and of a brownifh colour. The Place and Time. It firft was brought iromCanada by the French, in King Franc it the iirft his time,and prefented to him, andlromthe enercafe thereof, is lpread lufficiently through all tire Countries neere it, and flowrethin Aprill ,and Oltay, and the fruite istipc in Auguft and September . The Names. This being a new found tree,hath no true.suncient Greekc or Latins name to call it by, for although rnort that have written of it, referre it to rhe Tl.uja of Theophrafim,lib. yc. y. which he compareih both in branches leaves and fruite, unto the Cipiefi’c tree, yet Omncftmilc non eft idem, and although ic hath fome likeneffe in the leaves, yet foie is not in the fruite, and 1 verily belnevc, that it is propriumfuige~ was, not to be parallelled, or made the fame with a- ry other w'e have, as moft of the trees and herbes of America , arenocequall to chofe that grow in rope, the hethcr part of Africa ind ot A/ia the Idle, as experience fheweth. Lugdttnenfts maketh it to be bis Thuya trrtium genus, Some would make it a kinde of Cednu Lycra, but that bearech ed berries, which this doth not. Some alfo have called it Ar~ bor paradifea : but it was prclcnted to tilt French King by the name of Arbor Vitafinx. upon what rea- lon or ground I know nor, but ever fince it hath con¬ tinued that name of the tree of life .Clujius and Bau- htniu fay, that Tome would referre it to the Bruta arbor Pliny, but that as he faith hath whitifb branches, and iweete being burned. The Virtues. Although we have no forraigne experience to reportunto you, yet upon tryall ofthe leaves by fomc in our ovine Land, we have found that they that were long time troubled with a purulentous cough, and fhortneffeof breath,have beer.e much releived and holpen thereof, bytheufeof the leaves taken farting with fome bread and butter,as the mod familiar way for fome few dayes together,thereby expefforating the flegme Huffing the lungs, and fo cleering the paflages.as they found much good by it,and doubtlefle the refinous fmell and tafte.abiding dry- ed as well as frelh, doth evidently declare the tenuity of parts therein, and a diverting and clenfing quality, which 1 ‘ »ny would put into aftion they fhoqld foone fc$ the effefl. Arbor Vita. The tree of life. Tr.i b k i 6 . TheTheater of ‘P Unis, Chap. 5 8. i/^c Chap. LVIII: Tdmarlfctts, The Tamariske tree.’ Hare three or fourc forts of Tamariske,to bring to your confideration,one whereof was never pub- lifhed or made knowne to the world,before I gave you a hint thereof in my former Bookc, which I meane to rankc with the reft here. i. 7 amarif cm folio latiore, The germane or broadar leafed Tamariske. The broader leafed Tamariske groweth but low in fundry places, over that it doth in other, fori have obferved it growne in fome places where it hath ftood very many yeares to be a reafonab.'c great tree,whole barke was fomewhat thicke and rugged, of a darke reddifh colour, the younger (hoetes being reddilli at the firft fl grecne after,and blackilh when they arc dry, befet all about with fine long darke greenc leaves, as it were cra¬ ped becaufe they are to fmall and fhort,that ftand about the longer, yet are they greater and broa¬ der then the French kinde .* at the end of the young fhootes come forth a long fpike of flow¬ ers and leaves among them, each flower being made of five purplifti leaves like threds,divers ot them (landing in a greenc huskc together, in which htiskes when the flowers are paft, grow feede lying among them, which together are carryed away with the winde : the leaves fall a- way every Autumne, and fpring anew in the Spring. t. Tamarifcuefolijs albidij. White Tamariske. Of this kinde I have feene another fort very beautifull and rare, brought me by Mafter Wil- iiamfVArd ’ the Kings chiefe fervant in his Gra¬ nary, from his houfeat Roram in FJfex, whole branches were all red, while they were young, and all the leaves white, abiding fo all the Sum¬ mer,without changing into any fticw of gr ene like the other,and fo abideth conftantly yeareaf¬ ter yeare,yet (bedding the leaves in Winter like the other. ?. Tamarifew folio tenttiore The French or finer leafed Tamarike.' This finer leafed Tamariske doth in many pla¬ ces grow but into a fmall (hrubbe alfo, but in o- thers into a great thicke and tall tree, with many fpreading armes and branches, wh©fe leaves are let in the fame manner, and grow after the fame fafhion, but finer and (mailer like unto Heath, of a grayifh grecne colour: the flowers are lmal- ler,and grow fpike fafhion like the other, beiag purplifti at the firft, Luc white when they are blowncopen, confiftingof five leaves apeeoe, which turnc into downe with the fmall feede in them, and falleth away as the W illow and Pop¬ lar doc, but Lobel faith, they turne not into downc,bucthe fruice is round like Olliveftoncs, which as he faith being laid in the Sunnehave ftirred to and fro for three dayes together, having a worme within them, which was the chiefe caufe of the motion, and having made a hole in thegrainecommeth forth : which ofthefe is trueft, feeing both affirmc the matter as eyc-wit- neflfes of the relation,I know not, never having feene the tree bearc out his frnitc or feede with us. 4 * Tamarifcw *s£oyptiagaiitvferens. The Tamariske. This tree groweth in Egipt t and other places of Syia^Arabia^wd Turkic ^Bellonius faith, who obferved it to be a wondrous great and high trec.growing as well in dry ground as in moift, whole woods of them growing to¬ gether in each foile, whole kind is of this laft delcribed, but befides, it beareth fmall hard excreflences, like unto great Gaules,of divers formes,fome Ionger.fome Chorter,fome broad,others thicke or (lender. The Pl«ce and Time. The firft groweth naturally in Germany ,in divers places,and as Cordus (aith,he obferved two forts, one growing neere the River of Rhine with a finer lcafe,and firmer wood, and a little pith, and another about the Tlanubius or Danow ,with broader leaves,and not fo firme wood i The fecond is declared in the defcription s The third grow¬ th not onely in Narbone^nd about LMompelicr } but in Spaine in divers places, as Clufrus fetteth it downe: the Uft in Arabia,Fgypt^nd the places neere thereabouts, they flower about the end of or in Iune ) and the feed is ripe and blownc away in the biginning of September. The Names'. It is called mGreeke puejitn i n Latine alfo Myrica^ and Tamarix, but of divers Tamariftus, and by Pliny Bri4 Jy vcjtrit m Ac oaia as Lugduncnfis faith. The firft is called Tamarifcus ,and Tamarix humilu by £ ordus and others. t TAyiica fiveTamarijcut fpecicrum, T amaiiskc of three for is. 148c Cha P.59. ; i centrum \Botanicum . T KIBF l6 and Tam.mfa,' Gcrmjr.ic,, by Label, ail others cal] it Mjriea or Tamn-i*. Mvcftri, or altera. The feconcTwi, andTt’h-rs H ^ ave 8 lven lr - 1 he third is called Tamarifau or TamarixNarionnfis by Laid, SS*’ tl fW" d Tamarifcw fy l veflrt by Clufm and ^.W.and TarnarJuJLsm.mL nrhrr^ hu 7? // ^ Th 3 * IS Caken C0 be the Africa znd Ttmarix fativa of Diofcoridesfry CluCiM. Cor dm and mH J U ' The ca ““ Cherm «l cl > and the forme? (JrJrfaTZt baum odtrholtz the Dutchrf^rZ^ and Tamargueira, the French Tamtrii, the Germans Tumartfchen jthe inch lamarfchen s and we in EngliJJj the Tamariske tree. _ TheVertucs, rherem^i.r , is ° fa denfing and cutting quality,without any tnanifelf drying, yet it hath a little • r, n,blIC ch ® ^ rtlIt ' c and barke are ir.uch more drying,and is very powerfull a^ainft thenardneiTe of rhr f„u„‘ ‘ DUce ZXl ? VC r ?T gbrand,CSbe >’ led “ Wiuc or vinegarurnddrnnkeandapplyed^^ outlrdJ^o the tin', of blood and 1 “ ^ ^ ‘ n V Y !ne and drunk,,s S ooci today the bleeding of the hcmorrhoJiall veines the fpit- SpS«Stt^v 510 °»V U .? d, ? S ''“T'^nd W P“ h thejaundife,andthe chollick.and the bningfolfhe the. more rn all rh ’ ^ V ‘P- c ^ ni ?‘j other venemous Serpents.except the Afpe. The barfce is as cffeftuall or ra- wafh-drhJ^ , n c i pll i rp0 [ esa Orc!;,ld,anaboth ' rand:heleavesbo y lcdin wine > an d the mouth and teeth often rest wa eimfodh PCth t° P ^ lnt0tbe cares cafeth the P*™*. »nd1s good for the red- ulcers the fliH d ft. eycs!t , h , e fald dccofllon v - 1 th lumc honey put thereto is good to (fay gangrenes and frcttiim fill to wafte and COa r'° n ' S §°° d t0 wafia tbo,e thit «> K«* nks. The wood is held fo power! fi s wine drinlce „ r " ra ”f the ba ?* nc(rc of the fpIeene,that(although it is likely to be fabulous that is faid thereof) they will be found “ r . e tl,e . Ir wai111 out of the toughes made thereof, it will walfe their fpleene fo much astha- t he re fore to drinkf^ 11 ”^ 1 ^ 01 " a,Kt 3 wh J ' le ! but lt fhewcth that is vcr y effcfluall to confume the fpleene and wood are ufed for ™ c ofcannes or cups made thereof, isvery good lor (pleneticke perfons. The aihes of the dings of fire or ware th ' ,fo,e 'af d efFefls.and befides doth quickcly helpe the blifters raifed by burnings or fcal- ufe^he wood hereof co cure STwrHT 'f”£“ u * Sl ™ h it, that the Egyptian doe with as good fucceft luck as 3r«“ • . ^ Ure the trcnch difeale,as others doe with Lignum Vit£ y ox Guajacum. and give it alfh m fcomXha P rdnel'?d es ’ of ' b ' «**malleable alfo to helpe the d™ P (ie, arifins and cblfrudfion of the fpleene as alfo Melancholly.and the blacke j'aundile that arifeth thereof Chap. LI X. Erica. Heathe.' Ranrfpr^ r 'cs t j 15ny ^ or . tso ^ Heithes, and therefore to avoid confufion 1 mud devide them into foure low Pi^° r T. rders ths brfl oi tho,e wl,o(c lcay r sa rc like Tamariske,the fecond like unto the Heathe- keare bei hits ''''™‘ ChC thlr<1 iS ° f ttl0lC tbaC lyC ° r leanC downe co thc 8 round > ,Q d the lad of thofe that aiut^ru. Cerumen Heath. i. Encavu'gari^bafatior. Common rough Heath. Tk. ! B K l6 The Theater of'Plants. Chap-60, 1481 1. erica vulgaris. Common Heathe. The Heath that groweth mod frequent in our Land, isalovv fhrubby plant, little above halfe a yard or two foote highjWith rough wooddy browntfb (hikes and lundry branches,plentifully Aored with (mall fhorr greene leaves like tothofe ot'Tamariske, foure ufuatly fee together, from the middle to the ends of the branches, Hand fmall bottle like bright purplifh flowers at feverall dillanccs about the llalkes, and ending in foure corners, in which grow fmall ltedc when they arc palltthe roote ipreadethdeepe, lometimes this is found with vt htte flow- Flotealh ers.but very fcldome. 2. erica vnl?Arii hirfutior, Common rough Heath. This other Heath groweth like the former in all things, but iomeu, hat higher,the leaves whereof are alike alfd, but more rough, and ofa hoary greene almod white : the flowers alfoaie like, but lomewhat falcr, and herein confi(leththe !5 chicfcft difference : the rootes of both grow downe.and are ftrongly fallned in the earth : theleed is like,and fo is the roote. 3. gricaGrua Pher.a diCht. The Greckilh common Heath. Bclhmm in his firft Booke of Obfervations, and the 5 3. Chapter, thac giveth us the knowledge of this Heath, faith, that meeting certaineboyes that had gathered bundles of Heath about Syderocapfa in Macedonia to burne, which they called Phan*, wasdefirous toknowthe difference betweene it and common Heath, and by them he learned this, as one efpeciall note of differencc,that it is eaftly pulled up by the rootes, without any iulUuraent to digge the ground,when as the other common fort cannot be gotten out without a fpade to digge it. The Place and Time , The firfl groweth tftfoughout the Land in watte grounds.that are called Heathes, becaufe this kinde of plant groweth mod plentifully thereon t the lecond groweth on ivindfor Heath, where Clnfius faith he found it, and the lad in many places of Greece,the firlf and lecond arc found fomccimes twile flowring in the j eare uluallys in Inly ana AnguflpmA fometimes in the Spring alfo. The Names, The genera'll name for Heathe in Greeke is t utTetralix by the Athenians as Pliny faith, in Latine Erica; and of lomc Afyrirnqmiftaking it, ye:by farm sifara ,but that particular fort here flrewed von in the third place is called Phana now adayes by the Greekes. Marcellas was in a vtry great etrour, that made Heath a kindeof Broome,becauleit ferveth to the fame ufc,thatis,colvveepe houfes. I he firft is by all called Erica vulgarity and Erica Myricafolioby LobelmA fluftm who alio fo calleth the fecond.,which Bauh'mw laiih, lometooke to be the Selagofl'miy. The lad is ludiciently exprefled in the defetiption, and here before. The Italians call it Erica, the Spaniards QttctriSjthe Erench'Eruicre , the Cjermaties and the 'Hatch Hcyden t and we Heath, Chap. LX- i. Erica feru folio maxima alba t The great white flowred Heathe. lfr=atWXS : His Heath groweth the greateft afany, even as tall H as a man, and yec fometimes much lower, with wooddy brownedalkes and branches, the leaves being fmall,round arid fhort, lomewhat like ihole of Coijy let in a quadripartite forme, or erode fa- fhion. the flowers hkewile grow fottte togetherar a ipacc, from the middle of the branches upwards, forming a very long fpike ofa foote long, and arc like imall long and hollow white bottles lomewhat fweete.the leede and rootes ate like the for¬ mer kindcs. a. Erica Co is folia maxima pttrpt/rafcens. The great purple flowred Heath. This dlffereth from the former in nothing, but in having (knderer dallies,yet as high, and in til. flowers, which are long and hollow like them,but ol a purplifh colour. Another like hereunto Matthulm lecteth forth with flowers onely atthetoppes of the branches. 3. £ricama]orfloribtts exherbaccopurpurcis. Greene Heath with purplidi greene flowers. This likewifc dlffereth little from the lad, but onely that it is lower and more largely (p'ead,and hath darker greert leaves, foure fet together all along the branches, and flowerslikewife up to the toppes in forme like them, but of a whitifh greene purple colour being fully growne. 4. Ericafcoparia. Erufh Heath. The Brufh Heath groweth dole and round, with fundry flender branches, and fmall greene leaves on them, which quickely fall away from the dallies being a little dry, and the flowers two together far the mod part, fmaller then the for¬ mer, and ofan herby greene co'our, but hollow as the other: befides thefe, it likewise fotnerimesbeareth Imall fcaly heads oflcaves,like unto thofe of the common hard Time, 2. Erl'a Coris folia maxima purpurofeem. The great purple flowed Heath. 5 * Exit'dpttmila Belgarttm Lobelij fcoparia nofir as t The low Dutch or eur Broome Heath. This Heath groweth low and fhort, hard and brittle, with blackifh ftalkes and brownifh branches, and fmall grecne leaves like thofe of Tyme fee on them, lomcwhat hairy, buc foure together as in che reft ; the flowers grow live or (ixe toge¬ ther at the toppes of the branches, hollow like the reft ; and of a pale purplifh colour. 6 . Erica fcoparia altera. Another Broome Heath. This other differed) not much from the laft, but in bearing three leaves at a fpace s fomewhat broader then che other,green above and gray underneath, and a little hairy with ail s the flowers likewile are many, and Hand three together, at the toppes by equall diftanccs, turning all one way, beingfome- what larger and greater bcllycd, but of a deeper red colour then the lafl. 7. EricaCoria folio quinta Clujij. Clufvu his fifth Heath, with triple branches and leaves. This triple Heath groweth low, and with (lender branches, three ufualiy let at a joynt, and three fmall thinne leaves like- Wife fet by fpaccs thereon, in an even order or manner, the flowers grow from the middle to the top,fome what large, ma¬ ny together at the /oynts,upon longer footeftaikes, and are of a dull or dead purplifh colour. 8. Erica virgata Jive fexta Clufij. Small upright Heath.without branches. This Heath hath fundry hard and upright flalkes riling from the roote, fcarfe a cubic high, being all Angle, without any branch fpreading from them, and covered with an alh-cplou- red baike, at the leverall joyncs whereof come forth divers imall darke greenc leaves hu fains together, and towards the tops fundry hollow flowers* like the reft (landing together by paces,ofamoft bright deeps crimfon colour hanging downe* 1484 Chap„< 5 i, Theatrnm Botantcum, T R I B I 16 EKffiS**” yon nndet ® and that all theft fcrts beare fmalTfeede, . jfchtwgh j^ni>t..nicntionei Thi s llr,n g eplanc(wh^ Bruneian his Garden,yet would joyne ic in the end of his Hpar-h^’ -f, ?• Rowing in a pot, in ('JKounficur d Heath indeed.when as he made another ££ Z ^wastry k4 \o be at’indenf^ T ° f 3 ftra "8< a ? in the fame p»ge,and the next line unto th !s , he himfelfe doth fa , , , Thu f/ac^tnd Time, c laith, that be found the firft in firdry parts of Port avail nnr fa,™ r,„_ r ssaassp^^ ca&sigaitt September a- in old Ca/?i/« and ilJ£? Thelaft wask ln flo ^ >" it,neither can I fav mire oFit • They flower moft of hem w ft 7 w , hence 1C came t0 h ‘ m tila c had longer, and feme beginne fborier . ” m 1} and A ^’ and y« &« continue in flower T , c n r a \ - The Nantes. calleth tlKkcondtripcrifiliaail^ fi-uriew ' B ^/ s °f Plants, and Label & ith Label ericapumila Be/ajlf ZfZ mZ7 ‘ '' , ‘ S t 1 h, «« mh £nc “ Carl, folio with Chfiu, file, which ^^cUMcih&faZKripfi/Ztaff^Thflcl'cnzhilffifLhkZuhf^^’^ff^Z^t' 1 ^ nm moKlhencateniisperiotervallaramuli, Theeiohrh dir, W r ^'■r«cor«/o//» J w h lc n ^»4;- £ricapa m iUcalicaUuu^fiorc. The .ailis entitled by 1 UM n A/£aIIe ‘ h Chip, I. XT. 1. Encapmcumbeia fvefapina paUide purpurea. Pale purple creeping Heath. ^^^ern^fd'^dl 1[ ^ !hman r r0Und browne ftalk «* 3 foote long or more, leaning t J ! « fmall 1-a-es" fcureTf, and ‘ omejmes takln S r °°tt agatne as they lye,about whom are fit many [on- ; 'ififl (landing’t the topnes oHhe hra" d | , °'? C l t,rnC fiv f K a P lace * tl,c ^wm are of a pale purple colour® *rt • it t t 1 . s * ^ riCil f li p ina herbAcea % Theereeneflowred Heath acrolle derion, tl^flowen” 15 ltalkcs > lca ' fc afoatc ^.branched forth, and foure leaves at every place,'fee rowardTthe being'fSl 4> E " U M m " m Uim ***■ <>« Englift low Sea Head,, and hollow, with fouie ends like the reft, but of an h:rby or greene colour: the feedc is like the other. 5. Ericafnpin.i earned. Blufh coloured leaning Heath. This low Heach gro.-veth not higher then the latt, but much more beautifull in that, although the ftalkes be bhek- ifli and {lender, leaning to and lyingonthe ground, and the leaves (land by three at every {pace all along the branches: yet the flowers that grow at the ends of them, are of a fine flefli colour, hollow like the reft, and ending in foure pomes with eight blackifli threds within them, and a purplifh pointed in the middle; this hath alfo fmall blackifh feede, this is often found with leafy greene beads like thofc of Time.' -r u - r r ,, rj 4 * Erica fttpin* maritima Anglic a. Our Endijb Sea low Heath' mjene lewenap » Aetopp^whatrhe'fl 1 ^'* er* ^ a ' kes 1 ^ b ”"ches, *nd thiieon viry fmall blewlfh continuinglong'in flower and colour. ‘'°' V " M man y together as in others, of an excellent purple colour. The Tribe i 6 . The Theater of Tlam, -t-l c„n r'l r c , • „ , The Finer and Time. Hmgarj and flower at the ume reft^The ultwaT’ d"h fo !,, “ w,Te tfle boond, and the third in T ™ relt • Tlie 1,11 was by Lob'l ’ about Pcrfmomb i„ our owns Chap. LXII. Erica 6aciftr*fi«£ln Mr. Whiteberryed Heathe. B ffcwbfeberryedHcatiirifethupwithftalkesacBbitbighdiflributed into branches r, , with.a blacker barkethen any ofchcrefl,theleaveslikewife chat are frr' ■ i cs > “ n ^ both covered are of a blacker grecne colour, and ofa little he.ting«wdl!as b'ndZ full nf, bra 7 e . nilmn g or tranCparent white berries like almolt unco darke pea, les Tar the r’r nr '. !ndry Somewhat like unto the former, at the firft of a f f rv ; p and fomt times What fharpe and biting upon the tongue : the flowers ftand at the i nv „re a, .1,. 1 J m S ca(ie > and after lome- tiri n k /I. J t, . o j iuuic wijdi ukc unto cnc rormer, at the firff of a Hmi cnndfH iarP f J e d bl , tlng “P° u the ton §“ e thc flowers ftand at the joyncs w iib the | c 2‘ 8 fte ’ a ? d aftcr !ome ' confiftwg of three leaves a peece, ofa whitifbgreenc colour, with purpffia thredlu- t0 f ards t0 PP es > intolmaU bheke berries, like unto Iuniper berries,with a darkepurphfc ,W whh£ * hcm J whlchturne g lar gtaines or feed within them like wile. ^ nthem, and many triann r] r c ., , Tk« Place and Time. . . Zf U . ai1 ^ 5on ^y ^undthefirftnotfarrefroaiZ^^wffin Portuaall andrhmr^ u „•»» and Septa, and we may lay in £»jWand JV,/Walfo in many placed and fl ! ° i°” r Hl !s of /1 " ,lrU reftjor rather fomtwhat later. * and ^wcrat the fame time with the Tb p c n ■ , The Names, ■ Erica baccifera frufiu al&o, White berrycd Heath, . Erica bjcdfera ni^ra. Blacke be it' ed Heath. 11 1 rap I . 486 Chap.63' Tbeatrum 'Botamcum* Trib e 16^ tint/ elsC.M Tan,arinhera, m d the fruit eTnmtrinb*. Thefecond is the Ericabacciferaot Mattbiol* which Lo. -■?- - ■ —< <• - t- — Mattbioli, and is the eleventh Encacoru folio of : but this bcLLupdunenCis,cxtdTbttliwt call Ericabaccifera a_ . . 1t , c ■ ■ , - r , is not the Vaccinia palafiria Dodo net, before fee forth, which Luedanenfir cilleth Ertcabacctfera Doionei, not the O.vjcoccttm Cerdi, being all one. J The Vertues, I have referred the declaration of the Venues of all the former, unto this place, that I might (hew you them altogether Heath is fomewhat drying, and a little bitter withal!, except the berryed forts, as Clnjiut hath rela¬ ted bv the nfleofmoft ofthem. &,/« faith it hath a digefting quality, reviving the malignity of humours, by tranlpiration or fwearing; which a decoftion of the flowers beingdrunke, doihperforme, and thereby giveth much eafe to the paincs within the body, andexpclleththeworir.es therein alfo: the leaves and flowers made into a decoSion is good againft the (ling orbitings of Serpents, and other venemous creatures, and the fame be- in-> drunkewarme faith Matthiolm, for thirty dayes together, morning and evening, doth ablolutely breake the Hone and drive it forth: the lime alio, or the deflilled water of the whole plant, being drnnkeeafeth the cbollicke • the faid water or the juyee of the herbe dropped into the eyes helpeth the weakened of the fight: ChtCrne faith that Rmdeletim at Montpelier ufed the oyle made ol the flowers of Heath with good luccelle agair.ft the Wolfe in the face or any other foule or fretting and eating canker Ipreading over the whole face: the lame alio doth dilfolve tumours: abathe made by decoaion of the herbe and flowers is goodI tor them to firm, that are troubled with ihe Hone, or with the gout, for it giveth much eale tothem both: the white berryes of the Heath frith CUfut arc brought to the markers in Spairte, and there fold to give tothofe that havehot agues, to code the heate and quench their third ; and befides are much defired faith hee, of women and children, to Dleaid their pailate : the hony that che Bees take from the flowers of Heath is called mel tntprobnm, but we have not found any ill q laliry therein in cur Land : onely it will be higher coloured then in thole places where no Heath groweth. Chap. LXIII. Aprifliitmftve Aquifiliam, The Holly bufh or tree. Ome have thought that there are divers forts of Holly, fome trecr, fome (Stubs, fame with prick¬ ly leaves, and fome with fmooth, but the truth is,it is but of one fort, for although it hath bcene feene in divers places to grow to be a great tree, as Gefner in bar tit reporteth, of divers, and of one a- Curia thirty ioote high, whofe leaves were fmooth and not prickly, yet no doubt buc it rofe from a young fhoote that was prickely at the fitft, forwhiieicis differed to (lioote forth fundry roddes from the roote, or before any of them groweth to be great, the leaves are prickely, buc crowinnoldasthe//f.vdoth, itloofcththe prickles and becommeth fmooth, aind onely prickely at the end, and femecimesnot. It is withus moil ufually abulh, and with many Aiooces from the roote growing (lowly, un- lelfe the ground be not gravelly, wheieitmoft frequently is found, but more mellow and gentle; the outer barke whereof is of a fad grecne colour, but ic hath alfo another inward, which is whiter: the leaves are let on the ftalkes and branches on (horcfooteftalkes,;being fomewhat broad, hard, thicke and long, fmooth ihining, and of a very belli yellowifh greene colour, cut roundabout the edges, into round notches or dents, and every point of them very fharpe and prickely: the flowers grow clafe to the (Hikes, at the footeofthe leaves many comming forth cogether round about them, andconfiftof foure white leaves with foure chredsin ihe middle (landing about a grecne round head, with groweth to be a (mall red berry when it is ripe, like untoa Hawthorne berry, buc with a little Crowne at the toppe which parteth into foure (mail trian¬ gular ieede,with hard fhels, and a fmall fweete kernell within them, abiding on all the Winter, aimoflinms grcatell beauty ■■ the roote groweth deepe, the woodisfirme and hardly linking in water, and of awhitifh co l our - . 2. Aquifolium undiqtieechinatum. Holly with leaves wholly prickely. ^ This differeth not from the ordinary fort, cither in body, barke,fruite, roote,or ule, onely inthcleafe, which is no leffe armed with fharpe prickles, all upon as about the edges thereof. The Place 2nd Time, Hollygroweth in wafte and unfilled grounds, indivers Countries throughout the whole Land, andaslfaid fcldomc groweth with us to be a tree of any bignefle, itflowreth in Iune, and the berryes grow ripe, not untill the end of Ottobcr, and then abide almoftallthc Winter long, being frefheft at Cbrifimas, the leaves doe alwayes abide greene. The Names, Theophrajlw callcth it in Greeke which Gaza rendtreth Aquifolia, following Pliny therein, and yet he hath an Aquifolia Ilex , which is the Ilex coccigera declared before, by which name he would intimate that there is an Ilex, that hath dented prickly leaves, as the Aquifolium hath, and not that the Aquifolium is any kindeot Ilex, which beareth Acomes, and the rather in that the Aquifolium doth not endure fuch hot fixations as that Ilex doth : fome doe call it Agrifolium, as well as Aquifolium,Lacuna tooke it to be Diofcorides his fecond PaltUm rw, and Guilandinw from Pliny, the Crat£gu* of Theophra^HS^Tfodonaus faith that fome called it RufcMfylve- fii a , Cdfalpimti doubteth whether it may not be the Hedera rigens of Pliny, which he faith, fiat fine admmcxlo, and therefore j/oLj omniumgenernmob idvocata ciffos , none ofthefe Authours flicwingany prickles in the leaves of rhofc plants they let forth. The Italians call it Aquifoglioj the Spaniards Azebos ,the French Houx,z\id tiottfion, the Cjermanes JValddtfell, and of fome Stechender Palmen, as Gefner in hartis faith,which is Talma aculeata, With¬ out all reafon, ihe T)titcbHulfi i 2r\d we Holly,or Holme and Hulucr# TheVertues. , The berries are hot and dry, and of thinne parts, helping to breake winde faith e DodontnM, and there ore goo lo helpc the chollicke, lor faith he, I have ic fr.om them who have made tryall of them, that tenne ot twe_v o Tr I B E 16. The TheaterofTknts. Cha p.64. 1487 i. Aptfehum five AquifoLtum The Holly bufli or tree. x. Aquifohum folio Uni & aculeatototo. Holly with finooih leaves, and one all over prickely. A „d{ ink u & 4 ‘0 J fh * r : moi ft fl, PP cr jncirc may ^ove the belly downewards, and the berries being dry ed, and thereby havine lofl_their molfturc andflippermeffe, doe then binde the belly as we have knowne by many experiences - hut thl aike of the tree,or the branches,is held to be much more cffeftuall to binde then the berries: Matthiolm fiirh tat a dj-coaton of the rootes of Holly ("but faith he the barke of the roote is more powerful! ) tomemed on the mm *! hat , hav ' becne P“ tou [ i ot J o y nt ' dothhelpe thpm much, both to mollifie and difeufle the bardnefleand r~ e p ,CCS ga l h " n hcre0n ’ , and hd P Cth a,f0 ro “nfo'iiite the broken bones : fomce to tie the bran concetts of thofe tunes, wh,eh I would to God we were not even in thefe dayes tainted withal! The Bird! mo Phyfickc wiXuUCTtaine death or S dangeV. hat of Miffcltoe ' wh «cof neither is to be admitted into inward Chap. LXIV. Laurw. The Bay tree. I CwIT, e °n L TZ “ def ur Cd fUn i ry f ° rtS 0f p,ants ^ tl> = ancients > a<; L *«™ Ale XM iri„ a * rrearp " h' \ D "P h " e ’^ s > an ^ Launtt TTwM.and Ti^and others, whereof I meane not roen ’ h “ pace ’ fp° kf n o( them already in others, but of thole trees that are Droned J 1 called Bay trees which are two. onely knowne to us in emote, the one with broader rb i M ewe With a lefler leafe (and yet H'Uemm faith,he obferved five forts in Mob. t A,bo s a n d GV ’ /, ^ unto might be adjoyned the wilde Bay, but that I have (hewed you the forts thereo nano t -rni P WherC them I will adds another fort of r V e Indian Bay tree, lately knowne unto;" P ' mm * e w Lpuym I, Laursu major five latifolia, The greater Bay tree. This Bay groweth with us in many places, very high, fpreading armes and branches reafonable well, cove¬ red with adarkcgreenilhbarke, the leaves are fomewhat broad and long, hard,full of veiues, of a darkegrcene colour, pointed at theend;, and imelling fomewhat fwcete, but of abitter tall c, and alwaycs abiding on the trees, the flowers grow many together, and of a whitifh greene colour, afterwhich come iomewhat long and round berries, with a tough blacke skinne or covering, iomewhat wrinckled, with a hard firme kernel! within, parting into two parts, the roo'.e ibreadeth under the ground, and gtowcth deepealfo : the wood is firme, lmooth,and white. 2. Lauren minor. The leif; r Bay tree. The leffer Bay tree groweth not fo high, and doth runne more into fuckers or (Bootes, whereon grow imaller thnner, and longer leaves thcnol the former, yet fmelling well alio, the tell of the parts doe notvary much,but that the berryes be fmallerand round, r. 3 ■ Latt'US Americana creptes cortex Caffe liqnea multnm aJJimiUtar, "1 heflrange Indian Bay tree,or Caff a Ligueaof tile W elf Indies. I mud needs adjoyne this ilrange Indian Bay tree, both for the rarity and excellency thereof, which I take out of Tobias Aldinitt his deferiptionof lome plants that grew in Cardinall T.arnefius bis Garden at Heme, and grew from the berries were brought from the Wed Indies.in that Garden of the Cardinall 1620. which were blacke rugged,like Bay berries, and fomewhat long like Ollives, pointed at the end, and divers growing together ina bunch, each uponafhort footedalke, it fiiortly grew into a great height and bigmife, the leaves were very like unto Bay leaves,or rather inameanebetweene the great Kings Bay (which I take to he that we call Laurocera- fm) and the common Bay or the Citron tree, which being chewed, at the firft are fomewhat bitter, but after with a fweetneife have fome maccilaginoulr.efle or clammyneflcinthem, yet fmelling like the common Bay, whofe footeftalke is thicker then of them, andthcbranch.es fmallerand finer .■ but; faith it is wonderfull tolecie fo much vifeide and tough clamminefle in them, which made a doubt with feme lorned Heibsrids, w hether it were not the tree of Cinamon,or otCaffia or Gar.cll, and that notby any light corjefiure, for GaraJas ab orta faith the leaves of the Canell tree are of the colour of Bay leaves, but neere the foime cftle Citron tree leaves, and all Authours writing of the trees of Cinamon or Canell, lay the leaves ate like Bay leaves the fruitc alfo by (jarrj.u of the Canell,is blacke and round ; of thebignefleofan Halell nut ar.d like an Ollive. Gotnara, Car ate, and Cteca fay that thefruite grow eth indudersor bunches, Accfla [hat the iruite is blacke and ibining, when it is ripe,the maccilaginous tafte alio in this plant, feemethtobe in that fort ofCaneil is thought with us tube the true Caffi aliened, yea the bed Caff:a with Diofccrides is called Daphnitis which is a word derived from Daphne which is a Bay_: but faith he, I will (hew you my opinion, that we have no true Cinamon,although 1 have read sf many that aifirme our Canell te be the true Cinamon of the Aunciems, yeti have faith he, many reaions a- Tribe 1 6. The Theater of Tlants. gainft it. CHAP.65. 148^ which for brevity I here omit, hoping to declare them in another place. The Tlace and Time, The Bay groweth wilde naturally in divers places of Narbone in France,Spaine ,and hah and in other warmc Countryes where it groweth very great,efpecially neere the Sea,but is wholly planted with us, or railed from fowing the berries::t flowrethinOWay, the fruite is fcarfe thorough ripe either in Oliobcr ,or November. The Names, It is called An'®™ in Greeke, ejuafi quoiufta valdefanet, for nothing doth more crackle or make a noife in the hre then it: in Latin c Laurm •_ much Gentilifme might be inferted hereof Daphne the Daughter of La r"» w 1 hom zApollo overtooke flying from him, and by the implored aide offer mother earth was transformed m:o a Bay,from whence caking a branch,he in honour of her,crowned himfelfe: but under this rugged fhell hid a (moother kernell: for the Bay was a token of prophecy, and hy ApoUo isfignified wifdomel that is that wifdomc doth forefee events, when the paffionsbe overruled : asalfo that they wore a Garland of Baves to bo Kept late from lightening and thunder: that wifedome knoweth how to avoide the judgements of God when foolifhnefle is liable to them,and mult undergae them. The Arabia *r call ic q*urm C,ar the Italians Lau a the Spamards Lanrerro, the French Lamier, the Germans Lorbeenbaam, the Dutch Lmrmtmk and we the Ran the berryes are called in Greeke JltpA-hs, in Latine Lauri bacca. 1 , The Vert ties. Galen {iich that the Bay leaves or barke doe dry and heale very much,and the berries more then the leaves • the barke of the roote is lcffe flaarpe and hoc, but more bitter,and hath fome allriftion withUll, whereby it is effertu all tobreake the ftone, and is good to open the obftrudtions of the Liver, Splcenc, and other imvard parts as the dropfie and jaundife = the berryes are very effeftuall againft all venome, and poyfon of venemous creatures and thelfings of Wafpes.and Bees, as alfo againft the pellilence, or other infefliousdifeafes, and therefore is out into iundry Trsakles for that purpofe : they hkewife procure womens courfes, and if (even of the berries be taken bv a woman in fore travel! of childbirth, it will caufe a fpcedy delivery, andexpcll the after birth alfo, and there¬ fore women with child that have not gone out their time, mull take heed of caking any, left they procure ana borfement.or dehverybefore their time: they wonderfully helpe all cold and iheumaticke diftillarions from the brame to the eyes, lungs, or other parts, and being made intoanele£hiary with honey, they helpe the con- fumption old coughes, (hortnelle of breath, and thin rheumes •• they likewife helnc the Meagromc.and miehti- lyexpdlwmde.and provoke urine, and helpe the Ventofiticsof the mother, and kill thewormes- the leaves worke alfo the like cffeRs, andboyledin fifta broth, give a fine rellilh.borh to mea eand broth, and helpeth to warmc the ftomacke, and to caufe digeftion,without feare of calling, which caken by therrifelvcs thev often- times provoke: a bathe of the deca&ion of the leaves and hrmpo !siinmiiirrToJk n .M„_ .... s . . * . . ca , ulc uisciuon, wunouc rearc ot catting, which taken by theaifelvcs thev ofrpn tnues provoke: a bathe of the decodhon of the leaves and berries, is lingular good both for women to fft in that thehl°dd W ' ththC TS"’ C u C d ‘ fea f Sthe /i of ’ or with thefto PP ln g s o'thfir courfes,orfor the dilcafes of the bladder, paines in the bowells by winde.and (toppings of urine : a decotftion likewife of cquall parts of Bav berries, Cummfeede,HyfTope, Origanum, and Euphorbium with fome hony, and the head barfied dierewitfo doth wonderfully helpe deftdlations and rheumes, and fetleth the pallate of the mouth into its place • the ovle which ,s madeof the berries is very comfortable in all cold griefes of the joynts, nerves,,rteries, P ftomacke belly or wombe, and helpeth palfies, convu lions,crampes,aches,tremblings,and numncfTc in any parr, wearinefte af- fo, and paines that come byJSFe travelling in wer weather, or foule wayes: all griefes and paines hkewife urn cecding from winde,either in the head.ftomacke.backe, belly or wombe, by annoynting theparts aff-ffed there" with, and by putting fome of the oyle, or boyling the berries in the decoftions for^iifters^ doth brfake w nd and eafe the torments of the belly by the winde chollike wonderfullyit helpeth alfo the paines in the eares c i heefome of the oyle dropped thereinto, or a dccoftionofthc berrie. brfng made to receive ihewarme fame thueof into the eares by a funnell: the laid oyle taketh away the markes of the skmne and fled,, by bruiles falls &c ‘ and difiolvcth the congealed blood in them: it alfo helpeth the icch,fcabs,and whealesin the skinne.’ ’ Chap. LxV. Arbutus cr Adrachne , The Strawbeny trees. |Hefe two trees doe both goe under one Engh/hmmt of che Strawberry tree, becaufethey are fo like Jthem"™ "fon"’ ln thc 4 growrh.leafe.and fruice, that one not very well acquainted with S onTcilapter! 0116 mldake one f° ran °'her, and therefore I have thought good to put thembothinto T[l - _ , Arbutui. The Strawberry tree with dented leaves. 1 his Strawberry tree (in fome places,as in Mount Athos, as Be/lonim reporteth, eroweth to be a tree of very hianJ.ff- C1B l hth and blgne(1 ^ In , mo!t Qclier P lac es it groweth but low, or raiher like unto a flmib tree then of anv erfrifino tromrh 8 r ‘ Ugged bar K°. n tbe and fmooch or red on the young branches.and having many fuck- ,l L V? h root f s > with faire frefh greenc leaves, fet without order thereon, very like unto Bav leaves dilla middlerih rtC f’ and fi " eIy d , enced 'he edges, and without any fent.asthe Bay leaves have, with a red- d n b (bmc L P Uccajblac notxl'nlly 1 ° with us, andabidingon the bullies like-he Bav ■ at thcendsof chw branches come forth long ftalkes.with very fine white flowers (etthicke together all the length of them whole bimmcs are a little red or blufli colour, formed like unto little bottles, or the flowers of Lilly convallv which being part,there rife in their places, (everall round berryes, creene at the firfi: vellmxnfh a^r^ir w e ^ in the narnralfw “'“r and fomewhat hoary witha H being full ripe, like unto a Strawberry, but mu!h greater in the naturall warme Countries.as greac as a plumbe, but with us,and in Ireland, where they have been!fo md fha°cTs I ifa'wIHde^la^tWm 0 ' 1 ft fp ' S a " d neere unt0 th efame, both forme and colour, tovCTCcj^ich^a thfoncTkini^ inC,0 ^ an aU ^ ere ta ^ e ’ and havingcettame fmall feedcs within them each of them i. Ill 11 ? d, oldrachni b I Ti : i 1 , 5. Admchne. T!ic Strawberry tree with fmooth leaves. This other, trawberry tree groweth low and never feene fo high as the former ; but fo like thereunto that it IS dilcerned from it onely by thefe markes; the barke of the tree and branches is not rongh or rugged,but (mooch and tedder by much, both m young a,, d old branches like unto Corrall, yet Thccpbrtftm faith it hath a white , arke, which ic ^ like he meanuhof the under or new barke thatcommeth after the old faliethaway in Samir er. oi.i c ie - > Htus doth not fo: the leaves are fo like unto Bay leave^being alio fmooth and not dented on the edges that they are onely dtftmguifhed from them by the fmdl, thde having no fent, and the berries hereof a, e of a arker red colour,and fomewhat more fweete, the other being a little aul'terc orharlh, and fo calling on die tongue in the eating, & b . The Flace and Ti me. 3 oththefe forts grow in the warmeEafternc Countryes abundantly as alfo in Greece, and the Iflesof the Me- " Seas,cfpic,ally in CW, on the hill,,and among the Rockes, but the fir ft efpeciallyin Italy, Spain, and Tome pirrs o France, and hath beeneof Istedayes Found in the Well part of hdJd, of a icalonablebigge (lie fora tree but with fmalkr fruiter it flowreth not onely in /«/>. in ihe warme Countries,but at other times of the yeare alfo.and the (rune fcarle ripeneth in a whole yeare, for I have leene a frelh branch,that was brought «ne with frefh fpvung flowers and ripe fruite thereon like wile,fo that it is ulually feene both with flowers and fruite at once. The AAubn, is every third yeare fpoyled of the cuter baike,and regaineth it quickely, andkee- pe;h the fame time with the other. n 1 The Names. The fir ft: is called in Greeke wuagot Comarus i and the fruite foalfoby fotne # or v.t/Mitw\ov Mcm.ecjlon , as Dio- r S j fay ’ in d & Vnedo ' a,ld b y Ovid Fr ag a montan *. feme have thought that the Arbntw o(D,ofcondts and Th'ophraftu, were differing plants, becaufe their deferiptions were (o divers.buc by rhe judgement of the belt they are both one, the other is called in Greeke yetthe moft Greeke co¬ pies have but became Airaclmjs the herbe PortnUca, Pmflaine, which feme to diftineuift, would call tins Pmulac* arbor, but P /;»;i findeth the fault, and therefore calleth it AAachne and P.tnUanr'bor, lines which 9 u«and Others have followed him therein : but the Greeks generally now adayes, as well as thole in Comfy callit ridrackU,2i Horortiu He/lm faith: all our moderne Writers call them, by the fame names, andnoothre then arc here let downe, except in Papyro, who attributeth all theft names to one plant Ok™ -OHarum, r utw & J'neany And ic is obferved that Galen faith in Italy among the viifear, Epimelu was called by the name ot Vnedo, peradventure becaufe the flowers of Spimelii arc very like ro thofc of A> but us or Vnedo , when as Epimclui s defined by him lei fe to be another plant, differing borh from Arbutus, Vnedo, or any of r Diofcor ides orts of LMefptlui. The Arabians call the Arbutw Hatiladib.xht Julians Albatro ,the Spaniards Madronho, and Madromeiro , the French Arbcttfier .the Dutch as not knovyne to them have no name that I can finde, and we call them Trj b*i6. The d heater of ‘Plantu Cha t 66 . 1491 them both the Strawberry tree, but with the feverall diftin&ions that I give them in their titles t yet it hath come to us from Ireland* by the name of the Cane Apple, with as great judgement and realon as many other vul¬ gar names are* The Virtues. ‘Diofcoridesind galenlzy of the Arbutus that it is troublefomc to the ftomacke, and breedeth head ache, and therefore advifeth thofe that have any paine in the head to forbeare the earing of that fruite, Amarus Lujitanm fi r ft letteth it downe, that the deftilled water of the flowers and leaves of the Arbutus ( but ATattbioIui addeth the os de Corde cervi to be mixed therewith in ponther) is a foveraigne remedy and helpe againfl: the peflilence, and all other venome to be given prefcntly upon the firft complaining of thegriefe, it is altringenc or binding, and therefore may well ferve againft fluxes:the properties of the other arc not declared. Cmap. LX VI. Mortu % The Mulberry tree. Here are two or three forts of Mulberries as I have elfewhere (hewed, yet I mull fhew you them here alfo. 1 . Morwnigruvulgarii. The common blacke Mulberry tree. Thisgroweth if it be buffered very great and tall, otherwifeic will be led on Arbour's, oras you will have it, the body being great, and both it and the greater armes covered u ich a rhitke . ru gg c dbarke, the younger boughes and branches being imoother, whereon arc round broad leaves let, pointed at the end,dented about the edges, and fosnetimes gafhed in on the edges, refembling a V ine leafe, the bloomings or flowers arc fhort downie catkins, after which follow the fruite made of many graines fee together greene at the firft,red afterwards, and borne what harfhe or lowre, but blacke when they are full ripe, lull of a bweeti In j’uyce, that will dye the fingers and mouth of them that gathr rand eace th:m: wherein lye di¬ vers lmatl feed,the Foote groweth not deepe.but bpreadeth farre,being of a yellowifh colour. Ador m alb a. The white Mulberry. The white Mulberry groweth not to chat greatneffc, but rifeth higher, more knotty and brittle, bpreading rea- fonable well,but not fo thicke,the leaves are like the former,but not bo thicke fee on the branches, nor fo hard in handling, of a paler greene, and fomewhat longer, and more divided with longer (hikes : the fruite is (mailer and cloler fee together, greene and bomewhat harfh before they are ripe, but exceeding fweete, almoft ready to procure loathing, when they are thorough ripe,and whicifh,with the like feede as is in the former: the route hkewife is yellow but paler. 1 . Morns nigra vulgaris. The common blacke Mulberry tree. z. Mom alba. The white Mulberry tree. i, Mortu 149 2 Chap, 67. T beatrum Botanicum , T r 1 b e 16. 3. MorwVtrgin'tana, The Virginian Mulberry. The Virginian Mulberry groweth quickely with us to be a very great tree, fpreading many armes and bran¬ ches, whereon grow faire great leaves very like the lad: the fruite or berry is longer and redder than the firft When it is tipc,and very plealant alfo. . - The Place and Time. The two Former forts are noui fed op as it were in Woods or great Orchards, in the Levant Countries to nourifh their fiike Wormes, where they keepe abundance, and may peradventure be naturall in fome ofthofe places ; they are plentifully alfo nocirfcd up in Italy for the fame purpofe: but the lad as the name importeth came from Virginia, where it groweth hugely, with great (lore of great leaves and final! (lore of fruite, but in the leafon with the other, which is in Mj and Affgafi, yet the leaves of them all appearethelaftof all other trees. The Names. It is called in Greekemfi* andwasiyii’©- More* & Sycamines, in Latine Morns • fome call the firft VMortu rss- bra,md others nigra, in our fhoppes Moms celfa cjitafi excelfa, as a didinflion betweene it andthe brambleffa- btts, whofe berryes ate called alio Afora^ but batiis added to know it by , the white is called Morses alba & Can¬ dida by MtBelloniise l'aitb that the French doe falfely call ic Sycomorw, but we (hall (hew you the true Sycomortss by and by. The Arabians call it Tut and That, the Italians Moro, the Spaniards Moras del Morale the French A leaner and Aieure, the Germane s Mattlbcrbaum and Alanlbeer, the Dutch Mooerbefcemboom, and we in Snglijb Mulberry,ar.d Mulberry tree. The Verifies, Thr Mulberry is of different parts,the tipe berryes being by reafon of their fweetenefTeand flippery moidure, opening the belly, and the un; ipe binding it,elpecially when they are dryed, and are then good to day fluxes and latkes,and the abundance of womens courfes: but the barke of the roote hath a flronger purging quality, and a bitcerneffc withall, whereby it is able to kill the broad wormes in the bodyof men or children : the leaves and young tender copp.s have a middle or temperate faculty ■■ the ripe berries if they be takenbefore rneate, doe make paflage for the red to follow, but if after mcare, and palfe not quickely away,they corrupt in the ftomackc and draw the red on co putrefaftion with them, otherwife they trouble little : thejnyce, or the fyrope made of the juyee of the berryes, helpeth all infl.mmations and lores in the mouth or throate, and the Vvula or pallate when icis fallen downe: the jujeeof the leaves is a remedy againft the biting of the fpidef Phalangium, or any other Serpent, and for thofe that have taken Aconite , the leaves beaten with Vinegar is good to lay on any place chat isburnc with fire: the leaves of the Vine, of the earely Figge,and of the Mulberry, boyled in raine water is good to wafh the haire,to cleare and to give ic a faire colour: a deception made of the barke and leaves is good to wafh the mouth and teeth when they ake: if the roote be a little flit or cut andifmall hole made in the ground next thereunto,in the harved time it will give out a certaine juice, which being hardned; the next day is of good life to helpe the toothache, and to diffolve knots,and purge the belly : the leaves of Mulberries are faid today bleeding in any place of the body, whether it beat the mouth or noftrils, orthe bleeding of the piles, orofa wound, being bound unto the places : a branch of the tree taken when the Moone is at the full, and bound to the wridof a womans arme whofe courfes come downe coo abundantly, dothday them in afhortfpacej theleaves iaidtodeepe in urine doe takeaway the haircs from skins. dsip, L XV11. Sjcomonu. The true Sycomoreor Mulberry Figge. P feKffi S' Here are twoforrsofthis Sycom^re tree,the one bearing fruite out of the body, and greater armes of thetree onely,theo:hernponftalkes without leaves. 1. Sjcomorut five Ficus cy£gyptia. The Sycomore of Egift. This Sycomore groweth to bea very great tree,bigger then the Mulberry tree, with great armes and branches,and thereon full of round ar d forr.ewhac long leaves pointed at the ends, and dented about the edges, very like the round leaves of the Mulberry tree, but harder and rougher like Figge leaves, this bcarcth fmall figs or fruite, and no flower,and that differing from all other trees, for icthiudcth tl em forth from out of the very trunkeor body it fclfc onely, and the elder branches next Co the body, and now here elie, and are very like unto white or wilde Figges, and of the fame bigneffe, but much fweeter, and without any kernels therein, the whole tree and every part aboundeth with milke, if the barke be but gently wounded, for ifdeepc itgivethnomilkeatall, which maketh ic to beare three or fottre times every veare, new rifing out of the places where the old grew (cue whereas Thecphraftw and FDiofcorides lay, that tire fume : ipeneth not, unleffe they be fcratched with iron fcratchers,and that within foure daits after they will be ripe, tbeufe in thefe dayes, where they grow is, that they doe afeend the trces.and with fmall knives,cut a fmall peece from the head of every fig, while they are grtene.and after the poorer fort of people eate them. The wood hereof is follid, hard and blacke, and abiding frcfh,and as if it were ffillgreene long after ic is felled, neither will become dry, unltfi’e it be kept under water, and therefore is fitted to make piles in Marfhes,or waters. 1. Sycomortss altera fen Ficiu Cypria. Another Sycomore or Figge of Cyprus. This other Sycomore groweeh to be as great as a Plummetree,or white Poplar tree, whofe armes and branches are (bored with broad and fomewhat round leaves, likeumoche Elme (which made THofcorides fay itwasan Elme) bat indeed very like unto the former: this alfobeareth fuch like fruite like Figges butfmaller, evenno bigger then plummes which rife both from the body,and the greater armes, but not immediately out of them, as in the former, but on certaine (balkcs in branches, which rife by themfelves, without any leava6 with them.and areas fweete as figges, and beare alfo foure times every yeare, but not unleffe they be flit, that the milke in them may come forth. The Place mi Time ', The firQ groweth chiefly in Fgipt' t in Syria alfp,and Arabia, and offiir the places neere thereunto : the other : " ' ’ ' in 8. I BE 16 . The Theater of 'Tlants. Chai\68. in Cyprus, Cana., Rhodes, and ocher the places neepe them: they have not beene brought into Italy that l can learne: their Time is exprefled in their defecti¬ ons. ( The Names. The firfl is called in Greekc vuMpos©- and avi&yav©- al¬ io by l’ome, but not rightly as T)io[corides faith; in La. tine alfo Sycomorw , and Ficus Egypt™, the Egiptian fig, and is the true Sycomore tree, and Theophrakus calleth it ( Jiiorm yEgyptia, lo called as Galen faith, from the likenefle of the tree and the finite unto the Mulber¬ ry, and the Figge. Bellomus faith the Egyptians now adayes call it Ficus Pharaoni.s in their language, and fome Gutmets as the Arabians d oe, the other is called * by Theophrajlw Ficm Cypria in Creta t (JMxtthiolus cal- lcth it Sycomorefimilit, Cordus on Diofcorides , Sycomorus in Cypro, and Lugdunenfis from Raurvo/fiw Ficm Egyp- tta Diofcoridis, Sycomorus GrxcorHm f and Mttmeitz. of zht Arabians, TheVertues , The fruite of the Sy.comore trees agree well in the belly, and maketh it foluble, but is troublefomc in the ftomackc, by the overmuch moifture, and givethbut little nourifhment to thtf body : the milke that is ta¬ ken from the tree, by wounding it gently, and after¬ wards dryed-and made into Trochifces, and kept in an earthen pot, hatha property to mollifie hard tumours, to foder or clofe together the lippes of greene wounds, the fruite it felfe being laid plaiftcrwife, vyorketh after the fame manner : the faid dryed milke rfgood againft venemous creatures and the plague, the fame alfo ea- fetb the paines in the head and cares, and is drunke by them that arc fplencticke. i i. SvtO/aorui Jive Ficus Agyptia W Cypna. 1 lie Egyptian and Sywan Mulberry riggcciee. H 93 Gh a p. LXVIII. Picui. The Figge tree* i r ®'jfyi” f T S ° ftr t? t arc called Fi S" e trees > vcr y much differing in kinde one from ano- ther I wrll therefore in th. s Chapter oncly flrew you the fotta of our ordinary eatiiw Hg ° e “ that grow in Eunpc, and after wards ofthe relf,that have not heenc declared before. = ft8 L T .. I_. Sum futivufme vulgari,. Tlie ordinary rigge tree. I his ordinary Figge in our Country in feme places, I have feene as great almoft and as which a' a hrfl PP " CrCe ’ h W!t1 ' h Sra ^ rUgged barkc ° n the bcd J’> ar| d cider boughesEnd greene on the youn-e r Ton >h anH h frT° r P‘ th >’ | lnthem ^ dle - the eaves grow (ingle on the branches', being lung and iarg/ thickc’ rough,and of fad a green colour on the upperfidc.and whitiflr undeineath.divided into threefbuc ufuahv i, ’ pres, yeelding a (harpe bitter, and almoft exulcerating milke when thlv «7 bro T be ? f Figges alfo will doe when they are greene, the fruite breaketh out from be b-anhes without anv flowe^ ‘ arc both of (undry colours, of (overall fires, and ripening at contrary timesof the ye," as alio Irh h i " d thinner skins that cover them, thefe that are moll ordinary a re white, and of a reasonable bigneffe. H k “ ^ ~ r , : v - ,-cc . „ Capripeiu. Thewilde Figgetrce. fn.s Figge tree differed) not fromthe former but in growing not fou rc at,and that rhe fruite is fmiii j that,Cfe" T n h g °" ,a hing off unripe and are nothing fo fweete or pleafant as the m-rmelf tnat is npeandmellowior foft, but likeit whileitisgreene and hard, " k “ ‘“red, ,» , l\ e,c ”‘’»ff r »fv‘prMox. The blew Figge eardy ripe. ’If , a f ° d ‘^ cr f u n c t 1,1 C J e g ro ™ lr, g from the former, but r'ifeth not to that greatnefle, the forte b -I ike the former, and of the fame fize and bigneffe in Spume and other Places, but ofadarke Burn eb adfi£ lour, with an eye of blew as it were call over them and blackifli red rhrnimhn,,, n ■ “■■‘c»ifh co- fweete as the ordinary white Fig e e is: this IW’tree be, e* t wicr be ^ ' r, " S "° C '“i iy fo ,uflli us is, in the Spring about Aprill, and afterwards in 8 the Autumne^hen the otter are rTpe^ rfiofein^heSra' 5, ?*' feldome ripen ktndely, for want ofthe heaie ot the Sunne, and by rcafon of the mo^Jre ofthe (eafon vE rhe.y very dehcious,lo that they qmckely both putrifie if they be kept 1and nnr arrifiri'iii i a i * s ^ cc are ^corrupt alfo in their ftomackes that eate them, and therefore none tUtfth eate^he^St thev muff dri Wine after them, to helps to digeft them, for if they palfe not qnickely out of the Ske but nutrlSh ,e they put them in danger to tame them into a leaver : and this is that kinde of EEvS. t Ec P . h tkere " ,J for the bed kinde growing with us, which is ufually planted againft a wall,and yet wiM not r Sri ** hl -'u c . 4 - C h am £ ficus. Tfig dwarFe Figge tree, he dwarte Figge tree growedi not much higher with us then to a mans ihoulders, with (lender branches ben- din?? *494 Ch a p.68, Theatrum 'Botanicum. Tr i b k 16. i Ficus vulgaris. The ordinary Figge rree. 4. Cham*feus. The dwarfc Figge tree. ding downewards : the fruite or Figsesare fmaller.evenin our Country then the laft, but of the fame colour, and rcafonably wellftored on them, this is tenderer then the other.and is ufually planted in boxes,to be removed into (loves for the Winter time,and let abroad in Summer like our Orenge trees. The 'Place and Time. The manured Figge hath beene as I fuppolealwayes planted where it grew in any Countrv, the wild bein" found fo in fundry places, it is thought that both the other came out of Barbary into Spaine, Italy, and ocher places where they grow.and teareripe fiuiceboth in the Spring and tAngpjl, or September, which in Spasnc are after the gathering laid in the Sunne to dry,that they may the better be kept all the yea! c after. The Names. The tree is called in Greeke mitt and the fruite m. W,i n Latine Ficus both tree and fruite the wild Figge tree is called in Greeke outdid-) cl 1 and eeutlr by Galen stud others, in Latine Ficus fy he fir is, c~~ Caprifieus • the unripe fruite of the manured, as alfo of the wilde kindeis called in Greeke SawS®-, and in Latine Grojfus, but properly Olyntbtu, as well as Groffus doe fignifie the earcly ripe of each fort •• the dryed Firgcs are called in Greeke ipdJi, and offome W«*!,as Pau/us ts£gmetus and others, in Latine Carict, yet Pliny faith that Carica is a peculiar kinde of Figge, growing in Syria, foyou fee the word isufedbothby Greekcsand Latinos, the graines or (mail ker¬ nels within the Figge is called by the Greekes xsyx&ffiJbs, and by the Latines Ficoria,P tiny !,b. ,/,c.i 9 .calleth them Frumcnuyhc earely Figges are called in Greeke ntsS'i'pea ejuapprecurfores, in Latine prtcoect and Groff! of fome as is before laid, rhe branches of the tree are called Crude both in Greeke and Latine, yet Nictusder his in¬ terpreter doth call the Figges themfelves fo. In the Weft Indies where ic hath beene planted by the Spaniards it never Iooleth the leaves,God fo providing them a remedy at all times againft the venome ofrheir Spiders, which is the milkecommmg from the tree,when the leaves are broken off. jhe firfl is ufually called Fictssfativa, or commtsnUby alt; In our Summer Iflands they grow fo mellow, asthat they will be dryed at no hand to bekept long.as chofe in Spaine arc (which commeth to paffe as I thinkc, for want of skill in taking them in their fir time that is,before they grow too ripe and mellow.) The fecond as I (aid before is called Ficus fylveftris and Caprifieus'. The third is called Ficus nigra ,or purpurea, and of fome Ficus do ^digarva, yet fome doe hold that the laft or dwarfe Fig is moretruely called fo, and fome that they may be both called Ficus de Atgarva : it is generally called Cnamaficus ,qt httmi/is Ficus, ini Ficus pttmila by divcrle, XtfytWr/ixcallethit Chamsfyce arbore. The A. rabians call it Sin, or Fits, or Tin, the Italians Ficbi, the Spaniard s Hygos.tbe French Fifties, and the tree Fi, sister, the grrmar.et Fcighcnbaum,ibe Dutch Ftigtnboom, and we in Fnglifh figges, and Fiq°e tree. TheVertnes. The Figge tree is hot, and of thinne parts,which the milke that iffueth from the leaves and branches,being bro¬ ken, and the juyee taken from them,when chey are young and prefled forth, doe plaincly declare, bein'? excee¬ ding hot,not onely biting and fliarpe, or forcibly clenfing, but even exulccrating and offending the mouxhes of the veines.and taking away wartes, as alfo that it purgeth, yet is it not fafe to cake it inwardly, for feareofex- ukerating inwardly, yea the branches of the tree arc offuchan hoc temper, that if they be put to boyle with Beefs Tr £ b * 1 6. The Theater of ^Plants. C h a p .69. u Beefe that is hard, it will thereby become tender and foft, the wilde Figge me, and thetnilke chercofis more dfe&uall then that of the manured : if the leaves of the Figge tree be rubbed over the piles, they will open a- gaine and bleede: the Figges themfelves are hot and moi(l,and nourilh well, the drytd better then the greene, lb they be temperately taken, for the continuall ufe of them breed ill blood,puffe up the body with loofe flefh.and caule thorn to become loufie; yztGalen faith that the tifeof Figges and Grapes,in i'isold age.aboveall other fruit did him lead harme : if they be eaten while they are frelh and greene, they loofen the belly, but doe fomewhae trouble thedomackethe dryed Figges doe heate the ftomacke, and caufe third, yet they nourifh and are good for the throate, and arteries, the reignes and bladder, and to regairre a good colour to them that by long ficke- nefle have loft it: Figges are one of o-Mitbridatei three ingredient into his antidote, againft both poylon and Plague, as you have heard before in Wallnutsand Rue : the decoftion ol Figges, Fiifi'opeand Licoris, is a very good Ptifane drinke to helpe an old cough, hoarfenelle and fhortneff: of breach, and all the difeafes of the bred andlungs, and isgoodalfo indropftes, and the falling ficknefle, andforthe Quinficalfo, a flit figge tolled and held to an aking tooth, doth often eafe the paines; tWo or three Figges flic, and lard all night in are very good for thofe that are purfie and fhort winded, to take them in the morning. Figges bruiledand ap- plyed with Barley mcale, and the pouther of fenugretke leede doe mollifie the hard tumour s and kernells, und r the throate and aares,and elfetvhere, as alfo the hardnefle of the Mother, and if home leaven and (ale be put to them,it breakeih Plague (ores,and it may be was the fame He&echi/ts ufed : they arc mixed alfo, not as Pliny hath it, withfato id eft flare trie (but with zfln&vS* Culcmth*, that is. Copperae, as “Siofeorides hath the word being midaken by "Pliny,) againft the inveterate fores of the legges, aniallocher foulc running ulcers: bcin^ boyled in Wine with Wormewood, and rhenappiyedwichbarly tneale, are very profitably applyed to the belly of thofe that have a dropfie : and beaten with fait and applyed, takerh away the itch and Icab, and rheafhesalld of them being made up into afalve and applyed,healcth kibes,and chilblaines •• the dryed milke of the wild Figge tree,as.wcll as the tame doth curdle milke like rennet, and diffolveth it. being curdled, as vinegrr: this milke or the juyee taken from the younglancke branches, is moid fit to ufe inwardly agarnfl thepoyforiof § ypfnm, and the Pbolmgium Spider, but outwardly applyed it is good for many things, as put into an hollow tooth, ic ca- feth the paine, the fame mingled with the juyee of Milliard, and dropped into the eares,eafeth the paines, noife, and itch in them, and helpeth the deafenelTc; applyed to a place bitten or Hung, by any mad dogge urvenemous creatue, taketh away the paine and danger together: the lame alfo made up with Barley mcale, healetb the running fores of the head, and likewife helpeth the Lepry,Morphcw,the white fcutfe.and moifl feabbes, pudies, wheales, and all other eruptions in the skinne, or difcolourings in the face: the lye that is made of the branches of the wildeor tame Figgetrec, being burnc to afhes, after ic is cleered, is accounted among cauflicke medicines: it helpeth running cankers and Gangrenes,and confu-meth Waits and Wennes,by dipping fbme Wood or Spring therein, and dayly applying ic thereto, and is fotnecimes dropped into hollow Vlcets, that fret and cteepe," and are full of moid humours, for it clenfeth,lodereth,and bringeth up flefh therein, and clofeth up the lippes there¬ of, like thole plaifters that are applyed to greene wounds: it is likewife drunke by them chat have the bloody flixe and old defluftions; to difperfe alfo the congealed blood in the body, by any bruife or fall, adding thereto a little oyle and water,and fo it is taken by them that have either rupture or convulfion. 2 \ucUiiu faith, that if a Bull,be he never fo mad,betycd to a Figge tree,he willquickely become tame and gentle: and fume have af¬ firmed, that the Figge tree and the Bay.arenotblafled with lightning. The blew figge is no doubt of the fame operation with the whiteto all purpofes, but the fruite commech moll to maturity with us,and eaten with great pleafiire with fait and Pepper, Chap. LXIX. Muf**rbor, The Indian Figge or Plantains tree. fivers doe make this tree (or plant,whichfoever you pleafe to call it in that it dyeth yearely) one of the [ forts of Darts,blit very erronioufly, for it may in my judgement be more true!/ referred to the Figges,' fas divet9 others doe,and therefore 1 rhinkc meccell to be joyned unto them, Utifeth up cotheheighth of fixe or feven cubits, withadreighc (tenure or flalke, as biege as ones thigh or arme, notwooddyac all, but of a foft fubdance, and as it werecompofedof a numterof foulded leaves together, fo that it may eafily be cut downe with the blow of a fword, or with a knife, with a pith like marrow Within, not Ipteadingany branch at a!!,but compared about with many very large leaves.fouldiaig ihemlelves as they rife, like the leaves of tne fiowring Indian Reede; which when they are fpread open at large, are each of them a fathomefoiretimes or more,and ufually foure or five foote long,and two i’oote, or fometimes a yard broad, hanging almod quite downe,withagrcatthickeribrunningthrough the middle, and not cut in on the edges in anyplace: the lower leaves dill falling away being dryed, and broken off with the winde, leaving the demine or dalkc bare, until! ic hive actainedunto above a mans height, where itbufheth forth a many the like large leaves, that ate of a darke greene colour on the upperfibe, and paler underneath; in the mtdd whereof chrudeth forth a great long bunch of flowers; as bigge as an Edridge egge,of a ruffecifh purple colour, divided into many duders,each flower where- minor S' of faith one is LHionarcijfo major, foliomm extrema (ubflringens colore phenicena, after which fucceede the fruite fap.-Ud, growing in the fame manner in cluders, at feverall fpaces or didances of the great long dalkes, two or three hundred many times together,each whereofis long and round, in fome places greater and (mailer then in others, fome a fpan long or more (and one fort in the Kingdomeof Conge, is fmaller, but better relinked then theordi- nary, yet rare and not to be found but in very few places elfe that lean iearne) fomewhat rcfembling a lmall Cowcumber, of a firmer fubdance then a Figge when it is cut, and without any graine or kcrnell within it, ha¬ ving a little hollownelfe in the middle, where it may feeme to be parted in twaine, and aie of adatke greenifli colour being unripe, butofa whicifh yellow if they befufferedtogrowto the fullmacurity, butmanydcecuc them downe before they are through ripe, and either hang them up in their houfes to ripen, or to carry to Sea to Jpend afterwards,for bejng gathered ripe, they will not lad long t the outer skinne is to be pared or peeled away before i^po Chap ,6p. before they are eaten, the inner fubdance being yellowiflr, an o a nnefvveete tafle,nocfuddcnly to be perceived, yeti Iiavinp’ra 'fc'd n... _ r . T Tbeatrum Botanicam , 1 R I B E I i n,V-“ i ^> ; ^^uaucuiy codc perceivea, yeti havingtafted ofoncthatDortour Pa, gave me, did thinkeI had tailed of an Orris roote,preferved with Sugar,which per- f,""” vvasnot the natural! rcllifh thereof,but afeititiour. Vnder the ( alke with fruire, hangeth downc on another lT e ’i, a l ° wi ’ lch fome while after will bee an- n , er T 111 ™ of bruicc, ufually bearing twife, and in (ome places thrice every yearewhen the Oalke iscuedowne, lojiefaythat ityeeldetha kinde of wat.r like milke, both for co,our and tafle, fomc (ay alfo that the roote beareth but once or civile, or thrice at the mod: but the certainery is, fr nU^ r 1 th Cot !f but once planted, for that it continually ~ c '' ncw halites,as the old decav,and in feme Coun- lesareloonc npeafter they fpring, and will have ripe "nice, from fome of the plants at ail cimes, , The Place and Time, hisgenerany gtoweth in mod Provin.esoftheEad, as ^ S r a ’ 38 the Indies 1 h proweth alfo in Braf. J'l. b u. is planted onely in the Wed Indies, in Cr.™, alfo it TorttT ,T b ' e Wdl ' . buc not 10 in Cmi }> b « ™ Spain* or p 'b S ' 35 ‘ l,C3re ’ ,r wdl "f t beare at all. Africa alfo and Ethiopia wanteth it not, and as is laid, hath ripe and greene fiuitealmad all the yeare long. T/JnZ, S &Mufa arbor. i Indian F/ggcoi PJancaine tree. Jb'ftZZ P‘'. obabi,: that this plant was not knowne to The- 1 c. 9 . he faith growethin Cypcm with a large leafe, and a much g.at.ZiS is no" favoury like the red: and therefore Guitar,diem refulith it ZettZrl" - C-K no no";; J nnrH ' I, “‘K 8 th ' nkc > ic ma V b ~ bis Pala, tioned in his 12 Boo te, and 6 Chapter, whofe fruite vva ral led of a wonderfull fweetenede one whereof wt ab e t° fatisfic foure men, the leafe thereof being three cubits lo g and two broad,which is lomwhatlik ely.in fh at as QaX fly cab-id r be i' 0nd it is diver. fly called, every Country aimed giving r "” ^ places of the Indies MelopalZ. S g * 3 P eculiar n a mc .'bey of Malc.yo Pifran, they of Bey,gala Q* f &- othcj A m e MaUyaralfo Chine.,pa. M »{* a>lnufru?,m. Thef.uitcofthcfa.dlndianFiegcorPhntiinetrec. da, in Ollalavaral/i Chincapa. lanes, they of St.rfc» Mand Ahella: it is laid that fome doe call one lore Scnorijns , and ano. ther Cadolijns , the Portugal! call them Pigosdorta and Pigos de Cananor, others Ficiu Mar- tabana, offomealfoAioa naor.it, they of Gimey, and in theRealmeof Congo Bananas : Lodonicm Rom.ii.us, and r Bro- card, who wrote the deferipti- on of the Holy Land call itA- d’.ms Apple, whom Cardamu, and others doe follow, fuppo- ling it to be the fruite thatAffe tookeand gave to Adam-, but the very text of the Scripture convince* chrterrour, for it is there faid,thae they lowed Fig. tree leaves together, to make Mem aprons to cover their na- fcedneiTe, when as one leafe hc, *of ha^i becne fuiBcient* 5 ‘>rne aifo as Batibium fetteth it downe 3 call iX-Dtidaim^ but I chi'ike that name better agree- itch to the Mandrake. Of the Arabians Strapio, and Avicen Adass^cRl Usfa, Amu/a and Ma. tun - ofthe Moores Muse,, and Gemez, of fome Grcekes and J-atines Margmita: they of IBrtJfile Tribe 16. The Theater of Ttant-s. Chap.^o. 1497 i Srajpli c»\l the tree PAyeoBerr,and the ItmK B acova,Oviedw and Ecojla call It fUtaxm, lor what cattle is not I knowne, unleffe the largenefle of the leaves enforced that title, but from thence I thinke hath rifen the name of I Piancaines, whereby our Sngliflj in all places call them by. The Italians,Spaniards t French,2,nd others follow the 1 Latine name Lfttuf, a,and fo would J it fhould be called,or the Indian dulterfigge, to dillinguidi it from the other 1 lorts of Figges, that they be not confounded, but not Adams Apple as Gerard doth, from the fu'perltitious coti- : ceits of Erecardor others, for wee might as well follow that foolifh Francifcam that would tranferre it to the 1 Mufcs.as gratefull to them. The Portugal have a conceit, that if this fruite be cuteither thwart or aflope,there I will appeare the forme of a croffe therein, and therefore they will not cutaiiy, but breaketbem all that they ) eate, which vaine conceit it is likel y they have taken from the Martmite Chriftians,as Lm/cbten laith. The Virtues, It is generally held that no man ever tookeharme by eating the fruite hereof,ontly by the much eating of them 1 they have become loofe and foluble in their bodice, but thatthey comfort the heart and retrefh the (pint.: they 1 are alfo good torcoughes.and hoarfcneflc.and tolenifiethe fharpeneffe of humours, delcendmg on the lungs-, it i is alfo profitable for thole whole urine is hot and (harpe.and to provoke it being (topped, flirriiig up alio bodily I lull: but they that have any feavei or ague muft forbeare them, but are good for women with childe tonourifli 1 the birth : although this may feemeto be fomewhathard of digeilion to vveake bodyes and flomackcs, yet to I flirting and able perfons it is not fo : the fruite being cut in the middle long wie, anddryed in theSun istheii 1 more delicate then a Figge; being baked in an oven, itisnoleifepleafantorbbyledinbtoth, yet it will nota- 1 bide any long boyling. The leaves being foft are commended to cooiefuch as (ball lye upon them, and keepe I them temperate in the great heatesi fomc alfo with good effedl apply the juyee ot the leaves to places burnt with 1 fire. Chap. LXX. ficut Indicw Jpipofur. The prickely Indian Figge. S i E have obferved two forts of this Indian Figge, the or.c greater, net to be preferred a Winter in our l Country without a great deale of care and convemency forir, the other le Her, abiding reafonable well ^ with us ; they that fet forth the Pcrr/Aw Hillary, doe fay that there i: two forts of wiide, one bearing no fruite, and another fo prickely, thacitfervethto noulc, befidcs tbemanuted which bcareth the gratne, but with thefe I mult declare the breeding of the Cochenike, which is that graine which the Dyers ufc, 1 andisiaidtobegatheredfromofthefeplantsjoroneofthem. i , Ficui Indicw fjiinofns major. Thc.grearerlndian Figge. This greater Indian Figge growerh in lome parts of the Welt Indiesto.havea body or trunke asbigge as ones arme or thigh, ana from thence (hooteth forth his leaves, blit in other places, it croweth from a leaf: firfl fei: into the ground, and there {hooting : forth rootes,and others riling out there- C 1, inditajpinofi major vel minor. The greater or ltfTcr prickely Indian Fi'-gc. 1 of on all fide s, and others out of them; and fo one out of another, being for* 1 med into branches of fuch leaves, like unto branches of other trees, cadi of thefe leaves are very large,and as thicke as ones hand, and larger in many, befet i w ith final! fiiarpe, and fomewhatlong white prickesor thornes; dangerous if undadvil'edly they be handled, but in Europe they are nor fo thicke let, nor fo fliarpe but in many places of the leaves,the knots or places where they flood are void: the flowers come forth atthetoppeofth: fruite, which is at the firfl like untoaicale it felfc, and breake out on the fide of the greater 1 eaves fomctimes,as well as on the tops compofedofeightor twelve pale yel¬ lowleaves, fetin adouble row with certainejeilow threds tipt with red in the middle: afterthe flower is withe¬ red, yet (fill abiding on the head of the fruice, it groweth greater and ibeweth it felfe to be long, and rounder then the leaves,and flatter at the head, and like unto a Figge, which fruite alfo'is ar¬ med with prickes as well as the leaves, andii whitifh, which is taken to be the better .or of a reddifil or yellowifh co¬ lour on the out fide, or greenifli and very red within, full of a watery fub- flance,tailing fweere and pleafant, with diverfe feedes therein, and by eating Mram mmtn . 4.98 Chap.^o. Theatrum Botanicum. Trib E 16 , ibcm willcaufe the urine to be tinned like blood it fdfe: the roote gtoweth neither deepe nor farre a- broad. a. Ticw Indian jpinofm minor. Thelefferprickely Indian Figge.' This lelfcr Figge groweth more often with us, from leaves as farre as I can learne.yet J have knowne it rife from the fowne feede, and never into a body or ftockc like the forme*, and is in all the roll as like it as may be, with out any difference but oncly the greatneffe.which in this is neither halfe fo great or thicke, or the growth halfe fo high, and this declaration may be Efficient to deferibe it by comparing the former difeourfe herewith that I dee not make a double repetition of one thing. 3. Cochenille five Fki Indici gratia, The Dyers graine called Cochenille. There hathbeene much doubt and many variable opinions, concerning the breeding of the Cochenille fome taking it to be the Coccogmdium verum, others to be the Chermes Arab urn, and that it differeth not from the Coc¬ cus Baphicue of the Grecians, Fragofiu would feeme toknovv more then others, and in his third Booke and 1 y. Chapter,faith that they are riliejufcicmlndtl frvtlii. The fruite efeirher of chc Indian Figge trees. cerraine graines that grow in Pern, at the rootes of certaine (mail plants, that are like unto the common Burner Saxifrage, cleaving to the rootes of it like wild Grapes, but is utterly erro- nious for Peru, bis opini¬ on as ic feemeth being ta¬ ken from Angteilara, and Lacuna, who (ay [hat there are certaine graines found in f me places here with us, growing on the rootes of the BumetSaxilrage, whofc i mer pulpc doth give a crimfon dye, and is there¬ fore called Cocciu radicum, that is, the roote graine .- fome have taken them to be dyes, or fuch like cove¬ red with a finall thin skin or cafe, and flicking under the leaves of this Indian F igge : but Iamnei de Lae c of Antwerpe, in his fifth Booke and third Chapter. dcfcrip i i0n Indies, fhewethus the truth hereof more exaftly then Oviedu, ormanv => H ,h ,b aV ? Wt ! t r, th f rc ° - 1 lb l nlcc > * nd faith that belides the two'ttild forts, whereof one giveth no fruite n the ocher fo pnckely that it is of noufe, and the tame or manured fort thatbeareth fruite thac isvervfweete and of a moil plealanc tafte, and either white which is eftcemcd the bett, or red or purple,which dyeth the hinds rn/dv °° d f yC0 '? Ur ’ .^-as ^nlbenyeswilldoe, and beingeaten coloured foeurine alK rhefame h d y . ' T h f ! S ?“!) heano ' ll =f fort, called by the Indians Nochezcli Nopalii ,or NopallNochentli which a though ,t beared! not Inch like frmte yet it ,s more accounted of, and husbanded w fo moVe care and diligence theaunciews’ T as a diminitive fromihe ct«"of fooauncicnts.fomuh lou B ht after,and u(_ed by Dyers,for the excellency of the colour: This plant loveththofe places that are temperate : Hirreraddcribethche manuringand ordering thereof, and* Laet from him in this mann-r : The graine Cochenille is bred on the tree, which is called Tuna, in very many of the Countries of the *" 1 L .> cncreafcd inrhofe places that are o- whereby itiscnccaicummoie places rnacarco- pen.andyet defended from the North : It isa living creature,or rather a kindeoflnfefl orflye, nor much dif- hen^r'andTsrcd f r c eCrC r n d° ' 'w™ ‘T^i being fo™what leflc then aflea, when it firft getteth to den P rb r ‘then Zt £ fu "° D, - SS " ^ a " hand wor ™> and doe-fo loade the trees, and fill the whole Gar- b " them . tW,CC ev "y y™ c from the trees, which they fee in order and tend like their ee the ?l r T weedes.or whacelfe may hurt them : the younger the trees be, the more plentifully w 1 they beare,and the better graine but efpec.ally rt is neceffary for them to cleere them from the other flfisof H>e% and no Idle keepe away their hens,who will devoure the graine .- and to cleare their tree, from [been- cri u f r •-, lu ucaic uicir tree* rrom treen- wirho?! , Z °J y c S,t n y F ,°f ecailef > a " d when they are grownc full ripe, they ga.her them Lr , h 5'l C "fi ^k.!' Aa e ”J? T mon C . ht l™’ andd, y tbcm in the fliaddow, and keepe them in bvVo'mc b by caftln S a(h " “ mon £ ft , 1 hen, . and afterwards wad, them, and others choke or. kilt them hehcMc \ ayC r ! 1C18 tFe bell way to kill them with cold water. Burnow this graine is adulrcratcd no mep ( ’ n ftCr dlvEr * n ’*nners,for there are foure forts to be found heyeof: the one giverh a colour of nur 8 r a re nr? h 3S u Clng * ca' fortand not ma ™ red : another blacker,which groweth alfo of it fdfe, wicb- minpi?m 0 cr?n andr n\ a !o \ c Eallt d Chuhimecu, a „dofa meaner regard, all which they hallfL? 8 ^ " h the f °H rth s tfla t is the bell and manured. The divers forts hereof among the Merchants wherebvrheJS lr aCCOrd i, ng as the Sfaa^rdi call them : every fort according co the goodneffe hath a name bS,i?7 V ?Zl/> aa . S ‘ lv, fi tT ™‘i Tuikaltobe, the two word forts, being of a blacke dull colour, yet the horh infir ' . • 7 is a gray fort, and is the mod ordinary wehave.but the Golhaca, is in colour betweenc both, in fife no bi og er,but in goodneffe much excelleth them all, and is not much inferior to the Rofetta, which is cbe Tribei6. Tbe Theater of Tlantu Cha p*yi, 1499 :he reddeft inlhew.and the richeft in life of all, And Tlaxcala giveth the bed fortofgraincby far. Francifcm Zi- metier, writeth that this plant bringeth forth a cerraine gurame, which doth temper the heatc of the reines, and of the urine,and that the j'uyce or water diddled from it,is a wonderfull remedy againft pedilentiall and chollerickc leavers. The Chochenille orgraine itfelfeis held tobeverycordiall, and to drive infeftion from the heart, for iris familiarly given both to the infefted with Plague, Small poxes, or other infeflions or d ngcrotts (ickc- t neffe. The Tlace and Time. Boththcfe forts grow in the Wed Indies, the greater fort all the Indies over, from Florid a, and the other on thisfideir.-wherethegreaterisnotfound, as being a colder Country then that the greater can live in it, and flowreth withusabout theendof May,or mhine, andthefruiteripenethnotwithus kindly at all, but abideth on all the Winter,and the next Summer too, and yet will be greenc on the ontfide, and waterifh or unfavoury although fomewhat reddilh within, but more red within than without,and fweete alfo in the naturall places. ’ The Names. Divers Anthours have given divers names unto thefe plants, for Manhiolm, Tiodmmt, Lacuna , Lohe^Cafa/pi. nut and others call it, Ficus Indicts, divers of che Indians that bclflanderscallic Tuna or Tunal, they of Mexico and thereabout Nochtti, and as I (hewed before Ncchezcli Nopalli or Nopal! Nocheztli, and in fome places alio 1 C'ardi, but that I thinke is by the Spaniards, and thereupon it was called Cardans Indian, and Ficus India-, diverfe did take it tobe the Opuntiaol ThcyhraJhuzndPIinj, but erronioufly, for they bath fay, itisan herbefitand fweete to be eaten, but the leaves ofthefe are not ufed to be eaten, neither is it an herbe or plant, naturall to any ofthc nations of Europe, Africke or AJiabu: a peculiar kindeof it felfe ; but Opxntia is an herbe growing natu¬ rally about Opuns , and is ufually eaten, and therefore this cannot be it but another herbe, as I have (hewed in the Chapter of Opuntia marina , amongthe Sea plants : fome alfo call it Pala arhor Tlinij,a Belloni M and AnapaUue alio: The leffer fort is called by LohelIndirnmferruminaxrix I and Opantia Oftocollos^nd by Barthinm Ficm I diets foliofpinofofruBti minore. * The Vertues. It is faid that the Indians ufe to lay thefe leaves bruil'ed upon places that are put out of joynt, or the finewes or Arteryes over (iretched, and to hclpe thole that are burflen or broken to knit up the places againe: the /uyee of the leaves is with good fucceffe ufed in foule ulcers or fores: The vettues of the graine are fet downe a little be- I fore at theendof the declaration thereof. Gate, ux;r, Ficus Indict arenata. The arched Indian Figge tree.' SHis admirable tree for fo it is called by | many, growethtobeagreattree, and | tall, fp reac U n S many armes all about, | and very long whiihby reafon of the flenderneffc and length, bend downe to the ground, (hooting forth ccrtaine yellowifh (fringes attheirends, which as foone as they come to the ground, doe thereinto thruftthemfclves as ftrongly as the firft, which againe fend forth other branches after a while that they are well growne in the fame manner asthefirll, for they alfo in time grow great,and fpread their branches, which like- wife bending downe take roote againe, and thus fwcccfiively one after another, unrill it hath taken up a great compalfe of ground, even a mile as it is faid in compaffe, and made as it were a Grove or Wood from that one firft tree, whereunder the In¬ dians doe flicker themlelvcs from theheate of the Sunnc, and fo prune awav the under boughes, and branches that they make divers walkes and erode wayes through thefe trees, leaving their branches over head as arches to paffe under ro and fro, and cutting out fome looke holes as it were, to give- light and ayreroa thouland men, and more that may be (helrered under the fhaddow of this one tree,with the Suckers thereof, among fo many of whom it is hard to finde out the originall or mother floclte. the leaves on the young branches are like onto Quince tree leaves, greene on the upper fide, and hoary white likethem underneath,wherewith Elephants are much delighted to feede, and whofe branches they cut downe to give them : the fruite groweth among the branches no bigger then the end of onesthumbe, but fafhioned like a Figge of M tn m m m m a Titus Indict A:coats. The arched Indian Figge tree. a blood i?oo Chap. 72. Ibeatrum c Botanicum. Tribei blood red colour both within and without, fomewhat fweetc like unto them, but not fo pUafinc. The Place va&Time. This tree groweth in divers places of the Eaft Indies, asat Goa.Malacca.&c. and abideth alwaves preen giving ripe fruite at the time with others in that Country. ’ » The Names. This tree is mentioned fitft by d?. Cartiue, l,k 9. who wrote the afts of Alexander, inhiswarres intori Indies, and by Theopbrajhv alio lib.^.c. 5. who lived neerethit time, andcallechit Ficus Indica asP/ivrall hkti.c.y after him doth; Strain alio although hee gave it no name then,or of the admirable tree vethen by you may perceive that it is no new found tree m theie later dayes, but knowne and written of bv’ the Anc ents. Goropms would di aw this tree into Paradife, and make it the tree of the knowledge of good and evill rhi God had planted tn the mtdfl thereof, and forbad Adam the eating,end of which by eating, he brought a woe o htmfelfe and htspofterity, fo bold is he to take upon him to know that which he hath no authority or nroofc fo. but onely led by fanfie and ftrong conceit, about the river Ace fine,[n thofe parts where this groweth and there fore Paradice mull needs be there alfo. The Portupeals call ic Arbor de ray, that is the tree of rootes' and there upon Linfchate in his Booke figureth a tree with a number of rootes thereto, rather out of fanev then fiohr whirl Clufim mtfltked. Some doe call It Arbor Gee, but of mod Ficus ImUca, and I have added arcuataiix a diffe rence from others. The Vermes. The fruite is good and wholefome tobe eaten,but I cannot learne if ever it was applyed to cure anv wound n ulcer in the body,or ufed in Phylicke, for any difeafe. 1 Chap. LXXII. Pyrtu. The Peare tree. Ecaufe Pearcs are fo like unto Figges tn the outward forme of them, I thinkegood to joyne then next thereunto, whereof there is both manured and wilde : the manured doe transforme them I “dyes into lo many fevcrall falhions,colours, and talks, that it would take up many leaves to de- , lenbe them at large as they might be, for not onely every Country abroad, and beyond the Seas I have fevcrall forts,which we never law or heard of,but in our owne Land alfo, there are fo manv that: it is almofl impoffiblcthat they fhould all come to one mans cerraine and petticular know- 'e I ihcwcd VOU 3 manv nf rhem in mu Orrharrl hprpmfran- \ c _... n_. , , / , , inouiu au come to one manscertaine and perticular know ledge (yet have I (hewed y ou a many of them in my Orchard heretofore.) Of the wild forts likewile there arc 2. Pjrusf)lvcfiru, The wilde or Choke Peare tree. Tymfaivi. The manured Peare tree. Tribe i6. The 'l heater of 'Plants* Cma p, 72, 1501 both abroad and at home fuch variety, that a man might (pend his whole time thoroughly to obierve and fee downe all the forts that are knowne in other places. I will therefore endeavour but to fliew you here a genersll defeription of the tree, both tame and wdde.with fome forts that are not expreffed in my former Booke. 1. Pyrtu jativa. 1 he manured Peare tree. The manured Peare in generall groweth higher, but llower then the Apple tree, more upright alfo and not fpreading the branches, and no lefie thicke,buc rather greater in thebulke or bodyrthe leave, are lomcwhat broa¬ der and rounder, greer.c above and whiter underneath then thole of the Apple tree the flowers are (mallerbuc whiter then the Apple bloffomes,and the fruite more long tl-^n round for the molt part, flnaller alfo at the ftalkc and greater at the head,of many differing fafhions,fzes,co!ours,and taftes, and times both in gathering and (pen¬ ding, fame being greene, fome ruff'et, other yellowifh or reddifh, fome great,others (mail, or long, or rounder fmooth,or bunched out, and fo for taftes alfo,fweetifo or lufhious, or delicate or waterifh.or hard and firme and well rellifhcd, or nor fo good robe earen raw,as baked or roafted, and fome tobefpentasfooneas they arena, theredjor foonc afeer, being Summer fruite, others nor to be Tpcnr untill the Winter te either come in,or neere or fully paft; each particular to every fruite we e too tedious: for this Workc being growne already (o volu¬ minous,and feeing ! have fhewedthem in parcelfewhere: The wood is fmooth clofc and firme, and ferveth for many ufes, both for formes to cut thelefigures ot the like in,and inltcad of wainfeot in many poore mens houfes and for many other purpofes. a. Pyrtu fylvcftrU. The Wilde or Choake Peare tree. The wilde Peare tree ufnally groweth tall and upright, like the manured kinde, and as little fpreading, but fometimes low and crooked, but fuller of branches, which maketh them the more knotty,the barke is blacker and more rugged,cleaving alfo in many places,and cafily to be pulled off ; with prickes and thornes fee here and there onthem, bur not fothickeas intheCrab, the leaves and flowers doe little vary, but that fome will have lsrier and others lefler leaves and flowers, which will alfo be a little deeper coloured then others, as the fruite befog greater or fmaller, and of a more or lefl'eharfhtalle, although all have fome, and the colour likewife in force is greene ordarkeruffec,andfome will be fo faire, yellow andicd, that they would invite any that feeth the in and knoweth them not to take and rafte of them, which then are fo different from their expectations, being harfh and unfavoury, that they prefcntly out with their purles and bellow this adage there on, Non eft Jempcrfides habe»4a from : yet this harfh unfavoury h uite, though later ripe then moll of the manured fortes, by being in part mel¬ lowed with the Autumnes coldes,and the ftanding of their j uyee being preffed forth and made into Perry, doth in time fo alter his former quality ofharfhnefle aud unlavourineffe, that it becommeth fully as cleere, and'aimoft as pleafant as white wine : the wood hereof is harder,firmer,and elofer then the former, and fo more knotty al¬ fo,whereby it becommeth mote frangible and fooner broken. J Of the manured Peares there is a fort that although it be a good W inter fruite,(wcete and well rcllilhed, efpe- cially if they be dewed or baked, yet the tree hath chornes upon it.like unto the wild fort, this was brought as it/v 7 is fatd from Naples into jhyMC.where'it is plenty, and called Poirier d‘ eftine, and the fruite Poire efbine, that is rJva Pyrtu fativafpinofa, the pritkely Peare, ’ The winged Peare hath a leafe akvayes.or two fometimes, growing to the Tides of it, as if it came out ofthe Peare,and may thereforcbecalled PjropbilU, whereof Gameraritu, fpeaketh in horto. The Pome-peare,or Apple-peare, which is a fmaU Peare,but round at both ends Iike an Apple, yet the tree is a U’m Peare tree. y j om//y- The Blood Peare, whofe infide is red, as the outfide is. Camerarim in horto maketh mention hereof likewife. m ‘ The Laxative Peare which looleueth the belly being eaten. Camerarm there alfo hath this. ’ Fyn,s The double bloflbmed Peare. This bore double flowers with Mailer Wmrdjoi the Kings Granary, but whether ” it te alive or dead, I am not affured; nor whether it kept the forme, or did alter, taxothu Tyrtu fylveftris. The wilde Peare tree. ■pjrmjtc- 1. Of the wilde kinde there are the great red Choke Peare, whofe colour and property, 1 have (hewed you in n ll ‘‘t licti the defeription. 1 2. The fmaller Choke Peare. 3. The Hedge Peare. 4. The lowfle Hedge Peare. 5 . The Crow wild Peare. < 5 , 7 . Wild P«res otCandj,the one they call Ach/ades,the other Aptfaga, as BeUtmhu faith.’ The opiate and Time. The manured forts are onely planted and preferved in Orchards for the purpofe, the wilde forts being fome found in ourowne Woods,ar.d planted in the Hedge-rowesof fieldes, to lave the ground of their growing and yet have as much ufe of them as by being abroad, the wild flowring and ripening their fruite later then thema- nured. The Names. The manured Peare is called in Greeke«v> 9 -,and in Latine Firsts, and Pyrin 4 frail ns ftoura etteod adTyramida- lufimtlitssdtnem , eUto in mtecronem turbinetur : 1 he wild Peare is calledin Grceke, by Theophrafim , 4 pri. vativo ttftt, tpttodnon Jit in ufufrttUtu ejue ad humanum corpus , ycr 'Diojcorides falch, a'xepi is a kind afwilde Peare of ic folic,and "Wa, in Latine Pints fylveftris, and Pyrafter,ot Pirafter .- all peaceable ages have beene much delighted with the variety of all forts of edible fruites, and therefore Cato , CoLamsUa y and others, but efpecially Pliny hath let downe the names of a numbcr,as they were well knowne in his time which how our age can pa- rallell ours unto them, I cannot tell;yet Lttgdttncnfis hath in fome fort endeavoured it to his French names bur how truely I know not, nor is it greatly mareriall for us to doe, beesufe names are often given from the place where they beft grow, or from the perfon that firft brought them into their Country, or was much delighted with them, or from fome other caufe or accident, which names are not fo fit for one Country as another: Wee have fo many in o wne Lind, that I never knew any one that could be poffeffed of all forts, although the v* drove to doe it as much as in them lay, for dill they were informed of (ome they had not: And I have declared a ma¬ ny of them in my former Booke. The tArabiam call ic Humctthe, Cirmetre , and Kcmctri. the Italians Fere th“ Spamitras the French Points } t\\t Germane* Bir r Biren i ^x\d Piren y the Dutch Btrrt&nd we Peare. Mmmmmm 3 d-O Tbeatrum Bctanicum, Tribe i6 F'-orc dupli- •Ptnwana. C H A P.73. T Vert ties. Pearcs of any gcod or rcafonable rellifh are more fpcnt for meate then medicine, and moft of them eaten raw at icverall times as they be fitted to fpend,or elfe ftewed or baked, as the kinde doth bed fute, and every one lift to ufe them; the forts alfo that are fictcd for the purpofe arc dryed in ovens to kcepc all the yearc,being an excel¬ lent repafte: fome are prderved in Sugar,as other fruites are,and ferved in banquets among other fweet meaces or drycJ up »f ter they are prdcived and lo put among other dry candid Junckers. The Warden is chiefly, yea onely admitted to be taken by the licke, and aguifh in that it hath no adridion therein to breede oblhudions, which are the utter enemies to putrid fe-wers. The wilde Pcares by reafon of their harflinefle, are not eaten as the milder fores are, except fome good kinde ftewed or baked,to ferve the pcore peoples dyet, the other fcarle He for the hogs to eare, and therefore are for the moft part where ftore of them grow, beaten and prefftd into s» liquour which is called Perry, of efpeciall good ufc at Sea in long voyages,to mingle with their frefh water, to make it the more healthful!, or lefl'e offenfive to thofe that muft continually drinke water: and will afrer fome time become to rnilde almoft as Wine ; and fit and wholefome to be dr unke : The Phyficall ufes of them both arethefe .* They are to hedifeerred beffby their ta(fes,fjr according to (jalou rule,the harfh or fowre doe coole ai d binde, the fweete doc notv ifh and warme, and thole that are neither much fweete or fowre, but betweene bo;h, have anfwe.able qualities to theirdegrecs: all the fweete or lufhious fort6 dcehelpe to moove thebelJy downewardb more or Idle, but thac fort much more, which hath the name of the Laxative Pears : thofe thacarc harfli or fowre, doe on the contrary part binde the belly as much,and the leaves doe fo alfo : thofe that are moift doe in fome fort coole, but the harfli or wilde forts much more, and ierve well to ufcinallcaufcs, where thete is mede ofrepelling medicines, and if the wild forts be boyled with Mufhromes, it maketh them the Idle dangerous, and it is laid alio tint the allies of the Peare tree wood being taken in drinke, or the lye of them be¬ ing drunk. dorh helpe them that are like to be choked with eating Mi.fhromcs.-The faid Pcares boyled withalir- tle hony,doth help the flomack very much,that hath any paines or opprefiion thcrein.all forts of them fomemore or lelfe, buc the harfher forts doe moft coole and binde oatwardly applyed : and ferve Well to be bound togreeitc ovounds.to coole and (lay th blood,and to helpe to heale up the wound without inflammation or further trou¬ ble: Which courfe £?«/:* bimfelle as he faith was driven to ufe upon an exe^ent not having any otherthingac hand for the purpofe: Wild Pearcs therefore in the like-csfe doc more dole up the lippes of greenc wounds then the other. Perry is a drinke thic whofoever ufethat home being not accuftomed to it, will wring ihem a little by the belly, and will a little force it downeward, but being more ufed itworketh not fo at all,but rather cooleth an hot or fainting ftomacke,helping thedigeftion being temperately taken : but at Sea by the working thereof it is made more comfortable,taking away the crudity and rawnefte of the water. Chap. LXXIII. Malm. The Apple tree. « He Apple likewife is divided into tame or manured,and wilde, the one ferving for Orchards, to be tended and regarded,"he other to be left to the W oods and H edge rowes of fieldes. Scc.as I did there¬ fore with Pearcs in the former Chapter fo 1 mcane to dealc with Apples in this, give you a general! defcripi ion both of tame and wilde, and the other forts, that is, elpecially the W ildings or Crabfces, which were not mentioned in u>y former Booke. i. Mahu vulgaris. The common Apple tree. The Apple tree in generall fpreadeth his armes and branches more then the Peare tree, but rifeth not to that he ight,the leaves are lomewhac round,a little long pointed towards the ends of them,and dented about the edges greene both above and below : th? flowers white and a little blufh coloured about the edges, confifting of hve leaves,the fruite th .c followed] in this as in the former,is of divers fizes.formes, colours, and taftes, and likewife of variable ripening and lading, for fome will be rotten before others be ripe,and fome mull be fpent, before o- thers be gathered. The double b'offomid Apple diftcrcrh from the former in nothing, but in the flowers, which are double, and that it beareth no fruite. 2 . tJMalm fjlveftru. The Wilding or Crabbe tree. The Crabbe grow e:h fume what like the Apple tree, but full of chornc?,and thicker of branches the flowers are aiike : but the fruite is generally fmalland very fowcr,yet fome more then others,which the Country people to amend, doe nfually roft them at the fire,and make them their Winters junckets: whereof fome are redder or whiter,or greener, or yellower then others, being feldome much regarded, or diftinguifhed more then to make Cyder or Ver.; Joyce of all lorts being indifferently put together. 3 . Cbamx malm. Thedwarfeor Faradife Apple. TheParadife Apple is alfo a kinde of wilde Apple,yet no Crab, foritisnot grafted likethe manured forts, but as the Crab,iileth without grafting to be a tree of low ftature, not much higher then a man may reach, ha¬ ving leaves and flowers like the former:the fruit is of a reafonable fize.faire and yellowifh,but light and fpongy, ofa bitter fweet tafte, not pleafant, and will not Uft long but quickely fhrinke and wither: the body and bran¬ ches are much f'ubjeft to the Canker, which will quickely cate it round and kill it, and befides will have many fcaboy bunches that deforme it and caufe it to perifh, and this as it groweth elder,for it is full of fuckers, from the roote,which will be as faire and fmoth,as of any other tree. Of the manured fort there is one whofc flowers are wholly white & fmaller,the tree lower agd the fruit fmaller. There is another which hath no kernels within the core. Of the manured kinde, the Holland Pippin muft be remembred, which is a flat and yellowifh greene Pippin, and of as good a rellifh as moft of the other Pippins,and of a meane fize. Of Wildings or Crabs,therc is the Towne Crab,the greater and letter red Crab, the grciter and Icffer white Crab,and the final! hedge Crabbe. The The P liter find Time, The better farts of Apples are planted in Orchards,and lorn6 of the other, as the dwarfe kinde, the Wildings or Crabs grow in Woods generally,yet arc planted in the hedges in many Countries of this Land to make Cy¬ der withail, the Apples in gencrall flower, and bud forth leaves later then Pcares, and ripen earlier or later for the mod part,according to the kinde. The Names. It is called in Greeke /*«*w,aud the fruite ^»Aoyn Latine c Malta and c Malttrh, or Pomw and Pomum, yet Po~ mum is a generall word including the fruites of many other treesior fume would diftinguifh all lorts of fruites into Pomum and Nacem-^ux. Scaliger faith the opinion of thofe Grammai ians b too ridiculous : it is therefore u- iually called Malta, but yet that word likewife is referred to divers other kindesof trees, as Malta Cydomaftve Cotone a,A / falta Medicavel Citria,Alalia Limoni a, (JMalw Aura* feu Auraxtia, MetlUt Perfica, Malta Punic a, Malws Arminiaca vcl pracocia,and many others,and Pliny numbreth Zizypha, and Tttbcrcs among them, who re- citeth the namc6 of a number of forts frequent with them, as he doth every where with other loiits pf fruites, which to relate here were impertinent, efpecially tous, who can apply but very f&w of them to thofe forts arc: knownc among us,and to fave time co fpend to better pnrpofe. Comariw raketh ini' Caftan* mala which £>/«- mella calleth Sejliana , to be the Arantia Orcngc : but Galen appointing the Cafiiana mala to be boy led, to give one for the head ache, did not meanc the Orenge,which was neither knowne to him or in his rnne,nor yet is ufed to beboyled. The Arabians call it Tufa and Tufalia, the Italians Mile, the Spaniards Manfards, the French pomier and Pome, the Germanes neere to be S**™? “ v . et / d 7 lth . a w . blte f ? eze ° r c ««". thicke let on the younger, and' growing leffe, as rfiey grow to be thorough ripe, bunched out oftentimes in feme places, feme being liket an Apple, and fomea Pearc, of a ftrong heady Cent, and not durable to keepe, and is f 0 W i C ,harfh, andofanun ' ' " ' .,j . baked, or preferved becom- being fealded,rolled, meth very pleafant 2 . Cydonia Lttfitanica. The Tcrtugall Quince. _ The onely difference in thi^is in the fruite,which is oftwo forts,the Apple Quince is great and yel¬ low, fcldome comining to be whole or feene with¬ out chapping, it is fo pleafant being frefh gathered that it may be eaten like an Apple without offence, but dreffed after any the wayes aforefaid,itis much moie pleafant: the pearc Quince is like ihe other, but nor fit to be eaten raw like the former.bntmull bee prepared after fome of the wayes before fee downe, andfo it will take up Idle Sugar then the Englijbjoczank it is pleafant of it felfe. 3 , CydoniaBarbaricA, The Barbary Quince, This is like unto the lad in" goodnefle and plea- fantneffe, but leflcr in bigncfTe, not cleaving at all. ThcLyons Quinceisa reafonable great Quince, tajdara-like the £»j/;yS,but not lo yellow as the PortingaH fort. The Brunfmcke Quince is altnofl round, neither like peare nor Apple. 7 be Place and Time, The firft is our EngHfh Quince, that bed likes to grow neere ponds and water (ides, and is frequent through the Land, the other have their placesex- prefled iu their titles: and flower not untill after thcleavesbe come forth ; thefruire being ripe of the Portugal! and Barbary , about the middle ot Stp- trwAn-uluaily.the othst later by a moneth, The Names, It is called in Greeke“»'>r !Ut dJfam, and inLatine Alains Cydonia , a Cydone Crete oppido dicitur unde prima aditihi fanh Pliny £ato [irfl called it Gotcuea Alai and F!:»y after him; T>ioJcoridet and Ca. len have but two lorts.the one fmall and round, and the other greater but Idle ulefull, called Strutbia, unpleafant tafte, to eate frefh, but Xnufiti. /cefis. Malm Cotoned vtdgsou, Tl.c ordinary Quince cree, which Tribe i6. 'Tbe’Theater of Plant's. Chap,? 5. 1505 which as Cjalen faith isfo called in Afia, Colnmella fetteth downe three forts, Struthia great ones, Chryfomela gold colour, and Mafic* zudy ones,but little, Virgil in his third SccUg, calleth the Chryfomela a wild lore inthefe Verfes. Quod pottei, (jlveflri ex arbor' led a Attrea mala decemmife , erai altera mittam. But ‘Pliny hath erred very much in faying that the Struthiaot Strmbiomela, arc (null, contrary to Diofcorider Galen, and Columella. The Arabtam call it Sajfargel, the Italian! Melocotogno, the S pmards Afembritlit, and’ Marmdto, and from thence is our Marmelate of Quinces called MarmeLides, the French Corny, and Pommedc coing, the Germane! KuttenQniuenbaum, and the fruite Kuttinopfell,the ‘Dutch Qneboom and Queappel, and we Qnincetrce,and Quince. TheVertnej . Quinces have a cold and earthy (acuity in them, and by thereafonof their great binding,they moTlcn the body lefle then other Incites, for they aie cold in chefirll, and dry in the fecond degree : they are acceptable to the flomacke, but much more baked.rotted,or fealded then otherwile : yet when they ate greene they helps all forts offlixes in man or woman,and chollericke laskes,callings,ar.d whatloever needeth a(lriaion,moie then any way prepared by fire, yet the Syrupe of the juyee, ortheconletvc, isfomewhat conducible for much ofthe bindin" quality is confumed by the fire if a little vinegar be added, it ttirreth up the languilhing appetite, and the flo¬ macke given to catling, and if fomc Ipices it comforteth and flrength: neth the decaying and fainting Ipirits, and helpetb the liver opprefl, that it cannot perfeft the digeflion, and correfteth chollour and flegme ; if you w'ould have them purging, put honey to them in (lead of Sugar, andifmorelaxative adde for chollcmr Rubarbe, for flegme Turbith, for watery humours Scamony : but if more forcibly to binde.ufe the unripe Quinces with Ro¬ les and Acacia, or HypociftbU, and fome torrefied Rubarbe: To take of the crude j'uyce of Quinces is held a pre- fervative againll the forccjsf deadly poyfon, not fullering it to have any force in the body, for it hath becne of¬ ten found moft certaine true,that the very ftnell of a Quince hath taken away all the flrength of the povfon of £7. leborut albne, which Hunters make to kill wild beads, by dipping their Arrow heads therein: it hath bee'nc alfo found certaine, that if Quinces be brought into a houfe where Grapes arc hung up to be kept dry all the yeare, they will affuredly rot with the very fmellofthem: If there be neede of any outward binding and coo¬ ling of any hot fluxes, the oyle of Quinces, or the other medicines that may be made thereof,are very available toannoync the belly or the other parts therewith, it likewifeftrengthenctn the domackeand belly, and the fi- rues that are loofened by fharpe humours falling on them,and reliraineth immoderate I weatings: the miccilane taken from the feeds of Quinces,boyled a little in water,is very good to coole the heate,heale the fore breads of women, who have them lore by their childrens default or otherwife: the fame alfo with a little Sugar is good to lehefietheharfhncfTeandhoarfeneffe of the throate, and roughnelfe of the tongue: the cotton or downe of Quinces boyled in Wine and applyed to plague fores,healcth them up, and laid as a plaifter made up with waxe, it bringeth haire to them that are bald,and keepeth it from falling, if it be ready to fhed. Chap. IXXV. Malm Medica velCitria, The Pomecitron tree. Lthough diverfe have ufed this word of CMahu Medica ,to comprehend under it all the other kindea of Lemmons and Orrcnges,yet 1 meane to diltinguifh them feverally,and take it but for one kinde which as the mod principal!,I will fet in the firfl place and the red to follow, whereof there hath becne obferved in divers Countries, divers varieties, and their names let downe by fundry Au- ixrhirh hour flints Ane* au-trmt* T _ L _ i ^ . J *■**- *r aaw \jy luuui y uU* thours, which how they doe agree together I cannottcll, fofewofthem having beene feene in our Land. I will therefore here (hew you thofc few that Clnfm hath fet downe, with lome o- thers of our ownc obfervation t. Malta Citriamajor, The greater Pomecitron tree. The greater Citron tree groweth not very high, in fomc places but with a (liorc crooked body, but in others roc much lower then the Lemmon tree,fpreading fundry great long armes and branches fet with long and fharpe thornes^nd faire large.and broad frefh grccne leaves a little dented about the edges, with a (hew of almod invi- fible holes in them, but leffe then the Orenge leaves have, olavery fweetefent, the flowers grow ar the leaves ail along the branches, being (omewhat longer then thofe of the Orrenge, made of five thickc, whitilh, purple or blulT leaves with lome threds in the middle, after which all the yeare long followeth fruite, for ir is feldo.ne dene without ripe fruire, andhalfc ripe,and fmall, young and greene, and bloflbmes all at once : Thiskind bea¬ red) great and large fruite, (bme asgreatasaMuske Melon, yet others Idler,but all otcfysm with a rugged bun¬ ched our,and uneven yellow barke.thicker then in any of the other forts, and with fmall (lore of fowre iuyee in the middle, and fomewhat great pale whitifh or yellow feede with a bitter kern.ll lying in it, the fmell of this Apple is very flrong, but very comfortable to the fenfes. ■ a. Citria maim minor jive Limonera, The lelfer Pomecitron tree. [506 Chaf* 75 » 1 Theatrum c Boianicum. RIBS. l6. 4 , Limonera dulcUm Svveecc Limoonesor Limerones. n the fruit of chis tree which the Spaniards as Clufius faith call Limones del £mpcrador, is the greareft difference rom the laft,which is fmaller then it, but twice as big as a great Lemmon,of a deeper \ellow coloured barke.and thinner by much, being full of juyee,but fweete and pleafan? and may be familiarly eaten, with the rinde and all. 5 . Limonera acida. Sowre Limooncs,or Limerones. , This fowre Limoonc is very like chis laft, but * fomewhat bigger, more yellow rinded, and fomevvhatrugged, the jayee whereof is more lower then it,yct lefler then of a Lemmon. 6. Lim'nerd multiformis. Changeable Limoones or Limerones. The fruite hereof is wholly ncere unco a flefli colour,and of divers formes, fome being of one and feme ofanochcr fafliion,not conftant in any; the Spaniards call it Limones de figures. The Place and Time, All thefe forts of Citrons grow in Spaitte ,with thole that are curious, to nourfe up rare fruites, but gained from fundry places abroad; and the laft from the fortunate Iftands. Their time is without time, even all the yeate throughout, flowring and bearing fruite, , The Names. The firft and great Pomccirroo, is called in Greeke a «=W>,thac is, Mains medic *, Theo - ph'afipu faith lib. 1 , c. 4 . that it came firft from Aiedia and Perfis , and therefore was called Ma- Itim ALedtcum indTerficum, and fomc have cal¬ led ic Malum Ajfyritsm, others I Malum Curium cr Citreum , as alfo Oedrome la, and Qitromela, and Citrangula : fomealfo call it Citrus arbor, and fome Cedrus Theophrafii (Sr Diofcoridis, and fomc Poncires efttaji Pomacitria . And the fe- cond is called by f'lstfus Limonera^ he faith the Spaniards fo call the tree, and the fruite Limones , as they doe the reft that follow, with their other fcverall deno¬ minations,becaufe both tree and fruite differ from the firft or true Citron, which they call Cidrxs, the Italians Ce- ^i.and Citrons, the French Citrons, the Gcrmanes Citrinoepjfell , the T>sstch Citreen , and Citreenboom, and we in EngU[h the Citron, or Pomecitron tree or fruite. The Verities. All the parts of this fruite both the outer and inner rinde, both juyee and feed are ofexcellent life,and of con- trary eftedls one unto another, as fome hot and dry, others cold and dry -• the outer yellow rinde is very fweete in itnell, very aromaticall and bitter in tafle and dryed is a very foveraigne cordiall for the heart: and an excellent antidote againlt venome and poyfon, againft the plague or any other infeftioni it warmeth and com- foitcch acoldorwindyfloinacke, mightily difiulving the winde, and difperfingraw cold and undigefled hu¬ mours therein, or in ihebowels: being chewed in the mouth it amendeth an evil I breath, and caulethagood one ■ it alfo helperh digeffion, and is good againft: mefancholly: thefe outer rindes being preferred with Sugar, are ufed as a junker,moie then in any phyficill manner, yet are they often ufed in cordiall electuaries, prelerva- twes againft mfeftion and mefancholly,and other the difeales aforefaid. It alfo helpcth to loofen the body, and j therefore there is a folitivc elebtuary made thereof called EleShtasium de Citro feluTivum. to evacuate the bo- dyes, or cold flegmatickc conflitution--,and may be alfo lately ufed where choller is alfo mixed with fl.-gme, The i mner white rinde of the fiuite'S alinolt unlavoury and without taffc, and is not ufed in any manner olphyficke, ut being preferred ferveth to fort with other Suckets at banquets; the fowre juyee in chc middle is cold and far re furpafleth that of Lemons in the effefts, although not fo fliarpe in tafle : it is lingular good in all peflilentiall and burning fearers, torellramc the venome and rnfedion, to fupprefle the violence of dialler, and hoc diflemp.-r of the blood, and excmguifh thn ft, and correfteth the ill difpofition of the Liver, ftitreth up an appetite, and re- rrefheth the overfpent and fainting fpirits; refifteth drunkenneffe, and helpeth the turnings of the Braine by the hot vapours anfing thereinto,and caufing a fi enfie or want of fleepe: the feede is the fall to be fpoken of, but not of the lead property, for it not onely equalieth the barke, but furpalleth it in many particulars, although r- , beiv 1508 Chap. 77. ’Tkeatrum ! Botanicum . T r i b e 16 being (harper,cooleth more, bur doth noc equally refift putride humours like it: anounc"e and ahalfe ofrhc" Joyce of unripe Lemmons drunke with a little Malmefy hclpeth to clenfe and expell the done out of the kidneyes and likewifekillcth and driveth forth the wormes inthe body oi men.or thildren if an angell of gold ori'o nnch weight of pure ieafe gold be let to (leepe in three or foure ounces of pure juyee of Lemmons for fot’trc and twenty hourcs, and then taken out,or the /ayce drained cleanc from it, acdlome of it given in a cup of Wine, with a little pottthcr of Angelica roote unto any infefted with the Plague, and dangeroufly ficke, (if there be any hope or likelihood of recovery J it will helpe them, the Icedesofthefe are likewile almollas effctfluall as of the Citrons, the juyee ol the fweete Lemmons is neither fo cooiing nor lb operative for any of the purpofes afore mentioned. The deitilled vvatet in glaffe from the inner pulpe or fublianceofLcmmonscleareth the skin from all freckles,fpots or other markes in the lace,or in any other part of the body, provoketh urine, and breaketh and cxpellcchtheftone being drunke, and helpethalfo the tunning (cab, and killerh lice in the head, thewormesin the hands or nofe.and pufhesand wheales in the skinne. The juyee of Lemmons is lingular good toufe at Sea in long voyages to put into their Beverage to keepe them from the Scurvy, whereto long Sea journies are much fubjeft ; as alfo the more abundantly to quSnchtheir third in thole hoc climates t ic is no letTe ufefull at home for Dyers, who Ipend much of it in linking fundry dainty colours which will never be well done with¬ out it. MoIm Arar.lia vulgaris. The ordinary Orrenge tree. Chap. LXXVII. Malit* Arantia . The Orengc tree. Have like wile five lorts or rather kindes ofOrrenges to fliew yon, which are thefe. i. (JMalw Arantia vu!garie % The ordinary Orrenge tree. I he grafted or ordinary manured Orrenge tree groweth often to a very great hekhth and bio- niffe.fpieading large armes and branches wuh a rougher barke below, and fmootli°gieeiic on the branches, yet it is alfo often found lefle in lefle fruitcfull foilcs, fparingly armed with fharpe fait fhort thornes, the leaves are fome what like untothofeofthe Lemmon, but chat each Ieafe hath a pcece of a Ieafe let under it and are not dented at all about the edges,and are as full offmall holes in them, as any of the former, the flowers are vvhitifh.but of a ftronget fweete lent then any of the red, and ufed to many other purpolcs then either of the other: the ft uite hereof is round,with a tfrickc bitter rindc, ofa deepe yellowifh red colour, which from it taketh the name of an Orrenge colour, havingafofcwhiteloofefubftancc, next untothe outer coloured nnde.and a lower juyee lying mixed among (malhkinncs in fcvcrall parts, as in the-other forts, with fuch like feed alfo : the j’uyce of lornc is Idle lower then othersjand ofa tafte betweene fower and Iwce: neere unto Wine. 2, Malta Arar.ti*fyh'flril. The wilde or Crabbe Orrenge tree. TheCrabbe Orrenge tree (as cur Ctabbs Apple tree) groweth wild, and is fuller ofbranches, and thicker fee with thornes,the flowers and leaves are alike, but lefler, and the fruice is very fmall, and of a pale yellow colour, with a thicke rindc and little juyee or fharpe within it, but plaincly tiffing as a Crabbe with us, differ; th from a good fruice. 3, Afaluf Aramiti cortice child eduli, * The Apple Orrenge. , This Orrenge difteieth froa-) others noc fomnch in the colourof [he outer barke which i ofa deepe gold yellow- iflircd, but in the whole fruitc, which is through c ut as firme almoft as an'Apricockc, and 3 ec. diftinguifhed into parts on the infide, like others, which together with the barke or rinde ib to bee eaten 1 ike an Apple, the ba: ke or rindc not being bitter or tough like the reft ; the Spaniards call this 2%ara*jjt caxel, 4 . Mahti Arant 'ia unicograno . The Orrenge without feedes. This onely differeth from that Orrenge withthebeft lower ju \ce in having but one grainc or ked in the whole juyee lying within it. f. Malm Aranda pnmllio. The Dwarfe Orrenge tree. The ftocke of this dwarfe tree according to his name is low, and the branches grow thicke, well fiored with leaves, hut they are lefler and narrower then the other,the flowers alfo are many, and thicke fet on the branch es, which beare fruite more plentifully then the former, but is lefle then tire greater forts, yet as u'cll coloured. The Place and Time, All thefe forts likewife wc have leene being brought us fro x\ Spaixe, and Porti»£aU t the hedge or wilde Crabbe TriB K 1 6 . The Theater of T hints. CHAF.78. fruite from the hither parts of d)>siKf,andkeepe time witfuhe reft. The Names, It is thought that thefe Apples were knotvnetothe auncients who called them Mala aterea Hejperidam, bein'* rare any where elfe.and therefore Hercules made it one ofhis taskea or labours to flay the D agon that kept the Garden where they were, and brought them away with him : Some call them Anrantia a corticis calare aarea and (omeM’antiaab Aramiaappido diSa.Somt Pamum Narantissm, T>odonaue Anarantinm, and Label .Malar* aureum, which name doth beft fiute with them for Golden Apples they are indeed All nations call them ac¬ cording to the Latine,and Clafcai faith the Spaniards cal! them Naranjos, and the third fort here fee downe Na. ranja eaxel, the derm acre cal) the Orrenge Posner ante, and the French Pommrs d" Orrnges. The flowers ofthe Orenge tree are called Naph.i, and the oy ntment made ot them Vnguentttm ex Napha. The Vert sees. The rindc of the Orrcnges are bitterer and hotter then thofe of Lemmons,or Citrons,and therefore doe warrne a cold ftomacke the more,helping to breakethewindetheiein,and the flegme, and after the bitternefie is taken from them by deeping them in water for fundrydayes, and then prelcrved either wet or dry, betides theirufe inbanquets, they arclitrleleflecftecluall for the ftrengchening of the heart and fpirits, and the other qualities that Citrons have : the jnyce is farre iiiferiour to either of them, and are fitter for meate then medicine, yet foure or five ounces of the j'uyce taken at a time, will drive forth putrid liumottrs from the inner parts by Rvcat and after ftrengthen and comfort the heart. The deftillcd water of the flowers, befides the odoriferous fent it hath,fit for an/ perfume,it is good againft contagious difeafo.and peftilentiall feavers, to drinke thereof at iun- dry rimes, it hclpeth alfo the cold and moift infirmities of the mother: the oyncmenc that is made of the flowers is often ufed to annuint the ftomacke to hclpe the cough, and to expeftorate the cold raw flegme, and to warrne and comfort the other places of the bodyes. Chap. LXXVIII. \Malttm Ajjyria vel Poma Ad ami, Adame Apple. His tree for the moft parr groweth asgreatas the Orrenge tree, yet fometimes it i, nohigherthenrhe Citron tree, andI fpreadeth faire great armes and branches with few, and thofe fliort thornes upon them the leaves are faire and large,almoft as great as thofe of the Citron or Lemmon tree,pounced with holes in the like manner, the flowers alfo are not much unlike, but the fruite that followeth is more like un¬ to an Orrenge, yet two or three times bigger, pale yel’ow rinded, thicke, rugged or uneven, and with fomerifts or chaps thereon, as if it had bcenc bitten, ffrom whence was obtruded that fond opinion unto the vulgar, for wife men would be aftiamcd of fo ri- diculous an opinion, that it was the fruite that Adam tafted in Paradice,and that therfore the matkes fhould remaine upon the whole kinde ever after but thu3 have you three or foure trees folded into mens conceits by irreligious cozeners, for Adams Apple, like to :he reft of the Rcllickes in the World) a Spongy fubftance nexttoit, and with an acide lweetc juyee, yetnotfo pleafant as others, lying in parts and round feedesa- mongft it like the Citron, which may be eaten altoge¬ ther like the Apple Orrenge as Clu[tas faith. The Place and Time, This groweth with the other forts in fimdry places of Spaine, among the Monasteries, or with others that are curious of rare fruites, and is in nature like the reft, ever green, and bearing flowers and fruite all the yeare long. The Names, This is called by fome Pomttm, and Malum lAJJpri. m, as denoting forth the place of his originall, the more generall part Poma Adami, yet Carches in bifloria, calletb it Citri M altera, the Spaniards as Cl.-ft a.i faith, call it Toronjaa, and iome Zamboas, as the Portingalt doe,the Italians Lomie, and Pams di Adorno, the French Pmetres in general!. The properties hereof are referred to the Lemmons yet having a milder j'uyce, and therefore not fo much regarded as the others; it is by fome ufed to kill the itch and take away the fcihs, to cut one of thefe through the middle, and thereon to call fome fine pou- ther of Brimftone,being heated under the cinders, and rubbed on the parts affected afterwards. Meltua.a/fjTta vclPoma Adami. Adam Apple. III! f, Nnn nnn Cka? Thsatrum c Botanieum. ' r i b a i6. Chap. LX XIX. C JMajUi Pm me a. The Pomcgarnet tree. |He Pomegarnet tree isditlinguifhed into the manured, bearing fruite, and into the wiide bearing none ; each of thefe have likewile diverfities in them : Of the manured fruice,there is both lower and ) fweere,andof a winy tafle betweene lower and fweetc,for fo they are diftinguiflied in rhe Coun- 5 tryes where they grow ; the wildckinde Iikewife is oftwo forts, and both bearing double Bowers, but one greater then another.but no fruice ever followeth them. Punicafttiva. The Pomegamet tree bearing fruite. This Pomcgarnet tree groweth not great in the warrac Countries 3 and where ic is naturall (and with us riling for the moft part into fundry brownifh twigges) not above (even or eight foocc high, Ipreading into many flen- der branches, here and there fet with thornes, and with many very faire greene fhining leaves like in forme and bignelfe unto the leaves of large Myrtle leaves, every one upon a fmall reddifh footeflalke: among the leavescome forth here and there, the flowers which are like bell flowers, broad at the brimmes andlmallcr at the bottome, being one whole leafe, divided at the toppe into five parts, of an orient red crimfon colour na¬ turally, but much paler with us, and many veines running through it, with divers threds in the middle; and (landing in a brownifli hollow cup, or long haidhuske: the fruite is great and round with a harettmooth brow¬ nie red rinde,nc t very thicke, but yellowifh on the infide, and a crowne at the toppe Acred plentifully with a mod cleare liquor or juyee like wine, either fwcece or lower,or betweene both,full of feedes, incloled in skins, and the liqueur among them : fometimes this breaketh the rinde as it groweth which will caufe it to roc quicke- Abfcuc fc- ty' C°rdut in kijtoria makech mention or one that hath no kernell or feed within it, and doth alio mention a wild minibus, kinde to grow in Spatne, and Africa, which I cannot beleeve to be any other than that wild kinde with double flowers, which followeth next to t.is to be delcribed, for he maketh that which beareth fruite to hive a double flower which is not fo. 2. Malw Punic a fylveflrU major jive BalanFlium majtti . The greater double bloflhtwed Pomegarnet tree. The great wildc Pomegarnet tree with us, groweth altogether into Bender brownifli branches, with feme thornes among them, and fhining greene leaves fomewhat larger then the former, but into a Ihrubby low tree naturally, from the branches flioote forth flowers very double, as large as a double Province Role, but wi:h (horterimali lea ves, of an excellent bright crimfon colour, tending to a filken Carnation, Handing in brownifli hard cups or huskes, divided into five parts: there followeth no fruice unto thefe. 5 - Balajltum minus. The lefler double Pomegarnet tree. This fmaller kinde differeth from the other bur little,the leaves oncly are of a ladder greene colour.thcflowers fmaller 4 andleffe thicke,and double, andofafadderred Orrenge tawnie colour, fetalloin fuch like hard cups CM Ui Tunica five GranattefrnQus. The fruite or Poxcgiaiutcs. or huskes. chat hath them mixed with white and red. The manured kindes grow in Spai«e,Pc,tngail,ltaly, and in other wartne Countries, but with us prefcrved r and houfed with great care: and the wild kinde with much more : 1 hey flower very hardly with us,the firft not untill c May, and the other much later. The Names. The Pomegarnet is called in Greekeer'*' and egi, and by Hippocrates in Latin e Malut Tanka, and Malm Granata, and ttK frtiite Ma- /am gr aratam,or Pamcam, becaufe it is thought that they were broughc overfrom that part of where old Carthaga Hood, into that pait of Spaine, which is now called Granada, and from thence called Grana- txm : The flowers of the tame kinde as Diofcorides faith are called Cyti- »>,yet/ 7 i»yniakcth the flowers of the wilde kinde to be called C'ytimu, and the flowers both of tame and wilde to he BaUufitum , buc properly as I take it,Cytinue is the cup.whercin the flower, as well of the rame as wilde kinde doth (bnd,for unto their likeneffe, both the flowers and feed veffeis of Afarum ,and the leede vedels of Hyofcyamut arc relembled, and not unto the whole flower, and BaLaflium is generally with us taken to be only the double flowers ofthe wilde kind: the rinde of the fruitS is called in Creekcand aifitv, and foallo Pfidtttm and Sidiam in Latine but generally tMaliceriam or Cortex grana'.oram : The greater double blollomed kinde is called TSa/aulfiam Creticum and Cyprium, bccaufeic growerh in both places, and the lad iS called it omanum. The Arabians call it Kuman and Raman, the Italians Mein nran.ua, and Pomngranato, the Spaniards Granadas and Romanos, the French Grenadier the tree, and Pomede Cjrenadu .and Migraine the fruite, the Germans Granatoepjfel, the 1 DutchGranaetappcl, and we in Englijb PomegranctorPomcgarneC. TheVertues , All the forts of Pomegarners breed good elood.but nourilh little, and are helping to the ftomacke, yet thole that are fweete pleafe bell, bu£ that they fomewhat heate it and breede winde, and therefore forbidden in agues, becaufe they breede choller •• the fower doe binde, and are fie for an hot fainting (lomacke, and (lay catling, and provoke urine, and are fomewhat offenfive to the teeth and gummes, in the eating: thole that are of a meane or winy tafle, are indifferent to each part: the feedes within the fruite, or the rinde thereof doc binde very forcibly, ei¬ ther the pouther or the decoftion taken,and (lay calling, the bloody fl’ixe,womens courfes either red or white th- fpitttng ofblood,andthe running ofthereynes; itis laid alio that they are good for the droplie : the flowers workethefameeffefts: the fruite is good againlt the bitings ofthe Sea Hare, and the bitings of the Scorpion and (layeth the immoderate longings of women withichilde, the decoftion ofthe rinde, crleedes ol the fruite’ with a little Syrope put to it ; is good againfl Cankers in the rr.ouih, and ulcers in the privy parts, the fundament* or any other part of the body, and is good againll the rupture, it belpeth alio the ulcers or running (ores in the cares or nofe, or rheumes in the eyes, to be dropped or injcdled, and faftneth loofe teeth, deftrojech the flat wormesin the body, and hclpeth to take away wens, or the like out-growings intheflefh: with the rinde of* ornegarnets inflead of Gaules, or elfe with the Gaules alfo^is made the bed fort of writing incke. exceeding the ordinary, both for blackcnefle and durability. 5 Chap. LXXX. Prnmu. The r Iume tree. H F Plummes there is f u ' hc reof Camerarim and Tmhir.m in his MatthUbu, and Gefner in hurt i i The Ail. mentioni whole kernels within tnerugged (tone is noc bitter as others are,but fweete like an Almnnri makt mond 2. Nueiperfica, The Ncdlarin. * p«di. The Neftarin feldome groweeh fogreae as the Peach, the body and elder bouohes hfin. u and the younger branches very red, whereon grow long leaves,very l.kc thole of the Peach • theblnlT wife is lcddifh, but hath fmaller and nairower leaves, and the fruite that follows th is as rnnnd! If 0 ”* lke ' fmall Peach, but fmooth on the outfide.and not rough or cottony as the Peach, norhavinu am, rl,fr llu 8 ie atasa colours and taftes, lome grecncotlurs whmfti or yellow, and Line red more the n othe rs ad U ofd f cr ' n g wThi» u “ ancc>and mjrc dd,catc then the Piach ' but withfi “ h * 5. Fafia arbor Clitfij The Lsurell Peach. This ftrangetree whereof onely fii ft made mention, isa realonable great tree fnre,*;** „„i branches,and hue fliffe greene leavesonthem like unto the large Bay leaves,grayilh underneath Til veir.es running through them, lweete both in lencand tafte, but a little Itipticke ap^ birino ,v a d ■° mccrc ' {Ic thofe of ihe Bay tree, and grow many, and thicke let together intuits, attheend'sof fix pale coloured leaves a peece, after which come fruite, at the firft greene and like a nlummp I , . ln ? of is long and formed like a peare, of a blackc colour and pleafant tafte. having a long and round ker , S P 1? W ‘T ri P e of the fafhion of an heart, and of the talk of a Chefnut or Almond : this abidethK iZ ^ "• leaves in Winter. vvayes greene, not loofirg the Th: Ph.ce and Time. The two firft are familiarly nourfedupin our Orchards and gardens through the Land hnrfmm • , . original! I cannot (hew you: Thelaft CUfim faith was brought forth of thcWeft indies „d„i ? 1S their nafte. y in Spam, where he faith he onely law one tree.and none any u here elle yet he und-rflond"^ 'i",'^ 0 " r^ ; atW/,thathehadli.chanothcr g rowm g withh,m: The/a, 1 The Names, The Peach is called in Grecke wxta. and pcj^Mv* a !(o k v r om • T • w . n r not ^c e a tut from Frecoaa ,and Armenia, and by him made all ih, ce to be belter then Peaches^ • ,?“ drived from the Latmes Buracina, but rather i contra. Ihe Neftarin is called bv Maul falpmtu Xmiperfica btcaufe it refembleth the Wallnut in the round fmooth outer rinde V a ^d the h” d meate/ubftance and done. ^*i/«Mcalleth it *?«•&«*».v, by the fame intention and ^ ^ ln tbe The laft Clufim makcih the queftion, whether itbe not the Perfcaot Theophrafttu hb\ c 2 nr n* ride,, Galen;?tiny and others, doe make memion of alfo, and which Thlphrajlm ddcribeth "0 ^° T faire tree, and mod like unto the Peare tree, both in leaves flowers and branches, but that this ha* an r "?* fling leafr; it beareth much fruite, and is ripe at all times, the young dill follow the old- the f uirr Is f 1, 7- 1 ' neffe of a Peare,long and like an Almond, and of a greer.e colour, it bath a done wirhin bri m cf tbc b 'S' much lefte, and of a fofter fubftancc.very fweete, thus farre Tbeophraftiu. Now let me defe'an! VrlTT’ ^ and compare them. Firft,the leaves of Perfea, laith Thcophraftm a / e mo fl like unto th! leaf r 1 ^ llCreon > and this faith Cbfim is like unto the greated Bay leak, ihe one is aimed asbroad as long and^he'o hT!""’ as long as broad,befides it is (mall pointed, the flowers of Per/ea are like the Peare tree th 2 h °' h ? ‘ w,ce then i lufe of the Bay,and doe not grow io roa cy together as this dn-h nnMcrh^t^ * c i ^ are much larger the fruite of Clufna is blace.ot this greene, of that!,ke a Peare, of this as bi^c "as a 'a ! of this the done is like a Plumme.ot that likaan Heart, whichis round and nor flar L r u ’ , llke an Almond, batn ripe fruite onely in Autumne, this at all times of the yeare. And befides all thele whi P* urnr ^ e f tcne ls > that ficient to didinguifti them. I doe not finde almod any plant either^herbe kh f re dlft ' rence ? (uf - bc like unto thofe that grow in Europe, the Idler /Ac or the hither n,rr f a, b aung in the Wed Indies to bilities, this 0 (Chiji,,, cannot he that of Theophrajiiv y. t this fli-weth a^excefenr tbcrcbore al1 Ptoba- 'i' ' trCe t° tj 1 J t ' c: fe.', but in any /udgement th« Prr/ciofis mod^ehTto be fbme^!' !? AlyoboLr.c , or cllefomc other fruite not knowne to us It was raiw/foi'i-h rlur^.u C0 ^ onie ^ Indc °^ Mnney, buthewasa'terw-ardsenformedbyDoaorr»J !^f t[ ? vhere hc fw «>• the Indians. Some havcthoughcihis Fer/er, to bead one with thePerricaarbor ‘Tap'll CalI f, d by l.u Parfraot ■ Diofcmdes. Gam iranftacing Tbeophrajlu, in tome ph«s^!nde!eth it £th u’ OT as Fb.nj m one place alfo confoundeth them both to^ethe- alrhnLi' ’ i.„ t ,- n . J _ a > an ^ ln others Perfea and feparateth it himfe'fe from Perfica : but howl thtv^dSn! f ° he 'f >h! tna'li-tl- ^ ,n8 n W !? ndf> do[hbotf liedI form in the morning,and drunke fading, do;h gently'‘open^the bdhAnd^ move warmc.ftrai. made of them by reiterate infufions.as the Sympc of Rales is made is found to wo r ke dOWreW / rds, m d ? SyrUpt rheW ’ri°fl that U Pr ° V ^ ih a " d Ipendeth wateriftr and Hydropkke hnm°. 1 °^! '' y thC '‘ ' ha: the,eof. the flowers condited or made into a confcrve, worketh to the feme eflVt hu , mollrs - b y th ^ continuance d„ PP „s k „ „«„,„ d!d ,, . *3£S: SGtSzsrz&s “■ are troubled Ta.iBEi 6 . The Theater of Tlant-s. Chap, 82 . 1555 troubled with the cough or with fhoreneffe of breath by adding thereto fome fweete wire, and putting Tome Saffron alfo therein, it is good for thofe that are hoarfe,or have loft their voycc,helpeth all the defedts ofthe longs and thole that vomit or (pit blood. Twodrammes thereofgiven inthejuyee of Lemmons, or of Radifh, is good for thole that are troubled with the ftone it is faid fame given in Plantaine or Pu; flane warer. ftayeth the calling or (pitting of blood: the kernels of the ftones doe wonderfully eale the paines and wringings of the belly, through winde or fharpe humours, and are much commended to be effe&uall to breake and drive forth the ftone, which that they may the more powerfully worked commend this water unto you todrinkeupon occafion, three or foure ounces at a time. Take fifty kernels of Peach ftones, and an hundred of the kernels of Cherry ftones,a handfullof Elder flowers,frefh or dryed,and three pints of Mufcadine, fetthem in a clofedpot, into a bed of Horfe dung for ten dayes,which alter wards Hilled in claffe, with a gentle fire, keep:’ for your ufe : The milkeor creame of theiekernells being draw ne forth, with fome Verven water being applyed to the forehead and temples,doth much hclpe to procure reft and fleepe to ficke perfons wanting it r the oyle likewife drawne from the kernels doth the fame being annointed, the laid oyle put into glifters doth cafe the paines ofthe chol- licke proceeding from winde, andannoynted on the lower part of the belly do:h the like, and dropped into the eareseafeth the paines of them, the juyee of the leaves doth the like, killeth the wormes and ulcers in them, being alfo annoynted on the forehead and temples; it helpeth the Megrome and other paines in the head: If the kernels be bruifed and bcyled in vinegar untill they become thicke,and applyed to the head, or other places that have fhed the haire,and are bald it doth marvelloufly procure the haireto grow againe. The Peaches themfelves being eaten, by reafon of their fweeteneffe and moiftare, doe fooneputrefie in the ftomackc; and therefore Ga¬ len advilcth that they be never taken after but before meatc al waies,fo (hall they make the reft to piffe away the more fpeedily with them *• or e'fe taken after, they corrupt the reft in the ftomacke with themfelves. The N ctftarin hath a firmer fubftance, and a more delc&able tafte, for which it is moft accepted, being of no ufe in phy ficke that I know. The Perfea is not ufed with any. Chap. LXXXII. Amygaltu, The Allmond tree. ! He Almond is foKkeunto the Peach in every part thereof, and yet differing from it, that I can doe noleffethen joyneitnext, inafeverafl Chapter, and although there are fundry forts of fweete Almonds,fame great and fome fmall, others long and fame fhort; and a bitter kinde alfo, yet being in the whole lurface,lo like one unto another, that they can be diftinguifned bynoother thing then the Allmond, I will onely give you one defeription, and fhew youtheir differences herein, which 1 thinke fhall be Effici¬ ent. The Allmond tree groweth greater and higher then any Peach (and is therefore ufually planted by it fclfe, and not againft a wall, and never grafted that I have feeneandknowne, that would take and abide, but is alwayes planted of a ftone put into the ground, where you would have it to grow, far it hardly fuffe- rethatranfplanting ) the body thereof becomming very great, whereby icfheweth to be of long continu¬ ance, fpreading greater armes and fmaller branches, but brittle, with long narrow leaves on them, very like unco the Peach tree : the flowers 2re of a paler purple colour then the Peach bloffomcs, and not fo bitter, and the f ruitc very like the Peach, for the out¬ ward forme,before it be ripe, but the outer rinde is a dry skinne without any cleft in it, cr edible fubftance under it, as the Peach hath, and the fhell under it is fmoot h and not rugged like it, and not fa thicke a k er- nell within, being bitter in one kinde, which are fmall like the Barbery Allmonds, and fweete in all the reft, whereof fame are fmall, and called Barbery All- Tnonds, others long and (lender, and are called Jord n Allmonds,and others fhort and broad , called Val'entta Allmonds : ir is obferved that thole that grow in the Jfte of Cyprus ,bcn& downe their heads, contrary to all in any other place. The Place and Time. They grow in all places planred.ihat I know,or can heare of in Syria, Barbery'Turkic, Spaine , Italy , and wherefaever, wc have both the bitrer and the fweete ofthatfortjthat is,thicke and fhort, growing in many places of our Land, and bloffome earlier then the Peach of any fort,and the fruite ripe alfo before them 0 The Names, It is called in Greeke*w/«A.» |an d the fruite s/k'AD and ciixuyJtihovjn Latine AmyqdaltM , and the fruite Amygdalum ?and AmygdAhum } fame thinke that Gato Amjgdalus, The Allmond tree. meant 1516 CHAP.83, C7 / heatrum Botanicum, RSB E 10 , jneunt the.'e by the nameofiYww grtc*, but yet lomedoe rather referre them to the Wallnuts. Columella ma KtinmtniimQzNucesGrtctJuglandes* and AmygdaU, as or three kindes, for many tliinke the Almond wa" notl nowne in Italy in Cato his time, Pliny out oiTkeofhra&us (ettech dovvne the way to make the bitre- All* mond tree to beare fweete Allmonds,and the fweete bitter ; but with fuch fond conceits ofalterations and Ira !r mutations are the worker of the ancients according to their Gcntilifme too plentifully ftored which \vc l " n * is contrary to the law, that God hath fet in it felfc to preferve the kinde,and although there be not onelv luf ” atH . r f> as “ hapenethin many things, as in the Hermaphrodite, yet that altereth not the' law of and notwithftanding the example of the Mule. The Arabians call the fruite /<*«*, Katz, and L/tnzi the />»/■■! * Afanaole } the Spaniards Almendrcs , the French Amsmdesy .he Cermanes AUnde'.k'rnfhz T)utch Amcudel 1 a ** Fnghjb Allmonds. ' , n ^wem The Vtrtues. The fweete Allmonds,are the pleafanter mcate, formed into many faOiions as every one liketh, but the are the more phylicall; the fweete are hot ar.d moift in the fitll degree, the bitter are drying intbefecond • lweetcAllmonds blanched and dryed, that they may be made into pouther, and fo taken by It ielte or vviihm!,, things helpeth to binde the loofeneffe of the belly: the oyle of fweete Allmonds, mixed with the fine nouthe- nf Sugar Candy is good for the dry cough.and for hoarfeueffe.to take a little at once ; the faid oyle drunkc e : rhe'r,' fonc or with fomcSyrtipe of M rfh Mallowes, isgood for thofethat are troubled with the (lone toeafr .tj paines,by opening and makingflippery the paflages thereof: Itisufed affo by women in Childbed after rhr^ lore travel! : being mixed wich oyle of Tartar, it maketh a crcame called LacViroims, that clenfeth the and lenyfieth jha dryneffe or roiighnelle.parched with the winde or otherwife : it is ufed alfo by it felfe nr u- ih other things, to annoint the flotnacke for the cold : The pouther of the Allmond cakes, after the ovle is nref feu from them,doth ferve fcrrc better then fope to clenle the hands or skinne in any place, and to fupple the narrs and make them fmooth : The greene fruite while they are very greenc.are eaten to helpe the mailt humours in the ftomacke, and are eaten with plead,re by women with childe, and being preferred; are very delicate The bitter Allmonds doe provoke urine,and womens courfes,and helpe to mollifie the belly s they are good alfo taken rnth Amyl, lm and Mimes for the (pitting of blood, and taken with water they are good for paines in the baebe and the inflammation in the lungs; or elfe taken with fine Turpintine, made into an ekduary or lickino medi ’ cine, with honey and m.lke,they arc good for the c bftiudtions of the liver,for the cough and the winder chohick/ ' aking the quantity_of a H afell nut at a time : ■ the oyle of bitter Almonds is cffecTuall to all the purpofes afo efdd and doth more effefluallyclenfe the skm then that of fweete Almonds: it is alfo Died for thenoyle and deafr neffe in the eares.ro droppe thereof into them .the bitter Allmonds themfelves beaten withoyleof Rofesand Vinegar annoinred on the temp e, doe cafe the paines in the head, and procuretb fleepe and reft i„ h ot agues or phrenfies. it doth mollefie the ftiffeneffe of the finewes and joynts.and healeth the bitingsof dogs andfouieul cers: ifonedoeeatefiveor fee bitter Almonds before he fall into drinking company, it will keepe him™, being overtaken more then the reft.- and it is laid that if they be given to a Foxe in his meate.it will kill hftn Chap. LXXXIII. Cerafue. The Cherry tree. fences. jHere are as many forts of Cherries almoft as of plnmmes, the moft whereof I have declared in my u former bookc, but there are iome other forts both tali and low, that are not there mentioned, and 3 are ;° fac w ‘ dtb ‘ s P'? ce - And “‘though I have there fet forth,both the defections and figures 111 part of fomethat Ido-ehere agaii’cmention, both ofthe taller and lowerforr, yet I alfogiveyou the figures of fome there not let forth but defer,bed: the double repetitions being to drew the diffe- „ . r , 1 . C'rafm vulgaris. The ordinary Cherry tree, are neere ° 3 rea , fon f lc he ‘g htb “"d grcatncfie.lprcading well and fomewhat thicfce.thd leaves forrh M, P i for torme > but l°®ewhat longer m moft, and dented about the edges: the flowers come or three,or foure at the mod ac a pl ace or; ay nt together, every one on his owne footeltalke, conlilf- edffi’ X = ,Ca y es ’ W ‘ t;h . fom “ hrcds,nt ' 1 .= middle, after which come round berryes, greene at the firft, and whnfr k?r rfM 7 T K pe ’°u a mCane b ',S" effeand P'^Cant tafte, with a hard white fmall(lone within it tTrrtsme u , rT b e r n ^ Un P ,cafanr - Someforts are greater and pleafanter than others, fome tart,tome waterifh,others hrme,(om? red, others whiter. r a. C'rafmTrxp'WiMfiv'Laurmrtfr,. The Bay Cherry, or Cherry Bav ' a Cherrv done "a T 't i Crry n VtTy 7 C V° tai c e gre . at blad(C Cherryes ' and a ftoce t!l ™. “ko unto ver fn-^htnlteu is moft worthy to be referred to this ftocke or kindred of the Chtrryes howfoe- nv hr/„T y ! 'r'T, 0 ” 8 • r C k ‘ ndCS ° u a> eS ‘ k fo ™«imesgrowcth to be a faire great tree, Ipred into ma- faire fbinin^ rT V US ‘ c B row f h as a 1 irubbe . lowing forth fundry g.-eene branches, with goodly on a lono Hnlt leaves thereon, larger then any Bay leafe, the flowers are many and whitilh.growing “er henfb f a f r ^ the 1,erC a "° "P rtilcd > mad ^ leaves apeece, but much very fweete^w?rh 1 ^ r Wh,cb £ommctb tb efruite.bemg as large as any Flm+rt, and of a very blacke fhining cblonr Theophrajti by fSmay verTwcIlbe " r ' tJ *^ ‘ St0 be th£ This rr,., , 3 ) rT f ”’ 'T”^1 **‘7 7^ 1 bc °P hr *fl i d ‘The ftrange long clnfter Cherry. * any of them ^rmvAh'rh ‘°' l ° Cke °l 771 ° f 7 Cbe ‘ rycs > althou S h it doe nor much refemble barke the vo U n£- hr \ u ■ ^ 7°^ b ° dy a " d greattr brar ' cbes are covered with a fad coloured cr *Dled c ems ,S reenc > k wher “ n §> ow lom ewhatbroad and ftiottleaves, harder and more in a lorn c lufter mai v mreA ^ er ]! ed£ ^ e ec ^ces: the flowers come forth at the joynts with the leaves s maiy together,like thofe of Ul/mnum, the, Beane Trefoilc.but very fmall, and of a downy white colour Tbeatrum Botanicttm . Tr IBE i< CerafoAnericana fivede tacialros. The Ba^calaosjor new found Land Cherry, z.Ctrafus Trape\(uitin* five Laurocerafut. The Bay Cherry,or C herry Bay, s• Cotpuricmoftputlj, 7> C 1 heatrum Botamcum, 1ribei6 writeth.and l'odoth Pliny, that the Cherry was not knowne in hat), before the wane with Mith idutes K n. of Tart us, and tint Lucius LuchHui after he hid overthrowne him, brought it from Cerafismta in Pmvn j nt and gave it cho name Cerafum, from the place he had it. Thelecondis called by the Turk's Trebii, Cttrmaft, thati , DattyUuTrapevtnuca, but by Beilomus f\s{{, as I take it, Lststroccraftt;, and Cerafiu Trj-c Dalecbampiw tooke it to be Lotus African*, but Clufim conteftetn there againlf, 1 he third U takri by ‘Dalcchampuu t0 oethe Padm of Jheophrajius, which C/ufim taketh, or miftaketh rather, to be the Kvtnrn, or racemofa vts!go btrlturicrum, whichisquite another tree, aslhavc fhewed aifcong the other fort of Chcrryes, and Bmhnms follow, th him therein, making them both one. The Burgonians about the River a Scm, doe call it Budit, (from whence it is likely T> aUchampuu tooke the name, to come neere to T.idm) an. take it for a kinde of wildc Cherry, as the cinder Cherry is, and in the long cluttering of the flowers and fruits together very like it, and becaufe the wood frnellc hftrong, the •SVtf _yav.t call it Putter, as alfo Cerijler bUr.c Lugdunenfts doth much confound this with the Guajacwr, Pavuvimm of Fallopius, taking them to be all one a < alio with the Lottu tecstnia of DiojcorUes, and the Diofpyros ollheophrajlus, and the Faba Cjraca of Pliny,with. out all knowledge whereof he wrote as it feemeth. It cameto tne cut of Italy, by the name of Liurut rc*i.t butts moll ufuaiiy now called L wrn ei-.fui, and in Eisglijb asic is in the title. The fourth is molt likely robe the CcLtfMfylveJlrbsol Tragus,and lie Mabalrb, or -JMacaleb of C/ufiiu, and the Pctroccraftu, or Chamber a . fus petraa of Gefier, which 'Bauhir.m foulely confounded! with Mtttibiohu his Mtth.ileb, and the Chamecer.tfus Syriaca of Gefner, which is the true Mabateb to be both one, when as this fifth onely is the true kinde, as the fweete fmelling ftuite doth plainely dedare, befides thedivcrlity of the tree,as is before declared. The fixt caoie as a rarity from the Indies,whereof no more can as yet be faid. Thelaftisoncly remembred by gefner jn born, andby Lugdrtnenjis. who faith that Gefner fern a branch thereofto DakchampiM, by the name of Cbamacerafm mentu Gemrefi. The Arabians call the Cherry, Sarafie, the Italians Ciregie, the Spaniards Ceraa,as, and GuI-Jm the French Cerifes ,and Gaines ,the Germane! Ktrf, n,i id Kirfchen ,the Dutch Krtken, And we in Snqlijh Cherry. * TheVertues. * . Cherry cs as they are of divers cades, fo they are of divers qualities, thefweetc are more lubricke, and pafle through the ftomseke and belly morefpeedtly, but are of little nourifhmenc, the rare or fowrearemore plea¬ ting toanhoeftomacke, and procure an appetite tomeate, and hclpc to cut tough flegme, and groffe humours hut when thefe are dryed, they are more binding the belly then being frefli, and doe give a fine relffh to broths and drinkes wherein they arc boyled ,• being cooling in hoc difeafes, and welcome to the ftomacke,and provoke “ rine ; The Gum of the Cherry tree diflolved in Wine,is good for a cold cough and hoarfenefle of the throate: hclpeth to give one a better colonrin the face, fharpeneih the eye-fight, ffirrethup anappetite, and lelpcthto breake and expel! theftoue: the blackc Cherrycs beingbruifed with the (tones and drilled, the water thereof is much ufed to breake the done, expell the gravcll, and breakc thewinde: the true Mahaleb ofSytia, was mtltaken by Serapio to be the Pbjlljrea of Diofeoridcs, when as the properties are much differing, for AinhaUb doth heate and mollih'e, even by the teftiraony of CMefucs and Rafts, and as Avicen faith, doth clenfe, attenu¬ ate and refolve and eafe paircs: 1 he oyle drawne frem the kernels, doth much more cafe the paines in the bow¬ els and backe,being annoynccd, then the kernels themfelvcs which fome ufe for the faid purpofe, and for foun- mgs and fu’ntingSjto be taken with Mede or honyed water, anddoehelpe the chollicke and ftofte in the kid- neyes,kill the wormes in the belly, and provoke urine alfo. Chap. LXXXIV. Carnw % The Cornell tree. He Cornell is divided into male and female • the male is of two forts, one bearing redberryes like Cherries, and another whitifh: the female hath no diverfity. i. Cornus mas fruttttrubro. The male red Cornell tree. Tbe Cornell or Comcllian O.herry tree groweth to be a reafonable.tall and great tree, the body . and branches are covered witharugged barke, and the younger ftnooth, whereon grow fmooth ca\ es, and plainejiot dented at all about the edges, the flowers are many final 1 .yellow tufts, as it were ("bore tnreds let together, which come forth before any leafe, and fo fall away likewife, before the leaves appcarc much open: thelruiteare fome what long round berries, of the bigneifeot fmall Ollivcs, with a fm all hard tone wtthin them Jike unto an Ollive ftone, reddifn when they are ripe, fome what like a Cherry, of arcafon- FraflttTM- ?. Jomcwbat auftere withall: the wood is hard like an home, and groweth flowly. Of this gutubroba- ^makerh another fort, with redder berries, little differing in any thing elfc: and another that grow- w /,. eth low,but yet bath beene obferved upon the tranfplanting to grow much greater. a Comm mufruflu albo. The white male Cornell tree. This other Cornell d;lTrethnot from th.* firft in any other more notable matter then in the fruit, which becom- meth net fo red, butwhuifh when it is ripe. 3 * Comw fammaj The Dogge berry or Gatten tree. , I bis never nfeth to be a tree of any bulke or body with us (but Onfiut faith chat he fa win the Woods o fA*~ j rtj , as 'igge trees hereof a • of the male,and BelLoniw faith the fame lib, i. c. 5 6 jbut ufually abideth as an hedge tulh with many pithy (trong twiggy ftemmes riling from the roote, ot a brownilh colour and the Iprioees more rcc 1 ,\\ 1 i a pith vvitiUn them like unto Elder, having leaves thereon fomewhat like the former, but a little itiortcr and broader, (landing upon teddilh footeftalke, and themiddlcrib teddifli likewife, theflowersare w li::e and Hand at the end of the branches,many growing cogethtr in a tuft or umbel!, upon reddifli footeftalkes tatt^provokin'" 0 ' m - 3 ^ crr ' es ’S rccn at ^e firtt.and Aiming blacke when chey are ripe,of a molt unpleasant bitter The 7 *lace and Time. The fit (l is found Wild in many places of Germany, and the other forts hereof alio, but the lecond is more Tribe iS, i . comm mas ft u fin rubro. The male red Cornell tree, rare the !aft groweth in c y ei-y Country of ihc Land, ferving for a hedge bufli; thefira flo.vrcfh very earely a' is before laid,i n March, andfometimes in February, the fruice is ripe in Augufl. The laft flowreth not until! and the fruite ripeneth not untill September be well over. The Names. The firft iis called in Greelce inLatine Cornu, and mm, to diltinguifh it from the other, which is called by Theophrastus Cornu, femina. There is much doubt and qudtion among many of our later VVii- ters, about this female Cornell ( for of the male there is no doubt, all tailing it Cornu, m.ts, or j*tma ) whether tt mould be the Virga Sanguine a of Pliny, or the HanricgcII of Tragu,, or his F au.lb.mm, fomei'cfrrrini it to the one, lomc to the other, but the generall tenet of the molt is, that in molt tilings it anfwcrcth both to the Thr/i - Crania of Theophra flu,, and may well enough agree with the Virgafanguinea 0 f Fliny % Cordm cafciii it PftmL- cmmatjuafifalfi, Cornu,, and fZ 5 m/,i»«j»,belides that he calleth it Cornu, li*«, taketh it to be the Opulus Cclu- faith m the 5 6. Chapter of his firft. Bcoke ofObfervations.that he found that fhriib, which the french in imitation of the Latines call des Sane mm, and the aunciert Grecke Comm fcmbii, betweene Philop. for, and Smepbala to b;little inferiour unto our greateff male Corncllian trees, thereby eileemingthem robe Dotli one : The Italians as Matthiolu< faith, call it Sanguineo, and Sanguincllo, but whether it be Tram, Hartric . gel, we are not well afliired, for he faith that the wood thereof is fo hard that it can very hardly be bored, and therefore lerveth for many Country inftruments, and long lading for the hardntffe, which we can notfayfoof this; wc for the m olt part call it the Dogge berry tree, becaufe the berries are not fit to be eaten, or to be given to a dogge. I heare they call this in the North parts of the Land.the Gattcr tree, and the berries Garter berries.vet lome lay they call the Enomjmus fo. 1 The VertHes. JW < # he! , 1 a fruice very good and wholefome, plcafant with the aufterity, and helping to binde the beUy fubjeft « moieiled with a laske: both leaves and buds faith Galen, doe dry exceedingly, and therefore are ^ood tofoder up great wounds in ftrong bodies, but not fo fit in fmall cuts, and more tender perfons, becaufe it drycth too much in fuch cafes: The Conferye made of the fruite, is of efpeciall ufe 111 all fluxes both in man and t . hc| iquour that commeth out ofthe leaves or {hikes, being heated with an iron, that the iron touch rnem not, is good to healc tetters, and ring wormes. The Female Cornell or Dogge berry, is put to no ufe that IamMs’ y 'If nne"^ la,th ) ch i ,t . th «P. eo P le , m b J bo y |in S the berries > makc an oyi/tbac P ferveth for their rf 1S CU L red of d,e bltlng ot a madde do ^ e > (ha11 within twelve moneth after touch thfc ^ D °gge berry tree,or any part thereof, the difeafe will rcturne againe. Sckimkim obfervation. Oo'oo o a Tr IBR i6 G h a p. L XXX V. Lotiu, The Lote or Netde tret. |«§Lthongh divers Aotboun have publifhed fundry trees, under the name o( Zotw.as Injuivt, L»uroctr*~ and many others, yet there is knowne unto us but one true kinde, that is called Lum, theLote [ or Nettle tree, yet I thinke not amin; to j'oyne two or three other plants, which may not unfitly be re¬ ferred to it. ’ Lotm five Crhii urban The Lote or Nettle tiee. The true Lote or Nettle tree gtoweth to a gi eat heighth, whole body and elder branches are covered with a fmooth darke greene barke, the younger being more greene, whereon grow fomewhat rough or hard leaves long pointed,and fometvhat deepely dented about the edges, like unto a Nettle leafe, of a rfai ke greene colour* and often grow yellowtoward Autumns: the flowers hand here and there feattered on the btanches,after which come round berries like unto Cherries, hanging downewards upon long footeftalkcs greene at the firft whitifli after wards,and reddifh when they are full ripe, but blackifh if they be futfered to hang too long on the branches of a pleafant auflere take, with an hard round (lone within them. There is (aid by Tb'opbrdftm,\i ib\s be his firft ' Lotm, to be another fort without ftoncs, vvhcreofWinc was made, that would not laft above two or three dayes. a . eyirhor Guajacann five Guajactim Pautvinum. The Indian Date Piumme tree. The Indian Lote tree groweth great, with a fmoo h darke greene barke, (hooting forth many large boughes and (lender green branches,befet wich faire and lome what broad green leaves, fomewhat like unto the leaves of the Cornell tree, but larger, without any dents on the edges, the flowers grow along on the branches, clofc let unto them, without any or with a very fliort tooteftalke under them; confiding of toure greene leaves as the huskc, and foure other within, of a darke purplifh red colour, the fruitc that followeth ftandeth in the middle of the faidhmke, doling it round at the bottome, and is greene at the firft, and very harfh, but red and round when it is ripe, and fomewhat like a Piumme, with a (mall point at the head, and then of a reafonable plealant taftc or rellifh, wherein in the hotter climates, butfeldome in ours or not with me, are contained thicke and fiat brownc griftely feedes or kernels, fomew hat like unto the kernells of CtffiiFijhtU, which may be fomewhat eafily cut with a knife. 5. Guaj cum Fattvinum atif uflifotium. The Indian Date Piumme tree with narrow leaves. This differeth litcle fiom the laft,either in ftemme or fruite,but onely in the leafe, which is longer and larger then it. Lotui arbor. The Nettle tree. Gaajacum Puavinum. The Indian Date Piumme tree. 4 . Tiff wti* ‘7 he '"fheater of Plants. Tk. f 3 E 1 6 , $. Gusi.i u yj Vataitiiium an£u(lotibus fohjs The Indian Djic Piummc crce with narrower lc Chap. 86, 1523 4 ' PiJIjanim Vngmiannm 1 he Virginian Date Plumnie or Pifliamin, This other fclrufp -fc T, ? e Date Piummc or W/W,,. whereof! am more tten'halfe^erfwaded''the^doe^fo nccre aeree^ "^h ^ ?h C ' t,or at * ea ^ 3 g re 3tcr fort, from the kernel! were fen: wi h the franc out of and fre w in a ftort time^b" of’ 11°^ ^ T™ high ^which upon remoov/ng periled j but there groweth to be a "eat tree wHe l ? t'§ ht toote lomewh it whicrhjbut covered with a thin darkc erern harlPThpi 5 h ’ W j C ^ Is ^ iar< ^brittle,and grayilh barke on them, whereon , b le m^v faire^road I i" with a thinner like unto the former. ichacl^oXS the fume as it came to us, was in forme and bioneOe n orp ountry tnac j can he-re or as yet with any, buc fourc hard leaves very fi rrae like aD«e andIlmnft ’ Tf W f * black,fll skl ™' ^ in * huske of in them,veiy like unto kTformei^ut larger hyrhe haltef^’ ^ Srearflaubicke kernels with- T . „ c a , ■ ... The‘Place and Time. ■voiced Finer, and andfoalf ^f" man y er P cci ? n P !aces there, and in Pro- me from /«/;, by Mailer Doftour IeZ “d t isfaid out of ***" in Fra.ce l The Uft as I (fid c* faS ll ^ “ d P Unted « » b °ut nerthenthejad, & ’ ek ^ »owreihearlie,and ripenech the fruicealfofoo- t* t • 'ThNivnes. kindesS'Sgwhich V° from 3,1 tlle othe* and fuppoW to he the li ft Lcl which mew tTntZ% V* Cal ' tth L °“" C ' ! ‘ buc now called Go-bin s alio in AJ'nca.vihcseaTbeophrali-, T ir ^‘ Iflan « cahed Lotopbag,* hjkla.or Iharis fed with the finite of this tree for many'f*yes*'thm*orTi»pe"b> tvherethe*^ P?® n S t0 Carthage, were Lotopbagi.hcX't eaters,whereof HomcFaMolib.Q OchifTpcalccclfthar ab [ 3n j a n^y>i lc i n gcalled that they could not be driven from ihem without blowes to rheir n ^ followers fo liked the fweetc fruicc to the Zizipba) And is generally called Lottu Cel, i, or irbor bv al'l wv agsi “’.^“ <0 " le re f errc this narration call BagoUro . and Angara Arbor AclperlZ ,d fjij /^ ^■J^hC u ,,a K di„ m f aith chc halUns diotc, as -BeUomm faith.' Theophra/lta 3 J Film make menrl f™ 7 c M [ co ?™ 1,er ’ 3nd by the Car- a.H»l».if«k=,hi,»b, njjtajB, «bSr B ,S. SkJftJ “r.'g - - CuajacHrH 1524 CnAF.87. Iteatrum 'Ectamcum . Tribe \6 Getsjscum, and Label that taketh it (or Lotus ver*. Mstthiofue callub it Sfexdobm, arnfftithlhaTitcame from Augcritu de Bnbcckr, who lent it from Conjhmiwf/c by thename of DeiRficx Tr*pe[cnd.t dukes, tut allured- ly either Busbcckn or Mettbblm were deceived therein, a contrary fruit being given them under that name for the name agreetb not with hisdefcrip-ion, which is indeed the cefeription of this Guujstasmjor by that narneof Trabifcn Cumeifi D.ttlflm ex Traptz.ur.te, hath the Laurocertfus beene lent (rom Cor.Har.t maple, as both Came, rariui and Clufws doe let it downe, which is much differing from this. Cm.trarias and ’BcUtmitt, calleth it Gaujaegm, C*l»tpimis ErnMutts, whoal'o taketh it tobe the 7*&n*OT ether tern gems Plixtj, Luadunerfi, ££ f faid before, taketh it tobe the Diofpyros oil heopbrafins, W.j.c.i 3. and the fab* Grxca of Pliny & Mmhielus calleththe third Lotus Africans altera, or Loti Afrisnefpeeies. The laid hath the name in the title', as it came to usand for the hkeneffe I doe let it with them,if as I faid it be not the very fame : and is alio likely to be the Loti Africans alteraJpccies a as the figure thereof plainely ftievveth. * The Vertues. The berries of the Nettle tree doe binde the belly, and the (havings of the wood made into a pottther and drunke, or boy led in Wreor water and dm: ke, helpeth women that are troubled with the abundance of them oourles, and the lashes of the nelly allot the fame decoftton maketh the haire to become yellow andffayeth the filing of them. 1 hefrutte of the other while they arc greeneand unripe are fo har(h as they are able to draw their snouthes awry that (hall eate them,but when they arc full tipe are realonable fweec and plcafant: but what other property they nave, L have not yet underftood. Chap. LXXXVII. Lent ifew. The Mafticke or Lcntiske tree. IHC Arberesrefmifers, come next to be entreated of, that is, ihofe trees that beare Roffindike Gutnmcs, which are divided into two forts, thatts.mto thole that beare berries, and thofethat - 7 >°nes. The berry bear,ng trees are thefeO.vycr^, the prickely Cedar, Ceetrsu Ltcis, tl,e C >’<' 1rcirc bke Cedar - thc S rtater and tha Ssbina vtraqsee, both forts of Sabine Li- ! ..the greater lumper tree o all which I have before in this wo, ke (poken.fome adde the will ;7ke^e Trn h v Ycw Cre ' ,b 7 t f ke n0 realo . n for K - Th f e rcma me fome others to be intrested of and the Mafticke tieefi It* whereunto I thinke mecte to joyne two other ftrange trees of the Weft Indies, which are referred hereunto for their likenefle; the reft ofthem which arc the Tnrpitfine tree, the Balfamecrec he Scorax tree,and the Dragon tree (hall follow each in their order. * 1. Lentifcus, The Mafticke tree. . 7 }* 5? nic l c "" groW< i tb like , a tree r if it be fibred to grow up, and often alfo rifeth but as a fftrubbe.whofe bodyand ranches are in colour a.ike, that t> of a reddtfb colour, tough and gentle: and doe fomewhat bend h '! r “** w t h «e« gr°w wingedIdarke greene leaves confiding of fount coup!*, each of the bigneffe of the large Myrtle lca.e (landing one agamfl another, without any odde one at the end, with a reddifli circle a- bom their edges, and lomc tcddifl, vcme on the unuerlidc alfo, fmelling fweete and abiding greene alwayes on the bullies the flowers grow m duffers at the; aynts with the leaves,being fmall, and of a pale purplifh weene c° our, and after in their places (land fmall blackifh bcrryes.of the bigneffe of F epper comes, with a hard bllcke flie,[under the ou.er skin and aw lute kcrnell within, it bearethbefides theft berms certaine homes, with a cer- tame clcare I.quour m them, which turned, into fmall flyes, thrtflyeaway : it giveihalfo a clears while attendance 013 dr0ppts,wben lbe flockes a,e woundcd ln '™ d ry places, which is gathered with great care and 3 ' Leutifcus Tervsns. The IndianMafticke tree. Tins Indian Miff,eke groweth as nigh as any high Mafticke tree, fpreading long and pliant branches, bending downewards.eove'cdwithatougl, rcddiflr baike.fet with long winged leaves, made of many leaves,fit by cou? pies uithano-oLoneatthecnus, of a fad greene colour, and a white ribbe in the middle, with rugged veines ffanfvc: ling them, conlpicti, us chit lely underneath,being plaine and not dented about the edges, and being brui- fedhavenocvilllcnta the flowers come forth m fparfed tufts together on a ffalke.an handbredth long, confiding of hi elm id '.iice pointed leaves a pecce alter which lucceed fmall round berries, like thofe of the former Ma- f,,c.e trce.upon flrort footeftalkcs, of the oignefle of Pepper cornes, greene at the firft.rcd after, and blackc being ripe,and as tl,arpe and hot mtaffea 5 Pepper, fomewhat oylie, covered witha thin skinne, andtheinwardker- rellofavery Iharpefcntandiauv. We have had a cleare white gumme in great lumpes or peeces brought us from ,ante of our Sngnfi plantations in the Weff Indies, which they called Mafticke, and in the chewing was te • nacious luc Maftit ke, whether the tree from whence it was taken was anfwerable to this or the next,we arc not certa.ne.becaufe there was no relation lent thereof unto us with it. 3- Lctnrci Pecteetnifimi/i, MoUedibfa. The Indians Molle. Is 5 . M m , ak . tb wc ’ nwn of J ttce called Molle,received from the Weff Indies, which as he faith mi°htbe the rr^ ! ^r tr r dltterm ,da butll,age ’ b ^, bec " ufrthere fe «n«h manifeftdifferencebetwetRe°thcm, I tnou^ht good .0 lever them, and drew you it'with this defcription that he hath given it. There rofe faith he W-ftTndi ins * * 3 * * * " b''-Vf'n he d I ° rt ! ly ' ' Sn ‘ 0Ur M r f rar ‘ cim ’ sc f 30 " 3 p «des that were called Molle b v the rhemh m .- b p ' lfl,ed l , y tllc extremity of me Winter,the third yeare after they fprang up : but the ffems t ^winnell ke'^fr^M 1 greCn f Co! °r’ with div ' e " P - a " anr-coloured' (pots thereon, the leaves ciidTeafc mioeff m n° tbe ie - r> of ? darkc 3 rCfne colour, dented about the edges, and the fmell l'e Fennell h, Jg 3 W n" U ’ til!CKe ’ and g'^inous fweete milke when they are broken, and being bruiltd but h ber!ies th« S w ^ ^ “ gSVC n ° fl ,° We! S but L ° M ^'weth the flowers were'y ellow, and ,uZ'™^ Wnea '’ 'P™" 7 ’ wcr 5 as bl s§ e aImolb as Pepper cornes, covered with a reddiffi skin, .1 dultering together like unto a fmall duffer of Grapes: the gumme hereof is faid to be Iwccte in fmeli. The Place and Time. The fitft groweth as well in Provence of France as in divers places of Italy, and in Candy alfo,and in many places of Gracia, but yeeldeth little gumme there, bucefpecially in the lfle ofChto, now called Sio- they tend, pruine, and manure it with as great paines and care,as others do; their Vines, which goeth beyond them in the profit of the gumme: It Howieth in April, and the berryes ripen in Septemb er, anti not at feverall times, as tllefe Vcrfes of Arams would intimate. Jamvero femper viridit femperejte cravat a Lerttifcasyriplicij'olita efcgrande/cere fata. Terfrttees fundent,tria tempera monfirat arantfi. As it is there fet downe. The lecond was brought from Amtnca, and grew,as SaMmi relatech it, in Cardi¬ nal! Columns, his Garden at Rome, where it grew great, which alfo as it is likely was the fame that Clufiut faith / verardm Verjlim taw there, and as he faith llkewiie Doftor Tovar of Sivil in Spaine, Cent him fitch like bran¬ ches with the unripe fruite in clufters to tee, but as he faith , called MoHe by Tovar ; Label alfo exhibirctb a branch hereof with the next that is dented, at the beginning ofhis traffatc de Balfimo : dr ft < himfelfe alio ha¬ ving gained abranch hereof from home place not fpecifyed, fetteth it downe as taken from a tree growneold. ihelaft is mentioned likewifc by Clufiut in his Annotations upon Menardus, togrow as all the Chronicles, or Writers ofthe WefUndians (ay, inall the Vallies and Champion grounds of Peru, andef.ecialfy Ciena,, Petrus d: OJma alfo in his Letter to Monardut faith it grew at Lima in Peru. The Names, The Madicke tree is called in Greeke 54'®- which is /uncut oderatiu )ejuafi%rn fjjpip, ^ frequenter in Jentifcalputfindat«r, and the berries 9»<<«u and not otfnJk, as feme coppies have it, in Larine Lentif- cut afoliorttm lentorejfortaffe by which name all Authours call ic.and the gumme Refma Lentifcim, and MajlkL and Majlix by fome, by the Arabian! Gluten Rommum- Diofcerider maketh mention of a greene gumme as well as a white, andCWroof a blacke fort that was of Egypt, both which are not knowne in thefe dayes: i r Candy and fome other places, their trees yeeld a yellowifii bitter Mafticke, but no where fo good and fo plentiful! in all the world, as in the lfle of Sh in the Egem Sea: there is another fo; t of Ma'llicl; c re hich is called Acanthicc,or Spinalis as Gann trardlateth it, became it is gathered from a prickly thiftle, as I have fliewed among the Thiftles.in the Chapter of Chameleon and Cat Una. In former times our Apothecaries fnops were furnilhed with no other Xylobaljtmum , then the fprigs of Lentifius , I would the errour might not be con¬ tinued : The fccond is called Molle by Tovar, as I laid before,and by Cl, fits in his Caret poSleriore 7 i bal by Banbi. mis Lentifcus P era ana, and following £V*/>0 j faith, that it beareth the leaves according to the growth,being den¬ ted while it is young, and without dents growing older, which how diffonanf me thincks this is to reafon,in this plant let others judge upon my jadgemem,& the forme of the growing the one from the other,for the one that it Oooooo 3 dented 1 heatrum'Botamcam s;-;, 6 Chap. £8, Trib e i6 a dented hath an end leafc, bigger and longer then all the reft, which fhcweth lam peHwadcdamanifeftdifte. renceinjJ««,from this that is not dented, for I cinnot be perfwaded that any plant, fhould fo much differ m forme from it felfe in the time of age and youth. ThclaftisalfoasI (hewed called Molleby the Indian Writers whole fent is like Fennell,when as the other is not fo,and is for the likeneffe referred to the Lcnti/cus Peruana by Baaiinia in his AP.itthiolw,&c. following C/a/w therein,to be both one.& by ZoWjoyned with the former and the Balfamumvcrnm, making it to agree with the properties therofin many things, Baptifta Ferrarius alfoinhis Flora mentioneth it by the name otTereamtbtn anguftifoH* pag. 57 a .citing the third Book,and 15 .Chapter of that great Book of the Weft Indian plants,beads,&c.begun to be Printed more clientwcnty ycares ago ztRome, whoib title is 7 kefaurw reruns medicartim nova Hifjiana, &c, The Arabians tall the Lentiske tree® am, th c Italians Lentifco 3 the Spaniards Matamd Aneria, the French Lentifcjue, and tllofcof Narbonc Rijliuclc^ the Germar.es Mafticbaum, the Dutch MiftickJ’oom, and we in £ngli[b the Lemiske or Mafticke tree, The Vertues. The Lentiske tree is binding in the fecond degree.or in the beginning ofthe third, and temperately hit: all the pares thereof are binding, that is,both roote and branch, both barkc and leafc,both fruice and gumme,and dee binde and ftop all fluxes, and lpittings or callings of blood, and is good toftrengthen a weakc ftomacke, and helpethe falling downe of the mother or fundament: the decoftion fomented, healeth up hollow fores, and fo- dcreth broken bones,fafteneth loofe teeth, and ftayeih creeping fores, and doth as much as Acacia or Hypociftit, and even the juyee of the leaves is as good a fubfticute for Acacia as any other : the oyle that is preffed out of the berries, helpeth the icch,the leproiie and lcabbcs, both in men and beads: the gumme Mafticke doth binde and ftay fluxes in like manner taken any way in pouther; or if three or fouregraines be (wallowed wlioieatnwhc When you goe to bed, it notouely eafeth all paines in the ftomacke, bntkeepeth ic from the like afterwards, the pouther of Mafticke with Amber and Turpinte is good againft the running ofthe reines, and for both whites and reds in women: the pouther thereof mixed with Confervc of red Rofes, helpeth to ftay thedcftillationsof thinne rheume on the lungs, cauling a continual! cough and fpitcing of blood, and iflome white Francumfcnfe in pouther be mixed with it alfo, it worketh the moreeftlflually, thefame all’o comforteth thebraine, procu¬ red) an appetite to meate in moiftfluxiblcftomackes, ftayeth callings, and maketh a fweete breath: thelamc being heated in Wine, and the mouth,gummes,and teeth waftted therewith,clenfeth and fafttneth the corrupti¬ on, and loofeneflebo.h of gummes and teeth : it is alfo much ufed in falvesand plaifters, tomundifie and heale ulcers, and lores, to ftay the fretting fluxes of humours to them, to dry them up, and to fill up thehollowncffc: it ftrengthneth and bindeth alfo the parts, whercuntoit is applyed, and comforteth the aking j'oynts and finews wonderfully. The oyle that is made of Mafticke by infufion and ebullition, fccundum arternDharmaceaticam , is lingular good in all the aforefaid difeafes, moderately comforting, mollifying and binding, and is effe&uall againft all the aforefaid difeafes ofthe mother, againft all paines in the belly, colon the chollick,and the ftomacke, the hardneffe of tumours,and the paines of the joynts and finewes, ic likewife comforteth the braine.and ftreng- theneth both the liver and heart, but onedroppe of the pure Chytnicall oyle drawne from Mafticke is more ef¬ fectual! then one ounce of the former oyle, for it deferveth more commendations then is given ic. The eftifts of the Indian Molle is recorded by thole have written of it firft, that ofthe berries, they make a wholelomekinde of Wine or drini-.e being boyied with water,and according to theboyling of them cither vinegar or honey: the decoftion ofthe leaves is good to helpecoldgrietes, and applyed w'arme to wcundes after cloathes be dipped therein helpeth their cure more (peedily, the pouther of the barke alfo of the tree.ftrewed or call into them doth clenfe, ingender flelh.and htalc themquickdy and perfcdlly : with thedecoftion alio of the baike,thcfwellings and paines of legges and thighs, are much comforted and helped; the faid pouther of the barke doth hclpe to fallen loofe teeth,and loofe gummes, aud of the wood is made fine and good toothpickes: the gumme diffolved in mtlke and dropped into nhe eyes taketh away the dimnefle or miftinefle of them. Chap. LXXXVIII. Tire bir.thtu. The true Turpine tree.' j$5$®&I-th ou gh B.ml.imu in his Pina.v doth make three forts of Turpintine trees, taking his ground from %?u- wolf M who maketh two forts befides the ordinary one, yet I am of Clufiw his opinion chat the grea- tufeSlS ter fort is the Tmbintbta Indica of Tbeopbmjfw, which is the 1’iftake tree mentioned befoie, lo that the “ other two fores wchold well to be differing Turpintines with other good Authours, and to be here de- feribed unco you: yet we doe not intend to diftinguifh them by mas and famina t as Tbeophrajlui doth, that the male is barren,and the female fi uitefull, the one bearing red berryes which come not to ripeneffe, and the other greene at the firft, red afterwards, andblacke, and of the bigneffe of a Beane when they are ripe: but C/nJltu iaith.that enquiring diligently thereafter, he could heare of no fuch differences,unleffe it may be faid to be a diffe¬ rence when lome fruite trees bring their fruitc to ripeneffe, when others are empty or idle, by fome cafualty or ill Handing : but by the leaves,the one bearing broader and the other narrower leaves. I, Terebinthru latifolia. The broader leafed Turpintine tree. This Turpintine tree in many places groweth but like a flwubbc, yetin fome to bea greattree, the barke of vvhofe body and greater branches,areof an a(h colour, the leffer being greenilh, and ted while they are young, Sparingly (et with large winged leaves like unto the Piftacke tree but larger, every leafe being as great as a Bay lcalc, and pointed, not round which putteth the difference betweenc them, and fmelling fomewhat like a Bay, falling away,and not holding on in Winter: the flowers a r e moflSe like the Ollive bloffomes, and grow on long (hikes ramming out of certaine knots, from the ends of the branches, a number of them in fmall tufts fet in a clufter together, of a purplifh browne colour, which paffe into fmall berryes, fomewhat bigger and longer then thole ofthe Mafticke tree, and very like unto the true Carpobalfamum, greene at the firft, teddifh after, and of a blewilla colour, tending to greene when they are ripe, glutinous in handling and flickingtheir fingers that touch them,haying a kernell within tterntmoft of thofe berries that grow red before they te ripe,fall away being " ‘ ”i" empty TRC B Sr 1 6 . TbeTbeater of ‘Plants. C H A P. empty and idle : this beareth alio cercaine red hollow skinny bladders, like long homes, full of a clammy black - ifli liqueur, which breed final! flyes or gnats in themiThis being wounded in fundry places yeeldeth forth a liquid R.oflen or clecre Turpentine,but nothing fo thinne as that of the Larch tree. ' ^ 2. Terebinthut angufiiorefolio vulgatiore. ' Terebinths ctsmfltrre cbnictelo. The narrow leafed Turpintine tree. T,1C Tarpinrinc tree flooring a„d W j t h the home thereof. This tree is in all things like the former, but that it never ri- feth fo high, and the leaves are long and narrow, much fmalier then the former, theberryes are many of them red on theffalkes at their full time, which declareth them to be empty huskea,and no good feed, and but fome that will be full and good. The Place and Time, The Turpintine tree groweth in Narbone, and Provence in France, in fundry places of Italy, and Spaine, Cyprus and Greece, where for the mod part it abideth fmall, and low, but groweth very great and high,in Syria, Arabia, Cilicia, Armenia, and other thofe Levant Countries, as Tellonim hath obferved : thefecondas Lobellaitb, is much the more frequent in all the places about Provence : They flower fomewhat earely in the Spring, and the fruite is ripe in September and October. The Names, It is called in Sreeke ■n'fiuvll©-, and ; n Latine Terebinthut, and the Turpintine furin ttifurStyn, refina terrbinthina, the true Turpintine tree w as not knowne in clivers of thefe later ages be¬ fore ours,for as Matthiolut faith, the liquid Roffcn of the Larch tree had by time obtained the name of Turpintine, and fo was ufed, no man thinking that there was any truer to be had, untill the fearch of diligent men, had brought the true Turpintine to light againe, that fo long time had lyen hid from our Prcdecef- tf'j , lots. TheRrdis theTerebinthsu of cMatthiolut, Lugiunenfis, and others, and the Terebinthut Lentifci folio of Label. The o- theristhe PifiachU folio of Label, and the Terebinthut major of others. The esirabietns cMitTotin and Albotin, the Italians Terebinto, the Spaniards Cornicabra, the French Tereminthe, the Dutch Termentijn boom,mi we in Snglijh the Turpintine tree. TheVertttes The leaves,the barke.and the fruite of the Turpintine tree are hot and dry in the fecond degree,and doebinde,ftrengthep,and repell,but the Turpintine doth heate,clenfe,and purge, draweth, and mollefyeth and excelleth all other Rodens, yet Galen for fome caufes preferreth Mafticke, that is, in binding and (leng¬ thening ; the berryes being dry are very neere unto the third degree of dryneffe fo that they provoke urine, and are good for thefpleene,and for the biting of the Spider Phalangium : of theberryes is made anoyle, as out of the berryes oftheLentiske tree,which heateth and bindeth, and is good in crampes, convulfions, hardnefleof the (I- newes, and to dole wounds: the berryes themfelves are much eaten b y the people iri Tttrkje where they grow and make them their daily food, warming, comforting, and opening the uritory paflages, andwithall provoke luff: the Turpintine heateth, mollefyeth, refolveth, digefteth and der.feth: if a dramme or twote takenin a rearc egge it wonderfully helpeth the cough, which commcth by flegme, flopping the iungs, wheefmgs, and fbortncffeofbreath.and all imperfeftions of the chcft by flegme : it clenfeth the backe and reines, and ffayeththe gonorrhea,with a little dryed Rubarbe in pouther put thereto : it provoketh urine, and helpeth to breake and ex- pell the flone and gravdl, itripenethimpoflhumcsand helpeth to expell them, and mightily diffolveth winde in the paines of the chollicke, of the flomackeor fldes, and is good aifoagainfl the gout, Sciatica,and all paines in the j'oynts, as well to tak e it inwardly with fome Chamspitit, Sage,and Stachas, as to be made into a fearcloath and applyed thereto : it is a fpeciall ingredient into thofe Balfomes that are to heale any greene wounds, and is lingular effefluall in all wounds,and fraftures in the head,all pundures in the flefh or finewes, and all breakings out in theskinne,be it itch or fcab,bethey piles,pufhes or whealcs: it draweth forth fplinters,thornes or the [ii:e out of the flefh, and healeth the chaps of the lips,hands,fundament or other parts.* briefely it is put into ail halves, oyles,oyntmcnts,or plaifters,that ferve to clenfe ulccrs,to draw and heale any fores,or to warms and comfort any, cold or weake parts t thefe things the true Turpintine performeth better then any other,which from hence hath drawne both the name andufe: che Chymicall oyle of this Turpintine is wondrous effeftuall in many of thefe difeafes, if it be carefully applyed, for it is by farre of more fubtill parts, being the purer and more fubtill fpirits, whereby they heate and penetrate much more,and therefore inwardly or outwardly mufl be ufed in idler quan¬ tity, and as it were but by drops. There ate in the Eafterne Countries of TwrfiV.as Bdlonm recorded], much ufe made of the young homes of die Turpintine tree,before they are growne great,for he faith many thoufand pounds weight of them are gathered while they are no bigger then Gaulles, to (erve the Dyers there to dye their filkc 3 Which Hull hold the colour freflier and firmer then any that is Dyed without them. 1527 1528 C«AF; 89, '1 beatram ’Botankum . T R I B E 16. Chap. LXXXIX. BAyunum penuinnm miejuorum. The true Balme or Balfamc tree of the ancients. P unto you this Balfame tree as I (Itould, and as it ought and defetveth, Ifomewhat doubt of ! my ability, tot who is fit for fo rare, fo excellent a fub/eff, being heretofore accounted as one of the greateft jewels.and richeft endowments of theearth, and asa parcell of the treafure of meat K.ngs d,d nr C a "?, Prwc ‘ :s - and IC15 th0 ^ hc tynny « h « the S reateftand werthyeft prefent that the Queene of StlU tJ f . . * ,y one of the greateft Icwels the firfl Ttolomoy cculd bring away from thence into fgypt, as Au hours doc record it : butnow the times are fo changed, that I thinke I (hall fcarccgaine credit,that the fame true Bulfamum is extant in rerum natum : but lead my gates grow grear ter then my City, and f> itrunneout atihem, let me leave any further preamble, and {hew you the thi ng. The Ballrme or Baltne ttee,nevergrowethvery great, no not in the naturall places, being lufrercd to grow as it will, but unto five or (ixe cubits high or thereabouts, and in otheis moth lower,w ith divers final and (fraight (lender branches ifluing from thence, ofa brownilh red colour, elpecially the younger twigs, covered with a double barke, ti e red out, t moll, and a greene one un¬ der it, which are ofa very fragrant find!, and of ar. a- romatical! quicke talle, 1'omewhat affringent and gum¬ my, cleaving to the fingers, the wood under thebarke being white, and as infipide as any other wood; on thefe branches come forth fparfedly and without order iundry flalkes ol winged leaves, fotnewhat like unto . thofc of the Mallicke tree, confifting fome but oftluee leaves which are thole that firff come forth and the lowelf, others of five or leven leaves, and feidoinca- bove, which are fet by couples.the loweft ftmlleft,and the next larger, and the end one larged of all, ofa pale greene colour, fmelling and tafting fomewhatlike the birkeof the branches; a little clammy alio, and abi¬ ding on thebufhes Winter as well as Summer: The flowers are many and final!, (handing by three together on fmall flalkes, at the ends of the branches made of fix fmall white leaves a peece, which are lucceeded by fmall brownifh hard berries, little bigger then lum¬ per berryes, fmall at both end-, crefled on die (ides and very like unto the berryes of the Turpiminc tiee, ofa very (harpefent, having a yellow hony like jubilance within them fotnewhat bitter, but arorr,a;icall in ufle, and biting on the tongue like the Opslafamum • From the body hereof being wounded, commcth forth a li - q iour (ard fometimtsa littleo( it felfe withoutfcari(ying) of Valf.imem gennitmm ant:quorum. The t: lie Balme or Sulcatum tree of the ancients, -- ..wien ju.ttariiyingy 01 a troubled whitifhcolour attliefitft, which after fome lrnail time groweth cleare, being fomewhat thicket then oyle in Summer,of fo fharpe a piercing Cent, that it will pierce the noftnls of them that lmell thereunto,like unto oyle of fpike almoft, but as it groweth in age lo it decayetn both in the chinr.efTeof the fubftance growing thicker, and in thefmdl nothing lo quicke and m the colourbecomanng ye,low like hony.ot brown.- tliickclurpintine, as it groweth older. The TUce and Time . Arabia felix about -Jliecha.. and CMedin r,and a fmall village neere them called Bedrunia, with the hils rallies and fandy grounds about them, and the Country of the Sabeems next it, are thought by many to be theonelv naturall places, where this tree hathbecne ever knowncin rhelcor the former dayes to grow, and from thence hath 1 h. fome of the belt frmtes of the Land, fc. Roffin &c. which I take to be underflood this Balme, or die Ruffin limply might be thought too [imple a prefent f r hfepb, and not one of the beft fruitcj of the Country : but I doubt of the truth of that tale that the Queene of Shaba did firff bring the Balfame trees to , J "•!, t,u ! fj" P. !aiir , ed th:m ,n the valley by Iericha, but rather that they were fetched from the hils of Gi. lead , and planted b/ntm therein Orchards, the better to betended. Ieremj the Prophet doth alfo often men¬ tion the Balmeof o,. end. And yearely prmned both by the Iewes and Arabitnr, t 0 have the greater (lore ofliquor. It llowrcth m the Spring with the Turpintine tree,and frudifyeth wich it in the Autumne. The Names, 9 From the .Mint who caU it 3«*//Vi>ifcj»ef,ofFr,TMein 1 : yceldeii.no gutprne, buc in Syria,Cilicia 'PaJpkili'^'cyZ^'’ and “ !,cr parts of Tar kit, where much, but is To adulterated that I thinke fc'arfc none i„’ W not “? Ccuntrics, it giveth much, but is Co adulterated that I thinke fcarfe none in rur age hath feenc any (l'ncere come over unto us, as 1 v that (tncerc Huff.,that which we have drawn out ofth’e belt gumme we could get, is plainely to be difeerned lb much grofle/crw remaining Behind,after theexpreM- on, and by the comparing of it with 'Dufcridt, his notes: It fbwrcth in the Spring, yeclding fruite in September, the other Baubimu as I laid, had it from Bclhu of Candy, but where it grew isnotfignifyed. The Nnwes. It is called in Grecke safe =, and in Latine Styr:, x H r bi)r, as the Gumtne is called Gutnmt ityrax, or Stn- r«.v,and in fhoppes Sterax or Styrax Calamita, which for v. hat caufe it was fo called, (Jalcn dcclai t th that becaule thebed and mod finccre came fixm Pampbiti 1 they uled to put it into Cants, the better to prclerve’ rotonely the lent as mold fay, but even the lubftance too,as I thinke, for tile pure finccre gutrru.eis (opicr- iing that nobarrell can be made <0dole, but that it will fearch the j'oynts, and draine through ihem, whi ho- pimon of mine although it may feeme drange- as not being heard of before, yet I has e many realons bo |, to induce me chcmnco, & (ome to contra, y theirs that ob ;cct the tranfportation ofhandfulsof Dielamm.ir Canes 01 Fei ula italks in the like manner, which are of far dif¬ fering natures: the one a dryed herb, which needed net any inch indoiitre.to preferve thefenr, whrreofithath not fo much that they needed fo to put it up for fcarc of loofing,and behds the cask was fo lmal that abundance of them could contatnc buj a little merchandize, (ome other caufc they had furely, if they did p„ t them, the leaves and flalkcs I meane, into the Canes /whereof [ fomewhat doubt, but that they put them rather wi'h Canes to keep them from breaking^ this other a gum hat required fome tight cask to containc it,(or feare of 7 *. k :-r **«**■» - «*.».»»«« of Scorax, which 1 have by ArtK£fc tbatit wouldpierceeven through a wooddenvdfenLrlt heam fc dlft ' l!:10n ^ P c ,5edandn ‘ ad; wbefopure ■ be faid fincere gumme in a glaffe or gaily not l , ’ ^rn f"?"’ and th;rdore w2 ' forced to keepe cf leaning downc the veflelh a long tm/aftcr thirl Zy f ° lha . t ‘ c w0ld1 r “ n| K upon any final! occadon Storetx liquid# fiiould be, for none of the ancieirs have 2 me ^ IS - foo! ' do “ lj ' alfo with many, what our kiude oCSumx from the tree, ami ,0 fUtl " h,n S ! ,0me WOuld b «cita Storux itjuida, to iflue from thence, which i/befideath-rvr andn 8 **1 3 S,orax tree > ‘PPropriating the rahansl thinke,take it to be the extraftiun of'm , f, r m" . u ‘ n ?rov ’ £ - : others from the A- fiiould be Co, feeing the Sterax liquid,, i,. ,f j- A *Myrrhe.called CMyrrhxjlablt, which I cannot fee how it fay it fiiould be taken hath any the like; it is therefore P‘ tr o ,n 8 a ^nt that noMyrrhe, from whence they tained the knowledge, Bauhinut lall ly in dc'crtbinp this l ’ red, y f 0" eolh “ thmg whereofasyet we have not at- Bquidi, which how much or little it lotted, he " f 7 “’ ln Hs cntituleih it Styrax rex rubra fomething hath htene Cpoken theieof here be! ^ p*’ ^ "T h c feahe l may dechrf - Tlie *«- of groweth in Cyprus,bat (unkffc they tncanc th- Hr“ Smnv r A V™ urT T h u Vealnrmedlhat tlKtrc = tbere- full thereof. * »cm-hrltStoraict:ee>ntillitbefurtherconhmied,lflialire(ldoubt- TliP • c u ■ Jhe V ertt **s> • grer.anddry fnlhcVrft? a lieawSmollcf'yethandTISi^K d ?^ T “ h °'. t,!C ft - 0 “ ddc ‘ rheumes and hoarlenclTc : it prove kerb womens coufie .n 1 S c f Z c 1 0U ^ hes >. catarrhej.demilations of f-lother, it gently loofeneth the belly, if a little of the’ true Turner”’ lard,ufl . c ar - d contratilions of the a;id taken : it refifteth thofe poyfons'that kill with col -»—.Ju' 111 ,' p !' r “ nt0 'C and r ° ®aele into pikes tity thereof taken faith PA*;,doth drive away faJntile^'f,o' : th ml ' em ° ck ^ do . th > a, J d thc like : 3 fcnt.II qmn- it doth contranly bring and cncrcafe tr and wotke-b ra i r . an ] 1 J ’ ' !' c '[ “ ,,e taken 100 Iri > h or too often, flccpes, Vfed as a pelTsry it dtaweth do^vne minhuiv^^-sth di^ rnsn^ ^ K b f ra f5» = ad troublefome it taketli away thefingingsand noyfe in them appl'-p'd'’■o - he hiVn- n an f , r afterbirth,dropped into thceares, it refolveth and comforteth much and is -ood t oV*lr 1 h P i' L- fl,0ulldcrs ? r joyntsaffliclcd with cold aches difTolvetb T R IBE diffolveth hard tumours in any part,as thole about the throate called the Kings Evill, and other nodes or tumours in the fleih or on the joynts: It lerveth alio as a perfume to burne in liouies or chambers, either alone or with other things,it is put alio among fweete pouthers in bagges, (or chells and wardrobes. Draco (V bor. T he Dragon tree. Draco Arbor, The Dragon tree. Mud needes adde this tree to the red of the berry bearing Refinous trees, be'caufe it agreeth with them, whofe detription is on this manner. It is a goodly faire great tree to behold, riling as high as a Pine tree,with a great body, covered with a rugged batke, lull otehappes and clifts, bearing eight or nine great armes, equally fpreading from the toppe of the trunckeor body thereof, each | of them bare,for a cubits length, and then thrufting torth at thtir heads three or foure dataller bran¬ ches, yetofanarmesthickenelle, and bare alio for a certainelpaie, and bearing at thetoppesof each of them, divers very long and narrow leaves joyned together at the boccome, aiidcompaffingoneanother likeasthe hlowerdelucesdoe, each of them being acu- bit in length, and an inch in breadth, growing narrow¬ er to the end, where it is pointed with a thicke midule rib, running through the middle, all the length of them, and being reddifh about the edges, which ate fharpe like the lru leaves, abiding alwayes greenetfrom among the leaves at the heads ; come forth long foote(lalkes,of about a footes length, branched forth into other lefler (hikes, bearing at certaine fpaces, divers fruites or herryes in du¬ ffers (forthe flowershavc not bccne cbferved ) each ^ ot them like unto a fmall Cherry, ofafowrifh or rate tafle, and of a yellowilh colour, when they arc ripe 1 wich a Hone within them,very like a Cherry done, and a : likckcrnell alfo(btn here is no (hew of any Dragon here in to be feenc, as rJMrmxrdw fableth,and others that from him have fet it forth, which fheweth how neceffary it is to have judicious and confciouable men to be thefirft relatorsofdrangeorunknownethings) out ofthis tree being (lit or bored, commeth forth a thicke (not dcate as . cJUatthioliK laith) darkeredgumme or Rodin, which hardneth quickely, and will melt at the fire,and flame be¬ ing cad therein, yet fomewhat dryly, being bruifed it fheweth a very orient red crimfon or bloody colour, yet I is very hardly mixed with any liquour, eyther water or oyle: the wood is very hard and fume, and hardly ad- . mitreth to bee cut: but the younger branches are more tender. Wbat if Matter Hamonds flefh tree, growing in Magadaftar,kl forth in his Paradox, yielding liquor like blood,may not prove to be this tree, if the tenderntfle of the wood, cutting as he faith like flefh,either hinder not the identity, or be not an hyperbole. T'oe Place and Time. This tree groweth in the Iflands both of Madera , and the CartarieSj and in BraJJ!lli\(o, as I am given tounder- fland, where it groweth vaft, but C ht f“ u faith that he found it in the Orchard, belonging to the Monadery of our Lady of grace in S paint, planted among fomc Ollive treesonafmallhiH: thcTtmeisnotexprelTed. This is fo tender, thatalrhougb ir hath fprung with us from tneftones that were fet, yet it would fcarfe endure to the end of Summer, but perilhed with thefirft cold nignts. ■ _ The Names. It is molt probable th.it neither Diofiorides nor any of the ancient Grccke or Latine Authours had any know- ledge of this tree, or could give any defenption thereof, but of the gum ot Roffln onely.yec neither knew whe¬ ther it came from herbe or tree, or wasammerall of the earth,but called it j n Greeke, and thereafter Cimnataru ,n Latine, ’Dtofcmdts faith that it was fo fcarfe to be had , that the Painters could not get diffident Lftwl ’ [ome called trto^d^, fo ancient is the name, and by which ondy the moderne Writers are led to thinkctbac tne gnmme of this tree continuing the name to this day, the ted of this declaration agreeing hkewife thereunto,,s the right Cimabarit of Diofcoridr, : but Pliny in his 35. Booke and 7.Chaptcr,for the eider world hath fabled(no leffe then Monurdw from his Bilhop of Ctrthage in this as is afore- al P al ? d , et u d °wne for a truth that Cmnabarj,, is no other thing but the blood of a Dragon or Serpent crufnt to death by the weight of the dytng Elephant killed by him, and that both their bloods mingled together was the Sauou* draco *.r that the Painters ufed, and was alfo ufed in medicines, lulm Solinur affirmS fie thing: but affuredly the true caufe of the name hereof was the bloody colour that the gum gave, however they coloured the truth rrom others knowledge by the name of a Dragon. b 5 nowever tney . . TheVertues. There rsno part of this tree put to any ufe in Phyficke wich any that I know, but the gam onely, yet no doubt I53 2 ChAP.^2, Theatrum ‘Botanicum . Tribe 16 in the naturall places, or where it groweth, both barke and fruite might be applyed for fuch like difeafes as the gumme is pat unto, which is very aflringentderving to redraine the fluxe of blood or humours, from any pans both in man and woman, aslaskes,the menlirues whites,and the gonorrhea: it is alfofaid cohtlpethedraneurv and (loppings of the urine, to fallen loofe teeth, 3rd is very available for the gummes are lpongy or with look flefb : it isgoodalfo to (lay the watering of the eyes, and to helpethofe places that are burnt with fire: Th- Goldfmiths and Glaliers ufeit much in their workes, the one for an enamell, and to feta foile under their prep- ous doncs,for their greater lufter; and the other by fire to flrikc a crimfon colour into glade, for Windowesct the like. I doe not know thac Painters can bring ic co be a fit colour to be ufed in their workes. Chap. XClI. Cedrtti magna Coni fern Lilrani. The great Cedar of Libnn ut. CcJns magva coma libmi. The great Cedar of Libmut. |jjHercd oiihz Arborcs rejiniffera, thofe trees thatbeare Rodins are to follow, which are thefe tl *®( beare Cones,being the great Cedar, the Pine cree.and all the forts thereof both tame and wild | Pitch tree, the Firretree, the Larch tr.e,the Cypred’e, andthe-^riw vita, or tree 'of life ' 1 j j fird of the great Cedar, This great Cedar groweth up with a great thicke upright body .taller tf” any other tree whatfoevtr dored with branches on all (ides, but fo ordered that the lower bran h ” fpread larged, and dill upward they grow fmaller up to the toppe, reprelcntiug the forme of a Pyramid orS^ garloafc.tothem th it view it afarreof; the greater and lowed branches with the body are fomewhac r is" d andfull ofehappes, but that of the upper branches is very lmcoth, and of an afli colour, and being tubbed away with ones nailes, appeareih greene underneath, and reddifh un¬ der that: the branches (ou.c fay grow all upright, but others flraighc out, and as ic were erode wife,flrong, but brittle, and eafie to be broken, not to be bended and fo placed abouc the body, one above anorher that they yeeldan eafie afeent up to the toppe,as it were by deps: the leaves grow many toge¬ ther, out ofa knot, which are {mall long and narrow, like unto thofe of the Larch tree,lomewhathard, but not ilaarpe at the end as they are, and (ofet, the longed being inihe middle, and the led'er on the ddcs, that they reprelentthe forme of a Painters pcnfell, abiding alwayes greene on the trees being fom»wbat (weetein fent.j little (owre, bitter and adringent in tade : it bearcth Cones that grow upright like as the Firredoth.net hanging down: as others doe, flen- derer then thofe of the Pitch tree, and thicker, greater, and harder then thofe of the Firre, fomewhat yellowifh and round at the end, made of many fcales, with afhortfoore- fialke to it, but fo firmely fet to the branch, that without breaking away fome ofthe wood of the branch, ic cannot be pulled away, yet the dales opening of themfelves, will fall away, leaving the dalke bare that went through the middle /. olchem, but this ic will not doe uni ill the nexc yc are after ic be ripe, for ic requireth one whole yeare co ripen, within which is the feede, as b'gge as Grape kernell;, fomewhac fweete in tade, bedewed with an oylie fubdance, thac isofa good fent: out of this tree 1 here commeth two fort of Rodin called Ccdri.t, the one thinne like unto that of the Firretree, which commeth forth by piercing the tree at the fundry knots while they be young and not covered with a rugged barke, and putting thereto an home, out of which ic mud runne : the other Rodin floweth forth of it owne accord, growing hard of it felfe thereon, which will fticke fo fad tothe teeth if it be chawed .that it wid hardly be pulled away againe, and being fmel'cd unto giveth a very fweete fent; the Wood is durable above all other.and not in many ages ycclding to cor¬ ruption. The Thee and Time, T his Cedar groweth on fundry meuntaines in Syria, and the parts ncerc thereunto, and the eolded parts of r-ncm that are covered with Inow a c * t:l ~— —i • . . . r . mem that are covered with (no w as ^mnn Wl Tnurus and Libanus, and not in many places elfe that have beene oblerved, the time ivdddared m the deicription to be a whole yeare in perfefling the fruite, and as Plin, faith, new coimc forth before the old are ripe, J The Names; j® called fn Grecke (not knowne to Dinfccridee t Galen er Plinj, as their workes teftifie, for theirs IS ™ berries like to lumper,or the : Mirtle ) and xityiS.,™ ejtufi CcMiee, becaufe ic oil- rlnTeh '?r hc G ?t". K te Dn *> l iba»i*,C* 3nd teddifh on theinfide, the branches grow |g|jg|one above another in a comely order having divers fmall yellowifli knobs or bunches (et at feverall diftances, from whence doe yearely flioote forrh many (mail thicke long and narrow, loft and lmooth greenc leaves, _ as it were in a tuft together,like the former Cedar, bat fliorter, f mailer and blunter ooir ted thin lEl.S'f “f*’'"!' 1 ?' w l'*,bdoeivj[abi,)e,ny w in,e,a,,hcydoe hi,i fall away as other nws Till! Ollrl daa I J3-« kl t. hemn e-.t _If — f... r full and deleRable, being of an excellent fine criinfon colour, and very fweete,which afterwards turne into fmail foft cones, like unto Cypreffc nuts while they are dole,but longer then they, made of many fine and thin frnallfcales, one lying upon another, (landing on a fhortllalke, having (mall (cede on the infide of every fcale, formed like a final! Bird, with two wings, and a fmall (wecrekernell within them like the Pme ker¬ nel!: the wood is very firme,hard. and clo!e ; long in grow ng and long lading, andmaketh the bell coales for all Smiths worke, and for Miners to melt the Ore of lnettall, aboveany other wood rohold fire longed cndllrongeft, although Pltny faith, lit.i 6 .C io. thatic burnethno other,wile then a done, nor maketh any tea es, which how it can bee, that a Roffinoes tree fiiould not burnt any may judge: it yeeldcth forth a liquid Rodin beingbored.very cleare and white,which we call Venice Turpintine: rhtr s is alfo found upon tf e bodies, and greater boughes hereof, a kindcofhard end dry Mufiirome, called Agarie\e, whereof I have fpoken with the Turpintineof this tree, in the fecond Cl.dIi> 3 lthis,Rebke,which is of purginp Plants. The Thee and Time. ° Irgrowethnotinall Greece, for neither Tdiofcoridei nor Theophrcflne, hath made any mention thereof, but moft plentifully in the Woods by Trent, and in all that tiaff betweene Germany, and Italy, and many other places of Germany, it fhooteth forth as is faidyoung leaves every Spring, with the bloffomes prelcntly af¬ ter,and ripeneth the fruite before Winter. The Names. i It is called in Greeke Aciti?, and the Turpintine/Ww Kaesrlr,,, in latine alfo Larix, and the liauid Roflin Refins Larkea, or Lariynx, or Teicfsinchina Veneris, Pliny faulted many rimes in miftaking the ernes Pic/aot Theephrajlus for this, applying thole things to the L“ Larix. The Larch tree. p DPDDp •. 1 ' r » U*i 1 rile, which he doth to Picea, as LngiUntnp fheweth very amply. Vi iruvim alfo erred with Pliny, i n fay¬ ing that the wood oi the Larch ttee did burne no othcuvUe then a Hone in the fire: that Fnchfim alfo was in an errour ■jMatthhhu fheweth, that thoaghtthc Venice Turpintinc was taken Irom the Firre tree, for he proteft- eth that upon his ownc knowledge and fight, it came from the Larch tree, he alio infifteih againfl Brafnvcl-.il that thought other trees had produced Jgaricke : but thofe of other trees were hard Mulhromes, fuch as we call Touchwood, which ferveth like tinder to receive fire llrucke from the flint,&c. all Authottrs call it in Latinc La. n.v,the Italians and Spaniards Lnice ,the French Melefe, the Cermanes Lerchenht:im,rnA we the Larch tree. The Virtues. I have fpoken fo fufficiently of both T urpintine and Agar icke, in the fecond Claflls of this Worke, that I can aide nothing mote thereto, and therefore to prevent a double repetition ofthe lame things, Imult referre you thereunto. Chap. XCIIII, P'mts. The Pine tree. Here are many forts of Pines, fome tame feme wild : of the tame kinde there is obterved little vari¬ ety : but of the wild much, tor tome grow on mountainesfarre diftantfi om the Sea, others onthe hills and places neere the lea, of all which,although they be many, I would make but one Chapter _ . A r.r / r,, r-a rm rK" rr\ I anil rn tirf* hills and places r and not leparacc them into any more i. Finns nr ban.: five domejlica. The manured Pine tree. :s, a'liamg continually oiuuc young urancucs, ara not railing away but from the elder: e (mall yellow catkins in the Winter, which fall away in the Spring as the cones encrea .e ..u, c or cones, that are !o.new bat long and rou.,d, grow very high on the branches, and are fomewhat great t then in any of the other forts, compocd of fundry hardand brovvne wooddy kales, lying dole oneunto and upon another, which when they open of themlelves, or are earned by the heate of the fire, doe (hew within them cer- t one hard flv.ls, which containc in each of them, a long and whit every fu-eete kernell, covered with a very thin reddifli t-kunis, that is cafily tubbed of ; the wood hereof is firmer; heavier and clofer grained then of the Tirre or Deale, reddilh alfo, and not (o (hort or brittle a: it is, and witli aktnde of moilfure about the heart This is not lo plcntiiull in yeeldmg either Rofli.i or Prtchof it fhouid be fo ordered as the wilde kindes, i. Tir.ut nrbma fivcdome/hu. Thcnunuioi Pmc ir c. P'-nut fylvtftris mo :t2?.ifrnfi fen. Thcfiuiccfu ‘1 wildc Pincur-e. Of Of this kinde fome make another fort.whofe cone or apple is fomcwhat longer, 7 . Pi»Mfylvcftns mmtanafrupiifcrx. ThcfruitefnllwildePinetree' This wild Pine groweth feldome fo high, but v'ery like unto the former tame kinde, being no other wife to* be didingcu (bed from it, but that itgrowcth of tt ovvne accord upon hills and mouncaines, and that the ba r ke thereof is thicker and rounder, and the leaves lamewhat {hotter, harder.more prickly, and of a ladder greene containecUn ashard Vlhe/l™ 11 * ^ ma er ’ have as good and Weakerndl within them as the former, and 5. PmMfylvcflrl,alfcrafr»[HfiraTedaarbo r f^ct._ The f.fr (held wild Pine tree This other wild Pine groweth great in lize, and large in body,hut yet not of that h.-ighth asthe other nci ho¬ is the barke rcddilh nor (o thicke, but darker and pliable : the leaves aifo are like, bur grow thicker on r’he bran ches, even (cure or five ac a knot or ioynt, and the tree fuller of branches, but more crooked and full of fapne and end m a pcnlill-like forme : the cones are fmall and lh art, not much bigger then thole of the Pitchcre- ofa* darke purpltfla colour, full ofRoffin, hut (ofeer, and the Ihcls within them eafie tobe brokenbetweeue ones fin*, .rs, the fernellshkewife being very tender and (hort,and fweete, like unto thofe of the came Pine, but a littTe har(her, as thetafteo moll wilde (ruitesare, in coroparuonof the manured. Thiskindedoch more frcuuently corrupt with the abundance of the fappe, which is the [boffin, then almoltfmy other fort. 4 / . 4 - Pnm fylvejh* humilit injhtlhfcr*. The low wild barren Pine tree This Wilde Pme tree nfeth up with litrie or no body at all but (hooteth forth very long armes round about like unto pipes, from whence peradveniure it was named Tabula being ten, and fometimes fiftecne cubits lon«, whereof fome call it alfo «/>««, being flendcr and without knots, or branches, of which are made _~ binde casket, became they are fo fmooth and fo flexible: the cones arc not bi^ccr then the latt but have'"™ reth not^cone^oi fruite!^ CatCn ‘ :lnd there ^ orc caked infruttifera, barren or fttficl^^^ndno^beMufeit bea- T ,. . , J- Pin* fjlwfa Si'rilueUtior. The taller barren wilde Pine tree. 1 his tiee hath a (ingle blackifh roote.that (hooteth downe into the ground like a dalle- rhahndv • often crookedand wmhen, covered with a reddiffi barke, but the branches «e/moofh and , f t ' IS being thicke bulbing at the toppe, the leaves are .lender and hard, and but twot Cot o ,W° £££& 6 . Pinw maritime majorfrublifera. The greater Sea Pine tree. 1 ms greater Sea Pine rifeth to a meane height, with a crookod bodv and fnrrhf - »■ , ches from the ground, the leaves are fomewhat long, and like the firft wilde kinde* bur ffint-m- 1 “ffi intobrall ‘ the cones are fomewbat IdTer, longer,and whiter, with much Roffin often *onThem ffie ker" l "n hkemitotheu.butcoveredwuhablaclce.kin. C^batbftt forth Pppppp 2 RIBS 16 . The Theater 0} Plants. Chap,c^, 7. Pinm maritime minor. The leffer or d warfe Sea Pme tree. The lefler Sea P me Icarle rifeih to the height of a man, fall of more flender and pliant branches then the for mer, not covered with forugged a barke, nor fpreadingio truth, the leaves ire verv (l-ndr,- n, 'l V e t T " hard^theGdnesateUke.I'efferandnende^er, a^d fo ar!\he . 8. Pinafterpkmilio montanw, The dwarfe mountaine Pine tree. T his dwarfe Pine rifeth to a mans height, branching forth from the ground into fomewhar lamp arm?* „ a covered wtth athicke nagged batke, Reading about". the leaves ftanl by co^cs a"^iorm but thicker (hotter and blunter pomted, and of a (adder gtcene then in the firft wild kinde, the cones are little ifbovc an inch long, not much bigger then the Larch tree cones, but mo, e round at the head and (rnaTrr downe as all the others, the fhell of the nut within i, Winged as Thecrookcd mountaine Pine with thin leaves. 0 Jrrer rk/ " k eS OT writhcd and not ft^'ighr 3 the leaves then on are very thinne ale' jhorter then many others, t wo joyned togc.her round about the branches,at the ends whereof come fnrrh r-rr^ C (mall fcaly catkins of a purplift colour which fall away into a fmall pouthcr, and after them come n the ,n ddT anew fptout of leaves inclofcd in acertaineskin: \hecon^ T J;°' f r ‘‘ ,,, Z e ^ Uo r 'j The Pine tree is called in CreckeW*,,, in Latin zPmw, the Cones are called mm, in Lari,re Com andrhc' TH 2 r tT ? rfek i, ES but now lhc kcrnelsart fo called,the kernels within them™'/,* as s f e l\ Wh k°“ Uthboth thofe ofthc Pinc and ofth ^ Pitch tree by that name/whereof ZthlZ ft, n in-fortUT t e P C 9 m ° nm3 ’ tbe W0 [ d P i tch trcC bein S ‘Uruft ^0 the Tea without any ground of tea- ion. PamramfruSm • and rh.. , , . .. heTl "p Cdlble > and , not tbe Pit* t' te. That W*» which Theophrafitu, Diofcmdcs, am | Galen ftlewerfi ' ftoSd do S m pV rC ?' Jnd c n0t * e Pkch tree * may bC m£WCd in div ™ ^ out’of Galen and others oth mifiake them,from the UkenelTe of Pence to Picca, and P ityy to Pinw, as alfo Pence to Lari ■ ■ and as muchdn' l" d °'^ f ° air ° J and Ga ™ foretimes tranflateth them righr.and fometimes wrong, but there m be •I,cmoitf : what tree Dtofcerider, and Tbeophrejfm meant by whether the Pitch ? as ic is thought by ter .f“ d,c,ousc t io mt fort of p me , becaufe ‘piofcorides putteth them both together in the title of the Chap? them b.ork k’ y " crc b ethof onckmdc,and yet faith fome held them to be divers forts, and nameth the fruit-of that the Pftdi toe doth i t Phe ? VCd i h "? bef ° re ’ when as it is plainely knowne to all that have oblirved them , Pitch and rk, c d ‘“? re re,emble the Flrrc then tbe Pme . ai being; no other difference betweene them the rrnr/ , £ be Firre, then betweene male and female,as I fhall fiiew you after a while and there is or-are/dW SSS h r d;btP r" C - then there is of the Piucs among themlclvcs”:- ancfT^e^ti oajbk aho’ which L P ‘ 0 J - ??°^ CS namcc h Til ntayexty as if there fliould be tw:d forrs.af Pitch trees a tame and a uni \ itis, (htweththere'dine of dift Cd - as be dotb of lbc pill . e « 1 fe °w to mend this matter, that l„£ j.... , c tntr.e reading of to be underftood pcea oaNifolmh. two words in his a;::Lr!rF"'S pecu'imhir linr c [ otaken ' K ''hTkcophraJlm znd others, yet that letteth not, but that there might be alfo a tree norinhisrmHr f. 'r nJ / I ' e0f7 —' 1C beln ,S hom ’”’emia, a word of divers fignifications, and that elfo Time was fc-lfe derl.r? h ■ enfc! ’ a PP 01 ” c a peculiar kmde, and knew it was appropriated to corrupt trees alfo ashim- and ^' 1 ma n y P'k CS f'°° keS -. The firlt here fet d °wne is called Tim , ana vt.igatijjirnaby all Authours that hive wntren thereof. The fernnd is nllrd PGu< r-U, a ■ J n’e PpPPPP i rh ^537 SV ; -- $ | T Virtues. The barke of the Pine tree is binding and drying,(laying the laske and provoking urine: it helpeth the Settings andgallings of the skin, ulcers alio that pofleile the upper parts, and burnings with tire, taken with Ceratum Myrtinumjas with Litharge, and skirneth them after, and mixed with Coperas, it fiayeth the fretting or cree¬ ping of ulcers, the fumes thereof taken underneath,caufcth a delivery of the birth, and expclleth theiecondinc : rheieaves are cooling and affwage inflammations, and keepe ulcers from being inflamed, a dramme of them taken in water or mede, that is honyed water, aregood for the heate of the Liver ; if they be boyled in vine¬ gar, and gargled warme in the mou.h, it he’peth the paincs in the teeth and gummes, the like doth the fliivers of the Torchpme boyled in vinegar and gargled. The ktrnells of the Apples are wholefotne.and much nourifhing while they are trcfli, and although they be lomewhat hard of digeftiun, yet they doe not offend, elpeciallyit they be lleeped three or fourehourc in warrre water,before the taking,to foake out their fharpenefle andoyli. ntfle: thole that are of h r confli utions may take them with Sugar, but thole that are cold with hony, audio they doe amend the putrefying humours in the llomacke and bowels, and (lit up bodily luft andcncreaie lperme, if they be made into an eledluary with a little pouthcr of fenisti) pemits, and home fweete wine, alio they much helpe an hoa fe throate, wheelings and fhorenefle of breath, and when the voyce is loft, and expeflorate flegme, aiidarcgcodforan old cough,and the ulcers of the lungstthey alfolenifie the uritory paffages being fret¬ ted with the (tone, and cauf- them to be ealily avoyded : they helpe alfo to ripen inward Impoltumes, and are Angular good for maciicnt bodies, to hearten them and make them grow far, being often taken they helpe the paflie, fhakiag, and numnefle of the members. Both Comfitmakers, and Cookes know howto makedainty Q nee chafes for their delight that will have them. 1 here is a water deftilled from the grecne cones or apples that is very effedtuail to take away the wrinc kies in the face, to abate the over fwelling breafts of Maidcs,by ba¬ thing them with w et cioathcs in the water laid on them, and to reftore fuch as are ravifht into better termes. Chap. CXV. Picea. The Pitch tree. ^gy g ji 'He Pit- h tree hath formerly bcene comprehended under one kinde, yet P/;nylcemcth to reckon a fa- tivaindafjhejlriu the [atvua to be Sapiuus, and the fjlveftrit Picea : but weinthef'e times knew 1 but one fort unti.l CUtfirn hath added adwarfe fort thereunto. j. Picea vulgaris. The ordinary Pitch tree. The Pitch ti ce is fo like unto the F irre tree that ic oftentimes deceiveth them that ate not skilfull », tkea fumiU. TbcdnaifePstchttce. Tr l bs 16, The 'Theater of "Plants* Chap ,96. 1539 or well excercifed tberein, for it is to be difccrned but by iome cdpeciall notes. It rifeth up as high and groweth as great as the Firrc, fteeple fafhion, with a thicke rfddilh afhcoloured batkc, rough and tough like leather, and ipreadeththe branches a erode as that doth, butbeodingdo\vne, not (landing upright as the Firrc doth: Ths leaves alfo are thickefet on all (ides of the branches, and not onely on two asihcHrre : being thicke and (horr, round.and not flat as the Firte leaves are, foftcr alfo and not hard, pointed at the ends like it: the cones come forth at the ends of the branches, after the catkins arc fallen, which are fomewhat rtddiflaat thefirft fpringing forth, and being full growne are flender, about (even or eight inches long,bending downewards, abiding fo long onthetrees. nntill the kales opening, the Iced within them which is (mall and blackifh, falkth out upon the ground, the wood is ftnootlier,fofter,le(Tc knotty,and with fairer and flraighter graines, and thereby more ac¬ cepted in workes then the Fine, fromthistrec is gathered lmall poeces of white hard diy RolTtn, difliiling out thereof of it owne accord,very like unto Olibanum, that many may be deceived with it, as alio a Fquid Rcffin ot Turpintine, by boring the tree as others are.a-sd Pitch alio,as from the Pine. a. Piceapnmila f I he dwarfe Pitch tree. This tree never rifeth high, butalwayesabideth low, ipreading the branches in manner of a crofi’eas the for¬ mer, befet with (hotter and palergreene leaves allaboutthem, thisbearethcertainc l'mall heads, of thebignefie of an Flafell nut, compofedoffcaleslaid clofe one uponanoihcr, whofeendisa prickly leate, whichopcning when kisripeflieweth it to be like hollo w voyd or empty places within, and from the heads that arc at the ends of the branches, (hoote fo.th oftentimes branches with fundry flrorc and prickely leaves: whether it boie cither flowers ot fruitc,Cto/i<» faith he knew not,for he law none on any that he found. The Place and 7 ime. The firft groweth ufually in all Countries with the F it re trees, but feldomeneerethc Sea: the other Clnfeus found in his fcarch for (imples in Germany, but nameth noplace: The Pitch tree blofl'omes fallaway in March and April/,when the cones begin to come forth, which are lipe before Winter, but abide on as is faid, ifthey be not gathered, untill it (lied all the feede, and that the windcs and the weather have rotted and blowne downs the ftalkts of the withered. The Names. It is called in Greeke vitcc , and inLatine Picea : becaule the pitch is made of this tree yet,as all Authoursdos agree, the Pine tree is mod ufually taken tor that purpole, and of it is made both the belt and the moll (tore. BelloniM as Cluj iti thinktth was much deceived in the Pitch tree, taking the vvilde Pine tree for ir, in his fccond Booke and third Chapter, where-C/t/JItM noteth ir, giveihic the figure of his Pitch tiec, which is the wilde Pine tree as he faith, but Bdloniw in his firtt Booke and 44, Chapter, doth there give the figure of the Sapimu, which he lanh fome French men call da Sapin, and lome de la Suijfe, which as LugJmicnfu faith, is the name by which they call the Pitch tree, fo that it feemeth probable that Clafsiu hath herein millaken Beltoniur, yet he faith in the faid lecond Booke and third Chaptei ,that the Inhabitants doe take Teda, Torches from this tree, and that they make pitch, and Crdrw.Tarre from it alfo, which is moft ufually made of ihc wilde pine tree, but if pitch were not made of this ttce.it had the name of pitch tree given it in vaine: Titjocampa, are taken to be called Ertsca painorttm, when as they onely grow on this tree. The Arabians call it An, but Tragus faith, they call the Pine treeby that name alfo, the Italians Ferouo, the Spaniards Pino negro, the French Peffi and Soijfe, the Germanes have no other diftinft name then Thannenbarsmto call it by, by which alfo they caliche Fir,-etiec,one¬ ly they call it Schwartz oder rot Thamenbanm, which Tragus callcth Abies rubra, and cliinkcih it to be Picea, the Thstch Pecklsoom , and we Pitch tree. The Verities. The properties hereof are wholly attributed to be the fame with the Pine t ee, as is before faid, bothforthe bavke and the leaves, but this not having any kernels, that arc fit cither to be eaten or uled in phylickc, we can lay nothing of them. Chap. XCVI. Abies, The Firrc tree. SgX&a Lthough Bcllimm and from him, doe follow Theopbrafhis and make two forts of Firres, a male and a female, yet unleffe the Pitch tree may be accounted his male, I know nor how it may be granted in our dayes: which if it be as Clstfiw and others feeine to yeeld unto, I marveile then what ■res’W’xon tree his -oiaa (hail be. I have therefore but one lort of Firreto (hew you, although I know fome by the fmoothndle and colour of feverall forts of the wood,might argue them of differing forts, yet I hold that not fuffirient to make a feverall fpecies, 110 more then is feene in our Oake, which growing in fome places will be fmoother or rougher,tougher alfo or more brittle, of a paler or yellower colour, and with more or leffeveines therein then in others, which comineth topiffe by themoift or dry, ftiffe or fandy grounds wherein they grow. It groweth taller then any other, except the great Cedar, growing ftraightup to a great height, without either branch or knot, and covered with a rough hard brittle gray barke, the greater armes (land alwayes foure toge¬ ther, ope oppofite unto another in lortne of a crofl'c, and grow upright, the fide branches on the younger (land¬ ing but by couples: this order it holdcth in all up to the toppe which is fmallefl, having rifen like a Pyramis by degrees: the leaves that grow on theeldcr branches, Hand without Order, and are harder yet bluntly pointed, then thofe on the younger, which Hand but on two fides, making the branches feeme flat, and very thicke lee one unto another, like the teeth ot a combe , and thsfe of the younger growth arc flatter then of theeldcr, of- tentimes forked at the ends, of a pale t'rcfii greeneon the upper fide, and grayifh underneath, and fmallell to¬ wards the endsthe aggletspr catkins that this beareth. are fmall and of a whitilh yellow greene, enduring a whole yeare on the trees,after they have (hewed their flowers: the cones or Apples thereof, are greater then thofe of the Pitch tree, and with broader feales,blunt or in fome double pointed, on theinlkiedf every fcale a!* stall lycch a fmall (cede, joyned to a thinne skinne like a wing, and abide grsene untill Winter, and then grow ripe Tbeatrum Potanicum 1540 CHAP.97. * T R IBE l6 Abies’ The Firre tree. ripe, but alwayesftand upright, and yeeld much Roflin in the Summer, but being wounded yceid a yeilowifh cleare Turpiii- tine, which is fharperthen that of the Larch tree, aiidfitonely for outward medicines: the wood hereof is foft and (mooch, with many fouldes and the knots arc the hardeft in any Tim¬ ber. The Place and Time, This tree groweth in all the Countries of Germany^ 'Polonla i Denmarkc and MnjcoviHy and in divers other Count! ies alfo in Italy fireecc, &c. in Scotland alfo, as 1 have beene aflured, but not in Ireland or England, that I can heareof, faving where they are planted, and whether there were ever any growing natural¬ ly in England at any time heretofore is almoft out of queftion: The time is declared before. The Names. Tt is called in GreckcaAetT;/, and inLatine Abies, and fo called by all Writers without variation, but that Clfffim and fome o- thers make it to be the *ydbies fd.mina of Theophrajtus, as they would make the Pitch tree his mai, yet as I laid 'Belloniw and D donate doe Ihevv us another tree to be his mas, which yet is fo like the Pitch tree, that if it be not it, we know not what to make itr Bauhimu alfo confenteth unto them, and yet he calleth the mas, furfam Jp'ttantibui coni j.when as their figure fheweth them tob e dependentobw. The Italians call it Abcte,rheSpaniards Abeto arbol, the French Avet,Sap, and Sapin alfo in fundry provinces thereof, yet Pliny faith the lower part of the Firre is called Sa- pimu, and the knotty upper part Pnfierna, the Germanes as I faid Thannenbaum 2nd iveifzthanncnbaunj , the T) fitch Dennemboom , and we in Eng/ijb Mail tree,Deale tree, but mod generally Firre tree. The Virtues. The bar' e and dry R.oflin of the Firre tree, is in property ve* ry like ur.tj the properties of the Pine tree, but that this is more fharpt and more clenfing. The cleare Turpintine or liquid Rodin of the Firre,is hot and dry in the fecond degree, and very e'enfing withall, yet as I laid not fo fit for any inward as out- ward medicines, being fomewhat too hot fharpe andnaufious to many; and efpecially feeing we havetwootbtr lores of Turpint ne finer for inward griefes, it isof excellent uleinall ialvesand Balfames ihar are for the head or an ly other greene wound or old ulcer, clenfing very much the old filthy (ores, and helping to heale them after’ andfoderingupthclipsofthc frelh. * Chap. CXVII. T)e Rcfixit. Of Rodins. Av i ng now ^ e ’' cd F 0U t f ecs that bearc gummes or Rodins,! thinkc it r Qj vi a more largely of the Rodins, and Gummes themfelves apart, bochtof t not amide to entreatc _ . , -- t —, -0 (hew you the feverall i # forts c fthem.ind the feverall manners of drawing them forth, which I could not either well doe before,or were omitted to fpeake of them here, and have their names mufler all in one place, but 1 becaufeCummes and n oflins would be too much to handle in one Chapter: I will onelymake the Rofltns my taskc in this Chapter, and the Gummes in the next, and for that Rodin is of two fans dry and moi:!, I will lpeake ofihem in each Seflion, but of the dry ones in thefiiff place, and of the moift Roflin is an rilinous fiibftancedilTolvingand melting of it felfe by the heare ofthe fire, and apt toburne with a flame,, and called jw" in Greeke, and Rejina in Latine, the dry Roflin is called p»vhu &e? Rtfma uricU and .. ' bcyled Roflin, that is, fuch as from the Turpintine or liquid Roffm is boyled with wa¬ ter in great kcitlesor cauldrons, into our ordinary yellow hard Roffincr into blacke Roflin, which is ufuallv now adayes called Cohfhonjt, yet fome fay that Co/t>pbonjei$ the foote of the Turpintine, after the oyle is de¬ fined from it,and fwi>» S3 f y-X'jiM liq« : .dj, liquid Roflin which is Turpintine. I. Refine Ccdri. The Cedar Roflins. Thee commeth. out oftbe great Cedar trec.adry Roflin of it owne accord, hardning upon the tree, which be^ r.i;chewed flicketh lofafttotheteeththatitcanhardlybepulledfromir. There is another alfo drawne from it that is liquid, and both of them called Cidria, but this liquid efpecially,' for that there is more (fore of it gathered, and is of more ufe alfo, and is dra wne from the tree by boring it at the young knots befo t e the barke be tugged, and fetting an hollow home to the hole, that it may runne out thereat into vcffels (et under to receive it, and is of as fweete 1 fent as the Strawberry faith LugduntnRi, and not as Din. fccr.dcs faith of a grievous fent, for Mjutbiolm out of a very auncienr manufeript amendeth the word to be ofa flrong lent, or ftrong fweete fent as Virgil his verfe doth intimate, Vrit ciir»t«m lamina Ccdrum - hk'r may be undeiftood of the wood alfo, but there is a tercaine liquour caljed Ctdrium by and others, which Tr i b & 16. The Theater of Plants. Cha p.97. 1541 I which is like our Tarre, and taken in the lame manner from it, for they of Syria make Pitch of this Cedar, as alio of the Oxyccdrw the prick cly Ccdar,as we in Europe do of the Pine and TW^that is,cut into ftickes to burne 1 this liquour commeth firft from it in the burning, which is of that forte and efficacy, that in Egipt they did be- fmcare the dead bodies therewith fundry times, which preferved them perpetually from putrefa&ion, foi being 1 of a cauftifke quality, it did feedc upon, and conlume the moifture in the carkafe, and fo kept it from putrefy¬ ing, but divers have confounded both the Ccdri* and the Cedrium together, and the pitch likewife calling them promifeuoufly, fome while Cedria, or Oleum Ccdrinnm^ which is Cedreleon ex malts Cedriy faith Pliny, and at other times Cedrium, when as properly Cedria is the Lachrymacrud* Cedriy or refine Cedri , and the Cedriumis % the /’i.t liquid* Cedri t and the pitch it leltc is Pix Cedrin*, yet both the Cedria, and the Cedrium arc of one operation : They in Syria, by Pliny his words in making pitch hereof, and of the l urpintine tree did ufe a kinde of furnace, wherein they piled their ftickes,and made a fire round about the furnace, but put no fire within it, as we in Eu¬ rope doe,in.making pitch,as 1 fhall (hew you hereafter, when 1 come to fpeake of the pine and pitch trees .Bello- niws faith that of any of the Refinous trees as well as of the Cedar is made Cedriety which both Alatthiolus andZag- dunenfis doc worthily reprehend for fo manifeft an errour: 1 he Vertues and properties whereof are fet downc before,and needc not a repetition here againe. 2. 1 he Oxjcedrw or great prickly Cedar tree giveth a certainc dry Roflin or Gumme as it is called, fomewhat like unto the Mafticke, but that the graines are long, and of a more yellovvifh colour, but fo dry if it be chewed betweene the teeth, that it will not be wrought into a pafte like Mafticke : but will be as a pouther in the mouth continually.* this I take is called Gum Iuniperi, m the Apothecaries fhoppes, and Vernix alfo, and Sand*r*ch likewife, becaufe the tree is fo like unto Iuniper, and Lugduner.fis faith that both the gum of luniper, and of the Oxyeedrus are called Vernix. Hereof is made a molt (linking l arre,called by the French htiilc deC*de 3 when as they make pitch of the wood,as they do of the pine and pitch trees.This is moft likely to be the l weet Cedar of the 'Bermudas. 3. Refine Laricee, The Larch tree Reflins. The Larch tree yeeldcth likewife two forts of Roflin,one breaking out at the chinkes of the barke on the body and elder boughes,which is deere and white like unco white dryed Turpintine, and fmellech rcalonable well, which will not be kept in drops, but will runne together into lumpes, untill in time it will grow dry and hard. It yeeldeth forth alfo a liquid Roflin, when the tree is bored to the heart as is before faid, yeat e after yeare, one or other, but not the fame trees every yeare, one hole above another for eighth or tenne footc above the ground, which when they have fo done on onefide, they doe fo to another, ftill doling up the holeclofewithapinne or wedge, this yeeldeth faith Pliny 3 lib.i 6 c.io- aliquourof the thicknefl'c ofthinnehony, which never groweth hard, and againe in another place he faith, The Larch tree yeeldeth forth a thinne Roflin of the colour of hony, fmelling ftrong,nocwirhftanding chat he had faid that it burneth no more then a done, nor yet maketh any coalcs® Vitruvius alio lib. 24. c. 6 . faith the Larch tree yeeldeth a liquid Roflin of die colour of the hony of Athens, which is good for thofe that have a ptificke : but in that they lay it was of the colour of hony, you mnft not un¬ derhand the colour of our red hony, but inch as that Country of Athens gave, which was nothing fo high colou¬ red as ours, and which 1 do in part beleeve, led by divers reafons, to thinke, that that liquid Roflen which flow- eth out of'the Firre tree, being fomewhar. neare the colour of our hony was the Turpentine tiled formerly in the Apothecaries (hops but as oMatthiolus aflurethus, the cleaie white Turpentine that is in moft ufe in the Apothe¬ caries fhoppes for inward medecincs, and called Venice Turpentine (in imitation or the true Turpentine which commeth out of the Turpentine tree, as divers Liqueurs are called Ballames, in imitation of tile true Baflame ) is taken from the Larch tree,whole properties are declared before. 4. *De Re jin* Pmi } & Pice a. Of the Rollins,of the Pine trce,and of the Pitch, The Pine tree yeeldeth forth a kinde of fatty or gummy Roflin, that isof a whitiih yellow colour, madcup with a great deale of drofle for the moft part, and but little cleane Roflin in feverall parts to be feene in it,which doth quickely become dry, and to be made into pouther, fmelling fomevi hat llrong and fwcetc, and is our or¬ dinary or common Francumfence that is ufually burned in lioufesand chan bers, to aire and perfume them, called ado farroffitty and in (hops Refim pun in France Garipot : this Roflin runneth out of the trees of it owne accord, andefpeciaily as Mattbiolus and Lngdunenfis fay,out ofthe Cermolo or Teda t as being the Iwceteft, and falling upon the ground, is gathered from thence with what drofle it hath gathered into it in the fpreading, and fo put up with whatlocver Uickech to thebarkes of the trees likewife, whereby it becommeth fo foule as we have ir, and therefore had neecie to be melted and drained before it beufed, and then will grow hard and fit to be ufed, there is a kinde of dry Roflin alio gathered from the nuts or apples called Refina Strobilina, which (palen maketh the chiefeft and bell of all other Roflins, although Biofcondes maketh it the iaft and word. It yeeldeth no other liquid Roflin that I can learne *. buc from it and the forts thereof, before it tame into Ted* as after,buc efpecially then, as having moft (tore of pitchy matter in it, is made the beft pitch and moft (lore, and is made in Europe % where the trees grow, lome what after the manner of making charcoalcs with us; For having prepared a place for the purpqfc, paved in the middle,and railed up alfo a litde, with a trench round about it,for the pitch to runne into, they pile up the ftickes and cloven wood, letting them upright to a fufficient heighth and breadth, this pile or heape they cover with the branches of the tree, plathed dole together, and very well limed or lomed on the outfide.quiceall over, that no chinkebe therein, for if any happen it muft be prefently (topped with lome, that no flame or fume paffc out thereat,for fcare oflooflng all, and onely one hole left below, where the fire is to be kindled,which alio muft be flopped up after the fire is well kindled, and that the liquour beginnethto runne in¬ to the trench, which muft have feverall gutters from it to be led from thence into others fit to receive the pitch as it runneth out: the Tarre and water with it runneth firft out, which is kept together, and the pitch that com- tncthoutafterbyitfelfe, and then barrells are filled up with them feverally: the thinner liquour is called fix liquid* in Lacine,and to-gsTn Greeke, and when it is boylcd againe and made harder triosa. Zn&smd mMporiam Tix aridavelficcxy and recotta t but the Pijfa/pbaltum is a bituminous or hard pitch, taken out of the earth, and was ufed to be melted with Tarre to temper ir,and make it (erviceable for fliips. The Vertues whereof being not fpecified before, fhall be (hewed hereafter in the end of the Chapter. $. Refinance*. The pitch tree Roflin. The pitch tree likewife thrufteth forth a whitifh Roflin gathered betweene the barke and the tree, and bTcaking 154 2 Chap, 97. T heatrum Botantcum . Tribe 16. ouc into drops,fo like unto Thus or Ohbanum, thac many did counterfeit it there with,as G^len faith lib t 2 , decomp, rued, fecund generic.?.. and/i£.3.c. 2. who callethit^wWpto^ Pice£ bulla, and this peradventuremay be that Roflin of the pitch tree, made in Aft*, and called there Sphagas as Pliny faith, who alfo in another place faith hereof,that the pitch tree giveth a greac dcale of Roflin fo like unto Thu, that being mingled together, they can fcarfe be dilcerned to be feverall: this Roflin alfo is ufed to be mixed with the pine tree Roflin before lpo- ken of, which is likely to be Galen his j, and with them the Refina firobilina mixed all together : cut of this tree like wife being wounded as in other trees for that purpofe, is drawne forth a liquid Roflin,like unto thac of the Firre tree, called by Pliny fix Brutiaps l take ic, which is redder then the ordinary Roflin, and perad- venture may be alfo the Colophony of the ancients, which was like Reftnafricla, and brought from Colophony , but more tenacions.as betvvtene Roflin and pitch, which 1 take to be that which is ulually called with us now adayes Hurgony pitch, which while it is frefh is fomewhat foft in working, and fharpe in lent, but afterward grow¬ ing as dry as a dry Roflin, thac wi'.l eafily be made into pouther. Of the wood and ftickes hereof as of ihe pine, either together or leparate is made pitch,as is before liiewed. 6 . Refina osdbiegna, The Firre tree Roflin or Turpintine. Some doe fay that there is gathered from the Firre tree, a dry kinde of Roflin pafling ouc thereof voluntarily as is before laid of the pine and pitch trees, and put altogether to make cur common Francumfence, which how true or falfe it is, I cannot either maintains or difprove,the knowledge of many Inch things, although of daily u(e is not eafily a:tained,by them that dwell farre from the natural l places of their growing. From this firre tree be¬ ing bored co the heart,as is done in ocher the like, and lome lay out of the pitch tree as well, iflueth forth in the younger treesacleere yellow ifh Turpintine or thinne Roflin, but from the elder fomewhac thicker, which be¬ ing puc into great cau drons is boyied with a double quantity of water, but I thinkc twice double will not lerve, fo long even two or three dayes continually night and day, untill it become fo throughly boyied and dryed, that it will not yet Id to a thruft, when it is cold ; but will be hard and dry, and then is called yellow Roflin, and being molten a new is call into greac cakes, of an hundred weight a peece more or Idle, and according as the Turpin¬ tine is in clearenelfe and goodnefle lo will the Roflin be, and this is the fnrim fpcfcm 0 f the Grecians, and Refina fiitta of the Latines. 7, Re(ina Cuprcffin a, The Roflin of the Cypreffc tree. There is fome imes found on this tree, a certaine kinde of dry Roflin, bntfolicde that we have little know¬ ledge thereof, and lefleule/Dio/wriVfe/ and Pliny doe both make mention of a liquid Roflin, to.be taken ouc of ic as cut of the Turpintine tice Larch tree and others. 8. From the Savir.e trees likewife cf both forts, in the hot Countries is taken a dry Roflin. 9. Fro n the Cedrut Lycia i the Cyprefic like Cedars of both forts,is taken fuch like dry Roflins 39 from the Oxy» cedrtu in fmall pceces falling to poucher in the chewing like unto it. 1 o From the Arbor vitx lometimes is taken a dry Roflin in fmall pecccs and fmall quantity. 11. From the Arbor Thurifera is gathered the Thw or Olibanum , but what the tree is from whence ic was ta¬ ken we know not, nor they that have made mention of it, for fomefay one thing and feme another, fothacl dare fay no more of it here,but in the next Claflis. 1 2. Of the dry or liquid Roflins taken from the Lentiske or Mafticke tree, from the Balfamum or Balmc tree, from the Sty rax or Scorax tree,and from the Turpintine tree, 1 have ipoken fnfficiently before, faving onely rhac J would give you furcher to underftand that in Syria, and the parts neere thereunto they make pitch of the Tur¬ pintine in the fame manner as they doc of the Cedar, befidcs the deerc true Turpintine that is drawne forth by p ierling the tree,as in other Roflin bearing trees. The Vertues of Rojfin and Fitch, Roflin in generall as Galen faith, that is of all forts, is hot and dry, but they differ much one from another, in being more or lefle fliarpe and hot, and of thin parts: the S trobohna,thitisi the Roflin taken from the nuts of the pines is the hotteft, and thac from the Turpintine tree the tnoft temperate, the dry white Roflin of the pirch tree is hot and dry, but yet is not fo drying as the Strobolina , although more heating: that of the Firre tree is as a meane betweene them both, even as chat Colophony, which fmclleth and is like Thus or Olibanum is temperate likewife, themoifteftof them dl is that other lore of the Larch tree Roflin, which is the {harper, of the ftronger fenr,and more bitter tafte : The huile deCade or (linking Tarre, comnr.ing from the Oxyccdrtu or prickely Cedar when ic is burned, healeth all lcabbes and itchinmanorbeaft, and other deformityes m the skin, as the Lepry morphew and the like,and pei formeth in a manner whatfoever the Cedria it fclfe can d this, that all Roffins although I.quid(fome foo.iei or later then o.h-rs )vviii be drvprf eirtiT/^begte^etefarer ^hot°y d^lveth 1 whh* waKr'apd'biunHM^ . . , t. Gummi Arabicum. Gamine Arabecke =S too,and not falling off or upon the ground,is fo gathered and referved. §lV ‘" S “ ^ tonh ’ whlchftlck ">S ru Pr,, " orum Cerafimm, Plumme tret and Cherry tree Gumme loutieach^Jthem^ffiato^tte Plomme^tree for^he^moftM« , b*i C ^ >t former, being of feverall co- the CherryTree^white! c ' a,nm r c ^ cn former,and vary,dome ofthe plumme^ee's r »ndo( *543 g f Gummi Tbeatrum ‘Botamcum. 154.4 Chap.98. 1 RIB E l6’ Gr.mm Amyidalaram & Perficoram. Almond and Peach tree Gnmrnes. Both thefe trees likewifeyeeld Gummes very like unto the Plummc and Chetry tree, that it is fomewhac hard to diflinpuiflr them, but that they are fomewhat whiter and a little dryer. Thus having (hewed you all the Gummesof thcTrecs chat are knowne tous, let me in the next place (hew you theother lorts of Gums, taken for the mod part from the rootes of Herbes and plants. 4. Grim Tragacantha, Gum Tragacanth. This Gumme as I have (hewed before in (peaking ofthe plant called Goates thorne is taken from the rootes hereof astheygrow, 1 pit being made round about the roote,which will in the greateft heate of Summer, be¬ ing deepely wounded, thiulf forth very (lender fmall peeces, crooked or writhed, fcldome greater then a ragges point, or ones fingers end, and mod ufually a great deale (mailer; fome very pure white, and others a little yel- lowilh, and (ome more reddiflt, much of it gathering droffe, which fticketh falf unto cither barke or Hones, or earth, ortheiike: theguminc itfelfeis lweetifhin tafte, and quickcly relenting in water intoagelly, hke made (larch,and glewing things together as firme as (larch or glew, in (mall and thin materials. The properties hereof are declared with the plant. 5. Opopanax. The Gumme Opopanax. This gumme taken from Panax, the Allheale of Hercules is a yellow gumme, very browne on the outfide and yellow within being broken,the bed is pu e or fincere,that is, not mixed with ftickes or droffe, but cleane gum, and in fmall drops.yet flicking fad togethcr.ofa fowrifh lent, and fomewhat firong, and being diffolved with wine or vinegar, will make it looks yellow, even as the herbe it felfc, being broken will yecld ayellowfapor Juyce inourowneLand: from the rootes chiefly and not fromthedalkcsis this gumme taken, inthelikernan- r e as I (hewed you of the gumme tragacanth by digging a hole round about the roote,and laying boordes or tyles or the like, round about and in che bottoms to keepe the gumme cleane, from earth, dones, or any other thing that might foule it,falling among it after the roote is cutin threeorfoure places, aslomedoe, or making ahole or two therein as others doe, whereunto the gumme will be drawne,and from thence flow fortlvlr. the Claflts of Vmfcelliferous plants ate the Vertues exprefled whereunto I reterre you. 6 . Gaibanum. The GumGalbanum, The great Feralaot Fennel! giant of one fort, is the plant from whence this gumme is taken, and that notin ev.ry Country for that onely which grows t'n in Syrians Diefcoridi faith yecldeth Galbanum, the rootes being wounded inti e fame manner as is before laid ofth e f m.v: th: gumme (mellcih ftrongeft of any ofthe Fera- laccmv gummes, and is if it be fincerc a little ycllowiflt, with white peeces amongfl it, and clivers parts of dickes crftalkesbrok'namongit, and fometimes the feedes alfo, fo clammy and tenacious that one can hardlytouth it without cleaving to their finger;,and diffolving onely with wine or vinegar. 7. Sngapmim. The Gum Sagapen. As Syria bringtth forth the Praia, from whence Galbanam is taken, fo is Media the ncurfe plot, as Dio/icri - dei faith, where the fame or another Tcrx/xgroweth, from whence the gumme Sagapenum or Serapir.am ista- ktn in the fame manner that the former is, and doth not much differ from it,.but that it is not fo clammy, or gum¬ my. but dryer, and ofa redder colour, and Imelleth not halfe (odrongor dinking as it doth: The Vertues both of Galbanum and Sagapenum , are amply let forth under the title of Ferula. 8. GumiAmmmiacum. The (Sum Ammoniacum, Thisgummelikewife is take 1 from a-Frrx/x as it is laid, growing in Gyrene of Africa, fothat you fee the di- v-rlityi f the climate,although in one and the fame plant produceth diverfitics of gums, differing both in forme andoperation : this gumme is much whiter then any of the three lad mentioned, pure and fincere without any flickeorddke in it, and with many whiter peeces among it, and not duelling any thing io mmh asthc Sag.:, pet Mm doth, which alfobeingdiflolved, will be whiter then any of the former. The properties of this Gmn is very like unto the two lad ofthe FeruloM gums,and thereunto you may referre it. 9. Euphmbium. The gum ofthe burning thorny plant. This gum is taken from the thorny plant Euphorbium, as we have beenc alwayes informed from others, and not from any kind of Feral- u i plant, as Diofcerides fa.th, the forme of which plant, as it hath come from beyond the Sea unto us, even a fmall plant, we have here before exhibited unto you, the gum is of a browne ycUowiftt colour, and fomewhat whiter within, in almotl as fmall graines and drops as Madicke.of a mod violent burning hot piercing fent, piercing the ncftrils it it be but a little dined, but much more and allmod intolerable to him that fhall beate it, and more to them that fhall take it inwardly, the properties hereof are declared with the de¬ fer iptionof theptant. 10. Sarcocolla. Sarcocoll. T h s is a fmall reddifit and whitilh gum.in very (mail peeces and pouther, little bigger then Poppy feed, fome. What bitter in tade, and ready to provoke ceding, but of no fent almoft at all, ‘Diefimdcs faith it is taken froma tree in Terfia, which neither he deferibeth, nor we have any further knowledge of, itdenfeth and dryeth, it clolcthupgreene wounds,and ftayeth catatihes,defluxions andredneffe in the eyes. it. GamHcderx, Gumoflvy. The gum that is gathered in the hot Couutryes from the flctr.s and greater branches of the Ivy tt ee is of a very da rke rt d or browne colour, comming to us in (mall drops,cleaving fad together in iumpes, a little dears, and of 1 jnicwhat a drong lent, but vet y flierpe and burning: it killeth nits and fice, and fome doe put it into a hollow t oo.h tc r cl pc t e ach, being mixed with things convenient for it: fome life this gumme with other things, and fome alone; made up with a little hony and crummes of breacf into apafle, and cad it into Handing pooles and ponds of fi(h to make them mi ne up their bellies and lye as dead above the water for a fmall time, that they may be taken, which will returne to their fenfes againe, 12. Scammomunt. Scammony. I have made a long narration hereof in the fecond Claflisof this Work,whereunto I mud referre you, and one. ly (hew you here that the generall vote ofthe Writers thereof, isthatihe /uyee hereof is taken from the rootes of tile plant, ordered in the fame manner that is diewed in gathering the gummes of Panax and Ferula, &c, but I am halfe pei Iwaued it is other wife, and made in another manlier, becaule it doth not condenfate into graines or Tr I B E 16 , The Theater of'Plants. Char 99. 15. f L pc r e £ as afore J fa,d > but ls mide lnt0 a whole Uniforme lumpe or made, ofa darke grayiffi colour, n ,tl 'f t ft andnoc P J °" d<:r ous,» 1 itt | e(pongy alfo.or with fome holes in it, fomewhat clears and not muddy ° f a ft ™S e and flrpng tafte.almoft procuring cailing.and giving a firew ofmilke upon die moiftenine ^IfeUt °argc7n7he^ ° r tbroate > por cbat * s 1 °f adulcering: The qualities are ex? 13- Aloes. Aloefuccotrine. thJw^ol?™ Hol,fc,cek "’ 1 have likewife largely entreated of in the Raid (econd Claffis before, with man , n f ° f dewing out and preparing the jnyce, whercunco I mud referre you,fo to have a cautoiopie or repetition of the fame things againejwhich were too tedions, ^ , . 14- Opium. Opium. Thisalfo with all that can belong thereunto,! have e. preffed in the Chapter of Poppy before, and cannot addc unco it any thing, more then is there fet downe with the Vertucs and Cautions,in as ample manner as I can. . „ . IJ. Elaterium. Elateriitm . kinp 1 * * nfrhe«fr e " y °? the d / rCr T ti0 u n 0( the wilJ ^?Wcumber,in the fecond Claffis before, I declared the ma- and g thLefofe r 0f h W0 f ° rC c b ° th 8 reei,e a ' ld wblte > as ma X be Efficiently gathered from what is there Raid, arealfo expreflid ^‘° ^ m ° re thercofln tbls Plaec,refc„ing you thereunto, where the properties Chap. X£IX. Palma. The Date tree, thcrc . be divers kindes of trees thatgoe under the name ot‘T’alma in Latine, whereof P/mrm his ttme mentioned three fcore and one, andfincehis time many others not knowne to him have btene fieverthe°dfnarlwh h “ k ‘r ° f D “ e ! rCe S ropCrly ‘° t0 be cilkd without va ’ rict y> how- ioever the climate where they grow, feeme to make a diverfity, of greacneffe or goodneffe one from another in the frmte, fuch as XbeofbrafiiK and Pliny reckon, and although againe, for wanf of a fitte?“S name, as the former Writers have thought, they have becne called Date trees generally : yet I would if I could avoid that improper name, and rather call them Palmes for the diff.nftion of them: I will therefore in this dale give you ouely the defcription of the true Date tree, and thereto adjoyne two other called Palmitos which n lirrlr ? oe .a cc °u nt low or Wilde Date trees; when in truth they have little or no refemMance hereunto, 'faving'a little in the leaves, and fpeake of fuch other Palmes, as have come to our knowledge,in the next Claffis. ^ >■ Palmavulgarit. The ordinary Date tiee. ° The Date tree ufua.ly groweth very great and tall, yet in fome places nothing fohighasin others bare of branches unto the toppe, the barke whereof is not fo well to be Raid fcaly or rug°ed, as knag "v having ffinrr knagges which are the ends of the middle ribbes of the leaves, (ticking out round about the boL which ^ive an eafie footm 0 like Heps,to climbeor get up into the toppes of the trees to gather the fi nite,the leaves that tlow at the toppe are very longand large, made as it were of divers parts, and foulded together double- the middle rib f n . g ! hl . cke a . nd a , mo ' t w° ot %. but fpongy within, which doe al wayes abide grecne, and hang downewards with cheir endsthe flowers arc endoied in a long skinny (heath, hanging downe from the lower branches of leaves and fomccimes higher, which opening it felfe at the end into two parts, ffi-vv forth a number of whit e Saftfon-like (mail flowers, hanging by fmall threds in great bunches cogethe ; after which come the fruite uDon the laid chreddy footeftalkes, greeneatthefirff, andreddiih when they are ripe, with a hard firme imal’l font? and round whitifh (tone with a furrow in the middle : home forts arc final!,and fome great, fome of aTo fuh S fiance home firmer and harder fome wh.tlfh.lome yellowifh.or reddifir,or blackiffi, lome round hke an Annie It rh °"t-u K, \ t L e ,0U ? dntfl4 >, f "™L havin S «* t ,ppe Toft, and fome none at all, t at they will not keepe long, nn.tfTc they be prefled into cakes to be kept, others will abide whole for a lnm* time, and fit to befent alfo into any f.-rre Country: yet all of them having a fmall round hard crotvneor can at th! head, which with rubbing one agaiufl another fallcth off: the flones within the fruite, notwithflandinn tbar they atc o iollid and hrme as a very (lone,and can hardly be broken with an hammer, yet having a final! hollow place in the middle of them, with fo final a kernell therein, that it would not be thouphttofpfinoZebvv7t being put whole into the ground hath (hot forth long narrow hard leaves, and have warme place divers ycarcs, without any great progrefle, fo little it liketh fo cold a climate a “nvement 2, Palma humilii jive Chamxriphes vel Palmites. n , , 7*15 w *^ c 0 : ^w Dare tree called the Palmitowtti ptniic.Ke [0 ,, : j iVVcf'If'™ lifb;°- Hertithohe, Chiidott, re Tirtoulh he, ,nd jreletved 10 rich mens tables for aVtlbtc of g^eitefclllht el> . . V P^^Cbitmeropi Phr.ijJive Cbammfbesjp'imfisfo/i/r, The Thorny Pelmuo ° ’ This grow eilim a manner wholly like the lafi, but the leaves being made as it were^f m i, a ,• , many fiiarpe and ffiort prickes or thorncs, on the backe of them and^hc fialkes nf ,he° f Tu V P c teS bavC differeth from the other, whether the heads and fruite : be alik^I cannot cmainely^ heare. 1 ^ CWlPe ’ whereby,t The Place and 7 ime, , J bc " 1an “ red Date 1tree groweth in all the Eaflerne Countries generally, Galen and Pliny with others dedthofe efpecially above other s, that grew in ludsa, and inthevalley of Uieneho: BeZZf^h X Pe"' ved not commendations, neither were they ripe about hmfalem, above a moneth ffter h v h V ^ red in Eg/pt: they grow alfo in lutj where they arc planted but beare no frffite^dndf^T^Zf^th^SeTfide" : I B e ''fbe '£ beater of Tl-mts. la t I GO, the . . The Names. in Latine M-, and the fruice p v/- ./, ^ „V- \ th =^«th°r skin which enclofcth the flowers, is called *’*6* EU,,wA «&» , rH , nmp onekindeof Date is called PalmaElate • the b-dHorr^nwAo,, , „ opat.a, and lomethinkc were aKo called «j«, bccaule they were ficteft for the dveful Kmn, “rfl ^ *"? e / J * KIC ° 6 “ / -‘”“’ which hadlitclefubfhnceinthem: the ancient Writers have ferdowne m/ ‘- Jancs were the leane dry D^tes, that female,and that they both bearc fruite,lo that they be within die fiX n n,e h n(? S ° f | UatCS ’ ‘m c . tbere ,s maIe and but I pray you account this amon» the reft ot their fables Theft a ■ d n ?' 1Lr ’ or che they will not bearc, in Latine by ^^ f^T by and the vulgar in Italy,St Jr, &c. the Greekesalfo « h c- y C ?*‘‘“ h '° h ’' and P " / ' m ' r '° r /'*W 0 by iT'u ds C fte lio * ! ’ The other is called by L» g i aKt -,fi s ChlmL'^Phri! " Krts,, > *'>d The pertttes. “ ' Ine unripe Dates are very harfli and binding and rherinr alf„ i r n dry, (laying womens courfes.vomictings.andthc laskeof the belly andfhaT I T h'n “T* thC j r V ^ Cn they are of the fundament and piles, being taken in red wine - if hev he „f ft1 ^ aUo ! beb! “ dl "g and a ‘ ! “g downe and roughnefle of the throate, thf fha p^cough ^afon of Ln “Tv* th f y ^ lhcbcarfc "'«= deioflion of them taken, aJayeth the force of ho^ues and ftweth h r * bre ' 11 and lun S s = the and bowels, bccaufe of a flux, and boy led in old hLomel [hac is me le^rh b J °h ‘ * p3 ' neS i" ftomacke frefli the fpirits : ufed likewile in brothes or meates they d oe the like and fo ! w Wate [’ ^ Cakcn d ° th re ‘ being taken too often.or too libe. ally,they breed head achand aieinde ? P 7? ke “ nt0 cn ‘ r y> b « drunkenneffe, and the lepfofte alfo as icisfaid, ihe ftteath outofwh;kh?h P fl b 1°" ^^ bralne > llke unco fo are the leaves alfo in the cafes aforefaid: cDt’ decEthe ftayeth fretting ulcers, and hclpeth the weakenefle and piires in thehsrlft ? .i b ? C j ?' be,n ? of:en u(ed > and the Date Hones being burned and walked lerveth in IS. f t ’p th f bladdl : r > a '! d “ the bowels; into the eyes, and toSonfume the pinne and wSSi them**??“■ J 1 ? Amours cth the faliin® of the hairc from the eyebrovves • heino minni a P P 11 being u fed witbSpik nird^cftay- cut of the (lent, as wennes a^lhch l^e L brin' etl £&'* “ “ d aled - ,c *»y cxcreflcnces leeluary made of Dates, purgeth chollcr and flegme Very cfFcauaIly P fo ft her "b * which is the H- and that from two drammes unto fixe in white winc,o r a^ecoftion of-Sene as fliail'b^th^h^r^ 011 , i '^ advifc * mently given in compound and long agues, and in thofe difeafes rhararrh,-^ J- ke thuLghc hr, ar ' d isconvc- rhe psines of the backe and mother. The head of the • ” w ^TT’ aS Jf the ch ° Ilicke tafte, and is much uied where they grovV to be eaten with a lirrlc p P Lr * s ver y plcafarrandfavcury to the flaskets/ 0 make Br0 °mts to fweepe the houfe,which laft a long time^ of them likew!& thej^make^aB^Tnd Chap. C. Acacia five Sph* tAEyptia. The tho r ne or binding Bean lofcoridc, hath made mention of two forts of Acacia, the one of A,w and rhr c r , king o^ne bjih to be it,, n f othend^nyiirg 1^0^ ftj^th^chferencespf ' B) wl ch many ftemmesif they bendtcuc 54 ^ Chap. ico. Tbeatrum ' Botankttm . T R IBE 1< i. Acaciavz' i five Spir.a tiaca. The t iptunThorne or binding beanctrec. 2. acit Americana far.icfiava. like unto Lentilles, doling or fouldingthcmfelves upon the Sunne fetting, and opening againe after the riling, bavins at the foote ofevery ftalke two long thorne-. let, reddifh at the firft, and white after: the fiifl flowers conv fjrrh in the beginning of Inly, afterfome fetv leaves have fhot forth from theoldwood, but not in any plenty, yet bring the fruite to ripeneffe after: but in the beginning of Sopumbcr more plentifully, yet without any finite following them: thefe flowers at the firlf arc greene, and like a (mall Strawberry, growing ycllow- ifliafrer, and whitifh within two or t'nccedayes like unto a pill, or flnall round ball, confiding of a floe ky or woolly fubftance, many ofthemfet together, and have mmy fmall threds in the middle with yellow tips, of a very fweete Cent, like untothe fent of Wallflowers, which hold their font long afrerthey are dry: from the middle of the flower come forthdivers coda,yet fometimes but one or two, or three,and forr.etitnes mo 1 c,greene atthefirfl, and blacke when they are ripe, like crooked round homes, while they are greene, ofaveryharfh and binding ta le, but growing ripe they ate Idle aftringent and the huskemore fliarpe, and then doe fcmewhit rcfemblethecodsof Lupines ,but a little crooked, being iialiea foote long, and about an inchthicke, fomewhat round and bunched out,' where the leedes lye, which huskc is very tough when it is dry, wherein are divers hard blacke feedes»like untothofeofthe fweece Beane or Carob tree, thru A chicke together without order, the wood hereof is hard and whitifh, but blacked at the heart, without cither fent or tade : this doth in many things agree with the former, but the -reared difference is in the hnskes with leede, this having many, and cheotncr but three or fonreatthemoft, The like hereunto Label memionethin his Adverfaria,pag,^o 9 . thathefaw with Mifter M-rtem Queene £•'«•!£«&/ Apothecary. a. AcM-iaj/bctuiiU fivejtero DiofcoriJu, Thetruefecond Acacia olDiofiondes, This bufhhuh an upright ftemmc three cubits high or more, covered wirhafmooth fad greene barke, the wood bcins? fob and cafie to breaks, and nor very thickc of long thornes,the leaves are fmall, (landing three tot gether upon the branches, the flowers are fmall and yellow, whole fucceeding feede feated m fmall hnskes, are round,hard flat and yellowifk, fomewhat like to Broome feed : This fhrub feemerh very like to the Afpalathm fecundut of' Diofcorides, but ditferech notably therefrom, in that the AffoUthm is thicker fet with greater whiter andfharper chortles,with fewer and fmaller leaves .flowers,and feede veflels, and the wood thereof is hard, and not eafie to be broken. The Place and Tim;. The firfl groweth in Arabia plentifully in many places, and mount Sinai, and in EgiptoHo, and flowreth and beareth fruixe twiceayeare, whereby wc may well fay.it beareth ever greene leaves: the other came out of the Weft Indies, Aliinm faith his came from Saint ‘Domingo, but from whence that which Matter Morgan Qaeenc b:-x.xbcth her Apothecary had long agoe, as Label fetteth itdowne \n Adverfaria, is not knowne whether it cams from thence or no, the feedes fpringing in Cardinal! Farm fun his Garden in Rom ss it is fee forth by the faid Aldintu in his delcripcion of tome rare Indian plants growing therein, and flowred and bore fruite as it is expreffed in the defcriptton. The lad in Candy and Gracia ,as Pena faith. T>hfcmdes calleth it in Greeke fit, and Acacia in Latine alto, and Thcopbraftw j pi„ x fi m p|y without any other atl/effive,whereof he makethtwo forts as I faid, lf ' hc y ^uldbe'peake the true robe brought, being made there in Egtpt, SS luchas 1 haveleenewith Mailer2>» the Dm >10 u.hirT, 7 C um b , - . ’ I , , , wul Dc rcaai “‘'. lu ™ as I have ieene with Mailer Soxe le t e exfrafl-rh? , h beft ' 0 ^ Ue °* the cods which will be blacke, ford the Apothecaries would them- braunlit h™ f 7 CC r r°! C ? e,n ' - and cor ! dcnlat,: ,£ /«*» , . nifc uniuinorcrnicKc wormes. Inelecondisca by Pena inuhta^nBM™ * S com P ari(on b «weene it and the former Egiptian. . The Vert His. =S;Sr worketh like thcm.^but larre weaker: the/uyee being udd in all fuch difealeVas^ needVbinding^cooh'ng,** and *hcdeflu*io«. of fiahn- moutointo^e eyes^o^llay thra'amTthe'abundance of 0 " oucwaral ^ j. and '; s avadab ! e *. n tIlc defluxions offiot hu- the gout: thegumhathapronerteoh^token nlfnd r Ck to s aild 15 “> uch commended to thole that have, neffe of humours, andtobintkorclofeaptheolnpa^o^t^ 3 ,B ac 1^5° V^HAP,101. __ acc burnt with fire,being ufed with the white of «n egge : it fervethalfo lor Limmers to fatten their colours for Dyers alfo in their Dying,for inke,and many other externall civil! nfes. Certaine other thorny Indian trees,bearing cods. •v-«g«r-. Have certaine Indian Thorny trees to bring to your confideration that oeare cods, whereof forne have btene entitled Acacia, but 1 call Pfcndoacacta : Another very like thereunto, called by our Colony 1 in Virginia,Locw: w hereunto I have ad joyned a third which hath growne with us,and a fourth cal- ) led the Corall iree, and becaufe they are diticrmg much from thole in the former Chapter, 1 have ' thought it fit to make a Chapter of them peculiarly. . I . ‘F ft ndonc acta Americana Robinu Robinw bis falfe Acacia or America. Prranfe 7 acobm Cornnm in his Booke of Canada pbnrs., hath cntitnlcd this tree Acacia , although with little mdvemen/ 1 have given it a place with another Z/< rginia like it, but not withthe true ones as is moil ht. The hndvTfaithhe) is lmooth, covered with a comely lmooth blackifh barke, without any thornes thereon at all, fpr/ad nvthe tmes and branches very farre, which while they ate young are pithy within.bcietw.thmanycr- tll n!arne°thornes, flat at the botromc, ending in a ftnall tharpe point: thelcavesare many let on bothfides ot a middle ribbe from fcven or eight, to tenne or more on a fide, and an odde one at the end, each leafe touk mg it ft Moubfe every evening upon Sunne felting, and opening againe upon the tiling s the flowers are white fomewhat like PeTe blolTomes, or thofe of Cjtifm Tree Trefoile.many let together on a fialke,(landing upright and not hanging downe, (hewing themftlves in rAagajl, after which follow hard rough prickly pods, but I and Others had from Robin m fuch linooth pods as is exprefled in the figure,under the other , in each w encloftd one or two (mall browne LcnriU-like feedes. By this delci.pt.on you may plainely tee how much t diff retb both from tfe true Aetna oi Tito;'corides, and the oth, r American of Aldmm, having nothing thc,ein fc “ c thornM^arfwerabft ; and therefore in my judgement it doth better agree with feme Sparinm^ojam, then A- ,Irut th ^ fill quo fa fir einen (is fpinoft, Locm mftratibiu diRa. The Virginian Locus tree, A verv like tree hereunto hath beene ient and brought us out of Virginia, growing to be a very great tree, nd of anexceedin" height with Maker Trodefcant, whole body is covered with a lmooth barke,the young ra . ches being gtecne,and fet with fomewhat fharpe prickles at every joynt, where the winged leaves come forth. r. A ibor JtliqaoJj y»*inenjitf(>inofa Loan nortratibiudiffa. Tlx Virginia L'xus tree. which arc fet in the like manner with the other, with an oddc one at the end, and fome not, but arc fomtwhat fhorter and rounder: we have not leene the tree to beai cany flowers with us as yec nor fruicc, but the cods that came to us,wcrefmall, long, and fomewhat flat like unto the pods of Laburnum Berne c^efoiie, but longer thin¬ ner and blacker,containing itnall grayifh Aiming flac and round feece. 3. Arbor fpinoja lndica muricatii fitujuii. The prickely codded Indian tree. The feede taken out of the prickly huskes of'a tree ilut was brought From the W elf indie.',,was fowne by Ma¬ iler George Willmcr at StratfordB and rofeup thar yeaie to be three or foure fooce high, branched forth on all fides, and fee with fmall fharpe crooked thornes, both on the maine flemme and branches, having fundry winged leaves fet on them, very much refcmbling the laft Virginian Locus. lean give you no further relation hereof, in that the planrperiflied in the next Winter after rhefirlt fpringing,for want of (ach due keeping as was fit for fuch tender plants, that come out from warmc Countries : T he figure of the pnekely hurke 01 pod, you may fee let on the fide cf the figure,with the grayifli pcafe taken thereout alio,which was as bard as a ftone, with a white kernell within them,yet not fi king in the water. Siliquofa e*r fpinoja trifo/ia lndica Coral arbor ditt a. The Indian Conll tree. Clufuu fir ft, and fince him Baptifta Ferrarim by the fight thereof, growing both 3t Rome and in Spaine, hath en¬ larged the defeription of this tree, which I will contract inro one, and tell it you thus. It riferh up with many flemmes,whofe younger barke is fmooih and grcenc, the elder paler and more rugged, fpreading fairclywith branches,armedwith Imall crooked whitilh thornes,and with lairt broad frefli greenc and almoft round Leaves, like unto thofe of Arbor /udd-Jud^ tree,but that they end in a point, whole foueftalkes alfo as Clufiuj hath ex- prefled, have the like crooked thornes on them, which leaves are three alwayes fet together, thetwolowefl: oppofite on Chore footcftalkes,the end one on a longer: the flowers are Peafe fafhion, or like thofe of Phafeolus the Kidney Btanc, of an orient red colour like Corall, of which colour alfo arc the Beanes or fruite in pods, like unto other Pbafeoli ; it is very tender to keepe,not abiding the lead cold aire, for as Clu/iue fecteth it downe Sip- niordc T^rjthechicfeft Thyliiian of Sevill in Spaine in his time, having two trees hereof growing, u hich by one Winters overfharpenefle had them both^poyled therewith. I have not altered the name hereof, whereby it is generally knowne, l ut if I might adopt one,as I thinke more fitting thereunto, I would entitle it Phafeolus arborcui fpinofw Indicw fiore coraUino , >-■« •' The Place and Time . All thefe foure forts came from the feverall part of America , but we cannot tell you where diflinffly, for the two laft,' but the firfl. it is likely catre from Canada, the French plantation, and the lecond from Virginia*. The flowring and feeding is likely to be at the time of other trees at the Spring and Fall. The fvfer iffeis Mil!. y fi M-s ’"Iv 1 551 Ch AP.I02. Theatrum ' Botanicnm . Tr ib e 16 . The Names , The firft as I faid ConttfUs callcth Acacia Americana, iiich a glorious title doth he let upon (o unbefeeming a. Plant, I have put Robinwi name thereto, becaufe it is generally called Acacia Robtm. The fecond is called Locus by our Nation refident in Virginia, The third came to us without name, but it is likely to be th of Pom in his Italian Valdai, which he referreth to Clufi** hishtft ftrange fruitem the 30. Chapter of his fe¬ cond Booke of Exotickes, as all'o to the (Ml in the 15.Chapter of his third Booke. The fourth was firft fet forth by CtuSm in his Appendix to hisHiltory ofPlants, lent him by Tovar otitolSpane andenlargeth the defenp- tion thereof, efpecially of the flowers in his fecond Appendix: Baptifia Terra ™ inhisf/er^or defiornm cltara letteth it forth bravely, but without flowers; as having not as then fheu ed them. The Venues. None ofthefe have beene tryed to what gnefe or difeafe they ate a remedy, but onely the third, which if it be rp 0M his Bniach, as I am cert'ainely perlwaded it is, then he faith,thefe particulars aie attributed unto it to en¬ noble it • The Emtiars in Alexandria account it the guardian of their children, m tying it about their neckes, to defend them from all evill chances; to preferve one from the venome of the Scorpion, to hclpe the Megrime by taking fome of the pouther into the no!e, and the torture or writhing of the mouth, is available alfo againlt the falling fickcneffe, by taking the quantity of two Pepper comes at a time : the quantity of a Cich Pcafe taken in Wine helpeth the chollickc and the quartaine ague, is a remedy for any poyfon, which faith he I have not yet tryed : the fruite faith he was lent fro:" ConJIantimple^nA thefe Vcrtues affirmed to be in it, and there elleeme itofgteatwoith. Chap. C 11 . GrJJlpium. The Cotton tree or plant. * 1 Have fourc forts of Cotton trees or plants to (hew you that have come to our knowledge, or that we can be allured of, although Baabiam faith there is one with a white feede, which is his firft, ' whereof I never heard or read, and is likely to be miftaken, for all thofc Authours that he doth cite | for it, doe all intend the annuall Cotton,whole leed is in lumpcs,and blacke. 1 I. Goffipittm arborettm. The tree of fine Cotton. This Cotton rifeth up with a wooddy ftcmme.to be nine or ten cubits high, (preading wooddy branches, and many broad gteene leaves on them, parted on the edges into three or fivedivifions, fomewhat like a Vine Icafe, but fotier and whiter, at theendsofthel'mallerfpriggescoir.e forth.theflowers, two or three aca place, but i. Gtftpiuin arboreum. 1 lie tree ot tine Cuu< n. 2. Goflipiunifrutcfcens an mum. The buflior Luinpc Coicou. each each upon a (lender footcftalke.fet in abroad huske of two leaves, very much jagged at the toppes, and contai¬ ning therein a large yellowifh flower, fomewhat like a bell flower, broad above and (mall at the totrome, par¬ ted to the bottome into five very thinne leaves, with a ftiffe reddilh middle paintell, compatTed with five o’r fixe yellow threds, which is thruflof by the fruite.rifing under it,and growing to bee a (mall tound head or ball, co¬ vered withahardskinne, which opening when it is ripe, (heweth forth a lumpeof pure white wool!, having divers fmallblackifhfcede.of the bigneffe of Pepper comes, butnor to round, lying difpcrfcdly through the ltttnpe.and fingly but one in a place, with a fweet whitifla kernell within them, the rooce ddperletli under "round and abideth, not perilhing nor lofing the branches as the next doth. 2. GoJ]ipitmfrftte[cens annum. 1 he bufh of lump: Cotton. This Cotton is yearely fowne, even in the warmed Councryes of AJiamimr, and within foure monethes or little more is gathered againe from the fowing,(hooting an upright ftemme, nothing fo wooddy or great as the former, bntbrancheth forth divers wayes, fet with large and broad foft leaves,like the former,and parted alike, the flowers alfo Hand in the like manner, and yellow, with purple botcomes, with huskesoffine leaves under them, after which commeth the fruite like it,but let in a Ihorter,(mailer,thicker,and harder rough blackfill huske parted inro three cells, with whitifla hard fhining skinny or wooddy partitions on the infide, containing each of them a round ball of fine white Cotton, with a lumpe or bunch of greater blacke feedes by the halfe, in the mid¬ dle, (licking clofe together in two rowes, with whire (wcete kerndls within them: The roote as I faid is an- ruall, and periflaing as foone as it hath pet fefted the ieede. a. Gojppium IndicHm(pinofum. Thorny Indian Cotton. This kinde of Cotton hath a (lemme about three cubits high, fet with fmallprickes, and having manyfaire broad leaves fet thereon upon long footeftalkes, dividedinto (even parts, fomewhat like thofeof Stravifacre, the flowers are hke to Bell flowers with five comers, the Cotton is very fine, and the feedes are fomewhat like the Thorny Mallow. 4 . Gojppinm lavanenfe longifolMm, The long leafed Cotton of lava. This as ClttfiM relateth it from Fravcifcm Rtaorigua, native of Beugalt, groweth on a great high tree, with many farre fpread armes and boughes, and (lorcd with long and narrow leaves, neerer refembling Rofemary then Willow leaves, but that they are much longer, whole finite was like a long pod of fixe inches long, and five in compaffe, growing great from the llalke upwards, opening and ending in five pointed parts, whole skinny barke was ofanafh colour, and rugged,but full of moU pure white foft wooll, and divers blacke round feedes within.not involved with the Cotton like the reft, but growing by themfelves upon fine long wooddy partitions.extended all the length of the cod.- the wooll or Cotton was (horter then of the other, and not fit to be fpunne into thred to make ck>atb,for the Natives ufe it not to that purpofe, but put it to another ule,namely to ftuffe culhions and the like,being fofeer then any wooll,cotton, or feathers. rht fliS-T Mir im". .1 1554 Cwap.io^ beatrum ' Botanicum , T R I B K 16, 7 “/&r P /dev? and Time. The firfl groweth not naturaTy in all the lelfer Afia, but as Alpintu and Bclloniui and others fay in the greater Afa } and Indit t,and BraffilliWoyind Americana brought into Sgipt and other Chriftian Countries,bat as a rarity: The fecond hath for many ycares beenc planted in the feverall Countries of Afia minor , Phrigia 1 Cilicia ) and other the parts thereabouts, and in Apulia alfo,and in many of the Ifles in the Mediterranean Sea, and fowne not un¬ till the end of Apnll f and gathered againe in the end of zyitsgujl or in September ,the third came out of India like# wife, and the lali from about Bantam m Iava t the former lore ripening the fruite feme what ^more early then the other. The Names. It is called in Greeke and yew'™*, and lo hkewile in Latinc, Xylum and GoJJipium , and of Serapio Coto , and Bombaxy as it is loalfo called in the Apothecaries fboppes; Some doe thinke and that not without good ground ofreafon; that the Byjfw of the Auncicnts, is thisfirfl Cotton, frofn whence was made xhcByJfna tela , the fine white Callicocloath.that comtneth out of the EalUndies: All Authours call them in generall Xylum or Gofppit*m 9 and the firfl Cjoffipium arborenm by Alpinus t and by the Egiptians as he faitb 3 then that oi'ClufiM in his Exotickes brought out of Java and fitted for cufhions,and Cjojfpium perenr.e arborenm five Afiaticumpnd Brafliantimby othcrs.The fecond is cal¬ led Grjjipium herba, to ciiftinguifh it from the former, Bauhinus calleth it Goffpium frutefeens femine a/bo for fure he can meane no other fort,citing thofe Authours that he doth,who all I think lay it is black.The third is extant only in Pona his Italian Baldus by the name of Bombage Indiana , that is Gojfpium Indie urn. Bauhir.m calleth it Goffpium arborenm c&ulc fpinofo^nd laith the leede is in lumpes like the ordinary fort, when as /Wrliimfelfc faith it is like the fcecle of Subdarifa , that is, the thorny Mallow, and piclureth the feede like thereunto,at the fide of the figure, and is not like the lumpe fort. The lalt Clujius mentioneth in the loureteenth k haptcrof hisfirll Bookeof Exo¬ tickes, calling it Arbor lanifera peregrina, Bauhinm that he might fay iomewhat, referreth it to the CyU of Ovirdus ,and i.ucOioncth whether it be not Bellomiu his Lanigera arbor> calling it himfelfe (jrJJjpium Iavanenfefa- llcii folio. The Arabian Sci apio as you heard, calleth it Coto , and Bombax , and others Algodon , as the Spania ds doc ; the Italians Bombagi .*,thc French Cotor.e^ke Germans Baitrmvool^ th cT)ntch and we Cotton, and Cotton wooll. . . . ThsVertnes . The kcrncllsofthe eeefosisufod toleneficthe hoarfentfleoftbe throatc,and to helpe thofe that are fhortvvin- dedjto open the paffiige^and for thofe that have fharpe dilti 11 icions on their lungs, and for coughes to make the flegme the ealicr robe cxpesTorated.and encrcafcth Iperme alfo : itis ufed alfoin gripings,a;.d gnawings of the fiomacke, ) ca though they come by poylcn, and arc good alfo in all hot agues , the Cotton it felfe is hot and dry, and being burned (iantheth bleedings in wounds wonderfully: chcoyle drawne cut of the feed doth fmooth theskin, andtaketh away fpots and blemifhes therein. Chap. C 111. Arbo’ludt. Judas tree. Arbor lucU . It*das tree: opfF the Judas tree there hath becnc ob- fer. ed two forts, one with enmfon, and the other with white flowers. i. A bor lnd£ fiorr purpurea , _ Judas tree with crimfon flowers. Tuis lnd.it cree rifeth up lomedmes to.be htgh,ar.d of a good f zc, and fometimes to be but as an hedge bufh,fprcadingarm.esand brant fos, covered with a blackifh tedbarkr, the leaves that come forth up¬ on the ycung reddifh branches one at a place, are large and round, greater, but thinner then the leaves of Afarctbacc* jqA a wh tifh greene colour on theup- per fide, and grayilh underneath, falling away in Antumne : the flowers grow not at Tie ends of the branches, but at the joyncs, and fometimes out of the very body, many Handing together upon a long footelhlke, of fafhion fomewhae likeun- to Peale bloflbmc-, of an excellent dtepe crim- lon colour, afeer which follow fundry long fiat and large thinne cods, of a reddifli browne colour, with fiat blackifh browne hard feeds within them: the roote groweth deepe snd fpreadeth farre. f . Of this foi t there is one growing in Virginia , not dif¬ fering fiom it in any thing,that I can as yet perceive. 2 . Arbor Ink* (lure alba, Judas tree with white flowers. This other groweth as greet as the former, but with a whiter bvIce, and thcbranches greene, the leaves and flowers are like for forme, but of a white eclojr,and the cods after them; nothing fo browne as in the formcr,and the feed likewife paler. T RIBS 1 6 . The Theater of‘Plants. Chaf.ich. The ‘Place and Time* Thefe kindes grow in Narbone and Provence in France, and in Spain and Italy in many places: the flowers generally appeare before tne leaves breake forth, yet bringeth not the cods to maturity in our Country, vet we have had them growne large and very reddifh.but contained not any ripe feed within them. The Names* It is not certainely knownc that either Diofcorides or Theofrafiu r, have made mention of this tree in all thei- Workes, for although fome have taken it to be that Coljuao t TheophraJIUs, which he mentioneth in his third Bookc and fourteenth Chapter, but unto this he attributed a leafe like unto Willow which this is utterly unlike, others agamc, that is, thole of cMampelier as Clufim faith,unto that Gohtea 0 f Ida that Theophrattu, mentioneth m the feventeenth Chapter of the laid third Booke, whereuntohe attributeth the leafe of the la/ ger leafed Bay tree,but larger,rounder, and fomewhac like the Elme leale, yet lomewhat long with all, green- above and whitifh underneath,and whereunto faith he in the fourteenth Chapter of the faid third Booke attributeth cods, the defcriptions of both which faith he, being contrafled into one, agree well unto this Arbor Imia-. but by Clufiuo his leave, this cannot hang together ; for although they in both thole Chapters, that is the 14.and 17. are called Coljtaa ; yet they are plamely dillinguilhed by Theophraflm both in their leaves, the' one like a Willow,the other like a Bay leale, but rounder; and alfo in their fruitc, that wi'h the Willow leale hath cods faith Thtephrajhn like unto Pulfcs: but that with broad Bay leaves, hath a C hachrjs or as Gaza tranflateth it, and is laid to be without flower or fruite, andbelides hath yellow rootes: fo that you may lee plamely both thofe cannot be contraded to make one plant, their leaves bein'’ declared to be fo divers ■ Some therefore would referre this tree unto the Ccrcit Theophrafti mentioned in two places the one in the faid foureteenth Chapter ofhis third Booke, where he faith it is like the white Poplar tree both in greatnefle and wbitenefle of branches with the leafe of Ivy,&c. which Cl. fi :! thinketh is but an ample description of the third kmde ol Poplar called Lybica the Afpen tree (which Gaza cranflated Alpina) the oth-rpl ce is in the firll Booke and 18 Chapter.whcre he reckoneth Cords to be one of thofe trees thatbeareth fruite or feedcsin cods as ColMea of l,para doth,fo that you fee m this Chifim was alfo miftaken, as JlUnhiiltu was alfo before him • but indeed this defcnption of fn-orcommeth neereft unto this Arbor lade, of any other tree that hath becne likened unto it. Some have called this tree in Latine F<%>,fromthelikentire of the cods unto Beane cod-, and fomc tobe Laburnum or fome kmde thereof; but the moll currant name is Arbor hide, yetClrfui calleih it Siliaua JjMru, not as he faith, becaufe it doth agree with the Siliqua of the Auncients, but becaufe the Spaniards cal- ed it Algnrovo Loco which is as much as SiliqtufMm, and thole of Cafiile Arbo/d amor the French call it Gammer becaufe the cods are like kmve flieathes, we have no other Englijh name to call it by, then ludat tree untill lome other can impofe a more apt for it. It is judged by many that Mmhiot„ his firft Acacia , in his former edi¬ tions, was but a counterfeit figure of this ArtbAUda, whereunto he caufed thornes to be put to make it feeme the more probable. r The Virtues. There is no remembrance of any Phyficall property appropriate hereunto either by ancient or moderne Wri¬ ters,nor hath any later experience found out any i buc from Virginia ,we heare they account the flowers to be an excellent fallat ingredient. Ch ap. CIV. Vi tit. The Vine. Here is a wondrous great variety of Vines that are manured, as I have (hewed elfe where in my for¬ mer booke,lome there ate that grow wild, which (hall be declared in this Chapter with a recital! of lome of the choyfefl: of the other. , ’• VituVinifera. The manured Vine: 5rm » ‘J“ manuredV| f>ein places where it hath flood long, hath a great flemme as bigge as one3 irullbe' foflafoS frn Pre Ml" S \ vlchout = nd cr ^.cafurc if it be fuffered, many (lender wcake branches, that £ h r u '“' S doW ? c > thc y ° un 3 beiD S rcd > andtheoldofadaike colour, with a pith in ih- middle, at the fondry joynts whereof, grow feverall large broad greene leaves, cut into five divifions nVnJ nr lv nP ^ h ^ hT’ ,0yntS !lkewife a S ain(l the leaves come forth lon E twining tendrels. claf- o K n S n W fl hnloem « take hold of : at the bottomes of the leaves, come forth clufters of I mall greemlh yellow flowers and after them berries,thicke fet together in bunches of feverall formes, great- 1 ?? ’ "‘.“me the cluflers ate clofe, and others are more open, and fome being round other, more long, and fome tending to a Iquare 1 fome like wife arc very fmall, as the Curran Grape, others great and fortaile^Z 17 ™' b K, hag,,iK ; a f rc white, »*«■ blaclte,°r blewilh.or red/par.i-coloured, 'and prowfo and y fo!e QV T a n!' tJ,al bothfweete according to thc feverall climates they 0r , har m'n 0r T'’, n ' 0re ° r ! cffe P lcafant one thcn “ether, within which there arc dually ten both Wirteihnd C S ' ThC> < J at K =C1 f thLlr Vll1 ? s ln :he be(l manner doe kcc P e thetn low i and cut them 0 l both^fairer\nd ^reerere 1 mmCr W ' £re ^ y g '° W tbe bctter ’ and take up leffe roome, bringing their Grapes TP;.,H-„r f The Parfcly Vine or Grape with thin cut leaves, rifedI 35 ° thCr Vlne , s doe > t,ie diffsrence chiefely confilling in the leaves, which,are very much in- nSp k ? J ? artS I et:n almoft to the middle.and dented,the Grapes which are white and great, arc Ike fort of cSes! C £ a " d ° f 35 S °° d3 rCl “' h ‘ bearing grclc bunches ’ and npe»ing wfth“he middle CTU -11,0 3 ■ Fabru.fca five VitUfjlvcSiris Eurepaa. The wild Vine of Europe. by is made leffe fruhefulHi and tb > refor " neglefted,lyeth for the moil part on the ground,arid there- y made Idle fruitefull,u n lefie it mecte with fome hedge or tree, whereon it may dime, and then fprsadeth as the the manured, being both in branches, leaves,and tendrel6,like unto the manured Vine, as alfo in bloflomes, but bearcth either little or no fruite,or feldomecomming to ripenefle, and what it dothisfmalland blatke, and no way comparable unto any ot the manured Vines, being rather binding and fowrethen (wcete. 4. VitufjlvrftritVirginiana. The wild Vine of Virginia, Thisonefortof the Vines of Virginia, like all other wild forts runneth on the ground, andtaketh hold of whatlbevcritmeetechwith, being in all things like the former wild forts, but that the Grapes are linalland A'ba. white, and with little fappe or juyee in them, and the kernell twice as bigge as others. Thi re is another lore ctrnlea. that hath bigger blew Grapes, and l'owrer in carte. A third they call the Fuxe Grape, and hatha more rueged Vulpine. barke, a very broad leafe,without any divilion almoft but dented,and the Grape is white, but fincllcth and taltcih likeuntoaFoxc. 5. VitufyfatftriitrifilixCanadenfit. The wild Vine of Canada* This wilde Vine of GsW* groweth like unto other the wilde Vines of thofe parts with (lender reddifh bran¬ ches, diming where it can get whereon ; but the leaves on them being little more then halfe lo large as the ma¬ nured Vine, hath onely three partitions in every leale, but each cut in deepc, even to the long fmooih Ifalkc, whereon they (land,making them feemc as three leaves, which are of a darkc grecne colour,and fomewhat thickc alfo: chefruite is like the other wild forts, having more skinne and kernell then fubftanceor j'uyce. The Chief*Grnpej are thefe : The Dama/eo white Grape, whiih is the true Vvx Zibibe, that the Apothecaries fhould ufein fundry of their compolitions. The Mufcadine Grape both white and red. The Frontignacke or Muske Grape. The patty coloured Grape. The Raifin of the Sun Grape. Hie Curran Grape is the fmallblew Currans that the Grocers fell,and have nokernells, whereof there is ano¬ ther fort that bcareth red berries,almoll as (mall but not fo fweet, or rather a little tarter. The (mail earely blacke Grape. Theblacke Grape of Or leaner. There is a Grape without hones growing in fundry places, asbythe River Soreke neere Afealsn in FJtflina , giving a red wine,as alfo in divers places of Arabia,&c. and in the Madtrtu,&c. There is reported alio to be one that bearcth grecne leaves continually, yet yeeldeth fruite but at the time that others doe. There is faid likew ile to be fome that bearer wife in a ycare, and fome oftener, having both ripe and gretne fttuce together at one time upon the tree. Tie ll The Theater of‘Plants. Chap. 104. 1 -ffj Trib* 16. The Place and Time. The manured kindes Me planted every where, and according to the foileand climate is both the rellifhand flrength of every forr, for tne Vine that groweth in the Canary Iflands, is the fame with that at and She. r«,and yet the one (fill excellcth the other m (Length and fweecnefle. Theoiher wild (aits are all Mprcffed in their titles.- the firft wild fort in fundry places of Snrepefooia Italy,France and Germany. The wild forts flower fomewhat later then the tame or manured, and therefore what fruice they beare, mult likewife be later ring then others, ^ 7 he Names * Themanured Vine is called in Greeke !«"* 5 p©- and »/«(©•, and in Latine Viti, Vinifcra, and fativ* or cnlta: the wildeis called Ikuk®- iytat, and in Latine Vitisfylveflri, : Viti; a vine, vel quia invitetur ad'sevsts yarienia dicitur, but there is another Vila fylvejhu of the Grecian,, that is the C/emati, ureas of the Latines hy fome,and the AmaraduUU by others, when as this is called Labrufca, to caufe it to be knowne alunder • the j'uyce of theunripe Grapes of the manured V ine, or rather of the Grapes of the wilde Vine, which come not to ripeneffe are called in Greeke Omphacium, and Agrejia in Latine, in Snglifh Varjuyce : The Grapes when they are dryed in the Sunnc are called Vntp* jji.and Pap/e folia Rafins: thcjuyceor honour prefled out of the ripe Grapes j s called wine : the kernels arc called 3 tytfm acini, the dregsbr ietlin° of the Win- are called Vim faces, wine lees while they are moift, but being dryed is called T*rtcnm, Tartar or Arpoll, the de- flilled Wine is called Spiritm vim, or Aqua zite, the fpirit of Wine or Aqua vita. I;, the wild Viiie“the He wers are called «r*v 8» f and Oenanthc, that is Vim (Its in Latine, which was of much ufe in former times, Luc now is Wholly ncglefled. The Arabians call the V inc Harm,Karin or Kami, the Italians Fite vim ft rera, the Spaniards Fidand Parra, The French Vigne, the Germanes iVeiureb, the Ttutch wipjgaert oft ivitnfiacke. ‘ The Vertues. ^ J The Vine hath in it divers differing and contrary properties, feme cold,fome hot, fome fweccc, f -me lower. Tome milde and l'omefharpe, and fome moiftening, and others drying: for the leivesand young branches are cooling and binding, and good to be put into lotions for lore mouthes, or other parts,and in drinkes againllfea- Sarmer ' ta ‘ vers: being bruifed, and with Barley meale applyed to the temples eafeth the head ache comtning by hcate • and ?■ f " , “ The applycd to the ftomacke, eafeth the inflammations; and heat thereof: rhe juyee of them being drunke ftayeth Slaves thelaske,callings, fpittings of blood, and womens immoderate longings. The alhes of the burnt brandies, or cmreula. prefling, made into a lye and drunke, isvery effcftuall fortheflone and gravel! in the kidneyesbeing mixed vrtorct- with a little vinegar, it confumeth the warts of the fundament,and the inflammation thereof being bathed theie- i0 ’ um 1> ~ U with, it doth marvelloully cafe the paines, andtaketh away the dwelling. The faid lye of Vine afbes, is -ood T“’' V h“' to wadi places out of Joynt, or burnt with fire, and nl'ed with Rue and vinegar, is good for the dwelling ofthe the he of lpleene : and tided with wine, it helpcth Saint Anthonies fire: the faid lye aldo helpeth frettingsand fillings in tlieni. anyplace: the alhes made up with axnngia, is good againft hard tumours, clenfeth fillulacs, and hollow ulcers, and healeth them up afterwards, helpeth the paines and fhrinking of the dinewes, and being mixed with oyle* eafeth thofe places that are bruifed by falls or othcrwil'e, andcureth the bicings of Scorpions,"’and do-ges: ui'ed with vinegar and niter.it wafleth away Wens and other excreffences in the flefh. The water t hat droppeth from Ladnjm the Vine, when it is cut out of due time, being drunke helpeth to cxpell and wafh downe the gravell and Bone in ' l “ u - ru the kidneys. The Gum that iffuechout of it lclfefticking to the barke, being drunke in wine doth the fame, V r ‘u T‘ r (but‘hat we feldome fee any inch in our country, and therefore may dafelyule the water in the (lead thereof! Gummi and being bathed on the skinnetaketh away fcabbes, tetters, themorphtw, and the leprous feurfe, if the places nwgiur, be firft wafhed with niter: Thel'aidGummeorthe water that droppeth from the greene branches, when they arc bin ned, being ufed with a little oyle nketh away haires and warts. 1 he frefh Grapes being eaten, doe breede a little windinefle (which is incident unto all lortsof raw fruice ) buc (firre up the appetite, and are plea- Vv “ & fant to tile ftcmacke, helping to Hay fpittings of blood, but affeft the head and the Ladder: ‘and arc forbidden in r 4 “ l * agues: being hung upand dryed a little,or made into Raifinsphey doehclpc to loofen the belly, efpecially if they !? r T ,and be taken without the kerneils, whic h are more drying and binding, to be tiken in pouther of them Helves then any JL’fL ot er part of the Vine: Thofe which as s called Rafins of the Sunne are the beft for this purpofe with us, and for 4riili. The any other ufe m phyfieke: and herewith are made Tifane drinkes, tohelpe coughes, hoarleneffe of the throate, GrJ prka- fhortneRe of winde, toughneffe of flegme, caufing it the more cafily to be expedforate, and doe lenefic fharpe " cls - and naufeotis humours, that offend the mouth of the ftomacke : they ferve likewife to open the obftruflions of t *. liver, fplecne and bladder, and taken by themfelves they nourifh much, by reafon of their thicke fweete and temperate (uoltancc, whereby alfo they ftay not long nor prutrifie in the ftomacke. The fmall Raifins or Cur¬ rans are very nourifliing likewife, and fomewhat opening the belly, efpecially being (tewed with fome other Pa ^ Cc ~ tnngs conducing thereunto, as with a decoftion of Sema,Rubaibe,and other fuch like things, according as occa- T J. a,hiac * ion (hill ncede : Tic T>ama[co Raifins have 1 little tareneffe in them, wherebythey are mod gratefull to the Puff'ul'Jn, tomacke, and cxcelleth the Raifins of the Sunne for all the purpofes aforelaid. The juyee of the Grape is of two »akeisa lortSjthat is, madeofunripeGrapes which is called Varjuyce, orofthe ripe Grapes called Wine: TheVar- D -=«-Uo juyee is a hne tart liqueur fit to be ufed inbrothes, meates,or lawfes.to iliarpcn the ftomacke, to get an appetite, Ra '(i ns » and to retrefh and quicken fainting fpirits: Of this juyee is made a fyrupe of efpeciall ufe in the like cauies: the Wine IS of fo many fundry forts, as not onely the Grapes,but the feverall climates and foylcs wherein they grow v [ e \. fbeweake Wines are veryrheumaticke, and clenfe much: theftrong wines are very heady, and enilame ' ' tne blood very much ; thofeof a middle temper are moll proper for our bodyes (who ufe not willingly or or- ainarily. to allay or temper our wine with water, unlefle the Vintner doe it without our knowledge or'confent) and molt wholefome for our health, and mod in ufe for Phyficke, both to boyle in drinkes, and to ferve as the yen, culm,,, toextraft the Vermes of whacioever (hallbe fteeped in it, And is diftnbuted into many parrs, for o ,c '*JP. e b°th Sapst and Defrutum, in Englijh Cute, that is to fay,boyled wine, and both made of ’JMufltt-n, new Wine, the later boyled to the halfe, the former to the third part- Then there is Lora which is a fmall kind wine,like our fmall beerc, by putting water to the preflings, and prefTing them over againe, but becaafe we IsM.Small la ve no ale of Inch with us,I forbeare to fpeake further of it, Acetum, Vinegar, that is.lowre wine,which is as VVinc, neotfi e r,« ? c» 7 m mtura opw,is pliny fpeaketh of the former.for it is made by letting in the Sunne,which exha- Rrrrrr ling 1558 C-.HAP.I04* Tbeattvm Botatiicum. F RIE £l6 lin" the purer fpirits, and by the heace caufetn the other to grow acidc, and is of great ufe, both in health and fickenefl'c.bochinmeateand medicine; butnowadayes wehaveiucha bafiardizing, and falfification thereof, sapi Curt that we l'carfe can get any right to ufe. The dap and T>r/r*f»>w differing but onely in the mannerof boyling, I may comprehmd them both under Cute, and was deviled to ferve inftead of hony, a>f 7 i»ylaith, it helpeth the cough and fhorenefie of breath, and to expeftorate tough fiegme from the cbeft and lunges, it alio catily pafleth yieotum through the belly, and maketh it finable, Vinegarconcrariwiieiscoolinganddrying, as the Cuti is heating and Vinegar, moiftening, and therefore feivech to correfl the heate in feavers, and to relift putrefaftion, it cutteth tough fiegme,that is hard baked, and not calily brought up and fpit forth •• it is fharpe and penetrating, and very ulctull in lcabbes, itches, cecters, ringwormes.and fretting and creeping ulcers, to coned their malignity, and extirpate their corroding quality, but is offenltve to the (inewes, by its pierfing and drying property, caufmg them to fhrinkc. But the dcftilltd vinegar is of a more fiery and penetrating quality, which rt gaineth by the delfillation A clam thereof, the manner and order in this being quite differing from the delhilling of W ine, wherein the purtft and dt'sUllitum flrongefi fpirits doe firftrife and come forth, when as in vinegar a’.moff two third parts are taken from it, which Deftiilcd .... ’ • " " ' r ' ' -u- —* '- - -- Vine liar. Vittum Wine.^ Zfina com- are the weakeft, before the laft and ftrongeft rifech, but not the laft which is the Empjreuma, and ferve th even a, the vinegar it felfedoth, but with more force, and as the Vekicaiam, wherein the tinffnre and ipirits offimple medicines are referved r But to fpeake of Wine, from whence all thefc are made and derived, is to enter upon a little fea of matter: for to fhew you all the feverall colours, fents, (Length,ages, and takes of fimple wines, were coo tedious and ncedlcfle alfo,and fo i.. it ike wife to (hew you all the lorts ol compound orattificiail wines pofiu five which are as infinite as the herbes,rootes,feedes,or other parts of them are, and take their names from the (eve- arnfidi rail ingrediencs that compoand them, as for example Wormewood wine, Eyebrightwine, Scammoniate wine tin. Artifi- or w i ne 0 f Sqttillts in infinitum, asl may 1.. Gy, each whereof hath the property ofthatherbe, roote, &c. ci ill wines t | latw , s put into it,while it was Muff, that l. they might worke together,but Ample Wine being not made with ininiX: us > thefc artificiall Wines are not in ufe with us, yet might be paralleld almoft, if the things were putiutoour Scptemii- new Ale, orBcere, to worke in them, as wee ufe to doc without dyct Beere. Yet other lorts of compounded on nil. our W ines might be made for fundry phylicall ulcs, after the manner of our Hipocras wine, which is according to the compound fpfees put thereinto,cordiall and comfortable,&c Metheglin is a Wcljh (ffrange) drinke,not made of Wine, and wincs ot t | lcre f orc 1 would not reckon it among thele Wines, being fit for foinc flout tf'elfi ftomackes that affeft it, The ' Sz l° L receipts of many whereofare extantin LokcU Appendixto his Adverfaria, whercunio I referre you. I will u mtm therefore touch onely the particuler properties ci wine it felfe, both as it is mcdicinable and nowifhing, for ta- uipcocn- ken moderately, and by them tlut are of a middle age,or well dept in ycares, or arc of a cold and dry dilpofition, tittim Hi - anc i y n3t very young,and fo their blood too hot for to abide Wine) it encreafech blood and ncuriflicth 11,rich: it p]C " ! procurethan appetite, and helpeth to digeft being taken at meate, it provoketh urine and driveth forth raw hu- ttttiiitlin mours thereby, ftrengtheneth the vitall fpirits, and procureth a good colour in thole that want it, or arc mad- ‘ " lent, drawingto aconlumption,foasirbc not accompanyed with a fever, itexpelleih feares, cares, andheavi- n.ffe, and brecdcthalaaity,mirth, and bodily pleafure, and by the moifiwarmc vapours, caufeth quiet rclf and fleepe,both to the found and ficke that lacke it ; it likewile comfortcch and warmeth all the cold infirmities of the fiomacke, liver, fpleene, andwombe, and helpeth windy lwellings in the body, andgenerallcvill dilpofitions thereof, the greene fickeneffc, and the dropfie, and the over travelled, over wearyed body and nrinde, it is alfo the remedy againft Hcmlocke,Coriander,Poppy,and Opium, Wolfebane,Mufhromes;and Mandrake, or whac- foever cold poyfon or dangerous h:tfce,or roote is taken ; 1 hefe be the effetfis of the moderate drinking of Wine: when as on the contrary fide, theexceffe thereof fcreedech a difiraftion in the fenfes, the Appoplcxic.and Lethar¬ gy or drowfie evill, the trembling of the joy ns, the palfie,ar.d the dropfie, tmisufedtohealeupold ulctrs, and fores, no other mciflure being admitted in the cure. The fpirit of Wine and aquavit*, were of foneerc affinity in former times one unto another,that there was no more difference bet weene them then hetweene the fttongtr and the milder Wine, for Aqua vit.c being made wholly of Wine, with the addition of fpices made the fpirits to be the fironger, and the wine limply without fpices to be the milder; but now there being not one droppe of -•!“ l,w Winein the Aqua vita, is wholly delfilled ftomthe tilts or dregges of Ale or Beere, being their low Wines as it is called, and after dittilled againe with a few Annefeedes, or as fomedoe with a little Ginny Pepper, to make it the fironger without any other fpice, commeth fatre flrort of thofe auncient receircs for the making of thac which was good and whofefome: to toil you therefore the tffeff of our Aqua vita, were not to tell any parr of the nature or quality of wine, but of Barley and Hoppes, which make Ale and Beere, I will therefore (hew you the properties ofthe fpirit of Wine, which ifyou will transferee to Aquavit* youmay, but to farre wea¬ ker effefts : for hereby (hall you know the goodneffe and [Length.by fettingitonfire, with a paper lighted, the pure fpirits burning fiercely, and will allmofi be wholly confirmed : the other burningbut little, and leaving an infipide and much watery part behind it: the purer therefore that it is, the fironger it is, and the leffer of it to be taken at a time, and that not of itfelfe, but in fome Wine or other liquour, forfeare of inflaming the blood and fpirits, and chiefly upon fymptonres and pafiionsof the heart: and then taken with refptd: and good confi- deration, it worketh much more efteftually then the Wine ic felfe doth, to all the purpofes aforefaid, incom- forting and nourifhing the naturall heate in elder perfons, giveth firength and quickeneffe to the fences, and nerves, repaireth memory,andthe cold and moift difeafesof thebraine, helpeth the fainting and trembling of the heart, warmeth a cold and moift fiomacke, helpeth digeffion,expelleth winde from the lides and beliy, and all cold poyfons t being outwardly applyed to the temples, it eafeth the paines in the head, and cold deftillati- ons,and the toorhach,being gargled a little, and cicatrifeth all fores, yet refpeft muft be had, that it be not given where any feaver is, or where the difeafe proceeded! of heate, orisacceffiry thereunto, for feare of hardning the liver and fpleene, and making chollericke perfons the more enflamed: Thefe fpirits of Wi' e, as weil as the Wine it felfe, ferves as a Vehiculum or menfirue, to draw out the tinfhrre of divers things. And now laflly to ■ or (peake ofthe Lees of Wine, which being hardned is call cdTartartmt, T attar or At to It, and that which is taken ‘ ~ 1 from the whited Wines it accounted the principall bed for any medicine: bat the red fort ferveth Gold fmiths and others, to pollifh their filver, and Dyers in fetting their dyes: the belt white Tartar is either given of it felfe (imply being made into pouther and taken,the quanticy of a dramme at a time in fome convenient drinke or brotk,for feme time together in dropfies or evill difpofitions ofthe body, tocxpcll both by urine and fiege,thofe whcyifh Spiritu* -Jim The Spirit of wine and Tribe 16. The Theater of Tlanis. C ha p.105. 1559 whcyilh watery humoursthereof,andapplyed to womens brefts thatare over full of milke, dorh dry them up, but the Cremor Tarsari which is the purer part thereof, and elpecially it it be made as cieare as Crifiall, (the higheft workeofartinthat kinde)doth workc more fafely and more cffeftually then the CrudeTartar can doe ; but this Tartar that is calcined untill it be white, hath then put of all purging quallity,and hath gained a cauflicke burning ptopcrty.that will corrhode and eate away l'cabbed nailea and warts, and foone be brought into a falt,and will alio fooneberefolvedintoanoyleor liquour, if it be cither laid upon a done, or hung up in a lumen bagge, in a moift feller to be received as it droppeth downe, and is the mod admirable op,fix i n Alchimy that ever was knowne, and not to be paralleld with any orhet thing, thatlknow: but to drew the operation of it in feverall medicines by precipitation or otherwife,is not for this Worke, it mud be fought out of thole ptofeffed Authours of the Spagyricke Art,to whom I mud referre you: There is another kindc of oyle of Tartar, of a farre milder temper and is more like unto a cieare water, which is very cffeftuall to dente the skinne from all manner of (port; fcarres, morphew.ordifcolourings whatfoever, arid maketh it fmooth and amiable, and where there is caufe to apply ic.willhelpetobringonhaire on the places decayed. The wild Vines are in property no leffe cooling, but mote binding then the branches of the manured, flaying the laskc andfpittingofblood, piovokin" urine,and L ‘ , bmfee. pleating to an hot domacke.or that loathcth meat: the leaves hereof arc as good tor lotions, as of the other for J he forcsin the mouth the privy parrs and the fundament; theafhesof the branches arc likewiie ufed to deare the V “‘ eyefight of filmes.and whatelfe may offend them,toclenle fores and ulcers, and to take away the overgrowing skinnes of the nailes of the hands or toes. Cha p. C V. Terberit. The Barbery bulb or tree. |He Barberry buth (liooteth forth many (lender demmes ordalket from the roote, fomctirr.es to a great | heighth, covered with a fmooth whitifh rinde or barke.and yellow next the Wood, which is white ea - J fie to breake, and pithy in the middle, fet full of fharpe Imall white thornes, and three at every leafe all- mod, which are fomewhatlmall and long.finfcly dented about the edges, and of afrethgrecne colour; the flowers come forth at the/oynts with the leaves, many ftandmg on a long duller, yellow while they are frefh.whichturne into fmalllong and round berryes, hanging downs in long bunches, upon a fmall Aalke white atthefird.butvcryred when they ate through ripe, ofsfharpc fowre tade, able to let their teeth on ednethac (hall eate them,the roote is yellow and fpreading, 3 There is another fort, whole berryes are thrice fobigge as the former, not differing in any other thing. There is another alfo, whofe berryes for the mod part are without any (tones or kernels in them, or but here and there fome. The Place and Time, It grow eth in many of the woods in Auftria.Hux- gxeia, and in Frame alfo, the bloflomes come forth in May, andthefruiteisripein September, and Otto- ber. The Names. It hath formerly beene held by very good and lear¬ ned Auchours, that this bulh is the Oxyacantha of Di- ofioj duflni hath continued to this day, efpecially a- rnong the Apothecaiies, yet Cordite accounted ic an etrour, and therefore would rather call it the Oxya- emthoso's Galen, then the Oxycantha of Diofcorides, and fo doth Comer arias alio, but wehive flicwed tlfewhcre what the true Oxyacantha of Diojcorides is, even the Tyracar.tha which hath ever greene leaves, and led friable berryes, neither of which can agree with this 11 arbary bulh. Others againehavc taken ic to t e the Spin,i appendix Plini], but Ctufuu hath (liew- edtheunlikelinefle of that opinion. Mat tin that and Ccfalpinist call it Crefpimts, becaufe the vulgar Itali. ans doc call it Crefiim, and tome thereafter in Latine Vvatrefyma, which feme attribute to theGoofe- betry, but many others doe call WBerberit, and io the general! vote goethnow adayes. The French call ic Tfpine vinetee, the Germane, Srbfil, S.m’racfi, and Verftng the Dutch Saner boom, and we in Eng/ijb Barberryes. The Venues. The leaves of Barberries make a fine tart favJfe like unto thofe of Sorrell, andferve to coole and refrclh a fainting hot domacke and liver,and reprefling fowre belchingscfchollcr, and is therefore good foraguifh people •- buc the fruice is much more cooling and bin- ding.quenching third,and rellrayning cholleriche and peflilential! vapours, and is of very good ufe in either Rrrrrr BerberU. The Barberry buth or trtc 0 Vision 232 - jora. Abfipe ml. he. el 1560 /HAP. Theatrum Botanicum. R IBE 16 of the a^ues of that nature, if the conferee or the depurate fuyce, or thefyrupe thereof be taken with thefyrupe of violets: the fair) juyce alfo or the bsrryes themfelves preierved,is often ufed for thofe that loath their meate to procure an appetite, and repreiTe the force of choker,riling from the liver thereinto,and that which palfeth in - to the bowells procuring fharpe laskes: it helpeth likewife to flay womens immoderate courfes, and if it be ta¬ ken with a little Southernwood water,and lugar,it killcch the wormes in the body : it is good alfo for thofe that fpit blood,and to fatten loofe teeth, ftrengthen the gummes.and coole the inflammations of the palate and throat, and ftayeth rheumes and dtflillations upon thofe parts: it helpeth likewile to dry up moift ulcers, andtofoder up greene wounds: the laid depurate juyee called wine of Barberyes, ferveth to diffolve many things chymical- ly: the inner yellow barke of tbe body, branches or roote is with good (uccclfc given to thofe that have the yel¬ low jaundilebeing boyled and drunke- Clupue fettetb downc a fecret that he had ofa friend, which is, that if the yellow barke were laid in Itecpc in white wine for the fpace of three houres,and afterwards drunke.it would purge one very wonderfully. Chap. C V I. Vva crifpafive GroJfularU, Goofeberrycs. -.ygJS Here are I'undry forts of Goofeberrycs, chiefly varying in the fruite.fome being larger or Imaller then fiSkt others, fomc red fome greene or yellow, lomc blew, fomc round,fome long and fomefmooth, and iJJU louie hairy or prickely, which although I have fliewed them elfewherc, yet it fhallnotbeannlle.to remember them here againe. i. GrefiaUna vulgdru. The common Goofeberry. The common Goofehcrry buflr ftldome rilethupcoihe height ofa man,with a llemmeasbig as ones thumbe, or more, at the lower part, covered with a fmooth darke coloured batke. cleere ofthornes thereon, and'fo like¬ wile for the mott pai t on the elder branches,or with a few onely, but the younger are whitifh, armed with very fharpe crooked thornet,which no bodies hand can well avoid that toucheth them, whereon grow fmal! cornered greene leaves, cm in on the fides, but broad at the bottome next the (lalke: the flowers are frnall, and grow at each of she leaves,one or two together, of a purplifh greene coloar.hollo w and turning up the brims a little : af¬ ter which follow the berryes, bearing the flowers on their heads,and arc of three forts,that is full!, or great that are round, or th w are a little longer then round, greene before they ate ripe.and with a thicker skinne then the other, but ofagreenifh yellow colour when they are ripe, ftripedln divers places,cleere and almoft tranfparent, I. Fiac7. T heat rum Botamcum. Tr IB E 16' 1. .'^ilxsJ’UClmtHnomaloit. lilt gieaier red Currans. .Si bu /rafts »*». White Currans. whitenefle almod like Pcarles, the feed within them b"in fT pUinely to be defeerned as they hang on,the bullies, anti ofa mote pleafant winy tafte much more acceptable then the former. And is called Gs*tl as 1 am informed,in fome places oiTdent ! he btache Curran rileth higher then the lap, moie plentifully Pored with branches round about, and more pliant alfo, the younger covered with a paler, a id the cider with a browner barke : the_ leaves are fomewhat like the former but (miller, ana often with fewer cuts or devitions therein, the Bowers a.foare alike, but of a greenilh purple colour, which turne in¬ to (mill blacks berries like the former : both leaves and fruice have a kinde of ftrong evill lent,but yet aie wholefome, although not lo pleafant as any of the former,and eaten by many. allton a™*-*- They Sower tni (ruSilie at the lime time with Goole- berries but abide longeron the bufhes before they faUor Me withered. The name of %ba and com! degree” Thisis the defection of Scrap,* his R,J*s ,.and onely ofSerapil, as not having tendrcls nor large round! ’ J,.,..-, • w eake and his allegations too much ©•*«« would frame itintothe fame mould, but^“^Le'^' anfweraoLunro rlopLflZ his //«becaufe wreffed or too felfe conceited. Some hate thought thit BeUonim in his Booke de coniferh arbmbm. Tri b b 1 6 . Tkel heater or 'Plants. Cbaf.io 7. 156 faith h e fend k onely with two large round leaves like unto the from vvh^l^c^^ccls' prefled that is pleaftnt.and uled of lire richer (orr, whereof bt caufe we have no further knowledge, we here leave them gefutr callerh this Cemnhm leva : mod doe account it a kinde of GnfmUHc, and therefore call ic Crof luUrun.br> and Gref tin* mfomwa*f,m only and Beflerm borto E,f,c. C r.[,, make mention of the whiri R,bn and whocalleth it Grcf«knaber,e„f,s wretrim fimifj ,: The blacke lore is generally called Sr. tJ. a V” G f/'T horto and lome PipirelU as Lu g du n e^s faith. 1 he Italic call it Vnetu rofa flfri Sr turner, the German, St.fohim tt n bli„ and Sant U* te#Kn, an d Keener as CeL‘ r S 6«p^ter*"’ and WC th ^ hiteJE '^ * s 1 given to Ufidcrftand, is called The Vertues. The red and white Currans are good to allay the heate and fainting of the fiomacke, to quench third, ardto hZff d e r J h^ theref £ rcar f e £ a ‘ly P e ™'« cd ■;>*"<» Poarpe agues, for u tempered. the heat ofthe liver and blood.and the fharpeneffe of cboUer.and refifteth putrtfaftion : ittakethaway likewife the loathing of mea e.and the weakeneffe ofthe ftomacke by much cailing.and is go id for thole that have any loolenelfe of the belly: Gefi,erfmh that the Smfm about Herr,' where it naturally groweth, nfe ic for the cou°h. The blacke «"» ******* * T R 1 B * l7‘ 1564 Cjhap.i, EXOTICA ET PEREGRINE PLANTS. STRANGE AND OVT LANDISH PLANTES. CL ASS IS V LT IMA. THE LAST T%]TE. CHAP. I. Agalloebum Jive Lignum, Aloe's? NT RING now into my laft quarter, To to confummate this revolution, I mull ufe another manner of Method,then formerly I have done in the precedent T ribes; for intending to (hew you as well thofe Out-landilh Plants, that are called fpiccs and drogues in our Apothecaries fhoppes, as other fruites and ftrange trees,grow¬ ing in thcEaft or Weft Indies,I would firft perfefl the more ufuall Phyfical part of them in an Alphabcticall order and with them inferc a few other, the more princi- pall things, although not plants, or taken from them that are for the mod partin our (hops ufed in medicines,fhewing the place and names of them all in a continu¬ ed ftile,and not in fractions, as in the foregoing parts. Lignum Aloes y or the wood ot the Aloe tree. A)ab>,o%ivri ~v\oc/.Acm Agallochttmand Xjloaloe in Greeke, is called alfo A*allo- bVltm r ive Lignum Aloes in Latine, and fo in Snglijh, or the wood of the Aloe tree, is a drogue rare to be had, and of much worth : but fas it is with many oth.r things that come out ot the Eaft Indies unto usj of fmall know¬ ledge what it is and where and how it groweth. For bat that garcias ab Orta faith, that the tree is like unto an Ollive tree, and fo.netimes greater, and that he had the . ^oebumfive Lignum slots. branch "of the tree brought him to fa, but neither flow- i.£^/».orche,vo 0 d of, he Atawn. er nor fruite, the places being very dangerous by the haunt of Tigers therein, we flaould not know what forme it bore; none ofthe Ancients either gmkfs or Arab,am, ha- vine fet downe any thing thereof, although they have all mentioned it, and the choyce ofthe bell,with the Vermes; onely Strapio in the ,97. Chapter of his Bookc of Simples, faith it besreth fmall berries like unto Pepper,but red: yet Garcia, maketh feme doubt thereof, as he doth of {undry other his relations in that Chapter. For although Scrap,0 inthacplacereckoneth up divers forts, and Ruclhm fpea- ketli of fourc; yet Garcias faith, he knew but one true fort of Lignum Aloci^ which grew in India, and that the other forts that were fo called, vs ere but fweete woods aliimula- tingit, but were not the true and right wood, which the Arabians call tsfgalugm and Hand, and they of Surrat and 'Pecan.l'd, as it is likely from the Arabians Haud, which word with them properly figniheth but Lignum wood, and prafiantijfimam; but they of Malacca and Sumatra where the true groweth.call it Garre, and the befl /. Calambap Tr ibr V- * 7 - The Theater of Tlantt. ChAF.2, 1565 ; n M V falth ' thac r chat fort °t f wee C wood that commeth from Com™, and ZeiUn, and there called Agmla W that is to fay, Ug^m Aloes fylveftreM not true Listen Abes, which true fort as all the Auncent Authours doe fet it downs is a blackilh wood in peeces, fome accounting the greater peeces to be the better, but yet fomewhat difcoloured with vetnes, (fome Authours faying it i« to weighty and heavy, that it will finkeand not fwimmc being put into water •• but othersdoe not allow of that note, laym, that the belt that is willfwunmeland full of an oyleons tubftance, of a tine fweete and aromaticlte fent.whichlt will fweat forth, when it■ Mburned : Now to come to our later times and fhew you, that for many yeares together (as many 0! ther fuchlike rare drogues ) true Lignum Aloes was not knowne to the Phyfitions or Apothecaries of Europe, for they ufed inftead thereof a k.ndeot Lsgmm Rhodium, which R«ell,,« tooketob m»j«J, Sea voyages tothe haft In- dies, did firft make it knowne in thete later times to Chnftcndome : bnt now in our Droguitf and Apothecaries ihops there is much variety and counterfeit fluffe obtruded on the ignorant, divers forts being to be teene and yet fcarce one of them true Lsgnnm Aloes having thofe markes and notes formerly fet downe, and acknowlcd - ged by the Ancients, which are the onely true notes whereby to know the bedand fuel, no doubt is ou"be/i lort, which ate knobbed or uneven peeces, very brittle, an cl breaking fliort, fomewhat blacke on the outfide and more gray and decoloured within, of a very fmall fent, untill it be burned ; yet I have feenc with Mafte’r TuJefcmt the elder before he dyed.a great peece of true Lignum Aloes, and of the bed fort, as binge and as Ion* as a mans legge, without any knot therein, which as he (aid our King Charles gave him with his owne hands, but was here kept before, and accounted by many,as a great religious rellicke, even to be a peece of the Wood of that C, o(Te, whereon our Saviour was crucified, and therefore was fetched away againe from his Sonne, to be kept as. monument or relhckc dill i butth.s.shkealltheotherrellickesinthe world, even mcere Imputes, for auurcdly if all thofe peeces of wood, that are or were to be found inthe world, laid robe parts of that Croffe were all fet together,they would goe ncere to make one,yea many cart loads full: yet lo fond and fuperftitiou. are men to teleeve lies rather then truthes, that they will rarher kill the gainefayers and thinke that therein they doe (Sod good fervice, then be wife to fee their errours. The other forts which arc (mooth and plaine, with long qM.ncs.are no true Ls ? m>m Aloes, although fo called, being neither of that worth in price, nor goodnefle meffeft.The propertyes whereof are very cordtall for the hea, t.and comfortable for the head and braine, heloin? the memory, and warming and drying up thedefluxions of rheumaticke humours on thofe parts for it is hot and dry in the fecond degree,a little adringent and bitter, and offubtill parts, it much conduce* to weake Pkuter"e d alntmg fPlr ‘ tS ' an< ^ ^ ren S t hcneth aHo a languid,ing flomacke, helpcch difentries or laskes, and the ..^ ou 8 hthe ,( flb J c ^™ tt " of ^ iswhoIe wo rk eisthedefcription ofPIants, and of no other things, yeti cd^ciah^fuch laare'befl^nowne.^ PhyfiCSU Dr ° S “ V0 trMW ° f 3 teW 0th£rS lh " ^ C H , II. Ambra Qitrina, Yellow Amber.' Ellow Amber Is called by the Greekcs, Succinm, by the Latines, and Carabe by the Arabs. '" m > and in the Apothecaries {hops, and is of fundry colours, fome peeces being whitifh, feme yellow,paler, or deeper,and fome of a very deepe red colour,and darkc, all the other being decre cra n i* i P rLn u h £°u h - fS V *" d 15 J :ak en up with iron hookes, being loft under water, buchardning in rhearre Uke Corall: that which is white, as being accounted the lighter and Iwecter is the belffor medicine; as th. yellow for mechamckeufcs, and being rubbed a little while, will then drawunco it llrawes and other fuch hke fmall things as the Loadftonedoth iron, it will alfo burne like Roffin or Bitumen, w i t h a [Irons hea¬ dy lent, and the rather thereof caff into the flame ofa candle or other light, will make a hidden fl.fti like ligh- : tenmg, and oeingfo bituminous it yeelderh an oyle, being deltilled in a retort, which although at the firft ft is EMvery fierce and ftrong of tlie fite.a'tr,oft odious, yet fay being fundry times rent ed becomm th fo rea.fyed.that both fent and colour is fo farre amended, that it is then fit to be ufed. The Phyfo lea 1 ptopert.es ofAmber are many, for being moderately hot and dry, being burned on quicke coales, the fumes received to the head,doe much helpc the moift deftillations thereof on the eyes,teeth,nofe,or flomacke and is ve- ry convenient for thofe that have the falling fickencffe, to leffen their fits, and to refC £ ft is good to plo- voke womens courfes and Angular good to helpe the ftrangling of the mother, and helpcth womei^with child 1 a dram if-V.h i u time WIth eafe ' and t0 hind " their milcarrying that are fubjeft thereunto, to take halfc that Ime the vthftes^d me 'T ” W,ne . chrce or foure mornin S s togethci.and this alfo hclpeth them that ha re the whites, and men that have the gonorrhaia or running of the reines, conftraineth the flux and eS b 'SSS T C Vu d V Cert T recnedy fljr tholc that haye *eir “tine (topped many dayes to- r.i d ple " tltu,ly ' bei "S take " in Saxifrage water; it is alfo very good for old couahes and mominssfaftftp^^"intoaeonfumption, to take the pouther thereof mixed with Conferve of red Rofcs inthe Cioimngsfaftmg, and isivery availeablc for joynt aches, and the running gout. The Chimicallovkof Ambe- ubemg taken inwardly, three or foure drops in a little Mufcadine doth wonderfully eafe the (lone J.j ,u o **»*"«, £ jp CsAP] 1^66 Chap. 3 . Theatrnm Bctanicum. Chap. III. Amber grifea, Ambergrife. Tribe i7. a Mbersmefe is better knowne to molt by figbt what fort is better then other, then what it is, cr w hereof SMoergneiejs occcer n . ' ° verv variable hereof, lome fuppofing it to be the fpawnc of ‘hfwhsle ’ott thebel’y of the tfuc W bale(thac hath ,.o teeth WKSf and «-«h fohfiihesS which it cafteth forthat certaine times, andby the agitation of the ieaiseaft on fliore • fome o hers ake it to be the excrement of ce, tame great lea hfhes, and lome to be the fume of the lea : ihore . lome otners caue it u . ■ nn (t eW Q f truth in them : for although Amber in the Ethiopian all which opinions are utterly eironio , § an( j yellow Amber alio, from whence rofe that vulgar o- language lignifiecha Whale,, asorbeLfertafinthe' belly of a Whale ( as CMomrdue relatethit; EatuX'c^X^.therewas’neereanhundredpound weight of Amber found., but in an hundred taKCH asout rnt canary iiunu , ^ an£ j certaine received opinion of the molt SSSgS tsaassS ?SSi $!SS irn »ft r« rela" S th the ong nail thereofasol his owne knowledge, and that until! it hath attained the full maturity, it rw re.aterrurieorig.naii i.it co ard faith that he had feene divers filch great pteces, thichad net atcsi- ncdtheu^VtoAulu bevord them to the Eall, doe mod abound with Ambergrife, yet ate not the coafts of the V. eft Indiesin fiindry tiUces wi'houdt nor vet thefc of Europe, i„ fcverall parts, and even our owne, and the /»J*co;ftshaveyeel- ded it o ndm a d in (evcrall peeces and quantity, yet neither fo much nor fo great as in other Countries: for Girrrlw «£ Or^faith, the grearclt peece that ever he faw, wa.apeecc ot fifreentt pound "A*'^** becne feene as it i, let dovvne by Authours, fome peece well ncere an hundred pound wei b ht. For the choyle thereof feeing there is much v ariety in the colour, and lome in the fubftance, as white mere or leffe, or gray S-er or daJker or enclining torednefle or llickenelfe: that which is not very white, as being ulually very dfv bur graydh more or lelTel and either withfpots and vcines, or without, fo as it be fat, that is, upon a knives nomt or”like™, ng.heatcd will (hew oylic.ts accounted the beft, having the peculiar lent belonging thereto, El s“ft nec,e unto dry cow dung,in my opinion, the blacke ten is the word 1 he properties of Amber- Hifearethete t it IS hot and dry in the lecond degree, it warmeth.tefolveth, and ftrengtheneth, what wayfoe- virftbe taken • iteafeththe pair.es in the head, being diffolved ina warme tnortcr, and mixed with a little oyntmento^Orenge flowers,the temples and forehead being annoynted therewith: ,t comforteth alfo the braine, vvarmetb and reforveth the cold dtfluxions of humours thereon, and on the nerves at.d finewes. it doth likewde r 0 Xt and ftren'then the memory, thevigour alfo and fpirits of the heart, it is Angular good for women trou- bled with.he mother,to be applyed to the place it helpcth barr -' Pei colambtr.w by others, which is a kind of Cranes bill,called Dovesifoote, both whichi errors Mat- thiolm ha r h lufficiently confuted, Qnatramt* alfo tookthe Mynw Brabant tea our Gaule to be it,and then 8 ihioltri iaith^a finall leed came tobe taken for it, and therc/ore called Amomum Germa^um: Or, a who lived many yeares in the Eaft Indies, declareth that he faw a branch of Amomum, which the Phyfiti ons ofN^mZcoJL King of D«« gave him, being brought as they find among other drogues ou of Afi p*rfia and Arabia for the Kin<^ ufe, which as he faith, he found agreeable zoE)lofcondes hisdtkripuon there of^nd n wfihall was veryliheuntoaDoves foote,and calledby thewhichfigrafieth thinu, that is a Doves foote: but both he and Valeraudw Daxi-cr were deceived with the famL thing, brought from O -mr» in being fo taken there generally,& both the Amomum & Amomit are fee forth in the figures by ■ {in in his Scholia on the fame place in GAir^andheteaifo.Al 1 thefe opinion!landeveryof che ™ are h “" e b r ‘F f J and no way anfwcring the truth of the thing.and Dpeonies his defcnpaonifot of late ‘tee hathbt n t, Fimce from the Eaft Indies, by one •JAUr.mell* a famous and curious Mu»,i n the fearch of raredrogues. he true Amomum, which although it hath beene oppofed by divers learned men, yet Marom mif «, hatch i little treatile thereof,fo exemplified it and comented upon every part of it, and compaiting D. to.ether.that it is now generally accepted of almoft every where,to be the right and S“ r ' ^ b „^oZ- tion whereof, I me.nefo much as was fenr.is on this wife: It is a bunch vvbat like unco Grapes for the outward Forme and bigneffe, ^but elfc very like un brownc feedes clofe ger and rounder, having within the outer whitiftithinne fhell or skinne, fundry blackil t h rn ft Tri be i7. The Theater of'Tlantu Cha p,4. Ammum genumtm & fpur 'mm. True anti falfe Amomum, x, Amomum alt ud quorum am CT Gtvjopbytfam Pittij Glufu fufrieat um. Another fort of baftard or falfe Amomurn fufpe&cd by clufim to be Tltoy his GarjophyliM* rhrufl together, very like to the inner (cedes of Cardamoms, but larger and of feme whit a fiercer pierfing fent, fmelling fomewhat like unto oyle offpike,which made Cluftu to thinke it had bcene feafoned therewith, and of a fharpe hoc andquicke taftc. The properties whereof are thefe: Itisheating, binding, anddrying, procu¬ ring deep; and reft, and eafing paines in the head, being applyed to the forehead, it digetfethand difcnfleth in¬ flammations and Impoithumcs, and helpeth thole thac arcltung by Scorpions: being u(ed with BaJJili, it helpeth goaty perfons.and mervailoufly cafcch the griping paines in the belly and bowels by reafonof wind, to f wallow three or foure of the feeds,and tor the mother in women, taken in that manner, or made into a p, (fary and fo u- fed, or cite inabjth,it is convenient both for theliver andreines,andisaningredienrt>f chiefe account, in great Antidotes thac are prefervatives. The talfc or batlard Amomum , which as it is likely is the lame that Garcias faith was held for true in chelndies, and which C/ufius faith in his Annotations upon that Chapter of Amomum of Garcias,Valerandus Domes received from Ormus, is by him thus deferibed. 1 hey were like the toppes of fome bulhes confilfing of a number of frail branches, fo thicke fet with very finall leaves that (carfe any Italkes could befeene but leaves onely, (otnewhat like unto the (la ke with leaves of the fca Spurge, the ends ofthemfoclo- fed thac they did in lome fort rtfemhleafloweror Rofe.and the whole branches together, the foote of a feather footed Dove,from which likenefle ids probable arofe the falfifkation, this had no lingular good fent or talie to commend it. The very like hereunto faith C/ufiiu he received at Vienna in Anftria from ('orfiantinop/e, which they there ufed for Amomum. a, Amomum aliudyuorundam & Garyopkyllon Vlir.it aClufio fafpicatnm . Another fort of ballard or falfe rAmomum fufpe&ed by Clufim to be Pliny his Garyoplytlon. Bccaule this alfo haih hi ene by divers received for Amomum , and lo fent to our Drugifts, I thinke good to adjoyneic therewith, for fome refemblance of the whole branch, although Clufiut fettech it with the Cloves, which as he faith ic is l'oinew hat like in ftnr, bur I thinke hereferreth ic ro the Cloves,rather for Pliny his name of Caryopbyllon, lor in my fent and taftc, it hath little affinity therewith, but yet hath lome correfpondence with Pliny his briefe notes or defeiprion thereof, and therefore I will give you Clufuu his figure and defeription. lames Garret while he lived, an Apothecary after he had beenc a Druggift in Limejlreete London, incheycare fixeteene hundred and one, fent Clufuu fome of this fruite as they grew, which were lomewhac like Pepper comes (but thofe thac I have by the name of Amomum,m& 1 thinke are the fame with his,are browner and bigger all for the mod; part, then any Pepper graine,) fome bigger and leffer, rugged and browns, and eafis to be bro¬ ken, which had blacke round feedes within them, to be divided into two parts, fmelling as well as tafting like Cloves: this fruite or berries grow many clutlring together like a bunch of ©rapes, (each whereof hath a little crowne at the head,fomewhat like an Hawthorne berry) two or three fometimes together on a ftalkc : this had likewife fome leaves (fill abiding on the branch, and were of fundry fizes, although all of one forme, that is fome- what long and round, and round pointed, not dented at all about the edges,but flnooth,and many veip.es therein, ofabrownilhafli-colour, and growing oppolite on the(talkes. This is the cheife parts of his defeription. We have not knowne ituled for any difeafe, more chen that being obtruded for Amomum, fome moro audatious then wife 15^8 CHAP<5< Tbeatram ‘Botanicum. T RIB wife, have put in theit compolmons inftead of theright,but by the tafte as Ch>f,w alfo noteth it, it might feemt to be availcible to many good ufes if they were tryed. Chat. Award;.-!. Anacardes or Malacca Beanes. ' ^C; TLacardium is a fruice like unto an heart,growing on trees plentifully in Canaxcr arid Calccut, Cambay* ,rx 1 andhDecan,as Garctas iaith, (and as fome fay on thole meuntaines in.Sictita that caff forth fire, but I fomewhat doubt thereof) greater then our greateff Beane, and called by the Tortugals F ava de Malac- qua,o[ the Arabians Balador, and of the Indians Bibo, whole outer skin or huske is of a darke red colour. Anaeardh Anacardes or Malays bhtQCj, betweene which and the white edible kernell, lyeth a ccr- taineliquour orvifeous fubifance, of a fiery red colour while it is frefh, and of a fwcetilh,but fomewhat hot tafte, which is the true Mel Anacardimm,but inftead thereof,be- caufe We cannot have them fofrefh, that we mighttake forth this fubftance, lorneufetoboylethe fruite being bro¬ ken or bruited in honey.and then call it Mel Anacardimem, butoffarreleffecffeft. The whole fruite faith Garcias, is familiarly eaten while they are frefh, as alfo being pickle- cd like Ollives, in all thofe parts where they grow, but as he faith, when they are dry, theyufe them asacaufticke, to take away wens, &c. The qualities hereof are fet downe by Seraphs and Avicen, who although they make it to be of a delicery andpoyfoning propercy, by overhea¬ ting and burning ihc blood, being hot and dry in the third, if nor in the four ih degree, which Gareas beleeveih not; yet they fay that the fruite helpeth the fence* that are weake, and the memory that is decayed, andcomforteth the brainc, and nerves that are fubjefl to the palfie that commech throu yh cold : garciai faith that in India they ufe to give the whey wherein the iruite hath been, he* ped,to thole that are fhort wmdtd,and to thofe that have the wortnes, Chap, VI. C«jB/cB®riri<>rbahites)d\e fame place where Sodome and Gomorrha with the other Cities flood, mentioned in (jenefn, being then the pleafanteft and moil fruitefull valley of all thofe parts, t seceding Hiericbojznd the parts thereabouts, which is about fifteene miles from it, and whof: River runneth intoic, and lo drowned therein, yet no fiih entereth into it; but now the traft of ground about it for agreat compafi’ bea¬ red! a (ad face,and is either utterly barren and fruiteielfe, or beareth fuch fruite as is oneiy faire without and duff within, and the airenoylcme and peililenc, bythethicke infeftious vapours ariiing from it, and is neither mo¬ ved by the wind,nor will fufifer any ching to ftnke therein, but will iwimme on the toppe, and is not onelv of a faltbut bitter taflc, which will corrupt any thing rather then preferve it, as fait Sea water will. There are o- ther forts of Bitumen in the W orid, as Hilforians report,as in CmAj, and fundry Fountaines necrethe fe? fitore catling it forth as blackc as Pitch, Another fort is in a Province of Peru, where the place is voyd of tree or plant, and giveth a fat liquid Bitumen in this manner: Turfes of the earth, being laid on hurdles, the liqueur dropping from them, by being fet in the Sunne, is kept to heate and comfort any place affefted with cold humours and tumours,cureth wour.ds, andisufed for thofe griefes whereunto Caranha, and Tacamahaca lave t it is of a flrong fmell, and of a blackiih red colour. The Inhabitants about this Lake, gathr r this "Bitumen or Pitch, being an oyle or liquid fubftancc on the water, and hardned by the aire,and fpend it chiefly in pitching their Ships, hue medicinally it difeuffeth tumours, and fwellings.and mollefyeththehardneffeofthcm, and keepyth them from inflammations, and is of Angular good ule for the rifing of the mother, and for the falling ficker.cffe, to be burnt and the fumes thereof which are ilrong imelleduntoit bringeth doivne womens courfes taken in Wine, with a little Cafloreum, it helpeth the biting of Serpents, the paines of the (ides and the hippos, and diflblveth con¬ gealed blood in the ftomacke and body. "Petroleum quafi petra oleum or oyle of Peter, is athinne reddiih liquour, thinner than oyle of Ollives, and al- moft as thin as water, and is accounted to be a liquid Bitumen, and thought to be the Naphtha of Diofcorides by Adatthiolui ,becmCe it is fo apt and eafie to take fire, even by the ayre thereof, and is gotten in fundry places of Italy, diltilling ofit felfe out of a Mine in the Earth, and in Hungary jlbo, in a certaine place, where iffuin » forth in a well together with the water, the owner of the place thought to have the chinkes (topped up with morter, which could not be done witboutlight, the workeman therefore taking a dole lanthorne with alight in it,went about it, and being gone downe into the well to (toppe it, very fuddainely, the Petcrayie takin" fire flew round about the (ides of the Weil, and with a hideous noyle and (moke, like the cracke of a peece oforeat Ordinance (hot of, it not oncly call forth the Workeman dead, but blew up the cover of the Well into the sure and let on fire alfo fome bottles of the oyle that (food by the Well, and many perions that flood thereby wc*c fcorched with the flame. Thisoyle of Feterisa fpcciall ingredient tomakewilde fire, and is of a very hbtafid pieriing font and quality, and therefore is ufed for cold aches crampcs and goutes,and to heale any greenc wound or cut,fuddainely, a little thereof being put into the oyle of Saint Iofmt wort and ufed. Emr. XIV. ■BUtta tjzmUfiv*Vnguii odorattu. The fweete Indian fca fi(h fiidsi His Indian fheli.of fomefeafifli,hathbccne the fubj’edlof fomecontroverfle among the learned for puchlim would make the Onycbe of Diofcorides, and the (Sim* Byzantia or Vngui, odoratm to be differing things, and then agame, he would make the BUtta Hyzantia to be a bone in the mouth or fore part of the note of the fhell fifli Purpura, or purple Periwinkle, and this he doth rwife expreffe in his Annotations on NicholasMyrepfiujtn the compofition of Aurea Alexandria tmimDsarnargariton, into both which compofitions the Blatta'Byn.antia aretobeput but Mat tkiolue contefleth againfi this his opinion, and faith that thefe fweete (hells called Concbula Indict or VncruU ode- rstnr are taken by Strap*, and Avion, and the latter Sreeke writers, to be no other thin" then the BUtta By zantia. And agame that never any Writer accounted that bone in the nofe of the fifl, Purpura to be fweete or numbered among other fweete things, but that the afi;es of choir (hells being burned was drying and ferved to clenfe the teeth, afidto rcflrainc the ettcreffences in the fled,, to clenfe ulcers, and to bring them to skinnin" but on the contrary fide, the Arabians have alwaycs ufed the BUtta B]*mtUy becaufe they were of an, aftringent Sfffff j r^ualicy >574 C h a p.15 , T hsatrum Botanicum. Tribe ly . quality,of tbin parts &did participate of a kind of fweet- nes, and is good in the difeafes and weaktnes of the fto- macke, the ill difpofition of the Liver, the fainting of the heart, and the riling of the mother in women, and as Diofcoridcs faith is good alfo for the falling fickneffc, to burne them under their nofes, that the fumes may eafc their fits, and that none of thefe qualities were ever at¬ tributed to the purple Periwinckle (hell. ‘Diofcoridcs writeth that the beft come from the red fea, and are white and fat, that is, will eafily burne (but fuchdidl never fee ) and that chofe that come from Bubjlm are blacke, but the fumes of both are like unto Csjlorcutn^ which argues thofe not to be right that are in our (hops, although lbrnc doe differ from others in the fife, as is expreffed inthe table. Yet {JWatthiolw fcitcth forth in his Commentaries on Diofcoridcs, a certaine fmall long hollow fhell, almoff like a tooth, which I rathet tike robe the ‘Dcrtali of the ancients for Vngttu odors- rKf.being likely fuch as were ufed in his time, which I have here expreffed, in the fame table with thofe forts that our Drugifts impofe on us, being of two forts, of broad and fomwhat hollow brown fhels,the one fmooth, and the other rugged, and the one fmaller then the other. Blatta By^antiafive vn^uu odoratiu. Thcfvtecte Indian Sea fifh fhcil. Chap, XV* BoIm Armenia] Bolarmoniacke. He fever all forts of Bole or Bolarmoniacke that arc to be feene at fundry times with as', doe teftifi# that we fcarce know whiih to accept for the right, for Galen faith it is of a pale colour, and Pliny making three forts, red, andleflered, and a middle fort, (heweth that both red and pale were lo called, and ufed alike,and moft of the forts that we have, have the notes and mar kes of the true, that is, icisafirmeorclofeearthjheavy without graved or (tone, and for the mod part wholly of one colour, without difcoloured parts* which doth (hew that not onely that "Bolus Armenia which fome call OrU entail*, but many other of the finer forts, found in other places, not onely as a mine of it lelfc, but in the mines chiefly of iron, and fome in thofe both of gold, filver, and copper,may fafely be ufed for lome of the lame purpo- fes; but becaule they all or moft of them doc colour the hands or fingers of them that touch them, many have fuppofed that it may not unfitly be referred to Galcm Rubica Lemnia } which was differing from the Terra Lemma , becaufc it coloured the touchers hands, which Terra Lemnia did not: or may be th e Rubric a Sinopica of Thofco- rides. which w'as of a liver colour, although peradvencure in his time the Alexipharmicall qualities were not knownc to him or in his time; as his Rubric a Fabrilijy fo called becaule Carpenters diduletoftnke their lines therewith, as we doe now with chalke, may be our common Bolarmoniacke, which is courierjtnore brittle,and ufed onely outwardly to ftanch bleedings. All the beft forts of Bole with u?, have fuch cl«mmy cr flicking quality, which the ancients mention not, that i», if it be touched with the tippe of the tongue , it will cleave ve¬ ry fail thereto, and the ftronger it deaveth,and the harder it commeth from the tortgue, the better is the Bole ac¬ counted of. And is ufed as a fpeciall remedy in all contagious difeafes of the peftilence, fmall poxe or the like, and in peftilent feavers,and againft poylons,and the venome of Serpents .• it hath alfo a binding property to re* ftrainc allfi uxes of the belly or of the fperme,or of womens courses. Tri b a 17. The 'Theater of Flams. C H A f-.1 6. 1575 Chap. X V I. Borax, Boracc.' Orax or Bor rax called by the Greekes CbryfocolU from the property of fodoring of gold • and Tincar, or Tincal by the Arabians, is faid by Garcias robe aMinerall matter, gotten out of a Mine of earth, in a mountaine,about an hundred miles off from Cambayette, but this is not the Cbryfccdla of the Aun- _ dents, DioJcorides,Galen ,and Pliny , which in their times was of a greene colour, found in Mines of tundry mcttals,made into pouthcrand wafhed often, and prepared for the purpole; but ours is made by many in our owne land as well as in others, by art as Ailome is, into fmall pure whice peeces. of no taflc or but wai- lowifh; and is cafiiy beaten into pouthcr; the fubflancc whereof it is made, being brought us out of the Eaft Indies, and no place elfe that I know, and is certaine white ftones, put into,or wrapped in fat or greafe, which is called unrefined Borace, and fo brought to us, untill it be refined, as we have ittoufe: the properties where¬ of befides the fode'ring of gold, filver.copper, &c. is of good efficacy mot onely inwardly taken to binds fluxes of the belly, aslaskesand the like, but th.- gonorrhea /><#?,or running of the reines, but outwardly tofoderupany cut or frefh wound in the flefh,and is often ufed alfo with other things as a fucm for the face,&c. Chap, XVII Cambtigio (jtiibufdam Cathartic»m attreum, The golden yellow Indian purger. His Cambugiozs it is of late importation, fo itislikewifeof fmall knowledge unto us, whereof it is made,forbut onely what we fee of it tobc a (olid peece of lubfiance, made up into wreathes or roules, yellow both within and without, and giving a yellow colour upon the moiften ingot i:, we know not as yet, neither can we learne truely, whether it be a gum or hardned jayce, which ic is the more likely to be of the two, becaufe it will fo eafily diffolve in water, although fomc luppole it to be the juyee of Ettphorbium, others of the purging Thorne : fomothinke it to be made of Scammony, or ri~ thymalf, others ofSpurge, and feme of the greater Celandine, other of the middle rinde of the Aidartree, an., laftly Batthinus, becaufe he would fay fomewhat, makeih a quid ft forte, what if it be not.the juyee of the flower... of Ricimu dryed, and I fay it is moft likely tobc the juyee of a peculiar herbe of chat Country, that giveth fuen a yellow juyee as Aloes. Ic hath gained a number of names, partly from the fundry nations language s,and pat t- Jy from the miftakings and ignorances of people: as Ghittajamaa, or Gtttta gemots , or < famagitta , or Gtttta ga- mandrctjQT Catta^gaum a ,or Cambici, or Crambici or Cambugio, and fome others alfo, which! vvilhngly omit, it is brought unto us out of the Eaft Indies, and fome fay fotnChina. The properties hereof are to purge boih by ftoole and by vomit, and is of much ufe with divers perfons of good judgement and quality, who give from three or foure graines unco ten or twelve.or to a fcruple or halfe a di amine, according to the age and ftrengch ct their bodyes, and worketh gently with fome, evacuating forth crude flegmaticke humours from the ftomacke, and wheyiffi from the bowels without any trouble • but contrarily with others ic worketh very churlifhly, and with much perturbation of theftomackc ; Some alfo ufe to make fmall pillesofic,and give ic in that forme, efpe- cially ifthe humours be ftifte,and not eafie to be avoyded, and for that caufe fome will addc a little Scammony unto it to helpc the flow working in fome bodyes, fome alfo to corretft for the tenderer bodies will give ic in the pulpc extracted from Currans in white Wine,as acorre&or of the qualifies,and fome in the infufion ofRofes. Chap. XVIII. Champbora. Camfire. Amfire,called Caphura from the Arabians Cafar, is fuch a fubtle thing, both in fubftance and na •. ture, that although it is the gum or liquour ofagreat vaft tree, ( like to a Wallnuc tree, whole wood is fomewhat folid and firme,snd of an afhco’.our like unco Beech,or fomewhat blacker, the leaves are whitifii like unto Willow leaves, but neither flower nor fruite have becne obferved, yet is likely to bcareboth ) parrly diftilling forth of.it o\vnc accord, but chiefly by incifion, which commeth forth cleareand white, andhathnofpotcheiein, but what it acquireth from their foule hands that touch ir, yet what we have and ufe, feemeth plainely to be fo made by arc.,being eaft as it were or fublimed into broad round pannes or difhes, and little above the thickenefleofonesthumbe,cleere,whitc,andtranfparent, but not to be made into powther oficfelfe, (although ic is fomewhat brittle,and will breake into many fmall pceces) without the helpc of a blan¬ ched AHmondjor fome other fuch like wuftuous thing,which hereby will reduce it into fine pouther: neither u ill it be eafily diffolved in cold water, but by warmth willberefolved like unto fat, being cafiiy feton fire, and will bur ne in the water,ferving for wild fire with the other things, and is of a veryftrong fierce font, b.oth fen^and fubftance vanifhingawayfif it be expofed fora while to the open aire; yet the wood being made into fcvcrall vvoikes, will fmell thereof a long time: Some take ic to be hot, becaufe it is of fuch tenuity of parts. Rbajir faith it is cold and moift, but Avicena faith ic is cold and dryland that it caufcth watchings and wakcfullneffe, and quieteththefenfesofthofethatarehot, which are contrary one to the other, as Garcias,\ tA Scaliger upon Garcias noteth it. Camfire doth coolc the heate of the liver and backc^and all hot inflammations and diftempers of heate in any place of the body, eafing the paines in the hcad,and redlining fluxcs.either of blood one of the head and noftrils, being applyed to the forehead with the j’uyce of Houfeleeke or with Plantaine water, and fome Nettle IeeJ,or the fluxe offperme in man or woman,ufing ic to the reines or privy parts, and extinguifheth Venery, or theluft ofehebody : It is a preferver from pucrefaftion,cMd therefore is put into divers compofitions and anti' - - - - --- - dotes 57 & C» a F^ip, Sf bcatrum c Bctankum. Trib h \y dotes to refill venoroe,poyfons, and infe&ionohhc plague or other difeafes: it ;s good in wounds and ulcers to reftraine the heate.and is ot much uie with Women that dciirc to preferve chcir beauty,by adding a luftcr to the skinne. Chap. XIX. Cardnka. The Gumme C amnia. Aratih.t, Cartwna, or Carngna, is a gumme brought from the Weft Indies,whofe tree is not deferibed by any that have written of it, but is a foft kind of Gum, wrapped up in leaves that one pecce fhould not fticke unto another.for it is very cleaving, and is of a darke or muddy greenifh colour, having lomewhatafharpepierling Cent: but there is another fort as CMonardui laith, that is as cleere as Chrittall,which 1 never faw: It is a moll efpcciall and fpeedy helpe,when Tucamahaca could not as Monarim faith be had,for all cold aches,and paines in the nerves and joynts.and the fwellings and paines therin,the defluxi¬ ons alfo of humours on them,or on the eyes,or on any other part to be laid on the temples or behind the cares: it isalfoufed as well zsTacamahacafot the toothach to be laid on the temples like Mafticke. Chap. XX. Cariamomum. Cardamomcs. JggSSKJj Here hath beene formerly much controvetfie concerning Cardamomcs, whether we have either that ga^sRjlajoftbe &mOT,or thoie of the Arabians, fomc fuppofing we haveneithcr, and that the Cardamomcs j; we t'Te.agrec with neither of all their deferiptions. TheofbrafiMjTHafcoridcs and Qa/en, among auncient Greekes,and Fliny among the Latines mentioning but one fort, and the Arabians two, cardamoixum mmm er Wjare, The ordinary leOet forts of Cardamomcs, Mituctte 6tic Catdammwm maximum it Crams ewodifi, Ginny grainci. Cordottomum mojui vuIgors. The greater fort of Cardamomcs! Ce uUaauum medium & miniatin'. A UP two Im-llefl forts of Cardamomcs, a greater Tribe 17. The Theater of Tlantt, Chap,21. 1577 a greater and a lefl'er, but Fuchfusini B-uellm thought the Capficum or Siliyuaflrum, our red Indian Pepper in long horned htlskes,was die Arabians Cardamomhm minus, which dilproveth as improbable, yea impoflible, the difference both in forme and property lo farre dilabling it, and fome fuppofing the -JIMegneta oxgranaParadifi, which We call nfually graines, orGinney graines, to be ibz Grecians Cardamomum, and the Monkes that commented upon Cdlefues, tooke the (aid Melegueta to be the Idler Cardamomesof Scrap:,,, all which and many other opinions may now he buryed, and we better relolved that Diojcoridcs his Cardamomum, not onely agreeth with ga/wu .whereof divers made a doubt, becaufe‘K«/«'rMk, maketh his to be fharpe in talle, and fierce in lent, pierfing the fenfes, and Galen plealant, and not fo Iharpe or hot as Crelfes: for Galen no doubt linderflood the lame oVDiofcorides, when in a receipt that he hadlrom Pamphibia, y.decamp. med. fecund.lecsti. c. 3 . he appointed) Cffi-rfawoiMMiB delibratum ; Cardamomes that were husked to be taken, as alto in fecundo anti- dot, Zeno callethaway th; huskes.and in the Thcriaca 0 1 Damocratcs iqVerfe, Catdamomes inhuskes are named, and Diofcoridcs mentioneth not any huskes, or other forme thereof, becWe it was to familiarly knowne in his time, but that it was not eafie to be broken, which the huske being tough doe declare : but it alfo agreeth with thofc weufeinourlhoppes, and with that which Pliny tnentioncch, who as I Paid in the Chapter of Amomum, faith Cardamomum is like thereunto, that is to Amomum, both in name and.growth, hut that the feed is longer meaning thehtnke with die feed in it, as it is ufed to be taken by him and others, in many things. And that of Diofcoridcs agreeing with that weule in our (liops, cannotbeany other alfo then that of the Arabians, ufualiy brought to all thcle Chriffian parts, from the Eall Indies as Garcias confefleth, and especially the lefl'er, which as Garcias faith is the better, although as he faith, they be both of onekinde, differing in bignefle, the bigger fort being fomewhat longer and rounder, and the fmall fhorter and not fo great, bui ds it were three Iqu’arc. Now as concerning Garcias his opinion thar the Arabians Sacolaa ejusbir, and cegueir Cardamomum majsa ef minus waB not knowne to the ancient Grecians or Latines, affuredly he was milfaken therein, if or the notes and markes of DiofcoridcsHs Canfaroomam doe in all things agree both with ours in ufe, brought Irom India, and that of Pliny as I faid before, lo that now feeing both Grcekcs, Arabians ,and Latines are thus tedonciled together.theie needeth not reft any further doubt hereof to ufe our Cardamomes in any of their receipt i but the Mckgucta or Grana Faridifi, which is in forme like to a Figge, and fullofreddilhfced.althoughit be good and fafe (pice to be ufed, yet can it not be the Cardamomum majiu, as divers have formerly taken it, and to chi, day is foliippo- ledbymmy, but as Garcias faith, it may be the Combafbogue of Avken, the greater and ielfer Cardamomes differ not in kind but in greatnelfe, the one from the o.her, and is called as Garcias faith by the Merchants of Ada- lavar Etrimclli ,by them of Zcilan Snfal, in both which places it growcth plentifullytas Garcias faith, in Bengali and Surrat Hil, and of iome Elacbi, but generally ol the common people Dare, iQ,aIl thole places: The Ver- tues whereof are thelc: it is hot and dry in the third degree : itbreakeththc Hone, provoked) urine when it is flopped or pafieth with painc: icrefiftethpoylon and the fling ol the Scorp.on, ofoifiec ver.cmous creatures, and killeth the birch if they be perfumed therewith: it is good againlt the falling ficlBieffe, the cough, the broad wormes, and the torments or griping paines in the guts,or bowels, and expelleth winde powerfully, both from the (lomacke and entrails, eafeth thofe thatby falls or Dealings aiebruiled and broken, thole that have Ioofe and weake finewcs.and the paine of the Sciatica or hip gout, and uled with vinegar it is good againft fcabbcs: it is uled in many ofour compolitions.cordiaUs, Antidotes and others: the Indians as Garcias faith,pne this to che tompoficion of their Bcirc leaves, which they continually chew in their mouthes. Chap. XX I, Caryophylli. Cloves. Lthoogh Cloves and Nutmegs, and feme other fpices and drogues were not knowne to Diofcoridetj Cjalcn, and the other auncient Grcekcs, for Seraph in citing Galens authority for Cloves, is ei¬ ther falfe or miftaken,for Paului e/Bgineta a later Greeke writer doth not mention it,neither yet doe die Latines, or Pliny in his time ({oxbisCaryopbyUon,ox Garyopbylltmlib.ii.c.j, is a round graine like Pepper, as is (hewed before with the Amomum, but greater and more brittle, and was taken by Lome in thcle dayes to be Amomum , and by others Carpcbalfamum ) yet were they knowne to the lacer Greckes by meanesolthe Arabian Authours, who have brought a more ample and exaff knowledgeof the Indian com- modicies, and of many ocher things,then were formerly knowne, lo that now what by the Portugals travels, the‘Karel? and ours by lea unto thofe parts; the tree hath beene well oblervcd, to be great and tall, covered with an afti-coloured barke, the younger branches being more white, having leaves grow ing by couples one againft another,fomewhat long and narrow like unto the Bay tree that beareth narrow leaves, with a middle rib, and fundry veines running therethrough, each of them Handing on along fooccftalke,the ends of the bran¬ ches are divided into many fmall browne (prigs, whereon grow the flowers on the toppes of the Cloves them- (elves, which are white at che firft, with their fprigges, greene afterward, and laftly reddifli before they be beaten off from the tree, and being dryed before they be put up grow blackilh as we fee them, haviug foure final! toppes at the heads of them, and a fmall round head,in che middle ol them, the flower it felfc Handing betweene thofe, confifteth of foure fmall leaves like unto a Cherry bloffome, but of an excellent blew colour, as it is con- fidently reported with three white veines in every leafe, and divers purplifh threds in the middle of a more dainty fine fent then the Clove it felfe, which is a fmall (lender fruite, almolt like a fmall nayle, and therefor; called Clavus by many,and from thence the Dutch call them Naegelen, being of a hot quickc and fharpe tafte, which are firft ripe and gathered, but thofe that doc abide longer on the trees, doe grow fomewhat thicker and greater,and arc not of halfe the others goodneffe, being called by molt Buffet, yet lome call the ftalkes of the Cloves Fufics, and grow of their owne falling, and are not grafted: Hereout likewife commcrh a certains darke red gum, and arc found ufualiy put together; Thefc grow chiefly in the Malacca Jflands, where they gather them ewife every yeare, that is, in I “ns and December, the leafe, barke and wood, being nothing fo hoc in taQeas the Clove: they grow alfo in /jw%va.whcrc they grow wcil, and bears plentifully, being there planted Tbeatrum Botanicam, C H A P. 22 , CnryophjUouimaifigi'i j put fa, A fall's figure of the Clove tree. Trib e 17. Caryophyllorun tormdu genuwo tfigie. A branch of the CIoyc tree with the frwitc truely exprefled. planted by t be'Dntch, mother place; of the Indies more Icarfely and lefife fi uitefull then there, which are called generally by the Indians CaUfnr, andbythofeofthe Maluccxt in fome other places Chanque. The proper¬ ties of Cloves are many and excellent, being hot and dry in the third degree,yet fome fay the fecond,and of much ule both in mcate and medicine, comforting the head and the heart, and flrengthening the liver, the ftomaclte, and all the inward parts that wanchcate, helping digetlion, to breake windc, and to provoke urine: Theoyle chymically drawne is much ufed for the tooth. ache,and to (lop hollow aking tcerh.as alio to be put into perfumes for gloves,leather and the like,the Cloves themlelves for their excellent fenc, ferving as a fpeciall part in all liveec powthers, fweet waters,perfuming pots,&c. (yarn,w faithchat the Portu^aU women difti'i th Cloves while rheyare frefh, which make a moll fveec and delicate water, nolcffeufefullforfenr,then profitable for all the paflions of the heart, the weakenelVeo(the(lomacke,&c. and with the ponther of Cloves a pp'ved to the fore¬ head helpetheheadachcommingof cold, as alfo by eating them procure a fweet breath •• Some as he faith pro¬ cure fweating to thole that have the French difeafe, bygivingCloves,Nutmegs,Mace, long and blaclte Pepper, hut this hath noufe with us. Cbristopboriu a Co/?* faith that they binde the belly,and fharpen the eye light, clen. ling them and takingaway filmes,or clouds thatdarken it, if their water be dropped into them, and that fottre drammes of the panther of Cloves uken in milke, will procure and (litre up vencry or bodily lull. Chap. X X II. China radix ojjicinarum, The roote China. Hcroote called China, is like to the roote ofagreatreed.fome flattifh, others round, not fmooth, but bunched or knot;y,reddi(h for the moll p«rt on theoutlide,and whitifh, or fometimes a little reddifh on the infide.the belt is folid or firme,and fome what weighty, frefh and not worme eaten, and without any tafle, but as it were drying .• it groweth up with many prickely branches, of a reasonable great bignefle, like unto Sarsaparilla, or the prickely Binde weed, winding itfelfea- bout trees, and hath divers leaves growing on them like unto broad Plantaine leaves, the rootes grow fometimes many together,and may be eaten while they are frefh, and fo the Indians doe with their meatc, a; we doe Catret; or Turneps t it not oncly growath in China t but in Afahbar t Cocbin 3 Cranganor 3 Tanor 3 and o- ther places there,and is called Lamf.it an by th eChincfei, and Chophchina by the Arabian and Perfian , The pro¬ perties whereof are many,and of great life with ns in divers cafes: it was at the firfl knowledge rhereof to the Chri(lians,and others that dwelt in India,chiefly ufed for dyet drinkes in LuaVer.erea , the French diieiir, but linecit is found profitable in agues,whether quotidian or intermirtant, or peililentiall, and alio heftycke; and con- fumptious. T r I b * 17. The Theater of Tlants. China ojf'icmarvm . The true China roote. Chap.q^. 157^ Tfeudochina . Baftard China* fumptions,to rc&ifie the evill difpoficion of the liver, the inveterate paines in the head and ftomacke, and ftrengj theneth it, and to dry up the defluxions of rheumes,to helpe the jaundifeand theburftings in children or others by drying up the humour, which is the caufe thereof: ithelpeth alfo the palfie, and all the other difeafesof the* joyntsand bladder, the gout and Sciatica, and the nodes alfo, and ulcers of the yard, and is good in all cold and melancholicke griefes, fome rake it to be a great incendiary to lufl: the manner of taking it is divers, for lbme boyle it being fliced thinne,and fteeped for a good while in water oncly, and fome adde wine thereto, and fomc boyle it in the broth with a'thicken, tyed up in a linnen cloath, and to take from a quarter to hilfe an ounce or more at a time,as the quantity of drinke or broth you will provide, or as the party can beare. Wehavehada kinde of roote brought us from the Weft Indies in forme lomewhat like unto this true, but harder, redder, and ffeudothkh more knotty,which fome called baftard China, and was not a fed by any that I know, CMonardue faith that the true was planted in the Weft Indies,and brought from thence very frcfli into Spain. Chap, XXIII. CinamoMum } Ca/te/la c-r Cajjia. Cinamon and Caflia. Know that divers learned men are of opinion that Cinamon, Cancll, and Caftia are three diftinfi things, differing each from other, andthat we have no true Cinamon brought ro us (whichcon- troverfie is too long to infert in this place) but that which weufually have, is as they call it Canell orCafTia, and not Cinamon, yet Garcias fheweth that the Chinese and Arabian Merchants, and ! others were the caufe of this plurality of names given co one thing, and of the fables that are ex¬ tant in Herodotus and others of it,and other things; and that the diverfity of goodnefle, either thick- nelfe or bIackneflc,or other outward forme,or quicke and fharpe tafte,or dull and lefle fap;d,or the place of grow- ing made the fevcrall forts that pafle under fcverall names, both now and heretofore with the ancient writers« for if one would be curious now to fearch among the great ftore of Cinamon, that commeth from the Eftl Indies yearely unto us, as Clufim and others have done, he might findc as much diverfitie both in goodnclTe and colour as he or any other did at one time or another: for being the barke of a tree, the goodnefle folio weth ufually, ei¬ ther the place of growth, one being better then another, or the oldnefle of the trees, the younger being the thin¬ ner and ftill having the quicker tafte and the frefher colour,' all the Arabians as Garci/u faith doe generally call it, be it of what fort foever, Q uerfaa, or Querfe (or Kerpha } which in Avicen is a worfe fore, as Scaliger noteth, in Zeilan Cuards, by the Perfians Darjiui, that is, the wood of Sina, which the Portugal/; fir(i corruptly called China, and from thence is the name China ufed by all others: but whereas Garcias faith that the name of Cina- momum was given by thofe of Ormus that bought it of the Chinefcs.* 5 though it were China Amomkm. ScAigcr in hi3 1580 Ch a p.23 . 'I heatrttm c Botankum . T r i b i 17. c namoai foliun f? b sodium. Cortex Cinamomivel Ctjfialigxca off'itinatum. XilocaJJia Lobellj. Aleafcana ltickcof Cirumon. Ioi;/hisCa0iali£ncl. his notes onbin (aiih nothing could be mote unfitly or foolilhly fpoken,for China as is (hewed, is but the cor¬ rupt pronuntiationofthe Portugal//, and what affinity faith he hath Amomum wih C“JT t ‘ , i Cinamomum being Co ancient a word, thtt we finde it in fundry places in the Eiblc, by the Hebrewes named Kiaramm,as Exod. 30. 23. c auric,4 14 . and Prov. 7.17. But herein I thinke ica^eris tooquickcand fclfeconceited,for Garcias layings norwiclutanding may hold good, the Sincxjcsox Chimfes , having beene anciently the greateft Merchants for thole parts as (jarnus fheweth. And although it were rare in Europe, atathouland'fcKdw/ (or drachmas, for I thinke them all one) for a pound as f’/ixj faith, and chiefely kept by Princes as part of their treafury, yetwc read in the Scripture that the IJbmacIitet, Midhxites and others, were the Merchants offpiceryfor thofe parts, whereof Cinamonin thofe three places aforenamed was one no doubt. But Ca/cn his defcripcion of the Cinamon tree( which was wholly brought in a cheftto Rome, offoure cubits and a halfe in length, having fome fixe or feven flemmes.more or leffe,riling from a roote with fundry branches thereon, whole youngeft and tendered, as be faith, were the qaiikelland chicfcflto be ufed, the longed of them being not above haife a foote long, of a colour faith he,as if unto milke lomeblackecolour, and a little blew were mixed together) fo differing as it may feeme from that we now fo call, that it hath caufed many to fay, that the true Cinamon is utterly loll,even as Opobalj'amem and Amomum was thought to be, and peradvemure all alike, for if it be granted that wee have Caflia,as many doe, then afluredly crue Cinamon will not be farre tolecke, for Cjalcn in the place before cited, ill the end of the faidnarraiionof Cinamon hath thefe words,' Vniverfa xtetem Cinamomi natHra,Jir/iiliscJl ejnodam- ciM „„ msdo optima CaJJis, that is Cinamon is in fome fort like unto Caflia : And therefore all that A/dimee hath faid, v,ut a «- feeming tohimfelfe to have faid fomething materiall, is little or nothing to any purpofe. Monardm alfo in the titMm. place before cited, mentior.eiha Wed Indian Cinamon which is onely a blackifh purple flat kind of frnite, like a peeccof filver, the Spaniard, call a ryall of eighr, or a'Dtttch Dollar, but higher in the middle and of that thickeneffe on the edges, and rough on the outfide and tafting like Cinamon, thepouther being ufed in meates and brothes, the tree being of a meane fze, with leaves like Bayes,and evergreenc, che leaves tading a little like the fruir.but no part of the tree elfe hiving any rade.The Cinamon tree is delcribed by Garcias to be as great as the Ollivc tree or fomewhat Idle, with many draight branches without knots, covered with a double batke like the Corkc.whole inner rinde is the Cinamon,and is fo barked every third yeare.and being cut into long peeces,as ifit were the bark of the whole tree,is cad on the ground,where in drying it is rouled together,as we lee it, A; is better or worfe,blacker r better coloured,as is faid before,or by the greater or Idler heat of the Sun, fomewhat more changed tthe leaves are of a frefh greene colour, and like unto thofe of the Citron tree (and not like the Flower- deluceleafe, as fome have fabuloudy written) or as Chriftofhonu a Cojla faith with three ribs, but Garcias difa- voweth it: the flowers are white, and the fruite blacke and round like Hafell NutsorfmallOllives, and not like Acornes, but the bed groweth in Zeilan with leaves like Willowes rather then Bayes, with fpreading branches and fruite like Bay berryes,whereof they make an oyle. Now concerning Caffu, whether it differ in genere or Tribs iy» Tbs Theater of TUnis. Cha P.,23, 1581 # r, ‘ f from Cinamon, called Canell infoma eountryes reflerh to be (hewed: both Garcias, and Mon cA fp :a , king of the W eft Indian commodites in the 2 5. Chapter of his Booke, fay that the tree is bat one that beaftth both thefe forts, and thatthe variety of places maketb the difference onely: but becauie ‘IhofcorideszvA theo- ther auncient Authours have not ondy made them as it were two kindes, but appointed them both to be put imp one medicine, efpecially Mitbridatum, and Jheriaca Andromachijind in the holy annoynting oyle in £». inthefe words, Caffia that groweth where Cinamon doth, isafhrab ofthree cu¬ bits high, but on the hills whofethicke branches have their barke more like unto leather, which muff be emoti- ed or hollowed in a contrary manner, unto that of Cinamon, for being cut into (tickes of two cubitslon", they are lowed into freffi beads skinnes, that the wormes may eaceout the wood, and leave the barke wholefbyrea- fonof the fharpenefle and bitternefle : thethtee forts of colour therein (heweth their "oodnefle that which is white for a foote high next to the ground istheworlf; the next thereunto for halfe afooteis reddifh, whichis next in goodntffe, from thence upward which is blackifh, and the belt, and is to be chofen freffi, ol a mild; lent and of a very ffiarpe tafte rather then biting, ofapurplifhtolour, light in weight, and with a fhorc pipe' not ealily broken.- Thus farre Pliny, which for the molt part he borroweth our of fbeophrafttir, M.g.ce. whe'rehe faith Caffia isa lhrub,like the Salix Amerina, which became it is hard to be barked, men have Invented the way bybeaflsskinnes.asis before faid out ofTTwy: Thebarkc bcingonely tobcufcd, which I rather thinke to be a fable of report then truch- the rcfl that followcth in Pliny, is out of Tbeopb aflni in his narration of Cinamon where Tb.-ophrafim maketh five forts, the lowed the word, becaufcit had lead barke, and the uppermoft the thicked as the bdlfwhich how likely it is that the barke of any ffirub or iree.fhould be thinned below.and thick- ed above,when as the contrary is alwayes feene in all iorts of trees, with us and others too 1 thinke”) Galen in acknowledging Cinamon to be a tree with fundty branches, faith he hath obferved noconely the branches of Ci- namon to be converted, and vert like thofe of Caflia, but thofe of Caffia alio to be in all parts like Cinamon and that whichbore the name alZigi, was fo like to Cinamon,that divers laid it for Cinamon, when it was but true Caflia. And againe faith that the junior Andromschm mentionetha kind of thicke groffe Caflia, which he called Cnjfa fifinla, becauie it was rouled together like a Pipe. Andtbetcforc Serapio, Aiken, and Mcfaes, in their compofitionsappointing Cajfiafilhelax.,, be ufed, which as Matthiol-M doubteth whether it were theif'owne or their transcribers fault, this Caflia is not tobe taken, but that which hath hard canes, andablacke pulpe, more fitly izxmzaCaJfiafolutiva or nigra, and which many yet doe ufe in dead hereof; but as Lcovkcrm, faith” their errour is too great to becxculed, that appoint the fhclsof thatC^j/j/«rii/«,t 0 beufedto move womens ccur- fes.tohelpe their hard travels in childbirth, and toexpcilthc lecondineor afterbirth. By all which that is now faid.you may fee plainely chat Caflia diff-rethnot much from Cinamon,and yet that is differing from it. Label m. ... veth us the figure of another fort of Caflia, which was as thick as ones thumb rugged & in taftefike unto the thick ta’oSr courfer fort of Cinamon. Having thus fhewed you the whole description of thefe things.and the various paffages~° = * ofthem,lct me alfo give you the Vetcuts which are thefe. Cinamon is hoc and dry in the fecond degree, of very fubtle parts,and very aromaticall, it is very cordiall, comforting the heart and flrengthening a wcake flomacke ealing the pames ofthe winde chollicke, efpecially the diflilled water of it,the (lopping of the urine and womens abounding courfes, it caulcth a good colour in the face, and a good lwcete breath, and rclideth the poylon of venemous creatures, it is much ufed alio in laskcs tobinde the body, the deftilled wacerismofleffrffuallina!! thele griefesjbuc the chy tnicall oyle thereofis much more hot and pierfing. I thinke it not amide in this place to make mention of fome other barkes of trees and roores, that have beene brought both out ofthe Eafl and Well Indies: The firll whereof called white Cinamon, bein" in long toules white both within and without, turned together like unto Cinamon, is thicke and more tough then^’ Cinamon, the tafle is fomewhac hot, and refemble Cloves rather then Cinamon both intake and fenr, being very aromaticall, yet leffe in each quality,then Cloves, fo that one would thinke he had fmelc and tailed weakc Cloves. Another fort rouled like Cinamon,not very thicke, which the “Dutch as Cfojj*rfaid££. Exit. 4. c.z. brought daCagd out of India, comming from the Moluccas and lava, and which he doubteth whether it be not the Caflia of the uteiuni ancients, ot fome ofthe lores whereof 'Dkfccrides maketh mention s fome of it was whicilh on the outfide, and a T° fome more brownc, like the worlrr fort of Cinamon,of no unplealanc cade, yecnotfo fliarpe as Cinamon”, and having a little clauuninefle in the chewing, the people ufe the poucher in their meates. Another Clnjiui maketh mention of in the fame Booke and third Chapter, which was a foote Ion" or more r 1 and three inches in circuite at the lower end, and two inches at the top, had the outer barke thinner, then the in - Mac* ner.for it had two, and was very rugged,fu!l of chinkcs and with fome holes, and fomettmes two at a place in a certaine order, all the length thereof but fet a chwarc thereon, u hich leemed to be the places where the leaves grew, both the barkes were of ane. cellent fweete and aromacicall lent and quicke taife efpecially the outer- mod. 1 cMonardM fpeaketh of a Canell of the new world, growing in Qjifo: the trees faith he that beareth this Ci¬ namon are of a meant bigneffe and ever greenefas moil of the Indian trees are; the leaves are like tothofe of the . Baytrce, the fruite is like unto a little hat,as broid asa Dollcr.or peecc of eight, and fometimes greater the brimaus being of their thickenelTe, and both infide and outfide iQ f a darke purplifh colour, fmooth within and T11111 tugged 1^82 Chap. 25* Tbeatrum Bctamcum, T r 1 B E "7u0ged"wiSout, the toppe beinghighe^and had aflalkewherebyicdidhang.and was fattened to the tree, this fru t was ta Re very like unto that of Cinamon, with fotne altriaton joyned thereto, and the pouther of them fire wed on their viands, was ufed for Cinamon, the barke of the tree was thicke, and had no taile or imtll of Cinamon, the fruite onely being of ufe.and good to comfort the heart and ftomacke,di(folve wtnde.mend a llm- king breath,procureth a good colour in the face,and to provoke womens courfes. Chap. XXIV. Coch'.m Indus. Cocculus Indi. Hefeberryes or round feed the Italians call Cocco ai Levante, and the French accordingly, they are of ablackifh afhcolour on the ontfide, having a white kernell within them of an hot taile, drawing v. ater into the mouth, and as it feemeth grow many together like Ivy berryes, yet each by it fclfe on aftalke, fome thinking them to grow upon a kinde of NightQiade, others on a kinde of Tithymall, orSpurge. Cafalpinw callcth them Gull* orientalti , others Bacca orU entitles. They are wholly fpent either to make baites to catch fifh, with other things for that putpofe, or the pou¬ ther ufed to kill lice and vermine in childrens heads. CqcuIhs Indus. Coculus indt. Ogsj|< Hrr; Chap, XXV; Cojliss. Coftus. ||j Hefe hither parts of Afia minor,vni Africa , befides all Europe as it is (uppofed for many ages of tftefe 1 b| later times, have wanted not onely theufe.but the knowledge of the true °f ony j™? 6 w] forts,that T> iofeorides mentioneth, efpecially Europe, and it was the Arabians that firu brought in the devilion thereof into fweete and bitter, when as rjeither ‘Diofctrides nor 'Thnj make any tnen ; Cofiut Indian CIjJ i}. CeftUmrfa/peciei. Divers forts of CoSes exhibited for Coflus: tton Tribe 17. The Theater of ( PlAnts. Chap,27« 1583 tion of bitterneffe, although Galen doth, but of fweeceneffe in tafte, none of themJlTbi TiSuariiTor^Iy] who is one of the later Greeke Writers: Garcias to excufe the Arabians, of this their dmfion of £ty?«f into d:,l. r«and Amarus faith, that it might be that while the CoJlrn was frefh it is white, and hath nobitterneffc in it, but growing old, it groweth blacke and gathereth fome bitterneffe to it, by the decaying, but the Apothecaries fhops, efpecially in Europe, Ihcw two forts, farre differing the one from the other, both in forme and fub- ftance. Of late dayes indeed they have becne more carefull and induilrious to know the right, ar.d to learch foe itandufeit, Ac Port ssgals therefore from the Indies broughtin one fort, which as Garcias laith was onely u'ed there and no other, but as noteth it in his Scholia thereon, this being a fcrulous fpongy fialke, with the toppe onely of the roote to it, differctn from thofe of Eliofcorides and Pliny, the one intimating it to be a roote, by faying it was ufed tobe adulterated or falfefyed by obtruding the rootes of He/emium Comaker,ium for it.vAich were neither very hot,nor very fweete in lent, and Pliny faying plainely it is a roote: bttr there hath beetle ■. y lately brought unto us a fort ofroote called Coftm, and taken by many tobe the Syrian", yet fome thinke it to be the Ambient of Diofcorides, being fomewhat yellowifh on the outfide, and white within.fmelling and tafting fomewhat fweetc like Orris, which therefore I judge cannot be right, which as Pliny fifth is very hnr in taRe and very fweete infent, and GV«r giveth it fuch a degree ofheate, befidesthe bitterneffe, that it will exulcerate the skinne: many therefore have fubflituted Zedoarsa in the want thereof, which is the beR fubftitutiot hs: can be,agreeing both in forme and degree, molt ofall thereunto; and therefore divers have contended that it was the true Coftfit, but in regard Zedoarta hath more bitterneffe and leffe (weeteneffe therein, it cannot bzC.ofiuc, yet may be admitted as the fubRitute thereof, but omne fimilc non eft idem: Some againe hold Angelica to be the blacke or Indian Coflw, but being a homebred plant fo.it cannot be.and befides hath no fuch bitterneffe and fharpe- neffe therein.asGa/rvgiveth to Coitus. The Arabians call it Cofi or Cafi, thofe of Surrat Vplot, and jn Malacca where they much ufe it Pucho. The Vertues hereof as THofcotides hath fet them downe of the true Coftue, (which as is bcfoi efaid is doubtfull whether we have or no) are thefe, It provoketh urine and womens courles* and helpeth the dileafes ofthe mother, as well by bathing as fuming: two ounces thereof being dt nnke, helpeth thcbitingofvipers, and is good againR the paines of the breft, convulfions,or thG windy flitches, fwellingsor puffings in the ftomackejfidcs or body, being taken with wormewood in wine,and being taken with lwect wine it provoketh Vencry, it killeth the broad wormes of the belly: it is ufed with oyle to annoynt the body, before the cold fir of agues to warme it, and thereby to expell it, asalfoagainfltheweakeneffeofthe finewes, and the hip-goute.and amendeth the difcolouring or blemifhes of the skinne and face 5 ufing it with hony and water,and as Calm addeth by reafon of the light bitternefle,and much fharpeneffe and heate,it will exulcerate. Chap. XXVI. Cubeba, Cubebs, Vbcbs are (mall berries fomewhat fweete,no bigger then Pepper comes,but more rugged or crefted not foblackenorfolid, being either hollo w or withakernellwithinit,ofa hot glowing tafle, noc fierce as Pepper ,and having each a fmall (hort ftalke at them like a taile, and therein very like’roa kind of Pepper, was for a while wont to be brought to us,which the Portugal, called Pimenta del rabe,Piper caudatum, Pepper with a taile,and was forbidden by the King of Portugal! to be brought any more lealf it Ihould fpoyle the file of the other Pepper : this faith Garcias groweth on trees leffe then Apple trees, with leaves thereon narrower then thofe of Pepper running on trees like Ivy, or rather like Pepper,butnotlikeuntoH*/c««, cailed Alyrtus fylvcflrii, as Matthiolus Silvaticut thought, as Serapio fet it downe butfalfely: the flower is fweete, and the fruite groweth cluflringtogcthct,yctnotinbunches asGrapcs, but more feparate. Cefalpinus tookethem to be Amomum , many o- thersout of Aviccn and other Authours, tooke them tobe the Carpefiam of Galen, and fome to be the feed of Zitex ot Agnus Caftuc. The Arabians call them Qytabebe, and Quabebechini, but in Java where they grow plentifully enough, and are there of fo great account, that it is laid, they boyle them in water before they part with them, fearing they might be fowne and grow in fome other place and ufethemmuchtoftirreupVenery, and to warme and ftrengthen the Romacke overcome with flegme or winde.and doe purge the breft of thicke tough humours,hclpe the fpleene, diffolve wind and are very profitable forthecoldgriefesofthewombe: being longchewcd with MaRicke they draw much flegme and rheumc from the head, and flrengthen the braine or memory. Cubcba. Cubebs. Chap. XXVII. Curcama, Turmericke. ,T Is very likely that Turmericke is Diofcorides his Cyptrus Ir.dicsu, which he faith hath a rooie like Ginger,giving a yellow colour like Saffron, being bitter in tafle, and a prefent helpe to take away haire .- all which notes agree notably hereunto, the roote being much liker to Ginger then unto any kindeofCypcrus, and therefore we may marveile the more why Diofcorides fhould referre it to CyperusjUnleffehehadunderRood of thole that had feene it, thititdidgrow like unto aCyperus, and is very yellow both within and without, bitter in tafle, and may ferve for the haire,as it is fpecified, although peradventure the force is halfe loft by the long carriage, but this is not the Curcuma of Scrapie or Aviccn ,as Mat- Tttttt * thiolut 8a Ch.af.q8, c Iheatrum c Bctanicum. Tribe 17 tbio/iu hath well noted, which is no other then the greater Celandine, whofe roote is yellow, and therefore the Apothecaries in former times tooke it for Curcuma, and put it into the compofition called ‘Diacurcuma. Cantu and Chriflophorui a Cofla call kCracus Indicm, and fay that the Indians call it Alad, and CManjatt, the A- r.titans Hr bet and Curcum, the 7 »rsofter,do, with this Galanga : others deny our Calamus j n the Auothecaries ? l Scorns ,Which Mauhohso, Cluftm and others have moll evidently maintained,and^as I have fhew P /d K r' the ' rue end of the fitfl Claflis of this Worke. Some alfo have fetdowne in their writings that CatlZ f b .f° rC In tile ’ Schanambo ,,but I may fay onarrafto oft confutajfo. The leffer Ga/anga is both of more ufe, and ofgVetf " °[ indeed is to be ufed onely in all the compofitions wherein CjaUngo is appointed, and is very prS f a ' 3nd cold and weake ftomackes, and in the griping pames of the belly by winde, the difeafes ofthc mo he a § d fl” C ° Galanga major & minor. The greater and leffer Galanga Galanga major advivumut fartur. The Plant of Galanga as it groweth. II in A'rll ill 0s Ut .if.: Il Il'lKti 'frail 1 :! , ! ! : *3 I 111 II ' / h . 7f f| f;4 lil ■ft V',:: J 5 86 . a A F^O c lbeatrttm B ctantcim . 1 r fb a iy. pin;* of ui ;• £,i:i which difesfeichftha mervailous fpeedy operation,toclenfe theutitories hom (limy flcgrreand iiones gatheted in them, or the paffages in thcnecke of the yard,as alfo to walfcar.dconfumeaway flcfhy excref- :eiH j in theneckeolthe bladder or yard : it alfo caufetha fwcet breath, being fometiines chewed in the mouth, and helpeth a cold moift braine: it heipeth the trembling of tha heart,and the wind chollicke. Chap. XXX. Cjummi Elemi. Gum Elemnt, His Gum being notmentioned with the former bccaufe we have not as yet attained the knowledge of the tree, from whence this Gum Elemni is taken; I referved for this placet for although feme have taken itrobetheliquourorgumthatfloweih out of the wild Ethiopian Ollive tree, yet it is moflcertaine it cannot be it, for ic is laid that the gum of the Ollives will not burnelike Roflin,nor melt with the hcate offire, as the Gum Elcmni will doe, which is a yellow ifh kinde of Gum,clecre and tranfparent, which being broken (heweth more white and gummy within, quickely taking i ■ e. h burning and melting thereat, of a little quicke fentand tabs. It is of cfpeciall ufe in all wounds and trn' the head and skull, to be mixed with the Balfamcs and oyntmentsufed for that purpole : it is alfo often men u the tooth ache, when the piines come by the defluxion of rheume into them, to lay a plaifter thereof on thetem- ples as they doe with Mafticke. Chap. XX X.I, Guajacum five Lignum Snnttum . Lignum Vite. [I He Lignum vite that groweth in fome parts of the Ind ies, is much better then in others, yet is the I wood of all,hard,firme.clofe and heavy, fo that it wiUfmckein water more then Ebony and not I fwim, of an hot fharpeandrefinous tafie, fome what burning in the throate: the blacker or 1 brownei is better then the yellow, being in a manner all heart, the yellow being as it were but I the fappe: The tree groweth great with a reafonable thicke grecnifh gummy barke, fpread l with fundryarmes and branches both gr«t and fmall, and on them winged leaves let bycou- Guajacun five Ugnnm/iadnw, Lilnum Vite. Guaiato OccUitofimitis arbor- A Weft Indian tree like Gaajacuai, Tk. ! b s 17, The 'Theater of E/ants. Cka f,%2, 15? pies one againft another, which are but fmall thicke, hard, and aimoft round, with divers veines in them,abiding ever grcenc on the branches: a: the j'oynts and ends of the branches come forth many flowers, handing in a tuft together, every one on a long footcftalke confifting of fixewhitifh yellow leaves, nor very great with Tome threds in the middle, which afeerwards turne into Hat yellowiih griftty fruite, of the falhion of the feed vefl'el! of a Thlafpi or Bur fa pafloris, that is, with two divilions, and in the one fide a hard griftly feed, as hard as an home aimoft, the other being for the mod part empty , hanging downe together by their long foote- ftalkes : it yeeldcch forth alfoa gumme or Roflin, of a darkc colour, which will eafily burnej it grow¬ th in fundry places of the Weft Indies, where they call it Guayacan, and wee in Latine thereafter Gua- jacum^y fome Lignum Santtum, and Lignum Indicum , and taken by fome to be a kinde of Ebony, for the firme* nefleand weightinefle, others a kind of Boxc. But asl have faid heretofore in fundry places ofthisWorke, moft of the Trees and Herbcs that grow in the Indies are differing from thofe that grow in Europe. Guajaco Occiduo fimiluarbor , A Weft Indian tree like Guajacum, 1 he branch of this tree I have hrre exhibited unto you, as Lob el hath fet it forth before, not having had the like brought fince his dayes that I know,which fhewethamure fupine negligence in all our Sea men, then here* tofore wasuluall. which he hath deferibed in this manner. The tree is great from whence this was'taken,grow¬ ing upright, whofebatke was like unto that of thetr.ee : the greeneleafe, of the forme of a Pomcciiron leafe, but thicke and fmooth like unto the Bay, but larger and fhorter, with fundry veinesjrunning therethrough, at the toppes of whofe branches grow cod«, of a leather like fubftance, and round forme in a manner flat like a peece ofmony, in whofe middle is contained flattifh feed, like unto a Lenti’l, both for colour and forme, and bitterifli tafte. Palum SanPUm India Occidua. A differing Indian Guajacum. Lobel hath remembred this alfo in his ssddverfaria after this fafhion : Divers have thought this to be a Palme like the laft, or Pains Sa»ttus t a ftake of fuch a holy trte, which yet is differing from it or (juajacum t ho whoe¬ ver it wa9 fo fignified .* for the tree is not very great like unto an Alh, but fmaller, and the barke much like it in colour: the leaves were like Plaincaine leaves buc thicker, fat ter,fmaller and fhorter : the fruite was of the b:g- neffe of a Wallnutjwhich ferved them to purge their bodies, The difeafes for which the ufuall Guajacum L appointed, that is,both the wood, the barke and gum, are fun¬ dry, helping all cold flegmaticke and windy humours,and although they are good, and with effeft ufed fortl- pilepfies or the falling ficknefle, catarrhes,rheumes and cold defoliations on the lungs, or other parts, coughes alio and confumptions, the gout and all other j'oynt aches, and many other the like difeafes, and to maketho reeth white and firme, if they be often wafhed with the decoction thereof: yet was it firlt onely ufed for the Frtnchdilezlcy as we and the Spaniards call it, the Nexpolitanc as the French call it. the Spanijh pippe as the 6^- mans call it, but as it is indeed the Indian contagion:for when Cbriftopbortu C°^ on ^s commonly called Columbus , firft opened the Weft Indies to the Spaniards , they companying with the Indian women, got this their familiar andnaturall country difeafe from them, and brought it with them from Sarto Doningo, being the firft place the J^i.W/pofTeflcdchcre^nto the King of Spaines czmpe, which was then at Naples, treating of a peace with the French King, in Anno 149;, bringing of the Natives with them, both men and women: The Phyfitions in thofe times not knowing this difeafe or the caufes thereof were of divers opinions, fome taking ittopro.ecd from the corrupt vi&ailes that the fouldiers were forced to eate, which bred melancholickc and adult blood, and humours, others to the conj’unftion of Saturne and Mars, and thereupon (not knowing it to be a new difeafe) they called it by divers names, as the Leprofie,thc running lcabbe,thc poxe and the like, referring it to fome of the ancient knowne difeafes, but all in vaine : the cure hereof by this wood, firft was knowne from whence it firft fprungt for a Spaniard being plagued with this difeafe, having an Indian that played the Leech, to be his fervant, was cured thereof by drinking the deco&ion of the wood given him by the Indian, which cure was prefenrly divulged, not onely to the raft of the Spaniards in the Indies, buc in Spaine alfo, and fo coafequendy to the whole world. Chap. XXXII. Hcrmodattj fui. HcrmoJadtiles. B Ermoda&ilesaretobe numbredamongthe unknowneDrugges, the fhameof the Phyfitions in all ages and countries,wIio (although they put of the matter to the Apothecaries, and the A potheca- ries to the Merchants that bring many fackes full into their Countries with other commodities, buc they alfo take no further care to know what they are, or where or how they grow to declare it) fhould be skillfull in the knowledge of all Plants, and fhould give order that the unknownc might be made more manifeft; but what doe I in fo faying ? runne my Barke on the Rcckcs and put her in danger of fplitting. Divers of the later Writers,as well Greekes, as Arabians and I.atincs have made menti* onofehe Hermoda&ile, (although none of the Ancients) and have let downe the properties, well knowne by ex¬ perience unto them, buc no one hath ever declared cither the place or manner of the growing thereof] but onely Mcfues , who maketh a flicw of defeription, which is aimoft as good as nothing, laying it is a rooce of a mourn taineherbe, whereof fome are long like a finger, and are round, white both within and without, which every one may fee by the fight, but that any fhould be long like a finger,is but rather his fuppofidon from the name,then that he ever fa wfuch indeed, and therefore divers have imagined diverfly, fome taking them to be therooces of Colcbicumy buc they arc dangerous if not deadly, befides die unlikenefl'e in forme, colour and fubftance.- o- therstake the Dens Canbvu to be they, but they are more unlikely, for they arc fmall and long, not thicke and fliort.as the Hermoda&ilcs are; befides the quality no way agreeih, therewith Adatthiolus firft tooke the Orchis Seraplas 3 called Palma Cbrijli, the handed tefticle to be they, bccaufe the word--f/Waw'*©- fignifieth Hermetn or Uerm'i daftylas, Hermes fingers, and thefe rootes being like the fingers of ones hand,may weft be fo called,buc having Theatrunt ‘Botanicam 1^.8 Chap. 33, Tribe vj » having Imnleire relufed this errour, he tell into another as bad, taking iris tuberofa, the Velvet Flowerdeluce to be HcrmodaHsles, for the iamecaule chat che rootes thereof runne out like fingers, which are fuch filly opinions that he may juttly be beaten with his ownerod, that is,be taxed as hedoth others, that in referring Plants doe not examine and well perpend each part, rather then any one, before they determine of any thing s for Hermo- dadile- >no:withftandingthe Etimology of the word,havcno (hew or likeneffe of fingers, but are fmail and fomewhat flat, thicke and fhort white rootes, yet fome areblackifh which are not good, of the fatbion almoft of an heart, as it is painted on the Gardes, of lubllance firme, yet (oft and eafie to be cut or made into pouther, and ot little or no tafie, butdrying, Mailer Finch our London Merchant washerun deceived, by taking the ker¬ nels ofthe Ti-ifo/M) aquation Water Caltroppe, for Hermodaftiles as Ithinke, as Ihave flrewedyou in that Chapter: Yet I would we might be better informed of the truth herein, that if any can finde that bigger fruite, growingin any ofthe ponds or waters in our Land or elfewhere, by breaking the wooddy (hells of them, and comparing the kernells with our Hermodaffiles in (hops, that fo thereby we be fully allured ofthe truth hereof. Jt is mod cft.ftuall in purging flegmaticke, (limy, and watery humours from the joynts, and therefore conduceth tohelpethe gout and other running joynt aches, it is al(o of truth ufe with other things for dyetdrinkes, chat are made of Gssajacam, Sarfa and the like.and to very good purpofc. Chap. XXXIII. Lacca. Gum Lake. Acca is no gumme didilling out of trees as other gummes doe, although it will melt with heat and burre withfirc as they will, but is acertaine peculiar matter, elaborate and wrought by cercainc greatwing- ed Ants tbatbreed in theground, and lucking out from great trees ofdivers forts but efpecially from that which is called Mala Iadica , hereafter let do wne, from which they take the fubdance of what they Work,about the (mailer branches fas Bees doe their hony and hony combes)and make this L, icca ,which is a darke red lubflancc, fcmewhattranfpsrenr, fomewhat like, bat harder then any Gumme, which being chewed will make the fpicclelboke red, andisfirll wrought on (lickes by the Natives of the Countries (the Ants Imeane) then melted being clecred from the [lickes,and the winges of the Ants,and made into cakes or thin pceces.which are fo brought tous as well as on the (lickes, andisthe originall of the hard waxe, wherewith Letters areiea- ledby the hclpeof a candle, whole colloures of red, grecne, yellow or blacke, are added in the new melting of itagaine, and making into fuch roulcs as we buy it tofpend, but fome to adulterate it, and make it cheaper, put ufually waxe into it, which maketh it fofter and runne quicker: it is called as garcias faith by the Indians in ‘ 7 ’f(r»,and Atartaban, wheic thebell is made, Free, burelfewhere generally by the Arabians,?erftaw, and Lacca. GumLackc. Indians Luc, and Lot Sut/iutri, as though it were made in Sumatra, but that faith he is not fo, foritis butimported thither, and exported againe into other Countries. Great controverlies are extant about this Lucca, whether it fhculd be the Cancamum of D isles- rid:s or no,for the name of Lacca was neither knowne to him, nor any ofthe Cjrtcians or Latines, nor yet to Pasilw sueta, a later Greeks writer, or in the age wherein he lived, as Scaligcr fetteth itdowneiu his notes upon Carrom, alchougb Avicen and Serapso feenie to cite Passim to be of that opinion : but Garcias iaith that neither Avicra nor Scrapie knew Lacca, be- caufe they make it to be like Myrrhe, and that it is fweete f as ‘Viofccridcs faith Cancamssm is) and there¬ fore ufed as a perfume, both which properties are wanting in Lacca ,and further faith Avicen,tbit it hith feme properties of Carabe Amber, although unlike it lit fubdance, and yet Carabe is knowne to be drying and binding, and Lacca is an opener of ohflruftions: And againe he faith that Lsccst falleth from the aire, upon Service trees, when as neither any Service nor Medier trees grow in India as Garcias faith.and that it is the gumme ofa tree growing in Arabia, and that it is brought from Armenia, which things if they be true concerning Cancamum, they are not (o for Lacca, for fo they fry it is the Cancamum oi Diofcorides, and from their opinions have the fucceeding ages beene led to hold the fame errour for the mod part: for the Monkes that commented upon Alefttes, fubdituted Sanguis draconic for Cancamum, whom Matthiolm confuteth diffidently : Some againe tooke'Benzoin to be Caucamsim, which is aserroniousas any : Am.itru Lufuaum^nd Garcias doe both agree, that the true Cancamum is the Gum Anrne, called by fome Anijmum, efpecially that fort that iswhitilh and cleere,like unto white Amber.for there are three forts brought from Gimy,mi thofe parts by the Portugals s The fecond fort is blackifh, fomewhat like unto Co- lophonj, which Amatus taketh to be the ALj> rhx Amissea of Diofcorides. The third fort is yellowifh and dry like RolTin, but all fmdl fweet being burned,and are good againd cold griefes. The Lacke or Laake,which is a colour for Painters, is made ofBraffill or other dying (Iuffes,& hath in former times been put very ignorantly by (bine A- poihccariesinto the compofition called Dialacca, but that error is well reformed fince the true Lacca was brought and made knowne to them. Lacca is hot in thefecond degree,it drengthe-cth both the domacke and liver,and freeth them from obdruflions,and diffolveth the hardneffeof the Liver, hel ..h the yellow' jaundifeanddriveth forth lf!f< lifer" 1 ” i* I BE 17. The Theater of Plants. Chap,^. forth the watery humours of t!iedropfie,provoketh urine 2nd helpeth co breake the (lone both in the kidneyes and bladder, turners may herewith (et a firme and dainty red colour into their Workes,by holding it thereto in the turning, Chap. XXXIV. Lapu Bezar. The Bezar done. H He Bezar (lone that is now frequent with us, but not that mineral! Bezar (lone of Serapio , and the ■tril nrhpr Tralii in. urhfilf* Unn\A/IP(1P'C is nfliw miirp . ic nf frt hinh ..... «r - »SF* ■■fegl Other Arabian , whole knowledge is now quite loft, is of fo high efteeme,even next unto Vnicornes ‘ home, and of fo much and excellent ule in Phylickethat I could not leave it out from the number of thole efpeciall drugges we have for ufe in our Ihoppes. There are two forts thereof to be had the one brought from the Eait, the other from the Well Indies, and knownc by the (overall names of their Countries: the Eaft Indie Beztr is the beft.bothiueftimationandnfejandcommethtousinfundry formes, and oflundryfizes, for lome are great,and thole are for Princes and great perfons, bccaufe they are not onelv more rare to be found, but thought to be of the more efficacy, and therefore as Diamonds,Pearler,&c. the price of them rileth according to their greatneffe, Garcim faith he had one weighing almoft five drammes.’as if it were' rare to have one o( that bigneffe, but 1 have fccne fome that have weighed above foure ounces, and fome much more ( burlamin doubt that they were counterfeit, and made fo great by art, that they might be of the more efteeme, for I accounro the fmall ones or thofe of a meane fize to be the trued and beft,if any be) fome are round others long or fomewhat flat, yet allofthcm for them .ft part of one colour, that is of a darke alh-colour or greene darke Ollive colour, and Imooth (liming, (as if they were made out of one made offtuffc and pollifhed ) with f undry coates, feales or fouldes like Onions, fome more, fome leffe,according to the greatneffe of the hone and the feales thicker or thinner alfo thereafter, hiving in fome a draw or peece of haire wrapped clofe toge¬ ther, or a little pouther in the middle whereabouts the done is formed, and is accounted the belt and truefto- tbers have fmall Hones of fruites.or other things in the middle of them, which are net thought fogood, but ra¬ ther counterfeited, being of a firme fubftance being broken, I meane the feales: the bell is gritty, and’ ealieto bebruifed into pouther, and as fome fay diffolving in water, ifirlye long therein (whichl amin doubt isa figne of impofture) and is infipide without ’ ® Lapis Be\ar cuts ttngula cornuario midis. Tlic Bezar ft one with die hoofe and home of the beaft „ any talle at all. The Welt Indie Bezar is likew ife of divers formes,fizes, and colours, fome having feales thicker or thinner, and fome none, with either pouther or peece of a roote.or fome o- ther thing in the middle of the ftone, but is of nothing that account with us as the Eaft Indian Bezar is, although fome thinke they are taken from one kind of beaft,and as Ioftut Fernu faith in his Bookeof fecrets. Printed in the It (titan tongue, (on whofe relations concerning thefe beafts, and the Bezar taken from them, Baptifia Cortefius t bath commented in his eighth decade Mifcelaneorum me foe indium. ) there arefix forts of thefe beafts,in the Weft Indies in whom they breed, but that thofe onely are of mod vertue that are taken from thofe beafts that live on the hils and mountaines, and feed on the more vercuatl herbes there growing, and namely Contrayerva as the Spaniards call it, which maketh theftone to be the moreeffc&uall (for as F err us faith,fome of the roote hath becne found in the middle of the ftone,) they for the mod part grow in the Plaines and Champion grounds: the beaft as Monardm deferibeth it,be¬ ing but one of the fixe forts, is almoft asbiggeasa ftagge, and of the like quickneffe and agility, but bodyed like a Goate, with homes turned backe- wards (the figure whereof as Clufius was informed, he hath fet forth with the forme of an hoofe, as it is in his Scholia upon Garcias , and I here exhibite their formes unto you with the ftones ) and therefore the Natives call them mountaine Goatcs (ye fhall have Fcrrtu his foil relation of them all, in another worke hereafter ) but more properly peradventure as Clufius faith, Rapi capra Rockc Goatcs* (but Petrus de Ofma in his Letter to CMonardus deferibing that beaft or Goate, which onely as he faith breedeth in the MountainesofPrr#, and in no other Countryes in thofe Indies befide, and out of which they gathered their Bern 159 0 >% 6 , Tbeatrum Botankum. Tribe i7 Bezir, laid that they hadnohornes) and are of areddilTi browne colcur for the mod part, fo fwiftof fooretbat they were onely to be caught when they were killed or fhot with their Mufquets, the (hones grow as he faith thcre 3 in accrtaine parte or skinnem the maw of the beaft, wherein the wholefome herbes that they cate are received and kept, until! by rum-natisn and chewing them anew, they paffc them into their bodies, and faith moreover, that the hones that breeds in the beads that feed on the mouncaincs, areofmuch more vercuethen of thole that feed on the plainest tlufe of the Eaft Indies as Garc'uu faith are h»d from CMaUcca, and divers other placcs,as well as Perjia, but none are like in goodneffc unto thofe that are brought from Perlia: The Moores he faith are fo excellent in the knowledge of them, that by fight they can tell of what Country breeding they be andwherhertheybecounterfetorno, by crulhmg them in their hand a while, and then breath on them, and sf any v. ind palTe through them they pronounce them falfe The ftone is called as Garciae iaith Pazar by the A- ™ t& *‘ a ?. d bom P*f«« which i fjgnificth aGoate, but we call it corruptly Bezar, and the Indians !»««• (but Scaltger correfteth this ei rour in him, and flieweth that the Arabian, unanimouflycall it BaUabar, that is Alex.pharmacuw, for they tooke the word from the Ptrfian word Bedezahar, bccaufe it refineth poyfon and we thereupon cioe call all thofe things Bewdica that arc refifters of poyfon, as Antidotes and the like. But ths ancient Arabians hadaminerall Btzarof divers colours,'which they celebrated to be of as great or greater effi- cacy then this ftone, the true knowledge whereof as I thinke is either utterly loft, or as Monarch* faith of his owne experience of no worth. 1 his Bezat ftone is not onely ufcdagainft poyfons and venomes but aoainft the pcftilence, and contagious dtlealcs, in malignant leavers alfo, and in many othei difeafes to provoke fweate and thereby to ejtpcll evill vapours from the heart and vitall fpirits, and for fwounings, and again!! melancholly aifo and thedilcafes that rtfe from thence, and to preferveftrength and youth, by tilting it foure or five dayes toge- ther, ten grames or leffe at a time, after the evacuation of thebody: the'pouthet thereof put on the place that is bitten by any yenemous creature, doth free them from danger of death, and likewife put into a plague (ore that is opened, it doth the like, Menordm hath (et downe many experiments of the Bezar ftone, upon fundry and fe- veral! perfons mfefted with fundry difeaics, as who will may read them at length in that treatife which he wrote concerning this Bezar, and the herbe Scorfonera : but efpecially againft poyion or venome . and citing the tefti- monyof Rabbi C Mofcs v&yptM,, faith, thefe three are by experience the mod effeftuaU in the world there¬ fore, that is the feed ofthe Citron fruite. the Smaradgc or Emerald ftone, andthisBezar ftone. Thefe terti- monie, I ihinke are lufficienc to evince that opinion is held by many that there is no vertue, or at lead no fuch ver- tue in the Bezar ftone as it is related, which they thinke by fome tryall that they have made thereof, and not an¬ swering their expeftanon doth ednfirme them the more in that opinion •• but if they have orderly proceeded and needfully obferved.not for one but many times,and in many perlons.and have been (are of right and good (tones that they have given,and yet have done no good, I would rather fiy there is fome deleft in the confticution of o uc ’ bodies, by the moiitwre,uCc. or our climate,then ditable the vcricy of fuch reports of famous and worthy men. Chap. XXXV. Liquid ambar. Liquid amberi Iquid Amber is a thicke Rolfinlike Gumme, dropping of it owne accord oncly by incifion from certainc huge great trees in the Weft Indies that are full of branches, covered with a thicke a(h- coloured barke,hav.ng leaves like unto Ivy leaves, which gum me is of a very ftrong fwcet fent fomewhat like unto Scerax liqutda, and may wellbe ufed inftead thereof, but there is another courferfort, made by boyling the branches, andfeumming ofthe uppermoft fatncflethatis"a- theted there, which is thought tobe that Sterax liquid*, that is ulu.ally fold in the Dru”gifts a°nd Apothecaries (bops: out ofthe firftfort while it is frelh and laid in the Sunnc, theredroppeth a certame cleare redd.lh yellow oyle, called the oyle of Liquid Amber, and of fome that know no other, Liquid Amber itfelfe- which becanfe it is the purer part is more effeftuall and ofthe milder lent,fome ufing it with other fweetes to perl fume gloves wnhall.but is ot Angular good ule,cither of it felfe or mixed with other chings.to comfort and warme a cold moift braine, uled like unto an oyntment, and eafeth all paines and griefes that rile of acoldcaufe being applyed thereto; it wonderfully comforteth and ftrengthnetha weake ftomacke, helping digeftion and pro“ curing an appetite, but more efteflually if it be mixed with fome Sttrax, and a little Muske.and Amber.and laid as a plainer to the ftomacke : it Iikewile is profitable in all cold griefes ofthe mother, warming mollefyin" and diffolving all tumours, and opening the obftruftions and the courfes that are (lopped, it is hot altnolt in thertiird degree,and moift in the fitft. Chap. XXX VI. GAUccr grscorum. The Grecians Maecr. Any taking Maar tobe Mach, and both one thing,have erred egregioudy for of Maecr, Diofctri- aes,Galen, and Puny, nave written and fliewed the faculties; but of Mick, which is one of th» batkes or coverings of the fruite of the Nutmegge tree, they have not made any mention, being a thing utterly unknowne unto them, for if they had knowne it, they mull needes have heard and knowne of the Nut or Nutmegge,' whole covering it is; but Mater is as they all lay, a yellow- lfh barke which mull needes be underftood of fome tree, Galen faith that Maccr is of a cold and earthly effence, and but little hot: but MacU is of much heate and no cold. And Plini faith plaincly that it is the barke of a great route,and Aviccn and Scrapie, both knew the difference, and entreate of them diftinftlv in feverall Chapters,calling this Thalifofar. This Maccr being called OUacre by the Indians as Acofia faith, is a vafte antj ThsTbcattr of‘Plants. Tribe ij. CHAF.37. 1591 and large fpread tree,(the barks onelyof whole rootes they ule) greater then any Elmc, whole leaves are fixe or Icven inches long,and two inches broad, ofapalegreenecolourontheupperfide,and deeper greene on the un- derfide, bearing a fmall yellow fruite no bigger then a penny, heart falhion, tailing like an Allmond or Peach kernell, covered with adouble thin tranlparentskin likeabladdcr, clofe j'oyned together, and growing out of themiddleofaleafe, which is as bigge r.s the reft on thetree, butthacitis a little rounder pointed, and nar¬ rower towards theftalke, being ofaco'.ourbetweeneredand yellow, and crumpled with divers veines therein, and like unto the bladders ol the Elmetree leaves.- every pare of this tiee giveth milke as the Mulberry tree doth, and hath very great and faire fpread rootes like thel/e.vor Evcrgtetne Oke, covered with a thickc, ruegedand hard barkeofanalh colour on the outfide, and whire within, lull of milke while it is frclh, but turning s ellow- ilh when it is dryed, very aftringent ar.da littleHiarpeor biting withail,which vanilhethquickely: itloveth to grow in moiftfandy grounds, and killech all the hetbes that would grow about it, and is found in ACalabar Cochin. Crangar.or, and many other places and Iflands in the Eaftlndics; t!’,c Portugals call it Arbor e del.es Ca- merM, and fome Adore de SanBo Thome, and Mncruyre. Thebarke ofthe roote is"ufcd much in all the Hofpi- talls, and of great account with the Indians to cure laskes and fluxesof che belly, or blood, and give it either in pouthermixed withfome fowremilke.orfleepediuwhey all night and taken in the morning, and fometimes if it be needlull as Acofla faith, they put fome Opium to it to make the medicine the ftronger, and the Arabians put both Opium and Nutmegs to it and fo cure thcmithe faid barke alfo Ifayeth vomitings or callings,and ftrengthneth the wcake ftomacke. Chap. XXXVII. Mannagranata & liqaida, Manna in hard graines and liquid or thin, Anna is &fcwo (undry forts, the one hard and in pecces,either grearcr or leffer, the other liquid or thin like the thinner or at lead leffe thickc hony, yet fome have thought that the Manna tbttrU was that Manna that wasufed in (hops, but Monaricu in one of his Epilties confuteth that errour, {hew¬ ing that it is but the fmall pecces and dull of the Tfau or OWudxot, that became fobythe bruiling and rubbing of one peece againft another in the carriage. Of the dryer or hard iort there is fome diverfity forthat which is gathered in Arabia differeth from that in Perfia, and cailed Tranfihibil, being in fmall graines fomewhat like unto Coriander feed, and is gathered as Pamvclfns faith, from thofe trees the Arabians call Agull or Alhaoi, Another fort is reddilh and gathered from herbes and plants. T^hat of Tcrfiais called -Vircafi, that is, Lacarbi. r»w»,the milke of trees and is white like that of Calabria, whereoffomeisasfinall as Hempefecd, others as big as Allmond Comfits, yet Gam* faith that che liquid fort is fo called by them. Another fort is gathered in Ar- menia, in great lumpcs as Rauwjficu faith of a browniih colour. Another fort is affirmed by Aphrodifem, cited by Armmiaca, Niger, that failing as an honie dew on mount Libansu in Syria, is by the heat of the Sunne congealed into a hard Sugar which the Inhabitants call Sacchar, from whence came the I.atine word Saccharum. All thefc forts ate re- Syriac 1, corded by fundry Authours, fome contrarying one another as is aforefaid, andmightbe much more amplyfied, if this place were fit for it, and therefore as I cake.it I have taken the truer reports: but whereas fome have thought that fome of thefe fmaller white forts might be the Manna of the lfraelites wherewith they were fed, and therefore called bread, and that from heaven, yea Angels food, not chat Angels feed thereon, bnc WT * cfy*’,pcT excellentinm,che choyfelt and chiefeft,for forty ycares together in the wilderneffe of Sinai and Ara¬ bia, it (hewerh that luch have had little converfation with the holy Scriptures, as a learning not fit for them to underftand, which is flat againft luch conceites divers wayce. Firft that this of theirs had no purging, but a nutri¬ tive quality.- fccondly it was not fo Sugar lweete as ours in tafte: thirdly itfell noton certaine dayes, thatison their Sabbaths, although it did all the weeke after: fourthly it fell all the yeare long, and not the Summer onely as our Manna doth: fifthly it vanifhed away as foone as the Sunne grew hot upon it,but oursiscondenlate there¬ by: fixthly it would putrefie if it were kept but two dayes except the Sabbath : And laftly as icis in Jofhua, the 5,Chapter, and 22. verfe. 1 hat Manna ceafed to fall any more, after they had eaten thecorne of the Land, which was the morrow after the Paffeover, whereby you may fie how vaine the conceices,and long altercations of men are, aboutthofe things whereof they are ignoraYir, or not lufficiencly inltrafted : this isbut obiter, and therefore to proceed. In Europe we have Manna, and called CaUbrina, as being thought not to be found in any Country befides, bur both Matthiolus and Bcllonius, and fome others alfo doe ceftifie there againft, upon their owne fight and knowledge, as Matthiolws that in Goritenfi, and Tridentino a^rU, hee gathered it himlelfeand Belltmim in TSrianfon, and others in other places, but there is a great controverlie and contenGon amongft many learned men: firft whether it be onely a dew ofheavencondenfate by the cold of thenight, or whether it be as agummcilTuingfrom rrees, being inched or wounded as other trees are that yccld gummss: The Monckes thac commented on Adefaei, and to likewife divers others were confident that it ilTued from wounded trees like gnmmc, and was no dew from heaven, for proofe whereof they aliedge that the trees being overfpread or co¬ vered with anycloath or the like, there would not be found in the morning that any dew had falne thereon,and yet the trees yeelded the Manna, which UWatthiolM thinking ro difprove, faith it cannot found to reafon or the courle of nature, but rather that the matter happeneth in this fort, that the dewes (ailing on the dry barkesof thofe trees were drunke up by them, and was forced forth agame in fmall peeces like gumme in the heate ol the yeare, r.ot being the proper jnyce of the trees, but what it had gained as aforefaid, and that this kinde of Manna was more loofeandfpongy, and leffe operative then the other, and that this happeneth by the fccret and hidden property in nature, efprcially of thofe trees tocontaine this dew in them in lumpes, and not 10 be liquid as ono- thers all about them : A fecond controverlie is whether Manna be gathered onely from the manured or wilde Afhorno, fome affirming it ftrongly, and others denying it as ftoutly, as is before faid, that Matthiolm arid HelloniM doe declare: A third controverlie is, whether it be onely peculiar to Calabria , and Apulia, or nor, which although fome affirme for Calabria, yet ye heare as before, it is to be found in many othcrplates. The other fort that is liquid or thin, is gathered both in AJla and Europe alike, but that ofthe Levant is both more plentiful! 159 ^ Cm n F,y