I *=/ Digitized by the Internet Arciiive in 2009 witii funding from Researcii Library, Tine Getty Researcii Institute http://www.archive.org/details/archaeologaeiattOOrous A T T I C .E LI BR I TRES. THREE BOOKES OF THE A T T I c K Antiquities. CONTAINING The defcription of the Cities glory , govern- ment, divifion of the People, and Townes with- in the ^/^m :^«jB'ja*-^> •«'?"''• When Others haYc in the lame Argument preoccupated mens eares, they that fpcak afterward of the fame fubjeftahave a greater trou- ble to confider what they muft paffe by unfaid^then what toiay* LO N*D O N, Printed for J o h m W i t l i a m s , and areto be lold at his (hop ia 7W/ Cburch-yardatthe figne of the Crowne, 1^4;. To THE RIGHT WORSHIPFVLL S' Nathaniel Brent Knighi, Ficar General! , and the mofi Yigilant Warden of Mctton College in Oxford, Health, T is thccuftomeof moil J toim- pofe a patrdnagcoF their errours upon fooic eminent perion. But k (hall bee my ambition in this my Dedication to manifcft my obfervancic. Orhers make their choice of potent men, thereby to (hun the darts of envy. It ftiall be my glory to be thought worthy of invidency 5 snhoit ignorance is not (b great but well ' * 1 knowes Th£ Epijtle knowcs that ever fome will bite in fccrcr ; and fcourgc thefc errours of my 3fouth with pri- vate reproaches* But fuch raalignant tongues I will counterpoifc with the windc j and kc as lightly by as they are vaine. And although lam confidently perlwaded that the coven of your wings bee fufficiently able to flhelcer my faultsi yet had i rather to expreffe my du- tk towards you in thefe naked infirmities, ♦Aufis litcta- vvhofe PoodnefTc truely knowcs how * to rum isnofcerc « ifiit ri -"^t vegetiusin pardoH thc bold adventures or learning, 1 ^'°^°2- prefeiit you therefore with Athens, whofe deplorable raggedncflfc my papers well re- femble > which may challenge this escufe, thai they alTiraulate themlelves to the Prea- tife in them contained i Which of all men, I my felfe am confciois moft unfitly to have » cic Epift. handled. That €icieoncc thc * nurfe of rca. fine Lib!'i.'" fon; * which flouriftit in eloquence, and brave atchievements, more then all Greece y could not , unleffe in her milerable luines , : have without her difgrace becae fpoken of by mee. That Athens whence the learned Fathers of the Church fuckt rare Literatur^^ Bafil his ' cloqucacc DEDiCArORY? . cloqienc€,Naisiian^enhis flrcngch,8nd others their flowing Oratory, That Athens which who had not fceneis by ** Lyfippi^s accciin^ *ApiuiDi- ' it cajiichutn ted a blocke. Accent ^Hettoured^ir.., thefe Re- Emu' r^ji- hques of that famous Vnivcrfuie, though tySlT^vi rnc offered 5 as Devotion paid co Amiquitic,^^"* by you well eftecmedof, though among moft of thcic our. daics accounted dirt j whofc labour it is to fcekc new fafhions, ^nd hkc nought butwh^cqaay bee accounted no- velty. Refcmbling the brute, of which Cice- ro, Jdidfolumquodadefl, quod^prce/em ejl fi accommodat , paulum admodum lentiens pri^teri- furHi iffc. never caring for what is pall. But you weigh well the cxcellencie of talking with thofc Ghannpians of Learning , hun- dreds of yeares fincc gathered to their former duft. By whofe penfiU wee fee drawne the lively images of dcceafed Monarchs , the forms of government, and very lives of ftates. Out of which parterncs, if you plcafe to deeme the leaf): part of thistohavebeene ta- ken , it (hall heapc to my joy that the follow- ing Tia£t will not feeme a fpurious and de- * 5 generate The Epistle &c. generate off-fpring. Vpon prefumption of which I feare not , as the Eagles doe their youngjto expofemy brood to the rayes of the ©pen Sunnc. Thus with continuall wilhcs for addition to your happineffe , I take leave. From my Study in l/terton Qohge^ lun. j . 17 j 7, Tour Wor(hips in aU humility to be iommmdei F* Rous. ^^^l4/r4l4^l^^^ikl^44^l4^i4^ To the Reader. IT is not the thirfi of empty glory that mikes me rniMe hazird of your cenfure , but a confideration of the wedkneffe of Schoolemnjters , rvbo under take to read the Greeke Orators to ram ScboUers , themfel'ves being riot rife in the Attick cajlomes, I have therefore fo farre endeavoured as you fee. If any thing may afford a fcrufk to any y he JhaR engage methAt wit require fatisf a£f ion, if any thing feem amijfe , itjhallhe taken by me as a fa* vonr to heare of it from any , For I am not of thofe rvhofe ears arejloft , when their errors are told them, if this fU*ft itjhaU 4ddeJ}»rres to thefinifhing of this cottrfe in- tended., and as occafion may give leave^ youjhall have the reft that may be §oken^ • ARCHAEOLOGIAE L I B, I. C A p. I. ^avan, Jm, Jaones, Joniay h-Ai<.'). hv^-miA. A;tJ'u j^thena i« aUA, Cecroftity Cranaa^ ty^tthii, Attica, eyfthe>i<& fub CccropCf Cert amen Palladii Q^r Tieftuni, Plutarchi ea de refenter.tia, alii f lib EreUheo voluftt nominari , Juftinusfttb Amphi^yo- Kc, SalenoStSelines. Sat in a. Scthiria, Y the the fonnes of jVm^ * were the lies of « Gen. 10.5. the Gentiles divided in their Iands,every one after his tonguejwhen by their audacious fol- ly they would have mounted up to heaven, thinking to leave a name to pofterity.by buil- ^ ,ding Caftles in the ayre.Prom which attempt p roceeded that which before they were jealous of, namely, afcatteriog abroad upon the face of the earth; he having fo fpoken it , whofc brcath*alone affords a fairewind : hoyft . then they mufl their Sailes.and bidding adieu to the plain in the land oiShenar^ feeke out lome new habitation. Travel- lers they were of yore,and yet ftill muft journcy.Each one in as different a courfcjas of a divers language. The fonnes of ShfPi their way,the fonnes of Jafbet^ theirs. Comer and Ma- f 0X,and Madai and Javan^yNii^ whom J purpoie one furlong A to 2 Archddsguz Attict Lib,i. Cap.i* to keepe company, leaving the reft on one fide or other, ^ J. jofeph. At) bebinde, looking only to my propofed fcope. * At^ q laxju.\}i iiq.I.i.c.7.p. \u,\iA -^Af-ni'iwv'jJii^^ysycLcn. trom Jav^n c^mQfonia undall ^j' thg greekfs. And in Scripture we have Javan put for Greece; c Csp w.a- ^" ^Daniel twice , ^ €^»^ vfhen I am gone forth Joe the Prince of GreciapjAllcome. Andagiin, ' Hepjalljlirre Hp all a^ainfi the Kealme ofGrecia.^heiQ although the old tranilation ren- '*' ders it not favan^ yet it is fo found in the original). He then , comming into the Country called afterwards Attica.Uh un- to it his o wne name, whence it was tearmed fonia and fa^, J) )cj AtZ/v.!; 73 ^TKAoiov I^yja ^ IxV ^<^-^f^";«. For Attica WM and' ^Stra^Qi.^.p. ffttlj caHedfoniAandJas. In which words we ftill retaine ^■^^' fome reliqucs of the radix, notwithftanding the fmall diffe- rence of the termination. Butifwepleaie to view after what title the fonnes of JavAn were ftiled laones wee (hall come nearer home.:7,') by the iy£m^maticaU Poet in a Pitg.ii. his ' Caffattdra is put for this country. Tzet<,es, Becaufe it k (ASia^ a cliff e , that u caft forth and lying in the fea. And Athens herfeUe by Plant us is Ctid Athena in aSla, pro (u^the^ nis eyfttici4,2iS ° Palmerins hath noted. But this grew old after h Ju Splcilcgus a feafon,and Cecrops having married the daugiier of AEi^ns glories in his Ceeropia ("and Athens ^ecropia, and Cecropisci' vitas i and after that Cranaa from Cranaiis the king that fuc- ceeded hira.)Thi8 C^anans among other of his daughters had c Stra'po & QjQg c AtthUJitom. whom alfo was derived Atthis and Attica^ Pauf. locis ^Q^iMc, Neptune \s «7.t.2j. put ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ andbufineffes thereof, A^linerva for Arts and ingenuous kinde ot life,nay fayes Ovid in his K.alender,^^//?^ Dea eft operhm,[he is GoddtfVe of a thoufund trades. Others fay that the City was confccrated to her by AmphiCljony cfh iLib. :., nomen eivitati Athenas dedit, ^ fftftine. Others in the t?me of ^retltkem, among which is //(fr-, they argue from this. Becaufe that the Saka and Athe- mans hare divers cuftomes alike. Witnefle 1>iodorMS Siettltn, But it pleafes not me. I con j edure that firft it was called A- r^tf»/,when the people began more ferioudy to addid them- felves to civill government, andftudy ofgood literature; knowledge and art being afcribed to Minerva. In >£> AS^oif r ih2.1-i. € Arcbaologid A tiled Lih.i, C^p.i. himfdie even to thefiimc purpofe names it SethtHd, Vndif^Jic mi/era HobuJpeCla»tHr Athene "Dadala quM Pa/ias/e/^ co/uiffe ngfaret, ^fosy 7s(€ptune pater y yinnejuam ttm m^m/t dicdi Indigent Sethina vacant — We wretched iAther.s round do view, Which nowy TItougli once ingenious Pallas love/s herflvime. And t'have becne thine, Ntptune, would'ft difavow. To which the Hemebred give Sethina name. CAP. II. tAthettamm fttus. Asv. TtiKt^. Axpo-mM;. Herhtt Incentei^ UMtt- rttSt 'PelafgUus (^ CimoniHs^ Propylaca. Gircuitus vettrii urbU^ Q^novA, havoj c^r vJ^Tu-mKii. Piraei brach'm. Mhths fhalericHS. Port a. Atr, Lam fa/fim apndf cript ores. Ce- phifus Fimfiuf, f^ Refine, Cites* Ari ft ides y is placed In the midik of thQ P 171 12 ^-I whole Earth, andinthemidftofitftandsyfrnV^; the **'^^* navcll whereof is Athefts , by which all greece , clofeted in the wombe of time, received hourifhment, before an happy birth had brought her forth into the light.Shc is feated upon a very highrocke, which habitations doc cncompaffe, as Z/Lib.9.p.396 '^ •y^'"'*^*'-' on the top of whichftands that renowned fabrick * Plin Nat ^^^" ^° ^^^^^ ^^y* which Cccrops from himfelfe names * Ce- hift.I.7.c. 5^. ^f^p^ff ; of old agvThe Qity , by a kindc of excellence, in a bravado of their antiquity , concerning which they were in perpetuall contention with the Argivi. Witncs ^ Paufanias* \.\6. '^'^^* '^ Terent , An inafin venit ? Donat. Sic ^yfthenienfes ufbem A'£.MnMCa.:!i&..f^(iw^ocahant , UKdeipfiincoU d^tvocantur. So, faith he, ^Sz,6. the ay^thenians called their City , whence the Citizens themfelvcs are called nfioif after that they called it rmMf e Attic.p.r^, '^ Paufanias. Which in his time wa s called a-a^'ttokh or the ''"fj. high City , although it be often interpreted ^rx a Caflle, which s^rchxohgi£ Attica Lib» Cap,i, 7 which cvet were iacred to Mrfterva.as ' nyfrijlides. Who « Or nt.in Mi- therefore is by Catulltamhis Argonautickj nzmed ^Divarc" "<='"• ro.i.p. t'lMensin fummu Hrbibus arces. The Geddeffe that keepes the ^'' Turrets of Cities, This only now remaines, the fuccour and Ihelter of the barbarous Athenians, being ftrongly furnilTied with men and armes,in which alone dwell Ianizaries,to the number of feven hundred thouland , as Chriflophoro Angela told me, and avouched it, 1 fearing left he had miftaken the number. As for the forces thereof ^ Hugo FavoUus fliall thus b Hodarp. infttua you. By2.1.j. Arx tantum Celebris hec tempore mentis eocUm ^«<«^ impofiajttgoefi^vaflasprojpeiiatin undas t/£qf0ruy & cirt-HmdllperpimtipaitAy c^ ontnes Sxterno indigenM taacuo tutatttr ab hofte, Nebilis arXf toto qna non efi altera Graio Nota magls re^o, validifcf^ infirttHior armii, Ignivomoj^ magts tormeutorum impetetttta, A Caltleonly famous at this diy, Set on an hill, below which viewes the fca.^ The fcattered thatcht (beds, that ftand it about. The fort defends, and keeps invafion out, And natives fate. A fortj none noted more In Greece, which hath a better warlike ftore. Or it for fiery Canons goes before. Upon the toppc of this Turret ftand the fafhions of Halfe- Moones moft rarely gilded, after the manner of the TJhmae^ Otesy who have the Moone in no fmall honour, as my much honoured M"- ^ Seldm bath obfcrved. Of which Lunulets thus c Dc Dii's Sy^ fpeaks Favoliujf ris Syn. z. cap, ^ujus inauratis Unge rutilantia Lunis z.p. 1 8 3. Ardua coellvagas firiunt fafiigia nubes, Whofatops with gilded Moons alpiring high, Doe knock the Clouds the pilgrims of the skic. Neither may it paffeobfcurely which I have taken upbcin* let fall from the mouth of an eye witncfie^namely that on the g ArchdolcgtA AWC£ Lib.i, Cap,2» fide of this hill, on which the tiAcrofolis is built, grow6s a certainc kinds of berbe, that farre off, in the night feafon, ^ives a moft fhining and glittering light , to which when a mm riiall approach, he fhall difcernc nothing but the herbe it felf. Ot which matter I ferioufly wifh that I could teftifie the truth* It was delivered to vaZihonafide, with good credit. The walls that environ this,are none now>l3ies Favolmsybut in former time it hath beene well fenced; fcjme part thereof ere(fleel by thofe two Tufcan brothers , who leaving their country, lived here under the tAcro^oVn, called 7nK'<>;e/« which was left naked, C/wi?» the fonne of MUtiades clothed. Panfanias in the fore quoted place. Thefe walls admitted no gate but one,fo rarely beau- tified with that coftly PropjUum or porch,on which Pericles rfTul.0ff.l2 is difcommendcd by ^ l)emetrius Pkalareus for disburfing rV^l.Max, fo great a fummc of money. ' For which he was not (mally J»b.3.c, t. troubled how he might give up his accounts to the people; His Nephew Alcibiades therefore feeing him fome what fad, and demanding the cauie, to whom when his unkle replied, that it was about giving bis accounts, leek rather,quoth he, how you may not give them. By which counfell the Athe*u- Ms were entangled with that neighbour warre againfl: the LMedtmonians ,m which they found not vacancy for ao audit. By Archit9hgU Attict Z/^.i. C4p.i, 9 ■By the way it (hall be ftt to acquaint you with thus tnuch,that it was net permitted to a dog to enter into the Kcropolkf as ■ Piutarch, r/>ct i? a:Ko\m.sv x] J\j. And they frajedufon each other y Hftdnmong the refi who were not addiQedto tbefea, jet livedhelow , underftand neare the fea, SchoL )cdra). »Tvi eyj/u; -nf ^AitKr^f. The zJ Ai'co then,and ii Kxrt^ knit together made but one joy nt corporation j both, as it were uniting Tirrfi^w unto themfelves, tookcup.as ' *J)io» Chrjfojf CM wv'itcs^ two bundred)?4<^i4, which is about five ' '* ' and twenty miles. Upon which phceyOHore/itts produces a SchoIUfi tdii^ing that the walls were f^Aia» n ^^^' saViajr h, fiftcene miles (ave one furlong. Where I wonder that the learned man had not eftfoonc perceived the number to have bcene corrupt, and written ^ for u twenty five for fifteen. Tor fa it ought to be.Neither is it ftrange that it had fo large bounds. Forconfider that from ^Pireumto Athens were reckoned five miles, as you may fee in ^ P Unity from hthens to Phulertm , and fa to the other fide of Pir*um fbutc miles 'v^'* *>ifi«K»^ B and'-*^* lo ArchadogtA Attic z Lih.i. Cdfii* and a quarter.The utmoft wall of which Thftcydidts fpeakes in his fecond book confifted oi five miles a quarter and half, The girdle of 'PirAnm and M»»j/chia had feven miles and an halt more. All which being put together mke uo but twen- ty two miles one quarter and one furlong. But 1)io» Chrjfo' fttm muft be here undctftoodj and it behoves us to conceive that he fpake not barely of the naked wals,foi then it cannot fl7-0co citato, hold; but I fuppofe feme houfes to have been without * arg^V (f 'j^'^oAof, as he laiCSi rk a. cri:y'< (frt?iw?w* 3rt'\ot«»«, (hould prefently t Aa.Left.l.j. obtrude to us, that *PmfMtas teaches, that the c wall called £•4-? 'PhaUricHs is but ivjQmy ftadia or two mile and an halfe. When indeed he meant nothing lefle. For fpcaking of filt fprings, which he calls Stt^s-'coi; x^J-z^w, he fecnas to involve a reafon drawne from thenearneflfe of the fea. For wb^n he writes of this bracki(h well , Amanv the Athenians, the fen r»hich comes ftp were Phalerus is di^ant from the City bnt twenty fladU at the mofi , quoth he. Wnere Amafaus hath thus (trangely d oted. Athene A fhatero nhCunt ftadia hand anim tUus XX. And that this was the meaning of the Author, proves that which followes. He mi^ht have like^vife confi- dcred that ©ly's with a Dative cafe (ignifics not onely juxta and propeis 1 have tranflated it; but/^^/^r^ fometimes^jWhich will now fefVe better. And Meftrfint indeed Hames the dUhA 1. number; but leeS nor fntdthe wbrds. N«•>^^ it is not ncedleffe f Lib.j. Elcg that the two V^ls which joynes Ptraum a:nd ^Athem at fo 39 p. i^s. long! diftancej be fomewhat fpoken of. feeing they are rec= / In b€llo koned by "^tivie amon» the mtUtM vifoidayfAamy things wor- Mnh.p."f- jjjy jjj ^gf,^ j( Athens, th^fe nrethe uay^r^t^h^viti' Prope'rtU *p j„ , ^^a. J o m^-"ThefeA hmcHa Unga vU, ' c/ifppian of AieX^drUjua^.^ to I nPcrklc.p. o-w'n, zni ^ *Ptftt^ch in CfTtnttr, Ore lying towards the n y. I. £0,. Hortba of VfUch ^ l^ifftmh. Thfe tJfber ttrWsrVls the Sout h Archxolopd Atticd Lih,\. Cdp,2, i r in height above forty Cubits,as ^ iyfppian teftifics^ Thefe are y,^ , -,^^ called Jiiunrtiyfi by ^1)i»»Chryfbftom ^ bccaufd tyf(he»s ^^'Jiuij^^" being at one end,and 7/>rf««?at the oibcr,the(e were drawn b Oiac.^. forth between. And when writers (peak of Ktncv v\«TMW>H. ForThemiJiocles added*pir^H7ntothe C'itj.'^Q'^^^^^^ ' ' read in ^Probus that he was the only agent m walling'the Ci- ^ j^^ Them. p. ty,and that he fo haftned the accomplifliing,thit they were 17. faine to be as it were(acrilegious,andmikc:uk of materials formerly confecrated to the edifying of Temples and MonU" ments of the dead. But = Tlntarch gain-faies this, and that g inThrm p. he did only tw) TnMv i^-iTSHV 7^ 3h;«v<, t^ tIuj y^uSj-nii dnKcLT]i](^ ^f l.i J. conjoyne the City and PircNw, and put the land to take ac- ^^''"^- «" quaintance with thefca. It feemes fomcwhat forward be- ^^''"•P'JJ^ fore.However,fo fennic was the ground it was founded up- j pim.p.i 5 f. on , that the worke foone came to great reparation, which 1. 1 2, unkff; '' CimoM the fonne of Miltiades undertook. For with ftones ra 'tz^pv ofan huge weight and lime he made the earth fo firm that it JP^^ ^•^l^e rc- could not give. Nay he was fo liberall,that he did out of his Z'^ '^^on^n ° r r ^ i r ^'^^ 3fccr thc own expences lo great favours, to a people that lome years victory at after gratified him with exile. Neither did he only mend the Cmdua crec- breacheSi but in after time ' finiflied the whole worke, fo t^d thefe wals that hs may truly be faid to be the founder of them. Let us ^* y^^^^ti. in now come to the Gates of the City.* LMenrfms hath obfer- V4"'^i'Yould vcd tennc , but I feare they will fcarce fuftice to fuch a vaft nehhtr de- City. Take t/^en thefe. Dipjlon or Thrlafia^ thc faircft of all, ceivc my fdfc --' * / /- 1 . • . . /- V . -^c Reader. uqXkA, greater lomcwhat and wider then the reft, nencc J fuppoie ^ q^^.*^ | ,^ naiacd Difjhn as if it were as big as two gaLcs.nw^ttiiCPu Pi- p. i i.a. ' \ B 2 rtkXQA 12 ArcbdoUgU AtiiCiS Lil^i, Cap.i^ raiea neercthe Temple of C^aicodoon, Here were buried ' {ome of ihofe that dyed in fight with the Amazons in the lime «InTfacIco. oiThefeHs, ^ Plnt^rch. i^rWAj Hippadtt. where the boncs f 5.1. to, -"^ of Hjperides the famous Oratour rell with his progenitours, who being^-^ckcd under A»///j/«r the facrcd gate. We read of this in <= TheophraftHs's Cha. ( r*r/J»»*- 1 4> . Of. Ki^cimix^. ^eramiae, Thefe are called by Xencpho/t ajh nS Kfiga^Dtto TTvKcu TbegAtes in Ceramietts , where many of the Lucedtmonimts were buried,wbich dyed in the feditious war , g that ThrafyhnlMs Blade againft the thirty Tyrants, f Xeno' yj75?.l*4i. fhpn. Ainyd-^^iTpJt.eu. 1ht%zltloi*Diochares. OfwhomI have nought to fpeakc. A;^;y/>j«; Wa a< The AcW»4»^< ^ Thcfe are all that ever I met with named : others there are ^'^^^^[l"jl"l!l[ ©bfcurely pointed at by « Patifamas^ as that neare the Gallery ^^^^^ \iJ{i\l which from its various draughts they call VacUe , where is \^^^ wiiicm the effigies of i^4Vrr//?'/(fA^tfrrf/^/ in braffl*. And others about thisphce, as the beginning of his httica, of which I had better bold my God and mm peace then (peake as good as nothing. Thus have we found '* I?^ 7'["'^^* twelvc gates;, which bemg opened, enter; lacKc that „y[]jo„|j fwcet aire, whofe excellent purify brought forth luch thii,kc ihiil acute wits i» and prepared with a moft happy bounty under- have ftolnc (landing judgements for contemplation.Wfaence 'Eurifides o.u of htm,be- may well ftraine to this note , that Venus fitting neare , and "^'*^. ^^ "'J*^* adorning berfelfe, fends forth continually Cuftds ofiearnhg^ | ^ ,' "^^P* '^* TiavniiKcc^inf ^oucp if. Well may he blcflc that clime ftiling b Caffiod. n,A \aiir^e^rdnf aJb'i{.ci., wfaich hath bcenc the Mother of the Var.l la. Mufcs (by the leave oi MMcmofjHe) or at leaft the Nurlc to * ^i-'^cn. p. them, for there are they faid to have travelled with Harmo- ^j^j*/,^*' wM ; as if there were no fuch melodious content , as in the e in p/xVal Sciences. Let not ' Theofhra/Iuj aflfertall ^reece to lye under Chatact.' the fame temperature and difpofition of the heavens, when / TonM.p. at this day \tmaybefpoken,asoncc Ar//?/^/didofit.^No ^7j. coaft fo truly void of all earthly dregs , and participating more of the celcftiall and defecated aire. Not unworthily hath Stfhocles beene lavifli in cxprefTions. s Tamous^ '» 7 he g Aia.p.57, mefl renowned f ' Hdppj, ^ Sacred hthens. Pindarus. ' Wonder- '•' ^^^'^' Co!. fuL « AiHcb]poksn of, " AV^f,c^'c. To the making up of her focd'.Col delight comes to all the river ^ephiffus , which is able to pi6^'. bcarc vrffels of a good burihen,as I have been informed,but i( Aia.p.7 1. the 7>r4?/ fearing left it might be advantagious to an enemy /m.r.561. : that might invade them , have cut it into many and fundry little ftreams damming up with an innumerable quantity of ftoncs themouthof the river for a mile in length. Tr»inkiog thty have fufficiently prcvented,wluchthey did but iuppofe could happen. B 3 C A. P. 14 ^rditdh^d jUtUd Jjt.j, C^p.^* CAP. ML A-fltui. A^iwa^oi, Afores, c^ Ingenia, t> /aicrzC^ff^a^v. ^^Hdntum hodierni differunt a veteribtu j <^ quaUm vita rutionem mC' dumc^^ hahent, a ivfiUc Ea- TpH E htheniaMshy '•'Dicdtdrchus arc divided into two Aa'cTvGv'. I fortSj A-^ijcif, AmVa/, andASioyof-f. Of which though p.i^p. there were no difference in latter times, yet certainly of old there was. Infomuchasone of the punifhmcnt5,which the Athenians are faid to inflift upon their women ( for the ap- pcafing of Neftune , bringing in an inundation upon their h Varro apud fields to their great damage, in anger conceived for loffc of Aug dc c. V. the Title of the City) was this, ' That none fhould after call ii. .1 .f.p. them A3ia;x much the word doth import. Su-cooVi-TO'^f. Given to falfeac- aufjtions. The '' Scholiaft of Ar//?kr>avethit gets his living by pr^omooting, •* ^tt <;t;L p.6f, H«?«; n<« (fjf . One that meddles in every mans aft'tirs , arid j' Xertophon. therefore ' Arifiophaws hath fitly brought one upon the '^^^'^^j"^'"^* fccnc terming himfelfe an Overfier both of private and pub- TfLto p.90, liKe matters; If then fuch a perfon h«d efpied any tripping, p.^i.b. and gotten him^apon thefaip, he vroald "as fure have fetched him over for his toyn, a&toy Snvimoner doth a petfon delin^ qaent towards thefle(h/)r any Lawyer a credulous client, & having, well plumed him> afterwards give him a dimiftoric. XfnopkanSucti wer« many in A«Awx,infomuch" f hat ^ rijiothf 'By^hu /?, being wk«l wtwt A/^?«w wasri^wered, M^<«Xt) :Ai^^4««- P *'*';» 9. fuBf-Ah^C •Rjrn irriw^ fW^^'-Ttef cv-ao^'J"' Sin a\JpUi\x\ a Veffe of 'Ho- ^ ^■^^•^' mfr\t\ the dcfcripiion of A/ciftous his garden, but pears grew ripe after ptftrcs , and figs after figs, meaning a continuall fucciifion of 3y«ophatits.Tbis vndAd IfwrMttt the Oiatour to ccnupare'ilvcCityitba Cottcian, with ^h6m few there were jjdc'Woald h/vct'd^tjejycft none dare take to wife;iffirn[>ing i.'i, By rcafon of their Sycophants and trecherics of niinbleton- gued Oratours. n«ee*7'?>i"'/ '^•j' i^nmof ^itf;. 1 was once halfe in an opinion that thcfc words were to have been put to the former thus» cv^oipeufTu^a^^r/^n-TrdT^/S ^^.vix^o^ Hicov, And I thinke the fcnfe will runne well , AfaliticHs ohfervsrs of the lives of fir Angers. The hthenUns were ^/^s^i c< and held hof- pitality lacred, and I doubt not but they had that Law, That . ^ -J forrainers Jhould receive no wrong, ha u^dJiKar'^ ^ Socrdtes p.4zT.''^* '"'' ' in Xenofhon. Now he diicommends the ^■TilKo'l as ready to trouble and vex ftrangers in hw.duly marking and bearing an eye unto them to take them at an advantage : A s for the Kthenienfes they were a«J«^3^f«;::^«/ d-TK'oi mTi '^■:7r>i<,^i\iei! ytna-iot (fC^ctmj 3 rdve jpiritedifnile dealings and faithfttB friends. But as the words were at length confounded, fo did their man- ners degeneratcgrowing into iu'm(jMK\ait 7j,> tfvmui^in Irreg$f b Lib 6. ^(i^ity of nature, as ° PoljhtMS, No fitytxa-^-^ct aftcrwards,bitf hautineffe of fpirit , -magnammity now fallen. And when ( Dcc4 p.7 J. I ' -^'^7 fay es ex veterefortuns nihil prater animos fervare, hcc meanest they had nothing left but thofe proud fpitits, which their ancient flourifliing fortune had puffed up. No etVAo-wf , or fimplicity, ^ noUmbe like innocency^ or mildneife ; but as W Ariftofh. p. ' FlmarcbfyciktStfeofleraJhlymgrjifosnttitifHUyrAtherin'' ^94- dined fif/drplj to take opinion, then cjMittly to te enformed, hnd ' '^^"'•j'^" 4s the J are ready to helpe bafe and ohjeU: feafants^ fo fiiendly dee they entertaine childijh and ridiculous tojeSy rejoycing in their own praifes , and nothing moved with fcurrility, FearfuU and terrible even to their governours, humane towards their enemies, fVthjtcz. Not unfitly then ^ Valerias Aiaximus , Quantum ergo repre' p.zo7. henfionem merentur^ ^-c* How defervc they to be blamed, who though they had juft laws,yet had moft wicked difpofi- f ion,and chofc rather to take their owne courfeSjthen put in pra^ife their (latntes? As for their impudence,(o great was ir, that to exprclTe a countenance void of (hamc,the Comc- pPjg.iSog. dian hath put A-^i/jVySAs'sr^, An hthenioMlookf* in ^ T^ubi- 6LiKa.p.47. ^»/.f^^^«f >*iiths HomAns would fay, it was perfoimed j7,r(^, ever mindfull, as ' VirgtLntemor ira. And the hatred they pro- ^ jgg^j-^ ^ iecuted the Barbarisms withall was io unquenchable,thit it burned againft "all Barbarians for the Perjtans fake^and they (, ifocrar. ir> iorbad them their facrifices as they ufed to doe murderers a- Pan p. 10^. mong them. Whercyoumuftnotcthatali that were not Grecians were called of them Bari^aridns.But loel How are they now become all barbarous I whether or no people of Africa or fomc of the Or^Z/iwI cannot juftly tcllUlfahunte' tans all, poore and miferablc, living fay rapine, or fiflaing, or tilling the earth, = Favolius ^ura^ coaQi c Hodeep. Pauperis ajfrnerunt vitam tolerare rapina, Byt l.j. Aue pajjim tnfefiant furto^ rapto^ prtpinqua ^/€,(jHora firatt^ fed qua pars aqMior^ hamit Fallit incfcAtos teretifuh or undine pi fees, %/fMt dtfolatM exercet vomere terrain Strsffer inops, mifera^ infelix, rerum omnium egena* Oppretl witb need they doe their life (ullaine By rapine, and anoy the neighbour maine With pillaging. Who ire more juft and good With angling doe the (illy fiOi delude ; Or plough the grounds made defolate beforct Unhappy, wrecched»mis'i:able> ftili poocc. CAP, f^ AnhitoUgm Attiu LiLi. Cd^,/^» Carnaffeta di- vide them imo lib.Lll.Z,. i PoUux.1.8. /IfxSolooe. CAP. IV. «a» weale publique^ But it had not beene amiffe if I had (Hewn how the ty£^')fti4inj had divided their people into three daf- fes as the A ^«/4«x dJd,asT have fpoken above. Tor the firfl degree or Enfutride addiiacrisy partly Medi- terrane, thence Mefojany the other name from the King that was then; whether the King would honour the Tribe (o much , or the Tribe glory in the name of the King , I know not.It is probable that it was an honour to their governour, for as C^creps gave the firft names, Cranaus the fecond, each HJuming A title to himjelfe , SriUhoniHs called them after the name of Ju^ter, 'PaHa4, Ncftnne^ Vulcan, C^^tli, ASiou alf .no?w, •fetviaf. Ufeu^df. But when Ion came to rule they were named a In TerpRc. ^^^^^ ^^^ foure fonnes, Geleontes^ c^pcoreu, Argades^ Hoflc- p.137. tes , zs * HeredotMs znd *" Snripides ; though Plfttarch Uycs n In lone vcr- that they were fo called ' ^ t^ H^^^t't lU « t/>wpe3j»7wi> 01 0iot 7^ fu$ fineni. ^:^nvj from the couf fes of life which they firft tooke. But c In Solon p. ciiflhenes a man fadious and wealthy is faid by the Counccl u'Ax\n\ic% T. ^^ ** Apoi'Of AlcwaoH being ty^rchon to make tenne of them, i.p.jjd. A. changing the ancient titles, & f aking new from (omc Demi. T.i,p,5 5i. gods or Heroeshoxnt in that land all, except v^jax, whom though a ftranger,hc put to the reft,as a neighbour and c©m- # In Terpfic. panion. c Herodotus. Thefe then were called E Wj^y^/.as you r* J7. would lay giving names; the word fo fignihes (omctimcs,as tJ]dinervA is faid by Dion Chryjoftom-. Eymviiut Ad^wtTv, who gave the name to Athens.To thele were credcd Statues near the CounceH place of the Senate. Their names are thcfe as /In Atj-p.^-j, f^Mt/ani^ hath th^fflj fifpfothoffn, Anticchuf, Ajax TtUnto- nius^ ArehMltgid Atticd Lib.i, Cdp.^» ^i nittSyLei,^reElheHS that flew ImmaradHS the fonne of £umol. fus in the SlenfmUn war, ty£geHSf Oenerts, Acmw/u, Ceerofs^ Pa»di0H. From tbcfe Irm^oy-ng, A?r?o;^"f , A/«ty77f, A50Prlf,Oty»iV, y\x.«a4»7/f,KixpoOT>,nt»c/>ow'f To which they put two more,ons called after Antigonns^ the other after Demetrius his name,in grafuity tothemlPor the favours received; which in procefle ef time they changed into^//4//>,and Ptolemaic, ts SttphdHus writes, ^ix7fIi7:u>vvcucvlvcp\';)-n^itn(/iaL(riKimv, having beene curttoufly entreated by the * Kings bearing that name, ^jh^fearc Which being fo , let us take heed that Livie deceive us not, reckoned a- who at the time , when tyfttMlm did fuccour the ay^theniAm mong the E- againft ?hi/ipjUiQS they firft thought of adding that Tribe to ponymos in ihetenne, m thankfgiving that the iJW«rcfcued fourfigh- F^f^''^' "^^^ ting fliips of the tAthenUns taken by the LMacedoniAm, and j.kc^ifc^"" . fent them home, * TumfrimHmmentioilUtAdetrihH ^^''w ^ j).j.aj* j ,^ AttAlida ApfeBMrent , n^i decent veterts tribus Meidenda* Thus p. 5. have we fecnethat there were twelve Tribes in all. Let us look back to the firft inftitution.I fuppole they were firft or- dained for the better adminiftration of civill government. * Euftathiftf writes that they were divided in imitation of i la II. bpag, the ycare, the fourc Tribes according to thcfour quarters ; 1 8 1. each Tribe into three Fraternities, which they call T^iiJCi or f>£jt7j'jaJ anfwerable to the twelve Moneths, each (pt^Tyi* or Tfiilof into thirty HJn or kindreds equalifing the dayes. For fo many only had the ye are of old. Witneffe the Riddle of c CleobnlHs concerning the yearc, « Lafrcius p^ One Father had twelve Sonnes, and each fon thirty daugh- ters,and every daughter black and whitc»meanitig daicsand nights. Over thefe were governours e hereafter fpoken with thercafons thereof) p/)*7e/{««, $ Lib.g.c.4. Thratri^tM from hencecomes which is 7l'«j f(et7fjAvQuMiifaut to meet, for fo Eufidtbins in another place, h j 7Tto7o'(^tu/»tp«. As for the 5!yto/ *via being a participating in one thing,or having an equaall fliare in the lame privilcdgcs. Great was th«ir care of each otherjgrear was rheir mutuall lovcjwhich that it might contioue, Solon their Law- giver ordained ccr- taine feafts to be provided, whertia they {hould kindely en- rfD* f h ^Cffainc each other. c/VT^n-rt^uxeTiKa, and pct7e/)c«,'. '-/^^/&r«<«/. i)^iM)T.iCa. v^eai ijt^a.r Inj tja^ ^anst it, to. f f-tfTC/xa'.&C. Of feafts celebrated at thi? day the Law-makers have appointed Vhyleticd for Tribes , T>em9tiQA for the people or popular, moreover %^rcbdolo^U Attkd Lib,i. C'lp.^, 25 Moreover TAw/tf/ for Collcdges (asPhilofophersfiir the dcJith of their Grand Mafters) and *jPhratrica for the fame 'Ward. Hence E^a'{«r -jiw (pvkIu) and isia^ni Ttj\T (^cd-m^t. Of which in due time.The rcafon of thic the ^ipoH^/ophifi gives, faying that wine hath iKxu^Jv n ^^^V ca/^<, as ^ ThncyMr ^j^^^^j^ fpeakes , by Villages before there were any Townes ; from wheiKe comes the word Comcedie. ^ At vero nondum ^ p^^at. in 994Elis in $trbem tyfthenienftbHS , cum Afo&ini 2(omh, idej^y Prxf.in Tcr. Fafiorttm vicinormm^ prafidi 1>eo , cenftrutlu oris in honorem iivind. ret circum Atticdt vicos^ villain ^ comfitdfeftHm carmen folenHtter canturent : ort4 efi CcmoediM ^ ^^tu <^ A^iliMMoK, d»,A rN fjLVf, that they wcrc not called fw'f4As or villages by the 4thcm4uuj2\xtJii^*f( wkicb they tran- flatc 24 Archd^gtJt Attiea Lib.i* Cap,$, flatc Popuhs , better in my ininde ofpida or Townes. Ciar* « Lil'.7. rp.j. «?'!^ * Atttcum. Venie ddPirae^ in <»r'^. Moreover I faavc Written, that fome of the Townes were governed by a King before the reigne of Cecrops, And no marvell, for fooie of them farrc c In P3D3'h. fwrpaffed other Cities, as ^riftides affirmcth. Thefe were Ti.p.j i6, * moft peculiar to the Jifhemans , anciently called veoxxdtm^ d Nub. pag. as <^ Ariftoph.Schol, or Nou/Kaejojj as '' Po^tix , twelve belon- * J5«^* ging to every Tribe.But CHfthenes changed them iato =^V«?, naililz- *s out of AriftotUxht SchoLoi tAriftoph, The number of 21 y. * "* them is, as « Euft-athins out ofStrabo,zud ^ C^/aub^f^n hun- g In Athcnea: dred feveoty foure. Some whereof having the fame name uml.6,C'9. are diftinguiflied according to their fituttionsKaSw'TTtp^-gK and vsrcr^pflsr, as wc may fay the upper and the lower Wakefield, &C. AH of them arc divided into Greater and Leifer. The A p, f,n Afr ^ H-'^-po* or lefft arcthefe. Alimufii, Zofler, ProJpaltU, a//«4- JgTo. gyr^fi^^ Cr/»W»^ Acrtj^jaf. Aj^rttu/t or Agrjle. EaonjmU ox Enonjmns, ThemdtioxJheniacus. (le~ fhiJia.Thc oppcr Lawpra.Thc lowcE Lampra^ in which .Si^©- »/«j crres calling one the maritimate, the other the inferior, which to be one and the fame I have fhe wn above. Psmho* t4^4, Perga/c, SyhiJiC, fkfgus, hn^gyrus, ricmcOor?.' . . ■ ^yyiKn- KvJit^lu'euov. Ku'^fj?* Oa, w Oh5- TleuAv/d xaSu7r:f- ifi-t: Tlcuauet Jsriicp-^^iy. Vl^cCu^i'^og. "^T^e-ict. ^y][ajeL. M'uJp/fBf, A*^r/r C)dafheriaMm. Cjtharum. On or Or^. The upper P(t- MHUf ihe under T*a»is» Frobalinthns, Stiria, Fheg*a, Myr- rhintu. « hhau Ag^f jjiiAj. A^^Uii. 8*7))' rafJii7loq. AiOLuiot.. Epe;;^^:^'* Ee/- X^ia. "E^^efot. Ix.«et^»l I*«e/Of. Ko^u-ru?. Kvtfkt-r^j nAad^iei Tt- v'^aT. "^Hfat^'d. ^iKcuJki. XomJki hU Krafhenides. Ar/iphiH, 'S0te, ^Argettus, 1)iorteM. Erecttna, Ericris, Ecbria, -'carim or IcMriHS.IonieU, CvljttHs, ('jeUtttieU. Flothta. Tithra4. 9*Af- gM.PhiUde.Ch^Uid^t. AKoLfxaf-rif, A;*?<. ^i^ic'iAu. Bfi\dlhu. KeieiAJhu. KOj-'yAMof. ^OtiV iiejuA. 0/»o« EAep«/a,'AM. v^^rtia,. Amaxantea, ^nacaa* Acberduf, Ifecelia* Eleatts. Eleufs, Erandx. *Xhjm*.tada, (JeriadA, CorjdaRm.Ocum^ec«lkum.OeHrmi EicMtheroi* Spheadalf, Ai}4\ia J} Ai}i\o{. AAttirtx-H A\a>7Ci\ffl. A^(;>/^7nl. ApctpKu^f. A- riuj'tl Aiiulia. B«aTtt. &of3U, Kexc^ct. AdtxoTTv'f^. MiKeufU'iT) MiKeurax* Xltt^hxln- UivTiKi. 'S.niJLayiJ^u. «>«(«?>■. t/£gitia or ^ySgilHt.. Alop^ceox Alofeca, AmfhitrefcAnaphljjtus.AteHe or AteuU* £MS. Rhamnus. Of this Tribe were fomc towns taken away & put to oihsc,Afhjdna,Ferftda^^^, "B'/lndy BkJcuJ^. ETm(,y\^icict. @(>\cl « 0pi», lTOT7Bf/«/«/. Aaxjct, Aydpdt.. Tvp(xi/iu. 'Butea, Bntada. SpicepJn/ia»ThrU or Ihrii^, Hippefmada. Lacia Laciada. Lttfia, (J^eiitt, Oc or ty£a, Pc" rifhadd, T^teUa, *Phjil(.AcharM4,Tjrmida, hifiviKiJiu. Qjf>y*ftJ\u. BiTMicidd, Thjri^nid^. K»y^hn* €*nthjl4, A:5roM(»fi«M/^jwiw^/, Thefc arc all which authoars make make mention of according to their Tribes,others thtre arc, which I know not how to diftribute , none of the Antienta cither directing or furnifhing me. But thcfe arc they : Agra, tyffichffntufy AmfhiaeUt Artbilid, AfijpdUa, Atalantd, A- chrddnsy BeiyinAt 'SraurM, SnU(fui,E»My Eche/iddf Zofitr^ Ihrion, Gahy C'd^f CothtcU^e, ^otU, Cj^^f^^^"^ Cer Amicus without the City , the fame with AcademU , LaurwrH, LendMm, Limntj O^ufijchUy Vm-hc/, 'Pnjx, Vatroclus his ditch or trench, Scirttmy Spor^iluf, Hydrufa, Hjmettirf, By- JidfVhaura, Vhormijti^ Vhritttii, VboroHy Ckitone, Oropus. To which are put the Ilands,called ?h4rmacft/d ^two in number and VfjttalU. The Scholiaft of ' Ariflophanes fpeakes as if a in Rmis p. /•wcrcaD«w///,butiray notwithhim.Thegrcateftufe we *]?• have of thefe among authors,is in their forme of Law, mat- ters of contrafts, and the like, that there might be no fraud or deceit; that none either unjuftly be taxed for any thing, or tax an other. Hence we read fuch punduall claufes in their writs ; N.thc fon of N.dwcUing at A/opeca,lK Koixv,f,i« hUKiTyt.UKi^aui'ury o{ ['^h^oi McUtt^oiCerAmeia, In thefe Yilliges were Temples of the gods. ^ Livu^ 'Vemplo pdgdtim fdCrMtd, And againe, DeMraJitifnifey quA quonddm pagdtim * Dec.4.I.i.p, hdhitantes inpdrvitiSu CdftiRit viif^ eenfecrata , nein undm **•*?• qnidem urbem contrihuti mdjores fuideftrtd rcliefUsrifK* So much witncffcth ' VdufaMiM,vfho tells us that they worfhip- ^ j„ Atttc# p. cd fome peculiar Deity, and yet nevertheleffe did -ni^' A^,£t 77^1.40. aj^^-irTTfi?, honour /Vtwrt;4. Some of them had peculiar feftivalls , as Sranrtn the folemnities Sraurctttd, to DtMM, Di^mfd to Jnpittr 'DionuHt^ Chitoncd, ^, I>a CAP. ,J3^.. 2$ Archjt^Ugi4 Altlcje Lib,i* C4f.'j, CAP. VII. Tvia.m(.0Myify\A^£^n(My^i7iA. jithenienftHm fidtus mutatlo, « In Ctefi. TT He ArcicntS! had but three forts of governmenf . Tjrsn- phontcmp.4. 1 ttfi^^Vem^cratiayOli^arckia ^S ^ ty£/chi»es,wh^ck Poiybius cz\\s0a-(rihHoiv,cLei^->i^alc-lAY^/-^[jL'iy^a.ltta-p. whcrc alcbough thc onemmesitiTjraM/iiior Tyranny, the other /S-^^t/ahV thc rule of a King, yet muft we underftand the fame. For in old time all Kings were called Tyrants,as Serv'ms onVtrgil hatb obfervcd.A word taken up by the Grecians about the time of ArchilochuSf which neither Homer , nor Hefiod i^new ; and , thereforcarc the Poets noted , as, IJ^ow TrirnnQont, for cal- ling thc Kings, or B^a-ihui before the 1ro']m wars, Tyrants or Tyrannos. B£tcr/A«ct or a Kingdome, is where obeifance is free, yeclded rather out of a good advice, then for feare or might. Aeift^f alti'^ an Ariftocratie , when mefl: wife and juft men are fitly chofen to fit at the Helme of the Wealp publikc. AMfX'x.j-^t/aaDeri'Ocraticwhenthe Layrsandca? liomcs of the Counuy in tTiiters belonging both to Gods and men are truly oblcrved, and that rules the rolt , which ■*• fhall be approved of by the greater part, 71 J^^av 7Wf ?rXf7o.>ccTa>i', by their prefidcnts. Such dominion is ta- Ctd'. ken away by the people let on a rage, and not bearing td; r ttcncrJiuvi^xJati the injuries of their rulers. Hence comes in a ^Democratif, which SafhocUs calls ^ -nS -nhi]^ hoy)Yi the power of a multitude, whofe end is fireedomc, when all can equaljy partake of the lame privilcdges and immunities,who are true citizens ; whence TereNoe Itiles it ^iquam tlhertatew, for which the Greek Oratours have properly ufed the word 7r*AiT«tt as 'P'/pian obfavcth. But the vulgar for theraoft part d In Demoir. {Irangcly inf "lcnt,prone to wrong,and ready to trefpafle a- p.59. gainft the Liwes , bring in by a miferable proceeding , the worft kiiide of govcrnmf^nt an Ochlocratic,the rule of JRafca- liiy. All thf {' in their times did Athens f eele,for they were governed by Kmgsfoure bundted eightie feven yearji : the laft of which was Codrus^ who in a fight between the 1>«r*- enfes and AthenU^^s ( ft red himftlfe willingly to be fl iine, it beiru; foretold by the Oracle of AfoUo that the Y)orienfes (hculdbe corquerours unit (Te the Athntan King were kil- led; he therefore clothing h\n\fc\f farnuUri veficnepo([er ag- nvfckf faies ' Cicere, ^kh a icivjnrshaijitklt he ftiould bee g TufcOJ. v "^"^ * 'D i knowne* ^o Archxohgid Att'tCd Lih\» ^*P'1* known, put himfclf»mong thcencicicSjbyoneofwHchJn a brawle he was murdered. After whom none enjoyed th« « Juflin.1,2. name of King," ejuodmemorU Komtnuc'jus trikutum ^7?,which was done in nremory to his name.Por after th.zx, Arebontes or Jitdges ruled ; in the Title « f ;tf v7s,', ArchonteSy but in power Kings, vvhofe authority was for tearmc of life. Thcfe conti- nued three hundred and fifteen years. Thefe being ended, it pleafed the State to cht)ofe a man , whofc office (hould continue but ten yearcs ; fevcn luccecded each other, and made up the number of feventy yeares ; who, becaufc they abufed their power, were made but for one ycarc , called ^, -. . therefore b <««»«» -i/4^»/?r4f/sfi, yearly Magiftrates. Thcfe '"••*^' continued 'Pijtflratus, for a fained feare of the feditioas, begged a guard of the people for his fafety. For when the fartion fprung ap , of which I have (bokcn in the fourth Chapter , hec cutting himfclfe with lames , and the Mules which drew his Chariot , went into the place of meeting, <*>;«>, and befeeching the people to afford him fome defence againft their violence, who did (but did not) a {fault him, procured a company of chof en Citizens who armed with clubs, not weapons, poflefled the Caflle, and cH^^racIidcs (6 Tyranny came in, which Pifijlratus enjoyed = thirtic in Pol, yeares, and decea(ed,leaving behinde him two Ions,Hif^medes , Sraji^ fir«tusy Phidoy DrdContidtSf Eftnutthes, t^rifioteles, Htppowa- chfts, Mntjithldes. They began at firft to put to death the Word and inofl abhorred, fates ^ Ssluj^fWithout triall of law, h In CatiJ. but afterwards rhc good and bad alike ; ' fome for envie, o- Confp. thcrsfor riches.. Thefe tomake theirparty firmechofc a- ' X:o.f,27x. bout three thoofatid to whom alone they permitted to hive weapons, difarming all the reft, to the end they might cafily command their lives. Bucby their La^wcs (for they made fomc . :»! Anhdolcgi/t Attks Ltk i. Cap,"!. # Xtn.p.z7j. foftie, fttle3 * K*/vei»«^»i, which wcre-nuUifiedbyadccref, as we {lull rpeak hercaftcr)nonc was to i\McT hiU y,Aici/,.oy«r who was rcgiftrfd in tholift of three thouhnd. So crucil b DciR p 467 ^^^^ ^^^y * *^*^ ^^^ people fled into '' ^Phyle a cattle in the '■" " A fi&rf d the ancient cuftomes to them agaiuke. Toiliim ihty afm^ci fuch,wof ihjp, as alfo to his fa- ihcii that f;i&jey)Ciian^ed thexiamcbf rheir^w^f from Arc^w i Plut. in De Wt©'i ,^<^^/i^emetr i us to ap^ prrt>j!, a mercilclTc (laughter , faics A/'/jm'*, f'f" p g.iiz. that the ' ftrects did run with blood. Bu: the La wes were **' ^^* not much altered by this Conqucrourj and therefore Chey li- " '" "'"' vc« ^juZt, as'c onftmriam. ^Jnl'tf* \4\t&% wbu.hin fheW(»rdn)f Niccphorus ^regora^h H i-R m. t' ?.ci ^ ^ ^^^ii^z'm '^"'^ »' '^»p/*i who having no iffue male ot his wife,£*i^«* ^^ ' ' but an illegitimate named hntonint^ by another woman, be- queathed by will *Bce»U4 and TMts to him , but hthens to '"In the time the * VencttMS, from wh«mhis fonne recovered it againe. ©f picfftf Zmi ^trius (iiccecded him in the Dukedom who thruft out ChsU' Mnae Ambaf- cH9n^lM his father. After him came in hntonius^ l^ttius^ AtbcL todoe ^r*^^^" ^° '^^ former iV^rwi/. Now about this time wcmuft homage to th« know that MMhomet thc fonne of Kmnrat the fecond got Venetian Se- AtheHS, ^ whofe beauty and building he held in admiration; nate. M. Leu- which whcH he had made his own, he continued the Title, ienor in hi- p^j another Tierims from thofe above named dyingjeaving •Ahe*vt«d- ^^ ^°"°® *" infant, his mother in the childs Title exercifed an Frincct, Tyranny. The woman loved a VtntuM Noble man (Tonne d Chalcocon. to *Pttrui FMlmerius^io whofe government the Citie Nduflim l^ p.i 5^, tm was committed, he is called by ChaleocMdilM T^riMtms) who came thither for merchandize. Him by diicourfc and flattery (he inticed into her love, promifing that (he would take him to her husband, and give up the Princedome of A- thcHj unto him. But upon condition, that he would divorce his owne wife. Whereupon the young man going to yitniee flew his wife,fwclling with ambition,and thirfty oi honour. Which being done, he returnes to Athens, marries this wo- Bian^en joy cs the government of the Citiet who being htted of the /^tbenisns, 2nd complained of at the Court.to avoid en- vy termed himfclfe the Childes Tutor. And not long after ta- lcing the boy with him, went to the Court, where Frdneus AccUjfi/Mt waited . expefting to be promoted to the Duke- iomc.Whcn the Emperour therefore under ftood the folly of tfctewoQ»D>heg»TCttu:|4tlctohuQ, Who bcif^g cslUlled, im- 'Jrehdiltpd Attiu likl. Cdp.'j, 35 impHToned the woman at ^^^r^^nd tftcrwards(b3[ meaos Bot known to the • Author) (lew her. This FrMcma in time ^, was taken away from men by Z#^4w goTernoor oiFC" * ^*\c9Skl loftmtfHSt jV<«^<'»*r* having mtcUigence that " N«?* the kthtmtma would have dehVcrcd tbQ Citie to the Prince of ^«#^ fM. Heewastbe laft Duke. E2 LIB. 3^^ ArcbdUfigiA Atfkx Li£f»2, €4p,i. LIBER SECVNDVS. C A p. I. -^ *Duodceim 'DU hthtnienfium MoUtrU feftifmMm commlf' fa^'DiiAiifcriptitii, Qiot^A-rw^f, * Vig;^K h In '^ nail c Scb.3urip, Alcift » Pj% z6o. Srodfitus in » Terpfchtre is of opinion that the Greckcs derived their religion from the c^- %lJptians, But " Plutitrch doth ftouily deny, it ^ And not without goodteftimony may I afHrm that it (eemes to be a falfity. For Orpheus is ^^^ thought to have brought the myftcries of pie- t/iBto (7mf^} who was himfelfc a ThracianyUom whom the m Ai««. p3g. ^^^j '^^o-Kfia. is fuppofed to be drawn, which fignifies de- ^-iwaf. ijcp- VOtion. I'^nHyn -nuiv ^^i f)>J.>.l3ay ^inCfdJ HVi eJi &pa.K/eHiiini; ^ in sttj.i. iviiTiaif^ d'lcs *" Nennus, They Called ^j«3x', to worfLip Godj&c. Appofitely to which ' Arifttpkanes tr 8^7^';^^*. Orph(us pjovtdMs facnficfs 4nd to dhfiMinefiomjlaHghter, Nei- ther is ^ Euripidtf difagreeing in Rhefe, . Ec/W^ftf Offdt'f— Otphtus revealed the hiddtn- mj" fitries^ Herodcius rames not the Gcds, the wcrihip of whom the €rcckj might borrow from tlje i/£gjptiAns j Twelve in T/Hmber yp.iii. ArchmlogU Anicx Ltbs . Cap.i, 37 number they were, qnothhe, tii^ thefe only are icckoned, aPauC a«ic fupiter. Bacchus, Herf-u/es. Afcllo, A^ars.Patt. Dia»a. Iluot PJ Ji^* ^fref. SiifoT Minerva. Lstorta. as I have gathered, which all at once to have becnc made knowne to the CJrctkfs, and that by the t/Egyptia-rtt istooharda t^.skeforme to prove. The A/^ww»/ 1 amTiirchad twelve Gods in efpeciall ho- nour, whofc ' pidures (hey bad drawne out in a Gallery in CcrnmicMs^ and had an Altar credcd, called ^[imuic^/fj^A-'i^ ^ pT^^ j^^ j^j_ 0'£r, on which a little before the SicUUn war , a man dif- ci3.p1g.587. mcmbred himfclfe with a ftone, which was accounted pro- 1. 26. digious.By thefe twelve would they fwear in common dif- courfe.c M:t'75AjcAy.A>t:t9iif. The heathens thinking I hat they cAnfloph. did b«^ur thofeGods, by whom they fware, as 1 have elfe- Equ-p.^oo, A, where fpoken.But they were not confined to fo fmall a num- ber as twelve. For how could it be, when they ran through the fe ven forts of Idolatrit?Pirft worfliipping the Sun, and punifhing with death the negleA thcrcof;as you may read in •^ *?lMt^ch in the life oiTericles* Secondly, deifying the ef- ^ y -j^ j^^^j feds of God, as breid,&c. Tor Clemens KUxandrinus inter- num in De- ' prets A«J, C^res, r t^tus corne or iood. Thirdly, the poeti- monologia, call Gods. Fnries and revengers ef wickedneffe , aS \laflores, : Fa/amfnei. Fourthly , the Paffitns, as Love, *Pitj. Injury like- Wife ard/»»^*<^wtf, to whom EfimenideshwXttn Altar at Athens. Ttftly, the accidents of groutb and nouriOiinent ; .feer.ce Ai^at* and Tkaio two deities, ou/"^ar«v, to increafe.and •SwV^p to flourillij to which may be put Q^tho^ Lachejit, 2nd Jkfropast the three fatall (ifters,and Btu^LUfn^NeceJJitjf taken fomctimc for death it fclfe.Sixtly,thc Theogonie or pedigree of their Gods, able to make up the fiimme of which Homer fpeakts. Tti's jS f^-uao/ &c. Three thoufand. Seventhly, an ig- norirc • of the providence and bounty of God toward them, fained Hercules the repeller of evill , and ty£fcuiaptus the GodofPhylick. Andif this ferve not, lean adde an eighth way, nimtly hofpitality and good entertainment of ftrange Gods. AjioJauoi c??7.a^iAo^«l'»n««AaTeA¥«-/ , vKX) E 3 y)^ JS Arcbdol^gU AUhd Lib,i. Cdf,i* *P*g-47»t ¥) <^' "w^ ®2^f- ^2^es ' StrMh, as the hthentMMS love f err d- nerSf foforrAtne Gods* Ov ^ /uorov tkvj 7rfiy^uTWT»< a^tc^ Qia^tf fclnpanath. ^c. ^ Ariftidet, For they icrvc not only the moft ancient • i.p 1 8 5. Df itif g^ jn J peculiar manner above all their followers, but ^Strab.p.jSj. haveaflumcd adventitious ones; (ucbas ' Ortbofte, Cemf. falnsyznd Tychon, So prone were they to conceive fupcrftiti- a Aa.Apoft. on,that when ^ ?4«/ preached Jefus AttdthtrefnrrelhioH of tbt c 1 7.V.1 8. df^d'^ they forthwith deemed hnafidjin, or rcfurrcftion to be a God. And left they (hould omit any , they erefted Altars e in Att*.p.i. to the unknowne Gods, of which ' ^aufdntM, Neither may 1.3 ;. we doubt of it, the Scripture bearing witnefTe. The ctole of this they fay to be a fearfiili vi(ion appearing to Vbilifidet^ fent Ambaflador to th&LMtdtmonUns concerning aitfigaind: /VideEurip. the ^erjiant, tnd complaining that ht (^ P4», from whom Sch. in Med. mufi\tov afpeStrum) was ne^lefted and other ©ods worfhip- P"*^ *• ped ; promifing hkewife his hclpe, they therefore being vi- dorioas,and fearing the like event>uilt a Temple and Altar To THE UNKNOWNE Go D. Another opinion is* that a plague being at ktbens hot,and the people finding no helpe nrom the Gods they impbred , ruronifing forae other power to have fent the dKeafe • whereupon tliey (et up this Altar, on which was written' E o I s kclAi ^ ^vfei-mf , )^ AtCu'«f,0i»Ajfa)V« )^ Siv?!. To THl GoDS Of AsiAt Europe, AND Africa, to thiunknowm AND stkangbGod. Asf0fiin ^ Mdrtirund Ot' € Pao I J 7 cMmemfts. Much may be iaid of their Tutelar Gods, both for ^ » ^ '* their Cities and houfes , mudi of their Httyts or Detnigocfak We will view them in order. CAP. / x^rcb^tQUgid Attics tikz* Cdp,%, ^g CAP. 11. dii fMU ftUntU , Tejfera hojpitdlit ffu Sjmbolum, c/ffoSt Vtrti arigO. MerCUriui W pauf.p.i 8.1. Snietiety hence f 255 «icf, and of their friendftiip too, hence <°'.^''°,, f «A/e<; and of kindred likcwife, hence S/^T»^cf . To him they ''"^e j^i„ afcribcd Thtmdtr^htncc'ii^f KotTtuC*™? ,as much as comming ^j^jj j"^*^,^ ^ dowae in thunder. To him they thankfully acknowledged judgement, their delivery from the *PerfidmSi wrought by Themfi»cles , that flew Ari' hence ^ EKilSietof, Him they confcffed the rredteft 0fMi,hcr\CQ fi"^ fuppliant- ' Smrr^. Him the •verfeer of tkeir hHyini^dfeiinj^ , hence !f^"^*"g*°/**» • A)flf3lo<, To him flood an Altar facred in the etierts oftheif jif^J^^'i ° iMtfes, hence Jmfiter HerceMJ f from' if ^ot a wall* asifhec e AriftopbtA-. were the watch and defender of the houfe. PbMvtrimn, Epw'* ? ib.p.^z^. Ai3(/3«)|Ctof S^w-jyauJ^'Tiwcu/AW, «u9ei% VQJ^icii, If o i^JUf All rPlut.&Pa«C host^n tp^4(. There was alfo an Altar to him before ^he ^,^*"^^"'j^ gates , of which ^ Ovid,-- Ante Mdesj^d^dt fovie Hejpitis htm, p ^ l^ ^ hence Jufiter Xenius , as if he were the Godof firMgers snd b Mctamorpfa; he^itaiitj. So lolciQDC wcrctbeyintheic cccccuiqmems, that 40 ArddtlcgiJt Aukd lih.u C^.2. « Euilnk la that thty wciild noi receive a Granger without great cere- ^^' J. monies,(uchasgivingof the right hand each to oiher*»i.:7y'- L^Mb^'iKi^ '^' • "^■^"'"^'^''i ^ ^^^ certain fi^nc of fidtiiry, and fccurity; as rhVc ihty i id ^1^° waO^ingand cleanfiMg with lilt, or lilt waier,ab ^ Tt^t" (ct falc b.foit Jtes on Lycophran, whence it if called cl^vW.i to s- Salt they a ly oihcr highly titeemcdof,ever upbraiding violated huf/iuliiy witli nitat to Hran ^ ,^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ w'here is the f ;ilt ? Ana yet it in^y be thought ^1^** ^nkn to belaid of the comamni:y of the table '^ l^v ^^ /ha«^toi' J., ^c;i >cc.Kisp)€^if-ic; a'vt?7B?5 cuUomeslne Wing that ti Tz-.iifs in fellow commoners, and luch as feed of the fame table mud Ly.oj'h r- i8. not injure one another,to which the old faying may well a- t Cic.ds A- gree, " nrnltos modios faliiJimHl edendjs effe , Htamicitia mnnus n«t>-\%r they facrificcd morcover,caliing m"d/of mW J**p^(f^ to witnefle, and ufing thrfc words in the time of fa- leuinps in of Crifice ; g Eif til«t H^r jof etu^r« r, d .afeiop^^jcB*. Let my trgfpajfe water, fo they heagAtnfi fhpiter Xettins^ if I offend, contemne^ or neglell fhan" who come fio gers.hn(i for the coniii)uation of this even to their poltcriry divers claces \\^(^y were Wont to cut an huckle bone in t wcthe one party J. 1 ^J^lnr keeping one peece,the other p .i^y. a\a.v:v>'-miu) ^ini^^ p. 414, Vide hriKging with them ihftr hnlfe huckft hone thej might renew ^^ their hoSfitatitj, This tht y Call nJ^C^Ko^ Synholnm a token, l\.\ ^^ '" Which lometimes they wi'uldffudio iheif acqu^mtancc in AEurip.Sch. Others behalf e, ^%'^afon in £Hripiiei - ffvrs to O^iede* to p.446. Aot » Tl'i fj.TT ti\ TcJ^VJ 01^ 7u'^'} 9 \' hi ^£ci.b6 , cvefits^ hence ^ Amh'Tnti^ft from sa^rjiTr^v, to tiune awayjas if he / Arch^kgU Attics Lih»,i Cap. 2. -41 he iliouU deliver them from eminent evill, for whicn reafon he is called AUxicacut, * Apellhtem nfbellentem niAla intelU- , , , a AS, (jfiem Athemenjcs AM};iHa.Kov 4ppeua»t. He was one or the , p j^, Hrft 6ods they had, hence is he termed ° jrnlvrcf, but ' others b Aniioph. thinke becaufc he was the father of hn. ^ Macrobins is of o- Nub.p.io j. pinion , bccaufe the Sun the fam«e with Apolto, is the Author ^ Anitrpb^Sch ofprogencrating all things, (jaodfol humorihHs exjice,iti4 pro- ^■^"'^' ^gfteranducmmifus j>ra^Hftcaf*f^m. To him Itood Altars in ^j- ' "'* t&cirftreets, henccishe •^ifdi/'f : as if he were fei over their Waics <■ //A* emm viaSy quA intra pomariafunt, dyn-U. This A- ^ nijcrob. gjepts was a fharp pillar ' Kiu>v ^ w \w t»}'. Al- Sat.i c.$>. , though the Greeks, as ^ iJ^^acrobiusiiics, did wosdiip him asf ^'^''-'^.^'^ "•■'?• Oyi'ttToy, exitus c^ mroitHs poter.tem y one that kept thedoores ^'^'^ ?-i^^' of their houfes , yet I finde no monument of that Tiile in ^ ^^^'^'^'^' FaufAHtM. Famous be was for the name of *P<«rf«, of which though I hav« taken occafion to fpeake elfewherc,yet this is a moll proper place. 1 will not trouble you with the triviall derivations of the greekes , which yoa read in ^ ^thAnem • {, jn fi i ih When the Athenians asked helpe of the Oracle at \Delphos 14.010. ' againfl: the (yfmfiz9ns in the daies of Thefens , the God bid them implore his fuccour in thcfe words U ncud^' ' Hanc vo~ \ Microb. Sat. €tm, id ejt U naxM/, confirmafefertftr Oractflnm De/phicnr/t A- 1- i.e. 1 z.pag. thenieMftbus y petentibHs optm'Dei adverfus Ama^onas , Thefeo *5'i. regnante. Namj^ iuitHros beltum ]tijfii his ipfis verbis femetip- fum anxiliMortm invocari , hortari^. I doubt not but the words arc changed fomewhat,cfpecially if we confidcr the ancient lo TMn, Paany faies the ^ SchoUafi ofiArifi^phanes l j„ pj^^ is a long or hymn praying for the ceafing of a pUgue,oi war, p g.68. nay for the preventing of apparent hurt. The originall of U ^ ScdUgerhzxh already found, /4<7,and lo being contraftcd by { Grxc.Tra^. the Greekes for JehotM; Paah then comes from nJD to look, £0 that lo *P<«4« is in force fehova Pemh, Lord looki 41 Po M u S) it bein^ a craft of the Divell to come as near as po0ibly he may to God , fo to bereave him of his dcare ho- nouTjiChe CQuld«Tbe remnants of thcfe wor^s thv^Simenns ^ Y!'^'; ^'* 42 Archxdog'u AJtic^ Lih.i, Cajf.^, a people of the Weft Indies , who in their fighting dance," and leap, and fing Ye Pehoy at this day. Mercury is hallowed /lAriftop. ba. by the nameof »TOA/>)'^'OTi/.(3V'orE(uraAa:;jf,deeraed tobethe p. I lo. Achl God whofe favour could enrich Merchants and Tradcfmen. IM^' He is the God of craft, fo by confequeRCc he is that cunning to cheat may foonegrow ricb,wberefore this God is termed hKu^o^.Qa.^ ^Eexhm^ Vtr) profitable, from '^£^» an augmenting word, and ^'^ ^' :.« to profit. He had a ftatue ereAcd to him in the Market ( Ariflop.304. place called ' Ef-unj hyijojoi. The entry of their houfes was d Pauf.p.ic. facred to him, from which he is named ^ n^TrJ^cuoi, as like- "■^*" vjiiex'^pi^oi {torn spipsiy, to turns, becaufe he was fet up bc- binde the doore to keep away theeves , that were wont to lurk thereabout , and then afterward commit their vilianie. t Pag.i !&, More of his names you may read in ' Arifioph.Sche/, CAP. III. 'De Saturno^ Vulcane^ Neftuno^ Marts, Herculcj avaKra. SAtftrne was worftiippcd by the Athenittns , witneffc the feafts kept in honor to him called Kef'ri^,witncs a f Tem- '•^*' pie Which hehad in e^'^^«/oOf his antiquity I cannot much affirme any thing. He feemcs to have beene of old,as I con- I Ariftop. vrK, jefturC out of 8 Yiej^iKffi yra!XM,SAtffrHW£ rf»»«;«,pUt fot dotftgC ^'^^' proverbially. Vnlcan like wife had his honour there , and a 6P.?j6.Q.a6. Temple, of which ^ DemofihcMes^ where was one of the «xjr- thtnUn prifons; fome controverfies in law in it decided, as I \vt(^ctl. ©c^f gather out oi'^'DemoJthenes, Nepunt was an ancient Pa- hm\. tron of this City,which he loved even to ftrife. He wis fea- \ Ariftcp p ^^^ ^*^^ fecurity in navigation; hence ^A(r^«jAHOf. ^ /df^r/ alf© 403. had his worftiip, and Temple, and Hercules too » who in a I Pauf.p.7.127, drcame appeared to Sophocles , revealing unto Win the facri- m Dc divinati ledge of One vi^ho had ftoleh a golden cqp dut of his tem- one.!. I . pj^ ^ ^j^j^^ theitf ore M«>u7«f bt Jm^x Htr^fdcr, ^ " ThSj, Neither ^rchdokgU Attkd Lth.z> Cap.^^, 43 Neither were they contented with fuch a quantity, but ca- nonized more daily, as the (onnes of Tyndarnty Cafiar and 'PoUhx naming them ara-xTH. •' aM'-trng }^ i-^sv vs\j ShuiX^.u^tf A Pfut.Thct. For they who have a care and watch of any thing doe dili- gently obfcrve it ai!cL^\ tyfi¥. for which Kings perhaps ate called ^va^rny as keepers of their people. ^ The Scholiaft of b In Hippbl. Euripides teaches us that ^U^ properly (ignifiet h a S aviour. P- ^^ ^J ^ So Pan is faid to be Apctf Kvwmt, the Tutelar God of CjHexe. ^ ^^ -^:^ . And ^psHo in * Homer, r^^fcn.?!?/ <>J^cIoshv. The word is fimply j^g. putforGodin ^ Ariftephanes, ' t^ »r 9^7' cm, Thefeus, Alon, Hefjchus. Aripmachus the PhyfitiaO. ^^c" i^ , "'§, Cti/eui zndMefotiira, And many more (of whom fee ^ Mfi- ^ pjjj^'jj^ j^ urfiHs ) made of men, as SilkuUn ind tAirHfim that made p.s.l.r4. theftatucofsT^f/^*/. /'-^i^''- '^^"r- l.(-K23i'^nufa C A P. IV. T)t UHiiierv4y CerercKS- Troferfina^ 'Bacchoy Vc'ttere, EHnitm" titkus^IfecMtc^JufivneyPromet^ea.^^c. '■"■ '' iW 'wWWt r.:n:3fi'^ "^ ibInPanath. MlHtrva the cfpeclalld^itie of tht hthemnns , had the i lnVerrem.5. Feftivals called T^t^tathenaa , of which you may fully k Nennus ad read in ^ Meurfius. Next to her Ceres and ^referpnuy Whofe !^^^* '^^J^' . titcs /tf«^tf maxintls c^ oaHhijfimk cerc-nri(^A Siiinx i:f«w. Sfbragitides Njm.fhtHy p.i^o.I.jo.* after the Pf^-/'?^ overthrow. . CAP. V. THE y^/^f«i4»/ before their dorcseredcd ftatues which they called ^hiiOM^nhili, bccau(c they were expofed to c Vide Hcfy- ihe Sunnc. Neither had they thefe alone, but certaine others ^'^'""^ & Dio- facred to Afercnry^ named from Hermes Herm^e, MercHrUls. "/^ "„^ jj" The faftiion of them was divers. For firft they were not cia- niiftium. TOTW^oi, porreMo veretro, but made after to that forme by the Athemafttt who received it from the TeUfp, as ^ Herodsttts* j j^^ ^^.^ Neither did they want legs, untill the Athenians made them p.^s. '^ dnjukui, according to ' PaHfanioi, The manner was this, iy€ t in Atticis fAce »f Mercury fet upon a pi3ar offonre corners. The head on- p. »i.l.i4. iy and neck were (hapcn,and therefore it was called '''^^^'^-^ /Sar.s.v.ji. Hermt^i ^ Juvenal, 2{jlnijt CecropidesjrttMCo^fmUiimHi Herma, - Y,^e Ul -^ NhDo qtiifpe alia vincU Sfcriminey qttam quod an. in Dcm. JHi mar mor turn cdpnt efi^ tna vivit imago J p. 3 3 1. 5c G., For which rcafon iikcwife the Gw^/ name them « «>mctt(ria/,a kind of low (hoos which the kthenians called Ko^»7ra.ft«f,from >imf , duft, and 7r»f, the foof, becaufc thisy were neare the ground. M^ TnKct^iv tVx6^. I'Cii H;" =^;"~'' 74'Ay(i 70 7r^J\i faics ' Clemens Klexandrintis, But p. I y 2. more fure I am that they were pidurcd with them on their p.u. in (hipping of the Gods too much,yct under it thefe follies are 'l^'- P- -7- comprehended. Purification after fearful! dreanies, in ''AW- ^ '^^'^'J:^-^'** fiopAHes Sv«£«v i^)aJ^«p. In which fenfc {ome undcrftand -jj Pc^Vs '* Perjius. NoHemfluminfpir^are. Wearing of rings againlt witchcraft as a IpelJ, called ' c/k^r/^iaf (nafJMKtmt ' Spitting int© their bofomes thrice at the fight of a mid min , or one p'^g f ^' ^^* troubled with an Epilepfe. Of which alfo Theocritus ^ ^^^ ^^ ^'v^ tocontemne or fet little by, asthe ^Scho' /Antigonen. liaft of Sofhoclts on thefe words, tr-rumam c/ir^w. W-ifh- ing with water the head as often as beefhall goe into the ftrccts Kj^ jufaAwf A«<7a<&j,g TheoftjraftHf, Anointing of ftones, q^, ^^ diversitfecmcs firomthofe heaps facred to Af(frr«7, termed ^ ^^ ' 'B.»{^Kii. This hath bccne of old . Done indeed as a token of thankfolneffe by ^ jMob in Bethtl^ where he tookc the ftone ^ Gen. 18 18 that he put for bis pillows, and fet it up,and powred eyle OH the top of it in his journey toPsdan Ariafta fpeaking, that it is not lawiull for EuiUth^n '^ her to behold dying Hipfoljtus -.nay the ftanding upon a grave iKir! ' '" was a great reUgionj^CLaTa/ t/,»«^7"TFurthermorc obferving b h i{')fiii j^ o^ daies good & bad, of which ^ H€jlod,a>^Y\ uMTfiix^h^^ii g ^^i- M/^.. 7>^hthat one is a ftepdame,another a mother. ^Amazement at ePluc Pcrtcic j^jg gclipfe of the Sun, as aUo the '^ Moone ; not knowing S Plut Nici ^^^ reafon , why (he did lofe her light at that time , when , p.-'oz.i.zi. ' i[hc wasin herfuUIuftre. Buying of Medicines or enchan- ted ftones for the quicker delivery in child-birth, in 9yinfi«^ fhanesy dwnwn av»^.fii^o<. Of the vertue I fpeake nought, eLib.4.c.M. ' JBoemus relates that in ^^Wf^ in America the women eat an hearb when they are great with child which makes them to bring forth without paine.Joyn to this the fneczing over /Phif.Them. the right ftiouldcr,or the right fide, ^iHApf^c; U.J^ci^iav.Obkr- p.8 j.1.2 J . vatien of A/ochjuh'*?, or fudden ftorms, as the g Sch» of Arifia. ginAch.p. p^4»w interprets it, fnoWjhailc, or the like. "^ Cutting off h Pauf.Att p"^ ^^^^^ hairc,and facrificingitto rivers, as Ctf/>^//«x. Marking fo Pauf.Att. p. . „. , , , , « t , 5 s-l.s 1. Vide ^^^ ^igat of the owle, whence came the proverb, yK^^ Ji- liuft.inll.B, stttktt;, 7 he Owlchoth fled. Andyxax^^'i'a'm^ for good lucke, jArlftop.Vc. the Owlc being a token of vidory to the ^AtheHUtts, ^ ,1 ^«- ky'^u^' o-'^T^^ yhojJMi HK^i av\ji.{iohof v>T( AdUux/oLf kvoixi^in. They cno lus. ^^^^ accounting it fo fince the warre at S4Umis, where the Greeks feeing an Owle,took courage and beat the BarbAri* ans, Afpendix yaticana, kp ^xkm ' EuljJit mK))CeL^. Other madncffe of theirs was flee- / Ariftop. pp. ping in the ^ Temple of t^feuUpiHs^ who were ill at cafe, 44.^6.T. 4 J 8. fuppofing the dciry to give, or {hew them a remedy , ""for m petronjus. ^jjich in gratulation they were wont to offer him a cock.If V iElian. I miftake not. What ihall I lay of" putting him to death who w>fr.l. J.C. 17. fhould cut downe an Oake or an Holme ^fo Hex which in Greek is <3re/j'ic/>6i may be tiken,! thinke it an Holmc)in the HeroHm'jknd punifhing Atarbes capitally who being diftra- aed Jlte^Mg'M JMUi EJm.:z. C^.(lw ^^ ^ed" hac^ iTaitre a f^arroA^rfacrcd'. to *y£fcHl'apiMs- ? Thus far havff v/e gone. Let us proceed to their vaticinations or pro- phecyings. •.«,. of dreams, IS a refolution of thofe doubts which we conceive «nit'i-^. of things offiircd to our fancie in fleep , as that of Hecubd dreaming that (lie fhould bring forth a firebrand jand that oF ^toj[(i before the fall of her fcnne Xerxes, whom ftiec faw ftriving to yoke the ^<«r^<«r;<2« and^rfff/^^ woman , oneo-f which overthrew him. This the Ancients tearmed «!u'«i'i?i' Uhv, ty£fchylHSy aferibing much to the truth of them, fuppo- iing them to be fcnt from a Deitie— ^ >S 1" ovap he Aiii ^k ^ Homer. The skill in them is l^ hn^drc-v o? ;k,h ^Trtp ^'Jy?^, i'lU-'J. i. >^\«/cVaf TT «A;r>i£?e^-t n' 19 9Epr»^£j« ^ atwiS/iau. It WW formerly ftiled , f OIOKOI57KM , aric* tPicLvoicii Tn^i^ofjCt^SfJaj iU/'dpaw/r" o/tVv^OTt/iXiiwp) / AtiRidcf.T. which the mbde doth fuggeft to the opinion.lt is put for a- s-p- ^s. ny divination in Greek writers, but moft properly yprsoCTco^ro- mi s3,which ^Telegcnus'is related to have foand according to S ^onnus, 2y;;^«»«/, but according to ' Plime.Cttry whence it is called ^'^o'^'^'^' CarU, li-nwchfy looking into the Liver or entrails , like the TnIc hifl.l.r. hztines extij^icinm , obfervingthe colour of them, * ajCbt^ c.5 or ratbcr that which they caU the bead, "? " " '"" ' G Ovid, ]0 ArchxUogU Att':c.i Lth.i, C'i}.6, O vid^cxfum^^ caput reprritfir in extu. Q-j-nyJp, in marking thfl . pjameoftheiacrihce burnt, 3?\o>«to jDi',i«t-m,theTragoedian * t to ' ^^^^^ ihem,by which they could foretell events.More doubt- lefle had they wayes of witchcraft,as the other Greeks. Eva- /iO'jas when one fhall meet you carrying fuch or fuch things then this rhall befall yoa. c^f/c^;/*/ termes them IvoJi^a ct//^. f.'jAHi Sch.Ti^ k'^ o ■mv/rhif'i. See Scaliger in TibHllnm, on tbefe i la / a p <74 words 'Pner c triviis. The Scholialt of " Ari(iophafies on ^J/x- ^oKovlipiv, They made, quoth he, whom they met firft as it were tokens of good hap. Whence it may be came up the fa- i In Oi^. lutation, which ' Sophtcla calls c'j?p/x8 Wfw ofjv-n^.Q-, wiQi- Tyr.imtio. ing lack, as ;x«f,«j among theGreeks,and the Latincs ^Sfio bo' u Ovid. ?aft, ??/if Avibus vtfus (^c Stif/CoAoy is put likewife for fneefing, or the conj efturing at them. SterytHtdmentnm being accounted f Scb. Ariflop. a Deitie by the Romans,but facred to ' C^res^%z the Greeks, Io(?o.c«:ato. whence proceeded that Iac^o^^ which wee imitate in our 3.a9>//zu5ia, as that wherein the^f^iVf/fe ofEndor was experienced,out of the low- er parts of whofe belly the DiveU fpake. The firft that pra- £lifed this among the cAthenians was EuryoUs ; hence they who are poCTcffed with this fpirit of prophecy ing are called 'b In Vcip. EwfoxXH 3, SHrycIiu,MS the ^Sch^L oijirijtoph, who Cills this pag.5oi. art * Ey;tix^4«(t(w7«V> the divining pf EurjcUs* NewotWJiNtf, ilb 50i. whcr« after folcmn iicrifices they were wont to call up the foiile* Arcb^olcgU Att'tcd Lib.i. Cap, 6. 51 foules of the dcceafcd, demanding of them what afterward (hould befall. A$ ' fVierus. And no wonder, for they held ^D. mj<' s the fpirits of their parents and kindred for Gods, cjuibfisftt' L f.li.cj r. crificAbtint (faics 'Bod'tH) & tid quorum fepulchra ccwedebumjti Djemono- qMosfcripturainvehftisacdeteftanSy inqmt^ dr cot^edsrunt fa^ nia"!* ''^-cj* crificU mtrtHorum^Ko which they facrificed,and at vvhofe fe- pulchres they fcd,again('l whom the Scripture inveyghing & dctcfting fpcaketh, And they ate the oblations of the dead. Of this '^AriJlophaHes makes mention, and ^Homer'm his Odyps. ^ j^ ^^^^^ ^ Tbisisthatwhichmoftproperlyiscalled >!;'/«'* from ;j;;"^ 5tj.3. lamentation ^ by fVierus termed dira extcrationes, ' for with d Lib, a. great mourning they invocated y^y.97Bi«; -Muaxoi, wicked «^Jo'^. in gods for the accomplifhmcnt of their divelifh defignes. It ^'^^' may moft fitly have the name of IS^igra Magia, i forfo the /VivJeBcdiB. Wifards divide them into the blacke and white Magicke. M*>«ct, from whence the word Magicke is derived feems to havebeenc found by the s MediS2inJ'-'^3g''4. aakmg a circle they divided it into four and twenty parts, ^^'^'^' ^^^' G 1 ~ and rz AfchiZi^hgt£ AtticA Lib.i, Cdp.y. and on each part made a lettcr,and putting wheat upon the* letters they brought in a Cock , and obfcrTing from what- letters he tookc up the grain,thcy at lafl: joyned them toge- ther, and fo knew their fucceflors, husbandSj&c. ^■ntyaipon'^ T£(:«.,opening a book of Hcw^rjand by the firlt verfe that they lighted upon to divine, as that of the death of Socrates^ who fo foretold it , meeting with that verfe of Homer, which fpeakes of the arrivall of ^^^//^^x within three dayes at Thef' a VVfcr.dc ma- /««//. ^ Bt (iHomam pocnjataprovaticif)iis,(^c.'andbecaaie po- gisinf.1.2.^ ems were accounted prophecies , as Poets Prophets , they c.ij- were mod bufieinthem. Henceinpablique cauleshad the Romans recourfe to the SihylUne Oracles^^ the private Gre- cians to the verfesof Hc»?c» at this P3g-»f» time read forSoothfaying,was anciently cailedf^^nun mad- nefle. And yet that their cunning men had a kind of lottery, dlnHippol. is as clear as day, the ^Scholiaftof Euripides tellrfying;done P, 580. jf feemsin matters of qucflion,fo it^/Tfov Ji^^rwi may intimate i In Il.a, p. 6. as much as to undergoe triall. Prcdiftions there were, 'iaith Eufiath. out of fignes and wonders, as alfo of the rioife that leaves make when they are burned. To which (ome adde cCi^o^mTi'ia. or divination by the ayre , quoting for it Arifie*. phanes in Nubiktih \yhich I now remember not, CAR VII. ^e TtmplU (^ ^Jjlls. THeir Churches were of two forts; facred to their Gods ' in Greek, ^ss/V or h.^. And facred to their Demi-gods anoft properly ot>/.o( But the word is promifcuoufly ulcd by she Tragedian:^. C^fntm uiUxtrndrinm is of opinon that the "": '^^ ^ ■ " firft ArcLeoiog'uAtik'^.Zib.z, Cap.jl 5| firft otiginailof their Temples Was the ereding of an edifice to the honour of the dcceafed * n^i ^^o i-jyl^uu? oPouaCc-j^^i, ^ Vi^icp ij*,., ''^'^o? 3 '>'5«V^'V>-< > TBTtS7 7?aj 7u*ib; r£i; Sh/^i'i\n!i^>j'>ii- C-€Crops buried in the Acro^olu^ SriElhonitts in the Teinple xsi Minsr^ z'4, PoUm, thQ daughter of Ccleus in Eieufii^^ crr. They Vv'crc divided into tvyo parts, the facred and prophane, this calied 5^« cfei/^arweW the other \(Tuy>€afaubon tells usthat -sfeipfi^^. -'rj;^ was t^2t holy water fet at the dore of the Tcmple,v/irh ^^^^^"[J:"^?' which every one that enrred into the Teinple befprinhled ^'■"'^■' '* hi[riclfe, or was befpriiikled by thofe that (acrificed; of which in the next Chapter. But others have wriiten that it flood at the entrance ot ihtAdj/tunty in which it was not lawful! for any but the Prieftstocome.The <^Sc\:iO\.o'L So^bo' c In Ogfl, Ty- cles thus defcribes the Church. N-^^f, quoth hee, is the place iai;nwir. where the Altar ihnds.Si-^j the Altar on which they offered their oblations, T.y.v^^ where they placed the IdoU whick' ihey woifhippedj in ancient time a rudetable orttccky -mi c^a^i^ , *„;{, p <8i fj}s'ix(nYi9iois^TUiK{i{>ij-njii'. Cerjces , thc fame fignifies a cridcbut in facred funftions a Minifter,who (lew and offered the vil}im, ^ Anthenio the Comoedian afcribes much honour . . . to them, as if they had firft taught men toketh viduals, thc i.i^^"^^/,"' flefli of (hecp and oxen,while before they devoured each o- ' ' ther raw. They take their names firom ' Cerjix the fonnc of y -^^ ^ . Mercury and 'Pdndrofuj. But ^ C afatiffOHy W ^ KpJ'^ov©-. A ]„ infcnv.jy.* frdfiantiore parte pfufuru qH»d »bib4nt, Jtc dilii, Idemnam^ Pallucem.l.'s. <^ hojltM ms^AhdntfOd$Uk0Ht^i(^c, They in thc time of di- / ^" Athcn. vine rites craved thc (ilenceof the people in thefc words, ''''•^^-'^'-^ *£v9jip,eiTe.2/)aTO(sjw/ns^j' Be whift all yee people. Good words,forio^cu^7i^f»>»/, the cramem,^ * fame R McurfTuj E- ^^^^ with =1 i6P«f ii^ :)' wbtofntiatcdthenrwlio dcfirerf to Beisr If ufin. in crij\ admitted into the fo^ety of t]3efuperftitiouflyzcalou8(who after they were cntred , were not under a years compleat, " hln Stel.r, permitted to fee the Bible) ^ Schol. Naz^ l-.e^^n/^ c^' n i^ n.^j. /^<^5 ];-.?■««';'«!'. f^ierephanta ioczWcd from Im^jJvHv TV. Jif^ci, o- f L Mcirt- peningthe holy things. E/v/^ 5: IsfBp;^!. The learned Bidiop cf C'iiche'fifr! ^^-pon that place of Nazianfiene, notes that LMofes amon^ the IfrMlitei was an Hierofhantai (hewing unto them what they were to do in thofe facred bufinc{res.nu^95£.9'/,they wha- lighted the fire ot the Altar, wbofe office made them fafe in v/ar and danger. Hence of bloody fight we fay IH /rj^a/.o^, Ne ignifer /jHidem^th^xQ efcaped not he that ferved at'ft^* tar. liP^7ni-.i, Tile Priefts in the Great Myfieries , tenWsir* . T fli u number. N5a>co£?/ whom ^ Nicander calls C^^-koooi from ' v.oph? p.144. 7B'KAv^47ri(;;eir, to bee decent, becaule they kept the Temples cAriflop.Sc. cleaneandfwept themas Jiwin f J?«r»/)/^jfpeakes. Thelc P'^y- were the v^j-r^Kuzn, whofe charge it was to preferve that /T a.p.6ii. ^yj;^{cj;, ^ras found in the Church , and to fee that repaired ' I In politic, which went to ruine, faies g Ariftotle.Knd yet we read that the Tara/fti did fometime look to the mending of it. There being a law enafted that what they laid out ftiould be refto- /; In Plot p 7 1 red againe. I cp« ? in ^ Arijfophattes likewife termed c^'-^toKoi, i Cafaubin Thefc are the Priefts ever waiting on the Gods,' wbofe prai- 1 hcoph. pj^ jjjg ancients required at their facrifices,out of which they ^■Arift.p.48x.hada fee, ^ the trotters and skinnes, asthe ^ Cercjes the i Arift.p.ioii tongues. And indeed there was no neceffity.for there being tables in theirTemplcs,a5C««/^«^tf» teaches us,whcreon they might lay their obhtions (and perhaps fometimesdcpart}of which the Pri'eft according to bis ftomack did fhare. Well mW?\m:^.7i known to^ Ariji op. y^ho relates the like of thePrieffcoft/£/^ culapius. It was requisite to this funftion that they who un-" dertookit Ihould be found both wind and limb, they being. asked \. «>5\9? before their creation , whether they %eM whole in every member ; which ccremofiy t« halve becne i>fed among holy orders of latter daics is well known, their neighbours Anh^dogiA AttiCt Ltb.i, Cap c^. 57 neighbours wives bearing record , hics"^ ChriJtlaHHs-^ thit 4 in Aditopf^. they hivsnoitiken into their ioc'ittics^uidm.Htihm.'V here - < W'jre moreover fliee Priefts as the \!.!X7iKtK^'\n ''Demofl-htnery t a,^ • , and the Kii'nJje'/, whom in all things ^ ^Dionjfius Haficar- ,, , ^ '** »4]7 that they fhould be hixciT-j. <%pHa, chofen and feleded d Plat, p.<« ^p* i'^'^v , cwVxAttV t 9a icffi'a Tfct^Kovya^d'pof^v, c^i Hi r i^vov. It it WCre tO thC Heroes or Dcmi-gods, with his throat downwards. Then *Mne/». they flew him & skinned him,& cutting out the *huck fliin- bones and hanch,they covered them with fat, which is called Kfioj^ (hence the Gods of the heathen are deciphered by j In Siei. ' NazUn^tt, maj^ ^es^r'Uy re Joy cing in the fat^ to the end k EuQath.p. jjjjj jjjgy jnight burne all out in a great flame. ^ L-o >3 aaco/V * * ' eKoy.eMsa^liuou'Tii^ (Jt.ni^iKctjJk'Zfi'^ -KctTUifihi^iyTztt TTvei.. For thfi Grecians accounted it unluck^p if it did not fo confume,and thought that it was not xAvji^jn^'. upon the iiK? they caft IflQall pccces of flefh cut from every part of the bea{t,begin^ ning with the (houlder^whichis in Greek <^ju,©-)heHce this ? ioco Isad. is called wfw^HK The reafon EuJlHthiHs gives, ^ ©V c/iotfTv yj^ twj "ZTttAai?, oKoL K-w 7a fu^y\ Ti liftiv iiafr^SK.i that tfacy might Icem to confume all, which the t/fthmant did not , 6eing tiosswiandcd bylaw to carry fome of the facrifice home.By reafon Archdlogia Attica Lik 2* Cap.f). 'kcj reafon of whieh injiinftion,they did fo ftrain ciirtefie of tfceu godSjthat the illibcrall or nigardly fort of people would fcU that which was left , and fo make gaineof their devotion. where " CAft^nhsn notes, C'J^Am fere offerehAnt^ aut itftcflifia, ^1"^ A?£A<5i. r.Ht alifidHort magM reiperfape. They oftered the hanch bone f p[p ^^ orthcintralls, or f ome what of no great worth. Whereby entrails you arc to undtrftand the iplecne,the liver, and the heart, which Homer calls aoc-xdyyvcL^ for though the word t)c taken for the bowels, yet it fignifics the heart too, ii\ which ftnfc we fay ct'a33Aaj';^(^an?p, a pufillanimous man, & i^ccj^^^- yv^ a couragiouSjasthe^SchoUaft of .y^/jW/w teaches US.& 'I^Apceri fo aoA«T:y'©- 6A48fpthe bowels of compaflion.Thcfethe anci- ^^'^'^^^"■'" • cnts did divide among them at facrifice to feed ojn.and aftcr- wardi cut out thercfl to roft.Por whc they had finifhed iheii: d^vorions,thcy let the reins loofe to all manner of voluptu- oufncflc, gluttony, and drunkenneffe.For ofc-iimes they left nothing of their facrifice,e^e,cially when they oflfered to Ve-. fia, whence the proverb, E/s7ct ^Jetv, is to eat up all,likc the Roman Lari fucrifcare.To fay tt^t publickly they begun to Vefia were more then I could well prove; but that they did fo is plain.In their houfes they had Altars,and fo I fuppofcd once A(f)' Egjcii^f>;^^aji to be taken, but this was done in Lil^a" tninibus^n their drinke offerings,as he on '^ Ariflophanes. As d Vide p. j8». for their meat offerings it was required that they Ihould be "found and without blemi(li,whethcr it were an oxcQieep, » V. Je Polla- goat,fwinc,calfc:to facrifice they fimply termed sj-^^which *l'^'"' ^ our Latines have interpreted fitly, faceteJViTgA.cttmfActMfft ^^" ^^'col'**. vitu/a: Whofe poverty was fo greai; that he could not afford a fheep, or the like, they thought the Gods would be well plcifed if he offered vt/tf/^,which the Greeks call g9w\«^^T« p f. , . mealc, which by the richer was mingled with oylc and^^^o " wine, as the ^ Scholiall of c^ripph. The more wealthy in- h Pag^o i?D.* ftead of this did cafl: frankincenfeon the Altars.For thefacri- fices of 74^4tf the tithes were fet apart,as "Z)r»^/?/&r»f/. In .„ Ha '--^ their ''^S.378. ^o Arch^blogu Attic Ji Vth.i, Cap lo. *Scho]. Aril!, their oblations the e<«;«£;^ or cooks gave the i o part to the p,304, T^rjtunes. So a.h-^ct\'.o(Aja.,pat for ^s-U where the Gods cannot have their aliowance.Schol.(»^r//?<7^.on uAKardJTti To7iU.\uvivi:d»n^i, in refped to the Olympick games, ever kept in Gy^zo Epoch. ^\^Q O/ympic^aj^mts , ever kept in the* full Moone, which ^^]% Th- ^°"'^ not have happened, had they began the Tetraettm iiftccn'h day With a new Moonc. Nevertheleffe the Sunnc and Moonc dDeD. T(.3j. appearing i4daiesoddesina Tf/r^f^^r^j they made every T.i.p.A. eight yeure an inteijcdion of one Moneth r thatihistime being ended, the cc urfe might ftiilreturnethc fame.Thisall ^retee obferved, faies Petaz-'tts , by iht t^thmans termed ixurJitiA, by ihe pet^ple ot Etiss^iiOhfiad, Whatkindeof Lunary yo.c was in ufc among the Grsndfircs of Greece, is not 4rch£(fl9grjt Attk^ Lth^z, Crf^.ro. 6l not truly knownejby P^r*V/<^ delivered to be of D:?47.ev<:- a Edo^.d-r/. ry Month 29D:cxccptone,whichlike ouiFebiuary had but p.2zj.Vcr.r, 28 D; Every two years one Monctb was infcrtcd, once of ;.;ofsjif>t (o, 29 D: another time 0^28 D:But bccaufe in fvoyea-es this l","!,'*.,^"''*''*^ ^ mugnns annuf furpafled the Moon 1 5 D: rM^ Tetraetcrida ^"^ ^' ^'"*^* /far««r.This confilled of 3445 0:723 & 722 make 1445. So 'E^^h o'"t!yre many daies 354. foure times doubled b'ith , if you pleaie to tw 1 yeans ft- adjoyne 29. Of this fort'of calculation doth he underftand vr tiytnkm w.isc.il.'cJft'jf- thcyhadbut 2p. '' Ihtavws is other wife conceited , who c Elem.A/tro. takes the Schohaftof ^Wy?(?;?64»;rj in that fcnfe, as meaning ^ S.p.j.i>f/4o, T^i^&a Aad.p.jSo. But that the fragments were left out,the words are plaine, E:?! iJ rJ'-' TStBT^tV L.'tU'Oc/JjV jif'i^a? «tHa« , T C/t, .f P/t/.T^V ;^j »(^':£.af ;rfoJ'fik'. TbT« g '^.«' /"^^^ ^j^'^"''^ ©e/f T'-U' r "t^Kiv'a.'^v >'fj.i^(d"v gin An*i Di- I) /'»/ was produced to 75 Moneths 940. of P"'J°'^ ^°"g ' them 28. «f/bOA;«o< , ']? 5 Tv'^ff r 6/xCc»Ai(^^a? 'ofi'/fi?; e;^»)7a»7D, (jj3|jJ| hki Geminns, This was the progrcffe of their rcformatiori. H 3 ^ But 6i ArchdOlcgu AUica Lih»i. Cap.io. But wc mud look b etV a/jT^ ra c L3ertius in eHu^aJyov^i-Q-, becaufe that in the dayes of Tha/es Miltfitts, ' ''"^- who was the author of that term.the month had 30, and no i Pollux I. I. rnore^but ended:whence I fuppofe ** ci c* IJ'c Te^avta'cT^jfigni- fie the dead , the period of whofc life hath beene come to. Though Diogenian gives other rcafon*?. And by the way we muft not thinkc, that they had ao regard to the courfe of the e Petit. Ecd. ^^^^Q\'' fff^^'^ftenfit amtts jieret SeUrii.&c^ But neverthc- Chrcp 2 15. Icffe that the yeare might be correfpondcnt t« the Sun jthey put five'daies,calledeTO;^'/^i" epafted,tothe laft Month Scir- rophorion , for the fupplying oi the defeft. And fo the yearc had 3 65 D: which was the true and juft meafure. But hee might have added, fomctimes 3 66,by reafon of that 'which Cjewinus acknowledges the Greeks to have reckoned , al- though they accounted their Months but 30 D. This is that J In ^loffnu., MftftsimplicitMs, which ^ 4f^tMsli[\es fxifoLf kvia/jT^y. Toihis p,78. point the Greeke Authors , telling the years by feed time. gin AntigoT). e Scphocles-'Eihof^S^j^v A^TfOiviTiittdT©-. For the ancients, P'* ' 5- faies ^ TheoHttook the yearc three waies, either by the Sun, p 48 "^"™ ^^ fcafonsias fpring, fummcr, autumncwintcr, » ( Sophocles, i IaO;dipo ^^^f®-^{ ApHrn^yiuu'Mtii XC?^'^^ XHf/afiyii/ii-) or thirdly » Tyran. p.i8 ^ . by the Moonj wbofe irregularity Selon is reported by ^ Pitt* k In vita pag. tarch firft to have marked. Obferving therefore that fhe bn f pi'*' ^*h ^^^ ^^^ overtooke and furpafled the Sun, '^ ewno'iai'^i ?ijKXTUKa.focjua'y. Aaj(ric{. TloiriJiwr, lliViKoi. TcLfjiinKiafi A^of. Ard-i^eio)". Roman, A-Iacedon, Hehe\^, ^gjpt Jctfisa!ei&^. AiyPTLi^Uti. S.ctCaf. IvCl. $ausvtt.'9, A're'.hhi3(. Kelci. IcbC- 'tSf/XB-^/. Ma.' lit. Tauesi- ^Fi^etcy! UcLaV' liyiof. AieTi/wflf. ©ttWjf. tlaun. ItfAiof. Ka j/j'iof. AB'. ET(fU Ai'fufcu. Aivy. B'a\. M - aifti- Arch^toUgU AtticA Lih.i\ Cdp.io, 65 Noc^^atof. 2x.0f7ri9f. Xax.i$', A^sl, Mot. Oni'ytfM»'r» \ In which table although B€cate»t^40» be compared to the fftliatt Moneth fittttt4rjf,yet it appears not that Hecatomitton was ever fo removed out of his place, as' Tmf«j will have « EcFoa.Chr. it, jE;>//>64m>K/ contradiding, of which by and by. Indeed P--' 4* v/hcn the Chriftians in honour of their Eafter began the y care in April, they called April Heccneji'iv* nesmS.n.S. Horn that. TdL/jLtt^iar. 0(tflyn?^iayl 2>wppo(po6<£vV. ' MiUyeiJvicj'T. * Certaine it is that the fame Attkk^Uj^tths are fometimes ^ vide pew. Lunary, and fomctimes not,butof 30 D: or Jfflian; When in Epiphan. * they are Lunary they have no iurelcat , but are now at thi&p.ijS. timcytben at another. And this bath been the reafon why the fame Months bavc oot been futed to the jHii4ff, by writers. I Vl^utf* i Pag. a J. eltiOlynth.j. d Pag 148. e Pag. 140. /■pag.167. gPi-J.liO. 6 Pag. 1^7. iEclog. l.i.c.6.p.iij. i^Vide Petav. la Epifhan. ^^ Ar'chddogU Attic t Lib, 2. Cap.iQ, Vlptirt on *Dem$fihenes parallels Becatombaon to * fanuAry, and in the Oration for Cte/iph»»,io Alarchy^nd againeto''-(5 oovv cu A/oyyfl'A',<:'i h-Tjjliti, Kcpt in memr U' of 7 *0rAOH *^^ ^^^"^" oiJhcfcm out of Cm-.*, after he had ' flainetlie ^'l'/rff<7frf»r?. ^P/^^rtj-r^j. Thcfolcmm-^ y„ ;, 8 Ek^^ " tie !> Ofi^ k^tr^s to dercribf*. iV«.'7«T EreUhldis o M Jamo i^.^ ' p ^j»4^Sf fertttrcehbratioriHo lliftxifedie.f.o^c, the eirrhc ' "^ ^'^I-m?'' day of every Month was lacrcd to him.He had ^"'^ ''^"^ '^i- allb a feftivall called r/;f/fr4,in honour of ga- ' S'-"";^';- f^^m thcring together the difpcrfed people of Atlicx Trluui^^ 10 71 ^C^r,i f^tibvl^ . C i'3g.4..;($. 1 1 A(£Tf'£_«. K T P I A F K I< A H S I A. A. cr.-tk TitriOo 12 TPiTH. KPovTA. Of thcfe, as alfo oftbeday, fpeakcs '^"^^"^• 1 5 Tt7«>T7 V * DffKojlher.cs. Then did tf.e Mafcers wait on J,;,^ ^."rob' 14 7r4//.5^)). their (ervantSi asinthe Roman Satumalls. SarnrlV^/.* 15 * Ex.77?. ^-L.Accius.Maximafars Graium Saturno, c^ v rftisfinem.* I^ 'ECJl'uK' maxime f^the»£ Conf.cittnt facra , (jm£ Cronsa * Then v\ :rc 17 0>^'>i. 9^e iterantMr ab iHis , Cum^^diemcelebrAxit, -per '^'^''■. 1 8 Ef^'tt;. *^r5/, wr^^r/^ /Jrr']o<. "krPIA EKKAHSl A.B. Hcnce was §-3rion.Plut. 21 Erd:7jf. this Moneth called by the ancient 4^r/7?w^;»/, P-^-'-?- .'^y 2» 0>/e'fl. Ke?V/^i afterward Hecatomhcon y from „I",^J^ '^/"' 25 E^c/^'un. ic^T^y-feo"** lacnhccs to fupuerov^yfpollo , as Anflop pjo. ^4 Ex.r,>. fome ihinke with the bloud of an hundred 700.Plut.in1- ■*5 TTiy-iHn, beafts:For fo were they profufe in their facri- no Them. ^^ TtTBfTjf. ^ctS.'^ Ovid,T^urorHmfAngHine centum. ^••I*- 27*TpiTH nANAOHNAlA. The Scholiaft of Homer 'fj^'l^lf^l *8 ^dj-ni^' fay cs that i/fC4t«w^tf may be ufed for five and" ^9 F,;), i^ vU. twenty beads, whofe feet make up the num- ber ofan hundred I ^t» t^ ii>j.v.rCd,(naVj i o^r e; e^MftmfTi- * To (MiftervM the proteftreffe of their city, as hath been before faid, inftitutcd by r^^/lfw, as § f/*;4rr^.>^a«ra5W«* _ . ^% Archd^ffgu Attics Lib.i, C4p, i o . *vo-irtV€7rD<»itfi»t8ivt(/>'. At firft they had the name muJoiot, by ^rMonittSi or Orpheus, In the time of folcmnization there were rare fliews exhibited to the people , facb as horfe ra- ces, wreftling, dancing in armour, called n-j p'^iKfi, from Fjrm thus that invented itjThen carrying in proccflion thePeplfts, or robe, in which was wrought the fight oi the Gyants. All ji Tn FanathC' which ycu may read in * MeurJiHs at large,and ""AriflofhAnes t\x\s. hisScholiafl* tPag.140 The (econd of this Meneth is called7«iTO, becaufe it hath 197.180.1 81. jjjj^ 29 daies, and fo alwaies in c4t/«. 467.580650. . ^ * Meta^itnioH. Auguft. From the facrifices of tyfpoUoi called RU-m/Hrna. iKtpiaekkah21A. r. 1 3 4 KT PI A EKKAH2IA, A. 5 6 7 nPTTANriA AETTEP.A. 8 , 9 10 II 14 15 34 35 16 17 KTPIA EKKAHSZA. A. 28 d» Jrcifd9l0gU Aftfu li^.%. C4/,io. 69 25 j6 Kr pi a ekkahsI'A. fi. 29 * From this ■* 'Boedromton. September. montth cnme J tlie feails Bo' a NiKH EN nAATAiAij. When P4«/'««/^ and ^ripdcs'Tttfi!^o!cT 5 overthrew Mdrdenius, Xerxes his Generall ncare P/^^^f^e, iluowmg ihe 4 a citic of Bteftia^ ' Herodotus^ ** fuflin, Am.izons. 5 NiKH ENMApA0£iNi. OHi/ttades leader of the y^//»V)^ Plucp.i.or 6 KTPIA EKKAH2IA. r. forces got the upper hand ofjjeilfe^s 7 itiz "Perjians, In which battell aga.aiUa-" 8 when Cyftagirus purfued the mipm. bc«- 9 KtPIA EKKAH2IA; A. flying coemics t6 their (hips, 3?o/^hV to aid !• he canght bold of one with his ,^^l'^•"^^"' "^" right hand, which loft, he made ^ I JeVcr'/ 1 1 ♦Oiiy/sv'e:* Ic-Kiv^ieiti. ufe of his left; that cut off, hec in Ariftophan. token of his proweffe fparcd not ^'^^j^ "titt^, 5 a his teeth , to the eternizing of his name for valour a- f^^ciao.^ 12 eainft his enemies. ^^TxaAn^. ,4*ArTPMOSMT2THPIA. ^^"' 15 * In thankfiilncffe for the delivery of Greece, at what help came in. iSb time*Dariusind his Fleet went homeward. ^ Ariftidet • Callionp. 17 defcribcs the joy at foil , and the crcfting of an Altar f^'^-^^^-i- 18 to 7*;,V that freed them. i.^TcVlu^' . 19 *The greater in which they were made " (7^'^^, or inAriflidp.* ao admittedtotbeHghtofthatthey wordiipped.Thefirft 24i> ai day was called *>vf^V, perhaps from the coaflux of the f ^ch. Arinop. ' " ' I 5 pcoplc?'&M7. II.reyookoM^^ *ijj>op.ti6, and 2i«-.i27.Ii8! *i^ Aaju-TaJbct'ct/^^f. The fixt BaccHs Was Carried in pomp, ij i.i?j. zi7. Hence is it termed ia>ix®"-Thc 7 day they exercife in feats zSi.ib^. 516. oFaftivity &he that overcame had wheat given bim.The 8 '' ^'^'^I'rT' ^' ^^*^ Epidaftria froin c/£fcHlapius his comming from Epldau* AuUin Px^'- ''''•^ ^° ^/Atf»/ to bee initiated. In the ninth they filled two wcp p. 10. meafures of cornc, and fetting one at Ealt and the other at Weft , they powrcd them out , one looking to heaven and crying iliy the other to the ground,faying, -ny^i. Thus Meur* pf*s. That day was tta »t«;;^'i?. The fecond of this Moneth was left out ever, faies « 7*/«- tarchy inftead of which fomc are pcrfwaded, the name only was omittcd,as r{\dfTi\ for TeiViswhich was recompencedjby . ih t i 1 &'■ 2 ktpia ekkahsia. b. 3 4 5 ArchAolcgia Attkd Lih,2. Cap. i o . 71 6 7 nrANE^lA. ^^-^'" ^^*' Tkcfeus had buried his fsthcr, he paid the Vow made at 'Z)^/(?/,ro wir, if 8 he returned kfc from the death of the AlimtMtre , hce 9 wouldfacrificcuntohimapotoffodden beans. Hence 10 Tn/cvs-^a* as it were ;ci«,«4'J.8 KTPIA E,KKAHS1A. A.T.hefitftw«^,,„'a.Thefc- 3p cond Avapfue-ti. The third, KK?«wnf. The fourth, EnlCicf.. ift If A A Tf m A I" honour to Minerva, c MeHrfms tea- c Grrccia Fc- 3o,> A AK Bi A. rhesus that they were celebrated the 17 via.l.i. oi .this MoBcth » but f f rrV*^ hath thus placed tbem» »r4 to be fanuary, - lePagma xS. 11 : > . la -•! ' 13 KTPIA EKKAH2IA. B. 14 15 • 1 5 A\«'ot . A fcaft to Certs. The day doubtfuH. ^'Pcmjfm* d Pag 74^ 17 18 30 ai 22 ^^ aj KTPIA EKKAH2IA. r. ^ AHlne»lo^i4 Aitk£ Ziki, C4f,io» 25 26 KrriA EKKAHSI A. A. 38 2p nPYTANElA. 2T. GamelisH, Januaryo 1 From the marriages firft made by Cetrofs , of whottj ise- 2 fore wc have fpoken,3nd more you may read in Tzett^ 3 on Ljcofhron, That monerh wherein this people coup* 4 led, hence is called Gamelifn, from TaixQ-^tiuptU, It is f»- 5 cred to Jffno,v/ho by the Poets is called PrenMba and C(?«- ^ j**g^^"9 Prelident of weddings and the marriage bedo 7 p K T PI A E K K A H S I A. A. 10 *!•', ',ia: 13 14 15 i^ 17 18 KTPlA>ltKABSlA*Jlt 19 20 31 22 2J . ^ • ::. as ^7 28 KTPIA EKKAHSIA. r. ♦? Antheflerlsn, Pebruary. \ I ! 3 KTPIA EKKi\H2IA. A. 5 4 5 n P T T A N E I A. ,7. 6 1 ; 9 10 II AN0ESTHPIA.' ^"^^P^^" great mirth for three dales in Of this you " ' thehonourGf-ff^ ^"^ 17 from %«/Su From this feftivall the moncth is named, /^^J-'^'^J^ 1 8 The twelfth of which 1>««;/4 in Zw«Ar were kept^ ^ '"* ip called /iztjaAoL & A'^ym II I 14 1 aComw Of thcfc ^ t/£fchHiit tnakcS' Qcfiphoni. 16 AiorwVtet 7«.H«T ay:;., mention » and you fliaU have 17 thcBJ obvious CYcry where in iS the Greek AuthorSo 19 20 Ktpia EKKAHSiA. A.^ 21 «4 25 3^ ap KYPIA E.KKAHSIA. B. 4rch4$U§jtd Attiu £^«i. C^/,i«, 77 Mmtjfthunt* Apdl» I 2 ? 4 y 1 % 9 10 K-'PIA EKKAHSIA. r. II 12 Ig kypia ekkahsia. a. 14 ,^ .. r - ... Mtdmfna were observed ^ '^ toU><74.irmen.& 10 this^ ufhftophMHcs and « Eufi^uhm, ^^"'•'- '• ai ^4 ^^ 26 KtPIA 1KTCAH2IA.A. 27 98 K J Th4r£'Ai*. To ^/jf«»7tt & ?>a;f««xo/j^ ^r//f«'//&4w/. 14 ; •■ 15; KtPIA EKKAHSIA.r. 16 - 20 BENAIAEIA. T^^^'-^^^* who b>f the ri&>-4«^^ is named B^vHNAiA MIKPA. g^' >"ch different from the greater. ScGMtHr/ms, 11 KAAATNTHPIA. nPTTANEIA. I. . ^A-v^NTTunTA T'^^^V^J places it on the 14 day, o- 24 nAiNTHPiA. therswUlhaveittheaj. Tocif^Wr. 1 5 z^rfjon which they take pffthfi oxmroents of ^cr ftaf uc| p3<, ^^ *n^ wafli it I fuppofc, « Tlf^arck, * Xenofkon, - - p.257. 28 2p Scirrofho^in, 5 6 9 4rch4&le^}4 At tic A Lik 3 . Cap.i^, jp Surrtphfritn,. ^^xaa* 12 sKaPA. Which her Priefts did Walkc in pomp at that 13 time: er from the ftatuc of i^wrrt/4 found in Scirus, it^Bor^ONlA ^^^ ^^^ "°^ lawfull anciently to kill an 7ij."^ '^ ■" ' Oxer wherefore when one had llalri that i6 beaft eating the mealc provided for the facrifice , hee 27 flew him and fled , in memory of which this day was 1 8 kept. Afterward they did mitigate the Law,and g i ve rp licence to butcher an Oxc, fo that hee wasnot for the 20 plough. To which ^Jftvc»al tazy allude. Vt vetulus bos b Saryr, \q, ^^i d«mini cnltris tenue ^' v.i6S, 21 KtPIA EKKAH2IA. r. miferahile collnm Pr^het^ /ib 1 2 fnvitff jam faftidittts dratrf, 24 KtPIAEKKAHSIA. A. 38 Whtre Petitui makes the foure firft Tribes to* governe » y^jj^g^ ^^ , 19 cachhisday, en thofe foure that abounded above the I. r.c. 3. * 50 yeare, * Si£onituiQtttti to agree , and * MMHjfscHf ap- * In Notis ad proves ^^fp^'ffa. go Architilogid Aukd Lih.2, Cap.ii, '♦DeDoa. proves it. Neither is it mifliked by * Petavlus, * Seaiiger Tcm.l. Z.C.I, jiatj^ falfely taught UB otherwife, whomakes each Prjtancia *^De cmcnJ. ^ j ^ daies, which none ever arc to have done, except ttic firft foure. CAP. XI. 1 T is taken for grant among ihe Ancients,that f^omery\fho « y id.Ofi. I jJYg(^ a ao- ycares before Chrift, was the firft that taueht Epoch Mar. Tf^.-^iyS^ y^.y.i'jXo IpeaK in TragcediejComprehendinggrcat Arund.p.97. and weighty matters in few words and very concifely,being b Hermog.dc morc large and ufing circumlocution in matters of leffe con- Eloq.Mech.p. fequence , which Bcrmogents acknowledges to be the pro- \\^\\y'hl^ll P^^^y °^ ^ Tragoedian.This foundation being laid,following ad Iliad. ' 2ges ftiU built(though rudely)a ftruiflure to (mall perfedion. c Traft dc '^{Am pefi iUms tale tantttm^ docHmentum,x^c. faies 'Donat» Tr32.& Co- for after that Homerhy the Iliads bad reprefented a Tragoe- moej. pr.-Dfar. djg^by thsOdjfJfes a Comcedic,moft ingenious imitators took crcmio. ^^^^^ Poems and fct them in order,and divided them, which at that time were inconfideratly,& without judgement wr^-j ten, impoh(hr,snd in the firft rudiments not fo neat 8c ttim^ as in procefle of time they were made.For Poefic was a great while in her minoritie., and very rude, after the firft publifti- et Marmo A- ing of plaies.For we fee little or nothing of'^4$'/^y4Woi*,the firft. rur\dcl & .id Comae dian, worth our timeifome few verfes only)& fo few p. xF^ri frtY ^^ ^^y ^"^ witneffc fuch an Aathour. The original! of thfi Ariitophan. wordComocdy is fuppofed to be taken from divers reafons: €?/J Kvu:-iS. Virft, becaufe in their revelling, kept in honour to Bacchus, they fung'thcm^and fo it may be derived itomidS'yi.^^.commef' SJi.in Naz. f^ti't ' y-c^f-'^'C^vy fignifying/xj? ag^j aJ^paTi-^J^fi to fing bafely Sici.c.p.io^. at the cup. Secondly,from;clieaifanr. Thele -verles b Idem ibi i. were fitft fung'-in the green meadovvs,<^about the be^^^inning c la CynnpG of the Tpring ] Whew the husbandmen kept the feftivalis ot ^"=^ Ariftop. Eacchpts the God of Wine,to whom they facrificed a Goat, ^'^•^ S'^"^*- becaufe his biting is jn enemy to the \ine,the skin cf which they took and (owed up dole, filled with wine, and anoin- ted it with oylc to make it llippcry.and (o hopped with one Icguponic, making themfelves laughter atthc talis they of- ten tookc. This fport they call AsmKuf/^nv from etV/to< a skin and *Me&BU, to Ici.p'^ j(riJl-0phattes,A.H-t,a fcandall or reproach, ^^e/f, Aoi/etia-Whence likc-.^"^"^'^»'^-*P' wife came the Greek proverb, '^ at e^ duA^m ^^)h'", tanefttAnt j\^'^^^ ex pUffJtro lequi , and ' wStuuon(,Horiice"P€runnifa:cihtis ora. Sometimes ^Ulpian. la would they put on vitards," which leaft they (hould hurt the l>«"^-P » J4- head, were defended from the skin with a woilen cap, na- med 7rtK'i7ie^yji-idi, SophscL's his Te/T^Q^uv/o f, a word put for an obfcure& bale fellow in' ^€r;',bring in many new things,(nch as leaving out the a(5lion of the Poet(for before the Poet himlelf adted) by reafon of the badneffe of his owne voice; hee found out white {hoocs,which the Aftors andDancers worejhemadc the number of Dancers fiftcen,bef ore bat twclvej he fitted like wife his Tragoedies to the natures of the Adors,&c.but that he invented /^^>«r£i(r/x.H.^. /«^ ^«»«^ ^^cnobius fudicibHs /tsefi.Tht '^Scholiaft of Arifiophanes fpeaks tome- ^ aj Aves'p. whatuncertainc. Judges, quoth be, paflecenfures upon the 56a. Comcediaii5,& they who had five voices were happy.Tfaole were all. For if there bad been ten of them too , it would have made nothing to the Poets felicity to have bad cquall voices. For the odde gave a great ftroake.Hence wiQics the Chorus in the behalfeof the Poet-Eri >te<1iJi'/xaj' ^woVor^ to be viftor by one voice only. Another difference is that, whereas the Tragick Judges had free liberty of fuftrages be- yond the power ofthcpcoplc,thcComick had not-.Forwhc ArtficfhMnes taught his Ni<^iKeu,thcy fo much took the peo- ple, that they epplauded the Poet cried him up Conqueror, faies ' v/£/f4n,znd commanded the Judges to write Ariff^a- « Var.H.l.z. }h4nts uppcrmoft (%% the ^»(hion was,) which [ t^ripphA- / Avib p.552. 88 Arr.hd&lcgU Attic d Liki. Cap.ii» ftes cals ves^^^^%eiv l? 7rirttKt'<3if,thc m oft excellent firfl;,the next tohimfecond, and next to him third ( which was no fmall praife, according to that of J^intilia»,is I remember, H*- nefium eft in fecnndis tertilfve confijtere ) andno other. For which caufe I fuppofe the Poets foefore reciting, were wont to facrifice , and pray for the favour of the Judges and Tpe- tf Loco laud. 6:atours. ^ Ariftofhan. Koj^ 7z7i ^iaT^t? OTiTj— Where the Schoiiaft interprets "oy^vtM truly as it is to be undcrftood,«^;(w«j'y;<«/» *tgrii, or Lerniti, in the moneth Toftdgoft ^on the tAnthefteri4, or ^ioHjfta in Lmni^^in the moneth Anthefterion^on Dionj* fn in uri>e in the^noneth El4ifhebolion,xo which I find added / Platonc pag. the Paf^atfnnot^by Thrafyltts in '^ Z4?>*f i/i. ric.iU p]ay,the three other now trtating of the fortunes of o\'\-fixmen,inTragcediesfif:y,un{illthccime ofcy£/chy/MS h\s Ei4V9emdes, the number of which fo terrifi- ed the people,<^that the children and younger fort fainted & ^ Author vicjc the.women{uffsredabortion;for which reafon.faies Polluxy ^trchyli. the number was lelTened (which fome deny) by law. They were by thit Ad broaght to fifte8n,five;«g<«.- 1 fay i^'^^.bc- caufe they were divided into r5ixi^<;and {vyi z^^.. was when tile Chorns entred by thrce,and then it was called :'^,when they came on the ftage in rank five at a time; and this they termc xj^ $o/;^^«,' Somerirae one of them entered alone, which they (ay /j(.9' Ita.Of intcrlocucors' the ancients for the ttiofV part ncver'had above three;bDt if i fdurth fpakcj that they named '^yjf'^^m^^^^ if the pjtrns fupplitfd thie part of a fourth aftor, it wai ftilcd>«e?KaWior. To fpeak of the fcverall veifcs of Tragoedics, is 4ittnm ^gere: i M and po Archdohgi/i Attic £ Lih.i, CdpAi* and I had rather fpcak of the acflion, then the art in compo- fing Sc yet not rruch.only this of their motions,termcd q>o(fa2 and nMTigpai^aJ s^^^fw/aiesthe Scholiaft of Pindar ^ is a turning from the right hand to the left, in analogic to the motion of theuniverfe -fk ^:y7o<,from the Eafl: to the Weftjfcecaufc Ho- mer calls the Eaft the right hand,the Weft the left:contrary to the HebrewF,who terme the South /*«w/»,wbich Tgnifies the right hand, and the North they counted the left, a^s^o? » wasa turning from the Weft to the Eafl:, that is from the left hand to the right, as the Planets move. Another pofture they hadintheir£/'^^/,for(ifit be fo in Tragoedics,as inLy- tick Mufick, which I bcleeve)to exprefTc the immobility of the earth thsy ftood ftill. They ufed Bpdes for the moft part at the end of the Arts, when the players avoided the ftage. Thus much of Tragcedies; the authors of which were highly of old cfteemed ofj infomuch as after the difmall dilcomfeit « PlutJn fine of xW Athenians in Sici/ie,theY were relic ved,who could re- TpiuVin vh' P^^' fomewhat oi Es*ri fides. Nay.by a law made hy^Lycnr- I Rcfp* Pauf.' ^«^ '^ nd eft ablilhed in Athens ^^yEfchilns, Sophoc/es, znd Euri- Atticii p. 1 8. P^i had ftatues ercfted in braffe for the continuation of their rfD t T> '"^"^^''y- After Tragcedies had proceeded to perfeaion, enca." ""' ^^^^^^'^^^ were with great applaufe taught, as ' HertKc, Succejfit vet us his Confecdia, nonJinemnita Laude-' He (Aks,vetus ComoediA,beCiuk a Comcedy was divided in- to three, or if you plcafc fo tofpeak, two forts, the Old and * Gramnnr. Ncw- I faid thrcc forts,becau{c *;he old was diflferent from )* zztKojict: i- it fclfc.Tfie meaning is,that the old ComGedy,of which Sm- ^^v:(ti p jfJ. — Sed in vitium libertM exriditj cfr vim ^ignam lege regi. Lex eft accept a, C^ornjj Tnrpiter obticnit fubUto jure nocendi. But when Alexander ok Macedon grew potent and a terror to Greece ^ the Poets fearing left any of their abufive wit might difpleale the great Macedonian ^\i!city changed the A.r- guinent of their plaies.and infleed of abudng ftat es & people they fell upon ancient Pocts,or fomepart of Hiftory not tru- ly writtcn,perfonating the Adors fo a3 to be moft ridiculous: Tometimes fcoffine on the ftase at mean men, and this they , ^^ termed N. at K»/x^Jm, the new Comoedy. Butattetwardit „^rj!i„r3j was a piece of the Athenian policie to forbid that the people cmncs homi- fhould be toffcd on the ftage.unleffe they would themfclvef, "« qui mrdi- faics'A!V«<>/)^fl«;knowing that none were wont to be brought ^^^^''^^sfo'"''^- thither but the wealthier fort, ttak^/©-, '>fyi/otr©-, ^^va'fj^^s-. ^'VF'^'^^'^' Some are of opinion that no Player came on the ftage untill ^ ^^' thirty or fortyjl difpute not the mattcr,for fure I am that So' fhecles tanght his firft Tracceiy at twenty eight, in which doubileffe bimfelfe came on the ftage. It being among the AtbenidMs no difgrace,as the Romans accounted it,to appeare there. ^ c/£iniliHs Probus. Infcenam vera prodire, dr populo , . ejfeft^eCidCHlonemini in eifdem gentibns {GricU) fftijfe turpitft' ^, **"f'°"c dim: ^M* omnia apudnospartim inf4imia,parttmhumili4y at ^ ^ \ tab hoveftdte rem^ta, ponuntur. The place where the people beheld thefe plaies and paftimes was in the market place, ' where thcynaylcd fcaffolds to a black poplar tree. For in , MeurCAtuc. Ma ' ancient Ltai.c,«lt. a Thrfmoph . p.787. b Cafa 0^,10 Theoph p, -4?. (Zenobius. ^3 ArehAologiA Attic d Lih.i, C^p.ii» ancient time they had no Theater of (lone , only of wood, which they call Uela.,' Arifisftban. -■Am T^'ltp'tav Thefe were built by fome, who upon (ome confideration of n>oney admitted any to a (eat, named therefore '' @ict7faraj. Once it fecms places were not hired. But there grew great enormities and abufcs. For ftriving to get pi ices, there rofe wrangling and brawls, and fights; wherefore the yf«ki^ Se- nate ordained that each place fhould be hired for two o^eli Cinthe Confuliliip of i>iophajttfis , zT)rachmt ^ fay fome, whence rofe the Proverb, ^ J^pjr.x'j^y ^h^^u-^ bccaufe at the eflabliiliing of it, there fell haile.) This money they called Sts>s«cp.^" .becaufe with it they AidSiiivd-^^i^Hf^^wy afeat to behold the (hew exhibited. Now becaufe the poor people had no*:togive,&fo were deprived of the fpedacle; fericles defiring to be popular, made a law that they (liould receive out of the Cities revenues two oboU each man.''For the right of cxading which mony ,they were to produce the authority of the LexUrckkAll RoUes , as appears out of *Z)?- mofihems. For the diftribution of this were certain officers appointed, named &i ^ ^twe/x-d?. But afterwards Apollodorus drove that in warre and publicke neceflity , thefe fummes raight be imployed in military affaires, but he endeavoured in vaine; EhIjhIhs in flattery to the people ,enading it capi- tallforany that Qiould attempt that which Apollodorus did; which makes '^Vewojthenes defill, willing, yet not daring to perfwade to convt rt the money to the ule of the Army. Bat fee the folly of them I ^ For they fpcnt as much on thefe (ports as jn obtaining the Maftery and liberty of t?rw^. And the end wasmiffirable : for they became effceminate,and fo gJ.jb:6,Bie. put their necks under the U^cedonUn yoake.^ Jnfiin of the d^iXhoiE^AminondM, Slqmdemamijfe, quetu tmulari eonftt* ever ant y infcgnitHtn tcrporem^ refointi, non utolimincUfem vxmit^fif , ffd in di»fifies , afp4r4tttf^ luderHm , red^tus d Com. Lco- chj.p.6i7.n. ■ 3.SI. f Oynih. I,. D.7- flacon rpud PliuMor.p. Archdolog'tx Attkd LiO.i. Cap.ix. 9j p/tyiices effundunt : (^ cum auCloribHS nobil'fjfimis^ P'^^^^fjs ^''^'* Mtra celfhrant, jreqtientius fcenam, quam caflra vifentes. Verfi- ^catores Or at or ef^^ meliores, qnam duces laudantes. Tunc vc- Qigtil fuhlicuw, tjHO Ante milites c^ temigcs aUbantury cum ur- hano ptpttlo dividi coeptum efl, minibus rebtts effeHum tfl , ut Inter etto Gracorum , fordidum c^ ob/curum antea MAcedmum nomenemergerety C^c, Of the Theater I will fay little, as al- fo of cheftage:Only that the places in the Theater were not promifcuous. For there was a diftinftion between the Ss- natouis and younger fort. The Senatours wasnamed^/S^Adt??- a Ar-ftoph.p. xov among5whicb it is probable thejudges had the firft place, 578. zs Pollux. The feats for the youth were called E^n&tKof. One ■ j^^^ ^ part of the ftage was Orchefira, in which was Gy^eAw, either p.ioi* " ^ a Tribunall or an Altar. That upon all their ftages there was an Altar facred to Bacchus, is apparant out of D^»<»^.he (aies it ftood on one fide of the ftage, before the doores, 'Pollux: who names it AA/W«- 7»fi^only for inftitution of youth and praife of their Gods, fungthe commendation of good men, and honour of their Deities in Temples. M 3 LI B. ^4 Atddfilcgid Auk A Lib."^* Cdp.h LIBER TERTIVS. aLib.z.p.27. fcArift^Plut. pip.67. tin Thefco p.8.\a. d Problem. CAP. 1. S * Jttfiin hath been too forward in relating the mutation of the Athenian government, paiSing by the pcrpetuall and decennalCon- fuls,. and naming only the yearly : fobach he erred in the originall of their Laws, ma- king Solon the father of them. But it feems othetwife. For, as ^ Gerardus hath obler vcd. The feus gave Lawes to the Athenians. And "= Tlntarch witneffeth, that when he congregated the >fmVi(^ people, and conftituted a Democracies he teferved only to himfeU the government of war and cuftodie of the Lawes. o%M>Kfa.7iav {xs^mav) Ww fxovQv ai-^yoiv TToAsjaa 3^ vo^mv fvAetKi ^ivxuj^bxi. Addc tO thiS > that before the knowledge of letters & writing/it was a ca- fteme among the ancients tofing theirLaws,left they might forget them.ufed in the daics of '^ Arifiotle by the Agathyr^, a people neare to the Scythians, Whence afterwards the rule$ Archddkgis Atiicd Zik^, Cap A, y) rules of Mufickjfor the true keeping of tiir,e,ringing,^ play- ing , are fuppofcd to bee called Kouai. Neither may it bee thought otherwife.becaufe all the notes of the ^Lyciim,Hy' a Vide A!ypi. pGljMa», &c, 'Deriik^y Hj^odorick,^ c^c, Thrjgian, Hjpophrj^ um in Ifagcgc gUny [onick. &c. fongs were diftinguifhed by the Alphabet. ^^ ^^^^J- '^c\}^PlHtarch is of opinion.that they derived the word from h In l,bro de thofe bounds, which the Mufitians of old prefctibed, for the Maiic.-». tuning I dtd ^J"^ 'T -run a. The grsekes^hits '' Cicero, thinke the caufe i loco ijudar. of this word , 'luijuumcm^ trihHendo , intimating v'^.^nv, /cicm. Akx.' which fignifies to diflributc , becaufe the Law gives every p 2 1(^. man his c^ue. Thus fee we, that there were Laws of yore,lct '• ^^^^^ hift. ' '}u(i;\Yi fay, NhUa civitati lettes tunc erant, quin lil^ido re(?num '*^. ^' * °' ,'1111 -ri. ^L r^- ^- . T '^ I /; Are.orat. prolegtbHs fjAbtbatHr • That the City was without Law, be- con.l?pti. caufc the wills of Kings were Laws.Tn fucceeding ages,and j poiit.t'c. 10. before Solon too, *Drnco gave Lawes,Uving about the three k Arift.Rhet. ^hundred and ninth Olymfmd, His Ads,faies g * D;moab.' ^" A Law giving in precept how to make a Law- And yet p.70, » ArifietU calls them »ofi»f, giving them this commendation, ' His lawcc that they are not worth rcmembrance,but for their great fe- <^o"t'n"ffl loo verity. Which gave occafion to ^HtrodicHs to fay,that they pil]%^^^l^ were not the Laws of man, am* J^^s^ko/JQ- /in a double fenfe firength* la of the word which is alfo put for a Dragon. And T^emacles^ Solone ^.66. that they Were not written with black,but blond.For hcpu- and afterward niftied every peccadillo almoft with death, thofe that were j^^ ^^^^ ^"'^ convided of idlenes,cr dealing of pothearbSjalike the facri- ^\jan.^ Var''* Icgiousand man-flayers. Wherefore were they made of hif.i.i.c.zz^' npne effeft \>ySolon,Vox he abrogated all,cxcept thofe which If any fpafcc concerned raurther, intituled *onikoi nomoi. Him J§' "^ them, iuf ceeded * Solon, a man (o well tempered, and cquaU be- J^,J^^^ ^?^P»r IWfxt the Cottucons and the Pcg:s» that he was beloved of ^'cnf "" both fl Sat. lO.v-tf. cO Jrrke9logit Attiu Lib.^. Cdp.i, boib. having ftii! a care, left while hefliould fide with one, ht' might dilpleafe the other. Whom, for his uprightnefle, ^ JavenalikWts fufium, and for the csre of the llepublique, z-,^. which ^ Defvofihenes averrcs he had in all his Lawes, ' c^; i- b\ia.-KAvrp, JiophAnesi^xmtSyCih'oJVucv, a lover of the people. '' *Pi,ito P o'^ ^°' brings him learning his Laws from a Barl;4ria.! : And ' PU' 'riiul^Av^zc ^^^'^^^ ^^^^^ "^ ^^^^ ^^ travelled afterwards into e^^y/>r.But it cLiSnlvjRc ' fecms by ' c/^mmiaaus MarcellinM! » that in the making of p.66 1.51. his laws he bad the approbation and judgement of the t/£- ;Ljb.zi. gyptUfj Pricfls. £t Solon adjmus fententiis tt/Egyjiti Sccerdo" tnmy Utii jufio moder amine leoibus , Romano qnot^ Juri maxl- |Bibhptbee\ w?^'^ addidit firmament um. s Diodorns Siculus relates two things brought from thence to the Athenians by him, Firft, that all the M^jptiam were compelled to bring to the go- vcrnours oft he countries thcirnameswritteri,and by what meanesthey fuftaincd thcmfclvesj wherein if any were found falfe, or that lived by unjuft gain, he fell into danger of life.Sec0nd!y,it was a cuftom among them, that payment (houldbcmadc only with the goods of the debtor,3nd that the body fhould not (uffer.For they thought the cftate alone to be fubjeft to the creditor,thebojy addided to the Cities in which they lived. Neither was it fit that Souldicrs,Who were to undergo hazard for their couatry,fhoold for ufurie be committed to prifon , or the country be in jeopardy for the avarice of fome one man:Wfaicb ind«ced Solon to make k Initio vita? the firft decree,as Laertius md ' Plutarch fay,of freeing the In Sol bodiesj which,if there were not wherewitbali to fatishe the p.62.1.8. craving leaner, were compelled to ferve.He therefore cut J( Plataicb.p. off'zWu/e, ^'as fome wrirc.or elie ' Icffened the burthen of it, 6.Z. making it more moderate by his Law 'Zeimx^a.- fo called / Androjio. from Sc^^K. f o (ht^e c ff, arid ^jS@-\ an heavy weight. Forgi- '"p ?62 fif ^'^^^^^('^^'^ firft » "' ^iXaelrtiHSyttVtn talents; or, as^ ?&- teenfaics Po- ^'*^^^i ^y^- But this itcpasto have been done for the avoi- ly zetus Kho- ^}^g of the afp^rfioh caft upon Mm as accefTary to the in/u- diuj. .ti?s of fome,Wh5 having an inkling of his intcnt,borrowed Biucb ArchdolcgU dtticA Itk ^, Cap,i, 97 imich money with hope ofnevcr making reftitu!ion.^C<a.(yiTai^f'j (?op«<, fftWTU^ic,(pvKa.yJlf^ f»*^y?^*»^-f forthatinthe/'r;'/70?;« Sii iVidcJufti- ^Vva r yiyesif^fi^Q* fnni dn^a lil^ot. So did the ^ ^reekes •ianum. divide AnldfkgU Atticd Lib.'^, Cap.i, gg divide their Laws into iyyt'^-'i^t^'^ytv-'^^u written and un- written. The unwritten, p»e/cnptojttrve»ifyAZ'it^u[c.'Vhe * Interpreter of Sophocles thus. N SuO '^57* a Tn Aj icem t7^£5t93- c-tu;ir')5Hrt, (Toundia. iJ ctygjiif ^£^' i/o^/jf. A Law is a writ- Locanum. ten cu[lome,and a cuftome an unwritten Liw.BcfidcS thefe there were decrees > which they termed -i'^Wuctra, p/ephif- mata. a Word uled by ^ Cicero, nothing d{fF:rent, -.'« ;/!;^Ta»^ , , ^ .» ~ A < ■ c rn /!/ L yInOrat. pro xiJbv>svJ)A^:i\^y« Which olone.p,6j. (lone, the jPr;r««rw took cerwia Tables and wrote on them, ' 5»' N a Such tfSch.in N32, 55.?id.Ulp.in D«m.p.2^o, b Demoft. p. 44?- eVidDcm. lococir. Dcmofthc!), Ulp. expounds to rcporr. cCom,Ti- moa.p«44^. /Detnofth. Such orfuch a (Ujj about fnch a time there Jhohld he att affemitlf to conjult ofthefe 4»rf thefe affaires : and this they called » ©e^ - yca^j.a.> When then they were aflembled,and the people pu- rifiedjthe decree was readj which if the people allowed of, ftood ;if notjdecay ed. 3 1 was forbidden that any fliould raze out a Decree of any Table. And be was brought in queflion of life,who ftiould prefuine in making a decree to pretend a fallacie. Now becaufc future time might haply perceive (ome inconveniences to arife by ovcrfight in their Law- giver , and that as abufes fhould happen, which inhisdayes were not difcerned,{o there would be a neceflity of making new ftatutcs : It was ordained therefore that every yeare there fhould be Shy^es-^^'^^ ro^t, which ^VlfiAn expounds c0tt(r>c«4i< 0, 77 cTfi" TTc/Hi c^^/ ^ v'-uoov. A confidcration of what ought to be done concerning the La ws. ' The manner was thus : Every eleventh day of July in the aflembly after the Crier had made his prayes,3S his fafhion was,and fhall anon be (poken of, the Laws were read over in order. Firft, thofe which concerned their Senate.aext the weal-publiquc^and thirdly the nine/^rcA<'«/,&afterwards the other Magiftratcs. Then was it demanded if there were Laws enough for the Senate, and fo for the Common- weale, &c. If any of the Laws in force were to be abrogated,it was adjourned untill the laft of the three daies of the 3 Convocations. On which the Prytancs appointed for the revifing and reciting of the LiweSjWere to take the matter in hand. The Trotdri chiefe of the Aflembly jWere to ^ acquaint them with it. Five men at the firft meeting were chofen out of all the fyftljenianst who fhould patronize the Law to be abolifhed; and accor- ding to the judgement of the 2{omothet^ , chofen out of the Councell of five hundred, was the buHnefTe carried, that the Lawes fliould be of Ronc effed, or fall flrengtb.Whofoever would bring in a new Law, was to write in a Table,' «< ^dJ xxi^fDemofihifieSi the forme thereof,and iet it up at the Sta- tutes of the Hir«r/ before fpoken of> [ <9gi«^y t'^ iTmw'nav, whicl& Archaologid At tic ± Lth^^, Cap.i, I or which {landing in a place coefpicuous , that fome certaine . daies before the Seflions,any Citizen might read what was to be handlcd;and if any fo plcafed,hc might at the propolall of the Law declare his mind either for.or againft it,as at the preferring of a BiSin our High Court of Parliament^where it is not denyed zuy "Surges or Knight oti {hire, to fpeake his ^ u'n in d opinion f>r^ or con, either with any whole Bill or fome part p :c7. "^' thercof,or in oppofition to it, or fome one claufe. Provided b D:m Om. likewife that hee , who attempted to enad a new Statute, '^'■?' con- Lep- (laould take care for the difannllingoftheold , that might ['"'""• contradift it , otherwife he came within the compafle of ^ i.'^^p iH' o^j.o/xlot.j^'gaf)ii;,a writ of TranfgreJJion of the Lawes : which e Gdliusl.^.' was of two forts.rirft,when time is not obferved in writing <:. rj. if.Cal. them, ' -^a: -f cJeix'^o'ov ;^^Vc>. Next when one is made that '''^"tus Athc- is advetfe to a former. And if it fo hapned,that any perfwa- "'* ^^^^^f, ^"" dcd the people to make a Liw that was not commodious to j>i,X^V^j!* the weale-publique , hee might bee queftioncd within ^' a appeihm. yeares fpacc ; ^ but if the time was expired , he conld not. L'vie Dcc^. ^Nay,they 9iQ\vMudemus,%Cj)^^( o '^^^3^^/\becaufe they lead their people with their Rheto- ypZ*''^f„' rick and flattery ,wrotcLtws and decrees,as we learn out of z j y. '"' ^"Demo/hfties; md thereferc arc they deciphered by ^ Atbe^g Dipnof.i 2. CAP. II. H E Aflcmblies were called by the 'Prjumtu iourc/P"!'"*!*. times in fite and thirty daycs. ' In the firftthcy confir- Mfc!!?"^* « In Achar. P-37I. 44J- f In Acharn. dUIp.&Sch. Anil loc,laud «Pol!.p.40j. Incoticio- nantib p,7ij loi Ar€hd9l(^gi/t Attka X/^.5. Cap.i, .mcd the Mjigiftrates in tbeir.p|5ces,if all things were mana- ged well by therajotberwifethey put tbem out. They heard public kcaufcSjlookcd into confifciite goodsjand poffeflions left by inheritance.! n the fecondjany one with leave might freely fpeake of private and publique afftireF. In the third, they gave audience toAmballadors.who before ought to dc- livertheir letters to the Prytaneis.ln the fourth,they treated of holy things, fuch as belonged to their Gods and worfliip of them. The firtt meeting was the eleventh day of the Pry tanea; the fecond^thc twentieth: the third,the t'uirtieth: the fourthjthe three and thirtieth. I finde a difference between the 'Scholiaftof ey^rifiophaptes 2Lnd Z//ft^«inthedaies on which they came together , one making the firft day of the Moneth to be the day on which the firft aflembly was , the other the eleventh of the 7rjtatfe4,wh\ch feems trueft. And whereas they both write that every month there were three lawfull affemblics, to wit, on the firft, tenth, thirtieth ; or tenth, twentieth,thirtieth,we are not fo to reckon them,but according to the 'Prjunea, it being the Trjtanes charge to congregate the people. They feem to have been called kvelw iiKxAMsrifiu, becaufe in them they did yjj^np 44i^iV/^7«, eftablifli decrees, as the "^ Scholiaft o( Arifiophanes. Other aflfcmblies there were which arc termed •* ^\-ni. becaufe the people of their ownc accord met on the other dayesjbut when they would have a Convocation fome went about the City and called them. There is likewife '=<^Ti>tKA>i!ria, when they were fummoned out of the fields to go to the AfTembly. It feems to mc that the Crier in the ftreets on their lawfiill affemblies gave fome token when they ftiould haftenj gnd fo mnch^ Arifiophaws wicnefles bringing in the women fpeaking that it is high time to beftiri-4Hg|bccaufe the QrftrfpJ'ef>- Jupiter, the red earth Which flew a- bout made laughter. '-^ Sometimes wculd they take Hurdles, f^^.'^j {^^y ^^1^ and barracado all the ftreets except thofe that led to th:f £r- clcfm : Sometimes take away all their faleablc wares which they brought into the market , left peoples intent on their traftique fhould abfent themfelves from theAffembl'eJ.Whc they had met oft-times the company would be difmiffed at fome prodigious fign,as thunder,lightning,tempeft,and the like, which they called ^ a/octhiaha, ' and earthquakes, or o- ^^''^^ ^"^• ther occafions, deferring the Aflemblies meeting untill the ^'pj^f',^^^ nextdiy. When they were come together, andthc Senate i.,.&^«jjj*^ ready to fit , one man facrificed ; which rites were called / bsmoiih. ^ Ti(r>7>teict, becaufe they were done at the entry of the Coun- '5%<-7rp.z4 1 . cell. ^XJlfi^n 7rpony^'^y6h(rii!nii'^ l^HK^i wj^j/cif TreiauV'of . j fiVideSi Lll- will not juftly fay that it was the purification made with a P'*"*P ^ ^ *• ycunglpig before the bench wasfate^and yet I may prefumc to averre itj the Grammarian that interprets ^ Arijiofhanet ^ I'lConfcion. witncfling that immediatly preceding tb« Seflions this cu- P'^^ '^' ftome was obferTcd by one, who they named -zjeigystf^o^ from ^J^i?Jct, T^ xttdttp(r/tf,which figoifies clcanfing,becaufe by that he purged the Affcmbly, Theater, and congreffe of the people. After they were fate , • the Cryer did pray for the \ Demoflh. good of the people,"^ & curfed thofe who (hould offer to dc- ^^^p. 1 1 j. ■ ccivc the Sf natt or people. After this, he fpakc with a loud * w.p.418. voice 104 Archd&logU Attitd Lih.'^. Cap.-^, « Alcuiamas voice,* Tiupfd>'nv C^M^i Who will make a fpeechj wherc- •'^'■'^^P^- P- upon one of the'' Elders arofe that gave his verdid, it being liVl. I r "°^ permitted to any to utter his opinion before the reve,- b Demoflh p. rend hoary head had fpent his f udgement.Whence by ' IDe- 29. Afcinncs mofiheHes they are ftiled 5; tii^^brz<, taofe that were wont to contra Ctef. orate. After they had finiOied their fay ings,ot hers had leave * p"°: . to declare themfelvcs. Neither muft we omit the fafliion ci hihppic.i. ^jjgy jj^j ^^ exclude all private men from their aflemblies fometimes, when the Senate alone fate, or the AreofagitkaH Councell; fometimes to debarrc allfcrvants,{lraQgers,and men deprived of their liberties from their convents, which d pTut p,5 s 2. at other times they admitted,and then was it called' ttm-^d- L.1M7. fj^ovCwi^iyn^in^:-., an open Theater to all commers. The place of meeting was called nw^^Pnyx, ^-ra rUs -KiTzvyjiSiSsax m- ^^g.i Ij-iu-vyirom the frequent concourfc of people there. It ftood on a rock,and therefore by Arifiephancs is calledTriTpa. 345 .Sch. op«»w jS lw< There was a ftipcnd for them that came to AflemblieSjasyou may fee in 'Demofih.contra Timec, And «:re»V J^otmiv -afej o/ofMla. Bccaufe they might bee at leafure without damage. Ariftot,PoU.i,c,i 3. They affcmblcd alfo in TirKCHs,Vlf. intern, CAP. III. SECT. L VV! 'DeTribmalibus ^tticis, ^prinrnmde SenatH nerTwxos-iwj'. Hen the mutinie between the faflion of Mega* clcs and C;/odifturbed thc^/^*V;^common wealth, Solon perfwaded the peoplctbat thofc,whom for their auda- citie in drawing away the fuppliants from the Altars they named 6m>«\fhould undergoe judgement, there werecho- t f'lur.SoIoncj {en "three hundred men,i ejo, according to their worth, p,6o.].5 r, jQ ^j. yp^j^ jjjg cafc.But thcfe were not a perpetual judicato- rie.For when the people murmured at the cutting off of the ufury ArcLsiUgU dtticd Lii.i, Cap.j. 105 Hfuriemoney, then was the Grand CounccU ordained ; out of every Tribe, which were then but foure.an hundred cho- fcn , wb« by their adtice (liould dircft the people in thofc things which wcreto be handlcd,lcft any thing (Kould be in- duftedjor propofed to the AlIeaibly,without due confidera- tion. Who from their office in a *Z)rfw^Mc*^,'yfri^a;/^ fa ies pi 1^ are more properly called v^CuKoiybut where the Rout rules, * ■" "• • -^ • B»A.«.But when C/i/?^r»r/,who by Plfttarchls termed 6 Kara- gyiod-'UQ' -duu 7n^-il»a.r^ had augmented the number of the Tribes from foure to tenne , eighty fixyeares after Solon's Lawes were received, he made the number five hundred.ia- king fifty of every Tribe, which doubled ten times make up the£iimme. This Councell by ./^r//?o//tfisdefcribed n ^^/jx t;jdi^n ? fS«;VcoaAn