to JT" %*> 
 
THE 
 
 ANTIQUARIES MUSEUM, 
 
 ILLUSTRATING 
 
 THE ANTIENT ARCHITECTURE, 
 PAINTING, and SCULPTURE, 
 
 OF GREAT BRITAIN, 
 
 FROM THE TIME OF THE SAXONS TO THE INTRODUCTION OF THE GRECIANS 
 AND ROMAN ARCHITECTURE 3Y INIGO JONES IN THE REIGN OF KING JAMES U 
 
 By JACOB SCHNEBBELIE, 
 
 DRAUGHTSMAN TO THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF LONDON. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 'PRINTED BY J. NICHOLS FOR, AND SOLD BY, 
 THE AUTHOR, N° 7, POLAND STREET; 
 AND BY G.G.J. AND J. ROBINSON, P ATER-NOSTER-R O W. 
 
 M DCC XCI. 
 
TO \V .. , 
 
 THE PRESIDENT, j 
 COUNCIL, AND FELLOWS 
 
 O F 
 
 THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES 
 OF LONDON, 
 
 THIS WORK IS, BY THEIR PERMISSION, 
 RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, 
 BY THEIR FAITHFUL HUMBLE SERVANT, 
 JACOB SCHNEBBELIE. 
 Feb. i, 1 791. 
 
[ ] 
 
 PREFACE, 
 
 The following Work was the nrft effort of the lamented 
 Artift whofe name it bears, after he had early in 1791 made 
 himfelf mafter of the art of aquatinting, which is here exer- 
 cifed in the foftefl: manner. This Work he began with great 
 ardour, propofing to publifh not lefs than four numbers in a 
 year, and as many more as occalion would permit, at five 
 fhillings a Number, with four plates in each, twelve numbers 
 making a volume. Juft before his death, he had completed 
 the third number of it, and left behind him feveral drawings 
 intended to form the firft volume. Thefe materials falling into 
 the hands of his two friends Mr. Go ugh and Mr. Nichols, 
 they, in juftice to his memory and to the publick, determined 
 to complete it. The feveral fubjeits were illuftrated with 
 accounts by Mr. Gough, Mr. Hawkins, Mr. Milner, Dr. Pegge, 
 Mr. Nichols, and other friends. 
 
 Printed by John Nichols, 
 Red Lion PalTage, Fleet Street. 
 
[ v ] 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR. 
 
 JACOB SCHNEBBELIE was fon of a native of Zurich 
 in Switzerland, lieutenant in the Dutch army at the memo- 
 rable fiege of Berg en-op -Zoom in 1747; when, after a 
 gallant refinance of two months, it was, as generally believed, 
 furprized by the French under Marfhal Lowendal. Upon 
 quitting the fervice, Mr. Schnebbelie came over to England, 
 and fettled in the bufinefs of a confectioner, in which capacity 
 he had frequently the honour of attending on king George II. 
 He afterwards opened a mop at Rochefler ; where one of his 
 fons ftill refides ; and the fame profeffion his fon Jacob (who 
 was born Aug. 30, 1760, in Duke's Court, in the parifh of 
 St. Martin in the Fields) followed for fome time, firfl: at Can- 
 terbury, and afterwards at Hammerfmith ; till, Nature point- 
 ing out to him the pr oper road to fame and credit, he quitted 
 his fhop, and commenced felf-taught teacher, at Weflminfter 
 and other public fchools, of the art of drawing, in which he 
 made a proficiency which introduced him to the notice of 
 many among the Learned and the Great. To the Earl of 
 Leicefter's notice he was firfl introduced by accidentally 
 fketching a view in hi s park near Hertford, and was employed 
 by him in taking fome of the mofl: pi<5turefque landfcapes 
 about Tunbridge Wells, with a view to their publication for 
 his benefit. At their noble Prefident's exprefs recom- 
 mendation, he was appointed draughtfman of the Society of 
 
 C An- 
 
VI 
 
 MEMOIRS OF MR. SCHNEBBELIE. 
 
 Antiquaries ; and rilled that office with equal credit to himfelf 
 and his Patron. The merits of his pencil are too generally 
 known and acknowledged, to require any exaggerated eulogium. 
 Happy in a quick eye and a difcriminating tafte, he caught the 
 molt beautiful objects in the happieft points of view; and, 
 for fidelity and elegance of delineation, may be ranked high 
 among the lift of firft-rate artifts. 
 
 The works put forth on his own account are not numerous. 
 In 178 1, he intended to publith fix views of St. Auguftine's 
 Monaftery, to be engraved by Mr. Rogers, &c. ; five of which 
 were completed ; and one fmall view of that religious houfe 
 was etched by himfelf. In 1787, he etched a plate repre- 
 fenting the Serpentine river, part of Hyde Park, with the 
 houfe of Earl Bathurft, a diftant view of Weftminfter Abbey, 
 &c. now the property and in the pofteffion of Mr. Jukes, 
 intended to be aquatinted for publication. Mr. Jukes pur- 
 chafed alfo from him feveral views of Canterbury cathedral, 
 St. Auguftine's monaftery, &c. In March 1788, he publifhed 
 four views of St. Alban's town and abbey, drawn and etched 
 by himfelf ; which in the November following were pub- 
 lifhed, aquatinted, by F. Jukes. 
 
 About the fame time that he fet on foot the prefent Work, 
 he became an afTociate with the late James Moore, efq. F. S. A. 
 and Mr. Parkyns, in the 44 Monaftic Remains*;" which, after 
 five numbers had appeared, he relinquished to his coadjutors. 
 
 The afliftance he occafionally gave to 44 The Gentleman's 
 Magazine," the fmalleft part of his merit, it will be needlefs to 
 particularize ; his mafterly hand being vifible wherever it was 
 exerted. It is of more confequence to his fame to point out 
 
 * See Gent. Mag. vol. LXI. pp. 743, 11 18, 1207. 
 
 the 
 
MEMOIRS OF MR. SCHNEB BELIE. 
 
 Vll 
 
 the beauties of many of the plates in the fecond and third 
 volumes of the " Vetufta Monumenta" of the Society of 
 Antiquaries, and in the fecond volume of the " Sepulchral 
 Monuments of Great Britain # , w the far greater part of the 
 numerous plates in which are after him ; or in the very many 
 drawings he had finifhed, and the fketches he had defigned, 
 for Mr. Nichols's " Hiftory of Leicefrerfhire He had 
 completed alfo fome views of King's College chapel at Cam- 
 bridge, in a ftyle worthy that moft beautiful and moft perfect 
 of all our Gothic buildings, and in a manner which had fo 
 far recommended him to royal notice, that, had his life 
 been fpared, there is no doubt but he would have been pro- 
 perly diftinguifhed. 
 
 Mr. Schnebbelie was not contented with drawing the remains 
 of antiquity : his clofe purfuits had made him a proficient in 
 the ftudy of our National Antiquities, and a judge of the different 
 ftyles of Gothic Architecture and Monuments. His defcription 
 of the various places and buildings which he had examined were 
 judicious and accurate, and difcovered what attention he paid to 
 them. An outline, if we may fo call it, of Gothic architecture, 
 had been fuggefted to him, to have been ill unrated by drawings 
 of the various parts ; and he had actually begun to compile a 
 work, under the title of " Antique DrefTes fmce the reign of 
 William the Conqueror, collected from various works ; with 
 their authorities." It may be fafely affirmed, that few artifts 
 have produced more fpecimens of their talents, in their parti- 
 cular departments, than Mr. Schnebbelie in the four hit 
 
 * In the Preface to which he is gratefully commemorated. 
 
 •f* One of thefe, a view of Cold Overton church, at the foot of which his lofs is 
 fincerely lamented, is given as a conclufion to the prefent Work. 
 
 years 
 
VI 11 MEMOIRS OF MR. SCHtfEBBEXIE. 
 
 years of his life, which is the fhort fpace of time fince he 
 ferioufly took up the purfuit. 
 
 Thus much for his profeffional abilities. But he had qualities 
 of frill greater worth, the virtues of an excellent heart. Thofe 
 only who knew him intimately, and more efpecially thofe who 
 at any time have travelled with him when he has been em- 
 ployed as a draughtfman, can judge of the alacrity of zeal 
 with which he has difpatched his labour, of the chearful 
 pleafantry with which he has relieved its toil, and of the in- 
 genuous franknefs of his natural difpofition. On all thefe 
 accounts, his lofs will not eafily be made up to his friends ; 
 and to his family it is irreparable. 
 
 He died in Poland-ftreet, Feb. 21, 1 792, in the 33d year of 
 his age, after an illnefs of fix weeks, which commenced with 
 a rheumatic fever, occafioned by too intenfe an application to 
 his profeffional engagements, and terminated in a total debility 
 of body; leaving an amiable wddow and three children. Two 
 fons and a daughter died during the laft year of their father's 
 life ; and a fon was born five days after his death. He was 
 interred in the burying-ground belonging to a new chapel then 
 building for St. James's parifh, in the road from Tottenham 
 court to Hampflead. 
 
 The very fmall portion of time which elapfed after the 
 talents of Mr. Schnebbelie became univerfally acknowledged 
 did not enable him to lay by much ftore for his furviving 
 family : who received a handfome relief from the Society to 
 which he was draughtfman. 
 
Tl.I. 
 
 S* SEPUX. CURE'S CHUJRCH I01THAMPT01. 
 
( * ) 
 
 PLATES I. and II. 
 
 A DESCRIPTION of St. SEPULCHRE'S CHURCH, 
 NORTHAMPTON, 
 By J. SCHNEBBELIE. 
 
 T. Sepulchre's Church, Northampton, is fituated at the 
 
 ^3 North extremity of the town,, and bears evident marks of 
 great antiquity. It is generally fuppofed to have been built by the 
 Knights Templars, in imitation of the church erected over the 
 Holy Sepulchre at Jerufaiem, to thie honour of which it was de- 
 dicated. 
 
 The form is round % and divided into a nave and circular aile 
 by eight mafly columns, with Saxon capitals and bafes, thirteen 
 feet in height, and four feet three inches in diameter* Eight 
 plain pointed arches fpring from t.hefe columns, and terminate 
 
 * There are but two others entire of this form, St. Sepulchred, Cambridge, and the Temple, 
 London. The church of Temple Bruer (i.e. the? Temple on the Heath) on Lincoln Heath 
 was of this form; Gough's Camden, vol. II. p. 341.8 ; as was another at Aflackby, in the lame 
 county, lb. 247, 
 
 B 
 
 upwards, 
 
C * ) 
 
 upwards, or rather fupport a Ihort octagonal tower, thirty feet 
 iix inches in diameter, with four windows, the mullions of 
 which, a few years (ince, were removed to give more light, and 
 are now plain, oblong iquares. The roof, rifing with an eafy 
 afcent to a point, is covered with lead, as is the circular aile ; 
 where, in digging a grave on the South fide in 1775 a number 
 of human fkelerons were found, but not in the ufual direction, 
 Eaft and Welt. On the Weft fide, in the wall adjoining the Hair- 
 cafe leading to the gallery, is a curious piece of very rude fcujp- 
 ture. See Plate II. Fig. 1. 
 
 As the acute pointed arch was firft introduced into this king- 
 dom by the Knights Templars, it is not improbable that this 
 church is the earlieft fpeci men where the Saxon column and 
 the pointed or Saracenic arch are united ; and that it muft have 
 been built foon after, if not prior to the firft crufade ; for Si- 
 mon Saint Liz, a Norman, and fecond earl of Northampton, 
 who died in 11 27, on his return from a crufade to the Holy 
 Land, gave this church to the convent of St. Andrew # ; and 
 it was confirmed to them by Henry I. who added to it four acres 
 of his demefne lands f . 
 
 The original form of this church has been much altered by 
 the addition of a chancel and two ailes, to which you afcend by 
 three fteps ; and at the Weft end is an embattled tower with a 
 handfome fpire. In the tower, which is fupported by two mafly 
 buttreffes, are fix bells, and the following lines painted on the 
 Eaft fide of the belfry. 
 
 Here bells melodious move with art fublimej 
 
 And various numbers beat in mood and time; 
 
 Let clamour ceafe, the caufe of dire mifchance ; 
 
 In awful filcnce lead the miftic dance ; 
 
 So Mufic raifes her majeftic ftrain, 
 
 Whilft notes harmonious reach thediftant plain. 
 
 • Reg. Piiosat. S. Andr. fol. 14, a. 16, b. & Mon. Ang. vol. I. p. 680, 6B2; 
 f Ibid, fol. 19. 6. 20, b. 
 
 The 
 
C 3 > 
 
 The three fummers, or principal beams, that fupport the voof 
 of the chancel, reft on fix corbels *, fculpturtd with fjgur.es 
 playing on various mulical inltruments. See PI. II.. 
 
 Figure. 
 
 South fide i 
 
 [ 2. plays on the hurdy-gurdy f*. 
 
 3. playsontwo drums, fhaped like ourprefent kettle- 
 drums. 
 
 4. it is not eafy to fay what this figure reprefenrs. 
 
 5. plays on the antient fiftula> or pipe of the Greeks; 
 North fide <J 6. plays on a bagpipe, or fuclvlike wind inflrument. 
 
 7. has fomething like a violin. 
 
 In the veftry, which is at the Ea(t end of the North aile, are 
 two rich corbels, one the head of a King, the other that of a 
 Bifliop, the ufual ornaments of monaftic foundations ; each of 
 which probably fupported the figure of fome faint. See PI. II. 
 Fig. 8 and 9. 
 
 Near the centre of the body is a blue flab, feven feet fix inches 
 long and three feet nine inches wide, inlaid with the portraiture 
 in brafs of a man and his two wives, in the drefs of the times ; he 
 is bareheaded, ftanding between them, holding each by a hand. 
 Under his firft wife are two fons and one daughter ; under his 
 fecond, four fons and five daughters; below thefe, two hands 
 joined ; and, on another plate under them r 
 
 Farewell, true friend ; reader, understand 
 
 By this misteriouse knot of hand in hand, 
 
 This emblem doth (what friends must fayle to doe^ 
 
 pc el ate our friendship and its firmness too. 
 
 Such was our love, not Time but Death could sever 
 
 Our mortal parts, but our immortal never. 
 
 All things doe vanish here below, above, 
 
 Such as our life is there, such is our love. 
 
 * Called a Corbel in mafonry, and in timber-work a Bracket, or Trufs. 
 
 f The hurdy-gurdy, now in ule, is played on jufl: the reverie of the one here repvcfented, the 
 handle being turned by the right hand, aud the keys (truck by the left, which are downwarda- 
 when played on. 
 
 k Ami 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 And round the edge, 
 
 Here resteth the body of Mr. George Coles, of Northampton, 
 with his two wives, sarah and eleanor, by whom he had 
 12 children j he gave to pious uses xl 1 yearly for ever to 
 this towne ; and deceased the first of january, 164o. 
 
 Near the South-Weft entrance into the church-yard, in the 
 North wall of a houfe, are the remains of a fmall crucifix, much 
 defaced. See Plate II. Fig. i o . 
 
 The fhaded part of this plan Ihews the original form of this 
 church. 
 
( I ) 
 
 AN ACCOUN T 
 
 OF SOME PAINTINGS 
 
 DISCOVERED IN WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL. 
 By the Rev. JOHN MILNE R, F. S. A. 
 
 IN the fummer of the year 1788, when Mr. Schnebbelie was 
 employed in copying the beautiful monuments in Winchefter 
 Cathedral of its ancient bifhops and benefactors, Beaufort, Wain- 
 flete, and Fox, for the Society of Antiquaries, the engravings 
 of which drawings now enrich their valuable collection of 
 Vetufta Monument a ; his infatiable curiofity and active ingenuity, 
 to which the writer of this was witnefs, led him to make many 
 difcoveries in that inexhauftible mine of antiquarian refearches, 
 Which had efcaped the attention of former inveftigators. 
 
 The Northern tranfept, the chief fcene of his difcoveries, is 
 a part of the church which has long been deftined to no other 
 ufe than to hold implements of building, and a few folitary mo- 
 numents of the dead ; but before the Reformation it appears by 
 
 the 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 the veftiges of altars flill vifible in it, and by the rich paint- 
 ing with which the whole was ornamented, to have been a place 
 of much more confequence and refort. 
 
 Though the fubjects in feme parts of thefe paintings were 
 fufficiently difcernible to the curious obferver, yet Mr. Schneb- 
 belie has the merit of bringing many more of thefe to light, 
 and of rendering others much more vifible and certain. 
 
 The moft lingular difcovery, however, in the opinion of the 
 writer, was that of a double coat of painting in this part of the 
 Cathedral, containing a feries of fubjedts, one underneath the 
 other, which had evidently been painted at different periods, 
 and of which the undermoft was far the frefheft and the moft 
 perfect. 
 
 The two figures in the prefent plate, which are as large 
 as life, appear to be of this number ; and the circumftance of 
 their fuperior frefhnefs is eafily accounted for by their having 
 been originally executed in a ftronger ftyle of colouring, while 
 thofe of a later date carry proof of a more delicate and improved 
 pencil, and by the former having been preferved from the in- 
 juries of the air by a coat of paint, in addition to the white- 
 wafh, while the latter was protected by white-warn alone. 
 
 The greater part of the figures in general appear to reprefent 
 Chriftian martyrs and other faints. The wheel of St. Catharine, 
 and the name of St. Agatha, are in particular vifible ; but the 
 two figures before us, though not characteriftical enough to 
 denote for whom they were individually intended, feem to re- 
 prefent fome holy perfons of the ancient law, by the philacteries 
 which they bear in their left hands on the edges of their 
 robes, while their right hands are raifed up in the attitude of 
 folemn addrefs, as if they were pronouncing the pafTages of 
 Scripture contained probably in thefe. Were thefe inferiptions per- 
 fect, there is no doubt but they would fufficiently characterize 
 the prophets or holy perfons that bear them on their garments ; 
 but unfortunately nothing more is legible in one of them than 
 
 the 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 the letters dns, which is the contraction for dominus, with the 
 unmeaning characters vd— ni ; and in the other the letters irtv, 
 which probably formed part of the word virtvs, or of one of 
 its inflections *• 
 
 The Northern tranfept, where thefe antiquities occur, never 
 having been cieled or fubjected to the other alterations which 
 the reft of the Cathedral has undergone, exhibits a perfect fpe- 
 cimen of Norman architecture, being exactly in the {late (except 
 the gothicizing a few of the windows, and the addition of the 
 above-mentioned paintings) in which it was left by Bifhop Wake- 
 lyn, the original builder of the prefent church, who came over 
 with the Conqueror, and carried on his work in his reign, and 
 that of his children and fucceffors, William II. and Henry h 
 
 * It is not improbable that thefe were fome of a fet of the Old Teftament prophets, with the 
 more ftriking paflages of their writings, as in the paintings which till lately adorned the ceiling 
 -of Salifbury Cathedral. But the fmall remains* of the infcriptions renders it next to impoflibic 
 to afcertain the texts. R. G+ 
 
C i ) 
 
 H 
 
 E 
 
 A 
 
 FROM 
 
 St. MICHAEL'S CHURCH, at COVENTRY^ 
 
 HE fubjecl: of the annexed Plate is a curious head, carved in 
 
 oak, very antique, and admirably well executed ; repre- 
 fenting the laft moments of a. dying man, ftrongly exprefTed. 
 It was taken from the roof of the Mercers chapel, in St. Michael's 
 church, at Coventry, 1778, when a new roof was constructed ; 
 and is the only one remaining of the many that once decorated 
 the ceiling. The Mercers chapel is in that part of the church 
 which was founded in the reign of King Stephen ; for then did 
 Ranulf, Earl of Chefter, render it to the Monks of Coventry by 
 the name of St. Michael. 
 
 The original carving, whicli belonged to a gentleman at Co- 
 ventry, was exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries, Nov. 12, 1789, 
 by the Rev. John Pridden, M. A. F. S. A. ; together with fome 
 curious articles in the pofTeflion of their late worthy member^ 
 David Wells, £fq, of Burbach in Leicefterfliire* 
 
 Communicated by Mr. NICHOLS. 
 
( * ) 
 
 A N 
 
 A 
 
 C 
 
 C 
 
 O 
 
 u 
 
 N 
 
 T 
 
 O E 
 
 THE 
 
 PAINTING 
 
 On the South Side, over the Monument of Sebert, King of 
 the Eaft Saxons, in Westminster Abbey. 
 
 By JOHN SIDNEY HAWKINS, Efi$ F. A. S. 
 
 HE figure, reprefented in the plate which accompanies this 
 
 paper, is the only one of four now remaining on the South 
 iide of the canopy, over the monument of Sebert king of the 
 Eaft Saxons, and Ethelgoda his wife, near the entrance to the 
 tombs, on the South fide of the altar in Weftminfter Abbey. 
 That front, which faces the South part of the ambulatory 
 round the chapel of Edward the ConfefTor, and which is the 
 only part vifible, the other being concealed by the wainfcoting 
 of the choir near the altar, confifts of a plain altar tomb of 
 touchftone, inferted in a recefs in the wall, made purpofely to 
 
 re 
 
( * ) 
 
 receive it over which is a canopy of framed oak, fupported 
 by a very flat Gothic arch of mafonry turned over the tomb, 
 and divided by narrow pilafters into four compartments: in all 
 of them were originally human figures painted, but the pre- 
 fent, imperfect as it is, is the only one on this fide which has 
 not been totally effaced f . On the North fide, the canopy had 
 a fimilar appearance, and was painted in the fame manner; 
 but the figures on that fide have had the good fortune to be 
 well engraven, and accurately defcribed by Sir Jofeph Ayloffe 
 in his Account of fome ancient Monuments in Weflminjler Abbey y 
 while the only engraving of thofe on the South extfts in a mi- 
 serable view of the South front of this tomb, inferted in Dart's 
 Antiquities of this church, Sir Jofeph AylofFe perhaps thinking 
 it too imperfect for publication. 
 
 The hiftorians of this church have informed us, that this 
 prince Sebert was, as well the founder of it, as one of the 
 perfons 'interred in it ; for they fay that he was fon of Sledda 
 king of the Ealt Saxons, by Ricula, daughter of Hermenrick 
 -and fitter of Ethelbert king of Kent ; that he was converted to 
 Chriftianity by the preaching of St. Auftin, and the perfuafion 
 of his uncle Ethelbert, who had himfelf, a fhort time before, 
 embraced Chriftianity ; and that, Ethelbert having erected a 
 church in London, and dedicated it to St. Paul, Sebert, in imi- 
 tation of his example, in 604, 605, or 610 J, built the church 
 at Weftrninlter, and gave directions to Mellitus, then lately ap- 
 
 * Dart fays that the tomb is on the South fide of the altar, and on the left hand at your 
 firft entrance into the area leading to the chapels ; that it is made in the wall, and that in his 
 time there was, as indeed there is now, ' a box fixed upon it, wherein they ufually place books 
 * and keys, for the ufe of the church.' Dart's IVijlmonaJtcrium, vol. I p. 6. 
 
 f Mr. Gough, in the Introduction to his Sepulchral Monuments, p. xcii. mentions, that nothing 
 remains of King Sebert at Weftmrnfter, but the arch under which his coffin was probably depo- 
 fited ; that one of the paintings has periflied by the pannel being taken out to make a pafTage 
 to fome of the royal family, who were feated on t'his tomb at coronations ; and that the reft, 
 on t Lie back of the choir, have been the fport of idle boys, and are completely fcratched out. 
 
 | indmorc's Enquiry into the Jirjl Foundation of ' JVeflminfter Abley } p. 3, 
 
 pointed 
 
( 3 y 
 
 pointed Bifhop of London, to confecrate it, and dedicate it to 
 St. Peter ; and, laftly, that Sebert dying in 6 1 6, after a reign 
 of fifteen years, was, together with his Queen Ethelgoda, who 
 died in the month of September preceding, buried near the 
 high altar in the church, which he himfelf had founded, at 
 Weftminfter, from which fpot they were afterwards removed 
 into the church as built by Edward the Confeflbr. On the re- 
 building of the Abbey by Henry III. on its prefent fcite, which 
 is fomewhat North of that on which Sebert had erected his 
 church, the bodies of Sebert and Ethelgoda, together with thofe 
 of Hugolin, Chamberlain to Edward the Confeflbr, Abbot Ed- 
 wine, and Sulcardus the Hiftorian, were taken up from the re- 
 fpective places of their primary interments, and put under one 
 monument, in the vaulted room on the Earl fide of the great 
 cloifters, wherein the regalia were formerly kept, and where 
 the trial-pieces of the pix are now depofited ; and not in that 
 place, fome years fince walled up, which adjoins to the paflage 
 leading from the Eaftern cloifter into the chapter houfe, as 
 Widmore, by miftake, fays they were £« 
 
 In 1308, the Monks of Weftminfter again took up the bo- 
 dies of Sebert and Ethelgoda, and, re-inclofing them in leaden 
 coffins, with great ceremony and devotion, depofited them within 
 their prefent tomb, then lately prepared for their reception. 
 At the time of this removal, as Walfingham tells us, the right 
 arm of King Sebert was found, in all refpe&s, as whole and 
 perfect, as if he were but newly dead, not with ftanding its hav- 
 ing been buried upwards of 700 years f : the monks alio added 
 an infcription, too long to be here inferted at length, which 
 
 * Ayloffes Account of fome ancient Monuments in Wejlminjlcr Abbey, p. 13. 
 
 t Ayloffe, p. 13. This is a miftake ; Sebert died in 616, and the removal was in 1308, 
 according to fome, or in 1307, according to other authors ; fo that at the time of the removal, 
 he had not been, by eight or nine years, buried 700. Probably the infcription, placed near the 
 tomb on this latter occaiion, was the origin of the miftake, as that ftates him to have been bu- 
 ried ' feptingentis annis j' and from that circumllance manifeftly appears to be no older than 
 the time of the removal. 
 
 they 
 
C 4 ) 
 
 they hung up near the tomb, and in which they commemorated 
 this latter circumftance by the following lines; 
 
 \ Ecclefiam nimiam nimio ftudio fabricavit, 
 c Hcec illaefa manus quae fundamenta locavit, 
 « Hie feptingentis annis terra cumulatus. 
 ' Chrifti dementis inftinclibus inde lavatus **• 
 
 Widmore, in his Enquiry into the frft foundation of JVeJlrnin~> 
 Jier Abbey > has endeavoured to Ihew that Sebert was not the 
 founder, and that it did not exift till about a century after his 
 death : but every one of Widmore's arguments has ever ap- 
 peared to me, on the moft impartial and repeated examinations, 
 fo futile and inconcluflve, that his opinion ought wholly to be 
 rejected ; and I mould not defpair of being able to convince the 
 reader that they are fo, having collected confiderable materials 
 for that purpofe, were I not prevented from entering into the 
 difcuffion by the limits which I have prefcribed to myfelf in 
 this paper. 
 
 Mr. Pegge alfo, in his Sy/loge of the remaining authentic In- 
 scriptions relative to the ereclion of our Englijh churches, 4to. 
 Lond. 1787, has been induced to enquire, p. 9, into the au- 
 thenticity of the before-mentioned infeription ; and, relying too 
 much on Widmore's authority, and milled by an erroneous re- 
 ference, has afferted that neither Sebert nor his Queen were here 
 buried, notwithstanding what is afferted by Mr. Geo. Vertue f ; 
 and that thefe bodies, whofoever they were, could not poflibly 
 be theirs ; in fupport of which he has related in a note, that Se- 
 bert was interred, according to Higden, in St. Paul's. This re- 
 ference to Higden, I am very much afraid, was copied from a 
 note in TindaPs Tranflation of Rapin, edit. 1732, Vol. I. p. 56, 
 
 * This infeription was remaining on parchment framed, in Dart's time; but, he fays, it w-as 
 then only iome writing not legible. Dart, Vo!. I. p. 6. It has fince been removed, 
 f Arihaol. I. p. 36. 
 
 in 
 
C s ) 
 
 in thefe words : c He' [i. e. Sebert] 6 was buried in St. Paul's ca- 
 4 thedral, which, according to fome, he built, HIgd. Polychr. 
 4 p. 228.' Upon confulting Higden, however, as publifhed by 
 Dr. Gale in the third volume of his Collection of Englifh 
 Hiftorians in Latin, p. 228, the very page referred to by Tin- 
 dal, it turns out that, fpeaking of the foundation of St. Paul's 
 by Ethelbert, we are there told that another Chronicle mentions 
 Sebert as the founder, but there is no mention at all of the 
 place of Sebert's interment, though his death is noticed in a 
 fubfequent part of the page ; and indeed it is to be obferved that 
 Sir William Dugdale has not in his hiftory of St. Paul's included 
 Sebert, nor given the leaft hint of any idea that he was there 
 interred : on the contrary, enumerating the eminent perfons in- 
 terred in that church, * whofe monuments,' as he exprelfes it, 
 
 * except fome few, remained entire till the ftorm of this laft fa- 
 
 * tal deftruction fell upon them,' he fays, there were two kings, 
 viz. 4 Sebba, who, laying aflde all worldly greatnefs, afTumed 
 4 the habit of religion in this church, and Ethelred ; and 24 
 4 bilhops :' but not one word of Sebert. The mention, how- 
 ever, of Sebba above, and the infertion, p. 93, of Sebba' s in- 
 fcription, from which it appears that he was king of the Eaft 
 Saxons, might poflibly induce Tindal, in his hurry, to miftake 
 one for the other, and to apply, as he feems to have done, that 
 fact to Sebert, which belonged to Sebba. 
 
 Having fhewn, as I truft I have, that the fact of Sebert's in- 
 terment in St. Paul's has no foundation, as not being mentioned 
 by the very hiftorian to whom Tindal, and after him Mr. Pegge, 
 refer, and being fully perfuaded in my own mind that, for 
 aught that Widmore has urged to the contrary, Sebert might 
 have been, and probably was, the founder of this church ; and, 
 confequently, that this monument was in all likelihood his ; I 
 proceed now to enquire into the more immediate fubject of this 
 paper, the hiftory of the paintings over it. 
 
 Cam- 
 
( 6 ) 
 
 Camden has informed us, that near this tomb is painted on 
 the wall by an ancient hand, St. Peter addreffing the dead Se- 
 bert in the following verfes : 
 
 4 Hie, Rex Seberte, paufas mihi condita per te ; 
 4 Haec loca luftravi, demum luftrando dicavi 
 
 and Weever f defcribes the painting in very nearly the fame 
 terms, itill mentioning it, as fituated, 4 upon the wall by this 
 
 * tomb ;' but Keepe tells us more minutely, that 4 the canopy 
 
 * erected over this tomb, of eight panes of delicate carved wain- 
 
 * fcot, contained as many painted figures of St. Peter, St. John 
 4 Baptift, King Seberr, King Edward the ConfefTor, &:c. with 
 4 divers verfes of quertions and anfwers under each of them, 
 4 which are all defaced and warned away, and only a table of 
 4 verfes adjoining to the tomb (which you will find among the 
 4 monumental inferiptions) is ftill remaining to inform you who 
 4 it is that is buried there J.' The verfes as given by him, p. 335, 
 are the fame as have been mentioned above. Crull, the com- 
 piler of 'The Antiquities of St. Peters, or the Abbey Church of Wejl- 
 minfler, in one volume 8vo. 17 11, and again in two volumes, 
 1742, follows Keepe's information almoft verbatim; but Dart, 
 after giving an account of Sebert and his queen, and the re- 
 moval of their bodies in 1307 to the prefent place of their in- 
 terment, exprelfes himfelf in the following terms : 4 The hif- 
 6 torians of this church fay, there was a canopy of eight panes, 
 « on which were painted the pictures of St. Peter, St. John Bap- 
 4 tilt, King Sebert, Edward the ConfefTor, &x. with verfes, by 
 « way of queftion and anfwer, underneath them. If fuch things 
 
 * Rcges, Regina, Nobiks & alii in Ecclejta colkgiatd B. Petri Wejlmonajlerii fepulti, 4*0. Lond. 
 i6c6. The laft line alludes to the tradition of the miraculous confecration of this church by 
 St. Peter, which is given by Ailred Rivallenfis in his Life of Edward the ConfefTor, among the 
 Decern Scriptores, col. 385. 
 
 -\ Funtral Monuments, edit. fo. p. 45a. % Mon* Wejl. p. 35. 
 
 * were/ 
 
( 7 ) 
 
 € were,' adds he, ' they are now invifible, and I can perceive and 
 
 < believe, there were no more than four panes, unlefs thole 
 
 * next the altar, L e. the back fides of thefe (now wainfcoted 
 i up) are meant. There ftill remains the ruins of one picture 
 f vifibJe (I believe,' fays Dart, ' Sebert ; for I cannot liken it to 
 
 * thofe ufually drawn for the reft) and that much defaced *f 
 
 The removal of the wainfcoting of the choir in 1775 has ren- 
 dered certain what Dart did bat conjecture might be the cafe ; and 
 has coofequently confirmed the account of the earlier hiftorians, 
 which Dart, for want of that evidence,, feems inclined to dif~ 
 pute, but which can never again be queftioned, the Antiquarian 
 Society having publifhed prints from the paintings on the North 
 iide, which are again reduced to their former ftate of concealment, 
 and accompanied them with a defcription by Sir Jofeph Ayloffe, 
 in which is the following pafTage to our prefent purpofe ; 8 The 
 c hiftorians of the church of Weftminfter fay, that the pictures of 
 
 * St. John the Baptift, St. Peter, King Sebert, and Edward the 
 
 * ConfefTor, were painted in thefe pannels,' [i. e. on the South 
 iide] ' with verfes, by way of queftion and anfwer, placed un- 
 
 < derneath them. And Weever exprefsly tells us, that one of 
 6 thefe pictures reprefented St. Peter talking to king Sebert, 
 1 who was painted in the adjoining pannel, and thefe verfes un- 
 
 * derneath ; 
 
 c Hie, Rex Seberte, paufas mihi condita per te : 
 * Haec loca luflravi, demum luftrando dicavi. 
 
 c Thefe pannels,' adds Sir Jofeph, < ftill retain inconteftible 
 
 * indications of their having been originally painted, and that hu- 
 c man figures were thereon reprefented ; but thefe figures, what* 
 
 * ever they were, are fo much defaced, that little more than the 
 
 * outlines of one of them, and fome fragments of other paint- 
 
 2 
 
 * Wejlmonafierium^ Vol, I. p. 5.;. 
 
 < ings 
 
( 8 ) 
 
 1 ings on the fpandrils of the pyramids, which form the finifli- 
 
 * ings of the pannels, are now vifible ; fo that it is impoflible to 
 
 * afcertain who were the feveral perfons that thefe figures were 
 ' defigned to reprefent. The only figure of which there are any 
 
 * tolerable remains, is that of a venerable elderly man, cloathed 
 ' in a tunic and loofe robe, with a long, curled, dark-coloured 
 ' beard, and a nimbus round his head, on which he wears a 
 ' kind of wreath or turban. His left hand holds a fceptre, and 
 
 * his right is elevated, and with its fore finger pointed to Heaven. 
 c From thefe circumftances it may not improbably be fuggefted, 
 
 < that the figure was intended to reprefent St. Edward the Con- 
 
 < feffor *: 
 
 That the figure here defcribed is that now in queftion, there 
 can be no doubt ; but, on a minute examination of the original 
 painting, in order to afcertain how far Sir Jofeph AylofFe's con- 
 jecture as to the perfon reprefented by it was probable, it 
 turns out that, owing, in all likelihood, to the ftate of obfcurity 
 in which he faw it, he has not fully defcribed the figure, for 
 that the right hand, which he mentions as elevated, and with 
 its finger pointed to Heaven, has really on it a very rich glove, 
 and holds between the thumb and the fore and middle fingers 
 a ring, which is not only the frequent fymbol of Edward the 
 GonfefTor, but may be accounted for by the following relation. 
 
 King Edward, being far advanced in years, riding by the 
 church of Glavering in EfTex, at the time when the ceremony 
 of its dedication to our Lord and St. John the Evangelift was 
 going forward, was induced, by devotion, to alight and be 
 prefent at the ceremony ; in the courfe of which, an old man 
 came up to him, and afked an alms in the name of God and 
 St. John ; and the King, having nothing elfe to beftow on him, 
 drew off from his finger a ring, which he gave to the old 
 man> who thankfully received it. Some years after, two Englifh 
 
 * Ayloffe, p. :o. 
 
 pil- 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 pilgrims went to the Holy Land on a pilgrimage, and loft their 
 way : night was coming on, and they knew not whither to go ; 
 when, at laft, they faw a company of men drefled in white, 
 with two lights borne before them, and behind them came an 
 ancient man with white hair. This company the two pilgrims 
 joined, and having, in anfwet to the old man's enquiries, in- 
 formed him they were pilgrims of England, and had loft their 
 way, he conducted them into the city, where. they were fup- 
 plied with food, and remained all night. In the morning, the 
 old man accompanied them on their way, told them he was 
 St. John the Evangelift, and delivered to them a ring, which 
 he faid he had received from King Edward's own hands when 
 his church was confecrated, directing them to return it to the 
 King, and to tell him that within fix months the King fhould 
 be with him in the joy of Heaven ; after which he departed 
 from them fuddenly. On their return, the pilgrims executed 
 their commiflion, and delivered their mefTage to the King, who, 
 as the ftory fays, had alfo another token from St. John, and 
 that was, that the pilgrims fhould die before him, which, as 
 well as his own death, accordingly happened as it had been 
 foretold 
 
 This narrative, in the book from which I have taken it, is 
 accompanied with a wooden cut of the faint, robed as a King, 
 a nimbus round his head, a crown, but no wreath or turban 
 on his head, a fceptre in his right hand, and in his left a 
 ring, which he holds between his fore-finger and thumb ; and 
 in the fame, or nearly the fame, manner, he is reprefented by 
 
 * See the Golden Legend in folio, printed by Winkin de Worde, 1527, fo. 277, b. This 
 faft is alfo related, with fome variations, by Ailred Rivallenfis, in his life of Edward the 
 Confeflbr, among the Decern Scriptores, Lond. 1652, col. 397; and by Brompton, in his Chro- 
 nicon, in the fame collection, col. 959. Dart, in his Weftmonafterium, Vol. I. p. 50, fays, on 
 the authority of an old manufcript, that the ring was returned to the King by the pilgrims at a 
 feat of his in Waltham foreft, then called the Bower, and lince Havering Bower ; and that the 
 ftory was painted in one of the windows of Rumford church, in which parifli Havering Bower 
 was fituated. Probably, therefore, Clavering in Eflex, mentioned in the text, fhould have been 
 Havering in Eflex. 
 
 a ftone- 
 
( " ) 
 
 a ftone-figure in Henry the Seventh's Chapel j fo that this figure 
 is unqueftionably Edward the Confeflbr. 
 
 As to the age of this painting there can be no difficulty, for 
 the bodies are known, as has been mentioned before, to have been 
 removed into this tomb, then newly prepared, in 1307 or 1308. 
 It is painted on board, fpread over with a very thin coat of fine 
 plaifter, not thicker than an egg- fhell ; and on that coat the figure 
 is painted in colours mixed and prepared with lize or diftemper. 
 Sir Jofeph Ayloffe, who has thus minutely afcertained it to be a 
 painting in diftemper, has added a very probable conjecture, that,, 
 as Peter Cavallini made the ConfefTor's fhrine, and defigned the 
 crofles erected by Edward the Firft to the memory of his Queen 
 Eleanor, the fame painter and fculptor,. Peter Cavallini, not only 
 made the deligns for this monument of King Sebert and that of 
 Aveline Countefs of Lancafter, but that the paintings in diftemper,, 
 wherewith thofe monuments are refpectively adorned, were the 
 produce of his pencil. c Certain,' adds he, ' it is,, that they are 
 1 the works of a very able matter, and have more than, their an- 
 ( tiquity to recommend them to our attention fct This conjec- 
 ture, which Sir Jofeph Ayloffe has borrowed from Vertue ir % , 
 though without citing him, may be further confirmed, by ob- 
 ferving that the paintings in the roof of the cafes, where the 
 figures called the ragged regiment were formerly placed, now oc- 
 cupied by the wax ones of Queen Anne and Lord Chatham, 
 and fome paintings in Edward the ConfefTor's chapel, exifting 
 in Vertue's time, but fince effaced, were, in Vert tie's opinion, o€ 
 the hand of this matter. 
 
 * Ayloffe., p. 14, f ArchaioL Vol. I. p. 37* 
 
t 
 
 IRE MAIN'S OF IRTL.INGBORO1K0H COLMSG-Ko 
 
( t ) 
 
 IRTLINGBOROUGH CHURCH, 
 
 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 
 WITH ITS 
 
 VAULTS and MONUMENTS. 
 Defcribed by RICHARD GOUGH, Efq. Dir. S. A. 
 
 IRTLINGBOROUGH is fituated in Huxlow hundred, on the 
 North fide of the river Nyne, oppofite to Higham Ferrers. 
 The manor belonged to the abbey of Peterborough^ at, and be- 
 fore the Conqueft ; and after the erection of the bimoprick 
 there, was granted, with other lands poflMTed by the abbey, 
 to the Dean and Chapter of the fame church, who are the pre- 
 fent poffelfors of it. 
 
 It was held under the abbey in the reign of Edward III. by 
 John Pyel, citizen and mercer of London, one of the Com- 
 muTioners to the States of Flanders for redrafting the grievances of 
 the Englifli merchants, 45 Ed. III. and the year following Lord 
 Mayor of London. Having purchafed other lands here and in 
 the neighbouring parimes, he defigned in this parifh church the 
 foundation of a college, which was completed by his wife, 
 2 Ric. II. for a dean, 5 fecular canons, and 9 clerks. 
 
 The 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 The church,, dedicated to St. Peter, confifts of a body with* 
 2 ailes, a chancel and 2 crofs ailes ; in length altogether clear 
 87 feet; breadth of nave ailes 50 feet; length of crofs ailes 
 90 feet. At the Weft end, at fome diftance from the church, 
 and joined to it by the ruins of the college, is an embattled 
 toweiy 15 feet by 12, furmounted by an octagonal one, and toge- 
 ther with it 99 feet high. The tower contains fix apartments ; 
 three in the fquare part, and three in the octagon above. Between 
 the windows of the- fquare tower are four fmall figures, 
 probably of faints ; and under them a bend between two 
 mullets pierced ; the arms of the founder John Pyel. See PL II. 
 Fig. 4. 
 
 Under the tower are two rooms or vaults, fee PI.. III. and 
 under the South chancel is another. 
 
 In the chancel belonging to Earl Fitzwilliam are twelve 
 Halls, with carved heads under the feats, and three flabs,. 
 from which the braffes are loft. 
 
 In the chantry chapel on the South lide of the chancel are 
 two llabs, the braffes gone. In the South wall is a- tomb of 
 blue marble, the canopy fupported by fretwork pillars, but 
 ftripped of its brafs plates of arms, and thofe of a man and 
 woman with labels. 
 
 Near this is an alabafter tomb PL II. Fig. 1, with two figures 
 cumbent, but no infeription. The arms were painted on the 
 fhields round the tomb, but intirely defaced, except fome faint 
 traces at the head, as expreffed in PI. II. Fig. 2. 
 
 This tomb is fuppofed to belong to the founder John Pyel 
 and his wife. He is habited in' a merchant's or citizen's 
 gown with a fmall ftanding cape, a hood on his head, a 
 purfe at his right fide, and the ftrap of a belt hanging 
 down : flie wears the veil, head-drefs, a> mantle^ furcot, and 
 cordon. 
 
Pkte II 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 On the North fide of this chancel is another tomb, with 
 the alabafter rigure of a woman much defaced. Tradition fays, 
 this tomb belongs to Dame Ann Cbeyney, See PI. JI. Fig. 3. 
 
 At the head of this Mr. Bridges defcribes as under arches the 
 figure of a man in armour ; his head on a cufhion, and^ at 
 his ride a woman in the drefs of the age, with traces of a 
 brafs fhield of arms at each corner, and an infcription round 
 the verge, all torn away. He gives alfo from Belchier's North- 
 amptonihire Collections an epitaph on Sir William Hudlefton, 
 Knt. bailiff of Alancpn,- who died in Normandy, 1422, and 
 Elizabeth his wife, 1448. Alio for John Parr, Efq. fon of 
 Sir William Parr, Knt, 1504* 
 
 The tower has five bells. 
 
 On the firft : u God fave the King, 1633." 
 
 On the fecond IHS : NAZARENVS x REX IVDEORUM* 
 FILI : DEI. MISERERE : MEI. 1633. 
 
 On the third the fame infcription. The date 1636. 
 
 On the fourth. William Flawn and Thomas Blofield, Church- 
 wardens, IK.EN, 161 2. 
 
 On the fifth. William Trigg and William Underwood,- 
 Churchwardens* — Henry Penn made mee, 1705. 
 
 There is a tradition that on one of the bells was this in- 
 fcription, 
 
 Pyel Bolton paid for mee 
 J'breefcore pounds and odd monie :■' 
 
 but it is -not to be found on any now remaining ; if ever it 
 was there, the bell that had it is gone. 
 
 Tlie 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 The firft dean of this church was buried in the middle of the 
 chancel, and has the following infcription in black letter, on a 
 brafs plate, 18 inches long and af wide, 
 
 SDrate pjo a'ta tfttf VdtdgA to jFrpfefep p'tmf Secant ittiM Callegff 
 quioUit * * * a'D'ni $$°€€£€ ♦ 
 
 His fucceflbr, Thomas More, was appointed 1 41 5. 
 
 After him fucceeded John Blaunchierd. 
 
 Richard Lynne, 1453* 
 
 Thomas Honyborn. 
 
 John Townfende, 1483. 
 
 Roger Tochett, LL.D, 1490. 
 
 William Rawlyns, 1491. 
 
 John Wyfeberd, 1494. 
 
 Giles Cowper, 1509. 
 
 William Taillard, LL.D, 15 18. 
 
 Richard Stockes, S. T. B, 15*9- 
 
 William Lane, LL.B, 1526. 
 
 William Stokes, 1528. 
 
 William Alcoke, 1537* 
 Which laft, with 3 fellows, or canons, were living in I553> 
 on a yearly penlion of £.6 each. 
 
 The college was endowed with the appropriate rectory of 
 the church, valued at £.36 per annum, and with lands in 
 Irtlingborongh, Wendlingborough, Thingdon, Northampton, 
 and St. Martin's parilh, near Ludgate, London. The whole re- 
 venues, by the furvey 1535, 26 Hen. VIII. amounted to £. 70. 
 i6j. iotf.f out of which, deducting £. 6. 4*. for rents and pen- 
 lions, remained a clear income of £. 64. lis. lodA. The 
 dean had £. 13. 6j. Set. ; one of the fellows for officiating in the 
 church, £. 8. 1 3J. $d\ 4 other fellows and a chaplain £. 8 each ; 
 
 and 
 
( 5 > 
 
 and 2 clerks £. 4* 2.r. 4^. each. 2 Ed. VI. the revenues were 
 rated at 74. 3 J. I*/. from which in penrlons, fees, and fa- 
 laries was deducted £. 54. igs. %d.& The goods were valued at 
 jT. 7 , %s. ^d. The matter of the college being both vicar and 
 parfon, there was a neceflity for the endowing of a vicarage, 
 which was accordingly done. 
 
 Of this college remains only a fmall part, the tower with the 
 vaults underneath, and that part between the tower and church 
 covered with lead. 
 
 See Bridges's Northamptonfhire, vol. II. p. 235,-23$, 
 
C P ) 
 
 A' N 
 
 A CCO U N T 
 
 OF SOME 
 
 B A S S R E LIE F 5 
 
 A T 
 
 HIGHAM FERRERS CHURCH, 
 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 
 OVER the doors in the Weft porch of this church are ten 
 compartments, filled with very rude fculptures of the life 
 of our Saviour ; they probably were removed from an older 
 church, when Archbifhop Chichele, who was a native of this 
 town, erected the prefent tower. There are ftill fome tracings 
 to fhew the figures have been painted, and moft of the back- 
 grounds were of a fine light blue ; the centre had a much 
 larger figure, as appears by the projecting pedeftal. 
 
 Fig. i reprefents the Angel appearing to the Virgin Mary, 
 and the Salutation of the Virgin Mary and Elizabeth. 
 
 2. The three Wife Men bringing their offerings. 
 
 3. The Angel appearing to St. Elizabeth. 
 
 4. Chrift among the Doctors. 
 
 5. The baptifm of Chrift in Jordan. 
 
 6. The Angels appearing to the Shepherds. 
 
 7. The Crucifixion. 
 
 8» The^ 
 
( * ) 
 
 $. The Agony in the garden. 
 
 q. The Angels appearing to the Women at the Sepulchre ; 
 about which are four lleeping foldiers, who were intended for 
 its guard. 
 
 10. The defcent of Chrift into hell to deliver fouls out of it. 
 
 On the North fide within this porch is a figure fitting in the 
 flocks, with a rnufical inftrument in his hand. 
 
( * ) 
 
 FIGURES 
 
 PAINTED ON THE SCREEN 
 
 OF THE 
 
 CHURCH of ST. PETER at WALPOLE in NORFOLK, 
 
 Defcribcd by RICHARD GOUGH, Efq. Dir. S. A* 
 
 ON the Weft front of this Screen are painted twelve figures. 
 The firft reprefents a female faint, but whom, it is not 
 eafy to fay. Her emblem a bell. 
 
 The fecond, Mr. Milner fuppofes St. Dorothy, holding in her 
 left hand a bafket with fruit. She was the patronefs of norifts; and 
 converted Theophilus, a Pagan, by producing in a miraculous 
 manner, a bafket of fruit and flowers in the month of February. 
 The third, holding a palm branch, is fome female martyr. 
 The fourth, St. Catherine. 
 The fifth, the Virgin and Child. 
 
 The fixth, Mr. Milner takes for St. Helena, who difcovered 
 the true crofs. 
 
 The feventh, St. Peter. 
 The eighth, St. Paul. 
 
 The ninth, St. Andrew, to whom another church in the fame 
 parilh is dedicated. 
 
 The tenth, St. John the Evangeliji. 
 
 The eleventh, St. James the Great, or of Compojiella, with his 
 pilgrim's ftarT, and an efcallop in his hat. 
 The twelfth, St. Thomas, with a lance. 
 
 This is one of the moft beautiful parifli churches in Eng- 
 land. It is built of freeftone, and confifts of a nave with two ailes, 
 a chancel, and ftately Weft tower embattled. On the S. porch 
 are the arms of Goddard quartering Denver s, with Goddard's 
 creft ; and on that, near the great Eaft arch, the arms of Rocb- 
 ford; thefe families being chief contributors to the building 
 a about 
 
( ) 
 
 -about the beginning of tfeg reign of Henry VI- the windows' being 
 glazed and fet up 1423". There are confiderable remains of 
 paintings in the windows, as alfo the arms of Hillary ', Blower, 
 Goddard, Denver, Rocbford, Hoo, Daniel, Howard, Kingdom of the 
 Eqft Angles, Seg of Ely, Noon, Lovel, and Tilney. 
 
 Over the door of the flair-cafe leading to the rood-loft was 
 painted the Virgin and Child ; and on a fcroll, 
 
 Orate p. bono flatu Job. Nelfon, et p. a'iatf parents et bene* 
 faElor. fuor\ 
 
 and on the oppofite pillar tne figure of St, John. 
 
 The Eaft end of the North aile was the chapel and burial- 
 place of the Rochfords. The flabs and mutilated infcriptions 
 remain of William, only fon of Sir John, conftable of Wif- 
 bech cattle, 20 R. II. and of Sir Ralph, fon of Sir Saier, and 
 hufband of Matilda de Walpole, which lady was buried here 
 1369/ 
 
 In the South window of the chancel have been painted St. 
 Alban, William Archbixhop of York, Hugh Biihop of Lincoln, 
 Guthburga, Efhelreda, Sexburga; put up 1423, by Richard 
 Boure, perhaps rector ; as others of St. John the Evangelifr, 
 John of Beverley, and Edmund Archbifhop of Canterbury, by 
 John Trecup, 1425, perhaps another rector. 
 
 The afcent to the communion table confilts of many fleps, 
 and under it is an arched pafTage, now applied to the accommo- 
 dation of the horfes belonging to fuch parilhioners as by the bad- 
 nefs and length of the ways are obliged to- come to church on 
 horfeback. 
 
 On the bafe of the font are two infcriptions, the uppermofl 
 begins thus Xt\\\€\$ and ends \)ZKZ 1532, the reft not legible. 
 The other infeription is perfetf:, tl)^ttft & &UD f! tijattft $ 
 
 Wno * mU « m° * €€€€€ * %M33 * 
 
 A print of this church, engraved at the expence of Henry 
 Lord Colerane, who died polfefTed of a manor here, may be 
 feen in Parkins's Continuation of Blomefleld's Hiftory of Nor- 
 folk, vol. IV. p. 721. 
 
( I ) 
 
 FIGURES from Dr. PEGGE's Manual, 
 llluftrated by Mr. GOUGH, 
 
 OF the figures from a fmall MS manual in the pofTeflion 
 of the Rev. Dr. Pegge, the firft reprefents St. Michael in 
 his ufual attitudes of combating the Devil, and weighing fouls, 
 the good againft the bad. The authority for the firft of thefe 
 is that paffage in Jude, verfe 9, alluding to their conteft about 
 the body of Mofes ; the latter feems to reft only on his character 
 of archangel, and a principal affiftant at the general judgement, 
 or, as Villegas explains it, being made of God chief juftice of 
 his kingdom ; whence he bears the fword and balance. In this 
 fituation he is frequently reprefented in relief, as on the Torr 
 at Glaftonbury, and on pictures of the general refurrection on old 
 altar-pieces, on the brafs of Margaret Willoughby, at Tat- 
 tefall * ; and on one of the rondeaus at the fide of Henry the 
 Seventh's tomb at Weftminfter -j-. 
 
 The fecond figure reprefents St. Anthony, the hermit, in a 
 wood, with his book, crofter, and bell ; and at his feet two 
 pigs, his ufual companions. The legend fays, that he retired 
 into the woods among the wild beafts, and that the wild boar 
 particularly attached himfelf to him. Thus in his legend painted 
 on an old fcreen in Garlifle cathedral, the lines under the com- 
 partment where this animal is introduced are 
 
 'thy liveth he in wildernes xx t! ' yere and more 
 Without ony company but the wylde boivr. 
 
 * Sepulchral Monuments, II. PI. CXVII. p. 329. 
 
 " f The good preponderates ; but the devil is reaching with one of his clawed feet at the 
 fcale which contains the figure of evil, in order by his own force to render that the hcavieft." 
 Mr. Hawkins on Mr. Carter's print of it, p. 34, 
 
 6 
 
 In 
 
( a ) 
 
 In one of the rondeaux on Henry VIl's monument the pig 
 " his page," as Fuller humonroufly calls him *, peeps out between 
 his feet. Some have faid that Anthony was originally a fwine- 
 herd t ; and in " Horse dominae noftrae fecundum ufum Romanae 
 curiae," printed at Paris, by Thielman Kerver, 1519, as well as in 
 a manual in ufum Sarum, printed at Paris by Regnault, 1532, 
 is a prayer to St. Anthony, beginning " Authority paflor inclyte" 
 as an averter of difeafes. This prayer is accompanied by a cut 
 of the faint, with a pig by his iide J. So he appears in the cor- 
 ner of the difTecled man in the beginning of Pigouchet's " Horse 
 in ufum Sarum, 1500." The Tau crofs, with which the back 
 ground here is fprinkled, is another ufual emblem of this faint. 
 
 The third figure, as appears from the title of the prayer, re- 
 prefents St. Augustine, in the habit of a bifliop, with a heart 
 in his right hand. On what account he bears this fymbol is not 
 eafy to fay, unlefs for the fervent devotion and zeal he difplayed 
 in his religious courfe, after his converfion at the age of 32. 
 The prayer may poffibly be of his own compofing. It is a Ihort 
 one, and begins 
 
 Deus 9 pater nofter, qui ut or emus bortaris> &c. 
 
 The fourth figure is a relief fixt in a wall of St. Auguftine's 
 abbey, Canterbury, and is believed to be a rebus of Thomas 
 Hampton, the laft abbot but one of that monaftery, who was 
 elected 1509, and died about 1522 §. 'Tbo makes his Chriflian 
 name, and the b ferves again with a and m on each fide of it for 
 his furname ; the other half is exprefled by the tun. The 
 mitre was a privilege of this abbey. 
 
 r. a 
 
 * Worthies, Lond. 47. 
 
 f Fuller, ib. and the third part of the homily againft peril of idolatry, printed by Jugge and 
 Caiwood, 1563. 
 
 % There is no print in the latter book. In another MS Manual the Saint treads on flames, and 
 has a pig on each fide of them. 
 
 § Batteley's edit, of Somner, p. 168. Willis's Hift. Mit. Abb. I. 54. 
 
 AD- 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 ADDITIONAL OBSERVATIONS by Mr. MILNER. 
 
 THE account of the Plate before me feems, on the whole, 
 very accurate. What few remarks occur to me at the prefent 
 hafty moment are the following : 
 
 The authority of St, Jude is not fo pofitive as that of Reve- 
 lations, xii. 7 ; or at leaft not more fo a 
 
 St. Antony bears the crofier to denote that he was an abbot ; 
 he has the Tau on his lhoulder and in the back ground to de* 
 note he was an Egyptian ; the Tau being the form of the 
 Egyptian crofs. In my " Hiltorical and critical Inquiry into 
 " the Hiftory and Character of St. George," I have given what 
 appears to me the mo ft probable explanation of this Saint's em- 
 blems. I have there ihewn how emblems are formed upon 
 hifbory, and then hiltory again of a fpurious kind upon em- 
 blems. I cannot admit that pajlor indite refers to Antony's fup- 
 pofed character of a Iwineherd, but to his charge as an abbot. 
 
 The reafon affigned for St. Auguftine's bearing a flaming 
 heart is certainty the right one. His works breathe everywhere 
 fentiments of divine love* 
 
 J. M. 
 
I I ) 
 
 ELVETHAM houfe, about a mile and a half from Hartford 
 Bridge, Hampfhire, has been diftinguifhed in our hiftory by 
 the honour of receiving Queen Elizabeth on a vifit to Edward Sey- 
 mour, earl of Hertford, eldefl furviving fon of the unfortunate Pro- 
 tector duke of Somerfet, by his fecond wife Anne, daughter of Sir 
 Edward Stanhope, knt. He was fo created by this queen in her firft 
 year before her coronation ; but, for marrying the furviving daughter 
 of the duke of Suffolk, and filter of the unfortunate queen Jane, 
 he incurred her difpleafure, paid a heavy fine, and fuffered nine 
 years imprifonment in the Tower, where his counters died 1567. 
 The earl continued under the royal difpleafure till he contrived 
 to avail himfelf of her majefty's progrefs to Southampton and 
 into SufTex, 1 591, to entertain her four days at this houfe, " lituate 
 in a parke but of 2 miles in compafTe, or thereabouts, and of 
 no great receipt as being none of the earle's chief manfion 
 houfes ; yet for the defire he had to fhew his unfained love 
 and loyall duetie to her moft gratious highnefs purpofing to vi- 
 lite him in this her late progreffe, whereof he had to under- 
 ftand by the ordinarie gefTe, as alfo by his honorable good 
 frendes in court neare to her majeftie, his honor, with all ex- 
 
 A pedition, 
 
( *V) 
 
 pedition, fet 300 artificers to work many daies before her arrival 
 to enlarge his houfe with new rooms and offices, befides other 
 buildings raifed on the fodaine i4fcore off from the houfe on a hill 
 fide within the parke for entertainment of nobles, gentlemen, 
 and others. In the bottom between the houfe and this hill 
 was made by handy labour a goodiey pond, cut to the perfect 
 figure of a half moon, in which were 3 notable grounds, where 
 hence to prefent her majefty with fports and paftimes. The ntft 
 was a fhip ifle, 100 feet by 40, bearing 3 trees orderly fet for 
 mafts. The fecond was a fort, 24 feet fquare, overgrown with 
 willows. The third a fnayl mount riling to four circles of green 
 privie hedges; the whole in height 20 feet, and 40 feet broad 
 at bottom *. Thefe three places were equally diftant from the 
 fides of the pond, and from each other ; and on the water were 
 divers boats prepared for muficke, and a pinnace well fur- 
 nifhed with mafts, yards, failes, anchors, cables, and all other 
 ordinary tackles, and with iron pieces ; and with 1 2 flags and 
 ftreamers." 
 
 On Monday Sept. 20, 1591? after dinner, his lordfhip, with 
 a train of 300 perfons, moft of them wearing chains of gold 
 about their necks, and black and yellow feathers in their hats, 
 met her Majefty two miles off coming from her own houfe at 
 Odiham, four miles from Elvetham. Between five and fix 
 o'clock flie entered Elvetham park, and at more than half way 
 between the park gate and the houfe was welcomed by a per- 
 fon in the character of a poet, with a Latin copy of verfes, and, 
 preceded by fix young ladies in the character of three Graces 
 and three Hours ft re wing flowers, and Tinging, entered the 
 houfe, where fhe had not refted a quarter of an hour before 
 (he was faluted by a long volley of chambers from the mount 
 and ille in the pond under the profpect of her gallery wift- 
 
 * Some faint remains of the pond, with the fnail hill, were difcertiible in 1788, when the 
 annexed drawing was made by Mr. Schnebbelie. 
 
 dow. 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 dow. Supper was then ferved in, firft to her Majefty, and then 
 to the nobility and others ; and after fupper a concert of mufic. 
 was performed by fix muficians in the hall. Tuefday morn- 
 ing fports were interrupted by rain : but the queen and her 
 fuite dined in the room of flate on the hill fide, and after din- 
 ner, under a canopy of ftate, viewed the fports in the pond, 
 exhibited by perfons drefled in the character of fea-gods and 
 nymphs linging and playing, " The melody was fweet, and 
 the fhewe {lately." Nereus prefented a jewel in a purfe of green 
 rufhes. This and fimilar frolicks concluded the fecond day's 
 entertainments. On the third, befides an out-door concert of mufi- 
 cians, a tennis match was played by ten of his lordfhip's fervants, 
 all Somerfetfhire men ; there were fire-works at night, and a ban- 
 quet in the gallery garden, looo difhes carried by 200 of the 
 earl's gentlemen, others lighting them with 100 torches. The 
 fourth day's entertainment was a dance of Fairies in the garden ; 
 after which the Queen quitted the houfe, the poet and muficians 
 waiting on her out. Her Majelty was ib highly pleafed with 
 this and the red, that me openly protefted to my Lord of Hert- 
 ford, that the beginning, procefs, and end of this his enter- 
 tainment, w T as fo honourable, that hereafter he mould find the 
 reward thereof in her efpeciall favours *. 
 
 Over the chimney of one of the rooms remains carved in 
 ftone, in 3 lozenges furmounted by coronets, the arms of Seymour 
 Earl of Hertford, impaling quarterly 
 
 1. Vaire Arg. and Az. Beauchamp of Hache. 
 
 2. Arg. and Az. 2 bars and a chief Az. on the latter 3 roundels. 
 
 3. Or, a maunch V. 
 
 4. Barry of 10 Arg. and Az. on the Argent 10 martlets. 
 
 5. G. 6 mafcles Or. 
 
 * See *« The Honourable Entertainments given to the Queen's Majefty in progrefs at Elve- 
 tham, &c. printed by John Wolfe, 1591," reprinted in Mr. Nichols's Progrelles, vol. II. under 
 the year 1591 , to which the Seymour arms alone are prefixed. 
 
 A 2 7 A. 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 7- A. 
 
 8. Sa. three eftoiles Or. 
 
 9. Sa. a fret A. 
 
 Seymour ', earl of Hertford, impaling quarterly 
 
 1, 4; three lions palTant guardant in pale, England. 
 
 2. 3. A bend between fix crofs crofllets fitch y A. Howard. 
 Seymour Earl of Hertford, impaling quarterly 
 
 1. Howard. 
 
 2 G. 3 lions paffant guardant in pale, a label of three A. 
 'Tbcmas of Br other ton. 
 
 3. Cheque Or and Az. Warren. 
 
 4. G. a lion rampant A. Segrave. 
 
 In a S. E. window of the long gallery quarterly, 
 
 1. Az. a chevron Ermine between 3 crofs crofllets fitche-. 
 
 2. A. on a fefs G. 3 bezants. 
 
 3. Az. in a bordure O. fretty A. 
 
 4. G. a chevron between 3 efcallops A. in the centre a cref- 
 cent S. 
 
 Creft. On a helmet and torfe a dove collared. 
 
 This noble earl died 1621, aged 83, and was buried at the 
 Eaft end of the South aile of the chancel of Salifbury cathe- 
 dral, where a heavy monument is eredted to him, with his 
 effigy and that of Catharine his countefs, daughter and coheir of 
 Henry Grey duke of Suffolk ; for the repair of which monument, 
 in the late repair and alterations of the cathedral, the Duke of 
 Northumberland, reprefentative of the family, was afked ^.500. 
 
 Elvetham continued in this noble family till the middle of 
 the following century. 
 
 At the making of Domefday furvey, Elvetham was held of 
 Chertfey abbey * by Hugh de Port. Edric held it in the time 
 of King Edward the ConfefTbr allodially. It was then alfefTed 
 at 3 hides : at the furvey at 1. There was one carucate, a 
 
 * Chertfey abbey, founded by Erkenwald bifhop of London in the middle of the 7th cen- 
 tury, had lands in Wtnesjlet or W r ynchfeld in the fame hundred of Hcfedcle, in which Elvetham was 
 then placed, now included in the hundred of Odiham. Among Sir Henry Gough Calthorp's 
 deeds is an acquittal from Chertfey abbey of 30s. a year from this manor, 9 Hen. IV. 
 
 1 ploughed 
 
( s ) 
 
 ploughed land in demefne, 4 villans, 4 bordars ; and 8 fer- 
 vants occupy 2 carucates and 4 acres of meadow : wood for 10 
 hogs. In the time of King Edward, and afterwards, it was 
 worth 30 millings. When it came into pofTeflion, or was held 
 in hand, it was worth 25 millings #. 
 
 In the reign of Edward I, it was in the family of Sturmy 
 or Efturmi) of whom Richard held lands in Hampfhire at the Con- 
 quer!: f. Henry Sturmy had grant of free warren, and licence to 
 make a park here, 33 Edw. I. 1305. There was a composition 
 of plea of right before the Juftices Itinerant, 47 Hen. III. 
 T263, between the biihop of Bath and Wells J, and Sir Henry 
 Efturmy, concerning common of pafture in Elvetham and 
 Dogmersfield. Sir William Eftur my had licence 4 Hen. IV. 1403, 
 to empark 300 acres in Elvetham and Wintney-Hartle ; and 
 4 Hen. VI. the faid Sir William granted the manor of El- 
 vetham to William Brocas efq. and others in fee. They re- 
 granted it to Sir William Sturmy for life, remainder to John 
 Seymour in tail. Roger, fon of Sir William Seymour, of 
 Woundy, in the county of Monmouth, (who accompanied the 
 Black Prince into Gafcony) in the reign of Henry IV. married 
 Maud one of the coheirefTes of Sir William Elturmy, knt. of 
 Chadham, lord of Wolf hall in the county of Wilts §. From 
 this match the manor of Elvetham came into the Seymour family, 
 and pafTed according to the pedigree annexed **• 
 
 * Warner's Hampfhire Domefday, fol. 94, 96, 
 
 f Richard Sturmy htld lands at Albodenton; of the Biihop of Winchefter. Ib. fo. 190 
 \ William Button I. § Archseol. III. 24.. Camden's Brit. I, 109. 
 
 ** Which in Dugdalt's Baronage, II. 361, with MS notes by Beter Le Neve, fhnds thus: 
 
 Sir William Sturmy. 
 
 I 
 
 Maud=t=Sir John Seymour. 
 J 
 
 Sir John Seymour. 
 I 
 
 John 
 I 
 
 John 
 I 
 
 Sir John 
 I 
 
 Edward earl of Hertford. 
 
 Sir 
 
C 6 ) 
 
 Sir William Seymour. 
 
 i 
 
 Roger=pMaud Efturmy. 
 
 i 
 
 John=pIfabel 
 d.4E.IV. | Mac Williams. 
 I 
 
 John =pEliz. Coker. 
 d. 3 E. IV. | 
 
 . 
 
 s -\ 
 
 . • . Hardon.r: i. Eliz.=pJohn. Humphrey. :=Eliz. Winflow, 
 
 Darell 
 
 Roger. of Lit- 
 
 | tlecot. 
 4 daughters. ^ ■■ ^ 
 
 of Burton, c. 
 Oxford. 
 
 n I, T ~~T 1 
 
 Marga- =pSir John Sir Geo. Sir Rob. SirWil- Margaret Jane Eliz. Cath. 
 retWent d. 1536. liam. Wadham. Hud- Crofts, d. fin- 
 
 worth, die- gle. 
 
 d. 1550. ftone. 
 I ^ ^ ^ J ^ J 
 
 John, Edward, e. of Sir Henry, Thomas, John. Anthony. Jane, Queen of 
 d. 1520. Hertford 1537, d. 1578. id. Sudley, Henry VIII. and 
 
 d. of Somerfet beh. 1548-9. three more 
 
 1 546-7, beh. 1 55 1 , daughters. 
 =P 1. Catharine =^=2. Anne Stanhope. 
 I Filiol. ^ ^ 
 
 1 John. Edward,=pCath. Grey, dau. of Henry 
 
 2 Edward. d. 1621. [ d. of Suffolk, d. 1567. 
 
 j ! 
 
 Edward, Edward d. before his father, Thomas, d. 1600, 
 d. young. mar. Honora Rogers. 
 
 Anne Sackville.=pEdward d. 16 18. William earl and marquis of Hertford, 
 
 1640, 2d duke of Somerfet 1660, and 
 I died the fame year. 
 
 Edward d. young. It, daughters died infans. 
 
 Wii- 
 
( 7 ) 
 
 William, earl and marquis of Hertford, grandfon of the no- 
 bleman who entertained queen Elizabeth here, having firft le- 
 vied a fine between him and fir Hugh Windham, fold the eflate, 
 1650, to Robert Reynolds, efq. for 5000 1. To this fale he 
 was probably compelled by his loyalty to his fovereign, which 
 was fo great, that, after having expofed his life in his fervice 
 in the defence of Sherborn caftle, and at the battle of Lanfdown, 
 he, with three other noblemen, generoufly offered themfelves 
 facrifices for the fafety of their fovereign, as having been by 
 their office of privy counfellors the advifers of the meafures im- 
 puted to him as criminal, and, after his cruel murder, they ob- 
 tained a licence from the parliament to bury the royal body. 
 
 Robert Reynolds *, efq. having buried 1678 two Ions and 
 three daughters, his only furviving daughter and heirefs Prifcilla t 
 was married to fir Richard Knight, 1679, and after his death to 
 Reynolds Galthorpe j, efq. who died 1720. The -iffue of 
 this fecond marriage was Reynolds, a fon, who dying in 17 14, 
 Reynolds Calthorpe, the father, married the hon. Barbara, el- 
 delt daughter of Henry Yelverton, lord vifcount Longueville ||, 
 grandfather of the prefent earl of SufTex He fettled on her 
 Acle in Norfolk, which had been in his family from 1 G. I. f f ; 
 and is now in poffeflion of her grandfon Sir Henry Gough 
 Calthorpe, Bart. By her, who died 1724, he had iflue Henry, 
 
 * There are whole length portraits of hitn and his lady at Elvetham, and of fir John Rey- 
 nolds, governor of Mardyke, in Flanders 1658, in his hair and armour holding a truncheon. 
 
 f She was born 1650, and died 1709. Her fecond hufoand was born 1656, and died 1720. 
 Their portraits are at Elvetham, as alfo that of Reynolds Calthorpe, fon by firft wife, who died 
 set. 25. 
 
 His mother died 1685. 
 
 X The family of Calthorpe are traced to Henry IV. in Blomefield's Norfolk, III. 761. V. 792, 
 793. Tradition in Norfolk fays, that the Calthorpes were here before the Conqueft, and 
 fettled on an eftate now in poffeifion of the prefent Sir H. G. Calthorpe, bare, and that one of 
 the family was fent by Edward the Confeffor on an embaffy into Normandy. 
 
 j| He died 1709. His portrait whole length in his robes is at Elvetham. 
 
 ** At Elvetham is a portrait of him as earl marfhal of England, knight companion of the Bath* 
 He was born 1690, aud died 1731. 
 
 ft Bbmefield, V. 1458. 
 
 who 
 
( 8 ) 
 
 who was created knt. of the Bath, 1744, and died April 14, 
 1788, aged 71, and Barbara fecond wife to the late fir Henry 
 Gough, bart. of Edgbafton, c. Warwick *, by whom fhe had 
 iffue Henry, who, on the death of his uncle, became his 
 heir, and affumed his name, and is the prefent pofTefTor of El- 
 vetham. 
 
 From the Sturmys the manor had the name of Efvetham 
 Sturmy. Another manor here belonged to Francis Bernard, 
 who died 1561, but had before conveyed his lands here to 
 Robert Seagrave, George Ley, and the earl of Hertford ; and the 
 manor of Elvetham Bernard was fettled by indenture inrolled in 
 chancery 1619. 
 
 To this houfe, which was perhaps one of the fmalleft country 
 habitations of our antient nobility, Sir Henry Calthorpe added a 
 parlour at the S. E. angle. Since it came into the hands of the 
 prefent pofTefTor, the whole has undergone confiderable alterations. 
 The Weft frde > in which was the gallery, and the rooms un- 
 der it turned into a gardener's houfe and a peat houfe, has 
 been taken down, and from the materials, rough chalk, the 
 rooms on this fide were evidently thofe which were erected on the 
 notice of Queen Elizabeth's coming. The entrance to the hall 
 has alfo been altered, and a large brick riding-houfe erected by 
 Sir Henry Calthorpe between the houfe and the church entirely 
 removed. Mr. Ernes, to whom the premifes are leafed for a 
 term of 14 years, if he fo long live, being a furveyor, has al- 
 tered the form of the park, bat not fo as to deftroy the traces 
 of the pond or mount* 
 
 The church ftands within the park at a little diftance South 
 from the houfe. The entrance is by a circular arch on round 
 pillars with Saxon capitals. And on a fhiekl in the pediment 
 above is 'j^ 5 ', denoting a repair by feme of the Reynolds family. 
 
 * She died 1782. he,, 1774. 
 
 On 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 On the communion cup under a coronet quarterly r. 4. in a 
 bordure three fleurs de lis, 2. 3. in a border ingrailed, a bend 
 cheque A. and Az. On a mield of pretence a faltire engrailed 
 between three rofes, impaling quarterly Howard, 2. three lions 
 pavTant guardant under a label of three ; 3. cheque A. and- Az. ; 
 4. a lion rampant. PJQ, 
 
 The fame on the patten. 
 
 Creft, on a torfe a lion rampant under a coronet. 
 
 The flagon was the gift of Reynolds Galthorpe and lady, 
 and bears their arms ; Cheque a fefs Ermine, impaling a chev- 
 ron Ermine between three crofs crofllets fitche. 
 
 The only infcription in the church is on a {tone reduced to 
 a fquare of 8 inches. 
 
 * 1597 
 
 : H E 
 
 H : 
 
 THE 
 
 O F : 
 
 ROB 
 
 L E : 
 
 PER 
 
 The arch of the holy water bafon in the choir is a trefoil of 
 nail-headed quatrefoiis. The North window of the chancel is 
 circular on round pillars with Saxon capitals. 
 
 Among the births in the regifter is, 
 
 Xo<pioc, daughter of William Wylde, gent. Odt. 15, 1652. 
 Among the marriages : 
 
 1654. I A. B. do heere in the prefence of God, the fearcher 
 of all hearts, take thee G. D. for my wedded wife, and doe 
 alfo in the prefence of God, promife unto thee to be a loving 
 and faithful hufband. 
 
 Thomas Patrick of Hartley Wintney, and Lucie Watts, of 
 Elvetham, were married before Robert Reynolds, efq. in the 
 prefence of Ambrofe Iver and Thomas Townfend, March 16, 
 1654. Robert Reynolds, Juftice of the Peace. 
 
 Many other entries of the like kind to 1658. 
 
 B Among 
 
( io > 
 
 Among the burials : 
 
 William Jones, rector, Nov. 15, 1638. 
 
 Richard Tomfon, rector, died May 9, 1640, at the right 
 hon. the earl of Hertford's in the Strand, London. 
 
 3689. An act pafTed for feveral fums of money to be raifed 
 on burials, births, and marriages, for his majefty king William. 
 
 1691. Dec. 11, buried Henry Alexander, earl of Stirling. 
 This is Henry earl, who married May 28, a daughter 
 
 of Prifcilla, countefs of Stirling. Dame Prifcilla Knight 
 adminiftered to her will. 
 
 1754. Lady Vigors, wife of Sir William, who rented the 
 houfe, as did after him James Butler, 9th Lord Cahere of the 
 kingdom of Ireland, from Norfolk, who died 1786. 
 
 T 773- E> ec « 24, Rev. Mr. Phipps % rector. 
 
 1785. Feb. 9, Rev. Mr. Pviifh, rector. He was fucceeded by 
 the Rev. Dr. James Morgan, of Mortimer, Berks, tutor to Sir 
 H. G. Galthorpe, at Oriel college, Oxford. 
 
 1786, March 22, William Field, parifh clerk 5c years. 
 
 * An altar tomb, furroundcd with iron rails, in Elvetham church yard, is thus infcribed : 
 
 M To the memory of He gave 
 
 The Reverend James Pmrps, One Hundred pounds to the poor of the parifli, 
 
 Rcftor of this Parifli ; as likewife 
 
 by whofe death FiftypoundstothepoorofthepariflxofTrentham, 
 
 his acquaintance loft a moft agreeable and, 
 
 chearfnl companion, as a Lifting teftimony of his regard for 
 
 a fincere and fteady friend ; Religion and Learning, 
 
 his parifliioners he bequeathed the bulk of his fortune t<> 
 
 a diligent, charitable, exemplary minifter, Pembroke College, Oxford, 
 
 and his difconfolate widow He died December 17, 1773, 
 
 the moft tender affectionate hufband. in the 75th year of his age. 
 
< I ) 
 
 A C C 
 
 O 
 
 u 
 
 N 
 
 T 
 
 G F 
 
 S T. 
 
 G U 
 
 T 
 
 H L A C. 
 
 (From Sir THOMAS CAVE's MS CoUedions for Leicestershire.) 
 
 UTHLAG was a celebrated Saint and Anchorite, de 
 
 \JT fcended from the blood royal of the Mercian kings, born 
 A. D. 673, about the termination of the Saxon Heptarchy, 
 when Egbert, feventeenth king of the Weft Saxons, reduced the 
 generality of the Saxon kings under his government, and be- 
 came the firft fole monarch of this kingdom, having won the 
 affections of all the Weft Saxons by the gentlenefs of his ad- 
 miniftration, and by their affiftance brought the other part s o f 
 the illand under his obedience *. 
 
 If we may credit the relation given us by Felix the monk, 
 the fandlity of his future life was foretold by the appearance of 
 a crofs near the houfe of his mother, during her pregnancy with 
 him. However, his younger years were employed in the ex- 
 ercife of arms and military ftudies ; and as he grew up to ma- 
 turity, he took up arms in the defence of his country, and ob- 
 tained great reputation by his fuccefsful conquefts, though his 
 moderation even in victory was fo remarkable, that he gene- 
 rally reftored again to the vanquifhed one-third part of the fpoils 
 
 * See St. Guthlac's Life written by Felix not long after his death ; publifhed afterwards by 
 Henfchenius and Pappebrochius, and thence abridged by Capgrave and Harpsfeild, See alfo 
 Britannia Sancla, printed at London, 1745, 4-to. p. 217. 
 
 A 
 
 he 
 

 
 ( a ) 
 
 he had taken from them ; but at length, tired with this dan- 
 gerous and laborious calling, and reflecting on the tranllent va- 
 nity of worldly glory, and the lamentable end of many cele- 
 brated heroes' of this \vorld, he bid adieu to war and bloodilied, 
 and ordered his troops to elect a new leader in his room, de- 
 claring he would no longer fight under any banner but that of 
 religion. Nor could all the arguments of his affectionate fol- 
 lowers difluade him : from his refolutions ; for, A. D. 697, he, 
 with great eagernefs and hafte retired to the famous monaftery 
 of Reppington, or Ripondon, (Repton), Derbyihire, and there 
 embraced a religious life. Here our Saint fpent fome time, 
 but, aiming at (till greater aufterities as the road to abfolute per- 
 fection, he determined to lead an eremetical life, and, for his 
 greater mortification, chofe for the place of his retirement the 
 ifle of 'Croyland, at that time a mod horrid and uninhabited 
 place. Of this his feat of retirement he took poffefTion on the 
 Feaft of St. Bartholomew, A. D. 699 % being then but 26 
 years old, and ever after efteemed and reverenced that Apoftle 
 as his peculiar patron and defender. 
 
 St. Guthlac acquired great reputation f , and w r as much re- 
 fpected in his religious retreat at Croyland J, where he preferred 
 the exercife of piety and devotion to that of arms and warfare. 
 Hiftorians inform us that nature feemed to have inclined him 
 for the toils of the latter profeffion ; but he exchanged the mi- 
 litary for a fpiritual ardour, and in a few years the fpirit of war 
 decreafed in him, and the practice of religion became his ruling 
 pa Mi on. 
 
 Neither in this his folitary abode had he fewer or lefs ter- 
 rible foes to contend with, than when he directed the fcene of 
 war on a more public ftage ; for the monk Felix, who wrote 
 his life, alTures us, that he was difturbed here by evil fpirits,, 
 
 * Willis's fefifc of Abbies, Vol, I. fo. 72. 
 f William of Malm {bury, fo. 166, b. n. 50, 
 I Monaft. Aug, vol, I. V. 163, 8. 
 
 and 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 and infernal delufions, to as great a degree as St. Anthony ever 
 was. The fame author relates farther, that St. Guthlac was 
 once hurned away from his cell by daemons, and carried by 
 violence to the very gates of Hell, into which they threatened 
 to caft him, for having invaded their own ifland of Croyland, 
 as they called it ; but his tutelar faint, Bartholomew, defended 
 him in this, as well as all other perils, and made them convey 
 him quietly back again to his own cell, fo that the faucy devils 
 had only their labour for their pains. 
 
 To make our faint amends for the difagreeable appearances 
 of thefe vexatious vifitors, he had (if our author Felix is not 
 misinformed) the daily fociety of an angel, who converfed with 
 him, and remained invisible to every one but St. Guthlac him- 
 felf; for his difciple Beccelin declares he had often heard him 
 difcourfing in his folitary hours with fome other perfon, but 
 was ever ignorant who it was, till St. Guthlac himfelf told him 
 as he lay at the point of death. 
 
 The fandtity of this young hermit was fo remarkable, that 
 the venerable Hedda, Bifhop of Dorchefter, and afterwards of 
 Winchefter, not only paid him a vifit in his retirement, but 
 alfo ordained him prieft, making him fit down at the table 
 with him ; a form this faint had not accuftpmed himfelf to 
 fince the day he fir ft profelfed thefe religious aufterities *. 
 Guthlac was alfo in the higheft efteem with King Ethelbald* 
 who, long before he attained the dignity of a crown, had re- 
 ceived prophetic alfurances from St. Guthlac, that he mould 
 one day or other be a King ; and accordingly, upon the death 
 of Coelred, A. D. 719, he was called to the throne of Mercia. 
 
 At the expiration of 15 years from the time St. Guthlac took 
 pofleffion of his hermitage, his life expired alfo ; for on April 
 
 * Hedda was a man whofe example (fays Goodwin, fo. 211,) was of .more utility to his 
 charge than his eloquence in the pulpit, and, according to Bede, though he abounded not in .li- 
 terature, he had the evidence of his good government demonftrated by many miracles, He died 
 A. D. 705, or thereabouts, and is calendared as a faint .on the 7th <*i July, and lies buried At 
 Glaftonbury. Willis's Abbies, vol. I. fo. 09. 
 
 A 2 II, 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 it, 17 14, this Chriftian hero breathed his laft breath. He 
 had a lifter named Pega, who took the proper care of his in- 
 terment ; nor did he want other evident marks of refpecl at his 
 funeral, to prove the great efteem he, by his exemplary way 
 of life, had gained from all who were not ignorant of him 
 or his virtues ; for no fooner did King Ethelbald hear of his 
 diffolution, but he halted with all poflible fpeed to the place of 
 his interment *,' and requiring the attendance of one Kenulph, 
 an eminent monk of Evefham f, founded and endowed an ab- 
 bey or monaftery of Black monks at Croyland, in the county of 
 Lincoln, to the honour of St. Guthlac, who had in his life-time 
 been a beloved counfellor to this monarch ; and he made this 
 Kenulph firft abbot of this houfe 
 
 In procefs of time, as this foundation advanced towards fome 
 degree of perfection, it was natural, in purfuance of the practice 
 of thefe religious ages, to covet either the body of their founder, 
 or of fome particular fanctified perfon, to be depolited in or 
 near their foundation, on fuppofition that their place and eftab- 
 lilhment would acquire the greater lhare of reflect and vene- 
 ration from the reliques of fuch eminent perfonages. In obe- 
 dience, therefore, to this cuftom, the body of St. Guthlac was 
 to be removed to fome more honourable part of their houfe ; 
 and, in order to execute this ceremonious removal, his lifter 
 Pega, with many other religious perfons, about a year after his 
 death and interment, attended in order to open his fepulchre, 
 and remove his reliques to fome more decent repolitory than 
 his original cell afforded ; and found (as the eccleliaftical hif- 
 torians of thofe times fay), his body quite uncorrupted, and 
 
 * Ingulphi Hift. Croyland, fo. 484. b. n. 30. 
 
 f Monaft. Angl. vol. I. fo. 163. b. & 164, fub cart. Ethelbaldi Regis. Willis's Hiftory of 
 Abbies, vol. I. fo. 72. — lb. 163. b, 
 
 J The learned Dr. Willis does not mention the year of the foundation of this houfe; but 
 Dr. Tanner, Bifliop of St. Afaph, places it in the year 716, (Notitia Monaftica, fo. 249), and 
 fays it was not only founded to the honour of St. Guthlac, but of St. Mary, and St. Bartholomew 
 alfo. N. B. An antient proof that religious places, and churches, had often triple dedications, 
 and were addreffed to the glory and reverence of more faints than one, 
 
 only 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 only to all appearance overcome with a deep fleep, his joints 
 being rather flexible than ftiff, and his burial cloaths as frefh 
 and fair as on the day of his inhumation. Nor were thefe the 
 only remarkable accidents that appeared ; Ingulphus, and other 
 authors, mention many extraordinary miracles that in thofe 
 days were performed at his tomb. The reputation he bore was 
 doubtlefs very eminent ; and the old writers who mention his 
 name, agree in their characteriftic of him, as a counfellor to 
 all who had doubts and fcruples, a comforter of the afflicted, 
 and a reliever both of corporal and fpiritual maladies, as well as 
 a prophefier of future events. 
 
 The veneration and efteem that the publick bore to St. 
 Guthlac, did not die with his perfon ; for thofe who furvived 
 him endeavoured to perpetuate his memory by every act in their 
 power. Thus, we are told *, his figure was placed among nu- 
 merous images of faints and holy men, which were erected as 
 ornaments on the Weft tower and front of the church of Croy- 
 land ; and not only was his ftatue placed in that manner, but 
 he was farther reprefented in the arms of two angels, who 
 were conducting him to Heaven. So much was the memory of 
 this good man revered, and fo prophetick of his condition after 
 death were his portraitures expreffed by thofe who knew and 
 remembered his deferts f . In the church alio was a coftly 
 fhrine of St. Guthlac ; and even long after his death, his name 
 was thought to add luftre to the inftruments of the church ; for 
 about the year 976, Egelricus, abbot of Croyland, gave the 
 name of Guthlac to a remarkable fine bell j, which (with many 
 more) he gave to the ufe of this church. Waldenus, who 
 was elected abbot of Croyland, A. D. 11 24, tranflated the 
 reliques of St. Guthlac hither, in the firft year of king Ste- 
 phen ; and Robert de Grandineto §, a man of no lefs wealth 
 than piety, in order to form a repoiitory for thefe (in thofe 
 
 * Willis's Hifl. of Abbies, vol, I. fo. 73. t It>. *o. 74. X lb. fo. 76. $ lb. fo. 77. 
 
 5 days 
 
( 6 ) 
 
 days ineftimable) curiofities, procured a mo ft coftly fhrine for 
 their reception, exquifitely worked, and adorned with gold, fil- 
 ver, and precious ftones. 
 
 We have feen that over the Weft gate of the church of Croy- 
 land, among the images of many kings, abbots, and eminent 
 men, is the ftatue of St. Guthlac *, with a whip and a knife (as 
 he is generally painted) being exprefs emblems of the pains, 
 penalties, arid aufterities he fubje&ed himfelf unto during the 
 courfe of his retired and religious life f . Not far Eaft from 
 this Abbey, upon a little hillock, is a remnant of a fmall ftone 
 cottage, called Anchor-Church-Houfe, where formerly ftood a 
 chapel, over the very fpot in which this Saint had fpent the 
 time of his hermitage, and in which alfo at the expiration of 
 his days he was depofited. It is not improbable that his la- 
 bours were extended to the fervice and benefit of all who were 
 within the reach of his doctrine and converfation, and that he 
 preached up the principles of religion and piety to all fuch 
 devout hearers as flocked to him for that purpofe. There is a 
 crofs, called St. Guthlac's crofsj, of which at prefent remains only 
 the bafe, on the fide of a bank, near to Brother-Houfe and 
 Cloot-Barr, between Spalding and Croyland, from being one of 
 thofe boundaries ufually erected to mark the pofTeffions of the 
 abbey of Croyland, and correfponds with three others whofe 
 tvames feem to be their only remains. 
 
 Such a veneration had this eminent man acquired by his vir- 
 tues, that any thing relating to him was deemed to poflefs, in- 
 herently as it were, a greater portion of Fanctity than common. 
 Thus his filter Pega had a fmall religious houfe dedicated to 
 her in the county of Northampton §, but it was demoliftied in 
 very early times, and the revenues of it abforbed probably by 
 the larger ones of Peterborough abbey. The fite of this little 
 
 * Stukeley's Itin. Curiof. I. 31, 32. t Ibid. % Ibid. 
 
 § Tanner's Notitia, p. 374, Peakiik. Monaft. Anglic. vol.1, fo. 305. Gunton's Teteib. p. 
 351, 252. Ingulphi tlift. fo. 5, &c. 
 
 foun- 
 
( 7 5> 
 
 foundation was within the diftricT: of a village, which evidently 
 appears to have been indebted to her for its name, and is now 
 called Pea-kirk, i. e. Pega's Church, and lies in the Hundred of 
 Naffaburgh. Nor was the monaftery of Croyland without fome 
 kind of proof that bore witnefs of their endeavours to preferve 
 the memory of this their patron's near relation ; for Egelricus, 
 their abbot *, having (among many other large donations to his 
 houfe) given them a new and fine caff, of bells, dignified one 
 of them with the name of Pega ; doubtlefs out of refpect to 
 'chat family of which their tutelary faint was a ihining member ;. 
 an evident proof that the ecclefiaflics of that age were as well 
 endowed with gratitude and complaifance alfo, as their fuccefTors* 
 have fince been. 
 
 Nor was this regard confined abfolutely to the family of St. 
 Guthlac, for even thofe who had received their education from 
 his hand, and been fo fortunate as to have been brought up at 
 the feet of this Gamaliel, were thought to deferve a particular 
 remembrance on that account. Thus his difciple Becceline t had 
 another bell of the fame peal infcribed to his memory like wife,, 
 as well as St. Bartholomew, who had fo often protected our 
 faint in the feveral dangers he had been expofed to in his So- 
 litary recefs. 
 
 Even diftant parts of this kingdom were not unacquainted 
 with the Angular merits of this Chriftian hero ; for he had not 
 only the honour of being one of the three patrons of the ab- 
 bey of Croyland, but (as I have been informed by a very 
 learned friend, deeply converfant in church, antiquities %) there 
 was a nunnery in the county of Chefter dedicated to him* 
 
 As a farther in ftance of the univerfal efteem St. Guthlac had 
 acquired, I find that in the year 883 §, a national council was 
 held at London, in which we are told ||, remarkable privileges. 
 
 * Willis's Abbks, vol. I. fo, 76. f Ibid. t S. Cnrte, LL.B'. 
 
 § Inett's Origioes Ecclellae Angiicanat, fo. 265. | Conc.il. Brit Vol. 1. fo. 336. 
 
 were 
 
( 8 ) 
 
 were granted to his nionaftery of Croyland, and particularly 
 that of fandtuary for fuch criminals as mould fly thither, and 
 put themfelves under the protection of St. Guthlac; and this 
 great privilege is faid to have been procured by the favour of 
 Witlaff, a tributary king of Mercia. 
 
 I (hall add one more proof of the refpect paid to him and 
 his memory by after- ages * ; for in a deed of donation to the 
 monaftery of Croyland, he is mentioned in conjunction with 
 no lefs a name than that of the Supreme Maker and Director of 
 all things. The deed itfelf runs thus : 
 
 " Sciant, 8cc. quod ego, Hugo de Lambert, dedi, 8cc. Deo, 
 " 8c St. Guthlaco, 8c monafterio de Croyland tres acras prati in 
 <c Wefton [co. Northampton]. T. Reginaldo GifFard ; Wal- 
 <c tero, capellano ; Rogero, clerico ; Godwino Ringe ; 8c Everardo 
 u de Pinchchoile." 
 
 The pofTeflions of this monaftery confifted of the whole ifle 
 of Croyland, which may properly be fo called, as it is inclofed 
 by deep bogs and pools, except on the North and Eaft fides, 
 and even thefe approaches to it are not the raoft commodious. 
 The lingular and retired fituation of this fpot of land was 
 heretofore the parent of many ftrange appearances of daemons 
 and fpirits ; but the writers of thofe times inform us they were 
 all expelled by the piety and authority of St. Guthlac. 
 
 * MS Colleftiones Johannis Bridges, Armigeri, Vol , fo. 76 ; ct e libro cartarum MS. 
 
 inter libros Vincent, N. 88, p. 3. 
 
 Whi- 
 
( 9 ) 
 
 Whether the monaftery of Croyland in courfe of time at- 
 tracted any endowments that had been made by munificent 
 benefactors to the hermitage of St. Guthlac, I cannot fay ; but 
 I have met with the following mention of it in an inquifition 
 taken in the reign of Richard the Second. 
 
 lnquifitio capta apud burgum Sancli Petri, &c. quod non eft 
 ad dampnum regis li rex concedat Jacobo le Roos, chivalier, 
 8c aliis quod ipfi dare poffint unum meffuagium 8c duas acras 
 terrae vocatae le Hermitage Place of Saint Guthlac in Marham 
 capellano cantuariae per ipfos affignando, praefato capellano et 
 fuccefforibus fuis capellanis cantuariae prsedictae in perpetuum 
 infra hermitagium praedictum 8c quod praedicta tenentur de 
 abbate de Burgo, per fervicium unius Floris Rofae, 8c valet 
 per annum xiid *. 
 
 Whether there is any error in the date of this inquifition* 
 or whether the premifes were granted as abovementioned, with- 
 out permiffion fo to do (which is not probable, as the inqui- 
 fition muft have been returned), I am not able to declare ; ne- 
 verthelefs the following record appears to have been made two 
 years after the date of the beforementioned inquifition. 
 
 Anno 22 R. II. m. 17. 
 
 « Jacobus de Roos 8c alii dant imam marcam pro licentia 
 £< quod ipfi unum meffuagium 8c duas acras terrae vocatae the 
 " Hermitage Place of St. Guthlac in Marham dare poffint 
 " capellano cantuariae per ipfos infra hermitagium Sandji Guth- 
 " laci in Marham nuper fundatae habenda ad manum mor- 
 " tuam. T. s Novemb t.'' 
 
 * 20 R. II. No. 73 ; MS. Cotle&iones Johannis Bridges, armigeri, vol. D. fo. 104. See 
 Bridges's Northamptonfliire, II. 521. 
 
 i MS. Col'.e&iones Johannis Bridges, armigeri, Vol. I. G' fo. 117 ; Rot. in Turrc Lond. 
 22 R. II. m. 7. 
 
 B It 
 
It is not unlikely but that this fecond proceeding was in- 
 tended to fupply the deficiency of licence to alien in the 
 former donation, or elfe we muft fuppofe the former grant was 
 not intended to take effect till the abovementioned authority to 
 make it was procured. 
 
 The following writers have either written the life of St, Guth- 
 lac, or mentioned fo much of his virtues as may juflify the 
 account I have given of him. 
 
 1. Ordericus Vitalis, Hift. Ecclef* p. 537. 
 
 2. Dugdale, Monafticon, vol. I. fo. 164 *. 
 
 3. Vetus Calendarium de vitis Sanctorum in Bibl. Cotton, fub 
 Julio, A. x, agitur de vita St. Guthlaci fub numero 6. 
 
 4. Vita Sti. Guthlaci, per Elfridum monachum, ad Alvoldum, 
 Regem Saxonum Orientalium, Vefpatian, D. xxi. 2. 
 
 5. Godlac, the Holy Man. No. 2576, in Bib. Bodl. 
 
 6. Vita Sancli Guthlaci anachoretoe, MS. quod notatur fcriptum 
 fuilfe ante Conqueftum. in Bibl. Collegii Sandi Benedicti. 
 Cantabrigise. 
 
 .7. In Armario Regali apud Weftmonalt. eft alia MS. Vita Sancti 
 Guthlaci. 
 
 8. Altera in Bibl. Cathedrali de Carlifie. 
 
 9. Felix, an antient monk, alfo wrote his Life. See Camden's 
 Britannia, Lincoln (hire. It is printed in Appendix to the 
 Hiftory of Croyland, N° LXIV. p. 131 t. 
 
 10. Vita Guthlaci, per Petr % Elereman. Bibl. Cott. Jul. C. VI. 
 fol. 88. 
 
 * See Hirtory of Croyland, Bibl. Brit. Top. XI. p. 155. 
 
 t In the Britifh Mufeum there are three copies of this life of St. Gtrthlac. That from 
 which the prefent copy is printed is in Harl. MSS. 3097. 6. — A fecond, whence the divifion of 
 the chapters is chiefly taken, is among the Colton MSS. Nero. E. I. a large folio vellum MS., 
 written about the tenth century, and contains the lives of about 1 40 faints, amongft which, at 
 N. 44, is that of St. Guthlac, in 22 pages, double columns. The edges are damaged by the 
 fire, but the writing is all preferved. — In the Royal MSS. 13 A. is an older copy of the fame, 
 which bas been collated with fome other MS, and explanations interlined. At the end of the 
 laft mentioned MS. is written, "Autorhujus libri dicitur effe Felix Croylandienfis qui claruit 
 *' anno D'ni 730 fub Ethelbaldo Merciorum rege. Scripfit etiam Matheus Parifienfis vitam. 
 " Guthlaci, et Gulielmus Ramfey fed carmine." 
 
 6: PLATE 
 
C ) 
 
 PLATE I. 
 
 Among the antient deeds and papers of the Cottonian Col- 
 lection, which the attention of Mr. Ayfcough is now arranging, 
 there was found a roll of paintings in rounds, exhibiting the 
 principal events in the life of this Saint, and expreflive of the 
 fkill of our Saxon anceftors in hiftory painting. The firft of 
 thefe rounds, being divided in two by time or accident, feems 
 to reprefent the Saint with his name over him, in a fortified 
 place or camp, among his military comrades, whom in the 
 next compartment he is quitting with an air of precipitation 
 and horror. They are habked in mail with round helmets 
 furnifhed with the nafal or vifor down, fmall pointed fhields 
 charged with devices and long heavy fpears, and are leading 
 their feveral horfes. Over them is written, Comilitones Guthlaciy 
 and over him Guthlac 1 and Guthlac* recedit ab exercitu fuo. 
 
( f } 
 
 V 
 
 I 
 
 E 
 
 W 
 
 O F 
 
 THE 
 
 BRIDGE and GH.URCH 
 
 WALMESFORD, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 \TC 7ALMESFORD, commonly pronounced IVandsford, is fituate 
 
 r? on both ikies of the river Nyne, or Neri the South 
 fide of it lying in Steppingdon parifh, Huntingdonshire, and the 
 North in Thornhaugh parifh, Northamptonfhire. Over the river 
 is a ftone bridge of 1 3 arches, with a wall of freeftone on each 
 lide. About the middle, where was formerly a crofs, is now a dial, 
 which divides the county. On the Eaft wall is this infcription : 
 Hunc Northampton reparat sumptibus comitatus ; and, 
 on the other, the like for Huntingdonshire ; the repairs of the 
 bridge being maintained by each county for its refpeclive part. 
 
 Walmesford is not mentioned in Domefday, but appears to 
 have been part of the knight's fee which Anketil St. Medard 
 held of Burgh abbey, and his family held it to the reign of 
 Henry III. This manor or lord (hip was probably afterward in- 
 cluded in Thornhaugh liberty, and came into the hands of 
 William de Lifours, whofe daughter married Humphrey BaJJing* 
 
 * This river, otherwife called " iws, approaching Huntingdonfhire, runs under a beautiful 
 bridge at Walmesford." Camden's Britan. II. 166. Dr. Stukeley, in his Hiftory of Caraufius, 
 I. 171, 172, puts this place among a chain of forts, which he traces along the river, merely 
 perhaps from the firft fyllable of its aamc, 
 
 A T 
 
 barmy 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 borne, and of her grand Ton the Folkejworths held : as did after- 
 ter wards the Knyvets, Kerbys, and others. 
 
 The duke of Bedford is now lord of Stibington and Walmes- 
 ford manor, and of the whole town in both counties. 
 
 The church is a chapel of eafe to Thornhaugh, 29 feet 10 
 long, by 25 feet 5, and confifts of a body leaded, and a low 
 North aile tiled, with a chancel. On the Weft tower is a fex- 
 angular fpire containing 2 fmall bells ; and on the South door 
 are the two coats of arms reprefented in the plate. 
 
 Within the church there are neither arms nor monumental 
 infcriptions ; and the greater!: curiofity is the leaden font, which, 
 though not noticed by Mr. Bridges % is one of the four in- 
 itances of fonts made of that material, mentioned in the account 
 of fonts in the Tenth volume of the Archaeologia, p. 187. 
 The figures on it are very rude, and made more fo by the 
 coats of plafter with which it has from time to time been in- 
 crufted. 
 
 * Vol. If. p. 606, 607. 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 Portrait of St. PETER. 
 
 OF this curious figure we have only to obferve, that it was 
 both drawn and engraved by Mr. Schnebbelie, from a 
 painting on glafs, of the fame lize with the plate, which 
 was once in the collection of the late David Wells, efq. F. S. A. 
 of Burbach * in Leicefterfhire ; who purchafed it, with many 
 other fimilar curiofities, in Flanders ; and on the death of Mr. 
 Wells f, his collections being fold by auction, this portrait was 
 bought by Mr. Throfby of Leicefter, who itill pofTefles it. 
 
 * Burbach is a chapelry in the parifh of Afton-Flamvile, of which church St. Peter is the 
 patron faint. ' 
 
 -f- Of Mr. Wells, who died May i, 1790, fee fome account in the Gentleman's Magazine,, 
 vol. LX. p. 477. 
 
( » 
 
 ) 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 A DECANTER, 
 Ornamented by QUEEN ELIZABETH; 
 
 Delineated by Mr. SCHNEBBELIE in 1788. 
 
 HIS curious glafs decanter, which tradition afcribes to 
 
 Queen Elizabeth, is in the poffeffion of the Rev. John 
 Milner, of Winchelter, F. A. S. to whom it was given by Mr. 
 Knight, who held an office in the Dock-yard at Portfmouth. 
 Mr. Knight had received it as a prefent from Mr. Thompfon, a 
 Surgeon of the Royal Navy ; who conftantly averred that the 
 curiofity in queftion had been carefully preferved in his family 
 ever fince the days of Elizabeth. Mr. Milner, having lately 
 made enquiries after this gentleman at Portfmouth, had the 
 mortification to hear that he died in the Weft Indies. 
 
 The neck of this velfelis 1 inch | wide, 54. long, the body 4 
 inches high, 7 ~ diameter with the ornaments ; 61 without. 
 It is formed into 8 pannels, each different ; holds upward of 
 two quarts, and is fuppofed to have been ornamented with a 
 diamond by Queen Elizabeth, when in confinement in the reign 
 of her lifter Mary. 
 
 O F 
 
t 
 
( >3 ) 
 
 PLATE II. 
 
 THIS fecond fet of drawings of the life of St. Guthlac 
 reprefents him retired to Rependune *, or Repton, where 
 " before A. D. 660, was a noble monaftery of religious men 
 and women, under the government of an abbefs, after the old 
 Saxon way t ; wherein feveral of the royal line were buried f. 
 The abbefs at this time was named Ebba §, though Leland [| 
 calls her Alfrytba, from the Chronicon of Marianus Scotus, 
 whofe words he cites, " A. D. 719, Guthlacus Reppandune mo- 
 nafterium adiit, ibique fub abbatifla nomine Alfrytha tonfuram 8c 
 clericalem habitum fufcepit." She is called Aelfrid in the Life 
 of Guthlac, Hiftory of Croyland, Bibl. Top. Brit. p. 137. 
 
 The bifhop who performs the tonfure, but has no name inferted 
 here, was probably Hedda, or Eatbed % who filled the feeof Lich- 
 field and united it to that of Sidnacefter, from 692 to 721, 
 and dedicated the church of Lichfield, A. D. 700 **. The 
 garment fufpended on a beam above is probably the clerical 
 one which Guthlac was about to affume. 
 
 No fooner was the holy man received into the bofom of 
 the church, than he determined to lead an eremetical life, of 
 which he had imbibed a particular relifh during the 14 years 
 
 * Rapendune. Domefday. 
 
 f Tanner, Notit, Mon. p. 78. 
 
 X See a difcovery of 100 Ikeletons, arranged in a circle round one in a ftone coffin, about the 
 clofe of the laft century, Phil. Tranf. No. 100. Camden's Brit. II. 307. 
 
 § Leland names Edburga, daughter of Aldulph, King of the Eaft Angles, and grand- 
 daughter of Anna. 
 
 || lb. II. 278. She fent Guthlac a leaden coffin and linen fhroud, in which he was afterwards 
 buried, I. $90. 
 
 ** Godwin, de Prsfulib. edit. Richardfon, p. 310. 
 
 he 
 
( H ) 
 
 he lived at Repton, and haftened away to Croyland. His voyage 
 thither is the fubjecl: of the fecond of thefe rondeaux, where he 
 appears with a book in his left hand, in a malted vefTel, fteered 
 by a perfon of the name of Tathwinus, and rowed by a flngle 
 paddle. Whether the firft of thefe was the fame c tatwine of the 
 province of Mercia, and afterwards archbifhop of Canterbury, 
 731, having been a prefbyter of the mon after y of Briodun*, 
 does not appear. 
 
 It happened, when Guthlac was inquiring concerning the river 
 and fen, and town of Gronte and its inhabitants, Tatwin was 
 prefent, and gave him an account of an id and in a remote fo- 
 litary place, which feveral perfons had in vain attempted to in- 
 habit, but were obliged to abandon by the frightful appear- 
 ances they had feen there. This but awakened Guthlac's cu- 
 riolity, and he haftened in a fifhing-boat, tinder the divine 
 guidance, to this folitary ifland, then called Crowland. No per- 
 fon before him had ventured to live there alone. He landed 
 on the feftival of St. Bartholomew, whom he chofe for his 
 patron 
 
 * Leland, Collet. II. 164, ex Beda. 
 
 f Life, ubi fupra, p. 138, 
 
( x ) 
 
 PLATE 
 
 I. 
 
 HITTINGTON, of whofe church the annexed Plate 
 
 V V contains a drawing by the late Mr. Schnebbelie, is a 
 fmall parifh of about 14 or 15 hundred acres, diftant from 
 the church and old market-place of Chefterfield about 2 ~ 
 miles. It lies in the road from Chefterfield to Sheffield and 
 Rotherham, whofe roads divide there at the well-known inn 
 *fhe Cock and Magpye, commonly called 'Tbe Revolution-Houfe, 
 
 The fituation is exceedingly pleafant, in a pure and excellent 
 air; it abounds with all kinds of conveniencies for the ule of 
 the inhabitants, as coal, ftone, timber, 8tc. befides its proximity 
 to a good market, to take its products. 
 
 The church is now a little rectory, in the gift of the dean 
 of Lincoln. At firft it was a chapel of eafe to Chefterfield, 
 a very large manor and parifh ; of which I will give the 
 following fhort but convincing proof. The dean of Lincoln, 
 as I faid, is patron of this rectory, and yet William Rufus gave 
 no other church in this part of Derbyfhire to the church of 
 St. Mary at Liacoln but the church of Chefterfield ; and, more- 
 over, Whittington is at this day a parcel of the great and 
 extenfive manor of Chefterfield ; whence it follows, that 
 Whittington muft have been once a part both of the rectory 
 and manor of Chefterfield. But whence comes it, you will 
 
 fay, 
 
( * ) 
 
 fay, that it became a rectory, for fuch it has been many 
 years ? I anfwer, I neither know how, nor when ; but it is 
 certain, that chapels of eafe have been frequently converted 
 into rectories, and I fuppofe by the mutual agreement of the 
 curate of the chapel, the rector of the mother church, and the 
 diocefan. Inftances of the like emancipation of chapels, and 
 transforming them into independent rectories, there are leveral 
 in the county of Derby, as Matlock, Bontejhall, Bradley, &c. ; 
 and others may be found in Mr. Nichols's Hirtory of Hinckley, 
 p. 34, 91 ; and in his Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica, N° VI. 
 
 P. S3- 
 
 Fig. a. is an infcription on the Tingtang, or Saints bell, of 
 Whittington church, drawn by Mr. Schnebbelie, 27 July, 1789, 
 from an impreffion taken in clay. This bell, which is feen in 
 the annexed view, hangs within a ftone frame, or taber- 
 nacle, at the top of the church, on the out fide between the 
 nave and the chancel. It has a remarkable fine ihrill tone, and 
 is heard, it is faid, 3 or 4 miles off, if the wind be right. It 
 is very antient, as appears both from the form of the letters, 
 and the name (of the donor fuppofe) which is that in ufe be- 
 fore furnames were common. Perhaps it may be as old as the 
 fabric of the church itfelf, though this is very antient. 
 
 Fig. 3. is a ftone head near the roof on the North fide of 
 the church. 
 
 Fig. 4. is a fmall female Saint from the Eaft window of the 
 church. 
 
 In this window, A. a fefs vaire G. and O. between 3 water- 
 bougets Sable. Detbick. 
 
 Cheque A. and G. on a bend S. a martlet. Becker ing. 
 At the bottom of this window an infcription, 
 
 3&ogero Crtc 
 
 Roger Criche was rector, and died 141 3, and probably made 
 the window. He is buried within the rails of the communion- 
 table, 
 
C 3 ) 
 
 table, and his flab is engraved in the fecond volume of the Sepul- 
 chral Monuments of Great Britain, PL XIX. p. 37, nothing 
 remaining of the infcription but 3lfltttt. 
 
 Fig. 5, 6, is a brafs fimpulum, copied by Mr. Schnebbelie, 
 from a drawing in my collection. It is hollow in the neck, 
 and is here reprefented in its true fize. The original is in 
 the pofTeffion of John Sawbridge, Efq. of Olantigh, Kent. 
 The contents were fmaJl, not more than a few drops* 
 
 SAMUEL PEGGE, Re&or. 
 
 Jan. 1, 1793. 
 
 PLATE 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 PLATE II. 
 
 In the upper part of the South window in the chancel of 
 Whittington church, is a picture in glafs of our Saviour with 
 the five wounds ; an angel at his left hand founding a trumpet. 
 See fig. i ; which is the lize of the original. 
 
 On a pane of the upper tier of the Weft window is the portrait 
 of St. John ; his right hand holding a book with the Holy Lamb 
 upon it ; and the fore- finger of his left hand pointing to the 
 Crofs held by the Lamb, as uttering his well-known confeflion, 
 " Behold the Lamb of God which taketh away the fin of the 
 World." See fig. 2 ; of which the original is nearly one-third 
 larger than the engraving. 
 
 Both thefe drawings were made by Mr. Schnebbelie, 27 
 July, 1789. 
 
 In the S. window of the chancel, is Barry wavy of 6 A. and G. 
 a chief A. Ermine and Gules. Barley. 
 
 Ermine on a chief indented G. or lozenge. 
 
 In the Eafternmoft South window of the nave is A. on a 
 chevron Sable, 3 quatrefoils Or. Eyre. This window has been 
 renewed ; before which there were other coats and fome effigies 
 in it. 
 
 S. P. 
 
( *s ) 
 
 PLATE III. 
 
 THE laft compartment left St. Guthlac taking his paflage td 
 Croyland. 
 
 The preient reprefents him building himfelf a chapel there, 
 having before erected a cottage in a hollow on the fide of a 
 hill, which cavity feems to have been formed by perfons digging 
 there for treafure, porlibly fuppofed to have been concealed in 
 the retreat of the neighbourhood from the fury of invaders. 
 
 Gutblacus edificit fibi capellam. 
 He is employed in drawing up the ftones in a bafket, which 
 a workman above takes hold of, his trowel lying behind him : 
 the altar, with its covering and the hangings over it, are alfo 
 fhewn. Behind Guthlac is another workman hewing {tone. 
 
 In this folitary retreat it was not long before Guthlac found 
 himfelf aflTailed by the Devil, who fet before him the whole 
 of his paft evil life in fuch ftrong colours, that he was almoit 
 driven to defpair. In this melancholy fituation he continued 
 three days, at the end of which time as he was ringing, "In 
 my diftrefs I called upon the Lord, &x." St. Bartholomew ap- 
 peared to him in the broad light of morning, arTuring him of 
 his conusant protection and fupport. From this time the grand 
 adverfary changed his mode of attack. The drawing repre- 
 fents an Angel accompanying St. Bartholomew, and this feems 
 implied in the words of his biographer " cum celefte adjuto- 
 rium angelice lucis adventafte prefentifTet, &.c." The rondeau 
 is infcribed Angelus 62? S*ci Bartbomeus loquunf cum Guthlaco ; 
 and over each of the figures are written their names. Guthlac 
 appears fitting in his chapel before the altar, and behind the 
 two figures peeps out his friend and companion Beccelinus or 
 Becely a clerk, who voluntarily offered himfelf to attend him 
 as his fervant, and to live under him in the fervice of God. 
 
( I ) 
 
 GREAT PA UN TON Church. 
 
 THE village of Great Paun ton, four miles South of Gran* 
 tham, and on the Eaft lide of the London road, is particu- 
 larly eminent for its beautiful church and tower, efteemed one of 
 the fineft buildings in this part of England, for which it is in- 
 debted to the liberality of John Ellis, Efq.* merchant of the Staple, 
 who, if not a native, owned the manor, and redded in the manfion- 
 houfe till his death. At his expence the church was completed 
 
 15*9. 
 
 The church confifts of a nave with two ailes, a chancel, and a 
 chapel adjoining to it. The nave refts on three pointed arches on 
 each fide, fpringing from octagon pillars with ring capitals, and 
 over them are clereftory windows of two days with quatrefoil tra- 
 cery. In the South angle of the chancel and nave is a flight of 
 Hone fteps to the rood-loft, formerly inclofed by a door, the hooks 
 to the hinges remaining. In the South wall of the chancel is a 
 pifcina, with two arches on each fide within, and a larger arch 
 Weft of it, and in the Eaft wall on the South fide of the win- 
 dow a locker, with a ftone fhelf, and the hooks of the hinges 
 remaining. In the North wall of the chancel a {loping flit 
 opens into the chapel, as if for the congregation to hear mafs 
 at, or for the purpofes of confeflion f. Before the fteps of the 
 altar are flabs for the wife of Wiiliam Winterton, and 
 daughter of Ralph Tunftall, rector of Grantham, October 5, 
 1698. Mors fceptra ligonibus aquat ; for Mrs. Elizabeth Churchill, 
 widow, December 8, 1770, 78, Mors mihi lucrum; and for 
 Sufannah, wife of William Winterton, rector, daughter of Mr. 
 William Curteis of Toynton, in the county of Lincoln, gent. 
 June 30, E713. 
 
 The North chapel has a pannelled wooden roof with a rich 
 cornice, two perks at the fides of the Eaft window, and a 
 
 * The arms of Ellis and his wife, Agnes Ayfcough, were in a North window of Swinefliead 
 church in the fame county of Lincoln. 
 
 f Such an one opens into the North chapel at LattoH, by Harlow, in Efiex. 
 
 tablet 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 tablet for George Jolland, late rector, who died January 1 8, 
 j 77 1, and his wife Elizabeth, 1752, 50, and 5 young children* 
 On a flab here is a brafs plate with this infcription in capitals . 
 
 SACRUM MEMORIAE 
 HENR1CI VALENT1NI GENER. QUI EX HAC CALAMITOSA 
 LACRYMOSA VALLE IN COELESTEM PATRIAM MIGRAVIT 21 
 DIE DECEMB r ANNO DOMINI 1626. 
 
 In the Eaft corner is an altar tomb of grey marble ftript of its 
 brafs ledge. On the South front [G] on a fefs [A] between 3 
 crefcents [O] 3 efcallops [Az.] Ellis, impaling Nebule [A & S] in 
 chief [G] 3 mullets, Afcough. Ellis (ingle. Barry wavy of 9 
 Az. and Gu. in chief a lion palTant guardant. At the Weft end 
 Ellis Angle. The creft feems a gerbe. 
 
 This is the tomb of the founder, and by it ftands an old 
 wooden communion table. 
 
 A flab for George Fleck, qui in fpe refurreBionis obiit 1693. 
 
 The font is fquare, the angles bevelled off, and refts on a 
 fquare fhaft. 
 
 The South porch is of ftonc, and has a chimney of the fame 
 materials for a fire place at the bottom of the church for melt- 
 ing lead, &c. 
 
 The fleeple ftands at the Weft end, and is richly embattled 
 and furmounted by 8 purfled finials, 4 at the angles and 4 in the 
 middle. Under the Weft window are the arms of England 
 fupported by a lion and griffin between the arms of Ellis and 
 Ay/cough, held by lions fquatted. Rich niches adorn the but- 
 trefTes of the tower, having the lamb and the fun in the ceil- 
 ing of their canopies. In the fpandrils of the Weft door angels 
 hold the coats of Ellis and Ayfcough % The fame changed are 
 held by figures at the bafes of the arch of the Weft window. 
 On each fide of the W T eft door is this motto on a tablet, 
 
 XDpnfe ana tijanft d5oD of all* 
 
 repeated on the South fide, under the arms of England between 
 
 * See the Plate, fig. I. 
 
 the 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 the other two figures, and on the North fide, where there 
 are no arms. See fig. 2, 
 
 The water table of the tower is adorned with beautiful com- 
 partments of 3 patterns, as fig. 3, and various devices here 
 feverally reprefented. To begin from the Eaft corner to the 
 Weft door, the firft that occurs is broken ; the fecond is a 
 merchants mark; 3. a Gothic C; 4. a flower; 5. the holy- 
 lamb ; 6. a dragon ; 7. a woolfack, with a merchant's mark and 
 flag on it ; 8. another £7; 9. 10. fome initials like ti or fQf, 
 perhaps 3^^> 11. a flower; 12. a woolfack with a mer- 
 chant's mark ; 13. a fhip and a man in it; 14. a rofe ; 15. two 
 boys wreftling ; 16. feems initials broken; 17. a woolfack; 
 18. a flower; 19. another C From the Weft door Southwards 
 we have, 20. fc; 21. ; 22. flowers; 23, and a church 
 window ; 24. broken; 25. a woolfack and a merchant's mark ; 
 26. 27. flowers; 28. 29. feem to have been intended for ^C's ;. 
 at the foot of the laft are two dogs ; 30. was 2 dragons ; 31 to 
 j 5 incluiive, flowers, or broken and indiftincl:. 
 
 In the church-yard is this epitaph, 
 
 " In Alfo 
 memory of Sarah his 
 
 John Parke, wife, who 
 
 who departed this departed this life 
 
 life Sept. April 15, 
 
 3, 1788, 1789, aged 84 
 
 aged 82 years. years. 
 They lived in wedlock 
 60 years. 
 
 The laft good office being a tribute 
 due to all indulging parents to per- 
 petuate their memory, which is 
 dear to the donor." 
 The oldeft regifter begins with marriages, 1653, where we 
 find thefe remarkable entries : 
 
 2 "1653. 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 <« 1 65 3. The purpofe of marriage between A. B. taylor, and 
 C. D. bafket-maker, was publiftied the firft time on the Lord's 
 day 16 Oct. 3 653 ; the fecond time on the Lord's day Oct. 23 ; 
 the third time on the Lord's day Oct. 30. Memorandum, that 
 the marriage between the above was confummated the ad day 
 of November, 1653, by and before me Thomas Milles. 
 
 Thomas Raftall married 1653, before me Edward Towne, 
 Alderman. 
 
 Thomas Bailly, Alderman. 
 
 Henry Hungerford, Rector, 1 6 23 — 1640. 
 
 Charles Harrington, Rector, 1 641. 
 
 Charles Hoole, Rector, 1642. 
 
 Thomas Raftell, Minifter, 1 647. 
 
 r \ Ta. Twift, Rector de Paunton Magna. 
 16743 J 
 
 Churchill died Rector 17 9 h and was buried at 
 
 Little Paunton adjoining. 
 
 Leland * calls " Panton a village." Camden fays, «f The 
 river Witham foon after its rife comes to the town of Paun- 
 ton, which lays claim to fome antiquity, and often turns up 
 Roman pavements, and had formerly a bridge over the river : 
 for that this was Ad Pontem placed by Antoninus 7 miles 
 from Maro-idunum the name of Paunton and the diftance not 
 only from Margidunum but from Crocolana, which name An- 
 toninus gives Ancajler, plainly proves t." Baxter % agrees with 
 Camden in placing Ad Pontem here. Stukeley § makes it Cau- 
 fenna, in which Salmon || agrees with him, placing Ad Pontem 
 at Eqft Bridgeford in Nottinghamftiire, Horfley ** puts it at 
 Southwell Dr. Stukeley obferved many arched vaults about 
 Great Paunton : and fays many Roman coins have been found 
 here and in all the neighbourhood round ; alfo Mofaic pave- 
 ments, Roman bricks and urns. A filver coin of Trajan was 
 found by the high dike in ditching near the woodnoll in 
 Little Paunton ft. 
 
 * Itin. VII. 51. + II. 227. % Gloffary in voc. § I. p. 80. 
 
 || New Survey, p. 293. ** Brit. Rom. p. 439. ft Stukeley, I. 84, 2d. edit. Camden II. 520. 
 
HORNSEY CHURCH. 
 
 THE parifti church of Hornsey, in old records written Ha- 
 ringeye, occurs early in the 1 4th century, in the regifters 
 of the fee of London, the bifhops of which are patrons of the 
 rectory. It is an antient ftructure, confifting of a nave with two 
 ailes, a chancel of the fame pace with the nave, and a fquare 
 Weft tower ; in the Weft face of which are the figures repre- 
 fented at the bottom of the plate ; two angels holding fhields, 
 with the fee of Canterbury impaling a pale lozenge, and the 
 fee of London impaling Gules 3 efcallops, with a goat's head 
 above a fefs Or, probably thofe of Warham, who bore 
 thefe arms, and was bifhop of London 1502 — 1594; and 
 round their feet are fcrolls, which once bore infcriptions now 
 entirely defaced. The fragments in the window contain a 
 requeft to pray for the foul of a man and his wife, who per- 
 haps contributed the window. 
 
 Among the rectors of this church was Lewis Atterbury, elder 
 brother of the celebrated bifhop of Rochefter, from 1719 to 1731. 
 
 In the church-yard are monuments to Mr. Thomas Carnan, 
 bookfeller of St. Paul's church-yard, who died 1788; Richard 
 Holland, efq. citizen and leatherfeller of London, whole 
 " benevolence to mankind appeared by the great donations to 
 2 St. 
 
C * > 
 
 St. Bartholomew's hofpital in his life, and £.1000 at his death, 
 belides two benefactions to the poor of this parifh. He died 
 1760, aged 70." His fpirited exertions in favour of the free- 
 dom of toll for all citizens of London carrying goods through 
 Bartholomew fair, Smithfield, occafioned a fuit, which, after hear- 
 ing at Guildhall, was determined in his favour July 17, 1754 *. 
 
 Againft the wall of the South aile is an infcription : 
 
 » 
 
 " Promifed and made by Margaret countefs of Co'berJand. 
 
 Candifli derived from Noble Parentage 
 
 Adorned with Virtues and with Partes, 
 Mofl learned, bountifull, devout, and fage, 
 
 Graced with the Graces, Mufes, and the Arts : 
 Dear to his Prince, in England's Court adored, 
 
 Beloved of great and honourable Peers. 
 Of all efteemed, embraced, and defired. 
 
 Decreed to Death cut of his well employed years ; 
 Within the earth his earth entombed lies 
 
 Whofe heavenly part furmounted hath the Ikies. 
 
 An epitaph upon the death of the worfhipfull and rarely ac- 
 complished Matter Richard Candiflie, of SufFolke, Efq." 
 
 The two wives of Henry Clifford, who was created earl of Cum- 
 berland 1585, 17 Hen. VIII, and died 34 Hen. VIII, were both 
 named Margaret. The firft was daughter of George Talbot, earl 
 of Shrewfbury, who died foon after her marriage, without iffue ; 
 the fecond was daughter of Henry Percy, earl of Northumber- 
 land, who had 2 fons and 4 daughters f ; George, grandfon of 
 the former, and third earl of Cumberland, who died 1605, 
 married Margaret, third daughter of Francis earl of Bedford, 
 who died 1616 J. Which of thefe three ladies erected this 
 
 * Gent. Mag. vol. XXII. p. 382. vol. XXIV. p. 388. 
 f Dugdale, I. 344. % lb. 345. 
 
 mo- 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 monument, I am at a lofs to determine, for want of being able 
 to afcertain who Mr. Richard Cavendifh, the object of it, was. 
 
 The bifhops of London had a park here, now called The 
 Woods „ in which Norden mentions a hill or fort called Lodge- 
 Ht7/, feeming by the foundation to have been in old time a 
 lodge when the park was replenifhed with deer ; with the 
 ftones which came from the ruins of which, the church is faid 
 to have been built. In this park was a famous meeting of the 
 nobles, 10 Pvic. II. 1387, in a hoftile manner, to rid the king 
 of the traitors he had about him, Robert de Vere, duke of Ire- 
 land, Alexander Neville, archbifhop of York, and Michael de la 
 Pole, earl of Suffolk, who with others had confpired the deaths 
 of the duke of Gloucester, and the earls of Arundel, War- 
 wick, Derby, and Nottingham. While the king amufed them 
 with promifes of difmifling his favourites and remedying their 
 grievances, the duke of Ireland was advancing with an army 
 from Warwick to affilt them; but being met at Radcot-bridge 
 in Ox ford (hire *, was entirely routed, and obliged to quit the 
 kingdom ; by which means the king came again into the hands 
 of the other party, who took their revenge on their enemies t. 
 The king had fent the duke of Northumberland to Ryegate, to 
 arreft the earl of Arundel ; but he not fucceeding, the earl rode 
 all night with his army to llaringey wood J, where he found the 
 duke of Gloucester and the earl of Warwick with a confiderable 
 force §. 
 
 * Camden's Britannia, vol. I. p. 285. f Rapin, vol. IV. p. 415 — 418. 
 
 J Ad fylvam de Haringey, or Harynggeye. 
 
 \ Waliingham, Ypod. Neuftriae, p. 342, Hift. Angl. p. 330. 
 
( I ) 
 
 Cross at SOMERBY. . 
 
 THE crofs here engraved ftands in the church-yard of So- 
 merby, in the wapentake of Winebrugge, or Wivebridge^ 
 in the county of Lincoln, the adjoining parifh to Ropely, 
 which gave birth to bifhop Fox, and about 5 or 6 miles Eaft 
 from Grantham. The Angularity of the form, with the em- 
 battled pediment forming a triangle, with the tranfverfe, and 
 the embattled capital of the fhaft from which the tranfverfe or 
 crucifix part rifes, befpeak a novelty and elegance not frequently 
 met with in thefe monuments, though the triangular termi- 
 nation of the crofs is not unfrequent in illuminated MifTals. 
 The figure at the back may reprefent the Virgin Mary, who, 
 with the beloved difciple, is the ufual concomitant of thefe 
 reliefs. 
 
 The fpecimens in Dr. Stukeley's Itin. Cur. I. PL XI. prove that 
 Lincolnfhire was not behind the reft of England in the ftyle of 
 its crofTes any more than in that of its churches. 
 
r 
 
 Jfl. III. 
 
 TheEEVOLIJTION Houfe at WHITTXHGTON. 
 
 WHITTINGTO^" BECTOm;if89. 
 
( I ) 
 
 THE 
 
 REVOLUTION 
 
 HOUSE 
 
 A T 
 
 W H I T T I N G T O N. 
 
 HE fmall public houfe, which has been handed down to 
 
 JL pofterity for above a century under this honourable 
 appellation, obtained it from the accidental meeting of two 
 noble perfonages, Thomas Ofborne earl of Danby, and William 
 Cavendifh earl of Devonshire, with a third perfon, Mr. John D'Arcy, 
 privately one morning, 1688, upon Whittington Moor, as a 
 middle place between Chatfworth, Kniveton, and .Afton, their 
 refpe6tive relidencies, to confult about the Revolution, then in 
 agitation # ; but a fhower of rain happening to fall, they re- 
 moved to the village for fhelter, and fmimed their converfation 
 at a public houfe there, the fign of the Cock and Pynot f. 
 
 The part afligned to the earl of Danby was to furprize York, 
 in which he fucceeded ; after which, the earl of Devonlhire 
 was to take meafures at Nottingham, where the declaration for 
 a free parliament, which he, at the head of a number of gen- 
 tlemen of Derby fhire, had figned November 28, 1688 J, was 
 adopted by the nobility, gentry, and commonalty of the 
 Northern counties, afTembled there for the defence of the laws, 
 religion, and properties ■§. The fuccefs of thefe meafures is 
 well known ; and to the concurrence of thefe patriots with the 
 proceedings in favour of the Prince of Orange in the Weft, 
 
 * Kennct. t A provincial name for a Magpie, 
 
 J Rapin, XV, 199, § Deering's Nottingham, p. 2$$*. 
 
 13 
 
C * ) 
 
 is this nation indebted for the eftabliftiment of her right? and li- 
 berties at the glorious Revolution. . 
 
 The cottage here reprefented Hands at the point where the 
 road from Ghefterfield divides into two branches, to Sheffield 
 and Rotherham. The room where the noblemen fat is \ 5 feet 
 by 12 feet 10, and is to this day called fbe Plotting Parlour. 
 The old armed chair (till remaining in it is {hewn by the land- 
 lord with particular fatisfaction, as .that in which it is faid the 
 earl of Devonshire fat, and he tells with equal pleafure how it 
 was vifited by his defendants, and the defendants of his af- 
 fociates, five years ago. Some new rooms for the better accom- 
 modation of cuftomers have been lately added. 
 
 The commemoration of this great event on this fpot, No- 
 vember 5, 1788, is in every one's recollection*. It was pro- 
 pofed to erect there a handfome pillar of Derby fhire marble, 
 with a fuitable infeription, and a fubfeription was raifed for that 
 purpofe ; but as yet it has not been carried into execution. On 
 that day was delivered in the church of Whittington, engraved 
 in a former Number, to an audience that greatly overflowed 
 its narrow dimenfions, with all the energy that the fubject de- 
 manded, a fermon from thefe ftriking words : " This is the day 
 <£ which the Lord hath made, we will be glad and rejoice in it 
 by the learned and worthy rector, then in his 85th year, and 
 itili refiding in his parfonage-houfe there, in health and vi- 
 gour of mind ; where the writer and the printer of this 
 narrative have fpent many happy hours with him for four fuc- 
 ceflive years, and derived equal information and pleafure from 
 his inftructive conversation. With them, they recollect with 
 painful regret, was once joined the draughtfman of the above 
 fubjects. That the enfuing century may dawn on their re- 
 fpectable furviving friend at Whittington, is their earneft and 
 iincere wifh. 
 
 His fhort account of the fubjects of this Plate is here fubjoined. 
 
 * See a particular and animated account of it, much improved from the provincial paper*, 
 in the Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. LVIII. p. ioao, 1022. 
 -f- Pf. cxviii. z\, 
 
 x Mr. 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 Mr. Nichols, 
 
 Whittington, Feb. 12, 1 793. 
 
 F the Revolution-Houfe at Whittington, here drawn by the 
 
 V-x late Mr. Jacob Schnebbelie, Major Rooke, in the year 17 88, 
 when the Grand Jubilee was kept here of the Centenary An- 
 niverfary of that important and happy event, made a drawing ; 
 and, having caufed it to be engraved, diftributed copies to ail the 
 lords and gentlemen at dinner, together with a fhort account 
 written by me of the lords, Sec. afTembling at this houfe, 1688 ; 
 and, as I remember, the faid written narrative was re-printed 
 in The Gentleman's Magazine of the year 1789 *. The houfe has 
 undergone little or no alteration lince, except that to the Wed 
 of it, the prefent inhabitant of the cottage (for the Revolution- 
 Houfe is but a cottage) has erected a large convenient ftone 
 building upon his own freehold land for his own convenience, 
 which has a communication with the faid Revolution Houfe. 
 
 The Parfonage Houfe at Whittington, of which you have 
 here alfo a drawing by the late Mr. Jacob Schnebbelie, is a 
 convenient fubftantial {tone building, and very fufflcient for 
 this fmall benefice. It was, as 1 take it, erected by the Rev. 
 Thomas Callice, one of my predeceffors ; and, when I had been 
 inducted, I enlarged it by pulling down the Weft end, making 
 a cellar, a kitchen, a brewhoufe and a pantry, with chambers 
 over them. There is a glebe of about 30 acres belonging to 
 it, with a garden, large enough for a family, and a fmall or- 
 chard. The garden is remarkably pleafant in refpect to its fine 
 views to the North, Eaft, and South, with the church to the 
 Weft. There is a fair profpect of Chefterfield church, diftant 
 about two miles and a half; and of Bolfover Carrie to the Weft ; 
 and, on the whole, this rectorial houfe may be efteemed a very 
 delightful habitation, 
 
 Yours, affectionately, 
 
 SAMUEL PEGGE. 
 
 * Vol. LIX. p. 124. 
 
< 
 
( If ) 
 
 PLATE IV. 
 
 ONE day while Guthlac and his friend St. Bartholomew were 
 in earneft converfation together, two devils, in human form, 
 fuddenly prefented themfelves, and joined them, fuggefting an 
 habit of fafting to the hermit, who, forthwith feeing their de- 
 fign, put them to flight. Shortly after he found himfelf af- 
 failed, during his nightly prayer, by an holt of unclean fpirits, 
 who, infinuating themfelves through every crack and crevice of 
 the building, filled the whole with their ugly fhapes. They 
 had fierce countenances, terrible figures, great heads, long necks, 
 lean faces, ghaftly complexions, dirty beards, hairy ears, four 
 fronts, favage eyes, ftinking mouths, teeth like horfes, fire- 
 belching throats, blubber-lips, hoarfe voices, burnt locks, puffed 
 cheeks, high chefts, fcaley thighs, bowed knees, crooked legs, 
 fwoln ancles, dillorted feet, wide mouths ; and uttered dilTonant 
 clamors. In an inftant they bound the holy man hand and foot, 
 and, hurrying him out of his cell, plunged him in the mire of 
 the fen, and dragged him through the bufhes, tearing- his 
 limbs. After they had made him pafs the greater part of the 
 night in thefe trials, they gave him a little refpite, and com- 
 manded him to quit the defart. * On his ftedfaft refufal they beat 
 him with iron whips, and then raifed him up aloft in the air, 
 which to the North was darkened by horrible flights of unclean 
 fpirits, who hurried him away to the very mouth of hell, and 
 gave him a view of its varied torments. They were even on 
 the point of thrufting Guthlac into it, when his friend St. Bar- 
 tholomew appeared for his refcue, and commanded them to 
 convey him back to his cell. 
 
 2 Thefe 
 
( 18 ) 
 
 Thefe are the fubjects of Plate IV, being the 7th and 8th ron- 
 deaus of the Saint's hiftory. The firft of thefe is fuperfcribed, 
 
 Demones ferunt Guthlacum in aerem 
 
 Under him in the cell or oratory is left his companion Bee 
 celinus. 
 
 On the other is written, 
 
 Demones ferunt Guthlacum ad portam inferi. 
 St. Bartholomew brings a whip to Guthlac. 
 Sc's Bartbolom fert flagru Gutblaco. 
 
 This inflrument of mortification of himfelf, and rebuke of 
 the evil fpirits, is the conftant emblem or device of Guthlac. It 
 appears in the hand of his ftatue on the beautiful Weft front 
 of his abbey church, and under the feet of the image is a demon 
 crufhed. It was alfo adopted on the town-piece of Cropland, 
 1670. This circumftance is not however noticed in the life 
 of him by Felix, which fo well illuftrates the drawings. 
 
( I ) 
 
 HOSPITAL of St. CROSS, WINCHESTER. 
 
 THIS plate reprefents part of the cloitter on the Eaft fide of 
 the fquare at the Hofpital of St Crois, reaching from the 
 porter's lodge to the North tranfept of the churn, over which is 
 a gallery or range of decayed apartments, fuppofed to be a part 
 of the lodging rooms of the poor people on the original foun- 
 dation of bifhop Henry de Blois, who were probably in pro- 
 cefs of time forced out by the matter and brethren of the latter 
 foundation, or by the decay of their lodgings and revenues, 
 which might have become no longer able to receive and fupport 
 them. Againft the walls of this gallery, as well as on the 
 mantle- piece of the porter's lodge, is infcribed Dilexi Sapientiam, 
 and the initials of Robert Sherborne, matter of this hofpital, and 
 afterwards bimop of St. David's and Chichefter, with the date 
 
 I503- 
 
 On the outlide of the cloifter is the infcription here given, 
 
 Henricus Compton epifcopus. 
 
 He was alfo matter, and promoted 1674. to the fee of Oxford 
 and the next year to that of London. 
 
 * Hiftory of Winchefter, vol, II. p, 231. 
 
( I ) 
 
 PAINTINGS in the CHURCHES of 
 
 GRAFTON REGIS and WOLD/ 
 
 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 
 " /~\N the North fide of the fcreen, as you enter the chan- 
 V^/ nel, is the picture of a perfon with a head in his hand, 
 and over the head, in Gothic chara&ers, SXNETVS DIONYS1VS*." 
 
 The pictures of Saints on fcreens are not uncommon in our 
 parochial churches ; at Erpingham, in Norfolk, are twelve t ; 
 at Cqflle Acre are the twelve apoilles J ; the fame at Poringland, 
 and the fall $ ; at Goodejlon with other figures || ; in the North 
 aile at Swaffham faints men and women ** ; at Aykjham, faints, 
 martyrs, and confeffbrs it ; at Mar/ham faints at Burnham 
 Norton eight faints §§ ; at Upwe//, New Teffament hiftory |||| ; 
 the fcreen at Woodbridge in Suffolk, has a number of beautiful 
 figures, of faints, male and female, in tolerable prefer vation. 
 
 Of all the Roman miffionaries fent into Gaul, St, Dionysius 
 the Areopagite, whom St. Paul converted at Athens, carried 
 the faith the fartheft into the country, fixing his fee at Paris, 
 where he built a church, and converted great numbers to the faith. 
 He feems to have fuffered martyrdom *** in the perfecution under 
 Valens •ffjvf, A. D. 272, being beheaded together with a prieft and 
 deacon, after a long and cruel imprifonment. His companions 
 tongues pronounced the praifes of Chrill after their heads were 
 cut off. But St. Denys, by a more extraordinary power, rofe 
 
 * Bridges, Northamptonfhire, Vol. I. p. %o\. + Blomefiekl, Vol. III. p. 144. 
 
 % Bipmefield, Vol. IV. p. 489. «S lb. Vol. III. p. 300, 301. . || lb. 4O3. 
 
 ** To. 508. ft lb. 554. XX lb. 560. §§ lb. 733. |!|! Ib. Vol III; p. 188. 
 
 *** Gregory of Tours, liift. Vol. L cap. 30. 
 
 •fit Butler's Lives of the Saint?, Oft. 9 Others fay, Trajait. 
 
 up 
 
( a ) 
 
 up on his feet, took his head in his hands, and carried it two 
 miles from the mountain where he was beheaded, accompanied 
 by angels and a great light, to a place where lived a lady- 
 named Catula. She received him, and committed both body and 
 head to the grave, together with thofe of his companions, which 
 were ordered to be thrown into the river Seine *, The 
 Chriftians foon built a chapel over the tomb, and in 469 a 
 church much reforted to by pilgrims. Dagobert, who died 
 638, founded a great abbey in this place, where he was in- 
 terred, and which has for many ages been the burial place of the 
 French kings. It was magnificently rebuilt by abbot Suger, about 
 1 1 40. The relics of St. Dionyfius and his two fellow-fufferers, 
 Rufticus and Eleutherius, are kept here in three filver fhrines. 
 The head of St. Dennis is made of gold, with a mitre, and co- 
 vered with pearls and precious ftones, fupported by two an- 
 gels of enamel gilt, and a third of the fame materials in front, 
 holding the reliquary of gold, fet with pearls and precious 
 {tones, inclofing a ihoulder-blade of the faint. This (brine for 
 the head was the gift of Matthew de Vendofme, abbot of St. 
 Dennis, 1186. In the treafury of the church was a gilt ena- 
 melled image of the faint, pontifkally habited, holding his 
 mitred head in his right hand, exactly refembling the painting 
 before us f . On the porch of the church of St. Denys de 1' 
 Ettrce X, where he and his companions were buried, they are all 
 reprefented together without their heads §. Their bodies were 
 not buried in this, but in the great church of the abbey, the 
 other poiiefTing only fome relics of their garments and duft, in 
 three fquare leaden boxes, inclofed in three little tombs of 
 white marble, a foot long, difcovercd 1577 ||. Three figures of 
 
 * Doublet, Hift. de I'Abbaye c!e St. Deny?, Par. 1625, 4*0 cap. S, p 95, 96. 
 
 f Felcbicn Hiftoiie de I* Abb-iye.de St. Dennis, PI. II and III. p. 539, 546, 541. 
 
 J Or in ft) a til. 
 
 § Doublet, ubi tup p. q6. 
 
 Jl De Breul, lib IV. p 816. 
 
 thefe 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 thefe three martyrs in the nave of the great church re- 
 moved from before the high altar, are of the thirteenth cen- 
 tury. St. Denys is reprefented with a mitre and crolier be- 
 tween the other two who are m dalmatics, with books in their 
 hands 
 
 There is no allufion to this miracle in the fervice appointed 
 by the church on his anniverfary October 9, but only a general 
 reference to his martyrdom and that of his two companions. 
 
 When our Henry V. conquered France, he adopted the pa- 
 tron faint of the kingdom, and as fuch he appears in the 
 fcreen over the altar at the Eaft end of his chapel at Weft- 
 minfter pontifically habited even to his gloves, and holding 
 his head before him in both his hands. 
 
 In a South window of the nave of Fodringhey church in this 
 county, is a whole length of him, large as life, in pontificalibus 
 fprinkled with fleurs de lis, his crofier in his right hand, his 
 mitred head in his right, and above the neck, in glory, I H S. 
 Edward duke of York, {lain at the battle of Agincourt, founder 
 of the college here, probably contributed thefe ornaments in 
 compliment to his fovereign's fuccefs in France. 
 
 Richard de Widvile, lord of the manor of Grafton, was one of 
 the efquires of the body to Henry V. and appointed fenefchal of 
 Normandy, and the other parts of France, fubject to the king's 
 obedience. In the next reign he was made lieutenant of Calais, un- 
 der the duke of Bedford, and, after his deceafe, married his dow- 
 ager without licence from the king, for which he was feverely 
 fined, but afterwards taken into favour, and advanced to the 
 title of Baron Widvile of Rivers, Knight of the Garter, and fe- 
 nefchal of Aquitaine. All this fufficiently accounts for the ap- 
 pearance of St. Dennis in his parifh church. 
 
 The family of Widvile were pofTefTed of the manor of Grafton 
 in the reign of king John and probably before, and continued 
 
 * Le Beuf, dioc. de Paris, III. 20Q, 210. 
 f Sec Mr. Carter's Sculptures, No. 26. 
 
 3 
 
 here 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 here till the death of Richard earl Rivers, who died without 
 ifllie,. 1490, when it defcended to Thomas Grey, marquis of 
 Dorfet, eldeft fon of Elizabeth Widvile, queen of Edward IV. 
 by her firft hufband Sir John Grey, of Groby. His fon ex- 
 changed the manor with the crown. Henry VIII. erected it 
 into an honour, which Charles II. gave to his natural fon Henry 
 Fitzroy, created duke of Grafton 1675, whofe defcendant now 
 enjoys it. 
 
 To this painting one might apply thefe lines of John Morell, 
 
 in effigiem SUDionyJii Areopagita. 
 
 Hie eft ille proculdubio Dionyfius heros, 
 Quern geftare caput cernis utraque manu, 
 Quern Paulus docuit dicentem jura, regentem 
 Urbis Athenarum iudiciale forum, 
 Quemque fide tanta firmavit robore tanto 
 Pro Chrifto ut dederit colla fecanda lubens. 
 Eft idem ille fuum quern grata Lutetia myften 
 Agnofcit primum, Pontificemque colit, 8tc. 8cc, 
 
 The 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 The other figure in the fame plate is from the Eaft window 
 of the chancel of Wold or Old church in Orlingbury hun- 
 dred, in the fame county not far to the right out of the high 
 road from Northampton to Harborough. Mr. Bridges * defcribes 
 it as the portrait of a man in a blue gown lined with fur, with a 
 fcrip by his fide, and the devil on his back, and this infcription 
 on a label over his head : 
 
 21U Caterers 3 ti)e iwgijt ♦♦♦♦ fdjail 
 nac ym for youx tbargfjt 
 
 The true reading feems to be 
 
 31U timxtxs in fbt ♦ argijt 
 ^djali pac ym for pout tbatg!)t 
 
 Thefe fort of moralities or moral fen fences, accompanied with 
 fuitable figures, were not uncommon in the w indows of parifli 
 churches. One of the mod famous examples is, or was, in 
 the North window of Eeydon church in Norfolk, a little to the 
 Weft of Aylefham, where were twelve compartments " of 
 young fwearers, drunkards, dice-players, and other profligate 
 livers, with a reprefentation of hell and fuch finners as thofe 
 in its flames, placed there, no doubt as a view and warning- 
 piece for to deter youths from fuch living," and under each 
 compartment is written the oaths and blafphemies uttered by 
 the debauchees. After which follow feven lines of pathetic 
 exhortations and lamentations over them -f-. 
 
 * Vol. II. p. 132. 
 
 f Blomefield, Vol. Ill, p. 536, 537. 
 
Schnebbelii 
 
( I ) 
 
 FIGURE and FONT 
 
 A T 
 
 C O G E N H O E, 
 
 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 
 
 HE village of Cogenboe, in the hundred of Wincherfley, is 
 
 bounded on the Eaft by Whifton, on the North by Ecfton 
 and the river Nyne, and on the Weft and South by Brafield and 
 Whifton, In the reign of Henry II, it became the property of 
 a family who took their name from it, and continued poftefTed 
 of it till the reign of Henry IV. when it devolved by marriage 
 to the heirefs to the Cbeynes. Thefe held it till Charles Cheyne 
 
 fold it to Bond, and he to — - Linwood, prefent lord of the 
 
 manor. Peter Whalley, probably a relation of his namefake 
 who arranged Mr. Bridges's Collections for Northamptonshire, died 
 rector of the parifh, 1701, aged 68. 
 
 The church confifts of a body with 2 ailes, and South porch, 
 a chancel, and a Weft tower embattled containing 3 bells. In the 
 North Eaft corner of the porch is a holy- water bafon. In this 
 church was a chantry founded by William de Cogenhoe, pro- 
 bably great grandfon of Nicholas, who died 1 2 Richard II. for 
 one prieft for ever, to ring at our Lady's altar, and endowed 
 with lands and tenements valued 1535, 26 Hen. VIII. at £>6j. 4J. 
 
 2 
 
 but 
 
( * ) 
 
 but i Ed. VI. only at 50^. gd,^ per ann. This chantry feems to 
 have been fet at the North fide of the chancel, where are 
 marks of a large arch, now filled up, through which it was pro- 
 bably entered *. 
 
 J 
 
 On a tomb under the upper window of the South aile is the 
 figure of a Knight Templar completely armed from head to foot 
 in mail, with a round helmet of the fame, and a furcoat, and 
 over it a lingular belt. He is drawing his fhort fword with his 
 right hand, and on his left arm is a fhiekl charged with a fefs 
 between 3 mafcles. Under his head two cufhions, at his feet 
 a headlefs dog. This is faid to be the monument of Sir Ni- 
 cholas de Gogenhoe, lord of the manor in the reign of Ed- 
 ward I. and fuppofed to have built the church, the arms being 
 carved on the pillars of the nave. Againtt the upper. pillar of 
 the church on the Well fide is a bend linifter. Other coats 
 fcattered about are two hands couped erect, and a fefs, in chief 
 3 martlets, as here reprefented. 
 
 The font is Angularly placed againft a cluttered column, and 
 fupported by a figure in a gown, and curled hair : whether of 
 St. Peter y the patron Saint, cannot now be determined as the 
 arms are broken off. 
 
 William de Cogenhoe was rector here 1334; Nicholas 1343 ; 
 and William, fon of Sir Gyles lord of the manor, 1343. 
 
 * Bridges, vol. I. p. 347— 3 50. 
 
B..V. 
 
C 19 ) 
 
 PLATE V. 
 
 *: I iHE 9th rondeau reprefents the trial to which Guthlac him- 
 JL fclf was put by the appearance of innumerable forms of 
 beafts, wild and tame, affumed by evil fpirits. A roaring lion, 
 a bellowing bull, a raging bear, and various other animals ut- 
 tering their founds, and putting themfelves into the moft ter- 
 rific pottures. Thefe are here reprefented as uniting the human 
 form with that of beatt and bird, and the Saint having feized 
 on the foremoft, is giving him the difcipline of his whip. Over 
 his head is written, 
 
 Demones circumeundo domum 
 Guthlaci in diverfis formis beftiarum. 
 
 Guthlac' s name is written behind him. 
 
 The fubjecl: of the following rondeau is the difpofTeffion of 
 Ewa. one of the attendants on Ethelbald in his exile, who, 
 by the power of an evil fpirit, was deprived of his fpeech and 
 mental faculties, though he retained the free ufe of his limbs. 
 His relations, fearing it might terminate in incurable madnefs, 
 brought him to Guthlac ; and no fooner had he fattened the holy 
 man's girdle round his waift, than he felt himfelf perfectly 
 freed from his malady, and by conftantly wearing it continued 
 ever after undifturbed by the devil. 
 
 The infcription above is, 
 
 Guthlacus ejicit demonhim a quodam comite e jugulo Juo. 
 
 The hermit's name is over his head, and that of the patient 
 over his, Egg a. 
 
 Guthlac 
 
( 20 ) 
 
 Guthlac had before difpoflTerTed a young man named Henne- 
 fred, of a good family among the Eaft Angles ; who one day, as 
 he was fitting in bis father's houfe, was fuddenly feized with 
 an evil fpirit, and tranfported to fuch exceifes that nobody could 
 come near him or confine him. He had killed three men who 
 attempted it, and had continued in this deplorable ftate four 
 years without relief from any religious perfons. The fame of 
 our hermit's miracle having reached his parents, at length they 
 determined to fend him bound to Croyland. Guthlac led him 
 into his oratory, and continued in fading and prayer three days. 
 On the third day at funrife he fprinkled him with holy water, 
 and, breathing in his face, inftantly repelled the influence of 
 the evil fpirit, who never after molefted the young man. 
 
( I ) 
 
 AMPTHILL. 
 
 HE fubjecl: of this plate is the crofs erected in Ampthill 
 
 JL park by the prefent Earl of OfTory, 1773, from a delign 
 by the late Mr. James EfTex. 
 
 The town and caftle of Ampthill belonged to Sir John Corn- 
 wall, created Lord Fanhope 1 1 Hen. VI. and nine years after 
 Baron Milbrooke, who built the latter with the fpoils of the 
 French wars. His fon being killed at a flege in France he 
 retired, and died here 1443, 22 Hen. VI; and was buried in 
 the Grey Friars, London. In this old houfe, which flood on 
 much higher ground than the prefent, and belonged to Henry VIII, , 
 Queen Catharine refided during the procefs of the divorce, and 
 from hence Ihe was cited to appear before the commiflioners at 
 Dunftaple. In reference to this circumftance, the following 
 lines by the prefent Earl of Orford, are infcribed on the bafe 
 of the crofs, on whofe tranfverfe hangs a Ihield charged with 
 her arms impaled by thofe of England ; 
 
 2 
 
 " In 
 
" In days of old here Ampthill's tower was feen 
 
 The mournful refuge of an injured queen : 
 
 Here flow'd her pure but unavailing tears, 
 
 Here blinded zeal fuftained her finking years. 
 
 Yet Freedom hence her radiant banners wav'd, 
 
 And Love aveng'd a realm by pr'.efts enflav'd. 
 
 From Catharine's wrongs a nations blifs was fpread, 
 
 And Luther's light from Henry's lawlefs bed. H. W. 
 
 Johannes Fitzpatrick comes de Oflbry pofuit, i 
 
[ I ] 
 
 Painted Glafs at Burbach, in Leicestershire. 
 
 The fubjedt of the annexed plate is the appearance of Saint 
 Bartholomew, with his Hun on his left arm, to iix perfons, three 
 men and three women, who are worfhiping him. 
 
 This was copied, 1789, from a piece of painted glafs, the 
 property of the late David Wells, efq. of Burbach, F. A. S. 
 
 8 
 
( si > 
 
 PLAT E VI. 
 
 THE roll which has recorded fo much of the life of Guthlac, 
 pafTes next to his ordination to the priefthood on the fol- 
 lowing occafion. Headda, who filled the fee of Winchefter from 
 677 to 705, came to pay him a vifit, accompanied by his li- 
 brarian Wigfrid, who undertook to determine on the (incerity of 
 the Saint's profeflions, and to diftinguifh between them and the 
 pretenlions of certain Scottifh hermits to godlinefs and the gift 
 of prophecy, and other religious qualifications, Guthlac having 
 acquitted himfelf in a manner fatisfactory to the prelate, Headda, 
 in the midft of the converfation, intreated him to undertake the 
 facerdotal office : the hermit affenting, the bifhop firft confe- 
 crated the church, and then ordained Guthlac priett. 
 
 The bifhop pontifically habited, with the word pontifeX written 
 behind him, lays his right hand on the head of Guthlac, who, 
 kneeling, holds in his hands a chalice, as it is ufual to reprefent 
 priefts of all ranks on their monumental brafTes. Behind 
 the bifhop is an altar, covered with a cloth, and having on 
 it a chalice. Behind the new made prieft are five minilters of 
 religion, two of them in their proper habits, holding books : 
 the other three are barely feen by their heads above the others, 
 but all like Guthlac himfelf (hew the tonfure. The foremoft 
 has an open book, containing the ceremonial of confecration, 
 and wears a rich dalmatic, fattened at the breait by a fplendid 
 fibula (haped like a quatrefoil. Over the bhhop is Guthlac' fa- 
 cerdotium Jufcipit a Hedda ep'o iVintonenf^ 
 
 The 
 
( 34 ) 
 
 The twelfth rondeau contains the interview between Guthlac 
 and king Ethelbald, who had been driven from his dominions 
 by king Ceolred, and, overcome with fatigue, retreated to his 
 hermitage. The holy man adminiftered to him all the comforts 
 of affurance that Providence would not forfake him, but reftore 
 him to his throne, and grant him victory over all his enemies. 
 We fee him here fitting in his chapel before the altar, with a 
 book, probably the Bible, in his left hand, and with his up- 
 lifted right earneftly inculcating its doctrines and promifes on the 
 exiled monarch, who liftens to him with attention ; while be- 
 hind him fits equally attentive a young man, probably the 
 companion of his troubles. Over Guthlac is written Guthlac* 
 confolaf regent JLthelbaldum exulem. Over the king's head Ethel* 
 bald? rex. 
 
PLATE VIL 
 
 AFTER Guthlac had pafled fifteen years in his (late of foli- 
 tude, it pleafed the Lord to call him to eternal happinefs. 
 He was feized while at prayers in his oratory with a fudden ill— 
 nefs, which, after eight days, brought him to the point of 
 death, A brother named Becel y or Beccelinus, happened to be 
 with him at the time, and received his dying inftructions and 
 commands, and his prediction that he mould not outlive the 
 eighth day of his diforder. On the fourth day, which was 
 Eafter day, he received the holy elements of bread and wine 
 (for the Saxon church communed in both kinds), and preached 
 to his friend with uncommon perfpicuity. On the feventh day, 
 Becel vifiting him, about the fixth hour, found him lying in a 
 corner of the oratory overagainft the altar, but would not difturb 
 him with talking to him : but, on afking him for his laft com- 
 mands, the man of God raifing his weary body a little from the 
 wall, and fighing, delivered his laft directions to be given to 
 his filler Pega concerning his funeral and other matters. In the 
 night after this he expired. 
 
 The 14th rondeau reprefents him in the article of death, his 
 foul received by angels ; who attended with divine hymns, a 
 pillar of light like a tower of fire reaching from earth to hea- 
 ven, 
 
( 24 ) 
 
 ven, filling the room, to ufe the words of Guthlac's biographer. 
 His friend immediately conveyed the news of his death to his 
 fitter, who, three days after, agreeably to his directions, de- 
 pofed his body in the earth in his oratory. 
 
 The infcription in the thirteenth rondeau is, Guiblacus Ian* 
 guens loquitur cum Beccelino difcipulo fuo. 
 
 In the fourteenth Guthlacus tnoriens. 
 
 His foul, fuperfcribed anima, ifluing out of his mouth. 
 
C i ] 
 
 Groupe of Figures in Alto Relievo, at Burbach, 
 in Leicestershire. 
 
 THE annexed plate is a reprefentation of an antient piece of 
 fculpture in marble; an Iconeula, compofed of various figures 
 grouped in alto relievo ; which, after having been preferved for 
 many years as a curiofity in the manfion-houfe of a refpecrable 
 family in StafFordmire, was given to the late David Wells, efq. 
 of Burbach, F. A. S. 
 
 It is inclofed in a box, or tabernacle, with double doors, after 
 the old manner of pictures, the better to preferve it from injury 
 and duft, to be opened and fhut occalionally. Such reprefenta- 
 tions were formerly often placed in fmall oratories and chapels. 
 
 The middle figure is the head of St. John the Baptijl on a 
 difcus. On the right hand is an ArchbiiTiop, with the pontifical 
 crofs inftead of a crofier, the latter being appropriated to Bifhops 
 and Abbots. This figure may alfo be intended for fome Saint. 
 On the left is St. Peter ; at the bottom Lazarus riling from the 
 tomb. 
 
 At the top there have been two female figures, one whereof 
 is wanting, being broken off and loft ; the other remains perfect; 
 and by the wheel is meant for St. Catharine. 
 
 The drawing from which the plate is engraved was made by 
 Mr. Schnebbelie in 1789 ; and was then exhibited at the Society 
 of Antiquaries. This defcription of it was drawn up at the 
 fame time by Mr. Wells. 
 
I)ac i a . T Twml'aTidei n^n-ribm tii • c 
 Ijih/im nenDioir nui£a-uirjMA<Dolcc 
 pMfcTpi'itittt- r are-lira-r» irmrttnsnm- 
 "but; if ik nio f.iuptp n a • p r < 
 
 / 1 r 
 
 ni • 
 
 M • l ( . , 
 
 Rtrtii'-iv/iv wnpec 
 
 Rv/iLU"V/l V'Wllie (miC-CSCGT- PlflK/ 
 
 OS"" 7!"" 
 
 T Xl OD v \V( • JS| 
 
 9? 00 CO^-LLIV I VDQi) 
 
 Viv^s/ri. » 1 €(6 v|. 77 'D Vx OQCftOil. 
 
IN SCRIPTION 
 
 I N 
 
 SALISBURY CATHEDRAL. 
 
 The infcription here engraved in fac fimile was difcoverecl 
 in the late alterations of Salifbury cathedral on the face of 
 the lower part of the third buttrefs from the South end, near 
 the South door of the choir, over a coffin, which was then dug 
 up lying below two archer 2 feet 5 inches high. It may be 
 thus read, in part, reciting a lift of mulkal inftruments in 
 commemoration of fome member of the choir, or fbme eminent 
 murician of the church :. 
 
 $fc jacet tn tumfaa fifies tibia 
 
 mmftittit, muta iolet 
 
 l&faitermnt, ctlDera, itra, fiftra fiiuett 
 
 eonttcuere fuo funett 
 
 The infcription in capitals was on the South fide of the third 
 buttrefs from the Eaft end, and feems, by the concluding words. 
 Dux~cboriy to have been intended with a like view. 
 
 The has relief is a key-ftone over the chantry. 
 
 
 
if 
 
C *s 3 
 
 PLATE VIII. 
 
 The t 5th rondeau reprefents Beccelinus carrying the laft orders 
 of Guthlac to his lifter Pega, who is ftepping into a boat, with 
 her attendant, an holy man carrying a book and leaning on a 
 crutch, to go to Croyland to fulfil her brother's laft bequefts. 
 After ftie had been there three days, and performed the ufual 
 offices for his departed foul, on the third me depofited him in 
 the ground in his oratory. 
 
 This ceremony is the fubject of the 16th rondeau, where we 
 fee her at the head of the body fwathed up, depoliting it in a 
 handfome ornamented coffin, mperfcribed Corpus Gutb/ac, on a 
 bier, whofe legs are feen under it. She is aflifted by three men r 
 one of whom holds in his left hand a book, out of which he 
 repeats the fervice; while, with a crofter in his right, he is 
 incenfing the body. 
 
 Over them is written bic fepelitur Guthlacus. 
 Over the other round, Beccelinus fert mandata Gutblaci Fege>. 
 
 and 
 
 Pega Joror GutblacL 
 
( 2 7 ) 
 
 PLATE IX. 
 
 OF the two concluding rondeaux, N° 17, contains the legend 
 of Guthlac's appearing to king Ethelbald, founder of Croy- 
 land abbey, to whom he had been confefTor while he was only 
 earl of Mercia, and who was driven to a corner of the kingdom 
 by the intrigues of his coufin Ceolred, the reigning prince, from 
 709 to 7 16, In this retirement, hearing of the death of Guthlac, 
 he came to his grave, and offered up his prayers, with tears, 
 foliciting his interceflion. One night, as he lay in a cottage 
 formerly inhabited by the holy man, juft as he had clofed his 
 eyes, he was awaked by an extraordinary light, and the figure 
 of Guthlac in radiant garments, who gave his fuppliant the mofl 
 comfortable affurances of being reftored to his throne, and enjoy- 
 ing long life ; and, as a token of the event, he promifed him, 
 that next day, before the third hour, unexpected fupplies of 
 pro virion mould be brought to the inhabitants of this place, 
 which fell out accordingly. 
 
 The king, whofe name is written over his head, is repre- 
 fented kneeling before the tomb ; while his attendants are 
 fleeping behind, over whofe heads the virion re-afcends. The 
 faint appears to him pointing with the index-finger of his right 
 hand ; and holding in his left a box, or fhrine. 
 
 Infcription, Guthlac" regi Ethelbaldo apparet ad fepulcriC e? 
 vigilanti* 
 
 In the 1 8th rondeau is the hiftory of founding the abbey. 
 Ethelbald, royally habited, holds a fcroll, infcribed, 
 
 Ego rex Ethelbaldus do ft fedem abtfie cu' pftinentiis fuis foluttf 
 li&utn ab onii sY/an exaffione. 
 
 Twelve 
 
( a8 ) 
 
 Twelve benefactors behind hold other fcrolls ; and firft, by 
 anticipation, Turcbetell, coufin and chancellor to his fucceffor kiag 
 Edmund, and afterwards abbot of Croyland, holding a crofier. 
 
 E>o abbas furcbetelf do ft fextd parte* her edit at is mee. Wenli-* 
 buret 1 , Bebi\ Cotebd\ Hokintune*, Elmtntune^ Wirtborp b . 
 Behind him earl Algar : 
 
 Ejo Algaf comes do ft frd de Spalding elf de Pmeeb 9 elf 
 SyappeP & HoleV \ 
 
 Next, Kto Algaf diacort d* ft trd de Duvedic 9 eccPam cd 
 ptinmtiis. 
 
 Then, Ego Alar? cf Croun do tibi, paf Gutblace, priaratd d 9 
 Frefi' 10 cd p"tinent\ 
 
 Ego Ofwius do tibi fram de Dr attune ** f p'tinentiis. 
 
 Ego for old' vicecomes do fi frd de Buggehale 12 . 
 
 Ego Algaf Jii? Torlang" do tibiBaJlune ly cSP Teford 1 * cu tftinenf.. 
 
 Ego Ceolfus do tibi frd 1 de Halintune X K 
 
 Ego Norman vicecomes do tibi terra" de Suttune 16 6§f de Sta- 
 peltune 11 . 
 
 Ego Wolfnof do tibi frd* de Adinturf x% cd ptinentiis. 
 Ego Alfwinus comes do fi Moreburne^ cu ptin\ 
 Ego Frogifi do t% paf Gutbl\ Langetoft 20 cu p'tine'tHs. 
 Under an arch of the church is a man with his hands crofTed, 
 and confined in a ring, an unclean fpirit iffning from his moutll. 
 
 1 Wendlingburgh, 2 Beby,. co. Leic. 3 Cotenham. 4 Hockington. 
 
 5 Elmington. 6 Worthorpe. 7 Qjaplode. ' Holbeach. 9 South Dovedike. . 
 
 10 " Upon laying the foundation of the new abbey church at Croyland, A. D. 
 1 1 14, Alan de Croun gave thereta the advowfoq of the church of Vrifton ; and in 
 fome little time after fome other lands and churches hereabout ; and placed here a 
 prior and fome black monks fubordinate to that great monaftery, whom he farther 
 endowed before his death in the reign of Stephen." Tanner, N. M. p. 257 ; ex.. 
 P. Blefenfis, Hift. Croyland, p. 119-. 
 
 " Drayton. 42 Bukenhale. 13 Bafton. 14 Tetford, co. Cambridge. 
 
 M HalingtorL 16 Sutton Cheynell, and 17 Stapleton, both co. Leic. 
 
 ** Adington, in Soudnavefland hundred. '9 Moreburn, *° Langtoft* . 
 
( ^'/ / f////{/ k/s: /////// '/'//. 
 
 I / ut-fliap lure quttu i ^^^ghu^pj^pu^e^^jyf^ 
 QUI U(lll(tl(6)Ul!f Pill lU | P^fljgt^hnelonanomtj^eB fln%fcj)io 
 
 I10h O tpilfirt Hie QmtlSEpClf mPnr dilr, patfruofer tx Km ; 
 
R O T H Vv E L L, Co, 
 
 ^"pHE brafs figure here engraved 
 ■* chancel at RdtMvetf, ' c. Nbtt|Slj 
 the altar.' It reprefc;*u William #4- 
 
 Cropret 
 t&ph ad 
 
( I ) 
 
 ROT II W E L L, Co. Northampton, 
 
 THE brafs figure here engraved is on a large flab in the 
 chancel -at Rotbwelly c. Northampton, before the fteps of 
 the altar. It reprefents William de Roth well archdeacon of 
 EfTex reifor of Ealtwood in that county from 1327 to 
 1350 % and prebendary of Ifledon 3 135 1, chaplain to king Ed- 
 ward III. who the fame year gave him the eighth prebend in 
 the collegiate chapel of St. Stephen at WetlminfTer, and that of 
 Cropredy, c. Oxon, in the church of Lincoln. To thefe his epi- 
 taph adds two other pieces of preferment, Ferrying and Telmeton^ 
 the one a prebend in the church of Chichefter, in the gift of the 
 bifhop of that diocefe, who at that time was Robert Stratford 
 lord Chancellor, the other a vicarage in Devonshire in the gift of 
 the prebendary of King's Teynton in the church of Salifbuf y. 
 
 The infcription under the figure is as follows : 
 
 * 0ut f aime Militant De EottjetDeile qt cp eft fepttlc r 
 atx&ftatttn De 6ffer j&rofcenDev De ctoptupel), 
 iferrpng tt f tilmztm anotne $tm an i&op De gio> 
 tie qe De iut en ept ppte en honour De qt Depute- 
 ment Dites pater noftet et %u. 
 
 1 Newcourt, 1. 70. 
 
 2 Newcourt, I.. 565. But he mud have held this redtory two years earlier,, 
 by his petition to parliament, 1327, for tithe of all colts belonging to the 
 king's ftud feeding in Raleigh park ; as of chofe of other noblemen there alfo feed- 
 ing, againft John de Redemere keeper of the kind's ftud, who had delivered four of 
 the bed colts, to the then parfon of Raleigh, to the prejudice of Eaftwood church. 
 It was directed by the king and council that the keeper fhew caufe why he had fo 
 done. Rot. Pari. ). 429. 
 
 * Newcourt, I. 167. Hiftory of Canonbury, p. 41., 
 
 A fin 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 In another compartment, : 
 
 ifrunc %'tt tt peto miltri quefo 
 
 qtu bemftt tefcetm' p'D'tum ttolt Da' p'nare- 
 
 me tuu' teDe'ptuV 
 
 The date of his death is not given ; but it is fuppofed to have 
 happened in the reign of Edward III. 
 
 He was probably a native of this town ; and in the church 
 were, in Mr. Bridges's time, memorials of other perfons of the 
 fame name. There was Thomas Rothwell, temp. Hen. VI x . 
 William, prior of Daventry, 1389 — 1408 \ William vicar 
 of Evenle, 1538 — 1560 3 . Richard, fubdeacon, rector of 
 Green's Norton, 1269 4 . John rector of Brackley, between 
 1349 and 1392 5 . William vicar of Potterfperry, 1348 — 1358 6 . 
 Nicholas Rothwell of London, mealman, gave ^.100. to ap- 
 prentice poor children of Hardingftone, his native town 7 ; and 
 the like fum to the poor of the feveral parifhes in Northamp- 
 ton 8 . John Rothwell de Endreby was rector of Pitford, 1357 — 
 1360 9 . Simon was a benefactor to St. James's abbey at North- 
 ampton I0 . John was vicar of Welford between 1320 and 
 f 357 Richard* rector of Winwick, 1278 — 1289 I2 . John, 
 rector of Bowden Parva, 1228 l3 , of Bray broke, 1233 ,4 » 
 William, rector of Defborough, on the prefentation of Richard 
 Rowell, 1287. and William Rothwell, chaplain, was prefented 
 to the fame rectory by Roger de Rowell, j 309 I5 . Henry was 
 rector of Lodington, 1287 — 1319 l6 « Hugh, rector of Lower 
 Ifham, in Little Harrowden, 1341 — 1361 I? . William rector 
 of Warkton, 1435 lS . Laftly, one Rowell was thruft into the 
 rectory of Wittering, juft before the Reiteration T9 . 
 
 I Bridges, I. 13. 1 lb. 47. * lb. 167. 4 lb. 241. 5 lb. 150. 
 6 lb. 317. 7 lb. 362. 1 lb. 448. 9 lb 463. *° lb. 502. 
 
 II lb. C94. 14 lb. 604. ,J lb. II. 6. lb. ii. li lb. 27. 
 »• lb. 43. 11 lb. 108. ,s lb. 264. 19 lb. 609. 
 
 The 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 The church of Rothwell, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, con- 
 flicts of a nave with two ailes and a chancel. The nave refts on 
 five high pointed arches with cluftered columns with round 
 flowered capitals : the clereftories of the nave are over arches, 
 which range over the intervals of the lower arches. The choir 
 had fimilar arches and clereftories on the North fide, all flopped. 
 In it are eight flails on each fide the entrance, the upper part of 
 their ends adorned with fmall wooden ftatues of the apoftles, 
 in pairs back to back. At the Eafl end of the North aile was a 
 chantry chapel, now the veftry : that at the Eaft end of the 
 South aile, called Saunders's chapel, from Edward Saunders the 
 founder, whofe monumen' k near the North door, is now a 
 fchool. The crofs aile was taken down 1673, and the fpire 
 on the tower fell 1660, and beat down part of the tower and 
 chancel. In the North wall of the chancel are four large ftone 
 feats under arches, and Eafl: of thefe a double pifcina. 
 
 Of the old infcriptions given by Mr. Bridges remains only that 
 engraved in the plate : 
 
 Dtate pro amma SHicarin jBttm* 
 
 The infcription on Saunclers, incorrectly given by Mr. Bridges, 
 runs thus : 
 
 facet eotbatDus £>auniu*£ quonMm Be $ar* 
 
 pmgton primus fmiMtot 
 fyuitxs cantarie et ^oljanna nxm ej' qui qiu&em 
 
 CDtbatDus obttt xix 
 trie 3Jtmtt 5 %n° SD'ni $0 H° $WL3% quotum 
 
 atatws p'pinetur Wms* %mm. 
 
 Arms : a chevron counterchanged between three boars heads, 
 impaling on a bend three lions paffant guardant. 
 
 A 2 On» 
 
C 4 ) 
 
 On a brafs tablet on an altar-tomb of ftone in the North 
 wall of this chapel a man in a furred gown kneeling and pray- 
 ing, and this infcription : 
 
 HIC JACET ILLE VIR PROBUS ET PIUS OWI^US 
 RASDALE QUI HOSPITIUM POSUIT JESU. ISTE 
 ACCIPIENS BENEDICTION EM A DOMINO EAM RETR1BUIT 
 PAUPERIBUS SUIS. OBI1T PRIMO DECEM. A° I59I. 
 FRANGE ESURIENTI PANEM TUUM ET EGENOS 
 VAGOSQ^ INDUC IN DOMU' TUAM. CUM VIDERIS 
 NUDUM OPERI EUM ET CARNE' TUA' NE DESPEX- 
 ERIS. TUNC ERTTMPET QUASI MAKE £ II MEN TUU* 
 ET SANITAS TUA CITIUS ORIETUR ET ANTE iBIT 
 
 FACIEM TUAM JUSTITIA TUA *, TUNC INV0CAB1S, ET DOMINUS EX- 
 AUDIET TE. CI, AM ABIS ET DICET ECCE ADSUM. ES. 58. 
 
 On a brafs plate in the wall over the tomb ; 
 
 SDomt'ne ego tnutfite Uvtoiis tuns 
 tt omnia opera mea tnleftu' 
 coram te* 3JDeo tn tmftrtcorfcta 
 tua fola falus tt fpes men* 
 ferit m\T)i magna qut potens eft* 
 
 Arms under the figure : quarterly, i. 4. three fleurs de lis and 
 a pelican. 2. 3. a crofs quarterly, Ermine, between four boars 
 heads coupe, with fprigs of oak in their mouths. Creft, a dexter 
 hand out of a wreath holding corn. In the front of the tomb 
 the pelican and fleurs de lis. 
 
 1 Owen 
 
( 5 ) 
 
 Owen Ragfclale died 1 57 1, and founded this hofpital for twelve 
 old men, with a mafter or warden,, each poor man receiving 
 annually about £. 6. and the minifter jT. 20. He has a gallery, 
 and all have each a feparate chamber, and there are four com- 
 mon halls, having three men to each. The government of the 
 hofpital is in five truftees or governors and five affirmants. 
 
 Further particulars of the town, its market-houfe, begun by 
 Sir Thomas Trelham, but never finimed ; its Auguftine nunnery 
 and chapel of the Virgin Mary, may be feen in Mr. Bridges's 
 Northamptonfhire, II. 56 — 66, where the brafs of William Roth- 
 well is engraved, but in fmall, and not correctly. The infcrip- 
 tions are engraved in fac fimile in the Sepulchral Monuments of 
 Great Britain, I. p. 103. 
 
■ f 
 
roydon, is large, 
 obahly rebuilt by 
 Hened by £lenrv 
 
 won 
 Arg< 
 
 pa 
 
 liant go 
 the fon 
 
 I Joiin Inverts, arc ( on two brick turrets, 
 formed the gra;id entrance to the houfe > 
 chief, three lions paffant guardant, Sable, 
 ies Hou:iand y knight, and his crefr a leopard 
 ducal eoronef* He was baptized 1540, 
 wiand (by Anne daughter of —— Qreen^ 
 
 Ot J\ICI1<U< 
 
 Cambridi! 
 
 T C 
 
 he Ri 
 
 nighty Lord Mayor 
 of Chafford, in Ke 
 to be, on a rets, !Ej 
 
 3 ft:> I ngr ailed Argent, charged witfr 
 
 between three fwans naiant, Argent, 
 probably rebuilt by Sir Giles when 
 Elizabeth's arm*, which were formei 
 to ascertain the date, ai;d no doubt gi 
 was one of her palaces; a tradition 
 time 4 that they (hewed the Earl of El 
 
 * Godwin dc Fnsf. p. 559. P 
 
 2$ 'aui 
 
 y a fhield Azure, on 
 Cries, three rofes 
 
 t: two towers were 
 
 fcated here. Queen 
 t ! 1 e h a! I, fer ve al fo 
 to a tradition that it 
 
 revalent in Salmon' ; 
 
 apartments, and iup- 
 
 : fo deflitutc of fomi- 
 
 IS. Wood. . 
 
 .d ton 
 
i 
 
C i 3 
 
 TOWER at STREATHAM. 
 
 THE manor-houfe of Streatham, fituate at the corner of 
 Streatham common, on the road to Croydon, is large, 
 but contains nothing remarkable. It was probably rebuilt by 
 Sir Giles Rowland, knight, to whom it was aliened by Henry 
 Pakenham in 1600, and whofe arms and thofe . of his wife 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Rivers, are on two brick turrets, 
 which appear to have formed the grand entrance to the houfe r . 
 Argent, two bars in chief, three lions pafTant guardant, Sable, 
 are the arms of Sir Giles Howland, knight, and his creft a leopard 
 pafTant gorged with a ducal coronet. He was baptized 1549, 
 as the fon of John Howland (by Anne daughter of Green- 
 way of Clay, c. Norfolk 2 ), of London, and younger brother 
 of Richard Howland, mafter of Magdalen and St. John's colleges, 
 Cambridge, Fellow of Peterhoufe, and bifhop of Peterborough 
 from 158410 1600 3 . The arms in a lozenge, on the other 
 tower, aie thofe of his fecond wife, Elizabeth daughter of Sir 
 John Rivers, knight, Lord Mayor of London 1573, anceftor 
 of the Rivers's of Chafford, in Kent. They appeared to Mr. 
 Brooke, 1779, to be, on a fefs, Ermine, between three fwans 
 three mullets pierced, a bordure ; impaled by a fhield Azure, on 
 a fefs ingrailed Argent, charged with another, Gules, three rofes 
 between three fwans naiant, Argent. Thefe two towers were 
 probably rebuilt by Sir Giles when firft feated here. Queen 
 Elizabeth's arms, which were formerly in the hall, ferve alfo 
 to afcertain the date, and no doubt give rife to a tradition that it 
 was one of her palaces ; a tradition fo prevalent in Salmons 
 time 4 that they (hewed the Earl of Effex's apartments, and fup- 
 ported it by other circumftantial proofs, yet fo deftitute of foun- 
 
 1 Ly Cons' Environs of London, I. 480. a MS. Wood. , 
 
 3 Godwin de Prasf. p. 559. ed. Richardfon, 4 Surrey, p. 39. 
 
 dation 
 
C * ] 
 
 dation either from hiftory or record, as to make one very cau- 
 tious of truft ing the village tale on fuch occaiions. The houfe 
 appears to ha ve undergone a total change in its external form 
 about the beginning of this century 5 . The manor belonged to 
 the abbey of Bee in Normandy, by gift of Richard de Ton- 
 bridge, who obtained it of the Conqueror. After the fuppreffion 
 of alien priories, this manor called Tooting Bee y and including 
 the hamlet of Tooting, where was fettled a priory of Black 
 monks 6 , was given to John Duke of Bedford, conitable of France 7 , 
 and afterward leafed by the crown to John Arderne, Efq. for 
 £. 19. per ann. which formed part of the endowment of Eton 
 College 8 . The manor was granted by Edward IV. to Lawrence 
 Booth bifhop of Durham for life 9 ; and was afterwards by the 
 fame king fettled on John Tiptoft earl of Worcefter, Mr. and Sir 
 John Scott, and other wardens of St. Mary's gild, in the church 
 of Allhallows Barking io . On the fuppreffion of the gild, John 
 Dudley Earl of Warwick bought the manor of Tooting Bee of 
 the crown at twenty- two years purchafe It afterwards became 
 the property of the Pakenhams, and was aliened in the year 
 1600 by Henry Fakenham to Sir Giles Howland IZ . By the in- 
 termarriage of Wriothefly duke of Bedford with Elizabeth daugh- 
 ter and fole heireft of John Howland, Efq. it came into the Bed- 
 ford family, and is now the property of the prefent Duke, who 
 bears the title of Baron Howland of Streatham I3 . 
 
 s Lyfons' Environs of London. T. 480. 
 
 * Tanner, Not. Mon. p. 537. Rymer, XI. 488, 
 7 Etch. 14 Hen. VI, 
 
 • Hift. of Alien Priories, If. p. 1 55, 
 9 Rymer, XI. 488. 
 
 ** Pat. 5 Edw. IV. p. 1. m. 19. 
 
 " Certificate of Sale of Chantry Lands,, in the Augmentation GrBeek 
 *• Pat. 42 Eliz. p. 10. Dec. 1. 
 13 Lyfons, lb. 479, 480. 
 
( I ) 
 
 GEDDINGTON and IRTLINGBOROUGH, 
 
 in the County of Northampton. 
 
 THE upper half of this plate re^prefents the gate houfe of 
 what Mr. Bridges, vol. II. p. 309, calks " a confiderable building, 
 as may be conjectured from the fecundation and ruins in the 
 South-weft part of the village of Geiddington (in Northampton- 
 Ihire) ; the gatehoufe belonging to it is ft ill vifible." It leads to 
 Mr. Lockwood's houfe ; and is faid, b>y the tradition of the place, 
 to have belonged to a Nunnery : but <of this I have met with no 
 other evidence. 
 
 The principal manor of Geddingtcon belonged to the crown ; 
 " and in a clofe to the North-eaft of the church was antiently 
 a royal feat, called The Cajlle or Hall Clofe : the furface of the 
 ground is here very uneven, and maniy foundations ftill vifible 1 ."' 
 
 " The other manor in Geddington belonged to the abbey of 
 St. Edmundfbury ; and was, 22 Hemry VII. the property of Sir 
 Thomas Pulteney, knight, who dying tthe fame year, left it to his 
 grandfon Thomas, fon and heir of his fon John. Upon the 
 fuppreffion of the monafteries, the revenues of which the con- 
 vent was here feized came to the cnovvn ; and 33 Henry VIIL 
 were granted, with the reft of its pofTeflions in this county, to 
 Sir Edward Montague, knight ; and defcending to his pofterity, 
 are now in the hands of the Duke olf Montague V 
 
 ■ Bridges, vol. II. p. 309. * Ibid* 
 
 Whether 
 
( * ) 
 
 Whether here was any cell to the abbey, and this was the 
 gate houfe of it, or whether it be only the gate houfe of an 
 old man (ion like that of the Clay poles at Norborough, in this 
 county, remains undetermined. 
 
 The fubjedt of the lower half of the plate is the undercroft 
 or vaults of the demolifhed church of All Saints, at lrtling~ 
 borough^ in the fame county, whofe tower and other remains 
 above ground have been given in a former number. " On the 
 lite from the ruins was built Mr. Underwood's dwelling-houfe, 
 in which are large arches, an entire porch, and in the cellar 
 rooms with arched roofs. Adjoining to the houfe is the church-* 
 yard, where perfons are remembered to have been buried ; and 
 feveral grave-ftones are mil remaining V 
 
 The rectory belonged to the abbot and convent, and now 
 belongs to the dean and chapter, of Peterborough. 
 
 J Bridges, vol. II. p. 3379 
 
Back of 
 Foldout 
 Not Imaged 
 
( 3t ) 
 
 PLATE X. 
 
 THE figures rudely tricked on the outfide of the Roll, 
 marked " Y 6," from which the rondeaux of Guthlac's 
 life have been taken, reprefent, in thirteen compartments, the 
 Hiftory of Ifrael, as recorded in the firft book of Samuel. They 
 are not ranged in the exactelt order, as will be feen by the ex- 
 planation. 
 
 1. The firft compartment is too imperfect to be afcertained 
 with precifion, but may reprefent the delivery of Hannah of 
 her fon Samuel, 
 
 2. Hannah, accompanied by her hufband Elkanah and a fe- 
 male friend, or perhaps his other wife Peninnah, offering her fon 
 Samuel to the high prieft Eli for the fervice of the Lord : the 
 heads of the three bullocks, and the meafure of flour, which 
 me brought with him, are at her feet, and the bottle of wine in 
 her hand \ 
 
 3. Samuel afflfting Eli, and miniftering before the Lord, with 
 the cenfer, and his mother bringing him his little coat \ 
 
 4. The battle between Ifrael and the Philiftines in Ebenezer 
 and Aphek, wherein the former were defeated 3 , and the ark 
 taken 4 . 
 
 5. The death of Eli, in confequence of hearing of this defeat, 
 when he fell from his feat and brake his neck s ; and perhaps 
 the woman may be his daughter-in-law, who fell into labour, 
 and died on the fpot 6 . 
 
 " 1 Sam. ch. i. v. 1. a Ibid. ch. ii. 11. 19. 3 Ibid. ch. iii. 2. 
 
 * Ibid, ch* iv. 1. 2. 10. 11. 3 lb. v. 18. • Ibid. v. 19. 20* 
 
 The 
 
( 32 ) 
 
 The 6th compartment reprefents the fall of the ftatue of 
 Dagon, when the ark was piaced in his temple \ 
 
 7. The return of the ark, the kine which drew it taking the 
 ftraight way to Beth-fliemefh, v/hofe inhabitants were reaping 
 wheat-harveft in the valley ; and lift up their eyes, and faw the 
 ark, and rejoiced to fee it \ 
 
 8. Q. If it docs not reprefent Eli fitting before the altar as 
 high prieft ? 
 
 9. Exhibits his fon the prieft's fervant (Inking his flefh-hook 
 of three teetb into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot of the 
 facrifices, and all that the flefh-hook brought up the prieft took 
 for himfelf 3 . 
 
 10. Reprefents Eli laid down in his place before the temple 
 of the Lord, and the lamp of God where the ark was, and Sa- 
 muel coming to him, miftaking the voice of God for that of Eli 4 . 
 The figure of Samuel is almoft out. 
 
 11. The ark of God is taken ; and the two fons of Eli, 
 Hophni and Phinehas, flain 5 . 
 
 12. When the Philiftines took the ark of God, they brought 
 it into the houfe of Dagon, and fet it by Dagon 6 . 
 
 1 3. The ark placed in the cart drawn by two milch kine ; 
 and by its fide the golden images of (more than) 5 mice and 4 
 images of the emerods 7 . At the feet of the byftander leap 2 
 mice, reprefenting the plague of thefe animals. 
 
 1 1 Sam. ch. v. 3, 4. 4 Ibid. vi. 12. 13. 3 Ibid. ii. 13, 14. 
 
 4 Ibid. iii. 2 — 5. 5 Ibid. i?. I. 6 ibid. v. 2. 7 Ibid. vi. 5. 
 
( I ) 
 
 MELTON MOWBRAY, co. Leicester*. 
 
 ^T^HIS Church, the great ornament of the place, for fize, lofti- 
 i nefs, and fymmetry, takes the lead of all others in the county, . 
 though it he, confidering its appearance, remarkably plain ; the 
 pillars, arches, and windows-, having fcarcely any ornament, except 
 the Weft porch, which is beautiful : yet there is a linking ele- 
 gance in the lightfomnefs of the whole infide, occafioned by that 
 continued tire of clereftory windows (almoft' one whole light, fo* 
 clofely do they join) which go round the whole body of the church.. 
 Small neat figures of angels fupport the pilafters dividing- each 
 window, holding a fhield of arms. Thefe upper windows in num- 
 ber are 48 and, together with the lower range, which differ in 
 llze and form, make in the whole building 78. The Eaft win- 
 dow is broad, in two compartments, but plain ;, the North and 
 South large and long;, the Weft well proportioned, airy, andi 
 lately ornamented by the vicar with an elegant fancy of painting. 
 
 The tower, the two tranfepts, the nave, and the Eaft aile, of 
 the two tranfepts, have all. battlements ; the other two ailes and 
 the chancel' are not embattled, but all are leaded: 
 
 In the. centre is a diftinct lofty fquare tower, ornamented'at the • 
 top with eight pinnacles; but the North-eaft angle is prepofte- 
 roufiy deformed by a large ftair-cafe projecting from the bottom., 
 
 The tower appears to have been railed above its original 
 Height ; for the. ftyle of architecture is different, the old part in. 
 the iharp-pointed Norman fafhion, with zigzag ornaments, the: 
 upper part plain Gothic ; nothing enriched except the battle- 
 ments, which are pierced and very lightfome. In the fteeple is- 
 a fine ring of fix deep-toned bells, the biggeft in the county. 
 
 The nave refts on fix high pointed arches cn four cluttered 
 columns with riling capitals ; and has twelve clereftory windows.. 
 
 * This defcription is abridged from Mr. Nichols's Hifijory of LeicefterHiiiei 
 
 A Xhec 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 The tranfepts alfo are fupported by very handfome pillars ; and 
 in each of them are fix clereftory windows. 
 
 There is a neat entrance door at the Weft end, through a 
 portico, where the fire-engines for the ufe of the town are kept.. 
 This door is fided by four fine niches, a large and fmall one on 
 each fide; the corners of it have, inftead of buttrefifes, octagon 
 pillars ; near the top of which are two niches, one on each fide. 
 
 The whole church is pewed with fine Norway oak, in the 
 moft perfect order, without a fingle interruption to the eye : and 
 each pew numbered with a neat enamel plate. The pulpit is 
 eminent, hexagonal, with an entablature richly carved and inlaid. 
 
 The altar-piece is modern ; wainfeotted ; in five long pannels, 
 inferibed with the two tables of the Law, the Creed, and Lord's 
 Prayer. The font is of white marble, very plain. 
 
 The dimenfions of the church are thefe : 
 
 From North to South tranfept 117 feet in length; breadth, 
 38 feet. 
 
 The chancel, 51 feet in length ; 21 feet in breadth. 
 From Weft door to chancel, 113 feet; breadth of nave, 56. 
 The vicarage-houfe, built by the late vicar Mr. Myddelton, is 
 on the North-earl fide of the church-yard ; fmall, but neat, 
 with a little garden behind ; to which a flip of adjacent ground 
 has been lately added, and is recorded on a ftone in the wall : 
 tc Hortuli partem, orientem verms, 
 Ecclefiae dedit dicavitque Vir beneficus, 
 Shuckbrugh Ashby, 
 de Quenby, Leiceftrienf. 
 Armiger, anno mdcclxxxii. 
 Caveant pofteri, ne vetuftate perefum, 
 vel fordibus obductum, 
 hoc fileat monumentum." 
 
[ i 3 
 
 HOLY GHOST CHAPEL, 
 
 near Basingstoke. 
 
 F the feveral drawings taken of this chapel by Stukeley 
 
 V^/ Grofe % and Terrell 3 , not any one has exprefled the beau- 
 tiful and ornamented ftyle of building which diftinguifhes it. 
 The pillars at the angles of the tower are differently fluted, and 
 enriched with fhields of arms and other ornaments and infcrip- 
 tions. 
 
 It was built in the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII. by 
 Sir William, afterwards Lord, Sandys, who, with Richard Fox, 
 bifhop of Winchefter, obtained leave from that prince to found 
 a free chapel here, and to eftablifh in it a guild or brotherhood 
 of the Holy Ghoft, endowed with an eftate, for the maintenance 
 of a prieft to perform divine fervice in the chapel, and inftru6t 
 youth. It was fupprefTed by parliament, i Edw. VI. 154.6-7, 
 when all free chapels and chantries were given .to the crown, 
 wherein this remained till 1556, when the inhabitants of Ba- 
 fingftoke petitioned for its re-eftablifhment, and the restoration 
 of its eftate of 109 acres of land and two houfes. As the ufes 
 for which it was endowed were not deemed luperftitious, it fub- 
 flfted till it was feized, with other church lands, in the civil war ; 
 and was not reftored till 1670, on the application of bifhop 
 Merley, whofe kindnefs is commemorated in an infcription on 
 the building a little Weft of it ; which, upon the chapel being 
 
 1 Itin. vol. VI. pi. c. * 1760, engraved by Godfrey. 
 
 3 Prefixed to Mr. Jefferfon's poem on the Ruins of a Temple, 1793* 4-to. 
 
 ruined 
 
E * 3 
 
 ruined in the wars, ferves at prefent for every purpofe for whic& 
 the original building was intended. 
 
 Mr. Camden fays the founder was buried in the chapel ; but 
 no memorial of him now remains, or of any other perfon, ex- 
 cept two of the antient family of Cufaud^ who had a maniion- 
 houfe near the Vine from the time of Edward I ; now a farm- 
 houfe belonging to Mr. Chute. Simeon Cufaud 1619. 76; 
 and John Chute 170 1 \ 
 
 The prefent manfion-houfe of the Sandys family was built 
 by the founder of the chapel, who attended Henry VIII. in his 
 French wars- 14 Henry VIII. he commanded the rear of the 
 army under the earl of Surrey, and was employed in burning 
 Marquifon and other towns near Calais. Next year he was 
 created a baron of this realm, and accompanied the earl of Suf- 
 folk into France, commanding the van of the Englifh army. 
 24 Henry VIII. he attended his fovereign to meet Francis I. 
 king of France at Bologne; and died 10 years after in 1542. 
 
 This noble feat, pleafantly fituated with a large piece of water 
 in front, is a long range of brick buildings, with two wings, which 
 project but a few feet. The long gallery is wainfcoted with 
 oak, carved with a great number of arms, cyphers, and devices ; 
 among the reft the arms of England, Caftile, &x. Bray, Powlett, 
 Fofter, Hungerford, Sandys, Canterbury, Winchefter, with mi- 
 tres, circles, rofes, pomegranates, cardinal's hats, &c. There are 
 alfo a few good whole length portraits, and fome three-quarters ;• 
 particularly, of the latter iize, a nun, faid to be one of the 
 Cufaud family. 
 
 The chapel is of an oblong form ; three large windows form a 
 half hexagon bow at the Eaft end, filled with painted glafs, the 
 figures executed in a more mafterly manner than common; each 
 window divided into two compartments ; the upper part con- 
 
 1 See Gent. Mag. vol. LVIII, p. 573. 
 Z tains. 
 
L 3 ] 
 
 tains three fubjects from the New Teftament : Chrift bearing 
 his crofs , the defcent from the crofs ; and a third ; and below, 
 in the middle, a whole length portrait of Francis L with his 
 tutelar faint ; in the dexter window his wife Claude ; and in 
 the finifter his fitter Margaret ; each accompanied with her tu- 
 telar faint. The pavement of the Eaft end is compofed of tiles 
 of various iizes, glazed as the Dutch tiles, and nearly of the 
 fame fize, 6 inches fquare, and 6 inches by 3, each having on 
 it a figure, motto, or device ; the moft ftriking are fome heads 
 with a rofe on one fide, and an L. on the other ; and the fame 
 with a rofe and Y. ; in allufion to the houfes of Lancaiter and 
 York; on fome are whole, or others half, faints; fome have 
 mottos in labels ; others, flowers, &c. The arms of Bray are 
 feveral times repeated in this chapel and in the windows. 
 
 In a fmall apartment adjoining the other is an elegant white 
 marble monument, and on it a figure reclined, reprefenting 
 Chaloner Chute, Speaker of the Houfe of Commons in Richard 
 Cromwell's Parliament, and M. P. for Middlefex, who died 1659. , 
 Here are two windows of modern painted glafs ; one by Jarvis ; 
 and in one of them fome ftones with antient Greek and Latin 
 infcnptions. In the windows of another room adjoining the 
 chapel are four (hields of arms. 
 
 Such is the brief account given of this manfion by Mr. 
 Schnebbelie, in the hafly view which he took of it in September 
 1789, when he made the drawing of the Holy Ghoft chapel^ 
 and met with a reception worthy the politenefs of the prefent 
 poffeffor. A fuller account, yet not adequate to the merits of 
 the building, may be feen in the Englifh Topographer, vol. L 
 p. 51—61. 
 
( I ) 
 
 TWO ANTIENT COPES, or CHASUBLES. 
 
 THIS plate exhibits two chafubles*. That marked A, the only 
 one now remaining to the church of Salifbury, is preferved 
 in the veftry, and is curioufly embroidered with gold, with the 
 crucifixion and fix apoltles ; two angels receive the blood of the 
 Saviour's hands. St. Thomas holds a lance, St. Matthias a battle- 
 axe, St. Andrew his crofs ; and there are three others. 
 
 The donor of this veftment is commemorated in this infcription : 
 
 £>rate pro anima 3foi)annts Ji&aiatbpm 
 
 The other, marked B. formerly the property of David Wells, 
 Efq; of Burbach, Leiceflerfhire, F. A. S. (and fince prefented by. 
 his nephew Ambrofe Salifbury, Efq; to Mr. Nichols,) is em- 
 broidered in front with the Crucifixion, the Virgin and child, 
 St. Peter and St. Paul, and the martyrdom of a faint by be- 
 heading ; and is fprinkled all over with lions and griffins. There 
 is no crofs on the back of it, which fhews its greater antiquity. 
 
 On the fubje6l of this latter chafuble, we fhall extract the fol- 
 lowing correfpondence from the Gentleman's Magazine t, be- 
 tween Mr. Wells and the late J. C. Brooke, Efq; Somerfet Herald. 
 
 Mr. Urban, Burbach^ April 2, 1786. 
 
 As the fludy of Heraldry is not unconnected with Biography, 
 fo far as it relates to perfons and families, I am of opinion that 
 the inclofed drawings will not be difpleafing to fome of your 
 readers who delight in refearches of this nature. 
 
 * A fpecies of cope, being the veftment worn when mafs is celebrated. 
 f Vol. LVI. pp. 298. 473. 584. 
 
 A * The 
 
( 2 ) 
 
 The four coats* are embroidered on a piece of very rich 
 lilk, in which are interwoven flowers and griffins in gold, at the 
 bottom and corners whereof the fhields are finely wrought in 
 needle-work, the gold and filver yet frefh, the other colours much 
 faded, as is the ftuff itfelf, which appears to have been green, 
 though now, by length of time, almoft turned to blue. The ftyle 
 of the figures mews it to be very antient ; and, moreover, it is 
 traditionally fuppofed to have belonged to fome bifhop or abbot. 
 Fig. I. is eafily made out; but the other three I am not perfect 
 in. I mall be particularly obliged to any of your ingenious cor- 
 refpondents who can explain them, as it may lead to a difcovery 
 of the perfon or place it came from. In regard to Fig. 2. there 
 feems fome light to be gathered from a book intituled, Armilogia, 
 by Sylvanus Morgan,. London, 1666, where, p. 159, he writes : 
 
 " Richard, fecond fon of king John (in the ninth year of king 
 Henry the Third his brother), being crowned king of the Romans,, 
 wrote himfelf femper Auguftus ; had his arms carved on the 
 breaft of the Roman eagle 1 he bare, Argent, a lion rampant 
 Gules, crowned Or, within a border Sable bezante. His pofterity 
 of the furname of Cornwall bearing that coat, as defcended from 
 his natural fon Richard, father of fir GefFery Cornwall, knight." 
 
 If Morgan may be depended on, Fig. 4 is well underfiood, as 
 it exactly tallies with him. 
 
 The four coats I have endeavoured thus to blazon.. 
 
 Fig. 1. Gules, three lioncels or leopards pafTant guardant Or. 
 
 Fig. 2. Or, three chevrons Gules. 
 
 Fig. 3- Quarterly Or and Gules, a bend Azure, with a label 
 of five points Argent. 
 
 Fig. 4. Argent, a lion rampant Gules, crowned Or, within a 
 bordure Sable, charged with 12 bezants Or. Observator. 
 
 5 
 
 See a fketch of them in Pbte I. fig. 1 — 4. 
 
 Mr, 
 
M 
 
 8C Hertford/. 
 
 ISarL cf£,i*uz>l*z/ . 
 
 7?ds?t/vsid J'lanlc^en^ 
 JBart #f CcmwaH/ 
 
 cfJiie^utrd de- 6YaneEar^ 
 fG&uixfter, $Cc. dlv0rtz£ 42(/-4-. 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 Mr. Urban, te Heralds College, May 18, 1786^ 
 
 If the arms mentioned by Observator are to be considered as 
 any proof of the identity of the piece of embroidered {ilk you de- 
 fcribe, it is of very confiderable antiquity, and probably belonged 
 to Margaret de Clare, wife of Edmund Plantagenet,. earl of Corn- 
 wall, nephew to Henry III. The four coats you have engraved 
 may be thus attributed : 1. the arms of England, allufive of the 
 Earl's defcent from the blood royal ; 2. the coat of Clare, her 
 paternal arms ; .3. that of Cornwall, her hulband ; 4, the arms 
 of Lacy, her mother's family.. 
 
 The lady was daughter of Richard de Clare, earl of Glou- 
 cefter and Hertford, by Matilda his fecond wife, daughter of 
 John de Lacy, earl of Lincoln. She was married to Edmund,, 
 earl of Cornwall, fon of Richard, earl of the fame, and king of 
 the Romans, younger fon of king John, and had no iffue by 
 her hufband, from whom fhe was divorced 22 Edward I. 1294, 
 and obliged, before Thomas de Suthflata, bifbop of Rochefter, to 
 fwear, vitam vivere coelibem. Her hufband died 28 Edward I.. 
 1300 ; and fhe furviving had,, through the mediation of the 
 peers in parliament, an affignation of ^.500. per ann. dower out 
 of her hufband's eftates. As it is not likely that any work would 
 be executed after 1 294, the year of the divorce, which would 
 perpetuate the earl's connexion with her, we may conclude it 
 was done before that period. 
 
 I herewith fend a genealogical table % which fhews what re- 
 lation the different coats had to the lady ; to which is added, a 
 drawing of her feal from my collection, where the coat of Corn- 
 wall impales that of Clare, but both dimidiated, according to the 
 ancient cuffom ; and the fhield is lurrounded with animals which 
 may have fome allufion to thofe you defcribe on the filk. 
 
 Yours, &c. J. C. B* 
 
 * See Plate II. 
 
 Mr- 
 
( 4 ) 
 
 Mr. Urban, 
 
 But 'bach \ July 6, 1786. 
 
 I think myfelf much indebted to J. C, B. of the Heralds Col- 
 lege, for the information he has fo politely communicated through 
 the channel of your Magazine. It has fixed an additional value 
 on this antique remain, and perfectly eftablifhes its authenticity ; 
 in which light 1 always confidered it from the firft, without 
 knowing pofitively to whom it related. The old arms of Eng- 
 land attracted my notice, and naturally produced this idea. 
 When I mentioned a piece of filk, it was only partially defcrip- 
 tive. It is in fact a complete fuit for the facerdotal habit, a 
 chafuble, ftole, and maniple ; at the ends of the two laft are 
 embroidered the four coats as already exhibited. There is no 
 crofs on the back of the former, which fhews its great antiquity; 
 but inftead thereof, in the form of a pale, are four compart- 
 ments : 1. at the top the Crucifixion; 2. the Virgin and 
 Child feated on an altar-throne; 3. St. Peter and St. Paul; and 
 at the bottom, St. Stephen ftoned. AVI which figures and orna- 
 ments are correfponding to the other parts above-mentioned, be- 
 ing wrought in gold and lilver thread. The ground appears 
 now of a lightifh blue, changed by age from green, the blue not 
 being a canonical colour. It came to my hands from a gen- 
 tleman of Wales, who prefented it to me fome years ago, as a 
 great curiofity, without any traditional account. Very probably 
 it has been preferved by fome of the defcendants of the Corn- 
 wall family, and, pafling into careful hands, efcaped the general 
 wreck at the fuppreflion of religious houfes. 
 
 Yours, 8cc. Observator, 
 
[ x 3 
 
 S P R AT T O N and ORLINGBURY, 
 
 IG. if in this plate reprefents a knight in alabafter, or, as 
 
 A Bridges calls it, white marble, in a chantry chapel on the 
 North fide of the church at Spratton, in Northamptonfhire. The 
 figure is in plated armour, with a gorget and fkirts of mail, a 
 pointed helmet, a collar of SS. a dagger, and long flrait fword. 
 At his feet a lion ; Mr. Bridges calls it a wild boar, confounding 
 it with the boar's head on the helmet under his head, and re- 
 ferring to the fame animal in feveral efcutcheons round the mo- 
 nument ; on which authority, he 1 afcribes the monument to fir 
 John Swinford, of whom, however, he fays no more. On the 
 lower edge of his armour is in compartments, I. S, fuppofed 
 the initials of John Swinford. 
 
 Of this name there were feveral clergy in this country. Henry 
 de Swinford, rector of Clypfton 1324% was proxy for Robert de 
 Clypfton, rector of Church Brampton 1336 3 ; Hugh de Swin- 
 ford, fub-deacon, was rector of Sulby 1276 — 1294 4 ; John de 
 Swinford, vicar of Lilburn 1 346 5 ; Richard, fon of William de 
 Swinford, claimed, without fuccefs, a mare of the lordmip of 
 Farthingftone 3 Edw. Ill 6 ; both William and Richard held the 
 manor of Newbold 1 7 Edw. Ill 7 ; Richard de Swinford was rector 
 of Thorpe Mandeville 1 3 1 6 — 1 3 20 8 , and of Hardingftow between 
 1 314 and 1322% and of Stoke Albany between 1321 and T342 10 . 
 
 The chapel was repaired at the expence of Mr. Chapman, of 
 Newbottle. 
 
 Fig. 2. is, under an arch on the North fide of Orlingbury 
 church, in the fame county. On a freeftone tomb, a knight in 
 
 1 Vol. I. p. 466. 4 Vol. II. p. 20. 3 Vol. I. p. 490. * Vol. L p. 597. 
 s Vol. I. p. 573. 6 Vol. II. p. 23, 24. \ Vol. I. p. 62. 8 Vol. I. p. 208. 
 9 Vol. I. p. 360. 10 Vol. II. p. 340. 
 
 in Northamptonshire. 
 
 alabafter, 
 
alabafter, in complete phted armour, with a gorget of mail; n® 
 ■i word or dagger at his fides ; a lion at his feet ; his helmet 
 pointed and furrouhded by a fafcia of oak-leaves; on the frontlet 
 
 of which is mfcribed : 
 
 ipferere met 3Hjtt £®atiz SDeus fccuttimttt; 
 
 -not as read by Bridges \ 
 
 <2E iferere mn Deus 3ll)efii £®axtat fecunium 
 
 The words following are to be understood, ITltfCtiCOrDt^Ul tUaW* 
 " On the left breaft are the remains of .coat- armour ; but fo 
 effaced, that. nothing is feen but the .efcutcheon which contained 
 the arms." 
 
 The manor of Orlingbury was held at the Conqueft by 
 
 Fulcherius^ 
 
 In the reign of Henry II. by Fulcherius Be Malfoveres; and 
 there was a hide and an half of the fee of William de Curcy, whofe 
 daughter Alice was wife of Warin Fitz-Gerald, whofe daughter 
 Margaret was married to Baldwin de.Redvers, fon of William earl 
 of Devon. For one knight's fee of this fee Simon de Loges was 
 jated to the fcutage In the reign of Henry III. and was fucceeded 
 by Richard de Loges. 
 
 Robert de Orlingbury, 24 Edw. I. held one third of a knight's 
 fee in Orlingbury, being the lands before held by Fulcherius 
 de Malfoveres. 
 
 9 Edw. If. Hugh de Orlingbury was lord of this manor. 
 
 20 Edw. III. Robert de Orlingbury paid to tfie aid for knight- 
 ing the king's fon. 
 
 47 Edw. III. it was out of this family, and in other hands % 
 and at prefent belongs, by purchafe of his father, to Richard 
 Young, Efq; whole attentions to Mr. Schnebbelie, when making 
 this and other drawings in the county, deferve our moft grateful 
 .remembrance. 
 
 It is therefore highly probable that this is the monument of 
 Robert or Hugh de Orlingbury. 
 
 I Vol. II. p. I 2Q. 
 
PORTRAITS of King EDWARD IV. and his Queen; 
 from a Window of the Cathedral at Canterbury. 
 
 AMONG the admirable ornaments of the Cathedral of 
 Canterbury have always been reckoned the beautiful painted 
 windows. That in the chapel called The Martyrdom contains 
 the portraits and memorials of king Edward IV. and his family. 
 In the upper part or point of the arch are Ihields of arms, and 
 under them i o figures of Prophets ; under them 1 2 Apoftles ; 
 the fourth ftage has 14 bifhops. The feven compartments of the 
 three ranges below thefe are larger and very deep, fit to contain 
 figures little lefs than life ; thofe in the uppermoft range are 
 deftroyed, except fhields of arms. In the next range angels 
 hold other fhields, and under thefe is the family of Edward IV. 
 the donor of the window. The middle compartment probably 
 contained the large crucifix which Richard Culmer tells us was 
 broken Dec. 1 3, 1643, with the other idolatrous paintings of this 
 beautiful performance. 
 
 The three compartments on the Weft fide contain the king, 
 prince of Wales, and duke of York, each kneeling before a 
 defk, and turning Eaftward to the crucifix. On the Eaft fide are 
 the queen and five princerTes kneeling, and turning Weft-ward 
 to the fame. The figures are large, and the background re- 
 prefents rich hangings under a cornice finely carved and gilt, 
 and fringed with filver. The hangings behind the king are 
 
 paned 
 
( * ) 
 
 pancd with a purple and blue lilk embroidered with filver rofes 
 on a golden fun ; which device he took in memory of the battle 
 of Mortimer crofs, where three funs were feen immediately con- 
 joined in one. He kneels before a defk under a rich canopy of 
 crimfon velvet, holding in his right hand a fceptre, which refts 
 on his right fhoulder. The face is well preferved, although the 
 glals has been cracked ; and he wears on his head an arched 
 crown. He has on a rich white fattin robe embroidered with 
 gold, over which flows a beautiful crimfon mantle ermined 
 about the moulders. That fide of the defk before which he 
 kneels, which prefents itfelf to the fpectators, is adorned with a 
 fine relievo of St. George in armour, trampling on the dragon, 
 and piercing him with his fpear. 
 
 Elizabeth Widvile, queen of Edward IV. kneels with her hands 
 joined over an open book on a delk. Her face has been cracked, 
 but is, however, preferved. On her head is a crown of gold, 
 compofed of-eroffes patee and fleurs de lis. Her drefs is of 
 white fattin embroidered with gold, and comes down clofe to the 
 wrift ; over which fhe has on a rich crimfon mantle, with an 
 ermined collar over the moulders. The canopy is crimfon, and 
 the background azure, embroidered with green broom-ftalks 
 bearing red flowers. The defk has been broken and ill 
 patched up, as alfo the queen's neck and hair, which have been 
 ridiculoufly filled up with an arm and uplifted hand placed So as 
 to touch her left cheek. 
 
 The only remains of infcription under the king is, 
 
 isimue tt 
 
 — us eirtto . . . 
 Sfaslt'e. 
 
 Under 
 
( 3 ) 
 
 Under the queen, 
 
 ... or CDtbatM . . 
 
 Behind the king are portraits of his two fans. 
 Behind the queen thofe of his five daughters ; three in the 
 firft, and two in the fecond ; 
 
 1. Elizabeth, afterwards married to Henry VII. 
 
 2. Cecilia, married to John lord Wells. 
 
 3. Anne, married to Thomas duke of Norfolk. 
 
 5. Mary of York, promifed to the king of Denmark, but 
 died 1482. 
 
 7. Catharine, married to William Courtney earl of Devon. 
 
 Bridget the fourth became a nun at Dartford, and is therefore 
 probably omitted ; and Margaret the fixth, becaufe me died an 
 infant. 
 
 The faces of the firft and fourth are fupplied with others. 
 
 It is much to be regretted that an exact drawing of this window, 
 or at leaft of thefe portraits, has not been taken on a larger fcale. 
 
 A fuller defcription of it may be feen in Mr. Goftling's Walk 
 in and about Canterbury, 2d edition, 1777, pp.328 — 344. 
 
BENNET'S TOMB at SALISBURY. 
 
 THIS antient painting is on the wall within the arch, over 
 the tomb of Thomas Bennet, prsecentor of Salisbury 
 from 1 541 to his death 1558, of which we have not feen any 
 other account, or fairer copy, of the infcription : that on the 
 fcroll may be read, 
 
 IN TE DEUS SPER[AVI MISERERE Me[i s]aLVA ME. 
 
 On the tomb lies his emaciated figure in a lhroud on a mat 5 
 at his feet a mole. 
 
 On the fafcia of the tomb is this infcription : 
 
 MISERICORDIAS DOMINI IN STERNUM CANTABO, A. D. I554. 
 
 At the end, and in the middle of the fafcia, on fhields : 
 
 IHS XPS MR. i.e. Jefus, Chriftus, Maria. 
 At his feet a crucifix on Golgotha. 
 
 On four fhields furmounted by caps in front of the tomb, I. B. 
 in the middle D. L. At the feet, on a fcroll, 
 
 Thomas 
 Bennet - y 
 
 at the head, on another fcroll, 
 
 j Anno 
 
 Domini 
 
 155.... 
 
A N T I E N T KEYS. 
 
 Mr. Schnebbelie, Dec. 14, 1790. 
 
 T HAVE fent you three antient Ke.ys to infert in your valu* 
 able Museum. Whether there Ibe any antiquity in them I 
 fhall leave to better judges ; but, firom their appearance, they 
 feem once to have belonged to the inoble edifices where they 
 were found, which every relative ciircumftance fe^ms fully to 
 corroborate. 
 
 Fig. r. was found in fome ruins of Croyland abbey. 
 
 Fig. 2. was found in a garden nerar the cathedral church of 
 Peterborough ; and, though much corroded, it bears the ap- 
 pearance of antiquity. 
 
 Fig. 3. was found in the ruins (of Holdenby palace, in the 
 county of Northampton. M. Dash. 
 
 Fig. 4. communicated to Mr. Schnebbelie in 1790 by Mr. 
 Cragg, of Threekingham, in Lincollnfhire, is fuppofed to have 
 belonged to Folkingham caftle in thait county. <£ Of this caftle, 
 which flood in a clofe near the South emd of the town," Mr. Cragg 
 fays, " nothing now remains except the moat and mound. It 
 was built by Gilbert de Gaunt, who refided there. It exifted in 
 Leland's time, but was then going to decay. When it was totally 
 demolifhed we have no account, but: not improbably in the civil 
 wars of Cromwell ; as, I am told, tlhe holes where the cannon 
 were placed, are yet to be feen in a clcofe to the South of it." 
 
 Fig. 5. communicated alfo by Mr. Cragg, was found near 
 Barnet; and is now in the pofTeffTion of Mr. G. Cooper, of 
 Folkingham. 
 
 Fig. 6. was found in a grave im St. Margaret's church yard 
 at Leicefter ; and communicated by Mr. Throlby. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 An engraved Title-page; Preface; and Memoirs of Mr. Schnebbelie. 
 The original Title-page and Dedication of 17 91. 
 
 N° I. Northampton. — St. Sepulchre's church ; fculptmres in it ; plan. 
 Winchejier cathedral, paintings in. 
 Head from St. Michael's church, Coventry, 
 
 II. Wejlminfter Abbey, painting over Sebert's tomb. 
 
 Jrtlingborough church and college, monuments, and vaults under the tower. 
 
 III. Higham Ferrars church, fculptures* 
 Walpole church fcreen ; 3 plates. 
 
 IV. Paintings from a Manual in Dr. Pegge's coll ection. 
 Elvetham houfe, and plan. 
 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac, from a Cotton MS. 3 plate I. 
 
 V. Walmesford church, font, and bridge. 
 Portrait of St. Peter. 
 
 A decanter ornamented by queen Elizabeth. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plate II. 
 
 VI. Whittington church, and particulars about it ; 2 plates. 
 Ornaments on Great Paunton fteeple. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plate III. 
 
 VIL Hornfey church, and carvings. 
 Somerby crofs. 
 
 Whittington revolution-houfe and reflory. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plate IV. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 VHI.St. Crofs's hofpital, Winchejler. 
 
 Pahtings in Grafton Regis and Wold churches. 
 Figure and font at Cogenhoe. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plate V. 
 
 IX. Amfthill crofs. 
 
 Painted glafs at Burbach. 
 
 Hiflory of St. Guthlac ; plates VI. and VII. 
 
 X. Groupe of figures late in the poflefiion of Mr. Wells of Burbach, 
 Infcriptions at Salifbury. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plates VIII. and IX. 
 
 XI. Brafs figure in Rothwell church. 
 Tower at Streatham, 
 
 Geddington gate houfe, and Irtlingborough vaults. 
 Hiftory of St. Guthlac ; plate X. 
 
 XII. Melton Mowbray church. 
 
 Monuments at Spratton and Orlingbury, 
 Holy Ghoft chapel at Bafingjloke. 
 
 Cope at Salijbury, and another in the poffeffion of Mr. Nichols. 
 Engraved Pedigree of the Plantagenets. 
 
 XIII. Portraits of king Edward IV. and his Queen at Canterbury^ 2 plates. 
 Tomb of Prascentor Bennet at Sali/bury, 2 plates. 
 Antient keyd. 
 Cold Overton church. 
 
 Printed by John Nichols, 
 Red Lion Pailage, Fleet Street. 
 
Sehnebbelie (J.) The Antiquaries' Museum, illustrating the Antient Architecture, 
 Painting and Sculpture of Great Britain from the Time of the Saxons, numerous most 
 interesting plates, some in colours, 4to. cloth, scarce, 14s 
 
274 
 
 THE GETTY CENTER 
 LIBRARY